cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The expanding applications of non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation.

: Non-myeloablative preparative strategies for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) have been increasingly utilized for a variety of hematological malignancies, solid tumours, and for tolerance induction. These regimens are associated with less transplant-related morbidity and mortality than conventional transplant conditioning regimens. It is not yet clear whether graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) protection is afforded. Potent antitumour responses have been described in a variety of advanced malignancies. We have utilized a cyclophosphamide/anti-T-cell antibody therapy approach, which has resulted in the uniform induction of mixed chimerism. In many cases, this has served as an immunological platform for adoptive cellular immunotherapy (via donor leukocyte infusions). The results of this experience, as well as the outcomes of non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation (NST) for other malignant and nonmalignant conditions are described.
Development of a Particle Sizing Algorithm for Sub-10µm Particles Using Shadowgraphy

We developed a Small Particle Sizing Algorithm (SPSA) that utilizes Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction profiles to determine sizes of small spherical particles from 1 to 10 μm in diameter. The SPSA uses standard shadowgraphy techniques to generate an image of the diffraction profile from which two characteristic parameters are measured, image size and image slope. Over specified ranges, the combinations of these parameters are unique, enabling the simultaneous calculation of particle size and distance from the object plane of the CCD camera.© 2012 ASME
Computational simulation of transient blast loading on three-dimensional structures

Abstract A computing technique is described for the numerical solution of three-dimensional, time-dependent fluid dynamic problems with irregularly shaped and movable boundaries (or internal obstacles) confining the flow. This paper presents in detail the method used in treating the three-dimensional boundary conditions. The numerical solution technique for the full nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations has been presented elsewhere. The general method is illustrated here through comparison of computed surface pressure time histories with the corresponding experimental data for a plane-shock wave (5 psi overpressure) passing over a rectangular parallelepiped.
Desalination by an ion exchange-precipitation-complex process

Abstract This process seeks to overcome the disadvantages of desalination by ion exchange through the use of two further processes—precipitation and complex formation. Fresh water is produced from sea water by passing the brine through a cationic exchanger presaturated with silver ion. Chloride ion is removed as silver chloride is precipitated, while the ion exchange resin takes up the sodium. The precipitate is dissolved when ammonia is introduced, forming the diamminosilver complex, which is subsequently taken up by the resin. The effluent stream from this step of the process contains the waste brine. The resin is to be returned to the original silver form, and several alternatives for accomplishing this are discussed. Theoretical calculations and laboratory work have been carried out in support of this study.
Summary of ECE Presentations at EC-18

There were nine ECE and one EBE presentation at EC-18. Four of the presentations were on various aspects of ECE on ITER. The ITER ECE diagnostic has entered an important detailed preliminary design phase and faces several design challenges in the next 2-3 years. Most of the other ECE presentations at the workshop were focused on applications of ECE diagnostics to plasma measurements, rather than improvements in technology, although it was apparent that heterodyne receiver technology continues to improve. CECE, ECE imaging and EBE imaging are increasingly providing valuable insights into plasma behavior that is important to understand if future burning plasma devices, such as ITER, FNSF and DEMO, are to be successful.
Results of Cage Experiments with Sterile Male Releases and a Chemosterilant Technique for Control of Cabbage Looper Populations

Studies were conducted in 1962 and 1963 to determine the effects of tepa-sterilized male releases and a tepa self-sterilizing chemosterilant technique on reproduction of populations of cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), on cabbage plants in field cages. Increasing sterile male release ratios decreased the number of larval progeny. At the highest ratio of 20 sterile males to 1 untreated male and female each, larval populations were reduced 97% as compared with those in the check. The self-sterilizing technique consisted of a 15-watt blacklight enclosed in a chemosterilant-coated cellulose nitrate cylinder. These units installed in cages with 30 or 60 pairs of untreated moths reduced larval populations an average of 82%.
Feedback based adaptive compensation of control system sensor uncertainties

In this paper, the problem of adaptively compensating sensor uncertainties is addressed in a feedback based framework. In this study, sensor characteristics are modeled as parametrizable uncertain functions and a compensator is constructed to adaptively cancel the effects of sensor uncertainties, to generate an adaptive estimate of the plant output. Such an estimated output is used for the feedback control law. Adaptive control schemes using a model reference approach with sensor uncertainty compensation are developed for LTI plants with either known or unknown plant dynamics. A new feedback controller structure is developed for the case when the plant dynamics is unknown, to handle the plant and sensor uncertainties. Simulation results are presented to show that the proposed adaptive sensor uncertainty compensation designs significantly improve system tracking performance.
PEDINOMONAS NOCTILUCAE (PRASINOPHYCEAE), THE FLAGELLATE SYMBIOTIC IN NOCTILUCA (DINOPHYCEAE) IN SOUTHEAST ASIA1

