cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lithified carbonate sediment and zeolitic tuff in basalts, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge

Basaltic boulders dredged from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge contain lithified coccolith-foraminiferal ooze in fractures and small pockets. Textural and isotopic studies of this sediment provide no evidence for high temperature metamorphism. The lithified carbonate sediment occurs together with palagonitized basaltic glass and zeolitic tuff, and appears to have been squeezed into cracks and other voids within the congealed margins of partly-cooled basalt pillows which intruded soft carbonate ooze. Thermal metamorphism probably was precluded by rapid heat dissipation in convecting pore waters and by the thermal stability of calcareous microplankton. Low temperature alteration of basaltic glass appears to have provided the chemical milieu for precipitation of calcite cement as well as zeolites in the sediment.
Note on Sums of Squares of Consecutive Odd Integers

Abstract : In the latest of a series of papers, Brother U. Alfred has investigated the conditions under which the sum of the squares of N consecutive odd integers can be a square. He derives several theorems to eliminate many values of N, and finds solutions for other values. Eight numbers below 1000 (193, 564, 577, 601, 673, 724, 772, 913) remain unresolved. Also, in his table of solutions there are 17 values for which the solution exceeds 10 digits, and one contains 34 digits. In this note the eight cases will be resolved, and solutions will be presented for the 17 cases, only one of which contains as many as 7 digits. A systematic procedure for finding these solutions will be demonstrated.
State Restructuring and Local Power in Japan

Western understanding of the postwar evolution of states in advanced capitalist societies envisions a moment of fundamental transition beginning in the mid-1970s indexed by reduced government spending, the privatization of public services and increased inequality among local governments. Regulation theory sees the process as a transition from a Keynesian welfare state to a Schumpeterian workfare state necessitated by the shift from a Fordist to a post Fordist regime of capital accumulation. Japan, a member of the OECD, and the world's second largest economy, doesn't fit the political-economic trends nor the model put forward by Western regulation theorists. Japan has not experienced the decline in state spending, privatization of public activity, and rising inequality among local governments characterizing Western OECD nations. The Japanese have selectively incorporated Keynesian and Schumpeterian ideas but in a spirit much closer to writers associated with the German historical school, and always within a framework rooted in Japan's own historical traditions and exigencies. We document Japan's departure from the Western model of state restructuring and explore the theoretical implications.
Robotics in urologic surgery: An evolving new technology

Rapid technological developments in the past two decades have produced new inventions such as robots and incorporated them into our daily lives. Today, robots perform vital functions in homes, outer space, hospitals and on military instillations. The development of robotic surgery has given hospitals and health care providers a valuable tool that is making a profound impact on highly technical surgical procedures. The field of urology is one area of medicine that has adopted and incorporated robotic surgery into its armamentarium. Innovative robotic urologic surgical applications and techniques are being developed and reported everyday. Increased utilization and development will ultimately fuel the discovery of newer applications of robotic systems in urologic surgery. Herein we provide an overview of the history, development, and applications of robotics in surgery with a focus on urologic surgery.
Genome-wide screen for oxalate-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Oxalic acid is an important virulence factor produced by phytopathogenic filamentous fungi. In order to discover yeast genes whose orthologs in the pathogen may confer self-tolerance and whose plant orthologs may protect the host, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion library consisting of 4,827 haploid mutants harboring deletions in nonessential genes was screened for growth inhibition and survival in a rich medium containing 30 mM oxalic acid at pH 3. A total of 31 mutants were identified that had significantly lower cell yields in oxalate medium than in an oxalate-free medium. About 35% of these mutants had not previously been detected in published screens for sensitivity to sorbic or citric acid. Mutants impaired in endosomal transport, the rgp1Δ, ric1Δ, snf7Δ, vps16Δ, vps20Δ, and vps51Δ mutants, were significantly overrepresented relative to their frequency among all verified yeast open reading frames. Oxalate exposure to a subset of five mutants, the drs2Δ, vps16Δ, vps51Δ, ric1Δ, and rib4Δ mutants, was lethal. With the exception of the rib4Δ mutant, all of these mutants are impaired in vesicle-mediated transport. Indirect evidence is provided suggesting that the sensitivity of the rib4Δ mutant, a riboflavin auxotroph, is due to oxalate-mediated interference with riboflavin uptake by the putative monocarboxylate transporter Mch5.
Using composite bonding in oral and maxillofacial surgical office practice.

