cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Extraction Parachute Development for the High Speed Container Delivery System

The High Speed Container Delivery System was developed to provide a low altitude and high speed aerial delivery capability. The project was started as a 2011 Joint Capability Technology Demonstration sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense and the United States Transportation Command. The United States Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center was assigned as the technical manager for this three year effort. One of the technical requirements of this project was to design, develop and test an extraction parachute that generated the same force as a 15’ ringslot extraction parachute at 150 knots indicated airspeed, but at 250 knots. This requirement stemmed from the established load limits of the C-130 tow plate. This tow plate was only rated for towing a 15’ ringslot parachute at 150 knots. As such, the high speed extraction parachute had to be designed to not exceed that force at 250 knots. The tow plate on the C-17 was rated for significantly larger forces; however, a single extraction parachute was desired for both aircraft. Initial calculations led to the development of a 100” ringslot parachute. This parachute was towed behind C-17 and C130J aircraft with a load cell in line between the parachute and the tow plate. Since the flow field behind both aircraft was not very well defined at high airspeeds with the ramp open, various extraction line lengths between 60 and 165 feet were tested to determine the optimal distance the extraction parachute should be placed from the aircraft. Test data showed the 100” ringslot parachute produced less force than predicted and a new, 110” ringslot parachute was fabricated. Testing was repeated on this parachute to characterize the performance and ensure the load limit was not exceeded. In total, fifteen tow tests of the 100” parachute were performed on the C-17 and five were performed on the C-130J-30. The extraction line lengths were varied for this portion of testing. Once the parachute was resized, nine tow tests were performed with the 110” extraction parachute on the C-130J-30 with a fixed extraction line length of 120 feet. Additionally, several tow tests with the 15’ ringslot parachute were conducted to validate previous test reports. Finally, live extraction airdrops using the 15’ ringslot were conducted with the load cell installed. This paper will provide the details of the design and test process and an analysis of the data collected during testing to support the decisions made during the project.
Pediatric update #6. False aneurysm arising from a closed femur fracture in a child.

Abstract A 10-year-old boy presented to the emergency room with a closed left femur fracture after being hit by an automobile. Because of diminishing pulses in his extremity, an arteriogram was performed revealing a 2.5 x 2.0 cm pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a young child with this type of injury.
Investigation on the Implementation of New Version GSP in Drug Trading Enterprises in Chongqing

OBJECTIVE:To understand the implementation of new version Good Supply Practice(GSP)in drug trading enterprises,and to provide reference for promoting the implementation of new version GSP. METHODS:By stratified random sampling,the staff of 114 drug wholesalers and 270 retail pharmacies from Chongqing were investigated with the questionnaire in respects of general information of respondents,the progress and difficulties of the implementation of new version GSP,countermeasures,opinions of corporate personnel. RESULTS CONCLUSIONS:85.0% of drug wholesalers and 85.2% of retail pharmacies are at the early stage of new version GSP reconstruction. The difficulties of new version GSP in drug wholesalers focus on 10 aspects,such as whole cold-chain control,storage space,device validation;those of retail pharmacies focus on 6 aspects,such as licensed pharmacist allocation,labor costs. To promote the implementation of new version GSP quickly,on the one hand,the government needs to further adjust and perfect the policy,such as bringing hospitals into GSP,setting storage space according to the size of the enterprise and distribution area,guiding the development of the certification authority and the third party logistics;on the other hand,enterprises itself should also actively seek countermeasures to reduce the risk,such as adjusting the scope of business,transforming the operating mode,merging with other enterprises as a whole or business integration and so on.
Early recognition of intraventricular hemorrhage in the setting of thrombocytosis in the emergency department

Thrombocytosis is frequently encountered as an incidental laboratory finding since isolated thrombocytosis is often asymptomatic. Even though thrombocytosis is benign and self-limiting in most cases, it can at times result in thrombosis or hemorrhage. The most common type of thrombocytosis is reactive (secondary) thrombocytosis and can be due to infections, trauma, surgery, or occult malignancy. Since thrombocytosis is a known risk factor for thrombosis, it is commonly a concern for ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. Much less common are hemorrhagic events associated with thrombocytosis. Studies have shown that when hemorrhage is present in patients with thrombocytosis, it is most often seen in the setting of chronic myelogenous leukemia and essential thrombocythemia. In essential thrombocythemia, the overall risk of bleeding and thrombosis is 0.33% per patient-year and 6.6% per patient-year, respectively. In the general population, the risk of bleeding and thrombosis is 0% and 1.2%, respectively. The present study is a case report of an 83-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with hypertension and headache, who was then found to have significant thrombocytosis (platelets >1,000×10(9)/L) and acute right intraventricular hemorrhage without any signs of neurological deficits, or evidence of vascular malformations or mass. We present this case report for review and discussion of some of the challenges and considerations associated with the management of such patients.
Treatment of the Infant and Child with Coarctation of the Aorta

