cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lava Flows and Lava Tubes: What They Are, How They Form (DVD)

This DVD is a treat for volcanologists, Earth scientists, and others who are curious about volcanoes. Beautiful photography of lava flows from the current eruption of Kilauea Volcano in Hawaii is explained by volcanologist Ken Hon, a noted authority on the formation of lava flow fields. Hon and Gansecki are with the Geology Department at the University of Hawaii at Hilo, which provides them with close proximity to document the wonders and changing personality of the ongoing Pu'u'O'o eruption. They are assisted by volcanologist Jenda Johnson.
Breakthroughs in Terahertz Science and Technology in 2009

Terahertz science and technology continues to advance at a rapid pace. This article reviews a few of the most exciting advances from 2009, including reports in high-field THz science, imaging, and plasmonics.
E4orf1 induction in adipose tissue promotes insulin-independent signaling in the adipocyte

Background/Purpose Type 2 diabetes remains a worldwide epidemic with major pathophysiological changes as a result of chronic insulin resistance. Insulin regulates numerous biochemical pathways related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
Sustainable scheduling of batch processes under economic and environmental criteria with MINLP models and algorithms

Abstract We address the bi-criterion optimization of batch scheduling problems with economic and environmental concerns. The economic objective is expressed in terms of productivity, which is the profit rate with respect to the makespan. The environmental objective is evaluated by means of environmental impact per functional unit based on the life cycle assessment methodology. The bi-criterion optimization model is solved with the e -constraint method. Each instance is formulated as a mixed-integer linear fractional program (MILFP), which is a special class of non-convex mixed-integer nonlinear programs. In order to globally optimize the resulting MILFPs effectively, we employ the tailored reformulation-linearization method and Dinkelbach's algorithm. The optimal solutions lead to a Pareto frontier that reveals the tradeoff between productivity and environmental impact per functional unit. To illustrate the application, we present two case studies on the short-term scheduling of multiproduct and multipurpose batch plants.
The dramatic dates of Plato's Protagoras and the lesson of arete

It is generally agreed that the Protagoras recounts a single meeting which took place in the late 430s. If this is correct, then, as has long been recognized, the dialogue contains a number of disturbing anachronisms. It is the purpose of this study to question the supposition of a single dramatic date. I argue that Plato did not record the events of a single meeting in the dialogue, but that he drew upon the action and dialogue of more than one meeting in the course of Protagoras' visits to Athens. If it can be shown that this is the way in which Plato composed the dialogue, then he is not guilty of the glaring anachronisms in the Protagoras with which he is charged. At the end of this study I suggest a reason for Plato's choice of this method of composition. First, however, the evidence for Protagoras' visits to Athens should be considered.
Moving Towards Sustainable and Resilient Smart Water Grids

Urban water systems face sustainability and resiliency challenges including water leaks, over-use, quality issues, and response to drought and natural disasters. Information and communications technology (ICT) could help address these challenges through the development of smart water grids that network and automate monitoring and control devices. While progress is being made on technology elements, as a system, the smart water grid has received scant attention. This article aims to raise awareness of the systems-level idea of smart water grids by reviewing the technology elements and their integration into smart water systems, discussing potential sustainability and resiliency benefits, and challenges relating to the adoption of smart water grids. Water losses and inefficient use stand out as promising areas for applications of smart water grids. Potential barriers to the adoption of smart water grids include lack of funding for research and development, economic disincentives as well as institutional and political structures that favor the current system. It is our hope that future work can clarify the benefits of smart water grids and address challenges to their further development.
Helping based on future expectations

Autonomous agents interacting in an open world can be considered to be primarily driven by self interests. Previous work in this area has prescribed a strategy of reciprocal behavior, based on past interactions, for promoting and sustaining cooperation among such self-interested agents. Here we present a new mechanism where agents base their decisions both on historical data as well as on future interaction expectations. A decision mechanism is presented that compares current helping cost with expected future savings from interaction with the agent requesting help. We experiment with heterogeneous agents that have varying expertise for different job types. We evaluate the effect of both change of agent expertise and distribution of task types on subsequent agent relationships. The reciprocity mechanism based on future expectations is found to be robust and flexible in adjusting to the environmental dynamics.
Gas-Phase Polar Cycloaddition Reactions

The ion-molecule reaction chemistry of simple alkenes has been extensively studied in many laboratories. At low ion translational energies, as found in the cell of an ion cyclotron resonance spectrometer, the reactions undoubtedly proceed via an intermediate complex. Although much is known about the product distributions and rates of reaction of these processes, little is known about the structure(s) of the intermediate. This is a difficult question because, in many cases, the intermediate cannot be observed. Its properties can be only inferred by indirect methods such as studies involving isotopic labels or comparison of fragmentation channels with the mass spectral decomposition of suspected intermediate. Unfortunately, deuterium labelling in simple hydrocarbon systems is not very informative because of extensive isomerizations of hydrogen atoms in the intermediate complex prior to subsequent fragmentation.
The Effect of Class Attendance and Lecture Notes on Learning Outcomes

