cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Preoperative psychometric properties of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Upper Extremity, Pain Interference, and Depression in Bankart repair and rotator cuff repair.

Background We aimed to examine the preoperative performance of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Upper Extremity (UE, versions 1.2 and 2.0), Pain Interference (PI, version 1.1), and Depression (version 1.0) testing across multiple orthopedic procedures for the upper extremity and define its susceptibility to preoperative floor and ceiling effects. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected patient-reported outcome measures using an electronic outcome registry for procedures performed between May 2017 and April 2019. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were used to examine cohorts for 2 upper-extremity orthopedic procedures: Bankart repair and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). Shapiro-Wilk normality testing was used to assess score distributions for normalcy; given non-normal score distributions, Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for preoperative patient-reported outcome scores. Absolute floor and ceiling effects were calculated for preoperative time points based on CPT code. Results A total of 488 patients were included across the Bankart repair cohort (n = 109; mean age, 29.3 ± 12.5 years) and ARCR cohort (n = 379; mean age, 57.5 ± 9.5 years). In the Bankart repair cohort, the PROMIS PI score demonstrated strong correlations with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (r = −0.63), Constant score (r = −0.75), PROMIS UE score (r = −0.75), and Veterans RAND-6 Domain score (r = −0.61). The PROMIS Depression score (r = 0.23 and r = 0.17, respectively), Short Form 12 Mental Composite Scale score (r = 0.34 and r = 0.11, respectively), and Veterans RAND 12-item health survey Mental Composite Scale score (r = 0.44 and r = 0.15, respectively) exhibited poor correlations with the PROMIS PI and UE scores. In the ARCR cohort, the PROMIS PI score demonstrated a good correlation with the PROMIS UE score (r = 0.61). The Constant score (r = 0.58 and r = 0.67, respectively), Veterans RAND 12-item health survey Physical Composite Scale score (r = 0.58 and r = 0.47, respectively), and Veterans RAND-6 Domain score (r = 0.67 and r = 0.53, respectively) exhibited good correlations with the PROMIS PI and UE measures. No significant absolute floor or ceiling effects were observed for the PROMIS instruments except the PROMIS Depression measure: An absolute floor effect was noted for both the Bankart repair (n = 12, 30%) and ARCR (n = 38, 14.7%) groups. Conclusion The PROMIS PI and UE instruments perform favorably compared with legacy outcome instruments in patients receiving Bankart repair, as well as those undergoing ARCR. Furthermore, in both populations, the PROMIS Depression instrument exhibits absolute floor effects whereas the PROMIS PI and UE instruments fail to demonstrate any absolute floor or ceiling effects.
Family member incarceration and mental health: Results from a nationally representative survey

Abstract Research increasingly documents the repercussions of family member incarceration for health, but little is known about the relative health consequences of different types of family member incarceration (including parent, sibling, child, and romantic partner/co-parent incarceration) or demographic variation in the health consequences of family member incarceration. I used data from the Family History of Incarceration Survey (FamHIS), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of U.S. adults (N ​= ​2808), to estimate the association between family member incarceration history and mental health, net of covariates. Adjusted logistic regression models suggest three conclusions. First, immediate family member incarceration is positively associated with fair or poor mental health. Second, parent and sibling incarceration—but not child or romantic partner/co-parent incarceration—is positively associated with fair or poor mental health, but the different types of family member incarceration are not statistically different from one another. Third, the association between family member incarceration and fair or poor mental health is similar across race/ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, and incarceration history. These findings highlight that any family member incarceration—and not necessarily the type of family member incarceration—has repercussions for mental health, and that these associations are not contingent on demographic characteristics. Given the concentration of family member incarceration among people of color and the poor, this adverse experience may exacerbate population health inequalities.
ACCURATE PREDICTION OF VOLTAGE OF BATTERY ELECTRODE MATERIALS USING ATTENTION BASED GRAPH NEURAL NETWORKS

Performing first principle calculations to discover electrodes’ properties in the large chemical space is a challenging task. While machine learning (ML) has been applied to effectively accelerate those discoveries, most of the applied methods ignore the materials’ spatial information and only use pre-defined features: based only on chemical compositions. We propose two attention-based graph convolutional neural network techniques to learn the average voltage of electrodes. Our proposed method, which combines both atomic composition and atomic coordinates in 3D-space, improves the accuracy in voltage prediction by 17% when compared to composition based ML models. The first model directly learns the chemical reaction of electrodes and metal-ions to predict their average voltage, whereas the second model combines electrodes’ ML predicted formation energy (Eform) to compute their average voltage. Our models demonstrates improved accuracy in transferability from our subset of learned metal-ions to other metal-ions.
Perioperative Factors Associated With Chronic Opioid Use After Spine Surgery

Study Design:Retrospective case control.Objectives:The purpose of the current study is to determine risk factors associated with chronic opioid use after spine surgery.Methods:In our single institu...
A Generalized Framework for Algorithm Based Team Formation

