cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fractal Base Antennas Effects on Wi-Fi Harvesting Technologies

The world is moving towards wireless technologies. Wireless charging is common these days. However, the existing system requires contact between the charging point and the equipment to be charged. True wireless and contactless charging are still under research. In this paper, the aim is to devise a method of charging low powered devices using energy harvested from RF signals given by Wi-Fi routers. Specifically, to show how a fractal-based antenna performs compared to a regular 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi energy harvester. The method of harvesting used here involves a hybrid rectification circuit that boosts the output voltage. For the circuit design, the proposal comprises of a bridgeless converter and a diode bridge. The data is collected using the newly devised method of two fractal-based monopole antennas and two others with varied capacitance. The same test was repeated with another antenna as well as by putting the router at a distance from the antenna and observing the performance of the charging. The third test was performed by placing two routers together at different positions and orientations to check the results with two fractal antennae designs. The first capacitive load used was 4.7uF, which charged to 2.46V in 6 minutes with a 3D Fractal tree antenna. The second capacitor used had a capacitance of 1000uF, and this capacitor took approximately 37 hours to charge to 1.9V with the same antenna.
Ultrasound detects synovitis in replaced and other surgically operated joints in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Joint replacements continue to occur during a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient’s lifetime despite significant advances in available treatment options. The purpose of this study was to examine and quantify synovitis in surgically operated joints by ultrasound (US) in RA patients starting a new therapeutic agent. RA subjects were enrolled in either tocilizumab or tofacitinib open-label, investigator-initiated trials and were assessed by ultrasound. In a subset of RA patients with joint replacements and/or operations of joint areas (OJA; e.g. joint arthroscopies, fusions, and synovectomies), joint-level scores of synovitis were compared between replaced joints, OJAs, and native joints. Joint-level synovitis was measured by grayscale (GSUS (0–3)) and power Doppler (PDUS (0–3)) at baseline and follow-up (3–6 months). McNemar’s test or Wilcoxon signed rank test utilized the mixed effects ordinal logistic regression models. Twenty RA patients had a total of 25 replaced joints and 24 OJA. All replaced joints had GSUS> 1 and 92% had PDUS> 1 at baseline, while OJA and native joints had lower evidence of GSUS> 1 (37.5, 38% respectively) and PDUS> 1 (45.8, 62% respectively). GSUS and PDUS semiquantitative scores improved significantly with treatment in replaced joints (p = 0.01, p = 0.007), and native joints (p < 0.001 both), but not OJA. In RA, joint replacement does not eliminate or prevent ultrasound measured synovitis, where all replaced joints have some evidence of US synovitis. US can also act as a potential marker of response to therapy in replaced joints. Scoring US synovitis in replaced joints should be considered in ultrasound RA clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01717859 (registered 10/31/2012); ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02321930 (registered 12/22/2014).
Exploring the Intersections of Arts and Medicine Through the Painters’ Lens

The relationship between arts and medicine is acknowledged and expressed in multiple ways. While some programs and initiatives focus upon applying arts-based methodologies and skills to medical practice and education, other initiatives focus upon heightening the social and emotional awareness of medical and health professionals through exposure to the arts, and still others aim to place trained artists in healthcare environments to support a patient’s overall healthcare experience. Art therapy programs are yet another crossover, where trained therapists utilize arts-based experiences to attain specific therapeutic goals. Of specific relevance to this chapter is performing arts medicine, another distinct combination of arts and medicine, which aims to understand and address the healthcare needs of performing artists. The health conditions of visual and performing artists are customarily expressed, examined, and explained through a medical lens, producing one type of perspective. Instead, this chapter illuminates another dimension of arts and medicine intersections by highlighting the unique portrayal of visual and performing artists, with and without medical conditions, through the lens of a painter. This exploration is limited to a selective sampling of paintings, classical and modern, and inclusive of primarily Western artists. A predominant focus is upon European artists.
Checking out: 2018 congressional retirements and resignations in historical perspective

In recent decades retirements/resignations have been a larger contributor to change in the composition of both chambers of Congress than have electoral defeats of incumbents. In this chapter, we consider the impact of retirements (and other forms of non-electoral exits) on the 2018 congressional midterms. Using multivariate models, we examine what factors correlate significantly with retirement decisions, test for a partisan differential in retirement rates (which previous work has found in the House but not the Senate), and compare the rates at which the parties are capable of replacing retirees with co-partisans. Our analysis allows the consideration on the on-going importance of members’ career decisions for the composition of and the partisan balance of power in the US Congress. These career decisions could have substantial implications for the future of the Trump administration and the president’s policy agenda.
Statistical screening of the B-cell epitopes for the nucleoprotein of human H5N1 virus predicted by computerization

