cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Stroke due to Lyme disease

A 56-year-old Connecticut woman suffered multiple strokes 18 months after antibiotic treatment for early Lyme disease with facial palsy. Pleocytosis, intrathecal synthesis of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibody, and the response to antibiotic treatment substantiated the diagnosis of neuroborreliosis. This is the first report of stroke caused by Lyme disease acquired in North America.
FACTOR STRUCTURE OF PROBLEM BEHAVIOR FOR MILDLY HANDICAPPED AND NON-HANDICAPPED STUDENTS

Mildly handicapped (n = 521) and non-handicapped students (n = 561) in Grades 1 to 12 were rated by 52 teachers on a checklist of items corresponding to Bower's list of characteristics of emotional disturbance. An unrotated principal component factor analysis identified 8 factors for both groups of students with eigenvalues greater than 1.00. Coefficients of congruence indicated a similar factor structure for the two groups of students on the first three factors. The mildly handicapped students were reported to have significantly more problem behaviors than the non-handicapped students. Those who work with both groups of students should be trained to cope with behaviors that suggest emotional disturbance.
Mechanisms subserving hormone action in the ovary: role of calcium ions as assessed by steady state calcium exchange in cultured swine granulosa cells.

We have appraised the properties of steady state calcium exchange in cultured swine granulosa cells prelabeled to jsotopic equilibrium with 45Ca2+. Subsequent steady state efflux parameters were assessed by nonlinear least-squares curve-fitting to a two-compartment model. The resultant mean rate constants were 0.27 ± 0.07 min-1 and 0.030 ± 0.0015 min-1, which correspond to respective half-lives of calcium exchange of 2.6 ± 0.67 min and 23 ± 1.1 min (means ± SD, n = 18 experiments). The estimated sizes of the rapidly and slowly exchangeable calcium compartments in ovarian cells were 1.8 ± 0.51 and 4.47 ± 0.15 μmol calcium/mg protein, respectively. Equilibrium exchange of calcium was temperature dependent, and accelerated markedly by putative stimulators of calcium influx, such as maitotoxin, A23187, and BAY K 8644. Conversely, presumptive inhibitors of the calcium-magnesium dependent ATPase, such as trifluoperazine and orthovanadate, significantly diminished the size of the slowly exchangeable pool and its...
FCAPT uvby Photometry of the mCP Stars HD 86592, HR 4330, HR 6958, and HR 7786

New differential Stromgren uvby Four College Automated Photoelectric Telescope (FCAPT) observations of four magnetic CP stars HD 86592, HR 4330, HR 6958, and HR 7786 are presented. These ob- servations are analyzed along with published FCAPT data to improve the periods and the light curves. The period of HD 86592 is that of Babel & North, 2.886669 days. The new periods of HR 4330, HR 6958, and HR 7786 are 3.152, 18.0642, and 8.5295 days, respectively, almost the same as their previous values from FCAPT data. The first three stars can be characterized as having constant light curves and periods. However, the small differences among the seasonal light curves of HR 7786 indicate it is a star whose rotational axis is precessing about its magnetic axis. Online material: color figures, extended table
Luckenschadel skull: a forgotten entity.

Background Luckenschadel skull is an ossification disorder in which the fetal skull appears fenestrated. It is almost always associated with Chiari II malformation and meningomyelocele. Case We report a case of fatal subgaleal hemorrhage occurring in a full-term infant with undiagnosed Chiari II malformation, meningomyelocele, and luckenschadel skull. A cesarean delivery was performed after attempted vacuum and forceps delivery for fetal distress. Conclusion Obstetricians should be aware that fetuses with antenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects could have luckenschadel skull. Questions are raised concerning the possible clinical significance of this anomaly, especially in the context of a vacuum delivery.
Effects of the duration of exposure to hormone supplements on cytoplasmic maturation of pig oocytes in vitro

The effect of hormone supplements on cytoplasmic maturation in vitro was examined by incubating oocyte-cumulus complexes, in a medium with PMSG (10 iu ml-1), hCG (10 iu ml-1) and oestradiol (1 microgram ml-1) for various periods and then transferring them to medium without added hormones for the remainder of the maturation period. Exposure of oocyte-cumulus complexes to hormone supplements for 2 h improved only germinal vesicle breakdown and maturation rates compared with complexes not exposed to added hormones. The removal of hormone supplements at 20 h after the start of culture enhanced the ability of oocytes to form male pronuclei 10 to 12 h after insemination. Further, the effects of transfer of intact and oocytectomized oocyte-cumulus complexes to hormone-free medium at 20 h on cumulus expansion were examined. The diameter and morphology of the intact oocyte-cumulus complexes were improved after the removal of oocyte-cumulus cell complexes from hormonal exposure. The responses of oocytectomized oocyte-cumulus complexes to hormone were similar to those of intact oocyte-cumulus complexes with the exception of corona radiata expansion. The results suggest that the removal of hormone supplements from maturation media at 20 h after culture enhanced cytoplasmic maturation and cumulus expansion. Further, cumulus expansion does not appear to depend on intercellular communication between cumulus cells and oocytes. Oocytectomy did influence expansion of the corona radiata during culture.
A sequential processor for detecting Gaussian acoustic signals

