cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Is Higher Soluble P-Selectin a Risk Factor for Chronic Venous Insufficiency?

Abstract Abstract 3166 Background: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) represents a spectrum of disease characterized by impaired venous return. Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) when complicated by post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a well established etiology for CVI. P-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule involved in thrombus formation; higher levels are related to DVT risk. Thus, P-selectin may play a role in CVI pathophysiology. Objective: We evaluated whether higher levels of soluble P-selectin are a risk factor for CVI. Methods: Data were collected from the San Diego Population Study, an established cohort of 2,404 men and women, in whom CVI was evaluated by symptoms, physical examination, and duplex venous ultrasound. A case-control study was conducted within the cohort to analyze the association of P-selectin with risk and severity of CVI. 352 controls without venous abnormalities were matched by age, race, and sex to 352 cases. Cases consisted of four groups with increasing severity of CVI based on clinical and imaging characteristics. Soluble P-selectin was measured in cases and controls using a commercial immunoassay. Multivariable models were used to determine associations of P-selectin with CVI, controlling for potential confounders. Results: P-selectin levels did not differ by CVI risk factors including age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, diabetes, prior DVT, venous surgery, and history of cancer (not shown). Overall, P-selectin was not associated with risk of CVI. However, comparing the two most severe case groups to controls, the age, sex, and race adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of CVI for P-selectin in the top two versus bottom tertiles were increased at 1.4 and 2.3, respectively (see table), with the top tertile OR being statistically significant. The association of P-selectin in the top tertile with CVI were slightly weakened with adjustment for BMI, as the case groups with higher P-selectin levels had on average a higher BMI. Successive addition of other risk factors to the model, shown in the table, had no impact on the ORs. Odds ratios of chronic venous insufficiency with P-selectin 2 highest case groups (80 cases) vs all 352 controls Tertile 2 Tertile 3 Age, Sex, Race 1.4 (0.7–2.7) 2.3 (1.2–4.2) + BMI 1.4 (0.7–2.7) 1.9 (1.0–3.6) + History of Venous Thrombosis 1.4 (0.7–3.0) 1.8 (0.9–3.7) + Smoking History 1.5 (0.7–3.0) 1.9 (0.9–3.8) + FHx of Venous Ulcer 1.5 (0.7–3.1) 1.9 (0.9–3.8) + History of Cancer 1.5 (0.7–3.2) 1.9 (0.9–3.7) BMI=Body Mass Index FHx=Family History OR (95% CI) with Tertile 1 as reference level Conclusions: Higher levels of soluble P-selectin are associated with risk of more severe, but not mild, CVI. This suggests that thrombosis potential or platelet function is important in the pathogenesis of this disease. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Sensor data/cueing continuum for rotorcraft degraded visual environment operations

Degraded Visual Environments (DVE) can significantly restrict rotorcraft operations during their most common mission profiles of terrain flight and off-airfield operations. The user community has been seeking solutions that will allow pilotage in DVE and mitigate the additional risks and limitations resulting from the degraded visual scene. To achieve this solution there must be a common understanding of the DVE problem, the history of solutions to this point, and the full range of solutions that may lead to future rotorcraft pilotage in the DVE. There are three major technologies that contribute to rotorcraft operations in the DVE: flight control, cueing and sensing, and all three must be addressed for an optimal solution. Increasing aircraft stability through flight control improvements will reduce pilot workload and facilitate operations in both Degraded Visual Environments and Good Visual Environments (GVE) and therefore must be a major piece of all DVE solutions. Sensing and cueing improvements are required to gain a level of situational awareness which can permit low-level flight and off-airfield landings, while avoiding contact with terrain or obstacles which are not visually detectable by the flight crew. The question of how this sensor information is presented to the pilot is a subject of debate among those working to solve the DVE problem. There are two major philosophies in the field of DVE sensor and cueing implementation. The first is that the sensor should display an image which allows the pilot to perform all pilotage tasks as they would fly under visual flight rules (VFR). The second is that the pilot should follow an algorithm-derived, sensor cleared, precision flight path, presented as cues for the pilot to fly as they would under instrument flight rules (IFR). There are also combinations of these two methods that offer differing levels of assistance to the pilots, ranging from aircraft flight symbology overlaid on the sensor image, to symbols that augment the displayed image and help a pilot interpret the scene, to a complete virtual reality that presents a display of the sensed world without any “see-through” capability. These options can utilize two primary means of transmitting a sensor image and cueing information to the pilot: a helmet mounted display (HMD) or a panel mounted display (PMD). This paper will explore the trade space between DVE systems that depend on an image and those that utilize guidance algorithms for both the PMD and HMD as recently demonstrated during the 2016 and 2017 NATO flight trials in the United States, Germany and Switzerland.
Sleep Quality and the Subjective Experience of Autobiographical Memory: Differential Associations by Memory Valence and Temporality

