cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lysosome function in the regulation of the secretory process in cells of the anterior pituitary gland.

The nature and content of lytic bodies and the localization of acid phosphatase (AcPase) activity were investigated in mammotrophic hormone-producing cells (MT) from rat anterior pituitary glands. MT were examined from lactating rats in which secretion of MTH(1) was high and from postlactating rats in which MTH secretion was suppressed by removing the suckling young. MT from lactating animals contained abundant stacks of rough-surfaced ER, a large Golgi complex with many forming secretory granules, and a few lytic bodies, primarily multivesicular bodies and dense bodies. MT from postlactating animals, sacrificed at selected intervals up to 96 hr after separation from their suckling young, showed (a) progressive involution of the protein synthetic apparatus with sequestration of ER and ribosomes in autophagic vacuoles, and (b) incorporation of secretory granules into multivesicular and dense bodies. The content of mature granules typically was incorporated into dense bodies whereas that of immature granules found its way preferentially into multivesicular bodies. The secretory granules and cytoplasmic constituents segregated within lytic bodies were progressively degraded over a period of 24 to 72 hr to yield a common residual body, the vacuolated dense body. In MT from lactating animals, AcPase reaction product was found in lytic bodies, and in several other sites not usually considered to be lysosomal in nature, i.e., inner Golgi cisterna and associated vesicles, and around most of the immature, and some of the mature secretory granules. In MT from postlactating animals, AcPase was concentrated in lytic bodies; reaction product and incorporated secretory granules were frequently recognizable within the same multivesicular or dense body which could therefore be identified as "autolysosomes" connected with the digestion of endogenous materials. Several possible explanations for the occurrence of AcPase in nonlysosomal sites are discussed. From the findings it is concluded that, in secretory cells, lysosomes function in the regulation of the secretory process by providing a mechanism which takes care of overproduction of secretory products.
Muscle transfer for laryngeal paralysis. Restoration of inspiratory vocal cord abduction by phrenic-omohyoid transfer.

• Omohyoid muscle transfer to the denervated posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA) was performed in three monkeys. The transposed omohyoid muscle was reinnervated by the phrenic nerve by performing nerve anastomosis prior to muscle transfer. The muscles were sutured over the denervated ipsilateral PCA muscle to allow for neurotization of the denervated PCA muscle in such a way as to reproduce the directional vector of PCA contraction, eg, to mimic the directional pull of the PCA muscle. The muscle flaps were found to be long enough to reach the contralateral PCA muscle, confirming that the technique might be used ultimately for bilateral simultaneous PCA reinnervation. Each animal achieved reinnervation. The superiorly based omohyoid muscle flap was found to more closely emulate the size and orientation of the underlying PCA muscle. Electromyography, videolaryngoscopy, and histologic examination were used to confirm the results. The procedure has the potential for PCA muscle replacement in long-standing cases of paralysis with PCA denervation atrophy as well as for reinnervating a denervated PCA muscle. ( Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 1991;117:1113-1117)
Association of high body mass index in children with early post-tonsillectomy pain

Abstract Background The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there is an association between high body mass index (BMI) in children and the occurrence of early post-tonsillectomy pain (PTP). The hypothesis tested was that high BMI is associated with increased severity of early PTP. Methods We extracted data on all children aged 3–17 years that underwent adeno-tonsillectomy (T&A) over a 2-year period from our anesthesia clinical information system. Patients were classified into normal or high BMI group and early PTP scores were compared between the groups. Clinically significant (moderate–severe) early PTP was defined as pain score ≥4 within the first 15 min of admission to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Results Among 462 patients, 35.1% were overweight or obese. The overall incidence of moderate to severe early PTP was 23.6%. All the patients received at least one or more intraoperative opioid (morphine 94.2% and fentanyl 21.9%). Compared to those in the normal BMI group, children with moderate–severe PTP were older, female and more likely to be overweight or obese. Children with high BMI had significantly higher unadjusted odds of having moderate–severe early post-tonsillectomy pain (48.9% vs. 14.1%, OR = 7.01, 95% CI = 3.9–12.8, p Conclusion These results indicate that high BMI in children is associated with increased early PTP. The mechanism(s) underlying this association deserve further elucidation.
Selenium isotope analysis of organic-rich shales: advances in sample preparation and isobaric interference correction

