cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Financial ties to industry among national comprehensive cancer network guideline authors.

6513Background: Financial conflicts of interest (FCOIs) between physicians and industry include such things as meals, consulting fees, travel, and research funding. FCOIs have been shown to influen...
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: an overview and perioperative implications.

Purpose of reviewSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a relatively new class of drugs used in the management of diabetes mellitus. This review will highlight key pharmacologic characteristics of this class of drugs; discuss their potential role in management of patients with cardia
“Speak a New World!” the Cross Examination Debate Association

Established in 1971, the Cross Examination Debate Association is the largest intercollegiate debate organization in America. Since its inception, CEDA has stressed a balance between analysis, evidence, and delivery in debate. After more than a quarter of a century, though, CEDA represents so much more. The hallmark of CEDA is its inclusiveness. There is room for all types of programs: large and small, regional and national, public and private, new and established. The association acknowledges competitive achievement on a number of levels. The year-long CEDA National Sweepstakes system rewards a squad's cumulative success over the debate season, treating novice and junior varsity accomplishments with the same value as varsity. The sweepstakes system also recognizes success on each of the several regional circuits across the nation, and almost every region supports strong opportunities for beginning debaters. The National Tournament, open to all competitive levels, crowns a champion two-person team at the end of each season. The organization also recognizes the top two-year programs, and the Newcomers Award highlights the best program new to CEDA tournament competition. CEDA represents more than competitive success, though. Each year, the association commends forty debaters for their accomplishments beyond debate rounds. In addition to tournament performance, members of the CEDA All American team are chosen on the basis of leadership ability, commitment to their squads, school and community service, and academic achievement. The Don Brownlee Award emphasizes each year the achievements of an outstanding faculty coach's contributions to the pedagogical, scholarly, and service contributions to the activity. CEDA has made notable progress in dealing with minority participation in intercollegiate debate. Started in 1990, the Commission on Women and Minorities in Debate continues to collect demographic data and to sponsor research, convention panels, and tournament fora on women and minority participation in our activity. CEDA is the first and only intercollegiate debate association to develop and adopt an official policy defining and providing for adjudication of instances of sexual harassment that might occur at tournaments. And the National Outreach Program, designed to bring high schools and colleges together for beneficial cooperation, matches CEDA programs with high school programs in the same location. CEDA programs help the high schools create a larger, more diverse debate community. While CEDA is very proud of its accomplishments over the past quarter of a century, we still look forward as we move into a new century. …
David Oliver: The revolving door to the NHS lobby

In January the chief digital officer for NHS England, Juliet Bauer, left to take up a role at a Swedish digital start-up company. The company, called Kry (Livi in the UK), has developed a video consultation app and has partnered with general practices in England.1 That same month the Financial Times reported that Bauer had written a national newspaper article extolling the virtues of Kry’s app without disclosing that the company had already hired her (the piece was eventually amended to clarify the matter).23 Meg Hillier, chair of the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee, described Bauer’s action in writing the article as “brazen” and “jaw-droppingly inappropriate.”3 Bauer was then “reminded” that she could not lobby government agencies for six months after leaving NHS England.4 Before her appointment …
An Indictment of the Banality of Trump’s Leadership: a Pastoral-Political Perspective

This article examines Donald Trump’s leadership, relying on the work of Hannah Arendt and Daniel Boorstin, as well as the pastoral and political notion of care. A premise of the article is that leadership cannot be adequately understood without considering the culture in which it emerges and is sustained. It is argued that the attributes of Trump’s leadership (e.g., moral neutrality, preoccupation with image, and carelessness) reflect the neoliberal-celebrity culture.
Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium Colonizing Chickens: The Impact of Plasmids, Genotype, Bacterial Communities, and Antibiotic Administration on Resistance

The rise in Salmonella resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones has become a significant threat to public health. At issue, is whether agricultural use of antimicrobials is driving emergent antibiotic resistance in Salmonella and the degree to which large antimicrobial resistance gene reservoirs, present in animal manures, drive the emergence of resistance. Two in vivo studies were performed to address these questions. In the first study, chickens were administered Salmonella and commensals, including an Escherichia coli strain with a mobile, ceftiofur-resistance plasmid, in order to determine how antibiotic administration impacted resistance in E. coli and Salmonella. All antibiotic treatments increased streptomycin resistance in E. coli. However, only ceftiofur administration increased resistance in Salmonella and specifically to extended-spectrum -lactams and cephalosporins (ESBL). There was no significant increase in emergence of ESBL-resistant Salmonella in chickens administered a ceftiofur-resistance plasmid donor. In the second study, chickens were administered two different isolates of S. enterica Typhimurium and a resistant cecal microbiome to serve as a gene donor. Birds were subsequently administered chlortetracycline or streptomycin. Antimicrobial administration significantly altered aminoglycoside and tetracycline resistance in the Enterobacteriaceae population. However, there was no significant increase in antimicrobial resistant Salmonella. Administration of a resistant microbiome had no significant impact on prevalence of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae populations, including Salmonella. Evident, from both studies, was that these treatments had minimal effect on increasing the prevalence of resistance in Salmonella, suggesting that other factors such as vertical transmission may be more important in dissemination of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella in chickens.
Voluntary vs Electrically Stimulated Activation in Age-Related Muscle Weakness

