cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Moral Outrage: Territoriality in Human Guise

Moral outrage is a response to the behavior of others, never one's own. It is a response to infringements or transgressions on what people perceive to be the immunities they, or others with whom they identify, can expect on the basis of their rights and privileges and what they understand to be their reasonnable expectations regarding the behavior of others. A person's culturally defined social identities and the rights and privileges that go with them in relationships to which those identities can be party make up the contents of that person's social persona and also constitute that person's social territory. Infringements of rights and privileges in the social and symbolic worlds in which human live are the equivalent of encroachments on territory among animals, and moral outrage can be understood as the human expression of what we perceive as territorial behavior in animals. As emotion, outrage is affected by such clinical processes as displacement, rationalization, projection, and reaction formation. Outrage has an essential role in the maintenance of viable social groups, but it also exacerbates conflict among people who perceive one another as others
Causes of oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease

Oxidative stress is one of the earliest events of Alzheimer disease (AD), with implications as an important mediator in the onset, progression and pathogenesis of the disease. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its consequent cellular damage/response contributes to much of the hallmark AD pathology seen in susceptible neurons. The sources of ROS-mediated damage appear to be multi-faceted in AD, with interactions between abnormal mitochondria, redox transition metals, and other factors. In this review, we provide an overview of these potential causes of oxidative stress in AD.
Techniques for pollution monitoring in remote sites: I. Near real-time rainfall pH and depth

A flow-through system for in situ, near real-time, sequential measurements of rainfall pH and depth was developed for monitoring of precipitation in sites lacking electric power. The system is easily fabricated from readily available instruments and materials, portable, relatively inexpensive and requires minimal maintenance. It also operates independently of AC power making it ideal for use in remote areas. Initial field testing of this system on Camels Hump, Vermont, took place over the period of July to August 1990, during which twenty-seven individual storm events were monitored. The system proved to be robust and reliable, providing rainfall pH and depth information with high (programmable) temporal resolution for unattended periods of up to a week.
Deformation Mechanisms in Nanocrystalline Materials

As a result of recent investigations on nanocrystalline (nc) materials, extensive experimental data on the deformation behavior of these materials have become available. In this article, an analysis of these data was performed to identify the requirements that a viable deformation mechanism should meet in terms of accounting for the mechanical characteristics and trends that are revealed by the data. The results of the analysis show that a viable deformation mechanism is required to account for the following: (1) an activation volume the value of which is in the range 10 to 40 b 3; (2) an activation energy that is close to the activation energy for boundary diffusion but that decreases with increasing applied stress; (3) the magnitudes of deformation rates that cover wide ranges of temperatures, stresses, and grain sizes; (4) inverse Hall–Petch behavior; and (5) limited ductility. The validity of available deformation mechanisms for nc materials is closely examined in the light of these requirements.
Calcineurin and the Heartbeat, an Evolving Story

Studies by Molkentin et al. provided the first evidThe role of calcineurin in cardiac hyptertrophy has been a hot topic of research and has generated a ence that ‘‘Calcineurin’’ a Ca/calmodulin dependent protein phosphatase when expressed at great deal of interest towards understanding signaling pathways in cardiac muscle. Calcineurin high levels can elicit cardiac hypertrophy both in vivo in TG mouse moddels and in vitro in cardiac (PP2B) was originally identified in extracts of mammalian brain as a serine/threonine phosphatase. It myocytes. This landmark publication presented a new paradigm that stimulated lots of new research. is composed of a 50 to 63 KDa catalytic subunit, also referred as calcineurin A and it is associated But, this work has also generated controversy and debate when they reported that inhibition of calwith a 19 KDa–calcium binding protein, namely calcineurin-B. The enzyme gets activated when cineurin activity by cyclosporin A and FK506 can attenuate cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Soon, calmodulin binding displaces the C terminal auto inhibitory domain within the catalytic domain. other studies followed questioning the role of cyclosporin as a therapeutic agent to treat cardiac hyperSince its discovery, calcineurin has been implicated as a key signaling molecule in many cell types trophy. In some studies ‘‘cyclosporin’’ was found to be toxic and did not reverse the hypertrophic notably lymphocytes, neurons, cardiac and skeletal muscle. The mechanism of calcineurin signaling phenotype. This controversy continues and scientists on both sides agree that the drug studies was first established in T-cells by Crabtree and colleagues in T-lymphocytes. These pioneering are difficult to compare from one laboratory to another because of variations in dose, treatment studies showed that T-cell receptor activation increased intracellular Ca and resulted in the acprocedures and models. Cyclosporin will not be the drug of choice to treat human cardiac hypertrophy/ tivation of calcineurin. Calcineurin was shown to dephosphorylate NFAT, a transcription factor, heart failure because of its many side effects. There has been new evidence that inhibition of which upon dephosphorylation translocates to the nucleus and interacts with gene promoters, incalcineurin phosphatase with non-pharmacological protein inhibitors can attenuate cardiac hypercluding the cytokine genes, resulting in T-cell growth. trophy. Recently the studies of Rothermel et al. and De Windt et al. have used protein inhibitors and transgenic approaches to inhibit calcineurin activity. De Windt et al. targeted the expression
Reproduction in Laboratory Stocks of Pleuroxus (Chydoridae, Cladocera) Under the Influence of Photoperiod and Light Intensity