Selenium has a complex biogeochemical cycle with many similarities to that of sulfur. Fractionations of selenium isotopes induced in bacterial respiration reactions have been recognized as potential recorders of environmental oxidation states, opening up the possibility of further constraining bioproductivity and the redox evolution of the Earth's atmosphere and ocean over time. However, analyses of selenium isotopes are complicated by interferences with organic compounds as well as a number of isobaric interferences. Application of existing sample preparation protocols to geological samples replete with organic carbon can result in incomplete extraction yields and incomplete removal of isobarically interfering germanium and arsenic. We present measurements of three different organic-rich shales of varying ages prepared with eight different sample preparation protocols and identify a method with which high selenium yields are obtained for all three samples while the concentration of germanium is greatly reduced. We further investigate the quantitative importance of isobaric interferences and present new post-analytical data correction protocols. If selenium concentrations in standards and samples are matched to within 5%, the ratios of five isotopes of selenium (74Se, 76Se, 77Se, 78Se and 82Se) can be measured with precisions better than 0.2‰ for δ76/78Se, δ77/78Se and δ82/78Se and 0.5‰ for δ74/78Se, allowing analytical accuracy to be monitored with three-isotope diagrams and thus enabling the detection of any mass-independent isotopic fractionation.
Macrophage Deletion of p38α Partially Impairs Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cellular Activation

The activation of p38alpha, a MAPK family member, is associated with macrophage activation by microbial pattern molecules, such as LPS. The requirement of p38alpha in inflammatory responses has been shown in a number of studies using chemical inhibitors, though the inhibitors also inhibit p38beta and perhaps some other enzymes. In this study, we used conditional knockout of p38alpha in macrophages to address the role of p38alpha in macrophage activation. We found that p38alpha deficiency causes a significant inhibition in the production of LPS-induced TNF-alpha, IL-12, and IL-18, but it has little or no effect on IL-6 or IFN-beta production. Knockout of p38alpha in macrophages did not affect LPS-induced activation of the other major signaling pathways (NF-kappaB, Jnk, and Erk), nor did it affect the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB. It had little inhibitory effect on LPS-induced AP-1 activity, but it significantly inhibited LPS-induced C/EBP-beta and CREB activation, indicating that the role of p38alpha in cytokine production in macrophages is at least in part through its regulation of C/EBP-beta and CREB activation. In addition, we also confirmed that p38alpha is important for phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages. Our in vivo studies with two murine models showed that p38alpha is involved in sepsis. Collectively, our data demonstrate that p38alpha is an important player in inflammatory responses.
The assimilation ofelements ingested by marine planktonic bivalve larvae

The assimilation efficiencies of nine elements were measured in planktonic bivalve mollusc larvae (oysters, Crassostrea virginica, and hard clams, Mercenaria mercenaria) fed uniformly radiolabeled phytoplankton cells (Zsochrysis galbana) in order to test whether the “liquid” digestion strategy observed in marine copepods operates in other planktonic hcrbivorcs with gut morphologies different from that of crustacean zooplankton. Of the elcmcnts studied (Ag, Am, C, Cd, Co, P, S, Se, and Zn), americium was assimilated the least by both the larval oysters (7.9%) and clams (2.6Oh), while selenium was assimilated with the highest efficiency by the larvae (oysters, 97%; clams, 1 OOO/o). Assimilation efficiencies were directly related to the fraction of each clement present in the cytoplasm of the ingested algae. Like copepods, bivalve larvae have short gut passage times and assimilate only the easily mobilized, cytoplasmic fraction of ingested phytoplankton cells. The cytoplasmic fraction of some elements (Se, Zn, and Cd) and ofprotein in
From Federalism to Binationalism: Hannah Arendt's Shifting Zionism

The German-Jewish intellectual Hannah Arendt (1906–1975) had famously opposed the establishment of a Jewish nation state in Palestine. During the Second World War, however, Arendt also spoke out repeatedly against the establishment of a binational Arab-Jewish state. Rejecting both alternatives, Arendt advocated for the inclusion of Palestine in a multi-ethnic federation that would not consist only of Jews and Arabs. Only in 1948, in an effort to forestall partition, did Arendt revise her earlier critique and endorse a binational solution for Palestine. This article offers a new reading of the evolution of Arendt's thought on Zionism and argues that her support for federalism must be understood as part of a broader wartime debate over federalism as a solution to a variety of post-war nationality problems in Europe, the Middle East and the British Empire. By highlighting the link between debates on wartime federalism and the future of Palestine, this article also underscores the importance of examining the legacy of federalism in twentieth century Europe for a more complete understanding of the history of Zionism.
Introducing secure provenance: problems and challenges

Data provenance summarizes the history of the ownership of the item, as well as the actions performed on it. While widely used in archives, art, and archeology, provenance is also very important in forensics, scientific computing, and legal proceedings involving data. Significant research has been conducted in this area, yet the security and privacy issues of provenance have not been explored. In this position paper, we define the secure provenance problem and argue that it is of vital importance in numerous applications. We then discuss a select few of the issues related to ensuring the privacy and integrity of provenance information.
Development and incorporation of an interprofessional experience into a geriatric pharmacy elective: the first-year experience

