cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Practical Guide to Zero-Based Curriculum Review.

This paper presents a systematic framework and practical guidelines for the implementation of a “zero-based” curriculum review (ZBCR). ZBCR begins with atabula rasa and the commitment that program faculty and an external advisory board will create a framework of competencies, knowledge bases, professional practices and skills which graduates should have. ZBCR is intended to help us move from an “accidental” curriculum to an “intentional” curriculum. Specific examples illustrate the structuring, conducting, and application of the results of the review. ZBCR maximizes the benefits of a fresh perspective and minimizes time and effort, with a situationally-flexible and reusable structure and process. ZBCR is based on procedures recently developed and used with success in reviewing the curricula of a department's programs at a major state university.
Application of Attachment Theory to Equine-Facilitated Psychotherapy

Equine-facilitated psychotherapy (EFP) is a form of animal-assisted therapy used to treat human psychological problems that employs horses in and around the natural surroundings of the stables. Despite the increasing number of professionals and organizations that offer this innovative therapy, EFP lacks a firm theoretical and research base. This paper aims to reveal how attachment theory can inform and enrich theory and practice of EFP. It explores the fit between central features of EFP and several of the primary concepts of attachment-based psychotherapy, such as: secure base and haven of safety through the provision of a holding environment, affect mirroring, mentalizing and reflective functioning, and non-verbal communication and body experience. This work is composed of definitions of these concepts, their application to human–horse context and EFP, and interpretation in light of potential therapeutic (transformative) processes.
Contributions of the nanovoid structure to the kinetics of moisture transport in epoxy resins

Absorbed moisture can degrade the physical properties of an epoxy resin, jeopardizing the performance of an epoxy-based component. Although specific water- epoxy interactions are known to be very important in determining transport behavior, the role of network topology is not clear. In this article, a series of epoxies in which the topology is systematically varied (and the polarity held constant) is used to explore how topology influences the kinetics of moisture transport. The topology is quantified via the positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy technique in terms of the size and volume fraction of electron density heterogeneities 5- 6 A in diameter, a dimension comparable to the 3-A kinetic diameter of a water molecule. Surprisingly, the volume fraction of such nanopores does not affect the diffusion coefficient (D) of water in any of the resins studied. For temperatures at and below 35 °C, there is a mild exponential dependence of D on the average nanopore size observed. Otherwise, the kinetics of moisture transport do not appear to depend on the nanopores. However, the initial flux of moisture into the epoxy does appear to correlate with the intrinsic hole volume fraction. That this correlation persists only in the initial stages of absorption is partially understood in terms of the ability of the water to alter the nanopore structure; only in the initial stages of uptake are the nanopores, as quantified in the dry state, relevant to transport. The role of specific epoxy-water interactions are also discussed in terms of transport kinetics. The lack of a correlation between the topology and transport sug- gests that polar interactions, and not topology, provide the rate-limiting step of trans- port. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 776 -791, 2000
The acylation of 2‐picoline‐N‐oxide and 2,6‐lutidine N‐oxide

2-Picoline N-oxide and 2,6-Lutidine N-oxide have been acylated in good to high yields by reaction with a series of aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic esters using sodium amide in liquid ammonia as the condesing agent.
Diagnosis of stator short-circuit faults in an IPM synchronous machine using a space-vector pendulous oscillation method

Experimental characterization of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines experiencing winding short-circuit faults is necessary in developing diagnostics indices to be used in detecting short-circuit winding faults. Known fault indices include the current spectrum analysis, the negative-sequence components method, and the space-vector based pendulous oscillation method. This paper applies all three methods to experimental turn-to-turn short-circuit fault data acquired from a 3.5 hp IPM motor energized by a PWM voltage source inverter. The results are compared and analyzed, and since none of the three methods presented unambiguously demonstrate the existence of a winding short-circuit fault, the practical difficulties of short-circuit fault detection and mitigation are discussed in that light.
Tribology studies: 7Be implantation in a ceramic sample by means of a fragmented high-energy 14N beam

Abstract An energetic (17 MeV/u) 14N beam accelerated by the MSU NSCL K500 superconducting heavy-ion cyclotron was directed onto an external 0.051 cm thick C target, where it produced 7Be (53.3 d half-life) ions by fragmentation reactions. The 7Be ions escaped from the target in a forward direction and were stopped in a Si3N4 ceramic sample. An integrated beam current of 4.2×1016 14N ions produced a dose of 3.7×1011 7Be ions, which were implanted in the ceramic to a maximum depth of 0.051 cm. This ceramic sample is the first to be implanted by this technique and is now being used in a tribology research program.
Multidimensional Quadrature Algorithms at Higher Degree and/or Dimension

