cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Studies on the postnatal development of responses of hepatic histidase to endocrine control.

Abstract Each of three known hormonal inducers of hepatic histidase ( l -histidine ammonia-lyase, EC 4.3.1.3), glucocorticoid, glucagon and estrogen, elicits a unique regulatory pattern during postnatal development of the rat: (1) In the male, glucocorticoid augments hepatic histidase activity during immaturity, the stage during which basal enzyme levels are low and rising; as maturity is approached and the enzyme has plateaued at its adult value, hepatic histidase becomes refractory to glucocorticoidal control. Hepatic histidase induction by adrenal corticoid also occurs in the immature female, however, thereafter there is a gradual inversion, in which glucocorticoid, by counteracting estrogenic induction of hepatic histidase, suppresses the high enzyme levels of the adult female. (2) In contrast, glucagon is capable of enhancing hepatic histidase at all postnatal stages in the male; in the intact adult female, however, glucagon also slightly suppresses this enzyme. Dibutyryl adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (dibutyryl cyclic AMP), administered with the inhibitor of its diesterase, theophylline, reproduces the inductive effects of glucagon. (3) Estrogen manifests yet a third developmental pattern of liver histidase regulation. During the first neonatal month, hepatic histidase is refractory to estrogenic induction, following which the liver develops competence to respond to estrogen with induced levels of the enzyme, an attribute which is maintained throughout postnatal life. Unlike estrogenic induction of hepatic histidase, which requires pituitary integrity, enhancement of this enzyme in immature animals by glucocorticoid and glucagon occurs in hypophysectomized animals. Administration of actinomycin D, cycloheximide or ethionine, each prevents induction of hepatic histidase by each of these hormones, indicating mandatory requirements for continued RNA and protein syntheses in each case. The three inducing hormones, injected at maximal dosages, are not additive, implying that certain common rate-limiting step(s), possibly transcriptional and/or translational, underly all three inductions.
Fractures of the navicular

Generally, large or significantly displaced intra-articular navicular fractures are treated best by surgical intervention. Open reduction and internal fixation of these injuries allow anatomic restoration of adjacent joint surfaces and preservation of length and stability along the medial column of the foot; intervention must not disrupt the already tenuous blood Supply of the tarsal navicular because of the associated risks of avascular necrosis and nonunion. The unique morphology and vital role of the navicular as a cornerstone of the talonavicular joint require every effort to maintain the congruity and motion of this joint to avoid later fusion. The likelihood for successful reduction decreases with increasing grades of injury. The naviculo-cuneiform joint, alternatively, requires stability for proper foot function and can be fused, if necessary, to improve fixation or enhance vascularity to the navicular. External fixation, bone grafting (often and early), and limited peritarsal fusion also have evolved into useful aids, under certain circumstances, to facilitate the goals of navicular fracture management. Early postoperative range of motion, prolonged protected weight bearing, and aggressive patient counseling as to the severity and long-term implications of these injuries also are paramount to success. Caution also must be exercised in managing navicular dislocations because of the potential long-term complications of redislocation or painful flatfoot deformity if alignment is not maintained. Navicular fracture care remains a challenge to the orthopedic surgeon; successful surgical intervention continues to hinge upon a careful balance between an operative exposure that is limited enough to avoid further devascularization but extensive enough to permit anatomic reduction and rigid internal fixation.
Chronic disease, prevention policy, and the future of public health and primary care.

Globally, chronic disease and conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, depression and cancer are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Why, then, are public health efforts and programs aimed at preventing chronic disease so difficult to implement and maintain? Also, why is primary care—the key medical specialty for helping persons with chronic disease manage their illnesses—in decline? Public health suffers from its often being socially controversial, personally intrusive, irritating to many powerful corporate interests, and structurally designed to be largely invisible and, as a result, taken for granted. Primary care struggles from low reimbursements, relative to specialists, excessive paperwork and time demands that are unattractive to medical students. Our paper concludes with a discussion of why the need for more aggressive public health and redesigned primary care is great, will grow substantially in the near future, and yet will continue to struggle with funding and public popularity.
Oxidative Stress in Type 1 Diabetes

We have been investigating the effects of preventing oxidative stress on pathogenesis and complications of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse model. Our studies have shown that damage caused by oxidative stress is higher in islets and vascular tissue of NOD mice than in nonautoimmune controls or a diabetes-resistant NOD mouse. In addition, phagocytic function and cytokine production by macrophages are aberrant in the NOD. We have demonstrated that treatment of prediabetic NOD mice for 2 weeks with a metalloporphyrin superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic results in marked reduction of oxidative stress in islets and vascular tissue and a reversal of macrophage defects.
Emulsion stability—theoretical studies on simultaneous flocculation and creaming

A general dynamic equation is derived describing the behavior of a polydispersed emulsion in which Brownian flocculation, sedimentation-flocculation, and creaming are taking place simultaneously. The resulting equation consists of a set of coupled partial differential equations, which are solved numerically to predict changes in particle concentration and size distribution as a function of time and position. Predictions are also made for various limiting cases, such as negligible creaming, negligible flocculation, and for various degrees of electrostatic stabilization. A cyclic change in particle size distribution is observed when flocculation and creaming occur simultaneously.
Defining the boundaries of normal thrombin generation: investigations into hemostasis.

