cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
READING HABERMAS READING FREUD

This paper will analyze Habermas' appropriation and re-interpretation of Psychoanalysis. The aim of such an enterprise is to view Habermas' transformation of psychoanalysis as a clue to his own ultimate philo? sophical commitments. His reading of psychoanalysis will not be con? trasted with some "true" or canonical reading of Freud, rather it will viewed in terms of its difference from other contemporary renditions of Freud, and as an indication of the structure of the conceptual appa? ratus in which this reading of psychoanalysis is to play a role. Haber? mas' Freud interpretation will be seen as offering an oblique glance into the "unsaid" of Habermas' text. Our reading of Habermas' reading of Freud will be in some respects a "symptomatic reading," which means that it will not simply ask if his interpretation is "correct" or "adequate," but rather ask why he is producing just this interpreta? tion, or misinterpretation, and not another ? "why" not in terms of historical influences but in terms of philosophical "motives." Let us begin by looking at the role Habermas wishes psychoanalysis to play in his philosophy, hot it is that it plays any role atall. It is far from self-evident why a philosopher whose roots are in Kant's transcenden? tal philosophy and German Idealism should call upon psychoanalysis, and in fact call on it to play a major role in his philosophical system. Psychoanalysis has two functions in Habermas' thought, on the one hand, it marks the limits of hermeneutics by establishing an inter? pretive framework, and on the other hand, it is an instance of a science where knowledge equals self-enlightenment, where knowledge directly serves an interest in emancipation. In Truth and Method (1975) and elsewhere, Gadamer argues that all explicitly formed judgments happen within a context of prejudgment. All stated knowledge exists within a horizon of implicit and silent pre? suppositions. The project of method is to disengage us from this hori
Cell envelope of Nitrosocystis oceanus.

The cell envelope of Nitrosocystis oceanus, a marine nitrifying bacterium, has been shown to be composed of seven distinct layers including an outer fibrous slime layer, a hexagonal layer comprised of 50 A subunits, a double-tracked layer consisting of 40 A subunits, two globular layers which are separated by a mucopeptide layer, and a plasma membrane. These studies show that N. oceanus cell envelopes differ from those found in Escherichia coli and other Gramnegative bacteria and illustrate the value of combining freeze-etching with other electron microscopic techniques for the study of bacterial cell envelopes.
An on-line string superprimitivity test

Abstract A string w covers another string z if every symbol of z is within some occurrence of w in z . A string is called superprimitive if it is covered only by itself, and quasiperiodic if it is covered by some shorter string. We present an on-line linear-time algorithm that tests if each prefix of an input string is superprimitive while the string is given a symbol at a time.
Determination of single particle mass spectral signatures from light-duty vehicle emissions.

In this study, 28 light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDV) were operated on a chassis dynamometer at the California Air Resources Board Haagen-Smit Facility in El Monte, CA. The mass spectra of individual particles emitted from these vehicles were measured using aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ATOFMS). A primary goal of this study involves determining representative size-resolved single particle mass spectral signatures that can be used in future ambient particulate matter source apportionment studies. Different cycles were used to simulate urban driving conditions including the federal testing procedure (FTP), unified cycle (UC), and the correction cycle (CC). The vehicles were selected to span a range of catalytic converter (three-way, oxidation, and no catalysts) and engine technologies (vehicles models from 1953 to 2003). Exhaust particles were sampled directly from a dilution and residence chamber system using particle sizing instruments and an ATOFMS equipped with an aerodynamic lens (UF-ATOFMS)...
Construction of B-spline approximations for use in numerical grid generation

Abstract Grid generation is concerned with discretizing surfaces and volumes in 3D space. The original surfaces defining a geometry might be given as a finite set of triangles/quadrilaterals (discrete form) or as parametrically defined surfaces (analytical form). A new interactive technique is presented for computing a B-spline approximation for geometries given in either form. The method requires user interaction for the selection of subsets of the given surfaces to be approximated. Once all subsets of surfaces have been approximated by B-spline surfaces, these are united yielding an overall C 2 continuous approximation.
Factors that Positively Affect Academic Performance of African American Football Student Athletes

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affected the academic persistence and graduation of African-American male student-athletes who participated in the sport of football at Southeastern Conference (SEC) institutions. This study differs from previous studies by concentrating on African-American male student-athletes who successfully navigated the academic processes of higher education and ultimately earned a degree. More often than not, research on the academic performance of African-American male student-athletes has been conceptualized from a deficit perspective focusing mainly on nonperformance. This study used a qualitative case study design to examine the experiences and perceptions related to academic persistence and graduation. Eighteen African-American males who are former student-athletes in the sport of football in the SEC and graduated were interviewed. A grounded theory approach was used in the analysis of the data. Six themes emerged from this study that appears c...
Detection of flaws in used railroad rail by ultrasonic inspection techniques

