cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Seafloor fluid seeps on Kimki Ridge, offshore southern California: Links to active strike-slip faulting

Abstract The Kimki Ridge fluid seeps are located in western Catalina Basin about 60 km southwest of the southern California mainland and at a water depth of approximately 1100 m. Multichannel seismic reflection profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014 show acoustic transparency within the Kimki Ridge, suggesting the possibility of fluid seeps and possible sub-seafloor fluid pathways. Subsequent multibeam bathymetric and backscatter intensity data collected during a cooperative University of Washington/USGS cruise in early 2016 show subtle seafloor buildups with high acoustic backscatter (reflectivity) in three places along Kimki Ridge, supporting the existence of fluid seepage. A Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) dive, conducted as part of the Nautilus Exploration Program, took place in August 2016 to confirm the presence of these previously unknown seeps and document their characteristics as well as those of any associated biological communities. Two of the three seeps were explored by ROV, and showed abundant evidence of fluid seepage, including characteristic algal mats, chemosynthetic clams, and authigenic carbonate formation. The seeps are comprised of carbonate buildups 1–3 m thick and 300–500 m across. Within these areas, we interpret broad crater-like depressions 30–50 m across and 1–2 m deep to be individual seep vents. The seep areas appear to be broad zones of diffuse seepage that support chemosynthetic biologic communities; however, active venting was not observed. Geochemical analyses of rock samples collected from the seeps indicate microbially driven anaerobic oxidation of methane at or near the sediment water interface. Seismic-reflection profiles show chimney-like fluid pathways along the limbs and in the axis of the fold forming Kimki Ridge, and evidence of methane in shallow sediments can be traced into the adjacent Catalina Basin. A system of closely spaced faults located at the axis of the Kimki Ridge anticline may serve as pathways to allow fluid flow to the seafloor. Our data are consistent with other studies that suggest that transpression is an important component in the formation and localization of fluid seeps in a strike-slip setting, implying that seep formation may be a common occurrence at fault stepovers or transpressional bends in strike-slip systems.
‘Knights of Matrimony’‚ Christian Duty and Millenium Hall

This chapter offers analysis of Sarah Scott’s 1762 novel Millenium Hall through a religious and moral framework. It demonstrates that the women of Millenium Hall testify to the growing corruption of marriage as an institution among both elites and the lower orders and that the women draw upon their faith in order to escape from the institution as well as to justify their sacrifice of other women to it. While the law of the land requires their submission to the institution, Christian law allows them to be excused by sending deputies to supply their places, a fact that troubles recent scholarship pointing to the novel’s creation of a feminist utopian paradigm.
A Time to Mourn, a Time to Dance: Abortion Death Rituals in South Korea

This essay explores contemporary ChonDoJe, Buddhist abortion death rituals in South Korea. I argue that both the fetus and the participants of the rituals can be conceptualized as biopolitical-spiritual subjects. This research uses participant observation, analysis of ritual texts, and a literature review of population control policies to situate the Buddhist abortion death rituals in the context of the colonial and post-colonial ‘modern’ reproductive regime in South Korea. The rites’ participants have contradictory and multifaceted identities in the transnational biopolitical reproductive regimes as they are constructed as both the targets of population control policies as well as the ‘sinners’ of abortion. I argue that the collective reenactments of past abortions in the rituals have unintentionally conjured those ‘erased’ due to robust population control.
A High-Throughput Flow Cytometry Screen Identifies Molecules That Inhibit Hantavirus Cell Entry:

Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), which infects more than 200,000 people worldwide. Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and Andes virus (ANDV) cause the most severe form of HCPS, with case fatality ratios of 30%-40%. There are no specific therapies or vaccines for SNV. Using high-throughput flow cytometry, we screened the Prestwick Chemical Library for small-molecule inhibitors of the binding interaction between UV-inactivated and fluorescently labeled SNVR18 particles, and decay-accelerating factor (DAF) expressed on Tanoue B cells. Eight confirmed hit compounds from the primary screen were investigated further in secondary screens that included infection inhibition, cytotoxicity, and probe interference. Antimycin emerged as a bona fide hit compound that inhibited cellular infection of the major HCPS (SNV)- and HCPS (Hantaan)-causing viruses. Confirming our assay's ability to detect active compounds, orthogonal testing of the hit compound showed that antimycin binds directly to the virus particle and blocks recapitulation of physiologic integrin activation caused by SNV binding to the integrin PSI domain.
Cycling Induced Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in a Healthy Male.

