cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Delaware's Irrelevance

According to its critics, most prominently Lynn LoPucki, Delaware has become so desperate for large corporate bankruptcy cases that it has diluted its oversight of these cases, resulting in a dramatic increase in repeated chapter 11 filings. This, Professor LoPucki argues, is evidence of corruption in the corporate bankruptcy system. The defenders of Delaware acknowledge the higher refiling rate in Delaware but argue that surely Delaware must offer some advantage, given the sophisticated parties that continually decide to file there. But all of this assumes that whether or not a case filed in Delaware is the proper criterion. Using a sample of 337 chapter 11 cases from Lynn LoPucki's Bankruptcy Research Database, I present a new regression model that predicts whether a large chapter 11 case will reenter bankruptcy within five years. Among the factors in the model are variables that capture debtor characteristics like asset size, variables that capture underlying economic conditions at the start and conclusion of the debtor's chapter 11 case, and variables that indicate whether or not the debtor was engaged in one of several key industries. None of the variables in the equation relate to whether or not the case filed in Delaware. In fact, the model's performance substantially declines upon the inclusion of Delaware. The model also performs much better than a simple model that tries to predict refiling solely based upon whether or not a case is filed in Delaware. My model does not conclusively prove Delaware's irrelevance to the issue of whether or not a case will enter bankruptcy again, but it challenges the faith that Delaware plays a key role in the problem of refiling and raises several additional important questions. Most notably, has the whole of bankruptcy scholarship been focused in the wrong place?
Use of Mueller-Hinton Agar as Amylase Testing Medium

Readily available Mueller-Hinton agar was used to detect starch hydrolysis by Streptococcus bovis.
Staging the Indian: The Politics of Representation

Staging the Indian: The Politics of Representation. The Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College. February 2, 2002–June 2, 2002.
Targeted noninvasive near-infrared fluorescence imaging of pancreas: Appropriate arsenal for the deliveryman.

B20 To enhance targeted molecular diagnostic efficacy and therapeutics, the carrier’s nonspecific interactions need to be minimal. Apart from the stability issues, easy conjugation chemistries and sensitive reporter detection system are essential. Here we exploited the high affinity between the neutravidin and biotin for in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF imaging) of pancreas. Dyes that have a large stokes shift (LSS-Dye) (>80 nm) in the near infrared range was conjugated to neutravidin and utilized for targeted molecular imaging. Biotinylated exendin-4, a potent glucagons-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor antagonist was linked to the LSS conjugated neutravidin to target the GLP-1 rich pancreas. LSS dyes attached delivery system enabled maximal fluorescence signal while overcoming autofluorescence issues and minimizing nonspecific binding. NIRF imaging of the target positioned through various axial rotation angles obtained using a novel animal rotation stage further exemplifies the potential for LSS Dye-neutravidin scaffold as an efficient in vivo imaging agent. Apart from insulinomas, GLP-1 receptors are enriched in other tumors. Further, such a diagnostic and therapy monitoring system can be easily applied with emerging cancer biomarkers.
Dynamics of three-dimensional thin film rupture

Abstract We consider the problem of thin film rupture driven by van der Waals forces. A fourth-order nonlinear PDE governs the low Reynolds number lubrication model for a viscous liquid on a solid substrate. Finite-time singularities in this equation model rupture leading to formation of dry spots in the film. Our study addresses the problem of rupture in the full three-dimensional geometry. We focus on stability and selection of the dynamics determined by the initial conditions on small finite domains with planar and axisymmetric geometries. We also address the final stages of the dynamics — self-similar dynamics for point, line, and ring rupture. We will demonstrate that line and ring rupture are unstable and will generically destabilize to produce axisymmetric rupture at isolated points.
Counterion effects on protein adsorption equilibrium and kinetics in polymer-grafted cation exchangers.

Abstract Protein binding equilibrium and mass transfer kinetics are studied for cation exchangers containing charged polymer grafts as well as for a macroporous matrix in pH 5 acetate buffers using sodium, tetra-n-butylammonium (TBAH), arginine, and calcium as counterions and a monoclonal antibody (mAb) as a model protein. Dynamic light scattering shows that there is no significant effect of the counterion type on the mAb aqueous diffusivity. The counterion type also does not affect substantially the structure of the polymer grafts, nor does it affect the stoichiometry of the protein ion exchange process. While no counterion effects are also observed on the protein mass transfer kinetics for the macroporous matrix, very large effects are seen for the polymer grafted matrices with protein adsorption rates increasing dramatically in the order Ca++ > Arg+ > Na+ > TBAH+. This order is the same order in which the relative protein binding strength decreases. Accordingly, the counterions leading to weaker protein binding also lead to faster protein diffusion. Although the quantitative aspects are different, the same trends hold for different proteins (lysozyme and lactoferrin) and for an agarose-based matrix also containing grafted polymers (Capto™ S). The underlying mechanism is qualitatively consistent with protein transport occurring through a hopping process driven by the adsorbed protein concentration within the apparently flexible network structure formed by the grafted polymers. From a practical viewpoint, the results show that improved protein adsorption kinetics in polymer-grafted cation exchanger and, hence, improved performance, can be obtained by selecting particular counterions.
Behavioral Measures of Saccade Latency and Inhibition in Manifest and Premanifest Huntington's Disease

