cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
CoQoS: Coordinating QoS-aware shared resources in NoC-based SoCs

Contention in performance-critical shared resources affects performance and quality-of-service (QoS) significantly. While this issue has been studied recently in CMP architectures, the same problem exists in SoC architectures where the challenge is even more severe due to the contention of shared resources between programmable cores and fixed-function IP blocks. In the SoC environment, efficient resource sharing and a guarantee of a certain level of QoS are highly desirable. Researchers have proposed different techniques to support QoS, but most existing works focus on only one individual resource. Coordinated management of multiple QoS-aware shared resources remains an open problem. In this paper, we propose a class-of-service based QoS architecture (CoQoS), which can jointly manage three performance-critical resources (cache, NoC, and memory) in a NoC-based SoC platform. We evaluate the interaction between the QoS-aware allocation of shared resources in a trace-driven platform simulator consisting of detailed NoC and cache/memory models. Our simulations show that the class-of-service based approach provides a low-cost flexible solution for SoCs. We show that assigning the same class-of-service to multiple resources is not as effective as tuning the class-of-service of each resource while observing the joint interactions. This demonstrates the importance of overall QoS support and the coordination of QoS-aware shared resources.
Water and ion flow across cellulosic membranes

The primary objective of this investigation has been to explain why cellulose acetate behaves as a semipermeable membrane in saline water. To explain this phenomenon, two different mechanisms for the transfer to water and ions through cellulose acetate membranes were formulated. Those ions and molecules that cannot enter into hydrogen bonding with the membrane are transferred by hole-type diffusion. The rate of diffusion appears to be governed by a water-cellulose acetate structure. The reaction between water and the cellulose polymers to form bound water regions is favored by compressing the membrane. As pressure is applied on the membrane, more bound water is produced, which causes the rate of hole-type diffusion to decrease. On the other hand, those ions and molecules that can associate with the membrane and are transported through it by alignment-type diffusion. The formation of the water-cellulose acetate structure does not appreciably diminish the diffusion rate of water through the membrane. Cellulose acetate begins to behave as an effective semipermeable membrane in saline water when it is compressed sufficiently to retard greatly the diffusion of NaCl. Several types of experiments were conducted to support these hypotheses. The most important evidence was obtained from resistance experiments. The electrical resistances of specific ions was measured across cellulose acetate at various pressures by using permselective membranes to prevent migration of the ion of opposite charge. It was observed that the rate of diffusion of those ions that cannot combine with the membrane actually does decrease as the membrane is compressed. The rate of diffusion of H3O+, which can enter into hydrogen bonding with cellulose acetate, is much higher and is not appreciably reduced as the membrane is compressed. These resistance-pressure relationships are correlated with the semipermeability of the cellulose acetate.
Aerosol composition of the tropical upper troposphere

Abstract. Aerosol composition was measured by the NOAA single-particle mass spectrometer (PALMS) aboard the NASA WB-57 high altitude aircraft platform during two Aura Validation Experiment (AVE) campaigns based in Costa Rica in 2004 and 2006. These studies yielded the most complete set of aerosol composition measurements to date throughout the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) and tropical lower stratosphere. We describe the aerosol properties of the tropical atmosphere and use composition tracers to examine particle sources, the role of recent convection, and cirrus-forming potential in the TTL. Tropical dynamics and regional air sources played principal roles in dictating tropospheric aerosol properties. There was a sharp change in aerosol chemical composition at about 12 km altitude coincident with a change in convective influence. Below this level, maritime convection lofted condensable material that generated acidic, sulfate-rich aerosol. These particles contained significant amounts of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and showed evidence of cloud processes. In contrast, continental convection injected particles and precursors directly into the TTL, yielding a population of neutralized, organic-rich aerosol. The organics were often highly oxidized and particles with oxidized organics also contained nitrate. Above the tropopause, chemical composition gradually changed toward sulfuric acid particles but neutralized particles were still abundant 2 km above the tropopause. Deep continental convection, though sporadic and geographically localized, may strongly influence TTL aerosol properties on a global scale. The abundance of organic-rich aerosol may inhibit ice nucleation and formation of tropopause level cirrus.
The new algorithms for 2-dimensional FFT with prime size

Two algorithms for the 2D fast Fourier transform (FFT) are developed, where the prime size p identical to 3 mod 4 and p identical to 2 mod 3. The indexing set in each case forms a field, and the computation of the 2D FFT can be completely transferred into one dimension which is identical to the computational structure of the 1D FFT with prime size. Instead of the row-column algorithm which was designed based on the 1D FFT, an algorithm based on 1D cyclic convolution is designed. It is shown that this algorithm is efficient for some sample points and flexible for parallel or vector processing. >
Genetic diversity of human RNase 8

