cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Can An Investor Profit from Return Predictability in Real Time

Despite the extensive empirical evidence on return predictability, the question whether investors can profit from return predictability in real time remains unsettled. One problem is that the predictive model is likely misspecified, which has received little attention. By taking a more careful approach that guards against model mis-specification, we study the economic significance of return predictability by evaluating extensively the out-of-sample portfolio performance of various predictive models and variations of predictive variables. We find that investors can benefit from predicting the sign, but not the magnitude, of the market expected returns only in periods when the market performs poorly. We also find that there is no significant performance difference among the predictive models, although the best statistical model often performs the worst and a GARCH feature seems important.
The Impact of Police Strength and Arrest Productivity on Fear of Crime and Subjective Assessments of the Police

We explore the effect of police strength and arrest productivity on citizens’ fear of crime and perceived risk of victimization, as well as their subjective perceptions of the police including their confidence in the police and ratings of police response time. Police strength is measured as the rate of officers per 1,000 and productivity is calculated as the average number of arrests per officer; we also controlled for the crime rate using crimes reported to the police. We use nationally representative survey data (n = 1,005) and conduct a supplemental analysis of data drawn from a representative sample of urban counties (n = 1,500). Police force size and productivity have limited and inconsistent effects on fear of crime, perceived risk, and ratings of response time and no apparent effects on confidence in the police. We also find a modest yet statistically significant negative effect of police confidence on fear of crime. Our findings indicate that it is questionable whether adding more police will reduce fear or perceived risk of victimization to any measurable degree. Consequently, we suggest that rather than hiring binges and increased arrests, the focus should be instead on making positive contacts with citizens.
Interactions between Metopolophium festucae cerealium (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV)

Interactions between an invasive aphid, Metopolophium festucae (Theobald) subsp. cerealium, and Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) were studied under laboratory conditions. M. festucae cerealium is an economic pest of wheat and barley that has recently been found in high population densities in wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. BYDV-PAV is the most prevalent and injurious species of BYDV worldwide and in the Pacific Northwest. Although M. festucae sensu stricto (Theobald 1917) has been reported previously as a vector of some BYDV isolates, there is no confirmed transmission of BYDV by M. festucae cerealium. Two experiments examined the ability of M. festucae cerealium to transmit BYDV-PAV. The first used single aphids caged to indicator plants of a BYDV-susceptible winter wheat cultivar and the second used multiple aphids on each test plant. M. festucae cerealium did not transmit BYDV-PAV in either experiment, whereas transmission by a known BYDV vector, Rhopalosiphum padi L., was consistently high (≥ 93%). A third experiment compared the intrinsic growth rate, days until first reproduction and daily reproduction by M. festucae cerealium on sham-inoculated and BYDV-PAV-infected wheat, but detected no differences. The findings are reviewed in light published data on M. festucae species, BYDV transmission, and the potential pest status of this new invading aphid.
Measurement of A LL and cross section of high p T charged π meson production for constraining ΔG at PHENIX

PHENIX at RHIC measured invariant differential cross section and double helicity asymmetry ALL of high pT charged pions production in polarized p + p collision at √s = 200 GeV. Interpretations of preliminary results regarding constraining gluon helicity distribution are discussed.
Realizing Three-Qubit Quantum-Gate Operation in a Cavity-QED System

Three-qubit quantum phase-gate and C2-NOT gate realization in a cavity-QED system is proposed where highly detuned field modes interact with a four-level system in an inverted-Y configuration. Its potential application to Grover's algorithm is discussed.
The use of Thermocouples as an Aid in Determining Body Temperature in the Fowl

Abstract A common method of determining the body temperature in an animal is to insert a clinical or laboratory thermometer into the rectum and wait for a period of two minutes before taking a reading. This becomes a laborious procedure when large numbers of birds are involved. Also, so much time is consumed that by the time the temperature of the last bird is read, the temperature of the first bird may have changed. This is particularly true if environmental conditions such as temperature are constantly changing. It is desirable, therefore, to use a more rapid method. Horvath, Rubin and Foltz (1950) utilized thermocouples and a potentiometer to determine the temperature of blood and other tissues in an anesthetized dog. Gross (1961a) implanted thermocouples in the breast of broilers and recorded the body temperature on a recording potentiometer. METHOD AND PROCEDURE The equipment required was as follows: glass jacket, Type “T”…
China, imperial: 5. Song dynasty period, 960–1279

Despite the militaristic origins it shares with nearly all prior and subsequent dynasties, the Song marks a watershed China's imperial history because of its uniquely civil character. Owing largely to the perfection of an elaborate system of state-sponsored civil service examinations during its centuries, the Song is remembered as a meritocratic age when a classless bureaucracy ascended over a disappearing hereditary aristocracy and when educated commoners became empowered to exert themselves for the first time as a political force. However, this same ultra-civilianized ethos of the Song is often cited foremost among those factors that precipitated its decline and demise. Keywords: 960–1279 ce ; China; civil service examinations; Eastern Asia; imperial history
Affectual Language in Teachers’ Talk.

