cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
LATIN AEROBICS: AN EXERCISE WORK-OUT FOR STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE OF CONGENITALLY BLIND CHILDREN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week Latin aerobics on the static and dynamic balance of children with congenital blindness. Ten (10) congenitally blind children participated in this single-group experimental research. This study tested the static balance of the participants through One Leg Stance (OLS) and the dynamic balance through Timed Up To Go (TUG). The data were analysed through paired t-test. Results of the study showed statistically significant differences during the OLS pre- and post-tests of the right and left legs. No statistically significant differences were observed when the OLS pre- and post-test scores of the right and left legs were compared. The result of the pre- and post-test in the TUG was statistically different. The findings highlighted the effectiveness of Latin aerobics in improving the static and dynamic balance of congenitally blind children.
On the chromatic polynomial and counting DP-colorings of graphs

Abstract The chromatic polynomial of a graph G, denoted P ( G , m ) , is equal to the number of proper m-colorings of G. The list color function of graph G, denoted P l ( G , m ) , is a list analogue of the chromatic polynomial that has been studied since 1992, primarily through comparisons with the corresponding chromatic polynomial. DP-coloring (also called correspondence coloring) is a generalization of list coloring recently introduced by Dvořak and Postle. In this paper, we introduce a DP-coloring analogue of the chromatic polynomial called the DP color function, denoted P D P ( G , m ) , and ask several fundamental open questions about it, making progress on some of them. Motivated by known results related to the list color function, we show that while the DP color function behaves similar to the list color function for some graphs, there are also some surprising differences. For example, Wang, Qian, and Yan recently showed that if G is a connected graph with l edges, then P l ( G , m ) = P ( G , m ) whenever m > l − 1 ln ⁡ ( 1 + 2 ) , but we will show that for any g ≥ 3 there exists a graph, G, with girth g such that P D P ( G , m ) P ( G , m ) when m is sufficiently large. We also study the asymptotics of P ( G , m ) − P D P ( G , m ) for a fixed graph G. We develop techniques to compute P D P ( G , m ) exactly and apply them to certain classes of graphs such as chordal graphs, unicyclic graphs, and cycles with a chord. Finally, we make progress towards showing that for any graph G, there is a p such that P D P ( G ∨ K p , m ) = P ( G ∨ K p , m ) for large enough m.
Oscillations observed in umbra, plage, quiet-Sun and the polarity inversion line of active region 11158 using Helioseismic Magnetic Imager/Solar Dynamics Observatory data.

Using data from the Helioseismic Magnetic Imager, we report on the amplitudes and phase relations of oscillations in quiet-Sun, plage, umbra and the polarity inversion line (PIL) of an active regio...
Sadness, Depression, and the Dark Night of the Soul: Transcending the Medicalization of Sadness

We have all been sad at one time or another. Sometimes we can identify a cause: losing a loved one, suffering a disappointment, facing obstacles or pain presented by disease or disability, general ...
Pairs Trading Strategy with Geolocation Data: The Battle Between Under Armour and Nike

We investigate the fundamental linkages between “geolocation” (human movement) data and financial market’s equity price behavior. The geolocation positions were recorded intraday and cover the period from January 1, 2018 to July 17, 2018. Our initial data set spans over 54 billion observations and was provided by Fysical. We focus our study on a popular hedge fund trading strategy known as “pairs trading.” First, we collect Under Armour (UA) and Nike’s stock price and volume data. Second, we investigate the relative activity of people visiting a particular physical store of UA and Nike, as proxied from anonymous cell phone foot traffic. Third, we collect the relative sentiment for tweets to UA and Nike. After combining all the data, we glean the following fascinating results: (1) geolocation information is an important variable in pairs trading strategy between UA and Nike, as evidenced by the results from our feature selection popularity methodology; (2) surprisingly, pairs trading only using geolocation data yields positive returns, and employing machine learning methods and rolling analysis enhances the returns; and (3) pairs trading strategy incorporating geolocation information yields a cumulative return of 13.7% from January, 2018 to June, 2018, with an Annualized Sharpe Ratio of 3.9. Some caveats are in order – our results are very sensitive to transaction costs assumptions and our data set has serious limitations.
Scleroderma Mimics

Scleroderma is a rare systemic autoimmune disease with multiple organ manifestations, including skin fibrosis. The groups of disorders classified as scleroderma mimics share the common thread of skin thickening but are otherwise quite incongruous in terms of underlying disease process and other organ involvement. This article reviews the clinical presentation, etiology, and treatment options available for scleroderma mimics, including morphea, scleredema, diabetic cheiroarthropathy, scleromyxedema, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, and eosinophilic fasciitis. Through greater understanding of these diseases and the associated extradermal implications, we hope to facilitate recognition of scleroderma and its mimics.
Teacher-reported IEP goal data collection methods

Utilizing effective data collection methods to track student progress on Individual Education Program (IEP) goals is essential to quality programming and meeting each student’s specific needs. This...
Food security requires a new revolution

A central responsibility of societies should be supplying adequate nourishment to all. For roughly a third of the global human population, that goal is not met today. More ominously, that population is projected to increase some 30% by 2050. The intertwined natural and social systems, that must meet the challenge of producing and equitably distributing much more food without wrecking humanity’s life-support systems, face a daunting array of challenges and uncertainties. These have roots in the agricultural revolution that transformed our species and created civilization. Profound and multifaceted changes, revising closely-held cultural traditions and penetrating most of civilization will be required, if an unprecedented famine is to be avoided.
Circular dichroism of hapten-antibody complexes. Studies of tryptophanyl residue involvement in the antibody combining sites of mopc-315 protein heavy and light chain subunits, reconstituted mopc-315 protein and its fv fragment.

