cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Private-Pay Demand for Nursing Facilities in a Market with Excess Capacity

Several researchers have modeled the demand for nursing-home care by private-pay patients in markets with excess demand. This paper examines private-pay demand using 2002 data from Texas, a large market where most nursing facilities are underutilized. The demand for private nursing-home care increases with facility size, per-capita income, and the percent of population at least 65 years old. On the other hand, private-care demand decreases in nursing homes operated for profit and in facilities facing greater competition. The price elasticity of demand for private care is estimated to be −0.69. These results are statistically significant at the 10 percent level or better in regressions estimated by instrumental variables using the full sample as well as a sample from which probable outliers have been removed. However, the relationship of demand to the nursing home's case mix is statistically imprecise, and our measure of nursing staff per bed seems to be affected by outlying observations. The findings tend to support previous research showing that private-pay demand reflects economically rational decisions made by nursing-home residents and their representatives.
Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: a potential precursor lesion of prostatic adenocarcinoma

The necessity of early detection of prostate cancer renewed interest regarding putative premalignant lesions in the tumorigenesis of the prostate. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is one potential precursor for prostatic adenocarcinoma. The term PIN has been adopted to replace a wide range of synonyms in the literature that describe potential precursors. PIN is an intraluminal proliferation of the secretory cells lining architecturally benign prostatic ducts and acini that exhibit cytologic atypia. In this review, we discuss the histologic features, the differential diagnosis, the evidence that PIN is a precursor of prostatic carcinoma, and the clinical significance of PIN.
Heterogeneity of Major Proteins in Lyme Disease Borreliae: A Molecular Analysis of North American and European Isolates

We examined 46 isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease and related disorders, with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and monoclonal antibodies. Our attention was on the OspA proteins, which are major proteins of the spirochete. There were at least four discernible phenotypes of the OspA protein. While 25 North American isolates were, with one exception, homogeneous in the type of OspA protein that they produced, 21 European isolates were heterogeneous in the types of OspA proteins represented. Only three European strains resembled North American strains in their OspA phenotype. Application of a deoxyribonucleic acid probe for an ospA gene demonstrated that the arrangement of ospA-associated sequences in the DNA differed between isolates.
A multivariate goodness-of-fit test for stochastically ordered distributions

There are a number of nonparametric procedures known for testing goodness-of-fit in the univariate case. Similar procedures can be derived for testing goodness-of-fit in the multivariate case through an application of the theory of statistically equivalent blocks (SEB). The SEB transforms the data into coverages which are distributed as spacings from a uniform distribution on [0,1], under the null hypothesis. In this paper, we present a multivariate nonparametric test of goodness-of-fit based on the SEB when the multivariate distributions under the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are “weakly” ordered. Empirical results are given on the performance of the proposed test in an application to the problem of assessing the reliability of a p-component system.
The effect of hydroxyapatite crystallinity on hemolysis.

Crystalline hydroxyapatite is a component of bone, teeth, and numerous pathological calcifications. The apatite crystal structure can accommodate a wide variety of atomic substitutions which gives apatite crystals an unusually high degree of variability in biochemical and physical properties. Apatite crystallites interact with numerous cellular systemsin vivo, and some of these interactions may lead to altered cellular function. One measure of crystal-membrane interactions is crystal-induced membranolysis of human red blood cells. Hemolytic potentials at constant crystal surface areas were measured at 1, 2, and 4 hours for 29 different preparations of apatite. Each apatite sample was characterized by its morphology, particle size, % CO3, zeta potential, and broadening of the (211), (112), (300), (202), and (002) diffraction maxima. Only the surface area/g and the X-ray powder diffraction line broadening showed a significant inverse correlation with hemolytic potential. These parameters were related to each other, and are indications of the degree of crystallinity.
Identification of two distinct regulatory regions adjacent to the human β-interferon gene

To study the regulation of the human β-interferon (β-IFN) gene by poly(I)-poly(C), we analyzed the expression of deletion mutants of the cloned gene introduced into mouse cells on a new bovine papilloma virus (BPV) vector. In stable cell lines transformed by a BPV-IFN plasmid containing the β-IFN structural gene with 210 bp of DNA to the 5′ side of its mRNA cap site (denoted −210), human β-IFN mRNA is induced ∼400-fold by poly(I)-poly(C), and reproducible levels of expression are observed for independent cell lines. Our studies indicate that there are two distinct regulatory regions adjacent to the gene, located between −77 and −19, and between −210 and −107. The −77 to −19 region is required for constitutive and induced IFN gene expression, and both are drastically reduced by deletion to −73. When sequences between −210 and −107 are deleted, the constitutive level of IFN gene expression is increased 5- to 10-fold, while induced expression is essentially unaffected. Deletion of the −210 to −107 region also alters the kinetics of induction of the gene.
CAMP induces long-term morphological changes in sensory neurons of Aplysia

