cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fake Profile Identification on Facebook Through SocialMedia App

In today’s life almost everyone is in association with the online social networks. These sites have made drastic changes in the way we pursue our social life. But with the rapid growth of social networks, many problems like fake profiles, online impersonation have also grown. Current announces indicate that OSNs are overspread with abundance of fake user’s profiles, which may menace the user’s security and privacy. In this paper, we propose a model to identify potential fake users on the basis of their activities and profile information. To show the effectiveness of our model, we have developed a Facebook canvas application called “SocialMedia” as a proof of concept. We also conducted an online evaluation of our application among Facebook users to show usability of such apps. The results of evaluation reported that the app successfully identified possible fake friend with accuracy 87.5%.
On Two‐Dimensional Non‐Steady Motion of a Slender Body in a Compressible Fluid

Many problems of aerodynamics involve flow around a slender body. It is known that in such cases a perturbation approach often leads to linear differential equations. Recently, von Karman [1] pointed out that for steady motions in the transonic range, certain non-linear terms have to be retained even in a perturbation theory. This fact was also discussed by C. Kaplan [2] together with a comparison with results of his earlier iteration calculation. Tsien [3] has carried the same point of view to hypersonic flow. Quite recently, I. E. Garrick [4] , during his discussion of flutter in the transonic range, wrote down an equation for the non-steady disturbance potential which contains the same non-linear term as the equation derived by von Karman. Garrick, however, gave no discussion of the size of the different terms for different flow conditions and of the appropriate similarity laws. In this article, we shall present a simple unified treatment of the unsteady two-dimensional polytropic potential flow around a slender body. We shall give for different situations a systematic estimate of the size of the various terms in the differential equation for the velocity potential. This then includes all the known special cases and yields others not discussed by previous authors.
Ultrasonic Backscattering Enhancements for Truncated Objects in Water: Quantitative Models, Tests and Special Cases

This survey is concerned with the scattering of sound in water by objects whose size significantly exceeds the acoustic wavelength. Diffraction from the edges of the object can be important for regions where reflected contributions are weak. Elastic contributions to the scattering, however, can be much larger in magnitude for certain viewing angles than simple edge diffraction. Such elastic contributions can greatly enhance the visibility of truncated cylinders imaged with a sonar [1]. For situations where the dominant elastic contributions are the result of leaky waves excited on truncated objects, an approximation method has been developed [2, 3]. Leaky waves have phase velocities that exceed the speed of sound in water. Examples include Rayleigh waves on metallic objects, the symmetric generalization of Lamb waves on plates and shells, and (at sufficiently high frequencies) the lowest antisymmetric generalization of a Lamb wave. This type of scattering enhancement has been measured by us for metallic tilted bluntly truncated cylinders [4, 5, 6] and cubes [7] and glass disks. For most of these examples, the leaky wave is significantly attenuated upon traveling the length of the scatterer. As a consequence of that damping, the quality factor Q is small for the global modes associated with the reverberations of the leaky waves between truncations on the object.
Recognition and treatment of mood dysregulation in adults with intellectual disability

Abstract Mood dysregulation is a common feature in the psychopathology of people with intellectual disability (ID) and co-occurring behavioral/psychiatric disorders. It can present with a host of d...
Hardware Obfuscation of AES through Finite Field Construction Variation

To protect intellectual property, hardware obfuscation is necessary to conceal the implemented function. Besides logic-level approaches, hardware obfuscation can be done through algorithmic modifications. Prior algorithmic obfuscations address signal processing systems and those with variable data flow. This paper focuses on the obfuscation of systems based on finite field arithmetic, which are broadly adopted in digital communications. Netlists of hardware units with different field constructions are first analyzed to evaluate possible attacks. Taking into account the specifics of the computations in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, optimized schemes are proposed to efficiently introduce obfuscation keys utilizing the variation of finite field construction. For an example pipelined fully-unrolled AES encryptor, the proposed scheme leads to 480 bits of obfuscation key with 3% area overhead without sacrificing the throughput. The proposed obfuscation method can be also extended to other algorithms involving finite field arithmetic.
Iron deficiency anemia associated with extracorporeal photopheresis: A retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is associated with few adverse effects. We have anecdotally noted patients treated with long-term ECP develop iron deficiency anemia (IDA). METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of adult patients who received ECP for any indication at Mayo Clinic Rochester and Mayo Clinic Arizona. The primary objective was to describe the cumulative incidence of IDA at 1 year of ECP therapy. RESULTS A total of 123 patients were eligible for analysis. Graft-vs-host disease was the most common indication for ECP (n = 76, 61.8%). At 1 year of ECP therapy, the cumulative incidence of IDA was 24.1% (95% CI, 14.2%-32.9%). At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of IDA was 68.3% (95% CI, 38%-83.8%). Risk factors for the development of IDA included: cumulative number of ECP sessions (HR 1.34, 95% CI, 1.05-1.73 per 10 additional sessions, P = .022), an indication for ECP of solid organ transplant rejection (compared to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, HR 5.46, 95% CI, 2.06-14.49, P < .001), and proton pump inhibitor use at baseline (HR 2.15, 95% CI, 1.1-4.21, P = .03). Iron supplementation was initiated in 29 of 37 evaluable patients who developed IDA, with a cumulative incidence of supplementation in 77.2% patients within 3 months of recognition of IDA (95% CI, 55.8%-88.3%). Hemoglobin normalized in 50.1% of patients started on iron supplementation for IDA within 7 months (95% CI, 25.2%-66.7%). CONCLUSIONS Iron deficiency anemia is common in patients receiving long-term ECP and occurs throughout ECP therapy. IDA resolved with iron supplementation in half of patients.
Cannabis Legalization: Dealing with the Black Market

