cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 745: Structure-activity relationship study of the novel aspirin-based anticancer compounds

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC We performed a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of novel derivatives of aspirin (ASA) which show strong anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. We synthesized a series of ASA-based benzyl esters (ABEs) and evaluated their inhibitory activity against human colon (HT-29 and SW480) and pancreatic cancer cell lines (BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2). The ABEs that we studied largely comprise organic benzyl esters bearing an ASA or acyloxy group (X) at the meta or para position of the benzyl ring and one of four different leaving groups. The nature of the salicyloyl/acyloxy function, the leaving group, and the additional substituents affecting the electron density of the benzyl ring, all were influential determinants of the cancer cell growth inhibitory activity of each ABE. Positional isomerism also played a significant role in this effect. Our SAR study provides an insight into the biological properties of this novel class of compounds and underscores their potential as anticancer agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 745.
Performance of High Tunnel Tomato Cultivars in Northern New England

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growers select cultivars based on a range of performance criteria. Currently, however, information regarding tomato cultivar performance in high tunnels is lacking. We conducted a tomato cultivar trial in an 1800-ft plastic-covered high tunnel in Durham, NH, with 15 indeterminate cultivars using organic fertilizers and pesticides. Tomatoes were grown in-ground in a randomized complete block design (n = 4) using raised beds with plastic mulch and drip irrigation. Marketable and unmarketable yield, several yield components, and susceptibility to two common diseases, leaf mold (Fulvia fulva) and powdery mildew (Oidium lycopersici or Leveillula taurica), were evaluated over a 3-year period. Differences between cultivars existed in all areas of interest, and year-to-year variation in performance was noteworthy in this experiment. ‘Geronimo’ consistently had among the highest yields, ‘Arbason’ and ‘Massada’ produced many individual fruit, and several cultivars including Rebelski, Massada, and Geronimo showed no signs of disease. Some cultivars such as Conestoga appeared susceptible to several different physiological disorders while others were relatively robust against this type of marketable yield reduction. Because we assessed multiple yield and quality variables and observed apparent trade-offs in several of these, we used radar plots to summarize and communicate the performance of each cultivar in an intuitive and comparable manner. Based on these data, several tomato cultivars appear particularly well suited for high tunnel production in northern New England.
The Implementation of “Multi-Layered Senses Dynamic-Static Integrated Approach” in the Wushu Course Instruction for the Non-Majors——Turning the Crammed “Ducks” into the Learning “Persons”

Innovating teaching approach is one of the important ways to improve teaching quality. This paper,based on the new goals and new requirements,suggests in the modern teaching approaches and integrates the features of wushu instruction,and proposes "multi layered senses dynamic static integrated approach" in the wushu instruction process. Such an approach arouses the learners interest and notivates them to learn self consciously,thus turning them into thinking and acting "persons" from the "crammed ducks" as they once were in the traditional approach,and at the same time,it improves the students skills and logic thinking.
Trends in Mortality Disparities by Area-Based Poverty in New York City, 1990-2010.

Residing in a high-poverty area has consistently been associated with higher mortality rates, but the association between poverty and mortality can change over time. We examine the association between neighborhood poverty and mortality in New York City (NYC) during 1990–2010 to document mortality disparity changes over time and determine causes of death for which disparities are greatest. We used NYC and New York state mortality data for years 1990, 2000, and 2010 to calculate all-cause and cause-specific age-adjusted death rates (AADRs) by census tract poverty (CTP), which is the proportion of persons in a census tract living below the federal poverty threshold. We calculated mortality disparities, measured as the difference in AADR between the lowest and highest CTP groups, within and across race/ethnicity, nativity, and sex categories by year. We observed higher all-cause AADRs with higher CTP for each year for all race/ethnicities, both sexes, and US-born persons. Mortality disparities decreased progressively during 1990-2010 for the NYC population overall, for each race/ethnic group, and for the majority of causes of death. The overall mortality disparity between the highest and lowest CTP groups during 2010 was 2.55 deaths/1000 population. The largest contributors to mortality disparities were heart disease (51.52 deaths/100,000 population), human immunodeficiency virus (19.96/100,000 population), and diabetes (19.59/100,000 population). We show that progress was made in narrowing socioeconomic disparities in mortality during 1990–2010, but substantial disparities remain. Future efforts toward achieving health equity in NYC mortality should focus on areas contributing most to disparities.
Reformation of Dense/lean Combustion Technology for 300 MW Plant

The features of the multi staged-air combustion technology is described,Low nitrogen transformation measures such as dense/lean combustion,primary air piping,secondary air systems,Air preheater system are proposed. Heat economy and safety after the reformation is analysed. It is verified that NOxemission reduced greatly,emission concentration reduced to 240 mg/m3.
The relationship of prostate specific antigen levels and residual tumor volume in stage A prostate cancer.

