cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Othello syndrome: delusional disorder - jealous type ≠ violence

Background Othello syndrome, also known as morbid jealousy, pathological jealousy, and conjugal paranoia, is a rare delusional disorder related to partner’s infidelity. There are no large scale or comprehensive studies on delusional jealousy, and only few case reports and cases series leave delusional disorder jealous type (DDJT) largely unknown. Herein, we report a case of DDJT, its possible etiology and describe its characteristics, comorbidities, and interventions. Case Description A 65-year-old married, retired, and disabled Caucasian male with a history of closed traumatic brain injury and chronic pain presented for outpatient care accompanied by his wife with a chief complaint of paranoid delusions. The patient was a car racer when he sustained over 25% total body surface area burns after his motor vehicle crashed at the speed of almost 160 mph. The patient was in a coma for more than nine weeks, coded three times, and was resuscitated each time. Per imaging, the patient suffered subarachnoid hemorrhage to the right outer parietal and left front parietal lobes. The patient developed chronic pain from the extensive burns and has been on opioids for many years until he gradually tapered himself off about six years ago. For the last couple of years, the patient has experienced cognitive decline associated with disorientation and memory deficit. The patient has been perseverative on his wife’s trip two years ago during which the patient believed that she had an affair with one of their mutual acquaintances. The patient denied visual or auditory hallucinations and continued to express his love and affection toward his wife. Although his wife has continually provided reassurance, and multiple family members confirmed her faithfulness, the patient had minimal insight into his delusion and expressed disappointment in loss of sexual intimacy between him and his wife. The patient has been prescribed duloxetine 60mg and trazodone 150mg, and his mood, anxiety, and sleep have been stable. The patient has also started taking pimozide 1mg nightly since beginning of this year with good response. Discussion The DSM estimates the prevalence of DDJT to be less than 1%. At least a third of cases show neurological basis involving frontal lobe dysfunction associated with strokes, Parkinson’s disease, brain trauma and tumors, neurodegenerative disorder, encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, and even normal pressure hydrocephalus. Association with alcohol, amphetamine, cocaine, and dopamine therapy (pergolide, ropinirole, levodopa, amantadine, and pramipexole) were reported. Finally, DDJT is known to be a risk factor of violent crimes including homicide. Treatment with pimozide shows the strongest evidence, and most patients show improvement with any antipsychotic medication along with CBT. Continued research and further clinical trials are warranted for DDJT considering patients’ positive response to interventions, and because DDJT can become a dangerous condition in forensic situations.
Interrupted Measurement Repositioning Using Elastic Averaging

In many cases, it is impractical or prohibitively expensive to develop new instrumentation to study tribological phenomena in situ, but with the application of elastic averaging, to accurately locate two surfaces with respect to one another, this can be realized with existing peripheral diagnostic equipment. A sample fixture was designed using the principles of elastic averaging that allows for the separation and repeatable repositioning of a tribological test specimen. Using an optical interferometer and digital image correlation, the fixture was determined to have average repositioning errors of <2 µm, in both the x and y directions. The application of these simple design principles could provide an accurate, repeatable, and low-cost solution for interrupted tribological studies.
Changes in ammonia values of protein-free filtrates of blood during storage in the frozen state.

Protein-free filtrates of blood treated with trichloracetic acid were divided into two or three parts. The ammonia concentration of one of these was determined immediately by the ninhydrin method described by Nathan and Rodkey (1). The others were kept frozen for periods of 1-8 days and then thawed and analyzed. The blood ammonia concentrations calculated from these filtrate values were compared. A significant change in ammonia level during frozen storage was demonstrated.
Color vs. black- and- white effects on learning, opinion, and attention

As the number of color television sets in use has grown,' there has been a corresponding growth of interest in the potential effects of the color format in visual media. The additional factor of color in a visual medium might affect learning of material presented by that medium. It might affect the opinions of the material presented. And it might affect the attention people pay to the material presented. This paper reports the result of experiments designed to indicate some of the impact of color. It is hoped that the findings reported here eventually can be extended to all visual media and can be considered from a broad theoretical approach to information processing. Prior research has indicated that variations in modes of communication, including the use of color, produce effects that are independent of the effects of content. Deutschmann, Barrow, and McMillan (1961) found some evidence that a live presentation produced a higher ratio of "irrelevant" to "relevant" learning than a film presentation of the same material. Extraneous visual cues (although not necessarily color cues) in the live presentation were said to cause an increase in attention to what was called "irrelevant" material.
Simian Model for the Evaluation of Immunity to Influenza

Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) exposed to small-particle aerosols of the Aichi strain of type A2 influenza virus responded by shedding virus from the nasopharynx for 7 to 9 days and by seroconversion (hemagglutination inhibition) 8 or 9 days after exposure. After rechallenge with the homologous virus, no replication of the organism was observed, and a serological anamnestic reaction occurred. The data indicate that the rhesus monkey is a useful primate model for evaluating induced immunity to influenza virus infection.
A discussion of fire risk assessment

