cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Development of a Network Infrastructure for Heterogeneous Robot and Control Systems Interactions

The use of robots in complex tasks such as search and rescue operations is becoming more and more common. These robots often work independently with no cooperation with other robots or control software, and are very limited in their ability to perform dynamic tasks and interact with both humans and other robots. To this end, a system must be developed to facilitate the cooperation of heterogeneous robots to complete complex tasks. To model and study human-robot and robot-robot interactions in a multi-system environment, a robust network infrastructure must be implemented to support the broad nature of these studies. The work presented here details the creation of a cloud-based infrastructure designed to support the introduction and implementation of multiple heterogeneous robots to the environment utilizing the Robot Operating System (ROS). Implemented robots include both ground-based (e.g. Turtlebot) and air-based (e.g Parrot ARDrone2.0) systems. Additional hardware is also implemented, such as embedded vision systems, host computers to support virtual machines for software implementation, and machines with graphics processing units (GPUs) for additional computational resources. Control software for the robots is implemented in the system with complexities ranging from simple teleoperation to skeletal tracking and neural network simulators. A robust integration of multiple heterogeneous components, including both hardware and software, is achieved.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Local Structural Changes of Ion Damaged InGaAs

Ion damage and amorphization behavior in InGaAs with InAs mole fractions in the range of 0 to 50%are studied. We found that the degree of dynamic annealing increases as the InAs mole fraction increases in the InGaAs when the implantation is carried out at room temperature (RIT). Extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements reveal that in the amorphous state the InAs nearest neighbor distance, RIn-As is very different from that in the crystalline InGaAs and is ∼0.01 A longer than that in pure crystalline InAs. For RT implanted materials, before a complete amorphous layer is formed, the RIn-As remains close to its crystalline value even when the layer is heavily damaged. A sudden increase of the RIn-As is observed when a complete amorphous layer is formed. The behavior of the measured values of RIn-As for InGaAs implanted with various doses, indicates that at RT the formation of amorphous InGaAs occurs by the simultaneous nucleation of the amorphous phase when the critical free energy in the damage layer is exceeded. At liquid nitrogen temperature, when dynamic annealing is negligible, the RIn-As value increases as the damage in the layer increases, suggesting that the amorphous InGaAs is formed by the accumulation and overlapping of amorphous zones created along the individual ion tracks.
Antimelanoma CTL recognizes peptides derived from an ORF transcribed from the antisense strand of the 3′ untranslated region of TRIT1

Noncoding regions of the genome play an important role in tumorigenesis of cancer. Using expression cloning, we have identified a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)–defined antigen that recognizes a protein sequence derived from an open reading frame transcribed from the reverse strand in the 3′ untranslated region of tRNA isopentenyltransferase 1 (TRIT1). A peptide derived from this open reading frame (ORF) sequence and predicted to bind to HLA-B57, sensitized HLA-B57+ tumor cells to lysis by CTL793. The peptide also induced a CTL response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patient 793 and in two other melanoma patients. The CTL lysed peptide-pulsed HLA-B57+ target cells and melanoma cells with endogenous antigen expression. The recognition of this antigen is not limited to HLA-B57-restricted CTLs. An HLA-A2 peptide derived from the ORF was able to induce CTLs in PBMC of 2 HLA-A2+ patients. This study describes for the first time a CTL-defined melanoma antigen that is derived from an ORF on the reverse strand of the putative tumor suppressor gene TRIT1. This antigen has potential use as a vaccine or its ability to induce CTLs in vitro could be used as a predictive biomarker.
Ignition in Al-Fe2O3 Nanocomposites

We demonstrated a novel approach to fabricate a self-assembled array of energetic nanocomposites which undergo an exothermic reaction at high temperature. The nanocomposites are a mixture of fuel and oxidizer materials where one of the components (fuel or oxidizer) is in the form of an array of nanowires embedded in the other component (oxidizer or fuel) which is in the form of a thin film. Our fabrication approach allows for a very high packing density of the nanocomposites, precise control of oxidizer-fuel sizes at the nanoscale level and intimate mechanical contact between oxidizer and fuel. Such nanocomposites will have important applications in novel energetic devices, for example MEMS-based fuzes, nanoexplosives and in applications requiring light-weight, single-use energy sources.
Integrals associated with Ramanujan and elliptic functions

We evaluate in closed form certain classes of infinite integrals containing trigonometric and hyperbolic trigonometric functions in their integrands. Although not apparent, the integrals are related to Jacobian elliptic functions, in particular, to theorems found in Ramanujan’s notebooks. One of our evaluations answers a question first posed by M. E. H. Ismail.
Amorphous In–Ga–Zn Oxide Semiconducting Thin Films with High Mobility from Electrochemically Generated Aqueous Nanocluster Inks

Solution processing is a scalable means of depositing large-area electronics for applications in displays, sensors, smart windows, and photovoltaics. However, solution routes typically yield films with electronic quality inferior to traditional vacuum deposition, as the solution precursors contain excess organic ligands, counterions, and/or solvent that leads to porosity in the final film. We show that electrolysis of aq. mixed metal nitrate salt solutions drives the formation of indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) precursor solutions, without purification, that consist of ∼1 nm radii metal–hydroxo clusters, minimal nitrate counterions, and no organic ligands. Films deposited from cluster precursors over a wide range of composition are smooth (roughness of 0.24 nm), homogeneous, dense (80% of crystalline phase), and crack-free. The transistor performance of IGZO films deposited from electrochemically synthesized clusters is compared to those from the starting nitrate salt solution, sol–gel precursors, and, a...
Clinical neuropharmacology of sleep.

