cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Slow dynamics of metallic glass measured at room temperature with a fiber optic interferometer

Transversely annealed strips of metallic glass have been probed using a fiber interferometer. This technique can measure strain variations down to 10/sup -13///spl radic/Hz. We report measurements of low-frequency 1/f type noise stemming from localized magnetic relaxation in the amorphous material.
Fixing the leaky pipe: increasing recruitment of underrepresented groups in ecology

I would describe my graduate career in ecol ogy as "serendipitous". As a daughter of Latino parents who grew up in challenging environments with limited access to education, I was lucky to graduate from college, let alone pursue a PhD. I was also fortunate to meet a men tor who introduced me to ecology and graduate school. Unfortunately, many students from underrepresented groups lack adequate opportunities and mentorship as they head through the "pipeline" to graduate school. Despite the need for unique perspectives in collaborative scientific research, ethnic minority students continue to "leak" from the system. According to demographic projec tions, over 50% of the US population will be composed of individuals from underrepresented groups by the year 2050 (US Department of Commerce 1996). At present, how ever, these groups constitute only 6.5% of students enrolled in higher degree programs in ecology (NSF 2007). What can we do to remedy this? Exposure, oppor tunity, and access appear to be key. Here, I present some points for consideration for academic professionals (including educators, administrators, and program man agers), based on the first-hand experiences of successful minority scientists I have interviewed or who have pub lished on the subject. Introduce ecology early and supply access to research and career opportunities. It is important to publicize research, internship, and graduate program opportunities and pro vide financial support. The Ecological Society of America's (ESAs) Strategies for Ecology Education, Development, and Sustainability (SEEDS) program has effectively intro duced minority scientists to ecology by providing fellow ships and field trips, as well as travel awards to ESA's annual meetings (www.esa.org/seeds/). Create "bridge" programs that facilitate the transition of minority students from one level of academia to the next. Summer courses, orientation programs, intemships, research experiences, and cultural events all teach stu dents about the academic and social expectations of uni versities. For example, the Meyerhoff Scholars Program at the University of Maryland (UMD) has offered scholar ships, summer bridge programs, and intemships, as well as engaged students' families, and provided faculty and peer mentoring in an effort to recruit and retain minorities in science. As a result, minority participation in the sciences at UMD has increased 18%; in addition, UMD has recently introduced a graduate fellows program (Summers and Hrabowski 2006; WebTables 1 and 2). Build a sense of community through the creation of outreach
Aggregating dispersed workers: Union organizing in the “care” industries

Abstract This paper analyzes recent union efforts to organize low-wage workers in the home- and community-based segments of homecare, childcare, and services to people with developmental disabilities in the US. In these sectors, consumer demand has combined with privatization to create an army of “flexible”, part-time, poverty-wage workers, most of them women, people of color, and immigrants. This workforce is profoundly fragmented due to the preponderance of small nonprofit employers, widespread self-employment, and spatially atomized labor performed within myriad private homes. However, service sector unions have adapted creatively to these opportunities and constraints by implementing two interlinked scale-jumping strategies to overcome care workers’ spatial and organizational atomization. One is state-by-state policy advocacy to raise labor (and service) standards industry-wide and to aggregate employment through various organizational and legal interventions. The other is coalition building with consumers and advocates at the local, state, and national level to generate essential political support for these measures. We find that the success of this strategy has been shaped in large part by the political landscape of region and the political economy of distinct care industry segments. Finally, the resulting care industry unionism constitutes a distinct strand of an emergent public services unionism—in which consumers and workers struggle to define care labor as a socially necessary public good, and workers pushed into the nebulous zone between state and market struggle to define themselves as public workers.
Home Sweet Hospital: The Nature and Limits of Private Responsibilities for Home Health Care

“Responsibility” for the care of one’s family members is, according to these selected quotations, an opportunity that families need (and presumably lack), a task traditionally assigned to women, a personally costly obligation, a loving act, a total commitment. Responsibility is, variously, something to cherish, something to resent, something that is thrust upon one, or something that one tries to thrust upon others.
Interactions between Two Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Pathogens: Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Entomophaga maimaiga (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales): Field Studies and a Simulation Model

Abstract The sudden appearance of a fungal pathogen, Entomophaga maimaiga, in gypsy moth ( Lymantria dispar ) populations in the United States in 1989 raised questions concerning its effect on mortality from nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV), a pathogen that causes the collapse of defoliating gypsy moth populations. To determine the impacts of E. maimaiga on LdMNPV-induced larval mortality, we collected gypsy moth larvae from seven 0.04-ha plots in 1992 and four 0.04-ha plots in 1994. Two of the plots in 1994 were supplemented with artificial rain, and the gypsy moth larvae in those plots had a higher E. maimaiga -induced mortality (seasonal cumulative mortality of 81%) than those in unwatered plots (66%). The levels of LdMNPV mortality were similar in both watered and unwatered plots (seasonal cumulative mortalities of 35 and 39%, respectively). To elucidate the impact of E. maimaiga on LdMNPV-induced mortality, we modified a previously developed host–pathogen model for LdMNPV to include both pathogens and fit it to our observed data on E. maimaiga mortality. The model predicted that, at moderate densities of gypsy moths, as in our plots, the mortality induced by LdMNPV would not be very different with or without E. maimaiga. This occurred because gypsy moth mortality from E. maimaiga reaches the highest level only when the older instars are present.
Hegelianism: The Path Toward Dialectical Humanism, 1805-1841

