cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Differential requirement for MEK Partner 1 in DU145 prostate cancer cell migration

ERK signaling regulates focal adhesion disassembly during cell movement, and increased ERK signaling frequently contributes to enhanced motility of human tumor cells. We previously found that the ERK scaffold MEK Partner 1 (MP1) is required for focal adhesion disassembly in fibroblasts. Here we test the hypothesis that MP1-dependent ERK signaling regulates motility of DU145 prostate cancer cells. We find that MP1 is required for motility on fibronectin, but not for motility stimulated by serum or EGF. Surprisingly, MP1 appears not to function through its known binding partners MEK1 or PAK1, suggesting the existence of a novel pathway by which MP1 can regulate motility on fibronectin. MP1 may function by regulating the stability or expression of paxillin, a key regulator of motility.
Numerical Simulation of Electrochemical Planarization of Copper Overburden

Numerical simulations are employed to demonstrate the daunting challenges involved in utilizing electrochemical polishing technologies as an alternative to low-down-force chemical mechanical planarization. Results show that small-aspect-ratio topographical features sitting on a relatively thin overburden are impossible to planarize by conventional electropolishing. Electrochemical mechanical planarization (E-CMP), where an anodic dissolution process is coupled with a polishing pad, is a more viable approach. Numerical simulations are compared to results obtained by E-CMP as a means of establishing an effective diffusion-layer thickness and as further demonstration of the infeasibility of electropolishing.
An Exploration of Racial Differences in Deviant Sexual Interests Among Male Adolescent Sexual Offenders

In many research studies and findings from federal statistics, one of the few areas wherein African Americans are less overrepresented in incarcerated settings is for male juvenile sexual assault. In this study, using a large sample the authors hypothesized that perhaps this was due to less deviant sexual interest among these youth (as reported in prior studies) after controlling for relevant variables that might explain differences in deviant arousal between Caucasian and African American youth. The result supported this hypothesis. The authors offered discussion, implications, and suggested individually and culturally based treatment for male adolescent sexual offenders.
THE SELECTION OF CLIENTS BY SOCIAL WELFARE AGENCIES: THE CASE OF THE BLIND*

The purpose of social welfare is to promote the social betterment of a class or group of people who are defined as disadvantaged, handicapped, or deprived. A set of common problems are attributed to such persons based upon the nature of the trait or quality which sets them apart from the rest of society. Programs of social welfare are then planned to meet the needs which arise out of these problems. It is believed that the form and
A telehealth behavioral coaching intervention for neurocognitive disorder family carers

Objectives This study examined the differential impact of two telehealth programs for women caring for an older adult with a neurocognitive disorder. Outcomes examined were depressive symptoms, upset following disruptive behaviors, anxious and angry mood states, and caregiving self-efficacy. Methods Women cohabitating with a family member diagnosed with a neurocognitive disorder were assigned via random allocation to either of the following: (1) a 14-week behavioral intervention using video instructional materials, workbook and telephone coaching in behavioral management, pleasant events scheduling, and relaxation or (2) a basic education guide and telephone support comparison condition. Telephone assessments were conducted by interviewers blind to treatment condition at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6 months following intervention. Results For those providing in-home care at post-treatment, depressive symptoms, upset following disruptive behaviors, and negative mood states were statistically lower in the behavioral coaching condition than in the basic education and support condition. Reliable change index analyses for Beck Depression Inventory II scores favored the behavioral coaching condition. Caregiving self-efficacy scores for obtaining respite and for managing patient behavioral disturbances were significantly higher in the coaching condition. Effect sizes were moderate but not maintained at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions This study provides some initial evidence for the efficacy of a telehealth behavioral coaching intervention compared with basic education and telephone support. Carers' abilities to maintain strategy use during progressive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease likely require longer intervention contact than provided in the current study. Dementia carers, including those living in rural areas, can benefit from accessible and empirically supported interventions that can be easily disseminated across distances at modest cost. © 2015 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heparins: Clinical Use and Laboratory Monitoring

Heparin has long been used as an anti-thrombotic to treat and prevent thromboembolic events, as well as for systemic anti-coagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass and dialysis. Heparin continues to have distinct advantages when intense anti-coagulation is needed, but newer low molecular weight derivatives of heparin (LMWH) have advantages in the management of thromboembolism. One advantage of LMWH is that they often do not require laboratory monitoring; when monitoring is indicated it can be done with an anti-factor Xa activity assay. Monitoring is recommended for heparin because the patient response to a given dose is highly variable. The aPTT and anti-Xa assays are used for monitoring. However, the therapeutic ranges have not been rigorously validated, and current monitoring is not highly predictive of patient outcome. * LMWH : low molecular weight heparin UFH : unfractionated heparin AT : anti-thrombin SERPIN : serine protease inhibitor RCL : reactive center loop HIT : heparin-induced thrombocytopenia aPTT : activated partial thromboplastin time ACT : Activated Clotting Time PTT : partial thromboplastin time CAP : College of American Pathologists
Reversible intercalation of hexagonal boron nitride with Brønsted acids.

