cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Transcription Factor GATA-6 Regulates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy

Rationale:The transcriptional code that programs maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy involves the zinc finger–containing DNA binding factor GATA-4. The highly related transcription factor GATA-6 is also expressed in the adult heart, although its role in controlling the hypertrophic program is unknown. Objective:To determine the role of GATA-6 in cardiac hypertrophy and homeostasis. Methods and Results:Here, we performed a cardiomyocyte-specific conditional gene targeting approach for Gata6, as well as a transgenic approach to overexpress GATA-6 in the mouse heart. Deletion of Gata6-loxP with Nkx2.5-cre produced late embryonic lethality with heart defects, whereas deletion with β-myosin heavy chain-cre (βMHC-cre) produced viable adults with >95% loss of GATA-6 protein in the heart. These latter mice were subjected to pressure overload–induced hypertrophy for 2 and 6 weeks, which showed a significant reduction in cardiac hypertrophy similar to that observed Gata4 heart-specific deleted mice. Gata6-deleted mice ...
Piston Motion and Thermal Loading Analyses of Two-Stroke and Four-Stroke Cycle Engines for Locomotives

Two-stroke cycle and four-stroke cycle diesel engines are in use in rail traction, with the four-stroke cycle design dominating the field. Cycle simulations using computer programs have shown that the conventional two-stroke cycle is somewhat inferior to its four-stroke cycle counterpart in combustion efficiency and thermal loading. Research concluded that the conventional two-stroke cycle engine is not very suitable for locomotive application. A survey, based on an investigation of engines in current production for traction application, suggested that there are potentials in two-stroke cycle design. This paper presents a summary of the results of a research project concerned with comparison of two well-proven typical locomotive diesel engines, one with a two-stroke cycle and the other with a four-stroke cycle. Performance, mechanical loading, thermal loading, and vibration were chosen as parameters to be investigated to provide information on the status of the two cycles in relation to power range, fuel consumption, reliability, and durability, with a view to assisting the users of locomotive engines to make the correct choice.
WHALE BONES AND SHELL PURPLE-DYE AT MOTYA (WESTERN SICILY, ITALY)

Summary. Excavations 30 years ago at sixth–fifth century BC Motya in western Sicily produced a unique assemblage of four Sperm whale vertebrae, crushed purple-dye shells, and stone tools. The whale vertebrae were the platforms for breaking the shells. Here I discuss recent sightings of Sperm whales in the Mediterranean, the archaeological evidence for whaling in the Mediterranean, and possible whale products available, as well as Italian shell purple-dye evidence.
TISSUE DISPLACEMENTS DURING ACUPUNCTURE USING ULTRASOUND ELASTOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES

Acupuncture needle manipulation has been previously shown to result in measurable changes in connective tissue architecture in animal experiments. In this study, we used a novel in vivo ultrasound (US)-based technique to quantify tissue displacement during acupuncture manipulation in humans. B-scan ultrasonic imaging was performed on the thighs of 12 human subjects at different stages of needle motion, including varying amounts of rotation, downward and upward movement performed with a computer-controlled acupuncture needling instrument. Tissue displacements, estimated using cross-correlation techniques, provided successful mapping and quantitative analysis of spatial and temporal tissue behavior during acupuncture needle manipulation. Increasing amounts of rotation had a significant linear effect on tissue displacement during downward and upward needle motion, as well as on rebound tissue displacement after downward needle movement. In addition to being a valuable tool for studies of acupuncture's mechanism of action, this technique may have applications to other types of needling including biopsies.
Tuning myosin-driven sorting on cellular actin networks

Proteins and other molecules can be moved around a cell within bubble-like compartments called vesicles. These vesicles can travel along filaments made of a protein called actin, which forms a network that criss-crosses the cell. A family of motor proteins called myosin bind to the vesicles and are responsible for pulling them along the actin filaments. For example, myosin V pulls vesicles towards the ‘plus-end’ of the filament or the outer edges of the cell, while myosin VI pulls them in the opposite direction towards the ‘minus-end’ or the interior of the cell. Both proteins are often found on the same vesicle, and it is not clear in which direction such a vesicle will move. Hariadi et al. have shed new light on this question by sticking different combinations of myosin V and myosin VI proteins to a tiny nanostructure made of DNA and using a microscope to watch it move on actin. When a nanostructure with one myosin V and one myosin VI protein was placed on a single actin filament, it moved towards the plus-end of the filament. However, when it was placed on a two-dimensional network of actin filaments, the nanostructure was equally likely to move in either direction. Therefore, the architecture of the actin filaments influences the outcome of the competition between the two motor proteins. When both types of myosin protein were present, the nanostructure was pulled along the filament more slowly than when only one type was present. This suggests that myosin V and myosin VI are involved in a ‘tug of war’ on the actin filament. Next, Hariadi et al. altered the numbers of myosin V and myosin VI proteins on the nanostructure. The direction in which the nanostructure moved depended on the ratio of motor proteins present: when there were more myosin V proteins than myosin VI proteins, the nanostructure moved towards the plus-end, and vice versa. Hariadi et al.'s findings suggest that cells direct the movement of vesicles around a cell by altering the relative number of myosin V and myosin VI proteins bound to each vesicle.
Demonstration of dural sinus occlusion by the use of MR angiography.