Teams must be formed for all kinds of projects and purposes. Team formation is a key activity for innovation, entrepreneurship, class projects, and industry initiatives. Our experience with entrepreneurship and innovation has shown that a project's results are highly dependent on the quality of team formation. In real life situations, team building is also time consuming. In this work we are developing a method and approach to form teams using algorithms. To do this, we develop a taxonomy for how teams are formed. We consider the key factors for team formation, identify measures for team effectiveness, as well as synthesize the framework with natural team formation processes. More importantly, we are proposing a generalized framework for algorithm based team formation. We provide sample algorithms with this framework to demonstrate its use in practical situations. The work of this paper also informs future characterization of the models developed here, which includes trade-offs for factors including optimality of team effectiveness, computation time, and policy considerations.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma in an infant with neonatal diabetes mellitus.

Abstract Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disease distinct from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). While T1DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, NDM arises from genetic mutations to insulin production and secretion pathways. We present a case of an infant presenting to the emergency department with shock and poor responsiveness, found to have neonatal DM with hyperosmotic hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). This report distinguishes NDM from T1DM, illustrating the subtle but clinically significant differences in pathophysiology and implications for initial management of NDM in the emergency department setting.
Acuerdos de seguridad económica en el contexto del envejecimiento de la población de la India

El rapido envejecimiento de la poblacion de la India, asi como el exodo rural y la constante concentracion de la poblacion activa en el sector no estructurado han puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de mejorar los acuerdos de seguridad economica para la tercera edad. Los lazos familiares tradicionales, esenciales como garantia minima de seguridad economica, comienzan debilitarse y la longevidad creciente incrementa los costos de mantenimiento de las personas mayores. Como consecuencia, los ancianos corren mas riesgos de permanecer o de caer en la pobreza. Paralelamente a sus esfuerzos por resolver esta situacion, el Gobierno nacional y algunos estados de la India han lanzado una serie de programas para ofrecer a la gran mayoria de los indios sin acceso a servicios medicos o a un seguro de salud algun tipo de acceso a los mismos. Los trabajadores del sector estructurado reciben mas prestaciones de seguridad social que los del sector no estructurado pero son solo una pequena proporcion de la poblacion activa. Las mujeres son particularmente vulnerables a la inseguridad economica. La experiencia de la India ofrece lecciones para otros paises. Si bien el sector de la seguridad social ofrece espacio para iniciativas privadas, no cabe duda de que la mayoria de los emprendimientos en este ambito deberan financiarse con los impuestos. Los proveedores del sector privado pueden desempenar un papel importante, incluso si la mayor parte de los fondos proceden de fuentes publicas. Sin embargo, a medida que aumente el numero de solicitudes de prestaciones, la actividad de los proveedores del sector privado se topara con mayores escollos. La India tambien ha demostrado que los estados pueden ejecutar correctamente las tareas de implementacion, usando fondos del Estado nacional y con la serie de ventajas y desventajas que aporta la descentralizacion. Por ultimo, la experiencia de este pais en materia de implementacion puede servir de guia para la busqueda de beneficiarios, el uso de las tecnologias de la informacion en los sistemas de seguridad social y la gestion de los recursos humanos.
Control of the Formation of Uridine Diphospho-N-acetyl-hexosamine and Glycoprotein Synthesis in Rat Liver

Abstract Rats fed a purified diet containing 1% orotic acid for 2 days accumulate large amounts of uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamine in the liver. This accumulation is not the result of a block in utilization of uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamine, but probably results from increased synthesis de novo. These rats appear to suffer from a defect in the feedback control of l-glutamine-d-fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase by uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine. The injection of glucosamine into control animals greatly reduces the synthesis de novo of glucosamine as measured by the incorporation of fructose into the glucosamine of uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine. Duazomycin A, a glutamine analogue, completely prevents the synthesis de novo of glucosamine derivatives in the liver by inhibiting the amidotransferase, and reduces liver uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamine levels by 85% in 4 hours. Duazomycin A does not significantly reduce either the conversion of glucosamine to uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamine or the utilization of available uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamine for glycoprotein synthesis. Duazomycin A does inhibit glycoprotein synthesis indirectly, however, by reducing the level of uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamine in the liver. This reduction can be prevented by the infusion of glucosamine.
Conjoint effect of physical stress and noise stress on information processing performance and cardiac response.

The conjoint effect of physical stress, induced by requiring subjects to run a treadmill, and 90 dB white noise stress was evaluated on information processing performance using a delayed digit recall subsidiary task measure and cardiac response. As anticipated, physical stress significantly raised heart rate, and noise stress significantly degraded information processing ability. The experiment failed to demonstrate a linearly additive relationship between noise and physical stress on either cardiac response or information processing performance.
A Review of “Creating Cistercian Nuns: The Women's Religious Movement and Its Reform in Thirteenth-Century Champagne”

The field of monastic studies has long needed a monograph that injects personality and intention into the lives of medieval nuns. In her book Creating Cistercian Nuns: The Women's Religious Movemen...
Carbodiimide-resistant membrane adenosine triphosphatase in mutants of Streptococcus faecalis. I. Studies of the mechanism of resistance.

