cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Influence of storage time on vitrified human cleavage-stage embryos froze in open system.

AbstractBackground: During in vitro fertilization, rapid growth of vitrification and liquid nitrogen storage of embryos have been well characterized. However, the effect of storage time on vitrified cleavage-stage embryos in an open system is poorly understood.Aims: To investigate the influence of storage time on the survival and pregnancy outcomes of vitrified human cleavage-stage embryos froze and stored in an open system.Methods: A retrospective study of 786 vitrified-warmed cycles of 735 patients was performed from January 2013 to October 2013. The cycles were divided into five groups according to storage time: 1–3 months, 4–6 months, 7–12 months, 13–24 and 25–60 months. The clinical outcomes of cycles with different storage time were analyzed.Results: There were no significant differences of the survival rate, clinical pregnancy outcomes, birth rate, gestational weeks and singleton birthweights at various storage times.Conclusion: For vitrified embryos froze and stored in an open system, the storage ...
‘What is Liberty without Universal Toleration’: Blake, Homosexuality, and the Cooperative Commonwealth

Among William Blake’s marginalia are his comments on Henry Boyd’s Historical Essay of the State of Affairs in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: With respect to the History of Florence, one of several extended essays Boyd attached to his English translation of Dante’s Inferno. 1 Blake took particular exception to Dante’s politics — ‘Dante gives too much [to] Caesar he is not a Republican’ — and to Boyd’s support for state-imposed religious uniformity, to which Blake ripostes, ‘What is Liberty without Universal Toleration[?]’ (E634-35).2 In this essay, I take Blake’s remark as an emblem for his shifting attitudes toward female and male homosexuality.3
Factors Influencing the Efficacy of Aerobic Exercise for Improving Fitness and Walking Capacity After Stroke: A Meta-Analysis With Meta-Regression.

Abstract Objective To assess the influence of dosing parameters and patient characteristics on the efficacy of aerobic exercise (AEX) poststroke. Data Sources A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and Academic Search Complete. Study Selection Studies were selected that compared an AEX group with a nonaerobic control group among ambulatory persons with stroke. Data Extraction Extracted outcome data included peak oxygen consumption ( V ˙ o 2 peak) during exercise testing, walking speed, and walking endurance (6-min walk test). Independent variables of interest were AEX mode (seated or walking), AEX intensity (moderate or vigorous), AEX volume (total hours), stroke chronicity, and baseline outcome scores. Data Synthesis Significant between-study heterogeneity was confirmed for all outcomes. Pooled AEX effect size estimates (AEX group change minus control group change) from random effects models were V ˙ o 2 peak, 2.2mL⋅kg −1 ⋅min −1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3–3.1mL⋅kg −1 ⋅min −1 ); walking speed, .06m/s (95% CI, .01–.11m/s); and 6-minute walk test distance, 29m (95% CI, 15–42m). In meta-regression, larger V ˙ o 2 peak effect sizes were significantly associated with higher AEX intensity and higher baseline V ˙ o 2 peak. Larger effect sizes for walking speed and the 6-minute walk test were significantly associated with a walking AEX mode. In contrast, seated AEX did not have a significant effect on walking outcomes. Conclusions AEX significantly improves aerobic capacity poststroke, but may need to be task specific to affect walking speed and endurance. Higher AEX intensity is associated with better outcomes. Future randomized studies are needed to confirm these results.
Thermally stimulated currents in haloed XLPE cable insulation

Direct buried distribution cables insulated with crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) very often exhibit one or more halos. The halo is service induced and consists of microvoids filled with water. On viewing a cross section of the cable these microvoids will be found concentrated in concentric circular regions, hence the name halos. In order to examine the effects of the halo on the properties of the insulation, thin slices cut from the haloed and nonhaloed regions were prepared for thermally stimulated current measurements. The results indicated that material cut from the haloed regions contains a higher concentration of trapping sites than does material cut from halo free regions. Throughout the temperature range, −80 to +100°C the thermally stimulated current is greater for the haloed material. A sharp peak is observed at 30°C and a broader peak at around 0°C. The measurements are made on thin samples in a high vacuum. For this reason, it is unlikely that the microvoids were filled with water at the time of the measurements. These results are attributed to a defect introduced by the water intrusion, but not with the water itself.
On Reduced Complexity Decoding Algorithms for STBC-MTCM in Fast Fading Channels

STBC-MTCM scheme which achieves high rate, full diversity and large coding gains is an outstanding example of transmit diversity scheme for multiple-antenna system. In the case of time selective fast fading (TSFF) or frequency selective fading (FSF) channels, the performance of current existing STBC-MTCM decoder suffers from an irreducible error floor. In this paper, we present two computational efficient decoding algorithms: zero-forcing (ZF) detector and linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) detector to combat the fast fading channels. The proposed decoding algorithms provide a robust performance across range of channel conditions from quasi-static (slow) fading to TSFF or FSF. Simulation results suggest that our proposed decoding algorithms have near Maximum-Likelihood (ML) performance while being computational more efficient.
When anxiety attacks

