cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia-induced Regulation of MAPK Phosphatase-1 as Identified by Subtractive Suppression Hybridization and cDNA Microarray Analysis

Subtractive suppression hybridization was used to generate a cDNA library enriched in cDNA sequences corresponding to mRNA species that are specifically up-regulated by hypoxia (6 h, 1% O(2)) in the oxygen-responsive pheochromocytoma cell line. The dual specificity protein-tyrosine phosphatase MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) was highly represented in this library. Clones were arrayed on glass slides to create a hypoxia-specific cDNA microarray chip. Microarray, northern blot, and western blot analyses confirmed that MKP-1 mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated by hypoxia by approximately 8-fold. The magnitude of the effect of hypoxia on MKP-1 was approximately equal to that induced by KCl depolarization and much larger than the effects of either epidermal growth factor or nerve growth factor on MKP-1 mRNA levels. In contrast to the calcium-dependent induction of MKP-1 by KCl depolarization, the effect of hypoxia on MKP-1 persisted under calcium-free conditions. Cobalt and deferoxamine also increased MKP-1 mRNA levels, suggesting that hypoxia-inducible factor proteins may play a role in the regulation of MKP-1 by hypoxia. Pretreatment of cells with SB203580, which inhibits p38 kinase activity, significantly reduced the hypoxia-induced increase in MKP-1 RNA levels. Thus, hypoxia robustly increases MKP-1 levels, at least in part through a p38 kinase-mediated mechanism.
Use of spectral anomaly signature feature to improve ROC performance

Track features help reduce the number of false associations during tracking. It is expected that the spectral signature vector from a target would tend to be consistent over short periods of time. Therefore, the spectral signature vector direction is a potential track feature candidate. The target's spectral signature and covariance are measured from the data at the output of the spatial-spectral match filter. The spectral vector feature is not independent from the local signal to clutter plus noise ratio (S(C+N)R), at the output of the anomaly detector which is often also used as a track feature. A correction term is introduced in this paper to account for the correlation between these two features. Results from field data collections using a multi-spectral Infra-Red Search and Track System (IRST) are summarized with ROC curves showing the performance improvements achieved by using the unit spectral vector as a feature for both moving and stationary targets.
Bone marrow biopsy in patients with hepatitis C virus infection: Spectrum of findings and diagnostic utility†

Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection develop a number of hematologic disorders, with benign and malignant B-cell proliferations being the most common. HCV-infected patients are also prone to developing peripheral cytopenias, the etiologies of which are multifactorial and include hypersplenism and/or antiviral medications. Some of these patients may undergo bone marrow biopsy but no study has systematically recorded the bone marrow findings in this patient group. Here, we report on the range of bone marrow findings in 47 adult HCV-infected patients. These patients, who lacked concurrent human immunodefiency virus (HIV) infection, most commonly presented for a bone marrow biopsy due to abnormal peripheral cell counts. The bone marrow biopsies displayed a range of findings. Dyserythropoiesis, present in 19% of the cases, was the most common finding. Patients with pancytopenia(n = 6), as defined by current World Health Organization standards, were the most likely to have bone marrow abnormalities; two pancytopenic patients had acute myeloid leukemia, and one patient had a primary myelodysplastic syndrome. There was no correlation in bone marrow findings and antiviral medications, MELD score, cirrhosis or splenomegaly, suggesting that the degree of bone marrow dysfunction is independent of stage of HCV. The results of this study suggest that bone marrow biopsy in HCV-infected patients, even those with features of hypersplenism and/or documented antiviral therapy, can be a valid test for hematologic evaluation, especially for patients with severe pancytopenia and/or sudden alterations in peripheral cell counts.
Huntington's disease: correlations of mental status with chorea.

Abstract We have studied 10 Huntington's disease (HD) outpatients to investigate the relationship between chorea and the psychiatric manifestations of this disease. We used neuropsy-chological tests sensitive to memory and diffuse cerebral dysfunction and a new, simple, objective test of chorea to study the relationship between chorea and dementia. Using SADS/DSM-III diagnoses, we replicated previous findings of the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders associated with HD. A new finding in this study was the strong relationship between the severity of chorea and that of dementia, particularly regarding memory loss. Implications of this finding are discussed in light of the neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia and frontal lobes.
Gauge-covariant deformations, symmetries, and free parameters of string theory.

