cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Two New Species of Pentagonia (Rubiaceae, Hippotideae) from Colombia and Ecuador

Two new species of Pentagonia Bentham (Rubiaceae, Hippotideae) are described and illustrated. Pentagonia tapacula Cornejo is from the pluvial forests of Bajo Calima, Valle del Cauca Department, southwestern Colombia. This new species belongs to a species group of plants with entire leaves that have a tapering, subsessile base, and with a 5-lobed calyx, but differs mainly by its thicker coriaceous leaf blades, obovate stipules, and inflorescences with remarkably elongated and thick peduncles. The second new species is P. clementinensis Cornejo from the wet forests of western Ecuador. This is segregated from P. involucrata C. M. Taylor, which differs sharply by its leaf blades, floral bracts, fruits, and calyces.
Properties of a D-C arc in a magnetic field

THE BEHAVIOR of direct-current arcs when subjected to uniform transverse magnetic fields up to 200 gausses has been investigated at atmospheric pressure over a current range between 3 and 100 amperes. Electrodes studied include silver, copper, aluminum, carbon, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, and titanium.
Psychological distress among American Red Cross disaster workers responding to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.

Abstract This study investigated American Red Cross disaster workers' symptoms of distress and posttraumatic stress resulting from exposure to disaster stimuli during their response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. A sample of 3055 Red Cross disaster workers was surveyed 1 year after the terrorist attacks regarding demographic characteristics, function during the response, and exposure to disaster stimuli. Participants were grouped by function and self-reported exposure, with the hypothesis that workers in Direct Services and/or those reporting to be directly exposed to disaster stimuli would experience greater levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms and distress than workers in indirect services or reporting no exposure. Findings revealed that while there were significant differences between both Function and Exposure groups on dependent measures, the multivariate η 2 was very small for both and did not meet medium effect size criteria. The results indicated that workers directly exposed to disaster stimuli reported no more distress than those who were not directly exposed.
DDIT - A Tool for DICOM Brain Images De-Identification

In order to protect subject privacy in the usage of medical imaging, it is desirable that images are de-identified. Two issues must be addressed for the purpose of image de-identification. One is anonymization, and the other is image defacing with regard to images that include facial features. In this paper, a tool, DDIT, is proposed for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) brain images de-identification. This tool can flexibly anonymize private data in DICOM images, and efficiently remove the potentially identifying facial features. In addition, visual inspection showed that no brain tissue was removed during the de-identification process. The tool is published online, which can be downloaded for free to help DICOM image de-identification and promote data sharing in large scale multisite projects.
A non-parametric cepstral method for blind channel identification from cyclostationary statistics

The authors present a new blind channel identification method based on second order cyclostationary statistics. They first derive the magnitude of the channel transfer function from the power spectral density or the cepstrum of cyclic spectra. They then reconstruct the channel phase based on the cyclic spectra alone. They analyze the phase estimation error for arbitrary channels. Computer simulation illustrates the effectiveness of both methods in identifying channel impulse response. >
Volley: Violation Likelihood Based State Monitoring for Datacenters

Distributed state monitoring plays a critical role in Cloud datacenter management. One fundamental problem in distributed state monitoring is to minimize the monitoring cost while maximizing the monitoring accuracy at the same time. In this paper, we present Volley, a violation likelihood based approach for efficient distributed state monitoring in Cloud datacenters. Volley achieves both efficiency and accuracy with a flexible monitoring framework which uses dynamic monitoring intervals determined by the likelihood of detecting state violations. Volley consists of three unique techniques. It utilizes efficient node-level adaptation algorithms that minimize monitoring cost with controlled accuracy. Volley also employs a distributed scheme that coordinates the adaptation on multiple monitor nodes of the same task for optimal task- level efficiency. Furthermore, it enables multi-task level cost reduction by exploring state correlation among monitoring tasks. We perform extensive experiments to evaluate Volley with system, network and application monitoring tasks in a virtualized datacenter environment. Our results show that Volley can reduce considerable monitoring cost and still deliver user specified monitoring accuracy under various scenarios.
Interference-nulling time-reversal beamforming for mm-Wave massive MIMO systems

We present a novel beamforming technique for multi-user frequency-selective indoor channels called interference-nulling time-reversal (INTR). The beamformer is implemented with a pre-filter designed to minimize the inter-user interference present in conventional time-reversal (TR). Moreover, our technique relies on a large number of antennas at the transmitter to mitigate inter-symbol interference, enabling low computational complexity receivers. We demonstrate that INTR outperforms previous TR techniques with respect to average bit error rate per user and achievable sum rate. Thus, INTR can be used for space division multiple access in no-line-of-sight mm-wave massive MIMO, providing remarkable diversity and multiplexing gains.
A review of proximal inputs to the near response