Preface Introduction Part I. Philosophy and Cultural Integration: Hegel in Context: 1. The origins of the Hegelian project: tensions in the father's world 2. Revolution and Romanticism: the generational context of Hegel's ideology of cultural integration 3. The reconciliation of Reason and reality: Hegel's differentiation from Romanticism Part II. The Historical Appropriation of the Absolute: Unity and Diversity in the Hegelian School, 1805-1831: 4. Hegel and Hegelianism: disciples and sympathisers in the formation of the Hegelian school 5. Hegelian politics during the Restoration: accommodation, critique, and historical transcendence 6. Christian religion and Hegelian philosophy during the Restoration: accommodation, critique, and historical transcendence Part III. The Reduction of the Absolute to 'Man': The Division of the School and the Emergence of the Hegelian Left, 1830-1841: 7. Right, centre, and left: the division of the Hegelian school in the 1830s 8. Strauss and the principle of immanence 9. Bruno Bauer and the reduction of absolute spirit to human self-consciousness 10. Feuerbach and the reduction of absolute spirit to human 'species being' Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index.
Aggregate behavior of branch points: characterization in wave optical simulation

Atmospheric turbulence imparts phase distortions on propagating optical waves. These distortions couple into amplitude fluctuations at the pupil of a telescope, which, for strong enough phase distortions, produce zeros in the amplitude called branch points. In our earlier work, we presented the case that branch points can be utilized as a source of information on the turbulent atmosphere. Using our bench-top data, we have demonstrated several properties of branch points including motion, density, persistence and separation. We have shown that the pupil plane motion of subsets of branch points scales to the velocities of atmospheric turbulence layers and identifies the number of branch point producing layers. We have identified empirical relationships for density and separation as functions of the strength and altitude for a single layer. All of this work has been done using a bench-top adaptive optics system utilizing a two-layer atmospheric turbulence simulator. In this paper, we use simulations to verify these previous results by showing that all of these branch point properties follow similar behaviors in independently anchored wave optics simulations.
Changes in nucleic acid and protein content in nuclei of human cervical cells

Abstract Nuclei in five classes of cervical cells observed in Pap smears were studied using quantitative epifluorescence microscopy. The five classes of cells were: parabasal (Pb) cells; intermediate cells with round (I-R), oval (I-O), and rod-pyknotic (I-RP) nuclei; and, pyknotic (P) cells. Six nuclear traits were measured: total nucleic acid, DNA. RNA, total protein, histone, and non-histone protein. The six nuclear indices increased as Pb cells became I-R cells (cell enlargement and maturation), and then decreased as I-R cells degenerated through the following senescence sequence: I-O → I-RP → P. We infer that these changes continue and result in anucleate, superficial cells, Pb cells are probably in early stages of DNA synthesis (S-phase of the cell cycle) since the mean for DNA increased as they became I-R cells. The following types of cells comprised the Pap smears studied: Pb, 7%; I-R, 19%; I-O, 55%; I-RP, 8%; P, 9%; superficial cells with nuclei devoid of nucleic acids, 1%; and, anucleate cells, 1%. We conclude that cervical exfoliative cytology provides a model system for the study of human cell development, maturation, senescence, and death in addition to its use in detecting early through late stages of cervical cancer. The high correlation between the nuclear indices studied suggests that several quantitative nuclear parameters other than DNA may be useful for cancer detection.
Coital behavior in dogs. XI. Effects of androgenic stimulation during development on masculine mating responses in females.

Abstract Six groups of adult beagles were tested for the display of masculine mating responses to sexually receptive bitches. Treatment and constitution of the several groups were as follows: females whose mothers were injected with TP for 10 days during the second trimester, females implanted with a testosterone pellet 1–3 days postpartum, females whose mothers were injected with TP during pregnancy and who received a testosterone pellet 1–3 days postpartum, females ovariohysterectomized in adulthood but given no androgen during development, males castrated within 48 hr postpartum, and males castrated in adulthood. All groups received periodic injections of TP as adults before and during mating tests. Prenatal androgenic stimulation prevented development of an external vagina and induced development of a penis in all cases. Treatment starting at birth resulted in clitoral hypertrophy but the vagina was patent. Females untreated during development and ovariectomized as adults showed relatively little masculine behavior when injected with TP in adulthood. Females untreated before birth but given testosterone implants during the neonatal period were not appreciably “masculinized.” In contrast, females treated in utero but receiving no treatment in infancy displayed significantly more masculine sexual activity than either of the two preceding groups. The most frequent and complete masculine behavior shown by any of the females was exhibited by those which had been exposed to androgen both before and immediately after birth. Most of the males castrated in adulthood and injected with TP 15–19 months later displayed the full complement of coital responses characteristic of the normal male. Males castrated at birth and given TP as adults showed much more masculine sexual behavior than any group of females, but on most measures were noticeably inferior to male subjects castrated after attainment of sexual maturity.
Follicular Permeability and Yolk Formation

