cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Moderating effects of age and context on the relationship between gender, sex role differences, and coping

We examined age, gender, sex role, and context differences in type of coping among adolescents through older adults. They were given measures of coping and sex role orientation for both relationship and achievement contexts. Emotion-focused coping decreased with age, with high-femininity individuals reporting higher levels of coping. Older low-feminine adults reported greater use of emotion-focused coping than all other subjects except adolescents. Problem-focused coping showed an upward trend with age for low-feminine subjects. High-feminine subjects followed a similar trend until adulthood and then showed a decrease. Achievement and relationship contexts moderated the relationship between age, gender, sex role orientation, and problem-focused coping. Results are discussed in terms of sex roles and adult development.
The Goblin Spider Genus Oonopoides in North and Central America (Araneae, Oonopidae)

ABSTRACT The goblin spider genus Oonopoides Bryant was established for a species from Cuba, Oonopoides maxillaris Bryant, and most of the species that have subsequently been assigned to the genus are from that island. The group is actually circum-Caribbean in distribution, but many of its members have been misplaced in the genus Oonops Templeton; here we treat those representatives of the genus that have been collected in North and Central America. Six specific names are transferred from Oonops to Oonopoides: O. endicus Chickering from Florida and the Bahama Islands, O. secretus Gertsch from Texas and Tamaulipas, O mitchelli Gertsch from Mexico, and O. pallidulus (Chickering), O. tenebus Chickering, and O. anoxus Chickering from Panama. Males of O. zullinii Brignoli from Mexico and females of O. secretus are described for the first time; O. tenebus is placed as the male, and hence a junior synonym, of O. pallidulus. The holotype of Oonops zeteki Chickering from Panama is a juvenile that probably belongs t...
Processor allocation strategies for modified hypercubes

Modified hypercubes (MHs) have been proposed as building blocks for hypercube-based parallel systems that support the application of incremental growth techniques. In contrast, implementing the standard hypercube cannot be expanded in practice. However, processor allocation for MHs is a more difficult task due to a slight deviation in their topology from that of the standard hypercube. The paper proposes two strategies to solve the processor allocation problem for MHs. The proposed strategies are characterised by perfect subcube recognition ability and superior performance. Furthermore, two existing processor allocation strategies for standard hypercube networks, namely the buddy and free-list strategies, are shown to be ineffective for MHs, in the light of their inability to recognise many available subcubes. A comparative analysis that involves the buddy strategy and the new strategies is carried out using simulation results.
Diffusional anisotropy in collagenous tissues: fluorescence imaging of continuous point photobleaching.

Molecular transport in avascular collagenous tissues such as articular cartilage occurs primarily via diffusion. The presence of ordered structures in the extracellular matrix may influence the local transport of macromolecules, leading to anisotropic diffusion depending on the relative size of the molecule and that of extracellular matrix structures. Here we present what we believe is a novel photobleaching technique for measuring the anisotropic diffusivity of macromolecules in collagenous tissues. We hypothesized that macromolecular diffusion is anisotropic in collagenous tissues, depending on molecular size and the local organization of the collagen structure. A theoretical model and experimental protocol for fluorescence imaging of continuous point photobleaching was developed to measure diffusional anisotropy. Significant anisotropy was observed in highly ordered collagenous tissues such as ligament, with diffusivity ratios >2 along the fiber direction compared to the perpendicular direction. In less-ordered tissues such as articular cartilage, diffusional anisotropy was dependent on site in the tissue and size of the diffusing molecule. Anisotropic diffusion was also dependent on the size of the diffusing molecule, with greatest anisotropy observed for larger molecules. These findings suggest that diffusional transport of macromolecules is anisotropic in collagenous tissues, with higher rates of diffusion along primary orientation of collagen fibers.
On Nonlinear Normal Modes of Systems With Internal Resonance

A complex-variable invariant-manifold approach is used to construct the normal modes of weakly nonlinear discrete systems with cubic geometric nonlinearities and either a one-to-one or a three-to-one internal resonance. The nonlinear mode shapes are assumed to be slightly curved four-dimensional manifolds tangent to the linear eigenspaces of the two modes involved in the internal resonance at the equilibrium position. The dynamics on these manifolds is governed by three first-order autonomous equations. In contrast with the case of no internal resonance, the number of nonlinear normal modes may be more than the number of linear normal modes. Bifrcations of the calculated nonlinear normal modes are investigated.
Breeding Biology of the Rhinoceros Auklet in Washington

