cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Case Report of Widely Disseminated Tuberculosis in Immunocompetent Adult Male.

Author(s): Esposito, Samantha B.; Levi, Joseph; Matuzsan, Zachary M.; Amaducci, Alexandra M.; Richardson, David M. | Abstract: Introduction: Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is rare, affects any organ system, and presents mainly in immunocompromised populations. Typical presentation is non-specific, posing a challenge for diagnosis.Case Report: This case presents an immunocompetent male presenting with severe headaches with meningeal signs. Lab and lumbar puncture results suggested bacterial meningitis, yet initial cerebral spinal fluid cultures and meningitis/encephalitis polymerase chain reaction were negative. A chest radiograph (CXR) provided the only evidence suggesting TB, leading to further tests showing dissemination to the brain, spinal cord, meninges, muscle, joint, and bone.Discussion: This case stands to acknowledge the difficulty of diagnosis in the emergency department (ED), and the need for emergency physicians to maintain a broad differential including disseminated TB as a possibility from the beginning of assessment. In this case, emergency physicians should be aware of predisposing factors of disseminated TB in patients presenting with non-specific symptoms. They should also acknowledge that TB may present atypically in patients with minimal predisposing factors, rendering the need to further investigate abnormal CXR images despite lab results inconsistent with TB.Conclusion: While this diagnosis is easily missed, early identification in the ED can lead to optimal treatment.
Local interactions in the bone marrow microenvironment and their contributions to systemic metabolic processes

Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to summarize recent advancements in our understanding of the relationship between bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) and their neighboring bone marrow cells, and how these interactions influence the local marrow niche and systemic metabolism. While it is tempting to think of cells within the bone marrow niche as functionally distinct islands working toward independent and highly specialized tasks (e.g., hematopoiesis, bone formation, immune development, etc.), cells of the bone marrow niche are highly dependent on the heterogeneous population of mature and progenitor cells surrounding them for support, innervation, signaling activation, and for meeting their energy demands. This elaborate network of intercellular communication is mediated by a variety of external and internal signals including cytokines, hormones, and cell–cell contacts, and thus the net effect of which can dramatically shift the composition and function of bone marrow. Bone marrow adiposity is often altered in pathological states, leading many to recognize the potential role of BMAs in regulating marrow physiology.
Population Change and Income Inequality in Rural America.

This paper examines the effects of population growth and decline on county-level income inequality in the rural United States from 1980 to 2016. Findings from previous research have shown that population growth is positively associated with income inequality. However, these studies are largely motivated by theories of urbanization and growth in metropolitan areas and do not explicitly test for differences between the impacts of population growth and decline. Examining the effects of both forms of population change on income inequality is particularly important in rural areas of the United States, the majority of which are experiencing population decline. We analyze county-level data (N = 11,320 county-decades) from the U.S. Decennial Census and American Community Survey, applying fixed effects regression models to estimate the respective effects of population growth and decline on income inequality within rural counties. We find that both forms of population change have significant effects on income inequality relative to stable growth. Population decline is associated with increases in income inequality, while population growth is marginally associated with decreases in inequality. These relationships are consistent across a variety of model specifications, including models that account for counties’ employment, sociodemographic, and ethno-racial composition. We also find that the relationship between income inequality and population change varies by counties’ geographic region, baseline level of inequality, and baseline population size, suggesting that the links between population change and income inequality are not uniform across rural America.
Percutaneous Access of the Modified Hutson Loop for Retrograde Cholangiography, Endoscopy, and Biliary Interventions.

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to present the institutional experience of performing endoscopy, cholangiography, and biliary interventions through the modified Hutson loop by interventional radiology. Materials and Methods A total of 61 of 64 modified Hutson loop access procedures were successful. This single-center retrospective study included 61 successful procedures of biliary interventions using existing modified Hutson loops (surgically affixed subcutaneous jejunal limb adjacent to biliary anastomosis or anastomoses) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes in 21 patients. Seventeen of 21 patients (81%) had undergone liver transplantation. Indications included biliary strictures (n = 18) and biliary leaks (n = 3). The clinical success and complications were evaluated. Results There were 3 of 26 modified Hutson loop retrograde biliary intervention failures (12%) before introduction of endoscopy and no failures (0 of 38 [0%]) subsequently (P = .06). Endoscopy or cholangioscopy was performed in 19 procedures by interventional radiologists. Retrograde biliary interventions included diagnostic cholangiography (n = 26), cholangioplasty (n = 25), stent placement (n = 29), stent retrieval (n = 25), and biliary drainage catheter placement (n = 5). No procedure-related mortality occurred. There was 1 major complication (duodenal perforation) (1.6%) and 12 minor complications (19%). In the 9 patients undergoing therapeutic interventions for biliary strictures, there was a significant decrease in median alkaline phosphatase (288.5 to 174.5 U/L; P = .03). There was a trend toward decrease in median bilirubin levels (1.7 to 1 mg/dL; P = .06) at 1 month post-intervention. Conclusions The modified Hutson loop provided interventional radiologists a safe and effective alternative access to manage biliary complications in patients with biliary-enteric anastomoses. Introduction of the endoscope in interventional radiology has improved the success rate of these procedures.
Is donation after circulatory determination of death feasible for pediatric patients in italy

