cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy and CO oxidation activity of Au/Al2O3 treated with NaCN

Gold nanoparticles were supported on Al2O3 by a deposition–precipitation method followed by heating in He. The resulting catalyst was then treated with NaCN solutions to remove most of the gold. X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Au LIII edge was used to monitor the oxidation state and atomic structure of Au throughout the procedure. The gold or a Au/Al2O3 sample after deposition–precipitation was in a +3 oxidation state and was subsequently reduced to metal after heating to 623 K in He. Treatment of a reduced sample with either 1 or 2 wt. % NaCN in water removed 79% or 86% of the Au, respectively. Although the remaining Au was cationic, it was also reduced to metal after heating to 623 K in He. The rate of CO oxidation per gold atom, the apparent activation energy, and the orders of reaction were unaffected by the NaCN treatments. These results show that alumina does not stabilize cationic Au species and that metallic Au appears to be important for the CO oxidation reaction. The presence of water or H2 increased the rate of CO oxidation over all of the Au/Al2O3 catalysts. However, the promotional effect of co-fed water was greater over the NaCN treated samples.
Effect of Aldosterone on Na+ Transport in a Model Renal Epithelial Cell Line

Aldosterone, a principle hormone controlling salt and water balance in vertebrates, acts by altering the expression of defined proteins in transporting epithelial cells. While several aldosterone-induced proteins have been identified, the mechanism of hormone action as well as the key, rate-limiting steps involved in the pathway remain unknown.
Cincinnati Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM)

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) worked with Cincinnati Incorporated (CI) to demonstrate Big Area Additive Manufacturing which increases the speed of the additive manufacturing (AM) process by over 1000X, increases the size of parts by over 10X and shows a cost reduction of over 100X. ORNL worked with CI to transition the Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM) technology from a proof-of-principle (TRL 2-3) demonstration to a prototype product stage (TRL 7-8).
Shape-Based Approximation Method for Low-Thrust Trajectory Optimization

Mission design using low-thrust propulsion requires a method for approximating the spacecraft’s trajectory and its cost. This can be for the purpose of evaluating a large search space or for providing a suitable initial guess to be used with more-accurate trajectory optimizers that are more likely to converge when given an initial guess satisfying the equation of motion constraints and the terminal boundary conditions. A new low-thrust 3D shape-based approximation method is developed and tested on two sample problems that require interception and rendezvous trajectories. The method quickly locates near-optimal minimum fuel solutions for the examples presented.
Imaging features and metastatic pattern of non-IVC retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas: are they different from IVC leiomyosarcomas?

PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to describe the imaging features and metastatic pattern of non-inferior vena cava (IVC) retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas (non-IVC LMS) and to compare them with those of IVC leiomyosarcomas (IVC LMS) to assess any differences between the 2 groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this institutional review board-approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective study, all 56 patients with pathologically confirmed primary retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma (34 non-IVC LMS and 22 IVC LMS) seen at our tertiary cancer center during a 10-year period were included. All available imaging of primary tumor (18 non-IVC LMS and 19 IVC LMS) and follow-up imaging studies (on all 56 patients) were reviewed in consensus by 2 fellowship-trained oncoradiologists. Imaging features and metastatic spread of non-IVC LMS were described and compared with those of IVC LMS. Continuous variables were compared using the Student t test, binary variables with the Fisher exact test, and survival using the log-rank test. RESULTS Non-inferior vena cava retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas had a mean size of 11.3 cm (range, 3.7-27 cm) and most commonly occurred in the perirenal space (16/18). Primary tumors were hyperattenuating to muscle (11/18) and showed heterogeneous enhancement (17/18). Lungs (22/34), peritoneum (18/34), and liver (18/34) were the most common metastatic sites. There was no significant difference between the imaging features and metastatic pattern of non-IVC and IVC LMS. Although non-IVC LMS presented at a more advanced stage (P < 0.002), there was statistically non-significant trend toward better median survival of non-IVC LMS (P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS Non-inferior vena cava retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas are large heterogeneous tumors arising in the perirenal space and frequently metastasize to lungs, peritoneum, and liver. From a radiologist's perspective, non-IVC LMS behave similar to IVC-LMS.
Hapithus melodius and H. brevipennis: Musical and Mute Sister Species in Florida (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Hapithus melodius , n. sp., and H. brevipennis (Saussure) are morphologically similar, contiguously allopatric species. The former is restricted to south peninsular Florida and sings; the latter occurs northward to southern Georgia and westward to Louisiana and is mute. The calling song of melodius has a unique pulse rhythm. Pulse sequences last 10-20 sec with pulses delivered at an irregular, gradually increasing rate.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PILOT COMMANDS IN AIRCRAFT CONTROL: A NEW APPROACH BASED ON DYNAMIC INVERSION

