cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Or-parallelism in natural language parsing

We report on a series of simulation experiments for a large-scale natural language processing system. The results indicate that an or-parallel, all solutions search provides substantial speed-up (20-30 fold) for this application. Longer sentences show relatively greater speed-up, with parse times that increase linearly with sentence length, given a sufficient number of processors. These results have been obtained using a simple, application-specific model of independent, non-communicating or-parallel processes in a shared memory environment. Simulations run with a range of overhead costs show significant benefits from parallel processing with per-process overheads ranging as high as the median process size; our estimates of overhead times are substantially smaller than median process size.
Using wearable sensors to measure motor abilities following stroke

Motor abilities of stroke survivors are often severely affected. Post-stroke rehabilitation is guided by the use of clinical assessments of motor abilities. Clinical assessment scores can be predicted by models based on features extracted from the wearable sensor data. Wearable sensors would allow monitoring of subjects in the home and provide accurate assessments to guide the rehabilitation process. We propose the use of a wearable sensor system to assess the motor abilities of stroke victims. Preliminary results from twelve subjects show the ability of this system to predict clinical scores of motor abilities.
Devising Collective Knowledges for the Technical Writing Classroom: A Course-Based Approach to Using Web 2.0 Writing Technologies in Collaborative Work

Technical and professional writing pedagogies have traditionally understood collaborative writing as an aggregate, cooperative venture between writers and subject matter experts. In contrast, this tutorial argues that Web 2.0 technologies offer technical and professional communication pedagogies more advantageous conceptions and practices of collaborative writing. The tutorial analyzes how new media technologies create a different collaborative writing environment and then discusses how these environments help collaborative writing methods create an alternative writing situation. The study concludes by examining the outcomes of student Web 2.0 research projects and by offering technical and professional writing instructors new pedagogical strategies for teaching collaborative writing.
Morphological Integration of Soft-Tissue Facial Morphology in Down Syndrome and Siblings

Down syndrome (DS), resulting from trisomy of chromosome 21, is the most common live-born human aneuploidy. The phenotypic expression of trisomy 21 produces variable, though characteristic, facial morphology. Although certain facial features have been documented quantitatively and qualitatively as characteristic of DS (e.g., epicanthic folds, macroglossia, and hypertelorism), all of these traits occur in other craniofacial conditions with an underlying genetic cause. We hypothesize that the typical DS face is integrated differently than the face of non-DS siblings, and that the pattern of morphological integration unique to individuals with DS will yield information about underlying developmental associations between facial regions. We statistically compared morphological integration patterns of immature DS faces (N = 53) with those of non-DS siblings (N = 54), aged 6-12 years using 31 distances estimated from 3D coordinate data representing 17 anthropometric landmarks recorded on 3D digital photographic images. Facial features are affected differentially in DS, as evidenced by statistically significant differences in integration both within and between facial regions. Our results suggest a differential affect of trisomy on facial prominences during craniofacial development.
Small RNAs and Small Proteins Involved in Resistance to Cell Envelope Stress and Acid Shock in Escherichia coli: Analysis of a Bar-Coded Mutant Collection

More than 80 small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) and 60 proteins of 16 to 50 amino acids (small proteins) are encoded in the Escherichia coli genome. The vast majority of the corresponding genes have no known function. We screened 125 DNA bar-coded mutants to identify novel cell envelope stress and acute acid shock phenotypes associated with deletions of genes coding for sRNAs and small proteins. Nine deletion mutants (ssrA, micA, ybaM, ryeF, yqcG, sroH, ybhT, yobF, and glmY) were sensitive to cell envelope stress and two were resistant (rybB and blr). Deletion mutants of genes coding for four small proteins (yqgB, mgrB, yobF, and yceO) were sensitive to acute acid stress. We confirmed each of these phenotypes in one-on-one competition assays against otherwise-wild-type lacZ mutant cells. A more detailed investigation of the SsrA phenotype suggests that ribosome release is critical for resistance to cell envelope stress. The bar-coded deletion collection we generated can be screened for sensitivity or resistance to virtually any stress condition.
Microfluidic Patterning of Cellular Biopolymer Matrices

Due to the complex structures of living systems, the use of microtechnology to recreate in vivo architecture has exciting potential applications. Living tissues maintain a well-organized three-dimensional (3-D) architecture, with “micro” and “nano” scale features. Microtechnologies offer the new possibility of designing and building sensors and devices in dimensional scales close to that of living tissues.1–2 However, most available microscale systems are two-dimensional, and few 3-D systems are being explored. Therefore, we have developed a versatile technique to create a 3-D microscale hierarchical system for cells and biopolymers. By taking advantage of the contraction of hydrogel matrix biopolymers, one can achieve multiple layers of cells within biopolymers using microchannels, and eventually form a hierarchical layered microstructure of cells and biopolymer. Pressure-driven microfluidics using a syringe pump (Harvard Apparatus, Model 11‘) was applied to transport cells within matrix biopolymers thro...
Controlled-release dispensing system for 3,2-MCH, antiaggregative pheromone of the Douglas-fir beetle (Col.: Scolyt.)