To determine the potential effect of a donation after cardiac death active program on the number of organ donors in a Italian Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). We conducted a retrospective study of all deaths in PICU of an academic Children Hospital between 2012 and 2020, tracing the organ donation activity. Patients were categorized as brain deaths, deaths despite maximal resuscitation, and deaths after withdrawal or limitation of life support. Patient demographics, premortem physiology, end-of-life circumstances, and functional warm ischemia time were recorded. Eligible donors after cardiac death were identified by the absence of medical contraindication and functional warm ischemia time <60 minutes. Of 124 deaths that occurred during the study period, 34 met criteria for brain death, 23 were potential donors, and 13 became actual donors. Of the remaining 90 patients that met criteria for cardiac death, 66 died despite maximal resuscitation, 24 died after withdrawal or limitation of care and between them 13 were identified as theoretically eligible DCD donors. Of these, 5 patients had a functional warm ischemia time of <1 hour and were potential candidates for DCD of 10 kidneys and 2 lungs. Even if few children could have been eligible for DCD in the study period, an active program could have been able to increase the number of potential organ donors by 20% in the last eight years at our institution. DCD deserves to be explored in Italy as a new option for children.
Genomic and phenotypic divergence informs translocation strategies for an endangered freshwater fish

Translocation, the movement of organisms for conservation purposes, can result in unintended introgression if genetic material flows between populations in new ways. The Bluemask Darter Etheostoma akatulo is a federally endangered species of freshwater fish inhabiting the Caney Fork River system and three of its tributaries (Collins River, Rocky River, and Cane Creek) in Tennessee. The current conservation strategy for Bluemask Darters involves translocating the progeny of broodstock from the Collins River (in the west) to the Calfkiller River (in the east) where the species had been extirpated. In this study, we use ddRAD sequence data from across the extant range to assess this translocation strategy in light of population structure, phylogeny, and demography. We also include museum specimen data to assess morphological variation among extant and extirpated populations. Our analyses reveal substantial genetic and phenotypic disparities between a western population in the Collins River and an eastern population encompassing the Rocky River, Cane Creek, and upper Caney Fork, the two of which shared common ancestry more than 100,000 years ago. Furthermore, morphological analyses classify 12 of 13 Calfkiller River specimens with phenotypes consistent with the eastern population. These results suggest that current translocations perturb the evolutionary boundaries between two delimited populations. Instead, we suggest that repopulating the Calfkiller River using juveniles from the Rocky River could balance conflicting signatures of demography, diversity, and divergence. Beyond conservation, the microgeographic structure of Bluemask Darter populations adds another puzzle to the phylogeography of the hyperdiverse freshwater fishes in eastern North America.
Structural Precursors to Fracture in Adhesive Joints

Sructure-property relations in adhesive joints are reviewed for the purpose of explaining the general nature of conditions and structural processes leading to fracture. Reference is made to selected homogeneous materials and adhesive joints to illustrate specific features. The adhesive joint is described as a composite structure composed of adherend and adhesive layers and various chemical and structural transition layers. The nature and dimensions of materials structural features are considered. Traditional and modern methods of analysis are summarized with special emphasis placed on the use of materials characteristic curves to indicate the existence of structural precursors to fracture. These features, in relatively small quantities, severely alter the mechanical properties of the adhesive joint. In only a few instances have structural precursors to fracture been directly observed and identified due to their small dimensions, distribution in the system and limited quantity. It is concluded that identifying the presence of structural precursors to fracture by the use of materials characteristic curves may aid the avoidance of adhesive joint failure.
Better for Baby? The Retreat From Mid-Pregnancy Marriage and Implications for Parenting and Child Well-being

Recent decades have seen a significant decline in mid-pregnancy (“shotgun”) marriage, particularly among disadvantaged groups, which has contributed to increasing nonmarital birth rates. Despite public and political concern about this shift, the implications for parenting and child well-being are not known. Drawing on a sample of U.S. black and white mothers with nonmarital conceptions from the NLSY79, our study fills this gap. Using propensity score techniques to address concerns about selection bias, we found that mid-pregnancy marriages were associated with slightly better parenting quality relative to remaining single, although effect sizes were small and limited to marriages that remained intact at the time of child assessment. Mid-pregnancy marriages were not associated with improved children’s behavior or cognitive ability. These findings suggest that the retreat from mid-pregnancy marriage may contribute to increasing inequality in parenting resources for children.
Changes in Strength of Silt Due to Freeze-Thaw

