cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inseminatory behavior of Philophthalmus megalurus and Philophthalmus hegeneri in concurrent infections of chicks

Abstract Sperm labeled with 3 H-thymidine and 3 H-tyrosine detected by autoradiography were used to determine inseminatory patterns in concurrent infections of Philophthalmus megalurus and Philophthalmus hegeneri . In infections of one labeled P. megalurus and 1 to 3 unlabeled P. hegeneri self-insemination but not cross-insemination was detected. When P. hegeneri was labeled and transplanted with 1 to 3 unlabeled P. megalurus no insemination was found. Transplantation of one labeled P. megalurus with various numbers of unlabeled adults of both species resulted in exclusive cross-insemination of P. megalurus. When one labeled P. hegeneri was in the presence of unlabeled adults of both species, only cross-insemination of P. hegeneri was detected. Thus no insemination between species was found precluding hybrid production. This may be due to a separation of feeding sites within the microenvironment of the conjunctival sac of the chick's eye. Both species carried on normal inseminatory behavior in the presence of the other species. Recovery rates of both species from concurrent infections were not greatly different than those from single species infections. However, the recovery rate for P. megalurus (61·2 %) was much greater than for P. hegeneri (44·7 %).
Immune modulatory activity of ribavirin for serious human metapneumovirus disease: early i.v. therapy may improve outcomes in immunosuppressed SCT recipients.

Immune modulatory activity of ribavirin for serious human metapneumovirus disease: early i.v. therapy may improve outcomes in immunosuppressed SCT recipients
Surface area measurements of mixed oxides by small-angle x-ray scattering

Abstract The surface areas of a homologous series of silica-alumina catalysts carefully prepared by co-precipitation methods have been determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and BET. A model assuming a single homogeneous solid phase at the average electron density corresponding to the sample composition has been used to analyze the scattering data. The results demonstrate the validity of the simple model, BET and SAXS areas are in good agreement for the mixed oxides of intermediate composition. The largest differences occur for those samples where alumina aggregation is expected during preparation.
From the Multiple-Well Master Equation to Phenomenological Rate Coefficients: Reactions on a C3H4 Potential Energy Surface

Using various forms of electronic-structure theory to characterize the important features of the potential energy surface, RRKM theory to calculate microcanonical rate coeffients, and several formulations of the master equation to predict phenomenological rate coefficients, we have studied a number of reactions that occur on the C3H4 potential. We discuss the results in some detail and compare them with experiment when possible. Generally, the agreement with experiment is excellent. “Multiple-well effects” are emphasized throughout the discussion. We cast our results in the form of modified Arrhenius functions for use in chemical kinetics modeling.
The Unlying God: Law Inspired and Inspiring in Plato's Ion and St. Paul's Letter to Titus

Law requires more than belief; law requires trust. The words of justice, or rather, just words are no less soif we believe in them or not. But the words of justiceare indeed dead, or rather, lead to death, if we trustthe exigencies of our selves and our times more than thelaw, if we fail to find ever-unfolding inspirationtogether in the language of law. St. Paul, therefore,does not attempt to solve the liar paradox that everyhuman being confronts in any attempt to speak truthfully,i.e., with meaning as an individual; rather, he willingly accepts the absurdity of the knowledge oftruth by looking, as Plato also did, toward ``the unlyingGod'', not in the stasis of belief, but in the movementof trust, a communal covenant of those who are chosen,that is, those who chose each other.
The Road to Intergenerational Theory is Under Construction: A Continuing Story

On the premise that the intergenerational field lacks the conceptual framework that will enable it to continue to develop as both a discipline and a practice within the broad spectrum of human and social services, this paper offers suggestions for building a viable intergenerational theory. Topics discussed include methodology for theory construction, theory content, and the role of the practitioner in theory construction.
Disaster planning for transportation accidents involving hazardous materials

Abstract Disasters from mishaps and accidents in the transportation of hazardous materials—chemical, nuclear or biological—will become more numerous and worst in the future. We indicate some reasons for this probable trend. Problems in establishing and developing preparedness planning for such kinds of disastrous occasions are then discussed on the basis of findings and observations from social science research studies. In addition, we examine some of the difficulties that exist in mounting an emergency or first response to actual crisis occasions. Particularly looked at are some typical situational contingencies in hazardous material disasters.
Validation of a C2-C7 cervical spine finite element model using specimen-specific flexibility data

This study presents a specimen-specific C2-C7 cervical spine finite element model that was developed using multiblock meshing techniques. The model was validated using in-house experimental flexibility data obtained from the cadaveric specimen used for mesh development. The C2-C7 specimen was subjected to pure continuous moments up to +/-1.0 N m in flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, and the motions at each level were obtained. Additionally, the specimen was divided into C2-C3, C4-C5, and C6-C7 functional spinal units (FSUs) which were tested in the intact state as well as after sequential removal of the interspinous, ligamentum flavum, and capsular ligaments. The finite element model was initially assigned baseline material properties based on the literature, but was calibrated using the experimental motion data which was obtained in-house, while utlizing the ranges of material property values as reported in the literature. The calibrated model provided good agreement with the nonlinear experimental loading curves, and can be used to further study the response of the cervical spine to various biomechanical investigations.
Rapid emplacement of young oceanic lithosphere: argon geochronology of the oman ophiolite.

