cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Automatic Recovery of Networks of Thin Structures

Applications, such as construction monitoring and planning for renovations, require the accurate recovery of existing conditions of structures. Many types of infrastructure are primarily comprised of arbitrarily-shaped thin structures (e.g., Truss bridges, steel frame buildings under construction, and transmission towers), which existing automatic modeling methods are incapable of handling. To address this issue, this paper presents an approach to automatically recognize and model beams, planes, and joints from a 3D point cloud containing a complex network of thin structures, and to recover their topology. In our approach, each beam is evolved from a seed by matching and aligning the cross section images. This growing algorithm can model beams with arbitrary cross sections. By performing the algorithm on a point connectivity graph, we distinguish beams from joints and improve the algorithm's robustness to closely spaced objects. In parallel, planes and joints are also extracted and modeled. The connectivity graph of these primitives allows for a compact, object-level understanding of the entire structure. We demonstrate the capability and robustness of our approach on both synthetic and real datasets.
Early Life Adversity, Biological Adaptation, and Human Capital

We assess the impact of recent large-scale anti-malaria efforts on child development in Zambia. While the control efforts led to reductions in disease exposure initially, parasite prevalence resurged soon after program initiation in highly endemic areas. Comparing cohorts born before and after the campaign launch, we find that children with initially low but resurgent malaria exposure perform more poorly on cognitive tests, and no better on anthropometric and executive functioning. Our results suggest that temporary reductions in infectious disease exposure may harm rather than benefit children by undermining critical immune system adaptations in early childhood.
Genetic analysis of the contribution of LTBP-3 to thoracic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue, caused by mutations of the microfibrillar protein fibrillin-1, that predisposes affected individuals to aortic aneurysm and rupture and is associated with increased TGFβ signaling. TGFβ is secreted from cells as a latent complex consisting of TGFβ, the TGFβ propeptide, and a molecule of latent TGFβ binding protein (LTBP). Improper extracellular localization of the latent complex can alter active TGFβ levels, and has been hypothesized as an explanation for enhanced TGFβ signaling observed in MFS. We previously reported the absence of LTBP-3 in matrices lacking fibrillin-1, suggesting that perturbed TGFβ signaling in MFS might be due to defective interaction of latent TGFβ complexes containing LTBP-3 with mutant fibrillin-1 microfibrils. To test this hypothesis, we genetically suppressed Ltbp3 expression in a mouse model of progressively severe MFS. Here, we present evidence that MFS mice lacking LTBP-3 have improved survival, essentially no aneurysms, reduced disruption and fragmentation of medial elastic fibers, and decreased Smad2/3 and Erk1/2 activation in their aortas. These data suggest that, in MFS, improper localization of latent TGFβ complexes composed of LTBP-3 and TGFβ contributes to aortic disease progression.
Carcinoma of the bowel: Radiation and surgical management and pregnancy

Abstract The leading causes of maternal death for the country as a whole are toxemia, infection, and hemorrhage. However, in the better staffed and equipped hospitals these causes are decreasing and others are increasing; among the latter is malignant neoplastic disease. The opportunity presents itself to report upon a patient with cancer of the bowel treated by preoperative radiation therapy, an abdominal-perineal resection followed 8 years later by normal pregnancy terminated by cesarean section. The problem of the diagnosis of malignancy in the young age group as well as the management of bowel carcinoma complieatillg pregnancy is diseusud. Since, the ovaries received sufficient radiation therapy to result in amenorrhea for 8 years, the problem of radiation as it affects the ovary, future progeny, and relationship to genetics is considered.
Public Administration and The Political World

This essay discusses future research directions for public administration scholars attracted to the intersection of citizens, public agencies, and politics. The conclusion provides summary recommendations for studying representational capacity of public organizations, political networks, and democratization of performance management.
Hormonal effects on C-14 acetate metabolism in the human.

SummaryThese data suggest the following tentative conclusions: 1. Adrenal 17-hydroxycorticoids appear to exert an effect on utilization of acetate and to decrease oxidation of this 2 carbon fragment to CO2. 2. Tn the human as in tissues of lower animals and in plant seeds, carboxyl carbon of acetate is more readily oxidized than is methyl carbon. The finding of a decrease in lipid synthesis form methyl labeled acetate in association with a decrease in oxidation of this compound as compared to carboxyl labeled acetate suggests that the carboxyl carbon may also be used preferentially for lipid synthesis in the human. 3. The syndrome of lipoatrophic diabetes appears to be associated with a decreased ability to store and perhaps to synthesize lipids in the adipose tissue rather than an increase in utilization of lipids of adipose tissue. 4. The stable adult diabetic may have a defect in conversion of 2 carbon fragments to fatty acids, even when the fasting blood sugar is normal.
The effect of a detergent-based pre-brushing dental rinse on plaque accumulation.

