cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Minimum Required Learning and Impact of Information Feedback Delay for Cognitive Users

This paper studies the value of learning for cognitive transceivers in dynamic wireless networks. We quantify the utility improvement that can be obtained by a wideband user that learns the stationary usage pattern of the spectrum occupied by narrowband users and, based on this learned information, adapts its transmission. Specifically, we investigate the basic tradeoff between the learning duration and the achievable performance in stationary environments. We apply optimization and large-deviation theory to analytically derive an upper bound of the minimum required learning duration, given the user's tolerable performance loss and outage probability. Furthermore, since learning techniques require the information feedback of the spectrum usage pattern between the transceivers, we investigate how a cognitive user can further improve its performance by taking into account its feedback delay. The impact of inaccurate delay estimation on the achievable performance is also quantified.
Multiobjective optimal suspension control to achieve integrated ride and handling performance

A multiobjective optimal control strategy is pursued for finding feedback control laws used in controlled suspensions for automotive vehicles. The balanced vehicle ride and handling performances are the main concern of the paper. The ride performance (car body performance) is characterized by an H/sub 2/ system norm, and the handling performance (wheel performance) is characterized by an H/sub /spl infin// system norm, and the control method optimizes the mixed H/sub 2//H/sub /spl infin// performances. The H/sub 2/ and H/sub /spl infin// system norms used in the mixed H/sub 2//H/sub /spl infin// performance optimization are scaled by the corresponding open-loop norms such that the relative importance of the individual variables can be reflected in the performance index for the vector variables. The comparison between passive and controllable suspensions shows in simulation the advantages of this optimal control strategy. The simulation result also shows that the invariant point for controlled suspensions in the quarter car case exists in the seven degree-of-freedom model.
Censorship resistant publishing through document entanglements

Summary form only given. Today, most documents available over the the Internet are easy to censor. Each document can usually be traced back to a specific host or even the individual responsible for publishing the document. Someone wishing to censor a document can use the courts, threats, or some other means to force the host administrator or author to delete a particular file. Clearly, a censorship resistant system must replicate a published document across many hosts. We propose a system, named Tangler, that we believe provides some incentive to retain such documents and solves the document naming problem. Tangler is a censorship resistant distributed file system that employs a unique document storage mechanism.
Approximation of topological relations on fuzzy regions: an approach using minimal bounding rectangles

Topological relations among spatial objects with indeterminate boundaries constitute an active area in GIScience. This paper addresses the problem of fuzzy boundaries in particular in regions with smooth variation of their attributes. The work approach presented here allows us to model, in a more realistic way, geographic phenomena like air pollution and storm intensity. Broad fuzzy boundaries are represented as a set of the /spl alpha/-cuts nested around the minimum bounding rectangle enclosing the fuzzy region.
A lighter side of calcium: role of calcium and dairy foods in body weight.

This review explains the physiological involvement of calcium in overweight/obesity (as it is understood now) and presents some of the studies where this role has been documented, as well as those reporting no effect of Ca on body weight/composition. Based on much of the presently reported data, Ca and even more so dairy foods, might help in weight reduction/maintenance when combined with energy-restricted diet. The scientific community is in agreement that there is a pressing need for large clinical trials to assess the effect of Ca on weight reduction and to investigate whether weight loss could be achieved easier with Ca supplements or dairy products. It has yet to be learned what amount of Ca would be optimal for those purposes and what influence, if any, an individual’s current Ca intake and existing weight might play. Additionally, it is still hard to pinpoint which component(s) in dairy foods have a role in weight reduction and whether they act alone or in synergism with Ca. Considering the overwhelming prevalence of overweight/obesity and consequences to population health and economic burden it entails, it is of crucial importance to develop strategies to curtail the problem of obesity from all fronts and the one involving Ca seems quite promising. However, more research in this area is necessary.
A phase I trial of weekly gemcitabine administered as a prolonged infusion in patients with pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors.

Purpose: Pharmacological studies of gemcitabine (2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine) have shown that increased levels of the active triphosphate metabolite are achieved by prolonging infusion time while holding the dose rate constant. The primary aim of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of gemcitabine administered as a fixed rate infusion (10 mg/m2/min) on a weekly schedule in patients with untreated non-hematologic malignancies. Patients and methods: Twenty-seven patients (21 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 3 hepatoma, 1 neuroendocrine tumor, and 2 adenocarcinoma of unknown primary) were enrolled in this open-label, non-randomized study. Three different entry dose levels (1200 mg/m2, 1500 mg/m2 and 1800 mg/m2) were evaluated for gemcitabine administered on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Results: The MTD was defined as 1500 mg/m2 with granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia being dose-limiting. There were no non-hematological dose limiting toxicities. The maximum WHO grade 3 or 4 toxicities for hemoglobin, leukocytes, neutrophils, and platelets for all doses of gemcitabine administered were 11.5%, 30.8%, 57.7%, and 26.9%, respectively. Non-hematologic toxicities included nausea, vomiting and fever. Four patients were withdrawn from the study for non-hematological toxicities: pneumonitis, ascites, disabling fatigue, and an acute myocardial infarction. Two of these events were severe (pneumonitis and myocardial infarction) but these may not be related to drug administration. Conclusion: Gemcitabine administered at a rate of 10 mg/m2/min was tolerated up to 1500 mg/m2 in patients with previously untreated non-hematologic malignancies. Myelosuppression seen in this study is more severe than anticipated based on previous reports of bolus administration of similar doses of gemcitabine. This supports earlier studies suggesting that prolonged duration of infusion increases the intracellular accumulation of active metabolites of gemcitabine.
Comparative Response of Lean or Genetically Obese Swine and Their Progeny to Severe Feed Restriction During Gestation

