cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dot-it: Managing Nausea and Vomiting for A Peaceful Pregnancy with Personal Pattern Exploration

Nausea and vomiting are the most common discomforts associated with pregnancy. Both significantly impact a pregnant woman's quality of life. Through research, we have discovered that nausea and vomiting have consistent daily patterns that pregnant women can leverage in order to manage their symptoms. However, without specific tools, a considerable amount of time would be spent trying to discover the pattern. Our work aims to help pregnant women find their pattern more quickly and avoid triggers. We present Dot-it, a system that allows pregnant women to record and pattern their NVP episodes so they can plan their daily schedules around their discomfort. Dot-it also facilitates emotional support by notifying pregnant women's partners their symptoms.
Epidemiological characteristics and spatial analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shitai county from 2008 to 2014

Objective To describe the distributions of HFMD in Shitai county,and find its spatial distribution characteristics. Methods Both morbidity status on HFMD were collected from the disease surveillance information reporting system,using SPSS20 and Arc GIS10. 2 software for data analysis. Results From 2008 to 2014,949 patients with HFMD were reported in Shitai county,the average annual incidence of HFMD was 137. 22 / lakh. The male incidence rate was higher than that of female in all age groups and 87. 04% of the patients were children less than 5 years old. The scattered living children and childcare children accounted for 92. 72% of all cases. The annual incidence peak was from May to July. Thirteen HFMD cluster cases were reported,and all the cluster events occurred in nurseries and kindergartens. Severe cases would more possibly happen when the patients were infected by enterovirus 71. The global Moran's I of prevalence rate of the average annual incidence of HFMD was 0. 1895( P 0. 01) and there was spatial auto- correlation as a whole. The local Moran's I index and Getis- Ord Gi statistics both found high positive spatial association and hot spot area,where were located in the town of Renli. Conclusion The prevalent level of HFMD was higher in Shitai county. Key population was children under the age of five,key period was from May to July and key area was Renli town.
Was James Psychologistic

As Thomas Uebel has recently argued, some early logical positivists saw American pragmatism as a kindred form of scientific philosophy. They associated pragmatism with William James, whom they rightly saw as allied with Ernst Mach. But what apparently blocked sympathetic positivists from pursuing commonalities with American pragmatism was the concern that James advocated some form of psychologism, a view they thought could not do justice to the a priori . This paper argues that positivists were wrong to read James as offering a psychologistic account of the a priori . They had encountered James by reading Pragmatism as translated by the unabashedly psychologistic Wilhelm Jerusalem. But in more technical works, James had actually developed a form of conventionalism that anticipated the so-called “relativized” a priori positivists themselves would independently develop. While positivists arrived at conventionalism largely through reflection on the exact sciences, though, James’s account of the a priori grew from his reflections on the biological evolution of cognition, particularly in the context of his Darwin-inspired critique of Herbert Spencer.
Commercial Considerations for Immunoproteomics

The underlying drivers of scientific processes have been rapidly evolving, but the ever-present need for research funding is typically foremost amongst these. Successful laboratories are embracing this reality by making certain that their projects have commercial value right from the beginning of the project conception. Which factors to be considered for commercial success need to be well thought out and incorporated into a project plan with similar levels of detail as would be the technical elements. Specific examples of commercial outcomes in the field of Immunoproteomics are exemplified in this discussion.
Contending Visions of the Middle East: The American century

In the summer of 1914 the First World War broke out, pitting Germany, Austria-Hungary and (a few months later) the Ottoman empire against Britain, France and Russia, joined the following year by Italy and in 1917 by the United States. The war, which cost some ten million lives, resulted in the defeat and dismemberment of the Ottoman empire. After the war the victorious Allies, particularly Britain and France, proceeded to redraw the map of the Middle East and carve a number of new states – Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan (later renamed Jordan) and Palestine – out of what had been the predominantly Arab provinces of the defunct Ottoman empire. Most of Palestine would become part of the new State of Israel in 1948, with the remainder falling under Jordanian or Egyptian control. But otherwise the states which Britain and France established in 1920–21 remain in existence today, their borders little changed. The war also helped set the stage for the conquest by the Sa‘ud family and its allies of much of the Arabian peninsula and the creation in 1932 of the new Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which a decade or so later would begin to develop strong ties with the United States (see Maps 4 and 5). In Europe, the Allies largely fulfilled their wartime commitment to the right of subject peoples to national self-determination, and a number of newly independent nation-states – including Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia – came into being on territory that had previously been ruled by the Austro-Hungarian, Russian or German empires.
Gabapentin in Refractory Partial Seizures

The efficacy of gabapentin as an additional medication in 32 children with refractory partial seizures was studied at the Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA.
Comparing pattern scanning laser trabeculoplasty to selective laser trabeculoplasty: A randomized controlled trial

