cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Access to Library Resources for Clinical/Adjunct Faculty: A License-Driven Model

Clinical/adjunct faculty (also referred to as preceptors) present a unique challenge to academic health sciences libraries, often having appointments that are considered to be affiliates rather than employees as well as having access to resources via their own institution's library. This article presents the experience of the George T. Harrell Health Sciences Library, Penn State Hershey, in providing access to resources for this user group, including a targeted web presence, licensing, and management issues.
Congenital Heart Defects and Indices of Fetal Cerebral Growth in a Nationwide Cohort of 924 422 Liveborn Infants.

Background—Neurodevelopmental disorders are the most common and distressful comorbidities associated with congenital heart defects (CHD). Head circumference at birth (HC), a proxy for prenatal cere...
Basil of Caesarea, Didymus The Blind, and The Anti-Pneumatomachian Exegesis of Amos 4:13 and John 1:3

Recent scholarship has increasingly questioned the traditional assumption that Athanasius of Alexandria was a major influence upon Basil of Caesarea. This study seeks to make a concrete contribution to this debate by suggesting that Basil's anti-pneumatomachian exegesis of Amos 4:13 and John 1:3 was influenced by Didymus the Blind rather than by Athanasius. It begins by demonstrating four parallels in the exegesis of these two verses between Basil's Against Eunomius and Didymus' On the Holy Spirit, and that they are not due to a common use of Athanasius. After ruling out other possible sources for Basil, it next argues that these parallels are best interpreted as indicating that Basil was influenced by Didymus rather than vice versa. If this thesis is correct, Didymus' On the Holy Spirit needs to be dated to the late 350s or early 360s (much earlier than the date of the 370s advocated in recent scholarship), and it should prompt a reassessment of Basil's sources and theological development.
Longitudinal investigation of exposure to arsenic, cadmium, chromium and lead via beverage consumption.

Longitudinal investigation of exposure to arsenic, cadmium, chromium and lead via beverage consumption
Assessing the Legitimacy of Competence to Stand Trial in Juvenile Court: The Practice of CST With and Without Statutory Law

The requirement that juveniles be competent to stand trial prior to adjudication in juvenile court has only recently been solidified via case law and/or statutory law. It is currently unclear as to...
Preventing the development of acute cor pulmonale in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: the first step.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical condition characterized by acute hypoxemic respiratory failure that is associated with substantial mortality even 40 years since it was first described. Although hypoxemia appears to be the most conspicuous abnormality noticed with this condition, it isn’t the most common cause of death.
309 HORMONAL CONTROL OF AQUAPORIN 2 REQUIRES ADVANCED TUBULAR STRUCTURES IN AVIAN KIDNEYS.

Purpose To determine the effects of water deprivation and vasotocin (AVT, avian ADH) treatment on the regulation of quail aquaporin 2 (qAQP2) mRNA expressions in looped (advanced) and loopless (primitive) nephrons of adult quail kidneys. Introduction Birds and mammals are the only vertebrates that can concentrate urine. Avian kidneys contain both primitive loopless (mainly found in the cortical regions) and more advanced looped (found in the medullary regions) nephrons. Only the looped nephrons can produce hyperosmolar urine. We have previously identified an AQP2 homologue in quail kidney with ˜77% homology to rat AQP2. Immunoreactive qAQP2 is expressed on the apical side of the collecting ducts (CD) in both cortical and medullary regions and is enhanced by dehydration and AVT only in medullary CDs, suggesting that the regulatory role of AVT in water transport may have evolved in looped nephrons. Methods Sexually matured quails at 6 weeks old were examined in 4 groups (n = 10-12) as follows: (1) normal hydration (C); (2) vasotocin treated (V) (50 ng/kg/d, by subcutaneous mini-pump, 72 h); (3) water deprived (WD) for 72 h; (4) WD plus V as above. RNA in both cortical and medullary regions (normalized with 18S) was measured by real-time PCR after reverse transcription. Results In all groups, qAQP2 mRNA levels are higher (3.6 to 4.7 times) in the medulla than cortex. Differences in mean (6 SE) qAQP2 mRNA quantities in cortex among the groups are not significant; C (0.19 6 0.06), V (0.16 6 0.05), WD (0.37 6 0.05), and WD plus V (0.34 6 0.11). Mean qAQP2 mRNA levels are significantly higher (p Conclusions The results suggest that qAQP2 expressions are higher in medullary regions with the looped nephrons. Advanced tubular structures may be required for water control by ADH-axis via AQP2 expressions in avian kidneys.
Breeding of Fine Grain Quality CMS Line Xingcheng A in Rice

