cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
OARS: exploring instructor analytics for online learning

Learning analytics systems have the potential to bring enormous value to online education. Unfortunately, many instructors and platforms do not adequately leverage learning analytics in their courses today. In this paper, we report on the value of these systems from the perspective of course instructors. We study these ideas through OARS, a modular and real-time learning analytics system that we deployed across more than ten online courses with tens of thousands of learners. We leverage this system as a starting point for semi-structured interviews with a diverse set of instructors. Our study suggests new design goals for learning analytics systems, the importance of real-time analytics to many instructors, and the value of flexibility in data selection and aggregation for an instructor when working with an analytics system.
Feasibility of early withdrawal of immunosuppression (WOI) followed by dose escalation of prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusion (pDLI) after T-cell depleted (TCD) matched donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

7050Background: We conducted a prospective trial to test the feasibility of early WOI followed by dose-escalation pDLI after alemtuzumab-based TCD conditioning for patients (pts) with high-risk hem...
Embedding palliative care in an outpatient oncology specialty clinic.

e18560Background: Access to palliative care is now considered a measure of quality comprehensive cancer programs. Our academic medical center has had inpatient palliative care consultations for ove...
Abstract TMP19: Long Term Functional Outcome of Intravenous Alteplase Administered Over Telestroke

Background: Intravenous alteplase (rtPA) is a proven treatment for acute ischemic stroke. The implementation of telestroke networks increases access to expert stroke care and rtPA administration. P...
Biopharmaceutical raw material variation and control

The current paradigm for raw material control in the biopharmaceutical industry remains a combination of compendial tests, function-based test and engineering controls. Moreover, ad hoc scale-down process studies remain the de facto approach to understand raw material variation challenges. The biopharmaceutical industry, however, continues to experience the impact of raw material variation are current approaches are insufficient to assess key raw material attributes. Here we review the current state of raw material variation and its biopharmaceutical impact along with analytical methods optimized for raw material characterization. A systematic raw material characterization and control strategy is then outlined as an integrated approach to address cell culture raw material variation challenges. This comprehensive long-term approach can be applied throughout the biopharmaceutical manufacturing process and across further modalities such as small molecules, proteins, and other cellular therapies.
Surgical Approach Decision-Making

Surgical approach decision-making in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy should be performed in a stepwise, systematic manner. Due to the heterogeneity of clinical presentations and radiographic findings, the correct surgical approach must be addressed on an individual basis. Based on the current systematic literature and a better understanding of cervical biomechanics and alignment parameters, surgical outcomes have improved. There is evidence that provides direction in choosing a particular surgical approach, but in some instances, there is equipoise between anterior and posterior surgical strategies. Case examples are provided to highlight particular surgical decisions.
Dynamic control of pathway expression with riboregulated switchable feedback promoters

Abstract Dynamic pathway regulation has emerged as a promising strategy in metabolic engineering for improved system productivity and yield, and continues to grow in sophistication. Bacterial stress-response promoters allow dynamic gene regulation using the host’s natural transcriptional networks, but lack the flexibility to control the expression timing and overall magnitude of pathway genes. Here, we report a strategy that uses RNA transcriptional regulators to introduce another layer of control over the output of natural stress-response promoters. This new class of gene expression cassette, called a riboregulated switchable feedback promoter (rSFP), can be modularly activated using a variety of mechanisms, from manual induction to quorum sensing. We develop and apply rSFPs to regulate a toxic cytochrome P450 enzyme in the context of a Taxol precursor biosynthesis pathway and show this leads to 2.4x fold higher titers than from the best reported strain. We envision that rSFPs will become a valuable tool for flexible and dynamic control of gene expression in metabolic engineering, protein and biologic production, and many other applications.
Generation and characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines from an Alzheimer's disease (ASUi001-A) and non-demented control (ASUi002-A) patient homozygous for the Apolipoprotein e4 (APOE4) risk variant

Although the majority of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are labeled sporadic, multiple genetic risk variants have been identified, the most powerful and prevalent of which is the e4 variant of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene. Here, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a clinically diagnosed AD patient [ASUi001-A] and a non-demented control (NDC) patient [ASUi002-A] homozygous for the APOE4 risk allele. These hiPSCs maintained their original genotype, expressed pluripotency markers, exhibited a normal karyotype, and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into cells representative of the three germ layers.
Impact of tobacco-pack pictorial warnings on youth and young adults: A systematic review of experimental studies.

