cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Coherence of Leaky-Mode Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays

The coherence of leaky-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser arrays is analyzed using a stochastic coupled-mode theory. The conditions under which the theory is applicable to leaky-mode arrays is established. Measurements are performed on fabricated arrays, which serve to verify the predictions of the stochastic theory. Theory and experiment demonstrate that the critical determinants of array coherence are uniformity among the elements and control of the array supermodes.
Pathobiology of liver fibrosis: a translational success story

Reversibility of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis following antiviral therapy for hepatitis B or C has advanced the prospect of developing antifibrotic therapies for patients with chronic liver diseases, especially non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Mechanisms of fibrosis have focused on hepatic stellate cells, which become fibrogenic myofibroblasts during injury through ‘activation’, and are at the nexus of efforts to define novel drug targets. Recent studies have clarified pathways of stellate cell gene regulation and epigenetics, emerging pathways of fibrosis regression through the recruitment and amplification of fibrolytic macrophages, nuanced responses of discrete inflammatory cell subsets and the identification of the ‘ductular reaction’ as a marker of severe injury and repair. Based on our expanded knowledge of fibrosis pathogenesis, attention is now directed towards strategies for antifibrotic therapies and regulatory challenges for conducting clinical trials with these agents. New therapies are attempting to: 1) Control or cure the primary disease or reduce tissue injury; 2) Target receptor-ligand interactions and intracellular signaling; 3) Inhibit fibrogenesis; and 4) Promote resolution of fibrosis. Progress is urgently needed in validating non-invasive markers of fibrosis progression and regression that can supplant biopsy and shorten the duration of clinical trials. Both scientific and clinical challenges remain, however the past three decades of steady progress in understanding liver fibrosis have contributed to an emerging translational success story, with realistic hopes for antifibrotic therapies to treat patients with chronic liver disease in the near future.
Optimal Speed Profiles for Sustainable Driving of Electric Vehicles

This paper provides new insights into the feasibility of energy optimal transportation by exploiting weather conditions using road surface and wind data. The approach proposes to alter the speed profile along a route, depending on available weather data. It also incorporates energy optimal routing. The task is formulated as a deterministic as well as a robust optimization problem, where weather conditions either are assumed to be known exactly or within certain uncertainty bounds. Driving strategies are suggested and simulations illustrate the achievable efficiency improvements.
The Health Care We Are Left With

Since the inception of the Affordable Care Act (the ACA) six years ago, the nation’s struggle over the proper provision of health care has been fought on many fronts, with both sides remaining passionately true to their convictions. Instances where both patients and providers initially underestimated would-be tenets of the ACA can offer as much insight as outright Congressional mistakes in crafting the law. On the cusp of the iron anniversary for health care reform, this article offers examples of both the ACA’s shortcomings and successes, as well as topics that were resolved in 2015.
Recurrent gene fusions in prostate cancer: ETV1 class of fusions

CN02-04 The discovery of BCR-ABL1 gene fusion in chronic myelogenous leukemia helped to understand the role of chromosomal aberrations in carcinogenesis and has also served as a target for effective therapeutic intervention. Recently, we reported the discovery of recurrent gene fusion events in prostate cancer, a common epithelial carcinoma. These gene fusions juxtaposed the 59 untranslated region of the androgen-regulated gene TMPRSS2 and the ETS (E26 transformation-specific) family genes ERG, ETV1 or ETV4 in most prostate cancers. Characterization of prostate tumors that overexpress ETV1 has now identified several new 59 fusion partners. The list of novel 5’ partners include, untranslated regions from a prostate-specific androgen-induced gene (SLC45A3) and an endogenous retroviral element (HERV-K_22q11.23), a prostate-specific androgen-repressed gene (C15orf21), and a strongly expressed housekeeping gene (HNRPA2B1). Among the two ETV1 overexpressing prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and MDA-PCa 2B, we observed a rearrangement of the entire ETV1 locus (7p21) to a 1.5-megabase prostate-specific region at 14q13.3-14q21.1 in both LNCaP cells (cryptic insertion) and MDA-PCa 2B cells (balanced translocation). Functional aspects of ETV1 overexpression was studied in vitro and in vivo. In both benign prostate cells and in the mouse prostate ETV1 overexpression confered neoplastic phenotypes. Thus, identification of distinct classes of ETS gene rearrangements demonstrates that dormant oncogenes can be activated in prostate cancer by juxtaposition to tissue-specific or ubiquitously active genomic loci.
Differential Role of KIR Channel and Na+/K+-Pump in the Regulation of Extracellular K+ in Rat Hippocampus

Little information is available on the specific roles of different cellular mechanisms involved in extracellular K+ homeostasis during neuronal activity in situ. These studies have been hampered by...
COMPARISONS OF PRIMATE CATALASE TRYPTIC PEPTIDES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STUDY OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION.

