cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Computerized pipettes with programmable dispension for batch injection analysis

Abstract New computer controlled pipettes are used to establish several duspensuon patterns and thus to enhance considerably the power of batch injection analysis (BIA) The unique delivery functions offered by these pro- grammable pipettes permit advanced BIA operations with greater versatility and solution handling capability Particularly attractive are the abilities to induce the dispersion (via prolonged or reversed sample dispensions), to inject simultaneously two (air-segmented) sample! standard solutions, to inject accurately extremely small samples (down to 05 bol) at different rates, or to perform acidubase tutratuons Repetitive oscillations of the duspension greatly improve the contact of reactants, as illustrated for enzymatic reactions High precision accrues from the highly reproducible (operated-independent) piston movement Repetitive injections of 1 ~zl solutions are performed with a sample throughput of 300 per hour, with a relative standard deviation of 1 5% The effect of these novel dispensuon patterns on the BIA response are evaluated using potentiometric and amperometric detection schemes Prospects of using these pipettes in other automated analytical systems are discussed
Free Massless Fields as Infinite-Dimensional Representations of the Lorentz Group

Free quantized massless field theories of arbitrary spin $L$ are investigated. The transverse potential in the radiation gauge is shown to transform as a nonunitary infinite-dimensional representation of the Lorentz group: $(L, 1)\ensuremath{\bigoplus}(L, \ensuremath{-}1)$ for integer spin and $(L+\frac{1}{2}, \frac{3}{2})\ensuremath{\bigoplus}(L+\frac{1}{2}, \ensuremath{-}\frac{3}{2})$ for integer +\textonehalf{} spin (Gel'fand and Shapiro's notation). Using Lorentz group theory, it is argued that free quantized massless field theories of spin g1 do not possess a stress-energy tensor ${T}^{\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\nu}}$.
The Effect of Intravenous Pamidronate on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Histomorphometry, and Parameters of Bone Turnover in Adults with Type IA Osteogenesis Imperfecta

The type IA osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) phenotype is characterized by multiple fractures, blue sclerae, and minimal skeletal deformity without dentinogenesis imperfecta. The object of this study was to determine the effect of treatment with intravenous pamidronate (30 mg) every 3 months on bone density and bone histomorphometry in adults with type IA OI. After an initial iliac crest bone biopsy eight subjects, 5 women and 3 men, entered a treatment program lasting 21-30 months. Five subjects, all women, completed the study which included a posttreatment iliac crest bone biopsy. Pamidronate treatment led to significant increases in bone mineral density (BMD), measured by DXA, in the lumbar spine at 12 months (P = 0.05) and in the femur neck (P = 0.02) at 24 months. Significant increases in BMD were also seen in femoral trochanter at 12 months (P = 0.05) and at 24 months (P = 0.02), and in Ward's triangle at 12 months (P = 0.02) and 24 months (P = 0.05). Mean osteocalcin levels decreased 32%, C-terminal procollagen peptide and bone alkaline phosphatase declined 12% and 47% at 15 and 21 months, respectively. Deoxypyridinoline crosslink excretion decreased 31%. Posttreatment bone biopsy revealed a significant 6.3% increase in mean bone trabecular volume (P = 0.01). Mean cortical thickness increased from 848 mm to 1384 mm (P = 0.01) and cortical porosity decreased 13.2% (P = 0.01). Bone formation rate increased significantly in all 5 patients from 6.6 to 15.3 mm2/yr (P = 0.01). Mineral apposition rate was unchanged. These results indicate that intravenous pamidronate, 30 mg every 3 months, may have significant effects on bone density and histomorphometry in adults with type IA OI. Responses at higher doses remain to be evaluated.
Improving the metric quality of questionnaire data

A procedure is proposed whereby questionnaire data, which is usually ordinal in nature and often error-ridden, may be transformed to reduce the error variance in the data and to improve the metric properties of the individual variables. The technique is suggested by a result of Eckart and Young. The properties of the method are investigated by means of a Monte Carlo study. Various matrices were generated representing the usual concept of “true scores”. These matrices were distorted using two levels of random errors and two kinds of categorization. The distorted matrices were in turn transformed by the proposed methods and compared to the “true scores”. In all cases an overall measure of similarity reveals the transformed matrices are better approximations to the “true scores” than the untransformed data. Some properties of the transformation are discussed and some possible applications of the general technique are suggested.
Molecular Sieve Thin Films via Laser Ablation

Laser ablation has become widely recognized as an effective technique for the preparation of thin solid films. We have employed an excimer laser (KrF, 248 nm) to deposit well dispersed thin films of aluminum phosphate molecular sieves on a titanium nitride substrate. Results for the ablation of AlPO4-5, AlPO4-H3 and AlPO4-H1 molecular sieve targets are presented. The laser power and repetition rate as well as substrate distance and temperature affect the thin film formation. A subsequent hydrothermal post treatment of the ablated films was found to enhance the surface crystallinity. The molecular sieve thin films were characterized by XRD, SEM, XRF, and FT-IR spectroscopy.
Population-based prevalence of smoking in psychiatric inpatients: a focus on acute suicide risk and major diagnostic groups.

Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to define the extent of current and lifetime smoking by diagnostic groups and suicide risk as reason for admission in a geographically defined psychiatric inpatient cohort. Design The study used a population-based retrospective chart review. Methods Smoking status and discharge diagnoses for Olmsted County, Minnesota, inpatients aged 18 to 65 admitted for psychiatric hospitalization in 2004 and 2005 were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Diagnostic groups were compared to each other using χ 2 tests and Fisher exact test to analyze smoking status within the inpatient sample with significance defined as P ≤ .05. Results Eighty percent (80.41) of our sample of 776 patients was hospitalized due to acute suicide risk. Discharge diagnostic group composition included affective disorders (80.3%), substance abuse disorders (36.1%), anxiety disorders (19%), psychotic disorders (16.4%), and personality disorders (10.3%). Of the sample, 72.2% had at least one comorbid disorder. Of the 776 patients, 356 (45.9%) were current smokers. Substance abuse and psychotic disorder diagnoses were significantly correlated with current smoking status ( Conclusion Our findings clearly demonstrate stratification of current smoking and quit rates in psychiatric inpatient' diagnostic groups vs the US general population and Minnesota. Further research into the association between suicide risk, smoking, and mortality in the seriously mentally ill is necessary. Recognizing and addressing smoking in psychiatric patients in both hospital and outpatient settings is critical to addressing survival differences compared to the general population.
Effect of epidermal rotation on orientation of scales in the chick.

Abstract Morphogenesis of scales in the chick was investigated to clarify further the respective roles of the dermis and epidermis. Squares of whole scale-forming skin from the superior surface of the tarsometatarsus were separated with trypsin into dermal and epidermal components, recombined following rotation of the epidermis through varying degrees, grown on a host chorioallantois, and scored for basic shape and orientation of scales as well as for the direction of overlap. The basic shape and orientation of scales are not affected by epidermal reorientation; primordia always develop as ridges transverse to the proximodistal axis of the dermis, regardless of the relative orientation of the epidermis. Subsequent overlap of scales, however, is affected by epidermal rotation; epidermal reorientation prior to the appearance of conspicuous primordia results in a corresponding reorientation of the direction of overlap of the scales. It is concluded that scales do arise due to the inductive activity of the dermis, but that epidermis has the capacity to modify the dermal stimulus by directing the overlap of scales.
A dynamic infrastructure for interconnecting disparate ISR/ISTAR assets (the ITA sensor fabric)

Modern ISR1/ISTAR2 networks comprise a very diverse and disparate set of asset types and networking technologies, which provide a unique set of challenges in the areas of sensor identification, classification, interoperability and sensor data sharing, dissemination and consumability. This paper presents the ITA Sensor Fabric, developed as part of the International Technology Alliance (ITA) in Network and Information Science, a middleware infrastructure that addresses these challenges by providing unified/universal policy controlled access to, and management of, ISR/ISTAR networks. The ITA Sensor Fabric spans the network from command and control, through forward operating bases, and out to mobile forces and fielded (both mobile and/or fixed) sensors in the area of operations. This paper also presents a use case scenario developed in partnership with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and deployed in ARL's Wireless Emulation Laboratory (WEL), that demonstrates the ITA Sensor Fabric applicability to coalition operations.
Reproducibility of ventricular function measurements by contrast angiography.

