cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of false-positive newborn metabolic screening results on early health care utilization

Purpose: To analyze the association between false-positive newborn screening results and health care utilization. Methods: We surveyed parents regarding their children's health care utilization. Parents of children who received false-positive newborn screening results were primarily enrolled by a screening laboratory in Pennsylvania. Parents of children with normal results were recruited through the Massachusetts birth registry. We used bivariate tests and multivariate regression to assess the association between newborn screening results and primary care utilization, emergency room use, and hospitalization by the age of 6 months. Results: Our sample included 200 children with false-positive results and 137 with normal results. Variation in recruitment strategies led to sample children with false-positive results being more likely to be non-white, have unmarried parents, and be of lower socioeconomic status. After adjusting for significant covariates, such as age, race, and socioeconomic status, there were no significant associations between newborn screening results and child health care utilization. Conclusions: Despite the reported negative psychosocial effects of false-positive results, our study found no impact on early health care utilization. These results may assist in economic analyses of newborn screening as they suggest that medical costs associated with false-positive results are limited to the cost of diagnostic testing and follow-up.
Transition state spectroscopy and the UV absorption spectra of H2O and H2S: emission spectroscopy as a probe of dynamics along reactive trajectories which sample a resonance

Abstract Firstly the underlying connection between the negative ion photodetachment studies of the “transition state spectroscopy” of neutral bimolecular reactions and previous measurements of the structure in the absorption spectra of H 2 O and H 2 S are detailed. This structure, being assigned to recurrences in the motion along the symmetric stretch coordinate on the saddle point region of the first excited state, a motion orthogonal to the reaction coordinate on the excited H + SH or H + OH reactive potential energy surfaces, represents the spectroscopy of the transition state. We then describe how our recent measurement of the emission spectrum of dissociating H 2 S selectively accesses a particular resonance and probes the evolution of the dynamics into the exit channel of the reactive trajectories. Such dynamics cannot be probed in photodetachment studies, which necessarily form the neutral collision complex at a wide range of energies, not just within a chosen resonance.
Supporting secure parent–child attachments: the role of the non‐parental caregiver

Parent–child attachment has been extensively confirmed as a central contributing factor to children's positive developmental outcomes. Theory and research imply that the non‐parental caregiver is an important figure that may assist parents in the development of a secure attachment relationship with their infants. Specific practices that increase daily face‐to‐face time of the parent and child, reinforce baby's budding attachment with the parent and reinforce the parent's close relationship with baby are suggested in this article. These recommendations, if incorporated as program practices, have substantial ramifications for non‐parental caregivers, center directors, parents and children. Furthermore, directions for confirmatory resource and public police development are implied.
Increased Toxicity of Karenia brevis during Phosphate Limited Growth: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications

Karenia brevis is the dominant toxic red tide algal species in the Gulf of Mexico. It produces potent neurotoxins (brevetoxins [PbTxs]), which negatively impact human and animal health, local economies, and ecosystem function. Field measurements have shown that cellular brevetoxin contents vary from 1–68 pg/cell but the source of this variability is uncertain. Increases in cellular toxicity caused by nutrient-limitation and inter-strain differences have been observed in many algal species. This study examined the effect of P-limitation of growth rate on cellular toxin concentrations in five Karenia brevis strains from different geographic locations. Phosphorous was selected because of evidence for regional P-limitation of algal growth in the Gulf of Mexico. Depending on the isolate, P-limited cells had 2.3- to 7.3-fold higher PbTx per cell than P-replete cells. The percent of cellular carbon associated with brevetoxins (%C-PbTx) was ∼ 0.7 to 2.1% in P-replete cells, but increased to 1.6–5% under P-limitation. Because PbTxs are potent anti-grazing compounds, this increased investment in PbTxs should enhance cellular survival during periods of nutrient-limited growth. The %C-PbTx was inversely related to the specific growth rate in both the nutrient-replete and P-limited cultures of all strains. This inverse relationship is consistent with an evolutionary tradeoff between carbon investment in PbTxs and other grazing defenses, and C investment in growth and reproduction. In aquatic environments where nutrient supply and grazing pressure often vary on different temporal and spatial scales, this tradeoff would be selectively advantageous as it would result in increased net population growth rates. The variation in PbTx/cell values observed in this study can account for the range of values observed in the field, including the highest values, which are not observed under N-limitation. These results suggest P-limitation is an important factor regulating cellular toxicity and adverse impacts during at least some K. brevis blooms.
Cystic Fibrosis in Young Adults: An Overlooked Diagnosis, with Emphasis on Pulmonary Function and Radiological Patterns