Objective To predict and screen the B-cell epitopes on nucleoprotein(NP)of human avian H5N1 virus strain.Methods As NP nucleotide sequences of strain A/GD/01/06(H5N1)were sequenced,B-cell epitopes were predicted by the analysis of the flexible regions of secondary structure for NPprotein and by screening on B-cell epitopes for NP protein with methods of Hydrophilicity Plot by KyteDoolittle,Surface Probability Plot by Emini,and Antigenic Index by Jameson-Wolf.Then a screening method was established by Hierarchical cluster,Bivariate correlate and Quartiles in SPSS13.0.and the variation of amino acids in NP protein was appraised in epitope prediction.Resuits The computer-predicted most possible epitopes for NP protein were located within or nearby its N-terminal 317-326,452-457,467-473,367-370,491-498,375-378,171-177,48-53,245-250.76-104 and so on.NP protein in A/GD/01/06(H5N1)increased a glycoprotein domain(NES368-370)by the substitution of N370S and changed the bio-features.Conclusion Stepwise prediction of the B-cell epitopes for the NP protein based on multiple parameters is helpful for the molecular-immunology and drug-screening,and the substitution of N370 S in NP of A/GD/01/06(H5N1)varied its antigenicity but didn't change the epitope size(SNEN367-370). Key words: H5N1 virus; Nucleoprotein; B-cell epitope; Prediction; Screening
Barriers of growth analysis for Electric Vehicles by non-linear polarized scale method

It is important to understand the top barriers for the growth of electric vehicles so that effective government policies can be developed to address them. This paper performs public opinion analysis on top barriers of growth for electric vehicles using Twitter data. A novel method, non-linear polarized scale method, is proposed to calculate a single overall opinion score for a topic and various barriers of growth are analyzed using this methodology. The top barriers are ranked, and the results are compared with other surveys to validate the proposed methodology.
The application of CRISPR/Cas9 in hairy roots to explore the functions of AhNFR1 and AhNFR5 genes during peanut nodulation

Peanut is an important legume crop growing worldwide. With the published allotetraploid genomes, further functional studies of the genes in peanut are very critical for crop improvement. CRISPR/Cas9 system is emerging as a robust tool for gene functional study and crop improvement, which haven’t been extensively utilized in peanut yet. Peanut plant forms root nodules to fix nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia. In model legumes, the response of plants to rhizobia is initiated by Nod factor receptors (NFRs). However, information about the function of NFRs in peanut is still limited. In this study, we applied the CRISPR/Cas9 tool in peanut hairy root transformation system to explore the function of NFR genes. We firstly identified four AhNFR1 genes and two AhNFR5 genes in cultivated peanut (Tifrunner). The gene expression analysis showed that the two AhNFR1 and two AhNFR5 genes had high expression levels in nodulating (Nod+) line E5 compared with non-nodulating (Nod-) line E4 during the process of nodule formation, suggesting their roles in peanut nodulation. To further explore their functions in peanut nodulation, we applied CRISPR technology to create knock-out mutants of AhNFR1 and AhNFR5 genes using hairy root transformation system. The sequencing of these genes in transgenic hairy roots showed that the selected AhNFR1 and AhNFR5 genes were successfully edited by the CRISPR system, demonstrating its efficacy for targeted mutation in allotetraploid peanut. The mutants with editing in the two AhNFR5 genes showed Nod- phenotype, whereas mutants with editing in the two selected AhNFR1 genes could still form nodules after rhizobia inoculation. This study showed that CRISPR-Cas9 could be used in peanut hairy root transformation system for peanut functional genomic studies, specifically on the gene function in roots. By using CRISPR-Cas9 targeting peanut AhNFR genes in hairy root transformation system, we validated the function of AhNFR5 genes in nodule formation in peanut.
Information Seeking Anxiety and Preferred Information Sources of First-Generation College Students

Objective – To determine whether information seeking anxieties and preferred information sources differ between first-generation college students and their continuing-generation peers.Methods – An online survey was disseminated at two public college campuses. A total of 490 respondents were included in the results. Independent variables included institution, year in college, and generational status. Instead of using a binary variable, this study used three groups for the independent variable of generational status, with two first-generation groups and one continuing-generation group based on parental experience with college. Dependent variables included 4 measures of information seeking anxiety and 22 measures of preferred information sources. Responses were analyzed using SPSS. One-way independent ANOVA tests were used to compare groups by generational status, and two- and three-way factorial ANOVA tests were conducted to explore interaction effects of generational status with institution and year in college.Results – No significant differences in overall information seeking anxiety were found between students whose parents had differing levels of experience with college. However, when exploring the specific variable of experiencing anxiety about “navigating the system in college,” a two-way interaction involving generational status and year in school was found, with first-generation students with the least direct experience with college reporting higher levels of anxiety at different years in college than their peers. Two categories of first-generation students were found to consult with their parents far less than continuing-generation peers. The study also found that institutional or generational differences may also influence whether students ask for information from their peers, librarians, tutoring centers, professors, or advisors.Conclusion – This study is one of the first to directly compare the information seeking preferences and anxieties of first-generation and continuing-generation students using a non-binary approach. While previous research suggests that first-generation students experience heightened anxiety about information seeking, this study found no significant overall differences between students based on their generational status. The study reinforced previous research about first-generation college students relying less on their parents than their continuing-generation peers. However, this study complicates previous research about first-generation students and their utilization of peers, librarians, tutoring centers, professors, or advisors as information sources, and suggests that institutional context plays an important role in shaping first-generation information seeking.
General theory and observation of Cherenkov radiation induced by multimode solitons