Abstract Circular dichroic spectra of the native MOPC-315 mouse IgA myeloma protein and the protein reformed from its isolated heavy and light chains, the amino-terminal variable region fragment (Fv-315) and the isolated subunits provide information about conformational features of the isolated chains, changes which occur upon subunit association and about local protein-protein interactions. A pair of negative peaks in the near-ultraviolet (at 285 and 293 nm) is present in both the MOPC-315 and Fv-315 CD spectra, indicating that the structure responsible for the bands is located in the variable region of the intact immunoglobulin. These CD bands are absent from the CD spectra of the isolated heavy and light chain subunits but are regained in the process of subunit reassociation which results in the formation of the intact antibody combining site. The near-u.v. circular dichroism of a model cyclic tryptophanyl dipeptide provides evidence that two or more closely juxtaposed tryptophanyl residues may be responsible for the protein aromatic chromophore transitions at 285 and 293 nm. Binding of chromophoric haptens (Dnp- and Tnp-aminocaproate) to the native and reformed MOPC-315 protein and to its Fv fragment generates an induced circular dichroism with unique features: (1) an increase of the negative CD at both 285 and 293 nm; (2) a perturbation (blue-shift) of the tryptophanyl band at 293 nm; and (3) an apparent reciprocal relationship between positive induced CD bands of haptenic chromophore (at 370–382 nm) and the large negative induced CD band in the aromatic residue absorption region of the protein (near 300 nm) where haptens display absorption minima. These spectral features imply that the induced CD arises from electronic interactions between the aromatic moiety of the bound hapten and tryptophan(s) in the protein. This pattern of induced CD furnishes additional evidence that the paired CD bands at 285 and 293 nm in the spectra of the intact immunoglobulin and its Fv fragment arise from closely situated tryptophans and indicates that these residues lie in or near the intact antibody combining site. Induced CD bands generated by binding Tnp-aminocaproate to the isolated light chains also exhibit reciprocal relations and may be due to electronic interactions between the aromatic moiety of the bound hapten and tryptophan(s) in the protein subunit. Data available from primary amino acid sequence and affinity-label studies are consistent with the suggestion that variable region tryptophans from different subunits are close neighbora in or near the intact antibody combining site. The negative 293 and 285 nm CD bands of the MOPC-315 and Fv-315 proteins may therefore represent short range electronic interactions occurring within an antibody combining site between chromophoric residues contributed respectively by separate polypeptide chains.
Incorporating Instream Flow Values into a Water Market

We use laboratory experiments to test three different water market institutions designed to incorporate instream flow values into the allocation. The institutions are (1) a baseline with fixed minimum flow constraints, (2) an environmental agent contributing to the cost of providing instream flows, and (3) creating an instream flow right in which an environmental agent can sell the right to reduced flows. Using a “smart” computer-coordinated market, we find that direct environmental participation in the market can achieve highly efficient and stable allocations. A particularly attractive and practical feature of the third institution is that it nests the status quo in the sense that, should the environmental agent choose not to participate in the market, the default minimum instream flow constraints will be maintained. Although flows may be lower in this institution relative to a fixed constraint on minimum flows, because these flow reductions are voluntary and compensated, all deviations from the status quo (i.e., binding flow constraints) are necessarily Pareto improving in the sense that no agent, including the environment, is made worse off.
Prolapsus uteri in nullipara with reference to the etiological role of occult spina bifida.

Abstract 1. 1. Nineteen cases of uterine prolapse in nulliparas are reported out of a total of 963 cases of prolapse of the uterus treated in the Elizabeth Steel Magee Hospital and the St. Francis Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa., covering a period from January, 1934, to April, 1947. 2. 2. Prolapsus uteri in nulliparas is an uncommon yet definite entity, and the series reported shows an incidence of 1.97 per cent. Associated with the prolapse is a relaxation of the pelvic supporting structures. Predisposing factors vary, and there seems to be an indication that neural disturbances with secondary muscular insufficiency of the pelvic floor, atrophy of the ligaments, connective tissue, and muscles contribute to the appearance of uterine prolapse in nullipara. One predisposition to prolapse is congenital, and in these cases where a congenital retroflexion or retroversion exists, subsequent trauma, poor nutrition in early life, faulty innervation, or intra-abdominal pressure may be the excisting cause. There is an element of infantilism in many cases, and the fact that these women are sterile is highly suggestive. 3. 3. Spina bifida occulta should be considered as a possible predisposing factor in uterine prolapse appearing in a nulliparous woman. Nine cases were x-rayed for the presence of occult spina bifida and this condition was found in two cases, or 22.2 per cent. The percentage in this small series is lower than previously reported by others. 4. 4. The presence of cystocele, rectocele, frequency and burning on urination, and relaxed perineum are commonly associated with uterine prolapse. 5. 5. Treatment is surgical and essentially the same as in multiparas. Results are equally as good. The Manchester type of vaginal repair with or without amputation of the cervix and perineorrhaphy was the treatment of choice. Vaginal hysterectomy has also been done for the treatment of complete prolapse. Some degree of narrowing of the vagina or colpectomy may be done with these operations.
Utility of ProExC and IMP3 immunocytochemical staining in atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance in liquid-based cervical cytology.

