cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Efficient computation of queueing delay at a network port from output link packet traces

Current Internet core routers provide enough buffer capacity at each output port to keep the link busy for 250 msec. to avoid disrupting TCP flows because of dropped packets. Since link speeds are rising much more quickly than the availability and cost-effectiveness of large high-speed memories, there is now significant interest in reducing these buffers. Queue inferencing (QI) — a passive, external method for calculating the time-dependent queue lengths and waiting times using start/end service event timestamps — is an ideal tool for studying the effects of such buffer size reductions because it can be applied in situ to packet traces collected from existing equipment carrying live traffic without any service disruptions. Although existing QI algorithms are too computationally expensive for this purpose, we observe that packet-sizes in a typical network trace are skewed towards a few “favored” sizes, and introduce two different methods for exploiting this property. First, since the output of a QI algorithm is a deterministic function of the service time sequence in a busy period, and our traces contain many repetitions of common packet-size sequences, we cache the output of the QI algorithm for later reuse. Second, we develop a new incremental QI algorithm, which can start from cached results for any prefix of the current busy period. Combining both methods leads us to structure the cache as a decision tree. Using network traces from WIDE project backbone to evaluate our method, we found that both the frequency of occurrence for particular busy periods and for busy-period lengths follow a decreasing power law, where busy periods lengths greater than 20 were very rare and none were greater than 70. Moreover, although we found that the size of the complete decision tree grows linearly with the length of the trace, we can restrict the tree to a finite number of “active” nodes (i.e., those nodes for which the probability of a visit is above some threshold) and use simple constant-time bounds to handle the rare exceptional cases.
Hybrid life-cycle environmental and cost inventory of sewage sludge treatment and end-use scenarios: a case study from China.

Sewage sludge management poses environmental, economic, and political challenges for wastewater treatment plants and municipalities around the globe. To facilitate more informed and sustainable decision making, this study used life-cycle inventory (LCI) to expand upon previous process-based LCIs of sewage sludge treatment technologies. Additionally, the study evaluated an array of productive end-use options for treated sewage sludge, such as fertilizer and as an input into construction materials, to determine how the sustainability of traditional manufacturing processes changes with sludge as a replacement for other raw inputs. The inclusion of the life-cycle of necessary inputs (such as lime) used in sludge treatment significantly impacts the sustainability profiles of different treatment and end-use schemes. Overall, anaerobic digestion is generally the optimal treatment technology whereas incineration, particularly if coal-fired, is the most environmentally and economically costly. With respect to slud...
Graph-Valued Regression

Undirected graphical models encode in a graph G the dependency structure of a random vector Y. In many applications, it is of interest to model Y given another random vector X as input. We refer to the problem of estimating the graph G(x) of Y conditioned on X = x as "graph-valued regression". In this paper, we propose a semiparametric method for estimating G(x) that builds a tree on the X space just as in CART (classification and regression trees), but at each leaf of the tree estimates a graph. We call the method "Graph-optimized CART", or Go-CART. We study the theoretical properties of Go-CART using dyadic partitioning trees, establishing oracle inequalities on risk minimization and tree partition consistency. We also demonstrate the application of Go-CART to a meteorological dataset, showing how graph-valued regression can provide a useful tool for analyzing complex data.
Clozapine for Schizophrenia: State Variation in Evidence-Based Practice

Clozapine is the only antipsychoticwith known efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Although 20% to 30% of individuals with schizophrenia have treatment-resistant conditions, clozapine accounts for only about 5% of their antipsychotic starts (1).We updated our previous analysis (2001–2005) by examining more recent (2006–2009) trends and patterns across 46 state Medicaid programs. Overall, clozapine accounted for 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]54.8%–4.9%) of antipsychotic use in schizophrenia, with a slight decline during this period: 5.7% (CI55.6%–5.8%) in 2006; 4.9% (CI54.8%–5.0%) in 2007; 4.6% (CI54.5%–4.6%) in 2008; and 4.3% (CI54.2%–4.4%) in 2009. Figure 1 shows substantial interstate variation. Clozapine was least commonly used in the Deep South and more commonly used in New England, the Rocky Mountain West, and Washington. The highest rate was in SouthDakota (15.6%, CI514.0%–17.2%) and the lowest in Louisiana (2.0%, CI51.9%–2.2%). Fiscal stress has been linked to lower clozapine use (2), as has inadequate staffing to monitor clozapine (3). The state variations are broadly consistent with known variations in overall Medicaid spending for disabled beneficiaries. Patient reluctance about blood monitoring and concerns over tolerability are unlikely to explain the variation. These findings underscore the need to determine the extent to which state variation can be explained by local practice environments or state policy factors. Interventions and policies are needed to promote appropriate clozapine treatment of Medicaid-insured patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
Practical Bounds on Image Denoising: From Estimation to Information

