cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Toxicity and quality of life after cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

The purpose of our study was to determine the toxicity and quality of life for patients with peritoneal metastases after cytoreductive surgery (CS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPC). From 2001 to 2005, 35 consecutive patients with peritoneal metastases enrolled in a prospective trial approved by the University of Minnesota Institutional Review Board. Their primary cancer sites included the appendix (19 patients), colon (7), mesothelioma (3), stomach (2), small bowel (2), gallbladder (1), and unknown (1). We performed CS in an effort to remove all or nearly all peritoneal tumor nodules. Using a closed technique, we administered hyperthermic mitomycin C into the peritoneal cavity for 90 min. Before treatment and then at 4-month postoperative intervals, we used the functional assessment of cancer therapy-colon subscale (FACT-C) instrument to assess the patients’ quality of life. The median hospital stay was 9 days; 12 patients were hospitalized at least 30 days or required readmission within 30 days after treatment. The postoperative mortality rate was 0%; adverse events occurred in 18 (51%) patients. As of December 2005, 20 patients were alive; 14 had died of progressive disease and 1 of an unrelated cause. The median survival time was 21.4 months. Quality of life measurements, including trial outcome index (TOI), FACT-colon, and FACT-general, returned to baseline 4 months after treatment and were significantly improved at 8 and 12 months. Despite early toxicity, CS plus HIPC may prolong the overall survival rate of patients with peritoneal metastases and improve quality of life measurements.
Predominance of isoprenoids among the alkanes in the Irati oil shale, Permian of Brazil

Abstract An alkane distribution in which isoprenoid alkanes are present in excess of n -paraffins and pristane, phytane, and norpristane (in this order) are the major components, has been found in two different beds of the Irati oil shale, Brazilian Permian formation of Sao Mateus do Sul, Parana.
Satisfaction of search experiments in advanced imaging

The objective of our research is to understand the perception of multiple abnormalities in an imaging examination and to develop strategies for improved diagnostic. We are one of the few laboratories in the world pursuing the goal of reducing detection errors through a better understanding of the underlying perceptual processes involved. Failure to detect an abnormality is the most common class of error in diagnostic imaging and generally is considered the most serious by the medical community. Many of these errors have been attributed to "satisfaction of search," which occurs when a lesion is not reported because discovery of another abnormality has "satisfied" the goal of the search. We have gained some understanding of the mechanisms of satisfaction of search (SOS) traditional radiographic modalities. Currently, there are few interventions to remedy SOS error. For example, patient history that the prompts specific abnormalities, protects the radiologist from missing them even when other abnormalities are present. The knowledge gained from this programmatic research will lead to reduction of observer error.
Light scattering from nonequilibrium electron-hole plasma excited by picosecond laser pulses in GaAs

Abstract A picosecond dye laser is used to excite electron-hole plasma of density between 10 18 to 10 19 cm -3 in GaAs. The plasma density and distribution function within ⪅ 20 psec of excitation is probed by Raman scattering. The lineshape of the single particle excitation spectra of the plasma can be explained only by assuming that the electron distribution function is in nonthermal equilibrium.
X-ray diffraction of bacteriorhodopsin photocycle intermediates (Review)

Recent advances in the crystallography of bacteriorhodopsin, the light-driven proton pump, have yielded structural models for all intermediates of the photochemical cycle. For seven of the species, X-ray diffraction data were collected from trapped photostationary states in crystals, and for the two remaining ones the structures of selected mutants are available. The changes of the retinal chromophore, protein and bound water describe, at an atomic level, how accommodation of the twisted photoisomerized retinal to its binding site causes de-protonation of the retinal Schiff base and initiates cascades of gradual conformational rearrangements of the protein. One cascade propagates in the extracellular direction and results in proton release, and the other in the cytoplasmic direction and results in side-chain and main-chain rearrangements, formation of a chain of hydrogen-bonded water, and proton uptake from the bulk. Such local-global conformational coupling, with gradual spreading of a local perturbation...
Delayed alternation performance in rats following recovery from early iron deficiency.

Abstract Early iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most common nutrient deficiencies in both developed and developing countries. This condition has been linked to perturbations in myelin formation, alterations of monoamine neurotransmitter systems particularly in the striatum, and deficits in energy metabolism particularly in the hippocampus (HP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in rats. Early ID has also been traced to long-term behavioral consequences in children in domains linked to these neuropathologies. The current experiment assesses formerly iron deficient (FID) adult rats on a delayed alternation (DA) task — a procedure thought to be sensitive to PFC dysfunction. Rat dams were started on an iron deficient chow at gestational day (G) 2 and maintained on this diet until postnatal day (P) 7; behavioral training began at P 65 when animals were iron replete. FID animals exhibited accelerated acquisition (p = 0.002) and fewer errors (p = 0.003) on the DA task compared to controls. These findings may reflect an imbalance between hippocampal and prefrontal modulation of this behavior most likely emanating from long-term hippocampal disinhibition by early ID that persists in spite of early iron treatment from P 7.
Effect of Verbally Aggressive Television Programming on Viewers’ Self-Reported Verbal Aggression

