cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Predictors of acute decompensation after admission in ED patients with sepsis.

Abstract Purposes The aim of the study was to identify predictors of acute decompensation within 48 hours of admission among infected emergency department (ED) patients admitted to a regular nursing floor. Procedures This used a case control study of infected ED patients admitted to a regular nursing floor and who received a discharge diagnosis of sepsis. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed with the dependent variable as transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU) within 48 hours of admission. Findings Seventy-eight patients were enrolled—34 in the ICU group and 44 in the floor group. Only low bicarbonate ( Conclusions Among infected ED patients admitted to a regular floor, absence of fever and low bicarbonate were independently associated with ICU transfer within 48 hours. Particular attention should be paid to similar patients to ensure appropriate identification of severe infection and appropriate risk stratification.
Longitudinal Associations Among Peer Victimization and Physical and Mental Health Problems

OBJECTIVE: This study examined how chronic experiences of peer victimization throughout childhood relate to mental and physical health outcomes in adolescence. METHODS: Children were tested in a laboratory playroom at the age of 5 years. They completed questionnaires at time 2, between the ages of 10 and 18 years, and a telephone interview at time 3, between the ages of 12 and 20 years. A total of 70 youth participated at all three time periods. Chronic victims were defined as having high levels of peer victimization at all three time points. RESULTS: Youth who were chronically victimized reported experiencing significantly more mental and physical health problems than youth categorized as desisters or nonvictims. Also, for girls only, chronic victims reported more specific health problems (headaches, sleep problems) than did nonchronic victims. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings may assist health professionals in assessing and treating physical and mental health problems that appear to be related to peer victimization. Language: en
An intelligent system-centric control approach to power system stabilization using linear adaptive and optimal DHP controller

In this paper, we propose an intelligent approach to power system stabilization using a system-centric controller. This architecture uses a control algorithm based on a supervisory loop concept implemented with a system centric controller combining both a Dual Heuristic Programming (DHP) and Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) controller. The controller performance is tested on a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) power network and also on a five generator, eight bus, two area power network. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed controller is capable of improving the stabilization of the generator over the use of MRAC alone while continuously improving its performance through the use of online learning.
Comparison of sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography with positron emission tomography for estimating left ventricular myocarclial viability

Technetium-99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (technetium-99m sestamibi [MIBI]) is distributed in the myocardium according to blood flow. Reports comparing stress rest sestamibi protocols with reinjection thallium or resting fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), or both, in patients with coronary artery disease have shown appreciable discordance regarding myocardial viability in these settings. We performed this analysis with regard to regional comparisons within discordant segments and made comparisons in a subset of patients who underwent revascularization. Thirty-seven patients with coronary artery disease had single-photon emission computed tomography MIBI, N-13 ammonia/18FDG positron emission tomography (PET), and radionuclide ventriculography performed at rest. One hundred two segments were viable and 29 were nonviable by both MIBI and FDG. The concordance was 71%. In MIBI nonviable/FDG viable segments, most of the discordance was in the inferior wall. In MIBI nonviable discordant segments, FDG accurately predicted an increase in percent regional ejection fraction (preoperative 36% [+/- 5 SE] to postoperative 48% [+/- 5.5 SE][p < 0.0006]). MIBI underestimates myocardial viability as assessed by PET. Seventy-one percent of myocardial segments were concordant by both quantitative sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography and FDG PET. Discordance in MIBI nonviable segments was predominantly in the inferior wall. PET can be helpful in detecting myocardial viability in patients suspected of having had MIBI nonviability in the inferior wall.
Gendered Modernity and Ethnicized Citizenship North Korean Settlers in Contemporary South Korea

This article explores the gendered construction of South Korean citizenship through the lens of North Korean settlers' experiences in South Korea. Drawing on ethnographic research, the author delves into the citizen-making process, critically examining the impact of gendered modernizing projects on North Korean settlers' daily lives. North Korean settlers are expected to get rid of their ethnic markers and transform themselves into modern citizen-subjects of South Korea. The author demonstrates that the overall frame of perception of North Korean settlers is deeply gendered, with modernity as a powerful ethnic marker. The notion of ethnicized citizenship in the context of two Koreas offers a concrete account of how ethnicities are created and employed in stratified structure of citizenship.
On the Feasibility of Obtaining a Globally Optimal Floorplanning for an L-shaped Layout Problem

The floorplanning for an L-shaped layout problem can be formulated as a global optimization problem. In this paper, we will explore the feasibility of finding a globally optimal solution for such a problem by using an approximation technique. The problem formulation is first explained through a simple example with two L-shaped cells. Then, it is illustrated that the solution obtained by such an approximation can be indeed in the neighborhood of a global optimal solution. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the possibility of using such an approach to obtain a global optimal solution.
Nonlinear system control based on Gaussian potential function network

