cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
It's About Time: Narrative and the Divided Self

When I learned that my father had died while I was attending a national communication conference, two worlds within me—the academic and the personal—collided, and I was forced to confront the large gulf that divided them. In this article, I weave the story of that experience into the wider fabric of disconnections that promotes isolation and inhibits risk taking and change within universities and academic disciplines. In the process, I question whether the structures of power constitutive of academic socialization are not as difficult to resist as those of one's family, and the consequences as constraining. I use personal narrative to show how storytelling works to build a continuous life of experience, linking the past to the future from the standpoint of the present; to proble matize the process of assigning meanings to memories via language; to draw attention to the significance of institutional depression m universities; and to blur the line between theory and story.
Somato-Dendritic Localization and Signaling by Leptin Receptors in Hypothalamic POMC and AgRP Neurons

Leptin acts via neuronal leptin receptors to control energy balance. Hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)/Neuropeptide Y (NPY)/GABA neurons produce anorexigenic and orexigenic neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, and express the long signaling form of the leptin receptor (LepRb). Despite progress in the understanding of LepRb signaling and function, the sub-cellular localization of LepRb in target neurons has not been determined, primarily due to lack of sensitive anti-LepRb antibodies. Here we applied light microscopy (LM), confocal-laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and electron microscopy (EM) to investigate LepRb localization and signaling in mice expressing a HA-tagged LepRb selectively in POMC or AgRP/NPY/GABA neurons. We report that LepRb receptors exhibit a somato-dendritic expression pattern. We further show that LepRb activates STAT3 phosphorylation in neuronal fibers within several hypothalamic and hindbrain nuclei of wild-type mice and rats, and specifically in dendrites of arcuate POMC and AgRP/NPY/GABA neurons of Leprb+/+ mice and in Leprbdb/db mice expressing HA-LepRb in a neuron specific manner. We did not find evidence of LepRb localization or STAT3-signaling in axon-fibers or nerve-terminals of POMC and AgRP/NPY/GABA neurons. Three-dimensional serial EM-reconstruction of dendritic segments from POMC and AgRP/NPY/GABA neurons indicates a high density of shaft synapses. In addition, we found that the leptin activates STAT3 signaling in proximity to synapses on POMC and AgRP/NPY/GABA dendritic shafts. Taken together, these data suggest that the signaling-form of the leptin receptor exhibits a somato-dendritic expression pattern in POMC and AgRP/NPY/GABA neurons. Dendritic LepRb signaling may therefore play an important role in leptin’s central effects on energy balance, possibly through modulation of synaptic activity via post-synaptic mechanisms.
GDP-Mannose-4,6-Dehydratase Is a Cytosolic Partner of Tankyrase 1 That Inhibits Its Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activity

Tankyrase 1 is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) that participates in a broad range of cellular activities due to interaction with multiple binding partners. Tankyrase 1 recognizes a linear six-amino-acid degenerate motif and, hence, has hundreds of potential target proteins. Binding of partner proteins to tankyrase 1 usually results in their poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARsylation) and can lead to ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. However, it is not known how tankyrase 1 PARP activity is regulated. Here we identify GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (GMD) as a binding partner of tankyrase 1. GMD is a cytosolic protein required for the first step of fucose synthesis. We show that GMD is complexed to tankyrase 1 in the cytosol throughout interphase, but its association with tankyrase 1 is reduced upon entry into mitosis, when tankyrase 1 binds to its other partners TRF1 (at telomeres) and NuMA (at spindle poles). In contrast to other binding partners, GMD is not PARsylated by tankyrase 1. Indeed, we show that GMD inhibits tankyrase 1 PARP activity in vitro, dependent on the GMD tankyrase 1 binding motif. In vivo, depletion of GMD led to degradation of tankyrase 1, dependent on the catalytic PARP activity of tankyrase 1. We speculate that association of tankyrase 1 with GMD in the cytosol sequesters tankyrase 1 in an inactive stable form that can be tapped by other target proteins as needed.
Acyclic metathesis during ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclopentene

Abstract ‘Living’ ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) permits the synthesis of narrow-distribution homopolymers and well-defined block copolymers – provided no side reactions occur. However, acyclic metathesis between the chain end and double bonds in the polymer backbone competes with propagation during ROMP of cyclopentene, even with a mild Mo catalyst, though the rate constant is some 1600-fold smaller. ‘Dead’ chains in the reaction mixture can also be attacked; the products of acyclic metathesis are tagged by quenching the ROMP reaction with pyrenecarboxaldehyde. The extent of acyclic metathesis can be minimized through proper choice of reaction conditions, permitting the synthesis of narrow-distribution polycyclopentene with 100 kg/mol molecular weight.
Sibling Relationships and Adolescents' Mental Health: The Interrelationship of Structure and Quality

