cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A RENEGADE UNION: ORGANIZING IN THE SERVICE AND DISTRIBUTIVE INDUSTRIES, SOME LESSONS FROM THE PAST

This article examines the history of labor organizing in the service, distribution, and processing industries. It examines Local/District 65's (Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store Union) efforts to find a “home” for its differing “orientation” as it targeted low-wage distribution, processing, and service workers, more often Black, Puerto Rican, and Jewish, in New York who worked in small, largely “invisible,” 10–20-person shops, using what it called a “catchall” or area-based organizing strategy. The union's history helps us better understand the challenges the contemporary labor movement faces organizing in the Wal-Mart era as low-wage service, distribution, and processing (warehouse) jobs become the norm.
Isozymes of amine oxidase in human plasma and other tissues.

Menschliche Plasmaaminooxydase, bestehend aus verschiedenen Isoenzymen, deren Hauptfraktion in zahl reichen untersuchten parenchymatosen Organen vorhanden ist, wurde mit der Starkegelektrophorese und Sephadex Saulenchromatographie untersucht. Isoenzyme aus Gewebehomogenaten und Plasma unterscheiden sich.
The Oceanic Thermocline and the Associated Thermohaline Circulation

A study is made of the thermal structure of an ocean which is dynamically geostrophic, bounded by an eastern coast, and driven by an imposed surface temperature distribution and wind-stress. The heat equation contains vertical diffusion in the form of a virtual eddy mixing parameter and non-linear terms of vertical and north-south advection. Comparison of the results with the North Atlantic shows an agreement with the observed temperature distribution in the thermocline region, including the deepening of isotherms in mid-latitudes. The value of the vertical component of velocity at the bottom of the thermocline is predicted, and a numerical value for the eddy-conductivity obtained. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1959.tb00035.x
Organized Labor in the Electorate, 1960-1988:

This paper examines the union effect on vote choice and turnout in presidential elections from 1960 to 1988. It shows that union household status had a significant effect on vote choice in the last...
Construction and characterization of F plasmid-based expression vectors.

A low-copy expression vector has been constructed from a 9 Kbp region of the Escherichia coli F plasmid containing the oriV and oriS origins of replication. This plasmid carries the beta-lactamase gene (Apr) and the araBAD promoter/araC regulator for arabinose-inducible gene expression. A derivative which carries a lacZ reporter gene was found to be stably maintained for at least 150 generations. A related multi-copy plasmid was stably maintained in arabinose-free medium, but no plasmid-bearing segregants remained after 60 generations when lacZ expression was induced. Induced expression resulted in 27% (multi-copy) and 12% (low-copy) decreases in growth rate. The uninduced levels of beta-galactosidase were 200 units (multi-copy) and 15 units (low-copy).
Differential distribution of proteins and lipids in detergent‐resistant and detergent‐soluble domains in rod outer segment plasma membranes and disks

Membrane heterogeneity plays a significant role in regulating signal transduction and other cellular activities. We examined the protein and lipid components associated with the detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) fractions from retinal rod outer segment (ROS) disk and plasma membrane-enriched preparations. Proteomics and correlative western blot analysis revealed the presence of α and β subunits of the rod cGMP-gated ion channel and glucose transporter type 1, among other proteins. The glucose transporter was present exclusively in ROS plasma membrane (not disks) and was highly enriched in DRMs, as was the cGMP-gated channel β-subunit. In contrast, the majority of rod opsin and ATP-binding cassette transporter A4 was localized to detergent-soluble domains in disks. As expected, the cholesterol : fatty acid mole ratio was higher in DRMs than in the corresponding parent membranes (disk and plasma membranes, respectively) and was also higher in disks compared to plasma membranes. Furthermore, the ratio of saturated : polyunsaturated fatty acids was also higher in DRMs compared to their respective parent membranes (disk and plasma membranes). These results confirm that DRMs prepared from both disks and plasma membranes are enriched in cholesterol and in saturated fatty acids compared to their parent membranes. The dominant fatty acids in DRMs were 16 : 0 and 18 : 0; 22 : 6n3 and 18 : 1 levels were threefold higher and twofold lower, respectively, in disk-derived DRMs compared to plasma membrane-derived DRMs. We estimate, based on fatty acid recovery that DRMs account for only ∼ 8% of disks and ∼ 12% of ROS plasma membrane.
EFFECTS OF SELECTED HORMONES ON THE CLOSED VAGINAL MEMBRANE OF THE OVARIECTOMIZED GUINEA PIG.

SummaryThe minimum effective dose of estradiol dipropionate, 0.5 μg as a single subcutaneous injection, which opened the closed vaginal membrane of the ovariectomized guinea pig has been determined. Vaginal opening occurred approximately 96 hours later and persisted for 4-7 days. Estrogen induced vaginal openings of 9 days duration can be shortened to the normal 4 days with 2 mg of progesterone. The effectiveness of several relaxin preparations in opening the closed vaginal membrane is reported. It is suggested that relaxin may be involved in the opening of the vaginal membrane observed in the pregnant guinea pig during the fourth week of gestation.
Deleterious mitochondrial DNA mutations accumulate in aging human tissues.