During 1974 through 1983, we investigated the breeding biology of the Rhinoceros Auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata) at three main colony sites on the coast of Washington: Destruction Island (offshore) and Protection and Smith islands (inland islands of the Strait of Juan de Fuca). Average burrow densities were higher offshore, where the auklets nested on shrub-covered slopes; inland auklets nested on grassy slopes and level areas. Egg-laying patterns varied among years and populations, although initiation dates on all islands were similar. The incubation periods averaged 45 days and ranged from 39 to 52 days. Chicks were brooded, on average, for 3.9 days (range zero to 9 days). On Protection Island, early-hatched young grew more rapidly than chicks hatched at a later date. Chicks on offshore islands were fed a variety of fish, whereas those on inland islands were fed primarily two species. The inland chicks were fed heavier fish loads, reached heavier peak body weights, and were heavier when they fledged than were offshore chicks. Breeding success was higher on the inland colony sites.
The Vibroseis system; a high-frequency tool

Exploration methods are extended to their limits as we continue the search for energy resources. Successful application of high-frequency seismic methods requires evaluating each element in the seismic acquisition system and ensuring that each part of the system contributes to the success of the method. This extends from seismic signal generation through data processing where good equipment performance and correct parameter selections are required.The Vibroseis system depends upon the ability of vibrators to generate synchronous, repeatable sweeps over the frequency range of interest. To support our high-frequency seismic efforts, Conoco Inc. has developed and built a new high-frequency vibrator. This paper includes some of the considerations used in building the vibrator, along with typical baseplate responses showing excellent drive levels to the design goal of 200 Hz. With an excellent source available, correct application is essential to assure retention of high-frequency data. Recording offsets, array lengths, and array sampling must be selected for the sweep frequencies used. Also, approximate matching of the data acquisition system response to the spectral response of the earth reduces the dynamic range requirements for recording systems and subsequent data processing. Data are included showing the successful application of high-frequency techniques to stratigraphic exploration problems.
Computer-Aided Recoding to Create Structured and Analyzable System Models

In embedded system design, the quality of the input model has a direct bearing on the effectiveness of the system exploration and synthesis tools. Given a well-written system model, tools today are effective in generating working implementations. However, readily available C reference code is not conducive for immediate system synthesis as it lacks needed features for automatic analysis and synthesis. Among others, the lack of proper structure and the presence of intractable pointers in the reference code are factors that seriously hamper the effectiveness of system design tools. To overcome these deficiencies, we aim to automate the conversion of flat C code into a well-structured system model by applying automated source code transformations. We present a set of computer-aided recoding operations that enable the system designer to mitigate pointer problems and quickly create the necessary structural hierarchy so that the design model becomes easily analyzable and synthesizable. Utilizing the designer’s knowledge, our interactive recoding transformations aid the designer in efficiently creating well-structured system models for rapid design space exploration and successful synthesis. Our estimated and measured experimental results show significant productivity gains through a substantial reduction of the model creation time.
Fast prototyping of a goal-oriented simulation environment sytem

The goal-oriented Simulation Environment Systems (SES) architecture “humanizes” the problem solving process by providing a more natural scheme of model construction and experimentation over traditional simulation languages. SES is a collection of integrated tools that allows users to focus on problem solving rather than on the peripheral activities of programming.Interactive software plays a vital role in reducing the burden on the user in describing the various information types. It prompts for information regarding identification of controllable parameters, generation of the goal scenario, and definition of performance criteria. Efforts are made to supply the user with as much information as is currently defined in the model base when eliciting responses. Further, the SES model specification language is specifically designed to support a library of model parts. Such a library serves as a corporate memory of past simulation studies and contains information on component behaviors, transaction sequences, and analysis rules.
Identification of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins in bovine tracheal smooth muscle.

The identity of G-proteins in airway smooth muscle is not well elucidated. In the present study, by immunoblotting using AS/7 antibody specific for Giα−1/2, EC/2 antibody specific for Giα−3 and RM/1 antibody specific for GSa, we identified, respectively, Mr 39, 41, 46 and 52 KDa, Mr 41 and 43 KDa, and Mr 43 and 46 KDa polypeptides of conventional (heterotrimeric) G-proteins in purified membranes of bovine tracheal smooth muscle. The identity of the Mr 41, 43 and 52 KDa Giα, and the Mr 43 and 46 Gsα was also confirmed by ADP-ribosylation with pertussis and cholera toxins, respectively. In addition, the common antibody (AG/1) for both Giα and Gsα revealed the presence of all the above polypeptides, except the Mr 52 KDa band. By nitrocellulose blot overlay with [35S]GTPγS, we also detected seven low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins of Mr 18–30 KDa in the bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Photoaffinity crosslinking of [α-32P]GTP demonstrated the presence of high molecular GTP-binding proteins of Mr 55, 75 and 110 KDa. It is concluded that plasma membranes of bovine tracheal smooth muscle contain various types of conventional, low molecular weight and high molecular weight G-proteins. This warrantes further attention to elucidate the functional roles of G-proteins in airway smooth muscle.
Adapting and Using Quality Management Methods to Improve Health Promotion