Advancements in computational capabilities along with the possibility of accessing high power levels have stimulated a reconsideration of multimode fibers. Multimode fibers are nowadays intensely pursued in terms of addressing longstanding issues related to information bandwidth and implementing new classes of high-power laser sources. In addition, the multifaceted nature of this platform, arising from the complexity associated with hundreds and thousands of interacting modes, has provided a fertile ground for observing novel physical effects. However, this same complexity has introduced a formidable challenge in understanding these newly emerging physical phenomena. Here, we provide a comprehensive theory capable of explaining the distinct Cherenkov radiation lines produced during multimode soliton fission events taking place in nonlinear multimode optical fibers. Our analysis reveals that this broadband dispersive wave emission is a direct byproduct of the nonlinear merging of the constituent modes comprising the resulting multimode soliton entities, and is possible in both the normal and anomalous dispersive regions. These theoretical predictions are experimentally and numerically corroborated in both parabolic and step-index multimode silica waveguides. Effects arising from different soliton modal compositions can also be accounted for, using this model. At a more fundamental level, our results are expected to further facilitate our understanding of the underlying physics associated with these complex “many-body” nonlinear processes. The multifaceted nature of nonlinear multimode optical fibers has provided a fertile ground for observing novel physical effects otherwise impossible in single-mode setting. The authors present a theoretical and experimental study, providing a comprehensive theory capable of explaining the distinct nature of wideband Cherenkov radiation produced during multimode soliton fission events.
Lost & Forgotten: An Index of the Famous Works Which Sociology Has Left Behind

The bibliography of this paper is provably the most unspeakable, out of fashion, no longer necessary or relevant set of references ever published in a sociology journal. They are not the least cited, but the most forgotten. These books and articles were at one point quite famous among publishing sociologists but have since suffered near-complete extinction. The explanations of these famous works’ unlikely demise reflect the mechanisms and history of the maintenance and change of the discipline, such as obliteration by incorporation, topical and epistemological shifts in the field, founder-selection, the effects of reputation entrepreneurship, and the shifting of what is intellectually unspeakable. I give this index of the forgotten some face-validity by reviewing exegetical work on “forgotten” sociologists and by conducting qualitative analysis (autopsies) of the biggest falls in conversation with the history of sociology and the sociology of science. Finally, I provide an online tool for further investigation into events in sociology’s citation history.
The structure of a C-type lectin isolated from bovine cartilage

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the structure of a C-type lectin isolated from bovine cartilage. C-type lectins are a class of mammalian, calcium-dependent, carbohydrate-binding proteins that have a broad distribution. The chapter reports the structure of a mammalian cartilage equivalent of the shark cartilage lectin-like protein. It is found in both articular cartilage and spinal nucleus pulposus. The cartilage lectins, both shark and bovine, are distinct from but related to tetranectin. A striking feature of the tetranectin family is that, these proteins are not a part of larger precursors and form free proteins; they resemble the mannose-binding proteins. The chapter outlines the methods used for isolation of proteins from cartilage. The crystal structure of the carbohydrate-recognition domain of the rat mannose-binding protein A forms a basis for structural analysis of other members of this family of calcium-binding lectins.
Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among People With High-Risk Conditions in the U.S.

Introduction During annual influenza epidemics, rates of serious illness and death are higher among those who have medical conditions, such as pulmonary disease, diabetes, or heart disease, which place them at increased risk of influenza complications. Annual influenza vaccination was recommended for people with high-risk conditions as early as 1960. Methods Data from the 2012–2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed in 2014 to estimate national and state-specific influenza vaccination coverage among people aged 18–64 years with high-risk conditions. Prevalence ratios adjusted for demographic and access-to-care characteristics were calculated using logistic regression and predictive marginal models. Results Unadjusted influenza vaccination coverage was 45.4% among adults aged 18–64 years with at least one high-risk condition, compared with 32.9% among those with no high-risk conditions ( p Conclusions Despite ongoing influenza vaccination recommendations for adults with high-risk conditions, coverage was below the Healthy People 2020 target; only about half were vaccinated. Primary care providers and subspecialists should ensure routine assessment of vaccination status every fall and winter and recommend vaccination to people with high-risk conditions.
Using marked Lygus hesperus (Knight) (Hemiptera: Miridae) adults to evaluate sweep net sampling in cotton.