INTRODUCTION We conducted a systematic review of the experimental literature on the impact of tobacco-pack pictorial warning labels (PWLs) on youth and young adults. METHODS We systematically searched computerized databases and the reference lists of relevant articles. We included studies that used an experimental protocol to assess PWLs. Studies had to report findings for youth or young adult samples (aged <30 years). Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total sample size of 27506. Two coders independently coded all study characteristics and outcomes. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies experimentally evaluated PWLs for cigarette packs while three studies evaluated PWLs for smokeless tobacco packs. Generally, PWLs led to higher attention, stronger cognitive and affective reactions, more negative pack attitudes and smoking attitudes, and increased intentions not to use tobacco products compared to text warnings. PWLs were perceived to be more effective than text warnings for both cigarette packs and smokeless tobacco packs. CONCLUSIONS The systematic review showed that PWLs on tobacco products are effective across a wide range of tobacco-related outcomes among young people. Gaps in the literature include a lack of research on tobacco initiation and cessation and a dearth of literature on non-cigarette tobacco products.
Towards a systematic framework for the synthesis of operable process intensification systems - application to reactive distillation systems

Abstract We present a systematic framework for the design and operability/safety optimization of process intensified systems, with specific focus on reactive distillation processes. This framework is based on a phenomenological process intensification/synthesis approach (i.e., Generalized Modular Representation Framework) which first identifies promising intensified tasks and then translates them to equipment-based flowsheet alternatives. Flexibility analysis is integrated with the synthesis model to ensure that resulting design configurations are operable under varying operating conditions. To systematically account for inherent safety performance, risk assessment criteria are included as process constraints involving failure frequency and consequence severity criteria. A case study on the production of methyl tertiary butyl ether is presented to highlight the potential of the proposed approach in deriving inherently operable and safe intensified reactive separation systems.
5.13 – Paleointensities

G. Folgheraiter suggested over a century ago that baked materials could in principle be used to study variations of the Earth’s magnetic field intensity in the past although he foresaw great difficulties. Over the last century, enormous progress has been made in laying the theoretical foundations for using archeological and geological materials to study variations in the strength of the magnetic field. Along with better theoretical foundations have come improvements in experimental design. Over the last decade, there has been an explosion of papers presenting data concerning variations in paleointensity through time, using both igneous and sedimentary records. In this chapter we will explore the theoretical basis for paleointensity experiments in igneous and sedimentary environments, review the existing data, and highlight current topics of interest.
Combining theories and experiments to understand the sodium nucleation behavior towards safe sodium metal batteries

Rechargeable sodium (Na) based batteries have gained tremendous research interest because of the high natural abundance and low cost of Na resources, as well as electrochemical similarities with lithium (Li) based batteries. However, despite the great potential as a candidate for next-generation grid-scale energy storage, the implementation of the Na metal anode has been primarily hindered by dendritic and "dead" Na formation that leads to low Coulombic efficiency, short lifespan and even safety concerns. Na dendrite formation mainly originates from the uncontrolled Na deposition behavior in the absence of nucleation site regulation. Hence, the Na nucleation and initial stage of growth are critically important for the final morphology of Na metal. Here, this tutorial review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the importance of the nucleation behavior towards dendrite-free Na metal anodes. Firstly, we start with an introduction about the advantages of Na metal batteries over the Li counterpart and the challenges faced by Na metal anodes. The differences between metallic Li and Na are summarized according to advanced in situ characterization techniques. Next, we elucidate the key factors that influence the Na nucleation and growth behaviors based on the existing theoretical models. Then, we review the state-of-the-art approaches that have been applied to effectively regulate Na nucleation for dendrite-free Na deposition. Lastly, we conclude the review with perspectives on realizing safe Na metal batteries with high energy density.
Machine Learning Enabled Lineshape Analysis in Optical Two-Dimensional Coherent Spectroscopy

Although analytical solutions exist, the analysis of two-dimensional spectroscopy (2DCS) data can be tedious. A machine learning approach to analyzing 2DCS spectra is presented. We test the accuracy of the algorithm on simulated and experimental data.
Dissipation in turbulent solutions of 2D Euler equations

We establish local balance equations for smooth functions of the vorticity in the DiPerna-Majda weak solutions of two-dimensional (2D) incompressible Euler equations, analogous to the balance proved by Duchon and Robert for kinetic energy in three dimensions. The anomalous term or defect distribution therein corresponds to the `enstrophy cascade' of 2D turbulence. It is used to define a rather natural notion of a `dissipative Euler solution' in 2D. However, we show that the DiPerna-Majda solutions with vorticity in Lp for p>2 are conservative and have zero defect. Instead, we must seek an alternative approach to dissipative solutions in 2D. If we assume an upper bound on the energy spectrum of 2D incompressible Navier-Stokes solutions by the Kraichnan-Batchelor k-3 spectrum, uniformly for high Reynolds number, then we show that the zero viscosity limits of the Navier-Stokes solutions exist, with vorticities in the zero-index Besov space B0,∞2, and that these give a weak solution of the 2D incompressible Euler equations. We conjecture that for this class of weak solutions enstrophy dissipation may indeed occur, in a sense which is made precise.
Reporting and utilization of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) measures in orthopedic research and practice: a systematic review