Specific guidelines for surgical treatment of coarctation of the aorta are presented and the role of hypertension in the malformation is explored.
The Effects of Oil Shocks on Turkish Macroeconomic Aggregates

This paper examines the impacts of oil price shocks on macroeconomic aggregates of Turkey. We find evidence suggesting the influential role of oil price shocks on macroeconomic aggregates. In other words, we find that oil price shocks affect output growth negatively with a delay. However, higher oil prices are associated with higher inflation, and depreciating exchange rate. We also explore the role of asymmetric oil shocks on macroeconomic aggregates and find that both oil price increases and decreases are associated with a delayed lower output growth rate. Furthermore, we find oil price increases affect inflation positively a delay. The appreciation of exchange rate appears with a delay due to oil price decreases. Keywords : Oil Price Shocks, Economic Activity, Turkey JEL Classification : C22, C32, Q43
The Wild Palms

The Wild Palms is generally considered to be as puzzling as it is disturbing. The typical critical reaction when the novel first appeared in 1939 expressed consternation and confusion: not surprisingly, perhaps, many reviewers castigated Faulkner for yoking together two such seemingly disparate narratives; others, although more sympathetic to his resolute experimentalism, remained oblivious to the links between the two sections.1 This misunderstanding of the structure of the book is reflected in its publishing history: the New American Library published the work as two separate novels in 1948; then in 1954 they placed both ‘Wild Palms’ and ‘Old Man’ in one volume but separated the sections into discrete units rather than alternating chapters, attempting perhaps to appeal to bargain-hunters by stating on the paper cover that the contents comprised ‘Two complete novels originally published in one volume, entitled The Wild Palms’. In 1946, The Portable Faulkner contained ‘Old Man’ without ‘Wild Palms’; and in 1950, the Modern Library first published that literary land-mine still available in the Vintage edition: Three Famous Short Novels: Spotted Horses, Old Man, The Bear.
Statin Intolerance in a Patient with Gilberts Syndrome and Hypercholesterolemia

Background: Statin intolerance especially myalgias can be a serious problem. Whilst it is well know that drugs that compete for Cytochrome 450 system can result in myalgias there is sparse data on the role of glucuronidation of statins contributing to statin intolerance We report on a 60 year old male with Hypercholesterolemia (HC) who was referred for management of his HC since he had statin intolerance manifesting as myalgias and was shown to have Gilbert’s Syndrome. Case Report: Investigation of this patient revealed he had Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia with a LDL-cholesterol of 189 mg/dl. He was also diagnosed with Gilbert’s Syndrome since he had elevated unconjugated bilirubin with no evidence of liver disease or hemolysis. The combination of Niacin, Cholestyramine and ezetimibe resulted in a successful decrease in his LDL-cholesterol to 114 mg/dl. Discussion: We believe that his Gilberts Syndrome resulted in an impairment in glucuronidation of statin drugs resulting in an increase in free drug levels and myalgias. We caution that clinicians should consider this possibility when confronted with a patient with both isolated elevations of unconjugated bilirubin and increase LDL-cholesterol levels before commencing statin therapy.
Large $N$ expansion of the sphere free energy

We propose formulas for the $1/N$ correction to the sphere free energy of theories with 4-fermion interactions, which are conformal for $dg2$. We also propose a formula for the scalar $O(N)$ model. Expanding these formulas in small $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ near various integer dimensions, we find a perfect agreement with results obtained using the $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$-expansion technique. In $d=3$, the large $N$ results with the $1/N$ correction included are in good agreement with the Pade resummed $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ expansion.
Differential Expression Profile of the Proteome and Transcriptome in Aggressive and Indolent Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Abstract The course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is variable. In aggressive disease, the CLL cells usually express an unmutated immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable-region gene (IgVH) and the 70-kD zeta-associated protein (ZAP-70), whereas in indolent disease, the CLL cells usually express mutated IgVH but lack expression of ZAP-70. The reasons for the differences in clinical characteristics are unknown. Examination of microarray data has shown that these two subtypes of CLL share a common gene-expression pattern, suggesting that they constitute a single entity. However, the microarray data have also revealed some important differences between the two types of CLL in the expression of a small number of genes. While mRNA expression profiling by microarray is a useful and convenient way for signature gene recognition, systematic proteomic analysis may be more relevant to understanding the pathophysiology of disease. To our knowledge, few studies have performed systematic proteomic profiling on CLL and none have tried to identify proteins that are differentially expressed among patients with differing outcomes. We have applied multidimensional LC-ESI-tandem mass spectrometry to identify proteins that are differentially expressed between aggressive (5 ZAP-70 pos/IgVH unmutated) and indolent (5 ZAP-70 neg/IgVH mutated) purified B cell samples. A total of more than 3,000 proteins were identified in our proteomic analysis. We observed a positive correlation in expression of protein and mRNA of three genes (ZAP-70, gravin, and dystrophin); these genes were consistently associated with disease progression in CLL as reported by microarray analyses. This indicates that the proteomic data is of high quality. We also compared the proteomic and transcriptomic patterns between these two groups. In general, the correlation between mRNA and protein expression was poor. To identify the genes that appear coordinately regulated at the mRNA and protein level, we examined the mRNA expression pattern of about 200 proteins that were differentially expressed in our proteomic data between aggressive and indolent CLL. We found 37 genes were differentially regulated post-transcriptionally, perhaps through the influence of microRNA or protein stability. In addition, we found 117 genes to be differentially expressed in microarray but not proteomic analysis. This result raises the question of how reliable mRNA expression levels reflect the biological activity of protein function. In conclusion, we have identified a number of candidate proteins that are differentially expressed in CLL of distinctive clinical outcomes by comparing high quality proteomic and transcriptomic data. These proteins might serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. We also found genes that might be differentially regulated in CLL post-transcriptionally. Further studies of how these genes are regulated will advance our knowledge of CLL pathogenesis.
Interview Motion Compensated Joint Decoding for Compressively Sampled Multiview Video Streams