A pre-brushing dental rinse, based on the principle of non-specific removal and modification of dental plaque by detergent action, was studied. The rinse had previously been shown to have the ability to remove a limited amount of plaque without intervention of the toothbrush. In this study, the effect of the rinse on routine plaque control was evaluated over a 3-week period. The protocol sought to minimize the Hawthorne effect. A regimen involving use of the rinse prior to toothbrushing produced a significant decrease in mean plaque score of 50% compared to baseline. A normal oral hygiene regimen (i.e., toothbrushing without the pre-brushing rinse) resulted in a non-significant decrease in plaque area score of 11%. The difference in plaque reduction between the two regimens was significant at p less than .001.
Resource Allocation and Priority Setting

There has been much discussion of resource allocation in medical systems, in the United States and elsewhere. In large part, the discussion is driven by rising costs and the resulting budget pressures felt by publicly funded systems and by both public and private components of mixed health systems. In some publicly funded systems, resource allocation is a pressing issue because resources expended on one disease or person cannot be spent on another disease or person. Some of the same concern arises in mixed medical systems with multiple funding sources.
3D Near Infrared and Ultrasound Imaging of Peripheral Blood Vessels for Real-Time Localization and Needle Guidance

This paper presents a portable imaging device designed to detect peripheral blood vessels for cannula insertion that are otherwise difficult to visualize beneath the skin. The device combines near infrared stereo vision, ultrasound, and real-time image analysis to map the 3D structure of subcutaneous vessels. We show that the device can identify adult forearm vessels and be used to guide manual insertions in tissue phantoms with increased first-stick accuracy compared to unassisted cannulation. We also demonstrate that the system may be coupled with a robotic manipulator to perform automated, image-guided venipuncture.
Simulation Studies on the Role of Lauryl Betaine in Modulating the Stability of AOS Surfactant-Stabilized Foams Used in Enhanced Oil Recovery

The stability of foam in the presence of oil is of fundamental interest in enhanced oil recovery processes using foam for mobility control. Experimentally, it is known that lauryl betaine (LB) increases foam stability of certain anionic surfactants, and LB is referred to as a foam booster. However, the molecular basis for this effect is not well understood. Using molecular dynamics simulations, here we study a system of LB and alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS-14), an anionic surfactant that is used as a foam stabilizer. We monitor the area per molecule, a quantity that correlates with the surface shear viscosity, and the surface dilatational modulus to infer the stability of the various mixtures. We find that the influence of LB is nonmonotonic: the area per molecule and surface dilatational modulus have a minimum and maximum, respectively, around 30% LB in the monolayer. We show that this net effect has its basis in two competing effects: the favorable interaction between LB and AOS-14 that tends to shrink th...
Handheld real-time volumetric 3-D gamma-ray imaging

Abstract This paper presents the concept of real-time fusion of gamma-ray imaging and visual scene data for a hand-held mobile Compton imaging system in 3-D. The ability to obtain and integrate both gamma-ray and scene data from a mobile platform enables improved capabilities in the localization and mapping of radioactive materials. This not only enhances the ability to localize these materials, but it also provides important contextual information of the scene which once acquired can be reviewed and further analyzed subsequently. To demonstrate these concepts, the high-efficiency multimode imager (HEMI) is used in a hand-portable implementation in combination with a Microsoft Kinect sensor. This sensor, in conjunction with open-source software, provides the ability to create a 3-D model of the scene and to track the position and orientation of HEMI in real-time. By combining the gamma-ray data and visual data, accurate 3-D maps of gamma-ray sources are produced in real-time. This approach is extended to map the location of radioactive materials within objects with unknown geometry.
Solving Scalar Equations

Chapter 4 describes a set of high-level software tools for solving equations in a single scalar variable. It fills a practical need, for such equations are commonplace in scientific and engineering application problems. At the same time, it provides a realistic test bed for much of the low-level MSP software introduced in Chapter 3. These tools implement several general methods for finding roots of a function. Some work with either real or complex scalars, while others are limited to the real case. When an algorithm works with either type of scalars, MSP implements it with a template, to ensure and emphasize that exactly the same computation is used for each case.
Introduction: the South China Sea Dispute and the 2016 Arbitration Decision

This introduction briefly highlights some major arguments of each article in this special issue on the South China Sea disputes and the 2016 arbitration decision. It then explores the implications of the 2016 Arbitral Tribunal’s decision regarding the practice of international law, the US-China relations, and Taiwan’s policy response.
Assessment in School Consultation

As discussed in Chap. 6, our integrated model of school consultation involves three interrelated tasks; problem-solving, social influence, and support and development. Of these, the problem-solving task is the primary vehicle through which school-based interventions are designed, implemented, and evaluated. As such, problem solving (or the general problem-solving model described in Chap. 2) forms the basis of school consultation as a method of service delivery.
Instant scanner device for identifying wound infection utilizing Mie scatter spectra

Cardiovascular Biomedical Engineering Training Grant from U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) [T32HL007955]
True Kelvin CMOS Test Structure to achieve accurate and repeatable DC wafer-level measurements for device modelling applications