Polyethylene envelopes containing 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one sorbed on filter paper were tested as a deployment technique to prevent attack by Dendroctonus pseudotsugae on single trees or groups of trees of high value. Test logs were protected by all three release rates tested, estimated at 0.46–0.12 mg/hr. Zusammenfassung Kontrolliertes Freigabesystem von anti-attraktivem Pheromon 3,2-MCH des Douglasien-Borkenkafers Das anti-attraktive Pheromon des Douglasien-Borkenkafers, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (kurz 3,2-MCH genannt), wurde in Filterpapier absorbiert und in Polyathylenumschlagen eingeschlossen, in Freilandversuchen als eine kontrollierte Freigabetechnik gegen den Befall einzelner wertvoller Baume (in Parkanlagen etc.) durch den Kafer getestet. Das Pheromon wurde in drei verschiedenen Freigabe-Raten, namlich 0,48 mg, 0,24 mg und 0,12 mg per Stunde in Polyathylenumschlag freigesetzt. Die Versuchsstamme wurden durch die Freigabe des Pheromons in diesen drei Konzentrationen vor Borkenkaferbefall vollig geschutzt.
Status of the U. S. Department Of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Fuel Cell Research and Development Efforts

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Fuel Cell Technologies Program, in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), seeks to enable the widespread commercialization of fuel cells, through applied research and development (R&D) to overcome technical barriers, as well as through efforts to reduce institutional and market barriers. In support of this goal, DOE funds a broad range of fuel cell R&D activities with emphasis on materials, fuel cell stack components, balance of plant (BOP) subsystems, and integrated fuel cell systems targeting lower cost and enhanced durability. Fuel cell system cost estimates for transportation applications have illustrated that catalysts and system BOP are major cost drivers at high-volume production. Membranes are a cost driver at lower production volumes. The DOE has supported research to develop improved fuel cell catalysts and membranes and characterize and optimize transport phenomena to improve membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and stack performance.
AMS 3-Piece Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Men with Peyronie's Disease: Comparison of CX and Ultrex Cylinders

AbstractPurpose: We compared the ability of the CX and Ultrex cylinders to straighten the penis in men who received a 3-piece AMS 700* *American Medical Systems, Minnetonka, Minnesota. series inflatable penile prosthesis for erectile dysfunction and erectile deformity due to Peyronie's disease.Materials and Methods: The records of 34 and 38 patients receiving devices with CX and Ultrex cylinders, respectively, were reviewed.Results: All 34 patients receiving the CX cylinders achieved complete penile straightening with cylinder inflation and bending alone. In 10 of 38 patients receiving the Ultrex cylinders complete straightening with cylinder inflation and bending could not be achieved, and simultaneous corporoplasty was necessary.Conclusions: Girth expanding CX cylinders have better penile straightening properties than girth and length expanding Ultrex cylinders. We recommended use of CX cylinders for 3-piece AMS 700 series inflatable penile prosthesis implantation in men with Peyronie's disease.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender students in engineering: Climate and perceptions

Few studies of the climate in engineering for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) students have been conducted. According to these studies, LGBT students are often forced to cope with hostile climates in engineering. To address the question of how LGBT students experience the climate in engineering, we interviewed a total of 16 students at two institutions in the Midwest. We analyzed the interview transcripts using open coding based on a combination of Meyer's Minority Stress Theory and Tinto's Theory of Student Departure. Preliminary results indicate that LGBT students experience more situations of exclusion within engineering than in other areas of their campuses. Based on their experiences, students advocate increased visibility for LGBT students in engineering and a mentoring program to provide support from engineering faculty and graduate students who also identify as LGBT.
TEMPORAL SECOND-ORDER ACCURACY OF SIMPLE-TYPE METHODS FOR INCOMPRESSIBLE UNSTEADY FLOWS

SIMPLE-type methods are presented in a more concise formulation. This formulation is used to analyze temporal accuracy for unsteady flows. Detailed error formulations are given. Analysis shows that SIMPLE-type methods have second-order temporal accuracy if a second-order temporal updating technique is employed to update both the convective and diffusion terms. Two algorithms for unsteady flows are presented. Algorithm A is an iteration method, which will cost more time than algorithm B, a noniteration algorithm. Also several second-order updating techniques are presented. A classical validation example is employed to validate the temporal accuracy in this article. A new four-step SIMPLE-type method is presented, in which the pressure Poisson equation, not the pressure difference Poisson equation is solved.
Lyapunov methods in nonsmooth optimization. Part I: Quasi-Newton algorithms for Lipschitz, regular functions

A recent converse Lyapunov theorem for differential inclusions is used to generate a large class of algorithms for nonsmooth optimization. Particular attention is given to quasi-Newton algorithms for the minimization of locally Lipschitz regular functions.
Current subsidence rates due to compaction of Holocene sediments in southern Louisiana

