cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Experimental Validation of a High-Power Slotless Stator

An important thrust in current aerospace research is aircraft electrification, including propulsion system electrification. For an electrified propulsion system to provide net benefit over conventional propulsion, the electrical systems must meet high specific power, power density, and efficiency standards. This paper presents experimental validation of components of a megawatt scale permanent magnet synchronous motor targeting power density of 13 kW/kg and 96% efficiency. This demonstrates that it is possible to build a stator appropriate for this application. The results closely match the FEA analysis and increase confidence that the final motor will be capable meeting the design requirements. The results also highlight the importance of tight manufacturing tolerances to minimize circulating currents and associated losses.
Splenic infarction secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome: unravelling more etiologies

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a neoplastic disorder resulting in dysplasia and apoptosis of the hematopoietic clonal cells. The presenting features of MDS are usually dependent on the cellular lineage affected in the bone marrow (BM). Generally, MDS presents in older adults with recurrent infections, anemia, and bleeding tendencies. However, until now, there are no cases of splenic infarction in MDS. Splenic infarction is a rare event and is often reported in myeloproliferative or thromboembolic disorders. In this case report, we present splenic infarction; a never reported clinical manifestation in an MDS patient.
A face-lift for reconstructive surgery

3D printing and digital modeling improve face transplantation for people affected by facial trauma unrepairable by traditional reconstructive surgery.
The Path to Delivering Programable Exascale Systems

The trends in hardware architecture are paving the road towards Exascale. However, these trends are also increasing the complexity of design and development of the software developer environment that is deployed on modern supercomputers. Moreover, the scale and complexity of high-end systems creates a new set of challenges for application developers. Computational scientists are facing system characteristics that will significantly impact the programmability and scalability of applications. In order to address these issues, software architects need to take a holistic view of the entire system and deliver a high-level programming environment that can help maximize programmability, while not losing sight of performance portability. In this talk, I will discuss the current trends in computer architecture and their implications in application development and will present Cray’s high level parallel programming environment for performance and programmability on current and future supercomputers. I will also discuss some of the challenges and open research problems that need to be addressed in order to build a software developer environment for extreme-scale systems that helps users solve multi-disciplinary and multi-scale problems with high levels of performance, programmability, and scalability.
Ecosystem carbon and water cycling from a sky island montane forest

Abstract “Sky islands” are characteristic of sequential mountain-valley terrain where mountains form an island archipelago rising from surrounding valleys of desert “sea”. At high elevations in the Madrean sky islands of the southwestern United States (USA) and Mexico, mixed evergreen conifer forests occur near the latitudinal extent of their distribution. This setting provides a unique opportunity to explore the ecosystem response to warmer and drier conditions that are forecasted to become more common throughout the species range. Accordingly, this work used the eddy covariance method to quantify carbon and water cycling dynamics from a Madrean sky island forest ecosystem for nine years between 2009 and 2018. The forest functioned as net sink of carbon dioxide throughout the year, which resulted in more carbon sequestration than other monitored montane forests in the continental western USA. Sustained forest activity was made possible by the combination of mild winter temperatures and a bimodal precipitation regime that delivered moisture during both summer and winter. Seasonally, gross primary production (GPP) was temperature limited in winter and could become moisture limited during the dry early summer period depending on antecedent snowmelt moisture. Ecosystem respiration was more sensitive than GPP to moisture availability throughout the rest of the non-winter period. Forecasted warming could thus stimulate forest carbon gains during the winter and either increase or decrease respiratory carbon loss during summer as a function of moisture. Overall, a metric of snow aridity that included snow depth and potential evapotranspiration was the best predictor of the warm season carbon balance (R2 = 0.86). The seasonally dissimilar impacts of warming and drying identified by this work inform current understanding of how climate change and/or variability may affect forest water and carbon cycling dynamics throughout the montane forest biome.
Microfluidic automated plasmid library enrichment for biosynthetic gene cluster discovery

Microbial biosynthetic gene clusters are a valuable source of bioactive molecules. However, because they typically represent a small fraction of genomic material in most metagenomic samples, it remains challenging to deeply sequence them. We present an approach to isolate and sequence gene clusters in metagenomic samples using microfluidic automated plasmid library enrichment. Our approach provides deep coverage of the target gene cluster, facilitating reassembly. We demonstrate the approach by isolating and sequencing type I polyketide synthase gene clusters from an Antarctic soil metagenome. Our method promotes the discovery of functional-related genes and biosynthetic pathways.
Is there a critical LH level for hCG trigger after the detection of LH surge in modified natural frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles?