Abstract EXPERIMENTS with isotopic tracers have shown that yolk materials are largely synthesized in the liver and transferred to the developing ovarian follicle via the circulation (Hahn and Hevesy, 1937; Chargaff, 1942). Transfer of these materials to the rapidly developing follicle appears to be somewhat selective in that a sequence of quantitative predominance is apparent in the deposition of fats, proteins, water and phospholipids (Marza and Marza, 1935; Chargaff, 1942). However, this transfer is not rigorously regulated, and a wide variety of foreign materials (proteins, etc.), as added to the circulation, are rapidly deposited in the developing follicle (Knight and Schechtman, 1954). The growth of the avian ovarian follicle has been examined repeatedly (Stieve, 1918; Warren and Conrad, 1939; Romanoff, 1943). Generally, these studies indicate that the net transfer rate of yolk material to the follicle is not linear: the daily weight increment increases as rapid development proceeds; however, the growth …
An accurate determination of the HO2 heat of formation

Abstract The heat of formation of HO2 has been determined using highly accurate ab initio calculations. Our computed value is 3.5 ± 0.5 kcal/mol at 0 K (or 2.8±0.5 kcal/mol at 298 K). The accuracy of the current result is estimated on the basis of calibration calculations on H2, OH, H2O, O2, and H2O2, which are also discussed in this work.
Incorporating path integration capabilities in the TAM-WG model of rodent navigation

Abstract Based on the distinction between map-based and taxon systems for navigation [J. O'Keefe, L. Nadel, 1978], we have proposed two complementary models: the World Graph (WG) model and the Taxon-Affordances Model (TAM) [A. Guazzelli, F.J. Corbacho, M. Bota, M.A. Arbib, Affordances, motivation, and the world graph theory, Adaptive Behavior 6 (3/4) (1998) 435–471]. In its previous version, the integrated TAM-WG model did not take into account the necessity for the animal to update position changes by reference to an environmental anchor. Such a path-integrator capability was incorporated in TAM-WG by means of dynamic remapping [P.F. Dominey, M.A. Arbib, A cortico-subcortical model for generation of spatially accurate sequential saccades, Cerebral Cortex 2 (1992) 135–175]. The posterior parietal cortex is assumed to compute the dynamic remapping activity, which is sent to the hippocampus, where it modulates place cell activity. The new TAM-WG model is then able to replicate the place field dynamics observed by Gothard et al. (J. Neurosci. 16 (24) (1996) 8027–8040). while recording from rodent hippocampal place cells.
Retinoic acid biosynthetic activity and retinoid receptors in the olfactory mucosa of adult mice.

Retinoids play important roles in the ontogenic development of the olfactory system in mammals, but their function in adult olfactory mucosa has not been explored. In the present study, the olfactory mucosal expression of nuclear retinoid receptors was examined in adult mice. Several retinoic acid receptor isotypes were identified in olfactory mucosa from adult C57BL/6 mice by RNA-PCR and DNA sequence analysis, including RARbeta, RXRalpha, RXRbeta, and RXRgamma. In addition, a previously unidentified mouse RXRbeta isoform containing a 12-nucleotide insertion in exon 7 was detected. Furthermore, in vitro metabolic studies demonstrated that olfactory mucosal cytosolic and microsomal preparations are active in the biosynthesis of retinoic acids from all-trans- and 9-cis-retinal. These results indicate that components of the retinoid signal transduction system are expressed in adult olfactory mucosa and may play important roles in gene regulation in this unique tissue where olfactory neuronal cells are continuously replaced.
Electro-magneto-optical effects in the presence of a strong electric field applied to excited potassium vapor

Abstract A centro-symmetric isotropic system subject to a strong static electric field E and a time-dependent electromagnetic field of small amplitude is considered. The constitutive equations of this system have the form d = Φe + Ψb and h = Ωe Λb. The coefficients of the matrices are determined for the transition between the excited states 42 P 1 2 and 42P 3 2 of K vapor. For E = 42kV/cm the transition probability for electric- and magnetic-dipole transition is the same. It is shown that the relation Ψ + Ω = 0 holds for all dilute systems of atoms as a consequence of time-reversal symmetry. Furthermore it is shown that even for ω = 0, Ψ and Ω are different from zero. It is suggested that the strong influence of E on transition probabilities makes it possible to change the threshold conditions of lasers operating with magnetic-dipole transitions.
Some discussion of static gripping and its stability