[1] Relative contributions of geologic and anthropogenic processes to subsidence of southern Louisiana are vigorously debated. Of these, shallow sediment compaction is often considered dominant, although this has never been directly observed or effectively demonstrated. Quantitative understanding of subsidence is important for predicting relative sea level rise, storm surge flooding due to hurricanes, and for successful wetland restoration. Despite many shallow borings, few appropriate stratigraphic and geotechnical data are available for site-specific calculations. We overcome this by determining present compaction rates from Monte Carlo simulations of the incremental sedimentation and compaction of stratigraphies typical of the Holocene of southern Louisiana. This approach generates distributions of present compaction rates that are not expected to exceed 5 mm/yr, but may locally. Locations with present subsidence rates greater than the predicted maximum probable shallow compaction rates are likely influenced by additional processes.
Shedding light on local kinase activation

Phosphorylation is the predominant language of cell signaling. And, as with any common language, an abundance of dialects has evolved to convey complex information. We discuss here how biosensors are being used to decode this language, affording an unprecedented glimpse into spatio-temporal patterns of protein phosphorylation events within the cell.
Dynamic Na+-H+ Exchanger Regulatory Factor-1 Association and Dissociation Regulate Parathyroid Hormone Receptor Trafficking at Membrane Microdomains

Na/H exchanger regulatory factor-1 (NHERF1) is a cytoplasmic PDZ (postsynaptic density 95/disc large/zona occludens) protein that assembles macromolecular complexes and determines the localization, trafficking, and signaling of select G protein-coupled receptors and other membrane-delimited proteins. The parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR), which regulates mineral ion homeostasis and bone turnover, is a G protein-coupled receptor harboring a PDZ-binding motif that enables association with NHERF1 and tethering to the actin cytoskeleton. NHERF1 interactions with the PTHR modify its trafficking and signaling. Here, we characterized by live cell imaging the mechanism whereby NHERF1 coordinates the interactions of multiple proteins, as well as the fate of NHERF1 itself upon receptor activation. Upon PTHR stimulation, NHERF1 rapidly dissociates from the receptor and induces receptor aggregation in long lasting clusters that are enriched with the actin-binding protein ezrin and with clathrin. After NHERF1 dissociates from the PTHR, ezrin then directly interacts with the PTHR to stabilize the PTHR at the cell membrane. Recruitment of β-arrestins to the PTHR is delayed until NHERF1 dissociates from the receptor, which is then trafficked to clathrin for internalization. The ability of NHERF to interact dynamically with the PTHR and cognate adapter proteins regulates receptor trafficking and signaling in a spatially and temporally coordinated manner.
Prolonged pain and disability are common after rib fractures

Abstract Background The contribution of rib fractures to prolonged pain and disability may be underappreciated and undertreated. Clinicians are traditionally taught that the pain and disability of rib fractures resolves in 6 to 8 weeks. Methods This study was a prospective observation of 203 patients with rib fractures at a level 1 trauma center. Chest wall pain was evaluated by the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) pain rating index (PRI) and present pain intensity (PPI). Prolonged pain was defined as a PRI of 8 or more at 2 months after injury. Prolonged disability was defined as a decrease in 1 or more levels of work or functional status at 2 months after injury. Predictors of prolonged pain and disability were determined by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred forty-five male patients and 58 female patients with a mean injury severity score (ISS) of 20 (range, 1 to 59) had a mean of 5.4 rib fractures (range, 1 to 29). Forty-four (22%) patients had bilateral fractures, 15 (7%) had flail chest, and 92 (45%) had associated injury. One hundred eighty-seven patients were followed 2 months or more. One hundred ten (59%) patients had prolonged chest wall pain and 142 (76%) had prolonged disability. Among 111 patients with isolated rib fractures, 67 (64%) had prolonged chest wall pain and 69 (66%) had prolonged disability. MPQ PPI was predictive of prolonged pain (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 2.5), and prolonged disability (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4). The presence of significant associated injuries was predictive of prolonged disability (OR, 5.9; 95% CI, 1.4 to 29). Conclusions Prolonged chest wall pain is common, and the contribution of rib fractures to disability is greater than traditionally expected. Further investigation into more effective therapies that prevent prolonged pain and disability after rib fractures is needed.
Simulation of the high temperature impression of thermal barrier coatings with columnar microstructure

The phenomena governing the durability of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are affected by their high temperature mechanical properties: especially the mechanisms of material removal upon particle impact. Some high temperature properties can be explored using an impression test described in a companion article. The utility of the test is contingent upon a method for deconvoluting aspects of the stress/strain response from load–displacement measurements. A numerical procedure having this attribute is described, and applied to TBCs with a columnar microstructure. The method elucidates the extent of the plastic deformation and densification as well as the column distortions caused by the impression. It is also capable of exploring the deformation heterogeneities observed experimentally, such as shear bands, by embodying salient constituent properties, such as the column width, contact friction, and inter-columnar friction. Comparisons with measurements provide some understanding of the plastic response of several thermal barrier systems.
Predicting the Thickness of Fresh-Water Lenses in Carbonate Paleo-Islands

