cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of extracurricular activities on postsecondary completion for students with disabilities

ABSTRACTThe authors focused on participation in extracurricular activities as a way of improving the educational outcomes of children with disabilities. Regarding students in the general population, adolescent involvement in extracurricular activities has been shown to have a positive association with school involvement and adolescent self-esteem, academic achievement, and adolescent development. Using the Educational Longitudinal Study dataset, the authors conducted logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between participation in high school–sponsored extracurricular activities and postsecondary degree completion for students with disabilities. Findings show a statistically significant association between postsecondary degree completion for students with disabilities and extracurricular activity participation, including extent and type of extracurricular activity. Students with disabilities who participate in high school extracurricular activities may have increased likelihood of complet...
Redesigning the Healthcare Model to Address Obesity Problem Using the Integration of Processes and Mobile Technologies: Facing a Worldwide Epidemic in an Innovative Manner

Obesity and other lifestyle-related illnesses are among the top global healthcare challenges today. The obesity in youth is an alarming predictor for obesity in adulthood as well as the possibility of other short-term health complications. Knowledge about staying healthy is not enough to motivate young individuals to adopt healthy lifestyles. However, relevant progress can be achieved through the integration of processes and mobile technologies. An effective new healthcare model to prevent obesity in the youth population is proposed, incorporating the development of an innovative multi-dimensional cross-disciplinary ICT framework. Sophisticated game mechanics would be used to motivate behavior changes towards healthier lifestyles. Three main functions would be supported: individual and environmental monitoring, including wearable sensors, mobile phones and multimedia diaries; feedback to users, presenting personalized healthy options for alternative lifestyles; and social connectivity, encouraging involvement in sharing experiences through social networks and social engagement. System development would be based on user-centered design, social and networking games as well as online education. Support would be provided by a wide ecosystem of stakeholders including health authorities and research institutions, industries and academia from the ICT and healthcare sectors, as well as food companies and SMEs.
Fine-grained binary code authorship identification

Binary code authorship identification is the task of determining the authors of a piece of binary code from a set of known authors. Modern software often contains code from multiple authors. However, existing techniques assume that each program binary is written by a single author. We present a new finer-grained technique to the tougher problem of determining the author of each basic block. Our evaluation shows that our new technique can discriminate the author of a basic block with 52% accuracy among 282 authors, as opposed to 0.4% accuracy by random guess, and it provides a practical solution for identifying multiple authors in software.
Acculturation and fear of crime among Hispanics

AbstractFear of crime has attracted significant attention in academic research. One area that has largely been overlooked concerns fear of crime correlates among Hispanics, the largest ethnic minority group in the United States. Their unique cultural background as immigrants make them different from Non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans, and they all go through the acculturation process to some degree. However, the influence of acculturation has seldom been incorporated into the analysis. The current study attempts to use the acculturation thesis to examine two different types of fear among Hispanic residents in Houston, Texas. The findings suggest that acculturation is a significant predictor of crime-specific fear at home, but not of fear of crime in the neighborhood.
SIRA+P: Development and Testing.

Abstract Objectives To describe the development of a new skin risk assessment scale called Skin Injury Risk Assessment and Prevention (SIRA + P) and to establish initial reliability and validity of the scale among patients ranging in age from birth, including pre-term, to adulthood, regardless of age or acuity of illness. Study Design The single-site study was a retrospective chart review to evaluate the measurement properties of SIRA + P. Charts of 385 patients of all ages and in all units (including the neonatal and pediatric intensive care units) of a free-standing children's hospital were included. Concurrent validity was assessed with scales having previously established reliability and validity. For subjects Results Interrater reliability for SIRA + P was very high (0.878). SIRA + P strongly correlated with the NSRAS (0.725), the Braden Q (− 0.634), and the Braden (− 0.778). Conclusion SIRA + P is designed to be used within the EHR and includes nursing decision support to guide pressure injury prevention interventions for specific skin integrity risks. SIRA + P has good interrater reliability, is valid across all age groups and accounts for device-related pressure.
Validation of Pedinocyclus and Quinquerhabdus, New Calcareous Nannoplankton Genera

Validation of the names of these two calcareous nannoplankton genera is necessary because generic diagnosis was not given in Bukry and Bramlette (1969) and because a proposed new genus name, Leptodiscus, has been determined to be preoccupied by a dinoflagellate (Leptodiscus Hertwig, 1877). We thank Dr. Alfred R. Loeblich, Jr., for bringing this to our attention.
Expert practice patterns and opinions on corneal cross-linking for infectious keratitis

