cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Alegoría de la clase media "real" española en 'Muchos hijos, un mono y un castillo'

Muchos hijos, un mono y un castillo (Salmeron, 2017) es un documental que narra la historia de la vida de su protagonista, Julita, vis a vis la historia de Espana desde la guerra civil hasta la mas reciente crisis economica. La primera aparece en la cinta, ademas de como madre del director, como alegoria inusual de Espana en su personificacion de la clase media “real” espanola. En este articulo se analiza como Muchos hijos logra visualizar fidedignamente no solo los excesos, sino tambien las ambiguedades que caracterizan a este sujeto clave en la historia mas reciente del pais en el ambito material e ideologico. Atendiendo al formato multi-generico de la cinta, se estudian las maneras en que los elementos comicos, tragicos y performativos del documental situan a este entre lo carnavalesco y lo critico humoristico, mientras desvelan las contradicciones muchas veces pasadas por alto, pero fundamentales para entender a la clase que se ha instaurado en el imaginario hegemonico como protagonista de la democracia espanola.
‘Dover Beach’ and the uncertain afterlife of Victorian environments

Ian McEwan was among the writers, historians, and philosophers from twenty-one countries who signed a letter published last year in papers across Europe that warned of the rising tide of anti-liber...
Abstract B09: Structural biology of the PI3K pathway: On with phosphorylation, down with ubiquitination

The regulation of the PI3K pathway is central to cell growth and is deregulated in diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. We are using biochemistry, structural biology, and chemical biology to probe the activation and inhibition mechanisms of the nodes of the pathway PI3Ka, AKT and PTEN. We have determined the roles of Lys776, His 936 and His 917 in the lipid and protein activity of PI3Ka. While H936A inactivates the lipid kinase activity without affecting auto-phosphorylation, H197 abolishes both the lipid and protein kinase activities of PI3Ka. The signature aspect of the Ser/Thr protein kinase Akt9s regulation involves its C-terminal phosphorylation, classically understood to be the mTORC2-mediated phosphorylation of Ser473, which converts the Akt kinase into its active conformation. Using a multi-technique approach we determined that pS473-Akt activation is driven by an intramolecular interaction between the C-tail and the PH-domain linker to relieve autoinhibition. In contrast, the activating pSer477/pThr479 modifications of Akt have a different mechanism in which the relief from autoinhibition is by binding to the activation loop. All three nodes are regulated by NEDD4-family of ligases. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Sandra Gabelli. Structural biology of the PI3K pathway: On with phosphorylation, down with ubiquitination [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting PI3K/mTOR Signaling; 2018 Nov 30-Dec 8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(10_Suppl):Abstract nr B09.
Confronting medication scarcity in the era of COVID-19

Over the past decade, US patients and clinicians have endured medication shortages of nearly every class, including many lifesaving medications. These shortages have persisted despite determined ef...
Hearing, Seeing, Smelling, Tasting and Touching the Voice: Gender and Multimodal Visions in the Lives of Thomas of Cantimpré

Modern psychology defines an auditory verbal hallucination that incorporates other bodily senses as a ‘fused hallucination’. Fused hallucinations are relatively infrequent in modern Western experience. In contrast, medieval accounts of voice-hearing that are religious in nature are often fused or multimodal and frequently involve the visual as well as the tactile, olfactory and gustatory senses. This essay explores the nature of unimodal and multimodal visions in the later Middle Ages, with a focus on the thirteenth-century saints’ lives of Thomas of Cantimpre. It argues that in terms of unimodal visionary experiences in the Lives, those involving the sense of vision were more common than auditions, but on the whole multimodal experiences were reported and recorded far more frequently. The frequency and intensity of multimodal visions suggest that both men and women were expected and encouraged to have multisensory experiences of the divine that supported and promoted their exemplary speech. Both men and women were corporeally inclined in their visionary experiences, and these sensorial experiences of the divine were promoted as the basis of their exemplary speech.
C. elegans as a model to study glial development

Glia make up roughly half of all cells in the mammalian nervous system and play a major part in nervous system development, function, and disease. Although research in the past few decades has shed light on their morphological and functional diversity, there is still much to be known about key aspects of their development such as the generation of glial diversity and the factors governing proper morphogenesis. Glia of the nematode C. elegans possess many developmental and morphological similarities with their vertebrate counterparts and can potentially be used as a model to understand certain aspects of glial biology owing to advantages such as its genetic tractability and fully mapped cell lineage. In this review, we summarize recent progress in our understanding of genetic pathways that regulate glial development in C. elegans and discuss how some of these findings may be conserved.
Automated reasoning of learners’ cognitive states using classification analysis

Current advancements in learning technology necessitate the development of personalized software for the students, respecting their cognitive states. In the light of these novel approaches in digital education, this paper presents a framework for the automated reasoning of the students’ cognitive states and function. The cognitive states are depicted using the Revised Bloom Taxonomy, representing a continuum of increasing cognitive complexity. Moreover, the automatic reasoning is achieved using classification analysis and more specifically the k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm, which takes as input personal and cognitive students’ characteristics. As such, each new student is classified in the appropriate level of the taxonomy. To this end, a more personalized learning experience is offered to them and a student-centered learning environment in created based on the distinct pace of instruction that each student wants to receive. The presented approach has been incorporated in a learning technology system for teaching computer programming and was evaluated with promising results.
Analysis of the impact of a microgrid on the reliability of the power system