Although the western world is the most technologically advanced civilization to date, it is also the most addicted, obese, medicated, and in-debt adult population in history. Experts had predicted that the 21st century would be a time of better health and prosperity. Although wealth has increased, our quest to quell health problems using a pathogenic approach without understanding the interconnectedness of everyone and everything has damaged personal and planetary health. While current efforts help identify and eliminate causes of problems, they do not facilitate the creation of health and well-being as would be done with a salutogenic approach. Sociologist Aaron Antonovsky coined the term salutogenesis in 1979. It is derived from salus, which is Latin for health, and genesis, meaning to give birth. Salutogenesis, the study of the origins and creation of health, provides a method to identify an interconnected way to enhance well-being. Salutogenesis provides a framework for a method of practice to improve health promotion efforts. This article illustrates how quality management methods can be used to guide health promotion efforts focused on improving health beyond the absence of disease.
Intraoperative hemodilution and autologous platelet rich plasma collection: two techniques for collecting fresh autologous blood.

Intraoperative hemodilution (IH) and autologous platelet rich plasma (APRP) collection are two techniques used to obtain autologous blood in the operating room. They have been used to reduce allogeneic blood exposure in patients undergoing both cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. Both components have the advantage of providing fresh blood not subject to the storage lesion. Whole blood (IH) or platelet rich plasma is removed from the patient as anesthesia is induced and replaced with acellular fluid. The blood is transfused back after bypass or major bleeding has ceased. Although used commonly, the data supporting the use of either technique are controversial. Methodologic problems which have confounded studies evaluating their utility include: poorly defined transfusion criteria, concommitant use of other blood conservation techniques (i.e. cell salvage, pharmacologic agents, hypothermia, controlled hypotension) and changing transfusion practices with greater tolerance of normovolemic anemia. Randomized controlled studies with well defined up to date transfusion criteria are needed to identify patients likely to benefit from these techniques.
Internet access produces misinformed patients: Managing the confusion

The Internet has produced a truly phenomenal increase in access to information. This is really only helpful to patients if the information is filtered and appropriate to their specific needs. Too often patients access information about conditions they have self-diagnosed and bring it to the consultation with their physician, who then has to spend time disabusing the patients of the misinformation they have accumulated. Patients also return home from their initial consultation, access the Internet, and come up with all manner of promotional information from companies and even orthopedic practices that they want explained to them by their physician. It is the overwhelming conclusion of orthopedic specialists that this kind of Internet use is actually a burden for them in caring for patients and is not contributing to patient enlightenment. It does not have to be this way, if physicians will do just 2 things: first, create white papers for patients that address common current questions, such as surgical approach or bearing surfaces for implants and why we do what we do. This is a huge time saver and will preempt many questions. Second, develop their own website or select excellent nonprejudicial sites to which they can refer patients. To do less will invite a neverending parade of questions irrelevant to patient welfare.
MATERNAL ABILITY AND GENETIC ABILITY OF BIRTH WEIGHT AND GESTATION LENGTH.

Abstract Birth weights and available gestation lengths of 1,064 Holstein calves at the Southern Michigan Prison, Jackson, Michigan, were analyzed to determine the effect of differences in maternal ability and genetic ability. The average birth weight and gestation length was 97.4 ± .30 lb and 278.9 ± .35 days, respectively. The birth weight of males was 1.6 ± .59 lb more than females and they were gestated 0.9 ± .70 days longer. Mature cows had calves which averaged 4.7 lb heavier than calves of 2-yr-old cows. Calves born from September to March were 1.6 ± .59 lb heavier than calves born from April through August. Heritability of birth weight was 0.22 and of gestation length was 0.10. The genetic correlation between birth weight and gestation length was 0.57. The correlations between the genie ability for either birth weight or gestation length and the genie maternal ability for the same trait was −.93 for both traits. The heritability for maternal ability of gestation length was 0.05, whereas the heritability for maternal ability of birth weight was 0.04. The heritability of birth weight and gestation length may be smaller than the calculated heritability for each trait, due to negative genetic correlation with maternal ability.
Defects and AlSb Precipitate Nucleation in Laser Irradiated Aluminum

Lattice defects and precipitates induced in unimplanted and Sb-implanted single crystal Al by single pulse irradiation with a Q-switched ruby laser were studied using ion beam analysis and electron microscopy. The absorbed laser energy during irradiation is directly measured in these studies to allow precise numerical modeling of the melt times and temperature profiles. For unimplanted Al, slip deformation gives rise to increased channeled yields throughout the analyzed depth and occurs for energies well below the melt threshold energy of 3.5 J/cm/sup 2/. Slip deformation is also observed for irradiation energies above the melt threshold energy, and melting is accompanied by a discontinuous increase in the minimum channeling yield.
FORMULAE FOR THE CALCULATION AND ESTIMATION OF WRITHE