At many large universities it is conventional to deliver undergraduate introductory economics courses in a large lecture hall. However, not surprisingly, casual empiricism suggests that rates of student absenteeism are significantly greater in a large lecture format than in a smaller classroom setting. A compounding factor is that numerous empirical studies have established a significant negative relation between absenteeism and student performance. This study investigates the relation between absenteeism, the use of instructor provided online lecture notes, and student performance. The findings are that on average instructor lecture notes are not a substitute for class attendance. However, for some learning styles they can be a substitute, but for most learning styles they are not.
Time Consistency and Related Concepts

We give rigorous game-theoretic meaning to the Stackelberg notions of time inconsistency and to the idea of commitment being of value (or sequential irrationality). Time inconsistency treats desirable deviations only along the path, whereas sequential irrationality treats deviations everywhere in the tree. We establish four relationships: time inconsistency implies sequential irrationality; sequential irrationality implies and is implied by the failure of subgame perfect equilibrium; and time consistency implies Nash equilibrium. (In the last case the restrictions are numerous.) We show also that no other relationships are valid. Our basic results are easily gleaned from the schema provided in Figure 1 (which follows typescript page 29).
Investigation and analysis of accidental injury of 3~6 years old rural children in Zibo County

Objective To understand the status of accident injury of rural children aged 3~6in Zibo County and provide the basis data for injury prevention interventions. Methods According to the principle of cluster sampling,a total of 1 231children of Zibo county,aged 3~6years old were selected as subjects.Self-made questionnaire was used to collect information related to accident injury. Results The accident injury rate of preschool children was 6.58%.The home listed the top site of occurring accident injury and slip was the most common reason of injury.The injured parts were mainly in extremity.The more occurred injury season were summer and winter.The majority injury degree was mild and the average of total treatment costs was 675.3yuan. Conclusions The data showed a higher incidence of accidental injuries among preschool children.Therefore safety education and management should be strengthened in terms of preventing injury of children.
Suppression of Bacterial Blight on Mustard Greens with Host Plant Resistance and Acibenzolar-S-Methyl

Bacterial blight, caused by Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis, attacks the leaves of most brassica vegetables, including mustard greens (Brassica juncea). 'Carolina Broadleaf,' a new mustard cultivar, is resistant to bacterial blight, whereas 'Florida Broadleaf,' a commonly grown cultivar, is susceptible. Acibenzolar-S-methyl (trade name Actigard) has been used to manage bacterial diseases caused by P. syringae on a variety of crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate host plant resistance and acibenzolar-S-methyl alone and in combination to manage bacterial blight. Three field experiments were done in spring and fall 2011 and fall 2014. In each experiment, acibenzolar-S-methyl was applied twice as a foliar spray, once before and once after plants were inoculated. Severity of bacterial blight was 81% less on nontreated Carolina Broadleaf than on nontreated Florida Broadleaf (P ≤ 0.0003). Acibenzolar-S-methyl applications reduced severity of bacterial blight by 55% compared with the water control treatment on susceptible Florida Broadleaf. Mean weight of diseased leaves, averaged across acibenzolar-S-methyl treatments, was 53% less with Carolina Broadleaf than with Florida Broadleaf (P < 0.0001). However, acibenzolar-S-methyl applied at the recommended rate (14.2 g/ha) significantly injured leaves of Carolina Broadleaf in two experiments and injured leaves of Florida Broadleaf in one experiment. Overall, host plant resistance was more effective than acibenzolar-S-methyl for managing bacterial blight on mustard greens.
Integrated Pest Management Implementation in New York Greenhouses

Development and implementation of greenhouse integrated pest management (IPM) in New York began in 1986. Programs focused on poinsettia, bedding and foliage plant production. Over 50 growers were involved and techniques relied on regular crop monitoring including the use of plant inspections, sticky traps, and indicator plants for both insects and diseases. The growers use nonchemical pest control practices when possible. Pesticide reductions of 40–70% have resulted. Many New York growers are experimenting with biological controls and using them on a limited basis. The majority of growers are concentrating on improving pest monitoring and pesticide management. The primary cost is the additional labor required for scouting. In New York this ranges from $15–$35 per hour for private scouts. To facilitate IPM adoption local and regional workshops and multi-year pilot projects are beneficial.
Massive renal angiomyolipoma: preoperative infarction by balloon catheter.

