cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fluid Models for Parallel Processor Allocation

The problem of optimal processor allocation in parallel systems in the presence of nonlinear dynamics is considered. The flow of parallel jobs is modelled as that of a continuous fluid, and the Maximum Principle is applied to the resulting problem. The optimal fluid solution provides a lower bound on performance. Based on the optimal solution, several suboptimal (static partitioning) policies are proposed, and their performance is shown to be close to the lower bound in numerical examples.
Differential diagnosis of psychosis. A brief guide for the primary care physician.

PreviewBecause many types of psychosis look identical in cross- sectional mental status examinations, differential diagnosis can be difficult. Correct diagnosis is important, however, because treatment and prognosis of these disorders may differ radically. In this article, Dr Citrome presents clinical guidelines to help the primary care physician avoid misdiagnosing other disorders as schizophrenia.
The Cytoskeleton: An Intermediate in the Expression of the Transformed Phenotype in Malignant Cells

Transformation of cells in vitro by viral or chemical agents is accompanied by a variety of physiological, morphological, and growth-related changes, including altered lectin-binding characteristics and changes in surface proteins (Burger 1973; Pollack and Burger, 1969). In many forms of neoplasia, striking changes occur in cell morphology, including the transition from flattened anisotropic forms that grow as monolayers to rounded pleomorphic forms that pile up as multilayered foci in culture (Temin and Rubin, 1958; Stoker and Abel, 1962). Changes in growth properties include loss of density-dependent control of growth (Todaro et al., 1964), loss of contact-inhibited mobility (Gail and Boone, 1971), and acquisition of anchorage-independent growth (Stoker and MacPherson, 1961; Freedman and Shin, 1974; Benedict et al., 1975; Evans and DiPaolo, 1975; Risser and Pollack 1974). Transformed cells grow well in media containing reduced serum content and are often characterized by reduced cyclic AMP levels (Smith et. al., 1971; Holly and Kiernan, 1968; Anderson et al., 1973; Sneppard, 1972; Mohanhan et al., 1973). Although it is known that various properties in this list are dissociable and are not linked as a group to malignant transformation, taken collectively these findings attest to the molecular complexity of cell transformation. Since most carcinogenic agents are also thought to be mutagens which interact with nuclear DNA producing point mutations and chromosome rearrangements how are these mutations manifested in the broad spectrum of phenotypic changes which accompany transformation?
The “Innocent” Cough or Sneeze: A Harbinger of Serious Latex Allergy in Children During Bladder Stimulation and Urodynamic Testing

Latex hypersensitivity is a well documented phenomenon most commonly reported in children with spina bifida during surgical and other procedures involving exposure to latex. IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity to the protein or polypeptide components of latex may be severe and manifest as generalized anaphylaxis or cardiovascular collapse. Of 17 children with spina bifida undergoing transurethral electrical bladder stimulation we identified 5 with latex allergy 3 to 9 years old. All 5 patients were noted to manifest sneezing or a cough several minutes before the development of a generalized hypersensitivity reaction, which in several patients progressed to bronchospasm. Subsequent investigations have shown that the inciting agent was the rectal pressure balloon made from a latex finger cot. Recognition of the earliest manifestations of latex hypersensitivity is an important clinical tool in the prevention of severe allergic reactions.
Building Self-organizing Autonomic Agent Based on a Mobile Cell

This paper proposes and evaluates a biologically inspired autonomous system that makes networked agents or applications to be autonomous, scalable, adaptive. With the proposed system, a network application consisting of an associate of agents is designed by decentralized agents, which are analogous to mobile cells that have ability to migrate in biological systems. Each agent has a unique functionality for network systems, and implements biological behaviors such as migration, replication, reproduction, and death. The proposed system allows agents to autonomously sense its surrounding environments to evaluate whether they adapts well to the sensed environment conditions. Empirical measurement results show that the agent adapts well to the dynamic environments.
Procurement Processes and Finance

The basics for any improvement in procurement finance are essentially two aspects: a clear definition of its processes and the analysis of the relationships between finance and procurement. This chapter examines these two aspects. It underlines the move from the traditional supply chain with its linear nature and its limitation to inside the boundary of the organizations to the value network. This expression underlines two important aspects. The first one is the extension of the traditional supply chain outside of the organization, including the vendors, the partners, the distributors, and even the customer. The second aspect is the fact that the procurement “chain” is becoming more and more a network, in order to satisfy the request of flexibility and collaboration and to add value to the end customers. The chapter presents a model of the relationships between finance and procurement to reach the objectives of the organization.
Investigation of prostate resected weight on postoperative sexual dysfunction following transurethral resection of prostate surgery: a population-based study.

