cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Visualization of microbleeds with optical histology in mouse model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a neurovascular disease that is strongly associated with an increase in the number and size of spontaneous microbleeds. Conventional methods of magnetic resonance imaging for detection of microbleeds, and positron emission tomography with Pittsburgh Compound B imaging for amyloid deposits, can separately demonstrate the presence of microbleeds and CAA in affected brains in vivo; however, there still is a critical need for strong evidence that shows involvement of CAA in microbleed formation. Here, we show in a Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, that the combination of histochemical staining and an optical clearing method called optical histology, enables simultaneous, co-registered three-dimensional visualization of cerebral microvasculature, microbleeds, and amyloid deposits. Our data suggest that microbleeds are localized within the brain regions affected by vascular amyloid deposits. All observed microhemorrhages (n=39) were in close proximity (0 to 144 μm) with vessels affected by CAA. Our data suggest that the predominant type of CAA-related microbleed is associated with leaky or ruptured hemorrhagic microvasculature. The proposed methodological and instrumental approach will allow future study of the relationship between CAA and microbleeds during disease development and in response to treatment strategies.
Shaping metallic glasses by electromagnetic pulsing

With damage tolerance rivalling advanced engineering alloys and thermoplastic forming capabilities analogous to conventional plastics, metallic glasses are emerging as a modern engineering material. Here, we take advantage of their unique electrical and rheological properties along with the classic Lorentz force concept to demonstrate that electromagnetic coupling of electric current and a magnetic field can thermoplastically shape a metallic glass without conventional heating sources or applied mechanical forces. Specifically, we identify a process window where application of an electric current pulse in the presence of a normally directed magnetic field can ohmically heat a metallic glass to a softened state, while simultaneously inducing a large enough magnetic body force to plastically shape it. The heating and shaping is performed on millisecond timescales, effectively bypassing crystallization producing fully amorphous-shaped parts. This electromagnetic forming approach lays the groundwork for a versatile, time- and energy-efficient manufacturing platform for ultrastrong metals.
Literary Medicine: Brain Disease and Doctors in Novels, Theater, and Film by Julien Bogousslavsky and Sebastian Dieguez (eds.)

The editors of this volume propose that it will provide “an amazing and fascinating look at conditions, patients, and doctors, in a way which is both reminiscence and novelty” (p. viii). Bogousslav...
Treatment of complicated urinary tract infections with sisomicin a comparison of once daily and twice daily dosage forms

In the first part of this study the efficacy and tolerance of the new aminoglycoside antibiotic sisomicin administered intramuscularly 1 mg/kg body weight every 12 hrs was studied in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections in 25 elderly male patients. The antibiotic was found to be well tolerated and effective, eradicating urinary tract infections caused by sensitive micro-organisms. In the second part of this study sisomicin administered intramuscularly once daily (75 or 100 mg) or twice daily (50 or 75 mg every 12 hr) according to body weight was evaluated in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections in 24 elderly male patients randomized in two equal groups according to the dosage regimen. No significant difference in the tolerance and efficacy was found between the two groups. The cure rate in all 49 patients, defined as having a negative urine culture one week following treatment, was 75%. The sisomicin urine concentrations from 6 to 12 and even 12 to 24 hrs following the intramuscular injection was many times higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration for most gram-negative organisms commonly found in urinary tract infections. This probably explains the efficacy of the single daily dosage regimen which therefore can be recommended as effective and safe in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.
Scaffolding: Relationships Among Online Quiz Parameters and Classroom Exam Scores

The current study examined relationships among online quiz parameters and students’ classroom exam scores. The authors analyzed data from undergraduate courses across four semesters. The results re...
Schooling for all via financing by some: perspectives from early modern and Victorian England

AbstractHistorians of the rise of popular education have often emphasised the role of national governments as sources of funding. However, for the case of England work by W.K. Jordan among others with probate records suggests that by the English Civil War substantial philanthropic funding was available for education. The presence of this philanthropy suggests a blurring of the line between private and public and the presence of both top-down and bottom-up forces at work. Moreover, parliamentary inquiries into educational charities in the early and mid-nineteenth century indicate their persistence as a source of funding for popular elementary schools. Counter to literature emphasising the importance of landed elites, both early modern and nineteenth-century evidence indicate the importance of other groups including merchants and clergy as sources of educational philanthropy. The formation of a national, government-funded system of elementary schooling in England during the last two-thirds of the nineteenth...
Do irbesartan and amlodipine reduce cardiovascular events in diabetic patients

When added to antihypertensive treatment in patients with diabetes and nephropathy, neither the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) irbesartan nor the calcium channel blocker amlodipine reduced the overall occurrence of cardiovascular events. However, irbesartan decreased the rate of heart failure and amlodipine reduced the rate of acute myocardial infarction.
Depression in the Older Adolescent