This paper discusses how states that have legalized the recreational use of cannabis are struggling to subdue the black market. One of the goals of legalization was to defeat the black market and create a safer legal market for cannabis products. However, the black market still persists today, and in many states, it is actually dominating the legal market. This paper analyzes several reasons why consumers choose the black market, and it discusses several advantages black-market producers have over the legal market. Finally, this paper offers several possible solutions to this problem, such as working with the black market and decreasing barriers to entry in the legal market.
Optimal Pricing in Markets with Nonconvex Costs

We consider a market run by an operator who seeks to satisfy a given consumer demand for a commodity by purchasing the needed amount from a group of competing suppliers with nonconvex cost functions. The operator knows the suppliers’ cost functions and announces a price/payment function for each supplier, which determines the payment to that supplier for producing different quantities. Each supplier then makes an individual decision about how much to produce, in order to maximize its own profit. The key question is how to design the price functions. To that end, we propose a new pricing scheme, which is applicable to general nonconvex costs, and allows using general parametric pricing functions. Optimizing for the quantities and the price parameters simultaneously, and the ability to use general parametric pricing functions allows our scheme to find prices that are typically economically more efficient and less discriminatory than those of the existing schemes. In addition, we supplement the proposed method with a polynomial-time approximation algorithm, which can be used to approximate the optimal quantities and prices. Our framework extends to the case of networked markets, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been considered in previous work.
Transitioning Out of Selling Sex

This book reviews empirical literature on a number of psychological concepts related to selling sex. The goals of the book and the boundaries of what is included can be found in Chap. 1. In brief, this book focuses on private, in-person, consensual sex acts exchanged between a cisgender woman and a paying customer. Research on men, minors, and victims of sex trafficking are deliberately excluded, unless otherwise noted. The review favors peer-reviewed sources of research and is most inclusive of comparative studies. Qualitative findings are used illustratively. In this chapter, we review why and how women stop selling sex. Like other topics, this one is not without controversy. The research literature indicates the extent to which women want to transition out of selling sex, and their rationales for doing so, tend to vary depending on their work environment. We begin by exploring the many reasons women initiate a transition out of selling sex. These include single push and pull factors, as well as combinations of factors. We also review conceptual models of the transition process and discuss the barriers women may encounter when transitioning out of selling sex. We conclude by discussing factors that may facilitate successful transitions.
Rewiring the specificity of extra-cytoplasmic function sigma factors

SUMMARYBacterial genomes are being sequenced at an exponentially increasing rate, but our inability to decipher their transcriptional wiring limits our ability to derive new biology from these sequences. De novo determination of regulatory interactions requires accurate prediction of regulators’ DNA binding and precise determination of biologically significant binding sites. Here, we address these challenges by solving the DNA-specificity code of extra-cytoplasmic function sigma factors (ECF σs), a major family of bacterial regulators, and determining their regulons. We generated an aligned collection of ECF σs and their promoters by leveraging the auto-regulatory nature of ECF σs as a means of promoter discovery and analyzed it to identify and characterize the conserved amino acid – nucleotide interactions that determine promoter specificity. This enabled de novo prediction of ECF σ specificity, which we combined with a statistically rigorous phylogenetic foot-printing pipeline based on precomputed orthologs to predict the direct targets of ∼67% of ECF σs. This global survey indicated that ECF σs play varied roles: some are global regulators controlling many genes throughout the genome that are important under many conditions, while others are local regulators, controlling few closely linked genes in response to specific stimuli. This analysis reveals important organizing principles of bacterial gene regulation and presents a conceptual and computational framework for deciphering gene regulatory networks.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.View Full Text
Exploring chemical reactions in a quantum degenerate gas of polar molecules via complex formation