Interobserver reproducibility of single plane contrast angiographic measurements of end-diastolic volume (EDV/m2), end-systolic volume (ESV/m2), stroke volume (SV m2), and ejection fraction (EF) was studied in two groups of patients. The first group (n = 42) was an unselected, consecutive series of patients in which the calculations of volume were performed manually, representing day-to-day results from a clinical quantitative angiographic laboratory. The second group (n = 31) was selected on the basis of optimal filming technique and volume calculations were performed digitally with the aid of a computer. This group characterizes the reproducibility that could be attained for investigational purposes. In the selected group, interobserver reproducibility of four regional ejection fractions was determined. The correlation coefficient (r), standard error of the estimate (Sy.x), average difference, and 95% confidence limits are given. Measurement variation accounted for 9–15% of the variance in this study for EDV/m2 (consecutive series), indicating that caution is needed when relating contrast angiographic measurements to other (e.g., noninvasive) measures of volume by simple linear regression.
Screening innovations in the telecommunications industry: an expert systems approach

Research is described whose goal is to develop and validate an expert system that will screen new products and services prior to commercialization. The authors have developed a model for screening telecommunications innovations and built a prototype expert system based on this model. They have addressed several critical research issues in the development of such a system: choice of the appropriate sources of knowledge, resolution of conflict among human experts chosen for knowledge acquisition, use of knowledge programming techniques that can accommodate uncertainty, and suggestions for multiple methods of system validation. It is noted that the development of the system will contribute to effective product planning in organizations and enhance resource efficiency. It will also generate guidelines for capturing and using expertise in highly unstructured decision-making situations in business such as new product screening. >
Reduction Reactions of Carbonate Solvents for Lithium Ion Batteries

Lithium naphthalenide has been investigated as a one electron reducing agent for organic carbonates solvents used in lithium ion battery electrolytes. The reaction precipitates have been analyzed by IR-ATR and solution NMR spectroscopy and the evolved gases have been analyzed by GC-MS. The reduction products of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate are lithium ethylene dicarbonate and ethylene and lithium propylene dicarbonate and propylene, respectively. The reduction products of diethyl and dimethyl carbonate are lithium ethyl carbonate and ethane and lithium methyl carbonate and methane, respectively. Lithium carbonate is not observed as a reduction product. © 2014 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0021409eel] All rights reserved.
Facilitating the Portability of User Applications in Grid Environments

Grid computing promises the ability to connect geographically and organizationally distributed resources to increase effective computational power, resource utilization, and resource accessibility. For grid computing to be successful, users must be able to easily execute the same application on different resources. Different resources, however, may be administered by different organizations with different software installed, different file system structures, and different default environment settings. Even within the same organization, the set of software installed on a given resource is in constant flux with additions, upgrades, and removals. Users cannot be expected to understand all of the idiosyncrasies of each resource they may wish to execute jobs on, thus must be provided with automated assistance. This paper describes a new OGSI-compliant grid service (the Naturalization Service) that has been implemented as part of NASA’s Information Power Grid (IPG) project to automatically establish the execution environment for user applications.
Risk Factors and Sexual Assault Prevention

Sexual assault prevention programming remains a confused, scattered, and sporadic enterprise with little scientific underpinning. This situation reflects general American policy biases against sexuality-related interventions and against “merely preventive” programs. More distinctively, sexual assault prevention suffers because it fully fits neither the traditional crime-prevention model nor the traditional public-health model of prevention programming. Technical and political consequences of this fundamental ambiguity are traced, and some consideration is given to a transcendental alternative model.
A comparative analysis of cache designs for vector processing

This paper presents an experimental study on cache memory designs for vector computers. We use an execution-driven simulator to evaluate vector cache performance of a set of application programs from Perfect Club and SPEC92 benchmark suites. Our simulation results uncover a few important facts which were unknown before: First of all, the prime-mapped cache that we newly proposed shows great performance potential in vector processing environment. Because of its conflict-free property, the prime-mapped cache performs significantly better than conventional cache designs for all applications considered. Second, performance results on the benchmarks indicate that data locality in vector processing does exist, although the effects of line size, associativity, replacement algorithm, and prefetching scheme on cache performance are very different from what has been commonly believed. A medium size vector cache (e.g., 128 Kbytes) eliminates the necessity for a large number of interleaved memory banks in vector computers. Our experiments show that the vector computer that has a medium size prime-mapped cache with small cache line size and limited amount of prefetching provides significant speedup over conventional vector computers without cache. Performance results reported in this paper can also provide guidance to general-purpose computer designers to enhance cache performance for numerical applications.
Snail genes and embryonic bone development

In the past two decades, Snail family genes have been extensively studied in mouse development and cellular function, including the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) during both embryonic development and metastasis of epithelial tumors, cell survival and cell death, the determination of cell fate, and the establishment of left-right asymmetry. However, their role in bone development is not as widely reported. The purpose of this review is to briefly overview embryonic long bone development and summarize recent studies that provide evidence for Snail signaling in long bone development
Reading Rescue: An Effective Tutoring Intervention Model for Language-Minority Students Who Are Struggling Readers in First Grade

