cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Women's and children's exposure to mass disaster and terrorist attacks.

Published documents were used to identify women's and children's exposure experiences following two mass disasters and two terrorist attacks that occurred in the United States. Research reports, clinical needs assessments, and a case study were analyzed to determine the type and severity of women's and children's exposure. Research reports were given priority if pre-event/post-event data were reported, if the study reported was longitudinal in design, and if samples were representative of the populations from which they were drawn. Clinical needs assessments were included because these documents provide evidence of need for services by disaster victims. The case study selected was unique in the literature reviewed. The results showed that both the women's and children's severity of exposure was related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, separation anxiety, and generalized anxiety. In studies that made gender comparisons, data collected from women and girls showed more negative mental hea...
Performance of Corrugated Metal Ties for Brick Veneer Wall Systems

An experimental study is reported to evaluate corrugated metal ties for attaching brick veneer walls to wood framing, subjected to lateral loads in the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. Typical residential and light commercial brick veneer construction in the central and southeastern U.S. was characterized, and subassemblies comprising two bricks, a wood stud, and a corrugated metal wall tie were tested to capture the local performance of overall wall systems rather than of just the tie itself. Test parameters included tie thickness, initial offset displacement, attaching method of ties to wood studs, and type of loading (including cyclic). Reduced eccentricity (with sheathing), as well as embedment length, were also evaluated. Typical failure modes included nail pullout from the wood stud, tie pullout from the mortar joint, and tie buckling. Tie thickness and eccentricity affected tension stiffness, whereas embedment length affected tension strength. Experiments on full-scale wall systems over wood framing on a shake table are underway.
Year-by-year analysis of cardiovascular events in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) trial

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the effect of raloxifene 60 mg/day (RLX) on year-by-year cardiovascular (CV) events in postmenopausal women participating in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) trial, a double-blind, placebo-controlled osteoporosis treatment trial.Research design and methods: Post hoc analysis, using data from participants receiving placebo (N = 2576) or RLX 60 mg/day (N = 2557) in MORE, was performed to determine the relative risk (RR, 95% CI) of CV events in each individual trial year. Analyses were performed for the overall cohort and for women in high and low risk subsets. Women were retrospectively assessed as high CV risk using established criteria and the remaining women were considered low CV risk.Results: The incidence of CV events did not differ between the RLX and placebo groups in the overall cohort (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.64–1.15), or the low CV risk subset (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.70–1.46). In the high-risk subset, the incidence of CV events was less in the RLX group (RR ...
Decomposition-Based Assembly Synthesis of Multiple Structures for Minimum Manufacturing Cost

An extension of decomposition-based assembly synthesis for structural modularity is presented where the early identification of shareable components within multiple structures is posed as an outcome of the minimization of estimated manufacturing costs. The manufacturing costs of components are estimated under given production volumes considering the economies of scale. Multiple structures are simultaneously decomposed, and the types of welded joints at component interfaces are selected from a given library, in order to minimize the overall manufacturing cost and the reduction of structural strength due to the introduction of joints. A multiobjective genetic algorithm is used to allow effective examination of trade-offs between manufacturing cost and structural strength. A new joint-oriented representation of structures combined with a direct crossover is introduced to enhance the efficiency of the search. A preliminary case study with two simplified aluminum space frame automotive bodies is presented to demonstrate that not all types of component sharing are economically justifiable under a certain production scenario.
Influence of canopy structure on the survival and growth of underplanted seedlings

This study explores the indirect relationship between forest structural measures and initial seedling survival and growth along a structural gradient between 64% to 92% canopy closure. The gradient was created by applying various levels of midstory removal to fifty 0.05 ha areas located within a mixed-hardwood riparian forest corridor. Twelve yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.) containerized seedling pairs were underplanted within each area. Canopy closure was estimated using hemispherical photography; height-to-canopy and basal area were recorded at each seedling pair. Survival, basal diameter, and height were monitored through two growing seasons. Species-specific mortality and height growth models were developed for one and two growing seasons following underplanting. The interaction of height-to-canopy and basal area along with canopy closure were found to be the most strongly related to mortality. Height to the forest canopy and initial seedling size explained the most variance in height increment. Although the height increment models possess limited predictive power (R2 range from 0.22 to 0.36), both mortality and growth analyses emphasize the importance of quantifying vertical canopy structure, along with the more commonly considered horizontal measures of forest structure (basal area and stem density), when evaluating seedling development beneath a forest canopy.
Where to Invest in Information Systems: A CRM Case Study