The recently elevated pest status of Lygus spp. across much of the U.S. cottonbelt has accentuated the need for improved understanding of commonly used sampling methods. A mark-release-recapture method was developed for use in sampling studies of adults of the western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus (Knight), in Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.). Adult bugs were marked with fingernail polish to facilitate their identification and prevent flight. Marked bugs released in sample rows at known population densities were then sampled with the standard 38-cm sweep net. Recovery of marked bugs from 1-m row sections suggested a large proportion (> 85%) of released bugs remained in sample rows. Based on two sets of pooled regressions relating numbers of collected adult bugs to expected numbers (assuming 100% collection efficiency), estimated collection efficiencies of the sweep net changed with cotton crop development from approximately 21.4% in smaller, less developed plants (plant heights 52 cm). Increasing the sample unit size from 10 to 20 sweeps improved fit of regression models for both sets of samples, but fit of the model corresponding to less developed plants was still better than for more developed plants. These results illustrate the utility of the mark-releaserecapture approach for sampling studies of adult lygus in cotton, and suggest opportunities for its use in quantifying the influence of factors such as time of day, plant development, and variation among samplers on population indices provided by the sweep net in cotton.
Reflux in Infants with Laryngomalacia: Results of 24-Hour Double-Probe pH Monitoring:

Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of stridor in children. Previous studies using barium esophagrams or single-probe esophageal pH testing have indicated that 68% to 80% of infants with laryngomalacia have reflux. A recent study in a large series of pediatric patients has shown that these 2 testing modalities are relatively insensitive in detecting reflux when compared with 24-hour double-probe pH testing. This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and frequency of reflux in children with laryngomalacia by use of 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring. Twenty-four children with endoscopically diagnosed laryngomalacia underwent 24-hour double-probe pH testing. The distal probe was placed in the lower esophagus, and the proximal probe was placed just above the cricopharyngeus immediately posterior to the larynx. All 24 (100%) children had pharyngeal acid exposure as judged by the proximal pH probe. These children had a mean of 15.21 episodes of reflux to the level of the pharynx during the 24-hour study period. In contrast, only 16 (66%) children had abnormal acid exposure as measured by the distal esophageal probe. These results indicate that essentially all children with laryngomalacia have reflux of gastric acid to the pharyngeal level. Multiple authors have documented the detrimental effects of acid and the accompanying pepsin in the larynx and tracheobronchial tree. Persistent laryngeal edema is an almost universal finding in patients with reflux to the pharyngeal level and is a common finding in children with laryngomalacia. In some patients with laryngomalacia, reflux may be the primary cause of their airway compromise, whereas in others it may be a significant cofactor exacerbating a preexisting neurologic or anatomic abnormality.
Performance analysis of frequency domain delay and multiply receivers for spread spectrum modulated signals

Prefilter delay and multiply (PFDM) devices have been shown to be useful in clock recovery and signal detection. This is of particular interest in spread spectrum modulated signals of unknown chip rate whose presence must be detected. The PFDM receiver is well suited to this task. The overall performance and utility of the FDDM receiver (the PFDM frequency domain counterpart) is compared and contrasted with known (or simulated) performance results associated with PFDM devices. >
The effect of menses and use of catamenial products on cervical carriage of Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract Cervical specimens for culturing for Staphylococcus aureus were obtained during menstruation and at midcycle from 40 users of tampons and twelve users of pads. Nine women (two users of pads and seven users of tampons) were colonized by S. aureus . Colonization rates of the cervix were similar for users of tampons and users of pads (18% and 17%, respectively). S. aureus was isolated more frequently during menstruation (17%) than at midcycle (5.8%). Six women had positive menstrual cultures without a positive midcycle culture, whereas no women had positive midcycle cultures and negative menstrual cultures. These observations indicate a significant (p
Line-driven ablation by external irradiation

The Sobolev approximation for supersonic flows creates an effective opacity distribution that is nonisotropic, because the line-of-sight velocity gradient is different in different directions. To better understand the importance of this phenomenon in a simplified geometry, we consider line-driven flows in the plane-parallel zero-sound-speed limit, and solve for the wind driven by radiation with an arbitrary angular distribution. One conclusion, surprising at first glance, is that the acceleration component normal to the surface is independent of both the strength and angular profile of the driving radiation field. The flow tilt and overall mass-loss rate do depend on the character of the radiation field. Also interesting is that mass loss through a surface may be generated or enhanced by irradiation that originates above the surface.
Approaching real-world navigation using object recognition network

