cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Solar UV-B Radiation on Embryonic Development in Hyla cadaverina, Hyla regilla, and Taricha torosa

Exposure to solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation leads to increased embryonic mortality in some amphibians. It has been hypothesized that sensitivity to UV-B may contribute to the population declines of some species. To better understand the effects of ambient UV-B on embryo development and survival, embryos from three lower latitude (34°N), lower altitude (290 m) amphibian species were studied at natural breeding sites in the Santa Monica Mountains near Los Angeles, California. We compared embryonic development and hatching success in Hyla regilla, Hyla cadaverina, and Taricha torosa embryos exposed to ambient solar UV-B radiation with those shielded from solar UV-B. A large percentage of H. regilla embryos survived when exposed to and protected from UV-B. Neither hatching success nor rates of development were affected by solar UV-B. Conversely, H. cadaverina and T. torosa embryos displayed high rates of embryonic mortality when exposed to solar UV-B. Elimination of solar UV-B significantly increased hatching success in both of these species, but had no effect on rates of embryonic development. These data suggest that under natural conditions, solar UV-B radiation influences embryo survival in both Hyla cadaverina and Taricha torosa. Additional studies are required to determine whether susceptibility to UV-B affects these species at the population level. Efecto de la Radiacion Solar UV-B en el Desarrollo Embrionario en Hyla cadaverina, Hyla regilla y Taricha torosa La exposicion a radiacion solar ultravioleta-B (UV-B) resulta en el incremento de la mortalidad embrionaria en algunos anfibios. Existe la hipotesis de que la sensibilidad a UV-B puede contribuir a la declinacion poblacional de algunas especies. Para entender los efectos de UV-B ambiental sobre el desarrollo y sobrevivencia embrionario estudiamos, en sitios reproductivos naturales cerca de Los Angeles California, embriones de especies de anfibios de baja latitud (34°N) y baja altitud. Comparamos el desarrollo embrionario y exito de eclosion en embriones de Hyla cadaverina, Hyla regilla y Taricha torosa expuestos a radiacion UV-B ambiente con los de embriones protegidos de la radiacion. Un alto porcentaje de embriones de H. regilla sobrevivio cuando expuestos a y protegidos de la radiacion. La radiacion UV-B no afecto al exito de eclosion ni a las tasas de desarrollo. Por el contrario, embriones de H. cadaverina y T. torosa presentaron altas tasas de mortalidad embrionaria cuando expuestos a la radiacion UV-B. La eliminacion de UV-B incremento el exito de eclosion significativamente en ambas especies, pero no tuvo efecto sobre las tasas de desarrollo embrionario. Estos datos sugieren que, en condiciones naturales, la radiacion UV-B influye sobre la sobrevivencia de Hyla cadaverina y Taricha torosa. Se requieren estudios adicionales para determinar si la susceptibilidad a UV-B afecta a estas especies a nivel poblacional.
Determination of the Mechanism of Human Malic Enzyme with Natural and Alternate Dinucleotides by Isotope Effects

Abstract Human malic enzyme was studied by steady state kinetics, deuterium isotope effects, and 13 C isotope effects with both the physiological dinucleotide cofactor and several alternate cofactors. The log V vs pH profile with NAD revealed two p K a values too close to be separately determined, but with an average value of 7.33. The log V / K vs pH profile with NAD revealed two p K a values at 7.4 and 5.6. Deuterium and 13 C isotope effects indicate that the mechanism of human malic enzyme is stepwise with both NAD and ϵNAD, but that hyperconjugation in the transition state for hydride transfer is detectable only with the former. With thioNAD and APAD, the isotope effects do not clearly indicate whether the mechanism is stepwise or concerted. The intrinsic 13 C isotope effect for decarboxylation was calculated to be 1.0485 by measurement of the partition ratio of oxaloacetate in the presence of NADH and human malic enzyme (decarboxylation to pyruvate/reduction to malate = 2.33). The isotope effect and partitioning data suggest that the energy barrier for decarboxylation of oxaloacetate is not as high relative to the barrier for reduction of oxaloacetate as with the chicken liver enzyme.
Temporal associations of popularity and alcohol use among middle school students

Purpose The goal of this study is to better understand the longitudinal cross-lagged associations between popularity, assessed through self-rating and peer nominations, and alcohol use among middle school students.
Cardiac motion analysis in ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy using parallel transport

In this study, we used multi-detector computed tomographic (MDCT) images of human left ventricles at end-diastole and end-systole to perform quantitative analysis and comparison of heart motion in patients with anterior wall myocardial infarction and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) versus those with global non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). MDCT ventricular images of 25 patients (13 with ICM) with ejection fraction (EF) ≪ 35% were analyzed. We used a novel technique (parallel transport) to translate within subject motion-related end-diastole to end-systole deformation to a common coordinate system without incorporating across-subject variation. We then performed a hypothesis testing on the ventricular motion variation in the global template coordinate. Statistical analysis indicated that there were meaningful ventricular motion differences between ICM and NICM groups. Additionally, patients with ICM demonstrated less wall thickening at ES in the anterior wall where the pathology was located.
Predicting recent links in FOAF networks