Fire standards have been characterized in the ASTM Policy on Fire Standards (1979) as either fire risk assessment standards or fire test standards. Although the need for fire risk assessment standards is evident, there isa lack of understanding of what a fire risk assessment standard is and how it is obtained. The role of ASTM Subcommittee E05.91 on Planning and Review, a subcommittee of ASTM Committee E-5 on Fire Standards, and its success in answering these questions is described. Related subjects such as definitions of risk, hazard, and safety, the effect of proximity, and determination of the potential for harm are discussed.
Theory and application of optimum transmit-receive radar

Recent advances in linear amplifier and arbitrary waveform generation technology have spawned interest in adaptive transmitter systems as a means for both optimizing target signal gain and enhancing ID. In this paper rigorous theoretical performance bounds are constructively established for the joint transmitter-target-channel-receiver optimization problem in the presence of additive colored noise (ACN), (e.g., interference multipath). For the ACN case, an analytical solution is obtained as an eigenvector (with associated maximum eigenvalue) of a homogeneous Fredholm integral equation of the second type. The kernel function is Hermitian and is obtained from the cascade of the target impulse response with the ACN whitening filter. The theoretical performance gains achievable over conventional transmitter strategies (e.g., chirp) are presented for various simulation scenarios including interference multipath mitigation. Also discussed is the potential effectiveness of an optimal discriminating pulse solution for the N-target ID problem that arises naturally from the theory.
Strength and Reliability of Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics

The influences of temperature and processing conditions (unpoled or poled-depoled) on strength, Weibull parameters and the stress-strain behavior of tin-modified lead zirconate titanate (PSZT) were evaluated in four-point bending. PSZT exhibited temperature-dependent non-linear and non-symmetric stress-strain behavior. A result of temperature dependent non-linearity was an apparent reduction in the flexural strength of PSZT as temperature increases. At room temperature the average stress in the outer-fiber of bend bars was 84 MPa, whereas, for specimens tested at 120°C the average failure stress was only 64 MPa. The load-carrying capacity, however, did not change with temperature, but the degree of deformation tolerated by PSZT prior to failure increased with temperature.
Telechelic Associative Polymers: Interactions between Strongly Stretched Planar Adsorbed Layers

The interactions between planar brushes of adsorbed telechelic polymers are investigated via a self-consistent mean-field calculation via the strong stretching approximation. By allowing the relaxation of the loops upon the initiation of bridging, we obtain a stronger attraction than from Milner and Witten's analysis that excludes this effect. The entropy of ends is the origin of the attraction, but excluded-volume interactions play a role. The interaction potential in kT per chain is determined by the dimensionless separation and a single dimensionless parameter, the extent of stretching normalized by the size of a Gaussian coil.
Friends Do Not Let Friends Execute: The Council of Europe and the International Campaign to Abolish the Death Penalty

This article investigates the way in which the Council of Europe enforced the norm against capital punishment in Europe. The Council of Europe, through both moral persuasion and centripetal pressure, compelled its member states to adopt the regionally promoted human rights standard. Ukraine, where the very last execution in Europe took place, accepted the norm after a number of years of resistance and in the face of public opposition to abolition. It was possible because of the adamant role of the Council of Europe in attempting to build a death penalty-free zone in Europe and Ukraine's strategic will to be integrated within the European regional community.
Comforting Babies in Public Spaces.

Seventy‐five infants from six months to three years of age were observed in public areas, such as shopping malls and grocery stores. Observers unobtrusively used event sampling to record expressions of infant fear and adult caregiver responses to infant/toddler distress. Sixty‐one percent of the infants responded by crying when frightened. Caregivers responded by picking up the frightened baby 41 % of the time. Caregivers tended to respond primarily with either positive, nurturing responses or negative/indifferent responses, although there was wide variation in the types of specific procedures or behaviors they exhibited. 1 Poster presented at the biennial meetings of the World Association for Infant Psychiatry and Development, Chicago, II., September, 1992.
Conserved gene clusters in bacterial genomes provide further support for the primacy of RNA

Five complete bacterial genome sequences have been released to the scientific community. These include four (eu)Bacteria, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma genitalium, M. pneumoniae, and Synechocystis PCC 6803, as well as one Archaeon, Methanococcus jannaschii. Features of organization shared by these genomes are likely to have arisen very early in the history of the bacteria and thus can be expected to provide further insight into the nature of early ancestors. Results of a genome comparison of these five organisms confirm earlier observations that gene order is remarkably unpreserved. There are, nevertheless, at least 16 clusters of two or more genes whose order remains the same among the four (eu)Bacteria and these are presumed to reflect conserved elements of coordinated gene expression that require gene proximity. Eight of these gene orders are essentially conserved in the Archaea as well. Many of these clusters are known to be regulated by RNA-level mechanisms in Escherichia coli, which supports the earlier suggestion that this type of regulation of gene expression may have arisen very early. We conclude that although the last common ancestor may have had a DNA genome, it likely was preceded by progenotes with an RNA genome.
Reconstitution of the Ste24p-dependent N-terminal Proteolytic Step in Yeast a-Factor Biogenesis