Maddox proposed that the perceived nearness of a target could influence the ocular vergence response. Proximal inputs have been used to refer to all static and dynamic cues to depth other than disparity and blur. In this paper, we review a number of studies in which proximal influences have been assessed. While general agreement exists that proximal contributions are significant when blur and disparity cues are absent (open-loop conditions), there are conflicting reports on the role of proximal vergence and accommodation under closed-loop conditions.
Pinniped Origins and the Rate of Evolution of Carnivore Albumins

Sarich, Vincent M. (Dept. Anthropology, U. Calif., Berkeley 94720) 1969. Pinniped origins and the rate of evolution of carnivore albumins. Syst. Zool., 18:286-295. [Immunology; albumins; pinrnipeds; phylogeny; evolution].-Data resulting from an immunological study of relationships among fissiped and pinniped albumins show that albumin evolution has occurred in a regular fashion in these taxa. This finding allows the conclusion that the pinnipeds share much more recent common ancestry with the canoids than either group does with the feloids. It is pointed out that it now appears possible to develop an internally consistent quantitative phylogeny for a group of species through the immunological study of a single protein found in that group. Full understanding of any group of species requires that their evolutionary or phyletic relationships be determined (throughout this paper phyletic is used in a purely cladistic sense). Only when this basic task is accomplished can the nature of the evolutionary processes that shaped the developm.ent of the group be profitably investigated within a realistic network of relationships. The first step in the construction of such a network in the absence of adequate fossil record is the choice of some standard of measurement. In the course of a study of the evolution of primate albumins, we reached the conclusion that this protein could provide such a standard. It was shown that this. protein had evolved in a regular fashion throughout the last 65 million years; i.e., the probability of an amino acid substitution occurring over a given length of time had been the same for each lineage during that span of time (Sarich and Wilson, 1967a, b; Sarich, 1968). This finding made possible the development of a molecular time scale of human evolution which placed the origin of the human line in the late Pliocene-on the order of 5 million years ago (Sarich and Wilson, 1967b; Sarich, 1968). The apparent great potential of this approach in providing a source of phyletic information alternate to that presently considered to be available only through an analysis of the fossil record has prompted a check of its general validity. In this article I report the first results of an analogous study of the evolution of carnivore albumins, with specific reference to those of the pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walrus).
Identifying patients with cost-related medication non-adherence: a big-data approach.

AbstractBackground: Millions of Americans encounter access barriers to medication due to cost; however, to date, there is no effective screening tool that identifies patients at risk of cost-related medication non-adherence (CRN).Objective: By utilizing a big-data approach to combining the survey data and electronic health records (EHRs), this study aimed to develop a method of identifying patients at risk of CRN.Methods: CRN data were collected by surveying patients about CRN behaviors in the past 3 months. By matching the dates of patients’ receipt of monthly Social Security (SS) payments and the dates of prescription orders for 559 Medicare beneficiaries who were primary SS claimants at high risk of hospitalization in an urban academic medical center, this study identified patients who ordered their outpatient prescription within 2 days of receipt of monthly SS payments in 2014. The predictive power of this information on CRN was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: Among t...
Synthesis of ceramic powders from metal alkoxides

Powders derived from metal alkoxides, irrespective of the specific process, have been demonstrated to possess most of the desirable characteristics for ceramic fabrication and sintering. Particularly impressive gains have been reported for silicates and in the expansion of the compositional range of alkoxide derived powders. While most research has focused on synthesis of simple metal oxide powders, advances in the chemistry of mixed metal alkoxides should pave the way for powder synthesis of more complex, multicomponent oxides.Besides the high chemical costs, a major deterrent for commercial production of powders by controlled hydrolysis of metal alkoxides is the fundamental requirement for dilute solutions, and thus low yield, to obtain monodisperse particles. Continuous processes such as aerosol reactions, spray pyrolysis, seeded growth and, potentially, emulsion processes, may overcome the barrier of low rate of production.A technical impediment for commercial use of alkoxide derived particles stems from their structurally porous character. Although the other physical characteristics allow for lower temperature densification, the large sintering shrinkage associated with porous particles is undesirable and poses a significant barrier to industrial application. As a reasonably mature field, future advances will require the modeling and detailed analysis of the above processes.
Identifying Systemic Factors that Impact Performance in the Cardiac Surgery Operating Room

Errors with serious consequences continue to occur at a high rate in many surgical specialties. In this study, the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (Wiegmann & Shappell, 2003) was used to develop a structured interviewing tool for prospectively assessing the systemic factors that may predispose operating room (OR) personnel to making errors. Approximately 50% (n = 68) of all staff involved in patient care within the cardiac surgery OR at our institution participated, with an equal proportion represented across staff specialties (Surgeons, Anesthesiologists, Nurses, Perfusionists and Technicians). Results identified a variety of potential error-producing factors present in the OR setting. While such factors were viewed by OR staff as occurring infrequently, significant relationships between the estimated frequency of systemic problems and specific error forms were identified. These findings can inform both the development of theoretical models of surgical error, as well as the practice of d...
Crossover from localized to cascade relaxations in metallic glasses

