cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 19818: Improving Radiation Safety in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory - a Quality Improvement Initiative

Introduction: Cardiovascular imaging and interventions account for 40% of total medical radiation exposure (excluding radiation therapy). Exposure to ionizing radiation may cause skin injuries or increased risk of cancer and genetic defects. Hypothesis: Changing fluoroscopy defaults to low dose and low frame rate, while maintaining the option to use higher settings when needed, would decrease average patient radiation dose during cardiac catheterization without compromising procedural success. Methods: In 5/2013 we changed fluoroscopy defaults in 1 of 4 cardiac catheterization laboratories to lower dose (600 nGy/sec from 660 nGy/sec to the detector), lower frame rate (7.5 frames/sec from 15 frames/sec) and lower maximum patient exposure (5 Rad/min from 10 Rad/min). We recorded the air kerma (AK) in mGy/case for 719 coronary angiograms (448 pre, 271 post intervention) and 730 coronary interventions (451 pre, 279 post intervention) performed in this laboratory from 6/12-12/13. We used statistical process control analysis to evaluate changes in average monthly AK and to assess for statistical significance. Results: Following fluoroscopy default changes, average AK/case decreased by 21.2% for coronary angiograms (1282.1 ± 857.7 pre vs 1010.9 ± 846.4 post) and by 17.7% for coronary interventions (2858.6 ± 1802.9 pre vs 2353.6 ± 1210 post). After 5/13 there was a significant reduction in average monthly AK with a value below the 3 sigma line in 10/13 for coronary angiograms, and 2 consecutive values below the 2 sigma line in 11/13 and 12/13 for coronary interventions. There were no temporal changes in the incidence of adverse outcomes for interventions. Conclusions: Utilizing low fluoroscopy dose and frame rate defaults can significantly decrease exposure to ionizing radiation for patients undergoing cardiac catheterizations without affecting procedural success.
Tissue issues: Clinical and research implications of diagnostic biopsy practices

Tissue Issues for Researchers: Why the pathologist does NOT want to give you human tumor tissue...and how to get it anyway. Or: Why you should befriend a pathologist. Overview: More research should be done using human tumor tissue. This is very hard for many logistical, organizational, and sociological reasons. Befriend a pathologist. Involve them early during the design phase. Fund their time.So you want some human tumor tissue... Tissue banks exist, with well-annotated tumor samples, sometimes with clinical follow up information. This tissue is either frozen or paraffin embedded. Tissue arrays are available, which are very efficient and allow for good QC because one can cut a section and actually see what cells are there, and then punch out a corresponding core of tissue from the block to use for experiment. Expensive, not necessarily tailored to your experiment, and not fresh tissue. Fresh tissue: No, we don9t want to give you any... Pathologists control tissue in a hospital setting, where most cancer surgeries take place. Biopsies are hard won tiny fragments of people — we have to bully the other doctors into getting us enough in the first place. Resections usually provide lots of tissue but it takes a bunch of extra time and judgment to collect them fresh and carefully annotate them for you, and place them in special media and make sure they get picked up and handled promptly. How do we get the tissue to make the diagnosis? From whom do we get it? Diagnostic adequacy rate of sampling procedures is related to type of biopsy. Research samples are considered second priority after adequate diagnostic material is obtained. Suggestions for optimizing your chances of getting some.
Vortices in normal part of proximity system

It is shown that the order parameter Δ induced in the normal part of superconductor-normal-superconductor proximity system is modulated in the magnetic field differently from vortices in bulk superconductors. Whereas Δ turns zero at vortex centers, the magnetic structure of these vortices differs from that of Abrikosov's.
Call for papers: Free Space Optical Networking

The editors of the Journal of Optical Networking are now soliciting papers for a special issue on
Proteins in organic solvents

Catalysis in organic solvents and the mapping of protein surfaces using multiple solvent crystal structures are two rapidly developing areas of research. Recent advances include the study of protein folding and stability in different solvents, and the demonstration that it is possible to qualitatively rank the affinities of protein binding sites for a given organic solvent using the multiple solvent crystal structures method.
Facial display of environmental policy uncertainty

Although much attention has been given to research reflecting the issue of human perception, a limited number of studies have utilized the human face as a mechanism for displaying perceptual data. This article illustrates the use of computer-generated cartoon faces as a method of portraying that data. It also demonstrates the use of this method in detecting perceptions among market drivers toward environmental protection policies. Guided by the Chernoff Faces, data from market drivers are mapped into cartoon faces which reflect perceptual expressions of the policies.
Teachers’ self-examination of their understanding of the nature of science: A history and philosophy course responsive to science teachers’ needs

(1991). Teachers’ self-examination of their understanding of the nature of science: A history and philosophy course responsive to science teachers’ needs. Journal of Science Teacher Education: Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 94-100.
Evaluating the 2003 revised hours-of-service regulations for truck drivers: the impact of time-on-task on critical incident risk.