The Reading Rescue tutoring intervention model was investigated with 64 low–socioeconomic status, language-minority first graders with reading difficulties. School staff provided tutoring in phonological awareness, systematic phonics, vocabulary, fluency, and reading comprehension. Tutored students made significantly greater gains reading words and comprehending text than controls, who received a small-group intervention (d = 0.70) or neither intervention (d = 0.74). The majority of tutored students reached average reading levels whereas the majority of controls did not. Paraprofessionals tutored students as effectively as reading specialists except in skills benefiting nonword decoding. Paraprofessionals required more sessions to achieve equivalent gains. Contrary to conventional wisdom, results suggest that students make greater gains when they read text at an independent level than at an instructional level.
Prevalence and Predictors of Vitamin D Deficiency and Response to Oral Supplementation in Patients Receiving Long‐Term Home Parenteral Nutrition

Previous studies have suggested a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients receiving long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in long-term HPN patients. Methods: A retrospective, institutional review board–approved study was performed on all adult patients followed by the Cleveland Clinic HPN program receiving HPN therapy >6 months between 1989 and 2013 with a 25-(OH) D3 level reported. Patients were categorized by serum vitamin D status as follows: sufficient, insufficient, and deficient with respective 25-(OH) D3 levels of ≥30 ng/mL, 20–30 ng/mL, and <20 ng/mL. Results: Seventy-nine patients were categorized based on serum vitamin D status as follows: 35 (44.3%) deficient, 24 (30.4%) insufficient, and 20 (25.3%) sufficient. The mean age of the cohort at the initiation of HPN was 52.0 ± 12.7 years, and 26 (32.9%) were male. The median HPN duration was 39 months, and the most common indication was inf...
A Rorschach Analysis of Violent Murderers and Nonviolent Offenders

The study was designed to compare the Rorschach protocols of violent murderers with nonviolent offenders. A total of 46 convicted male felons, that is, 23 violent murderers and 23 nonviolent offenders with a mean age of 34.43 and 32.48, respectively, participated in the study. Each subject was administered a Rorschach utilizing the Exner Comprehensive System for administration, scoring, and interpretation. The two groups differed at a .01 level of significance on 7 of the 22 variables that were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. The violent murderers had a greater distortion of perceptual accuracy and cognitive mediation. In addition, they demonstrated a higher potential for impulsivity and vulnerability to stress. Both groups had a high frequency of ambitents, T-less protocols, and difficulty with emotional modulation. Although these findings should be viewed as tentative, they provide some initial information on the differences between the groups. Further study will be needed to replicate and ...
The Hunt for Party Discipline in Congress

This paper analyzes party discipline in the House of Representatives between 1947 and 1998. The effects of party pressures can be represented in a spatial model by allowing each party to have its own cutting line on roll call votes. Adding a second cutting line makes, at best, a marginal improvement over the standard, single-line model. Analysis of legislators who switch parties shows, however, that party discipline is manifest in the location of the legislator's ideal point. In contrast to our approach, we find that the Snyder-Groseclose method of estimating the influence of party discipline is biased toward exaggerating party effects.
Assessing Reproductive Risks with Biological Markers

This discussion suggests a general framework for assessing reproductive risks using biological markers (Figure 1). Reproductive terminology and summary statistics on reproductive outcomes will be presented. The process of risk assessment will be defined, with attention to the assessment of reproductive risks. In addition, the influence of physiological differences between men, nonpregnant and pregnant women on toxicokinetics, biomarkers and risk assessments is discussed. An example reproductive risk assessment using sperm concentration as a biological marker of reproductive function will be presented.
La RepÚBlica Independiente De Magallanes: Music and Politics in Chilean Patagonia During the Cold War

AbstractThis essay analyzes the role that musical representations have played in the development and expression of regionalist sentiment in Magallanes, Chile, and asserts that residents of Magallanes participated in Cold War—era politics through a distinctively local lens. By examining Magallanes' unique socio-economic development in conjunction with oral histories collected from Magallanes residents, the essay reveals that local music became a medium by which musicians and music listeners expressed regionalist sentiments that became important components of their support for socialist president Salvador Allende and their rejection of the military regime that overthrew Allende in 1973.
Work-related injuries to animal care workers, Washington 2007-2011.

