cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Usability of Semantic Web for Enhancing Digital Living Experience

The number of different types of devkes on the home network is expanding rapidly. While this explosion of innovation provides compelling new devices to consumers, there are challenges ensuring compatibility among these devices and providing a comprehensive user interface that supports consumers managing their digital content across several devices. The Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) has specified an architecture that enables interoperability between the various devices and allows a user to enjoy the desired content across several devices. To complement DLNA, we investigate ontological representation from semantic web technology to model the interaction between multiple home devices and to provide an enriched and more comprehensive metadata based multimedia search. This removes the user burden of searching each device individually. Development of a prototype incorporating these ideas has begun, using a well known semantic web toolkit Jena.
Expression QTLs: applications for crop improvement

In the past, plant breeders dealt with complex agronomic traits in crops, such as drought, pest resistance, yield, and standability, through field observations and standard breeding practices. The evolution to molecular breeding has yielded a deeper understanding of the interacting quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of the complex traits and has exposed underlying genetic variation useful in marker-assisted breeding. Current momentum in QTL analysis is toward understanding the genetic regulation of gene expression as studied by the quantification of transcript levels of genes, or expression QTL (eQTL). Large scale microarray studies have elucidated the genetic regulation of entire transcriptomes, in the process known as genetical genomics, and are beginning to build biochemical pathways of interacting genes on the basis of variations in transcript levels. In addition to understanding general patterns of gene expression, these genetical genomic studies are creating caches of information useful for a multitude of applications. As one gene regulates the level of expression of another (trans-acting eQTL), novel upstream or downstream components in gene regulation pathways can be identified. In addition to steady state analysis, the induction of stimuli such as drought can lead to a deeper understanding of gene networks that are activated under such conditions. Correlation of measured transcript levels (eQTL phenotype) with classic QTL phenotypes may suggest functional roles for the allelic variation in gene expression and serve as a predictor of downstream effects on plant development, morphology, and agronomic interest. Finally, the analysis of the activation of particular genes under steady state or external stimuli treatment provides insight into the functionality of endogenous promoters. While promoters used for transgenic expression have been thoroughly analyzed in model systems and model inbred lines, the understanding of agronomically important phenotypes may benefit from the analysis of genetic polymorphisms of trans-acting regulators affecting transgene expression, and therefore can allow for the optimization of expression both of current and future transgenic lines.
An investigation of the abnormal snoek peak in the iron-vanadium-nitrogen system

Abstract An experimental investigation of the anelastic behavior of the Fe-V-N alloy system was conducted to explain the occurrence of the additional internal friction (abnormal) peak which is observed when vanadium is added to the Fe-N system. Internal friction and stress relaxation experiments were performed in an inverted torsional pendulum and the effects of both vanadium and nitrogen concentration on the abnormal peak were examined. A curve fitting procedure was used to fit the abnormal peak with Debye peaks. The proposed defect model is consistent with the experimental and theoretical results and involves a nitrogen atom bound in a first neighbor tetrahedral position about the substitutional vanadium atom. The abnormal peak is thought to be due to interstitial nitrogen diffusion about the VN defect.
Acid-Tolerance Response in Helicobacter pylori and Differences between cagA+ and cagA− Strains

Helicobacter pylori cagA transcription and translation are maximal at pH 6 in stationary phase. The aim of this study was to determine whether H. pylori has an acid-tolerance response and whether that response is related to CagA expression, by investigating whether preexposure to pH 5 or 6 improved survival of cells subsequently exposed to pH 3. Cell number was determined after broth growth, after exposure to pH 5, 6, or 7, and then after a 30-min exposure to pH 3 without urea. H. pylori cells preexposed to pH 6 or 5 survived pH 3 exposure 100-fold better than did cells preexposed to pH 7. Cells of cagA + strains grown at pH 6 for 48 h, which induced maximal CagA expression, were significantly more susceptible to pH 3 than were wild type cagA - strains or isogenic cagA - knockouts. Thus, H. pylori strains possess a urea-independent acid-tolerance response. Differential acid susceptibility may contribute to preferential colonization of particular H. pylori strains in specific mucus layer niches.
Application-Driven Coordination-Free Distributed Checkpointing

Distributed checkpointing is an important concept in providing fault tolerance in distributed systems. In today's applications, e.g., grid and massively parallel applications, the imposed overhead of taking a distributed checkpoint using the known approaches can often outweigh its benefits due to coordination and other overhead from the processes. This paper presents an innovative approach for distributed checkpointing. In this approach, the checkpoints are obtained using offline analysis based on the application level. During execution, no coordination is required. After presenting the approach, the authors proved its safety and present a performance analysis of it using stochastic models
Predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study

Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death and results in significant morbidity. The purpose of this study is to determine what demographic, health status, treatment, access/quality of care, and behavioral factors are associated with poor glycemic control in a Type 2 diabetic, low-income, minority, San Diego population. Longitudinal observational data was collected on patients with Type 2 diabetes from Project Dulce, a program in San Diego County designed to care for an underserved diabetic population. The study sample included 573 patients with a racial/ethnic mix of 53% Hispanic, 7% black, 18% Asian, 20% white, and 2% other. We utilized mixed effects models to determine the factors associated with poor glycemic control using hemoglobin A1C (A1C) as the outcome of interest. A multi-step model building process was used resulting in a final parsimonious model with main effects and interaction terms. Patients had a mean age of 55 years, 69% were female, the mean duration of diabetes was 7.1 years, 31% were treated with insulin, and 57% were obese. American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommendations for blood pressure and total cholesterol were met by 71% and 68%, respectively. Results of the mixed effects model showed that patients who were uninsured, had diabetes for a longer period of time, used insulin or multiple oral agents, or had high cholesterol had higher A1C values over time indicating poorer glycemic control. The younger subjects also had poorer control. This study provides factors that predict glycemic control in a specific low-income, multiethnic, Type 2 diabetic population. With this information, subgroups with high risk of disease morbidity were identified. Barriers that prevent these patients from meeting their goals must be explored to improve health outcomes.
PEDSnet: How A Prototype Pediatric Learning Health System Is Being Expanded Into A National Network

Except for a few conditions, pediatric disorders are rare diseases. Because of this, no single institution has enough patients to generate adequate sample sizes to produce generalizable knowledge. Aggregating electronic clinical data from millions of children across many pediatric institutions holds the promise of producing sufficiently large data sets to accelerate knowledge discovery. However, without deliberately embedding these data in a pediatric learning health system (defined as a health care organization that is purposefully designed to produce research in routine care settings and implement evidence at the point of care), efforts to act on this new knowledge, reducing the distress and suffering that children experience when sick, will be ineffective. In this article we discuss a prototype pediatric learning health system, ImproveCareNow, for children with inflammatory bowel disease. This prototype is being scaled up to create PEDSnet, a national network that will support the efficient conduct of ...
Electromagnetically-induced Deformation of Functionalized Fabric

This work investigates the deformation of charged fabric via external electromagnetic fields. A reduced-order model is constructed by combining a yarn-segment network representation with dynamic discrete/lumped charged-masses. The deformation of the fabric is dictated by solving a coupled system of differential equations for the motion of the lumped charged-masses, which are coupled through the yarn-segments. Initially, the effects of the electric and magnetic fields are analytically studied for the components (yarn-segment network and charged-masses) that comprise the model. Quantitative numerical simulations are then provided for the entire, assembled, larger-scale, coupled system, based on a computationally-efficient time-stepping algorithm. The model is relatively easy to implement and provides analysts with a straightforward tool to study electromagnetic fabric systems.
Dust particulate-phonon interaction and the resulting instability

Summary form only given. A highly charged test dust-particulate placed in the sheath region of a low-temperature discharge plasma is known to form an oscillatory wake potential. the attractive interaction produced by such an oscillatory potential is considered to be responsible for the formation of plasma crystals. The dust particulate-phonon interaction Hamiltonian was derived and the resulting effective potential was found to agree with the wake potential derived by the test particulate method. The Hamiltonian formulation revealed that the wake potential is the result of interaction between a pair of dust particulates by exchanging phonons. We study the instability associated with the system in which a collection of dust particulates interact among themselves by phonon exchange. It is found that the system becomes hydrodynamically unstable. Such an instability may be relevant to the phase transition of a coulomb crystal observed experimentally in a radio frequency discharge chamber.
Experimental Verification of the End-Effect Weibull Model as a Predictor of the Tensile Strength of Kevlar-29 (Poly p-Phenyleneterephthalamide) Fibres at Different Gauge Lengths

This paper describes the first application of the four-parameter end-effect Weibull model as a predictor of tensile failure frequency at a gauge length different from that used to generate the model parameters. As-received Kevlar-29 fibres were tensile tested at gauge lengths of 10, 25 and 40 mm. The resulting failure data were used to determine four empirical constants using a maximum-likelihood regression. The model and parameters were used to predict failure frequency at a gauge length outside the initial range (5 mm). The results show that the end-effect Weibull model accurately represents the data from which its parameters are evaluated and that the model may be applied as an effective predictor for gauge lengths beyond the original testing range.
Smoking policies in U.S. hospitals: Current status

Abstract Hospitals can and should restrict cigarette smoking to promote a healthy environment and to exemplify health promoting behavior. Questionnaires to determine policies and programs relating to smoking were sent to the administrative heads of 360 randomly selected hospitals across the nation. Returns were received from 330 hospitals for a response rate of 91.7%. Only 1.2% of the hospitals surveyed totally banned smoking. Visitors, patients who smoked, and physicians were seen as most resistant to smoking restrictions. The majority of hospitals (56.0%) continued to sell cigarettes on the premises. States whose economies are involved with tobacco are more permissive than the others to a significant degree. Since the hospital administration is the primary force in implementing smoking policy, the smoking behavior of the administrator may affect institutional smoking policies. It does affect their attitude about hospital employee smoking and the health professional's responsibility about smoking to a significant degree. Thus, hospitals are not demonstrating leadership in creating safe nonsmoking environments for the patients, nor in offering smoking education programs to the community.
Calcium signaling and secretion in cholangiocytes.

