cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Review: Modernism after Wagner by Juliet Koss

Juliet Koss Modernism after Wagner . Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010, 416 pp., 14 color and 100 b/w illus. $88.50 (cloth), $29.50 (paper), ISBN 9780816651597 Few modern German cultural figures have been as admired and universally influential on opera, theater, and art theory as Richard Wagner. Year after year in opera houses around the world, his gods ascend to Valhalla only to fade away in the twilight of their own contradictions in a great variety of productions, although each staging keeps its eye on the worshipped performances at Wagner's original theater in Bayreuth. This theater, designed by Otto Bruckwald (exterior) and Karl Brandt (interior), drew from plans that Wagner had worked out with Gottfried Semper. Semper's views on architecture and its capacity to integrate other arts echoed Wagner's own emerging ideas on what would become his theory of the Gesamtkunstwerk (total work of art). While the term was not originally Wagner's—the philosopher Karl Friedrich Eusebius Trahndorff first used it in 1827—his theoretical development of an ideal integration of all of the arts continues to impact to this day conceptualizations of art and performance well beyond the operatic sphere. And yet as powerful as the term and as popular as the operas have been, it is undeniably Adolf Hitler and other National Socialist leaders’ celebration of Wagner (aided during the 1930s by Winfried Wagner, the composer's daughter-in-law) that has impacted every subsequent analytic approach to the Gesamtkunstwerk and its various iterations. Criticism of the composer's reactionary tendencies began in his own lifetime, including Nietzsche's conclusion that Wagner's operas were essentially addictive and, like a drug, blunted the critical capacity of the audience. But by far the best-known critic was Theodor Adorno. His In Search of Wagner , written in the heat of exile in 1937–38 but not published until 1952, slashes and burns its way through various aesthetic strategies and reactionary themes raised by the composer.1 While grudgingly acknowledging the complexity and importance of the …
Atypical azurophilic crystals in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A case report and comparison with other crystalline inclusions.

A unique type of azurophilic crystalline inclusion in malignant lymphocytes in a case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is described. The histochemistry, light and electron microscopy of the crystals in the present case are compared with the better documented and more common lymphocyte crystals seen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and with Auer bodies. The subject crystals most closely resemble those comprising Auer bodies morphologically, but they differ histochemically.
Accumulation of para-aminohippurate by slices of kidney from rabbits of various ages.

SummaryWhen the factor of high water content is eliminated, slices of kidney from the fetal rabbit accumulate as much PAH from surrounding medium as those from the adult. Slices of kidney from newborn rabbit are significantly deficient (p = <.01) in this function when compared to those from fetus or adult.
Modified Car-Top Insect Trap Functional to 45 mph

The car-top insect trap described by Sommerman and Simmet (1965), which diverts the insects from their flight path into a small cage attached to the sunshade inside the vehicle, has been slightly modified to function at speeds up to 45 mph. It has not been tested beyond this limit because that was the maximum speed recommended for the vehicle being used. However, it has been driven at this speed into a rather strong breeze and almost all specimens were still coming through alive and in good condition. In fact, the mayflies and large crane flies came through then in better shape (with all appendages still attached) than at 25 mph, when 1 or 2 appendages often were missing. Occasionally a large, robust fly was ruptured or decapitated, apparently on impact with the edge of the metal cross-pieces at the front of the trap. At 45 mph, 4 of the vent holes at the base of the concentrating funnel were open. When the humidity was low, the cages needed changing at shorter intervals to prevent desiccation of the more fragile insects.
The practice of medicine. Transference, dialectic and human encounter.

Many persons consulting physicians have a significant emotional component to their illnesses, whatever their symptom complex. To cope with this, physicians should familiarize themselves with various levels of discourse. Ongoing psychiatric supervision for six months or longer is strongly recommended as a requirement for all medical students.
THE 1989 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS : INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF VULVAR DISEASE

Major changes in the terminology for vulvar disease have taken place in the past 20 years under the influence of the members of the International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease. Major terminology changes have been made for vulvar nonneoplastic disorders, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma.
The Effect of Acute Obstruction on Ureteral Function

In an effort to understand the physiologic processes which contribute to, or hinder the transport of stones through the ureter, we examined the intraluminal ureteral pressures and peristaltic activity above and below the acutely obstructed site. Because of patient differences, variability in stone size, shape and composition, an in vivo animal model was developed to study acute ureteral obstruction. Five adult mongrel dogs were anesthetized. A midline celiotomy was made and an open-ended ureteral catheter was inserted through a distal ureterotomy and advanced up the ureter. An angiographic balloon catheter was inserted through a small nephrotomy and directed down the ureter. The experiment was divided into phases: control, ureteral obstruction (balloon inflation) and release of obstruction (balloon deflation). Compared to control values, peristaltic rate above the obstruction increased significantly (p less than 0.05), as well as baseline, peak, and delta (peak minus baseline) pressures. In contrast, the peristaltic rate below the obstructed site remained approximately the same as its control, despite the significant decreases in baseline, peak, and delta (p less than 0.05) pressures. Failure of transmission of effective peristalsis across the obstructed site may hinder stone passage; however, this remains to be proven. Moreover, the failure of transmission of the increased rate of peristalsis past the balloon and persistence of peristaltic activity below the site of obstruction despite absence of urine flow suggest segmental forces influence peristaltic activity.
Applying measurement to complementary situation awareness