In this paper, we design a novel multiview video encoding/decoding architecture for wirelessly multiview video streaming applications, e.g., 360 degrees video, Internet of Things (IoT) multimedia sensing, among others, based on distributed video coding and compressed sensing principles. Specifically, we focus on joint decoding of independently encoded compressively sampled multiview video streams. We first propose a novel side-information (SI) generation method based on a new interview motion compensation algorithm for multiview video joint reconstruction at the decoder end. Then, we propose a technique to fuse the received measurements with resampled measurements from the generated SI to perform the final recovery. Based on the proposed joint reconstruction method, we also derive a blind video quality estimation technique that can be used to adapt online the video encoding rate at the sensors to guarantee desired quality levels in multiview video streaming. Extensive simulation results of real multiview video traces show the effectiveness of the proposed fusion reconstruction method with the assistance of SI generated by an interview motion compensation method. Moreover, they also illustrate that the blind quality estimation algorithm can accurately estimate the reconstruction quality.
The Hadamard determinant inequality — Extensions to operators on a Hilbert space

Abstract A generalization of classical determinant inequalities like Hadamard's inequality and Fischer's inequality is studied. For a version of the inequalities originally proved by Arveson for positive operators in von Neumann algebras with a tracial state, we give a different proof. We also improve and generalize to the setting of finite von Neumann algebras, some ‘Fischer-type’ inequalities by Matic for determinants of perturbed positive-definite matrices. In the process, a conceptual framework is established for viewing these inequalities as manifestations of Jensen's inequality in conjunction with the theory of operator monotone and operator convex functions on [ 0 , ∞ ) . We place emphasis on documenting necessary and sufficient conditions for equality to hold.
Structure-Stability Relationships for Fuel Cell Catalysts

Our control over the catalytic activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) is greater than our present understanding of the factors affecting the stability of catalyst surface atoms. Despite the significant progress in imaging the overall changes at the nanoscale that takes place during advanced degradation test (ADT) protocols, little is known about structure-stability relationships. Nonetheless, recent developments in combining in situ electrochemical methods to inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) allowed identification of element specific dissolution processes. Specifically, the development of a Stationary Probe Rotating Disk Electrode (SPRDE) system provided insights on Pt dissolution and how it is structure sensitive, highly dependent on electrolyte and double layer composition, as well as influenced by the nature of the electrocatalytic reaction. This serves as a baseline to understand the functional links between structure, activity and stability for a variety of Pt-Metal alloys, how their atomic scale morphology controls stability and activity, its implications for nanoparticle systems, and what strategies can be successfully employed to improve both activity and stability of these surfaces.
Patterns of longer-term climate change effects on CO 2 efflux from biocrusted soils differ from those observed in the short term

Abstract. Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are predicted to be sensitive to the increased temperature and altered precipitation associated with climate change. We assessed the effects of these factors on soil carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) balance in biocrusted soils using a sequence of manipulations over a 9-year period. We warmed biocrusted soils by 2 and, later, by 4 ∘ C to better capture updated forecasts of future temperature at a site on the Colorado Plateau, USA. We also watered soils to alter monsoon-season precipitation amount and frequency and had plots that received both warming and altered precipitation treatments. Within treatment plots, we used 20 automated flux chambers to monitor net soil exchange (NSE) of CO2 hourly, first in 2006–2007 and then again in 2013–2014, for a total of 39 months. Net CO2 efflux from biocrusted soils in the warming treatment increased a year after the experiment began (2006–2007). However, after 9 years and even greater warming (4 ∘ C), results were more mixed, with a reversal of the increase in 2013 (i.e., controls showed higher net CO2 efflux than treatment plots) and with similarly high rates in all treatments during 2014, a wet year. Over the longer term, we saw evidence of reduced photosynthetic capacity of the biocrusts in response to both the temperature and altered precipitation treatments. Patterns in biocrusted soil CO2 exchange under experimentally altered climate suggest that (1) warming stimulation of CO2 efflux was diminished later in the experiment, even in the face of greater warming; and (2) treatment effects on CO2 flux patterns were likely driven by changes in biocrust species composition and by changes in root respiration due to vascular plant responses.
Atmospheric concentrations of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) diastereomers in the Great Lakes region.