The effects of photoperiod and light intensity on the reproduction of laboratory populations of three species in Pleuroxus from different geographic origins were determined statistically. There were highly significant differences in the numbers of gamogenetic individuals produced between the populations at different photoperiods but not at different light intensities. More males than ephippial females appeared at long-day photoperiods. Pleuroxus denticulatus stocks showed greater variation of gamogenetic response to photoperiod and geographic origin suggesting that local populations have evolved different reproductive patterns to meet the major environmental stresses of the region.
Chlorine nuclear quadrupole resonance in TbCl3, RuCl3, UCl4 and KMnCl3☆

Abstract Nuclear quadrupole resonance has been observed in polycrystalline samples of 4 compounds at 77°K. Comparisons with other similar compounds are made.
10 Multifetal pregnancy reduction

Multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) has become a mainstay of infertility therapy as its development has allowed physicians to become more aggressive in treating patients resistant to more conservative therapies. Over the course of the past decade, MFPR has become practised in a limited number of tertiary specialty centres, which have improved its performance and very substantially lowered its risks. The majority of physicians performing MFPR employ a transabdominal needle injection of potassium chloride into the fetal thorax. Risks for pregnancy losses of patients starting with triplets and/or quadruplets reduced to twins have improved over the past decade and are not substantially different from those in patients whose pregnancy began as twins. There have been no substantiated risks of coagulopathies or damage to surviving fetuses.
Conquest of the band structure of semiconductors

Abstract Manuel Cardona's work on the electronic structure of semiconductors in the 1960s is reviewed in the context of the general development of the field.
Octahedral inclusions showing evidence of crystallinity in Czochralski silicon

Abstract Jet etched transmission electron microscope specimens of experimentally grown Czochralski silicon reveal small (10 nm) structures which have weak strain fields, and octahedral facets along silicon {111}. The structures appear darker in brightfield than the silicon matrix when viewed under kinematic conditions, suggesting higher mass densities. Finally, they show moire-like (i.e. electron-energy independent) fringes and diffraction spots which imply orthogonal 0.203± 0.004 nm lattice spacings preferentially parallel to silicon matrix {220} planes, but with some (e.g. several degree of) orientation variability. Although oxygen is the primary impurity available in the lattice for precipitation, these spacings are not consistent with known orientations of crystalline oxide in silicon. Hence the defects represent either (A) a new type of crystalline precipitate in silicon or (B) a class of non-crystalline defects which diffract.
Fractional tensor products and P & M maps

Fractional P & M maps are constructed in a framework of harmonic analysis, linking fractional projective tensor algegras to algebras of absolutely convergent Fourier series.
Multiple idiopathic root resorption

Abstract Resorption of individual teeth is a common phenomenon, but there are few reported cases of multiple idiopathic root resorption. This article reports progressive root resorption in two female patients. The resorptive process begins in the area of the cementoenamel junction of vital teeth and progressively involves all or nearly all of the teeth. Historical information, clinical laboratory examinations, and histologic study plus a search of the literature have failed to reveal or suggest the etiology of this pathologic condition.
An examination of end-user types

Abstract An empirical study is presented; it verifies that types of computer end users differ significantly with respect to system usage and dependency. The differences are shown to exist even when controlling for differences in attitudes towards EUC, organizational support, end-user training, and demographics. The results suggest that existing structural models for end-user computing should be refined to take these differences among end users into account.
SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION BY PHENYLGLYOXAL OF CLOSTRIDIUM SPOROGENES-INOCULATED VACUUM-PACKAGED GROUND BEEF