A 6-pad True Kelvin Test Structure for advanced CMOS devices is proposed in this work. It allows test engineers to make very accurate and repeatable wafer-level measurements required for SPICE modelling applications. This design helps to overcome parasitic resistance of the probe holder and probe which is found to be dependent on test temperatures. It also mitigates increase in probe contact resistance due to oxidation of exposed underlying copper on aluminum capped test pads as a result of repeated probing at elevated temperatures. Most important of all, it enables accurate device measurements with minimal probe scrub, essential for 30 micrometers or less test pads, without the need for frequent probe tip cleaning.
Do firms with broad employee ownership manage their external stakeholders more responsibly

Is there a link between how a firm manages its internal and external stakeholders? More specifically, are firms that give employees broader ownership and more say in running the enterprise more likely to manage their external stakeholders responsibly? This study seeks to answer these questions by elaborating on the concepts of employee ownership and responsible stakeholder management (RSM), and exploring their theoretical relationship. It tests these relationships using a sample of 347 private, mostly small-to-medium size firms, which have sought B Corporation certification or only assessment by the nonprofit B Lab. By investigating a homogeneous sample, this study is able to limit the variation in certain key determinants of RSM, such as business context, and private ownership, and to focus on the variation of employee ownership and its relationship with RSM. The results partially support the hypothesis that broad employee ownership is positively associated with external RSM, in particular with a focus o...
Shining Light on Chitosan: A Review on the Usage of Chitosan for Photonics and Nanomaterials Research

Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer derived from chitin that has found its usage both in research and commercial applications due to its unique solubility and chemical and biological attributes. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of CS have helped researchers identify its utility in the delivery of therapeutic agents, tissue engineering, wound healing, and more. Industrial applications include cosmetic and personal care products, wastewater treatment, and corrosion protection, to name a few. Many researchers have published numerous reviews outlining the physical and chemical properties of CS, as well as its use for many of the above-mentioned applications. Recently, the cationic polyelectrolyte nature of CS was found to be advantageous for stabilizing fascinating photonic materials including plasmonic nanoparticles (e.g., gold and silver), semiconductor nanoparticles (e.g., zinc oxide, cadmium sulfide), fluorescent organic dyes (e.g., fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)), luminescent transitional and lanthanide complexes (e.g., Au(I) and Ru(II), and Eu(III)). These photonic systems have been extensively investigated for their usage in antimicrobial, wound healing, diagnostics, sensing, and imaging applications. Highlighted in this review are the different works involving some of the above-mentioned molecular-nano systems that are prepared or stabilized using the CS polymer. The advantages and the role of the CS for synthesizing and stabilizing the above-mentioned optically active materials have been illustrated.
Synaptic and Recombination Nodules in Mammals: Structural Continuity with Shifting Protein Composition

The processes of meiotic recombination and synapsis between homologous chromosomes are intimately related, although their interdependence may vary with different organisms. In many species, electron-dense nodules are observed in association with pairing forks and/or fully established synaptonemal complexes. However, there are significant differences in the time of appearance, the relative number of early vs. late nodules, and even in the size and shape of nodules between species. This chapter focuses on the formation of synaptic and recombination nodules in mammals—primarily in mice and humans. In particular, the chapter reviews the transient formation of foci containing various recombination proteins, such as Rad51/DMC1, BRCA1/2, ATR, MSH4/5 and others—in correlation with recombination nodules. Despite the assumption that both the protein components and the basic functions of nodules are evolutionarily conserved, the evidence summarized here suggests that this may not be the case.
Functional Decline Associated with Hospitalization for Acute Illness

Functional change as a result of hospitalization is common, dynamic, and costly in both economic and human terms. It, however, is not an inevitable outcome of illness and aging. Older persons are substantial users of hospital care, and yet providers subject them to hospital practices that are more appropriate for younger patients. The information presented in this article suggests that our knowledge base regarding functional decline associated with hospitalization now allows us to identify high-risk patients and intervene both during and after hospitalization in order to maintain patient functioning.
Immunologic Analysis of the Acetylcholine Receptor

Studies of receptors have come a long way in the past decade or so. It is no longer possible to study their pharmacological or electrophysiological properties without serious consideration of their macromolecular properties. A cascade of new techniques (e.g., affinity labeling, affinity purification, reconstitution, patch clamping, monoclonal antibody production, gene cloning, in vitro gene expression, antisense mRNA) is overcoming many of the old barriers to molecular characterization of receptors (e.g., small amounts of receptor, lack of biochemical probes, lack of techniques for solubilizing, reconstituting, and characterizing receptors in membranes). In this cascade of techniques, today’s new technique (e.g., in vitro mutagenesis) frequently seems to threaten to make yesterday’s new technique (e.g., reconstitution) seem passe even before the approach can be thoroughly established and utilized. In fact, all of these techniques have virtues and limitations, and many of these techniques will be required in state-of-the-art studies of receptors. It is clear, however, that a continuance of productivity in studies of receptors will require knowledge of several of these techniques. One of the technologies that has been and will continue to be useful in studies of receptors from the initial stages of identification through purification and characterization and into studies of synthesis and the molecular basis of function is the use of antibodies.
Primates and Paradigms

