cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF THE STATE OF IONIZATION OF [LEU5]-ENKEPHALIN IN THE CRYSTAL AND IN SOLUTION

The state of ionization of [Leu5]-enkephalin in the crystal and in solution was studied with the aid of Raman, i.r., and n.m.r. techniques. The results indicate that, in the crystal, enkephalin adopts the dipolar ion form. In water near neutral pH, enkephalin also exists in the dipolar ion form whereas in DMSO-d6 it is a mixture of the dipolar ion and uncharged species. The pK's of alpha-amino and alpha-carboxyl groups are probably closer to each other in DMSO than in H2O.
Phase measurement for surface infrared-visible sum-frequency generation

We present what are to our knowledge the first measurements of the phase of the infrared-visible sum-frequency generation signal. We introduce two techniques and apply the measurements to the determination of the polar orientation of a selected group of atoms within an adsorbed molecule.
Covariance Applications with Kiwi

The Computational Nuclear Physics group at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is developing a new tool, named 'Kiwi', that is intended as an interface between the covariance data increasingly available in major nuclear reaction libraries (including ENDF and ENDL) and large-scale Uncertainty Quantifi- cation (UQ) studies. Kiwi is designed to integrate smoothly into large UQ studies, using the covariance matrix to generate multiple variations of nuclear data. The code has been tested using critical assemblies as a test case, and is being integrated into LLNL's quality assurance and benchmarking for nuclear data.
Concomitant injuries to the ipsilateral shoulder in patients with a fracture of the diaphysis of the humerus

Antegrade intramedullary nailing of fractures of the shaft of the humerus is reported to cause impairment of the shoulder joint. We have reviewed 33 patients with such fractures to assess how many had injuries to the ipsilateral shoulder. All had an MR scan of the shoulder within 11 days of injury. The unaffected shoulder was also scanned as a control. There was evidence of abnormality in 21 of the shoulders (63.6%) on the injured side; ten had bursitis of the subacromial space, five evidence of a partial tear of the rotator cuff, one a complete rupture of the supraspinatus tendon, four inflammatory changes in the acromioclavicular joint and one a fracture of the coracoid process. These injuries may contribute to pain and dysfunction of the shoulder following treatment, and their presence indicates that antegrade nailing is only partly, if at all, responsible for these symptoms.
Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease in the Bay Area Sleep Cohort.

Study objectives To examine the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and cardiovascular disease among community-dwelling older adults. Previous studies have suggested relatively stronger associations between SDB and such morbidity in middle-aged, relative to elderly, populations. Design Cross-sectional analysis of an elderly ambulatory, non-clinic-based cohort (Bay Area Sleep Cohort, BASC) SETTING: Community population studied in a sleep laboratory Participants One hundred twenty-nine older adults (mean [+/- SD] age = 72.6 [8.3]) (78 women; 51 men). Interventions NA. Measurements Complete clinical history including list of current medications, physical examination, selected blood chemistries, multiple blood pressure measurements, 12-lead electrocardiogram, and 2 consecutive nights of polysomnography. Results Fifty-one individuals (40%) were taking 1 or more cardiovascular medications and 24 (19%) had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 10 or more per hour of sleep. Cardiovascular medication use was related to cardiac events or procedures, history of angina, higher systolic or diastolic blood pressure, and abnormal electrocardiogram. Logistic regression showed statistically significant association between cardiovascular medication use and AHI of 10 or greater per hour, independent of age, sex, and body mass index. Supplementary analyses indicated that rapid eye movement AHI of 10 or greater per hour was significantly associated with elevated diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions The results suggest that sleep-disordered breathing may contribute to increased cardiovascular morbidity in older adults.
I am a breast imager; you are a visual scientist. Let's dance and make a better a Radiologist (Presentation Recording)

Twenty -five years ago, Dr Georgian-Smith completed a fellowship in Breast Imaging, and was looking for a job as a general radiologist. Through an unforeseen series of events, she stayed on staff at University of Cincinnati (U.C.) and never left academia. She teamed with her U.C. colleague, Dr Bill Shiels D.O., who had invented the 'turkey breast mo del,' to learn and teach the hand -eye coordination of interventional ultrasound. This model carried her around the world. More importantly, her interest in education blossomed. Her next move was to University of Washington in Seattle in the mid -1990s. She began to ask, 'how do I see the finding architectural distortion and why do others not see it? How can I teach what I see?.' It was not until a decade later when mammography became digital that these questions could be studied. The serendipitous meeting at the American Board of Radiology Oral Examination of the Irish perception investigators, Drs Brennan, McEntee, and Ryan, set up the team for collaboration. This work was supported by an RSNA Educational seed grant and was presented at RSNA in Chicago in 2011. Whats next? She is determined to see the integration of the basic science of visual perception with the integration of clinical Radiology curriculum. The time has come for our fields to work in concert to make a better radiologist.
Direct Measurement of the Absolute Orientation of N3 Dye at Gold and Titanium Dioxide Surfaces with Heterodyne-Detected Vibrational SFG Spectroscopy