Sleep results from a complex interaction with other physiological (e.g., cardiovascular, thermal, and endocrine) processes as well as pathologic conditions. Pharmacologic agents may alter sleep by action at sleepregulatory sites, or by affecting other physiologic systems that in turn interact with sleep.
The effect of Mind Body Medicine course on medical student empathy: a pilot study.

Introduction : Empathy among medical practitioners has been shown to affect patient care and outcomes. Factors such as stress and depression are known to have a negative impact on medical student empathy. Approaches such as mindfulness, meditation, and other mind–body techniques can enhance empathy and reverse burnout symptoms. In the present study, we evaluated impact of Mind Body Medicine (MBM) course on perceived stress and empathy on first-year medical students. Methods : Thirteen first-year medical students in total self-selected into MBM (experimental) and seven non-MBM (control) groups completed a prospective, pre- and post-test analysis, using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy – Students (JSPE-S), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ) to evaluate empathy, stress, and depression, respectively. Results : Our results showed an increase in stress, as well as a decrease in empathy, in both MBM and non-MBM groups throughout the course of the study. Conclusion : Our study demonstrated that the inverse relationship increased stress and decreased empathy among first-year medical students and participation in the MBM course did not attenuate the changes. However, a statistically significant rise in the depression score in the non-MBM group was not observed in the MBM group. Keywords: empathy; stress; medical education; mind body medicine (Published: 27 June 2016) Citation: Med Educ Online 2016, 21: 31196 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/meo.v21.31196
Critiques of the seismic hypothesis and the vegetation stabilization hypothesis for the formation of Mima mounds along the western coast of the U.S.

Abstract A recent paper published in Geomorphology by Gabet et al. (2014) presents the results of a numerical model supporting the hypothesis that burrowing mammals build Mima mounds - small, densely packed hillocks found primarily in the western United States. The model is based on field observations and produces realistic-looking mounds with spatial distributions similar to real moundfields. Alternative explanations have been proposed for these Mima mounds, including formation by seismic shaking and vegetation-controlled erosion and deposition. In this short communication, we present observations from moundfields in the coastal states of the western U.S. that are incompatible with these alternative theories.
Evolution and Escalation of an Emergency Department Routine, Opt-out HIV Screening and Linkage-to-Care Program.

Objective.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended emergency department (ED) opt-out HIV screening since 2006. Routine screening can prove challenging due to the ED's complexity and competing priorities. This study examined the implementation and evolution of a routine, integrated, opt-out HIV screening program at an urban academic ED in Alabama since August 2011.Methods.ED routine, opt-out HIV screening was implemented as a standard of care in September 2011. To describe the outcomes and escalation of the screening program, data analyses were performed from three separate data queries: (1) encounter-level HIV screening questionnaire and test results from September 21, 2011, through December 31, 2013; (2) test-level, fourth-generation HIV results from July 9 through December 31, 2013; and (3) daily HIV testing rates and trends from September 9, 2011, through June 30, 2014.Results.Of the 46,385 HIV screening tests performed, 252 (0.5%) were confirmed to be positive. Acute HIV infectio...
Introduction Nursing Mothers and Sanctified Sisters: Women’s Political Behavior after the Restoration

After many weeks of listening to the “strong opinions” of Tabitha Smith, an Oxford glover named Richard Crutch decided to go to the authorities. In February 1686, he traveled to London and out of his “duty to his majesty” accused Smith of treasonable activity. She had come from the West Country to live with Richard and his wife, Katherine, about a month ago. Loquacious and opinionated, Smith had told them a fraught tale of daring and escape. Her husband, James, had joined the rebel leader, the Duke of Monmouth, at Lyme and had sent word to her in Taunton that she and their servants should prepare to provide horses and provisions for the rebellion. Tabitha Smith joined Monmouth’s army and saw action at Phillips-Norton where she herself commanded a company of horse. After the rebels’ defeat at Sedgemoor, Smith escaped back to Taunton “wearing men’s clothes” to secure what goods she had left. Colonel Kirke’s regiment came “speedily after.” Smith hid what she could, borrowed money from a shopkeeper in Bristol and made it to Oxford. Since Smith practiced the same trade as the Crutches, they had taken her into their home. But her bold talk soon made Richard apprehensive, and he regretted it. Smith swore that the Duke of Monmouth was still alive and would come again with 40,000 men. She boasted of having been entertained by a kinsman of the Earl of Derby’s in Lancashire, where they were raising money in preparation for Monmouth’s return.1
Efficiency of endoscopy units can be improved with use of discrete event simulation modeling

