cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma arising in a patient with bronchiectasis and chronic Mycobacterium avium infection

We describe a 67-year-old woman with bronchiectasis and Mycobacterium avium complex infection who underwent wedge resection of her pulmonary infiltrates because they were progressing despite antibiotic therapy. In addition to the expected granulomatous changes, she was found to have a B-cell lymphoma of bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). Despite normal bone marrow morphology, marrow involvement was demonstrated by flow cytometry. Her lymphoma remains suppressed with antimycobacterial therapy 6 months after resection of bulk disease.
Spatial patch patterns and altered forest structure in middle elevation versus upper ecotonal mixed-conifer forests, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, USA

Abstract In the American Southwest, mixed-conifer forest experienced altered disturbance regimes with the exclusion of fire since the early 1900s. This research analyzes patch development and tree spatial patterns in the middle versus upper mixed-conifer forests at Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona (USA). The methods used include: (1) size–structure analyses, to compare species patch development; (2) dendrochronological dating of tree establishment and fire history; (3) tree ring master chronology, to determine periods of suppressed growth, compared to a palmer drought severity index; (4) spatial analyses by size and age, with univariate and bivariate analyses of spatial association as well as spatial autocorrelation. Results show that unlike the lower ecotone of the mixed-conifer zone, both the middle elevation and upper ecotone were mixed-conifer forests before Euro-American settlement. At the upper ecotone, two decades (1870s and 1880s) had no successful conifer establishment but instead aspen cohorts, corresponding to the fire history of synchronized fires. Overall, the upper ecotone has shifted in composition in the absence of surface fires from mixed conifer to encroachment of subalpine species, particularly Engelmann spruce. Spatial patterns of tree sizes and tree ages imply development of a size hierarchy in an aging patch. In addition, shifts in species composition from ponderosa pine and white fir overstory to Engelmann spruce and Douglas-fir understory affected within-patch spatial patterns. These results provide quantitative evidence of past and present forest conditions for the development of restoration strategies for Southwestern mixed-conifer forests.
Power distribution in a Josephson package environment

An ac power supply designed to power 8K Josephson logic circuits has been tested in a package environment for the first time. The test was part of an experiment that utilized the essential package components for a Josephson computer. All accessible chip-level power signals had the predicted amplitude variation with frequency over the range 50-400 MHz when normal fabrication tolerances were taken into account. This power supply, with reduced loading to accommodate some lines with unexpectedly low critical currents, was used to power the logic circuits in a path representative of a critical path for a proposed prototype processor. A minimum cycle time of 3.7 ns was achieved.
Niacin-Induced Myopathy

Abstract Treating hypercholesterolemia is effective both for the prevention and regression of coronary artery disease. 1–3 Lipid-lowering agents are being used more frequently and practitioners are therefore more likely to encounter the unusual side effects of these drugs. Niacin (nicotinic acid, vitamin B3) inhibits very-low-density lipoprotein secretion by the liver. It lowers total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides and raises high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Treatment with niacin may reduce the incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarctions, and in conjunction with bile resins, promote regression of coronary lesions.1–3 It is the only lipid-lowering agent shown to reduce mortality,3 and has been given at lower doses to treat hypoalphalipoproteinemia (selective low levels of HDL). Niacin in conjunction with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors increases the risk of myopathy associated with the latter.2 We report here 2 cases of myopathy induced by niacin without concomitant treatment with other hypolipidemic agents and review the relevant literature.
Distributed device applications of the superconducting tunnel junction

Abstract A simple equivalent circuit is developed for the strip superconducting tunnel transmission line. This equivalent circuit is used to obtain design equations for the distributed amplifier, the “quarter wave” distributed oscillator and the neuristor. Data available in the literature for tin-oxide-lead sandwiches indicate (1) that the circuit representation should be accurate up to millimeter wavelengths for temperatures below 3·4°K (90 per cent of the critical temperature of tin) and (2) the distributed devices considered will be active at frequencies approaching the microwaves and will operate at power levels of the order of microwatts.
Evaluating the CROPGRO-Soybean Model Ability to Simulate Photosynthesis Response to Carbon Dioxide Levels

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO 2 ] will increase in the future and will affect global climate and ecosystem productivity. Crop models used in past assessments of climate change effect on ecosystem productivity have not been adequately tested for the ability to simulate ecosystem responses to [CO 2 ]. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of the default CROPGRO-Soybean model to predict the responses of net leaf photosynthesis (A) and canopy photosynthesis (A can ) to photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) at different [CO 2 ]. We also compared the default leaf photosynthesis equations in CROPGRO with the full Farquhar equations for ability to predict the response of A to [CO 2 ]. Simulated and observed A and A can were light saturated at 800 μmol m -2 s -1 PPF at ambient [CO 2 ] but did not light saturate at PPF >1100 μmol m -2 s -1 at elevated [CO 2 ]. Observed and simulated A responded asymptotically to increasing intercellular [CO 2 ]. The CROPGRO default photosynthesis equations and the Farquhar equations simulated A equally well at all [CO 2 ]. Doubled [CO 2 ] increased simulated A by 52% and A can by 42%; these values are dose to the increases of 39 to 48% for A and 59% for A can reported in the literature. Root mean square errors for simulated A and A can were low, and Willmott's index of agreement ranged from 0.86 to 0.99, confirming that the CROPGRO model with default photosynthesis equations can be used to evaluate potential effects of [CO 2 ] on soybean photosynthesis and productivity.
Self-Consistent Field Theory of Relativistic Electron Rings