A sequential approach to detecting Gaussian acoustic signals is discussed. The optimum sequential processor is synthesized and its performance is evaluated. The performance obtained is compared with the performance of the optimum unsequential processor. It is shown that the sequential approach may considerably reduce the required time-bandwidth product when the desired signal is present in the input mixture. However, when the processor receives a noise alone, the time-bandwidth reduction is very small, particularly for high signal-to-noise ratios. Hence, the sequential approach is most promising when one wishes to detect the desired signal (when it appears) as fast as possible but does not mind spending more time when no signal exists.
Soft x-ray laser driver based on a pinch capillary discharge

Capillary discharge with moderate energy contribution (100 - 300 J) working in a pinch regime mode seems to be a promising way to build a really compact and inexpensive soft x- ray laser. A simple snow-plow model of a collapsing plasma, and the statement of experimental efforts toward construction and characterization of an x-ray laser in BYU are presented.
Dimensions of Internal-External Locus of Control and the Women's Liberation Movement

Fifty feminist (WL) and 50 control subjects were administered Rotter's Internal-External scale and a series of questions concerning their backgrounds and their attitudes about and involvement in the women's movement. Three dimensions emerged from a factor analysis of the I-E items: personal control, protestant ethic ideology, and feminist ideology. The WL subjects were more internal than the control subjects in their sense of personal control and more external in protestant ethic ideology (PEI) and feminist ideology. Externality on these two dimensions was shown to be related to involvement in the feminist movement. Rejection of PEI was accompanied by an increased sense of personal internality for the feminists.
A new role for miR-182 in DNA repair.

A role for miRNAs in modulating cellular responses to DNA damage and chemotherapy is emerging. In this issue of Molecular Cell, Moskwa and colleagues propose a novel function for miR-182 in the posttranscriptional regulation of BRCA1 expression and in DNA repair (Moskwa et al., 2011).
Self-Recognition Ability in Mentally Retarded Adolescents

Summary Self-recognition abilities of 30 mentally retarded adolescents were measured using an optical system and a psychophysical scaling procedure that results in a recognition threshold. Compared with college freshmen, the experimental group had significantly higher thresholds (p = .00003). Males were better than females at recognizing full-face self-images (p = .0238). Results were discussed in terms of the retarded adolescents' greater dependency on specific visual cues. The method is discussed as an advance over previous self-recognition methods because of accuracy and the capability of measuring a range of self-recognition abilities.
Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation (BreEStim) for management of neuropathic pain and spasticity

Electrical stimulation (EStim) refers to the application of electrical current to muscles or nerves in order to achieve functional and therapeutic goals. It has been extensively used in various clinical settings. Based upon recent discoveries related to the systemic effects of voluntary breathing and intrinsic physiological interactions among systems during voluntary breathing, a new EStim protocol, Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation (BreEStim), has been developed to augment the effects of electrical stimulation. In BreEStim, a single-pulse electrical stimulus is triggered and delivered to the target area when the airflow rate of an isolated voluntary inspiration reaches the threshold. BreEStim integrates intrinsic physiological interactions that are activated during voluntary breathing and has demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy. Two representative applications of BreEStim are reported with detailed protocols: management of post-stroke finger flexor spasticity and neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury.
The politics of resource allocation in the post‐cold war pentagon

(1996). The politics of resource allocation in the post‐cold war pentagon. Security Studies: Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 125-142.
Effect of Molecular Conformation on Interaction of Organic Species in Water. Benzamides and Anisamides with Theophylline and Riboflavin

Complexing tendencies of N,N -dimethylbenzamide and N,N -dimethylanisamide toward theophylline and riboflavin in water were found to be significantly less than those of N -substituted and N -monomethyl analogs. It is suggested that rotation of N,N -dimethylamide group about the benzene ring-carbonyl carbon bond may inhibit formation of such complexes. N,N -Dimethylcinnamamide whose N,N -dimethylamide group can lie on the same plane as the styrene group was shown to be as good an interactant as the unsubstituted cinnamamide.
Control of quantum dynamics: issues and alternatives

This paper gives an overview of the logic behind current conceptual issues directed towards controlling quantum phenomena. The role of theory to translate these concepts into laboratory designs will be highlighted, along with an explanation of the complexities of achieving realistic designs. As a result, it will be argued that closed-loop feedback control of quantum dynamics in the laboratory is not only feasible, but will typically be a necessity for the achievement of practical control over quantum phenomena.
The existence of a non-minimal solution to the SU (2) Yang-Mills-Higgs equations on ℝ 3 . Part I

