cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pharmakokinetik eines neuen ß-Rezeptorenblockers (Terbuclomin) bei Niereninsuffizienz

Durch die Weiterentwicklung der s-Rezeptorenblocker konnten ihre extracardialen Nebenwirkungen, Pulsfrequenzabnahme und intrinsic activity reduziert werden. Dadurch stieg ihre klinische Bedeutung in der Therapie von Herz- und insbesondere Coronarerkrankungen. An diesen leiden haufig Patienten im Stadium der Niereninsuffizienz. Da die uberwiegende Ausscheidung der s-Adrenolytika jedoch durch die Nieren erfolgt, interessierte die Frage nach einer evtl. veranderten Pharmakokinetik bei Niereninsuffizienz. Ein neuer s-Rezeptorenblocker, das Terbuclomin, ein s-Adrenolytikum mit Langzeitwirkung, wurde als arm an unerwunschten hamodynamischen Nebenwirkungen schon vorgestellt [1]. Es wird uberwiegend, ahnlich wie Propranolol, als Metabolit durch die Nieren ausgeschieden. Unter Ausnutzung des Antagonismus zwischen Isoproterenol und Terbuclomin bzw. Propranolol als Vergleichssubstanz wurde daher ihre Pharmakokinetik bei Nierengesunden und Niereninsuffizienzen erstellt und die Ergebnisse miteinander verglichen.
Citizens as Analysts

Citizenship has been studied from almost every standpoint except that of participation in public policy. The influence of citizens on the making and changing of policy, citizens’ power (or the lack thereof) over public officials who make and administer policy, and the ability of the general public to hold these elites accountable, even citizens’ ability to create and dissolve government itself, have been subject to scrutiny. But participation as part of policy (with the exception of Michael Lipsky’s “Street Corner Bureaucrats”) has been neglected.
Motivation and Leadership

One of the managerial battles of my generation of physicians has been over productivity. During the digital transition in medicine, we have been encouraged, incentivized, and in some cases even threatened in order to get us to do more work in less time. While the transition to electronic records, to picture archiving and communication systems, and to voice recognition was difficult for those who had trained in the analog era, ultimately these IT systems have allowed a significant growth in how much work those of us in medical imaging could do. At face value that is obviously a good thing, but this revolution, like most revolutions, has its downsides. The transformation has also led to negatives, such as battles over which of us did more or less of this higher volume of work, the faster rate of work crowds out other tasks, such as taking the time to teach, to do research, or other important work. There was and still is the downside of reducing time for human interaction as people are hunkered down in front of computer screens rather than talking to each other, doing consultations, and answering the phone.
Ablative Liver Partition and Portal Vein Embolization: Proof-of-Concept Testing in a Rabbit Model.

Abstract Purpose To test the hypothesis that a modified approach to portal vein embolization (PVE)—termed ablative liver partition (ALP) and PVE (ALP-PVE)—is feasible and results in greater future liver remnant (FLR) growth compared with PVE alone in a rabbit model. Materials and Methods Eighteen rabbits (median weight, 2.7 kg) underwent PVE (n = 9) or ALP-PVE (n = 9). PVE to cranial liver lobes was performed with 100–300-μm microspheres and metallic coils; the caudal lobe was spared as the FLR. In the ALP-PVE cohort, a liver partition between cranial and caudal lobes was created by using microwave ablation (40 W, 1 min). Animals were euthanized and livers were harvested on postprocedure day 7. Caudal and cranial liver lobes were weighed after 4 weeks of oven drying. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was used to quantify liver mitotic index. ALP-PVE feasibility was determined based on procedure technical success. Standardized FLR (sFLR; ie, FLR divided by whole liver weight) and mitotic index were compared between PVE and ALP-PVE groups by two-tailed independent-samples Mann–Whitney U test. Results One PVE-group rabbit died during anesthesia induction and was excluded from technical success calculation. Eight of 8 (100%) and 8 of 9 rabbits (89%) underwent technically successful PVE and ALP-PVE, respectively. There was no difference in sex or weight distribution between groups. sFLR (0.32 vs 0.29; P = .022) and mitotic index (17.5% vs 6.2%; P = .051) were higher in ALP-PVE vs PVE caudal lobes when the first "learning-curve" case from each group was excluded. Conclusions ALP-PVE is feasible and may stimulate greater FLR growth compared with PVE in a rabbit model.
Scientific and Technological Foundations for Scaling Production of Nanostructured Metals

Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) has been explored in a wide range of metals and alloys. However, there are only a few industrial scale implementations of SPD for commercial alloys. To demonstrate and evolve technology for producing ultrafine grain metals by SPD, a Nanostructured Metals Manufacturing Testbed (NMMT) has been established in Golden, Colorado. Machines for research scale and pilot scale Equal Channel Angular Pressing-Conform (ECAP-C) technology have been configured in the NMMT to systematically evaluate and evolve SPD processing and advance the foundational science and technology for manufacturing. We highlight the scientific and technological areas that are critical for scale up of continuous SPD of aluminum, copper, magnesium, titanium, and iron-based alloys. Key areas that we will address in this presentation include the need for comprehensive analysis of starting microstructures, data on operating deformation mechanisms, high pressure thermodynamics and phase transformation kinetics, tribological behaviors, temperature dependence of lubricant properties, adaptation of tolerances and shear intensity to match viscoplastic behaviors, real-time process monitoring, and mechanics of billet/tooling interactions.
Statistical Unigram Analysis for Source Code Repository

Unigram is a fundamental element of n-gram in natural language processing. However, unigrams collected from a natural language corpus are unsuitable for solving problems in the domain of computer programming languages. In this paper, we analyze the properties of unigrams collected from an ultra-large source code repository. Specifically, we have collected 1.01 billion unigrams from 0.7 million open source projects hosted at GitHub.com. By analyzing these unigrams, we have discovered statistical patterns regarding (1) how developers name variables, methods, and classes, and (2) how developers choose abbreviations. Our study describes a probabilistic model for solving a well-known problem in source code analysis: how to expand a given abbreviation to its original indented word. It shows that the unigrams collected from source code repositories are essential resources to solving the domain specific problems.
Abstract 2950: Biomarkers of immune infiltration for multiplex immunofluorescence in breast cancer

Introduction: Only a subset of patients have a clinical response to cancer immunotherapy. The molecular mechanisms that mediate the immunological response or tolerance to treatment are just beginning to be understood. Several tumor signaling pathways are involved in those mechanisms: Wnt/β-catenin, STAT3, NFkB, PI3K/PTEN/AKT, and TP53. To characterize the tumor, its immune infiltrate, and its microenvironment, we examined expression of several biomarkers and determined the relationships among them in various breast cancer subtypes. Methods: 148 breast cancer (BCa) cases from the University of Chicago Breast Cancer SPORE tissue bank under IRB approved protocols were classified into four biological subtypes based on immunohistochemical (IHC) staining: luminal A, luminal B, Her2 and basal-like. IHC staining for PD-L1, CD8, FoxP3, CD68, CD163, and β-catenin was performed on tissue microarrays. CD8+ and FoxP3+ cells were counted manually and recalculated for 1 mm2. Macrophage phenotype was determined using single and double staining with CD68 for total population and CD68/CD163 for M2. CD68+ and CD163+ cells were counted manually, confirmed by Image Analysis, and recalculated for 1 mm2. PD-L1 and β-catenin (membrane-associated, cytosolic and nuclear) were scored as negative, weak positive, moderate, and strong. Results: The study cohort subtypes were 20.9% basal-like, 10.4% Her2, 58.3% luminal A, and 10.4% luminal B. The ratio of M2 to M1 cells increased with disease progression (p Conclusions and Future Directions: Our data suggests that IHC using a panel of antibodies may be a robust and suitable method for evaluating level of immune infiltration. Future studies will evaluate multiplex immunofluorescence of multiple biomarkers in breast tissue. Citation Format: April Swoboda, Galina Khramtsova, Lise Sveen, Andrey Khramtsov, Rita Nanda, Olufunmilayo Olopade. Biomarkers of immune infiltration for multiplex immunofluorescence in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2950. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2950
GW_QA at SemEval-2017 Task 3: Question Answer Re-ranking on Arabic Fora

This paper describes our submission to SemEval-2017 Task 3 Subtask D, “Question Answer Ranking in Arabic Community Question Answering”. In this work, we applied a supervised machine learning approach to automatically re-rank a set of QA pairs according to their relevance to a given question. We employ features based on latent semantic models, namely WTMF, as well as a set of lexical features based on string lengths and surface level matching. The proposed system ranked first out of 3 submissions, with a MAP score of 61.16%.
Learning After an Ambiguous Change: A Grounded Integration of Framing and Achievement Goal Theories

ABSTRACTDue to the importance of teams learning after an ambiguous change and little being known about how to compel learning in that situation, this paper synthesizes interviews with achievement g...
A comparison of HVDC damping controllers in the western North American Power System

Utilization of existing HVDC lines as actuators for wide-area damping control present many advantages over other actuation schemes, decreasing capital costs and time to deployment, for example. Two large, recently modernized HVDC lines currently exist in the western North American Power System (wNAPS) and are effective actuators, but are limited by number and geographical placement. Comparative analysis is performed in order to determine which is the most effective SISO actuator for several contingency events. The advantages and disadvantages of each controller are investigated using a linear model and the stability is assessed for each. Relative performance is evaluated using a detailed nonlinear simulation of the wNAPS while employing a geographically-segregated contingency analysis to determine the locations most impacted by each control system.
Counselor Self-Reference: Self-Disclosure and Self-Involving Skills