A new approach for the neural network-based control of a nonlinear system subject to input saturation, is presented. The approach is based on: 1) the training of a Gaussian potential function network (GPFN) to model nonlinear system dynamics based on the hierarchically self-organizing learning (HSOL) algorithm; and 2) the planning of a path from the initial state to the goal state which ensures the state reachability under input saturation and the satisfaction of performance criteria. Path planning is done in the regulatable region associated with the feasible state transition region based on a potential field method. The advantage of using GPFN with HSOL compared to backpropagation networks is due to the capability of HSOL to recruit a required number of Gaussian hidden units automatically and incrementally by monitoring network performance. This allows the structural limitation of a network and the local minima problem in learning to be overcome. Simulation results are shown for the regulation of first-order SISO (single-input single-output) nonlinear plants. >
A new generic synonym in the Reduviinae of Australia, with an updated key to genera (Heteroptera: Reduviidae).

The monotypic genus Horciniella Miller, 1958 is considered a junior synonym of Archilestidium Breddin, 1900 (new synonymy), resulting in the following taxonomic change for its type species: Archilestidium variabile (Miller, 1958) (new combination). The evidence supporting this conclusion and the new composition of the genus are discussed at length. Updated keys to the reduviine genera of Australia and the Australian species of Horcinia Stal, 1874 are included. Habitus images as well as a new distributional record are provided for several Australian reduviines.
Evolution of the Lipe Hydraseal Self Contained Fluid Clutch

The lipe hydraseal is a new fluid clutch capable of transmitting engine torque to the transmission more efficiently than other methods. It can be installed, without difficulty in vehicles ranging from passenger cars to heavy duty trucks, or off-road equipment, providing smooth coupling, long life and the efficiency of an oil spray clutch. Illustrations are given of the 14-2 pull type hydraseal and supplementary flywheel which is no longer required on the latest design. A back cover plate has been added as a friction surface and encapsulating device. Its thickness allows quick transfer of clutch heat into the standard flywheel. A study of engagement characteristics shows that the dry clutch exhibits a high shock peak, followed by an irregular torque transfer pattern; the hydraseal clutch has a low torque peak and a smooth transfer of torque. The clutch lubricant is required to operate at temperatures up to 204 deg C and have a low viscosity which changes little with temperature. A perfect fluid has not yet been found, but the author has been able to optimise certain fluids to suit the requirements of the application. Unique friction materials have also been developed to absorb energy and to accept slip times of up to 60 seconds. (TRRL)
Reciprocity in Parent–Child Relations Over the Adult Life Course

Objectives. This research assessed how parents’ transfers of sentiment, time, and financial assets to their adolescent/ young adult children affect the children’s propensity in middle age to provide social support to their aging parents. We tested whether the mechanism of long-term intergenerational exchange is better modeled as a return on investment, an insurance policy triggered by the longevity or physical frailty of parents, or the result of altruistic (or other nonreciprocal) motivations on the part of adult children. Methods. Models were examined with 6 waves of data from the University of Southern California Longitudinal Study of Generations. The sample consisted of 501 children who participated in the 1971 survey and who had at least 1 parent surviving in 1985. Growth curve modeling was applied to predict average levels and rates of change in social support provided to mothers and fathers between 1985 and 1997 as a function of early parental transfers of affection, association, and tangible resources to their children. Results. Children who spent more time in shared activities with their mothers and fathers in 1971 provided more support to them on average. Receiving greater financial support from parents in 1971 raised the marginal rate at which support provided by children increased over time. Maternal health operated synergistically with early affection to produce greater levels of support. Both levels and rates of increase in support from children were positive, even for children who received no early transfers from their parents. Discussion. The results offer some support for investment, insurance, and altruistic models of intergenerational exchange. Sharing time in activities provides a direct return to the parent that is characteristic of an investment strategy, whereas financial transfers provide a time-contingent return that is characteristic of an insurance mechanism. That affection triggers greater support to more functionally impaired mothers suggests that emotionally investing in children as a health insurance mechanism may be based on the greater moral equity accorded to mothers. The motivation of adult children to provide social support to their older parents is partially rooted in earlier family experiences and guided by an implicit social contract that ensures long-term reciprocity.
Image processing with mini and micro computers

Processing of pictorial images by digital computers is currently attracting much interest. This paper describes a new facility evolving at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and some of the projects being planned. Among the projects are the study of picture transmission links between two minicomputers, the use of microprocessors to operate image displays and hybrid computer processing of signals.
The influence of supervisor leadership practices and perceived group safety climate on employee safety performance