SUMMARY The small green flagellate symbiotic in the Noctiluca miliaris Suriray from Southeast Asia has been examined by light and electron microscopy. The flagellate is very similar to Pedinomonas minor Korschikoff. The deeper flagellar depression and the habitat distinguish this species of Pedinomonas from P. minor. It is not a euglenoid as originally proposed, since it contains starch. Characters distinguishing it from Micromonas are described. The new combination Pedinomonas noctilucae (Subrahmanyan) comb, nov. is proposed for this flagellate.
THE END OF AMERICA: THE BEGINNING OF CANADA ‐ A RESPONSE

In his recent article entitled ‘The end of America: The beginning of Canada,’ Patrick McCreevy (1988) asserts that the Falls at Niagara act as a visible border or ‘wall,’ which separates two vastly different places. Since the American Revolution, however, Canadians and Americans residing along the Niagara frontier have made every effort to reach across the river which separates them. By means of either improved transportation and communication facilities, by marriage, or the free trade agreements of 1854 and 1989, local Niagarans have overcome the physical barrier of the river. In fact, in the summer of 1989, Canadians and Americans paid tribute to two centuries of ‘openness' and peace along the Niagara Frontier with a four-day ‘friendship festival' held in July.
Addressing the Social Determinants of Health of Children and Youth A Role for SOPHE Members

The determinants of youth health disparities include poverty, unequal access to health care, poor environmental conditions, and educational inequities. Poor and minority children have more health problems and less access to health care than their higher socioeconomic status cohorts. Having more health problems leads to more absenteeism in school, which, in turn, can affect achievement. The educational level that one attains is a significant determinant of one's earning potential and health. Those who learn more earn more money and have a better health status. Those who do not attain a high school diploma on average live 6 to 9 years less than those who do graduate from high school. Furthermore, their children also experience poorer health and the cycle is repeated. Achieving a high school diploma and a college degree is an acknowledged route out of poverty. However, that route is blocked for many poor and minority students. SOPHE is in a prime position to be the organization linking the health care, public health and education sectors in addressing the reduction of both health disparities and educational inequities. This article describes what SOPHE members can do both individually and collectively to reduce the health and educational inequities facing our most vulnerable children.
Comparison of estimates of the predatory impact of ctenophores by two independent techniques

The common methods for estimating food consumption in the environment involve either (1) performing experiments in the laboratory and relating food concentrations used to those in the environment, or (2) analyzing gut contents of animals directly from the environment and estimating food consumption by some knowledge of gut residence time. Both techniques involved compromises and assumptions. The greater precision and speed of the laboratory approach is counterbalanced by the impossibility of duplicating the natural feeding milieu. We compared predation rates of the ctenophores from gut content analysis of ctenophores in 1 300 m3 enclosures, with the estimates of expected predatory effects based on controlled laboratory experiments, over a wide range of ctenophore size and food concentration. Despite some larger discrepancies, the two methods often yielded results within a factor of two of each other.
Reliability formulas for independent decision data when reliability data are matched

A distinction is made between reliability data and decision data. Each of these sets of data may be matched or independent, depending on whether the same instruments (tests, judges, etc.) are applied to every individual in the group or the instruments to be applied to each individual are selected independently for him. Reliability formulas are developed (for both single observations and for composites ofk observations) for the case where reliability data are matched but decision data are independent. Formulas previously reported in the literature are inappropriate for this case.
Instructional set and the structure of responses to rating scales

Abstract The extent to which psychosocial phenomena are categorical or dimensional has been a topic of interest in recent years, in part spurred by the development of taxometric analysis as a statistical procedure for evaluating underlying structure (Meehl & Yonce, 1994, 1996; Waller & Meehl, 1998). Beauchaine & Waters (2003) suggested that the structure of scores on rating scales may be susceptible to instructional manipulation. However, they only investigated circumstances in which the ratings targets were unknown to the raters. The current study examined ratings of a small set of familiar targets. A sample of 608 undergraduate students completed five rating scales describing themselves and a significant other. Students were randomly assigned to instructional sets encouraging either dimensional or categorical ratings. Results consistently indicated a dimensional structure across both instructional sets and targets. The findings suggest that under normal conditions for the use of rating scales, instructional set does not affect the data structure.
The essential role of the mitochondria and reactive oxygen species in Cisplatin-mediated enhancement of fas ligand-induced apoptosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin (CDDP) synergistically interact with soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) to mediate profound induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, particularly those refractory to this death-inducing ligand. The goal of this study was to evaluate the roles of the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cascade and the CDDP-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mediating the supra-additive enhancement of cytotoxicity and apoptosis in combination-treated malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells. MPM cells were treated with sequential CDDP/sFasL in vitro . Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assays. Stable transfectants expressing high levels of Bcl2 were created by retroviral gene transfer. Specific proteolytic activity of caspases 3, 8, and 9 were measured using fluorescent substrates. Pretreating MPM cells with CDDP increased their susceptibility to sFasL by 2- to more than 20-fold. Overexpression of either Bcl-2, the selective caspase 9 inhibitor z-LEHD-fmk, or the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine significantly abrogated combination-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Moreover, the robust activation of caspase 8 in combination-treated cells was completely suppressed by Bcl-2 overexpression, thus implicating a mitochondria-mediated amplification feedback loop. As an in vivo correlate, sequential intraperitoneal administration of CDDP and sFasL significantly inhibited the growth of intraperitoneal MPM human xenografts in nude mice. Our data indicate that the mitochondria-dependent feedback loop of the caspase activation cascade and the generation of ROS are both essential in mediating profound cytotoxicity and apoptosis of MPM cells treated with CDDP and sFasL. This mechanistic study establishes a the translational framework for the clinical application of sequential CDDP/sFasL in the treatment of MPM.
The suppressive effect of piroxicam on autochthonous intestinal tumors in the rat.