A laboratory test program was conducted to determine the effect of water content on strength of a Manchester silt subjected to freeze-thaw. Samples were prepared at 10% and 20% moisture and 90 pcf and 100 pcf dry density. Laboratory vane shear tests were conducted on unfrozen samples and samples subjected to both open and closed system freezing. Strength anisotropy was investigated by inserting the vane in both the vertical and horizontal direction. The results showed that strength is closely related to moisture content for both unfrozen and thawed soil. In addition, freeze-thaw caused an increase in strength for samples held at a constant water content while the strength decreased if water content increased. The effect of freeze-thaw was attributed to a change in fabric of the silt or a change in pore pressure or both attributed to increased moisture.
Induction and impairment during event control: A means of resolving the perception-action distinction?: Commentary on Müsseler

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses induction and impairment during event control. In S-R compatibility and mental–manual rotation experiments, induction is reflected in compatibility effects and directional capture of ambiguous rotary stimuli via hand movements, respectively. Common to both paradigms is the fact that the presentation of the critical stimulus (i.e., the response-initiating stimulus in S-R compatibility tasks, and the ambiguous visual stimuli in manual–mental rotation tasks) does not induce an interruption of planning. In S-R compatibility tasks, subjects undergo both feature activation and feature encapsulation. Planning is not interrupted, and induction occurs. Distinguishing between the impairment of immediate versus non-immediate events is important because the use of variables that produce such events often leads researchers to refer to the former as “motor” variables and the latter as “perceptual” variables. In the literature on spatial perception and eye-movements, for example, there is a long-standing controversy regarding the finding that while observers can accurately indicate the location of a peri-saccadic flash in the dark via re-directed eye-movements, hammer-blows, and manual pointing, they nonetheless, reliably report illusory positions for such flashes.
The Evolution of Analytic and Computational Methods for Fixed‐Wing Flight Vehicle Aeroelasticity

The development of analysis and computational methods used to design and certify fixed-wing flight vehicles is presented in this chapter from the early work following World War I and up to recent development in computational fluid dynamics/finite element-based computational aeroelasticity and from flight vehicles operating in the low subsonic flow regime to vehicles that fly transonically, supersonically, and hypersonically, representing flight vehicle technology developed over more than a hundred years of flight. The professional literature on aeroelasticity is vast, and only key references are included in the bibliography at the end of this chapter. These references contain substantial references lists of their own that can serve as appoint of departure for further searches. Keywords: Aeroelasticity; aeroservoelasticity; unsteady aerodynamics; computational fluid dynamics; computational structural dynamics
RADIOCARBON AGES ON ORGANICS FROM PIEDMONT ALLUVIUM, AJO MOUNTAINS, ARIZONA

Alluvium in dry lands is considered difficult to date by radiocarbon methods because of the paucity of organic matter. Although organic materials of sufficient size for conventional 14C dating are rare, wet sieving of alluvium in the Sonoran Desert yields sufficient organics for 14C measurements by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Detrital charcoal from two Quaternary fluvial fill terraces on the western side of the Ajo Mountains yielded 14C ages of 14,880 ± 70 yr B.P. (CAMS-12408) for the Qt 1 terrace and 2490 ± 60 yr B.P. (CAMS-12414) and 2510 ± 60 yr B.P. (CAMS-12415) for the smaller inset Qt 2 terrace. These 14C ages are consistent with what is known about rates of soil development in the region. The earlier aggradation event appears to be supported by regional and possibly global climate change at about 14,000 14C yr B.P. The more recent aggradation event does not appear to be synchronous with periods of frequent paleofloods in the southwest. The offset between 14C and 36Cl ages for the same terr...
EIGENVALUE ASYMPTOTICS AND EXPONENTIAL DECAY OF EIGENFUNCTIONS FOR SCHRODINGER OPERATORS WITH MAGNETIC FIELDS

We consider the Schr6dinger operator with magnetic field, H= (Va(x))2 + V(x) in RJ'. Assuming that V > 0 and icurl a I + V + 1 is locally in certain reverse Holder class, we study the eigenvalue asymptotics and exponential decay of eigenfunctions. INTRODUCTION Consider the Schrodinger operator with magnetic field (0.1) H=H(a,V)= (,jV-a(x)) +V(x) inlR' n>3, where i = =-1, V: Rn -* R is the electric (scalar) potential and a : Rn Rn is the magnetic (vector) potential. Under some natural conditions on a and V, H admits a self-adjoint realization, which is still denoted by H, in L2(IR1n). In this paper we shall study its eigenvalue asymptotics and exponential decay of its eigenfunctions. Let N(A,H) denote the number of eigenvalues (counting multiplicity) of H smaller than A (or the dimension of the spectral projection for H corresponding to (-x,> A)). In the case a (x) _ 0, the following phase-space volume estimate due to Cwickel-Lieb-Rosenbljum [Sil, Theorem 9.3, p. 95] is classical: (0.2) N(A, -A + V) < cnl{(I , X) E R n x R n : 1H12 + V(x) < }l where cn is a constant depending on n. On the other hand, there exist some simple degenerate potentials V(x) (i.e., potentials which do not tend to infinity in all direction as lxi -oo, e.g., V(x) = V(xi, x2,... , xn) = x2x n...xn) for which, the right-hand side of (0.2) is infinite and, nevertheless, -A + V(x) has a discrete spectrum. Furthermore, in the case where a (x) 0 and V(x) 0, the phase-space volume of the set where the symbol of H is less than A, n I{(x,~) E nR x R:n E Ijaj(x)l2 < }l, j=1 Received by the editors May 19, 1995. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 35P20, 35J10.
Prediction of Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease: Longitudinal Rates of Change in Cognition

Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (pAD) reflects neuropathological findings of AD in cognitively normal subjects. The present study represents an effort to determine if differences could be identified in the longitudinal patterns of cognitive performance in persons classified as pAD compared to those who did not meet criteria for AD at autopsy. We included 121 subjects who were cognitively normal from baseline through their last assessment before death and who underwent autopsy. Participants were classified into two groups: pathologically normal (PN; NIA-Reagan low or no-likelihood of AD, n = 89) and preclinical AD (pAD; NIA-Reagan criteria of intermediate or high-likelihood of AD in the absence of clinical dementia symptoms, n = 32) followed for a mean 7.5 years prior to death. Longitudinal rates and patterns of change in scores on a standard cognitive battery were compared between these two groups. While cognitive results at baseline and last evaluations revealed no clear cross sectional group differences after adjustment for age, ApoE status, education, and gender, statistically significant differences between the pAD and PN groups in slope of decline were seen on a composite score of cognitive function. Further analyses showed three components of this score reached significance: constructional praxis, delayed recall of a word list, and category verbal fluency. Despite being clinically viewed as normal at enrollment and at the final exam, there are significant differences in rates of cognitive decline in participants classified as pAD compared to those without this pathology. Longitudinal changes in slope of decline in specific cognitive test measures can serve as non-invasive methods for the detection of pAD.
QCD fits to neutrino-iron structure functions at NuTeV

This thesis presents a new determination of {Lambda}{sub QCD} from Next-to-Leading Order QCD fits to the Q{sup 2} dependence of neutrino-iron structure functions. This is the first measurement of {Lambda}{sub QCD} which uses a theoretical model that fully accounts for heavy quark production. Compared with previous neutrino measurements, the result has improved understanding of the largest systematic uncertainties on the muon and hadron energy scales. These improvements lead to one of the most precise determination of {alpha}{sub S} at moderate Q{sup 2}. NuTeV is a neutrino-iron deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiment that collected data during 1996-97 at Fermilab. The key features of NuTeV include its sign-selected beam which produced separate high purity neutrino and antineutrino beams, and its continuous calibration beam which enabled NuTeV to considerably improve the knowledge of energy scales which have dominated uncertainties in the previous measurements.
Phalangeal synostosis (Symphalangism)

Skeletal fusions occur at all levels of the upper limb skeleton and are classified separately and independently of each interval. No global classification exists, and none is practical. These fusions occur commonly at the phalangeal and sometimes metacarpal level and are accompanied by soft tissue anomalies. Phalangeal synostosis, also known as symphalangism, is usually seen within the context of a syndrome. The true incidence of this anomaly has never been determined [1]. In Flatt’s series from Iowa, the reported incidence of true symphalangism is 0.03 % [2] and in Buck Gramcko’s patients in Germany is higher up to 4.0 % [3].
The Biopolitics of Transactional Capitalism

In the spring of 2010, major newspapers in the U.S. announced arrival of a “recovery” from the economic recession precipitated by the 2008 financial crisis. This essay examines the biopolitics of recovery in the wake of the disaster capitalism of the financial meltdown, arguing that twentieth-century social welfare biopolitics that derived wealth from the populace have been replaced by new forms of financial power whose global circulations and convergences exploit wealth informatically and transactionally, rather than biopolitically, through devices such as derivatives and technologies such a high-frequency trading. Carbon derivatives trading is used to illustrate how wealth can be generated informatically from a thanatopolitics of destruction.
The Discrete Topology Optimization of Compliant Mechanisms

In the discrete topology optimization, material state is either solid or void and there is no topology uncertainty problem caused by intermediate material state. The outer corner cutting and inner corner filling strategy is introduced in this paper for the discrete topology optimization of compliant mechanisms. The design domain is discretized into quadrilateral design cells and every quadrilateral design cell is further subdivided into triangular analysis cells. All outer and inner corners are eliminated with the corner handling strategy. To make the designed compliant mechanisms safe, the local stress constraint is directly imposed on each triangular analysis cell. To circumvent the geometrical bias against the vertical design cells, the binary bit-array genetic algorithm is used to search for the optimal topology. Two topology optimization examples of compliant mechanisms are solved based on the proposed corner handling strategy and subdivision approach.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Resolution of pulmonary interstitial emphysema following selective left main stem intubation in a premature newborn: an old procedure revisited