In terms of its soluble precursors, the coagulation proteome varies quantitatively among apparently healthy individuals. The significance of this variability remains obscure, in part because it is the backdrop against which the hemostatic consequences of more dramatic composition differences are studied. In this study we have defined the consequences of normal range variation of components of the coagulation proteome by using a mechanism-based computational approach that translates coagulation factor concentration data into a representation of an individual's thrombin generation potential. A novel graphical method is used to integrate standard measures that characterize thrombin generation in both empirical and computational models (e.g max rate, max level, total thrombin, time to 2 nM thrombin (“clot time”)) to visualize how normal range variation in coagulation factors results in unique thrombin generation phenotypes. Unique ensembles of the 8 coagulation factors encompassing the limits of normal range variation were used as initial conditions for the computational modeling, each ensemble representing “an individual” in a theoretical healthy population. These “individuals” with unremarkable proteome composition was then compared to actual normal and “abnormal” individuals, i.e. factor ensembles measured in apparently healthy individuals, actual coagulopathic individuals or artificially constructed factor ensembles representing individuals with specific factor deficiencies. A sensitivity analysis was performed to rank either individual factors or all possible pairs of factors in terms of their contribution to the overall distribution of thrombin generation phenotypes. Key findings of these analyses include: normal range variation of coagulation factors yields thrombin generation phenotypes indistinguishable from individuals with some, but not all, coagulopathies examined; coordinate variation of certain pairs of factors within their normal ranges disproportionately results in extreme thrombin generation phenotypes, implying that measurement of a smaller set of factors may be sufficient to identify individuals with aberrant thrombin generation potential despite normal coagulation proteome composition.
80.2: 60‐inch Highly Transparent See‐through Active Matrix Display without Polarizers

For the first time, we have developed a 60-inch diagonal size see- through display using polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) technology. The color display system by combination of the see- through display and a projector enables distinguishing eye-catch effect. It creates new application of displays, such as information display, digital signage and substitution of window.
Recovery of Signals Distorted by Sensor Nonlinearity

Considered in this paper is a framework for addressing sensor issues that are related to nonlinearity. When a signal is picked up by a nonlinear sensor, it is often the case that the high amplitude part of the signal is distorted by nonlinearity and the low amplitude part is indistinguishable from noise. The distorted output or sensed signal may no longer represent the original input signal due to the presence of high and low frequency foreign spikes in its frequency spectrum. This situation poses a challenging problem: Would it be possible to uniquely extract the original information from the distorted output? A treatment of this problem is given and it is shown that unique signal recovery is possible when the nonlinear characteristics of the sensor satisfy certain requirements. Based on the analysis, an algorithm is developed to recover finite length signals and its validity and efficiency are demonstrated by simulation results. When the sensor model is not available, it is shown how a model identification scheme may be incorporated into the developed scheme. Experiments performed on a physical sensor support the proposed recovery scheme.
Hybrid fusion of linear, non-linear and spectral models for the dynamic modeling of sEMG and skeletal muscle force

Estimating skeletal muscle (finger) forces using surface Electromyography (sEMG) signals poses many challenges. In general, the sEMG measurements are based on single sensor data. In this paper, two novel hybrid fusion techniques for estimating the skeletal muscle force from the sEMG array sensors are proposed. The sEMG signals are pre-processed using five different filters: Butterworth, Chebychev Type II, Exponential, Half-Gaussian and Wavelet transforms. Dynamic models are extracted from the acquired data using Nonlinear Wiener Hammerstein (NLWH) models and Spectral Analysis Frequency Dependent Resolution (SPAFDR) models based system identification techniques. A detailed comparison is provided for the proposed filters and models using 18 healthy subjects. Wavelet transforms give higher mean correlation of 72.6?1.7 (mean?SD) and 70.4?1.5 (mean?SD) for NLWH and SPAFDR models, respectively, when compared to the other filters used in this work. Experimental verification of the fusion based hybrid models with wavelet transform shows a 96% mean correlation and 3.9% mean relative error with a standard deviation of ?1.3 and ?0.9 respectively between the overall hybrid fusion algorithm estimated and the actual force for 18 test subjects' k-fold cross validation data.
Theory of dephasing by external perturbation in open quantum dots

We propose a random matrix theory describing the influence of a time-dependent external field on the average magnetoresistance of open quantum dots. The effect of the external field is taken into account to all orders of perturbation theory, and the result is applicable to both weak and strong fields.
Coincident activation of Th2 T cells with onset of the disease and differential expression of GRO-gamma in peripheral blood leukocytes in minimal change disease

Background: Involvement of Th2 T cells/NFĸB in minimal change disease (MCD) has been postulated. A promising but unconfirmed glomerular permeability factor (GPF) from MCD T cells ha
Population growth and the MDGs.