The yeast mating pheromone a-factor precursor contains an N-terminal extension and a C-terminal CAAX motif within which multiple posttranslational processing events occur. A recently discovered component in a-factor processing is Ste24p/Afc1p, a multispanning endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein that contains an HEXXH metalloprotease motif. Our in vivo genetic characterization of this protein has demonstrated roles for Ste24p in both the N-terminal and C-terminal proteolytic processing of the a-factor precursor. Here, we present evidence that the N-terminal proteolysis of the a-factor precursor P1 can be accurately reconstituted in vitro using yeast membranes. We show that this activity is dependent on Ste24p and is abolished by mutation of the Ste24p HEXXH metalloprotease motif or by mutation of the a-factor P1 substrate at a residue adjacent to the N-terminal P1 cleavage site. We also demonstrate that N-terminal proteolysis of the P1 a-factor precursor requires Zn2+ as a co-factor and can be inhibited by the addition of the metalloprotease inhibitor 1,10-orthophenanthroline. Our results are consistent with Ste24p itself being the P1→P2 a-factor protease or a limiting activator of this activity. Interestingly, we also show that the humanSte24 homolog expressed in yeast can efficiently promote the N-terminal processing of a-factor in vivo and in vitro, thus establishing a-factor as a surrogate substrate in the absence of known human substrates. The results reported here, together with the previously reported in vitro reconstitution of Ste24p-dependent CAAX processing, provide a system for examining the potential bifunctional roles of yeast Ste24p and its homologs.
1094 IDIOPATHIC HYPERCALCIURIA (IH) IN CHILDREN

IH occurs in 3-14% of adults and is a major cause of calcium (Ca) renal stones. We studied the prevalence of IH in an unselected population of 273 children and metabolic characteristics of IH in 7 children with symptomatic and asymptomatic IH. Random urine samples from 130 girls and 143 boys were analyzed for Ca/Cr concentration ratios. In 7 children, 3 with Ca stones, additional studies were done. 24-hour urine collections for Ca were obtained while the child was ingesting an ambient diet. After a 15-hour fast, first and second a.m. urine specimens were analyzed for Ca/Cr and cyclic-AMP. Blood was obtained in the fasting state and analyzed for Ca, inmunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and 25(OH)D3. Values of urine Ca/Cr ranged from 0.01 to 0.73 mgm/mgm; mean 0.06, 0.062 S.D. Mean Ca/Cr was 0.078 in boys and 0.059 in girls (p<.03). Ca/Cr was not correlated with age for either sex. All 7 children studied in detail were of appropriate height and weight. The blood studies were normal in these children. Serum iPTH and 25(OH)D3 levels were within normal range. 24-hour urine Ca ranged from 3,25 to 8.65 mgm/kg/24 hrs; mean 5.34. Fasting Ca/Cr decreased substantially in 4 patients but remained greatly elevated in 3. Urine cAMP was slightly elevated in 2 children. These data demonstrate that asymptomatic IH occurs in 2.9-6.2% of children and that IH in children can result from either intestinal overabsorption of Ca or from a renal leak, as is true for adults.
Rural American Indians' Perspectives of Obstacles in the Mental Health Treatment Process in Three Treatment Sectors

This study sought to identify obstacles associated with alcohol, drug, and mental (ADM) health care utilization in three treatment sectors for residents on three reservations in the United States. Participants (N 224) disclosed that they had sought treatment for ADM problems in the past year and identified obstacles they faced during this process. Four obstacles were identified: (a) self-reliance, (b) privacy issues, (c) quality of care, and (d) communication/trust. A vast majority (71%) of participants reported at least one of these obstacles during treatment, and 61% faced two or more obstacles. There were no differences in the type or number of obstacles by treatment sector. Privacy and communication/trust obstacles were more likely to occur in emotional treatment compared to alcohol/drug treatment.
Creation and Removal of Embedded Ribonucleotides in Chromosomal DNA during Mammalian Okazaki Fragment Processing

Mammalian RNase HI has been shown to specifically cleave the initiator RNA of Okazaki fragments at the RNA-DNA junction, leaving a single ribonucleotide attached to the 5′-end of the downstream DNA segment. This monoribonucleotide can then be removed by the mammalian 5′- to 3′-exo-/endonuclease, a RAD2 homolog-1 (RTH-1) class nuclease, also known as flap endonuclease-1 (FEN-1). Although FEN-1/RTH-1 nuclease often requires an upstream primer for efficient activity, the presence of an upstream primer is usually inhibitory or neutral for removal of this 5′-monoribonucleotide. Using model Okazaki fragment substrates, we found that DNA ligase I can seal a 5′-monoribonucleotide into DNA. When both ligase and FEN-1/RTH-1 were present simultaneously, some of the 5′-monoribonucleotides were ligated into DNA, while others were released. Thus, a 5′-monoribonucleotide, particularly one that is made resistant to FEN-1/RTH-1-directed cleavage by extension of an inhibitory upstream primer, can be ligated into the chromosome, despite the presence of FEN-1/RTH-1 nuclease. DNA ligase I was able to seal different monoribonucleotides into the DNA for all substrates tested, with an efficiency of 1–13% that of ligating DNA. These embedded monoribonucleotides can be removed by the combined action of RNase HI, cutting on the 5′-side, and FEN-1/RTH-1 nuclease, cleaving on the 3′-side. After FEN-1/RTH-1 action and extension by polymerization, DNA ligase I can join the entirely DNA strands to complete repair.
Prevalence and natural host range of Homalodisca coagulata virus-1 (HoCV-1)

Transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the presence of picorna-like virus particles presumed to be Homalodisca coagulata virus-1 (HoCV-1) in the midgut region of adult glassy-winged sharpshooters (GWSS). In addition, we offer a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the detection of this virus with a sensitivity of ∼95 genome equivalents. A survey employing this assay in conjunction with GWSS samples collected throughout the United States including California, Hawaii, Florida Georgia, and the Carolinas revealed a fairly widespread pattern of distribution, although potentially restricted to temperate regions, areas with elevated host densities, or to populations of a common origin. The virus was found to naturally infect adults regardless of host plant and was not specific to a particular lifestage or sex. Examination of alternate leafhopper species further demonstrated that, although infection is not ubiquitous to all sharpshooter genera, HoCV-1 is not limited to Homalodisca vitripennis (=H. coagulata).
Spalogenic rare gases in iron meteorites with anomalous silver

He, Ne, and Ar have been measured in seven iron meteorites for which anomalous Ag isotopic compositions were reported, in order to determine if ^(107)Ag excesses could be related to galactic cosmic-ray bombardment of these meteorites. Our results show that no correlation exists between ^(107)Ag excess and either the fluence or the energy spectrum of the particles producing spallogenic rare gases. Cosmic-ray-produced ^(107)Ag estimated from ^(38)Ar concentrations can account for only about 1% of the observed excess. Elimination of cosmic-ray bombardment as a production mechanism for ^(107)Ag excess strengthens the conclusion that the excess ^(107)Ag is the decay product of short-lived ^(107)Pd (τ_(1/2)=6.5Myr). The iron meteorite Pinon is shown to contain trapped rare gases with ^4He/^(20)Ne∼600.
Hydrodynamic properties of a thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 antagonist binding site solubilized from human platelets

The hydrodynamic properties of a binding site for the thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor antagonist 9,11-dimethylmethano-11,12-methano-16-(3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-13,14-dihydro-13-aza-15αβ-ω-tetranor-thromboxane A2 (I-PTA-OH) were determined in solubilized membrane proteins from human platelets using the detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio] 1-propane-sulfonate (CHAPS). Gel filtration revealed a Stokes radius of 5.25 ± 0.37 nm (n=9). Molecular weight determined by gel filtration assuming a spherical protein was 180,000–220,000 Daltons. Sedimentation through sucrose or glycerol gradients revealed a sedimentation coefficient of 6.3 ± 0.2 Svedberg units (n=5). The molecular weight calculated using the Stokes radius and sedimentation coefficient was 140,000 Daltons. The frictional ratio ffo was 1.4, corresponding to an axial ratio of 7:1.
Reformatory Education in Chinese Society

This paper analyzes institutional procedures in the People's Republic of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong with respect to issues of offender and relative stigmatization, organizational rationality and educational quality. It argues that while current political orientations sharply influence the institutional culture in each of the areas surveyed, constructive solutions to common institutional problems remain elusive.
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow: pathologist, physician, anthropologist, and politician. Implications of his work for the understanding of cerebrovascular pathology and stroke.

✓ The history of apoplexy and descriptions of stroke symptoms date back to ancient times. It was not until the mid-nineteenth century, however, that the contributions of Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow, including his descriptions of the phenomena he called “embolism” and “thrombosis” as well as the origins of ischemia, changed the understanding of stroke. He suggested three main factors that conduce to venous thrombosis, which are now known as the Virchow triad. He also showed that portions of what he called a “thrombus” could detach and form an “embolus.” Thus, Virchow coined these terms to describe the pathogenesis of the disorder. It was also not until 1863 that Virchow recognized and differentiated almost all of the common types of intracranial malformations: telangiectatic venous malformations, arterial malformations, arteriovenous malformations, cystic angiomas (possibly what are now called hemangioblastomas), and transitional types of these lesions. This article is a review of the contributions of Rudol...
Stable cation formation and luminescence on inorganic oxide surfaces: 9-phenylxanthenyl cation

Abstract The alcohol 9-phenylxanthen-9-ol (I) was adsorbed on silica gel and alumina surfaces. Under room temperature conditions the 9-phenylxanthenyl cation (II) was formed and stabilized on silica gel. Steady state fluorescence studies show II fluoresces with λmax = 510 nm and that this luminescence occurs via both direct excitation of II as well as adiabatic dehydroxylation of the excited singlet of I. Time-resolved experiments show II has a fluorescence lifetime on silica gel of 37 ± 2 ns and is quenched by oxygen at a rate of 1.5 × 104 Torr-1 s-1.
The Effects of Dewinging on Chick Growth and Laying House Performance of Experimental White Leghorns

