cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sport and physical activity participation and substance use among adolescents

Abstract Purpose To examine the association between participation in specific school-sponsored sports and out-of-school sports/physical activities and substance use. Methods Subjects consisted of 891 8th grade youth from three schools. Baseline data were collected using the Youth Alcohol & Drug Survey (2000) and following standardized protocols. Logistic regressions were conducted to identify associations between the independent variables of school-sponsored sports, and out-of-school sports/physical activities, and each of the four substance use dependent variables, while controlling for race. Additionally, logistic regressions were run separately for males and females to examine gender differences. Results Participation in any one of seven specific sports/physical activities was associated with increased substance use for one or both genders, whereas participation in any one of four other specific sports/physical activities was associated with decreased use for one or both genders. Those sports associated with increased use differed for males and females, as did those associated with decreased use. Females in school-sponsored dance/cheerleading/gymnastics were at decreased risk of alcohol use, whereas those in out-of-school dance/cheerleading/ gymnastics, skateboarding or surfing were at increased risk for using at least one substance. Males in out-of-school swimming were at decreased risk of heavy alcohol use, whereas those in school-sponsored football, swimming, wrestling or out-of-school tennis were at increased risk for using at least one substance. Conclusions Educators cannot assume all sports/physical activities have a positive relationship with youth substance use. School-sponsored, male-dominated sports appeared to be associated with an increased substance use risk for males, whereas out-of-school, mixed-gender sports appeared to be for females.
Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Encoded Protein Kinase and Its Interaction with K-bZIP

The oncogenic herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, also identified as human herpesvirus 8, contains genes producing proteins that control transcription and influence cell signaling. Open reading frame 36 (ORF36) of this virus encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase, which is designated the viral protein kinase (vPK). Our recent efforts to elucidate the role of vPK in the viral life cycle have focused on identifying viral protein substrates and determining the effects of vPK-mediated phosphorylation on specific steps in viral replication. The vPK gene was transcribed into 4.2-kb and 3.6-kb mRNAs during the early and late phases of viral reactivation. vPK is colocalized with viral DNA replication/transcription compartments as marked by a polymerase processivity factor, and K-bZIP, a protein known to bind the viral DNA replication origin (Ori-Lyt) and to regulate viral transcription. The vPK physically associated with and strongly phosphorylated K-bZIP at threonine 111, a site also recognized by the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk2. Both K-bZIP and vPK were corecruited to viral promoters targeted by K-bZIP as well as to the Ori-Lyt region. Phosphorylation of K-bZIP by vPK had a negative impact on K-bZIP transcription repression activity. The extent of posttranslational modification of K-bZIP by sumoylation, a process that influences its repression function, was decreased by vPK phosphorylation at threonine 111. Our data thus identify a new role of vPK as a modulator of viral transcription.
Analysis and optimization of NBTI induced clock skew in gated clock trees

NBTI (Negative Bias Temperature Instability) has emerged as the dominant PMOS device failure mechanism for sub-100nm VLSI designs. There is little research to quantify its impact on skew of clock trees. This paper demonstrates a mathematical framework to compute the impact of NBTI on gating-enabled clock tree considering their workload dependent temperature variation. Circuit design techniques are proposed to deal with NBTI induced clock skew by achieving balance in NBTI degradation of clock devices. Our technique achieves up-to 70% reduction in clock skew degradation with miniscule (≪0.1%) power and area penalty.
Myocardium and BMP signaling are required for endocardial differentiation

Endocardial and myocardial progenitors originate in distinct regions of the anterior lateral plate mesoderm and migrate to the midline where they coalesce to form the cardiac tube. Endocardial progenitors acquire a molecular identity distinct from other vascular endothelial cells and initiate expression of specific genes such as nfatc1. Yet the molecular pathways and tissue interactions involved in establishing endocardial identity are poorly understood. The endocardium develops in tight association with cardiomyocytes. To test for a potential role of the myocardium in endocardial morphogenesis, we used two different zebrafish models deficient in cardiomyocytes: the hand2 mutant and a myocardial-specific genetic ablation method. We show that in hand2 mutants endocardial progenitors migrate to the midline but fail to assemble into a cardiac cone and do not express markers of differentiated endocardium. Endocardial differentiation defects were rescued by myocardial but not endocardial-specific expression of hand2. In metronidazole-treated myl7:nitroreductase embryos, myocardial cells were targeted for apoptosis, which resulted in the loss of endocardial nfatc1 expression. However, endocardial cells were present and retained expression of general vascular endothelial markers. We further identified bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) as a candidate myocardium-derived signal required for endocardial differentiation. Chemical and genetic inhibition of BMP signaling at the tailbud stage resulted in severe inhibition of endocardial differentiation while there was little effect on myocardial development. Heat-shock-induced bmp2b expression rescued endocardial nfatc1 expression in hand2 mutants and in myocardium-depleted embryos. Our results indicate that the myocardium is crucial for endocardial morphogenesis and differentiation, and identify BMP as a signal involved in endocardial differentiation.
Mechanical considerations for reliable interfaces in next generation electronics packaging