The paper presents an analysis of the structure of installed capacity and the role of small and micro hydroelectric power plants in covering electrical loads and the stability of the power system. As part of the study of the structure of production and installed power, an analysis of the state of micro-, small hydropower has been carried out taking into account their technical characteristics and parameters and the potential of electric power generation by such hydroelectric power stations has been evaluated. The operation shows the possibility of covering electrical loads in peak operation modes. Obtained results of analysis can be used in development of models and methods of estimation of reliability and efficiency of generating facilities, creation of digital systems on the basis of continuous accounting and analysis of data on technical condition of power equipment and parameters of electric power generation.
STOCHASTICITY AND COOPERATIVE HUNTING IN PREDATOR–PREY INTERACTIONS

We derive models of stochastic differential equations describing predator–prey interactions with cooperative hunting in predators based on a deterministic system proposed by Alves and Hilker. The d...
Hamilton, Pleasure and Politics at the Court of France (Harvey Miller Publishers, 2019)

Review of Tracy Chapman Hamilton, Pleasure and Politics at the Court of France: The Artistic Patronage of Queen Marie of Brabant (Turnhout: Harvey Miller Publishers, 2019).
Economics at the frontline: Tools and tips for busy clinicians.

Abstract Frontline providers of neonatal care have a moral imperative to enhance value and inform senior administrators of how to most efficiently spend healthcare dollars. This article argues that the frontline is the ideal setting to pursue these efforts, offers recommendations for how to measure value, and describes five simple yet effective concrete tools that can improve value. It concludes with tips on advancing a value-added agenda through the Model for Improvement and advice for teams on ways of approaching senior leaders to help align unit-level aims with system-level goals and mission. Armed with these instruments, multidisciplinary teams can help ensure that neonatal care remains at the forefront of high-value healthcare.
COVID-19 Employee Health Checks, Remote Work, and Disability Law

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities, about 61 million individuals in the U.S. The law’s protections in the workplace are especially important during COVID-19, which has worsened pre-existing disparities experienced by people with disabilities. The ADA also applies to new strategies to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection in the workplace. This Chapter will focus on two strategies that impact individuals with and without disabilities – employee health screening, testing and vaccination policies, and new or expanded remote work programs.
What is known about human milk bank donors around the world: a systematic scoping review.

OBJECTIVE The WHO recommends that low birth weight infants receive donor human milk (DHM) when mother's milk is not available. Systematic reviews have been published regarding clinical outcomes of infants receiving DHM, as well as the impact of pasteurisation on the composition of DHM; however, information about milk bank donors has not been systematically assessed. DESIGN We conducted a systematic scoping review of original research articles about milk bank donors published before August 2020. SETTING Globally. PARTICIPANTS Donors to milk banks. RESULTS A total of twenty-eight studies were included across a variety of geographies: the USA (n 8), Brazil (n 7), Spain (n 4), India (n 2), and single studies in France, Norway, Poland, Italy, Taiwan, Korea and China. Study variables were grouped into six main categories: Donor Demographics (n 19), Clinical Characteristics (n 20), Donor Experiences (n 16), Donation Patterns (n 16), Lifestyle Characteristics (n 4) and Lactation/Breast-feeding History (n 8). Some demographic characteristics were commonly reported across regions, while other, including gender and race, were infrequently explored. Factors that might influence the composition of DHM, including birth timing (term or pre-term), milk type (colostrum, transition or mature) and maternal diet were not regularly studied. Other gaps in the literature included (1) donors' motivations and barriers to donation, (2) lactation and breast-feeding history, including factors that influence donors to pump and amass surplus milk, and (3) donation patterns, including whether donors are also selling milk to corporations or sharing milk with peers. CONCLUSION What is known about milk bank donors in different geographies is often limited to a single study, with heterogeneity in the variables reported.
An analysis of mutual fund design: the case of investing in small-cap stocks11I have benefited from generous access to the portfolio managers and trade room personnel at Dimensional Fund Advisors. Thanks also to Marshall Blume, David Booth, Truman Clark, Gene Fama, Gene Fama, Jr., Ken French, Ananth Madhavan, David Musto, Jay Ritter, Rex Sinquefield, and Mitchell Petersen (the referee) for helpful comments and discussions.