In 2003, Sutton and Wheatly reported that there was scant research on the role(s) of emotion in teachers’ work, the impact of emotions on teaching and learning, and the effect(s) of the sociocultural context on teachers’ emotions. Since then, however, there has been an increase in research interest and outputs in this area (Keller, Frenzel, Goetz, Pekrun, & Hensley, 2011).
An Analysis of Native American/ Colonialist Interaction in the Southeastern United States

Historic documents are a useful tool in understanding post-contact archaeological sites. Documents can show different forms of interaction between Europeans and Native Americans and chronicle events that are invisible in the archaeological record. Using interactions between the Lower Creek and Westerners as a case study, a sample of 300 historic documents, written between 1620 and 1840, were analyzed and quantified. Results indicate that this method of quantification reflects historic events seen both in the documents and archaeological records and measures the level of interaction between Native Americans and colonialist through time.
The Pelvic Examination and Pap Smear in Adolescents and Young Adults

Cervical cancer takes many years to develop after exposure to the HPV virus and is rare in women below the age of 21. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommends that routine screening with Papanicolaou (Pap) smears start only at 21 years of age. A pelvic examination is thus often not required in adolescents who are sexually active as screening for sexually transmitted infections can be conducted by other methods. However, providers must know the indications for and be comfortable with conducting a pelvic examination and be familiar with the interpretation and management guidelines for Pap smears in young adults 21–29 years of age.
Eosinophilic endomyocardial disease

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is the rarest of the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides. We describe the case of a 58-year-old woman with a history of asthma found to have a left ventricular apical thrombus. Cardiac catheterization with endomyocardial biopsy was consistent with eosinophilic endomyocardial disease. The disease affects several organ systems and shares many features with more common conditions, making it a difficult diagnosis.
How accurate are self-reported height and weight in the seriously mentally ill?

Abstract Aims: (1) Determine the accuracy of self-reported height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated from those values in a population suffering from both serious mental illness (SMI) and overweight/obesity; (2) identify any associations that may predict error in self-reported measurements. Data were collected from screening appointments for two clinical trials for adult patients with SMI and overweight/obesity (BMI > 28) who gained weight while on antipsychotic medications. Both studies were conducted at the same urban community mental health center. Differences in self-reported and measured height, weight, and BMI were calculated. Analysis included age, sex, race, psychiatric diagnosis, and level of education. BMI calculated from self-reported height and weight were significantly lower (−0.47 kg/m 2 ) than measured values. Height was significantly overestimated (1.04 cm), while weight was underestimated (0.055 kg). Men underestimated BMI more than women (0.55 vs. 0.41 kg/m 2 ). Increasing age correlated with lower accuracy of self-reported height and BMI. No differences due to psychiatric diagnosis, race, or education were found. BMI calculated from self-reported height and weight from patients with SMI and overweight/obesity is as accurate as the self-reported measurements collected from the general population and, while measurement is best, self-reports can be used as a tool for screening for obesity.
A Highly-Secure Self-Protection Data Scheme in Clouds Using Active Data Bundles and Agent-Based Secure Multi-party Computation

Protection of data in cloud computing is a critical problem for many enterprises. We propose a solution that protects sensitive data outsourced to a cloud throughout their entire life cycle—both in the cloud as well as outside of the cloud (e.g., during transmission to or from the cloud). Our solution, known as Active Data Bundles using Secure Multi-Party Computation (ADB-SMC), uses: (i) active data bundles (ADBs)—for self-protecting data; (ii) ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption—for fine-grained access control; and, (iii) threshold RSA—for secure key management. We describe components and design of ADB-SMC and present the pseudocode for creating ADB to outsource data to the cloud. We implemented a prototype of the solution and compared its overhead with the overhead of the approach known as Active Bundles with Trusted Third Party (ABTTP). The results of performance tests show that the execution time overhead for ADBSMC is acceptable.
On the local intermolecular ordering and dynamics of liquid chloroform

Abstract Recently published neutron scattering experiments suggest local molecular ‘polar stacking’ in bulk liquid chloroform. We present molecular dynamics simulations of liquid chloroform that confirm the existence of these structures in relative populations that agree with experiment. Removing the electrostatic contributions to the chloroform force field leaves these structures mostly unchanged. Dynamic studies show that the lifetimes of these short-lived structures are also unchanged when disabling electrostatics. This set of results confirms that these polar-stacked structures are the result of geometrical packing, as opposed to dipole-dipole interactions or other electrostatic driving forces. We also extend this investigation of local intermolecular ordering in chloroform to relate these polar stacking populations to the well-known ‘Apollo configuration,’ where nearby molecules have collinear, head-to tail-dipole moment vectors. We find that the ‘Apollo configuration’ represents only a very small fraction of the total population in bulk liquid CHCl 3 .
Toward Cliodynamics – an Analytical, Predictive Science of History

