cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Human γ-Tryptases, Novel Members of the Chromosome 16p Mast Cell Tryptase and Prostasin Gene Families

Previously, this laboratory identified clusters of α-, β-, and mast cell protease-7-like tryptase genes on human chromosome 16p13.3. The present work characterizes adjacent genes encoding novel serine proteases, termed γ-tryptases, and generates a refined map of the multitryptase locus. Each γ gene lies between an α1H Ca 2+ channel gene ( CACNA1H ) and a βII- or βIII-tryptase gene and is ∼30 kb from polymorphic minisatellite MS205. The tryptase locus also contains at least four tryptase-like pseudogenes, including mastin, a gene expressed in dogs but not in humans. Genomic DNA blotting results suggest that γI- and γII-tryptases are alleles at the same site. βII- and βIII-tryptases appear to be alleles at a neighboring site, and αII- and βI-tryptases appear to be alleles at a third site. γ-Tryptases are transcribed in lung, intestine, and in several other tissues and in a mast cell line (HMC-1) that also expresses γ-tryptase protein. Immunohistochemical analysis suggests that γ-tryptase is expressed by airway mast cells. γ-Tryptase catalytic domains are ∼48% identical with those of known mast cell tryptases and possess mouse homologues. We predict that γ-tryptases are glycosylated oligomers with tryptic substrate specificity and a distinct mode of activation. A feature not found in described tryptases is a C-terminal hydrophobic domain, which may be a membrane anchor. Although the catalytic domains contain tryptase-like features, the hydrophobic segment and intron-exon organization are more closely related to another recently described protease, prostasin. In summary, this work describes γ-tryptases, which are novel members of chromosome 16p tryptase/prostasin gene families. Their unique features suggest possibly novel functions.
Time-dependent Dalitz-plot formalism for Bq0→J/ψh+h−

Abstract A formalism for measuring time-dependent CP violation in B ( s ) 0 → J / ψ h + h − decays with J / ψ → μ + μ − is developed for the general case where there can be many h + h − final states of different angular momentum present. Here h refers to any spinless meson. The decay amplitude is derived using similar considerations as those in a Dalitz like analysis of three-body spinless mesons taking into account the fact that the J / ψ is spin-1, and the various interferences allowed between different final states. Implementation of this procedure can, in principle, lead to the use of a larger number of final states for CP violation studies.
Welfare Recipients' Job Skills and Employment Prospects

The welfare reform goal of moving mothers who rely on welfare into private-sector employment cannot be achieved only by changes in public policy. Employment rates reflect the job qualifications of individuals, obstacles to work outside the home, the attractiveness of available jobs, and the capacity of the labor market to absorb new workers at particular skill levels. This article examines how each of these factors is likely to influence current welfare recipients’ success in finding employment and the wages they are likely to earn. The author concludes that the skill deficiencies of recipients of Aid to Families with Dependent Children do not represent an insurmountable barrier to employment, although these deficiencies do restrict the wages recipients can earn. Without continued public assistance in the form of wage subsidies, child care payments, or help securing health insurance, most families that move from welfare to work will remain below the poverty level.
Reducing noise through translational control in an auto-regulatory gene network

Auto-regulatory transcriptional feedback, where the protein expressed from a gene inhibits its own transcription, is known to reduce stochastic fluctuations in protein numbers. Recent work has demonstrated the existence of negative feedback loops not only at the transcriptional level but also at the translational level. We investigate the noise suppression abilities of feedback loops at the translational level and compare them with transcriptional feedback. In particular, we consider two feedbacks at the translational level: translation blocking feedback, where the protein inhibits the translation of its mRNA, and degradation enhancing feedback, where the protein increases the degradation rate of its mRNA.
Improved delay-minimized data harvesting with mobile elements in wireless sensor networks

Using mobile elements as mechanical carriers of data has been shown to be an effective way of prolonging sensor network lifetime and of relaying data in partitioned networks. The existing literature has mostly focused on designing delay minimizing routes for the mobile elements by leveraging variants of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). We show that TSP-based routes can in fact result in data delivery delay arbitrarily worse than that of the optimal solution. The main insight is that as the data generation rates of sensors may vary, some sensors need to be visited more frequently than others. To that end, we consider a network with a single sink and develop a Path Splitter algorithm that “splits” a TSP-based route into several loops intersecting at the sink. Numerical results show that our algorithm can improve average delay by more than 40% in some instances while requiring a modest computational effort to modify the TSP-based route.
Evaluating Pervasive and Ubiquitous Systems