We examine the first-order deformations of the stress tensor of the free bosonic conformal field theory which preserve the two mutually commuting copies of the Virasoro algebra and involve just two derivatives. We find a much richer structure than canonical deformations, and, without using ghosts, exhibit a distinct deformation of the stress tensor for every solution to the linearized covariant equations of motion for the massless modes of the bosonic string. We are thus able to derive explicitly all general coordinate and two-form gauge transformations, about flat space-time, and we argue that all zero modes generate symmetries if we admit auxiliary fields. We also show that, to first order, there exists in addition a finite number of deformations, associated with world-sheet instantons, which may correspond to free parameters of string theory.
Amperometric method for the determination of superoxide dismutase activity at physiological pH

Abstract An amperometric method for the determination of superoxide dismutase activity is reported. Superoxide is produced by the enzymatic reaction of xanthine oxidase and detected at a poised potential of 0.000 V vs. SCE using a glassy carbon electrode. Limits of detection are 8 × 10 −11 M at pH 7.0 and 2 × 10 −12 M at pH 9.0.
Economics and operations management: towards a theory of endogenous production speed

A firm chooses the production speed and amount of labor that maximizes profit in a perfectly competitive market. Faster production raises management expenses and the unit cost of production mistakes. Adding workers enhances the division of labor on the production line and raises work-in-process inventory. When the division of labor is high, a rise in the wage can increase the optimal production speed and quantity of output. When price falls, optimal production speed and optimal division of labor can move in opposite directions. Output quantity can also rise, generating a downward sloping supply curve in the absence of increasing returns to scale. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of the adrenergic receptor blocking agents on the ganglionic transmission

Abstract The effects of α- and β-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs given intra-arterially or intravenously were investigated on the postganglionic action potentials evoked by repetitive preganglionic stimulation of varying intensity in the in situ superior cervical ganglion preparation of the rabbit. When injected intra-arterially to the ganglion dihydro-erogotamine was usually ineffective in altering ganglionic transmission whereas phentolamine did cause a marked depression. Both drugs blocked the inhibitory action of norepinephrine on the transmission. These α-blockers produced a transient partial inhibition in ganglion transmission when injected intravenously at conventional doses. The β-blockers, propranolol, pronethalol and sotalol, depressed ganglionic transmission markedly when injected intra-arterially. However, only the latter drug was found to depress transmission when it was given intravenously at doses adequate to block β-receptors in the other structures. The results do not favor any hypothetical modulatory action of catecholamines in ganglionic transmission.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of energy deposition by protons and alpha particles in silicon

We present spatial and temporal distributions of energy deposition in silicon obtained from Monte Carlo simulations with Geant4. Detailed simulations are performed for protons and alphas over a wide energy range and include contributions from discrete /spl delta/-rays and nuclear reactions. The simulation technique we employ produces physically realistic complex track structures for which the plausibility is evaluated by comparison to the linear energy transfer, radial dose, and temporal characteristics described in previous works. The variability of events, including the distribution of energy deposition at varying distances from the ion track is discussed. Finally, we examine the temporal evolution of extreme events to investigate the physicality of the common assumption that energy deposition can be considered instantaneous.
Are the phosphatases released by Daphnia magna components of its food?1

A laboratory culture of Daphnia magna was fed an axenic culture of Chlamydomonas acidophila. The predominant enzyme released by the zooplankter was a soluble alkaline phosphatase but it also released a smaller quantity of acid phosphatase. Five enzymes were released from the alga by the neutral detergent Triton X-100: two alkaline phosphatases and three acid phosphatases. Alkaline and acid phosphatases from each organism differed in Michaelis constant (p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate), degree of inhibition by o-phosphate, and anion exchange chromatographic behavior. We conclude that D. magna produces its own phosphatases, suggesting that it participates directly in the phosphorus regeneration mechanisms that aid the growth of its food resource.
Vitamin D concentration in newborn cord blood is correlated with maternal intake of supplemental vitamin D, and lower levels are associated with increased risk of the infant developing eczema

Commentary on: Jones AP, Palmer D, Zhang G, et al. Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and allergic disease during infancy. Pediatrics 2012;130:e1128–35.[OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] The human fetus is dependent on maternal vitamin D status during gestation. Vitamin D deficiency rates in pregnant women have been reported as being more than 70% in some clinical practices.1 Our understanding of prenatal vitamin D's role in modulating immune function and the risk of developing allergic disorders is still in its infancy. Jones and colleagues recently examined whether vitamin D3 levels in cord blood were associated … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DPediatrics%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1542%252Fpeds.2012-1172%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F23090338%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=pediatrics&resid=130/5/e1128&atom=%2Febnurs%2F16%2F4%2F105.atom
Water Productivity, Yield, and Berry Composition in Sustained versus Regulated Deficit Irrigation of Merlot Grapevines