Objective Composite bonding plays a significant role in all phases of dental practice from orthodontics to restorative dentistry and even endodontics, yet, at the present time has had limited use by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The purpose of this article is 3-fold: to recommend a material for bonding and the method of application for composites; to describe the requirements of the orthodontist when referring a patient for the uncovering of teeth because this is usually the surgeon’s primary, if not only, experience with bonding; and to describe situations that may present in the office that will benefit with the use of composite bonding. Patients and Methods Patients with various problems requiring the stabilization of teeth are presented and in a number of cases the effectiveness of the wired bar and the bonded bar is compared. These cases include the management of dentoalveolar fractures, avulsed or displaced teeth, its application to porcelain restorations without ill effects, and other situations that may arise in the office where fixation and stabilization of teeth is mandatory for success. Results Composite bonding provides the most effective method of stabilizing and immobilizing teeth with successful results in almost all cases. On the other hand, the wired arch bar and other wire combinations, which at the present time is the primary, if not the only treatment for these cases, are second to it from all aspects. Conclusion The successful results with composite bonding along with its case of placement without pain or bleeding or psychological stress on the patient or operator warrants consideration by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon for greater utilization of this material in his office.
Does late PCI improve long-term arterial patency and LV function in patients with arterial occlusion after MI?

Does late PCI improve long-term arterial patency and LV function in patients with arterial occlusion after MI?
Establishment of Tribolium as a Genetic Model System and Its Early Contributions to Evo-Devo

IN the fall of 1986 my colleague, Dick Beeman, sat in my office at Kansas State University and told me a fascinating story. He worked at what was then called the U. S. Grain Marketing Research Laboratory, a U. S. Department of Agriculture facility about a mile from campus. He was trained as an insect toxicologist, but to aid in his research he had become a self-taught geneticist using the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Beeman told me about interesting data he had regarding the juxtaposition in Tribolium of the apparent orthologs of genes in the Antennapedia and bithorax complexes (Beeman 1987). He had heard me speak about the Drosophila complexes and recombinationally mapped putative orthologs in Tribolium. This interaction inspired my involvement, with many others, in the development of Tribolium as a genetic model system, and the use of this beetle for work on the evolution of developmental mechanisms (evo-devo). I will provide evidence that Tribolium now represents the third best (after Drosophila and Caenorhabditis) invertebrate for genetic and molecular studies. I will argue for the importance of genetically tractable insect systems other than Drosophila, especially given the derived nature of fly morphology. Although it is specialized in many ways, Tribolium is nevertheless relatively ancestral with regard to many morphological features and developmental events. Somewhat artificially, I am going to separate its growth as a model system from its contributions to evo-devo, where I will concentrate on studies of the Hox cluster.
A New Angle on Strophomenid Paleoecology: Trace-Fossil Evidence of an Escape Response for the Plectambonitoid Brachiopod Sowerbyella rugosa from a Tempestite in the Upper Ordovician Kope Formation (Edenian) of Northern Kentucky

Abstract A uniquely preserved occurrence of the plectambonitoid brachiopod Sowerbyella rugosa from the Upper Ordovician of Northern Kentucky shows several individuals preserved in direct association with burrow-like structures and oriented with the commissural plane vertical and the hinge line down in the upper laminated siltstone of a tempestite bed. Two types of structures are present: (1) structures that document translational motion of convex-up brachiopods to the surface, then rotation to a vertical position with the commissure near the sediment-water interface; and (2) structures that show slightly longer-term occupation and sediment clearing around the brachiopods before they expired in the post-storm accumulation of fine mud. The abilities demonstrated by these individuals require a rethinking of the helpless-strophomenid paradigm. The peculiar plectambonitoid traits, mantle threads (as evidenced by interarea canals) and external mantle flaps (as evidenced by comae) were unlikely to have contribut...
Data Wrangling: The Challenging Yourney from the Wild to the Lake.

Much has been written about the explosion of data, also known as the “data deluge”. Similarly, much of today's research and decision making are based on the de facto acceptance that knowledge and insight can be gained from analyzing and contextualizing the vast (and growing) amount of “open” or “raw” data. The concept that the large number of data sources available today facilitates analyses on combinations of heterogeneous information that would not be achievable via “siloed” data maintained in warehouses is very powerful. The term data lake has been coined to convey the concept of a centralized repository containing virtually inexhaustible amounts of raw (or minimally curated) data that is readily made available anytime to anyone authorized to perform analytical activities. The often unstated premise of a data lake is that it relieves users from dealing with data acquisition and maintenance issues, and guarantees fast access to local, accurate and updated data without incurring development costs (in terms of time and money) typically associated with structured data warehouses. However appealing this premise, practically speaking, it is our experience, and that of our customers, that “raw” data is logistically difficult to obtain, quite challenging to interpret and describe, and tedious to maintain. Furthermore, these challenges multiply as the number of sources grows, thus increasing the need to thoroughly describe and curate the data in order to make it consumable. In this paper, we present and describe some of the challenges inherent in creating, filling, maintaining, and governing a data lake, a set of processes that collectively define the actions of data wrangling, and we propose that what is really needed is a curated data lake, where the lake contents have undergone a curation process that enable its use and deliver the promise of ad-hoc data accessibility to users beyond the enterprise IT staff.
The Ideal Multifunctional Constructural Material