Abstract Male Lobund strain Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats respond to single doses of methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) with high incidence of intestinal tumors within 5 months. Some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can block the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and also interfere with tumor growth. A new class of NSAID, piroxicam, was added to the feed of MAM-treated rats. When examined 150 days later, there was a significant reduction of tumor-bearing rats and of tumors/rat compared to controls on drug-free feed; and there was no evidence of toxicity.
Including Limitations in News Coverage of Cancer Research: Effects of News Hedging on Fatalism, Medical Skepticism, Patient Trust, and Backlash

Past research has demonstrated that news coverage of cancer research, and scientific research generally, rarely contains discourse-based hedging, including caveats, limitations, and uncertainties. In a multiple message experiment (k = 4 news stories, N = 1082), the authors examined whether hedging shaped the perceptions of news consumers. The results revealed that participants were significantly less fatalistic about cancer (p = .039) and marginally less prone to nutritional backlash (p = .056) after exposure to hedged articles. Participants exposed to articles mentioning a second researcher (unaffiliated with the present study) exhibited greater trust in medical professions (p = .001). The findings provide additional support for the inclusion of discourse-based hedging in cancer news coverage and suggest that news consumers will use scientific uncertainty in illness representations.
The Absorption of Energetic Electrons by Argon Gas

Abstract The processes by which energetic electrons lose energy in a weakly ionized gas of argon are analysed and calculations are carried out taking into account the discrete nature of the excitation processes. The excitation, ionization and heating efficiences are computed for energies up to 200 eV absorbed in a gas with fractional ionizations varying up to 10 −2 .
Model-based crosstalk compensation for simultaneous 99mTc/123I dual-isotope brain SPECT imaging.

In this work, we developed a model-based method to estimate and compensate for the crosstalk contamination in simultaneous I 123 and Tc 99 m dual isotopebrain single photo emission computed tomography imaging. The model-based crosstalk compensation (MBCC) includes detailed modeling of photon interactions inside both the object and the detector system. In the method, scatter in the object is modeled using the effective source scatter estimation technique, including contributions from all the photon emissions. The effects of the collimator-detector response, including the penetration and scatter components due to high-energy I 123 photons, are modeled using pre-calculated tables of Monte Carlo simulated point-source response functions obtained from sources in air at various distances from the face of the collimator. The model-based crosstalk estimation method was combined with iterative reconstruction based compensation to reduce contamination due to crosstalk. The MBCC method was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulated and physical phantom experimentally acquired simultaneous dual-isotope data. Results showed that, for both experimental and simulation studies, the model-based method provided crosstalk estimates that were in good agreement with the true crosstalk. Compensation using MBCC improved image contrast and removed the artifacts for both Monte Carlo simulated and experimentally acquired data. The results were in good agreement with images acquired without any crosstalk contamination.
ADDITION OF DARWIN'S THIRD DIMENSION TO PHYLETIC TREES

Abstract A three-dimensional (3D) approach for visualizing the phyletic relationship of living animals is proposed and developed as an alternative to current two-dimensional (2D) evolutionary trees. The 3D tree enhances visualization and qualitative analysis since it simultaneously provides topological (tree-structure) and spatial information (based upon genetically measured distances). However, the meaning of the third dimension, particularly its relationship to temporal processes, and further quantitative analyses emerge as open questions. Our method consists of two phases. First, a 3D representation of the genetic relationships of a related group of extant animals is produced using an optimization algorithm developed here. Second, linear connections are added to suggest a visual representation of the differing evolutionary trajectories of the organisms involved on the basis of a 2D tree algorithm. The method is applied to a set of distantly related Caenophidian snakes, and the resulting relationships are analysed. The discussions here are meant to stimulate the generation of 3D trees in the goal of complementing standard 2D views and perhaps ultimately, improving our classification of evolutionary relationships.
Stimulation of cholesteryl ester synthesis in human monocyte-derived macrophages by low-density lipoproteins from type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients: the influence of non-enzymatic glycosylation of low-density lipoproteins

Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study we aimed to demonstrate whether there is an abnormal interaction between low-density lipoproteins from diabetic patients and human macrophages. We measured cholesteryl ester synthesis and cholesteryl ester accumulation in human monocytederived macrophages (obtained from non-diabetic donors) incubated with low density lipoproteins from Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients in good or fair glycaemic control. Low density lipoproteins from the diabetic patients stimulated more cholesteryl ester synthesis than low density lipoproteins from non-diabetic control subjects (7.19±1.19 vs 6.11±0.94 nmol/mg cell protein/20 h, mean±SEM, p<0.05). The stimulation of cholesteryl ester synthesis by low density lipoproteins isolated from diabetic patients was paralleled by a significant increase in intracellular cholesteryl ester accumulation (p<0.02). There were no significant differences in the lipid composition of low density lipoproteins between the diabetic and control groups. Non-enzymatic glycosylation of low density lipoproteins was higher in the diabetic group (p<0.01) and correlated significantly with cholesteryl ester synthesis (r=0.58). Similarly, low-density lipoproteins obtained from non-diabetic subjects and glycosylated in vitro stimulated more cholesteryl ester synthesis in macrophages than control low density lipoproteins. The increase in cholesteryl ester synthesis and accumulation by cells exposed to low density lipoproteins from diabetic patients seems to be mediated by an increased uptake of these lipoproteins by macrophages. This study suggests that glycosylation of low density lipoproteins to the extent occurring in diabetes may alter their interaction with human monocyte-derived macrophages and may lead to increased intracellular cholesteryl ester accumulation. The results suggest a possible mechanism by which hyperglycaemia may contribute to the acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetes.
Underage drinking: a developmental framework

A developmental framework for understanding and addressing the problem of underage alcohol consumption is presented. The first section presents the rationale for a developmental approach, including striking age-related data on patterns of onset, prevalence, and course of alcohol use and disorders in young people. The second section examines the fundamental meaning of a developmental approach to conceptualizing underage drinking. The third section delineates contemporary principles of developmental psychopathology as a guide to future research and intervention efforts. Strategic, sensitive, and effective efforts to address the problem of underage drinking will require a developmentally informed approach to research, prevention, and treatment.
Tsunami mortality in Aceh Province, Indonesia

OBJECTIVE: Nine tsunami-affected districts in Aceh, Indonesia, were surveyed between February and August 2005 to characterize tsunami mortality. METHODS: The surveys employed a two-stage cluster methodology with probability proportional to size sampling, and encompassed 1653 tsunami-displaced households with a pre-tsunami population of 10 063 individuals. FINDINGS: Of the original pre-tsunami population, a total of 1642 people, or 17%, were reported as dead or missing in the tsunami. Crude mortality rates in the four survey areas ranged from a high of 23.6% in Aceh Jaya district on the west coast to 5.3% on the east coast. Age-specific mortality rates followed a similar pattern across the four survey areas, with the highest mortality concentrating in the youngest children (aged 0-9 years) and oldest adults (70+). The risk of mortality was significantly greater among females than males; this difference was most pronounced among individuals between ages 10 and 69 years, and diminished among younger and older age groups. CONCLUSION: Mortality risk in the 2004 Asian tsunami varied by geographic location, age and sex. The districts of Aceh Jaya, Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar experienced the greatest mortality. Risk of death was highest among females, and among the oldest and youngest population subgroups. While the full human impact of the Asian tsunami in Aceh Province, in terms of lives lost or damaged, may never be fully measured, the resulting female deficit will likely be the tsunami’s most deeply felt and prolonged impact.
Effects of Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, and Haloperidol on Hostility Among Patients With Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the specific antiaggressive effects of clozapine with those of olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol. METHODS: A total of 157 inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and a history of suboptimal treatment response were randomly assigned to receive clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or haloperidol in a double-blind 14-week trial. The trial was divided into two periods: eight weeks during which the dosage was escalated and then fixed, and six weeks during which variable dosages were used. The hostility item of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was the principal outcome measure. Covariates included the items that reflect positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions, suspiciousness or feelings of persecution, grandiosity, unusual thought content, conceptual disorganization, and hallucinations) and the sedation item of the Nurses Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE). RESULTS: Patients differed in their treatment response as measu...
Impacts of application lookahead on distributed network emulation