On January 4th, 2004, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration implemented a revised set of regulations concerning the hours-of-service (HOS) of commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers. One central component of the revised HOS regulations was a one-hour increase in allowable driving time, from 10 to 11 h. The current study evaluated the impact of the additional driving-hour on critical incident risk. Data from a naturalistic truck driving study, which resulted in over 2 million driving miles of continuously collected data, were analyzed. Driving hour bins (hours 1 through 11) were created and the frequency of critical incidents for each hour, and trips (opportunities) per each hour, were identified. A relative frequency was then calculated (critical incidents divided by opportunities) for each hour and odds ratios were determined. Analyses found an elevated risk in the 1st driving-hour, but no consistent significant difference between hours 2 through 11. Analyses on time-of-day, where incident rates were calculated for each of the 24 h in the day, were also conducted. The results found a strong positive correlation to national traffic density data. As an impact on U.S. national transportation policy, the results of this study do not support the hypothesis that there is an increased risk resulting from CMV drivers driving in the 11th driving-hour as compared to the 10th driving-hour, or any hour.
A Neural Network-Based Controller for a Piezoelectrically-Actuated Nano/Micromanipulator

Nowadays, nanorobots form the most important element of many precision manufacturing and industries such as medical instruments. Apparently, the most important property of these devices is their precision and durability. The more they have accuracy, the more delicate tasks may be performed. Hence, the design of an accurate model for achieving this objective is a challenging problem that has attracted the attention of many recent researchers in the nanotechnology field. In this paper, the kinematics and dynamics as well as development of appropriate controllers for a RRP (revolute-revolute-prismatic) nanomanipulator are presented. The specific task considered here for this manipulator is for the tip to track a predefined trajectory. For the real-time control implementation, a neural network (NN) is applied in order for the fast response of the system. A comparison between a standard PD controller and NN-based controller is presented through a numerical example.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Refractory edema treated with calcium chloride in combination with mercurial diuretics

Abstract Data are presented on 12 patients with edema refractory to mercurial diuretics. During 13 periods of hyperchloremic acidosis induced by calcium chloride alone or in combination with acetazoleamide, responsiveness to mercurial diuretics was restored. Calcium chloride has proved to be a safe, effective substitute for ammonium chloride as a source of chloride in this regimen. It may be employed in patients with liver disease.
Parents' and teachers' beliefs about adolescents: Effects of sex and experience

Three studies examine beliefs that parents and teachers have about adolescents. A distinction is made between category-based beliefs (concerning adolescents as a group) and target-based beliefs (concerning individual adoles cents). In Study 1, 90 late elementary and junior high school teachers indicated degree of agreement with a set of category-based statements about adolescents. Parents of early adolescents in Study 2 (N=1272) responded to category- and target-based statements. Study 3 compares the responses of teachers in Study 1 and parents in Study 2. Both teachers and parents endorsed beliefs that adolescence is difficult, and that adults can have an impact. Compared to fathers, mothers believed more in difficulty and in the negative effects of biological change on behavior. Parents of daughters believed adolescence is more difficult than parents of sons. Among teachers, amount of experience with adolescents was positively associated with the belief that adolescence is a difficult period of life. For parents, the effect of amount of experience was mixed. Experience had a greater impact on the category-based beliefs of teachers than parents. Possible influences on the origins and modification of beliefs are discussed.
Temperature immutability of adenyl cyclase-coupled β adrenergic recptors

OBSERVATIONS from several laboratories have suggested that the well established classification of adrenergic receptors into α and β subtypes is not immutable. Several groups have reported that in isolated perfused frog hearts, stimulation of cardiac rate and contractility by catecholamines has the properties of a classical β adrenergic response when experiments are performed at warm temperatures (25°–37° C) but of an α adrenergic response when experiments are performed at cold temperatures (5°–15° C)1–3. At warm temperatures, the order of potency of agonists in stimulating these preparations—isoproterenol>adrenaline>noradrenaline—is classical for a β adrenergic receptor. Similarly, effects of the catecholamines at warm temperatures are blocked by propranolol but not by the α adrenergic antagonist phentolamine. When the same experiments are performed at temperatures below 25° C, the order of potency of agonists is reversed to that characteristic of α adrenergic receptors. Also at lower temperatures α adrenergic antagonists such as phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine block the effects of adrenaline, whereas β adrenergic antagonists such as propranolol are ineffective. Gradations of response can be achieved by varying the temperature between 37° C and 10° C. Similar observations have been reported for the rat heart1. Also in a dog heart–lung bypass preparation the β receptors seem to become ineffective at 15° C, whereas α receptors retain their effectiveness4. On the basis of such observations, Kunos et al.3 proposed that α and β adrenergic receptors may represent allosteric configurations of the same receptor macromolecule which could be modulated by among other factors, temperature.
Enhancing the Number of African Americans Who Pursue STEM PhDs: Meyerhoff Scholarship Program Outcomes, Processes, and Individual Predictors