A multifactor optimization technique is used to define a multifunctional material that serves not only as a structural material but also as a sound and heat controlling material as well. The feasibility of satisfying certain structural, sound transmission and heat transmission requirements with a single homogeneous material is investigated.
Productivity and quality of hospitals that joined the Medicare Shared Savings Accountable Care Organization Program

AbstractThe productivity and quality of the first hospitals to join the Medicare Shared Savings Accountable Care Organization (ACO) Program are evaluated in this study. These ACO hospitals are compared to similar hospitals in a two-part analysis. Part one compares the productivity of ACO hospitals between 2008 and 2012 to similar hospitals using data envelopment analysis. Productivity is decomposed into technical efficiency and innovation changes. Part two analyzes how hospitals compare on quality indicators from the 2012 Hospital Compare survey. Hospitals that joined Medicare's ACO Program were found to be more productive than non-ACO hospitals between 2008 and 2012, driven entirely by gains in technical efficiency. All hospitals saw a decline in innovation during the time period. ACO hospitals were also more likely to be high performers in both productivity and quality measures. These results suggest hospitals that joined the ACO Program were those most likely to succeed in a program that rewards effici...
Abstract 176: Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the SFO in Fluid Balance and Metabolic Effects of Brain Renin-Angiotensin System Activation

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been identified as important contributors to neurological diseases and have been implicated in mediating hypothalamic inflammation and the hypertensive response to angiotensin II. We examined the role of ER stress and the UPR in the metabolic and fluid balance effects of brain angiotensin in two mouse models: 1) “sRA” transgenic mice (expressing human renin in neurons via the synapsin promoter crossed with human angiotensinogen via its own promoter), and 2) DOCA-salt treated C57BL/6J mice. Both DOCA-salt and sRA mice exhibit hyperactivity of the brain RAS, suppression of circulating RAS, hypertension, polydipsia, and an elevated resting metabolic rate. We examined the accumulation of UPR biomarker CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) by immunocytochemistry in the brain of both models. CHOP is considered a marker of chronic ER stress. Increased CHOP immunoreactivity was evident in the subfornical organ (SFO) of sRA mice but was absent in non-transgenic (NT) and CHOP-/- mice. There was also increased CHOP immunoreactivity in the SFO of DOCA-salt mice compared with untreated controls. Next, we infused the ER stress-reducing chemical chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, 5.28 ug/day, or aCSF vehicle) to assess if ER stress is mechanistically related to the hypertension, polydipsia, and elevated resting metabolic rate observed in both models. ICV TUDCA (3-5 day pretreatment then continuously for 3 wks) significantly attenuated the polydipsia (aCSF 20.7±0.9 vs TUDCA 10.8±1.0 mL/day, P
Hydroxyl radical formation from bacteria-assisted Fenton chemistry at neutral pH under environmentally relevant conditions

Environmental context Reactions in natural waters such as lakes and streams are thought to be extremely slow in the absence of sunlight (e.g. at night). We demonstrate that in the presence of iron, hydrogen peroxide and certain bacteria (all of which are common in natural waters), certain reactions may occur surprisingly quickly. These findings will help us predict the fate of many compounds, including pollutants, in natural waters at night. Abstract Dark Fenton chemistry is an important source of hydroxyl radicals (OH•) in natural waters in the absence of sunlight. Hydroxyl radical production by this process is very slow in many bodies of water, owing to slow reduction and low solubility of FeIII at neutral and near-neutral pH. We have investigated the effects of the iron-reducing bacteria Shewanella oneidensis (SO) on OH• production rates from Fenton chemistry at environmentally relevant hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron concentrations at neutral pH. In the presence of 2.0 × 10–4M H2O2, OH• production rates increased from 1.3 × 10–10 to 2.0 × 10–10Ms–1 in the presence of 7.0 × 106cellsmL–1 SO when iron (at a concentration of 100μM) was in the form of FeII, and from 3.6 × 10–11 to 2.2 × 10–10Ms–1 when iron was in the form of FeIII. This represents rate increases of factors of 1.5 and 6 respectively. We measured OH• production rates at a range of H2O2 concentrations and SO cell densities. Production rates depended linearly on both variables. We also demonstrate that bacteria-assisted Fenton chemistry can result in rapid degradation of aromatic pollutants such as anthracene. Our results suggest that iron-reducing bacteria such as SO may be important contributors to radical formation in dark natural waters.
Effect of Levetiracetam on Motor Learning

The effect of the antiepileptic drug, levetiracetam, on rapid motor learning was tested in 10 healthy, right-handed volunteers (age, 22 to 43 years) by investigators from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
Chapter Two. Retribution and the Limits of Criminal Justice

