cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reading Job as a Kierkegaardian Text: The Incarnation of Indirect Communication

Soren Kierkegaard offers two different readings of the book of Job, one in his book Repetition and the other in one of his “upbuilding discourses” published during the same year. This essay contextualizes Kierkegaard’s authorship and argues that he presents Job as a maieutic text designed not to teach certain content, but rather to force the reading subject to wrestle with contradiction and criticize a number of viewpoints, including the reader’s own presuppositions. In the end, the maueitic text does not offer any answers: It merely encourages the birth of the critical subject. Exegetical examples focusing on the prologue and Job’s speeches in Job 9 explore the potential for more thoroughgoing maieutic readings of the book of Job.
The articulation of lexical and post-lexical palatalization in Korean.

Palatalization in Korean is of two types - lexical palatalization governed by language-specific phonological rules, and postlexical palatalization that appears to be purely phonetic. While lexical palatalization only occurs when a morpheme boundary intervenes between a target consonant and a palatalization trigger, post-lexical palatalization occurs irrespective of the presence of a morpheme boundary. This study investigates whether these two types of palatalization and different morphological structures of words manifest as distinct tongue gestures using ultrasound imaging of 4 native speakers of Korean. Comparison of the ultrasound tongue contours shows that the gestural distinction between lexical and post-lexical palatalization may not be the same across individual speakers. Furthermore, the effects of morpheme boundaries are not uniform across different coronal consonants and speakers in terms of tongue gestures. The findings from this study provide further empirical evidence for the role of morphological structures in coarticulation, and are in line with mounting evidence for speaker-specific variability in speech production. Index Terms: speech production, ultrasound, palatalization, Korean
The Multidimensional Nature of Resilience to Spousal Loss

Spousal loss can be one of the most devastating events to occur across one's life, resulting in difficulties across different spheres of adjustment; yet, past research on resilience to bereavement has primarily focused on single adjustment indicators. We applied growth mixture modeling to data from 421 participants from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia Study who experienced spousal loss during the course of the study to examine (a) the extent to which individuals appear to be resilient across 3 indicators of subjective well-being-life satisfaction, negative affect, and positive affect, and 2 indicators of health-perceptions of general health and physical functioning-and (b) factors that might promote resilience. Approximately 66%, 19% and 26% individuals showed resilient trajectories, respectively, for life satisfaction, negative affect, and positive affect, whereas 37% and 28% showed resilience, respectively, for perceptions of general health and physical functioning. When we considered all 5 indicators simultaneously, only 8% showed "multidimensional" resilience, whereas 20% showed a non-resilient trajectory across all 5 indicators. The strongest predictors of resilient trajectories were continued engagement in everyday life activities and in social relationships, followed by anticipation that people would comfort them in times of distress. Overall, our findings demonstrate that resilience in the face of spousal bereavement is less common than previously thought. More importantly, they underscore the critical importance of multidimensional approaches while operationalizing doing well in the context of serious life adversities. (PsycINFO Database Record
Primary CNS Lymphoma

Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is typically confined to the brain, eyes, and cerebrospinal fluid without evidence of systemic spread. The prognosis of patients with PCNSL has improved during the last decades with the introduction of high-dose methotrexate. However, despite recent progress, results after treatment are durable in half of patients, and therapy can be associated with late neurotoxicity. PCNSL is an uncommon tumor, and only four randomized trials and one phase III trial have been completed so far, all in the first-line setting. To our knowledge, no randomized trial has been conducted for recurrent/refractory disease, leaving many questions unanswered about optimal first-line and salvage treatments. This review will give an overview of the presentation, evaluation, and treatment of immunocompetent patients with PCNSL.
Engineering methods to reduce aflatoxin contamination of corn in on-farm bin drying and storage systems

On-farm, in-bin drying of corn is weather dependent process that requires a careful selection of drying strategy in a locality to prevent reduction in the grain quality. This study simulated drying...
The Regulation of Tornado Intensity by Updraft Width

AbstractStrong to violent tornadoes cause a disproportionate amount of damage, in part because the width and length of a tornado damage track are correlated to tornado intensity (as now estimated through enhanced Fujita scale ratings). The tendency expressed in the observational record is that the most intense tornadoes are often the widest. Herein the authors explore the simple hypothesis that wide intense tornadoes should form more readily out of wide rotating updrafts. This hypothesis is based on an application of Kelvin’s circulation theorem, which is used to argue that the large circulation associated with a wide intense tornado is more plausibly associated with a wide mesocyclone. Because a mesocyclone is, strictly speaking, a rotating updraft, the mesocyclone width should increase with increasing updraft width. A simple mathematical model that is quantified using observations of mesocyclones supports this hypothesis, as do idealized numerical simulations of supercellular thunderstorms.
Characters of Modules of Irrational Vertex Algebras