An overview is presented of research done in the area of dextrous manipulation. The main issue has been how to control mechanical hands so that they can perform manipulation task with the same dexterity and sensitivity as the human hands. To achieve sophisticated algorithms for grasping, compliance control, and manipulation, the nature of the contact wrenches, twists, and compliance of the fingers have to be well understood. Here emphasis is on the area of dextrous manipulation encompassed by static grasping. The two main approaches to the problems of grasping reviewed are those motivated by a study of human hands and those motivated by the physical and mechanical properties of grasps such as contact types, number of fingers required to achieve grasp, equilibrium, stability and compliance. >
Design of the laser-driven RF electron gun for the BNL accelerator test facility

The BNL electron gun will incorporate a laser-driven photocathode in the wall of a 1/sup 1///sub 2/ cell RF cavity operated at a peak field of 100 MV/m. Pulses of 4.5-MeV energy, 5-ps width, and 1-nC charge will be produced with very little emittance growth due to the effects of space-charge and nonlinear RF fields. The design of the gun was aided by extensive computer simulation. >
Polysaccharide production by a reduced pigmentation mutant of Aureobasidium pullulans NYS-1.

Aims: To isolate a reduced pigmentation mutant of Aureobasidium pullulans NYS-1 and characterize its cellular pigmentation plus its polysaccharide and biomass production relative to carbon source. Methods and Results: Cellular pigmentation, polysaccharide levels and biomass production by the isolated mutant NYSRP-1 were analysed relative to carbon source. Cellular pigmentation of the mutant was lower than its parent strain using either carbon source. The mutant elaborated higher polysaccharide levels on sucrose than on corn syrup. The pullulan content of the polysaccharide synthesized and biomass production by the mutant rose as the carbon source concentration was increased. Conclusions: It is feasible to isolate a reduced pigmentation mutant from strain NYS-1 that exhibits elevated polysaccharide production using corn syrup as a carbon source. Significance and Impact of the Study: The mutant provides an advantage for commercial pullulan production because of its reduced pigmentation and enhanced polysaccharide synthesis.
2009--2010 ISMS-MSI Practice Prize Competition---Special Section Introduction

I introduce the work of the finalists in the 2009--2010 ISMS-MSI Practice Prize Competition, representing once again the best combinations of rigor and relevance produced by marketing scientists. The winning paper is by a team from several German universities and represents a collaboration with Bayer AG on an important problem---allocating the marketing budget dynamically across countries, products, and the marketing mix. The other three finalists described projects involving a branding project for an Australian airline, Jetstar, based on a dynamic choice model; a new tool for differentiating Prudential's variable annuities from the competition; and a marketing communications model for a small, family-run European office furniture supplier, Inofec.
NEGATIVE MARGINAL COST AND DISPOSAL: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE THEORY OF THE FIRM*

Consequences of a falling total variable cost curve due to negative input prices or inferiority are examined. Introducing positive disposal costs leads to the uncommon result that output may increase when disposal of output ceases to be free and sales may fall short of the actual output produced. Copyright 1991 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd/University of Adelaide and Flinders University of South Australia
Creative names for personal files in an interactive computing environment

Abstract The names with which people refer to their personal computer files in an interactive computing environment were analyzed as a case study of purposeful creative naming behavior. Staff members at a research laboratory were asked to annotate a listing of their filenames by appending descriptive exegeses. Overwhelmingly, the very form of the filenames organized them into structured paradigms, coextending with clusterings of the files by conceptual and functional content (as revealed by examination of the rendered descriptive exegeses). The pervasive existance of such paradigmatic structure in spontaneously created names has implications both for traditional and current philosophical analyses of names (where non-paradigmatic names, such as Aristotle have been taken to be typical) and, more specifically, for the potential utility and design of filenaming facilities in computing systems. Part of speech and abbreviation strategies were also analyzed and compared with prior laboratory research. They were shown to correlate with filetype classification, indicating this as a further relevant parameter for the design of filename facilities.
The geology of South Shropshire

The geology of South Shropshire is briefly reviewed from the Precambrian to the Pleistocene, with particular reference to papers published since 1952, the time of Whittard's last review for the Geologists' Association. Since then especial emphasis has been placed on the Precambrian, with an accepted agreement on the structure and relative dating of the Longmyndian and Uriconian rocks, the Ordovician, with much new information on the Shelve Inlier and its faunas and the type Caradoc area; and the Silurian, in particular the Wenlock and Ludlow areas since they have now been formally accepted as international stratotypes for their respective periods. The Old Red Sandstone has also been completely revised, with its lowest beds, the Downtonian, now assigned to the Pridoli Series of the Silurian. Later Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Pleistocene rocks have undergone less revision, but the structure of the area has been remapped and can now be better placed in its regional context.
Human hyperthermic therapy: relation between tumor type and capacity to induce hyperthermia by radiofrequency.