Using the principle of dynamic inversion, a new control synthesis approach is presented for implementing the pilot commands in aircraft control. The command inputs from the pilot are assumed to be (i) the normal acceleration and forward velocity commands in the longitudinal mode (roll rate command being zero) and (ii) roll rate, height and forward velocity commands in the lateral mode. Turn coordination criterion requirement leads us to fix the lateral acceleration command as zero. Unlike an existing technique where the normal and lateral acceleration commands are first transformed into pitch and yaw rate commands respectively, in the new approach there is no such requirement in the longitudinal mode. In the lateral mode, however, only the height command is first transformed into pitch-rate command before the control is computed. Unlike the existing procedure, the new straight forward approach leads to a number of advantages; namely lesser oscillatory response, lesser control magnitude and lesser number of design parameters. In a comparison study with the existing method using the Six-DOF model for Boeing 747 (a transport aircraft), numerical results clearly show the improved performance of this new approach.
Management of problematic behaviours among individuals on long-term opioid therapy: protocol for a Delphi study.

Introduction Given the sharp rise in opioid prescribing and heightened recognition of opioid addiction and overdose, opioid safety has become a priority. Clinical guidelines on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) for chronic pain consistently recommend routine monitoring and screening for problematic behaviours. Yet, there is no consensus definition regarding what constitutes a problematic behaviour, and recommendations for appropriate management to inform front-line providers, researchers and policymakers are lacking. This creates a barrier to effective guideline implementation. Thus, our objective is to present the protocol for a Delphi study designed to: (1) elicit expert opinion to identify the most important problematic behaviours seen in clinical practice and (2) develop consensus on how these behaviours should be managed in the context of routine clinical care. Methods/analysis We will include clinical experts, defined as individuals who provide direct patient care to adults with chronic pain who are on LTOT in an ambulatory setting, and for whom opioid prescribing for chronic non-malignant pain is an area of expertise. The Delphi study will be conducted online in 4 consecutive rounds. Participants will be asked to list problematic behaviours and identify which behaviours are most common and challenging. They will then describe how they would manage the most frequently occurring common and challenging behaviours, rating the importance of each management strategy. Qualitative analysis will be used to categorise behaviours and management strategies, and consensus will be based on a definition established a priori. Ethics/dissemination This study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). This study will generate Delphi-based expert consensus on the management of problematic behaviours that arise in individuals on LTOT, which we will publish and disseminate to appropriate professional societies. Ultimately, our findings will provide guidance to front-line providers, researchers and policymakers.
Study of New Selective Water-Shut off Gels

Polymers are very popular in studying of new water-shut off gels because they can plug water well more than oil.Plugging agent with long chain polymer can be obtained through the aqueous solution copolymerization synthetic.It reduces the water phase permeability with water phase"drag"effect by means of polymer molecular chain in water phase stretch and in the oil phase contraction.This gels has higher strength and water absorption performance.It may obtain good results for oil well deep water plugging.
The role of thermal migration and low-temperature melt in granitoid formation: Can granite form without rhyolitic melt?

ABSTRACTThe bulk composition of silicic igneous rocks hovers directly over the ‘minimum melt’ located on the NaAlSi3O8–KAlSi3O8–SiO2 ternary. It is universally accepted that these rocks are igneous, reflecting the thermodynamic equilibrium between minerals and melt. However, there is a contradiction between the use of this phase diagram and current models of differentiation: fractional crystallization or partial melting (or any mechanical separation process) implies granites were melts extracted from a quartz-bearing residue.Here, I propose that a thermodynamically controlled process, wet thermal migration, provides a more consistent explanation for producing silicic rocks. This process, when coupled with slow incremental emplacement of sills, allows magmatic differentiation to take place without mechanical separation and produces minimum-melt compositions from input magmas not saturated in quartz. Examination of phase equilibria in the SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–K2O–H2O system, as well as assessment of thermodynami...
Molecular Detection of Occult Tumor Cells

One of the key roles performed by pathologists is determination of the presence or absence of tumor cells in clinical samples. This is the basis for most approaches to staging, monitoring response to treatment, and detecting relapse of neoplasia and, as such, is a critical step in determining the course of patient management. Pathologists have utilized a variety of approaches, continually seeking to improve performance and thus patient outcome. The literature reflects this quest, including reports assessing the increased sensitivity afforded by step sectioning, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and, more recently, molecular approaches for the detection of tumor cells in blood, bone marrow, and lymph node samples. The goal is, of course, the more accurate detection of disease spread and, ultimately, better patient care.
Mid-Infrared Femtosecond Spectroscopy of Intersubband Hot Hole Relaxation in Quantum Wells