Light-harvesting dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) must be designed not only to effectively harvest visible light but also to maintain an adsorption geometry at the solvent/TiO2 interface that encourages electron injection. Electron injection is encouraged when the dye is adsorbed to the TiO2 surface such that the LUMO of the dye is spatially near the surface. Furthermore, deleterious recombination pathways between the surface and dye are suppressed if the HOMO of the dye is spatially well-separated from the surface. Thus, measuring the configuration of dyes at these interfaces is important for understanding why some dyes perform better than others as well as providing insight into designing more ideal dyes. We investigate the adsorption geometry of N3 dye on gold and TiO2 using heterodyne-detected vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy (HD-VSFG). Incorporating heterodyne detection into our VSFG experiment provides both enhanced SFG signal and phase sensitivity, which enables the measu...
Bionomics of the Gopher Tortoise Tick, Amblyomma Tuberculatum Marx

An investigation of the bionomics of Amblyomma tuberculatum Marx was conducted both in the field and laboratory. This tick was collected exclusively in the adult and nymphal stages from the gopher tortoise, Gopherus polyphemus. Female ticks were common in spring but uncommon in fall; as many as 19 individual ticks were taken from a single tortoise. Specimens, collected in Alabama and Georgia, were maintained in the laboratory where adult females, engorged on tortoises, ingested at least 2160 mg of blood and laid up to 9353 eggs each. Eggs incubated at constant temperatures hatched at 21.1 to 32.2°C. Larvae engorged in 9–13 days on rabbits and molted to the nymph in a minimum of 20 days. Exposure of larvae to a subfreezing temperature of −1°C for 46 days did not kill them. Nymphs engorged in 10–37 days on rabbits, and molted to adults in a minimum of 19 days. The minimum life cycle required at least 207 days.
Processi di addizione, moltiplicazione e translazione per numeri in doppia precisione arrotondata

In questo articolo si descrive l’uso della rappresentazione arrotondata per numeri in doppia precisione nei calcolatori elettronici numerici.
Growth characteristics in cerebral palsy subtypes: a comparative assessment

Aim Children with quadriplegic cerebral palsy (CP) have been found to have growth rates that differ from those of children with typical development. Little research has been performed to distinguish whether growth patterns in hemiplegic, diplegic, and quadriplegic CP differ from one another. The purpose of this study was to compare growth of children with quadriplegic, hemiplegic, and diplegic CP. Method Retrospective data were collected from the electronic medical record of patients with CP at an outpatient center. Linear mixed models were used to examine growth by diagnosis, using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis codes 343.0 (diplegia), 343.1 (hemiplegia), and 343.2 (quadriplegia). Results Heights and weights of children with quadriplegic CP were consistently lower than those with hemiplegic or diplegic CP. Children with hemiplegic CP had greater heights and weights than other CP subtypes. There were statistically significant differences in weight gain curves among the three diagnoses for males (p<0.05). Interpretation Our study reveals differences in growth rates between hemiplegic, diplegic, and quadriplegic CP subtypes.
Recommendations for health information technology implementation in rural hospitals

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate violations against work standards associated with using a new health information technology (HIT) system. Relevant recommendations for implementing HIT in rural hospitals are provided and discussed to achieve meaningful use. Design/methodology/approach - An observational study is conducted to map medication administration process while using a HIT system in a rural hospital. Follow-up focus groups are held to determine and verify potential adverse factors related to using the HIT system while passing drugs to patients. Findings - A detailed task analysis demonstrated several violations, such as only relying on the barcode scanning system to match up with patient and drugs could potentially result in the medical staff forgetting to provide drug information verbally before administering drugs. There was also a lack of regulated and clear work procedure in using the new HIT system. In addition, the computer system controls and displays could not be adjusted so as to satisfy the users' expectations. Nurses prepared medications and documentation in an environment that was prone to interruptions. Originality/value - Recommendations for implementing a HIT system in rural healthcare facilities can be categorized into five areas: people, tasks, tools, environment, and organization. Detailed remedial measures are provided for achieving continuous process improvements at resource-limited healthcare facilities in rural areas.
Effect of Gate-Line-End-Induced Stress and Its Impact on Device’s Characteristics in FinFETs

The gate-line-end (GLE)-induced stress effects on the high- $k$ /metal-gate FinFETs was investigated. Compared with the devices with the GLE of 35 nm, those with the GLE of 100 nm presented 6.3% and 5.7% enhancement in drive current for the n- and p-FinFETs, respectively. It was attributed to the effective transverse-tensile-stress transfer from gate to the Si-fin channel. Furthermore, as the fin numbers increased from 1 to 10, the degradation in the saturation current of the devices with the GLE of 100 nm, resulting from the neighboring gates, relaxed the transverse tensile strain in the channel to 3.9% and 3.6% for n- and p-FinFETs, respectively.
Synthesis, structural characterization and preliminary cancer cell line results for polymers derived from reaction of titanocene dichloride and various poly(ethylene glycols)