Abstract The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education has declared that pharmacy students should be prepared to provide patient care as a member of an interprofessional team of practitioners. Nowhere is the importance of this team approach more evident than when considering geriatric patients who often use a substantial number of medications to treat what is frequently a complex group of chronic and acute conditions. To introduce an interprofessional approach to the treatment of geriatric patients, pharmacy faculty at the Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Professions developed an elective course in geriatrics that exposed the students to a patient care experience with occupational and physical therapy student partners. The challenges associated with the development of the interprofessional component of the course and the use of the experience as expressed by the students who enrolled are discussed.
UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure

In this article I evaluated the psychometric properties of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3). Using data from prior studies of college students, nurses, teachers, and the elderly, analyses of the reliability, validity, and factor structure of this new version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale were conducted. Results indicated that the measure was highly reliable, both in terms of internal consistency (coefficient alpha ranging from .89 to .94) and test-retest reliability over a 1-year period (r = .73). Convergent validity for the scale was indicated by significant correlations with other measures of loneliness. Construct validity was supported by significant relations with measures of the adequacy of the individual's interpersonal relationships, and by correlations between loneliness and measures of health and well-being. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a model incorporating a global bipolar loneliness factor along with two method factors reflecting direction of item wording provided a very goo...
On-chip blumlein pulse generator

A CMOS Blumlein generator including a two-stacked-metal–oxide semiconductor field effect transistor high-voltage switch, a Blumlein pulse-forming-line (PFL) network and an on-chip Klophenstein taper is presented. The Klophenstein taper is used to convert the high-impedance load to 50 Ω. The Blumlein pulse generator is fabricated in a 0.13 µm CMOS process. Gaussian-like pulses of 725 mV peak-to-peak amplitude, ∼126 ps duration and 3.18 GHz bandwidth are measured on a 50 Ω load (including the losses of the probes, cables and pads). After de-embedding the connection system and Klophenstein taper, the pulses of 1.88 V and 114 ps duration are obtained, which are higher than the rated operating power supply of the given process.
The effects of ketamine on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats

Abstract Objectives To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane during the infusion of ketamine. Study design Prospective, experimental trial. Animals Twelve adult spayed female cats weighing 5.1 ± 0.9 kg Methods Six cats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen, intubated and attached to a circle-breathing system with mechanical ventilation. Catheters were placed in a peripheral vein for the infusion of fluids and ketamine, and the jugular vein for blood sampling for the measurement of ketamine concentrations. An arterial catheter was placed to allow blood pressure measurement and sampling for the measurement of PaCO 2, PaO 2 and pH. PaCO 2 was maintained between 29 and 41 mmHg (3.9–5.5 kPa) and body temperature was kept between 37.8 and 39.3 °C. Following instrumentation, the MAC of isoflurane was determined in triplicate using a tail clamp method. A loading dose (2 mg kg −1 over 5 minutes) and an infusion (23 μ g kg −1 minute −1 ) of ketamine was started and MAC was redetermined starting 30 minutes later. Two further loading doses and infusions were used, 2 mg kg −1 and 6 mg kg −1 with 46 and 115 μ g kg −1 minute −1 , respectively and MAC was redetermined. Cardiopulmonary measurements were taken before application of the noxious stimulus. The second group of six cats was used for the measurement of steady state plasma ketamine concentrations at each of the three infusion rates used in the initial study and the appropriate MAC value determined from the first study. Results The MAC decreased by 45 ± 17%, 63 ± 18%, and 75 ± 17% at the infusion rates of 23, 46, and 115 μ g kg −1 minute −1 . These infusion rates corresponded to ketamine plasma concentrations of 1.75 ± 0.21, 2.69 ± 0.40, and 5.36 ± 1.19 μ g mL −1 . Arterial blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly with ketamine. Recovery was protracted. Conclusions and Clinical relevance The MAC of isoflurane was significantly decreased by an infusion of ketamine and this was accompanied by an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Because of the prolonged recovery in our cats, further work needs to be performed before using this in patients.
“Keeping the Natives Under Control”: Race Segregation and the Domestic Dimensions of Empire, 1920–1939

Scholars examining ethnic and racial barriers in twentieth-century societies have argued that they function to reinforce workplace inequalities, perpetuating a substratum of superexploited and disenfranchised workers for the benefit of capital. Debate continues as to whether the state, deliberately or inadvertently, willingly or unwillingly, has helped to reinforce these barriers. Locating the history of British state support for race segregation within this debate is an effort to move discussion away from the prevalent and unfocused emphasis on popular racism or “intolerance” to examine the material underpinnings of racial conflict.
Prevention of Unintentional Weight Loss in Nursing Home Residents: A Controlled Trial of Feeding Assistance

Objectives To determine the effects of a feeding assistance intervention on food and fluid intake and body weight.
Pros and cons of using α-2 agonists in small animal anesthesia practice