40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates of emplacement-related metamorphic rocks beneath the Samail ophiolite in Oman show that cooling to
Thermodynamics for proton dissociation from aqueous imidazolium ion at temperatures from 278.15 K to 393.15 K and at the pressure 0.35 MPa: apparent molar volumes and apparent molar heat capacities of the protonated and neutral imidazole

Abstract Apparent molar volumes V φ and apparent molar heat capacities C p , φ were determined for solutions of aqueous imidazole and of aqueous imidazolium chloride at molalities m = 0.015 mol · kg − 1 to 0.5 mol ·kg − 1 , at temperatures T = 278.15 K to 393.15 K, and at the pressure p = 0.35 MPa. Values of V φ were obtained from density measurements using a vibrating-tube densimeter. Values of C p , φ were obtained from heat capacity measurements using a twin fixed-cell, power-compensation, differential-output, temperature-scanning calorimeter. We fit the results by regression to empirical equations that describe the ( V φ , m , T ) and ( C p , φ , m , T ) surfaces for each of the two systems. We then used these regression equations to estimate the volume and heat capacity changes ( Δ r V m , m , T ) and ( Δ r C p , m , m , T ) for the proton dissociation reaction of aqueous imidizolium ion. Our results illustrate the unique thermodynamic properties of protonated imidazole and of neutral imidazole in aqueous solution. Numerical integration of our ( Δ r C p , m , m , T ) surface, using literature values for the enthalpy change Δ r H m and the molality concentration equilibrium reaction quotient pQ a , were performed to obtain the surfaces ( Δ r H m , m , T ), ( pQ a , m , T ), and entropy change ( Δ r S m , m , T ) for the proton dissociation reaction of imidazolium ion.
EEG activity in the 13-15 Hz band correlates with intelligence in healthy elderly women.

Thirty-five elderly women in excellent health received a neuropsychological battery and resting electroencephalograms (EEGs) from bilateral parietal scalp electrodes. Spectral density analysis of the EEGs was designed to evaluate two levels each of slow activity (delta, 0.2–3.8 Hz and theta, 4.0–7.8 Hz), alpha activity (slow alpha, 7.0–9.8 Hz and fast alpha, 10.0–12.8 Hz) and fast activity (sigma, 13.2–14.8 Hz and beta, 15.0–20.0 Hz). There was no relationship between alpha slowing and cognitive impairment. However, significant correlations emerged between sigma activity and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Scores. This association was strongest between right parietal sigma activity and WAIS Performance Scale weighted scores.
Uniform radial flow epitaxy for thin layer heterostructures

Abstract We describe an epitaxial growth technique called uniform radial flow epitaxy (URFE) for growing thin layer heterostructures of III–V compound semiconductors. The geometry of the URFE reactor is similar to the configuration used in vapor levitation epitaxy (VLE) but the growth vapors are delivered to the top of the substrate which is resting on a paddle. This design allows samples of arbitrary shape to be used while retaining the proven ability of the VLE to grow thin layer heterostructures with abrupt interfaces. The relaxed tolerances of the URFE reactor result in easier fabrication of the quartz reactor. A unique feature of the URFE reactor incorporates an isolating gas curtain between the deposition chambers to assure interface abruptness. Early growths have yielded epitaxial layers of the InP and InGaAs less than 100 A thick with 5%–8% uniformity in layer thickness over 1 inch square samples.
NOISE IN STRONGLY COUPLED JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS.

Abstract The effects of noise in strongly coupled junctions, in which the density of radiation is high, is considered. Expressions are derived for the d.c. current-voltage characteristic of the junction, the line width of the emitted radiation and the normal modes of the junction. These relations are evaluated numerically for various values of the strong-coupling parameter.
Development of adaptive algorithm for active sound quality control

This paper develops an active sound-quality control (ASQC) system based on the active noise equalization (ANE) technique, and optimizes it with the filtered-error least mean square (FELMS) algorithm and normalized reference signal generator. The ASQC system controls the sound quality of products such as engines by changing the amplitudes of harmonics. This optimized system uses the FELMS algorithm to limit disturbances in the passband caused by uncorrelated interferences with high gains in the secondary path, thereby increasing the system stability. It achieves fast convergence by normalizing the amplitudes of internally generated sinusoids in the reference signal according to the magnitude response of the secondary path at the corresponding frequencies. Computer simulations demonstrate the desired spectral shaping capability with faster convergence and reduced passband disturbance.
Acyrthosiphon kondoi—a New Vector of Cucurbit Viruses in Southern California