The diagnosis of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) in liquid-based cervical cytology specimens shows significant underlying pathology in only 30% of cases, while the remaining cases are found to be benign (reactive, reparative/metaplastic). Previous studies have reported positive ProExC and IMP3 staining in neoplastic glandular lesions of the uterine cervix and corpus. We present our experience with the utility of these markers in the evaluation of AGUS cases in liquid-based cervical cytology. The case cohort included 34 cases diagnosed as AGUS. ProExC and IMP3 immunocytochemical (ICC) stains were performed on ThinPrep® slides and the results correlated with subsequent biopsy findings. Positive expression was classified as strong diffuse nuclear immunostaining for ProExC and granular cytoplasmic for IMP3. The presence of AGUS cells on the ICC stained slides was confirmed in all cases. IMP3 was positive in 80% of glandular neoplasms and negative in 93% non-glandular lesions/cases negative for squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). ProExC was positive in 60% of glandular neoplasms and negative in 83% non-glandular lesions/cases negative for SIL. When used as a panel (ProExC + IMP3), at least one stain was positive in 100% of glandular neoplasm cases and they were both negative in 83% of non-glandular lesions/cases negative for SIL. Based on this study, both ProExC and IMP3, when used as an immuno panel, can predict the presence of glandular lesions on subsequent biopsies and can serve as an aid in the diagnosis and management of AGUS cases. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:375–379. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Guideline of guidelines: urinary incontinence

The objective of the article is to review key guidelines on the management of urinary incontinence (UI) to guide clinical management in a practical way. Guidelines produced by the European Association of Urology (updated in 2014), the Canadian Urological Association (updated in 2012), the International Consultation on Incontinence (updated in 2012), and the National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health (updated in 2013) were examined and their recommendations compared. In addition, specialised guidelines produced by the collaboration between the American Urological Association and the Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine and Urogenital Reconstruction on overactive bladder and the use of urodynamics were reviewed. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE) instrument was used to evaluate the quality of these guidelines. There is general agreement between the groups on the recommended initial evaluation and the use of conservative therapies for first-line treatment, with a limited role for imaging or invasive testing in the uncomplicated patient. These groups have greater variability in their recommendations for invasive procedures; however, generally the mid-urethral sling is recommended for uncomplicated stress UI, with different recommendations on the approach, as well as the comparability to other treatments, such as the autologous fascial sling. This 'Guideline of Guidelines' provides a summary of the salient similarities and differences between prominent groups on the management of UI.
Global stability of balanced bridge feedback

The pointing control system with balanced bridge feedback (BBF) using permanent magnet rotor motor can be made globally stable without sacrificing the available feedback by either employing a limiter with frequency dependent threshold at the actuator summer input, or by application of nonlinear dynamic compensation in the outer loop.
Picosecond Q-switched microchip lasers

Q-switched microchip lasers have the potential to produce pulses of less than 100-ps duration with peak powers in excess of 1 MW. Here the author designs a Nd:YAG microchip laser. >
Inequitable access to urban reforestation: the impact of urban political economy on housing tenure and urban forests

Abstract There has been substantial attention given to the benefits provided by urban forests, but little emphasis placed on the distribution of urban trees and the means by which trees are redistributed through urban reforestation efforts. This paper examines the 2002 program Greening Milwaukee, the city’s largest public/private tree planting program. The vast majority of trees planted for this program are located on owner-occupied properties. The study accounts for this via political-economic analysis and discusses both the implications and the necessary strategies to overcome this inequity.
SU-E-T-514: Simultaneously Determination of Radiation Isocentricity of Gantry, Collimator and Couch Using a Commercial Three-Dimensional Dosimetry QA Apparatus

