cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Survival of permethrin-susceptible, resistant, and F1 hybrid strains of Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) on ear-tagged steers.

The 24-h survival of susceptible, resistant, and F1 hybrid horn flies, Haematobia irritans (L.), was measured on caged steers with zero, one, two, or four pyrethroid-impregnated ear tags in place for up to 16 wk. With the susceptible strain, survival on one- and two-tagged steers was equal to 3% and 0.2%, respectively, of the survival on untreated steers. With the resistant strain, survival on one- and two-tagged steers was equal to 97% and 107%, respectively, of the survival on untreated steers. With the hybrid (heterozygote resistant) flies, survival on one-, two-, and four-tagged steers was equal to 61%, 23%, and 11%, respectively, of the survival on untreated steers. Heterozygote survival did not change during the 16 wk of treatment for two-tagged steers. These findings suggest that the survival of heterozygous-resistant flies from the onset of tag use has been responsible for the rapid evolution of pyrethroid resistance among U.S. horn fly populations.
Customer Satisfaction: The Sales Manager's Role in Reducing the Communication Gap

Customer satisfaction, the cornerstone of the marketing concept, has been the subject of considerable research. Since 1970 over 15,000 academic and trade articles have been written on the subject. ...
Collaborative Autonomy for Mapping, Search, and Pursuit

This paper describes the development and flight tests of a multi-aircraft collaborative architecture, focused on decentralized autonomous decision making to solve a scenario-driven challenge problem. The architecture includes two search coverage algorithms, a hide location detection technique, behavior estimation, and a target manipulation algorithm. The architecture was implemented on a pair of Yamaha RMAX helicopters outfitted with modular avionics, as well as an associated set of simulation tools. Simulation and flight test results for single- and multiple aircraft scenarios are presented. Further work suggested includes identification and development of more sophisticated evader models and pursuit algorithms.
The Immateriality of Circulating GDF11

Recent portrayals of growth differentiation factor (GDF)-11 as an endocrine fountain of youth fail to consider the competitive influences of myostatin, a homologous protein with true endocrine action that binds the identical receptor, activin receptor IIb (ActRIIb). Subsequent studies have disproven the original premise that circulating levels of GDF11, but not those of myostatin, decline with age as the exact opposite seems to be true. These latter studies also seriously question the validity of data presented in the previous reports and indicate that myostatin circulates at levels 500× greater than those of GDF11; yet, both ligands share nearly identical affinities for ActRIIb. The compromised striated muscle function, neurogenesis, and vascular remodeling that occur with advanced age are, therefore, not caused by reduced circulating GDF11 as it could never outcompete myostatin for shared receptor-binding sites . Demonstrating that a single circulating factor reverses the effects of aging, particularly in the heart, muscle, and brain, is beyond transformative as it could revolutionize geriatric medicine and the treatment of sarcopenia, cancer cachexia, heart failure, and even stroke. Such a story was recently told. Unfortunately, however, it is founded on a misunderstanding of competitive ligand interactions and on questionable science. With 2 high-profile publications in Science , Katsimpardi et al1 and Sinha et al,2 and another in Cell , Loffredo et al,3 the same Harvard group suggested that the age-associated decline in circulating levels of GDF11 can induce cardiac hypertrophy, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and compromised neurogenesis.1–3 They also suggested that restoring GDF11 in aged circulation rejuvenates these tissues and induces vascular remodeling. The cornerstone of these conclusions is their reported observation that circulating GDF11, but not myostatin (also known as GDF8), declines with age. This is an extremely important distinction because both ligands bind the identical receptor, ActRIIb, …
Multiple giant cell tumors in a patient with Gulf War syndrome.

"Persian Gulf syndrome" refers to a group of clinical findings found in military personnel who served in the Persian Gulf War. The most commonly reported symptoms include chronic fatigue, headache, and neurologic disorders. Recently, new information has linked Whipple's disease and Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma to this syndrome. Presented here is an unusual case of multiple giant cell tumors of the hand in a patient with documented Persian Gulf syndrome. The epidemiologic significance between these two entities is unclear, because this is a single reported case. However, the practical message is clear. Physicians must meticulously evaluate patients who are veterans of the Persian Gulf conflict to further our understanding and confirm the existence of this syndrome.
Isolation of the full-length murine erythropoietin receptor using a baculovirus expression system