Abstract There is mounting evidence that hyperthermia of 42 °C or greater is tumoricidal to cell cultures and to animal and human tumors. However, temperatures of 45 °C or greater may have greater potential therapeutic benefit. The ability to selectively achieve such high intratratumor temperatures without injury to normal tissue may be due to the relatively poor blood flow in tumors compared with that in normal tissues. While vascularity and blood flow are known to vary significantly among tumors, we found that of 52 tumors evaluated, temperatures of 42 °C or greater in 42 tumors (81 per cent) and of 45 °C or greater in 23 tumors (44 per cent) appeared to be independent of the histologic type of tumor. Therefore, therapeutic hyperthermia may be possible for most varieties of human solid cancer.
Partial trisomy 11,46,XX,-3,-20,+der3,+der20,t(3:11:20), resulting from a complex maternal rearrangement of chromosomes 3, 11, 20

Clinical findings of partial trisomy 11p are described in a patient bearing t(3;11;20) (p13;p11;q13). The translocation was present in balanced form in her mother (46,XX)t(3;11;20)(p13;p11;q13).
Partial quantification of the associative synaptic learning rule of the dentate gyrus

Abstract The bilateral, monosynaptic projection from the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus provides a suitable system for studying long-term changes of synaptic strength. In particular, the synaptic response of the sparse contralateral projection can be increased or decreased depencling on the exact conditioning protocol. Since changes in either direction require high-frequency stimulation of the potent, converging ipsilateral system, these synaptic alterations are called associative potentiation/depression. In part, associative potentiation/depression is Anatogous to what others call long-term potentiation. Synaptic phenomena like associative potentiation/depression are central to several theories of associative brain function and neuronal models of cognition. In elaborating such theories, the conditions which alter synaptic physiology as well as the size and direction of the changes are expressed as an algebraic equation. This paper is the initial report attempting to quantify one part of one such ‘synaptic learning equation’. This paper quantifies the term in the equation which expresses the role of presynaptic activity. Through this term the equation can express both synaptic potentiation and depression as a function of the afferent frequency of the particular synapse under consideration. In this term there exists a critical frequency or a balance point. When there is sufficient co-activity among converging excitatory afferents, then the synapse under consideration will either potentiate or depress. If the afferent's frequency is above the balance point, potentiation occurs; if the frequency is below the critical value, depression occurs. For a constant amount of postsynaptic excitation, the amount of change is a nonnegative function of the frequency around this balance point. Prior theoretical proposals postulate that this balance point resides near the average frequency of the afferents. In fact, the value obtained, 100 ± 50 Hz for short duration trains, is orders of magnitude greater than the time-averaged frequency previously observed for these afferents. Other considerations indicate that although a balance point exists it is more likely a variable rather than a constant.
Sleep cycle organization in narcoleptic and normal dogs.

Abstract The normal sleep-wake patterns of four narcoleptic and four normal dogs were recorded electrographically for 48 hours in a laboratory setting. The amount of the various stages of vigilance (wake, light slow wave sleep, deep slow wave sleep and REM sleep) were similar for both sets of dogs except that narcoleptic dogs has significantly less REM sleep and had an additional state scored as cataplexy. Mean episode durations and the number of episodes per 48 hr were not significantly different except that narcoleptic dogs had fewer REM episodes and a trend toward more waking episodes. There was a significant difference in the state progression between normal and narcoleptic dogs before and after REM episodes. Narcoleptic dogs had an increase in LSWS and a decrease in DSWS during the last 5 min before REM sleep onset in comparison to the reverse pattern in controls. In the stages following REM there was a marked elevation of wakefulness in narcoleptic dogs. These data support the notion that narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by a disruption of the normal sleep-wake cycle. These results parallel similar findings in humans and provide strong evidence that this disease entity is similar in man and dog.
Las funciones de la promesa en El Abencerraje

This paper explores the promise as one of the most recurrent and significant actions in El Abencerraje . Every character, in a given time, is either bound by a promise or expecting the fulfillment of another’s promise. The promise is used in the text as a valuable piece of social capital: every interpersonal relationship in the text is developed and sealed exclusively through promises. Aside from performing several important technical functions (creating suspense, building and propelling the plot, constructing the characters’ moral constitution), the promise in El Abencerraje constitutes the most important empirical test of virtue, as well as the mechanism by which the two cultures, represented by Rodrigo and Abindarraez, find and exercise mutual respect, trust, and conciliation.
An Intra-Molecular Disulfide Cross-Link Stabilizes an Inward-Oriented Transport Intermediate Conformation of the Tonb-Dependent Transporters

