cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2365: Checkpoint inhibitors and a multivalent melanoma vaccine as a novel combinatorial therapy

Over 1 million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed in the US every year, of which 75% deaths result due to melanoma, one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer, arising from melanocytes. We have isolated five patient derived melanoma cell lines (MEL-V, 3MM, GLM2, Mel2, KFM) and characterized the expression of various melanoma associated antigens (MAAs). The presence of a multitude repertoire of common MAAs (Gp100, MART-1, MAGE-A1, NY-ESO-1, Tyrosinase, TRP-1 (Gp75), TRP-2, Melanotransferrin, CD71, CD146) enabled us to use composite cell membrane preparations of these cells as a multivalent vaccine. To this end, we designed a vaccinia virus vaccine that was composed of membrane lysate preparations of the five primary cells and recombinant IL-2. When tested in a pilot study, delayed type hypersensitivity and a multivalent immune response were noted. In an effort to correlate genetic lesions with MAA expression we observed that in BRAF mutant melanoma cells, treatment with a BRAFv600E inhibitor, PLX4032, enhanced the expression of MAAs making the melanoma cells more visible to the vaccination driven immune response. We also observed that melanoma cells constitutively expressed CTLA-4 as determined by Immunofluorescence and Western Blots. This expression was found on the membranes as well as in the cytoplasm in comparatively high levels on wild type as well as the BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cell lines. Further our results suggest that CTLA-4 expression on melanoma cells promotes the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment enabling tumor evasion. Given that CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies such as Ipilimumab are approved for clinical treatment, this study opens up a new avenue into a plausible combinatorial therapy for our vaccinia virus based vaccine with Ipilimumab for BRAF mutant as well as wild type melanoma cells. Citation Format: Rachana R. Maniyar, Neha Tuli, Robert Suriano, Jan Geliebter, Marc Wallack, Raj K. Tiwari. Checkpoint inhibitors and a multivalent melanoma vaccine as a novel combinatorial therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2365.
X-Linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease in 93 Patients

The clinical, electrophysiological and genetic features of 93 patients (41 males, 52 females) from 37 unrelated families with X-linked dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMTX) disease are reported from the Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Virtual Discovery Network; A Distributed Data Structure for Adaptive Routing

Distributed resource discovery is a crucial problem of dynamic and mobile system task environment. Most existing discovery studies are designated for the fixed infrastructure networks. In practice, the majority of the solutions have adopted centralized design and implementation strategies to locate the pool of resources. In this research, a means of virtualized and adaptive resource discovery is presented as a key entity of the study with an analytical model and adaptive algorithms for attribute based range queries. The proposed method is evaluated and discussed analytically. In addition, a scalable resource discovery overlay network is advocated. The design and implementation of the proof of concept are deliberated.
Tapered lattice filters

A new single-mode, fiber-based lattice filter is described. Filtering is achieved by coupling and interfering the LP01 and LP02 modes at multiple sites. Gain flattening filters are fabricated using only three tapers.
The effect of soil-structure interaction on seismometer readings

abstract Rocking and vertical and horizontal translations of typical “free-field” seismometer installations lead to magnification of the ground motion record. This magnification can be significant for the higher frequency components if the terrain has a relatively low shear-wave velocity. Seismometers placed on foundations which cover a significant part of a wavelength of a horizontally incident wave, experience an attenuated ground motion. A method of correcting the seismograms for these effects is given. Compliance functions for a rigid sphere in a full elastic space are derived and are used to show that, in practical cases, down-hole seismometer installations are not significantly affected by interaction. These compliance functions should be useful in discussing the soil structure interaction of structures erected on bulbous piles. They may be also used as the basis of a method of determining elastic constants of ground at depth, in situ, and at different frequencies.
Does combat exposure affect well-being in later life? The VA Normative Aging Study.

OBJECTIVE Combat exposure can have long-term negative effects in later life; although aspects of service may be appraised positively, the long-term positive effects of combat on well-being in later life is largely unknown. METHOD The sample included 1,006 male veterans from the VA Normative Aging Study, surveyed by mail in 1986, 1990, and 1991 (Mage = 65.5 years, SD = 7.3). They reported on their combat exposure, desirable appraisals of military service, unit cohesion, dispositional optimism, self-rated health, and psychological well-being (PWB), as well as age, military rank, and education. Perceived positive aspects (PPA) of military service was postulated to mediate the effects of combat exposure on PWB. Structural equation modeling was used to examine both mediating and moderating effects. RESULTS Age, combat exposure, and optimism had independent effects on PPA, but optimism did not moderate the effect of combat exposure on PPA. Combat exposure had only indirect effects on PWB through PPA, controlling for the direct effects of optimism. Education had no direct effects on the positive outcomes but did have indirect effects through optimism. CONCLUSION Combat exposure contributes to positive well-being in later life, indirectly through positive appraisals, and this effect was independent of optimism. Thus, these results support the idea that combat veterans should be encouraged to focus on positive aspects of military service, which may serve as resilience resources to facilitate optimal aging. (PsycINFO Database Record
Erratum to: Heterogeneous climate effects on human migration in Indonesia