Purpose To compare safety, tolerability and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy of pattern scanning laser trabeculoplasty (PSLT) with selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in fellow eyes of untreated patients with glaucoma. Design Randomized controlled trial. Participants Twenty-nine patients (58 eyes) with primary and secondary open angle glaucoma (OAG) were randomized to undergo PSLT or SLT in each eye. Methods Pattern scanning laser trabeculoplasty was performed using the Pascal laser (Pascal Streamline 577; Topcon Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Patients' comfort level to treatment was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Follow-up visits were at week 1, month 1, 3 and 6. Success was defined as IOP reduction ≥20%. Main Outcome Measures Safety, tolerability and IOP reduction. Results The mean age of patients was 54.1 ± 15.5 years. Baseline IOP was similar between both groups (PSLT, 17.3 ± 4.0 mmHg; SLT, 16.8 ± 3.6 mmHg, p > 0.05). In the PSLT group, the mean IOP at 1, 3 and 6 months was 14.2 ± 3.5, 13.9 ± 2.6 and 14.0 ± 2.7 mmHg, respectively. In the SLT group, the mean IOP at 1, 3 and 6 months was 14.4 ± 4.1, 13.7 ± 3.2 and 13.7 ± 3.1 mmHg, respectively. The IOP reduction in the PSLT group was greater than the SLT group at 1 month (p < 0.01) and 3 months (p < 0.01). VAS score was better in PSLT eyes: 23.9 ± 20.5 (range, 0–82) than in SLT eyes: 50.4 ± 25.3 (range, 0–98) (p < 0.001). No serious adverse events were recorded. Conclusions Both laser modalities had similar safety and efficacy profiles while PSLT was better tolerated by patients.
Earth’s Incoming Energy: The Total Solar Irradiance

The Sun provides nearly all the energy powering the Earth climate system, far exceeding all other energy sources combined. The incident net radiant energy, the “total solar irradiance,” varies on timescales from minutes to centuries and can cause commensurate changes in Earth’s climate and can affect global and regional temperatures in different ways. Typical solar variations are 0.1% on timescales from days to the 11-year solar cycle and are well measured by precision space-based radiometric instruments. Variations on longer timescales rely on solar models providing historical reconstructions. These estimate similar magnitude changes over centuries, albeit with uncertainties that increase with historical time. Because of the importance of tracking solar irradiance variability to better understand solar influences on climate, space-borne measurements have been continual since 1978 via a series of temporally overlapping instruments. Improved accuracies and stabilities in the most modern instruments are approaching the needed climate-driven measurement requirements for detection of potential long-term solar trends.
Foxo3 Modulation of ATM and Oxidative Stress Mediates Distinct Functions in the Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Fate.

FOXO transcription factors are required for hematopoietic stem cell self renewal. In this study, we demonstrate that Foxo3 plays a specific and essential function in the regulation of both hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell fate. Foxo3 null mice display a myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by splenomegaly, a major expansion of the myeloid compartment in the blood, bone marrow and spleen, cytokine hypersensitivity of progenitors in hematopoietic organs and associated with the repression of the B lymphoid compartment. In addition, loss of Foxo3 leads to significant defects in hematopoietic stem cell numbers and activity. In particular, the numbers of long-term culture initiating cells (LTC-IC) was significantly reduced and the ability to repopulate lethally irradiated mice was severely compromised in Foxo3-defcient mice. This effect was mediated at least partially by enhanced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Foxo3-deficient hematopoietic stem cells as demonstrated 1. by reduced QRT-PCR expression of several anti-oxidant enzymes leading to 2. accumulation of ROS, (as measured by chloromethyl,dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay) in Foxo3 null hematopoietic stem cells, and 3. in vitro and in vivo rescue of the phenotype using ROS scavengers. Furthermore, we demonstrate that while ROS accumulation results in suppression of Foxo3 null hematopoietic stem cell compartment, it enhances the activity of multipotential cells. By measuring RNA versus DNA content, and BrdU uptake, we determined that Foxo3-deficient hematopoietic stem cells exit quiescence (G0) and are impaired in their cycling at the G2/M phase. In particular, we identified ROS activation of p19ARF/p53 pathway and ROS-independent modulation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene and p16INK4a, as major contributors to the interference with Foxo3-deficient hematopoietic stem cell self renewal and cycling. Loss of ATM has been shown to lead to hematopoietic stem cell deficiency. Importantly, we show that ATM gene expression is significantly suppressed in Foxo3-deficient hematopoietic stem cells suggesting that ATM lies downstream of Foxo3. Retroviral expression of a constitutively active form of Foxo3 in Foxo3-deficient bone marrow mononuclear cells enhances significantly the ATM expression suggesting that Foxo3 regulate expression of ATM gene. These combined findings suggest that Foxo3 functions in a tumor suppressor network to protect hematopoietic stem cells against deleterious effects of oxidative damage, to maintain hematopoietic lineage fate determination and to restrict the activity of long term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying hematopoietic stem cell fate.
miR-128-1 is not required for hair pigmentation in mice

