cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive coarse-to-fine sports video analysis framework to infer 3D parameters of video objects with application to tennis video sequences

In this paper, we present a novel video content analysis system. An innovative 2D to 3D parameter inference algorithm is presented. It is applied to the tennis player body shape modeling, after a coarse-to-fine analysis on real world sports video sequences. As the first step, the video shots are classified in coarse level. Only shots containing appropriate body shape size are retained for the fine-level analysis. The fine-level analysis begins with a video object (VO) segmentation stage to obtain the player body shapes. The VO then undergo training and testing stages. The training VO are classified into serving and non-serving classes by Gaussian mixture modeling (GMM). The VO in serving class are further clustered and the corresponding 3D parameters of a human body model are obtained manually for each cluster center. For a testing VO sequence, the VO that contain servings are found by GMM and the initial 3D parameters are fitted to the closest matches to the cluster centers. Based on the initial guess, an innovative multidimensional optimization procedure is employed to obtain the 3D parameters. Experiments are performed on broadcast tennis games and promising results are obtained.
Estrogen and progesterone receptors in congenital melanocytic nevi

Using fluorescent-labeled estrogen and progesterone, congenital nevi from fifteen patients, six male and 9 female, were studied for the presence of corresponding cytoplasmic receptor binding. Similar studies were done in a control population of twenty-one patients, ten male and 11 female, with acquired intradermal nevi. Congenital nevi contained high concentrations of estrogen-binding and progesterone-binding nevus cells in both male (6/6) and female patients (5/9). Lesser concentrations of estrogen-binding and progesterone-binding nevus cells were found in congenital nevi from the remaining four female patients. In contrast, acquired intradermal nevi from the control group of patients had little or no detectable estrogen or progesterone binding. These data indicate that congenital nevi are similar in hormonal-binding properties to melanomas and dysplastic nevi, in contrast to acquired intradermal nevi.
Gene Expression Profiles from Disease Discordant Twins Suggest Shared Antiviral Pathways and Viral Exposures among Multiple Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Viral agents are of interest as possible autoimmune triggers due to prior reported associations and widely studied molecular mechanisms of antiviral immune responses in autoimmunity. Here we examined new viral candidates for the initiation and/or promotion of systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID), as well as possible related signaling pathways shared in the pathogenesis of those disorders. RNA isolated from peripheral blood samples from 33 twins discordant for SAID and 33 matched, unrelated healthy controls was analyzed using a custom viral-human gene microarray. Paired comparisons were made among three study groups—probands with SAID, their unaffected twins, and matched, unrelated healthy controls—using statistical and molecular pathway analyses. Probands and unaffected twins differed significantly in the expression of 537 human genes, and 107 of those were associated with viral infections. These 537 differentially expressed human genes participate in overlapping networks of several canonical, biologic pathways relating to antiviral responses and inflammation. Moreover, certain viral genes were expressed at higher levels in probands compared to either unaffected twins or unrelated, healthy controls. Interestingly, viral gene expression levels in unaffected twins appeared intermediate between those of probands and the matched, unrelated healthy controls. Of the viruses with overexpressed viral genes, herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) was the only human viral pathogen identified using four distinct oligonucleotide probes corresponding to three HSV-2 genes associated with different stages of viral infection. Although the effects from immunosuppressive therapy on viral gene expression remain unclear, this exploratory study suggests a new approach to evaluate shared viral agents and antiviral immune responses that may be involved in the development of SAID.
The effects of B0, B20, and B100 soy biodiesel exhaust on aconitine-induced cardiac arrhythmia in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

AbstractContext: Diesel exhaust (DE) has been shown to increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. Although biodiesel has been proposed as a “safer” alternative to diesel, it is still uncertain whether it actually poses less threat.Objective: We hypothesized that exposure to pure or 20% soy biodiesel exhaust (BDE) would cause less sensitivity to aconitine-induced arrhythmia than DE in rats.Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats implanted with radiotelemeters were exposed once or for 5 d (4 h) to either 50 mg/m3 (low), 150 mg/m3 (medium), or 500 mg/m3 (high) of DE (B0), 20% (B20) or 100% (B100) soy biodiesel exhaust. Arrhythmogenesis was assessed 24 h later by continuous infusion of aconitine, an arrhythmogenic drug, while heart rate (HR), and electrocardiogram (ECG) were monitored.Results: Rats exposed once or for 5 d to low, medium, or high B0 developed arrhythmia at significantly lower doses of aconitine than controls, whereas rats exposed to B20 were only consistently sensitive after 5 d of the hi...
Clarification of type material for Bornean species of the genus Osteochilus (Cyprinidae)

Two species and one subspecies of the genus Osteochilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) were described from Borneo in a revision of the group by Karnasuta in 1993. Examination of type material has illuminated points of conflict regarding some of the type specimens listed in original descriptions. Based on archived correspondence and the author's original thesis, we were able to determine the disposition of specimens and revise collection information for type material accordingly.
Inhibition of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase from Pseudomonas fluorescens by ATP

