cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Regression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Right Atrial Extension After Sorafenib and Transarterial Chemoembolization

A 57-year-old man with a past medical history of hepatitis B infection presented for evaluation of a liver mass found on surveillance abdominal ultrasound. On history and physical examination, he was a healthy-looking man with no pertinent signs or symptoms of abdominal pain, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, or lower-extremity swelling. Laboratory results included the following: alanine aminotransferase level, 60 U/L; total bilirubin level, 1.2 mg/dL; serum albumin level, 4.5 g/dL; prothrombin time, 11.1 s; and international normalized ratio, 1.1. His -fetoprotein level was 5 ng/mL. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen with gadolinium contrast showed a 7.3-cm hypervascular mass with washout consistent with hepatocellular carcinoma occupying segments 7 and 8 of the right lobe of the liver with tumor thrombus invasion (Figure A, arrow) into the right hepatic vein, inferior vena cava, and right atrium. The patient underwent selective transarterial chemoembolization consisting of Lipiodol (Guerbet LLC, Bloomington, IN), cisplatin (100 mg), doxorubicin (50 mg), and mitomycin (10 mg), with particle embolization (300 –500 m embospheres) of the
Atatürk in the Nazi Imagination

Many readers of Turkish Studies will find the title of this volume provocative. While Ataturk was a contemporary of Hitler, the two have dramatically contrasting legacies. Ataturk is upheld, in the...
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Novoste Right Versus Judkins Catheters for Engagement of the Right Coronary Artery During Diagnostic Catheterization

There has been little technical advancement in catheter shape for diagnostic cardiac catheterization since the early reports of Sones and colleagues during the development of the procedure. In order to determine the utility of a new catheter that directly, without torque or rotation, engages the right coronary artery (RCA), one hundred patients were randomized between 6Fr standard RCA Judkins (6Fr R4) (Cordis Corporation, Miami, FL, USA) or 6Fr Novoste RCA catheters (Novoste Corporation, Aguadilla, Puerto Rico). Endpoints included the duration of the various aspects of the procedure and a qualitative and quantitative assessment of angiographic quality. The Novoste RCA catheters were associated with statistically decreased times of catheter insertion (42 ± 37 vs 90 ± 119 secs), and engagement (31 ± 35 vs 77 ± 117 secs), of the right coronary artery as compared to Judkins catheters. Judkins RCA catheters had a significantly higher primary success rate (96%) than the Novoste group (84%, P = 0.045). There was no difference in angiographic quality in either group and no complications occurred during the study. While taller patients (mean 68 in) had increased success with the Novoste catheter, no other clinical, demographic, or anatomical characteristics of the RCA orifice predicted successful engagement and angiography. The direct engagement Novoste RCA catheter is associated with a more expeditious procedure than Judkins catheters when they can engage the RCA orifice. However, Novoste catheters were less successful and required more frequent exchanges to complete the procedure. (J Interven Cardiol 1993; 6:213–218)
Proteins from extremophiles as stable tools for advanced biotechnological applications of high social interest

Extremophiles are micro-organisms adapted to survive in ecological niches defined as ‘extreme’ for humans and characterized by the presence of adverse environmental conditions, such as high or low temperatures, extreme values of pH, high salt concentrations or high pressure. Biomolecules isolated from extremophiles possess extraordinary properties and, in particular, proteins isolated from extremophiles represent unique biomolecules that function under severe conditions, comparable to those prevailing in various industrial processes. In this article, we will review some examples of recent applications of thermophilic proteins for the development of a new class of fluorescence non-consuming substrate biosensors for monitoring the levels of two analytes of high social interest, such as glucose and sodium.
Consumer-Generated Ads: Does Awareness of Advertising Co-Creation Help or Hurt Persuasion?:

Abstract Companies increasingly involve consumers in the process of developing advertising and other marketing actions. An important question that has not been explored is whether brands benefit from communicating to consumers who had not been involved in the co-creation process that a target ad was developed by a fellow consumer. The authors propose a skepticism–identification model of ad creator influence, which hypothesizes that disclosing to an audience that an ad was created by a consumer triggers two opposing effects: skepticism about the competence of the ad creator and identification with the ad creator. Four studies demonstrate that the effectiveness of disclosing advertising co-creation depends on factors that hinder skepticism and heighten identification with the ad creator. Specifically, attributing the ad to a consumer is shown to increase persuasion when the audience (1) has limited cognitive resources to scrutinize the message, (2) is given background information about the ad creator that e...
RFID based localization for a miniaturized robotic platform for wireless protocols evaluation

The proliferation of wireless-enabled portable computing devices has spurred a growing need for efficient and powerful networking protocols. The key challenge in the development of robust wireless networking protocols is an ability to conduct effective and efficient evaluation of the protocol in order to ensure its successful working in real-world settings. We proposed MiNT-2, a fresh re-design of the original MiNT framework developed at Stony Brook University. One of the fundamental requirements of MiNT-2 is to provide location awareness of all the nodes within the network. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology in order to carry out localization of the mobile nodes within the system. We also demonstrate the application of the localization system of constructing different scenarios for wireless protocols evaluation.
Fathers' depression related to positive and negative parenting behaviors with 1-year-old children.

