cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Current-driven dynamics in quantum electronics

Abstract We suggest that inelastic electron tunnelling via molecular-scale electronics can induce a variety of fascinating dynamic processes in the molecular moiety. These include vibration, rotation, intermode energy flow and reaction. Potential applications of current-induced dynamics in molecular-scale devices range from new forms of molecular machines and approaches to enhancing the conductivity of molecular wires, to new directions in nanochemistry and nanolithography. Understanding the molecular properties that encourage current-triggered dynamics is relevant also to the design of devices that would be guaranteed to remain stable under current. We discuss the qualitative physics underlying current-driven dynamics, briefly sketch a theory developed to explore these dynamics, describe a few examples from recent and ongoing numerical work and note avenues for future research.
EXCRETION OF A TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.

The excretion of 3 hydroxy anthranilic acid, a metabolite of trytophan, was studied in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the other connective tissue diseases, and hospital controls. Ten of 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 18 with the collagen diseases, and only 1 of 26 hospital controls excreted more than 500 μg. per 24 hours. The quantity excreted did not correlate with any other clinical or laboratory parameter studied. The cause and significance of the increased excretion are unknown. Le excretion de acido 3-hydroxy-anthranilic, un metabolito de tryptophano, esseva studiate in un gruppo de patientes con arthritis rheumatoide o un del altere morbos de tissu conjunctive e in subjectos de controlo ab le population hospitalari. Dece de 26 patientes con arthritis rheumatoide, 3 de 18 con le morbos de collageno, e solmente 1 de 26 subjectos de controlo excerneva plus que 500 μg in 24 horas. Le quantitate excernite non esseva in correlation con ulle altere del parametros clinic o laboratorial studiate. Le causa e le signification del augmentate excretion non es cognoscite.
Effects of exercise intensity compared to albuterol in individuals with cystic fibrosis

Summary Background Although exercise is a vital component of the therapy prescribed to individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), it is not a priority due to a finite amount of treatment time and the view that exercise is not as beneficial as pharmacological treatments by many individuals with CF. We sought to compare the therapeutic benefits of exercise and their prescribed bronchodilator albuterol. Methods CF ( n = 14) and healthy ( n = 16) subjects completed three visits, a baseline screening with VO 2 max test and two treatment visits. On the two treatment visits, subjects completed spirometry and diffusing capacity of the lungs for nitric oxide (DLNO) maneuvers either at baseline, 60, and 110 min post-albuterol administration, or at baseline and the midway point of three separate 15 min exercise bouts at low, moderate and vigorous intensity (25, 50 and 65% of the maximum workload, respectively). Results With moderate exercise the increase in DLNO was double (39 ± 8 vs 15 ± 6% change) and the level of bronchodilation similar (23% change) when compared to 110 min post-albuterol in individuals with CF. During exercise FVC became reduced (−309 ± 66 mL with moderate exercise) and the increase in FEV 1 was attenuated (103 ± 39 vs 236 ± 58 mL, exercise vs. albuterol) when compared with the response to albuterol in individuals with CF. Epinephrine (EPI) release increased 39, 72 and 144% change with low, moderate and vigorous intensity exercise respectively for individuals with CF, but this increase was blunted when compared to healthy subjects. Conclusion Our results suggest that moderate intensity exercise is the optimal intensity for individuals with CF, as low intensity exercise increases EPI less than 50% and vigorous intensity exercise is over taxing, such that airflow can be restricted. Although the duration of the beneficial effect is uncertain, exercise can promote greater improvements in gas diffusion and comparable bronchodilation when compared to albuterol.
Leadership and its transition among nursing administration graduate departments

The researchers surveyed nursing administration department chairs about their roles and their department functions. Chairs defined their roles mostly in the academic realm, and they were most satisfied with their role as teacher. They also reported that they lacked the necessary preparation and experiences in several academic and management functions. Furthermore, they expected their successors would need more experience than themselves for all functions of the chair, except teaching and advising students. They also believed the most qualified person in the department was not as experienced as needed, although only 67% of the respondents could identify a potential successor from within the department.
Synthesis of charged phenyl radicals and biradicals by laser photolysis in a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer

The feasibility of generating substituted phenyl radicals and biradicals (with a charged substituent) in the gas phase by laser photolysis was examined by using a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. The precursors were generated by ipso-substitution of a halogen atom in the radical cation of a di- or trihalobenzene by various nucleophiles. Photolytic cleavage of the remaining carbon-halogen bond(s) with 266-nm radiation was found to produce many substituted phenyl radicals in greater yields than the earlier employed method, sustained off-resonance irradiated collision-activated dissociation (SORI-CAD). Furthermore, ion generation by photolysis leads to isomerization less often than collisional activation. Finally, not only phenyl-bromine and phenyl-iodine but also certain phenyl-chlorine bonds can be cleaved by photolysis, whereas the synthetic utility of SORI-CAD appears to be largely limited to the cleavage of phenyl-iodine bonds. Hence, laser photolysis greatly expands the variety of substituted phenyl radicals and biradicals that can be synthesized inside a mass spectrometer.
Gab-1-mediated IGF-1 Signaling in IRS-1-deficient 3T3 Fibroblasts