There is no consensus yet in the literature on an optimal luteinizing hormone (LH) level for human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) trigger timing in patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) with modified natural cycles (mNC). The objective of our study was to compare the clinical results of hCG trigger at different LH levels in mNC-FET cases. This retrospective study was conducted in Istanbul Memorial Hospital ART and Genetics Center. A total of 1076 cases with 1163 mNC-FET cycles were evaluated. LH levels between the start of LH rise (15 IU/L) and LH peak level (> 40 IU/L) were evaluated. Cycles were analyzed in four groups: group A (n = 287) LH level on the day prior to the day of hCG; groups B, C and D, LH levels on the day of hCG: group B (n = 245) LH 15–24.9; group C (n = 253), LH 25–39.9; group D (n = 383) LH ≥ 40. Cycle outcomes in the four groups were compared. Subgroup analyses of mNC-FET groups showed that implantation, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates, and pregnancy losses were not significantly different in patients with different LH levels on the day of hCG trigger. Our study suggests that hCG can be administered at any time between the start of LH rise (≥ 15 IU/L) and LH peak level (≥ 40 IU/L) without a detrimental effect on clinical outcome.
A Semiparametric Method for Estimating Local House Price Indices

Spatial autoregressive hedonic models utilize house prices lagged in space and time to produce local house price indices, for example, the spatial and temporal autoregressive (STAR) model might be used this way. This paper complements these models with a semiparametric approach, the Local Regression Model (LRM). The greater flexibility of the LRM may allow it to identify space–time asymmetries missed by other models. The LRM is fitted to 49,511 sales from 1972Q1 to 1991Q2 in Fairfax County, Virginia. The local price indices display plausible and significant variations over space and time. The LRM price indices in selected neighborhoods are shown to differ significantly from those in some other neighborhoods. A new method for estimating standard errors addresses an overlooked problem common to all local price indices: how to evaluate the amount of noise in the estimates. Out-of-sample prediction errors demonstrate that LRM adds significant information to the hedonic model.
Service Availability in Assisted Living and Other Community-Based Residential Settings at the End of Life.

Background: Community-based residential settings (e.g., assisted living facilities and retirement communities), are increasing, where vulnerable older adults are living as they age and die. Despite...
Self-Trained One-class Classification for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection.

Anomaly detection (AD), separating anomalies from normal data, has various applications across domains, from manufacturing to healthcare. While most previous works have shown to be effective for cases with fully or partially labeled data, they are less practical for AD applications due to tedious data labeling processes. In this work, we focus on unsupervised AD problems whose entire training data are unlabeled and may contain both normal and anomalous samples. To tackle this problem, we build a robust one-class classification framework via data refinement. To refine the data accurately, we propose an ensemble of one-class classifiers, each of which is trained on a disjoint subset of training data. Moreover, we propose a self-training of deep representation one-class classifiers (STOC) that iteratively refines the data and deep representations. In experiments, we show the efficacy of our method for unsupervised anomaly detection on benchmarks from image and tabular data domains. For example, with a 10% anomaly ratio on CIFAR-10 data, the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art one-class classification method by 6.3 AUC and 12.5 average precision.
White and Latino Differences in Neighborhood Emotional Connections and the Racialization of Space

Topics of space and neighborhoods are important areas for the study of race and racial inequality. Based on a qualitative study of one middle-class neighborhood with a mix of whites and Latinos in ...
Predicting carbon nanotube forest attributes and mechanical properties using simulated images and deep learning

Understanding and controlling the self-assembly of vertically oriented carbon nanotube (CNT) forests is essential for realizing their potential in myriad applications. The governing process–structure–property mechanisms are poorly understood, and the processing parameter space is far too vast to exhaustively explore experimentally. We overcome these limitations by using a physics-based simulation as a high-throughput virtual laboratory and image-based machine learning to relate CNT forest synthesis attributes to their mechanical performance. Using CNTNet, our image-based deep learning classifier module trained with synthetic imagery, combinations of CNT diameter, density, and population growth rate classes were labeled with an accuracy of >91%. The CNTNet regression module predicted CNT forest stiffness and buckling load properties with a lower root-mean-square error than that of a regression predictor based on CNT physical parameters. These results demonstrate that image-based machine learning trained using only simulated imagery can distinguish subtle CNT forest morphological features to predict physical material properties with high accuracy. CNTNet paves the way to incorporate scanning electron microscope imagery for high-throughput material discovery.
Writing Composable Software with InterpreterLib

InterpreterLib is a Haskell library for building and composing modular syntactic and semantic definitions. We identify two forms of composition within this domain. Composition along syntax combines semantics for denoting differing term spaces to a common denotational domain. Composition along semantics combines semantics for denoting a common term space to differing domains. We demonstrate these composition mechanisms by applying InterpreterLib to examples and then relate our experiences with InterpreterLib implementing tools for the Rosetta language.
On the regularity of the topology of separate continuity☆☆The authors were supported by NSF Grant DMS-9704520.

