cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The fish mouth and three-dimensional echocardiography: new technology catches an old problem.

Despite advances in antibiotic therapy aimed at preventing the valvular inflammation and distortion that is characteristic of rheumatic mitral valve disease, this condition continues to be a major health problem worldwide. For the past 25 years, echocardiography has played a crucial role in
Floquet systems coupled to particle reservoirs

Open quantum systems, when driven by a periodic field, can relax to effective statistical ensembles that resemble their equilibrium counterparts. We consider a class of problems in which a periodically driven quantum system is allowed to exchange both energy and particles with a thermal reservoir. We demonstrate that, even for noninteracting systems, effective equilibration to the grand canonical ensemble requires both fine tuning the system-bath coupling and selecting a sufficiently simple driving protocol. We study a tractable subclass of these problems in which the long-time steady state of the system can be determined analytically, and demonstrate that the system effectively thermalizes with fine tuning, but does not thermalize for general values of the system-bath couplings. When the driven system does not thermalize, it supports a tunable persistent current in the steady state without external bias. We compute this current analytically for two examples of interest: (1) a driven double quantum dot, where the current is interpreted as a dc electrical current, and (2) driven Dirac fermions in graphene, where it is interpreted as a valley current.
Venous extravasation and polymethylmethacrylate pulmonary embolism following fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty:

Percutaneous vertebroplasty has gained widespread popularity and demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of spinal osteoporotic compression fractures and pathologic osteolytic lesions. Despite its rapid pain relief and safety, this minimally invasive intervention has exhibited some rare complications over the past decade. In this case study, we describe a patient with an uncommon complication of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement pulmonary embolism following fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty for treatment of pain associated with an osteoporotic vertebral fracture. We present this case to highlight that vertebroplasty is not risk-free and that knowledge of such potentially severe complication is necessary for prevention and optimal operative outcomes.
Devil's Wake: Early-stage bone colonization by breast cancer.

We recently discovered that bone micrometastases of breast cancer predominantly reside in the microenvironment termed the “osteogenic niche”. The heterotypic adherens junctions between cancer cells and osteogenic cells promote early-stage bone colonization by activating the mTOR pathway in cancer cells. Here, we discuss a few questions raised by these findings.
258 DETERMINANTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETARY COUNSELING BY PHYSICIANS AT A LARGE LOW-INCOME CLINIC IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY.

Purpose Studies have shown that the burden of chronic disease due to poor diet and physical inactivity falls disproportionately on the underserved. Although brief physician counseling have demonstrated efficacy for reducing these modifiable risk behaviors, little is known about factors that influence the receipt of these services in the low-income clinic setting. This study addresses this scientific gap. Methods A 94-question, multiple-item Patient Health Assessment Survey was distributed to 475 adult patients at four clinic sites within the Venice Family Clinic (VFC) system. The survey was administered to selected participants from November 2005 to January 2006 in the waiting room of each clinic. The instrument collected information on patient demographics, self-reported health risk behaviors, and receipt of various lifestyle-counseling services. Statistical analyses were performed using the STATA 9.0 statistical software package. Results Adult patients who were more likely to receive physical activity counseling included individuals who ate a relatively healthier diet, earned an annual income of over $38,000, were overweight/obese, and whose native language was Spanish. Similarly, adult patients who were more likely to receive dietary counseling included individuals who ate a relatively healthier diet, were female, were physically active, and whose native language was Spanish. Adult patients who were less likely to receive physical activity and dietary counseling had substance use problems, such as excess alcohol use and drug abuse. Adult patients9 chronic disease status, defined specifically in this study as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and depression, did not influence the receipt of either physical activity or dietary counseling. Conclusion Clinic-based interventions targeting physical activity and dietary behaviors should tailor their designs to addressing clinical and socioeconomic factors that influence the receipt of counseling services in the low-income clinic setting.
Online Communication of Obstetric Hospital Websites: Analyzing Presence and Absence to Rethink Audience

This study is an analysis of seven obstetric websites. Through rhetorical theory and the framework of presence and absence, I demonstrate that by limiting the audience to expectant mothers and not including fathers, these websites do little to inform fathers who are physically and emotionally a part of the birth experience. Furthermore, the absence of fathers as audience promotes outdated gender roles and demonstrates that these websites have failed to evolve in a modern context. By the end of this presentation, conference participants will see how rhetorical theory serves to reveal gaps on hospital websites. These gaps mean only one side of a birthing narrative is communicated to expectant couples. Conference participants will see the benefits of analyzing audience and including a complete or universal audience when designing online communication.
‘GA 03564-12E6’: A high-yielding soft red winter wheat cultivar adapted to Georgia and the southeastern regions of the United States