The adult or latent form of cystic fibrosis is not as uncommon as previously considered. This report presents and reviews five cases in which the disease was diagnosed after the age of 15 years. Respiratory symptoms, sinusitis, elevated sweat electrolytes, clubbing of the digits, impaired pulmonary function, and characteristic x-ray findings are the outstanding features of the disease. Pulmonary function studies in adult cystic fibrosis show combinations of obstructive and restrictive ventilatory impairment, elevated residual volume, impairment of ventilation perfusion relationships, and normal resting diffusing capacity. Chest x-ray films show predominantly upper-lobe involvement with patchy, linear, or nodular infiltrations perifocal emphysema, localized atelectasis; bronchograms show localized bronchiectatic changes. Awareness of this entity, early diagnosis and physiologic therapy are essential in the prevention of progressive pulmonary disability.
Oral filament proteins and their regulation in Tetrahymena pyriformis

Abstract Two proteins from the Triton X-100-insoluble fraction of Tetrahymena pyriformis have been isolated and shown by immunological methods to be major components of a pervasive system of filaments localized within the oral apparatus. These proteins, OF-1 and OF-2, have apparent molecular weights ( MW app ) in polyacrylamide gels of 87-000 and 80-000 D, respectively. Peptide maps obtained and the absence of immunological cross-reactivity suggest that these proteins are not closely related to each other. Indirect immunofluorescence studies on dividing cells have shown that the oral filament system forms late in the cell cycle. The filaments appeared first after the basal bodies in the oral primordium had organized into groups and the fission furrow had begun to form. Dedifferentiation of the oral filament system in the anterior (old) oral apparatus was also observed at this point in the cell cycle. Following this, the oral filament systems in both old and new oral apparatuses completed development synchronously. Proteins showing antigenic similarity to OF-1 were found in a number of other cell types. Tests with heterologous antisera failed to demonstrate a relationship between vertebrate cytoskeletal proteins and the oral filament proteins of Tetrahymena .
A new analysis of elastic interaction between a surface crack and parallel screw dislocations

Abstract By using a dislocation model for the surface crack and images for the free surface, the interactions between coplanar screw dislocations and a surface crack are analyzed. For the case of one dislocation, the dislocation distributions in the crack, the total Burgers vector, and the stress intensity factor due to the dislocation are compared with two other models involving finite cracks. Although they have the same zero order pertaining to the situation of a semiinfinite crack, the high-order terms are all different. For the case of two or more dislocations, the present model has the capability of separating all the interaction term so that Newton's third law of interaction between dislocations is preserved.
Sun Power City — Innovative measures to increase the demand coverage with photovoltaics

This paper presents measures to integrate a city district with a high share of building integrated photovoltaic systems into the electric grid. Achieving a 100% and higher total coverage of the city district's demand over a year imposes severe stress to the distribution grid supplying this area. The analysis of the coverage between photovoltaic (PV) generation and demand, based on real and synthetic profiles brings up the limiting factors of such a high share and density of photovoltaic generation. Different methods for improved integration — by increasing the direct use of the local generation — have been modeled and investigated. These are: the adaption of the generation profile, changing the shape of the demand due to the mixture of the usage of the building, and applying electrical storage. While the impacts of these different measures have been quantified, most flexibility has been introduced by the use of distributed energy storages.
On the interaction of frictional formulations with bifurcation phenomena in hyperelastic steady state rolling calculations

A finite element formulation for hyperelastic steady state rolling of inflated tires is analyzed. In particular, numerical difficulties associated with enforcing frictional conditions within such a framework are discussed. We focus in this work on adherent (i.e., no slip) friction formulations, and in addition to analyzing the numerical difficulties associated with such problems, we also study the interaction of frictional conditions with bifurcation phenomena. Such phenomena are observed in the context of multiple solutions (both stable and unstable) of the discretized system, and are also manifested in the behavior of the iterative map used to solve the nonlinear algebraic system of equations.
A general correlation for deposition of suspended particles from turbulent gases to completely rough surfaces

Abstract A general correlation has been developed for particle deposition from turbulent gas flows to completely rough surfaces. The correlation is based on experimental data taken from the literature, and the theory of particle deposition by diffusion and interception from boundary layer flows. The surfaces include artificial grass, rye grass, water and gravel. Two empirical factors which depend on the structure of the roughness layer appear in the correlation. These factors have been evaluated for various rough surfaces based on a reference surface, the sticky artificial grass of Chamberlain (1966, 1967).
Quantile Regression With Measurement Error

Regression quantiles can be substantially biased when the covariates are measured with error. In this paper we propose a new method that produces consistent linear quantile estimation in the presence of covariate measurement error. The method corrects the measurement error induced bias by constructing joint estimating equations that simultaneously hold for all the quantile levels. An iterative EM-type estimation algorithm to obtain the solutions to such joint estimation equations is provided. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is investigated in a simulation study, and compared to the standard regression calibration approach. Finally, we apply our methodology to part of the National Collaborative Perinatal Project growth data, a longitudinal study with an unusual measurement error structure.
Glycan fragment database: a database of PDB-based glycan 3D structures