AbstractA case of a renal angiomyolipoma supplied by 2 renal arteries is reported. Preoperative, percutaneous transluminal infarction by a balloon catheter facilitated surgical removal of this massive neoplasm.
High-level multi-objective model for microgrid design

Recently, there is vast inclination toward using renewable energy in rural areas away from the main electricity generation plants. Small airports located in rural areas are good candidates to apply sustainable energy for electrical power needs. Because of the intermittency of the renewable sources, it is important to have energy storage to guarantee an uninterrupted and stable power supply for end users. In this paper a high level micro grid model is proposed considering making decisions about different factors such as different renewable sources capacity, storage and system capacity. A multi-objective model of a microgrid high-level design is used to formulate design alternatives. This can enable engineering teams to refine requirements for subsequent stages of the system engineering process. The main goal of the proposed approach is to maximize the profit considering revenues and the implementation cost including initial and maintenance cost and environmental impacts on lifespan of the proposed microgrid. Different components of the microgrid with energy storage device are selected and sized considering both the initial cost and operational/maintenance cost with optimal coordination between storage and intermittent resources such as solar and wind is proposed while meeting load and system operating requirements. Diesel generator is anticipated as back up supply for emergency cases, however to comply with green energy policies, it is objected to be minimized. The multi-objective linear programming is used for proposed optimization. A case study of integrated microgrid located in Aydin airport in Turkey is presented to verify the advantages of the proposed optimal decision making method. In addition to the system self-constraint, certain constraints of the airport design also are taken into account.
Inositol and Ginkgo biloba as Adjuncts in Chronic Depression: Case Report

The treatment of resistant depression has involved the use of various adjuncts in addition to the antidepressant, such as lithium or liothyronine (T3). This case report describes a woman with a history of chronic depression (dysthymic disorder), unresponsive to a number of traditional antidepressants, who was treated with the antidepressant bupropion and the nutritional and herbal supplements inositol and ginkgo. Her bupropion was able to be reduced, and she appeared to respond well to the added supplements, reducing her Ham-D score from 17 to 11. In this case, it was hypothesized that the inositol was the probable active adjunct with regard to the antidepressant effect, with the ginkgo helping with cognition. The inositol theory is reviewed with reference to mania and depression.
Theorizing Art in Chile During Dictatorship: The Conditions for the Singular and the Specific in Cultural Debate

In this chapter, I analyze the theoretical edifice of the Chilean art collective CADA (Colectivo acciones de arte), and identify their work as one of the first steps toward the conception of a Specific identity. Through special attention to this collective, I argue that CADA articulates a critique of the insurgent/dictatorship binary in order to produce the specific identity of sufferer of dictatorship. Through works of bodily performance, public art, and the literature of corporeality, CADA suggests that dictatorship produces a generalized and transcendent condition of suffering that opens up the possibility for understanding and individuation across zones of responsibility.
How Service Recovery Saves the Buyers: The Role of Forgiveness

When a service failure occurs, this negative disconfirmation of expectations is likely to result in a variety of unfavorable consequences such as customer dissatisfaction, negative word of mouth, increased costs, and customer revenge. Therefore, understanding how companies can effectively respond to service failure has become a very important area to both academicians and practitioners. Despite the topics of service failure and service recovery that have attracted considerable research attention in the past decade, customer’s psychological reaction to firm’s effort to address the service failure remains understudied. Drawing on equity theory, this study examines how customer’s perceived interactional, procedural, and distributive justice influence customer return intention through the impact of perceived forgiveness. This study focuses on the neglected, but important, mediation effects of perceived forgiveness. Based on a survey of 501 customers, the results find that distributive justice has the strongest impact on perceived value followed by procedural justice and interactional justice, respectively. In addition, customer forgiveness positively and strongly affects customer return intention.
Debts and Deficits in Alternative Macroeconomic Models

Ever since Keynes challenged the classical automaticity approach to macroeconomics, the economics profession has been engaged in a prolonged debate over the appropriate roles of monetary, fiscal, debt and exchange rate policies in economic management. In the two decades following the publication of the General Theory, Keynesian views were predominant in macroeconomic theory and economic policy. Classical views, however, were sustained by the abortive Keynesian prediction of a post-war depression. Control of inflation became a major objective of macroeconomic policy.
Law and the Primacy of Pragmatics