ABSTRACTThis study examined the effect of verbally aggressive media on self-reported verbal aggression. Using a theoretical framework provided by social cognitive theory, participants were randomly assigned to watch either a verbally aggressive television show or a neutral show. Participants' verbal aggression was assessed both several weeks before exposure and then again immediately after exposure. A between-subjects analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated an interaction between participants' sex and exposure condition, with males reporting greater verbal aggressiveness after exposure to the verbally aggression stimuli.
Threats to public health from gulls (Laridae)

Gulls have a world‐wide distribution but are more common in temperate regions. The numbers of several species have increased enormously in recent decades, but for some populations this growth has n...
The immunophenotype of pre-TALL/LBL revisited

Flow cytometric analysis of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers in abnormal lymphocyte populations is crucial in the diagnosis of precursor T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL)/lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). The World Health Organization (WHO) suggested immunophenotype for pre-T ALL/LBL typically includes the expression of TdT, cCD3, and CD7, while CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, and CD10 are variably expressed. The myeloid antigens CD13 and CD33 are usually positive, whereas CD117 and cCD79a are infrequently expressed. Furthermore, there is frequent dual expression of CD4 and CD8. In the present investigation, 19 cases of pre-TALL/LBL were analyzed for selected CD marker expression. Fifteen of 19 cases studied were evaluated for TdT, cCD3, and cCD79a expression. Eleven (73.3%) positively expressed TdT, 15 (100%) positively expressed cCD3, and 9 (60%) positively expressed cCD79a. Of the 17 cases analyzed for CD7, CD5, and CD10 expression, CD7 and CD5 were positive in all 17 (100%) cases, whereas CD10 was positive in 8 (47.1%) cases. Of the 18 cases evaluated for CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, and dual expression of CD4 and CD8, CD2 was expressed in 14 (77.8%), while CD3 was expressed in 7 (38.9%) cases. CD4 was positive in 11 (61.1%), and CD8 was expressed in 9 (50%). Dual expression of CD4 and CD8 occurred in only 4 (22.2%) of the cases. Of the 16 analyzed for CD13, CD33, and CD117, only 1 case (6.3%) expressed CD13, while 2 (12.5%) cases expressed CD33 and CD117. Thus, these data point to the need for a more extensive study to reevaluate the current WHO defined immunophenotype used in the diagnosis of pre-TALL/LBL.
Early manifestations of restless legs syndrome in childhood and adolescence.

Abstract Objective To describe the symptomatology reported by a series of children and adolescents who at initial consultation did not meet full diagnostic criteria for pediatric restless legs syndrome (RLS) but subsequently did so over the course of clinical follow-up. Methods Retrospective assessment of all patients with pediatric RLS receiving ongoing care in a pediatric sleep/neurology practice at a large multispecialty clinic ( n =50). Eighteen children and adolescents who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified by chart review. All but one had undergone polysomnography. Results Detailed sleep histories were available for 10 girls and 8 boys, all of whom presented initially with clinical sleep disturbance. Mean age at the initial sleep evaluation was 10.3 years and mean age at RLS diagnosis was 14.7 years. Detailed descriptions of the sensory RLS symptoms were recorded. Retrospective age of onset for chronic clinical sleep disturbance was a mean of 3.1 years, with 10 families reporting onset in infancy. Of the 18, 16 reported chronic sleep-onset problems and eight sleep-maintenance problems at the time of initial evaluation. Ten had a history of growing pains. Thirteen were found to have a family history of RLS. Eleven of 17 had periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) ⩾5 per hour. Comorbidities included parasomnias (7), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (13), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (4), anxiety disorders (6), and depression (5). Serum ferritin levels of Conclusions In this group of 18 children and adolescents, clinical sleep disturbance preceded a diagnosis of definite RLS by an average of 11.6 years. Many had a diagnosis of periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) or met research criteria for probable or possible RLS prior to meeting criteria for definite RLS. These findings suggest that some aspects of RLS can occur long before full diagnostic criteria are present. Comorbidities were common, with parasomnias, ADHD, ODD, anxiety, and depression each found in more than 20% of these cases. The 2003 National Institutes of Health (NIH) diagnostic criteria for pediatric RLS are supported by this work.
A new technique for measuring the mechanical properties of thin films