ABSTRACTWe describe the initial synthesis of DMSO and water-soluble titanocene polyethers through reaction of the titanocene dichloride and various poly(ethylene glycols) employing commercially available reactants. Infrared, proton NMR, and MALDI MS results are consistent with the titanocene-containing polyether structure. The materials are polymeric with chain lengths ranging from 1500 to 4. They exhibit good inhibition of a variety of cancer cell lines including two pancreatic cancer cell lines.
Theories of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is one of the key technological advances of the past ten years that has made the mapping of genomes of whole organisms possible. In conventional electrophoreis, the mobility of DNA at almost any practical value of the field strength is essentially independent of mol wt above approx 30 kbp. Therefore, large (≥250 kbp) fragments of DNA required for mapping the genomes of entire organisms could not be separated prior to the introduction of these new electrophoresis techniques.
Rebuttal to the manuscript by R.J. Porter.

• The ability of an AED suppressing the Photoparoxysmal EEG Response applies to a broader epilepsy spectrum than data gathered in drug resistant partial epilepsy patients alone.
Postpartum Depression, Effects on Infant

Postpartum depression in mothers is common and can have insidious effects on mothers and their children, particularly if the depression persists beyond the early postpartum period. Infants of depressed mothers are at significantly elevated risk for irritability and withdrawal, insecure attachment, attentional deficits, and developmental delay in the achievement of basic cognitive milestones such as object permanence.? Rates of psychiatric disturbance among older children of depressed mothers are as much as four to five times those among children of nondepressed mothers, and children whose mothers are depressed are also at risk for poor academic performance, difficulties in interpersonal relationships, substance abuse, and delinquency. Depression can seriously compromise parenting quality. Depressed mothers are likely to hold negative, unfavorably views of their children and of themselves as parents, and mothers’ negative affective biases may promote tendencies to attribute negative intentions and motives to their children’s behavior. In turn, depressed parenting is less warm, attuned, and responsive than nondepressed parenting. Individual differences in depressed parenting are evident, however, and appear to be associated with differences in child temperament and, more broadly, with the quality of ‘fit’ between a mother’s condition, child characteristics, and the family environment. Fortunately, depression is a highly treatable condition, and depressed mothers can make use of both pharmacological and support-based ‘talking’ therapies.? Pediatricians, who may be among the first health professionals to identify postpartum depression, can play an important role in referring affected mothers to appropriate mental health facilities.
Manufacturing of smart composites with hyperelastic property gradients and shape memory using fused deposition

Abstract In this paper, we demonstrate two studies where fused-deposition modelling (FDM) is used to fabricate composites with (1) controlled hyperelastic property gradients and (2) shape-memory behaviour. In the first study, we first fabricate thermoplastic elastomer scaffolds consisting of freely suspending fibers through FDM and then encapsulate them with soft silicone elastomers. We first present our studies on how the scaffold geometry is correlated with the printing speed and flow rate. Next, through tensile testing, we demonstrate the capability of the method in generating structures with (1) different hyperelastic properties through scaffold design and printing parameter control and (2) controlled spatial gradients of such properties. In the second study, we use multi-material FDM to manufacture composite structures consisting of a thermoplastic elastomer shell and polycaprolactone (PCL) core. Owing to the lower melting point and higher room temperature modulus of the PCL, these composites exhibit shape memory behaviour if subjected to thermal cycling between the room temperature and the melting point of the PCL. We evaluate the geometry and temperature dependence of this behaviour. We also demonstrate the reprogrammability of the memorized shape by introducing a silicone encapsulation for the composites.
Biomaterials: Characteristics and Properties

The design and selection of a biomaterial depend on its specific application in order to be useful and assure its properties as long as required, without rejection [1].
An Exploration of Text Analysis Methods to Identify Social Deliberative Skill

We report on text processing and machine learning methods with the goal of building classifiers for social deliberative skill, i.e. the capacity to deal productively with heterogeneous goals, values, or perspectives. Our corpus includes online deliberative dialogue from three diverse domain contexts. We use the LIWC and CohMetrix linquistic analysis tools to generate feature sets for machine learning. We report on our evaluation of various machine learning algorythms, feature selection methods, and cross-domain training methods.
Hollywood-Style Movie Trailers Increase Student Interest.