The full-length murine erythropoietin receptor was expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells using a recombinant baculovirus vector. Erythropoietin receptor protein production was maximal 48 hours after infection, as determined by metabolic labeling and immunoblotting; receptor protein varied in molecular mass from 62 to 76 kD. Erythropoietin receptors produced in Sf9 cells could be solubilized using CHAPS in a form capable of binding erythropoietin, and the solubilized receptor bound to immobilized Concanavalin A (Con A) and wheat germ agglutinin, as well as to immobilized recombinant human erythropoietin. Analysis of the distribution of erythropoietin receptors in Sf9 plasma membrane and cytosol fractions using lectin affinity chromatography revealed that membrane-bound receptor had a higher apparent molecular mass and contained the bulk of receptors that bound to wheat germ agglutinin. The receptor was purified by sequential affinity chromatography on Con A-Sepharose and immobilized erythropoietin. Erythropoietin receptors expressed in Sf9 cells were inserted into the plasma membrane in the correct orientation, bound 125I-erythropoietin with a single affinity (kD, 330 pmol/L), and were internalized after ligand binding. However, kD varied inversely with the number of cell surface receptors. Solubilized erythropoietin receptors in whole-cell lysates and isolated plasma membranes exhibited high-affinity binding, with kD values of 92 and 57 pmol/L, respectively. Erythropoietin bound to the surface of infected Sf9 cells could be cross-linked to two proteins with molecular masses of 90 and 65 kD using the homobifunctional cross-linker, disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS). Similar results were obtained with solubilized receptors in whole-cell lysates, and both proteins could be immunoprecipitated by an antiserum to the erythropoietin receptor carboxyl-terminal domain.
Abstract 2197: Mucopenetrating magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery

Objectives: Cervical cancer (CxCa) is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Current standards of care for cervical cancer includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, systemic chemotherapy fails to elicit therapeutic responses and causes severe systemic toxicity due to limited concentration of drug reaching to mucosal tissue and blocking of drug penetration through the epithelial mucus surface of the cervix. Mucus in general functions as a protective barrier to for viruses and bacteria, but in cervical cancer condition it poses a serious issue for drug delivery modalities. Therefore, our study was aimed to develop a nanoparticle formulation that can effectively bind and penetrate the mucin barrier of the tissues for effective drug delivery applications. Methods: Iron oxide based magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared by precipitation of iron salts in the presence of ammonia with subsequent coating with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and/or pluronic polymer (F127). Four different compositions of MNP formulations, plain MNPs, MNPs with β-CD (MNP+βCD), MNPs with F127 (MNP+F127), and MNPs with β-CD and F127 (MNP+βCD-F127) were formulated for this study. Particle size, distribution, and zeta potential of MNPs and MNP-mucin were measured using the Zetasizer based on dynamic light scattering technique, mucin binding ability of MNPs was measured using SpectraMax M2e plate reader, migration of MNPs in the presence of mucin was measured using Boyden chamber assay, and tissue uptake/internalization was measured by Prussian blue staining and fluorescence techniques. Results: Among four different formulations (MNPs, MNPs+βCD, MNP+F127, and MNP+βCD-F127), MNP+βCD-F127 formulation is unique due to its triple layered composition. This MNP formulation was prevented from aggregation in particle size anaysis in solution, indicating its dispersive nature along with penetration compatibility in mucus network. Instantaneous and long term mucin binding experiments suggest that MNP+βCD-F127 nanoparticles strongly interacted with mucin layer. Further, our mucin incubated nanoparticles effectively pass through membrane in Boyden chamber migration assay. Moreover, tissue uptake/internalization studies demonstrated an efficient penetration of MNP+βCD-F127 nanoparticles through mucin layer. Conclusion: All above biophysical properties of MNP+βCD-F127 nanoparticles demonstrate that our unique formulation can bind and penetrate the mucus barrier. This study suggest that this unique nanoparticle formulation could a good candidate for local drug delivery applications for overcoing problems associated with cervical cancer treatment. Citation Format: Viajayakumar N. Boya, Renn Lovett, Saini Satua, Vaibhav Gandhi, Prashanth K.B. Nagesh, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu. Mucopenetrating magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2197.
Metal Exposures at three U.S. electronic scrap recycling facilities

ABSTRACTMany metals found in electronic scrap are known to cause serious health effects, including but not limited to cancer and respiratory, neurologic, renal, and reproductive damage. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention performed three health hazard evaluations at electronic scrap recycling facilities in the U.S. to characterize employee exposure to metals and recommend control strategies to reduce these exposures. We performed air, surface, and biological monitoring for metals. We found one overexposure to lead and two overexposures to cadmium. We found metals on non-production surfaces, and the skin and clothing of workers before they left work in all of the facilities. We also found some elevated blood lead levels (above 10 micrograms per deciliter), however no employees at any facility had detectable mercury in their urine or exceeded 34% of the OELs for blood or urine cadmium. This article focuses on sampling results for lead, cadmiu...
Query Languages for Pictorial Database System

To store, retrieve, and manipulate a variety of pictorial data of huge volume, a pictorial database system is highly desirable. As the interface between the pictorial database system and its user, a picture query language is to support information retrieval, data entry and manipulation, data analysis, and output generation.
Minimizing Undesired Coupling and Interaction in Mixed Signal ICs.