ABSTRACT Initiation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements has been shown to be impaired in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and premanifest gene carriers (PMGC), and may provide biomarkers useful in tracking phenotypic change. Computerized behavioral tests of prosaccade latency and disinhibition presented to 31 non–gene carriers (NGC), 25 PMGC, and 12 HD patients. These tests provided quantitative performance measures without use of eye-tracking equipment. Significant differences on saccade tests were found, with PMGC intermediate between NGC and HD patients. Saccade latency discriminated PMGC from NGC, whereas saccade disinhibition discriminated PMGC from HD patients. Results suggest utility of behavioral saccade measures as premanifest indicators of phenoconversion in HD.
A validated risk model for 1-year mortality after primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator placement

Objective We sought to determine survival for patients with heart failure after an implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention in the United States and to develop a simple model that would predict mortality risk. Background Clinical trials have found that patients with heart failure with a 1-year mortality risk near 20% may not benefit from an ICD. Methods We identified patients from the ICD Registry of the National Cardiovascular Disease Registries who underwent ICD implantation for primary prevention from 2007 to 2009. Two risk scores for mortality were developed in 2 cohorts: one limited to those with a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) value and a second for all patients. The scores were obtained from derivation datasets and tested in a validation sets using logistic regression models and classification and regression trees. Results In a primary prevention population with BNP available (18,725) the 6 variables most predictive of 1-year mortality were age ≥75, BNP ≥700 pg/mL, chronic lung disease, dialysis, blood urea nitrogen ≥30 mg/dL, and systolic blood pressure Conclusions A simple validated risk score can identify patients at high and low risk for death within a year after ICD placement. A large fraction of those currently implanted with an ICD in the United States have a high 1-year mortality and may not benefit from ICD therapy.
Meta-RaPS with Path Relinking for the 0–1 multidimensional knapsack problem

The rapid increase of dimensions and complexity of real life problems makes it more difficult to find optimal solutions by traditional optimization methods. This challenge requires intelligent and sophisticated algorithms to make the right decisions given a set of inputs and a variety of possible actions. In the problem solving arena, this definition is transformed into the term of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence emerges in metaheuristics via memory and learning in algorithms. Many successful metaheuristics employ “intelligent” procedures to obtain high quality solutions for discrete optimization problems. To demonstrate the contribution of memory and learning into metaheuristics, Path Relinking will be incorporated into Meta-RaPS (Metaheuristic for Randomized Priority Search) which is classified as a memoryless metaheuristic. The 0–1 multidimensional knapsack problem will be used to evaluate the proposed algorithm.
Affection and attention: On the phenomenology of becoming aware

Addressing the matter of attention from a phenomenological perspective as it bears on the problem of becoming aware, I draw on Edmund Husserl's analyses and distinctions that mark his “genetic” phenomenology. I describe several experiential levels of affective force and modes of attentiveness, ranging from what I call dispositional orientation and passive discernment to so-called higher levels of attentiveness in cognitive interest, judicative objectivation, and conceptualization. These modes of attentiveness can be understood as motivating a still more active mode of reflective attention, i.e., philosophical attentiveness, and to this extent, even it would be subject to varying influences of affection. What role, if any, does affection play in a peculiar kind of reflective attention that is phenomenological? I conclude by briefly considering phenomenological reflective attentiveness and its relation to affection.
The solution structure of the complex formed between alpha-bungarotoxin and an 18-mer cognate peptide derived from the alpha 1 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica.

Abstract The region encompassing residues 181–98 on the α1 subunit of the muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor forms a major determinant for the binding of α-neurotoxins. We have prepared an 15N-enriched 18-amino acid peptide corresponding to the sequence in this region to facilitate structural elucidation by multidimensional NMR. Our aim was to determine the structural basis for the high affinity, stoichiometric complex formed between this cognate peptide and α-bungarotoxin, a long α-neurotoxin. Resonances in the complex were assigned through heteronuclear and homonuclear NMR experiments, and the resulting interproton distance constraints were used to generate ensemble structures of the complex. Thr8, Pro10, Lys38, Val39, Val40, and Pro69 in α-bungarotoxin and Tyr189, Tyr190, Thr191, Cys192, Asp195, and Thr196 in the peptide participate in major intermolecular contacts. A comparison of the free and bound α-bungarotoxin structures reveals significant conformational rearrangements in flexible regions of α-bungarotoxin, mainly loops I, II, and the C-terminal tail. Furthermore, several of the calculated structures suggest that cation-π interactions may be involved in binding. The root mean square deviation of the polypeptide backbone in the complex is 2.07 A. This structure provides, to date, the highest resolution description of the contacts between a prototypic α-neurotoxin and its cognate recognition sequence.
Magnetic resonance imaging of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