The glycan fragment database (GFDB), freely available at http://www.glycanstructure.org, is a database of the glycosidic torsion angles derived from the glycan structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Analogous to protein structure, the structure of an oligosaccharide chain in a glycoprotein, referred to as a glycan, can be characterized by the torsion angles of glycosidic linkages between relatively rigid carbohydrate monomeric units. Knowledge of accessible conformations of biologically relevant glycans is essential in understanding their biological roles. The GFDB provides an intuitive glycan sequence search tool that allows the user to search complex glycan structures. After a glycan search is complete, each glycosidic torsion angle distribution is displayed in terms of the exact match and the fragment match. The exact match results are from the PDB entries that contain the glycan sequence identical to the query sequence. The fragment match results are from the entries with the glycan sequence whose substructure (fragment) or entire sequence is matched to the query sequence, such that the fragment results implicitly include the influences from the nearby carbohydrate residues. In addition, clustering analysis based on the torsion angle distribution can be performed to obtain the representative structures among the searched glycan structures.
Ebola Virus Genome Plasticity as a Marker of Its Passaging History: A Comparison of In Vitro Passaging to Non-Human Primate Infection

To identify polymorphic sites that could be used as biomarkers of Ebola virus passage history, we repeatedly amplified Ebola virus (Kikwit variant) in vitro and in vivo and performed deep sequencing analysis of the complete genomes of the viral subpopulations. We then determined the sites undergoing selection during passage in Vero E6 cells. Four locations within the Ebola virus Kikwit genome were identified that together segregate cell culture-passaged virus and virus obtained from infected non-human primates. Three of the identified sites are located within the glycoprotein gene (GP) sequence: the poly-U (RNA editing) site at position 6925, as well as positions 6677, and 6179. One site was found in the VP24 gene at position 10833. In all cases, in vitro and in vivo, both populations (majority and minority variants) were maintained in the viral swarm, with rapid selections occurring after a few passages or infections. This analysis approach will be useful to differentiate whether filovirus stocks with unknown history have been passaged in cell culture and may support filovirus stock standardization for medical countermeasure development.
The function of the midget cell system in primate color vision.

Abstract Polyak described a neural circuit in primate retina which can mediate the output of a single cone. This circuit connects a cone with a ganglion cell by either of two types of midget bipolar cells, the synapotology of which has recently been examined by electronmicroscopy. I believe that I have detected the responses of ganglion cells of this midget cell system in Rhesus monkey retina. These ganglion cells have small receptive field centers; they are excited (either at “on” or at “off”) by only one cone mechanism (either red, green or blue sensitive) in the center of their receptive field; they have small axons based on conduction velocity measurements; they are concentrated near the fovea; they respond continuously to a maintained stimulus of appropriate wavelength. Antidromic stimulation of these cells produces a distinct graded potential in the central retina. This potential can be elicited by stimulation of the parvo, but not the magno-cellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus implying that the midget cell system terminates in the parvo-cellular layers of this nucleus. Cells in the parvo-cellular layers tend to resemble midget ganglion cells in having only one of the three cone mechanisms mediating their receptive field center response. Striate cortical cells receive signals from several cone mechanisms in the center of their receptive field making some (those excited at “on” by one or more cone mechanisms and at “off” by another one or more) especially sensitive to color boundaries. Cells sensitive to a particular color boundary moving in one direction seem to be located next to those sensitive to the same boundary moving in the opposite direction suggesting an organization based on color contrast rather than color,per se. A model for color vision will be proposed in which six channels (based on the receptive field center mechanism of cells in the midget cell system) excite in various combinations single color sensitive cortical cells. Excitation of such a cell either at “on” or at “off” always produces the same color sensation.
Photochemistry of Aqueous Solutions of Dicyanomercury(II) and Potassium Tetracyanomercurate(II)

Photochemically induced reactions of dicyanomercury(II) and potassium tetracyanomercurate(II) in alkaline aqueous solutions were investigated in detail. The studies were conducted in the presence or absence of a titanium(IV) oxide semiconductor photocatalyst utilizing sunlight as the irradiation source. It was established that the cyanide ion liberated from the thermodynamically stable mercury-cyano species can be photocatalytically oxidized via cyanate and nitrite to nitrate. In addition, the process removes over 99 mol% of mercury from the solution. In the absence of the photocatalyst, no photoproducts were detected and mercury remained in solution. The results obtained may have ramifications for the use of solar power for the efficient treatment of large quantities of precious metals mill tailings wastes containing various cyanide species. In addition, in order to follow the fate of cyanide in these experiments, a novel gas-diffusion flow injection analysis system for the determination of cyanide from the thermodynamically stable mercury-cyano complexes was utilized.
The use of poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels to investigate the impact of ECM chemistry and mechanics on smooth muscle cells