This paper surveys techniques and strategies aimed at minimizing coupling and interaction on mixed-signal IC’s. Consideration is given to switching induced substrate coupling, power rail and i/o driver resonances, as well as near field capacitive and inductive interaction.
End Stage Renal Disease—A Nephrologist’s Perspective of Two Different Circumstances as Typified by Kidney Transplantation Experience in a Nigerian Hospital Versus a Large US Medical School

Renal transplantation is the sine qua non consummate form of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end stage renal disease (ESRD). Despite the increasing ESRD burden worldwide, developing countries continue to experience a gross lack of RRT options for its teeming citizens with ESRD. This report is a demonstration of a nephrologist’s experience and dilemma trying to make sense of the yawning disparity between RRT options, especially renal transplantation, as it applies to the citizens of the USA versus the citizens of Nigeria. The limited three-year experience of renal transplantation at Garki Hospital, located in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria, which is one of the very few centers carrying out renal transplantation in Nigeria, was starkly contrasted with this author’s first-hand experience at the University of Maryland Medical School, in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, as a Nephrology Fellow between 2000 and 2002. The potential role of public-private partnership (PPP) ventures in developing countries is considered as a way to help bridge this gap.
Abstract 074: Door to Balloon Time in Patients With ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction With and Without Cardiopulmonary Arrest: is Exclusion From Public Reporting Justified?

Background: Since 2006 the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services has allowed hospitals to exclude public reporting of door to balloon (D2B) time data for STEMI patients with cardiopulmonary arr...
Building the Bridge Between Advertising and Social Change

The Internet has increased the media’s presence in the lives of Americans by way of social media and video streaming websites. As Americans continue to access endless streams of media content, they are also constantly inundated with advertisements. Whether they are tucked away on the side of a webpage, embedded in newsfeeds, or unavoidable interruptions before video clips, advertisements have become significant in the everyday lives of Americans. Not only are they significant in frequency of appearance, but more importantly, as products of media, they possess meaningful cultural value. Scholar, Douglas Kellner rightfully argues that media and advertising provide the tools for us to forge our identities; our notions of gender, class, ethnicity and race, nationality, sexuality, and of ‘us’ and ‘them.’ Media images help shape our view of the world and our deepest values…and how to conform to the dominant system of norms, values, practices, and institutions”1(Kellner, 7). Due to the significant roles that media and advertising play in individuals identity formation and worldviews, it is necessary to consider the role that ads play in reproducing or maintaining hegemony. Utilizing James Lull’s definition of hegemony as “power or dominance that one social group has over others2” (Lull, 33), scholars have argued that advertisers, employed in an industry motivated by profit and once labeled as, “hidden persuaders,” have worked in favor of maintaining hegemony and the dominant ideology. (For the purposes of this paper, the dominant group is considered as being comprised of White, middle to upper class men who would like to maintain a capitalist based, patriarchal society and hegemony.) Historically, media corporations and advertising agencies have engaged in exclusive employment decisions by hiring mostly White, middle to upper-class males to fill executive positions. The business sector also has a history of being dominated by White men. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that corporations utilize the media as “tools to perpetuate their power, wealth and status3” (Lull, 33). However, despite the instinct to conclude that media corporations, belonging to and controlled by the dominant group, use their power to reproduce hegemony, recent advertisements challenge this assumption. Building the Bridge Between Advertising and Social Change by Jaquelin Salg is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
The Symbolic Meaning of Light in Eichendorff’s Das Marmorbild

Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff (1788–1857), author of poetry, novels, stories, epics, and a history of German literature, ranks as one of the most popular writers of late-German Romanticism. Both in his verse and in his prose, he probes the emotional depths of the Romantic mind while portraying primarily his own social class, the aristocracy. His is a world full of adventurous experiences, of miraculous turns of events, and yet, in spite of the etherial and carefree atmosphere of Eichendorff’s “world” which is very much akin to that of the fairy tale, the Christian, more precisely: the Roman Catholic perspective of his Weltanschauung alerts him to the fact that human passions and emotions are linked to man’s instinctual nature which can pose a threat to his mental balance. Thus the darker side of man stands in need — just like nature itself — of purification and redemption.
A novel planar UWB magneto-electric dipole

A novel planar magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna is presented for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The proposed structure consists of a co-excited self-complementary rounded edge bow-tie and a half-loop antenna. The self-complementary structure avoids the use of a balun and a tuning-matching circuit over an UWB, thus reducing the overall antenna size and the associated loss. CST simulations were performed. A prototype was fabricated and measured. Lab tests demonstrated the basic antenna performance.
Modeling and Characterization of 3D Heterogeneous Tissue Scaffolds