The winegrape cultivar Merlot ( Vitis vinifera L.) was irrigated over eight growing seasons at three severities of sustained deficit irrigation (SDI): a standard (STD) amount that provided 90% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and 70 or 35% of the standard amount (STD70, STD35) or by a regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) regime that provided the STD35 amount preveraison and the STD70 from veraison until harvest. This work discusses data collected during the final three seasons. Vines under STD irrigation had the greatest proportion of large berries (~1.2 g size category), and large berries, regardless of irrigation regime, had lower concentrations of soluble solids and anthocyanins and higher anthocyanin content per berry than small berries (~0.6 g size category). In berries of similar size, the concentration of soluble solids and the anthocyanin content per berry were higher under RDI than under STD or STD35 and were similar under RDI and STD70. As irrigation amount under SDI decreased 62% from STD to STD35, yield, berry weight, and pruning weight decreased (44, 24, and 55%, respectively) and water productivity increased (24%). The STD70 treatment produced the greatest quantity of fruit with desirable berry composition. Seasonal water use was 15% less under RDI than under STD70; however, the water productivity of both treatments was similar due to reduced berry size and yield under RDI relative to STD70. The RDI regime provides an irrigation option for producing fruit of desirable composition when water conservation necessitates acceptance of a reduction in yield.
Non-existence of equilibria in simultaneous auctions with a common budget-constraint

I analyze an auction environment where two units of an object are sold at two simultaneous, sealed-bid, first-price auctions to bidders who have a one-dimensional type space, where a type represents the value a bidder places on each of the two units. All bidders have an identical budget constraint that binds their ability to spend in the auctions. I show that if the valuation distribution is atom-less then there does not exist any equilibrium in behavioral strategies in this auction game.
Global Armed Conflict? The Threshold of Extraterritorial Non-International Armed Conflicts

The law of armed conflict is structured around State-centric concepts of sovereignty and territory, and is designed for either inter-State conflicts or for purely internal armed conflicts. Today, conflicts such as the Israeli-Hezbollah war of 2006, the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan that has spilled over into Pakistan and the U.S. global armed conflict against Al Qaeda challenge this traditional State-centric structure of the law. As a result, there is considerable debate as to how such extraterritorial hostilities (i.e., those that cross State borders) should be characterized. This article focuses on the question of when hostilities with armed groups operating across State borders may be classified as an armed conflict, thereby affecting how force may be used and what rules apply for detention. Although the article concludes that extraterritorial conflicts may qualify as non-international armed conflicts, it suggests that to erase territorial boundaries from the equation entirely when establishing the existence of an armed conflict raises challenges to the structure of the law and some of its underlying purposes. In particular, the article discusses the obstacles in assessing the intensity requirement and identifying the parties to the conflict. The separate and contentious issue regarding the geographic boundaries of existing extraterritorial armed conflicts is also briefly examined.
Electrolytic charge inversion at the liquid–solid interface in a nanopore in a doped semiconductor membrane

The electrostatics of a nanopore in a doped semiconductor membrane immersed in an electrolyte is studied with a numerical model. Unlike dielectric membranes that always attract excess positive ion charges at the electrolyte/membrane interface whenever a negative surface charge is present, semiconductor membranes exhibit more versatility in controlling the double layer at the membrane surface. The presence of dopant charge in the semiconductor membrane, the shape of the nanopore and the negative surface charge resulting from the pore fabrication process have competing influences on the double layer formation. The inversion of the electrolyte surface charge from negative to positive is observed for n-Si membranes as a function of the membrane surface charge density, while no such inversion occurs for dielectric and p-Si membranes.
Electronic structures and current conductivities of B, C, N and F defects in amorphous titanium dioxide

Although titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively studied and widely used in energy and environmental areas, the amorphous form and its related defect properties are poorly understood. Recent studies, however, have emphasized the crucial role of amorphousness in producing competitively good performances in photochemical applications. In this work we have investigated for the first time the effects of various dopants (B, C, N and F) on charge carrier transport in amorphous titanium dioxide (a-TiO2), given that doping is a common technique used to tune the electronic properties of semiconductors, and that the existence of these impurities could also be unintentionally introduced during the synthesis process. The a-TiO2 model was obtained using a classical molecular dynamics method, followed by density-functional theory calculations (DFT + U, with Hubbard correction term U) on electronic structures and defect states. The formation of these impurity defects in a-TiO2 was found to be energetically more favorable by several eV than their crystal counterparts (in rutile). The contributions of these defect states to the charge transfer processes were examined by means of Marcus theory.
Administrative Policy Initiatives and the Limits of Change: Lessons from the Implementation of the Bush Faith‐Based and Community Initiative