Summary The primary goal of the present research was to examine associations between sleep quality and the subjective experience of autobiographical events. In an online study, 141 university students reported on past events that varied by valence (positive or negative) and temporality (most significant or from the previous 2 weeks); they also completed measures of sleep quality and depression. Relative to participants with good sleep quality, participants with poor sleep quality thought more about their negative experiences, reported negative events that occurred more frequently, and used more negative emotion words when describing recent negative events. In some instances, depressive symptoms mediated the relation between sleep quality and elements of autobiographical reports. Future experimental work should examine the directionality of these effects, with the ultimate goal of improving sleep quality, mental health, and the manner in which individuals discuss and make meaning of their negative life events. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear optical signals and spectroscopy with quantum light and in microcavitites

Nonlinear optical signals induced by quantized light fields and entangled photon pairs are presented. Different signals, and photon counting setups are discussed and illustrated for molecular model systems.
Endocrinopathies with Use of Cancer Immunotherapies

SummaryBackground Immunomodulatory therapies, including CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors, provide a directed attack against cancer cells by preventing T cell deactivation. However, these drugs also prevent the downregulation of auto-reactive T cells, resulting in immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Reports show a varied incidence of endocrine IRAEs, ranging from 0% to 63%. Objective To describe the frequency and clinical characteristics of endocrine IRAEs in patients taking cancer immunomodulatory therapies. Design Retrospective cohort study. Patients A total of 388 patients aged ≥18 years who were prescribed ipilimumab, nivolumab and/or pembrolizumab between 2009 and 2016 at our institution. Measurements Biochemical criteria were used to define endocrine IRAEs, including thyroid, pituitary, pancreas and adrenal dysfunction, following use of immunomodulatory therapies. Results Fifty endocrine IRAEs occurred in our cohort, corresponding to a rate of 12.9%. The most common endocrine IRAEs were thyroid dysfunction (11.1%), with a lower incidence of pituitary dysfunction (1.8% of patients). Conclusions Over 12% of patients receiving ipilimumab, nivolumab and/or pembrolizumab in our study sample developed an endocrine IRAE. Patients who undergo treatment with immunomodulatory therapies should be monitored for the development of endocrine IRAEs.
Abiotic Transformation Pathways of Organic Chemicals in Aquatic Ecosystems

Information is presented for assessing the potential of an organic chemical to undergo abiotic transformation in aquatic ecosystems. When predicting the environmental fate of an organic chemical, two primary questions must be addressed. First, what are the reaction kinetics for the transformation process of interest? Second, what are the reaction products resulting from the transformation process? In attempting to address these questions, the types of functional groups that are susceptible to abiotic transformations (i.e., hydrolysis and redox reactions) and detailed reaction mechanisms for their transformation will be presented. These elementary reaction mechanisms are used as a framework for discussing factors that affect reaction rates and product distributions.
Risk factors associated with mortality of age-0 Smallmouth Bass in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania

Evidence of disease and mortalities of young of the year (age-0) Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu has occurred during the late spring and summer in many parts of the Susquehanna River watershed since 2005. To better understand contributing factors, fish collected from multiple areas throughout the watershed as well as out-of-basin reference populations (Allegheny and Delaware River basins; experimental ponds, Kearneysville, West Virginia) were examined grossly and histologically for abnormalities. Tissue contaminant concentrations were determined from whole-body homogenates, and water contaminant concentrations were estimated using time-integrated passive samplers at selected sites. Observed or isolated pathogens included bacteria, predominantly motile Aeromonas spp. and Flavobacterium columnare; largemouth bass virus, and parasites, including trematode metacercariae, cestodes, and the myxozoan Myxobolus inornatus. Although these pathogens were found in age-0 Smallmouth Bass from multiple sites, no one pathogen was consistently associated with mortality. Chemicals detected in tissue included polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, organochlorine, and current-use pesticides. Pyraclostrobin, PCB congeners 170 and 187, cis-chlordane and trans-nonachlor were detected in all Susquehanna watershed samples but rarely in samples from the reference site. The findings support the idea that there is no single cause for disease of age-0 Smallmouth Bass; rather the cumulative effects of co-infections and potential immunomodulation by environmental stressors during a sensitive developmental life stage may lead to mortality. Identifying the most important risk factors will be necessary for more in-depth analyses of individual stressors and better management of the habitat and fish populations.
Therapeutic abortions with a folic acid antagonist, 4-aminopteroylglutamic acid (4-amino P.G.A) administered by the oral route.

