cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Trait emotional intelligence: The impact of core-self evaluations and social desirability

Abstract Past criticisms of trait emotional intelligence (EI) have questioned its divergent and incremental validity related to the Big-5 dimensions of personality. This study introduces social desirability and core-self evaluations as an even greater hurdle for trait EI. In a field study of 180 employees, these two variables predict 62% of the variance in trait EI (compared to 29% from the Big-5). With the Big-5 dimensions of personality and IQ controlled, trait EI predicts coping, stress, and life satisfaction. When core-self evaluations and social desirability are added as additional control variables, the incremental validity coefficients between trait EI and the three criteria are largely reduced. However, trait EI significantly predicts incremental variance in coping, stress, and life satisfaction even after controlling for the Big-5, IQ, core-self evaluations, and social desirability.
Blinking and the Release Reflexes: Are They Clinically Useful?

Objective: To review the clinical utility of blinking and the release reflexes, palmomental, glabellar, grasp, and snout, as an important part of the bedside neurological examination. Design: Articles published from 1966 to 1993 that addressed blinking or the release reflexes were identified by searching the MEDLINE database. Thirty-seven references provided clinically useful and applicable information. Results: There is controversy regarding the optimal method of clinical elicitation of these reflexes. The release reflexes are frequently seen as an incidental abnormality in the elderly. A positive grasp reflex, especially if asymmetrical, is sensitive but not specific for abnormal brain function. Lack of habituation is more important than the mere presence or absence of a reflex. The brainstem circuits involved in the regulation of blinking and the release reflexes are discussed, as are their abnormalities in a variety of clinical settings. Conclusion: Blinking and the release reflexes have clinical utility in the diagnosis and bedside clinical assessment of diseases as diverse as frontal lobe lesions, hydrocephalus, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, falls in the elderly, ageing, HIV-encephalopathy, schizophrenia, tumors in the region of the sylvian aqueduct and recovery from head trauma.
EXTRACTABLE ORGANICS AND NONVOLATILE HYDROCARBONS IN NEW YORK HARBOR WATERS

ABSTRACT In conjunction with the Marine Ecosystem Analysis program in the New York Bight, selected stations in New York Harbor were sampled during November 1974, and March and June 1975, for carbon tetrachloride-extractable organics and nonvolatile hydrocarbons. The extractable organics ranged from 64 to 840 µg/l with a mean value for the Harbor of 158 μg/l. The standard deviation, 2?, of the test method, based on duplicate samples, was 26 μg/l. The nonvolatile hydrocarbons ranged from 14 to 270 μg/l with a mean of 39 μg/l. The standard deviation, 2?, was 5 μg/l. The highest concentration of organics and hydrocarbons was found in Newtown Creek; the lowest at the entrance to Ambrose Channel. The average concentrations are about a factor of ten above those reported for the open ocean. The concentrations obtained on the three sampling dates did not differ widely. To help establish distribution patterns, ammonia, salinity, turbidity, and other measurements were made. In Arthur Kill, ammonia was constant at 50...
Epitaxial growth of tin oxide on Pt(111): Structure and properties of wetting layers and SnO 2 crystallites

Tin-oxide films were grown on Pt(111) substrates by oxidation of Sn/Pt surface alloys using ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}$ exposures or by deposition of Sn in an ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}$ ambient gas. Structural aspects of monolayer tin-oxide films were reported previously [Phys. Rev. B 64, 245402/1 (2001)]. At elevated substrate temperatures, growth of tin-oxide multilayers proceeds in a Stranski-Krastanov mode, i.e., the Pt substrate is covered with a monolayer thick tin-oxide wetting-layer before Sn-oxide crystallites form. The crystallites were tens to hundreds of nanometers in lateral size and were identified by scanning tunneling microscopy to be rutile ${\mathrm{SnO}}_{2}.$ These had a height of a few monolayers exposing the (011) crystal plane parallel to the Pt substrate. The low misfit of this crystal face with respect to the Pt(111) lattice apparently stabilizes this plane which is otherwise relatively energetically unfavorable. These studies demonstrate the importance of metal substrates in imposing structure and crystallographic orientation on oxide films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of the tin-oxide films confirmed the existence of three Sn states that have been labeled previously as metallic, ``quasimetallic,'' and oxidic Sn. We conclude that the ``quasimetallic'' state results from oxidized Sn that is still alloyed within the Pt surface layer. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of the valance band and electron energy loss spectroscopy confirmed a ${\mathrm{SnO}}_{2}$ stoichiometry for multilayer tin-oxide films. High-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy was used to identify characteristic vibrational modes for the different monolayer films. The ${\mathrm{SnO}}_{2}$ crystallites, although only a few monolayers high and tens of nanometers in width, exhibit bulklike vibrational and electronic properties.
Gene hunting with forests for multigroup time course data

Abstract Gene hunting with forests is a new method for identifying differential gene expression profiles across experimental groups using time course data. Our approach utilizes a multi-dimensional filter that captures the functional nature of the data while adjusting for additional variables that may be part of the experimental design. The filter comprises one component measuring gene profile differences, and another component measuring estimation error. Interesting genes are those having substantial gene profile differences and low estimation error. We refer to this as our Gene Hunting Principle. We illustrate this methodology using a balanced design, involving the effects of muscle group-specific gene expressions on postnatal development. We also consider a more complex experimental design focusing on the effects of aging in the human kidney.
Location of the Ising spin-glass multicritical point on Nishimori's line.