We investigate equilibria and compression of thin electron rings in cylindrically symmetric guide fields. It is found that particle energies are smaller and ring radii different from values obtained ignoring self-fields.
Oral vibrotactile stimulation: A study of practice effect

This study was designed to examine the effect of practice on lingual vibrotactile thresholds. Twenty Ss between the ages of 19 and 28 years were used in the experiment. Ten of the Ss were each given a 5-min orientation period before threshold readings were taken. The remainder also went rhrough a 5-min orientation period, but in addition received 30 min of practice. The practice group produced statistically significant lower and less variable thresholds than the nonpractice group at two of the three frequencies tested. These data indicate that familiarity with the instrumentation and required task is increased with prolonged practice, resulting in more precise threshold measurements.
Latex Sensitivity: A Public Health Care Challenge

Latex sensitivity is becoming epidemic in the health care arena. Providers of health care need to be aware of the signs and symptoms, the treatments, and the consequences of latex sensitive reactions. In this article, I will provide information about latex sensitivities that will enable health care workers and their patients to have a better understanding of the phenomena. Resource information is provided for the latest information pertaining to latex sensitivities to aid in the education of health care providers and their patients.
Analysis of 55Fe-labeled hydroxamate siderophores by high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract The radiolabeled iron(III) chelates of four different hydroxamate siderophores (desferrioxamine B, rhodotorulic acid, desferriferrichrome and desferriferrichrome A) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using an absorbance or radioactivity detector. Optimal conditions consisted of a polymeric PRP-1 column and a water to acidified acetonitrile gradient as mobile phase. Silica based columns gave similar resolution, but adsorption of unchelated iron-55 to the silica support limited the desirability of this approach. Detection limits based on radioactivity of the labeled compounds were consistently two to three orders of magnitude greater than that observed using visible absorbance at 436 nm. This method provides a generalized approach for the detection of high affinity iron(III) chelators (e.g. siderophores), regardless of their structural type.
Reinventing Richard Nixon: A Cultural History of an American Obsession Daniel Frick. Lawrence. Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2008.

Reinventing Richard Nixon: A Cultural History of an American Obsession Daniel Frick. Lawrence. Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2008. Does the country really need yet another book about its obsession with the only president to have resigned the office, Richard M. Nixon? Daniel Frick believes it does, and has immersed himself in all things Nixon. Frick, who teaches the English language at Franklin and Marshall College and directs its Writing Center, presents an exhaustive analysis of the cinema, cartoons, drama, jokes, novels, verse, and other cultural artifacts that emerged from the life and career of this most fascinating president, who was at once so attractive and so repellant. As a result of the groundwork that Nixon's administration constructed, and the influence that Nixon had upon his party and those it elected as his successors, Frick is correct. To understand the recent past, one must also understand the Nixon years, and the Nixon effect upon subsequent Republican presidents and their administrations. Certainly Nixon changed America and the world. Central to Nixon's character was class consciousness and the bitterness of a victim. As Frick notes, "churning underneath the surface" of one of Nixon's political biographies, "the seemingly complacent optimism of Six Crises", there was "a festering, resentful anger that prefigures the mentality that created the Watergate scandal" (45). It was Nixon who prepared the way for the "win at any cost" strategy so evident in so many of the subsequent political races. It is illustrative to compare two powerful and successive presidents, who each came from modest backgrounds. Lyndon Johnson developed a burning resentment, as did Nixon, but it was a resentment against poverty and discrimination and against outcasts and the powerless. For all his faults, he concentrated his energies on eliminating poverty, and creating The Great Society. Nixon, too, developed a burning resentment, but the result was quite different. Nixon's determination was to "screw his enemies," or those who had scorned (or even worse, defeated) him. Ironically, the boy who made his way from nothing to the top - as Nixon presented himself - came to identify with the wealthy and powerful, yet he echoed the George Wallace refrain that conservatives have used so effectively ever since; the refrain that their opponents are "elitists." It was not power or wealth that Nixon saw as elitist, but rather style, as was so notable in the debonair John F. Kennedy, who defeated him. His party's concern grew through the years to include those who are educated, who value science and reason, who might be "liberal," and thus by (their) definition "look down upon" the average voter (while conservatives chortle quietly in private). …
The use of modern technology in the improvement of information resources and services in developing countries