Background and study aims: The projected increased demand for health services obligates healthcare organizations to operate efficiently. Discrete event simulation (DES) is a modeling method that allows for optimization of systems through virtual testing of different configurations before implementation. The objective of this study was to identify strategies to improve the daily efficiencies of an endoscopy center with the use of DES. Methods: We built a DES model of a five procedure room endoscopy unit at a tertiary-care university medical center. After validating the baseline model, we tested alternate configurations to run the endoscopy suite and evaluated outcomes associated with each change. The main outcome measures included adequate number of preparation and recovery rooms, blocked inflow, delay times, blocked outflows, and patient cycle time. Results: Based on a sensitivity analysis, the adequate number of preparation rooms is eight and recovery rooms is nine for a five procedure room unit (total 3.4 preparation and recovery rooms per procedure room). Simple changes to procedure scheduling and patient arrival times led to a modest improvement in efficiency. Increasing the preparation/recovery rooms based on the sensitivity analysis led to significant improvements in efficiency. Conclusions: By applying tools such as DES, we can model changes in an environment with complex interactions and find ways to improve the medical care we provide. DES is applicable to any endoscopy unit and would be particularly valuable to those who are trying to improve on the efficiency of care and patient experience.
Effect of natural organic matter on the photo-induced toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) is the most widely used form of nanoparticles in commercial industry and comes in 2 main configurations: rutile and anatase. Rutile TiO2 is used in ultraviolet (UV) screening applications, whereas anatase TiO2 crystals have a surface defect that makes them photoreactive. There are numerous reports in the literature of photo-induced toxicity to aquatic organisms following coexposure to anatase nano-TiO2 and UV. All natural freshwater contains varying amounts of natural organic matter (NOM), which can drive UV attenuation and quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aquatic ecosystems. The present research examined how NOM alters the photo-induced toxicity of anatase nano-TiO2 . Daphnia magna neonates were coexposed to NOM and photoexcited anatase nano-TiO2 for 48 h. Natural organic matter concentrations as low as 4 mg/L reduced anatase nano-TiO2 toxicity by nearly 100%. These concentrations of NOM attenuated UV by <10% in the exposure system. However, ROS production measured using a fluorescence assay was significantly reduced in a NOM concentration--dependent manner. Taken together, these data suggest that NOM reduces anatase nano-TiO2 toxicity via an ROS quenching mechanism and not by attenuation of UV. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1661-1666. © 2016 SETAC.
Multiple Myeloma (MM) Is Characterized by Genomic Instability Regardless of Ploidy Categories and Degree of Karyotypic Complexity Is an Important Prognostic Factor.

MM is characterized by widespread genomic instability. Two broad genetic subtypes of MM defined by ploidy exist. Hyperdiploid MM (H-MM) is characterized by trisomies of chromosome 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, and 19, and generally lacked primary translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus (IgH) whereas the non-hyperdiploid MM (NH-MM) is characterized by primary IgH translocations such as t(11;14), t(4;14) and t(14;16). Using high-density array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH, Agilent 44K array), we catalogued the different aberrations on each chromosome arm and also the total number of aberrations per tumor (NAPT), as an indication of the degree of genomic instability, in a large cohort of 194 MM patients. Both H-MM and NH-MM have high number of genomic aberrations, 15.8±7.5 (mean ± standard deviation) versus 20.6±17.0 respective. NH-MM has significantly more genomic losses (11.8±11.0 versus 4.1±3.8), whereas H-MM has slightly more genomic gains (11.7±5.0 versus 8.8±9.0). Most of the abnormalities in NH-MM are structural abnormalities whereas they are mainly whole chromosome abnormalities in H-MM. Based on these abnormalities, we cluster the patients using hierarchical clustering. The 2 main branch of the resulting dendogram delineate hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid patients. Sub-clusters of each ploidy subtype are apparent. For H-MM, a cluster with mainly trisomies, including that of chromosome 21, and another cluster with additional deletions (13, 16q, and less trisomy 21 and trisomy 11) were apparent. For NH-MM, a group with 1q amplification and 13 deletion, which also tend to have loss of chromosome 4, 6q, 16q and 14, and another group with little abnormalities or just 6q loss, and chromosome 13 and 14 loss were identified. We identified some genetic difference between NH-MM and H-MM in additional to known difference such as the trisomies and chromosome 13 deletion. Loss of chromosome 4 (18% versus 0.9%, p<0.0001), loss of chromosome 14 (33% versus 16%, p=0.02) and loss of chromosome 22 (21% versus 4%, p=0.0008) are more common in NH-MM. Based on the distribution of NAPT, a cut-off of 20 abnormalities per tumor segregate the patients into 2 groups with significantly different survival. Those with greater NAPT have significantly shorter survival (median overall survival of 20 months versus 88 months, Log-rank p=0.006). There is no correlation between NAPT and ploidy or presence of chromosome 1 abnormalities suggesting that genomic complexity itself is associated with survival. Our study showed that both H-MM and NH-MM are genomically unstable although the pattern of abnormalities is distinct. In addition, based on clustering analysis, new pattern of genetic abnormalities are observed that allow further refinement of the ploidy subtypes. In addition, genomic complexity is also an important prognostic factor.
Intensification of Hyper-CVAD with L-Asparaginase, Vincristine, and Dexamethasone (Augmented Hyper-CVAD) Has Activity in Adult Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).