Xingcheng A,developed by crossing a single plant of(Zhenshan 97B/Jin23B∥Feigai B/V20B) F4 to Zao cy-5,an early indica variety with fine grain quality,then the elite plants of their F3 generation selected to testcross with Jin 23A,a widely-used WA-type CMS line,and the single plants in their filial male sterile lines chosen to backcross continuously with their corresponding paternal plants,is a new CMS line with fine grain quality in rice.It was certified by Hunan Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in February,2007.Xingcheng A shows uniformity in agronomic characters,good plant type,complete and stable male sterility,good flowering habits and a high outcrossing rate,good restorability,strong heterosis in grain yield,fine grain quality,and relatively high disease and stress resistances.It is favorable to be used as a parent to make heterotic hybrids with good grain quality in hybrid rice breeding programs.
Fetal Origins of Cognitive Disorder in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Advanced in medical and surgical management have led to reduce mortality in children with congenital heart disease(CHD).However,more recent and ongoing research had been focused on neurodevelopmental outcome.With the improved survival in children follo-wing surgery for cardiac malformations,increased emphasis had being placed on neurological sequelae,especially on cognitive function.Car-diac surgery couldn't correct cognitive disorder,more and more findings suggested that the cognitive disorder of CHD might be the result of utero injury.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2009,24(1):61-64
Optimizing time-limited price promotions

Prior research involving promotional response models has largely overlooked the impact of time limits on customer response. We address this issue by developing a price-promotion model in which time limits are conceptualized not only in terms of their effects on customer awareness but also customer urgency. Further, the proposed model incorporates recent insights from behavioral research which indicates that time limits can either enhance or diminish the effects of discount incentives. A key advantage of our approach is that it places minimal demands on managers’ resources, while also leveraging their unique knowledge of the market. In collaboration with an online retailer who frequently uses price promotions, we examine a real-world promotion and illustrate the insights facilitated by the model. In this empirical context, urgency declines with longer time limits but it does so less steeply when accompanied by larger discounts. Additionally, the managers learned that they tend to use time limits that are too long and discounts that are too small, resulting in foregone profits. We conclude by demonstrating the value of sensitivity analyses for understanding how profits can vary with changes in the environment and with differences in the accuracy of managers’ knowledge about customer responsiveness.
Diurnal cortisol after early institutional care-Age matters.

Abstract Several studies have shown that young children who have experienced early caregiving adversity (e.g. previously institutionalization (PI)) exhibit flattened diurnal cortisol slopes; however, less is known about how these patterns might differ between children and adolescents, since the transition between childhood and adolescence is a time of purported plasticity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. PI youth experience a massive improvement in caregiving environment once adopted into families; therefore we anticipated that a developmental increase in HPA axis plasticity during adolescence might additionally allow for an enhanced enrichment effect by the adoptive family. In a cross-sectional sample of 197 youths (PI and Comparison; 4–15 years old) we observed age-related group differences in diurnal slope. First replicating previous findings, PI children exhibited flattened diurnal slope. This group difference, however, was not observed in adolescents. Moderation analyses showed that pubertal development, increased time with family, and early adoption contributed to the steeper diurnal cortisol slope in PI adolescents. These findings add support to existing theories positing that the transition between middle childhood and adolescence may mark an additional sensitive period for diurnal cortisol patterning, allowing PI youth to benefit from the enriched environment provided by adoptive parents during this period of development.
Epizootiology and Microbial Control

The microsporidia are among the most common pathogens found infecting insects under natural field conditions. This is increasingly evident as greater numbers of insect pathologists become acquainted with these obligatory minute pathogens. Their numbers and those of susceptible insect hosts have increased significantly during the past decade, especially where extensive studies with specific groups of insects, e.g., mosquitoes, have been conducted in search of promising pathogens for use in microbial control.
Yellen, Guidance, and the Exit Strategy

Five years into the tepid recovery following the global financial crisis, the Fed was "tapering" its quantitative easing policy. When should it take another step toward normalizing U.S. monetary policy by greatly reducing its holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds? Federal Reserve Board Chair Janet Yellen faced this question in summer 2014, even as she was concerned that the U.S. economy was still on a weak footing. Suitable for both core and elective MBA courses in global financial markets and international finance, this case examines the risks associated with a policy some would consider monetizing the budget deficit. Students consider the factors behind past, current, and prospective levels of U.S. long-term interest rates.This case was written as an updated version of “Bernanke's Dilemma” (GEM-0111) and may be used in its place. Excerpt UVA-GEM-0121 Jun. 9, 2014 Yellen, guidance, and The Exit Strategy [N]o central bank anywhere on the planet…has the experience of successfully navigating a return home from the place in which we now find ourselves. No central bank—not, at least, the Federal Reserve—has ever been on this cruise before. —Richard W. Fisher, President and CEO, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Confused Delivery Distracts from Fed's Main Message . . .
Update on the Renal Effects of Anticancer Agents

Anticancer drug nephrotoxicity is a common problem encountered by the nephrologist. The number of drugs causing acute and chronic kidney injury as well as electrolyte and acid-base disturbances has...
Seed-associated fungi in the alpine tundra: Both mutualists and pathogens could impact plant recruitment

Abstract Seed-borne microbes are important pathogens and mutualists in agricultural crops but are understudied in natural systems. To understand the diversity and function of seed-borne fungi in alpine tundra, we cultured fungi from seeds of six dominant plant species prior to seed dispersal and evaluated their function using germination experiments in Zea mays. A total of 55 fungal cultures (9 species) were isolated with up to 4 genera per plant species. Dominant orders included Pleosporales and Hypocreales. Sixty-six percent of the isolates showed pathogenic effects. The most common genus was Alternaria which had a negative effect on both seed germination and plant growth. Cladosporium was only isolated from the two dominant plant species and showed positive effects on germination and plant growth. The high number of pathogenic fungi found coupled with the variation in seed endophytic communities among plant species suggests that seed-associated fungi could affect community composition through differential seedling recruitment.
Compact and voltage-scalable sensor for accurate thermal sensing in dynamic thermal management