Abstract The concentrations of α-, β-, and γ-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) diastereomers in atmospheric particle phase samples were determined at four United States Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN) sites located in the North American Great Lakes basin collected between 1 January and 31 December 2014. The concentrations ranged from 0.37 to 8.9 pg/m3, 0.12–4.0 pg/m3, and 0.26–22 pg/m3 for α-, β-, and γ-HBCDD, respectively among the four sampling sites. The median ΣHBCDD concentrations for the four sites were 2.0 pg/m3, 2.1 pg/m3, 1.7 pg/m3 and 5.2 pg/m3 for Chicago, Cleveland, Sturgeon Point and Sleeping Bear Dunes, respectively. Higher levels of ∑HBCDD were observed at the remote site of Sleeping Bear Dunes with comparable levels at the remaining three sites. α-HBCDD and γ-HBCDD were the dominant isomers with an average contribution of about 40% and 50% to ΣHBCDD concentrations, respectively. These HBCDD concentrations were compared with the levels of other brominated flame retardants measured in these samples, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 2,3,4,5-tetrabromoethylhexyl benzoate (EHTBB), bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEHTBP), and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE). ∑HBCDD concentrations were significantly lower than or indistinguishable from those of PBDEs, EHTBB, BEHTBP, and DBDPE at all sites except Sleeping Bear Dunes. No significant correlations were found between ΣHBCDD and ΣPBDE, EHTBB, BEHTBP, and DBDPE concentrations, suggesting a different source of HBCDD contamination. This is the first study reporting concentrations of HBCDD isomers in the Great Lakes ambient air, and our results indicate that HBCDD is ubiquitous in the Great Lakes basin, including at remote sites.
Additive manufacturing of metals as seen from within: in situ optical probes for defect mapping (Conference Presentation)

Irregularities in process conditions during powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) can lead to localized defects and poor part quality. At the same time, because PBF-AM is a layer-by-layer process, material properties such as defect concentration can be characterized in situ, thus providing an opportunity to ‘qualify as you build.’ Here we review methods based on high speed, multi-wavelength optical measurements of melt pool evolution, material ejection and layer-to-layer height variation during PBF processing, and compare the results to ex situ x-ray tomographic measurements. We also discuss the complex mechanisms related to the interaction between the melt pool, laser beam, and powder bed which ultimately drive defect formation. Along with providing process monitoring data to facilitate part certification, data provided by in situ optical diagnostics can help validate process models. The practical implementation of these high speed diagnostics into commercial platforms is also discussed. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
Peer Influence of Online Comments in Newspapers: Applying Social Norms and the Social Identification Model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE)

This research aimed to understand social influence of comments by answering the following questions: How do online comments impact subsequent readers’ attitudes and perceptions related to the subje...
A Perspective on Weather Modification: Planned and Inadvertent

Weather modification has traditionally had two components: planned, referring to cloud seeding to increase rain or snow, decrease hail, reduce the destructiveness of hurricanes or dissipate fog, and inadvertent referring to the impact of large urban cities on the local weather (winds, precipitation, lightning, and aerosol concentrations). This chapter briefly examines 60 years of weather modification practices, research, results, and lessons that may be relevant to decisions regarding climate modification. For climate, one must consider whether issues related to scientific credibility, technological and logistical limitations, proof of concept requirements, effects of unexpected consequences, and funding cycles can be sufficiently resolved to provide both beneficial and verifiable results.
Morbidity associated with abdominal myomectomy.

Objective To review the recent experience at Yale-New Haven Hospital with abdominal myomectomy and to assess morbidity associated with the procedure. Methods The hospital records of 128 women who underwent abdominal myomectomies during a 39-month period were reviewed retrospectively. Particular attention was given to blood transfusion requirement and the febrile morbidity rate. Results The average (+/- standard error of the mean) intraoperative estimated blood loss was 342 +/- 37 mL. Five cases (4%) had an estimated blood loss greater than 1000 mL. Intraoperative or postoperative transfusion occurred in 26 cases (20%); 70% of the transfused patients received autologous blood only. The operation was converted intraoperatively to a hysterectomy in one case. There were no other intraoperative complications. Febrile morbidity occurred in 15 patients (12%). Three women (2%) experienced postoperative complications including paralytic ileus, wound infection, and deep venous thrombosis. Conclusion Febrile morbidity and blood transfusions associated with abdominal myomectomy appear to occur at an acceptably low rate, especially when unnecessary blood transfusions are excluded. These findings should modify the way patients are counseled before abdominal myomectomy.
Toward a Bayesian Approach for Self-Tracking Personal Pollution Exposures