The author reviews some basic mechanical design approaches available to assure reliable interfaces within and between packaging levels in the chip, package, and circuit-board assemblies. While the approaches can be applied to traditional circuit-board and hybrid assemblies emphasis is placed on the hybrid wafer-scale integration multichip module packaging technologies. It is concluded that a combination of recently available packaging materials of improved properties, recently developed improved analysis techniques, and the advantages of the new hybrid wafer-scale integration technology offers the opportunity to design significantly improved reliability into the next generation of military electronic equipment. Additionally, the equipment size and weight can be reduced significantly. A dramatic demonstration of the miniaturization possible with these technologies was made on a miniaturized version of a GPS (global positioning system) receiver. >
Systemic Spironucleosis in 2 Immunodeficient Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)

Spironucleus spp are parasites of fish and terrestrial vertebrates, including mice and turkeys, that rarely cause extraintestinal disease. Two rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were experimentally inoculated with simian immunodeficiency virus mac251. Both progressed to simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome within 1 year of inoculation and developed systemic protozoal infections in addition to common opportunistic infections, including rhesus cytomegalovirus, rhesus lymphocryptovirus, and rhesus adenovirus. In the first case, the protozoa were associated with colitis, multifocal abdominal abscessation, and lymphadenitis. In the second case, they were one of a number of organisms associated with extensive pyogranulomatous pneumonia and colitis. Ultrastructural, molecular, and phylogenetic analysis revealed the causative organism to be a species of Spironucleus closely related to Spironucleus meleagridis of turkeys. This report is the first of extraintestinal infection with Spironucleus sp in higher mammals and expands the list of opportunistic infections found in immunocompromised rhesus macaques.
Convergence results for an adaptive dead zone inverse

In this paper, an adaptive dead zone inverse is proposed for control of systems containing an unknown dead zone. It is shown that the effect of the unknown dead zone on the closed-loop control system can be eliminated asymptotically if both input and output measurements of the dead zone are available. Two schemes are proposed along with their convergence and robustness analyses. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mining the Arabidopsis thaliana genome for highly-divergent seven transmembrane receptors

To identify divergent seven-transmembrane receptor (7TMR) candidates from the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, multiple protein classification methods were combined, including both alignment-based and alignment-free classifiers. This resolved problems in optimally training individual classifiers using limited and divergent samples, and increased stringency for candidate proteins. We identified 394 proteins as 7TMR candidates and highlighted 54 with corresponding expression patterns for further investigation.
A model of aerobic fungal growth in silage. 1. Microbial characteristics.

The components of a simulation model of mesophilic and thermophilic yeast and mould growth in aerobically deteriorating silage are presented. The purpose of the model is to examine the relative roles of yeasts and moulds in deterioration and the factors affecting aerobic stability. Information for the model was based on literature studies. Growth of the fungi was assumed to be affected by temperature, pH, water activity, and lactic and acetic acid concentrations. The substrates utilized in the model, in order of preference, were water-soluble carbohydrates, ethanol, lactic acid and acetic acid. Gas movement and heat transfer were not considered. Consequently, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations were assumed to be those for open air, and the heat of respiration retained in the silage was set as a constant percentage of that released by fungal growth. Based on the relationships developed for the model, pH affects yeast growth minimally and does not affect mould growth at all. Water activity over the range in silage affects yeast growth more than mould growth, but affects neither one strongly. Undissociated lactic and acetic acids decrease growth rate and may be important factors in silage stability. Compared with moulds, yeast growth rates are less affected by suboptimum temperatures but are more sensitive to temperatures in excess of the optimum. A succeeding study compares the model with published aerobic deterioration studies and examines the predicted succession of microbial groups and the variation in silage stability as affected by silage parameters, initial temperature, and initial microbial populations.
A problem-based learning pathway for medical students: improving the process through action research.