With the development of new techniques in protein chemistry, the analysis of genetic differences between species can be carried out utilizing characters only a few steps removed from the actual genetic material. Our present understanding of the mechanisms involved in organic evolution is only to a very minimal degree based upon information about the many mutations acquired by a single homologous gene in the course of its divergent evolution in different species. If the observable differences in the amino acid composition of a given protein are due to differences in the base pairs within the structural gene, then these amino acid differences reflect some of the intragenic changes which have become incorporated in species during their evolutionary development. On the basis of specific amino acid substitutions in the various polypeptide chains of hemoglobin (Buettner-Janusch and Hill, 1965a; Zuckerkandl and Pauling, 1965; Ingram, 1961; Braunitzer et al., 1965) and cytochrome c (Margoliash and Smith, 1965), a number of speculations on evolutionary relationships and time scales have been presented. It is the purpose of this study to provide preliminary data on another protein, erythrocyte catalase, from several primate species. These data were obtained by comparing the two-dimensional patterns, frequently referred to as "fingerprints," formed by tryptic peptides when subjected to chromatography and high voltage electrophoresis. Insofar as differences in peptides reflect differences in the structural gene, these data, as well as those for the amino acid sequences in hemoglobin and cytochrome c are used to illustrate the extension of analyses such as those by Zuckerkandl (1965) and Margoliash and Smith (1965). A new application of the statistical methods of Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards (1964) is also presented which permits the development of evolutionary schemes for single genes with estimated rates of change in each phylogenetic line.
A Steady-State Model for Coupled Defect Impurity Diffusion in Silicon

We extend our earlier model which was proposed to explain tails in the diffusion profiles of high concentration boron and phosphorus in silicon. Our quasi-steady-state approach is generalized here to include both vacancies (V) and interstitials (I) at equivalent levels. I-V recombination is regarded as near local equilibrium, occurring through reactions of the defects with defect-impurity pairs. This approach leads to the well-known plateau, kink and tail in high surface concentration P diffusions in Si and to the less well recognized tails in B as well. Our extended model, in its simplest form, allows a more complete and less restrictive treatment of Au diffusion in Si. An important advantage is the direct inclusion of these defect-impurity interactions and the resulting gradients in the defect concentrations.
Characterization of the effect of seeds on gibberellin metabolism in pea pericarp

In pea (Pisum sativum) pod (pericarp) growth requires the presence of seeds (Eeuwens and Schwabe, 1975). Developing seeds contain high levels of gibberellins (GAs)(Ingram and Browning, 1979; Ingram et al. 1985); and the seed requirement can be replaced by application of the plant hormone, GA (Eeuwens and Schwabe, 1975; Sponsel, 1982). Based on these three pieces of evidence, it has been assumed that seeds are the direct source of GAs for pericarp growth. However, Sponsel (1982) forwarded an alternative hypothesis that the presence of seeds may indirectly maintain GA biosynthesis in the pericarp. Recently Maki (1990) has shown that pericarp tissue has the ability to metabolize [2H]-GA53to [2H]-GA20and [211-GA1but only when the pericarp is intact and attached to the plant. This report describes preliminary work that tests this alternative hypothesis. These studies, which will be documented elsewhere in full, characterize the effect of seeds on GA metabolism in pea pericarp.
Studies of renal function in children with chronic hydronephrosis.

Quantitative measurement of glomerular filtration rate, urinary concentrating capacity, and urinary acidification capacity; their role in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of bilateral chronic nephrosis due to congenital urinary tract obstruction.
Nephrostomy Tube Replacement Using a Steerable Catheter

AbstractA method is described to replace the nephrostomy tube using fluoroscopy and a steerable catheter system.
Reflections on Macroeconomics Then and Now

Many of the answers to key macroeconomic policy questions have changed markedly over the past half-century or so. While much of the analytical approach of the past remains valid, there have been important changes in the economic environment. Estimates of Phillips Curves are flatter than in the past; productivity growth is lower and concerns have arisen over secular stagnation; monetary policy has been affected by the zero lower bound and changes in the financial sector; activist fiscal policy seems to have fallen out of favor, and changes in the energy industry may have altered the relationship between the economy and the price of oil. The result is that some of the answers to policy issues are now different because the problems of today were not evident 50 years ago.
American Slaughterhouses and the Need for Speed: An Examination of the Meatpacking-Methamphetamine Hypothesis:

In Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser argues that slaughterhouse workers use methamphetamines to manage the harsh physical and emotional demands of the meatpacking industry. Similar ideas have been r...
Genomics of Immunotherapy-Associated Hyperprogressors—Response

Forschner and colleagues reported a patient with melanoma who experienced rapid increase in tumor burden while being treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab (246% and 377% increase compared with baseline after 1 and 3 months, respectively). The patient's tumor continued to spread quickly after
Primes represented by positive definite binary quadratic forms