This study investigates the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MR) in identifying avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head and in monitoring its therapy. The detection of AVN, particularly in its early stages, is imperative to give therapeutic intervention the best opportunity for successful management. The results of magnetic resonance imaging are compared with those of the standard diagnostic modalities in evaluation of patients with the lesion. Examinations were performed at 0.12 T with a repetition time (TR) of 143 ms and times to echo (TE's) of 10 or 20 ms. This study represents a retrospective review of 90 hips which were examined in 45 consecutive patients. Of these, 52 hips were biopsied as part of treatment. MR was shown to be sensitive in the detection of AVN. Comparison of MR with radionuclide imaging showed comparable sensitivity and specificity. MR was also noted to be sensitive in the detection of early AVN. Preliminary results suggest that MR can monitor treatment of the affected hip, and may even be able to predict patient response to therapy. Although further work is necessary to determine the role of MR in the evaluation of the patient presenting with hip pain, MR is a sensitive method in detecting AVN and in monitoring its course in patients suspected of having the disease.
Programming Languages for the Humanities

W ith over 120 higher level languages in existence [1],and with a few new ones and a great number of variants and dialects appearing each year, this survey can take only a broad look at a few major languages currently used by scholars and students in the humanities, summarizing the most pertinent characteristics of each. The languages considered here are ALGOL, APL/360, BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, PL/I, SNAP, and SNOBOL. Many specialized languages such as LISP, and COGO, and those with one-of-a-kind compilers must be omitted. No conclusion is reached as to which language is best, "best" being relative to the task at hand, the budget, the programmer's experience, what is available, how much time is allowed, inter-machine compatability, and a host of other factors. Nor is this article a tutorial on programming or using these languages. But for the user who is about to begin some task and is lucky enough to have more than one language to choose from, the comments below may be of some aid. The humanities user who has access to any higher level language should not be deterred because it is not, according to received opinion, the most suitable for his intended application. Any language can be bent to his purpose, and usually with much greater success than opponents of that language would grant.
Using Action Research to Engage K-6 Teachers in Nature of Science Inquiry as Professional Development

Teachers are required to work with data on a daily basis to assess the effectiveness of their teaching strategies, but may not approach it as research. This paper presents a reflective discussion of how and when a professional development team used an action research project to help 12 K-6 teachers explore the effectiveness of reform based Nature of Science (NOS) teaching strategies in their classrooms. The team encouraged community development and provided “just in time” supports to scaffold the steps of the action research process for teachers. The discussion includes concerns they addressed and issues related to management and support of the professional development model. Evaluation results are shared to suggest how this approach can be improved in the future.
Cervical cancer screening among immigrants and ethnic minorities: a systematic review using the Health Belief Model.

AbstractObjective.To systematically review all studies examining sociocultural factors influencing cervical cancer screening among immigrant and ethnic minorities in the United States along the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model.Materials and Methods.MEDLINE/PubMed, Cumulative Index to
Accident Forgiveness in the Automobile Insurance Contract

I present a two-period asymmetric learning model to study accident forgiveness as an optional insurance policy in the automobile insurance contract. Accident forgiveness, often considered as “premium insurance,” protects the insured against a premium increase if an at-fault accident occurs. By offering this feature to all policyholders at the beginning, I design an accident forgiveness policy that charges policyholders higher-than-market premiums based on their risk types in the first period and then experience rates both types in the second period contingent on their previous at-fault accidents. In this model, experience rating still serves as the sorting device although its effectiveness is tempered by the presence of an accident forgiveness policy. Moreover, I find that both individual time and risk preferences contribute to the accident forgiveness purchases.
Cerebrovascular lesions in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Cerebrovascular lesions were seen in 28 of 83 cases (34%) of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Cerebral hemorrhage was noted in 4 cases, cerebral infarct in 23 cases and both in 1 case. Cerebral hemorrhage was in various locations such as intraparenchymal, subarachnoid space, subdural space and epidural space. Large, clinically evident hemorrhage was noted in 2 of 5 cases and bleeding tendency was noted in 2 cases. Most of the 24 cases with cerebral infarcts were not clinically evident; they were multiple, small and mainly involved the striatum, cerebral cortex and brain stem. Mural thickening of occasional small blood vessels was seen in 12 of the cases (50%) with infarcts. Other changes in blood vessels included vasculitis in one cases and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in another. In addition to thrombo-embolism and systemic ischemia/anoxia, these blood vessel changes may have a role in the development of cerebral infarcts in AIDS.
Let’s Pretend!: Children and Joint Action