Objective: To examine the associations between depression in fathers of 1-year-old children and specific positive and negative parenting behaviors discussed by pediatric providers at well-child visits. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional secondary analysis by using interview data from 1746 fathers of 1-year-old children in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Positive parenting behaviors included fathers9 reports of playing games, singing songs, and reading stories to their children ≥3 days in a typical week. Negative parenting behavior included fathers9 reports of spanking their 1-year-old children in the previous month. Depression was assessed by using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form. Weighted bivariate and multivariate analyses of parenting behaviors were performed while controlling for demographics and paternal substance abuse. Results: Overall, 7% of fathers had depression. In bivariate analyses, depressed fathers were more likely than nondepressed fathers to report spanking their 1-year-old children in the previous month (41% compared with 13%; P Conclusions: Paternal depression is associated with parenting behaviors relevant to well-child visits. Pediatric providers should consider screening fathers for depression, discussing specific parenting behaviors (eg, reading to children and appropriate discipline), and referring for treatment if appropriate.
The impact of the family and medical leave act

This article uses data from employer surveys and the March Current Population Survey to investigate the impact of the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) on coverage, leave-taking, employment, and earnings. The variation in state laws prior to the FMLA and the variation in coverage under the FMLA provides a “natural experiment” in which the effect of the law can be compared for treatment and con-trol groups. Although the FMLA covers less than half of workers in the private sector (many of whom already had coverage pre-FMLA), this article finds that leave cover-age and usage did increase post-FMLA. The other surprising finding is that this mandated benefit had no significant negative effects on women's employment or wages. ©1999 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Relationships between tissue dilatation and differentiation in distraction osteogenesis

Mechanical factors modulate the morphogenesis and regeneration of mesenchymally derived tissues via processes mediated by the extracellular matrix (ECM). In distraction osteogenesis, large volumes of new bone are created through discrete applications of tensile displacement across an osteotomy gap. Although many studies have characterized the matrix, cellular and molecular biology of distraction osteogenesis, little is known about relationships between these biological phenomena and the local physical cues generated by distraction. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to characterize the local physical environment created within the osteotomy gap during long bone distraction osteogenesis. Using a computational approach, we quantified spatial and temporal profiles of three previously identified mechanical stimuli for tissue differentiation–pressure, tensile strain and fluid flow–as well as another candidate stimulus–tissue dilatation (volumetric strain). Whereas pressure and fluid velocity throughout the regenerate decayed to less than 31% of initial values within 20 min following distraction, tissue dilatation increased with time, reaching steady state values as high as 43% strain. This dilatation created large reductions and large gradients in cell and ECM densities. When combined with previous findings regarding the effects of strain and of cell and ECM densities on cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, these results indicate two mechanisms by which tissue dilatation may be a key stimulus for bone regeneration: (1) stretching of cells and (2) altering cell and ECM densities. These results are used to suggest experiments that can provide a more mechanistic understanding of the role of tissue dilatation in bone regeneration.
Evolutionary changes of the target sites of two microRNAs encoded in the Hox gene cluster of Drosophila and other insect species.

MicroRNAs (miRs) are noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In animals, the target sites of a miR are generally located in the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of messenger RNAs. However, how the target sites change during evolution is largely unknown. MiR-iab-4 and miR-iab-4as are known to regulate the expression of two Hox genes, Abd-A and Ubx, in Drosophila melanogaster. We have therefore studied the evolutionary changes of these two miR genes and their target sites of the Hox genes in Drosophila, other insect species, and Daphnia. Our homology search identified a single copy of each miR gene located in the same genomic position of the Hox gene cluster in all species examined. The seed nucleotide sequence was also the same for all species. Searching for the target sites in all Hox genes, we found several target sites of miR-iab-4 and miR-iab-4as in Antp in addition to Abd-A and Ubx in most insect species examined. Our phylogenetic analysis of target sites in Abd-A, Ubx, and Antp showed that the old target sites, which existed before the divergence of the 12 Drosophila species, have been well maintained in most species under purifying selection. By contrast, new target sites, which were generated during Drosophila evolution, were often lost in some species and mostly located in unalignable regions of the 3′ UTRs. These results indicate that these regions can be a potential source of generating new target sites, which results in multiple target genes for each miR in animals.
Integrating databases and workflow systems