The implementation of clickers and clicker questions into classroom teaching is a well-established active-learning technique that provides more interactive classrooms and engages students with course content. Throughout the years, however, the actual clickers themselves have undergone an evolution from physical hand-held devices to web-based applications. This review explores the general advantages and disadvantages of two-main clicker styles, dedicated physical devises and web enabled clickers.
The effects of noise and age on the detection of ultrasonic vocalizations and pure tones by laboratory mice

Mice are frequently used to study and model age-related hearing loss (ARHL) due to similarities in human and mouse cochleae and in genetic makeup. Mice emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) that may be used for communication. Behavioral research has established that mice exhibit ARHL for detection of USVs and pure tones, however later in life than previously estimated by electrophysiological methods. In addition, mice showed sex-related ARHL differences for USVs but not for 42 kHz tones. In order to fully understand whether mice can be used to model ARHL it is critical to examine hearing loss for simple and complex stimuli in a variety of listening environments. In this study, detection thresholds were measured in adult mice using operant conditioning procedures and positive reinforcement. Mice were trained to detect USVs and high frequency pure tones in silence and in 50 dB white noise. The results revealed that adult mice retain hearing late into their lifespan, with very old mice exhibiting higher thres...
Variability in diet and its relation to risk in ethnic and migrant groups.

The inhabited islands of Hawaii encompass a land mass of 6,422 square miles1 and an ethnically heterogeneous population. Five ethnic groups in particular have resided in the islands for many decades and comprise the majority of the present population. These include Caucasians, Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, and native Polynesians or Hawaiians. Although these ethnic groups are generally intermixed throughout the islands, their risks for disease are markedly different2. The incidence rates for cancer well illustrate this variability3, as shown in Table 1.
Die Formalisierung des Urteils

Es ist eine These, die den Untersuchungen zur Dreischichtung der formalen Logik als formaler Apophantik bzw. apophantischer Analytik im Sinne des 1. Kapitels des I. Abschnittes der Logik zugrunde liegt, das fur diese Analysen ausschlieslich das Urteil als ein „formales“ bzw. „formalisiertes“ Gebilde in Betracht kommt. Und da Husserl die formale Logik als formale mathesis universalis zugleich als formale Apophantik und formale Ontologie auffast, ist es klar, das dasselbe gelten mus fur die den Urteilen entsprechenden Gegenstandlichkeiten: Einerseits hat man es mit formal apophantischen, andererseits mit formal ontologischen Gebilden und Strukturen zu tun. Methodologisch beschrankt sich die vorliegende Abhandlung zwar im wesentlichen auf die formale Logik als formale Apophantik im allgemeinen und auf ihre Dreischichtung im besonderen, aber ohne dabei auser acht zu lassen, das sich alles, was sich diesbezuglich sagen last, — mutatis mutandis — auch in bezug auf die formale Logik als formale Ontologie konstatieren liese. Denn die formale Logik als formale Apophantik ist insofern das „Erstere fur uns“, als sie seit Aristoteles in mehr oder weniger vollendeter Gestalt vorliegt, wahrend hingegen die formale Logik als formale Ontologie das „Erstere an sich“ insofern ist, als sie das Fundament liefert, von dem — nach Husserl — die formale Apophantik sich ableiten last.
Acute Supratentorial Ischemic Stroke with Ipsilateral Hemiparesis: Pathomechanism and Management Challenges.

Background Supratentorial stroke manifesting as ipsilateral hemiparesis is rare. Multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms are possible for this unusual phenomenon and has been previously described. Its implication in therapeutic decision making in a patient with an acute emergent condition has never been discussed. We describe our experience with a patient with this unusual presentation. Case Description A 44-year-old woman presented with acute-onset right hemiparesis and left facial weakness. Evaluation with computed tomography angiography showed right M3 segment occlusion. Her National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on arrival was 9. Urgent magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which showed ongoing ischemia in the right frontotemporal cortex. She underwent endovascular thrombectomy, and complete revascularization was achieved. Postoperatively, the patient experience complete neurologic recovery. Further diffusion tractography imaging showed near-complete nondecussation of corticospinal fibers. Conclusions Discordance between clinical and initial computed tomography angiography findings in a patient with acute ischemic stroke poses a management challenge. Additional imaging to correlate clinical findings in equivocal cases may help in decision making but may significantly delay intervention, and therefore its utility during the short therapeutic window period needs careful consideration. Considering the risks and benefits, timely intervention should be balanced judiciously against appropriate intervention to achieve a positive patient outcome.
Race, Religion, and Obama in Appalachia*