Author(s): Turchin, Peter | Abstract: This article responds to those who think that a science of history is in principle impossible. First, I tackle the issue of prediction and point out that it is not limited to forecasting the future. Scientific prediction is also (an much more usefully) employed in empirical tests of scientific theories. Next, I switch from conceptual to empirical issues, and review evidence for general empirical regularities. I also discuss some recent examples of using scientific prediction in testing theories about historical dynamics. I conlcude by pointing out that we now have the right quantitative tools and, even more important, a growing corpus of historical data for testing theories. An analytical, predictive history, or cliodynamics, is eminently possible.
Compatibility and bundling of stand and No stand-alone use complements

Abstract This study analyzes the profitability of compatibility and bundling for a duopolist introducing a new, monopoly complementary product of no individual use. In a market where there are both new consumers and legacies, I show the two-product seller's optimal product bundling strategy is compatibility between the complement and the single-product competitor's platform. Their optimal price bundling strategy is to offer the two products a la carte. If compatibility is not possible due to high costs, the two-product seller's profit maximizing strategy is dependent on (i) the relative size of its legacy base to the single-product seller's, (ii) the degree of differentiation between the competing products and (ii) the consumer valuation for the new product relative to the existing one. When competition is introduced in the complement market via a ”race to offer the complement first”, each firm chooses compatibility. Furthermore, the loser of the race finds it optimal to announce the characteristics and release date of its differentiated product at the same time the winner releases the complement, unless the consumers have a high discount factor for waiting or the valuation for the complement is high. The welfare implications for both consumers and producers are presented in both scenarios.
Prolonged grief disorder: clinical utility of ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) is expected to include a new diagnosis for prolonged grief disorder (ICD-11PGD). This study examines the validity and clinical utility of the ICD-11PGD guideline by testing its performance in a well-characterized clinical sample and contrasting it with a very different criteria set with the same name (PGDPLOS). METHODS: We examined data from 261 treatment-seeking participants in the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-sponsored multicenter clinical trial to determine the rates of diagnosis using the ICD-11PGD guideline and compared these with diagnosis using PGDPLOS criteria. RESULTS: The ICD-11PGD guideline identified 95.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 93.3-98.2%] of a treatment-responsive cohort of patients with distressing and impairing grief. PGDPLOS criteria identified only 59.0% (95% CI 53.0-65.0%) and were more likely to omit those who lost someone other than a spouse, were currently married, bereaved by violent means, or not diagnosed with co-occurring depression. Those not diagnosed by PGDPLOS criteria showed the same rate of treatment response as those who were diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: The ICD-11PGD diagnostic guideline showed good performance characteristics in this sample, while PGDPLOS criteria did not. Limitations of the research sample used to derive PGDPLOS criteria may partly explain their poor performance in a more diverse clinical sample. Clinicians and researchers need to be aware of the important difference between these two identically named diagnostic methods.
8 - Cultivar Selection

Alfalfa ( Medicago spp.) has received the most attention of all the perennial forage crops from plant breeders. The true clovers ( Trifolium spp.) and the grasses, both perennial and annual types, have received limited attention from plant breeders. In general, however, where plant-breeding work has occurred, the released cultivars are usually superior to cultivars used earlier, largely because of increased pest tolerance. Thus, it is to the grower's advantage to spend the time required to identify these improved cultivars, regardless of the crop being grown, because increased yield and stand longevity are the usual result. The selection of a cultivar for forage production should consider several important criteria: disease and pest resistance, adaptation to environmental and soil conditions, yield potential, intended use, and stand longevity.
Structure and Function of Transcuprein, in Transport of Copper by Mammalian Blood Plasma

