cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Linear Intracerebral Calcification After Depth Electrode Implantation

We report linear calcifications along the trajectories of previously implanted depth electrodes in 2 patients. A 20-year-old man and a 38-year-old woman with medically intractable complex partial seizures (CPS), underwent bilateral frontal and mesiotemporal depth electrode implantation as part of their epilepsy surgery workup. Brain computed tomography (CT) at that time was normal (except for cerebrellar atrophy in one case). One patient had a left anterotemporal lobectomy (ATL), and the other declined operation. Subsequent CT scans showed linear calcifications 1-2 cm long in the occipital lobes (unilateral in 1 and bilateral in the other) that followed the trajectories of the temporal depth electrodes. This finding remained unchanged at latest follow-up (2-2.5 years), and no new pathology has appeared on subsequent scans. No abnormalities of calcium metabolism were detected. Review of all available CT scans of our patients with a history of previous depth electrode implantation showed no additional similar cases. We believe this is the first report of intracerebral calcifications after depth electrode implantation.
GENERALIZATION OF EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT TRAINING TO THE JOB SETTING: INDIVIDUAL AND SITUATIONAL EFFECTS

This study examined whether variables at individual, unit, and suborganization levels influence the extent to which the knowledge and skills learned in employee involvement (EI) training are generalized beyond specific EI activities. Training generalization occurs when the knowledge and skills learned in training for a specific purpose in one context (e.g., EI training for use in quality circles) are applied by trainees in another context (e.g., regular job duties). A multiple-cross-level design using data gathered from 252 employees and supervisors drawn from 88 units across 11 suborganizations provided support for both individual and situational effects. Hierarchical regression results demonstrated that characteristics at individual, unit, and suborganization levels significantly predicted the extent EI knowledge, skills, and attitudes were generalized to the core job activities. As predicted, trainees were more likely to use EI training in performing core job activities the more EI activities they participated in, the greater their commitment to the organization, and the less cynical they were about the likelihood of positive organizational change. Contrary to expectations, more generalization of EI training was found to occur in units and suborganizations with less participative climates.
Bean tumbling as a control measure for the common bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus

Recognizing that it takes Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) larvae over 24 h to bore into a dry red kidney bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and that boring can occur only at particular sites where a bean abuts some other surface, we postulated that this pest might be controlled by periodic tumbling of beans so as to place initiated holes out of register with requisite touching surfaces. Larvae repeatedly forced to initiate holes might die of exhaustion, if not smashed by tumbling beans. Indeed, brief daily tumbling of beans held in half-filled jars, buckets, and gunny sacks reduced A. obtectus populations by 97% relative to stationary controls. We recommend that small lots of beans can be protected indefinitely from the bean weevil when stored in <75% filled cylinders rolled ca 1 circumference every morning and evening. This control method should be immediately useful, particularly among subsistence families, since the only external input is knowledge. Also, this control principle might be broadly applicable to other bean and grain pests having strict spatial and temporal requirements for seed penetration.
ATXN1 Protein Family and CIC Regulate Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Lung Alveolarization

Summary Although expansion of CAG repeats in ATAXIN1 ( ATXN1 ) causes Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, the functions of ATXN1 and ATAXIN1-Like (ATXN1L) remain poorly understood. To investigate the function of these proteins, we generated and characterized Atxn1L −/− and Atxn1 −/− ; Atxn1L −/− mice. Atxn1L −/− mice have hydrocephalus, omphalocele, and lung alveolarization defects. These phenotypes are more penetrant and severe in Atxn1 −/− ; Atxn1L −/− mice, suggesting that ATXN1 and ATXN1L are functionally redundant. Upon pursuing the molecular mechanism, we discovered that several Matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) genes are overexpressed and that the transcriptional repressor Capicua (CIC) is destabilized in Atxn1L −/− lungs. Consistent with this, Cic deficiency causes lung alveolarization defect. Loss of either ATXN1L or CIC derepresses Etv4 , an activator for Mmp genes, thereby mediating MMP9 overexpression. These findings demonstrate a critical role of ATXN1/ATXN1L-CIC complexes in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling during development and their potential roles in pathogenesis of disorders affecting ECM remodeling.
Adapalene: an update on newer comparative studies between the various retinoids.

