cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Large intensity changes in tropical cyclones : A case study of supertyphoon Flo during TCM-90

Abstract A unique dataset, recorded during the rapid intensification and rapid decay of Typhoon Flo, is analyzed to isolate associated environmental conditions and key physical processes. This case occurred during the Tropical Cyclone Motion (TCM-90) field experiment with enhanced observations, especially in the upper troposphere beyond about 300 km. These data have been analyzed with a four-dimensional data assimilation technique and a multiquadric interpolation technique. While both the ocean thermal structure and vertical wind shear are favorable, they do not explain the rapid intensification or the rapid decay. A preconditioning phase is defined in which several interrelated factors combine to create favorable conditions: (i) a cyclonic wind burst occurs at 200 mb, (ii) vertical wind shear between 300 and 150 mb decreases 35%, (iii) the warm core is displaced upward, and (iv) 200-mb outflow becomes larger in the 400–1200-km radial band, while a layer of inflow develops below this outflow. These condit...
MITOCHONDRIAL VARIATION IN BOLIVIAN POPULATIONS OF THE VARIABLE ANTSHRIKE (THAMNOPHILUS CAERULESCENS)

Abstract The Variable Antshrike (Thamnophilus caerulescens) is arguably the most polytypic thamnophilid, with males ranging from almost entirely jet black to nearly white. The four subspecies that occur in Bolivia are strikingly divergent in male plumage: T. c. aspersiventer (black with white-barred belly), T. c. connectens (black back and bib with white belly), T. c. dinellii (gray throat and back with rufous belly), and T. c. paraguayensis (light gray with white belly). To assess the genetic structure of those taxa in Bolivia, sequence variation at the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene was screened in 126 individuals collected across transects spanning the plumage and vocal variation in the four forms. A 95-km-wide cline in haplotype frequencies from T. c. aspersiventer to T. c. dinellii was centered in the Serrania Cochabamba across an ecotone from humid to dry Andean foothill habitats. Thamnophilus caerulescens connectens is not a valid taxon, instead representing an introgressed population near the din...
Total proctocolectomy for rectal cancer in Lynch syndrome: indications and considerations

SUMMARY Patients with Lynch syndrome and rectal cancer present a unique clinical challenge. Management of the primary rectal cancer and prophylactic removal of the colon should be considered. In patients requiring a mesorectal excision, a combined prophylactic colon removal can be considered. Although surveillance of the colon with frequent colonoscopies is an alternative, concerns of metachronous colon cancer development support prophylactic removal of the colon as an alternative. Since data are not available to confirm superiority of either approach, the final decision is greatly dependent upon a patient's wishes and preferences. Patients interested in pursuing simultaneous prophylactic colon removal can be offered total proctocolectomy with either ileal pouch anal-anastomosis as a sphincter-preserving alternative or a total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy.
Sulfone-Containing Methacrylate Homopolymers: Wetting and Thermal Properties

Although the sulfonyl functional group has a large dipole moment and compounds containing them (sulfones) have correspondingly high dielectric constants, this chemical structure has been neglected for use as a functional group to render surfaces hydrophilic. We have prepared three methacrylate polymers containing side chains capped with sulfolane, methylsulfone, and ethylsulfone functionality. The sulfolane-containing polymer exhibits an unusually high glass transition temperature (Tg = 188 °C) for a methacrylate polymer and slightly different thermal degradation behavior than the other two sulfone-containing polymers, likely due to the bulky structure of the sulfolane group in the polymer side chain. At macroscopic polymer film/water interfaces, the sulfone-containing side chains exposed to the interface impart hydrophilic properties as assessed by contact angle analysis. The hydrophilicities of sulfolane and methylsulfone surfaces are similar, and greater than the ethylsulfone surface. Although the chem...
State-of-the-Art Management for the Patient with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in 2012.

Overview:Much progress has been made in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and multiple new U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved survival-prolonging drugs are now a...
Possible serotonin syndrome with carbidopa-levodopa and linezolid.

SummaryWhat is known and objective Serotonin syndrome (SS) can occur when linezolid is combined with other serotonergic agents. Case description We report a case of possible SS in an elderly patient receiving linezolid in combination with carbidopa–levodopa (CL). What is new and conclusion Although certain classes of agents are commonly reported as causing SS among patients receiving linezolid, there are no specific case reports detailing this reaction with CL. Linezolid combined with CL should generally be avoided; however, if linezolid must be used, discontinuation of other agents with serotonergic activity is recommended with careful monitoring for signs and symptoms of SS.
On perfectly matched layer as an absorbing boundary condition