Abstract The current study investigates the influence of the leadership practices of first-line supervisors on the safety compliance and safety participation of the employees who work for them. Contingent reward and transformational leadership are examined under conditions of positive and non-positive group safety climate in both the manufacturing and constructions sectors. Using moderated regression models ( Aguinis, 2004 ) results indicate that greater levels of transformational and contingent reward leadership are both associated with greater levels of safety compliance and safety participation behavior, however group safety climate moderates the leadership-safety compliance relationships. Under positive group safety climate conditions employee safety compliance behavior improves as supervisor’s leadership practices increase; under non-positive group safety compliance conditions there is no improvement in safety compliance with improvements in supervisor’s leadership practices. The results provide further support to the growing literature on the value of strong group safety climates for improving safety compliance behavior, as well as the value in improving the leadership practices of first-line supervisors.
Developmental trajectories of resting EEG power: an endophenotype of autism spectrum disorder

Current research suggests that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by asynchronous neural oscillations. However, it is unclear whether changes in neural oscillations represent an index of the disorder or are shared more broadly among both affected and unaffected family members. Additionally, it remains unclear how early these differences emerge in development and whether they remain constant or change over time. In this study we examined developmental trajectories in spectral power in infants at high- or low-risk for ASD. Spectral power was extracted from resting EEG recorded over frontal regions of the scalp when infants were 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months of age. We used multilevel modeling to assess change over time between risk groups in the delta, theta, low alpha, high alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands. The results indicated that across all bands, spectral power was lower in high-risk infants as compared to low-risk infants at 6-months of age. Furthermore high-risk infants showed different trajectories of change in spectral power in the subsequent developmental window indicating that not only are the patterns of change different, but that group differences are dynamic within the first two years of life. These findings remained the same after removing data from a subset of participants who displayed ASD related behaviors at 24 or 36 months. These differences in the nature of the trajectories of EEG power represent important endophenotypes of ASD.
Kinetic Model Facilitates Analysis of Fibrin Generation and Its Modulation by Clotting Factors: Implications for Hemostasis-Enhancing Therapies

Current mechanistic knowledge of protein interactions driving blood coagulation has come largely from experiments with simple synthetic systems, which only partially represent the molecular composition of human blood plasma. Here, we investigate the ability of the suggested molecular mechanisms to account for fibrin generation and degradation kinetics in diverse, physiologically relevant in vitro systems. We represented the protein interaction network responsible for thrombin generation, fibrin formation, and fibrinolysis as a computational kinetic model and benchmarked it against published and newly generated data reflecting diverse experimental conditions. We then applied the model to investigate the ability of fibrinogen and a recently proposed prothrombin complex concentrate composition, PCC-AT (a combination of the clotting factors II, IX, X, and antithrombin), to restore normal thrombin and fibrin generation in diluted plasma. The kinetic model captured essential features of empirically detected effects of prothrombin, fibrinogen, and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor titrations on fibrin formation and degradation kinetics. Moreover, the model qualitatively predicted the impact of tissue factor and tPA/tenecteplase level variations on the fibrin output. In the majority of considered cases, PCC-AT combined with fibrinogen accurately approximated both normal thrombin and fibrin generation in diluted plasma, which could not be accomplished by fibrinogen or PCC-AT acting alone. We conclude that a common network of protein interactions can account for key kinetic features characterizing fibrin accumulation and degradation in human blood plasma under diverse experimental conditions. Combined PCC-AT/fibrinogen supplementation is a promising strategy to reverse the deleterious effects of dilution-induced coagulopathy associated with traumatic bleeding.
Accumbal dopamine and serotonin in anticipation of the next aggressive episode in rats

Autonomic and limbic neural activities are linked to aggressive behavior, and it is hypothesized that activities in the cardiovascular and monoaminergic systems play a role in preparing for an aggressive challenge. The objective was to learn about the emergence of monoamine activity in nucleus accumbens before an aggressive confrontation that was omitted at the regular time of occurrence, dissociating the motoric from the aminergic activity. Dopamine, serotonin, heart rate and behavioral activity were monitored before, during and after a single 10-min confrontation in resident male Long-Evans rats fitted with a microdialysis probe in the n. accumbens and with a telemetry sender (experiment 1). DA, but not 5-HTefflux, was confirmed to increase in n. accumbens during and after a single aggressive episode. In aggressive males that confronted an opponent daily for 10 days (experiment 2) heart rate rose 1 h before the regularly scheduled encounter relative to control rats, as measured on day 11 in the absence of any aggression. Concurrently, DA levels increased by 60‐70% over baseline levels and 5-HT levels decreased by 30‐35% compared to baseline levels. These changes were sustained over 1 h, and contrasted with no significant changes in DA, 5-HT, heart rate or behavioral activity in control rats. The rise in mesolimbic DA appears to be significant in anticipating the physiological and behavioral demands of an aggressive episode, and the fall in 5-HT in its termination, dissociated from the actual execution of the behavior.
A class of least-squares filtering and identification algorithms with systolic array architectures