Background Benign prostate hyperplasia, a common disease in elderly men, can be surgically treated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Postoperative sexual dysfunction is a major issue and is influenced by many factors. The present study aimed to assess whether the intraoperative resected prostate weight influences the probability of postoperative sexual dysfunction. Methods This population-based study included 41,574 patients from the Nation Health Insurance Research Database who had undergone TURP once between 1997 and 2013. All patients were divided into three groups according to the resected prostate weight (low, medium, and high groups). Perioperative risk factors influencing sexual function were analyzed. The chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze differences in demographic data. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to analyze the HRs. All statistical analyses were two-sided, and a P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the 41,574 patients, 1,168 had postoperative sexual dysfunction after surgery. The incidence was not significantly different among the three resected prostate weight groups. Younger patients and patients with histories of chronic renal disease, ischemic heart disease, and obesity had higher prevalence of postoperative sexual dysfunction. Additionally, the onset time of sexual dysfunction was not significantly different among the three resected prostate weight groups. Conclusion Among patients undergoing TURP in Taiwan, the resected prostate weight does not seem to be related to the presence or onset time of postoperative sexual dysfunction.
Does Pre-clerkship Medical Humanities Curriculum Support Professional Identity Formation? Early Insights from a Qualitative Study.

There is a lack of consensus about the outcomes of medical humanities training. In this qualitative study, the authors analyzed pre-clerkship small group discussions to assess the nature of learning in medical humanities. Twenty-two medical students (12 females and 10 males) in three humanities small groups consented to participate. The authors used inductive thematic analysis to qualitatively analyze the text from 13 weeks of curriculum. Findings indicate that students reflect about negotiating the clinician-patient relationship within the stressful environment characteristic of today’s healthcare systems, that they worry about sacrificing their personal values in pursuit of honoring professional expectations, and that they encounter and commonly confront ambiguity. These themes were used to develop a descriptive framework of humanities small groups as a structure and safe space for the early development of professional identity.
3D viscoelastic full waveform inversion of seismic waves for geotechnical site investigation

Abstract Full waveform inversion (FWI) methods are becoming efficient geophysical tools for geotechnical site investigation. They rely on a mathematical description of wave propagation phenomena to generate synthetic wave-fields, which are then matched with measured wave-fields for extraction of material properties. Due to the inherent computational challenges in implementing a viscoelastic treatment of the wave propagation phenomena, most of the existing 3D FWI algorithms are based on an elastic treatment, and hence ignore the anelastic behavior of materials. The focus of this study is to account for the anelastic effect of materials in the inversion analysis to improve inverted results. Therefore, a 3D viscoelastic FWI method is developed and tested on synthetic and field datasets. The method is based on an existing solution of 3D viscoelastic wave equations (finite-difference solver SOFI3D) and the adjoint-state inversion approach. The results show that the viscoelastic waveform analysis was able to characterize low- and high-velocity synthetic layers, and real variable soil layers. The S-wave velocity (Vs) profiles from field experiment generally agree with invasive standard penetration test (SPT) N-values, including identification of a low-velocity zone. Vs profiles obtained from a 3D elastic FWI are also included for comparison, and results from the viscoelastic inversion are more consistent with the SPT N-values in both trend and magnitudes.
Quantitative Drug Release Monitoring in Tumors of Living Subjects by Magnetic Particle Imaging Nanocomposite.

In vivo drug release monitoring provides accurate and reliable information to guide drug dosing. Image-based strategies for in vivo monitoring are advantageous because they are non-invasive and pro...
P171 Antenatal corticosteroid therapy: to determine the level of adherence to protocol in preterm neonates

Background and aim Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCPI) guideline for preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (PPROM) recommends the administration of antenatal corticosteroids for women who are 24 to 36 weeks pregnant with anticipated preterm labour. It reduces the risks of respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular haemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis. Recommended steroid is 12 mg of intramuscular Betamethasone given 24 hours apart and at least 24 hours before delivery. This study determined the level of adherence to the guidelines. Methodology Mothers who presented in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes between 1/1/2015 and 31/12/2018 were incorporated into this study. Mothers were evaluated for maternal age, parity, body mass index, ethnicity and demographic distribution. Babies were evaluated for gender, gestational age, weight, corticosteroid type and time of administration prior to delivery, number of doses, type of respiratory support, comorbidities and length of hospital stay. Data was recorded on a collection sheet. Results 103 mothers with PPROM were eligible to receive antenatal steroids, of whom 44(43%) received recommended treatment and 59(57%) received incomplete or no treatment. Out of infants who received complete course of antenatal steroids, 7(16%) required surfactant and intubation, 3 (7%) required CPAP and surfactant, 16(36.4%) required only CPAP, 1 (2%) required high flow oxygen and 17(38.6%) did not need any respiratory support. Of the 59 infants who had an incomplete course or no steroids, 12(20%) required surfactant and intubation, 4(6.8%) required surfactant and CPAP, 20(34%) required CPAP, 1 (2%) required low flow oxygen and 22(37.2%) did not require any support. Of those who received complete treatment, 26 were early preterm (28- Conclusion It was found that adherence to guideline is satisfactory. Imminent preterm delivery prevented 100% adherence to the protocol. This is a risk reduction strategy and parents should be made aware of the possible outcomes.
Religion and the construction of identity