There has been an information explosion in fields of science such as high energy physics, astronomy, environmental sciences and biology. There is a critical need for automated systems to manage scientific applications and data. Database technology is well-suited to handle several aspects of workflow management. Contemporary workflow systems are built from multiple, separately developed components and do not exploit the full power of DBMSs in handling data of large magnitudes. We advocate a holistic view of a WFMS that includes not only workflow modeling but planning, scheduling, data management and cluster management. Thus, it is worthwhile to explore the ways in which databases can be augmented to manage workflows in addition to data. We present a language for modeling workflows that is tightly integrated with SQL. Each scientific program in a workflow is associated with an active table or view. The definition of data products is in relational format, and invocation of programs and querying is done in SQL. The tight coupling between workflow management and data-manipulation is an advantage for data-intensive scientific programs.
Use of recombinant cell-permeable small peptides to modulate glucocorticoid sensitivity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones induce apoptosis in T-cell and pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. Steroid-mediated apoptosis requires a threshold level of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein, and increasing the intracellular GR levels in ALL cells would augment their hormone sensitivity. A protein transduction domain (PTD) approach was used to accomplish this. We produced an HIV Tat PTD domain fusion protein (Tat-GR 554-777) that potentially competes for the degradation of GR protein by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and should thus increase its intracellular levels by "stabilizing" the GR. We also designed a fusion peptide for the c-Myb DNA binding domain, Tat-c-Myb DBD, since the biological function of this peptide as a dominant negative inhibitor of the c-Myb protein was already known. Purified, bacterially expresssed Tat-c-Myb DBD and Tat-GR 554-777 exhibited highly efficient transduction into cultured ALL cell lines including 697 (pre-B-ALL) and CEM-C7 (T-ALL) cells. As expected, the transduced Tat-c-Myb DBD peptide inhibited steroid-mediated stimulation of a GR promoter-luciferase reporter gene. Significantly, transduced Tat-GR 554-777 effectively increased intracellular GR levels in the GC-resistant T-ALL cell line, CEM-C1, and in the pre-B-ALL 697 cell line. Furthermore, transduction of Tat-GR 554-777 rendered GC-resistant CEM-C1 cells sensitive to steroid killing and further sensitized 697 cells to steroid. The use of Tat-fusion peptide transduction may eventually lead to innovative therapeutic modalities to improve the clinical response of patients suffering from T-cell and pre-B-cell acute lympho- blastic leukemia by increasing steroid responsiveness and perhaps converting steroid-resistant leukemia to a hormone-responsive phenotype.
Evaluation of code generation strategies for scalar replaced codes in fine-grain configurable architectures

Fine-grain configurable architectures such as contemporary fieid-programmable gate-arrays (FPGAs) offer ample opportunities for data reuse through application-specific storage structures, making them an ideal target for memory-intensive image/signal processing computations. In this paper we explore the area and time trade-off in terms of configurable resources and overall wall-clock time of several implementation schemes that exploit opportunities for data reuse using scalar replacement in fine-grain FPGAs. The preliminary results, on a Xilinx Virtex FPGA device, reveal that rotation-based solutions combined with predicated accesses tend to lead to higher-quality designs.
On Social Credit and the Right to Be Unnetworked

Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you who you are. This ancient social philosophy is at the heart of a new financial technology system – social credit. In recent years, loosely regulated marketplace lenders have increasingly developed methods to rank individuals, including some traditionally considered unscored or credit-less. Specifically, some lenders built their score-generating algorithms around behavioral data gleaned from social media and social networking information, including the quantity and quality of social media presence, the identity and features of the applicant’s contacts, the applicant’s online social ties and interactions, the applicant’s contacts’ financial standing, the applicant’s personality attributes as extracted from her online footprints, and more.This Article studies the potential consequences of social credit systems predicated on a simple transaction: authorized use of highly personal information in return for better interest rates. Following a detailed description of emerging social credit systems, the Article analyzes the inclination of rational and irrational customers to be socially active online and/or disclose all their online social-related information for financial ranking purposes. This examination includes, inter alia, consumers’ preferences as well as mistakes, gamesmanship, and consumers’ self-doxing or lack thereof. The Article then moves to discuss policy challenges triggered by social-based financial ranking that may become the new creditworthiness baseline criteria. It focuses on (i) direct privacy harms to loan seekers, and derivative privacy harm to loan seekers’ online contacts or followers, (ii) online social segregation potentially mirrored by offline social polarization, and (iii) due process violations derived from algorithmic decision-making and unsupervised machine learning. The Article concludes by making a significant normative contribution, introducing a limited “right to be un-networked,” to accommodate the welcomed aspects of social credit systems while mitigating many of their undesired consequences.
Robert J. Pothier's Influence on the Common Law of Contract