1. Oral doses of 6 to 12 mg. 4-amino P. G. A. induced fetal death in the first trimester of pregnancy followed by spontaneous delivery of the products of conception in 10 out of 12 cases treated. 2. The doses lethal to the embryos had only a slight and transitory depressing effect on the hemoglobin and white blood counts of the mothers. 3. In three instances, a second course of the drug was given needlessly because of persistent positive “pregnancy tests.” 4. The lesions found in the younger fetuses were depression of hematopoiesis, necrosis of the liver, adrenals, and intestinal epithelia. 5. In three older fetuses the drug failed to produce immediate death, but apparently induced malformations of the cranium. One of these fetuses died later and was delivered spontaneously. The other two were alive when surgically removed. 6. The study shows that usage of the drug to induce abortions should in the absence of reliable pregnancy tests be limited to patients in whom surgical intervention is possible to avoid malformations. 7. The action of the drug is regarded as entirely “antifolic,” indicating the importance of folic acid in the early embryonic life. 8. The probable role of a folic acid deficiency in certain spontaneous abortions, in the development of malformations, and the importance of folic acid in seasonal breeding in some species is suggested by this study.
Immunomodulators and Fungal Infections: Use of Antifungal Drugs in Combination with G-CSF

It is widely accepted that one of the most important host-defense mechanisms against invading microorganisms is phagocytosis, followed by intracellular killing and digestion of the microorganism by phagocytic cells. Recently it was found that survival, growth and differentiation of progenitor phagocytic cells are controlled by hemopoietic colony-stimulating factors such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or multi colony-stimulating factor (IL-3) (1). G-CSF induces hemopoietic precursor cells to proliferate and differentiate into neutrophils, which are one of the most important first defense lines to microbial infections (2). Recently our studies have shown that G-CSF activates the antimicrobial activity of peripheral neutrophils against pathogenic yeast such as Candida albicans in vitro (3). Furthermore, it has also been demonstrated that G-CSF treatment of neutropenic mice can protect following infection with fungi (3). These previous results suggest that G-CSF might be a useful cytokine for treatment of neutropenic patients to protect from secondary fungal infections. To treat fungal infections of neutropenic patients, antifungal drugs must often be used as a therapeutic agent. However, there is little information about the usefulness of G-CSF in combination with antifungal drugs against fungal infections. The present studies were designed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of four antifungal drugs, i.e., amphotericin B (AMPH), flucytosine (5-FC), fluconazole (FCZ) and itraconazole (ICZ) in combination with recombinant human G-CSF against C. albicans infection in neutropenic mice induced with cyclophosphamide. The administration of G-CSF in combination with either FCZ or ICZ markedly enhanced the therapeutic effect of antifungal drugs against Candida infection. However, G-CSF administered to mice in combination with either 5-FC or AMPH resulted in no significant enhancement. These results indicate that effectiveness is dependent upon the kind of antifungal drugs used.
Exploring Planetary Climate: A History of Scientific Discovery on Earth, Mars, Venus and Titan

This book chronicles the history of climate science and planetary exploration, focusing on our ever-expanding knowledge of Earth's climate, and the parallel research underway on some of our nearest neighbours: Mars, Venus and Titan. From early telescopic observation of clouds and ice caps on planetary bodies in the seventeenth century, to the dawn of the space age and the first robotic planetary explorers, the book presents a comprehensive chronological overview of planetary climate research, right up to the dramatic recent developments in detecting and characterising exoplanets. Meanwhile, the book also documents the discoveries about our own climate on Earth, not only about how it works today, but also how profoundly different it has been in the past. Highly topical and written in an accessible and engaging narrative style, this book provides invaluable historical context for students, researchers, professional scientists, and those with a general interest in planetary climate research.
Ignition thresholds of aluminized HMX-based polymer-bonded explosives

The ignition of aluminized HMX-based polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) under shock loading is studied via mesoscale simulations. The conditions analyzed concern loading pulses of 20 nanoseconds to 0.8 microseconds in duration and impact piston velocities on the order of 400-1000 m/s or loading stresses on the order of 3-14 GPa. The sets of samples studied have stochastically similar microstructures consisting of a bimodal distribution of HMX grains, an Estane binder, and aluminum particles 50-100 µm in diameter. The computational model accounts for constituent elasto-viscoplasticity, viscoelasticity, bulk compressibility, fracture, interfacial debonding, internal contact, bulk and frictional heating, and heat conduction. The analysis focuses on the development of hotspots under different material settings and loading conditions. In particular, the ignition thresholds in the forms of the James relation and the Walker-Wasley relation and the corresponding ignition probability are calculated and expressed as functions of the aluminum volume fraction for the PBXs analyzed. It is found that the addition of aluminum raises the ignition thresholds, causing the materials to be less sensitive. Dissipation and heating mechanism changes responsible for this trend are delineated.
Bodies at a quick standstill

ABSTRACTNotes for a mourning-film emerging from a ‘language without soil’. Fifty zombies march from Bandung to Jakarta, protesting their summary dismissal from the Indonesian state oil company. Upo...
Use of advanced care directives by ambulatory chemotherapy patients with malignant disease: Likely predictors and impact of physician intervention

e20544 Background: Despite their poor prognosis, few cancer patients have advanced care directives (ACD). Most often, ACD is discussed in an inpatient setting, when the patient is acutely ill and o...
The Helix Center Roundtable on Boredom (New York, April 2018)