With MR, the diagnosis of sinus thrombosis is made by the demonstration of a lack of flow void normally present within these structures. Routine spin-echo imaging uses signal information predominantly from stationary spins. BY tailoring MR pulse sequences, images consisting of information only from moving spins can be formed
Toxicokinetics of Disinfection By-Products

The majority of identified disinfection by-products (DBPs) are short-chained halogenated carbon compounds that tend to be rapidly absorbed across the GI tract. In the case of volatile DBPs, other exposure pathways such as inhalation and dermal absorption can be important. For many DBPs, the pattern of tissue distribution is unremarkable with a tendency toward uniform distribution within the total body water pool. Thus, when considering the differences in the toxicokinetics of DBPs, greatest emphasis needs to be placed on elimination and especially biotransformation. Although parent compound elimination in the urine or exhalation (in the case of volatile DBPs) can in some cases regulate the internal dosimetry of some DBPs, it is much more common that the rate and extent of metabolism determine the biological persistence of DBPs. A variety of cytochrome P-450 and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymes are important in DBP biotransformation. In the case of trihalomethanes (THMs) and halogenated acetic acids (HAAs), two different GST enzymes are especially important for their role in either bioactivation (as with THMs and GST-theta) or in controlling clearance (di-HAAs and GST-zeta).
THE SAFE ZONE FOR ACETABULAR COMPONENT ORIENTATION

Introduction: Wear, wear-associated osteolysis, and instability are the most common reasons for revision total hip arthroplasty. These failures have been shown to be associated with acetabular component malpositioning. However, optimal acetabular component orientation on a patient-specific basis is currently unknown. The current study uses CT to assess acetabular orientation in a group of unstable hips as compared to a control group of stable hips. Methods: Our institutional database of CT studies performed in the region of the hip beginning in February of 1998 (41,975 CT studies) was compared against our institutional database of revision total hip arthroplasties beginning in August of 2003 (2262 Revision THA) to identify CT studies of any hip treated for recurrent instability by revision of the acetabular component. Twenty hips in 20 patients with suitable CT studies were identified for the study group. Our control group consisted of 99 hips in 93 patients who had CT studies either for computer-assisted surgery on the contralateral side or for assessment of osteolysis. Using the CT data, the AP plane (APP) was defined, supine pelvic tilt was measured, and cup orientation was calculated by fitting a best fit plane to 6 points on the rim of the acetabular component. Cup orientation was calculated in degrees of operative anteversion and operative inclination according to the definitions of Murray. Both absolute cup position relative to the APP and tilt-adjusted cup position 1 were calculated. Results: The study group of 20 hips treated for instability showed a mean operative anteversion of 30.3 degrees (SD 17.6, range 1.0 to 58.1), a mean operative inclination of 35.9 degrees (SD 8.4, range 25.1 to 55.9), and a mean tilt-adjusted operative anteversion of 29.7 (SD 14.2, range 1.8 to 53). The control group of 99 hips showed a mean operative anteversion of 30.5 degrees (SD 10.7, range −1.9 to 57.5), a mean operative inclination of 37.7 degrees (SD 8.0, range 18.4 to 68.1), and a mean tilt-adjusted operative anteversion of 26.7 (SD 10.8, range −0.2 to 47.3). Most interestingly. all of the hips treated for instability had an operative anteversion of either 22.9 degrees or less or 38.67 degrees or more of tilt-adjusted operative inclination of either 30.5 degrees or less or 55.9 degrees or more, or both. The center of the safe zone in this study is 30.7 of tilt-adjusted operative anteversion and 43.2 degrees of operative inclination (Figure 1). There was no discernable safe zone in the non tilt-adjusted group. Discussion and Conclusion: Most conventionally placed acetabular components are malpositioned but not all malpositioned acetabular components are associated with dislocation. The hip dislocation safe zone appears to be narrower in operative anteversion than in operative inclination. Improved methods of improving the accuracy and reliability of acetabular component placement may reduce the incidence of cup malposition and its associated complications.
Tc99m-Sestamibi dynamic SPECT/CT for myocardial blood flow (MBF) quantitation in normal subjects

1797 Objectives Dynamic SPECT/CT (dSPECT/CT) previously has been reported as an accurate method to measure absolute Tc99m activity concentration in phantom and was utilized to characterize Tc99m-Sestamibi (MIBI) time activity curves (TACs) in patients (SNM 2011). This study further demonstrates measurement of MBF and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in normal subjects. Methods Five consecutive patients (male=4, age=61±8 yr) with low likelihood of coronary artery disease ( Results Mean MBF at rest for normal subjects was 0.57±0.14 (ml/g/min) and increased to 2.69±0.57 with DS. Mean CFR value was 4.67±13.0% which matched closely with the known CFR value of N13-Ammonia PET (4.3±37.2%). Conclusions Quantitative dynamic SPECT/CT incorporated with the net-retention flow model can be a feasible approach to quantify myocardial blood flow with Tc99m-Sestamibi injection. Research Support Internal grant support, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospita
An intelligent path to quality—process monitoring and control

