cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ear tuftedness: a lethal condition in the Araucana fowl

The lethal effects of the ear-tuft trait of the Araucana chicken are reported and the genetic basis of its inheritance is verified. The ear-tuft (Et) gene acts as an autosomal dominant with reduced penetrance in heterozygotes. This study gave two estimates of reduced penetrance, 4 and 14 percent. Homozygotes die during 17-19 days of incubation, although a few may hatch. Most of these die within a week, but occasionally an "escaper" will live to maturity; one such Et/Et individual was verified. Heterozygotes also experience increased embryonic mortality at about 20 or 21 days of incubation. In this study the average embryonic mortality among heterozygotes was 41.6 percent. Posthatch mortality also was significantly greater among tufted chicks than among nontufted chicks.
Upper trapezius muscle activity in healthy office workers: reliability and sensitivity of occupational exposure measures to differences in sex and hand dominance

Patterns of cervical muscle activity may contribute to overuse injuries in office workers. The purpose of this investigation was to characterise patterns of upper trapezius muscle activity in pain-free office workers using traditional occupational exposure measures and a modified Active Amplitude Probability Distribution Function (APDF), which considers only periods of active muscle contraction. Bilateral trapezius muscle activity was recorded in 77 pain-free office workers for 1-2 full days in their natural work environment. Mean amplitude, gap frequency, muscular rest and Traditional and Active APDF amplitudes were calculated. All measures demonstrated fair to substantial reliability. Dominant muscles demonstrated higher amplitudes of activity and less muscular rest compared to non-dominant, and women demonstrated less muscular rest with no significant difference in amplitude assessed by Active APDF compared to men. These findings provide normative data to identify atypical motor patterns that may contribute to persistence or recurrence of neck pain in office workers. Practitioner Summary: Upper trapezius muscle activity was characterised in a large cohort of pain-free workers using electromyographic recordings from office environments. Dominant muscles demonstrated higher activity and less rest than non-dominant, and women demonstrated less rest than men. Results may be used to identify atypical trapezius muscle activity in office workers.
3D transistors

After having been considered “exotic devices”, multigate 3D transistor such as FinFETs, trigate FETs or Gate-all-Around nanowire FETs have become an industrial reality. The excellent electrostatic control of the channel region by the multigate architecture allows one to reduce short-channel effects well below the 20nm node and have the potential to extend Moore's law down to a gate length of 3nm.
Screening Mammography for Free: Impact of Eliminating Cost Sharing on Cancer Screening Rates.

Objectives To study the impact of eliminating cost sharing for screening mammography on mammography rates in a large Medicare Advantage (MA) health plan which in 2010 eliminated cost sharing in anticipation of the Affordable Care Act mandate. Study Setting Large MA health maintenance organization offering individual-subscriber MA insurance and employer-supplemented group MA insurance. Study Design We investigated the impact on breast cancer screening of a policy that eliminated a $20 copayment for screening mammography in 2010 among 53,188 women continuously enrolled from 2007 to 2012 in an individual-subscriber MA plan, compared with 42,473 women with employer-supplemented group MA insurance in the same health maintenance organization who had full screening coverage during this period. We used differences-in-differences analysis to study the impact of cost-sharing elimination on mammography rates. Principal Findings Annual screening rates declined over time for both groups, with similar trends pre-2010 and a slower decline after 2010 among women whose copayments were eliminated. Among women aged 65–74 years in the individual-subscriber MA plan, 44.9 percent received screening in 2009 compared with 40.9 percent in 2012, while 49.5 percent of women in the employer-supplemented MA plan received screening in 2009 compared with 44.1 percent in 2012, that is, a difference-in-difference effect of 1.4 percentage points less decline in screening among women experiencing the cost-sharing elimination. Effects were concentrated among women without recent screening. There were no differences by neighborhood socioeconomic status or race/ethnicity. Conclusions Eliminating cost sharing for screening mammography was associated with modesty lower decline in screening rates among women with previously low screening adherence.
Ready or not, here it comes: maintenance of certification.

When Sir William Osler, one of the greatest physicians in medical history, left Philadelphia, he offered his remarks on what became one of the most celebrated of treatises: Aequanimitas .[1][1] It was this that my father handed to me as I graduated from medical school. It is a hard thing to attain,
Development of an Asymmetric Hydrogenation Route to (S)-N-Boc-2,6-dimethyltyrosine

An improved, simpler and potentially more economical route to (S)-N-Boc-2,6-dimethyltyrosine 1, based on a previously published route, is presented. Key modifications were to prepare the dehydroaminoacid hydrogenation substrate 6 in a one-pot process directly from serine methyl ester and 4-iodo-3,5-dimethylphenyl acetate 4 and to identify a significantly more active asymmetric hydrogenation catalyst that allowed a 5-fold reduction in catalyst loading.
Decentralization, Local Priorities, and the Community Development Block Grant Program in Milwaukee