Alcoholic hepatitis affects up to one-third of individuals who abuse alcohol and can be associated with high mortality. Although this disorder is characterized by hepatocellular damage, steatosis and neutrophil infiltration, recent evidence suggests that cholestasis or impaired bile secretion may be a frequent occurrence as well. Bile secretion results from the concerted activity of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts. Hepatocytes secrete bile acids and conjugated products into the bile canaliculi, which then are modified by cholangiocytes through secretion of bicarbonate and water to give rise to the final secreted bile. Here the molecular mechanisms regulating bile secretion in cholangiocytes are reviewed. Moreover, we discuss how the expression of intracellular Ca2+ channels might be regulated in cholangiocytes, plus evidence that components of the Ca2+ signaling machinery are altered in a range of cholestatic diseases of the bile ducts.
Lax–Hopf Based Incorporation of Internal Boundary Conditions Into Hamilton-Jacobi Equation. Part II: Computational Methods

This article presents a new method for explicitly computing solutions to a Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential equation for which initial, boundary and internal conditions are prescribed as piecewise affine functions. Based on viability theory, a Lax-Hopf formula is used to construct analytical solutions for the individual contribution of each affine condition to the solution of the problem. The results are assembled into a Lax-Hopf algorithm which can be used to compute the solution to the partial differential equation at any arbitrary time at no other cost than evaluating a semi-analytical expression numerically. The method being semi-analytical, it performs at machine accuracy (compared to the discretization error inherent to finite difference schemes). The performance of the method is assessed with benchmark analytical examples. The running time of the algorithm is compared with the running time of a Godunov scheme.
A decrease in temperature triggers a luminescent response in Noctiluca scintillans

Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid, a typical bioluminescent organism, is known to respond to a mechanical stimulus by emitting light. We found that a luminescent response could also be triggered by lowering the temperature of the environment, but not by raising it. This response was analyzed with respect to the rate of decrease in temperature. The results showed that the probability of the response was positively related to the rate of the decrease in temperature. The sites of initi- ation of the luminescent response were distributed randomly all over the surface of the cell body. The flash response that was triggered by a decrease in temperature was quite similar to that triggered by a mechanical stimulus at the lower temperature in terms of duration, as well as in terms of the velocity of expansion of the excited region. A fatal response, namely a slowly propagating flash (SPF), was also recognized.
Polarization and angle dependence for hyper-Rayleigh scattering from local and nonlocal modes of isotropic fluids

Collective modes of molecular motion result in long-range correlations between molecules. Orientation correlations between the molecules of an isotropic fluid owing to polar collective modes result in hyper-Rayleigh scattering with distinctive polarization and angle dependence. The polarization and angle dependence for hyper-Rayleigh scattering from polar transverse-optical and longitudinal-optical nonlocal modes, and for dipolar and quadrupolar hyper-Raleigh scattering from local modes, is calculated and compared.
ORIGIN OF THE MESCAL BEAN CULT

[156] In a recent issue of this journal, James H. Howard (1957) presents data which seem to indicate that a mescal bean cult preceded and was ancestral to the peyote cult in the Central and Southern Plains of North America. Howard discounts the generally accepted theory that the peyote ritual developed in the area centering around northeastern Mexico, and believes that many elements of the mescal bean cult originated among Central Algonquin peoples to the north. These ideas have been discussed by Weston La Barre (1957), who accepts the derivation of the peyote cult from a prior mescal bean cult but argues that plant distributions and culture history clearly point to a southern origin for both cults. In further support of a southern origin, La Barre cites two archeological occurrences of the mescal bean, one in Texas and the other in Chihuahua.
A characterization of binary decision diagrams

Binary decision diagrams (BDDs) are a representation of Boolean functions. Its use in the synthesis, simulation, and testing of Boolean circuits has been proposed by various researchers. In all these applications of BDDs solutions to some fundamental computational problems are needed. A characterization of BDDs in terms of the complexity of these computational problems is presented. A tighter bound on the size of an ordered BDD that can be computed from a given Boolean circuit is presented. On the basis of the results, a case is made for exploring the use of repeated BDDs, with a small number of repeated variables, and free BDDs for some applications for which only ordered BDDs have been used so far. >
Substance abuse treatment for mothers: Treatment outcomes and the impact of length of stay