Those who claim that retributivism is a morally defensible position point to two things in support of that claim: retribution is said to justify the deliberate imposition of suffering as a way of controlling crime, and it is said to limit that imposition by the boundaries it sets. First of all, assuming that what we seek from punishment is to deter wrongdoers, we still need some way to justify the heaping of pain upon past wrongdoers as a means to that end. Desert, says the retributivist, solves this problem: what justifies harming the wrongdoer is that he brought it on himself. But the second thing is that although the fact that they have committed crimes in the past means that we are entitled to punish them, retribution sets down limits. The punishment the wrongdoer deserves is limited by his culpability and by the seriousness of his crime. If the punishment exceeds what is deserved, it is not justified. That at least is the story that the retributivist tells. The second part of this argument is important in its own right. There are those who would argue that whether or not retribution and desert have any foundation in fact it is important that we act as though they do, especially in connection with the criminal law, because the consequences of abandoning them are too dire to be born. We would lose the limits that come with retribution. Regardless, then, of whether in fact human beings actually have free will, regardless of whether they are responsible for what they do, regardless of whether anyone actually deserves to be punished, regardless of whether retribution is ever justified, it is still morally desirable to insist on desert and retribution because without them we are bereft of the principles that limit the state’s use of the coercive machinery of criminal justice. The idea is that if we do not pretend human beings have free will and responsibility, the law will not know where to draw the line in its use of the instruments of the criminal justice system against wrongdoers.My aim in this Chapter is to devalue retributivism as a boundary-setter and to show that even if retribution were an acceptable aim, even if some individuals did deserve punishment and even if punishment had to be limited to what those individuals deserve, that would not limit state’s use of coercive force and in particular its use of the preventive methods of quarantine in any way.
Algorithm for Change Detection of Moving Objects

The change detection,image recovery and extraction of moving objects are three important links.A Gauss moving and change detection model is designed based on the imaging character of video supervising equipment CCD and the scheme of moving and change detection in image difference,using gray mean and variance as the decision threshold.Moving detection experiment shows that the moving area of video sequence image can be obtained relatively accurately with this model.
High voltage dielectric behavior of fluorocarbon resins

Since 1945 the Du Pont Company has been carrying out a systematic study of the behavior of electrical insulating materials under high voltage gradients. The effects have been studied both in the presence of and in the absence of corona or ionizing discharges. This paper presents some of the conclusions based on our studies of Teflon ® tetrafluoroethylene resins.
Conducting Fluid and Timely Research in Youth Activism

In 1991, the announcement that Daw Aung San Suu Kyi had been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize galvanized the student body of a New Delhi women’s college. While the students, until then, had little knowledge of the struggles faced by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, she had been a young undergraduate in New Delhi when her mother was assigned to the city as the Burmese ambassador to India.
Clinical behavior therapy with children

The extent of childhood behavioral and psychological problems in need of services is enormous. At least 12% (about 7.5 million) of children under age 18 suffer from one or more psychological disorders (Gould, Wunsch-Hitzig, & Dohrenwend, 1981). Of these 7.5 million, nearly half are considered severely impaired by their condition (Office of Technology Assessment, 1986). Evidence also suggests that some of these childhood problems persist into late adolescence and possibly adulthood (e. g., Kazdin, 1989; Kovacs et al., 1984). Moreover the economic costs of the direct treatment of the behavior problems of children (under age 14) are estimated at a conservative $1.5 billion (Rice, Kelman, & Dunmeyer, in progress, cited in Institute of Medicine, 1989). Clearly, child behavior problems represent a significant social problem in search of potential solutions.
Live code update for IoT devices in energy harvesting environments

The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is exhibiting explosive growth. These devices are often closely coupled to the physical world, and may harvest energy as a power source, which imposes particularly stringent operating constraints. Like any programmable system, IoT devices may need software updates to fix bugs, add functionality, or improve computational capability. This paper proposes novel strategies to update deployed code for IoT energy-harvesting devices based on in-place code updating and code trampolines, which effectively eliminate system down time and minimize resource demands for updates. We show that our schemes, on average, reduce the number of nonvolatile memory writes by 99% and code transmission cost by 78%.
Improving perspective taking and empathy in children with autism spectrum disorder

This paper discusses the design, implementation, and evaluation of a serious game intended to reinforce applied behavior analysis (ABA) techniques used with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by providing a low cost and easily accessible supplement to traditional methods. The goal is develop a safe environment for social exploration and learning that boosts the child's confidence while providing calming mechanisms. Games increase children's motivation and thus increase the rate of learning in computer mediated environments. Furthermore, children with ASD are able to understand basic emotions and facial expressions in avatars more easily than in real-world interactions.
Cascading failures and transient stability experiment analysis in power grid security