This paper (Part I) and the sequel (Part II) prove the existence of a smooth, non-trivial, finite action solution to the SU (2) Yang-Mills-Higgs equations on ℝ3 in the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield limit. The proof uses a simple form of Morse theory known as Ljusternik-Snirelman theory. Part I establishes that a form of Lusternik-Snirelman theory is applicable to the SU (2) Yang-Mills-Higgs equations. Here, a sufficient condition for the existence of the aforementioned solution is derived. Part II contains the completed existence proof. There it is demonstrated that the sufficient condition of Part I is satisfied by the SU (2) Yang-Mills-Higgs equations.
The development of the Game Engagement Questionnaire: A measure of engagement in video game-playing

Deep engagement in video game-playing has the potential to be to be one important determinant of the impact of playing violent video games, but there are currently no reliable measures of this subjective experience. To fill this gap, the Game Engagement Questionnaire (GEQ) was developed using both classical and Rasch analyses. In Study 1 Rasch analyses provide support for the reliability and functionality of the GEQ scores. Rasch analyses also demonstrate that the GEQ has adequate separation, fit, rating scale functioning, and dimensionality, suggesting that one’s tendency to become engaged in video game-playing is a quantifiable construct. In Study 2, behavioral and questionnaire data supported the reliability and validity of the GEQ for predicting engagement in violent video games. The GEQ provides a psychometrically strong measure of levels of engagement specifically elicited while playing video games, and thus shows promise for future research examining risk and protective factors for negative game impact.
A Rhetoric of Inclusion and the Expansion of Movement Constituencies: Harriot Stanton Blatch and the Classed Politics of Woman Suffrage

Recently, rhetorical scholars have paid closer attention to how the politics of inclusion function in social movements and counterpublics. While these studies demonstrate how movement constituencies worked together as coalitions and alliances, they have yet to address how one group overcomes its resistance to another. To address this gap, this study turns to the rhetoric of Harriot Stanton Blatch. In the early twentieth century, Stanton Blatch successfully forged alliances between elite and working class suffragists. Yet, during the 1890s, Stanton Blatch’s appeals centered on persuading elite women to include working class women in the suffrage movement. Thus, this essay argues that Stanton Blatch advanced a rhetoric of inclusion that made visible, resisted, and rearticulated class difference toward more inclusive suffrage constituencies. This study finds that, through the process of redrawing boundaries of inclusion, a rhetor must confront the persistent and uneasy tension between inclusion and exclusion.
Writing Competitive Federal Grant Proposals: Advice for Novice Grant Writers

Abstract How does a novice grant writer produce a well-written proposal that stands out among the competition ? Many teacher educators do not write federal grants because they do not know how to identify funding sources or how to prepare grant proposals. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to provide useful advice to first-time grant seekers about how to ensure that their proposal is competitive, and (2) to help grant writers avoid common pitfalls frequently seen by those who review and evaluate grant proposals. A list of federal grant resources and web sites is included.
Periodic steady-state analysis augmented with design equality constraints

A design-oriented periodic steady-state analysis is presented in this paper. The new analysis finds the values of circuit parameters that result in a desired circuit performance specified by a set of equality constraints. This is done by including the design equality constraints and the circuit parameters directly in the steady-state analysis as additional equations and unknowns. A time-domain finite difference method and the numerical implementation for the proposed analysis are described. Several examples demonstrate that the new analysis accurately and efficiently tunes circuit parameters that conform to a wide range of design specifications.
Right ventricular function in congenital heart disease: Pressure and volume overload lesions

The right ventricle is often subject to both pressure and volume overload in congenital heart disease. Evaluating right ventricular function in both the native lesion and after surgery in light of these loading conditions, presents a unique challenge for investigators studying these misshapen hearts. The purpose of this article is to briefly delineate what is generally known about right ventricular function in congenital heart disease and to touch on some noninvasive imaging modalities which have helped shed some light on this matter.
FINDSITE‐metal: Integrating evolutionary information and machine learning for structure‐based metal‐binding site prediction at the proteome level

The rapid accumulation of gene sequences, many of which are hypothetical proteins with unknown function, has stimulated the development of accurate computational tools for protein function prediction with evolution/structure-based approaches showing considerable promise. In this article, we present FINDSITE-metal, a new threading-based method designed specifically to detect metal-binding sites in modeled protein structures. Comprehensive benchmarks using different quality protein structures show that weakly homologous protein models provide sufficient structural information for quite accurate annotation by FINDSITE-metal. Combining structure/evolutionary information with machine learning results in highly accurate metal-binding annotations; for protein models constructed by TASSER, whose average Cα RMSD from the native structure is 8.9 A, 59.5% (71.9%) of the best of top five predicted metal locations are within 4 A (8 A) from a bound metal in the crystal structure. For most of the targets, multiple metal-binding sites are detected with the best predicted binding site at rank 1 and within the top two ranks in 65.6% and 83.1% of the cases, respectively. Furthermore, for iron, copper, zinc, calcium, and magnesium ions, the binding metal can be predicted with high, typically 70% to 90%, accuracy. FINDSITE-metal also provides a set of confidence indexes that help assess the reliability of predictions. Finally, we describe the proteome-wide application of FINDSITE-metal that quantifies the metal-binding complement of the human proteome. FINDSITE-metal is freely available to the academic community at http://cssb.biology.gatech.edu/findsite-metal/.
Analysis of the effects of operant conditioning on cortical unit response patterns