Many standard pictures of pragmatics and legal jurisprudence reflect a common set of largely unquestioned assumptions. One recurring and central assumption is that of a separate and discretely identifiable linguistic system with concomitantly identifiable semantic meaning that then often needs “pragmatic enrichment” in order to be applied to context. In the legal realm this then raises the question of when is it acceptable to enrich semantic context in the context of rule application. This picture of rule and language application rests upon an analysis that takes as given the primacy of semantics to pragmatics. In this paper I will reverse this standard picture and construct an analysis of law and jurisprudence that begins from the assumption of the primacy of pragmatics in linguistic practice. Semantic meaning is seen from this stance as a hypothesis about behavioral meaning in linguistic practice and not as a to-be-applied starting point. Instead of starting from a presumed meaning, seeing pragmatics as primary rests identification of linguistic meaning, or the meaning of an institutional practice such as law, on a more central investigation of legal practices and habit, ostensibly linguistic or not. Using the work of George Herbert Mead, Charles Morris, Willard van Orman Quine and Donald Davidson, all theorists that emphasized behavior broader than that focused upon by more intellectualist theories of language, I will argue that greater attention to the primacy of pragmatics challenges standard theories of jurisprudence thereby forcing greater attention to traditionally ignored aspects of legal practice. This result, in turn, renders a more inclusive analysis necessary in order to construct a proper analysis of the pragmatics of legal practice.
Glycans and glycoproteins as specific biomarkers for cancer

Protein glycosylation and other post-translational modifications are involved in potentially all aspects of human growth and development. Defective glycosylation has adverse effects on human physiological conditions and accompanies many chronic and infectious diseases. Altered glycosylation can occur at the onset and/or during tumor progression. Identifying these changes at early disease stages may aid in making decisions regarding treatments, as early intervention can greatly enhance survival. This review highlights some of the efforts being made to identify N- and O-glycosylation profile shifts in cancer using mass spectrometry. The analysis of single or panels of potential glycoprotein cancer markers are covered. Other emerging technologies such as global glycan release and site-specific glycosylation analysis and quantitation are also discussed.
Assessment of Domestic Goats as Models for Experimental and Natural Infection with the North American Isolate of Rickettsia slovaca

Rickettsia slovaca is a tick-borne human pathogen that is associated with scalp eschars and neck lymphadenopathy known as tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) or Dermacentor-borne necrosis erythema and lymphadenopathy (DEBONEL). Originally, R. slovaca was described in Eastern Europe, but since recognition of its pathogenicity, human cases have been reported throughout Europe. European vertebrate reservoirs of R. slovaca remain unknown, but feral swine and domestic goats have been found infected or seropositive for this pathogen. Recently, a rickettsial pathogen identical to R. slovaca was identified in, and isolated from, the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis. In previous experimental studies, this organism was found infectious to guinea pigs and transovarially transmissible in ticks. In this study, domestic goats (Capra hircus) were experimentally inoculated with the North American isolate of this R. slovaca-like agent to assess their reservoir competence–the ability to acquire the pathogens and maintain transmission between infected and uninfected ticks. Goats were susceptible to infection as demonstrated by detection of the pathogen in skin biopsies and multiple internal tissues, but the only clinical sign of illness was transient fever noted in three out of four goats, and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. On average, less than 5% of uninfected ticks acquired the pathogen while feeding upon infected goats. Although domestic goats are susceptible to the newly described North American isolate of R. slovaca, they are likely to play a minor role in the natural transmission cycle of this pathogen. Our results suggest that goats do not propagate the North American isolate of R. slovaca in peridomestic environments and clinical diagnosis of infection could be difficult due to the brevity and mildness of clinical signs. Further research is needed to elucidate the natural transmission cycle of R. slovaca both in Europe and North America, as well as to identify a more suitable laboratory model.
Photophysical properties of wavelength-tunable methylammonium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals

We present the time-correlated luminescence of isolated nanocrystals of five methylammonium lead mixed-halide perovskite compositions (CH3NH3PbBr3−xIx) that were synthesized with varying iodide and bromide anion loading. All analyzed nanocrystals had a spherical morphology with diameters in the range of 2 to 32 nm. The luminescence maxima of CH3NH3PbBr3−xIx nanocrystals were tuned to wavelengths ranging between 498 and 740 nm by varying the halide loading. Both CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 nanocrystals exhibited no luminescence intermittency for more than 90% of the 250 s analysis time, as defined by a luminescence intensity three standard deviations above the background. The mixed halide CH3NH3PbBr0.75I0.25, CH3NH3PbBr0.50I0.50, and CH3NH3PbBr0.25I0.75 nanocrystals exhibited luminescence intermittency in 18%, 4% and 26% of the nanocrystals, respectively. Irrespective of luminescence intermittency, luminescence intensities were classified for each nanocrystal as: (a) constant, (b) multimodal, (c) photobrightening, and (d) photobleaching. Based on their photophysics, the CH3NH3PbBr3−xIx nanocrystals can be expected to be useful in a wide-range of applications where low and non-intermittent luminescence is desirable, for example as imaging probes and in films for energy conversion devices.
3 regimens for alcohol withdrawal and detoxification.