The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) family of proteins mediate a variety of intracellular signaling events by serving as signaling platforms downstream of several receptor tyrosine kinases including the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors. Recently, several new members of this family have been identified including IRS-3, IRS-4, and growth factor receptor-binding protein 2-associated binder-1 (Gab-1). 3T3 cell lines derived from IRS-1-deficient embryos exhibit a 70-80% reduction in IGF-1-stimulated S-phase entry and a parallel decrease in the induction of the immediate-early genes c-fos and egr-1 but unaltered activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2. Reconstitution of IRS-1 expression in IRS-1-deficient fibroblasts by retroviral mediated gene transduction is capable of restoring these defects. Overexpression of Gab-1 in IRS-1-deficient fibroblasts also results in the restoration of egr-1 induction to levels similar to those achieved by IRS-1 reconstitution and markedly increases IGF-1-stimulated S-phase progression. Gab-1 is capable of regulating these biological end points despite the absence of IGF-1 stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation. These data provide evidence that Gab-1 may serve as a unique signaling intermediate in insulin/IGF-1 signaling for induction of early gene expression and stimulation of mitogenesis without direct tyrosine phosphorylation.
Shareholder Wealth Effects of the Private Securities LitigationReform Act of 1995

This paper investigates the reaction of stock prices to enactment of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA). Based on a sample of 489 high-technology firms, we find that the PSLRA was wealth-increasing, on average, and that the market reaction was more positive for firms at greatest risk of being sued in a securities class action. However, we also show that the PSLRA was less beneficial for firms likely to be the subject of a meritorious lawsuit. Collectively, our evidence implies that shareholders generally benefit from restrictions on private securities litigation, although these benefits are mitigated when other mechanisms for curbing fraudulent activity are inadequate.
Intermittent right bundle branch block without apparent heart disease.

Abstract The pertinent literature on intermittent complete bundle branch block is critically reviewed. It is pointed out that the majority of cases reported are of intermittent left bundle branch block. Four cases of intermittent complete right bundle branch block without apparent heart disease are reported. Critical heart rate appeared to be the dominant feature determining whether complete bundle branch block was present or not. Vectorcardiograms during normal conduction and complete right bundle branch block demonstrated conclusively that the changes in conduction were confined to the terminal QRS interval in contradistinction to the excitation in left bundle branch block. The low incidence of intermittent complete right bundle branch block is apparent in that only the four reported cases were found in an electrocardiographic survey of approximately 70,000 asymptomatic subjects. For comparison two cases of intermittent left bundle branch block in the presence of heart disease are included. It is suggested that intermittent right bundle branch block may not have the same significance as intermittent left bundle branch block. Studies on intermittent right bundle branch block reveal fundamental information on the excitation process in complete right bundle branch block.
Tools to measure CD-SEM performance

It is important to be able to quantify the imaging performance of CD-SEMs for such purposes as verifying the specification, rechecking after a routine maintenance, or for tool matching. To perform tests such as these it is necessary to have both appropriate software for image analysis and suitable test samples. A package of 2-D Fourier transform and analysis software, designed as a plug-in for the shareware IMAGE-Java program, has been developed and is freely available on line. The requirement for a reproducible and well characterized sample has been met by using direct-write electron beam lithography to fabricate suitable Fresnel zone plate structures.
Acellular Dermal Matrix in Breast Reconstruction in the Setting of Radiotherapy

Acellular dermal matrices (ADM) are becoming an integral component of immediate implant-based breast reconstruction, providing inferolateral coverage and support of the implant. Currently, five ADM products are available on the market for this purpose. Although their application has resulted in improved aesthetic results with low complication rates, the clinical performance of ADM when radiotherapy is a component of breast cancer treatment has yet to be defined. In this article, we present a thorough review of the current literature on the performance of ADM in the setting of radiotherapy from both animal and human studies, including our own experience with two proprietary ADM products. The other three products have little literature documenting their application for this type of reconstruction, and further studies specifically evaluating the performance of all ADM formulations in the setting of radiotherapy are still needed.
The case of the intransitive subject in Tsova-Tush (Batsbi)

La marque du cas grammatical en Batsi, en general, a travers la litterature. Analyse du probleme des verbes intransitifs, et de la marque des cas en Batsi dans le cadre de la theorie de la grammaire de role et de reference
Toughness properties of a three-dimensional carbon-epoxy composite

The three-dimensional (3D) orthogonal interlocked fabric contains through-the-thickness rein-forcement in order to enhance the interlaminar fracture toughness of the composite. The interlaminar fracture toughness of a carbon-epoxy orthogonal interlocked fabric composite was experimentally determined by use of the recently developed tabbed double cantilever beam specimen. The data reduction methods applicable to these tests and materials and the interpretation of the results were discussed. The results of critical strain energy release rate,GIc, were compared to those of a two-dimensional (2D) laminate having the same in-plane structure. The energy-dissipating crack propagation processes were described. The in-plane fracture toughness of the 3D fabric was experimentally measured and compared to that of the 2D laminate. The through-the-thickness fibres were found to create a ten-fold increase in interlaminar toughness, and a 25% improvement in the in-plane fracture toughness.
Calculation of amplitudes of acoustic normal modes from the reciprocity principle

