cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
CARP: Handling Silent Data Errors and Site Failures in an Integrated Program and Storage Replication Mechanism

This paper presents CARP, an integrated program and storage replication solution. CARP extends program replication systems which do not currently address storage errors, builds upon a record-and-replay scheme that handles nondeterminism in program execution, and uses a scheme based on recorded program state and I/O logs to enable efficient detection of silent data errors and efficient recovery from such errors. CARP is designed to be transparent to applications with minimal run-time impact and is general enough to be implemented on commodity machines. We implemented CARP as a prototype on the Linux operating system and conducted extensive sensitivity analysis of its overhead with different application profiles and system parameters. In particular, we evaluated CARP with standard unmodified email, database, and web server benchmarks and showed that it imposes acceptable overhead while providing sub-second program state recovery times on detecting a silent data error.
A P300 event-related potential brain-computer interface (BCI): the effects of matrix size and inter stimulus interval on performance.

Abstract We describe a study designed to assess properties of a P300 brain–computer interface (BCI). The BCI presents the user with a matrix containing letters and numbers. The user attends to a character to be communicated and the rows and columns of the matrix briefly intensify. Each time the attended character is intensified it serves as a rare event in an oddball sequence and it elicits a P300 response. The BCI works by detecting which character elicited a P300 response. We manipulated the size of the character matrix (either 3 × 3 or 6 × 6) and the duration of the inter stimulus interval (ISI) between intensifications (either 175 or 350 ms). Online accuracy was highest for the 3 × 3 matrix 175-ms ISI condition, while bit rate was highest for the 6 × 6 matrix 175-ms ISI condition. Average accuracy in the best condition for each subject was 88%. P300 amplitude was significantly greater for the attended stimulus and for the 6 × 6 matrix. This work demonstrates that matrix size and ISI are important variables to consider when optimizing a BCI system for individual users and that a P300-BCI can be used for effective communication.
Evaluation of the effect of postural perturbation on motoneuronal activity following various methods of lumbar spinal manipulation

Abstract Background and context One basic physiologic response to spinal manipulation (SM) is a transient decrease in motoneuronal activity, as assessed by the Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) technique. However, questions of appropriate control procedures when using the H-reflex technique to study the basic physiologic mechanisms of SM still exist. The identification of appropriate control procedures may allow us to better differentiate among the specific and nonspecific aspects of SM. Purpose The purpose of the research was to determine the contributions of postural perturbations on the attenuation of motoneuronal activity following spinal manipulative thrusts and spinal joint preload procedures applied to the lumbar spine. Study design/setting H/M max ratios, recorded from the gastrocnemius muscle, were measured before and after lumbar spinal procedures. The experimental designs for the laboratory data collection protocols were repeated measures and between-subjects. Patient sample The subjects were asymptomatic, young, healthy volunteers. Outcome measure H/M max ratios recorded from the gastrocnemius muscle. Methods In Experiment 1, the administration of prone lumbar procedures involved either manual assist to more fully shear the lumbar zygapophyseal joints or no manual assist. One set of subjects (n=17) received assisted joint preload force and manipulation, whereas a second set of subjects (n=17) received unassisted joint preload force and manipulation. In a second laboratory experiment, one set of subjects (n=10) received a L5-S1 side-posture SM, whereas a second set of subjects (n=10) were just positioned into side-posture. Results There was a H/M max ratio attenuation of 18.2% after assisted spinal manipulation, whereas H/M max ratio attenuation was only 9.5% after unassisted spinal manipulation. Decreases of H/M max ratios by 8.5% and 7.5% were observed after assisted and unassisted joint preload forces, respectively. The amount of H/M max ratio attenuation was significantly greater immediately after the L5-S1 SM procedure (28.4%) as compared with a side-posture positioning maneuver (15.3%). Conclusion SM may provide procedure-specific sensory input that appears to vary, based upon the various types of vertebral loading applied to the lumbar spine.
Recent Advances in Analytical Atomic Radiofrequency Emission Spectroscopy

Four major development topics highlight present inductively coupled plasma (i.c.p.) activities: ( a ) i.c.p. spectrum characterization, diagnostics and interpretations; ( b ) i.c.p. discharge and analyte properties within the discharge; ( c ) sample introduction, and ( d ) extended use of the i.c.p. discharge as in atomic fluorescence and mass spectrometry. The background, status and prospects of i.c.p. spectroscopy with particular emphasis on these development areas are examined.
Intracranial inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor-mediated glioblastoma cell growth by an orally active kinase inhibitor of the 2-phenylaminopyrimidine class.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common primary human brain tumor, and it is, for all practical purposes, incurable in adult patients. The high mortality rates reflect the fact that glioblastomas are resistant to adjuvant therapies (radiation and chemicals), the mode of action of which is cytotoxic. We show here that an p.o.-active small molecule kinase inhibitor of the 2-phenylaminopyrimidine class may have therapeutic potential for glioblastomas. STI571 inhibits the growth of U343 and U87 human glioblastoma cells that have been injected into the brains of nude mice, but it does not inhibit intracranial growth of ras-transformed cells. Studies on a broad panel of genetically validated human and animal cell lines show that STI571 acts by disruption of the ligand:receptor autocrine loops for platelet-derived growth factor that are a pervasive feature of malignant astrocytoma. The cellular response of glioblastoma cells to STI571 does not appear to involve an apoptotic mechanism.
Canine and incisor movement effects on anterior arch circumference