Abstract The qualitative differences in the responses of new and used rail to ultrasonic inspection have been known for some time. The material presented in this paper quantifies the actual responses obtained from a collection of four rail samples which are typical of rail used on United States' railways. One of the samples was new, and three were used. Reflection and refraction data obtained through the rail head and probe interface indicate that the material properties in the head of used rail are anisotropic. As a result of this anisotropy, ultrasonic rail inspection systems, calibrated according to Sneil's Law in an isotropic rail, may not be fully effective in locating transverse defects (taches ovales) in rail heads.
The role of head movement and pinnae in auditory localization in schizophrenia and psychosis

This experiment examined the hypothesis that schizophrenics are less able than normals to make use of information concerning self movement when performing auditory localization tasks, and, therefore apply an alternative localization strategy, probably involving use of the pinnae. In this study three groups (healthy controls, schizophreniform patients and chronic schizophrenics) were compared in four experimental conditions: (1) head-movement and free pinnae; (2) static head and free pinnae; (3) head movement and covered pinnae; and (4) static head and covered pinnae. All subjects perform better with head movement than without it, with pinnae than with covered ones. Schizophreniform patients were affected more than normals by pinnae covering. This difference did not reach significance when normals were compared with chronic schizophrenics. A pronounced susceptibility to pinnae manipulation, correlated with medication level, appeared in the combined patient group in the moving condition. It was suggested that schizophreniform subjects, as compared to healthy controls are more depended on pinnae generated information for auditory localization and less able to compensate for its absence with movement generated information. The possibility that the effect is related to psychosis as such, rather than to schizophrenia in particular, was considered.
Low Response Variability in Simultaneously Recorded Retinal, Thalamic, and Cortical Neurons

The response of a cortical cell to a repeated stimulus can be highly variable from one trial to the next. Much lower variability has been reported of retinal cells. We recorded visual responses simultaneously from three successive stages of the cat visual system: retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), thalamic (LGN) relay cells, and simple cells in layer 4 of primary visual cortex. Spike count variability was lower than that of a Poisson process at all three stages but increased at each stage. Absolute and relative refractory periods largely accounted for the reliability at all three stages. Our results show that cortical responses can be more reliable than previously thought. The differences in reliability in retina, LGN, and cortex can be explained by (1) decreasing firing rates and (2) decreasing absolute and relative refractory periods.
Families and Educators Together: Raising Caring and Peaceable Children

This article presents key information on the substance of developing family–educator partnerships to promote caring in children and families during the early childhood years. Specific strategies are presented and discussed with special emphasis on honoring parents and families in their journey to promote caring and peaceable children.
Removal of naturally occurring compounds by coagulation and sedimentation

Naturally occurring compounds are defined as all nonsynthetic materials of constant composition. The emphasis in this review is placed on the removal of humic materials, other organic compounds, trace metals, and certain inorganic ligands. Removal of the alkaline earths is not reviewed. Associations between different compounds, or between compounds of interest and naturally occurring particulates, are important and complex. In this context, the formation and removal of such aggregates is reviewed. As a result, the removal of particles by coagulation and settling is briefly discussed. The removal of certain synthetic compounds is also reviewed, to the extent that removal of such compounds is dependent on the removal of naturally occurring compounds. Both inorganic and organic coagulants are considered.
Induced resistance: from the basic to the applied.

Abstract Induced Resistance in Plants Against Insects and Diseases, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 26–28 April 2001.
Individual differences in self-assessed health: Gender, neuroticism and physical symptom reports

The current study utilized a path analytic strategy to examine the relationship between gender, neuroticism (N) and physical symptom reports. Trait self-focused attention and state negative affect (NA) were included as potential mediators. Results indicated that both gender and N have significant direct effects on symptom reports when considered in the same model. State NA partially mediated the relationship between N and symptom reports. Trait self-focused attention partially mediated the effects of N on symptom reports for women but not men. Findings are discussed with respect to the information processing aspects of individual differences in self-assessed health and directions for future research are suggested.
Color discrimination under reduced angular subtense and luminance.

Under reduced visual conditions, small area and low luminance, color discrimination for normal eyes deteriorates in a manner similar to that observed for tritanopic vision. The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify the reciprocal relation between area and luminance for conditions for which this loss of color discrimination occurs, for people with normal vision. Quadratic equations, ln s=a(lnF)2+b(lnF)+c, were obtained from the empirical data to describe the relationship between chromaticity discriminability, s, and luminous flux, F; where s=the standard deviation of color matches and F=ω34L (target solid-angle subtense, ω, and luminance L). The constants a, b, and c are different for the red–green and blue–yellow directions on the chromaticity diagram.
Magnetic resonance imaging of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection.