A unified approach is presented for deriving a large class of new and previously known time and order recursive least-squares algorithms with systolic array architectures, suitable for high throughput rate and VLSI implementations of space-time filtering and system identification problems. The geometrical derivation given is unique in that no assumption is made concerning the rank of the sample data correlation matrix. This method utilizes and extends the concept of oblique projections, as used previously in the derivations of the least-squares lattice algorithms. Both the growing and sliding memory, exponentially weighted least-squares criteria are considered. >
Using MeV ion backscattering/channeling and MC simulations to characterize the composition and structure of buried metal–metal interfaces

The technique of MeV ion backscattering and channeling has been used to study the interface structure and stoichiometry for thin transition metal films deposited on Al single crystal surfaces. Analysis of the backscattering data is based on the concepts of shadowing and the well-known theory of Rutherford scattering. In some cases we have used X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), low-energy (keV) He þ ion scattering spectroscopy, and Monte Carlo computer simulations of interface evolution to obtain additional information about the structure of buried interfaces. We first describe the growth of epitaxial fcc Ti films on Al single crystal surfaces, and alloy formation at the epitaxial Ag–Al interface. We next describe measurements for alloy formation at the Ni–Al(1 1 0) interface and present Monte Carlo simulations of the interface evolution. Finally, we describe an approach to stabilize metal–metal epitaxial interfaces using an extremely thin metallic interlayer. Specifically, we show that a single ML of Ti metal deposited at the Fe–Al interface, a system well known for considerable intermixing at room temperature, prevents interdiffusion and enables the epitaxial growth of Fe films on the Al(1 0 0) surface. The resulting structure is observed to be stable for temperatures up to about 200 8C. # 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 61.18.Bn; 68.35.-p; 68.35.Fx; 68.49.-h; 68.55.Jk
How Justice System Officials View Wrongful Convictions

The wrongful conviction of factually innocent people is a growing concern within the United States. Reforms generated by this concern are predicated in part on the views of justice system participants. The authors surveyed judges, police officials, prosecutors, and defense lawyers in Michigan regarding their views of why wrongful convictions occur. The findings reveal that all groups acknowledge error and inaccuracy among justice system participants. In general, police and prosecutors believe that error levels are lowest, judges estimate higher error levels, and defense attorneys rank errors higher than other respondents. A majority of police, prosecutors, and judges believe that wrongful convictions do not occur with sufficient frequency to warrant system reforms, whereas a majority of defense attorneys believe that procedural changes are warranted. The findings reveal distinct occupational perspectives in respondents’ attitudes concerning wrongful conviction.
Environmental Health Injustice: Exposure to Air Toxics and Children's Respiratory Hospital Admissions in El Paso, Texas

Although much environmental justice research tacitly assumes that unequal environmental exposures produce geographic disparities in adverse health outcomes, very few empirical environmental justice studies have tested that assumption. This article does so by using estimates of exposure to air toxics disaggregated by emission source (point and mobile) to predict children's hospitalization rates for both asthma and respiratory infections in El Paso, Texas. Air toxics emissions from most source categories were found to be significant predictors of children's respiratory infection hospitalization rates, but not asthma hospitalization rates, at the census tract level. Findings suggest that sociospatial disparities in respiratory infection rates might be linked to environmental inequalities.
Physical Chemistry of DNA Viruses

The relative simplicity of viruses makes it possible to apply generic physical approaches to the understanding of their structure and function. We focus here on viruses that have double-stranded (ds)DNA genomes that are enclosed in a protein container called the capsid. Their structures are now known in precise detail from cryo-electron microscopy. dsDNA is a stiff, highly charged polymer, and typical viral DNAs have contour lengths 1000 times longer than the radius of the capsid into which they are introduced in the assembly process, which is driven by a biological motor. As a result, the confined DNA is highly stressed. The energy stored in the dsDNA, which is compressed to crystalline densities, drives the ejection of the genome into the host at the start of an infection. Experiments have examined the packaging and ejection of the genomes, which have also been the subject of analytic theories and simulations.
Effects of the Foil Centering on the Irradiation Performance of U10Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Mini-Plates