Anteroposterior movement of the incisors relative to the canines and canine width expansion or contraction can dramatically influence the space available for anterior tooth alignment. This paper presents tables to assess the effect of canine and incisor movement on anterior arch circumference. The geometry used in the development of these tables is described.
ACES: a cross-discipline platform and method for communication and language research

While conducting research focused on individuals with impairments is vitally important, such experiments often have high costs (time and money), and researchers may be limited in the instructions they can give, or participant feedback they can gather (due to the impairment). We present how an impairment emulation system (ACES) can be used by researchers in the behavioral sciences. By repurposing this new technology within the context of a "traditional" psychology experiment, we were able to analyze impaired linguistic and communication in a manner that was not possible without a system such as ACES. Our experiment on 96 participants provided strong support for a theory in the aphasia psychology community, and uncovered new understandings of how people communicate when one interlocutor's speech is distorted with aphasia. These findings illustrate a new direction of HCI research that directly helps researchers in Psychology, Communication, and Speech and Hearing Science.
HOT Models in Flux: Mitochondrial Glucose Oxidation Fuels Glioblastoma Growth

Cancer cells in culture obtain ATP and biosynthetic precursors primarily by aerobic glycolysis, not by mitochondrial glucose oxidation. In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Marin-Valencia et al. (2012) demonstrate that glioblastoma, an aggressive and, in culture, highly glycolytic cancer, primarily uses glucose oxidation to meet energetic and biosynthetic demands in vivo.
El escudo de Atenea: cultura visual y guerra en Colombia*

Este articulo propone un marco conceptual para entender el rol de la cultura visual en relacion con la construccion de la memoria historica del conflicto armado colombiano y la superacion de su legado de violencia, sufrimiento y horror. El articulo pregunta por las capacidades del arte, la fotografia y el cine en relacion con esta tarea; para ello, recurre a ejemplos especificos tomados de estos campos de produccion visual. Se propone que la cultura visual contemporanea en Colombia hace su trabajo en relacion con la guerra como mediacion, es decir, como produccion de una inter-relacion de elementos dispares. En relacion con este trabajo como mediacion, se propone tambien la nocion de ecologia de las imagenes, con la cual se busca entender los modos en los que las imagenes se relacionan entre si para producir sentido y afectos. Hacia el final, se esboza la nocion de evento visual, con la cual se busca enfatizar el caracter relacional del rol mediador de la cultura visual.
Brief communication: Early hominin variability in first molar dental trait frequencies.

This report documents greater variabil- ity in early hominin first molar dental trait frequencies than previous research indicated. Specifically, frequen- cies of several M1 dental traits that previously appeared to uniquely characterize Paranthropus are shown here to resemble those of the A. afarensis sample from Hadar. Like Paranthropus, A. afarensis from Hadar has a high frequency of cusp 6 and a low frequency of the proto- stylid. Paranthropus and A. afarensis are also not statis- tically significantly different in their frequencies of LM1 cusp 7, although this cusp is actually absent in the lat- ter. Both groups differ significantly from A. africanus in their frequencies of these traits. Based on the develop- mental biology of molar cusp patterns, we suggest that the morphological similarities between Paranthropus and the Hadar sample may be homoplasies. Am J Phys Anthropol 127:000-000, 2005. V
Leukemia/lymphoma development in IL-15-deficient TCR-transgenic mice

Meeting abstracts Sporadic mouse tumor models are valuable tools to understand disease development and treatment efficacies. Here we show that a transgenic T cell receptor expression predisposes mice to leukemia/lymphoma development. Leukemia/lymphoma precursors expressed low amounts of MHC class I
Listening to Other People’s Stories, Learning From Teachers of Color

The voices and vocations of the five young women teachers of color that Gregory Michie chronicles in his new book, See You When We Get There, ring loud and clear as we listen in on them engaging th...
Nanoscale effects in the characterization of viscoelastic materials with atomic force microscopy: coupling of a quasi-three-dimensional standard linear solid model with in-plane surface interactions.

