cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Influence of thymus cells on erythropoiesis of parental marrow in irradiated hybrid mice.

SummaryLiving parental thymus cells injected into heavily irradiated F1 hybrid recipients augmented erythropoiesis resulting from transplanted bone marrow from the same, but not the second, parental strain. The augmentation increased as parental thymus cell dose was increased. Thymus cells alone, regardless of origin, gave rise to no erythropoiesis. When recipient spleen weight, 8 days after marrow transplantation, was used as a criterion of marrow growth, the data for parental cell doses 4 × 107 and above paralleled those from 59Fe-uptake studies in the same mice. Parental thymus cells were effective even when administered 1 to 2 days before or after the marrow transplant.
Price partitioning on the Internet

The Internet provides managers with opportunities to monitor and manage their pricing strategies and tactics with minimum costs. Partitioning the total product sale price into a base price and various surcharges, such as shipping and handling, taxes, and other fees, is one way to manage price structures online. Using three experiments, our research shows that appropriate online price partitioning may enhance consumers’ purchase intentions, perceived value, and price satisfaction, and reduce further information search intentions. The effect of price partitioning is due to both consumers’ insufficiently adjusting for the surcharge and the clarity of the price structure provided. However, when multiple surcharges are added to partition the price further, these positive effects may decline leading to an inverted “U” shape function of partitioning on price perceptions. Finally, the amount and the way the surcharges are presented are important factors to consider when designing an effective price partitioning structure.
Concerns of Secondary Students with a History of Learning Disabilities: A Pilot Study:

was administered to 21 subjects, aged 15 to 17 yr. Ten of the subjects had histories of identified learning disabilities since at least Grade 6 and had been receiving remedial educational services. There were no other identified handicaps or medical problems. The Scholastic Testing Service Youth Inventory is a problems checklist (167 items) giving subjects an opportunity to express personal, social, and academic concerns. Alternative responses to each item permit the subject to indicate the intensity of the concern: serious, moderate, occasional or non-existent. Subjects were tested simultaneously, and the 167 items were read aloud by the examiner to compensate for deficient reading skills. A two-tailed t test was performed to compare the mean responses to each of the 167 items. Fourteen items were identified as statistically significant and indicative of the problems of the learning disabled subjects. These items were: I am a slow reader (t 4.31, df = 19, p < .01); I have trouble taking notes in class (t = 2.81, df = 19, < .05); I have trouble keeping up with my homework (t = 2.25, df = 19, P < .05); I would quit school now if I could (t = 2.49, df = 19, p < .05); I have trouble writing good essays (t = 2.49, df = 19, p < .01); I wish my teachers would make assignments more clear (t = 4.25, df = 19, p < .01); I would like to take courses that are not offered in my school (t = 2.64, df = 19, p < .05) ; I need more information about trade schools (t = 2.98, df = 19, p < .01); I have trouble keeping my temper (t = 2.27. df = 19, p < .05); I am too nervous (t = 2.17, df = 19, p < .05); I am always thinking up alibis (t = 3.01, df = 19, fl < .01); I get sick too often (t = 2.91, df = 19, p < .01); I want to become a leader in my group (t = 2.35, df = 19, p < .05); Many people
Activation of rat lung particulate guanylate cyclase by cholesterol-sequestering agents.

Abstract Naturally occurring cholesterol-sequestering agents, digitonin, cereolysin and streptolysin O, activated rat lung particulate guanylate cyclase. Particulate enzyme treated with digitonin and cereolysin was further activated by sodium nitroprusside. Digitonin and cereolysin lowered sodium nitroprusside activation of the rat lung soluable guanylate cyclase. Activation of the particulate guanylate cyclase by digitonin and cereolysin was not due to the solubilization of the enzyme.
Single disperser design for compressive, single-snapshot spectral imaging

Recent theoretical work in "compressed sensing" can be exploited to guide the design of accurate, single-snapshot, static, high-throughput spectral imaging systems. A spectral imager provides a three-dimensional data cube in which the spatial information of the image is complemented by spectral information about each spatial location. In this paper, compressive, single-snapshot spectral imaging is accomplished via a novel static design consisting of a coded input aperture, a single dispersive element and a detector. The proposed "single disperser" design described here mixes spatial and spectral information on the detector by measuring coded projections of the spectral datacube that are induced by the coded input aperture. The single disperser uses fewer optical elements and requires simpler optical alignment than our dual disperser design. We discuss the prototype instrument, the reconstruction algorithm used to generate accurate estimates of the spectral datacubes, and associated experimental results.
Do Online Exams Facilitate Cheating? An Experiment Designed to Separate Possible Cheating from the Effect of the Online Test Taking Environment