Typical navigation systems do not use object recognition as part of their autonomous driving systems. People often use hand-crafted features (e.g. lanes, traffic lights, intersections) based on programmers' knowledge about the environment. Those agents are usually brittle during real-world tests. However, landmarks, as a type of object, need to be recognized for an autonomous navigation system to generalize its learned training data to other unfamiliar environments. In this work we utilize the Developmental Network (DN), which has been tested extensively with object recognition tasks, for a mobile agent and train it to self-navigate in controlled indoor environment. The proposed system uses Lobe Component Analysis (LCA) to learn features from both stereo cameras and desired navigation actions. Neurons attend to different areas of the input image. They compete for firing according to the goodness of matching result. This enables the agent to attend to image local patches as landmarks without explicitly defining objects. Our analysis shows that attention can be corrected by direct supervision and by indirect reinforcement provided by the teacher. We anticipate our work in this paper to be a starting point of research efforts that shift expensive range-scanner-based methods to inexpensive camera-based methods that, although using richer information, face challenges of object appearance variations.
Cirugía robótica en urología pediátrica; estatus actual y perspectivas futuras

During the last years, laparoscopic surgery has shown safety and efficacy in the treatment of different pediatric urologic problems. With the rapid development of new surgical options in the minimally invasive field, robotic surgery has emerged as a solid alternative, with good outcomes. The principal objective of this article is to review the current literature on the current status of robotic surgery in pediatric urology and future perspectives.
Molindone compared to haloperidol in a guinea-pig model of tardive dyskinesia.

Abstract Molindone was compared with haloperidol in animal models of tardive dyskinesia. Treatment with molindone for 14 days at 3, 6, 20 and 40 mg/kg, enhanced the stereotyped behavioral response induced by apomorphine and increased the number of D-2 dopamine receptors in the striatum (Bmax) labelled by high affinity (Kd = 40 pmol) binding or [3H]spiroperidol in the guinea-pig. Molindone at 1 mg/kg, caused no behavioral supersensitivity or change in the binding of dopamine receptors. Chronic administration of haloperidol (0.1, 0.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) also increased both the behavioral response to apomorphine and the number of dopamine receptors. Haloperidol, at 0.02 and 0.004 mg/kg, had no effect. Molindone potentiated dopaminergic activity in animal models in a similar way to other neuroleptics, suggesting that its use may also result in tardive dyskinesia.
Predicting/Preventing Child Abuse: Value of Utility Maximizing Cutting Scores

Any standardized method for identifying cases of likely child abuse requires specification of a cutting score (or scores) on a predictor variable. In this paper, we describe two criteria for determining cutting scores--utility maximizing (UtilMax) and error minimizing (ErrMin)--and we demonstrate that UtilMax is often the superior, and never the inferior, criterion. Two types of ErrMin cutting scores, true and artificial, are distinguishable based on whether realistic or artificial base rates are used to find the cutting score. Since studies often compute artificial ErrMin cutting scores, these scores must be modified to produce true ErrMin cutting scores. UtilMax cutting scores are explained and a numerical example is presented to show that maximizing utility is the preferable criterion in that it optimizes the balance between the costs of incorrect decisions and the benefits of correct decisions. The example also illustrates how UtilMax cutting scores help one to decide whether attempting to predict abuse would be worthwhile or not. Language: en
Complex flow patterns through Hydrate Ridge and their impact on seep biota

Our recent measurements of long-term fluid flux rates and output fluid chemistry at seep sites on Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia, suggest that the mechanisms driving fluid flow in gas hydrate bearing forearc settings may be significantly more complex than previously thought. Temporal changes in the polarity and magnitude of flow and in seep fluid chemistry were observed. The nature of flow appears to generate a strong response in the chemosynthetic seep community ecology. We document here: 1) the frequency and range of temporal variability in flow rates, 2) the relatively rapid changes in outflow composition, 3) strong outflow of seawater-like fluids, 4) the association of Calyptogena (sp) clams with oscillatory and inflow settings, and 5) microbial mat communities associated with strong advection of altered fluids. These results suggest that a reappraisal may be required of the nature of the hydrologic system and its effect on related processes such as benthic seep community ecology and biogeochemical cycles.
Correlation between the n,π* triplet energy of some acetophenones and the corresponding electroreduction potentials

Abstract The half-wave reduction potentials, E 1 2 's, of ten acetophenone derivatives have been determined in acetonitrile. A linear free-energy relationship was obtained between E 1 2 and the n,π* triplet energy. This correlation enabled an estimate to be made of the n,π* triplet energy of those acetophenones with π,π* lowest triplet.
Dietary Sugar and Artificial Sweetener Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

