cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
483 LATE PRESENTATION OF MEDIUM CHAIN ACYL COENZYME A DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY AND POSSIBLE DETERIORATION WITH PROPOFOL

Background Medium Chain Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MCADD) is the commonest disorder of fatty acid oxidation with a prevalence of up to 10,000 in the UK. The prevalence estimated by the gene frequency is significantly higher, fuelling the argument for universal screening. Neonatal screening has recently begun in some areas of the UK. Most patients present with a high morbidity and mortality (up to 25%), with up to 19% of diagnoses made on postmortem. Case Description A 16 year old girl presented to her local hospital with an encephalopathy following a 24 hour history of nausea and vomiting and an alcoholic binge 48 hours previously. She was transferred to our PICU as she deteriorated further, while sedated with Propofol. Morphine/ midazolam was substited, but there was marked deterioration over the following 24 hours with left ventricular hypertrophy and global ventricular impairment on echo. Fatty liver was noted on ultrasound. Fluid overload, oliguria and renal failure developed with acidosis, rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria. (Creatine Kinase 3577). Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration was commenced with good effect. After 36 hours the possibility of a fatty acid oxidation defect was considered and urine was sent for organic and amino acids and blood acylcarnitine profile. DNA analysis confirmed the diagnosis of late onset MCADD with the patient homozygous for the A985G mutation. Discussion There are marked similarities in the presentation of MCADD and the Propofol Infusion Syndrome: worsening metabolic and lactic acidosis, cardiovascular collapse with increasing inotropic support, bradyarrhythmias with rhabdomyolysis. Propofol has been shown to impair mitochondrial electron transport in the heart in animal models and there is evidence of multiple disturbances in fatty acid metabolism. Implications for Practice This case demonstrated the need for a high index of suspicion for MCAD deficiency even if age and presenting features are atypical. We would recommend that excessive alcohol intake and propofol sedation be avoided in MCAD deficiency.
Detection and sensitivity analysis of compressed sensing electronic RF receiver

Compressed sensing (CS) technique has been applied in various areas of signal processing including RF signal processing. It is attractive due to its potential wideband coverage with reduced sampling rate. We conduct performance analysis of compressed sensing in receiver application. The compressed sensing uses two modulations and sampling schemes: non-uniform sampling (NUS), and Pseudo Random Code (PRC). Two algorithms are used to process the compressed signals: OMP (Orthogonal Matching Pursuit) and PE (Parameter Estimation). Signal's detection sensitivity is analyzed through probability density function and the detection threshold according to the predetermined false alarm rate. Methods to remedy issue caused by modulations are proposed, and the sensitivity simulation results are also presented. The comparison of the one-signal detection sensitivity using remedy version of OMP and PE on the NUS modulation schemes are also presented and discussed. Sensitivity analysis for variable measurement matrices is then presented.
Case three: Collection of evidence in a murder investigation.

1. Jessica Gosnell, PhD[⇑][1] 1. is assistant professor, Department of Philosophy, Saint Ambrose University 1. Address for correspondence: Jessica Gosnell PhD, assistant professor, Department of Philosophy, Saint Ambrose University, 518 West Locust Street, Davenport IA 52803. (563) 333-6088. GosnellJessica{at}sau.edu. A woman is murdered in a small town. At autopsy, the pathologist notes the woman had engaged in sexual relations shortly before her murder. The police department determines the male partner should be considered a person of interest in their investigation. They begin a canvas of the town, asking every male to voluntarily consent to a DNA test. Men refusing to provide the specimen will be publicly listed as potential suspects and perhaps arrested. All 1500 men in the town provide a specimen and none is identified as the sex partner. The DNA results are entered into the FBI's database and made available to every law enforcement agency in the country. The case against this investigation rests on the failure to obtain informed consent. Informed implies the subject is provided with information and achieves understanding. Consent must be voluntary because one cannot be said to consent to something if it is against his will.1 A significant challenge to the acquisition of valid informed consent is evaluating to what extent the subject understands the information he has been given. In the case of research subjects, while they may be provided with sufficient information to competently agree to participate, their consent is unlawful if they do not understand.2 The requirement for informed consent has traditionally placed the burden on the party seeking consent; this party is obligated to find a way to adequately explain the information and its implications. Consent is invalid when information is withheld. In obtaining consent, an agent may… [1]: #corresp-1
Arco y fuego: representación ritual y memoria en la poesía de Jaime Huenún y Bernardo Colipán