This paper reviews the current state of knowledge of the contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations to the phenotype of aging. Its major focus is on the discovery of deletions of mtDNA which previously were thought to occur only in individuals with neuromuscular disease. One particular deletion (mtDNA4977) accumulates with age primarily in non-dividing cells such as muscle and brain of normal individuals. The level of the deletion rises with age by more than 1000 fold in heart and brain and to a lesser extent in other tissues. In the brain, different regions have substantially different levels of the deletion. High levels of accumulation of the deletion in tissues are correlated with high oxygen consumption. We speculate that oxidative damage to mtDNA may be ‘catastrophic’; mutations affecting mitochondrially encoded polypeptides involved in electron transport could increase free radical generation leading to more mtDNA damage.
Samos, Hegemony, and the Nicuria Decree

The Nicuria decree (IG XII.7 506) records the decisions of representatives of the islanders at Samos about their involvement in sacrifices and games which Ptolemy II was arranging in honour of his father in Alexandria. The article tries to show that the dating of this inscription to the year 282 is to prioritize to the year 281.
The Faraday Method. II. A Convenient and Reliable Support for Low Temperature Measurements

A new hang down fiber for the Faraday magnetic susceptibility set up made out of 50% nylon and 50% quartz is shown to be accurate and precise in the measurement of susceptibilities down to 12°K. Th...
Word is out on SSC short list

Sites in eight states have been selected by a panel from the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) as finalists in the selection process for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Superconducting Super Collider (SSC), two Republican Senators announced today. DOE acknowledged that it had received a list from NAS but would not confirm the contents of the list. According to the Associated Press, Senators Jesse Helms (R-N.C.) and Phil Gramm (R-Tex.) were notified about the list by Secretary of Energy John Herrington. In a subsequent news conference, Helms announced that sites in Texas, Arizona, Colorado, Tennessee, New York, Illinois, Michigan, and North Carolina had been placed by the NAS panel on a “short list” and presented to DOE.
FLUORESCENCE RELAXATION KINETICS AND QUANTUM YIELD FROM THE ISOLATED PHYCOBILIPROTEINS OF THE BLUE‐GREEN ALGA NOSTOC SP. MEASURED AS A FUNCTION OF SINGLE PICOSECOND PULSE INTENSITY, I

— Phycobilisomes from the blue-green alga Nostoc sp. are known to contain the phycobiliproteins: c-phycoerythrin (c-PE), c-phycocyanin (c-PC) and four forms of allophycocyanin (APC I, II, III, and B). We have made a detailed study of the effects of the intensity of a single 6 ps excitation pulse on the decay kinetics and the yield of fluorescence in the individual isolated phycobiliproteins at pH 7 and 23°C. The risetime of the fluorescence of c-PE, c-PC and APC was > 12 ps. We found that the decay of the fluorescence was exponential at intensities of 1014 photons/cm2 in all the phycobiliproteins; the lifetimes being 1552 ± 31ps for c-PE, 2111 ± 83ps for c-PC, 1932 ± 165ps for APC I, 1870 ± 90ps for APC II, 1816 ± 88ps for APC III, (1869 ± 62ps for the averaged APC's I, II, and III), and 2667 ± 233 ps for APC B. We also found that the fluorescence decay became non-exponential in c-PE at excitation intensities < 1014 photons/cm2, but was exponential for all the other phycobiliproteins even at a pulse intensity of 1015 photons/cm2. The relaxation times of c-PE and c-PC decreased with excitation intensity above 1014 photons/cm2. For c-PE and c-PC the relative fluorescence vs excitation intensity was readily described by a relationship derived for a model in which exciton–exciton annihilation occurs. In APC the fluorescence yield and relaxation time were only slightly dependent on the excitation intensity. The results are interpreted to indicate the occurrence of singlet–singlet annihilation intramolecularly among the several phycobilin chromophores within the individual phycobiliprotein molecules in solution. The s to f transfer time is less than 12ps in c-PC.
Platelet aggregation and coagulation factors in orthopedic surgery

Hemostasis is a major concern during the perioperative period. Changes in platelet aggregation and coagulation factors may contribute to the delicate balance between thrombosis and bleeding. We sought to better understand perioperative hemostasis by investigating the changes in platelet aggregation and coagulation factors during the perioperative period. We performed a prospective cohort analysis of 70 subjects undergoing non-emergent orthopedic surgery of the knee (n = 28), hip (n = 35), or spine (n = 7) between August 2011 and November 2011. Plasma was collected preoperatively (T1), 1-h intraoperatively (T2), 1-h (T3), 24-h (T4) and 48-h (T5) postoperatively. Platelet function testing was performed using whole blood impedance aggregometry. Coagulation assays were performed for factor VII, factor VIII, von Willebrand Factor (vWF), and fibrinogen. Of the 70 patients, mean age was 64.1 ± 9.8 years, 61 % were female, and 74 % were Caucasian. Platelet activity decreased until 1 h postoperatively and then significantly increased above baseline at 24- and 48-h postoperatively. Compared to baseline, coagulation factors decreased intraoperatively. Factor VII activity continued to decrease, while FVIII, vWF, and fibrinogen all increased above baseline postoperatively. The results of our study indicate significant changes in platelet activity and coagulation factors during the perioperative period. Both platelet activity and markers of coagulation decrease during the intraoperative period and then some increase postoperatively. These changes may contribute to the hypercoagulabity and/or bleeding risk that occurs in the perioperative period. Future prospective studies aimed at correlating hemostatic changes with perioperative outcomes are warranted.
Properties of partially purified malate synthase for Euglena gracilis.