Thermally activated deformation is investigated in two metallic glass systems with different cooling histories. By probing the atomic displacements and stress changes on the potential energy landscape, two deformation modes, a localized process and cascade process, have observed. The localized deformation involves fewer than 30 atoms and appears in both systems, and its size is invariant with cooling history. However, the cascade deformation is more frequently observed in the fast quenched system than in the slowly quenched system. The origin of the cascade process in the fast quenched system is attributed to the higher density of local minima on the underlying potential energy landscape.
Testing in-package DRAMs and DFX features in 3D high-bandwidth memory

A major form of 3D integration is incorporating memory die in the package along with the processor die. Higher-end applications incorporate DRAMs within the package in 3D or 2.5D configurations, to provide extremely high bandwidth and relatively large capacity. The added component cost and assembly and test process cost demand step-function yield improvement. This talk will focus on recent developments in DRAM System-In-Package (SiP) integration, outlining assembly process induced failure modes and risk mitigations. These DRAM products, including “High-Bandwidth Memories” (HBM) in “known good stacked die package form,” must be economically testable and efficiently debuggable, yet the interface between the SOC die and the DRAM is usually a buried interface. Testability and alignment with the back-end assembly and test processes are crucial planning activities for such products.
Development Situation of Pineapple Industry in China in 2011

The development situation of pineapple industry in China in 2011 is analyzed.The pineapple industry of Guangdong and Hainan provinces is described in detailed.Some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to accelerate the development of pineapple industry in China in view of the problems in pineapple industry in China.
Erasable Western blots

Western blotting (reviewed in 1-3; see also this vol., Chapter 24 ) refers to formation and detection of an antibody-antigen complex between an antibody and a polypeptide that is immobilized on derivatized paper. Most commonly, polypeptides in a complex mixture are separated by electrophoresis through polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), electrophoretically transferred to thin sheets of nitrocellulose or nylon, and reacted sequentially with one or more antibody-containing solutions. This sequence of manipulations can be utilized to determine whether a polypeptide recognized by a specific antiserum is present in a particular biological sample (cell type, subcellular fraction, or biological fluid), to follow the purification of the polypeptide, or to assess the location of epitopes within the polypeptide during chemical or enzymatic degradation. Alternatively, the same series of manipulations can be utilized to determine whether antibodies that recognize a particular polypeptide are detectable in a sample of biological fluid. Since Western blotting takes advantage of the power of electrophoresis for separating complex mixtures of polypeptides, it is possible to derive large amounts of information from this technique without necessarily purifying the antigen being studied.
Capillary perfusion during ischemia-reperfusion in subcutaneous connective tissue and skin muscle

Ischemia-reperfusion injury was investigated in terms of functional capillary density (FCD), capillary red blood cell velocity (cRBCv), and arteriolar and venular diameter after 4-h ischemia in the...
Global and Local Characterization of Passivated Aluminum Metallization Film for Extracting Elastoplastic Constitutive Model

Plastic ratcheting of aluminum interconnects has been a major reliability concern for microelectronic devices. Various failure mechanisms associated with passivation and dielectric cracking during temperature cycling test have been attributed to this fundamental material response. Thus, understanding of the elastoplastic behavior of aluminum metallization gone through the actual process thermal history is crucial for ensuring back-end reliability. This article presents characterization of a passivated aluminum metallization film stack using Wafer Curvature and Spherical Nanoindentation to extract elastoplastic constitutive model parameters that reflect global (entire film) and local (point probe) aluminum material behaviors, respectively. Novel analytical-numerical approaches are proposed to systematically determine kinematic hardening models based on the responses of the composite dielectric-aluminum film stack. The ability to measure aluminum elastoplastic properties locally enables process monitoring on actual device wafers during development and production.
Ruminative brooding is associated with salience network coherence in early pubertal youth.