En este articulo se examina como dos poetas mapuche-huilliches de Chile, Bernardo Colipan y Jaime Huenun, representan los rituales mapuches en sus obras, con el fin de reivindicar espacios y simbolos que forman parte del conocimiento local de las comunidades y de la memoria de los mapuches. Estas estrategias de representacion tienen como objetivo reproducir y legitimar la memoria y la tradicion ritual, que se sostienen de una manera duradera y organizada. Se argumenta que el modo en que los autores inscriben textualmente los ritos tiene el doble efecto de consagrar la antiguedad de esas practicas y el conocimiento mapuche, a la vez que demuestra cuan necesarias son para la permanencia de las comunidades, en cuanto unidades sociales articuladas por dichas practicas rituales.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Na2Si4O9 Liquid at High Pressure

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to investigate the structural and transport properties of Na2Si4O9 liquid as a function of pressure. Simulations were performed at 6000 K at a variety of pressures, ranging from 1 atm to 100 GPa. The calculated oxygen self-diffusivity increases with increasing pressure, up to approximately 10−15 GPa, as found in previous simulations and experimental studies. Above this pressure, the O2- diffusivity decreases slightly with increasing pressure. From the MD results, we distinguish two distinct mechanisms for the pressure-induced coordination change of silicon. The first, occurring in the lower pressure regime, below 15 GPa, involves formation of [5]Si species via a reaction with the nonbridging oxygen atoms. The second mechanism occurs at high pressures via a reaction of the bridging oxygen atoms and results in the formation of [3]O species.
Allometry Is a Reasonable Choice in Pediatric Drug Development

Pharmacokinetics (PK) plays a key role in bridging drug efficacy and safety from adults to pediatric patients. The principal purpose of projecting dosing in pediatrics is to guide trial design, not to waive the study per se. This research was designed to evaluate whether the allometric scaling (AS) approach is a satisfactory method to design PK studies in pediatric patients aged 2 years and older. We systematically evaluated drugs that had pediatric label information updated from 1998 to 2015. Only intravenous (IV) or oral administration drugs with available PK information in both children and adults from FDA-approved labels were included. The allometric scaling approach was used to extrapolate adult clearance to pediatric clearance. The relative difference between the observed and the allometric scaling approach-predicted clearance was summarized and used to evaluate the predictive power of the allometric scaling approach. A total of 36 drugs eliminated by a metabolic pathway and 10 drugs by the renal pathway after intravenous (IV) or oral administration were included. Regardless of the administration route, elimination pathway, and age group, the allometric scaling approach can predict clearance in pediatric patients within a 2-fold difference; 18 of the included drugs were predicted within a 25% difference, and 31 drugs within a 50% difference. The allometric scaling approach can adequately design PK studies in pediatric subjects 2 years and older.
A review of potential bluetongue virus vaccine strategies

Bluetongue (BT) is an economically important, non-zoonotic arboviral disease of certain wild and domestic species of cloven-hooved ungulates. Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent and the occurrence of BTV infection is distinctly seasonal in temperate regions of the world, and dependent on the presence of vector biting midges (e.g. Culicoides sonorensis in much of North America). In recent years, severe outbreaks have occurred throughout Europe and BTV is endemic in most tropical and temperate regions of the world. Several vaccines have been licensed for commercial use, including modified live (live-attenuated) and inactivated products, and this review summarizes recent strategies developed for BTV vaccines with emphasis on technologies suitable for differentiating naturally infected from vaccinated animals. The goal of this review is to evaluate realistic vaccine strategies that might be utilized to control or prevent future outbreaks of BT.
Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Admission for Delivery in Women With Congenital Heart Disease.

Background Women with congenital heart disease (CHD) may be at increased risk for adverse events during pregnancy and delivery. Objective To compare delivery outcomes between women with and without CHD. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective study of inpatient delivery admissions in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s California State Inpatient Database compared maternal and fetal outcomes between women with and without CHD by using multivariate logistic regression. Female patients with codes for delivery from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision , from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2011, were included. The association of CHD with readmission was assessed to 7 years after delivery. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were hypothesized to be higher among women with CHD. Data were analyzed from April 4, 2014, through January 23, 2017. Exposures Noncomplex and complex CHD. Main Outcomes and Measures Maternal outcomes included in-hospital arrhythmias, eclampsia or preeclampsia, congestive heart failure (CHF), length of stay, preterm labor, anemia complicating pregnancy, placental abnormalities, infection during labor, maternal readmission at 1 year, and in-hospital mortality. Fetal outcomes included growth restriction, distress, and death. Results Among 3 642 041 identified delivery admissions, 3189 women had noncomplex CHD (mean [SD] age, 28.6 [7.6] years) and 262 had complex CHD (mean [SD] age, 26.5 [6.8] years). Women with CHD were more likely to undergo cesarean delivery (1357 [39.3%] vs 1 164 509 women without CHD [32.0%]; P Conclusions and Relevance In this study of hospital admissions for delivery in California, CHD was associated with incident CHF, atrial arrhythmias, and fetal growth restriction and complex CHD was associated with ventricular arrhythmias and maternal in-hospital mortality, although these outcomes were rare, even in women with complex CHD. These findings may guide monitoring decisions and risk assessment for pregnant women with CHD at the time of delivery.
Storying the Self: A View on Autobiography from Developmental Psychology