Recognized evaluation strategies are essential to systematically advance a research field's state of the art. Pervasive and ubiquitous computing need such strategies to mature as a discipline and to enable researchers to objectively assess and compare new techniques' contributions. Researchers have shown that evaluating ubiquitous systems can be difficult, so approaches tend to be subjective, piecemeal, or both. To ensure that the validity and usability of proposed systems won't be compromised, researchers must reach consensus on a set of standard evaluation methods for ubiquitous systems. Otherwise, methods for scientifically testing and presenting state-of-the-art advances will remain unclear. In this article, the organizers from four different workshop series, each focused on this topic, summarize and discuss the main outcomes of these events.
Motor Development of Autistic Monozygotic Twins: A Case Study

A pair of autistic monozygotic twins were assessed on relevant portions of the Geddes Psychomotor Inventory. Over-all motor development of the 3-yr., 6-mo. old twins was similar and considered a partial consequence of the same genotype and comparable environmental experiences from birth. The twins exhibited poor or unsuccessful performance on tasks requiring abilities in language, communication, and appropriate relationships to objects; superior performance on specific fine manual motor skills, walking balance board, and climbing; at-age performance on tasks which were considered measures of patterned gross movement, balance, postural maintenance, and spatial orientation; and few typical autistic motor characteristics.
Testability-oriented channel routing

The quality of IC testing can be improved by applying appropriate design strategies. In this paper, we present a testability-oriented routing methodology, which can be used to modify the IC layout so as to reduce the probability of test escape. A testability-oriented iterative channel routing tool based on this methodology has been developed. Example applications of this tool illustrating the methodology are also presented in the paper.
Prediction of chicken embryo lethality with the avian Escherichia coli traits complement resistance, colicin V production, and presence of the increased serum survival gene cluster (iss).

SUMMARY. Differentiating between virulent and avirulent avian Escherichia coli isolates continues to be a problem for poultry diagnostic laboratories and the study of colibacillosis in poultry. The ability of a laboratory to conduct one simple test that correlates with virulence would simplify studies in these areas; however, previous studies have not enabled researchers to establish such a test. In this study, the occurrence of certain phenotypic and genotypic traits purported to contribute to avian E. coli virulence in 20 avian E. coli isolates was correlated with the results of embryo challenge studies. This analysis was undertaken in an effort to determine which trait(s) best identified each avian E. coli isolate as virulent or avirulent. Traits selected were complement resistance, production of colicin V (ColV), motility, type F1 pili expression, presence of the temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin gene (tsh), and presence of the increased serum survival genetic locus (iss). ColV production, complement resistance, and presence of the iss genetic element were the three traits most highly correlated with high embryo lethality. A logistic regression model was used to predict the embryo lethality results on the basis of the most frequent isolate characteristics. Results indicate that ColV, complement resistance, and iss are significant predictor variables for the percentage of embryo lethality resulting from challenge with a specific avian E. coli isolate. However, no single trait has the ability to predict virulent isolates 100% of the time. Such results suggest the possibility that the embryo lethality assay may prove to be the one test needed to determine if an avian E. coli isolate is virulent.
Beyond the mayhem: debating key dilemmas in Libya's statebuilding

The paper argues that the causes of Libya's current chaos are rooted in its having failed to establish a modern state. Yet it points out that the policies developed under Qadhafi should not prevent Libyans from developing and implementing a consensual and inclusive statebuilding approach. This is particularly true if informal actors such as tribal structures and quasi-autonomous actors including armed groups are brought into the political scene through institutional arrangements. The conflicts of post-Qadhafi era are motivated more by the intensified struggle over access and control of the country's resources – including its financial assets and its illicit cross-border trafficking – than the ideological values per se; though this dimension cannot be overlooked as it prompted localised violent conflicts across the country. The battle for legitimacy between the major coalitions – each internally divided by various identities and conflicting interests – should not undermine the potential for a negotiated se...
Do biological assemblages and ensembles really exist

En anos recientes ha aparecido la palabra "ensamble" (con menos frecuencia, "ensamblaje") en la literatura biologica en castellano, con dos significados diferentes: grupos de especies de un habitat relacionadas taxonomicamente; y grupos de especies de un lugar sin interacciones ecologicas. Tras analizar las definiciones de la palabra en el original frances, asi como sus usos tecnicos en castellano e ingles, concluyo que las palabras assemblage y ensemble tienen traduccion adecuada al espanol, assemblage como asamblea y ensemble como conjunto, pero en la mayoria de los casos tienen un aporte dudoso y complican innecesariamente los textos, por lo que segun los principio de concision y comunicacion, conviene evitarlas.
Political Violence Cycles: Electoral Incentives and the Provision of Counterterrorism

How do electoral incentives affect the counterterrorism policies chosen by reelection-seeking incumbents? This article tests the argument that governments alter their choice of security strategies ...
Extending legal protection to social robots: The effects of anthropomorphism, empathy, and violent behavior towards robotic objects

People tend to anthropomorphize robots that interact with humans on a social level. This Article explores whether projecting emotions onto objects could lead to an extension of limited legal protections to robotic companions, analogous to animal abuse laws.
The retina and hypertension.