Terian Koscik describes her book as a way of sharing her experiences of living with anxiety and of her personal journey of accessing therapy. It is an immediate attention grabber with a bright and ...
CT and MR Imaging of the Pediatric Temporal Bone: Normal Variants and Pitfalls

This article will discuss high-resolution CT (HRCT) and MRI of the pediatric temporal bone with a focus on variant anatomy that can mimic pathology or affect surgical planning, as well as some potential pitfalls in image interpretation. The latest research shows that with improving imaging technology, there is better visualization of temporal bone structure, both normal and abnormal, on HRCT and MRI. Examples include earlier detection of cochlear obstruction in labyrinthitis ossificans with MRI, the ability to better define ossicular chain abnormalities, and the identification of pericochlear lucency in children without hearing loss. Advances in temporal bone imaging have contributed to a greater understanding of normal anatomy as well as temporal bone pathology and its implications for treatment and surgical planning. It is clear that correlation of imaging findings with clinical and surgical findings will be an essential part of future research.
Human Capital Investments and the Marriage Market

I provide a dynamic equilibrium framework to simultaneously study human capital investments and the marriage market. A set of variables is endogenously determined: investments, income, marriage-age, marriage matching, and the division of marriage surplus. I prove equilibrium existence with Glicksberg and Arzela-Ascoli theorems and show the wide applicability of the techniques to other papers. I provide a marriagemarket-based explanation to the college gender gap puzzle: more women than men go to college although women’s tradeoff between career and fertility lowers their incentive for college. I also derive a set of other new implications including the relationships between marriage-age and personal income, spousal matching patterns, and postmarital investments.
Metal Effects on the Sensitivity of Isostructural Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on 5-Amino-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole

Two energetic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), Co-ANTA and Zn-ANTA, are synthesized from 5-amino-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole (ANTA) and exhibit superior oxygen balance, density, and thermal stability compared to ANTA. The superior oxygen balance is achieved through a combination of hydroxide ligands and deprotonated linkers. Although the materials are isostructural and have similar density, oxygen balance, and sensitivity to heat, their impact sensitivities are significantly different. Similar to ANTA, Zn-ANTA is fairly insensitive to impact. By contrast, the impact sensitivity of ANTA is increased significantly after coordination polymerization with cobalt. The disparate impact sensitivities of the compounds might be attributed to the different electronic configurations of the metal ions constituting the frameworks.
Providing Opportunities for Flow Experiences and Creative Problem-Solving through Inquiry-based Instruction

In order to compete globally in the 21st Century, students must have the skills to design their own projects and understand how to navigate the wealth of information available at their fingertips. One of the most important tools is to be able to investigate ideas and implement a plan of action in order to answer questions that have not been explored. These creative problem-solving skills are essential when students design problems and projects during student-driven inquiry. Using action research, instructors evaluated student perceptions and responses to a student-driven inquiry project in an eighth grade honors language arts class. Using interviews and observations, instructors investigated students’ attitudes and experiences throughout the thirteen-week unit of study, focusing on student perceptions of the instructional environment. Students described engagement with topic and process due to choice and authenticity. They described experiencing flow, the state where students become completely engaged in their work, when challenge, motivation, desire, and drive come together to produce optimal outcomes. Themes emerged in how choice influenced the experience of flow during the creative process and how the classroom environment nurtured overcoming obstacles through creative problem solving.
Measuring young children's long-term relationships with social robots

Social robots are increasingly being developed for long-term interactions with children in domains such as healthcare, education, therapy, and entertainment. As such, we need to deeply understand how children's relationships with robots develop through time. However, there are few validated assessments for measuring young children's long-term relationships. In this paper, we present a pilot test of four assessments that we have adapted or created for use in this context with children aged 5--6: the Inclusion of Other in Self task, the Social-Relational Interview, the Narrative Description, and the Self-disclosure Task. We show that children can appropriately respond to these assessments with reasonably high internal reliability, and that the proposed assessments are able to capture child-robot relationship adjustments over a long-term interaction. Furthermore, we discuss gender and population differences in children's responses.
Water-Related Diseases in the Developing World

The burden of water-related disease is often great in developing regions due to several factors, including increased environmental exposure to pathogens in the absence of water treatment and sanitation; compounding factors such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malnutrition, which impair immunity; and water scarcity, which limits protective hygienic behaviors. This article presents an overview of the important microbial pathogens that link water and health in developing countries. The classic ‘waterborne’ diseases are caused by pathogens that multiply in the human and animal gut and are excreted in feces. These diseases, which manifest most commonly as diarrhea, can be largely prevented with the provision of safe water and sanitation measures that prevent human contact with feces. Water scarcity favors transmission of skin and eye infections (‘water-washed’ diseases) that would otherwise be prevented by basic hygiene practices such as bathing and soap use. Water reuse in dry regions also intensifies exposure to pathogens. Numerous pathogens are transmitted by invertebrate hosts – such as snails and mosquitoes – which live or breed in the aquatic environment. These diseases are largely unique to tropical areas and are driven by factors that influence vector habitat. Human infection can result following contact with water bodies that support these hosts and parasites (‘water-based’ diseases) or through the bite of insects that live or breed in water (diseases due to ‘water-related insects’). The article concludes with a discussion of how effective prevention strategies can be informed by the ecological niche of the microbe and the route by which the organism is transmitted.
The Pre-Symbolic Structure and Therapeutic Transformation of Hallucinations