Objective To assess the current opinion and practice patterns from cornea experts regarding the benefit of corneal cross-linking (CXL) for infectious keratitis (IK). Methods and analysis An international survey was distributed to corneal specialists via an internet survey. The survey data collected were analysed with descriptive statistics. Results A survey was sent to 190 recipients, and 29 (15%) respondents completed the survey with an average of 7 years’ experience using CXL. A majority of respondents (66%) used CXL to treat IK due to bacterial, fungal, protozoan or unknown aetiology. Main indications to use CXL as adjuvant therapy were worsening infiltrate diameter or depth despite therapy (74%), followed by antibiotic resistance (68%), corneal thinning (53%), poor compliance with medication (26%) and other reasons (21%). Most respondents felt CXL would be at least moderately helpful as an adjuvant therapy for bacterial (96%) or fungal (75%) keratitis; about half (46%) thought it would be helpful for acanthamoeba keratitis. As sole therapy, fewer respondents believed CXL would be at least moderately helpful to treat bacterial (75%), fungal (58%) and acanthamoeba (43%) keratitis. Conclusion The survey offered insights into current expert practices and opinions of using CXL as therapy for IK. The results of this survey serve to guide in the design of future clinical studies.
Hazard plotting of left truncated life data

Some life data contain groups of units that were not observed before some age. Then the number and ages of earlier failures are not known. Such data are called truncated (on the left). This paper shows how to make a hazard plot of such data to estimate ..
Continuous Evaluating System of Cardiac Output in Patients with Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping

Intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) is often used in some patients who develop poor myocardial contractility after myocardial infarction and coronary revasucularization. For such patients, it might be great advantage if continuous evaluating system of CO is available. This study reports the possibility of continuous CO evaluating system in the patients with IABP by using microcomputer with 16bit A/D converter.
An Analysis of the Occupational Stress of Teachers of the Behaviorally Disordered: Sources, Effects, and Strategies for Coping.

A sample of 244 teachers of the behaviorally disordered completed the Pullis Inventory of Teacher Stress, a questionnaire regarding the sources, effects, and methods of coping with occupational str...
Angiogenesis for the Clinician

Angiogenesis, the development of a microvasculature to a neoplastic, inflammatory, or infectious disease process, is a promising therapeutic target that has not been fully exploited. Virtually all processes of therapy impinge on cutaneous angiogenesis. A proper understanding of cutaneous pathophysiology, with respect to angiogenesis, will lead to a more effective use of current therapies for dermatologic diseases, as well as development of novel therapies. With this knowledge, the clinician can make educated guesses on the effect of therapy on a process. The primary disorders of the skin are infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic. All of these categories are capable of inducing angiogenesis through a limited and overlapping subset of mechanisms, and these mechanisms can be understood by the practicing dermatologist. This chapter discusses the primary mediators of angiogenesis and examples of common skin disorders in which they occur. Antiangiogenic therapy is also discussed. Factors that directly impact endothelium are called direct angiogenesis stimulators or inhibitors, while factors that stimulate nonendothelial cells to make stimulators or inhibitors are called indirect angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors.
STEM Is Not Enough: Education for Success in the Post-Scientific Society.

In this paper, I briefly review the concept of the Post-Scientific Society and then present some of the confirming evidence for the aptness of the concept. This leads to important implications for how we should think about education and workforce development in the twenty-first century. Both require the incorporation of a very high cognitive level of scientific and technical knowledge with deep understanding of human wants, needs, and behaviors, as well as a substantial appreciation for how design will affect the success of those technologies in application.
Selecting Time Series Length to Moderate the Impact of Nonstationarity in Extreme Rainfall Analyses

AbstractObserved and projected increases in the frequency of extreme rainfall complicate the extreme value analyses of precipitation that are used to guide engineering design specifications, becaus...
Parkinson, Stephen, Cláudia Pazos Alonso, and T. F. Earle, editors. A Companion to Portuguese Literature. Tamesis, 2009.

A Companion to Portuguese Literature is a remarkably inspired and personalized introduction to the unattainable task of contextualizing perfectly the totality of Portuguese literary history. Comprising significant improvements and complements to the 1932 classic Portuguese Literature by Aubrey Bell and the more recent A Revisionary History of Portuguese Literature , edited by Miguel Tamen and Helena C. Buescu (Garland Publishing, 1999), A Companion to Portuguese Literature is unabashedly canonical yet revisionary, at once unassumingly authoritative and entertaining, resourceful and pleasantly concise.
Metal Nanoparticle Hole Contacts for Silicon Solar Cells

Recent years have seen the development of a broad range of novel contacting strategies for crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. This study is focused on the use of a sparse layer of platinum nanoparticles to enhance the hole contact characteristics of a c-Si/transparent conductive oxide hole contact. It is shown that the addition of the Pt nanoparticle layer results in a 2 order of magnitude reduction in contact resistivity on both lightly and heavily doped p-type surfaces with values of ~3 and $\sim 0.2 m\Omega cm^{2}$ , respectively. A high transparency can be maintained for such contacts from strict control of the nanoparticle deposition process with a predicted Jsc loss of just 0.15 mA/cm2as a result of the Pt nanoparticle layer. Finally, the thermal and damp heat stability of the Pt nanoparticle contact is investigated, revealing promising initial results.
O objeto dinâmico e os atos criativos improvisados