Let $f$ be a primitive positive definite integral binary quadratic form of discriminant $-D$ and let $\pi_f(x)$ be the number of primes up to $x$ which are represented by $f$. We prove several types of upper bounds for $\pi_f(x)$ within a constant factor of its asymptotic size: unconditional, conditional on the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), and for almost all discriminants. The key feature of these estimates is that they hold whenever $x$ exceeds a small power of $D$ and, in some cases, this range of $x$ is essentially best possible. In particular, if $f$ is reduced then this optimal range of $x$ is achieved for almost all discriminants or by assuming GRH. We also exhibit an upper bound for the number of primes represented by $f$ in a short interval and a lower bound for the number of small integers represented by $f$ which have few prime factors.
A Survey of Social Media, Big Data, Data Mining, and Analytics

Big Data is a very popular term today. Everywhere you turn companies and organizations are talking about their Big Data solutions and Analytic applications. The source of the data used in these app...
“Well, good luck with that”: reactions to learning of increased genetic risk for Alzheimer disease

Apolipoprotein-E (APOE) genetic testing to estimate risk for developing late-onset Alzheimer disease is increasingly being offered without prior genetic counseling or preparation. Consumer interest continues to grow, raising the question of how best to conduct such testing. Twenty-six semistructured interviews were carried out to study the reactions of individuals who had already learned of their higher risk after APOE testing had been done because of a family history of Alzheimer disease, or from genetic tests done for other health-related or general-interest reasons. Adverse psychological reactions were reported by a substantial fraction of the participants, including those who had specifically sought testing, those for whom the information came as a surprise, those with a family history, and those with no known history. Still, nearly all of those interviewed said that they had benefited in the long term from lifestyle changes, often learned from online sources, that they subsequently made. The results show that people should be prepared prior to any genetic testing and allowed to opt out of particular tests. If testing is carried out and a higher risk is revealed, they should be actively assisted in deciding how to proceed.
Bipolar disorder in primary care: a qualitative study of clinician and patient experiences with diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To understand primary care patients' and clinicians' experiences with diagnosis and treatment of patients with bipolar disorder in primary care. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using thematic content analysis of individual interviews with nine primary care clinicians and six patients from Federally Qualified Health Centers to understand their experiences with the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder. Results Themes of bipolar disorder detection, referral to specialty mental health care and medication treatment emerged from individual interviews with primary care patients and clinicians. Clinicians and patients faced challenges deciding to continue with care in primary care that is easier to access, but less intensive, than specialty care that can be harder to access but at times of higher quality. Conclusions Potential next steps in research include identifying ways to support primary care clinicians in detection of patients with bipolar disorder, and strategies to support treatment of patients in primary care with easier access to specialty care including consultation in primary care or co-management with specialty care.
The coverage problem for random testing

Random testing is frequently an attractive alternative to deterministic test generation. How to estimate the coverage obtained by random testing is an important problem. This paper considers a possible technique for combinational circuits. Random testing properties of several combinational circuits are examined.
Does patient size matter in NM dosimetry

1445 Objectives To quantify how patient size affects Nuclear Medicine radiation doses, and assess how important this factor is likely to be in clinical practice. Methods We investigated radiation doses to patients from eight most common radiopharmaceuticals including 99mTc HMPAO, 99mTc sulphur colloid, 99mTc DTPA, 99mTc MAA, 99mTc MDP, 111In, and 123I (0 and 5% uptake) used in several Nuclear Medicine imaging. Effective doses per unit administered activities (mSv/MBq) are available in the scientific literature for normal sized 70 kg adults and for children aged 10 years (~ 33 kg) and 15 years (~ 54 kg). Plots of relative effective dose per unit activity as a function of patient weight were generated, and averaged over all eight radiopharmaceuticals. The plot or relative effective dose as a function of patient weight permits estimation of effective dose to any size patient by interpolation/extrapolation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website was accessed to obtain data on the average weight of American males and females. The effective dose estimated for a standard 70 kg adult was compared to the effective dose to an average American male and female assuming a constant administered activity. Results A plot of effective dose per unit administered activity versus patient weight exhibited a power law relationship, with effective dose proportional to W-1.45 (r > 0.91). In 2009, the average American male weighed 89 kg, and the average female weighed 75 kg. Use of standard effective dose per unit administered activity conversion factors, which are valid for 70 kg adults, would overestimate male and female effective doses by 40% and 10%, respectively. Conclusions Use of patient size specific doses is possible, and will substantially reduce effective dose estimates from nuclear imaging in the US. Administering weight adjusted radioactivity in clinical protocols would help optimize nuclear medicine imaging
The Dynasty Trust in Ohio: A Short, Rigid, or Uncertain Reign

Ohio joined the ranks of states that permit dynasty trusts in 1999. A settlor may opt-out of the Ohio common law Rule against Perpetuities and stipulate that her irrevocable trust last for hundreds of years or even continue forever. The common law Rule continues to apply, however, to the exercise of non-general powers of appointment within a trust that has opted-out of the common law Rule. This restriction severely limits the ability of an opt-out trust to adjust to future circumstances. The limitation is so severe that a settlor must choose between a trust that remains subject to the short, common law Rule or a trust that opts-out and then either lives a perpetual but rigid existence or faces an uncertain future because beneficiaries will seek its modification or termination.The statutory defects are curable. Trusts of unlimited duration can permit valid exercise of non-general powers when the statute clearly measures validity of an exercise from creation of the irrevocable trust. If the applicable law also provides that exercise of an inter-vivos general power starts a new perpetuities period, the holder of a power within a dynasty trust also may allow a beneficiary to escape the dynasty trust when that produces a favorable result.
Association between increasing body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer screening: Analysis of the 2016 behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey.

