cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Optical steganography using chirped fiber Bragg grating

Optical steganography has been experimentally demonstrated using a matched pair of chirped fiber Bragg gratings. The stealth channel is temporally and spectrally hidden underneath the public channel. The public channel power penalty is ≪ 1dB.
The Z Technique: An Easy Approach to the Display of the Midcoronal Plane of the Uterus in Volume Sonography

Objective The purpose of our study was to evaluate the ease of learning and clinical applicability of a technique (Z technique) for display of the mid-coronal plane of the uterus in volume sonography. Methods Eight physicians were randomly assigned to 2 groups, A and B, after being instructed on the basic principles of post processing of sonographic volumes. Physicians in group A were asked to individually display the mid-coronal plane of the uterus in each of five 3-dimensional volumes of uteri. Physicians in group B were instructed on the Z technique and were then asked to individually display the mid-coronal plane of the uterus in the same volumes as group A. The time needed for display of the mid-coronal plane of the uterus and the quality of the mid-coronal plane image retrieved were recorded for each volume. Results The mean time required to display the mid-coronal plane of the uterus for all volumes was 47.7 seconds in group B compared with 110.7 seconds in group A (P=.002). Furthermore, a significant improvement in time performance was seen for physicians in group A after learning the Z technique (23.2 seconds after compared with 110.7 seconds before; P=.0001). The quality of the image produced was notably better for all physicians after learning the Z technique. Conclusions The Z technique is an easy technique to learn. Physicians who learn this technique are able to retrieve the mid-coronal plane of the uterus faster and improve its image quality in volume sonography.
Immunostaining evidence for PI(4,5)P2 localization at the leading edge of chemoattractant-stimulated HL-60 cells.

It is well known that in fMLP-stimulated neutrophils, phosphatidyl inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] localizes at the leading edge of the cells. However, no effort has been made to study the PI 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] distribution in these cells. In fact, it has been suggested that PI(4,5)P2 is unlikely to localize, as its basal level is orders of magnitude higher than that of PI(3,4,5)P3. We developed an optimized immunostaining protocol for studying the endogenous distribution of PI(4,5)P2 in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells. We show that PI(4,5)P2 localizes sharply at the leading edge with an intensity gradient similar to that for PI(3,4,5)P3. The enzymes for the production of PI(4,5)P2, namely, PI5KIα and PI5KIγ, were also found to localize at the leading edge, further supporting our finding that PI(4,5)P2 localizes at the leading edge. These results imply that complementary regulation of PI3K and phosphate and tensin homolog (PTEN) is not the sole or dominant mechanism of PI(3,4,5)P3 polarization in HL-60 cells.
Neonatal appendicitis mimicking intestinal duplication: a case report.

Introduction Acute appendicitis is a common disease in older children but rare in neonates.
An asymptotically optimal subclass of balanced treatment incomplete block designs for comparisons with a control

SUMMARY Incomplete block designs for estimation of treatment-control differences are studied. A class of designs for this purpose, called balanced treatment incomplete block designs, has recently been proposed and studied by several authors. Here, a relatively small subclass of these designs is shown to contain the asymptotically optimal design under the criterion of minimizing the length of simultaneous confidence intervals for treatmentcontrol differences. These results can be used to easily construct good large designs. Some specific finite cases are considered.
Epidemiology of puerperal fever: the contributions of Alexander Gordon.

A qui revient le merite de la demonstration du caractere contagieux de la fievre puerperale? Selon l'A., ni a l'americain Holmes (O.W.) (1809-1894) ni au hongrois Semmelweis (I.) (1818-1865) mais bel et bien a l'ecossais Gordon (A.) (1752-1799)
Simulations of Low-Energy Ion Bombardment and Epitaxial Growth

We have performed computer simulations of epitaxial growth and low-energy ion bombardment for comparison with reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) measurements. The simulations are based on a hybrid Monte Carlo/rate equation approach which includes the processes of defect creation (adatom and surface vacancy), surface diffusion, and attachment and detachment from steps and islands. In this work, we focus on simulating the experimental observations of ion-induced RHEED oscillations and cancellation of RHEED oscillations during simultaneous ion bombardment and growth. For the interaction of the low-energy ion with the surface, we consider two mechanisms: preferential sputtering (where the sputtering cross section depends on the atomic coordination) and mobile vacancies. Our results indicate that the primary interaction of the ion beam with the surface is probably through the creation of mobile vacancies, and that the degree of preferential sputtering is not large.
Switching first-line disease-modifying therapy after failure: impact on the course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

BackgroundOptions for non-responders to relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) first-line disease-modifying therapies (DMT) are limited. We explored whether switching first-line DMT is effec...
Finding the longest similar subsequence of thumbprints for intrusion detection