Abstract Given topological spaces X,Y, there is a unique topology T + on X×Y such that, for all topological spaces Z, a function f :X×Y→Z is continuous with respect to T + iff f is separately continuous. We consider situations under which T + is regular or normal. This is related to Eberlein compacta in the case that X,Y are compact, and to σ-sets in the case that X,Y are separable metric.
Use of kiosks and patient understanding of opt-out and opt-in consent for routine rapid human immunodeficiency virus screening in the emergency department.

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:287–293 © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Abstract Objectives: The objective was to evaluate patient acceptance and understanding of nontargeted opt-out and opt-in rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening using computerized kiosks in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This study was a prospective quasi-experiment in an urban hospital with an annual ED and urgent care census of 120,000 visits. During medical screening, patients 13 years and older were offered rapid HIV screening using kiosks and opt-out consent (October 2009) or opt-in consent (December 2009). Random time blocks were used to administer structured surveys to evaluate patient understanding of the testing process. Results: During the opt-out phase, 6,602 were offered testing, and of these 3,993 (61%) did not opt-out and 886 (13%) completed screening. During the opt-in phase, 5,781 were offered testing, and of these 930 (16%) opted-in and 389 (7%) completed screening (absolute difference = 6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5% to 8%). During the opt-out phase, 330 patients completed the survey. Of these, 201 (61%) did not opt-out, but 108 (54%, 95% CI = 47% to 61%) responded that they had not been informed about an HIV test. Of the 84 patients who had been informed, 32 (38%, 95% CI = 28% to 49%) responded that they had not agreed to an HIV test. During the opt-in phase, 416 completed the survey. Of these, 80 (19%) agreed to testing and two (3%, 95% CI = 0.3% to 9%) responded that they had not been informed about an HIV test. Of the 74 patients who had been informed, only two (3%, 95% CI = 0.3% to 9%) responded that they had not agreed to an HIV test. Conclusions: Computerized kiosks can be successfully used to perform nontargeted rapid HIV screening in EDs. However, when using this approach, patient understanding of opt-in consent is significantly better than opt-out consent.
Bounding the population size in XCS to ensure reproductive opportunities

Despite several recent successful comparisons and applications of the accuracy-based learning classifier system XCS, it is hardly understood how crucial parameters should be set in XCS nor how XCS can be expect to scale up in larger problems. Previous research identified a covering challenge in XCS that needs to be obeyed to ensure that the genetic learning process takes place. Furthermore, a schema challenge was identified that, once obeyed, ensures the existence of accurate classifiers. This paper departs from these challenges deriving a reproductive opportunity bound. The bound assures that more accurate classifiers get a chance for reproduction. The relation to the previous bounds as well as to the specificity pressure in XCS are discussed as well. The derived bound shows that XCS scales in a machine learning competitive way.
A definition of the number of detections for faults with single tests in a compact scan-based test set

Test quality metrics that use the numbers of detections of target faults are based on the premise that increasing the number of tests for a fault increases the likelihood of detecting defects around the site of the fault. This paper describes a new definition of the number of detections for faults that have only one test in a given test set. Such faults are prevalent in compact test sets. For a fault with a single test, metrics based on the number of detections yield the same value, one, for any test. The new definition associates different numbers of detections with different tests for the fault by considering the number of distinct test cubes that a test contains. It thus provides a target for the generation of a single test with a higher quality for the fault. The effectiveness of the definition is demonstrated by modifying a compact test set to increase the numbers of detections of single stuck-at faults with single tests, and comparing a bridging fault coverage of the test set before and after the modification.
It's all writing: experience using rewriting to learn in introductory computer science

Writing computer programs is writing to communicate with a human and a machine audience. This fact is often lost on students in introductory computer science courses. At St. Lawrence University, an effort has been made to use techniques developed as part of the writing across the curriculum movement such as portfolio evaluation and multiple drafts of written work to improve student outcomes in introductory computer science courses. Motivation and evaluation of the St. Lawrence experience is reported.
Guideline concordant detection and management of depression among Alaska Native and American Indian people in primary care

Background . A tribal health organization in Alaska implemented a primary care depression screening, detection and management initiative amongst 55,000 Alaska Native/American Indian people (AN/AIs). Objectives . (a) To describe the proportion of AN/AIs screening positive for depression with depression noted or diagnosed and proportion with guideline concordant management and (b) to assess whether management varied by patient and provider factors. Research design . Secondary analysis of electronic and paper medical record information of 400 AN/AIs. Measures . Provider variables, patient demographics and patient clinical factors were electronically queried. Manual chart audits assessed depression notation, diagnoses and management within 12 weeks of positive screening. Multilevel ordinal logistic modelling assessed management by patient and provider factors. Results . A depression diagnosis was present in 141 (35%) charts and 151 (38%) had depressive symptoms noted. Detection was higher among AN/AIs with moderate and severe depression (p<0.001). In total, 258 patients (66%) received guideline concordant management, 32 (8%) had some management, and 110 (28%) received no management. Younger patient age and increased provider tenure increased odds of management. Conclusions . Most AN/AIs screening positive for depression received initial guideline concordant management. Additional outreach to older patients and additional support for providers newer to practices appears warranted. Keywords: depression; Alaska Native/American Indian people; primary care (Published: 29 October 2015) Citation: Int J Circumpolar Health 2015, 74: 28315 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v74.28315
Northern Pine Lumbermen: A Study in Origins and Migrations