For social networks, prediction of new links or edges can be important for many reasons, in particular for understanding future network growth. Recent work has shown that graph vertex similarity measures are good at predicting graph link formation for the near future, but are less effective in predicting further out. This could imply that recent links can be more important than older links in link prediction. To see if this is indeed the case, we apply a new relation strength similarity (RSS) measure on a coauthorship network constructed from a subset of the CiteSeerX dataset to study the power of recency. We choose RSS because it is one of the few similarity measures designed for weighted networks and easily models FOAF networks. By assigning different weights to the links according to authors coauthoring history, we show that recency is helpful in predicting the formation of new links.
Cerebrospinal fluid shunt failure: late is different from early.

Six hundred and seventy-one operations to insert or revise simple, linear cerebrospinal fluid shunts were performed in a single institution from 1976 through 1989. The results were analyzed using actu
Multiple hydrogen trapping at monovacancies

Novel structures for multiple hydrogen atoms trapped at a monovacancy are discussed. Using atomistic simulations based on semiempirical interatomic potentials and density functional theory, we find low-energy configurations for four, five, and six hydrogen atoms around a monovacancy different than those that have been previously studied in the literature. The energetics of hydrogen binding are compared to results, both theoretical and experimental, previously published in the literature. We argue that up to four hydrogen atoms may be exothermically bound to monovacancy.
Observations on the development of the human atrioventricular node and bundle

This light microscopic study of the cardiac junctional tissues was based on 27 human embryos, fetuses and postnatal hearts. Evidence was presented that superficial and deep portions of the postnatal AV node were derived from two cellular primordia in the posterior wall of the common atrium at the 6-mm stage. The small right primordia was associated with the right venous valve and give rise to the loosely organized superficial AV node that extended posteriorly to the coronary sinus ostium. A larger left primordia formed the more compact deep subdivision of the AV node located against the anulus fibrosus. In most postnatal hearts the two subdivisions are partially or completely fused to form the adult AV node. Failure of the nodal primordia to fuse during cardiogenesis may result in two separate nodal cell aggregates above the anulus. The present observations provide a rational explanation for the two AV nodal masses described in the literature and an additional specimen that is illustrated in this communication. An AV bundle was first identified in a 13-mm embryo and appeared to be derived from large clear cells of the posterior AV canal. At 25 mm the bundle formed a broad band across the top of the IV septum and continued into both ventricles. At this stage multiple cell strands penetrated the endocardial cushion to connect the AV bundle to the two nodal primordia. Failure of normal fusion between the AV node primordia and AV bundle can result in a variety of junctional anomalies including congenital heart block.
A phase II study of carboplatin and paclitaxel in esophageal cancer

Abstract Background This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combination carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with esophageal cancer. Materials and methods Thirty-five patients were enrolled. Patients were treated with paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) over 3 h and carboplatin i.v. at an AUC of 5 mg/h/ml. Thirty-three patients were assessable for toxicity and objective response. Results A total of 166 treatment courses were administered with a median of five courses per patient. The objective response rate was 43% [90% confidence interval (CI) 0.3–0.58] by the intention-to-treat analysis. The median response duration was 2.8 months (90% CI 2.1–5.4). The median survival time was 9 months (90%CI 7–13.8) and the 1-year survival rate was 43% (90% CI 0.29–0.57). The major grade 3–4 toxicity observed was neutropenia, occurring in 17 patients (52%). There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions The combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel is an moderately active and tolerable regimen in advanced esophageal cancer.
Quantifying Search and Switching Costs in the U.S. Auto Insurance Industry

I estimate demand for auto insurance in the presence of two types of market frictions: search and switching costs. I develop an integrated utility-maximizing model in which consumers decide over which and how many companies to search and from which company to purchase. My modeling approach rationalizes observed consideration sets as being the outcomes of consumers’ search processes. I find search costs to range from $35 to $170 and average switching costs of $40. Search costs are the most important driver of customer retention and their elimination is the main lever to increase consumer welfare in the auto insurance industry.
A structure from manipulation for text-graphic objects

