cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
205 GROWTH FAILURE(GP)IN A PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY PRACTICE

Changing medical and surgical practices alter the incidence and persistence of GF in congenital heart disease. Clinic records of 900 pediatric cardiac pts. were reviewed to determine incidence of past and present GF. Pts. with functional murmurs, primary arrhythmias, and bicuspid aortic valves were excluded. GF was defined as height, weight, or weight for height more than 2 SD below mean. 300 pts. had a history of GF. Of these, 133 had resolved GF, 21% of whom had had a probable non-cardiac cause (prematurity, neurologic abnormality, etc.). In 105 others, 41% had had closure of a ventricular septal defect(VSD), 14% repair of tetralogy, 11% of atrial septal defect(ASD), 9% of transposition (TGV). Of 167 pts. with persistent GF, 51%(86 pts.) had probable non-cardiac causes: 41 with chromosomal abnormality, 8 with rubella, 6 with major neurologic deficits. Of 81 pts. remaining, 18 had VSD's(4pre-op,2post-op,12 considered small). 14 had had tetralogy or double outlet right ventricle; all had undergone definitive repair. 18 patients had persistent GF despite palliation for complex cyanotic heart disease. Although GF is common in congenital heart disease, it may be caused by non-cardiac conditions--which preclude growth despite cardiac surgery. Excluding non-cardiac GF, poor growth persists in less than 10% of pts. after repair of VSD, ASD, coarctation and transposition. It persists in 25% of pts. after repair of conotruncal abnormalities and in 75% of pts. palliated for complex cyanotic heart disease.
Daily mood and stress predict pain, health care use, and work activity in African American adults with sickle-cell disease.

This study examined the extent to which daily mood and stress were associated with pain, health care use, and work activity in 41 adults (mean age = 36 years) with sickle-cell disease. Multilevel model analyses of daily diaries (M = 91 days) indicated that increases in stress and negative mood were associated with increases in same-day pain, health care use, and work absences. Lagged models suggested bidirectional relationships, with evidence that pain may be the more powerful initiating variable in pain-mood and pain-stress cycles. Of importance, positive mood was associated with lower same-day and subsequent-day pain, as well as fewer health care contacts, suggesting that positive mood may serve to offset negative consequences of pain and other illness symptoms.
MultInt, a MAPLE Package for Multiple Integration by the WZ Method

We describe a MAPLE implementation, MultInt, of the continuous version of the WZ method. We also give various examples of how this package can be used to systematically generate proofs of identities (or recurrences) which involve multiple integrals of proper-hyperexponential functions. Moreover, by expressing a binomial coefficient sum as a hyperexponential contour or multi-contour integral, the package provides an alternative approach to sums.
Empirical and Normative Foundations of Holocaust education: Bringing research and advocacy into dialogue

A scenario of Holocaust education gone awry, which was constructed from a real event in one author’s experience, and a 2010 critique of Holocaust education by former U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan, are used to explore key issues and dilemmas for Holocaust education. The authors argue that we should pursue clarity about the empirical and moral bases for advocacy, research, and teaching, which will protect the field from unrealistic expectations that are counterproductive for the subject. Bringing advocacy and research into dialogue will contribute to achieving clarity about both the purposes and the effects of Holocaust education. This article explores these tensions and suggests critical areas for further Holocaust education research, particularly regarding children’s emotional experience in Holocaust education; the practical tools educators need to respond effectively to inappropriate or problematic comments; how we can speak about groups without reinforcing totalizing and homogenizing identities that...
Transport properties of particles with segmental flexibility. I. Hydrodynamic resistance and diffusion coefficients of a freely hinged particle

Expressions are derived for the hydrodynamic resistance tensor and the diffusion tensor of a particle consisting of two rigid subunits connected by a free hinge. No restrictions are placed on the shapes of the subunits. The resistance tensor is obtained by using two independent approaches: first, from the Rayleigh dissipation function and, second, from an examination of the generalized forces for the appropriate seven-dimensional coordinate system. For the derivation of the generalized Einstein equation connecting the diffusion and resistance tensors, the Brownian motion is treated as a stochastic process. That derivation is based on the assumption that the restoring force for bending is negligible, and the Einstein relation holds instantaneously only if that assumption is true. The relationship between these tensors and the macroscopically observable parameters is discussed, and it is shown that the separate measurement of resistance and diffusion coefficients can be used to detect macromolecular flexibility. One example is treated, the diffusion of a particle composed of two long rods joined at a free hinge. Those calculations are carried out with the first-order assumption of negligible hydrodynamic interactions between the subunits. For the hinged rod, the bending degree of freedom produces a 34% increase in the translational diffusion coefficient over that of a stiff rod of the same total length, while the rotational diffusion coefficient about the axis perpendicular to the plane of bending is increased by 125%.
Spirit Possession and Personhood among the Kel Ewey Tuareg

Among the Tuareg people in the Air Mountain region of Niger, women are sometimes possessed by spirits called 'the people of solitude'. The evening curing rituals of the possessed, featuring drumming and song, take place before an audience of young men and women, who joke and flirt as the ritual unfolds. In her analysis of this tolerated but unofficial cult, Susan Rasmussen analyses symbolism and aesthetic values, provides case studies of possessed women, and reviews what local people think about the meaning of possession.
Treatment planning and dosimetry for the Harvard-MIT Phase I clinical trial of cranial neutron capture therapy.