The French author, Joseph Robert Pothier, had an enormous influence on the common law of contract. The whole structure of the Common Law of contracts and sales is based largely on Pothier's treatises on obligations and sales. The wisdom he passed on had its origins in ancient Rome but was reshaped by Aristotelian thinking in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, as well as the humanism of the Enlightenment. It is well known that and that he was the o inventor of the rule in Hadley v. Baxendale. It is less well known that his influence on the common law of contracts was far more wide ranging.
The Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model

This note discusses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and then applies the model to call options. The underlying logic of the model is emphasized and illustrated through the use of simple examples. The model is then applied using real data. The note pays particular attention to procedures for estimating the potential for stock-price changes (volatility). It also provides the reader with an appreciation of the economic underpinnings of the model as well as the ability to apply the model to real data.
Tokens with Power or Powerful Tokens? Women's Role and Representation in Five Presidential Cabinets

This paper brings together analysis from several chapters in our book project about representation of women in presidential cabinets. We utilize four benchmarks to evaluate whether genuine integration of women is occurring in presidential cabinets, comparing male and female ministers on: the types of posts they receive, modes of exit, how long ministers remain in their post and legislative activity. Our data set is comprised of 447 ministers (all men and women of full cabinet rank) in recent cabinets in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and the U.S. We find evidence that there is still a glass ceiling for women particularly regarding the Finance/Treasury post, but overall much of the evidence indicates that women are being integrated into the cabinet and that there appears to be equal treatment and that women and men are equally effective in performing their jobs at the highest level of the executive branch.
Review: Transferrin-Mediated Cellular Iron Uptake

The basic model for cellular uptake of iron relies on the iron-chelating protein transferrin (Tf), which is capable of binding iron under one set of conditions and releasing it under another set of conditions. Tf has specific membrane receptors on the surface of the cells that require iron. Tf-receptor binding is followed by internalization through a system of coated pits and vesicles. The rapid decline of pH of these vesicles leads to release and sequestration of iron by the cell. Apotransferrin-receptor complex returns to the cell surface, where, under neutral pH conditions, apotransferrin is dissociated. Other models for cellular uptake of iron include extraction of iron from Tf on the cell surface without internalization, uptake by adsorptive mechanism, and fluid-phase endocytosis. Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology, gene cloning, and monoclonal antibody technique have elucidated many features of these processes at a molecular level. These advances are reviewed and prospects for future work discussed.
Representative Mission Trade Studies For Low-Thrust Transfers To Geosynchronous Orbit

Exploratory mission trade studies were performed in a case study of a hypothetical lowthrust transfer to geosynchronous orbit. The reference case, which includes a launch phase, chemical phase, and electric phase, and the associated trade studies are realistic and representative of currently feasible missions that use low-thrust technology. Important realistic mission constraints that have a strong influence on the results are a lower bound on the electric phase start orbit perigee altitude, a maximum tolerated electric phase duration, and target geosynchronous orbit inclination and ascending node. A new tool developed as part of a research and development project was used to perform the mission studies. This tool optimizes the combined launch, chemical and electric phases, and enforces the mission constraints. Four mission trade studies were performed: selection of launch injection apogee altitude, determination of required launch capacity, implementation of ascending node steering during the electric phase, and selection of thruster power level. Results obtained from the case study are significant and qualitatively applicable to currently realizable lowthrust transfers to geosynchronous orbit.
On conjugate elements in a semigroup and semigroup diagrams

Semigroup derivation diagrams provide a geometric model for when a pair of positive words represent the same element of a semigroup S given by a semigroup presentation $$P=\langle X \, \vert \, R\rangle $$ . They are analogous to Lyndon-van Kampen group diagrams that model words representing the identity element in a group G. One key property of semigroup derivation diagrams is that they contain no internal vertices of either in-degree zero or out-degree zero. In this note we introduce classes of annular semigroup diagrams which also have, or nearly have, this key property. For our principal results, we use these (restricted) classes of annular semigroup diagrams to model some versions of conjugacy in semigroups. This is, intentionally, a semigroup analogue of the annular group diagrams first used by Paul Schupp to model conjugacy over presentations for a group.
The new total Western diet for rodents does not induce an overweight phenotype or alter parameters of metabolic syndrome in mice