The clinical rationale for the treatment of hallucinations is the resolution of the split Self-Structure, which is characteristic of schizophrenia. The hallucinatory image constitutes a significant Self-Fragment which needs to be integrated into the core Self (Prouty, 1981).
Molecular Perspective of Gas–Liquid Interfaces: What Can Be Learned From Theoretical Simulations?

Abstract In this chapter, we present an overview of the recent progress of molecular simulations that provide a molecular-level understanding of the properties and processes at gas–liquid interfaces. We first discuss the choices of force fields and simulation methodologies used in these simulations. Next, the analysis of neat gas–liquid interfaces is addressed. The results of various properties, including surface tension, surface potential, diffusion, reorientational dynamics, molecular structures, and orientation, are summarized. We then move on to the adsorption and mass transport of solutes across gas–liquid interfaces, covering the topics of surface propensity, chemical reactivity, and free energy of transport of solutes. Lastly, the outlook and challenges for the future are briefly discussed.
D.N. Jha. ANCIENT INDIA IN HISTORICAL OUTLINE. 3rd EDITION

D.N. Jha. Ancient India in Historical Outline. 3 rd Ed. New Delhi, IN: Manohar Publishers & Distributors, 2015, 238p., ISBN 978-93-5098-075-0
Free Component Analysis: Theory, Algorithms & Applications.

We describe a method for unmixing mixtures of freely independent random variables in a manner analogous to the independent component analysis (ICA) based method for unmixing independent random variables from their additive mixtures. Random matrices play the role of free random variables in this context so the method we develop, which we call Free component analysis (FCA), unmixes matrices from additive mixtures of matrices. Thus, while the mixing model is standard, the novelty and difference in unmixing performance comes from the introduction of a new statistical criteria, derived from free probability theory, that quantify freeness analogous to how kurtosis and entropy quantify independence. We describe the theory, the various algorithms, and compare FCA to vanilla ICA which does not account for spatial or temporal structure. We highlight why the statistical criteria make FCA also vanilla despite its matricial underpinnings and show that FCA performs comparably to, and often better than, (vanilla) ICA in every application, such as image and speech unmixing, where ICA has been known to succeed. Our computational experiments suggest that not-so-random matrices, such as images and spectrograms of waveforms are (closer to being) freer "in the wild" than we might have theoretically expected.
Smart IoT In-Car Life Detector System to Prevent Car Deaths

Unfortunately, many deaths are reported every year during the summer for infants, kids and pets who were left in cars and suffered from heatstroke. This paper is proposing a simple smart IoT system for in car detection of a living subject and taking the necessary actions to prevent their life loss. The system has a wide range of sensors including microwave sensors to collect a large set of data inside the car. The system will analyze the data and make the appropriate actions to prevent any death. These actions include sending an alert message to the parents and the emergency department, rolling down the windows, or starting the engine and turning on the air conditioner.
The effect of radium-223 therapy in agent orange related veterans with metastatic castrate resistance prostate carcinoma (CRPC)