The potential application of process monitoring and control in various industries is infinite and the impact is major. With computer-aided design and manufacturing, the process and tools can be managed beyond the reach of human hands. In the current environment, where computing power is increasing on an exponential scale and application software has been developing like blossoming spring flowers, material manufacturers can easily capitalize on these advantages. Conversely, major research is still needed in the in-situ sensing of material properties, the processing environment during fabrication processes, and adaptive control schemes to feed these parameters back to the process controllers.
Response of Laying Hens Fed Typical Corn-Soy Diets to Supplements of Methionine and Lysine

Abstract IN STUDIES conducted at this station over the past 10 years, it has not been possible to show significant responses from methionine or lysine additions to layer diets, unless the dietary protein level was below 13.4%. (Stangeland and Carlson, 1961; Britzman and Carlson, 1965). Calculations demonstrate that when methionine did not show a response, either in egg numbers, egg weight or feed conversion, that protein intake was generally in excess of 16 gm./hen/day with a methionine intake in excess of 300 mg./hen/day. Combs (1960) has reported on a method for calculating the methionine requirements of laying hens and it is interesting to note from his data that a 2 kg. hen producing 40 gm. of egg per day would require 302 mg. of methionine per day. Among numerous groups of workers who have shown methionine to be a limiting amino acid and related to energy level in corn-soybean type diets,…
Pluto's interaction with the solar wind

This study provides the first observations of Plutogenic ions and their unique interaction with the solar wind. We find ~20% solar wind slowing that maps to a point only ~4.5 RP upstream of Pluto and a bow shock most likely produced by comet-like mass loading. The Pluto obstacle is a region of dense heavy ions bounded by a “Plutopause” where the solar wind is largely excluded and which extends back >100 RP into a heavy ion tail. The upstream standoff distance is at only ~2.5 RP. The heavy ion tail contains considerable structure, may still be partially threaded by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and is surrounded by a light ion sheath. The heavy ions (presumably CH4+) have average speed, density, and temperature of ~90 km s−1, ~0.009 cm−3, and ~7 × 105 K, with significant variability, slightly increasing speed/temperature with distance, and are N-S asymmetric. Density and temperature are roughly anticorrelated yielding a pressure ~2 × 10−2 pPa, roughly in balance with the interstellar pickup ions at ~33 AU. We set an upper bound of <30 nT surface field at Pluto and argue that the obstacle is largely produced by atmospheric thermal pressure like Venus and Mars; we also show that the loss rate down the tail (~5 × 1023 s−1) is only ~1% of the expected total CH4 loss rate from Pluto. Finally, we observe a burst of heavy ions upstream from the bow shock as they are becoming picked up and tentatively identify an IMF outward sector at the time of the NH flyby.
Using Olfaction and Unpleasant Reminders to Reduce the Intention-behavior Gap in Hand Washing

Lack of hand washing is a leading cause of food borne illnesses. To successfully increase hand hygiene compliance, interventions must have continual engagement with employees. This study used a real-time prospective memory (PM) scenario to measure the effectiveness of a control and sensory reminders of disgust to influence hand washing behavior and performance. First, a model of hand washing performance was built by having six participants' hands contaminated with GermGlo (a florescent micro-particle) and then washed their hands using predetermined protocols while monitored by an electronic hand hygiene verification (HHV) system. Next, eighty Hispanic/Latino participants, in a between-group experimental design, performed a PM experiment while one of four reminders were present (hand washing poster, disgusting image, disgusting sound, and disgusting odor) as the HHV recorded their hand washing performance. Visual cues, typical of hand washing campaigns, were not as effective at increasing hand hygiene compliance as disgust-induced sensory cues. Furthermore, olfactory disgust showed a significantly higher probability that individuals would engage in hand washing behaviors than all other conditions. This study provides new insight into the effectiveness of different senses and emotion to reduce the intention-behavior gap associated with modifying behaviors, and broadens current PM research to a real-time application.
Instrumental Variables: Methods

This article describes extant instrumental variables (IV) methods for estimating regression parameters in the presence of unobserved confounder (endogeneity) bias. The conventional linear IV method is reviewed and, for nonlinear regression contexts (e.g., probit, logit, exponential, two-part, and Tobit models), two-stage residual inclusion, generalized method of moments, control function, common factor, and other maximum-likelihood methods are discussed. The pros and cons of the methods are detailed and compared.
Mimetic and normative isomorphism in the establishment and maintenance of independent air forces