Recently, J. D. Achenbach [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116, 1481–1487 (2004)] put forward, on heuristic grounds, an elegant technique to calculate amplitudes of guided waves generated by mechanical loading in a range‐independent elastic medium. The technique is based on application of the reciprocity principle and allows one to solve the problem without use of integral transforms. In this paper, the technique is applied to acoustic waveguides in a layered fluid. By taking into account continuous spectrum of the field, which was disregarded by Achenbach, a mathematical justification of the technique is obtained. The technique is shown to be exact. It is further extended to enable calculation of excitation coefficients of modes of both discrete and continuous spectra by a given sound source. The results are shown to be identical to those derived with the traditional, more cumbersome methods that rely on integral transforms. [Work supported by ONR.]
Biogenesis of ISP6, a small carboxyl-terminal anchored protein of the receptor complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane

To study the biogenesis of ISP6, an outer membrane component of the mitochondrial protein translocation complex, two fusion proteins have been made by fusing ISP6 to either the carboxyl- or amino-terminal end of the mouse dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). In vitro import experiments showed that when DHFR was placed at the carboxyl-terminal end of ISP6, the resulting fusion protein 6-DHFR inserted into mitochondrial membrane less efficiently than the other form of the fusion proteins. In vivo this fusion protein lost its ability to suppress the temperature-sensitive phenotype of an isp42 mutant, while the other fusion protein DHFR-6, which was found targeted correctly to mitochondria, suppressed the mutant as well as the wild-type ISP6. Further analysis showed that the binding and insertion of DHFR-6 to mitochondrial outer membrane was not affected by deletion of either of the two mitochondrial protein receptors or by the predigestion of mitochondrial surface proteins prior to import. Additional data indicated that ISP42, which closely associates with ISP6 in the translocation complex, does not likely play the role of a targeting partner for ISP6. In summary, these data suggest that ISP6 may target to mitochondria by sequences at its carboxyl terminus and that the import process of ISP6 is most likely distinct from that of most other mitochondrial precursors, which are recognized by protein receptors on mitochondrial surface.
Exercise Conditioning in the Elderly Coronary Patient

We compared conditioning effects of a supervised exercise program in 100 elderly and younger patients with a recent coronary event. Twenty-one patients were greater than or equal to 62 years of age (mean, 65 years) and 79 were less than or equal to 61 years of age (mean, 48.7 years). While the elderly patients attained a lower peak exercise intensity on entry and on completion of the exercise protocol, they obtained a similar relative training benefit as the younger patients. Peak exercise intensity increased 68% in each group and submaximal (five METS) heart rate-blood pressure product decreased 27% in the older patients and 26% in the younger patients. Rate of entry into our program was substantially lower in the elderly patient group, 19% v 57% in younger patients (P less than 0.001) despite a similar inhospital recruiting effort. Thus, although elderly coronary patients obtain similar training benefits as younger patients, they are less likely to participate in a program designed to decrease cardiac disability.
The evaluation and selection of living kidney donors

As the number of living kidney donations in the United States increases, it is important to continue to assess the manner in which potential living donors are evaluated and selected. Ethical issues can be framed using principles that are understandable to patients and physicians. Existing evidence suggests that, for most suitable donors, the short- and long-term risks of kidney donation are small enough to be outweighed by the potential benefits to the donor and recipient. A thorough but efficient evaluation of potential living donors, as outlined in this review, can effectively minimize the risks. However, mechanisms to provide long-term follow-up of all living donors are still needed. Appropriate surveillance mechanisms not only will minimize any long-term risks to individuals who have already donated a kidney but will also provide the data needed to accurately assess the risk, however small, for future donors. With or without these data, living donations will likely continue to play an increasingly important role in renal transplantation.
Sequential sampling without recall from a dirichlet process

The problem of sequential sampling without recall from a Dirichlet process is studied. An individual observes a sequential sample p1, p2, … . At each stage the observer can either accept the current value pi or continue sampling. The total cost to the observer is the current value plus a cost for each observation taken after the first. A concrete context for the problem is provided by a shopper who must buy a particular item and can elicit price quotations sequentially but must pay for each quotation. Qualitative properties of optimal search rules are derived which establish that the problem is well behaved. In particular, the reservation-price property is shown to hold. The results extend those in Christensen (1986). On etudie le probleme de ľechantillonnage sequentiel sans memoire ďun processus de Dirichlet. Un individu observe un echantiilon sequentiel p1, p2, … . A chaque etape, ľobservateur peut soit accepter la valeur observee pi, soit continuer ľechantillonnage. Le coǔt total pour ľobservateur est la valeur observee plus un coǔt pour chaque observation prise apres la premiere. Un contexte ou ce probleme se rencontre est celui de ľacheteur ďun produit qui peut obtenir des cotations successives, mais qui doit payer pour les obtenir. Des proprietes qualitatives des regles optimales de recherche sont obtenues, celles-ci montrent que le probleme est bien defini. En particulier, on montre que la propriete du “prix critique” est satisfaite. Ces resultats generalised ceux obtenus par Christensen (1986).
Infrastructure and automobile shifts: positioning transit to reduce life-cycle environmental impacts for urban sustainability goals