We review several properties of characters of vertex algebra modules in connection to q-series and modular-like objects. Four representatives of conformal vertex algebras: regular, C 2-cofinite, tamely irrational and wild, are discussed from various points of view.
Role of Feed-Forward Inhibition in Neocortical Information Processing: Implications for Neurological Disorders

A major well-documented feature of cortical functional organization is the presence of prominent broadly tuned feed-forward inhibition in the input layer 4, in which local layer 4 inhibitory cells receive direct thalamocortical input and in turn suppress responses of neighboring layer 4 excitatory cells to their thalamocortical drive, thereby sharpening their receptive field properties. Here we review the evidence that the presence of broadly tuned feed-forward inhibition in layer 4 turns local layer 4 domains into functional analogs of Radial Basis Function networks, enabling layer 4 to contribute importantly to sensory information processing as a pluripotent function linearizer: i.e., it performs such a transform of afferent inputs to a cortical column that makes possible for neurons in the upper layers of the column to learn and perform their complex functions using primarily linear operations.
Homotopy is not concrete

not null-homotopic such that [Z,X] [Z, f ] → [Z, Y ] is constant. For any X ′ ⊂ X with fewer than κ cells there exists X ′ → Z → X ′ = 1X′ , from which we may conclude that [X ′, X] [X ′, f ] → [X ′, Y ] is constant and in particular that f |X ′ is null-homotopic. Let H be the homotopy category obtained from T . Its objects are the objects of T , its maps are homotopy-classes of maps. The theorem says that H may not be faithfully embedded in the category of sets—or in the language of Kurosh— H is not concrete. There is no interpretation of the objects of H so that the maps may be interpreted as functions (in a functorial way, at least). H has always been the best example of an abstract category, historically and philosophically. Now we know that it was of necessity abstract, mathematically. The theorem says a bit more: H has a zero-object, that is, an object 0 such that for any X there is a unique 0 → X and a unique X → 0, and consequently for any X,Y a unique X → 0 → Y , the zero-map from X to Y . We shall shortly restrict our attention to zero-preserving functors between categories with zero. Instead of functors into the category of sets, S we’ll consider functors into the category of base-pointed sets S and only those functors that preserve zero. But first: Proposition: If C is a category with zero and T : C → S any functor, then there exists a zeropreserving functor T : C → S such that
Adhesion, Friction and Lubrication of Molecularly Smooth Surfaces

The past few years have witnessed tremendous advances in experimental and theoretical techniques for probing both the static and dynamic the properties of surfaces at the ângstrom level. Here we review how these advances have significantly furthered our fundamental understanding of the following: ADHESION, particularly the processes that contribute to energy dissipation during adhesion and separation (loading-unloading cycles) in the absence of surface damage, INTERFACIAL FRICTION, particularly the relation between contact mechanics, adhesion and friction of unlubricated contacts, and LUBRICATION, particularly how the static and dynamic (e.g., viscous and rheological) properties of liquids in ultra thin films differ from the bulk liquid properties, and how this affects the shear behaviour and friction of lubricated contacts.
Do Multiple Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation Mechanisms Explain Its Varied Effects in the Heart

ABSTRACT Background Multiple studies have demonstrated the important role of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in cardiac pathology. However, these studies9 conclusions differ regarding whether NF-κB is protective or detrimental for heart function. This disagreement is not surprising considering the complexity of NF-κB signaling that involves multiple components and regulation at several steps. Furthermore, NF-κB is a pleiotropic transcription factor that receives signals from multiple pathways, including the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and cytokines, 2 important modulators of cardiac remodeling. Methods In this article, we review studies related to the role and mechanisms of NF-κB activation in the heart, particularly with regard to the RAS, inflammation, and diabetes. The objective of this review is to consolidate multiple, often contradictory, findings to develop a clear understanding of NF-κB signaling in the heart. Conclusions The studies we review demonstrate that NF-κB effects in the heart are mechanism specific and that NF-κB signaling is cyclical. Consequently, the timing of NF-κB measurement is critical, and studies focused on temporal changes in the NF-κB mechanism would help clarify its multiple roles in cardiac pathophysiology.
Survey of Flight Instructors’ Experiences in Communication Training

This article reports the results of a survey of flight instructors’ experiences in communication training. The author administered a self-report survey of flight instructors (N=102) at an upper Midwestern university flight program. The flight instructors who responded to the survey reported a range of flight experience as a flight instructor between zero hours and 6,000 hours of experience. The survey featured four open-ended questions that asked for information about courses or training in communication flight instructors received, experiences that helped improve their ability to communicate effectively, training in effective communication with students, and participation in crew resource management courses. Instructors reported sources of training and experience in communication as including flight instructing, coursework, their flight instructors, FAA materials, and daily life. The author concludes with a brief discussion of training implications and areas for further research.
A Retrospective Case Series of Adaptive Servoventilation for Complex Sleep Apnea