Objective Appalachia—historically a culturally and politically unique region of the United States—has been effectively ignored by contemporary political scientists. Using a unique measure of Appalachian residence, this article analyzes racial attitudes, religion, and Appalachian opposition to the 2008 presidential candidacy of Barack Obama. Methods I use regression analysis to assess the extent to which Appalachian residents differ in their levels of perceived racial favoritism, identification as born‐again Christians, and frequency of church attendance, as well as whether these variables can mediate the seeming regional effect of Appalachia in a standard vote choice model. Results I first demonstrate higher levels of perceived racial favoritism and, especially, higher levels of a particular type of religiosity in the region. I then assess whether these measures can mediate Appalachian distinctiveness in presidential vote choice. When perceived racial favoritism, church attendance, and born‐again Christian status are controlled for in regression models, Appalachian regional opposition to the 2008 Obama candidacy disappears statistically. Conclusion While race and religion both “matter,” I find it is religion that seems to matter more in explaining Appalachian distinctiveness, particularly relative to traditional southern distinctiveness. This provides a new vantage point from which to assess southern politics debates about subregional variation and the relative roles of race and religion, as well as sets the foundation for further analyses of Appalachia and American politics.
Global & Community Health: The djina disease: On epilepsy in the Republic of Guinea.

When we land, Guinea is bright and damp, the air settling like a heavy coat against our arms as we walk off the plane. The sun is shining through wispy clouds, and the sunset seems to last forever, pink and lavender behind the domes and minarets of the mosque. The hospital is on a spit of land that juts into the Gulf of Guinea. Two men paddle away from the shore in a little boat that crests and falls with the wind like a rocking horse. Further out are cargo ships, so gray and still that at first they seem like boulders.
Efficacy of Film for Raising Awareness of Diverse Users

Technology companies are increasingly acknowledging the need to make their products usable for diverse users that include people with disabilities and aging populations; as a result, educators need to consider how to include accessibility-related topics in college level technology-based courses. In this paper, we present a study of the efficacy of short (10-minute) documentaries, created by student filmmakers, that portrayed three people with different disabilities. We evaluated the films with undergraduate and graduate students who were enrolled in technology-related courses to explore the films' abilities to raise awareness for concerns related to accessibility. We found that the films were effective at changing some incorrect assumptions about designing for diverse users and increasing recognition of the importance of designing for diversity.
The International Lender of Last Resort : How Large is Large Enought?

This paper considers how an international lender of last resort (LOLR) can prevent self-fulfilling banking and currency crises in emerging economies. We compare two different arrangements: one in which the international LOLR injects liquidity into international financial markets, and one in which its resources are used to back domestic banking safety nets. Both arrangements would require important changes in the global financial architecture: the first one would require a global central bank issuing an international currency, while the second one would have to be operated by an "international banking fund" closely involved in the supervision of domestic banking systems.
Signaling Properties of Structurally Diverse Kappa Opioid Receptor Ligands: Toward in Vitro Models of in Vivo Responses

Biased ligands preferentially activate certain signaling pathways downstream of their target receptor, leading to differential physiological or behavioral responses downstream. The kappa opioid rec...
Bacterial Pyomyositis Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Diagnosis, Management, and Review of the Recent Literature

We present a case and provide a review of all the confirmed cases of pyomyositis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients in the literature after the last published case series, from September 16, 2004 to February 1, 2019. The goal of this review is to examine recent trends in causative organisms, diagnostic modalities, and duration of therapy for patients with HIV and pyomyositis in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. Pyomyositis affects predominately the lower extremities and can have extra-muscular manifestations. Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for diagnosis but computed topography may be sufficient. Without appropriate clinical suspicion, pyomyositis can be misdiagnosed. HIV remains an important risk factor to develop pyomyositis. While magnetic resonance imaging is the preferred diagnostic imaging modality, computed tomography may also be sufficient. Treatment is non-standardized and consists of surgical source control coupled with systemic intravenous and oral antibiotics of variable duration.
Dietary circumvention of acorn tannins by blue jays : Implications for oak demography.

Blue jays consume large quantities of acorns to fuel energy-demanding caching flights in the fall. Yet blue jays possess no known physiological adaptation to counter the negative effects of a high tannin diet on protein digestion. Dietary experiments were conducted to determine if blue jays could subsist on an acorn-only diet, and if they could not, to determine whether supplements of acorn weevil larvae (Curculio), present inside acorns, enabled them to maintain their mass. Comparative tannin assays also were conducted on Lepidobalanus (low tannin; white oak) and Erythrobalanus (high tannin; pin oak) acorns using radial diffusion assay. Captive jays consumed considerable acorn material, yet were unable to maintain mass on ad lib. acorn-only diets or on an acorn +1.5 g larvae/day supplement. There were no significant differences in mass loss between high and low tannin diets. In contrast, blue jays were able to stabilize mass on a diet of acorns +5.0 g larvae supplement/day. These results suggest that acorn weevil larvae, or perhaps other insects, counteract the effects of acorn tannins in the jay diet allowing jays to subsist largely on acorns during the fall caching season. Oak demographic processes may be partly regulated by a tri-trophic relationship among plant, insect and bird. Acorn weevil larvae, considered damaging to oak populations, may actually facilitate oak recruitment and population vagility in the long-term.
The Effect of Surface Drag Strength on Mesocyclone Intensification and Tornadogenesis in Idealized Supercell Simulations