The accuracy of two multidimensional quadrature algorithms is examined with some simple test integrals. It is found that a scheme introduced by Genz is considerably more accurate and is simpler to implement for higher degree and/or dimension than one due to McNamee and Stenger.
A model of optimal transport maintenance with demand responsiveness

Abstract Maintenance activities can be performed throughout the lifetime of a particular facility or piece of equipment, thereby affecting its quality in a continuous fashion. It is assumed in this paper that quality of a facility is determined by natural factors, rate of use and maintenance investments while demand for the facility is assumed to be a function of its quality. A dynamic optimization model in the form of a simple linear optimal control problem is then developed in order to determine optimal maintenance policies under these circumstances. Bang-bang and singular policies are derived and given economic interpretations. An algorithm is presented for numerical solution of the Pontryagin necessary conditions. Finally, sufficiency conditions are obtained for the model structure considered.
cDNA microarray analysis of differential gene expression in MYCN -amplified neuroblastoma tumor cells

cDNA microarray analysis of differential gene expression in MYCN -amplified neuroblastoma tumor cells
School Follow-up of Adolescents Treated in a Psychiatric Hospital

Parents of 25 patients discharged from an adolescent psychiatric ward over a one-year period were interviewed to determine their child's school adjustment. Satisfactory or excellent adjustment was reported in 84 percent of the cases. Findings were discussed in terms of the role of hospital school staff in assisting adolescents to make the transition to community school settings.
Physical Activity as a Nonpharmacological Treatment for Depression: A Review:

Physical activity is increasingly being cited as an alternative to more traditional drug treatments for treating depression. Although an increasing amount of research has investigated this theory, ...
Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT) for the Identification and Measurement of Potential Inhalation Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials—Part B: Results from 12 Field Studies

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted field studies at 12 sites using the Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT) to characterize emissions during processes where engineered nanomaterials were produced or used. A description of the NEAT appears in Part A of this issue. Field studies were conducted in research and development laboratories, pilot plants, and manufacturing facilities handling carbon nanotubes (single-walled and multi-walled), carbon nanofibers, fullerenes, carbon nanopearls, metal oxides, electrospun nylon, and quantum dots. The results demonstrated that the NEAT was useful in evaluating emissions and that readily available engineering controls can be applied to minimize nanomaterial emissions.
The conjunction fallacy: A test of averaging hypotheses

The conjunction fallacy, in which individuals report that the conjunction of two events is more rather than less likely to occur than one of the events alone, is a robust phenomenon. We assessed the possibility that an analysis in terms of functional measurement methodology might be consistent with occurrence of the fallacy. A 3 × 3 design in which we varied the judged likelihood of the two components constituting the conjunction permitted us to assess the possibility that subjects judge the likelihood of conjunctions by averaging the likelihood of their component parts. The results were consistent with this possibility, and this interpretation was supported by analysis of the results in terms of functional measurement methodology.
Advocacy for the Counseling Profession: Results of a National Survey

Seventy-one leaders in state, regional, and national professional and credentialing associations in counseling responded to a survey concerning professional advocacy efforts, resources. obstacles, and needs. The results Indicate a variety of ongoing advocacy initiatives, specific needs for resources and interprofessional collaboration. and agreement on the importance of advocacy for the future of the profession.
Quark: an efficient XQuery full-text implementation

The XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Full-text (XQFT) language has been developed by the W3C to extend XQuery and XPath with full-text search capabilities. XQFT allows users to specify a mix of structured and complex full-text predicates, and also allows users to score/rank such queries. The power and flexibility of XQFT gives rise to two interesting questions. First, is it possible to efficiently integrate a full-function XML query language with sophisticated full-text search? Second, is it possible to score and rank arbitrary XQuery and XQFT queries? In this demonstration, we present evidence that it is indeed possible to achieve the above goals. We demonstrate the Quark open-source data management system and show how we can seamlessly and efficiently integrate structured and unstructured search over XML data. In particular, we demonstrate (a) techniques for efficiently evaluating keyword search over virtual XML views, and (b) a framework for scoring both structured and full-text predicates.
Effects of Adrenal Androgens on Parabiotic Mice

The effects of adrenal androgens on pituitary gonadotrophin activity and seminal vesicle weight were investigated in castrate male and intact female mice made parabiotic at 25 days of age. An increase in ovarian and uterine weight usually occurs with this parabiotic procedure, and inhibition of this increase by androgens was used as an index of suppression of gonadotrophin activity. The following crystalline steroids were given for 10 days in sc injections of 200 μg daily: dehydroisoandrosterone (DHA), 11β- OH-Δ4-androstene-3,17-dione (11OH4AD)and testosterone (T). All androgens produced a significant inhibition of ovarian enlargement but only T suppressed uterine weight increase. Study of histologic sections of ovaries revealed: a) an inhibition by DHA and T, as a result of atresia, of the number and size of tertiary follicles, b) an apparent suppression by 110H4AD chiefly of the increase in number of developing follicles. Only T produced a significant stimulation of seminal vesicle weight. The data conf...
Task-Based Assessment and Optimization of Gamma-Ray Imaging Systems