Sugar consumption, especially in the form of fructose, has been hypothesized to cause kidney disease. This review provides an overview of the epidemiologic evidence that sugar consumption increases CKD risk. Research supports a causal role of sugar in several kidney disease risk factors, including increasing serum uric acid levels, diabetes, and obesity. Sugar may also harm the kidney via other mechanisms. There is no evidence that sucrose is any safer for the kidney than high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) because both are similar in composition. To date, 5 epidemiologic studies have directly evaluated the relationship between sugar consumption (in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages) and CKD. Although most studies suggest that the risk of CKD is elevated among consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages, only 2 studies report statistically significant associations. Three studies have also examined diet soda consumption, with two reporting positive and significant associations. Confounding by unmeasured lifestyle factors may play a role in the positive results whereas poor measurement of sugar and artificial sweetener intake could explain null results. Nevertheless, the hypothesis that sugar causes kidney disease remains plausible, and alternative research designs may be needed.
Unattended optimisation of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic separations using the modified simplex algorithm

Abstract It is shown that the modified sequential simplex algorithm can be used as the basis for the unattended optimisation of reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separations. A chromatographic response function is computed to evaluate individual chromatograms with respect to resolution and analysis time. This function is used automatically by a microprocessor-controlled chromatograph to optimise experimental parameters. The use of the procedure is illustrated by the automated optimisation of two and three component mobile phases and the optimisation of a gradient elution profile.
Students of Color Helping Others: Stay in College: A Grassroots Effort:

College students have a long and rich tradition of working on the front lines to effect change. Activist students of color have turned their attention to other students in need of personal, communal, and academic support. New research chronicles this powerful approach.
Peripheral site ligands accelerate inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by neutral organophosphates.

The rates of inhibition of mouse acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) by paraoxon, haloxon, DDVP and enantiomers of neutral alkyl methylphosphonyl thioates and cationic alkyl methylphosphonyl thiocholines were measured in the presence and absence of AChE peripheral site inhibitors: gallamine, d-tubocurarine, propidium, atropine and derivatives of coumarin. All ligands, except the coumarins, at submillimolar concentrations enhanced the rates of inhibition by neutral organophosphates, whereas inhibition rates by cationic organophosphates were decreased. When peripheral site ligand concentrations extended to millimolar concentrations the extent of the enhancement decreased, creating a well-shaped activation profile. Analysis of inhibition by DDVP revealed that peripheral site inhibitors increase the second-order reaction rates by increasing maximal rates of phosphorylation. These observations suggest that peripheral site ligands are capable of allosterically affecting the conformation of residues in the choline binding site of AChE, thus optimizing the position of the leaving group of uncharged organophosphates during the inhibition reaction.
The Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula

1. The classical findings of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae are described. 2. The hereditary nature of the disease is emphasized. 3. The importance of the lesion in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary roentgen opacities is discussed and supplementary fluoroscopic and angiocardiographic studies are suggested. 4. In patients presenting with unexplained bleeding, cutaneous telangiectasia, or central nervous system complaints, the possibility of a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula should be considered. 5. The therapy of choice is surgical excision of the lesion, especially when the physiologic defect is severe.
Socialization and Career Orientation Among Black and White College Women.

Abstract In a study of career orientation among black and white college women, support was found for hypotheses derived from postulates of Rotter's Social Learning Theory. Compared to whites, (1) blacks were less likely to expect the level of work involvement preferred; (2) blacks expected more employment; and (3) blacks were more likely to prefer less employment than they realistically expected. Antecedents of career expectation were categorized as internal, external, or neutral. As hypothesized, variables expressive of external control predicted level of career expectation among blacks, whereas variables expressive of internal control predicted high career expectations among whites.
A consensus sequence in the N-terminus of exported proteins: resemblance with metal binding domains and implications in protein translocation across membranes.

Summary By analyzing and comparing the N-terminus of several exported proteins we identified two consensus sequences that resemble metal binding domains. The consensus sequences are part of the signal peptide and part of the adjacent sequences of the mature protein. Three-dimensional modelling of one such domain suggests a conformation with implication in signal peptide insertion.
Using Process Tailoring to Manage Software Development Challenges

To ensure high-quality software processes and leverage best practices, project managers strive to tailor standard processes such as the rational unified process or those developed within their own organizations. Software process tailoring is the activity of tuning a process to meet the needs of a specific project. Despite the critical role that tailoring software processes plays in ensuring project success, few guidelines on it are available for practitioners. The authors conducted an empirical study in two organizations and developed a framework to guide process tailoring.
Classical trajectory study of rotational excitation in low energy HeCO and HeH2 collisions