The enzyme 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens was inhibited by the nucleotide ATP in an apparent competitive manner (Ki = 10.4 mM). This reversible effect was antagonized by the substrate GABA, whose apparent Km was increased from 0.6 mM to 2 mM in the presence of 20 mM ATP, suggesting that ATP interferes with GABA binding to the active site of the enzyme. The apparent Km with respect to the second substrate alpha-ketoglutarate was also increased, although to a lesser extent, whereas the cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was unable to influence the inhibition by ATP. The ATP structural analogues ADP, CTP and XTP were also able to inhibit the enzyme to a similar extent. These data indicate that GABA concentrations within the bacterial cell can be regulated by the action of ATP on 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase. In addition, because the inhibition by ATP is similar to the inhibition of the enzyme from mammalian brain, the bacterial enzyme could provide a convenient source of the enzyme for studies of drug effects on brain GABA metabolism in vitro.
The Fiduciary Gap

Scholars, lawyers, judges, and parties to fiduciary relationships struggle to define when an arrangement constitutes a fiduciary relationship and what fiduciary duties are. While many believe that fiduciary relationships have foundations in expectations of morally praiseworthy behavior, the law does not impose obligations that match those aspirations. Instead, the fiduciary duties that give rise to liability are much more precise and predictably applied than broad moral proclamations about fiduciary behavior would lead us to believe. When striving to honor parties’ expectations in interpreting incomplete fiduciary contracts, courts find there are some expectations the law will not enforce.This Article reveals the “fiduciary gap” between the expectations of parties to fiduciary relationships and the duties the law will enforce. Understanding that gap leads to the conclusion that fiduciary duties are incomplete gap fillers. That is, fiduciary duties do not enforce what the parties would have agreed to if they had bargained about a particular circumstance explicitly. The fiduciary gap is responsible for expensive, unsuccessful litigation that leaves trusting parties without legal recourse for their losses at the hands of untrustworthy or underachieving fiduciaries. The gap is also responsible for much of the persistent debate among scholars about the meaning and purpose of fiduciary obligation. This Article reveals and explains the fiduciary gap to offer a more complete understanding of fiduciary relationships.
The Golden Age of Empire

Although historians of political thought have generally identified the Middle Ages as the age of empire and the modern world as the age of the state, in fact, the most extensive period of imperial development was from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries.3 No medieval monarch ruled a domain as extensive as that of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, or that of the Spanish monarch Philip II (1556–98) who ruled more than twenty kingdoms, or even that of George III of England (1760–1820). What is of special interest here is that with the exception of Charles V, and then only in part of his domains, these rulers were not labelled emperors. What John Adams said of the British Empire, that there was no such institution in either the law or the constitution, was also true of the Habsburg family possessions outside the boundaries of the Holy Roman Empire. There was no Spanish Empire any more than there was a British Empire. What existed were several medieval personal monarchies, dynastic agglomerations of territories that had little in common except that they shared the same ruler.
Role of the I2/I– Equilibrium in the Photocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction at Ag/AgI

Photocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction at a silver electrode coated with silver iodide is examined with particular attention to the role of the I2/I– equilibrium in the mechanism of catalysis. We demonstrate the dependence of the photovoltage on the standard reduction potentials for the O2/H2O and the I2/I– equilibria. Iodide, present only via photon-driven charge transfer from silver into the AgI film, oxidizes to iodine in coupling with the oxygen reduction reaction. The photovoltage at the cathode is found tied to that redox couple. The photovoltage is nearly pH-independent owing to a balance between proton consumption during oxygen reduction and the shifting ratio ([I2]/aI–2). The catalytic cycle is maintained by regeneration of AgI by the thermodynamically allowed reaction of iodine with silver.
The Radical Voices of Social Workers

Abstract This article reports the findings of a national study of self-identified radical social workers who practiced between the 1950s and the present. Utilizing a variety of methods, the research attempted to assess respondents' perspectives on the field, their underlying theoretical orientations, and the development of their philosophy of practice. The findings indicated that the roots of respondents' ideologies vary, depending on their family origin, religious background, the influences of certain writings or people, the period in which they reached maturity, and the impact of a particular social movement. Despite these differences, respondents reflected similar views on capitalism as a socio-economic system, the nature of labor, the relationship of individual problems to exploitation by elites, the need for a redistribution of wealth and income, and the dominance of the social work profession by clinical or psychotherapeutic perspectives. Overall, they believe that radicals have had very little impa...
A buildup method for determining the voltage coefficient of high voltage resistors

We describe a method for measuring the voltage coefficient of high voltage resistors in the 100 kV range. This method relies only on the short term stability of a reference divider along with the short term stability and in range linearity of a digital voltmeter. Changes in resistance on the μΩ/Ω level can be detected with this method, allowing the effects dielectric absorption to be seen in addition to joule heating.
Differential effects of mother’s and child’s postnatal WIC participation on breastfeeding

ABSTRACTWe evaluate the effect of postnatal participation in the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programme on breastfeeding decisions using the data from the IFPS II. We find that the infant’s WIC participation positively affects the hazard of discontinuing breastfeeding, both partial and exclusive (and is thus associated with abbreviated breastfeeding duration). No significant association is found between the mother’s participation and the hazards of stopping exclusive or partial breastfeeding. Such differential effects might be a result of the programme’s policy, according to which the infant, but not the mother needs to be enrolled to receive free formula.
The Haploimmunostorm Syndrome: A Distinct Clinical Entity Seen in HLA-Haploidentical Cellular Immunotherapy.