This paper presents a computer-aided modeling and characterization approach for design and evaluation of mechanical properties and structural heterogeneity of 3D tissue scaffolds. An outline of a computer-aided tissue engineering approach for biomimetic design and freeform fabrication of 3D tissue scaffold, a procedure of computer-aided characterization and a computational algorithm for implementing asymptotic homogenization theory, and its application for predicting the effective mechanical properties of heterogeneous PolY-E-Caprolactone scaffold fabricated through a novel precision extruding deposition process are presented.
Providing Culturally Competent Services to Visually Impaired Persons

Providing culturally competent services to visually impaired persons requires an understanding of the influence of culture on effective assessments and plans of action. This article examines seven ...
A kind of disassembled and reassembled, postmodern collective and personal self: Agency and the Insulin pump:

This article examines the interaction between the Insulin pump, a biotechnology device used to treat type one diabetes, and the human to whom it is attached. It asks what kinds of selves the pump–h...
Annals On Call - Primary Aldosteronism: How Often Are We Missing It?

In this episode of Annals On Call, Dr. Centor discusses primary aldosteronism and hypertension with Dr. David Calhoun. Recent evidence suggest we may be missing the diagnosis more often than we think.
Stroke Risk Factors in Women

Stroke is the leading cause of acquired adult disability worldwide and the fourth leading cause of death in women in developed countries. Approximately 60% of stroke deaths occur in women. Women have a number of unique risk factors for stroke, including pregnancy and its related complications, duration of reproductive life, use of oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormone therapy. Furthermore, the prevalence of traditional stroke risk factors and the strength of their association, varies by sex. Prior to stroke, women who develop stroke more commonly have atrial fibrillation, hypertension and migraine while men with stroke are more likely to have coronary artery and peripheral vascular disease. In this chapter we will focus specifically on risk factors for stroke in women.
Strategic importance of southern Africa to the United States

Prof Valentine J Belfiglio of the Department of History and Government at Texas Women's University, Denton, Texas, explores the strategic importance of southern Africa to the United States. He contends that the United States is more vulnerable to a boycott of minerals from southern Africa than to a boycott of petroleum, and examines possible options on which the United States could base its policy towards South Africa.
Localization in Ocean Acoustics: A Parametrically Adaptive Approach

The shallow ocean is a dynamically changing medium leading to nonstationary statistical behavior when subjected to temperature, wind, surface variations, bottom interactions, noise and extraneous disturbances as well as other conditions that render it a uniquely challenging environment — especially from a signal processing perspective. Processors must account for and adapt to such instantaneous changes in order to be effective. In this paper, we develop a parametrically adaptive, sequential Bayesian processor capable of jointly estimating both modal functions and environmental parameters to provide enhanced estimates for a focused optimizer capable locating a target in the noisy shallow ocean environment.
Line-locked concurrent file access with XML

Versioning systems like RCS and CVS represent two extremes in the approach to the problem of concurrent file access. One extreme is to lock files from other users while they are being used. The other approach is to allow complete access to all users, forcing them to sort out conflicts upon submitting files back to the system. The consequences of both approaches are undesirable. Users must either deal with restricted access or with manually resolving submissionconflicts. This paper outlines the design and implementation of a concurrent access system that combines the safety and simplicity of exclusive file locking with the ease of unrestricted access. Instead of adhering to either extreme, exclusive line locking is implemented as a compromise. Users may checkout unique spans of lines from a file, allowing concurrent access to a single file with no textual conflicts. XML is used both to maintain a file's access state as well as to simplify network communication via XML-RPC.
An infatuation with building things: Business strategies, linkages, and small city economic development in Manitoba

The establishment of a solid understanding of regional economic development has proved to be highly elusive. Research efforts within this area have focused largely on major urban areas, yet this somewhat narrow focus means that economic development activities in smaller urban centers have not received the attention that they deserve. This article investigates regional economic development within a small city context through a survey‐based study of the entrepreneurial ecosystems operating in two small cities in the province of Manitoba. The results indicate that many currently accepted bases of regional business community expansion, such as government support and development of local suppliers, have limited utility within these cities. Concurrently, business leader survey responses from the two cities reveal a unique set of factors that drive economic development success in this nonmetropolitan case study, keyed by the pivotal role of a unique mix of nonlocal linkages, local cultural resources, and social connections in catalyzing local business expansion. These findings indicate that business community growth in the study cities proceeds from a distinctive template relative to larger centers, and suggest that increased research attention is necessary to elucidate the bases of business success in a more diverse selection of successful small cities.
Coppola’s Monster Film: The Making of Apocalypse Now

