cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Smooth Brome (Bromus inermis Leyss) and Soil Chemical Response to Concrete Grinding Residue Application

Concrete grinding residue (CGR) is a by-product created by concrete pavement maintenance operations. The application of CGR to roadside soils is not consistently regulated by state agencies across the USA, which is partially due to the lack of science-based information on its impacts to soils and plants. The objectives of this research were to determine the impact of CGR additions to soil on both smooth brome (Bromus inermis L.) biomass and plant and soil chemical parameters. In a greenhouse study, two soils were treated with two CGR by-products at 8% and 25% by weight. Shoot biomass was significantly influenced by the main effects (Soil, CGR, and Rate) and by all two-way interactions, but not consistently positively or negatively correlated. Trace metal concentrations in the shoot biomass were variable, but 68% of these metals had the same concentration or lower in the 25% CGR treatments compared with the controls. Soil pH and electrical conductivity were significantly influenced by the main effects and two-way interactions of Soil × Rate and CGR × Rate, and soil pH was significantly greater in the CGR-treated soils. Calcium, Na, Mg, Al, and S concentrations in soils were all influenced by additions of CGR, but trace metal levels in the treatments were all within the range for uncontaminated soils. Ecosystem impact of applying CGR will be dependent upon the quality of CGR and soil characteristics. Controlling the liming potential of CGR should be considered a best management practice.
Thresholds for iterative equalization of partial response channels using density evolution

A unified framework is presented to calculate the thresholds of different outer codes, including serial turbo, low density parity check codes, single-parity check turbo product codes, on partial response channels using density evolution with Gaussian approximation.
Glimepiride-Induced Hypoglycemia With Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, and Acute Kidney Injury

A 79-year-old white male presented to the emergency room with altered mental status and a blood glucose of 28 mg/dL. He was taking glimepiride 1 mg by mouth daily prior to admission and had recently been prescribed ciprofloxacin and metronidazole for diverticulitis. The patient was also found to have acute-on-chronic renal failure upon presentation. Escalated dextrose infusion with repeated doses of D50W and glucagon failed to sustain his blood glucose, which remained in the range of 30 to 50 mg/dL. Salvage treatment with intravenous octreotide was implemented successfully; only one dose of D50W was required after octreotide initiation and blood glucose normalized within several hours. In the presence of this patient’s complex medication therapy, we explore the contributing causes of hypoglycemia. Fluoroquinolones are widely associated with dysglycemias, particularly in diabetic patients receiving hypoglycemic agents. Similarly, renal insufficiency has been implicated to precipitate hypoglycemia with sulf...
Common errors in computer electrocardiogram interpretation.

Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and nature of errors in computer electrocardiogram (ECG) reading. Methods The ECGs were collected in the tertiary care VA Hospital from both inpatients and outpatients. They were read by the electrocardiograph built-in computer software, and then reread by two cardiologists. Statistical analysis was performed using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicted value to analyze the data. An error index was formulated as indicator of diagnostic accuracy. Results Out of 2072 ECGs, 776 (37.5%) were normal, and 1296 (62.5%) were abnormal. In 9.9% of all ECGs and in 15.9% of abnormal ECGs there were significant disagreements between the computer and cardiologists. The errors in diagnosis of arrhythmia, conduction disorders and electronic pacemakers accounted for 178 cases, or 86.4% of all errors. The rest was represented by misdetection of chamber enlargement (7 cases, 3.4%), misdiagnosis of ischemia and acute myocardial infarction (16 cases, 7.8%), and lead misplacement (5 cases, 2.4%). Conclusions The most frequent errors in computer ECG interpretation are related to arrhythmias, conduction disorders, and electronic pacemakers. Computer ECG diagnosis of life threatening conditions e.g. acute myocardial infarction or high degree AV blocks are frequently not accurate (40.7% and 75.0% errors, respectively). Improvement in the diagnostic algorithms should focus on these areas. Error index is a convenient and informative tool for evaluation of diagnostic accuracy.
Decreased vascular lesion formation in mice with inducible endothelial-specific expression of protein kinase Akt

To determine whether endothelial Akt could affect vascular lesion formation, mutant mice with a constitutively active Akt transgene, which could be inducibly targeted to the vascular endothelium using the tet-off system (EC-Akt Tg mice), were generated. After withdrawal of doxycycline, EC-Akt Tg mice demonstrated increased endothelial-specific Akt activity and NO production. After blood flow cessation caused by carotid artery ligation, neointimal formation was attenuated in induced EC-Akt Tg mice compared with noninduced EC-Akt Tg mice and control littermates. To determine the role of eNOS in mediating these effects, mice were treated with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Neointimal formation was attenuated to a lesser extent in induced EC-Akt Tg mice treated with L-NAME, suggesting that some of the vascular protective effects were NO independent. Indeed, endothelial activation of Akt resulted in less EC apoptosis in ligated arteries. Immunostaining demonstrated decreased inflammatory and proliferative changes in induced EC-Akt Tg mice after vascular injury. These findings indicate that endothelial activation of Akt suppresses lesion formation via increased NO production, preservation of functional endothelial layer, and suppression of inflammatory and proliferative changes in the vascular wall. These results suggest that enhancing endothelial Akt activity alone could have therapeutic benefits after vascular injury.
Territory, River, and Maritime Claims in the Western Hemisphere: Regime Type, Rivalry, and MIDs from 1901 to 2000