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information SystemⓇ (PROMISⓇ) is a dynamic system of psychometrically sound patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures. There has been a recent increase in the use of PROMIS measures, yet little has been written about the reporting of these measures in the field of orthopedics. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review to determine the uptake of PROMIS measures across orthopedics and to identify the type of PROMIS measures and domains that are most commonly used in orthopedic research and practice. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using keywords and database-specific subject headings to capture orthopedic studies reporting PROMIS measures through November 2018. Our inclusion criteria were use of PROMIS measures as an outcome or used to describe a population of patients in an orthopedic setting in patients ≥ 18 years of age. We excluded non-quantitative studies, reviews, and case reports. Our final search yielded 88 studies published from 2013 through 2018, with 57% (50 studies) published in 2018 alone. By body region, 28% (25 studies) reported PROMIS measures in the upper extremity (shoulder, elbow, hand), 36% (32 studies) reported PROMIS measures in the lower extremity (hip, knee, ankle, foot), 19% (17 studies) reported PROMIS measures in the spine, 10% (9 studies) reported PROMIS measures in trauma patients, and 6% (5 studies) reported PROMIS measures in general orthopedic patients. The majority of studies reported between one and three PROMIS domains (82%, 73 studies). The PROMIS Computerized Adaptive Test (CAT) approach was most commonly used (81%, 72 studies). The most frequently reported PROMIS domains were physical function (81%, 71 studies) and pain interference (61%, 54 studies). Our review found an increase in the reporting of PROMIS measures over the recent years. Utilization of PROMIS measures in orthopedic populations is clinically appropriate and can facilitate communication of outcomes across different provider types and with reduced respondent burden. The protocol for this systematic review was designed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and is registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42018088260).
Outcomes of patients with germ cell tumors diagnosed with stage I disease who subsequently received high dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with peripheral stem cell transplant (PBSCT) following failure of initial therapy for metastatic disease: The Indiana University experience.

5029Background: Pts with stage I testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) have a 15-year DFS of 99%. However, 1% are not cured, despite orchiectomy and systemic therapy at relapse. Predictive variables fo...
Analysis and Test Method on Transient Step Response Character of High Voltage DC Electronic Current Transformer

High voltage DC electronic current transformer is the key equipment in HVDC system, and its transient step response is one of the most important indicators for the control and protection, which is significant to power quality and power supply reliability of the power network. This paper introduces the structure of DC electronic current transformer and the corresponding transient step response character and related influence factors. A closed-loop test method on transient step response for DC electronic current transformer is proposed. Polynomial fitting is used to calculate the delay time of the step response, the rise time error of the field testing results and other key indicators. The validity of the test method is proved at a HVDC converter station testing system.
Temperature Effects on Desorption Behavior and Characteristic Wulff Shapes of Scandate Cathodes

Scandate cathodes have been shown to exhibit superior emission properties to other classes of thermionic cathodes. However, a deeper understanding of their fundamental operating behavior is crucial before widespread technological integration. It is a widely held hypothesis that the electron emission of scandate cathodes is related to Ba availability on the surfaces of the porous W matrix. In addition, extensive characterization of scandate cathodes motivates an additional hypothesis that high-performance cathodes all contain W nanoparticles of a particular shape. These attributes, Ba availability and nanoparticle shape, are significantly affected by temperature-the former due to desorption and the latter to the temperature-dependence of surface excess free energies. Here, we report computed Ba desorption rates for surfaces at $850^{\circ}C$ (operating temperature). We show that total Ba evaporation from the Ba/O-decorated W(110) surface $is\sim 13$ orders of magnitude higher than the Ba/O-decorated W(112). We also report that temperatures on the order of $850^{\circ}C$ imply that chemical environments suffcient to reduce BaO are required to form the W particle shapes observed in high-performing Sc cathodes.
Performance studies of the fixed stress split algorithm for immiscible two-phase flow coupled with linear poromechanics

In this work, we measure the performance of the fixed stress split algorithm for the immiscible water-oil flow coupled with linear poromechanics. The two-phase flow equations are solved on general hexahedral elements using the multipoint flux mixed finite element method whereas the poromechanics equations are discretized using the conforming Galerkin method. We introduce a rigorous calculation of the update in poroelastic properties during the iterative solution of the coupled system equations. The effects of the coupling parameter on the performance of the fixed stress algorithm is demonstrated in two field studies: the Frio oil reservoir and the Cranfield injection site.
Advanced DEA Models