Ribonuclease 8 is a member of the RNase A family of secretory ribonucleases; orthologs of this gene have been found only in primate genomes. RNase 8 is a divergent paralog of RNase 7, which is lysine-enriched, highly conserved, has prominent antimicrobial activity, and is expressed in both normal and diseased skin; in contrast, the physiologic function of RNase 8 remains uncertain. Here, we examine the genetic diversity of human RNase 8, a subject of significant interest given the existence of functional pseudogenes (coding sequences that are otherwise intact but with mutations in elements crucial for ribonucleolytic activity) in non-human primate genomes. RNase 8 expression was detected in adult human lung, spleen and testis tissue by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Only two single-nucleotide polymorphisms and four unique alleles were identified within the RNase 8 coding sequence; nucleotide sequence diversity (π = 0.00122 ± 0.00009 per site) was unremarkable for a human nuclear gene. We isolated transcripts encoding RNase 8 via rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and RT-PCR which included a distal potential translational start site followed by sequence encoding an additional 30 amino acids that are conserved in the genomes of several higher primates. The distal translational start site is functional and promotes RNase 8 synthesis in transfected COS-7 cells. These results suggest that RNase 8 may diverge considerably from typical RNase A family ribonucleases and may likewise exhibit unique function. This finding prompts a reconsideration of what we have previously termed functional pseudogenes, as RNase 8 may be responding to constraints that promote significant functional divergence from the canonical structure and enzymatic activity characteristic of the RNase A family.
A cost-construction model to assess the total cost of an anesthesiology residency program

Background Although the total costs of graduate medical education are difficult to quantify, this information may be of great importance for health policy and planning over the next decade. This study describes the total costs associated with the residency program at the University of Texas--Houston Department of Anesthesiology during the 1996-1997 academic year. Methods The authors used cost-construction methodology, which computes the cost of teaching from information on program description, resident enrollment, faculty and resident salaries and benefits, and overhead. Surveys of faculty and residents were conducted to determine the time spent in teaching activities; access to institutional and departmental financial records was obtained to quantify associated costs. The model was then developed and examined for a range of assumptions concerning resident productivity, replacement costs, and the cost allocation of activities jointly producing clinical care and education. Results The cost of resident training (cost of didactic teaching, direct clinical supervision, teaching-related preparation and administration, plus the support of the teaching program) was estimated at $75,070 per resident per year. This cost was less than the estimated replacement value of the teaching and clinical services provided by residents, $103,436 per resident per year. Sensitivity analysis, with different assumptions regarding resident replacement cost and reimbursement rates, varied the cost estimates but generally identified the anesthesiology residency program as a financial asset. Conclusions In most scenarios, the value of the teaching and clinical services provided by residents exceeded the cost of the resources used in the educational program.
Synthesis of 35S- and 14C-Labeled Glyceryl Thioethers

The racemic 35S- and 14C-labeled alpha derivatives of octadecyl glyceryl thioether and hexadecyl glyceryl thioether of high specific activity and purity were prepared. Synthesis was carried out by treating the appropriate alkyl halide with an excess of 1- thioglycerol in the presence of KOH or NaOH. The labeled glyceryl thiomonoethers (S-ethers) were isolated and purified from the reaction mixtures by silicic acid column chromatography. The radiopurity was determined by zonal TLC.
3-D Adaptive Eulerian-Lagrangian Method for Gravity- and Capillarity-Induced Flows

Delivery of cryogenic propellants from a spacecraft fuel tank is complicated due to the low and fluctuating gravity level and its interaction with the capillary, convective, and diffusive mechanisms. The present effort is aimed at developing suitable computational modeling techniques capable of offering adequate resolution of moving interfacial dynamics, topological changes due to break-up and merger of the fluid objects, and interactions between phase boundaries and complex solid boundaries. A 3-D adaptive EulerianLagrangian method is developed, utilizing the stationary (Eulerian) frame to resolve the flow field, and the marker-based triangulated moving (Lagrangian) surface meshes to treat the fluid interface. The multiphase fluid boundary is modeled using a continuous interface method, and the solid boundary is treated by a sharp interface method along with the ghost cell method. The performance of the present framework is assessed using several test cases of different challenges, including the (i) sloshing liquid motion by a sudden reduction of acceleration exhibiting substantial variations in the shape and the location of the phase boundary, and (ii) stability of the liquid-gas interface dynamics due to vertically oscillating gravitational acceleration of varying frequency and amplitudes, resulting in complex surface wave patterns.
The office of the cantor in early Western monastic rules and customaries: a preliminary investigation *