Sir Charles Lyell opened his first notebook on “the species question” in 1855 (Wilson, 1970). A hundred years later, Mayr (1957) edited a volume entitled The Species Problem. Now, 34 years on, Eldredge has opened this volume with a title that emphasizes, once again, that crucial step in understanding natural organization: “What, if Anything, Is a Species?” In recognition of this probing tradition, I have constructed this chapter around a series of questions and possible answers relating to the application of species concepts, particularly to primates. I should point out that while Eldredge has tended to deal with the ontological side of the question—what we think species really are—this contribution is directed more toward epistemological issues—how do we identify the kinds of species that we believe to exist?
The Information Repository: A Tool for Metadata Management

After a departure from the narrow view of data administration, a period of loose user involvement, and experimentation with stand-alone Computer Aided Software Environment many firms have come to realize that the promises of modern information systems have not been fulfilled. The failure to integrate competing models has limited overall productivity progress. There is a current renewal of interest in an integrated, but not centralized, modeling and data administration function supported by one or more information repositories. The following article is aimed at defining the modern repository, its value to the firm, and offering guidelines for the selection of the most appropriate tool.
Oscillators Utilizing Ferroelectric-Based Transistors and Their Coupled Dynamics

We propose the application of ferroelectric (FE)-based transistors, viz., negative capacitance FET (NCFET) and Hysteretic ferroelectric FET (FEFET) in the design of coupled oscillators. The proposed oscillator utilizes hysteretic inverter voltage transfer characteristics, which is achieved by virtue of: 1) negative output conductance (NOC) in NCFETs and 2) hysteretic transfer characteristics in FEFETs. With the aid of output-to-input feedback in the inverter, we show sustained oscillations which are controllable by the gate voltage of the feedback transistor ( ${V} _{\mathrm {BIAS}}$ ). With focus on NCFET-based designs, we show that feedback implementation with pass transistor (PT) and transmission gate (TG) yields relaxation and sinusoid-like characteristics, respectively. Such behavior offers promises for dynamically reconfiguring the oscillator dynamics. We report the fundamental frequency ( ${f}$ ) in the range of 12 MHz–800 MHz and 0.7 MHz–417 MHz for TG and PT implementations, respectively. We discuss how this approach can be extended to hysteretic FEFET-based designs. We also analyze coupling between two oscillators considering various strengths of coupling capacitance ( ${C} _{\mathrm {CP}}$ ). We establish the conditions for synchronization of ${f}$ between the two oscillators with respect to difference in ${f}$ and ${C} _{\mathrm {CP}}$ .
Texting Toward Intimacy: Relational Quality, Length, and Motivations in Textual Relationships

A textual relationship is defined as a relationship where intimacy with a partner is primarily sustained through text messaging. In a textual relationship, face-to-face (FtF) contact rarely, if eve...
The influence of supervisor bottom-line mentality and employee bottom-line mentality on leader-member exchange and subsequent employee performance:

Are supervisors who care more about profits than employee well-being seen by employees as being good exchange partners? How do employees perceive and respond to supervisors who treat the bottom lin...
Opposing timing constraints severely limit the use of pupillometry to investigate visual statistical learning

Majority of visual statistical learning (VSL) research uses only offline measures, collected after the familiarization phase (i.e., learning) has occurred. Offline measures have revealed a lot about the extent of statistical learning (SL) but less is known about the learning mechanisms that support VSL. Studies have shown that prediction can be a potential learning mechanism for VSL, but it is difficult to examine the role of prediction in VSL using offline measures alone. Pupil diameter is a promising online measure to index prediction in VSL because it can be collected during learning, requires no overt action or task and can be used in a wide-range of populations (e.g., infants and adults). Furthermore, pupil diameter has already been used to investigate processes that are part of prediction such as prediction error and updating. While the properties of pupil diameter have the potentially to powerfully expand studies in VSL, through a series of three experiments, we find that the two are not compatible with each other. Our results revealed that pupil diameter, used to index prediction, is not related to offline measures of learning. We also found that pupil differences that appear to be a result of prediction, are actually a result of where we chose to baseline instead. Ultimately, we conclude that the fast-paced nature of VSL paradigms make it incompatible with the slow nature of pupil change. Therefore, our findings suggest pupillometry should not be used to investigate learning mechanisms in fast-paced VSL tasks.
Assessing the Quality of Pharmacy Care: It’s Not About Adherence

DISCLOSURES: No funding supported the writing of this article. The author has nothing to disclose.
Assessment of ASCE 7–16 Seismic Isolation Bearing Torsional Displacement