In this study, we determined the impact of the total Western diet (TWD) for rodents and its macro- and micronutrient components on weight gain and biomarkers of metabolic function in mice compared to a 45% fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) diet and the standard AIN93G diet. We hypothesized that mice fed the TWD would have increased body fat with indicators of metabolic syndrome similar to mice consuming the DIO diet. As expected, DIO-fed mice acquired a metabolic syndrome phenotype typified by increased energy intake, increased body weight gain, increased fat mass, higher fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and higher plasma leptin relative to the AIN93G diet. Mice fed a macronutrient-modified (MM) diet (with standard vitamin and mineral composition) had a similar response, albeit to a lesser degree than mice fed the DIO diet. Mice fed a vitamin- and mineral-modified diet (with standard macronutrient composition) were not different from mice fed the AIN93G diet. Surprisingly, the TWD (with modified macronutrients, vitamins and minerals) did not significantly affect any of these parameters, despite the fact that the TWD macronutrient profile was identical to the MM diet. These data suggest that, in the context of the TWD, vitamin and mineral intakes in mice that reflect a Western dietary pattern inhibit the hyperphagia and resulting increased weight gain associated with the higher fat content of the TWD. In conclusion, these observations underscore the need to consider the influence of micronutrient intakes in pre-clinical models of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Selective Intraarterial Vasopressin in the Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Recent reports of selective intraarterial vasopressin or epinephrine therapy in upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, primarily variceal, have suggested that this technique is extremely effective and free of hazard. During the past 2 years we have used intraarterial vasopressin in 35 patients, one-third of whom were bleeding from esophageal varices and two-thirds from a variety of upper gastrointestinal sites. Hemorrhage from esophageal varices was controlled in 79% by the administration of vasopressin into the superior mesenteric artery. Vasopressin infusion into the celiac axis or superselectively into its branches was effective in 82% of the episodes of nonvariceal bleeding. Simultaneous celiac and superior mesenteric arterial infusions were sometimes required to control bleeding. Infectious, cardiorespiratory, or vascular complications were observed in more than one-third of the patients. Spontaneous peritonitis and catheter-associated bacteremia were infectious complications which can probably be prevented by vasopressin infusions of shorter duration. Cardiac arrest, arrythmias, and other signs of systemic vasopressin effect are presumably preventable by slower rates of infusion. Extensive small bowel necrosis was encountered in 1 patient. Minor peripheral vascular complications were occasionally observed. Although these studies suggest that vasopressin is effective therapy, prospective controlled clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of this new therapeutic tool in stopping hemorrhage and in improving survival.
Case XV: Hand Weakness 3

A 41-year-old male complains of weakness and atrophy of the right hand for 5 months. There is no pain, tingling, or numbness. He also noticed clawing of the little finger. The patient is otherwise healthy without significant PMH. Motor examination revealed weakness of his adductor pollicis 4+, ADQ 3, lumbricals to the 4th and 5th digits 4, and IO 3. The remaining muscle groups are 5/5. He had a Tinel’s sign over the right carpal tunnel and the ulnar n at the elbow.
Simple cysts of the testis in children: preoperative diagnosis by ultrasound and excision with testicular preservation.

Abstract We report on 2 children with simple cysts of the testis who were treated with excision and testicular preservation. To our knowledge both cases represent the first report of conservative surgery for these lesions in children. In 1 case the diagnosis of a simple intratesticular cyst was made by ultrasound. This patient was followed conservatively until enlargement resulted in excision of the cyst with preservation of the gonad. In the other case the diagnosis was made intraoperatively and simple excision of the lesion with testicular sparing was performed. High resolution real-time ultrasound should be performed routinely for all suspected testicular masses in children. Benign testicular tumors are more common than in adults and ultrasound may permit identification of lesions that can be excised locally with testicular preservation. Should the diagnosis of a simple, small intratesticular cyst be made by ultrasound regular followup may be appropriate. Should enlargement occur surgical excision can be done with the possibility of gonadal preservation.
Die Chicago School of Sociology

Bei der Chicago School of Sociology handelt es sich um einen soziologischen Arbeitszusammenhang an der University of Chicago, der in den ersten Jahrzehnten des 20. Jahrhunderts eine weltweit fuhrende und bis heute richtungsweisende Rolle bei der Verbindung von theoretischen Grundpositionen des Interpretativen Paradigmas mit (qualitativer) empirischer Sozialforschung in grosstadtischen Kontexten inne hatte. Zum Verstandnis dieser Soziologie-schule, ihrer Anliegen, Fragestellungen und Vorgehensweisen ist die Kenntnis des zeitgeschichtlichen Hintergrundes ihres Wirkens durchaus hilfreich. Er wird deswegen nachfolgend in Kap. 2.1 erlautert. Die theoretischen Grundlegungen sowie exemplarische empirische Untersuchungen der Chicagoer Soziologie sind dann Gegenstand von Kap. 2.2. Abschliesend folgt eine kurze Bilanzierung ihrer Bedeutung (Kap. 2.3).
Organization and Hyperevolution of Rust Resistance Genes in Maize

The genetics of the “gene-for-gene” interaction between disease resistance loci of plants and avirulence genes of pathogens was first characterized in detail by Flor [1, 2]. These studies suggested that the role of this abundant class of resistance (R) genes is in the recognition of the presence of the pathogen, leading to activation of biochemical defense activities. Providing support for this recognition/signaling role, the first “gene-for-gene” R locus to be molecularly cloned, Pto of tomato [3], has been found to encode a serine/threonine kinase like those known to be involved in other signal transduction processes.
Mobile information management and retrieval

