cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reversible Intercalation of Fluoride-Anion Receptor Complexes in Graphite

We have demonstrated a route to reversibly intercalate fluoride-anion receptor complexes in graphite via a nonaqueous electrochemical process. This approach may find application for a rechargeable lithium–fluoride dual-ion intercalating battery with high specific energy. The cell chemistry presented here uses graphite cathodes with LiF dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent through the aid of anion receptors. Cells have been demonstrated with reversible cathode specific capacity of approximately 80 mAh/g at discharge plateaus of upward of 4.8 V, with graphite staging of the intercalant observed via in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction during charging. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and 11B nuclear magnetic resonance studies suggest that co-intercalation of the anion receptor with the fluoride occurs during charging, which likely limits the cathode specific capacity. The anion receptor type dictates the extent of graphite fluorination, and must be further optimized to realize high theoretical fluorination levels. To find these optimal anion receptors, we have designed an ab initio calculations-based scheme aimed at identifying receptors with favorable fluoride binding and release properties.
Hormone receptor studies in axillary metastases from occult breast cancers

The authors describe 11 patients with occult breast carcinoma, who initially presented with axillary nodal metastases of unknown origin. In all 11 cases, physical examination and mammography results were normal. Steroid hormone receptor studies were done on tissue from all 11 axillary masses and 2 masses underwent lactalbumin staining as well. In 8 of the 11 patients these studies were positive, suggesting breast as the primary tumor site. Estrogen (30 to 445 fmol/g) or progesterone (30 to 1059 fmol/g) receptors, or both, were positive in seven cases. Although a breast carcinoma was subsequently found in all 11 patients, receptor studies on the primary tumor could not be done in every instance. The authors concluded that performing steroid hormone receptor assays on axillary metastases from occult tumors not only may provide information regarding the identity of the primary tumor but also may be the sole opportunity to determine its hormone receptor status.
Calibrated measurements of elastic limit, modulus, and the residual stress of thin films using micromachined suspended structures

Calibration of the suspended square membrane method using both finite-element methods (FEM) and comparison with conventional tensile tests is discussed. The use of suspended circular membranes to measure the elastic limit of thin films is reported. The techniques can be adapted to other thin films from which microfabricated specimens can be made. The Instron test results provided useful information about the material behavior, including Young's modulus, whereas the membranes were used to determine quantitative values for residual stress and elastic modulus. The axisymmetric state of circular membranes under pressure were utilized effectively in determining the elastic limit of thin polymer films. >
Resource Needs of California Public Schools: Results from a Survey of Teachers, Principals, and Superintendents

Abstract This article reports the results of school budget simulations with 568 randomly selected California public school teachers, principals, and superintendents. Simulation participants were presented with the budget for a hypothetical school and asked to use that budget to employ the resources that would maximize the academic achievement of the school's students. Their responses were used to estimate the resources that professional educators believe their schools need to meet state academic achievement standards.
TacTex09: a champion bidding agent for ad auctions

In the Trading Agent Competition Ad Auctions Game, agents compete to sell products by bidding to have their ads shown in a search engine's sponsored search results. We report on the winning agent from the first (2009) competition, TacTex. TacTex operates by estimating the full game state from limited information, using these estimates to make predictions, and then optimizing its actions (daily bids, ads, and spending limits) with respect to these predictions. We present a full description of TacTex along with analysis of its performance in both the competition and controlled experiments.
Multi-Paradigm Modeling of Fracture of a Silicon Single Crystal under Mode II Shear Loading

We report a novel multi-paradigm multi-scale approach based on a combination of the first principles ReaxFF force field with an empirical Tersoff potential. Our hybrid multi-scale simulation model is computationally efficient and capable of treating thousands of atoms with QM accuracy, extending our ability to simulate the dynamical behavior of a wider range of chemically complex materials such as silicon, silica and metal-organic compounds. It is implemented in the Python based Computational Materials Design Facility (CMDF). We exemplify our method in a study focused on a systematic comparison of the fracture dynamics in silicon under mode II shear versus mode I tensile loading. We find that the mode II crack tends to branch at an angle of approximately 45 degrees once the crack speed approaches 38% of the Rayleigh-wave speed. In contrast, the mode I crack continuously propagates in the direction of the initial crack, and only makes a slight change of direction towards 10 degrees once fracture instabilit...
Pediatric peritoneal dialysis training: characteristics and impact on peritonitis rates.