Pollution exposure assessment at the population level is an established enterprise for environmental scientists and public health officials---but efforts to help individuals monitor and track their personal pollution exposures have just begun to garner research interest. Self-tracking pollution exposure is challenging for several reasons, including current limitations in sensor size, accuracy, and cost, frequent calibration requirements, and that people's daily activities often interfere with data quality in wearable sensing. The goal of this research is to develop a human-centered computing framework for the emerging field of personal pollution exposure assessment. To that aim, in this position paper, we propose a Bayesian approach to combine environmental sensing data from different spatiotemporal resolutions, such as from citywide national monitoring stations, neighborhood-wide lightweight sensing nodes, and personal wearables.
BIOMARKERS OF LEAKY GUT ARE RELATED TO INFLAMMATION AND REDUCED PHYSICAL FUNCTION IN UNHEALTHY OLDER ADULTS

Age-related leaky gut is hypothesized to be causative for the inflammatory burden of older adults. A relationship between the leaky gut biomarkers and physical function has been observed in healthy older adults, however it is not known whether co-morbid conditions alters this connection. Therefore, we measured biomarkers of inflammation and leaky gut within a cohort of older patients (60–79 years of age; n=288) enrolled into a weight loss and lifestyle intervention study (CLIP-1). Circulatory lipopolysaccharide binding protein 1 (LBP-1), soluble cluster of differentiation (sCD)14, pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured along with a panel of physical function measures. LBP-1 was strongly associated with increases in inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-6 soluble receptor, and IL-8 levels in the unadjusted correlation analysis. sCD14 associations were not as strong thus we chose LBP-1 in regression analyses. LBP-1 and inflammatory outcomes remained significantly associated even after adjustment for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). LBP-1 was also significantly related to physical functional measures after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. Log transformed 400m walk time (p=0.003) and log transformed IL-8 levels (p<0.001) were positively associated with LBP-1 even when adjusted for baseline IL-6 levels. The lifestyle interventions resulted in improved BMI and some physical function measures, however biomarkers of leaky gut and inflammation did not change. Leaky gut remains an important factor in inflammatory burdens and physical function in older adults with comorbid conditions. Strategies other than weight loss and exercise are needed to improve gut barrier function and limit inflammation in older persons.
The MANAGE Drain Concentration database: A new tool compiling North American drainage nutrient concentrations

Abstract Artificially drained agricultural systems can be a primary contributor of non-point source nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pollution to ground and surface waters; therefore, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms responsible for nutrient transport from this land use. Here, 79 drainage nutrient-related studies were used to compile 1564 site-years of agricultural drainage N and P concentrations (annual mean flow-weighted and annual arithmetic average) into a major database to aid in assessment of factors leading to nutrient loss through drainage systems. This new Drain Concentration table in the MANAGE (Measured Annual loads from AGricultural Environments) database is a publicly available resource ( https://www.ars.usda.gov/plains-area/temple-tx/grassland-soil-and-water-research-laboratory/docs/manage-nutrient-loss-database ). Probability of exceedance values were calculated using a Weibull distribution, and across the database, there was a 69% probability a drainage site-year would exceed an annual nitrate-N (NO3-N) concentration of 10 mg/L, the US Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level for drinking water, but only a 27% probability a reported site-year would exceed 0.0375 mg/L dissolved reactive phosphorus, which is a critical total P concentration to avoid freshwater eutrophication. While a surprising number of reported annual means were arithmetic averages rather than flow-weighted averages (27 vs. 71%), reporting of arithmetic means in peer-reviewed literature has decreased over time. We encourage further contributions to and analysis with the MANAGE database, so it can remain a resource for new efforts to better understand and mitigate nutrient losses from agricultural systems.
A Comparison of Immediate and Post-Session Feedback with Behavioral Skills Training to Improve Interview Skills in College Students

Successful interviewing skills help maximize the probability that a job candidate will make a positive impression upon a prospective employer. Previous research described a method to increase appro...
No stone unturned: Nodule Net, an intervention to reduce loss to follow-up of lung nodules.