As networks in complex domains such as cyber security increasingly become distributed, with multiple human and automated agents working together to complete team goals, capturing situation awareness (SA) becomes more difficult. Often, SA is defined and measured as individual SA (the knowledge held by an individual, such as a system administrator) or as shared SA (the knowledge held in common by multiple individuals). For these two types, ideal and actual SA have been measured using goal-oriented task analysis and knowledge-specific queries, respectively. We argue that measurements of SA could fill a gap by additionally measuring complementary SA (the knowledge elements held separately by individuals). In the current paper, we suggest how measures for individual SA can be applied to the measurement of the complementary component of SA. We adapt a technique that involves completing a goal-oriented task analysis for a given context and then querying human operators about specific knowledge elements. This adaption allows for the quantification of goal-oriented knowledge elements that are held by team members but are not shared. This technique for quantifying team SA that is complementary as well as shared can be applied to assess trainees and to inform future training programs. Understanding and measuring multiple facets of SA will help improve efficiency and security in distributed teams in cyber security. First, we review the literature on existing measurement techniques for SA, then we outline how measurement can be applied to complementary SA. Lastly, we discuss some applications of measuring complementary SA.
What Is Critical Pedagogy Good For? An Interview with Ira Shor

In this chapter Ira Shor discusses Critical Literacy as it takes shape inside critical pedagogy, where teachers invite students to explicitly question the status quo in the name of social justice, democratic rights, and equality. According to Shor, this approach is a “situated pedagogy” shaped by and for specific themes, locations, and constituencies—from multicultural to feminist to socialist to queer to environmental, from K-12 to college to labor and community education, from urban to rural. He adds that Freirean critical pedagogy, of course, involves practices and frameworks derived from the foundational work of Paulo Freire, whose “pedagogy of the oppressed” was a class-based practice, offering dialogic literacy programs to Brazilian peasants and workers through a problem-posing process. The challenge has always been to diversify the singular focus on social class and to reinvent the approach for other times and places outside Brazil.
Androgen Effects on the Skeletal Muscle

Publisher Summary The publication of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of a supraphysiological dose of testosterone in healthy young men with or without a standardized program of resistance exercise training in 1996 provided conclusive evidence that supraphysiologic doses of testosterone increase skeletal muscle mass and maximal voluntary strength and that these anabolic effects of testosterone are augmented by resistance exercise training. It unleashed an enormous pharmaceutical and academic investment into the discovery of non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) that are preferentially anabolic. This chapter reviews the epidemiological and clinical trials data on the effects of testosterone on skeletal muscle mass, muscle performance and physical function, the potential applications of testosterone and other androgens as function promoting anabolic therapies and the current hurdles in drug development efforts.
Transitions from the Academic Heap: New Directions Within the System

I practiced in a golden age of physiology. We built on an age of resuscitation, and medicine had not yet become molecular. I joined Peter Safar’s world and was paid to work in the ICU, under Ake Grenvik’s supervision, as resident, fellow, and junior staff. Our explication of the physiology to resolve opposing viewpoints gained us authority and led to publications that rationalized promotion. Getting authority also required physical presence when the admitting physicians came to visit, which cost time at home.
Building semantic kernels for cross-document knowledge discovery using Wikipedia

Research into text mining has progressed over the past decade. One of the main challenges now is gauging the difficulty of taking advantage of outside knowledge in the discovery process. In this work, to address the limitations of the traditional bag-of- words model and expand the search scope beyond the document collections at hand, we present a new text mining approach incorporating Wikipedia as the background knowledge. Various semantic kernels are built out of the extensive knowledge derived from Wikipedia and applied to the search scenario of detecting potential semantic relationships between topics. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through comparing with competitive baselines, as well as alternative solutions where only part of Wikipedia resources (e.g., the Wiki-article contents or the associated Wiki-categories) is considered.
Security engineering of nanostructures and nanomaterials

Proliferation of electronics and their increasing connectivity pose formidable challenges for information security. At the most fundamental level, nanostructures and nanomaterials offer an unprecedented opportunity to introduce new approaches to securing electronic devices. First, we discuss engineering nanomaterials, (e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)) to make unclonable cryptographic primitives. These security primitives not only can supplement existing solutions in silicon integrated circuits (ICs) but can also be used for emerging applications in flexible and wearable electronics. Second, we discuss security engineering of advanced nanostructures such as reactive materials.
The Role of Master Gardeners in Providing Horticulture Education to Marion County, Florida, Residents

