cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of naringin and prunin in detached grapefruit

Abstract [ 14 C]Acetate and [ 14 C]phenylalanine were fed to detached immature grapefruit ( Citrus paradisi Macfad.) fruits and two radiolabelled flavanone glycosides were detected. TLC analysis and enzymatic hydrolysis studies indicated that the two labelled flavonoids were naringin (naringenin 7- O -β-neohesperidoside) and prunin (naringenin 7- O -β-glucoside). Prunin, which has not been previously shown to be present in grapefruit, was then detected in immature peel. This indicates that immature grapefruits are capable of biosynthesizing flavonoids from simple precursors and suggests that multiple-glycosylation of flavanones may occur by the addition of discrete single sugar units.
Landscape Heterogeneity of Differently Aged Soil Organic Matter Constituents at the Forest-Alpine Tundra Ecotone, Niwot Ridge, Colorado, U.S.A.

Abstract One of the major remaining obstacles to understanding how ecosystems process carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) within soil organic matter (SOM) is landscape heterogeneity. While many studies have investigated landscape heterogeneity in total SOM C and N, less information exists on landscape patterns for differently aged constituents within SOM. These differently aged constituents can show distinct landscape-level patterns and levels of heterogeneity that contribute to our understanding of the production and decomposition processes that create SOM. Using field measurements from an alpine-subalpine ecosystem and geostatistical analyses, I show here that C and N in the older more recalcitrant SOM of mineral soil have more defined spatial patterns and are less heterogeneous than C and N in the newer more labile SOM of mineral soil at the forest-alpine tundra ecotone (SOM C: CV = 45% in older, 59% in newer; partial sill [sill minus nugget, i.e., percent of variation explained by spatial autocorrelation] ...
Moroccan Muslim Women and Identity Negotiation in Diasporic Spaces

The complexity of today’s heterogeneous world demands more than the dominant binary of Islam versus West established via the identity framework of critical communication and cultural studies, particularly when discussing diasporic spaces. Drawing on qualitative interviews with twenty Muslim Moroccan women, conducted in the United States and Morocco and informed by interdisciplinary research on space, this paper argues that attaining the diasporic space should be understood both in terms of physical migration and in terms of discursive migration that includes non-territorial movement. The paper starts by addressing the debate on diasporic spaces, the local or global spaces that can still be considered diasporic in an era of mediated communications. Second, the paper illustrates how the respondents negotiate diasporic identities in relation to both physical migration and discursive immigration. Finally, it considers how these young women are exploring possibilities for their gender identities by drawing on alternative diasporic identifications.
Compendium of normal blood values of laboratory animals with indication of variations. I. Random-sexed populations of small animals.

Abstract Blood has been collected from five species of laboratory animals and analyzed by ultramicro, micro, and automated techniques; the data have been analyzed statistically. Data obtained with the ultramicroanalytical system indicate that difficulties have been substantially overcome in handling minute quantities of biological fluids obtained from small laboratory animals. The degree of correlation between electronic blood cell counts and the actual visualization of the cells in the counting chamber of the hemacytometer has been accepted as a demonstration that the electronic counts reflect the level of cellular components in the sample.
Designing and processing signals for array processing for random channels

The author studies array processing of signals through channels that have a mean value and a random part. The transmitted signal shapes that maximize the ratio of the power in the expected channel output signal to the sum of the multiplicative and added noise are determined. This permits the application of noise cancellation techniques in processing the channel output to obtain an optimum array processing receiver. >
Static measurements of light-scattering by biological cells

The morphological parameter of cell size has been extracted from static light-scatter patterns of single biological cells illuminated with a He-Ne laser. This was done using fabricated biological cell models. Once calibrated, size measurements can be performed on either biological cells or objects by Fourier transforming their light-scatter data.
Aetiology of antimicrobial-agent-associated colitis.

Abstract Clostridium difficile was isolated from the faeces of a patient with clindamycin-associated pseudomembranous colitis (P.M.C.). The presence of a preformed faecal toxin and the toxigenicity of both the faecal isolate of C. difficile and a reference strain of C. difficile were demonstrated by tissue-culture assay. The toxin of both strains of C. difficile and that in the patient's faeces were neutralised by heating and by incubation with antitoxin to C. sordellii, but not by incubation with antitoxin to C. histolyticum, C. œdematiens (novyi), C. welchii (C. perfringens) or C. septicum. These data implicate the toxin of C. difficile as a major, and perhaps the sole, cause of antimicrobial-agent-associated P.M.C. of man and suggest that the neutralisation of the faecal toxin of P.M.C. by C. sordellii antitoxin, as described by other investigators, may be a non-specific phenomenon.
PYRENE SOLUBILIZATION CAPACITY IN OCTAETHYLENE GLYCOL MONODODECYL ETHER (C12E8) MICELLES