MicroRNAs are endogenous, regulatory RNAs implicated in many biological processes including pigmentation. Software algorithms and in vitro experiments predict that microRNAs can target pigmentation pathway genes, but few have been tested in vivo. MiR-128-1, a microRNA within the strongly selected lactase locus in the human genome, has predicted pigmentation targets. To test the role of miR-128-1 in pigment regulation, we created C57BL/6 agouti miR-128-1 knockout mice and quantified melanin deposition in hair. MiR-128-1 knockout mice have no detectable hair pigmentation phenotype. We conclude that miR-128-1 does not play a significant regulatory role in hair pigmentation in mice.
Ndeutala Hishongwa’s Marrying Apartheid: women as part of the struggle for liberation

Being the first novel in English written by a black Namibian woman, Ndeutala Hishongwa’s Marrying Apartheid (1986) represents a turning point within the history of Namibian literature. This novel shows new and important aspects in the Namibian women’s liberation struggle, for Hishongwa presents a black woman as the protagonist who suffers the double effect of apartheid and domestic violence. But Marrying Apartheid also functions as an unequivocal political statement against the injustices of the South African colonial rule and its infamous contract labour system; its ultimate goal is the freedom and independence of Namibia. By fusing autobiographical and fictional elements, Marrying Apartheid is pulling away from the political biographies of those who assumed the leadership of the liberation movement such as John ya-Otto’s Battlefront Namibia and Dennis Mercer’s Breaking Contract: The Story of Vinnia Ndadi , and is thus paving the way for Namibian fiction. Key words: Namibia, Women, apartheid, struggle, literature
Multisensory Congruency Enhances Explicit Awareness in a Sequence Learning Task

We examined the effect of audiovisual training on learning a repeated sequence of motor responses. Participants were trained with either congruent or incongruent audiovisual cues to produce motor responses. Learning was tested by comparing reaction times to untrained sequences and by asking participants to recreate the trained sequence. A strong association was found between the two measures and the majority of high-scoring participants belonged to the congruent audiovisual condition. Because the second measure requires explicit knowledge of the trained sequence, we conclude that audiovisual congruency facilitates explicit learning.
A scalable process for manufacturing integrated, washable smart garments applied to heart rate monitoring

We present a new method for building wearable electronic and sensor systems in which all components are permanently integrated directly into garments in high volume except for the battery. We discuss the design and construction of the first such fully-integrated sensor system, wearable heart rate monitoring garments (a sports bra, a compression short, and a compression shirt) that are machine washable. We demonstrate that heart rate measurements can be detected by our system's fabric-based electrodes. We also show experimental results from wash testing of the garment. The process described herein can be applied to the construction of computational and sensor systems for healthcare, sports, virtual reality, and first responder and military personnel monitoring, among others.
The solution to a kind of Stackelberg game systems with multi-follower: coordinative and incentive

A kind of Stackelberg game problems with multi-follower is dealt with in this paper. In contrast with the general one-leader multifollower Stackelberg game problems, the assumption that the Nash equilibrium relation holds among the followers is not necessary in the discussion of this paper. By selectting a proper strategy, the multifollower problem is transferred to a single-follower problem. In other words, the one-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game problem is transferred to a simplicit-function problem and a one-leader one-follower Stackelberg game problem. The one-leader multi-follower game process is, in fact, the coordinative and incentive process. For a large class of game systems, the general conditions are proposed for the existence of the coordinative and incentive strategies. The one-leader two-follower problems under different performance indexes are discussed in detail in this paper.
Survey of Four Uncertainty Quantifications Methods in Systems Engineering

Uncertainty is an inherent property of engineering systems. Many methods for quantifying uncertainty have been proposed and applied to systems engineering. In this paper, we survey some of the literature on uncertainty quantification and comment on some criticisms of various approaches. We specifically focus on four selected methods: Monte Carlo simulation, cross entropy methods, fuzzy theory, and evidence theory.
Abnormal Carbohydrate Metabolism in Chronic Renal Failure: THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF ACCELERATED GLUCOSE PRODUCTION, INCREASED GLUCONEOGENESIS, AND IMPAIRED GLUCOSE DISPOSAL