Today's microprocessors and Systems-on-Chip are thermally limited. Many, therefore, employ dynamic thermal management (DTM) to maximize performance under a reliability constraint. Accurate thermal monitoring is critical as temperature underestimation can hurt reliability by excessively aging devices and overestimation can hurt performance by unnecessarily throttling computing components. Placing temperature sensors close to potential hotspots can help accuracy, but it is non-trivial as hotspots often form inside digital blocks consisting of densely placed digital cells. Large sensors can disrupt cell placement thereby increasing wire lengths and circuit delays. Furthermore, the sensor needs to operate from the same digital power grid as the circuit, one that can be scaled down to near-threshold regime via dynamic voltage scaling. Absent this ability, a separate power grid and dedicated supply voltage for the sensors further increases area overhead. In this paper, we present a sensor circuit that is compact and deeply voltage-scalable and can be embedded among digital cells with little disruption. Simulation results show that it achieves a comparable accuracy to other compact sensor circuits for DTM.
Virtual H&E whole-mount fluorescence histology of the entire prostate surface for real-time surgical guidance

We demonstrate the first fluorescent virtual-H&E of the entire surface of an intact radical prostatectomy margin via DRAQ5 and Eosin imaging with VR-SIM. We also confirm that D&E does not affect clinical downstream fluorescent assays.
Body mass index (BMI) adjusted 18F-FDG dose to reduce radiation exposure

92 Objectives The quality of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) images is highly influenced by body morphology. We hypothesized that the calculation of administered FDG activity according to the BMI would deliver a morphology adjusted dose and potentially reduce the radiation exposure and cost. Prospectively, BMI adjusted dosing using empirical formula (FDG dose (mCi) = BMI/3) was tested against weight-adjusted dosing (0.15 mCi/Kg). Methods Ten adult oncologic subjects (age 55.3±11.2 yrs, weight 85.0±14.4 kg), underwent a repeat research BMI-based FDG dosing PET-CT scan within 7 days of weight-based scan. Subjects on chemotherapy or radiation therapy or with liver mean standardized uptake value (SUV) outside the normal range (1.5-4.0) were not included in the study. The scans were evaluated and compared both qualitatively (two board certified nuclear medicine physicians blindly evaluated the diagnostic quality of the research scans compared to the baseline scans) and quantitatively, by calculating SUV and noise equivalent counts (NEC). Results A total of 59 FDG-avid lesions were analyzed. There was no qualitative difference in lesion-detectability between baseline and research scans, with complete concordance among the two observers. There was a 32% reduction in average administered dose from 13.1±1.9 mCi on the baseline scan to 8.9±1.2 mCi on the research scan. Maximal lesion SUV [4.0±1.8 vs 4.2±1.9], and mean liver SUV [2.2±0.6 vs 2.1±0.4] was not significantly different between baseline and research scans (p=ns). Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference in NEC between the two scans, suggesting essentially similar image quality. Conclusions BMI-based 18F-FDG dose calculation is a preferable approach to deliver adjusted FDG activity according to the subject’s attenuation profile, and potentially reduce the radiation exposure and cost.
The Future of the Attorney-Client Privilege in Corporate Criminal Investigations

This manuscript discusses how the Department of Justice (DOJ) has viewed waiver of the attorney-client privilege as an important factor evidencing cooperation when determining whether to enter non-prosecution or deferred prosecution agreements with firms allegedly involved in criminal activities. It further discusses recent changes to the DOJ's guidelines, purporting to take waiver out of the equation in deciding whether to prosecute. Questions remain as to whether the corporate attorney-client privilege is a relic of the past or whether the new guidelines, issued in August, 2008, have indeed restored the privilege to firms under federal investigation.
Least Squares Approximation

We consider two variable quantities x and y. We make n simultaneous measurements of both quantities and obtain n pairs of values: x1, y1, x2, y2, ..., x n , y n , and we call the corresponding points (x1, y1), ..., (x n , y n ) in the xy plane the data points.
Considering Pluralism Through the Lens of Integral Research

Individuals in a pluralist society are actively engaged with diversity, seek a true understanding of differences, are diligent in including varying perspectives, value engagement with one another, and are committed to ongoing, constructive dialogue (Eck, D., From diversity to pluralism. The Pluralism Project at Harvard University, (2006)). Though borrowed from writings on religious pluralism, these principles can be useful for understanding and working toward research pluralism.
Developing a Gene Therapy Clinical Trial: Tips and Tricks