Abstract The relationship between religion and identity has been a fundamental but elusive inquiry throughout the history of the social sciences, from Durkheim’s classic work to the recent rise of experimental existential psychology (XXP). The psychology of religion in general, and XXP in particular, has tended in recent years toward unidimensional, quantitative operationalizations of “religiosity.” Drawing on a variety of existentially informed perspectives—such as cultural-existential psychology and existential anthropology—we propose a theoretical and methodological approach to religious identity wherein private, social, and developmental dimensions of religion and identity may be integrated. As a demonstration of this novel perspective, we review our own prior research on the construction of identity and existential emotions in minority religious congregations, as well as relevant work from other scholars on historically specific effects of religious identity on threat and defense processes.
Contemporary approach to the difficult airway

A difficult airway can arise as a primary emergent or urgent one, or during an elective procedure, with unexpected and rapid deterioration in oxygenation. Both scenarios may be handled differently. However, open communication and planning between airway specialists involved are critical for a good outcome. Depending on the underlying causes of difficult airway situations, different approaches and management algorithms obtain. The Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck Surgeon (OHNS) should be familiar and comfortable with difficult airway situations, have an open dialogue with the rest of the airway team, and always plan for failure (as demonstrated by the Difficult Airway Society algorithm sequence, Plan A-B-C-D). This discussion describes specific techniques for securing difficult airways commonly implemented by the OHNS.
Technology Personalization in Health Applications for Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Artifact Design and a Controlled Experiment

This study will examine the design of speech conversion techniques to create a personalized voice alert system to improve user compliance and reduce wandering among individuals with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Using a controlled experiment with ASD patients, we will evaluate our proposed design feature under different conditions of technological familiarity and disease severity.
Spatial frequency domain Mueller matrix imaging

We combine Mueller matrix polarimetry (MMP) with spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) to create a technique that is sensitive to near-surface material anisotropy. We demonstrate this imaging modality with scattering and absorbing phantoms and with a fiber optic bundle. Images of depolarization show reduced depolarization under high spatial frequency illumination and demodulation and in some cases, reduced contrast to deeper features. The images of a fiber optic bundle show marked differences between illumination modulations that are aligned with the fibers versus those crossed with the fibers, demonstrating the impact of polarization on scattering direction.
Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UniVATS) left upper lobectomy in 9 steps

Abstract Background Uniportal VATS (UniVATS) lobectomy has gained widespread use since 2011, and its principles are used to treat complex cases of lung cancer. Recently, an effort to standardize the technique was made by the Uniportal VATS Interest Group. Operation UniVATS left upper lobe lobectomy was performed in a 62-year-old male patient with two distinct lesions in the upper lobe. Final pathology showed squamous carcinoma in the more central lesion (pT1aN0) and adenocarcinoma (papillary predominant, pT1aN0) in the second, peripheral nodule. Overall, 18 lymph nodes were removed from the hilar (level 11 and 12) or mediastinal (levels 5, 7 and 9) stations. The technique of UniVATS left upper lobe lobectomy is described in a series of 9 distinct steps, each with an accompanying video. Conclusion UniVATS is a safe and efficient minimally invasive approach for lobectomy, but it requires careful planning and coordination by the operating team.
Intravenous insulin: effect of binding to the infusion set upon the dose administered.

Insulin has been known for many years to adsorb to laboratory glassware. This binding is thought to be a nonspecific surface phenomenon which also occurs when small doses of insulin are administered by slow intravenous infusion for therapeutic purposes. While only 8% of the administered insulin is adsorbed to the glass infusion bottle over two hours if 10 units of insulin is added to 500 ml of isotonic saline, when one includes the insulin adsorbed to the tubing, 30% of the insulin activity is lost in two hours.
Beyond Power: Bedrock River Incision Process and Form

We present a quantitative discussion of the processes active in bedrock-floored river channels, drawn from field observations, erosion rate measurements, and simple scaling rules. Quantitative documentation of process is needed to improve our understanding of bedrock river channels and aid in the formulation of erosion rules to be used in landscape evolution simulations. Our observations in a channel with hard rock (Indus River, Pakistan) suggest quarrying and abrasion are the primary erosion processes. It appears that block quarrying is the most efficient process when joints and bedding planes are sufficiently close. The block thickness a river is capable of quarrying goes as the square of the local flow velocity, v. Quarrying requires block preparation, during which subaerial weathering, bedload bashing, and/or hydraulic wedging, a previously undocumented process, act to free a block for quarrying. The Indus River is capable of quarrying blocks of up to ∼0.7 m during annual peak flows. Rock abrasion should go as ∼v 5 . Abrasion is most effective in regions of separated flow, generating a suite of sculpted rock bedforms that includes flutes, and this suggests abrasion occurs primarily by suspended sediment. Cavitation is unlikely to be a major process, as it requires unusually high velocity, and is suppressed by flow aeration. Abrasion measured on the Indus over 1 year using drill holes is ≤4 mm, with maximum rates within flutes, and in locally steep, narrow channel segments. Cosmogenic radionuclides from the same bed locations reveal average erosion rates over ∼1.5-2.0 ka that are an order of magnitude lower than the maximum 1 year rates. We reconcile these measurements by appealing to the passage of bedforms such as flutes. Our Indus River rate measurements are many times lower than longer-term rates, possibly implying substantial hydrologic variation induced by climate change. Incision rates in bedrock channels are controlled by very local hydraulic conditions well below the resolution of reach-based erosion rules. Incorporation of this geometric complexity represents a significant challenge to the landscape evolution modeling community.
Cancer-related chronic pain