Genetically obese (O) or lean (L) primiparous gilts were assigned on the day of mating to an adequate [control (C) or restricted (R)] intake of feed. Body weight and ultrasonically estimated backfat depth were recorded at wk 0 (mating), 4, 8, 12 and 16 of pregnancy, and at d 2-3, 21 and 28 of lactation. Number of pigs born, survival rate to 28 d of age and piglet body weight at 0, 14, 21 and 28 d of age were recorded. Four male and four female progeny from each diet group of each genetic strain were slaughtered at 6 mo of age for carcass and organ weight measurements. OR and LR gilts responded similarly to feed restriction in body weight change, backfat depth and plasma traits. Body weight increased throughout gestation in OC and LC gilts but decreased about 6 kg in OR and LR gilts. Backfat remained relatively constant throughout gestation in OC and LC gilts but declined steadily in LR and OR gilts. There were no genetic group x diet interactions for any trait measured. Litter size and piglet survival were not affected by diet or genetic group, but piglet birth weight and daily gain to d 28 and to wk 25 were lower in both R groups. Backfat accretion and other indices of carcass fatness were reduced in progeny of R dams.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
THE DEVELOPMENTAL ROLE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX SUGGESTS A MONOPHYLETIC ORIGIN OF THE KINGDOM ANIMALIA.

The fundamental events of early development are similar in all animals, including sponges. Recent developments in the molecular biology of the extracellular matrix strongly suggest that the molecular mechanisms behind these events are also similar among all animals. I propose that the complex (collagen, proteoglycan, adhesive glycoprotein, and integrin) system that mediates cell motility and transitions between epithelial and motile cell types is central to multicellularity in animals. I further propose that the extracellular matrix is a deep rooted homology that unites the kingdom Animalia into a monophyletic group of multicellular organisms.
The Use of Surface Faults for Estimating Design Earthquakes; Implications of the 28 October 1983 Idaho Earthquake

Comparison of surface ruptures of the 28 October 1983 Idaho earthquake to other historic surface ruptures such as the 1915 Pleasant Valley and 1954 Fairview Peak, Nevada earthquakes shows that maximum earthquake estimates for seismic design based on surface rupture can be misleading. Surface ruptures associated with these earthquakes are in a variety of geologic media ranging from valley alluvium to colluvium to bedrock, and occur at various positions relative to mountain fronts, all along the same rupture segments. Ruptures occurred both as continuous, interconnected segments and as discrete separated segments. Such characteristics indicate several pitfalls in the use of empirical fault-length data to estimate earthquake magnitudes for seismic-design purposes. The common practice of using well-defined surface fault segments instead of the entire length of the fault zone or fault system for estimating maximum earthquakes can lead to underestimating earthquake potential.
Past approaches and future directions for targeting tumor hypoxia in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck

Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) carries a poor prognosis. Tumor hypoxia (TH) has been implicated as one of many factors contributing to SCCHN recurrence. TH leads to radiation resistance by reversing radiation-induced DNA damage. Effective strategies to overcome TH may improve outcomes in patients with SCCHN. We searched the English literature on PubMed and reviewed the reference sections of key articles related to TH (publications spanning from the early 1900s to the present). We summarized the underlying theory of TH in SCCHN, methods for quantifying it, and the numerous therapies developed to modulate it. We included articles that set the foundation of TH as a theory and the most relevant articles published within the last 15 years related to TH quantification and therapeutic targeting. Despite extensive research, targeting TH in SCCHN has not become a part of routine clinical practice in North America, and we analyze the pitfalls in hypoxia research that have led to this failure. We propose that future studies should test a combined approach of targeting the immune system in addition to cellular pathways rendered aberrant in TH and should include development of novel surrogate markers of TH and/or TH imaging.
Hispanic or Latino Student Success in Online Schools

