cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
FEASIBILITY OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED ULNAR NERVE INJECTIONS AT THE CUBITAL TUNNEL USING A LATERAL-TO-MEDIAL APPROACH

Purpose: Describe an alternative approach to perform ultrasound-guided injections into the cubital tunnel as a pilot study for cubital tunnel syndrome (CTS) treatment feasibility. Methods: The ulnar nerve was visualized bilaterally on four non-embalmed cadaveric models which were placed in a supine position. To image the cubital tunnel, the subject's elbow was examined in external rotation with the elbow angle at approximately 40° flexion (full elbow extension is considered 0°). The ultrasound transducer was placed transverse to the condylar groove along the medial epicondyle-olecranon axis and the ulnar nerve was identified. Methylene blue 0.35 mL was injected into the ulnar nerve perineural space under ultrasound guidance in a lateral-to-medial approach. Post-injection incisions were made to expose the underlying ulnar nerve and examine the injection sites. Injections were considered accurate if the ulnar nerve perineural space was dyed, and were considered precise if the injection was localized without damaging the ulnar collateral artery. Results: Dissection revealed that the ulnar nerves were covered with dye from the cubital tunnel inlet to outlet. 8-of-8 (100%) injections were accurate; 8-of-8 (100%) injections were precise. Conclusion: This pilot study shows that a lateral-to-medial approach to injecting the cubital tunnel under ultrasound guidance is accurate and precise. The clinical efficacy of such a procedure using corticosteroids should be examined through clinical trials and the results should be compared to other techniques used for treating CTS.
Direct numerical simulation of stratification effects in a sediment-laden turbulent channel flow

This work presents direct numerical simulations of sediment-laden turbulent channel flows employing an Eulerian–Eulerian approach. The flow is driven by a constant pressure gradient and self-stratifies owing to the presence of settling sediment particles. The study is performed so as to systematically vary the settling velocity of the sediment particles, which is the parameter that controls the stratification of the flow. The effect of stratification is to suppress vertical Reynolds fluxes. For the larger values of settling velocity considered here, the flow relaminarizes below the streamwise velocity maximum, completely suppressing the turbulent vertical mass and momentum transfer. For the cases that remain actively turbulent, Reynolds fluxes are partially suppressed, but remain larger than their viscous counterparts. These cases present a clear pattern of low-speed streaks with a mean separation of approximately 100 wall units. Moreover, for these cases a pattern of high concentration streaks is found t...
Music‐Evoked Images: Music that Inspires Them and Their Influences on Brand and Message Recall in the Short and the Longer Term

Prior research studies of music-background influences on brand message recall following ad exposure have produced equivocal results, possibly due to the practice of comparing presence or absence of music. This research moves beyond the presence or absence of background music to quantify the range of impacts on brand message recall created by multiple, diverse music backgrounds. Music backgrounds differ widely and prompt music-evoked images (MEIs), both private, personal images forged during previous listening experiences, and connoted images common to multiple listeners, motivated by structural cues. Personally relevant private MEIs may have the unintended effect of interfering with brand message processing, integration, and recall, where nonbrand images are also prompted; nonetheless, prolonged processing of those MEIs may enhance chance of association between the music and brand and message elements, offering the intended effect of facilitating later music-cued brand message recall. Impersonal, connoted MEIs may reinforce brand and message elements, improving brand message integration and recall and avoiding processing interference; however, with briefer processing, and without prior personal associations, the music may be less likely linked to brand and message elements and less effective in facilitating later music-cued recall. Results of an experiment using multimedia ads for multiple brands with a diverse set of music backgrounds support the hypothesized influences of private and connoted MEIs.
The Neoliberal Turn in Latin America: The Cycle of Ideas and the Search for an Alternative:

The role of ideas has been neglected, in comparison with the role of interests and institutions, in the literature on neoliberal reform in Latin America. While ideas were not the primary cause of neoliberal reform, their development, articulation, and dissemination are a significant part of the story of the rise and fall of the “Washington Consensus.” The neoliberalism of the 1980s and 1990s lost credibility and capacity to provide politically feasible policy guidelines because it was based on an elitist, exclusionary pact among small groups of experts and elites representing the interests of transnational capital. Only by understanding the origins and limitations of the ideas behind neoliberal reform can a new, more inclusive economic model for Latin America be created.
Efficiency or Competition? A Structural Econometric Analysis of Canada's AWS Auction and the Set-Aside Provision

In 2008, Industry Canada auctioned 105 MHz of spectrum to a group of bidders that included incumbents and potential new entrants into the Canadian mobile phone market, raising $4.25 billion. In an effort to promote new entry, 40 MHz of spectrum was set-aside for new entrants. In order to estimate the implicit cost of the set-aside provision, we estimate the parameters of the bidders' profit function via a maximum match estimator based on the notion of pairwise stability in matches. We find that all telecommunications firms valued both geographic complementarities across auction licenses as well as absolute spectrum. Under a reasonable alternative scenario, our results indicate that the set-aside led to a total profit loss of approximately 10%.
Effect of estrogen and progesterone on urodynamics in the conscious rat.