Abstract Patterns of response to visual stimuli were studied in cells in cat visual cortex. Changes in these patterns were measured during an operant conditioning paradigm in which reinforcement (rewarding brain stimulation) was presented contingent upon the occurrence of a specific change in a cell's pattern of response. For half of the cells studied, frequency of reinforcement increased significantly during the conditioning procedure: in 26% of the cells, the increase was due to increased firing confined to the time segment specified by the contingency of reinforcement. Cells studied during a control procedure, in which reinforcement was delivered randomly, did not exhibit changes in response pattern. Statistical properties of each cell's preconditioning or baseline pattern of response, as reflected in peristimulus time histograms compiled on line, were analyzed. Modifiability of a cell's response pattern was significantly correlated with spontaneous discharge rate and also with the overall strength of the changes initially evoked in the cell's activity by the visual stimulus. Cells that exhibited specific conditioned changes had higher spontaneous rates and more complicated response patterns than cells that did not.
Permafrost palaeoclimate of Permian palaeosols in the Gerringong volcanic facies of New South Wales

Late Permian (early Tatarian, 258 Ma) palaeosols exposed near Kiama and Dapto on the south coast of New South Wales can be recognised from their red colour, clayey and massive texture, and clay‐filled root traces. Harvey pedotype palaeosols are within the upper Jamberoo Sandstone Member of the Broughton Formation. Loveleigh pedotype palaeosols are within the basal Kiama Sandstone overlying columnar jointed flows of the Blow Hole Latite Member of the Broughton Formation. Both kinds of palaeosols are strongly ferruginised with little relict bedding, yet they are little weathered and have surprisingly high amounts of feldspar and pyroxene. Both also show deformation of subsurface layers comparable to the active layer of permafrosted soils. Root traces in these palaeosols are sparse and comparable to those of woody gymnosperms, not chambered like the known roots of Glossopteris. Plausible components of the taiga woodland represented by the palaeosols include Gangamopteris, cordaites, seed ferns, and equisetal...
A Superconvergent Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Hyperbolic Problems on Tetrahedral Meshes

In this manuscript we present a superconvergent discontinuous Galerkin method equipped with an element residual error estimator applied to scalar first-order hyperbolic problems using tetrahedral meshes. We present a local error analysis to derive a discontinuous Galerkin orthogonality condition for the leading term of the discretization error and establish new superconvergence points, lines and surfaces. We also derive new basis functions spanning the error and propose an implicit error estimation procedure by solving a local problem on each tetrahedron. The DG method combined with the a posteriori error estimation procedure yields both accurate error estimates and $$O(h^{p+2})$$ O ( h p + 2 ) superconvergent solutions. Computations validate our theory.
Ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy in gallium arsenide at 25 T

We have performed high-fluence, nondegenerate pump-probe spectroscopy in the Split Florida-Helix magnet at 25 T and 15 K. The electronic component of our ultrafast differential reflectivity can be described with a simplified four-level approximation to determine the scattering and recombination rates. Ultrafast oscillations are well described by a coherent acoustic phonon model. Our free-space ultrafast spectroscopic technique will permit future experimental investigations to study novel photoinduced phase transitions and complex interactions in correlated electron systems, which will require the high pulse energies of our free-space alternative.
Some Further Remarks on Preference Proximity

In an interesting paper Nitzan [1988] suggests an alternative formulation of preservation of preference proximity. He shows that his formulation is consistent with anonymity and respect for unanimity. This contrasts with the negative results that have been obtained with the formulations of preservation of preference proximity formulated by Baigent [1987] and Chichilnisky [1982]. The definitions and notation are taken from Baigent [1987] and Nitzan [1988]. The formal framework used by Nitzan is less general than that used in Baigent [1987] in the following ways. The set of all preferences P is restricted to the set of all linear preferences P*; the set of all profiles Pr is restricted to the set of all profiles of linear preferences Pr*; the set of all nonempty subsets of alternatives K is restricted to a single fixed nonempty subset of alternatives that will be taken to be X, the subset consisting of all alternatives. The class of social choice procedures considered by Nitzan consists of social decision functions F*:Pr* K, which assign a nonempty subset of alternatives to every profile of linear preferences. The essence of this condition may be explained as follows. If, according to some metric 6 on P*, profile p is closer to some profile for which x is the unanimous winner than profile q is to any profile for which y is the unanimous winner, then the choice resulting from p should be closer to simply choosing x than the choice resulting from q is to simply choosing y. This formulation gives a special significance to unanimity in situations in which unanimity is not present. It is not clear why choice should be restricted by considering what would be chosen unanimously if preferences in fact lack unanimity. This is not to deny that unanimous winners should be chosen when they exist. The point being made is that arguments for choosing unanimously when unanimity exists are not sufficient to establish that unanimity considerations should restrict choice when unanimity does not in fact exist. It can in fact be argued that there are other considerations which are important apart from unanimity and that these should be brought into play whenever unanimity is lacking. Such lexical arguments are very familiar. Generations of students of welfare economics have been told that only Pareto optimal alternatives
Role of visual and auditory cues in mating behavior of two desert species ofDrosophila