Introduction. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare but important cause of acute coronary syndrome with a spectrum of disease that can include unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, or sudden cardiac death. It has also been found in case reports to be caused by shear stress from physical exertion. We present a rare cycling induced SCAD that occurred in our institution in an otherwise healthy male with no cardiac risk factors. Case Presentation. A 36-year-old male presented to the emergency department with complaints of lightheadedness and diaphoresis after a bicycle fall. In the emergency department, he complained of feeling lightheaded and diaphoretic and having mid back pain. Patient had an ECG performed which showed lateral ST segment elevation and troponin I that was positive. A coronary angiography was subsequently performed demonstrating a spontaneous coronary artery dissection of left anterior descending coronary artery. Conclusion. SCAD is a rare cause of myocardial infarction, occurring in healthy individuals, which is rarely reported in the literature. Nearly 70% are diagnosed in postmortem studies after sudden cardiac death. Only 12 cases have been reported from activities involving physical exertion and no studies to our knowledge demonstrate this.
Winds of change in the church in Australia

The history of Christianity in Australia had a humble but rich beginning. Its early foundations were built on the sacrifices and hard work of individuals and groups who, although bound by their oat...
Structure, Biosynthesis and Significance of Cell Wall Glycoproteins

Glycoproteins are interesting molecules because they play important roles in morphogenesis. But glycoproteins are not always as sweet as their name sounds; they are often very slippery both conceptually and in experimenters’ hands. 33 We can if we wish wrestle with the problem of deciding between Eylar’s suggestion13 that sugar residues are the passport for secretion, and the proposal of Winterburn and Phelps50 that sugars are a code not for secretion per se but for topographical location of the “secreted” glycoproteins. Such unifying concepts are always good for a few years of controversy! In this chapter are presented several additional suggestions which may help in understanding the origin of the extracellular matrix in plants and animals.
Nanotechnology: Novel Emerging Concepts

Nanotechnology is a field of science that controls the manipulation of atomic properties so as to make the functional systems and other materials acquire exclusive capabilities. The amazing approach of nanotechnology has been developed within chemical engineering as an explosive response and inevitable consecutive inspiration caused by original development of fullerenes, designed and created by Sir Harry Kroto who was awarded Nobel Prize for his invention of the methodology for separation of members of fullerene family and engineering of fullerene molecules, in 1996. Ever since it is rapidly growing field of research with numerous applications in different branches of engineering with specific focus on biomedical and health solutions.
Peptide fragmentation products in mass spectrometry probed by infrared spectroscopy

Vibrational spectroscopy offers detailed insights, by virtue of diagnostic infrared bands, into the chemical structures and moieties which are formed during peptide fragmentation inside mass spectrometers. Over the past few years, IRMPD spectroscopy has led to a greatly improved understanding of the chemistry that takes place during collision-induced dissociation (CID) of protonated peptides. For instance, the rearrangement chemistry of b- and a-type ions, which is relevant in sequence scrambling pathways, has been directly confirmed with the technique. In this chapter, we provide a brief background on peptide fragmentation chemistry, and give an overview of areas where vibrational spectroscopy has been successfully implemented, such as CID of protonated and de-protonated peptides. We also discuss the potential of the technique for elucidating lesser-studied radical dissociation processes, such as electron capture dissociation (ECD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD), and laser photodissociation.
Phospholipid retention in the absence of asymmetry strengthens the outer membrane permeability barrier to last-resort antibiotics

The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is a critical barrier that prevents entry of noxious compounds. Integral to this functionality is the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipooligosaccharide (LOS), a molecule that is located exclusively in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane. Its lipid anchor, lipid A, is a glycolipid whose hydrophobicity and net negative charge are primarily responsible for the robustness of the membrane. Because of this, lipid A is a hallmark of Gram-negative physiology and is generally essential for survival. Rare exceptions have been described, including Acinetobacter baumannii, which can survive in the absence of lipid A, albeit with significant growth and membrane permeability defects. Here, we show by an evolution experiment that LOS-deficient A. baumannii can rapidly improve fitness over the course of only 120 generations. We identified two factors which negatively contribute to fitness in the absence of LOS, Mla and PldA. These proteins are involved in glycerophospholipid transport (Mla) and lipid degradation (PldA); both are active only on mislocalized, surface-exposed glycerophospholipids. Elimination of these two mechanisms was sufficient to cause a drastic fitness improvement in LOS-deficient A. baumannii. The LOS-deficient double mutant grows as robustly as LOS-positive wild-type bacteria while remaining resistant to the last-resort polymyxin antibiotics. These data provide strong biological evidence for the directionality of Mla-mediated glycerophospholipid transport in Gram-negative bacteria and furthers our knowledge of asymmetry-maintenance mechanisms in the context of the outer membrane barrier.
Local Nearest Neighbor Integrity Risk Evaluation for Robot Navigation