We examine the effect of anomalous temperatures, rainfall levels, and monsoon timing on migration outcomes in Indonesia. Using panel data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey and high-resolution climate data, we assess whether intra- and inter-province moves are used as a response to climatic shocks. We evaluate the relative importance of temperature, rainfall, and monsoon timing for migration. Temperature and monsoon timing have significant effects, and these do not operate in the direction commonly assumed. Estimated effects vary according to individuals’ gender, membership in a farm household, and location. We also analyze climate effects on sources of household income, which point to the multi-phasic nature of household responses. Results undermine narratives of a uniform global migratory response to climate change and highlight the heterogeneous use of migration as a response to such changes. By extending previous research on environmentally induced migration in Indonesia, we also highlight the sensitivity of estimates to alternative climate and migration measures.
Buckling of Double Layer Grid Edge Members

Stability equations are developed for edge joints for Double Layer Grids. Translations are neglected and rotations at each joint are related. Hence, the stiffness matrix reduces to a diagonal matri...
The Rabbit in the Hat: Nationalism and Resistance to Foreign Occupation

How does nationalism shape political action? Most IR literature posits a causal link between nationalism and resistance to military occupation. We question this nexus through a detailed study of a crucial case: the German occupation of France during World War II. In highly nationalistic France, resistance to the German occupation developed late, grew slowly, and was never a threat to German aims. French patriots voluntarily led Vichy France into collaboration with Germany despite opportunities to continue fighting in 1940 or defect from German orbit later. Collaboration with Germany was widely supported by French elites and passively accommodated by the mass of nationalistic Frenchmen. Nationalism can therefore explain neither why collaboration was the dominant French response, nor why a relatively small number of Frenchmen resisted. The Vichy regime and the French Resistance were equally nationalistic. Instead, we argue that French behavior is best explained by two other factors: the international balance of power and domestic political competition. Expecting a German victory in the war, French right-wing nationalists chose collaboration with the Nazis as a means to suppress and persecute the French Left. The French case requires a reexamination of the role of nationalism in the IR literature.by author.
The Harmonic Oscillator

In this chapter, we will begin the study of the most important exactly solvable physical system, the harmonic oscillator. Later chapters will discuss extensions of the methods developed here to the case of fermionic oscillators, as well as free quantum field theories, which are harmonic oscillator systems with an infinite number of degrees of freedom.
Residual anxiety may be associated with depressive relapse during continuation therapy of bipolar II depression.

Abstract Background Anxiety symptoms are common in bipolar disorder. We explored the effect of anxiety on the outcome of acute and continuation pharmacotherapy of bipolar II depression. Methods Data were derived from a randomized double-blind 12-week acute (N = 129) and 6-month continuation (N = 55) comparison of venlafaxine versus lithium monotherapy in bipolar II depression in adults. We distinguished between the items of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) that capture depression vs. anxiety (i.e., psychomotor agitation, psychic anxiety, somatic anxiety, hypochondriasis, and obsessive-compulsive concerns) and examined the effect of treatment on depression and anxiety. Additionally, we explored whether baseline anxiety or depression predicted changes over time in depression and anxiety ratings or moderated treatment outcomes. We also explored whether residual depressive and anxious symptoms predicted relapse during continuation therapy. Results Venlafaxine was superior to lithium in reducing both depression and anxiety, though its effects on anxiety were more modest than those on depression. Baseline anxiety predicted change over time in anxiety, but not depression. By contrast, baseline depression did not predict change over time in depression or anxiety. Residual anxiety, specifically uncontrollable worry, was a stronger predictor of relapse than residual depression. Conclusion Successful treatment of symptoms of anxiety in bipolar depression may protect against depressive relapse.
Average number of Zeckendorf integers

Abstract Text By Zeckendorf's theorem each positive integer is uniquely written as a sum of distinct non-adjacent terms of the Fibonacci sequence. This representability remains true for so called the Nth order Fibonacci sequence, and for a further generalization to linear recurrences with positive coefficients. In this paper we consider sequences { G n } that have the same linear recurrence relations as the Nth order Fibonacci sequence but has different initial values, and investigate the number of positive integers up to X that are written as a sum of distinct terms of G n . We also introduce a converse of Zeckendorf's theorem that does not require the increasing condition. Our method extends to general linear recurrences, and a generalization is introduced in this paper. Video For a video summary of this paper, please visit https://youtu.be/vSwSJ_sppns .
Consideration of Neuropsychological Factors in Interviewing