Public transportation systems are often part of strategies to reduce urban environmental impacts from passenger transportation, yet comprehensive energy and environmental life-cycle measures, including upfront infrastructure effects and indirect and supply chain processes, are rarely considered. Using the new bus rapid transit and light rail lines in Los Angeles, near-term and long-term life-cycle impact assessments are developed, including consideration of reduced automobile travel. Energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases and criteria pollutants are assessed, as well the potential for smog and respiratory impacts. Results show that life-cycle infrastructure, vehicle, and energy production components significantly increase the footprint of each mode (by 48–100% for energy and greenhouse gases, and up to 6200% for environmental impacts), and emerging technologies and renewable electricity standards will significantly reduce impacts. Life-cycle results are identified as either local (in Los Angeles) or remote, and show how the decision to build and operate a transit system in a city produces environmental impacts far outside of geopolitical boundaries. Ensuring shifts of between 20–30% of transit riders from automobiles will result in passenger transportation greenhouse gas reductions for the city, and the larger the shift, the quicker the payback, which should be considered for time-specific environmental goals.
Density functional study of PbTiO 3 nanocapacitors with Pt and Au electrodes

We present an ab initio density functional study of ferroelectricity in single-domain ${\text{PbTiO}}_{3}$-based nanocapacitors. We used density functional theory with the recently introduced PBEsol generalized-gradient exchange-correlation functional, which we found to give accurate properties of bulk ferroelectric (FE) materials. Pt and Au electrodes are used in our study to gain a thorough understanding of the electrode-oxide interfaces, and the role of the interfacial chemical bonding and charge transfer in stabilizing the FE polar phase. We found that the FE properties of the thin films depend not only on the electrode and the FE material but also on the electrode-perovskite termination (${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ vs PbO), exemplifying the key role of the interface in these systems. The critical thickness was found to be $24--28\text{ }\text{\AA{}}$. In addition, a L\"owdin orbital analysis gives a detailed description of the distribution of charges in the system, and shows the importance of charge passivation by the electrodes in stabilizing the FE polar phase.
Myelin metabolism in vitro in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

— Spinal cord slices from rats in different stages of allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) were incubated with [U-14C]glucose. Normal rats and rats injected with Freund's adjuvant served as controls. The slices were fractionated by a discontinuous sucrose gradient into purified myelin and a heavy membrane residue, the lipids and proteins were extracted, and their specific activities were determined. Uptake of 14C into myelin lipids was depressed in the rats with acute EAE, while an increase was shown in myelin protein and heavy membrane lipids and proteins. The increased synthesis in non-myelin fractions was ascribed to invasion of metabolically active cells. The depression in myelin lipid synthesis occurred early in the disease before lesions appeared or the inflammatory reaction became widespread. Myelin from guinea pigs with acute EAE resulting from injection of a purified basic protein also showed a depression of uptake in both lipids and proteins. It is suggested that a metabolic insult as a result of the immunological process is dealt the oligodendroglial cells early in the course of the disease which leads to a weakening of the myelin sheath and subsequent phagocytosis of myelin.
Simultaneous laser absorption measurements of CN and OH in a shock tube study of HCN + OH → products

Simultaneous, quantitative, narrow-line laser absorption measurements of CN time-histories at 388.444 nm and OH time-histories at 306.687 nm have been made in incident and reflected shock wave experiments using dilute mixtures of nitiric acid (HNO3) and HCN in argon. The thermal decomposition of HNO3 serves as a rapid source of OH upon shock-heating, and the OH subsequently reacts predominantly with the HCN in the test gas mixture. The rate coefficient for the reaction was determined in the temperature range 1120–1960 K via detailed kinetics modeling of the simultaneously acquired CN and OH measurements. These data are in good agreement with lower temperature measurements of the rate of the reverse reaction (−1a) when recent values of the heats of formation of CN and HCN are used. The expression valid for temperatures 500 to 2000 K, effectively represents the experimental measurements. The estimated uncertainty of the expression for k1a is ±30%, based on the experimental uncertainties of the individual rate coefficient studies. Analysis of the decay region of the experimental OH time-histories yielded the total rate coefficient k1 (all product channels) for the reaction of HCN with OH for temperatures ranging from 1490 to 1950 K. These measurements are consistent with a previous theoretical analysis of the three primary addition-isomerization-dissociation processes for the HCN + OH reaction at combustion temperatures when the contribution to k1 from reaction (1a) is included. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sparse LU Factorization with Partial Pivoting on Distributed Memory Machines