The DEA field has grown tremendously during the past three decades. In addition to the most frequently used models presented in this book, there are other models of DEA. These more specific models provide solutions to specific conditions and also they provide advancement to basic models. We will briefly describe them here, and the interested reader can further inquire from the following texts listed in the references: Cooper et al. (2007) and Zhu (2009). We will demonstrate super-efficiency and congestion DEA methods below, which can be applied to problems in health care organizations. We will also extend the discussion to network and dynamic DEA models that have been recently added to the DEA arsenal. We will conclude the chapter with multistage applications of DEA including bootstrapping.
Lower extremity ischemia, calf skeletal muscle characteristics, and functional impairment in peripheral arterial disease

Although it is known that patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have greater functional impairment and faster rates of functional decline than persons without PAD,1,2 mechanisms of functional impairment and decline in PAD are not well established. Ischemia-related pathological changes in calf skeletal muscle may contribute to functional impairment in patients with PAD, but associations between lower extremity ischemia, calf muscle characteristics, and lower extremity functioning in PAD are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether participants with lower ankle brachial index (ABI) levels have lower calf skeletal muscle area and greater calf muscle percentage fat than participants with higher ABI levels. Associations between calf muscle area and calf muscle percentage fat and the degree of functional impairment in persons with PAD were also evaluated.
Unlinkable Secret Handshakes and Key-Private Group Key Management Schemes

We present the first practical unlinkable secret handshakescheme. An unlinkable secret handshake is a two-way authentication protocol in a PKI setting which protects privacy and anonymity of allinformation about the participants to everyoneexcept of their intended authentication partners. Namely, if entity A certified by organization CAAwants to authenticate itself only to other entities certified by CAA, and, symmetrically, entity B certified by CABwants to authenticate itself only to entities also certified by CAB, then a secret handshake protocol authenticates these parties and establishes a fresh shared key between them if and only if CAA= CABand the two parties entered valid certificates for this CA into the protocol. If, however CAAi¾? CAB, or CAA= CABbut either Aor Bis not certified by this CA, the secret handshake protocol reveals no informationto the participants except of the bare fact that their inputs do not match. In other words, an Unlinkable Secret Handshake scheme is a perfectly private authentication method in the PKI setting: One can establish authenticated communication with parties that possess the credentials required by one's policy, and at the same time one's affiliation andidentity remain perfectly secret to everyone except of the parties to whom one wants to authenticate. Efficient secret handshake schemes, i.e. authentication protocols which protect the privacy of participants' affiliations, were proposed before, but participants in these schemes remained linkable. Namely, an attacker could recognize all the instances of the protocol executed by the same entity. Secondly, the previous schemes surrendered user's privacy if the certificates of this user were revoked, and our scheme alleviates this problem as well. Unlinkable schemes were proposed as well, but they either relied on single-use certificates, or did not support revocation, or required instantaneous propagation of revocation information. Crucial ingredients in our construction of unlinkable secret handshakes are chosen-ciphertext secure key-private encryption and multi-encryption schemes, and the first efficient construction of a key-private group key management scheme, which is a stateful analogue of (key-private) public key broadcast encryption.
Object Tracking using Color Correlogram

Color histogram based representations have been widely used for blob tracking. In this paper, a new color histogram based approach for object representation is proposed. By using a simplified version of color correlogram as object feature, spatial information is incorporated into object representation, which allows variations of rotation to be detected throughout the tracking therefore rotational objects can be more accurately tracked. The gradient decent method mean shift algorithm is adopted as the central computational module and further extended to a 3D domain to find the mostprobable target position and orientation simultaneously. The capability of the tracker to tolerate appearance changes like orientation changes, small scale changes, partial occlusions and background scene changes is demonstrated using real image sequences.
A rigorous yet simple method for determining stability of linear N-port networks [and MMIC application]

The authors describe a technique for easily calculating normalized determinant function using return ratios. It is shown that an elegant yet simple relationship exists between the return ratios of each dependent source in a linear network and Platzker's normalized determinant function. Using this relationship, the stability (or instability) of linear N-port networks containing any number of active devices can easily be determined using commercially available circuit simulators. An example is shown where this new technique correctly predicts instability in a GaAs MMIC power amplifier. >
Non-concurrent fault identification in discrete event systems using encoded Petri net states

