cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A nationwide comparative analysis of medical complications in fibromyalgia patients following total knee arthroplasty

Background: Fibromyalgia is a disease primarily characterized by chronic widespread pain and associated symptoms of fatigue, mild cognitive impairment, and sleep disturbance. The condition affects 1% to 6% of the general population in the United States and is more commonly diagnosed in women (2:1 ratio). There is evidence to suggest that fibromyalgia patients may be more at risk of postoperative complications. The rate of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) performed worldwide is escalating and thus it is expected that the proportion of fibromyalgia patients under orthopaedic care will increase accordingly. However, the literature on TKA outcomes in this subpopulation is limited. We assessed whether fibromyalgia patients have a higher likelihood of developing medical complications compared to a matched cohort of non-fibromyalgia patients following TKA. Specifically, we assessed the likelihood of developing (I) any medical complication and (II) specific medical complications. Methods: Using the Medicare Standard Analytical Files of the PearlDiver supercomputer, patients who underwent a TKA between 2005 and 2014 were queried. Propensity score matching was used to match patients with and without fibromyalgia in a 1:1 ratio based on age, sex, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). A total cohort of 305,510 patients (female =242,198; male =59,810; and unknown =3,502) with (n=152,755) and without fibromyalgia (n=152,755) was identified. Statistical analyses involved the calculation of odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and P values ( Results: Compared to a matched cohort of non-fibromyalgia patients, fibromyalgia patients had increased odds of developing any medical complication following TKA [odds ratio (OR): 1.95, 95% CI: 1.86–2.04, P Conclusions: As the number of fibromyalgia patients under orthopaedic care is expected to rise, it is imperative that the TKA outcomes of these patients are tracked in order to provide optimal patient care. This study identified fibromyalgia as a risk factor for a number of medical complications following TKA. Orthopaedic surgeons must be aware of the potential for poor TKA outcomes among these patients and should provide them with appropriate medical care and pre-operative guidance.
Advances in adult asthma diagnosis and treatment in 2013

In 2013, several themes emerged: (1) a dedicated search for new therapies using new mechanisms; (2) the importance of the plasticity of the immune system (eg, that molecules that mediate inflammation in one setting can promote its resolution and return to homeostasis in other circumstances); (3) the complex role of viruses in asthma exacerbations; (4) the similarities and differences among asthma, asthma in smokers, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and (5) the importance of understanding asthma phenotypes and their stability over time. Once new therapeutics pass the initial clinical trials, patient-oriented and real-world research will be needed.
Superstring perturbation theory via super Riemann surfaces: an overview

This article is devoted to an overview of superstring perturbation theory from the point of view of super Riemann surfaces. We aim to elucidate some of the subtleties of superstring perturbation that caused difficulty in the early literature, focusing on a concrete example—the $SO(32)$ heterotic string compactified on a Calabi–Yau manifold, with the spin connection embedded in the gauge group. This model is known to be a significant test case for superstring perturbation theory. Supersymmetry is spontaneously broken at 1-loop order, and to treat correctly the supersymmetry-breaking effects that arise at 1- and 2-loop order requires a precise formulation of the procedure for integration over supermoduli space. In this paper, we aim as much as possible for an informal explanation, though at some points we provide more detailed explanations that can be omitted on first reading.
Wiener—Hopf Equations

Wiener and Hopf1 used a novel technique to solve Milne’s equation, which comes up in the theory of radiative equilibrium of stellar atmospheres:
Dating and Courtship Behaviors Among Those with Autism Spectrum Disorder

There has been growing concern among stakeholders about individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), their sexual and intimate relationship experience, and their ability to pursue and maintain interpersonal relationships in a healthy manner. ASD is characterized, in part, by communication and socialization deficits, which may lead to miscommunications, inappropriate communications, or inappropriate actions towards romantic interests. This study sought to describe the romantic experiences of a small sample of individuals with ASD and explore any inappropriate courtship behaviors while pursuing a romantic interest.
Section 195 (Revisiting the Taxation of Startup Expenditures)

Section 195 of the Internal Revenue Code was enacted as part of the Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1980 as an incentive to create new businesses, and to reduce tax controversy and litigation over the tax treatment of start-up expenditures. The statute generally provides that up to $5,000 in start-up expenditures can be deducted, with any excess amortized over 180 months. After several decades and statutory amendments, recent tax filing data suggest that section 195 is being ignored by the vast majority of new partnerships and new C Corporations, and yet start-up expenditures are natural and expected from these new businesses. The implication is that these taxpayers are making sub-optimal start-up expenditure tax decisions which may increase their audit risks. This paper is the first to discuss tax filing data on this subject, and suggests amendments to section 195 to better align it with its legislative intent, while minimizing income distortion.
Uncovering a mitochondrial unfolded protein response in corals and its role in adapting to a changing world.