Study Objectives: Central sleep apnea can be refractory to traditional positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy (CPAP or bilevel PAP), whether appearing first as a feature of baseline polysomnography or only later once PAP is applied in what is termed “complex sleep apnea” (CompSA). This retrospective study examined the efficacy of adaptive servoventilation (ASV) in 25 consecutive patients with PAP-refractory central sleep apnea, most exhibiting predominantly obstructive apnea during baseline polysomnography.
Measurement of aqueous humor flow by fluorophotometry in the presence of a dilated pupil.

Purpose To determine by means of fluorophotometry whether pharmacologic dilation of the pupil can interfere with the measurement of aqueous flow. Methods Ten normal human volunteers underwent dilation with tropicamide, phenylephrine, and a combination of the two drugs. Before and after dilation, the rate of aqueous flow was measured by the rate of disappearance of fluorescein from the cornea and the anterior chamber. Results Dilation of the pupil with tropicamide alone had no effect on the rate of clearance of fluorescein. Dilation with phenylephrine increased the rate of clearance of fluorescein by 40% and caused a small increase in the variability among subjects. Dilation with a combination of tropicamide and phenylephrine caused clearance of fluorescein at more than double the normal rate and a marked increase in variability among subjects. Conclusions When the pupil is dilated sufficiently to permit mixing of aqueous humor in the posterior and anterior chambers, fluorescein can leave the system by a posterior route, and its rate of clearance may not be an accurate measure of the net rate of aqueous humor flow through the anterior chamber.
Personality and the social experience of body weight

Personality traits have been associated consistently with objective and subjective experiences of body weight. We examine whether this association extends to social attitudes and behaviors related to weight. Participants were mothers with children (N=3,099) who completed measures of personality and weight-related attitudes and social interactions. Higher Neuroticism and higher Extraversion were associated with more negative attitudes towards persons with obesity and engagement in fat talk with their friends and around their children. Higher Conscientiousness was associated with fewer negative attitudes and interactions but greater phobia towards obesity, whereas higher Openness and higher Agreeableness were generally associated with more positive attitudes and experiences. The associations for Conscientiousness, Openness, and Agreeableness held only for participants at relatively lower body mass index. Higher Neuroticism and lower Conscientiousness were further associated with the experience of weight discrimination. The present research indicates that in addition to measured weight and body image, personality traits are associated with the social experience of body weight.
Impact of the Myosin Modulator Mavacamten on Force Generation and Cross-Bridge Behavior in a Murine Model of Hypercontractility

Background Recent studies suggest that mavacamten (Myk461), a small myosin‐binding molecule, decreases hypercontractility in myocardium expressing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy‐causing missense mutat...
Adjuvant therapy for gallbladder carcinoma (GBCA): Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).

4082Background: GBCA has a poor prognosis even when it is resectable. Guidelines recommend consideration of adjuvant chemoradiation (ACRT) or chemotherapy (ACH), but without high level evidence. Ou...
Pornography Consumption, Modality and Function in a Large Internet Sample.

Pornography consumption research often contains measurement inconsistencies that make the literature difficult to integrate. We investigated measurement issues relating to four key areas of pornogr...
Prostate cancer with comedonecrosis is frequently, but not exclusively, intraductal carcinoma: a need for reappraisal of grading criteria.

Aims Comedonecrosis in prostate cancer has always been Gleason pattern 5. However, we aimed to evaluate how intraductal carcinoma (not graded) with comedonecrosis should be considered. Methods and results From 52 radical prostatectomy patients, 40 were informative and evaluated with immunohistochemistry for basal cells. Clinical outcome was assessed for biochemical recurrence, metastatic disease and the need for adjuvant therapy. Comedonecrosis was predominantly located in intraductal carcinoma (24, 60%). However, nine (23%) had comedonecrosis within invasive cancer and seven (18%) within both invasive and intraductal carcinoma. Extraprostatic extension rarely showed comedonecrosis (5, 13%), but rather perineural invasion within cribriform glands. Tumours were largely high-stage (15, 38% pT3a and 19, 48% pT3b), with 15 (37%) having positive lymph nodes and four distant metastases. Most cases (25, 63%) had other patterns of Gleason pattern 5 (single cells, solid), although 10 were reclassified as containing no invasive pattern 5. Of these, most were pT3 (eight of 10), but none had positive lymph nodes. Lymph node metastases were more common in patients with invasive cancer containing comedonecrosis (P = 0.02), and the need for androgen deprivation was near significance (P = 0.07), but biochemical recurrence was not significantly different (P = 0.58). Conclusions Prostate cancer with comedonecrosis is often intraductal; however, these tumours are largely high-stage, showing a higher rate of positive lymph nodes with invasive comedonecrosis. Immunohistochemistry may be considered when comedonecrosis may significantly change the tumour grade. However, it is not clear at present that excluding intraductal carcinoma from the grade is superior to including it in grading when it is associated with high-grade invasive cancer.
The task-centered model.