Despite recent growth in distance education, there has been relatively little research on whether online examinations facilitate student cheating. The present paper utilizes an experimental design to assess the difference in student performance between students taking a traditional, proctored exam and those taking an online, unproctored exam. This difference in performance is examined in a manner which considers both the effect of the different physical test environments and the possible effect of a difference in the opportunity for students to cheat. This study, utilizing regression models that also account for relevant control variables, examines 44 undergraduate statistics students, finds evidence that the difference in the testing environment creates a disadvantage to students taking the online exam which somewhat offsets the advantage that the unproctored students gain from greater opportunities to cheat.
Factors affecting ductile fracture in offshore gas pipelines

The results are presented of experimental research conducted during the past 3 year with the objective of understanding ductile fracture propagation in the offshore environment. Experiments have been conducted to examine decompression phenomenon inside the carrier pipe when the exhausting gas is in a simulated deep-water environment. Ductile fracture experiments of 12-inch pipe in a simulated deep offshore environment also have been examined. The most current research is designed to examine the pressure waves in the water surrounding the pipeline that are caused by the sudden release of gas from a rupture and the resulting lower differential pressure across the pipe wall thickness. The research to date suggests that long running ductile fracture propagation in an offshore pipline is less probable than in an onshore pipeline. Future research is planned with a full-scale experiment in a water-filled quarry and in the real offshore environment.
Shifts in hemispheric advantage during familiarization with complex visual patterns

Abstract Twenty females unfamiliar with kanji were given a recognition task involving tachistoscopic presentation of kanji to the right and left visual fields. Repeated exposure to these novel stimuli resulted in significantly increased competence at the task. To analyze different approaches to the task, subjects were divided into an initial left visual field advantage and an initial right visual field advantage group. Over the course of the experiment subjects in the initial left visual field advantage group shifted from a left to a right visual field advantage, showing both a linear trend and a quadratic trend, while the initial right visual field advantage group showed only a quadratic trend. The results are consistent with observations in other novel stimuli situations which have demonstrated a shift in hemispheric advantage from right to left with increased competence and which have demonstrated individual differences in the pattern of shifting hemispheric advantage.
An Experimental Investigation of the Rhombic EMP Simulator Under Pulse Excitation

The rhombic simulator excited by a pulse generator is investigated experimentally. The voltage pulse at the driving point of the simulator and the associated current pulses that travel along the conducting tubes that form the rhombus have been measured with different loads. The complex sequence of electromagnetic pulses (including the incident pulse, the reflected pulses from the load, and other reflection points) have been measured on the metal ground plane. The origin (localization) of each pulse has been carried out. From the Fourier transformation of the waveforms in the time domain, the spectrum of the electromagnetic pulse in the frequency domain is obtained. It is shown that the characteristics of the simulator with the two types of excitation (continuous wave and pulse) are consistent.
SU-E-QI-10: Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging for MR-Guided Cryoablation

Purpose: Percutaneous renal cryoablation for renal tumors has been shown to be nephron sparing and have low morbidity. Post-treatment verification of the ablated tissue often utilizes contrast-enhanced MR imaging (ce-MRI) to assess the region of altered perfusion. However, particularly within this population, some patients are contraindicated for contrast injection. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI is a technique that measures diffusion and perfusion characteristics from the measured diffusion signals of multiple b values. In this study, IVIM MRI is evaluated versus ce-MRI to assess its feasibility for differentiating normal and ablated tissue. Methods: Under real-time MR guidance, 3 cryoprobes were introduced to a patient with renal cell carcinoma in the right kidney. Two cycles of cryoablation were performed with each cycle consisting of 12 minutes and a thaw cycle of 10 minutes. Dynamic ce-MRI was performed following the last thaw cycle and diffusion-weighted imaging. IVIM MRI was obtained using a respiratory navigator triggered single-shot echo planar imaging sequence on a 1.5T clinical scanner. The diffusion coefficient D and the perfusion f parameters were estimated by fitting the diffusion for b values higher and lower than 200 sec/mm2 signal, respectively, using the IVIM model. Regions of interest (ROI) were manually placed in non-enhancing and enhancing regions according to the post-treatment contrast-enhanced images and compared to one another. Results: The perfusion fraction and diffusion coefficient values decreased in the ablated tissue (5.51 ± 7.28 and 0.94 ± .30) compared to the normal kidney tissue (13.13 ± 10.37 and 1.68 ± 0.22). The perfusion fraction and diffusion coefficient maps demonstrate good agreement with the contrast-enhanced images. Conclusion: In these preliminary results, the use of IVIM parameters could help verify treatment without the use of contrast. In the future, more patients undergoing MRguided cryoablation will be analyzed to determine the accuracy of these damage predictions.
The concentration and chemical status of arsenic in the early placentas of arsenate-dosed hamsters