Reviewing DIFD's contribution to international health, Cindy Carlson1 (JRSM 2007;100:34-37) points out that DIFD's draft priority areas include ‘accelerated efforts against the off track MDGs.’ In January 2007—after the Carlson article was written—Parliament's All Party Group on Population, Development and Reproductive Health launched a landmark report titled Return of the Population Growth Factor: Its Impact on the Millennium Development Goals.2 Based on extensive hearings with experts and agencies working in the field, the inquiry chairman Richard Ottaway MP concludes, ‘The evidence is overwhelming: the MDGs are difficult or impossible to achieve with the current levels of population growth in the least developed countries and regions.’ The report recommends increased investment in international family planning, and also removal of the wide range of barriers that all too often separate individuals from the information and services they need in order to decide when to have a child.3 The written evidence from DIFD states that ‘Sustained high fertility rates and rapid population growth could for some countries pose obstacles to poverty reduction as serious as that from HIV and AIDS.’ It documents the key role that access to family planning makes in reducing infant and maternal mortality, and points out that even in the field of HIV/AIDS, ‘family planning offers an effective way of reducing the number of cases of vertical transmission.’4 Steven Sinding, Director General of the IPPF, told the hearings that since the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development there has been ‘a taboo about population.’ The report puts pay to this taboo. All the witnesses, like Christine McCafferty MP, Chair of the All Party Group, framed family planning in a ‘human rights perspective.’ It is to be hoped that Return of the Population Growth Factor will chart a new course for DIFD, but also for all international donors.
Resource modeling in discrete: event simulation environments: a fifty-year perspective

Through 50 years of innovation, discrete-event simulation environments have offered similar approaches to modeling the resources that participate in simulations. These approaches involve "clients" and "servers" of varying activity levels that wait in queues of varying sophistication. While powerful enough for many applications, these models limit the complexity of the entities that may be represented. Analysis of more than thirty simulation environments provides the substrate for defining "levels" of modeling features from primitive foundations to advanced embellishment. This analysis not only supports comparison of existing resource models, but also informs the development of new approaches.
TURBULENCE-INDUCED MAGNETIC FIELDS AND STRUCTURE OF COSMIC RAY MODIFIED SHOCKS

We propose a model for diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) in which stochastic magnetic fields in the shock precursor are generated through purely fluid mechanisms of a so-called small-scale dynamo. This contrasts with previous DSA models that considered magnetic fields amplified through cosmic ray (CR) streaming instabilities, i.e., either by way of individual particles resonant scattering in the magnetic fields, or by macroscopic electric currents associated with large-scale CR streaming. Instead, in our picture, the solenoidal velocity perturbations that are required for the dynamo to work are produced through the interactions of the pressure gradient of the CR precursor and density perturbations in the inflowing fluid. Our estimates show that this mechanism provides fast growth of magnetic field and is very generic. We argue that for supernovae shocks the mechanism is capable of generating upstream magnetic fields that are sufficiently strong for accelerating CRs up to around 1016 eV. No action of any other mechanism is necessary.
Classroom Applications of Cognitive Theories of Motivation

This article examines cognitive theories of motivation and their application to classroom experiences of students and teachers. Students' explanations of their school experiences are considered within the frameworks of expectancy × value theory, self-efficacy theory, goal orientation theory, and attribution theory. These same theories are used as lens through which teachers' classroom behaviors are viewed. Suggestions are offer for incorporating cognitive theories of motivation into pre-service and in-service programs for teachers.
The Challenge of Meeting Nutrient Needs of Infants and Young Children during the Period of Complementary Feeding: An Evolutionary Perspective

Breast-fed infants and young children need complementary foods with a very high nutrient density (particularly for iron and zinc), especially at ages 6-12 mo. However, in low-income countries, their diet is usually dominated by cereal-based porridges with low nutrient density and poor mineral bioavailability. Complementary feeding diets typically fall short in iron and zinc and sometimes in other nutrients. These gaps in nutritional adequacy of infant diets have likely been a characteristic of human diets since the agricultural revolution ~10,000 y ago. Estimates of nutrient intakes before then, based on hypothetical diets of preagricultural humans, suggest that infants had much higher intakes of key nutrients than is true today and would have been able to meet their nutrient needs from the combination of breast milk and premasticated foods provided by their mothers. Strategies for achieving adequate nutrition for infants and young children in modern times must address the challenge of meeting nutrient needs from largely cereal-based diets.
An Examination of Gender and Ethics in Family Counseling—Part 2: a Case Study Approach Using a Social Constructivism Model of Ethical Decision Making