The α-2 agonists have been used in veterinary practice for over 30 years following the introduction of xylazine (ROMPUN, Bayer Corp., Shawnee Mission, KS) in 1962. The decision to use α-2 agonists in anesthesia practice should be based on factors including patient disposition, presenting complaint, type of procedure, and the veterinarian's familiarity with the drug. Controversy surrounds the issue of using anticholinergic agents concurrent with the α-2 agonists. Patient selection and procedure type can aid in determining when use of an anticholinergic with the α-2 agonist is advantageous. Antagonism of α-2 agonists can be readily accomplished. Commonly, α-2 agonists are used in combination with other agents to provide neuroleptanalgesia or sedation prior to general anesthesia.
Demonstration of an optical chip-to-chip link in a 3D integrated electronic-photonic platform

A full optical chip-to-chip link is demonstrated for the first time in a wafer-scale heterogeneous platform, where the photonics and CMOS chips are 3D integrated using wafer bonding and low-parasitic capacitance thru-oxide vias (TOVs). This development platform yields 1000s of functional photonic components as well as 16M transistors per chip module. The transmitter operates at 6Gb/s with an energy cost of 100fJ/bit and the receiver at 7Gb/s with a sensitivity of 26μA (-14.5dBm) and 340fJ/bit energy consumption. A full 5Gb/s chip-to-chip link, with the on-chip calibration and self-test, is demonstrated over a 100m single mode optical fiber with 560fJ/bit of electrical and 4.2pJ/bit of optical energy. Keywords—optics; link; heterogeneous; 3D integration; transceivers;
Acute Kidney Injury After Craniotomy Is Associated With Increased Mortality: A Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious postoperative complication. OBJECTIVE To determine whether AKI in patients after craniotomy is associated with heightened 30-day mortality. METHODS We performed a 2-center, retrospective cohort study of 1656 craniotomy patients who received critical care between 1998 and 2011. The exposure of interest was AKI defined as meeting RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of Kidney Function, and End-stage Kidney Disease) class risk, injury, and failure criteria, and the primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated by multivariable logistic regression models with inclusion of covariate terms thought to plausibly interact with both AKI and mortality. Additionally, mortality in craniotomy patients with AKI was analyzed with a risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model and propensity score matching as a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS The incidences of RIFLE class risk, injury, and failure were 5.7%, 2.9%, and 1.3%, respectively. The odds of 30-day mortality in patients with RIFLE class risk, injury, or failure fully adjusted were 2.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76-4.42), 7.65 (95% CI, 4.16-14.07), and 14.41 (95% CI, 5.51-37.64), respectively. Patients with AKI experienced a significantly higher risk of death during follow-up; hazard ratio, 1.82 (95% CI, 1.34-2.46), 3.37 (95% CI, 2.36-4.81), and 5.06 (95% CI, 2.99-8.58), respectively, fully adjusted. In a cohort of propensity score-matched patients, RIFLE class remained a significant predictor of 30-day mortality. CONCLUSION Craniotomy patients who suffer postoperative AKI are among a high-risk group for mortality. The severity of AKI after craniotomy is predictive of 30-day mortality. ABBREVIATIONS AKI, acute kidney injuryAPACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IICI, confidence intervalCPT, Current Procedural TerminologyICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical ModificationRIFLE, risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage kidney diseaseRPDR, Research Patient Data Registry.
The ghost in the house: Women, race, and domesticity in South Africa

In South Africa, the house is a haunted place. Apartheid’s separate publics also required separate private lives and separate leisures in which to practice ways of living apartheid’s ideological partitions into reality. This essay analyzes the compulsive interest in black domesticity that has characterized South Africa since the colonial period and shows that domestic labor in white homes has historically shaped the entry of black women into public space in South Africa. In fact, so strong is the latter association that the Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles reveals that in South African English the word maid denotes both “black woman” and “servant.” This conflation has generated fraught relations of domesticity, race, and subjectivity in South Africa. Contemporary art about domestic labor by Zanele Muholi and Mary Sibande engages with this history. In their art, the house is a place of silences, ghosts, and secrets. Precursors to these recent works can be found in fiction, including Sindiwe Magona’s short stories about domestic workers in her collection Living, Loving and Lying Awake at Night (1994) and Zoe Wicomb’s novel Playing in the Light (2006), in which a woman passing for white allows her mother into her house only under the pretense that she is a family servant. Muholi and Sibande have engaged the legacy of black women in white households by revisiting the ghosts of the house through performance, sculpture, and photography. Both were inspired by the intimate reality of their mothers’ experiences as domestic servants, and in both cases the artist’s body is central to the pieces, through installations based on body casts, performance, embodied memories, and the themes of haunted absences, abandonment, and longing.
CFL Number Insensitive CESE Schemes For the Two-Dimensional Euler Equations

The CESE method is a new numerical method for nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws. The method is explicit, and the stability bound is CFL number <1.0. The method can provide time accurate solution of unsteady flows with complex shock structure. However, the CESE method may become overly dissipative for small CFL numbers. Recently, Chang [9] proposed new CFL insensitive CESE schemes for the Euler equations in one spatial dimension. The new scheme could crisply resolve shock and contact discontinuity for CFL numbers less than 0.001. In the present paper, we extend Chang’s new schemes for the Euler equations in two spatial dimensions. Numerical results of reflected oblique shocks show that the new CESE schemes can resolve shocks crisply for a wide range of CFL numbers.
Influence of velocity and direction of surface-parallel cutaneous stimuli on responses of mechanoreceptors in feline hairy skin.