Abstract In 1982, Dimensional Fund Advisors launched a mutual fund intended to capture the returns of small-cap stocks. The ‘9–10 Fund’ is based on the CRSP 9–10 Index, an index of small-cap stocks constituting the ninth and tenth deciles of NYSE market capitalization, although the 9–10 Fund incorporates investment rules and a trading strategy that are aimed at minimizing the potentially excessive trade costs associated with such illiquid stocks. As a result, the 9–10 Fund provided a 2.2% annual premium over the 9–10 Index for the 1982–1995 period. We show that both the investment rules and the trade strategy components of the Fund’s design contribute significantly to this return difference.
Self-Defense, Moral Acceptability, and Compensation

This paper is a response to Reid Fontaine's Attack on Self-Defense, published in ACLR. I argue against his hybrid theory of self-defense, and argue generally for a subjective view of self-defense. I also argue that what distinguishes the justification of actual self-defense from the justification of mistaken self-defense is - or, rather, should be - the requirement of compensation in the latter case.
Back to basics - again - for domain-specific retrieval

In this paper we will describe Berkeley's approach to the Domain-Specific (DS) track for CLEF 2008. Last year we used Entry Vocabulary Indexes and Thesaurus expansion approaches for DS, but found in later testing that some simple text retrieval approaches had better results than these more complex query expansion approaches. This year we decided to revisit our basic text retrieval approaches and see how they would stack up against the various expansion approaches used by other groups. The results are now in and the answer is clear, they perform pretty badly compared to other groups' approaches. All of the runs submitted were performed using the Cheshire II system. This year the Berkeley/Cheshire group submitted a total of twenty-four runs, including two for each subtask of the DS track. These include six Monolingual runs for English, German, and Russian, twelve Bilingual runs (four X2EN, four X2DE, and four X2RU), and six Multilingual runs (two EN, two DE, and two RU). The overall results include Cheshire runs in the top five participants for each task, but usually as the lowest of the five (and often fewer) groups.
Blood Group Antigenicity of Purified Human Intestinal Disaccharidases

Abstract 1. Human intestinal maltase and sucrase contain 30 to 40% carbohydrate by weight and are resistant to proteolytic digestion by papain. The major carbohydrates associated with these enzymes are fucose, galactose, and hexosamines. 2. The purified disaccharidases demonstrate blood group antigenicity of great potency, as little as 8 x 10-9 to 1.5 x 10-7 m inhibiting red cell agglutination. 3. The blood group reactivity is not the result of contamination by blood group substance because: (a) type specific antibody causes a shift of enzyme activity on sucrose gradients; (b) antibody changes the Rf of the enzyme band on acrylamide electrophoresis; and (c) enzyme activity is selectively retained by type-specific antibody bound to Sepharose. 4. Rat intestinal disaccharidases contain 15 to 20% carbohydrate and do not have blood group reactivity, yet are papain-resistant. 5. Alkali treatment in the presence of sodium borohydride produces heterogeneous protein fragments without carbohydrate (18,000 to 25,000 mol wt) and a carbohydrate fragment with a molecular weight of about 1,800. 6. We conclude that human intestinal disaccharidases are glycoproteins and that blood group reactivity is contained in the oligosaccharide side chain covalently linked to the enzyme. This is the first demonstration of blood group antigenicity associated with a functioning protein molecule. The disaccharidases may account for some of the insoluble blood group reactivity found in intestinal tissue.
Self-assembly of [UO 2 X 4 ] 2− (X=Cl, Br) dianions with γ substituted pyridinium cations: Structural systematics and fluorescence properties

Abstract Room temperature self-assembly of [UO2X4]2− (X=Cl, Br) with γ substituted pyridinium cations has resulted in the formation of twelve compounds that were studied via single crystal X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectroscopy. Systematic variation of electron donating groups on the pyridinium species is shown to influence the presence and/or strength of various supramolecular synthons, including hydrogen bonding and pi interactions. Combinations of such non-covalent interactions (NCIs) have given rise to a range of supramolecular assemblies, and are shown to influence uranyl emission by way of second sphere coordination to equatorial ligands.
Pulsed‐Potential Oxidation of Methanol I . Smooth Platinum Electrode with and without Tin Surface Modification

During the electrooxidation of methanol on platinum, an adsorbate poison forms which results in the rapid decay of the initially high current. The poison may be oxidatively removed to regenerate an active Pt surface, but only at a high anodic polarization at which a methanol fuel cell may not produce power. In this paper, an alternative strategy to steady-state (DC) operation is studied as a means of improving the average methanol oxidation rate on a smooth Pt electrode
What is the significance of an isolated positive cryptococcal antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid of cancer patients

Summary We evaluated the significance of an isolated positive cryptococcal antigen titer in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 12 cancer patients. In most of the cases, the test had a low titer, was frequently associated with an intracranial malignancy and was considered to represent a false-positive result. Hence, an isolated cryptococcal antigen in the CSF has an unclear clinical value and must be interpreted with caution. Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Bedeutung eines positiven Einzelbefundes im Cryptococcus-Antigennachweis aus dem Liquor von 12 Krebspatienten bewertet. In den meisten Fallen fiel der Test niedrig im Titer aus, war haufig mit einem interkranialen malignen Prozess assoziiert und wurde als falsch-positives Ergebnis eingeschatzt. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, dass ein Cryptococcus-Antigen-Einzelnachweis aus Liquor unklar im klinischen Wert ist und mit Vorsicht interpretiert werden muss.
Deadlock, a novel protein of Drosophila, is required for germline maintenance, fusome morphogenesis and axial patterning in oogenesis and associates with centrosomes in the early embryo.