Background Extensive modification of the retinoic acid molecular skeleton has resulted in the development of adapalene, a more stable, less irritating compound with receptor selectivity. Adapalene selectively targets nuclear retinoic acid receptors found primarily in the epidermis. Pharmacologic and preclinical studies have demonstrated excellent follicular penetration, comedolytic activity, and anti-inflammatory activity. Methods Recent comparative trials were reviewed. Results Adapalene is a useful new agent because of its tolerability and stability. It is a good therapeutic choice for combination with other topical anti-acne medications, such as antimicrobials or benzoyl peroxide. Patient compliance with either combination or single-agent adapalene regimens is likely to be enhanced because of the greater comfort and reduced skin irritation associated with the new compound. Other investigators have confirmed that adapalene gel produces consistent and significantly reduced irritation. Conclusions Recent comparative trials on retinoids have provided new data to aid in the selection of the appropriate combination of topical agents for individual patients.
Realistic Job Previews: A Critical Appraisal and Future Research Directions

The considerable research on realistic job previews (RJPs) leaves no firm conclusions as to their effectiveness. Research results are inconsistent. A critical appraisal of past RJP research addresses specific issues: (a) the psychological processes that have been hypothesized to mediate the effectiveness of RJPs; (b) RJP boundary conditions; and (c) methodological weaknesses of previous RJP studies. Future directions for research are suggested.
To hatch and hatch not: similar selective trade-offs but different responses to egg predators in two closely related, syntopic treefrogs

Risk-sensitive hatching is adaptive for species facing a trade-off between egg-stage and post-hatching risks, and environmental variation in one or both stages. Such plasticity has been found in amphibians, fishes, reptiles and spiders, with red-eyed treefrogs (Agalychnis callidryas) being the best-studied case. We assessed hatching plasticity and egg- and larval-stage risks in a closely related, syntopic species, the gliding leaf-frog (Agalychnis spurrelli). We found a lower hatching response to egg-eating snakes in A. spurrelli (9-28% of embryos escaped) than in A. callidryas (59-80% escaped). Levels of snake predation were similarly high for clutches of both species monitored at a pond in Costa Rica, and in fish predation experiments early-hatched A. spurrelli tadpoles were more vulnerable than later hatchlings, as has been shown for A. callidryas. A. spurrelli thus face a risk trade-off similar to A. callidryas, and likely would benefit from predator-induced hatching; their lower responsiveness to snakes appears nonadaptive. A. spurrelli embryos showed a stronger hatching response (57% hatched in 1 h) to submergence underwater than to snake attacks even though submergence is a less frequent risk. This suggests they have a greater capacity for early hatching than is expressed in the context of snake attacks, but have much lower sensitivity to snake cues than to flooding cues. Development in A. spurrelli is accelerated compared to syntopic A. callidryas, and spontaneous hatching is earlier and more synchronous. This is congruent with predictions based on selection by egg predators in the absence of a strong escape hatching response.
Resource Depression on the Northwest Coast of North America

The mammal and fish faunal record from eight sites on the Columbia River (Oregon, USA) dating to the last 2200 years is examined to study subsistence change before and after European contact. Results show an increased use of low-ranked resources before contact and increased use of high-ranked resources after contact, trends that are predicted from changing demography and human predation pressure.
Antioxidants Prevent γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane-Induced Inhibition of Rat Myometrial Gap Junctions and Contractions

Abstract Lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane) is a commonly used pesticide that bioaccumulates in mammalian adipose tissue. Lindane inhibits gap junctional intercellular communication and oscillatory contractions of pregnant rat myometrium in vitro. The present study investigated the role of oxidative stress in lindane's inhibition of myometrial function in mid-gestation pregnant rat uteri. Lucifer yellow dye was microinjected into cultured myocytes to assess gap junctional intercellular communication. Lindane exposure (100 μM) resulted in a time-dependent, biphasic inhibition of dye transfer. This pattern of inhibition was also seen upon cell exposure to the pro-oxidant, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (100 μM). Lindane's initial and secondary-onset dye transfer inhibitions were reversed by cotreatment and pretreatment with the antioxidants, α-tocopherol (25–100 μM), diphenyl-1,4-phenylene diamine (10–30 μM), and superoxide dismutase (100–400 U/ml). d-mannitol (100–300 mM) also reversed lindane's initial dye trans...
Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesias and pseudohypo-parathyroidism type Ib.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a rare cause of paroxysmal dyskinesias. We describe an otherwise well 10-year-old girl who was diagnosed with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib after presenting with involuntary movements of the hands and feet that occurred while running or walking. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain indicated T 1 hyperintensities of the bilateral basal ganglia. A computed tomography scan of the head revealed diffuse cerebral calcifications, most prominent in the basal ganglia. Treatment with calcitriol and calcium carbonate led to a complete resolution of her signs. We recommend that hypoparathyroidism always be considered in patients with kinesigenic paroxysmal dyskinesias, especially insofar as it is a treatable disorder.
Variations of ecosystem gas exchange in the rain forest mesocosm at Biosphere 2 in response to elevated CO2