Sparse LU factorization with partial pivoting is important to many scientific applications, but the effective parallelization of this algorithm is still an open problem. The main difficulty is that partial pivoting operations make structures of L and U factors unpredictable beforehand. This paper presents a novel approach called S* for parallelizing this problem on distributed memory machines. S* incorporates static symbolic factorization to avoid run-time control overhead and uses nonsymmetric L/U supernode partitioning and amalgamation strategies to maximize the use of BLAS-3 routines. The irregular task parallelism embedded in sparse LU is exploited using graph scheduling and efficient run-time support techniques which optimize communication, overlap computation with communication and balance processor loads. The experimental results on the Cray-T3D with a set of Harwell-Boeing nonsymmetric matrices are very encouraging and good scalability has been achieved. Even compared to a highly optimized sequential code, the parallel speedups are still impressive considering the current status of sparse LU research.
Resin-to-Resin Acyl- and Aminoacyl-Transfer Reactions Using Oxime Supports

We describe a convergent approach to solid-phase synthesis in which two fragments of a molecule are synthesized on independent supports and then condensed in a key resin-to-resin transfer reaction....
High frequency oscillations in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal slices induced by tetanic stimulation.

Abstract Tetanic stimulation induces high-frequency network oscillations in area CA1 and in the subiculum of rat hippocampal slices. Here, we describe the effects of similar tetanic stimulation in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. We found field potential oscillations in the dentate granule cell layer which shared several properties with tetanically induced oscillations in CA1, including delayed onset, duration, progressive slowing of frequency within the oscillations and sensitivity to blockers of GABAA receptors, NMDA receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors. However, the mean frequency of the oscillations in the dentate is ∼100 Hz, much higher than tetanic oscillations in CA1 and, in contrast to CA1, dentate high-frequency oscillations are sensitive to antagonists of AMPA-receptors. Oscillation frequency was decreased by metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists and increased by antagonists of AMPA-receptors as well as the gap junction blocker carbenoxolone. The oscillations can be observed in the whole dentate gyrus–CA3-network and are tightly correlated between the dentate gyrus and area CA3. Thus, tetanic stimulation in the dentate elicits a new pattern of network oscillations with coherence in the dentate–CA3-network which may affect the processing of afferent information in the hippocampus.
Application of Electric Current in Friction Stir Welding

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively new joining technique and has many applications. In FSW, heat generated due to friction between FSW tool and work-piece material softens the material and allows the materials in work-pieces to be stirred and joined together. FSW allows the work-pieces to be joined without reaching the melting point of the material, thus resulting in better welds. However, a large amount of mechanical energy has to be consumed for FSW of high-strength, difficult-to-weld metals such as titanium alloys. Hence, new FSW methods should be investigated to reduce the required energy. In this study, an innovative electrically-enhanced friction stir welding (EEFSW) has been developed. Electric current is passed in welding coupons of Aluminum 6061 plates and its effect on welding process and welds are examined. The results indicate that, with the aid of electric current, improvement in welding speed and reduction in energy consumption is obtainable, which enhances the productivity and widens the range of applications of FSW. Weld properties are found to be affected by the introduced current as well.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
The presence of extracapsular extension is associated with an increased risk of death from prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy for patients with seminal vesicle invasion and negative lymph nodes.

Abstract Objectives Determining clinicopathologic features that stratify the risk of disease progression in patients with seminal vesicle invasion at radical prostatectomy remains critical for patient counseling, clinical trial enrollment, and the judicious application of secondary therapies. Then, we evaluated the prognostic significance of concomitant extracapsular extension (ECE) in patients with seminal vesicle invasion and negative lymph nodes at radical prostatectomy. Methods We identified 1,132 patients who underwent prostatectomy between 1987 and 2009 and were found to have pT3bN0 disease. Median postoperative follow-up was 10.6 years (interquartile range, 5.9–15.3). Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared for patients with and without ECE with the log-rank test. The association of ECE with outcome was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results A total of 693 (61%) patients were noted to have ECE. Compared with pT3bN0 patients without ECE, patients with pT3bN0 tumors and ECE had a significantly worse 15-year biochemical recurrence-free survival (29% vs. 39%; P P P P P =0.006), death from prostate cancer (HR, 1.71; P =0.01), and all-cause mortality (HR, 1.35; P =0.007). Meanwhile, adjuvant hormonal therapy, which was received by 334 patients (29.5%), was associated with significantly decreased risks of systemic progression (HR, 0.50; P =0.0004) and cancer death (HR, 0.57; P =0.03), but not all-cause mortality (HR, 0.81; P =0.09). Limitations included retrospective design and nonstandardized application of secondary treatments. Conclusions The presence of ECE in patients with pT3bN0 prostate cancer is associated with increased risks of systemic progression and cancer death. Pending validation, ECE may be incorporated into risk stratification or staging classification or both. Meanwhile, these patients continue to represent ideal candidates for adjuvant therapy trials.
Hardware Demonstration of a Home Energy Management System for Demand Response Applications