AbstractPreoperative serum prostate specific antigen correlates well with morphometrically determined prostate tumor volume in prostatectomy specimens. However, since prostate specific antigen is produced by hyperplastic as well as malignant prostatic epithelium, the contribution of hyperplastic epithelium (benign prostatic hyperplasia) to serum prostate specific antigen interferes with the ability of serum prostate specific antigen to predict tumor volume in individual patients. We wondered if the removal of benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue would increase the correlation between prostate specific antigen and tumor volume, and, thus, make prostate specific antigen a more accurate predictor of residual cancer volume after transurethral resection of the prostate. A total of 67 patients with clinical stage A cancer underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (22, or 33%, with stage Al and 45, or 67%, with stage A2 disease), and had pre-radical prostatectomy measurement of serum prostate specific antigen an...
Hassles versus prices

Suppose that a government or NGO has a valuable health product, such as bed nets to prevent infection by malarial mosquitoes or hand soap to prevent the spread of disease. It wants to distribute this product to those who need it, but not everyone needs or will use the product. Thus, if the organization gives the product away for free, a substantial amount may be wasted. On page 889 of this issue, Dupas et al. show that introducing small hassles, such as visiting a store each month to redeem a voucher, can be a much more effective way of reducing wastage than charging for the product ( 1 ).
Local and Use-Dependent Effects of β-Amyloid Oligomers on NMDA Receptor Function Revealed by Optical Quantal Analysis.

Beta amyloid (Aβ) triggers the elimination of excitatory synaptic connections in the CNS, an early manifestation of Alzheimer9s disease. Oligomeric assemblies of Aβ peptide associate with excitatory synapses resulting in synapse elimination through a process that requires NMDA-type glutamate receptor activation. Whether Aβ affects synaptic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function directly and acts locally at synapses to which it has bound and whether synaptic activity influences Aβ synaptic binding and synaptotoxicity have remained fundamental questions. Here, we used subcellular Ca2+ imaging in rat hippocampal neurons to visualize NMDAR function at individual synapses before and after Aβ application. Aβ triggered a robust impairment of NMDAR Ca2+ entry at most, but not all, synapses. NMDAR function was more severely impaired at highly active synapses and synapses with bound Aβ, but activity was not required for Aβ synapse binding. Blocking NMDARs during Aβ exposure prevented Aβ-mediated impairment. Finally, Aβ impaired NMDAR Ca2+ entry at doses much lower than those required for NMDAR internalization, revealing a novel, potent mode of NMDAR regulation by Aβ. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Amyloid β (Aβ) is strongly implicated in Alzheimer9s disease. Aβ triggers the elimination of excitatory synapses through a mechanism that requires NMDA receptors (NMDARs). However, little is known about how or whether Aβ influences synaptic NMDAR function. We used an imaging-based assay to investigate the relationship among Aβ binding, activity, and NMDAR function at individual synapses. Aβ triggered a robust impairment of NMDAR Ca2+ entry at most, but not all, synapses. NMDAR function was more severely impaired at highly active synapses and synapses with bound Aβ. Blocking NMDARs during Aβ exposure prevented Aβ-mediated impairment. Together, our experiments reveal a novel use-dependent, potent, and local mode of Aβ-mediated NMDAR impairment.
Oxidation-induced failure in semi-crystalline organic thin films

Abstract Polymer oxidation is a major degradation mechanism in organic solar cells. However, microstructural details of diffusion-reaction processes and oxidation-induced failure in structured semi-crystalline active layers are difficult to be predicted or measured, due to material heterogeneities, such as different material phases, crystallinities, nano-film thickness. Hence, a diffusion-reaction process has been coupled to a crystalline-amorphous material model and fracture algorithm within a nonlinear microstructurally-based finite element (FEM) framework to investigate and predict heterogeneous oxidative degradation and embrittlement failure in semi-crystalline organic thin films due to the interrelated effects of diffusion, reaction, stress accumulations, and crystalline packing order. The edge-on packing oriented film was more susceptible to oxidation than the face-on oriented packing film due to higher local stresses and reaction accumulations that resulted in higher decrease of local toughness and extensive film cracking in the amorphous phase. The coupled effects of mechanical stresses and oxygen diffusion-reaction accelerated degradation mechanisms and resulted in film cracking and delamination occurring at lower nominal strains in comparison with the case without oxidation embrittlement. Degradation was dominated by the reaction process and exposure time, as opposed to the diffusion process due to the nano-sized films. This predictive framework can be used to understand fundamental local oxidative degradation mechanisms and the morphological effects on long term durability of semi-crystalline organic thin films.
Analysis of drugs of abuse in serum, hair, oral fluid, sweat, and meconium