According to the Miami New Times Florida has the second fewest native residents of any state. Only 36 % of Florida’s population in 2012 are born Floridians. Newcomers to Florida often find it difficult to grow a garden in the sandy soil prevalent throughout the state. This presents an opportunity for Master Gardeners (MGs) to offer educational programs for residents to address identified needs. Among the objectives of this group are to teach residents how to build healthy soils and to explain their role in protecting the environment beginning with practices adopted in their backyard. This is achieved by using multiple venues, for instance, the extension office, garden clubs, homeowners’ associations, and public libraries, and presentation methods are utilized by MGs to teach youth and adult residents topics such as Building Healthy Soil, Composting, Vegetable Gardening, Lawn Care, and Pest Management. A year-end survey of residents participating in horticulture activities offered by the MGs showed 82 % (n-65) never took a soil test before program participation. This number declined to 25 % after the class. A total of 64 % of the respondents adopted to implement up to three gardening practices as a result of participating in horticulture programs offered by MGs and 14 % adopted four to six practices. Participation in educational activities offered by the MGs show an upward trend. For example, the Speakers’ Bureau has seen a 9 % increase in requests for educational talks between January and March 2015 compared to the same time frame in 2014. The emphasis placed on building healthy soil and the tools with which to do it are making the public more aware of the need to understand the environment as it relates to achieving productive vegetable gardens and a beautiful landscape.
Bone Microvasculature Tracks Red Blood Cell Size Diminution in Triassic Mammal and Dinosaur Forerunners

Vertebrate red blood cells (RBCs) display a range of sizes, spanning orders of magnitude in volume in different clades [1]. The importance of this size variation to diffusion during exercise is reinforced by functional links between RBC and capillary diameters [2, 3]. Small RBCs, such as those of mammals (which lack nuclei) and birds, contribute to shorter diffusion distances and permit relatively fast O2 uptake kinetics [4]. Although constraints on RBC size have been tied to the cell's need to attend capillary sizes for effective gas diffusion [3], as well as to genome size evolution [5, 6], major questions persist concerning patterns of RBC size evolution and its paleobiological significance. Here, we evaluate the relationship between RBC sizes and bone histometry and use microstructural evidence to trace their evolution in a phylogeny of extinct tetrapods. We find that several fossilizable aspects of bone microstructure, including the sizes of vascular and lacunar (cellular) spaces, provide useful indicators of RBC size in tetrapods. We also show that Triassic non-mammalian cynodonts had reduced and densely packed vascular canals identical to those of some mammals and likely accommodated smaller, more mammal-like RBCs. Reduced channel diameters accommodating smaller RBCs predated the origin of crown mammals by as much as 70 million years. This discovery offers a new proxy for the physiologic status of the mammal and avian stem groups and contextualizes the independent origins of their increased activity metabolism.
Mercury from mineral deposits and potential environmental impact

Mercury deposits are globally distributed in 26 mercury mineral belts. Three types of mercury deposits occur in these belts: silica–carbonate, hot-spring, and Almaden. Mercury is also produced as a by-product from several types of gold–silver and massive sulfide deposits, which account for 5% of the world's production. Other types of mineral deposits can be enriched in mercury and mercury phases present are dependent on deposit type. During processing of mercury ores, secondary mercury phases form and accumulate in mine wastes. These phases are more soluble than cinnabar, the primary ore mineral, and cause mercury deposits to impact the environment more so than other types of ore deposits enriched in mercury. Release and transport of mercury from mine wastes occur primarily as mercury-enriched particles and colloids. Production from mercury deposits has decreased because of environmental concerns, but by-product production from other mercury-enriched mineral deposits remains important.
The role of stressful life events preceding death by suicide: Evidence from two samples of suicide decedents

Stressful life events (SLEs) are associated with increased risk for suicidal behavior. Less is known regarding the intensity of SLEs and how this may vary as a function of suicide attempt history. As a large percentage of suicide decedents do not have a history of suicidal behavior, SLEs precipitating suicide may help characterize suicidality in this understudied population. This paper examines the intensity, number, and accumulation of SLEs preceding death by suicide among decedents with varying suicide attempt histories. Suicide attempts, SLEs, and suicide methods were examined in two samples: 62 prison-based and 117 community-based suicide decedents. Regression was used to compare the level of stressor precipitating death by suicide in decedents who died on a first attempt versus multiple previous attempts. A non-significant trend was observed in the prison population which was supported by significant findings in the community-based sample. Decedents who died on a first attempt experienced a stressor of a lower magnitude when compared to decedents with multiple previous suicide attempts. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to the stress-diathesis model for suicide.
Cerebral vascular responses to anesthetics.