We have isolated mutants of Streptococcus faecalis whose growth is resistant to inhibition by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD). These mutants were isolated by direct selection without using a mutagenic agent. It was found that the adenosine triphosphatase in plasma membrane preparations from all the mutant strains was about 100-fold less sensitive to inhibition by DCCD than the enzyme in wild type membranes. In addition the energized uptake of K+ and cycloleucine which is inhibited by DCCD in the wild type organism became resistant to DCCD inhibition in the mutant strain SF-dcc-8. These findings provide genetic evidence for the view that energized uptake of K+ and cycloleucine is coupled to the activity of the membrane ATPase. Sensitivity to DCCD requires that the ATPase be attached to the membrane. To define the site of mutation we studied the DCCD sensitivity of hybrid ATPase-nectin-membrane complexes reconstituted in vitro from isolated wild type and mutant components. When the complex was reconstituted with mutant ATPase, mutant nectin, and wild type depleted membranes, the enzyme was normally sensitive to DCCD. However, when mutant membranes were used for reconstitution the attached ATPase was insensitive to DCCD. These results indicate that in the mutant there is no alteration in either the ATPase or in nectin, the protein required to attach the enzyme to the membrane. It was concluded that resistance of the membrane ATPase to DCCD was due to a defective carbodiimide-sensitizing factor, the membrane component that mediates DCCD inhibition.
THE MULTIPLIER, THE ACCELERATOR, AND A KEYNESIAN VIEW OF THE BUSINESS CYCLE

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the impact that changes in investment, government spending, and saving have on income According to the multiplier principle, independent changes in planned investment, government expenditures, and consumption have a magnified impact on income. Income increases by some multiple of the initial change in spending. The multiplier is the number by which the initial investment is multiplied to obtain the total amplified increase in income. The size of the multiplier increases with the marginal propensity to consume. When resources are idle, each round of additional spending generated by the multiplier would expand real output and employment. When there are few idle resources, the increased spending would be inflationary. The Keynesian model points to a low level of investment, and aggregate demand, as the cause of a recession. The identification of the problem also suggests a solution. If aggregate demand is too low, public policy can be used to stimulate it. Association is not causation. The monetarists believe that changes in investment are the result—not the cause—of changes in the real gross national product. They believe that economic instability is the result of fluctuations in the supply of money.
Telephone-delivered health education and interpersonal counseling improve quality of life for Latinas with breast cancer and their supportive partners.

Objective This study aims to test two telephone-delivered interventions for their efficacy in improving quality of life (QOL) (psychological, physical, social, and spiritual) among Latinas with breast cancer and their family members or friends (labeled supportive partners in this study). Methods Latinas with breast cancer and their supportive partners (SPs) were randomly assigned to one of two telephone delivered 8-week interventions: (i) telephone interpersonal counseling (TIP-C) or (ii) telephone health education (THE). QOL assessments were made at baseline, immediately after the 8-week interventions ended, and at an 8-week follow-up. Seventy Latinas and their 70 SPs completed all assessments (36 in health education and 34 in counseling) and were included in the final analysis. Results Both Latinas with breast cancer and their SPs had significant improvements in virtually all dimensions of QOL over the 16 weeks of the investigation. However, there was no evidence documenting the superiority of either intervention for improving QOL. Preliminary cost analysis found that the counseling intervention cost about $164.68 for one dyad compared with $107.03 for health education. The majority of participants reported benefit from the intervention and liked that the intervention was in Spanish, included SPs, and was delivered by telephone. Conclusion The results of this study show that relatively brief, culturally appropriate, and highly accessible telephone-delivered interventions that provide emotional and information support can bring about substantial improvements in QOL for both Latinas with breast cancer and their SPs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A functional link between the co-translational protein translocation pathway and the UPR

Upon endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the transmembrane endoribonuclease Ire1α performs mRNA cleavage reactions to increase the ER folding capacity. It is unclear how the low abundant Ire1α efficiently finds and cleaves the majority of mRNAs at the ER membrane. Here, we reveal that Ire1α forms a complex with the Sec61 translocon to cleave its mRNA substrates. We show that Ire1α's key substrate, XBP1u mRNA, is recruited to the Ire1α-Sec61 translocon complex through its nascent chain, which contains a pseudo-transmembrane domain to utilize the signal recognition particle (SRP)-mediated pathway. Depletion of SRP, the SRP receptor or the Sec61 translocon in cells leads to reduced Ire1α-mediated splicing of XBP1u mRNA. Furthermore, mutations in Ire1α that disrupt the Ire1α-Sec61 complex causes reduced Ire1α-mediated cleavage of ER-targeted mRNAs. Thus, our data suggest that the Unfolded Protein Response is coupled with the co-translational protein translocation pathway to maintain protein homeostasis in the ER during stress conditions.
TGF-β: A New Role for an Old AktTOR