In this paper we extend a previously developed coding-based methodology for monitoring faults in discrete event systems that are described by Petri nets. We present a systematic design that enables us to non-concurrently detect and identify a maximum of 2k-1 transition faults and a maximum of k place faults that may occur at various instants during the operation of the system. Using an encoded Petri net model with 2k redundant places (and the connections and tokens associated with them) the worst-case complexity of the detection and identification procedure is O(k/sup 2/(m+n)), where n and m are respectively the number of places and transitions in the given Petri net model. The proposed fault detection and identification approach does not need to explicitly track or reconstruct the system state evolution and is well-suited for non-concurrent diagnosis.
The Sense of a Vacuum: A Response

In response to the discussants this essay places Wages of Destruction in its historiographical context. In dialogue with Riley’s call for a reading of Nazi Germany in terms of a theory of imperialism, it calls for an account of the ‘variable geometry’ of regime-business relations. In conclusion, however, we must insist on the ‘vacuum’ of causal logic that is a defining characteristic of the history of the Nazi regime.
Passive optical self-limiter using laser-induced axially asymmetric and symmetric transverse self-phase modulations in nematic liquid crystals.

Using low-power cw lasers in conjunction with the symmetric and asymmetric nonlinear transverse self-phase modulation imparted by a nematic liquid-crystal film, we have demonstrated two forms of transverse intensity-switching and power-limiting operations. Applications to high-power nanosecond laser are also feasible.
A Library of Spirooxindoles Based on a Stereoselective Three-Component Coupling Reaction

A collection of structurally complex and chemically diverse small molecules is a useful tool to explore cell circuitry. In this article, we report the split-pool synthesis of more than 3000 spirooxindoles on high capacity macrobeads. The key reaction to assemble the spirooxindole core stereoselectively is a Lewis acid variant of the Williams' three-component coupling. After formation, the skeleton was elaborated using Sonogashira couplings, amide forming reactions, and N-acylations of gamma-lactams. The final library was analyzed by sampling individual macrobeads and by using binomial confidence limits. It was determined that at least 82% of the library compounds should have better than 80% purity. To demonstrate the utility of our discovery process, a high-throughput chemical genetic modifier screen was performed using stock solutions of the resultant products. A number of positives were identified as enhancers of the cellular actions of latrunculin B, an actin polymerization inhibitor. Through resynthesis, we confirmed one of the positives and demonstrated that, in yeast cells, it has an EC50 in the sub-micromolar range.
A fractional programming approach for retail category price optimization

We present a new mixed-integer programming (MIP) approach to study certain retail category pricing problems that arise in practice. The motivation for this research arises from the need to design innovative analytic retail optimization techniques at Oracle Corporation to not only predict the empirical effect of price changes on the overall sales and revenue of a category, but also to prescribe optimal dynamic pricing recommendations across a category or demand group. A multinomial logit nonlinear optimization model is developed, which is recast as a discrete, nonlinear fractional program (DNFP). The DNFP model employs a bi-level, predictive modeling framework to manage the empirical effects of price elasticity and competition on sales and revenue, and to maximize the gross-margin of the demand group, while satisfying certain practical side-constraints. This model is then transformed by using the Reformulation---Linearization Technique in tandem with a sequential bound-tightening scheme to recover an MIP formulation having a relatively tight underlying linear programming relaxation, which can be effectively solved by any commercial optimization software package. We present sample computational results using randomly generated instances of DNFP having different constraint settings and price range restrictions that are representative of common business requirements, and analyze the empirical effects of certain key modeling parameters. Our results indicate that the proposed retail price optimization methodology can be effectively deployed within practical retail category management applications for solving DNFP instances that typically occur in practice.
Spectroscopic studies of ethylene adsorption on oxygen-modified Ag(1 1 1) at high pressures

Abstract 2-Iodoethanol adsorbs on Ag(1 1 1) to form 2-hydroxyethyl species which react at ∼230 K to eliminate water and ethylene and to deposit species of stoichiometry C 2 H 4 O. At high coverages, this forms predominantly oxametallacyclic species which exhibit vibrational modes at 759, 972 and 1069 cm −1 . The oxametallacycle thermally decomposes forming acetaldehyde. The reflection-absorption infrared spectra of both ethylene and ethylene oxide adsorbed on oxygen-activated Ag(1 1 1) at 300 K under a pressure of 1 Torr show that they react to form both acetaldehyde and ethylene oxide species. Ethylene oxide adsorbs at high pressures via the oxygen atom with the molecular plane tilted with respect to the (1 1 1) surface. All of the adsorbed ethylene oxide and the majority of the acetaldehyde desorb on heating to 390 K, with the remainder of the acetaldehyde being removed by heating to 450 K. These results are in accord with previous temperature-programmed desorption data which showed the formation of acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide and CO 2 in this temperature range.
On the Circulation of Atlantic Water in the Arctic Ocean

