cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Prevalence and Correlates of Elder Mistreatment Among Older Adults Receiving Home Visiting Nursing

The objectives of this study were to identify elder mistreatment (EM) prevalence among a cohort of older adults receiving visiting nurse care in their homes, determine EM subtypes, and identify factors associated with EM. EM data were collected by nurses during monthly home visits for up to 24 months. It took the nurses a mean of 10.5 visits to discern EM. Fifty-four (7.4%) of 724 patients were identified as mistreated, of which 33 had enough information to subtype the EM. Of these 33, 27 were victims of neglect, 16 of psychological abuse, and 10 of financial exploitation, and 17 suffered more than one type. Among the entire sample, 11 variables were positively correlated with EM presence. Nurses visiting older adults in their homes should be aware that their patients are, as a group, vulnerable to EM, and that the factors identified here may be specific markers of greater risk.
MUCOCUTANEOUS LYMPH NODE SYNDROME (MCLS) IN THE U.S

Nine children were seen with an unusual and highly distinctive symptom complex consisting of high fever for > 7 days not responding to antibiotics; striking polymorphous exanthem, either morbilliform, scarlatiniform or multiforme; marked erythema of palms and soles with severe indurative edema progressing to desquamation of digits; stomatitis with fissuring of lips, diffuse mucosal erythema and strawberry tongue; conjunctivitis; and polymorphonuclear leukocytosis. Eight patients had associated cervical lymphadenopathy, 4 acute urethritis, 3 arthritis, 3 diarrhea and 2 aseptic meningitis. One child died suddenly on day 21; bilateral coronary artery thrombosis, extensive myocardial infarction, aortitis, localized arteritis and meningeal inflammation were demonstrated. Viral and bacterial studies of all patients were negative. Only 1 child developed ASO titer elevation. Children were 2200 cases have been seen. Mortality rate is 1.3% from coronary artery thrombosis, Despite extensive investigation in Japan the etiology is unknown. Recognition of these cases in the U.S. demonstrates the need for wider awareness of this significant, distinctive disease.
Intrathoracic jugular vein avulsion after blunt chest trauma.

I njuries to the vascular structures of the thoracic outlet are infrequent and are typically accompanied by massive hemorrhage. As a result of improvements in the emergency medical system and rapid prehospital transport, however, some of these patients are now arriving at the trauma center before they exsanguinate from the injury. Most injuries of the cervicothoracic area are combined arterial and venous injuries and are produced mainly by penetrating trauma.1,2 Isolated venous injury of this region after blunt chest trauma is exceptionally rare.2
Role of Oxygen 2p states for anti-ferromagnetic interfacial coupling and positive exchange bias of ferromagnetic LSMO/SRO bilayers

Abstract We have investigated possible physical origins of the anti-ferromagnetic exchange interaction of ferromagnetic La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/SrRuO3 (LSMO/SRO) bilayers reported to have a positive exchange bias. We have performed first principles calculations with both ferro, and anti-ferromagnetic spin configurations for these layers and found that anti-ferromagnetic spin configuration has lower total energy. The role of 2p states of oxygen atoms located at the interface and their interaction with neighbors account for this magnetic ordering preference.
Maternal diabetes and congenital malformations among live births in Hawaii.

The frequency of congenital malformations, in 187,266 live births in Hawaii from 1956 through 1966, was found to be significantly higher among offspring of diabetic mothers (0.0175) than in offspring of non-diabetic mothers (0.0086) or mothers with no complications of pregnancy (0.0074). However, the frequency of malformations in offspring of diabetic mothers was not significantly higher than in offspring of mothers with heart conditions or hypertension.
The indexing paradox: be thankful for irrational analysts

This paper introduces the indexing paradox, which states that it if all investors are rational with rational expectations and have a common risk-averse investment performance measure, then no investor can expect to do better than the market. If the cost of indexing is less than the cost of active investing, then all investors would index, which would result with no mechanism to price the possible investments. This paradox relies merely on understanding averages. It does not rely on markets being "informationally efficient", as demonstrated in a model where different investors have differing degrees of informational advantages and disadvantages.
Structures of rhodopsin kinase in different ligand states reveal key elements involved in G protein-coupled receptor kinase activation.

G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases (GRKs) phosphorylate activated heptahelical receptors, leading to their uncoupling from G proteins. Here we report six crystal structures of rhodopsin kinase (GRK1), revealing not only three distinct nucleotide-binding states of a GRK but also two key structural elements believed to be involved in the recognition of activated GPCRs. The first is the C-terminal extension of the kinase domain, which was observed in all nucleotide-bound GRK1 structures. The second is residues 5-30 of the N terminus, observed in one of the GRK1·(Mg2+)2·ATP structures. The N terminus was also clearly phosphorylated, leading to the identification of two novel phosphorylation sites by mass spectral analysis. Co-localization of the N terminus and the C-terminal extension near the hinge of the kinase domain suggests that activated GPCRs stimulate kinase activity by binding to this region to facilitate full closure of the kinase domain.
CrowdMi: Scalable and Diagnosable Mobile Voice Quality Assessment Through Wireless Analytics