e18618Background: Prior studies suggest that obese women demonstrate reduced breast cancer screening rates. These studies however were limited in their ability to adjust for potential confounding f...
Outpatient Evaluation and Management Visits for Urinary Incontinence in Older Women

Purpose:The aims of this investigation were to examine how often outpatient visits addressing urinary incontinence in women with self-reported incontinence symptoms occur and to explore characteris...
Motorized scooter injuries in the era of scooter-shares: A review of the national electronic surveillance system

Abstract Introduction There has been a spike in recent news regarding motorized scooter injuries due to the expansion of scooter sharing companies. Given the paucity of literature on this topic, the purpose of our study was to describe and quantify emergency department encounters associated with motorized scooter related injuries. Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for motorized scooter related injuries from 2013 to 2017. Patient demographics, diagnosis, injury location, narrative description of incident, and disposition data were collected from emergency department encounters. Results There were an estimated 32,400 motorized scooter injuries from 2013 to 2017. The estimated incidence did not change significantly over time with 1.9 cases per 100,000 in 2013 and 2.6 cases per 100,000 in 2017. A 77.0% increase in scooter injuries was noted for millennials from 2016 to 2017. Head injuries were the most common body area injured (27.6%). Fractures or dislocations (25.9%) were the most common diagnosis. The most common site of fracture was the wrist and lower arm (35.4%). There were no deaths. Major orthopaedic injury and concussion were the strongest independent predictors of hospital admission. Conclusions Head injuries were the most commonly injured body part, while fractures or dislocations were the most common diagnosis. These results highlight the importance of using protective equipment while riding motorized scooters, and lay a foundation for future policies requiring helmet use.
Glutamate-ammonia ligase promotes lung cancer cell growth through an enzyme-independent upregulation of CaMK2G under a glutamine-sufficient condition

SUMMARY Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL) is highly expressed in many cancer cells. Synthesizing glutamine by its enzyme function has been found to be important for supporting cancer cell survival and growth under glutamine restriction. However, GLUL’s functions under a glutamine-sufficient condition still have not been uncovered. Here we find that GLUL is highly expressed in lung cancer cells and provides survival and growth advantages under both glutamine restriction and adequacy conditions. Knocking down GLUL can block lung cancer cell growth in an enzyme-independent way when glutamine is sufficient. Mechanistically, GLUL regulates Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase II Gamma (CaMK2G) expression at the transcription level, and CaMK2G is a major mediator in controlling cell growth under GLUL. The transcriptional regulation of CaMK2G is partially mediated by SMAD4. Our data unveil a new enzyme-independent function of GLUL in lung cancer cells under a glutamine-sufficient condition.
Observations on the rare earths—LXX☆

Abstract Chelates of the types Ln(HEDTA)·xH2O and Ba[Ln(DCTA)]2·yH2O have been isolated for neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium and yttrium by precipitation with alcohols. X-ray diffraction data show isomorphism within each series of compounds. Magnetic susceptibility data for several of these chelates and the corresponding ethylenediaminetetraacetate chelates indicate that the 4f electrons are not involved in bond formation. Absorption spectra data confirm this conclusion and indicate further that no correlation exists between alterations in absorption characteristics and chelate stability. Infra-red data and dehydration studies suggest that in Ln(HEDTA)·xH2O-type compounds, five co-ordination positions are occupied by the chelating agent and the sixth by water.
How I do it: en-bloc subaxial cervical laminectomy using a high-speed drill with a footplate attachment

Cervical laminectomy is a common strategy to decompress the spinal canal. The anatomy of the cervical spine and surrounding critical structures as viewed from the posterior approach is described. The use of a high-speed drill with a footplate attachment to make laminar troughs with an en-bloc subaxial cervical laminectomy is described with a discussion on surgical technique and complication avoidance. This technique allows for a safe, comfortable, and rapid decompression of the cervical spine with minimal risk. For routine cases, this may potentially be more safe and cost-effective than using a cutting bur or bone scalpel attachment.
Persistence of enterocolitis following diversion of faecal stream in Hirschsprung's disease