The blue alfalfa aphid, Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji, transmitted both watermelon mosaic virus 1 and 2 (WMV 1, WMV2) to squash, cantaloupe, watermelon, and pumpkin test plants under greenhouse conditions. Transmission of WMV1 was more efficient than WMV2. Transmission efficiency was low with single aphid inoculations (1.9–6.7%) but increased when 5 aphids/plant were used (12.1–31.6%). Alate blue alfalfa aphids were trapped throughout the growing season of summer squash and were most numerous in Jan. when susceptible seedlings were present in the field.
Burnout among Primary Care Physicians and Mental Health Professionals in a Managed Health Care Setting

This study assessed burnout within a large Health Maintenance Organization. Primary care physicians and one psychiatric clinic staff were studied. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to develop frequency data in the areas of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal achievement. Among the primary care physicians, moderate emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization were found. Personal achievement was high. Among the psychiatric staff, high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were found. Again, personal achievement was high. The entire professional group, with the one exception, was significantly higher in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal achievement than Maslach's normative sample. Psychiatrists and social workers had significantly higher scores on depersonalization than the primary care physicians or psychologists. High burnout in a Health Maintenance Organization setting suggests that managed health care providers may be more prone to burnout than fee-for-service practitioners. Several suggestions were made for such organizations to help alleviate burnout in their staffs.
The Dynamic Relationship between Permanent and Transitory Components of U.S. Business Cycles

This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between permanent and transitory components of post-war U.S. business cycles. We specify a time-series model for real GNP and consumption in which the two share a common stochastic trend and transitory component, and Markov-regime switching is used to model business cycle phases in these components. The timing of switches between business cycle phases is allowed to differ across the permanent and transitory components. We find strong evidence of a lead-lag relationship between the switches in the two components. Specifically, switches in the permanent component leads switches in the transitory component when entering recessions.
Material dispersion in high optical quality heavy metal fluoride glasses

The results of refractive-index measurements in ZrF4–BaF2–LaF3–AlF3 glass and the effects of the addition of NaF are described. The dispersion properties are not enhanced by the addition of NaF, as shown by increased material dispersion M at long wavelengths and decreased crossover wavelength λ0.
Mathematical determination of inspiratory upper airway resistance using a polynomial equation.

We have previously shown that the pressure-flow relationship of the upper airway during nonrapid eye movement sleep can be characterized by a polynomial equation: F(P) = AP3 + BP2 + CP + D. On the basis of fluid mechanic principles, we hypothesized that we could objectively calculate upper airway resistance (RUA) using the polynomial equation. We manually measured RUA (mRUA) from the first linear portion of a pressure-flow loop in 544 breaths from 20 subjects and compared the mRUA to the RUA calculated from the polynomial equation (cRUA). Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean difference between mRUA and cRUA was 0.0 cm H2O/L/s (95% CI, 0.1 to 0.1 cm H2O/L/s) with an upper limit of agreement of 2.0 cm H2O/L/s (95% CI, 1.9 to 2.1 cm H2O/L/s) and a lower limit of agreement −2.0 cm H2O/L/s (95% CI, −2.1 to −1.9 cm H2O/L/s). Additional Bland-Altman analyses showed that the agreement between the two measures was excellent for both inspiratory flow-limited and non-flow-limited breaths. We conclude that RUA can be measured in a simple, objective, and reproducible fashion from a polynomial function that characterizes the upper airway pressure-flow relationship.
Japan and Labor Migration: Theoretical and Methodological Implications of Negative Cases

Migration scholars have frequently emphasized the tremendous increase in international migration in recent years. But several advanced industrial countries — Japan in particular — have relatively s...
Preparation and analysis of Eu3+- and Eu2+-doped ZBLAN and ZBLALi fluorozirconate glasses

Abstract Fluorozirconate glasses in the ZBLAN and ZBLALi families with varying [Eu 2+ ] and [Eu 3+ ] concentrations were prepared and characterized. The reversible electroactivity of Eu 2+/3+ was verified by cyclic voltammetry in the molten salt precursor phase, showing that Eu 2+ would not reduce the other glass components. Eu 2+ -containing glasses were prepared by various strategies including inclusion of EuF 2 as a starting material and chemical reduction during melt processing. Glass samples were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, UV–Visible and IR spectroscopy and temperature-dependent conductivity. Glasses in the range of 0–6% [Eu 3+ ] and ‘mixed valent’ ones with 0–3% [Eu 2+ ] and 4–2% [Eu 3+ ] were successfully prepared, but greater Eu concentrations spoiled the glass optical properties. The temperature-dependent bulk conductivities of numerous glasses were carefully measured using a Fourier analysis that resolves bulk and substantial interfacial contributions to glass conductivity. No systematic changes in glass conductivity were observed for glasses as a function of the [Eu 2+ ][Eu 3+ ] concentration product as would be expected were there a substantial rate of electron transfer between Eu sites, implying substantial and static structural differences between these sites.
Cerebrovascular and brain morphologic correlates of Mild cognitive impairment in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin study