The purpose of this study is to examine graduation and dropout rates for Hispanic or Latino K–12 students enrolled in fully online and blended public school settings in Arizona. The independent variables of school type (charter vs. non-charter) and delivery method (fully online vs. blended) were examined using multivariate and univariate methods on the dependent variable’s graduation and dropout rates for Hispanic or Latino students. The results of this research study found a statistically significant difference when using multivariate analysis to examine school type (charter vs. non-charter) and delivery method (fully online vs. blended) on graduation and dropout rates. This finding warranted further univariate examination which found a statistically significant difference when examining delivery method on dropout rates. A comparison of mean dropout rates shows that Hispanic or Latino students involved in K–12 online learning in Arizona are less likely to drop out of school if they are in a fully online learning environment versus a blended learning environment. Students, parents, teachers, administrators, instructional designers, and policy makers can all use this and related research to form a basis upon which sound decisions can be grounded. The end result will be increased success for Hispanic or Latino online K–12 students not only in Arizona schools, but in many other important areas of life.
Use of a Double Cuff AMS800 Urinary Sphincter for Severe Stress Incontinence

Stress urinary incontinence in the male patient has been successfully treated with the artificial urinary sphincter. However, approximately 15% of the patients treated are still significantly wet despite some improvement with this device. These patients usually are almost totally incontinent before artificial sphincter implantation. Of 15 such patients 80% were rendered satisfactorily dry by adding a second sphincter cuff around the bulbous urethra. This double cuff technique increases the success rate with the AMS800 sphincter to greater than 95%.
Chiari Pelvic Osteotomy

The treatment of hip subluxation, whether from congenital disorders, neuromuscular problems, or acquired disease, remains a challenge. In particular, subluxation of the hip with secondary acetabular dysplasia is particularly difficult when the hip is irreducible and the triradiate cartilage is closed. Chiari in 1974 described a medial displacement osteotomy to be used in children and adults with hip dysplasia and poor joint congruency. Mid- to long-term results demonstrate that this osteotomy remains radiologically effective for at least 25 years. The Chiari osteotomy is an excellent salvage procedure for adolescent and young adults with limited osteoarthritis and hip subluxation and for children with spastic hip subluxation in the setting of closed triradiate cartilage, whose incongruity is not amenable to a re-directional osteotomy.
The Incidence of Listeria Species in Frozen Seafood Products.

Samples of frozen seafood products from several countries were tested for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria species using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Listeria isolation method. Of 57 samples tested, 35 contained Listeria species and 15 of 57 samples contained L. monocytogenes . Samples found positive included raw shrimp, cooked and peeled shrimp, cooked crabmeat, raw lobster tails, langostinos, scallops, squid and surimi-based imitation seafoods. Positive samples were obtained from nine different countries around the world.
The role of competition and regulation in stimulating innovation Telecommunications

The telecommunications sector is innovative and its innovations strongly affect the growth of the rest of the economy. While regulatory policy has therefore shifted towards innovation as its major goal besides enabling competition, there appear to be tensions between regulation, competition and innovation. This paper identifies as the roots of these tensions the consumer protection objective enshrined in regulatory legislation and the regulatory neutrality issues arising from stranded assets, loss of labor rents, loss of services by captive customers, and the threat to regulators from looming deregulation, all of which are associated with innovations. This paper identifies some similar threats to innovation in unregulated sunk-cost industries with a monopolistic incumbent. A very simple model shows that a comparison of innovation incentives in such an unregulated industry with a regulated one leads to ambiguous results. However, the prospect of converting a regulated industry into an unregulated one after the innovation has occurred will unambiguously increase innovation incentives. The paper identifies some inherent reasons why regulators may be biased against innovations.Nevertheless, non-regulated markets are not unambiguously more innovative than regulated ones.The sunkness of a legacy network presents a large innovation hurdle with or without regulation.Leaving an innovative new market unregulated unambiguously spurs innovation incentives.
A physics-based compact device model for GaN HEMT power devices

A physics-based analytical compact device model for an enhancement-mode Gallium Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) lateral power device structure is presented. The model was implemented in the Saber® simulator and the physics-based model parameters are specifically crafted so that they can easily be extracted from dc I-V and C-V data typically available in a datasheet. An 80 V, 90 A (420 A, pulse rated), 2.5 mQ commercial EPC device datasheet is used as an example in this paper to demonstrate the parameter extraction procedure for the compact model. The model has been validated against the turn-on and turn-off characteristics of a commercial EPC GaN device. The model is scalable and can be used for a wide range of commercial GaN devices by using the extraction procedure detailed in this work.
Book Review, Fighting Epidemics with Information and Laws: The Case of Sars in China

In Chinese Law on SARS, Chenglin Liu recounts the tale of China’s efforts to cope with the recent SARS epidemic. The outbreak of SARS coincided with the full session of the 10th National People’s Congress, which elected a new Central Government in response to governmental failures in dealing with the crisis. The new government’s “proactive” approach to addressing the epidemic was to enact new legislation, republish an important law, and issue authoritative interpretations of existing criminal law provisions.Liu offers a savvy analysis of why China’s centralized framework initially impeded the fight against SARS, and discusses the new government’s decisions to deal with SARS openly and to adopt an approach that placed a higher priority on public health and safety. Liu perceptively identifies serious shortcomings in the SARS laws, but also acknowledges their strengths and the progress they represent in building a Chinese legal system. For these reasons, Chinese Law on SARS is a valuable addition to the emerging English-language literature about the new legal system in China.
Exploring Adoption-Specific Curricula in Undergraduate and Graduate Degree Programs