This paper describes the design of a new integrity risk prediction/monitoring methodology for robot localization that uses feature extraction and data association algorithms. The work specifically addresses incorrect association faults when employing a local nearest neighbor data association algorithm. This approach is more efficient and easier to implement than previous work. The methodology is tested in simulation, showing that the computed upper bound on integrity risk is a performance metric capable of providing warnings when the safety of the system cannot be guaranteed.
Significantly Higher Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock Patients Transferred from an Outside Referring Facility Compared to Patients Presenting Initially to an Academic Medical Center

Introduction Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a highly fatal condition characterized by cardiac dysfunction leading to inadequate tissue perfusion. Prior studies of STEMI-related CS patients have shown mortality rates approaching 50%. However, few studies have sought to clarify the rate of mortality among different patient populations hospitalized with this diagnosis, and none have investigated CS patients transferred for a higher level of care. We hypothesized that transferred patients would experience a higher mortality rate compared to inpatients initially admitted to an academic medical center. Methods The study population included patients hospitalized at an academic medical center with an ICD-9/10 discharge diagnosis of CS between 12/2015 and 8/2017. A chart review was performed to identify admission status: either initially to the academic medical center or transferred from a referring facility. Mortality was defined as death in the hospital or as a discharge to hospice. Baseline demographics, comorbid conditions, vital signs, echocardiographic data, hemodynamic and laboratory values were also obtained. Patient characteristics stratified by admission status were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify characteristics associated with mortality. All variables reported as significant had a two-sided p-value Results A total of 508 patients were included in this analysis. Patients were 62% male, 73% were Caucasian and mean age was 63 years. Presentation with STEMI was seen in 13%, ACS in 25% of patients and 31% of patients were transferred from another facility. Transferred patients had a higher rate of mortality than non-transfer patients (43.6% vs 33.5%, p=0.03). These patients were younger, had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP), higher heart rate, elevated troponin and were more likely to be in acute renal failure. Univariate predictors of mortality included admission post cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, acute renal failure or need for dialysis, lower SBP, elevated direct bilirubin, lactic acid and creatinine. Independent risk factors associated with mortality identified by multivariate regression analysis included admission post cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, need for dialysis and elevated lactic acid. Transfer status was not an independent predictor when adjusted for comorbidities. Conclusion Patients with CS transferred to an academic care center suffered a higher mortality rate than patients initially admitted to the academic center. Transferred patients are generally younger but represent a population with a higher severity of illness. While this explains the increased mortality observed in this group, it also indicates the need for early aggressive therapy for this population.
Radical Animism and the Geontological: An Ecocritical Reading of Patrick Chamoiseau's Le vieil homme esclave et le molosse

Simultaneously addressing the human, the non-human, and the ecological on the island of Martinique, author Patrick Chamoiseau’s Slave Old Man is a complex eco-narrative. In addition to exploring diverse human viewpoints, non-human subjectivities including the animal, the vegetal, and the inanimate constitute an animist ontology from which a coherent ecological vision can arise. A renowned creoliste, Chamoiseau’s text explores the links between human communities past and present, drawing an ontological connection between the White colonial presence, the African diaspora, and the genocide of the Amerindian through the imaginative act of assemblage. In conversation with the animist and the indigenous aspects of my reading, Elizabeth Povinelli’s concept of the geontological, which focuses on the agency of the non-human anchors my analysis.
Development of an electronic health record-based chronic kidney disease registry to promote population health management.

Electronic health record (EHR) based chronic kidney disease (CKD) registries are central to population health strategies to improve CKD care. In 2015, Partners Healthcare System (PHS), encompassing multiple academic and community hospitals and outpatient care facilities in Massachusetts, developed an EHR-based CKD registry to identify opportunities for quality improvement, defined as improvement on both process measures and outcomes measures associated with clinical care. Patients are included in the registry based on the following criteria: 1) two estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) results 300 mg protein/g creatinine on either urine total protein/creatinine ratio or urine albumin/creatinine ratio; or 3) an EHR problem list diagnosis of end stage renal disease (ESRD). The registry categorizes patients by CKD stage and includes rates of annual testing for eGFR and proteinuria, blood pressure control, use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), nephrotoxic medication use, hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunization, vascular access placement, transplant status, CKD progression risk; number of outpatient nephrology visits, and hospitalizations. The CKD registry includes 60,503 patients and has revealed several opportunities for care improvement including 1) annual proteinuria testing performed for 17% (stage 3) and 31% (stage 4) of patients; 2) ACE-I/ARB used in 41% (stage 3) and 46% (stage 4) of patients; 3) nephrotoxic medications used among 23% of stage 4 patients; and 4) 89% of stage 4 patients lack HBV immunity. For advanced CKD patients there are opportunities to improve vascular access placement, transplant referrals and outpatient nephrology contact. A CKD registry can identify modifiable care gaps across the spectrum of CKD care and enable population health strategy implementation. No linkage to Social Security Death Master File or US Renal Data System (USRDS) databases limits our ability to track mortality and progression to ESRD.
Theoretically-Efficient and Practical Parallel In-Place Radix Sorting

