cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA17: Technologies for personalizing cancer immunotherapies

At the heart of most cancer immunotherapies are the specific interactions between tumor-infiltrating T cells, and the antigens that attract those T cells into the tumor. It has become increasingly apparent that (mutation containing) neoantigens likely play an important role in this regard. Putative neoantigens are identified by tumor exome analysis, but finding which of those candidates actually promote T cell tumor infiltration is challenging, as is pairing such antigens with the cognate T cell receptor (TCR) genes. Technologies that can address this challenge can help pave the way for personalized immunotherapies. For example, the active neoantigens can be engineered into personalized cell-based cancer vaccines, while the cognate TCRs represent engineered T cell therapy opportunities. I will discuss a nanotech/microchip tool that we have recently developed to address this challenge. The platform allows for the non-destructive enumeration of neoantigen specific T cell populations from either tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or unexpanded peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), beginning with as few as 10,000 CD8+ cells. I will discuss the application of the platform for kinetic studies of patient responses to checkpoint inhibitor therapy (via blood analysis), as well as applications for matching neoantigen-specificity with T cell receptor genes. I will also discuss how the resultant data can be used to guide the refinement of neoantigen prediction algorithms. Citation Format: Songming Peng, Jesse Zaretsky, Michael Bethune, Alice Hsu, John E. Heath, Won Jun Noh, Shannon Esswein, Antoni Ribas, David Baltimore, James R. Heath. Technologies for personalizing cancer immunotherapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2016 Oct 20-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2017;5(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA17.
Penta­kis­(μ3-N,2-di­oxido­benzene-1-car­box­imid­ato)di-μ2-formato-penta­kis­(1H-imidazole)­methanolpenta­manganese(III)man­gan­ese(II)–methanol–water (1/3.36/0.65)

The title compound, [Mn6(C7H4NO3)5(CHO2)2(C3H4N2)5(CH3OH)]·3.36CH3OH·0.65H2O, or Mn(II)(O2CH)2[15-MCMn(III)N(shi)-5](Im)5(MeOH)·3.36MeOH·0.65H2O (where MC is metallacrown, shi3− is salicyl­hydroximate, Im is imidazole and MeOH is methanol), contains five MnIII ions as members of the metallacrown ring and an MnII atom bound in the central cavity. The central MnII atom is seven-coordinate with a geometry best described as between face-capped trigonal–prismatic and face-capped octa­hedral. Three MnIII ions of the metallacrown ring are six-coordinate with distorted octa­hedral geometries. Of these six-coordinate MnIII ions, two have mirror-plane configurations, while the other has a Δ absolute stereoconfiguration. The remaining two MnIII ions have a coordination number of five with a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. The five imidazole ligands are bound to five different MnIII ions. Disorder is observed for one of the coordinating imidazole ligands, as the imidazole ligand is disordered over two alternative mutually exclusive positions in a ratio of 0.672 (9) to 0.328 (9). The inter­stitial voids between the main mol­ecules that constitute the structure are mostly filled with methanol mol­ecules that form hydrogen-bonded chains. Some of the sites of the non-coordinated methanol mol­ecules are not fully occupied, with the remainder of the volume either empty or taken up by ill-defined close to amorphous content. One site was refined as being taken up by either two or one methanol mol­ecules, with an occupancy ratio of 0.628 (5) to 0.343 (5). This disorder might thus be correlated with the disorder of the imidazole ring (an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the major moieties of the imidazole and the methanol mol­ecules is observed). On the other side of the disordered imidazole ring the chain of partially occupied methanol mol­ecules originates that extends via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to the metal-coordinated methanol mol­ecule. The three partially occupied methanol mol­ecules were refined to be disordered with two water mol­ecules to take two residual electron density peaks into account (the exact nature of these weak residual electron density peaks cannot be deduced from the X-ray diffraction data alone, the assignment as water is tentative). The occupancy rate for the methanol mol­ecules refined to 0.480 (7). The occupancy rate of the two water mol­ecules refined to 0.34 (1) and 0.31 (2) for each site.
Longitudinal phenotypes of type 1 diabetes in youth based on weight and glycemia and their association with complications.