Detailed analyses and proofs of various formulae used for the calculation and estimation of the writhe of a space curve are given. A new formula for calculating the rate of change of writhe under smooth deformation is presented. This latter result is used to show that the writhe of a closed curve evolving under certain nonlinear evolution equations is conserved.
Froth and Scum: Truth, Beauty, Goodness, and the Ax Murder in America's First Mass Medium

Two notorious antebellum New York murder cases--a prostitute slashed in an elegant brothel and a tradesman bludgeoned by the brother of inventor Samuel Colt--set off journalistic scrambles over the meanings of truth, objectivity, and the duty of the press that reverberate to this day. In 1833 an entirely new kind of newspaper--cheap, feisty, and politically independent--introduced American readers to the novel concept of what has come to be called objectivity in news coverage. The penny press was the first medium that claimed to present the true, unbiased facts to a democratic audience. But in Froth and Scum , Andie Tucher explores--and explodes--the notion that 'objective' reporting will discover a single, definitive truth. As they do now, news stories of the time aroused strong feelings about the possibility of justice, the privileges of power, and the nature of evil. The prostitute's murder in 1836 sparked an impassioned public debate, but one newspaper's 'impartial investigation' pleased the powerful by helping the killer go free. Colt's 1841 murder of the tradesman inspired universal condemnation, but the newspapers' singleminded focus on his conviction allowed another secret criminal to escape. By examining media coverage of these two sensational murders, Tucher reveals how a community's needs and anxieties can shape its public truths. The manuscript of this book won the 1991 Allan Nevins Prize of the Society of American Historians for the best-written dissertation in American history. from the book Journalism is important. It catches events on the cusp between now and then--events that still may be changing, developing, ripening. And while new interpretations of the past can alter our understanding of lives once led, new interpretations of the present can alter the course of our lives as we live them. Understanding the news properly is important. The way a community receives the news is profoundly influenced by who its members are, what they hope and fear and wish, and how they think about their fellow citizens. It is informed by some of the most occult and abstract of human ideas, about truth, beauty, goodness, and justice.
The need for global managers: a business necessity

Multinational corporations need to recognize the importance of international management development. Formal human resource programs, tied to business objectives, need to be established. Ignoring the importance of global management development leads to missed market opportunities. Understanding and support at the executive level is a necessity. Human resource information systems need to include international data elements to help in the identification of candidates. Training budgets have to shift course work from a domestic focus to multicultural and international marketplace issues. The home and host managers must agree to the objectives for the employee prior to the assignment start. Repatriation assignments must align with the experience.
Identification of two new metabolites of caffeine in the rat urine.

L'acide 1, 3, 7-trimethyldihydro-urique et la 3, 6, 8-trimethylallantoine ont ete identifies comme metabolites nouveaux de la caffeine dans l'urine de rat.
‘What do you notice?’ Using posters containing questions and general instructions to guide preschoolers' science and mathematics learning

To increase preschoolers' science and mathematics learning experiences both within and outside the classroom, we developed age‐appropriate materials containing general questions and instructions that teachers and parents could use when interacting with their students and children. The questions and instructions were related to a specific science or mathematics skill (e.g., classifying), but were general enough so that they could be applied to a variety of situations. Observations of three classrooms and interviews with the classroom teachers and aides, and the parents of the children in the classrooms suggested that use of these materials was beneficial to the children, teachers, and parents, and resulted in increasing the amount of science and mathematics activities and discussions in two of the classrooms as well as outside the classrooms.
Z 0 asymmetries in jets in e + e − annihilation as a test of quark-fragmentation models

We derive a relation between the theoretical quark-production asymmetries and measured jet asymmetries in ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ annihilation using simple parameters obtained from quark-fragmentation models. We show that with a suitable choice of jet criteria one should be able to observe sizable effects in spite of problems caused by quark misidentification. Mass effects near new-quark thresholds and the shapes of quark asymmetries for different flavors are discussed.
Hill shading and the reflectance map

Shaded overlays for maps give the user an immediate appreciation for the surface topography since they appeal to an important visual depth cue. A brief review of the history of manual methods is followed by a discussion of a number of methods that have been proposed for the automatic generation of shaded overlays. These techniques are compared using the reflectance map as a common representation for the dependence of tone or gray level on the orientation of surface elements.
Expression and distribution of μ opioid receptors in the inner ear of the rat