Significant progress has been accomplished in the development of experimental contact-mode and dynamic-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods designed to measure surface material properties. However, current methods are based on one-dimensional (1D) descriptions of the tip–sample interaction forces, thus neglecting the intricacies involved in the material behavior of complex samples (such as soft viscoelastic materials) as well as the differences in material response between the surface and the bulk. In order to begin to address this gap, a computational study is presented where the sample is simulated using an enhanced version of a recently introduced model that treats the surface as a collection of standard-linear-solid viscoelastic elements. The enhanced model introduces in-plane surface elastic forces that can be approximately related to a two-dimensional (2D) Young’s modulus. Relevant cases are discussed for single- and multifrequency intermittent-contact AFM imaging, with focus on the calculated surface indentation profiles and tip–sample interaction force curves, as well as their implications with regards to experimental interpretation. A variety of phenomena are examined in detail, which highlight the need for further development of more physically accurate sample models that are specifically designed for AFM simulation. A multifrequency AFM simulation tool based on the above sample model is provided as supporting information.
Segmental Hydronephrosis with a Bifid Intrarenal Pelvis

Abstract Congenital obstruction of only 1 portion of the renal collecting system is almost always associated with duplication anomalies. When the duplication is complete the obstruction usually will be at the ureterovesical junction and when it is incomplete obstruction usually will be at the ureteropelvic junction. Herein we present a case of severe obstruction of the lower portion of the kidney that was drained by a bifid intrarenal pelvis and a single ureter.
Hospitalization for heart failure in the elderly

People over 65 years account for more than 80% of heart failure hospitalizations, with almost half in patients morer than 75. Heart failure hospitalizations accounted for 21% of the annual health care budget for a representative senior program. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction accounts for over half of heart failure hospitalizations in the elderly. Current therapy for the elderly is directed to relieve congestion by reducing volume overload and hypertension, while addressing exacerbating factors such as ischemia and anemia. Heart rate reduction is critical when sinus rhythm cannot be maintained but can also improve diastolic filling during sinus rhythm. While cardiac transplantation is rarely indicated, other interventions should be actively considered. Most elderly patients admitted with heart failure wish resuscitation. As heart failure progresses, decisions regarding implantable defibrillators or dialysis require careful consideration, and the risk/benefit balance may shift toward therapies to improve quality of life. (c)1999 by CVRR, Inc.
ISCR2 and IS26: Two Insertion Sequences Highly Dispersed among Acinetobacter spp. Clinical Strainss

Fil: Montana, Sabrina Daiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiologia y Parasitologia Medica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiologia y Parasitologia Medica; Argentina
Incidence of Extramedullary Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following Transplantation with Busulfan-Based Conditioning Regimens.

Abstract Rates of extramedullary relapse are reported to be more than twice as high following transplantation with busulfan-based conditioning regimens (Simpson et al, Bone Marrow Transplantation 1998, Lee et al, Bone Marrow Transplantation 2000) compared to total body irradiation (TBI)-based regimens (Mortimer et al, J. Clin Oncol 1989) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Up to 50% of relapses following transplantation with busulfan-based therapies are reported to be extramedullary, with more than 25% as isolated extramedullary relapses. We analyzed 228 consecutive AML patients who underwent allogeneic (n=192) or autologous (n=36) transplantation following busulfan-based conditioning regimens between 2/84 and 12/03. One hundred twenty-three patients were in remission at the time of transplantation, 67 had relapsed disease, and 38 had never achieved remission. One hundred twenty-seven patients received BuCy, 77 received BuCyVP16, and 24 (all autologous) received BuVP16. All patients had a lumbar puncture demonstrating no evidence of leukemia, and all received intrathecal methotrexate prophylaxis prior to receiving busulfan. Seventy-nine patients (35%) relapsed (any site) at a median of 6 months (range, 1 to 44 months) after transplantation. Fifteen patients (7%) relapsed at extramedullary sites, including 7 in the CNS. Ten patients (4%) had isolated extramedullary relapses at a median of 13 months (range, 1 to 44 months) after transplantation. Four had isolated CNS relapses, and 4 had isolated cutaneous relapses. Of patients transplanted in remission, only 2 relapsed at extramedullary sites, including one patient with an isolated CNS relapse. This retrospective study includes a substantially larger cohort of patients with longer follow-up than prior studies examining extramedullary relapse in patients with AML following transplantation with busulfan-based conditioning. In contrast to other reports, these results demonstrate that the incidence of extramedullary relapse is comparable to that reported with TBI-based conditioning regimens for patients with AML.
Patterns of computed tomography surveillance in survivors of colorectal cancer at Veterans Health Administration facilities