The deadlock gene is required for a number of key developmental events in Drosophila oogenesis. Females homozygous for mutations in the deadlock gene lay few eggs and those exhibit severe patterning defects along both the anterior–posterior and dorsal–ventral axis. In this study, we analyzed eggs and ovaries from deadlock mutants and determined that deadlock is required for germline maintenance, stability of mitotic spindles, localization of patterning determinants, oocyte growth and fusome biogenesis in males and females. Deadlock encodes a novel protein which colocalizes with the oocyte nucleus at midstages of oogenesis and with the centrosomes of early embryos. Our genetic and immunohistological experiments point to a role for Deadlock in microtubule function during oogenesis.
Ca2+Signaling by Cholinergic and α1-Adrenergic Agonists Is Up-Regulated in Lacrimal and Submandibular Glands in a Murine Model of Sjögren's Syndrome☆☆☆

Innervation of the lacrimal gland of MRL/Mp-Fas-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr), a murine model for Sjogren's syndrome, is unaltered with the onset or progression of the lymphocytic infiltration. To determine whether lacrimal and submandibular gland cells are able to respond to external stimuli, acini were prepared from MRL/lpr (diseased) and MRL/Mp-+/+ (MRL/+, control) mice at 4, 8, and 12 weeks of age and loaded with the fluorescent dye fura-2 to monitor changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to cholinergic and alpha1-adrenergic stimulation, two major stimuli of lacrimal gland protein secretion. Cholinergic-induced [Ca2+]i increase was up-regulated 3- and 4-fold in lacrimal gland acini isolated from 8- and 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice, respectively, compared to 4-week-old animals, but was not up-regulated in age-matched MRL/+ control mice. Similarly, alpha1-adrenergic-induced [Ca2+]i increase was up-regulated 7- and 12-fold in acini isolated from 8- and 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice, respectively, compared to 4-week-old animals, but was not up-regulated in MRL/+ mice. Cholinergic-induced [Ca2+]i increase in submandibular gland acini of MRL/lpr and MRL/+ mice was the same at all ages. In contrast, alpha1-adrenergic-induced [Ca2+]i increase was up-regulated 3-fold in acini from 12-week-old MRL/lpr mice, compared to 4-week-old mice, but was not up-regulated in age-matched MRL/+ mice. We conclude that the Ca2+ signaling portion of cholinergic and alpha1-adrenergic pathway in the lacrimal gland and the Ca2+ signaling portion of alpha1-adrenergic pathway in the submandibular gland is up-regulated with the onset and progression of the lymphocytic infiltration in the MRL/lpr murine model of Sjogren's syndrome.
Vortex bursting with combustion

Abstract Wind tunnel experiments were performed on a delta-shaped flame stabilizer where propane was injected spanwise from slots on the upper side of the delta. The fuel and air were mixed during the same process which forms the leading edge vortices. Subsequent vortex bursting stabilized the flame. Three modes of combustion were observed; two modes involved vortex bursting, while the third mode was stabilized by the separated flow from the blunt trailing edge. The angle of attack determined which mode of combustion occurred. A new mode of vortex bursting which does not occur in cold flows was observed at 20° angle of attack. It had a small axisymmetric breakdown bubble but no evidence of a following spiral breakdown. The bursting structure of the modes which occurred above 20° angle of attack was similar to that observed in flows without combustion. They varied continuously from the spiral breakdown to the axisymmetric breakdown as angle of attack changed. This mode was insensitive to small changes in yaw. Increasing the fuel flow rate eventually caused an asymmetric flame with different modes on either side of the delta. The article gives phase diagrams which show the conditions of the free stream speed, fuel flow rate, and angle of attack for each combustion mode.
An automatic 3D mesh generation method for domains with multiple materials

This paper describes an automatic and efficient approach to construct unstructured tetrahedral and hexahedral meshes for a composite domain made up of heterogeneous materials. The boundaries of these material regions form non-manifold surfaces. In earlier papers, we developed an octree-based isocontouring method to construct unstructured 3D meshes for a single-material (homogeneous) domain with manifold boundary. In this paper, we introduce the notion of a material change edge and use it to identify the interface between two or several different materials. A novel method to calculate the minimizer point for a cell shared by more than two materials is provided, which forms a non-manifold node on the boundary. We then mesh all the material regions simultaneously and automatically while conforming to their boundaries directly from volumetric data. Both material change edges and interior edges are analyzed to construct tetrahedral meshes, and interior grid points are analyzed for proper hexahedral mesh construction. Finally, edge-contraction and smoothing methods are used to improve the quality of tetrahedral meshes, and a combination of pillowing, geometric flow and optimization techniques is used for hexahedral mesh quality improvement. The shrink set of pillowing schemes is defined automatically as the boundary of each material region. Several application results of our multi-material mesh generation method are also provided.
A framework for hardware-software tradeoffs in the design of fault-tolerant computers

The theory of fault-tolerant computer design has developed rapidly. Several techniques using hardware or software have been suggested. A student is often faced with the problem of developing a common perspective for a variety of methods. In this paper we attempt to develop a simple framework within which different methods can be compared. We use a set of very elementary indices to construct the framework. The indices are quite crude and our framework is somewhat ad hoc. Though a unified theory would be extremely useful we have not attempted to develop one here. Our discussion is a first pass at identifying some goals of reliable design and an attempt at quantifying some parameters. We discuss only a very small set of the techniques that have been proposed for fault-tolerant computers. Methods for constructing relevant indices for these techniques are presented. We feel that these indices are relevant for most reliability techniques.
Synthesis and characterization of 0.3 Vf TiC–Ti3SiC2 and 0.3 Vf SiC–Ti3SiC2 composites