We used fluorescence quenching, vibronic band ratios and excimer fluorescence techniques to quantify the statistics of pyrene solubilization in nonionic octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E8) micelles. Using a two-phase model (aqueous and micellar pseudophases) to interpret fluorescence results, we found that all three of these experimental methods provide consistent information about pyrene partitioning between aqueous and micellar pseudophases. From dynamic quenching experiments we determined the pyrene partition coefficient and the average number of pyrene molecules solubilized per micelle over a range of surfactant concentrations. The pyrene partition coefficient increases with increasing surfactant concentration. We confirmed the partitioning results by excimer fluorescence measurements. Quenching results indicate that pyrene is accessible to Cu2+ quenchers even in the limit of high surfactant concentration where solubilized pyrene is in the infinite dilution limit in the micellar pseudophase. This suggests that solubilized pyrene resides in the micellar palisade layer. We determined the maximum number of pyrene solubilizates allowed per micelle (micellar solubilization capacity) by applying a three-phase model to fluorescence experiments conducted in the presence of solid phase pyrene. The estimated maximum capacity is ∼6 pyrene molecules per micelle. The three phase partitioning model successfully predicted the excimer fluorescence in the presence of solid pyrene.
Seed-caching responses to substrate and rock cover by two Peromyscus species: implications for pinyon pine establishment.

We examined whether pinyon mice (Peromyscus truei) and brush mice (P. boylii) could act as directed dispersal agents of pinyon pine (Pinus edulis) through differential responses to soil particle size and rock cover. In field experiments, we allowed mice to either cache pinyon seeds or recover artificially cached seeds (pilfer) from quadrats containing large- or small-particle soils. Both species placed most (70%) seed caches in small-particle soil. Pilfering was the same from both particle sizes in the first year, while more seeds were pilfered from large-particle soils in the second year. In separate experiments, rock cover interacted with soil particle size, with both species placing over 50% of their caches in small-particle soil with rock cover. Overall, we found greater seed-caching in small-particle soils near rocks, with equal or lower pilfering from small-particle soils, suggesting more seeds would survive in small-particle soils near rock cover. Three lines of evidence supported the hypothesis that mice could act as directed dispersers by moving pinyon seeds to beneficial microsites for germination and establishment. First, in greenhouse experiments, pinyon seed germination was 4 times greater in small-particle soil cores than in large-particle soil cores. Second, soils near rocks had significantly higher water content than areas of open soil at the driest time of the year, a critical factor for seedling survival in the arid southwestern USA. Third, 75% of juvenile pinyon trees were growing in small-particle soils, and 45% were growing near rock nurses.
Recent advance in fiber SERS sensors

Fiber SERS (surface enhanced Raman scattering) sensors have attracted significant interest in molecule sensing. In this paper, we briefly review our previous work on various configurations for fiber SERS probes, including side-polished fibers and various photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). In addition, we will report our recent experiments on a double substrate "sandwich" structure for fiber SERS probe. The approach is to coat one SERS substrate on the tip of a multimode fiber and mix the second substrate in solution with the target analyte molecules. Upon dipping the coated fiber probe into the solution, randomly formed structures of the two substrates will sandwich the analyte molecules in between. Our results show that the "sandwich" configuration exhibits significantly higher sensitivity than direct SERS detection.
An Empirical Investigation into the Effect of Psychological Perceptions on the Willingness-to-Pay to Reduce Risk

A large sample of the residents of metropolitan Chicago were interviewed to investigate whether psychometric attributes by which people view hazards are related to their willingness-to-pay to reduce the hazard. One of the hazards, stomach cancer, is found to engender fear and a high willingness-to-pay. Among the other hazards, willingness-to-pay increases with the dread of the hazard but declines with degree of knowledge people have about the risk they are exposed to. When adjustment is made for perceived probability of occurrence, one can conclude that the implied valuation of life varies across hazards according to psychometric risk perceptions. This result has practical implication for policy makers when making decisions regarding spending to reduce hazards.
Sexual Victimization, Fear of Sexual Powerlessness, and Cognitive Emotion Dysregulation as Barriers to Sexual Assertiveness in College Women

The current study examined sexual victimization and two barriers to young women’s sexual assertiveness: fear of sexual powerlessness and cognitive emotion dysregulation. College women (N = 499) responded to surveys and indicated that fear of sexual powerlessness and, to a lesser extent, cognitive emotion dysregulation were barriers to sexual assertiveness. Compared with nonvictims, sexually victimized women had greater problems with sexual assertiveness, fear of sexual powerlessness, and cognitive emotion dysregulation. Among victims, fear of sexual powerlessness and emotion dysregulation interacted to impede sexual assertiveness. Findings support targeting identified barriers in interventions to improve sexual assertiveness and reduce risk for unwanted sexual experiences and sexual victimization.
On continued fraction expansions for binomial quadratic surds. III

Abstract : The relations between approximants of the regular continued fraction expansion for square root of C + L and the approximations given by an extension of Newton's formula are given. The general relationship is given between the approximants of a regular periodic continued fraction expansion for square root of C + L and the approximations given by the extended Newton's formula. These formulas are modified to the case of symmetric periodic continued fraction expansions. Rules are given that relate the approximants of mixed periodic continued fraction expansions for square root of C + L to approximations given by the extended Newton's formula. (Author)
Spectral Lanczos decomposition method for time domain and frequency domain finite-element solution of Maxwell's equations