The relaxation time of hot holes generated by a subpicosecond mid-infrared pulse tuned on resonance with the intersubband transition energy of InGaAs quantum wells is measured as a function of temperature, doping density and excitation intensity. A model in which the relaxation time corresponds to the n=1 light hole-phonon scattering time reproduces the experimental features.
Modeling Reduced User Experience Caused by Visual Latency

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of delayed visual feedback on users’ motor performance and subject experience. In a Fitt’s-law target acquisition task, participants moved a cursor from a home location to a spherical target with delayed visual feedback. The experimental trials were blocked by latency (Experiment 1) to allow participants to get adapted to a constant delay or tested in random order (Experiment 2). Both experiments found significant impact of delay on motor performance, and the larger the Index of Difficulty of movement, the greater the performance detriment. A modified Fitts’-law model described the results very well with an additional multiplicative component of latency. Participants’ ratings of subjective experience with different latencies could be well-predicted from their motor performance. Between-experiments comparisons further revealed the effects of sensorimotor adaptation to constant delays. The results provide guidance to the design of VR/AR/tele-operative applications.
Psychopathology in Individuals with Mental Retardation

Mental retardation is a categorization for a heterogeneous group of individuals with deficits in cognitive and adaptive functioning manifest prior to their 18th birthday. Those presenting with mental retardation display individual patterns of strengths and weaknesses across academic, language, social, emotional, and physical skills performances. The developmental course for individuals with mental retardation is not as inflexible as once thought. Multiple, unique developmental challenges face these children and their caregivers alike How these challenges are resolved contributes significantly to the eventual developmental outcomes of children with mental retardation.
Modeling Health Care Spending Growth of Older Adults.

Objective To forecast out-of-pocket health care spending among older adults. Long-term forecasts allow policy makers to explore potential impacts of policy scenarios, but existing microsimulations do not incorporate details of supplemental insurance coverage and income effects on health care spending. Data Sources Dynamic microsimulation calibrated to survey and administrative data. Study Design We augment Urban Institute's Dynamic Simulation of Income Model (DYNASIM) with modules that incorporate demand responses and economic equilibria, with dynamics driven by exogenous technological change. A lengthy technical appendix provides details of the microsimulation model and economic assumptions for readers interested in applying these techniques. Principal Findings The model projects total out-of-pocket spending (point of care plus premiums) as a share of income for adults aged 65 and older. People with lower incomes and poor health fare worse, despite protections of Medicaid. Spending rises 40 percent from 2012 to 2035 (from 10 to 14 percent of income) for the median beneficiary, but it increases from 5 to 25 percent of income for low-income beneficiaries and from 23 to 29 percent for the near poor who are in fair/poor health. Conclusions Despite Medicare coverage, near-poor seniors will face out-of-pocket spending that would render them, in practical terms, underinsured.
Comparison of Clinical and Radiological Results according to Glenosphere Position in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Short-term Follow-up Study.

Background In a previous biomechanical study, eccentric glenospheres with more inferior position of the center of rotation were shown to improve range of motion and reduce the incidence of scapular notching after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of RSA using an eccentric glenosphere to those using a concentric glenosphere and to determine the usefulness of the eccentric glenosphere. Methods From 2009 to 2015, we performed a retrospective review of 20 consecutive patients who underwent RSA using a deltopectoral approach. Nine patients underwent RSA using a concentric glenosphere (group A) while 11 had an eccentric glenosphere (group B). The average follow-up period was 13.9 months (range, 12 to 18 months). All glenoid components were placed with 15° of inferior tilt. Clinical results were assessed using the visual analog pain scale score (VAS), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon (ASES) score, the Korean shoulder scoring system (KSS), and the Constant score. On radiological evaluation, prosthesisscapular neck angle (PSNA), peg-glenoid rim distance (PGRD), scapular neck-inferior glenoshere rim distance (inferior glenoshpere overhang), acromion-greater tuberosity (AT) distance, glenoid-greater tuberosity (GT) distance, and severity of notching according to the Nerot-Sirveaux classification were assessed. Results The clinical results improved significantly in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. A significant intergroup difference was observed with regard to PGRD (24.8 ± 1.6 mm for group A vs. 22.2 ± 1.9 mm for group B; p = 0.002) and inferior glenosphere overhang (2.0 ± 1.7 mm for group A vs. 5.8 ± 1.6 mm for group B; p = 0.000). Seven of 9 patients in group A developed notching compared with 2 of 11 patients in group B (p = 0.022). The other radiological parameters such as inferior tilt and AT and GT distances were not significantly different between two groups. Complications such as loosening and scapular fractures did not occur. Conclusions The eccentric glenosphere in RSA was more effective in reducing the rate of notching than the concentric glenosphere although clinical outcomes were not significantly different in the short-term follow-up.
Preliminary test of cigarette nicotine discrimination threshold in non-dependent versus dependent smokers.