Abstract Background Ra-223 radioisotope has been reported to increase median survival in bone metastatic prostate carcinoma. The addition of Ra-223 to abiraterone was associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. There is no comprehensive data for using Ra-223 in veteran population. Methods We present a retrospective study of patients (pts) with bone metastatic CRPC who received standard doses of Ra-223 and other sequential therapies at VAPHS from 2014 to 2018. Pts were divided into agent orange exposure (AO) and no exposure (Non-AO). Time to study was calculated from the initiation of Ra-223. Time to skeletal related events (SRE), progression of PSA, bone metastasis and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were calculated in months (mos) using unpaired T-test with two-tailed p value. Median survival was calculated by Kaplan Meier R log rank test. Results There were 34 pts with bone metastatic CRPC. 17 pts (50%) were AO, 17 pts (50%) Non-AO. The mean age of diagnosis of AO was 62 y/o and Non-AO was 69 y/o (p 0.005). The mean Gleason score for AO was 8.12 and Non-AO was 8.00 (p 0.7048). The median number of Ra-223 cycles was 6 (60%). 10 pts received Ra-223 as first line (29%) and 24 pts received Ra-223 later (71%). There were 12 SRE with median survival of 15 mos. There was no difference in mean time to SRE between AO (8 pts, 10.63 mos) and Non-AO (4 pts, 10.25 mos) with p 0.9306. The mean time to PSA progression for AO was 5.40 mos and Non-AO was 6.79 mos (p 0.2808). Mean time to bone progression for AO was 7.56 mos and Non-AO was 10.14 mos (p 0.1574). Mean time to ALP progression for AO and Non-AO was 6.25 mos and 8.71 mos respectively (p 0.0512). 20 patients (58%) had died. Median survival for Ra-223 first was 32 mos and for Ra-223 later was 15 mos with p 0.14 and HR 0.48 (95% CI, 0.17 to 1.3). Median survival between AO and Non-AO was 12 mos and 18 mos respectively with p 0.15 and HR 2.0 (95% CI, 0.77 to 5). Conclusions There is no statistical difference between AO and Non-AO in terms of time to SRE, PSA, bone and ALP progression even though there is a trend of shorter duration in AO veterans. There is no median survival difference between Ra-223 first versus Ra-223 later as well as between AO and Non-AO but there is a trend of worse survival in AO veterans. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Insomnia and Neurocognitive Functioning in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Background In noncancer populations, insomnia is known to affect neurocognitive processes. Although the prevalence of insomnia appears to be elevated in survivors of childhood cancer, relatively little is known about its association with neurocognitive performance in this at-risk population. Methods A total of 911 survivors (51.9% female; mean [SD] age, 34 [9.0] years; time since diagnosis, 26 [9.1] years) completed direct assessments of attention, memory, processing speed, and executive functioning and self-reported symptoms of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue), and daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Sex-stratified general linear models were used to examine associations between insomnia and neurocognitive performance, with adjustment for treatment exposures and chronic health conditions. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Insomnia was reported by 22.1% of females and 12.3% of males (P < .001). After adjustment for neurotoxic treatment exposures, insomnia (vs healthy sleepers with no daytime fatigue or sleepiness) was associated with worse neurocognitive performance in the domains of verbal reasoning, memory, attention, executive function, and processing speed (verbal reasoning: males β = -0.34, P = .04, females β = -0.57, P < .001; long-term memory: males β = -0.60, P < .001, females β = -0.36, P = .02; sustained attention: males β = -0.85, P < .001, females β = -0.42, P = .006; cognitive flexibility: males β = -0.70, P = .002, females β = -0.40, P = .02). Self-reported sleep disturbance without daytime fatigue or sleepiness or daytime fatigue or sleepiness alone were not consistently associated with poorer neurocognitive performance. Conclusions Insomnia was highly prevalent and contributed to the neurocognitive burden experienced by adult survivors of childhood cancer. Treatment of insomnia may improve neurocognitive problems in survivors.
Did The ACA Lower Americans' Financial Barriers To Health Care?

The Affordable Care Act was designed to provide financial protection to Americans in their use of the health care system. This required addressing two intertwined problems: cost barriers to accessi...
Who Are the People in Your Neighborhood? Personas Populating Unregulated mHealth Research

A key feature of unregulated mHealth research is the diversity of participants in this space. Applying an approach drawn from user experience design, we describe a set of archetypal unregulated mHealth researcher "personas," which range from individuals who seek empowerment or have philanthropic objectives to those who are primarily motivated by financial gain or have misanthropic objectives. These descriptions are useful for evaluating policies applicable to mHealth to understand how they will impact various stakeholders.
Nuclear Pif1 is Post Translationally Modified and Regulated by Lysine Acetylation

ABSTRACT In S. cerevisiae, the Pif1 helicase functions to impact both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication and repair processes. Pif1 is a 5’-3’ helicase, which preferentially unwinds RNA-DNA hybrids and resolves G-quadruplex structures. Further, regulation of Pif1 by phosphorylation negatively impacts its interaction with telomerase during double strand break repair. Here, we report that in addition to phosphorylation, Pif1 is also modified by lysine acetylation, which influences both its cellular and core biochemical activities. Using Pif1 overexpression toxicity assays, we determined that the acetyltransferase NuA4 (Esa1) and deacetylase Rpd3 are primarily responsible for dynamically acetylating nuclear Pif1. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that Pif1 was modified throughout the protein’s sequence on the N-terminus (K118, K129), helicase domain (K525, K639, K725), and C-terminus (K800). Acetylation of Pif1 exacerbated its overexpression toxicity phenotype, which was alleviated upon deletion of its N-terminus. Biochemical assays demonstrated that acetylation of Pif1 stimulated its helicase activity, while maintaining its substrate preferences. Additionally, both the ATPase and DNA binding activities of Pif1 were stimulated upon acetylation. Limited proteolysis assays indicate that acetylation of Pif1 induces a conformational change that may account for its altered enzymatic properties. We propose an acetylation-based model for the regulation of Pif1 activities, addressing how this post translational modification can influence its role as a key player in a multitude of DNA transactions vital to the maintenance of genome integrity.
Development and Validation of the Quick COVID-19 Severity Index: A Prognostic Tool for Early Clinical Decompensation.

