cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Post-transcriptional Regulation of PML protein by Distinct Mechanisms

The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein is a tumor suppressor originally identified in acute promyelocytic leukemia and implicated in tumorigenesis in multiple forms of cancer. PML protein is frequently down-regulated in various cancers, but PML mRNA levels are relatively similar between normal and cancerous tissues (1). These observations indicate that PML protein levels are tightly regulated, in part, through post-transcriptional modification. We previously demonstrated that the PML protein undergoes ubiquitination (Ub)-mediated degradation facilitated by an E3 ligase UHRF1 (2), and that SIRT1/SIRT5 promotes deacetylation and SUMO1 conjugation of PML (3) in response to oxidative stress. Here, we found that the small noncoding RNA miR-24 and miR-133 target 3' UTR of PML1 mRNA, the major PML isoform in primary human endothelial cells (ECs). In normal culture condition, miR-24 and miR-133 down-regulate PML1 protein expression in primary human ECs. However, miR-24 but not miR-133 up-regulates PML1 protein ...
Characterization of the region of attraction of a power system transient stability model

A closed form equation is derived that describes the stable manifold for each of the n-1 type-1 unstable equilibrium points (UEPs). These stable manifolds can be obtained without having to compute the postfault stable equilibrium points for each of the stable manifolds. The equation describing the stable manifold for each UEP can be written knowing only the postfault stable equilibrium point. The n-1 stable manifolds for the UEPs constrain the power across the cutset of branches that encircle each of the n-1 generators that are not assumed to be the swing machine. For a point to lie on the stable manifolds of a specific UEP, the sum of power flows across all branches in the cutset that surround the generator that corresponds to a specific UEP must equal the sum of the power flows across this cutset at the postfault equilibrium point. These results are intuitive since the equal-area criterion could be used to characterize the region of stability for a single-machine infinite-bus system in the exact same manner. >
Unsupervised learning strategies for the detection and classification of transient phenomena on electric power distribution systems

A number of utilities are currently installing high-speed data acquisition equipment in their distribution substations. This equipment will make it possible to record the transient waveforms due to events such as low and high-impedance faults, capacitor switching, and load switching. The authors describe the potential of applying unsupervised learning strategies to the classification of the various events observed by a substation recorder. Several strategies are tested using simulation studies and the effectiveness of unsupervised learning is compared to current classification strategies as well as supervised learning. >
Diurnal and Acute Stress-Induced Changes in Distribution of Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Subpopulations

In this study, we examined hormonal regulation of the distribution profiles of leukocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood of rats. Flow cytometric analysis revealed significant and selective changes in the numbers and the percentages of peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations which were a function of diurnal variations in hormone secretion and hormonal changes induced by acute stress. Changes in numbers and percentages of leukocyte subpopulations, which varied with time of day, were similar to changes observed under stress conditions. At the beginning of the rat's active period, and after 1 h of restraint stress, there was a significant reduction in numbers of leukocytes and lymphocytes. This reduction was primarily accounted for by a decrease in numbers of B cells, natural killer cells, monocytes (diurnal study), and helper T cells (diurnal study). There was also a significant decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes which was mirrored by an increase in the percentage of neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Peripheral blood leukocyte numbers were inversely related to plasma corticosterone levels. These results suggest that the endocrine system plays a role in the regulation of immune cell turnover and/or redistribution between immune compartments under conditions of normal daily experiences, namely, the diurnal cycle, and mild acute stress. They also suggest that these effects are selective for certain subpopulations of leukocytes.
Does on-site adequacy evaluation reduce the nondiagnostic rate in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions?†

BACKGROUND: This retrospective study compared the nondiagnostic rate for endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS) fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of pancreatic lesions in 2 settings: 1 with and 1 without on-site evaluation. METHODS: The authors reviewed 381 consecutive cases and divided them into groups with and without on-site adequacy evaluation. For the group with on-site evaluation, cytopathology personnel prepared and evaluated Diff-Quik–stained direct smears and rinsed the remaining material in CytoLyt solution (Cytyc Corporation, Marlborough, Mass). The group without on-site evaluation was divided into 2 subgroups: the clinical team either prepared an air-dried smear for each FNA pass and then rinsed the remaining material in CytoLyt, or the entire sample was rinsed in CytoLyt. The cytologic diagnoses were reviewed and the nondiagnostic rates for each group were calculated. RESULTS: On-site evaluation was provided for 167 cases with a nondiagnostic rate of 25.8% (43 of 167 cases). On-site evaluation was not provided for 214 cases with a nondiagnostic rate of 24.3% (52 of 214 cases). The nondiagnostic rate for the subgroup with air-dried smears prepared by the clinical team was 25.6% (43 of 168 cases) and that for the subgroup with the entire sample rinsed in CytoLyt was 19.6% (9 of 46 cases). There were no significant statistical differences in nondiagnostic rates noted among the different groups or subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study indicate that when experienced operators perform EUS FNA of pancreatic lesions, on-site adequacy evaluation offers no benefit in reducing the nondiagnostic rate. Optimizing visualization of the sampled material by omitting the preparation of direct smears and rinsing the entire sample in liquid-based media demonstrated a trend toward improving the diagnostic rate. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Differential cross sections for O(3P)+alkane reactions by direct imaging