Introduction: Problem-based learning (PBL) is student-centred, self-directed and collabora- tive. In medical education it is based on clinical cases and is widely considered to facilitate the development of key professional competencies. Whilst PBL is extensively employed in medical schools worldwide, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine is one of very few schools that offer it to pre-clinical students as a major pathway of study. We have identified several problems associated with implementation of the programme and attempted to provide solutions with 3 new learning tools. In this study we use action research to evaluate the success of our strategy. Methods: We examined the students' perception of the effectiveness of case-based formative assessment, case-based "question and answer" workshops, and reviews of annotated examina- tions as learning tools, using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Results: A majority of both first- and second-year students perceived all 3 learning tools to be helpful. In general, the most positive responses were received from second-year students. First-year students evaluated case- based formative assessments more positively when they were about to take examinations. Conclusions: Case-based formative assessments, case-based workshops and reviews of annotated examinations were perceived as helpful learning tools by both first- and second-year medical students in PBL learning pathways. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2006;35:642-6
Advanced computational methods for simulating chemical reactions

The Interpolative Moving Least Squares (IMLS) fitting scheme is being developed for the purpose of fitting potential energy surfaces used in chemistry. IMLS allows for automatic surface generation in which the fitting method selects the positions at which expensive electronic structure calculations determine specific values on the surface. The resulting surfaces are necessary for accurate kinetics and dynamics.
Inclusion body myositis

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is usually refractory to immunosuppressive therapy; however, a few reports suggest that a minority of patients with IBM may have a partial, transient response or that therapy may slow progression. Therefore, although we generally discourage the use of immunosuppressive therapy for IBM, if the patient is willing to accept the potential side effects of therapy, a 3- to 6-month trial of oral prednisone can be attempted: 100 mg/d for 2 to 4 weeks, then 100 mg every other day for 2 to 3 months. If prednisone alone produces no improvement after 3 months, oral methotrexate can be added: 10 to 15 mg/wk for 6 to 12 months. If there is no objective clinical improvement in strength after a trial of prednisone alone or prednisone plus methotrexate over the course of 6 to 12 months, we discontinue pharmacologic therapy. Because of the great expense, relative lack of availability, and minimal evidence of benefit of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), we do not recommend this form of immunomodulating therapy for IBM.
Epistemic Boomerang: Expert Policy Advice As Leverage in the Campaign Against Transgenic Maize in Mexico

This article introduces the term "epistemic boomerang" to describe a distinctive pattern of activism in which activists, frustrated by exclusion from national politics, attempt to mobilize expert advice in support of social goals. Using expertise as leverage can be a desirable option for activists when political authorities favor technocratic decision making. Epistemic boomerang formation is possible when expert organizations encourage citizen participation in agenda setting and spaces are made for encounters between experts and activists. These processes are evident in the contentious politics of genetically engineered maize in Mexico. In this case, maize producers and community activists mobilized to confront an expert advisory group assembled by the tri-national Commission for Environmental Cooperation. As a result, the values and perspectives of many of the protesters were conveyed in the expert report and recommendations. This article examines the political outcomes of this epistemic boomerang and co...
Socially Responsible Investing by Universities and Colleges

We analyze the socially responsible investing (SRI) practices of universities and colleges. Although SRI may align with an institution's mission and enhance its “brand,” these activities may also arise from agency problems. We find evidence of both effects. Consistent with branding effects, we find significant differences between independent and church-affiliated schools, we find that highly selective and elite schools do not seek differentiation through SRI and are unlikely to sacrifice returns for SRI, and we find that Less Selective schools appear to regard costs of SRI as branding investments. Consistent with agency problems, attributes of investment committees bear on policy choices. For independent schools, larger committees and those where professional representation is low are likely to screen, allow sustainability considerations to influence investment choices, and vote proxies along SRI lines. “Social boards,” those with more alumni and less investments expertise, appear more oriented toward generating donations and less focused on investment policy.
Modeling of Fire for Risk Assessment in Petrochemical Industries

The assessment of potential hazards from chemical plants plays a relevant role for the establishment of safety measures to protect the plant personel and the public from the consequences of an accidental release of toxic or inflammable materials. Fire is a major hazard in process plants. Hence risk assessment has to focus on the probabilities and the consequences of large fires in chemical and petrochemical installations.
Eagle Finance Corp (a)