ABSTRACTWhy do countries have air forces? Organizational alternatives, such as maintaining separate air arms for the army and navy, have become quite rare. The conventional narrative advanced by advocates of independent air forces stress that the primacy of airpower in modern warfare mandates centralized control of most military aviation. In this view, political–military uncertainty has driven mimetic isomorphism – pressure on national governments to organize as others organize so as to fight or deter war just as effectively. However, working from a set of 56 countries that were politically independent within a few years of the establishment of the first ever independent air force (the Royal Air Force) in 1918, and continuing through nearly the present, there is no clear pattern of external military pressure prompting this particular reorganization. Rather, from anecdotal evidence, the cause has more likely been normative isomorphism – a professional craving to look as others look to foster political or p...
A Search for Common Ground: Value Preferences of Lay and Religious Teachers in Roman Catholic Secondary Schools

This study examined the value preferences of full-time lay and religious faculty members in Roman Catholic secondary schools in one archdiocese. Using The Study of Values (Allport, Vernon, & Lindzey, 1960), two main research questions were addressed: What relative importance do teachers place on the six identified values? And what differences exist between the value preferences of religious and lay teachers? Findings indicated that both religious and lay teachers considered the religious value preference most important, while the economic value was the least preferred orientation. The significant difference found between groups for the religious valued preference is discussed in terms of instrumentation. Implications for hiring are presented and recommendations for future research are made.
The precision attachment removable partial denture

This manuscript attempts to discuss intracoronal and extracoronal precision attachments. A clinical technique is presented which describes the use of intracoronal precision attachments to retain maxillary and mandibular removable partial dentures. Laboratory techniques are also described in this procedure.
The Function of Cytokines in Ischemic Stroke

Ischemic stroke produces a complex injury profile that is characterized by multiple, successive waves of tissue injury. The acute phase primarily involves energy failure and excitotoxic injury, which are the hallmarks of most neurodegenerative diseases and set the stage for delayed cell death. The delayed phase includes progressive cell death facilitated, in part, by a broad category of neuroinflammatory responses that perpetuates tissue injury through amplified cytokine signaling and the induction of cell death pathways. Among the potential therapeutic targets, cytokines have long been under scrutiny by researchers and clinicians by virtue of their profound effects on tissue injury and remodeling. The overlapping roles and dualistic nature of cytokines has proven challenging in elucidating their net effects within the ischemic brain. Due to the complex regulation of cytokines, their multiplicity of roles, and the various components of cerebral infarct expansion, much work is needed to decipher which key signals should be targeted. In addition to identifying putative pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines for therapeutic interventions, the timing of intervention will likely be critical in the success of any therapeutic that acts to modulate cytokine signaling within the ischemic microenvironment.
Lack of influence of Meloidogyne incognita on resistance of bell pepper cultivars to Phytophthora capsici.

AbstractThe root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and the Phytophthora blight pathogen, Phytophthora capsici, cause root diseases in bell pepper under field conditions. However, limited information is available about the interactions between these two pathogens on different bell pepper cultivars. Greenhouse experiments were conducted on cultivars of bell pepper with different levels of resistance to P. capsici (‘Aristotle’, ‘Paladin’ and ‘Intruder’), by concomitant and sequential inoculation of both pathogens. The treatments included inoculating both pathogens simultaneously into the root zone, inoculating M. incognita 7 days before P. capsici, inoculating P. capsici 7 days before M. incognita, inoculating M. incognita or P. capsici alone, and an untreated control without any pathogens. In ‘Aristotle’ and ‘Intruder’, P. capsici inoculation with M. incognita simultaneously or 7 days before or after M. incognita reduced gall index significantly as compared with M. incognita alone. In ‘Paladin’, P. caps...
Expression of glycosylated α‐dystroglycan in newborn skeletal and cardiac muscles of fukutin related protein (FKRP) mutant mice

Introduction: Mutations in the Fukutin related protein (FKRP) gene are characterized by a lack of functionally glycosylated α-dystroglycan (F-α-DG) in muscles. A small number of fibers retain the capacity to produce strong IIH6 reactive glycosylated-α-DG (g-α-DG) in muscles of both FKRP mutant animals and patients. Methods: We examined the expression of g-α-DG in limb, diaphragm, and cardiac muscles of newborn FKRP mutants and LARGEmyd mice with IIH6 antibody. Results: Near-normal levels of g-α-DG were detected in all 3 muscles in the FKRP448LNeo- mutant. Expression was limited within the first 8 postnatal days with decreasing levels. No expression was identified in LARGE myd mice. Conclusion: Temporary expression of glycosylated-α-DG in newborn FKRP mutant muscles is LARGE- and mutant FKRP-dependent. The capability of mutant FKRP with a severe clinic phenotype to produce glycosylated-α-DG provides a new perspective for possible approaches to mitigate FKRP deficiency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
An analytical study of the classification of highly skewed data

This article proposes a discriminant function and an algorithm to analyze the data addressing the situation, where the data are positively skewed. The performance of the suggested algorithm based on the suggested discriminant function (LNDF) has been compared with the conventional linear discriminant function (LDF) and quadratic discriminant function (QDF) as well as with the nonparametric support vector machine (SVM) and the Random Forests (RFs) classifiers, using real and simulated datasets. A maximum reduction of approximately 81% in the error rates as compared to QDF for ten-variate data was noted. The overall results are indicative of better performance of the proposed discriminant function under certain circumstances.
Nanosecond phase coherent pulse generation at 94GHz at kW power levels