Abstract IS IT economically possible to secure more meat and/or eggs from the domestic fowl by surgically removing all or most of the wings? Some poultry research workers have apparently found positive answers to this question. Kondo et al. (1958) reported an increase in edible thigh and breast meat of 13.9 and 16.7 percent respectively in approximately 14 week old, nearly wingless, male crossbred chicks (Barred Plymouth Rock × White Leghorn). The increases in edible meat in slightly younger wingless females of the same breeding was not as good as that of the males. Average finishing live weight in both sexes of the cut wing group was also greater than in the control group. Kamar and Sami (1964), experimenting with Baladi and Fayomi stocks, found that cutting two-thirds of the free part of the wings of the newly hatched chick caused the wingless birds to grow faster—to have higher body…
Effects of a Specialized Prenatal Adolescent Program on Maternal and Infant Outcomes

The effects of a specialized prenatal educational program on perinatal outcomes in an urban adolescent maternity term population were examined. Fifty pregnant adolescents attended the program and 50 nonattenders served as controls. All subjects delivered at the same large metropolitan hospital. The data supported the hypotheses predicting that those adolescents exposed to the educational program and their infants would demonstrate fewer perinatal complications than those not exposed to the program. When analyzed by age, attenders and their infants in both groups (13 to 15 and 16 to 18 years of age) had fewer complications than nonattenders. Attenders also demonstrated lower frequencies of several obstetric and postnatal complications than did nonattenders. This study underscores the positive effects a specialized education program can have on adolescent perinatal outcomes.
The crisis in social and institutional integration

Abstract This paper focuses on the evolving structure of society as a whole. The economic process is part of a larger social process where there is a continuous need for the integration of economics and the broader institutional structure within which economics should be embedded. This paper does not intend to suggest that the market sector of society is not needed or will not be beneficial as society evolves, but rather, that there is a separate domain beyond which further extension of the boundaries of market rationality is detrimental. There seems to be two competing views of the market economy within current ideology. The first views the ultimate benefit of the market economy in terms of the current standard of living and mass material provisioning and, therefore, supports the continued path of market capitalism. The second view is that the inherent shortcomings of the market economy in terms of distributional equity, quality of life, environmental degradation, and so forth, call for an abandonment of the market economy and a replacement of it with some alternative economic structure. An alternate view which is pursued here, suggests that the market structure itself is not the major problem, but rather, the dominance of the market economy over the institutional structures of polity and culture.
Rubber Oxidation and Antioxidant Actions

Abstract Many experimental investigations into the oxidation or aging characteristics of rubbers have been carried out during the last 30 years. Some have studied changes in physical properties during artificial aging and have linked these with culcanizate composition and with changes occurring during natural aging. Others have studied the kinetics and mechanisms of the chemical reactions involved. Both approaches have contributed much to the general body of knowledge on this subject. In more recent years, serious attempts have been made to correlate rate and extent of oxygen absorption with changes in physical properties, and conclusions drawn from this work have proved to be of considerable interest. In most of the work reported, however, oxygen absorption experiments were carried out on one sample of rubber, using a laboratory absorption apparatus, and deterioration of the physical properties of different samples were determined after aging for appropriate periods in an aging oven. Alternatively, direc...
Flight tests of a simple airborne device for predicting clear air turbulence encounters

An airborne clear-air turbulence detector is being flight-tested on board NASA's C-141 and Learjet aircraft. The device is an infrared (IR) sensor in the water vapor band and is designed to detect changes in vapor concentrations associated with turbulence in shear conditions. Warnings of about 5 min have been demonstrated at flight altitudes from 9.1 to 13.7 km (30,000 to 45,000 ft). Encounter predictions were obtained 80% of the time, and false alarms were given about 6% of the time. Several simple algorithms were studied for use as signal output analyzers and for alert triggering.
Photodesorption of NO on Ag(111) at 80 K

We have performed photon induced desorption (PID) from NO adsorbed on Ag(111) in the wavelength region 250–800 nm by using Xe and Hg-Xe arc lamps in combination with a monochromator (P ≤ 30 mWcm −2 ). The adsorption of NO on Ag(111) and subsequent changes after irradiation were characterized by high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). PID of NO and N 2 O have been observed from the NO saturated surface. PID takes place with a high cross-section only from species adsorbed in atop states and the cross-section increases strongly with the photon energy. At λ = 280 nm (4.4 eV), the cross-section for NO desorption is σ NO = 5.5 × 10 − 18 cm 2 . The PID mechanisms of NO on Ag(111) are discussed in terms of the photoexcitations of the substrate (Ag 5s and 4d level) and the adsorbate (NO 2π occ level). At low photon energies (hv occ level) and substrate (5s level) photoexcitations are the driving mechanisms while at higher photon energies (above Ag 4d level excitation), the d level excitation is also possible. Both adsorbate and substrate photoexcitations can lead to desorption.
Thin formvar coated counter windows

Abstract By coating pyroxylin films with formvar a pressure-tight window can be produced that will stand up better under roughing and venting of the vacuum system than the same thickness of pure pyroxylin. Typical thickness is 45 μg/cm 2 . With a surface area of 0.2 in. 2 it will withstand a pressure of 10 cm Hg before significant leakage occurs.
Fast Precise Size Distributions From Light-Scattering Extrema