One way to detect intruders on the Internet is to compare the similarity of two thumbprints. A thumbprint is a summary of a connection that characterizes the connection. The packet gap thumbprint consists of sequences of non-negative real number representing the time gaps between "send" packets. This paper formalized definitions of similarity between two non-negative real number sequences, by introducing /spl epsiv/-similarity, partial sum and longest /spl epsiv/-similar subsequence (LSS). Length of LSS is a measurement of similarity between two sequences. The longest /spl epsiv/-similar subsequence (LSS) problem is a generalization of the well known longest common subsequence (LCS) problem. The goal of this paper is to find an optimal solution to the LSS problem. We analyzed the property of partial sums and proposed to focus on the minimum matched partial sum which leads to an optimal solution to LSS while reduce the problem space. As the LSS problem has optimal structure, we proposed an algorithm based on dynamic programming technique. Time complexity of this algorithm is O(m/sup 2/n/sup 2/). By using a property of the partial sums, we reduced the time complexity to O(mn(m+n)).
Tetracycline Induces Stabilization of mRNA in Bacillus subtilis

The tet(L) gene of Bacillus subtilis confers low-level tetracycline (Tc) resistance. Previous work examining the >20-fold-inducible expression of tet(L) by Tc demonstrated a 12-fold translational induction. Here we show that the other component of tet(L) induction is at the level of mRNA stabilization. Addition of a subinhibitory concentration of Tc results in a two- to threefold increase in tet(L) mRNA stability. Using a plasmid-borne derivative of tet(L) with a large in-frame deletion of the coding sequence, the mechanism of Tc-induced stability was explored by measuring the decay of tet(L) mRNAs carrying specific mutations in the leader region. The results of these experiments, as well as experiments with a B. subtilis strain that is resistant to Tc due to a mutation in the ribosomal S10 protein, suggest different mechanisms for the effects of Tc on translation and on mRNA stability. The key role of the 5' end in determining mRNA stability was confirmed in these experiments. Surprisingly, the stability of several other B. subtilis mRNAs was also induced by Tc, which indicates that addition of Tc may result in a general stabilization of mRNA.
Polarity in action: Asymmetric protein localization in bacteria

Recent advances in microscopy and protein localization techniques have provided new insights into the remarkable complexity of the bacterial cell. Although bacteria lack discrete cellular compartments such as organelles, they possess an impressive scheme of subcellular organization at the level of
Question answering on lecture videos: a multifaceted approach

In this paper, we introduce a multifaceted approach for question answering on lecture videos. Text extracted from PowerPoint slides associated with the lecture videos is used as a source of domain knowledge to boost the answer extraction performance on these domain specific videos. The three steps of this approach are described and the evaluation plan is discussed.
Group Cohesiveness as a Determinant of Egocentric Perceptions in Cooperative Groups

It has been consistently found that members of cooperative groups claim greater personal responsibility for their group's performance after a group success rather than failure. However, when high group cohesiveness is present, norms and interpersonal bonds may exist that mitigate against taking high personal credit for success and low blame for failure. Hence, it was hypothesized that in high cohesive groups, there would be little or no relationship between the assignment of personal responsibility and the quality of the group product, while in low cohesive groups, responsibility would be directly related to the quality of the group product. To test this hypothesis, 96 subjects interacted in four-person, problem-solving groups. Supposedly on the basis of prior individual test scores, subjects were informed that they were either highly compatible (high cohesiveness) or incompatible (low cohesiveness) with the other group members. After the group tasks, subjects were told that their group had been either ve...
ToA estimation for MB-OFDM UWB by suppressing energy leakage

In this paper, we estimate the time-of-arrival (ToA) of wireless channels by using the widely adopted equally-spaced channel estimator for the multi-band orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) ultrawide-band (UWB) system. By suppressing the energy leakage due to the imperfect sampling of the leading channel paths, a novel ToA estimator is proposed for the MB-OFDM UWB system. This ToA estimator is evaluated and compared with the space alternating generalized expectation maximization (SAGE) algorithm in IEEE 802.15.4a UWB channels. Simulation results show that the proposed ToA estimator performs well in all channel models and outperforms SAGE by directly locating the first channel path.
What is an open architecture robot controller

This paper addresses the issue of what is an open architecture robot controller. Three different classifications are defined along with the various advantages and shortcomings of each approach. Knowledge from past research and new technology development have been included in this analysis. The conclusions recommend a communication-based hybrid approach with well defined interfaces between modules. >
Methods for Robust Multidisciplinary Design