The Gram negative bacteria TonB-dependent transporter (TBDT) BtuB translocates vitamin B12 (cobalamin or Cbl) across the outer membrane. The amino-terminal lumenal domain fits within the 22-stranded s-barrel and contains several determinants for Cbl binding. Current models suggest that the TBDT carries out active transport driven by energy from the proton motive force (pmf), which is transmitted via direct interactions between the inner membrane protein TonB and the BtuB amino-terminal Ton Box motif. The lumenal domain must undergo large conformational changes to accommodate passage of the substrate through the barrel, but the molecular features of the mechanism are unknown. We show that disulfide bonds can be induced to form in whole cells between three pairs of cysteines introduced at barrel-lumenal domain contact points, consistent with the x-ray crystallographic structures. However, we also find spontaneously formed, stoichiometric cross-links between cysteines in the Ton Box motif and in place of Ser120 that indicate a conformation different from the x-ray structures. The TBDT family members FecA and FhuA with cysteines in equivalent positions also form stoichiometric disulfide bonds. Cbl uptake through BtuB is blocked by the Ton Box Cys-S120C cross-link and activity is recovered upon reduction. Significantly, Cbl binds to the cross-linked BtuB in isolated outer membrane fragments but not to whole cells, indicating that the Cbl binding site of the cross-linked form is oriented towards the periplasmic side. In contrast, the transporter is oriented outwards in all other conditions, included in the absence of a pmf. These results suggest an alternating access transport mechanism.
Interpersonal characteristics of male criminal offenders: Personality, psychopathological, and behavioral correlates.

Interest in conceptualizing the interpersonal style of individuals who engage in serious antisocial behavior has increased in recent years. This study examines the personality, psychopathological, and behavioral correlates of interpersonal dominance and warmth, as operationalized via scales of the Personality Assessment Inventory (L. Morey, 2007), across several samples of male prison inmates (combined N = 1,062). Consistent with theory, multivariate analyses indicated that low warmth and, to a lesser extent, high dominance were associated with antisocial and paranoid traits, specifically, and externalizing-spectrum psychopathology more generally, whereas borderline traits and internalizing-spectrum psychopathology were uniquely associated with low interpersonal warmth. Among smaller subsamples of inmates followed prospectively, high dominance and, to a lesser extent, low warmth predicted general and aggressive institutional misconduct, whereas dominance uniquely predicted staff ratings of treatment noncompliance/failure. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).
Psychological functioning of international missionaries: introduction to the special issue

In our constantly shrinking world, it has become increasingly important to understand and negotiate the intricacies of cross-cultural contact. Each year, large numbers of individuals migrate across...
Nuclear changes in allium cepa in response to infection by fusarium moniliforme

Fusarium moniliforme was isolated [into culture] from white onion and inoculated into holes bored in onion bulbs. After 48 hrs, the nuclear dry mass of onion cells 0–5 mm ahead of the mycelium had decreased by 19% as determined by quantitative interference microscopy as compared to nuclear dry mass decreases of 11 % caused by avirulent Aspergillus niger, 26 % by an unidentified onion pathogen, 41 % by virulent Botrytis allii, and 42 % by virulent Aspergillus niger. In the present study, the nucleolar dry mass declined by 34 % in response to F. moniliforme under the same conditions. Degradation or exit of nuclear and nucleolar macromolecules in response to fungal products secreted in advance of mycelium may be responsible for lower nuclear and nucleolar dry mass.
Examining explosive residues on surfaces with terahertz technology

It is well-known that many explosives have characteristic terahertz (THz) absorption features, and that THz waves can penetrate many dielectric materials. However security applications generally prohibit using THz technology for transmission measurements, either because of standoff distances, thick targets, or opaque targets (metals). As a result, we focus our attention on THz reflection spectroscopy. We have measured the THz reflectivity signature of RDX residues on smooth metal surfaces that contain about 0.4 mg of RDX. We discuss our efforts in detecting trace explosives in reflection as well as our recent results including THz spectroscopy of four explosives from 1 to 6 THz, and measurement of the absolute absorption cross-section of explosives.
Some results on hypertranscendental meromorphic functions

This paper deals with conditions under which a meromorphic function cannot satisfy any algebraic differential equation having coefficients in a given field of meromorphic functions. The conditions given involve the growth of the function, a representation for the function, or the sequence of zeros and poles of the function.
Theory of distributed systems.