The number of "smart" mobile devices such as wireless phones and tablet computers has been rapidly growing. These mobile devices are equipped with a variety of sensors such as camera, gyroscope, accelerometer, compass, NFC, WiFi, GPS, etc. These sensors can be used to capture images and voice, detect motion patterns, and predict locations, to name just a few. This keynote depicts techniques in configuration, calibration, computation, and fusion for improving sensor performance and conserving power consumption. Novel information management and retrieval applications that can benefit a great deal from enhanced sensor technologies are also presented. Furthermore, the Mobile 2014 research program coordinated by Google Research in China has been funding research projects related to mobile locationbased service since 2010. This program has granted several research awards to universities in the US and Asia to conduct work in sensor signal fusion, location-based data service, peer-to-peer protocols, privacy-preserved data mining, and applications assisted by inertial navigation systems. Highlights of this program are enumerated to motivate research into advancing mobile information management and retrieval.
The Langerhans cell, as a representative of the accessory cell system, in health and disease.

Abstract Cell surface receptors and antigens present on Langerhans' cells (LC) suggest a close relationship between LC and interdigitating cells (IDC) in lymph node sections or lymphoid dendritic cells (LDC) in cell suspensions. One of the reported differences is that Fc receptors (FcR) which are present on LC, are absent on LDC. This difference can at least partly be explained by a laboratory artefact: FcR on murine LC are irreversibly modulated by the Ig that contaminates the bovine albumin commonly used for gradients. Furthermore, the demonstration of FcR on murine LC requires prolonged exposure to EA at 4°C. A significant percentage of nonadherent, low density, Ig - lymph node cells also express such FcR. These cells can stimulate syngeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions as can LC isolated from epidermis. Consideration of LC as cutaneous representatives of the accessory cell system led to an investigation of their numbers in epidermal sheets of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A marked reduction in Ia + , ATPase + , OKT6 + LC was found as compared to controls, suggesting that accessory cell deficiency may play a role in the extreme immunodeficiency seen in AIDS patients.
Quaternized aryl ether-free polyaromatics for alkaline membrane fuel cells: synthesis, properties, and performance – a topical review

Quaternized aryl ether-free polyaromatics are an important family of polymer electrolytes for alkaline membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) due to their outstanding alkaline stability. In this review, state-of-the-art quaternized aryl ether-free polyaromatics are discussed with respect to their synthesis and preparation. The mechanical and electrochemical properties and alkaline stability of the polyaromatics that impact AMFC performance and durability are discussed in comparison with aryl ether-containing polyaromatic and polyolefinic electrolytes. Their performance in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) is discussed with emphasis on the area specific resistance and phenyl group adsorption on hydrogen oxidation catalysts. The AMFC performance of MEAs employing state-of-the-art aryl ether-free polyaromatics is compared with those employing polyolefins and aryl ether-containing polyaromatics. Finally, the limitations and outlook of quaternized aryl ether-free polyaromatics are briefly summarized.
Relation of Elevated Resting Heart Rate in Mid-Life to Cognitive Decline Over 20 Years (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities [ARIC] Study)

Resting heart rate (RHR) is independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We determined whether RHR, measured in mid-life, is also associated with cognitive decline. We studied 13,720 middle-aged white and black ARIC participants without a history of stroke or atrial fibrillation. RHR was obtained from a 12-lead resting electrocardiogram at the baseline visit (1990 to 1992) and categorized into groups as
Ultra-high energy neutrino-nucleon scattering and gluon saturation

Ultra-high energy neutrinos are an enigma; among their many poorly understood aspects are their origins and how they interact with nucleons when they reach the Earth. Due to the hard scale (Q ∼ MW,...
Identification of Retinal Vascular Lesions Using Ultra-Widefield Angiography in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Patients.

Purpose To determine the presence and to characterize location of retinal vascular lesions in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Design Prospective cross-sectional pilot descriptive study. Participants Eighteen patients (age range, 22–65 years) with a clinical diagnosis of HHT. Methods Patients completed the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire and underwent a single study visit with dilated ophthalmic examination, OCT angiography (OCTA), and fluorescein angiography (FA) with widefield imaging. Main Outcome Measures Presence of retinal vascular abnormalities in 1 or more quadrants identified on widefield FA, Visual Function Questionnaire scores, retinal vessel architecture on FA and OCTA, and dilated ophthalmic examination findings. Results Of the 18 patients recruited, fine telangiectatic vessels with capillary dilation and tortuosity were identified in 78% by FA imaging. Conclusions In the first FA and OCTA analysis of the retina of unrelated HHT patients, we found a high rate of temporal and nasal telangiectasias. These telangiectasias were more apparent in older patients, suggesting that they may appear in later stages of HHT development. No abnormalities of the macular vasculature and architecture were identified, explaining the generally well-preserved visual acuity. Temporal and nasal telangiectasias may have clinical significance in a patient’s risk for retinal hemorrhage and likely warrant periodic surveillance by annual FA imaging.
SNP located in an AluJb repeat downstream of TMCO1, rs4657473, is protective for POAG in African Americans