Accurate measurement of mechanical properties is very difficult for films that are only a few microns thick. Previously, these properties have been determined by indirect methods such as cantilever beam and diaphragm bulge tests. This paper presents a new technique to measure the Young's modulus of thin films in a direct manner consistent with its definition. Strain is measured by a laser-based technique that enables direct and accurate recording of strain on a thin-film specimen. Load is recorded with a 1-lb load cell, and an air bearing is used to eliminate friction in the loading system. The specimen is phosphorus-doped polysilicon that has a gage cross section of 3.5 /spl mu/m thick by 600 /spl mu/m wide. All 29 uniaxial tensile tests show brittle behavior, and the average values of Young's modulus and fracture strength are measured to be 170/spl plusmn/6.7 GPa and 1.21/spl plusmn/0.16 GPa, respectively. One fatigue test is also reported in this paper.
CPT and Lorentz tests in Penning traps

A theoretical analysis is performed of Penning-trap experiments testing $\mathrm{CPT}$ and Lorentz symmetry through measurements of anomalous magnetic moments and charge-to-mass ratios. Possible $\mathrm{CPT}$ and Lorentz violations arising from spontaneous symmetry breaking at a fundamental level are treated in the context of a general extension of the $\mathrm{SU}(3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{SU}(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1)$ standard model and its restriction to quantum electrodynamics. We describe signals that might appear in principle, introduce suitable figures of merit, and estimate $\mathrm{CPT}$ and Lorentz bounds attainable in present and future Penning-trap experiments. Experiments measuring anomaly frequencies are found to provide the sharpest tests of $\mathrm{CPT}$ symmetry. Bounds are attainable of approximately ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}$ in the electron-positron case and of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}23}$ for a suggested experiment with protons and antiprotons. Searches for diurnal frequency variations in these experiments could also limit certain types of Lorentz violation to the level of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}18}$ in the electron-positron system and others at the level of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}21}$ in the proton-antiproton system. In contrast, measurements comparing cyclotron frequencies are sensitive within the present theoretical framework to different kinds of Lorentz violation that preserve $\mathrm{CPT}.$ Constraints could be obtained on one figure of merit in the electron-positron system at the level of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16},$ on another in the proton-antiproton system at ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}24},$ and on a third at ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}25}$ using comparisons of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ ions with antiprotons.
Microcephalin regulates BRCA2 and Rad51-associated DNA double-strand break repair

Microcephalin (MCPH1) is a BRCA1 COOH terminal (BRCT) domain containing protein involved in the cellular response to DNA damage that has been implicated in autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. MCPH1 is recruited to sites of DNA double-strand breaks by phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX), but the mechanism by which MCPH1 contributes to the repair process remains to be determined. Here, we show that MCPH1 binds to BRCA2 and regulates the localization of BRCA2 and Rad51 at sites of DNA damage. The interaction occurs through the NH(2) terminus of BRCA2 and the COOH terminal BRCT domains of MCPH1. Disruption of the interaction between MCPH1 and BRCA2 has no effect on the ability of BRCA2 to form a complex with Rad51 but is associated with substantially reduced levels of both BRCA2 and Rad51 at sites of DNA double-strand breaks. Uncoupling of MCPH1 from BRCA2 also interferes with Rad51-dependent and BRCA2-dependent homologous recombination repair activity. These results suggest that the role of MCPH1 in the DNA damage response is in part associated with the ability to localize BRCA2 to sites of DNA double-stand breaks.
Contingency, Employment Intentions, and Retention of Vulnerable Low-wage Workers: An Examination of Nursing Assistants in Nursing Homes

Purpose of the Study: While theories of job turnover generally assume a strong correlation between job satisfaction, intention, and retention, such models may be limited in explaining turnover of low-wage health care workers. Low-wage workers likely have a lower ability to act on their employment intentions or plans due to a lack of resources that serve to cushion higher wage workers. In this study, we examine the relationship between job satisfaction, intention, and retention of nursing assistants in nursing homes and the role that “contingency factors” play in employment intentions and retention. We conceptualize “contingency factors” as resource-related constraints (e.g., being a single mother) that likely influence employment trajectories of individuals but can be independent of job satisfaction or intent. Design and Methods: We use survey data from 315 nursing assistants in 18 nursing homes in a U.S. southern state to model employment intentions and retention. Results: We find that job satisfaction and other perceived job characteristics (e.g., workload and perceived quality of care) are significant predictors of an individual’s intent to stay in their job, the occupation of nursing assistant, and the field of long-term care. However, we find that job satisfaction and employment intentions are not significant predictors of retention. Instead, “contingency factors” such as being a primary breadwinner and individual characteristics (e.g., tenure and past health care experience) appear to be stronger factors in the retention of nursing assistants. Implications: Our findings have implications for understanding turnover among low-wage health care workers and the use of proxies such as employment intentions in measuring turnover.
Elimination of interfering chromogens in the Zimmerman reaction for measuring 17-ketosteroids.