Examination of the eye in hypertension can give information almost impossible to obtain by other means, such as how long the blood pressure has been elevated. Retinal arteriolar sclerosis reflects the wear and tear of the hypertensive process and should be graded separately from the ophthalmoscopic changes of hypertension. Grading systems are proposed.
Brief comment on emotional expression of oil painting creation

The emotional expression of oil painting has been the key element that puzzles the artists.In this paper,the author makes a systematic illustration in four aspects:the influence of acceptance of aesthetics upon artistic creation;the inspiration of phenomenon of Whyth;the thinking accompanied by "local painting";the artistic pioneers with insistence on spiritual homeland.
Analysis on poor sight among primary and middle school students in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2012 and study on acupuncture treatment

[Objective]To systematically and comprehensively understand the prevalence of poor sight among primary and middle school students in Daxing District of Beijing,explore its occurrence and development rule,provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of poor sight in students in Daxing District. The myopic students in a primary school were given the acupuncture treatment,and the curative effect was evaluated.[Methods]According to the health surveillance data of all primary and middle school students in Daxing District from 2009-2012,the status of poor sight was statistically analyzed. The myopic students in a primary school were treated with electric plum-blossom needles and auricular-plaster therapy. [Results]During 2009-2012,the detection rate of poor sight among students was rising gradually, and there was significant difference in the annual detection rate( χ2= 1 150. 394,P 0. 01). The detection rate in girls was significantly higher than that in boys,and the differences in the annual detection rate between girls and boys were significant( χ2value was respectively 779. 601,738. 319,541. 965 and 437. 279,all P 0. 01). The detection rate of poor sight increased with the increasing of learning stages,and there were significant differences in annual detection rate between different learning stages( χ2value was respectively 6484. 954,7021. 646,7241. 031 and 7439. 412, all P 0. 01). The differences in the annual detection rate among different grades were significant( χ2value was respectively 7 577. 072,8 119. 429,8 726. 548 and 9 098. 240,all P 0. 01). There was significant difference in the curative effect between the acupuncture treatment group and the control group( χ2= 13. 642,P 0. 01).[Conclusion]Most of poor sight cases are the myopia. The incidence rate of myopic has increased year by year,which seriously affect the healthy growth of teenagers. At present, there is no effective treatment method of western medicine,while the curative effect of acupuncture treatment is definite. The acupuncture treatment has obvious effect and easy operation,without the adverse reactions,so it is suggested that school health workers should cooperate with acupuncture doctors,take the acupuncture to treat the myopia,to improve the student's eyesight condition, and reduce the incidence of myopia.
A novel role for Crp in controlling magnetosome biosynthesis in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are specialized microorganisms that synthesize intracellular magnetite particles called magnetosomes. Although many studies have focused on the mechanism of magnetosome synthesis, it remains unclear how these structures are formed. Recent reports have suggested that magnetosome formation is energy dependent. To investigate the relationship between magnetosome formation and energy metabolism, a global regulator, named Crp, which mainly controls energy and carbon metabolism in most microorganisms, was genetically disrupted in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1. Compared with the wild-type or complemented strains, the growth, ferromagnetism and intracellular iron content of crp-deficient mutant cells were dramatically decreased. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that magnetosome synthesis was strongly impaired by the disruption of crp. Further gene expression profile analysis showed that the disruption of crp not only influenced genes related to energy and carbon metabolism, but a series of crucial magnetosome island (MAI) genes were also down regulated. These results indicate that Crp is essential for magnetosome formation in MSR-1. This is the first time to demonstrate that Crp plays an important role in controlling magnetosome biomineralization and provides reliable expression profile data that elucidate the mechanism of Crp regulation of magnetosome formation in MSR-1.
Applications to the Theory of Banach Algebras

In the first paragraph of this chapter we assume to have to do with Banach spaces having a basis, as is the case for separable Hilbert spaces or for most of all known concrete separable Banach spaces. Whenever this hypothesis is fulfilled we can draw conclusions on the approximation problem of compact linear operators by linear operators of finite rank.
Ultrafast Investigations of Intra-molecular Interactions and Energy Transfer in Dendrimers and Polymeric Materials

The dendritic architecture allows for the control of energy transfer. Ultra-fast excited state dynamics of organic dendrimers have been studied with both polarized and depolarized femtosecond fluorescence spectroscopy. The dynamics of novel dendrimermetal nanocomposite systems is also discussed.
Sex differences in response of the bovine embryo to colony stimulating factor 2