Developing a gene therapy trial has its challenges. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) are two federal advisory committees that have to approve trials prior to execution. These committees have strict rules and regulations that need to be followed. Moreover, timing is a factor that needs to be factored in as well. The RAC has specific time frames for committee meetings, and due to heavy submission volumes, the FDA has specific timelines for application review. In this chapter, we will give an overview of the FDA and RAC as well as their requirements for Investigational New Drug (IND) submission.
Grain boundary and microstructure engineering of Inconel 690 cladding on stainless-steel 316L using electron-beam powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

Abstract This research explores the prospect of fabricating a face-centered cubic (fcc) Ni-base alloy cladding (Inconel 690) on an fcc Fe-base alloy (316 L stainless-steel) having improved mechanical properties and reduced sensitivity to corrosion through grain boundary and microstructure engineering concepts enabled by additive manufacturing (AM) utilizing electron-beam powder bed fusion (EPBF). The unique solidification and associated constitutional supercooling phenomena characteristic of EPBF promotes [100] textured and extended columnar grains having lower energy grain boundaries as opposed to random, high-angle grain boundaries, but no coherent {111} twin boundaries characteristic of conventional thermo-mechanically processed fcc metals and alloys, including Inconel 690 and 316 L stainless-steel. In addition to [100] textured grains, columnar grains were produced by EPBF fabrication of Inconel 690 claddings on 316 L stainless-steel substrates. Also, irregular 2–3 μm diameter, low energy subgrains were formed along with dislocation densities varying from 108 to 109 cm−2, and a homogeneous distribution of Cr23C6 precipitates. Precipitates were formed within the grains (with ∼3 μm interparticle spacing), but not in the subgrain or columnar grain boundaries. These inclusive, hierarchical microstructures produced a tensile yield strength of 0.527 GPa, elongation of 21%, and Vickers microindentation hardness of 2.33 GPa for the Inconel 690 cladding in contrast to a tensile yield strength of 0.327 GPa, elongation of 53%, and Vickers microindentation hardness of 1.78 GPa, respectively for the wrought 316 L stainless-steel substrate. Aging of both the Inconel 690 cladding and the 316 L stainless-steel substrate at 685 °C for 50 h precipitated Cr23C6 carbides in the Inconel 690 columnar grain boundaries, but not in the low-angle (and low energy) subgrain boundaries. In contrast, Cr23C6 carbides precipitated in the 316 L stainless-steel grain boundaries, but not in the low energy coherent {111} twin boundaries. Consequently, the Inconel 690 subgrain boundaries essentially serve as surrogates for coherent twin boundaries with regard to avoiding carbide precipitation and corrosion sensitization.
Abstract 5200: High CD73 expression, regulated by estrogen signaling, associates with cancer aggressiveness in estrogen receptor (+) breast cancer

Background: CD73, a cell surface enzyme, catalyzes the generation of adenosine from ATP and ADP in the tumor microenvironment along with CD39. Accumulated extracellular adenosine functions as immune-suppressor, and also binds to adenosine receptors which promotes angiogenesis and cell proliferation that results in accelerate cancer progression. However, the clinical significance and molecular function of CD73 expression in breast cancer remains unclear. Methods: Utilizing breast cancer cohorts of TCGA and GEO, clinical significance and underlying mechanisms were investigated. Molecular experiments were carried out in MCF7 cells, ER(+) breast cancer cell line. Results: In TCGA cohort, CD73 expression level was significantly lower in ER(+) breast cancers compared to ER(-) tumors. Higher CD73 expression was associated with worse overall survival in ER(+) tumors (p=0.003), but not in ER(-) tumors. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that estrogen response gene sets (Early; p=0.043, Late; p=0.021) were significantly enriched in CD73 low expressing ER(+) tumors, suggesting estrogen signaling may repress CD73 expression. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the expression of CD73 and CD39 in MCF7 cells treated with estrogen, tamoxifen. Our data revealed that estrogen treatment suppressed CD73 and CD39 expression, whereas tamoxifen treatment enhanced expression of the genes. These findings suggest that CD73 and CD39 gene expression is suppressed by estrogen signaling, whereas binding of ER antagonists such as tamoxifen can remove the repressive effect on gene expression. On the other hand, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (p Conclusion: Molecular studies revealed that CD73 expression is regulated by estrogen signaling. Increased expression of CD73 significantly correlates with worse outcomes in ER(+) breast cancer patients. This may be due to upregulated pro-metastatic gene signatures such as EMT and angiogenesis as well as less infiltration of anti-cancer immune cells by adenosine generated by CD73 in the tumor microenvironment. Our data reveals an intriguing mechanism which may be responsible for recurrence and metastasis of ER(+) breast cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Eriko Katsuta, Vivek Anand, Li Yan, Subhamoy Dasgupta, Kazuaki Takabe. High CD73 expression, regulated by estrogen signaling, associates with cancer aggressiveness in estrogen receptor (+) breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5200.
The Influence of Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Short-Term Exercise Training on Mortality Risk From The Ball State Adult Fitness Longitudinal Lifestyle Study