Parallel radix sorting has been extensively studied in the literature for decades. However, the most efficient implementations require auxiliary memory proportional to the input size, which can be prohibitive for large inputs. The standard serial in-place radix sorting algorithm is based on swapping each key to its correct place in the array on each level of recursion. However, it is not straightforward to parallelize this algorithm due to dependencies among the swaps. This paper presents Regions Sort, a new parallel in-place radix sorting algorithm that is efficient both in theory and in practice. Our algorithm uses a graph structure to model dependencies across elements that need to be swapped, and generates independent tasks from this graph that can be executed in parallel. For sorting n integers from a range r, and a parameter K, Regions Sort requires only O(Klog rlog n) auxiliary memory. Our algorithm requires O(nlog r) work and O((n/K+log K)log r) span, making it work-efficient and highly parallel. In addition, we present several optimizations that significantly improve the empirical performance of our algorithm. We compare the performance of Regions Sort to existing parallel in-place and out-of-place sorting algorithms on a variety of input distributions and show that Regions Sort is faster than optimized out-of-place radix sorting and comparison sorting algorithms, and is almost always faster than the fastest publicly-available in-place sorting algorithm.
Incorporating sprouted chickpea flour in pasta increases brachial artery flow-mediated dilation.

PURPOSE Consumption of alternative flours, such as sprouted chickpea flour, has shown increased popularity in recent years. Foods rich in antioxidants have been shown to influence brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a non-invasive test of a crucial layer of the artery called the endothelium. Partially replacing the semolina flour in pasta with sprouted chickpea flour (SCF) may acutely affect endothelial function post-digestion. We sought to determine if FMD was higher, lower, or the same post-digestion of pasta made with 60% semolina flour and 40% SCF (SCF40) vs. post-digestion of pasta made with 100% semolina flour (SEM100, i.e., control). METHODS Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) analysis was performed on the same flour samples. Healthy participants underwent a screening visit and two randomized controlled meal data collection visits (SCF40 and SEM100). At each data collection visit, participants consumed 255 g of pasta with butter. FMD was assessed 2-3 h after pasta consumption. RESULTS TEAC results showed that SCF40 (2.031 ± 0.096 mmol trolox/100 g sample) had significantly greater antioxidant capacity than SEM100 (1.736 ± 0.046 mmol trolox/100 g sample; p = 0.02). Twenty-two healthy participants (5 men and 17 women; 26 ± 2 years, 66.6 ± 2.3 kg, BMI = 24 ± 1 kg/m2, SBP = 114 ± 3 mmHg, DBP = 75 ± 2 mmHg, HR = 74 ± 3 BPM) were studied. FMD in the SCF40 condition (10.3% ± 1.2%) was greater than the SEM100 condition (7.9% ± 0.8%, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION These data suggest that partial substitution with sprouted chickpea flour in place of semolina flour in pasta acutely improves post-digestion FMD, which may be beneficial for cardiovascular health (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03801486).
A Note on the Translation and Meaning of Hosea 13:9

Both שחת (“pit/Pit”) and משחת (“destroyer”) are plausible restorations of a noun at the beginning of Hosea 13:9.
The masked demos: Associational anonymity and democratic practice

The increased use of anonymous digital platforms raises substantive concerns about accountability in digital spaces. However, contemporary evaluations of anonymity focus too narrowly on its protective function: its ability to protect a diversity of speakers and ideas. Drawing on two examples of anonymous political engagements – Publius’s writing of the Federalist Papers and college students’ use of the social media platform Yik Yak – we develop an account of anonymity’s associational function: the processes by which people generate and negotiate collective identities, discussions, and actions in wider publics. As we argue, anonymity’s associational function can (1) generate conditions under which individuals develop collective interests and identities to foster collective action, and (2) enable novel interactions between these individuals and communities and the larger publics of which they are part. We conclude with a discussion of how attention to associational anonymity can contribute to a more nuanced account of democracy in practice.
Chapel: a versatile language for teaching parallel programming: conference workshop