Coppola’s Monster Film: The Making of Apocalypse Now Steven Travers. McFarland, 2016.Aside from Werner Herzog's Fitzcarraldo (1982), few films have as fascinating a production history as Francis Ford Coppola's Apocalypse Now (1979), documented in Eleanor Coppola's candid journal Notes on the making of the film (which forms the backbone of Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse [1991], surely one of the most acclaimed "making-of" documentaries ever made), as well as Peter Cowie's recommended The Apocalypse Now Book, published at the time of Apocalypse Now Redux s (2001) release. Coppola's Monster Film certainly repeats some details on the film's troubled production history, particularly with regard to the production's extravagance and Coppola's megalomania, but Steven Travers belies his subtitle, proving himself more interested in the cultural contexts that shaped the film's origins, as well as the ways it would forever change Hollywood.Travers has become quite the prolific author in recent years. Most of his books have covered sports history, but Travers has recently turned to film history, with his The Duke, the Longhorns, and Chairman Mao: John Wayne's Political Odyssey (2014), which examines the 1966 USC-Texas football game as a backdrop for Wayne's politics. Travers makes the connection to his previous work in his introduction to Coppola's Monster Film, although additional parallels become more evident throughout the latter book. Indeed, Travers intermittently exhibits his steady interest in the history of the USC and UCLA football programs, along with one of his main topics of discussion here, those respective schools' film programs.Travers writes of the ubiquity of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness in the "liberal" school curricula of the 1960s. Besides the obvious material on Coppola, other chapters address the significance of key figures associated with Apocalypse Now: George Lucas, John Milius, Robert Duvall, Martin Sheen, Dennis Hopper, and Marlon Brando, with his prima donna attitudes ("the ultimate difficult artist" [147]) and obesity. Travers even dedicates two whole chapters to Jim Morrison, who also attended UCLA's film school and whose music received a boost in popularity due to Apocalypse Now's popularity.Travers rightly points out the political import of a film like Apocalypse Now. John Milius, a "hardcore right-winger" (85), started adapting Heart of Darkness back in the 1960s. Following the success of American Graffiti (1973), Lucas was to have directed the film and would have if he had not already begun work on Star Wars. …
Microplastic particle versus fiber generation during photo-transformation in simulated seawater.

Abstract Microplastic particles and fibers are increasingly being detected in our surface and ground waters as well as within a wide range of aquatic species. Their presence in the environment is largely due to in situ generation from physical and chemical weathering of larger plastics, and thus has left environmental community concerned in the post-banned era of microbead use in personal care products through the passage of Microbead-Free Waters Act in the United States. To improve understanding of secondary microplastic formation, accelerated weathering has been conducted on four materials (high-density polyethylene, high impact polystyrene, nylon 6, and polypropylene) under ultraviolet radiation (equivalent to 44 days in full sun) in simulated seawater. Physical and chemical characterization of the plastics were completed following ultraviolet exposure. This simulated weathering generated microfibers from high-density polyethylene and nylon 6, while high impact polystyrene and polypropylene did not physically degrade. The techniques used were applied to sediment samples containing plastic pellets collected from Cox Creek in Port Comfort, TX (near a large plastics manufacturer), which were purified for analysis and were found to contain microplastics composed of polypropylene and polyethylene. These findings can be used to determine degradation pathways and plastic source tracking, which can facilitate risk assessment and environmental management.
Effect of IV Push Antibiotic Administration on Antibiotic Therapy Delays in Sepsis

Objectives Timeliness of antibiotic administration is recognized as an important factor in reducing mortality associated with sepsis. According to guidelines, antibiotics should be administered within 1 hour of sepsis presentation and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services mandates administration within 3 hours. This study evaluates the difference in time from sepsis diagnosis to first-dose completion of β-lactam antibiotics between IV push and IV piggyback administration. Design Single-center, retrospective analysis. Setting Urban, tertiary-care emergency department. Patients Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) adult patients (n = 274) diagnosed with severe sepsis or septic shock per Sepsis-2 criteria from September to November 2016 and from September to November 2017 and 2) received β-lactam antibiotic. Interventions Initial β-lactam agent administered as either IV push or IV piggyback. Measurements and main results Median time (interquartile range) from sepsis diagnosis to administration of a β-lactam antibiotic was 48 minutes (19-96 min) versus 72 minutes (8-180 min) and to administration of the complete broad-spectrum regimen was 108 minutes (66-144 min) versus 114 minutes (42-282 min) in the IV push (n = 143) versus IV piggyback (n = 131) groups, respectively. When controlling for time to sepsis diagnosis and other factors, IV push was associated with approximately 32-minute time savings to β-lactam (β = -0.60; 95% CI, -0.91 to -0.29) and approximately 32-minute time savings to broad-spectrum (β = -0.32; 95% CI, -0.62 to -0.02) antibiotic administrations. The IV push group was less likely to fail the goal of β-lactam antibiotics within 1 hour (44.6% vs 57.3%; odds ratio, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.34-3.86) and 3 hours (7.6% vs 24.5%; odds ratio, 4.31; 95% CI, 2.01-10.28) of sepsis diagnosis compared with IV piggyback. The IV push strategy did not affect mortality, need for ICU admission, or ICU length of stay. No adverse events, including infusion reactions, were found in either arm. Conclusions Use of an IV push strategy may safely facilitate more rapid administration of β-lactam antibiotics and may allow for better compliance with sepsis management guidelines.
Combined impacts of initial freezing rate of pork leg muscles (M. biceps femoris and M. semitendinosus) and subsequent freezing on quality characteristics of pork patties