We present arguments, based on local gauge invariance, that the multicritical point of Ising spin-glasses should be located on a particular line of the phase diagram known as Nishimori's line [tanh(βJ)=2p−1 for the ±J distribution]. One scaling axis is along the line, and the other is along the temperature direction. This scenario is generic for any random Ising model with a Nishimori line, in any number of dimensions, if the transitions are second order. The renormalization-group fixed point located inside Nishimori's manifold is expected to control multicriticality for a wider class of models.
Stable periodic solutions for two species, density dependent coevolution

This paper studies a four dimensional system of time-autonomous ordinary differential equations which models the interaction of two diploid, diallelic populations with overlapping generations. The variables are two population densities and an allele frequency in each of the populations. For single species models, the existence of periodic solutions requires that the genotype fitness functions be both frequency and density dependent. But, for two species exhibiting a predator-prey interaction, two examples are presented where there exists asymptotically stable cycles with fitness functions only density dependent. In the first example, the Hopf bifurcation theorem is used on a two parameter, polynomial vector field. The second example has a Michaelis-Menten or Holling term for the interaction between predator and prey; and, for this example, the existence and uniqueness of limit cycles for a wide range of parameter values has been established in the literature.
Correlation of Stress and Phase Evolution in Thin Ta Films On Si (100) During Thermal Testing

In this study the stress and morphology of Ta coatings sputtered on Si (100) substrates were monitored in situ and in real-time during thermal testing to allow interruptions at critical events in the coatings’ stress evolution. These observations were carried out using white beam Laue transmission diffraction topography/radiography and a high-temperature sample stage at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL). The structure of specimens from interrupted thermal tests was then analyzed using x-ray diffraction θ-2θ scans. The structure and phases present in the film at different stages of the thermal test were correlated with specific mechanical responses in the coating such as stress generation. This information was employed to elucidate the role of phase evolution in the respective stress responses of films deposited in high and low-pressure regimes.
Neurophysiological Intraoperative Monitoring

In November 1991, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association formally adopted the position that neurophysiological intraoperative monitoring (NIM) is within the scope of practice of audiology...
Bioactivities and secondary structures of constrained analogues of human parathyroid hormone: cyclic lactams of the receptor binding region.

In a search for analogues of human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) with improved activities and bioavailabilities, we have prepared the following three lactam analogues of hPTH-(1−31)-NH2 (1) or [Leu27]hPTH-(1−31)-NH2 (2): [Leu27]cyclo(Glu22−Lys26)-hPTH-(1−31)-NH2 (3), [Leu27]cyclo(Lys26−Asp30)-hPTH-(1−31)-NH2 (4), and cyclo(Lys27−Asp30)-hPTH-(1−31)-NH2 (5). Analogues 1, 2, and 5 had seven or eight residues of α-helix, as estimated from their circular dichroism (CD) spectra, in contrast to 12 residues in cyclic analogues 3 and 4. Thus, lactams 3 and 4 stabilized a helix previously shown to exist within residues 17−29. The adenylyl cyclase activity (EC50), measured in rat osteosarcoma 17/2 cells, of 5 (40.3 ± 2.3 nM) was half that of its linear form 1 (19.9 ± 3.9 nM). The linear Leu27 mutant 2 was twice as active (11.5 ± 5.2) as analogue 1, and lactam analogue 3 was 6-fold more active (3.3 ± 0.3 nM). Lactam analogue 4 had less activity (16.9 ± 3.3 nM) than 2, its linear form. Peptides hPTH-(1−30)-NH2 (6), [Leu...
Identification of the Contact Surface of a Streptococcal Protein G Domain Complexed with a Human Fc Fragment

The B1 domain of streptococcal protein G interacts with the C-terminal fragment of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin G (IgGFc). The binding site for the protein G domain on the antibody fragment is in close proximity or overlapping with that determined for staphylococcal protein A. The interaction of the B1 domain with IgGFc was investigated by 1H-15N correlation spectroscopy. The major interaction site on the B1 domain comprises parts of beta-strand 3 as well as the alpha-helix. Comparison with the crystal structure of the protein A/IgGFc complex suggests that the mode of interaction in the two complexes is analogous, despite the lack of sequence or structural similarity between two antibody binding proteins.
Hereditary Paraganglioma of the Nasopharynx

Head and neck paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from neural crest cells of parasympathetic ganglia or the widely dispersed neuroendocrine cells of the head and neck region. Paragangliomas of the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx are rare. The clinicopathologic features of this unique example of a hereditary, nasopharyngeal paraganglioma, and selective entities that are included in its differential diagnosis are presented.
Pet-facilitated psychotherapy: a theoretical explanation via attention shifts.