Multiple-pinhole gamma-ray imaging systems for use in nuclear medicine are discussed. Criteria and approaches for optimizing the systems for specific clinical tasks and specific patients are presented.
Low complexity virtual antenna arrays using cooperative relay selection

We study the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff in cooperative diversity systems involving multiple relays. We focus on low complexity architectures that do not require simultaneous transmissions on the same frequency band and therefore are amenable to practical implementation with low-cost radios. We show that smart relay selection protocols achieve the same performance as previously proposed protocols that rely on multi-terminal space-time coding. Our study includes both analog and digital relays under a variety of relay selection criteria, and considers the availibility of decision feedback in the network. Our results present an alternative to distributed space-time codes for realizing the potential gains in multiple relay cooperative systems and open new avenues for fruitful interaction between routing and cooperative diversity.
Planning in a hierarchical nested controller for autonomous robots

In this paper, methods developed for the team theory of decentralized stochastic control are applied to autonomous robots. A class of autonomous control systems is defined, and a problem of information representation is addressed for this class. A phenomenon of nesting is detrermined to be a key element for arranging design and control procedures. A concept of hierarchical nested knowledge-based controller is introduced in this paper which enables optimum control using nested dynamic programming. An application of this concept is unfolded for a system of knowledge-based control of an autonomous mobile robot.
Managed Care, Doctors, and Patients: Focusing on Relationships, Not Rights

For over a decade, managed care has profoundly altered how healthcare is delivered in the United States. There have been concerns that the patient-physician relationship may be undermined by various aspects of managed care, such as restrictions on physician choice, productivity requirements that limit the time physicians may spend with patients, and the use of compensation formulas that reward physicians for healthcare dollars not spent. We have previously published data on the effects of managed care on the physician-patient relationship from the physician's perspective. In 1999, we collected data on the impact of managed care arrangements on the physician-patient relationship from the patient's perspective. This article discusses our collective findings.
Non-Fermi-liquid behavior of large- N B quantum critical metals

The problem of continuous quantum phase transitions in metals involves critical bosons coupled to a Fermi surface. We solve the theory in the limit of a large number, ${N}_{B}$, of bosonic flavors, where the bosons transform in the adjoint representation (a matrix representation), while the fermions are in the fundamental representation (a vector representation) of a global $SU({N}_{B})$ flavor symmetry group. The leading large ${N}_{B}$ solution corresponds to a non-Fermi liquid coupled to Wilson-Fisher bosons. In a certain energy range, the fermion velocity vanishes---resulting in the destruction of the Fermi surface. Subleading $1/{N}_{B}$ corrections correspond to a qualitatively different form of Landau damping of the bosonic critical fluctuations. We discuss the model in $d=3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ but because of the additional control afforded by large ${N}_{B}$, our results are valid down to $d=2$. In the limit $\ensuremath{\epsilon}\ensuremath{\ll}1$, the large ${N}_{B}$ solution is consistent with the renormalization group analysis of Fitzpatrick et al. [Phys. Rev. B 88, 125116 (2013)].
On some general laws of DC-DC regulators

Some general properties and limits of regulator technology are examined independent of circuit topology or device physics. As foundation, the work of Moore and Wilson on DC-DC conversion circuits is used. Their work showed the need for some intermediate DC-AC inversion in the converter. These findings are extended and applied to a dc-dc regulator, defined as a special network deriving all its power from a bulk source and supplying regulated DC to a load. It is subject to changes in environment bulk voltage fluctuations, load changes, etc. A dc-dc regulation can be performed with maximum efficiency and without circuit redundancy by two classes of regulators. They are the modulated source and modulated transmission regulators. The operating frequency of the modulated source regulator is established via sampled-data theory. A similar constraint on the modulated transmission regulator is governed indirectly, by the Manley-Rowe type power gain relationship.
Black Opinion on the Legitimacy of Racial Redistricting and Minority-Majority Districts