1. The responses of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in feline hairy skin were examined in vivo with systematic variations in the velocity and direction of stimulus motion across the receptive fields (RF). The mechanoreceptor classes studied were guard hair afferents, field afferents, down hair afferents, and slowly adapting type I (SAI) mechanoreceptors. A camel's hair brush, moved by a high-precision motor, provided surface-parallel stimulation at velocities ranging from 0.4 to 100 cm/s. The stimulating device and protocols were similar to those previously used to evaluate human perception, thus allowing direct comparison of the two sets of data. 2. Each mechanoreceptor produced highly reliable mean firing rates with repeated stimulation. All mechanoreceptors showed a growth in evoked activity with increased stimulus velocity. With few exceptions, the relationship between brush velocity and mean firing rate was well described by a power function throughout the range of velocities tested. The exponents of thes...
Should donation after cardiac death liver grafts be used for retransplantation

Abstract Introduction. Donation after cardiac death (DCD) donors provide an important source of livers that has been used to expand the donor pool. As a consequence of increased numbers of OLT, allograft failure due to early and late complications and disease recurrence are more commonly encountered. The only life saving treatment for patients with liver allograft failure is liver re-transplantation (LR). The use of DCD liver grafts for LR is controversial. Material and methods. Between February 1998 and June 2008, 10 patients underwent LR with DCD allografts. Five (50%) patients had no post operative complications. The 30 day, 1 year, and 3 year patient survival are 80, 60, and 60%, respectively. When DCD grafts are used for sick patients with high MELD scores for LR, the patient and graft survivals are prohibitively low. Conclusion. We do not recommend utilization of DCD liver grafts for LR if a candidate recipient has moderate to high MELD score.
The role of family and significant others in the engagement and retention of drug-dependent individuals.

Family factors have been part of the drug abuse lore at least since Fort's early (1954) paper commenting on the parents of heroin addicts. Subse-quently, the literature on family variables in the process and treatment of drug problems has shown steady and increasing accumulation; there were nearly 400 such publications between 1954 and 1978 (Stanton 1978), and that total would appear to have at least doubled by now (Heath and Atkinson 1988; Kaufman 1985; Mackenson and Cottone 1992; Sorenson 1989; Stanton 1988).
Bedsonia abortion of sheep. II. Pathology and pathogenesis with observations on the normal ovine placenta.

SUMMARY A layer of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive material that invests the maternal septa and forms a layer between the maternal and foetal parts of the intercotyledon-ary areas of the normal ovine placenta is described. It is inferred that this layer constitutes, in part at least, the ovine placental barrier. The epizootic bovine abortion (EBA) and enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE) agents when inoculated into pregnant ewes show a predilection for the chorionic epithelium. The primary site of localization appeared to be the chorionic epithelium lining the lacuna (haematoma) of the placentome. From these sites, the agent spreads radially in such a way that large areas of the chorionic epithelium are infected. Both cytotrophoblast and trophoblast giant cells were infected, although those trophoblast cells forming the syncytium covering the maternal septa appeared not to be infected. Infected chorionic epithelial cells were lysed and sloughed. The basement membrane upon which the chorionic epithelium rested was breached and the contents of the lacunae freely traversed the underlying mesenchyme (somatopleur and splanchnopleur). Inflammatory cells (polymorphonuclear neutrophils and monocytes) of foetal origin infiltrated the chorionic mesenchyme. Cells of the interplacentomal uterine epithelium were infected, although primary damage to this surface was minimal. The distribution of lesions in the foetus suggested that the agent entered the foetal circulation at the sites of placental damage and subsequently gained access to foetal tissue. Lesions of the foetus were observed most readily in the liver, lung and muscle, although other organs and tissues were affected also. Foetal lesions consisted of foci of reticuloendothelial hyperplasia together with some polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and some parenchymal necrosis. The concept that Bedsonia abortion of sheep may be in part a consequence of immunological rejection in the host (dam) versus graft (foetus and foetal membranes) sense, following damage to the chorionic epithelium and secondary disruption of the PAS positive layer is advanced. However, the complexity of abortion as a biological entity is not minimized and other factors, in addition to immunological rejection, that may be involved in Bedsonia abortion are discussed.
E2LP Remote Laboratory: e-Learning Service for Embedded Systems Education