The general purpose graphics systems of the future will need a simple logic for visual objects—one structure underlying both text and graphics. As an experiment, perhaps the immediate handling of visual objects by the user can provide the starting point for developing that structure. This paper describes the PAM graphics system, in which the structure of text-graphic objects arises directly out of manual manipulation. The needs of manual manipulation determine the text-graphic pattern as the simplest organizing structure for images; PAM stands for PAttern Manipulating. The PAM system is designed for the agile manipulation of text-graphic patterns—first manually, and then, later, programmatically.Starting from this strict 'front-in' viewpoint—where immediate manipulation (hand powered animation) was to be the primary application—a 'manipulative grammar' was evolved to give the user a simple yet powerful handle on text-graphic images. This grammar turned out to be a generalization of LISP syntax from textual symbolic expressions to text-graphic forms, structuring such forms as trees and then offering:
Computational Identification of Receptive Fields

Natural stimuli elicit robust responses of neurons throughout sensory pathways, and therefore their use provides unique opportunities for understanding sensory coding. This review describes statistical methods that can be used to characterize neural feature selectivity, focusing on the case of natural stimuli. First, we discuss how such classic methods as reverse correlation/spike-triggered average and spike-triggered covariance can be generalized for use with natural stimuli to find the multiple relevant stimulus features that affect the responses of a given neuron. Second, ways to characterize neural feature selectivity while assuming that the neural responses exhibit a certain type of invariance, such as position invariance for visual neurons, are discussed. Finally, we discuss methods that do not require one to make an assumption of invariance and instead can determine the type of invariance by analyzing relationships between the multiple stimulus features that affect the neural responses.
Reuse Readiness Levels as a Measure of Software Reusability

The reuse of software and related artifacts offers the potential for cost savings in various industries and has contributed to the development of the cyberinfrastructure that is used by the Earth science community. Developing measures that enable the assessment of software in terms of its potential reusability can contribute to efforts of both developers and reusers of software. Draft Reuse Readiness Levels (RRLs) have been developed as an instrument for assessing the maturity of software products for potential reuse. The process employed to develop the draft RRLs is described, and the initial summary of topic areas defined for each level is presented. Based on recommendations from the community of Earth science data systems software developers, areas for improving the precision of the draft RRLs have been identified and an approach for identifying enhancements is described.
Shakespeare's Coriolanus in the Political Science Classroom

In my course, I have students read the Federalist and some of the antifederalist writings. And I require them to read as much of Tocqueville's Democracy in America as possible. But I begin with Shakespeare's Coriolanus. This choice of text is peculiar, and I here address myself to that peculiarity. My aim is to show that Coriolanus fits with these other works and to show, given the depth and breadth of its themes, that it might also profitably be read and studied in other political science courses. To put it in the briefest compass: the more prominent themes of Coriolanus—the nature of ancient politics, political expertise, regimes, and the interplay of honor and ambition—make it well suited to the exploration of politics in general.
EFFECTS OF INFORMATION SOURCE, PEDIGREE, AND RELIABILITY ON OPERATORS' UTILIZATON OF DIAGNOSTIC ADVICE

Studies have demonstrated that humans appear to apply norms of humanhuman interaction to their interaction with machines. Yet, there exist subtle differences in peoples’ perceptions of automated aids compared to humans. We examined factors differentiating human-human and human-automation interaction, wherein participants (n = 180) performed a luggage-screening task with the assistance of human or automated advisers that differed in pedigree (expert vs. novice) and reliability (high vs. low). Dependence on advice was assessed. Participants agreed more with an automated ‘novice’ than a human ‘novice’ suggesting a bias toward automation. Automation biases broke down when automated aids portrayed as ‘experts’ generated errors, leading to a drop in compliance and reliance on automation relative to humans. The results have implications for the development of theoretical and computational models of optimal user dependence on decision aids.
If “Boys Will Be Boys,” Then Girls Will Be Victims? A Meta-Analytic Review of the Research That Relates Masculine Ideology to Sexual Aggression

In feminist sociocultural models of rape, extreme adherence to the masculine gender role is implicated in the perpetuation of sexual assault against women in that it encourages men to be dominant and aggressive, and it teaches that women are inferior to men and are sometimes worthy of victimization. Many researchers have linked components of masculine ideology to self-reports of past sexual aggression or future likelihood to rape. Thirty-nine effect sizes were examined in this meta-analysis across 11 different measures of masculine ideology to determine how strongly each index of masculine ideology was associated with sexual aggression. Although 10 of the 11 effect sizes were statistically significant, the 2 largest effects were for Malamuth's construct of “hostile masculinity” (e.g., Malamuth, Sockloskie, Koss, & Tanaka, 1991) and Mosher's construct of “hypermasculinity” (e.g., Mosher & Sirkin, 1984), both of which measure multiple components of masculine ideology including acceptance of aggression against women and negative, hostile beliefs about women. The next strongest relationships concerned measures of agreement that men are dominant over women and measures of hostility toward women. Scores on general measures of gender-role adherence, such as the Bem Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1974), were not strong predictors of sexual aggression. Sociocultural models that link patriarchal masculine id eology and situational factors to sexual aggression should prove most predictive in future research.
A broadband biosensor interface IC for miniaturized dielectric spectroscopy from MHz to GHz