Purpose: Radiation isocentricity is an important benchmark for a LINAC and is typically determined by 3 separate film star-shots. We developed a technique to simultaneously determine the radiation isocenter of gantry, collimator and couch with a commercial 3D QA apparatus. Methods: The ArcCHECK from SunNuclear was used on two LINACs. It was aligned with room lasers. For gantry rotation, collimator and couch were set to zero and gantry was placed to 0, 49, 213 and 311 degrees. Similarly, a set of collimator/couch angles were chosen with the other two axes at neutral positions. The measured dose matrices were analyzed by an in-house MATLAB program. For each shot, the central axis was determined by computing the FWHM of the diode arrays. The largest inscribed circle from these central axis lines was used to determine isocenter: the radius as the benchmark of isocentricity and the coordinates of the center as the discrepancy of radiation isocenter to the origin defined by lasers. To validate the method, the couch was shifted by ~5 mm in all three directions and measurements were repeated. Results: The radius of the largest inscribed circle for gantry, collimator and couch are (0.3, 0.5, 0.2) mm for one LINAC and (0.2, 0.3, 0.1) mm for the other, in agreement with the film star-shots at annual QA. The discrepancies of radiation isocenter are generally within 1 mm, except gantry rotation on one LINAC due to the drift of foot laser. The differences in positions detected are consistent with the intentional predefined shift. Conclusion: We have demonstrated a technique for the simultaneous measurement of gantry, collimator, and couch isocentricity with a set of carefully chosen irradiation parameters based on the specific construction geometry of the 3D detector ArcCheck. This can replace the standard film star-shots. The future work includes improving operation efficiency.
And now a word from our sponsor: Do consumers perceive advertising on traditional television and online streaming video differently?

Despite the increasing popularity of online streaming television (OTV), there is little information regarding how perceptions of the new medium differ from traditional television (TV) viewership. The research employed online interviews among young adult viewers of OTV and traditional TV to determine whether young adult consumers (aged 18–34) regard advertising viewed within online TV programming differently than they regard advertising viewed within traditional TV programming. While advertising has long been accepted by American consumers as a necessary element of most mass communication, this research suggests that viewers of OTV programming do not regard advertising as a means to subsidize the cost of online content. Rather, young adults appear to regard advertising as an intruder in the OTV environment. Furthermore, the results indicate that Ducoffe's Advertising Value model (1995) does not predict attentiveness to advertising viewed within the OTV context. Therefore, while OTV advertising may be held ...
Perioperative blood transfusion does not increase the risk of colorectal cancer recurrence

An adverse relationship between perioperative blood transfusions and the risk of subsequent recurrence of cancer was reported recently. We reviewed retrospectively the records of 171 patients who received initial therapy for colorectal adenocarcinoma from 1977 to 1979 at the Virginia Mason Medical Center. One hundred three patients (60%) received transfusions within 1 month of surgery and 37 patients (22%) developed recurrent cancer. No overall relationship between transfusion status (yes or no) and tumor recurrence or patient survival was found, although among subsets of patients (those with colon cancer or Dukes' Stage C2 disease), patients who had received transfusions were less likely to develop recurrent cancer than patients who had not (P = 0.01). No effect of transfusion on patient survival was found, even after consideration of potential confounding variables. The conflicting data regarding blood transfusion and cancer recurrence are reviewed, but it would appear to be premature to alter radically current blood transfusion practices based on the possibility that transfusion may adversely influence the risk of cancer recurrence.
Proline-mediated Proteasomal Degradation of the Prostate-specific Tumor Suppressor NKX3.1

Reduced expression of the homeodomain transcription factor NKX3.1 is associated with prostate cancer initiation and progression. NKX3.1 turnover requires post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a non-canonical mechanism for NKX3.1 turnover that does not require ubiquitination. Using a structure-function approach, we have determined that the conserved, C-terminal 21-amino acid domain of NKX3.1 (C21) is required for this novel ubiquitin-independent degradation mechanism. Addition of C21 decreased half-life of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) by 5-fold, demonstrating that C21 constitutes a portable degron. Point mutational analyses of C21 revealed that a conserved proline residue (Pro-221) is central to degron activity, and mutation to alanine (P221A) increased NKX3.1 half-life >2-fold. Proteasome inhibition and in vivo ubiquitination analyses indicated that degron activity is ubiquitin-independent. Evaluating degron activity in the context of a ubiquitination-resistant, lysine-null NKX3.1 mutant (NKX3.1KO) confirmed that P221A mutation conferred additional stability to NKX3.1. Treatment of prostate cancer cell lines with a C21-based peptide specifically increased the level of NKX3.1, suggesting that treatment with degron mimetics may be a viable approach for NKX3.1 restoration.
Stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg peak radiosurgery for the treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations in childhood and adolescence

Forty patients aged 6 to 18 years have now been treated for inoperable intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) using stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg peak radiosurgery at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 184-inch Synchrocyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley. This paper describes the procedures for selection of patients, the treatment protocol, and the neurological and neuroradiological responses to stereotactic radiosurgery in this age group. The volumes of the treated AVMs ranged from 265 mm/sup 3/ to 60,000 mm/sup 3/. The results are favorable: thus far, 20 of 25 patients have experienced greater than or equal to 50% obliteration of their AVMs within 1 year after treatment, and 14 of 18 patients have experienced total obliteration of the AVM by 2 years after treatment. Two patients hemorrhaged from radiosurgically treated AVMs within 12 months after treatment, but none thereafter. Complications include vasogenic edema and arterial occlusion; three patients have had neurological worsening as definite or possible sequelae of treatment. The strengths and limitations of the method are discussed.
Regulation of pre-transfer RNA synthesis during transition from resting to growing state