Abstract Rumination, and particularly ruminative brooding, perpetuates dysphoric mood states and contributes to the emergence of depression. Studies of adults and older adolescents have characterized the association between rumination and intrinsic functional connectivity within default mode (DMN), salience (SN) and executive control (ECN) networks; we know little, however, about the brain network basis of rumination during early puberty, a sensitive period for network reorganization. 112 early puberty boys and girls completed resting-state scans, the Ruminative Response Scale, and the Youth Self-Report questionnaire. Using independent components analysis and dual regression, we quantified coherence for each individual in networks of interest (SN, ECN, DMN) and in non-relevant networks (motor, visual) in which we predicted no correlations with behavioral measures. Boys and girls did not differ in levels of rumination or internalizing symptoms, or in coherence for any network. The relation between SN network coherence and rumination; however, and specifically ruminative brooding, was moderated by sex: greater SN coherence was associated with higher levels of brooding in girls but not in boys. Further, in girls, brooding mediated the relation between SN coherence and internalizing symptoms. These results point to coherence within the SN as a potential neurodevelopmental marker of risk for depression in early pubertal girls.
Passive neutron detection at borders

Radiation portal monitor systems have been deployed to screen for illicit trafficking of radioactive materials at international border crossings. This report reviews some of the neutron detection requirements and capabilities of passive detection systems used for such applications. Simulations show the effects of cargo materials on neutron spectra, different detector geometries, using a large-array of neutron detectors, and the effects of backgrounds including "ship effect" neutrons.
PET prostate imaging with small planar detectors

PET imaging in the pelvis with dual planar detectors has been investigated. The scanner consisted of two 20 cm (transaxial)times15 cm (axial) planar detectors with 3times3times10 mm3 LGSO elements mounted on a rotating gantry with adjustable detector radii. A 36 cmtimes21 cm oval phantom, 40 cm long, with a centered 2.2 cm sphere and 1.3 cm neighboring spheres was used for tests with the spheres at 20:1, 10:1, and 5:1 concentrations relative to the background. Data were acquired with the detectors in a fixed anterior-posterior orientation as well as orbiting the body in limited and full arcs. Images were reconstructed with a fully 3D ML-EM algorithm (in most cases with limited angles.) For the fixed detector position, coronal views showed the larger sphere and the lateral small sphere for the 20:1 and 10:1 concentrations. Transaxial images showed many artifacts in the limited-angle cases. For the orbiting detector data, transaxial image quality improved as the number of angles increased. Significant artifacts were still present, however. The system works satisfactorily, even with limited views, for detection of high-uptake lesions. Further characterization of uptake requires fuller angular sampling
Organocatalyzed, Photoredox Heteroarylation of 2-Trifluoroboratochromanones via C-H Functionalization.

Heteroarylation via C–H functionalization has been synthetically challenging, but such transformations represent an atom-economical and highly convergent route toward complex molecules. Reported herein is a photoredox-catalyzed coupling between 2-trifluoroborato-4-chromanones and various heteroarenes through a Minisci pathway. Mesitylacridinium perchlorate, an organic photocatalyst, proved to be a better photocatalyst than transition-metal counterparts for such transformations. To highlight the utility of this approach, a library of unprecedented heteroaryl-substituted chromanones was generated that was composed of numerous, specifically substituted molecules containing a broad range of functional groups.
Impact of clinical pharmacist services delivered via telemedicine in the outpatient or ambulatory care setting: A systematic review

Abstract Background Utilization of telemedicine allows pharmacists to extend the reach of clinical interventions, connecting them with patients and providers, but the overall impact of these services is under-studied. Objective Identify the impact of clinical pharmacist telemedicine interventions on clinical outcomes, subsequently defined as clinical disease management, patient self-management, and adherence, in outpatient or ambulatory settings. Methods A literature search was conducted from database inception through May 2016 in Medline, SCOPUS, and EMBASE. Broad terms “telemedicine”, “telehealth”, and “telephone” were used in combination with “pharmacist” or “pharmacy” and “telepharmacy”. The search and extraction process followed PRISMA guidelines. Results were screened for pharmacist interventions and reviewed to identify studies in outpatient our ambulatory settings. Studies of non-clinical outcomes (i.e. dispensing or product preparation) and with no comparator were excluded. The final studies were categorized by types of outcomes reported: clinical disease management, patient self-management, and adherence. Results Only 34 studies measured clinical outcomes against a comparator, consistent with the research question. The majority utilized scheduled models of care (n = 29). Telephone was the most common communication method (n = 25). The most utilized interventions were pharmacist-led telephonic clinics (n = 10). Most studies focused on chronic disease management in adults including hypertension, diabetes, anticoagulation, depression, hyperlipidemia, asthma, heart failure, HIV, PTSD, CKD, stroke, COPD and smoking cessation. Twenty-three studies had a positive impact with one reporting negative results. Higher positive impact rate was observed for scheduled (72.4%, 21/29) and continuous (100%, 2/2) models compared to responsive/reactive (25%, 1/4). Conclusions Clinical pharmacy telemedicine interventions in the outpatient or ambulatory setting, primarily via phone, have an overall positive impact on outcomes related to clinical disease management, patient self-management, and adherence in the management of chronic diseases. Commonalities among studies with positive impact included utilization of continuous or scheduled models via telephone, with frequent monitoring and interventions. Studies identified did not evaluate benefits of video capability over telephone or cost-effectiveness, both of which are useful directions for future study.
The Exceptionalism of the Open Space Issue in American Politics