Abstract Classical trajectory calculations for the rotational excitation of CO and H 2 by collision with He have been carried out and compared to the accurate quantum mechanical calculations of other workers. The agreement is reasonably encouranging, although some inherent limitations of this strictly classical approach are observed and discussed.
676: Determinants of alloimmunization to different red cell antigens

TITA, JOSEPH BIGGIO, VICTORIA CHAPMAN, CHERRY NEELY, JOHN OWEN, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Birmingham, Alabama OBJECTIVE: We quantified the relationship between maternal characteristics and the prevalence of alloimmunization to different red blood cell (rbc) antigens. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using prospectively collected data in our obstetric database for women receiving prenatal care and giving birth ( 20 weeks gestation) from 1991-2006. Prevalence of allo-immunization to Rh-D, Kell, and any important rbc antigen, as well as attainment of our institutional critical titer of 1:16 (1:8 for Kell) were compared by potential determinants of allo-immunization. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for confounding and correlation between pregnancies or births from the same woman was used. RESULTS: Of 59,346 gravidas, 177 pregnancies were sensitized to at least one clinically important rbc antigen, and 85 (48%) attained a critical titer. Factors consistently associated with allo-immunization types are presented (Table). Black race was protective for allo-immunization to D or any antigen as well as for attaining a critical titer. In the presence of sensitization to Kell or any antigen, a prior history of blood transfusion is more likely. History of drug abuse was not a significant determinant of any type of allo-immunization.
Idiotypic receptors for soluble antigens on human T lymphocyte clones.

Abstract T lymphoblasts sensitized in vitro to tetanus toxoid (TT) in 6 day cultures, acquire the capacity of stimulating the blastogenic response of “resting” antologous T lymphocytes in primary AMLC reactions. The response of lymphocytes primed against autologous-TT-sensitized-lymphoblasts (ATTSL) seems to be specific for idiotypic receptors for TT, expressed by ATTSL. Evidence to this effect derive from restimulation experiments in which anti-ATTSL primed lymphocytes (PL) were shown to display memory responses only when challenged with ATTSL and not when exposed to the antigen alone, or to antologous lymphoblasts that had been sensitized to other antigens. Memory responses were induced, however, by allogeneic lymphoblasts primed to TT, even when the latter shared no HLA-DR antigen with the responding anti-ATTSL-PL. This indicated that the recognition of idiotypic receptors for TT is not DR-restricted. By generating T cell clones reacting to PPD and anti-idiotypic T cell clones which respond to anti-PPD sensitized blasts, we have been able to analyze the idiotype-anti-idiotype T cell interreaction at the clonal level. We found that anti-idiotypic T cell clones discriminate between determinants expressed by various autologous anti-PPD clones. Certain idiotypic determinants seem to prevail, however,as they were recognized in concert by the same cluster of anti-idiotypic clones.
APPLICATION OF NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS IN A FISSION MOLYBDENUM SEPARATION STUDY

The separation of99Mo from low-enriched uranium (LEU, 19.5%235U) targets was evaluated using natural uranium (NU) and non-radioactive tracers. Neutron activation analysis was used to determine (1) the efficiency of molybdenum recovery and (2) the decontamination factor of numerous fission product elements from the molybdenum product. Using NU and non-radioactive elements simplified procedures and allowed tests to be completed in a fume hood instead of a shielded cell. During activation of the non-radioactive tracers, uranium fission occurs, which can interfere with subsequent gamma-ray analysis. A comparison was made of the interferences caused by these fission products from both NU and LEU.
Gas Turbine Liquid Fuel Treatment and Analysis

A discussion of the gas turbine and its liquid fuel burning experience leads into present concepts and practices. A description is given of the fuel treatment equipment including fuel washing, vanadium inhibition, fuel analysis and system automation. Fuel washing by centrifugal means as well as electrostatic techniques are presented. The effect of fuel parameters on system size, cost and performance is evaluated. A summary of the experience gained shows that fuel treatment has indeed become a practical procedure.
Reevaluating Spending in Gubernatorial Races: Job Approval as a Baseline for Spending Effects:

Research on campaign spending has tried to resolve the issue of differential effects for incumbent and challenger spending. This analysis offers two new perspectives to the spending effects literat...
Gβγ Transduces [Ca2+]i Oscillations and Gαq a Sustained Response during Stimulation of Pancreatic Acinar Cells with [Ca2+]i-mobilizing Agonists