ABSTRACT Fresh-water lenses in carbonate sand and grainstone islands can be modeled using Dupuit-Ghyben-Herzberg methods. The results indicate that the thickness of the lens (H) in a homogeneous, infinite-strip island will be a function of the island's width (a), hydraulic conductivity (K), and the amount of recharge (R). The ratio of R/K in most modern carbonate islands of Holocene sands and Pleistocene rocks is in the range of 10-4 to 10-6. This means H should be 1% to 3% the magnitude of a. However, vertical and lateral variations in K, variations in island shape, the presence of intra-island evaporitic ponds and marshes, and the presence of a mixing zone result in actual H/a ratios that range from 0.2% to about 2%, with 1% being the most representative value. The thic ness of a paleo-lens in an ancient carbonate shoal or reef complex can, therefore, be estimated if the width of the interpreted island can be approximated from facies or isopach maps. An example from the Late Jurassic Smackover Formation in Oaks Field, Louisiana, indicates that the estimated thickness of paleo-lenses is identical to the thickness of the porosity zones in a series of off-lapping oolite shoal complexes. A second example from the Late Permian San Andres Formation in Yates Field, west Texas, reveals that the estimated thickness of paleo-lenses is essentially equivalent to the thickness of a phreatic cave system formed on paleo-islands developed along the San Andres shelf margin. The H/a method for estimating the thickness of paleo-lenses and the possible extent of island-stage fresh-water diagenesis in ancient carbonates is more useful than the Ghyben-Herzberg rule (H = 40 times the elevation of the water table), because the GH rule requires estimation of paleo water-table and paleo-sea level positions to within a couple of centimeters. Such estimates are typically impossible in ancient rocks.
The Psychology of Self‐defense: Self‐Affirmation Theory

In major league baseball, a hitter could have a long and productive career by maintaining a .300 average, that is, by getting a base hit 30% of the time. A great deal of money could be earned and fame accrued. Yet the other 70% of the time, this player would have failed. The vast majority of attempts to hit the ball would result in ‘‘making an out’’ and thus pose a potential threat to the player’s sense of personal worth and social regard. Like major league baseball players, people in contemporary society face innumerable failures and self‐threats. These include substandard performance on the job or in class, frustrated goals or aspirations, information challenging the validity of long‐held beliefs, illness, the defeat of one’s political party in an election or of one’s favorite sports team in a playoV, scientific evidence suggesting that one is engaging in risky health behavior, negative feedback at work or in school, rejection in a romantic relationship, real and perceived social slights, interpersonal and intergroup conflict, the misbehavior of one’s child, the loss of a loved one, and so on. In the course of a given day, the potential number of events that could threaten people’s ‘‘moral and adaptive adequacy’’—their sense of themselves as good, virtuous, successful, and able to control important life outcomes (Steele, 1988)—seems limitless and likely to exceed the small number of events that aYrm it. A major undertaking for most people is to sustain self‐integrity when faced with the inevitable setbacks and disappointments of daily life—the 70% of the time 183
Hemoglobin A1c and Self-Monitored Average Glucose: Validation of the Dynamical Tracking eA1c Algorithm in Type 1 Diabetes.

Background:Previously we have introduced the eA1c—a new approach to real-time tracking of average glycemia and estimation of HbA1c from infrequent self-monitoring (SMBG) data, which was developed a...
ON THE EXISTENCE OF E0-SEMIGROUPS

Product systems are the classifying structures for semigroups of endomorphisms of ${\mathcal B} (H)$, in that two E0-semigroups are cocycle conjugate iff their product systems are isomorphic. Thus it is important to know that every abstract product system is associated with an E0-semigroup. This was first proved more than 15 years ago by rather indirect methods. Recently, Skeide has given a more direct proof. In this note we give yet another proof by an elementary construction.
Is the road to effective assessment of learning outcomes paved with good intentions? Understanding the roadblocks to improving hospitality education

Abstract Learning outcomes form the core of what hospitality programs and educators offer students and therefore should be the primary focus of a quality hospitality education. While all major university accrediting bodies require the assessment of learning outcomes and their use in improving educational quality, the transition for hospitality programs is taking too long and is not as transparent as it should be. This article reviews the most significant challenges to implementing an effective assessment of learning outcomes process and offers solutions that can help hospitality programs and faculty fulfill their responsibilities to students by offering them the best education possible.
Pitfalls in seismic processing: An application of seismic modeling to investigate acquisition footprint