Context Subclinical and clinical complications emerge early in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and may be associated with obesity and hyperglycemia. Objective Test how longitudinal "weight-glycemia" phenotypes increase susceptibility to different patterns of early/subclinical complications among youth with T1D. Design SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth observational study. Setting Population-based cohort. Participants Youth with T1D (n = 570) diagnosed 2002 to 2006 or 2008. Main outcome measures Participants were clustered based on longitudinal body mass index z score and HbA1c from a baseline visit and 5+ year follow-up visit (mean diabetes duration: 1.4 ± 0.4 years and 8.2 ± 1.9 years, respectively). Logistic regression modeling tested cluster associations with seven early/subclinical diabetes complications at follow-up, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, age, and duration. Results Four longitudinal weight-glycemia clusters were identified: The Referent Cluster (n = 195, 34.3%), the Hyperglycemia Only Cluster (n = 53, 9.3%), the Elevated Weight Only Cluster (n = 206, 36.1%), and the Elevated Weight With Increasing Hyperglycemia (EWH) Cluster (n = 115, 20.2%). Compared with the Referent Cluster, the Hyperglycemia Only Cluster had elevated odds of dyslipidemia [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.22, 95% CI: 1.15 to 4.29], retinopathy (aOR 9.98, 95% CI: 2.49 to 40.0), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (aOR 4.16, 95% CI: 1.37 to 12.62). The EWH Cluster had elevated odds of hypertension (aOR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.19 to 4.00), dyslipidemia (aOR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.41 to 3.95), arterial stiffness (aOR 2.46, 95% CI: 1.09 to 5.53), retinopathy (aOR 5.11, 95% CI: 1.34 to 19.46), and DKD (aOR 3.43, 95% CI: 1.29 to 9.11). Conclusions Weight-glycemia phenotypes show different patterns of complications, particularly markers of subclinical macrovascular disease, even in the first decade of T1D.
Computer-Assisted Instruction Research: A Critical Assessment

AbstractComputer-assisted instruction (CAI) has developed rapidly in the last few years. Corresponding to this development, there has been a significant increase in research on CAI effectiveness. Some of the early CAI research, perhaps due to the hastiness in producing findings, was not adequate or reliable. Deficiencies of the research were noticeable in: (a) the organization and clarity of the research report, (b) the internal and external validity of the experimental design, and (c) the approach to CAI research (mostly of the media comparative type). Awareness of these past errors should alert researchers and make future CAI research more valid and effective.
Correlation Coefficient Analysis of Centrality Metrics for Complex Network Graphs

The high-level contribution of this paper is a correlation coefficient analysis of the well-known centrality metrics (degree centrality, eigenvector centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, farness centrality and eccentricity) for network analysis studies on real-world network graphs representing diverse domains (ranging from 34 nodes to 332 nodes). We observe the two degree-based centrality metrics (degree and eigenvector centrality) to be highly correlated across all the networks studied. There is predominantly a moderate level of correlation between any two of the shortest paths-based centrality metrics (betweenness, closeness, farness and eccentricity) and such a correlation is consistently observed across all the networks. Though we observe a poor correlation between a degree-based centrality metric and a shortest-path based centrality metric for regular random networks, as the variation in the degree distribution of the vertices increases (i.e., as the network gets increasingly scale-free), the correlation coefficient between the two classes of centrality metrics increases.
Seasonal Occurrence and Abundance of Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Georgia Sod Farms

The billbug, Sphenophorus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important pest complex in sod farms in Georgia. Larval feeding within stolons and on roots affects spring recovery of slow-growing zoysiagrass and poses a serious challenge to machine harvesting, as the damaged turfgrass rarely holds together. Little is known about major billbug species and their seasonal occurrence and abundance in Georgia sod farms, as most previous research was conducted in golf courses in the region. In 2018 and 2019, adult billbugs were sampled from five zoysiagrass sod field sites in central Georgia. Four linear pitfall traps were used per site from February to December each year, and the traps were checked at weekly intervals. The data show that >98% of the sampled billbugs were the hunting billbug, Sphenophorus venatus vestitus Chittenden, whereas the nutgrass billbug, Sphenophorus cariosus Olivier; uneven billbug, Sphenophorus inaequalis Say; and vegetable weevil, Listroderes difficilis Germain were the minor species. Seasonal billbug capture was influenced by turfgrass phenology (e.g., early-growth-stage, late-growth-stage or fully grown turfgrass). The numbers of Sphenophorus spp. collected were significantly greater in the fully grown turfgrass than in the early- or late-growth-stage turfgrasses. Significantly greater densities of billbug were found in Zoysia matrella (L.) Merrill ('Zeon') and the Z. matrella × Zoysia pacifica (Goudswaard) M. Hotta & S. Kuroki hybrid ('Emerald') than in the Zoysia japonica (Steudel) cultivars 'El Toro' and 'Zenith'. Similar numbers of male and female billbugs were collected from the sod field sites.
Yuan’s Valuation under Managed Floating Exchange Rate Regime

To U.S. politicians, the undervaluation of the Chinese yuan is usually blamed for the tremendous trade deficit between the U.S. and China. This study examines the yuan’s valuation under the Managed...
From isolation to collaboration: creating an intentional community of practice within the doctoral dissertation proposal writing process

The purpose of this retrospective case study was to examine the implementation of peer- review practices in a doctoral dissertation proposal course. Twenty-eight doctoral candidates’ perceptions of...
The Current Status of Digital Media Education in Advertising and Other Communication Disciplines

Rapid technological advancements in the advertising industry coupled with the economic downturn have placed heavy pressure on advertising educators to prepare students for competitive job markets. ...
Accuracy of Predictive Algorithms in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Acute Periprosthetic Joint Infections Treated With Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention (DAIR)