All human beings are storytellers. We tell stories of great exploits and unbearable losses, of generations past, and, most often, stories of ourselves. In everyday conversation, with friends and fa...
Gliadin Detection by Immunoassay

Immunoassays are very sensitive and efficient tests commonly used to identify a specific protein. Examples of applications in the food industry include identification of proteins expressed in genetically modified foods, allergens, or proteins associated with a disease, including celiac disease. Celiac disease can be managed if the consumer avoids foods with the protein gluten. One component of gluten in wheat is gliadin, which can be detected and quantitated by immunoassay. Immunoassays are tests that take advantage of the remarkably specific and strong binding of antibodies to antigens. This laboratory exercise uses antibodies made against the antigen gliadin. The presence of gliadin in various food products is determined using a rabbit anti-gliadin antibody horseradish peroxidase conjugate in a dot blot immunoassay.
Developing and implementing activity-based metrics to manage ground system sustainment cost and schedule

Following delivery of a major satellite Ground System (GS), significant operationalization effort may be required to ensure that the system is configured and ready to support launch and operations. In the case of the GOES-R GS, metrics were established early in the transition to operations period in order to manage the effort required by subject matter experts (SMEs) and to ensure the preservation of key expertise following the completion of the development phase of the GS. Using prior analogous missions as a baseline, the GS Project (GSP) team established an initial prediction for system Work Requests (WRs) following the completion of development. This estimate was used in conjunction with planned mission readiness events to baseline SME support requirements. A set of metrics was then established and maintained in order to effectively track progress against this estimate. Key metrics proved to be the creation and closure rates of WRs; the effort required to close WRs; and tracking “stale” WRs that had been open for abnormally long periods of time. In addition, the GSP implemented a series of controls to ensure the effective prioritization of WRs. A weekly cycle of WR reviews assessed the state of each issue, the allocation to the appropriate development organization to resolve the issue, the target event at which the issue must be resolved, and the amount of effort required to address the problem. Based on these metrics, the GSP was able to effectively adjust forward-looking staffing projections on a semi-annual basis, which provided a reliable method to control cost growth and manage schedule. Through regular dialogue and periodic reviews with both the operations team and the developer, the GSP was able to successfully manage the flow of WRs, prioritize them according to criticality and need, and ensure that the GS was prepared to support GOES-R launch and on-orbit operations on schedule.
Celebrating wobble decoding: Half a century and still much is new.

A simple post-transcriptional modification of tRNA, deamination of adenosine to inosine at the first, or wobble, position of the anticodon, inspired Francis Crick's Wobble Hypothesis 50 years ago. ...
Tour-Based Path Analysis of Long-Distance Non-Commute Travel Behavior in California:

Data of long-distance tours by each household from an 8-week California Household Travel Survey travel log are analyzed in this paper. Each tour record contains summary data from a single-day diary...
Privacy and Access to Public Records in the Digital Age

Online public record access brings a wealth of benefits ranging from greater government access and accountability to increased cost-savings and efficiencies. However, due to the presence of highly sensitive, personal data, an increase in public records access also brings potential dangers, including heightened risk of identity theft and frivolous snooping into the affairs of others. Historically, public records have had some measure of public accessibility in order to empower citizens with the ability to observe the goings-on of government, leading to greater government accountability. Until the rise of the internet, citizens have had their privacy protected through practical obscurity (the notion that to actually look at public records, a person would have to physically visit the record holder's office to see a record). Expanding on lessons learned from the experiences of the Privacy and Public Access Sub-Committee of the Supreme Court of Ohio Advisory Committee on Technology and the Courts, this paper will discuss the controversies surrounding online access to public records. In addition, it will offer recommendations as to how government can, by modifying public records laws and rules so that public record information is the same online and off-line, embrace the opportunities provided by online public records while securing the privacy of its citizens.
Aminosilane and Metal Modifications of Polyimide Surfaces

Alterations in polyamic acid-polyimide surfaces produced by the use of different methods of curing (oven vs. hot plate), the application of a silane adhesion promotor (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), and the deposition of copper have been studied using ESCA. Our objective was to develop chemical state information (elemental composition, chemical bonding features) about the modifications occurring in the outermost few tens of angstroms of polyimide films. The results show different C 1s spectral features for hot plate vs. oven cured films but identical stoichiometries. The silane treated amic acid surface showed an additional N 1s component at 402.0 eV due to NH+. Heat treatment of this film resulted in the formation of a silicon-polyimide. Grazing angle ESCA results showed that the silane diffused into the sub-surface of the amic-acid film. Analysis of cured polyimide films after the etch (FeCl3) removal of a copper film indicates that unzipping of the polymer may have occurred. A disrupted polyimide matr ix that is vertically inhomogeneous in elemental composition was detectable after the sputter deposition of ~1.5 nm of Cu onto a cured polyimide film.
Radio seti observations of the interstellar object 'oumuamua