The current study examines the outcomes, processes, and individual predictors of pursuit of a STEM PhD among African-American students in the Meyerhoff Scholarship Program. Meyerhoff students were nearly five times more likely than comparison students to pursue a STEM PhD. Program components consistently rated as important were financial scholarship, being part of the Meyerhoff Program community, the Summer Bridge program, study groups, staff academic advising, and summer research opportunities. Furthermore, focus group findings revealed student internalization of key Meyerhoff Program values, including a commitment to excellence, accountability, group success, and giving back. In terms of individual predictors, multinomial logit regression analyses revealed that Meyerhoff students with higher levels of research excitement at college entry were more likely to pursue a STEM PhD.
New approach to approximation of quantities involving physical properties derivatives in equation‐oriented process design

A new method for approximating quantities that involve physical properties derivatives in equation-oriented process design is presented. It is a hybrid algorithm that makes combined use of Newton's method and the Schubert update. In doing so, available analytical derivative information is used in an optimal way. This hybrid algorithm is surprisingly close, in terms of the number of iterations required for solution, to an implementation of Newton's method that uses finite difference approximations of any unavailable physical properties derivatives. However, the number of rigorous thermodynamics calculations is usually about 50% fewer for the hybrid method. This can result in a substantial savings for problems in which the physical properties calculations dominate the simulation time. Two examples are presented to support these claims.
Molecular cloning of a widely expressed human homologue for the Drosophila trp gene

The Drosophila transient receptor potential (trp) gene and its homologue, trpl, have been suggested to mediate calcium entry during the insect's phototransduction process. We isolated a human cDNA, human trp-1 (Htrp-1), encoding a polypeptide of 793 amino acids that is 37% identical (62% similar) to Drosophila trp and trpl. Northern analysis showed that the Htrp-1 transcript is approximately 5.5 kb and expressed in most human tissues, with higher amounts in ovary, testis, heart, and brain. Isolation of Htrp-1 suggests that a trp-type protein is present in mammals and should provide a useful tool in studying calcium-depletion induced calcium influx processes.
Uncertainty estimates of turbulent temperature in Rayleigh scattering measurements

Abstract In time-resolved Rayleigh scattering measurements, shot noise can be the dominant source of uncertainty in each realization, especially when the incident laser energy is relatively small. Because the relative magnitude of the uncertainty increases with decreasing signal level, higher mean temperatures also lead to increased measurement uncertainty. Although it does not affect the measured mean temperature, the uncertainty can lead to an overestimation of the root mean square (rms) of fluctuating temperature if it is not properly accounted for. In this paper, a method is presented to determine the error due to shot noise in Rayleigh scattering turbulent temperature measurements. The uncertainty in the time-resolved temperature is calculated from photon statistics and the mean temperature information. This uncertainty value is then used to estimate the error in the measured rms temperature. Once the error has been determined, it is removed from the measured rms temperature to obtain corrected results. The method was used to estimate the rms of fluctuating temperature in a plane heated air jet. A comparison of the corrected Rayleigh scattering results with those obtained by using a fast-response thermistor shows that accurate measurements can be obtained even when the error levels are in the same order of magnitude of the fluctuating temperature. With application of the same principles, the method can easily be extended to density and pressure measurements.
Effect of domestic wastes on the benthic marine communities of southern California

A total of 3,785 million 1 of domestic wastes is emptied into the marine waters of southern California each day. Over 85% of these wastes receive primary treatment before discharge into offshore waters. Most of these wastes are discharged at four localities: El Segundo (Los Angeles City), White's Point (Los Angeles County), Newport Beach (Orange County), and Pt. Loma (San Diego City). While some studies were conducted at these localities prior to 1970, all of these sanitation districts have been monitoring the benthic environment since 1971–1973. Some predictions on the effect of domestic discharges on benthic life were made based on the amount of primary effluent discharged per day. If the amount discharged into open oceanic waters is less than 18 million 1/day, then a biological enhancement is noted with an increase in biomass, number of species and specimens, and diversity. If the amount of discharge exceeds 40–180 millions 1/day, then the biomass, number of specimens, and area affected is increased, but the number of species, diversity, and richness is decreased. A faunal index was devised by the personnel at Southern California Coastal Water Research Project to represent these generalities graphically.
Mackie on Kant's moral argument

Dans The Miracle of Theism, J.L. Mackie consacre un chapitre a ce qu'il appelle les arguments moraux en faveur de l'existence de Dieu. Pour Mackie, la version kantienne de l'argument moral n'est pas recevable. L'A. affirme que Mackie n'a pas compris l'argument de Kant. En second lieu, il semble que Kant n'a pas pris le parti d'affirmer que Dieu existe, mais plutot que l'existence de Dieu est presupposee dans notre pensee morale. Ainsi, Kant parvient a frapper de nombreux auteurs meme des theistes. En revanche, si Kant prend le parti d'affirmer l'existence de Dieu dans un sens speculatif ou inconditionnel, alors son argumentation echoue
Multi-objective particle swarm and genetic algorithm for the optimization of the LANSCE linac operation