This article analyzes the geographic distribution of CDBG funds across twenty-three neighborhoods in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, by comparing federal, city, and neighborhood responses to local need and by testing the impact of these responses on the final funding allocations. In Milwaukee, decentralizing decisionmaking to the city improved the program's responsiveness to local need. However, the funding decisions made by local officials did not always direct funding exclusively to the most extreme need; nor did they distribute funding proportionately with respect to need, even though the city's targeting mechanisms were closely related to the measure of need used in this analysis. We conclude that Milwaukee's program results were obtained through a mixture of targeting rules and political competition over program decisions.
The musical experience: rethinking music teaching and learning

With The Musical Experience, Janet Barrett and Peter Webster sought to ‘rethink' music teaching and learning with musical experience (defined as active engagement in the construction of music in al...
Adolescent, caregiver, and friend preferences for integrating social support and communication features into an asthma self-management app.

AbstractObjectives: This study examines: 1) adolescent preferences for using asthma self-management mobile applications (apps) to interact with their friends, caregivers, medical providers, and other adolescents with asthma and 2) how caregivers and friends would use mobile apps to communicate with the adolescent and serve as sources of support for asthma management. Methods: We recruited 20 adolescents aged 12–16 years with persistent asthma, their caregivers (n = 20), and friends (n = 3) from two suburban pediatric practices in North Carolina. We gave participants iPods with two preloaded asthma apps and asked them to use the apps for 1 week. Adolescents and caregivers provided app feedback during a semi-structured interview at a regularly-scheduled clinic appointment and during a telephone interview one week later. Friends completed one telephone interview. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive, theory-driven analysis was used to identify themes and preferences. Results:...
Lady Mary Wroth’s Song 1 and Some Versions of Pastoral Deixis

Wroth’s poem exemplifies the significance of deictics in early modern pastoral and their interaction with cultural issues such as the way forests were conceived. Rather than simply contrasting the world of pastoral with that of court and city, deictics often involve distinctions and tensions among inhabitants of andplaces in the pastoral world.
Phase I trial of H65-RTA immunoconjugate in patients with cutaneous T- cell lymphoma

H65-RTA is an immunoconjugate that consists of the A chain of ricin (RTA), a ribosomal-inhibiting protein, coupled to a murine monoclonal antibody (H65) directed against the pan-T-cell antigen CD5. The CD5 antigen is heterogeneously expressed on cutaneous T-cell lymphoma tumor cells, but is not expressed on normal cells except lymphocytes. A phase I trial was therefore conducted in which 14 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma progressive on other therapies were treated with up to three cycles of H65-RTA. The maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of H65-RTA was 0.33 mg/kg/d administered intravenously for 10 days as defined by dyspnea at rest at higher doses. Other reversible side effects included myalgia, mild hypoalbuminemia with weight gain, pedal edema, fatigue, fevers, and chills. Six patients received more than one cycle of H65-RTA without increased side effects compared with the first cycle. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that peak serum drug levels were dose-dependent, and ranged from 1.13 to 5.56 micrograms/mL, with a terminal half-life ranging from 1.0 to 2.9 hours. The development of antibodies against the immunoconjugate was associated with a lower peak drug level, but not with enhanced side effects. Partial responses lasting from 3 to 8 months were documented in four patients. Three of the responding patients received more than one cycle of H65-RTA in the presence of anti-immunoconjugate antibodies. The results from this phase I trial suggest that H65-RTA is an active drug in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The immunoconjugate may be safely administered repeatedly, even in the presence of anti-immunoconjugate antibodies, with responses noted. Additional studies at the MTD are needed to define the response rate in this disease.
Aspects of Philosophy in Paris: 1215–1283

The SLE is today often regarded as a theological work, one said to involve in fundamental ways various Christian doctrines, e.g., divine particular providence or personal immortality. Before examining the presence of such doctrines, as well as their so-called Christian character, it is useful to consider the feasibility of regarding the SLE as a philosophical document. To this end, the present chapter studies some aspects of the situation of philosophy in Paris between 1215 and 1283. On the basis of this examination, it is suggested that there are no grounds for supposing on the part of Aquinas some subjective or doctrinal obstacle that would have prevented him from composing a philosophical interpretation of the Ethics.
Visual Diagnosis: Periorbital Edema in a 7-year-old Girl