Objective Our objective is to illustrate the need to differentiate specific issue types within broad policy categories by showing the exceptional support in American politics for open space issues. Methods We test this assertion with econometric analyses of outcomes from over 600 state ballot measures on environmental and energy issues. Results We find exceptional support for open space ballot measures in simple comparisons and in fuller models of ballot measure passage. As one example, over 80 percent of the open space measures pass, whereas 50 percent of all the other measures pass. Conclusion Exceptional support for open space is important for this policy area specifically but also as an illustration of the need to differentiate broad policy categories into specific issues.
Preoperative Considerations for Pediatric Patients: What Keeps Parents Up at Night?

Parents are often as concerned about the risks of general anesthesia in their children as they are about the surgical or interventional procedure itself. Parents search the internet and rely on media for information regarding anesthesia and are often confused by conflicting or erroneous information. Recent attention has been given to both the potential neurotoxic effects of general anesthesia in young children and increased understanding of the long-term consequences of concussion. The focus on health care spending has directed more surgical procedures to be performed on an outpatient basis. The guidelines for outpatient tonsillectomy which is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the pediatric population are often unclear. Finally, as the number of immunizations required for children is increasing the likelihood of immunization prior to general anesthesia is increased. Is it safe to proceed? These are some of the concerns that contemporary parents have which the anesthesiologist must be prepared to address.
Comprehensive review of the extended middle cranial fossa approach.

Purpose of review To review the current literature on the extended middle cranial fossa (xMCF) approach and to provide a comprehensive description of the relevant anatomy, indications, surgical technique, results, and complications. Recent findings The xMCF approach expands the surgical exposure provided by the sMCF approach, allowing access to the internal auditory canal, cerebellopontine angle, prepontine cistern, anterior petrous apex, petrous carotid artery, Meckel's cave, cavernous sinus, mid and upper clivus, and posterior lesions approaching the jugular foramen. Preservation of serviceable hearing is possible with success rates approximating 50% in vestibular schwannoma and meningioma resection, and facial nerve outcome is excellent. Summary The xMCF is an important approach for difficult to access lesions that additionally offers the possibility of hearing preservation. This approach is also useful for vascular lesions, auditory brainstem implantation, and lesions of mid-brainstem.
The Reliability and Replicability of Naturalistic Speech Error Data

Empirical disciplines have long distinguished between two types of evidence bearing on behavior: experimental evidence and naturalistic evidence. In behavioral biology, both types of evidence are routinely used. It is generally recognized that naturalistic evidence cannot be dispensed with, because there is no way to guarantee natural behavior in an experimental setting. An effort is always made, however, to control observation as carefully as is possible. Within cognitive psychology, naturalistic data are not well respected. They are used most extensively in social psychology and in studies of child language acquisition, where the spontaneous speech of a child may be recorded for later analysis. They are also used in at least one aspect of adult cognitive behavior: the study of errors of performance, with the greatest emphasis on language errors. These studies are generally not very well controlled. Because errors occur at such a low frequency, it is not feasible to record large chunks of naturally occurring speech and analyze them for errors. Researchers have used the less controlled method of listening for errors and then recording them (generally using pen and paper, but with tape recording in at least two cases). There are enough problems with this methodology so that many cognitive psychologists are skeptical of the results of any studies based on naturally occurring errors. It is my purpose here to review evidence showing that naturalistic speech-error data are reliable and replicable.
On Comparing the Power of Mobile Robots

Minimalist models have been studied for a broad array of tasks in robotics. In this paper, we consider the taskcompleting power of robots in terms of the sensors and actuators with which the robot is equipped. Our goal is to understand the relative power of different sets of sensors and actuators and to determine which of these sets enable the robot to complete its task. We define robots as collections of robotic primitives and provide a formal method for comparing the sensing and actuation power of robots constructed from these primitives. This comparison, which is based on the how the robots progress through their information spaces, induces a partial order over the set of robot systems. We prove some basic properties of this partial order and then apply it to a limited-sensing version of the global localization problem.
Differential Polarization Imaging

The development of the differential polarization microscope has allowed us to study a large variety of important biological samples in a way never possible before. This type of microscopy has allowed us to use the different interactions of polarized light with the long range packing of chromophores as a contrast mechanism. The first system studied was aligned Hb within deoxygenated red blood cells of subjects with sickle cell anemia. We were able to determine that there are nucleation sites for hemoglobin polymerization found within cells at physiological oxygen levels. The second system examined was the primary spermatocyte of Drosophila where we saw the structural rearrangement of the nucleolus which correlates with levels of transcriptional activity found during development as well as the structure of the lampbrush chromosome.
THE CONVERGENCE OF A MANY-BODY PERTURBATION SERIES FOR AN ATTRACTIVE FERMI-SYSTEM