We tested whether gene expression of the bovine morula is modified by CSF2 in a sex-dependent manner and if sex determines the effect of CSF2 on competence of embryos to become blastocysts. Embryos were produced in vitro using X- or Y-sorted semen and treated at Day 5 of culture with 10 ng/mL bovine CSF2 or control. In experiment 1, morulae were collected at Day 6 and biological replicates (n = 8) were evaluated for transcript abundance of 90 genes by RT-qPCR using the Fluidigm Delta Gene assay. Expression of more than one-third (33 of 90) of genes examined was affected by sex. The effect of CSF2 on gene expression was modified by sex (P < 0.05) for five genes (DDX3Y/DDX3X-like, NANOG, MYF6, POU5F1 and RIPK3) and tended (P < 0.10) to be modified by sex for five other genes (DAPK1, HOXA5, PPP2R3A, PTEN and TNFSF8). In experiment 2, embryos were treated at Day 5 with control or CSF2 and blastocysts were collected at Day 7 for immunolabeling to determine the number of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cells. CSF2 increased the percent of putative zygotes that became blastocysts for females, but did not affect the development of males. There was no effect of CSF2 or interaction of CSF2 with sex on the total number of blastomeres in blastocysts or in the number of inner cell mass or trophectoderm cells. In conclusion, CSF2 exerted divergent responses on gene expression and development of female and male embryos. These results are evidence of sexually dimorphic responses of the preimplantation embryo to this embryokine.
Earthquake design and performance of steel structures

The 1994 Northridge earthquake has shown that steel structures may experience local failure modes that have not been observed in earlier earthquakes. The attention of the public and the engineering community has been drawn particularly to frequently observed fractures at welded beam-to-column connections. The local failures have raised design and research issues that have become the focus of extensive professional and research efforts directed towards improvement of the performance of steel structures in future earthquakes.
Signal Processing Using Maple V

It is common practice to use frequency domain techniques to determine the characteristics of signals and systems. Signals are often characterized by their frequency spectrum and a great deal of insight into the behavior of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system can be gained by examining its frequency response. As a result of the dramatic increase in the speed and decrease in the cost of digital hardware, discrete-time signal processing techniques based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) have become more and more prevalent. This paper describes a number of special commands that exploit both the symbolic and numeric computational capabilities of MapleV to provide a signal processing environment that is both flexible and easy to use. Using these commands, the results of processing continuous-time signals with continuous-time systems described by their s-plane transfer functions or discrete-time systems described by their z-plane transfer functions are easily determined. Important concepts such as aliasing and causality can be explored. Although designed for a class in systems engineering, the procedures should be of use to practicing professionals as well. First, some of the special commands will be described followed by an example of showing the response of both continuous-time and discrete-time systems to a pulse input. Listings of the command procedures are given in the appendix. Additional commands are under development and listings are available from the author.
A Foods and Nutrient Comparison Study of Meals Eaten at Home vs Meals Eaten at Head Start Centers in Washington DC, USA

The purpose of this research was to investigate the food energy and nutrient intake, and adequacy of meals served at Head Start centers versus meals consumed at home among Head Start Children. A cross-sectional descriptive survey research design was utilized. A convenience sample of 195 Head Start child and caregiver pairs was recruited from two Head Start sites within the District of Columbia (DC). Weight and height were measured and used to calculate BMI. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) BMI for age and gender growth charts were used to evaluate BMI levels. Dietary intakes were collected using the 24-hour food recall method, and Head Start center menus were analyzed using Nutritionist Pro Software (Axxya Systems, Redmond, WA). Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 (IBM SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results of the study showed no significant difference in total calorie intakes between the overweight/obese children and normal weight children who consumed meals both at home and at Head Start centers. However, in both overweight/obese and normal weight children who consumed meals totally at home, lower nutrient intakes were noted when compared to recommended levels. It was concluded that Head Start children who consumed meals both at school and home on the day of the recall, had higher intakes of food energy and were more likely to meet recommended nutrient intakes than Head Start children who did not consume any portion of their meals at school.
MaizeDB: The Maize Genome Database

In 1923, R. A. Emerson addressed a detailed letter to “Students of Corn Genetics’, soliciting community solutions to issues of gene nomenclature. (Emerson 1923) Building on this stimulus, Emerson hosted a ‘cornfab’ in his hotel room, during the December 1928 Genetics meetings in NY. April 1929, Emerson and colleagues disseminated the first Maize Newsletter (MNL): a mimeographed summary of the ‘cornfab’, along with a list of 20 available stocks, a list of curators for individual linkage groups, a summary of available linkage information, and 78 references where linkage data were to be found. The first published linkage map compilation in 1935 showed 62 loci. (Emerson et al 1935) In 1991, USDA-ARS initiated a plant genome database project, and tasked the editor of the MNL, Ed Coe, to develop a maize genome database. The 1991 MNL, now volume 65, included 1439 Stocks available from a USDA-ARS funded Stock Center, 840 entries on the Gene List with 423 key references, an additional 776 references from the annual literature and some 950 colleague addresses. Data from this issue were transferred into the Fall 1991 prototype MaizeDB.
Multiple Cranial Neuropathies: Unusual Presentation of Lyme Disease (P06.208)

OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of multiple cranial nerve palsies as the initial presentation of Lyme disease. BACKGROUND: Lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by tick bite. It can cause multi-system involvement; the typical neurological manifestations being facial palsy, painful radiculopathy, and meningitis. Multiple cranial neuropathy as initial presentation of Lyme disease is rarely seen. DESIGN/METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 35 year old woman, veterinary technician working with primates, with no significant past medical history presented with a two day history of right facial droop, right facial numbness, and altered taste sensation. This was preceded by intermittent headache and migratory arthralgia for three weeks. The neurological examination showed signs consistent with right lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy, involvement of right trigeminal nerve, and left abducens nerve paresis. Laboratory tests revealed Borrelia burgdorferi IgM antibodies in high titers (8.9 index value, reference range 3 ), positive Lyme antibodies, elevated total IgG levels and high IgG synthesis rate. Brain MRI demonstrated contrast enhancement of the bilateral trigeminal and facial nerves. The patient was treated with a four week course of intravenous ceftriaxone. On the tenth day, her clinical symptoms had completely resolved and brain MRI obtained at that time showed attenuation of cranial nerve enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple cranial neuropathies can be a rare presentation of acute Lyme disease and physicians should be aware of this possibility. Early diagnosis and treatment can lead to good clinical outcome. Disclosure: Dr. Tunguturi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Izzy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Garg has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec, eva Pharmaceutical, Bayer Pharmaceutical Corporation and Serono, Inc. as a consultant. Dr. Garg has received research support from Novartis.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Is Associated With an Increased Frequency of Hospitalization in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications in clinical practice. PPI use has been associated with the development of community-acquired pneumonia. With a reported prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and PPI use that is higher than the general population, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are particularly vulnerable to PPI adverse effects. We sought to explore whether PPI use was associated with a higher number of hospitalizations for CF pulmonary exacerbation. Methods We conducted a longitudinal retrospective review in an academic outpatient setting. Patients > 18 years of age with a diagnosis of CF and at least 1 year of follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Baseline characteristics, PPI use, and details of hospitalization through 1 year of follow-up were collected. Results One hundred fourteen patients met inclusion criteria. Fifty-nine patients (51.7%) were hospitalized at least once in the follow-up year, mean number of hospitalizations was 2.17 (± 1.9). At least 6 months of PPI use was observed in 59 patients (51.7%). In univariate analysis, PPI use was associated with a significantly higher mean number of hospitalizations (0.9 vs. 1.4, P = 0.009). In a multi-variable regression model, PPI use remained significantly associated with a higher number of hospitalizations (P = 0.03), while controlling for risk factors traditionally associated with increased pulmonary exacerbations. Conclusion PPI use is highly prevalent in CF patients. Exposure to PPI therapy is independently associated with a higher number of hospitalizations for pulmonary exacerbation in CF patients.
Early Childhood General and Special Educators: An Examination of Similarities and Differences in Beliefs, Knowledge, and Practice:

In this study, we provide a contemporary examination of the similarities and differences between early childhood general educators (ECEs) and early childhood special educators (ECSEs) within a theo...
CHAIRMAN'S CONCLUDING REMARKS TO THE SYMPOSIUM ON “NERVE GROWTH FACTOR”

Publisher Summary This chapter presents the current research on the nerve growth factors (NGF). It describes the structure of the NGF protein and its evolutionary relationship to insulin. The similarity in the three-dimensional structure of these two proteins, first deduced by the use of chemical probes, may conceivably be examined further that NGF has been crystallized and a preliminary X-ray diffraction pattern obtained. The nature of the two limited and specific proteolytic cleavages which the protein undergoes have also been determined although the significance of these events is not entirely clear. One of them, the release of the COOH-terminal arginine residues from the NGF dimer, critically affects the stability of the high molecular weight form, 7S NGF, and this discovery has lent credence to the idea that the NGF protein is initially synthesized as a longer precursor. The occurrence of highly specific arginine esteropeptidases in both the 7S NGF and high molecular weight epidermal growth factor complexes is also suggestive in this regard and provides one possible explanation for the physiological role of these high molecular weight forms of the two growth factors.
PHASTA Science Gateway for High Performance Computational Fluid Dynamics