Objectives To examine the effects of estrogen and/or progesterone on the cystometric profiles obtained using continuous-filling cystometry in the conscious Sprague-Dawley rat. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and were compared with controls by conscious continuous-filling cystometry. The effect of estrogen (10 μg/kg/d for 14 days) and/or progesterone (10 mg/kg/d for 14 days) replacement on OVX urodynamics was examined (n = 7-8/group). Results OVX rats demonstrated reduced micturition intervals and voided volumes compared with controls. These effects of OVX were reversed by estrogen replacement, but not by progesterone replacement. When combined with estrogen, progesterone functioned to partially antagonize the effects of estrogen in OVX rats. Conclusions Estrogen enhances bladder capacity in the OVX rat and therefore is a likely contributor to the larger bladder capacity in the female compared with the male rat. Consistent with its established role in reproductive physiology, progesterone antagonizes the beneficial effects of estrogen on OVX rat urodynamics.
CD4 receptor localized to non-raft membrane microdomains supports HIV-1 entry. Identification of a novel raft localization marker in CD4.

Despite the preferential localization of CD4 to lipid rafts, the significance and role of these microdomains in HIV-1 entry is still controversial. The possibility that CD4, when localized to non-raft domains, might be able to support virus entry cannot be excluded. Because disintegration of rafts by extraction of cellular cholesterol with methyl-β-cyclodextrin suffers from various adverse effects, we investigated molecular determinants controlling raft localization of the CD4 receptor. Extensive mutagenesis of the receptor showed that a raft-localizing marker, consisting of a short sequence of positively charged amino acid residues, RHRRR, was present in the membrane-proximal cytoplasmic domain of CD4. Substitution of the RHRRR sequence with alanine residues abolished raft localization of the CD4 mutant, RA5, as determined biochemically using solubilization in nonionic detergents and by confocal microscopy. The possible inhibitory effect of the introduced mutations on the adjacent CVRC palmitoylation site was ruled out because wild type (wt) CD4 and RA5, but not a palmitoylation-deficient mutant, were efficiently palmitoylated. Nonetheless, the RA5 mutant supported productive virus entry to levels equivalent to that of wild type (wt) CD4. Sucrose gradient analysis of Triton X-100 virus lysates showed that Gag and envelope gp120 proteins accumulated in low buoyant, high-density fractions. This pattern was changed after virus incubation with cells. Whereas Gag proteins localized to lipid rafts in cells expressing wt CD4 and RA5, gp120 accumulated in rafts in cells expressing wt CD4 but not RA5. We propose that raft localization of CD4 is not required for virus entry, however, post-binding fusion/entry steps may require lipid raft assembly.
Music and images as contexts in a context-aware touch-based authentication system

Touch-based authentication is now a promising method for ensuring secure access on mobile devices with some researchers reporting very low EERs for authentication. However, these works have not shown experimentally the impact of contexts beyond phone orientation on touch-based authentication. In this work, we present experimental results on how touch-based authentication is impacted by users who are listening to music while swiping, users who are not listening to music while swiping, users who are swiping over images and users who are not swiping over images. We experiment with a data-set which we collected for this purpose from 34 subjects. Moreover, we provide design considerations towards a touch-based context-aware system and show how a module which considers the presence of music (which we found to have statistical significance) can be incorporated.
The influence of motherhood on neural systems for reward processing in low income, minority, young women.

Abstract Objective Given the association between maternal caregiving behavior and heightened neural reward activity in experimental animal studies, the present study examined whether motherhood in humans positively modulates reward-processing neural circuits, even among mothers exposed to various life stressors and depression. Methods Subjects were 77 first-time mothers and 126 nulliparous young women from the Pittsburgh Girls Study, a longitudinal study beginning in childhood. Subjects underwent a monetary reward task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in addition to assessment of current depressive symptoms. Life stress was measured by averaging data collected between ages 8–15 years. Using a region-of-interest approach, we conducted hierarchical regression to examine the relationship of psychosocial factors (life stress and current depression) and motherhood with extracted ventral striatal (VST) response to reward anticipation. Whole-brain regression analyses were performed post-hoc to explore non-striatal regions associated with reward anticipation in mothers vs nulliparous women. Results Anticipation of monetary reward was associated with increased neural activity in expected regions including caudate, orbitofrontal, occipital, superior and middle frontal cortices. There was no main effect of motherhood nor motherhood-by-psychosocial factor interaction effect on VST response during reward anticipation. Depressive symptoms were associated with increased VST activity across the entire sample. In exploratory whole brain analysis, motherhood was associated with increased somatosensory cortex activity to reward (FWE cluster forming threshold p Conclusions These findings indicate that motherhood is not associated with reward anticipation-related VST activity nor does motherhood modulate the impact of depression or life stress on VST activity. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether earlier postpartum assessment of reward function, inclusion of mothers with more severe depressive symptoms, and use of reward tasks specific for social reward might reveal an impact of motherhood on reward system activity.
Spatio-temporal variation in seawater characteristics in a semi-enclosed bay in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands

Abstract. An important goal of coral reef ecology is elucidating the factors driving the distribution of corals, and to this end much attention has focused on disturbances and biotic agents. In this study, small-scale variations in the abiotic characteristics of seawater along the south coast of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands, were quantified with the objective of assessing its potential to contribute to variation in coral community structure. This goal was achieved by combining several studies that were completed between 1994 and 2005, and were designed separately to measure flow, in situ light intensities, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) chemistry. Together, the results reveal a slow westward surface flow at mean speed of 3.4 cm s-1, and high residency times within semi-enclosed bays. Upstream versus downstream locations periodically differed in light levels, and short-term measurements of DIC chemistry identified diel variation in aragonite saturation state that appeared to intensify in downstream ...
Impact of the Blood–Brain Barrier on Brain Tumor Imaging and Therapy

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) figures importantly in detection and characterization of brain tumors using imaging as well as in understanding difficulties in providing chemotherapy for brain tumors. Importantly, new methods are being designed to tailor drugs for more efficient transit across the BBB, for alteration of the BBB to enhance drug effect, or to bypass the BBB when providing chemotherapy. Thus, it is important for investigators using neuroimaging techniques to study brain tumors and those providing brain tumor therapy to understand the structure and function of the BBB. This chapter provides a basic understanding of the BBB, explains its role in brain tumor imaging, and provides a review of recent trends to overcome the impediments to brain tumor therapy imposed by the BBB.
GAIL: the graph algorithm iron law

As new applications for graph algorithms emerge, there has been a great deal of research interest in improving graph processing. However, it is often difficult to understand how these new contributions improve performance. Execution time, the most commonly reported metric, distinguishes which alternative is the fastest but does not give any insight as to why. A new contribution may have an algorithmic innovation that allows it to examine fewer graph edges. It could also have an implementation optimization that reduces communication. It could even have optimizations that allow it to increase its memory bandwidth utilization. More interestingly, a new innovation may simultaneously affect all three of these factors (algorithmic work, communication volume, and memory bandwidth utilization). We present the Graph Algorithm Iron Law (GAIL) to quantify these tradeoffs to help understand graph algorithm performance.
Improvised explosive device-related lower genitourinary trauma in current overseas combat operations.

BACKGROUND: The use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) has had a profound effect on battlefield trauma in the 21st century. Historically, wounds to the genitourinary (GU) structures have been less common than extremity and penetrating abdominal trauma in combat operations. GU injury incidence, severity, and associated injuries secondary to the use of this weapon in Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom has not been described. METHODS: Data from the Department of Defense Trauma Registry was reviewed for combat-related GU injuries in Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom from 2001 to 2011. All wounded US armed service members are included in this database. Subjects were selected by a query of current procedural terminology and DRG International Classification of Diseases-9th Rev. codes related to traumatic injury of the penis, scrotum, testicles, and urethra. A retrospective chart review was performed for each patient to identify the date of injury, the mechanism of injury, and the associated traumatic wounds. Subjects' follow-up records were reviewed until present time or separation from active duty. RESULTS: A total of 501 soldiers sustained lower GU trauma, with a total of 729 injuries. Of these casualties, 448 (89%) were wounded by IEDs. Dismounted injuries (87%) made up more of the cohort than did vehicular. Specific trauma sites include 149 (20%) penile, 260 (36%) testicular, 284 (39%) scrotal, and 36 (5%) urethral injuries. The 180 limb amputations (36%) and 86 fractures (17%) were the most encountered concomitant skeletal wounds among service members with GU injuries. CONCLUSION: This is the first review of all lower GU trauma sustained by all US armed service members in current overseas combat operations. Combat-related lower GU trauma is primarily caused by IEDs in the spectrum of complex dismounted blast injuries. The mechanism primarily results in multisystem injury, with isolated GU involvement being uncommon. Continued evaluation of long-term sequelae, including sexual, urinary, and reproductive dysfunction, is needed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Epidemiologic study, level V. Language: en
Charcot spine neuroarthropathy and hip heterotopic ossification

Charcot spine neuroarthropathy and heterotopic ossification (HO) are known complications of complete spinal cord injury. Heterotopic ossification occurs most frequently around the hip joint. The clinical significance of HO ranges from an incidental finding on radiographs to total ankylosis leading to severely limited range of motion [1,2]. A 54-year-old man with complete T10 spinal cord injury for 34 years was admitted to the authors’ institution with left distal femur fracture. Plain radiograph of the left hip showed severe HO (Fig. 1). Plain radiograph of the spine showed spine dislocation at L3–L4 with osteolysis of the L3 and L4 vertebral bodies (Fig. 2). Computed tomography scan of the spine showed three-column body destruction and bony debris in the paraspinal area characteristic of Charcot spine neuroarthropathy (Fig. 3).
Evolution of a stratified rotating shear layer with horizontal shear. Part 2. Nonlinear evolution