Soft red winter wheat (SRWW) (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop in the southeastern region of the United States and in Georgia. Although wheat acreages have been decreasing in Georgia and the SE region in recent years, more than 100,000 ha were grown to SRWW in 2015. Newly released cultivars must have high yield potential, excellent resistance levels to predominant diseases and insects, and good quality to capture and maximize regional market value. One objective of the SRWW breeding program at the University of Georgia (UGA) is to develop and release SRWW cultivars adapted to the SE wheat region with high yield, quality, and pest resistance. ‘GA 03564-12E6’ (Reg. No. CV-1122, PI 677366) SRWW was developed by the UGA small grains breeding program and the SUNGRAINS cooperative and released by the UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and licensed to Limagrain Cereal Seeds as L11544 in 2015. GA 03564-12E6 was released primarily for its wide adaptation to the SE region with high grain yield, excellent Hessian fly resistance, and excellent grain volume weight. Additionally, GA 03564-12E6 has good resistance to races of leaf rust and stripe rust predominant in Georgia and the SE United States. It has good resistance to powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) and Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus and has acceptable SRWW milling and baking quality. However, it is susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch].
Performance Modeling, Analysis, and Optimization of Cell-List Based Molecular Dynamics.

We have developed a performance prediction model for non-bonded interaction computations in molecular dynamics simulations, thereby predicting the optimal cell dimension in a linked-list cell method. The model expresses computation time in terms of the number and unit computation time of key operations. The model accurately estimates the number of operations during the simulations with the maximum standard error of 10.6% compared with actual measurements. Then, the unit computation times of the operations are obtained by bisquare regression. Analysis of this model reveals that the optimal cell dimension to minimize the computation time is determined by a trade-off between decreasing search space and increasing linked-list cell access for smaller cells. The model predicts the optimal cell dimension correctly for 80% of all tested cases, resulting in an average speedup of 10% and 52% for the cutoff radius of interaction, 6.6 and 10.0 A, respectively.
Mesh cruroplasty in laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernias is not associated with better long-term outcomes compared to primary repair.

Abstract Background Equipoise still exists regarding routine mesh cruroplasty during laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia (PEH). We aimed to determine whether selective mesh cruroplasty is associated with differences in recurrence and patient-reported outcomes. Methods We compared symptom outcomes (n = 688) and radiographic recurrences (n = 101; at least 10% [or 2 cm] of stomach above hiatus) for 795 non-emergent PEH repair with fundoplication (n = 106 with mesh). Results Heartburn, regurgitation, epigastric pain, and anti-reflux medication use decreased significantly in both groups while postoperative dysphagia (mesh; p = 0.14), and bloating (non-mesh; p = 0.32), were unchanged. Radiographic recurrence rates were similar (15 mesh [22%] versus 86 non-mesh [17%]; p = 0.32; median 27 [IQR 14, 53] months), but was associated with surgical dissatisfaction (13% vs 4%; p = 0.007). Conclusions Selective mesh cruroplasty was not associated with differences in symptom outcomes or radiographic recurrence rates during laparoscopic PEH repair. Radiographic recurrence was associated with dissatisfaction, emphasizing the need for continued focus on reducing recurrences.
How Cassini can constrain tidal dissipation in Saturn

Tidal dissipation inside giant planets is important for the orbital evolution of their natural satellites. It is conventionally treated by parametrized equilibrium tidal theory, in which the tidal torque declines rapidly with distance, and orbital expansion was faster in the past. However, some Saturnian satellites are currently migrating outward faster than predicted by equilibrium tidal theory. Resonance locking between satellites and internal oscillations of Saturn naturally matches the observed migration rates. Here, we show that the resonance locking theory predicts dynamical tidal perturbations to Saturn's gravitational field in addition to those produced by equilibrium tidal bulges. We show that these perturbations can likely be detected during Cassini’s proximal orbits if migration of satellites results from resonant gravity modes, but will likely be undetectable if migration results from inertial wave attractors or dissipation of the equilibrium tide. Additionally, we show that the detection of gravity modes would place constraints on the size of the hypothetical stably stratified region in Saturn.
Entrant Growth and the Network of Interfirm Mobility in the Foreign Exchange Industry

In this paper we examine how personnel flows from incumbents to entrants affect entrant growth after a significant break in the rules governing competition in an industry. We argue that the time-varying network of personnel mobility between incumbents measures how technical knowledge and social resources are distributed among them. Consequently, where the prior employers of personnel are located in the incumbent network should determine the quality of knowledge these hires bring to an entrant and thus their contribution to the entrant's growth. We analyze the time-varying mobility network among incumbents in terms of its global structure and in terms of the local structure surrounding each entering firm. Our analysis shows that the global structure converges over time to a stable core and periphery pattern, which can be considered emergent in Bearman's (1997) definition. Entrant employees with job histories in the core significantly decrease the entrant's growth rate, whereas employees from the periphery increase growth. Also, entrants that occupy structural holes in the local network grow faster. The industry studied is foreign exchange trading among commercial banks from 1973 to 1993.
Pushing at the Edge of Maximum Manageable Complexity: The Case of ‘Trial Online’ in Italy