Minority–majority districts are highly controversial. To assess the degree to which black positions on this controversial matter were well-thought-out and fixed, questions based on Sniderman and Piazza's (1993) “counterargument” technique were included in the 1996 National Black Election Study. Black opinion instability on the issue of race and redistricting reveals the complexity of mass attitudes and the reasoning process and reflects the manner in which a set of clashing interests and core values is balanced and prioritized. Although a large majority of blacks voiced initial opposition to creating districts where blacks and Hispanics are the voting majority, most blacks changed their position in response to the counterargument. This asymmetry suggests that blacks more strongly favor the goal of increasing minority representation than the principle of color blindness in Congressional redistricting. Education and racial identification are key predictors of black opinion on racial redistricting. Less educated blacks and weak racial identifiers were less supportive of minority-majority districts and racial redistricting practices. These results support the revisionist perspective among public opinion scholars that rational, thinking individuals can hold wavering opinions upon questioning because they generally encapsulate a set of contradictory values and interests. The research reported in this paper was funded by grants to the author from the National Science Foundation POWRE Program (SBR-9743928) and from the National Science Foundation's Political Science Division (SBR-9796212). An earlier version was presented at the 2000 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, August 31–September 3, 2000. The author thanks Luis Fraga at Stanford University for his comments as the panel's discussant, as well as the APSR Editor, Lee Sigelman, and reviewers for their contributions to this paper. I also thank Bruce Boyd at Computing Services at UCI and Gary King at Harvard University for their technical assistance.
Nucleopolyhedrovirus detection and distribution in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats of Appledore Island, Gulf of Maine.

Viruses in aquatic ecosystems comprise those produced by both autochthonous and allochthonous host taxa. However, there is little information on the diversity and abundance of viruses of allochthonous origin, particularly from non-anthropogenic sources, in freshwater and marine ecosystems. We investigated the presence of nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPV) (Baculovirus), which commonly infect terrestrial lepidopteran taxa, across the landscape of Appledore Island, Gulf of Maine. PCR and qPCR primers were developed around a 294-bp fragment of the polyhedrin (polH) gene, which is the major constituent protein of NPV multivirion polyhedral occlusion bodies. polH was successfully amplified from several aquatic habitats, and recovered polH sequences were most similar to known lepidopteran NPV. Using quantitative PCR designed around a cluster of detected sequences, we detected polH in Appledore Island soils, supratidal freshwater ponds, nearshore sediments, near- and offshore plankton, and in floatsam. This diverse set of locations suggests that NPVs are widely dispersed along the terrestrial—marine continuum and that free polyhedra may be washed into ponds and eventually to sea. The putative hosts of detected NPVs were webworms (Hyphantria sp.) which form dense nests in late summer on the dominant Appledore Island vegetation (Prunus virginiana). Our data indicate that viruses of terrestrial origin (i.e., allochthonous viruses) may be dispersed widely in coastal marine habitats. The dispersal of NPV polH and detection within offshore net plankton (>64 μm) demonstrates that terrestrial viruses may interact with larger particles and plankton of coastal marine ecosystem, which further suggests that viral genomic information may be transported between biomes.
Pd-Ge-Au Ohmic Contacts to GaAs: Reliability and Failure Analysis

We report on experiments that were performed to evaluate the temperature stability and long term reliability of non-alloyed Pd-Ge-Au ohmic contacts on N-type GaAs. Low resistance contacts (≈1×10−6Ωcm2) were obtained for samples that were sintered in a conventional furnace or flash sintered in a graphite susceptor. Elevated temperature storage (≈4000 hours at 280°C) showed improved contact stability when compared to Ni-AuGe-Ni-Au control samples. Gateless MESFETs subjected to bias temperature stress measurements (Ids ≈300-350mA/mm, 2000–4000 hours at 200°C) showed no significant change in device current. This result is in contrast to devices with Ni-AuGe-Ni-Au ohmic contacts which exhibited a 6–27% decrease in current under the same test conditions. Failure analysis reveals significant electromigration and Au diffusion in the drain fingers of devices with Ni-AuGe-Ni-Au contacts. In contrast, devices with Pd-Ge-Au contacts show no electromigration or Au diffusion in the GaAs.
Law-governed software processes

