cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Programming pH-triggered self-assembly transitions via isomerization of peptide sequence.

While the ordering of amino acids in proteins and peptide-based materials is known to affect their folding patterns and supramolecular architectures, tailoring self-assembly behavior in stimuli responsive peptides by isomerizing a peptide sequence has not been extensively explored. Here, we show that changing the position of a single hydrophobic amino acid in short amphiphilic peptides can dramatically alter their pH-triggered self-assembly transitions. Using palmitoyl-IAAAEEEE-NH2 and palmitoyl-IAAAEEEEK(DO3A:Gd)-NH2 as controls, moving the Isoleucine away from the palmitoyl tail preferentially induces nanofiber formation over spherical micelles. Shifting the Isoleucine one residue away makes the transition pH more basic by 2 units. When in the third or fourth position, nanofibers are formed exclusively above 10 μM. We propose that moving the Isoleucine away from the tail enhances its ability to promote β-sheet formation instead of folding back into the palmitoyl core. These findings reveal a novel strat...
Quantitative analysis of chromium in the gelatin vacant capsules with a variety of pre-treatment methods

Objective:Comparing the characteristics of different pretreatment methods in analysis of chromium in the gelatin vacant capsules,and looking for the special way to improve the detection efficiency.Method:Appling four pretreatment methods to deteriorate the sample,including microwave digestion,part digestion,dry ashing and wet digestion.Use graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry(FAAS) to determine Cr content in seven batches of gelatin vacant capsules.Result:Appling part digestion pretreatment and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry can use only about half an hour to complete the analysis of one sample,this method also use less acid solution consumption.Conclusion:Part digestion method will enhance the rapid detection of heavy metals ability of the vacant capsules.
Analysis of the Cutaneous and Systemic Effects of Endermologie® in the Porcine Model

Abstract Learning Objectives: The reader is presumed to have a broad understanding of plastic surgical procedures and concepts. After studying the article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the design of a study to examine the effect of Endermologie ® treatments on the Yucatan mini-pig model. 2. Realize the histologic changes produced by Endermologie ® treatments in this study animal whose cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues have similarities with human tissues. Physicians may earn 1 hour of Category 1 CME credit by successfully completing the examination based on material covered in this article. The examination begins on page 421. Endermologie ® has been touted as an alternative to or adjunctive therapy with liposuction for the removal of subcutaneous fat, body contouring, and tissue toning. In this study we examined the effects of Endermologie ® treatment with the Yucatan mini-pig model. Pigs were divided into three treatment groups ( n = 4) and underwent 4, 10, or 20 treatment sessions, respectively. Blood and urine analysis was conducted during the study to obtain evidence of tissue trauma or breakdown and excretion of subcutaneous fatty tissue. Matched en bloc tissue sections from treated and untreated areas were examined for possible wound healing, inflammatory response, and tissue architecture changes. Examination of tissues revealed changes of architecture with accumulation of dense, longitudinal collagen bands in the mid and deep subdermal tissue layer; some distortion and disruption of adipocyte cell membranes were also observed. The degree of tissue change found was dependent on the number of treatment sessions performed. Endermologie ® treatments did not elicit a classical wound healing or inflammatory response, with no evidence of either increased tissue vascularity or cell division. No evidence of mobilization of fatty tissue was found, and no fat breakdown products or metabolites were detectable in blood or urine. Treatments did not cause a decrease in subcutaneous tissue thickness. No evidence of skin or muscle injury was noted. Further studies are warranted to determine whether the changes noted are short term or permanent.
Copper and zinc in CCI4 treated rats

The role of two trace metals, copper and zinc, are important in maintaining blood pressure and the effect of carbon tetrachloride (CCl/sub 4/) has been found to be a depressor. Experimental renal hypertension has been reduced to normotension after multiple subcutaneous injections of CCl/sub 4/. By dose adjustment, the degree of liver damage has been reduced to a level of mild to moderate degree of fatty metamorphosis of the liver. It is possible that the depressor effect could be mediated by imbalance of copper and/or zinc. In the present study, copper and zinc levels were determined following CCl/sub 4/ treatment. The present work used normotensive rats treated for periods, which, in hypertensive animals, caused the blood pressure to fall.
A personal and epistemological journey toward women's studies

Alice Ginsberg’s invitation to write this chapter presented authors with a number of questions to which they were asked to respond. I have chosen to take an autobiographical approach to her request since personal experiences, rather than formal academic training, brought me into women’s studies, changed my thinking about “how we know what we know,” and shaped my life. My “participant observer” status as an American woman along with 30 years of reading and teaching about women’s status worldwide continues to sustain my interest in a burgeoning field that has, since its inception, merged a political with an intellectual agenda. I hope the reader will indulge me in this approach, a ploy entirely in keeping with two of the fundamental insights of the U.S. feminist movement—that the personal is the political and that one’s positionality shapes one’s intellectual work.
Semiotics of Brand Hate