Abstract Motivated by the hypothesis that 'Oumuamua could conceivably be an interstellar probe, we used the Allen Telescope Array to search for radio transmissions that would indicate a non-natural origin for this object. Observations were made at radio frequencies between 1 and 10 GHz using the Array's correlator receiver with a channel bandwidth of 100 kHz. In frequency regions not corrupted by man-made interference, we find no signal flux with frequency-dependent lower limits of 0.01 Jy at 1 GHz and 0.1 Jy at 7 GHz. For a putative isotropic transmitter on the object, these limits correspond to transmitter powers of 30 mW and 300 mW, respectively. In frequency ranges that are heavily utilized for satellite communications, our sensitivity to weak signals is badly impinged, but we can still place an upper limit of 10 W for a transmitter on the asteroid. For comparison and validation should a transmitter be discovered, contemporaneous measurements were made on the solar system asteroids 2017 UZ and 2017 WC with comparable sensitivities. Because they are closer to Earth, we place upper limits on transmitter power to be 0.1 and 0.001 times the limits for 'Oumuamua, respectively.
A deep learning-enabled portable imaging flow cytometer for cost-effective, high-throughput, and label-free analysis of natural water samples

We report a deep learning-enabled field-portable and cost-effective imaging flow cytometer that automatically captures phase-contrast color images of the contents of a continuously flowing water sample at a throughput of 100 mL/h. The device is based on partially coherent lens-free holographic microscopy and acquires the diffraction patterns of flowing micro-objects inside a microfluidic channel. These holographic diffraction patterns are reconstructed in real time using a deep learning-based phase-recovery and image-reconstruction method to produce a color image of each micro-object without the use of external labeling. Motion blur is eliminated by simultaneously illuminating the sample with red, green, and blue light-emitting diodes that are pulsed. Operated by a laptop computer, this portable device measures 15.5 cm × 15 cm × 12.5 cm, weighs 1 kg, and compared to standard imaging flow cytometers, it provides extreme reductions of cost, size and weight while also providing a high volumetric throughput over a large object size range. We demonstrated the capabilities of this device by measuring ocean samples at the Los Angeles coastline and obtaining images of its micro- and nanoplankton composition. Furthermore, we measured the concentration of a potentially toxic alga (Pseudo-nitzschia) in six public beaches in Los Angeles and achieved good agreement with measurements conducted by the California Department of Public Health. The cost-effectiveness, compactness, and simplicity of this computational platform might lead to the creation of a network of imaging flow cytometers for large-scale and continuous monitoring of the ocean microbiome, including its plankton composition.
Functional Data Analyses of Gait Data Measured Using In-Shoe Sensors

In studies of gait, continuous measurement of force exerted by the ground on a body, or ground reaction force (GRF), provides valuable insights into biomechanics, locomotion, and the possible presence of pathology. However, gold-standard measurement of GRF requires a costly in-lab observation obtained with sophisticated equipment and computer systems. Recently, in-shoe sensors have been pursued as a relatively inexpensive alternative to in-lab measurement. In this study, we explore the properties of continuous in-shoe sensor recordings using a functional data analysis approach. Our case study is based on measurements of three healthy subjects, with more than 300 stances (defined as the period between the foot striking and lifting from the ground) per subject. The sensor data show both phase and amplitude variabilities; we separate these sources via curve registration. We examine the correlation of phase shifts across sensors within a stance to evaluate the pattern of phase variability shared across sensors. Using the registered curves, we explore possible associations between in-shoe sensor recordings and GRF measurements to evaluate the in-shoe sensor recordings as a possible surrogate for in-lab GRF measurements.
Review of the United States energy system in transition

This review article provides a synthesis of the most significant transitions taking place in the energy systems of the USA in 2018. These include the leveling off of the total consumption of primary energy and electricity, a shift away from coal-fired electricity generation, advances in the efficiency energy conversions and end-uses, as well as the onshoring and offshoring of some energy applications. Transitions are considered with a long-term, sociotechnological perspective using data from the past 60 years, recognizing the impacts technological developments, economics, public policy, cultural preferences, and concerns about environmental impacts such as climate change. Different transitions are in different phases of development with different scales of impact, with some likely to only become significant over the next few decades.
HelmGemm: Managing GPUs and FPGAs for Transprecision GEMM Workloads in Containerized Environments