Pet animals are used as clinical adjuncts in pet-facilitated psychotherapy. It is proposed that the manner in which pets reduce emotional discomfort is theoretically explained through the competing-response theory of extinction via attention shifts. Using this model pets are seen as emotionally-laden distracting stimuli which allow for exposure to, instead of avoidance of, anxiety-generating stimuli. Therapist-directed alternative response patterns are then developed.
Nuclear male sterility induced by pollen-specific expression of a ribonuclease

The promoter of a rice pollen-specific gene, PS1, has been fused to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Barnase gene which encodes a secreted ribonuclease. The PS1-Barnase chimeric gene has been introduced into tobacco. These transgenic tobacco plants show normal vegetative and floral development, but they display a range of reproductive properties from slightly reduced in fertility to completely sterile. Barnase mRNAs are detectable in the pollen from transgenic plants which do not show an obvious fertility-related phenotype, and in a few plants which have a mildly reduced-fertile phenotype. However, transgenic plants with a severely reduced-fertile or sterile phenotype do not accumulate detectable amounts of Barnase mRNA in their pollen, and the quality of their RNA is poor, presumably because of extensive RNA degradation. Reciprocal crosses between these transgenic plants and wild-type controls showed that the reduced-fertile phenotype is associated only with the transgenic pollen. When used as the female parent, these PS1-Barnase transgenic plants are fully fertile. Anthers in the severely sterile transgenic plants develop normally, but the majority of their pollen grains have abnormal morphology and they fail to germinate. These results indicate that expression of a pollen-specific cytotoxic gene induces lethality in pollen and may lead to severely reduced male fertility.
The Tensile and Viscoelastic Properties of Aortic Valve Leaflets Treated with a Hyaluronidase Gradient

When diseased, aortic valves are typically replaced with bioprosthetic heart valves (BPHVs), either porcine valves or bovine pericardium that are fixed in glutaraldehyde. These replacements fail within 10–15 years due to calcification and fatigue, and their failure coincides with a loss of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). This study investigates this relationship between GAG concentration and the tensile and viscoelastic properties of aortic valve leaflets. Aortic valve leaflets were dissected from porcine hearts and digested in hyaluronidase in concentrations ranging from 0 to 5 U/mL for 0–24 h, yielding a spectrum of GAG concentrations that was measured using the uronic acid assay and confirmed by Alcian Blue staining. Digested leaflets with varying GAG concentrations were then tested in tension in the circumferential and radial directions with varying strain rate, as well as in stress relaxation. The GAG concentration of the leaflets was successfully reduced using hyaluronidase, although water content was not affected. Elastic modulus, the maximum stress, and hysteresis significantly increased with decreasing GAG concentration. Extensibility and the radius of transition curvature did not change with GAG concentration. The stress relaxation behavior and strain-rate independent nature of the leaflet did not change with GAG concentration. These results suggest that GAGs in the spongiosa lubricate tissue motion and reduce stresses experienced by the leaflet. This study forms the basis for predictive models of BPHV mechanics based on GAG concentration, and guides the rational design of future heart valve replacements.
Kinecting to Mathematics through Embodied Interactions

Developed by a team of university students, the KinectMath software program encourages junior high and high school students to master abstract algebraic functions through embodied interactions using popular game-playing technology. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/KVoRVIg7U40 is a video segment showing UW Bothell students working with a professor to develop a teaching tool for mathematics by using the Microsoft Kinect.
Curcumin eliminates oxidized LDL roles in activating hepatic stellate cells by suppressing gene expression of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often accompanied by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and associated with hypercholesterolemia, that is, increased levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL). Approximately one-third of NASH develops hepatic fibrosis. The role of hypercholesterolemia in T2DM and NASH-associated hepatic fibrogenesis remains obscure. We previously reported that the phytochemical curcumin inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the major effector cells during hepatic fibrogenesis, and protected the liver from fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The aims of this study are to evaluate the role of ox-LDL in activation of HSCs, to assess curcumin effects on eliminating the role of ox-LDL, and to further explore the underlying mechanisms. In this report, we observe that ox-LDL alters the expression of genes closely relevant to HSC activation, which is eliminated by curcumin. Curcumin suppresses gene expression of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), leading to the blockade of the transport of extracellular ox-LDL into cells. This suppressive effect of curcumin results from the interruption of Wnt signaling and the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). In conclusion, these results support our initial hypothesis and demonstrate that ox-LDL stimulates HSC activation, which is eliminated by curcumin by suppressing lox-1 expression by interrupting Wnt signaling and stimulating PPARγ activity. These results provide novel insights into the role of ox-LDL in T2DM and NASH-associated hepatic fibrogenesis and mechanisms by which curcumin suppresses ox-LDL-induced HSC activation, as well as the implication of curcumin in the treatment of T2DM and NASH-associated hepatic fibrosis.
Post-cesarean related infection and vaginal preparation with povidone–iodine revisited ☆