The Anthropocene will be characterized by increased environmental disturbances, leading to the survival of stress-tolerant organisms, particularly in the oceans, where novel marine diseases and ele...
Using an interprofessional team to provide refugee healthcare in an academic medical centre

Introduction The International Family Medicine Clinic (IFMC) was established in 2002 by the University of Virginia Department of Family Medicine to provide comprehensive, timely, culturally sensitive and high-quality healthcare to the growing refugee and special immigrant population in Central Virginia, USA. Methods The purpose of this paper is to describe the IFMC, with a specific focus on interprofessional roles, interprofessional collaboration, community partnerships and the services and resources available to IFMC patients. Results The clinic has served over 3100 refugees from 60 countries in its 16-year history. In 2019, the clinic staff now includes 4 attending physicians, 2 nurse practitioners and 14 residents who have dedicated clinic time to see refugees; a registered nurse care coordinator and a social worker dedicated to the IFMC refugee population; 2 clinical psychologists and doctoral students in clinical psychology; and a clinical pharmacist. The IFMC also provides onsite psychiatric care. A process flow map depicts the interconnectivity of interprofessional team members working together with other specialty care providers within the medical centre and with community partners on behalf of refugee patients through the resettlement process. Conclusion Individuals who arrive in the USA as refugees are a particularly vulnerable patient group and often require an interprofessional team approach. The IFMC may serve as a model for other institutions interested in starting a similar interprofessional, refugee-centred medical home.
Exergy/energy dynamics-based integrative modeling and control for difficult hybrid aircraft missions

This paper introduces a new modeling approach to complex Turbo-electric Distributed Propulsion (TeDP) aircraft systems, by viewing them as dynamically interacting interconnected modules. Each module comprises group of components in which dynamics of physical variables are modeled first in dynamic state space, generally used for control design. Then a recently proposed transformed state space modeling is used to represent the dynamics of stored energy and its rate in each of these modules. The interaction variables, key to modeling and controlling mutual effects of components are shown to be instantaneous real and instantaneous reactive power. The interconnected dynamic model is systematically derived by writing conservation of both real power and rate of change of reactive power. Notably, the notions of instantaneous real and reactive power are common to all modules, and are defined for all types of energy conversion modules the same way. These models provide great physical intuition about the dynamics of energy conversion in these complex systems, as the proposed model in transformed state space has a straightforward interpretation in terms of exergy and anergy. Both efficiency and stability conditions become apparent. Based on these concepts, it becomes possible to understand potential benefits from new technologies. As an example, in this paper the case is made for utilizing fast electric storage control for purposes of eliminating engine stall and surge problems. In closing, future extensions of these concepts to modeling and controlling complex aircrafts and other vehicles are discussed.
2170 Vaginoscopy: A Minimally Invasive Approach to Hysteroscopy

Video Objective To demonstrate the vaginoscopic approach to hysteroscopy. Setting The patient is a 35-year-old G0 with a history of endometrial polyps previously treated with hysteroscopic resection who presented with recurrent intermenstrual spotting and evidence of endometrial polyp on ultrasound. She presented for hysteroscopic polypectomy in the outpatient setting. Interventions The patient underwent vaginoscopy with hysteroscopy under monitored anesthesia care using a 5-mm operative hysteroscope. Manual coaptation of the labia allowed for vaginal distention, and the posterior approach was used to locate and enter the external cervical os without the use of a speculum or tenaculum. Full survey of the endometrial cavity was completed and a small area of polypoid tissue was sampled. Conclusion Vaginoscopy is recommended as the standard approach to hysteroscopy by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the French College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians because of its many benefits over traditional hysteroscopy, including improved patient comfort and reduced need for anesthesia. Vaginoscopy may allow for hysteroscopic evaluation of patients otherwise thought to be poor candidates because of intolerance of a speculum examination, vaginal atrophy and/or cervical stenosis, as seen in pediatric, virginal and postmenopausal patients. Vaginoscopy may also afford benefits over traditional hysteroscopy by allowing direct inspection of the vagina and cervix, as well as management of cervical stenosis under direct, magnified visualization. Despite these benefits, uptake of this method has not been widespread in the United States, likely because it is not frequently taught. This video demonstrates a vaginoscopic procedure with adequate vaginal distention and a posterior approach to localization of the cervical os with the aim of increasing provider comfort and adoption of this approach.
WHICH CAME FIRST, WELL-BEING OR PHYSICAL HEALTH? A LONGITUDINAL INVESTIGATION IN MID- TO LATE LIFE