Chapel is a new programming language geared towards parallel programming and scientific computing. The syntax borrows heavily from Python, Java, and C/C++, but introduces keywords to ease creation of parallel tasks. The overhead to learn this language is low; students can be running parallel threads in many contexts after the first class session. Chapel can be used to introduce parallel concepts "across the curriculum" or in a course dedicated to parallel programming. This workshop offers a quick tutorial of the language, and covers the presenter's experience using it in two courses: programming languages and analysis of algorithms. (For this latter course, the presenter doesn't spend any class time discussing the language!) Also included are two 40-minute hands-on sections where attendees can try out sample assignments and discussion about using Chapel in other courses.
Summary of the “Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures” (Fermilab, June 24–25, 2019)

Here we present a short summary of the “Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures” which has taken place at Fermilab on June 24–25, 2019.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Macfarlandin C, a Spongian Diterpenoid Harboring a Concave-Substituted cis-Dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanone Fragment

The enantioselective total synthesis of the rearranged spongian diterpenoid (-)-macfarlandin C is reported. This is the first synthesis of a rearranged spongian diterpenoid in which the bulky hydrocarbon fragment is joined via a quaternary carbon to the highly hindered concave face of the cis-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one moiety. The strategy involves a late-stage fragment coupling between a tertiary carbon radical and an electrophilic butenolide resulting in the stereoselective formation of vicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters. A stereoselective Mukaiyama hydration that orients a pendant carboxymethyl side chain cis to the bulky octahydronapthalene substituent was pivotal in fashioning the challenging concave-substituted cis-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanone fragment.
Modeling and simulation of modulated tool path (MTP) turning stability

Abstract A time domain simulation for predicting stability during modulated tool path turning (MTP) is presented. Stability maps for MTP parameter pairs (oscillation magnitude and frequency) at selected chip widths are provided, where stability is determined using a periodic sampling-based metric. An AISI 1026 steel tube turning setup is used to complete MTP stability tests. It includes in-process measurements of cutting force, tool displacement, tool velocity, and a once-per-revolution signal. Predicted and measured signals are compared to verify simulation accuracy, including tests with and without MTP that demonstrate a change in stability for the same spindle speed and chip width.
Occupational Suicide Exposure and Impact on Mental Health: Examining Differences Across Helping Professions

The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship of suicide exposure with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder across three occupational groups likely to be exposed to suicide (i.e., first responders, crisis workers, mental health professionals). An online survey was completed by 1,048 participants. Results indicated that first responders, mental health professionals, and crisis workers were all exposed to suicide in the routine course of their occupation. Exposure to suicide significantly impacted mental health, specifically on depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. The level of exposure to suicide was associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
On a Reef Far, Far Away: Anthropogenic Impacts Following Extreme Storms Affect Sponge Health and Bacterial Communities

Terrestrial runoff can negatively impact marine ecosystems through stressors including excess nutrients, freshwater, sediments, and contaminants. Severe storms, which are increasing with global climate change, generate massive inputs of runoff over short timescales (hours to days); such runoff impacted offshore reefs in the northwest Gulf of Mexico (NW GoM) following severe storms in 2016 and 2017. Several weeks after coastal flooding from these events, NW GoM reef corals, sponges, and other benthic invertebrates ~185 km offshore experienced mortality (2016 only) and/or sub-lethal stress (both years). To assess the impact of storm-derived runoff on reef filter feeders, we characterized the bacterial communities of two sponges, Agelas clathrodes and Xestospongia muta, from offshore reefs during periods of sub-lethal stress and no stress over a three-year period (2016-2018). Sponge-associated and seawater-associated bacterial communities were altered during both flood years. Additionally, we found evidence of wastewater contamination (based on 16S rRNA gene libraries and quantitative PCR) in offshore sponge samples, but not in seawater samples, following these flood years. Signs of wastewater contamination were absent during the no-flood year. We show that flood events from severe storms have the capacity to reach offshore reef ecosystems and impact resident benthic organisms. Such impacts are most readily detected if baseline data on organismal physiology and associated microbiome composition are available. This highlights the need for molecular and microbial time series of benthic organisms in near- and offshore reef ecosystems, and the continued mitigation of stormwater runoff and climate change impacts.
Humanism in an Age of Anti-humanism