This article examines the treatment outcomes of 305 women enrolled in a comprehensive, residential substance abuse treatment program for pregnant and parenting women and their children. The women were assessed at intake and three times in the year after discharge. Analyses focused on change in client functioning over time, and investigating the impact of length of stay in treatment on client outcomes. Comparisons of clients' functioning before and after treatment suggest significant improvements in a number of domains, including substance use, employment, legal involvement, mental health, parenting attitudes, and risky behaviors. For most outcome domains, results suggest that longer treatment stays are associated with more positive outcomes.
The ever-expanding neuropeptide gene families in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Neuropeptides act as chemical signals in the nervous system to modulate behaviour. With the ongoing EST projects and DNA sequence determination of different genomes, the identification of neuropeptide genes has been made easier. Despite the relatively ‘simple’ repertoire of behaviours in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, this worm contains a surprisingly large and diverse set of neuropeptide genes. At least 109 genes encoding over 250 potential neuropeptides have been identified in C. elegans; all genes are likely to be expressed and many, if not all, of the predicted peptides are produced. The predicted peptides include: 38 insulin-like peptides, several of which are involved in development and reproductive growth, and over 70 FMRFamide-related peptides, some of which are involved in locomotion, reproduction, and social behaviour. Many of the C. elegans peptides are identical or highly similar to those isolated or predicted in parasitic nematodes, such as Ascaris suum, Haemonchus contortus, Ancylostoma caninum, Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne arenaria, suggesting that the function of these peptides is similar across species. The challenge for the future is to determine the function of all the genes and individual peptides and to identify the receptors through which the peptides signal.
Psychophysiological characteristics of headache patients.

Abstract Migraine, muscle-contraction headache patients, and non-headache controls were physiologically assessed during self-selected ‘stressful’ and ‘relaxing’ imagery in headache and non-headache states. Musculoskeletal (frontalis, bilateral temporalis), vascular (heart rate, bilateral temporal artery pulse volume), and autonomic (skin conductance response) measures failed to differentiate the groups on resting response levels — in both headache and non-headache states. ‘Stressful’ imagery elicited greater reactivity than ‘relaxing’ imagery in all three response systems, regardless of headache type. However, a group by condition interaction eventuated only for the electromyographic measures, indicating that the muscle-contraction patients were significantly more reactive during stressful imagery than migrainers and controls.
New semi-empirical formulae for predicting soil solution conductivity from dielectric properties at 50 MHz

Summary Pore solution electrical conductivity (σw) is an important measurement for agricultural and environmental applications. Salt concentration can be predicted from σw and used to trace and monitor the transport of ionic solutes. Most models for predicting σw rely also on measurements of volumetric water content (θv). However, θv dependent estimations of σw are difficult to obtain because θv measurements are not always available and because of the complex nature of physicochemical interactions between soil and water. Electromagnetic sensors offer an alternative approach because estimations of σw can be obtained without direct knowledge of θv. We developed two semi-empirical formulae for predicting σw that are mathematically independent of θv. The new models are dielectric equivalents of the Rhoades type two-pathway models that are based on linear and power law solutions for the transmission coefficient. The models were fitted by nonlinear regression to a data set collected from different soil textures, and disturbance treatments, to predict known electrical conductivities of ∼0, 1.23, 2.41, 2.02 and 3.96 dS m−1. Average σw predicted by the new models compared well to known saturating solution conductivities (average R2 = 0.82 and average root mean square error of 0.80 dS m−1). The new models also compared well to models reported in the literature. The precision and accuracy of the estimates increased as σw increased, which might be related to a reduction of the influence of soil solid phase components on the estimates as σw becomes much higher than the solid phase conductivity.
The Weierstrass Necessary Condition

We return now to a consideration of further necessary conditions for a minimizing function x*(·) of the integral J(·). Thus far we have shown the necessity of the Euler condition in its various forms; we recall that it is a necessary condition for both a weak local, and hence a strong local as well as a global minimum and maximum of J(·). Now we shall deduce a condition, the Weierstrass† condition, that is necessary for a strong local, and hence a global minimum of J(·); it is not necessary for a weak local minimum.
Standard Functional Goals

PROBLEM Establishing realistic short-term and long-term goals for patients is often difficult for physical therapists in rehabilitation settings. Traditional terms used to document patient progress, such as “increase in strength” or “increase in range of motion,” do not relate to the patient's functional ability in activities of daily living. Inconsistencies in documentation may occur in a large department with many therapists. At the New Jersey Rehabilitation Hospital, medical audit showed therapists recording some functional activities but not others and using different interpretations of terms such as “independent” or “able to with assistance.” SOLUTION By group process, the physical therapy staff established a functional assessment to standardize evaluation and documentation procedures across patient populations. Ten functional goals were determined from problems that are frequently encountered by patients (Figure).…
A Primer on Digital Rights Management Technologies