Summary Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) contributes to worsening respiratory status in already compromised premature infants. Various treatments for PIE include high-frequency ventilation, postural therapy, pneumonectomy or lobectomy and selective bronchial intubation. While right main stem bronchus intubation is easy to perform at the bedside for treatment of PIE in the left lung, left main stem bronchus intubation for the treatment of right-sided PIE remains challenging and the technique was rarely reported and poorly described. In this case report, we revisit this procedure and describe successful treatment of right lung PIE with hyperinflation by selective left main stem intubation at 2 weeks of life in a 24-week-old premature infant who had respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary hemorrhage. A detailed description is given to allow clinical bedside replication following specific anatomic landmarks.
‘Only one repertory’: American religious studies

This paper assesses American Religious Studies by attending to its institutional lineages, its tone and genre, and its sometimes unconscious methodological presumptions. Exploring the implications of Zora Neale Hurston's ‘lying up a narrative,’ this piece suggests that a series of narrative, curricular, and theoretical commitments produce a particular kind of ‘religion’ as normative in the study of American religions. As the narrative of post-denominational pluralism has become normative, a discursive ambivalence has been produced wherein a liberal, identitarian conception of religion coexists awkwardly with a radical suspicion of the analytical limits of ‘religion’ as an object of study. Identifying the different nodes of this ambivalence, this essay suggests that scholars might move beyond analytical repetition or paralysis by pluralizing method, genre, and style.
Adolescent Conduct Disorder, Substance Use, and Traumatic Injury

ABSTRACT This study prospectively examines die relationship of two types of common behavioral problems of adolescence, substance involvement (SI) and Conduct Disorder Behavior (CDB), to traumatic injury related health problems (TRHP) during adolescence and young adulthood. We followed a sample of 212 youths over 6 years with assessments of SI, CDBs and symptoms, and TRHPs at 2, 4, and 6 years post baseline. We hypothesized that SI and CDB would be associated with an increased incidence of TRHPs and that males would exhibit more SI and CDB than females. We also examined both the independent and combined impact of SI and CDB on TRHP. We found that males reported more SI, CDB, and TRHP than females. Regression analyses suggest that early SI places females at risk for TRHP, while CDB is more related to TRHP for males. Specifically, CDB was directly associated with increased TRHPs in male adolescents and young adults. We suggest that SI impacts TRHPs through its association with CDB; however, the relationships...
SELECTION AND CLASSIFICATION TESTS FOE WOMEN: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

The purpose of this review of the literature was to examine the appropriateness of using with women the same selection and classification procedures that are used with men in situations in which both men and women are selected for the same jobs. Particular attention was paid to reports of the selection of women for jobs similar to billets in the U. S. Navy. Two valuable sources of information on women which included comparable data for men were U. S. Air Force reports of the selection of personnel for Air Force technical schools and British reports of the selection of women for the Auxiliary Territorial Service during World War II. Most industrial studies were based on samples of one sex. It became apparent that in normal times most civilian jobs are held predominantly by members of one sex or the other, and hence the practical problem of the influence of sex differences on predictive measures has not been investigated to any extent by those who are conducting personnel research in industry. The findings tend to support the assumption that tests developed and used for the selection of men must be carefully examined prior to their use in selecting women for the same jobs. This seems particularly true for tests in mechanical and computational areas. In general, findings seem to indicate that a given tests score may not predict the same level of on-the-job performance for a woman as for a man, there being evidence that women do better than would be predicted from scores based on tests and procedures developed for men.
The change in activated sludge surface properties after heavy metals leaching

The change in colloid-chemical properties of natural sludge sol formed as a result of biological treatment of domestic wastewater in the process of heavy metals leaching induced by metabolizing heterotrophic (acidogenic and alkaligenic) chemotrophic biocoenosis was investigated. It was found that bioleaching of heavy metals involving heterotrophs results in hydrophobization of sludge colloids and reduces its negative charge. Heavy metals leaching also results in destabilization of sludge sol, maximum in biological processes. Exopolysaccharides significantly stabilizing sludge sol have a little effect on its stability after heavy metals have been leached.
Torque-balanced high-density steady states of single-component plasmas

Electron plasmas in a Penning-Malmberg trap are compressed radially using a rotating electric field (the ``rotating-wall technique''). For large electric fields, plasmas can be compressed over a broad range of frequencies. This permits access to a novel high-density regime in which outward transport is insensitive to plasma density. The limiting density occurs when the plasma rotation frequency equals the rotating-wall frequency. Characteristics of the resulting torque-balanced steady states are described, and implications for high-density electron and positron plasma confinement are discussed.
DNA ALS GERUST ZUR BILDUNG VON AGGREGATEN AUS GOLD-NANOKRISTALLEN