The systemic impact of adoption suggests the need to explore adoption-specific curricula in baccalaureate and graduate degree programs. Using a convenience sample, the present exploratory study col...
Chapter Five - Endozepines

Since their introduction in the 1960s, benzodiazepines (BZs) remain one of the most commonly prescribed medications, acting as potent sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants. The primary neural action of BZs and related compounds is augmentation of inhibitory transmission, which occurs through allosteric modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced current at the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAAR). The discovery of the BZ-binding site on GABAARs encouraged many to speculate that the brain produces its own endogenous ligands to this site (Costa & Guidotti, 1985). The romanticized quest for endozepines, endogenous ligands to the BZ-binding site, has uncovered a variety of ligands that might fulfill this role, including oleamides (Cravatt et al., 1995), nonpeptidic endozepines (Rothstein et al., 1992), and the protein diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) (Costa & Guidotti, 1985). Of these ligands, DBI, and affiliated peptide fragments, is the most extensively studied endozepine. The quest for the “brain's Valium” over the decades has been elusive as mainly negative allosteric modulatory effects have been observed (Alfonso, Le Magueresse, Zuccotti, Khodosevich, & Monyer, 2012; Costa & Guidotti, 1985), but recent evidence is accumulating that DBI displays regionally discrete endogenous positive modulation of GABA transmission through activation of the BZ receptor (Christian et al., 2013). Herein, we review the literature on this topic, focusing on identification of the endogenous molecule and its region-specific expression and function.
Globalization and International Trade Effects on Employment and Prosperity

The effect of globalization and free trade on the level of unemployment in developed nations vs. employment growth in underdeveloped nations. Why attempting to stimulate employment by pursing a policy to increase exports relative to imports can lead to international competition that harms all nations engaged in international trade. Classical theory assumes changes in the exchange rate can solve all unemployment problems created by imports exceeding exports. The Keynes theory proposes a different policy to achieve a balance between imports and exports. This Keynes policy was suggested at the immediately after the Second World War Bretton Woods conference, but the policy was vetoed by the U.S. delegation. Nevertheless the relevance of correct policy was demonstrated by success of the 1948 U.S. Marshall Plan, based of the principles underlying the Keynes theory solution to resolve trade imbalances between imports and exports.
COOPER’S QUEER OBJECTS

AbstractQueer objects are crucial to the narrative strategies of Dennis Cooper’s George Miles cycle where they support his exhaustive inventory of what it means to have (in all senses) a sexual type. In Frisk (1991), Cooper transforms some objects into media to blur the boundaries between the writing subject and the objects he desires. The snuff photos, seen at too young an age, form the point of reference for Dennis the narrator’s erotic life but they acquire their force in a looping narrative structure that calls into question their status as representation as well as their capacity to communicate. The novel thus elicits a new theorization of the relation between objects and media that discloses the stakes for fiction in a queer subjectivity that takes the self as another object at the same time as it probes the limits of realism. I situate Cooper in a genealogy of autofiction that extends back to Marcel Proust and Jean Genet and forward to J.T. LeRoy, Ben Lerner, Maggie Nelson, and Sheila Heti. The ess...
Soluble inflammatory mediators induce transcriptional re-organization that is independent of dna methylation changes in cultured human chorionic villous trophoblasts.

Abstract The studies proposed here were undertaken to test the hypothesis that, under specific circumstances (e.g., a strong enough inflammatory stimulus), genes that are repressed at the maternal-fetal interface via DNA methylation might be de-methylated, allowing either a maternal immune response to the semi-allogenic fetus or the onset of early labor. Chorionic trophoblasts (CT) were isolated from fetal membranes, followed by incubation with medium from LPS-activated PBMC or resting PBMC medium for 2 h. RNA and DNA were isolated from the cells for RNA-seq and DNA methylation studies. Two hrs after being exposed to conditioned medium from LPS-activated PBMC, CT showed differential expression of 114 genes, all but 2 of which showed higher expression in the stimulated cells than is the unstimulated cells. We also identified 318 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that associated with 306 genes (155 protein coding genes) in the two groups, but the observed methylation changes had negligible impact on the observed transcriptional changes in CT. CT display complex patterns of transcription in response to inflammation. DNA methylation does not appear to be an important regulator of the observed transcriptional changes.
A New Method for Calculating Lotka’s r — The Intrinsic Rate of Growth in a Stable Population

The determination of the intrinsic rate of increase in a stable population involves finding the real root r0 of the following integral equation:
Surface Properties of Rhizobium meliloti Associated with Symbiosis