There are a variety of digital rights management (DRM) technologies employed by content owners and publishers to protect creators, owners, and the integrity of the content itself. DRM technologies prevent unauthorized use by controlling access to and use of information. As such, DRM can hinder or threaten the effectiveness of information intermediaries such as libraries when they provide digital content controlled by DRM technologies that they themselves do not manage. Therefore, librarians need to be aware of commercial DRM applications and understand the various DRM technologies in this increasingly protected digital information age. The chapter is structured in three parts. First, it explores the four DRM schemes of prevention, restriction, deterrence, and detection. The various DRM tools and DRM systems and how they work are then explained. The discussion, while technical, avoids jargon and is easily accessible. The chapter concludes with advice for libraries on how to protect their digital resource investment when they do not control the related DRM.
The effect of moderate intensity exercise in the postprandial period on the inflammatory response to a high-fat meal: an experimental study.

Consuming a high-fat meal (HFM) may lead to postprandial lipemia (PPL) and inflammation. Postprandial exercise has been shown to effectively attenuate PPL. However, little is known about the impact of postprandial exercise on systemic inflammation and whether PPL and inflammation are associated. The purpose of this study was to determine whether moderate intensity exercise performed 60 min following a true-to-life HFM would attenuate PPL and inflammation. Thirty-nine young adults (18–40 year) with no known metabolic disease were randomized to either a control group (CON) who remained sedentary during the postprandial period or an exercise (EX) group who walked at 60 % VO2peak to expend ≈ 5 kcal/kgbw one-hour following the HFM. Participants consumed a HFM of 10 kcal/kgbw and blood draws were performed immediately before, 2 h and 4 h post-HFM. At baseline, there were no differences between EX and CON groups for any metabolic or inflammatory markers (p > 0.05). Postprandial triglycerides (TRG) increased from baseline to 4 h in the EX and CON groups (p 0.05). There was an increase in soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) from baseline to 4 h (p = 0.027) for all participants along with a group x time interaction (p = 0.020). Changes in TRG were associated with changes in interleukin-10 (IL-10) from 0 to 2 h (p = 0.007), but were not associated with changes in any other inflammatory marker in the postprandial period (p > 0.05). Despite significant increases in PPL following a HFM, moderate intensity exercise in the postprandial period did not mitigate the PPL nor the inflammatory response to the HFM. These results indicate that in populations with low metabolic risk, PPL and inflammation following a HFM may not be directly related.
Sändor Ferenczi: Forerunner of Modern Short-Term Psychotherapy

This essay will explore the early contributions of Sandor Ferenczi and their relationship to current psychodynamic perspectives on short-term treatment. Ferenczi'S development of the “active technique” and his later collaboration with Otto Rank influenced the works of Alexander and French, and the later writings of Malan, Davanloo, Sifneos, and Mann. Ferenczi'S emphasis on here-and-now transference interpretations and the importance of the patient'S emotional experience in treatment have proven to be enduring contributions to contemporary psychoanalytic practice.
A CASE OF PRIMARY BREAST LYMPHOMA WITH INVOLVEMENT OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

症例は56歳,女性.急激な乳房腫大を主訴に1999年1月11日当科を受診した.左乳房A領域に7cm大の腫瘤が触知され,穿刺針生検で悪性リンパ腫と診断した.腫瘤径が大きく皮膚欠損が予想されるため, CHOP療法1クールを行った後,非定型的乳房切断術昏 (Bt+Ax) を施行した.病理組織検査ではBcell lymphoma, diffuse, medium sized cell typeと診断された.術後, CHOP療法2クールを行い退院したが, 5月中旬から右顎下リンパ節と左前胸腹部皮膚に再発したためCHOP療法を追加(計5クール)した.その後, 10月中旬からふらつき,めまい,が出現し,頭部MRIで,悪性リンパ腫の中枢神経浸潤と診断した.悪性リンパ腫の中枢神経浸潤は非Hodgkinリンパ腫の9%にみられ,極めて予後不良である.今回,乳腺悪性リンパ腫の中枢神経浸潤例を経験したので,文献的考察を加えて報告する.
Quenching of the Perylene Fluorophore by Stable Nitroxide Radical-Containing Macromolecules