Nutrient overabundance is known to promote cellular hypertrophy, a significant pathological event in diseases like diabetes and cancer, although mechanisms have remained unclear. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Wu and Derynck provide a new model that links metabolism and cell growth by demonstrating that hyperglycemia can increase TGF-β-dependent activation of the mTOR pathway to promote cellular hyperplasia.
High-performance inverted top-emitting green electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with a modified top Ag anode

Abstract Green electrophosphorescent inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes with a Ag/1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) anode are demonstrated. A high current efficacy of 124.7 cd/A is achieved at a luminance of 100 cd/m2 when an optical outcoupling layer of N,N′-di-[(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl]-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (α-NPD) is deposited on the anode. The devices have a low turn-on voltage of 3.0 V and exhibit low current efficacy roll-off through luminance values up to 10,000 cd/m2. The angle dependent spectra show deviation from Lambertian emission and color change with viewing angle. Hole-dominated devices with Ag/HAT-CN electrodes show current densities up to three orders of magnitude higher than devices without HAT-CN.
Team-RUP: agent-based simulation of team behaviour in software development organisations

This paper presents a simulation study that explores the effects of team behaviour on the efficiency and effectiveness of software development organisations that pursue incremental and iterative processes such as Rational Unified Process (RUP). The research vehicle is an agent-based model that organises teams according to the degree of autonomy in collaboration and the degree of concurrency in coordination, resulting in distinct team archetypes. We present the insights gained about the effectiveness and efficiency of team archetypes in response to various levels of task complexity and stability, as well as team size and workload factors.
Characterization of Engineered Actin Binding Proteins That Control Filament Assembly and Structure

Background Eukaryotic cells strictly regulate the structure and assembly of their actin filament networks in response to various stimuli. The actin binding proteins that control filament assembly are therefore attractive targets for those who wish to reorganize actin filaments and reengineer the cytoskeleton. Unfortunately, the naturally occurring actin binding proteins include only a limited set of pointed-end cappers, or proteins that will block polymerization from the slow-growing end of actin filaments. Of the few that are known, most are part of large multimeric complexes that are challenging to manipulate. Methodology/Principal Findings We describe here the use of phage display mutagenesis to generate of a new class of binding protein that can be targeted to the pointed-end of actin. These proteins, called synthetic antigen binders (sABs), are based on an antibody-like scaffold where sequence diversity is introduced into the binding loops using a novel “reduced genetic code” phage display library. We describe effective strategies to select and screen for sABs that ensure the generated sABs bind to the pointed-end surface of actin exclusively. Conclusions/Significance From our set of pointed-end binders, we identify three sABs with particularly useful properties to systematically probe actin dynamics: one protein that caps the pointed end, a second that crosslinks actin filaments, and a third that severs actin filaments and promotes disassembly.
Sparse signal representations using the tunable Q-factor wavelet transform

The tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT) is a fully-discrete wavelet transform for which the Q-factor, Q, of the underlying wavelet and the asymptotic redundancy (over-sampling rate), r, of the transform are easily and independently specified. In particular, the specified parameters Q and r can be real-valued. Therefore, by tuning Q, the oscillatory behavior of the wavelet can be chosen to match the oscillatory behavior of the signal of interest, so as to enhance the sparsity of a sparse signal representation. The TQWT is well suited to fast algorithms for sparsity-based inverse problems because it is a Parseval frame, easily invertible, and can be efficiently implemented using radix-2 FFTs. The TQWT can also be used as an easily-invertible discrete approximation of the continuous wavelet transform.
Feature guides: improving usability for end users

In this paper, we describe the efforts of Juniper Networks to implement a Feature Guide documentation manual and discuss the usability merits of this documentation method.
Fate of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in sterile soils inoculated with the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium: Mineralization, volatilization and depletion of PCP

Abstract The fate of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in three sterile soils inoculated with a white-rot basidiomycete, Phanerocaete chrysosporium , was investigated. Mineralization and volatilization of PCP and its transformation products and residual PCP concentration were measured for 2-months from soil microcosms inoculated with P. chrysosporium or left non-inoculated. There was a dramatic decrease (ave. decrease 98%) in the cxtractable PCP concentration in inoculated soils compared to that in non-inoculated soils (ave. decrease 43%). In the three inoculated soils, the greatest loss of PCP was during the first week. Initial rates of PCP depletion varied by soil. Differences among these soils in quantities of soil nutrients available for fungal growth, particularly carbon and nitrogen, may have been indirectly responsible for the differences by influencing the rates of soil colonization. Pentachlorophenol mineralized or evolved as volatile products was slight in the three soils. Our results suggest that P. chrysosporium removes PCP per se from soils primarily by converting it to non-volatile products. The nature of the products, whether they arc cxtractable or soil-bound, is greatly influenced by soil type.
Observations on the Susceptibility of Sooty Mangabeys(Cercocebus Fuliginosus) and a Baboon (Papio Papio)to Poliomyelitis