Physiology Alcohol enhances gamma-aminobutyric acid’s (GABA) inhibitory effects on signal-receiving neurons, thereby lowering neuronal activity, leading to an increase in excitatory glutamate receptors. Over time, tolerance occurs as GABA receptors become less responsive to neurotransmitters, and more alcohol is required to produce the same inhibitory effect. When alcohol is removed acutely, the number of excitatory glutamate receptors remains, but without the suppressive GABA effect. This situation leads to the signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Practice recommendations
Value, Enchantment and the Mentality of Democracy: Some distant Perspectives from Gandhi

This essay integrates metaphysics, science, politics, political economy, and moral philosophy in order to explore the ways in which some Gandhian ideas, when given a genealogical reading in the dissenting thought of Early Modernity in Europe, might provide a deep basis for (a) diagnosing the religiosity of our own time, (b) making our secular ideals grounded in a more democratic mentality and culture towards such religiosity than modern liberalism permits, and (c) more generally, theorising a much more radical set of Enlightenment ideas than is found in the widespread and dominant liberal orthodoxies of the last 200-300 years of political theory. My hope, in this essay, is to bring to bear on the curious form of religiosity of our own time and place, some of Gandhi’s deeply anti-vanguardist philosophical attitudes towards democracy as well as the instinctive genealogical method he deployed for understanding the society that was given to him in his own time and place. The essay is not intended as an exposition of Gandhi’s thought and I will only write of him in the brief initial philosophical frameworking of the first section; but it is his ideas and his method, to the extent that he had one, that drive the analysis throughout the paper.
A strain stiffening theory for transient polymer networks under asymptotically nonlinear oscillatory shear

We construct a microstructure-based constitutive model that successfully predicts experimental rheology signatures that no other model has previously described. The experimental observations are the low-dimensional descriptions of asymptotically nonlinear oscillatory shear [Ewoldt and Bharadwaj, Rheol. Acta 52, 201–209 (2013)], also known as medium-amplitude oscillatory shear, characterized by four frequency-dependent material measures: [e1](ω), [e3](ω), [v1](ω) and [v3](ω). These slightly nonlinear rheological measurements are the systematic step beyond linear viscoelastic characterization. The material is a transiently crosslinked polymeric hydrogel of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked by sodium tetraborate (borax) [Bharadwaj and Ewoldt, J. Rheol. 59, 557–592 (2015)], which shows nonlinear elastic stiffening inferred from [e1](ω) > 0. Here, we hypothesize that the appropriate physical model is a transient network of strain-stiffening elastic elements. We rationalize that all nonlinearities are driv...
On Human System Identification

Abstract This Daner discuss needs for and potential accomplishments that could result from, development of a theory of human system identification.
Electron-transfer chain in respiratory complex I

Complex I is a part of the respiration energy chain converting the redox energy into the cross-membrane proton gradient. The electron-transfer chain of iron-sulfur cofactors within the water-soluble peripheral part of the complex is responsible for the delivery of electrons to the proton pumping subunit. The protein is porous to water penetration and the hydration level of the cofactors changes when the electron is transferred along the chain. High reaction barriers and trapping of the electrons at the iron-sulfur cofactors are prevented by the combination of intense electrostatic noise produced by the protein-water interface with the high density of quantum states in the iron-sulfur clusters caused by spin interactions between paramagnetic iron atoms. The combination of these factors substantially lowers the activation barrier for electron transfer compared to the prediction of the Marcus theory, bringing the rate to the experimentally established range. The unique role of iron-sulfur clusters as electron-transfer cofactors is in merging protein-water fluctuations with quantum-state multiplicity to allow low activation barriers and robust operation. Water plays a vital role in electron transport energetics by electrowetting the cofactors in the chain upon arrival of the electron. A general property of a protein is to violate the fluctuation-dissipation relation through nonergodic sampling of its landscape. High functional efficiency of redox enzymes is a direct consequence of nonergodicity.
Quantitative investigation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell motility: dependence on epidermal growth factor concentration and its gradient