Abstract In this work, two composite compositions—one with 30% (v/v) SiC, the other with 30% (v/v) TiC, balance Ti 3 SiC 2 —were synthesized and characterized. Fully dense samples were fabricated by hot isostatically pressing Ti, SiC and C powders for 8 h at 1500 or 1600 °C and a pressure of 200 MPa. Both TiC and SiC lower grain boundary mobility in Ti 3 SiC 2 . Coarsening of the SiC particles was also observed. At comparable grain sizes, all composites tested were weaker in flexure than the unreinforced Ti 3 SiC 2 matrix, with the reduction in strength being the worst for the SiC composites. This reduction in strength is most probably due to thermal expansion mismatches between the matrix and reinforcement phases. The composite samples were exceptionally damage tolerant; in one case a 100 N Vickers indentation (in a 1.5-mm thick bar) did not reduce the flexural strength as compared to an unindented or as-fabricated samples. The same is true for thermal shock resistance; quenching samples from 1400 °C in room temperature water, resulted in strength reductions that were 12% at best and 50% at worst. In the 25–1000 °C temperature range, the thermal expansion coefficients of the two composites were indistinguishable at 8.2×10 −6 K −1 . The Vickers hardness values depended on load; at 100 N, the hardnesses were ≈15 GPa; at 300 N, they asymptote to 7–8 GPa. For the most part, very few cracks emanate from the corners of the Vickers indents even at loads as high as 500 N. In the few cases where cracks did initiate, fracture toughness values were crudely estimated to lie in the 5–7.5 MPa √m range.
Cadaveric Evaluation of Soft-Tissue Constraint in the Human Knee

The motion patterns of the human knee joint depend on its passive motion characteristics, which are described by the ligamentous and articular constraints. Since active motions, like walking and squatting are believe to fall within a passive envelope, the basis for the understanding of the knee joint kinematics lies in the description of its passive characteristics.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Cooperative Asymmetric Catalysis with Dimeric Salen Complexes

Cooperative reactivity between multiple metal centers is commonly postulated for enzymatic systems1 and has evolved into an intriguing design principle for synthetic catalysts.2 We reported recently that the asymmetric ring opening (ARO) of meso epoxides with TMS-N3 catalyzed by (salen)Cr complex 13 displays a second-order kinetic dependence on catalyst.4 This observation led to a mechanistic proposal for the ARO involving simultaneous activation of epoxide and azide by two different catalyst molecules (Figure 1). We have undertaken the design of catalysts that enforce this cooperative mechanism through the construction of covalently linked dimeric complexes, and we describe here the synthesis and successful application of such systems as highly enantioselective and efficient ARO catalysts. Kinetic and enantioselectivity data provide unambiguous evidence for a mechanism involving cooperative, intramolecular bimetallic catalysis.
Synthesis and characterization of a series of ruthenium(II) complexes with a tetraazapolyaromatic tridentate ligand dipyrido (2,3-a:3′,2′-j)phenazine

Abstract A series of new mer -[Ru(dpop′)(N–N)Cl](PF 6 ) (N–N = 2,2-bipyrimidine (bpy); 1,10-phenanthroline (phen); 2,2′-bipyrimidine (bpm) and ethylenediamine (en)) complexes was prepared and the effect of N–N on physical properties of the complexes compared. The Ru dπ → dpop′ π ∗ MLCT transition dominates the lower energy visible spectrum and increases in energy as N–N varies en ∗ and intraligand π → π ∗ transitions are observed at higher energy. Cyclic voltammetry results show increasingly stabilized Ru(II) dπ orbitals in the order of N–N variation en ∗ backbonding ligand. Spectro-electrochemical data show reversible one electron oxidative and reductive processes for all mer -[Ru(dpop′)(N–N)Cl] + complexes except N–N = en. 1 H; 13 C and 2-D NMR data in CH 3 CN presented support the proposed structures. 1 H NMR data was also used to verify the Cl − substitution in D 2 O. Aquation yields the mer -[Ru(dpop′)(N–N)(H 2 O)] +2 complexes with pseudo first order kinetics and the lability of Cl − follows a trend with the N–N group bpm
Studies on liver phosphatidyl cholines: I. Effects of fatty liver induction on phosphatidyl cholines from liver mitochondria and microsomes.