Spezifische, unregelmasige Anordnungen von Gold-Nanokristallen mit Durchmessern von 5 und 10 nm lassen sich gezielt mit Hilfe doppelstrangiger DNA als Templat herstellen (siehe Bild; A′ und B′ bezeichnen die zu den Sequenzen A bzw. B komplementaren Oligonucleotidsequenzen). Die hier beschriebenen Methoden sollten sich auf Nanokristalle aus den verschiedensten Materialien anwenden lassen.
Submucosal Bladder Neck Injection of Bovine Dermal Collagen for Stress Urinary Incontinence in the Pediatric Population

AbstractPurpose: The surgical management of stress urinary incontinence in the pediatric population includes various surgical techniques of which the simplest is outpatient transurethral or periurethral injection of a bulking agent. Currently purified bovine dermal collagen cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (Contigen) is the only Food and Drug Administration approved bulking agent available. Patients with stable detrusor function are ideal candidates. We review our initial experience with children.Materials and Methods: Between January 1994 and June 1995, 23 boys and 9 girls 4 to 17 years old (mean age 9) consecutively underwent submucosal bladder neck injection with cross-linked bovine dermal collagen. Incontinence was secondary to spinal dysraphism in 24 patients, complete epispadias in 4, classic bladder exstrophy in 3 and neurogenic bladder secondary to a sacral teratoma in 1. Preoperative video urodynamics documented intrinsic sphincteric deficiency in all patients with leak point pressure of 15 to 60...
Critique of “sexual liberation, old‐fashioned outlook, and authoritarianism”: A reply to Ray

(1989). Critique of “sexual liberation, old‐fashioned outlook, and authoritarianism”: A reply to Ray. The Journal of Sex Research: Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 141-143.
Process latitudes in projection printing

A simulation package has been developed to address a wide variety of process latitude issues. The authors demonstrate its versatility by studying three examples: (i) process latitude degradation due to notching, (ii) line width dependence of a newly developed negative I-line chemically amplified resist on baking time, and (iii) linewidth control of an exposed x-ray 0.5 (mu) line as a function of baking time. A powerful all-purpose 3-D dissolution algorithm has been developed for this purpose. It is the only dissolution algorithm capable of handling changes to topology of the dissolution surface.
Electromagnetic self-interaction of superconducting cosmic strings

This paper explores the electromagnetic self-interaction of oscillating, superconducting cosmic string loops. A linear integral operator formalism is developed. To order ${q}^{2}$ (\ensuremath{\sim}(1/137), this can be put in the form of an explicit transfer matrix that connects the electromagnetic state of a string at one time to its state exactly one mechanical period later. Numerical eigenmode analysis of this matrix determines the complete electromagnetic behavior of the loop. Most modes are radiatively damped. However, it is found that some loops have unstable modes: Alternating currents grow exponentially by dynamo self-interaction. This channel converts the mechanical energy of the string into electromagnetic fields.
What is learning presence and what can it tell us about success in learning online

The Community of Inquiry (COI) framework focused on the roles of course design and facilitation (Teaching Presence), students' sense of community and belonging (Social Presence), and cognitive engagement with the course content (Cognitive Presence) in developing valuable learning experiences in primarily text-based learning environments. The role of students' self-regulatory processes (Learning Presence) along with the original constructs was proposed in recent years. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the measurement and dimensionality of TP, SP, LP, and CP. The internal reliability of survey instrument used in the study was established by evaluation of Cronbach's alpha for the TP, SP, CP, and LP scales. The reliability coefficients ranged from 0.79 to 0.92. Hierarchical linear regression was then used to evaluate the relationship of LP to CP, controlling for variance already explained by TP and SP. The two-step hierarchical linear regression (n = 248) showed that TP and SP explained 52 percent of the variance in CP, R-square = 0.520, F(2, 245) = 132.73, p < 0.01 in the first model. In the second model, LP explained and additional 9 percent of the of the variance in CP beyond what was explained by TP and SP, delta R-square = 0.090, F(l, 244) = 56.08, p < 0.01. Results from this study suggest that LP adds value to the COI framework and warrants further investigation.
Abstract A40: New approaches to target mevalonate biosynthesis