As the United States population continues to age, focus has turned toward understanding and promoting positive aging processes. However, positive aging is not only about maintaining physical health, but also about maintaining and improving psychological health. Though previous research has found well-being to be predictive of physical health outcomes, research has yet to examine the temporal associations between these variables. The aim of the current study was to begin to disentangle these temporal associations by investigating how well-being and physical health relate over the course of nearly two decades in a nationwide sample of adults (N = 7,419, Mage = 46.38 at Time 1). The current study employed a cross-lagged panel SEM design across three time points to investigate if well-being, operationalized as purpose in life and personal growth, predicted future self-rated physical health. Data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study was analyzed from 1995, 2004, and 2014. Cross-lagged analyses revealed well-being was significantly predictive of future physical health, and physical health was also significantly predictive of future well-being. However, the magnitude of the path loadings indicated well-being was a stronger predictor of future physical health than physical health was of future well-being. Thus, these results suggest that personal growth and purpose in life may be particularly important for the promotion of physical health as individuals age. Future research should investigate if these predictive associations apply to all age-groups, as well as for individuals who self-identify as caregivers.
Cloning of the full-length coding sequence of tree shrew CD127 and prediction of its molecular characteristics

Objective Tree shrews is a good human diseases models.The cloning of its immune cellular markers is necessary.This study is to obtain Tree shrews CD127 for analyzing its molecular characteristics.Methods The CD127 gene was amplified from total RNA of tree shrews peripheral blood by RT-nested PCR and its biological characteristics were analyzed by biology software such as Discovery Studio.Results The fulllength CD127 cDNA encoding 1392bp of Tree shrews was cloned and one unknown fragment of tree shrews CD127 cDNA in the database was defined.Tree shrews CD127 amino acid sequence was conserved,and showed a close genetic relationship with Homo sapiens and Pan troglodytes.The structure of Tree shrews CD127 showed a similarity with human CD127,but some differences in the N-glyasylation sites number and the charge distribution have been detected.Conclusions The full-length sequence obtained in this study encodes Tree shrews CD127 which would function as its counterpart of the primate.It is useful for the preparation of antibody and studies of the role of Tree shrews Tr in human diseases. Key words: Tree shrews; CD127 ; RT-nested PCR; Structure; Monoclonal antibody
Cognitive and Scalable Technique for Securing IoT Networks Against Malware Epidemics

The sheer volume of IoT networks being deployed today presents a major “attack surface” and poses significant security risks at a scale never encountered before. In other words, a single IoT device/node that gets infected with malware has the potential to spread the malicious activities across the network, eventually ceasing the network functionality or compromising the network. Simply detecting and quarantining the malware in IoT networks does not guarantee preventing malware propagation. On the other hand, use of traditional control theory for malware confinement is not effective, as most of the existing works do not consider real-time malware control strategies that can be implemented using uncertain infection information from the nodes in the network or have the containment problem decoupled from network performance. In response, in this work, we propose a two-pronged approach with malware detection at node-level, and confinement of malware at network-level. We deploy a recently proposed lightweight runtime malware detector at the node-level that employs Hardware Performance Counter (HPC) values for malware detection. This node-level malware information is combined with the malware propagation information and then fed during runtime to a stochastic predictive controller to confine the malware propagation without hampering the network performance. Synthesizing the node-level malware information with the model predictive containment strategy leads to achieving an average network throughput of nearly 200% of that of IoT network without any defense, and up to 160% of that of network with commonly employed state-of-the-art heuristic approaches for malware confinement. Furthermore, to scale with ever-increasing network topology sizes, we introduce a novel multi-attribute graph translation that can predict the network topology and node state information when provided with a snapshot of topology and node-level malware infection. The proposed multi-attribute graph translation has <5.88 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) compared to the model predictive containment strategy and has shown nearly constant graph translation time and limited resource utilization independent of the network size.
First contact: A role for adult-offspring social association in the species recognition system of brood parasites

Social parasites typically develop in the absence of close relatives and receive parental care from foster parents. How do these parasitic offspring later recognize their kin or conspecifics as compatible social or sexualpartners? Recent evidence suggests that association of fledgling obligate brood parasitic birds with adults of their own species may be more frequent than previously thought. This early social contact has been implicated to function in cuing species-typical behaviors, including conspecific recognition. I tested assumptions and predictions of this "first contact" hypothesis using field observations and laboratory choice trials with brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater). In support of the "first contact" scenario, playback experiments in the field indicated that female cowbirds were predictably detected near fledgling cowbirds. In the laboratory, adult cowbirds of both sexes spent consistently more time in the proximity of conspecific juveniles than adult hosts. Independent, hand-reared juvenile cowbirds also showed consistent biases in spatial preference for female cowbirds over hosts, even in the absence of prior conspecific experience. This preference for conspecific stimuli by juvenile parasites may have been mediated not only by phenotypic but also by behavioral cues in choice trials because the heterospecific social stimuli more frequently directed aggressive behaviors at the young cowbirds than did conspecific stimuli. These findings support the claim that, against conventional wisdom, adult brood parasites may play a role in the earliest stages of social development of conspecific young. Returning to parasitized broods to facilitate the conspecific recognition of their own offspring is likely to increase the fitness of, and represent a form of parental care by, territorial female cowbirds because most parasitic fledglings encountered within their breeding range are predictably their progeny.
Abstract 2080: Tissue-specific tumorigenesis in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I