According to many, joint intentional action must be understood in terms of joint intentions. Most accounts of joint intention appeal to a set of sophisticated individual intentional states. The author argues that standard accounts of joint intention exclude the possibility of joint action in young children because they presuppose that the participants have a robust theory of mind, something young children lack. But young children do engage in joint action. The author offers a revision of Michael Bratman’s analysis of joint intention that reflects the socio-cognitive abilities young children do have. This revision makes sense of joint action among young children and equally well explains simple joint actions involving adults.
Design and fabrication of a sensor integrated MEMS/NANO-skin system for human physiological response measurement

Human state in human-machine systems highly affects the system performance, and should be monitored. Physiological cues are more suitable for monitoring the human state in human-machine system. This study was focused on developing a new sensing system, i.e. NANO-Skin, to non-intrusively measure physiological cues from human-machine contact surfaces for human state recognition. The first part was to analyze the relation between human state and physiological cues. Generally, heart rate, skin conductance, skin temperature, operating force, blood alcohol concentration, sweat rate, and electromyography have close relation with human state, and can be measured from human skin. The second part was to compare common sensors, MEMS sensors, and NANO sensors. It was found that MEMS sensors and NANO sensors can offer unique contributions to the development of NANO-Skin. The third part was to discuss the design and manufacture of NANO-Skin. The NANO-Skin involves five components, the flexible substrate, sensors, special integrated circuit, interconnection between sensors and special integrated circuit, and protection layer. Experiments were performed to verify the measurement accuracy of NANO-Skin. It is feasible to use NANO-Skins to non-intrusively measure physiological cues from human-machine contact surfaces for human state recognition.
Intact B-cell activity is essential for complete expression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats.

Abstract B-Cell activity in weanling Lewis rats was inhibited by injections of goat anti-rat mu-chain antiserum (GAMS) from birth on, as demonstrated by markedly reduced or absent myelin basic protein (MBP) binding activity of sera. Following challenge with guinea pig spinal cord (GPSC)-complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and continued GAMS treatment, all rats remained clinically well without a trace of neurological signs. Histopathologically, central nervous system (CNS) perivascular fibrin deposits, typically accompanying paralytic signs of the disease, were virtually absent in GAMS-treated rats, despite occurrence of perivascular cell infiltrates of variable degrees of severity. In addition, preliminary studies of plastic embedded tissues suggest that demyelination is appreciably reduced in GAMS-treated and challenged rats. In contrast, control littermates similarly treated with normal goat serum (NGS) or normal goat IgG (NGIgG) and challenged, developed typical paralytic signs and perivascular fibrin deposits characteristic focal perivascular cellular infiltrates and demyelination of EAE, as well as anti-MBP antibodies.
Pooled Analysis of C-Reactive Protein Levels and Mortality in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Abstract Introduction Previous studies have reported that higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are significantly associated with worse outcome in prostate cancer patients. The size of each individual study was not large enough to allow sufficient statistical power to draw conclusions. We conducted a pooled analysis of individual data of published studies to evaluate the association between increased CRP level and risk of death in prostate cancer, and to find the best CRP cutoff that could predict mortality. Materials and Methods Original research studies on prostate cancer survival and CRP levels were identified (n = 6). Corresponding authors were contacted and invited to share individual data. Two data sets were received (235 patients). The combined hazard ratio (HR) was calculated and adjusted for age, prostate-specific antigen, hemoglobin, and alkaline phosphatase. The best cutoff of CRP was explored using X-title software version 3.6.1. Results High CRP level was statistically significantly associated with mortality (meta-HR, 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.51-2.21]), without evidence of heterogeneity among studies. At pooled analysis, adjusted pooled HR for CRP Conclusion Increased CRP levels are associated with overall survival in prostate cancer patients. Because CRP is an affordable and readily available assay, it might hold promise in improving prognostication and potentially to predict the activity of specific therapeutic agents.
Young low-income ethnic minority children watch less television when their mothers regulate what they are viewing.

Aim Parenting practices can reduce how much television (TV) children watch. This study evaluated the longitudinal association between maternal regulation of TV content and the amount of TV watched by low-income ethnic minority children.
Microextensions on Chang's liver cells as observed throughout their division cycle.