Abstract Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) are both nature-inspired population based optimization methods. Compared to GA, whose long history can trace back to 1975, PSO is a relatively new heuristic search method first proposed in 1995. Due to its fast convergence rate in single objective optimization domain, the PSO method has been extended to optimize multi-objective problems. In this paper, we will introduce the PSO method and its multi-objective extension, the MOPSO, apply it along with the MOGA (mainly the NSGA-II) to simulations of the LANSCE linac and operational set point optimizations. Our tests show that both methods can provide very similar Pareto fronts but the MOPSO converges faster.
Power and dignity: The social consequences of hydro‐electric development for the James Bay Cree

Cet article est une premiere reponse a un appel visant a attirer l'attention sur les consequences sociales pour les Cris de la Baie James de l'amenagement de complexes hydroelectriques sur le territoire qu'ils habitent. L'article donne une breve description des deux principaux modes de vie qui caracterisent la societe crie, soit le mode de vie des chasseurs-pěcheurs-trappeurs, qui repose sur la cooperation entre familles vivant en etroite relation avec le milieu naturel, et le mode de vie des villageois, dans lequel les personnes comptent davantage sur les institutions formelles pour la satisfaction de leurs besoins sociaux et materiels. Les deux modes de vie se chevauchent et dependent l'un de l'autre. Des donnees provenant des dossiers des services sociaux indiquent qu'en raison de la centralisation rapide des Cris de la Baie James dans des villages structures qui a accompagne les projets d'amenagement de grande envergure, la proportion des Cris qui se livrent aux activites economiques traditionnelles a diminue, creant une situation d'instabilite sociale dont temoignent les taux eleves de suicide, de negligence a l'egard des enfants, de vandalisme, de toxicomanie et d'alcoolisme. Tout porte a croire que d'autres projets d'envergure tels que la phase ii du projet de la Baie James aggraveraient ces problemes, měme s'ils devaient creer des emplois pour un grand nombre des residents des villages cris. This article is a preliminary response to an appeal for attention to be given to the social consequences of hydro-electric development for the Cree of James Bay. A brief description is given of two main styles of life in Cree society: the hunting, fishing and trapping lifestyle in which families co-operate with one another and live in a close relationship with the natural environment, and the village lifestyle in which people depend more upon formal institutions to meet their social and material needs. These styles of life overlap and are interdependent. Data from social service files indicate that the rapid centralization of the James Bay Cree into structured communities that accompanied large-scale development decreased the proportion of people in the traditional economy — a situation which has led to social instability in the villages that is reflected in high frequencies of such problems as suicide, neglect of children, vandalism, and drug and alcohol abuse. Further large-scale developments, such as the proposed James Bay ii project, can be expected to make such problems worse, even if they provide employment for many residents of the Cree communities.
Toward Reduction of Misclassification in the Biology of Melanoma

For many years now, pathologists and melanoma biologists and immunologists have worried and wondered about the small number of individuals who are diagnosed with melanoma with a Breslow thickness less than 0.76 mm who develop metastases and die from melanoma. Clues have been sparse.
Study of the Contact-Term Contribution to the Hyperfine Structure Obtained from Spin-Unrestricted Hartree-Fock Wave Functions

Numerical spin-unrestricted Hartree-Fock (SUHF) wave functions have been computed for the neutral open-shell atoms Li to Br and the transition-metal ions ${\mathrm{Sc}}^{2+}$ to ${\mathrm{Cu}}^{2+}$. These wave functions have been used to obtain accurate values of the SUHF spin densities. These calculations are used to make a critical review of the numerical accuracy of previously reported SUHF spin densities and to compare our accurate values of the SUHF spin densities with those extracted from experimental data. A large majority of previous SUHF calculations have been performed using the analytic-expansion method. The spin density at the origin computed from analytic-expansion calculations is sensitive to the choice of basis functions, and it is very difficult to obtain a precise measure of its accuracy. Our numerical SUHF calculations yield the SUHF value of the spin density $\ensuremath{\chi}$ to an accuracy conservatively estimated to be \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01 a.u. Comparison with analytic-expansion calculations indicates that the use of large, carefully selected basis sets usually yields spin densities within 20% of the numerical SUHF values reported here. The calculated SUHF spin densities are compared with available experimental values and it is found that (a) for the alkali atoms Li, Na, and K, the SUHF spin densities are 97, 86, and 77% of experiment; (b) for the first-row atoms N,O, and F, the SUHF spin densities are 193, 172, and 186% of experiment; (c) the SUHF spin density for P is opposite in sign and 153% of the absolute value of the experimental spin density; (d) the SUHF spin densities of the $4{s}^{2}3{d}^{n}$ transition-metal atoms Ti, V, Mn, and Co are 82, 75, 72, and 67% of experiment; and (e) the SUHF spin density of As is 231% of experiment. It is concluded that, although some correlations are possible between SUHF and experimental values, the SUHF method should be used with extreme caution for the prediction of spin densities at the origin. This work provides a guide to the reliability of the SUHF predictions.
Laser processes in plasmadynamic flows