A technique that combines the spectral Lanczos decomposition method and the finite-element method is introduced that can be used to solve Maxwell's equations in both the frequency and time domains. The present technique is an implicit, unconditionally stable finite-element time and frequency domain scheme. The Lanczos process is implemented only at the largest time or frequency of interest. The efficiency and effectiveness of this new technique are illustrated by using the numerical example of a three-dimensional dielectric-loaded cavity resonator.
MITOTIC ACTIVITY IN THE ANTERIOR HYPOPHYSIS OF FEMALE RATS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS AND AT DIFFERENT PERIODS OF THE DAY11

THE PRINCIPAL factor that induces mitotic activity in the hypophysis of II sexually mature female rats is directly or indirectly related to the estrous cycle since alarge number of mitoses are found only in the postovulatory phase of the cycle (Hunt, 1942). At this phase, however, there is a considerable individual variation indicating that other factors also influence the number of mitoses. The purpose of this paper is to consider some of these secondary factors. Among these, the age of the animal is perhaps the most important and there was some indication of this in the first series of glands examinedbut in order to obtain more complete data on mitotic activity in the hypophysis in different age groups an additional series of animals was studied. The occurrence of a diurnal rhythm of mitotic activity in organs such as the kidney, submaxillary gland and epidermis has been stressed by others (Blumenfeld, 1938, 1942; Carleton, 1934).
Backcalculation Procedure for Bonded Concrete Overlays of Asphalt Pavement

Bonded concrete overlays of asphalt (BCOA), previously known as ultrathin whitetopping, have become increasingly common in Illinois in the past 15 years. No methods exist for assessing in situ properties under loading for this type of overlay. A procedure to backcalculate layer properties from falling weight deflectometer tests does exist for concrete slabs on grade with infinite dimensions, but this method is not applicable to finite-sized BCOA slabs with multiple layers and interfaces. Based on two-dimensional finite element modeling of BCOA pavements, a backcalculation procedure was derived for a range of expected slab sizes, effective concrete pavement thicknesses, joint load transfer efficiencies, and foundation layer stiffnesses. The backcalculated effective concrete thickness quantifies the load-carrying capacity of the BCOA pavement, variation of the structural capacity as a function of distance along the roadway, and potentially the condition of the concrete-asphalt bond interface and the underly...
Episodic vertical oscillopsia with progressive gait ataxia: clinical description of a new episodic syndrome and evidence of linkage to chromosome 13q

We describe four families with late onset episodic vertical oscillopsia and progressive gait ataxia. Probands presented between the ages of 40 and 64 years with initial symptoms of episodic vertical oscillopsia and interictal downbeat nystagmus. A mild gait ataxia developed over several years. Triggers included physical exertion, alcohol and caffeine. Patients did not respond to acetazolamide. Genetic screening for episodic ataxia types 1 and 2, and spinocerebellar ataxias 1, 2, 3 and 6 were negative. Using ancestral identity by descent analysis and dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping throughout the genome, an interval of 28.6 cM (∼14.2 Mb) on chromosome 13q12.11–q13.3, composed of 1259 SNPs, was shared between affected individuals in two of the four families and highlighted a region of suggestive linkage (LOD >2.7).
The Creation of Political Solidarity in Social Movement Organizations

This article examines the debate within resource mobilization theory concerning the motivation of participants in social movement organizations. Conclusions based on a case study of a Chicago commu...
Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper cold focal plane characterization

The gain response of the detectors in the cold focal plane of Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) is known to fluctuate temporally. This is believed to be caused by an interference effect due to a film build-up on the cold focal plane dewar window. This paper analyses the effect using a thin-film interference model. This model relates detector gain to film thickness through indices of refraction of the materials involved. The dewar window material is zinc selenide (ZnSe) with a known index of refraction, thus the index of refraction of the film in TM band 5 and band 7 can be determined by fitting the model to the gain data from each detector. The film is found to be quite absorptive in band 7, but only slightly absorptive in band 5. Film thickness has been determined to be as much as 1400 nm from the data sample used. This model is also used to remove gain variation for gain characterization over instrument lifetime. An accurate model of this effect can improve the calibration of Landsat-4 and La...
Dissociable Neural Pathways Are Involved in the Recognition of Emotion in Static and Dynamic Facial Expressions