An idealized eddy-resolving numerical model and an analytic three-layer model are used to develop ideas aboutwhatcontrolsthecirculationofAtlanticWaterintheArctic Ocean.Thenumericalmodelisforcedwith a surface heat flux, uniform winds, and a source of low-salinity water near the surface around the perimeter of an Arctic basin. Despite this idealized configuration, the model is able to reproduce many general aspects of the Arctic Ocean circulation and hydrography, including exchange through Fram Strait, circulation of Atlantic Water, a halocline, ice cover and transport, surface heat flux, and a Beaufort Gyre. The analytic model depends on a nondimensional number, and provides theoretical estimates of the halocline depth, stratification, freshwater content, and baroclinic shear in the boundary current. An empirical relationship between freshwater content and sea surface height allows for a prediction of the transport of Atlantic Water in the cyclonic boundary current. Parameters typical of the Arctic Ocean produce a cyclonic boundary current of Atlantic Water of O(1 2 2Sv; where 1Sv [ 10 6 m 3 s 21 ) and a halocline depth of O(200m), in reasonable agreement with observations. The theory compares well with a series of numerical model calculations in which mixing and environmental parameters are varied, thus lending credibility to the dynamics of the analytic model. In these models, lateral eddy fluxes from the boundary and vertical diffusion in the interior are important drivers of the halocline and the circulation of Atlantic Water in the Arctic Ocean.
Multi class boosted random ferns for adapting a generic object detector to a specific video

Detector adaptation is a challenging problem and several methods have been proposed in recent years. We propose multi class boosted random ferns for detector adaptation. First we collect online samples in an unsupervised manner and collected positive online samples are divided into different categories for different poses of the object. Then we train a multi-class boosted random fern adaptive classifier. Our adaptive classifier training focuses on two aspects: discriminability and efficiency. Boosting provides discriminative random ferns. For efficiency, our boosting procedure focuses on sharing the same feature among different classes and multiple strong classifiers are trained in a single boosting framework. Experiments on challenging public datasets demonstrate effectiveness of our approach.
Two measures of auditory evoked response amplitude and their relationship to background EEG.

All-night sleep EEG and auditory evoked responses (AERs) were recorded in 8 children whose ages ranged from 27 to 60 months. EEG intensity was measured by means of a Drohocki-type integrator. Two measures of evoked response amplitude were calculated: the peak-to-peak amplitude of the P2N2 component, and a multiple-component amplitude measure of the first 500 msec of the response. Both amplitude measurements were found to correlate well with each other. Changes in EEG intensity between subjects were not correlated with changes in AER amplitude, but a number of correlations between AER amplitude and EEG intensity were found within individual subjects. Further analysis suggested the latter finding might be a result of the presence of “unaveraged’EEG in individual AER plots. It is concluded that little correlation exists between AER amplitude and EEG intensity in children during sleep.
Development of a near infrared fluorescence catheter: operating characteristics and feasibility for atherosclerotic plaque detection

We present a one-dimensional optical fibre-based imaging catheter specifically developed for the atherosclerotic plaque detection of emerging novel near infrared fluorescence imaging agents. We show that femtomole amounts of fluorochromes can be detected, especially in the presence of a blood-free medium. We further studied the catheter responses for a wide range of laser powers and biologically relevant concentrations of fluorochrome. In vitro tissue-like phantoms and human carotid plaque specimen measurements further demonstrate the feasibility of atherosclerotic plaque detection.
II. A resonance method of measuring energy dissipated in condensers

(1899). II. A resonance method of measuring energy dissipated in condensers. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 47, No. 284, pp. 19-40.
Critical behavior of hadronic fluctuations and the effect of final-state randomization

The critical behaviors of the quark-hadron phase transition are explored by use of the Ising model adapted for hadron production. Various measures involving the fluctuations of the produced hadrons in bins of various sizes are examined with the aim of quantifying the clustering properties that are universal features of all critical phenomena. Some of the measures involve wavelet analysis. Two of the measures are found to exhibit the canonical power-law behavior near the critical temperature. The effect of final-state randomization is studied by requiring the produced particles to take random walks in the transverse plane. It is demonstrated that for the measures considered the dependence on the randomization process is weak. Since temperature is not a directly measurable variable, the average hadronic density of a portion of each event is used as the control variable that is measurable. The event-to-event fluctuations are taken into account in the study of the dependence of the chosen measures on that control variable. Phenomenologically verifiable critical behaviors are found and are proposed for use as a signature of quark-hadron phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Atherosclerosis and the genetic basis of lipoprotein disease