While a germline heterozygous mutation in the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene predisposes tumor formation in specific tissues such as the endocrine pancreas, parathyroid glands and anterior pituitary, this tissue-specific tumorigenesis is not dependent on MEN1 mutations alone. In fact, a homozygous deletion of Men1 in mouse pancreatic exocrine tissue does not result in tumor formation, suggesting a tissue-specific mechanism. Loss of menin activates a menin-interacting protein retinoblastoma-binding-protein 5 (RBBP5). Since RBBP5 transcriptionally regulates DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), this causes global DNA hypermethylation and subsequent tumorigenesis in MEN1-target endocrine tissues. We hypothesize that while RBBP5 is ubiquitously expressed, it exclusively binds to the DNMT1 promoter in MEN1-target-tissues through its recruitment by tissue-specific factors. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated that Rbbp5 is bound to the Dnmt1 promoter in MEN1-target-tissues, while not in non-target tissues. Following a high-throughput genome-wide approach, we identified two candidate factors that may recruit Rbbp5 to the Dnmt1 promoter. Immunohistochemistry showed MEN1-target-tissue-specific expression of these target factors. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed MEN1-target-tissue-specific binding of Rbbp5 to the factors. In conclusion, Rbbp5 binds the Dnmt1 promoter in MEN1-target-tissues and we have identified candidates for Rbbp5 recruitment to the Dnmt1 promoter that must be tested further to determine their role in the observed tissue specificity of MEN1-related tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Juliet C. Gardiner, Steven K. Libutti. Tissue-specific tumorigenesis in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2080.
Artificial intelligence in technical diagnostics in the example of a marine auxiliary diesel engine

The necessity of improving methods for determining the technical condition of ship power plants is justified, using the example of an auxiliary engine. A brief analysis of the most common systems of self-diagnostics is given. Features of development and use of artificial intelligence for diagnostics of internal combustion engines are described. The algorithm for conducting experimental studies to obtain a sample of diagnostic features is incorrect. The characteristics of synthesized neural networks are given and the accuracy of determining the technical state is estimated.
Chemical bonds in topological materials

Topological materials are of great significance in the chemistry, physics, and engineering communities due to their implications for fundamental and applied science. They are solid-state materials where electrons behave atypically, acting as analogs to particles in high-energy physics. In addition, topological materials are impactful in spintronics, catalysis, and quantum information science. However, we do not yet have a holistic understanding of the nature of chemical bonding in these materials, despite growing evidence that it plays a vital role. In this review, we explore how delocalized bonding can lead to topological electronic structures in one-, two-, and three-dimensional systems. We highlight the successes of chemical intuition in polymeric and square-net systems and the potential for one- and three-dimensional structures to follow.
Land-Use Regression of Long-Term Transportation Data on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Low-Income Communities:

Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with adverse cardiovascular health effects in near-road residents. Transportation parameters are important surrogate variables to determine spatial...
Evolutionary aspects of cell differentiation.

Publisher Summary This chapter examines how the changes that occurred in DNA during evolution may account for the modifications of a developmental stage of a cell, tissue, or organ during early embryonic development. The sequence of differentiations that occurred during the evolutionary history of an organism occurs in the same sequence during embryonic development. The differentiation of a particular cell type is attributable to modification(s) of a developmental stage of a more primitive cell type. These changes are because of an earlier production of more conservative messenger RNA molecules, followed by a quantitative and qualitative restriction of their transcription, and resulting in a relative increase of less conservative mRNA molecules. Evidence supports that the transcription initiation sequences that are enriched in A-T base pairs produce more copies of mRNA and that these abundant mRNA species are more conservative. Increasing amounts of H1 histone in the various cells react with the most A-T rich (the most conservative) initiation sequences and restrict their transcription. The molecular events may account for the temporal sequence of expression of the various families of genes during embryonic development and allow the evolutionary history of the organism to specify the course of embryonic development.
Simulations of Three-Dimensional Slender Tori

Some considerations and conclusions that have been obtained from numerical simulations of slender, nonself-gravitating, fluid ‘tori’ orbiting in a fixed central potential. The numerical work on the nonaxisymmetric ‘Papaloizou-Pringle’ instability is summarized. The difficulties and pitfalls inherent in these time-dependent finite differencing calculations are reviewed. Preliminary three-dimensional simulations of slender torus modes are presented.
A New Look at the Mammals of Southern Africa