The scientific and medical communities have long recognized that muscle weakness is a major risk factor for physical limitations, outright physical disability, and early death in older adults.1 It was long assumed that age-related loss of lean mass (ie, sarcopenia) was the primary contributor to weakness. This led to a number of pharmaceutical companies pursuing compounds that mechanistically act on muscle (eg, hypertrophy-inducing myostatin inhibitors) with the goal being to enhance muscle and physical function.2 Most of these have failed to enhance muscle strength and physical function, in part because of the multiple factors associated with muscle strength and physical function that extend well beyond muscle mass. For instance, longitudinal data clearly demonstrate that loss of strength is only modestly associated with loss of mass in older adults.3 Given that muscle force production is driven both by skeletal muscle size and quality as well as the nervous system,4 this cross-sectional study specifically examined the role of the nervous system in clinically meaningful, age-related weakness. Specifically, we sought to determine whether older adults with clinically meaningful weakness exhibit impairments in their nervous systems’ (peripheral and central) ability to activate their lower extremity muscles compared with their stronger counterparts. Here, we calculated the degree of voluntary inactivation (VIA) by comparing voluntary and electrically stimulated muscle forces.5 While this does not give insight about where in the nervous system impairment may occur, it does provide insight into whether the nervous system may have a global involvement in weakness.
Developing a Strategic Group Typology for Home Health Care Agencies

Considering the growing interest in Home Health Care, an important area of examination relates to the strategic decisions made by home health agency leaders. The purpose of this study is to explore...
Examining Stalking Experiences and Outcomes for Men and Women Stalked by (Ex)partners and Non-partners

National data suggests that more women meet a stalking definition that includes fear or concern for safety than men. However, less research has focused on how experiences of stalking may differ for men compared to women who were stalked and were afraid or concerned for their safety. This study examined stalker gender, course-of-conduct, threats and safety efficacy, and the association of those factors on stalking-related fear and mental health outcomes for men (n = 218) and women (n = 478) stalked by (ex)partners (n = 285) and non-partners (n = 411) within the past 5 years. Results showed that women had higher stalking-related-fear; but they were also more likely to be targeted by male (ex)partner stalkers than men. Even so, men who were stalked by males had higher stalking-related fear, after controlling for other factors, than men who were stalked by women. Further, (ex)partner stalkers were more threatening, interfering, and assaultive than non-partner stalkers. Safety efficacy, or perceived capability in handling a threatening situation, played a key role in mental health outcomes for both men and women stalking victims. Also, one-third of stalking victims, regardless of stalker type, indicated they also experienced proxy stalking. The study results suggest that characteristics of the stalking situation impacts fear and mental health outcomes, and that assessment and safety planning should consider both features of the stalking experience and safety efficacy of victims. Future research studies need to expand the repertoire of safety planning, and their effectiveness, to better address safety as well as to ameliorate mental health consequences.
Inhibition of the erythropoietin-producing receptor EPHB4 antagonizes androgen receptor overexpression and reduces enzalutamide resistance

Prostate cancer (PCa) cells heavily rely on an active androgen receptor (AR) pathway for their survival. Enzalutamide (MDV3100) is a second-generation antiandrogenic drug that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2012 to treat patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, emergence of resistance against this drug is inevitable, and it has been a major challenge to develop interventions that help manage enzalutamide-resistant CRPC. Erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular (Eph) receptors are targeted by ephrin protein ligands and have a broad range of functions. Increasing evidence indicates that this signaling pathway plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Overexpression of EPH receptor B4 (EPHB4) has been observed in multiple types of cancer, being closely associated with proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumors. Here, using RNA-Seq analyses of clinical and preclinical samples, along with several biochemical and molecular methods, we report that enzalutamide-resistant PCa requires an active EPHB4 pathway that supports drug resistance of this tumor type. Using a small kinase inhibitor and RNAi-based gene silencing to disrupt EPHB4 activity, we found that these disruptions re-sensitize enzalutamide-resistant PCa to the drug both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that EPHB4 stimulates the AR by inducing proto-oncogene c-Myc (c-Myc) expression. Taken together, these results provide critical insight into the mechanism of enzalutamide resistance in PCa, potentially offering a therapeutic avenue for enhancing the efficacy of enzalutamide to better manage this common malignancy.
Reaction of N2O with the prototype singlet biradical CH2: A theoretical study