1. Chantel Cacciotti, MD* 2. Claudia Vicetti Miguel, MD* 3. Jeremy Neuman, MD† 4. Sarah Vaiselbuh, MD* 1. *Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University Hospital, The Children’s Cancer Center, Staten Island, NY. 2. †Department of Radiology, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY. A previously healthy 7-year-old girl presents to the emergency department with a 2-week history of worsening left-sided periorbital erythema, edema, and conjunctival injection. The patient had completed a 10-day course of amoxicillin prescribed for presumptive periorbital cellulitis without clinical improvement. Her parents deny any history of fever, recent respiratory tract infections, insect bite, or trauma. She has had no sick contacts. She denies polyuria, polydipsia, weight changes, diarrhea, or vomiting. Physical examination reveals left periorbital erythema with temporal soft-tissue swelling that is tender to palpation. The conjunctivae are injected without discharge, sclera are clear, and no proptosis is evident. Extraocular movements are normal. Visual acuity is 20/20 in both eyes. Results of a complete blood cell count, complete metabolic profile, and urine homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid measurement are within normal limits. C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate are mildly elevated at 20.8 mg/L (198.1 nmol/L) and 38 mm/hr, respectively. Orbital computed tomography (CT) scan reveals an erosive left superolateral orbital bone lesion with a soft-tissue component extending to the postseptal extraconal orbit, the lacrimal gland, and the epidural space (Figs 1 …
Rapid size characterization of chromatographic silicas by flow field-flow fractionation

The particle size distributions of various silica support materials for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) were obtained using flow/hyperlayer field-flow fractionation (Fl/Hy FFF), a form of flow FFF. The experimental procedure for each material required only 3–6 minutes. The resulting fractograms (representing detector response as a function of time) were mathematically treated to yield particle size distribution curves. Unlike most techniques, Fl/Hy FFF yields particle sizes free of any assumption about particle density or porosity. Approximate mean particle diameters and polydispersities were estimated directly from the fractograms and compared to those more correctly calculated from the size distribution curves. The importance of specifying the type of mean particle diameter (such, as area, mass, and number averages) being reported is illustrated. The good agreement between the FFF number-weighted size distributions and those obtained by scanning electron microscopy demonstrates the usefulness of Fl/Hy FFF for the rapid and accurate characterization of chromatographic silicas.
Warsini! Are you not tired standing in the factory? A Reflection on Women’s Labour Pedagogy

This article is a reflection on feminist education at the complex intersection of feminism, the workers movement and the movement towards social transformation in Indonesia. It raises questions about the effectiveness of gender training programs that have become almost a prerequisite for programs and funding among many non-government organizations, national and international. The writer argues that the institutionalization of gender training has been dissociated from the movement for transformational justice and from the concrete experience of workers.
Detection of RNA editing events in human cells using high- throughput sequencing

RNA editing can lead to amino acid substitutions in protein sequences, alternative pre-mRNA splicing, and changes in gene expression levels. The exact in vivo modes of interaction of the RNA editing enzymes with their targets are not well understood. Alterations in RNA editing have been linked to various human disorders and the improved understanding of the editing mechanism and specificity can explain the phenotypes that result from misregulation of RNA editing. Unbiased high-throughput methods of detection of RNA editing events genome-wide in human cells are necessary for the task of deciphering the RNA editing regulatory code. With the rapidly falling cost of genome resequencing, the future method of choice for the detection of RNA editing events will be whole-genome gDNA and cDNA sequencing. We describe a detailed procedure for the computational identification of RNA editing targets using the data from the deep sequencing of DNA and RNA from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a human individual with severe hemophilia A who is resistant to HIV infection. Interestingly, we find that mRNAs of the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK13 and the DNA repair enzyme NEIL1 undergo extensive A → I RNA editing that leads to amino acid substitutions in protein sequences.
Against the perceptual model of utterance comprehension

What accounts for the capacity of ordinary speakers to comprehend utterances of their language? The phenomenology of hearing speech in one’s own language makes it tempting to many epistemologists to look to perception for an answer to this question. That is, just as a visual experience as of a red square is often taken to give the perceiver immediate justification for believing that there is a red square in front of her, perhaps an auditory experience as of the speaker asserting that p gives the competent hearer immediate justification for believing that the speaker has asserted that p. My aim here is to offer reasons for resisting this temptation. I argue that the perceptual model cannot adequately account for the hearer’s justification in many cases. The arguments here also allow us to draw certain further morals about the role of phenomenology in the epistemology of perception.
Understanding human behavior: What social workers need to know about animal research

Much of our understanding of human behavior and development has a foundation in animal research. However, many social workers do not have experience in biological research methods and therefore may...
Does neuropsychological performance in OCD relate to different symptoms? A meta‐analysis comparing the symmetry and obsessing dimensions

Background Investigations of neuropsychological functioning in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have produced mixed results for deficits in executive functioning (EF), attention, and memory. One potential explanation for varied findings may relate to the heterogeneity of symptom presentations, and different clinical or neurobiological characteristics may underlie these different symptoms. Methods We investigated differences in neuropsychological functioning between two symptoms groups, obsessing/checking (O/C) and symmetry/ordering (S/O), based on data suggesting an association with different motivations: harm avoidance and incompleteness, respectively. Ten studies (with 628 patients) were included and each investigation assessed at least one of 14 neuropsychological domains. Results The S/O domain demonstrated small, negative correlations with overall neuropsychological functioning, performance in EF, memory, visuospatial ability, cognitive flexibility, and verbal working memory. O/C symptoms demonstrated small, negative correlations with memory and verbal memory performance. A comparison of functioning between symptom groups identified large effect sizes showing that the S/O dimension was more strongly related to poorer neuropsychological performance overall, and in the domains of attention, visuospatial ability, and the subdomain of verbal working memory. Conclusions Findings support existing evidence suggesting that different OCD symptoms, and their associated core motivations, relate to unique patterns of neuropsychological functioning, and, potentially dysfunction in different neural circuits.
Feminist perspectives on body image and physical appearance