The effects of elevated CO2 on tropical ecosystems were studied in the artificial rain forest mesocosm at Biosphere 2, a large-scale and ecologically diverse experimental facility located in Oracle, Arizona. The ecosystem responses were assessed by comparing the whole-system net gas exchange (NEE) upon changing CO2 levels from 900 to 450 ppmV. The day-NEE was significantly higher in the elevated CO2 treatment. In both experiments, the NEE rates were similar to values observed in natural analogue systems. Variations in night-NEE, reflecting both soil CO2 efflux and plants respiration, covaried with temperature but showed no clear correlation with atmospheric CO2 levels. After correcting for changes in CO2 efflux we show that the rain forest net photosynthesis increased in response to increasing atmospheric CO2. The photosynthetic enhancement was expressed in higher quantum yields, maximum assimilation rates and radiation use efficiency. The results suggest that photosynthesis in large tropical trees is CO2 sensitive, at least following short exposures of days to weeks. Taken at face value, the data suggest that as a result of anthropogenic emissions of CO2, tropical rain forests may shift out of steady state, and become a carbon sink at least for short periods. However, a better understanding of the unique conditions and phenomena in Biosphere 2 is necessary before these results are broadly useful.
Information Processing Strategy During Analytical Procedures: Where and How Auditors Focus Their Attention

Experienced auditors used computerized case materials to perform analytical procedures and identify audit planning concerns. Process-racing software monitored information search patterns and provided evidence about where and how participants focused their attention. Half of the participants examined a case with seeded problems, which provided a basis for examining whether task conditions influence processing strategy. Participants focused primarily on comparative financial statement account balances and secondarily on financial ratios, which suggests that planning analytical procedures cannot be operationalized as a ratio analysis task. Participants who used a configural information processing strategy spent more time on task. Configural processing was also associated with an increase in the number of documented planning concerns, but only for the case without seeded problems. Neither case differences nor auditor experience had a direct effect on the use of a configural information processing strategy.
Complementary envelope estimation for frequency-modulated random signals

The Hilbert envelope is a well-known indicator for amplitude modulation in subband time series. However, frequency modulation estimators typically impose temporal smoothness constraints that limit their general use for stochastic signals. We introduce the complementary envelope as a direct indicator of stochastic phase coherence and frequency modulation. Rooted in the second-order statistics of randomly-phased sinusoids, the complementary envelope is distinct from the Hilbert envelope, and can be estimated easily and separately. We propose a new complementary envelope estimator based on modified multitaper spectral analysis, and use it to reveal previously unseen FM-like behavior in ship propeller noise.
A N-Assets Efficient Frontier Guideline For Investments Courses

This article provides directions that allow instructors and students to build an efficient frontier for investments courses. Our step-by-step approach intends to substantially reduce or eliminate the problems in combining the steps of downloading from the internet and use the data to build the efficient frontier and the capital market line, when short sales are present or not. In a less restricted theoretical framework, the approach can be applied to any subset of assets.
Cranial Kinesis in Lizards

Lizards are one of the most successful terrestrial vertebrate groups with over 3,000 living species. They are characterized by a combination of distinctive skull features that are involved in a unique pattern of cranial kinesis, that is, movement within the skull (Bradley, 1903; Versluys, 1910, 1912; Iordansky, 1966, 1970, 1971a,b, 1990; Frazzetta, 1962, 1983, 1986). This syndrome is supposed to have arisen gradually (Iordansky, 1990) as a series of historical adaptations to improved capturing and handling of prey with the jaws (see, for instance, Frazzetta, 1986) and has been regarded as a key factor in the success of lizards, facilitating extensive radiation since their origin in the Mesozoic (Frazzetta, 1986). However, some of the supposed advantages of intracranial movements have been disputed (Smith, 1980; Smith and Hylander, 1985; Throckmorton and Clarke, 1981), and problems exist in understanding how some features evolved, especially the development of mesokinesis, a joint between the frontal and parietal bones (Fig. 1). This joint combines with the metakinetic joint, a more posterior area of mobility between the back of the parietal bone and the brain case (endocranium), to make the skull amphikinetic.
Obtaining Viscoelastic Properties from Instrumented Indentation

Instrumented indentation is a powerful tool for probing small-scale mechanical behaviors of “soft” materials, such as polymers, composites, and biomaterials [1-3]. Since many soft materials deform viscoelastically, it is important to develop robust analysis methods for obtaining viscoelastic properties from indentation measurements. Extending the early work by such pioneers as Lee [4], Radok [5], Lee and Radok [6], Hunter [7], Gramham [8], and Ting [9], a number of authors have recently proposed methods for determining viscoelastic properties from indentation measurements [10-33]. In this presentation, we will discuss our recent results on modeling instrumented indentation in linear viscoelastic solids [34-40]. We will first examine the relationships between initial unloading slope, contact depth, and viscoelastic properties for various loading conditions, including load- or displacement-control [35-37]. We will then discuss several commonly used methods, such as the "hold-at-peak-load" and "hold-at-the-maximum-depth" techniques [38]. We will also evaluate methods for obtaining storage and loss modulus using dynamic indentation using either spherical or pyramidal indenters [39]. Furthermore, we will discuss a set of newly proposed methods for measuring shear relaxation modulus and creep compliance using axisymmetric indenters of power-law profiles [40]. Results on indentation in viscoplastic solids will also be presented. These investigations may help improve instrumented indentation techniques for measuring mechanical properties of soft materials.
Catalysis of ACAT may be completed within the plane of the membrane: a working hypothesis