The Faith-Based and Community Initiative (FBCI) was one of the most high profile domestic policy initiatives of the G. W. Bush administration and a unique exercise in administrative policy making. This analysis of federal-level implementation examines the actions taken to operationalize the FBCI and to realize its goals of enabling faith-based and community organizations (FBCOs) to provide social services with federal funding. Despite being labeled as social welfare policy, the FBCI was more a special-purpose procurement policy. As an administrative policy initiative, the FBCI succeeded in those areas subject to the greatest level of executive branch influence: administrative rule changes and federal agency spending. These actions made for a legacy of success in establishing a reformed federal procurement environment for FBCOs. However, the FBCI was less successful in substantially altering the position of small, new-entrant FBCOs in the competitive federal funding process relative to larger secular nonprofits. La iniciativa con base en la fe y la comunidad (FBCI por sus siglas en ingles) fue una de las iniciativas de ley con mayor prominencia publica en la administracion de G. W. Bush y un ejercicio unico en la elaboracion de politicas. Este analisis de una implementacion a nivel federal examina las acciones tomadas para llevar a cabo el FBCI y cumplir sus objetivos de permitir que organizaciones comunitarias y religiosas (FBCOs por sus siglas en ingles) fueran capaces de brindar servicios sociales con el financiamiento del estado. A pesar de ser catalogada como una politica de bienestar social, la FBCI fue una iniciativa con el proposito de obtener algo en especifico. Debido al estatus de iniciativa politica administrativa, la FBCI tenia influencia sobre las areas de mayor autoridad ejecutiva: el cambio de reglas administrativas y el gasto de agencias federales. Estas acciones culminaron en el establecimiento de un sistema federal reformado pasa las FBCOs. Sin embargo, la FBCI tuvo menos exito para alterar de manera sustancial la posicion de nuevas y pequenas FBCOs en el competitivo proceso de financiamiento federal en relacion a organizaciones sin animo de lucro seculares.
Investor Sentiment, Post-Earnings Announcement Drift, and Accruals

There is growing evidence in the finance literature that investor sentiment affects stock prices. We examine whether stock price reactions to earnings surprises and accruals vary systematically with the level of investor sentiment. Using quarterly drift tests and monthly trading strategy (calendar time) tests, we find evidence that holding extreme good news firms following pessimistic sentiment periods earns significantly higher abnormal returns than holding extreme good news firms following optimistic sentiment periods. Similarly, our results suggest that holding low accrual firms following pessimistic sentiment periods earns significantly higher abnormal returns than holding low accrual firms following optimistic sentiment periods. We also document that abnormal returns in the short-window around preliminary earnings announcements for extreme good news firms are significantly higher during periods of low sentiment than during periods of high sentiment. Overall, our results indicate that investor sentiment influences the source of excess returns from earnings-based trading strategies.
Passive control of liquid water storage and distribution in a PEFC through flow-field design

Liquid water stored in the diffusion media (DM) in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) can dramatically impact steady and transient performance, degradation, and heat transfer. In this study, seven different flow-field designs, with landing-to-channel (L:C) ratio from 1:3 to 2:1, were investigated at dry and fully humidified conditions, using neutron imaging. The results revealed the impact of flow-field geometry on stored liquid overhead is significant. In some cases, the stored water content in the cell can be nearly double that of another design, despite similar performances at low to medium current density. In general, a smaller L:C ratio reduces flooding losses and minimizes the stored water content. Additionally, the channel–DM interface plays a key role. For the same L:C ratio, a reduced number of channel–DM interfaces was shown to reduce flooding and stored liquid water content at steady state. This also suggests that using proper flow-field design can decrease the parasitic power consumption and the stored water content in the cell without any sacrifice from the cell performance. For dryer operating conditions, however, membrane dehydration becomes a dominant effect and a high landing-to-channel ratio flow-field is higher performing.
Ultrastructure and gliding motility of Mycoplasma amphoriforme, a possible human respiratory pathogen.

Despite their small size and reduced genomes, many mycoplasma cells have complex structures involved in virulence. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has served as a model for the study of virulence factors of a variety of mycoplasma species that cause disease in humans and animals. These cells feature an attachment organelle, which mediates cytadherence and gliding motility and is required for virulence. An essential component of the architecture of the attachment organelle is an internal detergent-insoluble structure, the electron-dense core. Little information is known regarding its underlying mechanisms. Mycoplasma amphoriforme, a close relative of both M. pneumoniae and the avian pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum, is a recently discovered organism associated with chronic bronchitis in immunosuppressed individuals. This work describes both the ultrastructure of M. amphoriforme strain A39T as visualized by scanning electron microscopy and the gliding motility characteristics of this organism on glass. Though externally resembling M. gallisepticum, M. amphoriforme cells were found to have a Triton X-100-insoluble structure similar to the M. pneumoniae electron-dense core but with different dimensions. M. amphoriforme also exhibited gliding motility using time-lapse microcinematography; its movement was slower than that of either M. pneumoniae or M. gallisepticum.
Partons in nuclei