The effects of visual and auditory cues on mating behavior was examined for 2 members of theDrosophila nannoptera species group. Results indicate that visual and auditory signals do not play a significant role in mating success inDrosophila acanthoptera andD. species W.
Tests of a fiber-optic velocity transducer

A novel transducer is developed and tested. The transducer utilizes optical fiber to measure mean and instantaneous flow rates in turbulent flows, and is capable of detecting flow reversal. Calibration of the transducer is conducted in both air and water. The dynamic response of the transducer is tested against hot-wire anemometery in the wake flow of a circular cylinder over a wide range of Reynolds number.
Women and Small Farm Revival: The Division of Labor and Decision-Making on Maine's Organic Farms

Reacting to the intensified contradictions of the capitalist food system, many agrarian activists seek to revitalize family labor farms, to make agriculture ecologically sustainable, to renew the social and economic life of rural communities, and to create an unalienated labor process. While the agrarian movement is fragmented along lines of ideology, issue priorities and tactics, it is fundamentally in the populist tradition. This problematic of neo-populism, with its contradictory progressive and petty bourgeois tendencies, provides the context for an analysis of production relations on Maine's organic farms. The division of labor and decision-making authority on these farms is shown to conform closely to the age-old pattern of male dominance. Evidence from a survey of small commercial organic farms suggests that most women face a "double," and some a "triple burden" of farm, household and off-farm labor; that their work is more proletarian than that of males; and that their contributions to the family'...
Talking Text and Talking Back: ''My BFF Jill'' from Boob Tube to YouTube

Exploring the close relationship between poetic language and metalanguage, this article analyzes both a series of 2007-8 U.S. TV ads that humorously deploy the language of text messaging, and the subsequent debates about the linguistic status of texting that they occasioned. We explore the ambivalence of commercials that at once resonate with fears of messaging slang as a verbal contagion and luxuriate in the playful inversion of standard language hierarchies. The commercials were invoked by monologic mainstream media as evidence of language decay, but their circulation on YouTube invited dialogic metalinguistic discussions, in which young people and texting proponents could share the floor with adults and language prescriptivists. We examine some of the themes that emerge in the commentary YouTubers have posted about these ads, and discuss the style of that commentary as itself significant.
Bone mass and endocrine adaptations to training in spinal cord injured individuals.

Abstract To investigate whether exercise training can produce increases in bone mass in spinal cord-injured (SCI) individuals with established disuse osteopenia, nine subjects (age 28.2 years, time since injury 6.0 years, level of injury C 5 -T 7 ) were recruited for a 9-month training program using functional electrical stimulation cycle ergometry (FES-CE), which produces active muscle contractions in the paralyzed limb. After training, bone mineral density (BMD, by X-ray absorptiometry) increased by 0.047 ± 0.010 g/cm 2 at the lumbar spine; changes in BMD at the femoral neck, distal femur, and proximal tibia were not significant for the group as a whole. In a subset of subjects training at ≥ 18 W for at least 3 months (n = 4), BMD increased by 0.095 ± 0.026 g/cm 2 (+18%) at the distal femur. By 6 months of training, a 78% increase in serum osteocalcin was observed, indicating an increase in bone turnover. Urinary calcium and hydroxyproline, indicators of resorptive activity, did not change over the same period. Serum PTH increased 75% over baseline values (from 2.98 ± 0.15 to 5.22 ± 0.62 pmol/L) after 6 months' training, with several individual values in hyperparathyroid range; PTH declined toward baseline values by 9 months. These data establish the feasibility of stimulating site-specific increases in bone mass in severely osteopenic bone with muscle contractions independent of weight-bearing for those subjects able to achieve a threshold power output of 18 W with FES-CE. Calcium supplementation from the outset of training in osteopenic individuals may be advisable to prevent training-induced increases in PTH.
DEVELOPMENT OF REAL-TIME DATA MONITORING SYSTEM FOR COASTAL MARGIN RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT

ABSTRACT Coastal margins are of enormous economic, environmental, and societal value. However, coastal margin growth, land-use practices, and deleterious anthropogenic and natural processes impact ...
Sensitivity of Winter Wheat Phyllochron to Environmental Changes