Part one of this series of two articles deals with a case study in which the family counselor addressed gender issues of communication and power differential within the couple’s interactions. The couple’s values and the counselor’s values were congruent and therefore more easily addressed. This article, part 2, addresses a more complex case in which the clients’ gender issues and values differ with the counselor’s values and theoretical orientation. An awareness and knowledge of gender issues become more important for ethical counseling to occur when there is a clash of values between the clients and the counselor. Ethical decision making becomes essential, and in this case, a social constructivism model of ethical decision making is applied.
Inhibition of Access of Bound Somatomedin to Membrane Receptor and Immunobinding Sites: A Comparison of Radioreceptor and Radioimmunoassay of Somatomedin in Native and Acid-Ethanol-Extracted Serum

No agreement exists concerning the necessity for extracting serum somatomedin (Sm) before radioreceptor assay (RRA) and RIA. We have developed a simplified system of Sm extraction which has permitted a quantitative comparison of native and extracted Sm. To 0.8 ml of a mixture of 87.5% ethanol and 12.5% 2 N HC1, 0.2 ml serum is added. After centrifugation, 0.5 ml supernatant is neutralized with 0.2 ml 0.855 M Tris base (XT). Recovery of added 125I-labeled insulin-like growth factor I ([125I]IGF-I) was nearly quantitative. Neutral gel filtration studies established that virtually all of the binding complex was removed by acid-ethanol precipitation. The addition of 100 µl Tris-neutralized acid-ethanol buffer (AE B) to the [125I]IGF-I human placental membrane RRA produced an insignificant shift in the displacement curve with partially purified IGF reference preparation; the shift of the [125I]Sm C RIA displacement curve was greater but did not prevent accurate measurement when AE B was added to blank and stan...
Highly available, fault-tolerant, parallel dataflows

We present a technique that masks failures in a cluster to provide high availability and fault-tolerance for long-running, parallelized dataflows. We can use these dataflows to implement a variety of continuous query (CQ) applications that require high-throughput, 24x7 operation. Examples include network monitoring, phone call processing, click-stream processing, and online financial analysis. Our main contribution is a scheme that carefully integrates traditional query processing techniques for partitioned parallelism with the process-pairs approach for high availability. This delicate integration allows us to tolerate failures of portions of a parallel dataflow without sacrificing result quality. Upon failure, our technique provides quick fail-over, and automatically recovers the lost pieces on the fly. This piecemeal recovery provides minimal disruption to the ongoing dataflow computation and improved reliability as compared to the straight-forward application of the process-pairs technique on a per dataflow basis. Thus, our technique provides the high availability necessary for critical CQ applications. Our techniques are encapsulated in a reusable dataflow operator called Flux, an extension of the Exchange that is used to compose parallel dataflows. Encapsulating the fault-tolerance logic into Flux minimizes modifications to existing operator code and relieves the burden on the operator writer of repeatedly implementing and verifying this critical logic. We present experiments illustrating these features with an implementation of Flux in the TelegraphCQ code base [8].
Study on Networked Technical Service System Oriented Product Lifecycle

Problems existing in traditional technical service model was analyzed, in order to solve these problems and improve quality and efficiency of technical service, shorten the producing cycle of product, a new mode of the technical service was presented, which was the networked technical service oriented product lifecycle based on the multi agent technique, network technique and modern communications technique. Function of the system was analyzed, architecture of the system was study and workflow of the system was researched. Base on these works a prototype system of networked technical service was developed. Enterprises can provide all kind of technical service for producers and clients. Results of the system running prove its security, practicability and high efficiency. Research works provide academic and technical reference for enterprises to actualize the networked technical service.
Wireless Technology Study and the Use of Smart Sensors for Intelligent Control and Automation

With advances in processing power of embedded smart sensors, it is possible to incorporate enough intelligence into a small package to enhance an existing platform while reducing data flow requirements on legacy systems. The addition of a wireless interface to these sensors is possible as well. This paper covers information on current wireless technologies and examples on how smart wireless sensors can be used to develop diagnostic and prognostic wireless health monitoring nodes. This study provides the knowledge needed to design the wireless infrastructure for a wireless health monitoring system. This paper presents the current wireless technologies which may be used for wireless sensors and the advantages and disadvantages of each standard. The technology presented within this paper was successfully demonstrated on various health monitoring applications. The last section of this paper shows a few wireless health monitoring applications developed by the applied research laboratory. The first application demonstrates a Windows based application developed on a PC-104 platform for monitoring fuel system health and reconfigures system for optimal usage of pump and filters. The other applications were developed using a SHARC-based system for providing diagnostic and prognostic assessments of gearbox systems
The V(D)J recombination defect in the xrs-6 cell line results from a point mutation in the Ku80 gene