O objeto dinâmico possui um lugar proeminente na semiotica peirciana. Considerando-se que o objeto imediato e o objeto como e representado “no signo”, o objeto dinâmico e aquilo que determina o signo, que esta por tras e proporciona agencia ao intercâmbio semiotico e, por fim, sobre o qual o interpretante final eventualmente estabeleceria. Na certa, atos criativos improvisados, ilustrados aqui pelo exemplo do design de fontes tipograficas, o empreendimento criativo e uma das estilisticas inventivas. Como oposto aos empreendimentos de descoberta, tal como e encontrado nas ciencias fisicas, na qual busca-se uma realidade fixada por meio de arduas investigacoes pela “comunidade de estudiosos,” em atos criativos improvisados, ou “abertos,” nao parece haver um “real” oculto. Improvisacoes inventivas sao, muitas vezes, feitas em base individual e privada, em vez de uma base comunitaria probatoria. Em tais casos, o objeto dinâmico, se ele existir, e quase indistinguivel da opiniao, vontade, desejo, ou mero acaso. Esses processos de design, em especial, em seus estagios iniciais, sao divergentes em carater em vez de convergirem para um interpretante final. Isso dito, a semiose que ocorre mesmo nos mais divertidos e excentricos processos de design comeca, eventualmente, com um processo de conformacao para a harmonia e unidade. Ainda que esse elemento restritivo emergente se adeque, ate certo ponto, a nocao de um objeto dinâmico, atos criativos abertos nao podem ser totalmente explicados pelo simples objeto dinâmico peirciano que e um determinador alegado pre-existente do signo. O objeto dinâmico peirciano, que e o objeto dinâmico empirico, deve ser suplementado pelas duas variedades adicionais do objeto dinâmico: o motivacional e o estilistico/afetivo. Somente o objeto dinâmico empirico determina o signo; o objeto dinâmico motivacional desenvolve simultaneamente com o signo, enquanto o objeto dinâmico estilistico e, de muitos modos, determinado pelos signos.
SANQ: A Simulation Framework for Architecting Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum Computing System.

To bridge the gap between limited hardware access and the huge demand for experiments for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing system study, a simulator which can capture the modeling of both the quantum processor and its classical control system to realize early-stage evaluation and design space exploration, is naturally invoked but still missing. This paper presents SANQ, a Simulation framework for Architecting NISQ computing system. SANQ consists of two components, 1) an optimized noisy quantum computing (QC) simulator with flexible error modeling accelerated by eliminating redundant computation, and 2) an architectural simulation infrastructure to construct behavior models for evaluating the control systems. SANQ is validated with existing NISQ quantum processor and control systems to ensure simulation accuracy. It can capture the variance on the QC device and simulate the timing behavior precisely (<1% and 10% error for various real control systems). Several potential applications are proposed to show that SANQ could benefit the future design of NISQ compiler, architecture, etc.
Development of a miRNA-seq based prognostic signature in lung adenocarcinoma.

We utilized miRNAs expression and clinical data to develop a prognostic signature for patients with lung adenocarcinoma, with respect to their overall survival, to identify high-risk subjects based on their miRNA genomic profile. MiRNA expressions based on miRNA sequencing and clinical data of lung adenocarcinoma patients (n = 479) from the Cancer Genome Atlas were randomly partitioned into non-overlapping Model (n = 320) and Test (n = 159) sets, respectively, for model estimation and validation. Among the ten miRNAs identified using the univariate Cox analysis, six from miR-8, miR-181, miR-326, miR-375, miR-99a, and miR-10, families showed improvement of the overall survival chance, while two miRNAs from miR-582 and miR-584 families showed a worsening of survival chances. The final prognostic signature was developed with five miRNAs—miR-375, miR-582-3p, miR-326, miR-181c-5p, and miR-99a-5p—utilizing a stepwise variable selection procedure. Using the KEGG pathway analysis, we found potential evidence supporting their significance in multiple cancer pathways, including non-small cell lung cancer. We defined two risk groups with a score calculated using the Cox regression coefficients. The five-year survival rates for the low-risk group was approximately 48.76% (95% CI = (36.15, 63.93)); however, it was as low as 7.50% (95% CI = (2.34, 24.01)) for the high-risk group. Furthermore, we demonstrated the effect of the genomic profile using the miRNA signature, quantifying survival rates for hypothetical subjects in different pathological stages of cancer. The proposed prognostic signature can be used as a reliable tool for identifying high-risk subjects regarding survival based on their miRNA genomic profile.
Maximal surface area of a convex set in Rn with respect to exponential rotation invariant measures

Abstract Let p be a positive number. Consider the probability measure γ p with density φ p ( y ) = c n , p e − | y | p p . We show that the maximal surface area of a convex body in R n with respect to γ p is asymptotically equivalent to C ( p ) n 3 4 − 1 p , where the constant C ( p ) depends on p only. This is a generalization of results due to Ball (1993) [1] and Nazarov (2003) [9] in the case of the standard Gaussian measure γ 2 .
Microstructure and microchemistry study of irradiation-induced precipitates in proton irradiated ZrNb alloys