Objective To evaluate the relative risk (RR) of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with cerebrovascular risk factors and cerebrovascular-related brain changes. Design Mild cognitive impairment was determined for the subjects of the prospective National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin Study. Quantitative measures of brain, white matter hyperintensity, cerebral infarction, apolipoprotein E genotype, and psychometric testing were obtained. Results Subjects with MCI were older (73.5 ± 3.0 vs 72.1 ± 2.8 years), consumed less alcohol (3.7 ± 5.8 vs 7.0 ± 10.7 drinks per week), had greater white matter hyperintensity volumes (0.56% ± 0.82% vs 0.25% ± 0.34% of cranial volume), and had an increased prevalance of apolipoprotein E4 genotype (31.4% vs 19.2%) than normal subjects. White matter hyperintensity and the presence of the apolipoprotein E4 genotype were associated with a significantly increased risk for MCI. When all subjects were included in the analysis, alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced risk for MCI (RR = 0.93, P P Conclusions Elevated midlife blood pressures, and the resulting increased white matter hyperintensities, increase the risk for MCI in a group of community-dwelling older men to at least the same degree as apolipoprotein E4 genotype. Given the common occurrence of elevations in midlife blood pressure, early and effective treatment may be warranted to prevent late-life brain abnormalities and MCI. Moreover, since many individuals with MCI progress to clinical dementia, longitudinal evaluations of this cohort will be important.
First trimester abortions induced by a single extraovular injection of prostaglandin F2α

Abstract The abortifacient effect of a single extraovular dose of 10mg PG F2α has been successfully demonstrated without additional therapy in first trimester pregnant patients. The immediate response to PG F2α was manifest as uterine pain which tapered off after about 2 hours. Slight uterine bleeding and decreased levels of plasma estradiol-17β and progesterone measured at 2 hours suggested an initial insult of PG F2α on the feto-placental unit. Subsequent reappearance of uterine activity and progressive cervical dilatation signaled effective therapy. Six patients out of 10 aborted completely in an average of 8.0 hours. The other 4 aborted their fetuses in 15.8 hours on the average but retained their placentae. Plasma steroid levels in the former group were decreased still further at the time of diagnostic curettage (22 hours); however, steroid levels remained unchanged in the latter group during the interval between 2 and 22 hours. These results suggest the possibility that, following the successful provocation of feto-placental insult by PG F2α, supplemental treatment with oxytocics might reduce instillation abortion time and increase the incidence of complete abortions.
What masks utrocular discrimination.

Utrocular discrimination, the ability to judge which eye has received monocular stimulation, was studied under conditions designed to reduce the salience of the cue mediating this discrimination. In one series of experiments, these conditions involved reducing the likelihood of motor command signals, overwhelming the motor command centers, and triggering motor command signals for both eyes. Those results indicate that utrocular discrimination is not mediated by ocular movements or command signals. In a second series of experiments, a visual masking paradigrn was used. A monocular test grating appeared superimposed upon a background of binocular masking noise, which was presented either simultaneously with the target or at some interval preceding or following the target (asynchronous masking). When presented simultaneously, the binocular masking noise interfered with utrocular performance, but only when the noise contained spatial frequencies near the test frequency. Masking functions obtained under conditions of asynchronous masking indicated that the time course of the forward and backward masking changed with spatial frequency. Finally, a sustained masking pattern that was ineffective in reducing utrocular performance could be made effective by pulsing the mask simultaneously with the target. Taken together, these results implicate a transient response to the target onset as a critical factor in generating the cue for successful utrocular discrimination. This conclusion may account for the fact that utrocular discrimination falls off for normal observers as the spatial frequency of the target grating increases above 4 cycles/deg.
Un-terminated common-mode EMI model of DC-fed motor drives

Terminal electromagnetic interference (EMI) models of power converters have been shown to successfully predict conducted emissions up to at least 30 MHz. These models can accurately predict the input side EMI of converters for changes in the source impedance but only for a fixed load. In other words these models cannot predict the input side EMI for changes in the load side parameters. Such terminated EMI models have limited utility as they cannot be used for converters that have a strong coupling between the input and output side EMI. Moreover, in aerospace applications, the conducted EMI standards (DO- 160) dictate limits on the noise currents in all power lines and cable bundles, thus compelling development of models that can predict the EMI on both sides of the power converters. The proposed un-terminated EMI terminal model in this paper directly predicts the input and output side common-mode (CM) noise currents in a motor drive system for changes in both source and load side impedances. Such models can be very useful in understanding how EMI filters and harnesses affect the overall EMI in a motor drive system. The model runs in the frequency-domain and is validated by experiments.
Simulation of Big Muddy surfactant pilot

An improved compositional chemical-flood simulator has been used for the study of the low-tension pilot project at the Big Muddy field near Casper, WY. Both the tracer injection conducted before injection of the chemical slug and the chemical-flooding stages of the pilot project were analyzed. Using a compositional simulator, the authors successfully matched not only the oil recovery but also the tracers, polymer, alcohol, and chloride histories. Simulation results indicate that for this freshwater reservoir, the salinity gradient during preflush and the resulting calcium pickup by the surfactant slug played a major role in project success. In addition, the analysis of the effects of crossflow on the performance of the pilot project indicate that for the well spacing of the pilot, crossflow does not play as important a role as it might for a large-scale project.
The Confucian's Progress: Autobiographical Writings in Traditional China