Abstract The objective of this study was to ascertain whether vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine before Cesarean delivery would reduce the incidence of post-Cesarean related infection. Participants were randomized to vaginal preparation with either povidone-iodine (n = 80) or saline (n = 80). Post-cesarean related infections included 1) endometritis, defined as fever of >100.4°F on two separate occasions, 6 hours apart, >24 hours postoperatively or >101°F at any time with abdominal/uterine tenderness or 2) cellulitis, defined as advancing erythema around the incision. We calculated overall rates of post-cesarean related infection, relative risk, and 95% confidence intervals for the effect of vaginal preparation. As designed and reported, the trial had at least an 85% power to detect a 30% or greater absolute difference in rates of overall infection (two tailed, α = 0.05). There was no significant difference among group demographics (maternal age, parity, anesthesia, labor before current cesarean delivery, number of vaginal examinations during labor, prophylactic antibiotic use, or gestational age at delivery). The post-cesarean endometritis rate was (9.4%). The post-cesarean cellulitis rate was (6.8%). Vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine before Cesarean delivery reduced the rate of post-cesarean endometritis (P
Communicating Art, Virtually! Psychological Effects of Technological Affordances in a Virtual Museum

Museums lean heavily on recent developments in communication technologies to create an authentic experience for online visitors of its galleries. This study examines whether three specific affordances of communication technology—customization, interactivity, and navigability—can provide the personal, social, and physical contexts, respectively, that are necessary for ensuring an enjoyable museum experience. A 2 (presence vs. absence of customizable gallery) × 2 (presence vs. absence of live-chat with others) × 2 (presence vs. absence of 3D navigational tool) between-subjects factorial experiment (N = 126) found that although each affordance is associated with distinct psychological benefits (customization with sense of agency and control, interactivity with reciprocity, and navigability with perceived reality), combining them on the same interface tends to undermine these benefits. In addition, power usage moderates the effectiveness of each affordance on the interface. Theoretical and practical implicati...
Antenatal Diagnosis of Surgically Correctable Anomalies: Effects of Repeated Consultations on Parental Anxiety

Antenatal Diagnosis of Surgically Correctable Anomalies: Effects of Repeated Consultations on Parental Anxiety
Interventional Radiology in Oncology: An Expanding Environment for Nurses

Historically, cancer treatment in the radiology department consisted of external-beam radiotherapy. Modern advances in interventional radiology, such as transcatheter chemoembolization and tumor ablation, allow direct delivery of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapy agents to malignancies. These procedures tend to be less invasive, less expensive, and frequently are associated with less morbidity.
Scaling quantum information processing using distributed remote entanglement

Entanglement of remote quantum memories provides an alternative way to scale quantum information processing. We present progress toward improved remote entanglement generation, useful for distributed quantum computing.
Conceptual similarity promotes generalization of higher order fear learning

We tested the hypothesis that conceptual similarity promotes generalization of conditioned fear. Using a sensory preconditioning procedure, three groups of subjects learned an association between two cues that were conceptually similar, unrelated, or mismatched. Next, one of the cues was paired with a shock. The other cue was then reintroduced to test for fear generalization, as measured by the skin conductance response. Results showed enhanced fear generalization that correlated with trait anxiety levels in the group that learned an association between conceptually similar stimuli. These findings suggest that conceptual representations of conditional stimuli influence human fear learning processes.
NMR studies of intramolecular proton exchange in alkylated naphthazarins

Three groups of alkyl-substituted naphthazarins were studied by 1H and 13C NMR in chloroform-d at ambient temperature. Preliminary 1H NMR studies were carried out on selected members of each group at low temperatures (down to –120 °C) in dichloromethane-d2 solution. Monoalkylnaphthazarins were found to exist predominantly as the 2-alkyl tautomers (I) and the dimethylalkyl species as the 2,3-dimethyl-6-alkyl tautomers (I). However, both symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted 2,6- and 2,7-dialkylnaphthazarins exhibited averaged chemical shifts and coupling constants indicating rapid proton exchange between the two minimum energy 1,4-dione tautomers (I and II). 13C NMR shifts were utilized to calculate tautomer populations of the unsymmetrical 2,6- and 2,7-(methyl,alkyl)naphthazarins.
Cultured dairy products: an overview of their gelation and texture properties