There has been in recent years an ever increasing need for a fast determination of particle size distribution in systems where the distribution changes with time so much that the conventional methods are not applicable unless one sacrifices significantly precision of the result obtained. In our laboratory the possibility was explored of obtaining distribution curves by determining exclusively the angular location of scattering extrema, i.e. maxima and minima. Several possible methods of procedure were found to be promising. One of these is being described in the following. On using a minicomputer in which one stores that part of the information available from Tables just issued, which is applicable to a given system, the size distribution should be obtainable within less than five minutes including the time needed for angular location of extrema.
Computation of vertical magnetic anomalies from total magnetic field measurements

Magnetic measurements for geophysical work have been largely confined to measurement of the vertical field. Recently an instrument that measures only the total magnetic field has been invented and used with considerable success. Its operation is simpler and faster than the vertical magnetometer and its accuracy is as good as the best of the available vertical instruments. Since the instrument responds only to the total field, its readings are completely independent of orientation or leveling. It is shown that the readings of this instrument give the component of the magnetic anomalies along the direction of dip of the Earth's field. Since this “slant” anomaly is not directly comparable with ordinary measurements of the vertical and horizontal anomalies, or easily interpretable, a method of computing the equivalent vertical and horizontal anomalies has been devised. It is shown that the horizontal and vertical anomalies can be expressed as surface integrals over the surface of measurement of the “slant” anomaly. Means of evaluating these integrals are discussed.
Kv4.2 knockout mice demonstrate increased susceptibility to convulsant stimulation

Summary Purpose: Kv4.2 subunits contribute to the pore-forming region of channels that express a transient, A-type K+ current (A-current) in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell dendrites. Here, the A-current plays an important role in signal processing and synaptic integration. Kv4.2 knockout mice show a near elimination of the A-current in area CA1 dendrites, producing increased excitability in this region. In these studies, we evaluated young adult Kv4.2 knockout mice for spontaneous seizures and the response to convulsant stimulation in the whole animal in vivo and in hippocampal slices in vitro. Methods: Electroencephalogram electrode-implanted Kv4.2 knockout and wild-type mice were observed for spontaneous behavioral and electrographic seizures. The latency to seizure and status epilepticus onset in Kv4.2 knockout and wild-type mice was assessed following intraperitoneal injection of kainate. Extracellular field potential recordings were performed in hippocampal slices from Kv4.2 knockout and wild-type mice following the bath application of bicuculline. Results: No spontaneous behavioral or electrographic seizures were observed in Kv4.2 knockout mice. Following kainate, Kv4.2 knockout mice demonstrated a decreased seizure and status epilepticus latency as well as increased mortality compared to wild-type littermates. The background strain modified the seizure susceptibility phenotype in Kv4.2 knockout mice. In response to bicuculline, slices from Kv4.2 knockout mice exhibited an increase in epileptiform bursting in area CA1 as compared to wild-type littermates. Discussion: These studies show that loss of Kv4.2 channels is associated with enhanced susceptibility to convulsant stimulation, supporting the concept that Kv4.2 deficiency may contribute to aberrant network excitability and regulate seizure threshold.
Surgery for localized prostate cancer after renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of perineal radical prostatectomy (RP) in renal transplant recipients with localized prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study comprised seven consecutive renal transplant patients who had a perineal RP between May 1991 and February 2004. All available clinicopathological data were reviewed. Results All seven patients successfully tolerated RP with no major complications. The mean (sd, range) age at surgery was 62.3 (2.5, 55–74) years and the mean interval from renal transplant to RP 86.5 (25.25, 24–192) months. There was no evidence of increased blood loss, operative duration, transfusion requirement, hospital stay or deterioration of graft function. The presence of an allograft did not alter the surgical approach or management of the patients after RP. The mean follow-up was 22 (2–130) months and all seven patients were followed. One patient had evidence of biochemical recurrence with no radiographic evidence of metastatic disease. Serum prostate-specific antigen was undetectable in the remaining patients. CONCLUSION A perineal RP in renal transplant recipients for treating localized prostate cancer offers many advantages over other treatments.
Temperature and RyR1 Regulate the Activation Rate of Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry Current in Myotubes

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is an important Ca2+ entry pathway in skeletal muscle. However, direct electrophysiological recording and full characterization of the underlying SOCE current in skeletal muscle cells (ISkCRAC) has not been reported. Here, we characterized the biophysical properties, pharmacological profile, and molecular identity of ISkCRAC in skeletal myotubes, as well as the regulation of its rate of activation by temperature and the type I ryanodine receptor (RyR1). ISkCRAC exhibited many hallmarks of Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ currents (ICRAC): store dependence, strong inward rectification, positive reversal potential, limited cesium permeability, and sensitivity to SOCE channel blockers. ISkCRAC was reduced by siRNA knockdown of stromal interaction molecule 1 and expression of dominant negative Orai1. Average ISkCRAC current density at −80mV was 1.00 ± 0.05 pA/pF. In the presence of 20 mM intracellular EGTA, ISkCRAC activation occurred over tens of seconds during repetitive depolarization at 0.5Hz and was inhibited by treatment with 100 μM ryanodine. The rate of SOCE activation was reduced threefold in myotubes from RyR1-null mice and increased 4.6-fold at physiological temperatures (35–37°C). These results show that ISkCRAC exhibits similar biophysical, pharmacological, and molecular properties as ICRAC in nonexcitable cells and its rate of activation during repetitive depolarization is strongly regulated by temperature and RyR1 activity.
The transplant imaginary: Mechanical hearts, animal parts and moral thinking in highly experimental science