The Rule of St Benedict ( c. 520) mentions a cantor only once. The celebrated twelfth-century Liber ordinis , a book of monastic regulations compiled at the Abbey of St Victor in Paris, requires several folios to outline all the duties of the cantor's office. During the six centuries separating these two sources, the monastic cantor had become one of the most important persons in the religious community: he supervised all aspects of music-making, he was in charge of the library and the scriptorium, and he oversaw and directed the celebration of the liturgy. Yet even though the cantor had a crucial role in the performance and transmission of medieval liturgical music, very little scholarly attention has been given to his office. This study offers some theories concerning the evolution of the cantor's office, and a description of that office during the late eleventh century, the period in which it reached its zenith. Many issues will be raised that, it is hoped, will suggest directions for further research.
Bureaucracy in the Twenty-First Century

Although numerous scholars claim the eminent demise of bureaucracy, this article argues that bureaucracy will not only survive in the twenty-first century but will flourish. The core of the argument is that the large-scale tasks that government must perform—national defense, a social welfare system, political monitoring of the economy, etc.—will remain key functions of governments in the twenty-first century and that bureaucracies, likely public but possibly private, will continue to be the most effective way to do these tasks. Bureaucracy has weathered other calls for its demise before; current efforts are likely to meet similar fates. After a brief discussion of definitions and the meaning of bureaucracy, the major sections of this article deal with six challenges to bureaucracy. Some of these challenges are intellectual; others are part of real-world ongoing reform efforts in a variety of countries.
Characterizing uncontrollable reachability for colored controlled Petri nets

This paper establishes the groundwork for a forbidden state control synthesis method for controlled colored Petri nets (CtlCPN). In particular, this paper investigates characterizing uncontrollable reachability for CtlCPNs by developing algebraic expressions from specifications of forbidden states. These expressions represent the uncontrollable dynamics of a net model. For any net marking (state), these expressions are evaluated online to determine whether forbidden markings are reachable. >
Cervical metastases from an occult primary site

Less than 5% of patients with metastatic cervical carcinoma will not have a detectable primary site despite a proper work-up. Recent aids for these diagnostic problems include fine needle aspiration and immunohistochemical panels to differentiate undifferentiated carcinoma from melanoma and/or lymphoma. CT scanning can suggest areas in the upper aerodigestive tract for biopsy and can be helpful in suggesting the pathology of the enlarged lymph nodes. EBV titers are often elevated when a nasopharyngeal carcinoma is small. Aggressive treatment of the occult primary patient with metastatic melanoma, thyroid cancer, and metastatic cancer presumed to arise from the skin of the head and neck or the mucous membranes of the upper aerodigestive tract is indicated as long-term survival is often achieved.
A Population-Based Comparative Effectiveness Study of Radiation Therapy Techniques in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Purpose Concerns have been raised about the potential for worse treatment outcomes because of dosimetric inaccuracies related to tumor motion and increased toxicity caused by the spread of low-dose radiation to normal tissues in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). We therefore performed a population-based comparative effectiveness analysis of IMRT, conventional 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), and 2-dimensional radiation therapy (2D-RT) in stage III NSCLC. Methods and Materials We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database to identify a cohort of patients diagnosed with stage III NSCLC from 2002 to 2009 treated with IMRT, 3D-CRT, or 2D-RT. Using Cox regression and propensity score matching, we compared survival and toxicities of these treatments. Results The proportion of patients treated with IMRT increased from 2% in 2002 to 25% in 2009, and the use of 2D-RT decreased from 32% to 3%. In univariate analysis, IMRT was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90, P =.02) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR 0.89, P =.02). After controlling for confounders, IMRT was associated with similar OS (HR 0.94, P =.23) and CSS (HR 0.94, P =.28) compared with 3D-CRT. Both techniques had superior OS compared with 2D-RT. IMRT was associated with similar toxicity risks on multivariate analysis compared with 3D-CRT. Propensity score matched model results were similar to those from adjusted models. Conclusions In this population-based analysis, IMRT for stage III NSCLC was associated with similar OS and CSS and maintained similar toxicity risks compared with 3D-CRT.
Voice over IP in Intranet and Internet environments

The wide-scale deployment of intranet and Internet along with improvements in hardware and software technologies are paving the way for emerging applications, many of which involve the delivery of voice, video and images to end-users. One such application that has generated considerable interest recently is voice over IP (VoIP). The impact and feasibility of using VoIP in both Intranet and Internet environments is explored under typical network real-world measurement conditions. The empirical test measurements and results demonstrate the effects of compression, packet size, delays and jitter on the end-to-end delivery performance of voice ultimately delivered to end-users. An analysis is presented of the delay components of the end-to-end delay for VoIP implementation. This analysis identifies areas that could potentially influence the performance of voice when transported over IP-based networks and simultaneously competing with their data traffic.
A REMARK ON TESTING SIGNIFICANCE OF AN OBSERVED CORRELATION MATRIX

summary A simple test for the diagonality of the covariance matrix of a multi-variate normal population is proposed. The test, which is based upon the sum of squares of the z-transforms of the sample correlations, is seen to compare well with the current tests in terms of both the null distribution approximations and the powers.
Easy-to-use communication interfaces for data acquisition