A Home Energy Management (HEM) system plays a crucial role in realizing residential Demand Response (DR) programs in the smart grid environment. It provides a homeowner the ability to automatically perform smart load controls based on utility signals, customer's preference and load priority. This paper presents the hardware demonstration of the proposed HEM system for managing end-use appliances. The HEM's communication time delay to perform load control is analyzed, along with its residual energy consumption.
Production of Very Massive Higgs Bosons

Abstract We compare Higgs boson production mechanisms at multi-TeV hadronic colliders. In addition to the previously investigated processes gluon + gluon → H and q q → V ∗ → VH ( V = W, Z ) , we consider Higgs boson formation by pairs of virtual W's or Z's, a process analogous to two-photon collisions in e+e− scattering. The Higgs production process W ∗ W ∗ → H is dominated by longitudinal W's and is the most important mechanism for MH > 6 MW, if the top quark mass is about 30 GeV.
Experimental Demonstration of Gain Guided Lasing in an Index Anti-Guiding Large Mode Area Fiber

Recent observations of apparently single mode gain-guided lasing in Nd3+ fibers with 100 µm diameter index anti-guided cores demonstrate the potential of gain guiding for single mode fiber lasers with very large mode areas.
A Phenomenology of Depth

In this paper, I re-vision the depth metaphor in a more contemporary epistemological frame. Rather than using depth as a “vertical” metaphor referring to the hidden, remote, or regressed, I use depth as a “horizonal” metaphor referring to the dimensionality of experience, to the ways in which all experience is structured in a figure–ground relationship. A foreground is always contextualized in relation to its background, and the series of relationships of form to field, self to world, subject to other constitute the ways in which meaning is formed, unformed, and transformed in a movement that characterizes how experience becomes what it is. The analyst’s role in deepening involves attending to the immediacy of the immersive perceptive moment, where embodied feeling-states might emerge from an unspecified ground, where the gap between what forms and its context becomes the crucible for new meaning. This entails receptivity to absence as much as presence, to the ways in which formation is always a play betw...
Homo- and heterometallic complexes of tetra-(di-substituted hydroxybenzyl)-N,N'-ethylenediamine derivatives.

The coordination behavior of a series of group 4 metal alkoxides [M(OR)4] modified by a set of novel substituted hydroxybenzyl ethylene diamine (H4-ED-L4) ligands {[tetra(3,5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxybe...
Integrals of quantum chemical interest in bases of laguerre functions. I. Functions of order 2l+2

Formulae are presented for the evaluation of some definite integrals in which the Laguerre orthogonal functions are contained. In some cases mechanical quadratures are to be preferred, and a scheme is presented for generating such a quadrature as it is needed.
Van der Waals volume fragmental constants

Abstract Van der Waals (vdW) volumes ( V w,x ) of 117 molecular fragments ( X ) have been calculated by numerical integration of the van der Waals envelope using the hard-sphere approximation, standard geometries, and effective atomic van der Waals radii which were determined by comparison of their effects on the predicted sterically allowed conformations of peptides with observed crystal structures. vdW volume fragmental constants give accurate estimates of molecular, vdW volume as sum of approximate V w,x s.
SU(5) without SU(5): why B-L is conserved and baryon number not in unified models of quarks and leptons

The existence of an SU(2) × U(l) classification1 for two completely different types of particles which seem to belong together in common multiplets motivates a search for a higher symmetry to unify the two and be the non-Abelian gauge theory of the World2. Today SU(5) and higher groups containing SU(5) are the main candidates.
Morality in the religious marketplace: Evangelical Christianity, Candomblé, and the struggle for moral distinction in Brazil

Most of the research on the growth of evangelical Christianity in Latin America and elsewhere has focused on the distinctive products that evangelicals bring to the “religious marketplace” and on other competitive advantages that evangelical churches have over their religious rivals. Alternatively, on the basis of research among evangelical Christians and practitioners of African-derived Candomble in northeastern Brazil, I examine the role of discourses about morality in encounters between two religions that, although often openly hostile to one another, draw adherents from similar socioeconomic circumstances. I argue that competing religious discourses play a central role in struggles for moral distinction in communities that are relatively homogeneous in terms of their social compositions. [Brazil, religion, Candomble, Christianity, morality]
Résultats de l'utilisation des stent couverts pour sauvetage des accès artério-veineux d'hémodialyse thrombosés