This contribution consists of a half-transcription/half-summary of the ideas presented in the Roundtable on boredom hold last April 21, 2018 and organized by The Helix Center at the New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute. The aim of this encounter was to pull together some specialists on boredom, among whom I was fortunately included, along with John Eastwood, Jacqueline Gottlieb, Gerald Hurowitz, Mark Polizzotti, and Edward Nersessian, Director of The Helix Center. Its motto was no other than to discuss the state of affairs of the research on boredom. This meeting and its subsequent summary consist of an example of a brainstorming on the topic of boredom to determine future research lines and methodologies.
Enhancing resolution in coherent microscopy using deep learning (Conference Presentation)

We report a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based framework to super-resolve both pixel-limited and diffraction-limited images, acquired by coherent microscopy. We experimentally demonstrate a resolution enhancement factor of 2-6× for a pixel-limited imaging system and 2.5× for a diffraction-limited imaging system using lung tissue sections and Papanicolaou (Pap) smear slides. The efficacy of the technique is proven both quantitatively and qualitatively by a direct visual comparison between the network’s output images and the corresponding high-resolution images. Using this data driven technique, the resolution of coherent microscopy can be improved to substantially increase the imaging throughput.
Exploring Gendered Environments in Policing: Workplace Incivilities and Fit Perceptions in Men and Women Officers:

Research indicates that women are still underrepresented in policing and that police culture is not fully accepting of its sisters in blue. As police organizations strive toward building an inclusi...
An Artificial-Intelligence (AI) Assisted Mm-Wave Doherty Power Amplifier with Rapid Mixed-Mode In-Field Performance Optimization

This paper presents an artificial-intelligence (AI) assisted “intelligent” millimeter-wave (mm-wave) Doherty power amplifier (PA) architecture that achieves robust adaptive operation over antenna VSWR. A built-in machine-learning core utilizes online function estimation and reinforcement learning algorithms for dynamic Doherty performance optimization. As a proof of concept, a 3-bit mixed-signal Doherty PA (MSDPA) at 28GHz is used as a hardware platform to demonstrate the performance improvement with the AI core. Over 2:1 antenna VSWR variation, simulations using extracted Doherty PA schematic show up-to 4.9 dBm P 1dB improvement and up-to 7% PAE improvement at P 1dB .
Structure of DNA polymerase ζ: capturing the getaway driver.

During translesion synthesis, eukaryotic DNA polymerase ζ carries out extension from a wide range of DNA lesions. Elucidation of the cryo-EM structure of polymerase ζ reveals how the enzyme catalyzes DNA strand synthesis beyond the lesion.
Stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract as an initial intervention in Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries

Objectives: To assess the role of right ventricular outflow tract stenting as the primary intervention in Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries. Background: The management of a subset of infants with Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries requires a staged approach including rehabilitation of diminutive native pulmonary arteries, conventionally using an aortopulmonary shunt. We share our experience of pulmonary artery rehabilitation with right ventricular outflow tract stenting. Methods: Retrospective review of all patients with Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis who underwent right ventricular outflow tract stenting as primary intervention over an 8-year period. Results: Ten patients underwent right ventricular outflow tract stent insertion at a median age of 61 days (interquartile range (IQR) 8.3–155 days). Median weight at stent deployment was 4.2 kg (IQR 3.2–5.7 kg). Oxygen saturations improved from a median of 79% (IQR 76–80%) to 92% (IQR 90–95%), p = 0.012. The median right and left pulmonary artery z score increased from −3.51 (IQR −4.59 to −2.80) and −2.07 (IQR −3.72 to 0.15) to a median of −1.17 (IQR −2.26 to 0.16) p < 0.05, and 0.24 (IQR −1.09 to 1.84) p < 0.05, respectively, at subsequent angiogram. Nine patients underwent further catheterisation. Four patients underwent complete anatomical repair. Only one patient required unifocalisation, as most patients had a native supply to all-important lung segments. Conclusion: Right ventricular outflow tract stenting is a useful procedure in the subset of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, where native pulmonary arterial growth is required to facilitate repair.
Parametrization of Trivalent and Tetravalent Metal Ions for the OPC3, OPC, TIP3P-FB, and TIP4P-FB Water Models.

Commonly seen in rare-earth chemistry and materials science, highly charged metal ions play key roles in many chemical processes. Computer simulations have become an important tool for scientific r...
Assessing Ecological and Social Dimensions of Success in a Community-based Sustainable Harvest Program.