Psychotherapy with the older adolescent girls is likely to be strikingly different from psychotherapy with a younger one. I usually use my few minutes of preparation time before one of my early sessions with a younger adolescent girl to summon the energy necessary to deal with the anticipated drives and undirected impulses of the 13- or 14-year-old. But if the next hour is to be spent with a 16- or 17-year-old, I use the time to clear my head for a more intellectual challenge. (Note that there is not a fixed time for the end of the earlier phase of adolescence and the beginning of the later phase; but most often, the shift seems to occur between the ages of 15 and 16.)
Endoscopic Hydrocele Ablation

AbstractA new technique for the treatment of hydroceles by percutaneous drainage and endoscopic ablation under direct vision is described. The possible benefits and drawbacks of this treatment modality for symptomatic hydroceles are discussed.
Intermediate results of the arterial switch repair: A 20-institution study

A total of 466 neonates with transposition of the great arteries, all less than 15 days of age, have been entered into a 20-institution study between Jan. 1, 1985, and June 1, 1987. Seventy-three percent were less than 48 hours old when entered into the study. Two hundred twelve of these underwent an arterial switch repair, and the 1-week, 1-year, and 2 1/2-year survival rates were 82%, 79%, and 78%, respectively. The usual coronary anatomy was present in 67% of the patients. The arterial switch repair was performed in 16 of the institutions. Six among these were shown to be "low-risk" institutions, with the prevalence of the demographic and surgical variables seeming to be the same in these as in the other institutions. The 1-week, 1-year, and 2 1/2-year survival rates after the arterial switch repair in low-risk institutions for simple transposition were 96%, 91%, and 90%, respectively; for transposition with ventricular septal defect they were 84%, 83%, and 83%. Only older age at operation (over 14 days of age), in the case of simple transposition, and transposition with ventricular septal defect were risk factors for death in these six institutions. Among the patients as a whole, freedom from reoperation for pulmonary outflow obstruction at 1 week and 1 year was 99% and 89%, respectively. A previous pulmonary artery banding and, possibly, one institution were identified as risk factors for reoperation. Inferences: In low-risk institutions, the arterial switch repair can be accomplished with good early results, which suggests the possibility that the late results will be better than after the atrial switch repair. Since young age was not a risk factor for the arterial switch repair of transposition and ventricular septal defect, this type of repair for this anomaly, as well as for simple transposition, may be more advantageously performed early in life than at 2 to 3 months of age.
A Useful Pivotal Quantity

ABSTRACTConsider n continuous random variables with joint density f that possibly dependson unknown parameters θ. If the negative of the logarithm of f is a positive homogenous function of degree p taking only positive values, then that function is distributed as a Gamma random variable with shape n/p and scale 2, and thus it is a pivotal quantity for θ. This provides a general method to construct pivotal quantities, which are widely applicable in statistical practice, such as hypothesis testing and confidence intervals. Here, we prove the aforementioned result and illustrate through examples.
History of Pediatric Rheumatology

This essay gives a brief history of pediatric rheumatology. Pediatric rheumatology is one of the youngest medical specialties. Although, several authors including Still, Diamant-Berger and Cornil had published articles and monographs on various aspects of rheumatic diseases in children during the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the formal inauguration of the specialty took place in 1976. That is when the American College of Rheumatology (which was known at that time as American Rheumatism Association) sponsored a conference on pediatric rheumatic diseases at Park City, USA. The pioneers who attended that conference collected all the available information on the subject and compiled them into a monograph [1]. This became the core knowledge and foundation for the establishment of pediatric rheumatology.
Regional Variation in Postoperative Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery in the United States.