A recent experiment [L. De Marco, G. Valtolina, K. Matsuda, W. G. Tobias, J. P. Covey, and J. Ye, A degenerate Fermi gas of polar molecules, Science 363, 853 (2019)] reported for the first time the preparation of a Fermi degenerate gas of polar molecules and observed a suppression of their chemical reaction rate compared to the one expected from a treatment assuming classical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. While it was hypothesized that the suppression in the ultracold regime had its roots in the Fermi statistics of the molecules, this argument is inconsistent with the fact that the Fermi pressure should set a lower bound for the chemical reaction rate. Here we develop a simple model of chemical reactions that occur via the formation and decay of molecular complexes. We indeed find that pure two-body molecule losses are unable to explain the observed suppression. Instead we extend our description beyond two-body physics by including multibody complex-molecule interactions. Although our model is able to quantitatively reproduce recent experimental observations, it requires parameters physically unlikely for direct microscopic interactions. The underlying processes, however, might emerge effectively from many-body or medium effects. A detailed understanding of the direct microscopic mechanisms responsible for these higher-order interaction processes is therefore still pending.
Linguistic analysis of empathy in medical school admission essays.

Objectives This study aimed to determine whether words used in medical school admissions essays can predict physician empathy. Methods A computational form of linguistic analysis was used for the content analysis of medical school admissions essays. Words in medical school admissions essays were computationally grouped into 20 'topics' which were then correlated with scores on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. The study sample included 1,805 matriculants (between 2008-2015) at a single medical college in the North East of the United States who wrote an admissions essay and completed the Jefferson Scale of Empathy at matriculation. Results After correcting for multiple comparisons and controlling for gender, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy scores significantly correlated with a linguistic topic (r = .074, p < .05). This topic was comprised of specific words used in essays such as "understanding," "compassion," "empathy," "feeling," and "trust." These words are related to themes emphasized in both theoretical writing and empirical studies on physician empathy. Conclusions This study demonstrates that physician empathy can be predicted from medical school admission essays. The implications of this methodological capability, i.e. to quantitatively associate linguistic features or words with psychometric outcomes, bears on the future of medical education research and admissions. In particular, these findings suggest that those responsible for medical school admissions could identify more empathetic applicants based on the language of their application essays.
Investigations of the Non-Linear LMC Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation with Testimator and Schwarz Information Criterion Methods

In this paper, we investigate the linearity versus non-linearity of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) Cepheid period-luminosity (P-L) relation using two statistical approaches not previously applied to this problem: the testimator method and the Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC). The testimator method is extended to multiple stages for the first time, shown to be unbiased and the variance of the estimated slope can be proved to be smaller than the standard slope estimated from linear regression theory. The Schwarz Information Criterion (also known as the Bayesian Information Criterion) is more conservative than the Akaike Information Criterion and tends to choose lower order models. By using simulated data sets, we verify that these statistical techniques can be used to detect intrinsically linear and/or non-linear P-L relations. These methods are then applied to independent LMC Cepheid data sets from the OGLE project and the MACHO project, respectively. Our results imply that there is a change of slope in longer period ranges for all of the data sets. This strongly supports previous results, obtained from independent statistical tests, that the observed LMC P-L relation is non-linear with a break period at/around 10 days.
How do Ordinary Coding Errors Contribute to Security Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability studies show that about two thirds of vulnerabilities are the result of ordinary coding errors, not security-specific flaws. But other studies have found little or no correlation between bugs and later vulnerabilities. How can both lines of research be correct? If most vulnerabilities are caused by regular coding errors, why isn’t there a stronger correlation between the two? In this talk, we’ll show that there really is no conflict, and the explanation points to ways of reducing ordinary errors as well as security flaws.
Pediatric Trainees as Parents: Perspectives from a Pandemic.

Abstract Objectives Resident parents are at the intersection of converging challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and their perspective has yet to be explored. This qualitative study aimed to identify themes related to the experience of pediatric resident parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We performed semistructured interviews with pediatric residents who were also parents. Using thematic analysis, transcripts were analyzed iteratively until theoretical sufficiency was achieved. Results Twelve residents were interviewed from 9 pediatric residency programs. Five major themes, representing conflicts or tensions experienced by participants, were defined by the data: 1) Duty as a doctor versus duty as a parent; 2) Balance of work obligations versus childcare challenges; 3) Appreciation of added support versus worry about peers’ perceptions of accommodations; 4) Gratitude for the recognition of challenges faced by resident parents versus fear of reversion to the norm; and 5) Protective impact of parenthood versus challenges to mental health. Conclusions Both parents and healthcare workers faced innumerable challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this exploration of the experiences of pediatric resident parents provides a unique lens for examining the tensions that this group faced. Our results may allow residency programs to better support their pediatric resident parents during this crisis.
Not all clicks are equal: detecting engagement with digital content

Clickstream data recording each click that each individual user makes on a media website has become the currency for evaluating digital platforms in order to maximise advertising and/or subscriptio...
Ketamine decreases HPA axis reactivity to a novel stressor in male but not female mice