Recently, in a previous work, we proposed a way to bound how well any given image can be denoised. The bound was computed directly from the noise-free image that was assumed to be available. In this work, we extend the formulation to the more practical case where no ground truth is available. We show that the parameters of the bounds, namely the cluster covariances and level of redundancy for patches in the image, can be estimated directly from the noise corrupted image. Further, we analyze the bounds formulation to show that these two parameters are interdependent and they, along with the bounds formulation as a whole, have a nice information-theoretic interpretation as well. The results are verified through a variety of well-motivated experiments.
Psychopathy and Aggression: When Paralimbic Dysfunction Leads to Violence

Psychopaths can be alarmingly violent, both in the frequency with which they engage in violence and the gratuitous extent of their violent acts. Indeed, one principal utility of the clinical construct of psychopathy is in predicting future violent behavior in criminal offenders. Aggression is a complex construct that intersects psychopathy at many levels. This chapter provides a review of psychopathy as a clinical construct including the most prominent cognitive and neurobiological models, which serve to account for its pathophysiology. We then describe how the brain abnormalities implicated in psychopathy may lead to diverse behavioral outcomes, which can include aggression in its many forms.
A FT-IRAS study of ammonia adsorbed on Ru(0001)

Abstract The interaction between ammonia and Ru(0001) has been studied by means of Fourier-transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT-IRAS). Chemisorption of NH 3 on Ru(0001) enhances the IR cross section of the umbrella mode of the molecule. For the first adsorption layer, changes in the IR intensity of the umbrella mode correlate with variations in the orientation of the molecules observed in ESDIAD and work function measurements. Formation of hydrogen bonds between first- and second-layer NH 3 molecules reduces drastically the IR cross section of the umbrella mode of chemisorbed ammonia.
Deep-Seated Trichosporonosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report of Uterine Trichosporonosis

We report an unusual case of endometritis caused by Trichosporon beigelii in an elderly woman who had no clinically obvious immunosuppression nor even clinically obvious skin disease. No evidence of predisposing factors for deep trichosporonosis was identified in this patient, who apparently is of normal immune status.
PRESENCE OF PROLONGED DISPERSION OF QT INTERVALS IN LATE SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD ANTHRACYCLINE THERAPY

To determine the incidence of abnormal dispersion of QT intervals on an ECG the authors measured these intervals in long-term survivors after anthracycline treatment for childhood malignancies and compared the incidence to the traditional markers, prolonged QT and QTc intervals. Prolonged QT dispersion (QTd) and corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) have been associated with serious arrhythmias and sudden death in many forms of heart disease. The above intervals and shortening fraction (SF) on echocardiogram were determined in 64 late survivors who were 4-22 years post anthracycline therapy. They were divided into 2 groups: group I, 39 patients with normal function with SF &#83 29%, and group II, 15 patients with SF < 29%. An additional 10 patients had died and had SF < 29% at the time of death. They were divided into 2 groups: group III, 5 patients who died with heart failure after a mean of 12 years from of therapy, and group IV, 5 patients who had a sudden cardiac death after a mean of 9 years from end of the...
The effects of intracellular iontophoretic injection of calcium and sodium ions on the light response of Limulus ventral photoreceptors.

During intracellular iontophoretic injection of Ca++ into Limulus ventral photoreceptor cells, there is a progressive diminution of the light response. Following Ca++ injection, the size of the light response slowly recovers. Similarly, there is a progressive diminution of the light response during intracellular injection of Na+ and recovery after the injection is stopped. The rate of diminution during Na+ injection is greater for higher [Ca++]out. In solutions which contain 0.1 mM Ca++, there is nearly no progressive decrease in the size of the light response during Na+ injection. Intracellular injections of Li+ or K+ do not progressively decrease the size of the light response. We propose that an increase in [Na+]in leads to an increase in [Ca++]in and that an increase in [Ca++]in by any means leads to a reduction in responsiveness to light.
Adult Second Language Learners' Use of Private Speech: A Review of Studies

searchers in the field of applied linguistics have attempted to substantiate the validity of different theoretical perspectives. During the last decade or so, the cognitive approach to human learning has had a growing impact on second language acquisition theory. More and more, researchers are focusing their attention on the learner, investigating the role of conscious awareness in the acquisition process and examining what learners do in their efforts to understand how a second language (L2) functions as a linguistic system, how it is used in communicative situations as well as how learners attempt to gain control over both themselves and the learning situation. Much of this learner-centered research has at-
Design of a planar, closely spaced yagi antenna