Since 2000, Trial OnLine (TOL) is a typical nationwide e-filing project aiming at managing, in a comprehensive way, documents and communications of all civil trial proceedings through digital solutions. Even though it was expected that in 2005 more than 50 courts would have taken advantage of TOL’s applications, at the end of 2006 only one application (payment order) was in use and only in one court: the Tribunal of Milan. Now the situation is changed and some other online civil proceedings are progressively spreading. In this chapter, the reasons behind this deep change are investigated. The understanding of the great complexity of legal, technological, organizational, and institutional domains involved in TOL project development has been the goal of our analysis. The simplification of the technological architecture, the modification of the legal framework for promoting legally viable ICT-based practices, and, above all, a close collaboration between courts and bar associations in facilitating user access to e-justice are considered the main factors for the revitalization of TOL when project failure was around the corner.
Management of Dieulafoy’s Lesions

In 1884 Gallard wrote the first description of a patient with a Dieulafoy’s lesion [1]. The lesion’s name, however, comes from Paul Georges Dieulafoy (1839–1911), a professor of pathology at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris. In 1898 Dieulafoy described several patients with fatal GI hemorrhage and a bleeding gastric vessel without associated ulceration [2,3]. He named the lesion exulceratio simplex. Other names and descriptions can also be found in the literature and include gastric aneurysm, caliber-persistent artery, cirsoid aneurysm, and submucosal arterial malformation.
Relationships among Various Body Components of Mature Cows

Mature (9-yr-old), nonpregnant, nonlactating Angus X Hereford and the reciprocal cross (AHX, 12), Charolais X Angus or Hereford (CX, 11), Jersey X Angus or Hereford (JX, 11) and Simmental X Angus or Hereford (SX, 12) cows that had been fed either a low (112 kcal X kg-.75 X d-1), medium (178 kcal X kg-.75 X d-1) or high (ad libitum) level of metabolizable energy (ME) intake for 140 d were used to evaluate relationships among various body components. Live weight, hip height, backfat and condition score were determined on d 140. Before slaughter, each cow was infused with deuterium oxide (D2O; .25 g/kg live weight) and serial blood samples were taken. Traits evaluated after slaughter were hot weight of each carcass half, hide weight, viscera weight, longissimus muscle area, fat thickness, kidney, pelvic and heart fat percentage and marbling score. Offal and carcass chemical compositions were determined and empty body composition was calculated. Moderate to high (R2 = .82 to .97) coefficients of determination were obtained when weight of empty body chemical components were regressed on live animal or carcass cooler measures. Correlations between percentage carcass or empty body water and percentage of fat, fat-free organic matter or energy, or between amount of carcass or empty body water and amount of fat-free organic matter were high (R2 = .83 to .99). Weight of carcass or empty body water was not highly related (R2 = .05 to .22) to the total amount of fat or energy. Similar results were obtained when amount of empty body components were regressed on D2O spaces alone. Inclusion of empty body weight (or live weight) in equations relating D2O spaces to weight of the empty body or chemical components resulted in R2 values of .86 to .99. Carcass composition, as expected, was more highly related to empty body composition than was offal composition. Empty body composition was not highly related to empty body weight.
Undocumented Youth and Local Contours of Inequality

About 2.1 million undocumented immigrants are members of the 1.5-generation, meaning they arrived in the United States as children and remain without legal permission. The experiences of the undocumented 1.5-generation have captured the sociological imagination, and research about undocumented immigrant youth is a burgeoning and exciting field of study. This research captures both the challenges that immigrant youth face growing up undocumented in the United States, and also how they are responding to these challenges. This chapter draws from two different studies examining the experiences of undocumented youth in the United States, in order to understand this group’s conflicting experiences of illegality and belonging. The data presented in this chapter suggests that there are two key axes of educational stratification within the undocumented youth community. The first is among those who complete high school and attend college vs those who are considered early exiters, young people who leave K–12 schools at or before high school graduation. Relatedly, the second axis of stratification is connected to where undocumented youth grow up and live. Ultimately, we show that as undocumented young people make critical transitions from childhood to adolescence and young adulthood, their immigration status is a central impediment to their hopes and dreams. Almost as consequential, the resources and practices of their school districts and the policies of their states condition their post high school lives.
STRUCTURE OF ACTIVATED CARBONS AND ADSORPTION FROM SOLUTION