Hydrogels based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are of increasing interest for regenerative medicine applications and are ideal materials to direct cell function due to the ability to confer key functionalities of native extracellular matrix (ECM) on PEG's otherwise inert backbone. Given extensive recent evidence that ECM compliance influences a variety of cell functions, PEG-based hydrogels are also attractive due to the ease with which their mechanical properties can be controlled. In these studies, we exploited the chemical and mechanical tunability of PEG-based gels to study the impact of ECM chemistry and mechanics on smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in both 2-D and 3-D model systems. First, by controlling the extent of crosslinking and therefore the mechanical properties of PEG-based hydrogels (tensile moduli from 13.7 to 423.9kPa), we report here that the assembly of F-actin stress fibers and focal adhesions, indicative of the state of actin contractility, were influenced by the compliance of 2-D PEG gels functionalized with either short adhesive peptides or full-length ECM proteins. Varying ECM ligand density and identity independent of gel compliance affected the physical properties of the focal adhesions, and also influenced SMC spreading in 2-D. Furthermore, SMCs proliferated to a greater extent as gel stiffness was increased. In contrast, the degree of SMC differentiation, which was qualitatively assessed by the extent of smooth muscle alpha-actin bundling and the association of calponin and caldesmon with the alpha-actin fibrils, was found to decrease with substrate stiffness in 2-D cultures. In 3-D, despite the fact that their viability and degree of spreading were greatly reduced, SMCs did express some contractile markers indicative of their differentiated phenotype when cultured within PEG-RGDS constructs. Combined, these data suggest that the mechanical and chemical properties of PEG hydrogels can be tuned to influence SMC phenotype in both 2-D and 3-D.
Comparison of Electron Transfer Dynamics in Molecule-to-Nanoparticle and Intramolecular Charge Transfer Complexes

Ultrafast electron-transfer dynamics of a catechol−TiO2 nanoparticle charge transfer (CT) complex and an intramolecular CT complex, [Ti(cat)3]2- were compared. Both complexes show similar CT bands, suggesting similar donor (catechol) and acceptor(Ti) orbitals are involved in CT transition. However, the electron is localized on one Ti center in the [Ti(cat)3] complex, but can delocalize into other Ti centers in TiO2 nanoparticles. The effect of charge delocalization on charge recombination dynamics was examined by comparing these complexes. In both cases, 400 nm excitation of the CT bands led to instantaneous promotion of an electron from a catechol ligand to a Ti(IV) center(s). In the molecular complex, the back electron-transfer dynamics from the Ti center to catechol ligand was observed on a 200 fs time scale. In the adsorbate-to-nanoparticle complex, back ET was much more complex, consisting of a 0.4 ps fast component and multiple slower components. The fast component was attributed to electrons trappe...
Toward a Regional Definition of Idolatry: Reexamining Idolatry Trials in the "Relaciónes De Méritos" and Their Role in Defining the Concept of "Idolatria" in Colonial Yucatán, 1570-1780

This paper explores the limitations and validity of the document genre of autobiographical and service narratives of colonial clergymen called Ralaciones de Meritos y Seruicios and their role in defining colonial concepts of idolatry. It addresses the issues of clerical exaggeration and the use of testimony as a political weapon, two frequently raised critiques of their historical validity. Examining a large number of these Relaciones de Meritos, placing them in the context of their author's ecclesiastical careers, and contemplating the clerics' intentions in writing them, this paper will argue for revalidating the use of this documentary genre in ethnohistorical discourse. In the course of this examination, the paper will demonstrate the value of these ReLaciones in studying the regional evolution of colonial perceptions of idolatry as a coherent category of ecclesiastical offense.
Long vertically aligned titania nanotubes on transparent conducting oxide for highly efficient solar cells.

Dye-sensitized solar cells consist of a random network of titania nanoparticles that serve both as a high-surface-area support for dye molecules and as an electron-transporting medium. Despite achieving high power conversion efficiencies, their performance is limited by electron trapping in the nanoparticle film. Electron diffusion lengths can be increased by transporting charge through highly ordered nanostructures such as titania nanotube arrays. Although titania nanotube array films have been shown to enhance the efficiencies of both charge collection and light harvesting, it has not been possible to grow them on transparent conducting oxide glass with the lengths needed for high-efficiency device applications (tens of micrometres). Here, we report the fabrication of transparent titania nanotube array films on transparent conducting oxide glass with lengths between 0.3 and 33.0 µm using a novel electrochemistry approach. Dye-sensitized solar cells containing these arrays yielded a power conversion efficiency of 6.9%. The incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency ranged from 70 to 80% for wavelengths between 450 and 650 nm. Transparent films of titania nanotubes up to 30-μm long are fabricated on transparent conducting oxide glass, and used to make dye-sensitized solar cells.
A Dynamic Partitioning Protection Routing Technique in WDM Networks