(1971). The use of modern technology in the improvement of information resources and services in developing countries. International Library Review: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 9-13.
Truncation invariant dependence structures

In this paper, a special class of m-dimensional distribution functions which can be uniquely determined in terms of their 2-dimensional marginals is studied. The members of the class can be characterized as having truncation invariant dependence structure. The representation given in this paper provides a physical meaning to the multivariate Cook-Johnson distribution, and introduces a systematic way of generating higher dimensional distributions by using rich 2-dimensional distributions provided that the 2-dimensional marginals are compatible. A class of 3-dimensional multivariate normal distribution has been generated and bounds in terms of lower dimensional marginals are provided.
A capacitive absolute-pressure sensor with external pick-off electrodes

This paper describes a capacitive absolute-pressure sensor in which the sealed lead transfer is eliminated. The pick-off capacitance is between a flap or skirt-like extension of the flexible diaphragm that reaches past the sealed cavity, and an electrode patterned on the substrate directly below this extension. The sidewall of the cavity is relatively narrow and flexible. Finite-element analysis is used to explore the relevance of various dimensional parameters and to estimate the sensitivity and temperature coefficients of the device. The device is fabricated from p+ + Si on a glass substrate using the dissolved wafer process with three masking steps. The measurements of fabricated devices with 1 mm radius, 7 µm cavity height, and 8 µm wall thickness show -84 ppm kPa-1 sensitivity at room temperature in touch-mode operation. In non-touch-mode operation the sensitivity is significantly higher. A reference device with similar dimensions shows a less than 22 ppm K-1 temperature coefficient of offset below 150 °C.
Scanning tunneling microscopy study of intermediates in the dissociative adsorption of closo‐1,2‐dicarbadodecaborane on Si(111)

Closo‐1,2‐dicarbadodecaborane (C2B10H12) is a source compound found to be suitable for the deposition of a high resistivity form of boron‐carbide (B5C), and the fabrication of boron‐rich semiconductor devices. A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was used to image these molecular icosahedra on Si(111)‐(7×7). Molecular decomposition (tip induced and otherwise) produced a boron‐carbide/silicon interface with pronounced heterojunction electronic characteristics. In STM, this interface is characterized by a disordering of the Si(111)‐(7×7) reconstruction. We suggest, based on Auger electron spectroscopy data and low‐energy electron diffraction observations, that boron atoms from the dissociated source molecules substitutionally occupy selvedge sites, as in the boron‐induced (√3×√3)R30° reconstruction of Si(111).
The implantation of decalcified human dentin and cementum into the subcutaneous tissues of the rat

The effect of decalcification on the inductive activity of cementum and dentin was tested by implanting decalcified human roots into the subcutaneous tissues of the rat. No new cementum was seen. The first six months showed marked deep resorption and the second a re-calcification of the remaining dentin. Decalcification with 5 per cent neutral EDTA destroyed the cementogenetic inductive influence of cementum and dentin previously noted in undecalcified implants. The theoretical implications of the findings were discussed.
Effects of Maternal Cocaine Abuse on Neonatal Auditory Brainstem Responses.

Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were recorded from 18 neonates born to mothers who used cocaine during pregnancy, and from 18 control infants matched to the cocaine group on the basis of birthw...
Rh(III)-Photosensitized Interconversion of Norbornadiene and Quadricyclane

The utility of two Rh(III) diimine complexes, Rh(phen)33+ and Rh(phi)2(phen)3+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, phi = 9,10-phenanthrenequinone diimine), as sensitizers for the interconversion of norbornadiene (N) and quadricyclane (Q) has been investigated using steady-state photochemical and laser flash photolysis (LFP) techniques. Irradiation of acetonitrile solutions of Rh(phen)33+ and N causes slow conversion to Q. The reaction is reversible; irradiation of Rh(phen)33+ in the presence of Q leads to N. Irradiation of acetonitrile solutions of Rh(phi)2(phen)3+ and Q yields N. However, this reaction is irreversible; irradiation of the Rh(III) complex in the presence of N fails to afford Q. Irradiation of methanol solutions of either Rh(III) complex in the presence of N or Q affords minor amounts of two methanol-C7 adducts but fails to quench the N−Q interconversion reaction. The results are consistent with N−Q interconversion via an exciplex intermediate. The Rh(III)-sensitized deazatization of two cyclic az...
Nanomaterial Registry: A resource for biological and environmental interactions of nanomaterials

This paper introduces the Nanomaterial Registry, a resource for biological and environmental interactions of well-characterized nanomaterials. The registry also provides links to associated publications, modeling tools, computational results, and relevant manufacturing guidance.
Technology for emerging markets at MSR india