Abstract The rate of synthesis of pre-tRNA has been examined in detergent-treated ghost monolayers of 3T6 cells prepared from cultures undergoing a transition from resting to growing state. For the first 30 min after serum stimulation of resting cells, the rate of pre-tRNA synthesis rises together with the rate of pre-rRNA synthesis; but later, synthesis of pre-tRNA fails to increase in proportion to that of pre-rRNA. After replication of DNA begins, the rate of pre-tRNA synthesis increases more sharply than that of pre-rRNA, and by 24 hr the initial proportion in their rates of synthesis is reestablished. If DNA replication is prevented by cytosine arabinoside, the discrepancy in the rates of pre-rRNA and pre-tRNA synthesis persists. As a result, cells stimulated with serum in the presence of cytosine arabinoside develop a form of unbalanced growth in which there is an increasing deficit in the amount of tRNA relative to other classes of RNA in the cytoplasm. The rate of protein synthesis soon fails to increase, suggesting that it may be limited by the availability of tRNA. These facts may have a bearing on the normal operation of the division cycle. Pre-tRNA synthesis can evidently be regulated only over a narrow range without DNA replication. When ribosomes and mRNA accumulate during the transition from resting to growing state, and the rate of protein synthesis increases, control of the division cycle evidently ensures that DNA replication will begin before cellular tRNA content becomes much reduced relative to its ribosome content. The regulatory range for transcription of pre-tRNA (independent of increase in the number of genes through replication) can also be demonstrated by using inhibitors of protein synthesis. Resting cells respond to such inhibitors by increasing their rate of synthesis of pre-tRNA, whereas cells already stimulated by serum do not respond further.
On the observed properties and long-term structure and evolution of white dwarfs in cataclysmic variables

An attempt is made to explain the observed surface temperatures and luminosities of cataclysmic variable white dwarfs based on the cooling physics and time-averaged structure of the white dwarf in response to accretion. The evolutionary changes in core temperature and core luminosity as an accreting white dwarf evolves quasi-statically are compared with the cooling evolution of a nonaccreting, one solar mass, pure C-12 core. Then, the evolutionary behavior of the white dwarf envelope in mass and temperature, in response to long-term accretion, is used to predict temperatures and luminosities of white dwarfs during quiescent intervals between nova outbursts. It is shown that the observed luminosities and effective temperatures of the bare white dwarfs detected in some cataclysmic variables are the expected intrinsic values associated with classical nova thermonuclear outburst cycles. Two alternate interpretations of their observed surface temperatures and luminosities are assessed.
Effect of ultraviolet radiation on zinc oxide catalysts

The effect of monochromatic irradiation on the powdered zinc oxide catalyst used in heterogeneous catalytic reactions of hydrogen with deuterium and of carbon monoxide with oxygen has been studied. No photocatalytic effect for the H2 D2 exchange reaction was observed for radiation with wavelengths from 2000 to 8000Awhen accompanying thermal effects are eliminated. In contrast, marked effects with regard to rate and kinetics were observed for the carbon monoxide oxidation reaction between 30 and 350 °C during irradiation with wavelengths corresponding to an energy equal to or in excess of the band gap of the semiconductor. The effect on the two reactions of monochromatic radiation at various frequencies but constant intensity is analyzed in terms of the reaction mechanisms, and the electronic state of the catalyst surface.
Turbidimetric studies of the interaction of aqueous micelles of phosphatidic acid with cations.

Aqueous micelles of phosphatidic acid are prepared by ultrasonic radiation. In the pH range studied, ≧ 7, these dispersions consist of highly charged polyanions and have low turbidities. The interactions of buffered systems of phosphatidic acid with cations can be studied by turbidimetric titrations. At pH 7.2, increased turbidity occurs in 0.2 N LiCl or 0.4 N NaCl, however, KCl and tetramethylammonium chloride produce no change up to concentrations of 0.75 N. In 10−5 M CaC12 the turbidity increases and rises steeply to 2 × 10−4 M. Somewhat higher concentrations are necessary with MgCl2 . Additions of univalent cations to phosphatidic acid containing Ca reduces the turbidity by exchange with Ca. In systems containing sodium citrate, the concentrations of CaCl2 required to produce given turbidity changes are greater than in comparable systems containing NaCl. This gives a measure of the concentration of CaCit− formed. From the known formation constant of CaCit−, the Ca+2 concentration in equilibrium with the anions of citric and phosphatidic acids is calculated. This permits the evaluation of the formation constant of CaPA. Values obtained at pH 7.2, 8.8, and 9.6 are 1.2 × 104.
Growing up with the threat of nuclear war: Some indirect effects on personality development.