Robust design has been gaining wide attention and its applications have been extended to making reliable decisions when designing complex engineering systems under a multidisciplinary design environment. Though the usefulness of robust multidisciplinary design is widely acknowledged, its implementation is rare. 1 One of the reasons is due to the complexity and computational burden associated with the evaluation of performance variations caused by the randomness (uncertainty) of a system. In this paper, we develop a robust multidisciplinary design procedure that utilizes efficient methods for uncertainty analysis. Different from the existing uncertainty analysis techniques, our proposed techniques bring the features of MDO framework into consideration. The system uncertainty analysis method (SUAM) and the concurrent subsystem uncertainty analysis method (CSSUAM) are developed to estimate the mean and variance of system performance subject to uncertainties associated with both design parameters and design models. The techniques used for uncertainty analysis will significantly reduce the amount of design evaluations at the system level, and therefore improve the efficiency of robust design in the domain of MDO. The merits and limitations of the proposed techniques are illustrated through example problems.
Real Time Estimation and Prediction of Wave Excitation Forces on a Heaving Body

Wave energy converters (WECs) face many technical challenges before becoming a cost-competitive source of renewable energy. The levelized cost of electricity could be decreased by implementing real-time control strategies to increase average power produced by a WEC. These control strategies typically require knowledge of the immediate future excitation force, caused by the waves. This paper presents a disturbance prediction methodology that is independent of the local wave climate and can be implemented on a wide range of devices.A time-domain model of a generic heaving WEC is developed with the Cummins equations. The model is simulated with measured water surface elevation data collected off the Oregon Coast. A simplified linear frequency-invariant state-space model is used in conjunction with a Kalman filter to estimate the current excitation force with measurements of the WEC’s motion. Future excitation forces are then predicted multiple steps in the future with a recursive least squares filter. The results show this approach makes accurate predictions of excitation force over short time horizons (up to 15 seconds), but accurate predictions become infeasible for longer horizons.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Primary care of women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.

Both acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance data and surveys on the seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) indicate that HIV infection through heterosexual transmission is showing a trend of dramatic increase among US women. In women especially pregnant women AIDS has a more fulminant course than in men and there is a shorter survival time from diagnosis to death. Gynecologists may be the first source of medical contact among asymptomatic HIV-positive women and primary care providers should aware of unusual gynecologic manifestations of HIV infection. Protracted herpes infection refractory vaginal candidiasis and widespread condylomata often represent early warning signs of an underlying immunocompromised state. Women with impaired cellular immunity are at greater risk of genital papillomavirus and neoplasia. Deficient cellular immunity also facilitates activation of latent infections such as cytomegalovirus herpes simplex and papillomavirus. Pelvic inflammatory disease is found in a disproportionately high number of HIV-infected women although it is unknown whether the inflammation is secondary to the AIDS virus or a co-factor. Genital ulcers both increase the risk of HIV seroconversion and enhance the infectiousness of women already HIV-positive. Herpes simplex and other gynecologic conditions are likely to be more fulminant in presentation more protracted in course and resistant to conventional therapy in HIV-infected patients. To facilitate the early identification and treatment of these conditions Pap smears should be taken every 4-6 months in infected women and there should be liberal use of colposcopy. Oral contraceptive users should be advised to switch to condom/nonoxynol-9 use to reduce the potential for disease transmission and accelerated progression.
Influence of Surface Potential on the Adhesive Force of Radioactive Gold Surfaces

Radioactive particles may acquire surface potential through self-charging, and thus can behave differently from natural aerosols in atmospheric systems with respect to aggregation, deposition, resuspension, and transport to areas surrounding a radioactive source. This work focuses on the adhesive force between radioactive particles and metallic surfaces, which relates to the deposition and resuspension of particles on surrounding surfaces. Scanning surface potential microscopy was employed to measure the surface potential of radioactive gold foil. Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the adhesive force for gold that acquired surface charge either by irradiation or by application of an equivalent electrical bias. Overall, the adhesive force increases with increasing surface potential or relative humidity. However, a behavior that does not follow the general trend was observed for the irradiated gold at a high decay rate. A comparison between experimental measurements and calculated values reveal...
Violence in Schools, Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Perspectives: Denmark, F., Krauss, H. H., Wesner, R. W., Midlarsky, E., & Gielen, C. P. (Eds.). (2005). New York: Springer. Hardcover: 326 pages; ISBN 0-387-23199-4. List Price: $69.95

Given the rise of violent incidents in schools and among youth, Violence in Schools, Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Perspectives is a much-needed resource for professionals. Violence in Schools,...
Evaluation of Systemic Insecticides Incorporated in the Soil for Control of Lepidopterous Larvae on Cole Crops in Southern California