Issues remain at the core of armed conflict. Territory, in particular, appears to increase substantially the probability of inter-state violence and is concluded by many to be one of the most critical correlates of war onset. While scholars have called for an issue-based approach to the study of international relations for some time, recent data collection efforts allow the emergence and management of contentious issues over time to be studied more directly. Our argument and evidence suggest that territory is not necessarily contentious by itself, but is contentious in dyadic contexts characterized by rivalry. Using data from the Issue Correlates of War project, which codes specific government assertions of ownership to territory, river, and maritime locations, we find strategic rivalry, coupled with territorial claims, produces some of the most conflict-prone dyads. Further, jointly democratic domestic institutions do not appear to reduce the hazard of violent conflict over territorial issues within the context of rivalry, although they substantially reduce the hazard of violent conflict among states outside the context of rivalry.
Optical Characterization of Bending Efficiency in On-Chip Hollow-Core Bragg Waveguides at $\lambda =\ $ 1.5 $\ \mu$ m

We present an experimental demonstration of high bending efficiency in on-chip hollow core of Bragg waveguides. Laser light in the wavelength range 1260-1630 nm is coupled into the hollow core of Bragg waveguides made of alternating silicon and silicon dioxide layers, and the transmission intensity of straight waveguides and waveguides with two bends are compared. Guiding by both types of waveguides is observed over a wide range of (nm).
Probabilistic reasoning for assembly-based 3D modeling

Assembly-based modeling is a promising approach to broadening the accessibility of 3D modeling. In assembly-based modeling, new models are assembled from shape components extracted from a database. A key challenge in assembly-based modeling is the identification of relevant components to be presented to the user. In this paper, we introduce a probabilistic reasoning approach to this problem. Given a repository of shapes, our approach learns a probabilistic graphical model that encodes semantic and geometric relationships among shape components. The probabilistic model is used to present components that are semantically and stylistically compatible with the 3D model that is being assembled. Our experiments indicate that the probabilistic model increases the relevance of presented components.
To Biopsy or Not to Biopsy in suspected Herpes Simplex Encephalitis A Quantitatiue Analysis

The authors performed a decision analysis to determine whether a patient suspected to have herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) should undergo a brain biopsy or be treated empirically with medical therapy. In most cases, empiric treatment with acyclovir would be slightly favored; brain biopsy was not essential in management. However, brain biopsy was found useful for patients who had low CSF glucose at the time of initial lumbar puncture; such patients may have a very high risk to have other treatable conditions such as tuberculosis, brain abscess, toxoplasmosis, or cryptococcosis. The results of the analysis suggest that even with the advent of safe antiviral drug therapy such as acyclovir, brain biopsy is useful in a well-defined subset of patients with possible HSE. The rationale, however, is not to confirm HSE but rather to detect other treatable conditions.
Goethe, Rolli, and "Solitario Bosco Ombroso"

Dorris elaborates on a passage from Goethe's autobiograph "Dichtung und Wahrheit," in which Goethe mentions an italian song he learned by heart as a child. It is "Solitario Bosco Ombroso," written by Paolo Antonio Rolli (1687-1765). He points out the significance of the song and of the Rutgers' copy of Rolli's book "Di Canzonette e di Cantate, libri due" of 1727 which contains it.
Galaxy Clusters in the IRAC Dark Field. II. Mid-Infrared Sources

We present infrared (IR) luminosities, star formation rates (SFR), colors, morphologies, locations, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) properties of 24 μm detected sources in photometrically detected high-redshift clusters in order to understand the impact of environment on star formation (SF) and AGN evolution in cluster galaxies. We use three newly identified z = 1 clusters selected from the IRAC dark field; the deepest ever mid-IR survey with accompanying, 14 band multiwavelength data including deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging and deep wide-area Spitzer MIPS 24 μm imaging. We find 90 cluster members with MIPS detections within two virial radii of the cluster centers, of which 17 appear to have spectral energy distributions dominated by AGNs and the rest dominated by SF. We find that 43% of the star-forming sample have IR luminosities L_(IR) > 10^(11) L_☉(luminous IR galaxies). The majority of sources (81%) are spirals or irregulars. A large fraction (at least 25%) show obvious signs of interactions. The MIPS-detected member galaxies have varied spatial distributions as compared to the MIPS-undetected members with one of the three clusters showing SF galaxies being preferentially located on the cluster outskirts, while the other two clusters show no such trend. Both the AGN fraction and the summed SFR of cluster galaxies increase from redshift zero to one, at a rate that is a few times faster in clusters than over the same redshift range in the field. Cluster environment does have an effect on the evolution of both AGN fraction and SFR from redshift one to the present, but does not affect the IR luminosities or morphologies of the MIPS sample. SF happens in the same way regardless of environment making MIPS sources look the same in the cluster and field, however the cluster environment does encourage a more rapid evolution with time as compared to the field.
Using network simulation in classroom education