Abstract Synchronized Chang's liver cells, harvested by trypsinization and inoculated onto glass coverslips, were observed after various intervals by placing the coverslips and cells in a scanning electron microscope. Interphase cells were seen to lie flat against the glass while cells preparing to divide retracted into a rounded-up configuration. Microextensions on cells in interphase were only a few microns long and extended from most of the cell surface. Longer microextensions extended from the base of cells rounded-up for division while those over the rest of the surface disappeared. It is suggested that some of the short microextensions of interphase cells attach to the glass and remain attached as the cell divides. These could serve to hold the cell in place during mitosis and to provide guidance for the daughter cells to spread over a previously prepared surface.
The Influence of the Grower Diet and Fat in the Layer Diet on Performance of Turkey Hens

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the composition of the grower diet and fat in the layer diet on Broad Breasted Large White turkey hens. In Experiment 1, the turkey hens were fed corn-soybean meal diets containing zero and 3% added fat from 12 to 32 weeks of age. In Experiment 2, they were fed a corn-soybean meal basal and a high fiber diet containing 26% wheat bran. In Experiment 1, during the laying phase, hens were fed a cornsoybean meal basal. This diet was also fed in Experiment 2; however, one-half of the hens on each diet were fed a breeder diet with 8% added fat. The addition of fat to the grower diet in Experiment 1 increased hatchability of fertile eggs. The feeding of the high fiber diet in Experiment 2 decreased body weight at 29 weeks. Feed intake and body weight were increased in the laying house when hens were grown on the high fiber diet. However, other production parameters were not affected by grower diet. The addition of fat to the layer diet resulted in increased egg production, fertility, and body weight. Other production parameters were not affected.
Preparation and characterization of Ba2YCu3O7.01(2)

Abstract Samples of Ba 2 YCu 3 O 7 were prepared both by ceramic techniques using BaCO 3 , Y 2 O 3 , and CuO as well as by the decomposition of the corresponding nitrates. The preparations by each method are discussed and compared. In addition, the chemical instability of the pure phase Ba 2 YCu 3 O 7 in moist air is discussed.
Vasopressor receptor antagonist prevents behavioural effects of vasopressin

The antidiuretic hormone vasopressin1 also has a direct vasoconstrictor effect on the smooth muscles of the vascular system2. This may be physiologically significant3, but higher doses of the hormone are required in conscious subjects than when the autonomie nervous system is depressed by anaesthesia or ganglionic blocking agents2. Vasopressin may also function as a releaser of corticotropin4,5, in the maintenance of learned avoidance behaviours and in memory consolidation6–8. Although these functions are controversial9–11, it is of interest that corticotropin12,13 and other peptides cleaved from the propiocortin14 precursor also influence avoidance behaviours13. Here, we have examined a highly potent peptide analogue15 of arginine vasopressin (AVP) for its ability to antagonize the pressor and behavioural responses to AVP in conscious rats. Our results indicate that doses of AVP which prolong extinction of active avoidance behaviour for several hours after subcutaneous injection8,13,16, also produce early pressor responses. Conversely, we also find that doses of the antagonist peptide, 1–deaminopenicillamine, 2–(O-methyl)tyrosine AVP (dPTyr-(Me)AVP), which can prevent the pressor response15, also abolish the effects of subcutaneously injected AVP on prolongation of extinction. This blockade indicates that signals from peripheral visceral sources may have an important role in the subsequent behavioural changes, and suggests that the receptors at which AVP elicits its pressor effect are similar to those leading to its behavioural action.
Heart disease prevention for Alaska Native women: a review of pilot study findings.

Background: Although historically Alaska Native women have had a relatively low incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), this pattern has changed dramatically in recent years. Alaska Native leaders have identified decreasing cardiovascular risk as an intervention priority. Methods: From October 2000 to April 2001, Southcentral Foundation, an Alaska Native-owned and managed health corporation in Anchorage, conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial of a heart disease prevention program tailored for Alaska Native women. The aim was to assess feasibility and cultural acceptability and to develop enrollment procedures. Of 76 women who enrolled, 44 were randomized to the intervention group. Thirty-seven of 44 attended at least two intervention sessions, 23 completed prequestionnaires and postquestionnaires, and 27 returned for 12-month follow-up screening. Thirty of 32 control group participants returned for 12-month follow-up screening. The intervention included 12 weekly sessions on lifestyle change and...
Consultant, clone thyself!

The university user community is constantly expanding and becoming more diverse. Providing high quality consulting services to this group places increased demands on centralized user services organizations. At the same time, computing centers face budgetary and time constraints. Consequently, user services organizations must employ innovative means to insure that available expertise meets user needs without reduction or degradation of service. An expert system can be the answer. This paper focuses on the development and implementation of a problem-solving expert system for the User Services staff of the University of Tennessee Computing Center. SolveIt, built with IBM's Expert System Environment, has application as both a staff training tool and a user-accessible production system. The paper concludes with a discussion of experiences from using the system and suggestions for expanding it.
Dose-Intense Chemotherapy Every 2 Weeks With Dose-Intense Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone May Improve Survival in Intermediate- and High-Grade Lymphoma: A Phase II Study of the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG 9349)