Radiation emitted from the exhaust flow of a multi-megawatt, quasi-steady magnetoplasmadynamic accelerator has been examined photoelectrically for argon mass flows from 6 to 32 g/sec and arc currents up to 25 kA. Vacuum ultraviolet radiation, indicative of resonance transitions, has been detected photoelectrically at various axial locations downstream of the arc chamber, consistent with a relaxation length calculated using a collisional-radiative recombination model. Photoelectric measurements of particular transitions in the neutral and first ionic state of argon show that populations of excited electronic states of AII are in excess of that which would be expected on the basis of Saha-Boltzmann equilibrium at the local electron temperature and number density. Optical depth measurements indicate that for a current of 4 kA and argon mass flow of 12 g/sec, a population inversion exists between the upper and lower states of the 0.4880 micron argon ion transition.
Phragmites use by Native North Americans

Abstract Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. occurred in North America in pre-Columbian time but has spread greatly and become invasive in the north-central and northeastern US during the 1900s. At least 46 Native North American tribes were reported to use Phragmites historically, and we compiled statistical data from the literature on 24 of these tribes. There were approximately 75 different uses of Phragmites . Each tribe had 2–25 (mean=7.0) uses for Phragmites , of which the most frequent were: arrowshaft (17 tribes), cigarette (13), flute (12), whistle (7), pipestem (7), and matting (6). Number of uses per tribe was highest in the SouthWestern quadrant of North America, and was negatively correlated with latitude but not correlated with longitude. The apparent center of Phragmites availability and use in the SouthWestern United States is consistent with occurrence of Phragmites in pre-Columbian sediments and archaeological deposits, and at least two specialized Phragmites -using animals. The ethnobotanical importance of Phragmites should be considered in management of this plant.
The retinoblastoma gene: a prototypic and multifunctional tumor suppressor.

Genome instability has been implicated in the generation of multiple somatic mutations that underlie cancer. Germline mutation in the retinoblastoma (RB) gene leads to tumor formation in both human and experimental animal models, and reintroduction of wild-type RB is able to suppress neoplastic phenotypes. Rb governs the passage of cells through the G1 phase-restriction point and this control is lost in most cancer cells. Rb has also been shown to promote terminal differentiation and prevent cell cycle reentry. Recent studies implicate Rb in mitotic progression, faithful chromosome segregation, checkpoint control, and chromatin remodeling, suggesting that Rb may function in the maintenance of genome integrity. It is likely that Rb suppresses tumor formation by virtue of its multiple biological activities. A single protein capable of performing multiple antioncogenic functions may be a common characteristic of other tumor suppressors including p53 and BRCA1/2.
Sensor fusion for machine condition monitoring

Machinery maintenance accounts for a large proportion of plant operating costs. Compared with the conventional scheduled maintenance strategy which is to stop the machine at pre-determined intervals, modern condition-based maintenance strategy stops the machine only when there is evidence of impending failure. It is now possible to use multi-modal sensor input to monitor machine condition in a collaborative and distributed manner. In this paper, three categories of methods for condition monitoring are reviewed - 1. knowledge based, 2. model based 3. data based methods. Knowledge-based systems are derivations from expert systems that use rules and inference engines to determine failures and their causes. Data-driven methods use machine fault data, typically derived during experiments to train a monitoring system. Pattern recognition algorithms then attempt to classify actual sensor data using the results of the training phase. However it is often impractical to obtain data for every type of fault. Model-based techniques on the other hand use mathematical models to predict machine performance. We propose to combine the model based and data based method for machine condition monitoring. The data is used to train the model and derive its parameters. The various fault modes are then identified and simulated. The output is then input to the classification schemes that can be then used to identify and classify real-time data. We apply the technique to condition monitoring of electrical motors.
Moment sequences for a certain class of distributions

We Present the necessary and sufficient conditions for a sequence to be the moment sequence of a distribution in the space of the distributions of compact support. The analysis is based on a series of lemmas that reduce the problem to that of existence of distributional boundary limits of certain analytic functions defined in the unit disk. These results have many applications. We give an application in the theory of orthogonal polynomials.
Early microfilament reorganization in injured auditory epithelia

Abstract Microfilaments (MFs) play an important role in wound healing and other regenerative events. The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in the distribution of MFs in traumatized auditory epithelia and compare these changes between avian (regenerating) and mammalian (nonregenerating) ears. Chicks and guinea pigs were acoustically overstimulated and their auditory epithelia analyzed using fluorescence microscopy with phalloidin as a MF-specific marker. Immediately or several hours after overstimulation, we observed a substantial reduction of MFs in stereocilia and the cuticular plate. The circumferential belt of MF which is associated with the adherens junctional complex was constricted in damaged hair cells (HCs) as early as 1 day after the exposure. Concomitant with the junctional constriction, the apical surface area of supporting cells was increased relative to normal, whereas the surface area of HCs was decreased. We conclude that changes in the amount and distribution of MFs which characterize early responses to acoustic damage are similar in avian (regenerating) and mammalian (nonregenerating) auditory epithelia. We hypothesize that changes in MF-mediated tensile forces trigger the process of tissue repair in auditory epithelia in response to insult. In mammals the reorganization of MFs may help maintain the integrity of the reticular lamina and thereby prevent further damage. In contrast, early changes in MFs in chicks may play a role in regulating regenerative tissue responses.
Accessing self-development through narrative approaches in child and adolescent psychotherapy.