Abstract Purpose : A Phase I trial of cranial neutron capture therapy (NCT) was conducted at Harvard-MIT. The trial was designed to determine maximum tolerated NCT radiation dose to normal brain. Methods and Materials : Twenty-two patients with brain tumors were treated by infusion of boronophenylalanine-fructose (BPA-f) followed by exposure to epithermal neutrons. The study began with a prescribed biologically weighted dose of 8.8 RBE (relative biologic effectiveness) Gy, escalated in compounding 10% increments, and ended at 14.2 RBE Gy. BPA-f was infused at a dose 250–350 mg/kg body weight. Treatments were planned using MacNCTPlan and MCNP 4B. Irradiations were delivered as one, two, or three fields in one or two fractions. Results : Peak biologically weighted normal tissue dose ranged from 8.7 to 16.4 RBE Gy. The average dose to brain ranged from 2.7 to 7.4 RBE Gy. Average tumor dose was estimated to range from 14.5 to 43.9 RBE Gy, with a mean of 25.7 RBE Gy. Conclusions : We have demonstrated that BPA-f-mediated NCT can be precisely planned and delivered in a carefully controlled manner. Subsequent clinical trials of boron neutron capture therapy at Harvard and MIT will be initiated with a new high-intensity, high-quality epithermal neutron beam.
An Award for Science Is an Obsolete Notion

The exclusion of Robert Gallo from the Nobel Prize this year (“HIV, HPV researchers honored, but one scientist is left out,” J. Cohen and M. Enserink, 10 October 2008, p. [174][1]) may appear controversial, but his situation is not unique. Any prize awarded for scientific discoveries is bound to overlook important contributors. Discoveries are built on the backs of many workers, and no matter the contribution, all contribute to the whole. Recognizing any one worker as seminal implies that the supporting work is less vital. Prizes would better serve the community by driving science forward. For example, a prize could be awarded prospectively for a particular goal, such as the X Prize ([1][2]), instead of retrospectively reviewing an accomplishment and naming one person crucial to its success. As illustrated by the vital yet overlooked contributions of Rosalind Franklin, Nicola Tesla, and Thomas Edison, the Nobel science prizes send the wrong message to the public and would-be scientists. 1. 1.[↵][3] X Prize Foundation ( ). [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.322.5899.174 [2]: #ref-1 [3]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1. in text"
Apalachee: The Land between the Rivers

John Hann focuses in this study on the Apalachee Indians and their interactions with the Spanish during the historic period.Following a description of the prehistoric Apalachee, Hann delves into the encounters between the Apalachee and the first European intruders. He synthesizes historical and archaeological information on the establishment and growth of the western Florida missions, including pertinent data from the prominent and pivotal state of San Luis de Talimali. A sympathetic view of the culture and customs of the historic Apalachee and a translation of Father Paiva's impassioned ball game manuscript are followed by sections on Apalachee political structure, language, demographic trends, and mission economy. Hann concludes with data on the demoralization of the Apalachee and its effects on the missions and, ultimately, on the exile and extinction of the Apalachee people.
Cause and effect in social mobility tables

The processes that facilitate or impede social mobility result from complex interactions of social and economic forces, traditions, and values of the social system. Exactly how do these processes develop? How do they work? How are they changed? Which aspects of the processes are decisive, and which are unimportant? Here the author uses data on occupational mobility to construct and test a model which, it is hoped, will serve as a guide in the development of a statistical mechanics for large social systems.
Delayed Fluorescence and Triplet-Triplet Annihilation in π-Conjugated Polymers

The delayed fluorescence of poly(p -phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and poly(p -phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) derivative solids and frozen solutions at 20thinspthinspK is described. It provides strong evidence for triplet-triplet annihilation to singlets excitons, accounting for up to {approximately}{number_sign}{number_sign}3{percent} of the total emission in PPV films and {approximately}{number_sign}{number_sign}1.5{percent} in PPE powder. It also yields triplet lifetimes of 70 and 110 {mu}s in PPV films and frozen solutions, and {approximately}{number_sign}{number_sign}200 and {approximately}{number_sign}{number_sign}500 {mu} s in PPE powder and frozen solutions, respectively. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}
Geometric derivation of quantum uncertainty