We report a crossed molecular beam study of the reaction of O(3P) with cyclohexane with velocity map imaging of the cyclohexyl radical product using single photon ionization. The results represent the first direct measurement of the differential cross sections for ground state oxygen atom reactions with alkanes. The experimental approach has the advantage that the collision energy is not only well defined but also continuously tunable in a reasonable range. The results show that at 5.8 kcal/mol collision energy the products are mainly backward scattered, clearly confirming the anticipated rebound reaction mechanism. More surprising is the large fraction, nearly 60%, of the available energy partitioned into the internal degrees of freedom of the products.
Axle load and tillage effects on the shrinkage characteristics of a Mollic Ochraqualf in northwest Ohio

Abstract Cracking due to soil shrinkage is a complex process whose effect on soil properties, crop growth and water quality are not adequately understood. The intensity of cracking depends on soil characteristics and management. The effect of three axle loads and three tillage methods on shrinkage characteristics and cracking behavior were studied for a heavy-textured lake bed soil in northwest Ohio. The three axle load treatments were 0, 10 and 20 Mg, and the three tillage treatments were no till (NT), chisel plowing (CP) and moldboard plowing (MP). Cracking area increased from 1.75% in July to 12.27% in September, was maximum in the NT treatment, and increased with increase in axle load. The no till and 30 Mg axle load caused significantly higher cracking than other axle load and tillage treatment combinations. Shrinkage of compressed soil cores under laboratory conditions showed that a bulk density of 1.5 Mg/m 3 had the lowest total shrinkage volume. A combination of no till and heavy axle load increased the cracking area and accentuated adverse effects on soil structure.
Vicious-circle behavior involves new learning

Following escape training in a straight runway, hooded rats were given differential treatment during extinction: Midsegment punishment on every trial, midsegment punishment on the first four trials only, midsegment punishment on the first trial only, startbox punishment on the first four trials only, or no punishment. Punishment led to vicious-circle behavior, that is, greater resistance to extinction than in a no-punishment condition, only when it was administered in the midsegment of the runway on four or more trials. The results support the interpretation that, during extinction, running is learned to the altered stimulus conditions present in the start area.
Combinations of Contrastive Discourse Markers in English

Discourse Markers are usually discussed as terms which signal the relationship between two contiguous sentences, S1—DM—S2 (“We started late. Yet, somehow, we arrived on time.”) In the present paper, I examine the class of English Contrastive Discourse Markers (CDMs) to determine what pairs of them occur acceptably in a sentence (“The health care system needs more primary care physicians. However, on the other hand, they are the doctors who are paid at the bottom of the scale.”), those which are unacceptable (“We could go to Jamaica for our vacation this year. On the other hand, nevertheless, we could stay home.”), and others for which the jury is out. Several tentative generalizations, including the role of spoken vs. written language are made but the complete solution is far down the road.
Development of an Al2O3-Co selective absorber for solar collectors

Abstract Optical and microstructural properties of the Al 2 O 3 -Co spectrally selective surface have been investigated. The anodic Al 2 O 3 coating is porous, and its wall thickness and void diameter are 51 nm and 30 nm respectively. The electrodeposited cobalt occupied the pores of the oxide and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies show that cobalt is partially in metallic form. The maximal optical properties of the coating are α = 0.92 and e = 0.28. The coating is stable in air up to 400 °C both under IR heating as well as under high solar flux irradiation.
Role of endogenous and induced regulatory T cells during infections.

Background Various populations of regulatory cells, including Foxp3+ TReg, have been shown to play a central role in the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis and establishment of controlled immune responses.
Evidence of linkage between the serotonin transporter and autistic disorder

The serotonin transporter gene (HTT) is a primary candidate in autistic disorder based on efficacy of potent serotonin transporter inhibitors in reducing rituals and routines. We initiated a candidate gene study of HTT in trios consisting of probands with autistic disorder and both parents. Preliminary transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) analysis with 86 families revealed no evidence for linkage or linkage disequilibrium between autistic disorder and a polymorphism in the second intron of HTT. However, preferential transmission of a short variant of the HTT promoter was found in the same 86 trios (TDT chi 2 = 4.69, 1 d.f., P = 0.030). In further analyses, we considered haplotypes of the HTT promoter variant and second intron locus as alleles in a multiallelic TDT. Results confirmed the significance of the effect of this region (TDT chi 2 = 11.85, 4 d.f., P = 0.018). This provides preliminary evidence of linkage and association between HTT and autistic disorder.
Search for transient electric field gradients acting on fast-moving ions in solids