Base isolation provisions in ASCE 7 Standard have been historically shown to be conservative in estimating seismic demands. New torsional bearing base isolation displacement expressions have been proposed recently by the latest ASCE 7–16 Standard. This study compares the accuracy of the new ASCE 7–16 static-based isolation expressions for additional bearing displacement due to plane torsion to the response obtained using simplified structural dynamics’ plane torsion theory expressions. In addition, it conducts a parametric study to assess the effect of accidental eccentricity, damping ratio, and plan aspect ratio on the accuracy of ASCE 7–16 bearing displacement expression. The results showed that the ASCE 7–16 undamped displacement estimations improved compared to the significant conservatism of ASCE 7–10 by 7–33% depending on the eccentricity condition and ratio, which may further promote the use of base isolation in the US as a seismic hazard mitigation solution. However, the study also revealed that a considerable conservatism of the new base isolation bearing displacement provisions of ASCE 7–16 still exists in some cases, which ranged from 52 to 105% in the case of three equal fundamental frequencies and 5–20% in the case of equal lateral frequency and distinct torsional frequency. The study also showed that the ASCE 7–16 conservatism is proportional to the eccentricity and is more pronounced with biaxial eccentricity compared to single eccentricity. Furthermore, the results show that ASCE 7–16 expression accuracy significantly declines with damped systems with a possibility of un-conservative estimation of bearing displacements that can reach 25–40% with larger eccentricities. In addition, the ASCE 7–16 torsional displacement was shown to be inversely proportional to the plan aspect ratio with a discrepancy that can reach ± 20%. The study also exhibited that the ASCE 7–16 torsional displacement conservatism is slightly affected by increasing damping ratio above 4%.
Higher-Order Structure Influences the Kinetics of Diethylpyrocarbonate Covalent Labeling of Proteins.

The combination of covalent labeling (CL) and mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a useful tool for studying protein structure due to its good structural coverage, the ability to study proteins i...
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION REDUCES SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES—ANALYSIS FROM THE AGENCY FOR HEALTHCARE RESEARCH AND QUALITY STATE INPATIENT DATABASES

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has been increasingly utilized in the past decade for patients with end stage heart failure. The clinical course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after LVAD remains unclear. LVAD provides complete hemodynamic support irrespective of cardiac rhythm or
Polyanhydride Nanoparticles Induce Low Inflammatory Dendritic Cell Activation Resulting in CD8 + T Cell Memory and Delayed Tumor Progression

Introduction Adjuvants and immunotherapies designed to activate adaptive immunity to eliminate infectious disease and tumors have become an area of interest aimed at providing a safe and effective strategy to prevent or eliminate disease. Existing approaches would benefit from the development of immunization regimens capable of inducing efficacious cell-mediated immunity directed toward CD8+ T cell-specific antigens. This goal is critically dependent upon appropriate activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) most notably dendritic cells (DCs). In this regard, polyanhydride particles have been shown to be effectively internalized by APCs and induce activation. Methods Here, a prophylactic vaccine regimen designed as a single-dose polyanhydride nanovaccine encapsulating antigen is evaluated for the induction of CD8+ T cell memory in a model system where antigen-specific protection is restricted to CD8+ T cells. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) are used as an in vitro model system to evaluate the magnitude and phenotype of APC activation. Primary DCs, particularly those with described ability to activate CD8+ T cells, are also evaluated for their in vitro responses to polyanhydride nanoparticles. Results Herein, polyanhydride nanoparticles are shown to induce potent in vitro upregulation of costimulatory molecules on the cell surface of BMDCs. In contrast to the classically used TLR agonists, nanoparticles did not induce large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, did not induce characteristic metabolic response of DCs, nor produce innate antimicrobial effector molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO). The polyanhydride nanovaccine results in protective CD8+ T cell responses as measured by inhibition of tumor progression and survival. Discussion Together, these results suggest that the use of a polyanhydride-based nanovaccine can be an effective approach to inducing antigen-specific CD8+ T cell memory by providing antigen delivery and DC activation while avoiding overt inflammatory responses typically associated with traditional adjuvants.
Integrating spectral and non-spectral data to improve urban settlement mapping in a large Latin-American city

Information on urban settlements is crucial for sustainability planning and management. While remote sensing has been used to derive such information, its applicability can be compromised due to th...
Application of Superpixels to Segment Several Landmarks in Running Rodents

Examining locomotion has improved our basic understanding of motor control and aided in treating motor impairment. Mice and rats are the model system of choice for basic neuroscience studies of human disease. High frame rates are needed to quantify the kinematics of running rodents, due to their high stride frequency. Manual tracking, especially for multiple body landmarks, becomes extremely time-consuming. To overcome these limitations, we proposed the use of superpixels based image segmentation as superpixels utilized both spatial and color information for segmentation. We segmented some parts of the body and tested the success of segmentation as a function of color space and SLIC segment size. We used a simple merging function to connect the segmented regions considered as a neighbor and having the same intensity value range. In addition, 28 features were extracted, and t-SNE was used to demonstrate how much the methods are capable to differentiate the regions. Finally, we compared the segmented regions to a manually outlined region. The results showed for segmentation, using the RGB image was slightly better compared to the hue channel. For merging and classification, however, the hue representation was better as it captures the relevant color information in a single channel.
Abstract PR011: Selective inhibition of VEGF binding to VEGFR2 promotes an immune stimulatory microenvironment in murine models of breast cancer

Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) is the dominant angiogenic factor that promotes tumor neovascularization, making it a critical target for cancer therapy. VEGF binds and activates VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGFR2, with VEGFR2 being the principal receptor mediating VEGF-induced angiogenesis while VEGFR1 has a negative regulatory effect on this process. Previously, we found that selective inhibition of VEGF binding to VEGFR2 with a fully human monoclonal antibody (r84) or its mouse chimeric counterpart (mcr84) is sufficient for effective control of tumor growth in preclinical models of breast cancer. However, accumulating evidence indicates that the effect of blocking VEGF activity in solid tumors extends beyond inhibition of angiogenesis. Concordantly, we have shown that VEGF blockade regulates immune cell trafficking across the endothelium by increasing the expression of adhesion molecules while decreasing FasL expression on tumor vasculature. In addition, specifically blocking VEGF binding to VEGFR2 promotes an immune stimulatory microenvironment by enhancing activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells as evidenced by elevated secretion of Granzyme B and IFN-γ. In addition, VEGF blockade also reduces FoxP3+ regulatory T cell infiltration in multiple murine models of cancer. We and others have shown that immune cells express receptors for VEGF. Our data indicate that VEGFR2 expression is elevated on myeloid cells selectively in tumor-bearing animals. Consistent with VEGFR2 expression, treatment with mcr84 results in a reduction in macrophage/myeloid cell infiltration into murine breast tumors. In conclusion, our results enhance understanding of the function of VEGFR2 signaling on myeloid cells and suggest that selective inhibition of VEGF from binding VEGFR2 facilitates immune activation landscape in breast cancer models, which might enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. This abstract is also being presented as PO045. Citation Format: Yuqing Zhang, Huocong Huang, Noah Sorrelle, Rolf Brekken. Selective inhibition of VEGF binding to VEGFR2 promotes an immune stimulatory microenvironment in murine models of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2020 Oct 19-20. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2021;9(2 Suppl):Abstract nr PR011.
Making South Africa Safe: The Gendered Production of Black Place on the Global Stage

This article offers an intersectional analysis of how non-elites frame neighborhood as a synecdoche for nation through tourism. In Cape Town, South Africa, white Western tourists perceive the peripheral Black townships to be more dangerous than the city’s white center but also more representative of the country and thus worth visiting. Drawing from ten months of ethnographic fieldwork, I illustrate how Black women who have established home-based township accommodations iron out the tension between tourists’ fear and desire. I employ Goffman’s theories of impression management to demonstrate how township hostesses make Black South African space fit for Western consumption through race, class, gender, and nation. On the frontstage, women assuage tourists’ inhibitions by acting as maternal African figures. On the backstage, they cover the risks borne of poverty as communal Black mothers. Their gendered production of Black place palliates post-apartheid problems and projects South Africa’s stability on the global stage, which invites further Western visitation and capital.
The Role of Normal Goods in Global Stability

It is argued that results for global stability of classical tatonnement dynamics do not depend on goods being normal.
Osteoradionecrosis of the hyoid presenting as acute airway compromise.

Background Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a well-known complication of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. However, few reports have described hyoid bone ORN and its clinical implications. Methods We describe a retrospective case series of previously irradiated patients who were seen with sudden airway compromise, found to have underlying pathological hyoid fractures secondary to osteoradionecrosis. Results Six patients within postchemoradiation period (3-9 months) for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were seen with acute-onset dyspnea. Computed topography (CT) imaging was remarkable for severe airway luminal narrowing and pathological hyoid fractures. All six patients required urgent intervention with direct laryngoscopy and tracheostomy. Intraoperatively, five patients were seen with exposed necrotic hyoid bones. Conclusion The hyoid and its associated musculature strongly influence upper airway patency. ORN may compromise its physiological function and leads to acute airway compromise. Hyoid ORN may hold significant and imperative clinical implications in head and neck cancer post-treatment surveillance.
Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries

Dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is the second commonest cyanotic heart defect, accounting for 5% of all congenital heart defects. The diagnosis of D-TGA is generally made by two-dimensional echocardiography. However, given the shortcomings in transthoracic echocardiography to delineate the extent of extracardiac vascular structures and coronary arteries in young infants, cardiac CT is increasingly used both in preoperative and in postoperative evaluation of D-TGA. The common indications for cardiac CT in D-TGA patients include evaluation of coronary arteries, aortic arch, neoaortic root, and pulmonary arteries after arterial switch operation with LeCompte maneuver. The preferred cardiac CT technique is prospective gated cardiac CT using modern dual-source multidetector CT scanners. After arterial switch operation, biventricular contrast injection or triphasic contrast injection technique is used to delineate both right-sided and left-sided structures (pulmonary arteries, coronary arteries, and aortic root).
Inhibitory Acetylation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Promotes Diastolic Dysfunction in Mice