There has been considerable research in recent years on the texture and sensory properties of cultured dairy products. This article gives an overview of the formation of structure in cultured products (primarily in relation to yoghurt, cottage cheese and sour cream) and suggests approaches to controlling their textural properties. Two important themes concerning this topic are first that the casein micelles are the building blocks of acid gels so casein chemistry and casein interactions are important, and second that an understanding of the gelation process is the key to controlling the physical properties of cultured products. The impact of several processing steps on the structure of cultured dairy products is discussed. Textural properties and the possible causes of defects such as whey separation and lumpiness are also discussed.
A new passcode based approach for hiding classified information in images

This paper proposes a method of hiding classified data in images based on three different levels of security. Instead of hiding data directly, pixels are selected randomly and their higher nibble bits are matched with the data bits. A two bit code (2BC) is generated to encode the location of the matching bits. The two bit code is embedded in the image based on a password using three different suggested techniques. Simulation results on IEEE standard images of size 512 by 512 show that the suggested techniques are capable of achieving PSNRs between 56 dB and 67 dB with hiding up to 800 ASCII characters. The three different levels of security make this method highly difficult to intercept and useful for secure open channel communications.
The histopathology of alopecia areata in vertical and horizontal sections

Alopecia areata (AA) is a relatively common disease affecting 1.7% of Americans by the age of 50 years. The diagnosis is usually made on clinical grounds. In some cases the diagnosis is elusive and biopsies are necessary. In other cases biopsies are useful from a prognostic point of view to determine whether there are enough follicles left for possible future regrowth. In view of the active research being conducted into AA, biopsies provide valuable material for further investigation. The diagnosis of AA is improved by the use of horizontal sections in addition to or instead of vertical sections of scalp biopsies. The histopathologic features favoring the diagnosis of AA include peribulbar and intrabulbar mononuclear infiltrates, degenerative changes in the hair matrix, decreased numbers of terminal anagen follicles, increased numbers of terminal catagen and telogen follicles, an increased number of follicular stelae, an increased number of miniaturized vellus hair follicles, and pigment incontinence of hair bulbs and follicular stelae. Follicular counts with horizontal sections are particularly helpful in making the diagnosis of AA when the biopsy has been taken between acute episodes and the characteristic peribulbar inflammatory infiltrate is absent.
The BRICS and Beyond: Insights into Human Development/Security from “Global Governance”?

The decade of the BRICS is leading to the reanalysis of global relations, encouraged by the simultaneous rise of emerging markets and decline of the eurozone PIIGS. But is the trajectory towards global reorder and/or disorder? Development like capitalisms and regionalisms is increasingly diverse: heterogeneous transnational networks best approached through a global studies frame? Together these factors impact the balance between developmental and fragile states in African as elsewhere. And there are debates about what is emerging: companies? economies? states? and/or societies? Meanwhile, the “global” increasingly includes informal and illegal economies, especially TOC, including transnational Chinese mafias. Transnational governance continues to widen its scope to include airline and container alliances as well as a trio of commissions on drugs.
Failure Analysis of a Complex Learning Framework Incorporating Multi-modal and Semi-supervised Learning

Machine learning is used in many applications, from machine vision to speech recognition to decision support systems, and it is used to test applications. However, though much has been done to evaluate the performance of machine learning algorithms, little has been done to verify the algorithms or examine their failure modes. Moreover, complex learning frameworks often require stepping beyond black box evaluation to distinguish between errors based on natural limits on learning and errors that arise from mistakes in implementation. We present a conceptual architecture, failure model and taxonomy, and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) of a semi-supervised, multi-modal learning system, and provide specific examples from its use in a radiological analysis assistant system. The goal of the research described in this paper is to provide a foundation from which dependability analysis of systems using semi-supervised, multi-modal learning can be conducted. The methods presented provide a first step towards that overall goal.
An efficient implementation of decomposable parameter spaces

A methodology called the CIPS (cooperative independent parameter spaces) approach for reconstructing parametrized regular surfaces from range data is presented. The parametrizations are decomposed into subsets of parameters. The conjunction of the individual parameter detections in these subsets produces the full parametrization for a surface. The detections are accomplished using a multiwindow parameter estimation technique, multiresolution k-tree parameter space searching and voting, and a conflict resolution process that eliminates invalid parameter hypotheses and insures a single unique parametrization for each surface region. The overall decomposition of parameter detection spaces can be organized into a serial, parallel or hybrid architecture without problems of parameter crosstalk between spaces. Many of the major shortcomings of the Hough transform and other parameter space voting approaches are directly addressed by these methods. An implementation that detects spheres and cylinders in real, low-resolution range images is presented, and it is shown to be fast and accurate. >
Selective Incivility as Modern Discrimination in Organizations Evidence and Impact