Facial expressions of emotion powerfully influence social behavior. The distributed network of brain regions thought to decode these social signals has been empirically defined using static, usually photographic, displays of such expressions. Facial emotional expressions are however highly dynamic signals that encode the emotion message in facial action patterns. This study sought to determine whether the encoding of facial expressions of emotion by static or dynamic displays is associated with different neural correlates for their decoding. We used positron emission tomography to compare patterns of brain activity in healthy men and women during the explicit judgment of emotion intensity in static and dynamic facial expressions of anger and happiness. Compared to judgments of spatial orientation for moving neutral facial expressions, the judgment of anger in dynamic expressions was associated with increased right-lateralized activity in the medial, superior, middle, and inferior frontal cortex and cerebellum, while judgments of happiness were associated with relative activation of the cuneus, temporal cortex, and the middle, medial, and superior frontal cortex. In contrast, the perception of anger or happiness in static facial expressions activated a motor, prefrontal, and parietal cortical network previously shown to be involved in motor imagery. The direct contrast of dynamic and static expressions indicated differential activation of visual area V5, superior temporal sulcus, periamygdaloid cortex, and cerebellum for dynamic angry expressions and differential activation of area V5, extrastriate cortex, brain stem, and middle temporal cortical activations for dynamic happy expressions. Thus, a distribution of neural activations is related to the analysis of emotion messages in the nearly constant biological motion of the face and differ for angry and happy expressions. Static displays of facial emotional expression may represent noncanonical stimuli that are processed for emotion content by mental strategies and neural events distinct from their more ecologically relevant dynamic counterparts.
Disposition, behavioural and physiological effects of escalating doses of intravenously administered fentanyl to young foals.

Summary Reasons for performing study Foal responses to a broader range of plasma fentanyl concentrations than currently reported are desirable to support (or not) clinical use. Objectives To describe fentanyl plasma concentrations following an escalating i.v. fentanyl dosing schedule in foals aged 5–13 days and describe selected, associated dose- and time-related behavioural and physiological responses to plasma fentanyl concentration. Study design Experimental. Methods Fentanyl was administered i.v. in an escalating fashion (2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 μg/kg bwt) at 10-min intervals. Blood samples were collected before and at selected times until 24 h post administration. Blood samples were analysed for fentanyl and metabolite concentrations and correlated with behavioural and physiological observations and selected blood analytes. Results Foals mostly appeared to be unaffected following 2 μg/kg bwt (1.09 ± 0.41 μg/l; average maximal plasma concentration) of fentanyl, but 6 of the 8 foals appeared to be sedated following 4 μg/kg bwt (3.07 ± 1.11 μg/l). Ataxia with increased locomotor activity, muscle rigidity and head pressing posture was observed in many foals at 8 (7.24 ± 3.22 μg/l) and 16 μg/kg bwt (17.4 ± 5.67 μg/l). All foals were heavily sedated after 32 μg/kg bwt (34.5 ± 10.3 μg/l); 3 of the 8 foals became recumbent. The average (± s.d.) terminal half-life following administration of the final dose was 44.2 ± 9.85 min. Conclusions Behavioural and physiological responses to i.v. fentanyl in young foals are dose related. As with mature horses, the window of fentanyl plasma concentrations related to possible clinically desirable actions appears relatively narrow.
Pulmonary valve calcification.

Abstract Two patients with radiographically demonstrable pulmonary valve calcification are reported on and the literature is reviewed.
Association of Plasma Vitamin D Levels with Adiposity in Hispanic and African Americans

Context: Previous studies have suggested vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased obesity; however, the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) and measures of adiposity has not been well characterized in minority populations. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between levels of 25[OH]D and 1,25[OH]2D and measures of adiposity in Hispanic and African-Americans at baseline and on change in these measures over time. Design and Setting: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis (IRAS) Family Study examined 917 Hispanics and 439 African-Americans at baseline and again 5.3 yr later (n = 1081 at follow-up). Main Outcome Measure: 25[OH]D (nanograms per milliliter) and 1,25[OH]2D (picograms per milliliter) were measured at baseline. Abdominal sc adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT; both determined by computed tomography scan), and body mass index (BMI) were measured at baseline and follow-up. Results: 25...
Apical Perfusion Fraction as a Predictor of Short-term Functional Outcome Following Bilateral Lung Volume Reduction Surgery

Study objectives To examine whether relative hypoperfusion to the apical one third of the lungs as determined by lung scintigraphy predicts a favorable functional outcome following bilateral lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 128 patients who underwent bilateral LVRS. An apical perfusion fraction (AP%), defined as the percentage of total lung perfusion to the apical one third of both lungs, was derived for each patient by quantitative scintigraphy technique. Pulmonary function testing and 6-min walk test (6MWT) data were obtained preoperatively and 3 to 6 months postoperatively. Results The mean (± SD) improvement in FEV 1 was 309 ± 240 mL, 209 ± 293 mL, and 116 ± 224 mL for patients with an AP% of ≤ 10%, 11 to 20%, and > 20%, respectively (p = 0.01, analysis of variance[ANOVA]). The likelihood of experiencing an increase in FEV 1 ≥ 200 mL was 68% for those with an AP% ≤ 10% but only 31% for those with an AP% > 20%. Preoperative and postoperative 6MWT data were available for 109 of 128 patients. Improvement was 250 ± 252 feet, 205 ± 299 feet, and 77 ± 200 feet for patients with AP% ≤ 10%, 11 to 20%, and > 20%, respectively (p = 0.04, ANOVA). While 50% of those with an AP%≤ 10% improved their 6MWT by ≥ 180 feet, only 21% of those with an AP% > 20% did so. Conclusion This retrospective analysis suggests that quantification of apical perfusion by nuclear scintigraphy assists in predicting the likelihood of short-term functional improvement after LVRS.
Evidence of the formation of G-quadruplex structures in the promoter region of the human vascular endothelial growth factor gene