Abstract Nitrous oxide (N2O) is currently the most important ozone-depleting substance emission and is a potent greenhouse gas. It is also a remarkably unreactive chemical species. Any loss processes for N2O in the troposphere and combustion can be important. Therefore, as part of an effort to investigate how N2O reacts with prototypical chemical species, its reaction with singlet methylene (CH2) is studied here using high accuracy thermochemistry mHEAT-345(Q) calculations, together with two-dimensional (E,J) master equation simulations. Two distinct mechanisms (an addition/elimination and an O-abstraction) have been characterized. The reaction is found to be very fast with a negative temperature dependence.
Gamma-Gamma Directional Correlations in Nd 147

Directional correlation measurements have been made on the 320- to 92-kev and 280-to 320-kev gamma-ray cascades in ${\mathrm{Pm}}^{147}$ following the decay of 11.1-day ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{147}$ with a coincidence scintillation spectrometer using NaI detectors. The observed correlation functions are: $W(\ensuremath{\theta})=1\ensuremath{-}(0.1030\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0298)$ ${P}_{2}(cos\ensuremath{\theta})+(0.0107\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0099)$ ${P}_{4}(cos\ensuremath{\theta})$, and $W(\ensuremath{\theta})=1+(0.0710\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0162)$ ${P}_{2}(cos\ensuremath{\theta})\ensuremath{-}(0.0126\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0103)$ ${P}_{4}(cos\ensuremath{\theta})$, respectively, for the two cascades. The energy levels of ${\mathrm{Pm}}^{147}$ at ground state, 92 kev, 410 kev, and 690 kev were found to be ${\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$, ${\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$, ${\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$, and ${\frac{5}{2}}^{+}$, respectively. It was found that the 92-kev gamma ray has a mixture of (95\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2)% $M1$ and (5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2)% $E2$ with ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{92}=+(0.229\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.143)$, the 320-kev gamma ray has a mixture of 1% $M1$ and 99% $E2$ with ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{320}=+9.95\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11$, and the 280-kev gamma ray has a mixture of 99% $M1$ and 1% $E2$ with ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{280}=\ensuremath{-}0.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11$.
Highlights in the fight against COVID-19: does autophagy play a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection?

In the preceding months, the novel SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has devastated global communities. The need for safe and effective prophylactic and therapeutic treatments to combat COVID-19 – the human dise...
Advances in imaging of chemically reacting flows

Many important chemically reacting systems are inherently multi-dimensional with spatial and temporal variations in the thermochemical state, which can be strongly coupled to interactions with transport processes. Fundamental insights into these systems require multi-dimensional measurements of the thermochemical state as well as fluid dynamics quantities. Laser-based imaging diagnostics provide spatially and temporally resolved measurements that help address this need. The state of the art in imaging diagnostics is continually progressing with the goal of attaining simultaneous multi-parameter measurements that capture transient processes, particularly those that lead to stochastic events, such as localized extinction in turbulent combustion. Development efforts in imaging diagnostics benefit from advances in laser and detector technology. This article provides a perspective on the progression of increasing dimensionality of laser-based imaging diagnostics and highlights the evolution from single-point measurements to 1D and 2D multi-parameter imaging and 3D high-speed imaging. This evolution is demonstrated using highlights of laser-based imaging techniques in combustion science research as an exemplar of a complex multi-dimensional chemically reacting system with chemistry–transport coupling. Imaging diagnostics impact basic research in other chemically reacting systems as well, such as measurements of near-surface gases in heterogeneous catalysis. The expanding dimensionality of imaging diagnostics leads to larger and more complex datasets that require increasingly demanding approaches to data analysis and provide opportunities for increased collaboration between experimental and computational researchers in tackling these challenges.
Safety Nets, Maternal Mental Health, and Child Mental Health Outcomes among Mothers Living in Poverty

Of the 40 million people living in poverty in the U.S., approximately 28% are single mothers and 18% are children. Low family income is linked with negative outcomes including higher rates of child mental health concerns. Due to limited public benefit availability, mothers often must rely on informal safety nets, or support from family or friends, to make ends meet. However, these informal safety nets are often coupled with burden, or obligations. To further increase their vulnerability, mothers living in poverty face higher levels of poor mental health. Also, both maternal mental health and safety nets can change over time. The purpose of this study was to examine informal safety nets, including informal support and burden, and maternal mental health and their longitudinal effects on mental health symptoms of children living in low-income families. Relying on data from the Welfare, Children, Families project, descriptive results showed change in informal safety nets, maternal mental health, and child mental health over time, with decline or multiple changes more common than improvement. Multilevel change models indicated safety nets and maternal mental health were associated with child outcomes such that mothers with minimal safety nets, higher psychological distress, and higher parenting stress had children with significantly higher mental health symptoms compared to children whose mothers had healthy safety nets and less distress. Findings speak to the importance of interventions that target both mothers and children in low-income families.
Conditional correlation between exchange rates and stock prices