Defective expression of the Ku80 gene has been implicated as underlying the V(D)J recombination and DNA double-strand break repair defects in the xrs-6 Chinese hamster ovary cell line. We now show that the mutation in the Ku80 gene Involves a G to A transition 15 bp upstream of exon 2. This mutation creates a new splice acceptor site which results in the generation of a Ku80 transcript that cannot encode a functional product due a 13 nucleotide insertion and a resulting frameshlft.
Pressing the Subject: Habermas and the Death Drive

In the wake of Foucault's reckoning and Habermas's "counterreckoning" for subjectivity, critical theory is still in the midst of what Axel Honneth has called "far-reaching crisis" in its conception of the autonomous human subject. In this paper I contribute to this debate by returning critical theory to its forgotten roots in psychoanalysis. In particular I connect Habermas's and Honneth's accounts of the subject to the work of object-relations psychoanalyst Melanie Klein. I argue that Klein's work helps correct two missteps in Habermas's theory of the subject that make it ill-suited to contribute fully to contemporary debates. In the end I argue that Klein's work can be integrated into critical theory to provide an account of an "enriched" subject that remains sensitive to the disruptions and discontinuities within subjective life.
Debate: Judicial Activism and its Critics

Judicial activism, writes Professor Kermit Roosevelt, of Penn, has been employed as an excessive and unhelpful charge - one essentially empty of content. As a substitute, Roosevelt reviews here the framework for analysis of Supreme Court opinions that receives fuller treatment in his recent book, The Myth of Judicial Activism. Professor Richard W. Garnett, of Notre Dame, is willing to go along with much, though not all, of Roosevelt's position. Ultimately, Garnett suggests that 'judicial activism' might be salvaged, and used as a way of identifying and criticizing decisions . . . that fail to demonstrate th[e] virtue of constitutional humility.
Differences in Health Behaviors of Overweight or Obese College Students Compared to Healthy Weight Students

Background: Obesity continues to be an epidemic in college students, yet research is warranted to determine whether obesity increases the likelihood of risky health behaviors in this population. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and health behaviors in college students. Methods: A sample of 758 college students who completed an online health behavior survey were categorized based on their BMI. Chi-square analysis was used to examine the association between health behaviors and BMI. Summative health risk scores were compared using independent samples t test. Results: With the exception of sexual practices, there were few differences in reported health behaviors between BMI classification; however, a statistical significance (P = .024) was found between BMI groups on the Health Risk subscale. Discussion: The results of this study revealed little differences between BMI and health behaviors in college students and reinforced previous findings that...
Modeling humans as peers and supervisors in computing systems through runtime models

There is a growing demand for more effective integration of humans and computing systems, specifically in multiagent and multirobot systems. There are two aspects to consider in human integration: (1) the ability to control an arbitrary number of robots (particularly heterogeneous robots) and (2) integrating humans as peers in computing systems instead of being just users or supervisors. With traditional supervisory control of multirobot systems, the number of robots that a human can manage effectively is between four and six [17]. A limitation of traditional supervisory control is that the human must interact individually with each robot, which limits the upper-bound on the number of robots that a human can control effectively. In this work, I define the concept of "organizational control" together with an autonomous mechanism that can perform task allocation and other low-level housekeeping duties, which significantly reduces the need for the human to interact with individual robots. Humans are very versatile and robust in the types of tasks they can accomplish. However, failures in computing systems are common and thus redundancies are included to mitigate the chance of failure. When all redundancies have failed, system failure will occur and the computing system will be unable to accomplish its tasks. One way to further reduce the chance of a system failure is to integrate humans as peer "agents" in the computing system. As part of the system, humans can be assigned tasks that would have been impossible to complete due to failures.
A comparative physiological and behavioral study of freeze and hot-iron branding using dairy cows.

A public debate has recently arisen, largely surrounding the issue of pain, over whether freeze or hot-iron branding should be the preferred method of permanently identifying cattle. This study addressed that question by quantifying the following accepted measures of distress and pain over a 25-min sampling period: elevated heart rate, concentrations of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, and escape-avoidance reactions and vocalizations. Twenty-four dairy cows (15 Holsteins and 9 Jerseys) were assigned to one of three treatments: freeze-branded (F), hot-iron-branded (H), or sham-branded (S), in which a room-temperature brander was applied. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations showed no discernible trends. Plasma cortisol concentrations were elevated in the F and H cows from 5.5 min to 25.5 min postbranding (P = .04). Heart rate, analyzed as a proportion of the prebranding mean, showed that H cows had a greater, more acute, response than did F cows (P = .04), which exhibited a more prolonged response (P = .07). No cows vocalized during branding; however, H cows had a greater escape-avoidance reaction toward branding than did the F and S cows. Both methods of branding produced elevated heart rates and cortisol concentrations indicative of pain sensations. Because the cows exhibited a greater escape-avoidance reaction and heart rate proportions to hot-iron branding, freeze banding would be preferable to hot-iron branding when feasible.
PROTEIN KINASE C-α INHIBITS ANGIOGENESIS INDUCED BY PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR C IN HYPERGLYCEMIC ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