This chapter discusses the semiotics of many anti-branding images created by brand haters. Anti-branding semiotics are strong reflections of consumer brand hate. In this chapter, the tacit semiotic rules used by brand haters are revealed. It provides a broad theoretical discussion about the semiotic characteristics of branding and consumer-generated anti-branding as well as digital anti-branding discourse. The chapter then investigates consumer anti-branding semiotics by examining a sample of anti-branding images targeted at valuable corporate brands. It seems brand haters usually prefer red and black colors (“fire and brimstone” a color codification of hell according to religious references), rebranding corporate brand names and slogans by embedding negative words and signs, thus creating a negative representation of those brands. In the interviews with consumers their ways of decoding such brand hate semiotics were discussed. These discussions indicated that anti-branding semiotic representations using dark humor and clear messages can create the most impact on consumers, while an aggressive but intriguing message has some potential to influence consumers.
Conditional maximum likelihood estimation for a class of observation-driven time series models for count data

Abstract This paper investigates the statistical inference for a class of observation-driven time series models of count data based on the conditional maximum likelihood estimator (CMLE), where the conditional distribution of the observed count given a state process is from the one-parameter exponential family. Under certain regularity conditions, the strong consistency and asymptotic normality of the CMLE of the misspecified likelihood function are established.
Exploiting sparsity to improve the accuracy of Nyström-based large-scale spectral clustering

The Nystrom method is a matrix approximation technique that has shown great promise in speeding up spectral clustering. However, when the input matrix is sparse, we show that the traditional Nystrom method requires a prohibitively large number of samples to obtain a good approximation. We propose a novel sampling approach to select the landmark points used to compute the Nystrom approximation. We show that the proposed sampling approach obeys the same error bound as in Bouneffouf and Birol (2015). To control sample complexity, we propose a selective densification step based on breadth-first traversal. We show that the proposed densification does not change the optimal clustering. Results on real world datasets show that by combining the proposed sampling and densification schemes, we can obtain better accuracy compared to other techniques used for the Nystrom method while using significantly fewer samples.
Post Cleaning for FEOL CMP with Silica and Ceria Slurries

Post cleaning experiments for front end of the line (FEOL) CMP with silica and ceria slurries are carried out on commercial polishers with 300 mm oxide, nitride, and integrated shallow trench isolation (STI) wafers. Considering the charge attraction or repulsion between particles and wafer surface, both acidic and basic clean chemicals are applied at different stages in the post CMP process sequence. Diluted hydrogen peroxide in a non-contact megasonic cleaner is used to remove ceria abrasive particles and polish residues with high efficiency. On-platen buff clean with or without pad conditioning can make an impact on the post CMP cleaning performance. Post CMP cleaning splits are executed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of each of the process steps and their roles in the overall cleaning performance.
Future cosmic microwave background delensing with galaxy surveys

The primordial B-modes component of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization is a promising experimental data set to probe the inflationary paradigm. B modes are indeed a direct consequence of the presence of gravitational waves in the early Universe. However, several secondary effects in the low-redshift universe will produce nonprimordial B modes. In particular, the gravitational interactions of CMB photons with large-scale structures will distort the primordial E modes, adding a lensing B-mode component to the primordial signal. Removing the lensing component (``delensing'') will then be necessary to constrain the amplitude of the primordial gravitational waves. Here, we examine the role of current and future large-scale structure surveys in a multitracers approach to CMB delensing. We find that, in general, galaxy surveys should be split into tomographic bins, as this can increase the reduction of lensing B modes by $\ensuremath{\sim}25%$ in power in the most futuristic case. Ongoing or recently completed CMB experiments will particularly benefit from large-scale structure tracers that, once properly combined, will have a better performance than a CMB internal reconstruction. With the decrease of instrumental noise, the lensing B-modes power removed using CMB internal reconstruction alone will rapidly increase. Nevertheless, optical galaxy surveys will still play an important role even for fourth-generation CMB experiments. In particular, an LSST-like survey can a achieve a delensing performance comparable to a third-generation CMB experiment but with entirely different systematics. This redundancy will be essential to demonstrate the robustness against systematics of an eventual detection of primordial B modes.
High-Temperature Stress Measurements During the Oxidation of NiAl