Abstract Background Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) failure remains high for total hip and knee arthroplasty periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). We sought to determine the predictive value of the CRIME80 and KLIC for failure of DAIR in acute hematogenous (AH) and acute postoperative (AP) PJIs, respectively. Methods We identified 134 patients who underwent DAIR for AH PJI with Results For the AP cohort, AUCs were below 0.66 for KLIC, Charlson comorbidity index, Elixhauser comorbidity index, and McPherson host grade. For the AH cohort, 90-day AUCs were 0.70 for CRIME80 and below 0.66 for Charlson comorbidity index, Elixhauser comorbidity index, and McPherson host grade. In multivariate analysis controlling for age, sex, and body mass index, the CRIME80 AUC improved to 0.77 at 90 days. Conclusion To the authors’ knowledge, this study represents the first external validation of the KLIC and CRIME80 for predicting DAIR failure in a North American population. The results indicate that alternative methods for predicting DAIR failure at 90 days and 2 years for acute PJI are needed. Level of Evidence Prognostic III.
The role of eye movements, attention, and hand movements on age-related differences in pegboard tests.

Well-documented manual dexterity impairments in older adults may critically depend on the processing of visual information. The purpose of this study was to determine age-related changes in eye and...
An analytical model for simulating step-function injection in a radial geometry

An analytical model is developed for analyzing underground injection of wastes that undergo advection, dispersion, sorption, and first-order degradation. The model uses a time-dependent, step-function source that simulates intermittent waste injection in a continuous fluid injection well. The governing equations for a cylindrically symmetrical system are cast in nondimensional form and then transformed and solved in Laplace space. The Laplace space solution is inverted with the Crump algorithm, which uses the real and imaginary parts of a Fourier series. The numerical solution is verified by replicating the step-function source at the point of injection, and the behavior of the model is demonstrated in a series of figures. The model is recommended for quick, scoping calculations in which there is little site-specific information and periods of discontinuous radial injection.
A survey of portable software

Many environments today offer "walk-up" computers for temporary use, such as casual computing labs available to all students at a school. A growing topic of interest is the use of "portable" software for specialized needs, which does not need to be installed on a computer but instead is provided on removable media. Using a program on more than one computer can impact licensing issues for commercial packages; open-source and freely available packages avoid these problems. Most portable software packages are general applications such as email clients, word processors, etc. The target operating system is generally a version of Microsoft Windows®. Other packages are based on bootable media to provide an entire computing environment. This paper describes and briefly compares some approaches for accessing software from removable media.
Field equations in teleparallel space–time: Einstein's Fernparallelismus approach toward unified field theory

Abstract A historical account of Einstein's Fernparallelismus approach toward a unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism is given. In this theory, a space–time characterized by a curvature-free connection in conjunction with a metric tensor field, both defined in terms of a dynamical tetrad field, is investigated. The approach was pursued by Einstein in a number of publications that appeared in the period from summer 1928 until spring 1931. In the historical analysis special attention is given to the question of how Einstein tried to find field equations for the tetrads. We claim that it was the failure to find and justify a uniquely determined set of acceptable field equations that eventually led to Einstein's abandoning this approach. We comment on some historical and systematic similarities between the Fernparallelismus episode and the Entwurf theory, i.e., the precursor theory of general relativity pursued by Einstein in the years 1912–1915.
Site of Initiation of Cellular Autolysis in Streptococcus faecalis as Seen by Electron Microscopy

Abstract Low concentrations of glutaraldehyde (0.1% or higher) blocked cellular and wall autolysis. The site of autolytic activity was studied by allowing cell autolysis to proceed for very short periods (0 to 15 min) before addition of glutaraldehyde. Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections showed that the primary site of autolytic activity was the leading edge of the nascent cross wall. The base of the cross wall seemed more resistant than the tip. Evidence supporting the involvement of autolysin activity in continued wall extension and in cell separation as well as in the initiation of new sites of wall extension was obtained. In cells exposed for 10 min to chloramphenicol, wall dissolution was very much slower but occurred at the same cross wall site.
And the Girls in their Sunday Dresses: Four Works

Two very different women meet during a long wait to buy subsidized rice and discover they have more in common than their poverty; an old man and a child share a last loving waltz; a cynical, disabled gangster learns humanity from a committed social worker, and a young girl finds her missing father and her role in the political struggle. This collection of stage plays, one radio play and a cinepoem, captures the essence of Zakes Mda's method as a dramatist a slow but intimate process of revelation (on the part of the characters). It is an artistic cooperation of the most pleasurable kind.
Reconciling Federal Circuit Choice of Law witheBay v. MercExchange’s Abrogation of the Presumption of Irreparable Harm in Copyright Preliminary Injunctions