Abstract This paper develops a model to explain a time-varying and currency-dependent interaction between stock prices and exchange rates. The linkage is proposed based on portfolio managers’ rebalance between foreign and domestic stocks. Stock prices in two industrialized countries are usually correlated but have different sensitivities to a common risk factor. When a common positive shock occurs, the country with higher sensitivity will attract relatively more investment on their stocks, which generates a net order flow toward that country’s currency in the foreign exchange market and further causes the country’s currency to appreciate. The paper concludes that the correlation between exchange rates and stock prices is determined by the relative sensitivity of two countries’ stock prices to the common stock factor. In specific, rising US stock prices are associated with appreciation(depreciation) of the Dollar when US(foreign) stock prices have higher sensitivity.
Navigate the Challenges of Simulation for Assessment: A Faculty Development Workshop.

Introduction Given barriers to learner assessment in the authentic clinical environment, simulated patient encounters are gaining attention as a valuable opportunity for competency assessment acros...
Neutral and threatening distracter word stimuli are unnecessarily stored in working memory but do not differ in their degree of working memory storage.

Abstract Evidence suggests that threatening stimuli induce attentional biases compared to neutral stimuli, leading to subsequent storage in working memory. The current study examined how threatening versus neutral word distracters influence attention, and how this affects the unnecessary storage of these task-irrelevant stimuli in working memory. We measured the N2pc and contralateral delay activity (CDA), two event-related potentials (ERPs) that index attentional selection and the number of items maintained in WM, respectively, as participants completed a lateralized change detection task using word stimuli. Our results replicated work demonstrating a CDA effect for word stimuli, and found that distracter words are unnecessarily stored in working memory. However, we observed non-significant differences in attentional bias and working memory storage between distracter word conditions, and individual variation in anxiety was not associated with these processes. Bayes Factor analyses supported these null effects, suggesting that differences between neutral and threatening distracter words are unlikely.
Old Father, Old Artificer: Female Sexuality and Male Authorship in Les Fleurs du mal and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

This paper examines the troubling relationship between the identity of the male artist and female sexuality during the rise of early modernism by comparing two literary works: Charles Baudelaire’s poetry collection Les Fleurs du mal and James Joyce’s novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Portraying prominent female characters as a means to define the authors’ own modern aesthetics, both Baudelaire and Joyce perceive underlying tensions between biological reproduction and artistic creativity, prompting them to explore in detail the relationships between gender, sexuality, and the production of literature. For Baudelaire, the male poet as flaneur derives voyeuristic pleasure from his imaginary lesbian narratives, and his aesthetic awareness of the self that emerges is contrasted with the “sterile” nature of female homosexuality. Joyce’s Stephen Dedalus in Portrait, on the other hand, adopts a more ambivalent relationship towards women: like Baudelaire’s speaker, Stephen usurps the generativity of women by replacing meaningful relations with imaginary ones, subsequently deriving literary inspiration; at the same time, however, these attempts bespeak deeper anxieties towards his inability to attain artistic autonomy, ultimately reflecting increasing vulnerabilities in the modern male artist’s perceptions of self-contained subjectivity. Published half a century apart, these two works marked critical junctures in the emergence of modernism, and a comparative approach thus allows us to trace shifting ideologies of modern personhood and gendered identity.
Measuring Performance of the Chinese Joint Ventures

A parent firm has many choices when it comes to selecting the indicators for measuring performance of its international joint ventures (IJVs). This paper identifies the indicators, discusses the reasons and factors that influence these choices. Semi-structured interviews with five US parent firms that have Chinese IJVs reveal that the parents use a range of internal and external indicators but these indicators differ from those they use for the parents themselves. This is due to different cultural and political emphases between the US and Chinese. However, there is no consistency on the weighting on the choices of the indicators, but the respondents reveal a need for a transparent and consistent evaluation process. These findings have implications to the managers of both the parent firms and IJVs, and stakeholders.
[Detect 15 pesticides fungicide in edible fungi by multiplug filtration clean-up pretreatment technology with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Objective To establish a method for determination of 15 pesticides residue in edible fungi by multiplug filtration clean-up(m-PFC) pretreatment technique with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). Methods The interferences of edible fungus samples were removed by extracting with acetonitrile and filtration type extraction column, which were fat, carbohydrates, water-soluble vitamins. Samples were separated with column of Waters ACQUITY UPLC®HSS T3(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm), and were scanned by multiple reaction monitoring mode(MRM). Samples were quantified with matrix matching standard curve external standard method. Results The recoveries of 15 target compounds at the spiked levels of 10, 20, 50 μg/kg were 82.5%-118.5%, and the relative standard deviations were between 6.1% and 23.1%(n=6). The detection limit of 15 target compounds was 1-3 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification was 3-10 μg/kg. Conclusion This method improves the efficiency of pretreatment, has good stability and high sensitivity, and could be used for the detection of 15 pesticides in edible fungi.
Negative Affect, Queer Aesthetics, and the Illuminations of Cleanness