Ketamine is an antidepressant drug that interacts with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, but whether this interaction is important for its behavioral effect is unknown. The goal of this experiment was to determine whether the behavioral response to ketamine depends on intact HPA axis function. Male and female C57BL/6J mice underwent chronic unpredictable stress prior to ketamine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle treatment, with or without the glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor metyrapone (20 mg/kg, i.p.) to block adrenal corticosterone production. Mice were tested in the forced swim test (FST) and open field test one and two days after injection, respectively. Fecal corticosterone was measured at select time points. No significant drug effects on behavior were observed. Males consistently had higher fecal corticosterone levels and stress-induced increases than females. Ketamine lowered the fecal corticosterone response to the FST only in males. These data show that ketamine after chronic stress decreases the corticosterone response to a novel stressor (the FST) in males, but not females. Corticosterone levels in all mice correlated with immobility in the FST, suggesting that shared neural circuitry could mediate both endocrine and behavioral responses. This circuitry may be ketamine-responsive only in males.
Towards self-reflecting machines: two-minds in one robot

We introduce a technique that allows a robot to increase its resiliency and learning skills by exploiting a process akin to self-reflection. A robot contains two controllers: A pure reactive innate controller, and a reflective controller that can observe, model and control the innate controller. The reflective controller adapts the innate controller without access to the innate controller's internal state or architecture; Instead, it models it and then synthesizes filters that exploit its existing capabilities for new situations. In this paper we explore a number of scenarios where the innate controller is a recurrent neural network. We demonstrate significant adaptation ability with relatively few physical trials.
CONTRAlign: discriminative training for protein sequence alignment

In this paper, we present CONTRAlign, an extensible and fully automatic framework for parameter learning and protein pairwise sequence alignment using pair conditional random fields. When learning a substitution matrix and gap penalties from as few as 20 example alignments, CONTRAlign achieves alignment accuracies competitive with available modern tools. As confirmed by rigorous cross-validated testing, CONTRAlign effectively leverages weak biological signals in sequence alignment: using CONTRAlign, we find that hydropathy-based features result in improvements of 5-6% in aligner accuracy for sequences with less than 20% identity, a signal that state-of-the-art hand-tuned aligners are unable to exploit effectively. Furthermore, when known secondary structure and solvent accessibility are available, such external information is naturally incorporated as additional features within the CONTRAlign framework, yielding additional improvements of up to 15-16% in alignment accuracy for low-identity sequences.
Design for Resilience: mitigation, adaptation and transformative design

From case studies of highly capitalized, architect-designed buildings confronted by natural and manmade disasters of the last decade, this paper extracts exemplary cases ofmitigation, adaption, transformation design (before, during, and after) disaster instances globally. Based on resilience attributes from biology and complexity theories (Zolli and Healy,2012), these cases, prepared with graduate students in courses on resilience and research methods, examine attributes that map onto architecture (i.e., simple cores/complex edges, modularity, etc.). Cases question how architects and designers can begin to address other resilience attributes that architecture does not (i.e. capacity for flocking/swarming). Disaster mitigation strategies of Ito and Suzuki in Sendai, Japan, adaptation design with shipping containers during 5000 earthquakes aftershocks period (2011-2012) in Christchurch, New Zealand, and transformative design strategies that changed the identity of Greensburg, Kansas via LEED designed buildings are cases abbreviated in the paper. Third, architects’ roles before and after disasters have become well defined. In contrast, roles during disasters are absent from the literature and practice of architecture. Efforts to better ascertain critical roles for architects during relatively predictable disaster events (i.e. hurricanes, wildfire, storm surge, sea level rise, etc.) are next.
Becoming Fully Human: The Promotion of Meaning and Spirituality in Professional Relationships and Contexts

Coaching with Meaning and Spirituality by Peter Hyson is one of several titles comprising the series Essential Coaching Skills and Knowledge. It is intended to be an introduction to the realm of me...
Moderate wine consumption is associated with lower hemostatic and inflammatory risk factors over 8 years: The study of women's health across the nation (SWAN).

Moderate wine consumption has been associated with reduced cardiovascular (CV) risk, but most investigations have been conducted in Caucasian populations. To investigate the relationship of wine consumption to CV risk markers, we studied a multi-ethnic sample of middle-aged, healthy women (N = 2900; 48% white, 28% black, 7% Hispanic, 8% Chinese, 9% Japanese) participating in SWAN over 7 years with repeated assessments of CV risk factors. Consumption of wine was stable and common with 20% reporting none, 69% light ( 1/day). To guard against underreporting, we took the maximum reported wine consumption over 7 years as the predictor. We used mixed models with a random intercept and random time to assess the relationship between wine consumption and CV risk factors with moderate consumption as the reference. Outcome variables were log-transformed where necessary. Longitudinal models were adjusted for ethnicity, age, and time-varying menopausal status, hormone therapy use, overall alcohol consumption, high density lipoprotein (HDL), statin use, and a healthy lifestyle score based on physical activity, not smoking, and weight maintenance. Interactions of wine consumption with time were not significant. Moderate wine consumers had significantly lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP, p < .001), fibrinogen (p < .001), factor VII (p < .01), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1, p < .05) than women who drank no or little wine. These associations were independent of significant effects of healthy lifestyle and overall alcohol consumption and similar across ethnic groups. Moderate wine consumption may protect against CVD via inflammatory and clotting pathways.
Agricultural Trends in the Old Cotton Belt