With the increasing popularity of bandwidth-intensive applications, network traffic has been growing exponentially. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a technique that can harness the huge bandwidth available in an optical fiber to satisfy the network demand. Due to the multiplicity of the connections on any single link, fault tolerance is of utmost importance in such WDM networks. Active research on providing fault tolerance in WDM networks in recent times underscores its significance. In this study, a dynamic partitioning protection routing technique for routing a Fault Tolerant Path Set (FTPS) in a network is proposed. Wavelength assignment schemes to this FTPS with backup multiplexing technique for networks with no wavelength conversion and full wavelength conversion are discussed. Performance is measured in terms of blocking probability and time to recover the failed connections. Our simulations show that this protection technique performs better than other proposed techniques.
The giant fiber and pectoral fin adductor motoneuron system in the hatchetfish

In the medulla of the hatchetfish each Mauthner fiber forms chemical synapses on a number of large myelinated axons termed giant fibers. The giant fibers form rectifying electrotonic synapses on pectoral fin adductor motoneurons, and in this fish bilateral pectoral fin adduction is an important component of the Mauthner fiber-mediated escape reflex. The branching patterns of giant fibers were determined by intracellular injection of Lucifer yellow. Dye coupling to the motoneuron somata was not observed, although a low level of transfer might have been obscured by autofluorescence. Individual giant fibers terminate primarily on pectoral fin motoneurons contralateral to their cell bodies, but may also send a branch back across the midline to ipsilateral motoneurons. The rostral process of each giant fiber ends on neurons presumably associated with cranial musculature. The number and geometry of the pectoral fin motoneurons were determined using Golgi and Nissl staining and serial reconstruction methods.
Program Corfree: A Program for Freeman's Family of Ordinal Correlation Coefficients

This paper describes a computer program, CORFREE, which computes the ordinal correlations discussed by Freeman. The correlation coefficients are calculated for the sample data, and the population values are estimated by a combination of the jackknife with robust/resistant methods. The sampling variance of each correlation coefficient is estimated by robust/resistant methods. The program computes one- and two-tailed significance tests of the null hypothesis by randomization methods. The program is useful for calculating the descriptive family of ordinal correlation coefficients described by Freeman, and for finding their significance levels. The program uses computer intensive methods to reduce errors or biases in estimating the population coefficients or their sampling variances. Program outputs can be further analyzed by other programs.
Inglewood Forest in Two Middle English Romances

“The Awntyrs off Arthure at the Terne Watheleyne” and “The Weddyng of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnall” both take place in a historical royal forest, Inglewood. The term ‘felle’ in “The Awntyrs” is re-intepreted here to refer to a forest that has been coppiced, a woodland-pasture. Both poems describe romance forest that was also recognizable to the poems’ original audiences as managed woodland.
Making virtual screening a reality

The discovery of new bioactive compounds for specific biomolecular targets represents a significant hurdle in the early stages of drug discovery. Advances in automation and bioanalytical methods have provided high-throughput screening (HTS) techniques that can perform individual biochemical assays on as many as a million compounds or more. Even with HTS, the discovery of new lead compounds largely remains a matter of trial and error. Although the number of compounds that can be evaluated by HTS methods is seemingly large, these numbers are small in comparison to the astronomical number of possible molecular structures that might represent potential drug-like molecules (1). Often, far more compounds exist or can be synthesized by combinatorial methods than can be reasonably and affordably evaluated by HTS. As the costs of computing decreases and as computational speeds increase, many researchers have directed efforts to develop computational methods to perform “virtual screens” of compounds (2–4). Because the cost of performing screens in silico can be faster and less expensive than HTS methods, virtual screening methods may provide the key to limit the number of compounds to be evaluated by HTS to a subset of molecules that are more likely to yield “hits” when screened. For the practical advantages of virtual screening to be realized, computational methods must excel in speed, economy, and accuracy. Striking the right balance of these criteria …
A blind subband-based dereverberation algorithm

In this work, we develop a two-stage blind dereverberation scheme for reverberant speech enhancement. The proposed algorithm operates by first splitting the reverberant inputs into different subbands. In the first stage, the inverse filters are estimated using the blind multiple input-output inverse-filtering theorem (MINT), while in the second stage our approach suppresses late reverberant energy by subtracting the power spectrum of the late impulse components from the power spectrum of the inverse filtered speech signal. Experimental results with reverberant speech indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is substantially better when compared to existing dereverberation algorithms.
Lactic acid production from enzyme-thinned corn starch using Lactobacillus amylovorus