In 1924, W. W. Greg referred to the twelve illuminations of London, British Library, MS Cotton Nero A.x. as “queer pictures.” Greg’s provocative description of these images serves as the foundation...
The Effect of Long-Term Fasting on the Branched Chain Acylcarnitines and Branched Chain Carnitine Acyltransferases

The effect of fasting for 8 days on the levels of carnitine acyltransferases in heart, liver, liver mitochondria, skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle mitochondria, kidney, and testes in young adult male rats was determined. The specific activities of acetyl-, octanyl-, isobutyryl-, and isovaleryl-carnitine acyltransferase in mitochondria isolated from livers of fasted animals were significantly higher than the levels of the transferases isolated from livers of fed animals. Similar results were obtained with the 500 X g supernatant fluids from liver. In contrast, the specific activities of carnitine acyltransferases of 500 X g supernatant fractions isolated from heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, and testes were the same for fed as fasted animals. The total carnitine content of liver, muscle, heart, and kidney was less in animals fasted for 8 days than in fed animals, but the amount/g of organ was higher in the animals fasted for 8 days. The amount of specific short-chain acylcarnitines in liver, muscle, and heart was determined for both fed and fasted animals. The amount of isobutyrylcarnitine and iso- valerylcarnitine increased significantly in muscle from fasted animals. These data are consistent with the previous suggestion that carnitine may have a role in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids. J. Nutr. 109: 155-161, 1979.
Fission-fragment detector for DANCE based on thin scintillating films

A fission-fragment detector based on thin scintillating films has been built to serve as a trigger/veto detector in neutron-induced fission measurements at DANCE. The fissile material is surrounded by scintillating films providing 4π 4 π detection of the fission fragments. The scintillation photons were registered with silicon photomultipliers. A measurement of the 235 U (n,f) ( n , f ) reaction with this detector at DANCE revealed a correct time-of-flight spectrum and provided an estimate for the efficiency of the prototype detector of 11.6(7)%. Design and test measurements with the detector are described.
Color of Light

Color can be seen only if there is light. Unlike the absolute sense of musical pitch, possessed by some persons, there is no absolute sense of color. All color perception is relative. For wide ranges of variation of spectral distributions and of location in the chromaticity diagram of the point that represents it, any light source looks white, as do all objects illuminated by it that have reflectances that are both high and independent of wavelength. Such objects are called white, almost regardless of the quality of their illumination. Chromatic objects are those that in these same illuminations, appear qualitatively different from white. The points that represent chromatic objects in the chromaticity diagram have locations different from the point that represents both the illumination and white objects. Chromatic qualities of common sources or illuminations can be sensed only by comparison with some reference illumination. For the colorimetry of reflecting or transmitting objects, illuminants A, C, or D65 are commonly used for reference. They can also be used for assessing the color of light and often are so used to specify the colors of highly chromatic sources. However, to designate commonly encountered qualities of illumination, a continuous series of sources that span the expected range and that are determined by a single parameter is useful. Such a series is provided by the ideal thermal radiators commonly called blackbodies. Their parameter is temperature, expressed on the Kelvin scale.
Can personality traits be inferred automatically? Spontaneous inferences require cognitive capacity at encoding

Previous research showed that people can make trait inferences from single behaviors described in sentences, without either intentions to do so or awareness of having done so. This suggested that these inferences might be automatic. By definition, “automatic” cognitive processes occur without intentions or awareness, without effort, and without using capacity-limited cognitive processing resources. Winter, Uleman, and Cunniff (1985) attempted to manipulate available cognitive capacity by varying the difficulty of the concurrent cognitive task. This did not affect unintended trait inferences, suggesting that these are automatic by this criterion. But they had no direct measure of available cognitive capacity. In the present study, we added a probe reaction time measure of capacity to their procedure and extended the range of task difficulties. Earlier findings of trait inferences without intentions or awareness were replicated, but there was also evidence that the concurrent task interfered with the trait inference process. Hence, although trait inferences can be “spontaneous” (occurring without intentions or awareness), subjectively effortless, and difficult to disrupt with a concurrent task, they are not entirely automatic because they do use capacity-limited resources. These results also confirm that the cued-recall evidence for spontaneous trait inferences reflects important encoding and not merely retrieval phenomena.
Four beta-alkylpyridines from a sponge