Abstract Background Despite its potential for understanding tobacco dependence, behavioral discrimination of nicotine via smoking has not been formally examined as a function of nicotine dependence level. Methods Spectrum research cigarettes were used to compare non-dependent with dependent smokers on the lowest content of nicotine they could discriminate (i.e., “threshold”). Dependent (n = 21; 16 M, 5 F) or non-dependent (n = 7; 4 M, 3 F) smokers were tested on ability to discriminate between cigarettes with nicotine contents of 17, 11, 5, 2, and 1 mg/g, one per session, from an “ultra-low” cigarette with 0.4 mg/g (all had 9–10 mg “tar”). All abstained from smoking overnight prior to sessions, and number of sessions was determined by the lowest nicotine content they could reliably discriminate from the ultra-low on >80% of trials (i.e., ≥5 of 6). Subjective perceptions and cigarette choice behavior were also assessed and related to discrimination behavior. Results Discrimination thresholds (and most perceptions) did not differ between dependent and non-dependent smokers, with median thresholds of 11 mg/g for both subgroups. Yet, “liking” and puff choice for threshold cigarettes were greater in dependent but not non-dependent smokers, while cigarettes with nicotine contents below threshold did not support “liking” or choice in both groups. Conclusions In sum, this preliminary study suggests threshold for discriminating nicotine via smoking may not vary by dependence level, and further study is needed to confirm that cigarettes unable to be discriminated are also not reinforcing.
An investigation of visibility and flexibility as complements to supply chain analytics: An organizational information processing theory perspective

Many businesses are seeking to develop and exploit analytics capabilities today. Using organizational information processing theory (OIPT), we study demand visibility and supply visibility as foundational resources for analytics capability, and organizational flexibility as a complementary capability. We further examine relationships among these factors under varying conditions of market volatility, a type of environmental uncertainty. The results from our analysis of data from 191 global firms indicate that both demand and supply visibility are associated with the development of analytics capability. In turn, analytics capability is shown to be more strongly associated with operational performance when supply chain organizations also possess organizational flexibility needed to act upon analytics-generated insights quickly and efficiently. Furthermore, the empirical results indicate that analytics capability and organizational flexibility are more valuable as complementary capabilities for firms who operate in volatile markets, rather than in stable ones. These findings extend OIPT to create a better understanding of contemporary applications of information processing technologies, while also providing theoretically grounded guidance to managers in the development of analytics capabilities within their firms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The Use of Prayer to Manage Anger: Do Characteristics of the Emotional Experience Matter?

Research has established that individuals use prayer to manage negative emotions, yet little is known about how the characteristics of individuals’ emotional experiences—such as how long the emotions last and the source of emotions—influence the use of this emotion management strategy. Using data from the 1996 General Social Survey emotion module (N = 1114), we evaluate the extent to which the use of prayer to manage anger is associated with: the intensity, source, and duration of negative emotions experienced; reflection on the negative emotion-inducing incident; and perceived appropriateness of emotional reaction. Estimated logistic regression models show that characteristics of emotional experiences (except perceived appropriateness) are significantly associated with the use of prayer to manage anger. The analyses reveal that the appropriateness of using prayer to manage negative emotions varies based on specific aspects of the emotional experience, carrying implications for interventions such as pastoral counseling or anger management programs.
KSHV Episomes: Rugged Individualists on the Factory Floor

We have recently developed tools to study Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated virus (KSHV) reactivation at the single-episome level. Using immunofluorescent labeling of latent nuclear antigen (LANA) protein to localize viral episomes, combined with fluorescence in situ RNA hybridization (RNA-FISH) of an intron region of immediate early transcripts, we have visualized active transcription of viral genomes in infected cells. At this level, we observed that not all episomes within a single cell were uniformly transcribed following reactivation stimuli. However, those episomes that were transcribed, formed large aggregates containing a significant fraction of cellular RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), foci consistent with previously described viral transcriptional factories. This focal assembly of RNAPII on viral episomes was accompanied by an overall decrease in the pool of cellular RNAPII. Additionally, the viral transcriptional factories localized with replicating viral genomic DNAs. This co-localization suggests that KSHV may assemble an “all-in-one” workroom for both gene transcription and DNA replication. While previous studies have reported on the variable response of individual KSHV infected cells or episomes derived from a population during reactivation, our results expose this variation further by demonstrating heterogeneity in the response of individual KSHV episomes within a single reactivating cell.
Critique [of Griggs and Corrothers: Historical Reality and Black Fiction]

The foregoing essay by James Robert Payne describes two important pieces of Afroamerican literature and places them within their historical context. Payne offers a tantalizing account of those examples of late nineteenth and early twentieth century black nationalist writing; he fails, however, to explain their historical significance in terms of black nationalist thought around the turn of the century.
A new cave population of catfish from Mexico. What’s on their menu? Frog legs