Opioid peptides have demonstrated modulatory effects on the vestibular afferent discharge and are putative vestibular efferent neuromodulators. The distribution of their receptors in the mammalian vestibular epithelia is not known. We used reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in situ hybridization, Western blots and immunohistochemistry to study the expression of mu opioid receptor (MOR) in the Scarpa's ganglia and cristae ampullares of rats. MOR transcript was only detected in the somata of the vestibular afferent neurons. MOR-like immunoreactivity was observed in the somata of vestibular afferents and in nerve terminals in the cristae ampullares epithelia both in the center and peripheral regions. Double labeling of cristae sections with the MOR1 antibody in combination with antibodies against calretinin (a marker for vestibular afferents terminating in calices) and peripherin (a marker for afferents terminating in boutons), respectively showed that MOR1 immunoreactivity was in calyx, dimorphic and bouton vestibular afferents. MOR immunoreactivity was not detected in vestibular efferent fibers identified with choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. These results indicate that MOR may mediate effects of vestibular efferents on afferents.
Millimeter-Wave Spatial Multiplexing in an Indoor Environment

A unique feature of communication at millimeter (mm) wave carrier frequencies is that spatial multiplexing is available for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) links with moderate antenna spacing even without a rich scattering environment. In this paper, we investigate the potential for exploiting this observation for increasing the spectral efficiency of indoor 60 GHz links. We begin by establishing limits on the spatial degrees of freedom available for linear antenna arrays of constrained length. A system architecture designed to exploit the available degrees of freedom, including beamforming as well as spatial multiplexing, is proposed. We evaluate the link capacity achievable by the proposed architecture when operating in a simple indoor environment. The results illustrate the relationship between between the channel quality and the relative positions of the transmit and receive nodes. up to 10.2 Gbps. For wireless links to close this gap, new wireless architectures are required. With this motivation in mind, we investigate spatial mul- tiplexing as a means to increase spectral efficiency at mm- wave frequencies. We first consider the spatial degrees of freedom that are available in a mm-wave LOS environment given linear arrays of constrained size. We find that the physical dimensions of common consumer electronic devices are sufficient to permit spatial multiplexing of several data streams at 60 GHz. We then describe a system architecture that exploits the available spatial degrees of freedom. The architecture, originally proposed in (3), employs a two-level hierarchical design that decouples the tasks of beamsteering and multiplexing at the transmitter. The performance of the proposed architecture, as measured by link capacity, is sim- ulated assuming a simple indoor environment model. The results demonstrate that performance is dependent on the
Abstract 2684: Immunosensitization of apoptosis-resistant MART-1 negative human melanomas by bortezomib

Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of ex-vivo engineered autologous lymphocytes encoding high-affinity MART-1+/ HLA A*0210+-specific T-cell receptor α/β (TCRα/β) (F5 CTL) mediates dramatic, but partial, clinical responses in lymphodepleted metastatic melanoma patients. Various mechanisms have been postulated for the limited clinical responses. Selective outgrowth of antigen (MART-1)-loss variants is one potential mechanism of immune-resistance. Our first hypothesis is that development of MART-1-loss variants is due to MART-1 down-modulation upon encountering F5 CTLs. We also hypothesized aberrant apoptotic signaling may contribute to immune-resistance. To test these hypotheses, we established an in vitro model of resistant (R) lines from sensitive parental (P) lines under F5 CTL-selective pressure. Unlike P lines, F5 CTLs failed to recognize and kill R lines. Moreover, R lines exhibited hyper-activation of NF-κB anti-apoptotic signaling pathway and over-expression of NF-κB-dependent resistant-factors. Specific pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB and silencing of resistant-factors (siRNA) were required, but insufficient, to restore sensitivity of R lines. MART-1 peptide pulsing restored recognition (cytokine release) but not killing of R lines by F5 CTLs. However, bortezomib blocked NF-κB activity, reduced expression of resistant-factors, restored MART-1 expression, and immuno-sensitized R lines. Moreover, MART-1 specific CTLs from metastatic melanoma patients were unable to kill the R lines, whereas bortezomib sensitized the R lines to MART-specific CD8 cells. These novel results suggest that bortezomib interferes with both deregulated signaling pathway and restores recognition of poorly-immunogenic resistant-variants by melanoma-reactive CTLs, thus, imposes a pro-apoptotic/MART-1+ phenotype to R cells and reverses their acquired-resistance. Results also imply that immune-resistance is multi-faceted; development of MHC-/Ag-loss variants and perturbed apoptotic signaling pathways are both important contributing factors. Combining targeted therapy with F5 CTL overrides resistance, which may improve clinical responses. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2684. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2684
Technical Note: A New Deconvolution Scheme for the Retrieval of True DMA Transfer Function from Tandem DMA Data