Abstract The structures of four sponge metabolites (7, 9, 11, 12), β-alkylpyridines terminating in oximino or amino methyl ethers, were determined by NMR measurements. Their cytotoxicity against KB cells (IC50) ranged from 5 to 10μg/mL.]
The optimal seasonal pattern of EC exports — the case of wheat

In this article, the seasonal pattern of EC wheat exports will be determined which maximizes EC net revenue or minimizes restitution expenditure, respectively. It is shown that this problem can be solved formulating a quadratic programming model In recent years, the level of the monthly increments for intervention and threshold prices has been progressively reduced and the intervention period has been shortened. The model is used to investigate the implication of these changes for the least restitution expenditure seasonal pattern of EC exports and to calculate the savings in EC restitution expenditure. Copyright 1991 by Oxford University Press.
Tutoring Outcomes of Academically Underprepared Adolescent Minority Students as a Function of Student and Tutor Characteristics

(1992). Tutoring Outcomes of Academically Underprepared Adolescent Minority Students as a Function of Student and Tutor Characteristics. The Journal of Genetic Psychology: Vol. 153, No. 2, pp. 225-227.
Toward a Multicultural Pedagogy: Literary and Nonliterary Traditions

Over the last two decades, coincident with the broadening of the literary canon, multicultural scholars have produced a vast amount of critical and pedagogical literature. Despite these advances, though, and despite a broad consensus about the moral and political goals of our work in and out of the classroom-that we have, as Doris Davenport suggests, a "moral imperative" (66) to teach itwe lack a coherent pedagogy. John Alberti accurately asserts that multicultural scholarship has adequately addressed changing the texts we bring to class but inadequately addressed what we do with those texts in the classroom (xi-xii). Our natural inclination leads us to familiar ways of reading and teaching, but most scholars now recognize that conventional methods may not work in a multicultural literature classroom. However, the responses to this recent awareness provide little guidance, as each seems to exist in isolation, or even counterpoint, to the others. With this fragmentation in multicultural criticism, we lack a coherent framework for creating pedagogy. A brief look at Maxine Hong Kingston's China Men can exemplify what I mean. An extremely difficult text primarily due its cross-cultural contexts but also a powerful and important story of the long-ignored experiences of Chinese-American men in America, China Men poses significant challenges for instructors and illustrates the larger problem of multicultural pedagogy. Western-based critical studies of the narrator's male ancestors tend to focus on narratives of exploration and discovery in the spirit of rugged individualism and the making of America. This theme is initially raised through the first interchapter, "On Discov
Mortality Rates Among Arab Americans in Michigan

The objectives of this study were to: (1) calculate age-specific and age-adjusted cause-specific mortality rates for Arab Americans; and (2) compare these rates with those for blacks and whites. Mortality rates were estimated using Michigan death certificate data, an Arab surname and first name list, and 2000 U.S. Census data. Age-specific rates, age-adjusted all-cause and cause-specific rates were calculated. Arab Americans (75+) had higher mortality rates than whites and blacks. Among men, all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates for Arab Americans were in the range of whites and blacks. However, Arab American men had lower mortality rates from cancer and chronic lower respiratory disease compared to both whites and blacks. Among women, Arab Americans had lower mortality rates from heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes than whites and blacks. Arab Americans are growing in number. Future study should focus on designing rigorous separate analyses for this population.
Modest activity of pomalidomide in patients with myelofibrosis and significant anemia

Abstract We evaluated single agent pomalidomide for myelofibrosis-associated anemia. First, 21 patients received pomalidomide 3.0 mg/day on 21-day-on/7-day-off schedule. Due to poor tolerance the study was quickly suspended. Second, 29 patients received pomalidomide 0.5 mg/day continuously. Three patients (10%) experienced clinical improvement in hemoglobin per International-Working-Group criteria (median time to response 1.6 months; median response duration 6.7 months). Ten patients were RBC-transfusion-dependent per Delphi criteria; 2 (20%) achieved RBC-transfusion-independence (time to response 0.9 months in both; response duration of 8.3 and 15 months). One grade 3/4 toxicity (neutropenia) occurred. Pomalidomide at low dose is well tolerated but has modest clinical activity in myelofibrosis.
Are you feeling what I’m feeling? The role of facial mimicry in facilitating reconnection following social exclusion