The growth stresses in α-alumina scales growing on stoichiometric NiAlduring oxidation in air at 1100°C have been measured by two X-raydiffraction techniques: the classic rocking technique and a newly developedfixed-incidence multiplane (FIM) technique. The growth stresses were foundto be within the experimental uncertainty of the measurements, i.e., nearzero. Measurement of the residual stresses using an optical-fluorescencespectroscopy (OFS) technique in adherent regions of the scale, after coolingto room temperature, were consistent with the growth stresses having beennegligibly small. These measurements contrast with previous measurements ofgrowth stresses in α-alumina growing on Fe–Cr–Al alloys,using the FIM technique, which indicated compressive growth stresses on theorder of 1 GPa. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
Laser multi-beam differential interferometric sensor for acoustic detection of buried objects

Laser Doppler vibrometers (LDVs) have been successfully used for ground vibration imaging in acoustic detection of buried objects. LDVs operating from a stationary platform or from a moving platform with a beam looking down can provide high sensitivity vibration measurement of the ground. However, operation from a moving vehicle with laser beams looking forward induces Doppler shift in the LDV beam. This shift can be much greater than the modulation bandwidth of the LDV. The demodulation must allow for the shift either by increasing the processing bandwidth, or by tracking the Doppler shift. The former increases the LDV noise while the latter can result in complex LDV design and signal processing. We developed a novel Laser Multi Beam Differential Interferometric Sensor (LAMBDIS) which provides measurement of vibration fields of objects with high sensitivity, while having low sensitivity to the whole body motion of the object, or sensor itself. The principle of operation of the LAMBDIS is based on the interference of light reflected from different points on the object surface illuminated with a linear array of laser beams. The Doppler shift induced by the sensor motion is approximately the same for all beams and is automatically subtracted from the measurements. Scanning the linear array of laser beams in the transverse direction provides a vibration image of the surface. Performance of the sensor for vibration imaging of a buried object was experimentally investigated. The experimental results and description of the sensor are presented in the paper.
Vocabulary Tailored Summary Generation

Neural sequence-to-sequence models have been successfully extended for summary generation.However, existing frameworks generate a single summary for a given input and do not tune the summaries towards any additional constraints/preferences. Such a tunable framework is desirable to account for linguistic preferences of the specific audience who will consume the summary. In this paper, we propose a neural framework to generate summaries constrained to a vocabulary-defined linguistic preferences of a target audience. The proposed method accounts for the generation context by tuning the summary words at the time of generation. Our evaluations indicate that the proposed approach tunes summaries to the target vocabulary while still maintaining a superior summary quality against a state-of-the-art word embedding based lexical substitution algorithm, suggesting the feasibility of the proposed approach. We demonstrate two applications of the proposed approach - to generate understandable summaries with simpler words, and readable summaries with shorter words.
Targeting of Nanoparticles: Folate Receptor

Nanoparticulate medicines offer the advantage of allowing delivery of large quantities of unmodified drug within the same particle. Nanoparticle uptake by cancer cells can, however, be compromised due to the large size and hydrophilicity of the particle. To circumvent cell penetration problems and simultaneously improve tumor specificity, nanoparticulate medicines have been linked to targeting ligands that bind to malignant cell surfaces and enter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. In this chapter, we summarize multiple methods for delivering nanoparticles into cancer cells by folate receptor-mediated endocytosis, devoting special emphasis to folate-targeted liposomes. Folate receptor-mediated endocytosis has emerged as an attractive strategy for nanoparticle delivery due to both overexpression of the folate receptor on cancer cells and the rapid internalization of the receptor by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Ownership of the Human Body: The Dutch Context

Ownership is a well-known feature of the world; without it our world would be considerably different. Consequently, ownership is an important topic in moral, political, and legal philosophy. Furthermore, every country has its particular ownership institutions. All too human quarrels about what’s mine and what’s thine have led to the establishment of fan extensive body of laws. Intricate legal distinctions have been developed between, for example, the actual power to dispose of goods (possession), the title or legal right to dispose of goods (ownership), and the goods being owned (property). This chapter intends to investigate the issue of ownership of the human body and body parts from a Dutch legal perspective. However, nowhere in the Civil Code of The Netherlands is anything said about ownership of the human body and body parts. Houses, roads, trees, animals, corn, even treasures are mentioned in property law, but nothing about human bodies or body parts.
Implications for Monetary Reform