Mucosal defence mechanisms of the excluded bowel were studied in 12 patients with Hirschsprung's disease. The entire resected segment of colon obtained following Swenson's operation was cut at 0.5-cm intervals and serially examined by routine haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunocytochemistry, and mucin histochemistry. Seven patients who had clinical evidence of enterocolitis prior to defunctioning colostomy showed histological and immunological evidence of enterocolitis (crypt abscesses, ulceration, leucocyte aggregation, Paneth cell metaplasia, and marked immunocyte responses) in the excluded bowel even several months after diversion of the faecal stream. Mucin histochemistry showed marked depletion of neutral mucins and sulphomucins in the excluded bowel with inflammatory changes and reversal of the sialo- to sulphomucin ratio. These results indicate that patients with enterocolitis complicating Hirschsprung's disease have persistent inflammatory changes in the excluded large bowel after diversion of the faecal stream by colostomy. Environmental factors such as bacterial stimulation and proliferation probably cause inhibition of cell renewal, resulting in abnormalities of mucin fractions. Changes in mucin composition, which is an important mechanical and chemical factor of the mucosal defence mechanism, may lead to altered susceptibility to bacterial degradation and hence may be important in the pathogenesis of enterocolitis.
Further Results on “Design Guidelines to Avoid Bifurcation in a Series–Series Compensated IPTS”: Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Validations

We read with interest an article by Aditya and Williamson, published in the IEEE TRANSACTION ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS (vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 3973–3982, May 2019). In this work, an efficient set of design guidelines is proposed in order to eliminate the bifurcation phenomenon occurred in a magnetic resonant wireless power transfer system (WPTS) configured in series. The central objective of the method is to restrict the minimum distance, and therefore, the coupling coefficient, between the transmitter and receiver. However, we revealed that the condition used by the authors is not necessarily correct in general. This letter provides corrections and further analysis of this issue. Our results show that the bifurcation behavior is not a universal property; there exist certain regions of system parameters at which it is not present for any coupling strength. This theoretical hypothesis is validated experimentally. The fundamental dynamics of the two-coil resonant coupled WPTS are also investigated.
Who thinks removing Confederate icons violates free speech

The belief that removing Confederate icons from public spaces violates free expression rights occasionally makes its way into the national discourse. Because rights-based claims represent ostensibl...
A reverse 230U/226Th radionuclide generator for targeted alpha therapy applications

Abstract Purpose Thorium-226 (half-life 30.6 m) is a radionuclide of interest for use in targeted alpha therapy applications. Due to its short half-life, 226Th must be provided through a radionuclide generator system from its parent 230U (20.8 d). Furthermore, as the half-life of 226Th is very short, it should be provided in a form that is directly amenable to use in biomedical applications. Methods A reverse radionuclide generator system was developed employing a DGA extraction chromatography column. A 230U/226Th parent/daughter solution in equilibrium is added to a DGA column in >6 M HCl. The parent 230U is eluted first in 0.1 M HNO3 followed by elution of 226Th in 0.1 M citrate buffer pH 5. Results Thorium-226 was recovered from the radionuclide generator column with >96% yield. Greater than 99.5% of the 230U parent was isolated for reuse in the generator. Long term evaluation over six weeks demonstrated consistent supply of 226Th with greater than 99.5% radionuclidic purity. The only contaminant found in the final product was 230U ( Conclusions The reverse radionuclide generator described herein was shown to be a feasible method for providing 226Th in high yield, purity and in a chemical form that is amenable for direct use in biomedical applications.
Multinuclear NMR studies of water in solutions of simple carbohydrates.: II. Oxygen-17 relaxation

Oxygen-17 water relaxation is reported for the series of α(1 → 4) linked glucans, glucose to maltoheptaose over a wide range of sugar concentrations. The results can be interpreted quantitatively using a two-site exchange model where the ‘bound’ water reorients anisotropically. The effect of carbohydrate chain length on the fast and slow correlation times characterizing the bound water reorientation is discussed. Comparison is also made with the correlation times derived using deuterium relaxation.
The Pedagogy of the Job Guarantee

In this article, we offer a pedagogical framework that explores possibilities for the democratic control over socio-economic life via a Job Guarantee (JG), the legally guaranteed and publicly financed right to productive work with benefits wherever one lives, or wants to live. In the first part of the JG project, students interview local leaders and residents to gauge what people can do for each other. Through these interviews, students and community members identify untapped possibilities and think about matching local needs with local skills in a collaborative process. The interviews and other class activities are designed to familiarize students with the JG framing that sees unemployed people as an asset not a burden. This framework challenges the dehumanizing idea that people can be superfluous, useless, a threat, or a burden. We also situate the JG as part of Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) and discuss money as a governance mechanism that enables people to organize, and potentially democratize, socio-economic life.
First-Person, Third-Person, or Bystander? Exploring the Persuasive Influence of Perspective in Mental Health Narratives.