The Technology for Emerging Markets (TEM) group at Microsoft Research India seeks to address the needs and aspirations of people in the world's developing communities. Our research targets people who are just beginning to use computing technologies and services as well as those for whom access to computing still remains largely out of reach. Most of our work falls under the rubric of the relatively young field of Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICTD or ICT4D). Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of ICTD, TEM is a multidisciplinary group engaged in a range of technical and social-science research. We work in the areas of cultural anthropology, sociology, political science, economics, and psychology, all of which help us understand the social context of technology and how it relates to communities and individual users. We combine this understanding with technical research in hardware and software to devise solutions for underserved communities in rural and urban environments around the world.
Spino-cerebellar fibers of the opossumDidelphis marsupialis virginiana

Abstract Complete and partial spinal cord hemisections, one lesion per animal, were performed at cervical, thoracic, lumbar or sacral spinal cord levels in a series of 12 adult opossums. Following a survival time of 1–3 weeks, the brains and spinal cords were removed and stored in buffered formalin. The cerebella and brain stems were cut in the transverse, the sagittal or horizontal plane and subjected to either the Nauta-Gygax method or Fink-Heimer technique. In addition, the extent of each lesion was verified histologically. After cervical and thoracic hemisections, abundant fiber degeneration was present bilaterally in fairly distinct longitudinal rows within both the subcortical white matter and the adjacent granular layer of the anterior lobe. Also, degenerating fibers were present bilaterally within the granular layer of the posterior portion of the paramedian lobules and pyramis. The fibers which distributed to these areas were most abundant on the side of the lesion. Although lumbar and sacral lesions resulted in fiber degeneration within the same regions of the cerebellum, the fibers were fewer in number. This was particularly true in the pyramis and paramedian lobules. In all specimens degenerating fibers of fine diameter, judged to be collaterals from fibers passing into the granular layer, entered the nucleus fastigii, the nucleus interpositus and the medial portion of the nucleus dentatus. However, these were much more numerous after cervical and thoracic hemisections than after lumbar and sacral lesions.
Evaluation of the forced outage length contribution of critical nuclear power systems in an extended operating cycle

The work presented here presents an evaluation method for the question of how reliably the system (or component), responsible for the dominant plant availability loss, will run in an extended 48 month operating cycle. As major contributors to the total plant forced outage time in pressurized water reactors (PWRs), reactor coolant pumps (RCPs) and main feed pumps (MFPs) are chosen as specific example systems for a case study. The method proposed estimates the expected forced outage length contribution of each system to the maximum allowed outage length given a certain plant capacity factor. Based upon the current reliability level estimated from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission plant performance database, the assessment of each system impact shows that 14.2 and 2.2 per cent of the maximum allowed outage length are expected to be taken by RCPs and MFPs respectively in the PWR regardless of other systems. In order to meet a 97 per cent goal capacity factor to be envisaged in a 48 month operating cycle, it is recommended that various possible actions be devised for achieving the higher RCP and MFP operational availability through design, monitoring and maintenance.
Fuel oil desalting by hydrogel hollow fiber membrane

Abstract Dilute dispersion/emulsion of ultrafine water droplets containing a variety of salts is usually present in fuel oil, jet fuel, diesel oil and crude oil. Removal of salt and water from the oil is difficult. It is proposed here that a hydrogel hollow fiber membrane of regenerated cellulose with wash water flowing on one side and oil flowing on the other side could desalt the fuel oil. Preliminary experiments employing Cuprophan ® regenerated cellulose hollow fibers demonstrate that salt was transferred to the wash water from a no. 2 fuel oil stream containing saline droplets 4 vol.%.
Subcellular localization of silicon and germanium in grass root and leaf tissues by SIMS: evidence for differential and active transport

Silicon transport and incorporation into plant tissue is important to both plant physiological function and to the influence plants have on ecosystem silica cycling. However, the mechanisms controlling this transport have only begun to be explored. In this study, we used secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to image concentrations of Si in root and shoot tissues of annual blue grass (Poa annua L.) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) with the goal of identifying control points in the plant silica uptake pathway. In addition, we used SIMS to describe the distributions of germanium (Ge); the element used to trace Si in biogeochemical studies. Within root tissue, Si and Ge were localized in the suberized thick-walled region of endodermal cells, i.e. the proximal side of endodermal cells which is in close association to the casparian strip. In leaves, Si was present in the cell walls, but Ge was barely detectable. The selective localization of Si and Ge in the proximal side of endodermal cell walls of roots suggests transport control is exerted upon Si and Ge by the plant. The absence of Si in most root cell walls and its presence in the cell walls of leaves (in areas outside of the transpiration terminus) suggests modifications in the chemical form of Si to a form that favors Si complexation in the cell walls of leaf tissue. The low abundance of Ge in leaf tissue is consistent with previous studies that suggest preferential transport of Si relative to Ge.
Validating pathophysiological models of aging using clinical electronic medical records