BACKGROUND: Disparities in cancer survival and pain rates negatively impact quality of life (QOL). This study examines cancer-related chronic pain (CP) and its impact on QOL in diverse cancer survivors. METHODS: This survey study focused on current and past pain, health, and QOL in black and white cancer survivors. Participants with breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer and multiple myeloma were recruited through the Michigan State Cancer Registry. Analysis of variance was used to examine outcome differences by pain status, race, and sex. Hierarchical regressions explored predictors for experiencing pain. RESULTS: The subjects (N = 199) were 31% black, 49% female, and 57 to 79 years old; 19.5% experienced current pain, and 42.6% reported pain since diagnosis. Women experience more pain (P < .001) and greater pain severity (P = .04) than men. Blacks experienced more pain interference and disability (P < .05). Experiencing pain is related to greater depressive symptoms, poorer functioning, and more symptoms. In hierarchical regressions, female sex predicted pain since diagnosis; pain severity for pain since diagnosis was predicted by black race and female sex. CONCLUSIONS: The authors extend the literature by showing that 20% of diverse cancer survivors had cancer-related CP, and 43% had experienced pain since diagnosis, revealing racial and sex disparities in cancer-related CP's incidence and impact on QOL. Having pain was related to poorer QOL in several domains and was more frequently experienced by women. Although black race was not related to pain prevalence, it was related to greater severity. This study reveals an unaddressed cancer survivorship research, clinical, and policy issue. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Inhibition of growth of OV-1063 human epithelial ovarian cancers and c- jun and c- fos oncogene expression by bombesin antagonists.

Inhibition of growth of OV-1063 human epithelial ovarian cancers and c- jun and c- fos oncogene expression by bombesin antagonists
Differential diagnosis of hereditary pigmentary maculopathies

The hereditary pigmentary macular dystrophies rank among the most challenging diagnostic entities in optometric practice. Patients with these disorders can present with clinical characteristics along a broad spectrum, ranging from normal fundus findings to profound macular changes, with or without reduction in visual function. This paper reviews the key differentiating aspects of this group of disorders, including clinical testing and management strategies.
Calculation of stress in atomistic simulation

Atomistic simulation is a useful method for studying material science phenomena. Examination of the state of a simulated material and the determination of its mechanical properties is accomplished by inspecting the stress field within the material. However, stress is inherently a continuum concept and has been proven difficult to define in a physically reasonable manner at the atomic scale. In this paper, an expression for continuum mechanical stress in atomistic systems derived by Hardy is compared with the expression for atomic stress taken from the virial theorem. Hardy's stress expression is evaluated at a fixed spatial point and uses a localization function to dictate how nearby atoms contribute to the stress at that point; thereby performing a local spatial averaging. For systems subjected to deformation, finite temperature, or both, the Hardy description of stress as a function of increasing characteristic volume displays a quicker convergence to values expected from continuum theory than volume averages of the local virial stress. Results are presented on extending Hardy's spatial averaging technique to include temporal averaging for finite temperature systems. Finally, the behaviour of Hardy's expression near a free surface is examined, and is found to be consistent with the mechanical definition for stress.
Sweeping out under a collection of transformations

Let (X, N', m) denote an atomless probability space such that N contains a countable collection of sets {E,: n = l , 2, 3, ...} which separates the points of X (i.e., if x, yEX and for every positive integer n, xeE, if and only if yeE,, then x =y). Let 5:(={T~: seS}) be a infinite collection of invertible, bimeasurable, nonsingular transformations of X onto X. (Nonsingular means for all AeN, re(A)=0 if and only if m(TA)=m(T-1A)=O.) Let N + denote the positive integers and let N + denote the sets in N with positive measure. If F is a finite set let IF] denote the number of elements in F. A basic property which such a collection 5: may have is the following:
Oxyhemoglobin-induced cytotoxicity and arachidonic acid release in cultured bovine endothelial cells.