In an attempt to explore a possible new technique for the measurement of quadrupole moments of short-lived states, we have searched for an internal quadrupole field induced by a possible transient electric field gradient acting on fast-moving ions in solids. In the measurement we attempted to detect perturbations of the angular correlation pattern of ..gamma.. rays deexciting the first 2/sup +/ states in /sup 56/Fe and /sup 24/Mg, which were both Coulomb excited in the interaction of 125-MeV /sup 56/Fe with /sup 24/Mg. No electric field gradient effect was seen (< or =10/sup 21/ V/cm/sup 2/). As a byproduct, some information was obtained on vacuum deorientation coefficients for /sup 56/Fe and /sup 24/Mg.
A rare benign intrathoracic mass in a patient with history of rocket explosion

Thoracic splenosis is rare benign condition that follows trauma leading to diaphragmatic injury. Most of the patients including ours present with a clear traumatic event leading to autotransplantation of spleen in thoracic cavity. Mostly diagnosed incidentally and we need to avoid unnecessary workup including radiological and invasive. It is a very important case which signifies importance of good history taking and initial imaging for making diagnosis and making our pulmonogist and internist aware of this diagnosis.
Catalytic behavior of carbonic anhydrase enzyme immobilized onto nonporous silica nanoparticles for enhancing CO2 absorption into a carbonate solution

Abstract Nonporous, nano-sized support materials can offer a large external surface area for enzyme immobilization and improve the activity of the immobilized enzyme by eliminating internal diffusion of a substrate. In this study, nonporous silica nanoparticles with different sizes were synthesized by a flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) method and used as support materials for immobilization of the carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme for a CO2 capture application. The immobilization conditions, such as reaction time, pH, and initial enzyme concentration, were investigated to obtain both high enzyme loading and activity. The effects of temperature and pH on the immobilized enzyme's catalytic activity were investigated. Through immobilization, the CA enzymes remained active at the elevated temperature and pH conditions expected during CO2 absorption from the flue gases. At 50 °C and pH 10.5, the activities of the immobilized enzymes were about three times that of the free enzyme. Classic Danckwerts theory for absorption with reaction was applied to calculate the enzymatic kinetics for CO2 absorption. The enzyme's thermal stability also was significantly improved by the immobilization. Compared to its free enzyme counterpart, the half-life time of the immobilized enzyme was increased by up to 4.4 times over a 30-day test period at 50 °C.
Democracy and civil war: A note on the democratic peace proposition

Democracies may not fight each other, but do they fight themselves? Despite the need to better understand internal wars, empirical investigations of the democratic peace have focused on international war between democracies. We test the effect of regime type on civil wars, a class of events that is widely overlooked in the study of conflict. We find that regime type strongly affects civil war participation.
Abnormalities of hippocampal surface structure in very mild dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Abstract To better define the pattern of hippocampal deformity early in the course of Alzheimer's disease, we compared the pattern of hippocampal surface variation in subjects with very mild dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and nondemented subjects. The surface of the hippocampus was divided a priori on a neuroanatomical template into three zones approximating the locations of underlying subfields [Csernansky, J.G., Wang, L., Swank, J., Miller, J.P., Gado, M., McKeel, D., Miller, M.I., Morris, J.C., 2005. Preclinical detection of Alzheimer's disease: hippocampal shape and volume predict dementia onset in the elderly. NeuroImage 25, 783–792]; i.e., a lateral zone (LZ) approximating the CA1 subfield, a superior zone (SZ) approximating the combined CA2, CA3, CA4 subfields and the gyrus dentatus (GD), and an inferior-medial zone (IMZ) approximating the subiculum. Large-deformation high-dimensional brain mapping (HDBM-LD) was used to generate the hippocampal surfaces of all subjects and to register the surface zones across subjects. Average variations within each zone were calculated for the subjects with very mild DAT as compared to the average of the nondemented subjects. After correcting for multiple comparisons, the very mild DAT subjects showed significant inward variation in the left and right LZ, the left and right IMZ, but not in the left and right SZ as compared to nondemented subjects. In logistic regression analyses, inward variation of the left and right LZ or IMZ by 0.1 mm relative to the average of the nondemented subjects increased the odds of the subject being a very mild DAT subject (range—1.18 to 1.57) rather than being a nondemented subject. The odds ratios for the left and right SZ were not significant. These results represent a replication of our previous findings [Csernansky, J.G., Wang, L., Joshi, S., Miller, J.P., Gado, M., Kido, D., McKeel, D., Morris, J.C., Miller, M.I., 2000. Early DAT is distinguished from aging by high-dimensional mapping of the hippocampus. Neurology 55, 1636–1643.] and suggest that inward deformities of the hippocampal surface in proximity to the CA1 subfield and subiculum can be used to distinguish subjects with very mild DAT from nondemented subjects.
Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment of Digital Thrombosis in Severe Raynaud's Phenomenon— A Case Report:

A thirty-one-year-old woman with long-standing mixed connective tissue dis ease and severe obliterative vasculopathy of the digits developed digital throm bosis of the first three digits of the lef...
REGRESSION OF MYOCARDIAL HYPERTROPHY

Regression of hypertrophy was studied in 96 adult rats following aortic debanding (dB). Controls were 146 continuously banded (B), and 116 sham-operated (S) rats. Sacrifice was at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days for LV mass, RNA, DNA and hydroxyproline (OHP). Hemodynamics were obtained at 28 days. Aortic gradients were 60-130 mmHg in B, and none in dB and S. Initial (dP/dt)p−1, in Sec−1, was lower in dB (212) than in B (235) and S (234) although not significantly. Early debanding (after 10 days of aortic constriction) showed drop in LV mass from 35% to 11% above C (P<0.001), and fall in RNA from 37% to 19% above S (P<0.05), by 3 days; thereafter dB and S values were comparable. However, DNA in dB was 32% above S (P<0.01) at 10 days, and 12% above S at 28 days (P=n.s.). Corresponding OHP levels in dB were 90% above S (P<0.001), and 80% (P<0.025) above S, respectively. Late debanding (after 28 days constriction) showed LV mass in dB still 12% above S (P<0.025) at 21 days; RNA was 34% above S (P<0.01) at 14 days. DNA and OHP remained elevated throughout the study period in dB-25% (P<0.02) and 118% (P<0.001) above S at 28 days. LV mass, RNA, DNA and OHP in B remained consistently high. Although mass and RNA regress after relief of pressure overload, the connective tissue, as measured by DNA and OHP, doesnot do so readily. Its regression is influenced by the duration of cardiac stress.
Real-time monitoring of superoxide accumulation and antioxidant activity in a brain slice model using an electrochemical cytochrome c biosensor

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species and the resulting damage are central to the pathology of many diseases. The study of the temporal and spatial accumulation of reactive oxygen species has been limited because of the lack of specific probes and techniques capable of continuous measurement. We demonstrate the use of a miniaturized electrochemical cytochrome c (Cyt c) biosensor for real-time measurements and quantitative assessment of superoxide production and inactivation by natural and engineered antioxidants in acutely prepared brain slices from mice. Under control conditions, superoxide radicals produced from the hippocampal region of the brain in 400-μm-thick sections were well within the range of detection of the electrode. Exposure of the slices to ischemic conditions increased the superoxide production twofold and measurements from the slices were stable over a 3- to 4-h period. The stilbene derivative and anion channel inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic stilbene markedly reduced the extracellular superoxide signal under control conditions, suggesting that a transmembrane flux of superoxide into the extracellular space may occur as part of normal redox signaling. The specificity of the electrode for superoxide released by cells in the hippocampus was verified by the exogenous addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which decreased the superoxide signal in a dose-dependent manner. Similar results were seen with the addition of the SOD mimetic cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria), in that the superoxide anion radical scavenging activity of nanoceria with an average diameter of 15 nm was equivalent to 527 U of SOD for each 1 μg/ml of nanoceria added. This study demonstrates the potential of electrochemical biosensors for studying real-time dynamics of reactive oxygen species in a biological model and the utility of these measurements in defining the relative contribution of superoxide to oxidative injury.
Kinesin-1 Motility Inhibited by Microtubule Defects

Microtubules (MTs) provide the basic highway system for the cell, with molecular motors providing the cargo transport. Molecular motors traverse the MT network to deliver vital nutrients throughout the cell. It has been proposed that in vivo MTs, which are free of defects, provide the best tracks for motor transport, yet no study has investigated the effect of microtubule defects on transport. Moreover, in vivo defects may result when mechanisms that maintain MTs break down. Therefore, studying motor motility in the presence of defects is an important area of interest. Unlike in vivo MTs, microtubules polymerized in vitro can have many dislocation defects in their structure, such as seam or point defects. Here, we systematically study the effects of microtubule lattice defects on the transport abilities of kinesin motor proteins. We have studied the effect a step edge defect has on kinesin-1 motility, using single molecule fluorescence imaging. We created the step edge defects by end-to-end annealing Taxol-stabilized MTs with 12-13 protofilaments to GMPCPP MTs with 14 protofilaments. We find that fewer than 20% of kinesin-1 motors traverse a defect location while the rest dissociate from the MT lattice just before the defect. We speculate that kinesin-1 motility past the defect is inhibited because the step edge results in either a change in radius, or a shift in the protofilament lattice. Consequently, kinesin-1 is unable to overcome the increased step distance. This suggests that defects do play an important role in motility.
Perceptions of controllability and other stressor event characteristics as determinants of coping among young adolescents and young adults