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is an insulating compound that is structurally similar to graphite. Like graphene, single sheets of BN are atomically flat, and they are of current interest in few-layer hybrid devices, such as transistors and capacitors, that contain insulating components. While graphite and other layered compounds can be intercalated by redox reactions and then converted chemically to suspensions of single sheets, insulating BN is not susceptible to oxidative intercalation except by extremely strong oxidizing agents. We report that stage-1 intercalation compounds can be formed by simple thermal drying of h-BN in Bronsted acids H2SO4, H3PO4, and HClO4. X-ray photoelectron and vibrational spectra, as well as electronic structure and molecular dynamics calculations, demonstrate that noncovalent interactions of these oxyacids with the basic N atoms of the sheets drive the intercalation process.
Optically computing the hit-miss transform for an automated cervical smear screening system.

The hit–miss transform serves as a region-of-interest locator for cells from cervical smear images that show abnormal changes, which are indicative of malignancy, in their nuclei. An optical implementation of the hit–miss transform algorithm uses an analog spatial light modulator for gray-scale modulation at the filter plane of a 4f optical correlator. Gray-scale modulation at the filter plane improves correlator performance in comparison with a binary phase-only filter (BPOF) by reduction of the edge enhancement of kernels used in morphological detection of cancerous cervical cells. The hit–miss transform with a gray-scale amplitude and binary phase optical filter (GABPOF) for the hit filter and a BPOF for the miss filter shows a 47% reduction in total error versus the use of only BPOF filters to locate abnormal cells.
Susceptibility of human primary neuronal cells to Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related (XMRV) virus infection

Background: Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related (XMRV) virus is a recently identified mouse gammaretrovirus that has the ability to infect certain human cells. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of primary neuronal cell types to infection with XMRV. Findings: We observed that the human primary progenitors, progenitor-derived neurons, and progenitor-derived astrocytes supported XMRV multiplication. Interestingly, both progenitors and progenitor-derived neurons were more susceptible compared with progenitor-derived astrocytes. In addition, XMRV-infected Jurkat cells were able to transmit infection to neuronal cells.
An Atypical Phr Peptide Regulates the Developmental Switch Protein RapH

Under conditions of nutrient limitation and high population density, the bacterium Bacillus subtilis can initiate a variety of developmental pathways. The signaling systems regulating B. subtilis differentiation are tightly controlled by switch proteins called Raps, named after the founding members of the family, which were shown to be response regulator aspartate phosphatases. A phr gene encoding a secreted pentapeptide that regulates the activity of its associated Rap protein was previously identified downstream of 8 of the chromosomally encoded rap genes. We identify and validate here the sequence of an atypical Phr peptide, PhrH, by in vivo and in vitro analyses. Using a luciferase reporter bioassay combined with in vitro experiments, we found that PhrH is a hexapeptide (TDRNTT), in contrast to the other characterized Phr pentapeptides. We also determined that phrH expression is driven by a promoter lying within rapH. Unlike the previously identified dedicated σH-driven phr promoters, it appears that phrH expression most likely requires σA. Furthermore, we show that PhrH can antagonize both of the known activities of RapH: the dephosphorylation of Spo0F and the sequestration of ComA, thus promoting the development of spores and the competent state. Finally, we propose that PhrH is the prototype of a newly identified class of Phr signaling molecules consisting of six amino acids. This class likely includes PhrI, which regulates RapI and the expression, excision, and transfer of the mobile genetic element ICEBs1.
Data Management in Accountable Care Organizations: A Review of the Literature

Data-related and organizational processes in Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) have received some attention in the past several years, due in large part to the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. ACOs represent integrated health care systems that will be responsible for the quality and cost of care they provide to Centers of Medicare Services (CMS) beneficiaries. The research conducted since 2000 on the application of data management to ACOs shows a fragmented literature stream. This paper presents an organizing framework for the literature on data management in ACOs. It illustrates how the elements of data management are impacted by four distinct factors of ACOs: provider integration, risk management, incentive methods, and change management. Based on this framework, this review analyzes and integrates the literature in order to identify where findings converge and where gaps exist. So far, research has primarily focused on singular to topics of these four factors and on systems for measurement and improvement. The question on how data systems need to access, measure, report and improve performance for ACOs remains generally unexplored. This review concludes with a summary of the current state of the literature and discusses some avenues for future investigation.
The Role of Genetics in Inhibitor Formation