The business life of a country is guided by both voluntary methods and mandatory laws. Business methods embody much experience and scholarship about the manufacturing of goods, marketing, etc. In spite of the intrinsic merit of many such methods, they are kept voluntary, at least in a free-market economy, in order to allow for innovation, and for the coexistence of many altemative methods. But even a free-market economy cannot exist without some laws, which can be relied upon to be (more or less) universally obeyed. Such laws are designed, in part, to regulate the activities of the various actors, in order to facilitate non-destructive cooperation between them. Note that to be effective, methods and laws require different support mechanisms. Methods need to be disseminated, which is done by means of schools, on-the-job training, books, etc. Laws, on the other hand, need to be enforced, which requires police, courts, and penal institutions. Moreover, since the use of methods is voluntary, the introduction of new methods can be done fairly freely. On the other hand, changes to the body of laws, which may have immediate global effect on the entire society, must be tightly regulated, by the law itself.' The analogy to software processes is clear. Here methods include individual tools, such as Make, and various procedures for using such tools, and for combining them. The laws here are necessary to control the use of tools, and, like in the business world, to facilitate nondestructive cooperation between the participants in the process of software development. (There are other applications of laws in this context, some of which will be illustrated in the following section). In a sense, laws are more fundamental, and more critical, than methods, for software development. Indeed, the formulation and construction of methods usually relies on some assumptions about the structure and behavior of the system at large, which can only be ensured by means of enforced laws. Yet, most current research on the software process, seems to be concerned primarily with the formulation and enactment of methods. It is not that current software development is lawless, but the law governing it is mostly hard wired into the programming environments one happens to use, and is usually taken for granted. It is our thesis, however, that the law of a software project should not be hard wired into a general purpose environment. It should be possible to tailor the law to the project at hand, and to let it evolve, in a controlled manner along with the project. This clearly requires that the law of a software project be formal, explicit and strictly enforced. Moreover, the law must be self-regulatory. That is, the evolution of the law must be subject to the law itself.
Reversibly Switching the Function of a Surface between Attacking and Defending against Bacteria

Attack or defend! A smart polymer surface has two reversibly switchable equilibrium states, a cationic N,N-dimethyl-2-morpholinone (CB-Ring) and a zwitterionic carboxy betaine (CB-OH). CB-Ring will kill bacteria upon contact under dry conditions, whereas CB-OH will release the previously attached and dead bacteria and further resist adhesion of bacteria under wet conditions.
Bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome in a normal child

A six-year-old boy was evaluated at the request of his parents because he did not use his thumbs normally and had difficulty in manipulating objects such as in fastening buttons. When he was 3 years old his parents would run warm water over both hands to attempt to relieve the stiffness and tingling. They did this for 1 year but stopped when the stiffness seemed to dissipate when the boy was 4 years of age. However, from 4 to 6 years of age the child complained of “bugs in his fingers.” A physical examination demonstrated bilateral thenar atrophy. The thumbs were subtly smaller than normal. Palmar abduction and opposition were present, but weak. There were no contractures or other physical abnormalities in the upper extremities or the remainder of the body. Tinel’s, Phalen’s and carpal tunnel compression tests were negative. Simmes-Weinstein monofilament testing indicated diminished protective sensation on the thumb,
Assessment of hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants: Part I

The nurse practitioner plays an important role in assessing infants for factors that may contribute to unconjugated bilirubinemia. Healthy, full-term infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and no evidence of hemolysis require monitoring of their total serum bilirubin levels and stooling patterns, and they need encouragement to feed more frequently to resolve the hyperbilirubinemia. Promoting frequent breast-feeding is essential, especially for infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. For those infants with evidence of hemolysis or exaggerated physiologic jaundice, more advanced medical intervention such as phototherapy and exchange transfusion are available when indicated.
Dietary Potassium, Blood Pressure and Peripheral Adrenergic Responsiveness in the Deoxycorticosterone Acetate-Salt Rat

This study investigated the effect of 6 weeks of dietary potassium (K) supplementation on blood pressure and in vivo and in vitro peripheral adrenergic responsiveness in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. Dietary K supplementation did not affect the development of hypertension in DOCA-salt rats. The chronotropic and dipsogenic responses to isoproterenol (ISO) administration were significantly decreased in DOCA-salt rats. Addition of K to the diet resulted in a complete normalization of both of these responses s o that they were similar to controls. Aortic smooth muscle from DOCA-salt rats exhibited a significant reduction in the relaxation response to ISO. Dietary K supplementation resulted in only a partial normalization of this response. Enhanced norepinephrine responsiveness was observed in aortic smooth muscle from DOCA-salt rats, but was not affected by dietary K supplementation. These results show that: 1) a 0.5% dietary K supplementation in DOCA-salt rats does not prevent th...
Impact of stratospheric volcanic aerosols on climate: Evidence for aerosol shortwave and longwave forcing in the Southeastern U.S.