In 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in eBay, Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C. did more than establish the four-factor test that courts must utilize when determining whether to grant permanent injunctions for patent infringement. It also spawned a movement among lower courts to abandon the judicially created and sometimes-criticized practice of presuming the most important factor of the injunction analysis— irreparable harm—upon a showing of patent or copyright infringement. Over the past several decades, presuming such harm routinely permitted courts to automatically grant preliminary injunctions once a plaintiff proved a likelihood of success on the merits. This practice contrasted sharply with the historical nature of preliminary injunctions as “extraordinary” relief, which rested the burden of proof on the plaintiff. In Jacobsen v. Katzer, the Federal Circuit became the first circuit to directly address eBay’s potential application to preliminary injunctions in the copyright context. The Jacobsen court declined to invoke eBay’s standards, and instead applied the Ninth Circuit’s pre-eBay presumption of irreparable harm, as Federal Circuit precedent requires application of regional circuit law to copyright matters. This ruling contrasted with every circuit to subsequently confront the issue, including the Ninth Circuit, which effectively overruled the very presumption that the Jacobsen court utilized. This Note posits that the Jacobsen court erred in enforcing the presumption in a post-eBay landscape to begin with, as eBay indeed abrogated the presumption of irreparable harm as applied to copyright preliminary injunctions. Further, it urges the Federal Circuit to apply eBay’s holding in future copyright cases where the regional circuit has not directly addressed the presumption’s post-eBay vitality.
El culto tradicional y la realidad social: la arquitectura religiosa de Richard J. Neutra

This work will investigate the concepts and strategies developed by Richard Neutra around religious architecture and recovery of these as proposed for the XXI century. In all ages the cultural variations, political upheavals and economic crises have led to a reconsideration of traditional forms of worship and service. In his six religious projects designed and built between 1957 and 1968 (the churches Riviera, Claremont, Garden Grove and St. Andrew, the military chapel Miramar and the Congregational church - school), Richard Neutra suggested architectural solutions that not only embraced the values modern but also followed the traditions and dogmas of the Christian community. In 1960, the Madrid journal Informes de la Construccion published an article written by the same Neutra entitled ‘What should look like a church?’. In that article, Neutra highlights three fundamental keys to project religious architecture that connects theology, Christian practice and secular culture today. These three keys include the seamless integration of architecture and natural and physical environment, the preeminence of the inspired word, and deep understanding of the ways in which the human being plays the act of worship. Besides the previously mentioned article, this work will discover other key documents to Neutral, both published and unpublished, such as ‘Science and religion through the experience of an architect’, ‘Churches that are embedded in Creation’, ‘Church and religion’ and ‘Designing a church inside-outside’ (UCLA). They will use these items to highlight to Neutra deep thought on the appropriate form of religious architecture. Finally, we propose the religious architecture of Richard Neutra as a model for the architects of the century to deal with the current division between postmodern life and Christian worship tradition.
Abstract T MP83: Simulation Based Medical Education For Incoming Neurology Trainees to Improve Hospital Stroke Emergency Performance

INTRODUCTION: An ED-based “stroke code” demands timely decision making and prioritization of tasks by the stroke team neurologist while coordinating care with ED staff, radiology and pharmacists. Simulation-based medical education (SBME) focuses on obtaining clinical skills belonging to the psychomotor, cognitive and affective domains. SBME is superior to the traditional style of medical education and has shown improved outcomes of knowledge, skills and behaviors and moderate effects for patient-related outcomes in other emergency based scenarios including ACLS and procedure-based learning. HYPOTHESIS: To describe the rationale and design for a novel hospital based stroke simulation. SBME can improve stroke code efficiency particularly for inexperienced stroke team members. METHODS: Six incoming PG2 neurology residents participated in a pilot study using a high fidelity patient simulation of an acute ED-based stroke code at week 1 and 3 of orientation. The trainee independently managed every step from activation of the stroke pager including a focused patient assessment, ordering and interpreting labs and imaging, managing common obstacles, staffing with the on-call attending, working with ancillary staff and appropriate treatment as indicated. Residents completed an affective survey, pre- and post-test cognitive assessment and debriefing with feedback, as well as real time checklist and review of videotaped assessment of their performance. RESULTS: Subjects showed a 16.1% improvement in the cognitive assessment from week 1 to week 3 (p=0.02). The affective survey showed residents were moderate to highly confident in their ability to perform a history and physical prior to participation, yet they had low confidence utilizing the NIHSS and managing medications for acute stroke in the ED prior to participation. CONCLUSION: SBME can facilitate the acquisition of technical and non-technical skills such as leadership, team work, communication, situational awareness, decision-making, cognizance of personal limitations important for patient safety and a learning cycle of debriefing and feedback. Post-test and affective survey results demonstrate improvements in the cognitive domain and resident confidence respectively.
Damage Tolerance of Composite Laminates from an Empirical Perspective

Damage tolerance consists of analysis and experimentation working together. Impact damage is usually of most concern for laminated composites. Once impacted, the residual compression strength is usually of most interest. Other properties may be of more interest than compression (application dependent). A damage tolerance program is application specific (not everyone is building aircraft). The "Building Block Approach" is suggested for damage tolerance. Advantage can be taken of the excellent fatigue resistance of damaged laminates to save time and costs.
The impact of PTSD treatment on the cortisol awakening response.

Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with abnormal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; however, limited research has examined whether cortisol levels change following successful PTSD treatment. The current study examined the impact of successful PTSD treatment on the cortisol awakening response (CAR).
Populism in Washington: A Study of the Legislature of 1897

"In spite of their temperamental independence, their occasional susceptibility to bribery and influence, the Populist legislators of 1897 will not suffer greatly by comparison with their contemporaries, while in Governor Rogers the party gave to the state a great leader, deserving of lasting recognition for his courage, his integrity and his devotion to the cause of the common man."
The Rhizome of the Deaf Child

This article provides an analysis of the binary construction of human communication as it is represented in the debates about pediatric cochlear implantation. While the authors express their concer...
Reproductive Success of Colonial Tree-nesting Waterbirds in Prairie Pothole Wetlands and Rivers throughout Northeastern South Dakota

The northern Great Plains of North America provides critical breeding habitat for many colonial tree-nesting waterbirds, but reproductive success and population parameters for these species are largely unknown within the Prairie Pothole Region, specifically in South Dakota. The objective of this study was to evaluate reproductive success of colonial tree-nesting waterbirds on selected wetlands and rivers in northeast South Dakota. During the 2008 and 2009 breeding seasons, nesting and fledging success of Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Great Egret (A. alba), Snowy Egret (Egretta thula), and Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) were estimated in 39 individual colonies. A total of 2551 individual nests were monitored from 15 Apr. - 15 Aug. in 2008 and 2009. Overall apparent nest and fledge success (respectively) were: Black-crowned Night-Heron (52.1%, 47.9%), Great Blue Heron (58.2%, 35.9%), Cattle Egret (73.1%, 69.2%), Great Egret (61.5%, 50.7%), Snowy Egret (83.6%, 81.7%), and Double-crested Cormorant (70.4%, 54.2%). Nest abandonment accounted for an average of 47.6% of nest failures for all species combined. Nest structure failure and young dying within nests accounted for most failures to fledge. Nesting success increased with the area of wetland habitat in the landscape for all species analyzed. Lower reproductive success of Black-crowned Night-Heron and Great Blue Heron, compared to other findings across the U.S. and Canada, suggests that these breeding populations in northeast South Dakota may be declining. Cattle Egret, Great Egret, Snowy Egret, and Double-crested Cormorant reproductive success is relatively high in northeast South Dakota compared to other North American populations. Preserving and restoring wetland habitat surrounding waterbird colonies will provide successful nesting habitat as well as foraging areas and opportunities for new colony site locations.
Esophageal Function Testing

During the past 25 years, there has been an evolution in our ability to evaluate esophageal function and to perform shortand long-term monitoring of the patient with symptoms suspected to be due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The growing use of laparoscopic antireflux surgery and now endoscopic antireflux therapy mandates a careful evaluation of patients preparing for these procedures. Patients with atypical chest pain, nonobstructive dysphagia, and other extraesophageal symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease present a clinical and diagnostic dilemma. Improvements in the methodology of esophageal function testing now allow us to measure intraluminal pressure and coordination of pressure activity of the muscles of the esophagus accurately and provide qualitative and quantitative assessment of these esophageal pressures and their coordination and motility. The availability of multichannel intraluminal impedance testing allows us to measure changes in resistance to alternating current between two electrodes and to evaluate bolus movement with liquid and viscous material in the antegrade and retrograde directions. Ambulatory pH monitoring can be accomplished with singleor multiplechannel intraluminal electrodes to assess intragastric, intraesophageal, and pharyngeal pH and has become the backbone of our understanding of GERD and the antisecretory capability of proton pump inhibitors. The addition of wireless pH monitoring (Bravo capsule) has added to our armamentarium, and the development of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH Gastrointest Endoscopy Clin N Am
Magnesium chloride supported high mileage catalysts for olefin (decene‐1) polymerization XV. Termination and energetics

Polymerizations of decene-1 were carried out from 0° to 70° at A/T = 167 and [M] = 0.75 M initiated by 0.17, 0.34, and 0.69 mM of Ti contained in the MgCl2/ethylbenzoate/p-cresol/AlEt3/TiCl4-AlEt3/methyl-p-toluate catalyst. The rate of polymerization is directly proportional to the catalyst concentration. About 12% of the Ti in the catalyst is initially active at 50°; they are 1.4%, 8.8%, and 9.4% at 0°, 25°, and 70°, respectively. The changes of Rp with temperature parallels the variations in the active site concentration. The decline of Rp with time has second-order plots with slopes which are inversely proportional to the catalyst concentration, but the rate constants for these deactivations are nearly the same for decene and propylene polymerizations. These results strongly support a mechanism of deactivation involving two adjacent sites in the catalyst particle surfaces. The rate constants of propagation and of chain transfer to AlEt3, the energetics for these processes, and MW and MW distribution data have been obtained.
Metrics on spaces of finite trees

Abstract With the increasing popularity of hierarchical clustering methods in behavioral science, there is a need for ways of quantitatively comparing different tree structures on the same set of items. We employ lattice-theoretic methods to construct a variety of metrics on spaces of trees and to analyze their properties. Certain of these metrics are applied to data from Fillenbaum and Rapoport (1971) on the semantic structure of common English kin terms. This application shows that tree metrics can be used to select a componential analysis which is maximally consistent with an empirically derived set of trees.
Stereoselective syntheses of substituted methyl (Z,E,E)-deca-2,7.9-trienoates and substituted methyl (Z,E,E)-undeca-2,8,10-trienoates