A simple extraction technic is described for separating interfering chromogens from the 17-KS complex formed when the Zimmerman reaction is applied to urinary extracts. The procedure is performed immediately after the Zimmerman reaction is completed. It allows quantitation of the steroid present in a filter photometer at one wave length. Results compare favorably with those obtained after dilution of the Zimmerman complex with 70% aqueous ethanol and application of Allen's correction.
Experimental Documentation of the Structural Consequences of Hydrogen‐Bonding Interactions to the Proximal Cysteine of a Cytochrome P450

Resonance Raman spectroscopy is used to document, for the first time, a 6 cm−1 decrease of the Fe-S stretch by introducing an H-bond donor into the proximal pocket of a cytochrome P450, which interacts with the key cysteine thiolate axial ligand. The anticipated trans-effect on bound exogenous ligands is also confirmed and evidence is obtained supporting intimate interaction of the new histidyl-imidazole fragment with the heme periphery.
“HIGHPOINTING”—SUMMITING UNITED STATES HIGHPOINTS FOR FUN, FITNESS, FRIENDS, FOCUS, AND FOLLY

(1998). “HIGHPOINTING”—SUMMITING UNITED STATES HIGHPOINTS FOR FUN, FITNESS, FRIENDS, FOCUS, AND FOLLY. World Leisure & Recreation: Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 34-38.
POSTSEISMIC DEFORMATION AND STRESS DIFFUSION DUE TO VISCOELASTICITY AND COMMENTS ON THE MODIFIED ELSASSER MODEL

Finite element techniques have been used to investigate the far-field deformation and stress changes due to asthenospheric viscoelastic relaxation following a dip-slip earthquake. The diffusion of extensional stress toward the subduction zone following a thrust earthquake on land is qualitatively consistent with the modified Elsasser model as proposed by Rydelek and Sacks (1988, 1990) to explain the coupled occurrence of land and sea earthquakes near Japan. However, the magnitude of the diffusing tensional signal is significantly smaller. The nominal model consists of a partially faulted elastic lithosphere overlying a viscoelastic substrate. Other models consider thin channel flow, rupturing of the entire elastic lithosphere, and changes in the depth of faulting. While some of these changes have significant impact on the magnitude and spatial features of the stress and deformation field, the far-field stress remains small. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the assumptions of the modified Elsasser model accentuate uniaxial deformation. When these assumptions are replicated in the finite element calculations, reasonable agreement between the models is achieved.
THE AESTHETICS OF FUNCTION

EDRS Price MF-$04 25 HC-$0.60 *Architecture, Cultural Enrichment, Educational Environment, *Environmental Influences, Individual Needs, Medical Services, *Perception, *Physical Environment, Physiology, Psychological Design Needs, *Sensory Experience, Stress Variables The basic concepts acid several examples of the effects of the physical environment on man are discussed. Aesthetic judgments of the environment are related primarily to the physiological well-being of an individual and secondarily to his social experiences. Excessive loading of any one of the senses can prevent a balanced assessment of the environment. Therefore, the responsibility of architecture is to lighten the stresses of life, permitting man to focus his energies upon productive work. Several examples explain this basic premise--(1) the child in a laarning environment, (2) the patient convalescing in a hospital, and (3) the surgecn in an operating room. (TC) THE AESTHETICS OF FUNCTION
Examining the Extent and Nature of Online Learning in American K-12 Education: The Research Initiatives of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

article i nfo In 1992, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation began its Anytime, Anyplace Learning Program, the purpose of which was to explore educational alternatives for people who wanted to pursue an education via Internet technology. Part of this grant activity was a research award to the Babson College Survey Research Group to examine online learning in American K-12 education. Three studies were conducted based on national surveys of school district and/or high school administrators. The focus of these studies was twofold: one, to examine the extent and nature of online learning in K-12 school districts; second, to examine the role of online learning in high school reform initiatives. The purpose of this article is to share the findings from these studies and to look critically at what they mean for the future of online learning in American K-12 schools.
Multilayer Multiconfiguration Time-Dependent Hartree Theory

Multilayer multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) theory is a rigorous and powerful method to simulate quantum dynamics in complex many-body systems. This approach extends the original MCTDH theory of Meyer, Manthe, and Cederbaum to include dynamically contracted layers in a recursive way, within which the equations of motion are determined from the Dirac-Frenkel variational principle. This paper presents the general derivation of the theory and analyzes the important features that make the ML-MCTDH method numerically efficient. Furthermore, we discuss the generalization of the theory to treat many-body identical particles (fermions or bosons) as well as calculating energy eigenstates via the improved relaxation method.
Characterization of consolidation in thermoplastic matrix composites