This case and its companion (UVA-F-1102) provide comprehensive coverage of a firm's decision to undertake an initial public offering (IPO). The company is a nonregulated financial firm in a rapidly growing area of consumer finance (high credit-risk automobile loans). The A case follows the firm from its first meeting with investment bankers to the determination of a preliminary IPO price range. In the B case, the firm's "road show" encounters a "cold-issue" market, and Eagle is unable to sell its shares at a price near the preliminary file range. Management is confronted with the tough choice of whether to proceed with the IPO or cancel it. The cases provide a rich opportunity to compare management's internal valuation of the firm (derived from market multiples and discounted cash-flow analysis) with the market's assessment of value. Excel spreadsheet files are available for use with this case (UVA-S-F-1095) and its teaching note.
Identifying Factors to Improve Transportation Asset Management Program Sustainment: Applying Implementation Research and Change Management Principles

Reauthorization of the national surface transportation legislation in the United States in 2012 included a requirement for agencies to develop transportation asset management (TAM) plans for the first time. Research on policy implementation and organizational theory has shown that agencies can respond to this kind of legislative mandate with ineffective efforts to achieve legitimacy, reducing the likelihood for program sustainment in the long term. Without sustainment, the benefits of TAM, which are mostly long term, may not be fully realized. The objective of this work is to identify factors that can improve the extent to which TAM programs are maintained within the business operations of departments of transportation (DOTs) by examining TAM implementation historically and through the lenses of policy and program implementation research and organizational change management theories. Ten factors were identified that can promote sustainment and longevity of TAM programs in the business processes of DOTs; t...
Educational Perspectives: A Systematic Approach to Curriculum Development

This review presents a systematic approach to curriculum development, divided into five steps: 1) perform a needs assessment, 2) define the goals and learning objectives, 3) identify resources, 4) develop educational strategies and implement the curriculum, and 5) evaluate and modify the curriculum. Although the curriculum developmental stages are presented in five ordered steps, curriculum development is actually a dynamic, interactive process, in which development of one step naturally affects other steps. Learners are central to this process, and with each step, the instructor needs to be mindful of the learners9 needs and prior experiences, using a variety of educational strategies to reach trainees with different learning styles.
Isolation of mumps virus from the blood of a patient.

SummaryThe virus of mumps was isolated from the blood of a patient with bilateral parotid swelling through culture in embryo-nated eggs. Inhibition of hemagglutination and complement fixation tests confirmed the clinical diagnosis and identified the agent as the mumps virus.
Rotaxane-Based Molecular Muscles

ConspectusMore than two decades of investigating the chemistry of bistable mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), such as rotaxanes and catenanes, has led to the advent of numerous molecular switches that express controlled translational or circumrotational movement on the nanoscale. Directed motion at this scale is an essential feature of many biomolecular assemblies known as molecular machines, which carry out essential life-sustaining functions of the cell. It follows that the use of bistable MIMs as artificial molecular machines (AMMs) has been long anticipated. This objective is rarely achieved, however, because of challenges associated with coupling the directed motions of mechanical switches with other systems on which they can perform work.A natural source of inspiration for designing AMMs is muscle tissue, since it is a material that relies on the hierarchical organization of molecular machines (myosin) and filaments (actin) to produce the force and motion that underpin locomotion, circulatio...
Enhanced Host Defense Mechanisms with Levamisole in Suckling Rats

Levamisole, a synthetically produced anthelminthic agent, was administered to suckling rats that were challenged with bacterial and viral pathogens. There was no in vitro antibacterial or antiviral effect of the drug. However, enhanced survival was demonstrated in those animals treated with levamisole and challenged with Staphylococcus aureus or herpes simplex virus. The mechanism for protection against the bacteria appears to be enhancement of the primary inflammatory response. The mechanism for protection against herpes simplex virus is not yet understood.
Progeny Review An Alternative Approach for Examining the Replication of Intervention Studies in Special Education

Despite the importance of replication for building an evidence base, there has been no formal examination to date of replication research in special education. In this review, we examined the extent and nature of replication of intervention research in special education using an “article progeny” approach and a three-pronged definition of replication (direct, conceptual, intervention overlap). In this approach, original articles (i.e., parent studies) were selected via a stratified, random sampling procedure. Next, we examined all articles that referenced the parent articles (i.e., child studies) to determine the extent and nature of the replication of the original studies. Seventy-five percent of the parent studies were replicated by at least one child study. Across all parent studies, there were 39 replication child studies. Although there was a high overall replication rate, there were a limited number of conceptual replications, and no direct replication studies were identified.
Reliability Forecast of Electronic Energy Meter Based on Component Stress Method

How to forecast the reliability of electronic energy meter is a hot problem for electric power corporation.Reliability forecast methods are introduced,and the reliability forecast model and failure model for electronic energy meter based on component stress method is emphatically discussed.The method and step of reliability forecast based on component stress method and suggestions on how to proceeds the reliability forecast work are proposed,which provide an effective approach for the quality assessment of electronic energy meter in electric power corporation.
The relationship between chronic stress during pregnancy and N-methyl-D-aspartate ( NMDA) induced seizures in rat pups