Next generation millimetre wave radars and pulsed electron spin resonance (ESR) instruments require complex pulse sequences consisting of very short, high power pulses that are pulse-to-pulse phase coherent. We have previously demonstrated 200 mW coherent pulses at 94 GHz with pulse lengths as short as 110 ps, and showed how they can be used to make high range resolution radar measurements. We now report results where a commercial extended interaction Klystron amplifier (EIKA) is used to amplify these pulses to kW power levels for use in advanced pulse ESR instrumentation. The instantaneous bandwidth of the EIKA now limits the minimum pulse length, but we demonstrate 1 kW peak power pulses down to 1.5 ns, dropping to 0.8 kW at Ins and 0.25 kW at 800 ps. We demonstrate that complex high power pulse sequences can be used in a mm-wave pulse ESR system, and also report on the level of broadband noise or "dark noise" from the amplifier (when there is no input signal), which can limit receiver sensitivity. We also detail the average power handling characteristics of various quasi-optical components.
Tunable thermal bioswitches for in vivo control of microbial therapeutics.

Temperature is a unique input signal that could be used by engineered microbial therapeutics to sense and respond to host conditions or spatially targeted external triggers such as focused ultrasound. To enable these possibilities, we present two families of tunable, orthogonal, temperature-dependent transcriptional repressors providing switch-like control of bacterial gene expression at thresholds spanning the biomedically relevant range of 32–46°C. We integrate these molecular bioswitches into thermal logic circuits and demonstrate their utility in three in vivo microbial therapy scenarios, including spatially precise activation using focused ultrasound, modulation of activity in response to a host fever, and self-destruction after fecal elimination to prevent environmental escape. This technology provides a critical capability for coupling endogenous or applied thermal signals to cellular function in basic research, biomedical and industrial applications.
Pain Management in CKD: A Guide for Nephrology Providers

Although pain is one of the most commonly experienced symptoms by patients with chronic kidney disease, it is under-recognized, the severity is underestimated, and the treatment is inadequate. Pain management is one of the general primary palliative care competencies for medical providers. This review provides nephrology providers with basic skills for pain management. These skills include recognition of types of pain (nociceptive and neuropathic) syndromes and appropriate history-taking skills. Through this history, providers can identify clinical circumstances in which specialist referral is beneficial, including those who are at high risk for addiction, at risk for adverse effects to medications, and those with complicated care needs such as patients with a limited prognosis. Management of pain begins with the development of a shared treatment plan, identification of appropriate medications, and continual follow-up and assessment of efficacy and adverse effects. Through adequate pain management, providers can positively affect the health of individual patients and the performance of health care systems.
Carrying the baton: Evolution science and a contextual behavioral analysis of language and cognition

Abstract The contextual behavioral science (CBS) tradition is now carrying the baton passed forward by its progenitor, B. F. Skinner: a request to explore the implications of evolution science concepts for behavioral science. This article examines the 30-year history of Relational Frame Theory (RFT) research in the light of modern evolution science concepts. It distills an evolutionary approach into six interlocking features: variation, selection, retention, context, dimension, and level. Most of these dimensions have been touched upon in RFT research to date. By making the connection between CBS and evolution science explicit, however, important lines of existing and potential RFT research are emphasized and key evolutionary concepts that have not been emphasized are given greater weight. CBS researchers in general, and RFT researchers in particular, are positioned to carry the evolution science baton and to use it to help advance a natural science of behavior. It will need to be gasped firmly as CBS runs through the ultimate challenge faced by behavioral science: creation of a comprehensive and pragmatic analysis of human language and cognition.
The Human Genome: Foundation for Genomic and Precision Medicine

Understanding the organization, variation, and expression of the human genome is central to the principles of genomic and precision medicine. Based on the availability of a reference sequence of the human genome, on an emerging appreciation of the extent of genome variation among different individuals and populations, and on a growing understanding of the role of genome variation in disease, it is now possible to begin to exploit the impact of that variation on human health on a broad scale. The comparison of individual genomes underlies the conclusion that virtually every individual has his or her own unique constitution of gene products, produced in response to the combined inputs of the genome sequence and one’s particular set of environmental exposures and experiences. This awareness is reminiscent of what the British physician Archibald Garrod termed “chemical individuality” over a century ago and provides a conceptual foundation for the practice of genomic and precision medicine.
Explicating Divided Approaches to Gentrification and Growing Income Inequality

Contemporary sociology offers competing images of the breadth and consequences of gentrification. One subset presents gentrification as a nearly unstoppable force that plays a prominent role in the spatial reorganization of urban life; another presents it as less monolithic and less momentous for marginalized residents, particularly racial minorities. Although neither camp is methodologically homogenous, more qualitative scholars, typically relying on micro-level analyses of individual neighborhoods, tend to present gentrification as increasingly endemic, advanced, and consequential, whereas more quantitative scholars, typically relying on macro analyses, tend to present it in less dire terms. These competing images of gentrification originate in the fact that each subset of research asks different questions, employs distinct methods, and produces particular answers. Exacerbating and partially driving these divergences are different responses to an anxiety within and beyond the academy about broader spati...
Body weight changes and all-cause mortality: A review