Abstract Few treatment options exist for adults patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory ALL and prognosis for these pts remains poor. The hyper-CVAD program (fractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone) has been established as an active induction regimen with a 91% CR rate and 5-yr. survival of 39% (Kantarjian et al. JCO 18:547, 2000). Following this lead, we designed an “augmented” hyper-CVAD (AHCVAD) combination intensifying the doses of vincristine, L-asparaginase, and dexamethasone during induction and consolidation. In this phase II study, pts received up to 8 courses of HCVAD alternating with methotrexate and high-dose cytarabine. With each course, pts received L-asparaginase 20,000 units i.v. and vincristine 2 mg i.v. at days 1, 8, and 15 each, and dexamethasone 80 mg i.v./p.o. on days 1–4 and 15–18. From June 2003 to July 2007, 55 pts with relapsed/refractory ALL have been enrolled. Median age was 34 yrs (range 14–70). Forty-one pts (75%) had pre-B ALL (2 pts with isolated CNS disease and one with an isolated testicular mass), 12 (22%) T cell ALL (2 with isolated extramedullary disease), 1 (2%) pt mature B ALL, and 1 (2%) biphenotypic leukemia. Karyotype was diploid in 25 (45%) pts and abnormal in 27 (49%) pts (1 Ph+ ALL). Median number of prior regimens was 1 (1–6). Median remission duration to the initial induction regimen was 11.5 mos (1–68). Seven (13%) pts were primary refractory. Forty-nine pts are evaluable for response (1 too early, 5 off study for toxicity or pt choice). Twenty-two (45%) pts achieved CR, 3 (6%) PR, and 4 (8%) hematologic improvement (HI). Median remission duration following AHCVAD was 4.75 mos (range, 0.2–45.5+). Twelve (24%, 8 in CR, 1 in PR, 1 with HI) pts proceeded to receive a stem cell transplant. Eight (15%) died while on study from infectious complications. Uncomplicated neutropenic fever was common. Three pts (5%) were intolerant to L-asparaginase and had to be taken off study early. Intensification of hyper-CVAD with asparaginase, vincristine, and dexamethasone is active in ALL salvage producing a CR rate of 45%. Further improvements should include: 1. identification of salvage pts with maximum chance of response; 2. combination with new drugs and attempts to prolong remission duration for these pts.
An Assessment of the Frequency of Palliative Procedures in Thoracic Surgery.

Objectives Palliative care is a medical specialty focused on improving the quality of life of patients and their families with life threatening illness by preventing or relieving suffering. An assessment of a thoracic surgery service was performed to identify the scope and frequency of care that was considered palliative and any implications the findings might have on the current thoracic surgery residency curriculum. Methods A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of general thoracic surgery procedures performed over a 5-year period at a single institution was performed. Procedures considered palliative were reviewed for demographics, diagnoses, palliative prognosis score, treatment, morbidity, operative mortality, and survival. Excluded were referrals from thoracic surgery to other specialties for palliative procedures. Results During the study period, 3842 procedures were performed of which 884 (23%) were palliative. Indications included pleural or pericardial effusion or both, dysphagia, hemoptysis, tracheobronchial obstruction, bronchopleural fistula, and tracheoesophageal fistula. The majority was related to a malignancy. Only 127 patients (14%) had a palliative care assessment before thoracic surgery consultation. Mean survival following thoracic surgery intervention was 110 days for patients with malignancy. Conclusions This investigation found that thoracic surgeons commonly care for patients when the intention or indication or both is palliation. Most of these patients have an associated malignancy, a poor performance status and a projected significantly decreased survival compared with the general population. Thoracic surgeons should be familiar with the concepts of palliative care and consideration should be given to expanding exposure to the principles of palliative care in the cardiothoracic residency training curriculum.
Reevaluating "cluster failure" in fMRI using nonparametric control of the false discovery rate.