Long-term sensitization of defensive reflexes in the marine mollusc Aplysia has been correlated with biophysical changes in the somata of sensory neurons that mediate the reflexes and with morphological changes in their axonal processes. The biophysical changes can also be mimicked by intracellular injection of cAMP. In this report we demonstrate that cAMP induces long-term structural changes in pleural sensory neurons, providing a mechanism for this form of memory storage.
Angularity preferences and stimulus orthogonality in pigeons

Seventy-two pigeons were given single-stimulus training for variable-interval reinforcement and were then tested for generalization (preference) with a white line on a dark surround at angles of 90 (vertical), 60, and 30 deg. The training stimuli were (in different groups) a white light, a very dim white light, a green light, and a white dot on a dark surround. Any preexperimental preference for a given line angle should have been reflected in all groups; however, no such consistent preference was found. All training stimuli were logically orthogonal to the line angle dimension, yet training with the white light or the dim light resulted in a preference for vertical, training with the dot resulted in a preference for 30 deg, and training with the green resulted in no preference at all. Thus, orthogonality is an empirical rather than a logical matter, and it must be demonstrated in the context in which the concept is to be employed.
Single-Incision Pediatric Endosurgical (SIPES) Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Pyloromyotomy: A Single-Surgeon Experience

Background Pyloromyotomy by single-incision pediatric endosurgery (SIPES) is a new technique that leaves virtually no appreciable scar. So far, it has not been compared to conventional laparoscopic (CL) pyloromyotomy. This study compares the results of the first 15 SIPES pyloromyotomies of a surgeon to his last 15 CL cases.
Cationic starch–polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer latexes

Acrylonitrile (AN) was graft-polymerized onto gelatinized cationic starch (CS) possessing diethylaminoethyl ether groups by cerium (IV) initiation to give stable latexlike copolymer dispersions. Dispersions of the latex copolymers, having up to 50% grafted polyacrylonitrile (PAN), air- and heat-dry on glass to clear, adhesive films. Sonification of up to 8% dispersions at 20 Khz reduced their viscosities from 1500–3000 cP to 15–40 cP. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that both nonsonified and sonified dispersions consist of ball-like particles measuring about 0.05–0.15 μ in diameter when dry. The films are formed by coalescence of these particles. The degree to which AN grafts onto CS at ambient temperature is related to the nitrogen content of CS, gelatinization time of CS at 95°C, sequence of AN and cerium(IV) addition, concentration of cerium (IV), concentration of AN, and severity of reaction agitation. Number-average molecular weight values of PAN were about 106 when grafting was conducted under stirring and about 5 × 105 when conducted under shaking action.
Run-to-run control framework for VLSI manufacturing

A run-to-run (R2R) control framework has been developed for application to supervisory control of semiconductor manufacturing processes. This generic framework, which is being developed for eventual transfer to industry, is one component of a multi-level control system that includes real-time equipment and process control as well as pseudo-real-time process control elements operating in conjunction with the R2R controller. The framework is compliant with existing trends and standards in industry. At the heart of the framework is a generic cell controller implementation that serves to support the R2R control algorithm and coordinate control and information flow between the various R2R control modules. This implementation provides for the easy incorporation of commercially available software into the control scheme.
Lossless divide and conquer for time-order sorting of N facial poses

Law enforcement agencies need a quick decision in May 1 2010 NY Time Square for quickly spot wanted car bomb individuals in a crowd. This goal requires real-time smart firmware and a smart search algorithm to know how to order the faces in a geometric way. We demonstrate such a sorting problem of N facial poses time ordering is like the TSP of N cities, NP-complete, having no exact deterministic solution. Here we demonstrated a heuristic working solution to answer the ONR grand challenge called Empire 2010. How could the N boxes of faces detected and cut by the efficient COST parallel color-hue-algorithm, without time mark, at a single CPU (or even with the time marks but collected videos from multiple vintage points) to determine automatically who speaks what, where, and when? There must be a cross platform sensory association from our different sensors.
Telomere Lengths, Pulmonary Fibrosis and Telomerase (TERT) Mutations

Background Telomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of nucleotides on the ends of chromosomes. Rare loss of function mutations in the gene that encodes the protein component of telomerase (TERT) have been described in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here we examine the telomere lengths and pulmonary fibrosis phenotype seen in multiple kindreds with heterozygous TERT mutations.
Bending the Medicare Cost Curve for Physicians’ Services: Lessons Learned from Canada