The polypurine/polypyrimidine (pPu/pPy) tract of the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene is proposed to be structurally dynamic and to have potential to adopt non-B DNA structures. In the present study, we further provide evidence for the existence of the G-quadruplex structure within this tract both in vitro and in vivo using the dimethyl sulfate (DMS) footprinting technique and nucleolin as a structural probe specifically recognizing G-quadruplex structures. We observed that the overall reactivity of the guanine residues within this tract toward DMS was significantly reduced compared with other guanine residues of the flanking regions in both in vitro and in vivo footprinting experiments. We also demonstrated that nucleolin, which is known to bind to G-quadruplex structures, is able to bind specifically to the G-rich sequence of this region in negatively supercoiled DNA. Our chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis further revealed binding of nucleolin to the promoter region of the VEGF gene in vivo. Taken together, our results are in agreement with our hypothesis that secondary DNA structures, such as G-quadruplexes, can be formed in supercoiled duplex DNA and DNA in chromatin in vivo under physiological conditions similar to those formed in single-stranded DNA templates.
Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. lipophilum (CDC coryneform group ANF-1)

Corynebacteria are important causes of endocarditis in individuals with valvular prostheses. We report the first published case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by the newly defined species Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. lipophilum (former CDC coryneform group ANF-1). The isolate was recovered from a perivalvular abscess specimen and 5 of 15 Bactec blood cultures after 7 to 15 days of incubation. The isolation, identification, and susceptibility testing of Corynebacterium species are discussed.
Clinical neuroendocrinology and neuropharmacology of alcohol withdrawal.

A number of alcohol research groups have measured anterior and posterior pituitary hormones, the endogenous opiates, CNS peptides, and putative neurotransmitters during alcohol withdrawal. The data are often complex and contradictory, though a number of themes have emerged. Activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is increased during chronic alcohol exposure and appears to remain altered for at least 2 to 4 weeks after cessation of drinking. There is increased turnover of norepinephrine and enhanced binding of CNS adrenergic receptors. By contrast, there are decreases in CNS activity of select endogenous opiates and GABA. Other CNS compounds that may play a role in alcohol withdrawal are prolactin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), Vasopressin, cyclic 3′5′-adenosine monophophate (cAMP), Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP), and iron. Despite many studies in humans and animals, the roles of CNS dopamine and serotonin in withdrawal remain unclear. A number of peptides, including cholecystokinin (CCK), neurotensin, and bombesin, have been shown to interact with the CNS actions of alcohol and may play a role in alcohol withdrawal. Inadequate work has been performed on acetylcholine (ACh), human growth hormone (HGH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
An Introduction to Integer and Large-Scale Linear Optimization

This chapter provides an introductory analysis of linear programming foundations and large-scale methods. The chapter begins by discussing the basics of linear programming modeling and solution properties, duality principles for linear programming problems, and extensions to integer programming methods. We then develop Benders decomposition, Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition, and Lagrangian optimization procedures in the context of network design and routing problems that arise in telecommunications operations research studies. The chapter closes with a brief discussion and list of basic references for other large-scale optimization algorithms that are commonly used to optimize telecommunications systems, including basis partitioning, interior point, and heuristic methods.
Post-training Beliefs, Intentions, and Use of Prolonged Exposure Therapy by Clinicians in the Veterans Health Administration

To examine how changes in beliefs during the training process predict adoption of prolonged exposure therapy (PE) by veterans health administration clinicians who received intensive training in this evidence-based treatment. Participants completed a 4-day PE workshop and received expert consultation as they used PE with two or more training cases. Participants were surveyed prior to the workshop, after the workshop, after case consultation (n = 1.034), and 6 months after training (n = 810). Hierarchical regression was used to assess how pre-training factors, and changes in beliefs during different stages of training incrementally predicted post-training intent to use PE and how many patients clinicians were treating with PE 6 months after training. Post-training intent to use PE was high (mean = 6.2, SD = 0.81 on a 1-7 scale), yet most participants treated only 1 or 2 patients at a time with PE. Pre-training factors predicted intent to use and actual use of PE. Changes in beliefs during the workshop had statistically significant yet modest effects on intent and use of PE. Changes in beliefs during case consultation had substantial effects on intent and actual use of PE. Pre-training factors and changes in beliefs during training (especially during case consultation) influence clinicians' adoption of PE. Use of PE was influenced not only by its perceived clinical advantages/disadvantages, but also by contextual factors (working in a PTSD specialty clinic, perceived control over one's schedule, and ability to promote PE to patients and colleagues).
Refold and characterization of recombinant tissue factor pathway inhibitor expressed in Escherichia coli.