Quantum observables can be identified with vector fields on the sphere of normalized states. Consequently, the uncertainty relations for quantum observables become geometric statements. In the Letter the familiar uncertainty relation follows from the following stronger statement: Of all parallelograms with given sides the rectangle has the largest area.
The non-surgical management of a patient with Kostmann syndrome-associated periodontitis: a case report

Kostmann syndrome is a rare, congenital immunological disorder caused by a mutation of the hematopoietic cell-specific LYN substrate 1-associated protein X1. These patients pose a unique challenge to the dental practitioner due to the severe oral infections that are often seen in this population. The patient described in this report is a 16-year-old female with Kostmann syndrome-associated periodontitis. The treatment consisted of scaling and root planing performed in conjunction with subgingival irrigation with povidone-iodine solution. This report details how Kostmann syndrome-associated periodontitis can be successfully treated and maintained long-term, using non-surgical treatment modalities and local antimicrobial therapy.
Extracting Signed Social Networks from Text

Most of the research on social networks has almost exclusively focused on positive links between entities. There are much more insights that we may gain by generalizing social networks to the signed case where both positive and negative edges are considered. One of the reasons why signed social networks have received less attention that networks based on positive links only is the lack of an explicit notion of negative relations in most social network applications. However, most such applications have text embedded in the social network. Applying linguistic analysis techniques to this text enables us to identify both positive and negative interactions. In this work, we propose a new method to automatically construct a signed social network from text. The resulting networks have a polarity associated with every edge. Edge polarity is a means for indicating a positive or negative affinity between two individuals. We apply the proposed method to a larger amount of online discussion posts. Experiments show that the proposed method is capable of constructing networks from text with high accuracy. We also connect out analysis to social psychology theories of signed network, namely the structural balance theory.
THE OBJECTS OF ACCEPTANCE: COMPETING SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATIONS

Important revisions and additions to the contemporary objectives of acceptance rules result from construing a theory of warranted inductive inference to presuppose an account of adequate scientific explanations. We conceive the objects of acceptance rules to be the best of competing scientific explanations. Our primary interest is to show how to construct an analysis of competing explanations. Hence our specific investigation concerns the interrelations between the criteria of adequacy for scientific explanations and the definitions of the modes of competition between explanations.
The War for the Heart and Soul of a Highland Maya Town/ Mexican Rural Development and the Plumed Serpent: Technology and Maya Cosmology in the Tropical Forest of Campeche, Mexico

The War for the Heart and Soul of. Highland Maya Town. ROBERT S. CARLSEN. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997. xvi. 206 pp., notes, glossary, bibliography, index. Mexican Rural Development and the Plumed Serpent: Technology and Maya Cosmology in the Tropical Forest of Campeche, Mexico. BETTY BERNICE FAUST. Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey, 1998. xxviii. 190 pp., references, index, photographs.
Polymorphisms in the platelet-specific collagen receptor GP6 are associated with risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction in Caucasians

Abstract Background and aims Glycoprotein 6 (GP6) is a platelet-specific collagen receptor implicated in the thrombotic pathway to acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but a possible genetic relationship between GP6 and AMI is poorly understood. We tested for the genetic association between AMI and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 24 loci, including GP6. Methods and results We conducted a case-control study of AMI and GP6 in a community-based population ( n = 652 cases, 625 controls). We also examined men and women separately and stratified the latter by use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Among both sexes, the strongest association was for a protective missense polymorphism (rs1163662) in the GP6 gene (OR = 0.70; Bonferroni-adjusted p Conclusions In this sample of white non-Hispanic men and women, several SNPs in GP6 were significantly related to risk of AMI. Development of pharmacologic therapy directed towards platelet activity and thrombosis may reduce the incidence of AMI among at-risk groups.
Conflict of Interest Disclosure in Off-Label Oncology Clinical Trials

Purpose: We sought to determine the prevalence, reliability, and predictors of conflict of interest (COI) and funding disclosure statements for studies of anticancer targeted therapies conducted in the off-label prescribing setting. Methods: As a part of a federally funded systematic review, manuscripts were included in the analysis if they were used to support one of 19 indications for cancer targeted therapies that were off-label but reimbursable according to compendia published in 2006 or before. Studies were categorized according to trial design, trial results, average impact factor of journals, and presence of COI and funding disclosure statements. Results: Among the 69 included studies, prevalence of COI and funding disclosures was low, at 33% and 58% respectively; time trends showed some improvement between 2002 to 2007, but only 60% of studies had disclosures by 2007. Predictors of COI disclosure were publication in high-impact-factor journals (P .001), large study sample size (P .001), enrollment exclusively in the United States (P .04), and study of the targeted therapy in combination with other agents as opposed to the study drug alone (P .03). Conclusion: Disclosure of potential sources of bias in COI and funding statements in studies of off-label indications for anticancer targeted therapies was low and did not increase substantially over time.
Sherlock: automatically locating objects for humans