AbstractA suite of six idealized supercell simulations is performed in which the surface drag coefficient Cd is varied over a range of values from 0 to 0.05 to represent a variety of water and land...
Write It Out! CPR for the Soul

Many nurses, although expert caregivers for their patients, often overlook extending this expertise to themselves by neglecting to implement self-care activities to nurture their own well-being. This neglect can precipitate a myriad of physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, and social consequences potentially leading to burnout or even an exit from the nursing profession. Initiating self-care using compassionate purposeful reflection (CPR) journaling, a kind of cardiopulmonary resuscitation for the soul, offers an antidote for self-care neglect and can foster self-compassion creating a protective shield against burnout. CPR journaling can aid in replenishing depleted stores of resilience and compassion enhancing nurses' well-being.
A comparison study: caregiver functioning and family resilience among families of children with cystic fibrosis, asthma, and healthy controls

Caregivers of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk for psychosocial difficulties, which has been related to poorer child well-being and medical adherence. The present study utilized the N...
Controlling excitons in 2D heterostructures and plasmonic devices

Over the past decade, excitonic effects in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors such as MoS2 and WSe2 have been intensely studied. Currently, there is significant interest in understanding how to control excitons in heterostructures and on-chip optical structures that have potential applications to excitonic and optical information processing devices. In this presentation, I will discuss our recent work exploring the nature of the moire trapping potential in MoSe2-WSe2 heterostructures, where the interlayer exciton photoluminescence exhibits a strong temperature dependence. I will also discuss our work demonstrating coupling between organic PTCDA molecular excitons and monolayer WSe2 excitons, which manifests as a ~20 times enhancement of the PTCDA Raman scattering efficiency. Finally, I will report on our recent studies on 2D semiconductor plasmonic structures composed of propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) coupled to monolayer WSe2 excitons. In our new “cross geometry” structures, we are able to explore the nonlinear exciton response of both co- and cross- propagating SPPs. In these devices, we observe a large (near unity) differential transmission response and population pulsation resonances that are dependent on the direction of SPP propagation.
Kinetics and Mass Yields of Aqueous Secondary Organic Aerosol from Highly Substituted Phenols Reacting with a Triplet Excited State.

Biomass burning emits large amounts of phenols, which can partition into cloud/fog drops and aerosol liquid water (ALW) and react to form aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA). Triplet excited states of organic compounds (³C*) are likely oxidants, but there are no rate constants with highly substituted phenols that have high Henry’s law constants (KH) and are likely important in ALW. To address this gap, we investigated the kinetics of six highly substituted phenols with the triplet excited state of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde. Second-order rate constants at pH 2 are all fast, (2.6–4.6) × 10⁹ M–¹ s–¹, while values at pH 5 are 2–5 times smaller. Rate constants are reasonably described by a quantitative structure–activity relationship with phenol oxidation potentials, allowing rate constants of other phenols to be predicted. Triplet-phenol kinetics are unaffected by ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride, galactose (a biomass-burning sugar), or Fe(III). In contrast, ammonium nitrate increases the rate of phenol loss by making hydroxyl radicals, while Cu(II) inhibits phenol decay. Mass yields of aqueous SOA from triplet reactions are large and range from 59 to 99%. Calculations using our data along with previous oxidant measurements indicate that phenols with high KH can be an important source of aqSOA in ALW, with ³C* typically the dominant oxidant.
CFD simulation of covid aerosol dispersion in indoor environments

Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations for the droplet's dispersion generated by a cough in an indoor background, droplets trajectory, and evaporation time are predicted to be related to the droplet's diameter and relative humidity. In general, medium-size droplets have higher axial penetration potential, and large droplets tend to settle on the ground due to gravity. Also, larger droplets take a longer time to evaporate. Smaller droplets tend to be suspended in the flow field with small penetration potential and tend to fade faster;smaller droplets < 20 μm evaporate completely before the simulation time reaches 0.75 sec. To study the effect of Relative Humidity (RH) on the evaporation rate, in particular, the present study offers three simulations, all with the same standard room conditions, only differ in relative humidity s 40%,60%, and 90%. Another source of variability is the cough-expired volume. This study adopts existent experimental work to establish two cough flow rate profiles. The Lagrangian discrete phase model is adopted along with the species model to track and investigate the cough droplet dispersion and evaporation. © 2021 by ASME.
Violent Conflict and the Strength of Civil Society