Abstract Human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) was expressed in E. coli as a non-glycosylated protein with an additional alanine attached to the aminoterminus of the wild type molecule. High-level expression was obtained with pMON6875, a plasmid containing a tac promoter, Gene 10 leader from bacteriophage T7, methionine-alanine-TFPI coding sequence, and the p22 transcriptional terminator. In this system, TFPI accounted for about 5-10% of the total cell protein. The inclusion bodies containing. TFPI were sulfitolyzed, purified by anion-exchange chromatography, refolded through a disulfide interchange reaction, and further fractionated by Mono S cation exchange chromatography. The Mono S resin resolved a peak of highly active TFPI from relatively inactive and possibly misfolded molecules. The E. coli TFPI was shown to be about two-fold more active, on a molar basis, than full-length human SK hepatoma TFPI in a tissue factor-induced clotting assay in human plasma.
ON THE PRODUCT THEOREMS OF (λ,μ)

In this paper,we prove the product theorems of the infinite matrix operator algebra (λ,μ), with respect to the left (right) strong or K convergence. And we also give a necessary and sufficient condition on the product theorem of the infinite matrix operator (λ,μ),with respect to the weak convergence.
Docetaxel (Taxotere) and vinorelbine in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: preliminary results of a phase I/II trial.

We undertook a phase I/II study of the combination of docetaxel (Taxotere; Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Antony, France) and vinorelbine in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nineteen patients with unresectable NSCLC received a combination of docetaxel 50 mg/m2 and vinorelbine 15 to 45 mg/m2 every 2 weeks. All patients received prophylactic granulocyte-colony stimulating factor 5 microg/kg/d and corticosteroids. The incidence of hematologic toxicity with this dosing schedule was low; only 2.5% of treatment cycles were complicated by febrile neutropenia. The maximum tolerated dose has not been reached. It is concluded that using this schedule, a combination of docetaxel and vinorelbine can be administered in combination, together with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, with a low risk of associated hematologic toxicity. Further dose escalation is needed to determine the maximum tolerated dose of the combination. A partial response was observed in five patients (26%; 95% confidence interval, 15% to 57%), and nine (47%) patients showed stable disease. Based on these preliminary results, the combination of these two drugs appears to have antitumor activity against NSCLC and warrants continued study.
Modulation of pituitary responsiveness to LHRH by porcine follicular fluid: time and dose- dependent effects.

The injection of porcine follicular fluid (pFF1) can suppress both the rise in serum FSH that occurs in rats after ovariectomy (1) and FSH surges that occur in rats during proestrus (1600 h and 1900 h) and estrus (0800 h and 1100h)(2). Furthermore, it has been shown that pFF1 inhibits FSH secretion after LHRH infusion in phenobarbital-treated, proestrus rats (2), suggesting that pFFl exerts its suppressive effects at the level of the pituitary gland. Previously, it has been shown in vitro, using monolayers of pituitary cells, that non-steroidal substances of gonadal origin can directly inhibit gonadotropin responses to LHRH (3). Thus, the addition of rete testes fluid (free of steroids) to pituitary cells in a monolayer culture system resulted in an inhibition of both LH and FSH secretion in response to LHRH. The above findings prompted the present investigation which was designed to study the effects of charcoal-treated pFF1 on both basal and LHRH-stimulated secretion of FSH and LH from rat anterior pituitary cells cultured in monolayer.
Mental health service utilization and time to care: A comparison of children in traditional foster care and children in kinship care

Abstract Existing research indicates that children who are involved with the child welfare system and placed in various forms of out-of-home care experience emotional and behavioral problems. It is also suggested that children placed in kinship care are less likely to receive mental health services than children placed in non-kinship foster homes. This study sought to compare children in non-kinship foster homes to children in kinship care to determine their receipt of mental health services and the time it took for children in kinship care to receive mental health services compared to children in non-kinship foster homes. Using a Cox regression, researchers determined that children in kinship care had a 14% lower likelihood of receipt of mental health services compared to their counterparts in non-kinship foster placements.
Evolution of the Dynamic Symptoms Model.

Theories and conceptual models can be thought of as broad nets that attempt to rationalize, explain, and master a phenomenon within clinical nursing and interdisciplinary care. They can be used to guide a review of the literature and to formulate and organize research variables and relationships. Gaps in the literature can be identified and opportunities for additional research revealed (Fawcett, 2005). A variety of symptom models or theories exist, including the Theory of Symptom Management (Dodd et al., 2001), Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms (Lenz, Pugh, Milligan, Gift, & Suppe, 1997), Symptoms Experience Model (Armstrong, 2003), and Symptom Experiences in Time Theory (Henly, Kallas, Klatt, & Swenson, 2003). Most recently, the National Institute of Nursing Research identified a new National Institutes of Health Symptom Science Model to guide symptom science research (Cashion & Grady, 2015). .
Table 11: [Potluck] Rubrics: To Increase Feedback and Decrease Time Grading