We report on a new population of catfish that inhabits a cave in Guerrero, Mexico. These fish have large eyes with all the normal retinal layers. Nonetheless, their apparent reduced reaction to light, reduced pigmentation, enlarged sensory organs, and biogeography hint that they could be a stable underground population, possibly cave adapted, and not just accidentals. We also report on the feeding habits of one individual, which included arthropods and, most interestingly, a frog.
Impact Biomechanics of the Abdomen

The abdominal organs are located under the dome-shaped diaphragm and most of the organs have no skeletal protection. The organs directly under the diaphragm have minimal protection from the lower ribs which have cartilaginous connections to the sternum and are not very strong. However, these organs are vulnerable to injury in an automotive crash and a delayed diagnosis of severe trauma can be fatal. Thus, tolerance of the abdomen to blunt trauma is a concern for automotive safety engineers. The topic is covered quite completely by Rouhana (1993) in a book chapter that details almost all aspects of the biomechanics of abdominal injury. It is recommended reading for anyone interested in the details of abdominal injury due to blunt impact.
Returns to Scaling: Inter-Field Comparability of Citations to Business Scholarship

Citation measures are often employed to evaluate scholarship in business schools. We document here that citation practice as measured by the number of references per published article varies systematically across top-ranked journals in business school fields (accounting, economics, finance, management, marketing, MIS, and operations). We develop a set of scale factors, based on references per article and inter-field citation patterns, for making citation measures comparable across fields. Because economics articles tend to cite literature sparingly, raw citation measures are systematically biased against economic scholarship.
Modeling Semantics between Programming Codes and Annotations

It is a common practice for programmers to leave annotations during program development. Most of the annotated documentations are predominantly being used as the archive of the coding events for limited developers. We hypothesize that these annotations captured mass amount of valuable information which can be utilized to identify similar codes or to examine code quality. However, due to the annotating behaviors vary and the language composition can be complex, this work sets out to investigate a systematic method to examine the annotation semantics and their relations with codes. We designed a semantic parser to extract concepts from codes and the corresponding annotations. Additionally, text mining techniques are applied to summarize linguistic features from the annotations. We then build models to predict concepts in programming code annotations. Results show that the proposed semantic modeling method achieved a higher performance compared to a random guessed baseline.
Operationalizing resilience for conservation objectives: the 4S's

Although resilience thinking is increasingly popular and attractive among restoration practitioners, it carries an abstract quality that hinders effective application. Because resilience and its components are defined differently in social and ecological contexts, individual managers or stakeholders may disagree on the definition of a system's state, occurrence of a state change, preferred state characteristics, and appropriate methods to achieve success. Nevertheless, incentives and mandates often force managers to demonstrate how their work enhances resilience. Unclear or conflicting definitions can lead to ineffective or even detrimental decision‐making in the name of resilience; essentially, any convenient action can be touted as resilience‐enhancing in this case. We contend that any successful resilience management project must clearly identify up‐front the stressors of concern, state traits, scales of appropriate management, and success indicators (the 4S's) relevant to the management targets. We propose a deliberate process for determining these components in advance of resilience management for conservation. Our recommendations were inspired and informed by two case studies wherein different definitions of stressors, state, scales, and success would result in very different management choices, with potentially serious consequences for biodiversity targets.
Microparticle-induced vascular injury in mice following decompression is inhibited by hyperbaric oxygen: effects on microparticles and interleukin-1β.

High pressure/decompression causes vascular damage because it stimulates production of microparticles that contain high concentrations of interleukin-1β, and hyperbaric oxygen can prevent injuries.
Open-Top Light-Sheet Microscopy Image Atlas of Prostate Core Needle Biopsies.

Context.— Ex vivo microscopy encompasses a range of techniques to examine fresh or fixed tissue with microscopic resolution, eliminating the need to embed the tissue in paraffin or produce a glass ...
Direct admission to a surgical service reduces hospital length of stay for patients with biliary disease