Phenylglyoxal (PG), an aromatic α-dicarbonyl, is used in a variety of industrial, medical, and biological research applications. The compound delays spore germination and inhibits vegetative cells of both aerobic and anaerobic sporeforming bacteria, interacts with several critical bacterial growth factors, and is structurally similar to a number of approved food flavoring agents. Previous research demonstrated inhibitory activity against Clostridium sporogenes in model systems. Therefore, we investigated the shelf-life enhancing effectiveness of PG in C. sporogenes-inoculated vacuum-packaged ground beef at 32C. During extended incubation under temperature abuse conditions, PG delayed undesirable color changes and prevented organoleptic spoilage. Five μg PG/g inhibited proteolysis, while 156 μg PG/g delayed conversion of myoglobin to metmyoglobin, prevented H2S production, maintained product quality and texture for 25 days, and reduced thermal resistance of C. sporogenes spores at 90C. The observed activity of PG suggests that similar activity might be found with currently approved α-dicarbonyls. Furthermore, the compound's effect on thermal resistance may serve as an example of compounds that could be used to reduce thermal processing requirements of heat-sensitive and/or minimally processed foods.
Streets, sidewalks, stores, and stories : Narrative and uses of urban space

This article is an interpretive ethnography of young people's uses of spaces in Ybor City, a National Historic Landmark District in Tampa, Florida. The analysis focuses particularly on a record store popular with young people. The author seeks to understand why it and other places attract particular groups of people and to discern the character of the public life generated by the ways people occupy such spaces. The narrative quality of spaces is crucial to understanding why people choose to gather in them and also suggests something about the tenor of public life in contemporary America. People are attracted to narrative spaces that in their ambiguity offer the possibility of an interactive public life, yet when people gather in those spaces, they often merely congregate into separate “lifestyle enclaves” and display their difference from other groups.
Efficient evaluation of the molecular auxiliary function Bn by downward recursion

It is known that the molecular auxiliary function Bn(q) can be generated stably by downward recurrence for the range n > |q|, but doing so requires a starting value of BN, where N is the largest n value needed. The question of the choice of upward vs. downward recursion is revisited. Then, it is shown that by writing BN(q) in terms of incomplete gamma functions and introducing an asymptotic expansion for the latter the necessary starting values can be obtained far more rapidly than heretofore for a significant range of |q| and N. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004
Adolescent Summer Care Arrangements and Risk for Obesity the Following School Year

Abstract This longitudinal study identified common summer care arrangements for adolescents and examined whether those arrangements predicted risk for obesity (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile for age and gender) the following school year. Participants were a nationally representative sample of 1766 adolescents ages 10–18 from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics–Child Development Supplement. Results showed that, beyond measures of BMI taken before the summer and several demographic aspects known to predict obesity, youth whose summer arrangements involved regular participation in organized activities (e.g., sports) showed significantly lower risk for obesity than other youth. This was most evident during early adolescence. Youth whose regular summer arrangement was predominated by parent care without organized activity participation showed the greatest risk for obesity.
Signal Transmission with Known-Interference Cancellation [Lecture Notes]

This paper outlines some of the main ideas for designing signaling schemes in the presence of a known interference. The paper shows that the straightforward application of conventional methods is ineffective and that while the linear cancellation of the interference using subspace methods is an appealing idea, has clear limitations as well. Quantization-based cancellation of the interference was found to perform very well, and makes it possible to approach fundamental information theoretic limits
A CMOS time measurement system with analog memory for particle physics detectors

A time-to-charge converter with an analog memory unit (TCC/AMU) has been designed and fabricated in HP's 1.2 mu m n-well process. This VLSI chip is intended for the Superconducting Super Collider straw tube detector electronics. The TCC/AMU measures the time interval between the system clock and an asynchronous input, and then gives a digital output representing the time measurement. This initial version of the chip has analog Level 1 and Level 2 storage locations for data sparsification. Two separate fabrication runs resulted in chips that can measure intervals from 8 to 24 ns with approximately 108 ps/LSB resolution. When digital logic is added to count the reference clock, time resolutions of approximately 108 ps could be obtained over time intervals of approximately 1 s. >
Racial differences in hypogonadal improvement and prostate-specific antigen levels in hypogonadal men treated with testosterone replacement therapy.

PURPOSE: To observe hypogonadal men undergoing testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and assess racial differences in hypogonadal improvement and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective analysis, 75 hypogonadal men were followed for an average 34 months after initiating TRT. Total testosterone and PSA levels were assessed every 6 months, and patients diagnosed with prostatitis or prostate cancer during treatment were excluded. RESULTS: For 16 African American men, the average age at diagnosis of hypogonadism was 53.5 years, compared with 57.8 years in 59 Caucasian men (p = NS). Pre- and post-treatment testosterone was 219 ng/dL and 310 ng/dL in African American men, and 247 ng/dL and 497 ng/dL in Caucasian men (p = NS). Symptomatic response was 81% in African American men and 93% in Caucasian men (p = NS). Baseline PSA level was 1.32 ng/mL in African American men and 1.27 ng/mL in Caucasian men, and there was no significant difference in PSA between racial groups at 6-month intervals, although there was a small decreasing trend in the PSA of African Americans compared with Caucasians. CONCLUSIONS: Hypogonadal African American men have a similar normalization of testosterone and symptomatic response as hypogonadal Caucasian men, and PSA levels remain stable over time in both groups. In this hypogonadal cohort, in contrast to studies of eugonadal men, higher PSA levels in African Americans were not observed.
Functional conservation and divergence of intersex , a gene required for female differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster

In Drosophila melanogaster, somatic sexual differentiation is regulated by a well characterized genetic hierarchy, by which the ratio of X chromosomes to autosomes (X:A) ultimately directs the deployment of sex-specific transcription factors encoded by doublesex (dsx) and fruitless (fru). In other dipterans, the X:A ratio is not the primary sex-determination signal. Correspondingly, the Drosophila hierarchy is not fully conserved. In all non-drosophilid fly species examined, Sex-lethal (Sxl), the master switch at the top of the Drosophila hierarchy, does not control somatic sex. This rapid divergence contrasts with the apparently deep conservation of dsx, which in Drosophila controls virtually all aspects of somatic sex except for male courtship behavior (which is controlled by fru). Sex-specific dsx mRNAs have been reported in Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera, and dsx homologs in nematodes and mammals are required for aspects of male differentiation. Thus, it seems that the bottom of the hierarchy is rather ancient, especially compared with the top. To test this, we cloned insect and vertebrate homologs of the Drosophila gene intersex (ix), which functions together with dsx at the bottom of the hierarchy in females. When expressed in D. melanogaster females mutant at the endogenous ix gene, dipteran and lepidopteran ix homologs restore proper sexual differentiation, substantiating the hypothesis that ix, like dsx, is broadly conserved. When the mouse homolog is expressed it produces a dominant-negative phenotype suggesting partial functional divergence. Our results raise the possibility that a functional association between ix- and dsx-related gene products existed before the origin of the bifunctional dsx gene used in insect sex determination.
Using a likelihood perspective to sharpen econometric discourse: Three examples

This paper discusses a number of areas of inference where dissatisfaction by applied workers with the prescriptions of econometric high theory is strong and where a likelihood approach diverges strongly from the mainstream approach in its practical prescriptions. Two of the applied areas are related and have in common that they involve nonstationarity: macroeconomic time-series modeling, and analysis of panel data in the presence of potential nonstationarity. The third area is nonparametric kernel regression methods. The conclusion is that in these areas a likelihood perspective leads to more useful, honest and objective reporting of results and characterization of uncertainty. It also leads to insights not as easily available from the usual perspective on inference.
The influence of maternal triglyceride levels on infant birth weight in Peruvian women with pre-eclampsia.

Objective: Hypertriglyceridemia is an important pathophysiological feature of pre-eclampsia, a complication associated with retarded fetal growth. We studied the relation between third-trimester maternal triglyceride levels and infant birth weight in 113 pre-eclamptic and 150 normotensive women. Methods: Plasma triglyceride concentrations were determined using enzymatic methods. The relative risk of infant low birth weight (LBW, < 2500 g) was determined using logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Approximately 12% of normotensive and 32% of pre-eclamptic mothers delivered LBW infants. After adjusting for maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy adiposity and gestational age at delivery, pre-eclamptics were 2.3 times more likely to deliver a LBW infant as compared with normotensive mothers (95% CI 1.1-5.0). There was no association between plasma triglyceride level and infant birth weight. Pearson correlation coefficients for birth weight and triglycerid...
The Use of Imagent®BP as a Blood Pool Contrast Agent to Visualize and Quantitate Liver Tumor Burden

The accurate quantitation of liver tumor burden and visualization of lesions in three dimensions (3D) can assist in treatment planning and can allow monitoring of therapy. Previous attempts have used CT and standard contrast media. Because the iodinated agents rapidly diffuse into tumors, usually effacing, and at time enhancing tumor edges, they decrease accuracy and make image segmentation difficult. CT portography suffers from flow related artifacts and does not allow the distinction of tumors from hemangiomas. Blood pool contrast is ideal in this setting since it enhances liver, liver vessels and hemangiomas, but not tumors, 'physiologically' splitting the image into normal and abnormal tissues. This ongoing study assesses the feasibility of this technique to visualize tumor and presents a scheme to automatically quantitate tumor volume. It utilized a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model and CT scanning shortly after the infusion of 3 ml/kg perflubron emulsion. Cut sections of the frozen carcass served as gross pathologic correlation. Images were imported onto a Sparc workstation, 3D reformatted and tumor and liver volume calculated. Histograms of pixel intensity clearly separated tumors from liver and liver from surrounding structures allowing the easy demarcation of tumor and liver margins.
Recursive solution of a class of non-product form protocol models