BACKGROUND Annual computed tomography (CT) scans are a component of the current standard of care for the posttreatment surveillance of survivors of colorectal cancer (CRC) after curative-intent resection. The authors conducted a retrospective study with the primary aim of assessing patient, physician, and organizational characteristics associated with the receipt of CT surveillance among veterans. METHODS The Department of Veterans Affairs Central Cancer Registry was used to identify patients diagnosed with AJCC collaborative stage I to III CRC between 2001 and 2009. Patient sociodemographic and clinical (ie, CRC stage and comorbidity) characteristics, provider specialty, and organizational characteristics were measured. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between patient, provider, and organizational characteristics on receipt of 1) consistently guideline-concordant care (at least 1 CT every 12 months for both of the first 2 years of CRC surveillance) versus no CT receipt and 2) potential overuse (>1 CT every 12 months during the first 2 years of CRC surveillance) of CRC surveillance using CT. The authors also analyzed the impact of the 2005 American Society of Clinical Oncology update in CRC surveillance guidelines on care received over time. RESULTS For 2263 survivors of stage II/III CRC who were diagnosed after 2005, 19.4% of patients received no surveillance CT, whereas potential overuse occurred in both surveillance years for 14.9% of patients. Guideline-concordant care was associated with younger age, higher stage of disease (stage III vs stage II), and geographic region. In adjusted analyses, younger age and higher stage of disease (stage III vs stage II) were found to be associated with overuse. There was no significant difference in the annual rate of CT scanning noted across time periods (year ≤ 2005 vs year > 2005). CONCLUSIONS Among a minority of veteran survivors of CRC, both underuse and potential overuse of CT surveillance were present. Patient factors, but no provider or organizational characteristics, were found to be significantly associated with patterns of care. The 2005 change in American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines did not appear to have an impact on rates of surveillance CT. Cancer 2017;123:2338-2351. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Peptide library synthesis on spectrally encoded beads for multiplexed protein/peptide bioassays

Protein-peptide interactions are essential for cellular responses. Despite their importance, these interactions remain largely uncharacterized due to experimental challenges associated with their measurement. Current techniques (e.g. surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence polarization, and isothermal calorimetry) either require large amounts of purified material or direct fluorescent labeling, making high-throughput measurements laborious and expensive. In this report, we present a new technology for measuring antibody-peptide interactions in vitro that leverages spectrally encoded beads for biological multiplexing. Specific peptide sequences are synthesized directly on encoded beads with a 1:1 relationship between peptide sequence and embedded code, thereby making it possible to track many peptide sequences throughout the course of an experiment within a single small volume. We demonstrate the potential of these bead-bound peptide libraries by: (1) creating a set of 46 peptides composed of 3 commonly used epitope tags (myc, FLAG, and HA) and single amino-acid scanning mutants; (2) incubating with a mixture of fluorescently-labeled antimyc, anti-FLAG, and anti-HA antibodies; and (3) imaging these bead-bound libraries to simultaneously identify the embedded spectral code (and thus the sequence of the associated peptide) and quantify the amount of each antibody bound. To our knowledge, these data demonstrate the first customized peptide library synthesized directly on spectrally encoded beads. While the implementation of the technology provided here is a high-affinity antibody/protein interaction with a small code space, we believe this platform can be broadly applicable to any range of peptide screening applications, with the capability to multiplex into libraries of hundreds to thousands of peptides in a single assay.
The reliability of drug use indicators collected from a prisoner sample using the life events calendar method

AbstractSome methods of retrospective data collection are known to produce reliable indicators of drug use, but the Life Event Calendar (LEC) method has not been convincingly tested. As well, previous assessments of reliability typically focus on treatment program participants or others that are not representative of criminally active populations, and address one or two substances and time frames ranging from just a few days to twelve months. Our aim is to address those gaps by examining the test-retest reliability of self-reported drug use among prisoners across a wider variety of substances and over a longer reference period than previous research. Accordingly, we analyzed data that were collected using the LEC method during 2005–2007 from a random sample of 110 minimum and medium security prisoners. Drug use over an eighteen month period preceding the arrest that led to their imprisonment was conveyed. On average, the main or first interview (test) was completed 162.4 days (SD = 62.47) following prison...
A physical domain-based substructuring as a framework for dynamic modeling and reanalysis of systems

Abstract A comprehensive physical domain-based formulation of reduced-order models based on dominant and residual normal modes and interface reduction is presented. The dynamic behavior of the substructures is characterized by the dominant fixed interface normal modes and by the static contribution of higher order modes. Interface reduction is accomplished by using a reduced number of interface modes. Special attention is considered to the proper treatment of residual normal modes in the context of system reanalyses and sensitivity analyses. The efficiency of the resultant formulation is evaluated in the framework of dynamic response characterization, modal sensitivity analysis and uncertainty propagation analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed model reduction technique is demonstrated by means of numerical examples involving two structural models. Numerical results show that the technique allows an effective dynamic modeling and reanalysis of a class of structural models.
STEM Identity Development for Latinas: The Role of Self- and Outside Recognition:

This qualitative, phenomenological research study explored how 17 Latina undergraduate science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) majors developed their STEM identities. The study focu...
Oxamidation of Unsaturated O-Alkyl Hydroxamates: Synthesis of the Madangamine Diazatricylic (ABC Rings) Skeleton

A novel approach to the diazatricyclic madangamine ABC ring system and the synthesis of an advanced, differentially protected intermediate for the synthesis of madangamine D is reported. Central to the success of this approach is the iodine(III)-mediated intramolecular oxamidation of an unsaturated O-methyl hydroxamate, a π–N+-type cyclization which proceeds in high yield and with complete regioselectivity to generate the 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (morphan) system encompassing rings A and C.
Recent work on coplanar waveguide discontinuities and broadside-coupled coplanar waveguides

This paper presents recent work on coplanar waveguide (CPW) step discontinuities and broadside-coupled CPW for microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits (MIC's and MMIC's) using the full-wave mode-matching and spectral- domain methods. Various numerical results are presented and discussed. It has been found that the broadside-coupled CPW has a very weak dispersion, a desirable feature for wide-band microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits (MIC's and MMIC's) and high-speed digital integrated circuits.
Evolution of Materials in Novel Point-of-Care Diagnostics.