Aims To determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) downstream from the TMCO1 gene with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in African Americans (AA). Methods AA subjects were recruited for the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study from the Scheie Eye Institute and its satellite sites in Philadelphia. A region containing an AluJb repeat and seven SNPs, including rs4656461 near the TMCO1 gene, were PCR-Sanger sequenced from POAAGG cases (n=1537) and controls (n=1570). Association between POAG and SNPs near TMCO1 was investigated by logistic regression analysis. Phenotypic trait associations with these SNPs were assessed by analysis of variance. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to assess the affinity of human T-box 5 (TBX5) protein for a predicted binding motif in the TMCO1 region. Dual Luciferase assays were performed by transfecting recombinant plasmids containing the region surrounding the above SNPs in HEK293T and trabecular meshwork cells. Results The SNP rs4657473 (C>T) was associated with POAG; the TT genotype was protective (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.42; p Conclusion Our results demonstrate that a SNP downstream of TMCO1, rs4657473, is associated with POAG in an AA population. Our studies suggest a regulatory role for the previously POAG-associated locus near the TMCO1 gene that may affect gene expression.
A functional Epo-EpoR axis modulates the growth and survival of prostate cancer cells

5094 A growing number of reports have identified erythropoietin receptors (EpoR) on a variety of cancer-derived cell lines and primary cancer cells, including those of prostate cancer (CaP). However, the functional status of the EpoR on cancer cells remains a matter of some dispute. The publication of several large clinical trials suggesting a direct effect of erythropoietin (Epo) on the growth and survival of primary tumors adds further importance to the question of whether the EpoR on cancer cells are functional. We have reported previously that human prostate cancer (CaP) cell lines and primary prostate cancer cells express functional EpoR and that exogenous Epo stimulates increased cell proliferation and STAT5 phosphorylation (Feldman et al 2006, The Prostate 66:135). Moreover, we have demonstrated that Epo stimulates the growth of CaP cell colonies in soft agar culture in a dose-dependent manner. Soft agar colony formation is considered to be an in vitro model for predicted in vivo tumorigenicity of cancer cells, suggesting that Epo may stimulate the growth of prostate tumors in vivo. We now demonstrate 1) that chronic Epo-treatment of prostate cancer cells results in cells with increased resistance to docetaxel and 2) that each of the transformed and tumorigenic prostate cancer cell lines that we have examined expresses high levels of the Epo gene and produces biologically active Epo endogenously. The co-expression of functional receptor and biologically-active ligand in the cells has led us to hypothesize that an autocrine-paracrine mechanism, driven by endogenous Epo, may play a significant role in the growth and progression of prostate cancer. To test our hypothesis we have knocked-down the EpoR on CaP cells (=EpoRKD) by stable transfection with shRNAs and have isolated several clonal populations of EpoRKD cells. The cells that lack EpoR expression grow significantly more slowly than their EpoR-bearing counterparts in monolayer culture and produce fewer, smaller colonies in soft agar. Further, the EpoRKD cells neither respond to exogenous Epo mitogenically nor exhibit Epo-induced signaling. Taken together, our data support the coordinated regulation of a functional Epo-EpoR axis in CaP cells that is integral to the growth and progression of prostate cancer. The identification of a functional Epo - EpoR axis on CaP cells introduces the EpoR as a novel therapeutic target in CaP and may suggest the potential need for re-evaluation of the use of rhEpo as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in at least some CaP patients.
La lógica y sus aplicaciones: ¿platonismo o no-platonismo?

En este articulo examinamos la aplicacion de la logica desde dos concepciones filosoficas opuestas y evaluamos comparativamente sus meritos. La primera es una concepcion monista platonista, que caracteriza la relacion de consecuencia logica como una relacion abstracta entre proposiciones. Esta propuesta, que insiste en el tema de la neutralidad, armoniza muy bien con la objetividad que naturalmente le atribuimos a la logica. Desde esta perspectiva, la neutralidad de la logica garantizaria que no haya restricciones derivadas de temas particulares, siendo asi, un sistema universal y, por tanto, aplicable a contextos variables. En contraste, presentamos una concepcion pluralista no-platonista, que caracteriza la variedad de relaciones de consecuencia logica como algo concreto, dependiente del contexto, involucrado en casos particulares y dependiente de temas. Esta concepcion no requiere de la suposicion de entidades que pueden parecer altamente misteriosas, por lo que encuentra un camino adecuado para explicar las aplicaciones logicas. Concluimos que, dado que cada postura tiene sus propias virtudes explicativas, el debate ontologico debera dirimirse apelando a un analisis que considere tambien otras instancias ademas de la cuestion de las aplicaciones de la logica.
Wrex: A Unified Programming-by-Example Interaction for Synthesizing Readable Code for Data Scientists