This paper describes a broadband biosensor interface IC as part of a miniaturized measurement platform currently under development for MHz-to-GHz dielectric spectroscopy (DS). Developed in 0.35μm 2P/4M RF CMOS, the IC measures the frequency-dependent S21 magnitude and phase of a microfabricated microfluidic dielectric sensor, when the sensor is loaded with a solution-under-test (SUT). The IC architecture implements a modified frequency response analysis (FRA) method by first down-converting the biosensor response signal from the RF excitation frequency to an intermediate frequency (IF) of 1MHz using an LNA and active mixer, followed by down-converting the IF signal to dc using a coherent detector employing IF amplification stages with programmable gain, a passive mixer driven by in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signals, and an active-RC lowpass filter (LPF). Dielectric readings of ethanol from the biosensor interfaced with the IC at five excitation frequencies in the range of 50MHz to 2GHz are in excellent agreement (error <; 1%) with those from using a vector network analyzer (VNA) as the sensor readout. A reference measurement by an Agilent 85070E dielectric probe kit is also included to show proof-of-concept feasibility in miniaturization.
MRSI data reconstruction with Generalized SENSE

The Generalized SENSE algorithm has previously been proposed to reconstruct high-resolution MRI data obtained using incomplete spatial sampling with multi-channel detection. In this report a modification of this algorithm is presented and applied to magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data. It is shown that this reconstruction method enables a decrease in data acquisition time to be obtained with minimal impact on image quality.
Bradykinin B2 receptor null mice harboring a Ser23-to-Ala substitution in the p53 gene are protected from renal dysgenesis

A physiological cross talk operates between the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the bradykinin B2 receptor (BdkrB2) during renal organogenesis. Thus, although BdkrB2 is a target for p53-mediated t...
Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of β2-adrenergic receptor gene in rat liver during sepsis

Changes in β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) gene expression in the rat liver during different phases of sepsis were studied. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Septic rats exhib...
Toward real-time human detection and tracking in diverse environments

Human-robot interaction (HRI) encompasses numerous disciplines from psychology to mechanical engineering. Each field contributes to a robot's ability to better understand and respond to humans actions, and behaviors. A common thread is the need to detect a person and their location within an environment. In this paper we tackle the issue of identifying which objects in a scene are people. We also discuss current work on human detection, and strategies for improved performance.
Polarization and Conduction Mechanism in Mixed-Alkali Glasses

Thermally stimulated polarization and depolarization current (TSPC/TSDC) measurements on mixed alkali (Li-Na) silicate glasses show two TSDC peaks along with a dc conduction current at high temperatures, similar to single-alkali silicate glasses. The activation energies for the two TSDC peaks and for dc conduction increase with the addition of a second alkali. The first TSDC peak does not change in size but the second becomes substantially smaller when the second alkali is added. The reduction in size of the second TSDC peak correlates well with the reduction in the dielectric loss hi mixed-alkali glasses. A model is proposed to account for the behavior of the two TSDC peaks.
Performance analysis in AF/DF relay networks with beamforming

Beamforming (BF) performance is analyzed in amplify/decode and forward (AF/DF) fixed relay networks with a Rayleigh fading channel. Novel lower-bounds are presented for AF/DF relaying schemes such as selection relaying and relaying with known/unknown channel information of the relay link at the source and destination. We show that lower-bounds are achievable at the expense of a rate penalty. The optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold is analyzed for selection relaying. High SNR performance analysis is also done for AF relay networks. Finally, we show performance comparisons among strong-path BF and optimized BF with a corresponding lower-bound.
Stationary waves in cyclic swarms

The authors discuss the design of private swarms, i.e., swarms which can carry out the external task without knowing it. They have developed a methodology for designing cyclic swarms by solving asynchronously systems of linear equations describing a difference equation with periodic boundary conditions. The solutions form a large class of functions which can be used, with appropriate normalizations and rescalings, as orthonormal basis functions for producing arbitrary distributions. The convergence of the protocol devised to solve asynchronously the difference equation corresponding to the stationary wave equation with periodic boundary conditions has been proved and verified, starting from arbitrarily highly ordered or highly disordered initial distributions. The main advantages of this self-organization is in the privacy of the process. No unit is ever aware of the distribution it is working to realize. For the same reason, nobody could, by simply observing the swarm externally, predict to what distribution it is tending. Applications to the realization of sensing swarms are presented. >
Information Sharing And Its Link To Organizational Sub-Cultures In A Manufacturing Company

This study examined the cultures of two organizational departments and the relationship between their cultural norms and the effectiveness of their departmental information sharing systems. The findings indicated that (1) the two departments, described for the purpose of this study as “sub-cultures,” had developed conflicting norms which appeared linked to their departmental information sharing effectiveness; (2) during an organizational change process that involved rotation of department managers, workers underwent a three-stage change process identified as unlearning-boundary spanning-re-framing, similar to Lewin’s unfreezing model. These findings suggest that (1) department managers can play a major role in the learning and development of employees and should be supported in doing so; and (2) the organization consider a more holistic structure, where common language and mental models could alleviate and possibly eliminate the confusion and misinformation resulting from organizational sub-cultures.
Perioperative analgesic requirements in severely obese adolescents and young adults undergoing laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted gastric sleeve resection.