To delineate the potential role of disordered glucose and glucose-precursor kinetics in the abnormal carbohydrate metabolism of chronic renal failure, alanine and glucose production and utilization and gluconeogenesis from alanine were studied in patients with chronic compensated renal insufficiency and in normal volunteers. With simultaneous primed injection-continuous infusions of radiolabeled alanine and glucose, rates of metabolite turnover and precursor-product interrelationships were calculated from the plateau portion of the appropriate specific activity curves. All subjects were studied in the postabsorption state. In 13 patients with chronic renal failure (creatinine = 10.7±1.2 mg/100 ml; mean±SEM), glucose turnover was found to be 1,035±99.3 μmol/min. This rate was increased 56% (P = 0.003) over that observed in control subjects (664±33.5 μmol/min). Alanine turnover was 474±96.0 μmol/min in azotemic patients. This rate was 191% greater (P = 0.007) than the rate determined in control subjects (163±19.4 μmol/min). Gluconeogenesis from alanine and the percent of glucose production contributed by gluconeogenesis from alanine were increased in patients with chronic renal failure (192% and 169%, respectively) as compared to controls (P < 0.05 for each). Alanine utilization for gluconeogenesis was increased from 40.2±3.86 μmol/min in control subjects to 143±39.0 μmol/min in azotemic patients (P < 0.05). The percent of alanine utilization accounted for by gluconeogenesis was not altered in chronic renal insufficiency. In nondiabetic azotemic subjects, mean fasting glucose and immunoreactive insulin levels were increased 24.3% (P = 0.005) and 130% (P = 0.046), respectively. These results in patients with chronic renal failure demonstrate (a) increased glucose production and utilization, (b) increased gluconeogenesis from alanine, (c) increased alanine production and utilization, and (d) a relative impairment to glucose disposal. We conclude that chronic azotemia is characterized by increased rates of glucose and glucose precursor flux and by a relative impairment to glucose disposal. These findings may suggest an underlying hepatic and peripheral insensitivity to the metabolic action of insulin in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.
Multivariate analysis reveals environmental and genetic determinants of element covariation in the maize grain ionome

Plants obtain elements from the soil through genetic and biochemical pathways responsive to physiological state and environment. Most perturbations affect multiple elements which leads the ionome, the full complement of mineral nutrients in an organism, to vary as an integrated network rather than a set of distinct single elements. To examine the genetic basis of covariation in the accumulation of multiple elements, we analyzed maize kernel ionomes from Intermated B73 x Mo17 (IBM) recombinant inbred populations grown in 10 environments. We compared quantitative trait loci (QTL) determining single-element variation to QTL that predict variation in principal components (PCs) of multiple-element covariance. Single-element and multivariate approaches detected partially overlapping sets of loci. In addition to loci co-localizing with single-element QTL, multivariate traits within environments were controlled by loci with significant multi-element effects not detectable using single-element traits. Gene-by-environment interactions underlying multiple-element covariance were identified through QTL analyses of principal component models of ionome variation. In addition to interactive effects, growth environment had a profound effect on the elemental profiles and multi-element phenotypes were significantly correlated with specific environmental variables.
Loss of Peroxisomal Hydroxypyruvate Reductase Inhibits Triose Phosphate Isomerase but Stimulates Cyclic Photosynthetic Electron Flow and the Glc-6P-Phosphate Shunt

The oxygenation of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate by Rubisco is the first step in photorespiration and reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis in C3 plants. Our recent data indicates that mutants in photorespiration have increased rates of photosynthetic cyclic electron flow around photosystem I. We investigated mutant lines lacking peroxisomal hydroxypyruvate reductase to determine if there are connections between 2-PG accumulation and cyclic electron flow. We found that 2-PG is a competitive inhibitor of triose phosphate isomerase (TPI), an enzyme in the Calvin-Benson cycle that converts glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. This block in metabolism could be overcome if glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is exported to the cytosol where the cytosolic triose phosphate isomerase could convert it to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. We found evidence that carbon is reimported as Glc-6P-phosphate forming a cytosolic bypass around the block of stromal TPI. However, this also stimulates a Glc-6P-phosphate shunt, which consumes ATP, which can be compensated by higher rates of cyclic electron flow.
The Catholic Church, AIDS, and Sexuality in Ireland: Uncovering Part of the Story

The article responds to an issue article on the response of the Roman Catholic Church to AIDS in Ireland during the 1980s. Topics include the impact of Catholic teachings on human sexuality, the views of Catholic priest Paul Lavelle on the decriminalization of homosexuality and access to condoms, and the roles of drug injection and men who have sex with men (MSM) in HIV transmission in Ireland.
The Involvement of Gs in Regulation of the L-Type Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channel

Our interest in calcium channels was prompted by the results of studies published by Hescheler and collaborators at the beginning of 1987, in which these authors showed in whole cell recordings that the inhibitory regulation of the voltage gate calcium channels in NG108-15 cells in response to opioids is reconstituted after pertussis toxin (PTX) treatment with Go as well as Gi [1]. We attempted to obtain similar results by adding activated PTX-sensitive G proteins (Go or Gi) to inside-out membrane patches of cardiac ventricle cells, but we were faced with the fact that single calcium channel currents in inside-out membrane patches are extremely unstable, inactivating within 15–30s from the time of patch excision. By studying ways to stabilize calcium channel function in inside-out membrane patches we noted that these channels could be stabilized by activating what appeared to be Gs. The following is an account of some of these experiments and the research that followed.
Nondelayed transvaginal repair of high lying vesicovaginal fistula.