Summary MRI is an extremely useful technique for the evaluation of the thoracic aorta. It provides a comprehensive evaluation of all the important structures within the chest and allows for high-resolution imaging of both the aortic lumen and the wall itself. As such, it is a sensitive method for delineating the extent of disease branchvessel involvement, and superimposed complications. Technical advances, such as steppedtable MRA and bolus-timing strategies, continue to improve overall image quality. In addition, the recent development of blood-pool contrast agents may further impact the diagnostic yield. 44,45 Given these facts, MRI is likely to remain a mainstay in this patient population for years to come.
Restructuring software with gestures

Refactoring is the process of changing the structure of code without changing its meaning, and is a frequent practice among developers. Although programmers refactor frequently, they usually do not use refactoring tools to automate this process. We argue that the need to recall the name of a refactoring before the appropriate tool can be invoked makes it unnecessarily hard to initiate a refactoring with a tool. Conventional ways of initiating a tool also make it hard to transition from novice tool user to expert tool user. The contribution of this paper is a memorable mapping from gestures to refactorings, and an implementation of that mapping in the form of marking menus. In the first reported experiment to explore the effect of the position of items in marking menus on people's ability to infer the location of those items, we asked 16 programmers to complete a paper-based evaluation of our mapping. The results suggest that programmers can infer the gesture that will invoke the appropriate refactoring tool, even if they do not know the name of the refactoring. We also illustrate how marking menus might be used for refactoring during development with two other small studies.
Sexual arousal and physical aggression: The inhibiting influence of “cheesecake” and nudes

Male Ss participated in an experiment designed to investigate the hypothesis that mild levels of sexual arousal would serve to inhibit subsequent physical aggression. Consistent with this suggestion, Ss exposed to two types of erotic stimuli (“cheesecake” or nudes) directed shocks of significantly shorter duration to a confederate of the E than Ss exposed only to neutral pictures of scenery, furniture, and abstract art. An interpretation of these findings based on the suggestion that mild sexual arousal is pleasurable, and serves to induce considerable positive affect among Ss, was proposed.
Networked ecological citizenship, the new middle classes and the provisioning of sustainable waste management in Bangalore, India

Globalization and economic liberalization are enabling individuals in emerging economies like India to access lifestyles similar to the resource-intense West. This spread of consumerism poses substantial ecological challenges, and calls for studies that investigate the environmental values, ethics, and politics of India's new consumers. In this paper, I explore emerging pro-environmental behaviors in the city of Bangalore, India, among the new middle classes- its most significant consumer class. Using the case of home waste management, I show how household behavior change is made possible by neighborhood-based coordination, involving multiple actors such as environmentally-conscious residents, domestic help, and hired waste workers. Drawing on ecological citizenship theory, I discuss how waste management through recycling and composting is being implemented in Bangalore through networks of socio-economically privileged new middle class individuals. Their privileged social, political, and economic positions enable them to collectively enact changes in their cultural and structural contexts to facilitate pro-environmental initiatives. At the same time, the role of other actors like domestic servants and waste workers is also critical to the process. I show how ecological citizenship theory can be used to analyze and highlight voluntary involvement by socio-economically privileged individuals but fails to recognize the contributions of actors, who through their livelihood practices, play a pivotal role in producing the systems that enable pro-environmental behaviors among the elite. I conclude by suggesting that a critical analysis of the processes and political arrangements that produce pro-environmental behaviors is vital to sustainable consumption and production research in emerging economies like India.
Understanding Economic Crises: The Great Depression and the 2008 Recession

Economic crises, involving large and persistent declines in output and employment, are puzzles, particularly in developed countries with economies that typically function at a high level. This article analyses the Great Depression and the 2008 recession using recent developments in business cycle diagnostic procedures, and finds that the key to both episodes is understanding labour market distortions that resulted in the marginal product of labour being much higher than the marginal rate of substitution between consumption and leisure. This finding stands in sharp contrast to the received wisdom, which focuses on the role of banking crises and capital market distortions. The article also discusses possible hypotheses for these labour market distortions.
Study of Transitional Regime Gas Flows over a Backward- Facing Step

*† As in the macro-scale conventional counterparts, microscale flow systems require robust simulation tools for early-stage design iterations. This paper concentrates on a typical such flow process, namely flow over a backward facing step. Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) is used as the simulation tool. Separating the macroscopic velocity from the molecular velocity through the use of the IP method eliminates the high-level of statistical noise as typical in DSMC calculation of low-speed flows. The non-isothermal IP method is modified to incorporate the pressure boundary conditions, which are expected to be more prevalent in design of thermal management systems. The flow mechanisms over a backwardfacing step in a microchannel at different pressures are investigated. The range of parameter values for this investigation are: Re from 0.03 to 0.64, Ma from 0.013 to 0.083, and Kn from 0.24 to 4.81, all based on maximum values.
The mobilization and return of undergraduate students serving in the National Guard and Reserves