Purpose: One of the major advantages for patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery as compared to an open surgical procedure is the improved recovery profile and decreased opioid requirements in the perioperative period. There are no definitive studies comparing the analgesic requirements in patients undergoing two different types of minimally invasive procedure. This study retrospectively compares the perioperative analgesic requirements in severely obese adolescents and young adults undergoing laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted, laparoscopic gastric sleeve resection. Materials and Methods: With Institutional Review Board approval, the medication administration records of all severely obese patients who underwent gastric sleeve resection were retrospectively reviewed. Intra-operative analgesic and adjuvant medications administered, postoperative analgesic requirements, and visual analog pain scores were compared between those undergoing a laparoscopic procedure versus a robotic-assisted procedure. Results: This study cohort included a total of 28 patients who underwent gastric sleeve resection surgery with 14 patients in the laparoscopic group and 14 patients in the robotic-assisted group. Intra-operative adjuvant administration of both intravenous acetaminophen and ketorolac was similar in both groups. Patients in the robotic-assisted group required significantly less opioid during the intra-operative period as compared to patients in the laparoscopic group (0.15 ± 0.08 mg/kg vs. 0.19 ± 0.06 mg/kg morphine, P = 0.024). Cumulative opioid requirements for the first 72 postoperative h were similar in both the groups (0.64 ± 0.25 vs. 0.68 ± 0.27 mg/kg morphine, P = NS). No difference was noted in the postoperative pain scores. Conclusion: Although intraoperative opioid administration was lower in the robotic-assisted group, the postoperative opioid requirements, and the postoperative pain scores were similar in both groups.
Ignored Lingualism: Another Resource for Overcoming the Monolingual Mindset in Language Education Policy

Mainstream academic conversations in sociolinguistics and language education policy have for a long time questioned the deep-seated habit of assuming monolingualism as the norm for all individuals and societies—what has been termed the monolingual mindset. However, most research has done so using modernist linguistic ideologies that perpetuate myths about the nature of language. Consequently, there still remain strong pockets of influential conservative and hegemonic forces that resist—in both subtle and overt ways—attempts at valuing and validating not only multilingualism as a normal state of being for the majority of people around the world but also the diversity of language practices and conceptualizations, what I call ignored lingualism. This article uses the concept of ignored lingualism to offer new theoretical insights that have the potential to overcome the monolingual mindset in language education policy. It adds to emerging scholarly theorizations of language that promote and value translanguag...
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND HIP FRACTURES: THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY

Alcoholics often sustain hip and other fractures. However, a detailed examination of the association between alcohol consumption and hip fractures has not been undertaken. Specifically, the effects of moderate alcohol intake, of alcohol consumption in the elderly, and of changes in consumption have not been studied. Using a retrospective cohort design, the authors evaluated this association in the population-based Framingham Heart Study cohort, a group studied over 35 years and queried repeatedly about their alcohol consumption. In 117,224 person-years of observation, 217 hip fractures occurred. Heavy current alcohol consumption (defined as seven or more ounces (207 ml or more) per week) was associated with a modestly increased risk of hip fracture for women (relative risk (RR) = 1.54) and for men (RR = 1.26) after adjustment for age. In a logistic regression analysis controlling for age, sex, weight, and smoking, current alcohol consumption was associated with a significant (p = 0.01) increase in risk of fracture. The relative risks at different ages were not uniform. For those aged less than 65 years, moderate (2-6 ounces (59.14-177.4 ml) per week) and heavy (seven or more ounces (207 ml or more) per week) were associated with a substantial and significant increased risk, but there was only a marginal and nonsignificant increase in risk in those aged 65 years or more. Examination of the effect of changing alcohol consumption over time indicated that among present heavy alcohol users, past light alcohol consumption reduced the risk (p = 0.03) of fracture, whereas in those with present light consumption, past heavy intake had little effect on fracture risk (p = nonsignificant). In conclusion, alcohol consumption, especially if long-term and heavy, increases the risk of hip fracture. Language: en
Update on specifications for nif ignition targets

