cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Scheduling of static sensor networks and management of mobile sensor networks for the detection and containment of moving sources in spatially distributed processes

In this paper we extend our previous work and consider two related problems: the first one proposes a method for the scheduling of static sensors in a network where it is assumed that an array of sensing devices is available to provide measurements on the state of a process governed by a partial differential equation. The second problem considers the guidance of a mobile sensor network used in a process governed by a partial differential equation. In the latter, it is assumed that the mobile sensors can move at discrete time instances, and hence the integrated sensor motion plus process can be modeled as a hybrid infinite dimensional system. It is shown that with the specific assumption made for the second problem, the two problems are essentially identical. The scheduling of static sensor network, or equivalently the guidance of mobile agents in a mobile sensor network, is subsequently used to address two tasks: (1) the improved estimation of the process state and (2) the detection of an intruder, which is modeled as a moving source. Such a moving source is used to model mobile contaminating chemical or biological sources in confined cavities. When the additional assumption of a joint sensor-and-actuator network, wherein the sensor network has actuating capabilities with the actuating devices collocated to the sensing devices, then the control problem becomes that of minimizing the effects of the mobile source on the process state. Such a control objective is essentially intruder containment and a simple and computationally efficient containment policy is proposed. Simulation results that demonstrate the effectiveness of mobile sensor-plus-actuator network in detecting and combating intruders are presented.
Malignant melanoma metastatic to the lung in a pet hamster.

125 Summary A 2 year old pet male hamster died with spontaneously occurring ocular melanoma. Metastasis occurred in the lung.
Crucible of empire : the Spanish-American War & its aftermath

The Spanish-American War of 1898 is often passed over by scholars and history buffs, but the approach of the centennial has generated a renewed interest in this conflict - its causes, consequences, and conduct - an area surprisingly lacking in study until now. This collection of essays by some of the nation's top naval and military historians - David F. Trask, Graham A. Cosmas, Harold D. Langley, and Jack Shulimson, to name a few - examines for the first time the actions of America's naval, military, and diplomatic communities during the war, actions that led to victory against Spain, the U.S. domination of the Philippines, and transformation of the United States into a world power. Drawing from primary sources, this book sheds new perspectives on the negotiations and diplomatic maneuvers preceding the war, and explores the boom in intelligence gathering by the United States. It explains how this new intelligence influenced the formation of military strategy and how the joint operations between the Army and Navy were carried out - and how effective they were. It examines the impact of the Marine Corps on the war and how this conflict changed the Corps itself. Crucible of Empire takes a fresh look at the controversial Battle of Santiago from the points of view of Commodores Sampson and Schley, and discusses numerous command problems and disagreements. Also considered are the expansionist designs of President McKinley, the taking of the Philippine Islands, and the resulting impact on the strategic planning, naval service, and defense responsibility of the United States beyond the Western Hemisphere. This volume contributes to the ongoing re-interpretation of this pivotal era of Americanhistory. Together the essays trace not only the impact of the armed forces on America's rise to world prominence, but also the transformation of the Navy, Army, and Marines as they entered the modern era.
Effect of soluble epoxide hydrolase polymorphism on substrate and inhibitor selectivity and dimer formation

Epoxy FAs (EpFAs) are important lipid mediators that are mainly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Thus, sEH inhibition is a promising therapeutic target to treat numerous ailments. Several sEH polymorphisms result in amino acid substitutions and alter enzyme activity. K55R and R287Q are associated with inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. R287Q seems to affect sEH activity through reducing formation of a catalytically active dimer. Thus, understanding how these SNPs affect the selectivity of sEH for substrates and inhibitors is of potential clinical importance. We investigated the selectivity of four sEH SNPs toward a series of EpFAs and inhibitors. We found that the SNPs alter the catalytic activity of the enzyme but do not alter the relative substrate and inhibitor selectivity. We also determined their dimer/monomer constants (KD/M). The WT sEH formed a very tight dimer, with a KD/M in the low picomolar range. Only R287Q resulted in a large change of the KD/M. However, human tissue concentrations of sEH suggest that it is always in its dimer form independently of the SNP. These results suggest that the different biologies associated with K55R and R287Q are not explained by alteration in dimer formation or substrate selectivity.
Development of Digital Signal Processor Controlled Quantum Cascade Laser Based Trace Gas Sensor Technology

This paper reports the design and integration of a custom digital-signal-processor (DSP) system into a pulsed quantum-cascade-laser (QCL)-based trace gas sensor to improve its portability, robustness, and operating performance. Specifically, this paper describes the implementation of a custom prototype DSP data acquisition and system controller based on the Texas Instruments TMS320F2812 for embedded control and processing. In addition, the sensor incorporates oversampling by taking advantage of the high-speed conversion capabilities of an analog-to-digital converter, which is embedded within the DSP. A carbon monoxide sensor, employing a thermoelectrically cooled, pulsed 4.6-mum distributed feedback QCL as a mid-infrared radiation source, is used to evaluate the performance characteristics of such a DSP controlled spectroscopic gas sensor
Sensation preserving simplification for haptic rendering

We introduce a novel "sensation preserving" simplification algorithm for faster collision queries between two polyhedral objects in haptic rendering. Given a polyhedral model, we construct a multiresolution hierarchy using " filtered edge collapse", subject to constraints imposed by collision detection. The resulting hierarchy is then used to compute fast contact response for haptic display. The computation model is inspired by human tactual perception of contact information. We have successfully applied and demonstrated the algorithm on a time-critical collision query framework for haptically displaying complex object-object interaction. Compared to existing exact contact query algorithms, we observe noticeable performance improvement in update rates with little degradation in the haptic perception of contacts.
A comparison of four methods for determining viability in human dermal fibroblasts irradiated with blue light.

Abstract Introduction Several tests are available for assessing the viability of cells; however, there is a dearth of studies comparing the results obtained with each test. We compared the capability of four viability assays (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), neutral red, trypan blue and live/dead fluorescence), to detect potential toxicity in fibroblasts irradiated with 470 nm blue light. Methods Cells were irradiated at 3, 55, 110 and 220 J/cm 2 , incubated for 24 h and viability assessed using each test. Results MTT assay showed significant decreases in viability when cells were irradiated with 110 and 220 J/cm 2 energy fluence (dose) (89% and 57% viable cells, respectively; p 2 (84% viable cells; p = 0.0008, compared to control). The live/dead fluorescence assay was less sensitive, evincing 91% and 95% viable cells after irradiation with 110 and 220 J/cm 2 respectively. Discussion (1) The four assays differed in their levels of sensitivity to cell viability. (2) The adverse effect of increasing doses seems to manifest as alteration of mitochondrial metabolism, followed by lysosomal dysfunction, membrane disruption and finally loss of cell membrane integrity. (3) Overall, irradiation with 3 J/cm 2 or 55 J/cm 2 did not adversely affect cell viability. Thus, doses below 110 J/cm 2 appear safe.
The revision acetabulum--allograft and bone substitutes: vestigial organs for bone deficiency.

A common situation presenting to the orthopaedic surgeon today is a worn acetabular liner with substantial acetabular and pelvic osteolysis. The surgeon has many options for dealing with osteolytic defects. These include allograft, calcium based substitutes, demineralised bone matrix, or combinations of these options with or without addition of platelet rich plasma. To date there are no clinical studies to determine the efficacy of using bone-stimulating materials in osteolytic defects at the time of revision surgery and there are surprisingly few studies demonstrating the clinical efficacy of these treatment options. Even when radiographs appear to demonstrate incorporation of graft material CT studies have shown that incorporation is incomplete. The surgeon, in choosing a graft material for a surgical procedure must take into account the efficacy, safety, cost and convenience of that material. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B (11 Suppl A):70–2.
Quantifying tradeoffs to reduce the dimensionality of complex design optimization problems and expedite trade space exploration

Multi-objective optimization is increasingly being employed to solve complex design problems. However, multi-objective optimization problems might be formulated with extraneous objective functions that could be eliminated without affecting the final solution. Furthermore, as the number of objectives increases, the effort required to visualize and explore the resulting solution set, herein referred to as the trade space, increases. Although visual analytic techniques exist to facilitate analytical reasoning for exploring a high-dimensional trade space through graphical interfaces, existing techniques often rely upon exhaustive two-dimensional representations to identify all tradeoffs. Yet, the knowledge of the tradeoffs among competing objectives is important for decision-making because it fosters learning from the trade space and hence aids preference formation. In this paper, an index to quantify the tradeoff between any two objectives from multi-objective optimization is presented and incorporated into a visual analytic technique that can be used as a tool for reducing the dimensionality of the problem formulation. The tradeoff index reveals the conflicting and correlated objectives; hence, it can be used to expedite trade space exploration by focusing cognitive effort only on those objectives that have tradeoff. The utility and efficiency of the proposed technique is illustrated through application to a Pareto approximate solution set from a benchmark optimization problem with eight objectives. The results of this exercise are compared to the solutions obtained using other existing visual analytic techniques found in the literature.
Non-parametric inferences for the generalized Lorenz curve

In this paper, we discuss the empirical likelihood-based inferences for the generalized Lorenz (GL) curve. In the settings of simple random sampling, strati ed random sampling and cluster random sampling, it is shown that the limiting distributions of the empirical likelihood ratio statistics for the GL ordinate are the scaled χ 2 distributions with one degree of freedom. We also derive the limiting processes of the associated empirical likelihood-based GL processes. Various con dence intervals for the GL ordinate are proposed based on bootstrap method and the newly developed empirical likelihood theory. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to compare the relative performances of various con dence intervals for GL ordinates in terms of coverage probability and average interval length. The nite sample performances of the empirical likelihood- based con dence bands are also illustrated in simulation studies. Finally, a real example is used to illustrate the application of the recommended intervals.
Not a Simple Matter: Gay History and Gay Historians

Almost since the moment I agreed to write this, a line from a television commercial has been ringing in my head: "Never let them see you sweat!" Since I have avoided putting pen to paper for months, I have had plenty of opportunity to reflect upon why this is so. The issue is not one of anxiety about self-revelation, about "coming out." I have done that again and again. Remove from my vita the items that mark me as gay or that might lead someone to draw that conclusion, and not much would be left. Nor is it a matter of fearing to express personal grievance in the pages of an important professional journal, for my own grievances are few. I was hired by a department whose eyes were open to my work and my identity; I now have tenure; and my university has been supportive of my scholarly endeavors. Mine is a gay success story. Something else is at stake. As I have played with various ideas about how to structure this essay and about what to include in it (indeed, whenever I have even remembered that I am committed to writing it), I have found myself engulfed by emotions normally alien to me. Sane, cheerful, optimistic, energetic, and hopeful are the way friends and colleagues usually describe me. But to contemplate the subject at hand, to thinkreally to thinkabout gay history and gay historians in relation to the profession is to tap an interior well of pessimism, discouragement, despair, and exhaustion that shocks as well as frightens me. The task of adequately addressing in a few pages the issues posed by this round table also seems daunting. Twenty years after the birth of gay liberation, sixteen years after a group of faculty and graduate students formed the Gay Academic Union (GAU), and a decade after gay men and lesbians began meeting in what became the Committee on Lesbian and Gay History of the American Historical Association, our issues, our agenda, and our achievements are only beginning to reach beyond the circles we have created., When I search for anchors to which I can attach my discussion so that it will seem familiar to readers, I am struck more by the differ-
The Influence of Fertilizer Applications on Populations of Heliothis zea (Boddie), and Certain Insect Predators

The influence of high rates of fertilizer application upon populations of the bollworm (Heliothis zea (Boddie)) and certain insect predators was studied in randomized, replicated plots. One-half of each fertilizer plot received a weekly application of endrin spray from July 14 to September 4, in order to study the effect of insecticidal applications on insect populations and yields of plots receiving different fertilizer treatments. There were no significant differences in the bollworm larval counts among the plots until mid-August, at which time highly significant differences appeared among the plots as the result of both fertilizer and spray treatments. These differences were evident for the remainder of the season. Results indicated that the lady beetle populations were influenced by fertilizer treatments, Orius insidious (Say) by both fertilizer and spray treatments, Geocoris punctipes (Say) by spraying, and Nabis spp. and Chrysopa spp. were apparently not influenced by either the fertilizer or spray treatments. Yields were increased by both spray and fertilizer treatments. The data indicated that as the rate of fertilizer was increased, higher returns, in terms of yield, may be expected from the use of insecticides.
Vision-based fast navigation of micro aerial vehicles

We address the key challenges for autonomous fast flight for Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) in 3-D, cluttered environments. For complete autonomy, the system must identify the vehicle's state at high rates, using either absolute or relative asynchronous on-board sensor measurements, use these state estimates for feedback control, and plan trajectories to the destination. State estimation requires information from different sensors to be fused, exploiting information from different, possible asynchronous sensors at different rates. In this work, we present techniques in the area of planning, control and visual-inertial state estimation for fast navigation of MAVs. We demonstrate how to solve on-board, on a small computational unit, the pose estimation, control and planning problems for MAVs, using a minimal sensor suite for autonomous navigation composed of a single camera and IMU. Additionally, we show that a consumer electronic device such as a smartphone can alternatively be employed for both sensing and computation. Experimental results validate the proposed techniques. Any consumer, provided with a smartphone, can autonomously drive a quadrotor platform at high speed, without GPS, and concurrently build 3-D maps, using a suitably designed app.
Animal Model for Ocular Human Cytomegalovirus Infections in SCID-hu Mice

Publisher Summary This chapter presents an SCID-hu mice model of ocular human cytomegalovirus infections. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice are immunodeficient, lacking B-cell (immunoglobulin variable chain rearrangement) and T-cell (T-cell receptor) immune functions. They require sterilized housing, bedding, food, and water to decrease chances of infection in their surroundings. SCID mice of 4–8 weeks old were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (125 mg/kg) and xylazine (20 mg/kg) and the eyes were further anesthetized with a topical anesthetic, proparacaine HCl. For transplantation, eyes were exposed by gently pushing on the skin above and below the eye. The butterfly needle, containing the minced retinal tissue, was then inserted through the nasal sclera with the bevel up. The needle was carefully manipulated above the lens and iris toward the temporal portion of the anterior chamber. Over the week following transplantation, the retinal tissue attaches to the host iris and begins to grow. Within 2 months after transplantation, the retinal graft increases considerably in size and become infiltrated with iridal vasculature. Approximately 1–2 weeks after transplantation of the human retinal tissue, animals were again anesthetized with the ketamine/xylazine mixture and the topical proparacaine HCl. As HCMV does not infect murine tissue, monitoring of infection is accomplished by examination of the human retinal implant. At various times after infection, the mice were sacrificed with a lethal injection of ketamine/xylazine and their eyes removed for further analysis.
A Theory of Bribery

In a unanimous opinion in McDonnell v. United States, the Supreme Court invalidated the conviction of the former Governor of Virginia on charges of bribery and called attention to the critical role that bribery laws play in democratic government. Bribery laws fulfill this function by determining what actions of governmental officials are, and are not, for sale. Bribery laws also undergird the Court’s campaign finance cases. Campaign finance doctrine rests on the assumption that a legitimate campaign contribution is distinguishable from a bribe, at least in theory. But is it? In order to answer this question, we need a theory of bribery. This is no easy task. This article offers a new theory of bribery according to which agreements to exchange official acts for something else only constitute bribery when the value exchanged for the political act is something external to politics. According to this “external value” account, trading a legislative vote for money is bribery while trading it for another vote is not. An “external value” theory of bribery explains why campaign contributions are controversial. Contributions can be seen as money or politics. However recent Supreme Court cases treat giving money to the campaigns of political candidates and elected officials as a central form of political participation. But if the campaign contribution is a purely political act, it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish a campaign contribution from a bribe.
Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus varius) alter sap well locations in response to experimentally induced tree damage

ABSTRACT Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus varius) regularly use paper birch (Betula papyrifera) as a source of sap during the breeding season and may position their sap wells on the tree in order to maximize sap extraction. Sap flow can be affected by tree damage, and altering sap well locations in response to such damage could enhance sapsucker foraging efficiency. We sought to determine if sapsuckers selectively drilled sap wells on damaged (experimentally girdled) paper birch trees over non-damaged healthy trees and, if so, whether the locations of the drill sites varied in response to this damage. Sapsuckers drilled holes on a significantly larger proportion of girdled trees than control trees (healthy trees on adjacent plots), and the holes were lower on girdled trees in comparison with control trees. These differences occurred even though control and girdled trees were of similar size (diameter) and had similar numbers of sap wells per tree. Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers appear to alter their fora...
Learning by Doing: Teaching Multimedia Journalism Through Coverage of the 50th Anniversary of Freedom Summer

In-depth qualitative interviews with participants of a high school journalism workshop reveal that immersing students in coverage of a historically important news event enhances learning of multime...
Communication civility codes: Positive communication through the students’ eyes

Courses: Presentational courses such as Public Speaking, Interviewing, Business and Professional, Persuasion, Interpersonal; any course where civility may be promoted in the classroom.Objectives: At the end of this single-class activity, students will have an understanding of civility in order to: (1) identify civility and consequences of behaviors, (2) create their own communication civility code for classroom behaviors and presentations, and (3) practice civility throughout the semester.
A Multilevel Logit Estimation of Factors Associated With Modern Contraception in Urban Nigeria.

This study aimed to estimate the multilevel determinants of modern contraceptive use among reproductive-age women living in six cities in Nigeria (Abuja, Benin, Ibadan, Ilorin, Kaduna, and Zaria). Data from cross-sectional surveys conducted between 2010 and 2011 were linked to provide information on five hierarchical levels of the Socioecological Framework. Multilevel logit models estimated the odds of modern contraceptive use among 9,473 non-pregnant married/cohabiting women aged 15–49 years living in 488 clusters. About 25 percent of the women reported using modern contraceptive methods at the time of survey. Individual-level factors found to have a positive association with modern contraceptive use were parity, family planning self-efficacy, and partner discussion about fertility desires while perception of negative attitudes from community member about contraceptive use was negatively associated with modern contraceptive use (p < 0.05). At the community level, media exposure to family planning messages and city of residence were significantly associated with modern contraceptive use in the studied sample (p < 0.05). The positive association between parity and modern contraceptive use was modified by the community's ideal family size. The results of this study support the evidence for multilevel interventions as a way to improve the prevalence of modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria.
Characteristics and Functional Implications of Spontaneous Sarcoplasmic Reticulum-Generated Cytosolic Calcium Oscillations in Myocardial Tissue

The process by which electrical excitation of cardiac muscle cells leads to contraction is incompletely understood. It is clear, however, that in all mammalian hearts, release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) contributes to the activation of the myofilaments. Spontaneous SR oscillatory Ca2+ release (Fig. 1), given the required conditions, appears to be a universal phenomenon in mammalian preparations (see Lakattaet al., 1985 for review). While spontaneous chaotic cellular contractions, a mechanical sequalae of SR Ca2+ oscillations (CaOsc), was observed over 70 years ago (see Capogrossiet al., 1986b), the universality of CaOsc had not generally been recognized, and its multiple effects on myocardial function have not generally been considered collectively.
Scaffolding hydrogels for rapid prototyping based tissue engineering

: Scaffolding hydrogels provides the ability to pattern cell suspensions directly within 3D configurations of hydrated polymer networks to mimic the physical and biological characteristics of natural extracellular matrices. This chapter first reviews the developments, key characteristics, and applications of some commonly used and emerging hydrogel biomaterials. It then discusses the compatibility between hydrogels and rapid prototyping (RP) scaffolding processes, and highlights some of the recent emerging trends in scaffolding biomaterials research.
A new method for adaptive sequential sampling for learning and parameter estimation

Sampling is an important technique for parameter estimation and hypothesis testing widely used in statistical analysis, machine learning and knowledge discovery. In contrast to batch sampling methods in which the number of samples is known in advance, adaptive sequential sampling gets samples one by one in an on-line fashion without a pre-defined sample size. The stopping condition in such adaptive sampling scheme is dynamically determined by the random samples seen so far. In this paper, we present a new adaptive sequential sampling method for estimating the mean of a Bernoulli random variable. We define the termination conditions for controlling the absolute and relative errors. We also briefly present a preliminary theoretical analysis of the proposed sampling method. Empirical simulation results show that our method often uses significantly lower sample size (i.e., the number of sampled instances) while maintaining competitive accuracy and confidence when compared with most existing methods such as that in [14]. Although the theoretical validity of the sampling method is only partially established. we strongly believe that our method should be sound in providing a rigorous guarantee that the estimation results under our scheme have desired accuracy and confidence.
Spatially cost-sensitive active learning

In active learning, one attempts to maximize classifier performance for a given number of labeled training points by allowing the active learning algorithm to choose which points should be labeled. Typically, when the active learner requests labels for the selected points, it assumes that all points require the same amount of effort to label and that the cost of labeling a point is independent of other selected points. In spatially distributed data such as hyperspectral imagery for land-cover classification, the act of labeling a point (i.e., determining the land-type) may involve physically traveling to a location and determining ground truth. In this case, both assumptions about label acquisition costs made by traditional active learning are broken, since costs will depend on physical locations and accessibility of all the visited points. This paper formulates and analyzes the novel problem of performing active learning on spatial data where label acquisition costs are proportional to distance traveled.
Tetramethylammonium is a muscarinic agonist in rat heart

Studies were designed to determine if tetramethylammonium (TMA), a quaternary amine that structurally resembles the cationic portion of acetylcholine, can affect cardiac function by acting on muscarinic receptors. Experiments examined effects of this cation on 1) the spontaneous beating rate of right atrial preparations isolated from rats, 2) force of contraction in isoproterenol-treated (0.1 microM) rat papillary muscle, and 3) quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB) binding to rat ventricular membranes. TMA elicited concentration-dependent (0.5-50 mM) negative chronotropic and negative inotropic actions that were antagonized by the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine. Radioligand studies showed that TMA acts as both a competitive and noncompetitive antagonist of [3H]QNB binding; the apparent dissociation constant for [3H]QNB was increased (0.092 +/- 0.025 nM in the absence of TMA; 1.14 +/- 0.204 nM in the presence of 50 mM TMA), whereas binding site density was decreased (148 +/- 26 and 65 +/- 4 fmol/mg in the absence and presence of 50 mM TMA, respectively). These results suggest that extracellular TMA can alter the function of rat heart by stimulating muscarinic receptors. This action should be considered when using this quaternary amine as a cation substitute.
Multiple stakeholder market orientation: a service-dominant logic perspective of the market orientation paradigm

The purpose of this research is to propose a comprehensive conceptualization of the market orientation construct that acknowledges the role of salient stakeholders in value co-creation. The proposed multiple stakeholder market orientation (MSMO) construct is a more broadly defined conceptualization of what it means to implement the marketing concept in a multi-stakeholder business environment. The construct is developed within the context of prevailing theoretical perspectives including the service-dominant logic of marketing, stakeholder theory, and the market orientation paradigm. Specifically, the construct is developed as an interconnected operant resource consisting of a stakeholder orientation, a systems orientation, and a shared value orientation.
Examining focus, duration, and classroom impact of literacy and mathematics professional development

ABSTRACTOver $18 billion is spent annually on professional development for in-service teachers. This study examined the focus, duration, and impact of professional development activities in which e...
Abstract 5288: Evaluating the potential to repurpose statins for ovarian cancer therapy

The recent exciting results using primary PARP inhibitor maintenance after upfront treatment for advanced ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers highlight the importance of identifying druggable vulnerabilities in this disease. The fact that not all ovarian cancer patients will benefit from PARP inhibitors or experience durable responses, places great emphasis on the need to identify additional therapies. Re-purposing existing FDA-approved drugs offers an opportunity to accelerate progress in this area. Statins are drugs primarily prescribed for hypercholesterolemia and have been intensely researched for decades. Some of this work has demonstrated, through epidemiologic approaches and limited experimental studies, that statins have anticancer properties. We hypothesized that statins can be repositioned as part of a therapeutic regimen for HGSOC. Here, we demonstrate that certain ovarian cancer cell lines are exquisitely sensitive to treatment with statins. Our ongoing studies reveal that HGSOC cells that are sensitive to stain treatment manifest an amplification of chromosome 1q21. Within this genomic region are the S100 proteins, previously identified as potential biomarkers in several cancer types, as well as the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1. We performed a Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) analysis on higher dose/short exposure, and low dose/longer exposure statin-treated cells. In both conditions, MCL1 levels were altered in statin-sensitive cell lines, while there was no such change in non-sensitive lines. After identifying MCL1 as a potential marker of response, Western blot analysis demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in protein level of MCL1 with increasing statin concentration. Additionally, a short pro-apoptotic splice variant of MCL1 was produced upon statin treatment, but only in the sensitive lines. Mechanistically, we find that phospho-YAP (inactive) is upregulated after statin treatment. This data corroborated previous research that suggested that multiple different statins decrease nuclear YAP. Given its role as an oncogene, the apparent ability of statins to deactivate YAP and downregulate MCL1 steers statins in a promising direction for their repositioning for future therapeutic use. Citation Format: Paul T. Kroeger, Ronny Drapkin. Evaluating the potential to repurpose statins for ovarian cancer therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5288.
2101. Impact of “Code Sepsis” on Antimicrobial Utilization at an Academic Medical Center

Background Balancing antimicrobial stewardship with sepsis management is a challenge. At our academic medical center, a “Code Sepsis” was implemented as a nursing driven initiative to improve early recognition and management of sepsis. Per protocol, Code Sepsis is activated in patients who meet two or more systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria due to a suspected infection to allow for early implementation of the sepsis bundle, which includes laboratory testing, fluid resuscitation, and antibiotic administration (Figure 1). We analyzed the impact that Code Sepsis had on antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients over a six month period.
CHAPTER 6 – COORDINATIZATION

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the different aspects of coordinatization. Any desarguesian projective plane is isomorphic to an algebraic incidence basis with elements from some particular number system. The chapter presents a description of these number systems that gives the abstract bond among the five number systems used in Bases. It is found that how the pappian property corresponds to the commutativity of multiplication in the number systems. The chapter presents the more general question of obtaining any projective plane as an algebraic incidence basis. There is a sense in which this can be done but the problem is much more general, in fact, to be considered at this time. It is suggested that to facilitate the emulation of the above construction in a projective plane, the Euclidean plane is considered to be imbedded into a projective plane. The projective points are distinct and no three are collinear. They can be also used to describe the projective lines and the construction of coordinates when interpreted in the imbedding. An ordered quadruple of distinct points such that no three are collinear will be called a coordinate system.
Minding the Gap: Clinical Manifestations of a Rare Type IV Hiatal Hernia.

Hiatal hernias are classified according to the increasing severity of protruding intra-abdominal viscera through the esophageal hiatus (types I-IV). Herein is the case of an elderly patient presenting with recent-onset dyspnea, postprandial gastroesophageal reflux, and hypoxemia. Imaging revealed a rare type IV hiatal hernia implicating the stomach and part of the pancreas. This case highlights the seemingly benign clinical manifestations of a massive hiatal hernia, despite its ability to complicate treatment or exacerbate comorbid conditions.
Evolving choice sets: The effect of dynamic (vs. static) choice sets on preferences

Abstract Most decision-making research examines static choice sets, with fixed options presented all at once. In contrast, people often make decisions from dynamic choice sets, in which new alternatives arise during the decision process. We show that compared to a static choice set, a dynamic choice set can systematically affect preferences, even when the final choice is from an identical set of options. Moreover, dynamic presentation can have opposite effects on preferences. To explain these patterns we propose a unified theory based on perceived variance of the attribute distribution. When dynamic presentation increases the perceived variance of a focal attribute, preferences shift towards the option that is best on that attribute. In contrast, when dynamic presentation reduces perceived variance of a focal attribute, preferences shift towards the option that is best on a non-focal attribute. Five studies examine this proposal using asymmetrically dominated and compromise choice sets.
Computation of the mitochondrial age distribution along the axon length

Here, we describe a compartmental model of mitochondrial transport in axons, which we apply to compute mitochondrial age at different distances from the soma. The model predicts that the average mitochondrial age at the tip of an axon with a length of 1 cm is approximately 20 hours. The mitochondria are youngest closest to the soma and their age scales approximately linearly with distance from the soma. To the best of the authors9 knowledge, this is the first attempt to predict the spatial distribution of mitochondrial age within an axon. A sensitivity study of the mean age of mitochondria to various model parameters is also presented.
The powers of public policy in Diverging Space for Deviants

In her sweeping yet carefully detailed historical study, Diverging Space for Deviants, Akira Drake Rodriguez demonstrates the critical connections between racial politics, racial inequality and pub...
Crystallographic studies of the structures of Au11(PPh3)7(SCN)3

Abstract The crystallization of two solvates of Au11(PPh3)7(SCN)3, 2Au11(PPh3)7(SCN)3·2C6H6·0.5EtOH (1) and Au11(PPh3)7(SCN)3·3EtOH (2), with (1) containing two independent molecules of the cluster, allows the positions of all of the ligands to finally be identified. Despite the bent nature of the thiocyanate ligands, they occupy similar sites to the ones that contain halogen ligands in Au11(PPh3)7Cl3, Au11(PPh3)7I3, and related molecules. However, the relative orientations of these thiocyanate ligands differ in the three cluster sites.
The stereotactic approach for mapping epileptic networks: a prospective study of 200 patients

Object. Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is a methodology that permits accurate 3D in vivo electroclinical recordings of epileptiform activity. Among other general indications for invasive intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring, its advantages include access to deep cortical structures, its ability to localize the epileptogenic zone when subdural grids have failed to do so, and its utility in the context of possible multifocal seizure onsets with the need for bihemispheric explorations. In this context, the authors present a brief historical overview of the technique and report on their experience with 2 SEEG techniques (conventional Leksell frame-based stereotaxy and frameless stereotaxy under robotic guidance) for the purpose of invasively monitoring difficult-to-localize refractory focal epilepsy. Methods. Over a period of 4 years, the authors prospectively identified 200 patients with refractory epilepsy who collectively underwent 2663 tailored SEEG electrode implantations for invasive intracranial EEG monitoring and extraoperative mapping. The first 122 patients underwent conventional Leksell frame-based SEEG electrode place ment; the remaining 78 patients underwent frameless stereotaxy under robotic guidance, following acquisition of a stereotactic ROSA robotic device at the authors’ institution. Electrodes were placed according to a preimplantation hypothesis of the presumed epileptogenic zone, based on a standardized preoperative workup including video-EEG monitoring, MRI, PET, ictal SPECT, and neuropsychological assessment. Demographic features, seizure semiology, number and location of implanted SEEG electrodes, and location of the epileptogenic zone were recorded and analyzed for all patients. For patients undergoing subsequent craniotomy for resection, the type of resection and procedure-related complications were prospectively recorded. These results were analyzed and correlated with pathological diagnosis and postoperative seizure outcomes. Results. The epileptogenic zone was confirmed by SEEG in 154 patients (77%), of which 134 (87%) underwent subsequent craniotomy for epileptogenic zone resection. Within this cohort, 90 patients had a minimum follow-up of at least 12 months; therein, 61 patients (67.8%) remained seizure free, with an average follow-up period of 2.4 years. The most common pathological diagnosis was focal cortical dysplasia Type I (55 patients, 61.1%). Per electrode, the surgical complications included wound infection (0.08%), hemorrhagic complications (0.08%), and a transient neurological deficit (0.04%) in a total of 5 patients (2.5%). One patient (0.5%) ultimately died due to intracerebral hematoma directly ensuing from SEEG electrode placement. Conclusions. Based on these results, SEEG methodology is safe, reliable, and effective. It is associated with minimal morbidity and mortality, and serves as a practical, minimally invasive approach to extraoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone in patients with refractory epilepsy.
Transmission of toxoplasmosis by leukocyte transfusion.

Four patients with acute leukemia developed toxoplasmosis following leukocyte transfusions from donors with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Serologic data, obtained from the donors retrospectively, revealed elevated antitoxoplasma antibody titers, suggesting that the transfused leukocytes were the source of the organism in the recipients.
TESTING FOR MODEL SELECTION IN PREDICTING AGGREGATE VARIABLES

This paper focuses on the choice between aggregate and disaggregate models, consisting of both univariate and multivariate specifications, in predicting aggregate variables. A formal hypothesis testing procedure for in-sample model selection is suggested. The empirical size and power of the test are investigated via the use of Monte Carlo simulations. Empirical results show that the test has good performance not only when the competitive models are non-nested specifications, but also when considering nested competitors.
Taking States Out of the Workplace

Current governance of the workplace originates from local, state, and federal governments. In some areas, such as private-sector labor law under the National Labor Relations Act, there is a single source of law supported by a unified enforcement scheme. Yet much of the time a given workplace dispute will fall under the laws of different jurisdictions, each of which gives rise to multiple causes of action. The result is an unjustifiably complex workplace governance system that undermines its own goals. Of more immediate concern is a recent movement to make this problem worse by increasing states' power to regulate the workplace. This argument, which is the latest iteration of a long-running federalism debate, has gained more traction recently because of the justified perception that recent enforcement of federal workplace laws has been inadequate. I agree that enforcement is a serious problem, but draw the opposite inference. If the goal is to increase enforcement of existing workplace protections, we should not only resist giving states more power; we should take away the power that they currently possess.
Sentido del humor y optimismo: Un estudio de validación

Este estudio pretendio validar una version adaptada al espanol de la Escala multidimensional de sentido del humor (Thorson & Powell, 1993) y de la de optimismo del Test de orientacion en la vida (Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 2001). En un primer momento, los instrumentos fueron aplicados en dos muestras, una de 222 individuos para la de sentido del humor y de 200 para la de Optimismo. Los analisis factoriales exploratorios revelaron una estructura de dos factores para la escala Sentido del humor, con indices de confiabilidad de .84 y .72 y una estructura unidimensional con un indice de confiabilidad de .78 para Optimismo. Despues los instrumentos fueron aplicados en una muestra de 913 beneficiarios adultos del programa Oportunidades de la zona central de Mexico. Aproximadamente el 68% de la muestra son beneficiarias de cuyos conyuges se recabaron datos. La edad promedio de la muestra es de 43.71 (±12.58) anos. No se observaron diferencias de genero en ninguno de los factores. Con esta muestra se realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio, que corroboro parcialmente la estructura factorial, ya que solo se encontro una dimension en la escala de Sentido del Humor.
Nurse Manager Succession Planning: A Concept Analysis

Purpose The current nursing leadership pipeline is inadequate and demands strategic succession planning methods. This article provides concept clarification regarding nurse manager succession planning. Conclusion Attributes common to succession planning include organizational commitment and resource allocation, proactive and visionary leadership approach, and a mentoring and coaching environment. Strategic planning, current and future leadership analysis, high-potential identification, and leadership development are succession planning antecedents. Consequences of succession planning are improved leadership and organizational culture continuity, and increased leadership bench strength. Practice Implications Health care has failed to strategically plan for future leadership. Developing a strong nursing leadership pipeline requires deliberate and strategic succession planning.
Malignant sublingual gland tumors: demographics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes

Objective To determine the demographic characteristics, prognostic factors, and optimal treatment modalities of patients diagnosed with malignant primary tumors of the sublingual gland. Materials and Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry contains 210 patients diagnosed with sublingual gland tumors in the SEER database. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed on age, sex, race, histologic subtype, stage, and treatment modality. Results Kaplan-Meier analysis found an overall survival and disease-specific survival at 5 years of 69% and 83%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age, sex, stage, and surgery were predictors of overall survival, whereas stage was a predictor of disease-specific survival. Conclusions Here we report, to our knowledge, the largest study to date investigating demographic characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment modalities of patients diagnosed with primary malignant tumors of the sublingual gland. Increased age and stage correlated with decreased survival, whereas female gender and surgical therapy correlated with increased survival in the overall population. Radiation therapy for patients diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma in the sublingual gland was correlated with increased survival.