The problem of the convergence for Wigner and Schr?dinger perturbation series is discussed by means of the functional analysis method. It is found that the convergent radii of two typic perturbation series are equivalent, but the rates of the convergence or divergence are not equivalent. An useful test is given.
Criticality Safety Methods

The objective of this chapter is to examine the history of nuclear criticality safety calculations. To this end, we will review the history of criticality safety concerns and look at the various approaches in dealing with this particular type of calculation. The criticality safety methods that are the subject of this chapter are those that are used to determine the criticality safety of the handling, transportation, and storage of fissile materials outside nuclear reactors.
Photoshopping of models in advertising: A review of the literature and future research agenda

The extant literature suggests that idealized imagery of female models in advertising has negative impacts on the body satisfaction of those exposed. Women can feel pressure to live up to “perfect”...
Sequencing of therapies in relapsed follicular lymphoma

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an incurable but treatable disease with vast treatment options. Despite the abundance of efficacious treatment modalities, there is no universally agreed upon standard approach to treatment, particularly in the relapsed/refractory setting. There is an increasing need for more robust and clinically available tools to risk-stratify patients and identify those likely to experience early relapse, which is currently recognized as the unmet need in FL. Additionally, the use of gene-expression profiling and next-generation sequencing techniques in recent years has led to a wealth of knowledge regarding the molecular drivers of lymphomagenesis. However, much of this knowledge is not currently available in the clinic to inform treatment decisions. Future studies are needed to generate clinically relevant predictive models adept at incorporating patient-specific and molecular features to inform management strategies along the entire disease continuum as treatment decisions should not be made in a vacuum with a one-size-fits-all approach. Sequencing of therapy in the management of relapsed FL should involve personalized decision-making for care plans that balance patient characteristics, preferences, and comorbidities with treatment-related factors such as efficacy, toxicity profile, and mechanisms of action to achieve a durable, quality remission.
Practice patterns and outcomes following radiation dose de-escalation for oropharyngeal cancer.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Numerous trials are evaluating radiotherapy (RT) de-escalation for human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Herein, we evaluated the degree to which de-escalated RT is delivered in the United States, as well as comparative outcomes with full-dose RT as stratified for HPV status. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective database review. METHODS We identified patients diagnosed with OPSCC in the National Cancer Database, excluding those with stage I/II disease, unknown HPV status, receiving surgery or not receiving external beam radiation therapy to the primary site, receipt of radiation doses >75 or 75 days, and unknown or inadequate (<2 months) follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified variables associated with delivery of de-escalated RT (<66 Gy). Overall survival of HPV+ and non-HPV-mediated (HPV-) disease was compared between full-dose and de-escalated approaches. RESULTS Altogether, 617 and 551 patients were HPV+ and HPV-, respectively. De-escalated RT was delivered in 16.9% HPV+ and 15.2% of HPV- disease, respectively. Older patients and omission of systemic therapy were more likely to receive de-escalated RT. In HPV+ patients, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 83% and 80% in the de-escalated cohort versus 83% and 78% in the full-dose group (P = .83). In HPV- patients, corresponding 3- and 5-year survival rates were 29% and 23% versus 61% and 51% (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS National utilization of de-escalated RT for OPSCC is low (15%-20%), but does not seem to impact overall survival in HPV+ (but not HPV-) patients. The caveats of this heterogeneous, retrospective analysis require corroboration from a number of ongoing randomized trials. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2c Laryngoscope, 130:E171-E176, 2020.
Abstract 81: ARL13B interacts with IMPDH2 to modulate purine synthesis and temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma, a universally lethal primary brain tumor, harnesses cellular plasticity to drive therapeutic adaptation. Critical factors in developing this plasticity are histone modifiers such as Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 protein EZH2. In order to examine tumor cell plasticity in depth, we conducted multiple ChIP Sequencing runs and demonstrate that EZH2 binds within an enhancer region of ARL13B during temozolomide (TMZ) therapy and induces an H3K4 mono-methylation mark. Concurrently, we observed an increase in H3K27ac at the transcription start site of ARL13B as well as a lack of H3K27 tri-methylation, EZH2’s canonical histone mark. Based on this we hypothesize that EZH2 could be non-canonically regulating ARL13B to allow for cellular plasticity and ultimately drive therapeutic adaptation. Delving further into this regulation we demonstrate that knockdown of ARL13B in patient derived xenograft cells significantly increased survival of mice in an orthotopic GBM model when compared to controls (p-value Citation Format: Jack Shireman, Eunus Ali, Miranda Saathoff, Cheol Park, Issam Ben-Sahra, Atique U. Ahmed. ARL13B interacts with IMPDH2 to modulate purine synthesis and temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 81.
Gridmusic: teaching CS concepts with algorithmic composition

We have built a software framework for algorithmic music composition to support the teaching of important computer science topics across the curriculum. This framework can be used as the basis for illustrating concepts such as derived classes in Java, parallel arrays and lists, and computer-aided composition, and it can also be used as the basis for student projects in various courses. By placing these concepts in the context of computer music, we can show students ways that computational thinking connects our field with mathematics, the fine arts and (with a bit more work) physics.
Reshaping the Arc of Quantitative Educational Research: It's Time to Broaden Our Paradigm.