Data wrangling is a difficult and time-consuming activity in computational notebooks, and existing wrangling tools do not fit the exploratory workflow for data scientists in these environments. We propose a unified interaction model based on programming-by-example that generates readable code for a variety of useful data transformations, implemented as a Jupyter notebook extension called Wrex. User study results demonstrate that data scientists are significantly more effective and efficient at data wrangling with Wrex over manual programming. Qualitative participant feedback indicates that Wrex was useful and reduced barriers in having to recall or look up the usage of various data transform functions. The synthesized code allowed data scientists to verify the intended data transformation, increased their trust and confidence in Wrex, and fit seamlessly within their cell-based notebook workflows. This work suggests that presenting readable code to professional data scientists is an indispensable component of offering data wrangling tools in notebooks.
The development of evaluation in cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of syndrome caused by a non-progressive brain injury that occurs from before birth to 28 days after birth. The principal symptoms of CP are abnormal centrocinesia and irregular posture, or accompanied by intelligence disorders, seizures, dystropy, sensory impairments and other dysfunctions. To evaluate the function of children with cerebral palsy can assess disfuction level,judge clinical classification, estimate prognosis, and more importantly guide to establish treatment plan and evaluate therapeutic efficacy. At present, there are no unified standards to evaluate CP at home and abroad, So this article will overview evaluation methods of CP commonly used in recent years. Key words: Cerebral Palsy; Evaluation
A general-purpose Monte Carlo particle transport code based on inverse transform sampling for radiotherapy dose calculation.

The Monte Carlo (MC) method is widely used to solve various problems in radiotherapy. There has been an impetus to accelerate MC simulation on GPUs whereas thread divergence remains a major issue for MC codes based on acceptance-rejection sampling. Inverse transform sampling has the potential to eliminate thread divergence but it is only implemented for photon transport. Here, we report a MC package Particle Transport in Media (PTM) to demonstrate the implementation of coupled photon-electron transport simulation using inverse transform sampling. Rayleigh scattering, Compton scattering, photo-electric effect and pair production are considered in an analogous manner for photon transport. Electron transport is simulated in a class II condensed history scheme, i.e., catastrophic inelastic scattering and Bremsstrahlung events are simulated explicitly while subthreshold interactions are subject to grouping. A random-hinge electron step correction algorithm and a modified PRESTA boundary crossing algorithm are employed to improve simulation accuracy. Benchmark studies against both EGSnrc simulations and experimental measurements are performed for various beams, phantoms and geometries. Gamma indices of the dose distributions are better than 99.6% for all the tested scenarios under the 2%/2 mm criteria. These results demonstrate the successful implementation of inverse transform sampling in coupled photon-electron transport simulation.
It’s a beautiful day in the neighborhood: Overcoming barriers regarding children’s mental health against help-seeking via community social capital

One in five children suffers from mental illness, yet estimates suggest that for various reasons, 50%-70% of these children are not receiving sufficient care. This study examines how mental illness...
Opioid Literacy of Korean Americans in Rural Alabama: Addressing the Role of Social Determinants of Health:

Introduction:Opioid crisis has disproportionately affected Alabamians with the highest opioid prescription rate, and it is subjected to affect Korean Americans (KA) negatively based on common predi...
Controlling overt subjects in Mandarin

Overt controlees have been observed in different languages, and previous proposals diverge in whether to analyze them as lexicalized PROs or not. In this study, I present new evidence from Mandarin for non-PRO overt controlees in finite control. This study also demonstrates a structural difference between exhaustive control and partial control, where the partial reading arises from an associative morpheme, thus providing new perspectives for PC theories.
Minimally Invasive Quad Harvest with Endoscopic Closure and Preparation with Fiber Tag Augmented Adjustable Loop Buttons

The quadriceps tendon has recently become a very popular option for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL). Minimally invasive approaches are one of the many advantages to quad tendon graft use. One of the difficulties with a small incision for graft harvest is assuring appropriate proximal closure. In this technique, we use the arthroscope endoscopically to view the quadriceps donor site proximally through a small incision and a Scorpion (Arthrex Inc., Naples) device to close our proximal quad harvest. We also describe an updated preparation of the quad tendon autograft with a Fiber Tag Tightrope (Arthrex Inc., Naples) and the Fiber Tag ABS (Arthrex Inc., Naples). These implants have Fiber Tag incorporated to the suspensory complex which creates a stable construct and allows for a faster incorporation into the quad tendon with a slotted clamp. Together these updates to the preparation and harvest of quadriceps tendon autograft should make this ACL construct more reproducible and decrease donor site morbidity respectively.