Introduction: Treatment of hemorrhages in patients with inherited severe hemophilia A is dependent on transfusion replacement therapy with either plasma-derived or recombinant factor VIII concentrates.1 Hemorrhages become very difficult to treat after inhibitors develop, resulting in significant decreases in quality-of-life and life expectancy.2-6 Strategies to treat hemorrhages in the face of an inhibitor include the use of “bypass” therapy with activated and nonactivated prothrombin complex concentrates, high-dose factor VIII, porcine factor VIII, and recombinant factor VIIa. None of these is as effective as treatment of the noninhibitor patient with factor VIII.2,6 Therefore, several strategies to induce tolerance to factor VIII administration have been attempted, including administration of daily high-dose intravenous infusions of factor VIII concentrate alone, or in combination with, immune-modulating therapy.2,6 These strategies are extraordinarily difficult and expensive and are frequently unsuccessful, particularly when the inhibitor is well established. Thus, the ability to predict which patients are at risk for inhibitor development and to identify factors that predispose to inhibitor development would allow investigation of therapies targeted to prevent the establishment of the inhibitor response or to provide the ability to initiate early and, thus, more effective, immune tolerance induction for those at risk.
Decision-making Systems: Personal and Collective

The leading models for personal choice are maximizing utility (equilibrating marginal utilities) and satisficing (looking for an object that meets a manageable set of specified criteria). The models do not carry over easily to collective choice. Especially problematic is collective choice that is to be aggregated from personal preferences. Social choice theory undermines such aggregations logically. However, even if its theorems are set aside, and heavy reliance is put upon the market or market-like processes to avoid problems with voting, problems beset democratic collective choice wherever it is resorted to. They include free riding (shirking contributions to public goods), failing to turn out to vote, and habitually omitting to keep up with political details. Yet these problems do not preclude intelligent democratic choice on some important issues—e.g., grand absurdities like the failed ‘War on Drugs’ and the horrific associated rate of imprisonment in the United States. Voters do not need to know the names of their Senators to support remedies to unambiguous disasters.
Introduction: Opportunity in America—Setting the Stage

Opportunity has long been the bedrock of American society. Today, however, the solid foundation that once grounded the lives of millions is fracturing along economic and social lines. Human capital, encompassing a broad set of cognitive and interpersonal skills, has become increasingly important in determining labor market outcomes as the evolving economic landscape, shaped by the interplay of globalization and technology, as well as governmental and business policies, changes who is working and what they are paid. There is now also a tighter link between human and social capital, which is the set of networks, norms, and values that serve to foster development and success. The strengthening of this relationship has contributed to a polarization in the accumulation of human and social capital that translates into distinctly different life outcomes for individuals. This changing landscape also affects the intergenerational transmission of opportunity, with children’s circumstances at birth becoming more determinative of their prospects as adults. This introduction sets the stage for the chapters that follow, which offer perspectives on opportunity from fields ranging from education and demography to economics and political science. The authors of these chapters, national leaders in their fields, offer their insights into policies and practices that could help us move forward to improve equality of opportunity and better realize America’s values and ideals.
Applications of Therapeutic Apheresis in Patients with Malignant Disease

Therapeutic apheresis (TA) provides the means for the removal of blood components that are abnormal or that circulate in excessive amounts and have a defined pathogenetic role, or are thought to have one. Multiple disease processes have been treated with TA at one time or another, but scientific assessment of the therapeutic effects of the procedure has lagged behind application of the technology. This led the American Medical Association and the American Society for Apheresis to publish position papers on the proper applications of TA. In the field of oncology, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and related procedures may be the treatment of choice for some conditions (e.g., TPE for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, therapeutic leukapheresis for extreme leukocytosis in acute myelogenous leukemia, etc.), or may represent a promising therapeutic modality whose efficacy needs to be established by randomized controlled trials in the future (e.g., photopheresis for the treatment of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease). Some applications should be considered strictly investigational, and should be offered to patients only if they are part of an approved research protocol (e.g., extracorporeal immunoadsorption with staphylococcal protein A for non-hematologic cancer). Routine use of TA should be restricted to conditions where the benefit has been established by controlled studies or the best available evidence. The Oncologist 1997;2:94-103
Boosted Sparse Non-linear Distance Metric Learning