An alternative process for industrial lactic acid production was deveooped using a starch degrading lactic acid producing organism,Lactobacillus amylovorus B-4542. In this process, saccharification takes place during the fermentation, eliminating the need for complete hydrolysis of the starch to glucose prior to fermentation. The cost savings of this alternative are substantial since it eliminates the energy input, separate reactor tank, time, and enzyme associated with the typical pre-fermentation saccharification step. The only pre-treatment was gelatinization and enzyme-thinning of the starch to overcome viscosity problems associated with high starch concentrations and to make the starch more rapidly degradable. This fermentation process was optimized for temperature, substrate level, nitrogen source and level, mineral level, B-vitamins, volatile fatty acids, pH, and buffer source. The rate of the reaction and the final level of lactic acid obtained in the optimized liquefied starch process was similar to that obtained withL. delbrueckii B-445 using glucose as the substrate.
Marsh Sensitivity to Burning of Applied Crude Oil

Abstract This research note summarizes Spartina alterniflora and Sagittaria lancifolia sensitivity to oiling and in situ burning of applied oil. Experimental plots (2.4 m × 2.4 m × 0.6 m) were constructed in salt and freshwater marsh habitats and South Louisiana Crude (SLC) applied (2 l m−2) to stems and leaves of marsh plants of oil and oil/burn treatment plots. Burning was initiated mid-August when winds were calm and a 15–25 cm floodwater layer covered the marsh substrate. Vegetative responses (stem density, height, carbon assimilation and biomass production) were measured for approximately one year following the in situ burns. Application of oil and burning of SLC only had short-term detrimental effects on salt and freshwater marsh vegetation. About one year after burns, vegetative responses measured in oiled and oiled/burned plots approached or exceeded control (no oil or burn) values. Field results suggest, under our experimental conditions, in situ burning of spilled oil in S. alterniflora and S. lancifolia marshes may be a remediation operation to consider.
Immediate vestibuloplasty with fenestrated and intact full-thickness mucosal grafts.

Abstract Intact and fenestrated full-thickness palatal mucosal grafts were placed following immediate vestibuloplasty in ten dogs of mixed breed. Macroscopic and microscopic findings indicated that the fenestrated grafts were as effective as the intact grafts in long-term maintenance of vestibular depth.
LACTATIONAL AND NEONATAL MORBIDITIES ASSOCIATED WITH OPERATIVE VAGINAL DELIVERIES. 1191

Recent efforts to reduce the rate of cesarean section births has been associated with increased operative vaginal deliveries (forceps, vacuum or both; OVD). We evaluated the frequency of several neonatal morbidities in 3888 live births (1994) of which 863 (22.2%) were by C-section and 407 (10.5%) by OVD. As has been previously reported, significant birth trauma occurred in 26/407 (6.3%) of OVD and 11/26 (42%) had low Apgar scores ( 14 mg/dl) was observed in 135/407 (33%); 13/135 (9.6%) went on to develop bili values >17 mg/dl and were administered phototherapy. This value was twice that observed in normal vaginal or C-section groups. The incidence of breast feeding in phototherapy group was 11/13 (83%). This small particularly high risk group of newborns represented those born to primigravida mothers with OVD and were susceptible to breast feeding difficulties. Concurrent extravascular hemolysis from birth trauma secondary to OVD and delayed enterohepatic circulation secondary to inappropriate/delayed breast feeding appears to potentiate significant hyperbilirubinemia. Thus, though generally OVD may be conducted safely, there remains the risk of transferring morbidity to the newborn. A high risk group that requires specialized follow-up, lactational support and attention is the primigravida mother delivered by OVD.
Electric power networks

An overview of network problems in power systems is provided. Discussion is devoted to problems in the following areas: (a) steady-state analysis, (b) transient and dynamic stability analysis, (c) electrical transients, and (d) electromagnetic transients. Analysis problems in each area range from those of pure simulation and adequate modeling to those of optimal control, non-linear optimization, stochastic analysis, identification techniques, and hierarchical control. Some of the key developments are discussed with reference for possible future problems.
A two‐year prospective study of prophylactic knee braces in a national sample of college football players

Data were collected during the 1986 and 1987 seasons from a representative stratified national sample of college football teams to assess the efficacy of prophylactic knee braces in reducing the incidence and/or severity of knee injuries in football players. Over the two seasons there were a combined total of 6,229 players involved, of whom 28.0% wore prophylactic knee braces, with a total of 445,856 athlete‐exposures to the possibility of being injured in a game or a practice. The results indicate that the total incidence of knee injuries was slightly higher in braced players. Further analyses indicate that braces have no impact in reducing the incidence of medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries, and there is no apparent difference in incidence among various brands of braces. There is no difference in the severity of total knee injuries or MCL injuries in braced and unbraced players when measured in days lost from participation or degree of MCL injury. When injuries in games were isolated to control f...
Neurotensin: Antinocisponsive action in rodents