Large-scale and high-fidelity testbeds play critical roles in analyzing large-scale networks such as data centers, cellular networks, and smart grid control networks. Our prior work combines parallel simulation and virtual-time-integrated emulation, such that it offers both functional and temporal fidelity to the critical software execution in large scale network settings. To achieve better scalability, we have developed a distributed emulation system. However, as the number of computing servers grows, so does too the synchronization overhead. Application lookahead, the ability to predict future behaviors of software, may help reducing overhead for performance gain. In this paper, we study the impacts of application lookahead on our distributed emulation testbed. We find that application lookahead can greatly reduce synchronization overhead and improve speed by up to 3 times in our system, but incorrect lookahead may affect application fidelity to different degrees, depending on application sensitivity to timing.
Political deliberation and the challenge of bounded rationality

Many proponents of deliberative democracy expect reasonable citizens to engage in rational argumentation. However, this expectation runs up against findings by behavioral economists and social psychologists revealing the extent to which normal cognitive functions are influenced by bounded rationality. Individuals regularly utilize an array of biases in the process of making decisions, which inhibits our argumentative capacities by adversely affecting our ability and willingness to be self-critical and to give due consideration to others’ interests. Although these biases cannot be overcome, I draw on scientifically corroborated insights offered by Adam Smith to show that they can be kept in check if certain affective and cognitive capacities are cultivated. Smith provides a compelling account of how to foster sympathetic, impartial, and projective role-taking in the process of interacting with others, which can greatly enhance our capacity and willingness to critically assess our own interests and fairly c...
Don't Move Until You See It: Searching for Intellectual Maturity

Searching for Bobby Fischer is an exemplary film for showcasing multiple kinds of learning, ways of knowing, and levels of excellence. Key players in the film engage in lively interplay among analytical, practical, and creative streams of intelligence. Using examples and analogies from the film, the author distinguishes between the relatively focused prowess of intellectual mastery, and the more inclusive, enriched perspective of intellectual maturity. Together these align to support the film's keynote advice, “Don't move until you see it.” By discussing this advice in relation to various professional experiences and observations, the author argues for the importance of intellectual maturity as a vital component of professional development. To help clarify the argument, he includes metaphorical support from the art of warfare. The resultant message signifies the importance of both intellectual mastery and maturity, but suggests that intellectual maturity is frequently marginalized or excluded.
Association of diet and other factors with adenomatous polyps of the large bowel: a prospective autopsy study.

The risk of developing adenomatous polyps of the large bowel was studied in 163 Hawaii Japanese autopsy subjects. They constitute a subset of8006 men originally examined from 1965 to 1968 and of those who died from 1969 to 1984. Adenomas were found in 79 autopsied subjects but not in the remaining 84 subjects. The study looked at a number of dietary, physical, laboratory, and social variables in relation to the risk ofadenomatous polyps. No significant differences were observed between subjects with and without adenomas in intake of dietary fat, proteins, or carbohydrates and in body mass index, level of physical activity, serum cholesterol, or cigarette smoking history. The only significant association was the increase in the mean number of polyps (1.04, 0.87, 1.61, and 2.34) with increasing levels of alcohol intake but the trend was not monotonic. The accrual of more subjects into the study is needed to investigate this association more thoroughly. Am J C/in Nuir l988;47:3l2-7.
Rheology and structure of precipitated silica and poly(dimethyl siloxane) system

The reinforcing capability of precipitated silica in poly(dimethyl siloxane: PDMS) was characterized by means of bound rubber formation, solvent swelling, yield stress, rheological and dynamic properties. Volume concentration of precipitated silica in PDMS was varied from 0 to 0.16. The homogeneity of the compounds after mixing was confirmed by studying a uniformity of dispersion of silica particles in PDMS via SEM morphology of vulcanizates. Bound rubber measurements of the compounds and solvent swelling studies of vulcanizates showed that the precipitated silica exhibited much stronger interaction with PDMS than that of typical carbon black with rubbers but less than that of fumed silica with PDMS. At high volume concentrations of silica (0.128 and 0.160), a yield behavior was evident from the storage modulus measurements. The network formation due to an interaction between the precipitated silica and PDMS was visualized via dynamic property measurements.
The isolation and characterization of asters from artificially activated sea urchin eggs

Abstract 1. 1. Asters produced in artificially activated eggs can be isolated by the same methods which have been used to isolate the mitotic apparatus from spermfertilized eggs. The methods described were the alcohol-digitonin and the sucrose-versene-dithiodiglycol methods. 2. 2. These isolated asters have similar solubility and stability properties as those of the mitotic apparatus. Isolated asters can be dissolved in Salyrgan (mersalyl acid) at pH 9, and in 0.53 M KC1 at pH ca 8. 3. 3. Ultracentrifuge analysis of SVD-isolated asters shows two peaks, with sedimentation velocities of 14 and 21. 4. 4. Electrophoresis of SVD-isolated asters shows two peaks; the major peak has a mobility of 1.04 × 10−4 cm2/volt sec, and the minor peak a mobility of 7.2 × 10−5 cm2/volt sec. 5. 5. Absorption spectra (UV) of solubilized SVD and digitonin-isolated asters show maxima at 260 mμ. 6. 6. ATPase analysis of dissolved asters gives an activity lower than that shown for the mitotic apparatus. 7. 7. Immunochemical identity has been found between isolated mitotic apparatus from sperm-fertilized eggs, and asters from artificially activated eggs.
Modulation of aldosterone synthase messenger ribonucleic acid levels by dietary sodium and potassium and by adrenocorticotropin.