Over the course of a day a human interacts with tens or hundreds of individual objects. Many of these articles are nomadic, relying on human memory to manually index, inventory, organize, search, and locate them. However, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags hold great promise for automating these tasks. While originally envisioned for managing supply chains and store inventories, RFID tags support the properties necessary for helping humans to manage their objects. This paper presents Sherlock, a system that leverages RFID tags for human-object interaction. Sherlock combines concepts from sensors, radar technology, and computer graphics to implement a novel localization and visualization system for everyday objects. At the heart of Sherlock is a new RFID localization technique that uses steerable antennas to sweep a room, discovering, localizing and indexing tagged objects. In response to user queries, Sherlock displays the locations of matching objects using images from a video camera. We have implemented a prototype of Sherlock to conduct experiments in a real office environment. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of Sherlock in localizing to a volume of less than 0.55 cubic meters for 90% of objects.
Xing-zone bridge construction for multi-hop cognitive radio networks with channel bonding

Cognitive radio is an efficient technique to relieve the tense of wireless spectrum scarcity by allowing unlicensed secondary users (SUs) to access the licensed band opportunistically without causing interference to primary users (PUs). Although Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recently ruled that the data of PU activity schedule is accessible to SUs 24 hours ahead, which relieves SUs from heavy sensing or interruption by sudden PU activity, however, multi-hop wireless cognitive radio networks (MWCRN) suffers a unique problem caused by the fact that the spectrum resources are not unified in different areas affected by different PUs. In other words, an SU origin-destination (OD) pair transmission would meet the bottleneck in bandwidth when crossing areas with different available spectrum resources. To solve this problem, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the number of connection bridges to cross different areas. Moreover, we introduce channel bonding technique into the MWCRN for network performance improvement. We also propose a distributed algorithm for practical application. Simulation results verifies the better performance of our proposed scheme.
Evidence-based psychotherapies I: qualifiers and limitations in what we know

Psychosocial interventions have advanced remarkably for the treatment of a broad range of psychiatric disorders and related sources of impairment among children, adolescents, and adults. By one cou...
Saharan Dust Aerosol Radiative Forcing Measured from Space

Abstract This study uses data collected from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments to determine Saharan dust broadband shortwave aerosol radiative forcing over the Atlantic Ocean near the African coast (15°–25°N, 45°–15°W). The clear-sky aerosol forcing is derived directly from these data, without requiring detailed information about the aerosol properties that are not routinely observed such as chemical composition, microphysical properties, and their height variations. To determine the diurnally averaged Saharan dust radiative forcing efficiency (i.e., broadband shortwave forcing per unit optical depth at 550 nm, W m−2 τ−1a), two extreme seasons are juxtaposed: the high-dust months [June–August (JJA)] and the low-dust months [November–January (NDJ)]. It is found that the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) diurnal mean forcing efficiency is −35 ± 3 W m−2 τ−1a for JJA, and −26 ± 3 W m−2 τ−1a for NDJ. These efficiencies can b...
Detection and partial characterization of an anti-steroidogenic peptide from the humoral immune system of the chicken

Phenomenological association of alterations of immune system function at the time of puberty (e.g. involution of the chicken bursa of Fabricius) has led to postulation that the humoral immune system may negatively affect the hypothalamo-adenohypophyseal-gonadal axis of the neonate. Presently, we examined the effect of an acidic aqueous bursa of Fabricius extract, derived from prepubescent chickens, on in vitro basal and LH-stimulated progesterone biosynthesis by isolated ovarian granulosa cells of the largest preovulatory chicken follicles (F1 and F2). Crude extracts of 3kDa inhibited LH-stimulated progesterone secretion (P < 0.05). The bioactive component was observed to be heat labile and is sensitive to the endopeptidases chymotrypsin, trypsin and papain. The peptide is not sensitive to the exopeptidase, aminopeptidase M. Partial purification by reversed phase HPLC resulted in a fraction capable of inhibiting in vitro steroidogenesis. This fraction suppressed LH-stimulated progesterone biosynthesis to approximately basal levels (79% suppression). Following removal of the peptide, granulosa cells were capable of LH-stimulated progesterone biosynthesis similar to control cells. Bursal extract significantly inhibited cAMP analog-stimulated progesterone biosynthesis. These data indicate that the anti-steroidogenic peptide derived from the chicken bursa of Fabricius is a single heat labile, amino terminally blocked peptide with bioactivity independent of the gonadotropin receptor of the granulosa cell.
Nonventilatory Interventions in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome was first described in 1967. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury are diseases the busy intensivist treats almost daily. The etiologies of acute respiratory distress syndrome are many. A significant distinction is based on whether the insult to the lung was direct, such as in pneumonia, or indirect, such as trauma or sepsis. Strategies for managing patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury can be subdivided into 2 large groups, those based in manipulation of mechanical ventilation and those based in nonventilatory modalities. This review focuses on the nonventlilatory strategies and includes fluid restriction, exogenous surfactant, inhaled nitric oxide, manipulation of production, or administration of eicosanoids, neuromuscular blocking agents, prone position ventilation, glucocorticoids, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and administration of beta-agonists. Most of these therapies either have not been studied in large trials or have failed to show a benefit in terms of long-term patient mortality. Many of these therapies have shown promise in terms of improved oxygenation and may therefore be beneficial as rescue therapy for severely hypoxic patients. Recommendations regarding the use of each of these strategies are made, and an algorithm for implementing these strategies is suggested.
Why Addiction Has a Chronic, Relapsing Course. The Neurobiology of Addiction