Although sibling structure influences some aspects of adolescents' well-being, including deviance and educational achievement, little research has explored the association between sibling structure and adolescents' mental health. This study explores how sibling structure (the number of siblings, full versus step- or half-siblings, the relative age of siblings, and the gender composition of siblings) influences adolescents' mental health and whether sibling relationship quality mediates or interacts with sibling structure. Using data from the 1995 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, the author performs multilevel modeling to control for siblings' sharing a joint family context. Results indicate that sibling structure has few associations with mental health and sibling relationship quality generally does not mediate (or suppress) these associations. However, sibling structure moderates the association between sibling relationship quality and adolescents' mental health. Thus, sibling structure ...
Human and macaque pupil responses driven by melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells

Melanopsin, a novel photopigment, has recently been localized to a population of retinal ganglion cells that display inherent photosensitivity. During continuous light and following light offset, primates are known to exhibit sustained pupilloconstriction responses that resemble closely the photoresponses of intrinsically-photoreceptive ganglion cells. We report that, in the behaving macaque, following pharmacological blockade of conventional photoreceptor signals, significant pupillary responses persist during continuous light and following light offset. These pupil responses display the unique spectral tuning, slow kinetics, and irradiance coding of the sustained, melanopsin-derived ganglion cell photoresponses. We extended our observations to humans by using the sustained pupil response following light offset to document the contribution of these novel ganglion cells to human pupillary responses. Our results indicate that the intrinsic photoresponses of intrinsically-photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells play an important role in the pupillary light reflex and are primarily responsible for the sustained pupilloconstriction that occurs following light offset.
Limitations to Quantitative Analysis of Fluid Inclusions in Geological Samples by Laser Raman Microprobe Spectroscopy

The theoretical parameters underlying quantitative Raman spectroscopy [relative normalized differential Raman scattering (RNDRS) cross sections] are discussed. A method is described [based on Placzek's polarizability theory (see text for reference)] by which relative abundances of species of geological interest (e.g., CO2, CH4, SO2) in individual fluid inclusions are analyzed in practice. Whereas the precision of the analysis is determined by "practical limitations" (which include counting statistics and instrumental reproducibility), its accuracy depends on "practical" as well as "theoretical limitations." The latter are due to uncertainties in the available RNDRS cross sections. These uncertainties are so large (or even unknown to date, e.g., for liquid or high-pressure gas phases) that it becomes very difficult to estimate the accuracy of the final result. By making the (not very realistic) assumption that the RNDRS cross sections available in the literature apply to the individual fluid inclusion under analysis as well as to the instrumental configuration, we determined the mean composition of a set of synthetic fluid inclusions to be 14.8 ± 2.0 mole % CH4 and 85.2 ± 2.0 mole % CO2.
PS2-8: ePhenotyping for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Background/Aims A large volume of clinical data is captured in electronic medical records (EMRs), and feasibly extracting the data to define clinical phenotypes is valuable to health care research. We designed an algorithm to define abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) cases and controls. We implemented the algorithm using our institutional warehouse and propose using the HMORN Virtual Data Warehouse (VDW) to replicate our findings.
MULTIPROGRAMMING A DISTRIBUTED-MEMORY MULTIPROCESSOR

The development of computing systems with large numbers of processors has been motivated primarily by the need to solve large complex problems more quickly than is possible with uniprocessor systems. Traditionally, multiprocessor systems have been uniprogrammed, i.e., dedicated to the execution of a single set of related processes, since this approach provides the fastest response for an individual program once it begins execution. However, if the goal of a multiprocessor system is to minimize average response time or to maximize throughput, then multiprogramming must be considered. In this paper, a model of a simple multiprocessor system with a two-program workload is reviewed; the model is then applied to an Intel iPSC/2 hypercube multiprocessor with a workload consisting of parallel wavefront algorithms for solving triangular systems of linear equations. Throughputs predicted by the model are compared with throughputs obtained experimentally from an actual system. The results provide validation for the model and indicate that significant performance improvements for multiprocessor systems are possible through multiprogramming. 4 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.
Cooperative MIMO for alien noise cancellation in upstream VDSL

We present cooperative MIMO for alien noise cancellation (CoMAC): a per-tone, blind, low-complexity, linear, and adaptive noise whitening algorithm for alien crosstalk mitigation in upstream vectored VDSL systems. CoMAC directly acts on the residual errors of the vectored users after self-FEXT cancellation and frequency domain equalization, and thus, leverages the inherent alien-crosstalk-induced spatial correlation across users. CoMAC employs a lowcomplexity recursion scheme derived from the optimal MMSE noise whitener to non-disruptively initialize, engage, and adapt the noise canceller while the vectored users operate in data mode. Assuming reliable transmit symbol estimation at its input, we show that CoMAC achieves the Cramer-Rao lower bound. Further, the SNR improvements accruing from CoMAC can be translated into substantial rate improvements for upstream vectored VDSL.
Measurement and Optimization of the Emittance of a 300-ns 250-A 3.4-MeV Electron Beam