A few groups of experimental lignite carbons, made under similar or identical activation conditions, were found to have closely related pore distributions. Total porosities, surface areas and mean pore radii covered moderate ranges of values. For these carbons, adsorption of relatively small molecules (e.g. methylene blue) is roughly proportional to B.E.T. surface area. Decolorization of molasses is not simply related to B.E.T. area, but is favored by relatively coarse pore structure. There is no evidence that a critical pore diameter exists for adsorption of colorant from molasses. The area per molecule of adsorbed methylene blue in these experiments is close to that reported by Graham. An estimate is made of the surface area associated with the reduction of one permanganate ion.
DeltaVR: achieving high-performance mobile VR dynamics through pixel reuse

Virtual Reality (VR) improves the user's experience when interacting with the virtual world, and could revolutionarily transform the designs of many interactive systems. However, providing VR from untethered mobile devices is difficult due to their limited local capabilities. Existing VR solutions address this difficulty by rendering VR frames at remote computing facilities, but are limited to rendering every VR frame separately. A tremendous amount of VR frame data, hence, needs to be transmitted to mobile devices over low-bandwidth wireless links and seriously impairs VR performance. In this paper, we aim to remove this performance constraint on highly dynamic VR applications with complicated scenes and intensive user movement, by adaptively reusing the redundant VR pixels across multiple VR frames. We leverage the unique characteristics of image warping used in current VR applications, and fundamentally expand the scope of image warping to the entire VR lifespan to precisely capture the fluctuations of VR scene due to VR dynamics. We implemented our design over Android OS and Unity VR application engine, and demonstrated that our design can maximize the mobile VR performance over highly dynamic VR scenarios with 95% less amount of VR frame data being transmitted, by completely removing the pixel redundancy across VR frames.
A positivity preserving adaptive moving mesh method for cancer cell invasion models

Abstract In this paper, we present an efficient adaptive moving mesh finite difference method for the modeling of early stage cancer cell invasion of tissue or extracellular matrix (ECM). The cancer cell invasion model is a nonlinear system of reaction–diffusion-taxis partial differential equations (PDEs) describing the time evolution of the cancer cells density and concentrations of proteins of the ECM. The solution of the model exhibits very rapid variations at the boundary of the healthy and cancer cells. Thus, using a uniform grid method to solve the cancer cell invasion model requires a very large number of grid points in order to resolve the steep gradients of the solution precisely. As a result, the computation can become prohibitively expensive and inefficient. In this effort, we propose a positivity preserving scheme for the spatial discretization of the model on an adaptive mesh to accurately capture the sharp structures of the solution. The adaptive mesh is generated by a coordinate transformation obtained as the solution of the optimal mass transfer problem. Several numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the performance of the adaptive mesh method for solving the cancer cell invasion model. The numerical results show that the proposed adaptive mesh method is effective in capturing and predicting the correct behavior of the cancer cells movement within the ECM.
Student Affairs Practitioners' Leadership on behalf of Undocumented College Students in the USA

The United States is considered a country of immigrants that has historically hosted people from all over the world. Oftentimes, immigrants struggle to find and shape an American identity, especially when it comes to undocumented youth (Gonzales, 2008). New waves of immigrants to this country trigger feelings of fear concerning the loss of national identity and the lack of cultural incompatibility (Kim & Diaz, 2013a). In this sense, the emergence of anti-immigration attitudes has been in the political, social, and economic agenda over the last years. As a result, postsecondary institutions have been constantly looking for accomplishing social progress and growth (McDermott, 1973); however, there are still gaps to fill in at institutions with respect to create a welcome atmosphere and campus-wide acceptance for all students. In particular, undocumented students which the National Immigration Law Center defined as “a foreign national who: (1) entered the United States without inspection or with fraudulent documents; or (2) entered legally as a nonimmigrant but then violated the terms of his or her status and remained in the United States without authorization” (as cited in Educators for Fair Consideration, 2019) face socioeconomic and institutional barriers. Therefore, it deems necessary to find appropriate services and allocate resources that help undocumented students cope with difficulties concerning both their college adjustment and personal struggles reaching a holistic development (Gildersleeve &Ranero, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to address the topic of undocumented students as it relates to their college persistence. In particular, four leadership theories help highlight the important role of student affairs practitioners to become advocates and seek social justice for this unique student population. The organization of the manuscript encompasses the following sections. First, a brief literature review concerning federal and state legislation on undocumented students is presented. Then, an overview of student affairs practitioners’ importance to promote a positive college climate and better serve this student population is addressed. The aforementioned section includes four leadership theories, which student affairs professionals could adopt. Next, an outline addressing the social justice aspect on behalf of undocumented students is introduced. Finally, a section covering recommendations for student affairs professionals is proposed yielding the conclusion.
Aiming Further: Addressing the Need for High-Quality Longitudinal Research in Education