A new deconvolution scheme is proposed to retrieve the true transfer function of differential mobility analyzers (DMAs) from tandem DMA (TDMA) experimental data. Apart from the existing methods in which the transfer function is represented as either a triangular or a Gaussian shape, the true DMA transfer function in the new scheme is represented by a piecewise linear function. The conjugate gradient optimization method is used to find the best fit between the calculated and experimental TDMA data. It is shown that the scheme is insensitive to experimental error and able to differentiate the shapes of DMA transfer functions for different particle sizes. The scheme is further applied to obtain the true transfer function of Nano-DMA (Chen et al. 1998).
Drug Addiction, Relapse, and the Amygdala

Evidence has extensively implicated the amygdala in the associative learning process for appetitive reinforcers. Recent interest has focused on the role of the amygdala in the learned associations that occur during the process of drug addiction and relapse. Using an animal model of relapse after chronic cocaine self-administration, we found that rats reinstate extinguished lever responding for conditioned stimuli (tone + light) previously paired with cocaine or heroin ("conditioned-cued reinstatement"). The basolateral amygdala (BLA) complex plays a critical role in this behavior, because permanent lesions or reversible pharmacologic inactivation of the BLA attenuates conditioned-cued reinstatement without affecting cocaine self-administration or cocaine-primed reinstatement. Conditioned-cued reinstatement appears to be mediated in part by dopamine inputs to the BLA, as intra-BLA infusion of a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist blocks reinstatement, whereas intra-BLA infusion of amphetamine potentiates reinstatement. Furthermore, the BLA is also necessary for acquisition of associative learning with cocaine-paired stimuli. Disruption of neural activity within the BLA by sodium channel blockade or muscarinic receptor blockade just before acquisition of stimulus-cocaine associations blocks the ability of conditioned stimuli to elicit conditioned-cued reinstatement after extinction. Together, these results reveal the importance of the amygdala as part of a corticolimbic circuit mediating both the acquisition and the expression of conditioning that plays a critical role in relapse to drug-seeking behavior.
Imaging moving objects from multiply scattered waves and multiple sensors

In this paper, we develop a linearized imaging theory that combines the spatial, temporal and spectral components of multiply scattered waves as they scatter from moving objects. In particular, we consider the case of multiple fixed sensors transmitting and receiving information from multiply scattered waves. We use a priori information about the multipath background. We use a simple model for multiple scattering, namely scattering from a fixed, perfectly reflecting (mirror) plane. We base our image reconstruction and velocity estimation technique on a modification of a filtered backprojection method that produces a phase-space image. We plot examples of point-spread functions for different geometries and waveforms, and from these plots, we estimate the resolution in space and velocity. Through this analysis, we are able to identify how the imaging system depends on parameters such as bandwidth and number of sensors. We ultimately show that enhanced phase-space resolution for a distribution of moving and stationary targets in a multipath environment may be achieved using multiple sensors.
Coal-like Thermal Behavior of a Carbon-Based Environmentally Benign New Material: Woodceramics

Woodceramics prepared from apple pomace, which were obtained by impregnating it with phenolic resin and sintering the material at different temperatures of 1073 K (sample AWC800) and 1473 K (sample AWC1200), were investigated mainly by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry−thermogravimetry (DSC−TG). The as-prepared samples were amorphous; using XRD, broad peaks with d-spacings of ca. 0.57−0.52 and ca. 0.36−0.38 nm were observed. This result suggested the presence of at least two different phases: the former, which is attributed to a structure derived from aliphatic chains, and the latter, which is attributed to a structure derived from aromatic rings (graphene-like layers). By heating to 1273 K, the aromatic-ring stacking or graphene-like layers developed in three dimensions, whereas the aliphatic chains, which are more prone to oxidization, disappeared when heated in air. Therefore, it was suggested that combustible fragments with aliphatic chains develop via pyrolys...
KTP Laser Nerve Sparing Radical Prostatectomy: Comparison of Ultrasonic and Cold Scissor Dissection on Cavernous Nerve Function

Purpose: Energy sources used during nerve sparing radical prostatectomy are known to compromise cavernous nerve function. Lasers offer the potential for accurate dissection while minimizing collateral injury to delicate neural structures. We evaluated cavernous nerve function following KTP laser dissection and compared outcomes to those of ultrasonic shears and cold scissor dissection.Materials and Methods: Laparoscopic unilateral neurovascular bundle mobilization was performed in 36 survival dogs using a KTP laser, ultrasonic shears and an athermal technique with cold scissors and clips in 12 each. Peak intracavernous pressure upon cavernous nerve stimulation, expressed as a percent of mean arterial pressure, was measured acutely and at 1 month. Thermal spread from the KTP laser and ultrasonic shears was assessed histologically ex vivo in harvested peritoneum.Results: Median peak intracavernous pressure as a percent of mean arterial pressure was similar immediately and 1 month after laser and athermal di...
The effect of β-naphthoflavone and phenobarbital on UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in King Salmon (Oncorhyncus tshawytscha)