Background: Biliary tract disease is a common condition often necessitating surgical intervention. It has been suggested that categorically admitting these patients to a surgical service rather than a medical service may improve patient outcomes. Our objective was to assess the impact of a protocol change that mandated preferentially admitting patients with biliary disease to a surgical service. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of patients presenting with biliary disease to a single institution before and after a protocol change that mandated admitting these patients directly to a surgical service. A generalized linear regression model was conducted to analyze the effect of practice change on length of stay, which was primary studied outcome. Results: A total of 3,389 patients were included in the study (n = 1,866 for pre, and n=1,523 for post). There was no difference in hospital length of stay between pre and post groups for non-operative patients (1.9 days ± 4.3 versus 1.9 days ±5.2, p = .972). However, for operative patients, length of stay was shorter for the post group (4.1 days ± 6.1 vs 6.3 days ± 14.0, p = .066). The linear regression model found that operative patients had an increased probability of having a longer length of stay (coefficient, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.14, 0.29; p < .001). Conclusion: Admission of patients with biliary disease to a surgical service rather than a medical service is associated with shorter length of stay for patients who undergo an operative intervention. An approach of admitting all patients presenting with biliary disease to a surgical service has the potential to significantly reduce hospital costs. Our study supports primary responsibility for surgeons in the care of patients with potentially operative conditions.
Aristotle on Narrative Intelligence

In the Poetics Aristotle connects the experience of mimetic works with learning (Poet. 4.1448b5-18). This essay offers an interpretation of the kind of understanding that spectators/readers gain from the experience of tragedy and of its relation to other forms of knowledge. It suggests that, although it is different from, and inferior to, practical and theoretical wisdom, “narrative intelligence” is connected to both. It is directed to the kinds of objects that are the focus of practical intelligence in use, but understands them in a way that is analogous to philosophical learning.
HD-QUANTUM VERTEX ALGEBRAS AND BICHARACTERS

We define a new class of quantum vertex algebras, based on the Hopf algebra HD = ℂ[D] of "infinitesimal translations" generated by D. Besides the braiding map describing the obstruction to commutativity of products of vertex operators, HD-quantum vertex algebras have as a main new ingredient a "translation map" that describes the obstruction of vertex operators to satisfying translation covariance. The translation map also appears as obstruction to the state-field correspondence being a homomorphism. We use a bicharacter construction of Borcherds to construct a large class of HD-quantum vertex algebras. One particular example of this construction yields a quantum vertex algebra that contains the quantum vertex operators introduced by Jing in the theory of Hall–Littlewood polynomials.
Electronic medical record-based interventions to encourage opioid prescribing best practices in the emergency department.

Abstract Objective Overdose from opioids has reached epidemic proportions. Large healthcare systems can utilize existing technology to encourage responsible opioid prescribing practices. Our study measured the effects of using the electronic medical record (EMR) with direct clinician feedback to standardize opioid prescribing practices within a large healthcare system. Methods This retrospective multicenter study compared a 12 month pre- and post-intervention in 14 emergency departments after four interventions utilizing the EMR were implemented: (1) deleting clinician preference lists, (2) defaulting dose, frequency, and quantity, (3) standardizing formulary to encourage best practices, and (4) creating dashboards for clinician review with current opioid prescribing practices. Outlying clinicians received feedback through email and direct counseling. Total number of opioid prescriptions per 100 discharges pre- and post-intervention were recorded as primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included number of prescriptions per 100 discharges/clinician exceeding 3-day supply (defined as 12 tablets), number exceeding 30 morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD)/day, and number of non-formulary prescriptions. Results There were >700,000 discharges during pre- and post-intervention periods. Percentage of total number opioid prescriptions per 100 discharges decreased from 14.4% to 7.4%, a 7.0% absolute reduction, (95% CI,6.9%–7.2%). There was a 5.9% to 0.7% reduction in prescriptions exceeding 3-days, (95% CI, 5.1%–5.3%), a 4.3% to 0.3% reduction in prescriptions exceeding 30 MEDD, (95% CI, 3.9%–4.0%), and a 0.3% to 0.1% reduction in non-formulary prescriptions, (95% CI, 0.2%–0.3%). Conclusions A multi modal approach using EMR interventions which provide real time data and direct feedback to clinicians can facilitate appropriate opioid prescribing.
A Redesign Approach for Improving Animal Care Services for Researchers

Because a research institution's animal care and use program oversees the provision of services specified in approved protocols designed by researchers, the effective provision of services within these programs is paramount to ensuring the humane care and treatment of research animals in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations and institutional policies. To improve the services provided to researchers through animal care and use programs, we investigated the relationship between the researchers who conduct these types of studies and the veterinary operations that provide care and treatment for research animals. Through a case study conducted at a leading public research university, we used an action-research approach to redesign aspects of the process through which researchers and the veterinary operations interact by using the Design for Six Sigma methodology. Using this structured approach for building quality into the design of a process to better serve customers, we identified and prioritized researchers' expectations regarding the role of veterinary operations in supporting their animal research activities. In addition, ideas for addressing researchers' top-rated needs were generated through focus groups. By updating online resources, creating checklists and newsletters, and hiring additional veterinary staff, the services provided were amended to provide researchers with increased access to valuable information, improved clarity regarding the process for obtaining access to research facilities, and enhanced support for animal care services.
Porch pirates: examining unattended package theft through crime script analysis