Source Citation Andres R, Muller DC, Sorkin JD. Long-term effects of change in body weight on all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med. 1993 Oct 1;119(7 pt 2):737-43.
Crime and Aggression/ Child and Spouse Abuse

Authors often begin their handbook summaries of a literature by charting the paths of early explorers who first traveled the terrain and paved the way for modern investigators. Claims about who was first to name a phenomenon, who introduced a concept, or who initiated a theoretical perspective on a problem often dominate these introductions, as authors attempt to place their topic in a proper historical, or at least accurate chronological, context. We admit to the same temptations, but we are skeptical that claims to have identified the “first” behavioral account of crime/delinquency can be defended.
PSMA-RADS Version 1.0: A Step Towards Standardizing the Interpretation and Reporting of PSMA–targeted PET Imaging Studies

The use of [18F]- and [68Ga]-labeled inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of prostate cancer is now widespread. We have proposed a reporting and data system called PSMA-RADS version 1.0, which is a framework for classifying PSMA-targeted PET scans and individual findings into categories that reflect the likelihood of the presence of prostate cancer.
Compassion Practices, Nurse Well-Being, and Ambulatory Patient Experience Ratings.

Background:Compassion practices both recognize and reward compassion in the workplace as well as provide compassionate support to health care employees. However, these practices represent an underexplored organizational tool that may aid clinician well-being and positively impact patient ambulatory
In-situ CO2 generation for EOR by using urea as a gas generation agent

Abstract While injection of CO2 has great potential for increasing oil production, this potential is limited by site conditions and operational constraints such as lack of proper infrastructure, limited cheap CO2 sources, viscous fingering, gravity override at the targeted zones, and so forth. To mitigate some of these common limitations, we explore alternative methodologies which can successfully deliver CO2 through gas generation in situ, with superior IOR performance, while offering reasonable chemical cost. A new approach of in situ CO2 generation EOR was proved through a series of high-pressure and high-temperature laboratory scale experiments in this work. Urea was selected as a potential source of generating CO2 in situ because of its remarkable availability at bulk quantity and resistance to divalent cations. Urea is highly soluble in fresh water or brine and can decompose at reservoir conditions spontaneously to release carbon dioxide and ammonia. The tertiary oil recovery performance of the urea solution was evaluated in sand pack flooding at different operational conditions. We studied the flow rate ranging from 13.6 in./day to 36.2 in./day, the urea concentration ranging from 5% to 35%, the pressure ranging from 1500 psi to 4000 psi and the oil API ranging from 27 to 57.3, either with or without the presence of divalent ions. Recovered oil compositional analyses also revealed the additional benefits from the produced ammonia in tertiary recovery. Most importantly, results of injecting urea solution (as low as 5% solution) showed superior tertiary recovery performance (as high as 37.5%) as compared to the most recent efforts at our group (29.5%) as well as similar in situ CO2 generation EOR (2.4%–18.8%) approaches proposed by others. Because of the remarkable reservoir brine compatibility of urea, even under seawater levels of divalent ions, the floods showed no detectible effect of brine composition on the recovery and/or any occurrence of formation damage. Furthermore, the preferable wettability reversal was indicated by recovered oil compositional analyses. The economic feasibility and advantages of the newly proposed technique were demonstrated. The results served as a proof of concept for in situ CO2 generation tertiary oil recovery potential for both onshore and offshore fields.
Approximate search in the sample on the basis manber-wu method

In article approach to search in a sample for production systems is described. Search in a sample is applied to processing of symbolical information. For this purpose operands are presented in the form of a matrix in which processing of vectors is conducted by a conveyor way. Elements of two vectors are logically multiplied among themselves with shift by the beginning of bit of the previous vector of rather current vector. Such operation has received the name "shift" conjunction. She allows to find a sample as a part of the search text.
Virtual Telemedicine Visits in Pediatric Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Abstract Background: Despite being less costly than prolonged hospitalization, home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is associated with high rates of post-discharge complications, including frequent read...
High prevalence of systemic rheumatic diseases in women with type 1 diabetes

Abstract Background The prevalence of systemic rheumatic diseases (SRDs) in T1DM has not been described. Method This observational study compares SRD prevalence across age, race, and gender in 1,212 adults with T1DM. Findings There is an age-dependent enrichment of SRDs in women with T1DM: 9.2% prevalence in women overall and 14% in women over age 50. Conclusion Clinicians taking care of older women with T1DM should monitor for these SRDs.
Inhibitory action ofγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) onAscaris muscle

Die somatische Muskulatur vonAscaris lumbricoides wird durchγ-Aminobuttersaure in Konzentrationen von 10−6-10−5M vollig gehemmt. Eine hnliche Hemmung wird durch Piperazin (10−3M) erzielt. Beide Substanzen steigern die Cl-Permeabilitat der Muskelmembran.
In vitro Motility Assays with Actin