Consolidation is a phase in composites manufacturing during which heat and pressure are applied with the intent t o obtain a monolithic structure from discrete plies, simultaneously remove voids and volatiles, achieve desired fiber volume fractions in the part and obtain correct dimensional tolerances. Final performance of a part will depend on its consolidated state. In most manufacturing processes consolidation follows after all the individual plies are laid in a desired fashion. However, in in-situ manufacturing techniques such as filament winding and pultrusion, the consolidation occurs as the plies are Iaid down. Hence the relative importance of mass, momentum and energy transport are different in such processes. This paper conducts an experimental investigation of consolidation in thermoplastic filament winding. Various approaches t o characterize consolidation and the suitability of these approaches in describing consolidation quality in the filament winding process is evaluated.
The hazards of cyber-vigilantism

Abstract In recent years, some aggressive actions against cyber-criminals and terrorists have come not only from state actors, but also from independent third parties such as Anonymous. These groups have claimed some significant victories in their battles against ISIS and similar organizations, by hacking their email, publicly exposing their secret communications, and knocking their websites offline. The hacker groups also combat other cyber criminals, including distributors of child pornography. Some of the groups' activities, however, violate the computer hacking laws of many nations. Some commentators have criticized these statutes, claiming that the laws unnecessarily prohibit private actors from serving the public good. In this Essay, I defend the broad prohibition of cyber-vigilantism, and argue that well-intentioned private actors can accomplish their goals by working with governments. I first review global jurisprudence, case studies, and academic commentary to explain why courts and policymakers historically have disfavoured vigilantism in other contexts, and I apply that reasoning to cyberspace. I explain that cyber-vigilantism can lead to several negative consequences, including the potential for abuse of the system, undercutting the legitimacy of democratic systems, and disproportionate punishments that are not necessarily effective. I then argue that instead of operating independently, these private groups can more effectively collaborate with governments and other private actors to fight threats in cyberspace.
The Public We Serve: Their Mental Health Needs and Sociocultural and Medical Circumstances

Publisher Summary The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate how the definition of professional psychology can clarify the nature, scope, and purposes of professional psychology education and practice. Greater clarity regarding these issues will be very helpful for resolving several of the disagreements regarding the appropriate approaches to teaching and practice that have divided the field. The definition of professional psychology proposed in the previous chapter identified the primary function of a professional psychologist as providing psychological services to meet the behavioral health and biopsychosocial needs of the public. When focusing on behavioral health needs, it might seem to be a straightforward process to learn the assessments and interventions that are most effective for treating common behavioral health problems. Epidemiological data could be used to identify the mental health disorders most commonly faced by the public, and then the available research could be reviewed to identify the assessments and interventions that are most effective for addressing those issues. Treatment guidelines could then be written that would suggest the indicated treatments for various mental health disorders.
Chapter 3 – NO and NOx Interactions with Hemes

In this chapter, we will discuss the mechanistic studies of NO and NO x ( NO 2 − , ⋅ NO 2 , N 2 O 3 , etc . ) reactions with heme proteins and heme model compounds, with the goal of providing further insight into the related reactions occurring in mammalian biology.
Accurate description of the electronic structure of organic semiconductors by GW methods

Electronic properties associated with charged excitations, such as the ionization potential (IP), the electron affinity (EA), and the energy level alignment at interfaces, are critical parameters for the performance of organic electronic devices. To computationally design organic semiconductors and functional interfaces with tailored properties for target applications it is necessary to accurately predict these properties from first principles. Many-body perturbation theory is often used for this purpose within the GW approximation, where G is the one particle Green's function and W is the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction. Here, the formalism of GW methods at different levels of self-consistency is briefly introduced and some recent applications to organic semiconductors and interfaces are reviewed.
An experimental investigation of resonant interaction of a rectangular jet with a flat plate

The interaction between an 8:1 aspect ratio rectangular jet and a flat plate, placed parallel to the jet, is addressed in this study. At high subsonic conditions and for certain relative locations of the plate, a resonance takes place with accompanying audible tones. Even when the tone is not audible the sound pressure level spectra are often marked by conspicuous peaks. The frequencies of these peaks, as functions of the plate’s length, its location relative to the jet as well as jet Mach number, are studied in an effort to understand the flow mechanism. It is demonstrated that the tones are not due to a simple feedback between the nozzle exit and the plate’s trailing edge; the leading edge also comes into play in determining the frequency. With parametric variation, it is found that there is an order in the most energetic spectral peaks; their frequencies cluster in distinct bands. The lowest frequency band is explained by an acoustic feedback involving diffraction at the plate’s leading edge. Under the resonant condition, a periodic flapping motion of the jet column is seen when viewed in a direction parallel to the plate. Phase-averaged Mach number data on a cross-stream plane near the plate’s trailing edge illustrate that the jet cross-section goes through large contortions within the period of the tone. Farther downstream a clear ‘axis switching’ takes place for the time-averaged cross-section of the jet that does not occur otherwise for a non-resonant condition.
MULTI-FONT CHINESE CHARACTER RECOGNITION WITH ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY NETWORK