Author(s): Allison, R.W.; Beal, J.W.; Everett, W.L.; Guggemos, J.R.; Lamb, W.A.S.; Richter, R.M.; Sherwood, W.A.; Spoerlein, R.L.; Tanabe, J.; Wright, R.E.; Zajec, E.
Hausdorff measure of the graph of fractional Brownian motion

Let X ( t ) ( t ∈ R N ) be a fractional Brownian motion in R d of index α. Let Gr X ([0, 1] N ) be the graph of X and let formula here and formula here It is proved that if N d , then almost surely formula here and if N >α d , then almost surely formula here where ϕ- m is the ϕ-Hausdorff measure and K 1 , K 2 are positive finite constants. The exact Hausdorff measure of the image and graph of certain Gaussian random fields with independent fractional Brownian motion components are also obtained.
Probability Based Optimal Collision Avoidance Maneuvers

*† This paper presents a new technique to design a col lision avoidance maneuver when a conjunction analysis indicates that the probability of collision is above a certain threshold. This technique makes use of the Aerospace Corporation designed NLP2 algorithm to numerically design a minimal delta-V maneuver to reduce the probability of collision below the threshold of concern as well as optionally meet ing a miss distance constraint. In addition, the algorithm can consider uncertainties in the con juncting objects’ covariances, either individually or jointly, as part of the objective p robability. The algorithm is fast, robust, and highly tunable. This technique has been prototyped for analysis. Experimental results and conclusions about the algorithm and collision avoid ance in general are also given.
Rapid and Accurate HPLC Assay for Plasma Total Homocysteine and Cysteine in a Clinical Laboratory Setting

Although several approaches for measuring plasma total homocysteine by HPLC have been described during the last few years (1)(2)(3)(4), none combines all the desired features for a rapid, user-friendly, and robust assay: (a) a stable, efficient, and nonhazardous reducing agent; (b) incorporation of a suitable internal standard; and (c) rapid, isocratic separation of the thiols of interest, using a mobile phase of mild pH. We have therefore modified the method of Vester and Rasmussen (5) by using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), a newer stable, water-soluble phosphine derivative introduced by Gilfix et al. (6), as the reducing agent, cystamine as the internalnd isocratic separation of the thiols extracted from only 50 μL of pla standard, asma within 6 min. A mixture of 50 μL of plasma, 25 μL of internal standard, and 25 μL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) was incubated with 10 μL of 100 g/L TCEP (Pierce Chemical Co.) for 30 min at room temperature to reduce and release protein-bound thiols, after which 90 μL of 100 g/L trichloroacetic acid containing 1 mmol/L EDTA was added for deproteinization. After the sample was centrifuged for 10 min at 13000 g , 50 μL of the supernatant was added to an autosampler vial containing 10 μL of 1.55 mol/L NaOH; 125 μL of 0.125 mol/L borate buffer containing 4 mmol/L EDTA, pH 9.5; and 50 μL of 1 g/L SBD-F (Wako Chemicals) in the borate buffer. The sample was then incubated for 60 min at 60 °C. HPLC was carried out on a 2690 Alliance solvent delivery system …
4. The form of presentation of the International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic alphabet (IPA) has been standardized and published in two main forms: the one in The Principles of the International Phonetic Association (1949) and the one in the revised chart issued in 1979. A further revision, perhaps quite radical, may be expected at some point after the 1989 Convention in Kiel. I am concerned here with general questions about the way the IPA as it presently exists should be presented to consumers.
Social Networks and Stratification in the Urban Chinese Labor Market: The Case of Laid-Off Textile Workers and Their Officials in the Tianjin Municipality*

By what mechanisms has China's developing capitalist labor market been producing stratification patterns of reemployment and wage differences among laid-off workers in the late 1990s? Theoretical perspectives delineating state, market, and societal mechanisms are used to guide exploratory analyses of data from a sample of workers who were laid off from state-owned textile enterprises in the Tianjin municipality. Three findings are reported. First, men with what Portes defined as downward leveling "negative social capital" are less likely to become reemployed. A second, more tenuous, finding is that workers with a higher level of education are more likely to be reemployed. Third, workers with a social network tie to at least one official from a government administrative agency are more likely to be reemployed and, among those reemployed, more likely to earn higher wages, as compared to workers with a social network tie to at least one official from a state-owned enterprise or workers lacking a social network tie to any official. This third finding, along with reports of analogous findings culled from a review of published literature, stimulates us to go beyond the data to theoretically speculate about how Chinese officialdom has become somewhat more differentiated and consequent ramifications for understanding newly emerging changes in China's stratification order.
CYTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF X-RAY-INDUCED MUTATIONS AT EIGHT SPECIFIC LOCI IN THE THIRD CHROMOSOME OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