The task-centered (TC) model is a short-term, problem-solving approach to social work practice. TC helps clients to solve their problems as they define them. Changes in problems are secured by developing and implementing tasks. Respect for clients’ rights to be self-determining is emphasized in TC. The use of TC spans a range of fields of practice, including mental health, child welfare, school social work, gerontology, health care, and family practice. TC has also been used in supervision and staff development and in case management. TC has been used in practice with a range of populations, including frail elderly patients, clients with mental illness and schoolchildren with academic and behavioral problems. TC’s fundamental empirical orientation to practice gives preference to research-based theories and interventions. TC embraces the generalist-eclectic framework’s commitment to client’s self-determination, empowerment, and the strengths perspective. This emphasizes clients’ abilities and ensures an active participation in treatment.
Human Hearts Declined for Transplant Were Resuscitated on the Visible Heart® Apparatus

Purpose Improved utilization of donor hearts would benefit chronic heart failure patients awaiting transplant. Limitations to cardiac allograft preservation include ischemic time, donor organ quality, and accurate graft assessment. We hypothesized that human hearts declined for transplant may be resuscitated after varied ischemic times. The unique studies performed within the Visible Heart® Laboratory for over two decades have provided unique insights relative to optimizing large mammalian functions post-cardioplegia. Methods Human hearts declined for transplant were utilized for research at the Visible Heart® Laboratory in coordination with the local organ procurement organization. Donor hearts were procured in standard fashion using 2L cardioplegia solution, and storage on ice. Hearts were delivered within 4-10 hours and cannulated for perfusion in Langendorf, right-sided, or 4-chamber working modes. Next, hearts were perfused with a warmed, oxygenated Kreb-Henseleit perfusate. These hearts were deemed non-viable for transplant for a variety of factors. Hemodynamic parameters, functional endoscopic videos, and electrocardiographic parameters have been recorded. All hearts were perfusion-fixed in formaldehyde and preserved in the Visible Heart® Library. Results Eighty-three human hearts declined for transplant were reanimated on the Visible Heart® Apparatus: varied hemodynamic functions were recorded. Average donor age was 57 years (7 to 91 yrs). Fifty percent (50%) of donors were female. Average cold ischemic time was 402 minutes (126-678 minutes). All hearts achieved pulsatile perfusion, and evidence of EKG rhythm. Conclusion This work demonstrates the unique capabilities of the Visible Heart® Laboratory: the abilities to reanimate human hearts and investigate relative electrophysioligical and hemodynamic behaviors has utility for determining if some human hearts declined for transplant were in fact viable, or could benefit from post-conditoning. Hence, this work provides encouragement for expanding the utilization of donor hearts available for transplant. Future work will focus on improved preservation techniques (i.e., various cardioplegia agents, warm perfusion vs cold storage), novel pharmacologic pre- and post-conditioning agents, and improved assessment of donor hearts during preservation.
Implementing inclusive practices in an active learning STEM classroom

What do you bring to a conversation about diversity, equity, and inclusion? While acknowledging this conversation is important, many science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) faculty shy aw...
Deciphering the role of interferon alpha signaling and microenvironment crosstalk in inflammatory breast cancer

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by clusters of tumor cells invading lymph vessels, high rates of metastasis, and resistance to systemic chemotherapy. While significant progress has been made in understanding IBC, survival among IBC patients is still only one half that among patients with non-IBC. A major limitation to the development of more specific and effective treatments for IBC is a lack of identifiable molecular alterations that are specific to IBC. Emerging evidence suggests that the aggressive nature of IBC is not specific to IBC cells but instead driven by the interplay between autonomous signaling and context-dependent cytokine networks from the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Recently, the type I interferon, specifically the interferon alpha signature, has been identified as a pathway upregulated in IBC but few studies have addressed its role. Activation of the interferon alpha signaling pathway has been shown to contribute to apoptosis and cellular senescence but is also attributed to increased migration and drug resistance depending on the interferon-stimulated genes transcribed. The mechanisms promoting the increase in interferon alpha expression and the role interferon alpha plays in IBC remain speculative. Current hypotheses suggest that immune and stromal cells in the local tumor microenvironment contribute to the interferon alpha signaling cascade within the tumor cell and that this activation may further alter the immune and stromal cells within the microenvironment. This review serves as an overview of the role of interferon alpha signaling in IBC. Ideally, future experiments should investigate the mechanistic interplay of interferons in IBC to develop more efficacious treatment strategies for IBC patients.
Disruption of gene co-expression network along the progression of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common brain dementia characterized by gradual deterioration of cognitive function. While it has been affecting an increasing number of aging population and become a nation-wide public health crisis, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. To address this problem, we propose to investigate the gene co-expression network changes along AD progression. Unlike extant work that focus on cognitive normals (CNs) and AD patients, we aim to capture the network changes during the full range of disease progression, from CN, early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI) to late MCI (LMCI) and AD. In addition, many existing differential co-expression network analyses estimate the network of each group independently, which may possibly lead to suboptimal results. Assuming that the gene co-expression patterns should be largely similar in consecutive disease stages, we propose to apply a modified joint graphical lasso model to estimate the networks of multiple diagnostic groups simultaneously. The permutation results shows that JGL model is much less likely to generate false positives with the similarity constraint. By comparing the estimated gene co-expression networks of all disease stages, we identified 8 clusters showing gradual changes during the progression of AD.
Intertwining Operators Associated with Dihedral Groups