The effects of the nuclear peril upon youngsters in middle childhood are considered, with particular emphasis on the extent to which ego strengths and weaknesses are influenced by adult behavior. It is suggested that the adult response to a pervasive danger such as the nuclear arms build-up shapes children's views of the trustworthiness of adult society and defines the limits of their growth and development.
Binder free graphene-single-wall carbon nanotube hybrid papers for the removal of polyaromatic compounds from aqueous systems

The time-dependent adsorption of 1-pyrenebutyric acid, a model compound for polyaromatic carbon adsorption, onto graphene nanoplatelet-single-wall carbon nanotube hybrid papers is investigated experimentally based upon changes in optical absorption spectra.
Formation of carbon nanofilms on diamond for all-carbon based temperature and chemical sensor application

Abstract The objective of the present study is to investigate temperature and chemical sensitivity of carbon nanofilms made on diamond surface by high temperature surface modification followed by plasma treatment. The carbon nanofilms made this way were characterized by electrical measurements, Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The nanofilms were found amorphous in nature. They showed significant sensitivity of their electrical conductance to temperature and exposure to vapors of different organic compounds. The fast response and recovery of the conductance make the carbon nanofilms on diamond substrates promising for development of all-carbon chemical sensors which could be suitable for biological and medical applications.
Further Investigation of Popular Misconceptions about Suicide

This study encompasses a replication of the study “Popular Misconceptions About Suicide: How Popular Are They?”, conducted by George Domino in 1990, as well as further analyses of the data obtained in our study. Ninety-seven undergraduate students were administered the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire (SOQ). The twenty SOQ items concerning misconceptions were analyzed for the percentage of endorsement by the students. Like Domino, we found that these misconceptions may not exist as texts indicate. A 2 × 2 ANOVA using each respondent's total number of endorsed misconceptions, with gender (male/female) and ethnicity (white/non-white) as quasi-independent variables, showed no significant main effects. Next, chi-square analyses conducted on the individual items (frequency of subject endorsement on each) revealed differences among ethnic groups but not among gender groups. Finally, a one-way ANOVA comparing people's knowledge of suicide between those who have known versus those who have not known a suicide victim...
A 105dBA SNR, 0.0031% THD+N filterless class-D amplifier with discrete time feedback control in 55nm CMOS

It is traditionally difficult to implement higher order PWM closed loop class-D audio amplifiers using analog techniques. This paper describes a mixed signal approach, implementing a 4th order amplifier in 55nm CMOS with minimal demands on a front-end ADC. An approach to design the feedback loop in the digital domain with high gain throughout the audio band (100dB at DC) to improve linearity and PSRR is also outlined. The prototype achieves 105dBA SNR, 0.0031% THD+N, 92dB PSRR and 85% efficiency when supplying 1W into emulated 8Q microphone load. This performance represents an improvement over reported designs in advanced nodes and is competitive with conventional designs using large feature size precision CMOS or specialized BCD technologies.
«They saw a negotiation»: partisanship and involvement

The incompatibility error is the belief that the other party's interests are completely opposed to one's own in a negotiation situation, when in fact, the other party's interests are completely compatible with one's own. In Experiment 1, partisan and nonpartisan observers viewed a negotiation. Nonpartisan observers were more likely to detect compatible interests than the actual negotiators. In Experiment 2, high involvement worsened judgment accuracy among partisan observers but improved judgment accuracy among nonpartisan observers. Experiment 3 replicated the findings of Experiment 2: Nonpartisan observers made more accurate judgments when they were accountable than when they were not accountable; however, partisan observers made less accurate judgments when they were accountable than when they were not accountable. Partisans who were not accountable expressed the most confidence in their judgments. Partisans tended to judge their party to be more friendly than the other party; nonpartisans were more evenhanded in their judgments. There were no differences in recall of the videotaped interaction
MR susceptibility distortion quantification and correction for stereotaxy

We demonstrate a new in-vivo correction scheme for the non-linear, shape dependent spatial distortion in MR images due to magnetic susceptibility variations. Geometric distortion at the air/tissue and tissue/bone boundaries before and after the correction is quantified using a phantom. Assuming CT is distortion-free, MR images were compared to CT images of the phantom. Edges of the images were detected. Using fiducials, transformation from CT to MR was determined. CT edges were projected onto MR planes. Corrected and uncorrected MR edges were compared with CT edges. Magnetic susceptibility of cortical bone was measured using a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer and found to be -8.86 ppm which is quite similar to that of tissue (-9 ppm). As expected, the distortion at the bone/tissue interface was negligible while that at the air/tissue interface created displacements of about 2.0 mm with a 1.5 T main magnetic field and a 3.13 mT/m gradient field. This is a significant value if MR images are used to localize targets with the degree of accuracy expected for stereotaxic surgery. Our correction scheme diminished the errors to the same level of accuracy as CT.
The translation products of Moloney murine sarcoma virus-124 RNA.