Young adolescents (N=146, mean age=11.35, 54% female, 81% Anglo) and young adults (N=166, mean age=20.73, 68% female, 82% Anglo) completed questionnaires assessing appraisals of and efforts to cope with three common stressful events, conflicts with mother, a friend, and a failure. For each event, participants rated appraisals of event controllability, including control over event outcomes, event predictability, and perceptions of causal locus (self-culpable, other culpable, and unknown). Additional appraisals rated included event meaningfulness, duration, frequency of occurrence, and stakes/concerns (concerns about one's or another person's well-being). Employment of five coping strategies was rated for each event. Analyses revealed significant correlations among the appraisal and coping variables across the three events. Aggregate variables were computed and significant age differences emerged from analyses of variance. Results of hierarchical multiple regressions suggest that coping is multiply determined. Perceptions of control may be significant predictors for young adolescents, and concerns about other people may be predictive of young adults' responses.
Admission oxygenation and ventilation parameters associated with discharge survival in severe pediatric traumatic brain injury

Purpose Current Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines recommend avoiding hypoxemia after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). Yet, recent studies on optimum admission oxygenation and ventilation parameters associated with discharge survival in pediatric TBI are lacking.
Results of Reinnervation of the Biceps and Brachialis Muscles with a Double Fascicular Transfer for Elbow Flexion

Purpose To report the results of a surgical technique of nerve transfer to reinnervate the brachialis muscle and the biceps muscle to restore elbow flexion after brachial plexus injury. Methods Retrospective review was performed on 6 patients who had direct nerve transfer of a single expendable motor fascicle from both the ulnar and median nerves directly to the biceps and brachialis branches of the musculocutaneous nerve. Assessment included degree of recovery of elbow flexion and ulnar and median nerve function including pinch and grip strengths. Results Clinical evidence of reinnervation was noted at a mean of 5.5 months (SD, 1 mo; range, 3.5–7 mo) after surgery and the mean follow-up period was 20.5 months (SD, 11.2 mo, range, 13–43 mo). Mean recovery of elbow flexion was Medical Research Council grade 4+. Postoperative pinch and grip strengths were unchanged or better in all patients. No motor or sensory deficits related to the ulnar or median nerves were noted and all patients maintained good hand function. No patients required additional procedures to further improve elbow flexion strength. Conclusions Transfer of expendable motor fascicles from the ulnar and median nerves successfully can reinnervate the biceps and brachialis muscles for strong elbow flexion. The reinnervation of the brachialis muscle, the primary elbow flexor, as well as the biceps muscle provides an additional biomechanical advantage that accounts for the excellent elbow flexion strength obtained using this technique. Direct coaptation of the nerve fascicles was performed without the need for nerve grafts and there was no functional or sensory donor morbidity.
Effect of aquatic exercise training in persons with poliomyelitis disability

Aquatic exercise, including swimming, reduces the effect of body weight on limbs and joints. A combination of swimming and specific activities involving resistive devices was used in an attempt to improve strength in persons who had symptomatic weakness related to poliomyelitis. Dynamic muscular force application in selected limb movements and range of motion were measured before and after an 8‐week aquatic exercise intervention. Peak (PF) and average force (AF) were determined in the water using a differential pressure transducer attached to either the hand, foot, or a resistive device. Arm flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and horizontal adduction and abduction along with combined hip flexion and knee extension were tested for both PF and AF Subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups; complete data were available on nine experimental and four control subjects. PF and AF changes were greater (p ≤ 0.05) for experimental compared with control for right arm flexion (PF, 96 ve...
A wind origin for the reflection features in quasars

An alternative origin for the X-ray reflection features in quasar spectra is proposed. Unlike the relativistic disk model, the features are formed in an accelerating wind at a relatively large distance from the central black hole. This wind model was developed to explain entirely other phenomena: the narrow and broad quasar absorption lines (NALs and BALs). The particular geometry and kinematics of the wind model also remove longstanding problems with having the quasar broad emission line region (BELR) gas be pressure confined. The wind has to be Compton thick along its flow direction, and this gives rise to a scattering and fluorescing region that must produce X-ray fluorescence and scattering features.
Suppression of plasma estradiol and progesterone concentrations by buthionine sulfoximine in female rats

Glutathione (GSH) is an important factor involved in the resistance of tumor cells to anticancer agents. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a specific inhibitor of GSH synthesis, effectively decreases cellular GSH concentrations both in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of GSH by BSO sensitizes a variety of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, BSO has been on clinical trial as an anticancer adjuvant. For this purpose, it is important to understand the effect of BSO treatment not only on the sensitivity of tumor cells to anticancer agents, but also on the metabolism and function of normal tissues. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of BSO treatment on GSH concentrations in the blood, liver, and ovary, and changes in concentrations of ovarian hormones and other important components in plasma. Female Sprague-Dawley rats, 90 days of age, were treated with 2.0 mmol/kg BSO in saline by intraperitoneal injection, twice daily for 7 days. This treatment depressed GSH concentrations in the blood, liver and ovary by 95, 75, and 85%, respectively. Several blood components were measured. These included red blood cells, hemoglobin, ceruloplasmin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin concentration, alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen, creatine and creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and hormones including estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin. BSO treatment significantly (P < 0.05) elevated and lowered plasma concentrations of ceruloplasmin and urea nitrogen, respectively, More importantly, plasma concentrations of estradiol and progesterone were decreased markedly (P < 0.05) in the BSO-treated animals. The hormonal results suggest that investigations on the role of BSO-induced GSH depletion in the treatment of malignancies both with and without hormone dependence in women should be undertaken.
Formation of calcium aluminates in the lime-sinter process part II. Kinetic study