2. Trask, J. D., and Paul, J. R. 1941, J. Exper. Med. 73:453-459. 3. Landsteiner, K., and Popper, E. 1909. Ztschr. f. Immunitatsforsch u. exper. Therap., Orig. 2:377-390. 4. van Rooyen, C. E., and Morgan, A. D. 1943, Edinburg M. J. 50: 705-720. 5. Paul, J. R. 1944, Yale J. Biol, and Med. 16: 461-466. 6. Paul, J. R., Havens, W. P., and van Rooyen, C. E. 1944, Brit. M. J, 1: 841-843. 7. Jungeblut, C. W. 1946, Personal communication.
Seasonal Sediment Yield to Mark Twain Lake, Missouri

Average seasonal suspended sediment yields to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Gage, Station No. 05507500, OWDC No. 07367, on the Salt River near Monroe City, Missouri were calculated by deriving linear regressions between suspended sediment concentration and streamflows, computing sediment load, and using mean weighted streamflows to compute average seasonal suspended sediment loads. The average calculated seasonal suspended sediment loads are spring, 881,000 tons; summer, 117,00 tons; fall, 82,000 tons; and winter, 135,000 tons. Seasonal displays are further subdivided into the major grain size fractions clay, silt, and sand.
A new test for linkage in affected sib pairs

In affected sib pair linkage methods the mean proportion of marker alleles shared identical by descent (ibd) among affected sib pairs has been shown to be a powerful test for detecting linkage compared with other tests for most situations. However, it is not always possible to estimate identity by descent sharing between sibs unambiguously, even when the parental genotypes are known. Here we define a measure of informativity for scoring ibd sharing based on the parental mating and sib pair genotypes. This measure reflects the precision with which one can obtain the ibd sharing information between sibs based on family data. Then we define a new weighted mean proportion of alleles shared ibd by sib pairs test statistics. In this study we assign precision for estimating the ibd sharing as weights to the proportion of alleles shared ibd by affected sib pairs. However, the simulation results showed that there is no significant gain in power using the weighted mean proportion test. Implications of this observation are discussed.
Ultrahigh-vacuum in situ electrochemistry with solid polymer electrolyte and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of polypyrrole

A new in situ combined electrochemistry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique using solid polymer electrolytes has been used to characterize electrically conducting films of polypyrrole perchlorate. The technique allows in situ electrochemical oxidation and reduction (doping and undoping) in ultrahigh vacuum and the simultaneous study of the polymer with XPS as a function of its electrochemical potential. We demonstrate that some anion species interact strongly electrostatically with the nitrogen heteroatoms. We also show conclusively that the electrochemistry of polypyrrole is highly irreversible.
How Sensitive is U.S.-Canadian Trade to the Exchange Rate: Evidence from Industry Data

Previous research has followed four distinct paths to investigate the impact of currency depreciation on the trade balance of a country, using mostly aggregate trade data. In this paper we choose one of those paths and consider the trade between the U.S. and Canada. However, unlike previous research we disaggregate the trade data between the two countries by commodity and consider 152 industries that trade. After estimating inpayment and outpayment schedules for all 152 industries, we find that real depreciation has short-run effects on inpayments of 72 and outpayments of 53 industries. However, the short-run effects translate into the long-run effects only in 43 of inpayment models and 36 of outpayment models. Further analysis reveals that 1% real depreciation of the U.S. dollar has 1.29% positive effects on the U.S. net export earnings.
Cardiac tissue development for delivery of embryonic stem cell‐derived endothelial and cardiac cells in natural matrices

The packaging and delivery of cells for cardiac regeneration has been explored using a variety biomaterials and delivery methods, but these studies often ignore one or more important design factors critical for rebuilding cardiac tissue. These include the biomaterial architecture, strength and stiffness, cell alignment, and/or incorporation of multiple cell types. In this article, we explore the combinatorial use of decellularized tissues, moldable hydrogels, patterned cell-seeding, and cell-sheet engineering and find that a combination of these methods is optimal in the recreation of transplantable cardiac-like tissue in vivo. We show that decellularized urinary bladder matrix (UBM), that is compliant and suturable, supports the survival of cell cultures but does not allow maintenance of cell-to-cell contacts of transferred cell-sheets (presumably, due to its rough surface). Moreover, the UBM material must be filled with hyaluronan (HA) hydrogels for smoothing rough surfaces and allowing the delivery of greater cell numbers. We additionally incorporated our previously developed "wrinkled" microchip for inducing alignment of cardiac cells with a laser-etched mask for co-seeding patterned "channels" of cells. This article also introduces a novel method of plasma coating for cell-sheet engineering that compares well with electron bean irradiation methods and may be combined with our "wrinkled" surfaces to facilitate the alignment of cardiac cells into sheets. Our data shows that an optimal design for generating cardiac tissue would include (1) decellularized matrix seeded with endothelial cells in a HA layered with (2) prealigned cardiac cell-sheets fabricated using our "wrinkled" microchips and thermo-responsive polymer [poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)] cell sheet transfer system.
Quasi-linear four-atomic molecules in the vibron model