Eight systemic insecticides were evaluated as foliar or soil treatments for control of larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner); imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (L.); and diamondback moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curtis) on cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli. Soil applications of NIA-10242 (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) at 1 or 2 lb per acre provided highly effective control of imported cabbageworms and diamondback moth larvae for several weeks, but were effective against cabbage loopers for no more than 1 or 2 weeks. Soil applications of Amer. Cyan. 47031 (cyclic ethylene (diethoxyphosphinyl) dithioimidocarbonate)) at 1 lb per acre were effective for several weeks against cabbage loopers but did not provide adequate control of imported cabbageworms. Both soil and foliar applications of NIA-10242 and Amer. Cyan. 47031 controlled cabbage loopers as effectively as a standard DDT + toxaphene spray.
Examining desensitization using facial electromyography

The results of research investigating the effects of violent videogames have been inconsistent. Some evidence suggests that exposure to violent videogames decreases physiological arousal and results in desensitization to subsequent exposure to violent stimuli. Other research does not support these findings. This study examined physiological and affective desensitization to violent videogame play. Participants played a violent or non-violent videogame and then viewed aggressive, pleasant, and neutral images. Participants' negative affect in response to the images was assessed by examining activity in the brow muscle region (i.e., corrugator supercilii), heart rate (HR), self-reported affect, and self-reported arousal. Based on previous research regarding the General Aggression Model (GAM), we expected that participants who played the violent videogame would demonstrate desensitization as evidenced by less reactivity in the corrugator supercilii region and less HR reactivity in response to violent images than participants who played the nonviolent videogame. We also expected that participants who played the violent videogame would rate the aggressive images as less aversive than those who played the nonviolent game. Contrary to our expectations, the findings were not consistent with the hypotheses based on the GAM. Examined physiological and affective desensitization to one violent videogame.Participants played a (non)violent videogame then looked at aggressive images.Examined physiological and affective desensitization to one violent video game.Participants did not differ in self-reported affect or arousal.The violent, compared to the nonviolent, videogame did not produce desensitization.
The Status Quo of In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents' Administration and its Countermeasures

This article introduces the pattern of administration,evolvement,distribution and using status quo about In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents in China.With relation to the administration pattern of the FDA in the U.S.,the paper points out that strengthened supervision and administration for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents must be carried out in the realm of distribution and uses in order to ensure the safety and the efficiency.The article also suggests some countermeasures on the administration of In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents.
An Early Warning System for Use in Developing Countries and Small Island States

An early warning system for disaster management can be judged to be functional if its elements are reliable, affordable and can, to a large extent, be maintained by the people that it is supposed to serve. Similarly, it can be classified as effective if those who are to benefit from its deployment pay particular attention to both what the system is supposed to do for them as well as to how it works. The latter would require adequate investment in disaster management measures and appropriate education and training, all of which will need to be put to good use in the eventuality of a disaster. On the basis of what is commercially available today, this paper proposes a satellite-based communications network that can provide sudden disaster warning capability for rural, remote and outer communities of developing countries and Small Island States (SIDS). Of paramount importance are the cost, simplicity of warning message, speed and reliability of warning delivery of such a system.
Advances in Immunosuppressive Therapy

Development of solid organ transplant is one of the most important and excited chapters in the history of medicine. Advances in surgical technique and a better understanding of immunology have contributed to the evolution of this relatively novel field of medicine in the last 50 years. Throughout the development of solid organ transplantation, it became clear that suppressing the immune system of the prospective host would be required for sustained graft function. Allograft rejection in transplant recipients is the side effect of the complex and intricate mammalian immune system, which is intended to defend the host against pathogens. Adequate manipulation of the immune system is essential for graft survival; however, any modification of the host’s defense mechanism can bring unwanted consequences. In the infancy of this field, acute rejection and graft loss were the rule rather than the exception. Immunosuppression has evolved from the use of azathioprine and steroids in the 1960s and 1970s to the development, in the 1980s, of cyclosporine, which increased allograft survival. The introduction of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil in the 1990s changed the field of transplantation, enabling a variety of combinations to be used for immunosuppression. Yet even with the expanded immunosuppressive armamentarium of the twenty-first century, it remains difficult to adequately suppress the host immune system without severe depressed immune function, leaving the host vulnerable to opportunistic infections and malignancies.
Public Relations: An Emerging Social Science Enters the New Millennium

The field of public relations is one of the newest additions to the International Communication Association. Public relations is both a social science field of study and a professional practice. Public relations research is similar to other disciplines in that scholars utilize social science models, research methods, and both quantitative and qualitative techniques to describe, explain, and predict specific phenomena. In business, public relations is a professional practice with an organizational role and function, communication processes, and a code of ethics that guides the responsible use of strategies and tactics. This chapter provides an overview of public relations scholarship as it contributes to the objectives of the ICA. The authors trace the development of public relations from a one-way communication tool to a theoretically grounded communication function that builds relationships between organizations and the public.
Radmind: The Integration of Filesystem Integrity Checking with Filesystem Management