Africa is home to what is arguably the most enigmatic extant mammalian fauna of the world, and the southern region of the continent exemplifies this biota. Some mammalian families found in this region are among the most diverse on the planet, with bovids being a spectacular example. Containing every order of mammal recorded on the continent, southern Africa is diverse in habitats, and the result is a complex set of environments that have given rise to the beauty that is southern African mammals. In 1983 R. H. N. Smithers produced a wonderful book documenting this unique fauna, and thereby setting the bar for other books written to document the natural history of regional faunas. The book has been revised twice: once in 1990 by John D. Skinner and Smithers (who died before the completion of the revision) and again in 2005 by Skinner and Christian Chimimba. As the pace of biological research has increased recently in southern Africa, the need to update our view of the fauna there has become more pressing. Our understanding of the natural history and evolutionary history of mammals in the southern part of the continent has recently expanded enormously thanks to the elegant works of scientists such as G. N. Bronner, N. C. Bennett, C. T. Chimimba, F. P. D. Cotterill, C. A. Matthee, T. J. Robinson, P. J. Taylor, and others. The region has a wide array of keen and observant mammalogists that are critically studying the behavior, ecology, systematics, and conservation of the entire gamut of Mammalia. As a result of such productivity the need to update books such as this one are pressing, and such revisions rapidly become out of date after completion. Against this backdrop, Skinner and Chimimba, with the assistance of a wide variety of subeditors, have revised and updated Smithers’ initial tome. The result bears the same standard usefulness that Smithers gave us, but with a wide variety of additional data. The color maps in the Explanatory Notes are a nice improvement from the second edition. Dr. C. K. Brain summarizes the life and work of Reay H. N. Smithers, paying tribute to a truly J Mammal Evol (2008) 15:67–69 DOI 10.1007/s10914-007-9056-4
Nuclear Remodeling in Response to Steroid Hormone Action

Abstract Steroid and similar hormones comprise the broadest class of gene regulatory agents known, spanning vertebrates through the lower animals, and even fungi. Not unexpectedly, therefore, steroid receptors belong to an evolutionary highly conserved family of proteins. After complexing with their cognate ligands, receptors interact with hormone response elements on target genes and modulate transcription. These actions are multifaceted and only partly understood, and include large-scale changes in the structure and molecular composition of the affected cell nuclei. This chapter examines steroid hormone action and the resultant nuclear remodeling from the following perspectives: (1) Where are the receptors located? (2) Which nuclear domains are most affected? (3) Are there extended or permanent nuclear changes? (4) What is the role of coiled bodies and similar structures in this regard? To address these and related questions, information is drawn from several sources, including vertebrates, insects, and malignant tissues. Entirely new data are presented as well as a review of the literature.
The History of Communications and Its Implications for the Internet

The Internet is the latest in a long succession of communication technologies. The goal of this work is to draw lessons from the evolution of all these services. Little attention is paid to technology as such, since that has changed radically many times. Instead, the stress is on the steady growth in volume of communication, the evolution in the type of traffic sent, the qualitative change this growth produces in how people treat communication, and the evolution of pricing. The focus is on the user, and in particular on how quality and price differentiation have been used by service providers to influence consumer behavior, and how consumers have reacted. There are repeating patterns in the histories of communication technologies, including ordinary mail, the telegraph, the telephone, and the Internet. In particular, the typical story for each service is that quality rises, prices decrease, and usage increases to produce increased total revenues. At the same time, prices become simpler. The historical analogies of this paper suggest that the Internet will evolve in a similar way, towards simplicity. The schemes that aim to provide differentiated service levels and sophisticated pricing schemes are unlikely to be widely adopted.
The Use of Public Polls, Surveys and Sampling as Evidence in Litigation, and Particularly Trademark and Unfair Competition Cases

The use of witnesses to prove actual confusion is, of course, preferred. However, in many instances it is extremely difficult to produce such proof. The confused purchaser may in fact never become aware of his mistake. If he does become aware of the same, in the large majority of instances this information does not come to the attention of the plaintiff in an action for infringement. If found, the confused purchaser frequently refuses to admit the mistake or to testify as to it. Furthermore, plaintiffs have frequently found it inadvisable to put sufficient pressure upon prospective witnesses to cause them to testify as to confusion. The various difficulties encountered in securing evidence of actual confusion and thereafter proving the same
The average of the divisor function over values of a quadratic polynomial

We establish a uniform asymptotic formula with a power saving error term for the average of the divisor function τ(n) := ∑ k|n 1 over values of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + |D| where D < 0 is a fundamental discriminant.
Do plant sterol concentrations correlate with coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes? A report from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study