In 1997 Congress created the Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) formula for the payment of physicians under Part B of Medicare. SGR established a target rate of growth for aggregate costs of physician services under Part B, linked to growth in overall GDP. If growth in aggregate Part B costs exceeds the target, the rate at which physicians are paid in the following year is to be reduced by a corresponding amount. In SGR, Congress and the U.S. medical profession jointly confront a policy dilemma with no clear solution. For several years running, Congress has elected to postpone cuts in payment to physicians required under SGR. Absent further Congressional action, in 2013 physicians’ fees under Part B of Medicare will be reduced by more than 30 %. The historical roots of SGR suggest that a potential solution lies in shifting to regional expenditure targets—an approach applied successfully in Canada in the 1970s when Canadian Medicare confronted rising physician fees. The commission that created what was to become SGR was aware of the lessons learned in Canada, and recommended that they also be applied to U.S. Medicare.
Ammonia-Treated Corn Silage for Dairy Cattle

Abstract The feeding value of corn silage treated with an ammonia solution at ensiling was compared with that of urea-treated and control silages in dairy cattle rations. On all-silage rations with no protein supplement, heifers ate more (P Ammonia treatment resulted in higher concentrations in silages of lactic acid and water insoluble nitrogen than did urea treatment, probably because the ammonia exerts a buffering action and extends the period of microbial fermentation in the silo.
The Association of Diabetes and Older Age With the Absence of Chest Pain During Acute Coronary Syndromes

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy associated with diabetes can cause silent myocardial ischemia and may influence the way that patients perceive symptoms of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The purpose of this study was to examine symptoms of ACS in patients with and without diabetes while controlling for length of time with diabetes. A convenience sample of 256 patients from two large medical centers in the Midwest participated. Patients with diabetes comprised 33.2% of the sample and reported significantly less chest pain and more unusual fatigue. Patients with diabetes of longer duration (10 or more years) reported more difficulty breathing than did patients with diabetes of shorter duration (fewer than 10 years). Older patients with the same diabetes status also reported less chest pain. For older patients and for patients with diabetes, lack of chest pain during ACS could delay treatment and is thus a concern.
An experimental evaluation of an integrated biomass gasification and power generation system for distributed power applications

Abstract This paper presents the feasibility study of a sound scientific, engineering, and technological solution for converting lignocellulosic biomass to electrical power using a trailer-scale downdraft biomass gasification system coupled with a spark-ignited IC engine/electric generator set for portable power applications on agricultural farms and in rural areas. The main objective of this study is to investigate the coupling and integration between the gasification unit and the power generation unit. Also it is intended to emphasize on the effectiveness of distributed power generation systems and demonstrate the feasibility of such integrated systems in real world scenarios, where the lignocellulosic biomass resources are widely available and distributed across the board. Four feedstock materials, pine, red oak, horse manure and cardboard that represent a wide spectrum of lignocellulosic biomass resources were chosen for the study. The efficiencies for individual components and the overall integrated system efficiencies were evaluated using experimental data and a thermal–chemical model for all four feedstocks.
American Antiquarian Society: A comprehensive repository of pre-1877 American imprints

Abstract As a representative model of a national “last-copy” repository, the American Antiquarian Society (AAS) offers an interesting counterpoint to the other models generally discussed. As an independent institution, AAS is not formally associated with any university, government entity, or consortium. From its inception, the Society was founded with the desire to preserve printed sources for succeeding generations, and it has been sustained largely by private contributions from a nationwide network of members and supporters. Unlike those of other repositories, AAS collection policies are defined by date and by place of publication. Succinctly stated, its goal is to collect and preserve one copy of every item printed through the year 1876 in what is now the United States. Unlike other repository models, the AAS library serves as an active center for scholarship in early American history broadly and, more specifically, in the study of American book history. Its programs include residential research fellowships—not only for academics, but also for writers and creative artists—seminars, conferences, and the publication of a scholarly journal and of many important bibliographies. Despite these differences, the AAS resembles other national repository models in that the AAS seeks to collect, preserve, and make available materials from what is, in essence, a “national repository”.
Transgenic Animals that Produce the Novel Peptide, Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone-Related Peptide (GHRH-RP) Overexpress Stem Cell Factor

Transgenic Animals that Produce the Novel Peptide, Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone-Related Peptide (GHRH-RP) Overexpress Stem Cell Factor
Changes in state of water in proteinaceous systems

Abstract When lyophilized preparations of β-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, and calfskin collagen sorbed at least 0.18 gm H2O per gram of dried protein, it was observed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) that the heat of vaporization of the sorbed water was 80–125 cal/gm higher than the ΔHv of liquid water. When less H2O is sorbed, at lower values of P P o for the sorbed water was equivalent to that of free water. These differences in strength of H2O-protein binding may be attributed to the availability of protein surfaces or suitable H2O binding sites. At the higher moisture levels the solid protein matrix has become swollen and possibly conformational changes have occurred in the protein molecules permitting more H2O-surface contacts and the formation of an “icelike” structure. Accordingly extensive water binding was observed in completely wet systems by measuring the heat of fusion of the water associated with wet pellets of ultracentrifugal casein. Water bound in an “ice” structure will not freeze on cooling to low temperatures (−70°C) and may therefore be assessed through DSC. Such bound water was found to correspond to 50%–60% of the dry weight of the protein present.
Japanese language teaching: a communicative approach