Two classes of non-product-form protocol models where the equilibrium probabilities of state may be computed recursively are described. An algorithm is presented for the computer generation of these recursions. The use of the algorithm is described for manufacturing nets, a class of Petri type networks. These are useful for modeling a linear process where one must wait for components to arrive before one can move to the next step of the process. Aside from the manufacturing context, they are useful for modeling certain communication processes such as multihop radio transmission and layered architecture communications. >
Predicting Grief Symptomatology among the Suddenly Bereaved

Social scientists have long been interested in the study of grief and bereavement, but only recently has research focused on the aftereffects of sudden loss. Theory and research alike suggest that grief is multidimensional and that specific grief reactions have a unique set of predictors. The purpose of this study is to examine the relative contribution of risk factors in explaining variations in specific grief reactions following a sudden death. Data for this study come from medical examiners' reports and mail-back surveys of survivors of sudden loss from suicide or accident. The results indicate that several characteristics of the survivor, mode of death, and social support are important determinants of grief symptomatology. This research concludes by directing future theoretical and empirical endeavors to examine more fully the role of relational factors in influencing grief experiences following bereavement.
Host-Tree-Related Differences in Trap Captures and Electroantennogram Activity of Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

The plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), is a serious pest of stone and pome fruits (Rosaceae) in eastern North America. We recorded captures of adult plum curculios in the field and measured electroantennogram (EAG) activity in the laboratory associated with cultivars of four hosts, ‘Formosa’ Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.), ‘Stanley’ European plum (P. domestica L.), ‘Empire’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), and ‘Loring’ peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch) (Rosaceae) to determine whether hosts that may be attractive to the plum curculio under field conditions also elicit positive EAG responses. Trap captures of adults on ‘Formosa’ plum were significantly greater than on any other host, and corresponding headspace extracts also produced strong EAG responses throughout the active season. ‘Stanley’ plum and ‘Loring’ peach, the other stone-fruit hosts included in the study, elicited strong EAG responses throughout the season, although trap captures associated with these hosts were generally not as high as for ‘Formosa’ plum. Throughout the season, trap captures of adults were significantly lower for ‘Empire’ apple than for ‘Formosa’ plum, and EAG responses were much lower than for all stone-fruit hosts. Our results indicate that volatiles from ‘Formosa’ plum likely contain uniquecompounds or are comprised of ratios of stimulating compounds that make it much more attractive to plum curculio in the field.
Effects of D-cycloserine on cue-induced craving and cigarette smoking among concurrent cocaine- and nicotine-dependent volunteers.

Rates of cigarette smoking are 3- to 4-fold greater among those with cocaine-dependence, and compared to non-users, cocaine users are at greater risk of incurring smoking-related negative health effects and death. The current study examined D-cycloserine's (0 or 50 mg once weekly) effects on 1) extinction of cue-induced craving for cigarettes, 2) cigarette smoking in conjunction with cognitive–behavioral therapy, and 3) safety and tolerability in cocaine-dependent smokers. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, between groups, outpatient study. Participants (N = 29) were concurrent cocaine- and nicotine-dependent volunteers seeking treatment for their cigarette smoking. Study visits were 3 times per week for 4 consecutive weeks. At each visit, participants received cognitive–behavioral therapy for smoking, were exposed to smoking cues. A subset of participants (N = 22) returned for 6-month follow-up visits. While craving decreased, no significant effects of D-cycloserine treatment were observed. Likewise, significant decreases in smoking were observed at study days 6 (p < 0.002) and 12 (p < 0.0001) relative to baseline, although no participants achieved complete abstinence. However, there was no effect of D-cycloserine on cigarette smoking during treatment or at 6-mos follow-up. The treatment was safe and tolerable, with nearly 90% of treatment sessions attended based on an intent-to-treat analysis. While no effects of D-cycloserine on craving or smoking were observed in the current study, the results do suggest that smoking treatment is well accepted and may be effective for cocaine-dependent individuals.
Recent advances in reduction of false positives in computerized detection of polyps in CT colonography

One of the major challenges in computer-aided detection (CADe) of polyps in CT colonography (CTC) is the reduction of false-positive detections (FPs) without a concomitant reduction in sensitivity. Major sources of FPs generated by CADe schemes include haustral folds, residual stool, rectal tubes, the ileocecal valve, and extra-colonic structures such as the small bowel and stomach. A large number of FPs is likely to confound the radiologist's task of image interpretation, lower the radiologist's efficiency, and cause radiologists to lose their confidence in CADe as a useful tool. Therefore, it is important to reduce the number of FPs as much as possible while maintaining a high sensitivity. In this paper, FP reduction techniques used in CADe schemes for detection of polyps in CTC are reviewed.
Post-traumatic headaches correlate with migraine symptoms in youth with concussion.