AbstractThe management of vesicovaginal fistula still remains controversial in regard to the timing of repair and type of approach. A total of 16 patients underwent transvaginal repair of simple nonradiated vesicovaginal fistulas. In 7 patients the repairs were less than 3 months after the injury, while in 9 the delay was greater than 3 months. A total of 14 patients had high lying lesions (fistulas above the trigone) and 2 had low lying lesions (fistulas below the trigone). Of the 16 patients 15 (94%) stopped leaking after a transvaginal repair. All 7 patients with high lying lesions who underwent operative repair less than 3 months after injury were dry. We advocate early nondelayed repair of high and low lying simple nonradiated vesicovaginal fistulas using the transvaginal approach. The customary waiting period of 3 to 6 months before repair may not be warranted.
11C-DPA-713 Versus 18F-GE-180: A Preclinical Comparison of Translocator Protein 18 kDa PET Tracers to Visualize Acute and Chronic Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Stroke

Neuroinflammation plays a key role in neuronal injury after ischemic stroke. PET imaging of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) permits longitudinal, noninvasive visualization of neuroinflammation in both preclinical and clinical settings. Many TSPO tracers have been developed, however, it is unclear which tracer is the most sensitive and accurate for monitoring the in vivo spatiotemporal dynamics of neuroinflammation across applications. Hence, there is a need for head-to-head comparisons of promising TSPO PET tracers across different disease states. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to directly compare 2 promising second-generation TSPO tracers, 11C-DPA-713 and 18F-GE-180, for the first time at acute and chronic time points after ischemic stroke. Methods: After distal middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery, mice underwent consecutive PET/CT imaging with 11C-DPA-713 and 18F-GE-180 at 2, 6, and 28 d after stroke. T2-weighted MR images were acquired to enable delineation of ipsilateral (infarct) and contralateral brain regions of interest (ROIs). PET/CT images were analyzed by calculating percentage injected dose per gram in MR-guided ROIs. SUV ratios were determined using the contralateral thalamus (SUVTh) as a pseudoreference region. Ex vivo autoradiography and immunohistochemistry were performed to verify in vivo findings. Results: Significantly increased tracer uptake was observed in the ipsilateral compared with contralateral ROI (SUVTh, 50-60 min summed data) at acute and chronic time points using 11C-DPA-713 and 18F-GE-180. Ex vivo autoradiography confirmed in vivo findings demonstrating increased TSPO tracer uptake in infarcted versus contralateral brain tissue. Importantly, a significant correlation was identified between microglial/macrophage activation (cluster of differentiation 68 immunostaining) and 11C-DPA-713- PET signal, which was not evident with 18F-GE-180. No significant correlations were observed between TSPO PET and activated astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining). Conclusion: 11C-DPA-713 and 18F-GE-180 PET enable detection of neuroinflammation at acute and chronic time points after cerebral ischemia in mice. 11C-DPA-713 PET reflects the extent of microglial activation in infarcted distal middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse brain tissue more accurately than 18F-GE-180 and appears to be slightly more sensitive. These results highlight the potential of 11C-DPA-713 for tracking microglial activation in vivo after stroke and warrant further investigation in both preclinical and clinical settings.
Dementia Care Work in Singapore: Embodied Relations and Power Dynamics

Based on research at a dementia day-care center in Singapore, I discuss how embodied care relations proceed amidst cultural expectations on aging, dementia, and care work. Engaging with approaches that conceptualize "care" as either empathy or control, I argue that care between older people with dementia, their families, and care workers can be understood as a reiterative, dialogic process whereby care participants strive to keep pace with each other, however briefly, due to cognitive decline, care workers' own limitations, and particular family difficulties. Care vacillates between practices of control, surveillance, and recognition, and comprises dynamic rather than enduring power relations.
Shareholder Primacy and Worker Prosperity: A Broken Link

The increasing financialization of America’s large public companies has profoundly affected labor markets. Wages are stagnant, income inequality has grown, and corporate America is no longer a provider of stable employment for middle-class workers. Common explanations include globalization, the rising power of the financial sector itself, the decline of trade union power, and skill-biased technical change. However, changes in how corporations earn profits, and how they use those profits—the two strands of behavior that I call corporate financialization—are key drivers of rising economic insecurity, and require further consideration.
How to Think about ‘Mental Ability’ in Running and Other Sports

ABSTRACTCoaches and athletes often talk about ‘mental abilities’ that improve athletic performance in a way distinct from physical talents. But the existence of distinct mental abilities in sport i...
Discovery Tools in the Classroom: A Usability Study and Implications for Information Literacy Instruction

In 2016, the University of Colorado Colorado Springs (UCCS) library acquired ProQuest’s discovery tool Summon. To determine when information literacy instruction using Summon would be effective and...
A SEMI-SUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING PIPELINE FOR CARDIAC RISK STRATIFICATION USING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

The current guidelines for echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) utilize decision trees with rigid recursive dichotomizing rules, leading to overlapping and indeterminate outcomes. We investigated a novel machine-learning pipeline to integrate complex clinical
An Energy Efficient Non-Volatile Flip-Flop based on CoMET Technology