The work of converting the undeveloped forest resources of the Lake States into usable forms absorbed the energies of thousands of individual entrepreneurs. Their combined activity was scarcely able to meet the insatiable demand from the growing number of settlements that dotted the Midwestern prairies and from villages throughout the nation that were growing into towns or mushrooming into major cities. A universal building material was indispensable during a time of rapid economic expansion. Moreover, in the prevailing Age of Wood, white pine lumber, of the finest quality and incredibly low in price, was fortuitously available in abundance.
Electron collisions with copper atoms: Elastic scattering and electron-impact excitation of the ( 3 d 10 4 s ) 2 S → ( 3 d 10 4 p ) 2 P resonance transition

We report on a theoretical investigation of elastic electron scattering from the $(3{d}^{10}4s){}^{2}S$ ground state and electron-impact excitation of the $(3{d}^{10}4s){}^{2}S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(3{d}^{10}4p){}^{2}P$ resonance transition in copper atoms. The calculations were performed using a semirelativistic and a fully relativistic $B$-spline $R$-matrix (close-coupling) approach. The results for the angle-integrated and angle-differential cross sections are generally in good agreement with those obtained in previous calculations and with numerous experimental data. Where discrepancies with experiment in the differential cross sections remain, the present work generally supports the previous calculations.
A 46-Year-Old Man With Seizures, Brain Lesions, and Pulmonary Infiltrates

A 44-year-old man with no medical history presented with multiple new-onset seizures during 1 week. He denied tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use. He worked for 15 years spraying pesticides and herbicides on farms. On presentation, the patient was actively seizing. He was treated with antiepileptic medications and intubated for airway protection. Physical Examination His vital signs were normal. Physical examination was unremarkable except for crackles at the lung bases. Neurologic examination was limited by sedation. The WBC count was 14,100/μL, and the remainder of his CBC, electrolytes, and renal and liver function results were normal. MRI of the brain showed multiple lesions in the right occipital lobe, left temporal lobe, and bilateral frontal and parietal lobes (Fig 1). Figure 1. A, B, Two views of a brain MRI demonstrating multiple focal white matter lesions with some cortical involvement. Laboratory Findings A transesophageal echocardiogram was negative for vegetations and shunt. Blood cultures were negative. Chest radiograph revealed atelectasis vs consolidation at the lung bases. CT scan of the chest is shown in Figure 2, and abdominal CT scan was normal. BAL cultures were negative, and no malignant cells were present. Brain biopsy specimen revealed an abscess with numerous branching, filamentous bacteria consistent with Nocardia species (Fig 3). HIV antibody was negative, and immunoglobulin levels were normal. Figure 2. A, Chest CT scan demonstrating patchy ground glass in the upper lobes bilaterally. B, Chest CT scan demonstrating consolidation in the lower lobes bilaterally. Figure 3. A, Brain biopsy specimen demonstrating an abscess with central necrosis and surrounding multinucleated giant cells (hematoxylineosin stain, original magnification ×20). B, Brain biopsy specimen demonstrating numerous branching, filamentous bacteria ... The patient was treated with a 1-year course of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for cerebral nocardiosis, a 14-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanate for aspiration pneumonia, and antiepileptics. Chest radiograph 2 weeks later showed resolution of the lower lobe consolidation (Fig 4). One year later, MRI revealed resolution of the brain lesions, but dyspnea and cough productive of white sputum developed in the patient. His oxygen saturation was 94% on room air, and lungs were clear to auscultation. Pulmonary function testing revealed normal lung volumes and flows and a diffusing capacity of 78% predicted. Chest CT scan is shown in Figure 5. Figure 4. Chest radiograph 2 weeks later showing resolution of the lower-lobe consolidation. Figure 5. Chest CT scan demonstrating upper-lobe airspace opacities increased but in the same distribution as 1 year prior and now accompanied by septal thickening in a “crazy paving” pattern. What is the diagnosis? Diagnosis: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Civil Society and Political Institutionalization

As a result of the dramatic events of recent years, social scientists have devoted increasing attention to explaining what causes democratization as well as what makes democracies vibrant and successful over the long term. Yet, whereas a generation ago most scholars tackling these issues stressed economic, political, or institutional factors, today societal and cultural variables are in vogue. This article argues that examining societal and cultural variables in isolation from their broader context leaves fundamental questions unanswered and misinterprets some of the most important dynamics of political development. To know whether civil society activity will have positive or negative consequences for democratic development, we need to marry an analysis of societal and cultural factors to the study of political institutions.
Influence of humic acid on water retention and nutrient acquisition in simulated golf putting greens.