Abstract Major volcanic eruptions inject massive amounts of dust and gases into the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Stratospheric volcanic aerosols can scatter incoming solar radiation to space, increasing planetary albedo, reducing the total amount of solar energy reaching the troposphere and the earth's surface, and decreasing the daytime maximum temperature (aerosol shortwave forcing). They can also absorb and scatter outgoing terrestrial longwave radiation, increasing the nighttime minimum surface temperature (longwave forcing). However, persuasive evidence of climate response to this forcing has thus far been lacking. Here we examine patterns of annual and seasonal variations in mean maximum and minimum temperature trend during the periods 1992–1994 and 1985–1987 relative to that during the period 1988–1990 at 47 stations in the southeastern U.S. for evidence of such climate responses. The stratospheric volcanic aerosol optical depths over the southeastern U.S. during the period 1985–1994 were inferred from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gases Experiment (SAGE) 11 satellite extinction measurement. After the long-term trend signals are removed, it is shown that the dominant decreasing trend of mean maximum temperature and the dominant increasing trend of mean minimum temperature over periods 1992–1994 and 1985–1987 relative to that over the period 1988–1990 are consistent with the distribution of stratospheric volcanic aerosols and predictions from aerosol radiative forcing in the southeastern U.S.
CD4 T-Cell-Mediated Heterologous Immunity between Mycobacteria and Poxviruses

The bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis is used in many parts of the world as a vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Some epidemiological evidence has suggested that BCG immunization may have unpredicted effects on resistance to other pathogens. We show here in a mouse model that BCG immunization followed by antibiotic treatment to clear the host of the pathogen rendered three strains of mice partially resistant to infection with vaccinia virus (VV) but not to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). VV-challenged BCG-immune mice developed a striking splenomegaly and elevated CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses by 6 days postinfection (p.i.). However, resistance to VV infection could be seen as early as 1 to 2 days p.i. and was lost after antibody depletion of CD4 T-cell populations. BCG- but not LCMV-immune memory phenotype CD4 T cells preferentially produced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in vivo after VV challenge. In contrast, LCMV-immune CD8 T cells preferentially produced IFN-gamma in vivo in response to VV infection. In BCG-immune mice the resistance to VV infection and VV-induced CD4 T-cell IFN-gamma production were ablated by cyclosporine A, which inhibits signaling through the T-cell receptor. This study therefore demonstrates CD4 T-cell-mediated heterologous immunity between a bacterium and virus. Further, it poses the question of whether BCG immunization of humans alters resistance to unrelated pathogens.
The relationship of negative schizophrenia to Parkinsonism

The positive-negative distinction of schizophrenia has emerged as a valid means of clarifying its heterogeneity. Despite evidence that the two symptom classes may reflect different dimensions of the disease, there is presently no integrated model for understanding of the pathophysiology of these symptoms and their co-occurrence in schizophrenia. We propose that negative phenomena of schizophrenia may be a variant of Parkinsonism. This view is supported by the overlap with Parkinsonism in terms of clinical features, neurochemistry, pharmacology, as well as neuroradiological and neuropathological aspects. As such, negative symptoms may be a manifestation of disease of the basal ganglia and constitute the core pathology in schizophrenia. Positive symptoms, conversely, may reflect an “accessory” process related to a compensatory increase in striatal and limbic dopamine activity following an injury to the dopaminergic system.In the present communication we present a series of studies that support the associati...
The effect of dandelion or a cover crop on mycorrhiza inoculum potential, soil aggregation and yield of maize

A field experiment was conducted to observe the influence of a cover crop (winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.), and a perennial weed (dandelion, Taraxacum officinale Weber ex Wigg.), on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) inoculum potential, soil aggregation, and maize yield after one season. Mycorrhizal colonization of maize roots was higher following the autumn planting of either winter wheat or dandelion compared with fallow. In the dandelion plots maize had significantly higher P content, shoot dry weight and yield relative to the winter wheat plots. Winter wheat and dandelion both improved soil aggregation. ©2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Quantitative assessment of motion correction for high angular resolution diffusion imaging

Several methods have been proposed for motion correction of high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) data. There have been few comparisons of these methods, partly due to a lack of quantitative metrics of performance. We compare two motion correction strategies using two figures of merit: displacement introduced by the motion correction and the 95% confidence interval of the cone of uncertainty of voxels with prolate tensors. What follows is a general approach for assessing motion correction of HARDI data that may have broad application for quality assurance and optimization of postprocessing protocols. Our analysis demonstrates two important issues related to motion correction of HARDI data: (1) although neither method we tested was dramatically superior in performance, both were dramatically better than performing no motion correction, and (2) iteration of motion correction can improve the final results. Based on the results demonstrated here, iterative motion correction is strongly recommended for HARDI acquisitions.
A Review of: “A. Singhal, M. Cody, E. Rogers, & M. Sabido (2003). Entertainment-Education and Social Change”

The subtitle of this thorough review of the education-through-entertainment field is History, Research, and Practice, and the book delivers admirably on this promise. This is not surprising because...
Feasibility Study of Distributed Energy Generation at a Colorado Ski Resort