Abstract Approximately 200 million people in the United States have an addiction disorder that significantly disrupts employment, family relationships, financial stability, and personal health. As a result, addiction has become one of the most critical health care challenges presently facing the American health care system. Research in the last five years has provided substantial evidence that addiction is a neuro-biological condition rooted in genetic factors. During the addiction process neurologic changes occur that are responsible for tolerance, craving, and relapse. It appears that once addiction becomes chronic, the brain enters an addicted state that may be irreversible without pharmaceutical intervention. Such alterations in neurochemistry-rather than poor volitional control-account for why addiction is characterized by a chronic, relapsing-remitting course. This paper discusses (a) the neurobiological factors underlying the addiction process, (b) available pharmaceutical treatment, and (c) how re...
High‐Throughput Screening (HTS) by NMR Guided Identification of Novel Agents Targeting the Protein Docking Domain of YopH

Recently we described a novel approach, named high-throughput screening (HTS) by NMR that allows the identification, from large combinatorial peptide libraries, of potent and selective peptide mimetics against a given target. Here, we deployed the "HTS by NMR" approach for the design of novel peptoid sequences targeting the N-terminal domain of Yersinia outer protein H (YopH-NT), a bacterial toxin essential for the virulence of Yersinia pestis. We aimed at disrupting the protein-protein interactions between YopH-NT and its cellular substrates, with the goal of inhibiting indirectly YopH enzymatic function. These studies resulted in a novel agent of sequence Ac-F-pY-cPG-d-P-NH2 (pY=phosphotyrosine; cPG=cyclopentyl glycine) with a Kd value against YopH-NT of 310 nm. We demonstrated that such a pharmacological inhibitor of YopH-NT results in the inhibition of the dephosphorylation by full-length YopH of a cellular substrate. Hence, potentially this agent represents a valuable stepping stone for the development of novel therapeutics against Yersinia infections. The data reported further demonstrate the utility of the HTS by NMR approach in deriving novel peptide mimetics targeting protein-protein interactions.
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication after surgery. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) affect at least 350,000–600,000 Americans, contributing to 100,000–180,000 deaths each year. These numbers probably underestimate the true incidence which may be 2–3 times higher and are expected to increase as the US population ages. It is estimated that about half of these cases attributed to hospitalized patients occur in surgical patients, and it has become a national patient safety issue.
HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS USING BASE METALS FROM GROUPS 10 AND 11

Recent developments on the use of nickel-in-charcoal (Ni/C) as a catalyst for several cross-couplings assisted by microwave irradiation are pre- sented. The new reagent for synthesis, nickel-on-graphite (Ni/C g ) is presented as a means of catalyzing the reductions of aryl tosylates and mesylates. Another reagent under development, copper-in-charcoal (Cu/C) is described and its potential to effect heterogeneous asymmetric hydrosilylations in the presence of an inexpensive silane is disclosed.
Symptomatic and Incidental Venous Thromboembolic Disease Are Both Associated With Mortality In Patients With Prostate Cancer

Introduction The association between malignancy and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is well established. Less is known about the independent impact of VTE, both symptomatic and incidental, on survival in patients with prostate cancer. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 457 consecutive patients with prostate cancer who received outpatient clinical care at the Cleveland Clinic from January 2006 to June 2006. Data were collected regarding clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes. Fisher exact (for categorical variables) and t-test (continuous variables) were utilized to test associations with VTE and mortality. Survival functions were estimated using the Kaplan Meier method and a Cox regression model was used to model the mortality hazard ratio (HR) with date of diagnosis as time origin. Results The mean age of our cohort of patients was 65.86 ± 8.64 years. Three hundred and fifty eight (78.3%) had clinically localized disease, 76 (16.7%) had locally advanced disease and 41 (8.9%) had metastatic cancer at diagnosis. One hundred twenty four (27.1%) men underwent surgery, 315 (68.9%) received radiotherapy, 201 (44%) received hormonal therapy and 71 (15.5%) received chemotherapy. Complete follow up was available on 403 patients of which 109 (27%) died during the period of follow up. VTE occurred in 42 (9.2%) patients (33 deep vein thrombosis, 5 pulmonary embolism, and 4 patients with both DVT and PE), of which 27 (64.3%) were symptomatic and 15 (35.7%) were incidentally diagnosed. Twenty-three were outpatients and 17 were hospitalized when VTE was diagnosed. Metastatic disease (p Metastatic disease (p=0.002), ECOG score of 3 or 4 (p Conclusion VTE, both symptomatic and incidental, is a predictor of poor survival in patients with prostate cancer, especially those with advanced disease. This finding has implications for the clinical care of patients with prostate cancer. Further studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation in this population. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Carbenicillin in Treatment of Severe Infections due to Pseudomonas