Scalable and diagnosable are the two most crucial needs for voice call quality assessment in mobile networks. However, while these two requirements are widely accepted by mobile carriers, they do not receive enough attention during the development. Current related research mainly focuses on audio feature analysis, which is costly, sensitive to language and tones, and infeasible to be applied to large-scale mobile networks. In this paper, we revisit this problem, and for the first time explore wireless network , the causal factor that directly impacts the mobile voice quality but yet lacks attention for decades. We design CrowdMi, a wireless analytical tool that model the mobile voice quality by crowdsourcing and mining the network indicators of cellphones. CrowdMi mines hundreds of network indicators to build a causal relationship between voice quality and network conditions, and carefully calibrates the model according to the widely accepted perceptual objective listening quality assessment (POLQA) voice assessment standard. We implement a light-load CrowdMi Client App in Android smartphones, which automatically collects data through user crowdsourcing and outputs to the CrowdMi Server in our data center that runs the mining algorithm. We conduct a pilot trial in VoLTE network in different geographical areas and network coverages. The trial shows that the CrowdMi does not require any additional hardware or human effort, and has very high model accuracy and strong diagnosability.
Simple Models of Stratification

Abstract Simple analytical and numerical models of gratified circulation are discussed. The models are driven by buoyancy and mechanical forcing, and buoyancy diffusion is parameterized in term of diapycnal mass fluxes. The interior responds in typical Sverdrup fashion, and the requirements of balanced heat and energy budgets are invoked to calculate the eastern boundary stratification parameters. This effort differs from past attempts to calculate stratification in that buoyancy flux boundary conditions or explicitly considered in the calculation of diapycnal fluxes. A major feature of the solutions is the interplay of planetary dynamics and buoyancy diffusion. This results in the most important components of the thermocline structure, namely density outcrops and interior “pinchoffs.” These are, in turn, essential to the production of thermodynamically balanced states. Some aspects of the present model resemble features found in previous numerical models.
The dance of the transforming self: Both feelings of connection and complex thought are needed for learning

How do we teach and learn, knowing that adults are complex, connected individuals who want to change but also want to maintain continuity of the Self?
Megacryst-bulk rock isotopic disequilibrium as an indicator of contamination processes: The Edgecumbe Volcanic Field, SE Alaska

Sr and Nd isotopic ratios are reported from mineral separates and bulk rock samples from the Edgecumbe Volcanic Field in southeast Alaska, a suite of lavas that has developed by assimilation. Megacrysts in the basaltic unit and the rhyodacites are in isotopic equilibrium with their matrices. Because the rhyodacites developed as the result of assimilation, the assimilate must have been completely dissolved. In contrast, megacrysts in the two andesitic units are in isotopic disequilibrium with their matrix. These megacrysts must be a mixture of those inherited from the contaminant, crystals in equilibrium with the groundmass, and possibly crystals inherited from a mafic liquid.
Optical modeling of Fresnel zoneplate microscopes

Defect free masks remain one of the most significant challenges facing the commercialization of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Progress on this front requires high-performance wavelength-specific metrology of EUV masks, including high-resolution and aerial-image microscopy performed near the 13.5 nm wavelength. Arguably the most cost-effective and rapid path to proliferating this capability is through the development of Fresnel zoneplate-based microscopes. Given the relative obscurity of such systems, however, modeling tools are not necessarily optimized to deal with them and their imaging properties are poorly understood. Here we present a modeling methodology to analyze zoneplate microscopes based on commercially available optical modeling software and use the technique to investigate the imaging performance of an off-axis EUV microscope design. The modeling predicts that superior performance can be achieved by tilting the zoneplate, making it perpendicular to the chief ray at the center of the field, while designing the zoneplate to explicitly work in that tilted plane. Although the examples presented here are in the realm of EUV mask inspection, the methods described and analysis results are broadly applicable to zoneplate microscopes in general, including full-field soft-x-ray microscopes routinely used in the synchrotron community.
Quantitative Measurement of Interdiffusion at Polymer–Polymer Interfaces with TEM/EDS and EELS

Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM/EDS) were used to map the concentration profile at the interface of a poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(methyl methacrylate) bilayer. Thin sections in the order of 800 A were cut using an ultramicrotome, examined with TEM, and the concentration profile was mapped with EDS. The intensity of fluorescence X-rays was adjusted for sample thickness variation by measuring the relative thickness across the interface with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The interfacial thickness of the bilayer after 6 h at 120°C was 1.5 μm, whereas the interdiffusion coefficient was determined as 8.0 X 10 -14 cm 2 /s. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Interrater Reliability of the Motivation Assessment Scale: Another, Closer Look.