Abstract Atherosclerosis has a multifactorial aetiology, resulting from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Plasma lipoproteins play a central role in atherogenesis. There is increasing evidence to suggest that the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is associated with specific genetic polymorphisms of the lipoprotein receptors, enzymes and apolipoproteins regulating lipid metabolism and transport. In addition to improving screening for high-risk individuals, identification of these genetic polymorphisms will provide new targets for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
The serials directory: An international reference book

(1987). The Serials Directory: An International Reference Book. Serials Review: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 5-14.
Chemotherapy for older patients with colorectal cancer

1should be applauded for doing a trial in frail older patients with colorectal cancer—a group that has traditionally been excluded from all randomised clinical trials. In the study, all four groups received fl uorouracil or its prodrug capecitabine. Fluorouracil is known to have adverse cardiotoxic eff ects. 2 The incidence of fl uorouracil-induced cardiac events is about 7·6%. 3 Most older patients with cancer also have other serious comorbidities, of which heart and vascular disease are most prevalent. 4 Similarly, the prevalence of colorectal cancer in patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery disease is high and has been reported to be 34%. 5 In clinical practice, most of these older patients with colon cancer and vascular disease undergo costly cardiac tests before chemotherapy and in some cases are even denied fl uorouracil-based chemotherapy.
Familiarity and conceptual implicit memory: Individual differences and neural correlates

Abstract Voss, Lucas, and Paller point out that explicit recognition tests can be supported by implicit processes, and that conceptual implicit memory may be reflected in ERP correlates of familiarity-based recognition. Here, we argue that an examination of individual differences indicates that familiarity is coupled with conceptual implicit memory across participants, and that fMRI and patient data indicate that the perirhinal cortex is critical for both forms of memory. We suggest that the same process that leads an item to come to mind readily in conceptual implicit tests may also lead the item to seem familiar in explicit recognition tests.
A Combined NMR and Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Sequence Context Effects on Backbone Dynamics of DNA

The mechanisms by which proteins recognize and bind to specific DNA sequences underlie the regulation of basic cell cycle events. Protein recognition sites are frequently regarded in terms of direct readout: as short, rigid sequences that a protein recognizes via base edge contacts. Protein-DNA recognition often operates by indirect readout, in which protein-DNA complexes involve contacts to the phosphate backbone. Dynamic variation of these backbone sites likely plays a large role in binding specificity; one form of dynamic backbone variation is the conformational equilibrium between the BI and BII substates of the canonical B-form of DNA.In this work we perform MD simulations of six DNA sequences, previously characterized using 31P NMR, that contain biologically relevant protein recognition sites with differing flanking sequences. The synergistic use of NMR experiments and MD simulations allows for the rigorous assessment of BI/BII profiles in order to study sequence context effects on the conformational ensemble and dynamics of the DNA backbone. Taken together, our NMR and MD data indicate that sequence context plays a significant role in backbone dynamics; most prominently, A- and T-heavy flanking sequences appear to largely quench backbone dynamics. These data also demonstrate that recent MD force field enhancements are able to successfully reproduce patterns of backbone structure determined by NMR. Moreover, the MD simulations enable investigation of sequence steps that remain unresolved in crowded NMR regions, while the NMR data suggest avenues for future force field improvements.
Parallel Nature of the Λ 1 − Λ 3 Energy Bands in Germanium

We report that the 2-eV electroreflectance structures in germanium can be represented by a two-dimensional critical line which contains the $L$ point and extends over approximately 80% of the distance from $L$ to $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$.
Workflow and Metrics for Image Quality Control in Large-Scale High-Content Screens