Embedded Engineering Learning Platform (E2LP) FP7 project deals with Embedded Systems Education at University level, which requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving different technologies and system solution optimizations. The paper presents the results of Remote Laboratory (RL) services development for distance learning for Embedded Systems Education, developed under E2LP. The paper addresses advanced information technologies solutions in the integration stages along with novel hardware technologies involved. E2LP RL assembles hardware and the exercise materials provided by the project partners and it delivers secure and open access e-learning portal, which allows to create full course and provide alternative teaching methods through the real-time experiments. This paper could be also a guideline for future RL developers in embedded systems domain. We describe what components are needed to build remote laboratories for embedded systems and what could be a scope of remote operation for users.
College Students’ Psychological Needs and Intrinsic Motivation to Learn: An Examination of Self-Determination Theory

Over the last several decades, instructional communication scholars have studied and measured student motivation as an important learning outcome. Unfortunately, this research has lacked theoretical guidance and has treated student motivation as a construct that varies only in quantity, ignoring existing theory that suggests student motivation is best understood as a construct that differs in quality (i.e., intrinsic motivation). To create two new measures that incorporate theoretical explanations of student motivation, three studies (N = 1,067) were undertaken using self-determination theory (SDT) to operationalize students’ intrinsic motivation as a product of basic psychological need satisfaction. In the first two studies, the Student Psychological Needs Scale and the Intrinsic Motivation to Learn Scale were developed and validated. In the third study, parallel mediation analyses supported SDT’s prediction that the fulfillment of students’ psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness) w...
Technology Access and Use, and Their Associations With Social Engagement Among Older Adults: Do Women and Men Differ?

Objectives To examine how information and communication technology (ICT) access and use are conceptually incorporated in the Successful Aging 2.0 framework. Method Using data from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 6,476), we examined how ICT access and use for different purposes are associated with social engagement (i.e., informal and formal social participation) by gender. Weighted logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Findings revealed that men were more likely to access and use ICT than women. ICT access was positively associated with all types of women's social engagement, but only with men's informal social participation. Information technology (IT) use for health matters was positively associated with formal social participation for women and with informal social participation for men. IT use for personal tasks was negatively associated with formal social participation for older adults. Communication technology use was positively associated with formal and informal social participation for women and men. Discussion This study supports the expansion of the successful aging model by incorporating ICT access and use. Further, it assists in the identification of specific technologies that promote active engagement in later life for women and men.
Nutritional Correlates of Human Oral Microbiome

Background: Despite many potential effects of the oral microbiome on oral and systemic health, scant information is available regarding the associations between diet and the oral microbiome.Methods: Oral rinse DNA samples from 182 participants in a population-based case–control study for colorectal cancer were used to amplify a V3–V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The amplicons were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq paired end chemistry on 2 runs, yielding approximately 33 million filtered reads that were assigned to bacterial classes. Relative abundances of each class and family as well microbial diversity/richness indices were correlated with selected dietary intakes from a food frequency questionnaire.Results: Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and vitamin C intakes were consistently correlated with alpha (within-subjects) diversity indexes in both richness and diversity. SFA intake was positively correlated with relative abundance of betaproteobacteria and fusobacteria. Vitamin C and other vitamins with co...
Pipeline In-Line Inspection Enhancement Opportunities

Pipeline in-line inspections (ILI) are one of the primary methods used to assess the integrity of operating oil and gas pipelines. These inspections can be complicated to conduct due to a variety of reasons ranging from operational limits (high/low flow velocity, wall thickness, pipeline extreme depth or pressure, etc.) to limits inherent to the inspection technology. Often these complexities are overcome with tools customized to a specific pipeline. Although this has been effective for singular pipeline inspections, a more industry-wide approach should be considered to develop broader solutions. This paper discusses the opportunities to enhance ILI and suggests a ranking of priorities for technology development.Copyright © 2016 by ASME
Jews: The Ever Dying, Ever Renewing, People

Discussion of the Pew report is framed around the evolutionary nature of Jewish civilization and the fears that Jews have historically had of disappearing, harking back to the destruction of the first Temple in biblical times. The insularity of Orthodox Judaism is described as a double edged sword—both contributing to its strength, but also leading to possible disaffiliation.
Smoothed optimization for sparse off-grid directions-of-arrival estimation

This paper is concerned with the development of a computationally efficient optimization algorithm for off-grid direction finding using a sparse observation model. The optimization problem can be formulated as one smooth plus two nonsmooth functions. We propose two accelerated smoothing proximal gradient algorithms. The Nesterov smoothing methodology is utilized to reformulate nonsmooth functions into smooth ones, and the accelerated proximal gradient algorithm is adopted to solve the smoothed optimization problem. The computational efficiency and efficacy of the proposed algorithms are demonstrated numerically.
Automatic mission planning algorithms for aerial collection of imaging-specific tasks