We determined the concentration and chemical status of arsenic in the placentas of hamsters following continuous exposure via the osmotic minipump to minimally and frankly teratogenic doses of arsenate. Close to 70% of the placental arsenic is bound to macromolecules, two-thirds of which is dialyzable. The remaining 30% of arsenic consists of low molecular weight species, predominantly inorganic arsenic. This mix is the same for minimally teratogenic and frankly teratogenic doses of arsenate.
CSDL: A Conceptual Schema Definition Language for the Design of Data Base Applications

A language to support the incremental design of the conceptual schemata of data bases is presented. Abstractions are expressed in terms of high-evel constructs and operations on these abstractions allow the definition of other abstractions. Both abstractions and operations on them are totally independent from the underlying internal representation of the schema, which is created consistently by applying the operators of the language. In addition, the language offers a. number of support facilities for type checking of relationships and graphical displays of the conceptual schemata for easier understanding.
Reduced cell proliferation by IKK2 depletion in a mouse lung-cancer model

Lung cancer is one of the leading cancer malignancies, with a five-year survival rate of only ~15%. We have developed a lentiviral-vector-mediated mouse model, which enables generation of non-small-cell lung cancer from less than 100 alveolar epithelial cells, and investigated the role of IKK2 and NF-κB in lung-cancer development. IKK2 depletion in tumour cells significantly attenuated tumour proliferation and significantly prolonged mouse survival. We identified Timp1, one of the NF-κB target genes, as a key mediator for tumour growth. Activation of the Erk signalling pathway and cell proliferation requires Timp-1 and its receptor CD63. Knockdown of either Ikbkb or Timp1 by short hairpin RNAs reduced tumour growth in both xenograft and lentiviral models. Our results thus suggest the possible application of IKK2 and Timp-1 inhibitors in treating lung cancer.
Adult Presentation of X-Linked Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndrome

Conradi-Hunermann-Happle syndrome, or X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata type 2 (CDPX2), is a genodermatosis caused by mutations in EBP. While typically lethal in males, females with CDPX2 generally manifest by infancy or childhood with variable features including congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, chondrodysplasia punctata, asymmetric shortening of the long bones, and cataracts. We present a 36-year-old female with short stature, rhizomelic and asymmetric limb shortening, severe scoliosis, a sectorial cataract, and no family history of CDPX2. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a p.Arg63del mutation in EBP, and biochemical studies confirmed a diagnosis of CDPX2. Short stature in combination with ichthyosis or alopecia, cataracts, and limb shortening in an adult should prompt consideration of a diagnosis of CDPX2. As in many genetic syndromes, the hallmark features of CDPX2 in pediatric patients are not readily identifiable in adults. This demonstrates the utility of WES as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of adults with genetic disorders.
Evaluation of local synthesis of axonal proteins in the goldfish Mauthner cell axon and axons of dorsal and ventral roots of the rat in vitro.

Abstract Polypeptides labeled in axons, in the myelin sheath, and in nerve cell bodies with [35S]methionine were analyzed separately in cytologically pure microscopic samples after incubation in vitro. Labeled polypeptides were evaluated and compared in (i) the goldfish Mauthner (M) cell axon and its myelin sheath and (ii) dorsal and ventral root axons, corresponding Schwann cell/myelin sheaths, and dorsal root ganglion cells in the rat. In all cases, polypeptides in axonal samples were not labeled in the presence of cycloheximide. Labeling patterns in the M-cell axon and in axons of dorsal and ventral roots were complex, neuronal in character, and distinctive in comparison with the myelin sheath. In all instances, tubulin and actin were labeled. Evidence is adduced that the myelin sheath of the M-cell axon appears also to have a local capacity for endogenous protein synthesis. The results reported here suggest that a number of constituent proteins of slow transport groups in myelinated axons probably turnover during transport and are replaced by local endogenous protein synthesis.
Comparison of time‐ and frequency‐domain techniques for wind velocity estimation using multiple‐receiver MF radar data

Multiple-receiver MF radar returns from the mesosphere are used to investigate the relationship between spaced antenna (SA), radar interferometry (RI), and imaging Doppler interferometry (IDI) wind estimation techniques. Our results show that frequency-domain (RI and IDI) and time-domain (SA) techniques yield almost identical results under high SNR conditions suitable for SA full correlation analysis (FCA).
Effects of failure in a complex decision-making task on perceptions of cost, profit and certainty☆

Abstract Dyad decision-making teams spent seven consecutive half-hour periods playing a complex internation game containing tactical, economic, negotiation and intelligence components. Although the subjects assumed that they were affecting their environment, the game was pre-programmed. Teams received seven informative messages per one-half hour period. Increasing failure was induced by increasing the proportion of failure to neutral messages over periods. After each one-half hour period, subjects indicated their present and anticipated cost, profit and certainty estimates on rating scales. Increasing failure produced generally rising cost level estimates. A discrepancy between actually experienced (present) and anticipated cost levels under low failure levels produced an “optimistic” outlook by subjects that expressed itself in initially steady profit estimates and initially rising certainty estimates. Under higher failure levels, profit and certainty estimates were inversely related to (increasing) cost estimates. It is suggested that under low failure levels, perceptions of psycho-economic conditions in complex environments may be multiply determined. However, as failure levels increase (and optimism is absent), perceptions of psycho-economic conditions may be determined by the most salient environmental characteristic.
Exploring design-related bias in clinical studies on receptor genetic polymorphism of hypertension.