ObjectivePeritonitis is the leading cause of technique failure in pediatric patients on peritoneal dialysis. A survey was developed to determine what impact, if any, training practices and staffing...
Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22 as a Waste Package Container Material

Alloy 22 is the material preferred by the U.S. Department of Energy for the waste package outer container for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste at the proposed repository site in Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The susceptibility of Alloy 22 to localized corrosion is an important consideration in the evaluation of the waste package behavior and the assessment of the overall performance of the proposed repository. The effects of the environment chemical composition and temperature on localized corrosion susceptibility were examined by measuring the repassivation potential for crevice corrosion in chloride-containing solutions at temperatures ranging from 80 to 150°C. The effect of potentially inhibiting anionic species, such as nitrate, was also determined. In addition to the mill annealed material, tests were conducted on both welded and thermally aged material to evaluate microstructural effects related to container fabrication processes. The resistance of Alloy 22 to localized corrosion decreased with increasing temperature and chloride concentration. Welding and thermal aging also decreased the localized corrosion resistance of the alloy.
InGaN‐based LEDs grown by plasma‐assisted MBE on (0001) sapphire with GaN QDs in the nucleation layer

Blue-violet LEDs based on InGaN MQWs were grown by RF-plasma MBE on (0001) sapphire with GaN QDs incorporated in the nucleation layer as a mechanism of dislocation filtering. Devices with dimensions 800 μm x 800 μm were fabricated and evaluated at a bare die configuration by measuring their EL spectra and power output. At low injection current, the EL spectra peak at 440 nm. At high injection current a second peak at 385 nm becomes the dominant one and it is attributed to tunneling of injected electrons through the electron blocking layer. The dependence of the power output as a function of the injection current was studied systematically in order to evaluate the effects of heating. Power outputs up to 9 mW were measured at injection current of 1 A. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
New threats to health data privacy

Along with the rapid digitalization of health data (e.g. Electronic Health Records), there is an increasing concern on maintaining data privacy while garnering the benefits, especially when the data are required to be published for secondary use. Most of the current research on protecting health data privacy is centered around data de-identification and data anonymization, which removes the identifiable information from the published health data to prevent an adversary from reasoning about the privacy of the patients. However, published health data is not the only source that the adversaries can count on: with a large amount of information that people voluntarily share on the Web, sophisticated attacks that join disparate information pieces from multiple sources against health data privacy become practical. Limited efforts have been devoted to studying these attacks yet. We study how patient privacy could be compromised with the help of today’s information technologies. In particular, we show that private healthcare information could be collected by aggregating and associating disparate pieces of information from multiple online data sources including online social networks, public records and search engine results. We demonstrate a real-world case study to show user identity and privacy are highly vulnerable to the attribution, inference and aggregation attacks. We also show that people are highly identifiable to adversaries even with inaccurate information pieces about the target, with real data analysis. We claim that too much information has been made available electronic and available online that people are very vulnerable without effective privacy protection.
Inheritance of Synchronization Constraints in Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming Languages

We analyse how inheritance of synchronization constraints should be supported. The conclusion of our analysis is that inheritance of synchronization constraints should take the form of incrementally more restrictive constraints for derived subclasses. Our conclusion is based on the view that combinations of behavior in object-oriented languages yield subclasses that extend superclass behavior. We give a notation for describing synchronization constraints. In our notation, synchronization constraints can be inherited and aggregated. We present a number of examples that illustrate the fundamental concepts captured by our notation. Synchronization constraints are described as restrictions that apply to invocation of methods. Application of restrictions is pattern-based, which allows the same restriction to apply to multiple methods and multiple restrictions to apply to the same method.
Callisto: mergers without pain

As value networks evolve, we observe the phenomenon of businesses consolidating through mergers and businesses disaggregating and then virtually "re-merging" dynamically to respond to new opportunities. But these constituent businesses were not built in any standard way, and neither were their IT systems. An example in the industrial sector is the need to merge product and parts catalogs, and selectively share customer data. Companies that merge can spend a year integrating their catalogs, by which its time for the next deal. As such, business object integration has become a key aspect of today's enterprise. In this paper we describe an innovation where, by integrating product data management (PDM) systems that manage business objects into Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) technology, we can provide a novel cross-industry solution which can be used in a variety of industries.
Learning Mixtures of Tree Graphical Models

We consider unsupervised estimation of mixtures of discrete graphical models, where the class variable is hidden and each mixture component can have a potentially different Markov graph structure and parameters over the observed variables. We propose a novel method for estimating the mixture components with provable guarantees. Our output is a tree-mixture model which serves as a good approximation to the underlying graphical model mixture. The sample and computational requirements for our method scale as poly(p, r), for an r-component mixture of p-variate graphical models, for a wide class of models which includes tree mixtures and mixtures over bounded degree graphs.
Immunologic and steroidogenic activity of the luteinizing hormone (LH) compared to its two subunits: CI and CII.