OBJECTIVE: The term "post-traumatic migraine" (PTM) has been used to describe post-traumatic headaches (PTHs) that have associated migraine features, but studies of this relationship are lacking. The objective of the present study was to determine whether PTH correlates strongly with migraine symptoms among youth with concussion. METHODS: Twenty-three symptoms were analyzed from a retrospective cohort of 1953 pediatric patients with concussion. A principal component analysis (PCA) with oblique Promax rotation was conducted to explore underlying symptom relationships in the full cohort and in subcohorts stratified by the presence (n = 414) or absence (n = 1526) of premorbid headache. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 14.1 years; 63% were male. Headache was the most common postconcussion symptom, acknowledged by 69.4% of patients. When considering the full cohort, the PCA demonstrated clustering of headache with photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, dizziness, and neck pain. Similar clustering was present among patients without premorbid headaches. Repeating the analysis in the patients with preconcussion headaches led to elimination of neck pain from the cluster. CONCLUSIONS: PTH correlates strongly with other migraine symptoms among youth with concussion, regardless of premorbid headaches. This clustering of migraine symptoms supports the existence of PTM as a distinct clinical entity in some patients. Language: en
Identity processes as a predictor of memory beliefs in older adults.

ABSTRACTObjectives: The impact of identity processes (identity assimilation, identity accommodation, and identity balance) on memory beliefs was explored.Method: Individually administered questionnaires (e.g. depressive symptoms, subjective health, identity processes, memory beliefs) and a brief neuropsychological assessment of cognitive abilities were completed during a one-time interview with 82 participants aged 58–92 years-old (M = 74.68, SD = 10.95). Forty (49.4%) identified their race as White/Caucasian, 38 (46.9%) identified their race as Black/African American, and 3 (3.7%) indicated no primary racial/ethnic group.Results: Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that identity processes account for differences in memory beliefs beyond established predictors. Specifically, identity accommodation and identity balance predicted memory self-efficacy beyond depression and subjective health. These findings are congruent with identity process theory; however, the impact of identity assimilation in this ...
Path Planning for Collision Avoidance Maneuver

This paper summarizes the development of an optimal path planning algorithm for collision avoidance maneuver. The goal of the optimal path is to minimize distance to the target vehicle ahead of the host vehicle subject to vehicle and environment constraints. Such path constrained by allowable lateral (centripetal) acceleration and lateral acceleration rate (jerk). Two algorithms with and without lateral jerk limitation, are presented.The algorithms were implemented in Simulink and verified in CarSim. The results indicate that the lateral jerk limitation increases time-to-collision threshold and leads to a larger distance to the target required for emergency lane change. Collision avoidance path without lateral jerk limitation minimizes the distance to the target vehicle and is suitable for path tracking control in real-time application; however tracking such a path requires very aggressive control.Copyright © 2013 by General Motors
If You Build It Will They Come? Does Involving Community Groups in Playground Renovations Affect Park Utilization and Physical Activity?

In a sample of racially, ethnically, and socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods, using a quasi-experimental, prospective, longitudinal study design, we examined whether involvement of community groups in playground design selection, installation, and ongoing maintenance influences park utilization and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) post-playground renovations (N = 78 matched parks, 39 intervention/39control). Parks were matched on size, proximity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. In summer/fall 2013 and 2014, baseline and 12-month follow-up data were collected on park utilization and physical activity, presence and condition of park features, incivilities, programming, and safety. Analyses were conducted using Poisson mixed-effects regression models. Significant increases between baseline and 12-month follow-up were found for park utilization and the number of people engaged in MVPA at the .05 significance level. Study results can provide communities with evidence to ...
Embryo donation: national trends and outcomes, 2000 through 2013

Background Limited published data exist detailing outcomes of donor embryo cycles. Patients and clinicians would benefit from information specific to donor embryo cycles to inform fertility treatment options, counselling, and clinical decision-making. Objective We sought to quantify trends in donor embryo cycles in the United States, to characterize donor embryo recipients, and to report transfer, pregnancy, and birth outcomes of donor embryo transfers. Study Design This retrospective cohort study of frozen donor embryo transfers uses data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National ART Surveillance System to quantify trends in the use of donor embryos and corresponding rates of pregnancy and live birth from 2000 through 2013. For 2007 through 2013, years reflective of current practice, rates of cancellation, pregnancy, miscarriage, live birth, singleton and twin live birth, and delivery of a full-term singleton infant of normal birthweight (≥37 weeks, ≥2500 g) are reported. Results Among all frozen transfers from 2000 through 2013 (n = 391,662), the annual number of donor embryo transfers increased significantly from 332-1374, however the proportion of donor embryo transfers among all frozen transfers did not change significantly (2.3-2.6%). Both overall pregnancy and live birth rates per frozen donor embryo transfer increased significantly (33.3-49.1% and 26.5-40.8%, respectively) ( P Conclusion The increasing availability of donor embryos, low chance of cancellation, and increasing likelihood of achieving live birth can inform consumers and providers who are considering assisted reproductive technology options. Collection of data surrounding donated embryo formation would allow for additional studies that can elucidate predictors of success among donor embryo transfers.
I Am Big, It’s the Pictures That Got Small: Sound Technologies and Franz Waxman’s Scores for Sunset Boulevard (1950) and The Twilight Zone ’s “The Sixteen Millimeter Shrine” (1959)