AbstractTheories regarding the long-term effects of educational interventions are often assumed, but rarely tested using experimental methods. In the following commentary, we argue that the shortag...
Experimental applications of the koopman operator in active learning for control

Experimentation as a setting for learning demands adaptability on the part of the decision-making system. It is typically infeasible for agents to have complete a priori knowledge of an environment, their own dynamics, or the behavior of other agents. In order to achieve autonomy in robotic applications, learning must occur incrementally, and ideally as a function of decision-making by exploiting the underlying control system. Most artificial intelligence techniques are ill suited for experimental settings because they either lack the ability to learn incrementally or do not have information measures with which to guide their learning. This chapter examines the Koopman operator, its application in active learning, and its relationship to alternative learning techniques, such as Gaussian processes and kernel ridge regression. Additionally, examples are provided from a variety of experimental applications of the Koopman operator in active learning settings.
Use of close range photogrammetry in James Webb Space Telescope alignment testing under cryogenic conditions

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) cryogenic testing required measurement systems that both obtain a very high degree of accuracy and can function in that environment. Close-range photogrammetry was identified as meeting those criteria. Extensive modeling prior to installation verified that the design would meet the desired accuracy goals. Extensive validation work was done to ensure that the actual as-built system met accuracy and repeatability requirements. The simulated image data predicted the uncertainty in measurement to be within specification and this prediction was borne out experimentally. Uncertainty at all levels of a measurement volume that comprised 8 × 8 m was verified experimentally to be <0.1 mm with a repeatability of <0.03 mm at the primary mirror (PM) level, achieving measurement accuracies on par with a laser tracker or radar system. During a 3-month Optical Telescope Element and Integrated Science Instrument Module thermal vacuum test performed in chamber A at Johnson Space Center, the photogrammetric system provided key data to allow for verification of actuator ranges needed for on-orbit alignment of JWST, alignment of the PM and secondary mirror (SM), and positional information needed for thermal model verification.
Evaluating the effect of variable fiber content on mechanical properties of additively manufactured continuous carbon fiber composites

Fiber volume fraction is a driving factor in mechanical properties of composites. Micromechanical models are typically used to predict the effective properties of composites with different fiber vo...
Probiotic and synbiotic in broiler diet: performance and Enterobacteriaceae

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotics and synbiotics on the performance and Enterobacteriaceae count of broiler chickens. A total of 640 one-day-old male broiler chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replicates with 20 birds each. The treatments were: ration with performance enhancer (zinc bacitracin; positive control); ration without performance enhancer and probiotic/synbiotic (negative control); ration with probiotics; and ration with synbiotics. At 35 days, five birds from each treatment were euthanized and intestinal contents were harvested for determining the Enterobacteriaceae count. The performance data and average colony-forming units (CFUs) transformed as log CFU/g were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. The effects of probiotics and synbiotics were observed in the initial phase, with supplemented birds exhibiting comparable weight gain to those supplemented with bacitracin. No effect of the treatment on broiler performance was observed after 42 days. The enterobacterial count was comparable among all experimental treatments. Supplementation with probiotics and synbiotics did not compromise the performance of broilers and did not alter the Enterobacteriaceae count.
Assessing the Quality of Democratic Deliberation: A Case Study of Public Deliberation on the Ethics of Surrogate Consent for Research

"Deliberative democracy" is an increasingly popular method for soliciting public input on health care policies. There are a number of ways of organizing deliberative democracy (DD) sessions, but they generally involve gathering a group of citizens, supplying them with information relevant to the policy in question, giving them time to interact with each other and with experts in the policy area, and collecting their informed and considered opinions. As the method has become more widely used, some have questioned the quality of the public input it generates. Although theorists of DD agree that "good" input - i.e., input that is the product of careful and thorough reflection - is an essential aspect of useful and effective deliberation, few have actually measured the quality of deliberative sessions. As part of a DD project organized to help guide policies on the morally complex question of allowing surrogate permission to enroll persons with dementia in medical research, we developed and tested measures of "quality of deliberation." After a brief discussion of the substantive results of our research - survey data from participants in the DD sessions and control groups showed a significant change in participants' attitudes toward surrogate consent - we examine the process by which this change occurred, describing and assessing the characteristics of our DD sessions. We use both quantitative and qualitative data from our DD sessions, conducted in southeastern Michigan, United States, to examine four dimensions of the quality of deliberation: 1) equal participation by all members of the session, 2) respect for the opinions of others, 3) a willingness to adopt a societal perspective on the issue in question (rather than a focus on what is best for participants as individuals), and 4) reasoned justification of one's positions. We demonstrate that DD can be reliably used to elicit opinions of the public and show how analysis of the quality of deliberations can offer insight into the ways opinions about ethical dilemmas are formed and changed.
The Importance of Assessing Impairment Associated With Limited Prosocial Emotions.