Abstract An immune-mediated anti-tumor response is the ultimate goal of allogeneic transplantation for relapsed, refractory malignancies. We developed a transplant protocol with less toxicity compared with standard allogeneic transplantation. We utilize multiple donor lymphocyte infusions after nonmyeloablative HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation for refractory disease. We have performed a total of 41 HLA-mismatched transplants with escalation of the CD3+ dose to 2×108 cells/kg using G-CSF primed product, with a conditioning regimen of 100cGy total body irradiation. Our phase I/II study had 26 with hematologic malignancies. This therapy results in loss of detectable macrochimerism. Despite this, 13 responses, six major, occurred outside of macrochimerism. We have observed a new infusion related clinical entity named haploimmunostorm (HIS), observed after infusion. This syndrome occurred in 26 out of 30 (87%) patients with a CD3+ dose more than 1×108 cells/kg. In the syndrome, a constellation of symptoms occurred, some with variable penetrance, in which hyperpyrexia and malaise were a constant feature occurring as early as 4 hrs after cell infusion (median of 14 hrs). A morbilliform rash was seen in 40% of patients. Biopsies revealed no evidence of hyperacute or acute GVHD. Diarrhea was present in a 20% of patients; biopsies taken also failed to show any evidence of GVHD. Transient elevations of liver enzymes occurred in 40% of the patients usually. Steroids were used successfully if the HIS syndrome lasted more than 72 hrs. We used a Bioplex machine and analyzed 17-separate cytokine levels serially in these patients beginning with pre-treatment levels. Cytokine level analysis showed a cluster of cytokines that had up to a 1100 fold level increase compared with baseline pretreatment cytokine levels with significant increases of at least 10 fold in IFN-g, IL-10, IL-13, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1b. This syndrome appears to be immunologically based and represents neither hyperacute nor acute GVHD. This syndrome is different than an engraftment syndrome reported in some patients undergoing autologous transplant with a different cluster of cytokine elevation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-g, MCP-1, MIP-1b) compared with (IL-1,IL-2, IL-8, TNFa, IFNg) for engraftment syndrome Engraftment syndrome occurs at time of engraftment, opposed to HIS in which may be a rejection syndrome. HIS deviates from engraftment syndrome with absence of noncardiogenic edema, pulmonary infiltrates, renal insufficiency weight gain and encephalopathy. The skin and intestinal biopsy results are distinctly different than GVHD or engraftment syndrome. The anti-tumor responses may be due to activation of host natural killer and T-cells with increases in MCP-1, MIP-1b and IL-6, essentially breaking host tumor tolerance. In summary, we have observed a new clinical entity that was not previously seen and is a result of the donors having a relatively intact immune system at the time of cell infusion.
A novel duplex finding of superficial epigastric vein flow reversal to diagnose iliocaval occlusion.

Abstract Objective Although duplex ultrasound (DUS) imaging is the current gold standard in the diagnosis of femoropopliteal deep venous thrombosis, it is not an optimal diagnostic modality to diagnose iliocaval occlusion. Screening for iliocaval occlusion thus remains a challenge for clinicians because of the lack of a reliable noninvasive technique. This challenge results in most patients undergoing computed tomography venography or magnetic resonance venography or invasive venography and intravascular ultrasound imaging. This study reports a novel, yet simple, reproducible and intuitive, surface DUS finding of physiologic flow reversal within the superficial epigastric vein (SEV) as a sign of proximal iliocaval occlusion (ICO). Methods This was a retrospective study of 15 patients who were diagnosed with ICO based on the finding of SEV flow reversal on DUS imaging. Patient demographics, presenting CEAP C scores, ICO characteristics, correlation with advanced imaging, and short-term follow-up findings are reported. Results Physiologic reversal of the SEV resulted in confirmation of ICO in all patients who underwent advanced imaging, including computed tomography venography or traditional venogram along with intravascular ultrasound imaging. All patients who underwent follow-up DUS scans demonstrated normalization of the SEV flow after ICO recanalization. Conclusions ICO can result in deep venous thrombosis, post-thrombotic syndrome, and chronic venous insufficiency. Physiologic flow reversal in SEV is diagnostic of ICO. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this novel DUS finding.
Deficient Endogenous Glucose Production During Exercise After Total Pancreatectomy/Islet Autotransplantation