Major global vendors, including Google, IBM, Facebook, and Amazon, have recently provided containerized system configurations as a competitive alternative to traditional hypervisor-based virtualization thanks to their rapid deployment, efficiency, compatibility, and maintainability. Similar to traditional cloud environments, energy consumption still constitutes the lion's share of overall infrastructure operating expenses. Most public and private cloud providers have coupled their datacenters with accelerators such as GPUs and FPGAs to improve the energy efficiency of their systems. However, it remains a challenging task to manage such heterogeneous systems and share resources in multi-tenant environments while improving energy efficiency. To address this need, we propose HelmGemm, a system-level component to support energy-efficient computing on CPU-GPU-FPGA heterogeneous architectures for container services. HelmGemm is application-specific to workloads featuring the BLAS3 GEMM routine and allows precision selection across the computational progress, i.e. a technique that recently gave rise to the term "transprecision computing". By evaluating HelmGemm on a POWER9 system with 4×V100 GPUs and 2×9V3 FPGAs, we succeeded in improving the average energy efficiency by up to 2.3× in inter-scale containerized configurations across three representative GEMM-based cloud applications in the field of machine learning, i.e. for speech recognition, language modeling, and deep neural networks.
Psychiatric Disturbance As a Presenting Symptom in Central Nervous Lymphoma

Abstract Background: Central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma manifests as a highly aggressive non-Hodgkins lymphoma, either confined to the central nervous system or secondary to spread of systemic diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Rising incidence of CNS lymphoma has been observed, especially in elderly populations. Presentation depends on the burden and location of disease, with a varying spectrum of symptoms ranging from headaches and cognitive changes to focal neurological deficits and seizures. Neuropsychiatric presentation of CNS lymphoma has been seen and anecdotally reported but appears to be under-represented in the literature. In this retrospective review of patients with CNS lymphoma at MCA we report a cohort of patients who presented with primarily neuropsychiatric symptoms Methods: After receiving IRB approval, we retrospectively identified 135 patients with ICD 9 and 10 codes consistent with CNS lymphoma, seen at Mayo Clinic Arizona, between 1998-2018. Symptoms identified prior to presentation with the CNS component of the lymphoma were recorded with attention to those with depression, anxiety, agitation, psychosis, disinhibition, and apathy. Patients with long term premorbid psychiatric disease or symptoms that developed later in the course as a result the stressors of disease and treatment were excluded. Results: A total of 19 out of 136 patients (14%) were noted to have primarily neuropsychiatric symptoms prior to diagnosis of CNS lymphoma. Symptom onset to diagnosis of PCNSL ranged from 3 weeks to 11 months. The average age was 65, and 47% of subjects were male. Depression, apathy, agitation and features of parkinsonism were the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms identified, with psychosis and disinhibition being the least frequent. The majority of these patients had frontal lobe lesions (42%), although several also had multifocal disease at time of diagnosis. Improvement of neuropsychiatric disease was not explicitly discussed or noted in the treatment and post-treatment notes. In fact, we found it notable that follow up notes generally did not comment on these psychiatric symptoms at all, and there was no clear management plan separate from treating the disease process. Parkinsonian features were observed in 5 patients (26%), with onset range from 2 weeks to 29 months prior to PCNSL diagnosis. The associated lesions were mostly deep basal ganglia or corpus callosum except in one case of left parietal lobe tumor. Notably, all patients had resolution of their parkinsonism with treatment of the lymphoma. Conclusions: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are a rare but noteworthy presentation of CNS lymphoma, distinct from cognitive changes that have been previously described with this condition. There is an increasing awareness of neurological illness presenting as pure psychiatric disturbance, prompting exclusion of organic disease, particularly in elderly patients who present with new psychiatric complaints. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Developmental trap or demographic bonanza? Opposing consequences of earlier phenology in a changing climate for a multivoltine butterfly

A rapidly changing climate has the potential to interfere with the timing of environmental cues that ectothermic organisms rely on to initiate and regulate life history events. Short-lived ectotherms that exhibit plasticity in their life history could increase the number of generations per year under warming climate. If many individuals successfully complete an additional generation, the population experiences an additional opportunity to grow, and a warming climate could lead to a demographic bonanza. However, these plastic responses could become maladaptive in temperate regions, where a warmer climate could trigger a developmental pathway that cannot be completed within the growing season, referred to as a developmental trap. Here we incorporated detailed demography into commonly used photothermal models to evaluate these demographic consequences of phenological shifts due to a warming climate on the formerly widespread, multivoltine butterfly (Pieris oleracea). Using species-specific temperature- and photoperiod-sensitive vital rates, we estimated the number of generations per year and population growth rate over the set of climate conditions experienced during the past 38 years. We predicted that populations in the southern portion of its range have added a fourth generation in recent years, resulting in higher annual population growth rates (demographic bonanzas). We predicted that populations in the Northeast United States have experienced developmental traps, where increases in the thermal window initially caused mortality of the final generation and reduced growth rates. These populations may recover if more growing degree days are added to the year. Our framework for incorporating detailed demography into commonly used photothermal models demonstrates the importance of using both demography and phenology to predict consequences of phenological shifts.
Abstract WP150: Superior Neuroprotective Efficacy of Elovanoids, a Novel Class of Homeostatic Lipid Mediators, in Experimental Stroke