Abstract Objective Inadequate lung nodule surveillance leads to diagnostic delays. We implemented a retrospective intervention program, Nodule Net, to improve surveillance in our hospital. Methods 9,224 Chest computed tomography (CT) scans between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016 were manually reviewed for lung nodules. For patients without follow-up, charts were reviewed to assess follow-up. If follow-up appeared indicated, the clinician or patient was contacted, and follow-up was tracked. Results Lung nodules were identified on 5,101 (55%) of 9,224 scans. Follow-up was potentially indicated and not completed in 1,385 (27%). 183 (13%) were excluded after imaging review. 1,202 received outreach. Of the 801 (66%) with a provider in our system, 225 (27%) returned for follow-up. Nodules were stable in 199 (88%), new or growing in 23 (11%), resolved in 3 (1%), and stage 1 lung cancer in 2 (1%). 90 (11%) had follow-up outside our system and 431 (51%) had no follow-up due to a clinical contraindication. 55 (7%) have imaging pending and 14 (2%) are awaiting pulmonary evaluation. Of the 302 (25%) patients with providers outside our system, 121 (40%) had followed-up elsewhere. 146 (48%) had no follow-up due to a clinical reason. 35 (12%) providers did not respond to outreach. Conclusions We identified 1,202 patients with lung nodules who needed follow-up over a two-year period. Compliance was more successful with providers within our hospital system. We recommend robust surveillance for patients to ensure follow-up is completed and clinical contraindications are well documented.
Outcomes of Emergency Room Closed Reduction vs in Situ Splinting in the Treatment of Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures

Purpose: Supracondylar humerus fractures are among the most common surgically treated pediatric fractures. Displaced supracondylar fractures are generally treated with open or closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. Multiple attempts at reduction may increase the risk of neuropraxia, elbow stiffness, myositis ossificans, and anesthetic complication. Previously, patients presenting to our institution with a displaced fracture underwent a closed reduction in the emergency department (ED) prior to repeat closed reduction and pinning in the operating room (OR). Currently, patients …
Changes in DSM criteria following a culturally-adapted computerized CBT for Spanish-speaking individuals with substance use disorders.

Abstract This study sought to replicate and extend findings regarding change in the number of endorsed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) criteria for substance use disorders as a meaningful outcome for clinical trials with Spanish-speakers. A secondary analysis was conducted of data from 83 treatment-seeking individuals with current DSM-IV substance dependence participating in a randomized controlled trial evaluating a culturally-adapted version of a computer-based cognitive behavioral therapy program (CBT4CBT) for Spanish-speakers. Participants were randomized to either weekly standard outpatient counseling (treatment as usual – TAU), or TAU plus access to CBT4CBT (TAU+CBT4CBT). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-IV) was administered at baseline and at the end of the 8-week treatment period to measure change in diagnostic status and total criteria count. Frequency of substance use during treatment and throughout a 6-month follow-up period was measured by self-report using a calendar-based Timeline FollowBack method, with abstinence verified through instant urine toxicology, and problem severity was measured with the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Results of a generalized linear model with Poisson's distribution indicated significant reduction in the total count of DSM-IV dependence criteria during treatment (Wald X2 = 136.20; p
Developing a Measure of Blind Patients’ Interactions with their Healthcare Providers

Abstract Background People who are blind (PWB) are often perceived as being incompetent with common tasks and functions. When patients detect that their healthcare providers (HCPs) have negative perceptions of them, they often report less satisfaction with their healthcare and disengage in their own healthcare. Objective A scale assessing the experiences of PWB interacting with HCPs was developed and validated across two studies. Methods In Study 1, 144 participants completed the scale and provided feedback. In Study 2, 214 participants completed the scale and 4 additional scales to assess construct validity. Results An exploratory factor analysis in Study 1 revealed a two-factor model consisting of General Quality of Health Care (30.5% variance explained) and Stereotype Content-related items (9.4% variance explained). Study 2 confirmed and validated this two-factor structure (RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.068 (0.057, 0.079), CFI = 0.898, SRMR = 0.066, AIC = 14568.902). Conclusions This scale is one of the first tools developed from the perspectives of PWB. Results from these studies highlight and elaborate on how PWB perceive that they are viewed by their HCPs in terms of competence and how they perceive to be treated by these HCPs. This scale can be used in training HCPs to better serve their patients with disabilities.
Cicinnus chambersi: a new species of sack-bearer moth (Lepidoptera, Mimallonidae, Cicinninae) from southeastern Arizona, USA.

A new species of cicinnine Mimallonidae, Cicinnus chambersisp. nov., is described from the Sky Islands Region of southern Arizona, USA. The new species is closely related to C. mexicana (Druce), type locality Veracruz, Mexico, based on morphology and genetics. The other Cicinnus species known from the United States, the common C. melsheimeri (type locality Pennsylvania, USA) is morphologically and genetically distinct from both C. chambersi and C. mexicana. The new species is compared to C. mexicana and C. melsheimeri, as well as other Mexican Cicinnus. The life history of C. chambersi is unknown, but its description should facilitate future studies on this rarely reported North American mimallonid, a species which may have only recently become established in the United States. Cicinnus chambersi is the fifth known Mimallonidae species from the United States, and the first described from the country in nearly half a century.
Search for the A/sub 1/ in tau. -->. nu. /sub tau/rho. pi