Package theft is an emerging crime type due to the tremendous growth in online shopping and the delivery of goods directly to a home. Unattended delivery creates an opportunity for thieves to steal...
RGS5 plays a significant role in renal cell carcinoma

Recent advances in biotechnology led to generation of large complex biological and clinical datasets that can be used to infer the underlying mechanism of many diseases and arrive at personalized t...
Curated nostalgia—constructing and consuming the city through a culinary adventure

Abstract This case study examines how the unique relationship between food and the city helps shape what we consider a negotiation between often conflicting narratives. Within the context of a thematic dining series titled Los Angeles Eats Itself, we explore culinary adventure as a driver for the complex set of relationships between food, what we term “curated nostalgia,” and identity—the personal identity of the particular urban dweller and the symbolic identity of the city taken as a dynamic totality. As a curated, scripted dinner series, Los Angeles Eats Itself sensationalizes dark episodes of the city’s past—using the thrill of prurient events to help us reexamine our relationship with the city’s identity, and the myriad ways we consume it.
When Does the Public Get It Right? The Information Environment and the Accuracy of Economic Sentiment:

Public evaluations of the economy are key for understanding how citizens develop policy opinions and monitor government performance. But what drives economic evaluations? In this article, we argue ...
Sounding the Alarm for White America-and Maybe the Rest of Us

The rise in mortality Case and Deaton uncovered is extremely rare Since the 1918 flu pandemic, only the Soviet Union before its collapse and Africa in the midst of the HIV/AIDS epidemic have experienced declining life expectancy [ ]Woolf et al also showed that an increase in deaths occurred for a wide range of causes, beyond "deaths of despair " [ ]it may be more useful to consider racism, and how it has shaped US capitalism and its inequalities, not despair, as our most lethal killer >4jPH CORRESPONDENCE Correspondence should be sent to Mary T Bassett, MD, Director, Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (e-mail: mbassett@hsph harvard edu)
An extended operational-space control algorithm for satellite manipulators

A new control algorithm, called the extended operational-space method, is presented for control of free-floating space robots. Experimental and simulation results are presented, for two-dimensional (laboratory) and three-dimensional (simulation) robot configurations. The method's significance is discussed for robot design, and for teleoperator and autonomous control of free-floating robots.
Detecting Ecological Impacts Caused by Human Activities

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the detection of ecological impacts caused by human activities. It considers the approaches that can isolate effects of particular activities from nonhuman sources of natural variation as well as background variation, caused by other anthropogenic events. Such approaches reduce the uncertainty that underlies the documentation of effects of anthropogenic impacts. It focuses on the field assessment of localized impacts that potentially affect ecological systems with two major views: the field assessments are absolutely essential to understanding human impacts because they complement and provide field tests of predictions provided by risk assessment, and that the improved sampling designs are critical to improving the quality and utility of results obtained from field assessments. Uncertainty in predictions from risk assessment models is acknowledged and is limited to two sources: uncertainty about the actual value of parameters that are estimated from the studies underlying the Risk Assessment model, and uncertainty about the environmental inputs to the model. Estimates of these sources of error are incorporated into a risk assessment analysis to estimate the uncertainty associated with the predictions of the model.
Difference between hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier and non-oxygen carrying plasma expander on cardiac function during hemorrhagic shock resuscitation (545.1)

Study aimed to establish the role of acellular hemoglobin (Hb) based oxygen carrier on cardiac function during anemia. Anesthetized Golden Syrian hamsters under mechanical ventilation with air were...
Conformational analysis—XCII : The structures and inversion barriers of cyclooctatetraene, tetramethylcyclooctatetraene, and octamethylcyclooctatetraene

Abstract The molecular structures of the title compounds have been calculated by the molecular mechanics (SCF-Westheimer) method in fair agreement with experiment. The calculated barriers to mechanical inversion are, respectively, 15·1, 24·3, and 94 kcal/mol. For cyclooctatetraene, the major contribution to the barrier is the bending energy required to force the ring planar. For the methylated derivatives, in addition to this term, the major contributions are primarily a result of unfavorable van der Waals interactions in the planar transition state, and deformations the molecules undergo to relieve those repulsions.
Process Modeling using Structured Neural Networks

A modeling approach is developed which combines a partial first principles model, incorporating the available prior knowledge about the process being modeled, with a neural network which serves as a non-parametric estimator of unmeasured process parameters that are difficult to model. This hybrid model is superior to standard "black-box" neural network models in that it interpolates and extrapolates much more accurately, is easier to analyze and interpret, and requires significantly fewer training examples. The hybrid network model, when used to model a fedbatch bioreactor, gives estimates of the unobserved process parameters and can be used to make predictions. This approach can also be applied when only part of the state is measured by using a state reconstruction method for the first principles component of the hybrid model.
Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zum Problem der Cytomorphogenese vonMicrasterias denticulata Bréb

Wachsende, sich differenzierende Zellen vonMicrasterias denticulata Breb. wurden 10 bis 15 Minuten mit Glutaraldehyd fixiert, mit OsO4 nachfixiert und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht.
The role of functional postsynaptic NMDA receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala in opioid dependence.