A Perfectly Absorbing Technique (PAT) is proposed for numerical solutions of the Euler equations. This technique follows the recent studies of Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) as absorbing boundary conditions. In the present paper, we construct the Perfectly Matched Layer equations for linear as well as non-linear Euler equations as an absorbing boundary condition. Plane wave solutions and propagation properties are analyzed for a uniform flow in an arbitrary direction. It is shown that the proposed PML equations are capable of absorbing the out-going acoustic, vorticity and entropy waves at numerical boundaries without reflection (theoretically) for any angle of incidence and frequency of the wave. The absorption rate is also independent of the wave frequency/wavelength. The PML equations are then extended to non-uniform mean flows. Moreover, by introducing a "pseudo mean flow", PML equations for nonlinear Euler equations are constructed. The pseudo mean flow needs not to be an accurate prediction of the actual mean steady flow. Consequently, it becomes possible to apply the PML equations without the exact mean flow being available. Numerical examples that demonstrate the validity of the proposed absorbing boundary conditions are presented.
Perspectives on anesthetic management for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and interventional gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures: The case for the natural airway

Abstract The current trend for the relocation of complex patients undergoing complex procedures outside the traditional operating room (OR) suite is exemplified by the breadth and growth of advanced interventional endoscopy procedures available within the modern gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy suite. A new anesthesia subspecialty, non-OR anesthesia has been born in response to the increasing demands for anesthesia and sedation services in GI suites, interventional radiology, and cardiology. Accordingly, a new multidisciplinary medical society has been founded—Society of Non-OR Interventionalists and Anesthesiologists. The mindset of anesthesiologists entering the GI suite may be at odds with the established practice of gastroenterologists and endoscopically oriented nurses who have successfully treated healthier patients with mild-to-moderate sedation for procedures that were more straightforward, diagnostic, and of short duration. This article presents a perspective in favor of propofol monotherapy, the administration of deep sedation with a natural airway for the vast majority of advanced endoscopic treatments, and the critical requirement that end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring (or an equivalent independent measure of effective ventilation) be used at all times.
A dynamic p-adaptation algorithm for the DGTD simulation of nonlinear EM-plasma interaction

During the process of high-power microwave breakdown, neutral air particles are rapidly ionized by high-intensity electromagnetic (EM) fields. The ionized particles form a cloud of plasma, which generate secondary EM fields and interact with the incident fields. In the meantime, the plasma also diffuses from higher density regions to the surrounding lower density regions. The ionization-diffusion mechanism in the nonlinear EM-plasma interaction results in a plasma front with an extremely high density gradient, which evolves and propagates in space and time. To capture such a high density gradient and the resulting highly localized EM fields, a numerical method with a very high spatial resolution is required. Based on the nodal discontinuous Galerkin time-domain method, a dynamic p-adaptation algorithm is proposed in this paper to capture the fast varying physics by changing the order of basis functions wherever and whenever needed. The phenomenon of a microwave streamer elongating under the excitation of a high-intensity standing wave is simulated to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method.
Stressing over anxiety: A novel interaction of 5-HTTPLR genotype and anxiety-related phenotypes in older adults

Variation within the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTPLR) contributes to individual differences in trait neuroticism and increases risk for the development of psychopathology in the context of stressful life events. The underlying mechanisms may involve dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the release of stress-related hormones. Yet, observed effects are small, possibly because they occur against the background of many other, mostly unknown, genetic and environmental variables. In this study, we removed much of the variance contributed by such background factors by including complex trait and behavioral measures in our analyses, to isolate the unique contributions of 5-HTTLPR genotype to cortisol baseline, reactivity, and recovery during the Trier Social Stress Test. We recruited 82 community-dwelling older adults (55 and older), an under-studied population, and measured salivary cortisol levels at baseline and following the TSST. As a comparison group we also recruited 88 younger adults (males only, 18-51 years old). Neuroticism, trait anxiety, perceived stress levels, and early childhood trauma experiences were measured using self-report questionnaires. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a latent anxiety trait. Cortisol baseline levels were significantly elevated in older adult S-allele carriers (but not in LL-homozygotes) who scored higher on the latent anxiety trait, relative to S-allele carriers. No such differences were found among younger adults, nor amongst measures obtained during the reactivity or recovery periods. These results highlight the utility of taking into account background variables that may otherwise obscure associations between genetic variables and endophenotypes.
A review on the epidemiologic features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

Severe fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever disease in the rural areas of east-central China, which is caused by SFTSV-a newly discovered bunyavirus. SFTSV is most likely transmitted by tick bites but can also be transmitted within human beings. The onset of SFTS is sudden and with rapid progress, with main clinical manifestations as fever, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and gastrointestinal and hepatorenal dysfunctions. Some patients may die from multiple organ failure, and the case fatality rate is approximately 10%. In this paper, we use the method of literature review to summarize the recent research progress of SFTS which includes the epidemic distribution characteristics, medium of transmission, host animals, transmission routes and susceptibility in the general population.
Teacher Attrition in Charter and Public Schools