This paper proposes a framework for examining the use of the knowledge value-added (KVA) methodology to measure the value added by information systems (IS) to business processes. This approach provided a practical way to examine how estimates of the return on knowledge (ROK) of the use of IS supported the core processes before and after deployment within a large telecommunications company (SBC Telecom). This approach offers a means for estimating the return on investments in IS. The paper begins by reviewing the context of IS investment decision making at SBC Telecom. The method for deriving estimates using KVA is reviewed in the SBC Telecom case. The problems in using this new methodology in the high pressure, time critical context of the case are reviewed along with the ways the research team overcame the initial reluctance to use KVA.
Sustainable Use of Dynamic Representational Environments: Toward a District-Wide Adoption of SimCalc-Based Materials

In this chapter, we will discuss pilot research in our multiyear effort aimed at aiding a large, urban school district in the state of Florida to adopt SimCalc MathWorlds® as a sustainable and integral part of middle school mathematics education. Building upon analyses that identify important factors in sustainable use of SimCalc-based materials, we have built local capacity to support the program and designed teacher professional development and district rollout plans to increase the likelihood of sustained use in the district. We have found that our efforts resulted in a replication of prior effectiveness results, as well as strong local support for SimCalc-based materials. These factors have allowed us to steadily increase our presence in the district, and now the district and project team are actively working toward our shared vision of the materials being used by every middle school mathematics teacher in the district. We end with a discussion of next steps and risks associated with our ongoing efforts.
The Response of a Coupled Model of ENSO to Observed Estimates of Stochastic Forcing

In this work the role that observed intraseasonal atmospheric variability may play in controlling and maintaining ENSO variability is examined. To this end, an asymptotically stable intermediate coupled model of El Nino- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is forced with observed estimates of stochastic forcing, which are defined to be the part of the atmospheric variability that is apparently independent of the ocean circulation. The stochastic forcing (SF) was estimated from 51 yr (1950-2000) of NCEP-NCAR reanalyses of surface winds and net surface heat flux, 32 yr (1950-81) of reconstructed sea surface temperatures (SST), and 19 yr (1982-2000) of Reynolds SST in the tropical Pacific. The deterministic component of the surface wind and heat flux anomalies that can be linearly related to SST anomalies was estimated using the singular value decomposition of the covariance between the anomaly fields, and was then removed from the atmospheric anomaly fields to recover the stochastic component of the ocean surface forcing. Principal component analysis reveals that the stochastic component has no preferred mode of variability, exhibits decorrelation times of a few days, and has a spectrum that is indis- tinguishable from red noise. A 19-yr stochastically forced coupled model integration qualitatively shows some similarities with the observed equatorial SST. The robustness of this result is checked by performing different sensitivity experiments. The model mostly exhibits a linear (and nonnormal) response to the low-frequency tail of SF. Using the ideas of generalized linear stability theory, the dynamically important contributions of the SF are isolated, and it is shown that most of the variability in the stochastically forced model solution is produced by stochastically induced Kelvin waves forced in the western and central Pacific. Moreover, the two most dynamically important patterns of stochastic forcing (which account for 71% of the expected variance in the model response) describe eastward propagation of the forcing similar to the MJO. The results of this study support the hypothesis that a significant fraction of ENSO variability may be due to SF, and suggest that a better understanding of the influence of SF on the ocean surface in the western/central Pacific may be required in order to understand the predictability of ENSO.
BLUI: a body language user interface for 3D gestural drawing

We are developing a system to implement gestural drawing in an immersive 3D environment. We present a virtual artist who draws expressive forms in virtual space. In the art world, the term 'gestural' commonly refers to mark making that drives from the richness of movement of the artist. This focus on the character of motion is much like a similar focus on follow-through in athletic activity. Accordingly, we base the appearance of the rendered image on the body language of the artists, hence the acronym BLUI. BLUI is developed on the ImmersaDESK, an immersive virtual reality environment where the artists wears head-tracking goggles and uses a wand. Information form video, wand, and head tracker is used to generate a virtual artist, whose brush tracks with the wand.
Cross-sections in deuterium at high-energies

Recent measurements at high energies indicate that the total cross sections for collisions of both nucleons and $\ensuremath{\pi}$ mesons with deuterons are noticeably smaller than the sums of the corresponding cross sections for free neutrons and protons. A formalism for calculating the cross sections of the deuteron is developed, based on the assumption that the interactions of the incident particle with the neutron and proton may individually be treated by the general methods of diffraction theory. The nonadditivity of the free-particle cross sections is shown to be due largely to "eclipses" in which either the neutron or the proton lies in the shadow cast by the other, an effect in which quantum mechanical diffraction plays an important role. Simple representations of the high-energy interactions and the ground-state wave function of the deuteron are found to lead to cross-section defects of the magnitude observed.
Combined Input Shaping and Feedback Control of a Double-Pendulum System Subject to External Disturbances