Challenging the widely held belief that autobiography is a unique product of the West, Pei-yi Wu demonstrates that writing about the self did thrive in one non-Western civilization. The pages of this first full-length treatment of Chinese autobiography teem with fascinating individuals each of whom has a story to tell--champions of lost causes explaining their impending martyrdom to posterity, earnest Buddhists and Confucians reporting on their spiritual quests, irrepressible and inventive egotists indulging in self-celebration, and distressed moralists confessing their sins. Affording the reader a view of some never before examined aspects of the Chinese psyche, The Confucian's Progress is also an accessible introduction to Chinese history and literature. "A highly intelligent--and thoroughly intelligible--book-length essay on autobiographical writings in China...With its ample and readable translations of a dazzling array of scarce Chinese texts alone, this book will reward readers. Moreover, The Confucian's Progress will force readers to think about the relationship between turning points in literary expression and social change, and about how the constraints (or conventions) of established genres limit or shape biographical and autobiographical writings."--Joanna F. Handlin Smith, The Journal of Asian Studies
Abstract 1383: The effect of a novel angiogenesis inhibitor (TM) on the efficacy of HSV-1 oncolytic virus

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are modified viruses specifically designed to lyse cancerous cells while leaving surrounding tissue intact. Solid tumors such as glioma represent an excellent candidate for this novel cancer therapy. We are investigating barriers towards oncolytic viral therapy in vivo. The tumor microenvironment plays an inhibitory role in viral propagation and spread. In particular, the angiogenic and inflammatory response that follows OV inoculation have been demonstrated to significantly limit OV efficacy. The goal of our current project is to determine if the novel copper-chelating angiostatic/anti-inflammatory drug, tetrathiomolybdate (TM), represents a potential co-therapy that can be used in conjunction with OV to enhance overall efficacy in a glioma model. Based on previous findings from our laboratory, the anti-cancerous effects of oncolytic viruses can be significantly increased by pre-treatment with an angiostatic agent. Apart from supporting angiogenesis, copper found in serum has also been shown to inhibit wild-type HSV infection and replication. Due it its copper chelating properties, TM has been FDA approved for Wilson's disease and is currently under clinical investigation for efficacy as an angiostatic and antineoplastic agent. Here we tested if copper can inhibit OV mediated glioma cell killing. 1): We found a significant and dose dependant inhibitory effect of copper on the cytotoxic ability of OV against multiple glioma and head and neck SCC cells. 2): The inhibitory effects of copper were apparent even at physiologically relevant concentrations of copper (1 mg/L in serum). 3): Further we found that Cu mediated inhibition of OV killing of glioma cell could be rescued by TM mediated copper chelation. 4): Finally we have tested that TM does not interfere with viral replication or tumor cell killing properties in vitro. Given the potential angiostatic and anti-inflammatory properties of TM, these studies support further in vivo testing of TM in conjunction with oncolytic viral therapy. 5): We are currently testing therapeutic efficacy of combining TM and OV for anti-glioma efficacy in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1383.
Chemical synthesis of Escherichia coli STh analogues by regioselective disulfide bond formation: Biological evaluation of an 111In-DOTA-Phe19-STh analogue for specific targeting of human colon cancers

New human Escherichia coli heat-stable peptide (ST(h)) analogues containing a DOTA chelating group were synthesized by sequential and selective formation of disulfides bonds in the peptide. This synthetic approach utilizes three orthogonal thiol-protecting groups, Trt, Acm, and t-Bu, to form three disulfide bonds by successive reactions using 2-PDS, iodine, and silyl chloride-sulfoxide systems. The DOTA-ST(h) conjugates exhibiting high guanylin/guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptor binding affinities were obtained with >98% purity. In vitro competitive binding assays, employing T-84 human colon cancer cells, demonstrated the IC(50) values of <2 nM for GC-C receptor binding suggesting that the new synthetic ST(h) analogues are biologically active. In vitro stability studies of the (111)In-DOTA-Phe(19)-ST(h) conjugate incubated in human serum at 37 degrees C under 5% CO(2) atmosphere revealed that this conjugate is extremely stable with no observable decomposition at 24 h postincubation. HPLC analysis of mouse urine at 1 h pi of the (111)In-DOTA-Phe(19)-ST(h) conjugate showed only about 15% decomposition suggesting that the (111)In-DOTA-Phe(19)-ST(h) conjugate is highly stable, even under in vivo conditions. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies of the (111)In-DOTA-Phe(19)-ST(h) conjugate in T-84 human colon cancer derived xenografts in SCID mice conducted at 1 h pi showed an initial tumor uptake of 2.04 +/- 0.30% ID/g at 1 h pi with efficient clearance from the blood pool (0.23 +/- 0.14% ID/g, 1 h pi) by excretion mainly through the renal/urinary pathway (95.8 +/- 0.2% ID, 1 h pi). High tumor/blood, tumor/muscle, and tumor/liver ratios of approximately 9:1, 68:1, and 26:1, respectively, were achieved at 1 h pi The specific in vitro and in vivo uptake of the radioactivity by human colonic cancer cells highlights the potential of radiometalated-DOTA-ST(h) conjugates as diagnostic/therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.
Selection of operating wavelength-pair for two-wavelength microspectrophotometry