Using 67Cu of high specific activity, we have shown previously in rats that copper entering the blood from the intestine (or directly by intraveneous injection) immediately binds to 2 components in the blood plasma (Weiss and Linder, 1985). These are albumin, which has for some time been known to have a single, high affinity site for Cu binding (Lau and Sarkar, 1971), and another, new plasma protein we have named transcuprein that has an apparent molecular weight of 270 kDa (Weiss and Linder, 1985). Transcuprein rapidly exchanges copper with albumin, and the specific activity of copper on both of these proteins diminishes in parallel, and very fast, after administration of radioactive tracer. Depletion of newly absorbed copper bound to albumin and transcuprein with time is accompanied a deposition of copper in liver and kidney. The kinetics of these changes are consistent with those of a precursor/product relationship, implying that transcuprein and albumin are delivering Cu to both of these organs after absorption from the diet. Transcuprein, ceruloplasmin, and albumin (as well as components of low molecular weight binding Cu) may be fractionated on columns of Sephadex G150. “Profiles” of rat and human plasma fractionated in this manner have 10–15% of the Cu associated with transcuprein. An approximately equal quantity is associated with albumin, and the remainder is mainly associated with ceruloplasmin, but about 10% is with low molecular weight components (Wirth and Linder, 1985). Further work on the structure and function of the new Cu transport protein is described below.
Exome sequencing of 85 Williams-Beuren syndrome cases rules out coding variation as a major contributor to remaining variance in social behavior.

Background Large, multigenic deletions at chromosome 7q11.23 result in a highly penetrant constellation of physical and behavioral symptoms known as Williams-Beuren syndrome (WS). Of particular interest is the unusual social-cognitive profile evidenced by deficits in social cognition and communication reminiscent of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that are juxtaposed with normal or even relatively enhanced social motivation. Interestingly, duplications in the same region also result in ASD-like phenotypes as well as social phobias. Thus, the region clearly regulates human social motivation and behavior, yet the relevant gene(s) have not been definitively identified. Method Here, we deeply phenotyped 85 individuals with WS and used exome sequencing to analyze common and rare variation for association with the remaining variance in social behavior as assessed by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Results We replicated the previously reported unusual juxtaposition of behavioral symptoms in this new patient collection, but we did not find any new alleles of large effect in the targeted analysis of the remaining copy of genes in the Williams syndrome critical region. However, we report on two nominally significant SNPs in two genes that have been implicated in the cognitive and social phenotypes of Williams syndrome, BAZ1B and GTF2IRD1. Secondary discovery driven explorations focusing on known ASD genes and an exome wide scan do not highlight any variants of a large effect. Conclusions Whole exome sequencing of 85 individuals with WS did not support the hypothesis that there are variants of large effect within the remaining Williams syndrome critical region that contribute to the social phenotype. This deeply phenotyped and genotyped patient cohort with a defined mutation provides the opportunity for similar analyses focusing on noncoding variation and/or other phenotypic domains.
Morphology and stress evolution during the initial stages of intergranular corrosion of X70 steel

Abstract Pipeline steels are vulnerable to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) during intergranular corrosion (IGC) at potentials of active dissolution in moderately alkaline carbonate-bicarbonate solutions. Morphology evolution accompanying IGC has not been fully described, despite the relevance of the corrosion geometry to crack initiation. The present article reports a characterization of concurrent morphology and mechanical stress development during the initial stages of IGC of X70 steel in sodium bicarbonate solution, in the potential range of high SCC susceptibility. Morphology was revealed by scanning electron microscope examination of cross sections through the IGC layer, and stress evolution was monitored by curvature interferometry. At potentials in the range of SCC susceptibility, IGC creates triangular wedges of porous corrosion product centered at grain boundary triple junctions. The wedge shape indicates a higher corrosion rate at the grain boundary compared to the grain surfaces. Compressive stress is generated during IGC due to internal oxidation on grain surfaces forming a thin compact corrosion product layer. Polarization at a potential below the SCC range resulted in selective grain dissolution with no internal corrosion product or compressive stress increase. Silicon solute atoms are selectively oxidized into the compact grain boundary corrosion product film.
Strongly Enhanced Gilbert Damping in 3 d Transition-Metal Ferromagnet Monolayers in Contact with the Topological Insulator Bi 2 Se 3

Gilbert damping is of great importance for ultrahigh-speed spintronic devices, as it determines the magnetization dynamics of a ferromagnet. However, $a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}b$ $i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o$ determination of Gilbert damping is challenging, due to the many different mechanisms behind the phenomenon. The authors use scattering theory and extend the powerful torque method to calculate Gilbert damping, and then study several examples of a monolayer of $3d$ transition-metal ferromagnet atop a topological insulator. Surprisingly, Gilbert damping in such a system is boosted by about an order of magnitude, thanks to the spin-orbit coupling in the topological insulator.
Equivalent but not the Same: Teaching and Learning in Full Semester and Condensed Summer Courses

AbstractResearch on teaching and learning in condensed-course formats is varied and difficult to generalize. We analyze this research and identify factors that may account for the varied findings. ...
Measuring Racial Competence in Athletic Academic Support Staff Members

Critical Race Theory (CRT), a theoretical framework that has been gaining much recognition in sport literature, is a useful and beneficial tool in discussing race and racism. To better understand t...
Regional security institutions and weak states: The case of post-conflict Somalia and the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)

How do weak states in conflict-prone regions of the world manage crisis? This article applies a theory of international organizations as a framework to analyze how states in East Africa cooperated ...
In vivo analysis of renal epithelial cells in zebrafish.