Humic substances are frequently applied to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) on golf putting greens to improve turf health and are marketed to enhance nutrient acquisition and possibly aid in retaining water in drought prone environments, but information on the role of humic substances in increasing soil water retention is limited. Additionally, it is difficult to separate the beneficial effects of nutrients and other ingredients added to commercial humic formulations from the effects of the pure humic substance. In our study, pure humic acid, tannic and citric acids were added to simulated creeping bentgrass putting greens. The organic acids were applied at normalized carbon rates of 250 mg C per litre by watering solutions through an automated irrigation system. Volumetric water content (VWC) and irrigation frequency, shoot and root growth, and tissue nutrient concentration of the turf were measured. None of the organic acid treatments improved water retention in the simulated greens. The humic acid-treated greens required more frequent irrigation than the untreated greens indicating that they were drying out more quickly. In addition, the addition of humic acid did not result in an increased tissue concentration of nutrients in the creeping bentgrass, top growth or dry shoot mass compared with the other treatments. However, creeping bentgrass root length was greater in the greens treated with humic acid compared with the untreated control.
Effective learning about the concept of pain from a perioperative clinical rotation

One of the major concepts that permeates all of nursing practice is the assessment and treatment of pain. Although the concept is simple in statement, its practice has proven to be difficult for seasoned nurses for a variety of reasons. New graduate nurses may have particular difficulty because of their lack of experience with pain. Forty-nine baccalaureate students provided qualitative statements about patients' pain after participating in a 6- to 8-week perioperative clinical rotation. Findings from this study show how the perioperative setting can enhance student nurses' understanding of pain and promote more effective and proactive pain management interventions.
Variation of Line Width with Rotational State and Temperature in the Microwave Spectrum of OCS

The earlier measurements on the self-broadening of OCS rotational transitions by Johnson and Slager have been extended. Measurements have been made at constant pressure on seven rotational transitions in the ground vibrational state from $J=3\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4$ to $J=15\ensuremath{\rightarrow}16$ and at dry ice and room temperatures. The data have been interpreted by a simple theory which assumes a constant contribution to line width from dipole-dipole interactions and an additional $J$-dependent contribution from rotational resonance interactions. Empirically determined temperature dependence is introduced for each contribution. This interpretation, when fit to the observed line widths, $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}$ results in the expression $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{1815}{T}+0.00321{T}^{\frac{1}{2}}{(J+1)}^{2}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{\mathrm{hBJ}(J+1)}{\mathrm{kT}}} \mathrm{Mc}/sec$ at 1-mm Hg pressure. The collision diameters for OCS are found to be approximately linear functions of the rotational state and independent of temperature.
Apoptosis, retinitis pigmentosa, and degeneration.

The mechanism of photoreceptor cell death in different inherited retinal degenerations is not fully understood. Mutations in a number of different genes (such as rhodopsin, the beta subunit of cGMP...
A Computer Simulation Study of e+ e- Storage Ring Performance as a Function of Sextupole Distribution

Operational experience at CESR has shown that sextupoles are important factors in the observed beam-beam behavior. A computer program to simulate colliding beam dynamics in e+ e- Storage rings has been written. The first version of the program which does not incorporate sextupoles shows some of the characteristics measured in various machines in the past. The focus or the present work is the understanding of the effects of sextupoles on these results. To do this thin sextupoles are added in two ways. The first employs a linear-transfer/nonlinearkick algorithm for each lattice cell. The second method is to create a symplectic second-order transfer map for the entire machine. While the first method is exact, it is slow for machine lattices with many sextupoles. The luminosities, beam sizes, and tune shifts from these programs are compared. In addition, the shapes of the time-averaged transverse distributions are studied.
Hyperparathyroid and hypoparathyroid disorders.