Bioinformatics methods that leverage the vast amounts of clinical data promises to provide insights into underlying molecular mechanisms that help explain human physiological processes. One of these processes is adolescent development. The utility of predictive aging models generated from cross-sectional cohorts and their applicability to separate populations, including the clinical population, has yet to be completely explored. In order to address this, we built regression models predictive of adolescent chronological age from 2001 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data and validated them against independent 2003-2004 NHANES data and clinical data from an academic tertiary-care pediatric hospital. The results indicate distinct differences between male and female models with both alkaline phosphatase and creatinine as predictive biomarkers for both genders, hematocrit and mean cell volume for males, and total serum globulin for females. We also suggest that the models are generalizable, are clinically relevant, and imply underlying molecular and clinical differences between males and females that may affect prediction accuracy. The integration of both epidemiological and clinical data promises to create more robust models that shed new light on physiological processes.
Formation of ozone and growth of aerosols in young smoke plumes from biomass burning: 2. Three‐dimensional Eulerian studies

[1] Global-scale models of atmospheric chemistry (GACMs) “mix” biomass burning emissions into grid boxes with horizontal scales of 10–200 km. This ignores the complex nonlinear transformations that take place in the young smoke plumes. Here we use a new gas- and aerosol-phase chemistry model called Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP) and a 3-D Eulerian smoke plume model to simulate the fluid dynamics, radiative transfer, gas-phase chemistry, and aerosol-phase chemistry of the Timbavati smoke plume observed during SAFARI 2000. We then compare the results of the 3-D plume model with those of an Eulerian box model, which is used as an analog for the large grid boxes of GACMs. The 3-D plume model matched the observed plume injection height but required a large minimum horizontal diffusion coefficient to match the observed horizontal dispersion of the plume. Absorption and scattering by smoke aerosols reduced the modeled photolysis rates in the plume by 10–20%. Increasing the heterogeneous production of HONO and H2SO4 in the model and including uncharacterized organic species using monoterpenes as a proxy compound improves the model-observation match. Direct measurements of OH in the smoke plumes would be an excellent way to determine if heterogeneous production of HONO is taking place. The automatic dilution of smoke plume emissions into the large grid boxes of global models can result in large errors in predicted concentrations of O3, NOx and aerosol species downwind. We discuss several potential approaches that could reduce these errors.
The strong two-generator property in rings of integer-valued polynomials determined by finite sets

Let D be an integral domain and E = {e1,..., ek} a finite nonempty subset of D. Then Int(E, D) has the strong two-generator property if and only if D is a Bezout domain. If D is a Dedekind domain which is not a principal ideal domain, then we characterize which elements of Int(E, D) are strong two-generators.
Spin Wave Spectroscopy of Spin Polarized Atomic Hydrogen: Measurement of the Longitudinal Spin diffusion Coefficient

Abstract We describe the measurement of the longitudinal spin diffusion coefficient D0 in spin polarized atomic hydrogen through a detailed spectroscopic study of the small tipping angle, pulsed NMR frequency spectrum. Measurements are discussed for temperatures between 160 and 537 mK and for densities between 7×1015 and 5 × 1016cm−3 and are in good agreement with the theory. At low densities (
ALTERATION OF THE SENSORY PERCEPTION OF THE MUDDY/EARTHY ODORANT 2‐METHYLISOBORNEOL IN CHANNEL CATFISH ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS FILLET TISSUES BY ADDITION OF SEASONINGS

Commercial production of catfish requires frequent feeding, which contributes to effusive microbial blooms in ponds. Microbial production of the muddy metabolite 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) can reduce fish flavor quality. Although commercial seasonings may be added to fillets, little information is available concerning the sensory interaction of seasonings and MIB. The replicate sensory evaluation of catfish fillet samples containing either 1.0 or 10.0 ppb chemically-synthesized MIB conducted under controlled conditions indicated a more frequent acceptance of fish as on-flavored in samples treated with a “ lemon-pepper” commercial seasoning preparation than either untreated samples or those treated with a “ cajun-spice” seasoning blend. In addition, experimentation conducted with fish containing MIB from biological sources within the production pond, indicated a similar reduction in MIB flavor of lemon-pepper-treated samples. Although a 4-terpenol co-eluted with MIB from lemon-pepper treated samples subjected to gas chromatography mass spectroscopy, the compound(s) in the lemon-pepper preparation that interfere with the perception of MIB was (were) not identified.
Consumer Perceptions of Aquaculture Products

The consumption of seafood products, including aquacultural products, significantly increased during the 1970s and 1980s. However, during the late 1980s and early 1990s, per capita seafood consumption declined. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that current per capita consumption of seafood products is estimated at around 14.9 pounds, down from a peak of 16.1 pounds in 1987 (USDA). Uncertainty in the seafood supply has contributed to retail seafood prices rising faster than prices for other meat products (Harvey). To reduce the fluctuation in retail seafood prices, there is a need to stabilize production and offer consistency in supplies. However, consistency in the seafood supply can be expected to come primarily from aquaculture because of the problems of overutilization of natural or wild stocks (United Nations). Proponents of aquaculture are advocating its commercial expansion. However, several problems must be resolved before aquaculture's potential can be achieved. The first problem lies in the biological potential of a species to survive in an aquaculture environment. The second factor deals with the consumer's willingness to buy aquaculture products. The stiff competition offered by the beef, pork, poultry, and wild fisheries industries requires the aquaculture industry to use effective marketing strategies. This study focuses on the second issue raised regar ing the willingness of consumers to purchase products obtained from either the wild fishery or aquaculture. In particular, it deals with consumer preferences for fresh finfish and shellfish products purchased for home preparation and consumption in northeastern and MidAtlantic households.
Systematic assessment of 50 children with selective mutism