Recent evidence indicates that the Motivation Assessment Scale (MAS), designed by Durand and Crimmins (1988) to measure influential maintaining variables of maladaptive behavior, is associated with...
A case for application aware channel access in wireless networks

The increasing reliance of users on wireless networks for Internet connectivity has posed two significant challenges for mobile networking research. The first challenge is to provide high quality of service for interactive real-time applications such as VoIP and video conferencing. The second challenge is to reduce the energy consumption of mobile devices and improve battery life. Past research has focused on separately addressing these seemingly conflicting goals in distributed medium access based wireless networks. Contrary to the traditional tiered networking approach, we argue that an application aware approach to medium access and power saving has the potential to significantly improve the performance of real-time applications and conserve battery power on mobile devices. As a proof of concept, we present the design and implementation of Rendezvous - an application aware MAC protocol. Rendezvous uses short term dynamic channel reservations to achieve higher quality of service and increased power saving opportunities for mobile devices running VoIP and real-time video applications. A preliminary evaluation from our testbed implementation reveals promising results, motivating the need and opportunity for future research in the direction of application awareness at lower layers of the networking stack.
Mass Spectrometry Combinations for Structural Characterization of Sulfated-Steroid Metabolites

Steroid conjugates, which often occur as metabolites, are challenging to characterize. One application is female-mouse urine, where steroid conjugates serve as important ligands for the pheromone-sensing neurons. Although the two with the highest abundance in mouse urine were previously characterized with mass spectrometry (MS) and NMR to be sulfated steroids, many more exist but remain structurally unresolved. Given that their physical and chemical properties are similar, they are likely to have a sulfated steroid ring structure. Because these compounds occur in trace amounts in mouse urine and elsewhere, their characterization by NMR will be difficult. Thus, MS methods become the primary approach for determining structure. Here, we show that a combination of MS tools is effective for determining the structures of sulfated steroids. Using 4-pregnene analogs, we explored high-resolving power MS (HR-MS) to determine chemical formulae; HD exchange MS (HDX-MS) to determine number of active, exchangeable hydrogens (e.g., OH groups); methoxyamine hydrochloride (MOX) derivatization MS, or reactive desorption electrospray ionization with hydroxylamine to determine the number of carbonyl groups; and tandem MS (MSn), high-resolution tandem MS (HRMS/MS), and GC-MS to obtain structural details of the steroid ring. From the fragmentation studies, we deduced three major fragmentation rules for this class of sulfated steroids. We also show that a combined MS approach is effective for determining structure of steroid metabolites, with important implications for targeted metabolomics in general and for the study of mouse social communication in particular.
Olfaction and Human Social Behavior Effects of a Pleasant Scent on Attraction and Social Perception

A total of 94 undergraduate males participated in an experiment designed to examine the impact of a pleasant scent (perfume) on interpersonal attraction and social perception. Subjects met and interacted briefly with one of two female confederates who either wore perfume or did not, and who were dressed either neatly (in a blouse, skirt, and hose) or informally (in jeans and a sweatshirt). Results indicated that the presence of a pleasant scent increased attraction toward the confederates and produced positive shifts in perceptions of several of their traits when they were dressed informally. When the confederates dressed in a neater manner, however, opposite effects were observed. These findings were interpreted as stemming from the fact that subjects reacted more favorably to the confederates when they appeared to be intermediate rather than high or low along a dimension of informality-formality.
Antibacterial mesh: a novel technique involving naturally occurring cellular proteins

Background. Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides are possibly the “next frontier” in infection prevention. Binding them to mesh could reduce the rate of mesh infections. This study identifies...
The Folk Songs of Iraqi Children: Part One

The folk songs of Iraqi children have been passed from one young generation to the next. Iraqi children acquired the lion's share of these songs from one another. As a result, the tunes retained unique styles of speech and venerable lexical items that sharply reflected the perspectives of the youth of the day. Although song lyrics were ever-changing along with slight variations in melody, over the course of time the substance and the spirit of these songs remained unchanged and the songs continued to reflect the way Iraqi children looked at themselves and their surroundings. I have collected these songs from different sources, including journals, books and periodicals. This collection contains songs of religious occasions (20 songs), the sun, the moon and the rain, (15 songs), animals, birds and insects (37 songs) and teasing and taunting (32 songs).
Lay Buddhism and the Buddhist Revival in Ceylon

WITH the arrival of Ceylon's independence in 1948 and the election of S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike's Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) eight years later, Theravada Buddhism in Ceylon experienced a noticeable revival. The nature of this revival is, however, a matter of dispute. Some observers insist that revival has not been accompanied by reformation nor has it resolved numerous problems inherited from a long colonial past. Yet, even such pessimists would agree that a significant resurgence of Buddhism has occurred with Buddhist laymen making one of the most prominent contributions. For this reason a study of the role of the laity in the revival of Buddhism in Ceylon deserves our attention. In this study after describing two turning points in the history of the modern revival of Buddhism in Ceylon we shall analyze the character of lay Buddhism and the types of relationships existing between layman and bhikkhu (monk). Then we shall describe the forms of the lay Buddhist revival and, in conclusion, indicate some of the greatest problems and promises of the revival.
Arts Magnets and the Transformation of Schools and Schooling