Two types of genetic counseling skills involve self-reference by genetic counselors: self-disclosure and self-involving responses. Self-referent responses are advanced helping skills, and although used less frequently than other types of responses, they can have powerful effects on genetic counseling processes and outcomes. This chapter defines self-disclosure and self-involving skills, differentiates self-disclosure from self-involving responses, provides guidelines for using self-disclosure and self-involving responses effectively, and describes potential benefits and risks of each type of self-referent response. Concrete examples of patient requests for genetic counselor self-disclosure are provided, and examples of counselor-patient themes appropriate for self-involving responses are provided. The structured activities and written exercises at the end of the chapter encourage student development of self-referent skills through self-reflection, practice, and feedback.
Superresolution imaging of Drosophila tissues using expansion microscopy.

This report describes the application and validation of optimized expansion microscopy procedures to probe various Drosophila tissues with a spatial resolution of ~70 nm using a standard confocal m...
Imaging and Treating Cancer with Carbon Nanotube Technology

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one-dimensional cylindrical tubes of carbon atoms bonded together, similar to graphene and have drawn great interest for their use as medical agents due to their potential for a variety of clinical applications. Researchers have used CNTs as therapeutic agents, both by taking advantage of their powerful light-driven effects and using them as carriers for peptide and small molecule drugs. As progress toward these applications continues, monitoring CNTs in vivo will also be important to evaluate their potential toxicity, therapeutic activity, and any physiological side effects that the material may cause in various organs. Furthermore, CNTs provide a versatile platform for combining therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities for so-called theranostic agents, a field which has seen a surge of activity in recent years. Here, we focus on CNT-based materials functionalized for therapeutic, diagnostic, and theranostic applications in cancer, while also discussing the future directions and challenges of CNT medical agents in general. As evidenced by the body of work presented in this Chapter, CNTs may have a future as multimodal anti-cancer agents, thereby increasing the efficacy of current therapies and imaging techniques while also decreasing harmful side effects that often impede effective patient care.
Critique or Misrepresentation? A Reply to Timimi et al.

In rebuttal to Timimi et al., we show that their critique is not a form of reasonable scientific debate with informed, constructive criticism, but merely a misrepresentation of the existing scientific literature on ADHD apparently designed to convince the scientifically uninformed of its nonexistence and of the misuse of medications for its management. We show their argument to be based on faulty logic, selective citation, misreprensentation of individual studies, ignorance of the vast literature on ADHD, and innuendo that maligns the integrity of scientists studying the disorder. Our original International Consensus Statement on ADHD remains untarnished by this faux critique – indeed it was intended to refute just such unsupported and unsupportable criticism that often appears in the popular media.
SPECIAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR 3-MANIFOLDS

Publisher Summary This chapter presents special representations for 3-manifolds. Using techniques from the link calculus, it is shown in the chapter that each closed, oriented 3-manifold admits a very special type of Heegaard decomposition that is also a very special surgery. It is well-known that each closed, orientable 3-manifold M may be represented by two different methods. Surgery representations of 3-manifolds are very flexible, because they may be altered very easily by the moves of the link calculus, however, such alterations are in general quite unmotivated. On the other hand, Heegaard splittings are associated with a very deep structure, namely, the group-theoretic structure of the set of gluing maps, under composition of mappings.
Attitudes toward animal research: revisiting.

Gallup and Beckstead’s (1988) commentary in the American Psychologist reported an assessment of college student’s attitudes toward animal research. Among many findings, one main conclusion reached by the authors was that the participants in their study were generally concerned about the welfare of animals used in research, but that they also appreciated and valued the need for animal experimentation. Given the declining support for animal research from the general population over the past few decades, the present study administered the same questionnaire to a contemporary sample of university students to determine whether any patterns would emerge in a current sample’s responses to these items. While the results suggest that respondents still demonstrate significant concern for animal welfare, importantly, the present sample of participants showed significantly less agreement with items that stressed the importance and value of conducting animal research. Educating college students about the importance of animal research and its valuable contributions to science as an enduring component of instructional practice in neuroscience and other courses may be an important step toward reversing these trends.
An approach to automatic process deviation detection in a time-critical clinical process