Neurotensin administered intracisternally in mice increased reaction time in the hot plate test (minimum effective dose = 25 ng) and decreased writhing induced by acetic acid (minimum effective dose = 0.25 ng). At the maximum effective dose of 250 ng, the antinocisponsive action of neurotensin lasted for about 1 h. In the hot plate test, neurotensin, [Gln4]-neurotensin and [D-Ala2]-methionine enkephalinamide were all equiactive at the three dose levels examined, 0.00015, 0.015 and 1.5 nmoles/mouse. At antinocisponsive doses, mice treated intracisternally with neurotensin also were hypothermic and had reduced locomotor activity. Neurotensin, 2500 ng, administered intravenously did not produce any of the effects described above. D,L-5-Hydroxytryptophan, oxotremorine and chlorpromazine given systemically caused hypothermia but did not change reaction time in the hot plate procedure. Neurotensin, even at doses as high as 2500 ng given intracisternally, did not disrupt coordinated motor control or change the current-response relationship for electroshock-induced seizures. The antinocisponsive action of neurotensin in mice (hot plate test) was not antagonized by naloxone, cyproheptadine, methergoline, atropine, benzotropine, mecamylamine, chlorpheniramine, pyribenzamine, cimetidine, HEAT, propranolol, phenoxybenzamine, haloperidol or indomethacin. Neurotensin administered intracisternally was also an effective antinocisponsive agent in rats, as assessed in the hot plate procedure, but not in the tail-flick test. Naloxone did not antagonize this action of neurotensin in the rat. It is suggested that the antinocisponsive effect of neurotensin results from an interaction of the peptide with neurotensin-specific receptor sites in the central nervous system.
Phosphorylation on basic amino acids in myelin basic protein.

Abstract Isolated rat brain myelin when incubated with γ 32 P labelled ATP yields proteins bearing acid labile, base stable phosphoryl groups. Phosphorylated myelin basic protein can be isolated and degraded with trypsin and pronase to yield principally phosphoarginine and phosphohistidine. Only a very small amount of phosphorerine survives the base treatment used in the isolation procedure.
Studies on the analysis of nonlinear processes via functional expansions—I. Solution of nonlinear ODEs

A functional transformation approach is presented to aid in the analysis of nonlinear systems of ODEs. This approach differs from traditional linear and numerical methods in that the resulting analytic solutions reveal global information as well as the functionality of system parameters. Solutions to ODEs containing polynomial type nonlinearities are computed in a transform domain using a symbolic programming language. The fundamentals of the method are discussed, followed by two case studies demonstrating the application as well as strengths and weaknesses of the method.
Molecular modelling of polymers: 5. Inclusion of intermolecular energetics in estimating glass and crystal-melt transition temperatures

Abstract The method of constructing a quantitative structure-property relationship to estimate the glass transition temperature ( T g ) from conformational entropy and mass moments has been extended to take into account intermolecular interactions. The intermolecular energies are estimated by driving probe units about torsion angle units. The average interaction energy between a probe and the torsion angle unit is taken as a molecular descriptor used in conjunction with entropy and mass moment to construct the quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR). Three types of probe units have been considered, CH 3 , O − , and H + . QSPRs have been constructed for T g using 35 polymers, and for the melt transition temperature ( T m ) using 30 polymers. The QSPRs are formulated by performing multidimensional linear regression analysis between observed T g s( T m s) and the calculated molecular descriptors. A very significant QSPR involving backbone and side chain entropies, backbone mass moments, and the intermolecular energies of the O − and H + probes could be constructed for the glass transition data. It was not possible to formulate a significant QSPR for T m . This may be due to the spatial anisotropic nature of a polymer crystal versus a polymer glass.
Electroabsorption measurements and ab initio calculations of the dipolar properties of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole and -benzoxazole: two photostabilizers that undergo excited-state proton transfer

Abstract Electroabsorption is used to determine the difference dipole moment, ∣Δ μ ∣, and the difference polarizability, Δ α , of HBT and HBO, two molecules that undergo excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). These measurements are compared to ab initio (6-31G ∗ ) and semi-empirical (INDO1/s) calculations. Good agreement is obtained between ab initio and experimental ∣Δ μ ∣ values. However, the negative Δ α values obtained experimentally for both molecules are in disagreement with the calculated Δ α values which are positive. The absorption maxima, measured as a function of solvent polarity, support the electroabsorption results. Agreement between the observed and calulated shift requires that Δ α for both molecules be negative.
Phase Behavior and Thermal Properties of Ternary Ionic Liquid−Lithium Salt (IL−IL−LiX) Electrolytes

The phase behavior and thermal properties of ternary ionic liquid−lithium salt (IL−IL−LiX) mixtures intended for use as electrolytes for lithium batteries are reported here. It is shown that the addition of small amounts of N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (PY13FSI) to N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PY14TFSI)−lithium salt (LiTFSI or LiPF6) mixtures greatly hinders the ability of the samples to crystallize. This results in a much improved subambient temperature conductivity for the mixtures relative to the binary IL−LiX electrolytes at low temperature. The thermal stability of the mixtures is reduced by the addition of PY13FSI but remains acceptable for Li battery applications.
Gankyrin Oncoprotein: Structure, Function, and Involvement in Cancer