Enhanced cell motility is one of the primary features of cancer. Accumulated evidence demonstrates that Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mediated pathways play an important role in breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. We have quantified the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell migration in response to the stimulation of EGFR pathways with their ligand EGF to determine how the cell motility of MDA-MB-231 cells depends on the ligand concentration and gradient. Analysis at the single cell level combined with mathematical modeling and the ability to vary the ligand concentration and gradients locally using microfluidic devices allowed us to separate the unique contributions of ligand concentration and ligand gradient to cell motility. We tracked the motility of 6600 cells individually using time lapse imaging under varying EGF stimulation conditions. Trajectory analysis of the tracked cells using non-linear multivariate regression models showed that: (i) cell migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells depends on the ligand gradient but not on the ligand concentration. This observation was valid for both the total (direction independent) and directed (along gradient direction) cell velocities. Although the dependence of the directed motility on ligand gradient is to be expected, the dependence of the total velocity solely on ligand gradient was an unexpected novel observation. (ii) Enhancement of the motilities of individual cells in a population upon exposure to the ligand was highly heterogeneous, and only a very small percentage of cells responded strongly to the external stimuli. Separating out the non-responding cells using quantitative analysis of individual cell motilities enabled us to establish that enhanced motility of the responding cells indeed increases monotonically with increasing EGF gradient. (iii) A large proportion of cells in a population were unresponsive to ligand stimulation, and their presence introduced considerable random intrinsic variability to the observations. This indicated that studying cell motilities at the individual cell level is necessary to better capture the biological reality and that population averaging methods should be avoided. Studying motilities at the individual cell level is particularly important to understand the biological processes that are possibly driven by the action of a small portion of cells in a population, such as metastasis. We discuss the implications of our results on the total and chemotactic movement of cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Effects of zinc salts on the microstructure and performance of zeolitic-imidazolate framework ZIF-8 membranes for propylene/propane separation

Abstract Zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), a sub-class of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), show a lot of promise for membrane-based gas separation applications. In particular, a prototypical ZIF-8 has attracted tremendous research interests as a promising membrane material for the industrially important propylene/propane separation. Of the different synthesis techniques developed for polycrystalline ZIF membranes, the microwave-assisted seeding followed by the secondary growth has been shown effective to obtain high quality polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes by achieving strong attachment of seed crystals to ceramic supports. However, as with any polycrystalline films, the performance of membranes synthesized by this method is determined by membrane microstructures (i.e., grain boundary structure, the size/shape/orientation of grains, etc.) which, in turn, are affected by processing conditions. Here, we report the effects of the nature of zinc salts on the microstructures of ZIF-8 seed layers prepared under microwave irradiation as well as subsequent secondarily-grown ZIF-8 membranes. Significant differences in the microstructures of both seed layers and membranes, consequently binary propylene/propane separation performance of membranes, were observed with different zinc salts as metal sources. It was found that likely due to its fast nucleation as compared to other zinc salts, zinc nitrate was most effective as a zinc source in both the microwave-assisted seeding and the secondary growth step, resulting in both seed layers and membranes with better microstructures. The resulting ZIF-8 membranes showed the excellent propylene/propane separation factor of ∼105.
Weight gain changes in patients with aripiprazole monotherapy compared with aripiprazole–antidepressant polypharmacy in an outpatient sample:

Objective:This study seeks to evaluate the weight gain effect within a community-based population of patients with diagnoses of depression, mood disorder, and schizophrenia receiving aripiprazole o...
Morphology and Dynamics of the Instantaneous Auroral Oval

This paper reviews some recent observations made with all-sky cameras, photometers and electronic imaging devices, both from spacecraft and from the ground. When the diffuse aurora is included, the instantaneous distribution of auroras differs considerably from the classical Feldstein auroral oval. Contrary to currently held views, the diffuse aurora appears to be the same as the mantle aurora (Sandford, 1964, 1968). New ground-based observations are presented which show that the dynamics of the instantaneous auroral distribution is also very different from the classical substorm picture when the dynamic bahavior of the diffuse aurora is included. The Feldstein oval should therefore not be used as a reference frame for anything except averaged data. The instantaneous equatorward boundary of the auroral oval as defined by the diffuse aurora is perhaps a more suitable coordinate for ordering single sets of observations.
Updating osteoimmunology: regulation of bone cells by innate and adaptive immunity

Osteoimmunology encompasses all aspects of the cross-regulation of bone and the immune system, including various cell types, signalling pathways, cytokines and chemokines, under both homeostatic and pathogenic conditions. A number of key areas are of increasing interest and relevance to osteoimmunology researchers. Although rheumatoid arthritis has long been recognized as one of the most common autoimmune diseases to affect bone integrity, researchers have focused increased attention on understanding how molecular triggers and innate signalling pathways (such as Toll-like receptors and purinergic signalling pathways) related to pathogenic and/or commensal microbiota are relevant to bone biology and rheumatic diseases. Additionally, although most discussions relating to osteoimmune regulation of homeostasis and disease have focused on the effects of adaptive immune responses on bone, evidence exists of the regulation of immune cells by bone cells, a concept that is consistent with the established role of the bone marrow in the development and homeostasis of the immune system. The active regulation of immune cells by bone cells is an interesting emerging component of investigations that seek to understand how to control immune-associated diseases of the bone and joints.
Rêve d’usine (Luc Decaster, 2003): presenting the vanishing workplace

In Luc Decaster’s 2002 documentary film, Reve d’usine, we see the factory, a workplace in crisis, gradually evaporate in front of our eyes in the last few minutes of the film. In this article, the ...
FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEREMIA: WHEN STATINS, EZETIMIBE & PCSK9 INHIBITORS ARE NOT ENOUGH