Our world is, first and foremost, a world of other persons. For most individuals, success is based on ability to successfully interact with other individuals, to convey and receive information. The salesman’s ability to assess a potential client, an advertiser’s sensitivity to consumers, a judge’s ability to evaluate an individual’s guilt, a suitor’s ability to determine receptivity, and a psychologist’s ability to infer parental fitness are all examples of the importance of assessment. Assessment is the process by which we acquire information about other individuals.
Causal Diversity and the Markov Condition

Examinant la condition de Markov dans le contexte des techniques d'inference causale etablies par la recherche scientifique, telles que les graphiques acycliques, l'A. montre que ces methodes ne s'appliquent pas universellement a toutes les formes de causes: si elles sont pertinentes pour les modeles deterministes, elle ne le sont pas pour les causes probabilistes.
Realizations of reciprocal processes

We review the concept of a reciprocal process and show that a stationary Gaussian reciprocal process, which satisfies a certain technical assumption, can be realized by a linear stochastic differential equation with independent initial condition.
Delayed calcineurin inhibitor introduction and renal outcomes in liver transplant recipients receiving basiliximab induction

Background To investigate the impact of delayed calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) initiation in liver transplant recipients (LTR) with peri-operative renal insufficiency receiving basiliximab induction, we compared renal outcomes of LTR stratified by the degree of achieved post-operative renal recovery (RR) prior to CNI initiation. Methods All adult LTR transplanted between 01/2007 and 12/2015 who received basiliximab were included. Patients who received multi-organ transplantations, were repeat transplant recipients, or expired prior to post-operative day (POD) 90 were excluded. The primary outcome of our retrospective analysis was renal function at POD 90. Results A total of 210 patients were included in our final analysis. Most patients were Caucasian males undergoing liver transplantation for liver disease secondary to hepatitis C virus. Baseline characteristics were similar among the evaluable population. Estimated GFR was significantly higher among patients with the greatest degree of post-operative renal recovery at POD 90; however, this difference did not persist at POD 180. There was no significant difference in incidence or severity of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) at any measured time point. Conclusions Delayed CNI initiation following liver transplantation in patients with post-operative renal insufficiency who receive basiliximab induction does not adversely affect the incidence of BPAR or long-term renal outcomes.
Making Air (Quality) Visible: Exploiting New Technology to Dramatically Improve Atmospheric Monitoring

There is an opportunity now to shape the future of air quality monitoring using the lessons from other industries. We advocate for an inclusive, open, distributed ecosystem that unifies regulatory-grade data with that of more inexpensive devices. This system incentivizes transparency and good data practices, encourages engagement, and accelerates learning. It creates the opportunity for sophisticated, distributed air quality models; supports community-driven innovation; and gets actionable data in the hands of those who care. This paradigm is not just the future for air quality, but also the future for sensor ecosystems in general.
Nonparametric Estimation of a Hazard Rate Function with Right Truncated Data

Left truncation and right truncation coexist in a truncated sample. Earlier researches focused on left truncation. Lagakos et al. (Biometrika 75:515–523, 1988) proposed to transform right truncated data to left truncated data and then apply the methods developed for left truncation. Interpretation of survival quantities, such as the hazard rate function, in reverse-time is not natural. Though it is most interpretable, researchers seldom use the forward-time hazard function. In this book chapter we studied the nonparametric inference for the hazard rate function with right truncated data. Kernel smoothing techniques were used to get smoothed estimates of hazard rates. Three commonly used kernels, uniform, Epanechnikov, and biweight kernels were applied on the AIDS data to illustrate the proposed methods.
From Lotos-Eaters to Lotus-Eaters: Tennyson’s And Rossetti’s Mediated Addiction

This chapter traces the connection between the work of Alfred Tennyson and Christina Rossetti specifically with regard to their similar engagement with figures of addiction. Tennyson’s poem most often viewed as a depiction of addiction is his “Lotos-Eaters,” and Rossetti wrote a poem that drew from Tennyson’s before she went on to write her own poem often read as a narrative of addiction: Goblin Market. Colman argues that the two poets found in narratives of addiction the premise for something Isobel Armstrong would call “the double poem,” a typical Victorian poem in which consensus thinking challenges itself. Addiction as it was understood by the mid-Victorian age had taken on similarly contradictory meanings, linked both to scientific pursuit and to health crisis. Tennyson and Rossetti, Colman argues, explored new forms for registering that contradiction, suggesting all the while the benefits of literary analogues of addiction rather than addiction itself.
Contemporary management of the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome

Introduction: Diagnosis and appropriate management of patients with the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome are imperative to prevent or minimize permanent visual loss and headache-related disability. Areas covered: Steps in management, including making the correct diagnosis, techniques to assess the patient's visual status, medical treatment of intracranial hypertension and the associated headaches, weight management strategies, surgical treatments and stenting are reviewed incorporating the most recent medical evidence. Expert opinion: As the pathogenesis of the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome is still unknown, many of the currently employed management strategies incorporate a 'plumbing approach' to decrease cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. The Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Trial (IIHTT) taught us that the disorder markedly affects visual and overall quality of life, and that reducing pressure alone is not enough to make patients well, even those considered to have 'mild' vision loss. Other than the IIHTT, the evidence supporting the use of various treatments is meager. The course of the disorder can be unpredictable, and the clinician(s) managing these patients are often uncertain about which treatments to employ. Moreover, the desired modalities and specialists are not universally available in all locations. An individualized and detailed approach to the various manifestations and nuances of the disorder is essential.
Cell Biological Consequences of OXPHOS Disorders

During the past century mitochondria have been recognized to play a central role in many cellular functions. Apart from producing cellular energy in the form of ATP (adenosine 5′-triphosphate) this organelle harbors essential parts of the urea cycle and is crucial for the breakdown of fatty acids, heat generation and the biosynthesis of heme, pyrimidines, amino acids, phospholipids and nucleotides. In addition to these ‘classical’ functions, mitochondria are also key players in cellular signaling through their involvement in apoptosis, generation of reactive nitrogen- and oxygen species (ROS/RNS), transduction of electrical signals and calcium homeostasis. This chapter summarizes current insights concerning the consequences of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) dysfunction at the cellular level. We will start with illustrating how mitochondrial and cellular metabolism is intertwined during ATP generation, calcium transport and ROS production. Moreover, the relation between mitochondrial morphology and function will be addressed. Next, we will summarize how OXPHOS deficiency and cellular functioning have been analyzed using pharmacological model systems and patient-derived cell lines. Also results of mathematical modeling, applied to integrate and understand the complex experimental data, will be treated. Finally, we will discuss possible adaptive mechanisms that counterbalance OXPHOS deficiency in the living cell.
Treecode-accelerated Green Iteration for Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory

Abstract We present a real-space computational method called treecode-accelerated Green Iteration (TAGI) for all-electron Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory. TAGI is based on a reformulation of the Kohn-Sham equations in which the eigenvalue problem in differential form is converted into a fixed-point problem in integral form by convolution with the modified Helmholtz Green's function. In each self-consistent field (SCF) iteration, the fixed-points are computed by Green Iteration, where the discrete convolution sums are efficiently evaluated by a GPU-accelerated barycentric Lagrange treecode. Other techniques used in TAGI include a-priori adaptive mesh refinement, Fejer quadrature, singularity subtraction, gradient-free eigenvalue update, and Anderson mixing to accelerate convergence of the SCF and Green Iterations. Ground state energy computations of several atoms (Li, Be, O) and small molecules (H2, CO, C6H6) demonstrate TAGI's ability to efficiently achieve chemical accuracy.
Support Vector Regression-Based Active Subspace (SVR-AS) Modeling of High-Speed Links for Fast and Accurate Sensitivity Analysis

A methodology based on the joint usage of support vector regression and active subspace is introduced in this paper for accelerated sensitivity analysis of high-speed links through parameter space dimensionality reduction. The proposed methodology uses the gradient directly obtained by support vector regression with Gaussian kernel to generate an active subspace with its application to the high-speed link model. Active subspace generated by this method is defined by the directions that are most influential on the desirable output measure. The resulting reduced-dimensional model is shown to perform well in sensitivity analysis of high-speed links including IBIS-AMI equalization, and is computationally more efficient than Sobol's method.
Can't Hit Pause? On the Constitutive Elements of Responsible Ventilator Management & the Apnea Test.

Berkowitz and Garrett (2020) provide the opportunity to consider the state of the apnea test in critical care medicine for mechanically ventilated patients suspected of death via neurological crite...
Economics of resource use efficiency in Poultry enterprise in Jaipur District of Rajasthan State

The present study examined the factors that affect the poultry production in poultry enterprise of Jaipur district of Rajasthan state. The sample size of twenty poultry farms were randomly selected from a list of two hundred poultry farms in Jaipur district. The cob douglas production function was used to determine the factors affecting the poultry production as well as resource use efficiency. The ratio of marginal value product (MVP) and marginal factor cost (MFC) defined the resource use efficiency. The major factors involved in the poultry production like cost of chicks, feed cost, medicine cost, transportation cost and human labour cost were chosen for computation of resource use efficiency. The efficiency indicator i.e. RUE= 0.27 for feed cost showed feeds were over utilized and other factors RUE indicated that the cost of chicks, medicine cost, transportation cost and human labour cost were found underutilized.
Effect of Suction and Confining Pressure on Shear Strength and Dilatancy of Highly Compacted Silty Sand: Single-Stage versus Multistage Triaxial Testing