AbstractThe arc of quantitative educational research should not be etched in stone but should adapt and change over time. In this article, I argue that it is time for a reshaping by offering my per...
A Brief Review of Convolutional Neural Networks Based Solutions for Smart Parking Systems

Parking issues are becoming more significant as the number of drivers in crowded urban centers increases. At the same time, new breakthroughs in the fields of internet-of-things, computer vision and machine learning have opened up new opportunities for maximizing parking efficiency. In this paper, we present a comparative study of the existing approaches that use convolutional neural networks based smart parking solutions. We will explore how well various experiments using convolutional neural networks have dealt with the complex problems surrounding parking space identification, such as occlusions, different lighting conditions, and difference in car orientations.
Immunotherapy versus biologics as second-line therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

533Background: Sorafenib or lenvatinib are the current frontline options for advanced HCC. Multiple biologic agents including multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) cabozantinib & regorafenib have ...
A Circuit Mechanism Underlying Suppression of Circadian Signals by Homeostatic Sleep Drive

Sleep is controlled by homeostatic mechanisms, which drive sleep following periods of wakefulness, and a circadian clock, which regulates sleep timing in a daily cycle. Homeostatic sleep drive sometimes overrides the clock, such that recovery sleep after deprivation occurs outside the normal circadian rest period. However, mechanisms underlying this effect are unknown. We find that sleep-promoting dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) neurons, effectors of homeostatic sleep in Drosophila, are presynaptic to hugin+ neurons, previously identified as circadian output neurons regulating locomotor activity rhythms. Sleep deprivation decreases hugin+ neuronal activity, which likely suppresses circadian control to promote recovery sleep driven by dFB neurons. Indeed, removal of hugin+ neurons increases sleep-promoting effects of dFB neurons. Trans-synaptic mapping reveals that hugin+ neurons feed back onto s-LNv central clock neurons, which also show Hugin-dependent decreased activity upon sleep loss. These findings identify a circuit-based mechanism through which sleep drive modulates the circadian system to promote recovery sleep following deprivation.
On Optimal Partitioning For Sparse Matrices In Variable Block Row Format.

The Variable Block Row (VBR) format is an influential blocked sparse matrix format designed to represent shared sparsity structure between adjacent rows and columns. VBR consists of groups of adjacent rows and columns, storing the resulting blocks that contain nonzeros in a dense format. This reduces the memory footprint and enables optimizations such as register blocking and instruction-level parallelism. Existing approaches use heuristics to determine which rows and columns should be grouped together. We adapt and optimize a dynamic programming algorithm for sequential hypergraph partitioning to produce a linear time algorithm which can determine the optimal partition of rows under an expressive cost model, assuming the column partition remains fixed. Furthermore, we show that the problem of determining an optimal partition for the rows and columns simultaneously is NP-Hard under a simple linear cost model. To evaluate our algorithm empirically against existing heuristics, we introduce the 1D-VBR format, a specialization of VBR format where columns are left ungrouped. We evaluate our algorithms on all 1626 real-valued matrices in the SuiteSparse Matrix Collection. When asked to minimize an empirically derived cost model for a sparse matrix-vector multiplication kernel, our algorithm produced partitions whose 1D-VBR realizations achieve a speedup of at least 1.18 over an unblocked kernel on 25% of the matrices, and a speedup of at least 1.59 on 12.5% of the matrices. The 1D-VBR representation produced by our algorithm had faster SpMVs than the 1D-VBR representations produced by any existing heuristics on 87.8% of the test matrices.
China’s One Belt One Road (OBOR) Initiative and the Coronavirus Pandemic