Patients with familial hypercholesteremia (FH) require lipoprotein aphaeresis (LA), mipomersen or lomitapide to control their LDL-C. Proprotein convertase subtisilin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have reduced the use of these treatment strategies but some FH patients still require additional LDL-C
Bioinformatics Resources for the Stress Biology of Plants

Bioinformatics play an invaluable role in many areas of biological research including stress biology. In the present global scenario, almost every organism faces stress as a response to stressors (biotic or abiotic). Any stress has serious impact on the overall growth and development of organisms. Moreover, productivity of plants is also affected by stress. Due to these reasons, stress biology has been the focus of research for many scientists, and the massive data generated by them require appropriate management and analysis tools. The availability of bioinformatics tools including software, databases, and web resources has brought a major change in the stress-related research. These resources help in the analysis and better interpretation of the data generated through experiments. This chapter deals with various general and specialized bioinformatics resources useful for the stress biology community working on plants.
Conceptual Design of a Deuterium-3He Fueled Tandem Mirror Reactor Satellite/Breeder System

The purpose of this paper is to describe and assess a system of ''nearly'' neutron-free fusion reactors and their fuel breeding source. This breeder is a fusion reactor that produces /sup 3/He for the ''satellite'' reactors. In this study the breeder is a self-sustaining fuel production plant, that is, it neither contributes to the power grid system nor consumes any power from the grid system. The assessment is made with respect to physics, engineering, cost, and safety.
Thermophilic Anoxygenic Phototrophs Diversity and Ecology

Thermophilic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria anoxyphototrophs inhabit hot springs worldwide. The filamentous green bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus was the first thermophilic anoxyphototroph to be discovered. However, since the isolation of this organism nearly a quarter century ago (Pierson and Castenholz, 1971), at least seven other thermophilic anoxyphototrophs from various hot spring habitats have been isolated and characterized. In this chapter I describe the basic properties of these organisms, including their phylogenetic status and physiology, and then consider two examples of the way the physiological ecology of these organisms has been studied in situ. We begin with an overview of the organisms themselves.
P144 Impact of low-level (MFI) HLA-antibodies on living donor kidney transplant rejection risk

Aim Histocompatibility testing is used to predict the risk of hyperacute and accelerated-acute transplant rejection. The presence of HLA-specific antibodies, as detected by single antigen bead testing (SAB), are used in organ allocation through the calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) and by assessing the presence of donor HLA-specific antibodies (DSA). The presence of DSA and cPRA are considered in the algorithm for assigning patients to immunosuppression protocols. However, the interpretation of low level antibodies in SAB and DSA testing is challenging. Our aim was to look at antibodies below our current threshold of 2000 MFI but above our analytical threshold of 1000 MFI to determine if there is residual risk related to these antibodies. Methods Patient antibody screens were evaluated with 2000 MFI and 1000 MFI cutoff values. 181 patients were assessed for pre-transplant patient risk category and donor compatibility by determining: the change in cPRA, number of identified HLA specific antibodies between the thresholds, the presence of DSA identified between thresholds and the predicted change in immunosuppression protocols. Living donor kidney transplants with an average of 2 years of follow-up were reviewed. 81 recipients were scored for the presence of DSA and examined for the development of de novo DSA (dnDSA) post-transplant. Biopsy data was also reviewed on 40 living donor kidney transplant recipients to determine the incidence of biopsy-proven rejection. Results The reduction in antibody threshold was associated with an average increase in cPRA of 15% for HLA-Class I and 18% for HLA-Class II which corresponded to detection of 10 additional HLA specificities. We determined that using the 1000 MFI threshold, 15% of patients would have been considered higher risk based on transplant center protocols and would have necessitated increased immunosuppression. Changes in risk category were weakly associated with higher rates of dnDSA post-transplant and biopsy-proven rejection. Conclusions In this study, the development of biopsy-proven rejection was not associated with pre-transplant DSA or post-transplant dnDSA that were between 1000 and 2000 MFI.
Chapter 1 – General Concepts in Column Chromatography

This chapter provides an overview on the general concepts in column chromatography. The Russian botanist, M.S.Tswett, is generally credited with the discovery of chromatography around the turn of the century. He used a column of powdered calcium carbonate to separate green-leaf pigments into a series of colored bands by allowing a solvent to percolate through the column bed. He coined the name chromatography from the Greek for color (chroma) and write (graphein) to describe the process. However, column liquid chromatography as described by Tswett was not an instant success, and it was not until its rediscovery in the early 1930s that it became an established laboratory method. Chemists at this time were limited to such laboratory tools as crystallization, liquid-liquid distribution, and distillation for separations, and new techniques were needed for rapid isolation of pure components from natural products and to support the development of increasingly sophisticated approaches to organic synthesis.
Hygroexpansion in Wood