Japanese language teaching: a communicative approach, by Alessandro G. Benati, London, Continuum, 2009, ix + 214 pp., US$150.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-8264-9881-6; US$44.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-...
Investigating Metacognitive Awareness and Reading Strategy Use of EFL Korean University Students

The metacognitive awareness and reading strategy use by Korean university students in Korea was investigated. The relationships between reading strategy use, self-rated English proficiency, and self-rated reading proficiency were examined. Differences in reading strategy use were also explored by gender and academic classification. Problem-solving strategies were the Korean students’ most preferred strategies. The relationship between strategy use and reading proficiency was linear, while a curvilinear relationship between strategy use and English proficiency was found. While no significant difference in strategy use between females and males was found, senior and junior level students reported higher use of strategies.
AN EXTENSION OF WOLFE'S STUDY OF SIMULATION GAME COMPLEXITY*

This study is an extension of recently reported research concerning the relationships between business simulation game complexity and student perceptions of “learning,”“monotony,” and “appropriateness of challenge.” A game of intermediate-level complexity was used at two education levels. Findings from the current study are compared with findings from an earlier study's intermediate-level complexity game. A number of questions with respect to the earlier findings are raised.
Preferential extraction of lanthanides over trivalent actinides by monoacidic organophosphates from carboxylic acids and from mixtures of carboxylic and aminopolyacetic acids

In the extraction of lanthanides and trivalent actinides by monoacidic organophosphates from mineral acid solutions the distribution coefficients of the two groups of elements overlap, with americium behaving most like cerium or praseodymium. Substitution of carboxylic acids, especially hydroxy acids, for the mineral acids shifts the americium distribution coefficients downward slightly relative to the lanthanides. This effect becomes more pronounced with increasing pH. The presence of strongly-complexing aminopolyacetic acids causes a much larger shift, which increases with the number (at least up to five) of acetic acid groups in the complexing agent. Extraction by di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) from lactic acid solutions containing the sodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) provides an effective system for completely separating the two groups of elements. Monoesters of phosphonic acids give similar preferential extraction of the lanthanides. Under conditions optimum for group separation, neodymium is the least extractable of the lanthanides and californium is the most extractable of the transplutonium elements. At a constant pH, extractions of americium, californium, and the middle lanthanides are inversely proportional to the DTPA concentrations from 10−4 to 10−1 M, while extractions of the other lanthanides vary so as to reverse the order of extractability of the lower lanthanides. With a constant DTPA concentration, the difference between the extractability of americium and the middle lanthanides increases slowly with pH, while lanthanum and cerium gradually reverse their positions relative to the middle lanthanides. The extracted species contains a metal carboxylate complex.
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF ZnO NANORODS ON SURFACES VIA ORGANIC TEMPLATING

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a technologically important material because of its multi-functional properties, with applications ranging from piezoelectric transducers and varistors to wide-bandgap semiconductor for UV emitters and detectors. In addition to polycrystalline ceramic powders and epitaxial thin films, recent advances in ZnO have been in vapor and solution phase growth of complex nanostructures. For these nanostructures to be useful, a means to place them strategically on the surface is needed. Here we will describe using micro-contact printing to pattern self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecules that locally inhibit crystal growth on surfaces. These chemically patterned surfaces are then used as templates for ZnO nanorod growth in aqueous solutions. We demonstrate good control of crystal placement with feature size down to 1 µm. In addition, we find that restricting active nucleation regions results in a marked increase in nucleation density. These results are the first demonstration of combining soft lithography and bio-inspired crystal growth to make nanostructures of ZnO. The success illustrated here indicates that such a combination may be applicable to a much broader range of materials systems than previously envisioned.
Detection of apotryptophan pyrrolase activity in unfractionated liver homogenates.