This Chapter examines the prospects for monetary reform. As the opening quotation states, the perceived need for any sort of reform is a product of suffering. Suffering implies that the costs of the arrangements to be reformed are quite high relative to the benefits. This Chapter begins by considering three types of costs to society associated with the current monetary policy arrangements. The first is the cost of inflation. The first section of this Chapter indicates that a nation’s inflation performance is directly related to the autonomy of its central bank. Thus, one direction of potential monetary reform would be to increase Federal Reserve autonomy. Another type of cost of contemporary monetary policy arrangements is the cost associated with contradictory objectives for monetary policy. The second section of this Chapter deals with contradictory policy assignments. It suggests that the simplification of goals for monetary policy is another bearing that monetary reform might take. In recent years there has been increasing interest in Congress’ restricting the Federal Reserve to a single goal, price stability. The third section of the Chapter examines the idea that today’s monetary policy arrangements exist primarily to enable the Federal Reserve to create monetary surprises. Therefore, socially costly uncertainty and misdirection are essential elements of monetary policy. This suggests that the immediate disclosure of the goals and targets of monetary policy is another direction for monetary policy reform. The next two sections of the Chapter review the findings reported in earlier chapters regarding political attempts to influence monetary policy and the ability of the Federal Reserve to resist these efforts. The final section of the Chapter puts all of the insights provided by earlier sections together and adduces a number of options for practicable and complementary monetary reform.
Hierarchical Action Refinement: A Methodology for Compiling Asynchronous Circuits from a Concurrent HDL

A hardware specification formalism called hopCP is introduced. hopCP provides an uniform notation to describe the causal relationships between a set of nonatomic actions which capture the computational, concurrency, control and communication aspects of hardware behavior. A systematic approach to synthesize asynchronous circuits from hopCP, based on hierarchical action refinement, is presented. Actions in hopCP could denote control, value communication, and computation (e.g.: evaluation of functional expressions). The salient features of our scheme include systematic resource allocation and control decomposition with the ability to use standard off the shelf components and the flexibility to retarget the compilation to different data transfer protocols and hardware primitives. The synthesis of a LRU (least recently used) circuit used in the design of cache memory and virtual memory systems is presented to illustrate our ideas.
Abstract 5518: Bi-allelic loss of CDKN2A initiates melanoma invasion and metastasis via E2F1-BRN2 axis

CDKN2A acts as a critical tumor suppressor in melanoma, as evidenced by frequent loss of function mutations and deletion. Loss of CDKN2A is believed to permit escape from senescent pre-neoplastic cell populations through relieve of a cell cycle block mediated by its two gene products. We performed a comprehensive analysis of CDKN2A gene status, mRNA and protein expression levels of p16 and p14 in a cohort of melanomas and their adjacent pre-neoplastic lesions and observed that bi-allelic CDKN2A loss coincides with the progression stage when primary melanomas become invasive. In melanoma lines, p16INK4A, one of the protein products of the CDKN2A locus, is a potent barrier to metastasis, independent of its known role inhibiting cell proliferation. We genetically engineered primary human melanocytes to harbor CDKN2A deletions and/or BRAF V600E mutation at their endogenous BRAF locus. Using this physiologic model for the early phases of neoplastic transformation, we found no evidence for BRAF-induced senescence, rather observing that p16INK4A loss activates a master regulator of melanoma invasion, BRN2, through Rb-E2F1 pathway. These results demonstrate that one of the most frequently altered genes across human cancers, CDKN2A, has an unexpected novel role in inhibiting cellular invasion through lineage specific transcription factors and acts as an essential gatekeeper of early metastatic dissemination. Citation Format: Hanlin Zeng, Aparna Jorapur, A. Hunter Shain, Ursula E. Lang, Rodrigo Torres, Yuntian Zhang, Thomas Botton, Jue Lin, Andrew S. Mcneal, Matthew Donne, Ingmar N. Bastian, Jeffrey North, Laura Pincus, Richard Yu, Beth S. Ruben, Nancy Joseph, Iwei Ye, Boris C. Bastian, Robert L. Judson. Bi-allelic loss of CDKN2A initiates melanoma invasion and metastasis via E2F1-BRN2 axis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5518.
Abstract P117: Blood Pressure Outcomes in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism after Adrenalectomy versus Medical Management in Relation to the New 2017 ACC/AHA Blood Pressure Guidelines

Objective: Investigate blood pressure (BP) outcomes in primary aldosteronism (PA) patients following adrenalectomy or medical therapy in the context of the lower BP target goal and threshold propos...
Deprivation of glutamine in cell culture reveals its potential for treating cancer

The growth-stimulating capacity of calf serum (CS) in cell culture reaches a maximum of 10% with Balb 3T3 cells, remains at a plateau to 40% CS, and declines steeply to 100% CS. Growth capacity can be largely restored to the latter by a combination of cystine and glutamine. Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid that continues to function at very low concentrations to support the growth of nontransformed cells, but transformed cells require much larger concentrations to survive. These different requirements hold true over a 10-fold variation in background concentrations of CS and amino acids. The high requirement of glutamine for transformed cells applies to the development of neoplastically transformed foci. These observations have given rise to a novel protocol for cancer therapy based on the large difference in the need for glutamine between nontransformed and transformed cells. This protocol would stop the cumulative growth and survival of the transformed cells without reducing the growth rate of the nontransformed cells. The results call for studies of glutamine deprivation as a treatment for experimental cancer in rodents and clinical trials in humans.
Evaluation of different adsorbent materials for the untargeted and targeted bacterial VOC analysis using GC×GC-MS