The use of network simulation tools has become ubiquitous in nearly all areas of computer network design and research. However, simulations have been less prevalent in undergraduate and graduate level networking fundamentals classes. We believe that high-quality network simulation tools can be used to enhance the overall learning experience by students in these classes. We discuss the use of network simulations on our graduate-level ECE6110, "CAD for Computer Networks" class. The class has a two-pronged focus, first in simply learning the capabilities and use of one or more network simulation tools, and secondly to use those tools to demonstrate network behavior of a number of different network topologies and under a variety of conditions, both wired networks and wireless networks. We present a brief overview of the capabilities of the "ns-3" network simulator, followed by a detailed discussion of the simulation assignments and the learning objectives that are met by students running the simulations and analyzing the results.
Synthesis and biological activities of aryl-ether-, biaryl-, and fluorene-aspartic acid and diaminopropionic acid analogs as potent inhibitors of the high-affinity glutamate transporter EAAT-2

Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) play a pivotal role in maintaining glutamate homeostasis in the mammalian central nervous system, with the EAAT-2 subtype thought to be responsible for the bulk of the glutamate uptake in forebrain regions. A complete elucidation of the functional role of EAAT-2 has been hampered by the lack of potent and selective pharmacological tools. In this study, we describe the synthesis and biological activities of novel aryl-ether, biaryl-, and fluorene-aspartic acid and diaminopropionic acid analogs as potent inhibitors of EAAT-2. Compound (16) represents one of the most potent (IC50=85+/-5 nM) and selective inhibitors of EAAT-2 identified to date.
STUDIES ON VITAL STAINING : III. THE SIMULTANEOUS INGESTION OF TWO DYESTUFFS BY PHAGOCYTES. THE QUESTION OF "BLOCKADE OF THE RETICULO-ENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM".

When large amounts of brilliant vital red are injected into the blood stream of dogs, the dye is gradually removed from circulation, and most of it is deposited in numerous phagocytic cells which are scattered throughout various organs and tissues. The dye occurs largely in the form of tiny red granules crowded together in the cytoplasm of these cells. If Niagara sky blue, a closely related dyestuff, is injected, it too is taken up and stored in these same cells. It is shown that the presence of red dye in the tissues does not inhibit the cells from taking up the blue one. The normal ability of the phagocytes to take up Niagara sky blue is observed also when this dye is injected simultaneously with brilliant vital red. This normal response toward the blue dye is seen even though the phagocytes are busied at the same time in the process of engulfing and storing the red dye. These experiments show that it is difficult if not impossible to "block" the cells with one dye so that their ability to take up another is even slightly impaired. The two dyes employed in these studies are shown to be particularly suitable for experiments of the sort here reported.
Organizational Design that Really Works

Organization design is more than “reorg,” more than just taking the deck and reshuffling it. Done correctly, the process of organizational change can be designed and managed as beautifully as a new toaster or a customer loyalty campaign. For readers new to the idea of organization design, here's a primer on what it is and how to use it most effectively.
The etiology of separate neural arch.

1. All well documented embryological and foetal studies within recent years have failed to demonstrate a defect suggesting separation of the neural arch. There is therefore no proof that the lesion is congenital. 2. Attempts to produce separation of the neural arch by manipulation of stillborn infants have failed; thus birth injury is not believed to be a significant cause. Paucity of the lesion in young children supports this contention. 3. Examination of a large series of skeletons has shown that the incidence of the defect does not increase during the age period from about twenty to eighty years. 4. Roentgenograms of a series of children have revealed an incidence of defects mid-way between the frequency in the adult and the total absence at birth. This is a suggestive but not a conclusive finding, because the number of subjects was too small to yield statistically significant results.
First results of a simultaneous measurement of tritium and 14C in an ultra-low-background proportional counter for environmental sources of methane