Direct numerical simulation is used to investigate the nonlinear evolution of a horizontally oriented mixing layer with uniform stable stratification and coordinate system rotation about the vertical axis. The important dimensional parameters governing inviscid dynamics are maximum shear , buoyancy frequency , angular velocity of rotation and characteristic shear thickness . The effect of rotation rate, , on the development of fluctuations in the shear layer is systematically studied in a regime of strong stratification. An instability mechanism, qualitatively distinct from the inertial instability, is found to deform columnar vortex cores in vertical planes for a strongly stratified rotating mixing layer. This mechanism emerges when centreline absolute vertical vorticity, , is nearly zero as predicted by the linear stability analysis in Part 1 (J. Fluid. Mech., vol. 703, 2012, pp. 29–48). When the initial rotation rate is moderately anticyclonic, strong destabilization and a cascade to small scales is observed, consistent with prior studies involving horizontally sheared flow in the presence of rotation. Examination of enstrophy budgets in cases which are initially inertially unstable reveal the importance of baroclinic torque in maintaining lateral enstrophy fluctuations substantially beyond the time when the flow becomes inertially stable. The cyclonic stratified cases show weak nonlinearity in vortex dynamics. At high Reynolds number, despite the strong stratification, the flow exhibits three-dimensional, nonlinear dynamics and significant vertical mixing except for cases where the rotation is stabilizing.
Reconfigurable Biodegradable Shape-Memory Elastomers via Diels–Alder Coupling

Synthetic biodegradable elastomers are a class of polymers that have demonstrated far-reaching utility as biomaterials for use in many medical applications. Biodegradable elastomers can be broadly classified into networks prepared by either step-growth or chain-growth polymerization. Each processing strategy affords distinct advantages in terms of capabilities and resulting properties of the network. This work describes the synthesis, processing, and characterization of cross-linked polyester networks based on Diels–Alder coupling reactions. Hyperbranched furan-modified polyester precursors based on poly(glycerol-co-sebacate) are coupled with bifunctional maleimide cross-linking agents. The chemical and thermomechanical properties of the elastomers are characterized at various stages of network formation. Experimental observations of gel formation are compared to theoretical predictions derived from Flory–Stockmayer relationships. This cross-linking strategy confers unique advantages in processing and pro...
Whole food, functional food, and supplement sources of omega-3 fatty acids and omega-3 HUFA scores among U.S. soldiers

Abstract A questionnaire to measure consumption of contemporary sources of omega-3 fatty acids including (i) seafood, (ii) poultry and eggs, (iii) omega-3 functional foods, and (iv) dietary supplements was completed by U.S. soldiers (N = 191). Omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) scores were higher (p
Evaluation of an Indirect Immunoperoxidase Assay for Specific IgG and IgA to Chlamydia trachomatis

Cell culture methods for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis are technically difficult, expensive, and yield results only two to four days later. Direct methods of C trachomatis antigen detection require sampling from infected sites and suffer from false-negative results. We have evaluated a new immunoperoxidase kit for detection of specific serum IgG and IgA to C trachomatis. The kit uses slide-fixed C trachomatis serotype L2 infected cells and contains stabilized liquid reagents and a stable chromogen/substrate. The assay is simple and reproducible; positive and negative results are quickly and easily determined. We tested serum samples from 228 patients and found positive results for current infection in ten of 11 patients whose cultures were positive for C trachomatis, all of nine patients with pelvicinflammatory disease, 15 of 29 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 17 of 25 patients with lymphadenopathy syndrome, four of nine healthy homosexuals, 24 of 70 asymptomatic pregnant women, and 15 of 70 asymptomatic controls. This method may be useful in excluding infections in patients where sampling is difficult.
Mineralogy-Petrology and Groundwater Geochemistry of Yucca Mountain Tuffs

Research at Yucca Mountain in southern Nevada (Fig. 1), is being supported by the US Department of Energy to evaluate this site as a possible high-level radioactive waste repository. Yucca Mountain is underlain by a thick sequence of ash-flow and bedded tuffs, with a few silicic lavas.Variations in mode of tuff emplacement and postemplacement alterations have given rise to pyroclastic rocks of quite variable character, ranging from nonwelded to densely welded, vitric to devitrified, and nonzeolitized to completely zeolitized. The proposed repository horizon is in the lower portion of the thick, densely welded Topopah Spring Member of the Paintbrush Tuff in the unsaturated zone. Within the Topopah Spring Member and in the rocks beneath the proposed repository horizon, there are significant variations in mineralogy [1]. Such changes in mineralogy include the localized occurrence of such potentially reactive phases as cristobalite,tridymite, smectite, and volcanic glass. The important sorptive minerals clinoptilolite and mordenite also occur in discrete horizons, and their distribution changes horizontally and vertically. We have undertaken a study of the mineralogy in Yucca Mountain as a function of depth and lateral position to predict the horizontal and vertical distribution of these important potentially reactive and sorptive minerals. This knowledge has aided in locating the repository horizon and will help to put bounds on mineralogic variability within the repository horizon. In addition, studies of the distribution of minerals in Yucca Mountain allow us to deduce the factors that have controlled mineral distributions and to predict mineral assemblages along transport pathways [1,2]. In addition, we are investigating the groundwater chemistry because it and mineralogy are used as input to codes for calculating the transport rate of waste elements from the repository to the accessible environment.
Comparative result of diffusivity of toluene with different carrying gas flow