Women in Western cultures are encouraged by society to manipulate their bodies to try to achieve unrealistic ideals associated with thinness, the ‘right’ amount of sexiness, and youth. The feminist perspective posits that the body monitoring and body dissatisfaction associated with this ‘beauty work’ are disempowering. In this article, we trace the history of feminist perspectives about the body. We then examine how feminist theories about the body have informed empirical research. We end by discussing how feminist ideas are used to promote cultural change and individuals’ resistance to oppressive ideals. Thus, feminist perspectives offer a comprehensive explanation of societal forces behind women’s body concerns as well as a plan of action for combating unrealistic ideals.
Determination of Diethanolamine and N-Nitrosodiethanolamine in Fatty Acid Diethanolamides

Diethanolamine (DEA) is a precursor of N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA), an animal carcinogen. A gas chromatographic (GC) method was developed for determining DEA in fatty acid diethanolamides that are commonly used in cosmetic products. Methanolic solutions of the amides were analyzed by GC with flame ionization detection on either a wide-bore methyl silicone (Rt x -1) or 95% dimethyl-5% diphenyl polysiloxane (SPB-5) capillary column. Recovery of DEA from fatty acid dialkanolamides at fortification levels of 0.50, 1.00, and 5.00% ranged from 94 to 100%. In a survey of commercial fatty acid diethanolamides, DEA was found at levels ranging from 1.1 to 14.0%, and most were in good agreement with manufacturer's DEA specifications. Fatty acid diethanolamides also were analyzed for NDELA by liquid chromatography interfaced to a thermal energy analyzer. Recovery of NDELA from fatty acid diethanolamides at fortification levels of 50, 100, and 200 ppb averaged 95%. No NDELA was found in any of the fatty acid diethanolamide samples analyzed.
Reproductive capacity evolves in response to ecology through common developmental mechanisms in Hawaiian Drosophila

Lifetime reproductive capacity, or the total number of offspring that an individual can give rise to in its lifetime, is a fitness component critical to the evolutionary process. In insects, female reproductive capacity is primarily determined by the number of ovarioles, the egg-producing subunits of the ovary. Recent work has provided insights into the genetic and environmental control of ovariole number in Drosophila melanogaster. However, whether regulatory mechanisms discovered under laboratory conditions can explain its evolutionary variation in natural populations is an outstanding question in evolutionary biology. Here we report, for the first time, insights into the mechanisms regulating ovariole number and its evolution among Hawaiian Drosophila, a large adaptive radiation of fruit flies that have evolved the highest and lowest ovariole numbers of the genus within 25 million years. Using comparative phylogenetic methods, we show that ovariole number variation among species with different food sources is best explained by adaptation to specific ecological niches. Further, we show that evolution of reliance on specific rare and ephemeral egg-laying substrates disrupts the allometric relationship between body size and ovariole number that is observed in flies that use widespread and abundant substrates. Finally, we provide evidence that the developmental mechanism principally responsible for controlling ovariole number in D. melanogaster also regulates ovariole number in natural populations of Hawaiian drosophilids. This work explains the evolution of ovariole number variation at the levels of ecology, organismal growth, and cell behavior during development, thus connecting the ultimate and proximate mechanisms of evolutionary change in reproductive capacity.
ON THE BIRTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOANALYTIC FIELD THEORY, PART 2

Advances in Contemporary Psychoanalytic Field Theory: Concept and Further Development. Edited by S. Montana Katz, Roosevelt Cassorla, and Giuseppe Civitarese. London/New York: Routledge, 2017. 212 pp.
Translation Institutions: War Crimes Tribunals

The viability of international criminal prosecution and adjudication hinges in no small part on the massive amounts of translation and interpreting required in order to run these lengthy, complex trials. Translators and interpreters must negotiate their own loyalties and biases whenever they translate. But when a translator or an interpreter is negotiating meaning in the context of a war in which he or she has a personal stake, within an institution where confidentiality and security are concerns of the highest order, questions of trust and loyalty become unusually visible. This chapter considers manifestations of institutional efforts to shape an atmosphere of trust for the language professionals working there amid the adversarial context of the courtroom, using examples taken from courtroom interactions.
Scale-free Vertical Tracking Microscopy: Towards Bridging Scales in Biological Oceanography