L'auteur presente les magnet schools, ces ecoles du secondaire et du primaire specialisees dans des domaines precis tels que les langues etrangeres, la litterature ou plus particulierement ici, les arts. Ces ecoles ont pour but de regrouper les eleves selon leurs centres d'interets et de les faire progresser dans ces domaines. Il s'agit d'ecoles publiques, gratuites, ouvertes a tous et offrant un programme d'enseignement specifique. L'auteur recense et encense cette revolution educative a travers divers exemples au Canada et Etats-Unis.
Parasitic-compensated second-order switched-capacitor filters

A method, for compensating the effect of top-plate parasitic capacitances (otherwise unavoidable) in certain recently described second-order lowpass, highpass and bandpass switched-capacitor filters, is described.
Proximate cues governing egg sac discrimination and recognition in the wolf spider Pardosa milvina (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Abstract Female lycosids carry their egg sacs on their spinnerets until spiderlings emerge but spiders are occasionally found carrying shells, dirt, or other objects on their spinnerets, suggesting recognition errors can occur. We investigated some proximate cues that may influence egg sac recognition and discrimination in the wolf spider Pardosa milvina (Hentz 1844). We tested the ability of female P. milvina to discriminate among egg sacs based on size, texture, and contrast. We also tested the ability of P. milvina to discriminate between its own or a conspecific's egg sac, and the ability to discriminate between an egg sac that had just been removed and an egg sac that was removed seven days earlier. When given a choice, females significantly chose their own egg sac over plastic beads of equal mass, preferred large plastic beads equal in mass to an egg sac over small plastic beads, round over faceted beads, and showed a non-significant tendency to attach black rather than white beads of equal mass. Wh...
Trace-based network proof systems: expressiveness and completeness

We consider incomplete trace-based network proof systems for safety properties, identifying extensions that are necessary and sufficient to achieve relative completeness. We investigate the expressiveness required of any trace logic to encode these extensions.
Measurement of the spin parameters A and Ann in pp elastic scattering in the 1–3 GeV/c region☆

Abstract We have measured the asymmetry parameter A and the spin correlation parameter A nn in pp elastic scattering, using the Argonne ZGS polarized proton beam and a polarized proton target. Angular distributions of A and A nn for | t | ≳ 0.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 were obtained at eight momenta between 1.10 and 2 if 2.75 GeV/ c . We find significant structure in both the energy and t -dependence of A nn at these energies. At p lab ≈ 1.34 GeV/ c A nn reaches a very large value of about 0.8–0.9 near θ cm = 90°.
17beta-estradiol reduced depressive and somatic symptoms in perimenopausal women.

Source Citation Soares CN, Almeida OP, Joffe H, Cohen LS. Efficacy of estradiol for the treatment of depressive disorders in perimenopausal women. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled tri...
Estimation of uncertainties in X‐ray refinement results by use of perturbed structures

The uncertainties in the refined parameters for a 1.5-A X-ray structure of carbon-monoxy (FeII) myoglobin are estimated by combining energy minimization with least-squares refinement against the X-ray data. The energy minimizations, done without reference to the X-ray data, provide perturbed structures which are used to restart conventional X-ray refinement. The resulting refined structures have the same, or better, R-factor and stereochemical parameters as the original X-ray structure, but deviate from it by 0.13 A rms for the backbone atoms and 0.31 A rms for the sidechain atoms. Atoms interacting with a disordered sidechain, Arg 45 CD3, are observed to have larger positional uncertainties. The uncertainty in the B-factors, within the isotropic harmonic motion approximation, is estimated to be 15%. The resulting X-ray structures are more consistent with the energy parameters used in simulations.
Controllable Network Transformers

The electric power grid is under stress, caused by increasing loads, decreasing investments, and increasing penetration of dynamic sources and loads. Grid control techniques have not changed much over the last 50 years, with generator excitation providing the only 'analog' control handle. The basic control problem on the grid is to maintain node voltages while ensuring that branch currents do not exceed defined limits. This paper proposes the possibility of converting existing load tap changing (LTC) transformers into Controllable Network Transformers (CNT) using fractionally rated direct ac converters - providing vernier control of amplitude and phase angle. This would allow dynamic control to be distributed on the grid, enhancing response and reliability. The concept can be scaled to realistic power levels.
CAMPOUT: a control architecture for multirobot planetary outposts