Drug testing in hair and oral fluid are gaining importance these days especially in testing in drug rehab centers. However, urine drug testing represents 90% of all drugs of abuse testing. Hair testing is useful in determining long-term drug abuse by an individual while oral fluid testing is helpful to determine recent abuse of drugs. Meconium testing is very useful in determining fetal exposure to drugs related to maternal drug abuse. Usually, chromatographic methods are used for such testing.
An Opinion on the "Report on Securing and Growing the Digital Economy"

In December 2016, the US Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity released the "Report on Securing and Growing the Digital Economy" in response to challenges posed by cyberthreats. This opinion piece details the report's six imperatives, which include recommendations and action items intended to strengthen US cybersecurity. The author ends with a thoughtful critique of areas in which the report could have gone even further.
Steam explosion and fermentation of sugar beets from Southern Florida and the Midwestern United States

Abstract Sugar beets have recently gained interest for cultivation in southern Florida for their economic potential as cattle feed, a feedstock for ethanol production and their use to improve the quality of water via soil nutrient accumulation. Sugar beets grown in southern Florida, Minnesota and Nebraska were subjected to steam explosion. Analysis of soluble and insoluble sugars as well as pectin from raw and steam exploded sugar beet were completed. Fermentations of raw and steam exploded sugar beets, with and without enzymes, were conducted. There was no significant difference for ethanol production in the fermentation of steam exploded sugar beets with and without enzymes indicating that addition of enzymes are not necessary for fermentation. Pilot scale fermentations of the steam exploded sugar beet gave 6.7–9.7% ethanol by volume. Raw, milled sugar beet were limed and pressed. The press cake and press liquor were analyzed for dry weight and sugar content.
Complications of Metatarsal Fractures

Metatarsal fractures account for approximately 35–55% of all foot and ankle fractures (Banks et al. Metatarsal fractures, McGlamery comprehensive textbook of foot and ankle surgery. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p. 1775–90; Tornetta et al. Fractures and dislocations of the midfoot and forefoot, Rockwood and Green. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2015. p. 2689–97). Trauma to the first metatarsal and first metatarsal phalangeal joint creates significant functional impairment because of the dynamic nature of the first ray. These injuries usually occur in the setting of high energy mechanisms. Fractures of the second, third, and fourth metatarsals are quite common and easily treated with nonsurgical treatment or simple surgical management. Fifth metatarsal fractures are the most common (Banks et al. Metatarsal fractures, McGlamery comprehensive textbook of foot and ankle surgery. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p. 1775–90; Tornetta et al. Fractures and dislocations of the midfoot and forefoot, rockwood and green. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2015. p. 2689–97; Clapper et al. Fractures of the fifth metatarsal. Analysis of a fracture registry. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995;315:238–41). The treatment, surgical or nonsurgical, often is determined by the anatomic location of the fracture. Any metatarsal fracture can become problematic if the index treatment is complicated by, but not limited to, infection, nonunion, delayed union, benign neglect, and treatment failure neglect (Root ML. An approach to foot orthopedics. J Am Podiatry Assoc. 1964;54:115–8; Becker A. First Metatarsal Malunion. Foot Ankle Clinic. 2009;14(1):77–90). The treatment for these metatarsal fracture complications will be discussed in this chapter.
Cooking in theory: Risky events in the structure of the conjuncture:

What could the practice of everyday cooking contribute to anthropological theory? I consider this question in developing my own approach to cooking, drawing from a modified version of Marshall Sahl...
Bitter Sweet(Water)

I was honored to give a preconference lecture for the fourth annual Doing Autoethnography conference (2014). At the time, my first book, Sweetwater: Black Women and Narratives of Resilience (Boylorn, 2013a), had recently won some prestigious awards, and I was anxious to talk about the process of doing that “ethnographic autoethnography” (Chris Poulos, personal communication, May 23, 2014).
Correlating Itinerant Magnetism in RCo2Pn2 Pnictides (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ca; Pn = P, As) to Their Crystal and Electronic Structures.

ConspectusRare-earth cobalt pnictides, RCo2Pn2 (Pn = P, As), belong to the ThCr2Si2 structure type, which is ubiquitous among intermetallic compounds. The structural and magnetic properties of simple ternary RCo2P2 phosphides, which combine partially delocalized (itinerant) 3d magnetic moments of cobalt and localized 4f magnetic moments of lanthanides, were investigated extensively in 1980–1990s, predominantly by the Jeitschko group. Those studies established that LaCo2P2 shows ferromagnetic (FM) ordering of Co moments, while the other members of the series, with R = Ce, Pr, Nd, or Sm, exhibit antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering in both R and Co magnetic sublattices. This observation also correlated with the larger separation between the [Co2P2] layers in the crystal structure of LaCo2P2 as compared to the decreased interlayer distances in the other structures of the RCo2P2 series.Our work over the past decade has focused on unraveling the rich magnetic behavior that can be observed in these systems when int...
Cobalamin deficiency presenting with thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) features: A systematic review.