An impairment of endothelial function is associated with vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Oxyhemoglobin is considered to be a critical trigger in the pathogenesis of vasospasm. The present studies examined the direct effects of oxyhemoglobin on cultured endothelial cells from bovine carotid artery.Confluent endothelial cells were treated with oxyhemoglobin, and the following were studied: 1) cell morphology, 2) cell density, and 3) the release of radiolabel from [3H]arachidonic acid-treated cells.Endothelial cells exposed to oxyhemoglobin exhibited detachment vacuoles, and cell density was significantly decreased in time- and dose-dependent manners. Superoxide dismutase, a free radical scavenger, provided partial protection against the cytotoxic effects of oxyhemoglobin. The release of radiolabel from [3H]arachidonic acid-treated cells was increased by oxyhemoglobin in time- and dose-dependent manners. Treatment with an inhibitor of phospholipase A2 or a calcium chelator inhibited the effects of o...
Variability in a Mixed Layer Ocean Model Driven by Stochastic Atmospheric Forcing

Abstract A stochastic model of atmospheric surface conditions, developed from 30 years of data at Ocean Weather Station P in the northeast Pacific, is used to drive a mixed layer model of the upper mean. The spectral characteristics of anomalies in the four atmospheric variables: air and dewpoint temperature, wind speed and solar radiation, and many ocean features, including the seasonal cycle are reasonably well reproduced in a 500-year model simulation. However, the ocean model slightly underestimates the range of the mean and standard deviation of both temperature and mixed layer depth over the course of the year. The spectrum of the monthly SST anomalies from the model simulation are in close agreement with observations, especially when atmospheric forcing associated with El Nino is included. The spectral characteristics of the midlatitude SST anomalies is consistent with stochastic climate theory proposed by Frankignoul and Hasselmann (1977) for periods up to ∼6 months. Lead/lag correlations and comp...
Genotoxicity of lead in newborn rat keratinocytes exposed in vitro

AbstractCells became resistant to 6-thioguanine (6-TG) when primary monolayer cultures of keratinocytes derived from the skin of newborn rats were exposed to lead acetate (Pb2+). The response was measured autoradiographically by the incorporation of [3H]thymidine (TdR) in the presence of 6-TG. In normal cells, 6-TG is converted to a nucleotide by hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT). The nucleotide inhibits the replication of DNA and, thereby, prevents mitosis. Resistance to 6-TG can occur in cells in which HPRT activity is absent as a result of mutation or is otherwise inhibited. A dose of 10−-6 M 6-TG was used to select resistant cells 3 days after their exposure to Pb2. At this concentration of the antimetabolite, cells in control cultures (i.e., not exposed to Pb2+) dso incorporated [3H]TdR. The number of labeled cells in one-tenth of then “growing area” of each culture was counted and expressed as the number of labeled cells in 100 microscopic fields. The ratio, T/C, between the number of l...
MORPHINE, VALIUM, AND PAVULON REQUIREMENT VERSUS AGE IN ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATED CHILDREN

Endotracheally intubated (El) patients usually require some combination of sedative (morphine = M, Valium = V) and paralyzing (Pavulon = P) medications to minimize anxiety, discomfort, and the risks of self-extubation, tracheal injury, and pulmonary barotrauma. We reviewed a database of all admissions to a Pediatric ICU to find patients who were EI for >=7 full days (excluding days of intubation and extubation). We excluded cases where MVP administration would be influenced by neurological (encephalopathy, seizures, muscle weakness, mental retardation), cardiovascular (shock), or painful diagnoses (malignancy, trauma, burns, surgical incisions). Thirty-one cases were selected, and the daily sum of MVP dosages was calculated for each case for each of the 7 study days. This was valid since the starting dose (0.1 mg/kg) and interval (q2h PRN) were the same for each drug. We sought to confirm our clinical impression that the patients aged 6m-2y required more MVP than younger or older patients by using the Mann-Whitney U-test for non-parametric comparisons. Thus, it appears that because of either behavioral or pharmacologic idiosyncrasy, patients aged 6m-2y often require double the dosage of MVP usual for younger or older patients.
Effects of envisioning future activities on self-efficacy judgments and motivation: An availability heuristic interpretation.

This study examines the effects of envisioning factors that can either facilitate or hinder performance on an upcoming activity. Prior to engaging in a cognitive task, subjects focused on factors that could enhance or impair their performance. They then indicated their perceived self-efficacy on the activity and performed the task. Dwelling on factors that could impair performance diminished judgments of self-efficacy. Group differences in subsequent task persistence paralleled the differences in self-efficacy judgments. Regression analyses provided evidence that judgments of self-efficacy mediated the behavioral effects. Subjects displayed nearly identical levels of performance motivation whether or not they recorded self-efficacy judgments. The results are interpreted in terms of the availability heuristic. Self-efficacy judgments generally may reflect a small set of highly available personal and situational factors; focusing on particular aspects of an activity heightens the availability of these features, biasing efficacy judgments, which, in turn, regulate subsequent behavior.
SURFACTANT IN FETAL LAMB TRACHEAL FLUID.

Studies on fetal lamb tracheal fluid have demonstrated the presence of surfactant, the substance which lines the internal surface of the lungs and helps to stabilize the air spaces. These observations are further evidence indicating that this fetal tracheal fluid has its origin in the fetal lung.
Gastric "pseudolymphoma" with restricted light chain expression in a patient with obscure gastrointestinal blood loss.