Evaluating short- and long-term performance of engineered earthen structures and slopes requires proper understanding of the behavior of compacted and highly compacted soils. However, limited studies exist in the literature of unsaturated soil mechanics experimentally testing highly compacted soils, which often possess complex shear strength and dilatancy characteristics. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of suction and confining pressure on shear strength and dilatancy of a highly compacted silty sand through multistage and single-stage triaxial testing. Multistage triaxial testing offers a time and cost efficient approach that can reasonably represent field conditions where soils experience fluctuations in external loading conditions (e.g., flood loading/unloading). This article presents the results of consolidated drained multistage and single-stage triaxial tests on highly compacted silty sand under saturated and unsaturated conditions. Soil specimens were isotropically consolidated at a constant matric suction of 0 (saturated), 20, 50, and 95 kPa under net confining pressures of 50, 100, and 200 kPa. Unsaturated specimens consistently exhibited higher shear strength in multistage and single-stage tests compared to saturated specimens. Peak state lines for all unsaturated tests were plotted and found to be near parallel to the saturated peak state line. All tested specimens exhibited dilatancy following a small initial contraction. Although the dilatancy during shearing in multistage tests was comparable to that in the single-stage tests, the cumulative volumetric strain resulted in a net increase in the specimen volume in the case of unsaturated tests, and a net decrease in the case of saturated tests. This difference in volumetric strain behavior resulted in a lower peak shear strength of the saturated specimens tested using multistage testing compared to single stage but a higher peak shear strength in the case of the unsaturated specimens.
Alexithymia, Meaning-Making, and Management: Response to Novack

In response to Novack’s (this issue) insightful paper, this discussion endeavors to extend her arguments with my own thinking about alexithymia in patients with eating disorders and the fundamental...
Upcycling the TCA cycle-rewiring tumour-associated fibroblasts.

Alterations to the extracellular matrix have long been associated with cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Schworer et al. describe a mechanism whereby fibroblasts reroute metabolites to fuel the demands of collagen synthesis, leading to cancer progression.
The Wave Equation with Neuman Controls: On Lions’s F Space

A crucial issue in boundary controllability problems for partial differential equations is choosing the appropriate regularity for the space of controls. This space should satisfy two criteria: it should be large enough, so that controllability is possible; and it should be small enough, so that the initial regularity of solutions is preserved. Reconciling these two opposite criteria is sometimes easy and sometimes very difficult. The aim of this article is to provide a solution for this problem for the wave equation with Neuman controls.
Wrestling the Word: Submission and Resistance as Holy Hermeneutical Acts

Surely, this commandment that I am commanding you today is not too hard for you, nor is it too far away. It is not in heaven, that you should say, “Who will go up to heaven for us, and get it for u...
Community Mental Health

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on community mental health and its evolution from tertiary prevention to the promotion of well-being. The confluence of two salient events in the early 1960s—efforts to deinstitutionalize the chronically mentally ill and legislation to create community mental health centers across the nation—launched the community mental health movement. With the aide of a prevention framework adapted from the field of public health, this movement has continued to evolve and grow. Initial emphases on tertiary prevention, often in the form of alternative community-based methods of treatment for the severely mentally ill, were followed by efforts aimed at early detection and intervention. In both tertiary and secondary forms of prevention, emotional and behavioral problems, or early antecedents thereof, continued to be identified at the level of the individual. Interventions were implemented within institutions in contrast to within communities. However, to reduce the incidence of disorder in the population, primary prevention programs aimed at communities, population groups, or settings were developed and implemented. These centers were mandated initially to offer inpatient care, outpatient care, emergency services, partial hospitalization, and consultation and education, and ultimately to include diagnostic services, rehabilitation services, precare and aftercare services, training, and research and evaluation. The aim was to integrate the patients into their local communities and smaller treatment settings in contrast to huge, anonymous state hospitals in remote physical locations. The use of phenothiazines made it more feasible to return patients to their communities as they were less likely to engage in the extremes of deviant behavior. At the same time, deinstitutionalization was seen as a dramatic cost-saving device by fiscally conservative legislators.
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE Death Penalty Cases: Provide for Review of Pretrial Proceedings

The Act provides for discretionary review by the Georgia Supreme Court of all pretrial proceedings in death penalty cases. In addition, the Act sets forth procedures to be followed in ordering and conducting such a review.
An Analysis of Ford Lease Fleet Fuel Economy Data Through 1986 Models

On-road fuel economy, given the variety of customer driving experiences, tends to be lower than that obtained under controlled laboratory conditions. Since the 1978 model year, Ford Motor Company (Ford) has been collecting and analyzing on-road fuel economy data from Ford vehicles leased to company employees for evaluation purposes. Based on data collected during the summer months, 1985-86 model passenger car on-road fuel economy was approximately 47% greater than that obtained with 1978 models. Also, on-road results continue to parallel laboratory values, remaining approximately 15% below the metro/highway value. City and highway fuel economy values are contained on a label affixed to all new cars. In 1985, the label values were adjusted to better represent the on-road customer fuel economy. An analysis of actual on-road results compared to the label values demonstrates that the adjustment factors are accomplishing the intended purpose.
Scalable coordination techniques for distributed network monitoring