Abstract Introduction Cobalamin deficiency may result in hematologic characteristics similar to thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). To facilitate diagnosis, we reviewed reported cases of acquired cobalamin deficiency presenting with TMA features (c.def-TMA). Methods A literature search identified reports of c.def-TMA. Deficiency was defined as B12 levels of Results Patient level data was extracted from 41 identified cases. Median age (years) was 43 (30–55) with 21/41 (51%) being female. Cobalamin deficiency was noted in 35/40 (87.5%) but fold increases in MMA and HC were 30 and 6, respectively. The etiology was pernicious anemia in 28/41 (68%) cases. Anemia was both universal and severe, with hemoglobin levels of 55 g/L (4.7–6.6). Hypersegmented neutrophils were noted in 23/37 (62%), schistocytes in 29/38 (76%) and median LDH levels 3981 U/L (2004–5467). The RPI was Conclusion Reticulocytopenia (RPI of
Preparing, Visualizing, and Using Real-world Data in Introductory Courses

Working with real-world data has increasingly become a popular context for introductory computing courses. As a valuable 21st century skill, preparing students to be able to divine meaning from data can be useful to their long-term careers. Because Data Science aligns so closely with computing, many of the topics and problems it affords as a context can support the core learning objectives in introductory computing classes. In many instances, incorporating a real-world dataset to provide concrete context for an activity or assignment can improve student engagement and understanding of the abstract educational content being presented. However, there are many problems inherent to bringing real-world data into introductory courses. How do instructors, with finite amounts of time and energy, find and prepare suitable datasets for their pedagogical needs? Once the datasets are ready, how can students conveniently interact with and draw meaning from the datasets, especially when they are used in complex projects that are typical of later introductory courses? On the other hand, how does an instructor balance the complexities of using real-world datasets in the classroom, making sure that students appreciate the meaningfulness of course activities and their connection to learning objectives? This panel brings together experts with experience in using real-world data in introductory computing courses. Each panelist provides unique perspectives and skills to the problem of preparing, interacting, visualizing, and using pedagogical datasets. This panel should be of particular interest to instructors who are considering integrating current and real-world data into their assignments and projects, and to educational developers who want to create and manage datasets for pedagogical purposes. The panel will follow a conventional format: 5 minutes of introduction, 10 minutes for each panelist to present, and then 30 minutes for audience Q&A.
ASSOCIATION OF PRE-ACTIVATION OF THE CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION LABORATORY ON REPERFUSION TIMING METRICS FOR PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: A REPORT FROM ACTION REGISTRY®

Among patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) by a pre-hospital electrocardiogram (ECG), the prevalence of catheterization laboratory (cath lab) activation (‘pre-activation”) and its association with reperfusion timing are unknown We studied 27,840 patients
How should young children approach programming

As NSF and the academic computer science community strive to improve the quality of high school computing instruction, there are proposals afoot that could drastically reshape this landscape. Why wait for high school, or even middle school, when we could be teaching programming in primary school? How should we do that? Highly scaffolded environments such as Scratch and Alice offer young children some assistance with syntax, but I would argue that they are not optimal for very young novice programmers because they use sequential control flow and a graphics programming model. In contrast, Microsoft's Kodu Game Lab uses a parallel conditional rule formalism (as do AgentSheets and AgentCubes), plus a robot programming model with a physics engine. Together these allow young children to produce complex, engaging behaviors with just a few lines of code. But the carefully crafted constraints that make Kodu so effective for beginners come with a price. Migration to a more conventional framework such as Scratch is an attractive next step.
ANATOMY OF AFFERENT TERMINALS CONCERNED WITH NOCICEPTION

Publisher Summary The impulses elicited by noxious stimulation are carried to the spinal cord and to the brain stem by fine diameter primary afferent fibers. Single fiber analysis disclosed two types of nociceptive units among the cutaneous primary afferent fibers: a fine myelinated fiber,high threshold mechano-receptar (HTM) fiber or mechanical nociceptor fiber, and another unmyelinated fiber. Physiologically identified cutaneous HTM fibers were stained intra-axonally with horseradish peroxidase in the caudal region of cats' and monkeys' spinal cord by Light and Perl. They have found that the parent fiber ran in the Lissauer's tract and issued collateral branches. These branches terminated with two major terminal arborizations in the marginal zone (MZ): the outer substantia gelatinosa (SGo) region and in the deeper portion of the gray matter equivalent to lamina V of Rexed. The termination pattern of myelinated nociceptor fibers emphasizes the significance of the MZ in nociception, although other regions of the gray matter may be also important. The activity of the primary afferent fibers is transmitted to the second order cells in the form of complex synapses, in which axo-axonic and dendro-axonic connections may serve for presynaptic control.
Health-Related Quality of Life after Pediatric Severe Sepsis.