We present a case report of a gastric “pseudolymphoma” (GL) that exhibits restricted light chain expression and, therefore, illustrates the dilemma encountered when histologically benign lesions have phenotypic abnormalities suggesting malignancy. For many years this lesion has been considered usually benign; however, recent reports such as this one demonstrate immunologic signs of monoclonality in an otherwise histologically benign lesion. This finding challenges our assumptions as to the nature of this lesion and our definition of cancer. The lesion also displays “Castleman-like” features (angiofollicular hyperplasia) as well as “common inflammatory” germinal centers. In addition we briefly review the literature.
Programmable Synchronization Unit

A Programmable Synchronization Unit (PSU, 135-726) has been designed as an element of the new timing system for the Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) project to provide synchronization signals needed for various apparatus in the SLC Damping Ring, or anywhere it is necessary to monitor longer than the fiducial period (?2.8 ?s). A 119 MHz pulse train derived from the 476 MHz main drive line and superimposed with 360 Hz fiducial signal is the frequency source. Following a programmable delay D of up to 4.4 ?s, the PSU can deliver N pulses of width W (in increments of 8.4 ns) with a pulse period of P (in increments of 58.8 ns, the damping ring half period). The device may be programmed at any time during the interfiducial period.
Temperature errors in a dragmagnet eddy-current disk type of tachometer indicator

An analysis has been made of the factors producing temperature error in a dragmagnet eddy-current disk type of tachometer indicator. A new design for tachometer compensation is described and test results are presented.
Direct torsional actuation of microcantilevers using magnetic excitation

Torsional mode dynamic force microscopy can be used for a wide range of studies including mapping lateral contact stiffness, torsional frequency or amplitude modulation imaging, and dynamic friction measurements of various materials. Piezo-actuation of the cantilever is commonly used, but it introduces spurious resonances, limiting the frequency range that can be sampled, and rendering the technique particularly difficult to apply in liquid medium where the cantilever oscillations are significantly damped. Here, we demonstrate a method that enables direct torsional actuation of cantilevers with high uniformity over wide frequency ranges by attaching a micrometer-scale magnetic bead on the back side of the cantilever. We show that when beads are magnetized along the width of the cantilever, efficient torsional actuation of the cantilevers can be achieved using a magnetic field produced from a solenoid placed underneath the sample. We demonstrate the capability of this technique by imaging atomic steps on graphite surfaces in tapping mode near the first torsional resonance of the cantilever in dodecane. The technique is also applied to map the variations in the lateral contact stiffness on the surface of graphite and polydiacetylene monolayers.
Exchanges: physical, economic, but also institutional

Industrial ecology has devoted almost exclusive attention to the flows that connect industrial processes. Though understandable given its metaphorical roots in natural ecosystems, it has neglected the exchanges that necessarily accompany the flows found in human-designed systems. After reviewing the seminal literature of institutional theory for a better understanding of exchanges, several current examples involving industrial flows are used to illustrate the relevance of exchange to the enactment of systems in line with the norms of industrial ecology.
SU-E-T-167: Evaluation of Mobius Dose Calculation Engine Using Out of the Box Preconfigured Beam Data

Purpose: Determine the dose calculation accuracy of a preconfigured Mobius server for use in secondary checks of a treatment planning system. Methods: 10 plans were created for irradiation on two of the IROC (formerly RPC) accreditation phantoms: 4 for the head and neck phantom and 6 for the lung phantom. The plans each were created using one of four different photon energies (6FFF, 10 FFF, 6X, and 15X) and were varied in treatment type including VMAT, step and shoot IMRT, dynamic MLC IMRT (DMLC), and conformal RT (CRT). The TLDs in the phantoms were contoured, and each plan was sent for calculation to Mobius software (Mobius Medical Systems, Houston, TX) with a default configuration. Each plan was then irradiated on the planned phantom 3 times to create an average reading across 56 TLDs. These readings were then compared against the corresponding Mobius calculation at each TLD location. Results: The mean difference (MD) normalized to the plan prescription dose between each TLD and Mobius calculation for all measurements was 0.5 ± 3.3%, with a maximum difference of 8.4%. The MD was 0.6 ± 3.8%, − 2.0 ± 1.9%, 1.7 ± 3.7%, and 1.9 ± 1.2% across the 6FFF, 10FFF, 6X and 15X energies respectively. The MD was −1.2 ± 2.3% for lung plans and 1.8 ± 3.5% for head/neck plans. Across treatment types, the MD ranged from − 1.8 ± 1.7% for CRT to 4.3 ± 2.4 % for DMLC. Conclusion: Out of the box and preconfigured, Mobius provides accurate dose calculations with respect to beam energy, treatment type, and treatment site.
Force measurements and flow visualization for a flexible flapping wing mechanism