AbstractThe term acquisition footprint is commonly used to define patterns in seismic time and horizon slices that are closely correlated to the acquisition geometry. Seismic attributes often exacerbate footprint artifacts and may pose pitfalls to the less experienced interpreter. Although removal of the acquisition footprint is the focus of considerable research, the sources of such artifact acquisition footprint are less commonly discussed or illustrated. Based on real data examples, we have hypothesized possible causes of footprint occurrence and created them through synthetic prestack modeling. Then, we processed these models using the same workflows used for the real data. Computation of geometric attributes from the migrated synthetics found the same footprint artifacts as the real data. These models showed that acquisition footprint could be caused by residual ground roll, inaccurate velocities, and far-offset migration stretch. With this understanding, we have examined the real seismic data volume...
Interactive Augmented Reality Visualization for Improved Damage Prevention and Maintenance of Underground Infrastructure

During a typical excavation operation, there is a high risk of inadvertently damaging the existing subsurface utilities. Such incidents cause significant financial loss to the project and can delay or abruptly halt ongoing construction. In many cases, they also pose a life threat and often result in accidental deaths. As a result, constructors are required to protect utility systems during excavation operations. In this paper, the applicability of advanced visualization and tracking technologies to improve work safety during urban construction projects by enhancing the visual perception of construction equipment operators is discussed. The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) visualization and the Global Positioning System (GPS) is explored to create real time views of an excavation site in which CAD models of the underground utilities can be accurately superimposed over live video streams of the real world with the resulting views being displayed to the equipment operator in real time.
Infection of the gypsy moth,Porthetria dispar with the entomogenous fungus,Conidiobolus coronatus

Fourth instar larvae of the gypsy moth,Porthetria dispar (L.) were infected with the fungusConidiobolus coronatus(Cost.) Batko using the spore shower technique for varying periods of time. Larvae treated for more than 20 minutes showed 100% mortality. Virulence of the pathogen was increased by inoculating larvae of the wax moth,Galleria mellonella (L.) three times in serial succession. Typical symptoms of the infection were lightening of color, flaccidity, shrinking and finally desiccation of the larvae. Observations on the histopathology of infected larvae showed penetration of the integument by hyphae within 22 hours after inoculation and at 34 hours post inoculation, the hemocoel, head, nervous system and muscles were completely infected. A localized mycelial growth in the digestive system resulted probably due to the ingestion of spores, but penetration of the gut wall was not recorded.
Lung transplantation outcome changes from the new US lung allocation system

In 2005, the US lung transplant community made important changes to its approach to organ allocation. Before May 2005, priority was determined by time on the waiting list. Since May 2005, priority has been assigned based on the Lung Allocation Score (LAS). A composite of estimated risk and survival benefit, the LAS provides a more objective basis for lung allocation. The LAS system has led to reduced wait-list mortality and shorter wait times. However, transplant mortality seems to be unchanged. The effect of the LAS on overall efficiency is not clear. With regard to equity, the conclusions are mixed, and an unintended outcome of the LAS may be the trend toward transplanting sicker patients who are less likely to survive. The LAS was intended to be dynamic, and further research should focus on the value of LAS with regard to predicting survival and prioritizing resource allocation.
NAUPLIAR DEVELOPMENT OF METRIDIA PACIFICA (COPEPODA: CALANOIDA) REARED IN THE LABORATORY

All 6 naupliar stages of Metridia pacijica are described. Naupliar development is compared within the genus Metridia and external morphological characters are discussed with respect to previous studies on co-occurring nauplii of Calanus, Neocalanus, and Pseudocalanus. A key to the identification of the naupliar stages is provided. Knowledge of naupliar morphology is very important for studies of stage-dependent biological and ecological phenomena. Larval walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma Pallas) in the southeastern Bering Sea are very selective in the species of copepods and developmental stages that they eat. They prefer nauplii of Metridia, although these nauplii are relatively rare (Hillgruber et al., 1995). As part of a study of biological and physical variability that influences recruitment of walleye pollock in the southeastern Bering Sea, I describe the naupliar stages of Metridia pacifica Brodsky, 1950, and those diagnostic features that facilitate their identification.
Use of omega-3 fish oil supplementation to reduce recurrent cardiovascular events.

Practice PearlThe addition of omega-3 fish oil supplements did not reduce subsequent cardiovascular events in patients with a previous myocardial infarction who were receiving comprehensive medical therapy.
GBC3: A Versatile Cube-Based Server-Centric Network for Data Centers

A new network structure called BCube Connected Crossbars (BCCC) was recently proposed. Its short diameter, good expandability and low cost make it a very promising topology for data center networks. However, it can utilize only two NIC ports of each server, which is suitable for nowadays technology, even though more NIC ports are available. Due to technology advances, servers with more NIC ports are emerging and they will become low-cost commodities some time later. In this paper, we propose a more general server-centric data center network structure, called GBC3, which can utilize inexpensive commodity off-the-shelf switches and servers with any fixed number of NIC ports and provide good network properties. Like BCCC, GBC3 has good expandability. When doing expansion, there is no need to alter the existing system but only to add new components into it. Thus the expansion cost that BCube suffers from can be significantly reduced in GBC3. We also introduce an addressing scheme and several efficient routing algorithms for one-to-one, one-to-all and one-to-many communications in GBC3 respectively. We make comprehensive comparisons between GBC3 and some popular existing structures in terms of several critical metrics, such as diameter, network size, bisection bandwidth and capital expenditure. We also conduct extensive experiments to evaluate GBC3, which show that GBC3 achieves the best flexibility to make tradeoff among all these critical metrics and it can suit for many different applications by fine tuning its parameters.
The Admissibility Theorem for the Spatial X-Ray Transform over the Two-Element Field