Emerging network monitoring infrastructures capture packet-level traces or keep per-flow statistics at a set of distributed vantage points. Today, distributed monitors in such an infrastructure do not coordinate monitoring effort, which both can lead to duplication of effort and can complicate subsequent data analysis. We argue that nodes in such a monitoring infrastructure, whether across the wide-area Internet, or across a sensor network, should coordinate effort to minimize resource consumption. We propose space-efficient data structures for use in gossip-based protocols to approximately summarize sets of monitored flows. With some fine-tuning of our methods, we can ensure that all flows observed by at least one monitor are monitored, and only a tiny fraction are monitored redundantly. Our preliminary results over a realistic ISP topology demonstrate the effectiveness of our techniques on monitoring tens of thousands of point-of-presence (PoP) level network flows. Our methods are competitive with optimal off-line coordination, but require significantly less space and network overhead than naive approaches.
Price Based Environment of Design and Engineering Services

Design Services have not met the value and expectations of the clients and their project managers. A previous research project studied the impact of the price based award environment on construction practices, and this research proposes that designers’ current practices and expectations are also price based and not performance based asperceived by many due to the qualifications based system [QBS] approach. The authors also propose that the qualification-based system [QBS] is a price based system and should be replaced by a best value approach, which includes a best value selection process such as the Performance Information Procurement System (PIPS.) The proposed design model will give control and risk management capability back to designers by having the designers utilize expertise, create transparency utilizing a weekly risk report (WRR) and a risk management plan (RMP.) The new model utilizes the expert’s expertise to create transparency, giving the advantage to the higher performing professionals. The researchers interviewed over 400 professionals to validate the concepts of the best value approach for the design community.
Injury Prevention: Opportunities in the Emergency Department

Because injury is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young patients, emergency departments have a significant opportunity to provide injury-prevention interventions at a teachable moment. The emergency department has the ability to survey injuries in the community, use the hospital setting to screen patients, provide products, offer resources to assist families within this setting to change their risky behaviors, and connect families to community resources. With a thoughtful, collaborative approach, emergency departments are an excellent setting within which to promote injury prevention among patients and families. Language: en
Shaking Table Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Repaired using Fiber Reinforced Polymer Jackets

AbstractEffective, economical, and timely repair of RC bridges after a seismic event is crucial. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite laminates are one of few options and have several advantages. The paper presents shaking table experimental investigation to evaluate the use of FRP for repairing RC bridge columns with circular cross sections. Two 1/4-scale RC columns were tested in as-built configuration. Both tests had identical geometry and reinforcement details except for the spacing of the transverse bars. One column had closely spaced hoops satisfying code requirements, and the other had larger spacing, representing a shear-critical column. The test specimens were subjected to a series of horizontal and vertical excitations on a shaking table and experienced moderate to high damage. The damaged columns were subsequently repaired with unidirectional FRP composite laminates and subjected to the same set of earthquake excitations. The obtained experimental data showed that the repaired columns achie...
Directed cytology of the esophagus and stomach: A comparison of 3 rapid collection methods

Directed gastrointestinal cytology complements forceps biopsy and the combination of techniques has greater diagnostic accuracy than either used alone. In an attempt to develop an easy, reliable method of obtaining cytological specimens without prolonging the endoscopic procedure, a comparison of brush cytology and 2 new methods for collecting specimens was made. The new methods utilize the aspiration channel of Olympus endoscopes. The aspirated specimens were collected in a mucus trap attached to the endoscope. These methods included (a) aspiration of exfoliated cells directly from the surface of lesions, and (b) aspiration of material remaining within the biopsy channel after brushing and/or forceps biopsies. Salvage of material remaining within the endoscopic channel provided a useful and rapid method of obtaining cytological specimens.
Tratamento farmacológico da Paralisia Facial Periférica Idiopática: qual a evidência?