Study objective The goal of this study is to create a predictive, interpretable model of early hospital respiratory failure among emergency department (ED) patients admitted with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This was an observational, retrospective, cohort study from a 9-ED health system of admitted adult patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) and an oxygen requirement less than or equal to 6 L/min. We sought to predict respiratory failure within 24 hours of admission as defined by oxygen requirement of greater than 10 L/min by low-flow device, high-flow device, noninvasive or invasive ventilation, or death. Predictive models were compared with the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, quick Sequential [Sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment, and the CURB-65 pneumonia severity score. Results During the study period, from March 1 to April 27, 2020, 1,792 patients were admitted with COVID-19, 620 (35%) of whom had respiratory failure in the ED. Of the remaining 1,172 admitted patients, 144 (12.3%) met the composite endpoint within the first 24 hours of hospitalization. On the independent test cohort, both a novel bedside scoring system, the quick COVID-19 Severity Index (area under receiver operating characteristic curve mean 0.81 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.73 to 0.89]), and a machine-learning model, the COVID-19 Severity Index (mean 0.76 [95% CI 0.65 to 0.86]), outperformed the Elixhauser mortality index (mean 0.61 [95% CI 0.51 to 0.70]), CURB-65 (0.50 [95% CI 0.40 to 0.60]), and quick Sequential [Sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment (0.59 [95% CI 0.50 to 0.68]). A low quick COVID-19 Severity Index score was associated with a less than 5% risk of respiratory decompensation in the validation cohort. Conclusion A significant proportion of admitted COVID-19 patients progress to respiratory failure within 24 hours of admission. These events are accurately predicted with bedside respiratory examination findings within a simple scoring system.
Just a Quick Question? Relationships between Workplace Intrusions and Employee Outcomes

While common in many workplaces, intrusions –i.e., interruptions in task progress while engaged in a task – have not been well studied yet. Building on conservation of resources theory and the job demands-resources model, we examined relationships between intrusions, increased fatigue, and decreased perceived job performance. Three pilot studies were conducted to develop a survey measure of intrusions and to establish its psychometric properties. The main study examined relationships between intrusions at the beginning of the workweek and fatigue and perceived job performance over the course of the week. Results indicate that intrusions on Monday were indirectly related to increased fatigue on Thursday through increased fatigue on Tuesday and Wednesday. Results were not significant for perceived job performance. The results highlight the relevance of intrusions at work for employee experiences beyond the day on which they occur pointing to a loss of individual resources over the course of the workweek.
The Year in Review: Economics at the Antitrust Division 2003-2004

This paper covers the activities of the Economic Analysis Group (EAG), during 2003-2004. It describes the economic analysis undertaken by EAG in several important investigations, litigations, and administrative and appellate matters.
Federal Circuit's Obviousness Test for New Pharmaceutical Compounds: Gobbledygook?

The statutory requirement that to obtain a patent an invention must not be obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art helps maintain a balance between the incentives provided by the grant of patents and harm resulting from too many patent grants. In 2007 the Supreme Court in KSR International Co. v. Teleflex Inc. increased what would in the future constitute obvious (and thus unpatentable) inventions by: (1) expanding the types of prior art a court must consider in determining obviousness; (2) recognizing steps that are obvious to try might result in inventions that are obvious; and (3) acknowledging that persons having ordinary skill in the art are creative and exercise common sense. However, the Federal Circuit had developed its obviousness test for new pharmaceutical compounds before KSR and has not substantially modified its test since KSR. That test is inconsistent not only with KSR, but also with the obviousness statute itself (§103) and the Federal Circuit’s treatment of obviousness for other fields. This article argues that the Federal Circuit or, if the appropriate case reaches it, the Supreme Court should reject the Federal Circuit’s obviousness test for new pharmaceutical compounds and follow instead KSR and §103 to appropriately serve the gatekeeping function of patent law’s obviousness requirement.
Gestures, embodiment, and learning the rate of change

Many researchers have stressed the embodied nature of mathematical understanding. Here we explore how embodied knowledge may evolve as students learn a basic calculus concept: the rate of change. W...
Viscoelastic effects in circular edge waves

Surface waves are excited at the boundary of a mechanically vibrated cylindrical container and are referred to as edge waves. Resonant waves are considered, which are formed by a travelling wave formed at the edge and constructively interfering with its centre reflection. These waves exhibit an axisymmetric spatial structure defined by the mode number . All show good agreement with experimental observations. The eigenvalue problem is equivalent to the classic damped-driven oscillator model on linear operators with viscosity appearing as a damping force and elasticity and surface tension as restorative forces, consistent with our physical interpretation of these viscoelastic effects.
Towards hybrid model predictive control for computationally aware satellite applications

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an optimal control method that is attractive for safe, efficient and goal based satellite operation. However, current satellite systems have limited computation and thus standard MPC approaches are limited. To overcome this, we propose a hybrid dynamical systems framework to encompass both satellite and optimizer dynamics. This enables a practical analysis of MPC and allows for user trade off between feasibility and optimality via tuneable parameters while retaining asymptotic stability.
Immigration Ambivalence in Suburbia: Evidence from Lake County