Earlier, we described mutants of R. meliloti SU47 deficient in extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) that make aberrant Fix- nodules1,2. Here, we report on other symbiotic mutants with altered lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and also on alterations in the membranes of bacteroids.
The Use of Alternative Substrates in the Study of Phosphorylase Phosphatase and Phosphorylase Kinase

Theoretical considerations are presented for the influence of a modifier on enzyme reactions that utilize other enzymes as substrates. Activation of phosphorylase phosphatase and inhibition of phosphorylase kinase by glucose-6-P is examined. No effect of glucose-6-P could be found on alternative peptide substrates, so the effect of glucose-6-P is on the protein substrate, phosphorylase. Initial rate studies show that glucose-6-P activates phosphorylase phosphatase by increasing the VM and inhibits phosphorylase kinase by altering the binding of phosphorylase b. A comparison is given of the action of phosphorylase phosphatase on phosphorylase a and peptide substrates in attempt to determine what factors are important in substrate recognition. A preliminary study of phosphorylase kinase with peptide substrates is also given.
PUMA: Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly

The General Motors PUMA development is an approach to the mechanization of relatively low volume automobile sub-assemblies. PUMA is a combination of robots, parts feeders, special purpose machines, and humans working in concert on an indexing conveyor or turntable.
Van Vleck Orbit-Lattice Interactions In Laz (Z=P,As,Sb,Bi)

Electron spin relaxation in magnetic insulators has been intensively studied for many years.1–4 The primary relaxation mechanism is phonon modulation of the crystal field of the magnetic ion.1 This orbit-lattice interaction should also be present in magnetic metals.5 However, in metals the magnetic spins can also transfer energy to the lattice by means of their exchange coupling to the conduction electrons. As a consequence in the great majority of metals studied to date, this relaxation mechanism via the conduction electrons dominates the spin relaxation, resulting in a linear dependence of EPR linewidth on temperature at liquid helium temperatures.6,7 In contrast it has been recently shown that8 in some Ce alloys the orbit-lattice interaction is the dominant relaxation mechanism at high temperatures. For this reason, in this paper the Van Vleck orbit-lattice interaction1 will be employed to calculate the relaxation rates of Ce3+ in LaZ (Z = P,As,Sb, and Bi). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper attempting to calculate the phonon- induced relaxation time in a metal.
A rabbit model of human familial, nonsyndromic unicoronal suture synostosis. I. Synostotic onset, pathology, and sutural growth patterns.

Poswillo has stated, “The more severe anomalies of the calvaria, such as plagiocephaly, Crouzon [syndrome], and Apert syndrome still defy explanation, in the absence of an appropriate animal system to study” (p. 207). This two-part study reviews data from a recently developed colony of New Zealand white rabbits with familial, nonsyndromic unilateral coronal suture synostosis. Part 1 presents pathological findings and compensatory sutural growth data from 109 normal rabbits and 82 craniosynostotic rabbits from this colony. Synostotic foci, onset, and progression were described in the calvariae from 102 staged (fetal days 21, 25, 27, 33; term = 30 days) fetuses (39 normal, 63 synostosed). Calvarial suture growth patterns from 10 to 126 days of age were assessed from serial radiographs obtained from 89 rabbits (70 normal rabbits and 19 rabbits with unicoronal suture synostosis) with amalgam bone marker implants. Perinatal results revealed that by fetal day 25 the synostotic focal point in synostotic rabbits consistently originated from the endocortical surface of the calvaria in the middle of the coronal suture at a presumed high-tension, interdigitating zone. Histological analysis revealed hyperostotic osteogenic fronts on the affected side compared with the unaffected side. Postnatal sutural growth data revealed a predictable pattern of plagiocephaly (contralateral coronal sutures growing more than ipsilateral sutures and ipsilateral frontonasal and anterior lambdoidal sutures growing more than contralateral sutures), which resulted in early cranial vault deformities and a double “S” shape torquing towards the affected side. The advantages and disadvantages of these rabbits as a model for human familial, nonsyndromic unicoronal suture synostosis are discussed, especially in light of recent cytokine and genetic findings from human craniosynostotic studies.
Abstract 1474: Identifying novel chromatin binding sites of nucleolin protein in cancer cells