Lindlar hydrogenation of substituted methyl (E,E)-deca-7,9-dien-2-ynoates and substituted methyl (E,E)-undeca-8,10-dien-2-ynoates affords selectively the corresponding (Z,E,E)-trienes.
Supplementary Data on Phenylacetaldehyde: an Attractant for Lepidoptera

Phenylacetaldehyde was tested by itself in 1965 and with the female cabbage looper sex pheromone in 1971 to obtain additional data on its attractancy to Tichoplusia ni (Hubner), and other lepidopterous species. Phenylacelaldehyde has been previously reported to be lightly attractive to male and female cabbage looper moths. The present tests showed extreme variation in its attractiveness to females, and its attractiveness 10 males could not he ascertained precisely because of the presence of live females (captured) in the traps. Addition of phenylacetaldehyde to the pheromone traps enhanced the total catch. Screen-cage traps were more efficient than were can-type traps in catching moths.
Synergistic interactions between aminoflavone, paclitaxel and camptothecin in human breast cancer cells

Purpose Aminoflavone is a unique DNA damaging agent currently undergoing phase I evaluation in a prodrug form (AFP464). In anticipation of combination regimens, interactions between aminoflavone and several anticancer drugs were investigated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells to determine whether synergistic cancer cell killing effects were observed.
The effect of lead on thyroid function in children

Exposure to inorganic lead has been associated with impaired uptake of iodine by the thyroid as well as depressed estimated free thyroxine levels in occupationally exposed adults. Consideration of the serious consequences of impaired thyroid function in young children prompted investigation of the effects of lead on thyroid function in children. Blood lead determinations and thyroid function tests were performed on 68 children examined at a hospital outpatient pediatric clinic. Serum thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were within the normal range for all patients. No statistically significant relationship was found between lead levels and T4 or FT4 levels. We conclude that lead is unlikely to have a clinically significant effect on thyroid function in children exposed in inner cities at prevailing levels.
Japan's anti‐nuclear weapons policy misses its target, even in the war on terrorism

While actively working to promote the abolition of all nuclear weapons from the world since the end of the cold war, Japan's disarmament policies are not without problems. Promoting the elimination of nuclear weapons as Japan remains under the US nuclear umbrella creates a major credibility problem for Tokyo, since this decision maintains a Japanese deterrence policy at the same time that officials push for disarmament. Tokyo also advocates a gradual approach to the abolition of nuclear weapons, a decision that has had no effect on those countries that have been conducting sub-critical nuclear testing, nor stopped India and Pakistan from carrying out nuclear tests. Consistent with Article 9 of the Constitution, the Japanese war-renouncing constitutional clause, Tokyo toughened Japan's sizeable Official Development Assistance (ODA) programme in the early 1990s. Because of the anti-military guidelines included in Japan's ODA programme, Tokyo stopped new grant and loan aid to India and Pakistan in 1998 after these countries conducted nuclear tests. However, because of the criticism Japan faced from its failure to participate in the 1991 Gulf War, Tokyo has been seeking a new Japanese role in international security during the post-cold war period. Deepening its commitment to the security alliance with the US, Tokyo has become increasingly influenced by Washington's global polices, including the American war on terrorism. After Washington decided that Pakistan would be a key player in the US war on terrorism, Tokyo restored grant and loan aid to both Islamabad and New Delhi, despite the unequivocal restrictions of Japan's ODA programme.
A Wireless System for Evaluating Postural Position

Falls account for almost two million emergency department visits per year in the United States and are the leading cause of injury deaths among adults 65 years of age and older. Despite efforts to reduce fall risk factors, about one-third of community-dwelling older adults fall each year in the United States. New methods and devices are needed to prevent falls and to reduce morbidity and mortality related to falls. Presently, it is unknown if there is a measurable change in sway before a person falls as a result of age or medical condition. The purpose of this research is to develop a device that can be used to measure the prefall motion outside of a laboratory setting. To study human prefall motion, we developed a gyroscope-based sensor to test two concepts. The first was that a single-axis gyroscope could be used to directly measure angular position changes due to postural perturbations. The second was that a small widely used microprocessor could be used to distinguish normal from potentially problematic motion. This proof-of-concept prototype counted how many times perturbations occurred that were unlikely to be due to normal activities such as walking and stair climbing. With these basic concepts demonstrated, we sought to expand the device into a more versatile form using the same general approach. A wireless data acquisition system was developed. A fall was induced to allow the study of prefall motion on a healthy subject. The data collected showed a measureable change in postural motion. The developed device provides a viable approach to evaluating postural angular position that can be used outside of a laboratory facility. Further testing and development will involve additional subject testing and expansion of the device to function as an early fall detection or warning system. This research serves as a basis for further work in postural sway and interventions to prevent falls.
System identification from nonuniformly spaced signal measurements