As evidence suggests that college students are particularly vulnerable to mental health distress and illness, guidance for designing messages that inspire help-seeking behavior is needed. The purpo...
Lipstick on His Collar

Lipstick is much more than a make-up product that colors the lips; it is a powerful tool of seduction that has been used since ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt. Lipstick on His Collar celebrates a sense of powerful femininity through the imagery of lipstick. The textile design explores the theme of camouflage through both the social camouflage of wanting to be accepted by society and the visual blending of colors. Block printing and silk painting techniques were used for surface designs. The garment is designed to fall between the constraints of lingerie and ready-to-wear. The patterns were created primarily using Optitex PDS. The detailed trims pull from the past, while the flirty silhouette and pattern are more youthful and modern. This vintage/modern dichotomy is also reflected across the two garments; the floor length kimono is rooted in the past with modernization in the silhouette while the romper is fresh with vintage-y details.
Multiparametric cardiac 18F-FDG PET in humans: Pilot comparison of FDG delivery rate with 82Rb myocardial blood flow

Myocardial blood flow (MBF) and flow reserve are usually quantified in the clinic with positron emission tomography (PET) using a perfusion-specific radiotracer (e.g., 82Rb-chloride). However, the clinical accessibility of existing perfusion tracers remains limited. Meanwhile, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a commonly used radiotracer for PET metabolic imaging without similar limitations. In this paper, we explore the potential of 18F-FDG for myocardial perfusion imaging by comparing the myocardial FDG delivery rate K1 with MBF as determined by dynamic 82Rb PET in fourteen human subjects with heart disease. Two sets of FDG K1 were derived from one-hour dynamic FDG scans. One was the original FDG K1 estimates and the other was the corresponding K1 values that were linearly normalized for blood glucose levels. A generalized Renkin-Crone model was used to fit FDG K1 with Rb MBF, which then allowed for a nonlinear extraction fraction correction for converting FDG K1 to MBF. The linear correlation between FDG-derived MBF and Rb MBF was moderate (r=0.79) before the glucose normalization and became much improved (r>0.9) after glucose normalization. The extraction fraction of FDG was also similar to that of Rb-chloride in the myocardium. The results from this pilot study suggest that dynamic cardiac FDG-PET with tracer kinetic modeling has the potential to provide MBF in addition to its conventional use for metabolic imaging.
Corrigendum to Secondary Impacts of Evidence-Based Treatment Training and Provision on Children’s Mental Health Care [Children and Youth Services Review Volume 128(September 2021) 106136]

The authors and the journal regret that the printed version of the above article contained a number of errors. The correct and final version follows. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
INTRODUCCIÓN AL USO DE COAGULANTES NATURALES EN LOS PROCESOS DE POTABILIZACIÓN DEL AGUA

El acceso al recurso hidrico es una de las necesidades basicas para la supervivencia de los seres humanos y animales, por ende, es necesario buscar estrategias y procesos que mejoren la calidad del agua potable, basada en procesos sustentables, amigables con el medio ambiente y seguro para el consumo humano. Por tanto, el presente articulo realiza una revision detallada del uso de coagulantes naturales en el tratamiento de agua potable con el proposito de reemplazar los coagulantes quimicos, mediante el uso de base de datos academicas y cientificas, se encuentra que los aglomerantes son a base de bacterias, animales y plantas como la Opuntia Ficus Indica, y entre otros coagulantes que son viables para presentarse como alternativas naturales en el proceso de coagulacion para la potabilizacion del recurso hidrico.
Modified Starnes procedure as a bridge to 2-ventricle repair in neonatal Ebstein's anomaly: A paradigm shift.

Severe tricuspid valve regurgitation secondary to Ebstein's anomaly represents several challenges in neonates. It can result in significant respiratory and/or hemodynamic compromise that mandates urgent interventions. When conservative management fails, 2 surgical options are available: tricuspid valve repair or single ventricle palliation. The overall results of neonatal tricuspid valve repair are unsatisfactory especially in sick neonates and those with preoperative hemodynamic instability. Single ventricle palliation utilizing the Starnes procedure with right ventricular exclusion provides a quicker way to improve hemodynamics and allows rapid decompression of the right ventricle but carries the long-term disadvantages of the single ventricle pathway. We were recently faced with a challenging case of neonatal Ebstein's anomaly resulting in severe tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) and significant hemodynamic and respiratory instability. We performed an initial stage I palliation with a modified Starnes' procedure, which allowed stabilization and rapid recovery of the patient to be followed 5 months later with conversion to 2-ventricle repair using the cone technique. We believe combining these 2 strategies for suitable neonatal candidates may be a useful technique that should be considered in the algorithm for neonatal Ebstein's anomaly.
Resistance Prediction on Submerged Axisymmetric Bodies Fitted with Turbulent Spot Inducers

A method to predict bare hull ship resistance is presented in this article. Hull resistance is assumed to consist of friction drag and residual drag. The friction drag coefficient is represented by an equivalent flat plate coefficient multiplied by a form factor to incorporate effects of body geometry and boundary layer (BL) characteristics on drag. Theories of form factors including the effect of BL transition locations have been successfully derived. Form factors are shown to have a noticeable effect on body drag at high Reynolds numbers (Re) and a significant effect at model Re. Residual drag coefficient is obtained from model tests with application of scaling formulae to relate model scale residual drag coefficient to full scale drag coefficient. To address the issue of laminar flow on models in residual drag measurements, a new device termed a “turbulent spot inducer” is introduced in model tests. Finally, a new scaling formula to relate model scale residual drag coefficient to full scale residual drag coefficient with the flow on body surface partly laminar and partly turbulent is derived. It is shown that a traditional 1 + K scaling method used in the marine industry is a special case of the newly derived residual drag scaling formula.
The Scientific Status of Social Psychology