Abstract Limited prosocial emotions (LPE) are characterized by a lack of remorse or guilt, callousness/lack of empathy, being unconcerned about performance, and shallow/deficient affect. While previous research has largely focused on the presence or absence of LPE in youth, there is considerable evidence that symptom presence/absence and symptom impairment are separable dimensions, where impairment often is found to play a significant, unique role in assessing child psychopathology. The current study utilized a newly developed questionnaire with the purpose of exploring its psychometric properties and better understand the dual and potentially differential role LPE symptom presence and LPE-related impairment have in youth. Mothers (n = 265) of children (Mage = 8.04, SD = 2.07) completed questionnaires assessing LPE impairment, LPE symptoms, externalizing disorder symptoms, and functional impairment. Results demonstrated strong support for the psychometric properties of the newly developed measure of LPE impairment. Importantly, LPE-related impairment uniquely predicted all impairment domains above-and-beyond the effects of LPE symptoms, oppositional defiant disorder, and CD symptoms (as well as child age and sex covariates). Moreover, youth in the top 25th percentile on both LPE symptoms and LPE-related impairment (compared to youth only in the top 25th percentile in LPE symptoms) had greater mean externalizing symptoms and functional impairment. The preliminary evidence provided suggests researchers and clinicians may benefit from assessing both LPE symptoms and LPE-related impairment when attempting to identify youth with high levels of conduct problem symptoms and/or psychosocial impairment. Future research should aim to replicate and expand our findings to other clinical populations.
Variations in Substance Use and Disorders Among Sexual Minorities by Race/Ethnicity

Little is known about racial/ethnic minority substance use and disorder-related disparities among sexual minorities as compared to their heterosexual counterparts. This study aimed to understand th...
Role of Voice Therapy in Adherence to Voice Rest After Office-Based Vocal Fold Procedures.

Purpose Patients undergoing vocal fold procedures significantly reduce but often do not cease voice use during absolute postprocedure voice rest. We hypothesized that patients who completed preproc...
Transcriptome foundations of choline and acetate uptake in prostate cancer

1572 Objectives C-11 choline and C-11 acetate are promising PET tracers for prostate cancer evaluation. However, the molecular basis of increased choline and acetate uptake in prostate cancer has not been comprehensively assessed. We examined the RNA transcriptomes of prostate cancer vs. normal prostate using microarray approaches with special emphasis on choline and acetate metabolic pathways. Methods 69 cancer and 20 normal prostate tissues transcriptomes from prostate cancer study (GSE6956) was selected from the public GEO dataset. Affy U133A 2.0 chips were used (14,500 well characterized genes). After RMA normalization, Spotfire software analysis was performed. Each volume change of major metabolic pathways was estimated with Chi square test using Stata software. Results Comparing gene profiles of cancer with normal tissues, 10 out of 37 probesets in choline metabolism were up, and 3 probesets down in the cancer group. The balance of the change shifted to increase the volume. 7 of 34 fatty acid synthesis probesets in prostate cancer were up and 1 down. In TCA pathway, 5 out of 54 probesets were up and 6 down in prostate cancer. Conclusions The transcriptomes of prostate cancer show significant increases in the choline metabolism and fatty acid synthesis pathways vs normal prostate cells. These findings are likely causal for the high accumulation of radiolabeled acetate and choline in this type of cancer in patients as imaged by PET.
Abstract 16877: Correlation of Antibody Binding Strength to Complement Fixation

Background: In patients (pts) who are highly sensitized, desensitization therapy is commonly applied to reduce antibody (Abs) load and to reduce potential morbidity and mortality following heart transplant (HTx). It is not known as to what level of antibody binding is needed to initiate desensitization therapy. It is believed that high binding Abs may have the ability to fix complement and lead to cytotoxicity. Methods: Between 2011 and 2012 we assessed 13 highly sensitized pts who were noted to have standardized fluorescence intensity (SFI) >100,000 pretransplant. A complement binding assay (C1q binding assay) was then applied to these Abs to assess for a correlation of binding to cytotoxicity. Correlation statistics were used to derive significance between higher antibody binding and capacity to bind complement. Results: There seems to be no correlation between the different binding strength and C1q positivity. However, when evaluating Luminex 1:8 test, there seems to be correlation between class I binding strength with C1q positivity. There was C1q positive rate of 10.8% in SFI 200,000 range. ![][1] Conclusions: Undiluted antibodies do not correlate to C1q binding ability. However the 1:8 dilution test seems to provide an better prediction of complement binding. 1:8 dilutions should be performed to accurately assess the ability for antibodies to bind complement. [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Cellular catabolism of normal very low density lipoproteins via the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein/alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor is induced by the C-terminal domain of lipoprotein lipase.