We study the different explanations of the European Muon Collaboration effect. Although the theoretical models are very sensitive to input free-nucleon structure functions, we find that each has distinctive testable traits. Therefore, we examine different reactions to see which can distinguish the models. Deep-inelastic (anti)neutrino-nucleus scattering data are examined, but we find that the model differences to be exposed by this process are small. J/\ensuremath{\psi} production in lepton-nucleus collision is, in principle, capable of determining the nuclear gluon distribution, but there are too many difficulties to successfully separate the different models. We find that the Drell-Yan process is better suited than antineutrino scattering to determine the nuclear ocean distributions. These may be studied in an experimentally accessible kinematic region in which a quark from the projectile annihilates with a nuclear antiquark.
Salvage therapies after radiation therapy.

a Department of Surgery, Urology Service Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY 10021, USA b Department of Urology and the UCSF-Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA c Department of Urologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA d Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations 30 (2012) 940–941
Supporting crop pollinators with floral resources: network‐based phenological matching

The production of diverse and affordable agricultural crop species depends on pollination services provided by bees. Indeed, the proportion of pollinator-dependent crops is increasing globally. Agriculture relies heavily on the domesticated honeybee; the services provided by this single species are under threat and becoming increasingly costly. Importantly, the free pollination services provided by diverse wild bee communities have been shown to be sufficient for high agricultural yields in some systems. However, stable, functional wild bee communities require floral resources, such as pollen and nectar, throughout their active season, not just when crop species are in flower. To target floral provisioning efforts to conserve and support native and managed bee species, we apply network theoretical methods incorporating plant and pollinator phenologies. Using a two-year dataset comprising interactions between bees (superfamily Apoidea, Anthophila) and 25 native perennial plant species in floral provisioning habitat, we identify plant and bee species that provide a key and central role to the stability of the structure of this community. We also examine three specific case studies: how provisioning habitat can provide temporally continuous support for honeybees (Apis mellifera) and bumblebees (Bombus impatiens), and how resource supplementation strategies might be designed for a single genus of important orchard pollinators (Osmia). This framework could be used to provide native bee communities with additional, well-targeted floral resources to ensure that they not only survive, but also thrive.
The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition

The origins of the mesenchymal cells participating in tissue repair and pathological processes, notably tissue fibrosis, tumor invasiveness, and metastasis, are poorly understood. However, emerging evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) represent one important source of these cells. As we discuss here, processes similar to the EMTs associated with embryo implantation, embryogenesis, and organ development are appropriated and subverted by chronically inflamed tissues and neoplasias. The identification of the signaling pathways that lead to activation of EMT programs during these disease processes is providing new insights into the plasticity of cellular phenotypes and possible therapeutic interventions.
Searching Business Information with Hopfield Neural Network in Electronic Commerce Environment

In traditional commercial environment, business information retrieval is limited in searching scope and quality. As enterprise turns to electronic commerce (EC) environment, the quality of business information on supply and sale directly affects the level of enterprise operations. This paper analyses the problem of business information retrieval in EC environment, and proposes a Hopfield neural network based business information retrieval model using Internet information resources by means of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Information Retrieval (IR) theory. Through generating extended query terms by Hopfield neural network and ranking the results, the proposed model can expand the searching scope and increase the precision of retrieval, so as to provide valuable business information for enterprises.
Motivating language as a mediator between servant leadership and employee outcomes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose motivating language as a mediator to increase the positive effects of servant leadership on subordinates’ outcomes. The authors propose that motivating language acts as a mediator to transmit servant leadership traits and enhances the positive impact that servant leadership verbal behavior has on employees’ performance. Design/methodology/approach – By developing a conceptual model, the authors propose a connection between servant leadership and motivating language. Findings – In the proposed model, motivating language acts as a full and a partial mediator. The authors further categorize three distinct outcome sets that should be improved from this relationship. The first set includes improved worker performance, job satisfaction, absenteeism and worker innovation. The second set is composed of self-efficacy, organizational citizenship behavior and employee commitment. Finally, the third set includes trust, satisfaction with the leader and inspiration to b...
Kingdom and Community in Early Anglo-Saxon Eastern England

During the early Anglo-Saxon period (ca. a.d. 450–650), the sociopolitical landscape of England underwent a profound transformation. The state-centered political structure of Roman Britain was replaced by the end of the fifth century with “a multitude of unstable and competing polities centered on ‘royal’ residences and economically based on domestic modes of production, in which authority was directed through chains of personalized relations of domination and obligation” (Garwood 1990:90). Our understanding of how the early Anglo-Saxon rulers and their followers acquired and conveyed territorial control, the geographic extent of the early kingdoms and, indeed, the degree to which their inhabitants conceived a common identity remains elusive. Leeds’s (1945) and Vierck’s (1971, 1978a) intuitive studies of early Anglo-Saxon dress ornaments indicate that contrasts in the distribution of these artifacts parallel the pattern that would be expected if these clusterings were affected by membership in ethnic groups. More recently, Arnold (1982:125) suggests that by a.d. 600 the distribution of early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries reflects the population groups historically documented as kingdoms at a later date.
Remembering and Re-Creating the Great Debates of 1960: Presidential Libraries as Sites for Political Argumentation