Abstract We study the transition from linear to bent four-atomic molecules within the framework of the vibron model. We consider quasi-linear molecules and analyze the “classcal” case of fulminic acid (HCNO). The algebraic force-field constants we obtain can be used to make predictions for further investigations of this molecule.
Seizure During Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Carbon Monoxide Toxicity: A Case Series and Five-year Experience

Abstract Background: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is recommended to reduce the delayed neurologic sequelae resulting from carbon monoxide (CO) toxicity. Although HBO is generally well tolerated, there exists a risk of seizure in all patients that may be increased in patients with predisposing factors including: fever, hypothermia, prior seizure, or brain injury. Case Report: We present two cases of patients without known risk factors who experienced seizures associated with HBO therapy during treatment for CO toxicity. Conclusion: This facility's 5-year experience and a review of the germane literature are also presented to elucidate the risk factors and incidence of seizures in patients treated with HBO for CO toxicity.
The ovoimplantation of Microcebus murinus miller (primates, lemuroidea, strepsirhini)

The process of nidation of Microcebus murinus may be subdivided into several stages (preadhesion, apposition, attachment and invasion), as is indicated for protracted phases of preimplantation. Not until the apposition stage does the inner cell mass orient itself orthomesometrially, while concurrently a nidation plaque develops in the abembryonal trophoblast that overlies and resorbs the coalescent glands. During the subsequent adhesion stage, the paraembryonal, bilaminar omphalochorion becomes attached to the uterine epithelium, with focal resorption of the latter. In addition, chorionic vesicles begin to develop. In the meantime, the embryonic disc has lost its trophoblastic cover as a preliminary to the formation of the pleuramnion. The formation of a nidation plaque, together with the subsequent central implantation of Microcebus, suggests a close relationship to Loris tardigradus, characterizing the mode of implantation of Strepsirhini. The nidation plaque and its invasive capacity, giving rise to a syndesmochorial placental nucleus, provide a placentological link to Galago demidovii.
A measure-theoretic Grothendieck inequality

Abstract In this note we develop a notion of integration with respect to a bimeasure μ that allows integration of functions in the projective tensor product L 2 ( ν 1 ) ⊗ ˆ L 2 ( ν 2 ) , where ν 1 and ν 2 are Grothendieck measures for μ. This integral, which agrees with the standard notion of integration with respect to a bimeasure, allows us to integrate inner products and provides a generalization of the Grothendieck inequality to a measure-theoretic setting.
A Dendritic Macrocyclic Organic Polyradical with a Very High Spin of S=10.

Designed as a ferromagnetically coupled spin pentamer, the macrocyclic polyradical 1 possesses an average spin of S=10 in the ground state. This is the highest spin quantum number that has yet been measured for an organic molecule. Ar=tBuC6 H4 .
Spontaneous mutants of the adenovirus-simian virus 40 hybrid, Ad2+ND3, that grow efficiently in monkey cells

Abstract An attempt was made to isolate spontaneous mutants of adenovirus type 2 and of the adenovirus-SV40 hybrids, Ad2 + ND3 and Ad2 + ND5, that would grow efficiently on monkey cells. Virus stocks were serially passaged through the semipermissive established monkey libe CV-1. After five serial passages in the absence of intentional mutagenesis, only stocks of Ad2 + ND3 yielded significant numbers of variants that plaqued with similar efficiency on human and on monkey cell monolayers. Four independent Ad2 + ND3 variants, designated hr600, hr601, hr602, and hr603, have been isolated and partially characterized. Each grows and plaques on CV-1 monolayers with at least 100-fold greater efficiency than does the parent Ad2 + ND3. No differences was found between the genomes of these variants and the genome of parental Ad2 + ND3 by restriction enzyme analysis or by the analysis of heteroduplexes between Ad2 + ND3 (or variant) DNA and DNA of the hybrid Ad2 + ND1. Monkey cells infected with each of the variants synthesize as much fiber protein and component IIIa protein as do monkey cells productively infected with Ad2 + ND1. Phenotypically, these variants resemble adenovirus 2 host-range variants selected by Klessig ( J. Virol. 21 , 1243–1246, 1977) after nitrous acid treatment of adenovirus 2 stocks.
Prenatal Betamethasone Effects on Postmenstrual Age at Last Apnea and Discharge in Preterm Infants