Objective: The objective of this study was to review the evidence for the most effective pharmacological treatment for idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis using corticosteroids and antiviral agents. Data sources: PubMed, evidence based medicine websites, Portuguese Medical Journal Index and references of selected articles were searched. Methodology: An electronic database search was conducted for clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analysis (MA) and randomized controlled clinical trials, published between 01/2005 and 04/2012, in English and Portuguese, using the MeSH terms: Glucocorticoids; Antiviral Agents; Bell Palsy; Facial Paralysis. The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) of the American Family Physician was used for the assessment of levels of evidence (LE) and the strength of recommendations. Results: Of the 181 articles found, seven MA were included. Three MA found significant clinical benefit from corticosteroid therapy compared to placebo treatment (LE 1). The use of antiviral drugs was no better than placebo in two studies (LE 2). The combination of corticosteroids and antiviral drugs was found to be similar to isolated corticosteroid therapy in two studies. In four studies, increased benefit from combination therapy was found compared to corticosteroid treatment alone, though this difference was not statistically significant. Benefit from the combination treatment was possibly more likely in cases of severe paralysis (LE 2). Conclusions: Evidence is strongest for the benefits of corticosteroids in the treatment of idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (Recommendation A). There is no evidence of benefit for antiviral drugs either alone or in combination with corticosteroids in the treatment of Bell’s palsy (Recommendation B). In patients with severe paralysis, there may be a small benefit in adding an antiviral drug to steroid therapy (Recommendation B). Numerous methodological limitations in the reported studies as well as the heterogeneity between studies were noted.
Exercise physiology of wild and random-bred laboratory house mice and their reciprocal hybrids

We conducted a "common garden" experiment to compare aspects of exercise physiology and voluntary wheel-running behavior in wild and random-bred (i.e., non-inbred) laboratory house mice and their reciprocal crosses. Analysis of covariance indicated that, after effects of body mass and other appropriate covariates (e.g., age at testing) were accounted for, wild (range 2.46-3.30 m/s, n = 12) and hybrid (range 1.69-3.30 m/s, n = 24) mice exhibited forced maximal sprint running speeds that averaged approximately 50% higher than those of random-bred laboratory mice (range 1.11-2.12 m/s, n = 19). Wild and hybrid mice also had significantly higher (+22%) mass-corrected maximal rates of oxygen consumption (VO2max) during forced exercise and greater (+12%) relative ventricle masses than lab mice. Wild and hybrid mice also showed statistically higher swimming endurance times relative to body mass than lab mice, although these differences were insignificant when body mass was not used as a covariate. No significant differences were found for relative gastrocnemius muscle mass, liver mass, hematocrit, or blood hemoglobin content. During a 7-day test on voluntary activity wheels, both wild and hybrid mice ran significantly more total revolutions (+101%), ran at higher average velocities when they were active (+69%), and exhibited higher maximum revolutions in any single 1-min period (+41% on the 7th day of testing), but the total number of active 1-min intervals did not differ significantly among groups. In general, the behavioral and/or whole organisms performance traits showed greater differences than the lower-level traits; thus, during the domestication of house mice, behavior may have evolved more rapidly than physiology.
On the Irrelevance of the Segmentary Lineage Model in the Moroccan Rif

In attempting to analyze the precolonial Moroccan Rif in terms of the segmentary lineage model, David Hart overlooked the fact that violence in this region typically involved brothers and the sons of brothers in competition for inherited land, which was a commodity controlled by individuals, not lineages. What Hart depicted as a segmentary lineage system was actually a network of factions that cut across genealogical lines. Moreover, the political impact of the Moroccan state on the precolonial Rif was far more important than Hart suggested.
Thyroxine modulation of epinephrine stimulated secretion of rat parotid α-amylase

Abstract Thyroxine has been shown to modulate cyclic AMP dependent secretion of parotid α-amylase by enhancing the sensitivity of membrane bound adenyl cyclase to epinephrine. Thyroxine by itself is without effect.
Trauma, sports, and the skin

Dermatological disorders in athletes may occur as a result of repeated mechanical trauma, physical and chemical agents, climatic conditions, infections, infestations, and exacerbations of pre-existing skin disorders. These include black heel, tennis toe and other causes of subungual hemorrhage, friction blisters, abrasions, jogger's nipples, alopecia, calluses, and subcutaneous nodules. Contact dermatitis may occur from sports equipment, medications used to treat abrasions, and plants such as poison ivy and weeds. Herpes simplex and bacterial pyoderma may occur in wrestlers and rugby players, especially at sites of abrasion.
The Rp3 disease resistance gene of maize: mapping and characterization of introgressed alleles.

The Rp3 locus of maize conditions race-specific resistance to a fungal rust pathogen, Puccinia sorghi. Both morphological and DNA markers were employed to characterize alleles of Rp3 and to accurately position Rp3 on the maize genetic map. DNA marker polymorphisms distinctive to each Rp3 allele were identified, allowing the identification of specific Rp3 alleles in cases where rust races that differentiate particular alleles are not available. In a population of 427 progeny, Rp3 and Rg1 were found to be completely linked, while Lg3 was approximately 3 cM proximal on the long arm of chromosome 3. In this same population, 12 RFLP markers were mapped relative to Rp3; the closest markers were UMC102 (about 1cM distal to Rp1) and NPI114 (1–2 cM proximal). These and additional DNA probes were used to characterize the nature and extent of flanking DNA that was carried along when six different Rp3 alleles were backcrossed into a single background. Depending upon the allele investigated, a minimum of 2–10cM of polymorphic DNA flanking the Rp3 locus was retained through the introgression process. In addition, many of the probes that map near Rp3 were found to detect an additional fragment in the Rp3 region, indicating that portions of this chromosomal segment have been tendemly duplicated. The materials and results generated will permit marker-assisted entry of Rp3 into different maize backgrounds and lay the foundation for the eventual map-based cloning of Rp3.
Children's Development through Sports Competition: Derivative, Adjustive, Generative, and Maladaptive Approaches.