The rapid advancement and availability of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) has led to many novel exploitation tasks utilizing that utilize this unique aerial imagery data. Collection of this unique data requires novel flight planning to accomplish the task at hand. This work describes novel flight planning to better support structure-from-motion missions to minimize occlusions, autonomous and periodic overflight of reflectance calibration panels to permit more efficient and accurate data collection under varying illumination conditions, and the collection of imagery data to study optical properties such as the bidirectional reflectance distribution function without disturbing the target in sensitive or remote areas of interest. These novel mission planning algorithms will provide scientists with additional tools to meet their future data collection needs.
Magnetic phase transitions in CoCl2-graphite intercalation compounds

Magnetic intercalation compounds of stage 1, 2, and 3 CoCl2 -GIC have been successfully prepared and characterized by x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of these samples show two superposed peaks. The difference in the magnetic field dependence of these two peaks indicates that at least two magnetic states are present. The higher temperature peak is identified with a Kosterlitz-Thouless type phase transition for finite size systems. Above the upper transition temperature (Tcu ), the magnetic system consists of unbound vortices and below Tcu the vortices are bound. For low stage samples (stage ≤ 2), the lower temperature peak is identified with a transition showing crossover from two dimensional to three dimensional behavior. Below the lower transition temperature (Tcl ), the system is in a phase showing long range magnetic order in which the spins are coupled ferromagnetically in-plane and antiferromagnetically inter-plane. The spin-flop field from the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state can be determined by measuring the magnetic field dependence of the susceptibility. For the higher stage sample (stage 3), the inter-plane coupling is very small and the system can be treated like a 2D-ferroma- gnet.
Physical Barriers as a Means to Reduce Grape Root Borer, Vitacea polistiformis (Harris), Infestations in Vineyards and in Greenhouse Muscadine Plants

Grape root borer, Vitacea polistiformis (Harris), larval populations were apparently reduced in an old abandoned muscadine vineyard when physical barriers (ground cloth) and other methods were used...
Voluntary Pollution Control under Threat of Regulation

This paper reviews the literature relating to the use of regulatory threats to induce voluntary pollution abatement. Some scholars have argued that voluntary approaches are most likely to be effective when accompanied by a strong regulatory threat (e.g., Bizer, 1999; Coglianese and Nash, 2016; Khanna and Damon, 1999). However, the use of threats raises a number of issues that do not arise in other contexts where voluntary abatement occurs in response to market-based or government-provided financial incentives. This provides the rationale for this review focused specifically on voluntary approaches with regulatory threats, which discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of using a threat-based approach and the implications of doing so, drawing on both the theoretical and empirical literature.
Fundamentos epistemológicos de la competitividad territorial para un proyecto de observatorio urbano-regional

Se plantea una revision de literatura alrededor del concepto de competitividad territorial con la finalidad de exponer sus fundamentos epistemologicos. A partir de alli, se propone una aproximacion alternativa a la competitividad del territorio que lo conciba como univoco y no objeto de fragmentacion, construido a partir de fuerzas de cooperacion competitiva que cumplen una funcion no solo economica, sino principalmente social. El analisis responde al proyecto de creacion de una institucion tipo Observatorio Urbano-Regional de la Competitividad Territorial en la Fundacion Universidad de America, que a futuro permita la consolidacion de teorias y evidencias empiricas sobre este concepto y su inclusion en politicas territoriales.
Insulin resistance in non-insulin dependent (type II) and insulin dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus.

Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) due to target tissue defects in insulin action. Abnormalities of cellular insulin action can be divided into receptor and post-receptor defects. Patients with impaired glucose tolerance are insulin resistant due to decreased insulin receptors resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity and rightward shifted in vivo dose response curves. Patients with NIDDM are insulin resistant due to a combination of receptor and post-receptor defects. The greater the severity of the diabetes (greater fasting hyperglycemia) the greater the post-receptor defect, and in those patients with more significant fasting hyperglycemia the post-receptor defect is the predominant abnormality leading to the insulin resistant state. At least one of the abnormalities underlying this post-receptor defect involves a decrease in glucose transport system activity in freshly isolated adipocytes. This defect in glucose transport, is not expressed in cultured fibro-blasts, indicating that the abnormality in glucose disposal seen in vivo and in glucose transport seen in freshly isolated cells is an acquired phenomenon. Consistent with this, the post-receptor defect is partially reversible by insulin therapy, which leads to a 50–70% reversal of the reduced rates of in vivo glucose disposal and in vitro glucose transport. Insulin resistance also exists in poorly controlled IDDM patients, due to a postreceptor defect in insulin action. This insulin resistance is not present in well controlled IDDM patients, and is completely reversible when poorly controlled patients are treated with intensive insulin therapy.
Hormonal Effects on Socio-Sexual Behavior in Dogs