The modern electric power grid is one of the most complex networks, and its highly interconnected nature increases vulnerability when transmitting power vast distances from generation to consumption. For instance, during power grid contingencies (e.g., cyber/physical attacks on transmission lines or generators), this interconnection nature accelerates the propagation of failures throughout the system, and causes cascading failure blackouts. Thus, finding the most vulnerable components (e.g., buses or generators) is important for power grid defense. In this paper, a new definition of load has been proposed by taking power flow into consideration. The self organizing map (SOM) based approach is proposed to cluster the nodes (i.e., buses) in IEEE 39-bus benchmark. The most vulnerable node in each cluster is determined based on its load information to form an initial “victim set”. We use percentage of failure (PoF) to compare the performance of proposed SOM-based approach and the traditional load based approach during cascading failure process. In addition, the transient stability of the power system is further studied using both approaches. Our results show that the SOM based approach of victim selection is more efficient than traditional load based strategy.
Matt Upson, C. Michael Hall and Kevin Cannon, Information now: a graphic guide to student research

Information Now provides clear and remarkably comprehensive guidelines for tackling a university-level research project. Written in a witty, conversational tone, Upson, Hall, and Cannon lead the re...
Emily Confronts Her Fiercest Bear: Word Reading Disorder with Naming Speed and Phonological Deficits

The winding road leading through the forest grew narrower and darker until it tapered into a two-track lane where gravel and horseshoe prints dotted the slippery surface of compacted snow. The reading specialist was feeling almost lost in that dark subzero landscape when the lights of a small enclave shone through the thick woodland. Set in a ring encircling an oval-shaped forest clearing, the windows of the hand-built fieldstone homes glowed with the serenity of an illustration from Van Allsburg's Polar Express. Centered in the clearing stood a snow-patched barn, a maze of hound dog runs, sleigh-ride facilities, and a shed reserved for bear hunting gear—mainstays of Emily's family's lifestyle for three generations. That December night, thankfully, the local bears did not make one of their routine visits.
Landgrebe’s Critique of Husserl’s Theory of Phenomenological Reflection

Regarding the final trend in the assessment of the issues involved in the Husserl-Heidegger relation evident in the literature, the variation of this trend found in Landgrebe’s seminal discussion of the “shipwreck” of Husserl’s project, will be discussed within the context of my investigation of the status of the phenomenon of intentionality in Husserl’s and Heidegger’s formulations of phenomenology. Landgrebe’s analysis of Husserl’s project focuses on the “fact that for Husserl being [Sein]primarily signifies being-an-object [Gegenstand-sein]for an act of consciousness which presents it.”1 According to Landgrebe, this understanding of being is “rooted in Husserl’s interpretation of the essence and achievement of phenomenological reflection.”2 This interpretation is problematical for Landgrebe, inasmuch as “what Husserl had correctly seen under the title of transcendental subjectivity,”3 includes a dimension which “can neither be objectified nor brought under concepts of objective being,”4 and therefore, “can never be overtaken by representing [objectifying] reflection.”5 Husserl’s attempt to nevertheless accomplish just this, has the result, for Landgrebe, that Husserl’s account of transcendental subjectivity “becomes so obscured that he was not able to arrive at an unequivocal determination of this concept.”6 The influence of Heidegger on these analyses is clear from Landgrebe’s characterization, of this non-objectifiable dimension of transcendental subjectivity, in terms of “intentionality in the sense of ‘being-alreadyahead-of-itself’ (transcendence in the sense of Heidegger)... [which is]... unable to grasp itself in this structure in an objectifying reflection.”7
Framework for Developing a Brief Interview to Understand Cyber Defense Work: An Experience Report:

Cyber defense is increasingly important for the wellbeing of our economy and our national defense. Universities can help meet our growing cybersecurity needs by training the next generation of cybe...
Enabling Live Video Analytics with a Scalable and Privacy-Aware Framework

We show how to build the components of a privacy-aware, live video analytics ecosystem from the bottom up, starting with OpenFace, our new open-source face recognition system that approaches state-of-the-art accuracy. Integrating OpenFace with interframe tracking, we build RTFace, a mechanism for denaturing video streams that selectively blurs faces according to specified policies at full frame rates. This enables privacy management for live video analytics while providing a secure approach for handling retrospective policy exceptions. Finally, we present a scalable, privacy-aware architecture for large camera networks using RTFace and show how it can be an enabler for a vibrant ecosystem and marketplace of privacy-aware video streams and analytics services.
Correlation of Anatomical and Biochemical Development of the Rabbit Neostriatum