Sports competition can play an important role for children because it contributes to developmental outcomes for a healthy lifestyle. Through sports competition, children can learn about physical, social, and cognitive skills. Sports competition can be either positive or negative in terms of development, depending on how experiences are perceived by children and how competitions is designed. This article examines derivative, adjustive, generative, and maladaptive approaches to sports to determine the positive and negative effects on the development of children. Competition in sports related to development in four principal ways: sports competition was a result of development, it can be a respite from developmental pressure, it was a source of development, and it can be detrimental to development. This article discussed the optimal youth competitive sports program after the positive and negative aspects of human development for children were considered. The influence of coaches and family members was import...
Anomalous phonons below Tc in superconducting RNi2B2C (R = Lu, Y)

Abstract The phonons that exhibit anomalous temperature dependence in these compounds have wave vectors close to ξ → m =(ξ,0,0) , with ξ ≅0.5, and belong to two Δ 4 [ ξ 00] branches (one acoustic and the other optic) which cannot cross by symmetry. The behavior of these phonon modes was studied systematically between 2 and 620 K. We find that above T c the frequencies of the acoustic modes decrease with decreasing temperature, and there is intensity transfer from the upper (optic) to the lower (acoustic) mode in both compounds. As the temperature decreases towards T c , the two branches approach each other in the vicinity of ξ → m for the Lu compound, whereas they separate in the Y compound. This behavior, above T c , can be satisfactorily explained by a couple-mode model. Below T c the phonon spectrum changes dramatically: in both compounds, it consists of a sharp peak at approximately 4 meV with a broad weak shoulder on the high-energy side. The width of the sharp peak remains practically constant but its intensity decreases with increasing temperature and vanishes in the vicinity of T c . The results below T c are in qualitative agreement with recent theoretical calculations.
Co-Cr-Mo alloy particles induce tumor necrosis factor alpha production in MLO-Y4 osteocytes: a role for osteocytes in particle-induced inflammation.

Abstract Wear debris-induced osteolysis is purportedly the limiting problem affecting the long term results of joint arthroplasty. Pathogenic effects of wear debris in peri-implant cells such as macrophages, osteoblasts and osteoclasts have been well studied. In contrast, the effects of wear debris on osteocytes, which make up over 90% of all bone cells, remain unknown. We hypothesized that metal implant debris can induce the pro-inflammatory response in osteocytes. This study demonstrated the effects of cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy (Co–Cr–Mo) particles on a well-characterized MLO-Y4 osteocyte cell line. Co–Cr–Mo alloy particle treatment significantly (p
Effects of delayed auditory feedback on children with disorders in auditory processing.

Abstract A comparison was made of the effects of delayed auditory feedback (DAF) on the speech of children with known auditory processing dysfunction and on the speech of children with no such auditory problems. Eight boys with auditory deficiencies were matched for age with eight boys whose auditory abilities were normal. Subjects performed under four DAF and four synchronous feedback conditions. Tape recordings were analyzed by three judges for duration, frequency of speech disruptions, and percentage of correct words. Although the speech of both groups was significantly affected by DAF, no significant differences between the groups were observed. Those experimental subjects with poor contextual speech showed a significantly greater number of speech disruptions and a significantly smaller percentage of correct words under DAF than did those experimental subjects with better contextual speech. The two groups tended to prolong sounds in words more than they repeated of omitted sounds in words. Both groups had more omissions and prolongations during serial speech than during recitation. The control subjects showed more repetitions during recitation than during serial speech. Both groups showed a tendency toward an adaptation effect for repetitions.
Inhibition of infectious and hemagglutinating properties of type 2 dengue virus by aqueous Agar extracts.

Abstract Aqueous agar extract (AE), added to liquid or methylcellulose overlay medium, inhibits cytopathic effects or plaque formation by dengue-2 virus. Free virus mixed with AE undergoes reduction in (1) intracerebral pathogenicity for mice, (2) capacity to form plaques in KB cell monolayers, (3) hemagglutinating capacity. Various lines of evidence are presented which suggest that the inhibitory effect of agar overlay media and of AE are due to direct combination of the inhibitory substance with free virus particles. The inhibitor has been partially purified by a method involving coprecipitation with bovine serum albumin and deproteinization of the dissociated precipitate with phenol. It has been characterized as a sulfated polysaccharide.