Abstract Background and Objectives Although several candidate genes of Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS) have been investigated, the gene–drug relationship remains unclear. The objective was to appraise the elements of research methodology and explore potential biases, which may be contributing to discordant results in the gene–drug interaction assessment for RAAS. Methods Systematic review of studies involving candidate polymorphisms, searching PubMed, and EMBASE. Results Sixteen studies were identified. Nine studies had a genomic evaluation as the primary question. Six studies investigated more than one gene. A gene–drug interaction was evaluated in two studies and only one of the studies had a placebo arm for accurately exploring the interaction. Almost, 90% of the studies had sample sizes of less than 500 patients. Four studies combined the allele frequencies of the heterozygotes group with one of the homozygotes groups. Almost one quarter of the studies combined different therapeutics in one group. Five studies included patients in one group from previous studies in which selection criteria were not quite similar. Conclusion Most studies contain several methodological limitations. Also biases driven from patient selection, combining different alleles, combining different therapeutics, and combining end points may have occurred in these studies. These limitations and biases may contribute to inconsistency of the results of these studies.
The Qualification of Safety Critical Structures by Finite Element Analytical Methods

The paper introduces the concept of certifying or qualifying structures in a safety critical situation using the finite element method. Error control and error treatment methods for this purpose are discussed together with the associated role of testing. The underlying methodology follows the principles laid down in the SAFESA (SAFE Structural Analysis) method which is described in outline.
Connect—A New Column

Connect is a column that will explore opportunities for libraries to foster, build, and strategically expand connections in the many forms they take. It is true that unifying metaphors, such as connect, have their limitations and can be prone to simplification or generalization, but they can also serve a useful purpose. The idea of connecting has a tangible sense beyond the figurative. It is for this reason I feel that connect works well as a rubric for organizing our thoughts regarding the present state of library services within the changing horizon of academia. It is also why I think that the concept makes a fruitful header for a column dedicated to such exploration. This first article sets the broader stage for the idea of connections, presenting a wider breadth and sampling of views, concepts, and possible issues. Future articles will explore in greater depth topics of relevance to academic libraries that highlight successful connections.
A Comparative Study of Digital Library Use: Factors, Perceived Influences, and Satisfaction

Abstract This study explores the extent to which undergraduate and graduate students in China differ in their digital library use. Unlike the factors promoting digital library use, non-use factors, perceived influences, and degree of satisfaction are quite different between undergraduate and graduate students due to their differing emphases and expectations for information. The implications for digital library services are also discussed.
Sum rules for the longitudinal response in inclusive electron scattering.

The cross section for the absorption of a virtual longitudinal photon in inclusive inelastic electron scattering from nuclei is governed by the quark (charge) density-density correlation function. In this work we assume that quarks are localized in nucleons and show that we can then describe the longitudinal response in terms of nucleon degrees of freedom. Our calculations make use of medium-modified nucleon form factors we have introduced previously. We discuss the Coulomb sum rule and present results of calculations of the integrated longitudinal response made using a relativistic Fermi-gas model of the nucleus. We predict that the integrated response is quenched by about 30 percent at Vertical BarqVertical Bar = 410 MeV and about 45 percent at Vertical BarqVertical Bar = 550 MeV for /sup 56/Fe. Our predictions appear to be in accord with the data for the integrated response function and support our prediction of increased nucleon size in nuclei.
Synthesis and characterization of glassy carbon nanowires

The advent of carbon-based micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems has revived the interest in glassy carbon, whose properties are relatively unknown at lower dimensions. In this paper, electrical conductivity of individual glassy carbon nanowires was measured as a function of microstructure (controlled by heat treatment temperature) and ambient temperature. The semiconducting nanowires with average diameter of 150nm were synthesized from polyfurfuryl alcohol precursors and characterized using transmission electron and Raman microscopy. DC electrical measurements made at 90 K to 450 K show very strong dependence of temperature, following mixed modes of activation energy and hopping-based conduction.
Intranasal drug delivery of didanosine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for brain targeting; an attractive route against infections caused by AIDS viruses.