Background: Pediatric severe sepsis is a public health problem with significant morbidities in those who survive. In this article, we aim to present an overview of the important studies highlighting the limited data available pertaining to long-term outcomes of survivors of pediatric severe sepsis. Materials and Methods: A review of literature available was conducted using PUBMED/Medline on pediatric severe sepsis outcomes. Long-term outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQL) following severe sepsis was defined as any outcome occurring after discharge from the hospital following an episode of severe sepsis which affected either the survivor or the survivor’s family members. Results: Many children are discharged with worse clinical and functional outcomes, depending on their diagnosis, treatments received, psychological effects, and the impact of their illness on their parents. Additionally, they utilize healthcare services more than their peers and are often readmitted soon after discharge. However, pediatric HRQL studies with worthwhile outcome measures are limited and the current data on pediatric sepsis is mainly retrospective. Conclusions: There is significant and longstanding morbidity seen in children and their families following a severe sepsis illness. Further prospective data are required to study the long-term outcomes of sepsis in the pediatric population.
BitLocker Full-Disk Encryption: Four Years Later

Microsoft BitLocker full-disk encryption has been widely implemented at Lehigh University since 2014 on both laptop and desktop computers. This retrospective review will summarize BitLocker's selection factors, initial testing, mass deployment, and important lessons learned. Additionally, this review will also discuss the university's transition to Windows 10 and how it positively impacted the use of BitLocker.
Percutaneous Microwave Tumor Ablation Is Safe in Patients with Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices: A Single-Institutional Retrospective Review.

Abstract The risk of electromagnetic interference between microwave (MW) ablation and cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), ie, pacemakers and defibrillators, has not been fully evaluated. Fourteen MW ablations (kidney, n = 8; liver, n = 5; lung, n = 1) were performed in 13 patients with CIEDs in normal operating mode. Electrocardiography tracings, cardiovascular complications, tumor size, tumor-to-CIED distance, and tumor-to-device lead distance were recorded. Mean tumor size was 2.9 cm, mean tumor-to-CIED distance was 26.4 cm (range, 9–30 cm), and mean tumor-to-lead distance was 12.1 cm (range, 3.5–20 cm). No device-based cardiovascular complications or class C or higher complications per Society of Interventional Radiology criteria were identified. MW ablation appears to be safe in select patients with CIEDs.
Canadian Jewish Population, 2018

The Canadian Jewish population has seen only modest growth in the past 20 years, following a more significant increase between 1981 and 1991. The latter decade coincided with the beginning of significant immigration by Jews from the Former Soviet Union. Jews reside in every region of Canada including the Northern Territories, although they are concentrated heavily in the major urban centers. The metropolitan area of Toronto is home to 188,710 Jews and includes about half (48.2%) of Canada’s Jewish population. The Montreal community numbers 90,780 Jews. The median age of Canadian Jews is slightly older than the national average but much older than ethnic groups with large numbers of more recent immigrants. The Canadian Jewish population has a slightly larger proportion of children (age 0–14) than the total population (18.2% and 17.0% respectively) and a significantly larger proportion of persons over age 65 than the overall Canadian population (16.9% and 13.9% respectively). There are 66,280 elderly Jews 65+ years of age residing in Canada. A total of 10,395 Jewish elderly live below the poverty line. About one in six seniors (15.7%) is poor. Female seniors are almost twice as likely as males to fall below the poverty line (19.3% and 11.6% respectively).
Vehicle dispatching for sensing coverage optimization in mobile crowdsensing systems: poster abstract

Mobile crowd sensing (MCS) collects city-scale sensing data with low cost and high efficiency. One important goal of MCS is to ensure high quality of sensing coverage to provide sufficient information to data analysis end. However, the goal of the MCS may be inconsistent with the goal of vehicles. This inconsistency between goals results in a bad sensing coverage and decreases the quality of the collected information. Key challenges to resolve this inconsistency include the heterogeneous target desired spatio-temporal distributions, limited budget constraining the ability to incentivize more taxis, and high computational complexity. This work shows a vehicle dispatching system to optimize the sensing coverage of the sampled data with a limited budget and taxis. Our system models the objective function using the similarity between the collected data distribution and target distribution, and introduces an algorithm combining vehicle mobility prediction and ride request prediction to obtain an approximate-optimal vehicle dispatching strategy in an efficient way. The preliminary experiment based on the real-world data shows a significant improvement of the sensing coverage.
Evidence of Selection Bias and Non-Response Bias in Patient Satisfaction Surveys.