**Participants are strongly encouraged to bring a few printed copies of a specific example activity, assignment or strategy they use in their classroom related to this topic to share.** NOTE: You can still join a potluck even if you didn’t bring anything! Welcome to ITL and this table! Join your fellow Mason instructors to informally discuss this table's topic. At the table, you will find desk copies of related resources (digital versions are available below), and an experienced Mason colleague who has experience and strategies related to this topic. Not sure what to talk about? Here are some conversation starters: Share a little about yourselves: Department Years at Mason Courses you are teaching What excites you about teaching? What brought you to this table? What kinds of rubrics, grading guides, criteria checklists, or feedback systems have you used in your courses? When or where might you choose to use a more “analytic” rubric (X number of points per category add up to a grade) vs. a more “holistic” rubric (evaluations or feedback reveal strengths in categories, but the grade is “more than the sum of its parts)? When is a good time to share a rubric with students? In what kinds of activities might students review or apply rubrics? Have you ever enlisted students in helping to create a rubric? What opportunities or challenges did you see? What are some challenges or limitations of using rubrics or checklists for feedback? How can you design a rubric for best success? Have an example or resource to share? Submit through this link and we'll upload it after the conference: http://library.gmu.edu/publishing/submit Still have questions? Leave a post it note on the table sign at the end of the Share-a-thon or email your questions to stearns@gmu.edu ADDITIONAL RESOURCES : Stearns Center recommendations for further reading : David Boud & Elizabeth Molloy (2013) Rethinking models of feedback for learning: the challenge of design, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 38:6, 698-712, DOI: 10.1080/02602938.2012.691462 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2012.691462 David J. Nicol & Debra Macfarlane‐Dick (2006) Formative assessment and self‐regulated learning: a model and seven principles of good feedback practice, Studies in Higher Education, 31:2, 199-218, DOI: 10.1080/03075070600572090
Thermodynamic Driving Force in the Spontaneous Formation of Inorganic Nanoparticle Solutions

Nanoparticles are the bridge between the molecular and the macroscopic worlds. The growing number of commercial applications for nanoparticles spans from consumer products to new frontiers of medicine and next-generation optoelectronic technology. They are most commonly deployed in the form of a colloid, or “ink”, which are formulated with solvents, surfactants, and electrolytes to kinetically prevent the solid particulate phase from reaching the thermodynamically favored state of separate solid and liquid phases. In this work, we theoretically determine the thermodynamic requirements for forming a single-phase solution of spherical particles and engineer a model system to experimentally demonstrate the spontaneous formation of solutions composed of only solvent and bare inorganic nanoparticles. We show molecular interactions at the nanoparticle interface are the driving force in high-concentration nanoparticle solutions. The work establishes a regime where inorganic nanoparticles behave as molecular solu...
Outcomes with prophylactic use of percutaneous left ventricular assist devices in high-risk patients undergoing catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia: A propensity-score matched analysis.

Background The PAINESD score predicts the risk of periprocedural acute hemodynamic decompensation (AHD) and postprocedural mortality in patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA) of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT). The role of prophylactic placement of percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pLVADs) in high-risk patients is unknown. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of prophylactic use of pLVAD in high-risk patients undergoing CA of scar-related VT. Methods We included 75 patients undergoing CA of scar-related VT in whom a prophylactic pLVAD was implanted because of perceived high risk. The control population was a propensity-matched group of 75 patients who did not undergo prophylactic pLVAD placement. The PAINESD score was used for propensity matching. Results The median PAINESD score was 13 (41% with score ≥15) in the prophylactic pLVAD group and 12 (40% with score ≥15) in the control group. Periprocedural AHD occurred in 5 patients (7%) in the prophylactic pLVAD group and in 17 patients (23%) in the control group (P Conclusion Prophylactic pLVAD placement in high-risk patients undergoing CA of scar-related VT is associated with a reduced risk of AHD and death/transplant during follow-up without affecting VT-free survival.
Identifying Palliative Care Needs Among Older Adults in Nonclinical Settings.

Though palliative care is appropriate for patients with serious illness at any stage of the illness and treatment process, the vast majority of palliative care is currently delivered in inpatient medical settings in the past month of life during an acute hospitalization. Palliative care can have maximal benefit to patients when it is integrated earlier in the illness trajectory. One possible way to increase earlier palliative care use is to screen for unmet palliative care needs in community settings. The goal of this study was to assess the rates of unmet palliative care needs in older adults who attend New York City–based senior centers. The results of this study revealed that 28.8% of participants screened positive for unmet palliative care needs. Lower education and living alone were predictors of positive palliative care screens, but age, gender, marital status, and race were not. This study determined that the rate of unmet palliative care needs in community-based older adults who attend senior cent...
Role of CMV in Transplant Coronary Artery Disease and Survival After Heart Transplantation