BACKGROUND: For workers engaged in animal care, workplace hazards are common and may outnumber those experienced by human healthcare workers. METHODS: We used accepted Washington State workers' compensation claims for the period from January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2011 to compare injury rates and types of injuries across animal care occupations. RESULTS: Work-related injuries frequently affect veterinary support staff and those working in pet stores, shelters, grooming facilities and kennels. Animal-related injuries were the most commonly reported injury type experienced by all groups, though the animal source of injury appears to differ by work setting. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace related injuries among animal care workers are common and most often caused by physical insults resulting from worker-animal interaction. Am. J. Ind. Med. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Language: en
Perceptions of Success in Work Environments

Before it is possible to make an attribution for the cause of a particular success or failure event, it is first necessary to define the event as one that was successfully accomplished or not. This chapter examines this definitional issue as it occurs within work settings. Using empirical data from our own research as well as theoretical work within the domain of social cognition and organizational behavior, we examine the ways people describe the successes they encounter at work and the steps they feel they must take to become successful. The chapter concludes with suggestions for expanding attributional process models to consider organizational success perceptions and how the interact with individual conceptions.
Intrinsic excitability varies by sex in prepubertal striatal medium spiny neurons

Sex differences in neuron electrophysiological properties were traditionally associated with brain regions directly involved in reproduction in adult, postpubertal animals. There is growing acknowledgement that sex differences can exist in other developmental periods and brain regions as well. This includes the dorsal striatum (caudate/putamen), which shows robust sex differences in gene expression, neuromodulator action (including dopamine and 17β-estradiol), and relevant sensorimotor behaviors and pathologies such as the responsiveness to drugs of abuse. Here we examine whether these sex differences extend to striatal neuron electrophysiology. We test the hypothesis that passive and active medium spiny neuron (MSN) electrophysiological properties in prepubertal rat dorsal striatum differ by sex. We made whole cell recordings from male and females MSNs from acute brain slices. The slope of the evoked firing rate to current injection curve was increased in MSNs recorded from females compared with males. The initial action potential firing rate was increased in MSNs recorded from females compared with males. Action potential after-hyperpolarization peak was decreased, and threshold was hyperpolarized in MSNs recorded from females compared with males. No sex differences in passive electrophysiological properties or miniature excitatory synaptic currents were detected. These findings indicate that MSN excitability is increased in prepubertal females compared with males, providing a new mechanism that potentially contributes to generating sex differences in striatal-mediated processes. Broadly, these findings demonstrate that sex differences in neuron electrophysiological properties can exist prepuberty in brain regions not directly related to reproduction.
A host-mediated microbial assay for the detection of mutagenic compounds.

SummaryA procedure was established whereby a microbial indicator was incorporated in an animal system to identify and characterize mutagenic agents. The organisms, histidine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium, were injected into mice intraperitoneally, and the test compound was administered intramuscularly. Mutagenesis, indicated by an increase in the incidence of prototrophs in the population, was induced by dimethylnitrosamine, N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and streptozotocin. Such a system appears capable of detecting microbial mutagenic activity in compounds which remain or become physiologically active after administration.
Measuring Sales Effects of Some Marketing Mix Variables and Their Interactions

Unique field experiment data provided by the Milwaukee Advertising Laboratory were used to investigate the individual and interactive effects upon market shares of some marketing mix variables at t...
Violent Islamism beyond borders Can human rights prevail

The argument that sectarian conflicts in the Arab Middle East have been persistent since time immemorial is erroneous. While these views may seem compelling with the rise of ISIL, they are in fact very dangerous: they downgrade Islamic societies to primordial, selective and static features. I will argue for a different set of propositions. First, violence is not unique to Islamic societies. Extreme illiberal ideologies prevailed in Christian Europe both during the Thirty Years War and during the fascist interwar period. Second, Islamist belligerence was partly a response to the ill-effects of globalization, just as European fascist movements were exacerbated by the advance of industrial capitalism in Europe. Third, post-Second World War human rights efforts may inform new paths beyond the tragedies that continue to plague the Middle East.
THE EVOLUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL OVERRUNNING SPEED CLUTCH AND ITS THE COMPANY COUPLER MECHANISM

Overrunning Speed Clutch is one of the key pats in impulse Stepless Speed Regulators, and working capability depends on the control factor of its mechanism efficiency, twist moment and life - span. Aiming at the characteristic of poor dynamic - power, additional dynamic load and speed fluctuation of the higher pair Overrunning Speed Clutch, we put forward a new lower - pair Differential and Double Brake - block Overrunning Speed Clutch, and introducing the process of its evolution. The internal contact between the natural increment coefficient and brake blocks was studied, the natural increment coefficient is an important gist, which scales and distinguishes whether Differential and Double Brake - block Overrunning Speed Clutch can realize normal work or not. According to analyze the company coupler mechanism of Differential and Double Brake - block Overrunning Speed Clutch, we consider this kind of Overrunning Speed Clutch possesses the character functions that can pressurize through internal force. It can automatically adapt to the slight size change of output shaft in the direction of X axis and Y axis. So the working ability is improved.
Evaluating Term Coverage of Herbal and Dietary Supplements in Electronic Health Records