The application of cytogenetic techniques to studies of radiation effects gives a measure of the physical damage to the chromosomes. Such qualitative and quantitative measures of the chromosomal damage and correlation of these results with genetic tests are necessary for the detection and separation of mutational pattern differences in various types of germ cells or mutational pattern differences as a result of various types of radiation. It is with this combination of cytological and genetic techniques that we come closest to determining the exact nature and extent of heritable damage to the organism. Numerous investigations on the induction of lethal and visible mutations have been carried out; however, in many instances, cytological analysis of these mutations to determine the chromosomal changes associated with the genetic changes has not been practical. Much of the material was not suitable for a detailed cytological analysis, but with the discovery that the salivary gland chromosomes of the dipterous insects could be used for cytogenetic analysis (PAINTER 1933), Drosophila melanogaster became the ideal organism for such studies. The first application of combined genetic and cytological tests to a group of X-rayinduced specific autosomal mutations was by PAINTER and PATTERSON (1935) who used X-ray-induced mutations at eight specific loci in the autosomal third chromosome of D. melanogaster. (See also ALEXANDER 1954.) The present investigation also combines genetic and cytological analyses. The X-ray-induced genetic damage was recovered as visible mutations at eight specific loci on the third chromosome of D. melanogaster, seven of which were used by PAINTER and PATTERSON. These mutants were analyzed genetically for viability and cytologically for the presence of chromosomal aberrations. In addition to the determination of the types and frequencies of the chromosomal changes, the types and frequencies of changes induced in the ma
Influence of ultraviolet radiation on germination and early seedling growth

The influence of UV-B radiation (280–320 nm) from filtered and unfiltered FS-40 fluorescent sunlamps on germination and early seedling growth was examined for a range of vegetables (tomato, radish, cucumber, lettuce, and bean) and field crops (wheat, cotton, soybean, and millet). Continuous exposure of seeds for 3 days to 26.9 × 10−2 W × m−2 UV-B radiation (280–320 nm) at 25°C, had a slight effect on fresh weight of seedlings but no appreciable influence on germination percentage, or dry weight of seedlings. Extending the time of exposure to 6 days, however, resulted in abnormal seedling growth in all species but wheat. Typical responses were short, stubby roots, bronzing of the cotyledons, increased pigmentation, and abnormal curvature of the shoots.
Anesthesia for the Geriatric Trauma Patient

As healthcare continues to improve, the average life expectancy is increasing and hospitals are seeing a steady rise in the average age of their trauma patients. The elderly have unique physiology, pharmacokinetics, and anesthetic concerns that differ from their younger counterparts. This chapter focuses on the impact of geriatric trauma in hospitals, initial triaging and assessment, special pharmacologic and physiologic considerations, the most common injuries, and current anesthetic management strategies.
Geophagic behavior in the mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus): support for meeting metabolic demands

Geophagy, the intentional consumption of earth or earth matter, occurs across taxa. Nutrient and mineral supplementation is most commonly cited to explain its adaptive benefits; yet many specific h...
Cumulative experiences with life adversity: Identifying critical levels for targeting prevention efforts

This paper aims to assess the role of individual types and cumulative life adversity for understanding depressive symptomatology and aggressive behavior. Data were collected in 2011 as part of the Teen Life Online and in Schools Study from 916 ethnically-diverse students from 12 middle, K-8, 6-12 and high schools in the Midwest United States. Youth reported an average of 4.1 non-victimization adversities and chronic stressors in their lifetimes. There was a linear relationship between number of adversities and depression and aggression scores. Youth reporting the highest number of adversities (7 or more) had significantly higher depression and aggression scores than youth reporting any other number of adversities suggesting exposure at this level is a critical tipping point for mental health concerns. Findings underscore an urgent need to support youth as they attempt to negotiate, manage, and cope with adversity in their social worlds.
Superconcentration and Chaos

This chapter contains the formal definitions of superconcentration and chaos, and a theorem proving the equivalence of superconcentration and chaos. This is one of the key results of this monograph. Applications of the equivalence theorem to prove chaos in polymers, spin glasses and eigenvectors of random matrices are worked out.
Managing Expropriation Risks in the Energy Sector: Steps for Foreign Investors to Minimise their Exposure and Maximise Prospects for Recovery when Takings Occur

In this article the author examines the unique expropriation risks faced by energy companies doing business overseas, explores how these risks have evolved over time, and highlights recent cases in...
Influence of Age of Animal and Nature of Injected Hormone Preparation on Antihormone Production

Summary(1) Mature rats produce more antihormone principle in response to injections of anterior pituitary-like gonadotropic preparations than rats which are immature when treatment is begun. (2) Of 2 gonadotropic preparations tested, the one containing a large amount of protein evoked less antihormone production but more precipitins than the one containing less antigenic material.
Unsolved Homicides: What We Do and Do Not Know