The Yagi antenna is a standard antenna to achieve high gain in a very simple structure. The antenna is composed of a driver and parasitic elements including a reflector and one or more directors. Designs of the Yagi typically have element-to-element spacing on the order of 0.15lambda to 0.4lambda. For some applications, however, it is desirable to reduce this spacing to achieve a physically more compact size. Previously, we reported on a three- element Yagi antenna with very close element spacing (0.02lambda). The folding concept was used to overcome the low radiation resistance due to the close spacing. The resulting antenna design was evaluated for potential HF skywave applications. In this paper, we extend our work to make the previously reported planar, which may be desirable for such applications as RFID. For the driver, multi-folding is used to step up the radiation resistance to 50Omega . The antenna dimensions are optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) in conjunction with the numerical electromagnetics code (NEC) based on a wire implementation of the antenna. Two structures are investigated: a driver plus a reflector and a driver plus a director. Prototype structures are constructed and measured at 1 GHz.
A Customer Satisfaction Approach to Introducing Physical Distribution in the Principles of Marketing Course

Traditional presentations of physical distribution in a principles of marketing course commonly focus on the activities of distribution without effectively integrating them into the marketing mix. This article offers instructors an integrative framework for presenting physical distribution activities as a means of achieving desired levels of customer service and ultimately customer satisfaction.
Modeling and Flexibility in Problem-Solving:

To study the effect of modeling on flexibility in problem solving, 67 male and 74 female college students were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups: 3 modeling groups, which observed a model solving anagrams in a flexible or rigid manner, and 2 control groups. The results showed that Ss who observed a model solving anagrams in a variety of ways solved anagrams in a more varied manner than Ss in the other conditions. Further, all the modeling groups solved anagrams more flexibly than the two control groups.
Functionalized nanoparticles for measurement of biomarkers using a SERS nanochannel platform

The overall goal of this research is to develop a new point-of-care system for early detection and characterization of cardiac markers to aid in diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. The envisioned final technology platform incorporates functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles trapped at the entrance to a nanofluidic device providing a robust means for analyte detection at trace levels using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). To discriminate a specific biomarker, we designed an assay format analogous to a competitive ELISA. Notably, the biomarker would be captured by an antibody and in turn displace a peptide fragment, containing the binding epitope of the antibody labeled with a Raman reporter molecule that would not interfere with blood serum proteins. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, we used C-reactive protein (CRP) as a surrogate biomarker. We functionalized agarose beads with anti-CRP that were placed outside the nanochannel, then added either Rhodamine-6-G (R6G) labeled-CRP and gold (as a surrogate of a sample without analyte present), or R6G labeled CRP, gold, and unlabeled CRP (as a surrogate of a sample with analyte present). Analyzing the spectra we see an increase in peak intensity in the presence of analyte at characteristic peaks for R6G specifically, 1284 and1567 cm- 1. Further, our results illustrate the reproducibility of the Raman spectra collected for R6G-labeled CRP in the nanochannel. Overall, we believe that this method will provide the advantage of sensitivity and narrow line widths characteristic of SERS as well as the specificity toward the biomarker of interest.
A systematic method for functional unit power estimation in microprocessors

We present a new method for mathematically estimating the active unit power of functional units in modern microprocessors such as the Pentium 4 family. Our method leverages the phasic behavior in power consumption of programs, and captures as many power phases as possible to form a linear system of equations such that the functional unit power can be solved. Our experiment results on a real Pentium 4 processor show that power estimations attained as such agree with the measured power very well, with deviations less than 5% only.
Issues Confronting American Higher Education

Higher Education Quarterly Volume 42 no. 3, Summer 1988 0951-5224 $2.00 Issues Confronting American Higher Education David P. Gardner, University of California Abstract The American system of higher education - massive, decentralised, and diverse - faces a number of critical issues in the years immediately ahead. This paper consider: four of those issues — the impact of demographic change; the long-term implications for higher education of the national movement to reform secondary education; the growing interest in the character and quality of undergraduate education; and the role of universities, especially research universities, in economic development — and suggests a few of the directions American higher education may take in response to them. The American system of higher education is the largest, most complex, and most diverse in the world. It is also a system in transition, iust as the United States itself is undergoing rapid and pervasive change. As a result, a number of important issues are presently engaging the time, attention, and resources of those responsible for higher education, and engaging them with a remarkable degree of intensity and conoem. I would like to discuss four of those issues. I begin with a brief profile of American higher education: - The United States sponsors the largest system of higher education in the world. Approximately 3,300 American colleges and universities enrol some, l2.4 million full- and part-time students and employ roughly 694,000 faculty members. Although 55 per cent of these institutions are what we call private or independent colleges and universities, the maiority of students - 78 per cent of them — are enrolled in the public colleges and universities. - The nature and purposes of our colleges and universities are remarkably diverse. There are research-oriented universities, comprehensive uni- versities, liberal arts colleges, church-affiliated institutions, vocational schools, professional schools. and two-year community colleges, by way of example. Enrolment: range from a few hundred to the tens of thousands. -
Distributed throughput maximization in wireless mesh networks via pre-partitioning