Monolithic plate-type fuel is a fuel form being developed for high performance research and test reactors to minimize the use of enriched material. These plate-type fuels consist of a high uranium density LEU foil contained within diffusion barriers and encapsulated within a cladding material. To benchmark this new design, effects of various geometrical and operational variables on irradiation performance have been evaluated. For this work, the effects of fuel foil centering on the thermo-mechanical performance of the mini-plates were studied. To evaluate these effects, a selected plate from RERTR-12 experiments, the Plate L1P756, was considered. The fuel foil was moved within the fuel plate to study the effects of the fuel centering on stress, strain and overall shape of the fuel elements. The thickness of the fuel foil, thickness of the Zr-liners and total thickness of the plate were held constant, except the centerline alignment of the fuel foil. For this, the position of the fuel foil was varied from the center position to a maximum offset corresponding to the minimum allowable aluminum cladding thickness of 0.1524 mm. Results for various offset cases were then compared to each other and to the ideal case of a centered fuel foil. Fabrication simulations indicated that the thermal expansion mismatch results in warping of the fuel plate during fabrication as the fuel plate is cooled from the HIP temperature when the fuel is not centered. Even if the model is constrained during cooling to simulate the rigid HIP can surrounding the fuel plate during cooling, warping is observed when the constraint is removed. Similarly, irradiation simulations revealed that the fuel offset causes virtually all irradiation-induced swelling to occur on the thin-cladding side of the plate. This is observed even for the smallest offset that was considered. The total magnitude of the swelling is approximately same for all offsets values.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Cardiac strain as a universal biomarker: interpreting the sounds of uneasy heart muscle cells.

The heart is home to one of the most mechanically dynamic environments in the body. Blood distends the heart chambers (diastole), and a wave of contraction (systole) empties the loaded chamber. At the tissue level, the load stretches the myocytes with subsequent shortening to create cyclic
Civil Rights and the Making of the Modern American State: The Unsteady March into the Oval Office

There have been many lynchings and every one of them has been a blow at the heart of ordered law and humane justice. No man who loves America, no man who really cares for her fame and honor and character, or who is truly loyal to her institutions, can justify mob action while the courts of justice are open and the governments of the States and the Nation are ready and able to do their duty. – President Woodrow Wilson, July 26, 1918 Congress ought to wipe the stain of barbaric lynching from the banners of a free and orderly, representative democracy. – President Warren G. Harding, April 12, 1921 At an early stage in the NAACP’s movement against racial violence, the organization targeted the executive branch as a possible institution in the federal government whereby a civil rights agenda could be entrenched. Of course, the president, the highest political office in the United States, has often appeared off-limits to marginalized groups, as the obstacles to gain the ear of the president are often insurmountable, and the likelihood of success is lower than with other branches in government. However, in two successive presidential administrations, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) garnered unprecedented access to the Oval Office and secured presidential denouncements of lynching and mob violence. President Woodrow Wilson conceded to NAACP demands during his second term, and President Warren G. Harding complied with NAACP requests for a strong statement against lynching as soon as he assumed office. The statements by Wilson and Harding admonishing lynchings are particularly remarkable because both came from men who initially expressed an unwillingness to publicly address the issue. How did the NAACP push the issues of lynching and mob violence onto the presidential agenda? Furthermore, how did the idea of lynching as antithetical to a healthy democracy become recognized as persuasive and powerful in the Oval Office? And finally, why did the NAACP consider a presidential statement as a necessary step in the march toward racial equality in the first quarter of the twentieth century? To answer these questions, this chapter unveils how the NAACP transformed the realm of what was possible in the presidential administrations of Wilson and Harding.
Ab initio studies of Cs on GaAs (100) and (110) surfaces

GaAs with an atomic monolayer of Cs is one of the best known photoemissive materials. The results of density functional theory calculations of Cs adsorption on the GaAs(100)-$(4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ gallium-terminated reconstructed surface and the GaAs(110) surface are presented in this work. Coverage of up to 4 Cs ${\mathrm{atoms}/\mathrm{nm}}^{2}$ on GaAs surfaces has been studied to predict the work-function reduction and adsorption energies accurately. The high mobility of Cs atoms on the (110) surface allows formation of ordered structures, whereas the low mobility of Cs of the (100) surface causes amorphous growth.
HIV surveillance in Tianjin,2005-2009

Objective To analyze HIV current trends and better understand AIDS epidemics in Tianjin.Methods AIDS surveillance data were analyzed in Tianjin from 2005 to 2009.The method of cluster sampling was used to select participants from different populations including men who have sex with men(MSM),STD patients,pregnant women and volunteered residents.HIV infection was confirmed with laboratory testing.The method of descriptive epidemiology was applied to summarize the data.Results HIV antibody positive rate was 0.03%(905/3 373 026) in general.The rate of HIV infection was significantly higher in the populations of MSM(1.6%) and STD clinic patients(0.2%) than in the other groups(P0.05).Conclusion The infection rate of HIV is low in general population in Tianjin.However,MSM and STD clinic patients had higher risk of HIV infection than general residents.
Interictal spikes during sleep are an early defect in the Tg2576 mouse model of β-amyloid neuropathology