This paper examines attrition and retention rates among teachers in charter and traditional public schools. This study finds that among all teachers, there is no difference in the attrition rate between charter and traditional public school teachers. Among new teachers, charter teachers are 3.39 times more likely to leave teaching than their traditional public school counterparts. Among new teachers who voluntarily leave or move, teaching at a charter increases the odds of leaving by a factor of 3.04. The difference between the two rates indicates that charter schools may be exercising their freedom to let go of teachers which are not a good fit for their schools. Teachers with a higher opportunity cost of teaching, those teaching high school, those with graduate degrees, and those with grater responsibilities outside of the classroom are more likely to leave the profession.
From Early Dating Violence to Adult Intimate Partner Violence: Continuity and Sources of Resilience in Adulthood

Background Previous literature has found continuity for intimate partner violence, but little research has explored continuity between dating violence and adult intimate partner violence (IPV) or whether protective factors may attenuate this relationship. Aims This research hypothesised a positive relationship between dating violence in early adulthood and later adulthood IPV and that support and attachment would provide buffering and direct protection for this relationship. Methods Data from the Rochester Youth Development Study were used to explore these questions through negative binomial regression. Results Dating violence was statistically significantly related to an increase of adult IPV. Family support, parental reports of attachment to the subject, peer support and parenting-related social support all were protective factors that provided a direct effect for those respondents perpetrating dating violence. None of the protective factors provided buffering protection between dating violence and adult IPV. Conclusions Results confirm significant continuity between dating violence and IPV and that support from peers and family, parenting-related support and parental reports of attachment protect an individual from continuing to engage in intimate partner violence throughout adulthood. Bolstering these supportive relationships may help provide points of intervention to interrupt the link between early dating violence and later adulthood IPV. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How Work-Life Balance, Job Performance, and Ethics Connect: Perspectives of Current and Future Accountants

Abstract Prior research has shown that a work environment that facilitates work-life balance not only benefits the personal lives of employees but also leads to better job performance and ethical decision-making. Allocation of time between career and personal life is an age-old challenge for working people. Work-life balance refers to the manner in which people distribute time between their jobs and other activities, such as family, personal pursuits, and community involvement. This study compares the work-life balance perspectives of current and future accountants. Three research questions are examined. The first relates to the importance accountants place on work-life balance. The second concerns how work-life balance perspectives of current practitioners compare to future accountants. The third considers how gender differences affect work-life balance perspectives. Data for analysis was obtained via a survey of current accounting practitioners and of future accountants (students near graduation). Findings indicate that both current and future accountants believe that a healthy work-life balance is connected to work satisfaction, work performance, and ethical decision-making.
Researching Environmental Crime in Non-democratic Regimes

This article describes how one might study environmental crime in non-democratic regimes. Environmental crimes and harms are committed in both democratic and non-democratic regimes, yet in non-democratic regimes, researchers face unique methodological challenges (e.g., threats to physical integrity). Despite these challenges, studying environmental crime in autocratic regimes is a worthwhile endeavor for both students and scholars of autocratic regimes and environmental crime, as well as the overlap thereof. First, such inquiries illuminate how environmental crime provides autocratic leaders with the resources to cement their power. Second, studying environmental crime in autocratic settings encourages a reconceptualization of the meaning of environmental crime. Namely, environmental crime in autocratic regimes does not start at the law implementation stage, but already at the law-making stage. In this article, we summarize and reflect on our work on environmental crime in the Armenian mining industry (Stefes and Theodoratos in Fighting environmental crime in Europe and Abroad: the role of the EU and its member states, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2016). Much of this work relied on interviews conducted with journalists, NGO representatives, and foreign diplomats familiar with the situation in the Armenian mining sector. As we present our findings, we highlight the challenges that researchers face when tracing the institutions, actors, and their networks that facilitate environmental crime. We conclude with some practical advice for researchers who want to study environmental crime under such autocratic conditions.
Triphasic contrast enhanced CT simulation with bolus tracking for pancreas SBRT target delineation.