Abstract Proton irradiation induced Nb redistribution in Zr-xNb alloys (x = 0.4, 0.5, 1.0 wt%) has been investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM/EDS). Zr-xNb alloys are mainly composed of Zr matrix, native Zr–Nb–Fe phases, and β-Nb precipitates. After 2 MeV proton irradiation at 350 °C, a decrease of Nb content in native precipitates, as well as irradiation-induced precipitation of Nb-rich platelets (135 ± 69 nm long and 27 ± 12 nm wide) were found. Nb-rich platelets and Zr matrix form the Burgers orientation relationship, [ 1 1 ¯ 1 ]//[ 2 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 0 ] and (011)//(0002). The platelets were found to be mostly coherent with the matrix with a few dislocations near the ends of the precipitate. The coherent strain field has been measured in the matrix and platelets by the 4D-STEM technique. The growth of Nb-rich platelets is mainly driven by coherency and dislocation-induced strain fields. Irradiation may both enhance the diffusion and induce segregation of interstitial Nb to the ends of the irradiation induced platelets, further facilitating their growth.
Sensor Coverage Control Using Robots Constrained to a Curve

In this paper we consider a constrained coverage control problem for a team of mobile robots. The robots are asked to provide sensor coverage over a two-dimensional domain, while being constrained to only move on a curve. The unconstrained coverage problem can be effectively solved by defining a locational cost to be minimized by the robots, in a decentralized fashion, using gradient descent. However, a direct projection of the solution to the unconstrained problem onto the curve may result in a very poor spatial allocation of the team within the two-dimensional domain. Therefore, we propose a modification to the locational cost, which incorporates the constraints, and a convex relaxation that allows us to efficiently minimize a convex approximation of the cost using a decentralized strategy. The resulting algorithm is implemented on a team of mobile robots.
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

This chapter will introduce the analyst to secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Ion beam sputtering, instrumentation, analytical considerations, and actual analyses with mass spectra, depth profiles, and ion imaging will be discussed from the perspective of the instrument user. The analytical considerations will include static and dynamic SIMS, mass resolution, and quantitative analysis. Analyses will include examples of significant issues in depth profiling such as depth resolution, dynamic range, detection limits, crater topography, crystal orientation, and matrix effects. As this book is focusing on a multidisciplinary approach to surface analysis, examples of how SIMS interacts with the analytical techniques of SEM, TEM, AFM, RBS, XRD, and AES/ESCA have been noted throughout this chapter.
Influence of Sn on Stability and Selectivity of Pt–Sn@UiO-66-NH2 in Furfural Hydrogenation

Bimetallic catalysts are gaining flourishing research interest due to their tunable electronic and geometric structure over monometallic catalysts. Herein, we prepare a series of Pt–Sn nanoparticle...
Therapy Fears and Help-Seeking Behaviors among Mothers: Examining Racial Differences in Mental Health Services.

In the United States, approximately 20% of children and adolescents meet diagnostic criteria for a mental health diagnosis, but few receive treatment. The purpose of the current study was to explore the factors that contribute to help-seeking among mothers from diverse ethnic groups (52.5% European American/White, 23% African American/Black, and 24.6% Latinx). Participants were 122 mothers recruited from 2014 to 2017 through a convenience sample in Central Texas. Using MANOVA, results indicated that mother with no history of therapy use reported more fears about seeking therapy for children. Additionally, there was a trend towards African American mothers reporting more fears about therapists’ responsiveness and image concerns. Finally, therapy fears significantly predicted mother’s intentions to delay seeking therapy in the future. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
New Tools for Implementing Evidence-Based Care for Serious Mental Illness.

More than 11 million adults in the United States have a serious mental illness. Outcomes for these illnesses are good when appropriate treatments are received; however, rates of delivery and utilization of evidence-based care for this population are moderate to low. This article introduces SMI Adviser, a national initiative, supported by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, to advance the use of evidence-based practices and delivery of patient-centered care for the population with serious mental illness. SMI Adviser offers free technical assistance to clinicians caring for this population through accredited educational opportunities, vetted resources, and on-demand consultations.
Network Clustering for Latent State and Changepoint Detection.

Network models provide a powerful and flexible framework for analyzing a wide range of structured data sources. In many situations of interest, however, multiple networks can be constructed to capture different aspects of an underlying phenomenon or to capture changing behavior over time. In such settings, it is often useful to cluster together related networks in attempt to identify patterns of common structure. In this paper, we propose a convex approach for the task of network clustering. Our approach uses a convex fusion penalty to induce a smoothly-varying tree-like cluster structure, eliminating the need to select the number of clusters a priori. We provide an efficient algorithm for convex network clustering and demonstrate its effectiveness on synthetic examples.
Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Management of Upper Gastrointestinal and Ulcer Bleeding.

GUIDELINE TITLE American College of Gastroenterology: Upper Gastrointestinal and Ulcer Bleeding RELEASE DATE: May 1, 2021 PRIOR VERSION(S): March 1, 2012 DEVELOPER: American College of Gastroenterology Practice Parameters Committee FUNDING SOURCE: American College of Gastroenterology TARGET POPULATION: Adult patients with overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Rat liver glutamyl ribonucleic acid synthetase. I. Purification and evidence for separate enzymes for glutamic acid and glutamine.