This paper shows the pattern classification capability of associative memory network through the recognition of a set of multi-font Chinese characters. Associative memory can become a suitable pattern classifier by an appropriate selection of the inner codes, or specifically, the selection of associated class vectors for each pattern prototype being stored. In our experiment, Hadamard vectors are selected in view of the features of the original character data, and their effectiveness is displayed by the network's recognition behaviour.
Self-Governing workplace ambience controller

This paper proposes a novel idea of automatic control over electrical appliances in an office environment using Raspberry Pi. The prototype developed proves to supersede the existing automation systems of remote control, by applying self-governing techniques. This is achieved by implementing a control strategy coded in Python environment where the system acquires the presence of humans in a localised area and using environmental parameters like room temperature/light intensity as input data provides an optimised control signal to drive the electronic devices installed in the workspaces. The proposed model serves to do away with human intervention and automate the process of initialization and termination of equipment usage. Thus, energy conservation is maximised and power wastage eliminated.
Change in illness perception is associated with short-term seizure burden outcome following video-EEG confirmation of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.

Abstract Objectives We aimed to evaluate whether potential changes in the patient's illness perception can significantly influence short-term seizure burden following video-electroencephalography (EEG) confirmation/explanation of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Methods Patients with PNES were dichotomized to two groups based on a five-point Symptom Attribution Scale: (a) those who prior to diagnosis perceived their seizures to be solely (“5”) or mainly (“4”) physical in origin (physical group) and (b) the remainder of patients with PNES (psychological group). The physical group (n = 32), psychological group (n = 40), and group with epilepsy (n = 26) also completed the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) prior to diagnosis, and were followed up at 3 months as well as at 6 months postdiagnosis. Results At 3 months postdiagnosis, the physical group experienced significantly greater improvement in seizure intensity (p = 0.002) and seizure frequency (p = 0.016) when compared with the psychological group. The physical group was significantly more likely to have modified their symptom attribution toward a greater psychological role to their seizures (p = 0.002), and their endorsement on the BIPQ item addressing “consequences” (How much do your seizures affect your life?) was significantly less severe (p′ = 0.014) when compared with that of the psychological group and the group with epilepsy. At 6 months postdiagnosis, the physical group continued to experience significantly greater improvement in seizure intensity (p = 0.007) while their seizure frequency no longer reached significant difference (p = 0.078) when compared with the psychological group. The physical group continued to be significantly more likely to have modified their symptom attribution toward a greater psychological role to their seizures (p = 0.005), and their endorsement on the BIPQ item addressing “consequences” remained significantly less severe (p′ = 0.037) when compared with the psychological group and the group with epilepsy. Conclusions Among patients with PNES, prediagnosis perception of seizures as “solely” or “mainly” physical in cause may be associated with greater likelihood of early postdiagnosis improvement in seizure burden. Within this physical group postdiagnosis, we uncovered preliminary evidence for significantly greater attribution toward psychological roles in seizures as well as reduction in cognitive distortion surrounding the adverse consequences of seizures. These findings portend particular impact of such changes in illness perception for this group.
Childhood Obesity: Solutions to a Growing Problem

Common knowledge to healthcare professionals and laymen alike, obesity has reached epidemic proportions in both the adult and juvenile populations. While each constitutes serious implications for health, childhood obesity is of particular significance due to the relatively fragile state of children’s physical and psychological development. Intense research in this field has identified numerous causative factors; however, the incidence of childhood obesity continues to rise, further endangering the health of future generations. In the following chapter key risks associated with childhood obesity are discussed, accompanied with an overview of the obesogenic environment contributing to weight gain in America. The interplay between various factors associated with childhood obesity is investigated, augmented by the development of a global childhood obesity correlation model. With a cohesive understanding of the current state of childhood obesity, established recommendations and future directions, centered on weight loss-specific dietary and exercise regimens pertinent to healthcare professionals, are further discussed.
Media Free-Electron Lasers

The conventional free-electron laser (FEL) has excited interest because of its possible operation in the vacuum-ultraviolet and soft-x-ray regions of the spectrum. Unfortunately, the small signal gain when optimized does not improve with shorter wavelength, and excessively long wigglers and high currents are needed to obtain large gains.
Dilemmas to Revealing Secrets and the Role of the Confidant

Now I move away from a discussion of revealing secrets in therapy to the broader dilemmas associated with revealing secrets to confidants in general. In Chapter 4, I noted that some critics thought that the ending of the film ″Secret and Lies″ seemed false, because it is unlikely that people would so readily accept some secrets that they previously considered loathsome. In particular, the movie simplistically depicted uneducated people with racist beliefs readily embracing a family member from a different race. What the movie illustrated is that the responses of the confidant should largely determine whether someone will benefit from revealing a secret; all was well in the end because the family could accept the secret. However, in real life, some confidants cannot be expected to accept some secrets, and they might even be obligated to reject the revealer.
King-Devick test normative reference values and internal consistency in youth football and soccer athletes.