Background: It has been suggested that plant sterol absorption is increased in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and that this may relate to the increased cardiovascular risk seen in T1DM. The cardiovascular benefit of lowering low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol with statin medication has also been shown to be influenced by plant sterol absorption. Methods: The relationship between sterol concentrations, coronary artery disease (CAD), and the use of statin medications in T1DM was compared between participants with CAD (Minnesota codes 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 4.1–4.3, 5.1–5.3, and 7.1; n = 82), from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study, and those without (n = 213). Serum sterol concentrations reflecting cholesterol absorption (β-sitosterol and campesterol) and synthesis (desmosterol and lathosterol) were assayed and analyzed by gas chromatography and were expressed as a ratio of total cholesterol (×103). Results: No differences were observed in markers of cholesterol absorption between individuals with and without CAD. In patients with CAD, significantly lower levels were observed for both sterol markers reflecting cholesterol synthesis compared with individuals without CAD [desmosterol: 0.34 vs 0.42, respectively (P = 0.003); lathosterol 0.47 vs 0.54, respectively (P = 0.019)]. Further stratification by statin medication use revealed significantly lower levels of synthesis-reflecting sterols in individuals taking statin medication, particularly those with CAD. Conclusions: Although previous reports suggest that higher levels of cholesterol absorption in T1DM potentially increase cardiovascular risk in this population, the present data suggest no differences in cholesterol absorption between T1DM individuals with and without CAD.
Airborne LiDAR and Terrestrial Laser Scanning Derived Vegetation Obstruction Factors for Visibility Models

Research presented here explores the feasibility of leveraging vegetation data derived from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for visibility modeling. Using LiDAR and TLS datasets of a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) dominant ecosystem, tree canopy and trunk obstructions were isolated relevant to a discrete visibility beam in a short-range line-of-sight model. Cumulative obstruction factors from vegetation were compared with reference visibility values from digital photographs along sightline paths. LiDAR-derived tree factors were augmented with single-scan TLS data for obstruction prediction. Good correlation between datasets was found up to 10 m from the terrestrial scanner, but fine scale visibility modeling was problematic at longer distances. Analysis of correlation and regression results reveal the influence of obstruction shadowing inherent to discrete LiDAR and TLS, potentially limiting the feasibility of modeling visibility over large areas with similar technology. However, the results support the potential for TLS-derived subcanopy metrics for augmenting large amounts of aerial LiDAR data to significantly improve models of forest structure. Subtle LiDAR processing improvements, including more accurate tree delineation through higher point density aerial data, combined with better vegetation quantification processes for TLS data, will advance the feasibility and accuracy of data integration.
Alteration in the action of cholinergic and anti cholinergic drugs after chronic haloperidol: indirect evidence for cholinergic hyposensitivity.

Abstract Following repeated treatment with haloperidol, spontaneous locomotor activity and the locomotor stimulation produced by amphetamine and the anti-cholinergic, dexetimide was enhanced compared with normal rats. The reduction in locomotor activity produced by the cholinergic agonist, pilocarpine, was retarded following this treatment. These results suggest that a dopaminergic supersensitivity and a cholinergic hyposensitivity develop as a result of chronic neuroleptic treatment.
Effects of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane on hepatic heme synthesis

Abstract Previous studies showed that 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) caused a decrease in hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 [ D. E. Moody, B. Head, and E. A. Smuckler (1979) J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 3, 177–190; D. E. Moody, G. A. Clawson, C. H. Woo, and E. A. Smuckler (1982) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 66, 278–279], suggesting that hepatic heme metabolism may be affected by DBCP treatment. This study tested this hypothesis. Various parameters of hepatic heme synthesis were measured at intervals ranging from 0 to 72 hr in male Sprague-Dawley rats given a single oral dose (200 mg/kg) of DBCP. Incorporation of the radiolabeled heme precursor [δ-14C]aminolevulinic acid (14C-ALA) into liver, protein, extracted heme, and subcellular fractions of liver homogenates was significantly decreased to 75, 58, and 81% of controls, respectively, at 24 hr. At 48 and 72 hr after DBCP treatment, the accumulation of 14C-ALA label after 4 hr in liver homogenates and subcellular fractions was significantly increased in comparison to controls. These changes in 14C-ALA uptake were accompanied by decreases in total liver and microsomal heme, but not mitochondrial heme. Decreases were found in the spectral content of two heme proteins, cytochromes P-450 and b5, and the activity of another heme protein, catalase. Heme oxygenase activity increased to 130, 151, 209, and 186% of control values at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr after DBCP, respectively. A slight, but significant, increase in ALA-synthetase to 112% of controls occurred at 24 hr, and slight, but significant, decreases in ALA-dehydratase to 90 and 80% of control occurred at 12 and 24 hr, respectively. No significant changes in uroporphyrinogen-1-synthetase or ferrochelatase at the time points tested was noted. The porphyrin content of liver was increased to 130% of control, while the serum and urine porphyrin levels were decreased to 30% of the control values at 24 hr. Liver ALA content was not significantly altered through the time period studied, but serum and urine levels were increased at 24 hr to 176 and 130% of the control values, respectively. In conclusion, the decreases in liver heme proteins following a single oral dose of DBCP are accompanied by alterations in heme turnover, particularly a prolonged increase in heme oxygenase activity.
The ringworm riddle: an outbreak of Microsporum canis in the nursery