Herbal and dietary supplement consumption has rapidly expanded in recent years. Due to pharmacological and metabolic characteristics of some supplements, they can interact with prescription medications, potentially leading to clinically important and potentially preventable adverse reactions. Electronic health record (EHR) system provides a valuable source from which drug-supplement interactions can be mined and assessed for their clinical effects. A fundamental prerequisite is a functional understanding of supplement documentation in EHR and associated supplement coverage in major online databases. To address this, clinical notes and corresponding medication lists from an integrated healthcare system were extracted and compared with online databases. Overall, about 40% of listed medications are supplements, most of which are included in medication lists as nutritional or miscellaneous products. Gaps were found between supplement and standard medication terminologies, creating documentation difficulties in fully achieving robust supplement documentation in EHR systems. In addition, in the clinical notes we identified supplements which were not mentioned in the medication lists.
Technics and potentialities of intracranial electrography.

Intracranial electrography is an extension of scalp and surface electro-encephalography in which electric impulses are obtained from the depths of the human brain. The surgical technic required for the placement of deep electrodes is simple, and the multi-contact electrodes are well tolerated. Pertinent information may be obtained by means of electric recording from or stimulation of the subcortex. This method portends to become a valuable diagnostic and investigative aid.
The 126 KD Phosphoprotein of Human Breast Carcinoma Cell Surface

Publisher Summary Various lines of evidence suggest that the surface of the neoplastic cell may differ from that of the normal cell. Hybridoma antibodies do provide an analytic approach that promises an expanded characterization of the surface of neoplastic cells. This chapter discusses the characteristics of a hybridoma antibody to a newly identified cell surface phosphoprotein observed on the surface of human breast carcinoma cell lines. It appears of interest because of its presence in transformed cells, its localization within sites of cell surface adhesion, and the presence of phosphotyrosine in the molecule. The chapter discusses a study to demonstrate the characteristics of a hybridoma antibody to a newly identified cell surface phosphoprotein observed on the surface of human breast carcinoma cell lines.
Multiplex information networks for spatially evolving multiagent formations

In this paper, we show how information exchange rules represented by a network having multiple layers (multiplex information networks) can be designed for enabling spatially evolving multiagent formations. Specifically, we consider the formation tracking problem and introduce a novel distributed control architecture. The proposed approach allows capable agents to spatially alter density and orientation of the resulting formation while tracking a dynamic, non-stationary target without requiring global information exchange ability. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed distributed control architecture.
Microbiological Quality of Beef Subprimals as Affected by Lactic Acid Sprays Applied at Various Points during Vacuum Storage.

Beef strip loins were sprayed with 1.5% (vol/vol) lactic acid before and/or after 14, 28, 56, 84, and 126 days of vacuum-packaged storage at −1.1 or 2°C to assess the effects on bacteria. Five different treatment combinations including a control (no spray treatment) and one treatment with prestorage acid spray followed by poststorage water spray (A/W) were evaluated. Compared to the controls, 97% of all acid-treated loins had lower microbial counts throughout the storage period. Prestorage acid spray (A/0) was more effective than poststorage acid spray (0/A)with the greatest effects (P 0.05). Poststorage washing resulted in a minimal decontaminating effect, irrespective of the washing agent use...
All optical active high decoder using integrated 2D square lattice photonic crystals

The paper introduces a novel all optical active high 2 × 4 decoder based on 2D photonic crystals (PhC) of silicon rods with permittivity of e = 10.1 × 10−11 farad/m. The main structure of optical decoder is designed using a combination of five nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator, set of T-type waveguide, and line defect of Y and T branch splitters. The proposed structure has two logic input ports, four output ports, and one bias input port. The total size of the proposed 2 × 4 decoder is equal to 40 μm × 38 μm. The PhC structure has a square lattice of silicon rod with refractive index of 3.39 in air. The overall design and the results are discussed through the realization and the numerically simulation to confirm its operation and feasibility.
Effects of g‐Loading and Time Lag on Retesting in Job Selection