Franz Waxman composed over 150 film scores, the most famous of which is Billy Wilder’s film noir Sunset Boulevard (1950). The film plot bears a striking resemblance to Rod Serling’s teleplay for The Twilight Zone, “The Sixteen-Millimeter Shrine” (1959). Waxman, composer of the film, was approached to compose a score for a television episode that was what many term a shortened version of Wilder’s film for the small screen, but with supernatural elements. This article serves to remedy the dearth of literature on this topic and to form an examination of the ways that Waxman conceived of music to accompany films with similar themes but on different screens. Through this comparison of the two scores, a clearer picture of Waxman’s approaches to composing music for moving images will be presented.
Identification and Estimation of Treatment Effects in the Presence of Neighbourhood Interactions

This paper presents a parametric counter-factual model identifying Average Treatment Effects (ATEs) by Conditional Mean Independence when externality (or neighbourhood) effects are incorporated within the traditional Rubin’s potential outcome model. As such, it tries to generalize the usual control-function regression, widely used in program evaluation and epidemiology, when SUTVA (i.e. Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumption) is relaxed. As by-product, the paper presents also ntreatreg, an author-written Stata routine for estimating ATEs when social interaction may be present. Finally, an instructional application of the model and of its Stata implementation through two examples (the first on the effect of housing location on crime; the second on the effect of education on fertility), are showed and results compared with a no-interaction setting.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis.

Olefin–olefin metathesis has led to important advances in diverse fields of research, including synthetic chemistry, materials science, and chemical biology. The corresponding carbonyl–olefin metathesis also enables direct carbon–carbon bond formation from readily available precursors, however, currently available synthetic procedures are significantly less advanced. This Synpacts article provides an overview of recent achievements in the field of Lewis acid mediated and Lewis acid catalyzed carbonyl–olefin metathesis reactions. 1 Lewis Acid Mediated Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis 2 Lewis Acid Catalyzed Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis
Precautions and Avoiding Complications

The robotic-assisted surgery platform has several potentially promising benefits. In addition to the learning curve to become proficient at using this platform, there are a list of precautions and operating procedures related to its use. There are also practical issues as well that surgeons should be aware of, which is the purpose of this discussion. Surgeons who are knowledgeable regarding its use, who are aware of potential pitfalls, and understand basic troubleshooting will best maximize the benefits of the robot.
Neurosurgical management of brain metastases

Brain metastases present a significant public health issue, affecting more than 100,000 patients per year in the U.S. and result in significant morbidity. Brain metastases can occur in a variety of clinical situations ranging from multiple brain metastases with uncontrolled systemic disease to a solitary metastasis in the setting of controlled systemic disease. Additionally, advances in genomics have broadened the opportunities for targeted treatment options and potentially more durable systemic responses. As such, the treatment of brain metastases is now more tailored and multimodal, involving systemic, radiation, and surgical therapies, often in combination. This review discusses the historical and current role of neurosurgical techniques in the treatment of brain metastases.
Female genital mutilation de-infibulation: antenatal or intrapartum?

Abstract Women who have had female genital mutilation (FGM) often experience adverse short and long term health effects. Owing to increasing international migration FGM has become a global concern. Health professionals involved in the care of these women need to be aware of the complications that it may present during labour as well as the sensitivity of the matter. This review summarises the studies available looking into the ideal time for deinfibulation.
A FORTRAN Program to Generate Fractional Factorial Experiments

A FORTRAN program is presented for which a prime p (p between 2 and 7) will search for and generate a pn-m fractional factorial experiment where the desired estimable effects are specified.
D ai Zhen on Human Nature and Moral Cultivation

Dai Zhen 戴震 (1724–1777) was a prominent philosopher in the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) and a highly influential critic of orthodox Neo-Confucian philosophy. The heart of his philosophical project was to restore feelings and sophisticated faculties of judgment to their proper place in moral cultivation and action. He argued for a more robust form of moral deliberation, one which gives greater deference to both cognitive and affective capacities, and which requires us to examine and often reconsider our spontaneous moral intuitions. He also aimed to broaden the scope of desires that could play a legitimate role in a good and virtuous life. Dai used his considerable philological skills to demonstrate (convincingly, for many) that his Neo-Confucian predecessors had read the Confucian classics through Daoist and Buddhist lenses, which he faulted for many of the errors he found in their moral thought.
Who believes in astrology?: Effect of favorableness of astrologically derived personality descriptions on acceptance of astrology