Tinea capitis, the most common fungal infection in children, is rare in neonates. We report six patients in a Level II intermediate care nursery who developed nosocomial dermatophyte infections caused by Microsporum canis. The investigation, which led to the identification of a nurse as the common source, is described. The nurse had an indolent infection with M. canis. Human to human transmission is exceedingly rare for M. canis. The literature regarding neonatal dermatophyte infections is discussed in relation to the reported outbreak.
Financial Crisis and Extreme Market Risks: Evidence From Europe

Abstract This study draws attention to the proliferation of extreme risks in financial markets prior to and during the course of the recent global financial crisis. It examines the level of such “tail” risks in selected equity, interbank lending and foreign exchange markets in selected EU Member States in relation to the United States. The extent of tail risks is assessed by applying general error distribution (GED) parameterization in GARCH volatility tests of the examined variables. The empirical tests prove that extreme market risks were pronounced across all of the examined European financial markets throughout the crisis. They were also significant prior to the crisis outbreak. The analyzed interbank lending markets exhibited more extreme volatility outbursts than the equity and foreign exchange markets did.
Transradial approach for hepatic arterial embolization: initial results and technique

Purpose Extensive experience exists in the interventional cardiology community on transradial approach (TRA) for cardiac catheterization. Benefits of this technique over transfemoral approach (TFA) include lower morbidity and mortality including significant bleeding complications [1], increased patient comfort, decreased costs compared to femoral closure devices and immediate ambulation in an outpatient setting. We describe our initial experience with TRA for hepatic arterial embolization (HAE). Materials and Methods Over a 7 month period, 30 procedures were performed in 26 patients (21 male, 5 female; mean age 67) using a TRA for HAE. Procedures included: chemoembolization (TACE) (n = 14), Y90 (n = 14), and bland embolization (n = 2). Tumor pathology included: HCC (n = 21) and metastatic disease (n = 5). A Barbeau test [2] was performed using a pulse oximeter on the left thumb to confirm presence of dual circulation and patency of the palmar arch. A 5F Glidesheath [3] was placed in the left radial artery (RA) using US guidance. A solution of 3000 U heparin, 2 mg verapamil, and 200 mcg nitroglycerin was administered interarterially following sheath placement. A 5F 110 cm Optitorque Sarah Radial catheter [3] was used to catheterize the visceral arteries. At completion, a TR band [3] was placed for radial compression and removed after 2 hours. Technical success, 30-day major and minor adverse events, and patient preference were evaluated. Results Technical success was obtained in all procedures (100%). There were no major adverse events at 30 days. Mild pain and weakness in the left hand was observed in 1 case (3.3%) 3 days post Y90 which resolved with NSAIDs. One asymptomatic RA thrombosis was observed post TACE (3.3%) which was successfully cannulated for access during a 2nd TACE 28 days later. A minor hematoma was observed in 1 procedure (3.3%) which resolved spontaneously. 11/26 patients (42.3%) had prior TFA and in this group, 11/11 (100%) preferred TRA. Conclusion TRA for HAE is feasible, safe and well tolerated. In patients that previously had TFA, TRA was preferred. References 1. Romagnoli et.al. The RIFLE-STEACS Study. JACC. 2012; epub. 2. Barbeau et.al.. Am Heart J. 2004;147:489-493. 3. Terumo Medical Corporation. Somerset, NJ.
An occupation number representation for shell-model reaction calculations

Abstract A computational technique is described for handling certain problems involving many-fermion wave functions. The technique uses occupation number diagrammes which give a pictorial representation of the system. Because these diagrammes are in essence binary numbers, the technique lends itself to computations on automatic digital computers. The conditions imposed by macroscopic quantum numbers are introduced by way of the fundamental properties of the quantum mechanical operators; no explicit use of derived theorems is involved; and no particular angular momentum coupling scheme is essential to the problem. The particle aspects of the problem rather than the angular momentum coupling aspects are emphasized by the nature of the diagrammes. The method is applied to the calculation of pickup reaction spectroscopic factors in the jj -coupling nuclear shell model.
NONUNIFORM GRIDS FOR REDUCED BASIS DESIGN OF LOW ORDER FEEDBACK CONTROLLERS FOR NONLINEAR CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS

In this paper, we discuss the use of nonuniform grids in reduced basis design for developing low order nonlinear feedback controllers for hybrid distributed parameter systems. The reduced basis approach was presented in an earlier paper by Burns and King; therein, all approximations were based upon uniform grids. In this paper, we explore the effect on control design of using nonuniform grids in the fundamental step of approximating the functional controller gains. We illustrate the process using a weakly nonlinear distributed parameter system.
Base-induced decomposition of alkyl hydroperoxides in the gas phase. Part 3. Kinetics and dynamics in HO-+CH3OOH, C2H5OOH, and tert-C4H9OOH reactions