The four parathyroid glands, through the secretion of parathyroid hormone, regulate serum calcium concentrations and bone metabolism.1 In turn, serum calcium concentrations regulate parathyroid hormone secretion; high concentrations inhibit secretion by the parathyroid glands of parathyroid hormone and low concentrations stimulate it.2 Low or falling serum calcium concentrations act within seconds to stimulate parathyroid hormone secretion, initiated by means of a calcium-sensing receptor on the surface of the parathyroid cells.2 This receptor is a heptahelical molecule, like the receptors for light, odorants, catecholamines, and many peptide hormones.3 Parathyroid hormone secretion is 50 percent of the maximal level at a serum . . .
Creep deformation of alumina-SiC composites

Abstract Composites of alumina reinforced with SiC whiskers have been creep tested in bending and in compression at 1200–1400 °C in an air ambient. The flexural creep data follow a power law constitutive relation with two distinct stress exponents that depend on the level of applied stress. Crept specimens were examined by transmission electron microscopy to determine the mechanisms of creep deformation and microstructural damage. The primary mechanism of creep deformation under these conditions is grain boundary and interface sliding resulting from diffusion. At high stress levels, the sliding is often unaccommodated, resulting in cavitation at grain boundary-interface junctions. Cavitation is associated with an increase in the stress exponent for flexural creep.
Scintigraphic characterization of Q wave and non-Q-wave acute myocardial infarction.

This study examines the scintigraphic features of patients in Killip class I or II after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with relation to ECG changes. The 41 consecutively studied patients (23 men and 18 women) with first AMI were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 25) had Q wave AMI, and group 2 (n = 16) had non-Q wave AMI. Rest thallium-201 myocardial scintigrams and radionuclide ventriculograms were obtained 10 days (mean) after AMI. The thallium images were divided into 15 segments in three projections and assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. Fixed perfusion defects were present in at least one segment in 23 patients (92%) in group 1 and in eight patients (50%) in group 2 (p = 0.007). All but one patient in group 1 (4%) and three patients in group 2 (19%) had perfusion defects (fixed or reversible). The number of segments with perfusion defects was 5.6 ± 2.6 in group 1 and 2.9 ± 2.3 in group 2 (p = 0.002); the peak creatine kinase was 1280 ± 880 Units/L in group 1 and 360 ± 340 Units/L in group 2 (p < 0.001); the left ventricular ejection fraction was 38 ± 14% in group 1 vs 43 ± 15% in group 2 (p = NS). Thus fixed perfusion defects are present in 92% of patients with Q waves and in 50% of patients with no Q waves.
Low Phase Noise 38GHz 20 dBm Source for PCN Radio Links

This paper describes-the first Low Cost, Low Phase Noise Source using Silicon Bipolar Transistor, GaAs PHEMT frequency multipliers and a GaAs PHEMT MMIC amplifier to achieve 20 dBm at 36 to 40 GHz. This source includes a Si MMIC prescaler to achieve an L-Band output for easy phase locking of the RF source. Phase noise of better than ?85 dBc/Hz at 100 KHz offset has been achieved at 40 GHz to help meet the system requirements of the PCN digital radio link.
ASEXUally: On Being an Ally to the Asexual Community

The development of allies is crucial to the asexual population. The asexual community is among the most under- researched and poorly understood sexual minority populations. Through discussion of basic information on asexuality, the distinction between asexuality and a diagnosable disorder, and ways that other identities intersect with asexuality, this article offers a foundation and model for asexual ally development. Based on the information presented, recommendations for counselor and counselor educator allies who are working with asexual identified, or potentially asexual individuals, are presented. Suggestions for future research on asexuality are also explored.
Pyrolysis-induced polymetallosiloxane coatings for aluminium substrates

Inorganic amorphous polymetallosiloxane (PMS) coating films on aluminium substrate were produced through the polycondensation-pyrolysis reaction mechanisms of a sol-precursor solution. The precursor solution was formed by HCl-catalysed hydrolysis of a mixture ofN-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazole (TSPI) and M(OC3H7)n, (M=Zr, Ti and Al,n=3 or 4). The TSPI/Zr(OC3H7)4 or Ti(OC3H7)4 precursor systems formed higher quality thin coating films, compared to the /Al(OC3H7) system. This was because of the critical formation of the polyorganosiloxane terminated by end groups containing zirconium and titanium oxides. These end groups were derived by a dechlorinating reaction between the Cl, bonded to the propyl C in organosilane, and the hydroxylated Zr or Ti compounds in the sintering stages of the film production. Good film-forming performance resulted from moderate degrees of cross-linking of metal oxides to polysiloxane chains and of the densification of metal -O-Si linkages in the pyrolysis-induced PMS network. In addition to these factors, the formation of an oxane bond at the interface between PMS and aluminium provided corrosion protection for the aluminium substrate.
The optimal L 1 problem for generalized polynomial monosplines and a related problem

We investigate generalized polynomial monosplines with fixed multiple knots and free multiple zeros which have minimal L 1 -norm. We call this subject the Optimal L 1 Problem for Generalized Polynomial Monosplines. We prove that there exists a unique monospline of this type. Related to this problem is a problem for monosplines with free knots which have a set of prescribed zeros. Also in this case the existence of a unique solution is shown
Harmonic starlikeness and convexity of integral operators generated by hypergeometric series

The object of this article is to study harmonic starlikeness and harmonic convexity of integral operators generated by hypergeometeric series. We also consider special cases of harmonic starlikeness and convexity of integral operators generated by incomplete beta functions.
Poloxamer 407 as a bacterial adhesive for hydrogel contact lenses.