To support rapid growth, tumors need to synthesize lipids and cholesterol, and stopping production of these metabolites can inhibit tumors. Statins are among the most prescribed and well-tolerated drugs in the world to treat cardiovascular disease by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis. Statins are known to be toxic to cancer cells and have attracted renewed attention because of the increased appreciation of the importance of the regulation of metabolism in tumors. Statins have not progressed beyond clinical trials because some patients significantly benefit, while others do not in a range of cancers. Our strategy is to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of tumor responses to statins and thereby enhance statin toxicity to cancer cells. We have found that combining statins with oxysterols synergistically enhances statin toxicity by 10-fold. Oxysterols are oxidized cholesterol metabolites that naturally occur during cholesterol synthesis. We hypothesize that oxysterols inhibit the expression of cholesterol synthesis through a master regulator of metabolism, SREBP-2, making cells more sensitive to statins. We find that oxysterols enhance statin induced apoptosis and suppress the expression of SREBP-2 along with SREBP-2 targets including HMGCR. We have tested a number of oxysterols that work with a range of efficacies in seven representative ovarian cancer cell lines. P53 status is not a major factor in mediating oxysterol activity. Oxysterols inhibit expression of SREBP-2 leading to lower expression of the statin target, HMGCR, along with lower expression of most of the mevalonate and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways. These observations suggests that the cell's response to statins and not initial expression levels may be most critical to determine which patients may benefit from statin therapy. Current studies are testing the combination in mouse models and evaluating the function and regulation of SREBP-2 in ovarian cancer. In summary, we have discovered an approach to suppress cancer cell's response to statins leading to greatly improved statin efficacy highlighting the importance of the mevalonate and cholesterol pathways in mediating growth and survival. Citation Format: Cinzia Casella, Alexander S. Brodsky. New approaches to target mevalonate biosynthesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A40.
Fairytale Cynicism in the ‘Kingdom of Plastic Bags’ The Powerlessness of Place in a Ukrainian Border Town

This article explores local transformations of power, and accompanying expressions of communal powerlessness, in Chelnochovskna-Dniestre, a town on the southwestern border of Ukraine where the collapse of the Soviet system has triggered the disintegration of the political, economic and physical infrastructure, as well as the concomitant departure of almost all those able to obtain visas to emigrate. It seeks to understand and articulate the distinctive and complex sense of place that has taken hold of the town, whose collective consciousness is now at once extensively transnational and intensively local, and where place is made palpable as much through what is absent as through what is present. In so doing, it seeks a more profound appreciation of the power of place itself on the lives of ethnography’s subjects.
Good management, sound finances, and social responsibility: Two decades of U.S. corporate insider perspectives on reputation and the bottom line

Abstract This research sought to expand practitioner and scholarly understanding of the relationship between corporate reputation and the bottom line. An analysis of 706 firms over a 21-year timeframe revealed three attributes of reputation – management quality, financial soundness, and social responsibility – made consistently positive contributions to several measures of firm financial performance. Perceptions of corporate reputation were gathered exclusively from U.S. executives, directors, and financial analysts, referred to herein as corporate insiders.
Combined Adjustable Rectus Muscle Resection—Recession for Incomitant Strabismus

Introduction: We sought to report the results of combined adjustable suture resection and recession of a rectus extraocular muscle in a subset of patients who are asymptomatic in the primary position but diplopic in secondary functional gaze positions. Methods: We undertook a retrospective chart review of 12 patients who underwent a surgical procedure consisting of combined resection and recession of the same rectus extraocular muscle on adjustable suture, the amount of recession being double the amount of resection. Results: The amount of incomitance reduced from a preoperative mean of 11.6 prism diopters (PD) to a postoperative mean of 2.9 PD. All 4 rectus muscles underwent operation No significant change in the primary position alignment occurred. Diplopia was eliminated in 11 of the 12 patients postoperatively. Conclusion: The combined adjustable suture resection and recession operation is an effective and easy procedure for treatment of this subset of patients with incomitant strabismus.
Thermodynamic and mass transport properties of “LiIn”

Abstract The EMF of the vario-stoichiometric phase “LiIn” lies between 497 and 145 mV relative to pure lithium at 415°C over the composition range from 46.7 to 63.3 a/o Li, corresponding to a lithium activity varying from 2.29×10−4 to 8.67×10−2 at that temperature. On the Li-deficient side of LiIn, the chemical diffusion coefficient increases rapidly with decreasing lithium concentration, approaching the value of 3.98×10−5 cm2/sec near the In-rich phase boundary of “LiIn”. In the region of positive deviations from the ideal stoichiometry, the chemical diffusion coefficient remains essentially constant up to a composition about 57.8 a/o Li. At higher lithium concentrations, the chemical diffusion coefficient first decreases and then increases as more lithium is added to the sample, and shows a minimum value of 4.73×10−7 cm2/sec at 62.2 a/o Li.
The effects of nonresidential land uses on the prices of adjacent housing: Some estimates of proximity effects

This paper reports the results of 16 market experiments designed to produce measures of the effects of nonresidential land uses on the prices of nearby dwellings. Each experiment consists of a sample of home sales in a homogeneous neighborhood located near a single nonresidential land use, e.g., industry, commercial, high-density dwellings, and highways. The data consist of price, physical characteristics of the dwelling, distance from the nonresidential use, and the date of sale for each transaction. Hedonic price indices are estimated and the significance of the distance effects assessed. No systematic relationship between nonresidential land use per se and housing prices is found.
Technical Microscopy in the Rubber Industry