Background Patient satisfaction surveys are increasingly utilized to measure the patient experience and as a tool to assess the quality of care delivered by medical providers. Press Ganey (PG) is the largest provider of tools for patient satisfaction measurement and analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine if patient satisfaction surveys were subject to selection and/ or nonresponse bias. Methods Patients seen in an outpatient academic orthopedic clinic were included in this retrospective cohort study. Demographic data included age, race, gender, marital status, primary payer, and native language. All surveys were administered by PG Associates per internal protocols adhering to exclusion criteria within the institutional contract with PG Associates. Results 3.5% of outpatient encounters generated PG survey data, which were generated by 9.1% of all patients evaluated. The population of patients who were administered as well as patients who responded to the patient satisfaction survey represented a unique population with regards to age, race, gender, marital status, insurance status, and native language. Conclusions Demographically, patients who were administered and patients who responded to PG surveys differed from the overall population of patients seen in an outpatient orthopedic setting, evidencing both selection and non-response bias. Because of these differences, and considering the small number of survey returned, caution should be exercised when interpreting and applying these data.Level of Evidence: III.
Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma Secondary to Rivaroxaban Use in a Patient With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

A spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare condition of intraspinal bleeding in the epidural space. It is often associated with disorders of anticoagulation, intraspinal tumors, vascular malformations, and pertinent to this case, anticoagulation therapy. This surgical emergency requires early diagnosis and management in order to minimize permanent neurologic deficits. We report the case of a 72-year-old female with a past medical history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation treated with rivaroxaban who presented to the emergency department with acute-onset, midline, lower back pain with no known trauma or injury to the area. At the time of emergency department (ED) admission, the patient was fully ambulatory and alert and oriented. However, within hours, she developed bilateral lower extremity motor paralysis and diminished sensation with urinary and bowel incontinence. SSEHs are rare, progressive neurologic emergencies that can present with non-specific lower back pain. This condition presents a diagnostic challenge that can result in permanent neurologic defects if not recognized early. Emergency physicians regularly encounter patients with both acute lower back pain and atrial fibrillation. This case can contribute to the possibility of SSEH to a differential diagnosis.
Intravenous brexanolone for postpartum depression: what it is, how well does it work, and will it be used?

Postpartum depression is considered to be a subtype of major depressive disorder that occurs in approximately 10–20% of mothers worldwide. However, in actuality, these numbers are likely underrepor...
Can Radiology Technologists be Trained to Measure Leg Length Discrepancies as Accurately as Pediatric Radiologists

Rationale and Objectives Leg length discrepancy studies are labor intensive. They are procedurally simple and represent inefficient use of the radiologists’ time and expertise. We hypothesized that radiology technologists could be trained to measure leg length discrepancies, and that their performance would be statistically equivalent to that of board-certified, fellowship-trained pediatric radiologists. Material and Methods Four radiology technologists were selected to participate in a supervised practice session. They independently measured and calculated leg length discrepancies on 10 randomly selected cases. Their performance was compared to measurements obtained by an experienced pediatric radiologist (reference standard). After 1 week, the technologists repeated their measurements on the same cases, which were resorted to simulate new cases. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) determined interobserver agreement between the technologists and radiologist and intra-observer reliability among the technologists. Results Among the four technologists, similarity in measurements between session 1 and the reference standard was very high, with ICC values ranging from 0.93 to 0.98 (p Conclusion Radiology technologists can be rapidly trained to calculate leg length discrepancies as accurately as a board-certified pediatric radiologist. Delegation of this time-consuming task to technologists or radiology assistants will permit radiologists to spend time on more demanding studies, such as studies that require subspecialty training.
Banal populism. Nationalism and everyday victimhood in the Spanish-Catalan clash

Literature on Catalan separatism has mostly remained in the field of nationalism studies, while little has been said from a perspective centred on populist politics. This chapter builds upon the idea of Catalan independence movement as a populist–nationalist project, insofar as the 2017 referendum of independence has created a fertile ground for a people-versus-elite narrative, which has progressively merged with the more established separatist discourse. Borrowing from Billig’s ‘banal flaggings’, the focus is on a heterogeneous array of discursive performances that have characterized the political debate in the run up to the 2017 Catalan independence referendum and its aftermath. Drawing on discourse and visual analysis, the chapter traces the features of these ‘banal flaggings’ and stresses how emotions—along with shared cultural and linguistic habits—have been linked to the down-up/antagonist narrative, which characterizes populist politics, and have contributed to the conflation with the Catalan nationalist project.
Mitigating unknown biases in CT data using machine learning

CT reconstruction requires an accurate physical model. Mismatches between model and data represent unmodeled biases and can induce artifacts and systematic quantitation errors. Bias effects are dependent on bias structure and data processing (e.g. model-based iterative reconstruction versus filtered-backprojection). In this work, we illustrate this sensitivity and develop a strategy to estimate unmodeled biases for situations where the underlying source is unknown or difficult to estimate directly. We develop a CNN framework for projection-domain de-biasing using a ResUNet architecture and spatial-frequency loss function. We demonstrate a reduction in reconstruction errors across bias conditions and reconstruction methods.
Optics-free ultrathin-film spectrometers based on GaN light absorbers

An optics-free spectrometer is demonstrated based on InGaN semiconductor photodiodes. The design is insensitive to the incident angle of light and delivers decent light absorption across the visible spectrum. In combination with compressive sensing algorithms, a high-performance spectrometer suitable for portable applications as well as sensing in harsh environments is shown.
Comprehensive Quality Investigations of Wire-feed Additive Manufacturing by Learning of Experimental Data.