The volatile anesthetics, halothane and isoflurane, cause cerebral vasodilation, especially at concentrations required to induce deep planes of anesthesia. Furthermore, most,1,2,3 but not all,4,5 studies in animals have demonstrated that isoflurane causes less cerebral vasodilation than halothane. However, low concentrations of either volatile anesthetic do not appear to affect the cerebral blood flow (CBF). Manohar and Parks6 demonstrated that CBF in swine models was not significantly altered at 1 MAC isoflurane. Similar observations were made by Cucchiara et al. 1 in dogs. Murphy et al. 7 reported no change in CBF in humans receiving 0.6 MAC halothane or 1.1 MAC isoflurane.
High Approximation for Banach Space Valued Functions

Here we study quantitatively the high degree of approximation of sequences of linear operators acting on Banach space valued differentiable functions to the unit operator.
7.2 to 1 ultra-wideband dual-linear polarized phased array with 60° scanning

We present an ultra-wideband dual-linear polarized phased array that scans down to 60° in both E and H planes. The dual-linear polarized array employs a tightly coupled dipole array (TCDA) topology that achieves an ultra-wide bandwidth from 2.5GHz to 18GHz (7.2:1) with total a height less than 12mm (λ low /10). The array consists of cross-located tightly coupled dipoles and is integrated with a folded Marchand balun that serve as an impedance transformer and a feeding network. To improve scanning performance, the traditional dielectric superstrate is replaced with a frequency selective surface (FSS) structure that facilitates fabrication process. The developed TCDA scans down to 60° in both E and H plane across the entire 7.2:1 band with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) VSWR<4. Corresponding port-to-port isolation is kept at less than 20dB at broadside and when scanning.
Varying blood pressure in children: a diagnostic quandary interpreting the Fourth Report.

Abstract Background Fourth Report guidelines on pediatric blood pressure (BP) are not clear when defining hypertension in children as "an average systolic BP and/or diastolic BP that is ≥ 95 th percentile for gender, age, and height on ≥ 3 occasions." We aimed to determine the prevalence of pediatric hypertension in a screening population based on two different guideline interpretations. Methods Prevalence of hypertension among 2, 094 students at 4 Houston area schools was calculated based on the summation or sustained model definition from Fourth Report guidelines. Summation hypertension definition required the single average of the blood pressures recorded across three visits to be elevated. Sustained hypertension definition required blood pressure at each of three visits to be elevated. Results Hypertension prevalence by the summation method was 7% while sustained prevalence was only 3.3%. Nearly a quarter of students had varying blood pressure and were not classifiable by the sustained method but most would be classified as normal or pre-hypertensive by the summation method. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension among adolescents doubled depending on the interpretation of Fourth Report guidelines. While methods in research studies can be clearly examined upon publication of results, it is unknown which interpretation method is being used in clinical practice.
Validity of the 4-compartment model using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived body volume in overweight individuals.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the validity of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to estimate body volume (BV) for use in a 4-compartment (4C) body composition model in an overw...
Wine and the History of Western Civilization

There is plenty of evidence that the culture of the vine and the art of winemaking existed long before the chronicles found in Egyptian hieroglyphics. The very first chapter of the Old Testament describes how Noah landed his ark on Mount Ararat and promptly planted a vineyard in order to make wine.
Failure analysis for micro-electrical-mechanical systems (MEMS)

Micro-Electrical Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is an emerging technology with demonstrated potential for a wide range of applications including sensors and actuators for medical, industrial, consumer, military, automotive and instrumentation products. Failure analysis (FA) of MEMS is critically needed for the successful design, fabrication, performance analysis and reliability assurance of this new technology. Many devices have been examined using techniques developed for integrated circuit analysis, including optical inspection, scanning laser microscopy (SLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focused ion beam (FIB) techniques, atomic force microscopy (AFM), infrared (IR) microscopy, light emission (LE) microscopy, acoustic microscopy and acoustic emission analysis. For example, the FIB was used to microsection microengines that developed poor performance characteristics. Subsequent SEM analysis clearly demonstrated the absence of wear on gear, hub, and pin joint bearing surfaces, contrary to expectations. Another example involved the use of infrared microscopy for thermal analysis of operating microengines. Hot spots were located, which did not involve the gear or hub, but indicated contact between comb structures which drive microengines. Voltage contrast imaging proved useful on static and operating MEMS in both the SEM and the FIB and identified electrostatic clamping as a potentially significant contributor to failure mechanisms in microengines. This work describes MEMS devices, FA techniques, failure modes, and examples of FA of MEMS.
¿La astrología como ciencia? Un estudio comparativo entre el "Astrólogo fingido" de Calderón de la Barca y la versión en inglés "The Feign'd Astrologer" (1668)