Abstract The analysis of bacterial volatile organic compounds has gained attraction as a non-invasive way to identify disease-causing organisms, given that bacteria have unique metabolisms and volatile metabolic byproducts. In the present research, different adsorbent materials (Carbopack Y, X, B, Carboxen 1000 and Tenax TA), packed singularly or in combination, were compared in terms of sampling performance (sensitivity, repeatability and selectivity) for the extraction of standards and bacterial volatile metabolites in vitro (from Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli). After extraction, bacterial volatile organic compounds were desorbed and analyzed in a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography system coupled to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC × GC-ToF MS). The results show that Tenax has the greater ability to extract the standard mix as well as volatile organic compounds with better repeatability (4–26 RSD%), higher sensitivity (on average ∼24 fold) compared to Carbopack Y, X and Carboxen 1000 tube, which followed in terms of performance. In addition, Tenax confirmed the best sensitivity and discriminatory power with no misclassification in the untargeted and unsupervised analysis for the differentiation of the bacterial species.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain LVM 105, a Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiont of Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene.

Partridge pea, a native North American prairie and savannah annual legume, forms nodules in association with relatively uncharacterized Bradyrhizobium species. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. LVM 105, a soil bacterium that forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Partridge pea. The genome size was 8,386,928 bp with a GC content of 63.8%. The draft assembly contained 177 scaffolds with an N50 of 415,026 bp.
Controlled Asynchronous GVT: Accelerating Parallel Discrete Event Simulation on Many-Core Clusters

In this paper, we investigate the performance of Parallel Discrete Event Simulation (PDES) on a cluster of many-core Intel KNL processors. Specifically, we analyze the impact of different Global Virtual Time (GVT) algorithms in this environment and contribute three significant results. First, we show that it is essential to isolate the thread performing MPI communications from the task of processing simulation events, otherwise the simulation is significantly imbalanced and performs poorly. This applies to both synchronous and asynchronous GVT algorithms. Second, we demonstrate that synchronous GVT algorithm based on barrier synchronization is a better choice for communication-dominated models, while asynchronous GVT based on Mattern's algorithm performs better for computation-dominated scenarios. Third, we propose Controlled Asynchronous GVT (CA-GVT) algorithm that selectively adds synchronization to Mattern-style GVT based on simulation conditions. We demonstrate that CA-GVT outperforms both barrier and Mattern's GVT and achieves about 8% performance improvement on mixed computation-communication models. This is a reasonable improvement for a simple modification to a GVT algorithm.
Story-Building with Computers: Effects on Reading Comprehension, Vocabulary, Attitude and Writing

The study investigated effects of writing-related software on reading comprehension, vocabulary, attitude, and writing. The researcher used the Non-equivalent Control Group Design with sixth grade students in two rural schools.
Exploring Kenyan Women University Students’ Everyday Interaction with Information

A social constructionist methodology was used to explore how Kenyan women university students interact with information in everyday life. Focus was on how participants interpret experiences within the historical, cultural, and material spaces they inhabit. Methods used were linguistics pragmatics, phenomenology, and hermeneutics. Conceptual implications for information literacy are discussed. Une methodologie sociale constructioniste est utilisee pour explorer comment les etudiantes universitaires kenyanes interagissent avec l’information au quotidien. Nous avons insiste sur les facons dont les participantes interpretent leurs experiences dans les espaces historiques, culturels et materiels ou elles habitent. Les methodologies utilisees comprennent la pragmatique linguistique, la phenomenologie et l’hermeneutique. Nous discutons finalement de leurs implications sur la maitrise de l’information.
Addressing cheating when using test bank questions in online Classes

Abstract Academic dishonesty in online classes is widespread, and instructors’ attempts to minimize its effects have had mixed results. We validate one approach to reducing the benefits from cheating on online exams: the use of paraphrasing. In three online undergraduate auditing courses, we challenged students with a verbatim test bank question and a paraphrased question for each topic tested. The students performed better on the verbatim questions compared to the paraphrased questions (80.4% vs. 69.1%), even after we controlled for use of an honor code statement and online exam proctoring technology. Our results are consistent with the notion that, when faced with a paraphrased test bank question, students cannot easily find the answer on the Internet because the question does not exist in a verbatim form online. Our study is important for educational institutions and professors seeking to combat academic dishonesty and for instructors wishing to avoid the pitfalls of using test banks.
Ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone precipitate formation in the ear canal of a paediatric patient