Protein, total phospholipid, phosphatidyl cholines and phosphatidyl choline fractions from liver mitochondria and microsomes of female rats were analyzed after treatment with CCl4 (0.3 ml of CCl4 suspended in corn oil) or ethionine (50 mg in 0.9% saline) or after feeding a choline deficient, low protein diet for seven days. Phosphatidyl cholines were separated into four fractions differing in the degree of fatty acid unsaturation. Over 50% of total phosphatidyl choline phosphorus was present in fraction 3 of liver mitochondria and microsomes. The major fatty acid in fraction 1 was docosahexaenoic acid. Fraction 4 contains oleic and linoleic acids. Arachidonic acid occurs in fraction 2 and 3. Ethionine decreased the amount of microsomal protein and phosphatidyl choline fraction 1 of mitochondria. Microsomal protein was decreased by CCl4. The choline deficient, low protein diet caused a decrease in mitochondrial and microsomal phospholipids. The amount of the mitochondrial phosphatidyl choline decreased. Corn oil increased the level of phosphatidyl choline fraction 3. Choline deficiency decreased the amount of phosphatidyl choline fraction 3, increased fraction 4 of mitochondria and microsomes and increased fraction 1 of microsomes.
The Effects of Integrated Language-Based Instruction in Elementary ESL Learning

The purpose of this research study is to compare the effectiveness of 2 different instructional approaches to language instruction—integrated (oral plus written) versus oral-only instruction—in developing oral language skills of young students learning English as a second language (ESL). Drawing upon 2 competing research perspectives on young ESL children's English language learning, this study examined the question “Does integrated, language-based intervention lead to greater gains in the oral language development of focus ESL students than oral language-based intervention?” The study participants were 2 beginning ESL students—one from Korea (Yun) and one from China (Yang)—enrolled in kindergarten in a multicultural school in a Midwestern state (student names are pseudonyms). Results from the 2 focus students' performances on multiple oral language assessment measures showed that integrated, language-based intervention led to greater gains in the focus students' oral language development than did an exclusively oral language-based intervention. Thus, the key instructional issue is not whether literacy should be used for beginning ESL students, but rather in what ways is literacy most effective in supporting ESL students' language and cognitive development.
Miocene lorisid primates from the Pakistan Siwaliks

In 1975–79, joint expeditions from Yale University and the Geological Survey of Pakistan (YGSP) recovered fossil lorisids in the Siwalik Group of Pakistan from four localities, spanning a period before 10 Myr ago to about 7 Myr ago1,2. In three of the localities, only isolated teeth or fragments were found, whereas the fourth and youngest locality yielded dental, cranial and some postcranial remains of a single individual described here as a new genus and species. These specimens are the first fossil lorisids known from outside East Africa, and include the only recovered postcranial remains from slow-moving arboreal lorisines. The findings indicate that significant tracts of forests in the Siwalik environmental mosaic may have been utilized by hominoid primates, notably Ramapithecus.
Catecholamines in larvae and juveniles of the prosobranch gastropod, Crepidula fornicata.

We investigated roles of catecholamines in metamorphosis of the prosobranch gastropod, Crepidula fornicata. Levels of DOPA, norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in competent larvae and juvenile siblings that metamorphosed in response to the natural adult-derived cue or to elevated K+. Competent larvae contained 1.58±0.26 (S.E.M.)×10−2 pmol DOPA, 0.91±0.45×10−2 pmol NE, and 0.290±0.087 pmol DA (mean values per μg total protein, n=4 batches of larvae). Levels of DA per individual were not different between larvae and juvenile siblings; levels of NE were higher in juveniles. The tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) inhibitor α-methyl-dl-m-tyrosine (α-MMT) depleted DOPA and DA to approximately half of control values without affecting levels of NE. Depletion of DOPA and DA was accompanied by inhibition of metamorphosis in response to the natural cue but not to elevated K+. The dopamine-β-hydroxylase inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) induced high frequencies of metamorphosis at concentrations of 0.1–10 μM. In juveniles induced by 10 μM DDTC, levels of both NE and DA averaged ∼80% of those in control larvae. Catecholamines may function as endogenous regulators of metamorphosis in C. fornicata.
Do interhelical side chain-backbone hydrogen bonds participate in formation of leucine zipper coiled coils?

Abstract The leucine zipper proteins are a group of transcriptional regulators that dimerize to form a DNA binding domain. It has been proposed that this dimerization results from the hydrophobic association of the alpha-helices of two leucine zipper monomers into a coiled coil. We propose a model for a coiled coil based on a periodic hydrophobic-hydrophilic amino acid motif found in the leucine zipper regions of 11 transcriptional regulatory proteins. This model predicts the symmetrical formation of secondary hydrogen bonds between the polar side chains of one helix and the peptide carbonyls of the opposite chain, supplementing the interactions between hydrophobic side chains. Physical modeling (CPK) and in vacuo molecular mechanics calculations of the stability of the GCN4 leucine zipper coiled coil configured in accordance with this model demonstrate a greater stability for this conformer than for a conformer configured according to a current hydrophobic model. Molecular dynamics simulations show similar stability of the two models in vacuo but a higher stability of the hydrophobic model in water.
Pion-nucleus interactions

Abstract A review is given of recent developments in the study of the pion-nucleus interaction. Knowledge gained from experiments concerning the reaction mechanism and the influence of the nuclear environment on the pion interaction is discussed. The similarity of the physics deduced from multiple scattering theories, isobar-hole formulations and field theory models is indicated, and the importance of multi-nucleon effects is emphasized.
Down-Regulation of the Retinoblastoma Protein (Rb) Is Associated with Rat Oligodendrocyte Differentiation