Background The aim of this study is to assess for regional variation in the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction (POMI) following nonemergent vascular surgery across the United States to identify potential areas for quality improvement initiatives. Methods We evaluated POMI rates across 17 regional Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) groups that comprised 243 centers with 1,343 surgeons who performed 75,057 vascular operations from 2010 to 2014. Four procedures were included in the analysis: carotid endarterectomy (CEA, n = 39,118), endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair (EVAR, n = 15,106), infrainguinal bypass (INFRA, n = 17,176), and open infrarenal AAA repair (OAAA, n = 3,657). POMI was categorized by the method of diagnosis as troponin-only or clinical/ECG and rates were investigated in regions with ≥100 consecutive cases. Regions with significantly different POMI rates were defined as those >1.5 interquartile lengths beyond the 75th percentile of the distribution. Risk-adjusted rates of POMI were assessed using the VQI Cardiac Risk Index all-procedures prediction model to compare the observed versus expected rates for each region. Results Overall rates of POMI varied by procedure type: CEA 0.8%, EVAR 1.1%, INFRA 2.7%, and OAAA 4.2% (P < 0.001). Significant variation in POMI rates was observed between regions, resulting in differing ranges of POMI rates for each procedure: CEA 0.5–2.0% (P = 0.001), EVAR 0.3–3.1% (P < 0.001), INFRA 1.1–4.8% (P < 0.001), and OAAA 2.2–10.0% (P < 0.001). A single region in 3 of the 4 procedure-specific datasets was identified as a statistical outlier with a significantly higher POMI rate after CEA, EVAR, and OAAA; this region was identical for the EVAR and OAAA datasets but was a different region for the CEA dataset. No significant variation in POMI was noted between regions after INFRA. Procedure-specific clinical POMI rates (mean; range) were significantly different between regions for EVAR (0.4%; 0–1.1%, P = 0.01) and INFRA (1.4%; 0.5–2.9%, P = 0.01), but not for CEA (0.4%; 0–0.8%, P = 0.53) or OAAA (1.6%; 0–3.8%, P = 0.23). Procedure-specific troponin-only POMI rates (mean; range) were significantly different between regions for all procedures: CEA (0.4%; 0.1–1.2%, P < 0.001), EVAR (0.7%; 0–2.1%, P < 0.001), INFRA (1.3%; 0.4–2.5%, P = 0.001), and OAAA (2.5%; 0–8.5%, P < 0.001). After risk adjustment, regional variation was again noted with 3 regions having higher and 4 regions having lower than expected rates of POMI. Conclusions Significant variation in POMI rates following major vascular surgery exists across VQI regions even after risk adjustment. These findings may present an opportunity for focused regional quality improvement efforts.
Mechanism of Deletion Removing All Dystrophin Exons in a Canine Model for DMD Implicates Concerted Evolution of X Chromosome Pseudogenes

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal, X-linked, muscle-wasting disorder caused by mutations in the large, 2.4-Mb dystrophin gene. The majority of DMD-causing mutations are sporadic, multi-exon, frameshifting deletions, with the potential for variable immunological tolerance to the dystrophin protein from patient to patient. While systemic gene therapy holds promise in the treatment of DMD, immune responses to vectors and transgenes must first be rigorously evaluated in informative preclinical models to ensure patient safety. A widely used canine model for DMD, golden retriever muscular dystrophy, expresses detectable amounts of near full-length dystrophin due to alternative splicing around an intronic point mutation, thereby confounding the interpretation of immune responses to dystrophin-derived gene therapies. Here we characterize a naturally occurring deletion in a dystrophin-null canine, the German shorthaired pointer. The deletion spans 5.6 Mb of the X chromosome and encompasses all coding exons of the DMD and TMEM47 genes. The sequences surrounding the deletion breakpoints are virtually identical, suggesting that the deletion occurred through a homologous recombination event. Interestingly, the deletion breakpoints are within loci that are syntenically conserved among mammals, yet the high homology among this subset of ferritin-like loci is unique to the canine genome, suggesting lineage-specific concerted evolution of these atypical sequence elements.
Rapid monoisotopic cisplatin based barcoding for multiplexed mass cytometry

Mass cytometry presents an exceptional opportunity to interrogate the biology of highly heterogeneous cell populations, owing to the ability to collect highly parametric proteomic data at a single cell level. However, sample-to-sample variability, due to antibody staining and/or instrument sensitivity, can introduce substantial artifacts into the data, which can in turn lead to erroneous conclusions. This variability can be eliminated by sample barcoding which enables samples to be pooled, stained and run simultaneously. Existing mass cytometry barcoding approaches require time intensive labeling, reduce the number of biologically meaningful parameters and/or rely on expensive reagents. We present an approach utilizing monoisotopic cisplatin to perform cell barcoding that does not require cell permeabilization, can be completed in 10 minutes and can be utilized in combination with existing barcoding techniques to greatly increase the number of samples which can be multiplexed to improve throughput and consistency.
IR/MMW fusion ATR

This paper reviews and describes methods for combining multimode sensor data. The context for the multimode sensor applications is an autonomous precision guided weapon, air-to-ground scenario. The first part of the paper reviews dual mode fusion architectures. Theoretical and measured performance results are referenced and extended. We introduce a fusion architecture hierarchy including post decision combiner rules, pre-decision combiner statistics, feature and raw data concomitant combiners. The architecture section concludes with a discussion and example of dual mode synergy performance versus sensor mode inequality. The second part of the paper describes the cost effectiveness benefits of dual mode and single mode sensors. Results from a many-on-many Monte Carlo mission effectiveness simulation are used to help quantify the multimode sensor benefits. In some cases synergistic multimode performance gain is a sufficient justification for adding a second or third sensor mode. In many cases the benefit is the extended and more robust operation over large search areas in the presence of countermeasures and adverse weather.
Curvature of the Bergman Metric

We begin with a little introductory material on the scaling method. Then we use these ideas to discuss Klembeck’s theorem about the boundary asymptotics of the curvature of the Bergman metric on a strictly pseudoconvex domain.
The Safety and Efficacy of Using the O-Arm Intraoperative Imaging System for Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Implantation.