Context Total pancreatectomy followed by intrahepatic islet autotransplantation (TP/IAT) is performed to alleviate severe, unrelenting abdominal pain caused by chronic pancreatitis, to improve quality of life, and to prevent diabetes. Objective To determine the cause of exercise-induced hypoglycemia that is a common complaint in TP/IAT recipients. Design Participants completed 1 hour of steady-state exercise. Setting Hospital research unit. Patients and Other Participants We studied 14 TP/IAT recipients and 10 age- and body mass index-matched control subjects. Interventions Peak oxygen uptake (VO2) was determined via a symptom-limited maximal cycle ergometer test. Fasted subjects then returned for a primed [6,6-2H2]-glucose infusion to measure endogenous glucose production while completing 1 hour of bicycle exercise at either 40% or 70% peak VO2. Main Outcome Measures Blood samples were obtained to measure glucose metabolism and counterregulatory hormones before, during, and after exercise. Results Although the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion did not differ between recipients and control subjects, aerobic capacity was significantly higher in controls than in recipients (40.4 ± 2.0 vs 27.2 ± 1.4 mL/kg per minute; P < 0.001). This difference resulted in workload differences between control subjects and recipients to reach steady-state exercise at 40% peak VO2 (P = 0.003). Control subjects significantly increased their endogenous glucose production from 12.0 ± 1.0 to 15.2 ± 1.0 µmol/kg per minute during moderate exercise (P = 0.01). Recipients did not increase endogenous glucose production during moderate exercise (40% peak VO2) but succeeded during heavy exercise, from 10.1 ± 0.4 to 14.8 ± 2.0 µmol/kg per minute (70% peak VO2; P = 0.001). Conclusions Failure to increase endogenous glucose production during moderate exercise may be a key contributor to the hypoglycemia TP/IAT recipients experience.
Alveolar air and oxidative metabolic demand during exercise in healthy adults: the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the β2AR gene.

Abstract The predominating β ‐adrenergic receptor subtype expressed on human alveolar tissue is the β 2 AR. The homozygous arginine (Arg16Arg) single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 16 of the β 2 AR gene has been associated with abnormal β 2 AR function accompanied by decreased resting alveolar‐capillary membrane gas‐transfer in certain healthy adults. Although not previously studied in the context of the β 2 AR gene, pulmonary gas‐transfer is also influenced by alveolar volume ( V A ) and with it the availability of alveolar surface area, particularly during exercise. Small V A implies less alveolar surface area available for O 2 transport. We tested the following hypothesis in healthy adults during exercise: compared with Gly16Gly and Arg16Gly β2AR genotypes, Arg16Arg will demonstrate reduced V A and ventilation ( V A ) relative to V E and oxidative metabolic demand. Age‐ BMI‐ and gender‐matched groups of Arg16Arg ( N = 16), Gly16Gly ( N = 31), and Arg16Gly ( N = 17) performed consecutive low (9‐min, 40%‐peak workload) and moderate (9‐min, 75%‐peak workload) intensity exercise. We derived V A and V A using “ideal” alveolar equations via arterialized gases combined with breath‐by‐breath ventilation and gas‐exchange measurements; whereas steady‐state V O 2 was used in metabolic equations to derive exercise economy (EC = workload÷ V O 2 ). Variables at rest did not differ across β 2 AR genotype. Strongest β 2 AR genotype effects occurred during moderate exercise. Accordingly, while V E did not differ across genotype ( P > 0.05), decreased in Arg16Arg versus Arg16Gly and Gly16Gly were V O 2 (1110 ± 263, 1269 ± 221, 1300 ± 319 mL/(min·m 2 ), respectively, both P V A (59 ± 21, 70 ± 16, 70 ± 21 L/min, respectively, both P 0.05), and V A (1.43 ± 0.37, 1.95 ± 0.61, 1.93 ± 0.65 L, respectively, both P 0.05). Also reduced was EC in Arg16Arg versus Arg16Gly ( P 0.05) and Gly16Gly ( P > 0.05) (1.81 ± 0.23, 1.99 ± 0.30, and 1.94 ± 0.26 kcal/(L·m 2 ), respectively). Compared with Gly16Gly and Arg16Gly genotypes, these data suggest the Arg16Arg β 2 AR genotype plays a role in the loss of oxidative metabolic efficiency coupled with an inadaptive V A and, hence, smaller alveolar surface area available for O 2 transport during submaximal exercise in healthy adults.
Arbitrary Polynomial Chaos for Uncertainty Propagation of Correlated Random Variables in Dynamic Systems

Abstract Dynamic simulation of stochastic systems requires uncertainty propagation. Traditional sample-based uncertainty propagation methods are often computationally intractable for online optimization-based estimation and control applications. Generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) is an efficient uncertainty propagation method that has been used for solving various nonlinear estimation and optimal control problems. However, gPC requires knowledge of the exact probability distribution of the random variables, and does not explicitly account for correlations between these random variables. This paper demonstrates the use of arbitrary polynomial chaos (aPC) for propagation of correlated multivariate random variables. aPC constructs orthogonal polynomial basis functions from only the raw moments of the random variables. Thus, aPC can be used for propagation of uncertainties with arbitrary probability distributions, even if their functional forms are unknown. The main contributions of this paper consist of presenting an algorithm for generating a set of orthogonal polynomial basis functions for correlated multivariate random variables and applying the Galerkin projection to compute closed-form expressions for the dynamics of the aPC expansion coefficients. An algorithm is also presented for efficient calculation of inner products between polynomial basis functions needed in the Galerkin projection. The error convergence properties of aPC are investigated and compared to that of gPC and Monte Carlo using a dynamic simulation case study.
Smoke-Free Home and Vehicle Policies Among Community College Smokers:

Background. Personal smoke-free policies (home and vehicle) reduce secondhand smoke exposure, improve health, and increase quitting among smokers. Overall, 83.0% and 78.1% of Americans report smoke...
Using machine learning methods to identify atrocity perpetrators

“Big data” on atrocities events are now widely analyzed in the social sciences. Unfortunately, these data often contain incomplete information on the identities of atrocity perpetrators. This study addresses this deficiency by developing a machine learning approach for the accurate recovery of unknown perpetrator identities within existent atrocities datasets. In doing so, it demonstrates how to transform and standardize a large number of auxiliary variables into text-compatible data. It next shows how to leverage this information to train a series of classifiers on observed atrocities data. After identifying the ideal set of machine learning algorithms and evaluating their performance in this context, this study then uses an ensemble of the best performing algorithms to classify all unknown atrocity perpetrators included within a prominent atrocities dataset, validating the results with external data from the Iraq conflict.
Holistic optimization technique for solving low thermal conductivity of sapphire substrates in high frequency devices

The recent upsurge in wireless communications demands devices working at higher frequencies with higher output densities. In general, wide-bandgap materials seem to be the reliable choice for these applications, specifically GaN HEMT that has shown great advantage over its previous counterparts. A holistic optimization technique is proposed to define the stages that a high frequency, high power device is designed. An issue with the thermal conductivity of the substrates for these devices is also addressed and a fabrication technique is proposed to solve it.
Ophthalmic management of the facial palsy patient.

The management of the ocular sequelae of facial palsy should be individualized for each patient. The patient's age, ocular motility, tear production, and corneal sensation are considered when developing a treatment plan. Individuals with transient weakness often require only therapy with topical lubricants. Permanent or chronic facial paralysis is usually associated with lagophthalmos, ectropion, and exposure keratitis. Both “static” and “dynamic” procedures can be performed to improve these conditions. Combined eyelid surgery and suspension of the midface often provides the best result. However, patients with permanent facial palsy usually suffer chronic ocular symptoms, requiring long-term follow-up and continued topical therapy.
Day after Day after Day

The description and theoretical implications of the adverbial expressions in (1) are examined from the standpoint of Cognitive Grammar (Langacker 1987, 1991, 2008). (1)(a) It just kept on raining day after day after day after day after day. (b) Time after time he failed the exam. (c) Year after year after year they reject my abstract. This construction inherits from a variety of others, including a regular pattern whereby nominals referring to time function as adverbial modifiers, as in (2)(a)-(b). Internally these expressions involve the modification of a noun by a prepositional phrase, but are special in that the head and the prepositional object both appear ungrounded; they are part of a network of constructions of this sort described by Jackendoff (2008). In terms of both form and meaning, there is an evident similarity to chained coordination, as in (2)(c). More broadly, the expressions instantiate a general intonational pattern indicating the parallelism of a series of elements separated by a slight pause, as in (2)(c)-(d). (2)(a) It rained the whole month. (b) Every year they reject my abstract. (c) It just rained and rained and rained and rained and rained. (d) A lie is a lie is a lie is a lie is a lie. In (1)(a), each non-peripheral instance of day functions simultaneously as the object of the preceding preposition and the head modified by the following prepositional phrase. Likewise, in (2)(d) each non-peripheral instance of a lie functions as both the predicate nominative in one clause and as subject in the next. This chain-like organization, unproblematic for the symbolic assemblies of Cognitive Grammar, shows the inadequacy of strict constituency hierarchies for describing grammatical structure. The construction further involves the superimposition of non-commensurate organizational schemes. At one level, following the usual trajector/landmark alignment of after-phrases, each day mentioned in (1)(a) is prior to the preceding one, as in (3)(a). Overriding this, however, is an interpretation analogous to (2)(c), where each day mentioned follows the preceding one. This reversal of trajector/landmark alignment is comparable to the one exhibited by when and before in (3)(b)-(c), where discourse importance places primary emphasis on what would otherwise be the landmark clause. (3)(a) the fight after the party after the reception after his wedding (b) I had just stepped in the shower when the phone rang. (c) I barely had time to introduce myself before everyone started offering advice. The construction can be analyzed as iconically representing the simulation of extended experience. Everything needed for its description is available and independently justified in Cognitive Grammar. And pace Jackendoff, it does not support the autonomy of syntax vis-a-vis semantics.
Vertically oriented TiS2−x nanobelt arrays as binder- and carbon-free intercalation electrodes for Li- and Na-based energy storage devices