Abstract Activation of ionotropic N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors in limbic system nuclei, such as the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), plays an essential role in autonomic, behavioral, and affective processes that are profoundly impacted by exposure to opioids. However, the heterogeneous ultrastructural distribution of the NMDA receptor, its complex pharmacology, and the paucity of genetic models have hampered the development of linkages between functional amygdala NMDA receptors and opioid dependence. To overcome these shortcomings, high-resolution imaging and molecular pharmacology were used to (1) Identify the ultrastructural localization of the essential NMDA-NR1 receptor (NR1) subunit and its relationship to the mu-opioid receptor (µOR), the major cellular target of abused opioids like morphine, in the CeA and (2) Determine the effect of CeA NR1 deletion on the physical, and particularly, psychological aspects of opioid dependence. Combined immunogold and immuoperoxidase electron microscopic analysis showed that NR1 was prominently expressed in postsynaptic (i.e., somata, dendrites) locations of CeA neurons, where they were also frequently colocalized with the µOR. A spatial–temporal deletion of NR1 in postsynaptic sites of CeA neurons was produced by local microinjection of a neurotropic recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter and Cre recombinase (rAAV–GFP–Cre), in adult “floxed” NR1 (fNR1) mice. Mice with deletion of NR1 in the CeA showed no obvious impairments in sensory, motor, or nociceptive function. In addition, when administered chronic morphine, these mice also displayed an acute physical withdrawal syndrome precipitated by naloxone. However, opioid-dependent CeA NR1 knockout mice failed to exhibit a conditioned place aversion induced by naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. These results indicate that postsynaptic NMDA receptor activity in central amygdala neurons is required for the expression of a learned affective behavior associated with opioid withdrawal. The neurogenetic dissociation of physical and psychological properties of opioid dependence demonstrates the value of combined ultrastructural analysis and molecular pharmacology in clarifying the neurobiological mechanisms subserving opioid-mediated plasticity.
Design, fabrication, and packaging of an integrated, wirelessly-powered optrode array for optogenetics application

The recent development of optogenetics has created an increased demand for advancing engineering tools for optical modulation of neural circuitry. This paper details the design, fabrication, integration, and packaging procedures of a wirelessly-powered, light emitting diode (LED) coupled optrode neural interface for optogenetic studies. The LED-coupled optrode array employs microscale LED (μLED) chips and polymer-based microwaveguides to deliver light into multi-level cortical networks, coupled with microelectrodes to record spontaneous changes in neural activity. An integrated, implantable, switched-capacitor based stimulator (SCS) system provides high instantaneous power to the μLEDs through an inductive link to emit sufficient light and evoke neural activities. The presented system is mechanically flexible, biocompatible, miniaturized, and lightweight, suitable for chronic implantation in small freely behaving animals. The design of this system is scalable and its manufacturing is cost effective through batch fabrication using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. It can be adopted by other groups and customized for specific needs of individual experiments.
Supplemental Calcium Applications to Creeping Bentgrass Established on Calcareous Sand

Sand-based athletic fields and golf course greens may contain large amounts of CaCO 3 . Calcium is frequently applied to these areas based on the belief that the Ca within the CaCO 3 is not readily available for plant use. Our objectives were to determine if Ca applied to creeping bentgrass grown on calcareous sand increases Ca uptake, affects the clipping yield or quality of the grass plant, or affects the availability of other nutrients. A 2-yr field trial was initiated on a calcareous sand-based green established with 'Crenshaw' creeping bentgrass {Agrostis palustris Huds. [= Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris (Hods.) Farw.]}. Treatments included gypsum (CaSO 4 ), CaCO 3 , Ca nitrate j[a(NO 3 ) 2 -4H 2 O], and liquid Ca chelate applied across five months at 4.5 g Ca m -2 per month and an untreated control. Urea was added to balance the N found in the Ca(NO 3 ) 2 and Ca chelate treatments. Throughout the experiment, there were no differences in tissue Ca content, visual quality, or clipping yield in response to the Ca treatments. With the exception of the CaSO 4 treatment in 1999, application of Ca did not significantly affect the leaf concentrations of the other nutrients. During the first year, creeping bentgrass grown in plots receiving CaSO 4 contained 11% less tissue Mg than the creeping bentgrass in the control plots. Supplemental Ca applications to creeping bentgrass established on calcareous sand had no beneficial effects.