Abstract Purpose Bolus-tracked multiphasic contrast computed tomography (CT) is often used in diagnostic radiology to enhance the visibility of pancreas tumors, but is uncommon in radiation therapy pancreas CT simulation, and its impact on gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation is unknown. This study evaluates the lesion conspicuity and consistency of pancreas stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) GTVs contoured in the different contrast phases of triphasic CT simulation scans. Methods and materials Triphasic, bolus-tracked planning CT simulation scans of 10 consecutive pancreas SBRT patients were acquired, yielding images of the pancreas during the late arterial (LA), portal venous (PV), and either the early arterial or delayed phase. GTVs were contoured on each phase by a gastrointestinal-specialized radiation oncologist and reviewed by a fellowship-trained abdominal radiologist who specializes in pancreatic imaging. The volumes of the registered GTVs, their overlap ratio, and the 3-dimensional margin expansions necessary for each GTV to fully encompass GTVs from the other phases were calculated. The contrast difference between tumor and normal pancreas was measured, and 2 radiation oncologists rank-ordered the phases according to their value for the lesion-contouring task. Results Tumor-to-pancreas enhancement was on average much larger for the LA and PV than the delayed phase or early arterial phases; the LA and PV phases were also consistently preferred by the radiation oncologists. Enhancement differences among the phases resulted in highly variable GTV volumes with no observed trends. Overlap ratios ranged from 18% to 75% across all 3 phases, improving to 43% to 91% when considering only the preferred LA and PV phases. GTV expansions necessary to encompass all GTVs ranged from 0.3 to 1.8 cm for all 3 phases, improving slightly to 0.1 to 1.4 cm when considering just the LA and PV phases. Conclusions For pancreas SBRT, we recommend combining the GTVs from a multiphasic CT simulation with bolus-tracking, including, at a minimum, a Boolean "OR" of the LA and PV phases.
Mixing and transport from combined stretching-and-folding and cutting-and-shuffling.

While structures and bifurcations controlling tracer particle transport and mixing have been studied extensively for systems with only stretching-and-folding, and to a lesser extent for systems with only cutting-and-shuffling, few studies have considered systems with a combination of both. We demonstrate two bifurcations for nonmixing islands associated with elliptic periodic points that only occur in systems with combined cutting-and-shuffling and stretching-and-folding, using as an example a map approximating biaxial rotation of a less-than-half-full spherical granular tumbler. First, we characterize a bifurcation of elliptic island containment, from containment by manifolds associated with hyperbolic periodic points to containment by cutting line tangency. As a result, the maximum size of the nonmixing region occurs when the island is at the bifurcation point. We also demonstrate a bifurcation where periodic points are annihilated by the cutting-and-shuffling action. Chains of elliptic and hyperbolic periodic points that arise when invariant tori surrounding an elliptic point break up [according to Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) theory] can annihilate when they meet a cutting line. Consequently, the Poincare index (a topological invariant of smooth systems) is not preserved.
Laboratory designs and validations of a glandularity-adjustable dual-purpose breast tissue phantom

The objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate a breast tissue equivalent phantom that can be used for dual purposes, conventional x-ray imaging and ultrasonography. This phantom was designed based on the prototype of an intralipid-gel soft tissue mimicking phantom used for laser photothermal therapy. The glandularities and the densities of the phantom can be adjusted by modifying the ratio of intralipid and other ingredients and adding fiber powders. An adipose tissue phantom and a glandular tissue phantom were firstly developed and phantoms of different glandularities were further developed through mixing different weight proportions of adipose and glandular. To validate the properties of the phantom for the applications of x-ray imaging techniques, three methods were employed: (1) the compositions of the elements contained in the phantoms were estimated through calculations; (2) the x-ray mass attenuation coefficients of the phantom were calculated based on the elemental compositions; (3) the x-ray photon energies deposit in the phantoms with different glandularities were simulated using Geant4 Simulation Tool Kit. The results showed high agreements with the real breast tissues at corresponding breast glandularities. For the application in ultrasonography, the elasticity of the phantom was determined by measuring the value of Young’s modulus and the value of 39 ± 10 kPa indicated the satisfactory of the requirement of being used as phantom for ultrasound imaging. Therefore, the phantoms developed in this study potentially provided a solution of dualpurpose breast tissue mimicking phantom in the needs of different level of glandularity.
Evaluación de la incidencia de la temperatura en la producción de lípidos obtenidos a partir de biomasa microalgal a escala laboratorio