This case report describes a paediatric patient diagnosed with otitis externa and treated with topical ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone. The patient completed the course of therapy and then developed precipitate formation from the pharmacological treatment. Laboratory testing of the precipitate confirmed the presence of a large quantity of ciprofloxacin. Removal of the precipitate required the use of an elephant ear washer system and removal with surgical tweezers. This case report investigated a probable topical ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone-induced ear precipitate formation in the ear canal, which, subsequently, was successfully removed from the patient's ear canal.
Ab initio Simulation of 1D Pattern Formation of Adsorbates on the Ge(100)-2 × 1 Surface

It is known that methanol and ethylene form distinct one-dimensional patterns along the dimer row on the Ge(100)-2 × 1 surface. A unified explanation for the pattern formation is attempted in this study through theoretical methods. Kinetic parameters of the precursor-mediated adsorption of the two molecules are calculated using density functional theory methods. The potential energy surface along the reaction channel was found to vary according to nearest-neighbor occupation. Monte Carlo simulations were performed with calculated kinetic coefficients and assumptions of a one-dimensional lattice with nearest neighbor interactions. The simulation results effectively reproduce the coverage-dependent evolution of longer-range adsorption patterns.
Within-subject weight variability in bulimia nervosa: Correlates and consequences.

OBJECTIVE The oscillations between binge eating, purging, and dieting in bulimia nervosa (BN) may produce substantial within-subject weight variability. Although weight variability has been predictive of eating- and weight-related variables in community samples, it has not been empirically examined in eating disorders. The current study examined cross-sectional and prospective associations between weight variability and BN pathology. METHOD Four weights were collected over an average of 42.02 days, and weight variability was calculated as the root mean square error around each individual's weight trajectory regression line. Linear regressions were performed to examine the association between weight variability and eating disorder psychopathology, cross-sectionally at baseline and prospectively at 6-month follow-up, adjusting for baseline BMI. RESULTS Weight variability was cross-sectionally associated with eating pathology, but these relationships became non-significant after adjusting for BMI. However, at 6-month follow-up, greater baseline weight variability predicted increases in body dissatisfaction, shape and weight concerns, and global eating pathology, even after adjusting for baseline BMI. DISCUSSION These findings demonstrate, for the first time, that within-subject weight variability predicts greater eating disorder pathology over time in BN. The results add to evidence that weight history variables contribute to BN psychopathology above and beyond well-documented psychological dysfunction in BN.
Stressors and Social Resources at Work: Examining the Buffering Effects of LMX, POS, and Their Interaction on Employee Attitudes

Numerous advancements have been made regarding how aspects of job roles and organizational environments affect work attitudes. However, less attention has been devoted to factors that might buffer attitudes against the adverse effects of job and organizational stressors. Grounded in the Buffering Hypothesis, we tested focus-matched hypotheses that considered the moderating roles of two workplace social resources—leader–member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS)—in the relations between job and organizational stressors and job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Using multi-wave data from a sample of financial services employees (n = 1921), we found that independently, LMX did not buffer against the negative effects of job stressors (i.e., role ambiguity and role conflict) on employee attitudes, nor did POS buffer against the effects of organizational stressors (i.e., low communication and ethical climates). Rather, only in conjunction did high LMX and POS jointly reduce the negative effects of job stressors on organizational commitment. When examining the three-way interactions among job stressors, LMX, and POS, POS was significantly more influential in buffering organizational commitment than was LMX, although there were interesting nuances to these effects. In particular, role ambiguity affected commitment most negatively when either LMX or POS (but not both) was lacking, whereas role conflict did not appreciably impair commitment when POS was high, even if LMX was low. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our result patterns.
Phase I Trial Using Thymosin Fraction 5 in Renal Cancer

A number of laboratories have now isolated and purified thymic hormone-like factors from animal tissues and blood. These thymic hormones may have the potential to mature precursor lymphocytes to adult functioning cells. This effect could be advantageous for cancer patients to reverse the immunosuppressive effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and of the tumor itself (W. Wara et al., 1975).
Childhood adversity and behavioral health outcomes for youth: an investigation using state administrative data