The two-wave length method is the microspectrophotometric method of choice for thick specimens. Its accuracy is dependent on the accuracy of selection of the operating wavelenght-pair. The "slope zero test", offered as a check upon the accuracy of this selection (Garcia and Iorio, '66) is shown to be invalid by analysis of experimental data, by computer model and by mathematical derivation. A means of checking the accuracy of selection of the operating wavelength-pair via scanning measurements is suggested. A new formulation of the two-wavelength method, permitting use of different operating wavelength-pairs, is also given.
Results of high resolution slip measurements in a fretting experiment

Abstract An optical method of slip measurement in a fretting experiment has been developed which allows the measurement of slip amplitude to ±0.95 μm. Average sliding velocities of fretting interfaces during each 1.9 μm of relative motion can be calculated from the slip measurement data. Results on 4130 steel indicate that previously reported temperature variations of the fretting interface closely follow the pattern of the instantaneous sliding velocity of the interface, as is expected for frictional heating. The pattern of sliding velocity versus time is very regular from one fretting cycle to the next. It is concluded that any welding or adhesion which occurs at the interface is either on such a small scale that it does not disrupt the regular motion of sliding parts or is so infrequent in occurrence that it was not observed in any of the present experiments.
Toward the Development of an Ethnic Identity Measure for African American Youth

This article describes the preliminary researchfindings on the Multi-Construct African American Identity Questionnaire, an instrument designed to measure several proposed components of racial/ethnic identity in African American adolescents. Data are presented on African American youth, ranging from 11 to 18 years of age, at two urban sites in the midwestern and southeastern United States. The psychometric properties of the instrument are examined, and information is included on the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity of the instrument. The findings are also examined in the context of current theoretical models of ethnic identity and its relationship to self-construct and personal identity. The implications of thefindingsfor the healthy development of African American youth are discussed.
Structure of axionic domain walls.

The structure of axionic domain walls is investigated using the low-energy effective theory of axions and pions. We derive the spatial dependence of the phases of the Peccei-Quinn scalar field and the QCD quark-antiquark condensates inside an axionic domain wall. Thence an accurate estimate of the wall surface energy density is obtained. The equations of motion for axions, photons, leptons, and baryons in the neighborhood of axionic domain walls are written down and estimates are given for the wall reflection and transmission coefficients of these particles. Finally, we discuss the energy dissipation by axionic domain walls oscillating in the early universe due to the reflection of particles in the primordial soup.
Methods for increasing the sensitivity of sedimentation velocity analysis: a signal averaging Rayleigh optical system for the Beckman Instruments Optima XL-A analytical ultracentrifuge

A large increase in the sensitivity of sedimentation velocity experiments can be achieved by combining time derivative analysis with signal averaging. Computation of the time derivative results in the complete elimination of time independent optical background. The ability to rapidly acquire sedimentation profiles using real-time Rayleigh interferometry has made it possible to average large numbers of profiles over relatively short periods of time. Currently available, inexpensive computers and video frame grabbers have made it possible to acquire and reduce Rayleigh interferograms at the rate of about 1 per second. The ability to achieve high sensitivity means that high affinity interacting systems that can not be studied by the conventional ultracentrifugal methods are now accessible to analysis by analytical ultracentrifugation. A Rayleigh optical system for the Beckman Instruments Optima Series XL-A Analytical Ultracentrifuge is described, and methods of data acquisition and reduction are presented.
Personality and self-leadership

Abstract Self-leadership is being heralded by its proponents as a substitute for leadership in organizations. Self-leadership training interventions teach employees strategies for maximizing intrinsic motivation and improving self-direction. However, some trainees are likely to benefit more from self-leadership interventions than others. In order to determine which employees would benefit most, more must be known about how personality affects self-leadership. The purpose of this article is to identify the personality factors that are most likely to moderate self-leadership effectiveness.
First-principle calculation for the high-temperature diffusion coefficients of small pairs: the H–Ar Case

Argon has been widely used as a diluent for high-temperature reacting flow experiments. Numerical simulation of such process requires accurate diffusion coefficients for the H–Ar pair. All available potential energy functions for the H–Ar system have been empirically extrapolated in the repulsive region and are probably not reliable for prediction of H–Ar binary diffusion coefficient at high temperatures. We perform calculations using the restricted coupled cluster theory with single and double excitation (plus triple corrections) [RCCSD(T)] and suitable basis sets to obtain accurate potential energies. The calculated potential energy function is corrected for basis set superposition error and is validated against molecular beam scattering data. Comparisons with previous literature potential functions are also made. Using the Chapman–Enskog theory we carried out first-principle calculation of high-temperature diffusion coefficients by direct numerical integration of the collision integrals using the RCCSD...
Dexamethasone stimulates vitamin K-dependent carboxylase activity in neonatal rats and cultured fetal hepatocytes.