Community-based conservation and resource management (CBCRM) programs often incorporate the dual goals of poverty alleviation and conservation. However, robust assessments of CBCRM program outcomes are relatively scarce. This study uses a multidisciplinary, systems approach to assess the ecological and social dimensions of success of an internationally acclaimed CBCRM program. This program, located in one of the largest protected areas in the Peruvian Amazon (Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve), strives for the sustainable harvest and trade of a turtle species (Podocnemis unifilis). We used mixed methods analysis, including interviews and population viability modeling, to understand three elements: how local perceptions of changes in the managed population compare to changes inferred by ecological analyses, the indicators stakeholders use to measure success, and the barriers to long-term program success and social–ecological system sustainability. We find that stakeholders perceive a growth trend in the managed turtle population, but this perception may diverge from our ecological understanding of the system under current management. Population viability analyses with a 1:1 sex ratio suggested population size will decline under two of three management scenarios (different degrees of harvest). Yet this and similar studies are plagued by a lack of species- and site-specific population parameters that could improve understanding of the system. Significant vulnerabilities exist for system sustainability, notably the recent decrease in foreign demand for the traded resource. Identifying a sustainable species-specific harvest rate, developing locally-grounded ecological and social indicators, and focusing on data-driven adaptive management will facilitate the identification of key leverage points for future management interventions.
Genotypic Response to Multiple Abiotic Stresses: Nutrient Densities and Stability

Abstract Eleven genotypes of Carthamus tinctorius, Cicer arietinum, Glycine max, Triticum spp. [ aestivum and durum ], and Zea mays , respectively producing oil, proteins, oil-protein, carbohydrates-protein, and carbohydras as the main biochemical seed components (Products) were subjected to four combinations of abiotic stresses imposed by manipulating planting dates and population densities (Management). Each genotype was planted in three replicates in RCBD on the same land area for three consecutive years as an additional edaphic stress [Phase I], followed by three more years in a crop rotation [Phase II]. Annually, three random plants per genotype and replicate were sampled at vegetative and physiological maturity stages. All samples were assayed for 10 nutrients, using LECO analyzer and ICP instrument. Temporal variation in nutrient density and stability were estimated using several multivariate statistical methods. Validation coefficients of determination [Q2] increased steadily from 25 [Phase I] to 53% [Phase II]. Invariably, Sulfur, Phosphorus, Zinc, and Copper, in decreasing order, were most important in determining the amount of explained variance. Abiotic stress significantly increased nutrient densities in 32, decreased it in 46, and did not affect it in 22% of the 50 nutrient-Product combinations. Temporal variation of nutrient densities decreased in 48, increased in 34, and remained stable in 18% of these nutrient-Product combinations. Carbon:Nitrogen ratio, as covariate, impacted nutrient densities, and stability of all nutrients; increased in carbohydrates, protein, and oil-protein; and decreased in oil. Nutrient densities averaged over Products discriminated between Phase I and Phase II [91.1 vs. 96.0% correct classification]. Discrimination between Products decreased from 73.5% in Phase I to 62.5% in Phase II. Carbohydrates, oil, carbohydrates-protein, and oil-protein, in decreasing order, exhibited the largest misclassification. Largest variation in nutrient densities was explained by Year x Product (Phase) [10-73%], followed by Year x Genotype (Products x Phase) [9-25%], thus illustrating the dynamic nutrient response to abiotic stress.
Tuning order in disorder

Recent research has revealed considerable diversity in the short-range ordering of metallic glass, identifying favoured and unfavoured local atomic configurations coexisting in an inhomogeneous amorphous structure. Tailoring the population of these local motifs may selectively enhance a desired property.
Confrontation, collusion and tolerance: The relationship between law enforcement and organized crime in Tijuana

This paper offers an analytic narrative of relations between organized criminal groups and Tijuana’s municipal police force. While civil society mobilization has made it progressively more difficult for elected and appointed officials to tolerate or collude with organized crime, civil society has few tools to hold the rest of the police bureaucracy accountable, particularly when compared with organized crime’s ability to bribe, threaten, and overcome information asymmetries. As a result, interactions between organized crime and the police is a mix of confrontation, corruption, and tolerance. Recognizing the corruptive power of organized crime, this article asks if honest officials can alter the equation for rank and file officers. The paper explores advances in police remuneration, setbacks in selection criteria, the challenges to creating internal accountability mechanisms, and the difficulties in protecting officers.
Block-relaxation Algorithms in Statistics

Many algorithms in recent computational statistics are variations on a common theme. In this paper we discuss four such classes of algorithms. Or, more precisely, we discuss a single class of algorithms, and we show how some well-known classes of statistical algorithms fit in this common class.
Four Female Collegiate Track Athletes: An Analysis of Personal Constructs.