Modern social psychology is characterized by a fundamental commitment to the experimental method (Aronson, Brewer, & Carlsmith, 1985; Aronson & Carlsmith, 1968). However, faith in the experimental method, and confidence in the prospects for a “mainstream” social psychology grounded by it, have been subjected to tremors of doubt. Indeed, it is easy to identify a specific period—the 1960s—during which the legacy of experimental social psychology was first challenged in dramatic fashion. The repercussions of that challenge to orthodoxy constitute much of the subject matter of this book, and as a precursor, the nature of that challenge is reviewed in this chapter.
Age-related gut dysbiosis contributes to age-related colitis and colon cancer risk and appears B7-H1-dependent. (HUM8P.352)

Gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) can contribute to intestinal inflammation. Inflammation-driven colon cancer is a leading cause of death in the aged. We hypothesize that intestinal dysbiosis occurs with age and contributes to colon cancer susceptibility. We found that aged mice (~20 mos) had increased basal colon inflammation. Young mice (~3 mos) treated with AOM/DSS, an established model of inflammation-driven colon cancer, got transient colitis followed by colon cancer as expected. By striking contrast, aged mice on AOM/DSS developed severe, fatal, acute colitis preventing carcinogenesis studies. We also found that the colon microbiome is age-dependent. Gut flora-ablating antibiotics (abx) in young mice on AOM/DSS did not alter acute colitis or cancer. Strikingly, old mice on abx were highly protected from AOM/DSS-induced colitis and colon cancer, consistent with age-related dysbiosis causing increased risk for colitis and inflammation driven-colon cancer. PD-1 regulates gut flora in young mice and B7-H1 is its ligand. Aged B7-H1-/- mice given AOM/DSS, but no abx, did not develop acute colitis or colon cancer, suggesting that B7-H1 mediates age-related gut dysbiosis, inflammation and colon cancer risk. Taken together, our data suggest that age-related, B7-H1-dependent gut dysbiosis increases colon inflammation and susceptibility to colon carcinogenesis. Ongoing co-housing (WT/B7-H1 and young/aged) and other studies are defining specific immune mechanisms.
An improved technique for the near infrared study of water binding by proteins. Illustration with gelatin.

Abstract A description is presented of cells designed to minimize certain limitations of sampling methods generally used for near infrared studies of water binding by proteins or other polymers. The g per cm2 of both protein and of bound water in the optical path can be varied over a considerable range, and the amount of each can be determined independently by appropriate weighings. When the method was applied to a film consisting of 18.4 mg of gelatin per cm2, bands due to the presence of bound water were exhibited near 1.45, 1.6, 1.8, 1.95, 2.1, 2.25, and 2.5 μm (6897, 6250, 5556, 5128, 4762, 4444, and 4000 cm−1, respectively). Comparisons to previously reported results, the dependence of the resolution of these bands upon the percent of water present, and the possible forms of water which some of the bands may represent, are discussed.
Asian indian immigrant women : A theoretical perspective on mental health

ABSTRACT The present paper is an attempt to understand various theories that explain mental health issues of Asian Indian immigrant women. It further explores depression as a threat to mental health and also examines the various supports to mental health. The literature will delve into the ways in which systems deter or promote members of the chosen population in the maintenance of optimal health and well-being, implication for the Human Behavior in the Social Environment (HBSE) curriculum, and future research needs are also explored. The paper looks specifically at middle-class women from first and second generations. It would also make an effort to understand the concept of mental health, women and mental health, the immigration history, and the Asian Indian immigrant family. This is imperative, as it would provide a better understanding of these issues among Asian Indian immigrant women. Knowledge of these issues will help the social work practitioners and counselors to deal effectively with the Indian...
Combination Systemic Fluorouracil and Radiation for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Condyloma with Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Immunocompromised 15-Year-Old Girl

Condylomata acuminata (CA), or anogenital warts, are typically benign lesions caused by human papillomavirus infection. Although they are rare, immunocompromised individuals are at a higher risk of CA undergoing transformation into invasive anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). These patients need aggressive evaluation and management. Treatment of CA is challenging, particularly for immunocompromised hosts, in whom warts are resistant to treatment and commonly recur. Currently, there is no gold standard treatment for CA, especially in children and immunodeficient individuals. We report the case of a 15-year-old immunocompromised girl with severe recalcitrant condyloma that resolved after a course of systemic 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and radiation therapy for SCC.
Calculating with pointer structures

Based on the algebra of relations and maps we present some techniques for safe manipulation of pointer structures, with a special emphasis on tree-like structures. We investigate sufficient criteria for preservation of substructures under selective updating. The approach is illustrated with some simple examples.
2,2,2‐Tribromoethyl Chloroformate