ABSTRACT: γ-Carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors may be a key regulatory element in output of these proteins from liver to blood in the developing neonate. We have investigated the effect of hormones and growth factor on the vitamin K-dependent carboxylation system in neonatal rats and cultured fetal hepatocytes. Of the hormones and growth factor tested, only dexamethasone had a significant effect on the system. When dexamethasone was administered to newborn rats, there was a delayed response that produced significant enhancement of carboxylase activity 6 d after injection of the drug. A similar delayed response to the drug could also be demonstrated in cultured fetal hepatocytes. When cultured in the presence of 0.1–1 μM dexamethasone, cellular carboxylase activity was little affected by the drug the first 2 d of culture but the activity was increased more than threefold by 4 d in culture. Microsomal membranes from neonatal rat livers and fetal hepatocytes treated with dexamethasone showed enhanced vitamin K-dependent 14C labeling of the factor X membrane precursor pool. Enhanced labeling of the factor X membrane precursor pool has also been demonstrated in rats and HepG2 cells treated with warfarin. The data suggest that 1) γ-carboxylation of clotting factors is regulated by glucocorticoids in the developing liver, and 2) dexamethasone stimulates intracellular γ-carboxylation of the factor X precursor by a mechanism that currently is unknown.
Renal sugar transport in the winter flounder IV. Effect of CA2+ on sugar transport in teased renal tubules

The electrolyte distribution and sugar uptake by teased renal tubules of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) was studied using incubation media with 1.4 mM Ca2+ (controls) and without Ca2+. The omission of Ca2+: (a) produced some cellular swelling, and increase in cell Na+ and loss of K+; (b) had no effect on the extracellular propylene-glycol space; (c) increased the uptake of non-metabolizable methyl-α-D-glucoside by the tissue: whereas in controls the equilibrium tissue/medium ratio (T/M) for the Na+-independent uptake of the sugar was 0.71 ± 0.03 (SEM, n = 9), in Ca2+-free media the T/M rose in 1.18 ± 0.06. The increase in sugar uptake seen in absence of Ca2+ was abolished by absence of Na+ (Li+-media), 0.5 mM ouabain and 0.5 mM phlorizin; (d) produced an increase in the galactose phosphate level without affecting that of free sugar; (e) decreased the active uptake of 2-deoxy-D-galactose by the tubules. These results were analyzed on the basis of available information on the transport characteristics of the sugars at the luminal and antiluminal cell faces. It is suggested that absence of Ca2+ increases the permeability of the intercellular junctions, thus permitting sugars to enter from the external medium into the tubular lumen. Methyl-α-D-glucoside and D-galactose can then be taken up into the cells by brush-border localized active processes, whereas 2-deoxy-D-galactose is not reabsorbed at this cellular face. At 1.4 mM Ca2+, the intercellular junction appears to be relatively impermeable to sugars and the transport properties in teased tubules reflect then events predominantly localized at the antiluminal cell face.
When Should Investors Trade in the European Futures Markets

When should investors trade? A badly executed trade can negatively impact the performance of even the best idea. This is a particularly acute problem for international investors who have to trade in multiple markets, each with slightly different trading hours and market structures. This article examines the intra-day volume, spreads, and volatility in the European futures markets. We believe that this analysis will help active European market investors develop better trading strategies.
Miscible simultaneous IPNs and Pseudo-IPNs

Abstract We present experimental data in support of the principal factors promoting enhanced miscibility of IPNs. These are the match of rates of the crosslinking reactions producing the IPNs, and minimizing the difference in the solubility parameter and glass transition temperature of the linear chain components. Long-lived, metastable pseudo-IPNs can be produced if the concentration of the linear component is not too large and the molecular weight is sufficiently large.
Measuring alcohol-related consequences and motives among students attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities.

INTRODUCTION: College student drinkers have the propensity to engage in heavy alcohol consumption. These consumption patterns can be problematic given the well-established relationship between heavy drinking and negative consequences of alcohol consumption. Though the research on college student drinking is abundant, much of the work conducted has been with Caucasian samples and less so with African American samples or at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). METHODS: The current paper assessed the internal reliability and concurrent validity of two popular measures of alcohol related negative consequences (CAPS-r and YAACQ) and a measure of drinking motives (DMQ-R) within a HBCU sample. RESULTS: Total scores for the CAPS-r and YAACQ and all five subscales of the DMQ-R were internally reliable as determined by Cronbach's alpha. Correlations and regressions established concurrent validity for both measures of negative consequences as well as the subscales for the DMQ-R. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the use of these measures in the assessment of negative consequences and motivations for alcohol consumption within a HBCU population. Language: en
Phenocryst-bulk rock composition relations of abyssal tholeiites and their petrogenetic significance