Titanium(IV) sulfide (TiS2) is a promising 2D layered material for energy storage applications. However, its electrochemical performance has been hindered by its low ion diffusion coefficient and inconsistencies in determining its electrical properties. To overcome these challenges, bulk TiS2 cathodes are normally mixed with conductive additives (typically carbon) and polymer binders (typically polyvinylidene fluoride – PVDF) to yield a paste that is subsequently cast onto a current collector. The electrochemical performance of the electrode is lowered due to the extra weight of all the inactive components (i.e., additives, polymer binder, and metal substrates) introduced during the fabrication process. An alternative to the use of pasted electrodes is the direct growth of well-defined nanostructures on a conducting substrate. In this study, we report the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical performance of carbon- and binder-free cathodes comprising highly conducting TiS2 nanobelts. The fabricated TiS2 nanobelts are highly anisotropic and are vertically grown directly on the current collector to yield a spatially controlled array. The short ion diffusion paths, high electrical conductivity and absence of additives that hinder ion migration lead to Li- and Na-based TiS2 electrochemical devices exhibiting high specific capacity, less capacity fade, and resilience under higher cycling rates. We also present the effects of sulfur vacancies on the electrochemical performance of both vertically oriented Li- and Na-based TiS2−x nanobelt array cathode insertion hosts. It is also worth mentioning that Na-ion half-cells comprising our vertically oriented TiS2 nanobelt arrays exhibit a discharge capacity of 217 mA h g−1 (theoretical specific capacity of 239 mA h g−1). This discharge capacity equates to 0.91 Na per TiS2 unit – exceeding the maximum loading ever obtained of 0.8 Na per TiS2 under practical operation. We thus observe that scaling to finite sizes as well as fabricating highly anisotropic nanobelt arrays are found to profoundly alter both the kinetics of Li- and Na-ion insertion and the electrochemical performance of TiS2.
Spontaneous ovarian heterotopic pregnancy.

Heterotopic pregnancy is a simultaneous intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy. We report a case of a spontaneous ovarian heterotopic pregnancy. A 36-year-old woman, gravida 7 para 4-1-1-5 at 4 weeks gestation (spontaneous conception), presented to the emergency department with vaginal spotting, lower abdominal cramps with human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) 10 772 mIU/mL (hCG at T0). Abdominal and pelvic examinations were benign. Transvaginal sonogram (TVS) showed an intrauterine gestational sac and yolk sac, no fetal pole visualised. She was discharged home with a diagnosis of threatened abortion. The patient returned to the emergency department 3 weeks later (T1) at 7 weeks gestation with recurrent vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. Her TVS showed an empty uterus with small amount of free fluid in the cul-de-sac. A small 2 cm round mass noted in the adnexa with hCG of 4663 mIU/mL (hCG at T1). Laparoscopy revealed normal fallopian tubes bilaterally and a ruptured right ovarian ectopic pregnancy. Pathology was consistent with ectopic pregnancy. Abnormal hCG patterns should raise suspicion for heterotopic pregnancy.
Methodological Approaches to Movement Waves and the Making of History

Popular uprisings, revolutions, and other major movement waves are often explained as mechanistic or even spontaneous responses to new political openings or perceived threats. Yet while such explanations may account for when movements rise up, they are less useful for explaining why and how they rise up, and furthermore, what will occur in the course of a rising wave. To arrive at such explanations, I argue, social movement scholars must attend to those who do the work of movement building. We need research methods that understand activists as conscious producers both of movements and of knowledge about the movements they produce. Building from recent publications that argue for a scholarship of movements that at once assumes social complexity and valorizes agency, I show how bringing familiar approaches to social movement studies into constructive engagement with a longstanding scholarship of revolutions and praxis allows us to better explain where movement waves come from and what they produce. To do this, I specify movement elements, movement waves, periods, and terrains of struggle; theorize movement building across dimensions of struggle; and articulate how these concepts may be used to analyze movement building as a process that produces history. As a demonstration of this method, I share findings from a study of the movement building process that produced the Wisconsin Uprising of 2011. I conclude with the observation that different sets of operative assumptions make various aspects of movements more or less visible, and that the advance of activist-centered scholarship is helpful in making movement building and other processes available for empirical research. I propose a series of methods made practicable by the epistemological approach advocated here and argue for a wider engagement by social movement scholars with an ontology of praxis.
One-year study evaluating efficacy of an iodine-restricted diet for the treatment of moderate-to-severe hyperthyroidism in cats