Abstract RNA from Moloney murine sarcoma virus (Mo-MuSV) produced in clone G8-124 infected cells was isolated and translated in a mRNA-dependent cell-free protein synthesis system. The cell-free product of 30 S genomic RNA contained five major polypeptides with apparent M r of 63,000 (P639 gag ), 42,000 (P42), 40,000 (P40), 38,000 (P38), and 23,000 (P23). A 70,000 M r polypeptide (P70 gag ) was synthesized in minor amounts. P63 gag was translated primarily from full-sized poly(A)-containing subunit RNA while P38 and P23 were preferentially translated from 18–25 S poly(A)-containing subgenomic RNA. P63 gag contained antigenic determinants and tryptic peptides characteristic of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) p15, pp12, and p30. Although P63 gag was recognized by anti-p10, its tryptic map showed that it lacked a p10-characteristic tyrosine-containing tryptic peptide. The P42–P38 fraction also contained antigenic determinants and tryptic peptides of p15, pp12, a portion of p30, as well as several unidentified acidic tryptic peptides. We emphasize that each band in the P42–P38 size class may be composed of more than one polypeptide, as exemplified by P38 which appears to be derived from both full-length 30 S and 3′ half-molecules of Mo-MuSV RNA. Analyses of P23 clearly demonstrated that it lacked antigenic determinants and tyrosine-containing tryptic peptides of the viral core proteins, reverse transcriptase, and the env gene products. These results indicate that P63 gag and some but not necessarily all of the polypeptides from the P42–P38 size class are derived from the gag gene of Mo-MuSV whereas P23 does not appear to be a product of any of the replication genes. Although the relationship of P23 to the acquired sequences of Mo-MuSV-124 remains to be established, the finding that the 3′ half of the 30 S Mo-MuSV RNA codes for P23 whereas the 5′ half codes for P63 gag suggests that P23 is a product of the portion of the viral genome that contains the acquired sequences.
Effect of treatment with two intravaginal inserts on the uterine and vaginal microflora of early postpartum beef cows.

Objective To describe the bacterial species found within the uterus and vagina of early postpartum (10 to 20 d) beef cows treated for 14 d with (i) two intravaginal (CIDR-BTM) progesterone releasing inserts (C-P4; n=31); (ii) two identical but blank inserts (C-BL; n=15); (iii) untreated controls (CON; n=15). It was hypothesised that due to the locally immunosuppressive effects of progesterone on the uterus, the bacterial microflora of C-P4 would be altered by this treatment in contrast to CON and C-BL. Procedure Cows were enrolled at two intervals 7 d apart. Blood samples were collected at 0, 7 and 14 d after beginning treatments for subsequent progesterone assay. A triple guarded swabbing technique was used to collect bacteriological samples from the uterus of every cow on days 0, 7 and 14 following CIDR™ insertion. Swabs were also collected from the inserts and vagina of every cow on day 14. Due to the small sample sizes, only descriptive statistics were generated. Results Plasma progesterone levels were maintained at mid-luteal phase concentrations by the intravaginal progesterone releasing inserts (C-P4: 4.2 ± 0.4 ng/mL at 7 d; 3.6 ± 0.2 ng/mL at 14 d), although increased progesterone concentrations were found in 4/15 CON and 9/15 C-BL cows on day 14. Bacteria were isolated from 32/61 (52%) of all uterine samples collected at the time of insertion. Uterine and vaginal swabs from CON cows showed a marked reduction in isolates over time such that 14 d after insertion only 1/15 uterine swabs grew bacteria. In contrast, C-BL and C-P4 treated cows failed to show reductions in the number of uterine or vaginal isolates at 14 d after device insertion. Heavy growths of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Actinomyces pyogenes were found on the intravaginal inserts from C-BL and C-P4 cows. Cows enrolled in the second week of the study that received intravaginal inserts (C-P4 + C-BL) were more likely to have Pseudomonas isolated from the uterus than those enrolled in week 1 (1/18 versus 14/28). Conclusions The presence of two intravaginal inserts, regardless of hormone content, substantially altered the profile of uterine and vaginal bacteria in early postpartum beef cows. It was suspected that because of the early stage at insert application, the cervix had not involuted sufficiently to provide an adequate microbial barrier to the uterus. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant species isolated from both uterine and insert cultures after 14 d of treatment but may have been a contaminant, due to the greater proportion of cows infected with it that had been enrolled in the second week of the study.
A method for improving mobile authentication using human spatio-temporal behavior

Integration of NFC radios into smartphones is expediting the adoption of mobile devices as the preferred method for accessing physical locations, bank accounts, and other valuable resources. The pervasive nature of authentication using these mobile devices, however, comes with increased security considerations stemming from the possibility of physical loss of the device. To minimize the risk caused by stolen devices, this paper introduces a method for confirming the identity of a device's user based on her recent macroscopic behavior over space and time. The user's behavior is continuously recorded by a set of devices embedded in the environment (e.g., Wi-Fi Access Point) and used to train a probabilistic n-gram model. Subsequently, deviations caused by stolen devices can be detected by comparing the user's recent behavior against the trained model. Our first evaluation results demonstrate the ability of the proposed approach to detect anomalies in the user's behavior without generating a significant number of false alarms.
Transvenous Removal of Catheter Emboli from the Heart and Great Veins by Endoscopic Forceps