We review two surveys of large-scale system management, observing common problems across tools and over many years. We also note that filesystem management tools interfere with filesystem integrity checking tools. Radmind, an integrated filesystem management and integrity checking tool, solves many of these problems. Radmind also provides a useful platform upon which to build further large-scale, automatic system management tools.
Polyesters and Poly(ester-urethane)s from Biobased Difuranic Polyols

This contribution investigates the impact of rigid and flexible difuranic polyols on the resulting polyester (PE) and poly(ester-urethane) (PEU) properties. Three biobased difuranic polyol monomers, 5,5′-bihydroxymethyl furil (BHMF), 5,5′-dihydroxymethyl furoin (DHMF), and bis[5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-yl)methyl]adipate (BHFA), all derived from the biomass platform chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), were employed for the synthesis of a series of new linear and cross-linked PEs as well as amorphous and semicrystalline PEUs. The polycondensations of diols (rigid BHMF and flexible BHFA) with various diacyl chlorides afford linear PEs, whereas the rigid triol (DHMF) reacts with diacyl chlorides to form cross-linked PEs. Among these difuranic PEs, the most intriguing PE is the one containing C═C double bonds, derived from BHFA and fumaryl chloride, which exhibits the unique self-curing ability via the Diels–Alder reaction. Furthermore, the catalyzed polyaddition of BHFA with various diiscyanates produces n...
Additions to the lichenized fungi biota of North America and Alaska from collections held in the University of Alaska Museum of the North herbarium (ALA)

The data presented here are based on examination of collections made in the 1970s mainly by Barbara Murray and held in the University of Alaska Museum of the North herbarium, Fairbanks (ALA). Four ...
Characterizing the Conformationome: Toward a Structural Understanding of the Proteome

While non-native protein conformations such as folding intermediates are rarely observed in solution such species are often stabilized as gaseous ions during electrospray ionization for mass spectrometry. This opens the possibility of large scale efforts to capture information about many non-native structures such as folding intermediates or malformed conformations having deleterious effects: studies of the conformationome.
Chick subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissue depots respond differently in lipolytic and adipogenic activity to α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)

In birds, α-MSH is anorexigenic, but effects on adipose tissue are unknown. Four day-old chicks were intraperitoneally injected with 0 (vehicle), 5, 10, or 50μg of α-MSH and subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissue collected at 60min for RNA isolation (n=10). Plasma was collected post-euthanasia at 60 and 180min for measuring non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and α-MSH (n=10). Relative to the vehicle, food intake was reduced in the 50μg-treated group. Plasma NEFAs were greater in 10μg than vehicle-treated chicks at 3h. Plasma α-MSH was 3.06±0.57ng/ml. In subcutaneous tissue, melanocortin receptor 5 (MC5R) mRNA was increased in 10μg, MC2R and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) mRNAs increased in 50μg, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and C/EBPα decreased in 5, 10 and 50μg, and Ki67 mRNA decreased in 50μg α-MSH-injected chicks, compared to vehicle-injected chicks. In abdominal tissue, adipose triglyceride lipase mRNA was greater in 10μg α-MSH- than vehicle-treated chicks. Cells isolated from abdominal fat that were treated with 10 and 100nM α-MSH for 4h expressed more MC5R and perilipin-1 than control cells (n=6). Cells that received 100nM α-MSH expressed more fatty acid binding protein 4 and comparative gene identification-58 mRNA than control cells. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) activity was greater in cells at 9days post-differentiation that were treated with 1 and 100nM α-MSH for 4h than in control cells (n=3). Results suggest that α-MSH increases lipolysis and reduces adipogenesis in adipose tissue.
Average Redundancy for Known Sources: Ubiquitous Trees in Source Coding

Analytic information theory aims at studying problems of information theory using analytic techniques of computer science and combinatorics. Following Hadamard's precept, these problems are tackled by complex analysis methods such as generating functions, Mellin transform, Fourier series, saddle point method, analytic poissonization and depoissonization, and singularity analysis. This approach lies at the crossroad of computer science and information theory. In this survey we concentrate on one facet of information theory (i.e., source coding better known as data compression), namely the $\textit{redundancy rate}$ problem. The redundancy rate problem determines by how much the actual code length exceeds the optimal code length. We further restrict our interest to the $\textit{average}$ redundancy for $\textit{known}$ sources, that is, when statistics of information sources are known. We present precise analyses of three types of lossless data compression schemes, namely fixed-to-variable (FV) length codes, variable-to-fixed (VF) length codes, and variable-to-variable (VV) length codes. In particular, we investigate average redundancy of Huffman, Tunstall, and Khodak codes. These codes have succinct representations as $\textit{trees}$, either as coding or parsing trees, and we analyze here some of their parameters (e.g., the average path from the root to a leaf).
Not Without Us: Collaborating across Difference in Documentary Filmmaking

Now more than ever, those who live with a diagnosed mental disorder are charged with counteracting negative stereotypes produced largely through popular news media, and many have turned to independent documentary film as an outlet for self-expression and definition. Most documentaries are a collaborative effort; however, how is the nature of collaboration altered when the filmmaker is not a member of the mental health community? What are the barriers to translating self-definition through documentary media in the case of collaboration across difference? This chapter seeks to answer these questions by tracing the trajectory of the conception, production, post-production and distribution of the award winning documentary Not Without Us (2013) from the perspective of the filmmaker/outsider using the framework of community collaborative filmmaking as a theoretical guide.
Hydraulics of Spatially Varied Pipe Flow

The flow profile in a gridiron drainage main tile where lateral inflows enter at constant intervals is studied in detail. Theoretical equations are derived for computing flow profiles. Experimental observations are made to check the theoretical computation. Twenty four flow profiles under various field conditions, including pipe diameter, slope and lateral inflows, are presented for the development of economical design.
Improved Free-Energy Landscape Quantification Illustrated with a Computationally Designed Protein-Ligand Interaction.

Quantifying the energy landscape underlying protein-ligand interactions leads to an enhanced understanding of molecular recognition. A powerful yet accessible single-molecule technique is atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based force spectroscopy, which generally yields the zero-force dissociation rate constant (koff) and the distance to the transition state (Δx‡). Here, we introduce an enhanced AFM assay and apply it to probe the computationally designed protein DIG10.3 binding to its target ligand, digoxigenin. Enhanced data quality enabled an analysis that yielded the height of the transition state (ΔG‡ = 6.3 ± 0.2 kcal mol-1) and the shape of the energy barrier at the transition state (linear-cubic) in addition to the traditional parameters [koff (= 4 ± 0.1 × 10-4 s-1) and Δx‡ (= 8.3 ± 0.1 A)]. We expect this automated and relatively rapid assay to provide a more complete energy landscape description of protein-ligand interactions and, more broadly, the diverse systems studied by AFM-based force spectroscopy.
Regional climate response collaboratives: Multi-institutional support for climate resilience

AbstractFederal investments by U.S. agencies to enhance climate resilience at regional scales grew over the past decade (2010s). To maximize efficiency and effectiveness in serving multiple sectors and scales, it has become critical to leverage existing agency-specific research, infrastructure, and capacity while avoiding redundancy. We discuss lessons learned from a multi-institutional “regional climate response collaborative” that comprises three different federally-supported climate service entities in the Rocky Mountain west and northern plains region. These lessons include leveraging different strengths of each partner, creating deliberate mechanisms to increase cross-entity communication and joint ownership of projects, and placing a common priority on stakeholder-relevant research and outcomes. We share the conditions that fostered successful collaboration, which can be transferred elsewhere, and suggest mechanisms for overcoming potential barriers. Synergies are essential for producing actionable ...
Competitive strategy in turbulent healthcare markets: an analysis of financially effective teaching hospitals

As the healthcare marketplace, characterized by declining revenues and heavy price competition, continues to evolve toward managed care, teaching hospitals are being forced to act more like traditional industrial organizations. Profit-oriented behavior, including emphases on market strategies and competitive advantage, is now a necessity if these hospitals are going to survive the transition to managed care. To help teaching hospitals evaluate strategic options that maximize financial effectiveness, this study examined the financial and operating data for 100 major U.S. teaching hospitals to determine relationships among competitive strategy, market environment, and financial return on invested capital. Results should help major hospitals formulate more effective strategies to combat environmental turbulence.
Impact of non-linear transport properties on low permeability measurements