Abstract Understanding key biophysical phenomena in the ocean often requires one to simultaneously focus on microscale entities, such as motile plankton and sedimenting particles, while maintaining the macroscale context of vertical transport in a highly stratified environment. This poses a conundrum: How to measure single organisms, at microscale resolution, in the lab, while allowing them to freely move hundreds of meters in the vertical direction? We present a solution in the form of a scale-free, vertical tracking microscope based on a circular “hydrodynamic-treadmill”. Our technology allows us to transcend physiological and ecological scales, tracking organisms from marine zooplankton to single-cells over vertical scales of meters while resolving microflows and behavioral processes. We demonstrate measurements of sinking particles, including marine snow as they sediment tens of meters while capturing sub-particle-scale phenomena. We also demonstrate depth-patterned virtual-reality environments for novel behavioral analyses of microscale plankton. This technique offers a new experimental paradigm in microscale ocean biophysics by combining physiological-scale imaging with free movement in an ecological-scale patterned environment. One sentence summary Scale-free vertical tracking microscopy captures, for the first time, untethered behavioral dynamics at cellular resolution for marine plankton.
Small bowel obstruction secondary to Ascaris lumbricoides in the setting of prior exploratory laparotomy

Abstract Ascaris lumbricoides is a parasitic roundworm that is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and is endemic in many areas around the world. At the end of its life cycle it resides in the small bowel, and while it can be asymptomatic, large masses of worms can result in intestinal obstruction, volvulus and perforation. While it is a common cause of mechanical obstruction in endemic areas, it is far less so in the developed world, where adhesions and other postoperative mechanical etiologies are more common. We present the case of a young man with a prior history of exploratory laparotomy for trauma, who had recently immigrated from the Philippines, where ascariasis is endemic, to the Central Valley of California in the United States. He presented with a small bowel obstruction, and at laparotomy was noted to have both a proximal Ascaris bezoar as well as a distal anastomotic stricture.
MRI features associated with high likelihood of conversion of radiologically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis.

Abstract Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) is the asymptomatic precursor to clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) or primary progressive MS. RIS is frequently diagnosed when an individual gets an MRI for an unrelated medical issue, such as headache or trauma. Treating RIS patients is controversial, but physicians may be inclined to offer prophylactic treatment for high-risk RIS patients. Identifying imaging and clinical features associated with high likelihood of early clinical conversion may prove helpful to identify a high-risk subset for potential MS therapy. The goal of this paper is to review current literatures to identify imaging and clinical features that predict early (within 5 years) conversion from RIS to MS.
Iterative Refinement of Cellular Identity from Single-Cell Data Using Online Learning

Abstract Recent experimental advances have enabled high-throughput single-cell measurement of gene expression, chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation. We previously used integrative non-negative matrix factorization (iNMF) to jointly learn interpretable low-dimensional representations from multiple single-cell datasets using dataset-specific and shared metagene factors. These factors provide a principled, quantitative definition of cellular identity and how it varies across biological contexts. However, datasets exceeding 1 million cells are now widely available, creating computational barriers to scientific discovery. For instance, it is no longer feasible to analyze large datasets using standard pipelines on a personal computer with limited memory capacity. Moreover, there is a need for an algorithm capable of iteratively refining the definition of cellular identity as efforts to create a comprehensive human cell atlas continually sequence new cells. To address these challenges, we developed an online learning algorithm for integrating large and continually arriving single-cell datasets. We extended previous online learning approaches for NMF to minimize the expected cost of a surrogate function for the iNMF objective. We also derived a novel hierarchical alternating least squares algorithm for iNMF and incorporated it into an efficient online algorithm. Our online approach accesses the training data as mini-batches, decoupling memory usage from dataset size and allowing on-the-fly incorporation of new datasets as they are generated. The online implementation of iNMF converges much more quickly using a fraction of the memory required for the batch implementation, without sacrificing solution quality. Our new approach processes 1.3 million single cells from the entire mouse embryo on a laptop in 25 minutes using less than 500 MB of RAM. We also analyze large datasets without downloading them to disk by streaming them over the internet on demand. Furthermore, we construct a single-cell multi-omic cell atlas of the mouse motor cortex by iteratively incorporating eight single-cell RNA-seq, single-nucleus RNA-seq, single-nucleus ATAC-seq, and single-nucleus DNA methylation datasets generated by the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network. Our approach obviates the need to recompute results each time additional cells are sequenced, dramatically increases convergence speed, and allows processing of datasets too large to fit in memory or on disk. Most importantly, it facilitates continual refinement of cell identity as new single-cell datasets from different biological contexts and data modalities are generated.
Review of Turner (2019): Multilingualism as a Resource and a Goal: Using and Learning Languages in Mainstream Schools

This article reviews Multilingualism as a Resource and a Goal: Using and Learning Languages in Mainstream Schools
The Cure is Not Worse than the Disease - A Humanitarian Perspective