Objectives: Ischemic stroke triggers a pattern of cellular and molecular disturbances that include lipid peroxidation, uncompensated oxidative stress, and neuronal injury. Recently, we have uncover...
Books of uncertainty versus statistics

The book with the title ‘Does Dice Play God? The Mathematics of Uncertainty’ by Ian Stewart is quite fascinating and a great source for learning the fundamentals of uncertainty. Uncertainty is an i...
Analysis of “Accuracy of a 14-Day Factory Calibrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring System With Advanced Algorithm in Pediatric and Adult Population with Diabetes”:

In this study by Alva et al, accuracy of a second-generation factory calibrated continuous glucose monitoring system is evaluated. Compared to the first-generation FreeStyle Libre 14-day system (FSL), accuracy was improved throughout the 14-day wear period, including improved accuracy in hypoglycemia for adults and youth. The addition of optional real-time alerts for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia as well as an integrated continuous glucose monitor (iCGM) designation by the FDA may further enable users to benefit from using CGM in real time, including in future automated insulin delivery systems. As CGM accuracy, affordability, and accessibility improve, we anticipate increased uptake of CGM by people on intensive insulin therapy, and also potential benefits and expansion into a broader patient population. There are growing opportunities to leverage cloud-connected CGM devices in the increasingly virtual, continuous telehealth-driven diabetes care model, which will require more focus on development and use of data interoperability standards.
Applying Conformal Mapping to Derive Analytical Solutions of Space-Charge-Limited Current Density for Various Geometries

While exact analytic solutions for space-charge-limited currents (SCLCs) are well-established for parallel plate geometries, they have only recently been derived for concentric cylindrical and spherical geometries using variational calculus (VC). However, actual diode systems and slow-wave structures are usually more complicated, making SCLC calculations more difficult. In this article, we apply conformal mapping to derive the analytical solutions for SCLC for various complicated geometries exhibiting curvilinear flow. We first replicate the exact solution of SCLC for concentric cylindrical electrodes from VC using conformal mapping to transform from the Child–Langmuir (CL) law for a planar geometry. We then derive SCLC in other geometries using conformal transformations to either the planar or the concentric cylinder solution. Because the SCLC calculated using such conformal mappings depends only on the CL law, this may permit future incorporation of relativistic or quantum corrections to determine the appropriate relationships for more complicated geometries.
Can Offering a Signing Bonus Motivate Effort? Experimental Evidence of the Moderating Effects of Labor Market Competition

ABSTRACT: Employers often rely on informal controls such as trust to motivate organizationally desirable behaviors from their workers by appealing to the latter's reciprocity. Notably, trust and reciprocity can promote a “gift exchange” between employers and workers. Using an experiment, I investigate whether labor market competition moderates the emergence of a gift exchange in labor markets in which signing bonus offers serve as a potential signal of trust and the duration of the employment relationship is endogenously determined. I find that offering a signing bonus more positively affects both workers' beliefs about the employer's trust in them and their effort when there is an excess supply of workers than when there is an excess demand for workers. I also find that the initial effects of signing bonuses may not persist over time. Additional analyses suggest that both employers' and workers' expectations may affect whether and how trust and reciprocity develop over time.
Reducing Risk of InSight Surface Operations Through High-Fidelity Command Sequence Modeling

Simulating spacecraft behavior is crucial for the success of deep space missions. Many previous deep space missions have made use of ground-simulation of sequenced commanding, at speeds far greater than real time, to predict spacecraft state over time through the execution of onboard sequences. This type of modeling can be done at any fidelity, and many missions often need to decrease fidelity to reduce cost and complexity. NASA JPL's Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission expanded the scope of ground modeling considerably, which has led to numerous benefits over past implementations. InSight is the first JPL mission to expand the scope of ground modeling to include the uplink of files from Earth to the spacecraft, rather than making the simplification that any command sequences already exist onboard the spacecraft. The advantages of modeling the uplink of files are numerous. First, it allows for accurate modeling of the onboard filesystem of the spacecraft at all points in time, meaning that all file loads and deletions throughout the mission are modeled at the exact moment they are predicted to actually happen. Second, operators can be more certain that dependencies between sequences are not broken due to the dynamic nature of the filesystem as files are deleted, copied, and uplinked. Lastly, spacecraft filesystem tracking allows for management of sequences prior to uplink, limiting the uplink to only new sequences. During daily tactical operations of a spacecraft on Mars, a model is only useful if the results can be interpreted quickly. In this fast-paced environment, it is essential that command products are modeled and reviewed, errors are found and diagnosed, and new command products are redelivered, remodeled, re-reviewed in a timely manner. It is impossible to review the entire model and therefore the results of the model must be condensed and presented in a fashion that is intuitive, easy-to-navigate, complete, and trustworthy. InSight developed a number of innovative sequence review products that are designed to provide operators with the information required to quickly assess the validity of command products and diagnose potential issues. Together, these products provide a complete, yet succinct picture of the command and sequence model to the operators and facilitate a quick assessment of all sequence command products. This paper will cover sequencing innovations made for InSight surface operations as well as lessons learned for future missions.
Inauthentic Newsfeeds and Agenda Setting in a Coordinated Inauthentic Information Operation