This collection of studies tested aspects of Cortina’s theory of selective incivility as a “modern” manifestation of sexism and racism in the workplace and also tested an extension of that theory to ageism. Survey data came from employees in three organizations: a city government (N = 369), a law enforcement agency (N = 653), and the U.S. military (N = 15,497). According to analyses of simple mediation, target gender and race (but not age) affected vulnerability to uncivil treatment on the job, which in turn predicted intent to leave that job. Evidence of moderated mediation also emerged, with target gender and race interacting to predict uncivil experiences, such that women of color reported the worst treatment. The article concludes with implications for interventions to promote civility and nondiscrimination in organizations.
Methods to Assess Iron Status in Various NHANES Surveys

This paper summarizes iron status measurements included in the three cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) completed to date, as well as a special study of Hispanics, known as the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES). Approaches for defining iron status in the population based on these measurements are also described as well as issues in comparing iron status data between surveys, using NHANES II and III data as an example.
Outage minimization with limited feedback for the fading relay channel

In this paper, we consider practical methods to approach the theoretical performance limits in the fading relay channel under different assumptions of transmitter channel knowledge. Specifically, we consider two degrees of transmitter channel knowledge: 1) perfect feedback is available and power control is employed and 2) no channel state knowledge is available at the transmitters and only spatial power allocation is possible. First, when perfect feedback is available, the optimal power control policy determines the ultimate limits of performance for constant rate transmission in the slow fading environment. However, in practice, perfect channel knowledge is not possible at the transmitters due to the finite capacity of the feedback links. We find practical methods to approach this performance limit through the use of power control with finite rate feedback. The finite-rate feedback results are shown for the low-complexity, full-diversity amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol. Interestingly, we see that only a few feedback bits are needed to achieve most of the gains of the optimal perfect feedback power control algorithm. Second, we consider the performance limit when the transmitters have no channel state knowledge and derive the optimal spatial power allocation between the source and relay for a given sum power constraint for the AF protocol. For most practical cases of interest, equal power allocation between the source and relay is shown to be nearly optimal. Our work suggests that there is minimal power savings from using spatial power allocation at the transmitters. To obtain large performance improvements over constant power transmission, it is imperative to have feedback for each realization of the channel state to allow for temporal power control.
Multi-packet selection on mesh-connected processor arrays

The authors show efficient, deterministic algorithms for selection on the mesh-connected processor array, in the case when there are several elements at every processor. In particular, on a p-processor mesh, with N>or=p elements, stored N/p at every processor, they show that selection can be performed in O(min(plog/sup N///sub p/, max(N/p/sup 2/3/, square root p))) communication steps. The best previously known results were based on sorting and required O(N/ square root p) communication steps, for N>or=p. >
Accurate pKa Calculations for Carboxylic Acids Using Complete Basis Set and Gaussian-n Models Combined with CPCM Continuum Solvation Methods

Complete Basis Set and Gaussian-n methods were combined with CPCM continuum solvation methods to calculate pKa values for six carboxylic acids. An experimental value of −264.61 kcal/mol for the free energy of solvation of H+, ΔGs(H+), was combined with a value for Ggas(H+) of −6.28 kcal/mol to calculate pKa values with Cycle 1. The Complete Basis Set gas-phase methods used to calculate gas-phase free energies are very accurate, with mean unsigned errors of 0.3 kcal/mol and standard deviations of 0.4 kcal/mol. The CPCM solvation calculations used to calculate condensed-phase free energies are slightly less accurate than the gas-phase models, and the best method has a mean unsigned error and standard deviation of 0.4 and 0.5 kcal/mol, respectively. The use of Cycle 1 and the Complete Basis Set models combined with the CPCM solvation methods yielded pKa values accurate to less than half a pKa unit.
Clarifying the dimensions of four concepts of quality

There has long been a relationship between ergonomics and quality, ranging from studies of ergonomics and total quality management to ergonomic studies of service quality. However, quality is a concept that lacks a clear and concise definition and is thus difficult to accurately measure, improve, or even compare across different industries, products and services. To better understand the concept dimensions of quality, a three-phase study was conducted. All participants in the study were native English speakers and over the age of 18. Phase One consisted of a questionnaire, given to 80 participants, which resulted in a list of 254 words/phrases related to the perceptions of: (1) quality, (2) product quality, (3) service quality and (4) quality of life. Phase Two required a new set of 80 participants to rank each word as negatively or positively related to one of the four types of quality tested in Phase One. A smaller set of 30 words was selected for each concept for additional study. Phase Three, given to...
Nitroglycerin treatment following experimental coronary occlusion