Abstract For supplying information not obtainable by the usual methods, the microscope is useful and often essential; not only will it disclose details which would otherwise be unseen, but by its unique methods of examination measurements of certain properties of materials can be readily secured which are not otherwise obtainable. When one considers the value of the microscope to the rubber industry specifically, the study of the size of particles is usually the first and frequently the only application which comes to mind, although other uses have been suggested and described. The present paper not only describes the importance of the microscope in determining particle size and shape, but also covers its applications in the solution of other problems which ordinarily are not considered to lie in the field of microscopy. [Chamot describes many interesting applications in different industries which indicate the unusual capabilities of microscopic methods.] In a well-organized industrial laboratory, the mic...
Comparison of Several Re-entry Vehicle Base Pressure Correlations

P s w oo Nomenclature = diameter = static and stagnation enthalpy =wall static enthalpy =stagnation enthalpy =Mach number =Mach number at rear edge of vehicle (all edge properties are at edge of boundary layer) =base pressure = static pressure at rear edge of vehicle = static pressure =base radius = Reynolds number = Reynolds number based on base radius = Reynolds number based on total wetted length = nose radius =bluntness ratio =wetted length =cone half-angle
Using metrics in management decision making

The amount of code in NASA systems has continued to grow over the past 30 years. This growth brings with it the increased risk of system failure caused by software. Thus, managing the risks inherent in software development and maintenance is becoming a highly visible and important field. The metrics effort within NASA's Mission Operations Directorate has helped managers and engineers better understand their processes and products. The toolkit helps ensure consistent data collection across projects and increases the number and types of analysis options available to project personnel. The decisions made on the basis of metrics analysis have helped project engineers make decisions about project and mission readiness by removing the inherent optimism of "engineering judgment". >
Ground and low-lying excited electronic states of [3,3'] bidiazirinylidene (C2N4).

The second-order generalized Van Vleck perturbation theory (GVVPT2) variant of multireference perturbation theory was used to investigate the ground and low-lying excited electronic states of [3,3′...
Surgical resident involvement is safe for common elective general surgery procedures.

Background Outcomes of surgical resident training are under scrutiny with the changing milieu of surgical education. Few have investigated the effect of surgical resident involvement (SRI) on operative parameters. Examining 7 common general surgery procedures, we evaluated the effect of SRI on perioperative morbidity and mortality and operative time (OpT). Study Design The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005 to 2007) was used to identify 7 cases of nonemergent operations. Cases with simultaneous procedures were excluded. Logistic regression was performed across all procedures and within each procedure incorporating SRI, OpT, and risk-stratifying American College of Surgery National Surgical Quality Improvement Program morbidity and mortality probability scores, which incorporate multiple prognostic individual patient factors. Procedure-specific, SRI-stratified OpTs were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results A total of 71.3% of the 37,907 cases had SRI. Absolute 30-day morbidity for all cases with SRI and without SRI were 3.0% and 1.0%, respectively (p Conclusions SRI has a measurable impact on both 30-day morbidity and mortality and OpT. These data have implications to the impact associated with surgical graduate medical education. Further studies to identify causes of patient morbidity and prevention strategies in surgical teaching environments are warranted.
The reactive arthritis of giardiasis. A case report.

THERE has been little emphasis in the literature on the articular manifestations of parasitism, despite the recognition of an arthritis associated with multiple parasitic infestations. Described herein, with a review of the literature, is a patient with polyarthritis as the presenting feature of giardiasis. Report of a Case Five days before admission to the hospital, a 39-year-old physician, previously in excellent health, awoke with right metatarsophalangeal joint pain, swelling, and erythema. Over the next 12 hours, the right ankle became similarly inflamed. The next day, she developed severe watery diarrhea and a nonpruritic, macular, erythematous rash over the trunk and proximal extremities; she noted unusual fatigability and lassitude. Joint symptoms persisted, despite salicylate therapy. The day before admission, she was seen at another hospital; her laboratory examination disclosed multiple normal joint roentgenograms and a leukocytosis (leukocyte count, 12×10 9 /L [12×10 3 /mm 3 ] with 0.40 [40%] lymphocytes). A viral
Ã 2Π←X̃ 2Σ+ infrared electronic transition of C2H

Five bands of the A 2Π←X 2Σ+ lowest electronic transition of C2H have been observed in the region 3600–4200 cm−1 in an argon discharge over polyacetylene using color center laser spectroscopy with magnetic rotation sensitivity enhancement. The band origins are approximately 3692, 3773, 3785, 4011, and 4106 cm−1. Rotational assignments and preliminary fittings of all five bands have been made. Four of the bands have a 2Σ+ lower vibronic state which is undoubtedly the ground vibronic state of the molecule, and different 2Π upper vibronic states which correspond to mixtures of the lowest vibronic state of the A electronic state and three different vibrationally excited levels of the X electronic state with an odd number of quanta in the bending mode and overall 2Π symmetry. These three ground state vibrational levels have been tentatively assigned as (1,1,0), (0,1,2), and (0,5,1). The four 2Π vibronic levels are mixed by vibronic coupling between the X and A electronic states thereby providing electron...