The coronavirus (and the disease it causes, COVID-19) has proven to be a rolling crisis. Rolling in the sense that it began in central China and spread westward to the Indo-Paciﬁc region toward Europe and at the same time eastward into North America. Its impacts have been felt most intensely, so far, in several emerging hotspots along the way, such as Spain and Italy. In a matter of a few months it became a truly global pandemic and economic crisis. It continues to spread to all inhabited continents. For China, where the coronavirus started as a national epidemic, the problems were two-fold: ﬁrst the virus disrupted China’s manufacturing processes as workers became infected with a fast and easy-spreading coronavirus and, secondly, disrupted the supply chain as demand for its domestic and export goods and services rapidly decreased.
Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Sir William Osler was the first to emphasize the importance of GI manifestations in SLE and stressed that GI symptoms associated with SLE could mimic nearly any abdominal condition [1]. The GI tract is one of the most commonly affected systems in SLE. Incidence reports vary widely, but one autopsy study found that 60–70 % of SLE patients had evidence of previous peritonitis on post-mortem examination, even though only in 10 % of patients were the episodes clinically apparent while the patient was alive [2]. Other studies estimate the incidence of GI symptoms in SLE patients to be somewhere between 25 and 40 % [3–5]. Most GI manifestations are due to adverse reactions to potent medications and infection, while symptoms directly affecting the GI tract due to SLE are far less common than arthritis or nephritis in these patients [6].
Wearables and Deep Learning Classify Fall Risk From Gait in Multiple Sclerosis

Falls are a significant problem for persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Yet fall prevention interventions are not often prescribed until after a fall has been reported to a healthcare provider. While still nascent, objective fall risk assessments could help in prescribing preventative interventions. To this end, retrospective fall status classification commonly serves as an intermediate step in developing prospective fall risk assessments. Previous research has identified measures of gait biomechanics that differ between PwMS who have fallen and those who have not, but these biomechanical indices have not yet been leveraged to detect PwMS who have fallen. Moreover, they require the use of laboratory-based measurement technologies, which prevent clinical deployment. Here we demonstrate that a bidirectional long short-term (BiLSTM) memory deep neural network was able to identify PwMS who have recently fallen with good performance (AUC of 0.88) based on accelerometer data recorded from two wearable sensors during a one-minute walking task. These results provide substantial improvements over machine learning models trained on spatiotemporal gait parameters (21% improvement in AUC), statistical features from the wearable sensor data (16%), and patient-reported (19%) and neurologist-administered (24%) measures in this sample. The success and simplicity (two wearable sensors, only one-minute of walking) of this approach indicates the promise of inexpensive wearable sensors for capturing fall risk in PwMS.
What Are the Reasons and Risk Factors for 30-Day Readmission After Outpatient Total Hip Arthroplasty?

Abstract Background A higher volume of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is starting to be performed as an outpatient procedure. However, data on appropriate patient selection for this surgical protocol is scarce. Methods Patients who underwent primary THA were identified in the 2012-2018 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Outpatient procedure was defined as having a hospital length of stay of 0 days. The primary outcome was a readmission within the 30-day postoperative period. Risk factors for and effect of overnight hospital stay on 30-day readmission after outpatient THA were identified through multivariable models. Reasons for and timing of readmission were also identified. Results A total of 5245 outpatient THA patients and 44,171 patients who stayed 1 night were identified. The incidence of 30-day readmission after outpatient THA was 1.60% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-1.94). Risk factors for 30-day readmission after outpatient THA include the following: older age relative to 18-60 years old (most notably 71-75 years old, relative risk [RR] = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.15-4.62; 76-80 years old, RR = 6.6, 95% CI = 3.55-12.43; and >80 years old, RR = 5.6, 95% CI = 2.43-12.89, P Conclusion The rate of 30-day readmission after outpatient THA was low. Patients who are at high risk for 30-day readmission after outpatient THA include those with older age and bleeding disorders. Some of these patients may benefit from an inpatient hospital stay.
Examination of Treatment Progress Among College Students in a University Counseling Program

This study evaluated an academic counseling program called the University Turn Around Program (U-Turn) for college students experiencing mental health concerns and low academic achievement. Forty-t...
Genome-Wide Analysis of Sex Disparities in the Genetic Architecture of Lung and Colorectal Cancers.

Almost all complex disorders have manifested epidemiological and clinical sex disparities which might partially arise from sex-specific genetic mechanisms. Addressing such differences can be important from a precision medicine perspective which aims to make medical interventions more personalized and effective. We investigated sex-specific genetic associations with colorectal (CRCa) and lung (LCa) cancers using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data from three independent datasets. The genome-wide association analyses revealed that 33 SNPs were associated with CRCa/LCa at P < 5.0 × 10−6 neither males or females. Of these, 26 SNPs had sex-specific effects as their effect sizes were statistically different between the two sexes at a Bonferroni-adjusted significance level of 0.0015. None had proxy SNPs within their ±1 Mb regions and the closest genes to 32 SNPs were not previously associated with the corresponding cancers. The pathway enrichment analyses demonstrated the associations of 35 pathways with CRCa or LCa which were mostly implicated in immune system responses, cell cycle, and chromosome stability. The significant pathways were mostly enriched in either males or females. Our findings provided novel insights into the potential sex-specific genetic heterogeneity of CRCa and LCa at SNP and pathway levels.