Wire-feed laser additive manufacturing is an emerging fabrication technique capable of highly automated large-scale volume production that can reduce both material waste and overall cost while improving product lead times. Quality assurance is necessary for implementation into critical structural applications. However, the large number of process variables along with the cost associated with traditional trial and error methods makes this difficult. This study investigates a comprehensive quality framework based on learning from experimental data that will enable improved quality control along with consistent microstructural features of the part. Specifically, a comprehensive experimental data across multiple process variables and output characteristics in terms of overall bead quality, geometric shape (i.g. bead height, width, fusion zone depth, etc.), and microstructural features are collected. The predicted process-geometry-microstructure relations are then captured by virtue of data-driven machine learning models. The properties of printed beads are visualized based on an extensive range of processing space within a 3-dimensional contour map. The insights and impacts of process variables on bead morphology, geometric and microstructural features are comprehensively investigated for quality improvement during manufacturing processes.
Plant-Based Oils

This chapter provides an overview of the major types of fatty acids, including polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty acids. It reviews the differences in structural and biochemical properties of these fatty acids to provide a foundation for understanding the metabolic effects of each. We describe plant-based oils that are composed primarily of polyunsaturated fatty acids (soybean, corn, and walnut oil), monounsaturated fatty acids (canola and rapeseed, sunflower and safflower, olive, and peanut oil), saturated fatty acids (palm and palm kernel and coconut oil), and trans-fatty acids (partially hydrogenated vegetable oil). Finally, we will examine and compare the effects of these different oils on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes based on a comprehensive review of the current literature.
Anomalous refraction of light through slanted-nanoaperture arrays on metal surface

We report a nanoapertured metal surface that demonstrates anomalous refraction of light for a wide range of incident angles. A nanoslit aperture is designed to serve as a tilted vertical-dipole whose radiation pattern orients to a glancing angle direction to substrate. An array of such slanted nanoslits formed in a metal film redirects an incident beam into the direction of negative refraction angle: the aperture-transmitted wave makes a far-field propagation to the tilt-oriented direction of radiation pattern. The thus-designed nanoaperture array demonstrates the −1st order diffraction (i.e., to the negative refraction-angle direction) with well-suppressed background transmission (the zero-order direct transmission and other higher-order diffractions). Engineering the radiation pattern of nanoaperture offers an approach to overcoming the limits of conventional diffractive/refractive optics and complementing metasurface-based nano-optics.
Use of Sensitivity Analysis to Assess the Effect of Model Uncertainty in Analyzing Accelerated Life Test Data

Accelerated life tests are used to obtain timely information on the durability and reliability of materials. Test units are subjected to higher than usual levels of “stress” and a model is used to estimate life at use conditions. Although it is desirable to use a physically-based model to justify the required extrapolation, in many practical situations, no such model is available or the physical basis for extrapolation is uncertain. In such situations, extrapolation is based on an empirical model. Sensitivity analysis tools then become important to assess the effect of model departures and to allow engineers to make safe design decisions. This paper presents models, methods, and a description of software tools for performing systematic sensitivity analysis to assess potential model error. These methods are illustrated by studying the results of an experiment that was conducted to determine if the fatigue life of a spring would meet a given specification.
Asessing laboratory effectiveness in electrical engineering courses

1 Srilekha Srinivasan, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Department of Education, Curriculum and Instruction, Lincoln, NE 68588-0355 ssrini@unlserve.unl.edu 2 Lance C. Perez, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 209N WSEC, Lincoln, NE 68588-0511 lperez@unl.edu 3 Robert D. Palmer, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 209N WSEC, Lincoln, NE 68588-0511 bpalmer@unl.edu 4 Michael F. Anderson, Clarke College, Department of Education, 1550 Clarke College, MS 1733, DuBuque, IA 52001 mfanderson@clarke.edu 5 A. John Boye, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 209N WSEC, Lincoln, NE 68588-0511 jboye@unl.edu Abstract A laboratory component is being added to a fourcourse sequence in the undergra duate electrical engineering curriculum at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, in an effort to increase student learning and improve retention of prerequisite concepts. The lab and the study of its effects on achieving the course objectives in an undergraduate level course, ELEC 304 Signals and Systems, and a senior/graduate level course, ELEC 464/864 Digital Communications are discussed. The study uses a mixed method protocol in which the impact of the laboratory experience is measured through quantitative and qualitative techniques. This paper discusses the design of the study and results gathered to date.
Adiabatic acceleration of suprathermal electrons associated with dipolarization fronts