The September 26, 1960 presidential debate between Vice President Richard M. Nixon and Senator John F. Kennedy is widely regarded as one of the great moments in U.S. politics. As such, it is not surprising that this spectacle is prominently featured in exhibits at both presidential museums. By deftly manipulating physical space, text and artifacts, and televisual elements, the exhibits develop competing narratives about the meaning of this historic event. The close reading of the exhibits contained in this article offers new insights into political debates, the nature of collective memory, and the complicated relationship between substance and appearance in political discourse.
CLOTHING PREFERENCES OF OLDER CONSUMERS

Summary.-The study focused on idendying the apparel needs of older men and women in a midwestern county. A survey technique was used to collect data on older peoples' preferences for apparel including accessories, most preferred items, identified similarity with previous apparel choices, and identification of buyer of the apparel. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Implications of the find~ngs for future research and possibility of use by apparel designers, manufacturers, and rer~ders are discussed. Diversification of the apparel industry is evident from the information provided in various trade and consumer publications. The industry has paid special attention to meeting the needs of niche markets over the years. Some examples of these specialized markets include individuals with various sizes, figure types, handicaps, age groups, and occasions that call for attention to specific details to perform the distinct function(s) effectively. Older consumers represent one such group who wish to see changes in the styles, design details, and colors available for them (Doyle, 1989). Menchin (1991) and Chowdhary (1988) noted that apparel retailers should be aware of the special needs of the older adults to provide them with physically comfortable and psychologically satisfying clothing. Menchin (1991) also emphasized that older consumers' fashion interest does not suddenly change after the 50th birthday. None of the prior work had examined this concept. Most previous research yielded lirmted information on clothing preferences of older people, was focused on either men or women, is outdated in some cases, and did not include accessories. Therefore, it was deemed relevant to examine the choices of clothing and accessories by older men and women. One of the purposes of the larger study was to identdy the garments and accessories worn by older men and women, to explore the concept of continuity in clothing choices over time, to identLfy the shopper in the family, and to record perception of basic changes in garment details over time. The reviewed literature indicated that information on the topic needed updating. Chowdhary (1988) and Newton, Nelson, and Odu (1975) recognized the need to consider elderly people as a viable segment of the con'Wal-Man Headquarters is thanked for funding this project. Please address correspondence and requests to Dr. Usha Chowdhar 137 Stanle Hall, Unikrsity of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 or by e-md'(~sha-~.-~h owdha~ muccrnail.Missouri.edu).
Characterizing the altered cellular proteome induced by the stress-independent activation of heat shock factor 1.

The heat shock response is an evolutionarily conserved, stress-responsive signaling pathway that adapts cellular proteostasis in response to pathologic insult. In metazoans, the heat shock response primarily functions through the posttranslational activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a stress-responsive transcription factor that induces the expression of cytosolic proteostasis factors including chaperones, cochaperones, and folding enzymes. HSF1 is a potentially attractive therapeutic target to ameliorate pathologic imbalances in cellular proteostasis associated with human disease, although the underlying impact of stress-independent HSF1 activation on cellular proteome composition remains to be defined. Here, we employ a highly controllable, ligand-regulated HSF1 that activates HSF1 to levels compatible with those that could be achieved using selective small molecule HSF1 activators. Using a combination of RNAseq and quantitative proteomics, we define the impact of stress-independent HSF1 activation...
Efficacy of Exercise Videos to Increase Physical Activity and Fitness in Individuals With Psychiatric Disabilities

Date Presented 4/16/2015 Exercise videos developed by occupational therapists were studied to determine their impact on physical activity and fitness for individuals with psychiatric disabilities. This poster describes the results of a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Modeling of the Electromechanical Response of Ionic Polymer Transducers by Means of Streaming Potential Mechanism

A model for the electromechanical sensing response of ionic polymer transducers (IPTs) by means of a streaming potential mechanism is presented. It is argued that incomplete pairing of covalently attached pendant ionic groups with their electro-neutralizing counterions establishes the existence of a flowing electrolyte within the ionic polymer. This electrolyte exists in the hydrophilic phase of the otherwise hydrophobic material. The streaming potential is generated as the electrolyte flows past electroded regions interspersed within the hydrophobic phase. The model is developed for a recently argued parallel nanochannel morphology in Nafion® membrane, but is applicable to any two-phase ionic polymer morphology. Further, while this preliminary study considers only the bending mode, the proposed mechanism is readily adaptable to the other three modes of sensing (tension, compression, and shear).Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Replication of Special Education Research Necessary but Far Too Rare