La tematica principal trazada en "El astrologo fingido", comedia calderoniana de principios del siglo XVII, fue adaptada a los nuevos gustos del regimen monarquico ingles de la Restauracion con la publicacion y representacion en 1668 de la comedia anonima titulada "The Feign'd Astrologer". A pesar de las semejanzas y diferencias tanto tematicas como estructurales existentes entre ambas fuentes, el discurso astrologico que en ellas se desarrolla se erige en el elemento central hacia el que dichas obras convergen. Este ensayo se centra en un estudio comparativo entre la version calderoniana y la adaptacion inglesa de 1668. Se observara como el discurse sobre la astrologia pone en juego toda una retorica de enredos que acaba por sancionar a esta como un elemento para transmitir de falsedad y engano, poniendo asi en entredicho su caracter cientifico y conviertiendola en objeto de constante burla y comicidad.
Models for Simultaneous Diffusion and Chemical Reaction of Oxygen within the Intact Red Cell of Whole Blood

A great amount of work has been done in the area of the oxygenation of blood. Studies have been devoted to the diffusion of ligand gases through plasma, hemoglobin solutions, and whole blood. Chemical reaction studies have been made testing various kinetic models. Much work has been done with hemoglobin solutions and millipore membranes to simulate the environment within the red cell. Fleischman (7) has presented a survey of some of the pertinent work done in this field. Of more interest to this discussion are the studies that have involved the simultaneous considerations of oxygen diffusion and chemical reaction with hemoglobin in the intact red cell of whole blood.
Breast Cancer Stem Cells and miRNAs

Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women. Following the initial diagnosis and treatment, a significant number of patients suffer eventual relapse characterized by chemoresistant form of the disease and poor prognosis. For this reason, there is an urgent need to discover new disease targets for successful therapy outcomes. Breast cancer stem cells (bCSCs) are a niche population that is chemoresistant, possess self-renewal capacity and contribute to malignant disease and poor clinical outcomes. In humans, bCSCs express increased levels of ALDH and cancer stem-cell marker CD44. Several studies have linked these cells to advanced breast cancer. miRNAs are small non coding RNA molecules that control gene activity via post-transcriptional regulation. There is evidence that miRNAs are involved in survival and in maintaining self-renewal capacity and chemoresistant potential of bCSCs. Thus, it may be possible to devise novel and highly effective therapy regimens that rely on identifying specific miRNAs and targeting them to prevent chemoresistance and relapse. While treatment strategies relying on replacement of antitumor miRNAs or inhibition of oncogenic miRNAs are still in their infancy, there is increasing excitement toward this RNAi approach to treat breast cancer. Many groups have started combining anti-miRNA molecular drugs with chemotherapy drugs to prevent chemoresistance. Technical and experimental strategies and advances reported here will improve the clinical outcomes for breast cancer patients.
Data Integration Innovations to Enhance Analytic Utility of Clinical Trial Content to Inform Health Disparities Research.

Project Data Sphere (PDS) is a research platform that provides the research community with broad access to both de-identified patient-level data from oncology clinical trials and related analytic tools. While these data are rich in measures that characterize the clinical trials under study, data providers are required to de-identify patient-level data by removing key demographic data. To address these analytic constraints, the data profiles in selected PDS patient-level cancer phase III clinical datasets have been augmented by linking the social, economic, and health-related characteristics of like cancer survivors from nationally representative health and health care-related survey data. Using statistical linkage and model-based techniques, patient-level records in selected PDS datasets have been linked to those of comparable cancer survivors, and are thereby augmented with survey content on social, economic and health-related characteristics. These new analytically enhanced PDS data resources enable more targeted analyses designed to examine questions such as how disparities in cancer patients’ access to health care and income impact patient outcomes in specific phase III clinical trials, and what variations in patient outcomes are associated with specific demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors. This study provides an overview of the methodologies used to connect patient-level clinical trial data with nationally representative health-related data on cancer survivors from the national Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). MEPS was designed to provide national population-based health care use, expenditure, and source of payment estimates in addition to measures of health status, demographic characteristics, employment, health insurance coverage, and access to health care. Study findings include probabilistic assessments of the representation of the patients in the respective clinical trials relative to the characteristics of cancer survivors in the general population. The study also demonstrates how the augmented datasets serve to enable researchers to assess the impact of socioeconomic factors added through data integration on cancer survival and related outcomes of interest.
Abstract 2169: Doxorubicin conjugation to reovirus enhances tumor cell-directed oncolysis