Introduction Depuis que des elements de l'Initiative de Qualite des Resultats de Dialyse (K/DOQI) ont ete mis en application il y a une decennie, on a observe une reduction de la mortalite des patients en hemodialyse. A mesure que la longevite des patients a augmente, la conservation des acces arterio-veineux (AV) d'hemodialyse par le sauvetage d'acces AV thromboses est devenu de plus en plus important. Cependant, les efforts pour recuperer un acces AV doivent etre mis en balance contre des procedures futiles et couteuses. L'endoprothese Viabahn est un stent couvert (SC) auto-extensible qui peut etre employe pour traiter la rupture de veine ou les lesions fibreuses avec restenose elastique significative apres angioplastie au ballon. La litterature comportant les resultats de l'utilisation de SC dans le sauvetage d'acces AV thromboses est limitee. Le but de cette etude est de determiner les resultats des acces AV thromboses traite par le SC et d'identifier des facteurs predictifs de succes. Methodes La base de donnees des acces vasculaires et les donnees de la consultation, de l'hopital, et des unites de dialyse etaient retrospectivement examinees pour identifier tous les patients qui ont subi la pose d'un SC pour le traitement d'un acces AV thrombose entre septembre 2004 et decembre 2007. Le suivi moyen des patients etait de 6 mois. L'objectif de K/DOQI pour la permeabilite apres une intervention chirurgicale (6 mois ou plus) etait utilise pour determiner le succes ou l'echec de la procedure. L'analyse de la courbe de survie de Kaplan-Meier etait employee pour determiner la permeabilite. Des facteurs demographiques des patients et des SC (site, diametre, longueur) etaient analyses pour identifier des facteurs predictifs de succes. Resultats Cinquante-cinq SC ont ete places chez 48 patients (hommes, 29%; âge moyen, 61 ans; diabete, 47%) ayant un acces AV thrombose. Les indications etaient le traitement d'une restenose elastique significative ou d'une rupture de veine apres angioplastie au ballon (47 patients) et de traiter un serome de pontage AV (1 patient). Le cout pour le VE s'etendait de 2337 $ a 3367 $ par patient. La procedure etait consideree comme reussie (permeabilite a 6 mois) dans 29 ± 7% des cas. Le succes de la procedure n'etait pas influencee par le site de l'acces AV, la taille du SC (diametre ou longueur), ou les facteurs demographiques des patients ( p>0,05 ). Conclusion L'utilisation de SC pour recuperer les acces AV manque aux objectifs cliniques courants des resultats de K/DOQI apres intervention chirurgicale reussie. Aux vues de ces resultats et du cout du SC, son utilisation est indiquee dans les cas ou la recuperation de l'acces AV aura un impact sur la survie a long terme ainsi que chez les patients qui n'ont que peu d'options pour un nouvel acces. D'autres etudes sont necessaires pour comparer le SC a des options moins couteuses, telles que l'angioplastie seule ou associee a l'utilisation de stents nus en metal.
5-HT3-like receptors in the rat medial prefrontal cortex: further pharmacological characterization

The aim of the study was to further characterize the pharmacological properties of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)3-like receptors in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) using combinations of biochemical and electrophysiological approaches. Phenylbiguanide (PBG) and three chlorinated derivatives, ortho-chloro-PBG (oCPBG), meta-chloro-PBG (mCPBG) and para-chloro-PBG (pCPBG), dose-dependently stimulated phosphoionositide (PI) turnover in fronto-cingulate cortical slices. All three chloro-isomers of PBG were equipotent in stimulating PI turnover. SR 57227A ((4-amino)-(6-chloro-2-pyridyl) L-piperidine hydrochloride, a novel compound with high affinity and selectivity for peripheral and central 5-HT3 receptors) dose-dependently stimulated PI turnover in fronto-cingulate cortical slices. The rank order of potency of all the 5-HT3 receptor agonists tested in the PI assay as compared to 5-HT was: 5-HT > 2-Me-5-HT > SR57227A > PBG = mCPBG = oCPBG = mCPBG. 5-HT and 5-HT receptor agonists depressed the firing rate of both spontaneously active and glutamate-activated quiescent mPFC cells in a current (dose)-dependent fashion. The rank order of effectiveness of these compounds was: 5-HT > SR57227A = 2-Me-5-HT = mCPBG = oCPBG = pCPBG = PBG. Unlike its action on the 5-HT3 receptors in the periphery or cultured cell lines, D-tubocurarine chloride appears to be non-specific in blocking the depressant action of 2-Me-5-HT, gamma-aminobutyric acid and dopamine. Our results combined support the view that the pharmacological properties of 5-HT3-like receptors in the mPFC are not identical to those located in peripheral tissues and in cultured cell lines.
CRITERION‐REFERENCED TESTING: COMMENTS ON RELIABILITY1

Currently there is concern among some educators regarding the reliability of criterion-referenced (CR) measures. In this comment, a recent attempt to develop a theory of reliability for CR measures is examined, and some considerations for determining the reliability of CR measures are discussed. Conventional reliability statistics (e.g., coefficient alpha, standard error of measurement) are found appropriate for CR measures satisfying the assumptions of the measurement model underlying classical test theory. For measures with underlying multidimensional traits, conventional reliability statistics may be used at the homogeneous subscale level. When the confidence interval about a student's “below criterion score” includes the criterion, additional evidence about the student should be obtained. Two-stage sequential testing is suggested as one method for acquiring additional evidence.
The Role of Community and Farm Characteristics in Farm Input Purchasing Patterns