Abstract Motivation Prior research has shown that minor errors and deviations from recommended guidelines in complex medical processes can accumulate to increase the likelihood that a major error will go uncorrected and lead to an adverse outcome. Real-time automatic and accurate detection of process deviations may help medical teams better prevent or mitigate the effect of errors and improve patient outcomes. Our goal was to develop an approach for automatic detection of errors and process deviations in trauma resuscitation. Methods Using video review, we coded activity traces of 95 pediatric trauma resuscitations collected in a Level 1 trauma center over two years (2014–2016). Twenty-four randomly selected activity traces were compared with a knowledge-driven model of trauma resuscitation workflow using a phase-based conformance checking algorithm for detecting true and false deviations (alarms). An analysis of false alarms identified three types of causes: (1) model gaps or discrepancies between the model (“work as imagined”) and actual practice (“work as done”), (2) errors in activity traces coding, and (3) algorithm limitations. We repaired the system to remove model gaps, reduce coding errors, and address algorithm limitations. The repaired system was first evaluated with another 20 traces and then applied to the entire dataset of 95 traces. Results During the training, we detected 573 process deviations in 24 activity traces that include 1099 activities. Among these deviations, only 27% represented true deviations and the remaining 73% were false alarms. This initial deviation detection accuracy was only 66.6%, with a F1-score of 0.42. Detection accuracy of the repaired system increased to 95.2% (0.85 F1-score) during system validation and to 98.5% (0.96 F1-score) during testing. After deploying the repaired deviation detection system to all 95 activity traces, we detected 1060 process deviations in 5659 activities (11.2 deviations per resuscitation). Among the 5659 activities in these traces, 4893 fit the repaired knowledge-driven workflow model, 294 were errors of omission, 538 were errors of commission, and 228 were scheduling errors. Conclusion Our approach to automatic deviation detection provides a method for identifying repeated, omitted and out-of-sequence activities that can be included in the design of decision support systems for complex medical processes. Our findings show the importance of assessing detected deviations for repairing a knowledge-driven model that best represents “work as done.”
Wrestling with “Half Gods”: Biblical Discourse in Mary Austin’s The Ford:

Mary Austin’s novel The Ford recounts the water transfer from the Owens Valley to Los Angeles in the early twentieth century. Previous critical analysis of the text has focused on its vision of reg...
“We’re Going to Have to Do Things That Are Unthinkable”: Masculinity/Games/Torture

The rise of representations of torture in the media—particularly in videogames—mirrors the widespread return of torture as a ‘legitimate’ expression of US power. Torture has become closely associated with a variety of masculinities; it serves as a proving mechanism for the subject and as an ideological tool of capitalism and empire, both in the US and abroad. In videogames, the player can participate in the torture, often because the narrative and mechanics require the player to torture in order to progress through the game. How is this discursive and performative behavior different than torture in other media, and why are men so interested in, and bound to, torture as masculine ritual and affect?
Ian MacKaye Is Alive and Well and Living in DC: Concluding Thoughts

This chapter concludes with observations on DC, Paris, and urban theory. Though these cities have priced out much of the subculture piece by piece, punk scenes have endured in both. Punk icons like Ian MacKaye, Henry Rollins, and Dave Grohl have drawn greater attention to DC as new generations of fans discover hardcore, and Paris has come to excavate its underground past as well.
Electrical Impedance Characterization of Erythrocyte Response to Cyclic Hypoxia in Sickle Cell Disease

Cell sickling is the process in which intracellular polymerization of deoxygenated sickle hemoglobin (HbS) leads to distorted, rigid cells, resulting in abnormal blood rheology and painful vaso-occlusion. Current methods for detection of this process mainly rely on optical microscopy of cellular morphology and measurements of cell deformability and blood rheology. As electrical impedance of cells is a sensitive indicator of changes in cellular structure and biophysical characteristics, it can be a promising marker for characterization of abnormal blood rheology and a means more convenient than optics to be integrated into point-of-care devices. In this work, a microfluidics-based electrical impedance sensor has been developed for characterizing the dynamic cell sickling-unsickling processes in sickle blood. The sensor is capable of measuring the continuous variation in the sickle cell suspension due to cyclic hypoxia-induced intracellular HbS polymerization and depolymerization. Simultaneous microscopic imaging of cell morphological change shows the reliability and repeatability of the electrical impedance-based measurements of cell sickling and unsickling processes. Strong correlation is found between the electrical impedance measurement and patients' hematological parameters such as levels of HbS and fetal hemoglobin. The combination of electrical impedance measurement and on-chip hypoxia control provides a promising method for rapid assessment of the dynamic processes of cell sickling and unsickling in patients with sickle cell disease.
A novel multi-class support vector machine classifier for automated classification of beaked whales and other small odontocetes

Navy sonar has recently been implicated in several marine mammal stranding events. Beaked whales (particulary Mesoplodon densirostris) have been the predominant species involved in a number of these strandings. Monitoring and mitigating the effects of anthropogenic noise on marine mammals are active areas of research. Key to both monitoring and mitigation is the ability to automatically detect and classify animals, especially beaked whales. This paper presents a novel support vector machine based methodology for automated, species level classification of small odontocetes. The new classifier, called the class-specific support vector machine (CS-SVM), consists of multiple binary SVM's where each SVM discriminates between a class of interest and a common reference class. A main objective in the development of the CS-SVM was to realize a robust multi-class SVM whose implementation is simpler than existing multi-class SVM methods. A CS-SVM was trained to identify click vocalization from four species of odontocetes including Mesoplodon densirostris. The algorithm processes time series data in a fully automated fashion first detecting and then classifying click events. Results from the application of this automated classifier to the data sets provided by the 3 rd International Workshop on Detection and Classification of Marine Mammals Using Passive Acoustics are presented.
Non-invasive Assessment of Central Retinal Artery Pressure: Age and Posture-dependent Changes.