Abstract The zebrafish kidney has been used effectively for studying kidney development, repair and disease. New gene editing capability makes it a more versatile in vivo vertebrate model system to investigate renal epithelial cells in their native environment. In this chapter we focus on dissecting gene function in basic cellular biology of renal epithelial cells, including lumen formation and cell polarity, in intact zebrafish embryos.
Methylation of Progesterone Receptor Promoter-Associated CpG Island in Polycythemia Vera and Related Myeloproliferative Disorders.

Abstract Polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and idiopathic myelofibrosis (MF) are clonal myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). A recently discovered activating mutation of JAK2 tyrosine kinase has been found in most patients with polycythemia vera (PV), in about half of those with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis (MF), and in 10–20% patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, Philadelphia-negative CML, atypical or unclassified MPD and megakaryocytic leukemia. It is not known what other factors determine the disease phenotype of PV, MF, and other MPD, and what factors other than JAK2 lead to disease progression. Very little is known about epigenetic changes in PV. DNA methylation of promoter-associated CpG islands is a well-recognized mechanism of epigenetic silencing used by tumors for evasion from regulatory mechanisms, and it is an alternative to genetic lesions in cancer causation. Using a genome-wide screen for differentially methylated CpG islands, we found methylation of progesterone receptor promoter region (PGR) in PV granulocytes. We then developed pyrosequencing assays for quantitative detection of PGR methylation in bisulfite-treated PCR-amplified DNA. The PGR methylation above normal control levels was observed in ET (2/12 patients, 17%), PV (10/22 patients, 45%), MF (8/12 patients, 67%), and patients with acute myeloid leukemia and antecedent PV (6/7 patients, 86%). We compared the levels of PGR methylation in MPD with the mutation status of JAK2. The 1849G>T JAK2 mutation was present in 16/27 (59%) MPD patients with unmethylated PGR and 21/26 (80%) patients with methylated PGR; the difference not statistically significant; p=0.135. The role of progesterone receptor signaling in hematopoiesis is not known. Using real time quantitative RT-PCR assay for progesterone receptor expression we found detectable levels in granulocytes from 4/5 normal individuals while the expression in granulocytes from 5/5 PV patients was not detectable. To assess the functional significance of progesterone receptor silencing, we explored the effect of mifepristone, a progesterone receptor antagonist, on the response of BFU-E progenitors to erythropoietin. Mifepristone increased the sensitivity of BFU-E progenitors from normal blood to low concentrations of erythropoietin (60–250 mU/ml) suggesting that disabling of progesterone receptor may increase the response of hematopoietic cells to proliferative stimuli. In conclusion, our data show that PGR methylation is present in half of PV patients and it is even more frequent in MF and PV transformed to AML. Silencing of progesterone receptor by methylation may be an epigenetic change contributing to MPD phenotype and transformation to leukemia.
Settler Colonialism, Policing and Racial Terror: The Police Shooting of Loreal Tsingine

On 27 March 2014, Loreal Tsingine, a 27-year-old Navajo woman was shot and killed by Austin Shipley, a white male police officer, also 27 years old, who said he was trying to apprehend her for a suspected shoplifting. Shipley was never charged, and the Department of Justice declined to investigate the Winslow police on the matter. This article explores Shipley’s killing of Loreal Tsingine and the police investigation of the shooting as quotidian events in settler colonial states. Police shootings of Indigenous people and the legal response to police use of force (along with everyday settler violence) are a part of the racial terror that is a central part of settler colonialism. Both the shooting and the official narratives of it as a justifiable use of force reveal the psychic and material underpinnings of a settler state, a state that continually imagines and consolidates itself as a community of whites imperiled by Indians among others. White settler violence directed at those imagined as threats lives just beneath the surface of everyday settler life, and importantly, flows through institutions such as policing, embedding itself in everyday professional routines. The extractive relations that are the basis of settler colonialism require and produce white subjects for whom Indigenous lands and bodies are the resource for white identity; policing is one site where white men and women (as well as those aspiring to whiteness), can enact racial hierarchy on behalf of the colonial state with impunity.
Fluctuations of Oil Prices and Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia

The main aim of the study was to find out the impact of fluctuations of oil prices on the economic progress measured using GDP of Indonesia. The research design was quantitative as the data collect is in numeric form. The data is collected from the secondary sources including World Bank and Fred St. Louis. A total of 10 years data was collected ranging from 2009 to 2018 based on monthly frequency. The analysis was conducted using ADF testing for stationarity, descriptive statistics and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is conducted in order to find the impact of fluctuations of oil prices on the Indonesian economic progress. It was found from the preliminary assessment that data of GDP index had unit root, therefore, ARDL model was opted. It was found that oil price volatility affected the economic progress of Indonesia positively in the short-run. It was also evaluated that GDP is significantly dependent on its lagged values. The research underpinned the case of Indonesia therefore this research is limited to the geographical bounds of Indonesia. Therefore, no other country has been assessed in this study and this provides direction for future research where other developing countries, for instance, Thailand, Malaysia, Pakistan or China. Provided this, the research in future can be further enhanced by incorporating control variables like exchange rate, inflation, interest rate.
Addressing the Opioid Epidemic: Strategies for Interprofessional Health Education

INTRODUCTION Opioid use disorder impacts families in the United States from all walks of life with premature loss of life and devastating financial and social consequences. An online interprofessional program was designed and implemented to assist pre-licensure health professions students to understand the complexities of the opioid epidemic. The program included information related to the epidemic’s impact on individuals, patients, families and the community, solutions to this crisis, and the benefit of interprofessional care in to addressing the epidemic. METHODS The purpose of this study was to explore students’ perceptions of individuals experiencing opioid use disorder and the value of interprofessional care. There were 217 students of medicine, dental, nursing, emergency medical services, and physical therapy who participated in the discussion-board format activity that enabled them to acquire new knowledge and apply it to two unfolding case studies of individuals experiencing opioid use disorder. RESULTS Thematic analysis was applied to the discussion that was generated from the activity. Six themes were identified from the discussion board responses: 1) Opioid use disorder can happen to anyone, 2) Mismanaged health care contributes to opioid addiction, 3) Overwhelming life stressors can impact opioid use, 4) Seeking relief from chronic pain can dominate a person’s life, 5) A strong sense of empathy and compassion is essential for health professionals, and 6) Interprofessional collaboration improves outcomes. CONCLUSION This educational strategy was an effective approach to engage students in informed discussions regarding the complexities of the epidemic and to appreciate the benefit of interprofessional care in addressing opioid use disorder.
Treatment Retention in Opioid Dependent Clients Receiving Medication-Assisted Treatment: Six-Month Rate and Baseline Correlates.

In the current opioid overdose epidemic, treatment retention among clients receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid dependence is a significant and growing concern among treatment p...
Job and Family Demands and Burnout Among Healthcare Workers: The Moderating Role of Workplace Flexibility

Abstract Burnout is a growing problem among healthcare workers. Whereas there are numerous predictors of burnout, this article explores the compounding effects of job and family demands among nurses and Patient Care Associates (PCA). This study used the 2018 survey data of the Boston Hospital Health Workers Study (BHWHS) to assess the relationship of job and family demands, workplace flexibility, and burnout (N = 874). In addition, it aimed to evaluate the moderating effect of workplace flexibility and job and family demands on burnout. Results of the study demonstrate that active and high strained healthcare workers are associated with higher odds of experiencing burnout as well as workers who reported perceived low workplace flexibility. In addition, workplace flexibility is associated with reduced odds of experiencing burnout. Workplace flexibility moderated the relationship of childless married healthcare workers and burnout. The study shows that workplace flexibility plays a critical role in potentially reducing odds of burnout in the healthcare worker population. Assessing the perception and accessibility to workplace flexibility among workers is imperative to improve worker well-being and the quality of care provided to patients especially the current effects to worker's health during a pandemic.
The Effect of Forearm Shortening on Forearm Range of Motion.

Purpose Osseous shortening of the forearm is performed during forearm replantation ; however, no large clinical reviews have discussed its effects on patient outcomes. A recent cadaver study demonstrated the progressive loss of forearm pronation/supination ranges of motion with increased shortening lengths using external fixation . Our study aimed to quantify the effects of shortening on passive forearm motion using internal fixation after 2, 4, and 6 cm of mid-forearm shortening. Methods A volar Henry approach and direct approach to the ulna were used on 8 cadaveric specimens. The forearms were sequentially shortened by 2, 4, and 6 cm. Fixation was performed on the volar surfaces of the radius and ulna. Pronation and supination of the forearms were tested by applying 1 Nm of torque at baseline and after the fixation of both the radius and ulna using osteotomy . Radiographs and measurements were obtained at each phase to determine the maximum radial bow and radioulnar gap. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Results Greater shortening of the radius and ulna led to progressively greater reductions in both pronation and supination range of motion. Larger differences were seen in supination at 2–4 cm of shortening and in pronation at 4–6 cm of shortening. Changes in supination were found to be associated with the radial bow and radioulnar gap; changes in pronation were found to be associated with the radial bow and radial bow’s location. Conclusions This study demonstrates that quantifiable effects on passive forearm motion occur after osseous shortening of the forearm. Clinical relevance This information may improve surgeons’ and patients’ understanding of the changes in forearm motion expected after shortening in the setting of replantation or tumor resection or in the setting of limb salvage of a mangled extremity.
Biomembranes undergo complex, non-axisymmetric deformations governed by KirchhoffLove kinematicsand revealed by a three-dimensional computational framework