Abstract The construct systems of four female collegiate varsity track athletes were analyzed during the 1974 outdoor track season. Construct theory served as basic rationale. The Repertory Grid determined construct relationships. Preseason constructs were elicited and their relationships determined. Inseason and postseason construct relationships were again observed. Selected marked alterations were: S1 appeared not to recognize the value of establishing preseason short term goals; S2 perceived little relationship between self improvement and teamwork; S3 enjoyed feeling exhausted after competition; S4 demonstrated consistency in striving for excellence. Gaining insight into each subject's perceptions may provide the athlete and researcher with valuable insight into the nature of competitor uniqueness.
Attitudes towards gay men and lesbian women: instrumentation issues

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the variety of instruments used to assess attitudes toward gay males and lesbian women. A total of 45 studies were analyzed that used homophobia instruments ...
Computer-Controlled Instrument System for Sequential Clinical Chemical Testing. I. Instrumentation and System Features

Instrumentation and software of a computer-controlled system for analytical chemistry is described, which will: ( a ) automatically carry out any one of a large number of tests, ( b ) utilize the results of that test in conjunction with data derived from other sources as a basis to proceed to select and perform another analysis, and ( c ) continue in this mode by a branching sequence until the analytical potential of the specimen is exhausted. The system is programmable with user control languages that require no programming experience. The external equipment controlled by the computer in a time-sharing mode includes a sampler, a digital pipet, a digital valve, a ratemeter, and a dual-beam spectrophotometer with a programmable wavelength drive.
Development of a system for accessing lessons learned

The development of a prototype system for accessing lessons learned to support military planning is described. The system accesses lessons learned, developed in various formats for a variety of automated systems, in the relevant planning context. The requirements-definition process, implementation, and observations on system development are discussed. Representation and indexing schemes for lessons learned are described. Although primarily used in defense-related areas, the lessons-learned system is also applicable to nondefense areas (e.g., environmental management, energy facility operation). >
SELECTIVE THROMBOCYTOPENIA DUE TO LOCALISED MICROANGIOPATHY OF RENAL ALLOGRAFTS

Abstract Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, selective thrombocytopenia, and renal impairment developed in three patients after renal transplantation. There was localised microangiopathy of the transplanted kidney. In two patients this was the result of antibody-mediated vascular injury manifesting itself as a delayed form of hyperacute rejection. In the third patient vascular injury was mainly the result of bacterial and fungal infection. Two patients died, one of cerebral haemorrhage and the other of septicaemic shock. One patient survived as a result of prompt nephrectomy. It is recommended that patients in whom selective thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia are developing should have transplant nephrectomy when the platelet-count falls below 50,000 per c.mm.
Factors Influencing Fish Distributions in Shallow Lakes in Prairie and Prairie-Parkland Regions of Minnesota, USA

Fish exert strong influences on shallow lakes, but managers lack empirical models useful for predicting fish distributions at landscape scales. We used classification and regression tree analysis (CART), and regression to predict fish presence/absence (P/A), richness, and community composition in 82 shallow lakes distributed among two regions (prairie and prairie-parkland) along the eastern margin of the Prairie Pothole Region in western Minnesota, U.S.A. A CART model for fish P/A using downstream connections to fish sources and maximum depth correctly classified ≥92% of our study sites, indicating the rare fishless sites observed in our study were either isolated or shallow. Fish richness was positively related to both lake and watershed size. Given that many fish species have strong negative influences on shallow lake ecological characteristics, we conclude that future conservation efforts should focus on protecting shallow, isolated basins, or reducing surface connectivity among basins as these factors were decisive in promoting fish populations. Such management strategies should help to maintain current levels of fish richness and enhance richness of aquatic birds, amphibians, plants, and invertebrates.
Three Hollow Fiber Dialyzers

Hollow fiber dialyzers with a variety of sizes and performance characteristics are presently available for the dialysis of adult patients. We evaluated three currently available follow fiber adult dialyzers in vitro and in vivo during treatment of adult patients. All three dialyzers, Gambro GF-120H, Gambro GF-120L, and Travenol CF-1211 were well suited for the dialysis of adult patients. By considering the clinical status of the patients and the performance characteristics of the dialyzer (solute removal, ultrafiltration, priming volume, etc.), it is possible to employ the follow fiber dialyzer which most precisely meets the needs of the patient, without increasing risk factors associated with hemodialysis.
An average-case analysis of online non-clairvoyant scheduling of independent parallel tasks

We analyze the average-case performance of an online non-clairvoyant scheduling algorithm for independent parallel tasks. The algorithm schedules tasks without prior knowledge of the future tasks and the execution times of the tasks that are not yet completed. By using reasonable assumptions, we find an asymptotic average-case performance bound and develop a method to calculate the bound for arbitrary probability distribution of task sizes. In particular, we show that when task sizes are uniformly distributed in the range [1..C], an asymptotic average-case performance bound ofMM-(3-(1+1/C)^C^+^1)C-1can be achieved, where M is the number of processors. The above asymptotic average-case performance bound achieves its maximum value when C=M, which is approximately 1/(e-2)=1.3922112 for large M. We also present extensive numerical and simulation data to demonstrate the accuracy of our analytical bound.
Comparing the Schrödinger and spinless Salpeter equations for heavy-quark bound states.