The Parallel Hierarchic Adaptive Stabilized Transient Analysis (PHASTA) software supports modeling compressible or incompressible, laminar or turbulent, steady or unsteady flows in 3D using unstructured grids. PHASTA has been applied to industrial and academic flows on complex, as-designed geometric models with over one billion mesh elements using upwards of one million compute cores. The PHASTA Science Gateway (phasta.scigap.org) brings these increasingly critical technologies to a larger user base by providing a central hub for simulation execution, simulation data management, and documentation. Researchers and engineers using the gateway can easily define and execute simulations on the TACC Stampede2 Skylake and Knights Landing nodes without being burdened by the details of remote access, the job scheduler, and filesystem configuration. In addition to simplifying the simulation execution process, the gateway creates a searchable archive of past jobs that can be shared with other users to support reproducibility and increase productivity. Our poster presents the construction of the gateway with Apache Airavata, the simulation definition process, applications it currently supports, and our ongoing efforts to expand functionality, the user base, and the community.
Ethical and Medicolegal Issues

Ethical and medicolegal issues are an inherent part of difficult psychiatric consultations and, as we have illustrated, create special challenges for the consulting psychiatrist working with both pediatric [Ascherman and Rubin (Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 17:21–35, 2008)] and adult populations [Arras and Steinbock (Ethical issues in modern medicine, Mayfield, 1998); Gutheil et al. (J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 33(4):432–436, 2005)]. Among the key issues which must frequently be addressed include: autonomy , nonmaleficence , beneficence , and justice . Additionally, the consulting psychiatrist should be savvy regarding the state laws related to involuntary hospitalization as well as the process by which this occurs. Finally, it is critical for the consulting psychiatrist working with the difficult psychiatric consultation to have a strong working understanding of confidentiality , privilege , and the limits limitations of these concepts.
Determinants of mobile technology use and smartphone application interest in cancer patients.

BACKGROUND Supportive care is a critical component of the treatment of cancer patients that is underutilized; patient lack of information about these services is an important barrier. Mobile technologies may be useful tools for delivering information, but cancer patient use of and interest in using them to learn about supportive care services have not been described. This study evaluates factors associated with cancer patient use of mobile technologies and interest in smartphone applications for information delivery about supportive care. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey among cancer patients from one urban academic hospital and 11 community hospitals. Patients self-reported use of mobile technologies and interest in smartphone applications. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify determinants of mobile technology use and smartphone interest. RESULTS Among 631 participants, 466 (74%) reported regular use of mobile devices and 242 (39%) expressed an interest in supportive care information via smartphone applications. Patients under 45 were more likely to use a mobile device (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 6.8, 2.8-16.9 95% CI, P < 0.001) and were interested in smartphone applications for delivery of information (AOR 3.2, 1.8-5.9 95% CI, P < 0.001). Non-white patients had similar use of mobile technology compared to whites but reported greater interest in smartphone application-based information (AOR 3.4, 2.1-5.5 95% CI, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Many patients expressed interest in smartphone application-based information about supportive care services, especially those who are younger and non-white. Future studies should investigate the characteristics of patients and smartphones applications that will optimize information delivery through a mobile technology platform.
Sickle cell disease and venous thromboembolism: A retrospective comparison of the rate of positive CT pulmonary angiography in the emergency department.

Abstract Background Previous authors have reported an increased incidence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) based on retrospective analysis of ICD codes. It is unknown whether patients with SCD have higher rates of positive CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) in the emergency department (ED). Methods The institutional review board (IRB) approved this retrospective study; informed consent was waived. Between January 1, 2005 and May 31, 2015, 28 patients with SCD underwent a total of 78 CTPA studies in the ED. A control group of 75 non-SCD patients matched for age, gender and race underwent 78 consecutive CTPA studies in the emergency department. Modified Wells' (mWells') scores were calculated for each CTPA study performed. The studies for both groups were blind read by two fellowship trained body radiologists. Descriptive statistics were performed, with significance considered if p Results The rate of positive CT pulmonary angiogram in patients with SCD was 6.4% (5/78), compared with 12.8% (10/78) in non-SCD matched controls. There was no significant difference in the rate of positive CTPA (p = 0.277). There was also no difference in the mean mWells' score between the two groups (2.44 for SCD vs. 1.95 for controls, p = 0.120). Conclusion SCD patients did not have a significantly different rate of acute PE when compared with matched controls undergoing CTPA in the ED.
Spring Boot based REST API to Improve Data Quality Report Generation for Big Scientific Data: ARM Data Center Example