Abstract Objective To assess the influence of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) after exercise training on mortality risk in a cohort of self-referred, apparently healthy adults. Patients and Methods A total of 683 participants (404 men, 279 women; mean age: 42.7±11.0 y) underwent two maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPX) between March 20, 1970, and December 11, 2012, to assess CRF at baseline (CPX1) and post-exercise training (CPX2). Participants were followed for an average of 29.8±10.7 years after their CPX2. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to determine the relationship of CRF change with mortality, with change in CRF as a continuous variable, as well as a categorical variable. A Wald chi-square test was used to compare the coefficients estimating the relationship of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) at CPX1 with VO2peak measured at CPX2 with time until death for all-cause mortality. Results During the follow-up period there were 180 deaths. When assessed independently, there were 20% (95% CI, 10–49%) and 38% (95% CI, 7–66%) lower mortality risks per 1 metabolic equivalent improvement in CRF (P Conclusion Improving CRF through exercise training lowers mortality risk. Clinicians should encourage individuals to participate in exercise training to improve CRF to lower risk of mortality.
Hardware Trojans Inspired IP Watermarks

Editor’s note: Hardware watermarking (HW) is supposed to protect the authenticity of HW intellectual properties (IPs) but face the dual challenge of high overhead and ease of removal. HW Trojans are designed to overcome those same challenges for a very different purpose. In this article, the authors propose an ingenious watermarking methodology inspired by HW Trojans for efficiently and effectively protecting the authenticity of HW IPs. —Axel Jantsch, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
The Heroes and the Helpless: The Development of Benevolent Sexism in Children

Gender-stereotypical attitudes that males should be the protectors and that females need special care as the more delicate gender may reflect foundational components of benevolent sexism; however, children’s attitudes regarding these roles have yet to be explored. The current study interviewed 113 U.S. children ages 3–11 years-old, presenting scenarios asking who should come to the rescue and who should receive special care (e.g., when tired or hurt). Results indicated that boys, across ages, believed that boys should be the heroes. Girls and boys selected their own gender to receive special care for physical needs, although these biases decreased with age. These findings suggest that stereotypical attitudes regarding roles for one’s own gender may be present in early childhood, but attitudes regarding roles for the other gender may develop later. Benevolent sexist attitudes related to protective paternalism may emerge younger than previously thought. We discuss possible implications for later help-seeking behaviors, dependency, and support for gender equality.
Rates of force generation in Drosophila fast and slow muscle types have opposite responses to phosphate.

Much of the functional diversity of striated muscle that serves to meet different locomotory demands is due to different isoforms of myosin. (1965), who were among the first to investigate the physiological relevance of myosin isoforms, demonstrated that different speeds of contraction in various muscle types correlate with actin-activated myosin ATPase. (1985), (1987), and (1988), among others, extended these studies by showing muscle speeds correlate with myosin isoform composition. Recently, (2002) directly proved that myosin isoforms are the prime determinants of fiber kinetic differences by substituting the slow embryonic myosin (denoted EMB) for the native, fast adult IFM myosin (denoted IFI) in the indirect flight muscle (IFM) (Fig 1). Substituting the EMB isoform transformed the IFM from a muscle that generates maximum oscillatory work at high frequencies, to one that generates more work, but at much lower frequencies (Fig. 2, after Swank et al., 2002). The isoform substitution enhances calcium-activated isometric tension (To) nearly 3-fold, but reduces maximum oscillatory power (Pmax, equal to oscillatory work times frequency) to only ∼25% that of IFI fibers (Swank et al., 2002). In EMB fibers Tmax achieved at a frequency (∼20 Hz) that is considerably lower than that at which Pmax is achieved in IFI fibers (∼150 Hz, i.e., the wing beat frequency at 15°C). At the resonant frequency of the flight system (i.e., at ∼ 150 Hz), no power is produced, thereby explaining the loss of flight ability in the EMB lines. Thus substitution of EMB for IFI is akin to converting the muscle from a fast fiber type to a slow fiber type.
Management of Nondissociative Instability of the Wrist.

Nondissociative carpal instability is instability of an entire carpal row and can lead to vague ulnar-sided wrist pain as well as a clunking wrist. The etiology of this process is most often generalized ligamentous laxity; however, it can infrequently occur as a result of trauma or malalignment of the radiocarpal joint. Whereas treatment remains controversial, the literature supports nonsurgical management and includes patient education, dynamic placement of orthoses, proprioceptive therapy, and extensor carpi ulnaris strengthening. If extensive nonsurgical therapy fails, surgical intervention includes soft tissue and bony procedures, all with high complication and failure rates and limited long-term outcome data.
The Asiatic garden beetle Maladera castanea (Arrow 1913) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

The Asiatic garden beetle has been a pest in the northeastern United States since the 1920s. Generally, not as abundant or damaging as the Japanese beetle, this pest beetle is occasionally numerous enough to cause damage to turf, gardens and field crops, as well as simply being a nuisance. It’s discovery in Florida was not unexpected. This is the first report of this pest beetle in the lower southeastern U.S. coastal plain. This 3-page fact sheet was written by Paul E. Skelley and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, April 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in992
Apoptosis in the Nervous System

Our understanding of the mechanisms of cell death is ever evolving. Once thought to be a random, passive process, cell death can be energy-requiring, orderly, and critically important for proper development of the nervous system. Two major pathways to cell death have been recognized and characterized.
Automated FMV image quality assessment based on power spectrum statistics