Participants judged contemporary personality descriptions of odd-numbered astrological Sun signs to be more favorable than descriptions of even-numbered signs. Those born with the Sun in an odd-numbered sign expressed more belief in astrology than those born under an even-numbered Sun sign. These findings suggest that one determinant of acceptance of astrology is the favorableness of the character analysis it offers. Implications for previous research on belief in astrology are discussed.
Estrogens I: Estrogens and Their Conjugates

Estrogens are naturally occurring steroid hormones produced by the ovaries and central nervous system that are responsible for various physiological activities in the human body, including development, bone density, cardiovascular health, and reproduction. Their synthetic mimics are also utilized as therapeutics to treat a variety of conditions, including cancer, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, and prevention of pregnancy. Estrogens and certain compounds that mimic estrogen's activities have been implicated in the development of endometrial and breast carcinoma, gallbladder disease, and abnormal blood clotting in humans.
Abstract 17097: M2 Macrophage Polarization Promotes Neovascularization in vivo

Following myocardial infarction (MI), resident and recruited macrophages remove necrotic and apoptotic cells, secrete cytokines, and modulate angiogenesis at the infarct site. In response to microe...
Deep PDS-Learning for Privacy-Aware Offloading in MEC-Enabled IoT

The rapid uptake of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices imposes an unprecedented pressure for data communication and processing on the backbone network and the central cloud infrastructure. To overcome this issue, the recently advocated mobile-edge computing (MEC)-enabled IoT is promising. Meanwhile, driven by the growing social awareness of privacy, significant research efforts have been devoted to relevant issues in IoT; however, most of them mainly focus on the conventional cloud-based IoT. In this paper, a new privacy vulnerability caused by the wireless offloading feature of MEC-enabled IoT is identified. To address this vulnerability, an effective privacy-aware offloading scheme is developed based on a newly proposed deep post-decision state (PDS)-learning algorithm. By exploiting extra prior information, the proposed deep PDS-learning algorithm allows the IoT devices to learn a good privacy-aware offloading strategy much faster than the conventional deep ${Q}$ -network. Theoretic analysis and numerical results are provided to corroborate the correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Limited Inductive Photoperiod Affects Herbaceous Perennials Grown Under Nursery Conditions in the Southern United States

Abstract A study was conducted to determine if limited inductive photoperiod (LIP) initiated in late winter could be used to control stem elongation in ‘Goldsturm’ coneflower (Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Go...
Systems thinking as a pathway to global warming beliefs and attitudes through an ecological worldview

Prior research has found that systems thinking, the tendency to perceive phenomena as interconnected and dynamic, is associated with a general proenvironmental orientation. However, less is known about its relationship with public understanding of climate change and/or whether this relationship varies across people with different political views. Because climate change is a highly politicized issue, it is also important to understand the extent to which systems thinking can foster acceptance of climate science across political lines. Using an online sample of US adults (n = 1,058), we tested the degree to which systems thinking predicts global warming beliefs and attitudes (e.g., believing that global warming is happening, that it is human-caused, etc.), independent of an ecological worldview (i.e., the New Ecological Paradigm). We found that although systems thinking is positively related to global warming beliefs and attitudes, the relationships are almost fully explained by an ecological worldview. Indirect effects of systems thinking are consistently strong across political ideologies and party affiliations, although slightly stronger for conservatives and Republicans than for liberals and Democrats, respectively. We did not find evidence of the converse: Systems thinking does not seem to mediate the relationship between an ecological worldview and global warming beliefs and attitudes. Together, these findings suggest that systems thinking may support the adoption of global warming beliefs and attitudes indirectly by helping to develop an ecological ethic that people should take care of and not abuse the environment.
A Research Plan to Discover Patterns of Unknown Vulnerabilities Associated with Adopting SysML

Much has been written about the expected benefits of adopting model-based systems engineering (MBSE), integrated modelling, and, more recently, digital twins. Among others, some of those expected benefits include better communication, earlier verification and validation cycles, and predictive analytics to anticipate and overcome unforeseen operational problems. However, research has not studied if relying on such a central, core model can also create negative unintended consequences. As the systems engineering community develops the techniques and tools to adopt such methodologies, it is essential to discover and overcome their unintended consequences. In order to contribute to this area, this paper presents a plan to study if SysML inherently creates patterns of unknown vulnerabilities, once the systems it models are realized.