Breast cancer remains the most diagnosed type of cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women in the United States. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 10-20% of breast cancer cases. TNBCs are characterized by lack of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors and growth factor receptor HER2/Neu on the cell surface. Therapies that target ER, PR, or HER2 are thus ineffective against TNBC. TNBC is primarily treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which can cause significant damage to healthy cells and tissue. Therefore, there is need for therapies that selectively kill TNBC cells with reduced off-tumor effects. The concept of oncolytic virotherapy has existed since the early 1900s. However, oncolytic viruses have limited efficacy as single agents. Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is a non-enveloped, segmented double-stranded RNA virus with tropism for transformed cells. Reovirus is in Phase I - III clinical trials to test its oncolytic efficacy against a variety of cancers. Success has been limited and few trials have tested reovirus against breast cancer. In a high-throughput screen of small molecule inhibitors, we identified the topoisomerase II inhibitor doxorubicin hydrochloride (dox) as an enhancer of reovirus infectivity in the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. To better control dox delivery and enhance reovirus oncolytic potential, we chemically conjugated dox to reovirus virions (reo-dox). While reo-dox attachment to MDA-MB-231 cells is slightly impaired, viral replication is largely unaffected. Infection of MDA-MB-231 cells with reo-dox resulted in increased cytopathicity and faster induction of cell death than virus alone. MDA-MB-231 cells infected with reo-dox, but not virus alone, induced DNA double-strand breaks and activation of DNA damage response. Together, our findings show that reo-dox exhibits superior toxicity in TNBC cells than virus alone. Future studies will define the mechanism of enhanced cytopathicity of reo-dox and oncolytic efficacy of dox-conjugated reovirus in vivo. Delivery of small molecule inhibitors via conjugation to reovirus particles may provide an effective new method to directly target and kill cancer cells while minimizing toxicity to healthy cells and tissues. Citation Format: Jameson T. Berry, Bernardo A. Mainou. Doxorubicin conjugation to reovirus enhances tumor cell-directed oncolysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2169.
Trends and Inpatient Outcomes of Venous Thromboembolism-Related Admissions in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

Background Patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (MF), have a significant risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aim to determine the trends in annual rates of VTE-related admissions, associated cost, length of stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality in patients with MPN. Methods We identified patients with PV, ET, and MF from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2006 to 2014 using ICD-9CM coding. Hospitalizations where VTE was among the top-three diagnoses were considered VTE-related. We compared in-hospital outcomes between VTE and non-VTE hospitalizations using chi-square and Mann–Whitney U-test and used linear regression for trend analysis. Results We identified 1,046,666 admissions with a diagnosis of MPN. Patients were predominantly white (65.6%), females (52.7%), with a median age of 66 years (range: 18–108). The predominant MPN was ET (54%). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality between groups (VTE: 3.4% vs. non-VTE: 3.2%; p = 0.12); however, VTE admissions had a longer LOS (median: 6 vs. 5 days; p The annual rate of VTE admissions decreased over time (2006: 3.94% vs. 2014: 2.43%; p ≤ 0.01), compared with non-VTE–related admissions. Conclusion In our study, VTE-related admissions had similar in-hospital mortality as compared with non-VTE–related admissions. The rates of hospitalizations due to VTE have decreased over time but are associated with a higher cost and LOS. Newer risk assessment tools may assist in preventing VTE in high-risk patients and optimizing resource utilization.
Cystatin C- Versus Creatinine-Based Assessment of Renal Function and Prediction of Early Outcomes Among Patients With a Left Ventricular Assist Device

Background: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine (sCr) improves early after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation but subsequently declines. Although s...
Injection Drug Use in Patients With Spinal Epidural Abscess: Nationwide Data, 2000 to 2013

Study design Retrospective review of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample, 2000 to 2013. Objective To determine the proportion of spinal epidural abscess (SEA) cases that were related to injection drug use (IDU) and to compare length of stay, leaving against medical advice, paralysis, cauda equina syndrome, radiculitis, and in-hospital mortality between SEA cases with and without IDU. Summary of background data The US opioid epidemic impacts all aspects of healthcare, including spinal surgeons. Although injection drug use (IDU) is a risk factor for spinal epidural abscess (SEA), IDU among SEA patients and its effect on clinical outcomes is not well understood. Methods Cases aged 15 to 64 with principal diagnosis of SEA were classified as IDU-related (IDU-SEA) or non-IDU-related (non-IDU-SEA) using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for illicit drug use and hepatitis C. We determined the proportion of SEA patients with IDU and compared length of stay, leaving against medical advice, paralysis, cauda equina syndrome, radiculitis, and in-hospital mortality between IDU-SEA and non-IDU-SEA patients. Results From 2000 to 2013, there were 20,425 admissions with a principal diagnosis of SEA (95% confidence interval (CI), 19,281-21,568); 19.1% were associated with IDU (95% CI, 17.7%-20.5%). The proportion of white IDU-SEA cases increased by 2.4 percentage points annually (95% CI, 1.4-3.4). After adjusting for age, sex, and race, IDU-SEA patients stayed a mean of 6.7 more days in the hospital (95% CI, 5.1-8.2) and were 4.8 times more likely to leave against medical advice (95% CI, 2.9-8.0). Mean hospital charges for IDU-SEA patients were $31,603 higher (95% CI: $20,721-$42,485). Patients with IDU-SEA were less likely to have cauda equina syndrome (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48, 95% CI, 0.26-0.87). Conclusion IDU-SEA patients stay in the hospital longer and more often leave against medical advice. Providers and hospitals may benefit from exploring how to better facilitate completion of inpatient treatment and achieve superior outcomes. Level of evidence 3.
Outcomes of the Treatment with Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir following heart transplantation utilizing hepatitis C viremic donors.