A control system combining input shaping and feedback is applied to a double-pendulum bridge crane subjected to external disturbances. The external disturbances represent naturally occurring forces, such as gusting winds. The proposed control method achieves fast point-to-point response similar to open-loop input-shaping control. It also minimizes transient deflections and disturbance-induced residual swing using the feedback control. Effects of parameters such as the mass ratio of the double-pendulum, suspension length ratio, and the traveled distance were studied via numerical simulation and hardware experiments. The controller effectively suppresses the disturbances and is robust to modeling uncertainties and task variations.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Organization Theory—Business Success Depends on it

Discusses the significance of organizational theory and formal organization to business success. Statements on the impressions of managers about the significance of organizational theory and formal...
Air Bag Implicated in Temporomandibular Joint Injury

A patient's impact with an automatic air bag deployed during a vehicular collision causes injury to the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). The injury was confirmed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
CANDIDAL ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER LITHOTRIPSY OF RENAL CALCULI

Candidal endophthalmitis is most commonly due to hematogenous seeding of the eye by Candida albicans. Although it is most often seen as a manifestation of disseminated candidiasis in patients who are seriously ill, other patients may have candidal endophthalmitis as the only evidence of fungal infection. We have presented a case of endophthalmitis due to C albicans in a patient who had bilateral renal calculi and who had received multiple antibiotics and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
Models for Multiple Events

The models discussed to this point have all involved so-called “single-state” processes, or equivalently, one-way transition models. In such models, there is a singular event of interest and once the event is experienced—or once an observation fails—the observation leaves the risk set and is assumed to be no longer at risk of returning to the previously occupied state. Concomitantly, in a single-state process, we assume that an observation is only at risk of experiencing a single event; that is, the observation is not at risk of making a transition to another state. Is this a reasonable assumption? Often it is not, and, at a minimum, it is an assumption that should be tested. In this chapter, we consider some models that account for repeatable events. Additionally, in previous applications, we did not attempt to account for the different kinds of events that could occur. Some research problems, however, may lead one to consider how observations are at risk of experiencing one of several kinds of events. Problems of this kind are sometimes referred to as multi-state processes or competing risks processes because survival times may terminate in a variety of substantively interesting ways. In this chapter, we consider event history approaches to deal with the issue of competing risks. The issues of repeatable events and competing risks serve to highlight the greater concern of this chapter: how does one employ event history models in the face of complicated social processes?
Portable mTBI Assessment Using Temporal and Frequency Analysis of Speech

This paper shows that extraction and analysis of various acoustic features from speech using mobile devices can allow the detection of patterns that could be indicative of neurological trauma. This may pave the way for new types of biomarkers and diagnostic tools. Toward this end, we created a mobile application designed to diagnose mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) such as concussions. Using this application, data were collected from youth athletes from 47 high schools and colleges in the Midwestern United States. In this paper, we focus on the design of a methodology to collect speech data, the extraction of various temporal and frequency metrics from that data, and the statistical analysis of these metrics to find patterns that are indicative of a concussion. Our results suggest a strong correlation between certain temporal and frequency features and the likelihood of a concussion.
Dubois, Jacques (Sylvius) (1489–1555)

Jacques Dubois (1489–1555) wrote the first grammar of French written in France, together with a Latin–French Grammar. The impact of his grammar was limited by his acceptance of, even preference for, Picardisms. Nonetheless it remains a useful portrait of usage in early 16th-century French, including aspects of social and regional variation.
EPICARDIAL LEAD MIGRATION TO THE SPINE WITH DEVELOPMENT OF VERTEBRAL ABSCESS

Background: Migration of epicardial leads is a rare complication, previously described cases illustrate leads perforating myocardium and dislodging into RV outflow tract or pulmonary artery. We are describing a case of a dislodged lead that travelled outside of the heart and migrated to the spine
Abstract 255: A Fibroblast Population Shares A Developmental Origin With Cardiovascular Lineages