Abstract A couple of techniques for parameter estimation of a signal consisting of complex exponentials are presented. The system model employs the higher-order derivatives, or zero-initial conditioned integrals of the signal, together with the signal values. When the signal is sampled at nonuniformly distributed points, the orthogonal polynomial approximation and minimum error-variance criterion are used to compute all the values needed in the system models. The developed system models are demonstrated to give results better in accuracy than what can be obtained by employing Prony's method in a specific problem.
Population Size, Cage Area, and Dominance Rank Effects on Productivity and Well-Being of Laying Hens

The effect of two cage population sizes (four vs. six/cage) and two cage area treatments (316 cm2 vs. 406 cm2/bird) were compared in a nonconfounded design while maintaining feeder space constant (8.9 cm/bird) for egg production performances and behavioral and physiological indicators of well-being of laying hens. Egg production rates were determined for all members of each cage group (palpations at 48 to 50 wk) and on a cage group basis (20 to 60 wk). Heart weights, plasma corticosterone levels, durations of tonic immobility (TI), and plumage conditions were compared for top and bottom birds in the dominance ranks. Significant reductions in egg production were observed for low ranking hens in the high density (4 and 6/316-cm2) treatments. In addition, high ranking hens of the 6/316-cm2 treatment produced fewer eggs than high ranking hens in the 4/316-cm2 treatment. When high and low ranking individuals were housed in single-hen cages, egg production was improved relative to performances in the social environments. Heart weights of hens, as a percentage of body weight, were increased in the low ranking hens and for hens in the smaller cage size. Plasma corticosterone did not prove to be a useful indicator of well-being. Low ranking individuals had greater durations of TI but differences in feather condition were not detected. The results support the contention that appropriate population sizes and cage space allocations can be determined that will optimize the performance and welfare of layers in cage environments.
PREGNANCY AFTER FONTAN OPERATION: EARLY AND LATE OUTCOMES

The Fontan procedure is the definitive operation for patients with single ventricle physiology. As more women with Fontan operations reach childbearing age, it is important to determine the impact pregnancy has on short and long-term outcomes. The purpose of this multicenter study was to determine
Localization of lh receptors on luteal cells with a ferritin-lh conjugate

Abstract In order to study the distribution of LH (HCG) receptors on luteal cells ferritin was coupled to ovine LH with glutaraldehy de and purified by gel chromatography. The conjugate (FELH) competed with 125I-hCG for binding to isolated luteal membranes and stimulated a dose-dependent release of progesterone (P) from isolated luteal cells which was inhibited by PGF2α. FELH was distributed as single molecules or in small clusters at intervals on the surfaces of luteal cells labeled at 37°C, 4°C or with formaldehyde prefixation. Capping or preferential labeling at one site was not observed. The general distribution of LH (hCG) binding sites at 37°C was confirmed by light-microscopic autoradiography. The distribution at 4°C or with prefixation was more diffuse than at 37°C suggesting that FELH binding induces small changes in receptor aggregation. Binding of FELH was specific since excess hCG reduced FELH binding to luteal cells. In cells labeled at 4°C, rinsed and warmed to 37°C FELH was observed along cell surfaces and within some coated vesicles and a few lysosomes within minutes suggesting that receptor internalization is a rapid and possibly continual process.
Systemic iodine 125 activity after GliaSite brachytherapy: safety considerations.

Abstract Purpose After contaminated radioactive linens were detected on the completion of intracranial brachytherapy for a patient episodically incontinent of urine, the systemic absorption of iodine 125 from the GliaSite Radiation Therapy System was studied. Diffusion and leakage of 125 I through the walls of the GliaSite balloon catheter have previously been reported to be negligible in both animal and human studies examining the radioactivity of urine during and after treatment. Our study estimated total systemic absorption based on activity defect measurements rather than using urinary excretion as a surrogate. Methods and materials Six patients treated with complete data were reviewed. The activity at the time of injection was compared to the activity recovered on completion of treatment after adjustment for decay. Results By comparing the activity of 125 I infused with the activity recovered, 0.5–5.5% of infused 125 I remained unaccounted after adjusting for decay over the 4-day treatment period. The patient with contaminated hospital linens due to urinary incontinence had unaccounted activity of 2.3%. Comparisons of the volume of liquid 125 I and saline removed on completion to treatment to the volume originally instilled revealed no difference using hand-held syringes. Conclusions The systemic absorption of 125 I is much greater than previously appreciated with potential clinical sequelae and safety concerns. GliaSite should be used with caution in patients incontinent of urine, and a Foley catheter should be placed to collect contaminated urine for incontinent patients.
Electronic alerts for hospitalized high-VTE risk patients not receiving prophylaxis: a cohort study