The effect of environmental changes on the rate of leaf emergence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) must be understood to accurately simulate the development of the crop canopy. We determined the phyllochron for 'Stephens' winter wheat plants in growth chambers at two constant temperatures (10 and 18 °C) at a daylength of 14 h and at two constant daylengths (8 and 18 h) at a temperature of 20 °C, and for plants transferred between the two temperatures and between the two daylengths at the first-, second-, third-, and fourth-leaf stages. The phyllochron of all plants transferred from low to high temperature increased to that of plants kept continually at the high temperature [...]
Surface Induced Dissociation Yields Quaternary Substructure of Refractory Noncovalent Phosphorylase B and Glutamate Dehydrogenase Complexes

Ion mobility (IM) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) coupled with native MS are useful for studying noncovalent protein complexes. Collision induced dissociation (CID) is the most common MS/MS dissociation method. However, some protein complexes, including glycogen phosphorylase B kinase (PHB) and L-glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) examined in this study, are resistant to dissociation by CID at the maximum collision energy available in the instrument. Surface induced dissociation (SID) was applied to dissociate the two refractory protein complexes. Different charge state precursor ions of the two complexes were examined by CID and SID. The PHB dimer was successfully dissociated to monomers and the GDH hexamer formed trimeric subcomplexes that are informative of its quaternary structure. The unfolding of the precursor and the percentages of the distinct products suggest that the dissociation pathways vary for different charge states. The precursors at lower charge states (+21 for PHB dimer and +27 for GDH hexamer) produce a higher percentage of folded fragments and dissociate more symmetrically than the precusors at higher charge states (+29 for PHB dimer and +39 for GDH hexamer). The precursors at lower charge state may be more native-like than the higher charge state because a higher percentage of folded fragments and a lower percentage of highly charged unfolded fragments are detected. The combination of SID and charge reduction is shown to be a powerful tool for quaternary structure analysis of refractory noncovalent protein complexes, as illustrated by the data for PHB dimer and GDH hexamer.
Concerted effects of progestin, estrogen, intracellular cAMP, and relaxin on aromatase in endometrial stromal cells [Poster 07]

Abstract Hormonal regulation of aromatase activity in human endometrial stromal cells was studied in primary cell culture. Medroxy-progesterone acetate (MPA) stimulated the aromatase activity, ~10-fold over the control, and estradiol (E 2 ), relaxin (RLX), or forskolin (Fk) enhanced this stimulation, ~20 to 500-fold over the control. Since progesterone, estrogen, and relaxin are actively produced by the ovary after conception, the multihormonal regulation of endometrial aromatase must be taking place in vivo after conception. Indeed, aromatase activity measured in intact endometria revealed that the activity in decidua was ~500-fold higher than that of endometria obtained during the menstrual cycle.
Spatial resolution of wedge shaped silicon microstrip detectors

Abstract Several wedge-shaped silicon microstrip detectors with pitches from 30 to 100 μm have been designed by our group and beam tested at the CERN SPS. We find the spatial resolution σ becomes larger at the rate of 0.21 μm per 1 μm increase in pitch, but the number of strips per cluster remains about the same as the pitch varies from 30 to 100 μm.
A Method for Analyzing Unreplicated Agricultural Experiments

Many studies are conducted in which replication of units is prohibitive. Traditional methods of hypothesis testing do not allow for analysis of unreplicated experiments. An abundance of subsampling allows for accurate estimation of within-treatment variance, but does not constitute experimental error. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is a ratio involving both the within-treatment variance and the between-treatment variance. We propose a method for analyzing unreplicated experiments that exploits the relationship among the ICC, within-treatment variance, and between-treatment variance by placing a reasonable upper bound on the ICC (from prior research) and using subsampling to carry out classical tests of significance that have conservative levels of significance. The methodology has wide applicability for analyzing unreplicated experiments and may be implemented in SAS (Cary, NC) using the MIXED procedure. As a demonstration of the methodology, the authors used data from an unpublished study in which a researcher tested the effectiveness of four different treatments [(i) control; (ii) sample-dependent release of the predacious phytoseiid mite (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, PP); (iii) scheduled release of PP; (iv) Floramite {2-(4-methoxy-[1,1-biphenyl]-3-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl ester; UniRoyal Chemical Company, Inc., Middlesbury, CT) pesticide application] controlling two-spotted spider mites (hereafter refered to as just mites) in commercial greenhouses. Four greenhouses were used for the study. Within each greenhouse, eight potted ivy geranium [Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L'Her. ex Ait., 'Summer-Rose Red'] plants were inoculated with mites. One of the four treatments was applied in each of the four greenhouses. At the end of 1 wk, the number of mites was counted on each potted plant in each greenhouse. Using the proposed methodology, one-factor ANOVA was performed with follow-up tests identifying significant differences among the treatment means.
The Disintegration of Beryllium by Protons

The disintegration of Be by protons of energies from 45 to 125 kv has been studied. The yield curve for a thick target has been determined and the ratio of the number of alpha-particles and deuterons ejected from the target has been determined for various voltages. The ratio was very close to unity. The ranges of both groups of particles were found to be 7.1 mm. From the energy relations the mass of ${\mathrm{Be}}^{8}$ was found to be 8.0074. The experimental value of the effective area for collision was found to be of the same magnitude as that predicted by Gamow's theory of the penetration of a potential barrier by protons having zero angular momentum.
Regional Land Use and Transportation Planning with a Genetic Algorithm