The immunological reactivity of ovine luteinizing hormone (LH) and of its 2 subunits CI and CII has been tested against a rabbit anti-LH serum. When tested by double diffusion in agar, by immunoelectrophoresis and by quantitative precipitation, the CII subunit is the major contributor to the antigenicity of LH. From a comparison of the steroidogenic activity of LH with that of its subunits, we conclude that cooperation between the 2 subunits is needed to achieve maximal biological activity. The steroidogenic activity of LH and of its 2 subunits has been tested on slices of bovine corpus luteum partially dissociated by enzyme treatment (crude collagenase followed by crystalline trypsin and DNAse). We show that after such treatment the cells of the bovine corpus luteum were still responsive to LH and that both the maximal response and the sensitivity of the tissue to LH were increased. The minimal effective dose of LH (30,000 mol wt) which gave stimulation of progesterone biosynthesis was 4 × 1O-12M and a m...
Titration and pH Measurement

Titration is the quantitative addition of a solution of known concentration to a solution of unknown concentration until the reaction between them is complete to determine the concentration of the second solution. An acid–base titration is the quantitative determination of the concentration of an acid or a base. Titration of an acid with a base requires that the pH, or relative concentrations of the two reactants, be monitored. pH can be assessed by litmus paper or by indicators, for example, phenolphthalein, but these methods lack precision. Typically, pH measurement in the laboratory is done by measuring the cell potential of that sample in reference to a standard hydrogen electrode. A plot of the pH of an acidic (or basic) solution as a function of the amount of added base (or acid) is a titration curve. From this, the endpoint or equivalent points can be determined. Key Concepts: Acid–base titrations determine the concentration of an acidic (or basic) solution (the analyte) by the delivery of a measured volume of base (or acid) of known concentration (the titrant). The progress of an acid–base titration is often monitored by a titration curve. Keywords: acid; base; electrode; neutralisation; pH; titration; equivalence point; logarithmic scale
A cumulative failure probability model for cleavage fracture in ferritic steels

Abstract The fundamental physical assumption of plastic deformation as a prerequisite to the cleavage fracture event demands to rule out the contribution of elastic stress components to the occurrence of fracture from both the pure elastic zone and the elastoplastic zone. It also commands the threshold stress for cleavage fracture to be no less than the yielding stress. Based on this understanding, a model of the cumulative failure probability for cleavage fracture in ferritic steels is developed. Further, a self-consistent statistical model of cleavage fracture toughness is also derived. The Beremin model does not conform to the normality axiom of probability, as it defies the premise of plastic yielding before cleavage fracture by counting in the elastic stress components inside the plastic zone to calculate the cumulative probability. Examples are given in several homogeneous uniaxial and multiaxial loading conditions to highlight the differences between the Beremin model and the presented model in probability calculation, model calibration, and interpretation of the temperature and constraint dependence of microscopic cleavage fracture stress.
Cicero and Quintilian on the Style of Demosthenes

Abstract : Cicero and Quintilian were critics of oratory who knew Greek well. They both have much to say about Demosthenes and are important figures in the history of Demosthenic scholarship. Cicero discusses Demosthenes mainly in the Orator , which he wrote primarily as an answer to the Atticists and as a defence of his own oratory. His comments, therefore, tend to be tendentious and to reflect Ciceronian praetiee more than that of Demosthenes. Quintilian, on the other hand, who was a critic rather than a practicing orator and who does not have an “axe to grind,” makes many perceptive comments about Demosthenic oratory.
Membrane potential drives organic cation transport into teleost renal proximal tubules

The relationship between organic cation uptake and basolateral membrane potential was studied in renal tubules from two marine teleost fish, Southern flounder (Paralicthys lethostigma) and killifish (Fundulus heteroclitis). Carrier-mediated uptake of the model organic cation, tetraethylammonium (TEA), increased when K+ was changed from 2.5 to 0.2 mM and decreased when medium K+ was increased to 20 mM. Uptake was also reduced by the K+ channel blocker barium (1 mM). Furthermore, basolateral membrane potential hyperpolarized 15-25 mV in low-K+ medium and depolarized 30-40 mV in high-K+ medium. Barium also depolarized. Finally, basolateral membrane potential was depolarized in a concentration-dependent manner by addition of 100-500 microM TEA or Darstine. Thus treatments that hyperpolarize the basolateral membrane potential increase carrier-mediated TEA uptake, whereas those that depolarize basolateral membrane potential reduce uptake. Furthermore, organic cation transport into tubular cells involves the net influx of positive charge. Together, these findings support the argument that carrier-mediated organic cation uptake at the basolateral membrane is a potential-driven, electrogenic process.
Decriminalization, Regulation, Privatization: A Response to Professor Natapoff