[1] Recent observations in the inner magnetotail have shown rapid and significant flux increases (usually an order of magnitude of increase within seconds) of suprathermal electrons (tens of keV to hundreds of keV) associated with earthward moving dipolarization fronts. To explain where and how these suprathermal electrons are produced during substorm intervals, two types of acceleration models have been suggested by previous studies: acceleration that localizes near the reconnection site and acceleration that occurs during earthward transport. We perform an analytical analysis of adiabatic acceleration to show that the slope of source differential fluxes is critical for understanding adiabatic flux enhancements during earthward transport. Observationally, two earthward propagating dipolarization fronts accompanied by energetic electron flux enhancements observed by the THEMIS spacecraft have been analyzed; in each event the properties of dipolarization fronts in the inner magnetosphere (XGSM ≈ −10RE) were well correlated with those further down the tail (XGSM ≈ −15RE or XGSM ≈ −20RE). Coupled with theoretical analysis, this enables us to estimate the relative acceleration that occurred as the electrons propagated earthward between the two spacecraft. During the two events studied, the differential fluxes of supra thermal electrons had steep energy spectra with power law indices of −4 to −6.These spectra were much steeper than those at lower energy, as well as those of the supra thermal electrons observed before the fronts arrived. A compression factor of 1.5 as the electrons propagated earthward induced a flux increase of suprathermal electrons by a factor of 7 to 17. Provided these steep spectra, we demonstrate that adiabatic acceleration from the betatron and Fermi mechanisms simultaneously operating can account for these flux increases. Since both analytical analysis and data from the two events show that adiabatic acceleration during earthward transport does not significantly change the power law indices, the steep spectra were likely to be traced back to their source region, presumably near the reconnection site.
Attitudes Toward Advertising by Veterinarians

Abstract Using survey data on 382 participants, we refined and validated the Attitudes Toward Advertising by Veterinarians Scales (ATAVS) with exploratory factor analysis. To measure the participants' attitudes toward veterinarian advertising, we derived factor scores from 11 items on the survey. These scores were divided into high, median, and low ATAVS scores groups. People with high ATAVS scores tended to have a more positive image of veterinarians, were more likely to use the services of a veterinarian when needed, and were more approving of veterinarians using television, radio, newspaper, billboard, direct mail, professional magazines, and popular magazines to advertise than those with median or low ATAVS scores. In general, veterinarians enjoy a positive image among the surveyed consumers, who equally disapproved of the idea of veterinarian advertising through telemarketing.
The Inorganic Carbon Complex: Alkalinity, Acidity, CO2, pH, Total Inorganic Carbon, Hardness, Aluminum

Precipitation falling on the surface of the Earth as rain or snow contains a variety of gases. Aerosols or dust particles also may be dissolved or picked up from the air. Thus, by the time the water reaches the Earth’s surface, it is no longer pure. As it flows over or penetrates into plants or the ground, water dissolves more gases, notably carbon dioxide, and various mineral substances with which it comes into contact. When CO2 dissolves in water, carbonic acid is formed: Open image in new window and pH is lowered.
Observation of zero and negative linewidth-enhancement factor in tunneling injection quantum-well-dot laser

We have directly observed zero crossing of the linewidth enhancement factor for a novel tunneling injection quantum-dot laser using measured gain and refractive-index-change spectra at bias currents up to threshold.
SHORT COMMUNICATION: Definition of the USDA103 strain of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Summary Although there are differences in performance between genetic groups of channel catfish, identification and management of these groups is difficult because catfish strains look alike and individuals cannot be tagged efficiently. Thus, US catfish producers have not been able to objectively identify fish from different strains or populations, and it has been difficult for them to maintain the genetic purity of populations on the farm. We have developed a multiplexed microsatellite genotyping system to define catfish populations based on allelic frequency and exclusion. A commercial catfish genotype database was developed using catfish samples collected from 24 processing plants in the four main US catfish-producing states. The utility of the system was tested by the molecular characterization of the USDA103 research strain. Using eight microsatellite loci, the probability of falsely classifying an individual non-USDA103 catfish as a USDA103 was 0.0065. From a sample of 50 fish from a putative USDA103 pond, the probability of falsely including two non-USDA103 fish was 1 × 10−105, and the conservative probability of falsely excluding two USDA103 fish was 1 × 10−6. This genotyping system provides channel catfish producers with an objective mechanism for identification and management of genetically selected fish.
Cataloger Competencies … What Do Employers Require?

Field-based studies conducted during the last decade reinforce the importance of continued collaboration between employers and library and information science educators in order to close the gap between the classroom and workplace. A library educator, the researcher conducted four empirical studies using a content analysis methodology specifically designed to identify the skills and competencies that catalogers and technical services librarians in the twenty-first century must possess. The analysis of 355 position descriptions and 289 survey responses enabled the researcher to identify five domains common across library types. Employers' expectations for catalogers and technical services librarians fell into these areas: education, theoretical knowledge, cataloging competencies, communication skills, and interpersonal skills (including supervision and training).