The Dunkl operators associated with a dihedral group are a pair of differential-difference operators that generate a commutative algebra acting on differentiable functions in $${\mathbb {R}}^2$$ . The intertwining operator intertwines between this algebra and the algebra of differential operators. The main result of this paper is an integral representation of the intertwining operator on a class of functions. As an application, closed formulas for the Poisson kernels of h-harmonics and sieved Gegenbauer polynomials are deduced when one of the variables is at vertices of a regular polygon, and similar formulas are also derived for several other related families of orthogonal polynomials.
Efficient smoothed particle radiation hydrodynamics II: Radiation hydrodynamics

Abstract The radiation hydrodynamics equations for smoothed particle hydrodynamics are derived by operator splitting the radiation and hydrodynamics terms, including necessary terms for material motion, and discretizing each of the sets of equations separately in time and space. The implicit radiative transfer discussed in the first paper of this series is coupled to explicit smoothed particle hydrodynamics. The result is a multi-material meshless radiation hydrodynamics code with arbitrary opacities and equations of state that performs well for problems with significant material motion. The code converges with second-order accuracy in space and first-order accuracy in time to the semianalytic solution for the Lowrie radiative shock problem and has competitive performance compared to a mesh-based radiation hydrodynamics code for a multi-material problem in two dimensions and an ablation problem inspired by inertial confinement fusion in two and three dimensions.
An Interpretive Description of Women's Experience in Coordinated, Multidisciplinary Treatment for an Eating Disorder.

Coordinated, multidisciplinary treatment for women with eating disorders is consistently recommended as maximally effective, but few studies have considered the patient experience. This qualitative...
The Financing of Ideas and the Great Deviation1

Why did the Great Recession lead to such a slow recovery? I build a model where heterogeneous firms invest in physical and in intangible capital, and can default on their debt. In case of default, intangible assets tend to be harder to seize by external investors. Hence, financing intangible capital faces higher costs than financing physical capital. This differential is exacerbated in a financial crisis, when default is more likely and aggregate risk bears a higher premium. The resulting fall in intangible investment amplifies the crisis, and gradual intangible capital spillovers to other firms contribute to its persistence. Using a rich panel dataset of Spanish manufacturing firms, I estimate the model by matching firm-level moments regarding physical and intangible investment and financing. The model captures the extent and components of the Great Recession, as incumbent intangible investment falls and firm exit rates surge. A standard model without endogenous intangible investment would miss half of the 2008-2013 GDP fall in Spanish manufacturing. Targeted fiscal policy could speed up the recovery: transfers to young firms relax the borrowing constraints of the firms with higher returns to investment and mitigate the fall in GDP. ∗I am grateful to my advisors Peter J. Klenow, Martin Schneider, Nick Bloom and Monika Piazzesi for their invaluable guidance on this project. I also benefited from the comments of Shai Bernstein, Frederic Boissay, Diego Comin, Andres Drenik, Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Jordi Gali, Arvind Krishnamurthy, Pablo Kurlat, Robert E. Hall, Charles I. Jones, Serguei Maliar, Frank Smets, Alonso Villacorta, mentors from the Kauffman Foundation, participants at the Barcelona GSE Winter Workshop, AEA-ASSA meetings and ESWC, and colleagues at the St. Louis FRB and the European Central Bank. This research was supported by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and by the Shultz Graduate Student Fellowship in Economic Policy through a grant to the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy and Research. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of Daniel Garcia-Macia. †Department of Economics, Stanford University, 579 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-6072. Email: dgarciam@stanford.edu.
Correlation Between Altmetric Score and Traditional Bibliometrics in Total Joint Arthroplasty Research.