El proyecto tiene como objetivo evaluar el proceso de produccion de biomasa microalgal de la microalga Chlorella Vulgaris en funcion de la variable temperatura, con el fin de determinar la incidencia de este parametro en la produccion de lipidos. El analisis de obtencion de lipidos se realizara por medio de los protocolos de extraccion establecidos. El proceso consiste en la inoculacion de la microalga Chlorella Vulgaris en un medio de cultivo seleccionando las condiciones apropiadas para el correcto funcionamiento del mismo, manejando variables como temperatura, aireacion, fotoperiodo y luz con el fin de no afectar su crecimiento. La implementacion de un fotobiorreactor a escala de laboratorio tambien permitira el analisis de factores como la productividad volumetrica, la eficiencia y la tasa de crecimiento, aspectos que varian en funcion de la temperatura; para cumplir las condiciones de proceso sera utilizado un fotobiorreactor con un sistema de burbujeo. La metodologia que se trabaja se divide en tres etapas; la etapa inicial donde se realiza la adquisicion de la cepa de trabajo, se seleccionaran los parameros adecuados de crecimiento para el desarrollo de la microalga; en la etapa de desarrollo se procede al desarrollo experimental a partir de las condiciones establecidas en la etapa anterior empleando volumenes de reaccion correspondientes a 10 mL, 100 mL, 500 mL, 1000 mL y 3 L para posteriormente llevar a cabo la extraccion de los lipidos contenidos en la biomasa. Luego se procede a cromatografia de gases para realizar la cuantificacion de lipidos y visualizacion de los perfiles lipidicos esperados. Finalmente en la etapa de analisis se realiza la interpretacion y analisis de los resultados dados en cada fase del proceso para determinar segun la temperatura, su comportamiento al momento del crecimiento. Esta evaluacion se realiza teniendo en cuenta la tasa de crecimiento calculada para cada perfil con respecto al efecto de las temperaturas usadas determinando la incidencia de la temperatura en la produccion de lipidos a partir de biomasa microalgal.
Mechanisms of Uptake and Processing of Macromolecules by the Liver

This conference on receptor-mediated uptake in the liver brings together investigators who have studied endocytic mechanisms for a variety of macromolecules. A large emphasis has been placed on the plasma lipoproteins, which in mass terms probably contribute the most to these processes.
Underemployment and Older Workers

Overall population shifts in developed countries show that the proportion of aged individuals has been steadily increasing. Accordingly, their participation in the labor force has also been on the rise. This chapter discusses these trends and outlines factors that influence such participation in older individuals. The proposed conceptual framework suggests that underemployment among older workers can arise in three different forms: re-employment after a job loss, re-employment after retirement in a bridge job, and within the course of regular employment. Furthermore, the chapter emphasizes the differences between objective and subjective underemployment, proposing that several factors may moderate the relationship between objective and subjective underemployment among older workers. Future research should examine these factors since the increase in the supply of older workers creates both potential benefits and challenges for organizations.
Fish species identification by isoelectric focusing: sarcoplasmic protein polymorphism in monkfish (Lophius americanus).

Monkfish (Lophius americanus) sarcoplasmic protein patterns were found to be polymorphic with respect to separations using isoelectric focusing. Reproducible protein pattern variations were not detected using cellulose acetate or polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. Monkfish sarcoplasmic proteins separated on pH 3.5-9.5 Ampholine PAGplates or on pH 2.5-9.0 agarose IEF gels yielded similar patterns showing 3 distinct, reproducible variations. On close examination, the pH 3.5-9.5 Ampholine PAGplate patterns could be further subdivided into 3 additional variations. A high resolution pH 3.5-5.0 agarose IEF gel was able to resolve a total of 10 different monkfish pattern variations in a sample of 24 individuals. A model was proposed suggesting the existence of 16 distinct variations in the monkfish sarcoplasmic protein pattern, based on the various combinations of 4 protein bands. In identifying samples of monkfish meat, it is necessary to compare the unknown pattern with the possible variant patterns to effect a reliable identification. On recommendation by the Associate Referee, the method for fish species identification based on polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing, 18.A01-18.A04, has been adopted official final action with no restrictions as to the species that may be identified.
Joint estimation of multiple network Granger causal models

Abstract Joint regularized modeling framework is presented for the estimation of multiple Granger causal networks. High-dimensional network Granger models focus on learning the corresponding causal effects amongst a large set of distinct time series. They are operationalized through the formalism of Vector Autoregressive Models (VAR). The latter represent a popular class of time series models that has been widely used in applied econometrics and finance. In particular, the setting of the same set of variables being measured on different entities over time is considered (e.g. same set of economic indicators for multiple US states). Moreover, the covariance structure of the error term is assumed to exhibit low rank structure which can be recovered by a factor model. The framework allows to account for both sparsity and potential similarities between the related networks by introducing appropriate structural penalties on the transition matrices of the corresponding VAR models. An alternating directions method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is developed for solving the underlying joint estimation optimization problem. The performance of the joint estimation method is evaluated on synthetic data and illustrated on an application involving economic indicators for multiple US states 1 .
Remote Monitoring and Online Testing of Machine Tools for Fault Diagnosis and Maintenance Using MTComm in a Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Cloud