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the correlation of anatomical and biochemical development of the rabbit neostriatum. The chapter presents data on (1) the endogenous levels of dopamine in the neostriatum at each stage and the ability of the tissue to take up exogenous dopamine, (2) the time of appearance and pattern of distribution of dopamine fluorescence, (3) the correlation of electron microscopic profiles of developing and mature synapses with changing fluorescent patterns, and (4) the formation of dense material within axonal vesicles of tissue slices of neostriatum after incubation in 5- or 6-hydroxydopamine. Dopamine has been recognized in recent years as one of the neuromodulators in the nervous system. It captured the attention of many investigators because of its role in the extrapyramidal motor system. The origin of dopamine in the neostriatum was uncertain until fluorescence microscopy studies demonstrated dopamine-containing neurons in the substantia nigra, which send axons to the caudate nucleus and putamen to form the nigroneostriatal tract.
Reflections on Liberty

Mr. President, Members of Convocation, Ladies, and Gentlemen. It is a great honor to be awarded this degree by your distinguished University. It is also an honor to be the subject of one of your conferences. There is, of course, something rather unnerving about being weighed in the balance by academics. But even among the erudite, majority opinion is not always right—as 364 academic economists once learned to their cost in Britain. But looking through the names on your discussion panels, I can see that you have chosen the best minds with the sharpest insights you could possibly hope to find. Indeed, some of your participants must take their full share of the credit—or the blame—for all that happened in the 1980s. Ours was always a joint enterprise. So I warmly congratulate you and wish you well with your deliberations.
Temperament—Intelligence Reciprocities in Early Childhood

In the more than quarter century since Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess initiated a longitudinal study of the implications of individual differences in temperament for psychosocial adaptation—the New York Longitudinal Study—there has been considerable interest in the study of temperament among psychiatrists, developmental psychologists, and pediatricians. In part, this interest derives from the fact that the Thomas and Chess approach to the study of temperament was both a product and a producer of the contextual zeitgeist that has characterized American social science for more than a decade (e.g., Jenkins, 1974; Lerner, Hultsch, & Dixon, in press; Mischel, 1977; Sarbin, 1977).
The association of tumor infiltrating CD8+ and Foxp3+ cells with overall response rate (ORR) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with high-dose aldesleukin (HD IL-2).

4576Background: In the prospective, biomarker validation HD IL-2 “Select” study, durable remissions and prolonged survival were seen in both proposed “good” and “poor-risk” patients, based on clear...
Statistically inferred time warping: extending the cyclostationarity paradigm from regular to irregular statistical cyclicity in scientific data

Statistically inferred time-warping functions are proposed for transforming data exhibiting irregular statistical cyclicity (ISC) into data exhibiting regular statistical cyclicity (RSC). This type of transformation enables the application of the theory of cyclostationarity (CS) and polyCS to be extended from data with RSC to data with ISC. The non-extended theory, introduced only a few decades ago, has led to the development of numerous data processing techniques/algorithms for statistical inference that outperform predecessors that are based on the theory of stationarity. So, the proposed extension to ISC data is expected to greatly broaden the already diverse applications of this theory and methodology to measurements/observations of RSC data throughout many fields of engineering and science. This extends the CS paradigm to data with inherent ISC, due to biological and other natural origins of irregular cyclicity. It also extends this paradigm to data with inherent regular cyclicity that has been rendered irregular by time warping due, for example, to sensor motion or other dynamics affecting the data. ᅟ
Traffic Microsimulation for Flexible Utilization of Urban Roadways

The current method of organizing traffic flows in urban networks uses directional right-of-way links to move traffic between urban intersections. Conflict resolution between vehicles is almost excl...
How Do Experienced Family Therapists View Their Practice? An Exploratory Assessment of Clinical Skills and Their Relation to Theories of Family Therapy

This study examines the fit between theory based therapeutic skills and the perceptions of experienced therapists about their own skills. Participants responded to a measure of family therapy skills. Of the generic skills, two factors were identified which cut across many areas of practice. For the theory specific skills, two factors were identified which cut across four theories of family therapy. One was consistent with an expert style of therapy and the other reflected a collaborative approach to practice. These findings suggest that clinical training in family therapy should develop ways to train clinicians to match their clinical practice with client needs over theory based models.
Equine-assisted interventions for veterans with service-related health conditions: a systematic mapping review