The present work investigated the interpersonal functions of facial mimicry after social exclusion. Specifically, we examined two distinct functions that facial mimicry may serve in promoting reconnection: facilitating the understanding of others’ emotions and/or fostering interpersonal rapport. Using a novel facial mimicry paradigm, we found that although people exhibited both greater facial mimicry (Studies 1 and 2) and superior emotion-decoding accuracy (Study 2) after exclusion, facial mimicry did not mediate the relationship between exclusion and decoding accuracy (Study 2). Instead, we found support for facial mimicry serving to promote interpersonal rapport. Specifically, in Study 3, naive judges rated videos of target-participant pairs from Study 1 for social closeness. Findings indicated that pairs with a previously-excluded participant were rated as socially closer than pairs with a previously-included participant (Study 3). Importantly, enhanced facial mimicry was found to mediate the relationship between exclusion and rated closeness. Altogether these findings suggest that facial mimicry may promote reconnection after social exclusion by fostering rapport.
Synoptic: studying logged behavior with inferred models

Logging is a powerful method for capturing program activity and state during an execution. However, log inspection remains a tedious activity, with developers often piecing together what went on from multiple log lines and across many files. This paper describes Synoptic, a tool that takes logs as input and outputs a finite state machine that models the process generating the logs. The paper overviews the model inference algorithms. Then, it describes the Synoptic tool, which is designed to support a rich log exploration workflow.
Bridging the Gap Between Neuroscientific and Psychodynamic Models in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

This article provides a selective review of the neuroscience and child-psychoanalytic literature, focusing on areas of significant overlap and emphasizing comprehensive theories in developmental neuroscience and child psychoanalysis with testable mechanisms of action. Topics include molecular biology and genetics findings relevant to psychotherapy research, neuroimaging findings relevant to psychotherapy, brain regions of interest for psychotherapy, neurobiologic changes caused by psychotherapy, use of neuroimaging to predict treatment outcome, and schemas as a bridging concept between psychodynamic and cognitive neuroscience models. The combined efforts of neuroscientists and psychodynamic clinicians and theorists are needed to unravel the mechanisms of human mental functioning.
An Example of Information Exchange Between a Liquid Chromatographic System And a Robotic Sample Preparation System

Abstract Analytical laboratories are looking for the “Total Solution” today. Ideally, the “Total Solution” is the automation of all steps after receiving a sample for analysis including generation of the final report. While that goal is not yet fully realized, efforts to attain it are well underway. Robotic sample preparation systems have rapidly evolved to become common tools in many analytical laboratories which use them along with standard analytical instruments such as chromatographs and spectrophotometers. Physically coupling the two types of systems can offer advantages – the full extent of which depends upon the degree of sophistication in the communication between them. The goal of a “Total Solution” demands real-time decision-making capability based on the information associated with each sample. This information includes everything from its origin to just-completed chromatographic results as the sample travels through the lab. Hence, the level of information exchange between preparation and anal...
Cervical vertebral arteriovenous fistula balloon embolization in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1

The authors present a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 associated with cervical kyphosis, a cervical vertebral arterial fistula, and contralateral vertebral arterial occlusion. The fistula was successfully treated with detachable balloons.
Threshold spectra via the Ehrenfeucht game

Employing an analysis of the Ehrenfeucht game a partial characterization of the threshold spectra for first-order sentences in the theory of graphs is given.
Mathematical modeling and numerical characterization of composite thermoelectric devices

Abstract A Composite Thermoelectric Device (CTED) is comprised of thermoelectric (TE) elements made of TE semiconductor materials bonded to highly electrically and thermally conductive material in a segmented fashion. Thermoelectric performance of such devices using numerical methods with temperature-dependent thermoelectrical properties has been investigated. The CTED performance in terms of produced electrical current, Ohmic and Seebeck potentials, power output P 0 , heat input Q h , and conversion efficiency η is studied for various hot surface temperature T h , load resistance, semiconductor thickness d , and convection heat transfer coefficient h values. The aforementioned CTED performance characteristics are compared to those of a conventional TED with geometrical equivalence. For a given T h , a maximum P 0 is achieved at a load resistance value that is equal to the total internal resistance R i of the device; an optimum η , at an optimum load resistance R optmL which is typically higher than the R i . A CTED with d = 1 mm, the optimum η values are 24.8%, 26.2% and 29.9% higher than conventional TED values at T h = 350 K, 450 K and 550 K, respectively. At R optmL values, the difference in P 0 and Q h show significant and minor increases, respectively, in relation to differences in η with an increase in T h . The variation of the semiconductor thickness d has a substantial effect on the CTED characteristics and R optmL values; as d decreases, a continuous increase in P 0 and Q h and an optimum value of η are achieved. Intuitively, R optmL increases with an increase in d and it reaches a maximum value at the conventional TED limit. With d = 0.5 mm, T h = 450 K and h = 20 W m −2 K −1 at a corresponding R optmL value, P 0 and Q h exhibit an eight- and six-fold increase, respectively, and η is increased 22% compared to a conventional TED. The convective heat transfer coefficient has a pronounced effect on the CTED performance when it is greater than 100 W m −2 K −1 . From this study, the CTEDs show promise of extracting more heat in waste heat recovery applications when compared to conventional TEDs.
Effect of preharvest applied herbicides on breadmaking quality of hard red spring wheat