Existing systems allow manufacturers to acquire factory floor data and perform analysis with cloud applications for machine health monitoring, product quality prediction, fault diagnosis and prognosis etc. However, they do not provide capabilities to perform testing of machine tools and associated components remotely, which is often crucial to identify causes of failure. This paper presents a fault diagnosis system in a cyber-physical manufacturing cloud (CPMC) that allows manufacturers to perform diagnosis and maintenance of manufacturing machine tools through remote monitoring and online testing using Machine Tool Communication (MTComm). MTComm is an Internet scale communication method that enables both monitoring and operation of heterogeneous machine tools through RESTful web services over the Internet. It allows manufacturers to perform testing operations from cloud applications at both machine and component level for regular maintenance and fault diagnosis. This paper describes different components of the system and their functionalities in CPMC and techniques used for anomaly detection and remote online testing using MTComm. It also presents the development of a prototype of the proposed system in a CPMC testbed. Experiments were conducted to evaluate its performance to diagnose faults and test machine tools remotely during various manufacturing scenarios. The results demonstrated excellent feasibility to detect anomaly during manufacturing operations and perform testing operations remotely from cloud applications using MTComm.
Phase 2, open-label, multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of INCB054828 in patients (pts) with advanced, metastatic, or surgically unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) with inadequate response to prior therapy.

TPS4145Background: Dysregulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling by FGFR translocations and activating mutations is implicated in many cancers, including CCA. FGFR2 translocat...
Criollos, Caudillos, and the Violent State

Argentina’s intense political struggles of the turn of the century have often been framed as a local versus foreign conflict. This chapter argues that Eduardo Gutierrez’s and Jose J. Podesta’s Juan Moreira, Ezequiel Soria’s Justicia criolla, and Nemesio Trejo’s Libertad de sufragio and Los politicos frame politics differently, suggesting instead that modernity’s substitution of criollo values with market values opens a space for abusive politicians to rule. Through a diverse repertoire of performative tactics they frame the political and justice systems as lucrative, violent systems dominated by opportunists, illustrating the need to turn to political alternatives taken from popular criollismo, such as justicia criolla. Thus, they realign resistance with the local popular culture and, paradoxically, open a space for cross-cultural alliances against the oligarchy grounded in the precarity of the popular sectors.
Effects of aerobic fitness on cognitive performance as a function of dual-task demands in older adults.

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic fitness on cognitive performance under varying dual-task demands in older adults. Thirty-four participants (mean ± SD age: 68.6 ± 10.1 years, 24 females) were included in this study. VO2 max was assessed with the Rockport 1-mile walk test (range = 6.68–45.57). Participants engaged in a cognitive task, the Modified Stroop Color Word Test (MSCWT) on a self-paced treadmill while simultaneously standing or walking. Performance on the Stroop Test was measured as interference of the accuracy score. Participants demonstrated over a 4-fold increase in SI when going from Incongruent to Switching MSCWT blocks across both standing and walking tasks. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between the MSCWT block and VO2 max in Stroop interference, such that Switching Stroop interference demonstrated greater changes due to VO2 max, in comparison to Incongruent SI, even after controlling for age, gender, body mass index, and years of education as covariates in analyses. These results provide evidence of a relationship between aerobic fitness and cognition, suggesting that dual-task interference may provide a sensitive indicator of effects of an aerobic intervention program on the cognitive performance among older adults.
Variations in access to specialty care for children with severe burns.

Abstract Background Pediatric burns account for 120,000 emergency department visits and 10,000 hospitalizations annually. The American Burn Association has guidelines regarding referrals to burn centers; however there is variation in burn center distribution. We hypothesized that disparity in access would be related to burn center access. Methods Using weighted discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2001–2011, we identified pediatric patients with International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision codes for burns that also met American Burn Association criteria. Key characteristics were compared between pediatric patients treated at burn centers and those that were not. Results Of 54,529 patients meeting criteria, 82.0% (n = 44,632) were treated at burn centers. Patients treated at burn centers were younger (5.6 versus 6.7 years old; p Conclusion The majority of children who met criteria were treated at burn centers. There was no significant difference between geographical regions. Of those who were treated at burn centers, more severe injury patterns were noted, but there was no significant mortality difference. Further study of optimal referral of pediatric burn patients is needed.
Information services as a corporate resource in Exxon

Presentation d'ensemble des services d'information de la Exxon Research and Engineering Company: recherche documentaire en ligne, telechargement, prise en compte des besoins des utilisateurs et mise en œuvre de procedures de recherche par l'utilisateur final
Weak signal extraction using matrix decomposition, with application to ultra high energy neutrino detection

In radio-based physics experiments, sensitive analysis techniques are often required to extract signals at or below the level of noise. For a recent experiment at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory to test a radar-based detection scheme for high energy neutrino cascades, such a sensitive analysis was employed to dig down into a spurious background and extract a putative signal. In this technique, the backgrounds are decomposed into an orthonormal basis, into which individual data vectors (signal + background) can be expanded. This expansion is a filter that can extract signals with amplitudes $\sim$1 % of the background. This analysis technique is particularly useful for applications when the exact signal characteristics (spectral content, duration) are not known. In this proceeding we briefly present the results of this analysis in the context of test-beam experiment 576 (T576) at SLAC.
Base Broadening Gone Wrong: Work-Related Costs and the TCJA