Abstract A central unresolved question in agonist-evoked [Ca2+]i signaling is the pathway by which [Ca2+]i oscillations and a sustained response are transduced. We show here that activation of Gβγ signal [Ca2+]i oscillations and activation of Gαq signal a sustained response during stimulation by a number of Ca2+-mobilizing agonists. Thus, infusion of purified Gβγ into pancreatic acinar cells through a patch pipette evokes [Ca2+]i oscillations by Ca2+ release from internal stores, which were inhibited by two independent scavengers of Gβγ, the β-adrenergic receptor kinase fragment, and a mutated Gαi1G203A. These proteins, as well as an inhibitory antibody against Gαq/11, prevent [Ca2+]i oscillations and the sustained response when applied before cell stimulation, possibly by preventing the dissociation of Gq into its subunits. After cell stimulation and dissociation of Gq into Gβγ and Gαq, scavenging Gβγ stabilized the sustained response and inhibited reassociation of the subunits on termination of cell stimulation with antagonist, whereas scavenging Gαq inhibited the sustained response and uncovered the Gβγ-dependent oscillations. These findings provide a general mechanism by which Ca2+-mobilizing agonists can control the type of [Ca2+]i signal to be transduced to the cell interior.
Simulation of partially and near fully depleted SOI MOSFET devices and circuits using SPICE compatible physical subcircuit model

Abstract A four-terminal physical subcircuit model for floating body (FB) partially depleted (PD) and near fully depleted ( near FD) SOI CMOS devices is presented. The model accounts for the unique characteristics of PD devices associated with the drain ( V ds ) induced floating body effects. Unlike other models, the proposed circuit model accounts physically for the back MOSFET device, and accurately predicts the bias dependence of the current kink in near FD devices. It allows for proper capacitance scaling and more accurate simulations related to the front and back oxides/channels. Self-heating effects related to the low thermal conductivity of the back oxide are also included. The circuit model is SPICE compatible and provides insights for understanding optimal device design needs for high performance. A simple technique for extracting the model parameters is described. The model is verified by the good agreement of the simulation results with the experimental data. The predictive capabilities of the subcircuit model are supported by circuit level simulation examples.
Attitude patterns as providing validity evidence of "What Kind of Person Are You".

The construction and preliminary characteristics of What Kind of Person Are You (51, a 50-item forced-choice creativity checklist based upon the rationale that creativity is reflected in Ss' personality characteristics, thinking strategies, and products were reported ( 5 ) . Other investigations employing Runner Studies of Artitude Patterns, Interview Form I11 (2), generally have shown that highly creative Ss are experimentally and intuitively oriented; college adults exhibit a stronger orientation for power-drive which is congruent with their need for achievement (1, 4, 5). This study reports further validity for What Kind of Person Are You using the Runner scale as criterion. The Runner scale, a personality inventory consisting of 118 forced-choice and 15 open-ended questions, is designed to elicit information which on the basis of factor analyses fall into 12 scales, namely, Experimental Orientation, Intuitive Orientation, Rules and Tradition, Practical Planfulness, Power Drive, Passive Compliance, Social Extravertness, Hostility and Blame, Resistance to Social Pressure, Social Anxiety, Pleasure in Tool Interests, and Performance Anxiecy. Only the forced-choice portions of the inventory were administered to the 150 college students. Ss were divided into three equal groups (A's = SO), namely, High Creatives (48 to 30), Moderate Creatives (29 to 21), and Low Creatives (20 to 12) as differentiated by What Kind of Person Are You for the purpose of testing the significance of mean differences in their responses on each of the 12 critical scales on the Runner scale by single-classification analysis of variance. Wherever significant differences between means were found, Scheffk's (3) test was applied. Scores were number of positive responses out of 50. The results of the analysis of variance showed highly and moderately creatives to
Insulin Resistance: A Common Factor in the Triad of Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, and Coronary Artery Disease?

In addition to the goal of controlling elevated blood pressure in patients with hypertension improving Dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance may be an important element in preventing coronary artery disease. Antihypertensive treatment may differ based on the pathophysiology present. It appears that the evidence that supports the development of lipid abnormalities in patients who have insulin resistance is growing. In such patients the morbidity and mortality associated with coronary artery disease may be significantly decreased by selecting agents with favourable metabolic consequences.
A review of the literature about depression in late life among Hispanics in the United States.

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with devastating effects on the older Hispanic population. This review synthesizes the research on depression among older Hispanics in the United States to educate and provide direction for further research and practice. A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was conducted. Article titles, abstracts, and texts of articles were scanned for those that met the inclusion criteria for this review. Inclusion criteria included the following: research studies published between 2000 and 2012; studies published in the English language; studies about depression that included older Hispanics (50 years old and older) who resided in the United States; and studies about depression, acculturation, and other associated stressors that may contribute to depression in this population. The results of this review indicate that acculturation, associated stressors, health-related factors, and psychosocial factors may have a negative impact on older Hispanics’ men...
Monolithically integrated diplexer chip for PON applications

A novel, compact diplexer chip for PON applications has been demonstrated by monolithic integration of an etched facet 1310 nm horizontal cavity surface-emitting laser with a 1490 nm PIN detector. Optical characteristics, sensitivity, and isolation are reported.