Publisher Summary Far-reaching changes have occurred in the agriculture of the Old Cotton Belt during the past quarter century. Cotton acreage and income have become less important in relation to other enterprises. The increase in the acreage of pasture and in the acreage and production of feed grains and forage crops has been highly significant. Farms have increased in size and declined in numbers. Tractors, other machines, electrical power, improved roads, numerous facilities, and improvements have become prevalent in the area. While total population and industrialization moved ahead, farm population declined. As a result of these and other changes, farm income per farm and per person on farms increased substantially. The future of agriculture in the Old Cotton Belt is not without problems. Nevertheless, the future appears bright if certain trends and changes discussed continue.
Teaching While Black: Witnessing Disciplinary Whiteness, Racial Violence, and Race-Management

Article for LiCS special issue The New Activism: Composition, Literacy Studies, and Politics.
Lidar signal fluctuations caused by beam translation and scan.

Lidar signal fluctuations induced by beam translation and scan cause degradation in range performance. This effect may be characterized by the correlation scale and frequency spectrum. Correlation analysis, numerical simulations, and laboratory measurements are used to derive and verify these quantities, and the results from all three approaches are in very good agreement.
Droplet arrangement and coalescence in diverging/converging microchannels

We experimentally examine the dynamics of droplet assembly and recombination processes in a two-dimensional pore-model system. Monodisperse trains of droplets are formed by focusing streams of immiscible fluids into a square microchannel that is connected to a diverging/converging slit microfluidic chamber. We focus on the limit of dilute emulsions and investigate the formation and stability of crystal-like structures when droplets are hydrodynamically coupled in the chamber. The minimal distance between droplets and the spread of droplet lattices are measured as a function of initial control parameters and the relationship between droplet velocity and trajectory is discussed. We demonstrate that the onset of coalescence depends on both the capillary number based on the viscosity of the external phase and the droplet concentration. The draining time of the thin film between droplets in apparent contact is found to depend on fluid characteristics. Such property allows us to examine the crossover between non-coalescing and coalescing droplet microflows by varying the residence time of the dispersion in the microfluidic chamber. This work characterizes droplet interaction and coalescence phenomena during multiphase transport in a simple extensional microgeometry.
Learning from experience: creating leadership capabilities through computer simulated leadership challenges

Leadership is often described as something that is learned from experience. However, experiences do not often occur within a controlled environment where learning and its impact can be evaluated. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of two types of learning experiences. University students received leadership training of equal length through either Virtual Leader™, a game-based computer simulation, or traditional lecture and case-based training. We examine the performance of the two groups as they participated in the Looking Glass, Inc. ® simulation and draw conclusions about learning and leadership associated with each type of training.
Syntax versus the lexicon : incorporation and compounding in Modern Greek

As a contribution to the long-standing controversy in linguistics concerning the proper role in the grammar of syntax as opposed to the lexicon and of syntax as opposed to morphology, we study here the proposal made by Rivero 1992 that Modern Greek has a productive syntactic rule of Adverb Incorporation, and more generally Argument Incorporation. Based on measures of productivity and on idiosyncrasies in meaning that adverb-plus-verb and object-plus-verb combinations in Greek show, we argue that the phenomena in question are compounds or affixed forms that result from the operation of lexical rules. They are thus quintessentially morphological in nature, rather than syntactic. More generally, we see this outcome as an argument against frameworks in which morphology is collapsed into the syntactic component and in which morphology is not a separate component of grammar
On the nature of the perfluoroalkyl (Rf) effect

Abstract In this paper, we assess the ability of trifluoro-methyl groups to thermodynamically stabilize unsaturated and strained organic species relative to saturated analogues. Theoretical calculations with the STO-3G basis set are utilized in this analysis. The resulting theoretical data, as well as experimental calorimetric data, indicate little stabilization and perhaps some destabilization resulting from the replacement of H by CF3 (CF3 is unambiguously less stabilizing than methyl). This substituent effect is readily explained by dominance in CF3-substituted compounds of an electron-withdrawing inductive effect which destabilizes the unsaturated linkages. We thus conclude that the striking thermal stability of perfluoroalkylated strained rings is completely kinetic in nature. The origins of the kinetic effect are explored.
ACHIEVEMENT OUTCOME, TASK IMPORTANCE, AND EFFORT AS DETERMINANTS OF STUDENT AFFECT