SummaryA reservoir of free apotryptophan pyrrolase has been detected in unfractionated rat liver homogenates. The detection of this enzyme fraction is dependent upon its preservation by a gentle technique of homogenizing the liver sample. The activity of free apotryptophan pyrrolase was inactivated when livers were homogenized in a unit with rotor-knife blades.
Nitric oxide inhibition impairs blood flow during exercise in hearts with a collateral-dependent myocardial region

AbstractObjectives. We sought to determine the importance of nitric oxide (NO) production in maintaining coronary blood flow during exercise in hearts with collateral-dependent myocardium.Backgroun...
Iron Supplementation and Epoetin Alfa in a Jehovah's Witness with Severe Iron Deficiency Anemia:

Objective:To report a case of severe iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in a Jehovah's Witness, successfully treated with iron supplementation and epoetin alfa.Case Summary:A 69-year-old African man, a J...
Stress-induced prophage DNA replication in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Salmonella Typhimurium, a foodborne pathogen, is the cause of new outbreaks every year. The virulence of new pathogens is determined by their virulence genes, many of them carried on transferable elements, such as prophages. In bacteria harboring multiple prophages such as Salmonella, the reassortment of these genes plays a major role in the emergence of new pathogens and consequently new epidemics. This gene transfer depends on prophage induction and the initiation of the phage lytic cycle. In the present study we have tested the effects of bacterial extracytoplasmic stress on prophage induction. We developed a quantitative real-time PCR assay to quantify variations in phage genes copy number, representative of phage DNA replication associated with the initiation of the lytic cycle. The induction of the four Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 prophages (Fels-1, Fels-2, Gifsy-1 and Gifsy-2) was measured during exponential growth, stationary phase, starvation, as well as after treatment with Mitomycin C, Ampicillin or heat. Our results show that the four prophages respond differently to each treatment. Gifsy-2 showed constant low level of induction independently of the extracytoplasmic stress, Fels-1 was strongly induced after DNA damage, Fels-2 showed spontaneous induction only during optimal bacterial growth, and Gifsy-1 was repressed in all conditions. These findings show that the transfer of virulence genes can respond to and depend on variations of the bacterial surrounding conditions, and help to explain the appearance of new Salmonella outbreaks.
How to solve a cubic equation. Part 1. The shape of the discriminant

Types of solutions There are four things that can happen with cubic polynomial roots. These consist of the various permutations of multiple roots and imaginary roots. There can be: • a triple root • a double root and a single root, • three distinct real roots • one real and one complex conjugate pair of roots. Figure 1 gives an example of each of these situations both in the conventional and the homogeneous versions. The notation for the type code is a concatenation of the multiplicity counts for the various roots, with an overbar representing a complex conjugate pair. For example Type 3 has one triple root, Type 21 has one double and one single root, etc.
On possible models of attention in signal detection

Abstract This paper is concerned with two different mechanisms of attention in auditory signal detection. One alters the width of a Gaussian filter (or attention band), whereas the other changes the tuning, that is, the placement of its center. To formalize these mechanisms, we first consider auditory energy-detection. To explore the effect of a randomly tuned filter, both uniform and normal density distributions of its center frequency are investigated. Formulas for predicting signal detection performance in 2IFC experiments are derived for the different cases resulting from these hypotheses, and examples of psychometric functions are computed. The results reveal striking differences between the two mechanisms. Widening the auditory filter not only reduces sensitivity but also steepens the resulting psychometric functions. In contrast, changing the filter tuning causes psychometric functions to flatten.
Peasant Resistance and Religious Protests in Early Philippine Society: Turning Friars Against the Grain

One of the most important contributions to the study of religious resistance and rural rebellions in the Philippines has come from the works of nationalist scholars. They have shown that peasant revolts that have been widely studied cannot be constructively understood without considering their precolonial origins. This essay examines the role of religion in rural revolts in terms of its broader historical connections. It reviews some of the pre-Hispanic continuities in the selection of authentic leaders in the Philippines during the early Spanish period. It concludes that Christianity was localized not simply because it was imposed but because it was propagated by a small group of radicalized, educated friars meeting some of the indigenous criteria for effective leadership. These friars were some of the early ancestors of today’s liberation theologians.
The need for decision‐support tools for a changing climate: application to inland fisheries management

Large-scale environmental impacts, such as those of climate change on fisheries, require policy and management action not only at the local level, but at regional, national and international levels. Fisheries biology and ecology, along with social, political and economic considerations, can influence policy design and implementation. Decision-support tools can integrate these sciences to distil often complex, mechanistic and synergistic processes into a format that the public, policy makers and managers can use when designing strategies to ensure fisheries sustainability in the face of large-scale environmental perturbations, such as climate change. Harvest management of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill), in the Laurentian Great Lakes provides an excellent case study to examine the value and utility of a decision-support tool for inland fisheries management when considering the effects of climate change because this fishery is expected to be impacted by future changes in water temperature, ice cover and wind speed.
Capability analysis of the variable measurement system with fuzzy data