This chapter provides insight into the separation and return processes experienced when undergraduate National Guard and reserve personnel are mobilized for military duty. Suggestions for faculty and administrative staff on how to assist these individuals throughout this process are provided.
Using an image database to constrain the acquisition and reconstruction of MR images of the human head

A training set of MR images of normal and abnormal heads was used to derive a complete set of orthonormal basis functions which converged to head-like images more rapidly than Fourier basis functions. The new image representation was used to reconstruct MR images of other heads from a relatively small number of phase-encoded signal measurements. The training images also determined exactly which phase-encoded signals should be measured to minimize image reconstruction error. These signals were nonuniformly scattered throughout k-space. Experiments showed that head images reconstructed with the new method had less serious truncation artifacts than conventional Fourier images reconstructed from the same number of signals. The resulting images were characterized by spatially variable spatial resolution and were particularly well-resolved in regions where the training images had structural detail. >
Effects of attenuation factor on adaptive time delay estimation

The effects of a nonunity attenuation factor on the performance of an adaptive time delay estimation algorithm are studied using both deterministic and stochastic averaging. Analysis shows that failing to estimate such an attenuation factor may degrade the performance of the algorithm. When the adaptive delay estimator is augmented with an attenuation factor estimator, larger adaptive gain is desired to estimate the time variant delay. When there is noise in the signal, first order stochastic averaging analysis reveals that, if the attenuation factor is estimated, the estimator is biased. It is nevertheless true that the time delay estimator is unbiased. >
Sterile interface keratitis associated with micropannus hemorrhage after laser in situ keratomileusis

Numerous etiologies have been suspected to lead to sterile interface keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. This tan interface haze with a rippled appearance has been called Sands of the Sahara. We present 2 cases in which red blood cells entered the interface after a small hemorrhage from peripheral corneal vascularization during the microkeratome pass. Although this bleeding was controlled and all visible blood cells were removed at surgery, both patients developed the appearance of a focal interface keratitis on the first postoperative day.
Online Anomaly Prediction for Robust Cluster Systems

In this paper, we present a stream-based mining algorithm for online anomaly prediction. Many real-world applications such as data stream analysis requires continuous cluster operation. Unfortunately, today's large-scale cluster systems are still vulnerable to various software and hardware problems. System administrators are often overwhelmed by the tasks of correcting various system anomalies such as processing bottlenecks (i.e., full stream buffers), resource hot spots, and service level objective (SLO) violations. Our anomaly prediction scheme raises early alerts for impending system anomalies and suggests possible anomaly causes. Specifically, we employ Bayesian classification methods to capture different anomaly symptoms and infer anomaly causes. Markov models are introduced to capture the changing patterns of different measurement metrics. More importantly, our scheme combines Markov models and Bayesian classification methods to predict when a system anomaly will appear in the foreseeable future and what are the possible anomaly causes. To the best of our knowledge, our work provides the first stream-based mining algorithm for predicting system anomalies. We have implemented our approach within the IBM System S distributed stream processing cluster, and conducted case study experiments using fully implemented distributed data analysis applications processing real application workloads. Our experiments show that our approach efficiently predicts and diagnoses several bottleneck anomalies with high accuracy while imposing low overhead to the cluster system.
Cross-layer delay-constrained packet scheduling over multiuser wireless channels

We consider packet transmission policies in the cross-layer perspective that minimize the average power consumed by the transmitter under the average delay constraints. We present a simple packet scheduling policy which is influenced by both the queue and the channel state and that can be utilized to trade-off characteristic between queueing delay and transmission power policy. The near-optimal scheduler adopts a low-complexity modified-linear-rule (MLR) which tends to make the queue evolve as a stable feed-back linear system. The parameter is chosen so as to reach the desired compromise between delay and power consumption. Throughout the extensive simulations, we generalize the scheme of MLR scheduler to the multiuser wireless fading environments and compare it with the performance of the optimal scheduler and the log-linear scheduler.
A temperature-induced switch from diffusive to convective ventilation in the honeybee