Abstract The kinetics of the formation of CaO.Al 2 O 3 and 3CaO.Al 2 O 3 were determined. It was found that both the Ginstling-Brounshtein and the Valensi-Carter equations fit the data quite well. The apparent activation energies for CA and C 3 A are 89.8 and 45.6 Kcal/mole, respectively. A brief leaching study of the sintered samples was also performed to determine the amount of extractable alumina formed.
Application of shape-preserving spline interpolation to interactive editing of photogrammetric data

The Integrated Photogrammetric Instrument Network (IPIN) is being designed and developed by the Defense Mapping Agency Aerospace Center in St. Louis, Mo. to meet database demands for terrain elevation information. IPIN is a network of computers and instrumentation dedicated to digitizing and editing photo-source terrain data [1]. Editing procedures are required because of digitizing errors inherent in the data-collection process. Some of these errors are random; others are systematic and predictable.The techniques of one of the editing procedures being developed may find application elsewhere. The procedure of interest here involves smoothing raw data that have been collected by the operator of an analytical stereoplotter. When digitizing geomorphic features from aerial stereophotographs, the double-line drain (DLD) presents special problems. The digitizing of a DLD (a relatively broad river or stream) requires specifying trlples (x,y,z) (latitude, longitude, elevation) at points spaced along the length of each shoreline. The drain boundaries thus collected usually have acceptable latitude and longitude values. The elevation values, however, require smoothing.
Effects of methylprednisolone administration in acute myocardial infarction.

Abstract Methylprednisolone sodium succinate, 50 mg/kg body weight, was given as an intravenous bolus injection to 15 dogs with acute myocardial infarction and the results were compared with data in control animals. Methylprednisolone was thought to improve the critical oxygen balance of the infarcted heart by two mechanisms: (1) by diminishing heart rate, afterload and preload in the initial 15 minutes after its administration and thereby decreasing the oxygen need of the heart, and (2) by increasing coronary arterial blood flow. Both mechanisms were believed to contribute to the increase in cardiac output, efficiency and ventricular performance. This improvement in performance was presumably not due to a positive inotropic effect, since studies in isolated heart muscle showed no effect of methylprednisolone on contractility. Regional circulations other than the coronary circulation seemed to be little affected by administration of methylprednisolone except for blood pressure-related increases in superior mesenteric and femoral arterial blood flow.
A High Power Waveguide IMPATT Amplifier

A CW waveguide amplifier using a silicon double-drift IMPATT diode provides 10 dB gain with 2 Watts output at 11.2 GHz. A design procedure for control of frequency, gain, and bandwidth is described.
Critical limit of lattice gauge theory

Abstract The critical limit of lattice gauge theory is studied in a gauge which is optimized to make all link variables as close to unity as possible. Hadronic mass arises as the thermodynamic parameter conjugate to the constraint imposed by the restriction to the fundamental modular region (no Gribov copies). This parameter, of dimension (mass) 4 , multiplies a new term in the action which is sufficiently soft that renormalizability is preserved. The new term is made local by integration over auxiliary fields, and the resulting perturbation theory differs from the Faddeev-Popov theory by terms which are finite in every order. The renormalized theory contains a single dimensionful parameter Λ h , which sets the hadronic mass scale. To all orders in renormalized perturbation theory, the gluon propagator vanishes like k 2 at k = 0, and has a pole at imaginary ( k 2 ) = const. × Λ h 2 that describes confined gluons. Various predictions may be verified by Monte Carlo simulation and numerical gauge fixing.
A comparison of outcomes of general medical inpatient care provided by a hospitalist-physician assistant model vs a traditional resident-based model.