Terminal differentiation of oligodendrocytes is associated with permanent withdrawal from the cell cycle. We studied the expression of the retinoblastoma protein, expression and activity of G1 cyclins and kinases in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells cultured in vitro. We found that Rb stopped to be expressed concomitantly with the activation of CNPase in oligodendrocytes differentiated with thyroid hormone. In contrast, Rb continued to be expressed at reduced levels in oligodendrocytes that were arrested in G1 by removal of mitogens. Cyclin D1, cdk2, and cdk4 kinase activities were decreased in G1-arrested and differentiated oligodendrocytes. Cyclin E, however, continued to be expressed in G1-arrested oligodendrocytes. Inhibition of differentiation induced by mitogens in oligodendrocytes arrested in G1 by Ad-p27 was accompanied by continued expression of Rb, D1, and E cyclins. After removal of mitogens and addition of thyroid hormone, Rb stopped being expressed and CNPase expression was activated with a temporal course similar to that of oligodendrocytes infected with a control adenovirus. Our results indicate that Rb may play an important function in differentiation of oligodendrocytes in response to external mitogens and differentiation factors.
“Publics” Administration and the Ethics of Particularity

Ethical orientations that emphasize universal duties, ideals, and values are well known to public administrators. We pay attention to principle, policy, ideals, shared goals, and the provision of a variety of commonly held values, such as clean air and water, mosquito abatement, and public recreation. The word “public” often seems to be a synonym for “universal.” However, this article explores particularity in ethics, especially as it applies to the life of the public servant. It identifies three distinct orientations that focus on the concrete—as opposed to the abstract—and it shows how the exceptional cases are not administrative problems; rather they provide a reality check for public administrators who suppose rules, plans, and programs to be their primary orientation toward the management of public concerns.
On the origin of the temperature dependence of the supercoiling free energy.

Monte Carlo simulations using temperature-invariant torsional and bending rigidities fail to predict the rather steep decline of the experimental supercoiling free energy with increasing temperature, and consequently fail to predict the correct sign and magnitude of the supercoiling entropy. To illustrate this problem, values of the twist energy parameter (E(T)), which governs the supercoiling free energy, were simulated using temperature-invariant torsion and bending potentials and compared to experimental data on pBR322 over a range of temperatures. The slope, -dE(T)/dT, of the simulated values is also compared to the slope derived from previous calorimetric data. The possibility that the discrepancies arise from some hitherto undetected temperature dependence of the torsional rigidity was investigated. The torsion elastic constant of an 1876-bp restriction fragment of pBR322 was measured by time-resolved fluorescence polarization anisotropy of intercalated ethidium over the range 278–323 K, and found to decline substantially over that interval. Simulations of a 4349-bp model DNA were performed using these measured temperature-dependent torsional rigidities. The slope, -dE(T)/dT, of the simulated data agrees satisfactorily with the slope derived from previous calorimetric measurements, but still lies substantially below that of Duguet's data. Models that involve an equilibrium between different secondary structure states with different intrinsic twists and torsion constants provide the most likely explanation for the variation of the torsion constant with T and other pertinent observations.
Cholecystokinin inhibits peripheral opioid analgesia in inflamed tissue

There is abundant evidence that opioid receptors are present on peripheral terminals of primary afferent neurons. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that activation of these peripheral opioid receptors produces potent analgesia. In addition to peripheral opioid receptors, cholecystokinin receptors are present in sensory neurons. We examined the hypothesis that cholecystokinin receptors may be present on the same primary afferent neuron and that either exogenous or endogenous cholecystokinin may modulate peripheral antinociceptive effects of mu-opioid receptor agonists. Administration of cholecystokinin into inflamed paws, of the rat, but not intravenously attenuated peripheral antinociceptive effects induced by two mu-opioid receptor agonists, [D-Ala2,N-methyl-Phe4,Gly-ol5]-enkephalin and fentanyl. Only the desulphated form of cholecystokinin produced significant and dose-dependent attenuation. Cholecystokinin alone did not alter nociceptive baseline values in inflamed or non-inflamed paws. The anti-opioid effect of cholecystokinin was dose-dependently antagonized by the cholecystokininB receptor-selective antagonist L-365260, but not by the cholecystokininA receptor-selective antagonist L-364718. Local pretreatment with the protein kinase C specific inhibitor calphostin C abolished cholecystokinin's effect. Peripheral antinociceptive effects of [D-Ala2,N-methyl-Phe4,Gly-ol5]-enkephalin and fentanyl were not altered by intraplantar L-365260 alone. These results indicate that activation of peripheral cholecystokininB but not cholecystokininA receptors attenuates the local antinociceptive effects of mu-opioid receptor agonists in inflamed tissue. This anti-opioid effect may be mediated by protein kinase C in sensory nerve terminals. Endogenous cholecystokinin does not seem to influence the efficacy of peripheral opioids under both normal and inflammatory conditions.
Expression of annexins on the surfaces of non-metastatic and metastatic human and rodent tumor cells

Annexins are a large group of calcium-dependent cytoskeletal- and membrane-associated proteins whose properties include cytoskeleton and phospholipid binding and mitotic signal transduction. Although annexin-like molecules have been reported on the external plasma membranes of certain cells, in general they are considered to be cytoplasmic proteins. We report here the heterogenous expression of certain annexins (I-VI) on the external cell surfaces of non-metastatic and metastatic murine (RAW117 large-cell lymphoma), rat (13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma) and some human (KM12 and HT29 colorectal carcinoma) cell lines but not on some other cell lines such as human (A375 and McWo) and mouse (B16) melanoma. The implication of annexin cell surface expression in the metastatic process is discussed with respect to tumor cell adhesion.
Neutrino telescopes as a direct probe of supersymmetry breaking.