This paper describes a series of experiments using a flapping wing mechanism. Force measurements were combined with high speed photography for two sets of flexible wings. The aerodynamic forces generated by flexible membrane type wings were measured using a two degree of freedom force balance constructed during the course of these experiments which measured the aerodynamic forces of lift and thrust. Lift and thrust measurements were acquired as the mechanism flapped the flexible wings for multiple cases, and the two most interesting conditions were explored in more detail. These two conditions consisted of a zero velocity free stream condition and a forward flight condition of 5 m/s. For these two conditions, high-speed video of the flapping wing was taken. The images from the video were also correlated with cycle averaged aerodynamic forces produced by the mechanism. Several observations were made regarding the behavior of flexible flapping wings that should aid in the design of future flexible flapping ...
End-of-Life Care for People With Cancer From Ethnic Minority Groups: A Systematic Review

Background:Ethnic/racial minorities encounter disparities in healthcare, which may carry into end-of-life (EOL) care. Advanced cancer, highly prevalent and morbid, presents with worsening symptoms,...
Classroom discourse development for "Flipping classrooms": Theoretical concepts, practices, and joint efforts from engineering students and instructors

This study applies discourse analysis using revised taxonomy to evaluate the effectiveness of the instructional model and assess students' learning gains simultaneously. It examines conditions for the development of classroom discourse that facilitates learning in "flipped classrooms".
Spectroscopic properties and relaxation processes of impurity molecules in solids. I. Rotational spectra

The spectroscopic properties and relaxation processes of impurity diatomic molecules are studied theoretically. In order to treat the eigenvalue problem and the relaxation process consistently, we propose a unified theory based on the adiabatic approximation for the system of a diatomic molecule in monoatomic crystal. The adiabatic approximation is used to separate the total number of degrees of freedom of the system into the intramolecular vibrational, rotational, and lattice vibrational degrees of freedom. In this paper, we shall report the calculation of the rotational level shifts for HCl in rare gas matrices, using the M5 potential proposed by Hutson and Howard. The effect of lattice vibration is appropriately taken into consideration by means of the Green’s function method for point defects developed by Maradudin et al. The agreement between our theory and experimental results is good. It will be shown that the coupling between the molecular rotation and lattice vibration is important, which improve...
Venous air embolism in sitting and supine patients undergoing vestibular schwannoma resection.

OBJECTIVE: This study retrospectively compares the incidence of venous air embolism (VAE) detection and morbidity in the sitting and supine positions. All patients underwent vestibular schwannoma resection via the retrosigmoid approach by a single surgical team. METHODS: A total of 432 consecutive operations were reviewed, 222 of which were performed with the patients in the sitting position and 210 of which were performed with the patients in the supine position. Charts were reviewed for evidence of intraoperative VAE, intraoperative hypotension secondary to VAE, postoperative morbidity related to VAE, and other variables to compare the groups. RESULTS: This study demonstrated a 28% incidence of VAE detection when patients were in the sitting position compared to a 5% incidence of VAE detection when patients were in the supine position (P < 0.0001). Intraoperative hypotension secondary to VAE was noted in 1.8% of the sitting patients and 1.4% of the supine patients (P = 0.72, no significant difference). Postoperative morbidity caused by VAE was noted in one sitting patient (0.5%) (pulmonary edema) and in no supine patients (P = 0.48, no significant difference). Blood loss was slightly greater in the supine group, and operative times were similar in both groups, despite that the average tumor size of patients operated on in the sitting position was 2.8 cm versus 2.2 cm in the supine group (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that although there is a higher incidence of VAE detection in sitting patients, the morbidity is not statistically greater. We conclude that because morbidity from VAE is similar in either position, patient positioning should be based on surgical team preference.
Shifting the Perspective on the Professional Development of Inservice Teachers and Teacher Educators

Abstract This article proposes that professional development models for inservice teachers should shift to a collaborative design that includes partnerships between Schools, Colleges, and Departments of Education and public school personnel. The traditional model of professional development supports theory over practice, decontextualized research over contextualized action research, and the advanced knowledge of teacher educators over school-based, applied knowledge. The theoretical underpinnings of an alternative model of professional development and examples of its application are presented in this article.
VoIP performance on multicore platforms

Media infrastructures, such as high-end media gateways and media servers, are usually designed and implemented as customized platforms. These infrastructures are the key underlying components of the next-generation network (NGN). The customized architectural design of such infrastructures is generally associated with high cost and decreased flexibility for deploying and operating the NGN. As multicore-processor computing-system technology continues to improve, telecommunication infrastructures that make use of commercial multicore information technology (IT) platforms are becoming important topics for research. Although such infrastructures provide flexible and extensible telecommunication operation solutions at potentially low cost, such solutions must address the computation and networking performance challenges that result from commercial IT system architecture and system software. In this paper, we study Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) workloads, which are important for media infrastructures. The VoIP traffic was benchmarked using multiple advanced multicore platforms. We analyzed and evaluated the workload behavior of the VoIP traffic, along with various computation and network-accelerating technology.
Indoor and outdoor concentrations of organic and inorganic molecular markers: Source apportionment of PM2.5 using low-volume samples