Recent evidence suggests that an aldosterone synthase (AS) separate from the 11 beta-hydroxylase (11 beta-OHase) mediates the final step(s) in aldosterone synthesis in the rat. We have compared changes in AS and 11 beta-OHase mRNA levels with experimental maneuvers known to stimulate or suppress aldosterone secretion. In Exp 1, male rats were fed regular rat chow (group 1), a low sodium, high potassium diet (group 2), or a high sodium, low potassium diet (group 3). Northern analysis of adrenal capsular (zona glomerulosa) and decapsulated adrenal core (fasciculata-reticularis) tissues was performed with specific oligonucleotide probes for AS and 11 beta-OHase mRNAs, normalized with a cDNA probe for 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). There was a marked increase in capsular AS mRNA in group 2 rats compared to levels in group 1 (P < 0.0001) and group 3 (P < 0.0001) rats. Capsular As mRNA decreased (P < 0.05) in group 3 compared to that in group 1 rats. Adrenal core AS mRNA levels were quite low with all three diets. I...
Perception-driven navigation: Active visual SLAM for robotic area coverage

This paper reports on an integrated navigation algorithm for the visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) robotic area coverage problem. In the robotic area coverage problem, the goal is to explore and map a given target area in a reasonable amount of time. This goal necessitates the use of minimally redundant overlap trajectories for coverage efficiency; however, visual SLAM's navigation estimate will inevitably drift over time in the absence of loop-closures. Therefore, efficient area coverage and good SLAM navigation performance represent competing objectives. To solve this decision-making problem, we introduce perception-driven navigation (PDN), an integrated navigation algorithm that automatically balances between exploration and revisitation using a reward framework. This framework accounts for vehicle localization uncertainty, area coverage performance, and the identification of good candidate regions in the environment for loop-closure. Results are shown for a hybrid simulation using synthetic and real imagery from an autonomous underwater ship hull inspection application.
Many is more, but not too many: dimensions of cooperation of agents with and without predictive capabilities

This paper examines the tradeoffs between agents that can predict (and, therefore, take into account) other agent's actions and agents that act on their own without taking other agents' actions into account. A simple prediction mechanism allows agents to make reasonably accurate guesses about other agents' future actions, thereby making better decisions about their own actions. Our experimental findings from a multiagent object collection task suggest that not only do predictive agents perform better than non-predictive agents, but there are circumstances in which simple reactive prediction mechanisms perform as well as complex deliberative prediction mechanisms.
Hysteresis Analysis and Feedback Stabilization of Snap-through Buckling

We study a preloaded two-bar linkage that exhibits hysteresis due to the presence of multiple attracting equilibria. The dynamics at the unstable equilibrium, through which a snap-through buckle occurs, are not linearizable due to a singularity that is solution-dependent. We stabilize the unstable equilibrium using two distinct nonlinear controllers. The feedback linearization controller requires knowledge of the linkage parameters, whereas the potential shaping PD-type controller requires only an upper bound on the stiffness.
Amino-acid metabolism and isosmotic intracellular regulation in isolated surviving nerve axons of Callinectes sapidus

The 14CO2 production from various labelled amino acids as well as oxygen consumption and the CO2 production have been studied on isolated surviving axons of Callinectes sapidus when submitted to an osmotic stress. Our results indicate that a mechanism of control of the amino-acid catabolism is implicated in the regulation of the amino-acid level which takes place during the isosmotic intracellular regulation process.
Intestinal blood flow.