SYNOPSIS. Properties of partially purified malate synthase from Euglena gracilis were characterized. The pH optimum is 7.0 and the temperature optimum about 30 C; the activation energy is 12,000 calories. A Km of 4 × 10−5 M was found for both reactants, glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA. The reaction is partially inhibited by a number of normal metabolites, suggesting allosteric control; glycolate is severely inhibitory. The enzyme is not active in cells grown with phototrophic nutrition, but is found in all heterotrophic cells grown on a wide range of carbon sources; the specific activity is greatly dependent on carbon source. High rates of oxygen consumption are usually, but not always, correlated with high enzyme levels.
Analyzing powers for 207Pb(t

Analyzing powers and differential cross sections for /sup 207/Pb(t-arrow-right,p)/sup 209/Pb have been studied at 17 MeV in order to identify the effects of second-order (t-arrow-right,p) transfer mechanisms. Angular distributions for transitions to seven single-particle states in /sup 209/Pb and to the first pairing vibration state in /sup 209/Pb were measured for the angular range 6X(d-italice-italic< or =t-italich-italice-italict-italica-italic< or =70/sup 0/. The observed L-italic dependence of the differential cross sections is adequately reproduced by one-step finite-range distorted-wave Born approximation calculations, but the absolute magnitude of these transitions is underpredicted by factors ranging from 1.25 to 2.5.
Eye-tracking laser Doppler velocimeter stabilized in two dimensions: principle, design, and construction

We developed an eye-tracking laser Doppler velocimeter to minimize eye-movement artifacts in the study of ocular hemodynamics in humans. The instrument compensates for both horizontal and vertical eye motions by using galvanometer mirrors controlled by a dual-Purkinje eye tracker. The performance of the instrument is demonstrated in a preliminary study of retinal arterial blood velocity in a normal subject. The subject's fixation point was adjusted manually to oscillate through a 2.3-deg span at 0.3 Hz. In spite of this motion the pulsatile velocity waveform of the heart cycle could be continuously recorded. Without eye tracking the velocity waveform was lost after the initiation of movement.
Within-person variability in diastolic blood pressure for a cohort of normotensives

Abstract A random sample of 7500 inner-city Baltimore residents was screened for hypertension in their homes during 1973–1974. Three years later 2667 of those found to be normotensive at baseline were re-examined at home. Those with diastolic blood pressure ⩾95 mmHg or who had begun taking antihypertensive medication since baseline were invited to a clinic for further evaluation. A sample of those whose baseline diastolic blood pressure was The within-person standard deviation was 7.8 mmHg for the baseline and follow-up home examinations. The between-occasion standard deviation was 7.4 mmHg and the within-occasion standard deviation was 2.4 mmHg. The between-occasion standard deviation was slightly lower for the 1976–1977 home and clinic examination but the within-occasion standard deviation was about the same. A small systematic decrease was noted between readings on the same occasion.
Electron microscopic denaturation map of bacteriophage 186 DNA

Abstract We have determined the partial denaturation map of Escherichia coli phage 186 DNA. The maps are unique and confirm that 186 DNA is not circularly permuted. A large number of denatured sites have been mapped and put into order of increasing G + C content. The origin of replication of 186 DNA has been determined in a previous investigation and this position is now found to correspond to one of the G + C richest segments on the right half of 186 DNA.
Treatment complexity index for assessing the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes in a graduate orthodontics clinic

Introduction Clinical cases completed by the Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD) graduating orthodontic classes of 2004, 2005, and 2006 were assessed to determine factors that affect orthodontic treatment duration. Methods The sample consisted of 455 consecutively finished patients who received comprehensive treatment in the full permanent dentition. They included optimally finished and prematurely terminated (early debond) patients. The American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) discrepancy index (DI) was used to evaluate the severity of the pretreatment malocclusion. A specifically designed treatment complexity index (TCI) was used to evaluate complexity based on treatment modalities. The ABO objective grading system (OGS) and the IUSD comprehensive clinical assessment (CCA) were used to evaluate the clinical outcome for all patients. Results The average treatment duration was 29 months. The mean DI, OGS, and CCA scores were 15.30, 23.34, and 4.48, respectively. Increased treatment length was associated with 0.022-in slot size brackets, percent of treatment spent in nickel-titanium wires, Class II malocclusion, increased DI score, and increased TCI score. In evaluating outcomes for 2004 through 2006, there was no significant relationship between treatment duration and clinical outcome as measured by the OGS and CCA scores. Conclusions The DI and TCI are sensitive prospective indicators of treatment duration. After the introduction of a rigorous clinical protocol for controlling poor outcomes, because of patients exceeding predicted treatment times, the clinical results for this sample are independent of treatment duration.
Effect of α2 adrenergic agents upon central etorphine antinociception in the cat