The Chicago metropolitan area has long been the destination of immigrants from around the world. One of the features of the most recent wave of immigration is that immigrants are moving not just to the city of Chicago, but also to its suburbs—with some moving from the city to the suburbs, but many moving directly into the suburbs from their home countries. Researchers, community leaders, and residents themselves are interested in what this means for their communities and immigrant/non-immigrant relations. Lake County, Illinois has been one of these ‘new’ destinations, more than tripling (+332%) it’s (largely Latino) immigrant population since 1980. Lake County therefore provides a window into the landscape of communities that are experiencing rapid increases in immigrant populations. At the same time, our nation has been engaged in debates at the local, state, and national level about immigration policy. Indeed, the lack of national leadership on immigration policy is regularly cited as prompting the patchwork pattern of state and local policies attempting to prevent, reverse, or in some cases, encourage immigration. Most recently, upon his re-election, President Obama and Congressional leaders are promising new action on a comprehensive plan that deals with the 12 million undocumented immigrants in the country today and regulates flows of future migrants. This research brief reports basic results from a 2010 survey of residents in six communities in Lake County, IL. We provide these data as one window into the context in which the policy debates, and policies, have and will be playing themselves out. In 2010, a team of researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago began a large, multi-faceted study of how immigration was being experienced in six communities in suburban Lake County, IL. This project included in-depth interviews with residents, community leaders, and advocates as well as a large-scale representative survey of residents. Respondents were interviewed either in person or by telephone, and asked a number of questions about their attitudes toward and experiences with immigration and immigrants.
Broadband Last Mile : Access Technologies for Multimedia Communications

BROADBAND IN THE LAST MILE: CURRENT AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS John Apostolopoulos and Nikil Jayant THE LAST MILE, THE EDGE, AND THE BACKBONE Benny Bing and G. K. Chang LAST-MILE COPPER ACCESS Krista S. Jacobsen LAST-MILE HFC ACCESS Daniel Howard, Bruce Currivan, Thomas Kolze, Jonathan Min, and Henry Samueli OPTICAL ACCESS: NETWORKS AND TECHNOLOGY Brian Ford and Stephen E. Ralph LAST-MILE WIRELESS ACCESS IN BROADBAND AND HOME NETWORKS Carlos de M. Cordeiro and Dharma P. Agrawal SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES SERVING AS LAST-MILE SOLUTIONS Paul G. Steffes and Jim Stratigos MANAGEMENT OF LAST-MILE BROADBAND NETWORKS Mani Subramanian EMERGING BROADBAND SERVICES SOLUTIONS Mani Subramanian
The polarography of the nickel(II)-ethylenediamine system

Abstract The small wave observed above the diffusion limited plateau when Ni2+ is reduced in the presence of trace amounts of ethylenediamine has been investigated. The effects of ethylenediamine concentration, nickel ion concentration and pH on the wave, are described. The results of this investigation indicate that the wave is a catalytic hydrogen wave. It has been found that the wave can be employed for the determination of ethylenediamine at low concentrations. The optimum concentration range for the analysis is 3 × 10−5-3 × 10−4 M ethylenediamine.
Predictive control of a vehicle convoy considering lane change behavior of the preceding vehicle

In this paper, a model predictive control approach is proposed for a vehicle convoy traveling on homogeneous highway. Specifically, the lane change behavior of a cut-in vehicle in front of the vehicle convoy is estimated and predicted for the predictive control of the leading vehicle in the convoy. In order to capture state differences of the preceding vehicle in different lane change manners, a cost function considering riding comfort and spacing safety is designed for the leading vehicle based on the free headway set ahead. The proposed cost function integrates trajectory differences of the cut-in vehicle, which makes the controller sensible to different lane change manners. The space keeping and velocity tracking performance of the controller is tested and compared with a conservative controller under different lane change behavior of the cutin vehicle. Furthermore, the control effects on the spacing and velocity of the followers in the convoy are analyzed. The simulation results show that the controller considering lane change behavior difference has smaller velocity and spacing fluctuations dealing with lane change disturbance.
Meteorological data results from the Atmospheric Imaging Radar

The Atmospheric Imaging Radar (AIR) is a mobile X-band imaging weather radar system designed and built by the Advanced Radar Research Center (ARRC) at the University of Oklahoma. By utilizing a vertical 20° fan beam on transmit, as well as 36 receiving elements, digital beamforming techniques can be used in order to form RHI scans with simultaneous beams. Azimuthal pedestal rotation allows for sector scans in quickly evolving weather situations, resulting in full volumetric updates on a storm of interest in as little as 6 s. This combination of spatial and temporal resolution allows for the detection and analysis of critical storm structure elements and evolutionary characteristics that occur on extremely short timescales. The AIR has been deployed in convective field campaigns each spring in the Southern Plains since 2012 and has collected data on tornadoes, supercells, and squall lines at ranges as close as 3 km, resulting in very high spatial and temporal observations of severe convective storms. The progression of system configurations across field experiments is discussed, and preliminary data are presented. Features that were previously unobservable with typical scanning weather radars, as well as context regarding the implications of imaging radar for severe weather observations are discussed. Future analysis opportunities and hardware implementations are outlined.
Coincidence measurement of the fully differential cross section for atomic-field bremsstrahlung