This paper proposes a boosting-based solution addressing metric learning problems for high-dimensional data. Distance measures have been used as natural measures of (dis)similarity and served as the foundation of various learning methods. The efficiency of distance-based learning methods heavily depends on the chosen distance metric. With increasing dimensionality and complexity of data, however, traditional metric learning methods suffer from poor scalability and the limitation due to linearity as the true signals are usually embedded within a low-dimensional nonlinear subspace. In this paper, we propose a nonlinear sparse metric learning algorithm via boosting. We restructure a global optimization problem into a forward stage-wise learning of weak learners based on a rank-one decomposition of the weight matrix in the Mahalanobis distance metric. A gradient boosting algorithm is devised to obtain a sparse rank-one update of the weight matrix at each step. Nonlinear features are learned by a hierarchical expansion of interactions incorporated within the boosting algorithm. Meanwhile, an early stopping rule is imposed to control the overall complexity of the learned metric. As a result, our approach guarantees three desirable properties of the final metric: positive semi-definiteness, low rank and element-wise sparsity. Numerical experiments show that our learning model compares favorably with the state-of-the-art methods in the current literature of metric learning.
Medicare's Vision for Advanced Primary Care: New Directions for Care Delivery and Payment.

This Viewpoint discusses alternative payment models that reward value and quality, focusing on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ Comprehensive Primary Care Plus model for advanced primary care medical homes.
Acoustic correlates of lexical stress in Uyghur

The present study examined lexical stress patterns in Uyghur, a Turkic language. The main goal of this research was to isolate and determine which acoustic parameters provide cues to stress in Uyghur. A number of studies have investigated the phonetic correlates of lexical stress across the world's languages, with stressed syllables often longer in duration, higher in pitch, and greater in amplitude. The present study systematically investigated the acoustic cues to stress in Uyghur, examining duration, fundamental frequency, and amplitude. Three experiments were conducted: one utilizing minimal pairs in Uyghur, one examining disyllabic nouns in Uyghur that contrasted in the first syllable, and one investigating the interaction of lexical stress with Uyghur sentence intonation. The data consistently show that duration was a robust cue to stress in Uyghur, with less consistent effects for intensity. The data also clearly show that fundamental frequency was not a cue to lexical stress in Uyghur. Uyghur does not use the fundamental frequency to distinguish stressed from unstressed syllables. The results suggest that Uyghur does not pattern like a pitch-accent language (e.g. Turkish), but rather like a stress-accent language.
Analysis on Subtypes in Different Groups of HIV-1 Infectors

Objective To study the subtypes distribution of HIV-1 newly infected individuals in different groups in Hebei Province during 2008. Methods We collected blood of 63 HIV-1 newly infected individuals and separated plasma specimens from the blood samples. RNAs were extracted and amplified by RT-PCR and nest-PCR. The PCR products were sequenced directly and phylogenetic analysis was performed.The subtypes distribution was studied in different groups. Results Among the 58 cases of HIV-1 infections who were diagnosed with the subtypes, there were 5 subtypes including B,CRF01_AE,CRF07-BC,CRF08-BC and C in 4 infected groups through sex transmit, drug-taking, blood transfusion and some unknown reason. The infected group through sex transmit mainly consisted of subtype B (42.1%)and CRF01_AE(34.2%)but the five subtypes of virus all existed.Those infected through blood transfusion were mainly B,and those of drug takings were all with CRF07_BC.Among the rest, subtypes were relatively complex, containing four subtypes except subtype C. Conclusion The subtypes distribution of HIV-1 newly infector in Hebei province had significant characteristic in different groups.
Removal of stray radiation from warm shields in cooled infrared optical systems

Stray radiation may be introduced after warm shields are mounted in cooled infrared systems.The stray radiation consists of radiation and reflection from the warm shields.Since it degrades the SNR,dynamic range and image quality of the system,it shall be avoided by design.The stray radiation was analyzed based on the theory of radiation and heat transfer,and NETD was calculated.The scheme to avoid stray light effects was proposed and verified by ray tracing.The stray radiation of flat shields and spherical reflective shields was analyzed and compared in LIGHT TOOLS.Stray radiation effects were avoided if spherical reflective warm shields with proper radius are properly positioned.A spherical reflective warm shield with radius 30.3mm was used to replace the original flat one,and the stray radiation dropped by more than 99%.
Effect of chronic bile duct obstruction on renal handling of calcium and magnesium.