Summary. Seventy-five undergraduate students projected their feelings in eight typical achievement situations. Each student described affective responses to one situation, varying in achievement outcome, task importance, and effort. The 2 × 2 × 2 ANOVA for affective component scores indicated that perceptions of success/failure accounted for most of the affect reported. Small contributions were found for the following: generalised positive or negative affect related to effort exerted; value positively related to task importance; and surprise related to an interaction between effort and outcome. Implications for the Weiner model of attribution are discussed.
Management information systems in planning

A management information system for planning enables the corporation to have a central facility where large amounts of information can be gathered and stored. This information can be rapidly retrieved and updated to assist managers in making decisions. The management information system is capable of evaluating more alternatives than manual methods, can make better and faster decisions and provides timely and accurate information for decision making. Perhaps if more companies are able to fully integrate the finance, marketing, production and personnel functions into an integrated corporate simulation model, they will be better able to determine the effects that changes in internal or external phenomenon will have on their organization.
Mass spectrometric characterization and physiological actions of VPNDWAHFRGSWamide, a novel B type allatostatin in the crab, Cancer borealis

The neural networks in the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion are modulated by neuroactive substances released locally into the neuropil of the stomatogastric ganglion and by circulating hormones released by neuroendocrine structures including the pericardial organs. Using nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we have identified and sequenced a novel B type allatostatin (CbAST-B1), VPNDWAHFRGSWamide, present in the pericardial organs of the crabs, Cancer borealis, and Cancer productus. We describe the physiological actions of CbAST-B1 on the pyloric rhythm of the stomatogastric ganglion of the crab, Cancer borealis. CbAST-B1 reduces the pyloric network frequency in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of bath-applied CbAST-B1 depends on the preceding physiological state of the preparation. Surprisingly, despite marked amino-acid sequence dissimilarity between the novel CbAST-B1 and the A type allatostatin family of peptides (AST-A), the physiological effects of CbAST-B1 are similar to those of AST-A.
Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephrectomy in Children

Retroperitoneal pediatric laparoscopic nephrectomy is described in 3 patients requiring 3 to 5 hours with an estimated blood loss of 10 to 60 cc. The children returned to school within 7 days postoperatively. Advantages of this procedure include the avoidance of intraoperative repositioning of the patient and easy conversion to an open lumbodorsal approach, if necessary; early laparoscopic visualization of the renal artery; applicability in cases of previous abdominal surgery, and avoidance of intraperitoneal adhesion.
Electromagnetic theory of range-Doppler imaging in laser radar. I: Scattering theory

An electromagnetic theory of range-Doppler image formation is presented. The new formalism replaces scattering from the diffusely reflecting surface of a moving target by scattering from N noninteracting, classical atoms uniformly distributed over the visible surface of the original target. The total field scattered by the collection of moving atoms is then calculated with the use of the Lienard–Wiechert field formalism. It is demonstrated that the new theory, by comparison with currently available scalar theories, gives a much more accurate description of the important features of the image-formation process. In particular, the new theory takes into account diffraction of the transmitter beam and movement of the target during illumination and is capable of describing wave-front aberration and the bistatic Doppler shift. It also permits the simulation of the time dependence of (Gaussian) speckle in the receiver aperture plane. Because of the simplicity of the scattering model, the theory cannot account for depolarization of the radiation scattered by real surfaces.
Representation of turbulent mixing and buoyancy reversal in bulk cloud models

Abstract This paper discusses the representation of subgrid-scale turbulent mixing in bulk models of warm (ice free) clouds, which assume instantaneous adjustment to grid-scale saturation. This is a reasonable assumption for condensation of water vapor because supersaturations inside clouds are typically small (∼0.1% or smaller), except near cloud bases where about an order of magnitude larger supersaturations are anticipated. For the cloud evaporation, however, instantaneous adjustment to grid-scale saturation is questionable, especially when evaporation occurs as a result of turbulent mixing between a cloud and its unsaturated environment. This is because turbulent mixing between initially separated volumes of cloudy and cloud-free environmental air proceeds through a gradual filamentation of these volumes, with progressively increasing evaporation of cloud water during the approach to final homogenization. A relatively simple model of this chain of events is included in a bulk model of moist nonprecipi...
Therapeutic aspects in chronic pain: Modulation of nociception, alleviation of suffering, and behavioral analysis

In this paper, the medical treatment of patients with chronic pain of benign origin is briefly reviewed. Modulation of nociceptive pain stimuli can be achieved by decreasing afferent nervous impulses with nerve blocks or by augmenting nervous impulses with the use of electrical stimulation. Psychotropic medications are often used to control affective responses (depression and anxiety) often seen in chronic pain patients. Behavioral techniques such as those described in preceding papers of this series have the potential of advancing our knowledge of chronic pain behavior patterns and clarifying the effects of physical and psychological treatments for chronic pain.
Co-adaptation and the emergence of structure.