Abstract Glutamyl ribonucleic acid synthetase was purified approximately 150-fold from homogenates of rat liver to a specific activity of 60 mµmoles of glutamyl-RNA formed per min per mg of protein. The enzyme at this stage of purification was judged to be about 40% pure, but in a state of aggregation. Although the enzyme was quite stable to storage, it was very heat labile, and lost activity during its assay. The purified enzyme required Mg++, adenosine triphosphate, l-glutamate, and soluble RNA for activity. Evidence is presented for the existence of distinct enzymes for glutamyl-RNA and glutaminyl-RNA formation. A rapid method for obtaining pure soluble RNA from liver is also described.
Sexual function after surgery for prostate or bladder cancer

Background: Compromised sexual function is often a side effect for patients following radical surgical procedures for bladder or prostate cancer. Methods: The authors review the classification and physiology of sexual function and dysfunction. Moreover, they explain the possible pathophysiology directly resulting from surgery, and they discuss several approaches available to address these problems. Results: Options for male sexual dysfunction, primarily erectile dysfunction resulting from radical prostatectomy or surgery for bladder cancer, range from patient education to penile prosthesis implantation. Female sexual dysfunction caused by surgical intervention for bladder cancer includes problems with libido, arousal, orgasm, and dyspareunia. Treatment options for women can include sex therapy, hormonal therapy, and preventive strategies.. However, no consensus has been established on the most effective agents and time points to treat male or female sexual dysfunction following radical cystectomies or prostatectomies.The chronic intermittent treatment of erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy has been commonly referred to as penile rehabilitation. Conclusions: Additional research is needed to obtain further data concerning sexual dysfunction in both men and women following radical pelvic surgeries. Modification of surgical techniques, the use of various treatment modalities for sexual dysfunction, and the development of new agents will help to successfully minimize or prevent damage and restore normal sexual function after local surgical therapy for prostate or bladder cancer in the future. Strategies to prevent or minimize sexual dysfunction in patients following surgical therapy for prostate or bladder cancer are reviewed.
Cech, Thomas R

1947– American scientist who discovered that RNA can act as an enzyme. Keywords: DNA; catalytic RNA; telomerase; Nobel Prize
Up-regulation of micro-RNA765 in human failing hearts is associated with post-transcriptional regulation of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 and depressed contractility.

Aims Impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling and depressed contractility, a hallmark of human and experimental heart failure, has been partially attributed to increased protein phosphatase 1 (PP-1) activity, associated with down-regulation of its endogenous inhibitor-1. The levels and activity of inhibitor-1 are reduced in failing hearts, contributing to dephosphorylation and inactivation of key calcium cycling proteins. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms that mediate decreases in inhibitor-1 by post-transcriptional modification. Methods and Results Bioinformatics revealed that 17 human microRNAs may serve as modulators of inhibitor-1. However, real-time PCR analysis identified only one of these microRNAs, miR-765, as being increased in human failing hearts concomitant with decreased inhibitor-1 levels. Expression of miR-765 in HEK293 cells or mouse ventricular myocytes confirmed suppression of inhibitor-1 levels through binding of this miR-765 to the 3'-untranslated region of inhibitor-1 mRNA. To determine the functional significance of miR-765 in Ca2+ cycling, pri-miR-765 as well as a non-translated nucleotide sequence (miR-Ctrl) were expressed in adult mouse ventricular myocytes. The inhibitor-1 expression levels were decreased, accompanied by enhanced PP-1 activity in the miR-765 cardiomyocytes, and these reflected depressed contractile mechanics and Ca2+ transients, compared with the miR-Ctrl group. The depressive effects were associated with decreases in the phosphorylation of phospholamban and SR Ca2+ load. These miR-765 negative inotropic effects were abrogated in inhibitor-1-deficient cardiomyocytes, suggesting its apparent specificity for inhibitor-1. Conclusions miR-765 levels are increased in human failing hearts. Such increases may contribute to depressed cardiac function through reduced inhibitor-1 expression and enhanced PP-1 activity, associated with reduced SR Ca2+ load.
Roentgenologic findings in systemic lupus erythematosus; an analysis of 100 cases.