Factors that degrade image quality in video and other sensor collections, such as noise, blurring, and poor resolution, also affect the spatial power spectrum of imagery. Prior research in human vision and image science from the last few decades has shown that the image power spectrum can be useful for assessing the quality of static images. The research in this article explores the possibility of using the image power spectrum to automatically evaluate full-motion video (FMV) imagery frame by frame. This procedure makes it possible to identify anomalous images and scene changes, and to keep track of gradual changes in quality as collection progresses. This article will describe a method to apply power spectral image quality metrics for images subjected to simulated blurring, blocking, and noise. As a preliminary test on videos from multiple sources, image quality measurements for image frames from 185 videos are compared to analyst ratings based on ground sampling distance. The goal of the research is to develop an automated system for tracking image quality during real-time collection, and to assign ratings to video clips for long-term storage, calibrated to standards such as the National Imagery Interpretability Rating System (NIIRS).
Contribution of Monocarboxylate Transporter 6 to the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Bumetanide in Mice

Bumetanide, a sulfamyl loop diuretic, is used for the treatment of edema in association with congestive heart failure. Being a polar, anionic compound at physiologic pH, bumetanide uptake and efflux into different tissues is largely transporter-mediated. Of note, organic anion transporters (SLC22A) have been extensively studied in terms of their importance in transporting bumetanide to its primary site of action in the kidney. The contribution of one of the less-studied bumetanide transporters, monocarboxylate transporter 6 (MCT6; SLC16A5), to bumetanide pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) has yet to be characterized. The affinity of bumetanide for murine Mct6 was evaluated using Mct6-transfected Xenopus laevis oocytes. Furthermore, bumetanide was intravenously and orally administered to wild-type mice (Mct6+/+) and homozygous Mct6 knockout mice (Mct6-/-) to elucidate the contribution of Mct6 to bumetanide PK/PD in vivo. We demonstrated that murine Mct6 transports bumetanide at a similar affinity compared with human MCT6 (78 and 84 μM, respectively, at pH 7.4). After bumetanide administration, there were no significant differences in plasma PK. Additionally, diuresis was significantly decreased by ∼55% after intravenous bumetanide administration in Mct6-/- mice. Kidney cortex concentrations of bumetanide were decreased, suggesting decreased Mct6-mediated bumetanide transport to its site of action in the kidney. Overall, these results suggest that Mct6 does not play a major role in the plasma PK of bumetanide in mice; however, it significantly contributes to bumetanide's pharmacodynamics due to changes in kidney concentrations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Previous evidence suggested that MCT6 transports bumetanide in vitro; however, no studies to date have evaluated the in vivo contribution of this transporter. In vitro studies indicated that mouse and human MCT6 transport bumetanide with similar affinities. Using Mct6 knockout mice, we demonstrated that murine Mct6 does not play a major role in the plasma pharmacokinetics of bumetanide; however, the pharmacodynamic effect of diuresis was attenuated in the knockout mice, likely because of the decreased bumetanide concentrations in the kidney.
What matters to patients: Parental and caregiver opinions on International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurements overall health outcomes for children in Singapore

Background:Health in children is multifaceted. More than just the absence of disease, good child health also comprises psychological well-being and social functioning. In paediatrics, optimal healt...
Francesca da Rimini nel cinema muto americano

espanolEn 1908 la Vitagraph Company of America lanzo un cortometraje de 15 minutos dirigido por J. Stuart Blackton titulado Francesca di Rimini, or the Two Brothers. El mismo director, dos anos mas tarde, rodo un segundo cortometraje, Francesca di Rimini, una clara demostracion de la notoriedad que el episodio del quinto canto del Infierno de Dante gozaba en aquellos anos. En 1928 el gran director David Wark Griffith filmo el episodio en un largometraje mudo titulado Drums of Love. EnglishIn 1908 the Vitagrapg Company of America released a 15 minutes short movie directed by J. Stuart Blackton entitled Francesca di Rimini, or the Two Brothers. The same director two years later directed a second short film, Francesca di Rimini, a clear proof of the notariety that the episode from Dante’s fifth canto of Hell enjoyed at the time. In 1928 the great diector David Wark Griffith returned to the same episode in a silent full-length movie entitled Drums of Love. catalaEn 1908 la Vitagraph Company of America va llancar un curtmetratge de 15 minuts dirigit per J. Stuart Blackton titulat Francesca di Rimini, or the Two Brothers. El mateix director, dos anys mes tard, va rodar un segon curtmetratge, Francesca di Rimini, una clara demostracio de la notorietat que l'episodi del cinque cant de l'Infern de Dante gaudia en aquells anys. En 1928 el gran director David Wark Griffith va filmar l'episodi en un llargmetratge mut titulat Drums of Love. italianoNel 1908 la Vitagraph Company of America rilascio un cortometraggio diretto da J. Stuart Blackton intitolato Francesca di Rimini, or the Two Brothers dela durata di 15 minuti. Lo stesso regista due anni dopo rigiro ua secondo cortometraggio, Francesca di Rimini, dimostrazione evidente della notorieta di cui godeva in quegli anni l’episodio del quinto canto dell’Inferno dsntesco. Nel 1928 il grande regista David Wark Griffith riprese l’episodio in un lungometraggio muto che intitolo Drums of Love.
Multilevel Hemilaminotomy Windows for the Surgical Management of Spinal Epidural Lipomatosis Causing Syringomyelia: Technical Note and Literature Review