ABSTRACT Objective To clarify the diagnostic significance of selective mutism (elective mutism in DSM-III-R ). Method Fifty children with selective mutism were evaluated systematically by means of semistructured clinical interviews and rating scales to obtain detailed diagnostic information. Results All 50 children met DSM-III-R criteria for social phobia or avoidant disorder and 24 (48%) had additional anxiety disorders. Clinical measures of anxiety and behavioral symptoms supported the presence of anxiety disorders as a characteristic of selectively mute children. Only one case each of oppositional defiant disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was found. Conclusions Persistent selective mutism typically presents in the context of anxiety disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 1997, 36(5):653–660.
Inhibition of histamine death in pertussis-inoculated mice by cortisone and neoantergan

Abstract Cortisone inhibited the lethal effects of both histamine and H. pertussis vaccine in pertussis-inoculated mice. Cortisone also protected uninoculated mice from toxic death due to H. pertussis vaccine. The antihistamine, Neoantergan, protected pertussis-sensitized mice from the lethal effects of histamine but not from fatal amounts of H. pertussis vaccine. The advantages of using pertussis-inoculated, histamine-sensitive mice rather than guinea pigs in the screening of compounds which might be active against histamine are discussed.
Clinical and pharmacological considerations in elimination of tricyclic antidepressants and metabolites after overdose

Elimination of amitriptyline and/or metabolite after overdoses may be delayed because of impaired metabolism. A case is described where this was possibly related to hepatotoxicity. Metabolite concentrations, including 10-OH-derivatives, were highly elevated. The biological properties and clinical significance of these metabolites merit further study.
Dynamic instability of shear deformable antisymmetric angle-ply plates

Abstract The effect of shear deformation on dynamic instability of simply supported antisymmetric angle-ply rectangular plates is considered. The boundaries of the principal instability region are conveniently represented in the plane “non-dimensional excitation frequency squared-non-dimensional load amplitude”. The effects of the magnitude of the shear correction coefficients, number of layers, plate aspect ratio, and thickness-to-edge length ratio are illustrated in numerical examples.
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction Using Genetic Neural Support Vector Machines

Support vector machines (SVM) have shown strong generalization ability in a number of application areas, including protein structure prediction. In this paper a new tertiary classifier is introduced that makes use of support vector machines as neurons in a neural network architecture. This network is optimized using genetic algorithms. The novel tertiary classifier is better than most available techniques.
Discharge and sedimentation periodicities in small sized watersheds

Abstract We used wavelets to analyze the measured discharge and sedimentation during 2001 from the nested Agricultural Research Service watershed in Riesel Texas. Periodicities from wavelet spectra were interpreted in terms of experiments conducted on granular particle systems. Our time series analysis suggested (1) terracing in small watersheds can change nature of turbulence to an extent that sedimentation bears no relationship to flows; (2) fragmentation and shifting of sedimentation periodicities relative to discharge are common in upland erosion; and (3) sedimentation in transport flows displayed additional complex behavior involving recombination of discharge periodicities.
Dyadic Perception of Communicator Style Replication and Confirmation

An experiment was designed to replicate and confirm previous research findings which suggest that the way a person communicates is related to perception of communication behavior. The experiment was successful. Subjects with low Communicator Style Measure (CSM) scores do not report perceiving any appreciable difference between their communicator style and that of subjects with high CSM scores. In contrast, subjects with high CSM scores report perceiving a significant difference. Three raters evaluated the videotaped interactions and confirm that a significant difference exists between the way in which low and high CSM scorers communicate. Analysis of who actually dominated the interactions in terms of amount of talk and who controlled the outcome in terms of success at the task also confirms the presence of significant differences. Two explanations are posited and discussed: (1) social desirability and (2) perceptual deficiency.
Broad Spectrum Potential of Isaria fumosorosea Against Insect Pests of Citrus