Stable nitroxide radical bearing organic polymer materials are attracting much attention for their application as next generation energy storage materials. A greater understanding of the inherent charge transfer mechanisms in such systems will ultimately be paramount to further advancements in the understanding of both intrafilm and interfacial ion- and electron-transfer reactions. This work is focused on advancing the fundamental understanding of these dynamic charge transfer properties by exploiting the fact that these species are efficient fluorescence quenchers. We systematically incorporated fluorescent perylene dyes into solutions containing the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) radical and controlled their interaction by binding the TEMPO moiety into macromolecules with varying morphologies (e.g., chain length, density of radical pendant groups). In the case of the model compound, 4-oxo-TEMPO, quenching of the perylene excited state was found to be dominated by a dynamic (collisional) pr...
Incident Emergency System Based on Workflow and Math Statistics for Water Supply Project

An automatic incident emergency plan based on service-oriented application(SOA) and workflow model which can prevent accidents and improve incident handling capability for long-distance water supply project is proposed.It can implement early detection of incidents,intelligent diagnosis and process automation and standardization.Then based on various history incident process information,through math statistical model each step of single incident emergency plans and property of kind,time,location,etc of danger total incidents are dealt with statistics,analysis,and exploration.Finally,the report of plan self-optimization and accident prevent may be obtained to achieve the incident pre-warning and decision-making support for manager procession.
Nonlinear Processing of Tactile Information in the Thalamocortical Loop

Ghazanfar, Asif A. and Miguel A. L. Nicolelis. Nonlinear processing of tactile information in the thalamocortical loop. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 506–510, 1997. Rats explore tangible objects in a manner...
Rehabilitative exercise for the cardiac patient. Early phase.

The early phase of cardiac rehabilitation includes coronary risk factor modification and exercise training. Appropriate electrocardiogram monitoring is beneficial in patient evaluation and is an extension of the baseline exercise testing. With careful recording and evaluation of hemodynamic and electrocardiogram data, patient care will be optimal and transfer to the maintenance phase of cardiac rehabilitation will be expedited.
Second autologous bone marrow transplantation in Hodgkin's disease

We report a case of sustained disease-free survival following second autologous marrow transplantation (BMT) in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma which had recurred following several conventional chemotherapy regimens as well as a prior autologous transplant. The initial autologous BMT was performed in fourth complete remission and followed high-dose cyclophosphamide, etoposide and thiotepa. The disease recurred 8 months later and the patient underwent a second ABMT following conditioning with busulfan and cyclophosphamide 1 year after his first transplant. Aside from slow engraftment, his course was uncomplicated. This patient remains in complete remission more than 4 years and 6 months following the second transplantation. This case demonstrates that second autologous transplantation can result in sustained disease-free survival in individuals with Hodgkin's disease with recurrence following initial transplantation.
Sign Language Versus Aided AAC

This chapter discusses the controversy relating to arguments in the field for and against the use of sign language versus aided AAC with individuals with ASD. The chapter provides a review of the characteristics that might indicate if an individual would be better suited to one than the other. A review of the research is provided, indicating comparisons between the techniques.
Optimal Lipschitz extensions and the infinity laplacian

We reconsider in this paper boundary value problems for “infinity Laplacian” PDE and the relationships with optimal Lipschitz extensions of the boundary data. fairly elegant new proofs, which clarify and simplify previous work, and may be characterized by a comparison principle with appropriate cones. We in comparison with cones directly implies the variational principle associated Liouville theorem for subsolutions bounded above by planes.
Integrating membrane distillation with waste heat from natural gas compressor stations for produced water treatment in Pennsylvania

Abstract Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) has immense potential in the desalination of highly saline wastewaters where reverse osmosis is not feasible. This study evaluated the potential of DCMD for treatment of produced water generated during extraction of natural gas from unconventional (shale) reservoirs. Exhaust stream from Natural Gas Compressor Station (NG CS), which has been identified as a potential waste heat source, can be used to operate DCMD thereby providing economically viable option to treat high salinity produced water. An ASPEN Plus simulation of DCMD for the desalination of produced/saline water was developed in this study and calibrated using laboratory-scale experiments. This model was used to optimize the design and operation of large scale systems and estimate energy requirements of the DCMD process. The concept of minimum temperature approach used in heat exchanger design was applied to determine the optimum membrane area for large scale DCMD plants. Energy analysis revealed that the waste heat available from NG CS is sufficient to concentrate all the produced water generated in Pennsylvania to 30 wt% regardless of its initial salinity.
Approaches to Repair of Ventral Hernia and Full-Thickness Losses of the Abdominal Wall

This article describes the causes, course, and treatment options for surgical repair of umbilical epigastric and incisional hernias. Special attention is paid to the full-thickness abdominal wall defects, which are particularly difficult wounds to close. A method of closure with Marlex mesh, followed by myocutaneous flap coverage, is discussed.
Counselor Self-care and Mindfulness

In recent years, self-care has become the topic of much discussion within the helping professions. The goal of this article is to examine the issue of counselor burnout prevention through the pract...
The global education policy of school-based management in conflict-affected contexts: Current reach, prominent rationales, and future research:

For those who focus on the role of education in international development, the approach to education governance of school-based management (SBM) has been the primary means by which the participatio...
Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy, Quo Vadis?