Nucleolin is an important regulator of cell proliferation and has been reported to play a role in c-Myc transcriptional regulation. Elevated expression levels of nucleolin have been shown in a number of malignant cells, but how nucleolin contributes to cancer development and progression remains unknown. Recently, G-quadruplexes (G4s) have been shown in vivo to form in G-rich sequences with biological importance. Nucleolin has been reported to bind to G-quadruplexes for its biological functions. In particular, G4s have been shown to form in the MYC promoter and inhibit MYC transcription; nucleolin was found to display a remarkable binding affinity to the c-Myc promoter G4 over its best-known RNA target. CX-3543, the first-in-class G-quadruplex-targeting small molecule, was shown to induce nucleolin redistribution from the cell nucleolus to the cell nucleoplasm and apoptosis in cancer cells, which was suggested to act through the c-Myc promoter G-quadruplex. Therefore, unbiased analysis of the genomic binding sites of nucleolin in human chromatin is pivotal in understanding nucleolin9s biological functions. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, we demonstrated that nucleolin binds to the c-Myc NHE III 1 region in vivo. Using an anti-nucleolin antibody, the isolated DNA from the immunoprecipitated DNA-protein complexes from HeLa cells yielded numerous c-Myc promoter sequences that were determined by real-time PCR, suggesting the direct interaction between nucleolin and the c-Myc promoter G4-forming region in vivo. G4-interactive ligands have been shown to facilitate the formation of G4 structures in cells. To elucidate the association of nucleolin with G-quadruplexes in vivo, we monitored cellular localization of nucleolin before and after G4 ligand treatments and observed a rapid cellular translocation of nucleolin from the cell nucleolus to the cell nucleoplasm. Using ChIP coupled with next-generation sequencing analysis (ChIP-seq), we identified several binding sites of nucleolin in human chromatin. The determined chromatin binding sites of nucleolin will provide insights into the biological functions of nucleolin and its relationship with G-quadruplexes in cancer cells. Citation Format: Guanhui Wu, Buket Onel, Danzhou Yang. Identifying novel chromatin binding sites of nucleolin protein in cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1474.
Rapidly growing cardiac tumour in the right ventricle

A 77-year-old man with a history of Her2 negative, pancytokeratin-positive gastric cancer and synchronous grade 3a stage 2a follicular lymphoma (FLIPI score 3 at presentation) treated with chemotherapy was referred for transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) after a CT of the abdomen demonstrated an incidental low-density lesion in the right ventricle (RV) concerning for malignancy or thrombus. There was no mass present on TTE 2 months prior. Repeat TTE (figure 1) demonstrated a large echogenic mass causing right ventricular inflow and outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction. A cardiac MRI (figure 2) confirmed the presence of a heterogeneous mass with adherent superficial thrombus in the RV and extending into the RVOT, consistent in appearance with a tumour. On further review, a PET/CT performed 1 month prior to presentation showed a hypermetabolic node at the RV apex …
From Cognition to Curriculum to Scale

Abstract Most developers and publishers claim that their curricula or approach to teaching are based on research, but few explicate their claims. In this chapter, we briefly assess the state of affairs regarding “research-based curricula” and then address weaknesses in the field by presenting a model that is based on coordinated interdisciplinary research ranging from cognitive science to scale-up. We discuss the instantiation of that model with an early childhood mathematics curriculum, showing how a grounding in cognitive science allowed all components of the curriculum, professional development, implementation, and scale-up to benefit from a shared core of learning trajectories. We illustrate each of the phases of the Curriculum Research Framework by focusing on one learning trajectory, for the topic of subitizing. We document the efficacy of this approach and suggest it be tested at other grade levels and on other subjects.
Review: Bulldozer: Demolition and Clearance of the Postwar Landscape, by Francesca Russello Ammon

Francesca Russello Ammon Bulldozer: Demolition and Clearance of the Postwar Landscape New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2016, 400 pp., 70 b/w illus. $45 (cloth), ISBN 9780300200683 Narratives regarding the built environment of the post–World War II United States often emphasize the effects of clearance and the repercussions of urban, or suburban, “renewal.” In Bulldozer: Demolition and Clearance of the Postwar Landscape , Francesca Russello Ammon directs our attention to the act of clearance itself, both in the United States and abroad, focusing on the companies that benefited from demolition, the writers and artists who depicted changes on the land, and the machines that carried out the process. Ammon's protagonist in this story is the bulldozer: a powerful, relentless piece of motorized metal whose blades carved into untrammeled nature and plowed into existing urban landscapes, providing a sense of “progress” in the American imagination while exacting a staggering toll on the environment—and the mind. Friendly, smiling bulldozers may have graced the pages of several popular postwar children's books, but Ammon reminds us that the reality of demolition and clearance was not exactly the stuff of quiet bedtime reading. A wartime image of a menacing army of crawler tractors outfitted with bulldozer blades awaiting shipment to the Pacific battlefront greets the reader on Ammon's dust jacket and in the first chapter. A chilling photograph of young Presbyterian minister Bruce Klunder lying motionless after being crushed by a bulldozer during a 1964 protest against school segregation in Cleveland, Ohio, marks the book's concluding section. With some exceptions, the machines of modern renewal appear here as destructive, divisive, discriminatory, and demonic. They did not always seem so. Ammon tells a story that also underscores the pride Americans felt regarding the nation's engineering know-how and its ability to produce machines that could maneuver deftly through crumbling cities and across inhospitable landscapes, just as they did abroad during the war. She demonstrates …
“Time to Pretend”: The Emerging Adulthood of Indie Rock

Indie rock has long presented itself as a nontraditional and unconventional genre, one that has served more as an exploratory pathway than a stable career for its postcollegiate twenty-something mi...
Implications and outcomes of MRD-negative multiple myeloma patients with immunofixation positivity.