Leading theories of institutional and economic development emphasize the role of informal norms and the strength of civil society. Though informal norms and civil society are usually thought to change incrementally, exposure to violent conflict may shock these institutions. Well identified household level studies show that exposure to violent conflict may increase political participation, participation in social groups, involvement in community leadership, and contributions to public goods (Bauer et al. 2016). Evidence suggests that civil war may influence formal institutional quality at the country level, however, evidence that violence can change civil society or informal norms at the county level is sparse. In this study I apply the synthetic control method to model the impact of violent conflict on the strength of civil society at the country level. I focus on five countries in which existing micro-level evidence suggests that exposure to violence changes to behavior or informal norms: Sierra Leone, Burundi, Uganda, Nepal and Liberia. Results of the synthetic control analysis suggests that civil war is associated with stronger civil society in at least some contexts.
The Rush to Measure Performance

This article examines the concept of performance measurement and identifies several major performance measurement initiatives that have implications for the human services. Each of these initiatives is briefly discussed and their similarities and differences noted. The article points out that little coordination appears to be taking place between these initiatives which raises the specter of human service agencies having to contend with multiple potentially incompatible performance measurement systems. The implications of performance measurement for human services agencies is then discussed. The article closes by suggesting that agency administrators, advocacy groups, clients and others concerned about the human services need to become informed and knowledgeable about performance measurement.
A Review of “Cognitive Surplus”: by Clay Shirky. New York, NY: The Penguin Press, 2010. 256 pp. $25.95 hardcover. ISBN 978-1594202537 (hardcover).

Suppose that one day all American adults decided that two of the three hours they spend watching TV every day are enough. If they all decided to spend that one hour on contributing to Wikipedia, ho...
Economic impact of the U.S. Export Trading Company Act

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the limited immunity for export cartels offered by the United States' Export Trading Company Act (1982). We have assembled a data set of 195 Export Trade Certificates of Review - all those created from when the first certificate was granted in 1983 through the end of 2004. We provide descriptive statistics on these ETCs, including the types of firms that apply for these certificates and the nature of the restrictions placed upon them by the Department of Commerce and the Department of Justice. We then estimate the determinants of the real value of U.S. product-level manufacturing exports from 1978 through 2004. We find that, controlling for the growth rate of exports in the industry, on average ETCs do not increase exports. In some estimates, the real value of exports actually falls after receiving an ETC. There are two possible explanations for this. One is that firms choose to obtain an ETC Certificate of Review when they are concerned that exports in the sector are going to fall. Receiving an ETC thus precedes this fall in exports, but does not cause it. The second possible explanation is that industries with ETCs can in fact exercise market power and the decline in the real value of exports reflects a strategic reduction in the quantity of goods exported. Given the predominance of ETCs in relatively unconcentrated industries we believe the former explanation is more plausible.
Transitioning HPC software to exascale heterogeneous computing

An increasing portion of the top supercomputers in the world, including Blue Waters, have heterogeneous CPUGPU computational units. As we move towards exascale, we can expect even more pervasive deployment of heterogeneous computational units. While a handful of science teams can already use heterogeneous computational units in their production applications, there is still significant room for the growing use. This paper presents the current state and projected path for transitioning software into this new paradigm. We first summarize the currently practical languages such as OpenCL, OpenACC, and C++AMP, in increasing levels of productivity, highlighting their recent advancements in supporting performance portability and maintainability. We will then give a brief overview of some emerging programming systems such as TANGRAM and Troilet that are designed to further enhance developer productivity for heterogeneous computing.
Is stealing a gateway crime

Stealing behaviors are common among youth and adolescents and often begin in early ages due to a variety of developmental, behavioral, and social factors. This study explores the prevalence of stealing behaviors in a South Texas juvenile detention facility. Researchers discovered stealing was the most frequently reported offense followed by the lack of supervision. Youth arrested for stealing were also more likely to be arrested prior to their twelfth birthday, have subsequent charges that may include assault, and have multiple charges. Results with implications for interventions are provided.
The Nurse–Family Partnership

The Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP) is a program of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses for low-income first-time mothers. NFP nurses help parents improve 1) the outcomes of pregnancy by helping women improve their prenatal health; 2) children’s subsequent health and development by helping parents provide competent infant and toddler care; and 3) parents’ economic self-sufficiency by helping them complete their educations, find work, and plan future pregnancies. In three scientifically controlled trials the program produced benefits in each of these targeted areas. Today the NFP is serving over 20,000 families, and is likely to grow substantially with the support of health care reform.
Compressive Load-Deflection Characteristics of Several Foam Materials at Room Temperature, 77 K and 4.2 K

A 300-kJ superconducting inductive energy storage experiment at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory involves supporting a superconducting coil within a fiberglass cryostat with a secondary coil on the outside of the cryostat as shown in Fig. 1. The energy storage experiment is a model for a pulsed plasma thermonuclear fusion energy source. The experiment involves charging the primary superconducting coil with a current of 10,000 A, driving a switch section of the circuit from its superconducting state to its normal resistive state, producing a large voltage across the switch. The transient current decay in the primary loop induces a large current into the secondary coil and a resistive load connected in series.
Integrated probe for sweat analysis