In the living tree, the cell walls of wood are always in the fully swollen condition, at fiber saturation. Therefore no skrinkage or swelling occurs in the living tree except from hydrostatic tensions in the cell cavity water, and normal thermal expansion and/or changes in the fiber-saturation point with temperature. However, when green wood dries, hygroscopic shrinkage takes place, the extent depending on a number of factors. These include: amount of moisture loss, structural direction (tangential, radial, or longitudinal), kind of wood, drying stresses caused by moisture gradients, etc.
SPONTANEOUS HEMORRHAGIC TAMPONADE ASSOCIATED WITH RIVAROXABAN USE

Rivaroxaban is an oral direct Factor Xa inhibitor widely used for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. It is convenient to use since it does not require monitoring of its level. However, hemorrhage is still one of the major side effects, especially, when combined with
Providing Care for the Uninsured Without the Federal Case

Estimated at close to 50 million strong, the fate of America's uninsured has caused quite a stir of late. As the media anxiously reports on the U.S. Supreme Court's acquiescence to assess the constitutionality of certain tenets at the heart of healthcare reform, the nation sits anxiously on the sidelines, awaiting the outcome. This provides an opportunity to reflect upon our nation's health care system, and in particular the uninsured. This article discusses how hospitals can help in this cause, as well as the Federal government.
“A Different Kind of Theo-Politics: Abraham Joshua Heschel, the Prophets and the Civil Rights Movement”

This paper explores the sharp differences in the understanding of the Hebrew prophets by theologians, Jewish and Protestant, in Germany and the United States, with a particular focus on their invoc...
Negotiation process and activities

Unless both sides win, no agreement can be permanent. Jimmy Carter, 2002 AS PROGRESS may not necessarily be linear, the potential for negotiations evolves along vastly different trajectories. Nonetheless, the participants should have an overall, even if vague, notion of how the process is likely to proceed. The whole sequence of negotiations can be envisaged as a developmental process of testing the ground, agenda formulation, proposal making, bargaining and closure. In illuminating the main characteristics of different negotiation stages, this chapter looks at specific negotiating activities that encompass proposal exchange, issue redefinition and conceptualization, exploration of an overall structure of the deal, and a search for implementing details. The nature of the dispute is initially defined through issue clarification at the agenda phase. Once having voiced a commitment to key issues, each side has to turn their attention to narrowing the differences before any prospect for settlement emerges. This transition serves as a preliminary to final bargaining. More specifically, these preliminaries constitute a search for a viable range of alternative settlements through a serious study of trading possibilities, and honing a bargaining formula. Jostling for position may precede the eventual ironing out of differences. The points of difference may be narrowed by concession-making. Thus a shared sense of the approximate range of possible terms is essential to deal structuring and detailed bargaining. As vividly illustrated, for instance, in Greek debt talks with Eurozone countries and the US–Iranian nuclear deal-making attempt in 2015, the whole process does not stop at the conclusion of an agreement, spilling over into implementation, demanding either associated negotiation or renegotiation for new or improved terms. Prenegotiation stage As part of prenegotiation dynamics, each side measures the other's capabilities and desires. Then the first step is a decision as to whether or not to negotiate at all. In general, each party should feel compelled to see the need for negotiation; it can be created by various events and other circumstances. The example of Panama's negotiation with the United States below demonstrates how a weaker party can take advantage of a catalytic event to force a much stronger party to see the need to redress their grievances.
Does Nasal Surgery Affect Voice Outcomes? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses.

Objectives:Changes in airflow dynamics after nasal surgery may have implications on voice quality. Multiple studies have evaluated the impact of nasal surgery on voice using heterogeneous outcome m...
A Study on the Effect of Milling on Stress Distributions in Asphalt Pavements

Milling is an indispensable process in recycling of asphalt pavements. The process involves the fracture and removal of asphalt mix under high stress and rapid loading conditions. An understanding of milling induced stress is important for avoiding or reducing the impact on pavements below the milling line and to optimize the milling process. The objectives of this research were to develop a finite element model of the milling process and estimate stress distributions under different milling conditions. Milling of a fine and a coarse graded Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) and a Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) were modeled for different milling speeds and depths. The results indicate significantly high milling induced stresses below the milling line. Gradation of mixes, interface and milling speeds have significant effect on stiffness and hence stress distributions and maximum stresses. The inference is that the depth of milling should be decided on the basis of existing conditions which include layer depths, location of interface, strength of bond between the layers, type of mix, temperature of mix and milling speed (drum rotation speed). To avoid high stress related damage to remaining pavement layers, milling to partial depth of a layer should be avoided. Research is needed to evaluate changes to the structural condition of remaining pavement due to milling.