Two ACAT sharing protein sequence homology near their C termini have been identified. Both proteins may span the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane several times. There is good evidence implicating the role of ACAT1 in macrophage foam cell formation, and ACAT2 in intestinal cholesterol absorption. On the other hand, the functional roles of ACAT1 and ACAT2 in the VLDL or chylomicron assembly process are less clear. It is possible that both enzymes are able to form lipid droplets (which are present in the cytoplasm), and participate in lipoprotein assembly (which occurs in the ER lumen). To link the site of ACAT catalysis with its function, we propose that part of the ACAT catalytic site may reside within the lipid bilayer, allowing catalysis to be completed within the plane of the membrane. Cholesteryl esters (CE) produced in situ may burst into cytoplasmic lipid droplets, carrying phospholipid monolayers as their outer coats. In cells engaged in lipoprotein assembly and secretion, CE in the bilayer may be recognized by the specific protein microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein (MTP), reaching out from the lumenal side of the membrane. MTP then lipidates the growing apolipoprotein B (apoB) chain with CE and TG during the early stages of apoB lipoprotein assembly. —Chang, T. Y., C. C. Y. Chang, X. Lu, and S. Lin. Catalysis of ACAT may be completed within the plane of the membrane: a working hypothesis. J. Lipid Res. 2001. 42: 1933–1938.
Agent-Based Modeling of Vascularization in Gradient Tissue Engineering Constructs

Abstract An agent-based model is developed to simulate the vascular growth in engineered biomaterials. This study investigates the influence of growth factor release rate on rapid and stable vascularization. Different growth factor release profiles are generated and tested using the agent-based model. The simulation results are verified with experimental studies. Effective release policies are identified; microsphere properties for promoting angiogenesis are suggested.
Chebyshev Propagation and Applications to Scattering Problems

The Chebyshev operator is a discrete cosine-type propagator that bears many formal similarities with the time propagator. It has some unique and desirable numerical properties that distinguish it as an optimal propagator for a wide variety of quantum mechanical studies of molecular systems. In this contribution, we discuss some recent applications of the Chebyshev propagator to scattering problems, including the calculation of resonances, cumulative reaction probabilities, S-matrix elements, cross-sections, and reaction rates.
Three-dimensional relativistic MHD simulations of active galactic nuclei jets: magnetic kink instability and Fanaroff–Riley dichotomy

Energy deposition by active galactic nuclei jets into the ambient medium can affect galaxy formation and evolution, the cooling of gas flows at the centres of galaxy clusters, and the growth of the supermassive black holes. However, the processes that couple jet power to the ambient medium and determine jet morphology are poorly understood. For instance, there is no agreement on the cause of the well-known Fanaroff-Riley (FR) morphological dichotomy of jets, with FRI jets being shorter and less stable than FRII jets. We carry out global 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of relativistic jets propagating through the ambient medium. We show that the flat density profiles of galactic cores slow down and collimate the jets, making them susceptible to the 3D magnetic kink instability. We obtain a critical power, which depends on the galaxy core mass and radius, below which jets become kink-unstable within the core, stall, and inflate cavities filled with relativistically-hot plasma. Jets above the critical power stably escape the core and form powerful backflows. Thus, the kink instability controls the jet morphology and can lead to the FR dichotomy. The model-predicted dependence of the critical power on the galaxy optical luminosity agrees well with observations.
Modification of the Applied Research Laboratories 2 M Spectrograph for D. C. Arc Methods

In the Pratt Trace Analysis Laboratory an Applied Research Laboratories, (ARL) 2 M grating spectrograph is being used almost exclusively with a direct current source, for high sensitivity methods including the cathode layer technique. Several modifications of the equipment have been made and while only one of these is basically new, they have combined to give such an increase in value to the instrument that it is felt they may be of interest to other users.
Identifying critical beliefs about sleep in primary insomnia.

Subject Objective: Maladaptive beliefs about sleep are associated with insomnia and are assessed with the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep scale (DBAS). Three studies explored which DBAS items (1) maximally differentiated people with insomnia from good sleepers, (2) declined with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), and (3) were related to other clinical improvement indexes. Design: Data from previous studies were analyzed to evaluate the above 3 hypotheses. Participants: The total sample (N = 332) was comprised of experimental and treatment-seeking people with insomnia and good sleepers ranging from 20 to 79 years of age (mean ± SD 51.3 ± 14.7). Results: The analyses of variance of the 30 items of the DBAS in Study 1 suggested that 16 items differentiated insomnia sufferers from good sleepers. In Study 2, 8 items showed significantly greater changes in response to CBT than alternate therapies. However, only 2 of these items were among the 16 items that discriminated insomnia sufferers from good sleepers in Study 1. In Study 3, declining scores on 15 of 30 DBAS items in response to CBT were related to 1 or more indexes of clinical improvement. Conclusion: The 16 beliefs of the DBAS-30 that best discriminated insomnia sufferers from good sleepers related to helplessness and hopelessness in the insomnia group. CBT addressed some of these beliefs, although some beliefs relating to helplessness remained relatively elevated. These residual beliefs should be investigated further, as they may confer cognitive risk for future insomnia and imply ways to improve current CBT strategies.
Neurosecretory innervation of the accessory gland region of the male stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans

Summary The accessory gland region of the ejaculatory duct of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) was found to be innervated by neurosecretory fibers that originate from a series of peripheral ganglia associated with the ejaculatory duct. An ultrastructural study of these ganglia revealed that they contain two neurosecretory cells that produce morphologically different secretory granules that release their products at different sites. Neurosecretory nerves extending from these ganglia form numerous branches that terminate on the basal surface of the gland cells and on the muscle fibers of the tunica muscularis of the ejaculatory duct. Since these ganglia as well as the median abdominal nerve were found to contain neurohemal areas, the accessory gland and the other reproductive organs of this species may be regulated by neurohemal as well as by neuroeffector mechanisms. The accessory gland of the male stable fly is the only internal reproductive organ reported thus far in insects in which the gland ce...
An Algorithm for Solving Polynomial Equations

(1986). An Algorithm for Solving Polynomial Equations. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 93, No. 6, pp. 421-430.
Insights into RNA binding by the anticancer drug cisplatin from the crystal structure of cisplatin-modified ribosome

Cisplatin is a widely prescribed anticancer drug, which triggers cell death by covalent binding to a broad range of biological molecules. Among cisplatin targets, cellular RNAs remain the most poorly characterized molecules. Although cisplatin was shown to inactivate essential RNAs, including ribosomal, spliceosomal and telomeric RNAs, cisplatin binding sites in most RNA molecules are unknown, and therefore it remains challenging to study how modifications of RNA by cisplatin contributes to its toxicity. Here we report a 2.6A-resolution X-ray structure of cisplatin-modified 70S ribosome, which describes cisplatin binding to the ribosome and provides the first nearly atomic model of cisplatin-RNA complex. We observe nine cisplatin molecules bound to the ribosome and reveal consensus structural features of the cisplatin-binding sites. Two of the cisplatin molecules modify conserved functional centers of the ribosome-the mRNA-channel and the GTPase center. In the mRNA-channel, cisplatin intercalates between the ribosome and the messenger RNA, suggesting that the observed inhibition of protein synthesis by cisplatin is caused by impaired mRNA-translocation. Our structure provides an insight into RNA targeting and inhibition by cisplatin, which can help predict cisplatin-binding sites in other cellular RNAs and design studies to elucidate a link between RNA modifications by cisplatin and cisplatin toxicity.
Enacting and Sustaining Trauma and Violence Through Policy Enforcement: Family Immigration Detention

In the fall of 2015, Professor Lisa Graybill and two law students from Sturm College of Law responded to a call from the American Immigrant Lawyers Association (AILA) requesting pro bono legal services to women and their children who were being held at a detention center in Artesia, New Mexico. When Professor Graybill and the students arrived at the detention center, they were surprised and dismayed by what they found: poor conditions, sick children, policies that subverted access to the legal system, and women and children who experienced multiple and severe acts of sexual and physical violence without hope of protection in their home countries. Incensed by the injustices she witnessed, she approached me as a social work faculty member in order to propose an interdisciplinary course in law and social work that would focus on immigrant family detention. The course included a spring break learning experience in which students would provide pro bono legal and social support services to women and children held in immigration detention facilities in Texas. This project was supported through the use of funds from the University of Denver Latino Center for Community Engagement and Scholarship, Sturm College of Law, and the Graduate School of Social Work. This editorial is written based on our experiences at the immigration family jail located in Dilley, TX.
The Analysis of the Relationship between Cytomegalovirus Infection and Intracranial Injury In Newborn

Objective:To analyze the relationship between cytomegalovirus infection and intracranial injury in newborn.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed the clinical datas of the 464 cases with cytomegalovirus in neonatal department.Divided the patients into three groups:IgM positive group,DNA positive group and double positive group.Compared the intracranial injury incidence among these groups.Results:The intracranial injury incidence was no significant difference between the IgM positive group and double positive group(P0.05).And the incidence of the two groups were higher than that of the DNA positive group(P0.01).The brain hemorrhages incidence was no significant difference among three groups(P0.05).The glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT),protrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) were increased in three groups,which was no significant difference among three groups(P0.05).Conclusions:Cytomegalovirus active infection can cause the newborn intracranial injury.And there is no significant difference between cytomegalovirus active infection and latent infection in the brain hemorrhages.
End‐group functionalization and postpolymerization modification of helical poly(isocyanide)s