Co-adaptation (or co-evolution), the parallel feedback process by which agents continuously adapt to the changes induced by the adaptive actions of other agents, is a ubiquitous feature of complex adaptive systems, from eco-systems to economies. We wish to understand which general features of complex systems necessarily follow from the (meta)-dynamics of co-adaptation, and which features depend on the details of particular systems. To begin this project, we present a model of co-adaptation (“The Stigmergy Game”) which is designed to be as a priori featureless as possible, in order to help isolate and understand the naked consequences of co-adaptation. In the model, heterogeneous, co-adapting agents, observe, interact with and change the state of an environment. Agents do not, ab initio, directly interact with each other. Agents adapt by choosing among a set of random “strategies,” particular to each agent. Each strategy is a complete specification of an agent's actions and payoffs. A priori, all environmental states are equally likely and all strategies have payoffs that sum to zero, so without co-adaptation agents would on average have zero “wealth”. Nevertheless, the dynamics of co-adaptation generates a structured environment in which only a subset of environmental states appear with high probability (niches) and in which agents accrue positive wealth. Furthermore, although there are no direct agent-agent interactions, there are induced non-trivial inter-agent interactions mediated by the environment. As a function of the population size and the number of possible environmental states, the system can be in one of three dynamical regions. Implications for a basic understanding of complex adaptive systems are discussed.
Cosmology: Neutrino probes of dark energy.

Dark energy drives the accelerating expansion of the Universe — but what is dark energy? Its influence on the properties of neutrinos might be detectable, and could reveal something of its mysterious nature.
An analysis of response patterns for conditional reasoning schemes

One hundred and ten college Ss assessed the truth of the conclusions for 40 conditional reasoning items. These items varied according to principles of inference and validity status. The results indicated some interesting intra- and interrule variations in response patterns.
Optical Second-Harmonic Generation with Surface Plasmons in Piezoelectric Crystals

Abstract We report the first observation of reflected optical second harmonic generation of light due to excitation of fundamental and harmonic surface plasmon modes at the interface between a metallic film and a piezoelectric crystal. Excitation of the fundamental surface plasmon mode produces a large enhancement of the piezoelectric generated reflected harmonic light whereas excitation of the nonlinear mode produces only a small minimum in the background surface generated harmonic light.
A high-sensitivity assay for amniotic fluid insulin at 14-20 weeks' gestation.

Abstract Objective: To examine sensitivity, precision, and sample stability of an immunochemiluminomimetric insulin assay in 14–20 week amniotic fluid (AF) and fetal age distribution of second-trimester AF insulin concentrations. Methods: We assayed fresh specimens from 576 gravidas who had amniocentesis at 14–20 weeks’ gestation because of maternal age. In a preliminary study, samples were divided into aliquots and stored at 4C and −20C for 24 hours to assess freezing effect. Some samples stored at 4C were assayed repeatedly during a 14-day period and others, stored at −20C, were assayed after a 70-day period. Results: This assay reliably measured AF insulin to a detection limit of 0.03 μIU/mL. Insulin could be measured in all amniotic fluid samples and demonstrated a log 10 Gaussian distribution, ranging from 0.24 to 7.41 μIU/mL. Interassay coefficients of variation ranged from 4.4 to 8.9% at concentrations of 0.4–2.0 μIU/mL. Linearity of dilution from 1.5 to 10 times was 99.2 ± 8.6%. Spike recovery of 10 μIU/mL was from 92–109%. Recovery after freezing to −20C for 24 hours (101%) and 70 days (97%) and after storage at 4C for 14 days (97%) demonstrated no significant loss. Conclusion: A two-site, dual monoclonal, immunochemiluminomimetric insulin assay was sufficiently sensitive and precise within the lower range of measured AF insulin concentrations to investigate clinical associations of 14–20 week AF insulin with maternal and fetal conditions. The insulin stability in this matrix suggests that assays can be reliable on specimens stored up to 70 days.
Optimale Versuchspläne bei zweifach klassifizierten Beobachtungsmodellen