The treatment of malignancies has undergone dramatic changes in the past few decades. Advances in drug delivery techniques and nanotechnology have allowed for new formulations of old drugs, so as to improve the pharmacokinetics, to enhance accumulation in solid tumors, and to reduce the significant toxic effects of these important therapeutic agents. Here, we review the published clinical data in cancer therapy of several major drug delivery systems, including targeted radionuclide therapy, antibody–drug conjugates, liposomes, polymer–drug conjugates, polymer implants, micelles, and nanoparticles. The clinical outcomes of these delivery systems from various phases of clinical trials are summarized. The success and limitations of the drug delivery strategies are discussed based on the clinical observations. In addition, the challenges in applying drug delivery for efficacious cancer therapy, including physical barriers, tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and metastasis, are discussed along with future p...
ENHANCED VISUAL DISPLAYS FOR AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL COLLISION PREDICTION

Abstract Conventional air traffic control (ATC) displays are simple 2D overhead views using symbols and text to represent aircraft and their altitudes. To improve accuracy and timeliness of predicting aircraft collisions, several alternate 2D and 3D ATC displays involving multiple views and stereo perspective graphics were designed. Results from a series of experiments involving scenarios with varying numbers of aircraft indicate that a 2D graphical display with multiple views presents the information more effectively than the 3D displays or the conventional 2D display.
BIOGRAPHY OF THE B CELL

The in vitro stimulation of isolated B cells in fragment cultures has permitted the analysis of splenic B cells obtained from neonates and immune or non-immune adults with respect to several characteristics including a) specificity and hapten inhibitability of stimulation, b) dependence of stimulation on antigen concentration and carrier recognition, c) burst size and longevity of clones derived from stimulated cells, and d) immunoglobulin class and affinity of the antibody produced by such clones. The results indicate that there exist at least three types of B cells one of which predominates in spleens of neonates (neonatal B cells), a second which predominates in spleens of non-immune adults (primary B cells) and a third predominating in spleens of immune mice (secondary B cells).
Problems on Automatic Groups

This is a report on the organizational meeting of a seminar on automatic groups which took place at MSRI on 17 January 1989. Although the intention was merely to establish a time and a first speaker, Bill Thurston soon took the floor and one after another of the participants proposed questions on automatic groups, none of which could be answered at that time. It seemed worthwhile to record those questions asked as a guide to research into automatic groups. Participants proposing questions were Thurston, G. Baumslag, M. Shapiro, H. Short, and the author. We have not attempted to record who proposed what problem. After a draft of this note was sent to David Epstein, he proposed some problems he thought ought to be included. Geoff Mess also contributed suggestions after the first draft was circulated. He remarked that a notion of automatic groups was considered by Russian writers in the 1970’s; it is important to point out that this earlier notion has nothing to do with the notion introduced in [CEHPT], which is the subject of this problem set.
The Phenotype of ATP1A3+ Rapid-Onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism (RDP) is Broader than Previously Defined. (P5.039)

Objective: To update the phenotype of RDP based on a cohort of ATP1A3 mutation+ individuals. Background: RDP is caused by mutations of the ATP1A3 gene, which encodes the α3 subunit of the Na+/K+ ATPase. The published phenotype of RDP is typified by a rostral to caudal gradient of effect, bulbar dysfunction, and abrupt symptom onset. Our group has reexamined the RDP phenotype in a cohort of 53 mutation-positive subjects ( ATP1A3+ ) with 12 distinct mutations. Design/Methods: We analyzed the cohort with respect to mean Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating motor subscale (UPDRS3) and Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BMFDRS) scores, symmetric parkinsonism, and the presence of bulbar symptoms, a rostrocaudal symptom gradient, frontal lobe dysfunction, and cerebellar dysfunction. Results: Rapidity of onset ( ATP1A3 + individuals, but not universal (61%). Bulbar symptoms were present in 81% of ATP1A3 + subjects. ATP1A3 + individuals were dystonic and parkinsonian (mean±SD BMFDRS 47±33 and UPDRS of 44±23). Frontal lobe function measures (trailmaking, verbal fluency) were lower in the ATP1A3+ group than in a control cohort. Neither the presence of a rostrocaudal gradient nor symmetric parkinsonism were typical of the ATP1A3 + cohort. Only 5.8% of ATP1A3+ subjects displayed a rostrocaudal gradient and were about equally likely to have a symmetric or asymmetric parkinsonism (35% symmetric, 48% asymmetric). A subset (n=12) had formal cerebellar function scale assessments, and 17% of these showed cerebellar dysfunction. Conclusions: ATP1A3 + with RDP subjects typically show rapidity of onset, dystonia, parkinsonism, bulbar symptoms, frontal dysfunction, and possibly cerebellar dysfunction. Neither asymmetric parkinsonism nor the lack of a rostrocaudal gradient can be used to exclude a diagnosis of ATP1A3 + RDP. Our results are affected by the nonhomogenous distribution of mutations, which ranged from 1 instance to 16. Future directions include phenotypic analysis within and between mutation types. Study Supported by: This work was supported by R01NS058949 (PI: Allison Brashear) Disclosure: Dr. Haq has nothing to disclose. Dr. Snively has nothing to disclose. Dr. Suerken has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cook has nothing to disclose. Dr. Miller has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sweadner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ozelius has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brashear has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Ipsen, Revance, WorldMeds.
Plant virus-vector relationships.