The King-Devick (K-D) test has gained popularity as a sideline concussion assessment tool, comprising of visual tracking and saccadic eye movements. However, limited normative data exist for youth athletes under the age of 13. The purpose of this study was to establish normative reference values and examine the internal consistency of the K-D test in youth athletes. The K-D test was administered to 422 youth football and soccer athletes prior to their respective season. The average K-D score was 54.29 ± 11.5 seconds. Across the two trials, 55% of participants committed at least one error. Overall, the K-D test demonstrated a high internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.92) when administered at baseline. Inter-item correlations revealed a moderate-to-strong relationship between test cards and trials (r range = 0.71 to 0.95; P < 0.001), along with test cards and baseline K-D time (r range = 0.85 to 0.94; P < 0.001). Although the K-D test was consistent during baseline testing, the high percentage of errors at baseline makes the K-D test questionable for post-concussion comparisons.
Seafinding revisited: how hatchling marine turtles respond to natural lighting at a nesting beach

Hatchling marine turtles emerge at night from underground nests on oceanic beaches and then use visual cues to crawl from the nest site to the sea (“seafinding”). However, the light wavelengths (λ’s) used to accomplish this orientation have not been thoroughly documented, nor do we understand why some λ’s are favored over others. We measured nocturnal radiance on the horizon at 20 nm intervals between 340 and 600 nm at two nesting beach sites and then, under laboratory conditions, determined the lowest intensities of those λ’s that induced green turtle and loggerhead hatchlings to crawl toward each light source (a low positive “phototaxis threshold”). Both species were similarly sensitive and were attracted to all λ’s. Radiance measures at all λ’s were greater toward the seaward horizon than toward the landward horizon, providing an important orientation cue regardless of variation in lunar illumination. Previous studies document that both species detect λ’s longer than those that are most attractive. We hypothesize that seafinding is a specialized response mediated by cones that are sensitive to the shorter λ’s (to minimize the effects of dark noise) but such as rods, are especially sensitive to low levels of nocturnal illumination.
Enabling Explorative Visualization with Full Temporal Resolution via In Situ Calculation of Temporal Intervals

We explore a technique for saving full spatiotemporal simulation data for visualization and analysis. While such data is typically prohibitively large to store, we consider an in situ reduction approach that takes advantage of temporal coherence to make storage sizes tractable in some cases. Rather than limiting our data reduction to individual time slices or time windows, our algorithms act on individual locations and save data to disk as temporal intervals. Our results show that the efficacy of piecewise approximations varies based on the desired error bound guarantee and tumultuousness of the time-varying data. We ran our in situ algorithms for one simulation and experienced promising results compared to the traditional paradigm. We also compared the results to two data reduction operators: wavelets and SZ.
O-028 Long-term outcomes of endovascular treatment of indirect carotid cavernous fistulae: superior efficacy, safety, and durability of transvenous coiling over other techniques

Introduction Endovascular surgery became the first line modality for treatment of indirect cavernous carotid fistulae (CCFs) as neurointerventional radiology matured in the 1980s. For approximately thirty years transvenous coiling of the cavernous sinus has been considered the safest and most efficacious technique. This retrospective multicenter review examines treatment results and long-term outcomes among patients undergoing endovascular treatment of indirect CCFs in light of newly available techniques and embolic agents. Materials and Methods Prospectively maintained procedure logs were retrospectively queried from four academic medical centers with high volume neurointerventional services. Patients undergoing endovascular treatment of indirect CCFs were identified. Patient demographics, symptoms and lesion characteristics were noted, including feeding arteries, drainage patterns, and presence of cortical venous reflux. Treatment approach and materials were recorded, as were any immediate complications. Medical records were reviewed for changes in symptoms following treatment, delayed complications, and angiographically-proven recurrence. Two-way chi-square tests were used, defining statistical significance as p Results Records sufficient for inclusion were available for 267 patients treated at the four centers between January 1987 and December 2016. Fistula obliteration was achieved in 86.5% patients, occurring in 86.9% of transvenous treatments and 79.5% of other treatments. Among 68 (25.5%) patients with bilateral inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) occlusion, transvenous embolization was successfully performed in 95.6%. Among patients with unilateral IPS occlusion, transvenous embolization was successful in 96.9%. Obliteration rates were highest following transvenous embolization using coils compared to all other materials (LR 5.0 p=0.024). Complications were less common with coil embolization compared to other materials (LR 0.070, p Conclusion Among the options available for endovascular treatment of CCFs, transvenous coil embolization via the IPS, even if occluded, is the safest and most effective technique. Embolization with liquid embolic agents is less effective and associated with higher rates of complications and should be avoided except for unusual circumstances in which their use should be carefully considered. Disclosures M. Alexander: None. V. Halbach: None. D. Hallam: None. D. Cooke: None. P. Meyers: None.
Flow cytometry-based assessment of direct-targeting anti-cancer antibody immune effector functions