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) binds to the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)/alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor and induces catabolism of normal human very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) via LRP in vitro. Recent studies showed that the C-terminal domain of LPL can bind LRP in solid phase assays and inhibit cellular catabolism of two LRP ligands, activated alpha 2-macroglobulin and the 39-kDa receptor-associated protein (Williams, S.E., Inoue, I., Tran, H., Fry, G. L., Pladet, M.W., Iverius, P.-H., Lalouel, J.-M., Chappell, D.A., and Strickland, D.K. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 8653-8658). The current study investigated the potential for this region of LPL to promote cellular catabolism of VLDL via LRP. A fragment comprising the C-terminal domain of LPL (designated LPLC) was expressed in bacteria and found to promote cellular binding, uptake, and degradation of normal human VLDL in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were present whether LPLC was added simultaneously with 125I-VLDL or was prebound to cell surfaces prior to the assay. Mutations involving Lys407, Trp393, Trp394, or deletion of the C-terminal 14 residues reduced the effects of LPLC. Three LRP-binding proteins, the receptor-associated protein, lactoferrin, and a polyclonal antibody against LRP, competed for 125I-VLDL degradation induced by LPLC. Heparin or heparinase treatment of cells prevented LPLC-induced 125I-VLDL catabolism. Thus, cell-surface proteoglycans play an important role in this pathway. Interestingly, either LPLC or LPL when added in excess could block LPL-induced 125I-VLDL degradation presumably by interacting directly with LRP. However, unlabeled VLDL could not prevent catabolism of 125I-labeled LPLC or LPL. These data show that cellular fates for VLDL versus LPLC or LPL are divergent. This is probably due to independent catabolism of the latter via cell-surface proteoglycans. In summary, these in vitro studies indicate that a fragment of LPL corresponding to the C-terminal domain mimics the native enzyme with respect to induction of VLDL catabolism via LRP. Because LPLC lacks the catalytic site of native LPL, these studies establish that lipase activity is not required for LRP-mediated lipoprotein catabolism.
Bringing Psychiatric Aides into the Treatment Team

Although responsible for most of the patient care in long-term care facilities, the aides are typically not a part of the treatment team, resulting in poor morale and delivery of inadequate care (Stein et al., 1986). The Veterans Administration ITTG Model was adopted in this study, during 12 weekly training sessions, in an attempt to increase aid involvement with the team. The aides trained with the ITTG scored significantly higher than a comparison group on a post-training test. Their attendance at team meetings also increased by 60%. The issue of furthering aides involvement in the treatment team, and future research directions are discussed.
Evaluation of Silicon-on-Ceramic Material for Low-Cost Solar Cells

In silicon-on-ceramic (SOC) solar cells, the short-circuit current is less than that of single crystal solar cells because of (1) recombination at the grain boundaries and (2) recombination within grains. These two effects can be separated by light-beam-induced-current (LBIC) measurements of the short-circuit current using a finely-focused scanned beam from a monochromator. At any point on the surface of a cell, an effective minority carrier diffusion length can be determined from the spectral response at long wavelengths (0.8 to 1.0 μm). At each grain boundary, an effective surface recombination velocity can be determined. The LBIC technique was used to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrogen plasma treatment for reducing grain boundary recombination in SOC material.
Contributions to a computer-based theory of strategies

This monograph gives a systematic overview of the theory of strategies, a new area of enquiry developed over the past two decades by the author and his team. The projects described have clearly defined research objectives and are based on plausible and realistic assumptions about the environment in which the programming systems will work, and about the constraints and requirements they have to satisfy. The resulting systems are fairly general purpose as well as robust with regard to the assumptions made. The applications of the different systems range over various aspects of air traffic control, automatic verification and validation of discrete-event simulation models, econometric model building, distributed planning systems for manufacturing, control of traffic lights, and others. The book is aimed at researchers, teachers and students in computer science, management science and certain areas of engineering. The reader should have a certain level of maturity in computer science and mathematics, and some familiarity with the basic concepts of artificial intelligence.
Biotin transport in basolateral membrane vesicles of human intestine

Abstract The characteristics of the exit process of biotin from the enterocyte, i.e., transport across the basolateral membrane, was determined using an enriched basolateral membrane vesicle preparation of human intestine. Purity and suitability of basolateral membrane vesicles for transport studies was confirmed by enzymatic and functional criteria. Orientation of human basolateral membrane vesicles was determined by [ 3 H]ouabain binding studies and was found to be 64% inside-out vesicles and the rest right-side-out vesicles and membrane sheets. Osmolarity studies indicated that the uptake of biotin by these vesicles represents transport into the intravesicular compartment, with little binding to membrane surfaces. The rate of biotin transport was linear for ~40 s but decreased thereafter. Transport of biotin was (a) Na + -independent, (b) saturable as a function of concentration, with an apparent K M of 1.1 μM and V max of 0.9 pmol/mg protein · 15 s, (c) inhibited by structural analogues (desthiobiotin and biotin methyl ester) and related compounds (thioctic acid and thioctic amide), and (d) stimulated by inducing a positive intravesicular electrical potential. These studies are the first to demonstrate the existence of a carrier-mediated transport system for biotin in the basolateral membrane of human intestine.
A miniature PHEMT switched-LNA for 800 MHz to 8.0 GHz handset applications