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the combined impacts of initial sub-primal freezing with subsequent freezing of manufactured patties on meat quality attributes and oxidative stability. Patties were manufactured (n = 3 batches) from pork leg muscles (M. biceps femoris and M. semitendinosus) frozen at different methods including still-air freezing (SAF), blast freezing (BF), and cryogenic freezing (CF). Then, patties were subjected to additional freezing treatments. Frozen/thawed patties exhibited increased cooking loss, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness, lipid and protein oxidation, and decreased protein solubility compared to unfrozen counterparts (P .05), while significantly minimizing sub-primal thawing loss and oxidation compared to patties from SAF. The results of the present study suggest the importance of initial freezing rate of sub-primals with subsequent freezing on quality characteristics of frozen/thawed meat patties.
Assessment to Optimize Learning Strategies: A Qualitative Study of Student and Faculty Perceptions

Phenomenon: The format of medical knowledge assessment can promote students’ use of effective learning strategies from the learning sciences literature, such as elaboration, interleaving, retrieval...
Aducanumab, Amyloid Lowering, and Slowing of Alzheimer Disease.

Aducanumab (Aduhelm) was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD). The approval of aducanumab is controversial. We address why we support this decision and welcome the availability of aducanumab as an important therapy for patients with early AD.
Research on a Conformity Assessment Testing Method for Smart Distribution Transformer Terminal Software Application

This paper proposes a conformity assessment testing method for software application used in smart distribution transformer terminal. The terminal is a new kind of software-defined terminal which applications could be adjusted flexibly and cheaply. The terminal is applied in urban distribution network from the year 2019. Based on the general situation of smart distribution transformer terminal software application, the testing method is divided into two parts: source code testing and execution program testing. Then, this paper points out the basic technical principles that should be followed in the testing work, defines the software and hardware equipment needed to build the testing environment, and puts forward the specific testing methods and the analysis focus of the testing results. Finally, an example of smart distribution transformer terminal software application (APP) testing is given. The testing method has been used in the State Grid Corporation of China, nearly 30,000 smart transformer terminals in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces have been tested by this method, and the practice proves that the testing method is feasible. In future, the testing method also could be used in other software-defined distribution terminals unit, such as feeder terminal unit, data transfer unit, etc. It is an reliably guarantee for using software-defined technology in urban distribution network.
Through a Dark Glass, Illinois’ Budget Picture is Dire and Distorted

Illinois ended 2011 with a better financial situation than it faced a year earlier. However, the state began the year with a hole so deep that not even a massive tax increase and drastic spending cuts could come close to filling it. In this chapter, we use a carefully constructed model of the Illinois budget and detailed database about past revenue and expenditures to develop projections of future fiscal balance. This analysis delivers what is, perhaps, the headline message from our work: We find that maintaining increased income tax rates after they are scheduled to expire and extreme austerity with respect to spending could bring Illinois into fiscal balance by Fiscal Year 2019. We neither endorse nor reject this scenario but believe that it provides a useful baseline against which alternative fiscal plans can be measured. Unfortunately, Illinois’ accounting and budgeting practices have not promoted good fiscal behavior and sometimes obscure the nature and extent of its fiscal challenges. Illinois still has about $4 billion in unpaid General Funds bills, and no financial plan to deal with the backlog. 1 A major tax increase in January 2011 brought increased income tax receipts, but federal aid is down because the national stimulus plan has ended. General Funds spending was capped at 2 percent, but Illinois has more than 600 other funds that have no cap on growth. The state comptroller’s website reports the deficits in the General Revenue Fund, but no one officially reports deficits in the non-General Funds. The good news is that policy solutions to address a budget gap on the order of $10 billion are potentially available. We estimate that if the large increases in income tax rates adopted in January 2011 are not phased out and if the growth in total state spending can be kept down to the consumer price inflation rate, the budget gap could be eliminated within 10 years. The sobering news is there are no quick or easy solutions for Illinois. Bringing Illinois’ budget into balance will impose great political, economic, and human costs for many years to come.
Archimedes : what did he do besides cry eureka?