Carbenicillin is a new penicillin with a broad spectrum of action against many gram-negative pathogens [1]. Attention has been focused primarily on its activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, since agents currently available for the treatment of infections due to this organism are potentially toxic. This report describes results of treatment with carbenicillin in 25 patients, most of whom had severe infections due to Pseudomonas.
270. Tierversuche über die Wirkung des Ultraschalls bei Implantation und Transplantation von Hirn- und Mammatumoren

Parallelversuche mit beschallten und unbeschallten Kaninchen. Sowohl bei der Implantation von kanzerogenen Substanzen und der Transplantation von Hirntumoren, als auch bei der Implantation von Mammatumoren kommt es bei unbeschallten Versuchstieren in kurzer Zeit neben einer raschen Tumorausbreitung zu Erkrankungen der inneren Organe, u. a. zu Leberstauungen, Herz- und Hirnodemen und zum Exitus. Bei den beschallten Versuchstieren Wachstumsstillstand und Eliminierung der implantierten und transplantierten Hirn- und Mammatumoren. Uberleben der Versuchstiere. Makroskopisch keine Erkrankung innerer Organe, kein Hirnodem.
Copper-responsive gene expression in the methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b

Methanotrophic bacteria convert methane to methanol using methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzymes. In many strains, either an iron-containing soluble (sMMO) or a copper-containing particulate (pMMO) enzyme can be produced depending on copper availability; the mechanism of this copper switch has not been elucidated. A key player in methanotroph copper homeostasis is methanobactin (Mbn), a ribosomally produced, post-translationally modified natural product with a high affinity for copper. The Mbn precursor peptide is encoded within an operon that contains a range of putative transporters, regulators, and biosynthetic proteins, but the involvement of these genes in Mbn-related processes remains unclear. Extensive time-dependent qRT-PCR studies of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and the constitutive sMMO-producing mutant M. trichosporium OB3b PP358 show that the Mbn operon is indeed copper-regulated, providing experimental support for its bioinformatics-based identification. Moreover, the Mbn operon is co-regulated with the sMMO operon and reciprocally regulated with the pMMO operon. Within the Mbn and sMMO operons, a subset of regulatory genes exhibits a distinct and shared pattern of expression, consistent with their proposed functions as internal regulators. In addition, genome sequencing of the M. trichosporium OB3b PP358 mutant provides new evidence for the involvement of genes adjacent to the pMMO operon in methanotroph copper homeostasis.
3D Angle Gathers From Wave-Equation Extended Images

We present a method to construct 3D angle gathers from extended images obtained using wave-equation migration. The method relies on an analytic formula that associates the reflection and azimuth angle to reflection kinematics in the images. The decomposition is able to render the angle gathers that characterize the reflectivity as a function of both reflection and azimuth angle simultaneously. Since the images are constructed from accurate wave-equation-based imaging algorithm, the method is robust to characterize angle information in presence of noisy data and complex subsurface geologic environments. The application of the method on a North Sea 3D OBC field dataset illustrates that 3D angle gathers obtained from our method is effective to extract reflection and azimuth angle information.
Tectonic deformation features from Late Indosinian to Yanshanian in southern Guizhou

The tectonic deformations in the southern Guizhou were zoned obviously.To the north of Guiyang-Guiding-Sandu,fault belts distributed in NS direction.The studies of fluid inclusion showed that the present fault belts were active from the late Indosinian to Yanshanian and their tectonic deformation features were in accordance with the general law of progressive(attenuated) deformation caused by the nappe of Xuefeng Mountain from east to west.The rock samples from the fault belts confirmed that rocks were influenced by the squeeze and twist effect from the upper to the lower disk.The faults were compressive.The fault belts were brittle and some were ductile.To the south of Guiyang-Guiding-Sandu,the thrusting of Xuefeng Mountain from east to west led to medium-weak or weak deformations and a gentle anticlinal tectonic framework in NE direction was formed under the influence of Yaziluo squeeze and strike-slip belt.Big difference of stress field existed between the northeast and the southwest of the study area during tectonic evolution.The Anshun and Changshun Sags in the weak deformation belt might be favorable targets for petroleum migration and accumulation.
Analysis and suggestions of sharp instrument injury on 271 medical workers