A new approach to regional land use and transportation planning, which uses a genetic algorithm as an integrated optimization tool, is presented. The approach is illustrated by applying it to the Wasatch Front Metropolitan Region, which consists of four counties in the state of Utah. This genetic algorithm-based approach was applied earlier to the twin cities of Provo and Orem in Utah, but here it is adapted to regional planning. Three issues make regional planning particularly difficult: (a) individual cities have significant planning autonomy, (b) the search space of possible plans is immense, and (c) preferences between competing objectives vary among stakeholders. The approach used here addresses the first issue by the way the problem is formulated. The second issue is addressed with a genetic algorithm. Such algorithms are particularly well suited to problems with large search spaces. The third issue is addressed by using a multiobjective fitness function in the genetic algorithm. It was found that a genetic algorithm could produce a set of nondominated future land use scenarios and street plans for a region, from which regional planners can make a selection. Execution of the algorithm to produce 100 plans per generation for 100 generations took about 4 days with a high-end personal computer. Interesting trends for reducing change and traffic congestion were discovered.
Prognostics health management and life beyond 60 for nuclear power plants

There is growing interest in longer-term operation of the current US nuclear power plant (NPP) fleet. This paper presents an overview of prognostic health management (PHM) technologies that could play a role in the safe and effective operation of nuclear power plants during extended life. A case study in prognostics for materials degradation assessment, using laboratory-scale measurements, is briefly discussed, and technical gaps that need to be addressed prior to PHM system deployment for nuclear power life extension are presented.
Effect of prolactin on sugar and amino acid transport by the rat jejunum

After two daily ovine prolactin injections in rats, significant increases in jejunal absorption of glucose, glycine and proline, as well as of fluid and NaCl, occurred. Although ouabain caused dramatic reductions in fluid, sodium, chloride and glucose transport, prolactin had an effect even in the presence of ouabain. Mucosal hyperosmolality significantly decreased fluid, sodium and chloride absorption but had no significant effect on glucose transport. Addition of prolactin in vitro had no effect on intestinal absorption. Prolactin-induced increases in transport of fluid, NaCl and organic nutrients by the mammalian jejunum may play an important role in nutritional and osmoregulatory adaptations.
The flextensional concept: A new approach to the design of underwater acoustic transducers

Abstract The general design concept of the Flextensional Underwater Acoustic Transducer is presented. In addition, the five different possible shell designs are discussed and classified in one of five different classes.
Axostyle structure in the termite protozoon Pyrsonympha vertens.

Abstract The axostyle of Pyrsonympha vertens is a cellular organelle composed of interconnected microtubules. In living organisms the axostyle has waves which originate at the anterior end of the protozoon and traverse the length to the posterior end of the protozoon so that an average of 3–4 waves are present in the organelle at any given point in time. The part of the axostyle between the waves is straight. In sections through the middle of the straight part, the microtubules are hexagonally packed, with predominant connections between tubules in rows across the width of the axostyle, but the microtubules are rectilinearly packed through the wave. The wave appears to involve changes in orientation and arrangement of the microtubules. The general structure of the microtubules, cross-bridges and axostyle in the straight and bent portions are described and related to the wave propagation by this organelle.
Blockade of ornithine decarboxylase enzyme protects against ischemic brain damage

Polyamines are derived from ornithine by the actions of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is the rate-limiting step in this pathway. Polyamines play a role in cell growth, neoplasia, differentiation, and response to injury. We have shown that transient cerebral ischemia gives rise to increased ODC mRNA and enzyme activity in the gerbil brain. ODC and polyamines are thought to be important in the generation of edema and the neuronal cell loss associated with cerebral ischemia. To test this theory, we examined the ODC activity, putrescine levels, and neuronal density in the CA1 region of the hippocampus following ischemia and reperfusion injury in the absence and presence of an inhibitor of ODC activity, α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). Pretreatment of animals with DFMO resulted in attenuation of the ODC activity following 5 min of ischemia and 4 h of reperfusion. In addition, DFMO prevented the increase in polyamine levels, as determined by measurement of putrescine in the ischemic brain. These alterat...
A viral-induced protein in the nuclei of cells infected with fowlpox virus.