Bacterial adherence and colonization of biomedical prosthetic implants is one of the main causes for implant withdrawal. The abhesive (anti-adhesive) effect of poloxamer 407 on several Gram-positive and Gramnegative strains and the site of action of its effect have been investigated. Poloxamer 407 significantly inhibited 92–99% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence to hydrophilic contact lenses (P <.05). This adherence inhibition was concentration-dependent. A reduction of about 50–60% was obtained for Staphylococcus strains, and 50–70% for Gram-negative strains other than Pseudomonas. The poloxamer seems to act on the bacteria surface, but not on the contact lens surface. Poloxamer 407 could potentially prevent implant-related infections and keratitis associated with contact lens wear, by inhibiting bacterial adherence onto the implant or contact lens surface. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cell number estimation via fluorescence measurement

Spectrofluorometry was applied to estimate cell number in anchorage dependent cell culture. Ethidium bromide was employed to stain the DNA molecule. Good agreement of cell count was obtained between a Coulter counter and the peak fluorescent intensity of ethidium bromide intercalated within the DNA of lysed cells. This procedure can be utilized to estimate the number of cells growing on surfaces from which trypsinization is ineffective.
Treatment of thyroid cancer metastases with TSH and I131 during thyroid hormone medication.

THIS report consists of a review of 50 cases of cancer of the thyroid observed during the last five years. In 13 of these, euthyroidism has been maintained by medication with desiccated thyroid or sodium-Zthyroxine (Baxter). An increased retention of radioactive iodine under the influence of TSH was obtained in 4 of these 13 cases. The demonstration that the pituitary hormone could induce increased uptake of radioactive iodine during thyroxine medication has been made in normal medical students (unpublished data). Exogenous thyroid hormone medication depresses endogenous thyrotropic secretion. The usual management of thyroid cancer is to anticipate the beneficial effect of profound hypothyroidism in such patients (1). This effect is an increased TSH production by the pituitary, causing a chronic stimulation of the tumor and/or metastases that will result in an increased uptake of the isotope. If such an improved uptake could be induced by parenteral TSH during the pituitary suppression accomplished by thy...
Salivary gland cytokine expression in NOD and normal BALB/c mice.

The autoimmune diabetes-prone nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops a chronic lymphocytic infiltration of endocrine and exocrine glands. The objectives of this study were to characterize the salivary immune infiltration and cytokine expression of NOD mice and compare these findings to those of normal BALB/c mice. A decline in salivary flow rates in NOD mice began between 8 and 12 weeks of age. At this same time lymphocytic foci are detectable in the salivary glands. Lymphocytic infiltration in the salivary glands of NOD mice increased with age and simultaneously salivary function declined. No lymphocytic infiltration was seen in BALB/c salivary tissues. Messenger RNA expression of several inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-10, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α was detected in the submandibular glands of both NOD and BALB/c mice by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. IL-4 synthesis was also present in some tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the intense expression of inflammatory cytokines within lymphocytic infiltrates and epithelial cells of all NOD mice. Minimal expression of the same cytokines was detected only occasionally in BALB/c tissues stained in parallel. These results demonstrate cytokine expression in the salivary glands of normal mice and suggest that the overexpression of these inflammatory cytokines is likely involved in the development and progression of the organ-localized autoimmunity in the salivary glands of NOD mice.
Frequency domain surface EMG sensor fusion for estimating finger forces

Extracting or estimating skeletal hand/finger forces using surface electro myographic (sEMG) signals poses many challenges due to cross-talk, noise, and a temporal and spatially modulated signal characteristics. Normal sEMG measurements are based on single sensor data. In this paper, array sensors are used along with a proposed sensor fusion scheme that result in a simple Multi-Input-Single-Output (MISO) transfer function. Experimental data is used along with system identification to find this MISO system. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach is employed to optimize the characteristics of the MISO system. The proposed fusion-based approach is tested experimentally and indicates improvement in finger/hand force estimation.
The Relationship of Place Re-Making and Watershed Group Participation in Appalachia

This article explores how participation in watershed groups creates a social space that mediates the relationship between biophysical places and place-protective action. We analyze qualitative data from a survey of more than 200 watershed group volunteers in the Appalachian region of the United States who were asked to describe experiences that encouraged or discouraged their participation. “Place” emerged as a key theme, with further delineations between made places (those highly affected by human activity, including coal extraction); natural places; and re-made places (those restored by the efforts of the watershed-group participants). Our findings suggest that the places themselves—and the natural, institutional, and social resources in these places—are more than a backdrop or setting for the volunteer activities; they also inspire, enhance, and are transformed by the act of volunteering.
ASYMPTOTICS OF ZEROS OF CERTAIN ENTIRE FUNCTIONS