As we approach the limits of CMOS scaling, researchers are developing "beyond-CMOS" technologies to sustain the technological benefits associated with device scaling. Spin-tronic technologies have emerged as a promising beyond-CMOS technology due to their inherent benefits over CMOS such as high integration density, low leakage power, radiation hardness, and non-volatility. These benefits make spintronic devices an attractive successor to CMOS—especially for memory circuits. However, spintronic devices generally suffer from slower switching speeds and higher write energy, which limits their usability. In an effort to close the energy-delay gap between CMOS and spintronics, device concepts such as CoMET (Composite-Input Magnetoelectric-base Logic Technology) have been introduced, which collectively leverage material phenomena such as the spin-Hall effect and the magnetoelectric effect to enable fast, energy efficient device operation. In this work, we propose a non-volatile flip-flop (NVFF) based on CoMET technology that is capable of achieving up to two orders of magnitude less write energy than CMOS. This low write energy (≈2 aJ) makes our CoMET NVFF especially attractive to architectures that require frequent backup operations—e.g., for energy harvesting non-volatile processors.
Susceptibility of two-dimensional resonance Raman spectroscopies to cascades involving solute and solvent molecules

Two-dimensional resonance Raman (2DRR) spectroscopies have been used to investigate the structural heterogeneity of ensembles and chemical reaction mechanisms in recent years. Our previous work suggests that the intensities of artifacts may be comparable to the desired 2DRR response for some chemical systems and experimental approaches. In a type of artifact known as a "cascade," the four-wave mixing signal field radiated by one molecule induces a four-wave mixing process in a second molecule. We consider the susceptibility of 2DRR spectroscopy to various types of signal cascades in the present work. Calculations are conducted using empirical parameters obtained for a molecule with an intramolecular charge-transfer transition in acetonitrile. For a fully impulsive pulse sequence, it is shown that "parallel" cascades involving two solute molecules are generally more intense than that of the desired 2DRR response when the solute's mode displacements are 1.0 or less. In addition, we find that the magnitudes of parallel cascades involving both solute and solvent molecules (i.e., a solute-solvent cascade) may exceed that of the 2DRR response when the solute possesses small mode displacements. It is tempting to assume that solute-solvent cascades possess negligible intensities because the off-resonant Raman cross sections of solvents are usually 4-6 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the electronically resonant solute; however, the present calculations show that the difference in solute and solvent concentrations can fully compensate for the difference in Raman cross sections under common experimental conditions. Implications for control experiments and alternate approaches for 2DRR spectroscopy are discussed.
Ethnic discrimination predicting academic attitudes for Latinx students in middle childhood

Abstract The current study is a two-year study examining perceptions of teacher and peer discrimination among Latinx children in middle childhood (n = 156). We examined the frequency and type of teacher and peer discrimination Latinx children perceive; whether perceptions of teacher and peer discrimination predict changes in children's academic attitudes over time (namely, their interest in academics, perceived importance of academic success, school belonging, and perceptions of Latinx peers' academic norms); and whether this influence is moderated by the school ethnic context. Results indicated that a majority of children perceived at least one instance of school-based discrimination, more often from teachers than peers. Further, controlling for academic performance, perceptions of discrimination from teachers, albeit infrequent, led to a lower school belonging and more negative perceptions of their Latino peers' academic norms. School context moderated the links between peer and teacher discrimination and perceived interest in and importance of academics.
Individual-, Community-, and Health System-Level Barriers to Optimal Type 2 Diabetes Care for Inner-City African Americans: An Integrative Review and Model Development.

PurposeThe purpose of this integrative review is (1) to elucidate the unique barriers faced by inner-city African Americans for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) care; (2) to identify effective interventions/...
Vectors in Three-Dimensional Space

We introduce vector analysis using fluid mechanics as the vehicle for providing physical meaning to the concepts of vectors and the associated definitions and operations.
General Principles of Assessment

The mental health clinician frequently faces the challenging and worrisome task of evaluating suicidal patients both to determine the degree of risk and to develop an appropriate management and treatment plan.* Unfortunately, many individuals do not present with an explicit chief complaint related to suicide nor do they reveal their self-destructive intent. Thus, the evaluator should elicit information from all patients about suicidal thoughts and preoccupations and should be alert to indicators of increased risk.
Rudimentary, “functionless” first metapodials of Canis latrans : variation and association in length with longer, functional metapodials