In 1960 when the homicide rate in the United States was 9,110 the clearance rate stood at 92% (FBI, 1997), accounting for the clearance of 8,382 murders (Harris, Thomas, Fisher, & Hirsch, 2002; Regoeczi & Miethe, 2003; Litwin, 2004). Unfortunately, by 2002 the reported number of homicides solved and cleared by arrests had dipped to 62% (FBI, 2002). The unsolved rate in 2002 in the United States represented a 76% increase since 1960. The increase in unsolved/ uncleared homicide offenses has grown during the last 45 years in spite of the advances in investigative technologies, educational and training enhancements for investigators, and operational emphasis by law enforcement agencies towards community policing. The article explores issues and inferences from current research regarding reasons for the decline in the past decades in the solving of homicides in the United States. doi:10.1300/J460v02n03_05
State Collapse and Household Resilience in the Oaxaca Valley of Mexico

A two-year project of survey, surface collection, and excavation on the hill of Cerro Danush within the site of Dainzu-Macuilxochitl in Oaxaca, Mexico, was focused on identifying and characterizing the Late Classic (A.D. 600–850/900) and Early Postclassic (A.D. 850/900–1300) components of the site, which coincide with the political fragmentation and reorganization of complex society within the Valley of Oaxaca. The transition in sociopolitical organization from the Classic to Postclassic has been the subject of several research projects, but few, if any, have clearly identified an Early Postclassic settlement. A radiocarbon analysis of charcoal samples collected during the excavation of a residential complex on Cerro Danush reveals its most recent period of occupation to be between A.D. 1000 and 1300, placing it firmly within the Early Postclassic. The excavation data are contextualized with data from the surface collection, illuminating patterns of Late Classic political fragmentation and Early Postclassic household resilience. Since Dainzu-Macuilxochitl emerged in the Late Postclassic (A.D. 1300–1521) as a powerful city-state, exploring its Early Postclassic component contributes to the study of how societies reorganize on a local level after the collapse of centralized authority, such as the Classic period Monte Alban state.
DNA Shape Dominates Sequence Affinity in Nucleosome Formation

Nucleosomes provide the basic unit of compaction in eukaryotic genomes, and the mechanisms that dictate their position at specific locations along a DNA sequence are of central importance to genetics. In this Letter, we employ molecular models of DNA and proteins to elucidate various aspects of nucleosome positioning. In particular, we show how DNA's histone affinity is encoded in its sequence-dependent shape, including subtle deviations from the ideal straight B-DNA form and local variations of minor groove width. By relying on high-precision simulations of the free energy of nucleosome complexes, we also demonstrate that, depending on DNA's intrinsic curvature, histone binding can be dominated by bending interactions or electrostatic interactions. More generally, the results presented here explain how sequence, manifested as the shape of the DNA molecule, dominates molecular recognition in the problem of nucleosome positioning.
A Primer on in Situ Fluorometry to Monitor Dispersed Oil

ABSTRACT A flow-through fluorometry system is a valuable tool for measuring dispersed oil concentrations real-time in freshwater and marine environments. As part of the new Scientific Monitoring of...
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Structured Packing

An electronic representation of Sulzer’s Mellapak N250Y structured packing was generated by subjecting a physical packing element to CT scan. The resulting file was imported into a three-dimensional imaging program and then copied, translated, and rotated to create a stack of three packing elements. This stack was then inserted into an open-ended cylindrical surface to approximate a packed column. The resulting three-dimensional image file was imported into the Star-CCM+ CFD software and meshed using the Surface Remesher and Polygonal Volume Meshing routines to create a high-quality volume mesh. The mesh was then utilized to produce a series of CFD simulations. Flow rates were chosen so that the velocities studied would match those commonly employed in the vapor phase of industrial distillation columns. The pressure drop across the packing was monitored during iterative computations, and its rate of change was used to judge convergence. The simulation predictions were shown to be in good agreement with ex...
Management Mode of Urban Community Public Health Services Within the Family Doctor System

Objective To explore a fit management mode of urban community public health services within the family doctor system and to provide references for further improvement. Methods We took Minhang District of Shanghai as the subject and investigate its management model of public health services within the family doctor system. Minhang District became a pilot place for family doctor- based community healthcare system in 2011. Since then,the management model of public health services in the district has merged with family doctor system gradually by taking a series of measures: the adjustment of organization andcoordination mechanism in community public health services,the organic integration of basic public health services closely related with clinic practice,the establishment of an informationized Internet service platform of family doctor system,the comprehensive budget management of public health service programs and the performance evaluation management of health workers. Results By the end of 2014,the number of residents contracted with family doctor system in Minhang District reached 1. 4367 million and all of them established family health records. The rates of maternal management and children management stayed at high level( ≥96%); the coverage rate of hypertension management 〔40. 73%( 211 518 /519 331) vs. 28. 70%( 149 075 /519 425) 〕,the rate of effective control on hypertension〔82. 13%( 173 720 /211 518) vs. 77. 51%( 115 548 /149 075) 〕,the coverage rate of diabetes〔37. 85%( 64 367 /170 058) vs. 21. 93%( 37 301 /170 091) 〕, the rate of effective control on the blood sugar of diabetic patients〔82. 43%( 53 058 /64 367) vs. 62. 77%( 23 413 /37 301) 〕and the coverage of students' health management〔99. 79%( 134 448 /134 733) vs. 91. 54%( 110 505 /120 718) 〕all increased( P 0. 001) compared with 2010. Conclusion Family doctor system may be a trend of the development of community public health services,which can better maintain the residents' health and enhance the public health service capacity. However, currently this system is associated with numerous limitations including the shortage of family doctors,weak public health service skills and concept,unclear division of difference services and imperfect department coordination,which are urgent to be solved.
Biochemical and Genetic Regulation of Photorespiration