Objective:Using PD-1B-2 standard gas produced equipment to determinate the diffusivity of toluene with different type diffuse cells and to verify whether the diffusivity of toluene was same or not with different carrying gas flow.Methods:Using dynamic make-up gas and gas diffuse theory[1],at a certainty temperature different type diffuse cells were placed in PD-1B-2 standard gas produced equipment.After balancing a period of time with adjusting carrier gas(high pure N2) flux,the different type diffuse cell was respectively weighted.The diffusivity of toluene was calculated according to the loss weight.Results:The diffusivity of toluene for D110,D211,D310,and D410 diffuse cells was 4.8589,12.2739,27.4401 and 51.1415 μg/min,respectively.Conclusion:The diffusivity of toluene with different type diffuse cells had not significant difference at carrier gas flux 200,500 and 2000 ml/min(P0.05).
Venous Conduits Have Superior Patency Compared with Prosthetic Grafts for Femorofemoral Bypass.

Background The objective of the study was to compare the outcomes of externally supported polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts and femoral vein as conduits for femorofemoral crossover grafts. Methods This is a retrospective review of consecutive femorofemoral crossover grafts at our institution between January 2005 and March 2016. Patient demographics, indications, complication rates, patency rates, and survival rates were compared between femorofemoral grafts created with either PTFE or femoral vein conduits, autogenous or cryopreserved. Results One hundred nineteen femorofemoral crossover bypasses (89 PTFE, 30 vein [18 autogenous and 12 cryopreserved femoral veins]) were performed. Most patients underwent isolated femorofemoral bypass alone (76% isolated femorofemoral bypass versus 24% axillobifemoral bypass). A greater proportion of patients who received vein grafts were female (PTFE 37% vs. vein 60%, P = 0.028) and had prior bypasses (PTFE 33% vs. vein 73%, P Conclusions While the indications for procedure differed in this series, femoral veins in femorofemoral bypasses have overall superior primary patency and similar complication rates compared with PTFE grafts. Based on this series, femoral vein, either autologous or cryopreserved, appears to be a suitable conduit for femorofemoral bypasses, and in some cases, it may be the preferred conduit.
Translocation of precursor proteins into the mitochondrial matrix occurs through an environment accessible to aqueous perturbants

We have identified translocational intermediates generated during import of precursor proteins into the mitochondrial matrix and have characterized their association with mitochondrial membranes. Partially translocated forms of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) were generated during import of the corresponding precursors (pMDH and pOTC) into mitochondria at 2 degrees C. Import at this temperature results in the formation of intermediate-sized MDH (iMDH) and OTC (iOTC) produced by the removal of a portion of the leader peptide, and in the production of mature-sized MDH. All of these forms contain NH2 termini located within the mitochondrial matrix, although the majority of their polypeptide chains remain extramitochondrial. All three are strongly associated with mitochondrial membranes, but can be extracted by protein denaturants such as urea. These translocational intermediates appear to be hydrophilic proteins, on the basis of their partitioning properties during extraction with the nonionic detergent Triton X-114. The data indicate that the translocation of polypeptide chains into mitochondria occurs in a microenvironment that is aqueous in nature and is mediated by integral membrane proteins.
Parameter Estimation for Single Diode Models of Photovoltaic Modules

Many popular models for photovoltaic system performance employ a single diode model to compute the I - V curve for a module or string of modules at given irradiance and temperature conditions. A single diode model requires a number of parameters to be estimated from measured I - V curves. Many available parameter estimation methods use only short circuit, o pen circuit and maximum power points for a single I - V curve at standard test conditions together with temperature coefficients determined separately for individual cells. In contrast, module testing frequently records I - V curves over a wide range of irradi ance and temperature conditions which, when available , should also be used to parameterize the performance model. We present a parameter estimation method that makes use of a fu ll range of available I - V curves. We verify the accuracy of the method by recov ering known parameter values from simulated I - V curves . We validate the method by estimating model parameters for a module using outdoor test data and predicting the outdoor performance of the module.
Consumers’ purchase intention of 3D-printed apparel