It is known that many insects emit CO 2 in widely spaced ‘bursts’ or discontinuous ventilation events, usually characterized by active abdominal ventilation. We describe the discontinuous CO 2 emission characteristics of the honeybee ( Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola), and utilize its ‘chill coma’ temperature threshold (12°C) to effect transitions from continuous, diffusive to discontinuous, convective ventilation regimes. Increasing temperature abruptly switched the dynamics of ventilation from diffusive and continuous (≤11 °C) to convective and discontinuous (>12°C). The ventilation cycle frequency was 7.84mHz and CO 2 output per ventilation event (burst phase) was 1.56μl: neither variable was temperaturedependent in the range 12–15 °C. The rate of CO 2 emission did not change significantly in the range 7–15 °C, possibly owing to increased membrane leakiness at lower temperatures. At 15°C, honeybee metabolic rate (2.69 W kg −1 , mean mass 0.094 g) is similar to that of other similarly sized insects capable of significant endothermy.
Is there a role for music in the ICU

Results Patients in the PDM group listened to music for a mean of 79.8 (median (range) 12 (0 to 796)) minutes/day. Patients in the NCH group wore the noise-abating headphones for a mean of 34.0 (median (range), 0 (0 to 916)) minutes/day. The mixed-models analysis showed that, at any time point, patients in the PDM group had an anxiety score that was 19.5 points lower (95% confidence interval, �32.2 to �6.8) than patients in the usual care group (P = 0.003). By the fifth study day, anxiety was reduced by 36.5% in PDM patients. The treatment × time interaction showed that PDM significantly reduced both measures of sedative exposure. Compared with usual care, the PDM group had reduced sedation intensity by �0.18 (95% confidence interval, �0.36 to �0.004) points/day (P = 0.05) and had reduced frequency by �0.21 (95% confidence interval, �0.37 to �0.05) points/day (P =0 .01). The PDM group had reduced sedation frequency by �0.18 (95% confidence interval, �0.36 to �0.004) points/day versus the NCH group (P = 0.04). By the fifth study day, the PDM patients received two fewer sedative doses (reduction of 38%) and had a reduction of 36% in sedation intensity. Conclusions Among ICU patients receiving acute ventilatory support for respiratory failure, PDM resulted in greater reduction in anxiety compared with usual care, but not compared with NCH. Concurrently, PDM resulted in greater reduction in sedation frequency compared with usual care or NCH, and greater reduction in sedation intensity compared with usual care but not compared with NCH.
Transport phenomena and kinetics in an extravascular bioartificial pancreas

A bioartificial pancreas, consisting of immobilized islets encapsulated within hollow fibers, is investigated as an alternative treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes. A mathematical model is developed to determine whether this configuration of the bioartificial pancreas can yield an insulin response to a glucose challenge with the appropriate dynamics in diabetic humans. The model consists of the 2-D mass-conservation equations for glucose and insulin within the hollow fiber and capillaries. The equations contain terms for insulin-production kinetics by porcine islets and glucose-consumption kinetics. The boundary conditions account for transport resistances of the fiber membrane, the tissue surrounding the implant, and a thin film within the capillaries. The equations are coupled to a pharmacokinetic model of the circulatory system. The calculations show that an optimized design with this configuration will be feasible for human use and requires a total volume of 4.6 mL to reach the target insulin concentration in the bloodstream following a glucose challenge. The parameters and processes controlling the system performance are discussed.
Myonecrosis secondary to Clostridium Septicum in a patient with Occult Colon Malignancy: a case report

Gas gangrene is a relatively rare event that is typically associated with history of trauma. A non-traumatic history of gas gangrene has been associated with Clostridium septicum and cecal malignancy. We present a case of a 54-year-old male patient who presented with myonecrosis secondary to Clostridium septicum septicemia and an occult cecal carcinoma. C. septicum and its association with malignancy should be considered in any patient suffering from myonecrosis without a history of trauma.
How Do You Tell a Blackbird from a Crow

How do you tell a blackbird from a crow? There has been great progress toward automatic methods for visual recognition, including fine-grained visual categorization in which the classes to be distinguished are very similar. In a task such as bird species recognition, automatic recognition systems can now exceed the performance of non-experts - most people are challenged to name a couple dozen bird species, let alone identify them. This leads us to the question, "Can a recognition system show humans what to look for when identifying classes (in this case birds)?" In the context of fine-grained visual categorization, we show that we can automatically determine which classes are most visually similar, discover what visual features distinguish very similar classes, and illustrate the key features in a way meaningful to humans. Running these methods on a dataset of bird images, we can generate a visual field guide to birds which includes a tree of similarity that displays the similarity relations between all species, pages for each species showing the most similar other species, and pages for each pair of similar species illustrating their differences.
Molecular genetics of atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common persistent cardiac dysrhythmia and the number one cause of arrhythmia-related hospitalizations. In addition, AF is a major contributor to stroke. With life expectancies increasing, the growing global disability from AF has crippling implications for society. Several family studies have shown a strong polygenetic predisposition for AF but, so far, most of the linkage analysis and candidate gene studies have discovered only monogenic, rare, deleterious mutations. Recent breakthroughs in high-throughput genotyping technology have allowed improved scanning of the genome with greater statistical power to detect susceptibility alleles for AF. Using this technology, a region on 4q25 has now been identified and validated in thousands of cases as a common susceptibility factor for AF with an odds ratio of over 3.0 for homozygotes. The Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) gene, which is involved in embryonic cardiac development, has now been identified as the causal variant for the 4q25 susceptibility locus. Additional susceptibility variants are anticipated that will have direct ramifications for prognosis and treatment of this highly pervasive and clinically significant disorder.
On embeddings of neural networks into massively parallel computer systems