Although much has been learned about photorespiration, the failure to obtain accurate and reliable assays of photorespiration in leaf tissue has hindered progress. It has been questioned whether the magnitude of photorespiration in C3 plants is as great as 50% of net photosynthesis at normal concentrations of O2 and CO2 as has been stated (Zelitch, 1979). The uncertainties about the quantitative aspects of various assays of photorespiration have caused considerable confusion and delayed achieving the biochemical and genetic regulation of photorespiration in leaf tissue. Two recent developments in the quantitative assay of photorespiration carried out by colleagues address this question in new and independent ways and provide new support for the existence of a rapid rate of photorespiration in C3 plants.
LA LEGITIMACIÓN DEL LUGAR DE LA RELIGIÓN EN LA COMPRENSIÓN DE LA PERSONA HUMANA: UN ENFOQUE PROBATORIO PARA INTERPRETAR LA FUNCIÓN SIGNIFICATIVA DEL JUEGO SAGRADO

Religion on a more institutional level and spirituality in a more personally existential way is not a respecter of socio-economic status, limited to whether or not a country is developed, or fickle about where it takes root geographically. Even the “New Atheism” movement complies with pseudo-doctrines, proves zealous for deeply-rooted beliefs, and has even started meeting in what are called atheist “mega-churches.” It would seem that human beings are inclined to the phenomenon of organized religion and/or “sacred play” no matter what their backgrounds are or what historical localization they claim. Though religion, theology, and the claims therein should be weighty in discussions concerning the human person, often these sciences are dismissed as secondary or even unnecessary. However, more are admitting that to understand mankind in general and the individual in particular, one must incorporate what these discussions afford. As Haslina Ibrahim (2008) rightly acknowledges, “to fully understand man, it is vital that we reconcile the study of religions with other sciences that fall under the study of humanities.” To this end, this argument will build an evidential case for the pervasiveness of sacred play and call readers to understand something of its legitimacy in discussions of the human person. This will be accomplished by building a compendium of characteristics witnessed in the human person that are generally observed among social scientists and then connecting these both individually and collectively to the phenomenon of sacred play.
Filibustering from Africa to the Americas: non-state actors and empire

AbstractThis article looks at dominant definitions of empire, in particular those emphasizing large polities as the sole agents of imperial expansion. By doing so, it draws attention to the overlooked role of filibusters: private, non-state actors who initiate unauthorized military endeavours, either in an attempt to carve out empires for themselves or for their home state. It demonstrates that filibustering is not a practice unique only to the Americas or to the nineteenth century as so much of the literature suggests. Lastly, it scrutinizes the cultural and historical impact of the phenomenon. In terms of the former, it argues that filibustering had an important literary and filmic influence. Regarding the latter, it advocates that it frequently led to further violent intercessions in many of the countries occupied and influenced a particular style of proto-fascistic and charismatic militarism.
Sunlight exposure increases vitamin D sufficiency in growing pigs fed a diet formulated to exceed requirements.

Traditional confinement practices limit exposure to sunlight and vitamin D synthesis, and vitamin insufficiency occurs even with dietary supplementation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of limited sun exposure on serum concentration of vitamin D and the expression of vitamin D synthesizing enzymes in the liver and kidney of pigs on a vitamin D sufficient diet. White-pigmented grower pigs (29.7 ± 2.3 kg) fed 15% CP diet ad libitum providing >1,200 IU vitamin D3/kg of feed were exposed to sunlight for 1 h each day at solar noon for 14 d at the spring equinox (March pigs, n = 10) or summer solstice (June pigs, n = 5) and again before slaughter in June (March pigs) and September (June pigs). Blood for the analysis of 25(OH)D was collected before and after sunlight exposure. Traditionally housed pigs served as controls. After initial sun exposure, blood samples were collected from June pigs daily for 5 d and weekly for 8 wk to determine vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D decay, respectively. Kidney and liver samples were collected from the June pigs at slaughter after sun exposure for analysis of messenger RNA expression of vitamin D binding protein and synthesizing/degrading enzymes. Average daily gain (ADG) was not influenced (P > 0.5) by sunlight exposure. June pigs had fewer days on feed, lower (P = 0.003) ADG and were slaughtered at a lighter (P < 0.001) weight. Exposure to sunlight increased (P < 0.001) 25(OH) vitamin D for all pigs. March pigs, obtained from a Midwest producer, had lower (P < 0.001) concentration of 25(OH)D than June pigs born on-farm. Initial sunlight exposure increased serum concentration of 25(OH)D in March pigs by 200% and June pigs by 67%. Serum concentration of vitamin D3 was decreased (P < 0.05) by 72 h with 25(OH)D decreased (P < 0.05) by wk 4 after exposure. Expression of vitamin D binding protein, vitamin D synthesizing CYP2R1, CYP27A1, CYP2D25, or degrading enzyme CYP24A1 were not influenced (P ≥ 0.19) by sunlight exposure. Expression of CYP27B1 was decreased (P = 0.04) in the kidney but tended to be increased (P = 0.06) in the liver after sun exposure. These results suggest limited sun exposure can efficiently increase serum concentration of vitamin D in growing pigs with varying levels of vitamin sufficiency. The lack of major changes in vitamin synthesizing enzymes suggests the 14-d exposure period did not saturate the capacity of slaughter-weight pigs to synthesize vitamin D.
The Lysine Acetyltransferases in Cardiovascular Disease

The lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) are enzymes that catalyze the reversible acetylation of lysine residues within histones, transcription factors, and other proteins. These dynamic and signal-responsive enzymes allow a single pool of nuclear DNA to be interpreted in multiple ways, to create many different cell types, and to carry out a broad range of specialized cell functions. KATs play a particularly important role in adapting the long-lived cells of the cardiovascular system to environmental challenges and changing metabolic states. This chapter will provide an overview of the major classes of mammalian KATs: GNAT, p300/CBP, MYST, and the nuclear receptor coactivators, including CLOCK. Several additional KATs that to date have not been structurally analyzed will also be considered. Special attention will be paid to the role of the KATs in human genetic disorders and in processes important to cardiac and vascular biology.
Solar and Stellar Winds

This review discusses winds from stars with hot outer atmospheres, stars with coronae similar to the sun. It illustrates how solar observations can be used to test a theoretical model for solar-stellar winds, and thereby provide some insights concerning applications to studying winds from stars other than the sun.
Medical Student Journals: Teaching The Peer-Review Process and Promoting Academic Mentorship

Early exposure to research and longitudinal academic mentorship encourages medical student interest in academic careers and postgraduate research productivity. There are various ways for students to gain exposure to research in medical school; however, there are very few opportunities for medical students to participate in the peer-review process as a reviewer or editor for an academic journal. One potential method to supply such educational experiences is the creation of scientific journals specifically for medical students. Medical student research journals provide a platform for students to develop a scholarly voice as authors, reviewers, and editors. As the corresponding author of their own work, student authors learn to communicate professionally to address reviewer concerns. As peer-reviewers in training, students learn to analyze manuscripts for quality and document their concerns in a cohesive manner under the supervision of a faculty advisor. The authors elected to model the reviewer and editor education process in the spirit of traditional medical education, with student reviewers and editors "presenting" their assessments to the "attending" faculty advisor to obtain feedback on performance. Student journals have the potential to bolster critical thinking and communication skills, provide longitudinal faculty mentorship opportunities, and promote interest in physician-scientist and academic medical careers.
Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system.

Abstract Forest-water reuse systems infiltrate municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters through forest soils to shallow aquifers that ultimately discharge to surface waters. Their ability to mitigate regulated nutrients, metals, and organic chemicals is well known, but the fate of non-regulated chemicals in these systems is largely unstudied. This study quantified 33 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in soils, groundwaters, and surface waters in a 2000-hectare forest that receives ~ 1200 mm/year of secondary-treated, municipal wastewater in addition to natural rainfall (~ 1300 mm/year). This forest-water reuse system does contribute PPCPs to soils, groundwater, and surface waters. PPCPs were more abundant in soils versus underlying groundwater by an order of magnitude (5–10 ng/g summed PPCPs in soil and 50–100 ng/L in groundwater) and the more hydrophobic chemicals were predominant in soil over water. PPCP concentrations in surface waters were greater at the onset of significant storm events and during low-rainfall periods when total summed PPCPs were > 80 ng/L, higher than the annual average. With few exceptions, the margins of exposure for PPCPs in groundwater and surface waters were several orders of magnitude above values indicative of human health risk.
"Maybe That Concept Is Still with Us": Adolescents' Racialized and Classed Perceptions of Teachers' Expectations.