This paper considers the interaction between channel assignment and distributed scheduling in multi-channel multi-radio Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). Recently, a number of distributed scheduling algorithms for wireless networks have emerged. Due to their distributed operation, these algorithms can achieve only a fraction of the maximum possible throughput. As an alternative to increasing the throughput fraction by designing new algorithms, we present a novel approach that takes advantage of the inherent multi-radio capability of WMNs. We show that this capability can enable partitioning of the network into subnetworks in which simple distributed scheduling algorithms can achieve 100% throughput. The partitioning is based on the notion of Local Pooling. Using this notion, we characterize topologies in which 100% throughput can be achieved distributedly. These topologies are used in order to develop a number of centralized channel assignment algorithms that are based on a matroid intersection algorithm. These algorithms pre-partition a network in a manner that not only expands the capacity regions of the subnetworks but also allows distributed algorithms to achieve these capacity regions. We evaluate the performance of the algorithms via simulation and show that they significantly increase the distributedly achievable capacity region. We note that while the identified topologies are of general interference graphs, the partitioning algorithms are designed for networks with primary interference constraints.
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage Progression in Patients Undergoing Repair of Persistent Cloaca.

Purpose: Children born with persistent cloaca undergo complex pelvic reconstruction early in life. Long-term risks of bladder dysfunction and chronic kidney disease are well described. We report upper urinary tract outcomes and the risk of chronic kidney disease stage progression in this patient population.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied a cohort of patients undergoing posterior sagittal anorecto-vagino-urethroplasty at a single institution from 2006 to 2013. Inclusion criteria consisted of complete urological care at our institution. Chronic kidney disease stage was calculated from cystatin C or nuclear medicine glomerular filtration rate.Results: A total of 44 patients met inclusion criteria. Of the patients 12 had undergone vesicostomy or ureterostomy. A total of 19 patients had hydronephrosis, 19 had vesicoureteral reflux and 15 had a tethered spinal cord. Median length of the common channel was 3.5 cm. Median age at posterior sagittal anorecto-vagino-urethroplasty was 7.3 months. Me...
Steganalysis using Noise Variance Estimation

Steganography is the art and science of hiding information in an innocuous medium. Digital imagery is a medium with specific noise characteristics. The devices used to capture a digital image, such as the charge coupled device (CCD) in a digital camera is designed to have a relatively small noise characteristic. This noise characteristic is often reduced by the compression used such as the JPEG standard, resulting in a very low noise media. The addition of steganography to the image has the effect of introducing changes to this "natural" image noise. This paper presents an approach to estimate and model the noise present in an image. Using this estimation, it is shown how steganography introduces detectable changes to this natural noise. This approach is demonstrated on three freely available but difficult to detect embedding techniques, F5, JSteg, and Model-based embedding, and show that it results in features that serve as statistically significant discriminators.
Lipid composition of lens plasma membrane fractions enriched in fiber junctions

Little is known about the lipid environment of lens fiber junctions, the plasma membrane structure proposed to be responsible for passage of low molecular weight metabolites between adjacent lens fiber cells. Plasma membranes of the ocular lens are especially rich in fiber junctions. The resistance of junctional domains to disruption by detergent or alkali treatment provides the opportunity to isolate a lens plasma membrane fraction enriched in fiber junctions. When examined by electron microscopy, the fiber junction fraction prepared from bovine lenses was enriched with junctional structures by about twofold when compared to total plasma membrane. We compared the protein, phospholipid, and cholesterol concentration of total plasma membrane with fiber junctional membrane from rat and cow lens and from aged normal cataractous human lenses. The principal finding was that junctional membrane contained 20-40% more total lipid than that of the total plasma membrane. This was due to a proportionate increase in the relative content (mg/mg protein) of both phospholipid and cholesterol. Exclusive of one exception (nucleus of bovine lens), the cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratios of the two fractions were similar. In the bovine nucleus, the cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio was substantially higher in the fiber junctional-enriched membrane fraction than in the total plasma membrane, suggesting a special association of cholesterol with bovine nuclear fiber junctions. The relative lipid compositions of the plasma membrane and fiber junction-enriched fractions from human normal and cataractous lenses were similar, suggesting that human senile cataractogenesis involves changes in the lens plasma membrane more subtle than would be reflected by gross changes in the membrane lipid composition.
Electronic transport in nanoparticle monolayers sandwiched between graphene electrodes

Graphene/CdSe nanoparticle monolayer/graphene sandwich structures were fabricated to explore the interactions between these layered materials. Electrical transport across these heterostructures suggests that transport is limited by tunneling through the nanoparticle (NP) ligands but not the NP core itself. Photoconductivity suggests ligands may affect the exciton separation efficiency.
Chemical Regulation of Pulmonary Airway Tone