Although most people understand that the current public health efforts lead to a significant economic decline, few are willing to put a price tag on a human life. This manuscript draws upon economic estimates of mortality induced by government regulation, to compare lives saved by the current public health approach with potential downstream collateral loss of lives from the economic downturn. The lives-to-lives comparison is not confounded by differences in people’s normative assessments of the value of human life. Based on the best currently available evidence, we estimate that the 2020 COVID19-mitigating public health measures will save between 913,762 and 2,046,322 lives in the US; however, the economic downturn from shelter-in-place measures and other restrictions on economic activity could create an indirect collateral loss of 84,000 to 514,800 lives over the following years. This manuscript concludes that COVID19-mitigating public health measures are justified; however they can create potentially significant albeit less overt downstream morbidity and mortality. A balanced approach that prioritizes public health while also restricting economic activity as minimally as possible is essential to emerging from the pandemic with the least amount of humanitarian cost from the virus and from the loss of economic opportunity combined.
Four new species of the Oriental genus Elacatophora L. W. Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)

Ten hitherto known species of Elacatophora L. W. Schaufuss are distributed in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo and Java. Four newly described species expand the known genus range to Sumatra (Elacatophora jambiana sp. n. and E. kerinciana sp. n.), Thailand (E. thailandiana sp. n.), and north-eastern sub-Himalayan India (E. indica sp. n.).
Light trapping in a 2D gold nanotrench grating at azimuth angles of incidence

Light absorption in a 2D gold nanotrench grating at azimuth angles of incidence is investigated. It is found that the spectral linewidth of the absorption spectrum decreases as the azimuth angle of incidence increases.
Bayesian Coresets: Revisiting the Nonconvex Optimization Perspective

Bayesian coresets have emerged as a promising approach for implementing scalable Bayesian inference. The Bayesian coreset problem involves selecting a (weighted) subset of the data samples, such that the posterior inference using the selected subset closely approximates the posterior inference using the full dataset. This manuscript revisits Bayesian coresets through the lens of sparsity constrained optimization. Leveraging recent advances in accelerated optimization methods, we propose and analyze a novel algorithm for coreset selection. We provide explicit convergence rate guarantees and present an empirical evaluation on a variety of benchmark datasets to highlight our proposed algorithm's superior performance compared to state-of-the-art on speed and accuracy.
Biomarkers of Recent Cannabis Use in Blood, Oral Fluid and Breath.

Proving driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) is difficult. Establishing a biomarker of recent use to supplement behavioral observations may be a useful alternative strategy. We determined whether cannabinoid concentrations in blood, oral fluid (OF) or breath could identify use within the past 3 h-likely the period of the greatest impairment. In a randomized trial, 191 frequent (≥4/week) and occasional (<4/week) cannabis users smoked one cannabis (placebo [0.02%], or 5.9% or 13.4% Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) cigarette ad libitum. Blood, OF and breath samples were collected prior to and up to 6 h after smoking. Samples were analyzed for 10 cannabinoids in OF, 8 in blood and THC in breath. Frequent users had more residual THC in blood and were more likely to be categorized as 'recently used' prior to smoking; this did not occur in OF. Per se limits ranging from undetectable to 5 ng/mL THC in blood offered limited usefulness as biomarkers of recent use. Cannabinol (CBN, cutoff = 1 ng/mL) in blood offered 100% specificity but only 31.4% sensitivity, resulting in 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and 94.0% negative predictive value (NPV) at 4.3% prevalence; however, CBN may vary by cannabis chemovar. A 10 ng/mL THC cutoff in OF exhibited the overall highest performance to detect its use within 3 h (99.7% specificity, 82.4% sensitivity, 92.5% PPV and 99.2% NPV) but was still detectable in 23.2% of participants ∼4.4 h post-smoking, limiting specificity at later time points. OF THC may be a helpful indicator of recent cannabis intake, but this does not equate to impairment. Behavioral assessment of impairment is still required to determine DUIC. This study only involved cannabis inhalation, and additional research evaluating alternative routes of ingestion (i.e., oral) is needed.
Proton-Coupled Group Transfer Enables Concerted Protonation Pathways Relevant to Small-Molecule Activation

The mechanistic identification of Nature's use of concerted reactions, in which all bond breaking and bond making occurs in a single step, has inspired rational designs for artificial synthetic transformations via pathways that bypass high-energy intermediates that would otherwise be thermodynamically and kinetically inaccessible. In this contribution we electrochemically activate an organometallic Ruthenium(II) complex to show that, in acetonitrile solutions, the movement of protons from weak Bronsted acids, such as water and methanol, is coupled with the transfer of its negatively charged counterpart to carbon dioxide (CO2)─a process termed proton-coupled group transfer─to stoichiometrically produce a metal-hydride complex and a carbonate species. These previously unidentified pathways have played key roles in CO2 and proton reduction catalysis by enabling the generation of key intermediates such as hydrides and metallocarboxylic acids, while their applicability to carbon acids may provide alternative approaches in the electrosynthesis of chemical commodities via alkylation and carboxylation reactions.
Adaptive Optics: Performance and Limitations

Adaptive optics systems are now being developed for astronomical applications. On large telescopes, a substantial image improvement can be obtained in the near infrared, using natural guide stars.
Characterization and Isolation of Dopamine-Binding Proteins in Rat CNS by Gel Electrophoresis & Affinity Chromatography