This contribution presents the synthesis of helical alkyne-terminated polymers using a functionalized Nickel complex to initiate the polymerization of menthylphenyl isocyanides. The resulting polymers display low dispersities and controlled molecular weights. Copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC) are performed to attach various azide-containing compounds to the polymer termini. After azido-phosphonate moiety attachment the polymer displays a signal at 25.4 ppm in the 31P NMR spectrum demonstrating successful end-group functionalization. End-group functionalization of a fluorescent dye allows to determine the functionalization yield as 89% (±8). Successful ligation of an azide-functionalized peptide sequence (MKLA = 1547 g/mol) increases the Mn from 5100 for the parent polymer to 6700 for the bioconjugate as visualized by GPC chromatography. Analysis by CD spectroscopy confirms that the helical conformation of the poly(isocyanide) block in the peptide–polymer conjugate is maintained after postpolymerization modification. These results demonstrate an easy, generalizable, and versatile strategy toward mono-telechelic helical polymers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 2766–2773
Symptomatic hypomagnesemia complicating regional enteritis.

Four patients with inflammatory bowel disease developed symptomatic hypomagnesemia, with symptoms and signs comparable to those induced in experimental animals by magnesium-deficient diets. Dependence solely upon the plasma magnesium may be deceptive as it may not reflect a severe total body magnesium depletion. Although hypomagnesemia is a relatively uncommon complication, patients with inflammatory bowel disease are uniquely disposed to the development of this problem either as a result of the underlying disease or as a consequence of therapy. The symptoms of hypomagnesemia are readily reversible. Unrecognized depletion of magnesium may interfere with the complete restoration of other ion deficits, including calcium and potassium.
Aneurysmal expansion presenting as facial weakness: case report and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Facial paralisis and hemifascial spasm are rare presentations of aneurysms in the posterior fossa. We report an unusual case of rapidly progressive facial palsy caused by the acute expansion of an arterioverous malformation-associated anterioinferior cerebellar artery aneurysm. The case is notable for the rapid progression of symptoms and their precise correlation with radiographic changes, emphasizing the potential dynamic nature of aneurysms associated with arteriovenous malformations. CLINICAL PRESENTATION :A 56-year-old woman with severe headache and nausea was seen in a local emergency room, where she underwent a neurological examination with unremarkable results and a head computed tomographic scan demonstrating acute hemorrhage in the ambient cisterns. Conventional and computed tomographic angiograms demonstrated an arteriovenous malformation in the righ cerebellopontine angle fed by the anterioinferior cerebellar and superior cerebellar aeteries. A microaneurysm measuring 3 mm was noted within the internal carotid artery on the meatal loop of the anteroinferior cerebellar artery. Two weeks later, a rapidly progressive right facial weakness developed in the patient, progressing to complete facial plegia over 12 hours, and complete sensory neural hearing loss. Repeart angiography demonstrated expansion of the previously visualized aneurysm to 8 X 4 mm. INTERVENTION: The patient was taken to surgery for clipping of the aneurysm, which required petrous drilling to unroof the canal. She has experienced substantial recovery of facial nerve function. CONCLUSION: Although compression of the VIIth-VIIIth nerve complex is an unusual presentation for posterior fossa aneurysms, it represents an important potential complication of vascular pathological features. The rapid aneurysmal expansion, confirmed by imaging and correlating with the rapid onset of symptoms, gives an impressive demonstration of the anatomic changes that can occur in an aneurysm associated with an arteriovenous malformation.
IONIZATION POTENTIALS OF ALKYL AND HALOGENATED ALKYL FREE RADICALS

The n-propyl radical and the n-, iso-, sec-, and tert-butyl radicals have been prepared by the thermal decomposition of suitable compounds. The radicals are produced in a reactor which leads to the ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer. The ionization potentials of these radicals have been measured directly by electron impact, and are in good agreement with values calculated by a simplified group orbital method. The ionization potentials of partially halogenated methyl radicals have also been measured in the same way. The changes in the ionization potential brought about by successive substitutions of hydrogen by halogen atoms show unexpected features.
Landscape Scale and Microhabitat of the Endangered New Mexico Meadow Jumping Mouse in the White Mountains, Arizona

Abstract The New Mexico meadow jumping mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus was listed as endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 2014, with critical habitat designated in 2016. Despite these recent conservation actions, there is a paucity of published information regarding its habitat associations. The taxon is a riparian obligate that occurs along both low-elevation rivers and high-elevation headwater streams in several disjunct areas of the American Southwest. Habitat information from one region might not apply to others. The distribution and habitat preferences of the New Mexico meadow jumping mouse in the White Mountains in eastern Arizona are poorly known. Objectives of this study were to 1) identify and resurvey historical locations in the White Mountains, 2) survey for new populations in areas with potentially suitable habitat in the White Mountains, and 3) use quantitative data to evaluate habitat associations at the landscape and microhabitat scales and to compare habitat at sites where I ca...
The Dark Pastoral: A Trope for the Anthropocene