Targets intended to produce ignition on NIF are being simulated and the simulations used to set specifications for target fabrication. Recent design work has focused on refining the designs that use 1.0 MJ of laser energy, with ablators of Be(Cu), CH(Ge), and diamond-like C. The main-line hohlraum design now has a He gas fill, a wall of U-Au layers, and no shields as were formerly used between the capsule and the laser entrance holes. The emphasis in this presentation will be on changes in the requirements over the last year, and on the characteristics of the diamond-ablator design. Complete tables of specifications have been prepared for all of the targets. All the specifications are rolled together into an error budget indicating adequate margin for ignition with all of the designs.
Partial Oxidation and Cracking of Alkanes Over Noble Metal Coated Monoliths

Partial oxidation of propane and n-butane has been used to selectively produce ethylene and propylene. This autothermal process has been studied at atmospheric pressure over Pt coated ceramic foam monoliths at contact times less that 5 milliseconds. Olefins and synthesis gas (CO and H2) are the dominant products with no carbon deposition or catalyst deactivation observed over several days of operation.
Doppler Velocimetry: Where Does It Belong In Evaluation Of Fetal Status?

Doppler velocimetry is very useful as an antepartum surveillance tool that is able to detect pathologies of the fetus and predict the development of acidosis and hypoxia. Appropriate use can help us to decrease the mortality and morbidity in identifying earlier compromised fetuses.
Stylometric Watermarking

Using stochastic data to identify ownership has a long history, with stochastic features being used for a variety of identification applications such as voice print, handwriting recognition, and authorship attribution. Embedded traits such as stylistic preferences would help solve the question of ownership. Even though people sometimes make attempts to disguise their styles, they are rarely successful. Stylometry, a science of measuring literary style is often used in authorship attribution. A written piece is analyzed using statistics, math formulas and artificial intelligence to determine the "style" of an author's writing. The stylometric watermarking proposed in this paper tries to model the sty- lometry and apply it to digital watermarking. In the stylometric watermarking, the watermark is no longer deterministic, but stochastic, or a style.
Wound infections in renal transplant patients.

AbstractDuring a 33-month interval 106 consecutive renal transplants were performed. Prophylactic parenteral antibiotics, local wound irrigation with antibiotic solutions and drains were used. The over-all incidence of wound infection was 11.3 per cent. The true incidence in primary wounds was 8.4 per cent and in reopened wounds it was 21.7 per cent. Graft loss owing to infection was 33.3 per cent. Sepsis occurred in 25 per cent and death in 16.6 per cent of the patients with wound infection. The incidence of infections in hematomas was 27.5 per cent. The use of prophylactic measures contributed to a lower incidence of wound infection, while the use of drains and the occurrence of hematomas increased the incidence of infections.
Colon Visualization in Bone Scintigraphy: Case Report

A woman with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, status post-irradiation therapy, was evaluated for skeletal metastasis. Technetium-99m hydroxy methylene diphosphonate bone images showed an area of abnormal radiotracer localization in the left abdomen corresponding to the descending colon. Contrast radiographic study using gastrograffin enema confirmed a large colovesical fistula between the sigmoid colon and the urinary bladder. We believe that the presence of radiotracer accumulation in the bowel during a routine bone scintigraphy suggests communication between the urinary collecting system and the bowel.
Small-angle X-ray scattering to determine solution speciation of metal-oxo clusters

Abstract Molecular metal-oxo clusters are important intermediates between hydrated metal ions and metal oxides. They help elucidate the formation processes of metal oxides in nature and in synthesis; and they have numerous applications in catalysis, materials science, microbiology, separations and environmental science. Considerable focus is placed on determining the solid-state structures of these clusters. However, of equal and perhaps greater importance is the solution speciation of clusters. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a very powerful but underutilized technique to obtain speciation information of cluster solutions. This review highlights the type of information that can be obtained concerning the size and shape of clusters, interactions between clusters and evolution of cluster solutions with reactivity or aging. The X-ray studies discussed here include both simulated and experimental X-ray data of transition metal and actinide polyoxometalates, recently reported Hf-oxo polyanions and bismuth iron oxo clusters. Importantly and intentionally, all of the data presented herein was collected on a lab instrument, of which are becoming more commonly employed in all solution phase disciplines. This review is intended to inspire other researchers to determine how they could employ X-ray scattering in their own research in the wide range of disciplines that metal-oxo clusters impact.
Coping with Stress and Frustration

When Johnny last visited the dentist, he was greeted in the waiting room by the dental assistant, who explained the forthcoming procedures to him in great detail. As she described the equipment, the sensations, and the sequence of events, Johnny became tense, wide-eyed, and quiet. During the examination itself, he squirmed in the dentist’s chair and winced when the dentist warned him that he was about to feel pain. Johnny also suffered for several days after the procedure, complaining that his teeth were sore and that he was afraid of having a new cavity filled the following week. Craig’s experience at the dentist was quite the opposite. In his case, the assistant gave him a coloring book and crayons to occupy him while he waited. He happily played with these toys, humming softly to himself. Throughout the examination, Craig listened carefully to the dentist’s stories about fishing and swimming and remained cheerful. He never mentioned the dentist or his teeth to his mother after the examination and seemed nonplussed at the prospect of having another cavity filled.
Lecture 3: The Experiential and Contextual Subtheories