TOPIC: Narrative psychotherapy with children and adolescents. PURPOSE: To demonstrate the integration of developmental theory with narrative approaches to psychotherapy as a means of accessing self-development during childhood and adolescence. SOURCES: Published literature and the author's experience in using narrative therapy with an 8-year-old and his foster mother. CONCLUSIONS: When informed by developmental theory, narrative approaches can be used effectively with children and adolescents to assist them in constructing positive life stories that can influence their identity formation.
PRACTICAL AESTHETICS AND DECADENT RATIONALE IN GEORGE GISSING

A YOUNG MAN living on a meager tutor’s salary skimps on his expenses to attend an 1882 commemorative exhibit of D. G. Rossetti’s work at the Royal Academy; he then purchases a volume of Rossetti’s sonnets, and makes a pilgrimage to Cheyne Walk where Rossetti had lived. He adopts Aesthetic style more concretely when he moves into a new flat and furnishes it with a dado and a cabinet papered in a Japanese print. In 1886, he subscribes to the library of the Grosvenor Gallery, the institutional center of British Aestheticism. He is tickled by Oscar Wilde’s public performances as an aesthete in 1887, regretting only that Wilde has cut his hair and exchanged velvet breeches for more conventional trousers. Having copied Pater’s famous passage on La Gioconda into his Commonplace Book in 1880, he responds to a trip to Greece years later through a Paterian reverie, trying to recapture the lost, classical Greece he had learned as a child.
Modeling heterogeneous data resources for social-ecological research: a data-centric perspective

Digital repositories are grappling with an influx of scientific data brought about by the well publicized "data deluge" in science, business, and society. One particularly perplexing problem is the long-term archival and reuse of complex data sets. This paper presents an integrated approach to data discovery over heterogeneous data resources in social-ecological systems research. Social-ecological systems data is complex because the research draws from both social and natural sciences. Using a sample set of data resources from the domain, we explore an approach to discovery and representation of this data. Specifically, we develop an ontology-based process of organization and visualization from a data-centric perspective. We define data resources broadly and identify six key categories of resources that include data collected from site visits to shared ecological resources, the structure of research instruments, domain concepts, research designs, publications, theories and models. We identify the underlying relationships and construct an ontology that captures these relationships using semantic web languages. The ontology and a NoSQL data store at the back end store the data resource instances. These are integrated into a portal architecture we refer to as the Integrated Visualization of Social-Ecological Resources (IViSER) that allows users to both browse the relationships captured in the ontology and easily visualize the granular details of data resources.
Cardiolipin enhances protein C pathway anticoagulant activity.

The anticoagulant activity of activated protein C (APC) was studied using factor Xa-1-stage assays of both the procoagulant and anticoagulant activities of phospholipid vesicles containing phosphatidylserine or cardiolipin as active phospholipids. In the absence of APC, phosphatidylserine vesicles showed higher procoagulant activity than cardiolipin vesicles whereas cardiolipin vesicles supported APC-dependent anticoagulant activity better than phosphatidylserine vesicles. Enhancement of APC anticoagulant activity in plasma by cardiolipin was markedly stimulated by the APC cofactor protein S. In purified reaction mixtures, cardiolipin in phospholipid vesicles dose-dependently enhanced APC anticoagulant activity. This effect of cardiolipin was partially dependent on protein S, and immunoblotting studies showed that cardiolipin enhanced the APC-mediated cleavage of the factor Va heavy chain at Arg506 and Arg306. In solid-phase binding assays, increasing amounts of cardiolipin in multicomponent phospholipid vesicles increased the affinity for protein S and to a lesser extent APC. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that cardiolipin stimulates the anticoagulant protein C pathway by increasing the affinity of phospholipid surfaces for protein S:APC and by enhancing inactivation of factor Va by APC due to cleavages at Arg506 and Arg306 in factor Va. Based on this, it is further hypothesized that anti-cardiolipin or anti-oxidized cardiolipin antibodies may be thrombogenic because they inhibit phospholipid-dependent expression of the anticoagulant protein C pathway.
Response to nitric oxide during adult cardiac surgery.