This short comment on Natapoff’s “Misdemeanor Decriminalization” (2015) offers reasons for skepticism about how broadly we can expect decriminalization reforms to extend in U.S. state criminal codes, and also about the procedural advantages that enforcement officials gain when offenses are converted from criminal to civil status. I then sketch reasons why decriminalization often does not lead to less punitive regulation. One is that civil enforcement typically remains with the same police, prosecutors, and courts. A second is the paucity of enforcement mechanisms that work on low-income offenders. A third looks to durable features of American policymaking and institutional design. Federal and state governments have long maintained a strong state capacity for criminal law enforcement, which stands as an exception to a general disfavor in the U.S. for a strong public sector. Aversion to robust state capacity leads to preferences for privatizing public functions and for self-funding courts and law enforcement agencies through fines and user fees. Dependency on fines and fees paid by violators, coupled with an unwillingness to fully legalize much conduct now regulated through misdemeanor courts, constrains decriminalization efforts.
How do people's perceptions of water quality influence the life cycle environmental impacts of drinking water in Uganda?

Over the last two decades, more than 2 billion people have gained access to improved drinking water sources. The choices for water sources and treatment methods at the household level are influenced by people's perceptions of water quality. To ensure long-term sustainability, it is important to evaluate the environmental impacts of water provisions considering people's perceptions. In this study, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method and qualitative data collected from household interviews are used to determine the environmental impacts associated with water sources and household treatment methods. Results showed discrepancies between perceived and measured water qualities. In the case of tap water (i.e. low perceived water quality but high measured water quality), charcoal was used for boiling water at the household level that resulted in a high environmental impact due to a chronic over-treatment of water. In contrast, rainwater (i.e. high perceived water quality but low measured water quality) received under-treatment that resulted in a low environmental impact but potential health problems. This study highlights the need for an alignment in the perceptions of water quality with the actual, measured quality in order (1) to prevent public health outbreaks due to under-treatment, (2) to reduce the consumption of environmental resources as a result of over-treatment, and (3) to conserve household expenditures being used to purchase charcoal for boiling water.
Text Editing Performance with Partial and Full Page Displays

Full page text editor displays have been favorably contrasted with partial page displays with respect to potential user productivity. An experiment was conducted in which 20 subjects used both partial and full page displays driven by the same computer text editing system. The subjects completed 384 editing tasks using each display. Each task required subjects to make a revision which was marked on a printed copy of a document. The results showed no practical productivity difference between the two displays for typical editing revisions after a moderate amount of practice.
Joint 3D Inversion of Marine CSEM And MT Data

Magnetotelluric (MT) data naturally manifests itself as noise in marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data. It follows that MT data can be extracted from measured CSEM data for the relatively negligible cost of additional data processing. With availability of both data sets, we present a new approach to 3D joint inversion of both CSEM and MT data. Our method is based on the 3D integral equation method for modeling, and focusing regularized inversion. Our examples show that joint CSEM and MT inversion has better model resolution compared to CSEM or MT inversion alone.
Comparative and Non-Comparative Justice

Discussions of justice have traditionally focused on two very general kinds of concerns. On the one hand, justice is associated with the concepts of equality, similarity, and proportionality, and in this area questions of justice are essentially comparative: whether an individual has been treated justly depends on how his treatment compares with that received by others. On the other hand, we have the idea that justice consists in giving everyone 'his due', and here the questions of justice are not comparative: whether an individual receives just treatment depends on features of that individual, and is independent of how others are treated. Joel Feinberg distinguishes between 'comparative' and 'non-comparative' justice, which he evidently regards as irreducibly distinct concepts, the applicability of which depend upon disjoint and possibly conflicting sets of principles. Like many other writers on the subject of justice, however, Feinberg devotes little attention to the concept of relevant dissimilarity.
Formulation of the plastic source method for plane inelastic problems Part 1: Green's functions for plane inelastic deformation

Green's function representation of the residual stress caused by any plane inelastic strain is given for the infinite region with a simple defect such as a crack or an elliptic hole. The plane inelastic strain developed within an infinitesimal region is represented by a double couple whose Green's functions (or complex potentials) are derived using the analytic function theory. The inelastic strain over a finite region is, then, represented by a continuous distribution of such double couples and its complex potentials by area integrals. Closed form expression for the stress field arising from the uniform inelastic strain distribution is given for the general polygonal region withn sides.
Mother monkeys' (Macaca nemestrina) responses to infant vocalizations.