In a substantial contribution to the fMRI field, Eklund et al. (1) use nonparametric methods to demonstrate that random field theory (RFT)-based familywise error (FWE) correction for cluster inference does not control errors appropriately, and this discrepancy is more pronounced for lenient cluster-defining thresholds (CDT). Moreover, they point to violations of RFT assumptions as the culprit for this discrepancy. Given these results, how should we interpret existing fMRI literature that used RFT-based, FWE-corrected P values ( p RFT - FWE )? To suggest caution is reasonable but incomplete; we require concrete, quantitative guidelines to enable appropriate calibration of skepticism. Here, we undertake an initial attempt at such guidance. We heed Eklund et al.’s (1) warning and prefer nonparametric null distributions to RFT. However, we focus on the false discovery rate (FDR) (2 … [↵][1]2To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: kesslerd{at}umich.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
The Impact of Sales Demands and Task Variety on Personal Accomplishments, a Multigroup Analysis of Gender and Mentor: An Abstract

Multigroup or between-group analysis is a means of testing predefined data groups to determine if there are significant differences in their group-specific parameter estimates (e.g., outer weights, outer loadings, and path coefficients) (Hair et al. 2016). The ability to identify the presence or absence of multigroup differences strengthens the accuracy of the model estimate which is based on bootstrapping results for every group. Partial least squares multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA) can be instrumental in identifying variations among specified groups within the data set. The current study compares four distinct groups of sales people, females with mentors, females without mentors, males with mentors, and males without mentors using a model that investigates a salesperson’s feeling of personal accomplishment and empathy on customers, as impacted by the variety and level of tasks (skill discretion) and demands (challenge and hindrance) of the sales position. The findings reveal that having a mentor influences the relationship between challenge demands and customer empathy, as well as both challenge and hindrance demands on personal accomplishments, whereas gender does not. However, skill discretion has the greatest impact on personal accomplishment and customer empathy and is not altered by gender or mentor.
The Moderating Role of Centrality on the Association Between Internalized Intimate Partner Violence-Related Stigma and Concealment of Physical IPV

The Intimate Partner Violence Stigmatization Model posits that internalized stigma and centrality of experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) to one's self-concept are two intrapersonal factors that influence concealment of IPV. However, research has yet to empirically examine these relationships. The current study examines whether internalized stigma, centrality, and their interaction are related to how out people are about IPV to others. Participants were 57 men and women who were recruited from a predominately urban Northeast community and indicated that they were concealing experiences of physical IPV from others. Results of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed a significant internalized stigma x centrality interaction on general outness about one's experiences of IPV. Centrality was associated with more outness about experiences of IPV when internalized stigma was low, but had no association with general outness when internalized stigma was high. In other words, people low in internalized stigma were more out to others when IPV centrality was high and less out to others when IPV centrality was low. However, people high in internalized stigma were less out to others about their IPV victimization regardless of the centrality of IPV. We did not find evidence that internalized stigma and centrality predict disclosure to specific close others such as one's parents or siblings. Women were more likely than men to be out about experiences of IPV to their mother and closest friend. Findings have implications for understanding when and why people victimized by IPV reveal or conceal their experiences to others.
Electronic drug delivery systems: An overview

Abstract Patient compliance is an important consideration in designing drug delivery systems which is also driving the advances and innovations in drug delivery. A report by BCC Research, a US – based market research firm, estimates that the global market for advanced drug delivery technologies is poised to grow to approximately $227 billion by 2020. Amongst the various drug delivery technologies, electronic drug delivery systems (EDDS) represents an exciting trend in the development of drug delivery systems that are portable, interactive, wirelessly connected and allow patient-administered therapy reducing overall healthcare cost. Insulin pump is the most commonly used EDDS and captures the largest share of the global EDDS market. The improvement of patient adherence when using prescribed medication is one of the driving force in the development of EDDS. Furthermore, EDDS have shown the potential to provide targeted drug delivery to particular sites in the body. Although various drug delivery devices are available in the market, this review focuses on electronic drug delivery devices. The advantages and disadvantages associated with these devices as well as future perspectives of the EDDS are also discussed.
Understanding Tamoxifen Resistance of Breast Cancer Based on Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches

Global gene expression profiles on tumors are not only useful in developing prognosis signatures but also rich resource for the elucidation of underlying mechanisms related to poor clinical outcome and drug resistance. In this chapter we present a panel of bioinformatics strategies to derive biological insights based on gene expression profiles on estrogen receptor positive breast tumors that were collected prior to adjuvant tamoxifen treatment. The analyses reveal that the tamoxifen resistant tumors are highly proliferative and display a distinctive expression profile for genes related to inflammation and angiogenesis compared to tamoxifen sensitive tumors. The bioinformatics analysis also identifies a set of small molecules that may reverse the tamoxifen resistance in breast tumor.
Mid-Term Outcomes of Dual Mobility Acetabular Cups for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty

Abstract Background This study evaluated (1) survivorship, (2) clinical outcomes, (3) complications, and (4) radiographic outcomes of dual mobility (DM) systems when compared to fixed-bearing prostheses in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods A cohort of 85 patients who underwent revision THA using DM implants were compared to a prior matching cohort of 170 patients who received fixed-bearing implants. Mean follow-up time was 4 years in the DM cohort and 10 years in the fixed-bearing cohort. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess survivorships. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Harris Hip Score (HHS). Complications and radiographs were evaluated and reported at the final follow-up. Results Overall aseptic and all-cause survivorships of the DM cohort were 96.5% and 95.3% compared to 94.7% and 93.5% in fixed-bearing cohort (P = .01 for aseptic and all-cause survivorships). The DM cohort had statistically significant higher survivorship when compared at equivalent follow-up interval in the fixed-bearing cohort. There were 3 aseptic (one due to dislocation) and 1 septic revision in the DM cohort compared to 9 aseptic (6 due to dislocation) and 2 septic revisions in the fixed-bearing cohort. Postoperative HHS scores were 88 and 86 points in the DM and fixed-bearing cohorts. However, the difference in mean improvement in HHS scores from preoperative to postoperative (ΔHHS) was not statistically significant (35 vs 34, P = .533). Except for the aforementioned revisions, there were no progressive radiolucencies or osteolysis on radiographic evaluation in both cohorts. Conclusion DM articulations demonstrated superior survivorship at equal follow-up intervals when compared to fixed-bearing implants and showed a trend toward lower dislocation rates.
Abstract 16192: Abnormal Sinus Node Response Identifies Diabetics at Increased Risk of Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Diabetes is an increasingly prevalent disease that is independently associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), with an urgent need to identify novel risk markers. ...
Linked-List vs Array in Memory: an Unplugged Active Learning Experience (Abstract Only)

Experience for yourself an unplugged active learning experience to understand how arrays are stored in memory differently than linked-lists. You will participate in a short demo just as my students experience this exercise, to gain a fuller understanding of how to apply this in your own classroom. Each student receives a card with a memory address. Inside the card, if it is allocated for a linked list then there is a letter and a next pointer; if it is part of an array there is just the letter. First the students with addresses for the array stand up; acknowledge how they are all contiguous in memory. Next, the student with a head pointer stands up and calls out the address they are pointing to. The student with that address on their card stands up, and calls out the address of their pointer. This continues until a student calls out their pointer is NULL. Now acknowledge how distributed through memory a linked-list can be! Come see how powerful learning can be with this physically engaging exercise! Successfully used in classes up to 200 students.
A Case Study of Duplicated Inferior Vena Cava: An Incidental Finding in an Abdominal Vascular Evaluation

Often during routine studies, vascular technologists are confronted with unusual findings. This case presentation describes finding a duplicated inferior vena cava (IVC) in a 43-year-old man with f...
Magnetic Fields and Planetary Systems Formation

The magnetic field of a protostellar disk is a field that permeates the rotating disk of gas and dust about a protostar fromwhich planets may form. Magnetic field lines rotate with the ionized component of the disk material and are subject to an instability that is the likely source of turbulence and viscous drag within a disk. This makes possible the inward accretion of mass from a disk onto its central protostar. It has also been suggested that magnetic forces are responsible for the observed ejection of high-velocity bipolar outflows from protostellar disks.
Human Rights and Legal Pluralism: Introduction to the Special Issue

Despite its prevalence in academic circles both as a sociological and political phenomenon - particularly among anthropologists, lawyers, social scientists and alike - legal pluralism has long been neglected by international organizations and donor agencies which have recognized solely the legal system of the state and systematically refused (on ideological as well as technical grounds) to engage with non-state or informal justice mechanisms. In recent years, however, we have been witnessing a resurgence of interest in legal pluralism outside of the academia, particularly in circles that can be broadly defined as 'programmatic communities'. These seem to be going through a major paradigm shift and gradually switching their lenses away from what Golub (2003) calls the state-centered orthodoxy of rule of law to non-state law and legal systems.
Biosynthesis of Platelet Activating Factor and Related Acetylated Lipids

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is synthesized by either de novo or remodeling enzymes (Snyder, 1995a,b). The remodeling of a preexisting membrane phospholipid, 1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (alkylacyl-GPC), to form PAF can occur via the direct action of a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) or via a stepwise reaction sequence catalyzed by CoA-independent (CoA-ind) or CoA-dependent (CoA-dep) transacylases. Once PAF is synthesized, its acetate moiety can be transferred to other lysophospholipids and fatty alcohols as well as to sphingosine by a CoA-independent transacetylase. The C2-ceramides that are produced are of special interest in view of their known biological activities.
Sinusitis, Rhinitis, Asthma, and the Single Airway Hypothesis