8034Background: Minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment in multiple myeloma (MM) has improved our ability to assess disease activity, resulting in more advanced prognostication. While MRD assessm...
Enduring rust: the persistence of low-tech pollution amidst New York’s high-tech revolution

In the early 2000s, New York’s political leadership began investing in ‘smart growth,’ an economic policy that promotes innovative, sustainable high technology research and manufacturing. Leaving b...
Analysis of Different Levels of Structured Reporting in Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Rationale and Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the most appropriate knee MRI report template that not only provides structure and consistency, but also allows enough narrative freedom for the logical organization of findings and improved communication with the orthopedic referral base. Materials and Methods Three fictitious knee MRI reports were created using templates with different levels of structuring: unstructured free text (FT), structured with headers (SH), and highly structured and itemized (SI). These were then distributed to clinicians in the orthopedics department at all levels of training along with a survey with numerical scoring questions on report readability, usefulness, and quality. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the data. Results Fifty-three surveys were completed with responses from residents, attendings, and physician assistants. The structured format with headers had statistically significant (p value Conclusion Based on responses to surveys of knee MRI report templates, our results show that our orthopedic clinicians prefer some level of structure in the reports but not the rigorous itemization of anatomic tissues. A “middle ground” reporting structure which includes headers for different anatomic compartments and allows for grouping of relevant pathology, is shown to be the preferred format.
20 – Printing Graphics

Publisher Summary This chapter illustrates the method for sending graphics output to a printer or ﬁle. Interactive Data Language (IDL) has a number of graphics device drivers to create printed output. The most commonly used are the PS and PRINTER devices. The PS_ON procedure can be used to switch the output to the PS (PostScript) device. When the graphics are complete, the PS_OFF procedure is used to send the output to the selected printer and switch back to the previous output device (typically the terminal screen). The PRINTER device is configured using the DIALOG_PRINTERSETUP and DIALOG_PRINTJOB functions. Printers must be available to the operating system before they can be configured with DIALOG_PRINTERSETUP. The PRINTER_ON procedure can be used to switch the output to the PRINTER device. When the graphics are complete, the PRINTER_OFF procedure is used to send the output to the selected printer and switch back to the previous output device (typically the terminal screen). Options for the various devices are set with the DEVICE command.
Real-world outcomes of venetoclax refractory multiple myeloma patients.

e20524Background: The BELLINI trial investigated the efficacy and safety of venetoclax (ven)/bortezomib (bort)/dexamethasone (dex) vs placebo/bort/dex in patients with bort-sensitive, early relapse...
Tomosynthesis-guided breast and axillary localizations: Tips and tricks

As tomosynthesis is rapidly adopted by breast imaging practices, tomosynthesis-guided procedures are increasingly being performed. Tomosynthesis-guided needle localizations are feasible and efficient and allow for localization of tomosynthesis-only findings or one-view findings, which may be difficult to localize under standard digital mammography. In this review, we describe our step-by-step approach for performing tomosynthesis-guided localizations of the breast and axilla using a standard tomosynthesis unit.
Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after colectomy for perforated diverticulitis: A case report

Abstract Introduction Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage can lead to acute adrenal insufficiency. This is a rare complication in the post-operative setting, and we present a case in which it developed after a colectomy for perforated diverticulitis. Presentation of case The patient is a 65-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, nausea, emesis, and hematochezia, and CT scan showing sigmoid diverticulitis with peri-sigmoid abscess. After a failure of non-operative treatment, she underwent Hartmann’s resection, and her post-operative course was complicated by refractory tachycardia, hypotension, hyponatremia, and nausea/vomiting. Bleeding, hypovolemia, and sepsis were ruled out. A CT scan showed enlarged poorly defined adrenals bilaterally, suggestive of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. Serum cortisol level was low and diagnostic of acute adrenal insufficiency. With intravenous steroid therapy (hydrocortisone), her vital signs, laboratory abnormalities, and diet intolerance all resolved. She was discharged on oral prednisone and continued long term. Discussion Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage is rare post-operatively and can lead to adrenal insufficiency. 15% of patients who die in shock have bilateral adrenal hemorrhage on autopsy, indicating the necessity of timely diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Corticosteroid therapy is the mainstay of treatment. Conclusion This case study illustrates that post-operative delay of progression or worsening of condition, with no alternative explanation, can be due to acute adrenal insufficiency resulting from bilateral adrenal hemorrhage, and timely diagnosis and treatment of this condition is paramount for a favorable outcome.
Photochemical synthesis and radical generation of the nickel-tin dimer [Ni(SnBut3)(CNBut)2(CO)]2