The primary aim of this study was to investigate intranasal (i.n.) administration as a potential route to enhance systemic and brain delivery of didanosine (ddI). A further aim was to investigate the potential use of chitosan nanoparticles as a delivery system to enhance the systemic and brain targeting efficiency of ddI following i.n. administration. Didanosine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, were prepared through ionotropic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphonate anions, and characterized in terms of their size, drug loading, and in vitro release. The nanoparticles were administered i.n. to rats, compared to i.n. and intravenous (i.v.) administration of ddI in solution. The concentrations of ddI in blood, CSF, and brain tissues were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC/MS). The brain/plasma, olfactory bulb/plasma and CSF/plasma concentration ratios were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after i.n. administration of ddI nanoparticles or solution than those after i...
Treating symptomatic carotid artery disease: deciding between carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy - balancing the risks

Ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death in the USA [1,2] and is an important cause of major morbidity and mortality both in the USA and worldwide. Carotid artery disease amenable to revascularization accounts for 5–12% of new strokes [3,4]. Carotid artery angioplasty and stenting (CAS) has evolved as an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of extracranial carotid artery occlusive disease and the concept was first introduced in 1980 by Kerber et al. [5]. The initial problems associated with carotid angioplasty included vessel recoil and dissection and have been successfully addressed with the use of stents. The problems of luminal narrowing due to external compression forces and torsion, have been greatly reduced by the use of self-expanding stents, and distal embolization has been reduced by the use of embolic protection devices. However, CAS has raised much controversy regarding its safety, efficacy and criteria for patient selection.
Nanoelectrodes for Neuron Recording and Stimulation

Effective electronic neuron interface requires tight attachment between electronic devices and neuron cells. However, it is the nature of living cells to maintain an extracellular cleft between their membrane and the substrate which they adhere to, and the cleft contribute to most of the signal leakage. Nano-scale electrodes could enable tight attachment to cell membrane and thus form good electrical coupling with cultured neuron cells. We fabricate nano-electrodes by focused ion beam (FIB) Pt deposition. The electrodes are vertical aligned, and with diameter of 200 nm and height of 1 um. We cultured cortical neurons on the substrates with nanoelectrode arrays. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that neuron cells engulf nano-electrodes readily. The tight engulfment provides good electrical coupling between neuron cells and nano-electrodes. We also examine action potential recording and stimulation with nano-electrode arrays. Image 1 shows SEM images of neuron nano-electrodes interface. The cross section view of the interface is milled by FIB.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
Muslims as minorities: an outsider's perspective

(1991). Muslims as minorities: an outsider's perspective. Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs. Journal: Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1-22.
Multi-core Fiber Transmission Technologies for Peta b/s per Fiber Capacity

The recent development of transmission technologies based on multi-core space division multiplexing is described, which allows a per fiber link capacity of well over one Peta b/s.
Stories behind the symptoms: a qualitative analysis of the narratives of 9/11 rescue and recovery workers.

A qualitative study of the experiences of rescue and recovery workers/volunteers at Ground Zero following the terrorist attacks of 9/11/01 is reported. Information was extracted from a semi-structured clinical evaluation of 416 responders who were the initial participants in a large scale medical and mental health screening and treatment program for 9/11 responders. Qualitative analysis revealed themes that spanned four categories— occupational roles, exposures, attitudes/experiences, and outcomes related to the experience of Ground Zero. Themes included details regarding Ground Zero roles, grotesque experiences such as smells, the sense of the surreal nature of responding, and a turning to rituals to cope after leaving Ground Zero. These findings personalize the symptom reports and diagnoses that have resulted from the 9/11 responders’ exposure to Ground Zero, yielding richer information than would otherwise be available for addressing the psychological dimensions of disasters. This work shows that large scale qualitative surveillance of trauma-exposed populations is both relevant and feasible.
Nature-inspired position determination using inherent magnetic fields

Many creatures in nature, including butterflies, newts, and mole rats, use the Earth's inherent magnetic field for navigation. They use magnetic field lines and variations in field intensity to determine their geographical position. This paper seeks to apply similar techniques to measure the positions of individual ferromagnetic objects found all around us in everyday life. Ferromagnetic objects have inherent magnetic fields around them. We show here that the magnetic field variation around a ferromagnetic object can be modeled using purely the geometry of the object under consideration. By exploiting this model, the position of the object can be measured quite accurately using a small inexpensive magnetic sensor. Further, the use of just one additional redundant magnetic sensor can eliminate the need to calibrate the position measurement system. As demonstrated in the paper through a series of experimental results, the developed measurement system is applicable to accurate position measurement of small and large ferromagnetic objects, including cars on highways, oscillating pistons in internal combustion engines, pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, as well as moving parts in many machines.
Symmetric Mathematical Programs

Mathematical programs with S-convex and with symmetric objective and feasibility regions are investigated. Optimal solutions and algorithms are presented for both continuous and discrete optimization problems.
The Use of Breast Imaging to Screen Women at High Risk for Cancer