BACKGROUND: Residency reform in the form of work hour restrictions has forced academic medical centers to develop alternate models of care to provide inpatient care. One such model is the use of physician assistants (PAs) with hospitalists. However, these models of care have not been widely evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of inpatient care provided by a hospitalist-PA (H-PA) model with the traditional resident based model. DESIGN, SETTING and PATIENTS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 9681 general medical (GM) hospitalizations between January 2005 and December 2006 using a hospital administrative database. We used multivariable mixed models to adjust for a wide variety of potential confounders and account for multiple patient visits to the hospital to compare the outcomes of 2171 hospitalizations to H-PA teams with those of 7510 hospitalizations to resident teams (RES). MEASUREMENTS: Length of stay (LOS), charges, readmission within 7, 14, and 30 days and inpatient mortality. RESULTS: Inpatient care provided by H-PA teams was associated with a 6.73% longer LOS (P = 0.005) but charges, risk of readmission at 7, 14, and 30 days and inpatient mortality were similar to resident-based teams. The increase in LOS was dependent on the time of admission of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: H-PA team-based GM inpatient care was associated with a higher LOS but similar charges, readmission rates, and inpatient mortality to traditional resident-based teams, a finding that persisted in sensitivity analyses. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2011. © 2011 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Bonner Fellers in the Philippines: American Colonial Prototype

Bonner Fellers (1896-1973), later prominent in the American occupation of Japan, in 1936 was assigned as captain in the U.S. Army to the staff of General Douglas MacArthur in Manila. His first assignment was to organize and develop a Reserve Officers’ Service School for the newly founded Philippine Army. Fellers's letters to his wife give a private view of how he gained the confidence of both General MacArthur and Philippine Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon when from 1937 to 1940 he served both men as principal aide and supported them on a trip to Washington in 1937. Fellers multitasked remarkably well and was privy to the highest level of both the American and Philippine governments.
On generalized Stieltjes-Wigert and related orthogonal polynomials

Abstract The Charlier, Wall, and generalized Stieltjes-Wigert polynomials are characterized by a property involving the concept of kernel polynomials. This characterization leads to consideration of a certain functional equation satisfied by solutions of the associated Stieltjes moment problem. All distribution functions which satisfy this functional equation are found up to singular functions. This yields new distribution functions, both discrete and absolutely continuous, with respect to which generalized Stieltjes-Wigert polynomials are orthogonal.
Intermolecular Proton Binding in the Presence of a Large Electric Dipole: Ar-Tagged Vibrational Predissociation Spectroscopy of the CH3CN·H+·OH2 and CH3CN·D+·OD2 Complexes

We report Ar-predissociation vibrational spectra of the binary proton-bound hydrates of acetonitrile (AN), AN·H+·OH2 and AN·D+·OD2, in the 600−3800 cm−1 energy range. This complex was specifically chosen to explore the nature of the intermolecular proton bond when there is a large difference between the electric dipole moments of the two tethered molecules. Sharp, isotope-dependent bands in the vicinity of 1000 cm−1 are traced to AN·H+·OH2 vibrations involving the parallel displacement of the shared proton along the heavy atom axis, νsp(∥). These transitions lie much lower in energy than anticipated by a recently reported empirical trend which found the νsp(∥) fundamentals to be strongly correlated with the difference in proton affinities (ΔPA) between the two tethered molecules (Roscioli et al., Science, 2007, 316, 249). The different behavior of the AN·H+·OH2 complex is discussed in the context of the recent theoretical prediction (Fridgen, J. Phys. Chem A., 2006, 110, 6122) that a large disparity in di...
Monolithic tunable diode lasers

After over two decades of exploration, tunable diode lasers are beginning to find significant applications, driven largely by the huge demand for bandwidth that is guiding many developments in the optical fiber communication business today. In the paper, some of the history and key developments that have led to the technologies available today are reviewed from the perspective of the author. After discussion of some of the early work, the focus shifts to widely tunable diode lasers, which would appear to be key enablers for future dense wavelength-division multiplexing and optical switching and networking systems. The distinguishing characteristics of the current technological alternatives are summarized.
Dynamic Residential Demand Response and Distributed Generation Management in Smart Microgrid with Hierarchical Agents

Abstract Smart grid has been a significant development trend of power system. Within smart grid, microgrids share the burden of traditional grids, reduce energy consumption cost and alleviate environment deterioration. This paper proposes a dynamic Demand Response (DR) and Distributed Generation (DG) management approach in the context of smart microgrid for a residential community. With a dynamic update mechanism, the DR operates automatically and allows manual interference. The DG management coordinates with DR and considers stochastic elements, such as stochastic load and wind power, to reduce the energy consumption cost of the community. Simulation and numerical results show the effectiveness of the system on reducing the energy consumption cost while keeping users’ satisfaction at a high level.
Association of Residential Mobility with Child Health: An Analysis of the 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health

To describe the association of residential mobility with child health. We conducted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses of data from 63,131 children, 6–17 years, from the 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health. Logistic regression was used to explore the association of residential mobility with child health and measures of well-being. Analyses were carried out using SAS-callable SUDAAN to appropriately weight estimates and adjust for the complex sampling design. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, presence of a special health care need, family structure, parental education, poverty level, and health insurance status, children who moved ≥3 times were more likely to have poorer reported overall physical (AOR 1.21 [95 %CI: 1.01–1.46]) and oral health status (AOR 1.31 [95 % CI: 1.15–1.49]), and ≥1 moderate/severe chronic conditions (AOR 1.40 [95 % CI: 1.19–1.65]) than children who had no lifetime moves. When compared to children who had never moved, children who moved ≥3 times were more likely to be uninsured/have periods of no coverage (AOR 1.35; 95 % CI: 0.98–1.87) and lack a medical home (AOR 1.16, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.31). None of the outcomes were statistically significant for children who moved fewer than 3 times. Clinicians need to be aware that children who move frequently may lack stable medical homes and consistent coverage increasing their risk of poor health outcomes and aggravation of mild or underlying chronic conditions. Public health systems could provide the necessary link between parents and clinicians to ensure that continuous, coordinated care is established for children who move frequently.
Identification of dna adducts at specific locations by sequencing techniques