Abstract A five-membered radiographic constellation is characteristic of S.L.E.: (1) minimal bilateral fibrinous pleuritis; (2) ill-defined patches or linear bands or plaques in the lung bases; (3) fluctuation in the size and configuration of the heart; (4) slight enlargement of the spleen; (5) conspicuous lack of irreversible structural damage to the joints. The first four can be seen frequently on serial chest roentgenograms. Table IV is a statistical summary of these findings. IV . Organ or tissue involved Usual manifestation Per cent of patients found positive Pleura Pleuritis 74 Lung Pneumonitis 50 Heart Carditis 53 Spleen Slight enlargement 34 Joint Minimal osteoporosis 26
Adsorption of guaiacol on Fe (110) and Pd (111) from first principles

Abstract The catalytic properties of surfaces are highly dependent upon the effect said surfaces have on the geometric and electronic structure of adsorbed reactants, products, and intermediates. It is therefore crucial to have a surface-level understanding of the adsorption of the key species in a reaction in order to design active and selective catalysts. Here, we study the adsorption of guaiacol on Fe (110) and Pd (111) using dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations as both of these metals are of interest as hydrodeoxygenation catalysts for the conversion of bio-oils to useable biofuels. Both vertical (via the oxygen functional groups) and horizontal (via the aromatic ring) adsorption configurations were examined and the resulting adsorption and molecular distortion energies showed that the vertical sites were only physisorbed while the horizontal sites were chemisorbed on both metal surfaces. A comparison of guaiacol's horizontal adsorption on Fe (110) and Pd (111) showed that guaiacol had a stronger adsorption on Pd (111) while the Fe (110) surface distorted the C O bonds to a greater degree. Electronic analyses on the horizontal systems showed that the greater adsorption strength for guaiacol on Pd (111) was likely due to the greater charge transfer between the aromatic ring and the surface Pd atoms. Additionally, the greater distortion of the C O bonds in adsorbed guaiacol on Fe (110) is likely due to the greater degree of interaction between the oxygen and surface Fe atoms. Overall, our results show that the Fe (110) surface has a greater degree of interaction with the functional groups and the Pd (111) surface has a greater degree of interaction with the aromatic ring.
SU‐E‐I‐86: Evaluation of Segmentation Based Attenuation Correction Methods for PET/MR in the Thorax

Purpose: To compare and estimate the accuracy of different segmentation‐based approaches for attenuation correction of the thoracic PET data in PET/MR. Methods: PET/CT data were retrospectively collected from 26 patients who underwent whole‐body PET/CT scan. CT images of each patient were segmented into five categories, including air, lung, fat, soft tissue and bone, with a fast 3D fuzzy c‐means clustering algorithm. The mean CT numbers of different segments for each patient were measured. For the 20 patients who have legions found in the thorax, 4 sets of CTAC images were created according to the segmentation results, simulating the attenuation maps with four different approaches: 5‐class segmentation assigned with individually measured CT number (SFLAB) and with mean CT number of the 26 patients (SFLAB mean), 4‐class with mean CT number (SFLA mean) and 3‐class with mean CT number (SLA mean). Attenuation corrected PET images were generated with these CTAC images and compared to the original attenuation corrected PET images using the maximum SUV of 35 legions identified in the thorax, both inside and outside of the lung. Results: The mean/standard deviation of the measured CT number in the 26 patients are −703/58 (lung), −105/6 (fat), 37/8 (soft tissue) and 483/63 (bone), with air CT number = −1000. The maximum SUV differences in the 35 thoracic legions are −0.7%±3.2% (SFLAB), − 1.0%±5.0% (SFLAB mean), −4.0%±5.7% (SFLA mean) and 5.7%±6.3% (SLA mean), with p‐values being 0.2069, 0.2303, 1.752e10‐4 and 5.737e10‐6, respectively. Conclusion: 5‐class segmentation methods achieved the highest quantification accuracy of PET activity in the thorax. 4‐class method tends to under‐estimate while 3‐class method tends to over‐estimate the maximum SUV. Despite the simplicity of the approaches, segmentation‐based methods can achieve reasonably high accuracy in the quantification of thoracic PET data.
Evaluation of supercapacitor models for wireless sensor network applications

Supercapacitors are commonly used energy storage devices in wireless sensor network applications. Two supercapacitor models, the variable leakage resistance (VLR) model and the energy iteration equation (EIE) model, are evaluated by conducting charging-redistribution and self-discharge experiments for a sample supercapacitor, and by simulating a simplified solar powered wireless sensor node. Results show that the VLR model can accurately characterize different processes of supercapacitors. Although the EIE model works well for self-discharge, it has noticeable prediction deviation for charging-redistribution.
Medical malpractice in endourology: analysis of closed cases from the State of New York.

Purpose: Medical malpractice indemnity payments continue to rise, resulting in increased insurance premiums. We reviewed closed malpractice claims pertaining to endourological procedures with the goal of helping urologists mitigate their risk of lawsuit.Materials and Methods: All closed malpractice claims from 2005 to 2010 pertaining to endourological procedures filed against urologists insured by the Medical Liability Mutual Insurance Company of New York were examined. Claims were reviewed for plaintiff demographics, medical history, operative details, alleged complication, clinical outcome and lawsuit disposition.Results: A total of 25 closed claims involved endourological operations and of these cases 10 were closed with an indemnity payment. The average payout was $346,722 (range $25,000 to $995,000). Of the plaintiffs 16 were women and mean plaintiff age was 51.4 years. Cystoscopy with ureteral stent placement/exchange resulted in 13 lawsuits, ureteroscopic lithotripsy 8, percutaneous stone extractio...
Aspect mining from a modelling perspective