INTRODUCTION Accurate electrode implantation is a major goal of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Intraoperative physiology with microelectrode recording (MER) is routinely used to refine stereotactic accuracy during awake electrode implantation. Recently, portable imaging systems such as the O-arm have become widely available and can be used in isolation or in association with MER to guide DBS lead placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the routine use of the O-arm affected DBS surgery safety, efficiency, and outcomes. METHODS Two cohorts of patients with Parkinson's disease who underwent MER-guided awake subthalamic DBS lead implantation with and without O-arm were compared. We examined the total number of microelectrode and macroeletrode passes during each surgery, procedure duration, surgical complications, lead revisions, and motor outcomes. RESULTS A total of 50 procedures in 41 unique patients were analyzed, of which 26 were performed without O-arm and 24 performed without the O-arm. The mean number of microelectrode passes was 2.46 (SD = 0.99) in the group without O-arm utilization, compared to 1.29 (SD = 0.75) in the group with O-arm usage (p < 0.001). A significant reduction was also found in procedure duration (p = 0.016). No differences were found in motor outcomes between groups. CONCLUSION The use of the O-arm during DBS lead implantation was associated with significantly fewer brain cannulations for microelectrode recording as well as reduced surgical time.
Toward the Development of a Christian Psychology: Sensation and Perception:

A Christian perspective on psychology is briefly reviewed. Sensation is seen as emphasizing how humans are similar to animals. Human sensory organs are similar anatomically and physiologically to t...
How People Form Folk Theories of Social Media Feeds and What it Means for How We Study Self-Presentation

Self-presentation is a process that is significantly complicated by the rise of algorithmic social media feeds, which obscure information about one's audience and environment. User understandings of these systems, and therefore user ability to adapt to them, are limited, and have recently been explored through the lens of folk theories. To date, little is understood of how these theories are formed, and how they tie to the self-presentation process in social media. This paper presents an exploratory look at the folk theory formation process and the interplay between folk theories and self-presentation via a 28-participant interview study. Results suggest that people draw from diverse sources of information when forming folk theories, and that folk theories are more complex, multifaceted and malleable than previously assumed. This highlights the need to integrate folk theories into both social media systems and theories of self-presentation.
FDA Food Code recommendations: how do popular US baking shows measure up?

The purpose of this study was to determine if popular US baking shows follow the FDA Food Code recommendations and critical food safety principles. This cross-sectional study examined a convenience sample of 75 episodes from three popular baking shows. The three shows were about competitively baking cupcakes, competitively baking cakes, and baking in a popular local bakery. Twenty-five episodes from each show were viewed. Coding involved tallying how many times 17 FDA Food Code recommendations were or were not followed. On each show, bare hands frequently came in contact with ready-to-eat food. On a per-hour basis, this occurred 80, 155, and 176 times on shows 1-3, respectively. Hands were washed before cooking three times on the three shows and never for the recommended 20 seconds. On each show, many people touched food while wearing jewelry other than a plain wedding band, for an average of at least 7 people per hour on each show. Shows 1-3 had high rates of long-haired bakers not wearing hair restraints (11.14, 6.57, and 14.06 per hour, respectively). Shows 1 and 2 had high rates of running among the bakers (22.29 and 10.57 instances per hour, respectively). These popular baking shows do not demonstrate proper food safety techniques put forth by the FDA and do not contribute the reduction of foodborne illnesses through proper food handling.
Parent and Family Training

Professionals who work with handicapped children and their families appear to share an implicit assumption that strengthening the family is an important part of habilitation (Simeonsson & Simeonsson, 1981). This assumption is based on a recognition that, even in families of healthy, well-functioning children, child rearing is a challenging and stressful process. For families with a handicapped child, the problems associated with child rearing are magnified. Not all families of handicapped children want or need professional help, and for us to presume otherwise is to ignore the enormous variability among individuals. However, for many of these families, the demands of caretaking call for increased knowledge, resources, and support. Thus the question for professionals frequently is not if but rather how best to assist families in dealing with the specialized situation created by a handicapped child.
The Role of Regulatory Focus and Fit in Attribute-Based Evaluation of Apparel Products

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of regulatory focus and fit in evaluation of apparel products bearing certain attributes. Our findings suggest that promotion-focused consumers attach more value to apparel products bearing attractive attributes, whereas prevention-focused consumers attach more value to apparel products bearing must-be attributes.
On Isometric Error-Correcting Codes over Finite Fields of Prime Order

Error-correcting codes obtained from each other via a Hamming distance preserving transformation, called isometry, are equivalent. In this paper, we consider three different isometries which yield permutationally equivalent linear codes, monomially equivalent linear codes, and equivalent nonlinear codes, respectively. For each case, we derive some new necessary and sufficient conditions for equivalence using the concept of weight vector of a code or distance matrix of a code. Results hold for error-correcting codes over a finite field of prime order.
General Aviation Accidents Involving Octogenarian Airmen: Implications for Medical Evaluation.