This essay argues that the partisan divide of America’s culture wars is one of the primary strategies by means of which the society of spectacle aims to distract us from the anti-humanist and deeply nihilistic tendencies of our time. Accordingly, this essay analyzes the two forms of fake humanism by means of which the left and right have historically advanced their anti-humanist agenda—the Christian humanism of America’s imperialistic evangelicalism and the techno-scientific humanism of American pragmatism. This negative critique is complemented by a critical reconstruction of aspects of the humanist tradition that can serve to revitalize intellectual life today, from Emerson’s Bildung-inspired ideal of self-reliance and Thoreau’s primitivist anarchism to Mumford’s critique of the megamachine and his defense of values for survival in a terminal age.
ASSESSING LEARNING DURING EMERGENCY REMOTE EDUCATION

The authors discuss the applicability of common assessment types used in online instruction to the context of emergency remote education. Written assignments, online discussions, fieldwork, tests and quizzes, presentations, and e-portfolios are specifically addressed. The discussion includes the concepts of synchronous versus asynchronous assessments and issues related to academic integrity. The authors conclude by noting that empathy and radical flexibility are integral to assessment in emergency remote education.
Assessing polycentric development in terms of trip chaining efficiency

Abstract Polycentric urban growth with dense, diverse, and accessible centers is assumed to have multiple economic, social, and environmental benefits for the region. Yet, evidence on the benefits of polycentricity in the transportation sector remains less studied, and previous research has found mixed results. Besides, to our knowledge, none of the previous research focuses on trip chains or tours (sequence of trips that begins and ends at home) in centers. This paper investigates trip chaining efficiency in 28 U.S. regions, comparing three different types of tours, i.e., tours that are within a center, tours that are partially inside a center, and tours that are completely outside a center. I consider a tour to be efficient if it comprises travel modes other than the personal automobile. The results of parametric tests show that tours within a center are associated with higher walk, bike, and transit mode shares and lower car share. Effect sizes are larger for walk and car shares than for bike and transit shares. The findings of this research can encourage and guide planners to design environments that promote active transportation while maximizing resident access to services and amenities and minimizing their expenditure on mobility and travel time.
Tubal Twin Pregnancy Following IVF-ET: Case Report

We report a rare case of tubal twin pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycle at diagnosis before operation and two sacs were found to be located on the ovarian surface during laparoscopy. A 35-year old lady was admitted to the emergency unit with pelvic pain and was diagnosed with left tubal twin pregnancy with fetal cardiac activities 35 days after IVF-ET. Emergency laparoscopywas performed that showed the presence of two sacs were located on the left ovary, possibly, due to tubal abortion. Gestational sacs were extirpated by laparoscopy without damaging the ovary. Tubal twin ectopic pregnancy after IVF-ET is a rare condition that could be ended with tubal abortion and successfully managed conservatively by laparoscopic approach.
Comparison of Long-Term Risk of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Marfan Syndrome After Aortic Valve Replacement.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) syndrome is a heterogeneous inheritable condition estimated to occur in 0.5% to 2% of the general population [(1)][1]. Its phenotypic expression ranges from a “true” bicuspid valve associated with 2 sinuses of Valsalva to a “functional” bicuspid valve, in which 3
Car-Parrinello, the LAPW Method and Large Systems

The development of the Car-Parrinello (CP) technique and its application to planewave based calculations resulted in a quantum increase in the size and complexity of the problems that can be treated within a fully ab initio LDA framework. This and related techniques combined with ultrasoft pseudopotentials make detailed structural investigations for unit cells of several hundred atoms quite feasible (Stich et al., 1992, Brommer et al., 1992). However, besides the general observations of Car and Parrinello, there are several special features of planewaves that are exploited, and these are crucial in making the CP method as efficient as it is (see Chapter 3). These are difficult to generalize to non-planewave basis sets, and because of this CP-like algorithms have yet to have a large impact with non-planewave basis methods.
Learning to Generate Fast Signal Processing Implementations

A single signal processing algorithm can be represented by many mathematically equivalent formulas. However, when these formulas are implemented in code and run on real machines, they have very different running times. Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to model this broad performance range. Further, the space of formulas for real signal transforms is so large that it is impossible to search it exhaustively for fast implementations. We approach this search question as a control learning problem. We present a new method for learning to generate fast formulas, allowing us to intelligently search through only the most promising formulas. Our approach incorporates signal processing knowledge, hardware features, and formula performance data to learn to construct fast formulas. Our method learns from performance data for a few formulas of one size and then can construct formulas that will have the fastest run times possible across many sizes.
Evaluation-based planning of professional psychology training program: A model and case example