A coincidence measurement was made of the absolute cross section for electron-atomic-field bremsstrahlung, differential in photon energy, photon-emission angle, and electron scattering angle. The incident electron energy was 140 keV and the scattering materials were thin films of aluminum and gold. The data are compared to the theoretical calculations of Elwert and Haug and of Bethe and Heitler. Both theories give generally satisfactory agreement for aluminum. The Elwert-Haug theory is somewhat more accurate for gold.
N,N′-Oxalyl-Di-Imidazolide - A New Reagent for the Synthesis of Symmetrical Organic Oxalates

Abstract As part of our program to investigate the behavior of pentadianyl radicals, we wished co prepare bis(δ1,1′ -dicyclohexenyl carbinyl) oxalate (I) and study Its thermal decomposition. Application of the usual methods of oxalate synthesis toward the preparation of I resulted in low or zero yields, those methods involve reaction conditions whereby an acid is used directly in the reaction1 or is generated during the reaction as a by product2. Since we have found I to be sensitive to even trace amounts of acids3, we sought to develop an alternate approach to oxalate synthesis that would avoid adds at all stages.
Neutral-current neutrino reactions in deuterium

Cross sections for the reactions $v+^{2}\mathrm{H}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p+n+v$ and $\overline{v}+d\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p+n+\overline{v}$ for neutrino energies from 10 to 100 MeV are obtained by the use of recent data from LAMPF for the reaction ${v}_{e}+^{2}\mathrm{H}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p+p+{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$.
Stratospheric Ozone Decrease Due to Chlorofluoromethane Photolysis: Predictions of Latitude Dependence

A two-dimensional model is used to predict the 1990 reduction in ozone due to the chlorine compounds formed by chlorofluoromethane (CFM) photolysis when the CFM release rate is held constant at the 1975 value. The predicted globally averaged ozone reduction of 3.5% is similar to that predicted by one-dimensional models that did not include chlorine nitrate chemistry, and used lower values for the reactions rates of NO + HO2 yielding NO2 + OH and O3 + HO2 yielding OH + 2O2. When the 5.7 ppbv increase in chlorine compounds predicted by one-dimensional models to occur under steady-state conditions is simulated by the two-dimensional model, a 26% decrease in atmospheric ozone is predicted. The latitude dependence of the ozone reduction is discussed in terms of the relevant photochemical reaction and transport. The chemical reactions that most strongly influence the meridional dependence of the ozone depletion are identified as those associated with the reactions of chlorine monoxide and atomic oxygen, the recombination of ozone and atomic oxygen, and the photodissociation of molecular oxygen.
Personality of the Teacher

(1947). Personality of the Teacher. The Journal of Educational Research: Vol. 40, No. 9, pp. 652-661.
Postulates of probability.

THE concept of probability has always comprised two ideas: that of frequency in an ensemble and that of reasonable expectation. Suppose it is said that in tossing an unbiased coin the probabilities of heads and tails are equal. It is implied that the fraction of tosses giving heads will be the same as the fraction giving tails in a large enough number of tosses. It is implied also that in a single trial there is as much reason to expect one result as the other. The choice of one or the other of these ideas as the primary meaning of probability distinguishes the two main schools of thought in the field.
Two perceptions of science development

Abstract Two very different perceptions of the nature of science in the Third World are summarized. The areas considered are aims, the structure of science and technology, planning, education, manpower, communication and information, research, equipment, administration, funding, evaluation, the link between science and technology, the impact of science on Man's thinking, and international cooperation and assistance. The first of these perceptions (“A”) is said to be quite close to the view prevailing among administrators concerned with science and technology in the Third World, while the other (“B”) is claimed to be much closer to the realities of science as a human activity and hence to be much more functional. The aim of this juxtaposition is to encourage discussion and to catalyze experimentation with science policy measures constructed on the basis of perception B.
The Rise of Southern Gospel Music

Hours before dark on a lazy summer afternoon in the mid-1990s, cars arrived in a long unbroken line that connected a rural two-lane highway to an unpaved parking lot. Seasonal thunderstorms and churning steel-belted radials combined to turn the meadow for overflow parking into a muddied mess. Still, some six thousand emerged from those vehicles and made their way toward a rustic fairgrounds stage. After displaying a ticket, they chose a spot, set up a few lawn chairs, and settled in for a long evening of entertainment and worship—making little to no distinction between the two. Each fan paid twelve dollars apiece to attend this gospel music event held just outside Boone, North Carolina, a small tourist community in the remote mountainous region of the state. All in all, few could complain about the price; the evening program featured five major groups, four with songs in Southern Gospel Music's Top 80 Hits monthly chart.
Molecular Diagnostics in the Neoplasms of Small Intestine and Appendix

Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine is relatively rare in comparison to colorectal carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine arises through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in the colon. However, adenocarcinomas arising in the background of inflammatory bowel disease develop through the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. Most of the cases occur in the duodenum; however, adenocarcinoma occurring in association with Crohn disease is more common in the ileum.
Exact numerical simulation of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and its integral.