It has been suggested that neuronal hyperexcitability contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD), so we asked how hyperexcitability develops in a common mouse model of β-amyloid neuropathology - Tg2576 mice. Using video-EEG recordings, we found synchronized, large amplitude potentials resembling interictal spikes (IIS) in epilepsy at just 5 weeks of age, long before memory impairments or β-amyloid deposition. Seizures were not detected, but they did occur later in life, suggesting that IIS are possibly the earliest stage of hyperexcitability. Interestingly, IIS primarily occurred during rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, which is notable because REM is associated with increased cholinergic tone and cholinergic impairments are implicated in AD. Although previous studies suggest that cholinergic antagonists would worsen pathophysiology, the muscarinic antagonist atropine reduced IIS frequency. In addition, we found IIS occurred in APP51 mice which overexpress wild type (WT)-APP, although not as uniformly or as early in life as Tg2576 mice. Taken together with results from prior studies, the data suggest that surprising and multiple mechanisms contribute to hyperexcitability. The data also suggest that IIS may be a biomarker for early detection of AD.
Case 24: What to Do?

As a clinical instructor in anesthesiology, you have an ongoing study in the Interventional Radiology (IR) Suite. Patients in the IR Suite routinely get cold during general anesthesia. This is because the patient is usually fully exposed and the rooms are cold. Since X-rays are being used, water blankets can’t be employed. Air convection surface heaters (Bair Hugger) are of little use because they cover up the body and will be in the way of the IR physician.
A Note on pth Moment Estimates for Stochastic Functional Differential Equations in the Framework of G-Brownian Motion

This paper presents the study of path-wise and moment estimates for the solutions to stochastic functional differential equations in the framework of G-Brownian motion. Under the linear growth condition, the pth moment estimates for the solutions to GSFDEs are investigated. The properties of G-expectations, Holder’s inequality, Bihari’s inequality, Gronwall’s inequality and Burkholder–Davis–Gundy (BDG) inequalities are used to develop the theory of pth moment estimates. In addition, the continuity of pth moment and path-wise asymptotic estimates for the solutions to GSFDEs are shown.
S-100 Negative Granular Cell Tumor (So-called Primitive Polypoid Non-neural Granular Cell Tumor) of the Oral Cavity

Four cases of cutaneous S-100 negative granular cell tumor were described in 1991. Until now, only 3 cases of oral involvement have been documented in English literature. Two additional cases of oral S-100 negative granular cell tumor are described. Immunohistochemical markers were applied to exclude other lesions that may show the presence of granular cells. The clinical findings were correlated with the histopathological and immunohistochemical features to arrive at the appropriate diagnosis. S-100 negative granular cell tumors are erythematous polypoid masses commonly mistaken for granulation tissue or a pyogenic granuloma. Any part of the oral cavity may be affected. Histopathologically, the lesions consist of sheets, nests, and fascicles of granular cells that are S-100 negative. The granular cells are non-reactive to SMA, HMB45, Melan A, and CD163. The intracytoplasmic granules are diffusely and strongly positive to NKI/C3. The cell lineage of the S-100 negative granular cell tumor is obscure. Absence of staining with CD163 excludes a histiocytic lineage. Absence of staining with S-100 excludes a neural origin. Absence of staining with S-100 and key melanoma markers HMB45 and Melan A also excludes a melanocytic origin. In this context, positive reactivity with NKI/C3 is indicative of presence of intracytoplasmic lysosomal granules only. Greater awareness of this lesion in the oral cavity will result in better characterization of its biologic potential.
miR-21 is associated with fibrosis and right ventricular failure

Combined pulmonary insufficiency (PI) and stenosis (PS) is a common long-term sequela after repair of many forms of congenital heart disease, causing progressive right ventricular (RV) dilation and failure. Little is known of the mechanisms underlying this combination of preload and afterload stressors. We developed a murine model of PI and PS (PI+PS) to identify clinically relevant pathways and biomarkers of disease progression. Diastolic dysfunction was induced (restrictive RV filling, elevated RV end-diastolic pressures) at 1 month after generation of PI+PS and progressed to systolic dysfunction (decreased RV shortening) by 3 months. RV fibrosis progressed from 1 month (4.4% ± 0.4%) to 3 months (9.2% ± 1%), along with TGF-β signaling and tissue expression of profibrotic miR-21. Although plasma miR-21 was upregulated with diastolic dysfunction, it was downregulated with the onset of systolic dysfunction), correlating with RV fibrosis. Plasma miR-21 in children with PI+PS followed a similar pattern. A model of combined RV volume and pressure overload recapitulates the evolution of RV failure unique to patients with prior RV outflow tract surgery. This progression was characterized by enhanced TGF-β and miR-21 signaling. miR-21 may serve as a plasma biomarker of RV failure, with decreased expression heralding the need for valve replacement.
Preserving the Night Sky at McDonald Observatory