Abstract To cope with the current diversity and centrifugal trends in our field, the National Conference on Graduate Education in Psychology recently proposed that each department and school of psychology conduct a self-study to clarify its goals, values, and curricular emphases. This article provides a blueprint to enable programs in any area of applied or professional psychology to engage in such a process of intensive self-scrutiny. The model adopted is based chiefly on four features of organizational development: open systems theory, the distinction between process and task emphases, democratic values, and action research. A case example is provided to illustrate how application of the model helps to insure the active collaboration of faculty, students, and alumni, resulting in a ready acceptance and implementation of recommended curricular changes.
Introduction to the Special Focus Section

The three articles presented in this special section of Medical Anthropology Quarterly are devoted to the ways that military servicemembers’ bodies are figured, deployed, symbolized, and represented. These articles illustrate two issues that confront the members of many contemporary militaries exemplified here by examples from the United States and Turkey (Ben Ari 2001; Bickford 2011; Pengelly and Irwin 2010; Weiss 1998). The first is that they are embedded in a set of ethical relations with the state that deploys them to conflicts. Military service confers a level of prestige and status, but it also entangles those who serve in complex social dilemmas. They are refigured as celebrated heroes in their communities but may also, as illustrated in Aciksoz's and Wool and Messinger's articles (this issue), find themselves dependent on their families and loved ones, as well as on military and state institutions. Servicemembers are also placed in new and complex relationships with their own bodies, and they come to experience vulnerability, mortality, and morality in novel and distinct ways.
Neuronal Regulation of Glutamate Transporter Subtype Expression in Astrocytes

GLT-1, GLAST, and EAAC1 are high-affinity, Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters identified in rat forebrain. The expression of these transporter subtypes was characterized in three preparations: undifferentiated rat cortical astrocyte cultures, astrocytes cocultured with cortical neurons, and astrocyte cultures differentiated with dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dBcAMP). The undifferentiated astrocyte monocultures expressed only the GLAST subtype. Astrocytes cocultured with neurons developed a stellate morphology and expressed both GLAST and GLT-1; neurons expressed only the EAAC1 transporter, and rare microglia in these cultures expressed GLT-1. Treatment of astrocyte cultures with dBcAMP induced expression of GLT-1 and increased expression of GLAST. These effects of dBcAMP on transporter expression were qualitatively similar to those resulting from coculture with neurons, but immunocytochemistry showed the pattern of transporter expression to be more complex in the coculture preparations. Compared with astrocytes expressing only GLAST, the dBcAMP-treated cultures expressing both GLAST and GLT-1 showed an increase in glutamate uptake Vmax, but no change in the glutamate K(m) and no increased sensitivity to inhibition by dihydrokainate. Pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and threo-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid caused relatively less inhibition of transport in cultures expressing both GLAST and GLT-1, suggesting a weaker effect at GLT-1 than at GLAST. These studies show that astrocyte expression of glutamate transporter subtypes is influenced by neurons, and that dBcAMP can partially mimic this influence. Manipulation of transporter expression in astrocyte cultures may permit identification of factors regulating the expression and function of GLAST and GLT-1 in their native cell type.
Modularity‐as‐Property, Modularization‐as‐Process, and ‘Modularity'‐as‐Frame: Lessons from Product Architecture Initiatives in the Global Automotive Industry

Modularity is a design property of the architecture of products, organizations, and interfirm networks; modularization is a process that affects those designs while also shaping firm boundaries and industry landscapes; and ‘modularity’ is a cognitive frame that guides categorization and interpretation of a wide array of economic phenomena. Modularity-as-property and modularization-as-process are deeply intertwined; while modularization processes are ubiquitous and perpetual as engineers and managers seek to understand interdependencies across the boundaries of product and organizational architecture, the extent to which modularity-as-property is achieved must be assessed empirically. The framing of ‘modularity’ affects strategy by prompting a particular dynamic—and directionality—in the interplay between modularity-as-property and modularization-as-process. I analyze product architecture initiatives in the global automotive industry, examining first the industry-level antecedents of the emergent production-based definition of modules and then two firm-level modularity initiatives that both were based on this common definition, but framed their strategies differently. In the first case, a ‘modularity’ frame based on a computer industry analogy resulted in overemphasis on achieving modularity-as-property that created barriers to learning about cross-module interdependencies. In the second case, early emphasis on modularization-as-process yielded quasi-integrated organizational arrangements that facilitated long-term design improvements. Overall, this single-industry case study demonstrates the importance of examining the context-specific antecedents of module definition; the multiplicity of potential barriers to modularity that can lead to persistent integrality; the need for longitudinal inquiry into the ‘mirroring’ hypothesis that pays as much attention to process as to property; and the power of modularity as a cognitive frame, which helps explain divergent findings in modularity research.
Quantitative Analysis of BDNF/TrkB Protein and mRNA in Cortical and Striatal Neurons Using α-Tubulin as a Normalization Factor