Publisher Summary This article discusses the design for preparing samples for motility assay, describes the equipment required for its setup, and deals with methods for quantification and presentation of the results. One needs to prepare nitrocellulose-coated coverslips by first placing 3 μl of a 1% solution of nitrocellulose in isoamylacetate directly on a No. 1 thickness 18-mm 2 coverslip and spreading with the broad side of the micropipette tip. Dissolve 1.4 g of methylcellulose in a final volume of 100 ml of H 2 O by stirring overnight. Occasionally, it is necessary to homogenize the solution with a glass-Teflon homogenizer to aid in solubilization. If myosin is to be bound as filaments, it is necessary to block with BSA that is in a low ionic strength solution, such as the wash solution. Alternatively, heavy meromyosin or a soluble unconventional myosin can be applied to the flow chamber at either low or high ionic strength. A filter set designed for rhodamine fluorescence measurements should be utilized in the filter cube. For quantitative work, it is necessary to control the temperature of the assay.
Unexpected High Rates of Persistent Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in a Retrospective Cohort of Treated Pregnant Women.

BackgroundOur primary objective was to determine the rate of persistent Trichomonas infection among pregnant women posttreatment. The secondary objective was to determine if oral multidose metronidazole was associated with fewer cases of persistent Trichomonas compared with single-dose treatment.Met
Genetic linkage analysis of cancer vaccine response in Diversity Outbred mice

Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy demonstrate the power of anti-tumor immunity, however only a fraction of patients maintain durable responses. To test the hypothesis that genetic variation determines cancer immunotherapy response, we conducted genetic linkage analysis of HER2 vaccine response in Diversity Outbred (DO) mice. Our HER2 DNA vaccine has shown varying anti-tumor activity in mice, cats and human patients. Differential vaccine response was found in HER2 transgenic (Tg) mice of BALB/c versus C57BL/6 backgrounds. DO mice, produced by non-sibling crossing of 8 mouse stains (A/J, C57BL/6, 129S1/Svlm, NOD, NZO, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ and WSB/EiJ) incorporate >90% of all genetic variation in mice. The fully sequenced founder strain genomes enable genetic linkage analysis using Mouse Universal Genotyping Array (GigaMUGA), which consists of >150,000 genetic markers, mostly single nucleotide variants. DO mice were bred with C57BL/6 HER2 Tg mice, generating HER2 DO mice that express human HER2 as a self-antigen. A wide range of IgG (1.8 – 50 μg/mL) and IFNg producing T cells (0 – 348/10 6 splenocytes) were detected after 2× vaccination with an adenoviral vaccine encoding human HER2. Genetic loci associated with positive response (p −5 ) were sought by linear regression analysis. Immune-related genes within identified loci were examined. Preliminary analysis links IgG response to NFkB, IL6, and IFNg-related gene clusters, and IFNg producing T cell response to NFkB, IL6, IL10, Akt and p38 MAPK-related gene clusters. Further analysis will define and rank genetic variants of candidate immune regulators to help identify vaccine responsive individuals.
Pyrolysis/GC/MS as a Method to Rapidly Profile Pyrotechnic Formulations for Objectionable Gaseous Emissions

A method to empirically determine the gaseous emissions produced from a pyrotechnic flare composition through the combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry is described. In this approach, milligram quantities of a model yellow signal flare composition and its individual polymeric constituents were subjected to pyrolysis at conditions that were guided via thermal analysis. Many volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified as emission products even though thermochemical calculations fail to anticipate such products. Thus, these data may complement characterization of emission products predicted in silico. Pyrolysis of this pyrotechnic composition also demonstrated unique products formed via donation of nitrogen to aromatic fragments originating from resinous portions of the formulation. These products included EPA priority pollutants that were not formed by decomposition from staple ingredients. This work demonstrates that a variety of EPA priority pollutants...
All fermion masses and mixings in an intersecting D-brane world

Abstract It is shown that neutrino mixing angles which are consistent with current experimental observations may be naturally obtained in a Pati-Salam model constructed from intersecting D6 branes on a T 6 / ( Z 2 × Z 2 ) orientifold. The Dirac mass matrices in the model are naturally the same as those which are obtained by imposing a Δ ( 27 ) flavor symmetry, which allows for near-tribimaximal mixing in the neutrino sector. In addition, it is possible to obtain the correct mass matrices for quarks and charged leptons, as well as nearly the correct CKM matrix. An RGE analysis of the neutrino mass parameters, including the seesaw mechanism assuming a specific form for the right-handed neutrino mass matrix is performed, and it is found that the neutrino mixing angles at the electroweak scale are θ 12 = 35.0 ° , θ 23 = 47.1 ° , and θ 13 = 8.27 ° . In addition, the neutrino mass-squared differences are found to be Δ m 32 2 = 0.00252 eV 2 and Δ m 21 2 = 0.0000739 eV 2 with m 1 = 0.0146 eV, m 2 = 0.0170 eV, m 3 = 0.0530 eV, and Σ m i = 0.0846 eV. These results depend slightly upon the scale at which the RGE running goes from being that of the MSSM to that of the SM, which we interpret to be the lightest stop mass. The best agreement with experimental data is for m ˜ t 1 ≈ 4.28 TeV. This suggests that the superpartners which produce the strongest signal in a hadron collider are just out of reach at the LHC.
How many children live with adults with opioid use disorder