Strnamary.-2 mother monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) separated from their infants, 2 adult females without young and 2 adult males were studied to determine activity (pacing) and vocalization in response to taped monkey calls. Stimulus tapes were prepared from two different calls of each of the rwo infant monkeys and a call of an adult female monkey. Mother monkeys separated from their infants were always more active and vocal than either non-mother female monkeys or males, and their activity and response vocalizations increased during presenrations of infant calls. There was no evidence that mothers responded differentially to the calls of their own infants. An increasing number of descriptive sc~tdies cacalog vocalizations emitted by primates and describe situations in which they occur (Andrew, 1762; Rowel1 & Hinde, 1762; Icani, 1963; Moynihan, 1966), but none experimentally tescs the effects of specific vocalizations of one primate upon another. As Marler (1965) pointed out, "speculations are poorly substanciaced even by observations . . . only by synthesizing sound signals chac are modified in various ways and presenting them to animals is it possible to show which of the properties of sounds are required co evoke the appropriate test response and which are unnecessary." Jensen and Tolman (1762) demonstrated that locomotor activity (pacing) of mother macaques was greatest when sensory access to their infants was least. Mothers who could not see their infants reduced cheir activity when they could hear them. This and other stitdies in which artificially presented vis~lal stimuli were used (Butler & Woolpy, 1963; Miller, et al., 1966; Sackett, 1766) suggested presenting taped vocalizacions of infants and measuring mothers' locomotor responses. A preliminary test of one mocher elicited a vocal response. Therefore, we used vocalization count as a second response measure. The hypotheses tested were chat mothers who were temporarily separated from their infancs would reduce their locomotion during the caped vocalizacions of cheir own infancs and chac the responses of mothers, non-mothers and males would differ from one anocher.
Abstract 3936: Identification and validation of the potential biomarker insulin-like growth factor binding protein acid-labile subunit for breast cancer in African American women

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, with an estimated 40, 730 breast cancer deaths in the US in 2015. African American (AA) women have a lower breast cancer incidence rate, but a higher breast cancer death rate, than non-Hispanic White women. Research indicates that breast tumor biology in AA women is different from that in Caucasian women. AA women are more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer at an earlier age and with more aggressive form of the disease, characterized by higher grade and negative estrogen and progesterone receptor status. Because of the aggressive nature of these tumors and current lack of targeted therapies, identification of novel relevant protein markers is of great importance. The purpose of this study was to validate serum proteins that were previously identified by serum proteomic profiling in 22 serum samples by 2D-DIGE/MS analysis and a subset of samples by shotgun LC/MS technology. Methods and new data: The current study included serum samples from 15 African American breast cancer patients and 12 healthy controls. Patients were grouped into triple negative (TN), HER2 and Luminal A and B subtypes. Proteins of biological significance were validated using western blot analysis. For ceruloplasmin, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein acid-labile subunit (IGFBP-ALS), one-way ANOVA was used to compare mean density among the three groups. For Vitamin D Binding protein (VDB), a two-sample t-test was used to compare the density between the groups. Due to the small sample size, we have also conducted nonparametric tests. IGFBP-ALS was significantly lower in triple negative breast cancer patients (p = 0.016) and in HER2 (p = 0.025) subtypes. There was no significant difference in VDB protein in the luminal A and B subtypes (p = 0.98). Future efforts will focus on validating the identified panel of biomarkers to gain insight into their role(s) in the etiology of aggressive breast tumors. Funded by Susan G Komen for the Cure and SEED grant SPH. Citation Format: Padma P. Tadi Uppala, Carlos Garberoglio, Sharon Lum, Willie Davis, Hon-Chiu Eastwood Leung, Michael Liebman, Keiji Oda, Utkarsh P. Patel. Identification and validation of the potential biomarker insulin-like growth factor binding protein acid-labile subunit for breast cancer in African American women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3936.
Timing of Stimulant Treatment for ADHD and Effect on Academic Progress

Investigators at University of Iceland, Reykjavik, and other centers in Iceland and in USA studied the probability of academic decline (drop of >5.0 percentile points) in ADHD children according to drug exposure and timing of treatment start between National Scholastic Examinations.
Alcohol Use among Undergraduate Students: From Brief Interventions to Behavioral Economics

Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes statistics on the prevalence and consequences of undergraduate drinking and discusses some specific groups that have been identified as high risk. Alcohol use among undergraduate students is identified as a significant public health problem. Alcohol use, and particularly binge drinking, can lead to a host of alcohol-related consequences. The negative effects of alcohol range from fairly minor problems to alcohol-induced auto fatalities and alcohol poisoning, and alcohol use that leads to a prolonged pattern of negative consequences can result in a diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence. Gender differences in the drinking practices of college students have been widely reported. For both males and females, increased involvement and investment in intercollegiate sports was associated with higher rates of binge drinking. It is suggested that brief interventions delivered in primary care settings promoted reductions in drinking across both genders, motivated individuals to pursue specialized alcohol treatment programs, and reduced the utilization of other health care services. It is found that the Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students program can be effective tools for reducing risky drinking, and to a lesser extent alcohol-related negative consequences, among college students.
Differential Transcriptional Regulation in Roots of Tomato Near-Isogenic Lines in Response to Rapid-Onset Water Stress

Cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is susceptible to abiotic stresses, including drought and chilling stress, while its wild relative (S. habrochaites) exhibits tolerance too many abiotic stresses. Chilling roots to 6 °C induces rapid-onset water stress by impeding water movement from roots to shoots. Wild S. habrochaites responds to root chilling by closing stomata and maintaining shoot turgor, while cultivated tomato fails to close stomata and wilts. This phenotypic response (shoot turgor maintenance under root chilling) is controlled by a major QTL stm9 on chromosome 9 from S. habrochaites that was previously high-resolution mapped to a 0.32 cM region, but its effects on transcriptional regulation were unknown. Here we used paired near isogenic lines (NILs) differing only for the presence or absence of the S. habrochaites introgression containing stm9 in an otherwise S. lycopersicum background to investigate global transcriptional regulation in response to rapid-onset water stress induced by root chilling. NIL175 contains the S. habrochaites introgression and exhibits tolerance to root chilling stress, while NIL163 does not contain the introgression and is susceptible. RNA from roots of the two NILs was obtained at five time points during exposure to root chilling and mRNA-Seq performed. Differential expression analysis and hierarchical clustering of transcript levels were used to determine patterns of and changes in mRNA levels. Our results show that the transcriptional response of roots exposed to chilling stress is complex, with both overlapping and unique responses in tolerant and susceptible lines. In general, susceptible NIL 163 had a more complex transcriptional response to root chilling, while NIL175 exhibited a more targeted response to the imposed stress. Our evidence suggests that both the tolerant and susceptible NILs may be primed for response to root-chilling, with many of these response genes located on chromosome 9. Furthermore, serine/threonine kinase activity likely has an important role in the root chilling response of tolerant NIL175.
Susceptibilities of One-Dimensional Quantum Spin Models at Zero Temperature

We calculate precise numerical values for the nondivergent direct or staggered zero-temperature susceptibilities of the one-dimensional, $S=\frac{1}{2}$, transverse Ising model at the critical field and for the isotropic $\mathrm{XY}$ model in zero field which have not been previously determined analytically. Our method is based on a rigorous approach to calculate dynamic correlation functions for these models. We also investigate the exact nature of the divergenices in the $q$-dependent susceptibilities. Our results are compared with existing predictions of approximate analytic approaches and numerical finite-chain calculations. Our result for the $\mathrm{XY}$ case is directly relevant for the interpretation of recent susceptibility measurements on the quasi-one-dimensional magnetic compound ${\mathrm{Cs}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CoCl}}_{4}$.
Donald Trump’s “Political Incorrectness”: Neoliberalism as Frontstage Racism on Social Media:

President Donald Trump’s popularized “political incorrectness” has become a signifier allowing for backstage, or overt, racist sentiments to become steadily normalized as logical in the public fron...
Teaching & Learning Tips 7: small-group discussion

Challenge: The success of a small-group discussion depends in large part on the effectiveness of the facilitator or small-group tutor. How can a facilitator successfully manage diverse views and knowledge bases of participants while also contributing as a member of the group? Herein, we provide tips for managing small-group discussions that can be applied widely in dermatology didactics.
Miniaturizing Rare-Earth Ion Microwave to Optical Transducers

We present the development of an on-chip rare-earth ion architecture that integrates planar microwave elements and photonic structures to realize coherent microwave to optical transduction.
Sleep Problems in Children with Mental Retardation and Autism

There is a striking paucity of studies systematically examining sleep problems in children with mental retardation and with autism. Nonetheless, based on the limited empiric findings, the presence of sleep problems and disturbances appears quite prevalent in these special populations. Moreover, there are a number of compelling reasons to hypothesize that children with mental retardation and autism are at particular risk for sleep problems. The assessment and treatment of behavior problems in general in children with mental retardation and autism have relied heavily on procedures developed out of the field of applied behavior analysis. The few treatment studies of sleep problems have been promising.
Morphology of Multilanguage Teaching

The building of a sound world depends on the communication between man and man. Since this communication cannot remain in the abstract but must be alive, it is imperative that all men of good will and especially scientists and other professionals master the tongues of other peoples. The determination to occupy oneself with languages, however, is not sufficient if methods of instruction are not developed which are far more effective than those used in the pasto For this purpose a morphological study has revealed that the time honored method of learning only one language at a time is too inefficient. Multilanguage teaching must be introduced instead which is to be conducted in environments and by methods which will be described, but which must, in the course of time, be improved as new experiences are being gained with this entirely novel approach.
Oracle TimesTen Scaleout: A New Scale-Out In-Memory Database Architecture for Extreme OLTP