Abstract The effect of sublingual (0.2 mg.) nitroglycerin (TNG) was studied in anesthetized dogs before and after coronary occlusion. Coronary artery occlusion was accomplished by embolization of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. TNG was administered before embolization and again at one minute, one, two, and six hours after embolization. TNG treatment did not significantly increase the number of arrhythmias or deaths compared to untreated animals with coronary occlusion. Hemodynamic and blood biochemical parameters were measured 5 to 15 minutes after TNG treatment. At this time of measurement, blood pressures (AO, LV, LA, PA, RV, RA), cardiac output, pulmonary and systemic resistances, and left ventricle work were not significantly different in the TNG-treated group compared to the animals with coronary occlusion but no TNG treatment. In the first five minutes after TNG administration, aortic pressure is reduced. Blood samples withdrawn five minutes after TNG treatment are not significantly different from the untreated animals in Po 2 , Pco 2 , pH, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids, LDH, CPK, and SGOT. It is concluded that TNG is not detrimental to animals with acute coronary occlusion and that TNG has a transient, short-duration effect.
DC-X EN-GROUND EFFECT ON BASE FLOW AND HEATING ENVIRONMENT

A quasi-transien t in-ground effect method is developed to study the effect of vertical landing on launch vehicle base flow and heating environment. This computational methodology is based on a three-dimensional, viscous flow, chemically reacting, pressure-based computational fluid dynamics formulation. The underlying in-ground base flow physics such as the fountain jet formation, plume growth, along with air entrainment and plume afterburning are captured with the present methodology. Convective and radiative base heat fluxes are computed for comparison with those of flight test. The influence of laminar Prandtl number on the convective heat flux is studied and radiative direction dependency test is conducted using the discrete ordinate and finite volume methods. The plume afterburning is found to be very important for accurate prediction of the base heat fluxes. The predicted convective and radiative base heat fluxes using finite-rate chemistry compared reasonably well with those of the flight test data.
11-cis retinal restores visual function in vitamin A-deficient Manduca.

Larvae of the tobacco hornworm moth Manduca sexta were reared on either a carotenoid-supplemented or a carotenoid-deficient diet. The former yields fortified adults with normal visual function, whereas visual sensitivity and rhodopsin content are reduced by 2−4 log units in the compound eyes of the deprived moths reared on the latter. We characterized the retinoids of fortified retinas and investigated the recovery of visual function in deprived moths that were provided with retinaldehyde as a source of photopigment chromophore. Retinoids were identified and measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fortified retinas contained mainly 3-hydroxyretinaldehyde (R 3 ); 11-cis R 3 predominated in dark-adaptation, all-trans in light-adaptation, indicating that R 3 is the photopigment chromophore. No retinoids could be measured in deprived eyes. Retinaldehyde (R 1 ) was delivered to the retinas of deprived moths by “painting” solutions of 11-cis or all-trans R 1 in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the corneal surfaces of the compound eyes or on the head capsule between the eyes. 11-cis R 1 induced rapid recovery: during 3 days, sensitivity rose to within a log unit of that measured from fortified animals. By 7 days, sensitivity was close to normal. Although rhodopsin and P-face particle densities of photoreceptor membranes increased, neither rose to the levels found in fortified animals. All-trans R 1 induced only a slight increase in sensitivity that could have resulted from some nonspecific isomerization of the all-trans to the 11-cis isomer; we found no evidence for a retinal isomerase that functions in darkness. Small amounts of R 3 were measured in recovering retinas, indicating some conversion of R 1 to R 3 . However, the chromophore of most of the rhodopsin that was synthesized must have been R 1 . It is possible that rhodopsin did not reach normal levels in the retina even after a week of recovery because the normal chromophore R 3 was not provided. Although the rhodopsin that initially formed in recovering moths may have resulted from the association of the chromophore with pre-existing opsin, the extent of eventual recovery indicates that opsin synthesis was stimulated by 11-cis R 1 .
Science Signaling Podcast: 08 April 2008

This conversation is about research highlighted in Editors9 Choice titled "Predisposed to a Long Life?" The highlighted article is Y. Suh, G. Atzmon, M.-O. Cho, D. Hwang, B. Liu, D. J. Leahy, N. Barzilai, P. Cohen, Functionally significant insulin-like growth factor I receptor mutations in centenarians. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 , 3438–3442 (2008). (Length: 7 min; file size: 3.29 MB; file format: mp3; location: http://podcasts.aaas.org/science_signaling/ScienceSignaling_080408.mp3)
Ultrasound evaluation of focal neuropathies in athletes: a clinically-focused review