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have many characteristics that are suitable for massively parallel computation: simple processing units (neurons), small local memory requirement for each neuron, highly parallel operations. Naturally, neural network implementation should be a target for massively parallel computing. This paper presents and discusses techniques to map a neural network algorithm onto a massively parallel computer system. The goal is to maximize parallelism by breaking the ANN computation into basic units and processing these units in parallel. The following strategies are discussed: (1) design special highly parallel computers for artificial neural networks; (2) map the neural network algorithms directly onto the existing general-purpose parallel computers; (3) map the neural network algorithms onto the optical bus based systems; (4) design new structured neural networks that are similar to the topologies of the existing parallel systems; (5) use the divide-and-conquer technique to break a large neural network into many small ones, each will be processed by a PC or workstation.
Integrative Genomic Analysis of Temozolomide Resistance in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Purpose: Despite advances, there is an urgent need for effective therapeutics for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, particularly in elderly patients and primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Temozolomide (TMZ), an oral DNA-alkylating agent routinely used in the therapy of glioblastoma multiforme, is active in patients with primary CNS lymphoma but the response rates are low. The mechanisms contributing to TMZ resistance are unknown. Experimental Design: We undertook an unbiased and genome-wide approach to understand the genomic methylation and gene expression profiling differences associated with TMZ resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines and identify mechanisms to overcome TMZ resistance. Results: TMZ was cytotoxic in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines, independent of MGMT promoter methylation or protein expression. Using Connectivity Map (CMAP), we identified several compounds capable of reversing the gene expression signature associated with TMZ resistance. The demethylating agent decitabine (DAC) is identified by CMAP as capable of reprogramming gene expression to overcome TMZ resistance. Treatment with DAC led to increased expression of SMAD1, a transcription factor involved in TGF-β/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, previously shown to be epigenetically silenced in resistant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In vitro and in vivo treatment with a combination of DAC and TMZ had greater antilymphoma activity than either drug alone, with complete responses in TMZ-resistant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma murine xenograft models. Conclusions: Integrative genome-wide methylation and gene expression analysis identified novel genes associated with TMZ resistance and demonstrate potent synergy between DAC and TMZ. The evidence from cell line and murine experiments supports prospective investigation of TMZ in combination with demethylating agents in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res; 20(2); 382–92. ©2013 AACR .
Some elementary distribution theory for an autoregression fitted to a random walk

A permutation argument is used to derive some properties of regression coefficients in an autoregressive time series model with a polynomial trend and a unit root.
McCune–Albright Syndrome: An Overview of Clinical Features

A 20-month-old female presented with bloody discharge in her diaper. Significant findings on her physical examination included length greater than the 95th percentile, Tanner stage 2 breasts, and a large, light brown macule on her lower back near the crease of her buttocks with jagged edges that did not cross the midline. Pelvic ultrasound showed a large unilateral ovarian cyst. Skeletal maturity (bone age) was advanced. A 5-year-old male presented with leg pain and limp following a minor fall during a pillow fight with his brother. Radiographs showed a fracture at the site of a fibrous dysplastic lesion in the femoral neck with “ground glass” appearance. He had two light brown birthmarks with irregular borders on his posterior neck and chest. Neither crossed the midline of his body nor had changed much in size. These children had different clinical presentations, but they share the diagnosis of McCune–Albright syndrome. An overview of the clinical features of McCune–Albright syndrome follows.
A Social-Learning Approach to Student Marijuana Use