Although there currently is no evidence of reduced breast cancer mortality for screening women at high risk with mammography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, or ultrasonography (US), the presumptive evidence of early cancer detection provided by numerous observational studies has led to the publication of guidelines and recommendations for the selective use of these imaging modalities. In general, annual screening mammography is recommended for women of appropriately high risk beginning at age 30 years, supplemental screening with MR imaging is recommended for a subset of women at very high risk, and screening US is suggested for women for whom MR imaging is appropriate but unavailable, impractical, or poorly tolerated. The use of screening US remains controversial among women who have no substantial risk factors other than dense breasts.
A facile ketoxime preparation via the reduction of α,β-unsaturated nitroalkenes using sodium stannite

Abstract αβ-Unsaturated nitroalkenes are readily reduced by sodium stannite to ketoximes at room temperature.
Case Study for a Large Research Institution Library: The University of Georgia's Miller Learning Center

ABSTRACT The Zell B. Miller Learning Center (MLC) at the University of Georgia is a combined classroom, library, and computing facility. Designed as a “one-stop-shop,” students take classes, study, participate in group activities, write, research, and create all in the same place while faculty come to teach classes, meet with students, and receive technology training in the learning labs. Staff from the University Libraries, campus computing, and faculty support departments are all located at the MLC, making the building a truly collaborative endeavor.
Use of public health nurse competencies to develop a childcare health consultant workforce.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to describe the efforts in the state of Georgia to train public health nurse-childcare health consultants (PHN-CCHCs) using the framework of the “Core competencies for public health practice.” Objectives: The goal of the training was twofold: (1) to prepare a statewide cadre of PHNs as the primary workforce for Georgia's emerging childcare health consultation (CCHC) system and (2) to prepare their district nurse directors to lead and support CCHCs. Design: Administrators attended a 2-day workshop followed by access to executive coaching for their management teams. PHNs participated in a three-phase training program, with phases 1 and 3 offered as 3-day workshops with field experiences, and phase 2 offered online and as a practicum. Sample: Forty-four administrators and over 85 PHN-CCHCs completed the training. Results: Graduates of the program reported satisfaction with training and reported the use of PHN core competencies in CCHC. Graduates also found enhanced skills in using core competencies to be applicable to a variety of population-based practices. Beyond CCHC being instituted in selected health districts, interest in CCHC has occurred statewide. Conclusions: The PHN-CCHC program enhanced the knowledge and use of core competencies and heightened interest in CCHC statewide.
Oestrogen protects FKBP12.6 null mice from cardiac hypertrophy

FK506 binding proteins 12 and 12.6 (FKBP12 and FKBP12.6) are intracellular receptors for the immunosuppressant drug FK506 (ref. 1). The skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is isolated as a hetero-oligomer with FKBP12 (ref. 2), whereas the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) more selectively associates with FKBP12.6 (refs 3, 4, 5). FKBP12 modulates Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle and developmental cardiac defects have been reported in FKBP12-deficient mice, but the role of FKBP12.6 in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling remains unclear. Here we show that disruption of the FKBP12.6 gene in mice results in cardiac hypertrophy in male mice, but not in females. Female hearts are normal, despite the fact that male and female knockout mice display similar dysregulation of Ca2+ release, seen as increases in the amplitude and duration of Ca2+ sparks and calcium-induced calcium release gain. Female FKBP12.6-null mice treated with tamoxifen, an oestrogen receptor antagonist, develop cardiac hypertrophy similar to that of male mice. We conclude that FKBP12.6 modulates cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and that oestrogen plays a protective role in the hypertrophic response of the heart to Ca2+ dysregulation.
Transplantable osteosarcomas with high lung metastatic potential in Fischer 344 rats.

Both spontaneous (SOS) and 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (4-HAQO)-induced osteosarcomas (COS) could be serially transplanted in the subcutaneous back space of syngeneic F344 rats, the success rate becoming 100% within 5 passage generations. Transplanted tumors demonstrated rapid growth and displayed high potential for metastasis to the lung in later generations. Tbus, a 100% lung metastasis rate was observed for SOS after the 20th and for COS after the 14th generation. The histological features of the primary SOS and COS were retained during serial transfer. These model systems should be useful for investigation of the biology of this very important tumor type.
A review of thermo-mechanical considerations of high temperature materials for synchrotron applications