Systemic (s.c.) administration of α2 agonists clonidine (25–100 μg/kg) or guanfacine (50–400 μg/kg) elicited antinociception as assessed by the cat tail-flick model and potentiated in a dose-dependent manner the antinociceptive effect of etorphine (2.5 μg) administered directly into the periaqueductal gray. Conversely, systemic yohimbine (1 mg/kg) attenuated the effects of central etorphine, and diminished potentiation of etorphine by theα2 agonists. Prior microinjection of clonidine (5μg) or guanfacine (5 μg) into the locus coeruleus (LC) reduced the intensity of central etorphine antinociception whereas central yohimbine (20 μg) pretreatment increased peak antinociceptive activity and prolonged the duration of etorphine. Thus, systemicα2 agonists are inherently antinociceptive and potentiate central narcotic antinociception; however, the site of interaction betweenα2 agonists and opiates does not appear to be the LC inasmuch asα2 agonists attenuate the antinociceptive effect of etorphine when administered directly into the LC. A spinal site of action is suggested based upon known LC-spinal projections and our experimental observations.
Utilizing a Positive Deviance Approach to Reduce Girls’ Trafficking in Indonesia: Asset-based Communicative Acts That Make a Difference

This article analyzes the communicative practices that undergird the Positive Deviance approach to social change and its contributions to the curbing of girls’ trafficking in rural Indonesia. Positive Deviance hinges on the premise that in every community there are individuals whose uncommon practices enable them to find better solutions to problems than their neighbours with access to the same resources. Our archival and field research in Indonesia indicates that Positive Deviance is time and skills intensive, yet it is also rich in communication and relational practices. It facilitates a unique vantage point to build human capital and sustain positive impacts.
The Experimental Status of Baryon Conservation

(1980). “The experimental status of baryon conservation”. Surveys in High Energy Physics: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 89-112.
Improving the prediction of employee productivity: a comparison of ordinary least squares versus genetic algorithms coupled with artificial neural networks

This research compares the results of utilising an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach versus a combined Genetic Algorithm (GA) with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the task of selecting high-productivity employees. Demographic and piece-rate performance data were collected from 378 employees of a large garment manufacturer. While the OLS model showed only 3 of 11 predictors to be significant, a combined GA procedure coupled with an ANN model found seven determinants to be important in identifying the most productive employees. The ANN model's R² of 0.30 was significantly better at predicting hourly productivity than the OLS model (R² = 0.14). The accuracy of the classification results showed that the two techniques were very different; the ANN results were significantly more accurate for identifying and classifying high-performance employees. The implications of this for the field of productivity and employee selection are discussed.
Effect of anesthesia and surgery on immunity.

The observed phenomenon that multiple distant metastases may appear and grow rapidly after operation on the primary cancer is very distressing. Many experimental results suggest that surgical procedures may precipitate dissemination and growth of tumor in some instances, but the overwhelming evidences document that surgical reduction of tumor bulk can achieve cure for the host and restore the immunity lost in the face of growing tumors. Various anesthetics were shown to interfere with many phases of the immune response. But recent studies suggest that the inhibitory effect of anesthesia alone is minimal. Depression of lymphocyte transformation, detectable as early as 2 hours after induction, was related primarily to the extent of tissue trauma, the amount of blood loss, duration of operation, and whether thoracic or abdominal cavity was entered. Postoperative changes of lymphocyte counts and transformation responses usually returned to normal values within a week, whereas depression of specific cellular immunity to tumor-associated antigen in vitro, and delayed cutaneous hyper-sensitivity reactions in vivo, persisted for about a week and gradually returned to normal by 3 weeks. Presently the clinical significance of such transitory depression of host immunity is not known. It is hoped that this review may stimulate interest in further experimental and clinical research.
The Sinners and the Scapegoat: Public Reaction in the Press to Mae West's Adam and Eve Skit

After appearing on NBC's Chase & Sanborn Hour in December 1937, Hollywood icon Mae West found herself at the center of a firestorm for indecency over the airwaves. Much of the prior scholarship surrounding the incident has focused on the ensuing debate over freedom of expression. In order to gain insight into the Depression-era struggle over morality, this study, by contrast, explores the spectrum of public reaction offered in the mainstream press by journalists, their sources, and their readers. This cultural history of a landmark incident involving freedom of expression in the mass media examines reaction to the radio broadcast in more than twenty newspapers and magazines in the month following the skit.
Effect of Extensibility on Large Deformation Three-Dimensional Static Behavior of Beams