Alterations in cardiac fuel metabolism underpin the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Mouse models of HFpEF, in addition to changes in fuel choice, display elevated levels of mitochondrial protein acetylation. Reversal of mitochondrial hyperacetylation restores cardiac bioenergetics and function. In this study, we examined the metabolic mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction in diet induced failing hearts, using a model of constitutively reduced mitochondrial protein acetylation.
The rise of K-dramas: essays on Korean television and its global consumption: by JaeYoon Park, and Ann-Gee Lee, Jefferson, McFarland & Company, Incorporated Publishers, 2019, $39.95 (paperback), ISBN : 9781476677477

Sustained academic interest in the global flow of Korean culture and cultural products since the early 2000s has developed into a robust nexus of interdisciplinary scholarly enquires in the form of...
Introduction to the Forum: Increasing Diversity in the Communication Sciences and Disorders Workforce, Part 1.

Purpose This introduction provides background information about this forum of the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and a preview of articles published in this first installment of the ...
Money and Markets: Essays in Honor of Leland B. Yeager

Contributors Preface and Acknowledgement 1. A Zeal for the Truth 2. The Yeager Mystique: A Profile of the Scholar as Teacher and Colleague 3. The Virginia Renaissance in Political Economy: The 1960s Revisited 4. Leland, A Personal Appreciation 5. Monopoly Politics and Its Unsurprising Effects 6. Good Ideas and Bad Regressions: The Sad State of Empirical Work in Public Choice 7. Pluralism, Formalism and American Economics 8. Leland's Favourite Economists 9. The Genesis of an Idea: Classical Economics and the Birth of Monetary Disequilibrium Theory 10. The Macroeconomics of Money, Saving, and Investment 11. No-Name Money 12. Monetary Disequilibrium Theory and Austrian Macroeconomics: Further Thoughts on a Synthesis 13. Reflections on Reswitching and Roundaboutness 14. Leland Yeager's Utilitarianism as a Guide to Public Policy 15. Ethnic Conflict and the Economics of Social Cooperation: Reflections on a Difficult Problem 16. The Legacy of Bismarck
Tramadol, Pharmacology, Side Effects, and Serotonin Syndrome: A Review.

Background Serotonin syndrome is a mild to potentially life-threatening syndrome associated with excessive serotonergic activity within the central nervous system. Serotonin syndrome is associated with medication use, drug interactions, and overdose. While serotonin syndrome is often associated with the use of selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRI), an increasing number of reports are being presented involving the use of tramadol. Methods This review article contains an overview of serotonin syndrome while specifically looking at tramadol's pharmacology and risk factors for serotonin syndrome. With tramadol's increasing popularity, the goal of this article is to make physicians more alert and aware of this potential side effect associated with tramadol. Conclusions In conclusion, with the increasing incidence of serotonin syndrome, prescribing physicians should be aware of and educate their patients on the potential side effects of tramadol. It is important that the prescribing physician reviews patient medications for concurrent serotonergic drugs and monitors for potential abuse.
Proposal to Poster: A Model for Individualized Inquiry Based Research Projects in the Context of an Undergraduate Physiology Laboratory Course

Inquiry-driven learning is a focus of the 2011 Vision and Change Report. A research skill set is important in multiple career paths. It is atypical for undergraduate students to be able to research...
A Review of “Substance Use Disorders in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Clients”

Substance abuse in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community is often discussed but not well understood, even among mental-health professionals. Although LGBT clients and individ...
Inadvertent RDA: New Catalogers’ Errors in AACR2

This article discusses Resource Description and Access (RDA) and new catalogers' errors in Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. (AACR2).
Existence and Normalization of Complex Modes for Post Experimental Use in Modal Analysis

The eigen characteristics of a dynamical system offer a vector sub-space suitable for performing canonical transformations on the system of equations of the structural dynamics problems being considered. While the concept is mathematically fully developed for both damped and undamped systems, practitioners — at all levels — tend to indiscriminately use the system’s normal modes as a basis for applications containing nonproportional damping. Such a practice in most cases is a reasonable approximation and results in small, if not infinitesimal, errors. However, with the increase of sophistication and accuracy requirements in certain applications of modal analysis, these approximations must be fully analyzed and understood.
Accelerating virtual high-throughput ligand docking: current technology and case study on a petascale supercomputer