Purpose This study sought to determine the efficacy of a therapeutic iodine-restricted diet during a 12 -month interval in cats with moderately to severely increased total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations. Patients and methods Eight hyperthyroid cats with serum creatinine 6.0 µg/dL (reference interval 1.5-4.0 µg/dL) were enrolled. Each cat underwent an initial physical examination, complete blood count, serum chemistry panel, thyroid profile, thyroid scintigraphy, and echocardiogram. Physical examination and all blood samplings were repeated at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after enrollment. Clients were instructed to feed only the therapeutic iodine-restricted diet throughout the entire study. Results Median TT4 was 8.4 (range 6.2-24.0) µg/dL at study onset. Thyroid scintigraphy was abnormal in all cats, confirming hyperthyroidism. Six out of eight cats had normal serum TT4 after 4 weeks of feeding the therapeutic diet. The two cats that did not achieve normalization of TT4 at 4 weeks had the highest initial TT4 concentrations. Three cats were withdrawn from the study due to emergence of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion An iodine-restricted diet was able to control moderate-to-severe hyperthyroidism in most (six out of eight) of the cats by 4 weeks. Cats with highest baseline TT4 took substantially longer before TT4 concentrations normalized, if at all.
Incidence of health care–associated extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive patients before and after discontinuation of contact precautions

Background Isolation of patients with multidrug-resistant organisms has been recommended in several guidelines. Recent evidence has suggested potential negative effects of isolation on patient well-being and facility throughput. Published literature shows a difference in transmission risk of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms, suggesting that contact precautions may not be necessary for all ESBL-positive organisms. Methods Incidence rates of health care–associated ESBL organisms were measured before and after eliminating the use of contact precautions for patients with only ESBL-positive organisms. The National Healthcare Safety Network surveillance methodology was used to measure incidence. Surgical site infections and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were excluded from the surveillance incidence. Results The incidence of health care–associated ESBL infections from January 2014 through November 2015 was 3.71 per 10,000 patient days. The incidence from December 2015 through August 2017 was 3.00 per 10,000 patient days. This rate change was statistically significant (P = .022) Conclusions This study found that discontinuing the use of contact precautions for patients colonized or infected with ESBL-positive organisms did not lead to an increased rate of health care–associated ESBL-positive infections or colonization.
Social Functioning of Childhood Cancer Survivors after Computerized Cognitive Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Childhood cancer survivors are at risk for cognitive and social deficits. Previous findings indicate computerized cognitive training can result in an improvement of cognitive skills. The current objective was to investigate whether these cognitive gains generalize to social functioning benefits. Sixty-eight survivors of childhood cancer were randomly assigned to a computerized cognitive intervention (mean age 12.21 ± 2.47 years, 4.97 ± 3.02 years off-treatment) or waitlist control group (mean age 11.82 ± 2.42 years, 5.04 ± 2.41 years off-treatment). Conners 3 Parent and Self-Report forms were completed pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and six-months post-intervention. Piecewise linear mixed-effects models indicated no significant differences in Peer Relations between groups at baseline and no difference in change between groups from pre- to immediate post-intervention or post- to six-months post-intervention (ps > 0.40). Baseline Family Relations problems were significantly elevated in the control group relative to the intervention group (p 0.80). The study results suggest cognitive gains from computerized training do not generalize to social functioning. Training focused on skill-based social processing (e.g., affect recognition) may be more efficacious.
The Effect of Donor Heart Risk Factors on Cardiac Transplantation

Purpose To examine the effect of common donor risk factors on post heart transplant outcomes. Methods Utilizing the UNOS/SRTR database we identified all adult primary heart transplants after July 1, 2006. Six donor RFs were identified: age > 50, documented coronary disease, smoking history, recent cocaine use, diabetes and hypertension. Donors were categorized by: no RFs, 1 RF, 2 RFs, or 3+ RFs. The groups were compared using an analysis of variance or chi-square test for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan Meier analysis were performed. Results 26,793 heart transplants were identified. The most common donor RF was recent cocaine use. Use of donors with more RFs was associated with older recipients (p Conclusion Donors with more risk factors were associated with slightly worse outcomes following heart transplant. While differences were statistically significant, careful selection of both recipients and donors with risk factors at appropriate centers may increase utilization of donor hearts.
Understanding of Multiple Resistance States by Current-sweep Measurement and Compliance Current Modulation in 2D MoS 2 -based Non-volatile Resistance Switching Devices

Various two-dimensional materials, such as graphene oxide, solution-processed or phase-change transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), degraded black phosphorus and multilayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) [ 1 - 5 ], have been reported to exhibit non-volatile resistance switching (NVRS) phenomenon, in which the resistance can be reversibly switched between a high resistance state (HRS) and a low resistance state (LRS) through external electrical bias and maintained without power supply. Recently, we reported the observation of NVRS in single-layer TMDs and h-BN atomristors (memristor effect in atomically thin nanomaterials) with forming-free characteristic, large on/off current ratio (up to 10 7 ) and fast switching speed (< 15 ns) [ 6 - 8 ]. Here, to investigate the switching mechanisms in the 2D monolayers, we introduced a new electrical characterization method by current sweeping to illustrate the detailed information hidden in the commonly used voltage-sweep curves, showing multiple transition steps in the SET process. Moreover, by varying the SET compliance current in voltage-sweep measurement, multiple resistance states can be obtained with a range of five orders of magnitude. These results provide strong evidence for the previously reported conductive-bridge-like model of 2D atomristors [8] , and enable further applications in multi-bit data storage and analog-like neuromorphic computing.
How Do Students Integrate Multiple Texts? An Investigation of Top-Down Processing.