Understanding influence on and effects of retesting is important to the selection practitioner. This article examines retesting effects on a series of selection measures for mechanically related positions to extend research that has been conducted in more controlled environments. While validity was not significantly different on retesting, time between test attempts and score increase on Spatial Reasoning were positively related, indicating the possibility of learning effects. Lower score increases were found for highly g-loaded measures, and individuals who showed an increase scored more highly on average on their first attempt. Men tended to increase their scores more than women. We close with a discussion of the practical implications of our findings and how to build on them with future research.
Covert Assessment of the Family System: Patterns, Pictures and Codes

Covert measures of the family system can tap concepts and discover patterns of which family members themselves are unaware and can avoid social desirability bias. Covert measures can be particularly useful in cross-cultural research and can avoid many pitfalls of language and translation. Three such measures which have been used cross-culturally are described. The first is a method of measuring triangulation of children by the parents based on patterns of agreement in a true-false questionnaire describing the family. The second is a projective measure in which family members as a group create a picture of their family distinguishing relationships between individuals and boundaries within and around the family. The third is a global coding scheme used to evaluate family processes from taped interaction.
Design and Test of a ``Hands-On'' Applied Climate Course in an Undergraduate Meteorology Program

Job opportunities for undergraduate meteorology students are decreasing. An innovative course in applied climatology has been designed and tested to help prepare such students for the career options developing in the private sector. Students are trained to use their meteorological knowledge and analytical skills to work interactively with weather-sensitive users in utilities, agribusinesses, water-resource agencies, recreation firms, and transportation companies. The students develop and test climate relationship-decision models in a real-world environment for these organizations. The models they develop bridge existing information “gaps” between climatologists and weather-sensitive managers who 1) do not understand climate information, and/or 2) do not know how to apply it to their environmental or economic decisions. As a result, students receive applied research experience and important “education-to-career” opportunities; that is, students can apply what is learned through direct and often beneficial ...
INTELLIGENT CONTROL FOR DESIGN-BASED AUTOMATED ASSEMBLY

Abstract Automated assembly is the most difficult task in the development of a manufacturing automation system. A large percentage of the direct labor content of a typical product is in the assembly operations. In order to develop an automated assembly cell, an integrated scheme from design to assembly is presented. This scheme represents a design-based automated assembly where the designer’s intent is integrated into the execution of the assembly. An assembly planner utilizes the designer output to generate an optimal assembly plan based on the resources constraints. A task planner converts the high-level assembly plans into a sequence of robotic manipulations. An intelligent control scheme executes the assembly operations based on the task planner’s results and the sensory feedback. Details of the intelligent controller and communication network is presented in this paper, and some of the implementation results are discussed.
Flows and Foliations

In this chapter, we investigate the global theory of ordinary differential equations (flows), referred to as O.D.E., and the Frobenius integrability condition for k-plane distributions (foliations). Although this latter topic concerns global partial differential equations (P.D.E.), our approach will be largely qualitative, with very few explicit partial differential equations in evidence. Unless otherwise indicated, all manifolds will have empty boundary.
Discourse factors in multi-document summarization

The over-abundance of information today, especially online, has established the need for natural language technologies that can help the user find relevant information; multidocument summarization (MDS) and question answering (QA) are two examples. The requirement in MDS and openended QA to produce multi-sentential answers imposes the extra demand that the output of such systems be a coherent discourse. The problem of generating appropriate referring expressions to entities in these texts is non-trivial, because different sentences are taken from their original context and put together to form a text. The new context of the summary often requires changes in surface realization of the references, demanding the inclusion of additional information or removal of redundant information. Such changes can be implemented by gathering a collection of possible references to an entity from the input documents and then rewriting the references in the sentences selected for inclusion in the summary. A question arises how to determine which attributes or descriptions of the referent would be appropriate for the context of the summary.
Calibration of the Length Test for Unreplicated Factorial Designs

The Lenth test is a simple procedure to test for significant factorial effects in unreplicated 2k factorial experiments. Estimated factorial effects are standardized and compared to critical values from a t distribution with (2k - 1)/3 degrees of freedo..
Primary Rhinoplasty:Decision Making

At this point in the text, the surgeon should understand and feel comfortable with each step in the basic rhinoplasty operation. The challenge now is how to progress from Level 1 cases to more complicated deformities, which require a broader array of surgical techniques. What is a logical progression? Surprisingly, many Level 2 nasal deformities are simply Level 1 cases, but with one component being markedly more difficult. For example, many patients with underprojecting tips require a standard approach to the rest of the nose, but sophisticated use of columellar struts and add-on grafts for the tip. Fortunately, the surgeon can progress to Level 2 cases using the basic skills mastered in Level 1 cases. This chapter will emphasize tip surgery because the reality of private practice is that “as the tip goes so goes the rhinoplasty” for both patient and surgeon. In addition, the surgeon will learn how to recognize Level 3 cases. Ultimately, each surgeon will develop their own grading system for Level 1–3 cases, which will facilitate selection of cases and techniques resulting in an expansion of their comfort zone.
The Genetics of Electron Transport in Escherichia coli

The gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobe that can derive energy for growth both fermentatively, via glycolysis, and oxidatively using either oxygen or, under anaerobic conditions, fumarate and nitrate as terminal electron acceptors. The ease with which mutants can be generated, analyzed, and manipulated genetically makes it hardly surprising that this organism has received considerable experimental attention over the last decade (for reviews see Gibson and Cox, 1973; Cox and Gibson, 1974; Haddock and Jones, 1977; Haddock, 1977).
Nitrogen Metabolism In Vivo

In vivo 15N MRS has made a unique contribution to kinetic studies of the individual pathways that control the flux of glutamate in rat brain. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter and is also a component of intermediary metabolism. Current evidence strongly suggests that the metabolic and neurotransmitter pools of glutamate are partly recycled through the glutamine/glutamate cycle, but other pathways such as transamination from leucine contribute to glutamate synthesis.
Reflection, resilience, relationships, and gratitude.

As a dean of a college of pharmacy, I spend most of my days considering and tending to what I perceive to be the needs or well-being of our profession’s future—that is, our student pharmacists. As academic and practice leaders, we have an obligation to prepare them to be successful in realizing
Left hemispatial neglect with a splenial lesion

With injury of the anterior two-thirds of the corpus callosum, each hemisphere's attentional bias to contralateral hemispace becomes manifest with each hand deviating ipsilaterally during line bisection tasks. Patients with infarctions in the right posterior cerebral artery distribution with occipital and splenial damage can also exhibit spatial neglect. The goal of this report is to learn the role of the splenium of the corpus callosum in mediating visuospatial attention. A right-handed woman with Marchiafava-Bignami disease and damage to the splenium of her corpus callosum without evidence of a mesial frontal, parietal, or occipital injury was assessed for spatial neglect with line bisections. When bisecting lines in her left hemispace with her right hand, she deviated to the right, but revealed no major deviations when the line was place in the midline, in right hemispace, or when bisecting lines with her left hand. This patient provides evidence that damage to the splenium can induce a special form of asymmetrical spatial neglect. This asymmetry might be related to the disconnected right hemisphere's ability to allocate attention to both right and left hemispaces with the disconnected left hemisphere's ability to allocate attention to the right but not left hemispace.
Descriptive Analysis of Cardiac Patients Transported by Critical Care Air Transport Teams.

INTRODUCTION Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATTs) transport critically ill patients within and out of theaters of combat operations. Studies of the CCATT population reveal as many as 35% of patients have a non-trauma diagnosis, of which more than half are cardiac.The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the epidemiology of critically ill patients with cardiac diagnoses evacuated from theater via CCATT. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 290 medical patients with a primary cardiac diagnosis transported from any theater of operation to Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Germany from January 2007 to April 2015. RESULTS The majority of patients were male with an average age of 46 ± 11 years, US contractors (47%, n = 137), followed by US Active Duty (32%, n = 93). Patients had an average BMI of 29 ± 5; 62% of cardiac patients were either overweight or obese. The most common cardiac diagnoses were ST elevation myocardial infarction, Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, and angina. Pre-flight vital signs indicate overall patients were stable prior to evacuation, with the majority receiving supplemental oxygen and only 5% requiring mechanical ventilation. Eighty-one percent of patients experienced at least one cardiac event during flight, however less than 5% required adjustment to oxygen or ventilator settings. CONCLUSIONS Critically ill cardiac patients make up a significant portion of patients transported out of the combat theater. These patients are older, overweight and have identified risk factors for cardiac morbidity. More strenuous pre-deployment screening for risk factors and prevention strategies could minimize the use of military resources to evacuate these patients from the combat theater.
Compassion Fatigue in Advanced Practice Registered Nurses: Why Don’t We Know More?

Compassion fatigue (CF) can be detrimental to health care providers' mental and physical health, efficiency, and quality of patient care. Although many studies explore CF in physicians and nurses, there is currently limited published research regarding how advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) develop and address CF. APRNs may be at high risk for developing CF due to their work responsibilities, patient interaction, and personal characteristics. Because of its impact on health care providers, patients, and organizations, APRNs should be aware of the potential causes, symptoms, and negative effects of this phenomenon.