Because mine is the only paper in this very stimulating symposium to deal with the topic of behavior I wish it were possible to present a comprehensive review of the current state of knowledge with respect to hormonal control of behavioral phenomena in general. Since the very extensive literature on this subject precludes so ambitious an undertaking I have chosen a much more modest objective which is to describe in some detail a few experiments which my associates and I have conducted to investigate hormonal factors affecting socio-sexual behavior in dogs.
Analysis of Time-Series Data on Personal Consumption Expenditures from the U.S. National Income and Product Accounts

We now turn to the aggregate time-series data on personal consumption expenditures from the U.S. National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), the analysis of which was the primary focus in the 1966 and 1970 editions of CDUS. Both quarterly and annual data are analyzed using the dynamical models described in Chapter 2. The present chapter elaborates the models estimated, together with various methods of estimation. Chapter 14 reports the empirical results for the quarterly data, and Chapter 15 does the same for the annual data. Chapter 16 presents summary tables of the estimated price and total-expenditure elasticities from Chapter 14 and Chapter 15, while Chapter 17 provides a comparison of the same with the cross-sectional estimates for the CES data from earlier chapters.
Economic Modeling of Global Climate: Comparing Approaches

Increasing consideration regarding the need for and cost of limits on trace gas emissions comes against a background of little if any consistent analytical efforts to address the economic costs of climate change or the benefits of slowing the rate of increase of trace gases. Almost universally, the trace gas limitations policies considered by analysts fall far short of the constraints needed to stabilize climate. Thus, these policies would only avoid a fraction of-or delay slightly - the expected damages of climate change. Studies that have addressed the costs of climate change have generally shown the costs to be quite small relative to estimates of the costs of limiting trace gas emissions. There continues to be a significant focus on climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels to the exclusion of analyses of other radiatively active gases and to the exclusion of other effects of trace gases - for example, the positive effect of carbon dioxide on plant growth. It is possible to concisely represent the relative value of reducing different trace gases, but this requires more information on the economic damages due to climate change and the nonclimatic damages or benefits of trace gases and the relationship of damages to the atmospheric concentration.
Illuminating Endocrine Evolution: The Power and Potential of Large-Scale Comparative Analyses

Hormones are central mediators of genotype-phenotype and organism-environment interactions. Despite these important functions, the role of selection in shaping hormonal mediators of phenotype remains poorly understood. Thanks to decades of work by endocrinologists, circulating hormone levels have been measured in a diversity of organisms. Variation in other endocrine traits and mediators (e.g., receptor expression and binding globulins), and the hormonal response to standardized challenges (e.g., restraint, pharmacological challenges) are also increasingly measured in both captive and free-living populations. Large-scale comparative analyses of the multitude of available endocrine data represent a particularly promising approach to addressing the function and evolution of these key phenotypic mediators, and their potential to serve as indicators of disturbance. Several recent phylogenetic comparative analyses and meta-analyses have begun to reveal the power and potential of these approaches to address key questions in integrative biology. Here we highlight two recent developments that are facilitating such analyses: increasingly powerful and flexible phylogenetic comparative methods, and the release of two endocrine trait databases-HormoneBase (currently 474 species) and the Wildlife Endocrinology Information Network (currently 25 species)-that contain compiled measures of endocrine traits across vertebrates. Increasingly comprehensive comparative analyses of endocrine data could provide insight into many interesting questions, including how rapidly changing environments are impacting phenotypes, why endocrine traits differ so remarkably within and across populations, and the evolution of plasticity. The endocrine system mediates interactions between genotypes and phenotypes, and between organisms and their environment. Environmentally induced hormonal responses regulate phenotypic flexibility across timescales by altering physiological state, gene expression, and epigenetic marks. A staggering diversity of phenotypic traits are mediated by hormones from early development through senescence. Through their actions on behavior, hormones also exert widespread influence over how organisms interact with their biotic and abiotic environments. Because hormones are responsive to the environment, there has long been interest in their use as biomarkers of exposure to challenges. More recently, increasing attention has been paid to the potential for within and among-population variation in endocrine regulation or responsiveness to serve as indicators of resistance or resilience to future challenges, or measures of evolutionary potential.
Grant-Funded Temporary Employees in Libraries

Abstract In 1994, the Music Library and Sound Recordings Archives at Bowling Green State University was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to recatalog 16,000 popular sound recordings. Working with the professional catalogers whose salaries were funded by the grant presented a variety of opportunities for the permanent staff. After reviewing the literature in library publications on the topic of temporary employees, the authors reflect on their experiences and offer suggestions for others in similar situations.
Inching closer to realistic exposure models

Engineered nanomaterials are often highly reactive and readily transform to new species. New modelling capabilities incorporate these transformations into estimates of environmental exposure concentrations and associated risks more accurately.