Abstract Ni(COD)2 reacts with But3SnH and CNBut at room temperature to afford the trigonal bipyramidal complex Ni(SnBut3)2(CNBut)3, 3. Exposing a solution of 3 to CO gas results in ligand exchange generating the pale yellow complex, Ni(SnBut3)2(CNBut)2(CO), 4. In the presence of light, a Ni-Sn bond in 4 is cleaved converting two equivalents of compound 4 into the deep purple nickel-tin dimer, [Ni(SnBut3)(CNBut)2(CO)]2, 5. The reaction is believed to proceed through radical mechanisms.
Insulators in Plants: Progress and Open Questions

The genomes of higher eukaryotes are partitioned into topologically associated domains or TADs, and insulators (also known as boundary elements) are the key elements responsible for their formation and maintenance. Insulators were first identified and extensively studied in Drosophila as well as mammalian genomes, and have also been described in yeast and plants. In addition, many insulator proteins are known in Drosophila, and some have been investigated in mammals. However, much less is known about this important class of non-coding DNA elements in plant genomes. In this review, we take a detailed look at known plant insulators across different species and provide an overview of potential determinants of plant insulator functions, including cis-elements and boundary proteins. We also discuss methods previously used in attempts to identify plant insulators, provide a perspective on their importance for research and biotechnology, and discuss areas of potential future research.
Climatic clustering and longitudinal analysis with impacts on food, bioenergy, and pandemics

Predicted growth in world population will put unparalleled stress on the need for sustainable energy and global food production, as well as increase the likelihood of future pandemics. In this work, we identify high-resolution environmental zones in the context of a changing climate and predict longitudinal processes relevant to these challenges. We do this using exhaustive vector comparison methods that measure the climatic similarity between all locations on earth at high geospatial resolution. The results are captured as networks, in which edges between geolocations are defined if their historical climates exceed a similarity threshold. We then apply Markov clustering and our novel Correlation of Correlations method to the resulting climatic networks, which provides unprecedented agglomerative and longitudinal views of climatic relationships across the globe. The methods performed here resulted in the fastest (9.37 x 1018 operations/sec) and one of the largest (168.7 x 1021 operations) scientific computations ever performed, with more than 100 quadrillion edges considered for a single climatic network. Correlation and network analysis methods of this kind are widely applicable across computational and predictive biology domains, including systems biology, ecology, carbon cycles, biogeochemistry, and zoonosis research.
Oxytocin promotes epicardial cell activation and heart regeneration after cardiac injury

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and frequently leads to massive heart injury and the loss of billions of cardiac muscle cells and associated vasculature. Critical work in the last two decades demonstrated that these lost cells can be partially regenerated by the epicardium, the outermost mesothelial layer of the heart, in a process that highly recapitulates its role in heart development. Upon cardiac injury, mature epicardial cells activate and undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to form epicardial-derived progenitor cells (EpiPCs), multipotent progenitors that can differentiate into several important cardiac lineages, including cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. In mammals, this process alone is insufficient for significant regeneration, but it may be possible to prime it by administering specific reprogramming factors, leading to enhanced EpiPC function. Here, we show that oxytocin (OXT), a hypothalamic neuroendocrine peptide, induces epicardial cell proliferation, EMT, and migration in a mature-like model of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived epicardial cells. In addition, we demonstrate that OXT is released from the brain into the bloodstream after cardiac cryoinjury in zebrafish, eliciting significant epicardial activation and promoting heart regeneration. Oxytocin signaling is also critical for proper epicardium and myocardium development in zebrafish embryos. The above processes are significantly impaired when OXT signaling is inhibited chemically and genetically through RNA interference. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing analyses suggest that the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway is the primary mediator of OXT-induced epicardial activation. Our research reveals for the first time a primarily brain-controlled mechanism that induces cellular reprogramming and regeneration of the injured heart, a finding that could yield significant translational advances for the treatment of CVD.
An Exponential Lower Bound on the Length of Some Classes of Branch-and-Cut Proofs

Branch-and-cut methods are among the more successful techniques for solving integer programming problems. They can also be used to prove that all solutions of an integer program satisfy a given linear inequality. We examine the complexity of branch-and-cut proofs in the context of 0-1 integer programs. We prove an exponential lower bound on the length of branch-and-cut proofs in the case where branching is on the variables and the cutting planes used are lift-and-project cuts (also called simple disjunctive cuts by some authors), Gomory-Chvatal cuts, and cuts arising from the N0 matrix-cut operator of Lovasz and Schrijver. A consequence of the lower-bound result in this paper is that branch-and-cut methods of the type described above have exponential running time in the worst case.
A Social History of the Deccan, 1300–1761: Eight Indian Lives

1. Pratapa Rudra (c.1289-1323) 2. Muhammad Gisu Daraz (1321-1421) 3. Mahmud Gawan (1411-81) 4. Rama Raya (1484-1565) 5. Malik Ambar (1548-1626) 6. Tukuram (1608-49) 7. Papadu (1695-1710) 8. Tarabai (1675-1761).