1. The life of Archimedes 2. The lever 3. The centre of gravity 4. Big literary find in Constantinople 5. The mechanical method 6. Two sums 7. The parabola 8. Floating bodies 9. The spiral 10. The ball 11. Archimedes traps p.
Governing Sports in the Global Era: A Political Economy of Major League Baseball and its Stakeholders

The globalization of professional sports, such as Major League Baseball (MLB), raises anew the issue of how international associations, nation-states, and national sports leagues should or could share responsibilities for the management of a sport. Underpinning this issue is how sports governance systems represent the interests of club owners, players, fans, other affected businesses, and the public interest of different societies. Developing governance systems that include the varied interests of these diverse stakeholders has become more complex now that the leagues in separate nations are themselves developing linkages with international organizations created to govern specific sports. Even baseball leagues in North America and Europe are developing international marketing programs that create transnational relationships. At the same time, international sports organizations exist for virtually every sport, and the governance of the world of sports has become exceedingly complex in the global era. For example, the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)1 is the international governing body for world soccer. FIFA is responsible for regulating the elite domestic soccer leagues in England, Italy, Spain, and Germany, each of which markets team products internationally and in countries where they do not have teams. Unlike the baseball and hockey leagues in North America, the English Premiership and the first-division national leagues of Italy, Spain, and Germany do not have teams in other countries.2 Each of these elite soccer
Processing of Tactile Information in the Primate Brain

We discuss how the neural representation of surface features and objects are processed in the somatosensory system. Tactile perception begins with the activation of four functionally distinct cutaneous mechanoreceptive afferent systems. The SA1 system provides a high-quality neural image of the spatial structure of surfaces and is the basis for form and texture perception. The RA system provides a neural image of motion across the skin and is important for grip control. The PC system provides a neural image of events transmitted to the hand through probes and tools. The SA2 system provides a neural image of skin stretch which plays a role in the perception of hand conformation. Information from these four systems flows centrally where it is processed by neurons in SI and SII cortex. Neurons in area 3b of SI cortex have receptive fields confined to single fingers and are selectively responsive to local spatial gradients. Neurons in SII cortex have large receptive fields that span multiple fingers on one or both hands. These neurons have complex responses and many neurons have position-invariant responses to oriented bars. Selective attention has progressively larger effects as the information flows centrally. In SII, attention effects both the firing rates and temporal patterning of the neural responses. Keywords: attention; mechanoreceptive; shape; somatosensory; tactile; texture; touch; vibration
Should the neuroscience community make a paradigm shift to sharing primary data

The author outlines the pros and cons of data sharing for neuroscientists and argues that continued progress in the field will depend on a cultural shift toward making primary data freely available. He argues in favor of distributed databases to maximize the efficient use of data.
Payments in Lieu of Taxes: Congress's Flawed Solution to the Burden of Federal Land Ownership

The federal government makes Payments in Lieu of Taxes (“PILT”) to local governments to help ease the tax burden of federal ownership of land. Because federally owned land is nontaxable, PILT payments are intended to compensate local governments for losses in property taxes due to federal ownership of land within local governments’ boundaries. This Article explains the history and application of the PILT program, analyzes the equity and efficiency of the legislation, concludes that certain aspects of the PILT Act are both inequitable and inefficient, and proposes appropriate revisions. Specifically, this Article concludes and proposes the following: (1) shifting to a tax equivalency payment system based on states’ property valuation laws would be too complicated and inefficient, despite the benefit that such a program would provide more consistent, foreseeable payments to local governments; (2) PILT payments unjustifiably discriminate against less populated counties that contain substantial federal acreage, so the PILT calculation method should be revised to remedy this discrimination; (3) PILT distribution methods creates an inefficient incentive for states to form alternative political subdivisions to maximize payments, so this incentive should be eliminated; and (4) Congress must find a long-term funding solution so that local governments can rely on PILT payments in their long-term planning endeavors.
Developing and evaluating abstractions for distributed supercomputing

To fully realize its potential, distributed supercomputing requires abstractions and environments facilitating development of efficient applications. In this paper we present PARDIS, a system which addresses this demand by providing support for interoperability of PARallel DIStributed applications. The design of PARDIS is based on the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). Like CORBA, it provides interoperability between heterogeneous components by specifying their interfaces in a meta-language, the CORBA IDL, which can be translated into the language of interacting components. However, PARDIS extends the CORBA object model by introducing SPMD objects representing data-parallel computations. This extension allows us to build interactions involving data-parallel components, which exchange distributed data structures whose definitions are captured by distributed sequences. We present microbenchmark results which evaluate the performance potential of SPMD objects for data structures of diverse complexity and different network configurations. Based on these results, we conclude that while encapsulating the existence of multiple interactions SPMD objects also allow their efficient utilization, and therefore constitute a useful abstraction.
Ohnmacht; Stokes-Adamssche Anfälle