Abstract The effect of chronic biliary tract obstruction, produced by the ligation of the common bile duct, on the renal handling of calcium and magnesium was evaluated in 7 mongrel dogs. Studies were carried out in the same animals before and 4 to 7 weeks after the ligation procedure. The increases in the excretion rates of calcium and magnesium during expansion of extracellular fluid volume were significantly lower in experiments after bile duct ligation than in control studies. The relationships between the fractional excretion of calcium and sodium and of magnesium and sodium were not affected by bile duct ligation. The results indicate that chronic bile duct ligation not only alters the renal handling of sodium, as has already been shown, but also that of calcium and magnesium.
Role of TGF-β-induced Claudin-4 expression through c-Jun signaling in non-small cell lung cancer

Claudin-4 has been identified as an integral member of tight junctions and has been found to be upregulated in various types of cancers especially in metastatic cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of the upregulation of Claudin-4 and its role in lung tumorigenesis are unknown. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of Claudin-4 on migration and tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells and to examine the regulatory effects of TGF-β on Claudin-4 expression. We have observed that TGF-β induces the expression of Claudin-4 dramatically in lung cell lines in a time dependent manner. TGF-β-induced Smad signaling is important for enhancing Claudin-4 mRNA level through inducing its promoter activity. Treatment with curcumin, a c-Jun inhibitor, or stable knockdown of c-Jun abrogates TGF-β-induced Claudin-4 expression suggesting an involvement of the c-Jun pathway. Notably, TGF-β-induced Claudin-4 expression through c-Jun pathway plays a role in TGF-β-mediated motility and tumorigenicity of these cells. In support of these observations, we have uncovered that Claudin-4 is upregulated in 14 of 24 (58%) lung tumors when compared with normal lung tissue. This is the first study to show how TGF-β regulates the expression of Claudin-4 through c-Jun signaling and how this pathway contributes to the migratory and tumorigenic phenotype of lung tumor cells.
Investigation of the Toxicity and Cellular Uptake of Na4[B20H17SH] in EMT6 Cells

The development of boron-containing compounds for application in the boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of cancer is not only dependent on the synthesis of appropriate compounds, but also the biological evaluation of tumor uptake and retention, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics. Unilamellar liposomes of a specific size and composition have been shown to deliver polyhedral borane compounds having little or no inherent tumor specificity to the tumor mass. Compounds with suitable reactivity are retained by the tumor in therapeutic amounts and other compounds, which lack suitable reactivity, are rapidly cleared from all tissues.1,2 Based on the proposed mechanisms of retention, the thiol derivative, Na4[B20H17SH], was prepared for investigation.3 This compound possesses two characteristics known to enhance tumor retention: the thiol substituent, analogous to the known Na2B12H11SH (BSH), and the potential to oxidize to a more reactive species, Na2[B20H17SH]. Although the gross distribution of boron was elucidated from the murine biodistribution4 of the encapsulated compound, the cellular toxicity and pharmacokinetics of the encapsulated polyhedral borane was unknown.
Scientific, Legal and Ethical Issues in Reproductive Research

The past decade has witnessed dramatic advances in reproductive technology and its clinical applications. The societal implications of research in the reproductive sciences have been the focus of attention, and investigators and clinicians in the field find themselves in the vertex of a whirlpool of ethical and legal deliberations. Huxley’s 1984 is now three years behind us and possibilities of genetic manipulation and, even cloning have conjured up the image projected in his “Brave New World.” As attention is focused on later reproductive events, fetal experimentation becomes the issue. Most recently, a series of court-ordered obstetrical interventions, many based on dubious legal grounds, coupled with expanding physicians’ liability, has compounded the ethical issues surrounding late pregnancy (1,2). The fundamental question as to how new knowledge will be used cannot be separated from the issues surrounding the initial appropriateness of the experimentation which would generate the new information. John Ziman, Chairman of the Council for Science and Society of London, put it aptly when he stated, “A society holds together by the rules that people are bound to obey. Human behavior varies surprisingly from country to country and from era to era. But however bizarre it may appear to the outsider, it must always follow the constraints of biological reality. The trouble with science is that it changes biological reality. The boundary conditions on the rules of social behavior are suddenly altered, and many people become very frightened” (3).
Isolation and characterization of membrane drug receptors.

In 1964, an attempt by the author to summarize the then current views of the basic mechanisms of drug action ended with the prediction that exciting developments in this area of pharmacology could be anticipated within the subsequent few years [1]. At that time the only drug receptors that had been isolated and purified were certain soluble and membrane-bound enzymes and nucleic acids with which specific drugs interact to produce their pharmacologic effects. Membrane-bound drug receptors which do not have a known enzymic function have been more difficult to characterize and isolate although in recent years, especially since 1970, considerable progress has been made. It is appropriate, therefore, in this jubilee volume, to review the recent advances that have occurred in this rapidly developing area.
Kont: Computing tradeoffs in normative multiagent systems