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that therapy of intermediate- and high-grade (excluding Burkitt lymphoblastic) lymphoma with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) could be safely dose-intensified with routine filgrastim support. Patients and Methods: Eligible patients were those who were previously untreated and who had either bulky stage II, or stage III or IV lymphoma with working formulation histology D, E, F, G, H, or J; performance status ≤ 2; and acceptable end organ function. No upper age limit was specified. Therapy was dose-intensified CHOP (CHOP-DI) with filgrastim support. Each course was repeated every 14 days for six planned courses. Results: Eighty-eight eligible patients were treated with CHOP-DI and had a median follow-up of 5.1 years on this phase II study, designated Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) 9349. The progression-free survival was 51% at 2 years and 41% at 5 years. The overall survival was 60% at 5 years. Three fatal treatment-related events occurred. O...
Travel fund awardees

The SIGCSE Board is pleased to share the results of the 2015 Travel Grant Program that provides up to $500 in travel support to Faculty who have never attended the SIGCSE symposium. This cycle there were ten applications, from which six awards were given. All six award recipients attended the 2015 Symposium.
Base strength of amines at high temperatures. Ionization of cyclohexylamine and morpholine

A potentiometric technique using a hydrogen electrode concentration cell with flowing solutions was employed to measure the ionization equilibria of cyclohexylamine and morpholine over the temperature range 50–295°C in dilute KCl media. Also, the isothermal pressure coefficients were determined to 250°C in the same media. Smoothing functions are presented which fit these and other selected data, and thermodynamic quantities for the ionization process were derived. Nearly linear variation of ΔH vsT ΔS was observed for this process as well as other similar reactions, and the significance is discussed. Differences in basicities of amines are found to decrease at elevated temperatures, and reversals in relative base strengths are seen.
Stress modulated alfven waves: A proposal for a sensitive way to measure piezogalvanomagnetic effects in semimetals

Abstract It is proposed that stress modulation of interference transmission detection of Alfven waves is a sensitive way to measure the effects of stress on the carrier mass density in semimetals.
Chapter 10 Exact Theoretical Studies of Small Hubbard Clusters

Publisher Summary The ability to synthesize small clusters containing a few atoms provides an opportunity to examine and tune fundamental physical and chemical properties. Numerical methods can provide significant insight. This chapter describes a number of surprising and novel results obtained using a combination of exact diagonalization of a many-body Hamiltonian and statistical mechanics. Microscopic studies, which account accurately for short-range dynamical correlations in finite clusters, are relevant with regard to understanding the physics of the underdoped high T c superconductors (HTSCs). Such studies are also relevant to nanomagnetism and spintronics applications. The geometry of an elementary building block (cluster), its orientation, shape, and position in two and three dimensions can be controlled in a multidimensional parameter space of interaction strength, magnetic field, electron concentration, and temperature. In a recent study, it was concluded that inhomogeneous clustered states should be considered as a new paradigm in condensed matter physics. The method developed in this chapter can be used to describe magnetic instabilities in the spin-tetrahedral systems in terms of weakly coupled tetrahedrons with a singlet-triplet gap and low-lying singlets. The (thermodynamical) theory presented provides a mechanism of phase separation into carrier-rich and carrier-poor regions observed in the HTSC cuprates; it has been able to predict some of the observations related to local electron pairing on the atomic scale. Although numerous properties including eigenvalues and susceptibilities, of Hubbard clusters have been calculated previously, many open questions remain with regard to microscopic origins of charge-spin separation, pseudogap behavior, and various scenarios of possible pairings at low temperature. This chapter searches for transitions, over an extended parameter space that includes variations in chemical potential, magnetic field, Coulomb repulsion, and temperature. Insight into the properties of Hubbard clusters are gained by monitoring weak singularities in susceptibilities over this extended parameter space.
Experimental study of the microstructural influence of the strain-softening behavior of cement mortar

The influence of sand grain size on the bridging stress-crack opening displacement curve has been investigated by the Post Fracture Tensile (PFT) testing technique. The PFT method is a well-established technique used in studies of wake-toughened ceramic systems. This method isolates and characterizes the role of microstructure in the development of closure stresses in the process zone. The critical stress was found to be higher for the coarse-grained specimen, but there was no influence of the sand grain size on the critical crack opening displacement. The stress-displacement curves, grain size distribution data, and SEM observation of the fracture surfaces suggest that the coarse sand grains are not very efficient in bridging the crack front and consequently give a negligible contribution to the load sharing event in the wake zone.
Herpesvirus hijacks an integrin.

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), an agent associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, binds to integrin α3β1 through its gB envelope glycoprotein, and thus gains entry into human fibroblasts. Based on an analogy with other microbial pathogens, integrin interaction with HHV-8 may induce signalling events that promote cell entry and perhaps facilitate disease progression.
Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the rib

Two cases of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the rib are presented. In one case the etiologic agent wasStaphylococcus aureus coagulasepositive and in the other it wasBacteroides corrodens. Although an uncommon disease, hematogenous osteomyelitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of destructive lesions of the rib. Anaerobic and aerobic cultures should be obtained for bacteriologic analysis.
A developmental study of ethanol effect on behavior and physical development in mice.