Evidence-based treatments for service-related health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are not effective for all veterans. Equine-assisted interventions are emerging as an additional treatment modality, but little is known regarding the safe and effective delivery of these interventions. This study aimed to describe the following features of the body of literature concerning equine-assisted interventions among veterans: 1) veterans who have participated in equine-assisted interventions; 2) specific characteristics of equine-assisted interventions in veterans; and 3) the specific characteristics of research on equine-assisted interventions in veterans. We conducted a systematic mapping review of peer-reviewed literature reporting on equine-assisted interventions among veterans between 1980 and 2017. Searches of nine databases yielded 3336 unique records, six of which met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Data relevant to the study aims were extracted and analyzed. Equine-assisted interventions among veterans disproportionately targeted psychosocial outcomes and yielded promising results. The detailed methods of EAI varied in the reported studies, ranging from communicating with the horse to mounted exercises. There was also great diversity in outcome measurement. The state of theoretical development regarding the mechanisms by which equine-assisted interventions benefit the veteran population is currently underdeveloped. Studies provided insufficient detail with respect to the description of the intervention, reasons for attrition, and the dose-response relationship. Scientific development of equine-assisted interventions targeting psychosocial outcomes among veterans is warranted to establish their efficacy. Targeted outcomes should be expanded, including outcomes more closely aligned with the nature of polytraumatic injuries. Future research must also emphasize the theoretical development of equine-assisted interventions for veterans and thoroughly describe the participants, components of the intervention, factors contributing to attrition, and optimal dose-response relationships.
Predicting Geographic Energy Production for Tandem PV Designs Using a Compact Set of Spectra Correlated by Irradiance

We provide 20 direct spectra that capture the variation of the solar spectrum composition with intensity. We correlate the value of the air mass, aerosol optical depth at 500 nm, precipitable water, and ozone with the cumulative irradiance for direct sunlight with the use of National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB). We use the values of these atmospheric parameters to generate spectra that represent their corresponding cumulative irradiance levels with the use of SMARTS multiple scattering and transmission model. By simulation of the performance of a solar cell design under these 20 spectra and combination of the intensity-specific performance with the relative frequency of each irradiance level at a particular location from the NSRDB, we can predict tandem cell energy production across the United States. Through comparison of the energy production of ideal tandem cells with two to ten subcells as predicted by our model to energy production integrated over one year's worth of simulated spectra at nine locations across the United States as well as measured spectral irradiance from NREL's solar observatory, we find the error in our energy production estimate to be under 5% for ten subcells and under 3% for up to five subcells. We demonstrate the utility of the approach with a selection of prospective and ideal multijunction bandgap combinations.
The “It” and the “Joy That Kills:” An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin’s THE STORY OF AN HOUR

There was something coming for her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching to...
Can Artificial Intelligence Improve Psychotherapy Research and Practice

Leonard Bickman's article on the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in psychotherapy research paints an encouraging picture of the progress to be made in this field. We support his perspective, but we also offer some cautionary notes about the boost AI can provide. We suggest that AI is not likely to transform psychotherapy research or practice to the degree seen in pharmacology and medicine because the factors that contribute to treatment response in these realms differ so markedly from one another, and in ways that do not favor advances in psychotherapy. Despite this limitation, it seems likely that AI will have a beneficial impact, improving empirical analysis through data-driven model development, tools for addressing the limitations of traditional regression methods, and novel means of personalizing treatment. In addition, AI has the potential to augment the reach of the researcher and therapist by expanding our ability to gather data and deliver interventions beyond the confines of the lab or clinical office.
Recent Advances in Emerging Technology-based Security Primitives, Attacks and Mitigation

Emerging Non-Volatile Memories (NVM) have shown enormous potential for wide applications within the memory hierarchy to replace and/or assist conventional CMOS technology. In addition to key advantages of having low leakage power and low footprint, these technologies possess unique characteristics that can be leveraged to develop secure hardware and compute-capable memories. We review these unique properties of NVMs in implementing security primitives. We also present potential attacks against NVMs and their countermeasures.
A Charge Pump Current Mismatch Compensation Design for Sub-Sampling PLL

A current mismatch compensation structure for SSPLL charge pump (CP) is proposed and implemented in a low-power 40.5GHz frequency synthesizer. Transistor’s channel-length-modulation (CLM) effect induces SSPLL loop gain distortion and decreases VCO control voltage ( $V_{ctrl}$ ) locking range (LR). The proposed compensated CP uses feedback loops to cancel the CLM effect and hence extends $V_{ctrl}$ LR from 0.50V to 0.75V under a 1V supply, without degrading SSPLL noise performance. As a result of the more efficient use of $V_{ctrl}$ range, VCO capacitor bank setup number is reduced from 10 to 7 to cover the same 10% total tuning range. Due to the low-power dividerless structure with sub-sampling lock detector (SSLD) for frequency acquisition, the SSPLL with the proposed compensated CP consumes only 9.5mW power with 192fs RMS jitter.
Ischemic priapism due to coagulopathy of severe COVID-19 infection

Initially thought to be a primarily respiratory disease process, the hypercoagulable state associated with COVID-19 has been associated with myriad clinical sequelae. We report a case of stuttering...
Probing nonmonotonic variation of terminal relaxation in star-linear blends with a fast slip link model