Over the past three years, substantial progress has been made in dissecting out the role of each of these individual effector systems, namely, the leukotrienes, neuropeptides, and nitrogen oxides. The next major challenge is to understand how they function in an integrated fashion.
One-Dimensional Poisson Growth Models With Random and Asymmetric Growth

Suppose there is a Poisson process of points X i on the line. Starting at time zero, a grain begins to grow from each point X i , growing at rate A i to the left and rate B i to the right, with the pairs (A i , B i ) being i.i.d. A grain stops growing as soon as it touches another grain. When all growth stops, the line consists of covered intervals (made up of contiguous grains) separated by gaps. We show (i) a fraction 1/e of the line remains uncovered, (ii) the fraction of covered intervals which contain exactly k grains is (k−1)/k!, (iii) the length of a covered interval containing k grains has a gamma(k−1) distribution, (iv) the distribution of the grain sizes depends only on the distribution of the total growth rate A i +B i , and other results. Similar theorems are obtained for growth processes on a circle; in this case we need only assume the pairs (A i , B i ) are exchangeable. These results extend those of Daley, et al. (2000) who studied the case where A i =B i =1. Simulation results are given to illustrate the various theorems.
Reply the Gaps in Cardiac Rehabilitation Referral: The Elephant in the Room

We thank Drs. Tavella, Arstall, and Beltrame for their interest in our paper and for extending our findings regarding cardiac rehabilitation (CR) referral patterns after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [(1)][1] beyond the United States. Through analysis of the Coronary Angiogram Database of
Abstract 2723: Host response to HMTV

Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL Work from our laboratory demonstrated the presence of retroviral sequences homologous to the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in a large proportion of human breast cancers. These observations have been confirmed by others. A 660 bp sequence of the MMTV env gene, with no significant homology to any viral or human sequence reported in the GenBank, has been found in 40% of the U.S. human breast cancers studied. This sequence is expressed in most of the env positive tumors, and is not detected in the normal breast tissue of patients with env positive carcinomas, indicating its exogenous origin. A complete provirus structure with 95% homology to MMTV has been described and designated as human mammary tumor virus (HMTV). Betaretroviral particles from primary cultures of breast cancer cells (MSSM) have been isolated and characterized. Virion RNA is more than 90% homologous to MMTV RNA and to the HMTV proviral DNA previously identified. To find out if these particles were infectious, co-culture experiments between MSSM cells and normal human epithelial breast cells, B and T human lymphocytes and human dendritic cells were performed. The results demonstrated that the recipient human cells became infected with HMTV. However, protein expression was only observed in 10-15% of the infected cells by FACS analysis suggesting the presence of an innate resistance to HMTV in human cells. We have then investigated whether human APOBEC and TRIM proteins are implicated in resistance to HMTV expression. The results indicated that APOBEC G and F, TRIM 5, 21 and 25 are all highly expressed in HMTV cells as measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Additional molecular changes seen in infected cells are disruption of the cytoskeleton and evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Since expression of an endogenous retrovirus (HERV-K) env gene has been reported to be upregulated in human breast cancers we have also investigated its expression in HMTV-infected cells, primary MSSM cells and breast tumors by quantitative RT PCR. The results indicated that in all instances where HMTV was present, expression of HERV-K (HML-2) was less than the control counterpart. In conclusion, HMTV is able to infect a variety of cells bringing about striking molecular changes. Whether these changes play a role in tumorigenesis remains to be shown. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2723. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2723
Predicting Graduation from a Police Academy with the Kuder Occupational Interest Survey

Vocational guidance tests appear to be of little use for predicting success in the training academy (e.g., DuBois & Watson, 1950). The present study was designed to explore their usefulness in a modern training academy. 115 male state police recruits who graduated from a training academy were compared with 24 who resigned or who were dismissed for their scores on the Kuder Occupational Interest Survey, Form DD (Kuder, 1970) which provides scores for 77 occupations and 29 college majors. The two groups differed significantly at the 5 O/o level on only one of the 77 occupational scales, that for radio station manager, and one significant result in 77 comparisons is very likely to be due to chance. In particular, the two groups did not differ in their scores on the police officer scale (respective means 0.46 and 0.43, SDs = 0.09 and 0.10, t = 1.53, df = 137, p = 0.13). The two groups differed significantly on three of the 29 college majors: those graduating scored higher on physical education (means 0.51 and 0.47, t = 2.04, p = 0.04), US air force cadet (0.46 and 0.42, t = 1.99, p = 0.05), and US military cadet (0.45 and 0.40, r = 2.14, p = 0.03). The mean score for those graduating was higher on 75 of the 77 occupational scales and on all 29 college major scales. Each subject was scored for how many college major scales he was below the average of all 139 subjects. These scores failed to differentiate the two groups (mean scores 13.2 and 15.5, r = 0.89). Thus, this study produced no evidence to indicate that the Kuder Occupational Interest Survey would help predict success in graduating from a police training academy.
Recurrent Polyserositis (Familial Mediterranean Fever) in a Japanese