Biomembranes play a central role in various phenomena like locomotion of cells, cell-cell interactions, packaging and transport of nutrients, transmission of nerve impulses, and in maintaining orga...
Acquisition of Artillery Projectile Data During In-Bore Travel using RF Telemetry

The U. S. Army Armament Research and Development Command (ARRADCOM), has had a need for a number of artillery projectile telemetry systems to obtain in-bore and in-flight data. This paper provides a brief description of some of these systems along with the non-destructive testing techniques that have been utilized for verifying the gun hardness of telemetry components and systems. Examples of in-bore environmental data obtained during actual firings are presented and discussed.
Coopetitive Buyer–Supplier Relationship: An Investigation of Bargaining Power, Relational Context, and Investment Strategies

This study proposes an analytical approach combined with a behavioral experiment for a joint examination of the competitive and cooperative (i.e., coopetitive) relationship between a buyer and a supplier. Specifically, the article considers the scenario in which the buyer and the supplier invest in strategic capabilities to increase their relative bargaining power. The article examines how dynamic investments in strategic assets are influenced by the locus of bargaining power and by the underlying context (synergistic vs. adversarial) of the interfirm relationship. The dynamic evolution of bargaining power is also examined. A dynamic game model is considered to examine the evolution of investment strategies in critical resources and to investigate the issues of bargaining power in a buyer–supplier dyad. Equilibrium expressions for the investment strategies of the buyer and the supplier are presented and their implications for buyer–supplier relationships are examined. The behavioral experiment complements the analytical model and examines the correspondence between optimal behavior suggested by the analytical model and the boundedly rational behavior of decision makers in an experimental context. The results from the model and behavioral experiments suggest that the strategies are a function of the risk-adjusted returns obtained from investments. The experiment shows that, in a synergistic relational context when the buyer maintains bargaining power, the investment shifts of the buyer and the supplier accord well with theoretical predictions. In an adversarial relational context, the results of the experimental study do not correspond well with that predicted by the theoretical model. The implications of the results are discussed and directions for future research are presented.
Developing Software for Livestock Manure and Nutrient Management in the USA

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the limitations of previous planning software, the opportunities this presents for new software, the data requirements of planning software, challenges and barriers to creating this software, and a glimpse of what this new software might look like. Nutrient management planning software that accurately models management impacts on natural processes and the environment can help crop and livestock producers document the sustainability of their operations in an increasingly regulated environment. However, a number of challenges must be addressed for this software to be effective both locally and nationally. These challenges include the problems of data acquisition, standardization, and exchange. The software must also accommodate the spatial and temporal nature of manure and nutrient management, as well as be flexible enough to satisfy emerging regulatory reporting requirements.
When Should Judges Admit or Compel Genetic Tests

During the past two decades, the use of DNA tests has revolutionized court proceedings in criminal and paternity cases. On the horizon is a new challenge for judges--whether to admit or compel genetic tests to confirm or predict genetic diseases and conditions in many more judicial contexts, e.g., decisions regarding culpability, sentencing, liability, causation, and damages. This Policy Forum reports on an empirical study of how judges would analyze these issues. The authors discuss the challenges these types of cases will bring to the court-room and suggest a series of questions that judges should consider in evaluating the need for genetic information in legal cases.
Molecular strain typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to confirm cross-contamination in the mycobacteriology laboratory and modification of procedures to minimize occurrence of false-positive cultures.

Molecular strain typing by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to demonstrate that two clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures involving six patients resulted from cross-contamination in the mycobacteriology laboratory. Contaminated cultures were processed by the decontamination procedure and were read on the BACTEC instrument following acid-fast bacillus smear-positive specimens from patients with active tuberculosis. Investigation of these episodes suggested opportunities for modification of laboratory procedures to minimize cross-contamination and confirmed the adverse medical and public health consequences of false-positive cultures. Strain-typing results were used in decisions regarding patient care, including the curtailment of unnecessary treatment in one patient. Molecular strain typing appears to be a valuable means of identifying false-positive cultures of M. tuberculosis in selected settings. Images
Dual channel WDM source with monolithically integrated electroabsorption modulators and Y-junction coupler by selective-area MOCVD

In this talk, we present the design, fabrication and device results of a InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs strained QW dual-channel WDM source with monolithically integrated electroabsorption modulators and y-junction coupler by selective-area MOCVD. We show a schematic diagram of the dual-channel device.
Growth and Survival of RCS Dystrophic Rats Fed Modifications of the AIN-76 Diet