We develop a unified approach to the solution of the Schr\"odinger and the spinless Salpeter equations. By adjusting the potential and quark masses to best account for the spin-averaged energy levels, we can compare in a realistic way the effect of using a relativistic kinetic energy. Emphasis is given to consideration of relativistic wave-function corrections. We find that the relativistic equation better accounts for the observed energy levels and gives improved results for s- and p-wave annihilation rates and E1 transitions.
End systolic volume and scar burden are incremental and independent predictors of survival in patients with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy

Background Scar burden has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in patients with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). However, it is unclear how both scar burden and end systolic volume (ESV) impact outcomes in patients with severe ischemic (ICM). Purpose In patients with severe ICM, we sought to assess the association of ESV and scar burden with outcomes in severe ICM. Methods 450 patients with > 70% stenosis in ≥1 epicardial coronary artery (75% men, median age 63 years, median LV ejection fraction (EF) 22%, median ESVi 106ml, median scar % of 29%) underwent delayed hyperenhancementMRI (Siemens 1.5-T scanner, Erlangen, Germany) between 2003-2007. CMR evaluation included long and short axis assessment of LV function on balanced steady state free precession images along with assessment of myocardial scar (on phase-sensitive inversion recovery DHE-CMR sequence ~ 10-20 minutes after injection of 0.2 mmol/kg of Gadolinium dimenglumine). Scar was identified as regions of interest > 2 SD above normal myocardium. LV scar was was recorded as a percentage of the total myocardium and transmural extent (0 = none, 1 = 1-25%, 2 = 26-50%, 3 = 51-75%, and 4 = > 75%). Total scar score was determined from the summed scar score of 17 segments per patient divided by 17. Cox proportional hazards survival modeling, using a primary end-point of all-cause mortality, was used to risk-adjust comparisons. Results
Student Attitudes Concerning Drug Abuse Education and Prevention

The purpose of this study was to survey the drug use patterns for three academic settings-The University of Florida, Santa Fe Community College and two local high schools. Although the statistics found are not a typical of similar data collected in other sections of the country, several useful relationships were revealed.For the total study population of 1,029 subjects, there was a high degree of drug use and experimentation, especially for alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana. Over 70 per cent of the students surveyed felt that they were well informed about drugs and that drug use should be restricted on all levels. However, approximately the same per cent were unaware of existing drug use prevention programs at their schools although they strongly favored such programs or courses especially for parents.Sports and recreational activities were chosen as preferred alternatives to drug use. Small group discussions were indicated by a majority of students at all levels as the most effective approach to drug abus...
The value of the metabolic autopsy in the pediatric hospital setting.

Objective To determine the utility of the metabolic autopsy in the hospitalized pediatric patient. Study design This was a retrospective review of all metabolic autopsies performed at a large pediatric hospital over a 5-year period. Premortem clinical diagnoses were correlated with autopsy findings and results of postmortem testing. Results Of the 23 metabolic autopsies performed, a metabolic disorder was diagnosed before death in 4 and after death by extensive studies initiated before death in 2. In the remaining 17 cases, postmortem samples were inadequate for subsequent enzymatic analysis in 2, a nonmetabolic explanation for symptoms was identified in 4, and no unifying diagnosis could be defined in 8. A metabolic disorder was diagnosed by postmortem tissue study in 3 of the 17 cases; in all 3 of these cases the patient died in the neonatal period after limited premortem investigation for primary lactic acidosis. For the 8 subjects who had undergone an extensive laboratory workup before death, in each case metabolic autopsy failed to establish a diagnosis. Conclusions In a small but significant percentage of cases (18%), the metabolic autopsy successfully identified an undiagnosed metabolic disease. However, metabolic autopsy following an extensive nondiagnostic clinical workup is unlikely to yield a specific metabolic diagnosis.
History Dislocated in a Nightmare: Responses to Commentaries

It is not a simple matter for analysts across nations, oceans, generations, and schools to be discussing Germans and Jews post WWII. I found the discussions of my paper moving and troubling; they offer powerful teachings on listening to the kind of dislocated traumatic tales that patients carry into analysis, however left me still wishing to return to the power of nationalism and ideology as major forces that shape psychic reality and argue against reducing this realm into the language of family drama and object relations. In reviewing my work with Nyx following these discussions, I suggest that by being “former enemies” to some degree we functioned transferentially as ambassadors of our collective, and of history. Our field teetered between falling under the spell of a tribunal to a reconciliation committee, while we were negotiating the possibility of historical redemption. My way of working with Nyx manifests an underlying assumption that ideology, as expressed through history, is one of the key factor...
Effective Collision Strengths for Fine-Structure Transitions in S I