AbstractThe purpose of the current study is to address how perceived product characteristics (e.g. compatibility, aesthetics), consumers’ confidence (e.g. self-efficacy) and attitude, and social influence (e.g. subjective norm) influence purchase intention of 3D-printed apparel. A total of 1002 US participants were recruited. The results indicated that purchase intention was mostly determined by a favorable attitude, moderately determined by a characteristic of the product (compatibility), and limitedly determined by the social influence (subjective norm). In addition, a positive attitude was largely determined by aesthetics and compatibility of 3D-printed apparel, moderately determined by self-efficacy, and limitedly contributed by social influences. Therefore, as an innovative product that has not yet been widely spread in the market, consumers’ attitudes toward 3D-printed apparel were mostly determined by the product itself: whether it is aesthetically pleasing, and whether it is suitable for consumers...
Using Storage-Capacity Rights to Overcome the Cost-Recovery Hurdle for Energy Storage

Energy storage is unique in that it can provide multiple services. This feature raises cost-recovery issues for storage, due to the combination of competitive markets and ratebased cost recovery used in many power systems today. This hybrid regulatory paradigm relies on classifying assets as providing competitively prices or unpriced services and handling cost recovery based on that classification. Some recent regulatory precedents suggest that storage developers must choose between classifying their assets as providing competitively priced or unpriced services. In the former case, storage costs must be recovered through the market. If an asset is classified as providing only unpriced services, costs can be recovered through the ratebase. This regulatory design can hamper cost recovery for storage and may lead to inefficient storage investment and use. We propose an alternate solution whereby storage-capacity rights are auctioned to third parties that use their rights for priced or unpriced services. Storage-capacity rights disentangle storage cost recovery from the regulatory treatment of its end use. We formulate the storage-capacity auction model and demonstrate how to efficiently price storage-capacity rights. We show that the revenues earned by the storage owner through the auction equals the imputed marginal value of storage capacity, as revealed by the market bids.
A comparison of the sensitivity, stability, and reliability of three diagnostic schemes for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) occur in approximately 50% of HIV-infected individuals, yet available diagnostic criteria yield varying prevalence rates. This study examined the frequency, reliability, and sensitivity to everyday functioning problems of three HAND diagnostic criteria (DSM-5, Frascati, Gisslen). Participants included 361 adults with HIV disease and 199 seronegative adults. Neurocognitive status as defined by each of the three diagnostic systems was determined via a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Everyday functioning was evaluated through self-report and clinician ratings. Results of logistic regressions revealed an association of HIV serostatus with Frascati-defined neurocognitive impairment (p = .027, OR = 1.7[1.1, 2.7]), but not DSM-5 or Gisslen-defined criteria (ps > .05). Frascati and DSM-5 criteria demonstrated agreement on 71% of observations, Frascati and Gisslen showed agreement on 80%, and DSM-5 and Gisslen criteria showed agreement on 46%, though reliability across the three criteria was poor. Only Frascati-defined neurocognitive impairment significantly predicted everyday functioning problems (p = .002, OR = 2.3[1.4, 3.8]). However, when both neurocognitive and complaint criteria were considered, the DSM-5 guidelines demonstrated significant relationships to everyday functioning, serostatus, and also increased reliability overtime compared to neurocognitive criteria alone (all ps < .05). A subset (n = 118) of the HIV+ group was assessed again after 14.0 (2.2) months. DSM-5 criteria evidenced significantly higher rates of incident neurocognitive disorder compared to both Frascati (p = .003) and Gisslen (p = .021) guidelines, while there were fewer remitting neurocognitive disorder diagnoses when Gisslen criteria were applied to the study sample compared to Frascati (p = .04). Future studies should aim to identify gold standard biological markers (e.g., neuropathology) and clinical outcomes associated with specific diagnostic criteria.
Finite-Sized One-Dimensional Silica Microstructures (Rods): Synthesis, Assembly, and Applications

Colloidal silica structures are very important for applications such as superhydrophobic, oleophobic, icephobic, and anti-biofouling coatings, polymer–ceramic or metal–matrix composites, photon management, catalyst support, and drug delivery. In addition to various types of silica structures, a unique structure—silica rods—has been synthesized by employing the emulsion droplets made by adding water and citrate to polyvinylpyrrolidone pentanol solution. While significant progress has been made in modifying rod shape and chemistry, in rod assembly, and in rod applications, however, no review article has discussed the progress in this field. This Focus Review intends to highlight the developments in the synthesis, assembly, and application of these rods, and discuss the remaining challenges for precise control of size and shape, possible solutions, and potential applications.
Blocks4All: making block programming languages accessible for blind children

Block programming languages, such as Scratch and Blockly, are being used as to introduce children to programming, but because they rely heavily on visual aspects, blind children are being left behind their peers in access to computer science education. We propose finding new techniques to make these types of programs accessible to blind children. We plan to use an iterative design process to create a web-based application on a touchscreen laptop, where children can synthesize music using different instruments and recordings of themselves. We plan to work with students at a local school to test and refine initial prototypes in a workshop setting. We will then evaluate the final prototype in a longitudinal study with students: collecting the programs that they create over a two-week period, and conducting observations and interviews throughout that period in order to evaluate Blocks4All.
Adherence to High-Intensity Statins Following a Myocardial Infarction Hospitalization Among Medicare Beneficiaries