The purpose of a data acquisition system is to provide reliable and timely information. The received information can then be analyzed in real-time or remotely to estimate the state of the measured environment. This work is an effort towards the development of communication interfaces for data acquisition systems. The developed interfaces can be used to provide reliable communication between a host-PC and an embedded target. The motivation for the work was to reduce the problem of developing interfaces for the host-PC. This work is justified by the increased need of host side software, which can be used to communicate with an embedded target using a variety of communication interfaces. This work provides a simplified interface solution for three major communication protocols that can be used by developers with reasonable software design skills. A multithreaded application has been further developed to address the implementation of these interfaces.
Relationship between knee and ankle degeneration in a population of organ donors

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative condition of synovial joints in response to both internal and external factors. The relationship of OA in one joint of an extremity to another joint within the same extremity, or between extremities, has been a topic of interest in reference to the etiology and/or progression of the disease.
Modeling human left ventricle and aortic function using VisSim

Accurate prediction of cardiac output via non-invasive techniques has multiple applications in clinical care and research. Models developed for this purpose have typically not been able to function in real time on commonly available platforms. A real time model that can predict cardiac output for individual patients from signature data, such as the arterial pressure pulse, and can also accommodate cardiac instabilities may prove to be a useful tool. The initial goal of this project, reported here, was to develop a model of the left ventricle and aorta (in the immediate vicinity of the left ventricle) which responds appropriately to variations in significant physical variables. Model development was based upon standard fluid statics and dynamics principles for predicting flow and pressure; the pressure-volume characteristics of the cardiac cycle; and previously published empirical relationships for elasticity and pressure decay. The phases of the cardiac cycle provided both the physical and logical model structure, with Boolean algebra used to link model sections. The model was implemented using VisSim, a modeling software package which uses a block diagram language which is easily learned and highly intuitive. Model predictions of left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, ventricular volume, and cardiac output were compared to published curves for healthy individuals. These comparisons suggest that the prototype model closely approximates expected behavior of the variables examined. In its present form, the model responds in a plausible manner to variations of independent variables. Detailed comparisons to clinical data have, however, not yet been performed. The present model represents only a first step toward a reliable real time model of left ventricle output. Although largely mechanistic, there is a significant empirical component which may ultimately create difficulty. Certain of the mechanistic relationships used may also prove simplistic. A detailed comparison with clinical data must be undertaken as a second step to evaluate the model's sensitivity to individual variation. Further model refinement will likely require use of more complex computational solutions. As hardware capability continues to improve, there is reason to hope that this approach may ultimately yield reliable predictions in real time.
Successful Treatment of Ceftazidime-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Ventriculitis with Intravenous Meropenem and Intraventricular Polymyxin B: Case Report and Review

Increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms has led to a rise in clinically significant infections with these organisms and an increasing therapeutic dilemma. We present a case of a neurosurgical patient who developed ventriculoperitoneal shunt-associated ventriculitis due to ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae susceptible to cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, and polymyxin B only. Successful management was accomplished by removal of the shunt and therapy with systemic meropenem and intraventricular polymyxin B. Rapid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sterilization occurred, with CSF bactericidal titers of 1:32 to 1:128. Polymyxin B should be considered as adjunctive therapy for life-threatening multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections. Prior literature on use of intrathecal polymyxin B in therapy for meningitis supports its potential efficacy.
Evolutionary soft co-clustering: formulations, algorithms, and applications

We consider the co-clustering of time-varying data using evolutionary co-clustering methods. Existing approaches are based on the spectral learning framework, thus lacking a probabilistic interpretation. We overcome this limitation by developing a probabilistic model in this paper. The proposed model assumes that the observed data are generated via a two-step process that depends on the historic co-clusters. This allows us to capture the temporal smoothness in a probabilistically principled manner. To perform maximum likelihood parameter estimation, we present an EM-based algorithm. We also establish the convergence of the proposed EM algorithm. An appealing feature of the proposed model is that it leads to soft co-clustering assignments naturally. We evaluate the proposed method on both synthetic and real-world data sets. Experimental results show that our method consistently outperforms prior approaches based on spectral method. To fully exploit the real-world impact of our methods, we further perform a systematic application study on the analysis of Drosophila gene expression pattern images. We encode the spatial gene expression information at a particular developmental time point into a data matrix using a mesh-generation pipeline. We then co-cluster the embryonic domains and the genes simultaneously for multiple time points using our evolutionary co-clustering method. Results show that the co-clusters of gene and embryonic domains reflect the underlying biology.
Evaluating the functional importance of secretive species: A case study of aquatic snake predators in isolated wetlands