Abstract In order to infer equilibrium phase relations of abyssal tholeiites, olivine, plagioclase, augite, and pigeonite tholeiites from the ocean floor are plotted in terms of the CIPW norm proportions in the tetrahedron olivine-plagioclase-diopside-quartz. The phase relations of abyssal tholeiites have a general similarity in form to those of the experimentally studied relevant systems. Experimental studies on natural basalts allow the pressure of crystallization for abyssal tholeiitic magmas to be evaluated approximately. It appears that the pressure at which the phenocryst-stage crystallization of abyssal tholeiites takes place is as high as 2 or 3 kbar, provided that abyssal tholeiitic magmas are ‘dry’. Abyssal tholeiites could be derived from liquids that are in equilibrium with Ca-poor pyroxene in the pressure range of about 5–8 kbar. Major element chemistry of abyssal tholeiites is incompatible with the view that these tholeiitic basalts are derived from picritic magma by olivine fractionation.
Chlorpromazine, quinacrine, and verapamil as donor pretreatment in liver preservation, tested in the isolated perfused rat liver

Rats were pretreated with a single iv dose of chlorpromazine (CPZ) 3 mg/kg, verapamil 1 mg/kg, or quinacrine 2 mg/kg. Livers were taken out and perfused with University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solution and stored on ice for 48 h in the UW solution before reperfusion with erythrocyte-free and colloid-free Krebs-Hanseleit buffer at 38 degrees C in a nonrecirculating perfusion system for 2 h. CPZ- and quinacrine-pretreated livers produced significantly more bile than control livers and also released significantly less alanine aminotransferase into the perfusate at 30, 60, and 120 min of reperfusion. Aspartate aminotransferase levels were lower at 30 and 60 min of reperfusion for CPZ-pretreated livers but not at 120 min. The only difference between groups concerning lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release into the perfusate was that CPZ decreased the amount of LDH released at 60 min. Total tissue water or tissue electrolyte content of the liver tissue at the end of the reperfusion did not differ between groups. In conclusion, verapamil was ineffective when given as single dose iv pretreatment to the liver donor but pretreatment with CPZ or quinacrine appeared to improve the function of the preserved liver.
The influence of multiple artifacts on the effectiveness of software testing

The effectiveness of the software testing process is determined by artifacts used in testing, including the program, the set of tests, and the test oracle. However, in evaluating software testing techniques, including automated software testing techniques, the influence of these testing artifacts is often overlooked. In my upcoming dissertation, we intend to explore the interrelationship between these three testing artifacts, with the goal of establishing a solid scientific foundation for understanding how they interact. We plan to provide two contributions towards this goal. First, we propose a theoretical framework for discussing testing based on previous work in the theory of testing. Second, we intend to perform a rigorous empirical study controlling for program structure, test coverage criteria, and oracle selection in the domain of safety critical avionics software.
Multivariate analysis of T cell functional defects and circulating serum factors in Hodgkin's disease

A comprehensive immunologic and serologic analysis was performed on 31 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease. Immune evaluations stressed T-cell functional activity and included traditional parameters (PHA responsiveness and delayed hypersensitivity skin reactivity), as well as newer functional assays (T-cell colony formation, chemotaxis, spontaneous and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, and concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell activity (CISA). Serum factors included ferritin, prostaglandins, zinc, copper, immune complexes, and thymic hormone activity. Every patient exhibited at least one T-cell or serum abnormality. The greatest percentage of patients exhibited T-cell defects in chemotaxis (85%), colony formation (81%). and PHA reactivity (64%). Immune defects were more common with advanced disease but were not related to absolute T-cell or monocyte count, skin test anergy, or abnormalities of T mu/T gamma cell proportions. Linear relationships were identified among abnormalities in the three assays employing mononuclear cells (PHA, colony formation, CISA) which may have reflected the inhibitory influence of monocytes present in the mononuclear cell preparations. Low serum zinc correlated with marked impairment of T-cell chemotaxis. Elevated prostaglandins were associated with high PHA reactivity and with depressed colony formation. Our results indicate that many complex factors, including intrinsic T-cell defects, contribute to the impaired immunity associated with Hodgkin's disease.
Evaluation potential as a determinant of coaction effects

Abstract Two purposes of the study were: (a) to test the hypothesis that increasing number of coactors result in increasing impairment in motor performance; and (b) to determine what component(s) of the coaction situation produce the social facilitation phenomenon. Alone, dyads, triads, and tetrads were the four coactor levels. Three levels of evaluation potential were created: the normal coaction situation (direct evaluation), the removal of visual cues but knowledge of others' performance outcome (indirect evaluation), and no potential for evaluation (no evaluation). Results supported the hypothesis that increasing numbers of coactors results in increasing impairment of motor performance. The results also provide qualified support for Cottrell's (1968) hypothesis that evaluation apprehension, rather than the mere presence of others, is the source of the social facilitation phenomenon.