According to the triarchic theory, there are two facets of one’s experience with tasks and situations that are particularly crucial to intelligent behaviour. These facets are the ability to deal with with novel kinds of tasks and situations, and the ability to automatise information processing.
A Graph Based Method for the Prediction of Backbone Trace from Cryo-EM Density Maps

Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) is able to achieve high resolution density maps. These density maps are near atomic resolution and individual atoms can be seen as well as large secondary structure elements. However, it is challenging to extract the backbone structure information automatically and efficiently. This paper presents a novel method for creating a backbone trace and predicting locations of Cα atoms for high resolution density maps. It is a graph based method utilizing density along a backbone trace and features of secondary structure elements to find the optimal backbone trace and Cα atom locations. The method is mostly automatic requiring an initial user determined threshold value and primary secondary structure type. We tested our method on fifteen simulated maps at 3A resolution and four experimental cryo-EM density maps between 2.6-3.1A resolution. The result shows that our method is able to generate a complete Cα backbone trace when the density map is not missing data at near atomic resolution.
Special Education Law in the United States

American children with disabilities benefit from broad-based statutory protections most notably under the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)2 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.3 In light of developments protecting children with disabilities, this section of the article reviews legal developments in the United States with regard to their educational rights.
Interview and Observation Methods in Functional Assessment

Challenging behaviors are evinced by individuals who have a variety of disabilities including those with intellectual disability (ID; McClintock, Hall, & Oliver, 2003; Poppes, van der Putten, & Vlaskamp, 2010) and/or autism spectrum disorders (ASD; Matson, Wilkins, & Macken, 2009; Mudford et al., 2008; Murphy, Healy, & Leader, 2009), as well as those individuals who have mild disabilities or do not possess any documented disabilities (Gettinger & Stoiber, 2006; Kinch, Lewis-Palmer, Hagan-Burke, & Sugai, 2001). When formulating treatment plans for these individuals, clinicians often state that conducting a functional behavioral assessment is an integral part of the process and assists in treatment planning. In fact, federal law in the USA currently mandates that treatment of all challenging behaviors is based on the results of a functional behavioral assessment as stated in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of, 1997 and 2004 (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of, 1997, 20 U.S.C. Section 1400 et seq, 1997; Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of, 2004, 11 Stat. 37 U.S.C. Section 1401, 2004). However, the methods of conducting a functional behavioral assessment need not be identical across cases. Techniques are often individualized depending on the frequency and severity of the challenging behavior, availability of resources, and information that has already been acquired regarding the challenging behavior and its function(s).
Large-scale protein function prediction using heterogeneous ensembles.

Heterogeneous ensembles are an effective approach in scenarios where the ideal data type and/or individual predictor are unclear for a given problem. These ensembles have shown promise for protein function prediction (PFP), but their ability to improve PFP at a large scale is unclear. The overall goal of this study is to critically assess this ability of a variety of heterogeneous ensemble methods across a multitude of functional terms, proteins and organisms. Our results show that these methods, especially Stacking using Logistic Regression, indeed produce more accurate predictions for a variety of Gene Ontology terms differing in size and specificity. To enable the application of these methods to other related problems, we have publicly shared the HPC-enabled code underlying this work as LargeGOPred ( https://github.com/GauravPandeyLab/LargeGOPred ).
Comprehensive assessment of biotin interference in immunoassays

Abstract Background Biotinylated antibodies and analogues are currently used in many immunoassays while biotin is widely used as a dietary supplement. Thus, biotin interference is an emerging issue for clinical laboratories. Methods Various concentrations of biotin solutions were prepared using pooled patient serum samples. All analytes were measured by sandwich or competitive immunoassay on the Roche Cobas 8000 e602 platform. Results Some of the sandwich immunoassay results were falsely decreased to different extents by different biotin levels, while some of the competitive immunoassay results were falsely increased. The most notable false reductions were in high-sensitivity troponin T, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone results, while the most notable false increases were in triiodothyronine and vitamin D results. Other immunoassay results were also affected to some extent by biotin interference. Conclusions Biotin can interfere in immunoassays and result in aberrant test results. Clinicians should use caution in interpreting abnormal results in patients who ingest biotin.
Polymer-modified microbially induced carbonate precipitation for one-shot targeted and localized soil improvement