The University of Texas at Austin — McDonald Observatory enjoys the darkest night sky of any major astronomical observatory in North America. The observatory has effectively halted the spread of polluting outdoor lighting through a long-term program that includes: (a) educating the public and government officials about lighting issues; (b) assisting communities with the adoption of ordinances that mandate the use of non-polluting lights; and (c) providing financial assistance to homeowners and businesses for replacement fixtures or full cut-off shield purchases. Private donations fund the hardware purchases. The McDonald Observatory funds a quarter-time position for working with communities and individuals on lighting issues. Our success has been limited when we have approached lighting control by discussing its importance to astronomy. Our success has been substantial when we have focussed on the benefits of quality outdoor lighting for the end user, emphasizing waste light reduction, increased efficiency, decreased long-term cost, the elimination of glare and light trespass, improved visibility and security.
Modelling multistability and hysteresis in ESD clamps, memristors and other devices

Multistability and hysteresis are widely occurring phenomena in devices, leading to many misconceptions among compact model developers. In this paper, we show how hysteretic devices can be modelled in general using only continuous/smooth primitives in a differential equation format suitable for simulation, and how the models can be implemented properly in languages like Verilog-A and ModSpec (MATLAB®). Apart from the generic formalism, several concrete device examples are described and analyzed, including a new compact model for ESD protection devices, new memristor models, a simplified electro-thermal model for HBTs, and a modified Stoner-Wohlfarth model for ferromagnets. Common features of these models are studied to further illustrate the modelling methodology for multistability and hysteresis in devices.
Company Facebook and Organizational Identification

This study examined links between organizational Facebook pages and employee connection to the larger organization. Employee interaction with their company’s Facebook page was linked to higher levels of organizational identification and bridging social capital outcomes. Bridging social capital outcomes was also associated with organizational identification. Results indicate that the company Facebook page, considered primarily as a tool to engage external stakeholders, may also function to engage employees.
Extenuated interlayer scattering in double-layered graphene/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructure

Abstract Interlayer carrier scattering hampers electrical conduction in two-dimensional layered nanostructures. Extenuated carrier scattering is observed in a double-layered graphene system with hexagonal boron nitride ( h -BN) as an interposer. Raman spectrum shows signature peaks with enhanced sharpness as compared with that of bilayer graphene. The density functional theory simulation shows degenerate energy bands in the E-k dispersion. The decoupling of the two graphene monolayers is further confirmed by electrical conduction measurements. Improved carrier mobility is observed in the graphene/ h -BN/graphene heterostructure as compared with exfoliated or randomly-stacked graphene bilayer, indicating preserved Fermi velocity. The demonstrated behavior in graphene/ h -BN/graphene heterostructure suggests a pathway to preserve the excellent carrier transport of pristine graphene monolayer in a multi-channel configuration, leading to implementation of highly conductive 2D heterostructure systems.
Impact of coronary artery disease on 30-day and 1-year mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter Aortic valve replacement: A meta-analysis

Background The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is understudied. Literature on the prognostic role of CAD in the survival of patients undergoing TAVR shows conflicting results. This meta‐analysis aims to investigate how CAD impacts patient survival following TAVR. Methods and Results We completed a comprehensive literature search of Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library, and included studies reporting outcome of TAVR based on CAD status of patients for the analysis. From the initial 1631 citations, 15 studies reporting on 8013 patients were analyzed using a random‐effects model. Of the 8013 patients undergoing TAVR, with a median age of 81.3 years (79–85.1 years), 46.6% (40–55.7) were men and 3899 (48.7%) had CAD (ranging from 30.8% to 78.2% in various studies). Overall, 3121 SAPIEN/SAPIEN XT/SAPIEN 3 (39.6%) and 4763 CoreValve (60.4%) prostheses were implanted, with transfemoral access being the most frequently used approach for the implantation (76.1%). Our analysis showed no significant difference between patients with and without CAD for all‐cause mortality at 30 days post TAVR, with a cumulative odds ratio of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.40; P= 0.62). However, there was a significant increase in all‐cause mortality at 1 year in the CAD group compared with patients without CAD, with a cumulative odds ratio of 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.36; P =0.002). Conclusions Even though coexisting CAD does not impact 30‐day mortality, it does have an impact on 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing TAVR. Our results highlight a need to revisit the revascularization strategies for concomitant CAD in patients with TAVR.
Clock Tree Design Flow in ASIC