Physical networks with lumped components and hydraulic, pneumatic, electric, thermal and elastic lines of transfer matrices
Interaction of captan and folpet with mammalian DNA and histones

Abstract The reactions of captan, folpet, and thiophosgene with calf thymus histones and total rat liver histones were investigated. The binding of radioactivity from [ 35 S]captan or [ 14 C]folpet and changes in polyacrylamide gel patterns of captan-treated calf thymus histones were pH dependent. At pH 7.5, gel patterns of captan-treated histones were not different from those of non-treated histones; whereas, at pH 9.0 the Amido Schwartz-staining bands of captan- and thiophosgene-treated histones in polyacrylamide gels were characterized by band diffusion, loss of staining definition, band migration, and aggregate formation. Nearly equal amounts of radio-activity from [ 14 C]folpet and [ 35 S]captan were bound to lysine-rich histones at pH 9.0, while at pH 7.5 there was little binding of radioactivity to the proteins. Approximately equal amounts of radioactivity were removed from histones in the presence of the low-molecular-weight thiol, dithiothreitol. Reconstitution experiments using captan-treated lysine-rich histones and non-treated calf thymus DNA yielded less stable complexes, as well as smaller nucleohistone-nucleohistone complexes. These data suggest that the intact molecule binds to deprotonated sites on the lysine-rich histones. This binding causes changes in the configuration of the protein molecule which alters the ability of nuclear histones to stabilize DNA structure.
Role of Copper in the Performance of CdS/CdTe Solar Cells

The performance of CdS/CdTe solar cells made with evaporated Cu as a primary back contact was studied through current-voltage (JV) at different intensities, quantum efficiency (QE) under light and voltage bias, capacitance-voltage (CV), and drive-level capacitance profiling (DLCP) measurements. The results show that while modest amounts of Cu enhance cell performance, excessive amounts degrade device quality and reduce performance. The analysis is supported with numerical simulations to reproduce and explain some of the experimental results.
Securities Auctions under Moral Hazard: An Experimental Study

Author(s): Morgan, John; Kogan, Shimon | Abstract: In many settings, including venture capital financing, mergers and acquisitions, and lease competition, the structure of the contracts (debt versus equity) over which firms compete differs. Furthermore, the structure of the contract affects the future incentives of the firm to engage in value-creating activities by potentially diluting effort or investment incentives. We study, both theoretically and in the lab, the performance of open outcry debt and equity auctions in the presence of both private information and hidden effort. We show that the revenues to sellers in debt and equity auctions differ systematically depending on the returns to entrepreneurial effort. We then test these revenue rankings and other predictions of the theory using controlled laboratory experiments where we vary the returns to effort. While the bidding behavior, particularly in equity auctions, differs from the dominant strategy prediction of the theory, the predicted revenue rankings are borne out in the lab.
Percutaneous injury analysis: consistent categorization, effective reduction methods, and future strategies.

OBJECTIVE To report the results of an 8-year analysis of percutaneous injuries (PI), to describe interventions to decrease these injuries, and to discuss future prevention strategies. DESIGN Using consistent methods, 881 percutaneous injury reports were reviewed, categorized, and analyzed from 1986 through 1993. SETTING A 620-bed acute-care county teaching hospital located in San Jose, California, that is affiliated with Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, California. PARTICIPANTS Employees of Santa Clara Valley Medical Center who reported percutaneous injuries from 1986 through 1993. INTERVENTIONS Placement of needle disposal containers in all patient care areas, 1987; education, 1987 to present; communication of percutaneous injury analyses to all departments, 1988 to present; and safety product evaluation and purchases, 1991 to present. RESULTS The total number of PI decreased by 65% (P = .0007) from 1986 through 1993. Recapping injuries decreased from 1986 through 1993 by 88% (P < .0002); interventions that included convenient placement of needle disposal containers and consistent annual education may have contributed to this decrease. Injuries from manipulating intravenous lines or heparin locks decreased in 1992 (P < .03) after purchase of a needleless system for intravenous lines. Injuries from improper disposal or from abrupt patient movement did not decrease significantly over the 8-year period. CONCLUSIONS This institution has conducted percutaneous injury analysis for 8 years, utilizing consistent reviewers and categorization methods. Successful interventions have reduced recapping injuries, injuries from manipulating intravenous lines/heparin locks, and the overall numbers of PI. The categories of "Improper Disposal" and "Patient Moved Abruptly" present challenges for future reductions, as well as the recently identified problem of staff not using available safety devices or using them improperly.
EDF: A framework for Semantic Annotation of Video

Semantic annotation of multimedia data is needed for various tasks like content based indexing of databases and also for making inferences about the activities taking place in the environment. In this paper, we present a top level ontology which provides a framework for describing the semantic features in video. We do this in three steps - First, we identify the key components of semantic descriptions like objects and events and how domain specific ontologies can be developed from them. Second, we present a set of predicates for composing events and for describing various spatio-temporal relationships between events/entities. Third, we develop a scheme for reasoning with the developed ontologies to infer complex events from simple events using relational algebra. Finally, we have demonstrated the utility of our framework by developing an ontology for a specific domain. We conclude by analyzing the performance of the reasoning mechanism with simulated events in this domain.
Estimation of induction motor parameters by a genetic algorithm

Textbook equations are available to calculate the torque that AC motors can provide. Quite often, the procedures outlined in textbooks for the determination of motor parameters only apply to small AC motors that can be tested in a lab. This paper covers the application of genetic algorithms to use motor nameplate data along with rated values such as voltages, currents and torque data to determine unknown operating motor parameters for an AC induction motor. These parameters can be used with textbook equations to offer solutions to load requirements and capabilities.
Spotting Inheritance in DROSOPHILA BUSCKII Coq.