Within the context of current algebra, we analyze the possibility of observing the elusive A/sub 1/ meson (J/sup P/C = 1/sup + +/) in the heavy-lepton decay tau/sup + -/ ..-->.. ..nu../sub tau/rho/sup 0/..pi../sup + -/. In our model the form factors for the decay amplitude are then completely determined in terms of the A/sub 1/ mass and width so that we are able to predict both the branching ratio and rho..pi.. mass spectrum for this decay. We find that the data are compatible with a wide range of A/sub 1/ parameters including the possibility that there is no A/sub 1/ contribution at all to this decay mode. Only a modest increase in experimental precision, however, would provide a stringent test of the current-algebra model and, if successful, yield an accurate determination of the parameters of the A/sub 1/.
Gradient preserved method for solving heat conduction equation with variable coefficients in double layers

Abstract Recently, we have developed an accurate compact finite difference scheme called the Gradient Preserved Method (GPM) for solving heat conduction equation with constant coefficients in double layers. Since functionally graded materials are becoming paramount than materials having uniform structures with the development of new materials, this article extends the GPM to the case where coefficients are variable (and even temperature-dependent). The higher-order compact finite scheme is obtained based on three grid points and is proved to be unconditionally stable and convergent with O( τ 2 + h 4 ), where τ and h are the time step and grid size, respectively. Numerical errors and convergence orders are tested in an example. Finally, we apply the scheme for predicting electron and lattice temperatures of a gold thin film padding on a chromium film exposed to the ultrashort-pulsed laser.
Extremely-Low Threshold Voltage FinFET for 5G mmWave Applications

An optimized doping process is used to achieve extremely-low threshold voltage (ELVT) FinFETs for low-power mmWave applications based on 12nm node technology platform. With the $V_{TH}\approx 100$ mV ELVT FinFET shows 15% $I_{EFF}$ improvement at the same $V_{DD}$ compared to its super-low threshold voltage (SLVT) counterpart, while mismatch and reliability performances are comparable. $F_{T}/F_{MAX}$ of ~305GHz/~315GHz and comparable Maximum Stable Gain ( MSG ) to SLVT FinFET gives ELVT FinFET an advantage for mmWave 5G low-power applications. Local oscillator (LO) chain blocks are investigated as a circuit level example to confirm the benefits of ELVT FinFET. An optimized LO transmission Line (TL) driver using ELVT FinFETs results in ~9% and ~8% reduction in $V_{DD}$ and power consumption respectively at the same phase-noise (PN) level as the SLVT based design. If operated at the same $V_{DD}$ of 0.525V ELVT FinFET can improve the VCO Figure of Merit ( $FOM_{VCO}$ ) by ~2.8dB.
Generalizable prediction of stimulus-independent, task-unrelated thought from functional brain networks

Neural substrates of "mind wandering" have been widely reported, yet experiments have varied in their contexts and their definitions of this psychological phenomenon, limiting generalizability. We aimed to develop and test the generalizability, specificity, and clinical relevance of a functional brain network-based marker for a well-defined feature of mind wandering--stimulus-independent, task-unrelated thought (SITUT). Combining functional MRI (fMRI) with online experience sampling in healthy adults, we defined a connectome-wide model of inter-regional coupling--dominated by default-frontoparietal control subnetwork interactions--that predicted trial-by-trial SITUT fluctuations within novel individuals. Model predictions generalized in an independent sample of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) adults. In three additional resting-state fMRI studies (total n=1,115), including healthy and ADHD populations, we demonstrated further prediction of SITUT (at modest effect sizes) defined using multiple trait-level and in-scanner measures. Our findings suggest that SITUT is represented within a common pattern of brain network interactions across time scales, populations, and contexts.
Saliva characterization of eosinophilic esophagitis via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Current diagnosis of pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis relies heavily on anesthesia and random biopsies during initial diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Investigation of patient’s saliva biochemical and biomolecular composition, and the potential biomarkers within, via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy can provide key markers for distinguishing the EoE disease from non-EoE, including acid reflux disease. This optical modality coupled with paper-fluidic platform has the potential to provide a rapid diagnostic tool for non-invasive detection of EoE.
What is Team-Based Learning?

Team-based Learning is an active small group based instructional strategy that emphasizes application of knowledge. Positive outcomes of TBL include enhanced knowledge acquisition, increased learner engagement, and appreciation for the value of teams. This chapter introduces the essential components of TBL including pre-class preparation, readiness assurance, and application of course concepts. The readiness assurance process is outlined, including the best way to assess understanding and prepare learners for higher order work through individual and team readiness assurance tests, appeals, and facilitator clarification. The application activity, considered the most important component of TBL, is also described in detail. The “4S’s”-significant problem, same problem, significant choice, and simultaneous report- are outlined and explained.
Control of zygotic genome activation in Xenopus.