Abstract The third generation synchrotron facilities such as the 7-GeV Advanced Photon Source generate X-ray beams with very high heat load and heat flux levels. Certain front end and beamline components will be required to sustain total heat loads of 3.8 to 15 kW and heat flux levels exceeding 400 W/mm 2 even during the first phase of this project. Grazing geometry and enhanced heat transfer techniques in the design of such components reduce the heat flux levels below the 30 W/mm 2 level, which is sustainable by the special copper materials routinely used in the component design. Although the resulting maximum surface temperatures are sustainable, structural stresses and fatigue issues remain important concerns. Cyclic thermal loads have a propensity to cause spallation and thermal striping. As such, the steady-state part of the problem is much easier to understand and handle than the time-dependent part. Ease of bonding as well as ultrahigh vacuum and radiation compatibility are additional constraints on material selection for these components. The two copper materials, which are very commonly used in synchrotron components, are the traditional oxygen-free high-conductivity copper (OFHC) and the newer dispersion-strengthened copper, Glidcop. New materials are also appearing in heat sinks or heat spreaders that are bonded to the base copper in some fashion. These are either partially transparent to X-rays and have engineered volumetric heating and/or are very thermally conductive to spread the thermal load in a preferred way. These materials are reviewed critically for high-heat-load or high-heat-flux applications in synchrotrons.
Reinforcement sensitivity theory, vengeance, and forgiveness

Abstract We examined how the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation systems (BAS) predict vengefulness and forgiveness. Participants (N = 159) completed measures of BIS, BAS, vengefulness, and forgiveness of self, others, and situations. Initial regression analyses indicated that both BIS and BAS predicted vengefulness. Based on this finding, we examined whether Anxiety and Fear—components of the BIS—and three BAS subscales—Reward Responsiveness, Drive, and Fun-seeking—predicted vengefulness. Only BAS-Drive demonstrated statistically significant ability to predict vengefulness. Higher levels of BIS also predicted lower levels of self- and situational-forgiveness while BAS was not predictive. BIS and BAS did not predict other-forgiveness. The importance of modeling vengefulness and forgiveness within the context of the BIS/BAS distinction is discussed.
Investigation of X-ray imaging of vapor–liquid contactors. 2. Experiments and simulations of flows in an air–water contactor

Abstract Experimental studies and computer simulations were performed to evaluate the potential of X-ray imaging to quantify the hydraulic characteristics of a vapor–liquid contactor. Cross-sectional images of a 6-in-diameter air–water contactor containing Mellapak 500Y structured packing were obtained at various elevations, air flow rates, and liquid flow rates. In addition, stationary transmission measurements were obtained to provide an indication of the variability of flow in the contactor over the duration required to acquire an image. Computer simulations of the imaging technique were performed to validate the cause of ring-like artifacts observed in the images obtained from the experiments. It was concluded that the subpositions required for the pseudo-third-generation scan geometry are a primary cause of the artifacts.
Accelerated regression of carcinogen-induced preneoplastic hepatocyte foci by peroxisome proliferators, BR931, 4-chloro-6-(2, 3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinylthio (N-B-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

Enzyme altered preneoplastic hepatocyte foci were induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by a single injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) followed by dietary promotion of a choline-deficient (CD) diet for 4 weeks or by feeding a diet containing 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene for 4 weeks. BR931, a hypolipidemic agent, administered to rats bearing preneoplastic foci caused a rapid regression of the foci within 4-6 weeks. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), a plasticiser, exerted the similar effect when tested on rats bearing preneoplastic foci induced by DEN + CD diet. Since BR931 and DEHP have been shown to be carcinogenic after long term feeding, the results suggest that the short-term effects of the class of agents known as hypolipidemic peroxisome proliferators are different from the chronic effects. Alternatively, the precursor lesions of hepatocellular carcinomas induced by hypolipidemic, peroxisome proliferators may differ from enzyme altered hepatocytic foci.
Magnetic and electronic properties of Ni films, surfaces, and interfaces

Results of various calculations lead to a unified understanding of the magnetic behavior of thin nickel films. We thus explain disparate experimental results. We report results for magnetic and electronic properties of Ni films of one to five atomic layers on Cu (100) and (111), of the Ni-Cu (100) and (111) interfaces, and of the Ni (100) and (111) surfaces. Results are in good agreement with the few published calculations. We find that magnetization is suppressed at the Ni-Cu interface, but enhanced in isolated thin films. The net effect of this competition is that a Ni monolayer is substantially magnetic on Cu(100) but paramagnetic (or nearly so) on Cu(111). Film magnetization is found to be very sensitive to substrate composition. For substrates which couple strongly to the Ni film, ferromagnetism first appears at about three atomic layer Ni, in quantitative agreement with experiments based on Al and Pb-Bi substrates. The crucial mechanism acting to suppress Ni magnetization is $sp\ensuremath{-}d$ hybridization, just as in most Ni alloys.
Real-time signature verification using neural network algorithms to process optically extracted features

A technique for handwritten signature verification is proposed which combines the pattern recognition abilities of neural networks with the feature extraction capabilities of optics. This two-part technique enables real time signature verification based upon power spectrum features and stored linear least squares and Gaussian radial basis function neural network weights.
Acrolein consumption exacerbates myocardial ischemic injury and blocks nitric oxide-induced PKCε signaling and cardioprotection