ABSTRACT The problem of static large deformation, three-dimensional, bending and torsion of extensible beams with equal principal stiffnesses is formulated within small strain theory and solved numerically. Torsion and bending are coupled and external load and boundary conditions may be deformation dependent. A Lagrangian description of the deformation is used and the extensibility condition is employed as the constitutive relation in the tangential direction. The model is compared to its counterpart for inextensible beams. The problem is solved by an incremental finite element algorithm, with a prediction-correction scheme. The matrix form of the extensible beam problem involves seven nonlinear deformation dependent stiffness matrices. A computer code has been developed to implement the solution technique and its numerical output is compared with available results for extensible beams. Finally seven beam problems are solved numerically to investigate effects of extensibility, torsion, movability of suppo...
Methods for evaluating temporal trends in noise exposure

AbstractObjective: Hearing conservation programs have been mandatory in many US industries since 1983. Since then, three program elements (audiometric testing, hearing protection, and training) have been the focus of much research. By comparison, little has been done on noise exposure evaluation. Design: Temporal trends in time weighted average (TWA) exposures and the fraction of measurements exceeding 85 dBA were evaluated by facility, by exposure group within facility, and by individual worker within facility. Study sample: A large dataset (> 10 000 measurements over 20 years) from eight facilities operated by a multinational aluminum manufacturing company was studied. Results: Overall, exposures declined across locations over the study period. Several facilities demonstrated substantial reductions in exposure, and the results of mean noise levels and exceedance fractions generally showed good agreement. The results of analyses at the individual level diverged with analyses by facility and exposure grou...
FAILURE OF ENDOGENOUS STIMULATION OF SECRETIN AND PANCREOZYMIN RELEASE TO INFLUENCE SERUM-INSULIN

Abstract The effect of endogenously stimulated and exogenously administered secretin and pancreozymin on blood-glucose and serum-immunoreactive-insulin was studied in healthy controls and in patients with histamine-fast anacidity. When the release of secretin was stimulated by duodenal acidification in three patients with histamine-fast anacidity, the serum-immunoreactive-insulin response and the blood clearance of an intravenous glucose load were not enhanced. In the absence of a glucose load, in five anacid patients duodenal acidification did not lower fasting blood-glucose or raise serum-immunoreactive-insulin. Intravenous administration of either secretin or pancreozymin to four fasting healthy controls caused a small rise in serum-immunoreactive-insulin, which was associated with a slight fall in blood-sugar in the case of pancreozymin but not of secretin. These results indicate that the effect of intra-venously administered secretin and pancreozymin on serum-insulin is not duplicated by the stimulation of their endogenous release of the hormones does not normally influence the utilisation of ingested carbohydrate.
Barack Obama and the Dilemma of Power An Africological Observation

This article examines the prospects and possibilities of presidential power in the event of the election of Obama. A great discourse has ensued about the Obama candidacy for the Democratic nomination because he is the first African American to gain such widespread popular support so soon in the campaign. Indeed, he is the first candidate in history to receive secret service protection so early in the primary campaign because of serious threats against his person by numerous detractors. An Afrocentric examination of the political campaign and presidential prospects of Obama begins with an interrogation of the nature of the political process in relationship to history, location, the American imperium, and the dilemma of power in a racial politic. Any intense interrogation of Obama's concept of himself as an African American locates him in a particular space and time. The overwhelming racial characteristics of American society, even at this date, suggest that should Obama be nominated and elected, he would s...
Software Challenges in Extreme Scale Systems

Computer systems anticipated in the 2015 - 2020 timeframe are referred to as Extreme Scale because they will be built using massive multi-core processors with 100's of cores per chip. The largest capability Extreme Scale system is expected to deliver Exascale performance of the order of 10 18 operations per second. These systems pose new critical challenges for software in the areas of concurrency, energy eciency and resiliency. In this paper, we discuss the implications of the concurrency and energy eciency challenges on future software for Extreme Scale Systems. From an application viewpoint, the concurrency and energy challenges boil down to the ability to express and manage parallelism and locality by exploring a range of strong scaling and new-era weak scaling techniques. For expressing parallelism and locality, the key challenges are the ability to expose all of the intrinsic parallelism and locality in a programming model, while ensuring that this expression of parallelism and locality is portable across a range of systems. For managing parallelism and locality, the OS-related challenges include parallel scalability, spatial partitioning of OS and application functionality, direct hardware access for inter-processor communication, and asynchronous rather than interrupt-driven events, which are accompanied by runtime system challenges for scheduling, synchronization, memory management, communication, performance monitoring, and power management. We conclude by discussing the importance of software-hardware co- design in addressing the fundamental challenges for application enablement on Extreme Scale systems.
The etiology of short stature affects the clinical outcome of lower limb lengthening using external fixation. A systematic review of 18 trials involving 547 patients.