A 36-year-old male of pure Japanese ancestry presented with a classical 20-year history of Recurrent Polyserositis manifested by self-limited attacks of fever plus pleuritis, peritonitis or arthritis. These attacks were completely suppressed by daily prophylactic colchicine, but recurred when the drug was briefly discontinued. For the past 10 years he has been on 1.2 mg of colchicine daily and has had no further febrile attacks. Although several cases of periodic or cyclic febrile disorders in patients of Japanese ancestry have been cited in the literature, the patient described here appears to satisy the required criteria for a diagnosis of Recurrent Polyserositis in a Japanese.
Abraham Briloff and his legacy

In the profession of public accounting, there lies tremendous responsibility in the hands of auditors. External users must be able to place their trust in auditors because this financial information is essential to their decision making process. During the mid to late 1900s, Abraham Briloff, a professor, professional accountant and author saw the unethical activity that was carried out by accountants in relation to financial statement auditing. Briloff also had issues with the governance and principles that were implemented in overseeing public accounting. This paper will examine the manner in which Briloff carried out his criticism. Briloff's criticism was completely necessary, as much of what he attacked had been changed and exists as an element of current accounting regulation. After the surge of several recent corporate accounting scandals, accounting regulation and its development has become highly important to the public. The importance of regulation and advancement will also be discussed.
A prospective randomized clinical trial of the use of fluoroscopy in obtaining femoral arterial access

': Background. There is no consensus on the utility of fluoroscopy in obtaining common femoral artery (CFA) access. Methods. Patients weighing 30 kg/m 2 . Clinical characteristics and procedural factors were similar among the two groups with the exception that fewer needle passes were required and access was achieved faster in the palpation group. Arterial puncture over the femoral head occurred in 91% of the palpation group versus 95% of the palpation + fluoroscopy group (p = 0.27). Successful CFA puncture occurred in 85% of the palpation group versus 90% of the palpation + fluoroscopy group (p = 0.49). Cannulation of the external iliac artery occurred in 1 patient in each group, whereas arterial puncture distal to the CFA bifurcation occurred in 16 (15%) of the palpation group and in 9 (9%) of the palpation + fluoroscopy group (p = 0.33). Conclusion. In this single-center, randomized trial, the use of fluoroscopy did not increase the probability of arterial puncture over the femoral head or the rate of successful CFA cannulation.
Ultrastructure and DNA Fragmentation Analysis of Arterioles in Swine Infected with Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli

Shiga toxins (Stx) produced by E. coli are potent cytotoxins that affect the vascular system. In humans, systemic toxemia causes renal glomerular damage manifested as hemolytic uremic syndrome. In swine, Stx-producing E. coli (STEC) cause edema disease that is characterized microscopically by segmental arteriolar smooth muscle cell (SMC) lesions. Our objectives were to characterize ultrastructurally and by TUNEL the type of death (apoptosis or necrosis) that occurs in SMCs during edema disease. Increased DNA fragmentation consistent with apoptosis was detected by TUNEL in arterioles of challenged pigs 14–15 days post inoculation. Ultrastructurally 3 grades of SMC lesions were distinguished: 1) Partial loss of SMCs, intercellular space filled with granular cellular debris admixed with membrane bound vacuoles; 2) Complete loss of SMCs; only granular cellular debris and clear vacuoles remained within basement membrane; 3) Inflammation of media; SMCs replaced by a rim of cellular debris located in the periphery of vessel wall. The most common lesion detected was grade 1 (9 ilea and 4 brains). We did not find apoptotic nuclear changes in SMCs or apoptotic inclusion bodies within resident cells. Our study indicates, that (1) Stx produced during edema disease does not cause SMC apoptosis 14–15dpi; (2) SMCs undergo an array of changes from degeneration to necrosis.
Influence of globus pallidus on arm movements in monkeys. II: Effects of stimulation

The effect of changing basal ganglia activity with electrical stimulation in and around the globus pallidus (GP) was studied in monkeys trained to make rapid arm-reaching movements to a visual target in a reaction time task. As was the case following kainic acid (KA) lesions of the globus pallidus (30), stimulation changed movement times (MT) without affecting the pattern of sequential activation of muscles involved in the task or, in most cases, the reaction times (RT). Stimulation in the ventrolateral internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) or in the ansa lenticularis reduced movement times, whereas stimulation at many sites in the external pallidal segment (GPe), dorsal GPi, and putamen increased movement times for the contralateral arm. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that arm movements are speeded up when the critical output of GPi is increased and arm movements are slowed down when critical GPi output is reduced, either by an inhibitory process (via stimulation-induced activation of inhibitory elements presynaptic to GPi) or by destroying GPi neurons (via kainic acid). The influence of the basal ganglia on the scaling of electromyographic (EMG) amplitude, as opposed to the spatiotemporal organization of EMG activation, is discussed.
An electrode configuration for dielectric breakdown tests, particularly at radio frequencies