Prenatal Betamethasone Effects on Postmenstrual Age at Last Apnea and Discharge in Preterm Infants
Visitor Attitudes toward Tourism Development and Product Integration in an Australian Urban-Rural Fringe

A cluster analysis involving 1,244 visitors to six popular recreational sites in the hinterland of Australia’s Gold Coast revealed diverse attitudes toward tourism development and product integration in this urban-rural fringe, although biocentric tendencies and a desire to maintain the hinterland in its present condition were dominant in all clusters. Hinterland protectives (n = 206) are not supportive of integrating the hinterland with the Gold Coast tourism product, while hinterland sharers (n = 406) strongly support integration and increased visitation. Hinterland neutrals (n = 231) do not have strong opinions about this issue, and integration ambivalents (n = 345) are caught between the desire to preserve and integrate the hinterland. Significant differences between the clusters were identified by site, motivation, group size, repeat visitation, duration of visit, age, residence, and education. These results indicate distinct dynamics in the urban-rural fringe and will potentially assist the sustaina...
AXIAL ROTATION OF ERYTHRINA HERBACEA LEAFLETS

A B S T R A C T The leaflets of Erythrina herbacea, a leguminous plant native to subtropical North America, undergo daily movements. During the night, leaflets are oriented with their tips pointing downwards and show no rotation around the midrib of each leaflet. In the morning, leaflets rise, passing through a horizontal orientation and, somewhat before noon, reach a maximum average midrib elevation of approximately sixty degrees above the horizontal plane. Simultaneously, each leaflet rotates about the midrib by an average angle of forty to fifty degrees. These leaflet movements result in an initial increase in the relative leaflet surface area presented to the sun during the morning, a decrease in interception of direct solar radiation around noon, followed by a second maximum in light interception in early afternoon. LEAVES OR LEAFLETS of plants from a large number of families show some degree of helionastism or solar tracking ability (Darwin, 1881; Yin, 1938; Dubetz, 1969; Wainwright, 1977; Schwartz and Koller, 1978; Shackel and Hall, 1979; Ehleringer and Forseth, 1980; Forseth and Ehleringer, 1980, 1982). Darwin (1881) identified two distinct types of solar orientation: diahelionastic movements, in which leaf surfaces orient transversely to the direct solar radiation and thus maximize interception of radiation; and parahelionastic movements, in which leaf surfaces orient with edges facing the direction of incoming radiation and thus minimize interception of radiation. Darwin (1881) described parahelionastic movements as those in which leaves "when exposed to an intense and injurious amount of light direct themselves, by rising or sinking or twisting, so as to be less intensely illuminated." Recent investigations (Shackel and Hall, 1979; Forseth and Ehleringer, 1980, 1982) have shown that parahelionastic movement is associated with drought stress and changes in xylem water potential which result from exposure to direct solar radiation. The genus Erythrina comprise approximately 108 tropical and subtropical species of leguminous plants with trifoliate compound leaves. Each leaflet is large (typically 5 cm to 15 cm long) and flat, characteristics which fa
Eustachian tube dysfunction after tobacco smoke exposure.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of tobacco smoke exposure on eustachian tube (ET) function.STUDY DESIGN: ET pressures of Sprague Dawley Rats (n = 16) were measured after 1, 7, and 15 exposures an...
Rescaled coherent state theory of the λ-transition in liquid He4

Abstract The quantum partition function for the interacting boson system is calculated using a complete set of rescaled coherent states in which the helium atom occupation numbers are rescaled with a large scale factor. There are terms in the statistical weights that do not vanish in the limit of infinite scale factor. These scale independent terms are shown to be in the familiar form of the Ginzburg-Landau model, and are explained as the result of condensation.
Perceptual transformations in vision and hearing

This paper presents a history and comparison of the illusions occurring with three types of unchanging patterns of stimulation: (1) visually ambiguous figures; (2) stabilized retinal images; (3) repeated spoken words. Photographs are presented showing that perceptually unstable ambiguous figures of considerable complexity and subtlety were constructed as mosaics in classical times. It is suggested that the ancient practice of scrying may be related to changes observed with stabilized retinal images. While illusory changes heard when listening to a recording of a repeated word have been compared with changes occurring with ambiguous figures and with stabilized retinal images, it is argued that such comparisons have been misleading. While these three illusions have in common the replacement of one perceptual form by another with continued stimulation, the types of perceptual reorganization corresponding to these changes are specific for each of these illusions, and can provide information concerning the nature of special strategies used with the different stimuli. Examples are given of how verbal transformations can reveal mechanisms used for processing of speech. Finally, some comparisons are made concerning the usefulness of studying illusions in man and in machines.
Delayed extrusion of hydroxyapatite cement after transpetrosal reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: Use of hydroxyapatite cement has been advocated for closure of transpetrosal defects to decrease the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leaks. We previously identified delayed extrusion of this cement as a significant complication associated with this closure technique and now update our long-term experience. METHODS: In our retrospective review, we identified 1231 patients who underwent transpetrosal procedures by our multidisciplinary cranial base team between 1984 and 2005. Of the subgroup of 177 patients who had hydroxyapatite cement used during the closure of the procedure, 13 patients (7.3%) experienced delayed extrusion of hydroxyapatite cement. RESULTS: Extrusion occurred in 3 patients within 12 months and in 10 patients within 68 to 140 months. Twelve patients presented with draining fistulae and concomitant Staphylococcus aureus infection; 1 patient presented asymptomatically with a large temporal lobe abscess identified on surveillance magnetic resonance imaging. All 13 patients underwent reoperation, including 1 who underwent a second procedure. CONCLUSION: Delayed extrusion of hydroxyapatite cement resulted in significant morbidity to our patients and often presented in an indolent manner. We recommend serial examination and imaging studies in patients who have had transpetrosal closures with hydroxyapatite cement. Because of the complication rates associated with hydroxyapatite cement, we have discontinued its use.
Odontoid hypoplasia with vertebral cervical subluxation and ventriculomegaly in metatropic dysplasia