Background and purpose — Distraction osteogenesis (DO) has been used to gain height in short statured individuals. However, there have been no studies comparing the clinical outcome of limb lengthe...
ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN AS MANAGERS WITH REGARD TO SEX, EDUCATION, WORK, AND MARITAL STATUS

Summary.-Participants were 58 undergraduate and 55 MBA students who were administered the Women as Managers Scale. Analysis indicated that over-all, females rated women as managers more favorably than did males. Much of the difference was accounted for with the category of traits considered necessary to managerial success. Part-time workers and graduate students indicated more favorable attitudes. More specifically, male graduate students who worked part time indicated significantly more favorable attitudes in this category than those who worked full time and artended undergraduate school. Over the last several years many researchers have studied women in management. Their interests have varied from why women do not choose management as a career (Fottler & Bain, 1980) to how the careers of women are affected once they reach a large-scale company (Wiley & Eskilson, 1983). One of the primary interests of research, however, has been attitudes toward women as managers. Fottler and Bain (1980) surveyed 2112 male and female hlgh school seniors with regard to their managerial aspirations. The responses were divided into the following: professional, managerial, sales, clerical, crafts, operative, service worker, or laborer. Management as an aspiration was underrepresented compared to the proportion of managers in the actual workforce. Only 3.3% of all respondents and 4.1 % oE the respondents previously deciding on management as a potential career, chose management. Approximately twice as many boys (5.6%) as girls (2.8%) indicated an interest in a managerial position. Sex, as expected by the researchers, was a significant discriminator between those considering and those not considering a management position. Socioeconomic status and school location were important factors for the boys; but none of the variables (race, fathers' occupation, socioeconomic status, or school characteristics) were adequate predictors for the girls. Bass, Krussell, and Alexander (1971) examined attitudes toward women as potential supervisors of 174 men who were employed in business or industry in lower-, middle-, and upper-level management and staff positions. They found that the male managers had reservations concerning the supervisory potential of women but did not seem to question women's capabilities.
Exploring Diverse Data Sets and Developing New Theories and Ideas With Project Integration Architecture

The development of new ideas is the essence of scientific research. This is frequently done by developing models of physical processes and comparing model predictions with results from experiments. With models becoming ever more complex and data acquisition systems becoming more powerful, the researcher is burdened with wading through data ranging in volume up to a level of many terabytes and beyond. These data often come from multiple, heterogeneous sources and usually the methods for searching through it are at or near the manual level. In addition, current documentation methods are generally limited to researchers pen-and-paper style notebooks. Researchers may want to form constraint-based queries on a body of existing knowledge that is, itself, distributed over many different machines and environments and from the results of such queries then spawn additional queries, simulations, and data analyses in order to discover new insights into the problem being investigated. Currently, researchers are restricted to working within the boundaries of tools that are inefficient at probing current and legacy data to extend the knowledge of the problem at hand and reveal innovative and efficient solutions. A framework called the Project Integration Architecture is discussed that can address these desired functionalities.
Gestational Macromastia: A Medical and Surgical Challenge

n Abstract: Gestational macromastia is a rare and complex disorder. Establishing an optimal medical and surgical management regimen has been challenging. Medical regimens have included tamoxifen, progesterone, bromocriptine, and testosterone. Surgical therapies have included reduction mammaplasty and mastectomy. This report will highlight the successful medical and surgical management in a woman with severe gestational macromastia. n
Time congruity in the organization: A proposed quality-of-life framework

The present paper examines the importance of matching thetime styles of individuals with thetime styles established by organizations. The authors introduce the notion oftime congruity to represent such a matching process. While time use has been studied in both organizational and individual contexts, lesser attention has been given to such multi-level analysis. When the individual's self time preferences are matched to the time use methods of the organization, a fit is thought to exist, potentially leading to satisfactory performance and enhancement of quality of work and general life. A framework is proposed for identifying and exploring such congruity, leading to several research propositions. Managerial implications are developed for human resource issues and business combinations, such as joint ventures, mergers, and acquisitions.
LASER‐METRICS OF FREE‐RANGING KILLER WHALES

Data on morphometrics are central to understanding key features of both population and behavioral ecology, including phenotypic differences between species (Perryman and Lynn 1993, Meijaard and Groves 2004) and populations (Perryman and Lynn 1994), life history traits such as patterns of individual growth (Read et al. 1993, Lee and Moss 1995), and morphological differences related to mating systems (Boonstra et al. 1993, Tolley et al. 1995, Plavcan and van Schaik 1998). In the marine environment, it has proved difficult to obtain measurements from free-ranging cetaceans. Capture operations can yield precise data on morphometrics (e.g., Read et al. 1993), but such disruptive procedures are generally not feasible and are restricted to smaller species. On a more remote level, photogrammetric approaches have been successfully applied to estimate body size from aerial platforms (e.g., Perryman and Lynn 1993) and from underwater images (Klimley and Brown 1983, Spitz et al. 2000), but stereophotogrammetric methods require a camera configuration that is somewhat cumbersome (Klimley and Brown 1983, Brager et al. 1999, Brager and Chong 1999), and can be difficult to implement from small-boat research platforms alongside routine data collection. We describe a simple approach for obtaining morphometric measurements based on photographing two laser dots that have been projected onto the body of a whale using two small laser-pointers. These laser-pointers are mounted in a parallel orientation to maintain a fixed and known separation distance, and the dots therefore provide a scale of known dimension on the image of the whale that can be used to calibrate morphometric measurements. The lightweight laser setup can be conveniently mounted on a camera lens, allowing this approach to be implemented by a single photographer in conjunction with photo-identification studies. We demonstrate the
COLOR CENTER LASER OPTOGALVANIC SPECTROSCOPY OF LITHIUM, BARIUM, NEON AND ARGON RYDBERG STATES IN HOLLOW CATHODE DISCHARGES