Purpose: Assessment of Ocular Perfusion Pressure (OPP) requires estimation of the Mean Central Retinal Artery Pressure (MCRAP) [OPP = MCRAP-IOP]. In a seated position, MCRAP is currently estimated as 2/3 of the Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) to account for the hydrostatic reduction of MAP at eye level. We tested a surrogate method for direct MCRAP assessment by measuring MAP with Arm-Up and cuff at eye level (AUMAP) at different postures and ages. Methods: MAP and AUMAP were assessed in a mixed population of 136 subjects (mean age 44 ± 17.39 years) including healthy participants (N = 30) and patients with optic neuropathies (Glaucoma suspects, N = 14; Open-Angle Glaucoma, N = 26, LHON, N = 19; MS, N = 47) not expected to alter systemic blood pressure. None of the subjects had history of carotid stenosis or pharmacological treatment to regulate blood pressure. AUMAP was also tested in two subgroups in supine (N = 42) and -10° Head Down body Tilt position (HDT, N = 46). Results: In the seated position, both 2/3MAP and AUMAP increased with increasing age, however with steeper (2x) slope for AUMAP (P < .0001). With decreasing angle of body tilt, AUMAP increased while MAP decreased. The mean AUMAP/MAP ratio (posture coefficient) was, seated, 0.73 (SE 0.003); supine, 0.90 (SE 0.005); HDT, 0.97 (SE 0.005). In the seated position only, the AUMAP/MAP ratio significantly increased with age (P < .0001). Mean posture coefficients obtained with AUMAP were in the range of those based on either direct ophthalmodynamometric measurements or hydrostatic estimations. Conclusions: Surrogate measurement of MCRAP in individual subjects is feasible using the simple AUMAP approach that provides a straightforward estimation of OPP (OPP = AUMAP - IOP) at different body postures. The standard method OPP = 2/3*MAP-IOP in the seated posture underestimates OPP at older ages. Clinical estimation of OPP would benefit from the use of AUMAP, in particular for head-down postures.
Reassessing Particulate Organic Carbon Dynamics in the Highly Disturbed San Francisco Bay Estuary

Environmental research has been shifting toward a new normal in which a primary focus is to capture change that may be accelerating. In this study, we collected particulate samples in the northern San Francisco Bay Estuary (SFBE) in the fall of 2011 through the spring of 2012 in order to assess vascular plant contributions across both time and space, and to compare our findings with a similar set of samples from 1990-92. Across the ~20-year span, we detected 1) decreasing C:Na ratios (averages±SD of 12.5±2.5 vs. 8.8±1.4, significant t-test with p<0.0001), 2) distinct shifts in chlorophyll vs. salinity, with higher chlorophyll concentrations shifting toward freshwater, and 3) greater relative proportions of vascular plant carbon that also appears less degraded (as indicated by lignin measurements) shifting from freshwater toward higher salinities. Lignin compositional data (syringyl:vanillyl and cinnamyl:vanillyl) suggests that increased lignin content in the more saline samples could be derived from wetland materials while a two-endmember mixing model indicates that a significant portion of the POC in the western sites (50-60% as an upper bound, 13-15% as a lower bound) could be wetland-derived. This has potential implications for the lower foodweb, given recent work that demonstrates selective feeding by copepods on wetland detrital material in the northern SFBE. The latter has ramifications for proposed wetland restoration within the SFBE and Sacramento River/San Joaquin River Delta system, namely that restored wetlands could confer important benefits toward the foodweb. Equally important is to prioritize continued monitoring of particulate organic matter cycling in the SFBE system to make sure that changing conditions are accounted for in any management decisions.
Second-Generation Immigrant Students and the Senior-Year Transition