Solid-state integrated probe based on ion-sensitive, field-effect transistors has been used for determination of sodium chloride in sweat for diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. This probe can yield useful clinical data faster and with higher reliability than the conventional titration test. A battery-powered instrument that converts the differential current into milliequivalents of sodium chloride has been constructed. It is possible to perform the diagnosis without inducing sweating with pilocarpine. It is suggested that similar probes with multisensing capability can be used for analysis of other surface body fluids.
Relationship between proper time and dimensional regularization of QCD

Abstract The gluon propagator is renormalized to one loop in two different ways - dimensional regularization and by introducing a proper time parametrization. By comparing the two results, the ratio of the proper time mass parameter to the minimal subtraction mass is calculated. This is a renormalization-point independent and therefore physically interesting number. Using this ratio, the scale mass appearing in the one-loop constant abelian field effective action is calculated in terms of the standard QCD scale mass Λ MS .
Replacement of the descending thoracic aorta: contemporary outcomes using hypothermic circulatory arrest.

Objective Recent advances in endovascular repair have put into question the role of open surgery on the descending thoracic aorta. We evaluated our experience with replacement of the descending thoracic aorta using hypothermic circulatory arrest. Methods From May 1989 to August 2008, 151 patients (mean age 62 ± 15 years) had descending thoracic aorta replacement using cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermic circulatory arrest. Concurrent distal aortic arch repair was performed in 71 patients (47%). Seventeen patients (11%) had emergency operation. Results The mean durations of bypass and circulatory arrest were 107 ± 34 and 32 ± 9 minutes, respectively. Stroke occurred in 5 patients (3.3%), spinal cord ischemic injury in 2 patients (1.3%; 1 paraplegia, 1 paraparesis), and renal failure requiring dialysis in 2 patients (1.3%). Thirty-day and 6-month mortality rates were 4.0% and 9.9%, respectively. Following emergency operation, the 30-day mortality rate was 17.6% compared with 2.2% after elective surgery (P = .02). Five- and 10-year survival rates were 71% and 45%, respectively. Five patients required reoperation on the graft or contiguous aorta at a mean of 5 ± 4 years after the initial repair. Five- and 10-year rates of freedom from reoperation were 96% and 92%, respectively. Conclusions Cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermic circulatory arrest can be safely used for replacement of the descending thoracic aorta. Although more invasive than endovascular stent grafting, this open surgical technique provides definitive repair, maintenance of left subclavian artery patency, protection against spinal cord injury, and early mortality and morbidity rates that do not exceed those reported for endovascular repair.
Long-range structural correlations in amorphous ternary In-based oxides

Abstract Systematic investigations of ternary In-based amorphous oxides, In–X–O with X = Sn, Zn, Ga, Cd, Ge, Sc, Y, or La, are performed using ab-initio molecular-dynamics liquid-quench simulations. The results reveal that the local M–O structure remains nearly intact upon crystalline to amorphous transition and exhibit weak dependence on the composition. In marked contrast, the structural characteristics of the metal–metal shell, namely, the M–M distances and M–O–M angles that determine how MO polyhedra are connected into a network, are affected by the presence of X. Complex interplay between several factors such as the cation ionic size, metal–oxygen bond strength, as well as the natural preference for edge, corner, or face-sharing between the MO polyhedra, leads to a correlated behavior in the long-range structure. These findings highlight the mechanisms of the amorphous structure formation as well as the specifics of the carrier transport in these oxides.
Quantum Phase Transition of 3He in Aerogel at a Nonzero Pressure

We present evidence for a nonzero pressure, T=0 superfluid phase transition of {sup 3}He in 98.2{percent} open aerogel. Unlike bulk {sup 3}He, which is a superfluid at T=0 at all pressures (densities) between zero and the melting pressure, {sup 3}He in aerogel is not superfluid unless the {sup 3}He density exceeds a critical value {rho}{sub c} . About 90{percent} of the {sup 3}He added above {rho}{sub c} contributes to the superfluid density. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Re-conceptualizing the economic incorporation of immigrants: A comparison of the Mexican and Vietnamese

Using data from the 2000 5 per cent Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, this article advocates three shifts in our theoretical and empirical approaches to understanding immigrant economic incorporation. First, through a comparison of Mexican and Vietnamese immigrants, these findings highlight the importance of an immigrant population's relationship to the state for economic outcomes, and cautions against analyses that aggregate the foreign-born population. Second, through a joint analysis of unemployment and poverty outcomes, these findings call for researchers to be specific about the varied aspects of “economic incorporation” and distinguish between factors that drive labor market access, and those that foster material well-being. Lastly, by examining three state economic, demographic and policy variables, this article promotes an approach that takes human capital into account, while also heeding the immigrant context of reception.