We consider the Radon transform along lines in an n-dimensional vector space over the two-element field. It is well known that this transform is injective and highly overdetermined. We classify the minimal collections of lines for which the restricted Radon transform is also injective. This is an instance of I.M. Gelfand’s admissibility problem. The solution is in stark contrast to the more uniform cases of the affine hyperplane transform and the projective line transform, which are addressed in other papers (Feldman and Grinberg in Admissible Complexes for the Projective X-Ray Transform over a Finite Field, preprint, 2012; Grinberg in J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 53:316–320, 1990). The presentation here is intended to be widely accessible, requiring minimum background.
Advantages of day‐before lymphoscintigraphy and undiluted methylene blue dye injections for sentinel lymph node biopsies for melanoma

Background and Objectives Lymphatic mapping (LM) and blue dye injections are essential to identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) for melanoma. LM is performed the day before (DB) or the same day (SD) of surgery, but the optimal timing is unknown. Similarly, methylene blue (MB), used during SLN biopsy (SLNB), is administered diluted (dMB) or undiluted (uMB), but the relative efficacies are unknown. Methods Patients who underwent SLNB for melanoma from 2009 to 2013 at our institution were evaluated. Outcomes included operative correlation with LM, SLN identification, and postoperative complications. Results One hundred seventy-one patients underwent SLNB. Sixty-seven (39%) had DB LM. Sixty-seven (39%) received uMB. Operative findings correlated with both LM groups, though the DB patients had lower background count (P = 0.018) and lower highest SLN radioactive signal count (P = 0.046). More uMB patients had blue SLNs (90% vs. 68%, P = 0.001). There was no difference in the total number of SLNs or complication rates in the LM and MB groups. Conclusions This is the first study to compare the use of DB LM with SD LM and the efficacy of uMB versus dMB. DB LM and uMB offer advantageous alternatives for patients and their surgeons without loss of accuracy or increased morbidity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:947–950. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Learning to predict action outcomes in continuous, relational environments

We present a method for predicting action outcomes in unstructured environments with variable numbers of participants and hidden relationships between them. For example, when pouring flour from a cup into a mixing bowl, important relations must exist between the cup and the bowl. The action Pour(x, y) might depend on the precondition Above(x, y). How well the predicate Above actually predicts action success often depends on complicated world dynamics and perhaps other objects in the scene. While such predicates are commonly hand-crafted, we present in this paper a method for learning physically grounded predicates directly from the continuous data. In this manner, an agent's own developmental experience can drive its world representations. Here, we learn such representations as ensembles (or forests) of probability trees using the Spatiotemporal Multidimensional Relational Framework (SMRF). By reasoning about individual objects, SMRF trees allow us to focus attention on action parameters while still considering other objects in a scene. We demonstrate our method on three simulated problems. Two are in a blocks world with gravity: one predicting the tipping direction of a balance scale, inspired by Siegler's classic cognitive psychology work, and the second predicting the success of dropping one block on another. The third problem predicts the success of passing a ball in a soccer domain. In these tasks, we show an ability to scale prediction to scenes with more objects than are present in the training data.
Robotic surgery of the bladder

Robotic surgery of the bladder / , Robotic surgery of the bladder / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
An approach to detecting deliberately introduced defects and micro-defects in 3D printed objects

In prior work, Zeltmann, et al. demonstrated the negative impact that can be created by defects of various sizes in 3D printed objects. These defects may make the object unsuitable for its application or even present a hazard, if the object is being used for a safety-critical application. With the uses of 3D printing proliferating and consumer access to printers increasing, the desire of a nefarious individual or group to subvert the desired printing quality and safety attributes of a printer or printed object must be considered. Several different approaches to subversion may exist. Attackers may physically impair the functionality of the printer or launch a cyber-attack. Detecting introduced defects, from either attack, is critical to maintaining public trust in 3D printed objects and the technology. This paper presents an alternate approach. It applies a quality assurance technology based on visible light sensing to this challenge and assesses its capability for detecting introduced defects of multiple sizes.
Water-assisted sub-critical crack growth along an interface between polyimide passivation and epoxy underfill