Tax policy scholars often advocate broadening the tax base. Not all base broadening is created equal, however. A fundamental tax policy principle, firmly grounded in economic theory, requires that an income tax allow deductions for the costs of earning income, including work-related costs. Base broadening that removes those deductions is misdirected. Unfortunately, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act implemented that type of base broadening by suspending tax relief for moving expenses and employee business expenses for 2018 through 2025.
Electrodeposition of Titanium Aluminide (TiAl) Alloy from AlCl 3 –BMIC Ionic Liquid at Low Temperature

Titanium and its intermetallic titanium aluminide (TiAl) alloys are technologically exciting materials due to their unique thermomechanical properties such as low density, excellent strength, and exceptional corrosion resistance. Herein, we demonstrate a low-cost route to electrodeposit TiAl alloy from liquid (IL) using a 2:1 molar ratio of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIC). The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) techniques were used to investigate the electrosynthesis parameters. The electrodeposition of phase-pure TiAl was accomplished on a copper cathode at a constant potential at 100 °C in a three-electrode configuration that involved Ti plate counter electrode (anode) as a sacrificial donor source of Ti ions in the IL and titanium or platinum wire as a reference electrode. The electrodeposited TiAl alloy electrodes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods. The electrodeposited TiAl alloy exhibited uniform, smooth, and compact morphology.
The OATH Syndemic: opioids and other substances, aging, alcohol, tobacco, and HIV.

Purpose of review: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) are aging, continue to use alcohol and other substances, and experience age-associated adverse effects. We explore a new syndemic: OATH (opioids and other substances, aging, alcohol, tobacco, and HIV). Recent findings: Frailty and falls are important problems that affect the health status of PLWH who continue to use alcohol and other substances. HIV, alcohol and other substance use, and aging each contributes to inflammaging. Multimorbidity and polypharmacy are also important pathways as alcohol and other substances interact with prescribed medications resulting in adverse-drug interactions leading to potentially serious consequences. Social conditions including racism, poverty, sex bias, stress, and stigma contribute to the existence and persistence of this syndemic. Summary: Substance use, HIV, and aging are linked in a new syndemic (OATH) that drives age-related outcomes such as frailty and falls. We need to expand our understanding of the 'healthcare team' so that we include social and political advocates who can support necessary structural change. Treatment of substance use should be better incorporated into the management of HIV, including a focus on potential medication/substance interactions. Finally, we need to explore treatment of frailty rather than individual manifestations of frailty (e.g., atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration).
Evaluation of Electromagnetic Emissions at a Photovoltaic Installation through Application of a Robotic Platform

Solar-based electrical power depends upon arrays of solar cells to produce voltage—direct current (DC) voltage. To operate equipment requiring alternating current (AC), or to connect to a utility’s distribution system, photovoltaic (PV) systems depend upon power electronic converters—devices that chop DC voltage into an approximation of an AC sine wave. Such devices, called inverters, operate at speeds that may produce radio frequency (RF) emissions (also known as electromagnetic interference, or EMI) over a broad range of frequencies. Photovoltaic installations may cover large swathes of territory. How may these emissions be identified, located, and monitored effectively and how may the effectiveness of any mitigation efforts at specific locations be assessed at a future date at the same specific locations? The Autonomous Mobile Measurement Platform (AMMP), a mobile measuring platform first developed to take repeatable measurements of multiple, interior building conditions (light, temperature, air quality, EMI, and others), was adapted for measuring EMI in the outdoor environment, such as at a PV installation. The focus of this paper concerns the application of the AMMP to survey, measure, and record for later analysis EMI conditions at specific points within a PV site— and the repeatable measurement of EMI at those same points in the future.
A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 100 Cited Papers in Retinal Detachment

Purpose:This work aimed to identify and analyze the most frequently cited articles in retinal detachment (RD).Methods:Institute for Scientific Information’s Web of Science index (Thomas Scientific)...
The Role of Collections of Objects in Abduction

The abductive stage of logical investigation benefits from direct contact with objects of thought, especially material objects in aggregates. The ubiquity of collecting activity and collections of non-utilitarian material objects in ancient as well as contemporary settings, with increasingly deliberate attention to material objects as implements of thought, demonstrates these benefits. This essay focuses on the logica utens of collecting and the role of collections in detection and discovery.
What Does it Mean to be a Female Character in “Indie” Game Storytelling? Narrative Framing and Humanization in Independently Developed Video Games:

Video games have long held a spotty history in their narratives regarding women. Most research has examined large budget games and identified issues of simplification, oversexualization, and a gene...
SARS-CoV-2 hijacks p38β/MAPK11 to promote viral protein translation

SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, drastically modifies the cells that it infects. One such effect is the activation of the host p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which plays a major role in inflammation pathways that are dysregulated in severe COVID-19 cases. Inhibition of p38/MAPK activity in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells reduces both cytokine production and viral replication. Here, we applied a systems biology approach to better understand interactions between the p38/MAPK pathway and SARS-CoV-2 in human lung epithelial cells. We found several components of the p38/MAPK pathway positively and negatively impact SARS-CoV-2 infection and that p38{beta} is a required host factor for SARS-CoV-2 that acts by promoting viral protein translation in a manner that prevents innate immune sensing. Furthermore, we combined chemical and genetic perturbations of p38{beta} with quantitative phosphoproteomics to identify novel, putative p38{beta} substrates in an unbiased manner, with broad relevance beyond SARS-CoV-2 biology.
Single Step Bi-reforming and Oxidative Bi-reforming of Methane (Natural Gas) with Steam and Carbon Dioxide to Metgas (CO-2H2) for Methanol Synthesis: Self-Sufficient Effective and Exclusive Oxygenation of Methane to Methanol with Oxygen

Catalysts based on suitable metal oxide supports, such as NiO/MgO and CoO/MgO, were shown to be active for single step bi-reforming, the combined steam and dry reforming of methane or natural gas with H2O and CO2 exclusively to metgas (CO-2H2) for efficient methanol synthesis. Reactions were carried out in a tubular flow reactor under pressures up to 42 bar at 830–910 °C. Using a CH4 to steam to CO2 ratio of ∼3:2:1 in the gas feed, the H2/CO ratio of 2:1 was achieved, which is desired for subsequent methanol synthesis. The needed 2/1 steam/CO2 feed ratio together with the reaction heat for the endothermic bi-reforming can be conveniently obtained by the complete combustion of a quarter part of the overall used methane (natural gas) with oxygen of the air (oxidative bi-reforming). Complete combustion of a part of methane followed by bi-reforming leads to the production of metgas (H2/CO in 2:1 mol ratio) for self-sufficient exclusive methanol synthesis. The long sought after but elusive efficient and select...
Analysis of a Circular Composite Disk Subjected to Edge Rotations and Hydrostatic Pressure

The structural analysis results for a graphite/epoxy quasi-isotropic circular plate subjected to a forced rotation at the boundary and pressure is presented. The analysis is to support a specialized material characterization test for composite cryogenic tanks. Finite element models were used to ensure panel integrity and determine the pressure necessary to achieve a predetermined equal biaxial strain value. The displacement results due to the forced rotation at the boundary led to a detailed study of the bending stiffness matrix [D]. The variation of the bending stiffness terms as a function of angular position is presented graphically, as well as, an illustrative technique of considering the laminate as an I-beam.
Theory and measurement in the public understanding of science: a rejoinder to Bauer and Schoon

In the paper `Mapping variety in public understanding of science' Bauer and Schoon apply a multi-dimensional coding to responses to the open question `Please tell me, in your own words, what does it mean to study something scientifically?', and draw some conclusions about cultural diversity from their results. I argue here that this study was inappropriate for two main reasons: first, because the open question was formulated and fielded not to elicit information which would reveal diversity but to assess public scientific literacy against a three-dimensional measure of understanding of three aspects of science which are relevant to the conduct and resolution of public science policy debates; and second, because the data set used by Bauer and Schoon was small and biased.
Creating Knowledge Structure Maps to support Explicit Knowledge Management

The idea that knowledge management can be carried out explicitly is often challenged by many in the knowledge management discipline. Some even challenge the value of the term ‘knowledge’ in this domain and have instead widened the definition of knowledge management to include almost anything that improves the business. Although it is accepted that many of the methods and the systems described within the knowledge management domain can be of great value to organisations and are clearly sensible steps to take, it is not necessary for those approaches to be exclusive of the possibility of a discrete approach to the direct management of the knowledge resource.
Estimating models of expectations: A simplified sequential approach

Abstract This paper outlines a simple method for continuous updating of parameters that requires direct estimation only in the initial period. The basic technique, which is fairly well-known in the statistics literature, is useful for estimating models of expectations where period by period updating is typically necessary.
Ligand-induced changes in T box antiterminator RNA stability.

The T box antiterminator RNA element is an important component of the T box riboswitch that controls the transcription of vital genes in many Gram-positive bacteria. A series of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles was screened in a fluorescence-monitored thermal denaturation assay to identify ligands that altered the stability of antiterminator model RNA. Several ligands were identified that significantly increased or decreased the melting temperature (Tm) of the RNA. The results indicate that this series of triazole ligands can alter the stability of antiterminator model RNA in a structure-dependent manner.