Abstract The results of modeling nonlinear transport properties on a plug scale for steady state, unsteady state, pulse decay and sinusoidal pressure measurements are presented. We include the gas slippage (Klinkenberg corrections) and pressure dependent density effects. To validate the modeling, we compare it to analytical calculations based on an assumption of constant mass flow once the transients have dissipated for steady state models. Validation of the other measurement protocols is performed by comparison to finite difference calculations. For low permeability samples, significant pressure drops must be modeled to obtain large enough flow rates to allow accurate measurement in the laboratory. We limited ourselves to 100 psi pressure differences because of the large influence of effective stress on gas density that would be present for larger pressure differences. Flowing pressures of this magnitude imply significant pressure dependent density effects, which reduce the flow rates. In contrast, gas slippage increases the transport of gas. The result is that nearly identical fits are obtained for widely varying magnitudes of permeability and gas slippage. This result is obtained for all of the modeled measurement protocols. We introduce a new technique to interpret the modeled data, the ”k0-b plot”. The method allows the values of k0 and b to be extracted if multiple measurements are performed at different mean pressures. The technique is also compared to laboratory data to demonstrate that the effects occur in the measurements. The influence of the non-linearities predicted on the measured chamber pressures are presented for each of the measurement protocols (other than steady state in which there are no chambers). In particular, sinusoidal pressure variation of the upstream chamber results in an increased average downstream chamber pressure and the introduction of harmonic distortion. These effects have not been discussed in the literature and give a motivation for development of this measurement for low permeability samples. The modeling indicates that plug scale measurements are practical, but multiple mean pressures must be used to separate the competing effects of permeability and gas slippage. We recommend performing unsteady state measurements at reservoir stress at multiple mean pressures, supplemented with sinusoidal pressure and pulse decay to calibrate the nonlinear and adsorption effects.
Exploring Hybrid Third Spaces in the Place Mappings of Malawian Youth

This article is based on a study of Malawian youths’ understandings of place in relation to knowledge and practice and considers some implications for education. The study was conducted at Chinduzi Junior Farmer Field and Life Skills School in Machinga district in Malawi from September 2010 through January 2011. Data collection methods included place mapping and associated focus group discussions. The data were analysed following Collier and Collier’s (1986) method for analysing photographs. Youth mappings of their favourite places suggested aspects of both hope and despair. From the youths’ discussions, a sense of belonging was evident in the social relationships associated with the activities performed in their favourite places. The drawings also exhibited gendered features. Overall, the drawings and associated discussions revealed that the youth are largely rooted in their socio-cultural interactions within their community, but also influenced by globalisation – hence they operate within what Homi Bhabha (1994) calls ‘hybrid third spaces’. In these spaces, they use their imagination to create optimistic futures. These findings have implications for environment-related education. People are part of and shaped by place; at the same time, they shape place through everyday social practices. Thus, studies on environment-related education in a particular local context need to take into account variations in experience based on learners’ diverse backgrounds. Pedagogical engagements should consider the socio-cultural experiences of learners in particular contexts.
Rheumatology and Joint Diseases

Saint-Hillier et al.1 typed 7 French patients for A and B loci antigens. When compared with a control population of unknown size, they found no significant difference between the 2 groups.
The Distinctions Between State, Parameter and Graph Dynamics in Sensorimotor Control and Coordination

The dynamical systems underlying the performance and learning of skilled behaviors can be analyzed in terms of state-, parameter-, and graph-dynamics. We review these concepts and then focus on the manner in which variation in dynamical graph structure can be used to explicate the temporal patterning of speech. Simulations are presented of speech gestural sequences using the task-dynamic model of speech production, and the importance of system graphs in shaping intergestural relative phasing patterns (both their mean values and their variability) within and between syllables is highlighted.
Beeinflussung der spinalen Schmerzleitung durch Nicht-Opioide

Die Verwendung von Lokalanasthetika bei neuraxialen Leitungsblockaden ist durch die verbundenen sympathischen Blockaden und den motorischen Block, welcher unter anderem in der geburtshilflichen Anasthesie unerwunscht sein kann, limitiert. Es wurde daher der Ruf nach spinalen Antinozizeptiva laut, welche frei von diesen Effekten sind.
The Classification of Multiple Power Quality Disturbances Based on Dynamic Event Tree and Support Vector Machine

It’s difficult to classify multiple disturbances with the single disturbance classification method. This paper describes multiple disturbances and designs the classifier of multiple power quality (PQ) disturbances; the process of power quality disturbance classification can be divided into two-stage, feature extraction, and classification. This paper extracts features of disturbances with dq Transform, Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and S-Transform (ST), and combines them to reflect the characteristics of disturbances better. The design of binary tree Support Vector Machine (BT-SVM) with the concept of the class distance of the clustering analysis makes classifications intelligently. And dynamic event tree is proposed to make classifications of multiple disturbances. By these methods, disturbances can be classified fast and accurately. The results of simulation show that the classification method in this paper is able to classify multiple disturbances effectively.
Defining and Measuring Excellence in the Changing World of Higher Education: Case Stories from Five Colleges of Education

This paper presents a collection of case stories from five Educator Preparation Programs (EPPs) within colleges of education, four from institutions in Texas and one from California, to present a micro cross-sectional narrative interpretation of what constitutes excellence in educator preparation. The broad framework utilized in this interpretation focuses on the individual approaches used by each institution for creating and sustaining positive cultures of data-informed decision-making, with the ultimate objective of continuous program improvement, while also meeting the accreditation expectations of each institution.
A dependent project evaluation and review technique: A Bayesian network approach