The ECO2 elimination reactions of alkyl hydroperoxides proceed via abstraction of an α-hydrogen by a base: X− + R1R2HCOOH → HX + R1R2C═O + HO−. Efficiencies and product distributions for the reactions of the hydroxide anion with methyl, ethyl, and tert-butyl hydroperoxides are studied in the gas phase. On the basis of experiments using three isotopic analogues, HO− + CH3OOH, HO− + CD3OOH, and H18O− + CH3OOH, the overall intrinsic reaction efficiency is determined to be 80% or greater. The ECO2 decomposition is facile for these methylperoxide reactions, and predominates over competing proton transfer at the hydroperoxide moiety. The CH3CH2OOH reaction displays a similar ECO2 reactivity, whereas proton transfer and the formation of HOO− are the exclusive pathways observed for (CH3)3COOH, which has no α-hydrogen. All results are consistent with the ECO2 mechanism, transition state structure, and reaction energy diagrams calculated using the hybrid density functional B3LYP approach. Isotope labeling for HO− +...
A Reinvestigatton of the 13C-NMR Chemical Shift Assignments of Fluoranthene

Abstract Disparities in the protonated carbon NMR chemical shift assignments of the polynuclear aromatic molecule, fluoranthene, have been noted. Using two-dimensional 13C- 13C double quantum coherence, the 13C-NMR chemical shift assignments were reinvestigated and a set of unequivocal assignments obtained.
Two Cases of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return of the Supracardiac Type with Stenosis Simulating Infradiaphragmatic Drainage

Two patients who died during the neonatal period with congestive heart failure and marked pulmonary congestion were found at autopsy to have total anomalous pulmonary venous return of the supracardiac type with stenosis of the pulmonary vein. The narrowing was the result of an unusual course of the vein, which passed between the left pulmonary artery and left main bronchus and was stenosed at this point. It is emphasized that the clinical and x-ray findings were indistinguishable from those of total anomalous pulmonary drainage below the diaphragm.
Transonic wave drag estimation and optimization using the nonlinear area rule

Nonlinear area ruling procedures based on the transonic slender body and lift-dominated theories are described as a means of providing low-cost wave drag estimates and optima for basepoint definition. The computational implementation is capable of accurately predicting drag rise of realistic configurations and shows applicability to moderate supersonic Mach numbers. An analogy between the zero-lift and liftdominated case establishes a basis for sizeable wave drag due to lift reduction through planform and sectional shaping. Results illustrating the potential benefits are shown for a fighter configuration in which a small movement of the maximum thickness location of the equivalent body of revolution with the volume fixed gives a fourfold reduction in zero-lift wave drag. This benefit can be translated into similar reductions in transonic wave drag due to lift.
Slouching Toward Integrated Health Care

Cite this article as: James C. Robinson Slouching Toward Integrated Health Care Health Affairs 14, no.1 (1995):313-316 doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.14.1.313 The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is available at: http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/14/1/31 3.citation For Reprints, Links & Permissions : http://content.healthaf fairs.org/1340_reprint s.php Email Alertings : http://content.healthaffairs.o rg/subscriptions/etoc.dtl Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution Downloaded from http://content.healthaffairs.org/ by Health Affairs on May 29, 2016 by HW Team At the Intersection of Health, Health Care and Policy
A machine‐independent linker

Linkers, although a well-established component of language translation, are typically machine-dependent, idiosyncratic, and hard for many users to understand. This paper describes a machine-independent linker and object language. The linker embodies those linking functions that are machine-independent and centralizes them in a single tool, simplifying compilers, assemblers, and loaders. Included are descriptions of its operation, implementation, and application.
Aging grace: Treatments of the aged in the arts

Abstract Faith, human relationships, and basic existential concerns are as important as physical and psychological well-being of the aged. Drawing heavily from the arts and humanities, this paper examines the nature of these issues, their special place in the lives of the aged, and ways that health professionals, laypersons, and family members can recognize, respect, and contribute to them.
Intravascular Lymphoma Involving the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems in a Dog

A 5-year-old, castrated male mixed-breed dog was presented for paraparesis, ataxia, hyperesthesia, and thrombocytopenia of 5 months’ duration and recurrent seizures during the preceding 2 weeks. Multifocal neurological, ophthalmological, pulmonary, and cardiac diseases were identified. Magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis supported a tentative diagnosis of neoplastic or inflammatory disease. A computed tomography-guided biopsy provided both cytopathological and histopathological evidence of intravascular lymphoma. The disease progressed despite chemotherapy with prednisone, L-asparginase, and vincristine. Postmortem histopathological examinations suggested intravascular lymphoma in the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in multiple other organ systems. This is the first description of an antemortem diagnosis and treatment of intravascular lymphoma involving the central nervous system of a dog.