Importance High-intensity statins are recommended following myocardial infarction. However, patients may not continue taking this medication with high adherence. Objective To estimate the proportion of patients filling high-intensity statin prescriptions following myocardial infarction who continue taking this medication with high adherence and to analyze factors associated with continuing a high-intensity statin with high adherence after myocardial infarction. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective cohort study of Medicare patients following hospitalization for myocardial infarction. Medicare beneficiaries aged 66 to 75 years (n = 29 932) and older than 75 years (n = 27 956) hospitalized for myocardial infarction between 2007 and 2012 who filled a high-intensity statin prescription (atorvastatin, 40-80 mg, and rosuvastatin, 20-40 mg) within 30 days of discharge. Beneficiaries had Medicare fee-for-service coverage including pharmacy benefits. Exposures Sociodemographic, dual Medicare/Medicaid coverage, comorbidities, not filling high-intensity statin prescriptions before their myocardial infarction (ie, new users), and cardiac rehabilitation and outpatient cardiologist visits after discharge. Main Outcomes and Measures High adherence to high-intensity statins at 6 months and 2 years after discharge was defined by a proportion of days covered of at least 80%, down-titration was defined by switching to a low/moderate-intensity statin with a proportion of days covered of at least 80%, and low adherence was defined by a proportion of days covered less than 80% for any statin intensity without discontinuation. Discontinuation was defined by not having a statin available to take in the last 60 days of each follow-up period. Results Approximately half of the beneficiaries were women and fourth-fifths were white. At 6 months and 2 years after discharge among beneficiaries 66 to 75 years of age, 17 633 (58.9%) and 10 308 (41.6%) were taking high-intensity statins with high adherence, 2605 (8.7%) and 3315 (13.4%) down-titrated, 5182 (17.3%) and 4727 (19.1%) had low adherence, and 3705 (12.4%) and 4648 (18.8%) discontinued their statin, respectively. The proportion taking high-intensity statins with high adherence increased between 2007 and 2012. African American patients, Hispanic patients, and new high-intensity statin users were less likely to take high-intensity statins with high adherence, and those with dual Medicare/Medicaid coverage and more cardiologist visits after discharge and who participated in cardiac rehabilitation were more likely to take high-intensity statins with high adherence. Results were similar among beneficiaries older than 75 years of age. Conclusions and Relevance Many patients filling high-intensity statins following a myocardial infarction do not continue taking this medication with high adherence for 2 years postdischarge. Interventions are needed to increase high-intensity statin use and adherence after myocardial infarction.
Disposable Objects: Ethecology, Waste, and Maternal Afterlives

ABSTRACTThis essay queries the relationship between humans and their coveted and discarded objects. It is a meditation on object disposability, with keen attention to how maternal life and forms of waste making are vital to a reconsideration of what it means to be human. The essay unfolds through autotheoretical sketches and engagements with various texts, including Fabrice Monteiro’s photographic collection The Prophecy (2015) and Allan Sekula and Noel Burch’s The Forgotten Space: A Film Essay Seeking to Understand the Contemporary Maritime World in Relation to the Symbolic Legacy of the Sea (2010).
Additive Manufacturing with Ultraviolet Curable Silicones Containing Carbon Black

Abstract Additive manufacturing techniques for ultraviolet (UV) curable silicones are investigated using a high-pressure extrusion apparatus. Manufacturing challenges encountered include the silico...
Critical Aortic Stenosis

The aortic valve in these patients is most often myxomatous and bicuspid with a single, fused commissure and an eccentrically placed orifice, or unicuspid (dome-shaped). The valve annulus may be small for age, but there is evidence that following dilation even quite small annuli may grow to a normal or near normal dimension (1). Myxomatous valves may mature, as Myxomatous pulmonary valves. Because there is a spectrum to left-sided obstructive lesions, often the first decision in many of these patients is whether they should have a valvotomy or a staged one-ventricle repair.
Discursive Games and Gamic Discourses

Digital games are an increasingly prominent media form but are consistently ignored in critical communication scholarship. Several voices in the field of game studies have advocated the application of communication and rhetorical theory to the study of games, but this effort to cross-pollinate game studies and communication studies has not been reciprocated. This article addresses this lacunae, making the case for critical studies of communication to take up the study of digital games. I argue that digital games are both ready objects of inquiry well-suited for rhetorical methods and generative sites with the potential to stimulate thinking about communication processes in general and rhetoric in particular.
Identification of Nitric Oxide-Derived EPR Signals in Human Cancers

Progressively growing cancers in animals and humans often have significant infiltration by host macrophages (Svennevig et al., 1979;; Wood & Gillespie, 1975; Eccles & Alexander, 1974a). Conflicting data exist concerning the role of these tumor-infiltrating macrophages. In some studies, the degree of tumor infiltration by macrophages has correlated with a decrease in metastases or increased survival (Lauder et al. 1977; Eccles & Alexander, 1974b; Underwood, 1974; Wood & Gillespie, 1975; Mahoney & Heppner, 1987). Other reports have suggested that macrophage infiltration of tumors may adversely affect host immune function and promote tumor growth (Mantovani et al., 1992; McBride, 1986; Eccles & Alexander, 1974b; Gillespie & Russell, 1980; Mills et al., 1992).
Simulation of Brain Hemodynamics: The Virtual Aneurysm