This qualitative study explores how second-generation immigrant (SGI) college seniors experience and navigate their final year of college. Drawing on Schlossberg’s theory of transitions, we analyze...
Correlation of menstrual distress to severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), namely, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are idiopathic chronic, relapsing, inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Triggers for disease flares include medications, infection, acute stress, and the menstrual cycle. Varying ovarian hormone levels i.e. prostaglandins and progesterone may exaggerate GI symptoms in IBD. We aimed to determine the relationship between quality of life, endoscopic and clinical disease activity and the menstrual cycle among females with IBD through a questionnaire based cross-sectional study. The first 75 women of child-bearing age seen at IBD clinic completed a questionnaire incorporating the short IBD questionnaire (SIBDQ). Menstrual symptoms were evaluated using the validated Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) to measure cyclical peri-menstrual symptoms. Endoscopic disease severity was assessed using the Rutgeert’s score (post ileo-cecal resection patients) or Simple Endoscopic Score for CD and the Mayo score for UC. There was a statistically negative correlation between MDQ and SIBDQ scores (p<0.001); i.e. patients with lower menstrual distress scores had better quality of life. We found no correlation between the SIBDQ, MDQ and endoscopic scores (p = 0.094, 0.626 respectively). Previous studies suggest that the severity of menstrual symptoms correlate with a poorer quality of life among women with IBD. However, this may not be reflective of the endoscopic disease severity. Larger studies are necessary to evaluate adjusting medication closer to menstrual period and adding supportive therapy peri-menstrually in anticipation of symptoms.
Do Models of Mental Health Based on Social Media Data Generalize

Proxy-based methods for annotating mental health status in social media have grown popular in computational research due to their ability to gather large training samples. However, an emerging body of literature has raised new concerns regarding the validity of these types of methods for use in clinical applications. To further understand the robustness of distantly supervised mental health models, we explore the generalization ability of machine learning classifiers trained to detect depression in individuals across multiple social media platforms. Our experiments not only reveal that substantial loss occurs when transferring between platforms, but also that there exist several unreliable confounding factors that may enable researchers to overestimate classification performance. Based on these results, we enumerate recommendations for future mental health dataset construction.
IEEE International Workshop on System Biology and Biomedical Systems (SBBS 2020) Took Place in Taichung City, Taiwan

The second workshop of the series was once again co-sponsored by the IEEE Consumer Electronics Society's Hong Kong Section and the IEEE Systems Council. It was held at Providence University on December 3-4, 2020.
Associations between religious and spiritual variables and neuroimmune activity in survivors of breast cancer: a feasibility study.

Chronic stress is associated with neuroimmune inflammation and adverse outcomes in breast cancer survivors. Some breast cancer survivors rely on religious and spiritual (R/S) variables to manage stress after breast cancer treatment. A spiritually based psychoneuroimmunological (PNI) model of health suggests that R/S variables influence neuroimmune activity; however, these associations are not well-established. A pilot study was conducted to assess the feasibility of studying associations between R/S variables and neuroimmune biomarkers in breast cancer survivors. Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were sampled among women previously treated for breast cancer. The primary aim was to assess feasibility and acceptability of the sampling protocol. A secondary aim explored associations between sAA, IL-6, R/S variables, and health outcomes. Forty-one women completed the study. Biomarker sampling yielded 246 acceptable specimens used for analysis. SAA was detectable in 96% of specimens and IL-6 was detectable in 44% of specimens. The R/S variables with the strongest associations to sAA were spiritual self-rank (rs = .39; p < .05) and forgiveness (rs = .40; p < .05). The R/S variable with the strongest association to salivary IL-6 was positive congregational support (rs = .42; p < .05). Feasibility and acceptability of the sampling protocol were confirmed. Reference ranges for sAA and IL-6 for female breast cancer survivors are presented. Results suggest that spiritual beliefs and religious practices are associated with neuroimmune activity, adding credence to a spiritually based PNI model of health. Findings lay the foundations for future R/S-based interventions to promote health and well-being in breast cancer survivors.
Consumer Preferences for Delacata Catfish: A Choice Experiment with Tasting

This article investigates consumer preferences for Delacata catfish, a relatively new fillet of grade-A catfish, by conducting in-person choice experiments with tasting sessions. Panels were held at three white-tablecloth restaurants across the United States, featuring sample entrees of Delacata catfish along with sample entrees of other species of mild-tasting, white-fleshed fish. Results suggest that Delacata catfish may fare well in terms of search and experience attributes such as taste and texture, across all locations, but may face labeling challenges in certain locations. This study provides willingness-to-pay estimates and discusses possible marketing strategies to further increase market potential for the US fish industry.
Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of St. Vincent, West Indies

The ants of Saint Vincent have long been one of the most thoroughly documented ant faunas of any Caribbean island. Ant specimens collected more than 100 years ago on St. Vincent include 76 valid taxa. In ten days surveying ants on Saint Vincent, I found eleven species not found by previous researchers. Eight are widespread Neotropical species ( Anochetus inermis , Camponotus claviscapus, Cyphomyrmex minutus, Odontomachus ruginodis , Pheidole exigua , Pheidole moerens , Rogeria curvipubens , Solenopsis corticalis ) and three are Old World exotics ( Cardiocondyla minutior , Syllophopsis sechellensis , Trichomyrmex destructor ). Ant records from St. Vincent include more Neotropical species (72) and fewer Old World exotic species (15) than the neighboring Caribbean islands of similar size: Barbados and Grenada. Factors that may contribute to this pattern are that, compared to Barbados and Grenada, Saint Vincent has more mountainous terrain, more intact forest, lower human population density, and fewer international tourist visits.
Modeling the Impacts of Income on the Subjective Happiness: An Empirical Study