Pulmonary hypertension is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in adult cardiac surgery patients. Inhaled nitric oxide is known to be a selective pulmonary vasodilator in this setting. However, it is not known which cardiac surgery patients benefit most from nitric oxide therapy. This study sought to prospectively determine whether a patient's baseline pulmonary vascular resistance could be used to predict responsiveness to inhaled nitric oxide therapy. Subjects were 30 consecutive cardiac surgery patients with pulmonary hypertension immediately prior to induction of anesthesia. There were 2 study groups: Group 1 ( n = 15) had an initial pulmonary vascular resistance between 125 and 300 dyn-s/cm 5 , while group 2 ( n = 15) had an initial pulmonary vascular resistance of greater than 300 dyn-s/cm 5 . Both groups were empirically treated with inhaled nitric oxide (30 ppm) upon separation from bypass. The conduct of anesthesia, surgery, and cardiopulmonary bypass were controlled. A therapeutic...
Neighborhood Watch - Who Watches Whom? Reinterpreting the Concept of Neighborhood

This paper analyzes the Australian and American experiences in Neighborhood Watch community policing schemes. Neighborhood Watch, as a method of social control endorsed by the state, is supported and run solely by volunteers, and so provides a focus to discuss the more subtle meanings and processes of symbolic contestation among state, community, and individual. This paper attempts to show why the community upholds the dominance of formalized law as an ideology, despite the law's proven inadequacies to maintain social control. It also examines how the symbolic concept of "neighborhood" is manipulated by Neighborhood Watch programs. As these programs fail, which they inevitably seem to do, opportunities are opened for reappropriation of the notion of "neighborhood" and its use for the specific needs of individuals, interest groups, and local communities searching for a sense of physical and psychological security that the traditional idea of a neighborhood environment no longer can provide. The ironic conc...
Popular perceptions: voice and genre in Félix Couchoro’s crime fiction

This essay uses a crime novel, Ici-bas, tout se paie (1966–67) by Togolese author Felix Couchoro (1900–68) to understand how critical reception and historical circumstances condition the production of popular literature in francophone Africa. Though the author’s early L’Esclave (1929) is one of the first novels of the francophone African literary canon, he is rarely mentioned beyond this foundational role. Couchoro continued to write and he published serialized fiction for the Togolese national newspaper throughout the 1960s. These later works correspond in many ways to what was going on in anglophone and vernacular popular literatures throughout the rest of the continent – most notably Onitsha market literature in Nigeria. Unfortunately, these later works also made him an awkward fit in the pre-established literary genealogy of francophone African fiction and a cause of consternation for a critical field uncomfortable with the idea of the popular. Nevertheless, that these later works also deviate from th...
Heparin and endothelial cell growth factor modulate collagen and proteoglycan production in human smooth muscle cells.

Abstract The effects of heparin and endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF) on extracellular matrix production were examined in human iliac smooth muscle cells. The cells were grown in (a) medium supplemented with heparin (100 μg/ml) and ECGF (75 μg/ml), (b) medium supplemented with ECGF (75 μg/ml) alone, or (c) unsupplemented medium. In the presence of heparin and ECGF, collagen production was inhibited 91–95% as compared to cultures incubated with ECGF alone or without both supplemental factors. In contrast, the production of proteoglycans was elevated 2.5 fold in the presence of heparin and ECGF. Enzymatic digestion of the proteoglycans indicated that both large and small molecular weight chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans were markedly elevated, while dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate proteoglycans were increased to a lesser extent. The results suggest that the combination of heparin and ECGF elicits potent modulation of extracellular matrix production, with divergent effects on collagen and proteoglycan synthesis.
Early Planting of Early-Maturing Soybean: Effects on Seed Germination and Phomopsis Infection

The use of early-maturing soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars has been suggested as a means of avoiding drought stress and extending harvest maturity in the southeastern USA. This experiment determined the effect of cultivar maturity on seed germination and Phomopsis longicolla T.W. Hobbs seed infection following early planting. Six cultivars ranging from Maturity Group (MG) 00 to IV were planted in late April, mid-May, and early and late June in 1992 and 1993 at Lexington, KY. The May planting was sprayed at weekly intervals between growth stages R5 and R7 with the foliar fungicide benomyl [methyl 1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazolecarbamate] to control seed infection. A single, recommended application of benomyl was also made at growth stage R6 for all planting dates in 1993. Seed was harvested at harvest maturity (HM, defined as the time when seed first dried to 30%) of P. longicolla seed infection frequently occurred for the April and May plantings, which often resulted in lower ( 90% at HM in both years for all cultivars. Thus, high-quality soybean seed can be produced on early-maturing cultivars grown outside the range of adaptation, if seed infection by P. longicolla is controlled. Cultural methods are discussed for reducing seed infection and improving seed quality of early-maturing cultivars.
The foundations of models of dependence in probabilistic safety assessment