This chapter addresses the challenges of portraying radically altered ecological systems as a human story in an era of global anthropogenic impact, exploring how to combine traditional literary tropes like the pastoral with more recent forms such as climate fiction. The dark pastoral trope builds on the pastoral’s long and rich, albeit problematic, literary tradition featuring human beings in highly aestheticized landscapes and re-contextualizes it within the Anthropocene’s dark drama of floods, earthquakes, storms, nuclear explosions, and climate change. Texts such as Goethe’s Werther, Kleist’s Earthquake in Chili, Storm’s The Dykemaster, Pausewang’s The Cloud, and Trojanow’s The Lamentations of Zeno posit various pastoral moments only to rupture and re-shape them with disasters that nevertheless highlight the human enmeshment with the non-human.
Suggestions for International Students in the US

For international students transitioning into the US academic and social culture, as well as for those aspiring to make USA their higher education destination, Paras’ book is a savvy guide and companion. The book provides a detailed guidance in an illustrative manner for aspiring international students on critical steps from the beginning of the admission process to documentation, travel, and transition. The way Paras has chronicled a lived experience of a successful student himself, is commendable.
Navigating the Marshes Through the Thick Fog of Reasonable Expectations of Privacy & Jurisprudence: Social Media Records Discovery in Louisiana

The rapid development of social media technology has been both a burden and a gold mine for litigants and judges across the country. Whether attorneys are barred from utilizing impeaching photographs or judges fail to understand the basic concepts of a tweet, the parameters of privacy within the Fourth Amendment in pretrial litigation have been misconstrued and misunderstood. Although most courts generally allow for social media records to be discoverable, the results vary. This occurs because the differences between private and public communications are difficult to identify. Each new feature social media websites release add new challenges to the boundaries of private, public, and quasi-public realms of online privacy. Meanwhile, the liberal thrust of social norms and societal perceptions regarding the different realms of privacy has changed and will continue to change the scope of discovery in Louisiana and across the country. This note attempts to navigate through the thick fog of reasonable expectations of privacy and jurisprudence to reign in the parameters of social media records discovery in Louisiana. This note begins by analyzing the test for privacy set out in Katz v. United States in the context of social media discovery and its subsequent application in Louisiana. This note also demonstrates how the judicial system and society’s interpretation of reasonable expectations of privacy have evolved alongside technological developments, which in turn have rendered broad legislative acts obsolete and pushed courts to encourage more transparency. Finally, this note attempts to formulate the test for social media discovery requests in Louisiana while offering a solution to discovery disputes.
Pathogenesis and Pathology of Ischemic Heart Disease Syndromes

The terms “arteriosclerosis” and “athero sclerosis”are often confused in descriptions of experimental and clinical arterial lesions. Arteriosclerosis is a general term implying arterial hardening without respect to a specific etiology, examples being atherosclerosis, Monckeberg’s medial calcification, and arteriolosclerosis (small vessel disease) [1]. Atherosclerosis refers to a specific disease process characterized by the development of yellow, lipid-laden plaques. There are three pathological stages in such plaque development: 1. The fatty streak, which is a yellow, generally flat patch on the intima made up of accumulated lipid-containing smooth muscle cells. Commonly found in young individuals fatty streaks probably have no pathological significance in many cases. 2. The fibrous plaque, which is an intimai deposit of lipid-laden smooth muscle cells surrounded by collagen, elastic fibers, and extracellular lipid. Fibrous plaques may or may not arise from fatty streaks and can exist without causing significant obstruction of the vascular lumen. 3. The complex plaque, which is a fibrous plaque that has progressed to include calcification, hemorrhage, cell necrosis, an inflammatory reaction, and extension to the arterial media. Adventitial fibrosis and inflammation may be present.
Glasgow Blatchford Score of limited benefit for low-risk urban patients: a mixed methods study.

Background and study aims Most patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) are hospitalized. Risk-stratifying UGIB with scoring tools may decrease avoidable admissions, thereby reducing the cost of care. We sought to describe how frequently low-risk UGIB patients present to urban emergency departments (ED) and the proportion who are admitted to examine how incorporating risk scores into decision support might diminish healthcare utilization in this population. Patients and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of ED patients presenting from 2009 – 2013 to three urban hospitals that do not use electronic UGIB decision support. We used ED disposition diagnosis codes (ICD-9) to identify patients followed by manual chart review for verification and additional data collection. Patients with a Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS) of 0 were classified as low risk. We also surveyed ED physicians at these hospitals to assess their beliefs about UGIB decision support. Results Over the study period, 66 patients (13.2 per year) presented to the ED with low-risk UGIB. Of these, 10 patients (15.2 %) were admitted and none required endoscopic hemostasis. Most survey respondents (55.6 %, n = 20) were aware of UGIB risk scores but a minority (19.4 %, n = 7) used one. Conclusions Low-risk UGIB patients infrequently present to the ED and only a minority are admitted. Despite advocacy to incorporate decision support into routine clinical care, ED physicians independently identified low risk patients. There is insufficient evidence to suggest the magnitude of this problem is large enough to warrant implementation of decision support for low risk UGIB.
Comparison of Outcomes in Below-Knee Amputation between Vascular and General Surgeons.