We propose Kont, a formal framework for comparing normative multiagent systems (nMASs) by computing tradeoffs among liveness (something good happens) and safety (nothing bad happens). Safety-focused nMASs restrict agents' actions to avoid undesired enactments. However, such restrictions hinder liveness, particularly in situations such as medical emergencies. We formalize tradeoffs using norms, and develop an approach for understanding to what extent an nMAS promotes liveness or safety. We propose patterns to guide the design of an nMAS with respect to liveness and safety, and prove their correctness. We further quantify liveness and safety using heuristic metrics for an emergency healthcare application. We show that the results of the application corroborate our theoretical development.
Targeted reinnervation strategies to restore upper limb function

Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) combines surgery and engineering to restore intuitive control of upper limb function. Advances in bioprostheses, myoelectric systems, and reconstructive surgery have allowed patients to achieve a greater range of complex functional movements. The collaborative effort of surgeons, bioengineers, and rehabilitation specialists has transformed TMR into a promising option for select upper limb amputees.
Inner-shell chemistry under high pressure

Chemistry at ambient conditions has implicit boundaries rooted in the atomic shell structure: the inner-shell electrons and the unoccupied outer-shell orbitals do not contribute as the major component to chemical reactions and in chemical bonds. These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions. We review the recent progresses in high-pressure chemistry demonstrating that the above rules can be violated under extreme conditions. Using a first principles computation method and crystal structure search algorithm, we demonstrate that stable compounds involving inner shell electrons such as CsF3, CsF5, HgF3, and HgF4 can form under high external pressure and may present exotic properties. We also discuss experimental studies that have sought to confirm these predictions. Employing our recently developed hard X-ray photochemistry methods in a diamond anvil cell, we show promising early results toward realizing inner shell chemistry experimentally.
A prospective analysis of surgery and survival in stage IV breast cancer (TBCRC 013).

1006Background: TBCRC 013 is a multicenter prospective registry study evaluating the role of surgery for the primary tumor in de novo Stage IV disease. Methods: From 7/09-4/12, 127 pts from 14 sites were enrolled in 2 cohorts (A: Stage IV with intact primary (n = 112); B: metastases within 3 mos of primary surgery (n = 15)). All patients received 1st-line systemic therapy per treating physician. In Cohort A, patients classified as responders to 1st-line therapy (partial, complete, or stable distant disease) were referred to discuss elective surgery. Patient and tumor characteristics, response to systemic therapy and surgery of the primary tumor were correlated with 3yr overall survival (OS) using log rank, Kaplan Meier and Cox regression. Results: Among 112 pts in Cohort A, median pt age was 51yrs (21-77), median primary tumor size 3.2cm (0.8-15cm), median follow-up 54 mos (range 34-78). Subtypes were ER+HER2-, 71 (63%); ER+HER2+, 24 (21%); ER-HER2+, 9 (8%); ER-HER2-, 8 (7%). 3yr OS was 70% (95%CI, 63-79)...
The effect of composition on Tc in some high Tc A-15 structure super conductors

Abstract We discuss the effect of composition on T c for Nb 3 X where X = Ge, Ga, Al, Sn and Pt on the Nb rich side of stoichiometry. The concentration dependence (average slope) of T c for all the materials is between −1.3 and −2.6 K per atomic % Nb. To within the accuracy of the data no systematic variation is found between the slopes of T c and the highest values of T c observed in these systems. The highest observed T c in each system occurs at or near the stoichiometric composition. Comparison with radiation damage results suggests that the disorder introduced by deviations from stoichiometry is a major cause of the depression of T c .
A RATING SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING TAWNY MOLE CRICKET, SCAPTERISCUS VICINUS SCUDDER, DAMAGE (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLOTALPIDAE)

Scapterisus vicirtus Scudder mole cricket abundance as determined from soap flush counts was compared to a rating system. Soap flush counts linearly increased with an increase in rating (P < 0.0001...
The scientometric portrait of Eugene Garfield through the free ResearcherID service from the Web of Science Core Collection of 67 million master records and 1.3 billion references

Eugene Garfield came up with the idea of citation-based searching in the early 1950s, and followed it by releasing three unique databases, for the Sciences, Social Sciences, and Arts & Humanities, as well as a yearly Journal Citations Report for the Sciences and thee Social Sciences. It took more than four decades before other database publishers started to add the cited references to their indexing/abstracting records. The Google Scholar database has been built on Garfield’s original idea, and broadly idolized as a free database. Garfield’s ultimate response -among others- was to release a database to allow the users to look up by author names or identification code. This article paints a scientometric portrait of Garfield as a tribute, demonstrating and commenting on how many times his ouvre was cited by, in which sources (processed for the Citation Indexes), when and where, from which countries and institutions, in which format.
Greater vegetable variety and amount are associated with lower prevalence of coronary heart disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2014