Simultaneous measurement of tritium and (14)C would provide an added tool for tracing organic compounds through environmental systems and is possible via beta energy spectroscopy of sample-derived methane in internal-source gas proportional counters. Since the mid-1960's atmospheric tritium and (14)C have fallen dramatically as the isotopic injections from aboveground nuclear testing have been diluted into the ocean and biosphere. In this work, the feasibility of simultaneous tritium and (14)C measurements via proportional counters is revisited in light of significant changes in both the atmospheric and biosphere isotopics and the development of new ultra-low-background gas proportional counting capabilities for small samples (roughly 50 cc methane). A Geant4 Monte Carlo model of a Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) proportional counter response to tritium and (14)C is used to analyze small samples of two different methane sources to illustrate the range of applicability of contemporary simultaneous measurements and their limitations. Because the two methane sources examined were not sample size limited, we could compare the small-sample measurements performed at PNNL with analysis of larger samples performed at a commercial laboratory. These first results show that the dual-isotope simultaneous measurement is well matched for methane samples that are atmospheric or have an elevated source of tritium (i.e. landfill gas). However, for samples with low/modern tritium isotopics (rainwater), commercial separation and counting is a better fit.
Thermal Conductivity of High-Modulus Polymer Fibers

Polymers have many desirable properties for engineering systems–e.g., low mass density, chemical stability, and high strength-to-mass ratio–but applications of polymers in situations where heat transfer is critical are often limited by low thermal conductivity. Here, we leverage the enormous research and development efforts that have been invested in the production of high-modulus polymer fibers to advance understanding of the mechanisms for thermal transport in this class of materials. Time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) enables direct measurements of the axial thermal conductivity of a single polymer fiber over a wide temperature range, 80 < T < 600 K. Relaxation of thermoelastic stress in the Al film transducer has to be taken into account in the analysis of the TDTR data when the laser spot size is small because the radial modulus of the fiber is small. This stress relaxation is controlled by the velocity of the zero-order symmetric Lamb mode of a thin Al plate. We find similarly high thermal conduct...
QUANTITATIVE GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE REGULATION IN MUS MUSCULUS. II. DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL TRAITS.

Because the adaptation of animals to the physical environment typically involves simultaneous modification of several characters, studies of complexes of traits should yield more information about the nature of evolutionary change than separate analyses of single traits. Temperature regulation in small mammals is a convenient model system for such investigations because it is accomplished with a well defined set of traits that allow adaptation to a specific environmental variable. Mechanisms exploited by homeotherms for cold weather survival have been described, and several reviews are available (Hart, 1957, 1971; Irving, 1964). In rodents these mechanisms include morphological, behavioral, and physiological characters influenced by variation at multiple loci and suitable for quantitative genetic analysis. In the application of quantitative genetic methods to evolutionary questions, we assume that description of the genetic influences on traits in randomly mating populations near genetic equilibria reflect their importance to the fitness of individuals. Traits that have been closely and consistently associated with fitness will have been subjected to natural selection in the past and, as a result, are expected to exhibit low heritabilities (Lemer, 1954; Fisher, 1958; Falconer, 1981). Potential exceptions to this rule are traits selected for intermediate optima. Remaining genetic variance in characters closely associated with fitness will be largely non-
Prediction of susceptibility to substance dependency.

-Independent multiple regression equations for predicting susceptibility to either alcohol or opiates were double cross-validated. Criterion correlations were also significant when applied in field use with independent samples having established histories. Either equation, however, predicted either substance equally well, and the scores loaded on the same factor. A combined generalized equation proved valid for both substances.
Re-reviewing the writing requirements of in vitro diagnosis standard and packaging insert

The part III of Chinese Pharmacopeia 2010 edition has been implemented from Oct 1,2010.The 8 in vitro diagnosis(IVD) pieces managed as drug are included in it.In Chinese Pharmacopeia 2010 edition,the specification and standardization of products are promoted from different scopes or depth.For smoothly running Chinese Pharmacopeia 2010 edition,the writing requirements of IVD standard and packaging insert are emphasized again.This paper is expected to help the sponsors or manufacturers of IVD on registration application.
Real-time optimization of an industrial steam-methane reformer under distributed sensing

Abstract Industrial hydrogen production takes place in large-scale steam methane reformer (SMR) units, whose energy efficiency depends on the interior spatial temperature distribution. In this paper, a control-relevant empirical reduced-order SMR model is presented that predicts the furnace temperature distribution based on fuel input to a group of burners. The model is calibrated using distributed temperature measurements from an array of infrared cameras. The model is employed to optimize in real-time the temperature distribution and increase the energy efficiency in an industrial furnace. Experimental results confirm that the proposed framework has excellent performance.
A study on delaminated cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure

In the maritime field composite materials offer several advantages over conventional metallic substances, especially for the construction of deep diving vessels. Such vessels, however, may suffer reduced buckling strength whenever structural defects such as delamination exist. An experimental study has been carried out to explore the delamination buckling in composite cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure. The experiments consist of a series of tests on chopped strand glass fiber cylinders
Cell-laden hydrogels for osteochondral and cartilage tissue engineering