A manned Mars habitat will require a significant amount of infrastructure that can be deployed using robotic precursor missions. This infrastructure deployment will probably include the use of multiple, heterogeneous, mobile robotic platforms. Delays due to the long communication path to Mars limit the amount of teleoperation that is possible. A control architecture called CAMPOUT (Control Architecture for Multirobot Planetary Outposts) is currently under development at the Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, CA. It is a three layer behavior-based system that incorporates the low level control routines currently used on the JPL SRR/FIDO/LEMUR rovers. The middle behavior layer uses either the BISMARC (Biologically Inspired System for Map- based Autonomous Rover Control) or MOBC (Multi-Objective Behavior Control) action selection mechanisms. CAMPOUT includes the necessary group behaviors and communication mechanisms for coordinated/cooperative control of heterogeneous robotic platforms. We report the results of some ongoing work at the jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, CA on the transport phase of a photovoltaic (PV) tent deployment mission.© (2000) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Closed Conjugacy Classes, Closed Orbits and Structure of Algebraic Groups

In this paper we prove that if an affine algebraic group (in characteristic zero) has all its conjugacy classes closed, then it is nilpotent. A classical result (called sometimes the Kostant-Rosenlicht Theorem) guarantees that if an affine algebraic group G is unipotent, then all its orbits on affine varieties are closed. We prove the converse of that theorem in arbitrary characteristics.
Scheduling of sleep/darkness affects the circadian phase of night shift workers

Shift work results in a misalignment between circadian timing and the sleep/wake schedule, leading to irregular and poor quality sleep. Inconsistent input from the daily light cycle further interferes with circadian entrainment. It has been hypothesized that scheduling the sleep/dark cycle on the night shift could aid in promoting adaptation to night shift work by facilitating appropriate phase shifts. In a simulated shift-work study, we compared the ability of two sleep/dark schedules to shift circadian phase. Our results indicate that scheduled sleep/darkness can aid in adaptation to night shift work by inducing both advance and delay phase shifts, depending on the timing of the sleep schedule, although the size of the phase shifts are not sufficient to produce complete adaptation to the night shift. These results have applications to night shift workers, particularly in occupations in which alterations in the timing of light exposure cannot be achieved during working hours.
Cardiorespiratory effects of the intravenous administration of tiletamine-zolazepam to cats.

The anesthetic, hemodynamic, and respiratory effects of an intravenously administered 1:1 combination of tiletamine and zolazepam were evaluated in dogs. Each dog received tiletamine-zolazepam (6.6, 13.2, 19.8 mg/kg) on two occasions, once when awake and a second time with residual isoflurane anesthesia while instrumented for the recording of hemodynamic data. Tiletamine-zolazepam administered to conscious dogs resulted in good, rapid induction of anesthesia. Time to sternal recumbency (recovery) was dose-dependent. Character of recovery tended to be better with the lower dose. Tiletamine-zolazepam caused significant increases in heart rate after all doses and significant increases in cardiac output after the two larger doses. All doses caused significant decreases in arterial blood pressure at 1 minute. Arterial blood pressures returned to baseline and then increased significantly above baseline values. The rate of development of left ventricular pressure was significantly decreased 1 minute after the two higher doses, returned to normal, and then was significantly increased above baseline for all doses. Peripheral vascular resistance increased transiently 1 minute after the 6.6 mg/kg dose. Peripheral vascular resistance decreased significantly after the 13.2 and 19.8 mg/kg doses. Minute ventilation was significantly decreased only after the 19.8 mg/kg dose.
Uniqueness in the Cauchy problem for weakly hyperbolic operators not satisfying Levi conditions

Abstract Local uniqueness of solutions to the Cauchy problem is shown for certain classes of operators whose principal part is an even power of a strictly hyperbolic operator and whose lower order terms satisfy finite order zero conditions instead of the usual Levi conditions.
The Influence of Multiple Administrations of a State Achievement Test on Passing Rates for Student Groups.

The stakes of large-scale testing programs have grown considerably in the past decade with the enactment of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and Race To The Top (RTTT) legislations. A significant component of NCLB has been required reporting of annual yearly progress (AYP) of student subgroups disaggregated by sex, special education status, English language proficiency, and race/ethnicity. In this study we address the implications of a state policy that allows students to have multiple test opportunities to reach proficiency within an academic year, and its effect on passing rates. We found through logistic regression analyses that additional testing opportunities benefited specific majority student subgroups: White, non-free or reduced lunch program, non- limited English proficient, general education, and students close to the proficiency score. As states move to new achievement standards and assessments in 2015, policymakers may want to assess the potential benefits and costs of a multiple testing policy.
Towards Temporal Relation Discovery from the Clinical Narrative

Disease progression and understanding relies on temporal concepts. Discovery of automated temporal relations and timelines from the clinical narrative allows for mining large data sets of clinical text to uncover patterns at the disease and patient level. Our overall goal is the complex task of building a system for automated temporal relation discovery. As a first step, we evaluate enabling methods from the general natural language processing domain - deep parsing and semantic role labeling in predicate-argument structures - to explore their portability to the clinical domain. As a second step, we develop an annotation schema for temporal relations based on TimeML. In this paper we report results and findings from these first steps. Our next efforts will scale up the data collection to develop domain-specific modules for the enabling technologies within Mayo’s open-source clinical Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction System.
Bench-Scale Phytoremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Marine Sediment with Tropical Plants