Web application technologies are growing rapidly with continuous innovation and improvements. This paper focuses on the popular Spring Boot [1] java-based framework for building web and enterprise applications and how it provides the flexibility for service-oriented architecture (SOA). One challenge with any Spring-based applications is its level of complexity with configurations. Spring Boot makes it easy to create and deploy stand-alone, production-grade Spring applications with very little Spring configuration. Example, if we consider Spring Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework [2], we need to configure dispatcher servlet, web jars, a view resolver, and component scan among other things. To solve this, Spring Boot provides several Auto Configuration options to setup the application with any needed dependencies. Another challenge is to identify the framework dependencies and associated library versions required to develop a web application. Spring Boot offers simpler dependency management by using a comprehensive, but flexible, framework and the associated libraries in one single dependency, which provides all the Spring related technology that you need for starter projects as compared to CRUD web applications. This framework provides a range of additional features that are common across many projects such as embedded server, security, metrics, health checks, and externalized configuration. Web applications are generally packaged as war and deployed to a web server, but Spring Boot application can be packaged either as war or jar file, which allows to run the application without the need to install and/or configure on the application server. In this paper, we discuss how Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Data Center (ADC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, is using Spring Boot to create a SOA based REST [4] service API, that bridges the gap between frontend user interfaces and backend database. Using this REST service API, ARM scientists are now able to submit reports via a user form or a command line interface, which captures the same data quality or other important information about ARM data.
Atomic layer deposition of YMnO3 thin films

Abstract YMnO3 (YMO) thin films were synthesized by radical-enhanced atomic layer deposition (RE-ALD) on silicon (Si) and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates, to investigate the effect of film composition and substrates on their intrinsic magnetic properties. The crystalline phase of these ultra-thin films depends on both the processing conditions and the substrate lattice parameters. The Mn/Y atomic ratio of the YMO thin films could be controlled near unity by adjusting the Mn:Y precursor pulsing ratio during the RE-ALD processes. The ALD YMO thin film on Si (111) was orthorhombic, regardless of the film thickness with a Neel temperature (TN) between 48 ∼ 62 K, as determined through the anomalies observed during DC magnetic susceptibility measurements. However, ultra-thin ALD YMO films (∼6 nm) on YSZ (1 1 1), at a Mn/Y atomic ratio near unity, has both orthorhombic- and hexagonal- phases, yielding two TN anomalies measured at ∼48 K and ∼85 K. The induction of magnetization of ultra-thin YMO film on Si (1 1 1) under an in-situ 20 V electric poling indicates that the magnetoelectric coupling was observed below TN, showing that the ALD synthesis could be a promising technique to deposit ultra-thin magnetoelectric films.
Revolutionary Networks: The Business and Politics of Printing the News, 1763–1789

Joseph Adelman has looked with fresh focus at printing during the last gasp of colonial America and the toddler years of the new republic, dissecting the printing business as it existed roughly fro...
Reformation of the senses. The paradox of religious belief and practice in Germany urbana

Jacob Baum has written a study that adds new perspectives to our understanding of the Protestant Reformation. By examining how Protestant theologians and church leaders thought about the role of th...
The Design and Evolution of OCB

We describe OCB3, the final version of OCB, a blockcipher mode for authenticated encryption (AE). We prove the construction secure, up to the birthday bound, assuming its underlying blockcipher is secure as a strong-PRP. We study the scheme’s software performance, comparing its speed, on multiple platforms, to a variety of other AE schemes. We reflect on the history and development of the mode.
Applied Mergers and Acquisitions

A comprehensive guide to the world of mergers and acquisitionsWhy do so many M&A transactions fail? And what drives the success of those deals that are consummated? Robert Bruner explains that M&A can be understood as a response by managers to forces of turbulence in their environment. Despite the material failure rates of mergers and acquisitions, those pulling the trigger on key strategic decisions can make them work if they spend great care and rigor in the development of their M&A deals. By addressing the key factors of M&A success and failure, Applied Mergers and Acquisitions can help readers do this. Written by one of the foremost thinkers and educators in the field, this invaluable resource teaches readers the art and science of M&A valuation, deal negotiation, and bargaining, and provides a framework for considering tradeoffs in an effort to optimize the value of any M&A deal. Applied Mergers and Acquisitions is part of a complete suite of resources on M&A that includes a workbook and a CD-ROM with additional spreadsheets.Robert F. Bruner, MBA, DBA (Charlottesville, VA), is the Distinguished Professor of Business Administration at the Darden School at the University of Virginia and Executive Director of the Batten Institute. He directs the Darden School's executive education course on mergers and acquisitions, and teaches the popular MBA elective on that topic. He holds a BA from Yale University, and a MBA and DBA from Harvard University.
Mapping the Mechanical Properties of Alloyed Magnesium (AZ 61)

In this work, an advanced form of nanoindentation is used to map the mechanical properties of AZ 61. The probed area includes both alpha (Mg-rich) and beta (Al12Mg17) phases. The measured moduli of the two phases compare well with expected values. The hardness of the beta phase is three times greater than that of the alpha phase. The hardness map reveals an area of intermediate hardness surrounding the beta phase. This zone is a mesophase which is chemically distinct and may influence the mechanical behavior of the alloy in unexpected ways.
Experimental autoimmune prostatitis induces microglial activation in the spinal cord

BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is unknown and factors including the host's immune response and the nervous system have been attributed to the development of CP/CPPS. We previously demonstrated that mast cells and chemokines such as CCL2 and CCL3 play an important role in mediating prostatitis. Here, we examined the role of neuroinflammation and microglia in the CNS in the development of chronic pelvic pain. METHODS Experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) was induced using a subcutaneous injection of rat prostate antigen. Sacral spinal cord tissue (segments S14–S5) was isolated and utilized for immunofluorescence or QRT-PCR analysis. Tactile allodynia was measured at baseline and at various points during EAP using Von Frey fibers as a function for pelvic pain. EAP mice were treated with minocycline after 30 days of prostatitis to test the efficacy of microglial inhibition on pelvic pain. RESULTS Prostatitis induced the expansion and activation of microglia and the development of inflammation in the spinal cord as determined by increased expression levels of CCL3, IL-1β, Iba1, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Microglial activation in mice with prostatitis resulted in increased expression of P2X4R and elevated levels of BDNF, two molecular markers associated with chronic pain. Pharmacological inhibition of microglia alleviated pain in mice with prostatitis and resulted in decreased expression of IL-1β, P2X4R, and BDNF. CONCLUSION Our data show that prostatitis leads to inflammation in the spinal cord and the activation and expansion of microglia, mechanisms that may contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pelvic pain. Prostate 75:50–59, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hemodynamic Changes Owing to Sensory Activation of the Brain Monitored by Echo‐Planar Imaging

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 Postprocessing Methodology 3 Pulse Sequence and Hardware 4 Auditory Stimuli 5 Visual Stimuli 6 Conclusions 7 Acknowledgements 8 Biographical Sketches Related Articles
Spearman Rank Correlation

In a nonparametric (distribution-free) approach to the correlation between two sets of measurements made on the same individuals, each set may be ranked in order of magnitude. The standard (Pearson) product-moment correlation coefficient is calculated on the two sets of ranks. Simple formulae are available, and adjustments are made for tied ranks. Test and estimation procedures are described. The relationship with the Kendall rank correlation coefficient is discussed. Keywords: nonparametric; distribution-free; Pearson correlation coefficient; tied ranks; Kendall rank correlation; Fisher's z
Practical Considerations of Context for Context Based Systems: An Example from an Ethnographic Case Study of a Man Diagnosed with Early Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

The meaning of context with respect to computational systems has been the focus of considerable discussion specifically as related to context aware and proactive computing. However, there are no reports of people’s direct, experiential understanding of the “lived experience” of context. As a result, there is a significant gap between theoretical approaches for understanding context and the actual practice of context, which is critical for the specification of systems. This paper reports the results of an ethnographic case study that illuminates the practical nature of context and highlights specific challenges for ubiquitous computing systems in general. We conclude that context is simultaneously more subtle, fluid and idiosyncratic than previously reported under theoretical approaches to understanding context. We further suggest implications for the design of computing systems based on these findings.
Straight-line complexity and integer factorization

We show that if polynomials with many rational roots have polynomial length straight-line complexity, then integer factorization is “easy”.
Studies concerning the structure and organization of the vaccinia virus nucleoid: I. Isolation and characterization of subviral particles prepared by treating virions with guanidine-HCI, nonidet-P40, and 2-mercaptoethanol

Abstract Subviral particles (Gu-subviral particles) containing DNA complexed with 20–25% of the protein found in complete virus particles could be isolated after treating purified vaccinia virions with 8 M guanidine-HCI, 1% Nonidet-P40, and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol. Electron microscopic examination of the Gu-subviral particles fixed with glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde, revealed spherical structures, 300–350 nm in diameter. DNA in combination with protein was observed to be further folded into globular structures, 200–600 A in diameter on the surface of the particles. Analysis of the proteins in Gu-subviral particles by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that 10 polypeptides with molecular weights of 120K, 90K, 68K, 61K, 58K, 32K, 27K, 24K, 14.5K, and 10K were associated with the viral DNA. After dialysis, the particles could be shown to have retained, in part, the capacity to catalyze the synthesis of RNA in vitro .
Variation in Pill Use: Do Abortion Laws Matter?

This paper explores the possibility that variation in state abortion availability, as proxied by legislation pertaining to women’s reproductive rights across the United States may generate variation in the use of birth control pills. Without the option of terminating a pregnancy, one expects that oral contraceptives would be more widely utilized. We find restrictions on abortion availability (through abortion legislation mandating parental consent or notification) induce women to utilize birth control to avoid unwanted pregnancies, while pro-choice sentiments in the legislature may have the opposite effect. Interestingly, our findings have broader implications for social scientists’ understanding of individual decision-making and how forward thinking individuals are when making decisions. In many instances, public policy aims to incentivize individuals to make decisions or adopt behaviors with longer term health consequences (prenatal care, smoking cessation, weight loss programs). As such, this is particularly relevant in the context of public health policymaking.