Monoclonal antibody-based therapies are increasingly being used to treat cancer. Some mediate their therapeutic effects through modifying the function of immune cells globally, while others bind directly to tumor cells and can recruit immune effector cells through their Fc regions. As new direct-binding agents are developed, having the ability to test their Fc-mediated functions in a high-throughput manner is important for selecting antibodies with immune effector properties. Here, using monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) as an example and the CD20+ Raji cell line as tumor target, we describe flow cytometry-based assays for determining an antibody's capacity for mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). These assays are sensitive, reliable, affordable and avoid the use of radioactivity.
Hybrid Predicate Transition Nets - A Formal Method for Modeling and Analyzing Cyber-Physical Systems

Cyber-physical systems are complex systems with hybrid behaviors. In this paper, hybrid predicate transition nets (HPrTNs) are proposed for modeling and analyzing cyberphysical systems. HPrTNs are formally defined and their relationships to hybrid automata are shown. Important features of HPrTNs including continuous places, differential equations for defining token evolution, and net composition are discussed. The applicability of HPrTNs is demonstrated through several wellknown benchmark hybrid systems.
Race and Robotics

Despite suggestions to the contrary, technology has never been absented or distinct from discourses of race, and vice versa. There has long been an intimacy between these spheres, a mutually constitutive one that feeds those uncanny sensations that empower everything from science fiction, contemporary “Afrofuturism,” and the history of technology itself, which has not only been racialized in its effects but was produced in relationship to race. These intimacies between race and technology were born in the crucible of industrialization and slavery, and have helped establish what was called modernism as well as the assumptions of robotics and artificial intelligence.
What Did People Wear to the March for Science?: Social Change and Design Education

How does fashion design reflect on the world and connect with our society? During the March for Science 2017, tens of thousands of people conveyed abundant messages and opinion with diverse expressional methods. They wanted to humanize science, to respect diversity in our society, and to solve the problems alternatively. The purpose of the research is to address the value of cross-sectional teaching and researching in fashion design education toward making a better world through reviewing the role of dress in the March for Science. This study will suggest a future direction for design education to integrate diverse issues into fashion design curricula with community-based participatory research (CBPR). The research questions for the study are: 1) What is the role of dress in the March for Science? 2) How can design activities improve society? 3) What is the role of design educators to make a better world?
Review of Gamma-Irradiated Sterile Cornea: Properties, Indications, and New Directions.

ABSTRACT Gamma-irradiated sterile cornea (GISC) is a relatively new graft tissue that follows the 30-year success of irradiation to other tissues (bone and sclera) to lessen antigenic load and infection transmission. It can serve as a graft to cover glaucoma drainage devices, as graft tissue for frank or impending corneal perforations in tectonic keratoplasty, as graft tissue in lamellar keratoplasty, and as carrier tissue for keratoprosthesis. With the limited availability of fresh corneal tissue in less developed countries, GISC may fill a need for corneal tissue worldwide. It can be used in situations where corneal endothelium is not needed and with a greatly reduced risk of rejection and infection because of the effect of irradiation on corneal tissue.
Human articular cartilage is orthotropic where microstructure, micromechanics, and chemistry vary with depth and split-line orientation.

Summary Objective Quantitative, micrometer length scale assessment of human articular cartilage is essential to enable progress toward new functional tissue engineering approaches, including utilization of emerging 3D bioprinting technologies, and for improved computational modeling of the osteochondral unit. Thus the objective of this study was to characterize the structural organization, material properties, and chemical composition of human skeletally mature articular cartilage with respect to depth and defined morphological features: normal to the articulating surface, parallel to the split-line, and transverse to the split-line. Method Three samples from the lateral femoral condyles of 4 healthy adult donors (55–61 years old) were evaluated via histology, second harmonic generation, microindentation, and Raman spectroscopy. All metrics were evaluated as a function of depth and direction relative to the split-line. Results All donors presented with intact and healthy tissue. Collagen fiber orientation varied significantly between testing directions and with increasing depth from the articular surface. Both compressive and tensile modulus increased significantly with depth and differed across the middle and deep zones and depended on orthogonal direction relative to the split-line. Similarly, matrix components varied with both depth and direction, where chondroitin sulfate steadily increased with depth while collagen prevalence was highest in the surface layer. Conclusions Microscale measurements of human articular cartilage demonstrate that properties are both depth-dependent and orthotropic and depend on the underlying tissue structure and composition. These findings improve upon existing knowledge establishing more accurate measurements, with greater degree of depth and spatial specificity, as inputs for tissue engineering and computational modeling.