Lesley Sharp strikes again. In her new book, entitled, The Transplant Imaginary: Mechanical Hearts, Animal Parts, and Moral Thinking in Highly Experimental Science, Sharp examines the ‘moral thinki...
Self-Assembled Molecular Architectures on Surfaces: New Strategies Involving Metal−Organic Copolymers

A combination of oligomeric porphyrin copolymers and bidentate Lewis bases has been used to construct 2-dimensional multilayer molecular architectures on siloxane-derivatized glass substrates. The key to this supramolecular chemistry is coordinate covalent bonding between zinc-metalated porphyrins and bipyridyl “spacer” ligands, generating layers in an alternating, iterative fashion. UV−vis, XPS, AFM, and X-ray diffraction data support the formation of ordered thin film arrays. The stepwise deposition of each porphyrin layer is tracked by the linear increase in the absorbance of the porphyrin Soret band. XPS results demonstrate that the pyridinium coupling in the first monolayer is susceptible to X-ray decomposition during prolonged exposure. Extremely weak emission in the 600−800 nm region is attributed to the low chromophore concentration in the multilayer films. These results contrast sharply with those of spin-coated polymer thin films and represent an encouraging first step toward the design of new m...
Possible Explanation of the Higher Pion-Nucleon and K - -p Resonances in Terms of Inelastic Thresholds

It was found by means of partial-wave dispersion relations that a large, rapidly rising inelastic cross section can account for a sharp peak in the elastic scattering. The inelastic contribution to the higher partial waves was calculated, the principal mechanism being the production of the J = 1, I = 1 pion-pion resonance. Assigning to this resonance a position and width in accord with recent evidence, strong inelastic scattering in angular momentum and isotopic spin states which account for the resonances were found. AK/sup -/-p resonance is implied, primarily in the D/sub 3/2/ state, at the previously observed energy, provided the recently observed K* has J = 1 and I = 1/2. (L.N.N.)
A Keynesian angle for the Taylor rule: mortgage rates, monthly payment illusion, and the scarecrow effect of inflation

Without a little inflation, bad investment drives out good. Moderate inflation enhances productivity by functioning like a scarecrow: the rise in nominal mortgage rates deters myopic home buyers, who naively watch the nominal interest rate (in its guise as the payment-to-income ratio) rather than the real rate. The recent house price bubble is often blamed on predatory, subprime lending; but low inflation created an environment conducive to such practices. Here a modified IS curve is used to derive a schedule of the neutral real interest rate—where "neutral" has the meaning established by Keynes (1964, p. 243). This shows that, contrary to the Taylor principle, a stabilizing monetary policy reaction function can be flatter than 45 degrees. The central bank need not be as hawkish as is presumed by those who fear that inflation is everywhere and always a runaway phenomenon. Inflation-induced self-selection of borrowers can enhance growth. Overzealous central bank discipline can cause crowding out
Histopathologic changes in snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

The pathophysiologic events that lead to the loss of airway compensation in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are poorly understood. The development of airway instability may be secondary to changes in neurologic control, airway morphology, or both. To identify potential histopathologic features of pharyngeal tissues that may contribute to OSA, transverse sections of the distal soft palate and uvula were qualitatively compared using light and electron microscopy from 4 severe apneics (greater than 50 apnea/hour), 4 severe snorers (less than 20 apnea/hour), and 4 nonsnorers. Light microscopy of both apneics and snorers revealed mucous gland hypertrophy with ductal dilation and focal squamous metaplasia, disruption of muscle bundles by infiltrating mucous glands, focal atrophy of muscle fibers, and extensive edema of the lamina propria with vascular dilation. Severe snorers did not differ qualitatively from apneics in the characteristic changes found; however, some snorers had less extensive changes. No distinctive histopathologic findings could be associated with the development of apnea. Electron microscopy of severe apneics identified frequent focal degeneration of myelinated nerve fibers and axons. The finding of similar histopathologic changes in apneics and severe snorers supports previous speculation of a common etiology not directly related to apnea, such as vibratory trauma to pharyngeal tissues. Degenerative changes in peripheral nerves, identified on electron microscopy, however, may contribute to airway instability and the development of obstructive apnea by impairing pharyngeal reflexes.
Analysis of white-light fiber Fabry-Perot interferometric sensors

In the theoretical performance evaluation of fiber Fabry-Perot interferometric sensors, sensitivity, fringe contrast and dynamic range are the three most important parameters. This paper theoretically models the effect of the cavity length, the F-P finesse, the source bandwidth, the mirror misalignments and symmetry on the sensitivity, fringe contrast and dynamic range of a white-light fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer. The developed systematic analysis approach and the numerical analysis results on both guided and unguided fiber Fabry-Perot interferometric sensors may provide useful guidance for sensor design optimization.
On a theorem concerning the enhancement of nuclear decays by intense radiation fields