Abstract Groups of king salmon, under anesthesia with MS222, received either a single injection of 100 mg/kg body weight (β-naphthoflavone) or two injections at the same ratio (phenobarbital) three weeks prior to sacrifice. Controls received the appropriate vehicle only. Hepatic microsomes were prepared and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) activities toward 4-nitrophenol, 1-naphthol and bilirubin were assayed. Activities toward 4-nitrophenol and 1-naphthol in β-naphthoflavone-treated fish were increased 1·81-and 2·15-fold respectively. Bilirubin UDPGT activity was not detectable. No induction by phenobarbital was observed. Kinetic analyses of 4-nitrophenol activity with respect to UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGA) and 4-nitrophenol concentrations were carried out. Km and Vmax values for UDPGA were 1·7 mM and 1·1 units/mg, respectively. Between 0·05 and 4·0mM 4-nitrophenol the reaction velocity increased linearly, indicating a lack of affinity for this substrate.
A fifth-time action approach to the conformal instability problem in euclidean quantum gravity

Abstract The fifth-time action technique (a general method for defining bottomless action theories) is applied to euclidean quantum gravity, whose Einstein-Hilbert action is unbounded from below. A stabilized, diffeomorphism invariant action is generated, which has the same classical equations of motion as the unstable euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action. The stabilized action flips the sign of the “wrong-sign” mode in the kinetic term, and is non-local in the interaction terms. Equivalently, Green functions of the stabilized D = 4 theory can be computed from a D = 5 dimensional functional integral, whose “fifth-time” action is local, as well as diffeomorphism invariant and bounded from below. It is argued that the D = 4 Green functions defined in this way are also reflection positive. The D = 5 formulation thus appears to be a good starting point for latticization and numerical simulation.
Lingual nerve injury as a complication of rigid fixation of the sagittal ramus osteotomy : report of a case

This article describes a previously unreported complication of lingual nerve anesthesia and injury as a result of rigid fixation of the mandibular sagittal split osteotomy. The etiology of this injury is discussed and the surgical management using transoral microneurosurgical techniques is described.
Design considerations for aircraft relays

The missions specified for highperformance military aircraft have continually increased the relay switching requirements. Concurrently, the environmental and operational parameters tax the maximum capability of the state of the art. In addition, these relays must have increased reliability since their purpose is to provide simultaneous multiple functions, and also controls beyond the capability of the human operator.
Television's new humane collectivity

Analysis of the manifest content of Taxi, Barney Miller, Lou Grant, and M*A*S*H reveals three predominant fantasy themes: the realization of significant others, the alliance in action, and membership into personhood. From these three themes emerges a rhetorical vision, the new humane collectivity, which focuses on a meaningful and rewarding existence based on humane, sympathetic awareness of and concern for the group, the individuals who comprise the group, and the society which surrounds it.
In vitro Evolution of Ligands to the Membrane Protein Caveolin

Membrane proteins comprise a third of the human genome, yet present challenging targets for reverse che- mical genetics. For example, although implicated in numerous diseases including multiple myeloma, the membrane protein caveolin-1 appears to offer a poor target for the discovery of synthetic ligands due to its largely unknown structure and insolubility. To break this impasse and identify new classes of caveolae controlling lead compounds, we applied phage-based, reverse chemical genetics for the discovery of caveolin-1 ligands derivedfromtheanti-HIVtherapeuticT20.SubstitutionofhomologousresiduesintotheT20sequenceusedaprocessanalogousto medicinal chemistry for the affinity maturation to bind caveolin. The resultant caveolin-1 ligands bound with >1000-fold higher affinity than wild-type T20. Two types of ELISAs and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) measurements demonstrated high affinitybindingtocaveolinbytheT20variantswithKdvaluesinthe150nMrange.Microscopyexperimentswiththehighestaffinity caveolin ligands confirmed colocalization of the ligands with endogenous caveolin in NIH 3T3 cells. The results establish the foundation for targeting caveolin and caveolae formation in living cells.
Intralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with an aneurysmal aberrant aortic branch.