Although the need to prioritize limited conservation resources has prompted increased interest in understanding the functional importance of species within ecosystems, species that are infrequently observed are often written off as being unimportant. In this study, we use aquatic snakes as a case study for examining the importance of secretive predators. Most snakes are extremely cryptic and secretive, traits that not only lead to the perception that they are rare, and of minor importance, but also impede attempts to quantify densities. We used high sampling effort and robust-design capture–recapture analyses to estimate density of aquatic snakes inhabiting an isolated 5.4-ha wetland in South Carolina, USA. We assessed snake diets and coupled field measurements of growth rates with laboratory-derived data on mass conversion efficiency to estimate prey consumption by snakes over a 1-year period. We found a peak density 171 snakes ha � 1 of wetland habitat, corresponding to a standing biomass of 7.77 kg ha � 1 . We calculated that snakes within the wetland consumed a total of over 200 kg (>55 000 individuals) of amphibian prey annually, translating into >150 000 kJ ha � 1 of energy flow from secondary to tertiary consumers within the wetland food web. Further, because many amphibians are primarily terrestrial as adults and are consumed by aquatic snakes only when they return to wetlands to breed, snakes can be responsible for substantial transfer of energy and biomass between terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Our study is one of the first comprehensive evaluations of the importance of snakes as predators and underscores the need to consider snakes in initiatives aimed at preserving overall ecosystem integrity.
Don't Gamble with the U.K. Bribery Act

Those transacting with the U.K. — beware. On July 1, 2011, the U.K. Bribery Act 2010 went into effect, mandating a "zero tolerance policy" for bribery. While the Bribery Act is quite similar to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the Bribery Act has broadened its influence to areas the FCPA has never seen, expanding its extraterritorial reach and applying its force to any corporation that conducts any “part of a business” — regardless of how tenuous the connection — in the U.K.The alleged bribe does not even have to take place on U.K. soil, nor do the parties have to be from the U.K. If one party's business has a “connection” to the U.K., that corporation can be subject to the Bribery Act’s jurisdiction and be held criminally liable in the U.K. With such a wide breadth, the Bribery Act will expose many U.S.-based corporations to potential liability. As such, international corporations need to be cognizant of the Bribery Act’s reach and implications.
Senior Power and the Medicare Trust Fund Crisis

Our system of government is predicated upon the belief that citizens can influence the outcome of political conflicts. Indeed, political participation is necessary for its proper functioning and the voices of these citizens must be equal so that the democratic ideal of equal responsiveness to the preferences and interests of all is not violated. Otherwise, political inequality exists and contradicts our desire for political justice. But what are the different forms of political inequality and how have they influenced our political institutions? While most of the work on political inequality has focused upon the distribution of money and its corresponding effects upon political influence, this paper seeks to explore the influence of another resource that is necessary for political participation: time. It is a disproportionate possession of time that has allowed the elderly to gain the political power that they currently possess and to rally collectively in order to increase the benefits that they receive from the government. Correspondingly, we find ourselves in a precarious situation whereby the Social Security and Medicare Trust Funds are rapidly approaching bankruptcy. What does a theory of political justice have to say about this situation and its potential solutions? This topic is explored throughout the paper. The first part of this paper is devoted to a study of political inequality in its theoretical form by addressing certain definitional issues and identifying its causes. The second portion reveals the political dominance of the elderly and its subsequent effects upon the distribution of government spending and poverty rates in the U.S. The third section reveals how this political power has set the stage for the impending insolvency of the Medicare and Social Security Trust Funds. The fourth section seeks to address the question of whether or not this political efficacy indeed constitutes political inequality and then attempts to determine the mechanism by which this inequality has evolved. Finally, the fifth portion returns to a discussion of the insolvency of Medicare and Social Security in an attempt to address potential solutions according to their fulfillment of the principles of political justice and proposes an alternative that does indeed compensate for the political inequality that caused this crisis in the first place.
Muskel Energie Technik (MET) – eine in der Humanosteopathie weit verbreitete Methode kommt in der Tiermedizin an

MET ist eine manuelle Behandlungsmethode, mit der eine somatische Dysfunktion mithilfe der aktiven Muskelarbeit des Patienten beeinflusst wird. Dies setzt zuallererst eine exakte Diagnosestellung voraus, fur die es im MET eine eigene Nomenklatur gibt. Richtig angewandt ist es eine fur den Patienten sehr angenehme Methode, die sich gut fur die Anwendung in der Veterinarosteopathie eignet. Dies soll auch anhand eines Fallbeispieles dargestellt werden.
Terrorismo e Islamismo no Sudeste Asiático (Terrorism and Islamism in the Southeast Asia)

Portuguese Abstract: O terrorismo tomou um facies no Sudeste Asiatico adaptado ao resurgimento de uma fe islâmica de conteudo politico que contrasta com a natureza tolerante e a religiosidade proselita que torna esta regiao um caso especial no mundo do Islao. A radicalizacao de grupos e usualmente explicada pela sua obediencia (e filiacao) no grupo Al Qaeda e a sua ideologia expasionista mas incorpora singularidades locais transformando cada nacao asiatica e cada grupo islâmico local um caso separado. Os lideres destas organizacoes terroristas sao disciplinados, bem preparados ideologica e militarmente com excelentes relacoes com as pricipais organizacoes teologicas er pietistas islâmicas e o seu clero. Parte da ideologia deste grupos pode ser ancorada ao programa politico das campanhas anticoloniais durantes os anos 60 e outra parte a filiacao marxista das celulas fundadoras. Com o tempo, contudo, eles tornaram-se nacionalistas e de afirmacao etnico-racica. A Indonesia merece uma atencao especial nesta perspectiva como o nucleo central e a fonte da segunda vaga de terrorismo islâmico depois do 11/9 e dos atentados terroristas do Mumbai. O artigo analisa os mais importantes grupos terroristas da Regiao Asia-Pacifico e as suas ramificacoes internacionais e termina com um olhar critico sobre a cooperacao muito incipiente entre os paises asiaticos no contexto da ASEAN e da cooperacao militar e de seguranca Estados Unidos-Asia. English Abstract: Terrorism takes a look in Southeast Asia that is adapted to the renaissance of the political-driven Islamic faith but antagonizes the pattern of tolerance and religious 'proselytizism' that makes this continent a special case in the World of the Islam. The radicalisation of the groups is usually explained by their obedience to Al Qaeda organisation and its expansionist doctrine but incorporates an autonomous facies making each Asian nation and each local islamic organisation a case. The leaders of these terrorist organisations are disciplined, well prepared and with fine connections within the Muslim biggest religious organisations and its clergy. Part of the ideology of these groups may be explained by the benchmarks of the anticolonial campaigns during the 60s, and some credit may be given to the Marxist orientation of the founding cells. With time, however, they became nationalist and ethnic-centered groups. Indonesia deserves a special place, in this regard, as the core and the source of the second wave of Islamic terrorism after the 9/11 and the Mumbai terrorist attacks. The article goes through the Asia-Pacific Groups most important terrorist organisations and their international ramifications and closes with a look at the embryonic bilateral cooperation between Asian countries within the framework of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and US-Asia cooperation.
Evaluation and Analysis on Measurement Uncertainty with DC High Voltage and High Value Resistors

In order to solve the problems of verification traceability in high voltage and high value resistor and ensure accurate and reliable transfer value during the calibration,this paper evaluates the standard uncertainty of high voltage and high value resistor based on an example,and verifies the assessment results by means of comparison test.This paper can supply references for the standard uncertainty of same type of the units,enhance the practicality of standard uncertainty.
Family Perceptions of the Sntra-aortic Balloon Pumping Experience

Much has been written regarding care of balloon-pumped patients; however, little has been published regarding the information and educational needs of their families. This author undertook a personal interview survey of 26 balloon-pumped patient family members. Most respondents knew that the intra-aortic balloon “helped the heart,‘’ but they also revealed many misconceptions. Family members wanted additional information, but were unsure of what questions to ask. The results of this survey interview suggest that the balloon-pumped patients’ family members are not adequately informed about the intended therapeutic effects of balloon counterpulsation. The author recommends therefore that methods of instruction be established to meet their educational needs.
Getting Out and Afterwards

Given the variety of conditions and challenges that confront peacekeepers, there is no standard definition of success. Diehl notes that one way to define success is the fulfillment of the PKO’s mandate. He points out, however, that mandates are vague and focusing on them exclusively ignores the common purposes of PKOs and limits comparisons between them. He believes better indicators of success are whether the PKO limited or prevented hostilities and succeeded at conflict resolution.1
Phenytoin and Folic Acid

The pharmacokinetics of phenytoin (PHT) before and after administration of 1 and 5 mg of folic acid is reported from the Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City and University of Health Sciences/The Chicago Medical School, Chicago, IL.
A Variational Framework for Image Super-Resolution and Its Applications

Image super-resolution is the process of combining multiple images into a single image that has higher resolution than any of the original images. We present a variational framework for fusing multiple co-registered images using the Total Variation (TV) and Mumford-Shah regularizations. We also propose an alternating minimization strategy for aligning and fusing multiple images in the case when the co-registration parameters are unknown. We discuss applications to video enhancement and present two novel applications to barcode scanning and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
A Relational Approach for Pathway Analysis

The relationship between interacting proteins can be represented using graphical network models. Comparison of models of similar protein networks can reveal important information about conserved protein interactions. The problem of determining conserved pathways between protein interaction networks are challenging and for large protein interaction networks are very computationally intensive. This paper developed and implemented a new relational approach for pathway analysis between protein interaction networks. Compared with the current known approaches, this relational approach is very computationally efficient.
Left Ventricular Twist and Torsion: Research Observations and Clinical Applications

A 52-year-old white man visited his physician because he started experiencing shortness of breath on walking short distances at ground level. He had smoked half a packet of cigarettes daily for 40 years. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 147/95 mm Hg. Chest examination and chest x-ray were unremarkable, and ECG showed left atrial abnormality. The patient had normal serum electrolytes, blood sugar, and kidney function tests. A stress echocardiogram was ordered to exclude potential coronary artery disease. His resting echocardiography showed an ejection fraction (EF) of 60%, normal septal and posterior wall thickness, and mild diastolic dysfunction (septal early diastolic mitral annular velocity [e′] of 7 cm/s, early diastolic [E wave] to late diastolic [A wave] transmitral Doppler flow velocity ratio [E/A] of 1.4, E-wave deceleration time of 210 ms, E/e′ ratio of 9, and left atrial volume index of 44 mL/m2; Figure 1A). There were no resting segmental wall motion abnormalities suggestive of ischemia. The patient exercised on a treadmill using Bruce protocol for 4 minutes and 43 s, and achieved 6.6 metabolic equivalent of task and maximum heart rate of 148 bpm (88% of his maximum age predicted heart rate). At peak exercise, the patient developed severe dyspnea and his blood pressure was 213/90 mm Hg. Post exercise echocardiography was acquired within 1 minute of exercise termination and showed EF of 69% and no segmental wall motion abnormalities, with Doppler recordings obtained at recovering heart rate of 125 bpm; showing a septal e′ velocity of 7.3 cm/s, E/A of 1.9, E-wave deceleration time of 110 ms, and E/e′ of 13.7, left atrial volume index of 35 mL/m2 (Figure 1B). Ten minutes into the recovery period, the blood pressure returned to basal level (145/80 mm Hg). Compared with resting levels, the increased E/A ratio, shortened E-wave deceleration …
The influence of creative style and climate on software development team creativity: An exporatory study

Organizations implement innovative information technology (IT) applications to help them achieve competitive advantage. This exploratory research investigates the role of creative style and climate in work creativity on teams striving to develop innovative IT designs. Creative style was measured with the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Instrument (KAI), and creative climate and work creativity were measured with the Work Environment Inventory (WEI). As hypothesized, the study found 1) a positive relationships between creative style and work creativity, 2) a positive relationship between creative climate stimulants and work creativity, 3) a negative relationship between creative climate obstacles and work creativity, 4) no relationship between creative style and climate, and 5) that creative climate stimulants were significant determinants of work creativity. However, the hypothesis that creative style would predict work creativity was not supported. This research can help those developing innovative IT applica...
Development and prospect of hybrid japonica rice in China

The extension of hybrid japonica rice is of great significance to increase rice production and ensure grain security in China. The low productivity of parental materials and the narrow genetic distance between parents resulted in the insufficient superiority of hybrid japonica rice in China, and the yield of japonica rice cannot be improved significantly compared with that of conventional japonica rice. The low yield of hybrid seed production and few super japonica hybrid combinations directly limited the widely extension of hybrid japonica rice. In this paper, the history of development of japonica hybrid rice breeding in China was reviewed, including the discovery and utilization of sterile lines such as Dian type and BT type, as well as the breeding of hybrid japonica restorer lines (C57 and C418) with high combining ability via “ indica - japonica bridge” method. In addition, the key technology advances of increasing hybrid seed production of japonica rice and utilization of heterosis were summarized as following: (1) The increase of stigma exsertion rate and enhancement of stigma viability lead to high probability of successful fertilization, thus resulting in the increase of hybrid rice seed production. Significant correlations were showed between stigma exsertion rate and the ratio of floret length and width, stigma exsertion rate and column length, stigma exsertion rate and angle. Great progresses on stigma exsertion have been achieved from the studies on the genetic and molecular level (i.e marker-assisted selection). (2) To further increase the utilization of heterosis in hybrid japonica rice, the studies on heterotic groups and patterns for making hybrid combinations from the selection of superior parents in japonica rice were conducted. Based on the different heterotic groups of parental lines of japonica rice, several models for making hybrid combinations were proposed, including the model of heterosis complementation of indica and japonica rice, the model of the interactions of thermo-sensitive and photo-period-sensitive genes, and the model of grain structure complementation. These models emphasize comprehensive characteristics in rice breeding, including the utilization of indica - japonica intersubspecific heterosis, the applications of wide compatibility genes and restorer genes in rice, the anti-senility of leaves and roots, the applications of plant type such as large panicles and good grain-filling characteristics, and resistance for abiotic stress such as lodging resistance. Therefore, this study provides technical suggestions and strategies for further breeding and application of japonica hybrid rice.
Recent Advances in Iminyl Radical Cyclizations