Abstract Despite tremendous advances in the field of regenerative medicine, it still remains challenging to repair the osteochondral interface and full-thickness articular cartilage defects. This inefficiency largely originates from the lack of appropriate tissue-engineered artificial matrices that can replace the damaged regions and promote tissue regeneration. Hydrogels are emerging as a promising class of biomaterials for both soft and hard tissue regeneration. Many critical properties of hydrogels, such as mechanical stiffness, elasticity, water content, bioactivity, and degradation, can be rationally designed and conveniently tuned by proper selection of the material and chemistry. Particularly, advances in the development of cell-laden hydrogels have opened up new possibilities for cell therapy. In this article, we describe the problems encountered in this field and review recent progress in designing cell-hydrogel hybrid constructs for promoting the reestablishment of osteochondral/cartilage tissues. Our focus centers on the effects of hydrogel type, cell type, and growth factor delivery on achieving efficient chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. We give our perspective on developing next-generation matrices with improved physical and biological properties for osteochondral/cartilage tissue engineering. We also highlight recent advances in biomanufacturing technologies ( e.g . molding, bioprinting, and assembly) for fabrication of hydrogel-based osteochondral and cartilage constructs with complex compositions and microarchitectures to mimic their native counterparts. Statement of significance Despite tremendous advances in the field of regenerative medicine, it still remains challenging to repair the osteochondral interface and full-thickness articular cartilage defects. This inefficiency largely originates from the lack of appropriate tissue-engineered biomaterials that replace the damaged regions and promote tissue regeneration. Cell-laden hydrogel systems have emerged as a promising tissue-engineering platform to address this issue. In this article, we describe the fundamental problems encountered in this field and review recent progress in designing cell-hydrogel constructs for promoting the reestablishment of osteochondral/cartilage tissues. Our focus centers on the effects of hydrogel composition, cell type, and growth factor delivery on achieving efficient chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. We give our perspective on developing next-generation hydrogel/inorganic particle/stem cell hybrid composites with improved physical and biological properties for osteochondral/cartilage tissue engineering. We also highlight recent advances in biomanufacturing and bioengineering technologies ( e.g. 3D bioprinting) for fabrication of hydrogel-based osteochondral and cartilage constructs.
Hybridizing and Relaxing Dependence Tracking for Efficient Parallel Runtime Support

It is notoriously challenging to develop parallel software systems that are both scalable and correct. Runtime support for parallelism—such as multithreaded record and replay, data race detectors, transactional memory, and enforcement of stronger memory models—helps achieve these goals, but existing commodity solutions slow programs substantially to track (i.e., detect or control) an execution’s cross-thread dependencies accurately. Prior work tracks cross-thread dependencies either “pessimistically,” slowing every program access, or “optimistically,” allowing for lightweight instrumentation of most accesses but dramatically slowing accesses that are conflicting (i.e., involved in cross-thread dependencies).This article presents two novel approaches that seek to improve the performance of dependence tracking. Hybrid tracking (HT) hybridizes pessimistic and optimistic tracking by overcoming a fundamental mismatch between these two kinds of tracking. HT uses an adaptive, profile-based policy to make runtime decisions about switching between pessimistic and optimistic tracking. Relaxed tracking (RT) attempts to reduce optimistic tracking’s overhead on conflicting accesses by tracking dependencies in a “relaxed” way—meaning that not all dependencies are tracked accurately—while still preserving both program semantics and runtime support’s correctness. To demonstrate the usefulness and potential of HT and RT, we build runtime support based on the two approaches. Our evaluation shows that both approaches offer performance advantages over existing approaches, but there exist challenges and opportunities for further improvement.HT and RT are distinct solutions to the same problem. It is easier to build runtime support based on HT than on RT, although RT does not incur the overhead of online profiling. This article presents the two approaches together to inform and inspire future designs for efficient parallel runtime support.
Imagery Rehearsal Therapy for PTSD-Related Nightmares

Veterans with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience high rates of chronic nightmares that contribute to emotional distress and sleep disturbance. This chapter presents Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT), which has emerged as the leading non-pharmacologic treatment for nightmares, with a particular focus on its application to combat-related PTSD. The history and growth of IRT over the past 25 years is discussed. Hypothesized mechanisms of IRT are presented as they relate to the assumption that chronic nightmares are a learned behavior symptomatic of a malfunctioning imagery system. Elements of IRT are described, including treatment components (dream rescripting, imagery practice, homework, and self-monitoring), indications/contraindications for treatment, and treatment obstacles (avoidance, adherence, adverse effects). Additionally, treatment modifications consisting of IRT protocol variants, the application of IRT to special populations, and issues related to treatment duration, delivery, and format are discussed. The empirical support for IRT is reviewed, followed by indications for future research. Despite limited research examining the efficacy of IRT in veterans with combat-related PTSD, IRT has demonstrated good success across multiple settings and diverse populations. It is an inexpensive, flexible, short-term intervention that holds promise for ameliorating nightmares and related distress in combat veterans.
Early History of Psychiatric Epidemiology