Renewed interest in the use of entomopatho genic fungi in the management of insect pests led to the evaluation of Isaria fumosorosea Wize (Ifr) (= Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wize) A.H.s. Br. & G. Sm.) on citrus pests due to finding the inva sive, Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Ku wayama) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) infected with a strain of this fungus in a citrus grove (Meyer et al. 2008). The fungus was isolated from mycosed D. citri collected from the underside of foliage on or ange trees in Polk County, Florida. In this study, 3 hemipteran insects (psyllid, leafhopper, aphid) and 1 coleopteran (Diaprepes citrus root weevil) were evaluated for susceptibility to Ifr under lab oratory conditions. The Asian citrus psyllid, D. citri, is the vector of the citrus-infecting bacteria associated with citrus yellow shoot disease, known as Huanglongbing (Bove, 2006; 2008), and the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a vector for the plant-infecting bacteria, Xylella fas tidiosa which causes citrus variegated chlorosis, scorch-like diseases of fruit crops, and Pierce's disease of grapevine (Daugherty & Almeida 2009). the brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citrici dus (Kirkaldy) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a vec tor of citrus tristeza virus, CTV (Roy & Brlansky 2009) and the root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus L., is a common pest of citrus which has a broad host range and damages the roots of trees which permits phytopthora infections (Graham et al. 2003). Thus these insect pests of citrus trees were evaluated for susceptibility to strains of the ento mopathogenic fungus, Ifr. Presently, 3 Ifr strains are available for re search as blastospore formulations in the U.S.A. There is the Ifr APOPKA strain, in PFR 97 20% WDG® (Certis, Columbia, Maryland, USA), la beled for controlling psyllids, leafhoppers, and aphids; the Ifr 9901 strain, in NoFlyTM WP (Natu ral Industries, Houston, Texas labeled for control ling whiteflies, aphids and thrips and lastly, the non-commercial strain, Ifr 3581 available from the USDA/ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, Illinois, USA (Jackson et al. 1997). Ifr has several characteris tics that favor evaluation for controlling insect pests of citrus: 1) it is native to Florida, 2) it is compatible with non-target arthropods and 3) it can be horizontally transferred and infect conspe cifics (Sterk et al. 1995a, b; Avery et al. 2008, 2009, 2010). In our experiments only Ifr strain 3581 and PFR 97 were tested on the citrus pest insects. This is the first report indicating that H. vitripennis, T. citricidus and D. abbreviatus were susceptible to Ifr strains under laboratory condi tions.
Ockham's Razor and Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs): Are we overlooking the role of 5α-reductase?

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are a novel class of AR ligands that possess tissue-selective pharmacological activities. SARMs of various chemical structures have been discovered and characterized, and lead compounds with much improved specificity for AR, in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles, and higher degree of tissue selectivity have entered clinical development, and are expected to dramatically expand the clinical applications of androgens. With the rapid progress in SARM discovery and increasing demand for mechanism-based drug design, more and more research efforts have been devoted to the mechanisms of action of the observed tissue selectivity of SARMs. There is increasing enthusiasm in adapting the molecular mechanisms of action from SERM research to the SARM field; however, is the SARM story really so complicated? The tissue-specific expression of 5alpha-reductase might provide a simple explanation for this puzzle.
An adaptive multiple retransmission technique for continuous media streams

Retransmission can be used for loss recovery in continuous media applications but the number of retransmission attempts is bounded by the size of the playout buffer. For efficient recovery, a protocol must attempt as many retransmissions as possible but avoid late retransmissions. This typically requires that the playout buffer be sized in round-trip time (RTT) multiples plus some margin for error. RTT-based timers are then used to trigger retransmissions. However, this approach is problematic due to (i) the high variation in RTT commonly encountered in the Internet, and (ii) the coarse granularity of timers typically used in protocol implementations.We present two new retransmission-based protocols, for unicast and multicast respectively, which eliminate RTT estimation and timer-triggered events. As a result, our protocols are immune to errors due to RTT jitter and timer granularity and recover more losses, while better suppressing unnecessary retransmission requests and retransmissions than timer-based protocols. At the same time, our protocols are simpler to implement and degrade more gracefully than timer-based protocols.
Confidence intervals for a distribution function in the presence of auxiliary information

In this paper, we apply the empirical likelihood technique to construct confidence intervals for a population distribution function in the presence of some auxiliary information under a nonparametric setting. A simulation study is presented to assess the finite sample performance of the proposed confidence intervals.
Allergic rhinitis and asthma in a patient with unilateral pulmonary agenesis.

History of Present Illness A 23-year-old woman presented to the allergy/immunology clinic with a previous diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and asthma. The patient reported that she had started immunotherapy (IT) 34 weeks ago, prescribed by her prior allergist, and had been receiving IT at her college health clinic. Following graduation 2 months earlier, she had been giving herself IT injections at home. She denied any reactions and had injectable epinephrine available at home. She was new to our area and was interested in restarting her IT. Her nasal symptoms included congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching, and postnasal drip. She also complained of ocular watering, itching, injection, and discharge when around cats or dogs. Chest symptoms included a daily cough and occasional wheezing that she did not notice but others had pointed out to her. She denied any nocturnal symptoms. She had an albuterol metered-dose inhaler available but had not used it in the previous 3 months.
p53 binds to a constitutively nucleosome free region of the mdm2 gene