Gankyrin, a newly defined oncoprotein also known as PSMD10 and P28, functions as a dual-negative regulator of the two most prominent tumor suppressor pathways, the CDK/pRb and HDM2/P53 pathways. Its aberrant expression has been prevalently found in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and esophagus squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC), indicative of the potential of gankyrin as a rational diagnostic and therapeutic target in cancers. Here, we review the unique structural features and functional diversity of gankyrin, and discuss its implication in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics from the perspective of chemical biology.
Differential effects of hypnosis, biofeedback training, and trophotropic responses on anxiety, ego strength, and locus of control†‡

Pretested 60 college students on three scales: The IPAT Anxiety Scale, the Barron Ego-strength scale, and the Rotter I-E scale. The Ss then were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups designated: Hypnotic treatment, biofeedback treatment, trophotropic treatment, and control. Three of these groups met separetely for 60 minutes once a week for 8 weeks. The control group did not meet during this time. During the sessions, each group was trained in a different technique for self-regulation. At the end of the 8-week period the scales were readministered to all groups. A series of covariance analyses indicated that hypnosis was a more effective self-regulatory technique for lowering anxiety levels when compared to biofeedback or trophotropic response procedures. With regard to increasing ego strength, both the hypnotic training group and the biofeedback training group proved to be significant. No significant difference was found between the experimental and control gorups on the I-E scores.
Caching Proxying for Mobile Users

In this paper, we introduce a caching proxy architecture, which is used to (i) enable seamless device switching in the increasingly connected mobile user space, (ii) create user-based application optimizations, and (iii) realize energy savings in application contexts. We provide an overview of the static long-term gains that can be expected for individual applications using a generic cost approach and present numerical evaluations for the impact of different performance factors. We find that significant optimization potentials exist for cases of negligible computational overheads (i) downstream from the proxy if even small savings around 5% from the proxy downstream can be realized and (ii) upstream from the proxy if data needs to be replicated on the mobile user end in current multiple device scenarios.
Pathological Crying and Laughing: Treatment With Sertraline

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of sertraline for treating pathological laughing and crying after stroke. Design: Case series. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation units of a community and a tertiary-care hospital. Patients: One patient was a 62-year-old right-handed man who had two strokes approximately 2 years apart and had computed tomography consistent with a cerebral infarct involving the left middle cerebral artery branches in the left parietal lobe. A second patient was a 72-year-old right-handed man who had a right middle cerebral artery infarct. He had a questionable history of depression prior to the stroke. Intervention: Both patients had poststroke labile affect that was interfering with their rehabilitation. Sertraline was prescribed. Main Outcome Measures: Pretreatment and posttreatment scores on the Pathological Crying and Laughing Scale and Functional Independent Measure. Results: Both patients showed significant improvement after taking sertraline—improvement that was reflected in their pretreatment and posttreatment scores on the Pathological Crying and Laughing Scale and Functional Independent Measure. The staff noted improvements in sleeping, eating, social interaction, and therapy participation. Both patients tolerated the sertraline well and had no significant side effects.
The Resonance Compensation Circuit Research to Wireless Power Transfer System

This paper introduces the wireless power transfer system( WPT system ) of application prospect, introduces the WPT system of basic components, put forward the LC bridge type resonant compensation circuit topology structure, put forward the new modes to completely symmetrical resonant compensation network apply to the primary and secondary sides ; the simulation results show the effectiveness of the compensation circuits.
Microprinting of On-Chip Cultures: Patterning of Yeast Cell Microarrays Using Concanavalin-A Adhesion

Microprinting has been demonstrated effective in the patterning of surface regions for trapping cells used within microfluidic devices. In this study a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone elastomer stamp was microfabricated and used to microstamp concanavalin-A (con-A; protein that binds to yeast) on a glass surface. Yeast cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were brought into contact with patterned con-A producing an array of yeast microscale culture in an ordered array identical to the printed pattern.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Empathy and biased assimilation of testimonies in cases of alleged rape

This article examines the relationship between rape empathy and evaluations of attacker culpability. Empathy was defined as a score on the Rape Empathy Scale (RES) and whether or not subjects had previous experience with a rape victim. Summaries of the testimonies from a rape trial were presented to subjects recruited through media advertisement in a midwestern community. Ratings of responsibility were made prior to and following each summary. Although RES score was not related to participants' attributions, personal knowledge of rape victims was predictive. All participants increased their attributions of responsibility after reviewing the complainant's testimony, the first direct examination in the case for the prosecution. The ratings of participants who were acquainted with a victim remained elevated across all judgments while the subjects unacquainted with a victim lowered their attributions. At the conclusion of the transcripts the victim-acquainted subjects were more likely to find the defendant guilty of forcible rape. These findings provide evidence for two types of empathic processes, one of which appears to be involved in biased assimilation of trial evidence.