BACKGROUND No upper age limit exists at which general aviation pilots are disallowed from exercising their flying privileges. Operating an aircraft, and landing in particular, requires high visual acuity, cognitive function, and eye-hand/foot coordination; i.e., functions which commonly deteriorate with age. No studies have addressed flight safety of airmen ≥ 80 yr of age (octogenarian+ or 80+) or whether such airmen are more landing accident-prone. This research seeks to answer these questions. METHODS Accidents and private pilot-certificated airmen counts were obtained from the National Transport Safety Board accident database and the U.S. Civil Airmen Statistics, respectively. Contingency tables were used to determine differences in proportions. A Poisson distribution was employed to determine whether airmen count (80+ and 30-39 yr) and their accident rates differed over time. Differences in median values were tested with a Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS The proportion of airmen 80+ years doubled and their accident rate increased (6 and 11 mishaps/1000 airmen, respectively) between 2002 and 2016. Landing accidents were over-represented for octogenarian+ pilots compared with airmen 30-39 yr (31 and 17%, respectively) and did not reflect inferior experience but were often due to an aircraft flaring deficiency. The proportion of fatal accidents was comparable (11 and 13%, respectively) for the older and younger age cohorts. CONCLUSION A growing population and a climbing accident rate for octogenarian+ airmen were evident. The disproportionate count of pilots involved in landing mishaps raises a concern for an increase in such mishaps for octogenarian airmen opting for BasicMed due to less restrictive/frequent visual acuity tests.Boyd DD. General aviation accidents involving octogenarian airmen: implications for medical evaluation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(8):687-692.
Spaceborne Laser Transmitter for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) Mission

NASA is developing a highly stable, robust and reliable master oscillator power amplifier laser transmitter. We will discuss our technology development and progress on a spaceborne laser transmitter for the LISA mission.
Metabolic Network Reductions

Abstract Genome-scale metabolic networks are exceptionally huge and even efficient algorithms can take a while to run because of the sheer size of the problem instances. To address this problem, metabolic network reductions can substantially reduce the overwhelming size of the problem instances at hand. We begin by formulating some reasonable axioms defining what it means for a metabolic network reduction to be “canonical” which conceptually enforces reversibility without loss of any information on the feasible flux distributions. Then, we start to search for an efficient way to deduce some of the attributes of the original network from the reduced one in order to improve the performance. As the next step, we will demonstrate how to reduce a metabolic network repeatedly until no more reductions are possible. In the end, we sum up by pointing out some of the biological implications of this study apart from the computational aspects discussed earlier. Author summary Metabolic networks appear at first sight to be nothing more than an enormous body of reactions. The dynamics of each reaction obey the same fundamental laws and a metabolic network as a whole is the melange of its reactions. The oversight in this kind of reductionist thinking is that although the behavior of a metabolic network is determined by the states of its reactions in theory, nevertheless it cannot be inferred directly from them in practice. Apart from the infeasibility of this viewpoint, metabolic pathways are what explain the biological functions of the organism and thus also what we are frequently concerned about at the system level. Canonical metabolic network reductions decrease the number of reactions substantially despite leaving the metabolic pathways intact. In other words, the reduced metabolic networks are smaller in size while retaining the same metabolic pathways. The possibility of such operations is rooted in the fact that the total degrees of freedom of a metabolic network in the steady-state conditions are significantly lower than the number of its reactions because of some emergent redundancies. Strangely enough, these redundancies turn out to be very well-studied in the literature.
Outpatient Shoulder Arthroplasty at an Ambulatory Surgery Center Using a Multimodal Pain Management Approach