Abstract The aim of this paper is to propose an approach to analyze capability of the variable measurement system in fuzzy environment, where the data acquired from the measurement process under study are assumed fuzzy numbers. To accomplish this goal, a pair of non-linear programming problems is formulated based on Zadeh’s extension principle to compute α -level cuts of assessment criteria, which are frequently used to analyze capability of the variable measurement system in practice. The membership functions of these criteria are then constructed analytically by numerating different values of α . The capability assessment criteria discussed in this paper include repeatability, reproducibly, GRR% and C gk . In the next step, a method for ranking fuzzy numbers is exploited to evaluate whether capability of the variable measurement system is satisfactory in fuzzy environment or not. Since fuzzy measures are gathered from the measurement system in a more realistic situation in which all variations and unexpected conditions are taken into account, it is shown using an empirical example that incorporating fuzziness into measurement data results in a more accurate capability analysis.
The LGBTQ Responsive Model for Supervision of Group Work

Although supervision of group work has been linked to the development of multicultural and social justice competencies, there are no models for supervision of group work specifically designed to address the needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) persons. This manuscript presents the LGBTQ Responsive Model for Supervision of Group Work (RMSGW), offering a trans-theoretical framework through which group leaders and supervisors can plan and implement group interventions. Application of the LGBTQ RMSGW is described, with implications for practice and future research discussed.
CELL CULTURE AND THE CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME

Abstract Skin fibroblasts, from a girl with ChediakHigashi syndrome and from two heterozygotes from the same family, grown in cell culture contained abnormal cytoplasmic inclusions similar in morphology and staining to those seen in peripheral blood leucocytes of patients with this syndrome. These inclusions were seen consistently in the cell lines throughout six months of culture. These results indicate the usefulness of cell culture both in detecting heterozygous carriers of this lethal condition and in providing an in-vitro system for further investigations of the nature of the disease.
CHANGES IN NONVAOLATILE ACIDS OF CONCORD GRAPES DURING MATURATION

Separation by GLC indicated the major nonvolatile acids in Concord grapes to be tartaric and malic with lesser quantities of succinic, citric, quinic and ascorbic acids present. In the less mature fruit, malic acid was present in greater quantities than tartaric acid; however, as the grape berries ripened malic acid was apparently metabolized more rapidly than was tartaric acid so that tartaric became the dominant acid present in the fully ripe fruit.
HIV vulnerabilities of sex-trafficked Indian women and girls

Objective To qualitatively explore potential mechanisms that may confer heightened risk for HIV infection among survivors of sex trafficking in India.
Venous thrombosis of pancreatic transplants : Diagnosis by duplex sonography

Our objective was to determine whether elevated pancreatic transplant arterial resistive index (RI) and absence of venous flow correlate with pancreatic transplant venous thrombosis.Thirteen episodes of surgically documented pancreatic venous thrombosis occurred in 175 pancreases that had been transplanted over a 3-year period. Duplex sonography was performed before surgical exploration in 11 cases. We retrospectively reviewed these 11 sonograms to determine whether blood was flowing in the veins and arteries of the graft. The RI was calculated from all pancreatic artery waveforms. We compared these arterial RIs and the presence or absence of venous flow with those of pancreatic grafts without venous thrombosis to determine sensitivity and specificity.In the venous thrombosis group, thrombosis occurred within 12 days of transplantation (mean, 3.5 days) in all 11 cases. Six cases of thrombosis (55%) occurred within 1 day. Arterial flow was detected within the graft in nine cases (82%) and in the stump of t...
Surface mount technology and power applications

The author describes a half-day short course which introduces attendees to the basics of surface mount technology (SMT), comparing SMT to standard through-hole circuit board design and manufacturing techniques. Examples of equipment specific to SMT board assembly are available for attendees to examine and use. The use of concurrent engineering in sucessful SMT design and manufacturing is discussed. In addition, the course discusses some of the issues necessary to deal with power applications and thermal issues associated with SMT board design. Examples of software useful in thermal analysis of circuit boards are given. An overview of the short course schedule is also given.
Monogenic Functions in Conformal Geometry

Monogenic functions are basic to Clifford analysis. On Euclidean space they are defined as smooth functions with values in the corresponding Clifford algebra satisfying a certain system of first order differential equations, usually referred to as the Dirac equation. There are two equally natural extensions of these equations to a Riemannian spin manifold only one of which is conformally invariant. We present a straightforward exposition.
Residue and Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Effects on Simulated Rain Infiltration and Sediment Transport