The influence of income on the subjective happiness of teachers in Chinese private universities is researched in this paper. First of all, considering the features of the Chinese private university, the measuring model of the subjective happiness of teachers in higher institutions was established. Then, the private university teachers in China were taken as investigation objects to collect data samples. Finally, based on the questionnaire data, the author will verify the measuring model by using the structural equation model. The empirical research results show that the welfare system of the investor has a positive impact on the teacher income, and the income has a notable positive impact on the subjective happiness of teachers through consumption level and housing conditions. Therefore, it has a significant positive influence on the subjective happiness of the teachers in Chinese private colleges. With the higher income, the subjective happiness of the teachers becomes stronger. In addition, the welfare system of the investor will also have a positive influence on the subjective happiness of the teachers through expenditure system, management culture, and enterprise welfare.
Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines in a predominantly Hispanic patient population from the Texas-Mexico Border

ABSTRACT Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines in a predominantly Hispanic patient population from the Texas-Mexico Border.Collin Amundson, PharmD, Jeri J. Sias, PharmD, MPH , and Gabriel Frietze, PhD Background Compared with nationwide averages, Hispanic individuals have experienced lower routine vaccination rates and have been disproportionately hospitalized for COVID-19. Few, if any, studies have examined the health beliefs surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines and adult vaccines among this population. Objectives 1) Describe perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines in a predominantly Hispanic patient population in a federally qualified health center (FQHC) situated on the US-Mexico Border; and 2) Compare patient confidence in recommendations made by local clinic and government to obtain adult and COVID-19 vaccines. Methods A bilingual (English/Spanish) written survey was administered to participants recruited from a convenience sample of patients in waiting areas of four clinic sites in a federally qualified health center (FQHC) system on the Texas-Mexico border between March and May 2021. Survey items were derived from the Health Belief Model and captured beliefs surrounding perceived effectiveness, perceived harms, protection from the influenza vaccine, trust in local clinic, and trust in the government. Results Fifty-eight participants aged 19 to 90, with a mean age of 57.28 years, completed the survey between March – May 2021, with 77.6% of respondents indicating they would accept a COVID-19 vaccine for themselves. Results revealed a trend among older adults in the study cohort to be more likely to trust the government in recommending vaccines than younger adults (r=0.33, p= Conclusions Trends related to perceptions of adult vaccines among Hispanic patients extend to the COVID-19 vaccines: especially trust in local clinic providers. Increased age may correlate to higher trust in a government-recommended vaccine. Results highlight the importance of the pharmacist giving patient a clear recommendation to receive vaccination and strong local clinic messaging.
Handbook of Lasers

Lasers continue to be an amazingly robust field of activity. Anyone seeking a photon source is now confronted with an enormous number of possible lasers and laser wavelengths to choose from, but no single, comprehensive source to help them make that choice.The Handbook of Lasers provides an authoritative compilation of lasers, their properties, and original references in a readily accessible form. Organized by lasing media-solids, liquids, and gases-each section is subdivided into distinct laser types. Each type carries a brief description, followed by tables listing the lasing element or medium, host, lasing transition and wavelength, operating properties, primary literature citations, and, for broadband lasers, reported tuning ranges.The importance and value of the Handbook of Lasers cannot be overstated. Serving as both an archive and as an indicator of emerging trends, it reflects the state of knowledge and development in the field, provides a rapid means of obtaining reference data, and offers a pathway to the literature. It contains data useful for comparison with predictions and for developing models of processes, and may reveal fundamental inconsistencies or conflicts in the data.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF CEREBRAL CAPILLARY SYNAPSES

Evidence for a central adrenergic pathway originating in the brain stem and innervating intracerebral vessels has been presented in the preceding chapters by Hartman and Preskorn and their colleagues. They concluded that this system regulates the permeability of and the flow through cerebral microvessels. The anatomic evidence supporting this hypothesis consists of axonal varicosities surrounded by the basal lamina of endothelial cells in cat hypothalamus (1) and varicosities directly in contact with the basal lamina of capillaries in the paraventricular nucleus of rat (2). This close anatomic relationship between axonal varicosities and capillaries has not been described in other regions of the brain and generalizations based upon relationships found in the hypothalamus may be invalid because relationships in the hypothalamus between neurons and capillaries may not be typical of the rest of the brain. The hypothesis then relies heavily on physiologic and pharmacologic evidence due to this relative lack of specific anatomic data.
The Impact of Selected Economic Variables on New Business Formation and Business Failures

The current study was undertaken to identify economic variables that could be identified as influential in new business formations and failures. Monthly formations and failures for each state, summed by regions and the entire USA, as reported by Dun & Bradstreet, are used. The time period is from January, 1980 to October, 1991.
Linear Stability of Solitary Waves for the One‐Dimensional Benney–Luke and Klein–Gordon Equations

The linear stability of the solitary waves for the one-dimensional Benney–Luke equation in the case of strong surface tension is investigated rigorously and the critical wave speeds are computed explicitly. For the Klein–Gordon equation, the stability of the traveling standing waves is considered and the exact ranges of the wave speeds and the frequencies needed for stability are derived. This is achieved via the abstract stability criteria recently developed by Stanislavova and Stefanov.
Partial sequence analysis of ribosomal RNA from HeLa cells. II. Evidence for sequences of non-ribosmal type in 45 and 32 s ribosomal RNA precursors.