The 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) provides specific intake recommendations for vegetable variety and amount in order to protect against chronic disease. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the link between DGA recommended vegetable variety and cardiometabolic disease. To address this research gap, our aim was to estimate the relationship between vegetable variety, vegetable amount, and prevalent cardiometabolic disease subtypes, and to assess potential determinants of vegetable variety. Data on food intake and reported cardiometabolic disease status were acquired for 38,981 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2014). Vegetable variety was measured using a modified dietary diversity index that was adjusted for the potential confounding effects of vegetable amount. Temporal trends in vegetable variety and amount were assessed using univariate linear regression models. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between vegetable variety and prevalent disease, and between vegetable amount and prevalent disease. Multivariate ordered logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between vegetable variety and explanatory variables. Overall, vegetable variety decreased (P = 0.035) from 1999 to 2014, but vegetable amount did not (P = 0.864). Intake of starchy vegetables decreased (P < 0.001), and intake of dark green vegetables increased (P < 0.001) over this 16-year period, but no trends were observed for other subgroups. An inverse linear relationship was observed between vegetable variety and prevalent coronary heart disease (P-trend = 0.032) but not other prevalent diseases; and between vegetable amount and coronary heart disease (P-trend = 0.026) but not other prevalent diseases. Individuals who reported consuming dark green vegetables had lower odds of having cardiovascular disease (0.86, 95% CI: 0.74–0.99) and coronary heart disease (0.78, 0.65–0.94) compared to individuals who reported not consuming any green vegetables. Living with a domestic partner was associated with greater vegetable variety (P = < 0.001), and currently smoking was associated with lower vegetable variety (P = < 0.001). Vegetable variety and amount were positively associated (P < 0.001). Vegetable variety and amount were inversely associated with prevalent coronary heart disease. Vegetable variety was strongly associated with vegetable amount, likely mediated by reduced habituation and increased liking. Increasing vegetable variety and amount are still important messages for the public.
Defining low-value PSA testing in a large retrospective cohort: Finding common ground between discordant guidelines.

Abstract Background Reports of low-value prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing (testing in which the harms outweigh the benefits) generally employ population level data sources. While such results may be generalizable, they often lack the detail necessary to understand provider clinical decision making and guideline concordance. Using a retrospective study of PSA testing at our institution we intend to characterize the frequency and patterns associated with low-value PSA testing. Methods We leveraged the electronic health record to determine guideline-defined low-value testing in our health system from 07/01/2012 to 06/30/2017. Secondarily, we measured the between-testing interval for repeat tests and the rates of prostate cancer risk factors and comorbidities among men receiving screening. Results Overall, 21,145 PSA tests were performed on 12,303 men. The rate of low-value testing ranged from 23.4 to 56.8%, depending upon the specific guideline. For repeat tests, the median between-testing interval was 12.6 months. Risk factors for prostate cancer were uncommon, but more frequent in men age 70 years) were more likely to have a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 3, compared to the 55–69 reference group (31.4% vs. 17.3%, p Conclusion Low-value prostate cancer testing is prevalent. Between-testing intervals were often times shorter than recommended. Screening among younger men was frequent despite low rates of risk factors. High rates of comorbidity may limit life expectancy among older men receiving screening. These findings highlight the need for improved guidance with prostate cancer screening.
Record Linking Techniques in the Utah Population Database to Improve Linking Rates of Hispanics

IntroductionHispanic naming conventions frequently follow historical traditions. A person’s name consists of a given name or names followed by the father’s first surname and the mother’s first surname or reversed if the parents wish. The challenge occurs in keying and linking these non-standard names resulting in a potential linking bias. Objectives and ApproachHistorically the Utah Population Database (UPDB) has combined multiple surnames into a single surname to standardize names such as VAN WINKLE, however this resulted in Hispanic surnames combined into nonsensical names, for example ‘MARTINEZCRUZ’ that were difficult to match to surnames stored in separate fields in assorted combinations. The objective of this study was to see if name specific frequencies and name arrays created with the second and third given name, maiden name and surname allowed for ultimate flexibility in matching to records which did not adhere to any standardized keying convention and resulted in better linking results. ResultsA “Gold Standard” set of Hispanic individuals with multiple record sources in UPDB and the presence of two names in the surname field were evaluated. Two Linking approaches, one using the UPDB standard methodology and the other using name arrays were compared. Both methodologies resulted in high linking rates into complete or partial sets of records per individual. Overall, the array methodology linked more records into complete sets than the standard (94.7% cf. 82.6%). Using arrays, males linked at a higher rate than females and persons from Spanish speaking countries linked at the highest rate compared with USA born or other countries. However, there was an increase in incorrect links using arrays. Name frequency distributions specific to Hispanics also proved important. Conclusion/ImplicationsThis study found weights based on frequencies specific to the population being linked is critical to complete linking. Using name arrays for Hispanics was most effective in males with indicators of strong ethnic ties. However, the cost of using arrays was an increase in incorrect links and further refinement is needed.
Teaching Psychiatrists Neurology through E-Learning: A Model Curriculum (P1.010)