The purpose of this chapter is to present, in resume form, the historical development of psychiatric epidemiology. We will summarize investigators’ achievements that have supplied information and have contributed to the improved conditions for the care of the mentally ill. We will attempt to do more than offer a chronological account of the development of psychiatric epidemiology. The methods and purposes of studies have changed over time, not just as an evolution in science, but also in consonance with shifting attitudes toward mental illness, the accumulation of social facts, and varying ways of looking at the relationships between the social environment and the health of a society and its members. In this century, the shift in interest from “hereditary tainting” to current concerns about ecology and mental illness reflects the changes from Neo-Darwinian concepts of evolution and adaptation to general systems theories of man and the environment. Therefore, we will relate the description of investigators’ efforts to the sociology of knowledge of the time.
Computer-Based Office Communication: Exodus from the Industrial Age

Measuring the impacts of the new technologies creates several problems for the public opinion or marketing researcher. 1. There are exceedingly few people who are knowledgeable about the new technologies, and who have experience in their use and application. For the vast majority of people, the only proper response to questions about new applications is “no opinion” or “don’t know”. We might as well have asked people at the turn of the century, after their first ride in a “horseless carriage”, to give opinions about how autobahns should be constructed, and what the socio-economic consequences of a national highway system would be. 2. The technology is advancing rapidly. The current applications of the technology are undoubtedly interim devices. New devices and applications may become available before the current research is completed. Unfortunately, we cannot always accurately forecast what future applications will be. For example, over a century ago when the invention of the internal combustion engine was reported in Scientific American, the report suggested that its primary application would be to provide the power for textile machinery. 3. Technology, unlike science, does not enjoy free communication of the state of the art. We do not have full knowledge of what is being developed, what is being discovered through experimentation and through test marketing. The products of applications we are testing today may become obsolete after an announcement in tomorrow’s newspaper.
Incidental Findings in Radiographic Imaging for Inpatients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Abstract Background Incidental findings on radiographic diagnostic imaging are a growing concern in the medical field. Little is known about the incidence and spectrum of incidental findings uncovered during stroke evaluations. Methods and Results A random sample of 200 acute ischemic stroke admissions at an academic medical center was reviewed to better understand the incidence and spectrum of incidental findings on radiographic imaging studies obtained for a stroke evaluation. Among 200 stroke patients, 53 (26.5%) were found to have one or more incidental findings on radiographic imaging. Over 651 imaging studies, 69 incidental findings were uncovered, or 11 incidental findings per 100 imaging studies. Incidental findings were most commonly discovered within computerized tomography angiograms of the head and neck (n = 41 from of 176 studies). The most commonly identified incidental findings included thyroid nodules (n = 12), sinus disease (n = 11), pulmonary nodules (n = 10), and intracranial/cervical artery aneurysms (n = 5). Conclusions Incidental findings are commonly found in patients undergoing an evaluation for acute ischemic stroke, some of which may be clinically relevant. Vascular neurologists and other clinicians caring for stroke patients may benefit from guidance on the management of expected incidental findings.
Human–Robot Collaborative Site Inspection Under Resource Constraints

This paper is on human–robot collaborative site inspection and target classification. We consider the realistic case that human visual performance is imperfect (depending on the sensory input quality), and that the robot has constraints in communication with human (e.g., limited chances for query, poor channel quality). The robot has limited onboard motion and communication energy and operates in realistic channel environments experiencing path loss, shadowing, and multipath. We then show how to co-optimize motion, sensing, and human queries. Given a probabilistic assessment of human visual performance and a probabilistic channel prediction, we pose the co-optimization as multiple-choice multidimensional knapsack problems. We then propose a linear program-based efficient near-optimal solution, mathematically characterize the optimality gap, showing it to be very small, and mathematically characterize properties of the optimum solution. We then comprehensively validated the proposed approach with extensive real human data (from Amazon MTurk) and real channel data (from downtown San Francisco), confirming that the proposed approach significantly outperforms benchmark methodologies.
Examination of Cranial and Pelage Color Variation between Two Subspecies of Gray Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)

Whether cranial measurements or pelage color is most appropriate for identifying two subspecies of gray squirrel (Sciurus c. carolinensis and S. c. fuliginosus) has been a matter of debate. The objective of this research was to examine populations of gray squirrels in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi to determine which aspects of variation are more useful for identifying subspecies. Cranial variation was assessed using 14 cranial measurements of museum specimens. Pelage color was assessed from digital pictures of the dorsal pelage. We used multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to test for differences in cranial and pelage color variation. Cranial size was significantly different among populations of gray squirrels, with a north to south cline of larger to smaller individuals. However, we were not able to definitively assign populations in the zone of intergradation to a subspecies based on cranial morphology. Pelage color showed no discernable pattern of geographic variation among populations. Based on these results, we suggest that the differences observed among populations could be due to clinal variation and the legitimacy of S. carolinensis subspecies is tentative at best.
Monkey Memory: Rehearsal Emerges for Novel Images When Familiarity Cues Fade