The most important point in the evaluation of the life of an insulating material under different frequencies is to maintain a uniform condition of breakdown. Life of a specimen based on the values including those of edge failures is not reliable.
Labor Economics and Higher Education

In this chapter, we show how labor economics can be useful in gaining a better understanding of the economic status of the academic profession. Although it is common to make reference to “the academic labor market for faculty” as if it were a single market, in fact academia should be viewed as having a series of interrelated, yet separate, labor markets for faculty in each field/discipline. We begin by presenting some background information on labor economics and it connection to higher education. We then turn to the macro-level view of academic labor markets, by first outlining the issues that affect the demand for faculty labor by institutions, and then the supply of faculty labor by individuals. When these two forces are combined, they determine the going wage rate for faculty within a field and the number of individuals who will be employed. The next part of the chapter discusses the micro-level view of academic labor markets through the notion of human capital as it relates to faculty, and then uses this framework to explore some of the reasons why faculty pay and employment status varies across individuals. In the Extension section, we examine economic issues surrounding the use of non-tenure-track faculty in higher education. Finally, the Policy Focus addresses the economic issues and implications of how faculty use social media in their work.
Passports of Convenience

My fellow countryman Ian Rush described his time playing football for Juventus as like living in a foreign country. Although he was widely mocked for making this observation, I can attest that Rushie was right as I had myself made the journey to live in Italy as a teenager. The history of sport is replete with cases of successful athletes who move away from home yet struggle to adjust to their life in a new country. Bale’s (1991) work on the migration of athletes to universities in the US is a particularly good example to illustrate this. While professional athletes like Rush, and an ever increasing number of rugby players, had moved to test their skills, and experience greater financial recompense, many others have moved nations to increase their chances of attaining international honours in the game and of performing for a national team other than the country in which they were born.
Genomic profiling of breast cancer in African American women.

11054 Background: Molecular profiling of breast cancer (BC) identifies intrinsic subtypes with distinct gene expression and clinical characteristics. In the US, BC is less frequent in African-Ameri...
Vortex Signature Identification in Surface Pressure Distributions Using Crease Detection Techniques

The aerodynamic performances of many devices are influenced by vortical flow structures. Methods to identify and track these features are necessary for characterizing the flowfield, and robust detection methods could be exploited as an aerodynamic flow control sensor. This paper details a new approach to detect and track near-wall vortices by applying crease detection methods to locate their signatures in a wall static pressure field. The method is used to locate vortex signatures in pressure-sensitive paint measurements on the upper surface of a delta wing and to track the movement of a vortex downstream of a micro vortex generator using a grid of discrete pressure taps. The latter case demonstrates that the position of a near-wall vortex could be tracked experimentally using a coarse wall pressure distribution.
Detection and enumeration of circulating tumor cells with invasive phenotype

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) disseminate from solid primary cancers into the peripheral blood and lymphatic vessels and can lead to metastatic tumor development; thus, CTC assays are an important clinical tool for monitoring progression and evaluating prognosis in cancer. However, CTCs are limited in number and heterogeneous in their biological and physical properties, making their detection, isolation, and enumeration a major challenge. To overcome these difficulties, novel techniques have been developed to detect and enumerate CTCs with an invasive phenotype. In this chapter, we will summarize these recently developed methods and detail two novel methods for capturing and enriching CTCs on the basis of their viability and their invasive properties.
Comparing the Major Definitions of Mathematics Pedagogical Content Knowledge.

The purpose of this research was to compare two definitions and assessments of Mathematics Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). As part of a larger study, nine current and future teachers took an online version of the Measures of Knowledge for Teaching (MKT) - Mathematics assessment and the Cognitively Activating Instruction in Mathematics (COACTIV) assessment. Participants answered questions that demonstrated their understanding of students’ misconceptions, ability to utilize multiple representations and methods, and knowledge of materials that they may be using for instruction. The data were analyzed, and the results indicate that teachers’ scores on these two tests are correlated, but that the individual areas of knowledge were not.
Change in Thinking Demands for Students Across the Phases of a Science Task: An Exploratory Study