Increased precipitation storage as soil water is crucial to dryland production of wheat (L.) and grain sorghum [ (L.) Moench] on the semiarid southern Great Plains. At the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory at Bushland, TX, surface runoff from a Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustoll) is typically greater with no-till (NT) than stubble-mulch (SM) tillage under the 3-yr wheat–sorghum–fallow (WSF) dryland crop rotation. Our objective was to quantify the effects of NT or SM tillage with bare or retained residue on infiltration of simulated rain, sediment transport, and related aggregate stability for continuous wheat (CW) and WSF rotation plots established in 1983. Compared with bare soil, the retained wheat residue cover increased mean 60-min cumulative infiltration across all tillage and rotation combinations by >25 mm and decreased soil loss. Cumulative rain infiltration and total soil loss did not vary significantly (< 0.05) with tillage, but the mean infiltration rate at 60 min was 15.0 mm h less for NT than SM. The CW rotation typically increased infiltration regardless of residue cover or tillage compared with the WSF rotation, which we attributed to greater aggregate stability. The greater aggregate stability for CW may have decreased soil loss compared with WSF, which was greatest for bare SM tilled sites. We conclude that residue cover significantly increases rain infiltration over bare soil conditions independent of any tillage or rotation treatment effects. Nevertheless, increased rain infiltration due to residue cover was not sustained in the absence of soil disturbance for NT.
Response to Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Treating Blood Pressure on Cardiovascular Outcomes of Dialysis Patients

Goldsmith and Covic1 rightly conclude that it is premature to attribute cardiovascular benefits of antihypertensive drug use in hemodialysis patients to blood pressure (BP) lowering alone. Our meta-analysis points out the sharp difference between cohort studies and randomized trials; the former show harm with spontaneous fall in BP, whereas the latter show a benefit with antihypertensive drug use.2 Heerspink et al,3 in their meta-analysis concluded, “treatment …
Predicting barriers to primary care for patients with disabilities: A mixed methods study of practice administrators

Abstract Background People with disabilities continue to be identified as a group who experience disparate health/health care. They are less likely to engage in some health care services. Structural barriers are often identified as one of the reasons for the underutilization of some health care services by people with disabilities. However, to date no study has been conducted to understand why structural barriers persist twenty years after the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) became law. Objectives We examined the relationship between primary care practice administrators' knowledge of the ADA and the number of accessibility barriers that patients with mobility disabilities might encounter. Methods Primary care practice administrators who were members of a medical management organization were surveyed between December 20, 2011, and January 17, 2012. A mixed methods research design was employed. Data were analyzed using a Guttman scale, linear and multiple linear regression. Results ADA knowledge questions conformed to a valid Guttman scale. There was a significant inverse relationship between practice administrators' knowledge of the ADA and the number of barriers reported in their clinics. Age of the administrators and buildings built before 1993 were also significant predictors of the number of barriers. Conclusion This study helps to identify medical practices that are more likely to have access barriers and have the greatest need for ADA compliance interventions. Results from this study highlight practice administrators' need for specific knowledge of the ADA as it applies to their medical practice. Efforts are needed to improve disability training for health professionals.
Spatial Dynamics of Canopy Trees in an Old Growth Eastern Hemlock Forest in the Central Appalachian Highlands

ABSTRACT: Understanding the shifting spatial distribution of trees is central to our knowledge of forest dynamics. We studied the spatial distribution of Tsuga canadensis L. Carr (Eastern Hemlock) as a function of age and size of canopy trees (greater than 75 cm dbh) and proximity to a stream in a remnant old growth forest fragment that has no record of human clearing or logging (Cathedral State Park, West Virginia). There appeared to be relatively continuous regeneration; however, cohort peaks indicated some disturbance history. We found spatially distinct age structures, with trees up to 315 years old. Trees greater than 102 cm dbh, or greater than 241 years old, were, on average, significantly closer to the stream. We suspect that the oldest individuals are concentrated near the stream because they are sheltered from wind disturbance. This knowledge can help us prioritize sites that are most important to protect from the woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) when treating individual trees.
Twenty-eight years' experience of arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries in a single institution

OBJECTIVES: We reviewed our 28 years of experience of arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries to investigate late sequelae of this procedure. METHODS: 387 patients who underwent ASO from 1984 to 2010 were included in this retrospective study. The longitudinal data were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using a log-rank test. Risk factors for late sequelae were analysed by the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 10.0 years. There were 13 early deaths and 17 late deaths. All late deaths were within 1 year, except for three patients. Actuarial survival was 92.2 and 91.6% at 10 and 20 years, respectively. Sixty-six patients (17.1%) had developed pulmonary stenosis (PS) and 29 patients (7.5%) had developed moderate or more aortic insufficiency (AI) during follow-up. Selective coronary angiography was performed in 210 patients (54.3%) at 9.6 ± 5.1 years after ASO. Left main tract occlusion was found in 2 patients (2/210; 1.0%) and hypoplastic left coronary artery was found in 10 patients (10/210; 4.8%). Among these 12 patients, 8 patients were asymptomatic. Re-operation was performed in 76 patients (19.6%), pulmonary artery plasty for PS in 58 patients (15.0%), aortic valve replacement for AI including two Bentall operations in 9 patients (2.3%) and others. Freedom from re-operation was 78.2 and 62.8% at 10 and 20 years, respectively. The risk factor for PS was the use of equine pericardium for reconstruction (P< 0.0001). Factors associated with moderate or more AI was the presence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (P= 0.004). There were no risk factors for late coronary lesions. Three hundred and forty surviving patients (340/357; 95.2%) were in NYHA functional class I. Treadmill test, which was performed on 217 patients (56.1%) at 14.3 ± 5.4 years after ASO, revealed that the maximum heart rate was 97.5 ± 7.6% of normal and peak oxygen consumption was 105.2 ± 20.5% of normal. CONCLUSIONS: ASO was performed with satisfactory results in the overall survival and functional status. PS was the main reason for re-operation. Coronary lesions can appear late without any symptoms. Benefits of ASO can be achieved by long-term follow-ups of PS, AI and coronary lesions.
Psychiatrists working in primary care: a survey of general practitioners' attitudes.