Abstract A direct approach for removal of a catheter in the right atrium or great veins involves a major operation, with or without extracorporeal circulation. The use of standard endoscopic grasping forceps inserted into the right atrium via the right external jugular vein has been demonstrated to be both practical and rewarding. Fluoroscopic monitoring of the procedure with image amplification is essential. This safe, simple, and minimally traumatic approach should be used initially in all patients, and thoracotomy and atriotomy should be reserved for those patients in whom this first procedure fails.
At-Risk Students and Resiliency: Factors Contributing to Academic Success

(1994). At-Risk Students and Resiliency: Factors Contributing to Academic Success. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas: Vol. 67, No. 3, pp. 137-140.
Three methods for the absolute calibration of the NOAA AVHRR sensors in-flight

Three techniques for the absolute calibration of two reflective channels of the NOAA AVHRR sensors are described and compared. The technique 1 is based on field measurements and refers to another calibrated satellite sensor; technique 2 utilizes the reflectance-based calibration method; and technique 3 estimates the calibration by reference to another satellite sensor. NOAA-9 and NOAA-10 AVHRR images are analyzed. It is observed that the responsivity of the images degrade compared to prelaunch calibration. The effect of degradation in responsivity of the AVHRR sensors on vegetation indices are studied. It is noted that the uncertainties in the calibration methods is about 7-10 percent making them useful for many applications.
Murine pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy of the photodynamic sensitizer 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a

Abstract The combination of the new photodynamic sensitizer 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) and laser light of wavelength 665 nm showed antitumor activity against two s.c.-implanted murine tumors. HPPH also sensitized normal mouse foot tissue to light but photosensitivity decreased rapidly with time after HPPH administration. Mechanistic studies revealed that HPPH induced little direct tumor cell toxicity but was an effective mediator of vascular photodamage. Pharmacokinetic studies following intravenous injection of 1 mg [14C]HPPH per kilogram revealed a biexponential decay with time, with plasma α and β half-lives of 0.69 and 21 h respectively. Fecal excretion was the primary route of elimination. The highest levels of [14C]HPPH were found in the liver, which also showed the greatest long-term retention. The sequence of decreasing uptake levels was the liver, adrenals, lung, spleen, kidney, urinary bladder, heart, eye, skin, pancreas, muscle, testes, fat and brain. This distribution correlated with the relative blood perfusion rates in the tissues.
Returns to scope: a metric for production synergies demonstrated for hospital production

Knowledge of the production function’s scope properties can provide insights for firms choosing their operating strategy, policy-makers considering industry structure, and analysts determining appropriate tools. We introduce a new property, returns to scope, which is distinct from scale properties and does not rely on price information. Based on desirable characteristics of an estimator of returns to scope, we propose two methods for assessment. We present examples using simulated data and hospital production data from the 2008 National Inpatient Sample of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We find that hospitals experience negative returns to scope (productivity losses) from the joint production of minor and major diagnostic procedures. Based upon our results we conclude that the new returns to scope property allows sharper insights than classic economies of scope approaches.
THE CASE FOR FRENCH EN PANTOUFLES

Author's summary.— Bookish French must be learned, but the student needs for ordinary use the every-day expressions actually current in correct but colloquial speech.
THE COSMOCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF BERYLLIUM AND BORON

Abstract The chemistry of Be and B in the solar nebula is reinvestigated using thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. The dominant Be gases are monatomic Be at high temperatures and the hydroxides BeOH and Be(OH) 2 at lower temperatures. Beryllium condenses as gugiaite (Ca 2 BeSi 2 O 7 ) in solid solution with melilite with a 50% condensation temperature of 1490 K. If an ideal solid solution of chrysoberyl (BeAl 2 O 4 ) into spinel is assumed, most of the Be condenses into spinel, yielding a 50% condensation temperature of 1501 K. However, the difference in the crystal structures of spinel and chrysoberyl indicates that their solid solution may be non-ideal. At high temperatures the dominant B gases are BO, HBO, and HBO 2 , while NaBO 2 , KBO 2 , and LiBO 2 are dominant at lower temperatures. Boron is less refractory than Be and is calculated to condense into solid solution with feldspar. The majority of B condenses as danburite (CaB 2 Si 2 O 8 ) in solid solution with anorthite. At lower temperatures, when the feldspar composition is more albitic, the remaining B condenses as reedmergnerite (NaBSi 3 O 8 ). The 50% condensation temperature of B is 964 K. The 50% condensation temperature of B is similar to that of Na and much higher than that of S. Therefore, normalized B abundances in chondrites are expected to correlate with Na abundances. Be is predicted to be concentrated in melilite, a conclusion which is consistent with the few measurements of Be concentrations in calcium aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs). Boron is predicted to be concentrated in feldspar, but no analytical data are available to test this prediction.
Determining surgical priorities in rheumatoid arthritis.

Consideration of the patient’s needs and expectations is of primary importance in determining a surgical plan for the rheumatoid patient. Nevertheless, procedures undertaken to save life or prevent neurologic demise must take precedence; alleviation of pain and correction of disabling deformity take next priority. Many other considerations go into the formulation of the list of surgical priorities. A well-integrated team approach to the rheumatoid patient provide the best chance for optimal outcome following surgery.