Oracle TimesTen Scaleout is a shared-nothing scale-out inmemory database designed for extreme OLTP workloads, such as IoT, real-time fraud detection, telecommunications etc. TimesTen Scaleout features rich SQL including complex queries with joins, aggregations and analytic functions, transparent distributed execution, full ACID multi-statement transactions, global secondary indexes and sequences. The design features built-in high availability using a k-safe data duplication mechanism, and transparent failure handling in order to minimize application down time. All management functions such as installation, configuration, and monitoring are provided via a centralized management repository.We describe some of the challenges in developing such a scale-out in-memory database architecture and show extreme performance results exceeding 100 million transactions per second and 1 billion SQL selects per second.
Quantitative profiling of cortisol metabolites in human urine by high-resolution accurate-mass MS.

Aim, materials & methods: Urinary cortisol profile has the potential as a diagnostic biomarker. We therefore developed a stable-isotope dilution ultraperformance chromatography multistage MS-based ...
FRI0061 THE CONTRIBUTION OF TENOSYNOVITIS OF SMALL JOINTS TO THE SYMPTOM MORNING STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH UNDIFFERENTIATED AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Background Morning stiffness (MS) is characteristic of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) that is associated with functional disability. Despite the known parallel in the circadian rhythm of MS and that of several hormones and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the systemic circulation, it is insufficiently known to what extent local inflammatory processes contribute to this symptom. The correlation between MS and the number of swollen joints is relatively weak but may be underestimated by insufficient sensitivity in measuring local inflammation. MRI is more sensitive in detecting local inflammation. Furthermore, MRI-detected tenosynovitis of small joints is increasingly recognized as early feature of RA which is also associated with functional impairments. Recently it was proposed that this may contribute to MS. Objectives We assessed the relationship between MS and MRI-detected inflammation and tenosynovitis in particular. Methods 286 consecutive patients newly presenting with undifferentiated and rheumatoid arthritis underwent contrast-enhanced 1.5T-MRI of (2-5)MCP-, (1-5)MTP-, and wrist-joints. Scans were scored for tenosynovitis according to Haavardsholm and for synovitis, osteitis conform the RAMRIS-method. MS was dichotomized as>60 minutes. Associations between MS and tenosynovitis/synovitis were tested with logistic regression and the presence of a biologic interaction was assessed categorically (solitary or simultaneous presence of synovitis/tenosynovitis). Results MS was present in 40% of patients. Tenosynovitis was more often present in patients with MS than without MS (80% versus 65%), OR 2.11 (95%CI 1.21;3.69). Also synovitis was more often present in patients with MS (58% versus 44%), OR 1.83 (1.12;2.96). In categorized analyses the largest association was found for concurrent synovitis and tenosynovitis OR 2.43 (1.30;4.54); whereas single presence of synovitis was not associated (OR 0.85 (0.21;3.47)). The variance explained in all analyses on morning stiffness was small, ranging 3-6%. Conclusion Tenosynovitis, and simultaneous presence of tenosynovitis and synovitis in particular, was associated with MS. However, effect sizes suggested that the contribution of local inflammation to this symptom is rather limited. Acknowledgement E.C. Newsum and W.P. Nieuwenhuis are acknowledged for scoring MRI-scans. Disclosure of Interests Aleid Boer: None declared, Debbie Boeters: None declared, Ellis Niemantsverdriet: None declared, Annette van der Helm - van Mil Grant/research support from: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Starting grant, agreement No 714312) and from the Dutch Arthritis Foundation. The funding source had no role in the design and conduct of the study.
Spinning radiation from a topological insulator

Axion coupling in topological insulators dramatically changes the electromagnetic response of these materials. Here, the authors show that this coupling leads to the emergence of spin angular momentum in the associated thermal radiation where all emitted light is elliptically polarized in the same direction. In contrast to conventional thermal emitters with a structured interface, a slab of a topological insulator with a thin magnetic coating would radiate thermal photons with the same magnitude and direction of circular polarization in all emission angles.
No acute effects of placebo or open-label placebo treatments on strength, voluntary activation, and neuromuscular fatigue.