Aldehydes are common reactive constituents of food, water and air. Several food aldehydes are potentially carcinogenic and toxic; however, the direct effects of dietary aldehydes on cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that dietary consumption of aldehydes modulates myocardial IR injury and preconditioning. Mice were gavage-fed the alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde acrolein (5mg/kg) or water (vehicle) 24h prior to a 30-min coronary artery occlusion and 24-hour reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was significantly increased in acrolein-treated mice, demonstrating that acute acrolein exposure worsens cardiac IR injury. Furthermore, late cardioprotection afforded by the nitric oxide (NO) donor diethylenetriamine/NO (DETA/NO; dose: 0.1mg/kg x 4, i.v.) was abrogated by the administration of acrolein 2h prior to DETA/NO treatment, indicating that oral acrolein impairs NO donor-induced late preconditioning. To examine potential intracellular targets of aldehydes, we investigated the impact of acrolein on mitochondrial PKCepsilon signaling in the heart. Acrolein-protein adducts were formed in a dose-dependent manner in isolated cardiac mitochondria in vitro and specific acrolein-PKCepsilon adducts were present in cardiac mitochondrial fractions following acrolein exposure in vivo, demonstrating that mitochondria are major targets of aldehyde toxicity. Furthermore, DETA/NO preconditioning induced both PKCepsilon translocation and increased mitochondrial PKCepsilon localization. Both of these responses were blocked by acrolein pretreatment, providing evidence that aldehydes disrupt cardioprotective signaling events involving PKCepsilon. Consumption of an aldehyde-rich diet could exacerbate cardiac IR injury and block NO donor-induced cardioprotection via mechanisms that disrupt PKCepsilon signaling.
Colloidal stability of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: influence of natural organic matter and synthetic polyelectrolytes.

The colloidal behavior of natural organic matter (NOM) and synthetic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-coated ferrimagnetic (γFe2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated. Humic acid (HA), an important component of NOM, was extracted from a peat soil. Two different molecular weight PAAs were also used for coating. The colloidal stability of the coated magnetic NPs was evaluated as a resultant of the attractive magnetic dipolar and van der Waals forces and the repulsive electrostatic and steric–electrosteric interactions. The conformational alterations of the polyelectrolytes adsorbed on magnetic γFe2O3 NPs and their role in colloidal stability were determined. Pure γFe2O3 NPs were extremely unstable because of aggregation in aqueous solution, but a significant stability enhancement was observed after coating with polyelectrolytes. The steric stabilization factor induced by the polyelectrolyte coating strongly dictated the colloidal stability. The pH-induced conformational change of the adsorbed, weakly charged poly...
Do Business Leaders Value Human Resource Certification

This study addresses the need for more empirical work regarding the value of human resource (HR) certification. The study extends previous research by examining the beliefs of top organizational leaders regarding the benefits of having HR-certified professionals in the organization. In addition, the authors compare and contrast managerial perceptions based on whether the leaders themselves hold certification (i.e., not certified, HR certified, or non-HR certified). The results show that 90% of organizational leaders perceived HR certification for their human resource professionals to be beneficial. Despite this perception, the results show that HR certification has limited influence on managerial decision making for career-related outcomes.
WOMEN AS FATHERS: Motherhood and Child Care Under a Modified Patriarchy

Although the modern American kinship system is nominally a bilateral system, the very definition of kin ties is based on the principles of patriarchy. Women do not gain their rights to their children in this society as mothers, but as father-equivalents, sources of genetic material. In child rearing as in childbearing, women may take on the role of fathers to their children, substituting poorer women to do the traditional mothering work. The resultant recasting of the classic Oedipal drama in terms of class and race rather than gender is described. This article argues that we must move beyond patriarchal definitions of the relations between parents and children, and beyond modifications that simply extend to some women, most often at cost to other women, some of the privileges of patriarchy.
Modeling Of Wind Induced Current

Modeling of wind over water can provide a useful tool in dealing with the nearshore and offshore environment where the wind stress plays a dominant role. The available field and laboratory information on shear stress coefficients is reviewed with emphasis on differences between field and laboratory conditions. Modeling relationships are proposed for the wind and the wind generated current. The procedure is applied to a laboratory model of a lagoon in the Atlantic trade wind region. Alteration of the physical boundaries produced a significant change in the wind induced circulation. The change in water circulation was used to predict the increase in the temperature of water used for cooling purposes.
Studies on cell growth and cell division. I. A temperature-controlled system for inducing synchronous cell division.

A temperature-controlled system for inducing cell growth and synchronous cell division in Tetrahymena pyriformis is described. By using this device, it is possible to dissociate cell growth and cell division into two distinct processes.