The eyes of DBA mouse offspring opened one day later than normal when the mothers took low doses of alcohol daily. No morphological abnormalities were found, and fertility, litter size. and litter viability were not affected significantly. However. these doses were sufficient to induce marked behavioral changes in the offspring.
Efficient synthesis of the C7-C20 subunit of amphidinolides C and F

Synthesis of the C7-C20 subunit of amphidinolides C and F has been accomplished utilizing a Me3Al-mediated ring opening of a vinyl iodide/allylic epoxide to establish the C12,13anti stereochemistry, an organolithium coupling/olefination sequence to construct the C9-C11 diene moiety and a sulfone alkylation/hydroxylation strategy to join the C7-C14 and C15-C20 fragments.
Fleet Dynamics of the Commercial Lake Trout Fishery in Michigan Waters of Lake Superior during 1929–1961

Abstract Understanding fishing fleet dynamics is important when using fishery dependent data to infer the status of fish stocks. We analyzed data from mandatory catch reports from the commercial lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ) fishery in Michigan waters of Lake Superior during 1929–1961, a period when lake trout populations collapsed through the combined effects of overfishing and sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus ) predation. The number of full-time fishermen increased during 1933–1943 and then decreased during 1943–1957. Addition of new fishermen was related to past yield, market prices, World War II draft exemptions, and lost fishing opportunities in Lake Huron and Lake Michigan. Loss of existing fishermen was related to declining lake trout density. Large mesh (≥ 114-mm stretch-measure) gill net effort increased during 1929–1951 because fishermen fished more net inshore as lake trout density declined, even though catch per effort (CPE) was often higher in deeper waters. The most common gill net mesh size increased from 114-mm to 120-mm stretch-measure during 1929–1957, as lake trout growth increased. More effort was fished inshore than offshore and the amount of inshore effort was less variable over time than offshore effort. Relatively stable yield was maintained by increasing gill net effort and by moving some effort to better grounds. Because fishing-up caused yield and CPE to remain high despite declining lake trout abundance, caution must be used when basing goals for lake trout restoration on historical fishery indices.
A group contingency for electricity conservation in master-metered apartments.

Two studies evaluated the effects of a group contingency on electricity conservation. In Study 1, residents of 166 apartment units in three towers held meetings and received biweekly payments of the value of electricity saved compared to predicted use. The group contingencies were initiated in each tower in a multiple-baseline design. The program produced substantial savings in one tower (11.2% of temperature-adjusted baseline), moderate savings in another (4.0%), and minimal savings in a third (1.7%). Overall, the residents saved 6.2%. In Study 2, residents of 255 apartment units, also in three towers, received the same treatment, except only 50% of the value of their savings were paid, and they received a one-time bonus of $5 for using ≥ 10% less than baseline. Towers in Study 2 showed savings of 9.5%, 4.7%, and 8.3%, an average of 6.9%.
Making a case for modifying the technology acceptance model to account for limited accessibility in developing countries

Globalization presents opportunities and challenges for developing regions such as sub-Saharan Africa as they seek to improve their levels of socioeconomic development. Processes of globalization increasingly depend upon information and communication technologies (ICTs), and these normally need modifications to fit local contexts. This requires that processes that affect interactions between global, regional, and local levels need to be understood. It appears reasonable to conjecture that understanding the roles or effects of socioeconomic and cultural factors (among others) would lead to more effective ICT policies for sustainable development at regional and local levels. Drawing on Sen's capability theory of human development, a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is presented, and validated by analyzing survey data gathered in two sub-Saharan African countries, although no claim is made as to the model's generalizability. Some diagnostics and prescriptions for how to effect sustai...
Dynamic memory allocation in computer simulation

e of 35 dynamic memory allocation algorithms when used to service simulation programs as represented by 18 test cases. Algorithm performance was measured in terms of processing time, memory usage, and external memory fragmentation. Algorithms maintaining separate free space lists for each size of memory block used tended to perform quite well compared with other algorithms. Simple algorithms operating on memory ordered lists (without any free list) performed surprisingly well. Algorithms employing power-of-two block sizes had favorable processing requirements but generally unfavorable memory usage. Algorithms employing LIFO, FIFO, or memory ordered free lists generally performed poorly compared with others.
Interleaved multichannel epimysial stimulation for eliciting smooth contraction of muscle with reduced fatigue

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) refers to the method by which sensory or motor functionality is restored through the use of coordinated stimulation of tissue. Our group has developed a mechanically conformable multielectrode array (cMEA) that can stimulate and record from the surface of muscles with high fidelity and low invasiveness, making the device well suited for various FES applications. The research presented here investigates the feasibility of using a cMEA to deliver asynchronous spatiotemporal stimulation patterns epimysially (on the surface of muscles). Specifically, we employ an interleaved stimulation protocol to achieve force responses with less fatigue and less ripple than those produced by standard simultaneous stimulation protocols delivered at high and low frequencies, respectively. This experimentation demonstrates that asynchronous spatiotemporal stimulation protocols delivered epimysially via a cMEA can improve the characteristics of the resulting force profiles.
Migma distribution functions and fusion rates