Recent evidence suggests that deception may not be necessary for placebos to improve clinical outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that placebo and open-label placebo (OLP) treatments would acutely improve strength and voluntary activation, as well as minimize neuromuscular fatigue, in untrained participants. Twenty-one males (n = 11) and females (n = 10) visited the laboratory on three occasions (placebo, OLP, control) to receive each treatment in a randomized, counter-balanced manner. Trials involved a pretest, a 15-min intervention, and posttests. For the placebo trial, participants were informed that they would be ingesting a capsule that would improve their performance and make them feel more energetic. For the OLP intervention, participants were told that the capsules would have no effects. In “Experiment #1”, knee extensor maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) peak torque and percent voluntary activation were evaluated. In “Experiment #2”, participants performed 20 consecutive MVCs while surface electromyographic signals were detected from the vastus lateralis. Subjective assessments of energy and perceived exertion were examined. The interventions had no effect on strength or voluntary activation, but energy levels increased following treatments (p = 0.016, η2 = 0.257). Neither treatment influenced neuromuscular fatigue. Though some variables showed moderate-to-large effect sizes, these results were consistent for individuals with lower voluntary activation. Placebo and OLP treatments had minimal influence on strength, voluntary activation, and fatigue resistance. As these findings differ from recent reports, we speculate that placebos and OLPs are more likely to enhance muscle function in patient populations seeking medical care.
The fine structure of the lateral lobe of the rat prostate gland. Comparison with the dorsal and other lobes.

Histochemical, pharmacological, and physical methods have revealed a number of differences between the dorsal and lateral lobes of the rat prostate. The morphology of these two lobes by light microscopy has revealed no significant difference between them. Ultrastructural studies, however, have revealed that the lateral lobe epithelium is characterized by (1) numerous microvilli, (2) dense secretory granules in the Golgi complex, and (3) flattened cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum—features which are not found in the dorsal lobe.
Respiratory Therapist Retention and Perspectives on the Current Healthcare Climate at a Major Metropolitan Hospital

Background: Employee retention is imperative to healthcare success. High turnover rates are associated with increased organizational costs, including repetitive candidate searches, training time, and lost investment. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the factors related to respiratory therapist (RT) retention and perspectives on the current healthcare climate to inform retention and engagement practices. Methods: A survey was administered to 456 RTs currently employed (full-time and part-time) at a major metropolitan hospital in Atlanta, Georgia. The survey had a 66.2% (n=300) completion rate. Descriptive statistics were computed. This study was approved by the respective hospital ethical board. Results: Among RTs who completed the survey (n=300), approximately a third of participants have been practicing for over 20 years (32.7%) and 23.7% have been practicing for 5 years or less. Nearly half of RTs (47.7%) reported being satisfied as an RT, and 32.5% reported being very satisfied. The highest education level for participants included bachelor9s degrees (44.7%), associate degrees (45.7%), and masters or higher (9.6%). When asked where participants see themselves in five years, 31.3% replied in their current role, 11.8% reported pursuing higher education, 23.2% reported retiring or leaving the respiratory therapy field, and 15.4% replied entering a management role. Participants were asked to specify one idea to implement for the entire respiratory therapy department, and 25.5% replied building teamwork and improving communication between staff and among leadership. Nearly 11% replied they would like to see more incentives or higher wages for staff. The other responses included more autonomy (10.4%), increased training and educational opportunities (8.0%), increase staffing (7.1%), and dedicated staff for specific areas of the hospital (9.9%). Regarding the state of RTs in the current healthcare climate, 40.0% of respondents reported positive answers, stating that respiratory therapy is an important and respected field of healthcare. However, 35.9% of respondents reported negative answers, including stating the field is underappreciated and regressing. Approximately 17% of participants stated neutral responses. Conclusions: Healthcare leadership should utilize responses from employee surveys to address retention and turnover rates among RTs. Disclosures: None; Sponsored Research-None.
Impact of different treatment techniques for pediatric Ewing sarcoma of the chest wall: IMRT, 3DCPT, and IMPT with/without beam aperture

Purpose To evaluate the dosimetric differences between photon intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans, 3D conformal proton therapy (3DCPT), and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans and to investigate the dosimetric impact of different beam spot size and beam apertures in IMPT for pediatric Ewing sarcoma of the chest wall. Methods and materials Six proton pediatric patients with Ewing sarcoma in the upper, middle, and lower thoracic spine regions as well as upper lumbar spine region were treated with 3DCPT and retrospectively planned with photon IMRT and IMPT nozzles of different beam spot sizes with/without beam apertures. The plan dose distributions were compared both on target conformity and homogeneity, and on organs-at-risk (OARs) sparing using QUANTEC metrics of the lung, heart, liver, and kidney. The total integral doses of healthy tissue of all plans were also evaluated. Results Target conformity and homogeneity indices are generally better for the IMPT plans with beam aperture. Doses to the lung, heart, and liver for all patients are substantially lower with the 3DPT and IMPT plans than those of IMRT plans. In the IMPT plans with large spot without beam aperture, some OAR doses are higher than those of 3DCPT plans. The integral dose of each photon IMRT plan ranged from 2 to 4.3 times of proton plans. Conclusion Compared to IMRT, proton therapy delivers significant lower dose to almost all OARs and much lower healthy tissue integral dose. Compared to 3DCPT, IMPT with small beam spot size or using beam aperture has better dose conformity to the target.