ABSTRACT Elevated levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found in dredged marine sediment from Pearl Harbor. The degradation of PAHs was investigated with soil-sediment systems (washed and unwashed) and 20 plant species. Marine sediment was diluted with native soil in the first experiment. Sediment was washed with gypsum solution and water in the second and third experiments, respectively, prior to soil dilution. Soil dilution ratios were 0, 6, 16, and 37% by weight in the first experiment, 0, 37, 64, and 100% in the second and 0, 18, 64, and 100% in the third. Seven tree, nine shrub, and four grass species were grown for 12 weeks in a glasshouse. A “no plant” control was used in all the experiments. Several plant species yielded up to 90% PAH degradation in the first experiment when compared with no plant control. In the second planting, dwarf hau (Hibiscus tiliaceus) and vetiver (Vetiver zizanoides) appeared to cause the greatest PAH reduction, while paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) and nau...
A Markov model for dynamic behavior of ToA-based ranging in indoor localization

The existence of undetected direct path (UDP) conditions causes occurrence of unexpected large random ranging errors which pose a serious challenge to precise indoor localization using time of arrival (ToA). Therefore, analysis of the behavior of the ranging error is essential for the design of precise To A-based indoor localization systems. In this paper, we propose a novel analytical framework for the analysis of the dynamic spatial variations of ranging error observed by a mobile user based on an application of Markov chain. The model relegates the behavior of ranging error into four main categories associated with four states of the Markov process. The parameters of distributions of ranging error in each Markov state are extracted from empirical data collected from a measurement calibrated ray tracing (RT) algorithm simulating a typical office environment. The analytical derivation of parameters of the Markov model employs the existing path loss models for the first detected path and total multipath received power in the same office environment. Results of simulated errors from the Markov model and actual errors from empirical data show close agreement.
Periodic Solutions to a Population Equation

This chapter describes the periodic solutions to a population equation. It presents the solutions of the equation x ( t ) = γx ( t + y ) dy, γ > 0 , 0 ≤ δ≤ 1 that satisfy 0 ( t ) δ = 0 are x ( t ) = 0 and x ( t ) = 1 − 1 /γ . The former is asymptotically stable when 0 γ = 1, while the latter is when 1 = γ . It is convenient to scale time so that in terms of the new time, the minimal period of the oscillation is unity. The scaling is ξ = ωt, ω > 0, and ω must be determined as a part of the solution.
Optical Proxies for Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter in Estuaries and Coastal Waters

Optical proxies, especially DOM fluorescence, were used to track terrestrial DOM fluxes through estuaries and coastal waters by comparing models developed for several coastal ecosystems. Key to using optical properties is validating and calibrating them with chemical measurements, such as lignin-derived phenols - a proxy to quantify terrestrial DOM. Utilizing parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), and comparing models statistically using the OpenFluor database (http://www.openfluor.org) we have found common, ubiquitous fluorescing components which correlate most strongly with lignin phenol concentrations in several estuarine and coastal environments. Optical proxies for lignin were computed for the following regions: Mackenzie River Estuary, Atchafalaya River Estuary, Charleston Harbor, Chesapeake Bay, and Neuse River Estuary. The slope of linear regression models relating CDOM absorption at 350 nm (a350) to DOC and to lignin, varied 5 to 10 fold among systems. Where seasonal observations were available from a region, there were distinct seasonal differences in equation parameters for these optical proxies. Despite variability, overall models using single linear regression were developed that related dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration to CDOM (DOC = 40×a350+138; R2 = 0.77; N = 130) and lignin (Σ8) to CDOM (Σ8 = 2.03×a350-0.5; R2 = 0.87; N = 130). This wide variability suggested that local or regional optical models should be developed for predicting terrestrial DOM flux into coastal oceans and taken into account when upscaling to remote sensing observations and calibrations.
Crystallization of Silicon Pyrophosphate from Silicophosphate Glasses as Monitored by Multi-Nuclear NMR

Binary silicophosphate glasses containing between 7 and 35 mol% P 2 O 5 were made by conventional melt quenching techniques and characterized by 29 Si and 31 P NMR spectroscopy. 31 P and 29 Si NMR data show that, as the P 2 O 5 content is raised in these glasses, the network connectivity is decreased by a dilution of the silicate network with less polymerized Q 3 phosphate groups. In addition to such changes in the network structure, 29 Si NMR spectra for the most P 2 O 5 -rich glasses reveal the presence of silicon atoms with 5- and 6-fold coordination. These species increase in concentration with increasing P 2 O 5 above approximately 30 mol% P 2 O 5 . Self-nucleating SiP 2 O 7 glass-ceramics can be formed from the binary silicophosphate glasses with >25mol% P 2 O 5 . 29 Si and 31 P NMR results were used to monitor the crystallization of SiP 2 O 7 by providing details on amount of crystallinity, relative grain sizes and even composition of the residual glassy matrix. Stabilization of octahedral Si as well as the onset of phase separation correlates with propensity for crystallization of SiP 2 O 7 during subsequent heat treatment.
Dogmatism and Acceptance of New Products

A two-category typology of new consumer products was used to investigate the relationship between consumer personality characteristics and acceptance of new products. It was found that the influenc...
Spatial Shift in the Utilization of Mental Health Services After Hurricane Sandy Among New York City Residents Enrolled in Medicaid.