Featured Articles: Sia SK, Whitesides GM. Microfluidic devices fabricated in poly (dimethylsiloxane) for biological studies. Electrophoresis 2003;24:3563–762; Chin C, Laksanasopin T, Cheung YK, Steinmiller D, Linder V, Parsa H, et al. Microfluidics-based diagnostics of infectious diseases in developing world. Nature Med 2011;17:1015–9.3 Because clinical laboratory diagnostic procedures involve repeated steps of manipulating fluid samples and chemical reagents, compact fluid handling lies at the heart of novel point-of-care (POC)4 diagnostic devices. Historically, POC devices such as glucometers and pregnancy tests have relied on capillary forces to drive the flow of fluids in paper-based membranes. Although simple, this method of fluid handling enables only a small number of mixing steps (typically 1 or 2, such as the solubilization of dried gold-conjugated antibodies by blood). In the 1990s, a simple new procedure called rapid prototyping could produce micron-sized features, such as open channels (within a solid substrate) through which fluids could move. Once a master mold was made in a dust-free clean room, replica structures could be repeatedly molded in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a transparent rubber-like material used previously in industrial applications, such as a lubricant for …
Synthesis and evaluation of a novel urea-based 68Ga-complex for imaging PSMA binding in tumor.

Abstract Introduction Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well-established target for diagnostic and therapeutic applications for prostate cancer. It is know that [ 68 Ga]PSMA 11 ([ 68 Ga]Glu-NH-CO-NH-Lys(Ahx)-HBED-CC) is the most well studied PET imaging agent for detecting over expressed PSMA binding sites of tumors in humans. In an effort to provide new agents with improved characteristics for PET imaging, we report a novel [ 68 Ga]-Glu-NH-CO-NH-Lys(Ahx)-linker-HBED-CC conjugate with a novel O -(carboxymethyl)-L-tyrosine, as the linker group. Methods Radiosynthesis was performed by a direct method. In vitro binding and cell internalization of [ 68 Ga] 10 was investigated in PSMA positive LNCaP cell lines. Biodistribution and MicroPET imaging studies were performed in LNCaP tumor bearing mice. Results In vitro binding to LNCaP cells showed that nat Ga labeled O -(carboxymethyl)-L-tyrosine conjugate, [ nat Ga] 10 , displayed excellent affinity and specificity (IC 50 =16.5nM) a value comparable to that of PSMA 11. In vitro cell binding and internalization showed excellent uptake and retention; [ 68 Ga] 10 displayed significantly higher cellular internalization than [ 68 Ga]PSMA 11 (12.5 vs 7.4% ID/10 6 cells at 1h). Biodistribution studies in LNCaP tumor-bearing mice exhibited a high specific uptake in PSMA expressing tumors and fast clearance in normal organs (19.7 tumor/blood; 20.7 tumor/muscle at 1h after iv injection). MicroPET imaging studies in mice confirmed that [ 68 Ga] 10 displayed excellent uptake and distinctive tumor localization, which was blocked by iv injection of a competing drug, 2-PMPA. Conclusions The preliminary results strongly suggest that [ 68 Ga] 10 may be promising candidates as a PET imaging radiotracer for detecting PSMA expression in prostate cancer.
Dressed state approach to quantum electromagnetics

We briefly define the scope of the field of quantum electromagnetics and introduce the dressed state approach to tackle problems in this field, such as atom-field interaction, multiatom coherence as well as the Casimir-Polder interaction amongst atoms and their electromagnetic environments. In particular we emphasize how classical computational electromagnetic knowledge is injected into these quantum mechanical calculations. The principle results of our efforts are summarized and a lookout for future studies are presented.
Boresight Calibration of GNSS/INS-Assisted Push-Broom Hyperspectral Scanners on UAV Platforms