During the last decade, neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system have received considerable attention from investigators in search of unknown factors that may be involved in the etiology of various neurological and psychiatric disorders. In particular, dopamine (DA) receptors have been shown to be related to tardive dyskinesia (Baldessarini and Tarsey, 1980; Creese and Snyder, 1980 and Jeste and Wyatt, 1981), Parkinson’s disease (Lee et al., 1981 and Rinne, et al., 1981), Huntington’s Chorea (Login et al., 1982) and schizophrenia (Crow et al., 1978; Lee et al., 1978; Lee and Seeman, 1980; and Mackay et al., 1980).
Percutaneous implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis. Editorial comment

Recently, percutaneous aortic valve implantation has become an alternative technique to surgical valve replacement in patient at high risk for surgery. Our animal experimentation evaluated the technical feasibility of aortic valve replacement using a bovine pericardium valve sutured on a self-expandable stent in a sheep model. Precise implantation with satisfactory attachment on the adjacent tissues and absence of migration was obtain in 8 out of 14 animals. This study confirmed the feasibility of the endovascular implantation of a pericardium valve sutured on a self-expandable stent in a sheep model.
Extending the RMON matrix group to provide network layer statistics

The Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP is an application level protocol developed for the Internet suite of protocols. It is a connectionless protocol that provides a basic, easily implemented network-management tool for TCP/IP-based environments. With the current Internet management information base standard for SNMP (MIB-II) a network manager can obtain information that is local to a managed device. However, a manager cannot easily learn about traffic as a whole on the LAN.A valuable addition to SNMP, which provides the network manager with important global network information, is the remote network monitoring (RMON) standard. RMON agents, unlike SNMP agents, operate in promiscuous mode and process all packets occurring on the net. The RMON MIB supplements MIB II.This paper presents common network problems that cannot be solved using existing MIB-II or RMON objects. To solve these problems we recommend new MIB objects that extend the RMON matrix group to provide network layer statistics which give a view of packet traffic beyond the local network. We show that network configuration and troubleshooting are improved and verify our results by example.
The Interaction between Memory Allocation and Adaptive Partitioning in Message-Passing Multicomputers

Most studies on adaptive partitioning policies for scheduling parallel jobs on distributed memory parallel computers ignore the constraints imposed by the memory requirements of the jobs. In this paper, we first show that these constraints can have a negative impact on the performance of adaptive partitioning policies. We then evaluate the performance of adaptive partitioning in a system where these minimum processor constraints are eased due to the provision of support for virtual memory. Our primary conclusion is that any performance benefits resulting from the easing of minimum processor constraints imposed by the memory requirements of jobs will be negated by the overhead due to paging.
Dietary garcinol retarded pancreatic cancer progression in kras and p53 transgenic mouse model (829.29)

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma has less than 6% five year survival rate, the lowest in all cancer types. Garcinol is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivative from Garcinia Indica fruit extract. Invitro data from our lab showed that Garcinol displayed a dose dependent favorable response in pancreatic cancer lines. In this study, we investigated the invivo effects of dietary Garcinol in a transgenic mouse model of Pancreatic Cancer. Reduced tumor progression observed in MRI scans in live animal was investigated through changes in micro RNA and mRNA expressions (microarray& RTPCR). We probed the differences in Urinary Metabolomic profiles (MP) of Garcinol treated mice (KGr) compared to non-treated (KC) mice for metabolic response to the treatment. Nuclear Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on Varian-500S. Simca P+ and CHENOMX NMR suite were used for Metabolomic analysis of urinary spectra. Urinary MP from week 6 KGr group were closer to non- cancer (CC) and week 2 of KC group. Target analysis wi...
Effect of fiber-based creep feed on intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, and microbial efficiency in nursing calves

Six Angus crossbred cow-calf pairs (653 +/- 35 kg and 157 +/- 10 kg initial BW for cows and calves, respectively) were used to evaluate the influence of a fiber-based creep feed on intake, ruminal fermentation, digestion characteristics, and microbial efficiency in nursing beef calves. Cow-calf pairs were stratified by calf age and assigned randomly to one of two treatments: control (no supplement) or supplemented. Supplemented calves received 0.9 kg of a 49% soy hulls, 44% wheat middlings, 6% molasses, and 1% limestone supplement (DM basis) daily. All calves were cannulated in the rumen and duodenum and given ad libitum access to chopped brome hay (Bromus inermus L; 7.43% CP, 40.96% ADF, and 63.99% NDF; DM basis). Supplementation was initiated on May 1 (88 +/- 10.3 d calf age). Three sampling periods were conducted throughout the study (June 14 to 25, July 5 to 16, and August 9 to 20). Supplement and forage were offered at 0800 daily. Total, hay, and milk OM intakes of nursing calves were not affected by supplementation (2,014 vs. 2,328 +/- 288.8, 1,486 vs. 1,029 +/- 3,06.9, and 528 vs. 575 +/- 87.0 g/d, respectively). Milk OM intake was less (P 0.40) total-tract OM digestibility during June and August; however, during July, total-tract OM digestibility was lower (P = 0.03) for the control calves. Ruminal ammonia concentration, total VFA, and butyrate molar proportion increased (P < 0.05), whereas acetate proportion decreased (P = 0.01) in supplemented calves. Microbial efficiency was not influenced by supplementation (11.8 vs. 12.0 g/kg of OM truly fermented for control and supplemented calves, respectively). These data indicate that fiber-based supplements can be used as creep feed without negative effects on OM intake, total-tract OM digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics in nursing beef calves.
Emotional Fitness for Track and Field Competition