Publisher Summary The chapter discusses a fairly comprehensive account of the main factors in relationships between plant viruses and their vectors. The vectors occur among almost every kind of organism that feeds upon plants and that the relationships consist of all grades from a purely mechanical contamination to a close biological relationship between virus and vector. Mechanical transmission of plant viruses in this context refers to a mode of transfer, in which there is no evidence of any biological relationship between virus and vector. The question as to whether some aphid borne viruses are mechanically transmitted is discussed in the chapter dealing with aphid-virus relationships, and with one exception, this chapter is concerned with virus transmission by insects with biting mouthparts. The methods of mechanical transmission dealt with, so far, have been concerned only with external contamination; there are, however, other examples of mechanical transmission in which more than this is involved. Biological transmission indicates a definite relationship between plant virus and insect vector. It has been seen something of this in the discussion of the viruses of potato leaf roll and Sonchus yellow vein and their aphid vectors, but it is in regard to some of the leafhopper-borne viruses that ones knowledge of this phenomenon is the greatest. It could be that in considering the vector transmission of plant viruses, observing the gradual extension of the host range of the viruses by long-continued association of insect and plant, with transmission an incidental factor arising out of this long-continued association.
Investigating Multiple-Reported Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infection Hot Spot Counties in the United States: Ordered Spatial Logistic Regression.

PURPOSE To identify and examine the correlates of multiple bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) hot spot counties in the United States. METHODS We assembled and analyzed 5 years (2008-2012) of cross-sectional STI morbidity data to identify multiple bacterial STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) hot spot counties using hot spot analysis. Then, we examined the association between the multi-STI hot spots and select multiyear (2008-2012) sociodemographic factors (data obtained from the American Community Survey) using ordered spatial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Of the 2935 counties, the results indicated that 85 counties were hot spots for all 3 STIs (3-STI hot spot counties), 177 were hot spots for 2 STIs (2-STI hot spot counties), and 145 were hot spots for only 1 STI (1-STI hot spot counties). Approximately 93% (79 of 85) of the counties determined to be 3-STI hot spots were found in 4 southern states--Mississippi (n = 25), Arkansas (n = 22), Louisiana (n = 19), and Alabama (n = 13). Counties determined to be 2 STI hot spots were found in 7 southern states--Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and North and South Carolina had at least ten 2-STI hot spot counties each. The multi-STI hot spot classes were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with percent black (non-Hispanic), percent Hispanics, percent American Indians, population density, male-female sex ratio, percent aged 25 to 44 years, and violent crime rate. CONCLUSIONS This study provides information on multiple STI hot spot counties in the United States and the associated sociodemographic factors. Such information can be used to assist planning, designing, and implementing effective integrated bacterial STI prevention and control programs/interventions.
From mixed effects modeling to spike and slab variable selection: A Bayesian regression model for group testing data.

Due to reductions in both time and cost, group testing is a popular alternative to individual-level testing for disease screening. These reductions are obtained by testing pooled biospecimens (eg, blood, urine, swabs, etc.) for the presence of an infectious agent. However, these reductions come at the expense of data complexity, making the task of conducting disease surveillance more tenuous when compared to using individual-level data. This is because an individual's disease status may be obscured by a group testing protocol and the effect of imperfect testing. Furthermore, unlike individual-level testing, a given participant could be involved in multiple testing outcomes and/or may never be tested individually. To circumvent these complexities and to incorporate all available information, we propose a Bayesian generalized linear mixed model that accommodates data arising from any group testing protocol, estimates unknown assay accuracy probabilities and accounts for potential heterogeneity in the covariate effects across population subgroups (eg, clinic sites, etc.); this latter feature is of key interest to practitioners tasked with conducting disease surveillance. To achieve model selection, our proposal uses spike and slab priors for both fixed and random effects. The methodology is illustrated through numerical studies and is applied to chlamydia surveillance data collected in Iowa.