A numerical simulation algorithm that is exact for any time step \ensuremath{\Delta}tg0 is derived for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process X(t) and its time integral Y(t). The algorithm allows one to make efficient, unapproximated simulations of, for instance, the velocity and position components of a particle undergoing Brownian motion, and the electric current and transported charge in a simple R-L circuit, provided appropriate values are assigned to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck relaxation time \ensuremath{\tau} and diffusion constant c. A simple Taylor expansion in \ensuremath{\Delta}t of the exact simulation formulas shows how the first-order simulation formulas, which are implicit in the Langevin equation for X(t) and the defining equation for Y(t), are modified in second order. The exact simulation algorithm is used here to illustrate the zero-\ensuremath{\tau} limit theorem. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Porto-systemic shunt in the dog: Two case reports

Congenital anomalies of the portal vein producing a variety of neurological abnormalities have recently been reported by Ewing et al. (1974), Strom–beck, et al. (1975), and Cornelius et al. (1975). This is a report of two additional cases of anomalous venous drainage of the liver which were manifested by a variety of encephalopathies. Case 1 represents a portal–azygous shunt which was treated medically. Case 2 exhibits some unusual EEG findings and sheds new light on the possible surgical intervention for some of these anomalous shunts.
Human prion diseases.

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) is a group of rare, sub-acute, fatal neurodegenerative diseases in humans and animals. TSE includes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease, fatal familial insomnia, and Kuru (a disease confined to the Fore linguistic group, a tribe in Papua-New Guinea). From the onset, it was recognized that some of these spongiform diseases occur in clusters, in an inherited, familial manner. This article describes these diseases, current treatment modalities, and suggests directions for future research.
Instrumented measurement of anterior knee laxity in patients with acute anterior cruciate ligament disruption

Instrumented anterior/posterior laxity measurements were performed on 138 patients evaluated within 2 weeks of injury with their first traumatic knee hemarthrosis. All patients were tested with the MEDmetric Arthrometer model KT-1000 in a knee injury clinic. Seventy-five of the patients had knee arthroscopy. Thirty-three had arthrometer laxity tests under anesthesia. Eighty-seven percent of patients arthroscoped had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and 41% had meniscus tears. One hundred twenty normal subjects were tested to establish normal anterior laxity values. Three tests were used to evaluate anterior laxity: anterior displacement between a 15 and 20 pound force (compliance index), anterior displacement with a 20 pound force, and anterior displacement with a high manually applied force. Displacement measurements in normal subjects revealed a wide range of normal laxity with a small right knee-left knee difference. For example, the 20 pound anterior displacement range was 3 to 13.5 mm with a right knee-left knee difference (mean +/- SD, 0.8 +/- 0.7 mm). Eighty-eight percent of the normals had a right-left difference of less than 2 mm. In the 53 patients arthroscoped who had complete ACL tears, the anterior laxity measurements performed in the clinic were suggestive or diagnostic of pathologic anterior laxity in 50 patients.
GENITAL WARTS:CO-INFECTING SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEFISES(STD'S) AND MULTIPLE ABUSERS IN GIRLS

All girls age 11 and under presenting to the pediatric clinic between 1978-1986 with genital warts were evaluated by the Child Protection Team for coinfetiting STD's and sexual abuse. The 11 children were 1.5-3 yrs (5), 3-6 yrs (1) and 6-11 yrs (5). All had perirectal and/or perivaginal warts, diagnosed by inspection (5) or biopsy (6). Nine had condyloma acuminata and two had crops of verruca volgaris. Nine had findings indicative of sexual abuse including discharge (5), bleeding (5), foul odor (4), hymenal diameter :> 10 mm d), and anal gaping (1). One or more other STD's were diagnosed in 6 children. Cases/number studied were: Tie abuser (s)of 7 were identified. Two girls had multiple abusers and 3 others were highly suspected to have had multiple abusers. These 5 children had other coinfecting STD's. Conclusion: Sexual transmission of genital warts is demonstrated in 9 of the 11 girls by additional indicators including statements from the child, physical evidence, ano coinfecting STD's. Children with genital warts should be evaluated for other STD's and sexual abuse .Coinferting STD's may be an indicator of multiple abusers in children with genital warts.
Marx and Cohen on Exploitation and the labor theory of value

Gerald A. Cohen, in ‘The Labor Theory of Value and the Concept of Exploitation’, argues that, contrary to the traditional assumption, Marx's charge of exploitation against capitalism does not require the labor theory of value. However, there is a related but simpler basis for the charge. Hence Marx's criticism can stand even if the labor theory of value falls. Furthermore, he argues that the labor theory of value is false. It is argued here that Cohen is mistaken; the charge Marx makes against capitalism does require the labor theory of value. Cohen's conception of exploitation is weaker than Marx's both theoretically and morally. It is also argued that Cohen's criticisms of the labor theory of value rest on misunderstandings of the theory and Marx's methodology.