Abstract Emerging evidence indicates the opioid crisis is affecting children, but the possible scope of the indirect effects has not been estimated. In this study, we estimate the number of children living in households with adults with opioid use disorder, and compare trends in inappropriate opioid use in households with and without children. We combined adult opioid misuse and abuse information from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) with household size data from the American Community Survey (ACS). From 2002 to 2017, the number of children living with adults who misuse opioids fell from 3.43 million to 3.33 million. The number of children living with an adult with opioid use disorder increased by 30%, from 423,000 to 548,000. The number of children living with an adult who uses heroin increased by 200%, from 59,000 to 198,000. Previous research suggests that parental substance abuse damages child health and development. Downstream effects of increased parental opioid use disorder may have long-lasting implications for child development and well-being.
Optimizing adiabatic quantum program compilation using a graph-theoretic framework

Adiabatic quantum computing has evolved in recent years from a theoretical field into an immensely practical area, a change partially sparked by D-Wave System’s quantum annealing hardware. These multimillion-dollar quantum annealers offer the potential to solve optimization problems millions of times faster than classical heuristics, prompting researchers at Google, NASA and Lockheed Martin to study how these computers can be applied to complex real-world problems such as NASA rover missions. Unfortunately, compiling (embedding) an optimization problem into the annealing hardware is itself a difficult optimization problem and a major bottleneck currently preventing widespread adoption. Additionally, while finding a single embedding is difficult, no generalized method is known for tuning embeddings to use minimal hardware resources. To address these barriers, we introduce a graph-theoretic framework for developing structured embedding algorithms. Using this framework, we introduce a biclique virtual hardware layer to provide a simplified interface to the physical hardware. Additionally, we exploit bipartite structure in quantum programs using odd cycle transversal (OCT) decompositions. By coupling an OCT-based embedding algorithm with new, generalized reduction methods, we develop a new baseline for embedding a wide range of optimization problems into fault-free D-Wave annealing hardware. To encourage the reuse and extension of these techniques, we provide an implementation of the framework and embedding algorithms.
The history of neurosurgery at the House Clinic in Los Angeles

Although most widely known as the birthplace of neuro-otology, the House Clinic in Los Angeles has been the site of several major contributions to the field of neurosurgery. From the beginning of the formation of the Otologic Medical Group in 1958 (later renamed the House Ear Clinic), these contributions have been largely due to the innovative and collaborative work of neurosurgeon William E. Hitselberger, MD, and neuro-otologist William F. House, MD, DDS. Together they were responsible for the development and widespread adoption of the team approach to skull-base surgery. Specific neurosurgical advances accomplished at the House Clinic have included the first application of the operative microscope to neurosurgery, the application of middle fossa and translabyrinthine approaches for vestibular schwannoma, and the development of combined petrosal, retrolabyrinthine, and other alternative petrosal approaches and of hearing preservation surgery for vestibular schwannoma. The auditory brainstem implant, invented at the House Clinic in 1979, was the first ever successful application of central nervous system neuromodulation for restoration of function. Technological innovations at the House Clinic have also advanced neurosurgery. These include the first video transmission of microsurgery, the first suction irrigator, the first debulking instrument for tumors, and the House-Urban retractor for middle fossa surgery.
Politics are Crushing the Standards

The recent news that Oklahoma Gov. Mary Fallin signed a bill to, in the parlance of the times, "repeal and replace" the common-core standards in her state was surprising, to say the least, notwithstanding a legal challenge to the repeal filed in the Oklahoma Supreme Court by parents, teachers, and state board of education members on June 25. Before Gov. Fallin was against the standards, she supported them. [excerpt]
Theological and Intellectual Roots in Deobandi Thoughts : A Paradigm from Muhammad Qāsim Nānawtawī's Discourses with Special Reference to his Ḥujjat al-Islām

This article focuses on one of the important books of Muḥammad Qāsim Nānawtawī—Ḥujjat al-Islām. Many of his 32 books, epistles and letters are written in response to Christian and Hindu missionaries. From the perspective of neo-ʿilm al-kalām (Islamic scholastic theology) they have great importance. These are the works through which a lay reader can understand Nānawtawī’s methodology in polemics and his various dialectical aspects, which are based on propositional logic and pragmatic philosophy and differ from the early discourses of ʿilm al-kalām. Most of his works include his critiques and strong refutation of both Christian theological anthropology and Hindu mythology. This article examines a limited part of Nānawtawī’s dialectic discussions which include the existence of God, His essence, meaning of the monotheism, including evidence in support of monotheism and his refutation of the Trinity.
Guidelines for culturally adapting mental health interventions in China

Globally, mental illness ranks first among the causes of disability. In China, 17.5% of individuals have a mental illness, with only 150 people per 100,000 people receiving treatment for their diag...