Bei Beobachtungsmodellen der Form % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9qqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamywamaaBa% aaleaacaWGPbGaamOAaiaadUgaaeqaaOGaeyypa0JaeqiVd0Maey4k% aSIaeqySde2aaSbaaSqaaiaadMgaaeqaaOGaey4kaSIaeqOSdi2aaS% baaSqaaiaadQgaaeqaaOGaey4kaSIaamOwamaaBaaaleaacaWGPbGa% amOAaiaadUgaaeqaaOGaaiikaiaadMgacqGH9aqpcaaIXaGaaiilai% ablAciljaacYcacaWGobGaai4oaerbbjxAHXgaiuaacaWFGaGaamOA% aiabg2da9iaaigdacaGGSaGaeSOjGSKaaiilaiaad2eacaGG7aGaa8% hiaGqaciaa+TgacaGF9aGaa4xAaiaa+XcacqWIMaYscaGFSaGaa4NB% amaaBaaaleaacaGFPbGaa4NAaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa!62B5! $$Y_{ijk} = \mu + \alpha _i + \beta _j + Z_{ijk} (i = 1, \ldots ,N; j = 1, \ldots ,M; k = i, \ldots ,n_{ij} )$$ mit Beobachtungsbeschrankungen durch Vorgabe von % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9qqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBa% aaleaacaWGPbGaaiOkaaqabaGccqGH9aqpdaaeWbqaaiaad6gadaWg% aaWcbaGaamyAaiaadQgaaeqaaaqaaiaadQgacqGH9aqpcaaIXaaaba% GaamytaaqdcqGHris5aOGaaiikaiaadMgacqGH9aqpcaaIXaGaaiil% aiablAciljaacYcacaWGobGaaiykaerbbjxAHXgaiuaacaWFGaacba% Gaa4xDaiaa+5gacaGFKbGaa4hiaGqaciaa95gadaWgaaWcbaGaa0Nk% aiaa9PgaaeqaaOGaeyypa0ZaaabCaeaacaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaadM% gacaWGQbaabeaaaeaacaWGPbGaeyypa0JaaGymaaqaaiaad6eaa0Ga% eyyeIuoakiaa+bcacaGFOaGaa4NAaiaa+1dacaGFXaGaa4hlaiablA% ciljaa+XcacaqFnbGaa4xkaaaa!63E5! $$n_{i*} = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^M {n_{ij} } (i = 1, \ldots ,N) und n_{*j} = \sum\limits_{i = 1}^N {n_{ij} } (j = 1, \ldots ,M)$$ werden die Versuchsplane % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9qqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaiWaaeaaca% WGUbWaa0baaSqaaiaadMgacaWGQbaabaGaaiOkaaaakiaacQdacqGH% 9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaamyAaiaacQcaaeqaaOGaam% OBamaaBaaaleaacaGGQaGaamOAaaqabaaakeaacaWGUbaaaaGaay5E% aiaaw2haaaaa!4405! $$\left\{ {n_{ij}^* : = \frac{{n_{i*} n_{*j} }}{n}} \right\}$$ als einzige optimale nachgewiesen, d. h. sie minimieren die Verallgemeinerten Varianzen der besten Schatzfunktionen fur die unbekannten Parameterklassen {α i}, {β j} bzw. {μ, α i, βj} und maximieren gleichmasig die Gutefunktionen der entsprechenden F-Teste. Als optimale Versuchsplane bei gewissen schwacheren Beobachtungsbeschrankungen ergeben sich Spezialfalle von {n*ij}.
An Application of the Satellite Indirect Sounding Technique in Describing the Hyperbaroclinic Zone of a Jet Streak

Abstract Often important weather-producing features such as the jet streak are not adequately resolved at the input stage of numerical models. The satellite indirect sounding technique offers promise of greatly increasing observational detail. An 18 March 1971 case study is used to test the ability of the SIRS algorithm to resolve the thermal support of a jet streak. Isentropic cross sections through the streak are prepared and 17 synthetic soundings are obtained. The sounding data are reduced to equivalent irradiances, and the SIRS algorithm is used to retrieve the thermal structure for various assumed observational errors, grid spacings, and initial guess profiles. While an observational error of 0.25 erg (cm2 sec sr cm−1)−1 permits the, reconstruction of the general wind field, accuracies to within 0.10 and preferably 0.05 erg are required to resolve the essential structure of the jet stxeak's thermal support.
Generalized analytical model for the design of irregularly shaped power planes and passives in mixed signal applications

This work presents a generalized analytical method to obtain the S and Z matrices for irregular shaped planar resonant structures commonly found in mixed signal circuits. The method is based on a segmentation technique that uses an interconnect matrix in conjunction with a cavity model where resonant modes are predicted accurately through closed form expressions. The analytical formulation is very versatile and can be applied to both digital and RF circuitry. Typical structures such as the L-shaped power plane, rectangular ring power plane and rectangular coil inductor are considered where the S and Z matrices have been compared with published literature and full wave solvers. In all cases, there is excellent agreement. A design methodology has been developed to shape the power planes so that no resonances occur within the frequency range of interest. In the case of inductors, a similar design methodology can be developed where a physical layout is obtained for a required inductance value.
Improved access to care or lowered standard of care

Health disparities abound in every profession, dentistry included. The most recent attempt to solve dental disparities that has been brought to light is the idea of training dental therapists in order to expand the dental workforce. While dental therapists have been around since the 1970s, only recently has the issue of allowing them to practice in the continental US been so forcefully raised and questioned. With the new healthcare act that will provide access to millions more starting in 2014, these disparities are getting much harder to ignore. We as healthcare professionals have a duty to strive to improve access to quality care and we will not know what quality of care is being provided until these therapists prove (or disprove) themselves. However, we must remember that all three populations - patients, therapists and dentists - must be heard, respected and protected as we navigate this new road to collaboration.