Background Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is the excessive accumulation of extradural adipose tissue. Severe cases could result in myelopathy, and very rarely, in syringomyelia formation. Surgery has been associated with high morbidity and mortality, and no proven long-term benefits. The objective was to provide a technical description of an efficient and cost-effective procedure for multilevel thoracic decompression without requiring spinal instrumentation. Methods A technique of multilevel hemilaminotomy windows is described in a patient with severe thoracic SEL causing syringomyelia. A 3-dimensional spine model was created to illustrate the technique and working angles. We performed a literature review by searching PubMed, Ovid Embase, and Scopus electronic databases with the predetermined inclusion criteria of cases with spinal lipomatosis and a fluid cavity within the spinal cord. Results The patient's deficit and syringomyelia resolved postoperatively. A review of the literature revealed only 3 cases of syringomyelia secondary to SEL. Syringomyelia expansion occurred in all cases leading to progressive neurologic decline, and surgery with removal of the excessive adipose tissue resolved the syringomyelia and improved the neurologic functioning in all cases. Conclusions This technique of multilevel alternating hemilaminotomy “windows” allows for safe and effective decompression and resection of the excessive adipose tissue with reduced operative time and without requiring spine instrumentation. The technique maintains the integrity of the posterior column, thus reducing the risk of postdecompression deformity. Careful bipolar electrocoagulation of internal vertebral veins and meticulous hemostasis is key for minimizing the intraoperative blood loss and avoiding postoperative hematoma formation.
African American Women in Engineering: Intersectionality as a Pathway to Social Justice

Social justice refers to fair and just access to resources, opportunities, and privileges and acknowledges the rights of marginalized groups to actively participate in decision-making in society. Because it is divided by race, socioeconomic status, and other identity markers, the United States must make the full range of engineering career pathways available to all Americans by identifying and removing roadblocks to the participation of groups traditionally underrepresented in science and engineering. A majority of studies on women in engineering focus on non-Hispanic White women; similarly, most studies of African Americans in engineering focus on males; consequently, African American women continue to be overlooked by scholars. United States policies have focused on expanding participation in the science and engineering workforce in terms of broad demographic categories such as race, ethnicity, and gender. However, this focus is problematic because data on race/ethnic groups are not disaggregated by gender, and data on gender are not disaggregated by race/ethnicity.
Image Post-Processing

Cross-sectional imaging techniques produce a two-dimensional representation of a section of human anatomy. Further mathematical manipulation of these images can create additional images that may better demonstrate anatomic relationships or make pathology more conspicuous. There is a wide array of techniques that can manipulate medical images in this manner; they are globally referred to as “post-processing.”
The Lipstick Effect During COVID-19 Lockdown.

Although consumer spending typically declines during times of crisis, some observers have noted the tendency of consumers to spend more on less costly luxury goods instead, calling it the "The Lipstick Effect." E-commerce sales in beauty and personal-care categories, compared to pre-COVID-19, saw an increase. The mass lockdowns across many states in the U.S. resulted in hospitals and cosmetic clinics suspending many services. We present several patients who developed complications following home-administered cosmetic procedures and presented via telemedicine clinic at the dermatology department at Boston Medical Center in May 2020. The first case follows a patient who had platelet-rich-plasma concentrate injected into her face by an unauthorized, presumed aesthetician in training. The second and third cases follow patients purchasing products from unregulated e-commerce retailers, to self-administer injectable fillers and perform trichloroacetic acid chemical peels, respectively. We discuss the impact of social media in conjunction with extensive misinformation along with easily accessible products available on the internet, and how this combination has encouraged self-injurious behavior and its consequences while lacking any means of accountability. This paper aims to encourage the spread of patient education and limit personal harm from self-administration of potentially injurious procedures.
Invited Article: Single-shot THz detection techniques optimized for multidimensional THz spectroscopy

Multidimensional spectroscopy at visible and infrared frequencies has opened a window into the transfer of energy and quantum coherences at ultrafast time scales. For these measurements to be performed in a manageable amount of time, one spectral axis is typically recorded in a single laser shot. An analogous rapid-scanning capability for THz measurements will unlock the multidimensional toolkit in this frequency range. Here, we first review the merits of existing single-shot THz schemes and discuss their potential in multidimensional THz spectroscopy. We then introduce improved experimental designs and noise suppression techniques for the two most promising methods: frequency-to-time encoding with linear spectral interferometry and angle-to-time encoding with dual echelons. Both methods, each using electro-optic detection in the linear regime, were able to reproduce the THz temporal waveform acquired with a traditional scanning delay line. Although spectral interferometry had mediocre performance in terms of signal-to-noise, the dual echelon method was easily implemented and achieved the same level of signal-to-noise as the scanning delay line in only 4.5% of the laser pulses otherwise required (or 22 times faster). This reduction in acquisition time will compress day-long scans to hours and hence provides a practical technique for multidimensional THz measurements.
On walking on our ears : Psychology, personality, and culture : A cross cultural perspective