Our experience with 12 patients with metatropic dysplasia has demonstrated two important and treatable complications: odontoid hypoplasia with subluxation of the first and second cervical vertebrae, and ventriculomegaly. Hypoplasia and lack of ossification of the odontoid process were noted in all cases. Subluxation of these two vertebrae was demonstrated in all six patients who had lateral fiexion-extension radiographs; three had subluxation even in a neutral position, and sudden odontoid dislocation developed in another after a simple fall. Four individuals have had surgical fusion of the cervical vertebrae; one child died suddenly, 1 week before scheduled surgery. In the three patients in whom computed tomography scans of the head were obtained, enlarged ventricles were found; one had symptomatic increased intracranial pressure and required a shunt. We recommed that odontoid hypoplasia be evaluated in all patients with metatropic dysplasia. If subluxation is proved, atiantoaxial fusion should be performed before damage to the cervical part of the spinal cord results. Serial head circumference measurements and evaluation for hydrocephalus are also recommended.
Bone mineralization in preterm infants fed human milk with and without mineral supplementation

The bone mineral status of healthy preterm infants fed maternal milk was compared with that of similar infants fed maternal milk with mineral supplementation. Fifty infants with birth weight
Enhanced visual feedback for slip prevention with a prosthetic hand.

Background:Upper limb amputees have no direct sense of the grip force applied by a prosthetic hand; thus, precise control of the applied grip force is difficult for amputees. Since there is little object deformation when rigid objects are grasped, it is difficult for amputees to visually gauge the applied grip force in this situation.Objectives:To determine if the applied grip force from a prosthetic hand can be visually displayed and used to more efficaciously grasp objects.Study Design:Experimental controlled trial.Methods:Force feedback is used in the control algorithm for the prosthetic hand and supplied visually to the user through a bicolor LED experimentally mounted to the thumb. Several experiments are performed by able-bodied test subjects to rate the usefulness of the additional visual feedback when manipulating a clearly visible, brittle object that can break if grasped too firmly. A hybrid force-velocity sliding mode controller is used with and without additional visual force feedback supplied...
Taking educational research to school.

The 17 July Reviews by A. N. Meltzoff et al. (“Foundations for a new science of learning,” p. [284][1]) and J. D. E. Gabrieli (“Dyslexia: A new synergy between education and cognitive neuroscience,” p. [280][2]) summarize the enormous progress that has been made in understanding the behavioral and neurobiological bases of learning and dyslexia, respectively. What is remarkable is how little of this research has penetrated educational practice. Teachers are not exposed to this research as part of their training. I often speak with teachers who are surprised that a science of reading exists, not to mention a science of learning linking brain and behavior. Educational theories rely on the work of a small number of psychologists (such as Lev Vygotsky and Jerome Bruner) whose research predates the modern era in cognitive neuroscience. In the case of dyslexia, many school systems do not even recognize that the condition exists. Parents of dyslexic children are routinely told that a child who can speak should be able to read, that the parents have not encouraged reading enough in the home, or that “dyslexia” reflects the medicalization of normal variation. The approximately 25% of American 8th graders who read below even the basic level ([ 1 ][3]) includes many dyslexics who have not been identified in the schools and provided with appropriate remediation. It is admirable that the authors attempted to spell out the educational implications of the research. Whether the educators are prepared to act on this information, or even understand it, is another question. The institutional and ideological barriers to linking science and education are substantial, as are the costs to society. 1. [↵][4] National Assessment of Educational Progress (2007); . [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1175626 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1171999 [3]: #ref-1 [4]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text"
A process for technology assessment based on decision analysis

Abstract By combining methods of technology assessment with principles of decision analysis, one can obtain a decision-focused technology assessment process. The key feature of the process is an iterative cycle consisting of deterministic, probabilistic, and informational analyses. Application of the process produces a quantitative decision model and encourages a systematic, rigorous study of key issues.