Iminyl radical cyclizations have emerged as important tools for constructing five- and six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Both aromatic and nonaromatic ring systems are readily accessible from a variety of radical precursors. This short review focuses on recently discovered iminyl radical cyclizations. Methods that use heat, transition metals, or oxidants to generate the radicals are discussed, as are protocols employing either UV irradiation or visible light. Many of these newly developed procedures should be quite useful to the organic synthesis community due to their utilization of mild and convenient conditions. 1 Introduction 2 Generation of Iminyl Radicals via Thermolysis, Transition Metals, or Oxidants 2.1 Formation of Five-Membered Rings 2.2 Formation of Six-Membered Rings 3 Generation of Iminyl Radicals via UV Irradiation 3.1 Formation of Five-Membered Rings 3.2 Formation of Six-Membered Rings 4 Generation of Iminyl Radicals via Visible Light Irradiation 4.1 Formation of Five-Membered Rings 4.2 Formation of Six-Membered Rings 5 Conclusion
Laser-induced emission of ions and neutrals from the surfaces of transparent optical media

The mechanisms involved in the interaction of intense laser beams with the surfaces of transparent optical media have been difficult to study in a controlled manner. We found that a promising experimental approach to this problem is the study of laser-induced particle emission from clean surfaces in an ultrahigh-vacuum environment. An earlier study was reported on ion and electron emission from a number of insulators and wideband gap semiconductors.1 Multiphoton excitation apparently plays a role in the charged emission. We subsequently obtained evidence that the charged emission is caused by multiphoton ionization that takes place in a flux of emitted neutrals leaving the surface. The neutral emission component is, therefore, more directly related to the laser excitation of the surface.
Comments on the Review 'Biomarkers in acute kidney injury - pathophysiological basis and clinical performance' Acta Physiol 2017, 219, 556-574: an update on kidney localization of IGFBP7 and TIMP2.

In March of 2017, Acta Physiologica published a special series on renoprotection, and one of the publications in that series was a review entitled “Biomarkers in acute kidney injury – pathophysiological basis and clinical performance”. This review described very well the current understanding of the pathophysiology, cellular localization, and clinical performance of the most important currently proposed biomarkers of AKI, to include insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2). At the time that this review was accepted, no work had yet clearly identified the cellular localization of IGFBP7 and TIMP2 in the kidney, and that fact was correctly commented on in the review. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The intrinsically disordered N-terminal arm of the brome mosaic virus coat protein specifically recognizes the RNA motif that directs the initiation of viral RNA replication.

In the brome mosaic virus (BMV) virion, the coat protein (CP) selectively contacts the RNA motifs that regulate translation and RNA replication (Hoover et al., 2016. J. Virol. 90, 7748). We hypothesize that the unstructured N-terminal arm (NTA) of the BMV CP can specifically recognize RNA motifs. Using ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that peptides containing the NTA of the CP were found to preferentially bind to an RNA hairpin motif that directs the initiation of BMV RNA synthesis. RNA binding causes the peptide to change from heterogeneous structures to a single family of structures. Fluorescence anisotropy, fluorescence quenching and size exclusion chromatography experiments all confirm that the NTA can specific recognize the RNA motif. The peptide introduced into plants along with BMV virion increased accumulation of the BMV CP and accelerated the rate of minus-strand RNA synthesis. The intrinsically disordered BMV NTA could thus specifically recognize BMV RNAs to affect viral infection.
The Implementation of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy for the Treatment of Tourette Syndrome and Disruptive Behavior:

A diagnosis of Tourette syndrome (TS) can confer a plethora of negative outcomes including impaired psychosocial functioning, academic difficulties, disruptive behavior, and mood dysregulation. Fur...
Weight Stigma in Men: What, When, and by Whom?

OBJECTIVE This study assessed the weight stigma experiences of men, examining characteristics of men who experienced weight stigma versus men who did not. METHODS Data from three samples of men were examined (N = 1,513). Sample 1 consisted of men with obesity at elevated risk for weight stigma. Sample 2 comprised a convenience online panel. Sample 3 included men from a national online panel of US adults. Men in all samples completed almost identical questionnaires assessing demographics, anthropometrics, weight stigma, and dieting. RESULTS Approximately 40% of men reported experiencing weight stigma. Weight stigma was associated with increased odds of having a BMI consistent with underweight or obesity relative to normal weight. Verbal mistreatment was the most common form of weight stigma experienced across all life stages for men. The most common sources of weight stigma were peers, family members, and strangers. Men reporting weight stigma were younger and less likely to be married, had higher BMIs, and were more likely to have tried to lose weight in the past year relative to men not reporting weight stigma. CONCLUSIONS Understanding differences among men as a function of weight stigma is important for practitioners, as it can identify men who may most benefit from intervention.