Rationale: The traditional definition of “cardiovascular” lineages describes the eponymous cell types - cardiomyoctes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells - that arise from a common mesodermal progenitor cell during heart development. Fibroblasts are an abundant mesenchymal population in the mammalian heart which may have multiple, discrete developmental origins. Mesp1 represents the earliest marker of cardiovascular progenitors, contributing to the majority of cardiac lineages. To date no link between Mesp1 and fibroblast generation has been reported. Objective: We hypothesized progenitor cells expressing Mesp1 can also give rise to cardiac fibroblasts during heart development. Methods and Results: We generated Mesp1cre/+;R26RmTmG reporter mice where Cre-mediated recombination results in GFP activation in all Mesp1 expressing cells and their progeny. To explore their developmental potential, we isolated GFP+ cells from E7.5 Mesp1cre/+;R26RmTmG mouse. In vitro culture and transplantation studies into SCID mouse kidney capsule as wells as chick embryos showed fibroblastic adoption. Results showed that at E9.5 Mesp1+ and Mesp1- progenitors contributed to the proepicardium organ and later at E11.5 they formed epicardium. Analysis of adult hearts demonstrated that the majority of cardiac fibroblasts are derived from Mesp1 expressing cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of heart sections demonstrated expression of fibroblast markers (including DDR2, PDGFRα and Col1) in cells derived from both Mesp1+ and Mesp1- progenitors. Additionally, we investigated whether the two distinct fibroblast populations have different potency towards reprogramming to cardiomyocytes. Results showed no significant difference between Mesp1 and non-Mesp1 isolated fibroblasts to convert to cardiomyocyte fate. Conclusions: Our data demonstrates that cardiovascular progenitors expressing Mesp1 contribute to the proepicardium. These cells, as cardiovascular progenitors, also give rise to the highest portion of cardiac fibroblasts in the mouse heart.
Patterns of healthcare resource utilization prior to anterior cervical decompression and fusion in patients with radiculopathy.

Objective To assess patterns of healthcare resource utilization prior to anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) in patients diagnosed with radiculopathy with a retrospective cohort study design. Background ACDF is associated with improvement in quality of life among patients with cervical radiculopathy. However, little is known regarding utilization of healthcare services and total cost of care before ACDF surgery in the United States. Methods We analyzed a group of patients who received ACDF for radiculopathy during 2009-2011 using a healthcare database of over 20 million patients of all ages. Patients with fewer than two years of data prior to ACDF procedure were excluded. Inclusion criteria included patients with a diagnosis of disc displacement/degeneration and radiculopathy. All charges related to healthcare administration within two years prior to surgery were recorded and analyzed. Results Sixteen hundred seventy six patients met the inclusion criteria. Seventy-three percent of patients were in the 40-59 year age range; 55% were women and 45% were men. In the two years preceding the surgery, 34% of patients received prescription NSAIDs, and 98% received prescription narcotics for total charges of $101,188 ($174.46/patient) and $222,860 ($134.82/patient) respectively. Total pain-related interventions over two years (oral pharmacotherapy and injections) were charged at $4,368,900 at an average of $2,606/treatment. Total outpatient charges including physician office visits, other outpatient visits and emergency room visits amounted to $25,450,012. Mean total outpatient charges over the two years preceding ACDF was $15,556 per patient for 26,397 episodes of care. Injectable corticosteroids were provided for 84.7% of patients and charges related to this treatment totaled $1,137 per patient. Conclusions In the two years prior to ACDF, healthcare resource utilization is extremely high. Given that these patients ultimately undergo surgical intervention, opportunities to reduce charges of conservative care exist.
Science, Values, and CSR Discovery Leadership

This chapter explores some theory-building attributes common to scientific inquiry on the one hand and corporate social responsibility research on the other. The point is to delineate how some aspects of contemporary scientific inquiry and the values that support it resemble the theoretical pragmatism embodied in the model of CSR discovery leadership in Chap. 5. The more these affinities are recognized, the more CSR leadership can be understood as a professional calling that breaks ranks with the separation consciousness promoted by standard economics. Swanson asserts that the legitimacy of this calling can be bolstered by recognizing that a discovery orientation is necessary both for scientific inquiry and CSR leadership. Moreover, both endeavors are defined by similar values, holistic systems thinking, and pragmatic reasoning and puzzle solving that can serve social betterment. The arc of cross-disciplinary business and society research, covered in Chap. 2, reflects these affinities.
Breaking the Carnival Mirror: A Classroom Exercise to Reassess Criminality

The reflexive paper assignment presented here calls on students to reflect on their own family and/or personal experiences in order to answer the question, "From where does the greatest harm arise?" In The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison: Ideology, Class and Criminal Justice, Reiman and Leighton (2010) make the case that the criminal justice system presents to us a carnival mirror-like image of what causes the greatest harm to society. The criminal justice system, through its policies and procedures, leads the public to conceive of a typical sort of crime committed by the typical criminal. The typical crime is thought to be person-to-person, violent, and most often carried out by a male who is assumed to be black, young, and urban. In opposition to this distorted, carnival mirror like view, Reiman and Leighton lay out four (4) true causes of harm largely ignored by the system of criminal justice. They are, 1) the harm of workplaces; 2) the harm of healthcare; 3) the harm of environmental pollutants, and 4) the harm of poverty. When students write a reflexive essay on the sources of harm they’ve encountered and share their findings in class, their belief in the typical criminal/typical crime as a source of harm is challenged. Institutional forms of deviance and white-collar crime, not black, young, urban males, come to be seen as the most common sources of harm.
Key Planning Factors for Deploying Ubiquitous Wi-Fi Networks in Hotels

The Internet has changed the way in which people work and live. Many when traveling expect to be Internet-connected at all times without being tied down to physical wires, just as in their offices and homes. Wireless Fidelity Wi-Fi enables hotel guests with wireless-capable computers and devices to easily access high speed broadband networks within the coverage area. According to J.D. Power and Associates 2016 North America Hotel Guest Satisfaction Index Study, the most important amenity noted by guests was free Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi, initially deployed in public spaces, is now an expected room amenity. Providing reliable and robust Wi-Fi coverage throughout a hotel requires careful implementation planning for technical as well as business-related factors. This article identifies and discusses key Wi-Fi planning factors and their implications for wireless network architecture decisions in hotel environments.
T Lymphocyte Recognition of Small Peptide Antigens: Formation of Neoantigenic Determinants and Clonal Frequency Resulting in IR Gene Control

Efforts to understand the nature of T lymphocyte recognition of exogenous antigens have been complicated by the findings that antigen must be associated with stimulator cells, which in some cases are macrophages1–3. Moreover, it is clear that helper or proliferating T cells recognize exogenous antigenic determinants only in association with stimulator cell Ia antigens, and that Ia antigens are responsible for Ir gene functions4–8. Hypotheses to explain these observations are that either exogenous antigen is physically complexed with Ia antigens and recognized by a single T cell receptor, or that Ia and exogenous antigens are maintained separately on the stimulator cell surface and interact with two distinct T cell receptors. The approach we have taken to distinguish between those possibilities utilizes a series of closely related small synthetic peptide antigens. Our intent was that by precisely defining the antigenic determinants involved in the recognition process, it may be possible to detect those areas of the peptide which interact with clonally distributed T cell receptors, and those areas, if any, that potentially interact with macrophages. Thus by understanding how an exogenous antigen is being “seen” may allow better definition of those cellular structures with which the antigen interacts.
Heterogeneity within Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus: Key to Survival

Both wild-type isolates and laboratory cultured strains of Newcastle disease virus contain several subpopulations that are often distinguishable by their plaque morphology. When cloned, these subpopulations may differ significantly from each other in their ability to infect and induce disease in several avian species. They may also differ in physical properties, in their ability to be bound by monoclonal antibody and in their oligoribonucleotide arrays. The supopulation complexes which presumably arose through mutation can be transmitted from host to host and appear to persist as complexes for many transfers both in nature and in the laboratory. The stability of the population complexes raise questions about interactions among the subpopulations and the possible role of the population complexes in the evolution and survival of the virus.
Introduction to Statistical Quality Control

(1987). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Journal of Quality Technology: Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 236-238.
The Impact of Chronic Health Conditions as an Underlying Challenge on Couple’s Wellbeing

Chronic health conditions affect over 100 million Americans (Cano and Leonard in J Clin Psychol 62(11):1409–1418, 2006). Many clinicians are not integrating chronic physical health symptoms into psychotherapy. There is a complexity of issues that arise within the context of chronic health conditions. Making more need for couple and family therapists, whose primary focus is on a systemic family perspective, to understand how chronic health conditions are impacting family systems when they present for therapy (Canavarro and Dattilio in Contemp Fam Ther 33:87–90, 2011; Poleshuck et al. in Prof Psychol 41(4):312–318, 2010). The correlation of chronic health conditions on marriages and relationships has received limited attention in clinical research. This secondary data analysis examines the differences in overall well-being and psychological distress of individuals and couples seeking therapy who report a presence of chronic health conditions. Original research on the relationship between chronic health conditions and well-being, as measured by comparison of means, will be presented. Few studies investigate how chronic health conditions, when not the primary reason for seeking therapy, influence wellbeing and distress upon entering therapy. This study included 2742 participants from a clinical sample of individuals and couple seeking therapy in a family therapy clinic at a university training clinic. Independent t-tests, as well as ANOVA, were run to compare well-being and psychological distress of individuals and couples in the sample. Results showed significant differences in both overall wellbeing and psychological distress for both individuals who reported chronic illness for themselves, or their partners, than those that reported no chronic illness. There were also significant differences between groups on both well-being and psychological distress [F (2, 2706) = 47.55, p = .00, F (2, 2697) = 54.59, p = .00]. This results showed significant differences in well-being when no member of the couple has chronic health conditions, one member, or both members, with both members decreasing wellbeing significantly. This study demonstrates that chronic health conditions impact both the individual diagnosed, their partners, and is especially impactful if both members of a couple are diagnosed with chronic health conditions. Study limitations and clinical implications are also discussed.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC LAWS

The scientific laws have a special value for the human scientist, but they are human also in another respect: These laws are discovered by human minds; they are invented by human imagination. The information theory has proven its value in the discussion of the validity of experimental laws as it helped in specifying some very important methods and definitions for the measurement of the information content of an empirical law. The importance of thermal agitation is well known; it results in Brownian motion in all pieces of equipment, thermal noise, etc., and this kind of perturbation can only be reduced by cooling the whole apparatus to very low temperatures. The freedom of the scientist is essential for the choice of the research topic and of the experimental method to be used. No calculating machine can make this choice, which requires reflection, and a real perspicacity on the part of the researcher. After long reflection, the physicist can use the machine to compute the optimum conditions and weigh the relative importance of the various factors. The machine is a tool, an auxiliary, but nothing more.
Understanding How Community Based Organizational Support Impacts Federal Climate Change Policy: A Case Study Examining the Clean Power Plan with Lessons for Advocating in the Trump Era

This paper examines effective means of impacting climate change policy using public participation by organized groups on the Clean Power Plan as a case study. The Clean Power Plan was proposed in June 2014 and promulgated in August 2015 as the centerpiece of the Obama Administration regulations combating climate change. The Clean Power Plan was highly controversial – mostly across partisan lines – and a record 4,385,309 people filed comments in the EPA docket collecting public thoughts on the proposed plan. Of those, about 4,350,855 public comments were sent to EPA as part of a petition or organized campaigns. We used principles of legal epidemiology following Public Health Law Research (PHLR) policy surveillance protocols to examine organizational support and opposition to US EPA’s Clean Power Plan as evidenced in the EPA docket for the purpose of evaluating effective and ineffective methods of impacting policy. We began by collecting the 2,937 documents and 34,454 public comments posted in the docket on Regulations.gov. In the initial examination we took a random sampling across all 34,454 posted comments and reviewed the sample against preset codes using computer assisted qualitative data analysis (CAQDAS). In a secondary analysis we ran computer simulations on all 34,454 comments to identify patterns of concern and mechanisms of advocacy. Coders crosschecked work to determine consistency. Finally, we conducted interviews with federal regulators about the benefits and burdens of mass online participation in the notice and comment process, with particular discussion of mass campaigns. Our review concluded by identifying effective and ineffective patterns of public participation. The study makes recommendations on how public health, environmental and community-based groups can arrange campaigns to have maximum impact on environmental health regulation, including those pertaining to climate change.
Texas LPC Interns and the Cost of Supervision

The demographics and perceptions of supervision fees of Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) Interns in Texas were explored using a mixed-method online survey. Internships for LPC Interns were mos...
Barriers to live and deceased kidney donation by patients with chronic neurological diseases: Implications for donor selection, donation timing, logistics, and regulatory compliance.

Live and deceased kidney donation by the numerous patients with advanced, progressive systemic neurological diseases, and other chronic neurological conditions (eg, high C-spine injury) remains largely unexplored. In a review of our current clinical practice, we identified multiple regulatory and clinical barriers. For live donation, mandatory reporting of postdonation donor deaths within 2 years constitutes a strong programmatic disincentive. We propose that the United Network for Organ Sharing should provide explicit regulatory guidance and reassurance for programs wishing to offer live donation to patients at higher risk of death during the reporting period. Under the proposal, live donor deaths within 30 days would still be regarded as donation-related, but later deaths would be related to the underlying disease. For deceased donation, donation after circulatory death (DCD) immediately following self-directed withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment ("conscious DCD") is not universally covered by existing DCD agreements with donor hospitals. Organ procurement organizations should thus systematically strive to revise these agreements. Obtaining adequate first-person consent from these communicatively severely impaired patients may be challenging. Optimized preservation and allocation protocols may maximize utilization of these DCD kidneys. Robust public debate and action by all stakeholders is necessary to lower existing barriers and maximize donation opportunities for patients with chronic neurological conditions.
David Oliver: Can apps relieve pressure on emergency departments?

The recent announcement of a new “NHS waiting time app” prompted headlines in national print and broadcast media, with claims that it could “help patients find hospitals with the shortest A&E queue.”12 The current context makes this a compelling story. Performance against emergency departments’ waiting time goals has declined over several years, with targets serially missed.3 Bed occupancy in our acute hospitals is hovering around 90%.4 Media stories describe overcrowded departments, long trolley waits, and ambulances stacked outside. NHS England is piloting some new waiting time metrics. Reading past the headlines, the story …
The Trump Administration’s Nuclear Posture Review and Presidential Nuclear Prerogative

In this chapter, we consider the Donald J. Trump administration’s Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) as part of the larger issue of presidential responsibility and prerogative on nuclear issues. The Nuclear Posture Review outlines Trump administration priorities with respect to nuclear force structure, modernization, policy planning and other issues. Compared to the Barack Obama administration, Trump calls for a wider range of limited nuclear options for deterrence across the spectrum of possible conflicts, prompted by alleged Russian interest in a theory of victory supported by nuclear first use as a means of de-escalation. However, Russia is also modernizing its conventional forces, including those for long-range, precision strike, in order to implement a more credible pre-nuclear deterrence. The Trump administration NPR anticipates commitments to nuclear modernization beyond the ambitious program already approved during the Obama administration. Along with this, Trump also expects to augment US defense capabilities in space and cyberspace: the President has called for the creation of a space force that is organized as a separate arm of service, but initially it will be a subordinate command within the US Air Force.
Combinatorial benefit without synergy in recent clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors

ABSTRACT Hundreds of clinical trials are testing whether combination therapies can increase the anti-tumor activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs). We find that the benefits of recently reported and approved combinations involving ICIs are fully accounted for by increasing the chance of a single-agent response (drug independence), with no requirement for additive or synergistic efficacy. Thus, the degree of success of combinations involving ICIs with other therapies is largely predictable.
It Depends on Your Perspective: Comparing Advanced Manufacturing Employers Expectations to Advanced Manufacturing Curriculum Frameworks

To meet the rising skill demands of the dynamic advanced manufacturing (AM) industry, two-year AM programs must produce well trained graduates. This need is especially marked in Florida because the state is an AM leader, producing intermediate and finished products ranging from plastics to tortillas to motor vehicles. In total, Florida is home to over 20,000 AM companies employing over 320,000 workers. Florida is also geographically diverse, being simultaneously one of the most urban and one of the most rural highly populous states in the country. To characterize Florida’s AM employment needs, we sought to determine how AM jobs were distributed across the state. We analyzed 108 job postings from Florida employers who were seeking manufacturing and engineering technicians through publicly available job postings. We used text mining to extract the knowledge areas and verbs in the documents that AM employers identified in job postings and desired from their entry-level employees. We compared those topics and verbs to the ones found in the Florida Department of Education’s (FLDoE) AM curriculum framework for two-year programs. We found varying levels of alignment, and, in some instances, misalignment, between employers’ desired topics and competency levels and those found in FLDoE Frameworks. Our findings not only highlight the importance of industry-education partnerships to tailor preparation to employer needs, but also suggest that a deeper exploration and analysis of AM jobs is needed to further determine alignment to FLDoE frameworks. We conclude that the FLDoE framework may be used as a foundation, but not the sole source, for important AM knowledge areas.
New compound control algorithm in sliding mode control to reduce the chattering phenomenon: experimental validation.

In this work, a new SMS is proposed to achieve high tracking and suitable robustness. However, the chattering phenomenon should be regarded as the main drawback of the SMC. Therefore, a new compound control algorithm is used for reducing the chattering phenomenon. The applied compound control law constantly evaluates the error and send the correct value to the system. This significantly will reduce the chattering phenomenon. The performance of the control methods validated by applying on a robot arm experimentally.
Disproportionate redemption discounting: Mental accounting of discounted credit

Abstract Redeeming purchases using discounted credit (i.e., store credit bought at a lower price than its face value) is widespread, but its mental accounting implications remain unclear. This work finds that consumers making multiple redemptions on separate occasions with the same discounted credit do not perceive all redemptions as equally discounted. Redemptions made earlier in that discounted credit’s spending life cycle (upstream redemptions) are perceived as less discounted than redemptions made later (downstream redemptions). This “disproportionate redemption discounting” effect occurs because users feel more certain that they can deplete their credit when they make downstream redemptions and feel like they have the freedom to mentally assign the discounted credit savings unevenly among multiple redemptions. Relatedly, individuals have higher willingness to pay when making downstream redemptions than upstream redemptions. Disproportionate redemption discounting and its’ behavioral consequences are unique to discounted credit and do not generalize to all store credit.
An Efficient Hypergraph Approach to Robust Point Cloud Resampling.

Efficient processing and feature extraction of largescale point clouds are important in related computer vision and cyber-physical systems. This work investigates point cloud resampling based on hypergraph signal processing (HGSP) to better explore the underlying relationship among different cloud points and to extract contour-enhanced features. Specifically, we design hypergraph spectral filters to capture multi-lateral interactions among the signal nodes of point clouds and to better preserve their surface outlines. Without the need and the computation to first construct the underlying hypergraph, our low complexity approach directly estimates hypergraph spectrum of point clouds by leveraging hypergraph stationary processes from the observed 3D coordinates. Evaluating the proposed resampling methods with several metrics, our test results validate the high efficacy of hypergraph characterization of point clouds and demonstrate the robustness of hypergraph-based resampling under noisy observations.
Economic Burden of Treatment-Resistant Depression among Adults with Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Conditions and Major Depressive Disorder in the US

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic non-cancer pain conditions (CNPC) often co-occur and exacerbate one another. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults with CNPC can amplify the economic burden. This study examined the impact of TRD on direct total and MDD-related healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among commercially insured patients with CNPC and MDD in the US. The retrospective longitudinal cohort study employed a claims-based algorithm to identify adults with TRD from a US claims database (January 2007 to June 2017). Costs (2018 US$) and HRU were compared between patients with and without TRD over a 12-month period after TRD/non-TRD index date. Counterfactual recycled predictions from generalized linear models were used to examine associations between TRD and annual HRU and costs. Post-regression linear decomposition identified differences in patient-level factors between TRD and non-TRD groups that contributed to the excess economic burden of TRD. Of the 21,180 adults with CNPC and MDD, 10.1% were identified as having TRD. TRD patients had significantly higher HRU, translating into higher average total costs (US$21,015TRD vs US$14,712No TRD) and MDD-related costs (US$1201TRD vs US$471No TRD) compared with non-TRD patients (all p < 0.001). Prescription drug costs accounted for 37.6% and inpatient services for 30.7% of the excess total healthcare costs among TRD patients. TRD patients had a significantly higher number of inpatient (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.30, 95% CI 1.14–1.47) and emergency room visits (IRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.10–1.34) than non-TRD patients. Overall, 46% of the excess total costs were explained by differences in patient-level characteristics such as polypharmacy, number of CNPC, anxiety, sleep, and substance use disorders between the TRD and non-TRD groups. TRD poses a substantial direct economic burden for adults with CNPC and MDD. Excess healthcare costs may potentially be reduced by providing timely interventions for several modifiable risk factors.
Building Partnerships by Infusing Kindness: A Social Worker and Librarian's Shared Journey to Meaningful Cross-Discipline Collaboration

In this column, the authors will examine an innovative approach to library employee training, as well as reflect on their shared experience through the planning, implementing, and revising process. They will articulate the steps taken in development of a training model that uses a social work simulation lab to provide library employees with the opportunity to practice de-escalation techniques instantaneously with actors demonstrating a spectrum of authentic patron interactions, and experienced professionals, spanning librarianship and social work, providing immediate constructive feedback. To this end, the authors will contribute contemplative best practices for application of techniques relevant across the library discipline, as well as offering evidence of the strategies discussed informing progressive modifications to library-specific safety policies and procedures. The authors will also integrate suggested next steps, including complementary training opportunities based on mental health awareness and self-care.
Proteomic Insight into the Molecular Function of the Vitreous

The human vitreous contains primarily water, but also contains proteins which have yet to be fully characterized. To gain insight into the four vitreous substructures and their potential functions, we isolated and analyzed the vitreous protein profiles of three non-diseased human eyes. The four analyzed substructures were the anterior hyaloid, the vitreous cortex, the vitreous core, and the vitreous base. Proteins were separated by multidimensional liquid chromatography and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics tools then extracted the expression profiles, signaling pathways, and interactomes unique to each tissue. From each substructure, a mean of 2,062 unique proteins were identified, with many being differentially expressed in a specific substructure: 278 proteins were unique to the anterior hyaloid, 322 to the vitreous cortex, 128 to the vitreous base, and 136 to the vitreous core. When the identified proteins were organized according to relevant functional pathways and networks, key patterns appeared. The blood coagulation pathway and extracellular matrix turnover networks were highly represented. Oxidative stress regulation and energy metabolism proteins were distributed throughout the vitreous. Immune functions were represented by high levels of immunoglobulin, the complement pathway, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial proteins. The majority of vitreous proteins detected were intracellular proteins, some of which originate from the retina, including rhodopsin (RHO), phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This comprehensive analysis uncovers a picture of the vitreous as a biologically active tissue, where proteins localize to distinct substructures to protect the intraocular tissues from infection, oxidative stress, and energy disequilibrium. It also reveals the retina as a potential source of inflammatory mediators. The vitreous proteome catalogues the dynamic interactions between the vitreous and surrounding tissues. It therefore could be an indirect and effective method for surveying vitreoretinal disease for specific biomarkers.