Introduction Early reports of outpatient shoulder arthroplasty are promising, although a paucity of outcome data exists, particularly for the outpatient shoulder arthroplasty performed at a freestanding ambulatory surgery center (ASC). Methods A retrospective analysis of 61 shoulder arthroplasty procedures (21 consecutive outpatients and 40 inpatients) was performed. Outpatient shoulder arthroplasties were conducted at a freestanding ASC using a multimodal pain regimen without the use of regional anesthesia. The primary outcome was 90-day postoperative complication rate. Secondary outcomes included 90-day hospital admissions or readmissions, emergency department and urgent care visits, revision surgeries, mortality, postoperative pain, and functional scores. Results No major complications, readmissions, revision surgeries, or deaths occurred in the outpatient cohort. The rate of 90-day complications was 9.5% and 17.5% for the outpatient and inpatient cohorts, respectively. All patients who had their shoulder arthroplasty as an outpatient were discharged home the day of surgery. No complications related to the outpatient protocol were observed. However, 4.8% of those who had outpatient surgery visited an emergency department or urgent care within 90 days compared with 5.0% of those who had surgery as an inpatient. Discussion Outpatient shoulder arthroplasty can be performed safely and predictably in select patients at an ASC using a multimodal pain regimen without regional nerve block.
Impulsivity and affect reactivity prospectively predict disordered eating attitudes in adolescents: a 6-year longitudinal study

Eating disorders (EDs) are associated with significant psychological and physical comorbidities, and adolescence is a particularly high-risk time for the development of EDs. Impulsivity (i.e., acting with little conscious judgment or forethought) and affect reactivity (i.e., changes in negative affect in response to a stressor) are hypothesized to contribute to the development of binge/purge ED pathology. The current study is the first to examine the prospective relationships between impulsivity and affect reactivity as predictors of the development of ED attitudes in adolescents over time. Two hundred six adolescents participated in a longitudinal study examining the development of psychopathology. ED attitudes were assessed via the College Eating Disorders Screen annually for 6 years. Baseline impulsivity and affect reactivity were also assessed. Affect reactivity, impulsivity, and their interaction were examined as baseline predictors of changes in ED attitudes over time using latent growth modeling. Results of latent growth modeling indicated that ED attitudes increased over time. The interaction between impulsivity and affect reactivity significantly predicted the slope of ED attitudes, such that the relationship between impulsivity and ED attitudes was strongest for those with elevated levels of affect reactivity. Findings suggest that greater levels of affect reactivity and impulsivity are key risk factors for the development of ED attitudes in adolescents. Subsequent research should examine the relation between affect reactivity and impulsivity in predicting objectively measured ED behaviors, in addition to ED attitudes. Further investigation may implicate affect reactivity and impulsivity as important targets for early intervention to prevent onset of ED symptoms in adolescents.
The Nature of Creativity in Old Age

A number of psychologists have concluded that creativity is primarily the domain of the young. Recent research has shown that this is wrong. Conceptual innovators make sudden radical innovative leaps, early in their careers. But experimental innovators work incrementally to develop new methods based on extended observation, and their innovations emerge late in their careers. The psychologists who contended that creativity diminishes with age failed to perceive that virtually every intellectual activity has had important older experimental innovators as well as their young conceptual rivals. Their error poses a barrier to understanding creativity, and makes a damaging contribution to ageism. This paper briefly examines the achievements of a number of great experimental innovators, including Charles Darwin, Charles Dickens, Paul Cezanne, and Elizabeth Bishop, and uses their work as the basis for an understanding of the specific mechanisms that connect age with experimental creativity.
Virtual Inertia in a Microgrid with Renewable Generation and a Battery Energy Storage System in Islanding Transition

This paper focuses on the islanding transition of an AC microgrid equipped with a doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine, a photovoltaic unit, a battery energy storage system (BESS) and local loads. It is well known that the islanding transition put at risk system stability, especially for the systems with low inertia. This paper has explored the combined contribution of virtual inertia support schemes applied to the BESS and to the DC-link capacitor of the back-to-back inverter of the wind power generator in order to ensure a smooth islanding transition by preserving the microgrid stability. For this purpose, we analyse the frequency/inertia support provided by two virtual inertia control schemes: i) a virtual synchronous generator technique on the BESS and ii) a DC-link capacitor control. The analysis is carried out by using time domain simulations in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory environment.
Clinicopathologic characteristics and immunotherapy outcomes in SMARCA4-mutant (mut) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

9577Background: The catalytic unit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is encoded by the SMARCA4 gene, which is mutated in ~10% of NSCLCs. We sought to characterize the clinicopathologic ch...
Distributed Human Trajectory Sensing and Partial Similarity Queries

Advances in wireless communication technology have allowed for the collection of large-scale human motion trajectories by recording the appearance of mobile devices within the neighborhood of wireless base stations. Such city-scale datasets pose new challenges on efficient data collection, analysis and similarity based queries. In this paper, we propose new partial similarity measures, categorized as time-sensitive, order-sensitive and order-insensitive ones, and show with real data that these partial similarity measures are more robust than classical measures and more suitable for generating meaningful query results in near-neighbor type of data mining applications. Further, the power of the partial similarity persists even with significant down-sampling. We presented rigorous analysis of the performance of partial similarity measures with subsampling. Our evaluation using real data shows high recall and precision (≥ 90%) with samples only in the order of 1% of the original data size.
Composable Finite State Machine-based Modeling for Quality-of-Information-aware Cyber-physical Systems