The RCS dystrophic rat is a hooded, pigmented-eyed strain widely used as a model for retinal degeneration. In addition to progressive photoreceptor loss, this strain suffers from unexplainable high mortality during the suckling period when reared on commercial cereal-based diets. Supplementation of these diets with 25% sunflower seeds greatly reduces this problem. This report presents the results of a study undertaken to test the effectiveness of the purified AIN-76 diet in controlling the high mortality. Growth of F1 rats and percent survival of the F2 offspring were determined for RCS dystrophic rats provided one of 5 diets: (Control) modified AIN-76 diet (15% additional sucrose in place of starch, nd vitamin and mineral mixes made up in cellulose rather than powdered sucrose); control with double the content of vitamin mix; control with double the content of fat; control with double the content of mineral mix; and control with double the content of protein. The percent survival of the F2 offspring was increased from 73% to 92% by vitamin supplementation. Doubling the mineral or protein content proved lethal to 54% and 79% of offspring on these respective diets. Increasing the vitamin content also resulted in an improvement in the initial growth of females. Increased fat, mineral or protein content all decreased the growth rate of males. Likewise, growth of females was decreased when the mineral and protein content of the diet was raised.
The use of protein and protein hydrolyzates for intravenous alimentation.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the possible dangers as well as the metabolic behavior of intravenously injected protein as human plasma and protein hydrolyzates, including pure amino acid mixtures. Both are now available as safe preparations that can be given with little or no danger. The dangers from the injection of protein hydrolyzates were recognized early and were so great that this method of treatment seemed doomed to failure. Most of these deleterious effects were described as peptone shock because it was assumed that the peptones present in the hydrolyzates were responsible. The term protein hydrolyzates is used to include mixtures of crystalline amino acids. The metabolic behavior of appropriate amino acid mixtures as protein hydrolyzates injected intravenously is fairly well known and probably differs little from the same substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Much more knowledge is needed of its relation to other nutriments, and of the effect of hydrolyzates containing larger aggregates of amino acids. Its clinical value as a source of parenteral protein food seems well established.
Ampicillin-sulbactam and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid: a comparison of their in vitro activity and review of their clinical efficacy

Sulbactam (SB) and clavulanic acid (CA) are irreversible inhibitors of the beta-lactamases in the Richmond and Sykes classes II-VI. When combined with ampicillin and ticarcillin, SB and CA, respectively, extend the spectrum of activity of these penicillins to include some beta-lactamase-producing aerobes (Enterobacteriaceae, Hemophilus influenzae, staphylococci) and anaerobes (Bacteroides fragilis group) which would otherwise be resistant. Neither effectively inhibits the class I beta-lactamases frequently produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, and Serratia, in part explaining the resistance observed with these organisms. Clinically, both agents were as effective as the comparative therapies in all but two of the trials reviewed. Given the current data, the decision to add these agents to the formulary should be based on hospital resistance patterns and on the cost of these antimicrobials in comparison to conventional therapies.
Modeling the Morphology of the Intracranial Pressure Waveform

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important neurovascular vital sign and is tracked in a variety of conditions affecting the brain. Clinical decision-making is largely based on trends in mean ICP, although the pulsatile ICP waveform might also be harnessed to derive information about the physical characteristics of the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid compartment. In this investigation, we use small models of the cerebrospinal space to understand the morphology of the ICP waveform and to determine which cerebrospinal characteristics can be estimated from the ICP waveform. Intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important vital sign of the brain and is often measured continuously in patients in neurocritical care. While clinical decisions are primarily based on mean ICP, the pulsatile ICP waveform reflects physical characteristics of the cerebrospinal space that could be harnessed to provide additional information for clinical decision-making..
A finite element and order of magnitude analysis of cryosurgery in the lung

Abstract Cryosurgical freezing of dense lung tumors within healthy lung tissue is investigated using numerical and order-of-magnitude analyses. The numerical model indicates that the freezing front accelerates as it leaves the tumor and enters the surrounding healthy, low density lung tissue, a prediction confirming the earlier analytical work of Bischof, Bastacky and Rubinsky [1]. Order-of-magnitude arguments are used to explain this somewhat counter-intuitive result as well as the qualitative features exhibited by the numerical freezing simulation. In particular, scaling arguments lead to three important findings : i.) The ratio of freezing front speeds in tumorous and healthy tissue is inversely proportional to the ratio of corresponding tissue densities. Thus, as predicted by the numerical simulation, the freezing front travels faster in healthy tissue. ii.) In either tissue, the speed of a radially propagating freezing front varies approximately as 1/r, where r is the instantaneous front radius. Thus, the front decelerates as it grows radially. iii.) Approximate closed form expressions can be derived to estimate the time-varying freezing front location in either tissue type.