Abstract A recently published no-go “theorem” about electromagnetically enhanced nuclear beta decay is invalid. A premise for the theorem is false, and specific evaluation of a stationary-phase calculation formulated by the authors of the no-go theorem gives physically important results, contradicting the theorem.
Optimizing the diagnostic use of a small clinical biopsy.

sequent abortions in dairy heifers and cows. Am J Vet Res 58: 1381–1385. 24. Thurmond MC, Hietala SK: 1997, Effect of Neospora caninum infection on milk production in first-lactation dairy cows. J Am Vet Med Assoc 210:672–674. 25. Thurmond MC, Hietala SK, Blanchard PC: 1997, Herd-based diagnosis of Neospora caninum-induced endemic and epidemic abortion in cows and evidence for congenital and postnatal transmission. J Vet Diagn Invest 9:44–49. 26. Wouda W, Moen AR, Visser IJR, van Knapen F: 1997, Bovine fetal neosporosis: a comparison of epizootic and sporadic abortion cases and different age classes with regard to lesion severity and immunohistochemical identification of organisms in brain, heart, and liver. J Vet Diagn Invest 9:180–185.
Simultaneous greedy approximation in Banach spaces

We study nonlinear m-term approximation with regard to a redundant dictionary L in a Banach space. It is known that in the case of Hilbert space H the pure greedy algorithm (or, more generally, the weak greedy algorithm) provides for each f ∈ H and any dictionary L an expansion into a series f = Σj-1∞ cj(f)ϕj(f), ϕj(f) ∈ L, j = 1,2,... with the Parseval property: ||f|2 = Σj|cj(f)|2. The orthogonal greedy algorithm (or, more generally, the weak orthogonal greedy algorithm) has been introduced in order to enhance the rate of convergence of greedy algorithms. Recently. we have studied analogues of the PGA and WGA for a given finite number of functions f1.....fN with a requirement that the dictionary elements ϕj of these expansions are the same for all fi, i = 1.....N. We have studied convergence and rate of convergence of such expansions which we call simulataneous expansions. The goal of this paper is twofold. First, we work in a Hilbert space and enhance the convergence of the simultaneous greedy algorithms by introducing an analogue of the orthogonalization process, and we give estimates on the rate of covergence. Then, we study simultaneous greedy approximation in a more general setting, namely, in uniformly smooth Banach spaces.
The Occurence of δ-Tocopherylquinone in Higher Plants and Its Relation to Senescence

delta-Tocopherylquinone (deltaTQ) content was determined in tobacco and yellow maple leaves, green ivy leaves and cactus tissues. It was found that the concentration of delta-TQ was highest in mature or senescent tissues, such as white tobacco leaves (0.02 mumole/g dry wt) while its detection was uncertain in young, green leaves from the apex of tobacco plants. Fractionation by centrifugation of senescent tobacco leaves showed that the osmiophilic globule fraction was enriched in delta-TQ. Electron microscope studies of young, mature and senescent tobacco tissues showed progressive changes in the size and number of osmiophilic globules. After chloroplast breakdown in senescent tobacco leaves, these globules became the predominant constituents of the organelle. delta-TQ which is associated with osmiophilic globules may play a role in the development of plants, particularly during senescence.
Dissection of the his leader pause site by base substitution reveals a multipartite signal that includes a pause RNA hairpin

A key feature of transcriptional attenuation in some amino acid biosynthetic operons is a transcriptional pause that occurs immediately after synthesis of the first leader transcript secondary structure. Both RNA secondary structure and downstream DNA sequence are important for pausing at these sites; however, the precise RNA structures involved and the relative contribution of other RNA and DNA bases to pausing are unknown. We studied the effects of base substitutions upstream from the his leader pause site (immediately prior to addition of G103) to determine how nucleic acid sequences and RNA structure contribute to pausing. By testing compensatory base substitutions, we found that pausing depended in part on an RNA secondary structure containing a five base-pair stem and eight nucleotide loop, which we call the his pause RNA hairpin. The his pause hairpin forms 11 nucleotides upstream from the paused transcript 3' end and thus corresponds to only the upper portion of the larger his A:B leader transcript secondary structure. Some base substitutions in the ten nucleotides between the pause hairpin and the 3' end of the transcript increased pausing, whereas others decreased pausing. However, compensatory substitutions that restored pairing of these bases in the lower portion of the A:B secondary structure did not alter these effects. Changing the 3'-terminal nucleotide of the transcript (U102) altered both the position and strength of pausing. Thus, in addition to the downstream DNA sequence, three distinct segments of nucleic acid upstream from the nucleotide-addition site in the transcription complex contribute to pausing in different ways: the pause RNA hairpin, the 3'-proximal region of transcript or DNA template, and the 3'-terminal nucleotide. We suggest that electrostatic interaction between the pause hairpin and RNA polymerase, rather than disruption of an RNA:DNA heteroduplex, delays elongation at the his leader pause site.