Time plays a major role in the specification of Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) behavior with concurrency, timeliness, asynchrony, and resource limits as their main characteristics. In addition to timeliness, the specification of CPS needs to assess and unambiguously define its behavior with respect to the other Quality-of-Information (QoI) properties: (1) Correctness, (2) Completeness, (3) Consistency, and (4) Accuracy. Very often, CPS need to handle these QoI properties, and any combination thereof, multiple times when performing computation and communication processes. However, a model-driven and systematic approach to specify CPS behavior that jointly considers combined QoI aspects is possible but missing in existing methodologies.As the first contribution of this work, we provide an extension to an established model of computation (MoC) based on “Functions driven by Finite State Machine” (FunState) to enable a model-driven composition mechanism to create CPS behavior specifications from reusable components.Second, we present a novel set of design patterns to illustrate the modeling of QoI-aware CPS specifications that can be applied in several state-of-the-art Electronic System Level (ESL) methodologies. The time semantics of the MoC are formalized using the tagged-signal-model, and the presented model-driven approach enables the composition of multiple design patterns. The main benefits of the presented model-driven approach and design patterns to create CPS specifications are as follows: (a) reduce modeling effort, errors, and time through the reuse of known recipes to re-incurring tasks and allow to automatically generate repetitive control flows based on extended Finite State Machines; (b) increase system robustness and facilitate the creation of holistic QoI management allowing to unambiguously define system behavior for scenarios with single/multiple QoI requirement violations in different models of computation; (c) dynamically validate timing behavior of system implementations to enable a multi-objective optimization of nonfunctional properties that influence CPS timing. We demonstrate the aforementioned benefits through the modeling and evaluation of an infrastructure-assisted automated driving case study using Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2V) communications to distribute QoI critical road environment information.
The prospective impacts of 2019 state energy policies on the U.S. electricity system

Abstract Over the past several years state energy policies have been evolving rapidly, and are more frequently including higher targets, including 100% clean energy targets. This study assesses the aggregate impacts of state clean energy standards and emissions policies on national electricity generation, power sector carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and electricity prices and system costs. To do so, we apply the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) model, which is a detailed electric sector capacity expansion model, to evaluate scenarios with and without state policies and using a range of renewable energy technology cost projections. Across the scenarios analyzed, we find that the state policies drive 1.9%–10.7% of total nationwide clean energy and reduce cumulative power sector CO2 emissions by 2.6%–5.4% over the 2020–2050 study period. This incremental generation is predominantly, but not exclusively, from renewable energy technologies. In most cases, the state policies result in increases to electricity prices and electricity system costs, and policy costs are sensitive to the future cost of clean energy technologies. Across all scenarios, the levelized cost of incremental policy-driven clean energy generation is estimated to be $17–38/MWh and the average cost of CO2 abatement from the state-level policies is estimated to be $29–74/metric ton.
Inventory and Monitoring of Invasive Species

Inventory and monitoring programs and high-quality distribution data are needed to manage invasive species and to develop quantitative ecological, economic, and social impact assessments. Strong inventory and monitoring programs provide valuable insights that help direct efforts to prevent and contain invasive species. Understanding where to focus management efforts, in addition to educational outreach, is key to developing economically efficient and ecologically relevant programs. As noted in Chap. 2, additional research is needed to address large-scale impacts and co-occurring impacts of multiple invaders. Inventory and monitoring efforts help to inform where this research can be most effectively applied by identifying areas where invasives are most abundant, most likely to spread, or most likely to be contained (Byers et al. 2002; Myers et al. 2000). Furthermore, as climate change continues to pose new and uncertain impacts on ecosystems, monitoring at the edge of invasive species’ ranges will become more important to management efforts (Hellmann et al. 2008).
An isogeometric framework for the modeling of curvilinear anisotropic media

Abstract The advent of multi-material additive manufacturing and automated composite manufacturing has enabled the design of structures featuring complex curvilinear anisotropy. To take advantage of the new design space, efficient computational approaches are quintessential. In this study, we explored a new NURBS-based Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) framework for the simulation of curvilinear fiber composites and we compared it to standard Finite Element Analysis (FEA). We showed that, thanks to the exact geometric representation and the enriched continuity between elements, NURBS-based IGA outperforms classical FEA in terms of computational efficiency, run-time, and estimation quality of field variables for the same number of degrees-of-freedom. To further demonstrate the use of the IGA framework, we performed optimization studies aimed at identifying the fiber paths minimizing stress concentration and Tsai-Wu failure index. The model showed that curvilinear anisotropy can be effectively harnessed to reduce the stress concentration of up to 82% compared to unidirectional composites without affecting the overall plate stiffness significantly.
254 COVID-19 related outcomes in psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis patients