Aspect mining aims at identifying, analysing, and refactoring crosscutting concerns throughout a legacy system for the purpose of improving software modularisation. This paper presents our investigation into raising the benefits of aspect mining to high level domain-specific models. A key contribution is the capability to identify crosscutting concerns early in development, which will assist in the modularisation of a design through aspects, before proceeding to the implementation level. Furthermore, our experience has led us to believe that aspects are easier to identify at the modelling level, because much of the accidental complexities of implementation concerns are not present in the corresponding modelling abstractions.
Early detection of injury after nitrogen mustard (HN2) therapy: the radioiron disappearance rate as a dosimeter

Abstract The radioiron plasma disappearance rate was studied as a potential dosimetry system in 14 patients with terminal cancer given doses of HN2 up to 1·5 mg/kg. Results indicate this rate rises to a sharp maximum 72 hr after therapy, that it provides a linear dose-response relationship at high dose and reflects changes in individual sensitivity at law doses.
Comparison of discrimination and reproduction tests of children's perception.

A test of visual form discrimination independent of motor ability was constructed and compared to a test of visual-motor reproduction (adapted from the Geometric Design subtest of the WPPSI) to determine if the two were measuring the same processes. A correlational analysis was made between the numbers and kinds of errors occurring on the two tests when administered to 42 normal 5-yr.-old nursery school children. While results indicated that children who did well on the reproduction task also tended to do well on the discrimination test (r = −.55), there was little relationship between the kinds of mistakes made on the two tests, even though the same geometric figures were involved. Implications for the assessment of perceptual ability in young children are considered.
Steady state profiles in high bootstrap fraction tokamak discharges with reversed shear

Abstract Tokamaks often show improved core confinement when the magnetic shear in the central region is reversed. Furthermore tokamaks operating in a mode in which the current is mostly sustained by bootstrap current tend to naturally form reversed shear profiles. For a fixed heating profile the improved core confinement will cause the pressure profile to peak which effects the equilibrium through the bootstrap current term. We show that equilibria do not necessarily exist for tokamaks that have a high bootstrap current fraction and enhanced confinement in the reversed shear region.
A result on Dillion's conjecture in difference sets

Dillon has conjectured that any group of order2 2 d + 2 with a normal subgroup isomorphic to Z 2 d + 1 will have a difference set. He was able to show that this is true if the subgroup is central: this paper extends that idea to noncentral subgroups.
Microwave-assisted solid-phase Dötz benzannulation reaction: a facile synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted-1,4-naphthoquinones

A microwave-assisted solid-supported Dotz benzannulation of chromium carbene complexes with various alkynes has been developed. The oxidative cleavage of the resulting resin-bound 1,4-naphthols affords 2,3-disubstituted-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives in good to moderate yields with high purities.
A noise-based curriculum for technological fluency

General education curricula at many universities require students to take courses in wide ranging areas outside of their specific majors. Conspicuously missing from many of these curricula, however, are engineering and technology courses. As part of a program sponsored by our Office of Undergraduate Studies at the University of Utah, I am developing and delivering a new course that uses the notion of technological fluency [2002] as a starting point for a conversation about the role of technology and engineering in a general education curriculum. To position the course as an interesting choice for a wide variety of undergraduate students, I am developing the course to specifically introduce technological ideas through arts and music projects. Essentially this is a way to introduce students to computing and increase their technological fluency but through digital media projects rather than engineering projects. It is also a way to expand students' ideas about technology in the arts and how arts and technology interact in our modern world.One higher level goal of the project is to expand significantly the dialog related to the intersection of arts and technology, and how creative design thinking and engineering problem solving are complementary skills that all students need [2011]. I hope it will also serve as a catalyst for additional cross-disciplinary collaborations. The course is called Making Noise: Sound Art and Digital Media. It is listed under Undergraduate Studies as UGS2050, a lower division semester length course [2015].The course is project-based and includes the following components:• Reading and listening assignments for context.• Electromagnetic field recordings with inductive pickups.• Program-based sound generation with Arduino.• "Circuit bending" by re-purposing noise-making toys and modifying the electronics to make new sounds [2005].• Simple audio oscillator circuits using Schmitt-trigger-based components [2009].For their final project (3 weeks) the students use materials developed in the previous assignments in a project of their choice. Project ideas range from more involved hacking on toys, to electronic music compositions using the sound clips collected during the semester, to site-specific sound-art installations, to large assemblages of custom oscillator circuits, perhaps used as a live-performance instrument. The students propose their own final project either singly or in small teams, and the final projects are presented in public demonstration at the end of the semester.
Experiences of Depression and Illness Behavior in Patients with Intractable Chronic Pain.