This study aimed to measure the relative contribution of adverse experiences to adolescent behavioral health problems using administrative data. Specifically, we sought to understand the predictive value of adverse experiences on the presence of mental health and substance abuse problems for youth receiving publicly funded social and health services. Medicaid claims and other service records were analyzed for 125,123 youth age 12-17 and their biological parents. Measures from administrative records reflected presence of parental domestic violence, mental illness, substance abuse, criminal justice involvement, child abuse and/or neglect, homelessness, and death of a biological parent. Mental health and substance abuse status of adolescents were analyzed as functions of adverse experiences and other youth characteristics using logistic regression. In multivariate analyses, all predictors except parental domestic violence were statistically significant for substance abuse; parental death, parental mental illness, child abuse or neglect and homelessness were statistically significant for mental illness. Odds ratios for child abuse/neglect were particularly high in both models. The ability to identify risks during childhood using administrative data suggests the potential to target prevention and early intervention efforts for children with specific family risk factors who are at increased risk for developing behavioral health problems during adolescence. This study illustrates the utility of administrative data in understanding adverse experiences on children and the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.
SU-E-T-508: Internal Organ Motion Effect On Radiation Dose to a Point Under Half-Beam Block Match Line

Purpose Half-beam block is a field matching technique frequently used in radiotherapy. With no setup error, a well calibrated linac, and no internal organ motion, two photon fields can be matched seamlessly dosimetry-wise with their central axes passing the match line. However, in actual clinical situations, internal organ motion is often inevitable. This study was conducted to investigate its influence on radiation dose to patient internal points directly under the matching line. Methods A clinical setting is modeled as two half-space (x ) and variance (σ) of the point dose given the uncertainty. Results Analytical solutions are obtained for and s of dose received by a point directly under the match line. is proportional to the total beam-on time (T1), and σ demonstrates previously unknown periodic behavior. /<Dσ has local maximums (minimums) when T1 is 2n*T0 ((2n+1)*T0) (n is an integer) with an upper envelope scales as 1/T1. Worst case scenario the point dose can be zero or double of the expected value. Conclusion We have analytically analyzed the internal organ motion effect on radiation dose received by a patient internal point directly under a half-beam block match line. Our results help us to better understand this phenomenon and facilitate the reduction of point dosimetric uncertainties in our clinical practice.
Predictors of Online Health Information Seeking Among Women with Breast Cancer: The Role of Social Support Perception and Emotional Well-Being

This study attempts to examine the role of social support perception and emotional well-being on online information seeking among cancer patients within the context of CHESS, a well-established Interactive Cancer Communication System ICCS. Factor and regression analyses conducted among 231 breast cancer patients revealed that social support perception and emotional well-being interacted with each other to influence online health information seeking. Patients with low social support perception and high emotional well-being were most likely to seek health information, whereas patients with high social support perception and high emotional well-being sought out the same information least. Practical implications of the study findings are further discussed.
Peirce's ‘Schelling-Fashioned Idealism’ and ‘the Monstrous Mysticism of the East’

Peirce remarks on several occasions in the 1790s on affinities between his evolutionary metaphysics and Schelling's Idealism, behind which, he avers, lies ‘the monstrous mysticism of the East’. What are these affinities? Why are they affinities with Schelling rather than with Hegel? And what is the mysticism in question? I argue that Schelling, like Peirce but unlike Hegel, is committed to evolution, not only across species boundaries, but also across the boundary between the inorganic and the organic. Moreover, Schelling, like Peirce but unlike Hegel, embeds this account of evolution in an account of the evolution of God through love. The monstrous mysticism of the East, I argue, is Lurianic kabbalah, to which Schelling is demonstrably indebted, and which is committed to an evolutionary theism on which is based, if not an account of natural evolution, an account of reincarnation as a mechanism by which life-forms progress from inorganic to organic bodies as they develop their consciousness. Publicized by...
Assessing overweight and obesity risk among Korean Americans in California using World Health Organization body mass index criteria for Asians.

Introduction Although it is known that at comparable body mass index (BMI) levels Asian Americans have a higher prevalence of high blood pressure, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes than whites, little is known about the social, behavioral, and cultural factors associated with obesity risk in this population.
Pt/MCM-41 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with hydrocarbons in the presence of excess oxygen

First results are reported on the use of MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieve as the support for Pt for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by hydrocarbons in the presence of O2. MCM-41 provided the highest specific NO reduction rates for Pt as compared with all other supports reported in the literature, i.e., Al2O3, SiO2 and ZSM-5.
A Modular, Extensible Proof Method for Small-Step Flow Analyses

We introduce a new proof technique for showing the correctness of 0CFA-like analyses with respect to small-step semantics. We illustrate the technique by proving the correctness of 0CFA for the pure ?-calculus under arbitrary s-reduction. This result was claimed by Pals-berg in 1995; unfortunately, his proof was flawed. We provide a correct proof of this result, using a simpler and more general proof method. We illustrate the extensibility of the new method by showing the correctness of an analysis for the Abadi-Cardelli object calculus under small-step semantics.
Incremental Algorithms for Constraint Solving and Entailment over Rational Trees