Abstract Using a circular orbit model appropriate to a Migma fusion device, analytical expressions are obtained for the particle density and the colliding pair distribution functions in terms of a parameter which specifies the central (“core”) density. Contrary to expectations, our distribution functions tend to favor colliding pairs with low relative velocities, and this tendency grows stronger as the central density increases. The reaction rate parameters for the d+d and d+3He fusion reactions have been calculated for a wide range of deuteron energies, and our resultant values are not only significantly smaller than those found by Maglich, but are also generally smaller than those obtained from a comparable Maxwell distribution. We also find that the total pair density and the resultant fusion rate increase remarkably little with large increases in the central density, so that this basic Migma characteristic does not appear particularly advantageous for fusion production.
Foraging Differences Between Native and Released Mississippi Sandhill Cranes: Implications for Conservation

The Mississippi sandhill crane (Grus canadensispulla) is an endangered resident subspecies of southern Mississippi. The native population, never estimated to be more than 60 birds, has slowly declined during the past 40 years (Walkinshaw 1949; Valentine & Noble 1970; Valentine 1982) to an estimated 30 + 8 birds in January 1984 (Dewhurst 1985). The 1984 estimate included 13 released cranes; one from hatch year (HY) 1979 released as a one-year-old, five from HY 1980, and seven from HY 1982 released as young-of-the year. Changing trends in land use from agriculture to forestry and discontinuance of an open-range policy have contributed to the decline (Valentine 1980). In 1974, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (usFws)
ROMANTICISM IN SPAIN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DRAMA

Author's summary.— Romanticism in Spain follows that in France. Romantic elements are old in Spanish literature. Some important romantic plays. Authors enjoy complete freedom. Romantic drama persistent.
Electromodulation of the Optical Properties of Gold

When a strong electric field is applied to the surface of a thin gold-film electrode in contact with aqueous electrolyte, we observe a change in the attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectrum of as much as 7%. The change was measured as a function of photon energy, angle to incidence, polarization, and electric field modulation frequency. It is shown that this effect is due to changes in the optical properties of the gold and not to changes in the electrolyte. The peak in this derivative ATR spectrum is at 2.5 eV, where the optical properties of gold are changing most rapidly with frequency. The effect is quantitatively explained by a shift in the optical constants of gold due to the change in electron concentration.
Melatonin and porphyrin in the harderian glands of the syrian hamster: Orcadian patterns and response to autumnal conditions

1. Adult male Syrian hamsters were killed at nine intervals during a 24 hr period in the autumn, after 2 months either indoors in controlled conditions or in natural outdoor conditions. 2. Harderian glands were taken for determination of N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) activities and melatonin and porphyrin concentrations. 3. Mean 24 hr Harderian NAT and melatonin values were lower outside than inside. 4. Twenty-four hour melatonin rhythms were detected with similar daytime (afternoon) acrophases in both environmental conditions. 5. An NAT rhythm was seen only in animals kept inside, with a circadian maximum in the late dark phase. 6. Mean 24 hr HIOMT activity was slightly higher outdoors than indoors, and 24 hr rhythms were not detected in either condition. 7. Mean porphyrin concentrations were higher outdoors, with 24 hr rhythms detected in both conditions and a significantly earlier nocturnal circadian maximum outdoors.
The dynamic effects of aggregate demand and supply disturbances: Another look

Abstract In a recent paper, Blanchard and Quah ( American Economic Review , 1989, 79, 655–673) propose a set of restrictions to identify the structural innovations from a reduced-form bivariate model of income growth and unemployment. Given the assumptions made by Blanchard and Quah on the time-series properties of the data, this paper demonstrates that their bivariate model is just a special case of Stock and Watson's Journal of the American Statistical Association , 1988, 83, 1097–1107) common trends representation. More importantly, this alternative representation allows the econometrician to test the long-run restrictions used by Blanchard and Quah to distinguish between demand and supply innovations.
Identifying, Measuring and Analysing Multidimensional Attributes for Design and Redesign Consideration

It is clearly not enough in product research to show that people prefer one product to another, but one must also show what attributes of the product cause them to prefer it. Saaty′s Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an appropriate method for measuring and analysing multidimensional attributes for design and redesign considerations. However, it is not reasonable to expect that consumers are able and willing pairwise to compare attributes, as Saaty′s method assumes. A methodology is proposed for transforming rank ordered data into pairwise comparison matrices, so that AHP can be used for measuring consumer preferences. The methodology is applied to the design of milk containers.