Studied the relationships between depth of depression, anaclitic and introjective depressive experiences, and dimensions of illness behavior in 37 chronic pain patients. Depth of depression and degree of introjective depressive experiences showed similar positive covariation with a broad range of illness behavior: Namely, hypochondriasis, disease conviction, affective inhibition, affective disturbance, and irritability. The findings suggest that depression characterized by feelings of guilt, worthlessness, and self-doubt, rather than themes of abandonment, is associated differentially with disturbances in the illness behavior of chronic pain patients.
Chloride Ion Hydration and Diffusion in Supercritical Water Using a Polarizable Water Model

Chloride ion solvation in supercritical water is investigated by computer simulations, including water polarizability explicitly. Comparisons are made between the TIP4P fluctuating charge and the original TIP4P models. Particular attention is paid to the density dependence of the equilibrium structural and transport properties. The chloride ion hydration number slowly decreases with density reduction in a similar way for both the fluctuating charge and the fixed-charge water models. The diffusion coefficients for the two models also exhibit a similar density dependence, except at the lowest density examined (0.05 g/cm3), where the chloride ion diffusion rate in polarizable water is significantly larger than that in nonpolarizable water because of a more rapid loss of the hydration shell in polarizable water at the lowest density. The remarkable similarity between the two models is related to the insensitivity of the local polarization in the first hydration shell to the bulk conditions. The results also s...
Rhythmic activity induced by photic stimulation in relation to intrinsic alpha activity of the brain in man

Abstract The relationship between the response evoked in the occiput by slowly repeated photic stimuli and the dominant rhythmic activity in the EEG for this area has been studied in man with bipolar recordings from scalp electrodes. The response evoked by flash was determined by electronic averaging of a large number of single responses, and the frequency of the dominant rhythmic activity of the EEG was established by means of autocorrelation analysis. The results indicate a close relationship between the two phenomena, at least as far as their frequencies are concerned, and that the frequency of the after-discharge is not related harmonically to the flash frequency. The observations of earlier workers, from experiments with animals under anaesthesia, that these two types of activity are derived from similar neuronal systems is confirmed by the present studies with human subjects. It is suggested that the rhythmic sensory after-discharge, as well as the alpha rhythm, in man, is related primarily to non-specific rather than to specific sensory systems of the brain.
Plasma membrane aminoglycerolipid flippase function is required for signaling competence in the yeast mating pheromone response pathway

The class 4 P-type ATPases ("flippases") maintain membrane asymmetry by translocating phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine from the outer leaflet to the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, five related gene products (Dnf1, Dnf2, Dnf3, Drs2, and Neo1) are implicated in flipping of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylcholine. In MAT A: cells responding to α-factor, we found that Dnf1, Dnf2, and Dnf3, as well as the flippase-activating protein kinase Fpk1, localize at the projection ("shmoo") tip where polarized growth is occurring and where Ste5 (the central scaffold protein of the pheromone-initiated MAPK cascade) is recruited. Although viable, a MAT A: dnf1∆ dnf2∆ dnf3∆ triple mutant exhibited a marked decrease in its ability to respond to α-factor, which we could attribute to pronounced reduction in Ste5 stability resulting from an elevated rate of its Cln2⋅Cdc28-initiated degradation. Similarly, a MAT A: dnf1∆ dnf3∆ drs2∆ triple mutant also displayed marked reduction in its ability to respond to α-factor, which we could attribute to inefficient recruitment of Ste5 to the plasma membrane due to severe mislocalization of the cellular phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate pools. Thus proper remodeling of plasma membrane aminoglycerolipids and phosphoinositides is necessary for efficient recruitment, stability, and function of the pheromone signaling apparatus.
Ultraviolet and infrared spectra of cubic boron nitride

Abstract Ultraviolet absorption spectra of cubic boron nitride crystals indicate a minimum value for the band gap of 6.4 ± 0.5 eV. This value is in good agreement with a previously reported maximum value of 6.0 ± 0.5 eV obtained experimentally from soft X-ray spectra. Infrared absorption spectra differ significantly from previously published data.
The Securitization of Financial Identity and the Expansion of the Consumer Credit Industry

This article examines the efforts on the part of the retail banking and credit card industry to securitize identity during the period of economic activity that led to the financial crisis. The article examines how, during this period, these industries built an expansive network infrastructure and devoted considerable attention to developing ways of automatically identifying and tracking the individuals who accessed that network. Thanks significantly to this process, “identity” itself has come to be understood as a disembodied aggregate of transaction-generated data, a digital representation of the person constructed over time and space based on the perpetual collection of more data. It also has come tobe understood as something that needs to be secured, through both institutional and individual efforts, using techniques like fraud detection algorithms, vigilant self-monitoring of accounts, the adoption of identity theft protection services, and the integration of biometric technologies into documents and ...
The farm crisis is not over

As farm income establishes nominal records, optimism has returned to US agriculture. However, examination of the causes—declining farm expenses, high government payments, and high livestock profits—suggests foreboding. Target prices can decline under the 1985 Farm Bill, and livestock profits will decline as production expands. Compared with current values, farm profits could decline $10-$15 billion, farm asset values could decline 20–30%, and farm debt could decline 40–50%. These suggest the farm crisis is not over. Also, number of farms will likely decline due to declining prices; and forces supporting supply management may be strengthened.