The development of arteriosclerosis after heart transplantation plays a major role in decreased graft and patient survival. Although several pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed for the development of posttransplant coronary artery disease (CAD), a significant amount of accumulating evidence suggests that cytomegalovirus is a critical factor in this disease. Because post-transplant CAD is often a silent disease and early detection escapes conventional angiography, physicians must maintain close surveillance of heart transplant patients and institute prophylaxis in high-risk groups. In addition to targeting conventional risk factors, prophylaxis against CMV disease should decrease the incidence of the disease.
Abstract 3805: Expression of tryptophan -2, 3-dioxygense (TDO) in metastatic uveal melanoma

Uveal (eye) melanoma (UM) is the most common primary eye malignancy in adults. Despite effective treatments for primary UM, up to 50% of patients subsequently develop systemic metastasis, predominantly in the liver. Once hepatic metastasis develops, the survival of UM patients is generally short and currently available treatments fail to show meaningful improvement of their survival. Metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) is highly resistant to traditional systemic therapies, including immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint blockades approved for metastatic cutaneous melanoma (MCM) such as anti-CTLA4 antibody and anti-PD-1 antibody have shown only marginal clinical benefit in MUM (response rates = 1 RPKM), while TDO2 message is not present in 1/3 of the samples. Expression of TDO2 in primary UM correlated to poor survival (Cox regression hazard ratio 0.7, p=0.04). Moreover, TDO2 expression correlated to patients with BAP1 mutations (p=0.00071) and differences between patients with monosomy 3 and disomy 3 (p=0.00017). We further investigated whether MUM cell lines and MUM tumor specimens express TDO. We detected TDO protein in all of 4 MUM cell lines by Western blotting. Although inducible by exogenous IFN-gamma, IDO1 protein was not detected in any of these MUM cell lines without stimulation. TDO mRNA was increased 3.5 fold by stimulating MUM cells with recombinant human TNF-alpha. All MUM cell lines possess TNF-alpha receptors. We have also investigated TDO and IDO1 proteins in 10 MUM specimens obtained from hepatic metastasis by immuno-histochemical staining. TDO was positive in both normal hepatocytes as well as tumor themselves in all MUM specimens. Interestingly, the intensity of TDO staining is much stronger in MUM, compared to the surrounding liver tissues. On the other hand, IDO1 protein was not positive in any of MUM tissues obtained from liver metastasis. These results indicate that expression of TDO by MUM cells might be one of the key mechanisms for escape from T-cell immune surveillance in hepatic metastasis from primary UM. Citation Format: Mizue Terai, Emma Link, Eric Link, Bao Lam, Marlana Orloff, Takami Sato. Expression of tryptophan -2, 3-dioxygense (TDO) in metastatic uveal melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3805.
Pixel Quantum Efficiency Differences and Variance Stabilization for sCMOS Single Molecule Localization Microscopy Data Analysis

Optimal analysis of single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) data acquired with a CMOS camera requires compensation for single pixel differences in gain, offset and readout noise. For some CMOS cameras we found that it is also necessary to compensate for pixel differences in sensitivity or relative quantum efficiency (RQE). We present the modifications to the original sCMOS analysis algorithm necessary to correct for these RQE differences. We also discuss the use of the Anscombe transform (AT) for variance stabilization. Removing the variance dependence on the mean allows simpler least squares fitting approaches to achieve the Cramer-Rao bound on the mixed Poisson and Gaussian distributed data typically acquired with an sCMOS camera.
Pharmacokinetics of Cefazolin and Vancomycin in Infants Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

BACKGROUND:Gram-positive bacteria account for nearly three-quarters of all surgical site infections. Antibiotic prophylaxis against these bacteria with cephalosporins or, in select circumstances, with vancomycin is considered standard of care for prevention of surgical site infections. There is litt
Luminol Chemiluminescence Reports Photodynamic Therapy-Generated Neutrophil Activity In Vivo and Serves as a Biomarker of Therapeutic Efficacy.

Inflammatory cells, most especially neutrophils, can be a necessary component of the antitumor activity occurring after administration of photodynamic therapy. Generation of neutrophil responses has been suggested to be particularly important in instances when the delivered photodynamic therapy (PDT) dose is insufficient. In these cases, the release of neutrophil granules and engagement of antitumor immunity may play an important role in eliminating residual disease. Herein, we utilize in vivo imaging of luminol chemiluminescence to noninvasively monitor neutrophil activation after PDT administration. Studies were performed in the AB12 murine model of mesothelioma, treated with Photofrin-PDT. Luminol-generated chemiluminescence increased transiently 1 h after PDT, followed by a subsequent decrease at 4 h after PDT. The production of luminol signal was not associated with the influx of Ly6G+ cells, but was related to oxidative burst, as an indicator of neutrophil function. Most importantly, greater levels of luminol chemiluminescence 1 h after PDT were prognostic of a complete response at 90 days after PDT. Taken together, this research supports an important role for early activity by Ly6G+ cells in the generation of long-term PDT responses in mesothelioma, and it points to luminol chemiluminescence as a potentially useful approach for preclinical monitoring of neutrophil activation by PDT.