We consider supersymmetric models where the scale of supersymmetry breaking lies between 5 x 10{sup 6} GeV and 5 x 10{sup 8} GeV. In this class of theories, which includes models of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking, the lightest supersymmetric particle is the gravitino. The next to lightest supersymmetric particle is typically a long lived charged slepton with a lifetime between a microsecond and a second, depending on its mass. Collisions of high energy neutrinos with nucleons in the earth can result in the production of a pair of these sleptons. Their very high boost means they typically decay outside the earth. We investigate the production of these particles by the diffuse flux of high energy neutrinos, and the potential for their observation in large ice or water Cerenkov detectors. The relatively small cross-section for the production of supersymmetric particles is partially compensated for by the very long range of heavy particles. The signal in the detector consists of two parallel charged tracks emerging from the earth about 100 meters apart, with very little background. A detailed calculation using the Waxman-Bahcall limit on the neutrino flux and realistic spectra shows that km{sup 3} experiments could see as many as 4 eventsmore » a year. We conclude that neutrino telescopes will complement collider searches in the determination of the supersymmetry breaking scale, and may even give the first evidence for supersymmetry at the weak scale.« less
Menu Preferences of Dental Public Health Diplomates—A Pilot Study

Forty-six of 103 dentists responded to a survey of their preferences for fish or chicken in preparation for the 1986 Dinner Meeting of the American Board of Dental Public Health in Miami, Florida. Approximately three-fourths of the respondents (74%) requested fish (F). Analysis of preferences with regard to geographic location indicated that almost half of the respondents requesting fish were from Region IV (Southeast), while preferences according to year of certification indicated that more than three-quarters of the respondents (77%) who had been certified since 1970 preferred fish. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mode of transportation, time since last visit, and number of denture wearers.
The automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: Evaluating suspected inappropriate shocks

Two patients who received inappropriate shocks from an implanted defibrillator are presented. In one case, fracture of a sensing lead was responsible and in the other case, sensing of both pacemaker stimuli and the evoked ventricular electrogram resulted in inappropriate shocks. In both cases, phonograms recorded over the generator area with a magnet in place revealed audible tones synchronous with each sensed event which allowed noninvasive documentation of a sensing problem. This procedure appears to be a valuable step both in the confirmation of sensing problems, including pacemaker-defibrillator interactions, and in evaluating suspected inappropriate shocks.
Total Knee Arthroplasty Complicated by Partial Quadriceps Tendon Rupture: A Case Report

Disruption of the extensor mechanism after total knee arthroplasty is a rare but serious complication. It may involve the patellar tendon, patella or quadriceps tendon. Quadriceps tendon ruptures are less common and relatively few reports in the literature have addressed this complication. In particular, treatment guidelines for management of partial quadriceps rupture after total knee arthroplasty are lacking. Herein, we present the surgical technique and outcome of a patient with traumatic partial quadriceps tendon rupture after total knee arthroplasty using FiberTape and double figure of eight technique plus augmentation with TissueMend. J Med Cases. 2014;5(1):18-20 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jmc1603w
Synthesis, Structural, Electrical, Magnetic Curie Temperature and Y–K Angle Studies of Mn–Cu–Ni Mixed Spinel Nanoferrites

Nanoferrites of composition Mn0.50Cu0.5−x Ni x Fe2O4 (0.00≤x≤0.50) are prepared by chemical coprecipitation method. The prepared nano-ferrites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), two probe resistivity apparatus, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) to study the compositional, structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic properties with varying concentration (x) in the composition of the prepared nanoferrites. XRD confirmed formation of single phase spinel ferrite with crystalline size in the range of 16–29 nm. The lattice parameter (a) decreases with a decrease of Cu concentration. Further information about the structure and morphology of the nanoferrites was obtained from SEM and results are in good agreement with XRD. FTIR gives information about distribution of cations and anions by confirming the presence of high and low frequency bands due to tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively. The electric properties were measured and analyzed by using homemade two probe resistivity apparatus showing semiconducting behavior of synthesized ferrites. The magnetic hysteresis curves clearly indicate the soft nature of the prepared samples. Various magnetic parameters such as saturation magnetization (M s), and remanence (M r) are calculated from the hysteresis loops and observed compositional dependent. Saturation magnetization and magnetic moment increase with Ni content. This is due to the existence of localized canted spin. Coercivity and M s decreases while Y–K angles increase with Cu2+ content. The Ni2+ addition improves the magnetic properties. Curie temperature decreases with increase in Cu contents.