(1961). Emotional Fitness for Track and Field Competition. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 29-30.
Cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibition and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in younger vs. older healthy adults.

Aim A major feature of endothelial dysfunction is reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation, which in ageing may be due to decreased production of endothelial prostacyclin, or nitric oxide (NO), or both. Method We tested this hypothesis in 12 younger (age 18–38 years, six women) and 12 older healthy adults (age 55–73 years, six post-menopausal women). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was assessed by the forearm vascular conductance (FVC) response to intra-arterial acetylcholine (ACh) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 μg dl−1 forearm tissue min−1) before and 90 min after inhibition of the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) with oral celecoxib (400 mg), followed by the addition of endothelial NO synthase inhibition with intra-arterial NG-monomethyl-l arginine acetate (L-NMMA). Results Ageing was associated with a significantly reduced FVC response to ACh (P = 0.009, age-by-dose interaction; highest dose FVC ± SEM in ageing: 11.2 ± 1.4 vs. younger: 17.7 ± 2.4 units, P = 0.02). Celecoxib did not reduce resting FVC or the responses to ACh in any group. L-NMMA significantly reduced resting FVC and the responses to ACh in all groups, and absolute FVC values following L-NMMA were similar between groups. Conclusion In healthy normotensive younger and older adults, there is minimal contribution of prostacyclin to ACh-mediated vasodilation, yet the NO component of vasodilation is reduced with ageing. In the clinical context, these findings suggest that acute administration of medications that inhibit prostacyclin (i.e. COX-2 inhibitors) evoke modest vascular consequences in healthy persons. Additional studies are necessary to test whether chronic use of COX-2 medications reduces endothelium dependent vasodilation in older persons with or without cardiovascular risk factors.
How people with autism think

I am a high-functioning person with autism. I operate a successful livestock-equipment design business and I hold a teaching position at Colorado State University. During the last 7 years I have published and lectured on my experiences with autism. I provide a unique perspective by combining scientific knowledge with my own experiences.
Pre-operative chemoradiation for sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma of the anterior nasal cavity resected through a lateral nasal flap approach

Abstract Introduction Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is an exceedingly rare and aggressive tumor that carries a poor prognosis due to its non-specific presentation and advanced stage at time of diagnosis. Early detection and treatment are vital, with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery all being viable options. The literature is sparse and there is no consensus for optimal treatment. In surgical candidates, the otolaryngologist must have a vast skill set in order to resect the tumor with wide margins and reconstruct the defect in hopes of returning the patient to their pre-morbid state. Methods A 74-year-old female presented with a growing left nasal mass which was biopsied and found to be a sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma originating from the anterior nasal cavity between the septum and upper lateral cartilage. The patient was treated with neo-adjuvant carboplatin with concurrent radiation, followed by resection through a lateral nasal flap. The defect was reconstructed with a contralateral septal hinge flap and septal cartilage graft with primary closure of the lateral nasal flap. Results Intraoperatively, no skin or cartilage invasion was noted and as such, nasal skin was spared and utilized for primary closure. At a follow-up of 3 months, the patient had no evidence of recurrence and had a well healing repair site with satisfactory cosmesis. Conclusions Despite the aggressive nature of SNUC tumors, neo-adjuvant chemo-radiation and surgical intervention with functionally and aesthetically minded reconstruction can provide patients with improved outcomes and decreased morbidity.
Antecedents and outcomes of market mavenism: Insights based on survey and purchase data

Abstract In this study, we explore three key dimensions (price search, human capital and perceived benefits) for their roles as influencers of market mavenism behavior by consumers. We also investigate the effect of market mavenism on several managerially relevant and observable market outcomes, such as cross-store price savings and deal proneness are explored. A primary data collection strategy that surveys consumers on their stated price search behavior and attitudes towards price search links explicitly with consumers' actual, observed purchase behavior. The findings are consistent with economics of information model for market mavens. Specifically, we find that mavens engaged in more cross-store price search and perceived a greater price dispersion among retailers. Along the human capital dimension, market knowledge of price and investment search were positive influencers of market mavenism. Lastly, the perceived benefit of prior market knowledge reduced future search for mavens, and reduced their need for cross-store price search.