The one airway, one disease hypothesis proposes that the upper and lower airways share the same physiology and histomorphology. Epidemiological clinical studies support a link between rhinosinusitis and asthma. The relationship can occur in both directions, with nasal allergen challenge leading to inflammatory changes in the lower airway and bronchoprovocation studies of the lower airway leading to inflammatory changes in the upper airway. In addition, both similarities and differences exist in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps and asthma. The mechanism for the connection between the upper and lower airways is a matter of great debate. It has been proposed that inflammatory changes in the lower airway may lead to systemic inflammatory effects that play a role in increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Similarly, lower airway inflammatory changes may affect nasal airway patency via systemic effects. Moreover, nasopharyngeal-bronchial reflexes may play a non-immunologic role in the interaction between the lower and upper airways. An example of the connection between the upper and lower airways is found in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease whereby leukotrienes play a role in the pathology of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps and asthma. It is also been observed that the treatment of asthma is hindered by untreated rhinosinusitis.
Constructivist Knowing, Participatory Ethics and Responsive Evaluation: A Model for the 21st Century

To talk about constructivist knowing, participatory ethics, and responsive evaluation is to recognize an extended family kinship pattern among the terms. Constructivist, or naturalistic, evaluation is built upon responsive evaluation and the major break it represents between privileged forms of evaluation practice and the more democratic forms first proposed by Robert Stake. No discussion of constructivist inquiry’s models of knowing can proceed very far without both a recognition of the paradigm’s debt to Stake’s responsive evaluation and without a discussion of the ethical “terms of endearment” that make the practice of responsive evaluation possible (Abma & Stake, 2001). By “terms of endearment”, I mean the agreements, negotiated meanings, and taken-for-granted stances of all participants and stakeholders in evaluation approaches which are responsive, inclusive, and authentically participatory. Terms of endearment are those ethical postures which come as givens; they refer to what Peter Reason has often called “a way of being in the world.”
Pre-operative total parenteral nutrition improves post-operative outcomes in a subset of Crohn's disease patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

Background Despite major advances in the medical management of Crohn's disease (CD), a significant proportion of patients will require surgery within 5 years of diagnosis. Malnutrition is an independent risk factor for adverse post-operative outcomes following gastrointestinal surgery. Data on the value of pre-operative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in CD patients are mixed and there is a paucity of data in the biologic era. We aimed to define the role of pre-operative TPN in this population. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary referral center. CD patients who underwent major abdominal surgery were identified. Patients receiving pre-operative TPN were compared to controls. We compared the incidence of 30-day infectious and non-infectious post-operative complications between the two groups. Results A total of 144 CD patients who underwent major abdominal surgery between March 2007 and March 2017 were included. Fifty-five patients who received pre-operative TPN were compared to 89 controls. Twenty-one (14.6%) patients developed infectious complications (18.2% in TPN group vs 12.3% in non-TPN group, P = 0.34) and 23 (15.9%) developed non-infectious complications (14.5% in TPN group vs 16.9% in non-TPN group, P = 0.71). In a multivariate analysis, controlling for differences in baseline disease severity and malnutrition between groups, patients receiving pre-operative TPN for ≥60 days had significantly lower odds of developing non-infectious complications (odds ratio 0.07, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.80, P = 0.03). Weight loss of >10% in the past 6 months was a significant predictor of post-operative complications. Conclusions In a subset of malnourished CD patients, TPN is safe and allows comparable operative outcomes to controls. Pre-operative TPN for ≥60 days reduced post-operative non-infectious complications without associated increase in infectious complications.
Factors associated with receipt of palliative-only care among survivors with head and neck cancer.

73Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors with end-stage disease may receive multimodal treatment with non-curative intent. However, besides clinical indications for palliative care, there...
FDA Approval Summary: Atezolizumab or Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Ineligible for Cisplatin‐Containing Chemotherapy

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to atezolizumab and pembrolizumab in April and May 2017, respectively, for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who are not eligible for cisplatin-containing chemotherapy. These approvals were based on efficacy and safety data demonstrated in the two single-arm trials, IMvigor210 (atezolizumab) and KEYNOTE-052 (pembrolizumab). The primary endpoint, confirmed objective response rate, was 23.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.2%-32.2%) in patients receiving atezolizumab and 28.6% (95% CI: 24.1%-33.5%) in patients receiving pembrolizumab. The median duration of response was not reached in either study and responses were seen regardless of PD-L1 status. The safety profiles of both drugs were generally consistent with approved agents targeting PD-1/PD-L1. Two ongoing trials (IMvigor130 and KEYNOTE-361) are verifying benefit of these drugs. Based on concerning preliminary reports from these trials, FDA revised the indications for both agents in cisplatin-ineligible patients. Both drugs are now indicated for patients not eligible for any platinum-containing chemotherapy or not eligible for cisplatin-containing chemotherapy and whose tumors/infiltrating immune cells express a high level of PD-L1. The indications for atezolizumab and pembrolizumab in patients who have received prior platinum-based therapy have not been changed. This article summarizes the FDA thought process and data supporting the accelerated approval of both agents and the subsequent revision of the indications. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The accelerated approvals of atezolizumab and pembrolizumab for cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma represent the first approved therapies for this patient population. These approvals were based on single-arm trials demonstrating reasonable objective response rates and favorable durations of response with an acceptable toxicity profile compared with available non-cisplatin-containing chemotherapy regimens. However, based on concerning preliminary reports from two ongoing phase III trials, the FDA revised the indication for both agents in cisplatin-ineligible patients. Both are now indicated either for patients not eligible for any platinum-containing chemotherapy or not eligible for cisplatin-containing chemotherapy and whose tumors have high expression of PD-L1.
Landscape discourses and community garden design: creating community gardens in one mid-sized southern US city