Received August 27, 1979. Accepted November 20, 1979. Address requests for reprints to: Dr. D. Neil Granger, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688. Dr. Richardson’s present address is Department of Physiology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital Medical College, Charterhouse Square, London EClM SBQ, England. The work performed in this laboratory is sponsored by NHLBI X%~O and 223%. The authors are indebted to Carolyn Brewer and Gaynell Barnes for their excellent clerical assistance.
Internal Hydrocephalus and Associated Periventricular Encephalitis in Young Dogs

Six dogs that had a sudden onset and rapid progression of neurological signs with enlargement of the cranial vault at 6-8 weeks old were believed to have congenital hydrocephalus. There were severe inflammatory and necrotizing lesions in periventricular sites in the brain. A bacterial infection may have been the cause of this process. Recent studies on hydrocephalus in animals, including the dog, have changed the old and rather simplified concepts on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and contributed greatly to the understanding of the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus (24, 391. Spon- taneously occurring cases of hydrocephalus, however, remain a clinical and patho- logical challenge. It has been stated that hydrocephalus is the most common congenital malforma- tion of the canine nervous system (23). There is a higher incidence in miniature breeds and brachycephalic types (7, 271. This condition is usually detected soon after birth (lo) and is often associated with malformation of the mesencephalic aqueduct (6, 331. There are few pathological studies on spontaneously acquired hydrocephalus in the dog. One study (7) describes hydrocephalus ex vucuo resulting from senile atrophy of the brain, and others examined five hydrocephalic brains but found histological lesions in only one (34, 35). Our report of clinical and histologic studies on a group of young dogs indicates that these dogs had a type of acquired internal hydrocephalus of probable infec- tious cause not previously reported.
Seismic reflections from depths of less than two meters

Three distinct seismic reflections were obtained from within the upper 2.1 m of flood-plain alluvium in the Ar- kansas River valley near Great Bend, Kansas. Reflections were observed at depths of 0.63, 1.46, and 2.10 m and confirmed by finite-difference wave-equation modeling. The wavefield was densely sampled by placing geophones at 5-cm intervals, and near-source nonelastic deformation was minimized by us- ing a very small seismic impulse source. For the reflections to be visible within this shallow range, low seismic P-wave ve- locities (<300 m/s) and high dominant-frequency content of the data (-450 Hz) were essential. The practical implementa- tion of high-resolution seismic imaging at these depths has the potential to complement ground-penetrating radar (GPR), chiefly in areas where materials exhibiting high electrical con- ductivity, such as clays, prevent the effective use of GPR. Potential applications of these results exist in hydrogeology and environmental, Quaternary, and neotectonic geology.
Fine grained event processing on HPCs with the ATLAS Yoda system

High performance computing facilities present unique challenges and opportunities for HEP event processing. The massive scale of many HPC systems means that fractionally small utilization can yield large returns in processing throughput. Parallel applications which can dynamically and efficiently fill any scheduling opportunities the resource presents benefit both the facility (maximal utilization) and the (compute-limited) science. The ATLAS Yoda system provides this capability to HEP-like event processing applications by implementing event-level processing in an MPI-based master-client model that integrates seamlessly with the more broadly scoped ATLAS Event Service. Fine grained, event level work assignments are intelligently dispatched to parallel workers to sustain full utilization on all cores, with outputs streamed off to destination object stores in near real time with similarly fine granularity, such that processing can proceed until termination with full utilization. The system offers the efficiency and scheduling flexibility of preemption without requiring the application actually support or employ check-pointing. We will present the new Yoda system, its motivations, architecture, implementation, and applications in ATLAS data processing at several US HPC centers.
Is Freedom of Expression a Universal Right

In this piece I shall argue that although there is a core of shared understanding of what a right of freedom of expression must entail, I am doubtful that there is a nonconventional principle of freedom of expression that can justify that core or extensions beyond it. From my perspective, freedom of expression, if it is to be a right, must be justified instrumentally and elaborated by establishing conventions to demarcate its scope, conventions which will be most tenable if culturally and historically relative.
Boundary violation ethics: some conceptual clarifications

The practices of both forensic psychiatry and clinical psychiatry appear to require and to use, in boundary-violation discourse, a special way of referring to the heightened attention to the ethics of interpersonal exchange. But this discourse and the judgments it expresses are each in need of closer scrutiny. A variety of factors make the determination of certain actions to be boundary violations unclear, including the range of alleged boundary-violating behavior, ambiguities in the fundamental metaphor of boundaries violated or transgressed, and confusion about the explanatory status of the value judgments boundary-violation language is used to express. In addition, disputes and disagreements regarding boundary-violation judgments require analysis--an analysis undertaken in this article through appeal to theories of professional role morality. Noted also is the significance of gender in boundary-violation ethics.
CHARLES I, CLEMENT COKE, AND SEDITION*

Clement Coke was a minor figure of the early Stuart period, especially in comparison to his brilliant and prominent father, Sir Edward Coke. People seem to have taken note of ‘Fighting Clem’ only when he engaged in a duel or punched another member of parliament. In the parliament of 1626, however, he briefly gained notoriety when he faced an unusually formidable adversary, Charles I, who accused him of making a seditious speech. A close analysis of this episode reveals much about the broad concept of sedition and the unstable atmosphere in the House of Commons. Coke's case also had repercussions later in this parliament and perhaps even in the next parliament where his father championed the Petition of Right. Yet the most interesting aspect of Coke's case is what it reveals about the mindset of the king. In contrast to the stereotypical view of Charles as prickly and paranoid, he appears here to have been both perceptive and prescient. Thus, this article, like work by the late Mark Kishlansky, concludes that we should take Charles I's view of the political landscape more seriously.
Incoming Editor-in-Chief Note