Abstract Concentrations of PM2.5, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), 30 organic source markers (13 alkanes, 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ketones, and 3 hopanes) and 19 inorganic source markers are reported from residential indoor, residential outdoor, and ambient microenvironments from a nine home pilot study conducted in Tampa, Florida. Mean daily PM2.5 concentrations were 9.3 μg m−3 for residential indoor, 11.3 μg m−3 for residential outdoor, and 12.7 μg m−3 for ambient microenvironments. The EPA Chemical Mass Balance Model (CMB8.2) was used for source apportionment of PM2.5 residential outdoor samples. Four main sources of PM2.5 were identified: sulfate (55±6%) (average outdoor PM2.5±S.D.), gasoline-powered motor vehicles (32±4%), diesel-powered vehicles (8±2%), and road dust (5±1%).
Structural Analysis of the Extracellular Entrance to the Serotonin Transporter Permeation Pathway

Neurotransmitter transporters are responsible for removal of biogenic amine neurotransmitters after release into the synapse. These transporters are the targets for many clinically relevant drugs, such as antidepressants and psychostimulants. A high resolution crystal structure for the monoamine transporters has yet to be solved. We have developed a homology model for the serotonin transporter (SERT) based on the crystal structure of the leucine transporter (LeuTAa) from Aquifex aeolicus. The objective of the present studies is to identify the structural determinants forming the entrance to the substrate permeation pathway based on predictions from the SERT homology model. Using the substituted cysteine accessibility method, we identified residues predicted to reside at the entrance to the substrate permeation pathway that were reactive with methanethiosulfonate (MTS) reagents. Of these residues, Gln332 in transmembrane helix (TMH) VI was protected against MTS inactivation in the presence of serotonin. Surprisingly, the reactivity of Gln332 to MTS reagents was enhanced in the presence of cocaine. Bifunctional MTS cross-linkers also were used to examine the distances between helices predicted to form the entrance into the substrate and ion permeation pathway. Our studies suggest that substrate and ligand binding may induce conformational shifts in TMH I and/or VI, providing new opportunities to refine existing homology models of SERT and related monoamine transporters.
Crystal Growth of Extended Solids by Nonaqueous Gel Diffusion

The preparation of the extended coordination solid, Zn(HBTC)(NC5H5)2·C2H5OH, from Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) in the presence of pyridine and ethanol yields a microcrystalline material containing no appropriate speciments for single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. However, crystals of up to 0.5 mm in size can be obtained by employing nonaqueous poly(ethylene oxide) gel as a diffusion and reaction medium.
Detection of multiple undocumented change-points using adaptive Lasso

The problem of detecting multiple undocumented change-points in a historical temperature sequence with simple linear trend is formulated by a linear model. We apply adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) to estimate the number and locations of change-points. Model selection criteria are used to choose the Lasso smoothing parameter. As adaptive Lasso may overestimate the number of change-points, we perform post-selection on change-points detected by adaptive Lasso using multivariate t simultaneous confidence intervals. Our method is demonstrated on the annual temperature data (year: 1902–2000) from Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
THE ANNUAL TEMPORAL PATTERN OF HUMAN BIRTHS IN THE USA

Abstract Our previous studies indicated that temperature and photoperiod were not involved as temporal variables in effecting the annual changes in human conceptions in the USA. However, temperature still receives attention in the current literature as the important variable in determining the temporal pattern of conceptions. Therefore, we present here a replication of our previous study, involving two additional 11‐year cycles of birth data in the USA, from the interval 1945 thru 1966. The data are transformed to remove linear trends, to remove over‐all mean differences, and to remove differences in amplitude. The data are then clustered into the regional groups determined by the previous study. The replication was obtained when these groups exhibited similar patterns within a 11‐year period and among 11‐year periods. The data from four 11‐year intervals are presented, representing more than 100 million Caucasian births in the USA from 1945 thru 1988. The subtle changes with time are described, and a com...
Design and characterization of an electronically controlled variable flow rate ejector for fuel cell applications

Abstract A variable flow ejector is presented to address the challenge of providing cost-effective recirculation of hydrogen in fuel cell systems. The ejector uses supersonic flow to provide sufficient pressure rise for the Ballard Mark 9 SSL stack used in the University of Delaware’s fuel cell hybrid buses. Details of geometry optimization via computational fluid dynamic simulation, control system design, electronic control implementation, and mechanical design are discussed. Results from testing in the final application are included, showing the ejector’s excellent performance compared to Ballard’s specifications for recirculation flow rate.
The plasticity of the perceptual process

After only 2 h of tracing star patterns while viewing their progress in a mirror, many subjects demonstrated an automatic and irresistible inversion in handwriting. These findings suggest that the process underlying perceptual organization is extremely plastic and virtually rules out the possibility of demonstrating that such phenomena as size constancy, shape constancy, perceived depth, and so on, are due solely to innate factors.