Die Funktionen des Zentralnervensystems und die Erhaltung des Bewustseins hangen von einer ausreichenden Blutversorgung ab. Demnach sind Ohnmachtsanfalle eine naturliche Folge bestimmter Zirkulationsstorungen
Effects of cyclopiazonic acid on cytosolic calcium in bovine airway smooth muscle cells.

In many cells, inhibition of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase activity induces a steady-state increase in cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) that is sustained by calcium influx. The g...
The Performance Consequences of CEO Turnover

Previous research on executive turnover treats the departures of predecessors and the origin of successors as independent events. This approach has led to mixed empirical findings with respect to measuring the effects of executive turnover on firm performance. Using a longitudinal data set, we show that the conditions under which the predecessor departs (forced versus natural turnover) and the origin of the successor (insider versus outsider) are theoretically coupled phenomena with distinct combinations leading to differences in subsequent performance.
PC-Link historical data base system MODCOMP/IBM at link for neutral particle beam operation

PC-Link is a combination of hardware and software that connects an IBM PC/AT to a MODCOMP minicomputer. It is designed as an aid to the neutral beam operations coordinator during injection into the DIII-D tokamak project. An IBM PC/AT is linked to four MODCOMP real-time acquisition systems, each of which controls two neutral particle-beam sources. At various points in the shot sequence, data is sent to the IBM PC/AT. This data can be integrated with the data from the other sources into tables or graphics displays for use by the beam coordinator. In this way, the coordinator gets real-time feedback on the relative settings and performance of the sources and can observe trends within a particular source at one location. The PC-Link is used for observing relative timing information and for post-shot historical archiving. The PC-Link receives approximately 2 kB of data per source per shot. This data is converted from MODCOMP format to IBM PC format and archived to disk. The last 280 shots per source are stored to disk to observe trends. The data can be displayed in a number of formats depending upon the situation. >
Observation of moving wave packets reveals their quantum state.

We show how to infer the quantum state of a wave packet from position probability distributions measured during the packet{close_quote}s motion in an arbitrary potential. We assume a nonrelativistic one-dimensional or radial wave packet. Temporal Fourier transformation and spatial sampling with respect to a newly found set of functions project the density-matrix elements out of the probability distributions. The sampling functions are derivatives of products of regular and irregular wave functions. We note that the ability to infer quantum states in this way depends on the structure of the Schr{umlt o}dinger equation. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
Features of the cusp energetic particle events

Abstract In 1996, the POLAR spacecraft discovered a new phenomenon called a cusp energetic particle (CEP) event, in which the He ions had energies up to 8 MeV. A total of 75 CEP events have been reported (Chen et al., 1998). The CEP events showed six unusual features: (1) They were detected in the high altitude dayside cusp; (2) large fluxes of energetic (> 20 keV) ions were observed for periods of hours where such “trapped” ions should not be stably trapped; (3) the associated magnetic field was turbulent and greatly depressed appearing to reach a null value in many cases; (4) the 1–200 keV/e helium ions are He++; (5) compared to O>+2, the O
The street team: An unconventional peer program for undergraduates

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on a program being developed by the Texas A&M University business librarians to employ a street team construct to promote the resources and services of the Texas A&M University's West Campus Business Library and to leverage the importance of “peer relationship” so evident in today's university student.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a descriptive analysis of the program.Findings – This unique marketing program seeks to increase the awareness of Texas A&M University business students to the resources and services of the West Campus Business Library. By tapping into the youthful energy of these very students, the program proposes to utilize cutting edge cultural and social trends that are aimed to improve communications with its most important customers.Practical implications – The program seeks to improve communication with students at an extremely low cost.Originality/value – Discussion includes the rationale for adopting the guerilla marketing t...
Beyond ‘unloving care’: linking human resource management and patient care quality in nursing homes

This study examines the link between human resource management, (HRM), work organization and patient care quality in US long-term care settings, proposing a key role for both management philosophy and improved front-line staffing arrangements in delivering consistently higher quality care, defined to include both physical and psychological outcomes. Using the ‘high performance’ model from industrial relations as a lens, the paper identifies three distinct systems of HR and nursing-home management: traditional low-service quality, high service quality medical rehabilitative and ‘new paradigm regenerative’. The original research includes case studies conducted in twenty facilities in California and Pennsylvania, USA.