Abstract Background Citation analysis is commonly used to evaluate the impact of academic publications within an area of study. The purpose of this study is to review the publications with the highest Altmetric scores related to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and assess the correlation with traditional bibliometrics. Methods Altmetric scores were obtained for the top articles relating to THA and TKA and organized from highest to lowest scores. The Clarivate Analytics Web of Knowledge database was used to search the top articles by Altmetric score. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed for various metrics, including number of citations, journal impact factor at the time of publication, and study type and design. Results The top THA and TKA publications were cited 3042 times and 7523 times, respectively. The former were published in journals with an average impact factor of 17.861, and the latter in journals with an average impact factor of 15.564. For THA, Altmetric score demonstrated a significant, weakly positive correlation with the number of citations (P = .008). For TKA, Altmetric score was found to have a significant, weakly positive correlation with impact factor of journal (P = .04); however, it was nonsignificant for citation count (P = .11). When one outlier is removed, the correlation with citation count is statistically significant (P = .009). Conclusion While alternative metrics cannot replace traditional bibliometrics, they may serve a complimentary role in describing the influence of research. Thus, the Altmetric score represents an additional tool to identify the most influential articles to guide learning and evidence-based practice.
Relationships between isolated sweetpotato starch properties and textural attributes of sweetpotato French fries.

Sweetpotato French fry (SPFF) textures have been associated with dry matter and starch contents, but these do not fully account for all textural differences. This study investigated the relationships between the physicochemical properties of sweetpotato starch and textural attributes of sweetpotato fries. Starches from 16 sweetpotato genotypes that varied in dry matter content were isolated and analyzed. The amylose content, pasting temperatures and viscosities, and textural properties of equilibrated starch gels were measured. Correlational analysis was performed with the respective SPFF mechanical and sensory texture attributes. Sweetpotato starch amylose content ranged from 17.3% to 21.1%, and the pasting and gel textural properties varied significantly between starches. Starch from orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes had lower pasting temperatures than starches from yellow/cream-fleshed genotypes, 72.2 ± 2.0 and 75.5 ± 1.1 °C, respectively. Notable inverse correlations were observed between the starch pasting temperature and perceived moistness (r = -0.63) and fibrousness (r = -0.70) of fries, whereas SPFF denseness was positively associated with starch pasting viscosity (r = 0.60) and nonstarch alcohol-insoluble solids content. Fry textures were likely affected by cooked starch properties, which should be considered when selecting varieties for sweetpotato fries. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Without the aid of a batter, sweetpotato French fries (SPFFs) tend to be soft and limp-undesirable attributes in a fried food. The physiochemical properties of starch, the most abundant component in sweetpotato fries, were further explored in this study to better understand the properties of sweetpotato starch that influence SPFF textures. These findings can be used by sweetpotato processors and breeders for developing new sweetpotato varieties that are designed for production of fried products with desirable textures.
A LiDAR-based landslide inventory and associated map portal (story map) for Grand Teton National Park

Funding has enabled the design and implementation of a preliminary landslide inventory including roughly 500 deposits throughout GTNP. The three most common mass movement deposits were related to debris flows, translational earth slides and translational rock slides. More than 10% of the features were field-verified during campaigns mapping along the Teton Fault and in areas across varying lithology and relief including Steamboat Mountain, Paintbrush Canyon, Cascade Canyon, Two Ocean Lake, Open Canyon and lower Granite Canyon. Features were mapped according to protocols established by the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries (DOGAMI) and supported by the USGS. The Story Map remains under development, awaiting revised mapping and feedback from GTNP staff. Featured photo taken from the AMK Ranch photo collection. https://flic.kr/p/RdWTqz
The community-wide effectiveness of municipal larval control programs for West Nile virus risk reduction in Connecticut, USA.

Background Mosquito larval control through the use of insecticides is the most common strategy for suppressing West Nile virus (WNV) vector populations in Connecticut (CT), United States. To evaluate the ability of larval control to reduce entomological risk metrics associated with WNV, we performed WNV surveillance and assessments of municipal larvicide application programs in Milford and Stratford, CT in 2019 and 2020. Each town treated catch basins and non-basin habitats (Milford only) with biopesticide products during both WNV transmission seasons. Adult mosquitoes were collected weekly with gravid and CO2 -baited light traps and tested for WNV; larvae and pupae were sampled weekly from basins within 500 m of trapping sites, and Culex pipiens larval mortality was determined with lab bioassays of catch basin water samples. Results Declines in 4th instar larvae and pupae were observed in catch basins up to 2-weeks post-treatment, and we detected a positive relationship between adult female Cx. pipiens collections in gravid traps and pupal abundance in basins. We also detected a significant difference in total light trap collections between the two towns. Despite these findings, Cx. pipiens adult collections and WNV mosquito infection prevalence in gravid traps were similar between towns. Conclusion Larvicide applications reduced pupal abundance and the prevalence of host-seeking adults with no detectable impact on entomological risk metrics for WNV. Further research is needed to better determine the level of mosquito larval control required to reduce WNV transmission risk. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Nonlinear vibratory properties of additive manufactured continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites

Often, the responses of additive manufactured parts are studied only in the context of static loads, since most consumer-grade additive manufactured parts are not capable of supporting dynamic loads. Here, the effects of fabrication parameters on the vibratory properties of 3D-printed polymer composite beams were studied. A total of 420 vibratory system identification experiments were conducted on 70 additive manufactured cantilever beams. In addition, Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and the finite element method were used to estimate the first natural frequency of the beams. It was found that build parameters change not only the stiffness of the beam, but these build parameters also affect the damping ratio. Furthermore, the frequency response of the beams is amplitude-dependent; this nonlinear effect is important in predicting the behavior of 3D printed structures. The complex relationship between the build parameters and the nonlinear vibratory response points to the possibility of creating tailored vibratory responses of 3D-printed structures. Since vibrations can cause accelerated wear, this work could also be important in determining accurate life cycle predictions of additive manufactured parts.
Distance Learning in Museums: A Review of the Literature

Distance learning has become an important tool in many fields of education. Museums, like other educational institutions, have been offering distance learning programs to their audiences for more than 30 years. This scoping study examined the published literature related to distance learning programs in museums to inform future research in this field. Searches were conducted in three academic databases in addition to journal hand searches. This resulted in 954 unique citations associated with distance learning in museums. Of these, 17 articles met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Forwards and backwards searches resulted in the addition of two books. A search of the research hosted by the Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education resulted in one additional study for a total of 20 manuscripts. Upon analysis, four major themes were identified. These included benefits and barriers related to distance learning programs in museums, partnerships, and educators’ changing roles as they relate to distance learning programs. Each of these themes is described and areas for future research are identified. Future work should move beyond the predominately evaluative case studies and pursue larger questions about how future research might support museums as they continue to design and implement online programming. This may include exploring best practices in museum-based distance learning and how to develop effective professional development opportunities for the educators engaged in these programs. Such research will enhance museum-based distance learning programs so that they can continue to support global learners.
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy prior to surgery for mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review.

Given the recent successes of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, many clinical trials have sought to assess the safety and efficacy of this treatment modality in the neoadjuvant setting. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of findings from neoadjuvant head and neck cancer immunotherapy clinical trials with a focus on PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade. Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov were systematically searched for all eligible neoadjuvant head and neck cancer immunotherapy clinical trials. Eight clinical trials met the inclusion criteria comprising a total of 260 patients. Study drugs included nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, durvalumab, and tremelimumab. The overall mean objective response rate (ORR) was 45.9 ± 5.7% with a 41.5 ± 5.6% single agent mean ORR. There were no deaths due to immune-related toxicities. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for mucosal head and neck squamous cell cancer has demonstrated favorable response rates with no unexpected immune-related toxicities in phase I/II clinical trials.
Environmental Management Certification and Performance in the Hospitality Industry: A Comparative Analysis of ISO14001 Hotels in Spain

As the number of hotels that are strongly interested in sustainability-related issues increases, the hotel industry is still seeking consensus on how sustainability can be measured and managed. One standard that provides both measurement and policies for sustainability management is ISO 14001, which is being adopted by an ever growing number of hotels, especially in Europe. Using a sample of over 2,000 independent hotels in Spain, this report analyzes the differences between those hotels that have implemented the ISO 14001 standard and those that haven’t. Also considered are the possible effects on the business results of such companies of moderating factors such as company size and the market segment in which the hotel operates. On balance the certified hotels recorded stronger sales and earnings before taxes and depreciation than those that were not certified. Certified hotels in Spain tended to be larger than uncertified properties, and certified hotels in city and beach locations enjoyed considerably stronger performance than those without the certification. The report challenges the often-heard contention that adopting sustainability programs will diminish hotels’ performance. Instead, these data show the reverse to be the case.
An integrated package of neuromusculoskeletal modeling tools in Simulink/spl trade/

An integrated neuromusculoskeletal (NMS) modeling tool has been developed to facilitate the study of the control of movement in humans and animals. Blocks representing the skeletal linkage, sensors, muscles, and neural controllers are developed using separate software tools and integrated In the powerful simulation environment of Simulink (Mathworks Inc., USA). Musculoskeletal Modeling In Simulink (MMS) converts anatomically accurate musculoskeletal models generated by SIMM (Musculographics Inc., USA) into Simulink blocks. It also removes runtime constraints in SIMM, and allows the development of complex musculoskeletal models without writing a line of code. Virtual Muscle builds realistic Simulink models of muscle force production under physiologic and pathologic conditions. A generic muscle spindle model has also been developed to simulate the sensory output of the primary and secondary afferents. Neural control models developed by various Matlab (Mathworks Inc., USA) toolboxes can be integrated easily with these model components to build complete NMS models in an integrated environment.
Minimax Optimal Sparse Signal Recovery With Poisson Statistics