A powerful monolithic integrated switched-LNA utilizing advanced pseudomorphic GaAs has been developed. The Swt-LNA covers 800 MHz to 8000 MHz but the primary application focus is 800 MHz to 2500 MHz. In gain mode the Swt-LNA operates on a single 3V supply and the current (thus output IP3) can be adjusted from 5 to 60 mA (input IP3=+1 to +15 dBm). The Swt-LNA provides a typical 1.4 dB noise figure and 14 dB gain. When the current control pin sets the LNA to 0 mA, the Swt-LNA goes automatically into bypass mode. Bypass mode has typically 2 dB loss and +35 dBm IIP3. The IC is packaged in a low cost 2 mm sq. SOT-343 plastic package. This Swt-LNA provides smaller size, lower NF, wider bandwidth, and easier usage than previously reported, similar products.
Fiber DFB lasers as oscillators for high-power MOPA systems

Summary form only given. Fiber Bragg grating distributed feedback (DFB) lasers in Er:silica have been demonstrated in recent years, and are now commercial products for telecom wavelengths. Some DFB lasers have also been made in Yb:silica at other wavelengths. These lasers are reliably single longitudinal mode due to narrowband cavity mirrors made of fiber Bragg gratings. We have developed oscillator systems based on DFB lasers in Yb-doped silica fiber at 1053 nm, for amplification in Nd:phosphate glass:pulsed amplifiers, part of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) fusion research laser at Livermore.
Hard Simulation Problems in the Modeling of Magnetic Materials: Parallelization and Langevin Micromagnetics

We present recent results on two attempts at understanding and utilizing large-scale simulations of magnetic materials. In the first study we consider massively parallel implementations on a Cray T3E of the of the n-fold way algorithm for magnetization switching in kinetic Ising models. We find an intricate relationship between the average time increment and the size of the spin blocks on each processor. This narrows the regime of efficient implementation. The second study concerns incorporating noise into micromagnetic calculations using Langevin methods. This allows measurement of quantities such as the probability that the system has not switched within a given time. Preliminary results are reported for arrays of single-domain nanoscale pillars.
Production of Phenotypically Epimeraseless Yeast by l-Arabinose

The previous report from this laboratory that l-arabinose is a gratuitous inducer of the galactose transport system has been found to be an artefact resulting from the combination of galactose contamination of commercial samples of l-arabinose and inhibition by l-arabinose of galactose metabolism by inactivation of uridine-diphosphate-glucose-4-epimerase. As a result of l-arabinose inhibition of the metabolism of the contaminating galactose, galactose itself serves as a gratuitous inducer, producing phenotypically epimeraseless yeast.
Induction of CCR2‐dependent macrophage accumulation by oxidized phospholipids in the air‐pouch model of inflammation

Objective Macrophages are key players in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid synovitis as well as in atherosclerosis. To determine whether atherogenic oxidized phospholipids potentially contribute to synovial inflammation and subsequent monocyte/macrophage recruitment, we examined the effects of oxidized 1- palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-3-glycero-phosphorylcholine (OxPAPC) on chemokine expression and leukocyte recruitment in a facsimile synovium in vivo using the murine air-pouch model. Methods Air pouches were raised by 2 injections of sterile air, and inflammation was induced by injecting either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or OxPAPC into the pouch lumen. Inflammation was assessed by analysis of inflammatory gene expression using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemical analysis, and leukocytes were quantified in the lavage fluid and in the pouch wall after staining with Giemsa or after enzymatic digestion followed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. Results Application of OxPAPC resulted in selective recruitment of monocyte/macrophages into the air-pouch wall, but not in the lumen. In contrast, LPS induced both monocyte and neutrophil accumulation in the pouch lumen as well as in the wall. LPS, but not OxPAPC, induced the expression of adhesion molecules E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. OxPAPC increased the expression of the CCR2 ligands monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), MCP-3, and MCP-5, as well as RANTES and growth-related oncogene α (GROα), while it down-regulated the expression of CCR2 on macrophages. Moreover, oxidized phospholipid–induced macrophage accumulation was abrogated in CCR2−/− mice. Conclusion These data demonstrate that oxidized phospholipids trigger a type of inflammatory response that leads to selective macrophage accumulation in vivo, a process relevant for the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.