Abstract The Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) dates back to 1959. This method evaluates the uncertainty distribution of a project’s completion time given the uncertain completion times of the activities/tasks comprised within it. Each activity’s uncertainty was defined originally by a unique two parameter beta PERT distribution satisfying what is known to be the PERT mean and PERT variance. In this paper, a three-parameter PERT family of bounded distributions is introduced satisfying that same mean and variance, generalizing the beta PERT distribution. Their additional flexibility allows for the modeling of statistical dependence in a continuous Bayesian network, generalizing in turn the traditional PERT procedure where statistical independence is assumed among beta PERT activity durations. Through currently available Bayesian network software and the construction of that PERT family herein, the coherent monitoring of remaining project completion time uncertainty given partial completion of a project may become more accessible to PERT analysts. An illustrative example demonstrating the benefit of monitoring of remaining project completion time uncertainty as activities complete in that Bayesian fashion shall be presented, including expressions and algorithms for the specification of the three prior parameters for each activity in the project network to adhere to classical the PERT mean and PERT variance and a degree of statistical dependence between them.
Victimization Experiences and Executive Dysfunction as Discriminating Risk Indicators for Youth Offender Typologies

Research is becoming increasingly nuanced in its examination of offenders, and thus typological distinctions according to generalist and/or specialization offense profiles may be notable for targeted intervention efforts within and between classifications of offenders. There is a significant body of evidence identifying early-life victimization and executive function deficits as critical developmental antecedents to sexual and non-sexual offending alike, but they have not been exhaustively evaluated as a discernable experience among criminally versatile offenders (youth who commit both sexual and non-sexual crimes). This study aims to address gaps by examining associations between early-life victimization, other traumatic experiences in the home, and executive functioning deficits and then test how disparate offending groups differentially experience these early risks. Using a sample of juvenile-justice-involved youth (N = 200), who committed sexual only offenses (n = 41), non-sexual only offenses (n = 124), and criminally versatile offenders (n = 27), multivariate analysis of variance tests and bivariate correlations were conducted. Results revealed that there were statistically significant correlations between measures of executive functioning and specific incidents of victimization, particularly sexual, physical, and emotional. There were also significant group differences in measures of sexual abuse, physical and emotional abuse, and executive functioning with criminally versatile offenders showing higher rates of physical and emotional abuse and sexual only offenders showing higher rates of sexual abuse and some executive functioning deficits. Practice and research implications are discussed.
Triage or Substitution?: The Changing Face of UN Peacekeeping in the Era of Trump and Nationalism

Peacekeeping has undergone several distinct eras of expansion and contraction in terms of the numbers of operations deployed.1 The greatest expansion occurred in the 1990s as the UN dramatically in...
Periodontal Airway Management Strategies

The majority of anesthetic-related mishaps occur due to the inability to predict and/or manage a difficult airway. When a patient enters a level of deep sedation, there is no guarantee that he or she will be able to maintain their airway in a patent state or ventilate or oxygenate themselves properly. It is the responsibility of the provider to ensure the patency of the airway and the adequacy of ventilation. Methods of airway management and ventilation are essential to the safety of sedation and anesthesia, and must be mastered by any individual desiring to provide moderate sedation. Techniques for recognition and management of airway problems are described in detail, and the use of airway adjunct devices is illustrated.
Sexual Orientation Change Efforts, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Suicide Ideation and Attempt Among Sexual Minority Adults, United States, 2016–2018

Objectives. To examine how sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) are associated with suicide morbidity after controlling for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).Methods. Cross-sectional survey data are from the Generations survey, a nationally representative sample of 1518 nontransgender sexual minority adults recruited between March 28, 2016, and March 30, 2018, in the United States. Self-identified transgender individuals were included in a separate, related TransPop study. We used weighted multiple logistic regression analyses to assess the independent association of SOCE with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt while controlling for demographics and ACEs.Results. Approximately 7% experienced SOCE; of them, 80.8% reported SOCE from a religious leader. After adjusting for demographics and ACEs, sexual minorities exposed to SOCE had nearly twice the odds of lifetime suicidal ideation, 75% increased odds of planning to attempt suicide, and 88% increased odds of a suicide attempt with minor injury compared with sexual minorities who did not experience SOCE.Conclusions. Over the lifetime, sexual minorities who experienced SOCE reported a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts than did sexual minorities who did not experience SOCE.Public Health Implications. Evidence supports minimizing exposure of sexual minorities to SOCE and providing affirming care with SOCE-exposed sexual minorities. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print May 21, 2020: e1-e7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305637).