Three hundred seventy-two college students were administered a battery of questionnaires designed to assess the predictive power of four social variables (social support, perceived sanctions, availability, family models), and six psychological ones (locus of control, mortality-conscience guilt, personal meanings, functions for continuing use, belief in consequences, societal and non-societal means of valued goal attainment) with respect to marijuana use. Results support a social learning theory interpretation of marijuana use. Users have had pleasant experiences, believe that sanctions are minimal, and that marijuana is not harmful. Six predictor variables correlated +.76 with use.
Is Resveratrol the Magic Bullet for Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) remains a disease with high morbidity and mortality and no known cure. The World Health Organization has categorized PHTN into 5 clinical classifications, as follows: (1) pulmonary artery hypertension; (2) PHTN with left heart disease; (3) PHTN with respiratory disease; (4) PHTN caused by chronic thrombotic/embolic disease; and (5) miscellaneous PHTN.1 Despite the broad and varied nature of these clinical conditions, PHTN presents with similar clinical pathological changes in the lung, including altered vasoreactivity, endothelial dysfunction, vascular intimal and medial remodeling, activation of inflammatory processes, and platelet activation. If untreated, these changes lead to right heart stress, failure, and death.1 At the cellular level, enhanced vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, and endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation are key components of disease progression. This underlying pathology is associated with a plethora of molecular changes, eg, increased inflammatory cytokine expression and increased levels of oxidative stress, altered NO bioavailability, and increased growth factor expression. These molecular changes alter the balance of kinase cascades, cAMP, cGMP, and ρ that ultimately modulate K+ and Ca2+ channel function and expression, cytoskeletal organization, and cell cycle progression. Current treatment targets for PHTN include Ca2+ channel blockade, selective endothelin A receptor and dual endothelin receptor antagonism, prostanoid replacement, and phosphodiesterase inhibition.2 These treatments may be applied singularly or in combination to achieve therapeutic goals. Moreover, these therapies have had limited success and are often associated with unwanted adverse effects, including systemic hypotension. The rapid rate of drug discovery for this condition …
Nonlinear static and dynamical aspects of power systems: a bifurcation approach

The author presents basic concepts in bifurcation theory which can be applied to study the voltage stability and nonlinear oscillations of power system networks. Dynamical systems are considered with one parameter. Changing the parameter may drive the system from one asymptotic behavior to another and result in different bifurcations. Typical static bifurcations are (i) saddle-node or fold bifurcation, (ii) transcritical bifurcation, and the( iii) pitchfork bifurcation. A typical dynamic bifurcation is the Hopf bifurcation. Numerical identification of these bifurcations is considered from a power system network point of view. >
A SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE STOCK MARKET

SUMMARY Social psychological factors affecting prices on markets are of two orders: The non-economic but objective influences, such as propaganda, rumors, incorrect news, etc. which affect the individual buyer or seller; the ‘subjective’ definition of the situation with which the individual integrates all the relevant ‘information’ and which provides him motivation for his actions. These are analyzed and exemplified in this paper, based on informal interviews with persons participating in two American exchanges and on the published literature. The setting of the brokers’ offices and of the ‘floor’ of the exchange is also considered as a source of social psychological influences on the market participants. Special consideration is given to booms and panics.
Learning from hotlists and coldlists: towards a WWW information filtering and seeking agent

We describe a software agent that learns to find information on the World Wide Web (WWW), deciding what new pages might interest a user. The agent maintains a separate hotlist (for links that were interesting) and coldlist (for links that were not interesting) for each topic. By analyzing the information immediately accessible from each link, the agent learns the types of information the user is interested in. This can be used to inform the user when a new interesting page becomes available or to order the user's exploration of unseen existing links so that the more promising ones are investigated first. We compare four different learning algorithms on this task. We describe an experiment in which a simple Bayesian classifier acquires a user profile that agrees with a user's judgment over 90% of the time.
Serial passage of sheep scrapie inoculum in Suffolk sheep.

Scrapie is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. Susceptibility to the disease is partly dependent upon the genetic makeup of the host. In a recent study, it was shown that sheep intracerebrally inoculated with a US scrapie agent (No. 13–7) developed scrapie and survived for an average of 19 months post inoculation. In the present study, when this scrapie inoculum was further passaged for 3 successive generations, the survival time was reduced by approximately 8 months in scrapie-susceptible (QQ on prion protein gene [PRNP] at codon 171) Suffolk sheep. It is concluded that inoculum No. 13–7 appears to have been stabilized in susceptible (171 QQ) Suffolk sheep and may be considered a specific isolate of sheep scrapie agent in the USA and therefore that it can be used to evaluate other isolates of sheep scrapie in this country.
Robotic arm self-taught path planning using transportation model heuristics

The objective of this experimental research was to determine whether or not an integrated vision and robotic arm system, using grey level detection and a transportation model heuristic, could plan and execute its own point-to-point navigation. The heuristic is the shortest-route algorithm which deals with finding the smallest possible distance to visit multiple locations only once. The only point taught by a human operator was a starting position and all other points within the workspace, to be visited by the robotic arm to perform tasks such as screw-fastening, adhesive application and detailed inspection of assemblies, were learned by the system.
Distillers’ Solubles as a Source of Pantothenic Acid in Chick Rations,