A tenet of evolutionary theory is that phenotypic variation of a trait is inversely related to the intensity of stabilizing selection pressure. Among homologous bones, such as metapodials, a rudimentary, "nonfunctional" bone is expected to be more variable in length than nonrudimentary bones. This study compares variation and association in length among metapodials using 277 adult skeletons of Canis latrans. Canis latrans has a short, "functionless" first metacarpal (mc1) and "rudimentary, vestigial" first metatarsal (mt1). Results show that among the 10 metapodials, mt1 has the highest variation in length; other metapodials do not differ significantly from one another in their variation. Correlation coefficients for length of mc1 and mt1 with their ipsilateral metapodials 2-5 are significantly lower than coefficients for all other ipsilateral pairs. The correlation coefficient between left and right mt1 is significantly the lowest among all bilateral pairs of metapodials. Results are interpreted as follows. Mt1's high variation and low association in length are the outcome of less intense stabilizing selection pressure compared with other metapodials. The nonsignificant difference for variation in length between mc1 and metapodials 2-5 may be that mc1 is functional for development of a pollical dewclaw that helps restrain small prey.
Biological Control of Spotted-Wing Drosophila: An Update on Promising Agents

Following the global invasion of Drosophila suzukii (spotted-wing drosophila or SWD), nearly 100 studies have explored biological control of this pest. In 2019, a review summarized 75+ papers covering 57 species of SWD parasitoids, predators, competitors, and pathogens and identified the most promising ones. This review provides an update with recent studies. Since parasitoids are promising natural enemies that can be host-specific and self-disperse, this chapter focuses on SWD parasitoids in its invaded and native ranges, and prospects for classical biological control. To date, six species have been confirmed to attack SWD in the invaded regions including three widely studied generalist pupal parasitoids, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae, Trichopria drosophilae, and T. anastrephae. No locally occurring larval drosophila parasitoids can develop from SWD. In contrast, foreign explorations in China, Japan, and South Korea have revealed 19 species of SWD larval parasitoids. Asobara japonica, Ganaspis brasiliensis, and Leptopilina japonica spp. japonica have been evaluated. Ganaspis brasiliensis is a complex of cryptic species/strains with varying host specificity, some which also occur in regions outside of Asia, but one East Asian strain was found to be the most host-specific to SWD and is currently being petitioned for introduction into North America and Europe.
Turbulence: The 1990s in Chino Basin

In the 1990s, the dissatisfaction with the management of groundwater storage and water quality erupted in a period of open hostility in Chino Basin. The rift entailed not only changes to the basin management approach but a revision to the basin governance structure. A group of groundwater users organized a restructuring of a key component of the basin governance structure, the court-appointed Chino Basin Watermaster. The existing Watermaster entity resisted, and the dispute produced years of turmoil and uncertainty. The judge and a pair of appointed experts became deeply involved in the process also. Toward the end of the decade, a new watermaster was appointed for an interim period and charged with a substantial overhaul of groundwater management in Chino Basin toward a more adaptive program.
Thermodynamics of boron incorporation in BGaN

We study the thermodynamics of boron (B) incorporation into gallium nitride (GaN) using first-principles calculations. In the dilute limit, we have calculated the formation energies of different configurations of the B impurity in GaN and found that substitution on the cation site is favored over substitution on the anion site. Under $p$-type conditions, interstitial boron can become the more favorable configuration and will ultimately limit the $p$-type conductivity. At higher B concentrations we use the generalized quasi-chemical approximation to elucidate the thermodynamic stability of boron gallium nitride (BGaN) alloys. We also investigate the effects of strain, which will be present if BGaN alloys are grown pseudomorphically on a GaN substrate. Without strain, B incorporation at typical growth conditions is limited to about 1.4% at $800{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}\mathrm{C}$. Pseudomorphic strain raises the limit to 3.0% at the same temperature, close to experimentally observed levels of B incorporation.
14-OR: Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Real-World Use of Dapagliflozin

A noninterventional postauthorization safety study in adult patients with type 2 diabetes compared the incidence of hospitalized diagnoses of acute kidney injury (hAKI) in new users of dapagliflozin and new users of comparator glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs), matched by index year, age, sex, and region. Comparators included GLDs other than SGLT2 inhibitors or monotherapy of insulin, metformin, or sulfonylureas. Data from US Medicare (2014-2017), US HealthCore Integrated Research Database (HIRD) (2014-2019), and UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (2012-2018) were included. Incidence rates of hAKI were calculated by exposure group and compared with adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) with covariate adjustment by propensity score trimming and stratification. A pooled aIRR was estimated by the Mantel-Haenszel method. The number of included person-years of dapagliflozin and comparator exposure, respectively, was 12,389 and 30,737 in CPRD, 12,575 and 111,919 in HIRD, and 9,208 and 141,313 in Medicare. The mean age (years) was 57 in CPRD, 52 in HIRD, and 71 in Medicare. Approximately 41% in CPRD, 47% in HIRD, and 50% in Medicare were women. All aIRRs and upper 95% confidence limits (CI) were below the null (figure); the pooled aIRR was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.62-0.78). This real-world study shows a decreased risk of hAKI associated with dapagliflozin compared with other GLDs and aligns with results from dapagliflozin clinical trials. Disclosure C. Johannes: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca. H. Chen: None. A. Gilsenan: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca. J. Layton: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca. D. C. Beachler: Employee; Self; Anthem Inc. (HealthCore). R. M. Ziemiecki: Research Support; Self; Astellas Pharma Inc., AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc. L. Li: Other Relationship; Self; Pfizer Inc. H. E. Danysh: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca. J. Dinh: None. P. R. Hunt: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca, Stock/Shareholder; Self; AstraZeneca. C. Karlsson: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca, Stock/Shareholder; Self; AstraZeneca.
Provider perceptions and practices for appearance-related psychosocial distress caused by dermatologic disease in children.