Automated microscopes have enabled the unprecedented collection of images at a rate that precludes visual inspection. Automated image analysis is required to identify interesting samples and extract quantitative information for high-content screening (HCS). However, researchers are impeded by the lack of metrics and software tools to identify image-based aberrations that pollute data, limiting experiment quality. The authors have developed and validated approaches to identify those image acquisition artifacts that prevent optimal extraction of knowledge from high-content microscopy experiments. They have implemented these as a versatile, open-source toolbox of algorithms and metrics readily usable by biologists to improve data quality in a wide variety of biological experiments.
Personality in relation to genetic liability for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Differential associations with the COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may share aspects of genetic etiology. Evidence supports the Val 108/158 Met polymorphism of the Catechol-o-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene as potentially contributing to the etiology of both disorders. To determine whether the COMT gene is associated with personality traits related to genetic risk for either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, we examined dimensions of personality psychopathology in biological relatives of individuals with the disorders. Specifically, we contrasted personality characteristics of first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia, first-degree relatives of people with bipolar-I disorder, and nonpsychiatric control participants using scores from the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Brief Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ). We also characterized the COMT Val 108/158 Met polymorphism of subjects. Compared to controls, relatives of schizophrenia patients scored lower on stimulus seeking and higher on restrictive expression and social avoidance. Compared to relatives of bipolar patients, relatives of schizophrenia patients had lower scores on narcissism, rejectionality (i.e., rejection of ideas of others), stimulus seeking, passive-aggressive oppositionality, and self-harm. The subset of relatives of schizophrenia patients who were COMT val homozygotes exhibited lower scores on narcissism, rejectionality, and stimulus seeking than met homozygote relatives of schizophrenia patients and control participants. Although relatives of bipolar patients showed scale elevations consistent with emotional dysregulation, the scores failed to be associated with the Val 108/158 Met polymorphism. Abnormally low narcissism and rejectionality in val homozygote relatives of schizophrenia patients suggests that the val allele of the COMT polymorphism may be associated with an underdeveloped self-concept phenomenologically similar to made volition and passivity experiences comprising first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia.
Theoretical prediction of sulfuric acid condensation rates in boiler flue gas

Abstract Prediction of acid condensation has a critical role in designing heat exchangers to recover water vapor from power plant flue gas. Rates of mass transfer for condensation of sulfuric acid vapors onto heat exchanger tubes were theoretically investigated and a computer program for numerical simulations of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was developed. Governing equations based on mass and energy balances for the system were derived to predict variables such as flue gas exit temperatures, cooling water outlet temperatures, and molar fractions and condensation rates of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The associated equations were solved using an iterative solution technique and a one dimensional finite difference method with forward differencing. The Controlled Condensation Method (EPA Method 8B) was applied to experimentally obtain concentration profiles of sulfuric acid vapor in flue gas along downstream in the system. Predicted results of sulfuric acid vapor condensation were compared with empirical data for model validation, and the discrepancy is analyzed in terms of measurement and computation uncertainties. It is found that from both modeling and test results sulfuric acids as well as water vapors are reduced and separated in condensing heat exchanger due to mass transfer with condensation in flue gas. The modeling methodology described here is applicable to theoretical prediction of sulfuric acid and water condensation in full scale flue gas condensing heat exchanger applications.
Bogoliubov-Zubarev Description of a Weakly Interacting Bose Gas

Bogoliubov-Zubarev's exact transformation, specific to a weakly interacting Bose gas having a condensate, yields a Hamiltonian describing a gas of interacting excitations. The non-Hermiticity of the Hamiltonian arises from the nonorthogonality of the physical states; it has some significant consequences. The excitation spectrum is gapless in every approximation; the lowest-order correction is evaluated numerically and shown to be small. It is concluded that the approach presents a prospective method for a quantitative description of the weakly interacting Bose gas.
Diode laser prostatectomy (VLAP): initial canine evaluation

This study evaluated the acute and chronic effects of diode laser (960 nm) prostatectomy using a Prolase II fiber in a canine model (n equals 5). The laser fiber consists of a 1000 um quartz fiber which reflects a cone of laser energy, at 45 degree(s) to the axis of the fiber, into the prostatic urethra (Visual Laser Ablation of Prostate). Perineal access was used to guide a 15.5 Fr cystoscope to the level of the prostate. Under visual guidance and continual saline irrigation, 60 watts of laser power was delivered for 60 seconds at 3, 9, and 12 o'clock and 30 seconds at the 6 o'clock (posterior) positions for a total energy fluence of 12,600 J. One prostate received an additional 60 second exposure at 3 and 9 o'clock for a total fluence of 19,800 J. The prostates were evaluated at one day (n equals 1) and 8 weeks (n equals 4). The histopathology of laser effects at one day show areas of necrosis with loss of glandular structures and stromal edema. Surrounding this area was a zone of degenerative glandular structures extending up to 17.5 mm (cross sectional diameter). The histopathology of the 8 week laser treated animals demonstrated dilated prostatic urethras with maximum cross- sectional diameter of 23.4 mm (mean equals 18.5 +/- 3.9 mm). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of diode laser energy for prostatic tissue coagulation and eventual sloughing. The results also demonstrate the safety of diode laser energy, with similar tissue response as seen with Nd:YAG laser, for laser prostatectomy.
Emitter bypassing in transistor circuits

The emitter bypass capacitor has probably become as commonplace in transistor circuitry as its vacuum tube counterpart, the cathode bypass capacitor. An equivalent circuit analysis of the common-emitter amplifier yields a simple relation that may be used for the determination of the approximate value of the capacitor in terms of the required low-frequency response and the circuit and transistor parameters.