Background Despite existing consensus guidelines, venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is underused in high-risk hospitalized patients. The present study evaluated the effects of an electronic alert to the responsible physician in a cohort of hospitalized high-risk patients not receiving VTE prophylaxis. Methods The absence of VTE prophylaxis orders in hospitalized patients at high-risk for VTE triggered an electronic alert to the responsible physician. We studied a cohort of 866 patients whose physicians were alerted that their patients were at high-risk but receiving no VTE prophylaxis. The electronic alert recommended that the responsible physician order preventive measures. We followed each patient for 90 days to determine whether imaging-confirmed symptomatic VTE occurred. Results 9,527 patients were identified as high-risk for VTE. 9% (866) were not receiving prophylaxis, compared with 18% in the intervention arm of a previous randomized trial (P < 0.001). In our current cohort study, 82% (713) of patients were Medical Service patients. Physician response to alerts resulted in prophylactic measures for 37.7% of those alerted. Symptomatic VTE at 90 days occurred in 5.1% of patients in the present cohort group. Conclusion Implementation of a computer alert program increased prophylaxis rates. However, the majority of alerted physicians in the cohort study did not order VTE prophylaxis despite the alerts. Therefore, novel strategies must be employed to further improve the use of VTE prophylaxis in hospitalized high-risk patients, especially in Medical Service patients.
Stochastic Unit Commitment With Uncertain Demand Response

Although demand response (DR) encourages customers to voluntarily schedule electricity consumption based on price signals, the response from the consumer side could be uncertain due to a variety of reasons. In this letter, we study the stochastic unit commitment problem with uncertain demand response to enhance the reliability unit commitment process for independent system operators (ISOs). We use a stochastic representation of DR by scenario, and each scenario corresponds to a price-elastic demand curve. Contingency constraints are considered and in addition, a chance constraint is applied to ensure the loss of load probability (LOLP) lower than a pre-defined risk level. Finally, a sample average approximation (SAA) method is applied to solve the problem.
Λ(KS0)–h± and Λ–p azimuthal correlations with respect to event plane and search for chiral magnetic and vortical effects

Abstract Parity-odd domains are theorized to form inside the quark–gluon plasma (QGP) created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) will lead to charge separation with respect to the reaction plane. Previous measurements from the RHIC and the LHC using charge-dependent two-particle azimuthal correlations are consistent with charge separations across the reaction plane, possibly induced by the CME. Such charge separation is expected to be absent if a neutral hadron is used for the correlations. The Λ ( Λ ¯ ) and K S 0 are employed to test the hypothesis based on the CME expectation in Au+Au collisions at s N N = 200 and 39 GeV by the STAR experiment. We find no significant charge separation for Λ ( Λ ¯ ) – h ± and K S 0 – h ± azimuthal correlations. In addition, theoretical calculation predicts that the Chiral Vortical Effect (CVE) leads to a baryon number separation with respect to the reaction plane. Measurements of Λ ( Λ ¯ ) – p ( p ¯ ) azimuthal correlation are presented to search for the CVE.
First Report of White Rust Caused by Albugo bliti on Seabeach Amaranth in the United States.

Seabeach amaranth (Amaranthus pumilus Raf.), a threatened annual marine plant, is a primary colonizer of the windward side of Atlantic coastal dunes. It serves an important ecological role in dune accumulation and stabilization. Because Hurricane Floyd eliminated all native seabeach amaranth in South Carolina in 1999, experimental reestablishment plantings have been attempted. In August 2000, seabeach amaranth on Dewees and Cape Island in Charleston County, Huntington Beach in Georgetown County, and Otter Island in Colleton County, South Carolina were stunted and senesced prematurely. Leaves on affected plants were only one-half of the normal size and internodes were shortened. Most plants (>90%) at each location were affected. Diseased leaves had small, pale green-to-tan spots above hypophyllous pustules that contained numerous, dry, hyaline, subglobose conidia. Conidia measured 13.5 (10 to 17) × 15.0 (11 to 18) μm. Based on morphological characters and the host, the pathogen was identified as Albugo bliti (Biv.-Bern.) Kuntze (1,2). No oospores were observed. Diseased plants were collected from Dewees and Otter Islands and kept frozen for use as a source of inoculum. Six A. pumilus plants each of six Plant Introductions (PI), 553080 through 553085, that had been grown from seed were sprayed with a suspension of 4.7 × 105 conidia per ml. One plant of each PI was sprayed with sterile distilled water as a noninoculated control. All plants were placed in a humidity chamber for 48 h and then moved to a greenhouse bench. Thirteen days after inoculation, all inoculated plants had pustules of white rust. Diseased plants had a mean of 42 pustules per plant and PI's did not differ in susceptibility. Five of six noninoculated plants also had white rust pustules, but only a mean of 2.3 (range 1 to 5) pustules each. White rust likely appeared on noninoculated plants because plants were spaced closely together in the chamber. Pustules and conidia on inoculated plants were identical to those on plants collected originally. Albugo bliti has been reported on 19 other Amaranthus species (1), but to our knowledge, this is the first report of white rust on seabeach amaranth in the United States. White rust reduced the biomass of infected plants and, hence, their ability to trap sand. White rust was not observed on subsequent plantings in 2001 and 2002 at any location. References: (1) D. F. Farr et al. Fungal Databases. Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, On-line publication. ARS USDA, 2002. (2) G. W. Wilson. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34:61, 1907.