Abstract SEVERAL studies evaluating the supplementary use of distillers’ dried grains and distillers’ dried solubles in poultry rations have been reviewed by Synold et al. (1943). Marvel et al. (1944, 1945a, 1945b, 1945c) have presented additional data concerning distillers’ dried solubles as vitamin supplements in chick rations. They have shown that this prodduct could replace dried skimmilk in certain chick starting rations and that it was a valuble supplement in a simple “meatless” ration consisting cheifly of corn, soybean oil meal, and alfalfa leaf meal. Boruff et al. (1940) emphasized the potency of distillers’ dried solubles in the B complex vitamins, especially riboflavin and pantothenic acid. Other experiments on the supplementary value of distillery by-products have been reported by Sloan (1941), Shea et al. (1941), Halpin and coworkers (1942), and Nelson et al. (1944), and others. These investigations indicated that distillers’ dried solubles was a fair source of several B complex . . .
Growth factor signaling to mTORC1 by amino acid–laden macropinosomes

The rapid activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) by growth factors is increased by extracellular amino acids through yet-undefined mechanisms of amino acid transfer into endolysosomes. Because the endocytic process of macropinocytosis concentrates extracellular solutes into endolysosomes and is increased in cells stimulated by growth factors or tumor-promoting phorbol esters, we analyzed its role in amino acid-dependent activation of mTORC1. Here, we show that growth factor-dependent activation of mTORC1 by amino acids, but not glucose, requires macropinocytosis. In murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and murine embryonic fibroblasts stimulated with their cognate growth factors or with phorbol myristate acetate, activation of mTORC1 required an Akt-independent vesicular pathway of amino acid delivery into endolysosomes, mediated by the actin cytoskeleton. Macropinocytosis delivered small, fluorescent fluid-phase solutes into endolysosomes sufficiently fast to explain growth factor-mediated signaling by amino acids. Therefore, the amino acid-laden macropinosome is an essential and discrete unit of growth factor receptor signaling to mTORC1.
Das Judentum als Weltreligion und der Jüdische Weltkongress. Eine Erkundung

Es gibt immer wieder Ereignisse, die, obwohl sie in einem regelmasigen Turnus stattfinden, zumeist unauffallig und kaum beachtet bleiben und erst durch besondere Umstande plotzlich eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit erhalten. Dies trifft offenkundig auf die 14. Vollversammlung des Judischen Weltkongresses (World Jewish Congress) vom 5. bis 7. Mai 2013 in der ungarischen Hauptstadt Budapest zu, die in Kooperation mit der Foderation judischer Gemeinschaften Ungarns organisiert wurde. Im thematischen Fokus der Zusammenkunft von etwa 500 Delegierten und Beobachtern, die rund 70 judische Gemeinschaften und Organisationen aus aller Welt reprasentierten, standen die Frage nach der globalen Bedeutung des judischen Volkes, die politische Situation im Nahen und Mittleren Osten sowie der in diversen europaischen Landern zunehmende Antisemitismus. Neben den inhaltlichen Auseinandersetzungen, standen auch organisatorische Punkte auf der Agenda: So wurde das Exekutivkomitee neu gewahlt und der bisherige Prasident des Judischen Weltkongresses, Ronald S. Launders (seit 2007 im Amt), fur weitere vier Jahre in seinem Vorsitz bestatigt.
Prostaglandin stimulation of ovarian ornithine decarboxylase invitro

Abstract Prostaglandins E1 and E2 caused a 5–10 fold stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity in granulosa cells isolated from porcine ovarian follicles. The minimally effective concentration of prostaglandin E2 was 10 ng/ml and the plateau of activity was reached at 500 ng/ml. Prostaglandin F2α was ineffective. 1-Methyl,3-isobutyl-xanthine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, potentiated the effect of both submaximal and maximal effective doses of prostaglandin E2, suggesting that the effect of prostaglandin E2 is mediated by cAMP. The effect of prostaglandin E2 was similar to that of luteinizing hormone and a cAMP analogue, 8-Bromo-cAMP.
Patient portals: Anytime, anywhere

Patient portal is a secure online application which allows patients to have access to their personal health information via Internet around the clock. Patients can view their recent visit information, medications, labs and exams, doctor appointments and communicate with their healthcare providers securely. There have been numerous efforts to build effective patient portals but have not been able to address the cost, security and compliance issues to the fullest. To this effect, the goal of this research is to create a secure patient portal which provides access to patient data, implement all security measures ideal for a healthcare system and to implement OWASP top 10 security measures and industry standard encryption techniques to secure patient data.