Objective: To investigate the situation of sharp institute injury on medi-cal workers and to explore countermeasures. Methods: 850 medical staff of Beijing wereinvestigated by anonymous questionnaires. Results: 271 (31.88%) medical workers wereinjured by sharp instruments, nurses had higher injury rate than others. Among sharpinstrument injuries, pricking wound was 71.59%, injury related to suture and knife was9.22%, injury related to ampoule and broken glass was 14.02%. Conclusion: Sharp instru-ment injury incidence of medical workers was high. It was important to prevent sharpinstrument injury.
Invasive Species, Evolution and

Invasive species threaten global biodiversity and cost the United States economy an estimated $120 billion per year. Understanding invasions will aid in their prevention while providing insights into ecological and evolutionary processes. A defining characteristic of invasive species is their relative lack of evolutionary history with species native to the invaded region. This article reviews evolutionary characteristics of successful invasive species and evolutionary impacts both on the invasive species and on native species in invaded communities. Novel selection pressures can drive rapid evolution during invasions, and observed phenotypic changes often represent the combined effects of evolution and phenotypic plasticity.
A computational method for the optimal control problem with bounded state variables

Computational method for optimization of infinite time control problem for linear systems and quadratic indexes of performance
Snap! (build your own blocks): pre-conference workshop

This workshop is for high school and college teachers of general-interest ("CS 0") computer science courses. It presents the programming environment used in two of the five initial AP CS Principles pilot courses. SNAP! (Build Your Own Blocks) is a free, graphical, drag-and-drop extension to the Scratch programming language. Scratch, designed for 8-14 year olds, models programs as "scripts" without names, arguments, or return values. SNAP! supports older learners (14-20) by adding named procedures (thus recursion), procedures as data (thus higher order functions) structured lists, and sprites as first class objects with inheritance. Participants will learn SNAP! through discussion, programming exercises, and exploration. See http://snap.berkeley.edu for details. Laptop required.
Patient Understanding, Expectations, Outcomes, and Satisfaction Regarding Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries and Surgical Management

Patient satisfaction has become an increasingly important outcome metric in orthopaedics and medicine in general as many initiatives at both the state and national levels aim to improve the efficiency and quality of health care. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are among the most common injuries in orthopaedics, with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery consistently reported as one of the most frequently performed procedures by orthopaedic surgeons. Patient-reported outcomes are frequently used to evaluate outcomes from the patient's perspective, and many physicians also ask patients about their satisfaction with treatment. A growing volume of literature has investigated the relation between preoperative patient expectations and postoperative patient satisfaction. The quality of online resources, patient expectations for ACLR, and factors associated with and/or predictive of either poor or good to excellent outcomes after surgery are described. This article critically reviews the orthopaedic literature on this important topic and identifies variables that influence patient expectations and satisfaction to help treating physicians better counsel and evaluate patients and ultimately improve outcomes of and satisfaction with ACLR surgery.
Implementing Boolean Functions in Hybrid Digital-Analog Systems

As Moore's Law winds down, we look to do more with less---more computing with fewer components, that is. One approach is ``chaos computing'', in which nonlinear dynamics is exploited to create any type of logic gate on the fly, almost instantly, from a single generic setup. Starting from super-stable initial conditions robust to noise, the authors combine a conventional digital circuit with an analog nonlinear circuit of just three transistors, to implement arbitrary Boolean functions $e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}x\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}p\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}l\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}l\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}y$ faster than in prior architectures. This improves the reliability of chaos-based systems, and expands the scope of their potential applications.
Cytogenetic studies of apomixis inPennisetum

P. clandestinum consists of two varieties,viz., Kabete andRongai. TheRongai variety showed abnormalities of micro-sporogenesis resulting in poor pollen and non-exserted stamens and did not form seed when isolated although it showed fertility on the female side by forming seed when it had access to pollen. TheKabete variety had normal pollen and exserted anthers and formed good seed. Seeds obtained by hybridising the two varieties using theRongai as the female parent, gave rise to maternal plants and hybrids with viable pollen and exserted anthers, showing not only the recessiveness of the male sterility inRongai, but also indicating facultative apomixis. This indication was confirmed by cytological evidence based on a chromosomal count showing the formation of haploid and aposporic embryo sacs. Embryo formation is normal inKabete and is preceded by endosperm formation. Polyembryony occurs.
Trajectories of Religious/Spiritual Struggles Between Years 1 and 2 of College: The Predictive Role of Religious Belief Salience

ABSTRACTReligious and spiritual struggles involve tensions, conflicts, and strains pertaining to religious and spiritual life. This research examined whether broad measures of religiousness predicted differences in the development and resolution of struggles over 1 year in a sample of undergraduates (N = 451) from three U.S. universities: secular public (n = 146), secular private (n = 126), and faith-based Christian (n = 179). Latent class growth analyses indicated 4 distinct trajectories of change in struggles. One group reported consistently low levels of struggles (n = 298, 66% of total sample); another developed struggles over a 1-year period (n = 100, 22%); a third reported high levels of struggles during both years (n = 19, 4%); and the final group reported resolving their struggles over 1 year (n = 34, 8%). Penalized multinomial logistic regressions indicated that religious belief salience predicted the development of struggles longitudinally. We discuss the implications of these findings.
2.09 – Solvent Microextraction