Diabetes is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases with impaired angiogenesis. We have previously shown that expression of platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGF-C) and its receptor, PDGF receptor α (PDGFR-α) was downregulated in ischemic limbs of diabetic mice, although the
Physicians’ attitudes and practices regarding treatment of HIV-infected patients

ABSTRACTWe conducted a statewide survey to identify physicians' experiences, attitudes, and practices related to HIV-infected patients. A random sample, stratified by medical specialty (primary care, surgery, emergency medicine), was drawn. Physicians were concerned about contagion and inadequate kn
More on Spanish War Dogs in Canyon De Chelly Rock Art: A Reply to Jett

ABSTRACTWhile certain details which characterize “war dogs” are absent from the group of quadrupeds discussed by Jett (1981), their overall forms convey a sharp distinction from the mounted horses in the Spanish Expedition Mural making a hypothetical interpretation possible.
Background and Significance

The modern field of instructional design is like others that are based on high technology—dynamic and progressively complex so there’s always a new concept, procedure or software package coming along. One of the latest concepts to become part of the field is that of learning objects. Associated fields such as software engineering have the related concept of object oriented design and programming. In their text Programming Concepts in Java, J.N. Patterson, Hume and Christine Stephenson define an object as “An object is a set of data and the methods which operate on that data” ( Patterson Hume and Stephenson 1998, p. 11).
Partial projective resampling method for dimension reduction

In many regression applications, the predictors naturally fall into two categories: "the predictors of primary interest" and "the predictors of secondary interest". It is often desirable to have a dimension reduction method that focuses on the predictors of primary interest while controlling the effect of the predictors of secondary interest. To achieve this goal, a partial dimension reduction method via projective resampling of a composite vector containing the response variable(s) and the predictors of secondary interest is proposed. The proposed method is general in the sense that the predictors of secondary interest can be quantitative, categorical or a combination of both. An application of the proposed method for estimation in partially linear models is emphasized. The performance of the proposed method is assessed and compared with other competing methods via extensive simulation. The empirical results show that, in addition to the superior estimation accuracy, the proposed method has a considerable computational advantage. We also demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method by analyzing two real datasets.
Human and social capital determinants of translational activity in medical sciences

This article examines how human and social capital affect the production of medical innovation outputs along the translational research continuum. Despite efforts like the National Institutes of Health Clinical and Translational Sciences Award program to institutionalize translational research, significant gaps exist between the different stages of the translational process due in large part to the compartmentalization of medical careers and disciplinary specialization. Applying human and social capital theories, the article develops tests hypotheses using a multilevel model and data from a network survey of researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago to explain production of translational innovation (dissemination, new clinical activity, and new intervention). Findings show that human capital variables are less important than social capital variables. Effects of cross-disciplinarity and translational network size are weak and only associated to one of the innovation types. By contrast, exchange of a variety of resources across the collaborative relationship is consistently important for the production innovations.
Positional Game Control of Ship in Collision Situations

Abstract The paper concerns the application of elements of the game theory for the purpose of optimal control of some dynamic continuous processes. Using as an example the process of safe ship's control, the paper presents the problem of applying a positional noncooperative game of "j" objects for the description of the process considered as well as for the synthesis of optimal strategies. A mathematical model of differential game is formulated and its approximation in the form of linear programming problem is used for the synthesis of safe ship's trajectory as a multistage process decision. The considerations have been illustrated an example of a computer simulation the POSGAME programme to determine the safe ship's trajectory in situation of passing a big number of the objects encountered, recorded on the ship's radar screen in real navigational situation at sea.
Fed (Up) with Gyoza and Vodka: Oldboy’s Forbidden Fruit of Alterity

In this chapter delves into the eight-volume Japanese manga Oldboy (1997) and the K-horror (Chan-wook Park) and American (Spike Lee) remakes in 2003 and 2013. Japan’s and South Korea’s texts share in the ambiguity of eating and vomiting, of consuming to sustain life and being consumed in a slow death, of loving and hating the tabooed. All three Japanese, Korean, and American protagonists are devoured by respective societies, kept barely alive by daily Chinese takeout of gyoza to the point that they are fed up with them. The three protracted paths of revenge turn out to be a probe into repressed memories and unconscious, Oedipal incest.
Abstract 59: Engineering glypican-3 targeting immunotoxins for the treatment of liver cancer