The ski industry in Colorado is the largest in the United States and makes up a significant portion of the state’s tourism revenue, but changes in the climate threaten the future of this highly weather-dependent business. In recent years, many ski resorts have taken steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in an effort to mitigate the effects shorter winters, less snowfall, and continued drought are having on the future viability of the industry. Energy efficiency and renewable energy projects are common strategies to reduce emissions; less common, however, are resort-wide analyses of distributed generation (DG) systems combining traditional and alternative energy sources. The intent of this study is to evaluate the economic and technical feasibility of a hybrid conventional-renewable DG system at Vail Resort.Electrical and thermal loads for Vail’s mountain operations were used to analyze three DG technologies; combined heat and power (CHP), photovoltaics (PV), and horizontal axis wind turbines. Technologies were chosen based on a resource assessment as well as input from site managers and analyzed using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER). The results indicate that the most cost-competitive DG system is a 700 kilowatt (kW) natural gas-fired CHP plant used to meet the site’s base load during the summer months. Although CHP systems are generally most effective at displacing conventional grid-based power for facilities with little seasonal load variation, the findings of this study align closely with an existing system at Snowbird Resort in Utah.A small 700 kW CHP system could provide approximately 31% of annual electricity use and 24% of annual thermal energy needs based on the energy model used in this analysis. Furthermore, annual energy costs could be reduced by 3% and carbon emissions by 11%. Additional analyses are needed to more precisely determine the optimal system for Vail and the authors recommend that future studies include the energy use from base operations in addition to the mountain area considered in this analysis. The additional base area energy load during the summer could potentially make a larger CHP system more viable with subsequent cost and carbon emission savings. Additionally, site-specific resource data such as biomass production and ridge top wind speeds could aid in more definitively eliminating these technologies from consideration.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Adjunctive Local Approaches to Metastatic Thyroid Cancer

The overwhelming majority of differentiated thyroid cancers are curable, and this optimistic outlook applies particularly to stage I, II, and most stage III tumors. Stage IV tumors are typically and clearly in a different category, as the prognosis is significantly worse once distant metastases are present. In the author’s view, a worse prognosis is not a justification for therapeutic nihilism but instead demands more aggressive therapy, with the hopeful expectation of improving outcome and prognosis. Not infrequently, some stage I and II patients have local disease that is resistant to ablation by conventional surgery and radioiodine.
Clofarabine and Cytarabine Regimen for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

*The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases. Questions or suggestions for topics should be addressed to Dominic A. Solimando, Jr, President, Oncology Pharmacy Services, Inc.,
Film ties: an architecture for collaborative data-driven cinematography

The ability to store, share, and re-use digital assets is of primary importance in the film production pipeline. Digital assets typically include texture images, three-dimensional models, and scripts for creating special effects such as water or explosions. Despite the growing use of virtual cinematography in the film production pipeline, existing tools to manage digital assets are unable to harness the knowledge inherent in the creative composition and editing decisions made by cinematographers. This work introduces Film Ties, a new form of visual communication in which a first artist creates a virtual camera composition whose visual composition properties are stored into a database allowing other artists to adopt that composition for use in their own different virtual scenes. On adopting a composition, the system computes a comparable composition of subjects situated in a second virtual environment. Artists can post comments on shared compositions using text or propose additional compositions that adapt or improve upon the original composition. The stored compositions and suggested edits also serve as an educational resource for junior filmmakers and film students.
Creating More Seamless Connections Between University-Based Coursework and School-Based Mentoring

AbstractNew accreditation standards for teacher preparation programs call for more seamless and effective connections between methods courses, clinical experiences, and school-based mentoring. Intentional clinical experiences and intermediate instructional strategies can foster collaboration between teacher preparation programs and teacher leaders in K–12 schools.
Design, fabrication and performance of fiber FP/metal matrix composite connecting rods

Conception, fabrication et performances de bielles en materiau composite (matrice metallique et fibres FP, fibres d'alumine de la societe Du Pont de Nemours)
Polymer-Supported Primary Amines for the Recovery of Uranium from Seawater

The primary amine −CH2NH2 ligand bound to cross-linked polystyrene has a high affinity for the uranyl ion from a matrix of artificial seawater. The uranyl capacity is 14.8 mg U/gpolymer, compared to 2.34 mg U/gpolymer for a diamidoxime ligand on a polystyrene support. Secondary and tertiary amines have much lower affinities, indicating that steric effects are important to the complexation. The results with polystyrene-bound −CH2NH2 thus suggest at least a 3-fold increase in uranyl capacity (calculated on a per mole ligand basis (not per gram of polymer, in order to make the results independent of the weight of the polymer support)) and a 4-fold increase when ligands with two primary amines per ligand are utilized. An additional advantage of the primary amine over amidoxime is that it is a simpler ligand to prepare.
Abstract 722: Significance of p16 in site-specific HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC

Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL Expression of p16INK4A (p16+ve) is highly correlated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), however, p16-positivityis not limited to HPV-positive (HPV+ve) tumors and therefore, not a perfect surrogate for HPV. Also, p16+ve status has a strong relationship with survival and treatment outcomes in HNSCC, which is best documented for the oropharyngeal site (OP); non-OP sites such as the oral cavity (OC), larynx, and hypopharynx (HP) are understudied. The goal of this study was to evaluate p16 in the context of HPV and examine p16 survival outcomes in HPV+ve and HPV-negative (HPV-ve) site-specific HNSCC. The cohort of 80 primary HNSCC consisted of 10 HPV16+ve and 10 HPV16-ve cases each for four sites: OC, OP, larynx and HP. Expression of p16 was significantly different across sites (p<0.001), being more frequent in OP (65%) than in non-OP sites (13%). The frequency of p16 expression was different (p=0.031) between Caucasian Americans (CA, 38%) and African Americans (AA, 16%) similar to HPV (CA 65% vs AA 37%, p=0.013). p16+ve patients had improved survival for all sites combined and for the OP subgroup (similar to HPV+ve cases). However, subgroups defined by both HPV and p16, indicate that patients with p16-negative (-ve)/HPV-ve status had the worst survival for all sites combined as well as for OP. Cohorts with larger representations of non-OP sites examining multiple molecular markers will be key to deciphering and dissecting out p16's role as a useful prognostic indicator when assessed in combination with HPV status Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 722. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-722
A Call for the Racialization of Immigration Studies: On the Transition of Ethnic Immigrants to Racialized Immigrants

There is more than a century of research that has examined immigrants in the United States. Despite major changes in the origin of immigrants, the assimilation perspective, based on the experiences...
Has Critique Run Out of Steam?—On Discourse Research as Critical Inquiry

Is there still a role for discourse research today, some 30 years after Michel Foucault’s death? A decade ago, French actor-network theorist Bruno Latour famously declared the end of critique as et...
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love

Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love proposes that love is composed of three distinct but interrelated components: intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment. The emotional intimacy and the cognitive decision/commitment components are typically rather constant in close relationships; once they are established in a relationship they are apt to endure. However, passion is considered to be less stable and much less predictable. Within this theory, individuals love each other to the extent that they experience and evidence these three components, and different combinations of the components will yield markedly different kinds of love. The triangular theory allows for eight types of love: non-love, liking, infatuation, empty, romantic, companionate, fatuous, and consummate. Keywords: commitment; infatuation; intimacy; love; passion; romance; wheel theory of love
THE EFFECTS OF A HOSPITALIST CO-MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR JOINT REPLACEMENT PATIENTS IN A TEACHING FACILITY

Background Hospitalists have assumed an evolving role in the care of postsurgical orthopaedic patients. Literature has provided evidence to suggest improved outcomes in postsurgical hip fracture patients managed by hospitalists in nonteaching hospitals. However, the full impact of a hospitalist co-management model has not been fully investigated with regard to elective joint arthroplasty patients in a multispecialty teaching facility. We hypothesized that a hospitalist co-management model in the setting of a teaching hospital would lead to an increase in unnecessary medical workups for joint arthroplasty patients. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 2231 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) between May 2010 and January 2014 at one teaching facility, excluding any non-elective trauma patients. The patients were separated into a non-hospitalist (NH) cohort of 1062 patients that did not receive hospitalist co-management postsurgery, and a hospitalist (H) cohort of 1169 patients that received hospitalist co-management postsurgery. We used Student t test and significance of ( P Results We found no significant difference in LOS between the two groups. Readmission rates for THA patients in the H group increased significantly at 90 days postsurgery ( P =0.012). We found no other significant differences in readmission rates at 30 or 90 days postsurgery. No significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to number of diagnoses present on admission. However, the H group experienced a significantly higher number of new diagnoses during the admission for both THA and TKA patients ( P =0.03 and P =0.002 respectively). Finally we found no significant difference in the number of studies performed or the average cost per hospital stay between the two cohorts. Conclusion This study shows a significant increase in documented new diagnoses in postsurgical THA and TKA patients when using a hospitalist co-management model in a teaching hospital. However, LOS, and average cost per hospital stay did not show the same increase, and the readmission rate only increased significantly in THA patients in the H group at 90 days postsurgery. Therefore the H group gained a significant number of new diagnoses that seemed to remain subclinical during the postsurgical hospital stay. While hospitalists are trained to report all possible diagnoses for accurate billing purposes, some physician and hospital grading systems may view these new diagnoses as postsurgical complications resulting in penalties. Therefore, any potential benefit of a hospitalist co-management model for THAs and TKAs in a teaching hospital setting may be outweighed by the potential penalties associated with increased postsurgical subclinical diagnoses.