Since 1996, solvent microextraction (SME) has grown from a research curiosity to an important sample preparation tool for industrial, clinical, forensic and environmental analysts. In its simplest form, SME requires only a manual syringe and a few microliters of solvent for extraction and concentration of analytes from liquids, solids, and headspace samples, including wastewater, foods, plastics, oils, and pharmaceuticals. Most SME procedures may also be partially or completely automated. SME methodology falls into two main categories: membrane protected and non–membrane protected SME. This chapter is intended as a guide for the practicing analyst for understanding the basic theory, requirements, and practical issues for the successful use of the most popular non–membrane protected SME techniques, including single-drop microextraction, headspace SME, directly suspended droplet SME, dispersive liquid-liquid SME, and cloud point extraction (CPE).
Improved Channel Coding for Next-Generation RFID

The selection of channel codes for backscatter RFID tag-to-reader communications has always been preoccupied with minimal cost, low chip complexity, low power consumption, and the poor sensitivities of early-2000s RFID readers. For example, the ISO 18000–6C standard for UHF RFID tags employs FM0 modulation—an extraordinarily simple scheme that does not maximize throughput. We demonstrate how higher-rate channel codes can be applied to the RFID backscatter link without incurring significant penalties in cost, complexity, power consumption, or read ranges for today’s readers. For example, a simple 6/8 balanced block code is shown to increase the throughput in a typical UHF channel by at least 50% with a simple electronic implementation that increases RFID chip device count by less than 1%.
SCAMPER and Creative Problem Solving in Political Science: Insights from Classroom Observation.

ABSTRACTThis article describes the author’s experience using SCAMPER, a creativity-building technique, in a creative problem-solving session that was conducted in an environmental conflict course to generate ideas for managing postconflict stability. SCAMPER relies on cues to help students connect ideas from different domains of knowledge, explore random combinations between ideas in the same area and reduce mental blocks. Insights from classroom observation show SCAMPER’s utility in helping students formulate novel ideas and encourage divergent thinking and classroom participation. Combining SCAMPER with another session designed to evaluate the ideas’ logical connection to the problem is likely to maximize the students’ ability to deliver both original and relevant ideas. SCAMPER is a promising tool that instructors could use to develop their students’ creative problem-solving skills to tackle policy challenges across different subfields in political science.
Increases in wintertime PM2.5 sodium and chloride linked to snowfall and road salt application

Abstract The application of salts and salty brines to roads is common practice during the winter in many urban environments. Road salts can become aerosolized, thereby injecting sodium and chloride particulate matter (PM) into the atmosphere. Here, data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Chemical Speciation Monitoring Network were used to assess temporal trends of sodium and chloride PM2.5 (PM
Latin America Between the Second World War and the Cold War, 1944-1948

Part I. Introduction: The Post-War Conjuncture in Latin America: 1. Democracy, labor and the left Leslie Bethell, Ian Roxborough Part II. Country Studies: 1. Brazil Leslie Bethell 2. Chile Andrew Barnard 3. Argentina Mario Rapoport 4. Bolivia Laurence Whitehead 5. Venezuela Steve Ellner 6. Peru Nigel Haworth 7. Mexico Ian Roxborough 8. Cuba Harold Sims 9. Nicaragua Jeffrey Gould 10. Costa Rica Rodolfo Cerdas Cruz 11. Guatemala James Dunkerley Conclusion: the post-war conjuncture in Latin America and its consequences Index.
Laboratory and Self-Report Methods to Assess Reappraisal and Distraction in Youth

Coping and emotion regulation are central features of risk and resilience in childhood and adolescence, but research on these constructs has relied on different methods of assessment. The current study aimed to bridge the gap between questionnaire and experimental methods of measuring secondary control coping strategies, specifically distraction and cognitive reappraisal, and examine associations with symptoms of anxiety and depression in youth. A community sample of 70 youth (ages 9-15) completed a novel experimental coping and emotion regulation paradigm and self-report measures of coping and emotion regulation and symptoms. Findings indicate that use of distraction and reappraisal during the laboratory paradigm was associated with lower levels of negative emotion during the task. Youth emotion ratings while implementing distraction, but not reappraisal, during the laboratory task were associated with youth self-reported use of secondary control coping in response to family stress. Youth symptoms of anxiety and depression were also significantly positively associated with negative emotion ratings during the laboratory task, and both laboratory task and self-reported coping and emotion regulation accounted for significant variance in symptoms in youth. Both questionnaire and laboratory methods to assess coping and emotion regulation in youth are important for understanding these processes as possible mechanisms of risk and resilience and continued integration of these methods is a priority for future research.