Abstract The fertilized frog egg contains all the materials needed to initiate development of a new organism, including stored RNAs and proteins deposited during oogenesis, thus the earliest stages of development do not require transcription. The onset of transcription from the zygotic genome marks the first genetic switch activating the gene regulatory network that programs embryonic development. Zygotic genome activation occurs after an initial phase of transcriptional quiescence that continues until the midblastula stage, a period called the midblastula transition, which was first identified in Xenopus. Activation of transcription is programmed by maternally supplied factors and is regulated at multiple levels. A similar switch exists in most animals and is of great interest both to developmental biologists and to those interested in understanding nuclear reprogramming. Here we review in detail our knowledge on this major switch in transcription in Xenopus and place recent discoveries in the context of a decades old problem.
Telling Creative Stories Using Generative Visual Aids

Can visual artworks created using generative visual algorithms inspire human creativity in storytelling? We asked writers to write creative stories from a starting prompt, and provided them with visuals created by generative AI models from the same prompt. Compared to a control group, writers who used the visuals as story writing aid wrote significantly more creative, original, complete and visualizable stories, and found the task more fun. Of the generative algorithms used (BigGAN, VQGAN, DALL-E, CLIPDraw), VQGAN was the most preferred. The control group that did not view the visuals did significantly better in integrating the starting prompts. Findings indicate that cross modality inputs by AI can benefit divergent aspects of creativity in human-AI co-creation, but hinders convergent thinking.
A Virulent Babesia bovis Strain Failed to Infect White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus).

Wildlife are an important component in the vector-host-pathogen triangle of livestock diseases, as they maintain biological vectors that transmit pathogens and can serve as reservoirs for such infectious pathogens. Babesia bovis is a tick-borne pathogen, vectored by cattle fever ticks, Rhipicephalus spp., that can cause up to 90% mortality in naive adult cattle. While cattle are the primary host for cattle fever ticks, wild and exotic ungulates, including white-tailed deer (WTD), are known to be viable alternative hosts. The presence of cattle fever tick populations resistant to acaricides raises concerns regarding the possibility of these alternative hosts introducing tick-borne babesial parasites into areas free of infection. Understanding the B. bovis reservoir competence of these alternative hosts is critical to mitigating the risk of introduction. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that WTD are susceptible to infection with a B. bovis strain lethal to cattle. Two groups of deer were inoculated intravenously with either B. bovis blood stabilate or a larval extract supernatant containing sporozoites from infected R. microplus larvae. The collective data demonstrated that WTD are neither a transient host nor reservoir of B. bovis. This conclusion is supported by the failure of B. bovis to establish an infection in deer regardless of inoculum. Although specific antibody was detected for a short period in the WTD, the PCR results were consistently negative at multiple time points throughout the experiment and blood from WTD that had been exposed to parasite, transferred into naive recipient susceptible calves, failed to establish infection. In contrast, naive steers inoculated intravenously with either B. bovis blood stabilate or the larval extract supernatant containing sporozoites rapidly succumbed to disease. These findings provide evidence that WTD are not an epidemiological component in the maintenance of B. bovis infectivity to livestock.
Chapter 19 Polynomial-time computability in analysis

Publisher Summary The chapter discusses the analysis of Polynomial-Time Computability. Polynomial-time complexity theory identifies the intuitive notion of feasible computability with the formal notion of polynomial-time computability, and allows studying the problems that are feasible and those that are infeasible. This theory closely ties the tools in abstract mathematics with practical computational problems. It has made strong impact on almost every area of discrete computation, including graph theory, combinatorial optimization, computational geometry, computational number theory, and modern cryptography. This chapter presents a survey on one of the polynomial-time complexity theories of numerical computation based on the model of recursive analysis. The advantage of using this model of computation is that it is compatible with the model of discrete complexity theory, and so the complexity of numerical problems may be studied and compared with discrete problems. A hierarchical classification of the computational complexity of numerical problems is presented in terms of the relations among discrete complexity classes. The chapter discusses different approaches to the polynomial-time complexity theory of real functions, including the works of Blum et al.
Squalene-2,3-Oxide, an Intermediate in the Enzymatic Conversion of Squalene to Lanosterol and Cholesterol

Abstract The conversion of squalene to lanosterol by rat liver preparations in vitro has been re-examined. It has been shown that this transformation, hitherto considered to take place through the agency of one enzyme ("squalene oxidocyclase-1"), actually involves the formation of squalene-2,3-oxide as an intermediate. The oxide is cyclized to lanosterol by a cyclizing system which acts independently of the oxidative step and requires neither oxygen nor NADPH. The cyclase is shown to exist in highest concentration in the microsomal fraction, although an over-all greater quantity of the enzyme remains in the supernatant after centrifugation for 1 hour at 100,000 x g.