We are motivated by problems that arise in a number of applications such as Online Marketing and Explosives detection, where the observations are usually modeled using Poisson statistics. We model each observation as a Poisson random variable whose mean is a sparse linear superposition of known patterns. Unlike many conventional problems observations here are not identically distributed since they are associated with different sensing modalities. We analyze the performance of a maximum likelihood (ML) decoder, which for our Poisson setting involves a non-linear optimization but yet is computationally tractable. We derive fundamental sample complexity bounds for sparse recovery when the measurements are contaminated with Poisson noise. In contrast to the least-squares linear regression setting with Gaussian noise, we observe that in addition to sparsity, the scale of the parameters also fundamentally impacts $\ell_2$ error in the Poisson setting. We show that our upper bounds are tight under suitable regularity conditions. Specifically, we derive a minimax matching lower bound on the mean-squared error and show that our constrained ML decoder is minimax optimal for this regime.
Efficient Peer-to-Peer Lookup Based on a Distributed Trie

Two main approaches have been taken for distributed key-value lookup operations in peer-to-peer systems: broadcast searches [1, 2] and location-deterministic algorithms [5, 6, 7, 9]. We describe a third alternative based on a distributed trie. This algorithm functions well in a very dynamic, hostile environment, offering security benefits over prior proposals. Our approach takes advantage of working-set temporal locality and global key/value distribution skews due to content popularity. Peers gradually learn system state during lookups, receiving the sought values and/or internal information used by the trie. The distributed trie converges to an accurate network map over time. We describe several modes of information piggybacking, and conservative and liberal variants of the basic algorithm for adversarial settings. Simulations show efficient lookups and low failure rates.
Blood pressure and brain injury in older adults: findings from a community-based autopsy study.

OBJECTIVES: To examine correlations between blood pressure (BP) and dementia-related pathological brain changes in a community-based autopsy sample. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: A large health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington. PARTICIPANTS: A cohort of 250 participants aged 65 and older and cognitively normal at time of enrollment in the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) Study and who underwent autopsy. MEASUREMENTS: BP and history of antihypertensive treatment were taken at enrollment. A linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between BP (systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP)) at enrollment and pathological changes in the cerebrum (cystic macroscopic infarcts, microinfarcts, neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cortical Lewy bodies). RESULTS: The presence of more than 2 microinfarcts, but not any other pathological change, was independently associated with SBP in younger participants (65-80, n=137) but not in older participants (>80, n=91). The relative risk (RR) for more than two microinfarcts with each 10-mmHg increase in SBP was 1.15 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.00-1.33) in the younger participants, adjusted for age at entry, sex, and time to death. This RR was particularly strong in younger participants not taking antihypertensive medications (RR=1.48, 95% CI=1.21, 1.81); significant associations were not observed in participants treated for hypertension. Findings for DBP were negative. CONCLUSION: The association between high SBP and cerebrovascular damage in untreated older adults (65-80) suggests that adequate hypertension treatment may reduce dementia risk by minimizing microvascular injury to cerebrum. Language: en
Redundancies in Cyclic Systems

A general method of finding explicit expressions for the ringproduced redundancies in a cyclic molecule is given, with detailed application to the planar six-membered ring (C6H6, C4H4N2) and the fourmembered non-planar ring of C2v symmetry.
Post-bedtime dosing with indiplon in adults and the elderly: results from two placebo-controlled, active comparator crossover studies in healthy volunteers.

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the effects of post-bedtime dosing with indiplon on next-day function in adults and the elderly.Research design and methods: Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studies were conducted in two groups of healthy volunteers: an adult study (18–45 years) and an elderly study (65–80 years). In adults, a single post-bedtime dose of indiplon 10 mg and 20 mg was compared to placebo, with zolpidem 10 mg and zopiclone 7.5 mg included as controls. In the elderly, a single post-bedtime dose of indiplon 5 mg and 10 mg was compared to placebo, with zopiclone 3.75 mg included as a control. Next-day residual effects were evaluated in the morning at 4 and 6 h post-dose in adults, and 4, 6, and 8 h in the elderly, by a Visual Analog Scale of sleepiness (VAS-sleepiness), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and the Symbol Copying Test (SCT).Results: In adults, there were no statistically significant differences between indiplon and placebo on the VAS-sleepiness, DSST, or ...