Psoriasis is a systemic chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the skin and is associated with other disorders There is scan literature on outcomes of COVID19 patients with Psoriasis (Pso) and Psoriasis Arthritis (PsoA), especially from multicenter data Therefore, the aim was to examine investigate the risk of COVID complications in these two groups A retrospective cohort study was done using TriNetX, a federated real time database of 63 million records COVID patient cohorts were identified by validated ICD-10/serology codes per CDC guidelines An 1:1 matched propensity score analysis was conducted, adjusting for comorbidities and demographics, to calculate adjusted Risk Ratios (aRR) with 95% CI 45-day COVID complications were examined with severe COVID defined as a composite of mortality and ventilation Subgroup analyses were also performed for Pso and PsoA patients on systemic immunosuppressants In a matched sample of 2288 patients in each cohort, there was no differences between Pso-COVID patients and non-Pso COVID patients in hospitalization (0 90[0 78-1 03]), sepsis (0 78[0 54-1 14]), mortality (0 82[0 57-1 19]), and severe COVID (0 77[0 58-1 03]) Pso-COVID patients had statistically significant lower risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (0 51[0 30-0 90]) and mechanical ventilation (0 65[0 45-0 95]) In a matched sample of 502 patients in each cohort, PsoA-COVID patients had no differences in any of the listed outcomes A subgroup analysis revealed that Pso-COVID and PsoA-COVID patients with a one-year history of systemic immunosuppressant use also had no differences in COVID outcomes compared to Pso-COVID patients and PsoA-COVID patients without immunosuppressants respectively Pso-COVID and PsoA-COVID patients were not at higher risk for severe COVID complications History of immunosuppressant use in both cohorts also revealed no higher risk in COVID complications Additional studies are warranted to visit the longer-term impacts of COVID on Pso and PsoA patients
Preparing Neurology Residents and Advanced Practice Providers for the COVID-19 ICU—A Neurocritical Care Led Intervention

Background and Purpose:With the surge of critically ill COVID-19 patients, neurology and neurosurgery residents and advanced practice providers (APPs) were deployed to intensive care units (ICU). T...
Objective assessment of metabolism and guidance of ICU rehabilitation with cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Purpose of review Addressing the reduced quality of life that affects ICU survivors is the most pressing challenge in critical care medicine. In order to meet this challenge, we must translate lessons learnt from assessing and training athletes to the clinical population, utilizing measurable and targeted parameters obtained during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Recent findings Critical illness survivors demonstrate a persistent reduction in their physical and metabolic function. This manifests in reduced aerobic exercise capacity and metabolic inflexibility. CPET-guided targeted metabolic conditioning has proved beneficial in several clinical populations, including those undergoing high-risk surgery, and could be successfully applied to the rehabilitation of ICU survivors. Summary CPET shows great promise in the guidance of rehabilitation in functionally limited ICU survivors. Parallels in the physiological response to exercise in athletes and clinical populations with the stress and consequences of critical illness must be investigated and ultimately applied to the burgeoning population of ICU survivors in order to treat the consequences of survival from critical illness.
COVID-19 Vaccine Website Accessibility Dashboard

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated historical inequities for people with disabilities. This includes barriers in accessing online information and healthcare appointment websites, which were brought to the foreground during the vaccine rollout and registration process. Methods: The Johns Hopkins Disability Health Research Center created a COVID-19 Vaccine Dashboard, which compiled COVID-19 information and vaccine registration web pages from 56 states and territories in the United States (U.S.) from March 30 through April 5, 2021 and analyzed accessibility using WAVE Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool (WAVE). This tool identifies website accessibility barriers, including insufficient contrast, alternative text, unlabeled buttons, total number of errors, and error density. COVID-19 information and vaccine registration web pages were ranked and grouped into three groups by number of errors, creating comparisons between states on accessibility barriers for people with disabilities. Findings: All 56 U.S states and territories had COVID-19 information web pages and 29 states had centralized state vaccine registration web pages. Total errors, error density, and alert data were utilized to generate accessibility scores for each web page, the median score was 259 (range=14 to 536 and IQR=237) for information pages, and 146 (range=10 to 281 and IQR=105) for state registration pages. Interpretation: These results highlight the barriers that people with disabilities may encounter when accessing information and registering for the COVID-19 vaccine, which underscore inequities in the pandemic response for the disability community and elevate the need to prioritize accessibility of public health information. Funding: American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD) Declaration of Interest: All authors declare no competing interests.