Direct chip attach (DCA) microelectronic packaging technology is gaining prominence due to its numerous advantages. Delamination (debonding) of the underfill epoxy/ polyimide passivation interface of a DCA during hydro-thermal reliability testing has always been one of the salient problems. We have studied the water-assisted sub-critical crack growth along this interface and our measurement offers important clues as to the origins of the poor hydro-thermal testing results for these interfaces. A modified asymmetric double cantilever beam (ADCB) testing technique has been used to measure the sub-critical crack growth velocity v at various relative humidities and temperatures as a function of the crack driving force (strain energy release rate) G*. The presence of a significant partial pressure of water pH2O produces a marked decrease (by up to a factor of 12) in the threshold G* for crack growth at measurable velocities. Above the threshold log v rises linearly with \(\sqrt {G^ * } \) but then enters a regime where the crack velocity (v=v*) is almost independent of \(\sqrt {G^ * } \). Finally, at the values of G* corresponding to rapid crack propagation in the absence of water, log v increases very rapidly with G*. By analogy to the classic work on water-assisted sub-critical crack growth in silica-based glasses, where very similar features are observed, we believe that the sub-critical crack growth along the polyimide-epoxy interface results from stress-assisted hydrolysis of primary covalent bonds, in our case ester bonds across the interface. The regime of \(\sqrt {G^ * } \) just above the threshold corresponds to a physicochemical situation where the water activity (pH2O) at the crack tip is the same as that of the gaseous environment. In the regime where v=v*≈ constant, the water activity at the crack tip is below that in the environment and the crack growth velocity is limited by the transport of water vapor to the bonds ahead of the crack tip. We develop a model of this crack growth following Wiederhorn 1967 that allows us to predict the sub-critical crack growth as a function of G* for arbitrary relative humidity and temperature conditions.
AFFECT, SYMPTOM, FANTASY, DREAM: CLINICAL AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS

A symptom being studied in the process of analysis can be seen as not unlike the unconscious affect it sprang from. The author presents a case in which a symptom, premature ejaculation, was analogous to the unconscious affect of guilt, which itself seemed to be a premature defensive transformation of a deeper current of anger. Guilt was interpreted as if it were a psychic premature ejaculation, a defensive derailment of anger. Fantasy and dream seemed to be engaged in similar transformations, with a fantasy of "premature incarceration" not unlike the symptom itself in its analogous functioning. Analysis of affect, symptom, fantasy, and dream in complex, integrative analytic process led not only to resolution of the symptom itself, but also to a deeper understanding of the mind's complex functioning in general.
On the Properties of the Solutions to Mixed l 1 / H ∞ Control Problems

Abstract Mixed performance control problems have been the object of much attention lately. These problems allow for capturing different performance specifications without resorting to approximations or the use of weighting functions, thus eliminating the need for trial and error type iterations. However, it has been recently shown that in some cases the resulted closed-loop system may exhibit some undesirable properties. In this paper the discrete-time mixed l 1 / H ∞ control problem will be investigated. The main result of the paper shows that i) this problem admits a minimizing solution in l 1 ii) a recently proposed method produces sequences of rational controllers and closed-loop systems that converge to the optimum in the l 1 topology.
Grammatical gender assignment in French: Dispelling the native speaker myth

This study highlights the complexity of French grammatical gender as a lexical property at the interface of morpho-phonology and the lexicon. French native speakers (n = 168) completed a gender assignment task with written stimuli illustrating common versus uncommon nouns, vowel-initial versus consonant-initial nouns, compounds and grammatical homonyms; they also indicated the strategies they used to assign a gender to stimuli. The findings showed strong lexical and gender effects suggesting that grammatical gender must be acquired for individual lexical items as morpho-phonological cues alone are unreliable and vary greatly.
The Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model

Conventional asset pricing models assume, rather unrealistically, that investors live for exactly a single time span, during which they will confront no potential changes in consumption preferences, liquidity needs, or tolerance for risk. Robert Merton’s intertemporal capital asset pricing model fills this theoretical gap. Among other applications, the intertemporal CAPM accommodates consumption smoothing across different life stages. The desire to preserve future investment or consumption opportunities may justify holding assets that counterbalance potential decline in more rewarding but riskier components of a portfolio.
MotionReader: Visual Acceleration Cues for Alleviating Passenger E-Reader Motion Sickness