Electron collisional excitation strengths for transitions between the 3s23p4 3P2,1,0, 1D2, and 1S0 levels and from these levels to the 58 fine-structure levels of the excited configurations of neutral sulfur are calculated using the B-spline R-matrix approach. The nonorthogonal orbitals are used for an accurate representation of both the target states and the R-matrix basis functions. The close-coupling expansion consists of the 27 spectroscopic bound and autoionizing target states that give rise to 63 fine-structure levels. We included the lowest 22 LS states of the 3s23p4, 3s23p34s, 3s23p34p, 3s23p33d, 3s23p34d, 3s23p34f, 3s23p35s, 3s23p35p, 3s23p36s, and 3s3p5 configurations, and five higher lying 3s23p3(2Po)4s 3Po, 1Po, 3s23p3(2Do)3d 3Po, 1Po, and 3s3p5 1Po states that have strong dipole connection with the ground terms. The collision strengths for transitions between fine-structure levels are calculated by transforming the LS-coupled K-matrices to K-matrices in an intermediate coupling scheme. The effective collision strengths are determined by integrating collision strengths over a Maxwellian distribution of electron energies. The effective collision strengths are tabulated for log T from 3.3 to 5.6 K suitable for applications in astrophysical plasma modeling.
Electron-hole asymmetry and superconductivity

In a solid, transport of electricity can occur via electrons or via holes. In the normal state of a metal experiments do not reveal whether the elementary mobile carriers have positive or negative charge. This is no longer true in the superconducting state: certain measurable properties of superconductors reveal that the superfluid carriers have negative charge. This indicates that electron-hole asymmetry plays a fundamental role in superconductivity, as proposed by the theory of hole superconductivity.
Impact of Dermatologic Adverse Events on Quality of Life in 283 Cancer Patients: A Questionnaire Study in a Dermatology Referral Clinic

Anticancer therapies cause a wide range of dermatologic adverse events (AE). Although the frequency and severity of these events have been described, their effects on health-related quality of life (QoL) remain poorly understood, and the ones having a greater impact have not been ascertained. To assess QoL in patients on conventional versus targeted anti-cancer therapies using a dermatology-specific questionnaire. Patients (n = 283) completed the Skindex-16, a QoL questionnaire measuring the effects on three domains: symptoms, emotions, and function. Patients were grouped into two categories according to the types of oncology treatments received: (1) targeted therapies and (2) non-targeted therapies. Correlations of Skindex-16 scores with type of anti-cancer therapy, number of AEs, and specific dermatologic AEs were investigated. Significant differences between patients treated with targeted versus non-targeted therapy with regards to total Skindex-16 (p = 0.02) and emotion subdomain (p = 0.02) scores were observed. Additionally, patients on targeted therapies experienced a significantly greater number of AEs (p < 0.001) compared with patients on non-targeted therapies. Patients who exhibited epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor-induced rash had higher Skindex-16 scores (p = 0.009) and higher scores in the symptom (p < 0.001), emotion (p = 0.01), and function (p = 0.001) subdomains than patients without this AE. Similar results were observed for pruritus. All p values were two sided. Dermatologic AEs are associated with a diminished QoL. Targeted therapies are associated with a significantly increased number of AEs and worse total and emotion Skindex-16 scores in comparison with non-targeted therapies. EGFR inhibitor rash and pruritus produced the greatest negative impact.
Effects of Isolation and Communication on Cooperation in a Two-Person Game.

Four conditions of communication were created in a Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) game. In one condition the subjects were isolated so that they could neither sec nor hear each other, as in the typical PD experiment. In a second condition the subjects could sec but not hear each other. In a third condition the subjects could hear but not see each other. In a fourth the subjects could both hear and see each other. Results showed an increasing amount of cooperation through all four conditions, especially when the players could see each other. It was concluded that the high degree of competitiveness typically found in PD game studies may be largely a function of the isolation imposed on the subjects by the experimenter.
Collections Define Cataloging’s Future

Abstract The role of catalogers within academic libraries is evolving to meet new demands and cultivating a broader understanding of cataloging—one that focuses on collections, not the catalog, and applies cataloger expertise across metadata activities. Working collaboratively as never before, catalogers are reinventing their place within the library.
Regularized estimation of Bloch-Siegert |B 1 + | maps in MRI

The Bloch-Siegert (BS) method is a fast method for finding RF transmit fields (|B 1 +| maps) in MRI based on the phase shift induced by an off-resonance pulse. The phase calculation can be very noisy in regions with low image magnitude, leading to inaccurate estimations using the conventional method. This paper proposes a penalized likelihood (PL) estimator of the |B 1 +| map in the image domain, and a fast optimization transfer algorithm for solving the problem. We validated our proposed method with both simulation and experimental data sets.
ERIC Review: Service Learning in the Community College.

After presenting a comprehensive definition of service learning in postsecondary education, the author reviews the literature on service learning at community colleges. In addition to discussing national initiatives to promote service learning experiences for students, this review provides examples of service learning programs and summarizes best practices for starting and managing such programs based on case studies in the literature. The results of recent program evaluation efforts are discussed, and the author defines current research needs to determine how service learning affects students.