Science education communities around the world have increasingly emphasized engaging students in the disciplinary practices of science as they engage in high levels of reasoning about scientific ideas. Consistently, this is a critical moment in time in the USA as it goes through a new wave of science education reform within the context of Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). We argue that the placement of high demands on students’ thinking (i.e., a high level of thinking) in combination with positioning students to use disciplinary practices as they try to make sense of scientific ideas (i.e., a deep kind of thinking) constitute critical aspects of the reform. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and describe the kinds and levels of thinking in which students engage when they are invited to think and reason as demanded by NGSS-aligned curricular tasks. Our analysis of video records of classrooms in which an NGSS-aligned, cognitively demanding task was used, revealed many ways in which the aspirational level and kind of student thinking will not be met in many science classrooms. We propose a way of characterizing and labeling the differences among these kinds and levels of thinking during the implementation of a reform-based biology curriculum. These categories, which focus on two important features emphasized in the NGSS, can help us to better understand, diagnose, and communicate issues during the implementation of high-level tasks in science classrooms.
Quality Function Deployment: Integrating Customer Requirements into Product Design

(1993). Quality Function Deployment: Integrating Customer Requirements into Product Design. Journal of Quality Technology: Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 63-64.
A low EVM SiGe BiCMOS 40–100 GHz Direct Conversion IQ Modulator for Multi-Gbps Communications Systems

This paper presents a 40–100 GHz wideband direct conversion IQ modulator with IQ correction capability and flip-chip packaging in GF8HP 0.12pm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The modulator chip covers Q-, V-, E-, and W-bands and is flipped on a low-cost RF board for connectorized measurements. The measured IQ modulator conversion gain is 5–8 dB at 40–100 GHz with an OP1dB of −2 to −5 dBm. A single-sideband (SSB) rejection higher than 42 dBc and an LO leakage rejection better than 35 dBc is measured. A 64-QAM modulated waveform with a data rate of 12 Gb/s (2Gbaud/s) and 2.4% error vector magnitude (EVM) is successfully demonstrated at 72 GHz. To our knowledge, this modulator achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of bandwidth, wideband SSB rejection, and EVM at multi-Gbps data rate, and with applications in millimeter-wave high data-rate 5G systems.
Welcome to the NASA High Performance Computing and Communications Computational Aerosciences (CAS) Workshop 2000

The purpose of the CAS workshop is to bring together NASA's scientists and engineers and their counterparts in industry, other government agencies, and academia working in the Computational Aerosciences and related fields. This workshop is part of the technology transfer plan of the NASA High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program. Specific objectives of the CAS workshop are to: (1) communicate the goals and objectives of HPCC and CAS, (2) promote and disseminate CAS technology within the appropriate technical communities, including NASA, industry, academia, and other government labs, (3) help promote synergy among CAS and other HPCC scientists, and (4) permit feedback from peer researchers on issues facing High Performance Computing in general and the CAS project in particular. This year we had a number of exciting presentations in the traditional aeronautics, aerospace sciences, and high-end computing areas and in the less familiar (to many of us affiliated with CAS) earth science, space science, and revolutionary computing areas. Presentations of more than 40 high quality papers were organized into ten sessions and presented over the three-day workshop. The proceedings are organized here for easy access: by author, title and topic.
Video-Based Depression Level Analysis by Encoding Deep Spatiotemporal Features

As a serious mood disorder problem, depression causes severe symptoms that affect how people feel, think, and handle daily activities, such as sleeping, eating, or working. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed to estimate the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) values from video data, which uses a 3D convolutional neural network to automatically learn the spatiotemporal features at two different scales of the face regions. Then, a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is used to learn further from the sequence of the spatiotemporal information. This formulation, called RNN-C3D, can model the local and global spatiotemporal information from consecutive face expressions, in order to predict the depression levels. Experiments on the AVEC2013 and AVEC2014 depression datasets show that our proposed approach is promising, when compared to the state-of-the-art visual-based depression analysis methods.
A Forensic Accounting Program Emphasis: One School’s Response to the Crises in Accounting and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

This paper presents the experiences of one School of Accountancy as it develops and incorporates a new accounting program emphasis in forensic accounting into its business curriculum. The paper provides an overview of the decision-making process that was used to create the new forensic accounting program emphasis. Factors that motivated its creation are identified. The paper then traces the development and implementation of the program. The final section of the paper presents the culmination of the strategic process: the creation, adoption and implementation of a comprehensive forensic accounting program emphasis. The final curricula for three distinct forensic accounting options are presented: (1) an interdisciplinary minor in fraud examination, 2) a second discipline (concentrated area of study) in forensic accounting, and (3) the forensic accounting concentration within the existing Masters of Accountancy program.
Plasma Formed by Dual-Filament Interaction

The filament plasma resulting from the interaction between two co-propagating beams, separated by 180 and 280 µm, was characterized for different energy distributions – two subcritical beams, one subcritical beam with one filament, and two filaments.
The divided city: poverty and prosperity in urban America

The Divided City by Alan Mallach “is a story of what has really been going on in America’s older industrial cities since the turn of the millennium, why it is happening, [and] what that means for t...