[17182-43-3] C3H2Br3ClO2 (MW 345.20) InChI = 1S/C3H2Br3ClO2/c4-3(5,6)1-9-2(7)8/h1H2 InChIKey = CVIJTVPSUNZYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (protecting agent for alcohols1, 2 and carboxylic acids3) Physical Data: bp 47–50 °C/0.05 mmHg, 103 °C/10 mmHg. Form Supplied in: no longer commercially available. Preparative Method: prepared1 by the reaction of 2,2,2-tribromoethanol with Phosgene in benzene under pyridine catalysis. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: although no details are available, the high toxicity and the lachrymatory and corrosive nature of the closely related 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl Chloroformate suggest that 2,2,2-tribromoethyl chloroformate should be handled with caution.
Thermodynamic and structural properties of model systems at solid-fluid coexistence: I. Fcc and bcc soft spheres

Coexistence between the fluid and solid phases of systems modelled by the inverse-power potential φ(r) = e(σ/r) n is studied as a function of the potential softness s ≡ 1/n. Beginning from the fcc fluid coexistence point of hard spheres (s = 0), the Gibbs-Duhem integration molecular simulation technique is applied to trace out the solid-fluid transition pressure (reciprocal temperature) in increments of 0·01 in s, reaching a maximum s = 0·33. System sizes of the order of 500 spheres are used to model each phase, and a systematic study of finite-size effects is not attempted; thus results for s nearing its maximum are only tentative. Significant disagreement is seen with the results of early studies of inverse-power systems (for n = 12, 9, 6, and 4), while confirmation of more recent data (for n = 12 and 6) is found. Freezing into a bcc crystal is also investigated, and it is estimated that for softness s > 0·16 the bcc phase is the stable one at freezing. Coexistence between the fcc and bcc phases is not ...
The conformational preference (a value) of deuterium in monodeuteriocyclohexane from deuteron integration at low temperatures

Abstract The A value of deuterium in cyclohexane-d1 is shown to be 8.3±1.5 cal/mol by peak integration of the deuteron NMR spectrum at −95 °C; this is in disagreement with a previous measurement (22±5 cal/mol) by this method reported by Aydin and Gunther, but is close to the A value (6.3±1.5 cal/mol) deduced previously from data on cyclohexane-d10 isotopomers.
PURIFICATION OF PEG-PROTEIN CONJUGATES BY COUNTERCURRENT DISTRIBUTION IN AQUEOUS TWO-PHASE SYSTEMS

Purification of PEG-protein conjugates by countercurrent distribution (CCD) in aqueous two-phase systems is reported. By using CCD in 19.36% PEG 3400/14.68% potassium phosphate, we can separate PEG-lysozyme conjugates, which contains an average number of 1.14 PEG per lysozyme, into three peaks with 55 number of transfers. Further analysis of the samples reveals that these three peaks mainly represent unmodified lysozyme, (PEG)1-lysozyme and (PEG)2-lysozyme.
Optical properties of thermally crystallized poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The optical properties of thermally crystallized polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were investigated using the methods of small-angle light scattering, density, and haze measurements. The results indicate that the haze in crystallized PET results from scattering due to crystalline aggregates called spherulites. The formation of spherulites can lead to high levels of haze even at very low levels of crystallinity. A detailed analysis of polarized light-scattering patterns was employed in order to define the various structural parameters responsible for haze. The relationships between haze, crystallinity, spherulite size, and volume fraction of spherulites were developed for PET.
Intelligent control of a micromanipulator actuated with shape memory alloy tendons

During the past 20 years, tremendous advancements have been made in the fields of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and minimally invasive robotic assisted (MIRA) surgery. The technologies associated with these advancements have their own drawbacks, however. The surgical robots used in MIRA procedures are large, costly, and do not offer the miniaturized articulation necessary to facilitate additional advancements. This research tests the hypothesis that miniature actuation can overcome some of the limitations of current robotic systems by demonstrating accurate, repeatable control of a small end-effector. A simple two link manipulator is designed and fabricated, using antagonistic shape memory alloy (SMA) tendons as actuators, to simulate motions of a surgical end-effector. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used in conjunction with real-time visual feedback to "learn" the inverse system dynamics and control the manipulator endpoint trajectory. Experimental results are presented for indirect, on-line learning and control. Manipulator tip trajectories are shown to be accurate and repeatable to within 0.5 mm. These results confirm that SMAs can be effective actuators for miniature surgical robotic systems, and that intelligent control can be used to accurately control the trajectory of these systems.
The NBS-LANL RTM End-Magnet Field Mapper

A computer-controlled magnetic field mapper is under construction at the National Bureau of Standards to map the end magnets of the NBS-LANL racetrack microtron (RTM). The mapper consists of a large, two-dimensional translation stage which simultaneously positions a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnetometer probe in the 55 cm × 135 cm uniform field region and a temperature-compensated Hall effect probe in the fringe field region. A computer-based control system automatically positions the probes at points on a selected grid and records the measured field values and positions in computer memory. In this paper we describe the field mapping requirements, the mapper, its operation, and the field measurements and analysis that are to be performed.