Low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) utilizing push-broom hyperspectral scanners are poised to become a popular alternative to conventional remote sensing platforms such as manned aircraft and satellites. In order to employ this emerging technology in fields such as high-throughput phenotyping and precision agriculture, direct georeferencing of hyperspectral data using onboard integrated global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) and inertial navigation systems (INSs) is required. Directly deriving the scanner position and orientation requires the spatial and rotational relationship between the coordinate systems of the GNSS/INS and hyperspectral scanner to be measured. The spatial offset (lever arm) between the scanner and GNSS/INS unit can be measured manually. However, the angular relationship (boresight angles) between the scanner and GNSS/INS coordinate systems, which is more critical for accurate generation of georeferenced products, is difficult to establish. This paper presents three calibration approaches to estimate the boresight angles relating hyperspectral push-broom scanner and GNSS/INS coordinate systems. For reliable/practical estimation of the boresight angles, this paper starts with establishing the optimal/minimal flight and control/tie point configuration through a bias impact analysis starting from the point positioning equation. Then, an approximate calibration procedure utilizing tie points in overlapping scenes is presented after making some assumptions about the flight trajectory and topography of covered terrain. Next, two rigorous approaches are introduced – one using ground control points and other using tie features. The approximate/rigorous approaches are based on enforcing the collinearity and coplanarity of the light rays connecting the perspective centers of the imaging scanner, object point, and the respective image points. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed approaches, estimated boresight angles are used for orthorectification of six hyperspectral UAV dataset acquired over an agricultural field. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the results have shown significant improvement in the derived orthophotos to a level equivalent to the ground sampling distance of the used scanner (namely, 3–5 cm when flying at 60 m).
THE RELIGIOUS SITES DURING THE CHINESE CULTURAL REVOLUTION, 1966-1976

This study presents a thought-provoking picture of statistical data regarding the growth patterns of the religious sites for five main Chinese religions during the Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976. Applying comparative and quantitative lenses, this paper addresses the diE™erent growth rates of religious sites during the four diE™erent periods from 1949 to 2004 to test the relative growth pace of religious sites during the Cultural Revolution. To understand the patterns of growing religious sites from 1966 to 1976, this study also compares the diE™erent growth rates of religious sites between the first phase (1966 to 1970) and the second phase (1971-1976) of the Cultural Revolution. Furthermore, it provides detailed information concerning the year of building new religious sites for all five major religions that hold more than 2,500 new religious sites during the Cultural Revolution. In addition, the study shows the top five provinces which built the most new religious sites while denoting their respective rural and urban locations in an eE™ort to demonstrate their geographical expansion during the period. Finally, this study addresses the growth rates of the national population and per capita GDP as compared to the growth of the religious sites during the period of national disaster (1966-1976).
The Global Debate over Constitutional Property: Lessons for American Takings Jurisprudence

Countries around the world are heatedly debating whether property should be a constitutional right. But American lawyers have largely ignored this debate, which is divided into two clear camps: those who believe making property a constitutional right undermines democracy by fostering inequality, and those who believe it provides the security necessary to make democracy possible. In "The Global Debate over Constitutional Property", Gregory S. Alexander recasts this discussion, arguing that both sides overlook a key problem: that constitutional protection, or lack thereof, has little bearing on how a society actually treats property. A society's traditions and culture, Alexander argues, have a much greater effect on property rights. Laws must aim, then, to change cultural ideas of property, rather than deem whether one has the right to own it. Ultimately, Alexander builds a strong case for improving American Takings Law by borrowing features from the laws of other countries - particularly those laws based on the idea that owning property not only confers rights, but also entails responsibilities to society as a whole.
The Production of Synthesis Gas from Methane, Coal and Biomass

Synthesis gas, composed principally of carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be used as the major building block in the production of chemicals and fuels. Natural gas, petroleum liquids, biomass and coal may all be readily reformed or partially oxidized to produce synthesis gas suitable for further processing. Most synthesis gas produced today comes from natural gas by catalytic reforming, but commercial production of synthesis gas by partial oxidation of heavy-liquids is also widely practiced. Only a minor amount of synthesis gas is produced today by solid fuel gasification.
Full-Wafer Interferometry

Full wafer interferometry uses a CCD camera interface with a computer to collect the modulation of reflectivity from the wafer as a function of time, and thereby, determine the etching rate of thin film materials or endpoint of highly reflective materials, as shown in Fig. 25.
Volunteers in Ukraine: From provision of services to state- and nation-building

This article discusses the volunteer movement in Ukraine. After the 2013–2014 Revolution of Dignity and the subsequent military confrontation with Russia, the volunteer movement became an influenti...
Best practice alert and cost transparency information for high cost oncology medications.

323Background: Oncology medication cost is often absent from therapy decision process until issues arise with payer denial resulting in potential patient financial toxicity. To incorporate cost, Best Practice Alert (BPA) and Cost Transparency Information (CTI) for high cost oncology medication (HCOM) were implemented into prescribing platform as care coordination tools. Methods: Ten HCOM were identified in gastrointestinal (GI) and breast oncology groups for which BPA and CTI were developed. Over a 6 month period, HCOM prescriptions triggered BPAs to alert providers and to place automated referrals to social work (SW). CTI – with drug costs and comparable treatment plan(s) – were posted in prescribing platform. Descriptive analyses examined differences in total payment to hospital and patients out-of-pocket payments (OPP) between treatment plans. Pre- and post-intervention surveys evaluated oncologists’ perception and behavior toward treatment cost. Results: The analysis included 162 patients and 1406 med...
Direct Intracellular Signaling by the Carboxy terminus of NMDA Receptor GluN2 Subunits Regulates Dendritic Morphology in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons.