Background There is evidence to suggest outcomes may be related to surgeon experience or skill level. Lower extremity amputations are performed by both general surgeons (GSs) and vascular surgeons (VSs); however, the effect of specialty on postoperative outcome in below-knee amputation is not known. This retrospective study compares outcomes in below-knee amputations (BKA) between VS and GS. Methods Patients who underwent below-knee amputations between 2005 and 2014 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database. Data collected included patient demographics, comorbid conditions, and indication for procedures. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression models and linear regression models were employed to evaluate the associations between various outcomes and indications for surgery, emergency and teaching status, and surgical specialty. Results Amputations performed by GSs experienced an increased risk of developing pneumonia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–1.86), pulmonary embolism (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.10–4.01), and sepsis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05–1.59). When stratified by indications for BKA, similar outcomes were noted between GS and VS if indication for surgery was diabetes or peripheral vascular disease; however, there was increased risk of pneumonia (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.26–2.74), sepsis (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.39–2.75), and death (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04–2.07, P = 0.027) when GS performed BKA for infectious indications. Overall complications were higher when GS performed BKA emergently (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01–1.36). Conclusion There are less postoperative complications when VSs performed BKA for infectious indications, during emergencies, and at nonteaching hospitals. Clinicians should consider vascular consultation for these specific scenarios.
Controls of nucleolar function in cancer cells.

The protein synthesizing machinery of the cell in which the ribosomes play a key role is of great importance to its rate of growth (1). The availability of ribosomes is dependent upon the activity of the nucleolus (Fig 1), which is the sole site of synthesis of preribosomal RNA and of assembly of preribosomal particles. The high rate of protein synthesis is one reason why the attention of oncologists has been directed to analysis of nucleolar structure and function (2).
A Model for Design of a Blood Pressure Controller for Hypertensive Patients

Abstract Various closed loop control systems have been used to automate the infusion of the drug sodium nitroprusside for treatment of elevated blood pressure frequently observed in the early hours following open heart surgery. Clinical experience indicates a need for an improved controller which adapts to each patient and his changing condition. For system design, analysis, and evaluation, a model of the essential aspects of the arterial blood pressure and its response to nitroprusside is necessary. The model was structured using patient measurement data together with a priori knowledge of physiological concepts and the pharmacological action of the drug. The arterial pressure is considered the sum of nonstationary stochastic background activity and a change due to the nitroprusside (characterized by a transfer function). The model was applied to the simulation of a clinically used controller and has provided insight into responses observed in the treatment of over 700 patients. The model is presently being used for computer-aided design and evaluation of an adaptive controller. Simulations of a preliminary adaptive transient controller and regulator demonstrated improved performance over the clinically used controller.
Structural Reliability Analysis of PIPE Subjected to Reeling

Reeling is a process used to install offshore lines that produce large cyclic plastic deformation on the pipes. In this work the method to perform a structural reliability analysis (SRA) for a tube subject to reeling is considered in detail.
The Belle of the Belfast City: Family and Photography

This chapter explores the use of family photography as both a catalyst for memory and a representation of static values that are not to be questioned. The family photograph album is a key element in the play that reflects the way in which the family and each of its members are perceived and their identity constructed. The reviews include the initial production of the play at the Lyric Theatre in Belfast and its subsequent production at the Contact Theater in Manchester.
P2PLoc: Peer-to-Peer Localization of Fast-Moving Entities

P2PLoc envisions wearable Internet of Things devices that compute the relative positions of each user, resulting in a topology or configuration of mobile users that can be tracked in real time for group-motion applications.
Future energy scenarios with distributed technology options for residential city blocks in three climate regions of the United States

Abstract To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the electricity sector is going through two main transitions. First, the electric grid is integrating variable renewable generation, such as wind and solar. Second, demands are changing as heating systems are shifting from gas-based to high efficiency electric heat pumps. This paper provides a comparative analysis of future energy scenarios with distributed technology options including (1) wind and solar generation; (2) heat pumps for heating and cooling; and (3) battery and thermal storage in representative residential blocks in four cities, including New York City, New York; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Tallahassee, Florida; and Fort Collins, Colorado. These cities are located in three climate regions with different weather patterns which result in different demand profiles and different local renewable resources. Future energy demand scenarios with 100% penetration of air source or ground source heat pumps for heating and cooling are estimated for the four residential city blocks. Under a future scenario with all electric demand with air source heat pumps and high renewable energy penetration, this study finds that (1) the optimal wind and solar generation mix varies with location and amount of storage and (2) battery storage is more cost effective than thermal storage, ground source heat pumps, and overbuilt renewable generation.