The mdm2 oncogene is a p53 responsive gene which contains both a p53 independent and a p53 dependent promoter (P1 and P2 respectively). We have utilized ligation mediated PCR genomic footprinting in order to investigate the intra-nuclear binding of p53 to the mdm2 P2 promoter. The DNase I protection pattern in nuclei from murine cells lacking p53 has been compared to the protection pattern in cells containing a temperature sensitive p53-Val135. At 32 degrees C p53-Val135 assumes a wild-type conformation while at 37 degrees C this p53 is conformationally mutant. We observed clear wild-type p53 dependent protection of the putative p53 response elements (REs) as well as protection of the adjacent TATA box. Interestingly the protection pattern observed with purified wild-type p53 on naked DNA showed less nucleotide sequence protection than the protection observed to be p53 dependent in nuclei. Constitutive DNase I hypersensitivity at both the mdm2 P1 and P2 promoters was detected by indirect Southern blot analysis. DNase I hypersensitivity reflects altered chromatin conformations resulting, most likely, from the absence of nucleosomes. Taken together our findings suggest that the mdm2 P2 promoter is maintained in a nucleosome free state which is pre-primed for transcriptional activation by p53.
Work in progress - continuing study of curiosity in the education of the engineer

This paper continues a study of the role of curiosity in the education of the engineer, expanding on a study first reported at FIE2004. New material from teaching and learning theory discusses the role of intellectual development of students, as well as their need to reject absolute knowing, and learn to move effectively back and forth between real-world experiences and models of reality. It is argued that curiosity flows more naturally from a dialectic that involves both rational and intuitive learning
Innate immune responses in hepatitis C virus-exposed healthcare workers who do not develop acute infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection typically results in chronic disease with HCV outpacing antiviral immune responses. Here we asked whether innate immune responses are induced in healthcare workers who are exposed to small amounts of HCV, but do not develop systemic infection and acute liver disease. Twelve healthcare workers with accidental percutaneous exposure to HCV-infected blood were prospectively studied up to 6 months for phenotype and function of NKT and NK cells, kinetics of serum chemokines, and vigor and specificity of HCV-specific T cell responses. Eleven healthcare workers tested negative for HCV RNA and HCV-antibodies. All but one of these aviremic cases displayed NKT cell activation, increased serum chemokines levels, and NK cell responses with increased CD122, NKp44, NKp46 and NKG2A expression, cytotoxicity (as determined by TRAIL and CD107a expression) and IFN-γ production. This multifunctional NK cell response appeared a month earlier than in the one health care worker who developed high-level viremia, and it differed from the impaired IFN-γ production, which is typical for NK cells in chronic HCV infection. The magnitude of NKT cell activation and NK cell cytotoxicity correlated with the magnitude of the subsequent HCV-specific T cell response. T cell responses targeted nonstructural HCV sequences that require translation of viral RNA, which suggests that transient or locally contained HCV replication occurred without detectable systemic viremia. Collectively, these results demonstrate that exposure to small amounts of HCV induces innate immune responses, which correlate with the subsequent HCV-specific T cell response and may contribute to antiviral immunity.
Repeated latex aeroallergen challenges employing a hooded exposure chamber: safety and reproducibility

Background: Bronchial, nasal, and conjunctival challenges are useful for clarifying discordant clinical history (Hx) and skin and/or serologic tests and in assessing semiquantitative changes in biologic sensitivity over time. The objective of this study was to determine the safety and reproducibility of repeated latex-allergen challenges with a hooded exposure chamber (HEC). Methods: The HEC system comprises a powered forced-air respirator with a fitted face shield and hood that uses glove-derived latex-allergen associated cornstarch particles (LAC) to expose simultaneously the conjunctiva, nose, and lungs. Serial control and incremental LAC challenges are conducted until an endpoint based on upper and/or lower respiratory tract symptoms and peak expiratory flow rates is reached. Six latex-allergic (Hx and puncture skin test [PST]- and 5/6 radioallergosorbent test [RAST]-positive) subjects were challenged on three separate occasions at least 2 weeks apart. Serial latex PST midpoints and serum anti-latex IgE by RAST were monitored at each visit and at a fourth follow-up visit. Results: All subjects responded to LAC, but not to air or control cornstarch administered as controls. All responses were confined to mild symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma that either resolved spontaneously or were reversed with inhaled albuterol. No subject experienced a systemic or delayed reaction. There were no significant changes in the endpoint LAC doses over the three challenge visits (P>0.2). The mean coefficient of variation for log2 endpoints within-subjects was 17.3±17.2% (SD). The serum latex-specific IgE was not significantly boosted by the three challenges (P>0.2). The concentration of latex extract necessary to produce an 8-mm wheal by PST was not significantly changed during the study (P>0.1), indicating that latex sensitivity was not affected by the repeated LAC exposures. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that repeated HEC latex-allergen challenges are both reproducible and safe, and do not increase latex sensitivity.