OBJECTIVE: Closure of several New York City (NYC) hospitals after Hurricane Sandy caused an unanticipated, extended surge in patient demand at open hospitals. This study identified hospitals with a significant increase in mental-health-related emergency department, inpatient, and outpatient visits from Medicaid patients displaced by Hurricane Sandy. METHODS: NYC Medicaid patients were classified into non-mutually-exclusive geographic categories corresponding to residence in areas served by Bellevue Hospital Center and Coney Island Hospital, the hurricane impact area, and all of NYC. For each geographic region, we compared the observed to the expected number of service visits in the 6 months after the storm. The expected number of visits was calculated from 2-year trends in mental health claims. RESULTS: Twenty-four facilities in all 5 NYC boroughs experienced patient redistribution from storm-affected areas. Eighteen facilities had a concurrent surge in total Medicaid patients, which suggested that redistribution had a greater impact on resource use at these locations. CONCLUSIONS: The redistribution of Medicaid patients after Hurricane Sandy increased mental health service utilization at facilities not near flooded areas. Our findings can aid in surge capacity planning and thereby improve the continuity of mental health care after a natural disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 8). Language: en
Myocardial metabolism and coronary flow: effects of endotoxemia.

The effects of sublethal endotoxemia on the regulation of coronary flow by myocardial metabolism were examined in the isolated perfused heart preparation. Fasted Sprague-Dawley rats were injected (ip) with either endotoxin (0.5 mg/kg of body wt) or 5% dextrose 12 h before heart perfusion. The efficacy of endotoxin treatment was determined by measurement of plasma [NH3] and [urea] and colonic temperature. During perfusion with buffer containing glucose-pyruvate, oxygen consumption and coronary flow were increased by 17 and 42%, respectively, in hearts from endotoxin-treated rats as compared with those from controls. In the hearts from endotoxemic animals, the mitochondrial [NAD+]/[NADH] was decreased by approximately 25%, and the active form of pyruvate dehydrogenase was increased by 36% as compared with control hearts. [ATP]f/[ADP]f[Pi] was unaltered. The enhanced metabolic rate was associated with comparable changes in peak systolic pressure development, maximal positive and negative dP/dt, and the tension-time index when measured in the isovolumetric preparation. In these hearts, stimulation of respiration by perfusion with an alternate source of fuel or inhibition by infusion of amytal elicited large, transient increases in the level of coronary flow that returned rapidly to prestimulus values. By contrast, in hearts from controls, the transient increase in flow was coupled to sustained vasodilation, i.e., approximately 30% rise in flow for either metabolic condition. In both groups, [ATP]f/[ADP]f[Pi] either increased or decreased with stimulation or inhibition of respiration, respectively. Adenosine (1.2 microM) produced a 35% increase in flow in the hearts from the control animals, whereas it was without significant effect in those from the endotoxin-treated animals. It is concluded that sublethal endotoxemia causes 1) an increased metabolic rate and enhanced mechanical activity in the heart and 2) an uncoupling of flow from regulation by cardiac metabolism.
Natriuresis during and early after cardiopulmonary bypass: relationship to atrial natriuretic factor, aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone.

Because neurohumoral responses to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are similar to those seen in shock, CPB might be expected to decrease renal blood flow; yet diuresis is commonly observed during and early after routine cardiac procedures with CPB. To examine this apparent paradox, we studied 15 patients before, during, and after CPB for coronary artery bypass grafting. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor (α-ANF), aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and urinary sodium excretion were measured before anesthesia, after sternotomy but before CPB, at 15 and 30 minutes of CPB, and at 15 and 30 minutes after discontinuation of CPB. α-ANF increased only slightly during CPB, and the intital natriuresis during CPB occurred in the presence of a markedly increased ADH level. After CPB ended, urine flow and sodium excretion increased in conjunction with increased α-ANF and normal ADH. We conclude that the early natriuresis during CPB occurs in the presence of a high ADH concentration, with no significant increase in plasma α-ANF. This may be a paradoxic response to supraphysiologic levels of ADH. The natriuresis after CPB appears to be strongly associated with increasesd α-ANF, present for at least the first 30 minutes after CPB, which could reflect α-ANF release resulting from atrial distention during volume loading.
Treatment of eosinophilic otitis media with pegylated interferon-α 2a and 2b