Les comportements d'agressivite et d'oppression ne devraient pas etre etudies seulement en tant qu'expressions pathologiques necessitant une therapie mais aussi comme un processus social rationnel qui meriterait une meilleure comprehension. Apres la presentation des perspectives ouvertes par la psychologie sociale dans l'etude de l'agressivite au sein des relations interculturelles, l'A. propose de resoudre les dilemmes internes des diverses approches de cette discipline.
A Comparison of the Effects of the Latham–Millard POPLA Procedure with a Conservative Treatment Approach on Dental Occlusion and Facial Aesthetics in CUCLP and CBCLP

One of the most widely debated areas in the treatment of cleft lip and palate involves the use of presurgical orthopedics and periosteoplasty with lip adhesion (POPLA) designed by Ralph Latham (orthodontist) and D. Ralph Millard, Jr. (plastic surgeon). They contend that the POPLA procedure is superior to a conservative nonpresurgical orthopedic treatment (non-POPLA) for producing more aesthetically appealing lip/nose surgery, while still allowing for good midfacial growth and dental occlusion in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) and complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (CBCLP) patients. This chapter compares the dental occlusion of POPLA with conservative, nonpresurgical orthopedic treatment (non-POPLA), which Millard had been using between 1960 and 1980. POPLA proponents and others, who use this or a similar method, favor the same presurgical orthopedic procedure, such as nasoalveolar molding and gingivoperiosteoplasty (NAM + GPP). In CBCLP, patients forcefully retract the protruding premaxilla to favor the attainment of improved lip and nose aesthetics and anterior alveolar arch alignment soon after birth. They speculate that the early aesthetic benefits will remain as the face grows and develops.
A $24\,\mu \text{W}$ , Batteryless, Crystal-free, Multinode Synchronized SoC “Bionode” for Wireless Prosthesis Control

We present a batteryless, crystal-free, time division multiple access (TDMA) synchronized multinode wireless body sensor node (WBSN) system-on-chip (SoC), referred to as a Bionode, for continuous and real-time telemetry of electromyograms (EMGs), enabling intuitive upper limb prosthesis control by an amputee. The SoC utilizes state of the art in supercapacitive RF energy harvesting, biosensing analog-front-end, switching-optimized SAR ADC, ultra-low-power RF transceiver, and clock circuits. The sensor node SoCs are time synchronized with a base station, mounted on the prosthetic arm, by using the ultra-low-power TDMA controller and receiver, and the digital core circuits. A 915 MHz broadcast RF signal is utilized to synthesize the carrier frequency of the transmitter. This along with the process and voltage compensated on-chip clock obviates the need for a bulky crystal oscillator, thus providing a low-cost and highly integrated solution to the WBSNs. The SoC is verified by capturing the EMG data from a healthy human body and consumes only $24\;{\upmu}\text{W}$ , while operating exclusively from the harvested RF energy. Implemented in a $0.18\;{\upmu}\text{m}$ CMOS process, the SoC occupies $2.025\;{\text {mm}}^{2}$ silicon area. The sensor node has an extremely low weight and physical dimensions, thanks to the flexible carbon nanotube (CNT) supercapacitor, electrically small antenna (ESA), and crystal-free operation of the SoC.
Image spaces and video trajectories: using Isomap to explore video sequences

Dimensionality reduction techniques seek to represent a set of images as a set of points in a low dimensional space. Here we explore a video representation that considers a video as two parts - a space of possible images and a trajectory through that space. The non-linear dimensionality reduction technique of Isomap, gives, for many interesting scenes, a very low dimensional representation of the space of possible images. Analysis of the shape of the video trajectory through these image spaces gives new tools for video analysis. Experiments with natural video sequences illustrate methods for the very different tasks of classifying video clips and temporal super-resolution.
Fast mechanical shutter for pulsed ion beam generation

Abstract A pneumatically actuated mechanical shutter has been developed for pulsed ion beam operation. The mechanical shutter provides vacuum isolation between the gas filled ion source (nominally at ∼10 mTorr) and the high vacuum accelerator chamber (nominally
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDIES ON STARCH GRANULES OF RED KIDNEY BEANS AND BEAN SPROUTS

Scanning electron microscopic examinations of cotyledons from red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) revealed changes on the surface starch of granules during germination of the seeds. There were distinct transformations of the surface of the granules after the eighth day of germination. After germination for 10 days the granules appeared to be very fragile and broken into small, irregular fragments. Observations were also made on starch granules of cooked dry beans and in bean cotyledons germinated for 4 days followed by heating in edible oil at 95°C for 10min.
Translocation (7;7)(p13;q21) in a Wilms' tumor

Reports of single chromosome aberrations in Wilms' tumors are rare, with most tumors being characterized by multiple complex karyotype aberrations. An 11-month-old female patient with Wilms' tumor and a derivative chromosome 7 resulting from t(7;7)(p13;q21) as the sole cytogenetic aberration is described.