Summary It was thought that, when monkeys use familiarity cues to aid recognition memory, they do not engage working memory. A new study shows that, when the value of those familiarity cues is attenuated, monkeys rehearse novel images like familiar ones, a striking parallel with human working memory.
Anesthetic Influences Outcomes of the Chronic Angiotensin II Infusion Model in Mice

The chronic angiotensin-II (AngII) infusion model is commonly used to study kidney and cardiovascular injury, however the methodologies used to generate the model varies significantly in the litera...
Is there a price telecommuters pay? Examining the relationship between telecommuting and objective career success

Abstract Telecommuting has long been noted for its ability to foster work-family balance and job satisfaction. However, for employees seeking to advance in their careers, it is commonly advised to exercise caution, since telecommuting is often viewed as signaling a lack of dedication to one's career. Despite the prevalence of such advice, almost no research has investigated if telecommuting actually impacts career success in objective terms. Integrating research on the flexibility stigma and signaling theory, we first compared the career success of telecommuters and non-telecommuters using a sample of 405 employees matched with corporate data on promotion and salary growth. Then, we examined the relationship between extent of telecommuting and career success as well as the moderating influence of contextual factors. Results indicated telecommuters and non-telecommuters did not differ in number of promotions, but telecommuters experienced lower salary growth. Additionally, extent of telecommuting was negatively related to promotions and salary growth, indicating it is not simply telecommuting per se that effects career success, but rather the extent of telecommuting. Moreover, work context played a highly influential role. A greater number of promotions were received by extensive telecommuters when they worked where telecommuting was highly normative, and when they engaged in higher supplemental work. Extensive telecommuters with higher supplemental work and higher face-to-face contact with their supervisor also received greater salary growth. Together, results challenge previous research that has tended to portray telecommuting as harmful to one's career success by providing a more informed understanding of how to harness its benefits.
Harmonia: A Continuous Service Monitoring Framework Using DevOps and Service Mesh in a Complementary Manner

Software teams today are required to deliver new or updated services frequently, rapidly and independently. Adopting DevOps and Microservices support the rapid service delivery model but leads to pushing code or service infrastructure changes across inter-dependent teams that are not collectively assessed, verified, or notified. In this paper, we propose Harmonia - a continuous service monitoring framework utilizing DevOps and Service Mesh in a complementary manner to improve coordination and change management among independent teams. Harmonia can automatically detect changes in services, including changes that violate performance SLAs and user experience, notify the changes to affected teams, and help them resolve the changes quickly. We applied Harmonia to a standard application in describing Microservice management to assist with an initial understanding and strengths of Harmonia. During the demonstration, we deployed faulty and normal services alternatively and captured changes from Jenkins, Github, Istio, and Kubernetes logs to form an application-centric cohesive view of the change and its impact and notify the affected teams.
Who Becomes a High Utilizer? A Case-Control Study of Older Adults in the USA

Author(s): Smith, Grant M; Cenzer, Irena Stijacic; Covinsky, Kenneth; Reuben, David B; Smith, Alexander K
A Receding Horizon Approach for Berth Allocation Based on Random Search Optimization

An approach to address the berth allocation problem is presented that is based on the receding horizon paradigm. In more detail, berthing decisions are computed by solving an optimization problem at each time step aimed at minimizing the waiting times of vessels, exploiting predictions on the ship arrivals and berth occupancy over a moving window starting from the current time instant. A discrete time dynamic model is devised to forecast the state of the terminal in the forward window, and a computationally-efficient approximate solution method based on random search is proposed. The considered framework can be used either for real time planning or scheduling in advance. Simulation results are reported to show the effectiveness of the method in different terminal configurations, forward horizons, and traffic intensities, in comparison with state-of-the-art approaches.
SINUS VENONUS ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT PRESENTING WITH EXERTIONAL SYNCOPE

Sinus Venosus ASD (SVSD) presents with dysphnea, exercise intolerance and atrial arrhythmias. We describe a case of large SVSD presenting with exertional syncope (ES). 26 year male presented with a witnessed syncopal episode while playing soccer. He had 2 other episodes of ES in recent past. ECG
Microbial awareness and risk perceptions are key to thermometer ownership and use