The 2015–2017 Russian Internet Research Agency (IRA)’s coordinated information operation is one of the earliest and most studied of the social media age. A set of 38 city-specific inauthentic “news...
Surviving resurrection

In this paper we examine and critique the constitution view of the metaphysics of resurrection developed and defended by Lynne Rudder Baker. Baker identifies three conditions for an adequate metaphysics of resurrection. We argue that one of these, the identity condition, cannot be met on the constitution view given the account of personal identity it assumes. We discuss some problems with the constitution theory of personal identity Baker develops in her book, Persons and Bodies. We argue that these problems render the constitution theory of personal identity as stated by Baker untenable. The upshot for the debate over the metaphysics of resurrection is that the constitution view of the metaphysics of resurrection must either be rejected or modified.
The association of macronutrient deficit with functional status at discharge from the intensive care unit: a retrospective study from a single-center critical illness registry.

BACKGROUND Nutrition is often thought to influence outcomes in critically ill patients. However, the relationship between macronutrient delivery and functional status is not well characterized. Our goal was to investigate whether caloric or protein deficit over the course of critical illness is associated with functional status at the time of intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of surgical ICU patients at a teaching hospital in Boston, MA. To investigate the association of caloric or protein deficit with Functional Status Score for the ICU (FSS-ICU), we constructed linear regression models, controlling for age, sex, race, body mass index, Nutritional Risk in the Critically Ill score, and ICU length of stay. We then dichotomized caloric as well as protein deficit, and performed logistic regressions to investigate their association with functional status, controlling for the same variables. RESULTS Linear regression models (n = 976) demonstrated a caloric deficit of 238 kcal (237.88; 95%CI 75.13-400.63) or a protein deficit of 14 g (14.23; 95%CI 4.46-24.00) was associated with each unit decrement in FSS-ICU. Logistic regression models demonstrated a 6% likelihood (1.06; 95%CI 1.01-1.14) of caloric deficit ≥6000 vs. <6000 kcal and an 8% likelihood (1.08; 95%CI 1.01-1.15) of protein deficit ≥300 vs. <300 g with each unit decrement in FSS-ICU. CONCLUSION In our cohort of patients, macronutrient deficit over the course of critical illness was associated with worse functional status at discharge. Future studies are needed to determine whether optimized macronutrient delivery can improve outcomes in ICU survivors.
Divided spatial attention and feature-mixing errors

Spatial attention is thought to play a critical role in feature binding. However, often multiple objects or locations are of interest in our environment, and we need to shift or split attention between them. Recent evidence has demonstrated that shifting and splitting spatial attention results in different types of feature-binding errors. In particular, when two locations are simultaneously sharing attentional resources, subjects are susceptible to feature-mixing errors; that is, they tend to report a color that is a subtle blend of the target color and the color at the other attended location. The present study was designed to test whether these feature-mixing errors are influenced by target–distractor similarity. Subjects were cued to split attention across two different spatial locations, and were subsequently presented with an array of colored stimuli, followed by a postcue indicating which color to report. Target–distractor similarity was manipulated by varying the distance in color space between the two attended stimuli. Probabilistic modeling in all cases revealed shifts in the response distribution consistent with feature-mixing errors; however, the patterns differed considerably across target-distractor color distances. With large differences in color, the findings replicated the mixing result, but with small color differences, repulsion was instead observed, with the reported target color shifted away from the other attended color.
Distributed control of network vehicles

This paper summarizes the modeling, sensors, network, and user interface of the HoTDeC/sup 3/ project at the University of Illinois. The current prototype is capable of 2 planar autonomous aerial vehicles hovering on a finely perforated airtable. They communicate sensor and actuation data via a custom wireless/wired network. Complete and up-to-date details can be found on our website: http://legend.me.uiuc.edu/hotdec.
‘Market Talk’ and Talking Back: Recent studies from communication and rhetorical studies

The disappearance of clear demarcations between economic spheres and other realms of human interaction, including legal, political, and organizational domains, is held across critiques of contempor...
Bar induction and Π11-CA