The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a normalization factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
The hydrogenation and hydroformylation of alkenes as catalyzed by polymer-anchored rhodium trichloride under water gas shift reaction conditions

Abstract The ‘heterogenized’ water gas shift catalyst Rh/P4VP, prepared from the reaction of RhCl 3 with poly(4-vinylpyridine), is also active for hydrogenation and hydroformylation of 1-hexene and cyclohexene in aqueous ethoxyethanol under mild shift reaction conditions (typically 0.9 atm. P CO at 100°C). The catalytic activities for these systems were studied as functions of several experimental variables. Hydroformylation rates increased with the P CO but exhibited saturation behavior in the 1.5 atm. range. Rates for cyclohexane and hexane production were inhibited by CO at higher pressures. Cyclohexene hydroformylation and hydrogenation turnover frequencies were independent of the polymer-loading (50–150 μM RhCl 3 /1.0 g P4VP) indicating that the active species are of the same nuclearity as the principal species present. The temperature dependence did not follow simple Arrhenius behavior, but appeared segmented. These data are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms.
What is interpersonal behavior? A post-cartesian approach to problematic interpersonal patterns and psychotherapy process

Most efforts to learn about interpersonal behavior reflect a shared set of key commitments. These commitments, in turn, reflect the Cartesian framework with its split between person and world. Guid...
Technical Performance Characterization of Fourier Transform Profilometry for Quantitative Waste Volume Determination Under Hanford Waste Tank Conditions

The Hanford Site in western Washington state is currently in the process of an extensive effort to empty and close its radioactive single-shell and double-shell waste storage tanks. Before this can be accomplished, it is necessary to know how much residual material is left in a given waste tank and the chemical makeup of the residue. The Institute for Clean Energy Technology (ICET) at Mississippi State University is currently developing an quantitative in-tank inspection system based on F ourier T ransform P rofilometry, FTP. FTP is a non-contact, 3-D shape measurement technique. By projecting a fringe pattern onto a target surface and observing its deformation due to surface irregularities from a different view angle, FTP is capable of determining the height (depth) distribution (and hence volume distribution) of the target surface, thus reproducing the profile of the target accurately under a wide variety of conditions. Hence FTP has the potential to be utilized for quantitative determination of residual wastes within Hanford waste tanks. We report the results of a technical feasibility study to document the accuracy and precision of quantitative volume determination using the Fourier transform profilometry technique under simulated Hanford waste tank conditions.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
The post‐revolutionary purge of Iran's armed forces: a revisionist assessment

The popular press and the Iranian exile community have suggested that the Imperial Iranian Armed Forces ceased for the most part to exist as a result of the Islamic Revolution. This view has also been held by some scholars.1 However, the continued success of the Iranian military on the battlefield against Iraq is strong circumstantial evidence for questioning such a view. While it is true that Iran's professional military fell into considerable desuetude during and after the revolution, this results from other factors, not the postrevolutionary purge of the armed forces. This study will demonstrate the relatively limited scope and impact of the postrevolutionary purge.
The geographic distribution of the ionospheric evening anomaly and its relation to the global pattern of neutral winds

Abstract By plotting world contour maps of the index I(t) = 10{ƒ 0 F2(1200) − ƒ 0 F2(t)} ƒ 0 F2(1200) which describes the magnitude of the evening anomaly (the higher than expected evening values of the critical ionospheric frequency in the summer hemisphere), we have obtained patterns which show that the anomaly is more pronounced in regions of westerly declination in the northern hemisphere and easterly declination in the southern hemisphere, as well as in regions where there is a poleward divergence of the magnetic meridians. By studying neutral wind patterns computed by other authors, we have reached the conclusion that the neutral winds, by dragging the ionospheric plasma which is essentially constrained to move along the lines of force of the Earth's magnetic field, play a very important role in determining the geographic variations in the intensity of the evening anomaly.
R68-52 The Structure of the "The"-Multiprogramming System

This paper is worthy of attention. Written with the facility one has grown to expect from Prof. Dijkstra, this is an announcement of a new operating system designed and constructed at the Technologi-cal University at Eindhoven for the EL X8.
New Products, Upgrades, and New Releases: A Rationale for Sequential Product Introduction:

Network externality is an important consideration in many high-technology product markets. In these markets, consumers’ expectations about the future installed base and the resultant externality be...