Objective: To propose a neurology e-learning model curriculum targeted towards meeting the educational needs of psychiatry trainees. Background: Psychiatry residents are required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) to complete two months of full-time neurology training. Little data exists on best practices and outcomes of neurology training for psychiatry residents. What data do exist suggest that clinical and didactic training are rarely specifically tailored to psychiatry residents’ educational needs. Providing specialized neurology didactics to psychiatry residents has the potential to enrich the neurology experience for trainees, but requires significant allocation of educational resources. Use of a reproducible, standardized e-learning curriculum allows for targeted neurology didactics while minimizing faculty and administrative requirements. Design/Methods: A model curriculum for a 10-module e-learning series was developed consisting of interactive, multimedia lectures implementing learning-theory derived principles such as technical scaffolding and spaced repetition of important topics. Results: Key topics were determined based on a literature review and ACGME milestones and include neuroanatomy and the neurological exam, dementia, neurology in the inpatient psychiatric setting, and neuropsychiatry of major neurologic disorders. The curriculum will be instituted to all psychiatric residents at a large urban community hospital starting in July of 2018. Outcomes data will be gathered, including the effect of the curriculum on Psychiatry Resident In-Service Training Examination (PRITE) neurology subsection scores, interest in neurology, and confidence in the care of patients with neuropsychiatric conditions. Conclusions: The public health burden of neuropsychiatric disorders such as dementia, traumatic brain injury, and delirium demand an interdisciplinary approach to treatment that incorporates neurologically able psychiatrists. Currently the neurologic training for psychiatry residents is lacking in standardization and measurement. We propose an innovative electronic neurology curriculum with the long-term goal of increasing standardization and applicability of neurology training for psychiatry residents nationally. Disclosure: Dr. Jacoby has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dixit has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shalev has nothing to disclose.
Management of Ulcerative Colitis in Patients with Rectal Cancer

While medical therapy is the first line of treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC), proctocolectomy can provide a curative option. Approximately 20% of patients with ulcerative colitis will require surgery in their lifetime [1]. Indications for surgery are medically refractory disease, complicated disease, extraintestinal manifestations, toxic colitis, failure to thrive, dysplasia and cancer. In most cases, a restorative proctocolectomy with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the preferred method to provide concurrent cure of ulcerative colitis and reconstruction of the gastrointestinal tract. The risk of developing colorectal cancer with ulcerative colitis over a lifetime is estimated between 5% and 13.5% [2]. In cases of ulcerative colitis complicated by rectal cancer, the choice of operative procedure becomes more challenging. An alternative to IPAA would be a total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy (TPC). In UC patients with rectal cancer, the need for neoadjuvant chemoradiation and adjuvant chemotherapy, in addition to other patient and disease dependent variables, may impact long term outcomes including overall survival and quality of life (Table 30.1).
How Safe Are Safety-Net Hospitals? Opportunities to Improve Outcomes for Vulnerable Patients Undergoing Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery

Safety-net hospitals are critical to the US health system as they provide care to vulnerable patients. The effect of hospital safety-net burden on patient outcomes in hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) surgery was examined. Discharge data between 2004 and 2014 from the National Inpatient Sample were utilized. Hospitals with a safety-net burden were divided into tertiles: low (LBH) ( 33.3%). The association of hospital safety-net burden with complications, in-hospital mortality, never events, and costs were defined. Nearly 5% of the analytic cohort (n = 65,032) had surgery at a HBH. Patients treated at HBH were younger (median age, HBH 55 years vs LBH 62 years; p < 0.001), black or Hispanic (HBH 40.5% vs LBH 12.7%; p < 0.001), and of lowest income quartile (HBH 38.4% vs LBH 19.6%; p < 0.001). One-third of patients at HBH experienced a complication compared with only a quarter of patients at LBH (p < 0.001). HBH had higher rates of in-hospital mortality (HBH 6.5% vs. LBH 2.8%; p < 0.001), never events (HBH 5.4% vs. LBH 1.4%; p < 0.001), and a higher cost of surgery (HBH $30,716 vs. LBH $28,054; p < 0.001). Perioperative outcomes were worse at HBH, highlighting that efforts are needed to improve their delivery of care.