Abstract 1. 1. A simple procedure for the accurate identification of the positions of adduct formation when viral M13mpl8 single stranded DNA is treated with chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is presented. 2. 2. The normal dideoxy sequencing reaction protocol was employed except no dideoxy nucleotides were used to cause chain termination. 3. 3. Instead, the CAA adducted bases of the template DNA act as points of polymerase fall off causing the appearance of bands of DNA sequencing gel autoradiographs marking locations where adduct formation may have occurred.
Running large air pollution models on high speed computers

The long-range transport of air pollutants ( LRTAP ) over Europe is studied, at the Air Pollution Laboratory of the Danish Agency of Environmental Protection, by a mathematical model based on a system of partial differential equations ( PDE's ) . Four different physical processes, advection, diffusion, deposition and chemical reactions (together with emission sources), are the main components of the LRTAP . These four processes are described by different terms in the model (the system of PDE's). Since the space domain is very large (including the whole of Europe together with parts of the Atlantic Ocean, Asia and Africa), the discretization of the system of PDE's leads to huge systems of linear algebraic equations ( LAE's ) . In the three dimensional case on a 32x32x9 grid the number of LAE's that are to be solved at each time-step is more than 10^6 when 29 chemical species are involved in the model. Even if the model is considered as a two-dimensional model, the number of LAE's is still very large; more than 10^5. This explains why one should make some simplifications in the model description (which are not always very well justified physically, but lead to a model that can be handled on the computer used) and/or one should use high-speed computers. In the latter case, high performance can be achieved by efficiently implementing certain kernels which perform the bulk of the computational work. Fortunately, regular grids are to be used during the discretization of the LRTAP model. This leads to the solution of LAE's whose coefficient matrices are banded and whose solution dominates the computational load. Several such kernels for solving banded systems of LAE's will be described. Experimental results obtained on the AMDAHL VP-1100, CRAY X-MP and Alliant FX/8 will be presented and discussed.
Status of therapeutic gene transfer to treat cardiovascular disease in dogs and cats.

Abstract Gene therapy is a procedure resulting in the transfer of a gene(s) into an individual’s cells to treat a disease, which is designed to produce a protein or functional RNA (the gene product). Although most current gene therapy clinical trials focus on cancer and inherited diseases, multiple studies have evaluated the efficacy of gene therapy to abrogate various forms of heart disease. Indeed, human clinical trials are currently underway. One goal of gene transfer may be to express a functional gene when the endogenous gene is inactive. Alternatively, complex diseases such as end stage heart failure are characterized by a number of abnormalities at the cellular level, many of which can be targeted using gene delivery to alter myocardial protein levels. This review will discuss issues related to gene vector systems, gene delivery strategies and two cardiovascular diseases in dogs successfully treated with therapeutic gene delivery.
How Farmers Viewed Farm and Food Policy Issues Compared with Selected Provisions of the 1977 Agricultural Act

During November and December 1976, opinion surveys of a sample of commercial farmers were taken in Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee to determine farmers' views on current issues relating to farm legislation that Congress would consider during 1977. The only differences in the questionnaires were inclusion of questions about commodities grown in the South that would not apply in the Midwest.
Weak interactions in hot nucleon matter

The reaction rates for electron capture, neutrino absorption, and neutrino scattering in hot asymmetric nuclear matter are calculated with two-body effective interactions and one-body effective weak operators obtained from realistic models of nuclear forces by use of correlated basis theory. The infinite system is modeled in a box with periodic boundary conditions, and the one-quasiparticle quasi-hole response functions are calculated with a large microcanonical sample and the Tamm-Dancoff approximation. Results for matter at a temperature of 10 MeV, proton fraction 0.4, and densities $\ensuremath{\rho}=(\frac{1}{2},1,\frac{3}{2}){\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$, where ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ is the equilibrium density of symmetric nuclear matter, are presented to illustrate the method. In general, the strength of the response is shifted to higher-energy transfers when compared with that of a noninteracting Fermi gas. The shift in the response and the weakness of effective operators as compared with the bare operators significantly reduce the cross sections for electron capture and neutrino scattering by factors of $~2.5$--$3.5$. In contrast, the symmetry energy enhances the neutrino absorption reaction rate relative to the Fermi gas. However, this reaction rate is still quite small because of Pauli blocking.