The expression of glypican-3 (GPC3) in hepatocellular carcinoma offers a target with high tissue specificity and cell signaling implications. A human single domain antibody discovered by phage display technology, HN3, was fused to domain II and domain III of Pseudomonas exotoxin A. This protein (HN3-PE38) showed a high level of cytotoxic activity with a IC50 of 0.4 nM on Hep3B cells, but a relatively low maximum tolerated dose of 0.8 mg/kg in mice. In order to produce an immunotoxin with reduced toxicity, a new version was constructed that removed domain II and seven B cell epitopes from the Pseudomonas toxin. This deimmunized immunotoxin (HN3-mPE24) was shown to have a similar IC50 of 0.2 nM on Hep3B cells. To determine if further deimmunization was possible, three new versions have been generated with T cell epitopes or a series of both B and T cell epitopes removed. These include the HN3-T20 immunotoxin which had six T cell epitopes removed, HN3-T19 with 4 B cell, 4 T cell and 2 shared epitopes, and HN3-M11 with 5 B cell, 4 T cell and 2 shared epitopes. A comparative analysis of these immunotoxins was made using in vitro cell proliferation assays using Hep3B. Both the HN3-T20 (IC50 = 0.6 nM) and HN3-T19 (IC50 = 0.8 nM) immunotoxins had similar activity to HN3-mPE24 (IC50 = 0.7 nM) in a side by side comparison. The HN3-M11 variant had poor cytotoxicity and was excluded from in vivo examination. A Hep3B subcutaneous xenograft model was generated in athymic nude mice and was followed by nine rounds of intravenous immunotoxin treatments. The mPE24, T20 and T19 immunotoxins all showed an increase in average survival rate 70 days (mPE24), 76 days (T20) and 72 days (T19) when compared to the 55 days for PE38 and the 41 days for PBS alone. Additionally, the T20 and the T19 showed a maximum tolerated dose that was similar to that of the mPE24 with dosages as high as 10 mg/kg being well tolerated. This data would suggest that the HN3-T19 immunotoxins has potential clinical applications because it represents the most deimmunized immunotoxin to date. Citation Format: Bryan D. Fleming, Brittany Nixon, Ira Pastan, Mitchell Ho. Engineering glypican-3 targeting immunotoxins for the treatment of liver cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 59. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-59
Design of a 3D printed insole with embedded plantar pressure sensor arrays

Taking advantage of additive manufacturing and 3D printing, we have designed a 3D printed insole with embedded plantar pressure sensor arrays. 3D printing allowed us to uniquely design a multitude of sensors. With the use of extrusion-based 3D printers, we produced a model that printed both the resistive circuits and a complete insole simultaneously. These distinctive technologies have given us the capability to capture valuable pressure data from the insole of the foot. Analog signals sent from the pressure sensor arrays are received and processed through an attached multiplexer designed specifically for this application. The signal is then digitized and transmitted over the SPI to a microcontroller via Bluetooth Low Energy, to an android device to allow the user to easily record and interpret the pressure data in real-time. The android device houses a pressure mapping view to show the gradient of force throughout the insole.
Drop instillation and glaucoma.

Purpose of reviewTo describe the current state of knowledge regarding glaucoma patients’ eye drop technique, interventions attempting to improve eye drop technique, and methods for assessing eye drop technique.Recent findingsIn observational studies, between 18.2 and 80% of patients contaminate thei
Youth and Experience: The Effect of Surgeon Experience on Outcomes in Cerebral Palsy Scoliosis Surgery.

Abstract Background Series on the learning curve in spinal deformity surgery have been published, but none has addressed neuromuscular spinal deformity, comprised of arguably the most complex cases. We present the first multi-center analysis of the impact of surgeon experience on neuromuscular spinal deformity surgery. Methods A multi-center prospective study of spinal deformity surgery for cerebral palsy (CP) with at least 2 years of follow-up provided the dataset for assessment. Surgeons were categorized into one of two groups based on their self-reported first year of practice: an experienced surgeons (ES) group included those with at least 10 years of experience at the time of surgery and a young surgeons (YS) group included those with fewer than 10 years of experience at time of surgery. Groups were compared in multiple pre-operative, operative, and post-operative outcomes. Results The YS group had 8 surgeons who performed 59 surgeries; the ES group had 13 surgeons who performed 103 cases, with one surgeon's cases distributed in both groups. The YS group had a greater proportion of patients with severe mental retardation (89.7% vs. 68.6%, p = .01). Duration of surgery was greater in the YS group (456 vs. 344 minutes, p Conclusions In performing scoliosis surgery on CP patients, surgeons with fewer than ten years of practice experience demonstrate significantly greater average operative time and decreased mean number of levels fused, yet produce similar clinical outcomes to more experienced surgeons. Level of Evidence Level III, therapeutic.
SecureMR: secure mapreduce using homomorphic encryption and program partitioning

In cloud computing customers upload data and computation to cloud providers. As they cede their data to the cloud provider, they may cede data confidentiality. We develop SecureMR, a system that analyzes and transforms MapReduce programs to operate over encrypted data. SecureMR makes use of partially homomorphic encryption and a trusted client. We evaluate SecureMR on a set of MapReduce benchmarks.
Large-scale terahertz active arrays in silicon using highly-versatile electromagnetic structures