Page 60, line 7 of table of contents, for "Selection in line 500….64" read "Selection line 500…. 66". Page 60, line 8 of table of contents, for "67" read "69". Page 60, line 9 of table of contents, for "68" read "70". Page 60, line 10 of table of contents, for "70" read "72". Page 60, line
Activation of the Adenovirus Major Late Promoter by Transcription Factors MAZ and Sp1

Multiple binding sites for the transcription factors MAZ and Sp1 within the adenovirus type 5 major late promoter have been identified by DNase I protection studies. In the proximal region of the promoter, both MAZ and Sp1 interact with GC-rich sequences flanking the TATA box. Two MAZ binding sites are centered at -18 and -36 relative to the transcriptional initiation site. Sp1 bound only to the -18 GC-rich sequence. Several sites of interaction were also evident in the distal region of the promoter. Both MAZ and Sp1 interacted with a sequence centered at -166, and MAZ bound weakly to an additional site centered at -130. Overexpression of MAZ or Sp1 activated expression from the major late promoter in transient expression assays. Mutational analysis of the GC-rich sequences in the major late promoter suggested that a primary target of MAZ activation is the GC-rich sequences flanking the TATA sequence, whereas Sp1 requires the distal GC-rich sequence elements to stimulate gene expression. This activation is enhanced by the adenovirus E1A protein, and evidence for interaction between E1A and both transcription factors was obtained by using an immunoprecipitation assay. Activation by MAZ and Sp1 also was observed in transfection studies using the complete adenovirus type 5 genome as the target. Increased levels of late mRNA from both the L1 and L5 regions were observed when MAZ or Sp1 expression plasmids were transfected with viral DNA. Unexpectedly, activation of the major late promoter by MAZ and Sp1 was detected irrespective of whether the viral DNA could replicate.
A Stackelberg Oligopoly with Nonidentical Firms

This paper extends the Stackelberg model to include any number of nonidentical firms and demonstrates significant counterintuitive results. For example, entry of an additional firm may increase the quantities and/or profits of some existing firms; it may also increase the total industry profit.
On Faculty Reward Systems

The faculty reward systems are extremely important in the education of future engineers. In a typical faculty reward system for many research universities, teaching is not considered as important as research activities. In this paper, the current faculty reward systems are critically reviewed with suggestions made for further improvements. Although there are encouraging signs, it is our belief that we must be able to measure the quality (instead of quantity) of teaching, research, and service so that a faculty member can be rewarded accordingly.
Seasonal changes in plasma and urinary sodium, potassium and calcium in the frog, Rana pipiens

Abstract 1. 1. Plasma sodium in male frogs is highest in July August and minimal in April and October. Urinary sodium peaks in May. 2. 2. Plasma potassium is relatively constant throughout the year, hut urinary potassium peaks in May and is minimal in December. 3. 3. Hematocrit is maximal in December-January and minimal in July. 4. 4. Plasma and urinary calcium exhibit concomitant change throughout the year and are maximal in winter.
The use of higher level linguistic knowledge for spelling-to-pronunciation generation

We have previously designed a hierarchical lexical representation for reversible spelling/phonemics generation. In this paper, we demonstrate the advantages of using higher level linguistic knowledge in a hierarchical framework to provide constraints for spelling-to-pronunciation generation. We expect our current findings to be applicable to pronunciation-to-spelling generation also, since our approach casts the two tasks as directly symmetric problems. Comparison with an alternative, single-layer approach illustrates how the hierarchical framework provides a parsimonious description for English orthographic-phonological regularities, while simultaneously attaining competitive generation accuracy. The hierarchical approach achieves a top-choice word accuracy of 67.5% for spelling-to-sound generation (computed over the entire test set, including nonparsable words), and is capable of reversible generation using about 32,000 parameters. In comparison, the single-layer approach requires over 40 times the number of parameters (about 693,300) to achieve a word accuracy of 69.1%, and is incapable of reversible generation. >
Coping with Java threads

A thread is a basic unit of program execution that can share a single address space with other threads - that is, they can read and write the same variables and data structures. Originally, only assembly programmers used threads. A few older programming languages such as PL/I supported thread concurrency, but newer languages such as C and C++ use libraries instead. Only recently have programming languages again begun to build in direct support for threads. Java and Ada are examples of industry-strength languages for multithreading. The Java thread model has its roots in traditional concurrent programming. As the "real-time specification for Java" sidebar describes, RTSJ attempts to remove some of the limitations relative to real-time applications - primarily by circumventing garbage collection. But RTSJ does not make the language safer. It retains standard Java's threading pitfalls and is a risky candidate for critical concurrent applications.