We investigate alleviating the motion sickness experienced by passengers who read using tablet computers or phones, by displaying a visual cue of the acceleration that the passenger undergoes while traveling. This visual cue is meant to eliminate the sensory conflict between the perceived acceleration and the lack of matching visuals. We investigate two visual acceleration cues, the text inertia cue, that displaces the text in the direction opposite to the acceleration, and Gizmo cue, that renders a ball-spring Gizmo adjacent to the text, and that reacts to the acceleration. We have conducted a user study that attempts to determine which of these interventions, if any, are effective at reducing the symptoms of motion sickness in participants who used our e-reader application during a 20-minute bus ride.
Heritage preservation using aerial imagery from light weight low cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Many archeological sites have been destroyed totally or partially around the globe due to earth quakes, floods and/or fire. It is the need of time to digitally preserve the historical sites before they get destroyed. It is difficult to obtain data using conventional methods due to difficulty in accessing the historical sites because of their location and neighborhood. Recent innovations in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) have enabled to remote sense and acquire data using aerial imagery. In this research photogrammetry is used to develop highly accurate photo realistic 3D models. This method contributes in terms of quality, time and investment to acquire data compared to other methods which demand more time and investment. The automated flight stability and altitude control of the UAS and the fully stabilized and calibrated RGB sensor helps deliver high quality data to provide reliable results. Using aerial data acquired from a low cost and light weight Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) equipped with high resolution RGB sensor and image processing using photogrammetry tools highly accurate 3D model is formed. The main goals of this study were to conduct survey of a historical site in Pakistan utilizing advanced robotics and photogrammetry stitching techniques to investigate the potential of UAV in producing geo-referenced 3D reconstruction. The study is carried out to achieve an accuracy of within 5cm/pixel of the 3D model. The digitally preserved 3D models will help to maintain and reconstruct and historical site in case of any damage. The 3D model produced can be quickly produced for inventory, architectural and facility management system.
Assessing the risk of cardiac toxicity after contemporary treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review.

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is highly curable, with 5-year overall survival (OS) rates at ∼85% [1]. Thus, HL therapy aims to optimize disease control while minimizing risk of treatment late effects. Comp...
Child Language: How we can construct a theory of language acquisition

Approaches to the study of language acquisition differ in their fundamental epistemological assumptions. These assumptions underlie the choice of which questions researchers ask, and which methodologies they choose. Approaches may provide (a) developmental descriptions, such as in the research paradigm initiated by Roger Brown at Harvard (1973b), (b) formal logical or mathematical analyses of the language acquisition problem, (c) computational modeling of various language acquisition behaviors, or (d) psycholinguistic studies of language acquisition led by specific hypotheses derived from linguistic theory. The tensions reflected here have interested philosophers for many centuries. Theoretical approaches to the study of language acquisition Classical approaches to epistemology Table 4.1 summarizes basic properties of two classically opposed approaches to the representation and acquisition of knowledge. They differ in their views of: (a) the ultimate source of knowledge (either external and led by environmental input or internal, led by the structure of the mind); (b) mechanisms of acquisition; (c) characteristics of the Initial State, i.e., whether or not innate “knowledge” of some form exists. A rationalist perspective proposes some innate competence (thus the term “nativist” is often used). In a classical empiricist paradigm, “learning” based on input explains all knowledge; the Initial State therefore is a tabula rasa . (See Wilson 1999 for overview.)
Activist Media in Native AIDS Organizing : Theorizing the Colonial Conditions of AIDS

Global deliberations of HIV/AIDS today increasingly describe social inequalities as conditions of the AIDS pandemic. Agencies and advocates address global public health by arguing that disease transmission and its effects are enabled by power relations such as homophobia and sexism, racism and poverty, and the colonial histories that foster them. Saying that such conditions enable HIV’s disproportionate spread surpasses tales from the disease’s first decade of risk groups, which Cindy Patton has read as a “tropical” logic that locates danger in the perverse embodiment of marginal sexual, racial, or national groups.1 Current claims also modify how some activists countered risk-group tales by addressing practice in arguments that risk arises not from who you are, but what you do. If such a shift invited harm-reduction approaches to HIV, it also could avoid considering how one’s choices are shaped by one’s locations in power relations, which can create illusions of choice. Early AIDS activists argued the pandemic’s power-laden social construction by critiquing public health institutions for complicity in the spread of AIDS or by mobilizing people affected by AIDS to alter conditions in their lives. A key mode activists used to address social marginality was the production of new media. AIDS activists recorded experiences, shared health information, and articulated agendas for change in creative texts, visual art, video, and performance that marked and challenged the power relations that marginalized people affected by AIDS. Thus, when Paul Farmer famously argued that “critical perspectives
Regulation of the Na+/H+ Exchanger in Essential Hypertension: Functional and Genetic Abnormalities

Ten years ago, we initiated studies of the genetic variations of Na+ transport systems as an approach to the genetics of hypertension. One of these biochemical phenotypes, Na+/Li+ exchange (Na/Li EXC), is elevated in a sizable proportion of the essentially hypertensive population. Furthermore, the abnormalities observed have been shown by family studies to be largely genetically determined [1,2,3]. In pursuing the question of what significance these abnormalities might have in the pathophysiology of hypertension, we found that Na+/Li+ countertransport has many features in common with the Na+/H+ exchanges (Na/H EXC). The Na+ exchanges system is expressed not only in red blood cells (rbc), but in three target tissues of the hypertensive process: vascular smooth muscle (VSM) [4,5], kidney epithelial [6] and adrenal glomerulosa cells [7]. In these cells Na/H EXC regulates cell pH and volume, and it is modulated by vasocontrictor and growth factor agonist which mobilize Ca2+ [4,8,10].