Abstract Numerous infrared transitions between Rydberg states of neon and argon have been measured by optogalvanic spectroscopy in commercial hollow cathode lamps using a color center laser operating in the range 3600–4100 cm -1 . Transitions in lithium and barium atoms sputtered from the cathodes were also detected. The generality and high sensitivity of this technique indicates potential applications for frequency calibration in the infrared, atomic and molecular spectroscopy, and plasma diagnostics.
Prognostic significance of prostaglandin E2 production by mononuclear cells and tumor cells in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been implicated as a cause of immunosuppression in patients with head and neck cancer. To determine the relative contribution of tumor cells and mononuclear cells to PGE2 levels in vivo, tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells (TIMC) were isolated from fresh tumor biopsy specimens of 23 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) by using enzymatic digestion and differential gradient centrifugation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymph node mononuclear cells (LNMC) from metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes were also isolated. Cell fractions were cultured for 24 hours, and PGE2 levels of supernatant were determined by radioimmunoassay. PGE2 production by LNMC was significantly decreased compared to tumor cells, TIMC, and PBMC (P = .0002). LNMC from metastatic lymph nodes produced significantly higher levels of PGE2 (P = .02) compared to nonmetastatic lymph nodes. Although T stage was not correlated with PGE2 production by TIMC or tumor cells, advanced N stage (N1-3) was associated with decreased PGE2 production by TIMC (P = .006). These results suggest that both tumor cells and TIMC are sources of PGE2 in tumor tissues of patients with SCCHN and that decreased PGE2 production by host inflammatory cells may have clinical significance in the development of cervical metastases.
Social possible selves, self-regulation, and social goal progress in older adulthood

Lifespan development involves setting and pursuing self-guided goals. This study examines how in the social domain, possible selves, a future-oriented self-concept, and self-regulation, including self-regulatory beliefs and intraindividual variability in self-regulatory behavior, relate to differences in overall daily social goal progress. An online older-adult sample worked towards a self-defined meaningful social goal over 100 days. Multilevel analysis showed that participants with social possible selves made higher overall daily goal progress, especially those with both hoped-for and feared possible selves, than those with possible selves in nonsocial domains. Self-regulatory beliefs were positively whereas variability was negatively associated with overall daily goal progress. The findings suggest that possible selves, in combination with two distinct self-regulatory constructs, significantly guide social goal progress.
Gas chromatographic determination of flurprimidol in a submersed aquatic plant (Myriophyllum spicatum), soil, and water

Methods for the extraction and quantification of flurprimidol residues in Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum), soil, and water are described. The compound was detected and quantified by gas chromatography (GC) with a thermionic specific detector. Its identity was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) with detection at m/e 40–320. Recoveries from samples spiked with flurprimidol at 10–10,000 ng ml−1 or g−1 averaged 86.8% for Eurasian watermilfoil shoots, 85.2% for roots, 79.3% for loam soil, and 93.3% for water. In a small-scale experiment under field conditions, approximately 88% of the applied flurprimidol dissipated in 4 weeks. The majority of recovered flurprimidol was found in the water and upper 5 cm soil layer. The half-life of the compound in water was 6.8–8 days during June/July 1989.
Carbon auctions, energy markets & market power: An experimental analysis

Abstract This paper provides an experimental analysis of a simultaneous energy-emissions market under conditions of market power. The experimental design employs real-world institutional features; including stochastic demand, permit banking, inter-temporal (multi-round) dynamics, a tightening cap, and resale. The results suggest that dominant firms can utilize energy-emissions market linkages to simultaneously inflate the price of energy and suppress the price of emissions allowances. Whereas under prior market designs, regulators were concerned with dominant firms exercising their market power over the emissions market to exclude rivals and manipulate the permit market by hoarding permits; the results of this paper suggest that this strategy is less profitable to dominant firms in contemporary auction-based markets than strategic capacity withholding in the energy market and associated demand reduction in the emissions market.
Economic status and survival of cancer patients