Abstract The proteins found in the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of fowlpox virus-infected and mock-infected chick embryo cells were examined by SDS-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. At 24 hr PI a viral-induced 37,000-dalton protein was present in infected cytoplasm, and was still being synthesized, although in lesser amounts, at 48 hr. No viral-induced proteins were identified in the nuclear fraction of infected cells at 24 hr PI, but by 36 hr PI a new 36,000-dalton protein had appeared; increased synthesis of this protein was seen at 48 hr PI. There was a general decline in the synthesis of host cell proteins during the period of viral infection.
The SYNTAX Trial A Perspective

The introduction of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in 1968 resulted in a paradigm shift in the management of coronary artery disease. Subsequent randomized studies in patients with chronic stable angina established the superiority of CABG over medical therapy in patients with left main coronary artery disease and multivessel disease with left ventricular dysfunction, especially if the proximal left anterior descending artery was involved. The beneficial effect of CABG on the relief of angina was noted in all trials.1–3 In many respects, these trials are obsolete because medical therapy at that time was extremely limited, as were methods of secondary prevention. Nonetheless, the important message of these trials still applies—the greatest benefit of revascularization is among those subgroups at greater risk based on the severity of symptoms or ischemia, the presence of multivessel disease and left ventricular dysfunction, and the extent of myocardial jeopardy.4 The introduction of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty as a nonsurgical alternative in 1977 by Gruntzig5 dramatically altered the landscape. Although it is noteworthy that 2 of the first 5 coronary balloon dilations ever performed were in the left main, complications from acute vessel closure precluded the widespread use of multivessel percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with severe coronary disease. The demonstration that bare-metal stents markedly reduced such short-term complications6–8 and improved subsequent long-term outcome (primarily through a reduction in restenosis compared with balloon angioplasty alone) raised the possibility that percutaneous intervention may offer an appealing alternative to CABG in the management of patients with multivessel disease. This, in turn, spawned a new generation of well-conducted, albeit somewhat small, randomized trials. Nonetheless, the benefits of bare-metal stent and drug-eluting stents (DES) have been on the end points of restenosis and repeat target vessel revascularization and not on death or myocardial infarction (MI). …
The impact of regimented aminophylline use on extracardiac radioisotope activity in patients undergoing regadenoson stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging: A substudy of the ASSUAGE trial

In patients undergoing regadenoson stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), the impact of the regimented administration of aminophylline on the cardiac-to-extracardiac photon activity ratio is unknown. This is a substudy of the ASSUAGE trial (NCT01250496); a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial which investigated the attenuation of regadenoson-related adverse effects using 75 mg of intravenous aminophylline vs placebo, administered 90 seconds following 99mTc-tetrofosmin injection in patients undergoing regadenoson stress SPECT-MPI. In subjects with normal MPI enrolled in the trial, we sampled from the antero-posterior planar projection of the post-stress scintigraphic data the mean photon activity in the myocardium, liver, bowel, and lungs. The mean cardiac-to-extracardiac activity ratios were compared between patients randomized to aminophylline vs placebo. We studied 158 eligible subjects, randomized to receive aminophylline (n = 86) or placebo (n = 72). The means of photon activity ratios of the heart-to-liver, heart-to-bowel, heart-to-lungs, inferior wall of the heart-to-liver, and inferior wall of the heart-to-bowel were not statistically different between those who received aminophylline vs placebo (P values > .30). Only the time lapse between stress 99mTc-tetrofosmin injection and stress SPECT acquisition independently correlated with higher heart-to-liver and heart-to-bowel activity ratios (P values ≤ .01). Patients’ body mass index independently correlated with lower heart-to-lung ratio (P = .009). The regimented intravenous aminophylline use following regadenoson stress does not significantly improve the cardiac-to-extracardiac photon activity ratio in patients undergoing regadenoson stress 99mTc-tetrofosmin SPECT-MPI.
Sharuk and Shylock: The creation of a South Asian American aesthetic

South Asian diasporic theatre in the Americas, unlike its counterparts in other regions such as the UK, has only recently begun to develop its own aesthetic voice and tradition of dramatic literature and theatrical production. This essay examines the landmark play, Shishir Kurup's Merchant on Venice and its premiere production in Chicago in 2007, in order to initiate a historical discussion of South Asian American theatre history. Through an examination of this adaptation of Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice, its relationship to the original together with its distinctive literary qualities and a consideration of its performative manifestation, this essay argues that Kurup's play heralds the coming of a South Asian American theatre aesthetic through engagements with language and inclusion of South Asian American cultural and historical specificity into the American theatre.
Kelvin force microscopy studies of work function of transparent conducting ZnO:Al electrodes synthesized under varying oxygen pressures

Abstract The ability to controllably tune the work function of transparent conductors is essential for optimizing the efficiency of thin film solar photovoltaics. Here we use Kelvin force microscopy on lithographically patterned ZnO:Al thin films to measure the dependence of the work function on oxygen content during synthesis. Films were synthesized by low temperature reactive sputtering from a Zn:Al 1.2 wt% target. At optimal oxygen content the resistivity is 3×10−4 Ω cm with nearly 90% optical transmission in the 400–1100 nm wavelength range relevant to solar photovoltaics. We find that the expected relationship between band filling and work function breaks down in the vicinity of optimal oxygen stoichiometry. For oxygen-rich ZnO:Al films we measure large work functions close to 5 eV. Our results suggest a method for fabricating transparent oxide electron conductors with large, tunable work functions that could be of relevance in designing electrodes for solid state energy conversion technologies.