Teacher expectations for student behavior and academic performance have a lasting effect on student academic achievement—not only in the immediate school year, but also many years later. Yet, we kn...
Structured data extraction from emails

Structured data, typically, is predefined data. Semi-structured and unstructured data are not predefined data that includes documents, emails, social media posts, images, videos, etc. In this research, a novel process is presented to extract structured data from emails about a domain such as on a project or product. This process consists of three phases: data cleaning, data extraction, and data consolidation. Data cleaning is done by validating the format for each email. Data extraction consists of keyword extraction, sentiment analysis, regular expression, entity extraction and summary extraction. Data consolidation is used to combine the extracted data to obtain structured data from emails. This will make the knowledge extraction process easy to manage and analyze. In large industries, it is better to consolidate all the emails regarding a project/product as one document using this process for later use. This solution will facilitate better decision-making.
Reflections to move forward: Where destination crisis management research needs to go

Abstract The frequency and fury of crises have flourished over the past decade. Globally, we are faced with more crises and disasters that ever before. The need for quality academic research is at an all-time high. More scholarly approaches to problems, greater theoretical foundations for studies, fewer case studies, more longitudinal research, and more comparative studies will help advance the destination crisis management scholarship while, at the same time, aiding the industry to mitigate crises both prior to as well as during times of need.
Rectal Culture and Sensitivity Analysis for Reducing Sepsis Risk After Fiducial Marker Placement.

Purpose:Placement of fiducial markers for prostate radiotherapy (RT) is associated with a 2% to 3% risk of bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) that may progress to sepsis necessitating hospitalization. These bacterial UTIs are primarily due to flouroquinolone (FQ) resistant Escherichia coli (E.
Urban Climate Adaptation

Cities around the world are engaged in efforts to adapt to climate change and improve resilience through uncertainty planning and precautionary action. Water-related concerns include sea level rise, storm surges, effects of flooding on infrastructure, and the availability of water resources. Cities have emerged as the global focus for climate adaptation efforts because they have been able to capitalize on strategic leadership and tap into problems that local residents deem important to them and their lives. In addition, cities provide a layer of governance that coordinates planning and decision-making. Water’s links to energy, land, and food resources mean that water shocks will appear in a variety of forms. Benefits to the water sector have spillover effects on energy security.
Neuroprotection for traumatic brain injury.

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite extensive preclinical research supporting the effectiveness of neuroprotective therapies for brain trauma, there have been no successful randomized controlled clinical trials to date. TBI results in delayed secondary tissue injury due to neurochemical, metabolic and cellular changes; modulating such effects has provided the basis for neuroprotective interventions. To establish more effective neuroprotective treatments for TBI it is essential to better understand the complex cellular and molecular events that contribute to secondary injury. Here we critically review relevant research related to causes and modulation of delayed tissue damage, with particular emphasis on cell death mechanisms and post-traumatic neuroinflammation. We discuss the concept of utilizing multipotential drugs that target multiple secondary injury pathways, rather than more specific “laser”-targeted strategies that have uniformly failed in clinical trials. Moreover, we assess data supporting use of neuroprotective drugs that are currently being evaluated in human clinical trials for TBI, as well as promising emerging experimental multipotential drug treatment strategies. Finally, we describe key challenges and provide suggestions to improve the likelihood of successful clinical translation.
Degenerate and Nondegenerate States in Jahn-Teller Problems

A general discussion of the role of degeneracy in the Jahn-Teller effect (JTE) theory is discussed. The latest developments of the theory in combination with electronic structure calculations show that the pseudo JTE, which is based on vibronic coupling between two or more nondegenerate electronic states, does not require the energy gap Δ between them to be small. Large vibronic effects are possible for any Δ value, and the coupling to excited states is the only source of instability of the ground state. This allows for a more general formulation of the theorem of vibronic coupling effects, which makes the theory applicable to any polyatomic system. For ground vibronic energy levels, recent achievements show that they may be nondegenerate too. Degeneracy is thus not an inalienable attribute to polyatomic systems with strong vibronic coupling effects.
Crystal Growth Kinetics in Binary Borate Melts

The rate of crystal growth from undercooled melts depends upon a number of factors: (1) the magnitude of the free energy difference between the melt and crystal, (2) the concentration of sites suitable for molecular attachment at the crystal surface, (3) the rate at which growth units can be transported across the melt-crystal interface, (4) possible orientation requirements at the melt-crystal interface, and (5) the availability of crystallizable species at the interface.
Multiple myeloma in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1945-1964.

All cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed in bona fide residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, during the years 1945 through 1964 were identified and reviewed. Pathologic material was available for reconfirmation of the diagnosis in 33 of the 35 cases reported. In the remaining two cases the diagnosis was based on roentgenologic findings and protein abnormalities as well as a typical clinical picture. The incidence rate for males was 1.9 times that for females. During the 20 year period covered in this study the average annual incidence rate in the total population has remained about 3/100,000 and when computed for persons 30 years of age and over, it is 6.3/100,000. Incidence figures by place of residence did not reveal a significant difference in the urban-rural rates. Myeloma was listed as a cause of death in 74 per cent of the death certificates. The mean survival time from onset in all cases was about 2 years, with a median survival of approximately 1 year. The age-specific rate increased with age, the highest rates being among male residents 80 years of age and older.