Certain herbicides can be applied prior to harvest for weed control in wheat. Research was conducted to determine the effect of preharvest applications of glyphosate, paraquat and metsulfuron + 2, 4-D on grain, flour and the breadmaking quality of hard red spring wheat. Herbicides were applied at soft dough (SD), ∼500 g kg−1 kernel moisture and hard dough (HD), ∼350 g kg−1 kernel moisture stages of ‘Parshall’ hard red spring wheat. Test weight was reduced 1.3 and 2.3 kg hl−1, 1000 kernel weight was reduced 3.5 and 4.5 g, and large kernel content was reduced 230 and 280 g kg−1 by glyphosate and paraquat respectively when applied at SD. Metsulfuron + 2, 4-D did not affect physical grain quality. Glyphosate and paraquat applied at SD and HD increased gluten index two to eight units. Metsulfuron + 2, 4-D reduced the gluten index four units when applied at SD. Dough mixing stability was increased 1.7 min by glyphosate applied at SD or HD, and by paraquat applied at SD. Dough mixing time during bread making was 0.5 min longer with flour from wheat treated with glyphosate and was 0.4 min shorter with flour from wheat treated with Metsulfuron + 2, 4-D at SD. Loaf volume, symmetry and crumb score were not affected by herbicide treatments. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Studies on the Cause of Increased Growth During Pregnancy

Conclusions1. Inasmuch as pseudopregnant rats gain at nearly the same rate as those going through normal pregnancy it would appear that the fetus and its membranes are responsible only in part, if at all, for the increased growth rate of pregnant rats. 2. Progesterone apparently does not stimulate appetite. If the ovary is indirectly involved it may be by depressed estrogen secretion following mating inasmuch as appetite is increased following castration. This increase, however, is not observed until the sixth day as compared to the second day in pregnancy.
‘This is a lot like the Bronx, isn’t it?’ Lived experiences of marginality in an Argentine slum

Based on life-stories, in-depth interviews and informal conversations, this article focuses on the lived experiences of the inhabitants of a slum in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The first part of the article explores the political-economic context of deepening marginalization of the slum population in contemporary Argentina, paying special attention to the mutually reinforcing processes of massification of under- and unemployment, impoverishment and state retrenchment. The second part of the article analyses the impact of such increasing marginalization on the lived experiences of slum-dwellers in Villa Paraiso. In particular, it focuses on (a) the dominant antagonisms that divide the residents of this destitute neighbourhood; and (b) the feeling of social isolation and abandonment that pervades much of the reality of slum-dwellers. The article finds some experiential similarities between slum-dwellers in Argentina and residents of other enclaves of urban poverty in advanced societies. A partir d'histoires de vie, des entrevues en profondeur et des conversations informelles, cet article a pour objet les experiences vecues des habitants des taudis de Buenos-Aires en Argentine. La premiere partie de l'article explore le contexte socio-politique de marginalisation croissante des habitants des taudis dans l'Argentine contemporaine, attirant particulierement l'attention sur les processus de massification, de sous-emploi et de chomage, d'appauvrissement et de retrait de l'etat qui se renforcent mutuellement. La seconde partie de l'article analyse l'impact que cette marginalisation grandissante a sur l'experience des habitants des taudis de Villa Paraiso. Il examine en particulier (a) les antagonismes dominants qui divisent les residents de ce quartier sans ressources et (b) l'impression d'isolation sociale et d'abandonnement qui impregne une bonne part de la realite des habitants de taudis. L'article met en evidence certaines similarites entre les experiences des habitants de taudis en Argentine et les residents d'autres enclaves de pauvrete urbaine dans les societes avancees.
Automated Design of Multiphase Space Missions Using Hybrid Optimal Control

A modern space mission is assembled from multiple phases or events such as impulsive maneuvers, coast arcs, thrust arcs, and planetary flybys. Traditionally, a mission planner would resort to intuition and experience to develop a sequence of events for the multiphase mission and to find the space trajectory that minimizes propellant use by solving the associated continuous optimal control problem. This strategy, however, will most likely yield a suboptimal solution, as the problem is sophisticated for several reasons. For example, the number of events in the optimal mission structure is not known a priori, and the system equations of motion change depending on what event is current. In this work a framework for the automated design of multiphase space missions is presented using hybrid optimal control. The method developed uses two nested loops: an outer-loop that handles the discrete dynamics and finds the optimal mission structure in terms of the categorical variables, and an inner-loop that performs th...