The high integration capability of silicon technologies, as well as the small wavelength of terahertz (THz) signals, make it possible to build a high-density, very-large-scale active THz array on a single chip. This is, however, very challenging in practice, due to the low device efficiency and large footprint of conventional circuit designs. To address these problems, we introduce a set of compact while versatile circuits, which utilize the multi-mode behaviors from structures with tight device-electromagnetic integration. These circuits have enabled large-scale (1) homogeneous arrays for high-power, collimated radiation, and (2) heterogeneous arrays for fast broadband spectral scanning. In particular, 0.1-mW power generation (20-mW effective isotropically-radiated power) at 1 THz, simultaneous transmit/receive capability, and high-parallelism molecular spectroscopy are demonstrated. New opportunities that these works bring about are also discussed.
Plasma flow measurements in the Prototype-Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (Proto-MPEX) and comparison with B2.5-Eirene modeling

The Prototype Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (Proto-MPEX) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a linear plasma device that combines a helicon plasma source with additional microwave and radio frequency heating to deliver high plasma heat and particle fluxes to a target. Double Langmuir probes and Thomson scattering are being used to measure local electron temperature and density at various radial and axial locations. A recently constructed Mach-double probe provides the added capability of simultaneously measuring electron temperatures ( T e), electron densities ( n e), and Mach numbers (M). With this diagnostic, it is possible to infer the plasma flow, particle flux, and heat flux at different locations along the plasma column in Proto-MPEX. Preliminary results show Mach numbers of 0.5 (towards the dump plate) and 1.0 (towards the target plate) downstream from the helicon source, and a stagnation point (no flow) near the source for the case where the peak magnetic field was 1.3 T. Measurements of par...
Correction: Aromaticity gain increases the inherent association strengths of multipoint hydrogen-bonded arrays

Correction for ‘Aromaticity gain increases the inherent association strengths of multipoint hydrogen-bonded arrays’ by Chia-Hua Wu et al., Chem. Commun., 2018, 54, 3512–3515.
Risk assessment: short-term exposure at various ages.

Studies to estimate tumor incidence are frequently conducted in rodents exposed daily to a chemical for approximately two years. Dosing may be followed by a period of several weeks to allow tumors to develop before terminating the study. Exposure of humans to many carcinogens may occur for less than a lifetime; from occupations, changing lifestyles, or accidents. The question arises as to how to estimate the risk of tumors for short-term exposure at various ages from lifetime chronic bioassays.
Effects of diclofenac or ketorolac on the inhibitory activity of cidofovir in the Ad5/NZW rabbit model.

Purpose The goal of this study was to determine the effects of concurrent therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the antiviral activity of cidofovir on adenovirus replication and the formation of subepithelial infiltrates in the Ad5/New Zealand White rabbit ocular model. Methods According to two protocols, 20 rabbits were inoculated in both eyes with Ad5 topically to study adenovirus replication, and 20 rabbits were inoculated in both eyes topically and intrastromally to study the formation of subepithelial infiltrates. Animals were randomized to four masked treatment groups: group I, 0.5% cidofovir + artificial tears; group II, 0.5% cidofovir + 0.5% ketorolac tromethamine; group III, 0.5% cidofovir + 0.1% diclofenac sodium; and group IV, control + artificial tears. Cidofovir and control were administered to both eyes twice daily for 7 days, and artificial tears, ketorolac, and diclofenac four times daily for 14 days. Eyes were cultured on days 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14. Results Compared with the control group, all cidofovir-treated groups demonstrated significant antiviral effects on adenovirus replication. There were no differences in adenovirus replication among the cidofovir-treated groups (I, II, and III), nor were there any differences among all groups (I-IV) in the formation of subepithelial infiltrates. Conclusions Concurrent treatment of ketorolac or diclofenac with cidofovir did not diminish its antiviral inhibitory activity on adenovirus replication, nor did it prevent the formation of subepithelial infiltrates in the rabbit model.
[TeSe3]2– as a tridentate ligand: syntheses and crystal structures of [PPh4][(CpM(μ2–Se2))3(μ3–O)(μ3–TeSe3)] (M = Zr, Hf)

Abstract The isostructural compounds [PPh4][(CpM(μ2-Se2))3(μ3-O)(μ3-TeSe3)] (M = Zr, Hf) have been synthesized by the reactions of Na2[TeSe3] with Cp2MCl2 in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The structure of the anion comprises a triangle of MCp groups bridged by μ2-Se2 groups and capped by a μ3-TeSe3 and a μ3-O group. These compounds represent the first examples of the μ3-TeSe32– ligand capping a metal system. To cite this article : S.M. Dibrov, J.A. Ibers, C. R. Chimie 8 (2005).
The Faraday Society and the Birth of Polymer Science

Another lens through which to view the birth of polymer science is the foremost community of physical chemists in the early twentieth century, The Faraday Society.