Recent experiments suggest that the terminal relaxation time τ^b of star-linear blends varies nonmonotonically with the weight fraction of the star polymer in the blend ws [Hall et al., Macromolecules 52, 7831 (2019)], when the linear polymer is more viscous than the star; i.e., the ratio of linear and star viscosities rη=η0,l/η0,s>1. We used a fast slip link model called ecoSLM to assess whether slip link models, unlike tube-based theories, can correctly capture this trend. Simulations were performed on around 150 different star-linear blends where the average number of entanglements per star arm was varied between 8 and 25, and the viscosity ratio rη was varied between 0.1 and 1000. Results agree with experiments: nonmonotonic variation of τ^b with ws is observed only when rη>1 due to partial suppression of constraint release on the star polymers in the blend. In this regime, for a given star polymer, we found that the star weight fraction ws∗ corresponding to the blend with the longest terminal relaxation time τ^b∗ decreased with increasing rη. By extrapolating plots of ws∗ versus rη, we estimated an upper-bound rηub≈0.3log⁡η0,s+1.23, where the nonmonotonic variation of τ^b with ws is expected to subside. This prediction is directly confirmed in ecoSLM simulations with rη≈100−1000. Thus, we find that rη>1 is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for nonmonotonic variation of terminal relaxation of a star-linear blend with composition.
Reverting to single-cell biology: The predictions of the atavism theory of cancer.

Abstract Cancer or cancer-like phenomena pervade multicellular life, implying deep evolutionary roots. Many of the hallmarks of cancer recapitulate unicellular modalities, suggesting that cancer initiation and progression represent a systematic reversion to simpler ancestral phenotypes in response to a stress or insult. This so-called atavism theory may be tested using phylostratigraphy, which can be used to assign ages to genes. Several research groups have confirmed that cancer cells tend to over-express evolutionary older genes, and rewire the architecture linking unicellular and multicellular gene networks. In addition, some of the elevated mutation rate – a well-known hallmark of cancer – is actually self-inflicted, driven by genes found to be homologs of the ancient SOS genes activated in stressed bacteria, and employed to evolve biological workarounds. These findings have obvious implications for therapy.
Defensive secretion of the pill millipede Glomeric marginata

AdultGlomeris marginata reloaded glandular defensive fluid slowly and fairly constantly at 15 °C for 100 days after being milked to depletion. Female millipedes produced more sticky exudate than males, but the two sexes stored secretion at approximately the same absolute rate, 12 μg/individual/day. Hence, males, which weighed one third as much as females, accumulated disproportionately more secretion. MaleGlomeris in the reloading treatments after 75 days yielded as much exudate as controls, millipedes given 100 days to supplement their field reserves, whereas experimental females always produced less secretion than controls. Projections from these data suggest that adultGlomeris, regardless of sex, require more than 4 months to replenish their defensive reserves after completely discharging them in an attack.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, interleukin-1 receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA production in the human lacrimal gland.

PURPOSE: To determine whether messenger RNA coding for fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, interleukin-1 receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA are produced in human lacrimal tissue. METHODS: Total cellular RNA was isolated from three specimens of normal human lacrimal tissue and complementary DNA was synthesized. The polymerase chain reaction and sequence-specific primers were used to amplify the sequences of interest from the complementary DNA. Hot blotting and sequence-specific probes were used to demonstrate that the expected amplification products were specific. RESULTS: Data demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, interleukin-1 receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA are produced in human lacrimal tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These results and the previous identification of basic fibroblast growth factor in the lacrimal gland suggest that basic fibroblast growth factor has autocrine or paracrine functions in lacrimal tissue. More study is needed to determine whether the corresponding proteins are produced and, if so, what functions are regulated by fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, interleukin-1 receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor in the lacrimal gland.
Critical exponents of the superconducting transition in granular YBa2Cu3O7-δ

We present the results of measurements designed to study superconductingI–V scaling in samples of bulk YBa2Cu3O7-δ with varying morphologies, 1μm≤dg≤20μm, and at selected magnetic fields, 0.5 G≤H≤10 T.I–V isotherm measurements performed near the superconducting transition on the samples are consistent with predictions ofI–V scaling, with critical exponents v≈1.1–1.75 and z≈2.3–4.3.
Synthesis scheme for low power designs with multiple supply voltages by tabu search

In this paper, a tabu search-based behavior level synthesis scheme is proposed to minimize power consumption with resource operating at multiple voltages under the timing and the resource constraints. Unlike the conventional methods where only scheduling is considered, our synthesis scheme considers both scheduling and partitioning simultaneously to reduce power consumption due to the functional units as well as the interconnects among them. More importantly, our approach tends to efficiently address a few practical layout problems inherent to multiple voltage designs. In particular, we have configured our solutions as a three-tuple vector to account for both the timing and the partition. Cycling of the same solutions is prevented by applying a tabu list with an update mechanism enhanced with an aspiration function. In this way, the algorithm can search a large solution space with modest computation effort and fast convergence rate. Experiments with a number of DSP benchmarks show that the proposed algorithms achieve an average power reduction by 49.6%.