Abstract N-methyl- d -aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are glutamatergic receptors that take part in excitatory synaptic transmission and drive functional and structural neuronal plasticity, including activity-dependent changes in dendritic morphology. Forebrain NMDARs contribute to neuronal plasticity in at least two ways: through calcium-mediated processes or via direct intracellular postsynaptic signaling. Both properties are regulated by the GluN2 subunits. However, the separate contributions of these properties to the regulation of dendritic morphology are unknown. We created transgenic mice that express chimeric GluN2 subunits and examined the impact on pyramidal cell dendritic morphology in hippocampal region CA1. Golgi-Cox impregnation and transgenic expression of green fluorescent protein were employed to visualize dendritic arbors. In adult mice with a predominantly native GluN2A background, overexpression of the GluN2B carboxy terminus increased the total path of the dendritic arbor without affecting branch number or tortuosity. Overexpressing the amino terminus and transmembrane domains of GluN2B had little effect. It may be inferred from these results that NMDAR-dependent intracellular signaling regulates dendritic morphology of hippocampal pyramidal cells more so than calcium conductance dynamics. The findings add to the understanding of NMDAR-mediated signaling in hippocampal neurons and support re-investigation of the molecular underpinnings of NMDAR involvement in postnatal dendrite maturation.
Assessment of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Specific Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) As a Predictor for Higher Level of Care after Discharge for Patients Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma and Lymphoma

Introduction Hematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) is a validated scoring system that assesses the risks of patients (pts) undergoing allogenic stem cell transplant. [Sorror et al. 2005] There has been emerging evidence of its value in risk discussion for pts undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). In a recent large (N=1730) retrospective study in pts with multiple myeloma (MM) or lymphoma, a high-risk HCT-CI was associated with higher rates of orotracheal intubation (OTI), 100-day non-relapsed mortality (NRM), and 1-year mortality. [Berro et al. 2017] Not well studied was disposition of a pt at the time of discharge post-transplant as it relates to HCT-CI risk. This could be an additional useful variable in pts/caregiver discussions pre-ASCT. Herein, we report a retrospective single institution review of our experience as it relates to HCT-CI to post-ASCT outcomes including level of care requirements at time of discharge. Methods We performed a retrospective review of pts with MM or lymphoma who received consolidative ASCT between May 2013 and March 2018. Pt demographic were collected. Pts HCT-CI were collected per defined variables by Sorror et al. Each pt was divided into three cohorts: low risk (HCT-CI score of 0), intermediate risk (HCT-CI score of 1-2), and high risk (HCT-CI ≥ 3). Discharge location was categorized into five dispositions: home with caregiver, home with supplemental care, skilled nursing facility, acute rehab facility, and died during transplant. Results Four hundred sixty-one charts were reviewed. Males were 62.0% of the population with a median age of 58.5. Disease populations were balanced with MM/lymphoma at 48.4%/51.6% respectively. MM pts received melphalan (140 or 200 mm/m2) and lymphomas received BEAM based conditioning. We found no statistical correlation of high-risk HCT-CI patients requiring higher rates of OTI during ASCT (p=0.1066) nor requiring a higher level of care post-ASCT transplant (p=0.2998). Furthermore we were unable to statistically correlate high-risk HCT-CI score with an increased rates of 100-day NRM (p=0.0681) or 1-year mortality (p=0.0656). We further investigated the breakdown of HCT-CI scoring of high-risk pts (n=177). The dominant comorbid conditions that appeared to be driving points towards a high-risk designation was cardiopulmonary (70.5%) and psychiatric (34.5%). Conclusion In our single center experience the categorization of high-risk HCT-CI prior to ASCT did not portend a higher risk with regards to OTI, 100-day NRM, or 1-year NRM when compared to pts categorized as low and intermediate risk in ASCT. A high risk HCT-CI score did not predict for a statistically significant increase in need for higher level of care post ASCT beyond caregiver support.
Impact of concomitant ablation on the perioperative outcomes of patients with colorectal liver metastases undergoing hepatectomy: a propensity score matched nationwide analysis.

Abstract Background Intraoperative ablation (IA) is often performed at the time of liver resection (LR) for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) but its impact on postoperative outcomes remains poorly understood. Methods The ACS-NSQIP targeted hepatectomy database was used to identify patients who underwent LR vs LR + IA for CRLMs during 2014–2016. Perioperative outcomes were compared following propensity score match based on age, receipt of neoadjuvant therapy, operative approach, liver resection type, tumor diameter and number of metastases. Results Among 1,384 patients, 692 (50%) underwent LR alone and 692 (50%) underwent LR + IA. After propensity score matching, overall morbidity (22% vs 13%, P 245 minutes (OR: 1.8, 95% CI:1.3–2.4) and IA (OR:0.5, 95% CI:0.3–0.7) were associated with overall morbidity. Conclusions In this propensity matched nationwide analysis of patients undergoing LR for CRLM, the use of concomitant IA was associated with decreased postoperative morbidity compared to LR alone. These findings suggest that IA combined with LR is a safe approach that may expand the number of patients who are candidates for curative-intent surgical strategies.
The Genetic Influence on Corticosteroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension: A Field Positioned for Discovery.