Abstract 32 P- and 3 H-labeled 45 s and 32 s rRNA precursors have been prepared from total HeLa cells or from isolated nucleoli and extensively purified. Sedimentation analysis experiments carried out under a variety of denaturing conditions have indicated that these RNA species are represented by continuous polynucleotide chains. The relationship between the rRNA precursors and the mature rRNA components has been investigated by analyzing the base composition and the frequency of nucleotide sequences released by pancreatic RNase in the purified components. The results obtained indicate that, on the average, 30 to 50% of the length of 45 s RNA molecules and about 30% of the length of 32 s RNA molecules are represented by sequences of non-ribosomal type, which are apparently not conserved in the conversion of the precursors to mature rRNA. No significant difference in base composition and partial sequence frequency has been detected between the 45 s RNA extracted from total cells and that isolated from nucleoli, a finding which agrees with the idea that nucleoli are the exclusive site of these precursors.
Relationship between organization of mammary tumors and the ability of tumor cells to replicate mammary tumor virus and to recognize growth-inhibitory contact signals in vitro.

Abstract Mammary tumor virus (MTV) replication was confined primarily to cells organized as acini in intact mouse mammary glands. Primary mammary tumors maintained a high degree of acinar organization and cells therein continued to replicate MTV vegetatively. Nonacinar mammary cells, derived by serial transplantation of acinar tumor cells, no longer actively replicated MTV. This suggests that phenotypic differences exist among mammary epithelial cells in their ability to support virus replication, that a fundamental relationship exists between the organization of epithelium for secretion and active virus replication, and that this relationship is not altered as a primary consequence of neoplastic transformation. Mammary epithelial cells from pregnant, non-tumor-bearing, MTV-infected BALB/cfC3H mice or from acinar mammary tumors from a number of mouse strains were grown in primary monolayer cultures. Such cell cultures under the influence of insulin and cortisol exhibited the ability to organize into discrete three-dimensional structures called “domes.” MTV replication in such cultures took place primarily in cells within the organized domes. Cells cultured from nonacinar tumors did not exhibit any propensity to organize into domes, nor did they replicate MTV in primary culture. This suggests that the cell organizational requirement for MTV replication observed in vivo is conserved in primary culture. Dome formation is not an effect of virus replication, as cells from uninfected BALB/c animals organized into domes in culture without concomitant MTV replication. Growth-regulating signals, exerted between contiguous cells in cultures of non-MTV-infected mammary epithelium, were not modified by the occurrence of active virus replication nor as a direct consequence of neoplastic transformation. Cells derived from nontumor BALB/cfC3H glands and from spontaneous tumors exhibited cell growth kinetics, saturation densities, and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis kinetics nearly identical to those of noninfected normal mammary epithelium in primary culture. Cell to cell growth regulatory signals were modified in cultures of nonalveolar tumor cells wherein evidence of overgrowth is documented.
PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHING OF HUMAN REPRODUCTION.

I N F o R M A T I 0 N about human reproduction is avidly sought by young people’s groups and young adults. I f we agree to requests from parent-teachers’ associations, teen groups, college groups, and women’s clubs to discuss this topic at their meetings, we are regularly deluged with continuing commitments. When any effort is made at a factual presentation with question and answer sessions available afterward, each meeting will run overtime. This serves to emphasize the need for more cooperation in instituting good teaching practices in our public schools in all grades.l School curriculum committees at state and local levels are pressed for additional time for instruction in every phase of education.’ At the 1964 National Congress of Parents and Teachers, sex and venereal disease were listed as the first items of importance in requesting coordination to combat increasing problems.” A few of the organizations which advise more specific sex education in the public schools are Sex Information and Education Council of the United States, Marriage Preparation Institute, The Association of Family Life Educators, The School Health Education Study Committee, The National Congress of Parents and Teachers, and Planned Parenthood League. At the 1930 White House Conference on <:hildren and Youth, it was urged that our schools provide “for every child, such teaching and training as will prepare him for
Differential Equations for the Simplest Types of Vibration

On several previous occasions we have met with differential equations, that is, equations from which an unknown function is to be determined and which involve not only this function itself but also its derivatives.