In 2009, First Lady Michelle Obama established a White House Kitchen Garden, echoing Roosevelt’s Victory Garden created in the Second World War. Far more extensive than First Lady Hillary Rodham Cl...
Unsuccessful External Search: Using Neuroimaging to Understand Fruitless Periods of Design Ideation Involving Inspirational Stimuli

This paper uses neuroimaging to provide insight into specific cognitive processes involved in design conceptualization with and without the support of inspirational stimuli. In particular, this work focuses on neural activity during unsuccessful search for a design solution. Twenty-one participants completed a brainstorming task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Class Warfare in the United States, Part 2

The Working Class Majority: America's Best Kept Secret. Michael Zweig. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000. Building More Effective Unions. Paul Clark. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000.
Bringing the R Back to SBAR: A Focused Heart Failure SBAR Tool:

This article describes a quality improvement (QI) project implemented in a home health setting among a population of patients with heart failure (HF). It was discovered there was a lack of nurse-le...
What’s New in Structural Tests for Glaucoma

The management of glaucoma relies on timely detection of progression of optic neuropathy over time; therefore, a reliable, repeatable, and reproducible test of the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer structure is quintessential. The fast-paced improvement in technology has contributed a lot to testing of glaucoma; however, the slow progressive nature of the disease requires consistency of test results and also the comparability of technologies when evaluating patients longitudinally. In this chapter, the novel available OCT technologies for structural testing in glaucoma are presented.
Biological evidence of the presence of different subpopulations of Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) in the Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Abstract Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) is one of the most important crustacean species in terms of landings and commercial value for the Adriatic Sea. In this zone, this stock is composed by two different subpopulations, characterised by different growth features. This study focus on the biology of individuals from the two most important fishing grounds of the area, namely the “off Ancona” area and the Pomo/Jabuka pits. The size at the onset of first maturity (SOM) for both males and females were determined by means of macroscopic techniques: gonad tissue was examined for females, whereas the relation between carapace length and appendix masculina (length and width) was investigated for males. The estimated SOMs underline the differences between these two subpopulations, even if only the relationship between the carapace length and the length of the appendix masculina of the Pomo/Jabuka pits is statistically sound. Males from the Pomo/Jabuka pits mature at carapace length (CL) between 24.33 ± 0.32 and 25.39 ± 0.81 mm, corresponding to the SOM estimated respectively from the length and the width of the appendix masculina. Estimated L50 for females is 21.14 mm CL within the Pomo/Jabuka pits and 30.83 mm CL in the “off Ancona” area. These results underline the fact that the subpopulations living in the “off Ancona” fishing ground matures at bigger length compared to that one inhabiting the Pomo/Jabuka pits. This is in line with the other analysis carried out within this study, that show the presence of larger individuals in the “off Ancona” fishing ground, whereas small individuals characterize the Pomo/Jabuka pits. These differences have to be taken into account when managing this stock.
Life, Law, and New Privacy in a World of Illusions and Manipulations

A major concern about the rapidly progressing erosion of privacy is that it enables manipulation in political, economic, and social realms. While this concern is well grounded, the technologies that magnify these threats also offer promising means for ameliorating the damage to human society they cause. Although greatly increased manipulation by individuals and organizations will surely be a notable feature of society in the future, it is already giving rise to a new kind of privacy. The information opacity necessary for the new forms of privacy is arising and will be magnified through the use of obfuscation, deepfakes, and related methods that are rapidly improving and becoming more widely available.
Assessing Threshold Level of L2 Vocabulary Depth in Reading Comprehension and Incidental Vocabulary Learning

Abstract: This study measures the threshold level of depth of word knowledge in L2 incidental learning and reading comprehension. I administered the Word Associates Test (WAT) (Read, 2004) to measure depth of word knowledge. Based on participants' scores on the WAT, they were divided into three proficiency groups: high proficiency (HP), intermediate proficiency (IP), and low proficiency (LP). As part of data collection, participants were also asked to read a short story and then complete items of the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) (Paribakht & Wesche, 1997) for the 30 chosen target words. To rate incidental vocabulary acquisition, I administered the VKS test with a repeated measure design in a period of one month. Results indicate that (a) the HPs gained more vocabulary by comparison than the IPs and the LPs, (b) the probabilistic threshold level for L2 incidental learning is from 85 to 135 out of 160 on WAT, and (c) no significant role of depth in reading comprehension has been confirmed.