Focal neuropathies represent a rare but clinically important and potentially challenging aetiology of pain in athletes. Diagnostic ultrasound is commonly used in the evaluation of nerve entrapments, and has several advantages over other imaging modalities, including high resolution, portability, lack of ionising radiation, low cost, point-of-care access, ease of contralateral comparison and capability of Doppler and dynamic imaging techniques. In this review, we discuss the use of ultrasound for the evaluation of injuries to the brachial plexus including 'stingers,' suprascapular nerve, ulnar nerve, radial nerve, common fibular nerve, tibial nerve and interdigital nerves of the foot at selected common sites of entrapment.
On Shtelen’s Solution of the Free Linear Schrödinger Equation

Abstract The solution of the three-dimensional free Schrodinger equation due to W.M. Shtelen based on the invariance of this equation under the Lorentz Lie algebra so(1,3) of nonlocal transformations is considered. Various properties of this solution are examined, including its extension to n ≥ 3 spatial dimensions and its time decay; which is shown to be slower than that of the usual solution of this equation. These new solutions are then used to define certain mappings, F n, on L 2(ℝn) and a number of their properties are studied; in particular, their global smoothing properties are considered. The differences between the behavior of F n and that of analogous mappings constructed from usual solutions of the free Schrodinger equation are discussed.
A Graphical Test Bed (SIMTBED) For Analyzing And Reporting The Results Of A Statistical Experiment

It is unfortunately true that statisticians seldom apply the tools of their own trade to the analysis of simulation experiments. This refers to the experimental design for the input, and the data presentation and summary and analysis for the output. A graphical test bed in which the output of a simulation experiment can be reported and analyzed is described. From the graphics and the associated numerics the experimenter can summarize and see simultaneously relative properties--such as bias, normality and spread--of several estimators of a characteristic of the population for up to sixteen sample sizes. The evolution of these properties with sample size is also displayed and analyzed using regression and asymptotic expansions. The graphics is supported on a line printer to make it and the program portable. The use of the program is illustrated by a study of estimates of serial correlation in normal time series.The latest version of SIMTBED incorporates a restart facility which makes the program ideal for efficient utilization of microcomputers. A microcomputer version which uses color in the output to differentiate factors in the simulation is described, as well as improvements which are being incorporated into the latest version. This latest version will run on micros, minis or mainframes.
On planar polyline drawings

We present a linear time algorithm that produces a planar polyline drawing for a plane graph with n vertices in a grid of size bounded by (p + 1) × (n - 2), where p ≤ (⌊2n-5/3⌋). It uses at most p ≤ ⌊2n-5/3⌋ bends, and each edge uses at most one bend. Compared with the area optimal polyline drawing algorithm in [3], our algorithm uses a larger grid size bound in trade for a smaller bound on the total number of bends. Their bend bound is (n-2). Our algorithm is based on a transformation from Schnyder's realizers [6,7] of maximal plane graphs to transversal structures [4,5] for maximal internally 4-connected plane graphs. This transformation reveals important relations between the two combinatorial structures for plane graphs, which is of independent interest.
The heart in Heidegger’s thought

The notion of the heart is one of the most basic notions in ordinary language. It is central to Heidegger’s notion of thought that he relates to the primordial word Gedanc as underlying attunement that issues forth in emotional phenomena. He plays with all the etymological cognates of that word to zero in on the phenomena involved. The key experience of Erstaunen that grounds the first beginning of philosophy is paralleled by Erschrecken that grounds Heidegger’s “second beginning” and plays counterpoint with the first. Along with Befindlichkeit as one’s basic attunement, these are key phenomena that belong to the heart, not to ‘intellect’ or ‘will.’ Thinking in terms of the intellect is das rechnende Denken¸ thinking in terms of the heart, besinnliche Nachdenken. It is the latter that provides the “poetic-intellectual” experience for both the arts and philosophy in which such “world space” is created that even the ordinary appears extraordinary.
Electrical storm of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia after a cardiac-resynchronization-therapy-defibrillator upgrade.

In patients with significant left ventricular dysfunction and congestive heart failure despite optimal medical therapy, implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillation (CRT-D) devices has been shown to improve symptoms and mortality. In this report, we describe a case of a patient with ischaemic cardiomyopathy who developed incessant ventricular tachycardia (VT) after undergoing an upgrade from an implantable cardioverter defibrillator to a CRT-D device. The patient required multiple anti-arrhythmic agents, removal of the coronary sinus lead, and radiofrequency ablation to control VT. Thus, in rare patients, the CRT devices may potentially cause ‘proarrhythmia’ with serious consequences.
Family Policies for an Aging Society: Moving to the Twenty-First Century

Most family policy implicitly or explicitly focuses on families with young children, but the revolution in longevity suggests the value of a life course focus, aimed at promoting the effectiveness of families and individuals at all ages and stages. Gerontologists can make a contribution by documenting and describing the gaps between needs and resources of families at all life stages, developing family indicators of social change, and sensitizing both decision makers and the public to the unintended consequences of existing or proposed policies.