This paper compares the subsystem of analysis based on the Π 1 1 -comprehension axiom (Π 1 1 - CA ) with classical Bar Induction (BI). An extension of Bar Induction using infinitary formulae is also considered, which was suggested to us by G. Kreisel (oral communication). To describe these formal systems, we first describe the language, L , appropriate for their formalization. L contains the language of ENT (1st order arithmetic) plus function variables ƒ i , g i , h i , etc. Number-theoretic terms are built up from +, × , ′ , 0, and application.
Differential Privacy for Social Science Inference

Social scientists often want to analyze data that contains sensitive personal information that must remain private. However, common techniques for data sharing that attempt to preserve privacy either bring great privacy risks or great loss of information. A long literature has shown that anonymization techniques for data releases are generally open to reidentification attacks. Aggregated information can reduce but not prevent this risk, while also reducing the utility of the data to researchers. Even publishing statistical estimates without releasing the data cannot guarantee that no sensitive personal information has been leaked. Differential Privacy, deriving from roots in cryptography, is one formal, mathematical conception of privacy preservation. It brings provable guarantees that any reported result does not reveal information about any one single individual. In this paper we detail the construction of a secure curator interface, by which researchers can have access to privatized statistical results from their queries without gaining any access to the underlying raw data. We introduce differential privacy and the construction of differentially private summary statistics. We then present new algorithms for releasing differentially private estimates of causal effects and the generation of differentially private covariance matrices from which any least squares regression may be estimated. We demonstrate the application of these methods through our curator interface.
History of DNA Sequencing Technologies

DNA sequencing technologies have a relatively short history – with the first published report in 1973 – a mere 39 years. But what a history! In 1973, Walter Gilbert and Allan Maxam published the 24 base pair sequence of the lac operator using chemical sequencing techniques Gilbert and Maxam (Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 70(12):3581–3584, 1973). Through innovation and automation, we are now able in 2012 to sequence the entire human genome (three billion base pairs) in a little more than a week. This chapter will review this short but amazing story of brute force, automation, and innovation from its infancy to the present. Suffice it to say that advances and technological leaps are continuing apace and this chapter will be outdated by the time you are reading it.
Computerized Writing and Reading Instruction for Students in Grades 4-9 with Specific Learning Disabilities Affecting Written Language.

Computer scientists and educational researchers evaluated effectiveness of computerized instruction tailored to evidence-based impairments in specific learning disabilities (SLDs) in students in grades 4 to 9 with persisting SLDs despite prior extra help. Following comprehensive, evidence-based differential diagnosis for dysgraphia (impaired handwriting), dyslexia (impaired word reading and spelling), and oral and written language learning disability (OWL LD), students completed 18 sessions of computerized instruction over about 3 months. The 11 students taught letter formation with sequential, numbered, colored arrow cues with full contours who wrote letters on lines added to iPAD screen showed more and stronger treatment effects than the 21 students taught using only visual motion cues for letter formation who wrote on an unlined computer monitor. Teaching to all levels of language in multiple functional language systems (by ear, eye, mouth, and hand) close in time resulted in significant gains in reading and writing skills for the group and in diagnosed SLD hallmark impairments for individuals; also, performance on computerized learning activities correlated with treatment gains. Results are discussed in reference to need for both accommodations and explicit instruction for persisting SLDs and the potential for computers to teach handwriting, morphophonemic orthographies, comprehension, and composition.
Ceramics, Electronic Properties and Material Structure

The properties of a ceramic material that make it suitable for a given electronic application are intimately related to such physical properties as crystal structure, crystallographic defects, grain boundaries, domain structure, microstructure, and macrostructure. The development of ceramics that possess desirable electronic properties requires an understanding of the relationship between material structural characteristics and electronic properties and how processing conditions may be manipulated to control structural features. Ceramic insulators are materials used to support electrical conductors and to prevent the flow of electrical charge between them. Ceramic materials suitable for capacitor (charge storage) use are also dependent on the dielectric properties of the material. Materials that show an induced polarization (electric charge) resulting from an applied stress, are referred to as piezoelectric materials, and the effect is referred to as the direct piezoelectric effect. Pyroelectrics are a subset of piezoelectric materials. The most commercially important application that takes advantage of the pyroelectric effect in polycrystalline ceramics is infrared detection. Ferroelectrics, materials that display a spontaneous polarization in the absence of an applied electric field, also display pyroelectric and piezoelectric behavior. Magnetic ceramics or ferrites may be classified according to crystal structure and the type of magnetic properties. The most commonly used ferrites, the so-called soft ferrites, are used in soft magnet and low field telecommunication applications, low power transformers, television tube scanning yokes, recording heads, magnetic recording media Varistors are devices that exhibit nonlinear current–voltage behavior. The majority of the electronic ceramics that are used for electronic applications crystallize in the perovskite structure. Keywords: Insulators; Piezoelectrics; Pyroelectrics; Ferroelectrics; Sensors; Processing; Semiconductors; Films