Equations and disequations over rational trees arise naturally in the context of constraint logic programming [6,10]. In this paper, we reconsider (after Colmerauer [4,7] and Jaffar [9]) the problem of solving these constraints incrementally (semi-dynamically) and consider the problem of determining entailment of these constraints with respect to a monotonically increasing constraint store of equations and disequations. The main contributions of the paper are new algorithms for disequation solving and disequality entailment. The algorithms exploit systematically three simple ideas: global caching, lazy evaluation and detection of implicit equalities. The disequation algorithm is a direct algorithm (contrary to Colmerauer's algorithm which uses unification as a subroutine). Its on-line version, which is almost-quadratic, is shown to be superior to Colmerauer's algorithm, which is almost-cubic, although Colmerauer's algorithm is superior off-line. Incremental disequality entailment is much more subtle, and to our knowledge was not considered before. We present a direct algorithm whose off-line version is almost-quadratic, and on-line version is almost-cubic. Its key idea is to reduce disequality entailment to a Boolean combination of equality entailments. Both versions improve upon a naive indirect algorithm by an order of magnitude asymptotically.
Characterization of Near-Field Spray of Nongelled- and Gelled-Impinging Doublets at High Pressure

Atomization mechanism of gelled propellants in an impinging jet flowfield is significantly different from that of nongelled liquid propellants and is not clearly understood. This study explores the effect of liquid fluid properties such as viscosity and surface tension on the liquid sheet breakup with a special emphasis on the effect of ambient pressure. A rheologically matched non-Newtonian fluid that is nonreactive and nontoxic is used as a simulant for the gelled hypergolic propellants. Near-field spray characteristics such as the sheet formation and breakup length of the liquid sheet are experimentally determined using shadowgraph. Various sheet breakup regimes have been identified for both nongelled and gelled simulants over a range of flow conditions. For all fluids, the breakup length is found to decrease as the ambient pressure increases. Near-field imaging and its analysis show that the ambient pressure affects jet surface dynamics before impingement by increasing the jet surface disturbance leng...
Toward Complex and Inclusive Studies of Sex Scripts, College Students' Sexual Behaviors, and Hookup Cultures on U.S. Campuses

Much attention has been devoted in recent years to students “hooking up” on college and university campuses across the United States. Hookups broadly entail sexual behaviors that range from anal and vaginal intercourse to oral sex, masturbation, and other physically pleasurable activities. In this article, we synthesize the literature on college hookup cultures. Specifically, we use sexual scripting theory to analyze and critique existing peer-reviewed studies. Ultimately, we present five themes pertaining to the study of hookup phenomena at U.S. colleges and universities. This article concludes with several recommendations for making future hookup studies more inclusive of undergraduates from a range of racial/ethnic groups, sexual orientations, socioeconomic and religious backgrounds, and postsecondary institutional contexts, something previous scholars have largely neglected to do in their research.
Decertifying Players' Unions: Lessons from the NFL and NBA Lockouts of 2011

This paper analyzes the National Football League (“NFL”) and National Basketball Association (“NBA”) lockouts of 2011, focusing in particular on the role union dissolution played in each work stoppage. Although the existing academic literature had generally concluded that players unions in the four major U.S. professional sports leagues were unlikely to disband during a labor dispute, the unions in both the NFL and NBA elected to dissolve in response to lockouts by ownership. This paper provides an explanation for why the prior literature misjudged the role that union dissolution would play during the 2011 work stoppages, arguing that previous commentators failed to recognize that the frequently cited disadvantages of dissolving a union actually provide minimal disincentive to players during a lockout. The paper concludes by predicting that players will likely continue to dissolve their unions during future lockouts in order to gain negotiating leverage over ownership through the assertion of antitrust claims.
An Investigation of the Development of Cumulonimbus Systems over South Florida. Part II: In-Cloud Structure

Abstract The in-cloud structure of radar reflectivity and vertical velocity from Doppler radar measurements are described for two cumulonimbus systems that developed over the FACE-1975 surface mesonetwork area on a case study day, 25 August 1975. Results imply a strong interrelationship between updraft velocity and water loading in convective storm development and show the importance of boundary layer forcing in the development of convective clouds in the Florida environment. Analysis of the temporal evolution of cloud mass at 600-m intervals in the vertical shows that below 3 km the two cumulonimbus systems appeared to evolve to about the same size, with significant differences occurring above that level. The increase cloud mass at some levels above 3 km in the second convective system (System II) were more than twice as large as the increase in cloud mass for the first convective system (System I). The difference in the vertical structure of cloud mass in these systems appears to be caused by the differ...