Purpose To provide evidence that corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension has a genetic component. Design Evidence-based perspective. Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search for studies exploring genetic influences on intraocular pressure responses to corticosteroid treatment. Results Studies demonstrating increased risk of corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension among first-degree relatives of affected individuals support a genetic contribution to the disease. Family and personal history of primary open-angle glaucoma also increases the risk of corticosteroid-induced intraocular pressure elevation, suggesting common genetic etiologies. A number of studies have attempted to identify predisposing genetic factors; however, reproducible findings have not yet been reported. The recent availability of large data sets with clinical and genetic data for patients affected by corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma provides new opportunities to study the genetic underpinnings of this important condition. Conclusions There is substantial evidence suggesting a genetic component to corticosteroid-related ocular hypertension and glaucoma, but specific genetic risk factors have yet to be identified. The current confluence of large genetic data sets and affordable genetic sequencing technologies has great potential for discovering the genes that increase risk for this blinding complication of corticosteroid therapy.
Pediatric upper extremity surgery: BMI is not associated with increased complication rate

While the effect of body mass index (BMI) on upper extremity surgical outcomes has been investigated in adults, limited data exists in the pediatric population. We sought to identify the complication rate in pediatric upper extremity surgery and determine the effect of BMI on complication rates. Subjects were pediatric patients that underwent reconstructive surgery between 2005 and 2011. BMI percentiles were classified as: underweight (< 5th percentile), healthy weight (5th–< 85th percentile), overweight (85th–< 95th percentile), or obese (≥ 95th percentile). Postoperative complications included wound infection, partial wound dehiscence, hematoma/seroma formation, tissue expander exposure, flap coverage, short- or long-term dressing, observation, hospital admission, reoperation, and death. Complication rates were compared using Chi-square analysis. We identified 182 patients who underwent 269 operations that comprised 805 procedures. Subjects included 88 females (48.35%) and 94 males (51.65%), with an average age of 13.02 years. Average number of procedures per operation was 2.99. Of the 805 procedures, 47 (5.84%) included at least one postoperative complication. The most common complication was partial wound dehiscence (2.98%), followed by need for short term dressing (1.86%) and observation of tissue expander (1.37%). Only 9 procedures (1.12%) required reoperation. BMI was not a predictor of postoperative complication rates (p = 0.669). In our pediatric patient population, BMI was not a significant risk factor for postoperative complications. Our data suggests that plastic surgery of the upper extremity is safe regardless of BMI with low complication rates and no reported mortality within in our study population. Level of evidence: Level IV, risk/prognostic study
Abstract 87: Eighteen-Year Trends in Ischemic Stroke Rates in a Bi-Ethnic Population

Introduction: Elevated stroke rates in Mexican Americans (MA) compared with non-Hispanic whites (NHW) persisted over the first decade of the 21st century. Our objective was to investigate recent tr...
Factors associated with the receipt and completion of whole brain radiation therapy among older adults in the United States from 2010-2013.

Abstract Introduction Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is widely used to treat patients with brain metastases. However, there is debate regarding its utility in patients with poor prognoses. In this study, we sought to characterize the use of WBRT in the United States, especially in adults aged 55 and above. Material and Methods Patients with brain metastases were identified using the National Cancer Database between 2010 and 2013. The receipt and completion of WBRT with various patient factors were correlated using multivariable logistic regression. Results 28,422 patients with brain metastases were identified, 23,362 of whom were aged 55 or above. 14,845 patients received WBRT and 12,310 patients completed treatment. Among adults aged 55 and above, 11,945 patients received WBRT, and 9812 patients completed treatment. Patients aged 60 and above were less likely to receive WBRT, while those aged 65 and above were less likely to complete WBRT. Discussion These results suggest that WBRT may be over-utilized in the United States, especially among older adults. Better interventions to improve pre-WBRT decision-making in this population are needed to select patients who might derive benefit.
Kawasaki disease in a 20 year old male

"Introduction" Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium-vessel vasculitis that is familiar to most pediatricians. It is most commonly diagnosed in children ages 6 months to 5 years. It is generally considered a pediatric disease, and case reports of Kawasaki disease in adults are rare. There are specific criteria for the diagnosis of KD; patients who have some features of KD, and in whom other diagnoses have been effectively ruled out, may …
Screening of Wild Potatoes Identifies New Sources of Late Blight Resistance.

Late blight (LB) of potato is considered one of the most devastating plant diseases in the world. Most cultivated potatoes are susceptible to this disease. However, wild relatives of potatoes are a...
De Prinkipo a Pulacayo: consideraciones sobre la historia del trotskismo boliviano

En la historia del movimiento trotskista mundial, Bolivia ha ocupado un lugar especial y en cierto grado excepcional. ?En que ha consistido la influencia historica del trotskismo boliviano? ?Como se explica? ?Cual fue su politica durante la Revolucion Boliviana de 1952 y cuales fueron los resultados de dicha orientacion? En el articulo se plantean algunas consideraciones sobre estos temas.