This work uses unique data from three dairy-dependent communities in rural Wisconsin to test established theory and empirical studies that link farm structure to local purchasing patterns. A theoretical model of purchasing choices is developed to derive the demand determinants of local purchasing. This model is tested empirically across eleven major dairy farm inputs using a double-bounded Tobit model that also includes community characteristics. The empirical estimations find little support for a general linkage between farm-level characteristics and local purchasing patterns. The results do suggest that different community characteristics provide some explanations for diverse purchasing patterns. W alter Goldschmidt's widely cited but contentious finding that farm size was the most important cause of socioeconomic differences in two rural communities in California, has provoked more than a half a century of research analyzing the relationship between farm structure and rural economic development (e.g., Gilles and Dalecki; Heady and Sonka; Lasley et al.; Strange; Zeuli and Deller). Testing Goldschmidt's premise that smaller farms purchase a greater share of their inputs locally, and thus provide an essential foundation for vibrant rural economies, is a common line of inquiry within this body of literature (e.g., Chism and Levins; Foltz, Jackson-Smith, and Chen; Henderson, Tweeten, and Schriener; Korsching; Lawrence, Otto, and Meyer; Roe and Stockberger; Marousek). Although each of these studies has added insights into the issue, as a whole they offer no definitive support for the hypothesis that farm size is a key indicator of where farm inputs are purchased. Instead, they collectively suggest a more complex situation. A myriad of farm and farmer characteristics can drive input purchasing patterns and the relative importance of each characteristic depends on the good or service being purchased.
FT values measured to ±0.1% for superallowed beta transitions: metrology at sub-second time scales.

Abstract Because of angular-momentum conservation, superallowed β decay between 0+ analog states involves only the vector part of the weak interaction, so its measured ft value can be used to determine the vector coupling constant, GV. If many such transitions are measured, then the constancy of GV can be established and several important tests made on fundamentals of the electroweak Standard Model. We have developed apparatus that allows us to measure half-lives to ±0.03% and branching ratios to ±0.1% or better, for cyclotron-produced activities with half-lives as short as 100 ms. We present an overview of the equipment and a summary of more than 10 years of results.
Ultrastructure of the Peritrich Ciliate Ambiphrya ameiuri and Its Attachment to the Gills of the Catfish Ictalurus punctatus1

Ambiphrya ameiuri is an ectocommensal peritrich that attaches to the gills of warm-water fishes and filters bacteria from the water. The ultrastructure of this protozoon, its attachment to the fish gills, and its effect on the gill tissue were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The peritrich attached to the gills by fibers extending from the scopula. A microtubular array, apparently a barren kinetosome, was present in each lobular projection, but no scopular cilia were observed. At low densities Ambiphrya had no apparent harmful effects on the fish; however, at high densities respiration may be impeded. Ultrastructural studies indicate that this organism receives no nourishment from the host tissue.
RELATIVE CONTENT OF ASTER-YELLOWS VIRUS IN INOCULA OF VECTORS DURING FOUR SERIAL TRANSFERS

THE PRINCIPAL PURPOSE of the experiments reported in this paper was to obtain information on the relative content of aster-yellows virus in inocula prepared from -insects during consecutive passages of the virus through leafhoppers. The virus content in the inocula of the first two passages was of special interest because in earlier experiments unexplained difficulties were encountered in transferring virus from the first to the second group of vectors. A further objective was to obtain additional evidence for multiplication of the plant virus in insects maintained on immune plants throughout the entire series of passages. In 1951-19,52, the method of serial passages was used successfully to provide direct evidence for multiplication of aster-yellows virus in its insect vector (Maramorosch, 1952b). While the virus was being carried in 10 serial transfers, inoculated insects were maintained on immune rye plants for 30 days and on susceptible aster plants for two days during each of the initial six transfers. The remaining transfers were modified by confining inoculated leafhoppers first to rye plants and later to susceptible aster plants for periods ranging from 13 to 54 days. The insects were transferred during these periods to individual fresh aster plants three times weekly, or in some cases every five days. In additional tests, in which large numbers of vectors were employed, it was found that aster-yellows virus was not acquired by insects feeding on aster plants during the initial 5 days following inoculation of such plants (Maramorosch, 1952b, 1953a). However, no serial transfers were carried out in insects maintained on immune plants throughout the entire series of passages. Virus concentration was compared in the earlier investigations only in the inocula of the 1st, 7th, and 9th groups of a serial passage (Maramorosch, 1952a), and no data were available for aster-yellows virus concentration in consecutive insect passages. Black and Brakke (1952) carried out seven serial transfers of the leafhopper-borne woundtumor virus from insect to insect and found that the virus reached approximately the same concentration in every passage. These authors encountered no difficulties in passing wound-tumor virus from the first to the second and later groups. In contrast, experiments with aster-yellows virus by Black (1939-1941, personal communication) and by the present writer (1952b) indicated that this particular virus, although easily transmitted mechanically to the first group of leafhoppers, can be passed only with difficulty from the first to the second group of injected insects. The difficulty of transferring virus