The relation of economic status to survival was studied for 39 kinds of cancer representing all types for which 60 or more indigent patients were seen in University of Iowa Hospital for primary care during the years 1940-1969. For every type the indigent patients had poorer survival than non-indigent patients. Quality of care would be eliminated as a major variable since a second group of "ward" patients of higher economic status was available for comparison and the differences were substantially greater between the two groups of teaching patients than between the "clinic pay" and "private" patients. Age differences and differences in stage of disease accounted for less than half of the survival deficits in the indigents. The two important problems were high mortality from causes other than cancer and excess cancer mortality not accounted for by stage differences, particularly among patients who should have had 5-year survival rates between 40 and 70%. In these patients cancer recurred more often and earlier among the indigent. We postulate host differences associated with poverty that could also account for much of the observed Black-White differences as well as some international differences in cancer survival rates.
Marcumar [3-(l'-phenyl-propyl)-4-hydroxy-coumarin]. A New Anticoagulant

Marcumar [3-(1'-phenyl-propyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin] is a new anticoagulant. Marcumar acts more rapidly than Dicumarol, but not quite as rapidly as Tromexan. The action is more prolonged than Dicumarol. As with other anticoagulants, the administration of Marcumar requires conscientious observation and accurate prothrombin complex determinations.
The contributions of aspirin and microbial oxygenase to the biosynthesis of anti-inflammatory resolvins: Novel oxygenase products from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Abstract Resolvins (Rvs) are oxygenated products derived from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid that carry potent protective bioactions present in resolving inflammatory exudates. Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is biosynthesized in vivo from EPA via transcellular biosynthetic routes during cell–cell interactions, and thus RvE1 is formed in vivo during multicellular responses such as inflammation and microbial infections. RvE1 protects tissues from leukocyte-mediated injury and counterregulates proinflammatory gene expression. These newly identified Rvs may underlie the beneficial actions of ω-3 PUFAs especially in chronic disorders where unresolved inflammation is a key mechanism of pathogenesis. Here, we present an overview of the biosynthesis of RvE1, with a focus on the aspirin-triggered and microbial P450-initiated pathways. The generation of RvE1 and its actions appear to dampen acute leukocyte responses and facilitate the resolution of inflammation.
Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte oxidative metabolism by exogenous phospholipase C.

Abstract We studied the effects of exogenous, purified phospholipase C (PLC) on neutrophil oxidative metabolism, lysosomal enzyme release and aggregation. We found that PLC inhibited O 2 − and H 2 O 2 generation and oxygen consumption, but did not alter glucose oxidation via the hexose monophosphate shunt. In contrast, we found a striking stimulation of aggregation and release of the lysosomal enzymes lysozyme and β-glucuronidase. In experiments designed to further characterize the mechanism of the PLC effect on membrane activation we studied the effect of PLC on intracellular calcium concentration [Ca 2+ ] i and found that PLC did not interfere with the fMLP-mediated rise in [Ca 2+ ] i , suggesting that its inhibitory effect on the respiratory burst does not involve inhibition of early signal transduction events. In addition, we found that PLC alone results in mobilization of intracellular Ca 2+ stores, consistent with its stimulatory effect on aggregation and lysosomal enzyme release.
Performance Measures for Selection of Metamodels to be Used in Simulation Optimization

This paper points out the need for performance measures in the context of simulation optimization and suggests six such measures. Two of the measures are indications of absolute performance, whereas the other four are useful in assessing the relative performance of various candidate metamodels. The measures assess performance on three fronts: accuracy of placing optima in the correct location, fit to the response, and fit to the character of the surface (expressed in terms of the number of optima). Examples are given providing evidence of the measures' utility—one in a limited scenario deciding which of two competing metamodels to use as simulation optimization response surfaces vary, and the other in a scenario of a researcher developing a new, sequential optimization search procedure.
Excretion of tiglyglycine in propionic acidemia

Tiglyglycine was found in the urine of two patients with propionic acidemia in whom tiglic aciduria was recently detected. This compound was not present in the urine of control subjects or of two other patients with propionic acidemia. The concentrations or tiglyglycine in the urine exceeded those of tiglic acid by 10 to 180 times.
Secondary generalization and categorization in pigeons

In Experiment 1, one group of pigeons learned to classify a set of stimuli into the human language classes cat, flower, car, and chair (categorization); another group learned to classify the same set into arbitrary classes (pseudocategorization). Then, both groups were trained on a new categorization task and their performance compared to that of a control group that had no initial classification training. Hull's (1943) notion of secondary generalization (generalization that is not based on physical similarity but on mediating associations) predicts that categorization experience will facilitate the learning of a new categorization task, whereas pseudocategorization experience will impair it. However, in Experiment 1, performance on the new categorization task was not differently affected by prior experience. In Experiment 2, pigeons initially trained to classify a set of 48 stimuli (original training) were later trained to classify a subset of four of these stimuli using new responses (reassignment training). Then, they were tested on the 44 remaining stimuli. Performance better accorded with original than with reassignment training, indicating that categorization training did not lead to the formation of equivalence classes of stimuli, in which the equivalence relationship is mediated by secondary generalization. The lack of evidence of secondary generalization implies that our pigeons failed to meet Lea's (1984) criterion for conceptual behavior.