I am honored to be the new editor-in-chief of ASCE’s Journal of Management in Engineering (JME). I would like to thank the search committee for entrusting me with this opportunity. A special thanks goes to the outgoing editor-in-chief, Professor Makarand Hastak at Purdue University, who has demonstrated great leadership for the last seven years to achieve significant milestones for JME. I have been a faculty member at George Washington University School of Business in Washington, DC, since 1999. I joined the JME editorial board in 2008 upon invitation from Professor Irtishad Ahmad at Florida International University, who was the editor-in-chief at the time. During the last couple of years, I have served as an associate editor for JME. In addition to JME, I serve as a specialty editor for the case studies section of ASCE’s Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. I also serve on the editorial boards of IEEE’s Transactions on Engineering Management and International Journal of Project Management, the leading journals in engineering management and project management. Therefore, I am very familiar with the recent research trends in our field. JME has its competitive advantages as one of the few management in engineering journals that are recognized by the community of scholars. It receives a respectable impact factor from the Thomson Reuters journal-citation reports, is listed as a wellregarded journal in the United Kingdom’s Association of Business Schools (ABS) academic journal guide for business and management academics, and was ranked an A* journal by the Australian Research Council’s Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA), just to name a few. I believe that there is room for improvement to raise the visibility and reputation of JME by attracting new readers and contributors who conduct management in engineering research that incorporates economics, technology, innovation, decision sciences, psychology, social and behavioral sciences, leadership, organizational theory, etc., into civil engineering, construction, infrastructure, and the built environment. I am committed to bringing JME to the next level, as the management in engineering field is maturing into an interdisciplinary, vibrant, and dynamic discipline. Exposing JME to various disciplines will bring new insight and great appreciation to the growing field, and I would like to be a facilitator to introduce the latest trends, challenges, and opportunities. My ultimate goal is to see JME become a preferred journal by researchers and practitioners to acquire and disseminate essential ideas, theories, knowledge, and practices in management in engineering. I will work closely with associate editors, editorial board members, and the ASCE journal publications staff to make this possible. Most importantly, I will seek your continued interest, support, and commitment. I look forward to working with all of you to receive high-quality papers as an author and constructive feedback as a reviewer. If you have any suggestions or comments regarding JME, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you very much.
Honey Bees: Response to Galactose and Lactose Incorporated into Sucrose Syrup

The addition of 10% lactose or galactose to 50% (wt/wt) sucrose solution reduced the amount of solution hoarded by Apis mellifera L. held in cages with comb pieces. Thus, bees are able to detect lactose and galactose. Lactose and galactose were toxic in a hoarding test. Oxytetracycline and sulfathiazole had no effect on the toxicity of lactose.
Does Job Satisfaction Lead to Consideration and Personal Sensitivity

The article discusses research pertaining to the relationships between job satisfaction and other behavioral patterns related to altruism and consideration at the workplace. Job satisfaction was me...
Trends in fingerprint analysis

Abstract Latent fingerprints are the unique impressions of various loops, whorls, and arches left behind when a finger comes in contact with a surface. As a result, fingerprints can be used as a means of identification. This discipline of identifying individuals by fingerprint analysis has been in use for over 110 years and has seen little improvement. SWGFAST states that only one of the following conclusions can be drawn based on a fingerprint comparison: identification, exclusion, or inconclusive. Fingerprint samples also have unique chemical contents that can be used to extract valuable information about the person or persons of interest. Various methods of detection are currently being researched in order to extract information from the chemical content of latent prints. These methods include, but are not limited to, spectrometry, spectroscopy, and bio-assays/biosensors. This review will address the recent developments in techniques for fingerprint analysis based on chemical content.
Character Development Through Youth Sport: High School Coaches’ Perspectives about a Character-based Education Program

This study examined high school sports coaches’ perspectives about a character-based coach education workshop designed to promote positive coaching practices and transform the culture of youth sports. Fifteen coaches ( M age = 42.07, SD = 14.62, 73.3% male) provided feedback about Positive Coaching Alliance’s (PCA) “Double-Goal Coach” training program and what aspects of the workshop they applied to their coaching practices. Results indicated that coaches believed that participation in PCA workshops contributed to the value coaches attributed to individuals, to coach-oriented character development, and to positive relationships within youth sports. The coaches also suggested changes in future PCA workshops. These findings provide preliminary evidence that coaches’ incorporate skills acquired through participation in character-based coach education programs. We discuss implications for coaches and athletes, and for policies aimed at enhancing positive youth attributes developed through sport.