Increased calls for rigor in special education have often revolved around the use of experimental research design. However, the replicability of research results is also a central tenet to the scientific research process. To assess the prevalence, success rate, and authorship history of replications in special education, we investigated the complete publication history of every replication published in the 36 journals categorized by ISI Web of Knowledge Journal Citation Report as special education. We found that 0.5% of all articles reported seeking to replicate a previously published finding. More than 80% of these replications reported successfully replicating previous findings. However, replications where there was at least one author overlapping with the original article (which happens about two thirds of the time) were statistically significantly more likely to find successful results.
Line Outage Localization Using Phasor Measurement Data in Transient State

This paper introduces a statistical classifier that quickly locates line outages in a power system utilizing only time series phasor measurement data sampled during the system's transient response to the outage. The presented classifier is a linear multinomial regression model that is trained by solving a maximum likelihood optimization problem using synthetic data. The synthetic data is produced through dynamic simulations which are initialized by random samples of a forecast load/generation distribution. Real time computation of the proposed classifier is minimal and therefore the classifier is capable of locating a line outage before steady state is reached, allowing for quick corrective action in response to an outage. In addition, the output of the classifier fits into a statistical framework that is easily accessible. Specific line outages are identified as being difficult to localize and future improvements to the classifier are proposed.
Protocol for Gene Expression Profiling Using DNA Microarrays in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Gene expression profiling using DNA microarrays has become commonplace in current molecular biology practices, and has dramatically enhanced our understanding of the biology of Neisseria spp., and the interaction of these organisms with the host. With the choice of microarray platforms offered for gene expression profiling and commercially available arrays, investigators must ask several central questions to make decisions based on their research focus. Are arrays on hand for their organism and if not then would it be cost-effective to design custom arrays. Other important considerations; what types of specialized equipment for array hybridization and signal detection are required and is the specificity and sensitivity of the array adequate for your application. Here, we describe the use of a custom 12K CombiMatrix ElectraSense™ oligonucleotide microarray format for assessing global gene expression profiles in Neisseria spp.
Chemokine-Dependent Signaling Pathways in the Peripheral Nervous System

Chemokines and their G-protein-coupled receptors play important roles in development, homeostasis, and the innate and adaptive immune response. Pathologic chemokine signaling pathways in the peripheral nervous system can be studied in peripheral nerves using human in vitro models of the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) and a reliable model of acute peripheral nerve inflammation called severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). This chapter describes a flow-dependent human leukocyte-BNB trafficking assay and the reliable induction of EAN in female SJL/J mice as tools to study pro-inflammatory chemokine-dependent signaling in peripheral nerves.
Comparative effectiveness of echinocandins versus fluconazole therapy for the treatment of adult candidaemia due to Candida parapsilosis: a retrospective observational cohort study of the Mycoses Study Group (MSG-12).

Objectives A polymorphism in the gene encoding β-1,3-glucan synthase, the target of the echinocandin class of antifungals, results in increased in vitro MICs of the echinocandins. This has resulted in controversy surrounding use of the echinocandins for treatment of Candida parapsilosis candidaemia. We aimed to compare 30 day mortality in adults with C. parapsilosis candidaemia treated with echinocandins versus fluconazole. Methods This is a retrospective observational cohort study. We used the Premier Perspective Database to identify adult patients with C. parapsilosis candidaemia treated with only fluconazole or only an echinocandin as definitive therapy. The primary outcome was 30 day mortality. Propensity scores were derived to estimate the probability the patient would have received either an echinocandin or fluconazole. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used in a weighted logistic regression to calculate odds of 30 day mortality. Results There were 307 unique patients with C. parapsilosis candidaemia. One hundred and twenty-six (41%) received fluconazole and 181 (59%) received an echinocandin. Age, gender, race, year of admission, need for ICU resources in the week prior to candidaemia onset, and receipt of vasopressors on the day of candidaemia onset were included in the propensity score model used to calculate inverse probability of treatment weights. Weighted logistic regression demonstrated no difference in 30 day mortality between patients receiving an echinocandin as compared with fluconazole (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.33-2.07). Conclusions Our result supports the 2016 IDSA invasive candidiasis guidelines, which no longer clearly favour treatment with fluconazole over an echinocandin for C. parapsilosis candidaemia.
Pattern Formation in Certain Classical and Quantum Systems