Background The use of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) has expanded transplantation from hepatitis C viremic donors (HCV-VIR). Our team has conducted an open-label, prospective trial to assess outcomes transplanting HCV viremic hearts. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) was our sole DAA. Methods Serial quantitative hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA PCR was obtained to assess HCV viral titers. Between January 2018 and June 2019, a total of 50 recipients were transplanted. Of these, 22/50 (44%) were from HCV-VIR, the remaining 28 from non-viremic (HCV NON-VIR) donors. An 8-week course of GLE/PIB was initiated at 1 week post-transplant. Results There was no difference in demographic or clinical parameters between groups. All 22 recipients of HCV-VIR transplants became viremic. GLE/PIB was effective in decreasing viremia to undetectable levels by 6 weeks post-transplant in all patients. The median time to first undetectable HCV quantitative PCR was (4.3 weeks, IQR: 4-5.7 weeks). All patients demonstrated sustained undetectable viral load through 1-year follow-up. There was no difference in survival at one year between HCV NON-VIR 28/28: (100%) vs HCV-VIR 21/22 (95%) recipients. Conclusions Our center reports excellent outcomes in transplanting utilizing hearts from HCV-VIR donors. No effect on survival or co-morbidity was found. An 8-week GLE/PIB course was safe and effective when initiated approximately 1 week post-transplant.
Expression and significance of Heparanase and nm23 in malignant melanoma

Objective To clarify the molecular mechanism of development,invasion and metastasis of human malignant melanoma, we detect the expression of heparanase and nm23 in malignant melanoma. Methods The expression of heparanase and nm23 in 30 malignant melanoma, 30 melanocytic nevus and 20 normal skin were detected by SP immunohistochemistry. Results Positive rates of heparanase in malignant melanoma (63.33%) were significantly higher than that in normal skin. Positive rates of nm 23 in malignant melanoma (36.67%) were significantly lower than that in normal skin (90.00%) and melanocytic nevus(86.67% ). Both of the expression of heparanase and nm23 in metastasize malignant melanoma were greatly different to the no metastasis ones. Conclusions Heparanase and nm23 are closely related to the metastasis of malignant melanoma,and may be the predictors of the metastasis. Key words: Malignant melanoma; Heparanase; nm23
Resting-State Function Connectivity Associated With Being a "Morning-Type" Dementia Caregiver and Having Lower Depression Symptom Severity.

Objectives A lack of "morningness" predicts greater depression symptom severity over time, including in a vulnerable group of older adults: family dementia caregivers (dCGs). Evidence regarding the neurobiological basis of these correlations is needed to guide future research towards biomarker-informed detection and prevention approaches. We therefore primarily aimed to identify simple resting-state biomarkers that correlated with a lack of "morningness" in dCGs. Methods We examined 54 dCGs (mean age=70, range: 61-84; 70% female) of whom 40% were definite "morning types" according to Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM). Using a 7 Tesla resting-state sequence, we compared the functional connectivity of nodes in networks previously implicated in depression (fronto-parietal, default mode, limbic, and salience) between caregivers who were and were not "morning types." Results Correcting for voxel-wise comparisons, "morning type" dCGs had less amygdala-posterior cingulate connectivity (Cohen's d=-1.3), which statistically mediated ~32% of the association between the degree of "morningness" and lower depression severity. Post-hoc analyses of CSM items found significant correlations, with both amygdala-posterior cingulate FC and depression severity, for: 4/6 items pertaining to difficulty, 2/5 items pertaining to preference, and 0/2 items pertaining to typical patterns. Discussion Prior research shows that amygdala-posterior cingulate connectivity increases when allocating attention to peripheral aspects of negative emotional stimuli. As such, difficulty with morning activation may relate to the ongoing direction of focus around distressing content; in contrast, morning activity participation may serve to limit focus on distress. Replication and experimental studies are required to confirm these associations and their modifiability.
E-053 Mount everest technique (MET) with the novel tenzing inserts and super large bore catheters – Technique and initial experience