Objective/Hypothesis Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is a variant of chronic otitis media that is characterized by the development of thick mucoid middle ear effusion, adult onset bronchial asthma, sinonasal polyposis, and aspirin sensitivity. EOM is typically refractory to corticosteroid therapy and surgical intervention. Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) has effectively treated hypereosinophilic syndrome in clinical trials; however, the efficacy of this medication for EOM treatment remains undefined. Study Design Retrospective, case series, tertiary academic center. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on EOM patients from 2008–2014. A total of 32 patients met the clinical criteria for EOM according to established diagnostic guidelines. Outcomes of all patients with severe, refractory EOM who initiated PEG-IFN therapy are reported. Results Eight patients were treated with pegylated interferon-α 2a or 2b for refractory EOM. Half of the patients had significant side effects with interferon treatment. Three of these were able to continue at a reduced dosage without side effect reoccurrence, and one patient stopped the medication permanently. Four of eight (50%) patients had a complete clinical response with total resolution of otorrhea and normalization of middle ear mucosa, and were able to discontinue corticosteroid treatment. Two patients attempted to stop PEG-IFN therapy after prolonged symptom remission and had recurrent otorrhea. Both patients had symptom resolution after PEG-IFN reinitiation. Conclusions These data demonstrate that pegylated interferon-α 2a and 2b therapy may benefit patients with severe, refractory EOM. Further larger studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate these early but promising results. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 127:1208–1216, 2017
Taking Human Performance to the Next Level (with FLARE)

This paper introduces a comprehensive methodology for achieving optimal human performance in a variety of professional settings, including highly challenging ones. This methodology harnesses the power of empirically validated biofeedback and mindfulness techniques. As part of this methodology, I present a step-by-step approach to training, including an easy-to-use technique called FLARE.
Using capability profiles for appliance aggregation

We describe how several existing standards try to address specific use cases for appliance aggregation. These standards all rely on devices being able to describe their capabilities to other devices. In order to do this, each standard defines its own idiosyncratic profile structure and profile vocabulary. Furthermore applications using this information often need to perform standard tasks such as selection, generation or adaptation based on this information. The problems of devising profile vocabularies, profile structures and matching and selection algorithms are already being explored in the adaptable Web delivery project in HP Labs. We discuss the relevance of this work to appliance aggregation and highlights steps that can be taken to resolve the current proliferation of standards.
Girls’ picky eating in childhood is associated with normal weight status from ages 5 to 15 y

Background: Picky eating has been associated with lower weight status and limited food intake and variety in childhood. Little is known about how the persistence of picky eating in childhood is associated with changes in weight and food intake from childhood into adolescence. Objective: We determined whether picky eating identified in childhood was related to growth, nutrition, and parental use of pressure over a 10-y period. Design: Non-Hispanic white girls (n = 181) participated in a longitudinal study and were assessed biannually from ages 5 to 15 y. The Child Feeding Questionnaire was used to classify girls as persistent picky eaters or nonpicky eaters and to assess parental use of pressure to eat. Height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI) z scores at each occasion. Three 24-h dietary recalls obtained at each occasion were used to determine intakes of fruit and vegetables. With the use of repeated-measures analyses, differences between persistent picky eaters and nonpicky eaters in BMI z scores, dietary intake, and use of pressure were examined. Results: From ages 5 to 15 y, persistent picky eaters (n = 33; 18%) had lower BMI (tracking at the 50th percentile) than did nonpicky eaters (n = 148; tracking at the 65th percentile) (P = 0.02). Persistent picky eaters were less likely to be overweight into adolescence. Both groups consumed less than the recommended amounts of fruit and vegetables, although persistent picky eaters had lower intakes of vegetables than did nonpicky eaters at all time points (P = 0.02). Persistent picky eaters also received higher amounts of pressure (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Findings that persistent picky eaters were within the normal weight range, were less likely to be overweight, and had similar fruit intakes to those of nonpicky eaters suggest that higher parental concerns about persistent picky eaters are unwarranted. All parents and children could benefit from evidence-based anticipatory guidance on alternatives to coercive feeding practices to increase fruit and vegetable consumption.
Geometric and Electronic Structure Analysis of the Three-Membered Electron-Transfer Series [(μ-CNR)2[CpCo]2]n (n = 0, 1–, 2−) and Its Relevance to the Classical Bridging-Carbonyl System

The dimeric bridging carbonyl complexes [(μ-CO)2[CpCo]2]n (n = 0, 1−) have occupied a central position in the understanding of metal–metal bonding interactions when bridging ligands are present. Based on simple electron-counting formalisms, these dimers have been proposed to possess formal Co–Co bond orders of 2 and 1.5, respectively. However, this simple bonding scheme has been contrasted by molecular orbital theory considerations, as well as spectroscopic data that probes M–M bonding interactions generally. While this system has received considerable attention, there has been a long-standing synthetic limitation in that the doubly reduced dianionic dimer, [(μ-CO)2[CpCo]2]2–, has not been amenable to isolation, thereby precluding an analysis of ostensible full-integer reduction in a homologous series. Accordingly, herein is presented the synthesis of a homologous, three-membered series of bridging-isocyanide [(μ-CNAr)2[CpCo]2]n dimers, including the dianionic member. Structural and spectroscopic analyses...