43-year-old woman, with no prior history of significant medical disease, presented with persistent vague chest discomfort and cough. A chest x-ray film showed a calcified mass in the left lower lobe, compatible with old granulomatous disease (Figure 1, A). However, a subsequent computed tomographic (CT) scan of the chest revealed a low-density lesion within the left lower lobe (Figure E1) with no evidence of surrounding parenchymal consolidation. A large feeding vessel, 2.5 cm in diameter, with a diffusely calcified wall was noted to arise from the lower thoracic aorta (Figure 1, B). Its course was better delineated on sagittal images and with a 3-dimensional reconstruction of a CT angiogram (Figures E2 and 2, A). The lower lobe mass had venous drainage to the left atrium. This anatomic relationship was compatible with an intralobar pulmonary sequestration. The patient underwent a left thoracotomy. There was no surgical plane between the mass and the surrounding left lower lobe. The diagnosis of intralobar sequestration was confirmed by the intralobar position of the mass, a systemic arterial feeding vessel, and normal pulmonary venous drainage. After suture closure of the large feeding vessel (Figure 2, B), a standard resection of the left lower lobe containing the sequestration completed the procedure. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the fifth postoperative day. Clinical Summary Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital abnormality characterized by a bronchopulmonary segment with an anomalous systemic arterial blood supply. There are two variants: intralobar and extralobar. The former is a lung segment contained within the normal visceral pleura and pulmonary parenchyma. In extralobar sequestration, the bronchopulmonary tissue is outside the visceral pleura and may be contained in its own pleural envelope. Intralobar sequestration is most frequently diagnosed in the pediatric population and shows equal gender prevalence. It is rarely found in patients aged above 40 years. 1,2 In the adult population, this lesion must be distinguished from the far more common neoplastic lesions, especially bronchogenic carcinoma. Up to 15% of patients, particularly in the adult population, do not have symptoms when the sequestration is discovered. 3 Presentation varies from the incidental finding of a mass in an asymptomatic patient to symptoms of recurrent bronchitis or pneumonia. The diagnosis is usually obtained by CT scan, and the anatomy may be better defined using CT angiography or magnetic resonance angiography. The pathogenesis of sequestration is the result of an accessory lung bud that develops from the ventral primitive foregut as it migrates caudally and receives systemic arterial supply instead of the normal pulmonary arterial supply. Some authors maintain that intralobar sequestration in older adults represents an acquired lesion related to bronchial obstruction, pneumonia, pulmonary
Magnetic source imaging based on the minimum-norm least-squares inverse.

The flow of ionic currents within the neurons of cerebral cortex produces a magnetic field that can be detected outside the human scalp. The dominant contribution is attributed to pyramidal cells, which are preferentially oriented perpendicular to the cortical surface. In general, it is not possible to deduce a unique representation of the spatial configuration of these cortical sources from a measurement of their field pattern alone. However, accuratea priori knowledge of the geometry of the underlying cerebral cortex makes it possible to infer the spatial configuration of these transcortical current sources, moment by moment, without imposing a simplified model such as a small set of current dipoles. To achieve such a realistic magnetic source image, we have introduced what we call the "Minimum-Norm Least-Squares Inverse" (MNLS inverse) for the magnetic problem. The MNLS inverse provides the least residual error in accounting for the measured field pattern, with a source current distribution having minimum power. An extension of this procedure provides an inverse solution for average field power, as opposed to fieldper se. This makes it possible to define spatial configurations of spontaneous cortical activity not phase-locked to a sensory stimulus. Rhythmic activity such as the occipital alpha rhythm is one example. Thus, it is possible to determine spatial patterns of enhanced or suppressed cortical rhythms that accompany cognitive processes and some pathological conditions. This paper provides the necessary background for understanding these recent developments, as well as examples of how they might be used.
Influence of Carbon Monoxide Upon Some Respiratory Enzymes of the Chick Embryo

Hearts of 17-day-old chick embryos were assayed for alterations in lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity following exposure to 425 ppm carbon monoxide during the previous 24 to 168 hours of incubation. The level of the heme-containing enzyme, cytochrome oxidase, was significantly less in the exposed than in the control embryos, and biologic effects of exposure and interaction were noted. There was no sigificant difference between the level of the nonheme-containing enzyme lactic dehydrogenase in the control and exposed group. Hypertrophy of the heart was noted in embryos exposed to CO for 144 and 168 hours.
Conflict resolution: a recontextualization

Challenges one of the dominant assumptions of the current cultural paradigm, namely that conflict is inevitable between people and groups with differing goals, values and priorities. Given that conflict is seen as inevitable, the field of conflict resolution has arisen to resolve conflict through a variety of techniques and behavioural tools. Two main schools of thought exist on the issue: (1) the traditional school, whose approach sees conflict as “bad” and its elimination as desirable; (2) the interactionist or modern school, whose approach sees conflict as functional and in need of being “managed” effectively. Virtually no one in the field would even suggest that a conflict‐free state could be reached. Argues that the technology for understanding and creating such a state exists and is available for use.
Science and Scholarship in Pediatrics. Presidential Address, American Pediatric Society, 1979 Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia

Science and Scholarship in Pediatrics. Presidential Address, American Pediatric Society, 1979 Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia