cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Diel oxygen uptake in Chaoborus punctipennis (diptera : culicidae)

Oxygen consumption (µl/ mg dry wt. · hr−1 corrected to STP) in Chaoborus punctipennis was measured in a Gilson differential respirometer at two-hour intervals during 24-hour periods. Animals were held at controlled conditions similar to those at the time of collection. Respiration was measured under controlled temperatures and natural photoperiod. Measurements were begun about 36 hours after collection. Winter-collected animals showed a lower and more stable respiration than summer and fall-collected animals which did not differ from one another. Respiration increased with temperature becoming quite variable at 30°C where mortality was highest. Animals collected at different seasons and subjected to a variety of temperatures did not show a predictable pattern of respiration during the daily cycle under any condition tested. Since the 36-hour delay in respiration measurements could have dampened a diel cycle, oxygen consumption was determined within an hour of collection and followed for 24 hours. For this experiment animals were collected at six-hour intervals over a 24-hour period. Respiration did not show a predictable pattern of variation during the day-night cycle.
Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Latino patients admitted to an urban cardiac observation unit

Study objectives: Latino patients appear to have a higher prevalence of diabetes but lower prevalence of cardiovascular disease compared with black and white patients. Given this seeming contradiction, our hypothesis is that Latino patients have a distinct lipid profile that may reflect their increased diabetes and lower rates of cardiovascular disease. Methods: This was a retrospective study of a convenience sample of Latinos in an inner-city hospital coronary triage unit. Patients with atypical chest pain or an ECG nondiagnostic for acute ischemia were admitted for 24-hour cardiac monitoring and repeated cardiac marker sampling to rule out myocardial infarction. Fasting cholesterol panels were obtained for patients admitted to the observation area. Results: Two hundred forty-one patients were included. Of these, 138 (57%) were female patients. Mean total cholesterol level for the male patients was 175 mg/dL and for the female patients was 187.6 mg/dL (38% of the female patients and 27% of the male patients had a total cholesterol level >200 mg/dL). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels for male patients were 103.3 mg/dL and for female patients were 111.7 mg/dL. No individual had an LDL level greater than 197 mg/dL, with the majority (72%) having LDL levels less than 129 mg/dL. Conclusion: Although approximately one third of Latinos had elevated total cholesterol levels, LDL levels were unexpectedly low. Given that LDL is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease, this finding might partially explain the lower rates of cardiovascular disease seen in the Latino population compared with the black and white population.
Comparison of anterior chamber infusates on the intraocular pressure of intact rat eyes

Abstract 1. 1. Infusions of balanced salt solutions (BSS) into the eye often cause a delayed, gradual increase in intraocular pressure or outflow facility, known as the “washout” effect. The reason(s) is occult, especially at low input rates when drainage mechanisms are not overloaded by excessive volume input. However, direct, quantitative comparisons of BSSs used in ocular research have been reported infrequently. 2. 2. We compared the effects of three BSSs on intraocular pressure and the estimated resistance to drainage after a 1-hr, low-volume infusion into the anterior chambers of the eyes of anesthetized rats. 3. 3. The BSSs tested raised intraocular pressure ( P 4. 4. Fitting the ascending and descending portions of the mean pressure curves to an exponential revealed differences among the infusates. The Dulbecco solution resulted in minimal changes in time constant, gain, and offset during the ascending and descending periods. 5. 5. The data obtained show that different BSSs yield pressure curves that appear grossly similar, even though there were large differences in composition and osmotality. However, the underlying changes in ocular dynamics were not identical. Thus, it may be prudent to test more than one solvent to study “washout” or to deliver drugs directly into the anterior chamber.
Finding your cronies: static analysis for dynamic object colocation

This paper introduces dynamic object colocation, an optimization to reduce copying costs in generational and other incremental garbage collectors by allocating connected objects together in the same space. Previous work indicates that connected objects belong together because they often have similar lifetimes. Generational collectors, however, allocate all new objects in a nursery space. If these objects are connected to data structures residing in the mature space, the collector must copy them. Our solution is a cooperative optimization that exploits compiler analysis to make runtime allocation decisions. The compiler analysis discovers potential object connectivity for newly allocated objects. It then replaces these allocations with calls to coalloc, which takes an extra parameter called the colocator object. At runtime, coalloc determines the location of the colocator and allocates the new object together with it in either the nursery or mature space. Unlike pretenuring, colocation makes precise per-object allocation decisions and does not require lifetime analysis or allocation site homogeneity. Experimental results for SPEC Java benchmarks using Jikes RVM show colocation can reduce garbage collection time by 50% to 75%, and total performance by up to 1%.
An investigation of the triplet state dynamics of zinc chlorophyll b by microwave-induced changes in the intensity of fluorescence and singlet-singlet absorption☆

Abstract Optical detection of magnetic resonance experiments on the triplet state of zinc-substitution chlorophyll b has provided the zero-field splitting and depopulation rate constants for the individual triplet spin sublevels. The zero field triplet state EPR transitions could be observed at 890 MHz and 1085 MHz as either microwave-induced changes in the fluorescence intensity or in the intensity of S 0 → S n absorption. The dynamics experiments show that intersystem crossing from the Zn chlorophyll b triplet state into the ground state occurs primarily through the out-of-plane (lowest energy) spin sublevel.
DIMENSIONAL SIMPLIFICATION AND ECONOMIC THEORIES OF LEGISLATIVE BEHAVIOR

In many many places, the political parties and political contests seem to array themselves along a single dimension. If you look at their programs in detail it always turns out that it's much more complicated than that. But it would appear that in the minds of the voters they are literally frequently arrayed on a single continuum which, as a result of the organization of the French chamber of deputies, is usually referred to as a left/right.
WGA-BINDING, MUCIN GLYCOPROTEINS PROTECT THE APICAL CELL SURFACE OF MOUSE UTERINE EPITHELIAL CELLS

Expression of apical cell surface proteins and glycoproteins was examined in polarized primary cultures of mouse uterine epithelial cells (UEC). Lectin-gold cytochemistry revealed that wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) bound specifically to the components of the apical glycocalyx as well as intracellular vesicles. Double labeling with the pH sensitive dye 3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3'amino-N-methyldipropylamine (DAMP) demonstrated the acidic nature of the WGA-staining intracellular vesicles. The enzymatic and chemical sensitivities of the WGA binding sites on the apical cell surface were monitored both by WGA-gold staining as well as by 125I-WGA binding assays. In thin sections, a large fraction of these sites were removed by pronase; however, application of a wide variety of proteases, glycosidases, or chemical treatments to the apical surface of intact UEC failed to reduce WGA binding. In no case did treatments designed to remove sialic acids reduce 125I-WGA binding more than 12%. In contrast, endo-beta-galactosidase as well as a combination of beta-galactosidase with beta-hexosaminidase succeeded in removing 28% and 77% of these sites, respectively. These studies suggested that the majority of the apically disposed WGA binding sites involved N-acetylglucosamine residues rather than sialic acids and included lactosaminoglycans. Many of the proteins detected at the apical cell surface by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination were WGA-binding glycoproteins. A major class of these glycoproteins displayed Mr > 200 kDa by SDS-PAGE and was heavily labeled metabolically by 3H-glucosamine or by vectorial labeling at the apical cell surface with galactosyl transferase and UDP-3H-galactose. Analyses of the 3H-labeled oligosaccharides labeled by either procedure indicated that a large fraction of the apically disposed WGA-binding oligosaccharides consisted of neutral, O-linked mucin-type structures with median MW of approximately 1,500. Oligosaccharides in this fraction were partially (15%) sensitive to endo-beta-galactosidase digestion and bound to Datura stramonium agglutinin (68%), demonstrating the presence of lactosaminoglycan sequences. UEC were an extremely effective barrier to attachment or invasion by either a highly invasive melanoma cell line, B16-BL6, or implantation-competent mouse blastocysts. In contrast, neither uterine stromal cells nor a non-polarizing UEC cell line, RL95, prevented B16-BL6 attachment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Model rotor low frequency broadband noise at moderate tip speeds

The results of an experimental investigation of low frequency broadband noise (LFBN) radiated from model helicopter rotors are presented. The results are for a range of tip Mach numbers (Mt) up to 0.50. The effect of rotor blade loading, advance ratio, tip speed, number of blades and free stream turbulence on the sound pressure level (SPL) and the spectrum of LFBN have been investigated. The peak SPL of LFBN appears to follow an M(4) law if the effect of rms turbulence velocity is removed. The peak SPL of LFBN seems to saturate with increases in advance ratio and with blade loading, and is proportional to the square of the turbulence integral scale when the effect of rms turbulence velocity and Mt are removed. Also, a simple peak SPL scaling law for noise from a helicopter rotor in forward flight due to convected sinusoidal gust is developed. The trend predicted by this scaling law is found to be satisfactory for the variation of the peak SPL of LFBN with tip speed.
A method for colorimetric assay of inositol and some of its phosphate derivatives

Abstract A method is described for the colorimetric determination of inositol and some of its monophosphate derivatives. The method can be used for multiple concurrent analyses and working time is relatively short. As in other analytical methods, large amounts of sugars and amino sugars interfere. However, controlled degradation of these substances is incorporated into this method and only a small color correction need be applied to compensate for the degradation products.
True Aneurysm of the Radial Artery: Report of a Case with Long‐Term Follow‐Up

Reports on aneurysm of the arteries of the wrist and hand are relatively rare. Presented here is a case of true aneurysm of the radial artery in a 41-year-old man. The patient had an enlarging painful swelling on the volar aspect of the left wrist, of six months’ duration. Under local anesthesia, a transverse incision over the wrist crease revealed an arterial aneurysm. The aneurysm was excised, followed by end-to-end anastomosis. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged nine days after the operation. A follow-up arteriogram, five years later, showed a patent radial artery with good blood flow. This is an excellent example of a successful reconstructive surgical procedure involving a small artery.
Large-area silicon immersion echelle gratings and grisms for IR spectroscopy

We present design examples for instruments making use of micromachined silicon grisms and immersion gratings. The capabilities of high index grisms, transmission grating-prism hybrids, open up new possibilities in compact IR spectrograph design with spectral resolving power, R~500-5000. Coarsely grooved immersion gratings will provide for unique high resolution spectrograph designs in the near and mid-infrared (resolving power, R~104-105). The high refractive index of silicon shortens the required grating depth, to produce a given resolving power, by up to a factor of 3.4. Alternatively, at a given resolving power, an immersion grating can allow a spectrograph slit to be widened by this factor relative to an instrument using a grating illuminated in air or vacuum; this increases the instrument sensitivity without degrading the spectral resolution. Our analysis here illustrates the potential of these devices to improve spectrograph throughput, spectral resolution, and wavelength coverage while reducing the required instrument volume relative to similar instruments using non-immersed diffraction gratings and low index prisms and grisms.© (2002) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Mortar Upscaling for Multiphase Flow in Porous Media

In mortar space upscaling methods, a reservoir is decomposed into a series of subdomains (blocks) in which independently constructed numerical grids and possibly different physical models and discretization techniques can be employed in each block. Physically meaningful matching conditions are imposed on block interfaces in a numerically stable and accurate way using mortar finite element spaces. Coarse mortar grids and fine subdomain grids provide two-scale approximations. In the resulting effective solution flow is computed in subdomains on the fine scale while fluxes are matched on the coarse scale. In addition the flexibility to vary adaptively the number of interface degrees of freedom leads to more accurate multiscale approximations. This methodology has been implemented in the Center for Subsurface Modeling’s multiphysics multiblock simulator IPARS (Integrated Parallel Accurate reservoir Simulator). Computational experiments demonstrate that this approach is scalable in parallel and it can be applied to non-matching grids across the interface, multinumerics and multiphysics models, and mortar adaptivity. Moreover unlike most upscaling approaches the underlying systems can be treated fully implicitly.
Cardiovascular adaptation to partial heart-lung bypass.

Partial heart-lung bypass was performed in open-chest dogs, using the gravity arterial in-fusion technique. Arterial infusion pressure, venous suction and pressures in the left ventricle, aortic arch, and airways were phasically recorded. The mean flow in the aortic arch and the blood content of the extracorporeal circuit were continuously recorded. According to the height of the bag oxygenator above the heart level, partial heart-lung bypass resulted in a shift of blood either from the extracorporeal circuit into the animal or vice versa. When the body blood volume was increased by the bypass procedure, the cardiac output decreased only slightly. When the body blood volume was diminished by the bypass procedure, the cardiac output dropped markedly. It was found that when the systemic arterial pressure was maintained at approximately normal levels, independent of cardiac output, the change in cardiac output was proportional to the change in the body blood volume.
Pediatric Hypertension Specialists’ Perspectives About Adolescent Hypertension Management Implications for Primary Care Providers

Background. The current specialty-centric hypertension paradigm is unsustainable given the high prevalence of primary hypertension in adolescents. Objective. To describe specialists’ perspectives on referral and comanagement for adolescents with hypertension. Methods. Cross-sectional mailed survey of a national sample of 397 pediatric cardiologists and 389 pediatric nephrologists, conducted January to May 2014. Results. Response rate was 61%. Both specialties agreed that primary care providers can make the hypertension diagnosis, try lifestyle changes, and comanage monitoring of patient blood pressure control and medication side effects, but they felt antihypertensive medication use should mainly occur in the specialty setting. Conclusions. Our study suggests specialist support for changing the hypertension paradigm to encourage primary care providers, in collaboration with specialists, to diagnose hypertension, initiate lifestyle changes, and monitor progress and side effects. Future work should focus on...
Control of chaos-a survey

Controlling chaos is a new concept, which has drawn much attention from the communities of engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedical sciences, mathematics, and social sciences. This paper offers an overview of different approaches to the control of chaos for various nonlinear dynamic systems. The purpose of presenting this survey is to further promote new efforts devoted to this challenging and promising field of research, as well as its potential applications, in nonlinear systems science and engineering. >
A Knudsen pump using nanoporous zeolite for atmospheric pressure operation

This paper describes the use of naturally occurring nanoporous zeolite (clinoptilolite) for a miniature Knudsen pump. Based on the principle of thermal transpiration, these pumps have no moving parts, and are attractive for applications ranging from gas analyzers to cooling systems. The Knudsen pump requires flow channels that are in the free molecular or transitional flow regimes. Consequently, at atmospheric pressure, the pore diameters should be les100 nm, and large numbers of pores are necessary to permit meaningful flow. The initial prototype, operating at ap50 K above room temperature, achieves a flow rate of ap0.12 seem with a small pressure load at the output, or a maximum pressure of ap2.5 kPa when the flow is blocked. Its packaged volume is 55times55times12 mm .
Preliminary studies on Ramularia crupinae sp. nov. as a potential biological control agent for common crupina (Crupina vulgaris) in the USA

SUMMARY Common crupina, Crupina vulgaris (Asteraceae), is an alien weed of pastures and disturbed noncrop lands in the western USA. Research is underway in Europe to search for the natural enemies to control the weed. Among various natural enemies attacking C vulgaris, a new fungal species, Ramularia crupinae, has been found to cause serious damage to the weed. The fungus has been grown on various media and a modified V8 juice agar has proved to be suitable for both growth and sporulation. Greenhouse and field studies have shown that R. crupinae can kill infected leaves, thus reducing the plant growth, and in severe cases can kill the young plants. During preliminary host-range tests using various members of the Asteraceae, including artichoke and safflower, the fungus attacked only C. vulgaris.
Comparing The Performance And Importance Of Trade And Inventory Policies Of Large Cap And Mid Cap Retailers

A company’s trade and inventory policies determine the holding periods incurred to collect the accounts receivable, to convert inventories into sales, and to pay off the accounts payable. In this study, holding days for accounts receivable (AR), inventories (IV), and accounts payable (AP) of large cap and mid cap retailers for the years 2008 to 2012 were analyzed, compared, and regressed on return on assets (ROA). Results indicate that these holding days remain constant over time despite the late 2007 to mid-2009 U.S. recession. Comparative results show large cap retailers have shorter AR, same IV, and longer AP than mid cap retailers. Regression results conclude that for both large cap and mid cap retailers, IV is not correlated while shorter AR (collect sooner) is correlated with higher ROA. For large cap retailers, longer AP (pay later) is correlated with higher ROA, but for mid cap retailers, shorter AP (pay sooner) is correlated with higher ROA. Difference in bargaining power is suggested as the explanation for this discrepancy.
A simple and sensitive enzymatic method for cholesterol quantification in macrophages and foam cells

A precise and sensitive method for measuring cellular free and esterified cholesterol is required in order to perform studies of macrophage cholesterol loading, metabolism, storage, and efflux. Until now, the use of an enzymatic cholesterol assay, commonly used for aqueous phase plasma cholesterol assays, has not been optimized for use with solid phase samples such as cells, due to inefficient solubilization of total cholesterol in enzyme compatible solvents. We present an efficient solubilization protocol compatible with an enzymatic cholesterol assay that does not require chemical saponification or chromatographic separation. Another issue with enzyme compatible solvents is the presence of endogenous peroxides that interfere with the enzymatic cholesterol assay. We overcame this obstacle by pretreatment of the reaction solution with the enzyme catalase, which consumed endogenous peroxides resulting in reduced background and increased sensitivity in our method. Finally, we demonstrated that this method for cholesterol quantification in macrophages yields results that are comparable to those measured by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. In conclusion, we describe a sensitive, simple, and high-throughput enzymatic method to quantify cholesterol in complex matrices such as cells.
Analysis of a Ring with a Hinged Cross Section

In searching for a ring structure that could be folded and stored in minimum space, it has been proposed to construct a ring by lacing together three elements into a basic channel cross section. The three elements are the upper and lower flanges (see Fig. 1) and a web—all full rings of rectangular cross section. The elements are joined at the ends of the web by fine wire stitched through small holes drilled through the thickness of the flanges and web. Essentially, the lacing consists of a large number of loops joining the web to the flanges at the ends of the web. The resulting assembly constitutes a ring whose cross section may distort in a limited sense. As a first approximation, it is assumed that the lacing 1) allows the flanges to rotate freely with respect to the web at the joints, 2) allows the flanges to slide freely in the circumferential direction with respect to the web at the joints, and 3) maintains continuity of the radial and axial components of displacement of the flanges and web at the joints. The ring assembly is supported at three equidistant points along its periphery so as to constrain the displacement but not necessarily the rotation of the cross section about its normal. There may also exist bulkheads, located at discrete stations around the periphery, to constrain the flanges to rotate with the web. The ring assembly is assumed to be loaded by a uniform distribution of radial and transverse loads applied to the web through its centroid. The analysis of the ring assembly is an application of the principle of virtual work taken within the framework of small displacement theory. With the components of the displacement field expressed approximately in terms of generalized displacements, the principle is used to determine the form they must take. If the generalized displacements are further expressed in Fourier series, the constraints introduced by the supports and bulkheads can be conveniently accounted for by the introduction of Lagrange multipliers. The basic element of the ring assembly is taken to be a full ring of constant, rectangular, cross section. Arbitrary points in the cross section are located by the coordinates £, £. The coordinates £, £ are centroidal and the corresponding axis are principal.
CellCODE: a robust latent variable approach to differential expression analysis for heterogeneous cell populations.

Motivation: Identifying alterations in gene expression associated with different clinical states is important for the study of human biology. However, clinical samples used in gene expression studies are often derived from heterogeneous mixtures with variable cell-type composition, complicating statistical analysis. Considerable effort has been devoted to modeling sample heterogeneity, and presently, there are many methods that can estimate cell proportions or pure cell-type expression from mixture data. However, there is no method that comprehensively addresses mixture analysis in the context of differential expression without relying on additional proportion information, which can be inaccurate and is frequently unavailable. Results: In this study, we consider a clinically relevant situation where neither accurate proportion estimates nor pure cell expression is of direct interest, but where we are rather interested in detecting and interpreting relevant differential expression in mixture samples. We develop a method, Cell-type COmputational Differential Estimation (CellCODE), that addresses the specific statistical question directly, without requiring a physical model for mixture components. Our approach is based on latent variable analysis and is computationally transparent; it requires no additional experimental data, yet outperforms existing methods that use independent proportion measurements. CellCODE has few parameters that are robust and easy to interpret. The method can be used to track changes in proportion, improve power to detect differential expression and assign the differentially expressed genes to the correct cell type. Availability and implementation: The CellCODE R package can be downloaded at http://www.pitt.edu/∼mchikina/CellCODE/ or installed from the GitHub repository ‘mchikina/CellCODE’. Contact: ude.ttip@anikihcm Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Connecting structure with function in metal–organic frameworks to design novel photo- and radioluminescent materials

The exemplary structural versatility and permanent porosity of Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and their consequent potential for breakthroughs in diverse applications have caused these hybrid materials to become the focus of vigorous investigation. These properties also hold significance for applications beyond those traditionally envisioned for microporous materials, such as radiation detection and other luminescence-based sensing applications. In this contribution we demonstrate that luminescence induced by ionizing radiation (also known as scintillation) is common in appropriately designed MOFs and describe how this property can be harnessed to generate novel materials useful for detecting radiation. Through a diverse selection of MOFs, we explore the structural properties of MOFs that give rise to scintillation and photoluminescence in these materials. These results enable us to define a new structure-based hierarchical system for understanding luminescent properties in MOFs. Finally, we describe some performance metrics for MOF-based scintillation counters, such as luminosity and resistance to radiation damage, and discuss how these materials relate to the current state of the art in scintillation counters.
Vocabulary and Taxonomy Issues When Searching Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Health LiteratureT health literature

Objective: To describe the gaps in existing vocabularies and taxonomies that are used to retrieve literature on health issues for LGBT adolescents in order to build a working ontology of appropriate terms. Methods: A formal literature search on healthcare concerns of LGBT adolescents was done, using indices to the literature of the health sciences, the social and psycho-social sciences, and the information sciences. No terms from standard subject heading lists and controlled vocabularies such as MeSH®, the Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms®, the ERIC Thesaurus®, and the MedlinePlus® Consumer Vocabulary, exist that adequately describe this literature, making precise retrieval difficult. A search using keywords and text words yielded 80 articles, and a careful reading of the articles prompted this effort to develop an ontology of “gay-sensitive” terms from the consumer informatics perspective. Results: A first-step model of LGBT terms, derived from the published research literature, is presented, which offers a more appropriate set of terms to use when searching the multi-disciplinary literature that reports current research on health concerns of LGBT adolescents. If an ontology can be developed, tested, and described for this topic, it will add to the sparse literature on consumer terminology for informatics applications.
Quantitative Trait Locus on Chromosome 19 for Circulating Levels of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Mexican Americans

Abstract Circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) is a biochemical marker of inflammation. We performed variance-components-based quantitative genetic analyses in SOLAR of sICAM-1 in 1170 individuals from Mexican American families in the San Antonio Family Heart Study. The trait is heritable ( h 2 =0.50±0.06, P −6 ). Multipoint linkage analysis using a ∼10-cM microsatellite map revealed a region on Chromosome 19p near marker D19S586 showing strong evidence of linkage for sICAM-1 (empirically adjusted univariate-equivalent LOD=4.95), coincident with the structural gene ICAM1 . This region has been identified previously as a QTL for inflammatory, autoimmune, and metabolic syndrome traits. There is significant evidence ( P =0.0023) of locus heterogeneity for sICAM-1 in this sample: a subset of pedigrees contributes most of the linkage signal for sICAM-1 on Chromosome 19, suggesting a logical focus for future genetic dissection of the trait.
Aliphatic Polyamine Oxidation Reaction Mechanism at Boron-doped Microcrystalline and Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Electrodes

The oxidation reaction mechanism of several aliphatic polyamines was studied using diamond electrodes with different doping levels and non-diamond carbon impurity content. The important roles of surface boron and localized non-diamond carbon sites in the polyamine oxidation reaction mechanism were confirmed. A well defined oxidation peak was seen for all the amines that was dependent on the onset potential for water discharge. Epox shifted negative and the ipox increased with increasing solution pH. ipox also increased with increasing boron doping level or surface boron site density. FIA-EC analysis revealed a reproducible response for the aliphatic polyamines in a binary solvent (7/93 %) acetonitrile/borate buffer, pH 11.2. Optimum signal-to-background ratios for the aliphatic polyamines were seen at potentials between 650 and 670 mV.
A new blind time-domain channel identification method based on cyclostationarity

A blind channel identification scheme based on oversampling the channel output and employing a (discrete) cyclic correlation function similar to Gardner (1991) is proposed. It is shown that the known results on blind identifiability follow directly. Further, this connection suggests a new and efficient time-domain algorithm for blind channel identification that is applied to some representative examples. >
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management in the USA.

Perpetually enveloped in a haze of elusive criteria, hastily drawn conclusions, academic nit-picking and media-inspired sensationalism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) never lacks for its share of controversy. Indeed, clinicians and patients on both sides of the Atlantic have good reason to be bewildered by what must often seem like constantly shifting diagnostic sands. Treatment strategies also fade in and out of professional and public acceptance. Yet, despite the many well-publicized debates about the management of ADHD, it would be inaccurate to portray this arena as wholly chaotic. After all, clinical researchers can point to a vast body of published work that offers ample information about genetic and family factors, the life history of the disorder, predictors of outcome, and the relative benefits of medical, educational, and parent-oriented treatments1'2. And while no one could fairly claim a monolithic American perspective on ADHD, a rough consensus has emerged within the professional community about some of the central issues associated with clinical management. Rather than review already-published diagnostic criteria, rehash oft-described symptom clusters, or develop an argument that the US approach to ADHD is somehow superior, I would instead like to consider some of the essential assumptions that, for most of us, drive the identification and treatment of this disorder. Perhaps by revisiting several of these fundamental principles, it is easier to cut through at least some of the hyperbole and clutter (for a more complete review, see refs 3 and 4).
The challenge for the person of the therapist in the work with disadvantaged families

Socially disadvantaged families present special challenges to therapists. Within the families themselves the family relationships are often underorganized, that is lacking in firm structure and functional coherence. They also live in social circumstances that are not only unsupportive, but also actively destructive. The families struggle to cope with life's challenges, and may be guarded and untrusting of professionals who, while wanting to help, may appear to the families as intrusive and insensitive to a family's plight. This article identifies six basic therapeutic tasks that the authors believe essential to work with socially disadvantaged families. It also introduces a particular approach, The Person-of-the- Therapist Model, to therapists' use of themselves in the work with these families. It emphasizes therapists relating and working through their own life experiences, especially their personal vulnerabilities, as a medium through their own life experiences, especially their personal vulnerabilities, as a medium through to relate to the pain and brokenness of these emotionally and socially vulnerable families.
An Environmental Blueprint for California: How Governor Brown Can Ensure the State’s Environmental Health and Economic Prosperity

Governor Brown’s return to the Capitol comes at a critical moment in California’s history. The State’s long-term prosperity is vulnerable to climate change, energy insecurity, environmental threats to public health, and a growing scarcity of key resources.Governor Brown must first strengthen California’s foundation for environmental protection, as described in Part I of our blueprint. Stable, robust funding for core environmental regulatory activities will set the tone for California’s future. California’s foundation for environmental protection will be tested by climate and energy instability. Part II of our blueprint explains how a combination of initiatives can promote renewable energy opportunities, emphasize energy efficiency, foster green, livable communities and make California more resilient to a changing climate. In traditional areas of environmental regulation, many cost-effective initiatives are available to California that would benefit both the environment and the economy. Part III of our blueprint details specific actions that the Governor should support in the areas of water pollution, water supply, coastal resources, chemical risks, air quality, and biodiversity. By creating and maintaining a healthy environment for all Californians, the State can ensure a robust future for its residents and businesses.
Emotion Socialization in Anxious Youth: Parenting Buffers Emotional Reactivity to Peer Negative Events

Anxious youth exhibit heightened emotional reactivity, particularly to social-evaluative threat, such as peer evaluation and feedback, compared to non-anxious youth. Moreover, normative developmental changes during the transition into adolescence may exacerbate emotional reactivity to peer negative events, particularly for anxious youth. Therefore, it is important to investigate factors that may buffer emotional reactivity within peer contexts among anxious youth. The current study examined the role of parenting behaviors in child emotional reactivity to peer and non-peer negative events among 86 anxious youth in middle childhood to adolescence (Mean age = 11.29, 54 % girls). Parenting behavior and affect was observed during a social-evaluative laboratory speech task for youth, and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods were used to examine youth emotional reactivity to typical daily negative events within peer and non-peer contexts. Results showed that parent positive behaviors, and low levels of parent anxious affect, during the stressful laboratory task for youth buffered youth negative emotional reactivity to real-world negative peer events, but not non-peer events. Findings inform our understanding of parenting influences on anxious youth's emotional reactivity to developmentally salient negative events during the transition into adolescence.
Chromosomal Puffs in Drosophila Induced by Hydrocortisone Phosphate.

SummaryHydrocortisone phosphate has been shown to induce many puffs in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. The left arm of chromosome 3 and the right arm of chromosome 2 were analyzed in detail. In these arm specific puffs were induced in late third instar larvae.
Joint Liability Approaches to Regulating Recruitment

This paper argues that efforts to regulate global labor recruitment for low-wage work should target the firm at the top of the labor supply chain (ie, the ultimate employer of the recruited workers, or -- where that employer is a subcontractor -- the end user firm to which the employer provides goods or services) as the actor in the best position to take responsibility for violations of the labor recruiters in its subcontracting network. In support of this assertion, I present and analyze six new case studies of governments and civil society organizations that have piloted this approach. I conclude with a set of best practices to guide the next generation of organizing and regulatory initiatives in this field. A version of this paper will be published in early 2015 by the International Labor Organization.
Monitoring and improving the effectiveness of surface cleaning and disinfection

Disinfection of noncritical environmental surfaces and equipment is an essential component of an infection prevention program. Noncritical environmental surfaces and noncritical medical equipment surfaces may become contaminated with infectious agents and may contribute to cross-transmission by acquisition of transient hand carriage by health care personnel. Disinfection should render surfaces and equipment free of pathogens in sufficient numbers to prevent human disease (ie, hygienically clean).
The effect of distributed electricity generation using natural gas on the electric and natural gas grids

Abstract The efficient and economical design and operation of individual small-scale distributed generation (DG) units has received considerable attention. It is now plausible to envision a future scenario where a large number of such units, spanning capacities from the kW to the MW scale, are deployed in a region. As distributed electricity generation using natural gas becomes more widespread, the dependency of the electric grid on the natural gas grid will increase. This concerns multiple interaction points along the two networks, and reaches beyond the natural gas demand of large-scale load following or baseload gas-fired powerplants. More specifically, a better understanding is required of the potential changes in the dynamic behavior and interaction of the electricity and natural gas grids at or close to residential use sites (neighborhoods), where the small-scale DG infrastructure is likely to be located. In this paper, an optimization-based framework is developed for analyzing the operation of an ensemble of small-scale natural gas fueled DG units, and quantify their ability to flatten the electric grid load (i.e., reduce the peak demand) of the neighborhood that they serve. Our analysis relies on realistic energy use data and takes into account capacity limitations of the current natural gas distribution infrastructure, centralized vs. decentralized control of the DG unit operation, equipment durability considerations, heating preferences of home users, and seasonal effects. There is a substantial increase in natural gas consumption near consumers for all scenarios considered, which has implications for the control of the natural gas grid. We demonstrate the importance of having a centralized decision-making scheme when multiple distributed generation resources are present, and make recommendations for the optimal sizing of generators.
Product Liability: An Important Dimension of Marketing Strategy

Marketing decision makers are faced with a crisis in product liability law which impacts virtually every area of marketing decisionmaking. A brief review of the current crisis is presented and underlying causal factors are identified. Strategic implications are emphasized and the prospects for federal product liability reform are discussed.
Promoting uptake of child HIV testing: an evaluation of the role of a home visiting program for orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa

ABSTRACTHIV counseling and testing (HCT) is critical for children in generalized epidemic settings, but significant shortfalls in coverage persist, notably among orphans and others at disproportionate risk of infection. This study investigates the impact of a home visiting program in South Africa on orphaned and vulnerable children’s uptake of HCT. Using propensity score matching, survey data for children receiving home visits from trained community-based care workers were compared to data from children living in similar households that had not yet received home visits (n = 1324). Home visits by community-based care workers increased the odds of a child being tested by 97% (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.34–2.92). The home visitation program had an especially pronounced effect on orphans, more than doubling their odds of being tested (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.00–4.47) compared to orphans living in similar households that did not receive home visits. Orphan status alone had no effect on HCT independent of program expo...
CK2 blockade causes MPNST cell apoptosis and promotes degradation of β-catenin

// Jed J. Kendall 1 , Katherine E. Chaney 1 , Ami V. Patel 1 , Tilat A. Rizvi 1 , David A. Largaespada 2 , Nancy Ratner 1 1 Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA 2 Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA Correspondence to: Nancy Ratner, email: Nancy.Ratner@cchmc.org Keywords: MPNST, CK2, G2 arrest, NF1, β-catenin Received: March 10, 2016 Accepted: June 07, 2016 Published: July 18, 2016 ABSTRACT Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft tissue sarcomas that are a major cause of mortality of Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. MPNST patients have few therapeutic options available and only complete surgical resection can be curative. MPNST formation and survival are dependent on activated β-catenin signaling. The goal of this study was to determine if inhibition of the CK2 enzyme can be therapeutically exploited in MPNSTs, given CK2’s role in mainta ining oncogenic phenotypes including stabilization of β-catenin. We found that CK2α is over-expressed in MPNSTs and is critical for maintaining cell survival, as the CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945 (Silmitasertib), and shRNA targeting CK2α each significantly reduce MPNST cell viability. These effects were preceded by loss of critical signaling pathways in MPNSTs, including destabilization of β-catenin and TCF8. CX-4945 administration in vivo slowed tumor growth and extends survival time. We conclude that CK2 inhibition is a promising approach to blocking β-catenin in MPNST cells, although combinatorial therapies may be required for maximal efficacy.
Review of Existing Brace Adherence Monitoring Methods to Assess Adherence

ABSTRACTIntroductionOutcomes of therapeutic orthopedic brace treatments are highly dependent on adherence. Medical brace adherence studies over several years have noted the poor adherence rates among many orthopedic and orthodontic medical braces. Lack of adherence has been demonstrated in many stud
Doktor Gräsler, Badearzt: Weather as an Aspect of Schnitzler's Symbolism

(1968). Doktor Grasler, Badearzt: Weather as an Aspect of Schnitzler's Symbolism. The Germanic Review: Literature, Culture, Theory: Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 109-119.
Building knowledge graph from public data for predictive analysis: a case study on predicting technology future in space and time

A domain expert can process heterogeneous data to make meaningful interpretations or predictions from the data. For example, by looking at research papers and patent records, an expert can determine the maturity of an emerging technology and predict the geographic location(s) and time (e.g., in a certain year) where and when the technology will be a success. However, this is an expert- and manual-intensive task. This paper presents an end-to-end system that integrates heterogeneous data sources into a knowledge graph in the RDF (Resource Description Framework) format using an ontology. Then the user can easily query the knowledge graph to prepare the required data for different types of predictive analysis tools. We show a case study of predicting the (geographic) center(s) of fuel cell technologies using data collected from public sources to demonstrate the feasibility of our system. The system extracts, cleanses, and augments data from public sources including research papers and patent records. Next, the system uses an ontology-based data integration method to generate knowledge graphs in the RDF format to enable users to switch quickly between machine learning models for predictive analytic tasks. We tested the system using the Support Vector Machine and Multiple Hidden Markov Models and achieved 66.7% and 83.3% accuracy on the city and year levels of spatial and temporal resolutions, respectively.
Emerging Causes of Arbovirus Encephalitis in North America: Powassan, Chikungunya, and Zika Viruses

Arboviruses are arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes, ticks, or other arthropods. Arboviruses are a common and an increasing cause of human illness in North America. Powassan virus, Chikungunya virus, and Zika virus are arboviruses that have all recently emerged as increasing causes of neurologic illness. Powassan virus almost exclusively causes encephalitis, but cases are rare, sporadic, and restricted to portions of North America and Russia. Chikungunya virus has spread widely across the world, causing millions of infections. Encephalitis is a rare manifestation of illness but is more common and severe in neonates and older adults. Zika virus has recently spread through much of the Americas and has been associated mostly with microcephaly and other congenital neurologic complications. Encephalitis occurring in infected adults has also been recently reported. This review will discuss the neuropathogenesis of these viruses, their transmission and geographic distribution, the spectrum of their neurologic manifestations, and the appropriate method of diagnosis.