This study describes an in-depth investigation of students’ integration or connection formation across multiple texts. Students were asked to complete two multiple text tasks, differing in the number of texts that they asked students to connect and the variety of cross-textual connections able to be formed. For each task, students were asked to indicate (e.g., highlight) and explain each connection formed. Students’ connection formation was analyzed in a variety of ways (e.g., number of texts connected, types of connections identified). Across two tasks, students were found (a) to form more evidentiary (i.e., linking specific information supporting main ideas) than thematic (i.e., linking main ideas across texts) connections, (b) to identify more similarities than differences, and (c) to form comparatively low-level, rather than high-level connections, with levels of connection formation distinguished according to the degree of specificity, abstraction, and elaboration that these reflected. Implications for further research and instruction are discussed.
Perception of melodies and triads at high frequencies

Accurate pitch perception is possible for harmonic complex tones with fundamental frequencies (F0s) in the musical range ( 6 kHz). However, it is unknown whether this basic pitch perception supports multiple simultaneous pitch perception. To address this, we measured (1) melody discrimination with and without a complex-tone masker and (2) major-minor discrimination for triads and arpeggios composed of complex tones with low (∼280 Hz) or high (∼1400 Hz) F0s. The tones were filtered to ensure that in high-F0 conditions only harmonics beyond the limits of phase locking were audible. Melody perception was poorer for isolated high-F0 tones than for isolated low-F0 tones, although performance was above chance in both cases. Adding a complex-tone masker in the same spectral region degraded performance for low- and high-F0 tones. Listeners could discriminate major and minor triads and arpeggios for low-F0 tones. For high-F0 tones, some listeners could discriminate major and minor arpeggios but none could discriminate major and minor triads. These results will help elucidate whether different mechanisms underlie the perception of combinations of complex tones at low and high frequencies. [Work supported by NIH R01DC005216 and NSF NRT-UtB1734815.]
Conventional hepatic arterial anatomy? Novel findings and insights of a multi-disciplinary hepatic arterial infusion pump program.

Abstract Introduction Variant hepatic arterial anatomy (vHAA) is thought to occur in 20–30% of patients. Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) pump placement for liver cancers requires thorough hepatic artery dissection; we sought to compare vHAA identified during pump placement with established dogma. Methods Between 2016 and 2020, n = 30 patients received a HAI pump. Intra-operatively identified vHAA was characterized and compared with published data. Results vHAA was identified in 60% (n = 18) of patients, significantly higher than 19% (3671 of 19013) in the largest published series (P Discussion Meticulous operative dissection of the hepatic arterial tree reveals vHAA not captured by imaging or cadaveric dissection. vHAA likely has a higher prevalence than previously reported and should be addressed to optimize therapeutic efficacy of HAI pump therapy.
Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) survey of experiences with ambulatory healthcare for Asians and non-Hispanic Whites in the United States

Differences in experiences of care reported by Asian Americans (Asians) compared to non-Hispanic Whites (Whites) may be due to lack of measurement invariance. We evaluated the three-factor structure and the equivalence of responses to the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) Clinical and Group (CG-CAHPS) Adult Visit Survey 1.0 and compared care experiences of Asians and Whites. Thirteen questions were used to elicit reports about specific aspects of care and two questions assessed overall care perceptions. This analysis of the CAHPS database included 769 providers and 266,327 respondents. Most surveys (98%) were administered by mail and the rest (2%) by phone. Only 0.5% of the surveys were administered in Spanish. The sample was 64% female, 89% White and 2% Asian, 39% 65 years or older, and 32% were high school graduates or less. A three-factor model was supported by categorical confirmatory factor analysis using weighted least squares with mean and variance adjustment: confirmatory fit index (CFI) = 0.99 and root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.03). A multi-group configural invariance model also fit the data well: (CFI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.031). Regression models indicated that Asians reported worse access, lower scores on office staff courtesy and helpfulness and rating their doctors and were less likely to recommend their doctors to family/friends than did Whites. Use of the CG-CAHPS Adult Visit Survey 1.0 to assess perceptions of care by Asians and Whites is supported. Quality improvement efforts are needed to address worse experiences of care among Asians in the United States.
Public Nuisance Law When Politics Fails

Public nuisance lawsuits provide a vehicle for litigants to address public problems that legislatures and agencies have sidestepped. The courts have generally rejected such suits, directing litigants back to the very legislatures and agencies that allowed the problems to fester in the first place. This article proposes a normative framework for judges to evaluate public nuisance claims, balancing democratic legitimacy, technical competency, and the magnitude of the harm. This approach has several important implications, including that courts should stop avoiding reaching the merits of nuisance claims by relying on preemption and abstention doctrines, as they have done with recent claims involving Covid-19, interstate air pollution, and climate change. Another implication is that, contrary to leading commentators and some courts, public nuisance liability sometimes should encompass the manufacturing and distribution of products that result in health crises, such as the opioid addiction crisis. Public nuisance law is not a panacea, but it can play a constructive role in dealing with public harm when politics fails.