Objectives: To collect information on current working arrangements between general practitioners (GPs) and mental health professionals and to assess GPs' attitudes towards developing closer working practices with psychiatrists in the primary care setting.Method: Six hundred and three GPs from South Australia were surveyed with questionnaires. Main outcome measures included information about existing primary care links between GPs and mental health professionals, GPs' preferred working arrangements with psychiatrists in the primary care setting and their attitude towards developing these practices, including perceived obstacles, advantages and disadvantages.Results: One hundred and eighty-one completed questionnaires were returned. One in 11 GPs returning the questionnaire (RGPs) had established primary care links with a psychiatrist, 1 in 6 with clinical psychologists and 1 in 17 with psychiatric nurses and social workers. RGPs held positive attitudes towards developing closer links at their work settings...
Mechanisms of Movement: Basis for New Major Dichotomy of Sarcodina: ABSTRACT

Members of the Sarcodina seem to possess either of two basic mechanisms for protoplasmic movement: (1) a contraction-hydraulic system, in which flow of protoplasmic sol is caused by contraction of a tube of gel, and (2) an active shearing or active sliding mechanism in which two surfaces, usually both of gel but possibly one gel and one of sol, move in relation to each other. The first system occurs typically in Amoeba (Mast, 1926) and Physarum (Jahn, Rinaldi, and Brown, 1960; Jahn, 1960), and the second in Allogromia (Jahn and Rinaldi, 1959). Examination of older literature and of living specimens reveals that the contraction-hydraulic system is found in the Amoebida, Mycetozoida, Acrasinorida, and some the the Testacida (e.g., Arcella), and that the active sliding syste is found in the Foraminiferida, Radiolarida, Acantharida, Helozoida, Helioflagellorida, most Protemyxida, and some Testacida (e.g., Euglypha). No organism has been found which possesses both mechanisms. If these two mechanisms are distinct, possession of either one or the other must be of great phylogenetic importance to the organisms, and therefore should be of taxonomic importance. If so, we should divide the Sarcodina into two major groups on the basis of possession of one or the other. The morphological basis established by the French school (Grasse, 1948) for the rearrangement of the orders of Rhizopoda on the basis of the morphology of pseudopods is further emphasized by the existence of two basic mechanisms for pseudopod formation. However, use of these mechanisms as a basis of the major dichotomy combines the Actinopoda with the Filosa and the Granuloreticulosa into one of the two major groups. End_of_Article - Last_Page 133------------
An Efficient Algorithm for Current Source Localization with Tetrodes

In this article we develop a simple algorithm for localization of electrical sources in neurons. The algorithm is based on multiple measurements of neuron's action potentials acquired from multiple sensors, such as tetrodes. We show that in many cases this problem can be solved analytically. We also give an alternative formulation of the problem that is applicable when the analytical approach has no solution. We further show that the problem of source localization and the estimation of the source strength are coupled and can be solved simultaneously. Our method was tested on a single- neuron model with complex dendritic geometry and realistically modeled membrane dynamics. Simulation results suggest that our technique is capable of accurately estimating the location and strength of nearby current sources.
Specification of External Forcing for Regional Model Integrations

Abstract The effect of vertical and time interpolations of external forcings on the accuracy of regional simulations is examined. Two different treatments of the forcings, one with conventional lateral boundary nudging and the other with spectral nudging, are studied. The main result is that the accuracy of the regional simulation increases very slowly as the number of forcing field levels increase when no spectral nudging is used. Thus, for better simulation, it is desirable to have as many forcing levels as possible. By contrast, spectral nudging improves the regional model simulation when reasonably large numbers of forcing field levels, at least up to nine levels, are given. The accuracy worsens drastically when the number of forcing levels is reduced to less than nine. To improve the simulation, in particular when the forcing field is given at a coarse vertical resolution and at lower time frequency, an incremental interpolation method is introduced. The incremental interpolation in the vertical dire...