Two kinds of dependence are distinguished: stochastic and state-of-knowledge dependence. Models of stochastic dependence include common cause failures and deal with component failures. They are conditioned on a set of parameters whose ranges of values and their correlations are assessed in the state-of-knowledge models. It is argued that the parametric stochastic models represent the class of failure causes that are not explicitly modeled. Three such stochastic models are examined: the Basic Parameter (BP) model, the Multiple Greek Letter (MGL) model, and the Multinomial Failure Rate (MFR) model. Two problems of the MGL model are discussed. The first has to do with the definition of the parameters. It is shown that β, γ, etc., of the MGL model are defined with reference to a specific component and are used improperly in the statistical calculations. The second problem stems from the fact that the MGL parameters are defined in terms of component failures rather than the events that cause their failures. This results in an artificial increase of the strength of the statistical evidence. The multivariate Dirichlet distribution is used as the state-of-knowledge distribution in the MFR model, since it can model the correlations between the parameters and is a conjuga distribution with respect to the multinomial distribution, thus facilitating Bayesian updating. The Dirichlet distribution can also be used with the BP model to represent the analyst's state of knowledge concerning the numerical values of the parameters of this model.
Pattern recognition processing in underwater acoustics

Abstract Pattern recognition application to underwater acoustics is a relatively less explored area, even considering some reports which may not be available in the public domain. In this paper three problem areas of pattern recognition processing in underwater acoustics are reported. The first problem is three-dimensional target motion analysis. A reference map is generated and partitioned into a number of cells corresponding to possible target locations. The pattern matching idea is then used to estimate the target range, velocity and bearing. The second problem is concerned with multipath ranging. An image processing technique is used to extract the significant tracks from the correlograms to provide a continuous estimate of time delay or range under a multipath environment. The third problem deals with submarine transient signals. A spectral analysis is made to determine spectral features for detection and event classification. The use of entropy distance measure for waveform segmentation is then examined. Major computer results are presented along with a discussion of unresolved issues for each problem area.
Powder trail generator for visual sighting of target drones

Abstract A prototype powder trail generator was designed, fabricated, flight tested, and delivered to the Naval Air Station, Point Mugu, California. This generator emits a trail of powder with sufficient visibility to aid in the visual acquisition of a target drone. The powder generator functions under conditions that limit the use of oil smoke. Antiagglomerant-treated titanium dioxide pigment was dispersed with a wing pod unit that used high velocity gas jets to deagglomerate the powder before injection into a ram air tube. Flight tests were conducted which compared the powder trail with a conventional oil smoke trail, and aerial photographs showed that the brightness contrast of the powder smoke in the first plane length behind the plane exceeded that of the oil smoke at any location.
Direction of the magnetic moment of the paired spins in He 3 − A 1 phase

A magnetically induced superflow in the $^{3}\mathrm{He}$-${A}_{1}$ phase was observed at pressures of 21.7 and 25.7 bars at an applied magnetic field of 3.6 kG. Both a transient and an ac flow were induced. From the observed direction of flow, it is concluded that the magnetic moment of the superfluid component in the -${A}_{1}$ phase is aligned in the same direction as the applied magnetic field.
Deepening Students' Scientific Inquiry Skills During a Science Museum Field Trip

Field trips to science museums can provide students with educational experiences, particularly when museum programs emphasize scientific inquiry skill building over content knowledge acquisition. We describe the creation and study of 2 programs designed to significantly enhance students' inquiry skills at any interactive science museum exhibit without the need for advanced preparation by teachers or chaperones. The programs, called Inquiry Games, utilized educational principles from the learning sciences and from visitor studies of museum field trips. A randomized experimental design compared 2 versions of the games to 2 control conditions. Results indicate that the groups that learned the Inquiry Games significantly outperformed the control groups in the duration and quality of several inquiry skills when using a novel exhibit, with effect sizes ranging from 0.3σ to 0.8σ. The highest gains came from an Inquiry Game that was structured and collaborative rather than spontaneous and individualized. Students...
Experimental partitioning of Sr and Ba in Kiglapait feldspars

New electron microprobe analyses of Sr and Ba in feldspars and coexisting experimental glasses show very strong correlations of the partition coefficients with the ternary Or content of the feldspar. The correlations therefore scale inversely with temperature, as also found in the literature. The Sr content of feldspars is maximized in mesoperthite and decreases with evolution of feldspar to the ternary minimum. The relationship of D Sr/L to decreasing X An is initially flat at a value of 1.8 but curves sharply upward past 6.5 after the arrival of apatite at An 38 . A similar concave-up curve at much higher values of D is found in the literature. The value of D (nine points) scales linearly with ternary Or; R 2 = 0.99. Experimental feldspars are consistently richer in Sr than natural ones at comparable An. They jump from 200 ppm higher to 400 ppm higher at Ap + . Experimental glass compositions are correspondingly low in Sr, so the material balance is conserved. Inversion of natural feldspars to liquid compositions using the experimental partition coefficients fails because the experimental crystals contain enhanced values of Sr from the apatite and feldspar components of the melted rock compositions. The partitioning of Ba (five points; range 0.4 to 6.1) also scales with ternary Or; R 2 > 0.99; and there is no systematic difference between the natural and experimental concentrations of Ba in the feldspars. The inversion of D to liquid compositions may be safe for Ba but must be approached with caution for Sr.