Abstract While government agencies recommend using a food thermometer to ensure the doneness of food, most consumers still rely on unsafe methods including visual cues or cooking time. To enhance the understanding of consumer characteristics affecting thermometer ownership and use, this study examined whether consumers' demographics, microbial awareness, and food safety perceptions and self-reported behaviors are associated with thermometer ownership and usage frequency for roasts, chicken parts, baked egg dishes, and hamburgers. Using the data collected from the 2016 FDA Food Safety Survey, 4169 responses from the U.S. population were analyzed using probit and ordered probit sample-selection models. Findings showed that 67% consumers owned a thermometer, but rarely used it when cooking hamburgers (66% never) or egg dishes (58% never). The findings also showed that consumers with more awareness of foodborne pathogens and better overall food safety practices were more likely to own a thermometer and use it frequently for cooking all types of food. Certain demographic factors, risk perceptions about raw and undercooked food, and risky food consumption were also associated with thermometer ownership and usage frequency. Suggestions to increase consumers’ thermometer ownership and use based on demographic categories and their awareness and motivation are discussed.
Magnetoencephalography for Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (Sz) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thought (such as delusions and confused thinking), perception (hearing voices), and behavior (lack of motivation). The lifetime prevalence of Sz is between 0.3% and 0.7%, with late adolescence and early adulthood, the peak period for the onset of psychotic symptoms. Causal factors in Sz include environmental and genetic factors and especially their interaction. About 50% of individuals with a diagnosis of Sz have lifelong impairment.
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a genetic form of generalized epilepsy presenting between ages 12 and 18 characterized by myoclonic seizures, generalized tonic–clonic seizures, and occasionally absence seizures in the setting of normal development and physical examination. Electroencephalography can be useful as an aid to the history and physical examination in diagnosis. The treatment consists of antiepileptic medications which are required for decades, possibly for life.
Particle Convolution for High Energy Physics.

We introduce the Particle Convolution Network (PCN), a new type of equivariant neural network layer suitable for many tasks in jet physics. The particle convolution layer can be viewed as an extension of Deep Sets and Energy Flow network architectures, in which the permutation-invariant operator is promoted to a group convolution. While the PCN can be implemented for various kinds of symmetries, we consider the specific case of rotation about the jet axis the $\eta - \phi$ plane. In two standard benchmark tasks, q/g tagging and top tagging, we show that the rotational PCN (rPCN) achieves performance comparable to graph networks such as ParticleNet. Moreover, we show that it is possible to implement an IRC-safe rPCN, which significantly outperforms existing IRC-safe tagging methods on both tasks. We speculate that by generalizing the PCN to include additional convolutional symmetries relevant to jet physics, it may outperform the current state-of-the-art set by graph networks, while offering a new degree of control over physically-motivated inductive biases.
Dam-dependent phase variation of Ag43 in Escherichia coli is altered in a seqA mutant

In Escherichia coli, phase variation of the outer membrane protein Ag43 encoded by the agn43 gene is mediated by DNA methylation and the global regulator OxyR. Transcription of agn43 occurs (ON phase) when three Dam target sequences in the agn43 regulatory region are methylated, which prevents the repressor OxyR from binding. Conversely, transcription is repressed (OFF) when these Dam target sequences are unmethylated and OxyR binds. A change in expression phase requires a concomitant change in the DNA methylation state of these Dam target sequences. To gain insight into the process of inheritance of the expression phase and the DNA methylation state, protein-DNA interactions at agn43 were examined. Binding of OxyR at agn43 was sufficient to protect the three GATC sequences contained within its binding site from Dam-dependent methylation in vitro, suggesting that no other factors are required to maintain the unmethylated state and OFF phase. To maintain the methylated state of the ON phase, however, Dam must access the hemimethylated agn43 region after DNA replication, and OxyR binding must not occur. OxyR bound hemimethylated agn43 DNA, but the affinity was severalfold lower than for unmethylated DNA. This presumably contributes to the maintenance of the methylated state but, at the same time, may allow for infrequent OxyR binding and a switch to the OFF phase. Hemimethylated agn43 DNA was also a binding substrate for the sequestration protein SeqA. Thus, SeqA, OxyR and Dam may compete for the same hemimethylated agn43 DNA that is formed after DNA replication in an ON phase cell. In isolates with a mutant seqA allele, agn43 phase variation rates were altered and resulted in a bias to the OFF phase. In part, this can be attributed to the observed decrease in the level of DNA methylation in the seqA mutant.
Bicycle Accidents in the City of Milwaukee

The paper presents a cross-classification analysis of all bicycle accidents that were reported in the city of Milwaukee during 1971 and 1972. The bicycle accidents were classified according to their locational and injury characteristics. The probable causes or the factors were grouped into three broad categories: Roadway, environmental, and human factors. Each of these categories was further subdivided into several quantifiable groups. It was observed that the majority of the accidents occurred at intersections with stop sign or signalized control. Furthermore, angle accidents accounted for the major portion of total accidents. About 45% of the bicyclists involved in accidents were between the ages 10 yr and l4 yr, and about 75% were male. A large proportion of the accidents was attributable to the disregard of traffic control devices on the part of the operators. The scope of the analysis was impaired seriously due to the unavailability of data on the magnitude of the actual bicycle usage on the city streets. Language: en