Purpose To report the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the large bore catheters with matching Tenzing inserts for first pass efficacy in stroke thrombectomy without need for crossing the clot. Methods We performed a retrospective review of our prospectively maintained neurointerventional database of mechanical thrombectomy for stroke. Patient demographics, clinical information, procedural and radiographic data was collected. Results The most widely used techniques for stroke thrombectomy are aspiration, stent-retrievers or combination of these. The Mount Everest Technique (MET) has been designed combining innovative technology and the “Law of Conservation of Matter”, taking advantage of not needing to cross the clot with the bigger catheters to “ingest” the clot with very high first pass success. The Mount Everest Technique (MET) entails a triaxial assembly with an 8 Fr 0.106” Guiding Catheter (Base Camp), a 088” HiPoint “catheter on a stick/wire” with matching self-centering Tenzing insert catheter. The Tenzing catheter is used to climb up to the clot then, while pulling this insert out, the 088” catheter is capable to progress into the clot “ingesting” it, thanks to the “Law of Conservation of Matter”. The aspiration force is applied from the Base Camp catheter with the 088” HiPoint within the clot as a single assembly, thus taking the advantage of the super large bore distal catheter and the stable 0.106” Base Camp, resulting in the capability of physically “ingest” the clot. At the time of the abstract submission, we have utilized this novel Mount Everest Technique (MET) in 6 patients with large vessel occlusions involving the anterior circulation (ICA T-terminus and MCA M1 occlusions), with single pass (5) and 2 passes (1) complete vascular reperfusion of the occluded vessel in all the cases (TICI 3). No embolization in previously unaffected vascular territories or post procedure SAH has been observed. Conclusion The Mount Everest Technique (MET) combines the technological novelty of the 0.106” Base Camp, 088” HiPoint and matching self-centering Tenzing insert catheters to navigate these super large bore catheters to the face of the clot without needing to cross them with large microcatheters or wires. Thereafter based on the “Law of Conservation of Matter”, the retraction of the Tenzing insert while applying a suction force at the HiPoint catheter results in the “ingestion” of the clot in toto. This technique and catheter combination have led to 100% TICI 3 recanalization with 80% first pass success in our initial experience. Disclosures F. Massari: None. J. Singh: None. A. Kuhn: None. V. Naragum: None. V. Anagnostakou: None. M. Gounis: None. A. Puri: None.
CT-046: Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide in HLA-Matched and Haploidentical Transplant Recipients Receiving a Myeloablative Fractionated Busulfan Conditioning Regimen: Results of a Phase II Study

Context Fractionated busulfan/fludarabine (Bu-Flu) myeloablative conditioning yields low non-relapse mortality (NRM) in older patients and those with comorbidities after matched sibling (MSD) or unrelated (MUD) donor transplant (HCT). [Popat et al, Lancet Haematology 2018]. This has not been tested in haploidentical patients, and safety of post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) GVHD prophylaxis with this approach is unknown; both aims were assessed in the current trial. Objective Primary objective/endpoints were safety/NRM. Design Open label, non-randomized, phase II. Participants Eligibility criteria included any hematologic malignancy, age Interventions Patients received busulfan 80 mg/m2 i.v. either on days -13 and -12 (n=45) or with further fractionation (days -20 and -13; n=10) and fludarabine 40 mg/m2 i.v. plus busulfan (days -6 to -2) dosed to achieve target AUC 20,000 pmol/min per pharmacokinetic studies. Haploidentical patients received thiotepa 5 mg/kg i.v on day -7. GVHD prophylaxis included PTCy 50 mg/kg i.v. and tacrolimus. Haploidentical and later MUD recipients also received mycophenolate mofetil. Results Fifty-five patients were enrolled between 08/2016 and06/2018; median follow-up was 37.6 months (range, 25.3–47.8). Diagnoses were AML/MDS (n=30), CML/MPN (n=9), ALL (n=6), and lymphoma/myeloma (n=10). Donors were haploidentical (n=26, 47%), MUD (n=18, 33%), or MSD (n=11, 20%) with PB (n=33, 60%) or BM graft. DRI was intermediate/high (n=50, 91%); 40% (n=22) had HCT-CI >3. There was no graft failure. Median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 17 days (range, 13–39) and 25 days (range, 11–167). Day 100 NRM was 16.4% (95% CI 6.5–26.2%) and 24.6% (12.6–36.6%) at 3-years. Day 100 grade II–IV and III–IV acute GVHD was 38.2% (95% CI 25.2–51.2%) and 9.1% (95% CI 1.4–16.8%), 3-year chronic GVHD (all extensive) was 15.2% (95% CI 5.3–25.1%). Relapse was 25.5% (95% CI 13.8–37.1%), PFS 50% (95% CI 38.1–65.6%), OS 60.7% (95% CI 48.7–75.6%). Conclusions Myeloablative fractionated Bu-Flu with PTCy is safe and effective in MSD, MUD, and haploidentical HCT. It appears to reduce the severe acute/chronic GVHD without an apparent increase in relapse.
The Precarious Link between Legislators and Constituent Opinions: Evidence from Matched Roll Call and Referendum Votes

This paper tests theories of representation by studying laws that were challenged by referendum. For these laws, we can compare legislator roll call votes and citizen votes on the same law. In a sample of 3,242 roll call votes on 25 laws in nine states, I find that legislators voted congruent with majority opinion in their district 67 percent of the time, so representation generally “worked.” However, when legislator preferences differed from district opinion on an issue, legislators voted congruent with district opinion only 28 percent of the time. Electoral pressure measured by vote margin, proximity of next election, and term limits had at most a modest connection with congruence. The evidence is broadly consistent with the assumption of the citizen-candidate (or trustee) theory that legislators vote their own preferences.
High-Pressure Microscopy

When bombarded with electrons, carbon nanotubes shrink, creating high internal pressures. The effect on molecules within the tubes can be studied at atomic resolution.