Background/objectives Differences in appearance are often stigmatized in society, and dermatologic disease can lead to psychological and social sequelae that significantly impact patient quality of life. However, discrepancy between patient-reported and physician-assessed psychological distress raises a question of how clinicians are prepared in recognizing and managing the psychosocial impact of a child's skin condition. We aim to identify current practices among healthcare providers toward properly addressing appearance-related psychosocial distress in pediatric dermatology patients. Methods Surveys assessing provider attitude and practices to appearance-related distress were distributed to members of the Society of Pediatric Dermatology via the Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance, and Florida Chapter of American Academy of Pediatrics. Results Over half of respondents report encountering appearance-related psychosocial distress on a daily basis and believe screening to be important. However, only 14% use a validated screening tool and 18% screen all patients. Major obstacles to generalized screening were limited time and staffing. Self-reported knowledge and management of appearance-related psychosocial distress includes direct counseling and referrals to local support groups, mental health providers, specialized summer camps, and school-affiliated resources. Nevertheless, 86% expressed interest in learning more about appearance-related psychosocial distress, particularly about patient education and resources. Conclusions Although clinicians frequently encounter appearance-related distress with pediatric dermatology patients, screening is selective and lacks standardization. Self-reported knowledge and management is comprehensive, but there is a need for increased training in patient education and resources.
Repairing Steel Girder End Corrosion Using Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Abstract This paper presents a case study of using ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) to repair a large steel highway bridge severely damaged by corrosion at the plate girder ends and the steel...
Applications of Few-Hundred Microarcsecond VLBI Astrometry: Planetary Relativistic Deflection, PPN Gamma Determination and Deep-Space Tracking

This paper presents several applications of a few hundred microarcsecond (μas) astrometric technique which has been developed and demonstrated using differential very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). A brief description of the technique along with several applications will be discussed below. This technique was developed for high-accuracy deep-space tracking[1], but the first application tracked an extragalactic radio source in a measurement of Jovian relativistic deflection[2]. Current work includes making a state-of-the-art solar deflection measurement, and thus, an improved determination of the Parameterized Post Newtonian (PPN) gamma parameter[3]. A number a future spacecraft tracking applications, described below, are also enabled by this technique.
Mental Disorders and the Law

This chapter provides an introduction to the major classes of mental disorder and the ways in which they are salient to selected aspects of American criminal and civil law.
Differential identification of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium marinum.

This report deals with the differential diagnosis between Mycobacterium marinum and M. kansasii. We found that the two species could be differentiated by using six main tests, namely, the nitrate reduction test, the arylsulfatase test, the ability to grow in the presence of 10.0 μg of amithiazone per ml, the ability to grow in the presence of 5.0 μg of kanamycin per ml, the temperature-ratio test, and the rate of growth on solid medium. In contrast to M. kansasii, considerable variation was observed among strains of M. marinum. However, the evidence obtained was not considered sufficient to justify the conclusion that more than one species was represented among the strains identified as M. marinum.
Service Needs, Usage, and Delivery

Abstract This paper provides a review of relevant literature on the needs, usage and effectiveness of service delivery to African American elderly. Barriers impeding service usage are addressed and recommendations to make services more user friendly and more accessible to this vulnerable population are offered. The value of, and the reasons for considerable usage of informal systems of support by African American elderly is explained and affirmed. The need for more intentional and focused efforts to integrate and deliver formalized services is also encouraged.
Eventual arm and leg widths in cocharacters of P. I. Algebras

Given a p.i. algebra A, we study which partitions A correspond to characters with non-zero multiplicities in the cocharacter sequence of A. We define the ω 0 (A), the eventual arm width to be the maximal d so that such λ can have d parts arbitrarily large, and ω 1 (A) to be the maximum h so that the conjugate λ' could have h arbitrarily large parts. Our main result is that for any A, ω 0 (A) ≥ ω 1 (A).
The integration of science and practice in one training program: Outcomes of a manualized career counseling group

An example of training Counseling Psychology graduate students in integrating science and practice is detailed through the presentation of the development, implementation, and evaluation of a Cognitive Information Processing approach-based career counseling group. Pilot data on initial group outcomes is presented and involves a sample of 59 undergraduate students that participated in the five-session intervention developed by faculty and students. Following the intervention, participants reported significant decreases in negative thinking and significant increases in career decision-making self-efficacy. The continued development of this collaboration and benefits of involving students in their training as scientist-practitioners is discussed.