My research predominantly focuses on micromagnetic simulations of cobalt nanoparticles. These simulations are carried out by using the Object-Oriented MicroMagnetic Framework (OOMMF) distributed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In performing these simulations, observations of skyrmionic states were observed for large enough nanoparticles. Skyrmions are magnetic vortex states which have a core that is antiparallel with the outermost local magnetic moments. These states are being explored as an exciting branch of research that are applicable in many applications including, but not limited to, magnetic storage devices. Most simulations were carried out using a hemispherical geometry because collaborators at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville use laser-induced dewetting to create arrays of hemispheres on the nanometer scale. In conjunction with these simulations, we have performed analytical and numerical calculations of the demagnetizing factor of a hemispherical particle. The demagnetizing factor of a system is a parameter that characterizes shape anisotropy and is useful in calculating the energy of a uniformly magnetized body. Demagnetizing factors have been calculated for different geometries, but never for a hemisphere.
Histologic Grade of Locally Advanced Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma After Treatment with Induction Chemotherapy

Multiagent chemotherapy is often used to treat patients with locally advanced infiltrating breast carcinoma before mastectomy. One of the most important prognostic factors, histologic grade, may be altered by induction chemotherapy. Because locally advanced infiltrating breast carcinomas are frequently diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration, histologic grade can be determined in the mastectomy specimens only after chemotherapy. Histologic grade, with its three components, was examined in 30 mastectomy specimens after induction chemotherapy for infiltrating ductal carcinoma and compared with findings in available pretreatment incisional biopsy specimens. Histologic grade for the 24 axillary lymph node-positive carcinomas treated with induction chemotherapy was compared with the grade for 24 axillary lymph node-positive ductal cancers that had been treated by surgery only. Complete, partial, or no clinical response was seen in 4 (13%), 21 (70%), and 5 (17%) patients after chemotherapy. In six of seven tumors, there was complete agreement between biopsy and postchemotherapy mastectomy specimens in grade and in scores for the three components. Half of the 24 node-positive tumors from patients treated with chemotherapy and 21% of node-positive neoplasms from patients treated initially with surgery had a mitotic count score of 1. In these two node-positive groups, 71% of tumors from patients treated with surgery and 92% of cancers from patients treated with induction chemotherapy showed a nuclear pleomorphism score of 3. For these two groups, however, there were no statistically significant differences in histologic grade or in any of its three components.
Phase Equilibria and Magnetic Phases in the Ce-Fe-Co-B System

Ce-Fe-Co-B is a promising system for permanent magnets. A high-throughput screening method combining diffusion couples, key alloys, Scanning Electron Microscope/Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscope (SEM/WDS), and Magnetic Force Microscope (MFM) is used in this research to understand the phase equilibria and to explore promising magnetic phases in this system. Three magnetic phases were detected and their homogeneity ranges were determined at 900 °C, which were presented by the formulae: Ce2Fe14−xCoxB (0 ≤ x ≤ 4.76), CeCo4−xFexB (0 ≤ x ≤ 3.18), and Ce3Co11−x FexB4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 6.66). The phase relations among the magnetic phases in this system have been studied. Ce2(Fe, Co)14B appears to have stronger magnetization than Ce(Co, Fe)4B and Ce3(Co, Fe)11B4 from MFM analysis when comparing the magnetic interactions of selected key alloys. Also, a non-magnetic CeCo12−xFexB6 (0 ≤ x ≤ 8.74) phase was detected in this system. A boron-rich solid solution with Ce13FexCoyB45 (32 ≤ x ≤ 39, 3 ≤ y ≤ 10) chemical composition was also observed. However, the crystal structure of this phase could not be found in the literature. Moreover, ternary solid solutions e1 (Ce2Fe17−xCox (0 ≤ x ≤ 12.35)) and e2 (Ce2Co17−xFex (0 ≤ x ≤ 3.57)) were found to form between Ce2Fe17 and Ce2Co17 in the Ce-Fe-Co ternary system at 900 °C.
Inference in Approximately Sparse Correlated Random Effects Probit Models

We propose a computationally simple two-step procedure for inference in sparse correlated random effects probit and fractional probit models where the number of regressors can exceed the sample size n. In particular, our procedure can be applied to situations where we want to model the unobserved effect with a very large number of approximating terms, which essentially generalizes the Chamberlain's approach. We establish the root-n-asymptotic normality of our second-step estimator for any given finite set of elements in the parameter vector. This result requires neither perfect selection nor sparsity of our first-step estimator, and it does not require the invertibility of the entire population Hessian matrix. We also provide estimators for the Average Partial Effect with respect to any covariate and establish the asymptotic normality of these estimators. Moreover, we provide consistent estimators for the asymptotic variances. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to provide inference results for a high-dimensional (p>n) nonlinear panel data model with a short time series.