The viscous nature of certain hydrophilic polymer solutions and the tendency of these solutions to retain moisture may make them suitable carriers for the process of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) for certain engineering proposes. Specifically, tuning the viscosity of the cementation solution enables the control of its infiltration process and thus control of the treatment region in highly permeable soils; the enhanced water retention also helps to maintain the moist conditions required for MICP in certain treatment cases. Therefore, it seems promising to utilize a hydrophilic polymer to develop a one-shot polymer-modified MICP approach for potential applications that require localized and targeted soil improvement. Presented in this paper are experiments conducted to investigate a new polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-modified MICP approach. Standard Ottawa graded sand was treated using both polymer-modified and conventional water-based MICP solutions with different concentrations of cementation media. For the obtained specimens, the chemical components were identified through thermogravimetric analysis, the CaCO3 content was measured, and unconfined compression tests were conducted to evaluate the shear strength. The morphology, distribution, and crystal polymorphs of the precipitated CaCO3 were also characterized. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed polymer-modified MICP approach as a one-shot MICP treatment scheme. Moreover, two bench-scale soil improvement cases were conducted to highlight the advantages of the proposed polymer-modified MICP approach over the water-based approach for certain potential soil improvement applications.
Sensor Selection and Stage & Result Classifications for Automated Miniature Screwdriving

Hundreds of billions of small screws are assembled in consumer electronics industry every year, yet reliably automating the screwdriving process remains one of the most challenging tasks. Two barriers to further adoption of robotic threaded fastening systems are system cost and technical challenges, especially for small screws. An affordable intelligent screwdriving system that can support online stage and result classification is the first step to bridge the gap. To this end, starting from a state transition graph of screwdriving processes and a labeled screwdriving dataset (1862 runs of M1.4 screws) on multiple sensor signals, we develop classification algorithms and perform sensor reduction. Fast and accurate result classifiers are developed using linear discriminant analysis, while a wrapper method for feature subset selection is used to identify the optimal feature subset and corresponding sensor signals to reduce cost. A stage classifier based on decision tree is developed using the optimal sensor subset. The stage classifier achieves high accuracy in realtime prediction of various stages when augmented with the state transition graph.
Radiopathological correlation of a von Hippel-Lindau syndrome associated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour with clear cell features

A 47-year-old woman with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-associated cerebellar haemangioblastoma presented for surveillance abdominal MRI. A 3 cm pancreatic tail mass lesion showed T1 signal drop on oppose-phase images, indicating intracellular lipid component ([figure 1A,B][1]). It also exhibited
The Integration of EMA and Single-Occasion Multimethod Assessment Data for a Complex Psychiatric Patient:

The utilization of multimethod assessment approaches can provide comprehensive information regarding daily interpersonal and personality functioning, increasing opportunities to guide treatment planning in a more personalized, evidence-based manner. The routine implementation of multimethod assessment within clinical settings, however, remains rare, and there are few studies that have reviewed the clinical utility of multimethod assessment. Our goal in this study was to analyze multimethod data collected from a single research subject enrolled in residential treatment in order to illustrate the process of integrating data across both single-occasion (e.g., self-report, performance-based, and behavioral tests) and multitimepoint (ecological momentary assessment of interpersonal experiences) dimensions. Results revealed both areas of convergence and divergence across measures, enabling the development of a complex clinical formulation that sharpened diagnostic considerations and contributed valuable insights to treatment planning. Our findings provide support for the value of incorporating multimethod assessment into routine clinical practice.
Biomolecular condensates in cancer cell biology: interleukin-6-induced cytoplasmic and nuclear STAT3/PY-STAT3 condensates in hepatoma cells

We highlight previous incompletely understood cell biology data in the STAT3 signaling field with respect to interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced activation of this transcription factor in hepatoma cells to generate cytoplasmic and nuclear STAT3 bodies. We provide a novel re-interpretation of the previous observations. We show that IL-6-induced GFP-STAT3/PY-STAT3 cytoplas-mic and nuclear bodies represent phase-separated biomolecular condensates. These structures represent examples of a cytokine-induced phase transition which occurs within 10-15 min of exposure to the cytokine, and which was Tyr phosphorylation dependent. Evidence that these IL-6-induced cytoplasmic and nuclear GFP-STAT3 bodies in live cells represented phase-separated condensates came from the observation that 1,6-hexanediol caused their disassembly within 30-60 seconds. Moreover, these STAT3 condensates also showed rapid tonicity-driven phase transitions - disassembly under hypotonic conditions and reassembly when cells were returned to isotonic medium. That STAT3 condensates were rapidly disassembled in hypotonic buffer commonly used for cell fractionation points to a limitation of studies of STAT3 biochemistry using hypotonic swelling and mechanical breakage. Overall, the new data help reinterpret IL-6-induced cytoplasmic and nuclear STAT3 bodies as phase-separated biomolecular condensates, and bring the concept of membrane-less organelles to the cytokine-induced STAT transcription factor field and cancer cell biology.