We derive representations for some entire q-functions and use it to derive asymptotics and closed form expressions for large zeros of a class of entire functions including the Ramanujan function, and q-Bessel functions.
Tomosynthesis imaging with 2D scanning trajectories

Tomosynthesis imaging in chest radiography provides volumetric information with the potential for improved diagnostic value when compared to the standard AP or LAT projections. In this paper we explore the image quality benefits of 2D scanning trajectories when coupled with advanced image reconstruction approaches. It is intuitively clear that 2D trajectories provide projection data that is more complete in terms of Radon space filling, when compared with conventional tomosynthesis using a linearly scanned source. Incorporating this additional information for obtaining improved image quality is, however, not a straightforward problem. The typical tomosynthesis reconstruction algorithms are based on direct inversion methods e.g. Filtered Backprojection (FBP) or iterative algorithms that are variants of the Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART). The FBP approach is fast and provides high frequency details in the image but at the same time introduces streaking artifacts degrading the image quality. The iterative methods can reduce the image artifacts by using image priors but suffer from a slow convergence rate, thereby producing images lacking high frequency details. In this paper we propose using a fast converging optimal gradient iterative scheme that has advantages of both the FBP and iterative methods in that it produces images with high frequency details while reducing the image artifacts. We show that using favorable 2D scanning trajectories along with the proposed reconstruction method has the advantage of providing improved depth information for structures such as the spine and potentially producing images with more isotropic resolution.
Leucine uptake and incorporation at three stages of mouse oocyte maturation

Abstract Mouse oocytes at the dictyate, metaphase I and metaphase II stages of maturation were incubated with and without cumulus cells in 14 C-leucine (1.7 mM, spec. act. = 35 μCi/μmole) for a 1 h pulse after which the total amount of radioactivity taken up during this time and the amount present in the acid-insoluble fraction were measured. In the absence of cumulus cells there was a peak in total leucine uptake at metaphase I. Cumulus cells resulted in increased oocyte uptake at the dictyate stage, decreased uptake at metaphase I with no effect at metaphase II. The variations in uptake with maturation stage and cumulus cells were not paralleled by similar changes in the acid-insoluble radioactivity. There was no change in the acid-insoluble incorporation with progressive maturation, but there was a positive effect of cumulus cells at the dictyate and metaphase I stages. Small and large dictyate oocytes took up and incorporated similar amounts of leucine even though the smaller oocytes did not mature in vitro. The results are discussed in relation to the changing association between the oocyte and cumulus cells with progressive maturation.
A Novel Magnetic Separation Technique: Selective Separation of Ultrafine Particles by Magnetophoresis

Abstract The selective and specific extraction of species of interest from local environmental and other sample sources are important for scientific research, industrial processes, and environmental applications. A novel process for selective separation of magnetic particles using magnetophoresis is investigated. The principle of this process is that the direction and velocity of particle movement in a magnetic field gradient are determined by magnetic, gravitational, and drag forces. By selectively controlling these forces, it is possible to control the mobility of the different species and, therefore, magnetically fractionate mixtures of them into discrete groups. This study demonstrated the selective separation of various species, such as iron (III) oxide and cupric (II) oxide. Experimental results showed that around 70–80% of iron was selectively collected in the upper part of the separation media and around 90% of copper was concentrated in the lower part of the media. A magnetophoresis model was dev...
Reappraisal of the role of the diabetic state in coronary artery disease

Clinical and coronary arteriographic findings were evaluated in patients with angina pectoris who were considered not to have diabetes mellitus or to have chemical or clinical diabetes. Each of the three groups consisted of 100 consecutive referred patients. Neither the age of the patients nor duration of symptoms differed significantly among the groups. Hypertension, gout, and peripheral vascular disease were more frequent in the patients with clinical diabetes. There was no difference in serum cholesterol concentration among the groups, but plasma triglyceride levels and the frequency of type 4 hyperlipoproteinemia were significantly higher (P
Differential loss of enzyme activity by vitC and iron containing proteins.

Abstract Our earlier studies showed that rabbit muscle phosphoglucomutase was irreversibly inactivated by exposure to a mixture of vitamin C, FeCl 3 and O 2 . The enzyme lost about 70% of its phosphate (V.V. Desphande and J.G. Joshi, J. Biol. Chem. 260 , 754–764, 1985). The present report shows that several other iron proteins can substitute for FeCl 3 to a varying degree. The rate of inactivation by FeCl 3 > ferritin > hemoglobin = hemerythrin > transferrin = ferridoxin = vitamin C. These iron compounds also produced dephosphoenzyme but did not dephosphorylate ATP, ADP, AMP or phospholipids.