This chapter shows the clock tree design flow in the timing optimised layouts based on the place and route CAD tools [61]. It shows one example of automation CAD tools used for the clock network design. The chapter is organized in six sections. Section 11.1 introduces the flow overview of the clock tree synthesis. Section 11.2 shows the detailed commands for clock buffer synthesis. Section 11.3 presents the commands to report the skew and clock tree topology. Section 11.4 describes the commands to route the clock net. Section 11.5 shows the commands to verify the clock skew after the clock net is routed.
Sovereignty Strategies: Enhancing Core Governance Functions as a Postconflict & Conflict-Prevention Measure

This essay contrasts the two extremes used to address civil wars and weak states: costly and ill-designed interventions (Approach A) or minimalist approaches in which international actors either stay away or engage only to broker a deal or depose a dictator, but fail to build institutions and consolidate peace afterward (Approach C). This essay posits an alternative, a sovereignty strategy (Approach B), which would see core functions established in a sequence carefully tailored to context and delivered through partnerships between state, market, and civic actors over a period of decades. It analyzes whether a sovereignty strategy could be both feasible and affordable as an alternative to Approach A or C, whose costs are also very real, taking into account the costs and benefits of each option.
Coordinated warehouse order picking and production scheduling: A NSGA-II approach

Based on observations made in a cabinet manufacturing plant, a multi-objective mixed integer programming model for coordinated warehouse order picking and production scheduling is proposed. To minimize production makespan and total picking time in the warehouse, a non-dominated sorting GA-II (NSGA-II) with a modified PMX crossover and inverse, insert, swap mutation operators is used. Compared to the solutions found by Gurobi 7.0, GA obtains a more diverse and higher quality set of non-dominated solutions. Moreover, it is observed (but not proved) that in an optimal solution, the sequence of jobs and that of picking components for those jobs are structurally related.
Proteomic profiling of HIV-infected T-cells by SWATH mass spectrometry

Abstract Viral pathogenesis results from changes in host cells due to virus usurpation of the host cell and the innate cellular responses to thwart infection. We measured global changes in protein expression and localization in HIV-1 infected T-cells using subcellular fractionation and the Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) proteomic platform. Eight biological replicates were performed in two independent experimental series. In silico merging of both experiments identified 287 proteins with altered expression (p
Coding and Classifying Causes of Death: Trends and International Differences

Accurate, comparable, and timely cause-of-death information is important for assessing population health and for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public-health strategies. Unfortunately, these criteria are not always met. Researchers need a clear understanding of how cause-of-death data are collected, classified and coded, and presented. Variations and changes in process and procedures can result in sometimes serious comparability problems and can dramatically affect the interpretation of national trends and international comparisons. This chapter provides an overview of the major issues related to the collection, classification, and coding of cause-specific mortality and how these issues relate to the analysis of cause-specific mortality trends and international comparisons.
Information about information: a taxonomy of views

"Information" is poorly defined in the Information Systems research literature, and is almost always unspecified, a reflexive, all-purpose but indiscriminant solution to an unbounded variety of problems. We present a taxonomy of four views-token, syntax, representation, and adaptation-to enable scholars and practitioners to specify their concept of information. This taxonomy is normative, but we also provide a background review of the etymology and chronology of information, and we sample uses of the term in current IS research. IS research will improve as the term information, via the taxonomy we contribute, is employed more explicitly and consistently.
Planning for watershed-wide flood-mitigation and stormwater management using an environmental justice framework

This article describes how a sustainable watershed-level planning approach is used to develop a flood-mitigation and stormwater management plan for an 11 km2 watershed in southeastern Pennsylvania,...
Coatings on mammalian cells: interfacing cells with their environment

The research community is intent on harnessing increasingly complex biological building blocks. At present, cells represent a highly functional component for integration into higher order systems. In this review, we discuss the current application space for cellular coating technologies and emphasize the relationship between the target application and coating design. We also discuss how the cell and the coating interact in common analytical techniques, and where caution must be exercised in the interpretation of results. Finally, we look ahead at emerging application areas that are ideal for innovation in cellular coatings. In all, cellular coatings leverage the machinery unique to specific cell types, and the opportunities derived from these hybrid assemblies have yet to be fully realized.
Principalship Socialization in Charter Schools.

This study explores the ways in which charter schools manage principalship socialization of individuals as they move into principalship roles. The topic is important in the context of increasing co...