In this paper, we give the current state of high-throughput virtual screening. We describe a case study of using a task-parallel Message Passing Interface version of AutoDock4 to run a virtual high-throughput screen of one million compounds on the Jaguar Cray XK6 Supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We include a description of scripts developed to increase the efficiency of the predocking file preparation and postdocking analysis. A detailed tutorial, scripts, and source code for this Message Passing Interface version of AutoDock4 are available online at http://www.bio.utk.edu/baudrylab/autodockmpi.htm. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modular control of a differential-mode inverter

Recently, the operation of a new class of three-phase differential-mode inverter have been proposed and their efficacy demonstrated using a discontinuous-modulation-scheme (DMS) based differential-mode Cuk inverter (DMCI). DMS-based DMCI has a completely-modular topological configuration. To extend this modularity of the power stage to control implementation, one has to deal with the nonlinearity due to converter topology and DMS-based topological switching. This paper, starting with an original non-modular control scheme developed based on multi-module sensing and control transitions to a modular control of the DMCI. Experimental results validate the efficacy of the control implementation.
1,3‐Cyclohexadiene

[592-57-4] C6H8 (MW 80.13) InChI = 1S/C6H8/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-4H,5-6H2 InChIKey = MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N (cyclohexa-1,3-diene undergoes a variety of addition and cycloaddition reactions and is a useful six-carbon intermediate in several complex molecule syntheses) Physical Data: cyclohexa-1,3-diene; bp 80 °C; mp −98 °C; d 0.841 g/cm3. Solubility: soluble in pentane, hexanes, ether, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, benzene, methylene chloride, ethanol; insoluble in water. Form Supplied in: colorless, clear liquid of > 97% purity. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: cyclohexa-1,3-diene has toxic vapors; stench; highly flammable (flash point <25 °C); forms a stable endo-peroxide with oxygen. It irritates the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory tract on short-term exposure. This reagent should be handled only in a fume hood. Purification: cyclohexa-1,3-diene can be distilled at atmospheric pressure under nitrogen. Preparative Methods: cyclohexa-1,3-diene can be prepared by dehydration of cyclohexen-3-ol, by treatment of 1,2-dibromocyclohexane with tributylamine or with sodium hydroxide in ethylene glycol, and by treating the ethyl ether of cyclohexen-3-ol with potassium bisulfate.
Demonstration of ≫ 8 Watt output from laser diode pumped mid-infrared fiber lasers

10-Watt-level diode pumped erbium-doped ZBLAN fiber lasers at 2.7 mum were demonstrated. 8 W output was obtained by dual-end pumping a piece of 4 m 60,000 ppm heavily erbium-doped double-clad fiber.
Translation as cultural politics: Regimes of domestication in English

(1993). Translation as cultural politics: Regimes of domestication in English. Textual Practice: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 208-223.
Hepatic sulfation of estrogen metabolites.

Abstract 1. 1. Labeled estrone, 17β-estradiol and their sulfates were incubated with rat liver slices and the metabolites were isolated and analyzed according to their conjugated state. 2. 2. The stage of estrous of the rat from which the liver was removed did not influence the hepatic metabolism of the estrogens. The exogenous estrogen 3-sulfate was rapidly hydrolyzed by liver slices, however the added estradiol 17β-sulfate was not hydrolyzed nor was the estrogen nucleus metabolized. The endogenous formation of estrogen 17β-sulfates preceded the synthesis of the estrogen 3,17β-disulfates. 3. 3. Estrone and 17β-estradiol were rapidly intercon verted in incubations with hepatic tissue. The major metabolic pathway observed involved the formation of estrone and its conversion via estrone sulfate and 2-methoxyestrone sulfate to 2-methoxyestrone. The relatively small amount of free 17β-estradiol in these incubations was sulfated at position-17β and ultimately converted to 2-methoxyestradiol 3,17β-disulfate, 2-methoxyestradiol 17β-sulfate, and 6α-hydroxyestradiol 17β-sulfate.
Electrical properties of antimony-doped p-type Hg0.78Cd0•22Te liquid-phase-epitaxy films

Abstract Hall measurements have been performed on antimony-doped p-type Hg0.78Cd0.22Te LPE (Liquid-Phase-Epitaxy) films between 20 and 150 K. The ionization energy of isolated shallow acceptors was estimated to be about 11 meV. From the analysis of the Hall coefficient and the hole mobility data, we found that compensation in the films is not enough to explain the typically low hole mobility at low temperatures.
A proof of the structure of the minimum-time control law of robotic manipulators using a Hamiltonian formulation

A Hamiltonian canonical formulation that yields a new and straightforward proof of the structure of the minimum-time control (MTC) law for m-link robotic manipulators is used. It is shown that the structure of the MTC law requires that at least one of the actuators always be in saturation. A numerical algorithm is presented. The algorithm converts the original problem, possibly a partially singular one, into a totally nonsingular optimal control problem by introducing a perturbed energy term in the performance index. It is shown that the solution to the perturbed problem converges to that of the MTC problem in the sense of the performance index as the perturbation parameter approaches zero. The control algorithm is used in a simulation to verify the MTC law structure. >