One of the most challenging applications of simulations in medicine is the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate vascular hemodynamics and visualize the resulting complex flow patterns so that physicians can better understand and plan the treatment of patients with life-threatening vascular diseases such as brain aneurysms. It is now possible to acquire high-resolution images of the brain, and to subsequently create detailed 3D models of aneurysm geometry. CFD methods are used to calculate vascular flow patterns in the aneurysm, including fluid velocity and wall pressure and strain. Virtual-reality visualization techniques are then used to enable the physician to interactively explore vascular geometry and flow patterns in an immersive environment. The resulting simulation data and visualization techniques are helping medical researchers to develop new theories and tools to better organize and understand the complex anatomy and physiology of human brain vasculature.
Implications of Lee-Yang Theorem In Quantum Gravity

The contributions of this note are twofold: First, it gives a generic recipe to apply Lee-Yang Theorem to solutions of Einstein field equations. Secondly, this existence of the applicability of Lee-Yang Theorem on a partition function of spacetime manifolds might also shed some light on the connection between the number theory, gravity, and gauge field theory. The connection to the Riemann Zeta function is quite interesting when one is also studying the distribution of non-trivial zeroes of the Riemann Zeta function\cite{BRiemann}, or its generic form (Dirichlet L-function).
Preoperative CT Findings and Interobserver Reliability of Fournier Gangrene.

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to delineate CT findings and anatomic areas of involvement of surgically proven Fournier gangrene (FG) and determine interobserver reliability. MATERIALS A...
Capnocytophaga Keratitis: Clinical Presentation and Use of Metagenomic Deep Sequencing for Diagnosis.

Author(s): Seitzman, Gerami D; Thulasi, Praneetha; Hinterwirth, Armin; Chen, Cindi; Shantha, Jessica; Doan, Thuy | Abstract: PurposeTo report our experience with 2 cases of Capnocytophaga keratitis.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of case reports. We present the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment strategies of 2 patients who presented with Capnocytophaga keratitis.ResultsBoth patients had risk factors including systemic immune compromise and ocular trauma. Both patients had robust inflammatory keratitis with necrosis. Case 1 demonstrates identification of Capnocytophaga with traditional microbiologic techniques. Case 2 demonstrates the use of unbiased metagenomic deep sequencing for identification of this unusual corneal pathogen.ConclusionsCapnocytophaga is a rare and aggressive infection. Even when traditional culture identifies the pathogen rapidly, keratitis can progress to perforation. In cases of severe keratitis in which traditional culture methods are unrevealing, metagenomic deep sequencing has potential to provide actionable diagnoses.
The Political Thought of Justice Antonin Scalia: A Hamiltonian Conservative

“[T]he views of Alexander Hamilton (a draftsman) bear [no] more authority than the views of Thomas Jefferson (not a draftsman) with regard to the meaning of Constitution.”–Antonin Scalia1Antonin Sc...
Differential glucose metabolism in weight restored women with anorexia nervosa.

Abstract Women with anorexia nervosa (AN) develop visceral adiposity associated with insulin resistance after partial weight restoration, but little is known about the glucose homeostasis after full weight restoration. In this investigation, we studied glucose homeostasis in twenty-four women with AN before (AN) and after weight restoration (WR) at a single institution, with both restricting and binge-purge subtypes (>70% binge-purge), compared to gender-, age- and BMI-matched healthy controls (HC). Participants underwent fasting plasma hormone analysis, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and body composition analysis. Glucose homeostasis was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and OGTT, and parameters were analyzed for association with body composition. We observed that a subset of the WR patients (21%) had metabolically unhealthy HOMA insulin resistance estimates (HOMA-IR), while this was not seen in the control group. Overall mean HOMA-IR between groups were not significantly different. Mean glucose reactivity was higher in the WR group than HC women (p = 0.008, Hedges’ g = 0.811), and time-adjusted glucose reactivity in the WR group was inversely associated with visceral adiposity (r = –0.559, p = 0.006), but not with fat mass (r = –273, p = 0.208) or lean mass (r = –0.002, p = 0.994). Our findings suggest that glucose response during the OGTT in women with AN is altered in association with visceral adiposity acutely after full weight restoration, but that they do not develop overt insulin resistance. Glucometabolic profiling could offer novel insights to energy homeostasis acutely after weight restoration.
Poster: Contactless Infant Monitoring using White Noise

In this poster accompanying the MobiCom 2019 paper, we describes how to enable infant monitoring capability using white noise. Specifically, we design a set of novel algorithms that can extract the minute infant breathing motion as well as position information from white noise which is random in both the time and frequency domain. Our study demonstrates that the system achieves high correlation between the measured respiratory rate and the ground truth.