Objective To explore the relationship between the stress during pregnancy and the NMDA-induced spasm.Methods The pregnant rats were divided into two groups: pregnant control group(PC group)and pregnatal stress group(PS group).The rats in PS group were forced to swim in cold water of 4℃ for five minutes.Pups of the two groups were injected NMDA 7mg / kg intraperitoneally on postnatal day 13 to induced infantile spasm-like attacks.Then the clinical behavior of pups of the two groups were observed and recorded.The ultrastructure of mitochondria was detected with scan-ning electron and appearance of neurons was observed with HE staining.NMDA receptor and its subuniforms(NR2A,NR2B) in hippocampus,cerebral cortex,hypothalamus and raphe nucleus of brainstem were estimated by immunohisto-chemistry.Results The average score of pups in PS group is higher than in PC group(7.84 ± 1.01 vs 5.90 ± 1.12).There were swelling neurons and no cytonecrosis in hippocampuss of both two groups.The ultrastructure of mitochondria in hip-pocampuss and raphe nucleus of brainstem showed great changes in pups of PS group as membrane in mitochondria of pups in PS group.NR1,NR2A and NR2B distributed mainly on the membrane and also in cytoplasm and cellular nucleus.The NR1 expressions in hippocampus,cerebral cortex,hypothalamus and raphe nucleus in pups of PS group were elevated than those of PC group and the P value is 0.001,0.009,0.015,0.001 respectively.The NR2B expressions in hippocam-pus,cerebral cortex hypothalamus and raphe nucleus in pups of PS group were elevated than those of PC group and the Pvalue is 0.004,0.002,0.003,0.002 separately.NR2A expressed more in hippocampus in pups of PS group than that in PC group,but there was no difference in cerebral cortex,hypothalamus and raphe nucleus between two groups and the Pvalue is separately 0.006,0.067,0.7,0.5.Conclusions The mitochondria of neurons in rat pup were hurt by maternal severe stress during pregnancy,which made the energy metabolism of neurons changed.Maternal stress can also elevate the expression of NR1,NR2A and NR2B in cerebral cortex,brainstem and hippocampus and increase the morbidity of infantile spasm-like attacks.
Analysis of 451 cases chromosome karyotype of chorionic villi samples at early pregnancy

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of analyzing karotypes of chorionic villus samples in early prenatal diagnosis. Methods The pregnant women with the indications of prenatal diagnosis were performed transabdominal chorionic villus sampling via the guidance of B-mode ultrasound. Cytogenetic cultures, chromosome preparation and karyotyping were performed. Results 451 cases were successfully cultured, with the success rate of cell culture of 97.41%. 136 cases were found with abnormal karotypes , the overall incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was 30.16% . 79 of 136 women diagnosed with chromosome number abnormalities , of which 55 cases were autosome trisomys . 23 cases were with sex chromosome number abnormalities and one case was triploid. 11 women were diagnosed with chromosome structural abnormality , 16 were mosaic and 30 were chromosome polymorphism. Abnormal karotype results were most likely found in indications of ultrasound screening abnormal fetus and of parents who carried structural abnormal chromosomes. Conclusion Early pregnancy villi cell chromosome examination combined ultrasound and serum screening can detect fetal chromosome aberrations at an early stage and make early intervention possible , which has great significance for minimizing the birth of chromosome abnormal children.
Generating a statistically equivalent representative volume element with discrete defects

Abstract The random nature of the microstructural attributes in fabricated composite material gives rise to developing a representative volume element which incorporates the aforementioned randomness. In this paper we present a methodology for generating a realistic volume element with discrete defects that are statistically equivalent random defects in a Sic/SiNC samples. Data extracted from two dimensional cross-sectional micrographs leads to the geometric statistical characterization of stochastic micro-scale discontinuities. Three dimensional discrete ellipsoidal voids are then introduced to a defect-free eight-harness weave model based on the obtained statistical characteristics, using a Monte-Carlo simulation. The geometric parameters of the generated defects result in target statistics equivalent to that of the defects in the micrographs.
Communication in Support Groups

Support groups are collections of people who provide mutual support for each other regarding a shared characteristic or dilemma (Cline, 1999). Members can empathize with each other and legitimize experiences, share coping strategies and information, and provide a sense of community. Traditionally, support groups are small groups of people who meet face-to-face, but with today's technological advances, thousands of support groups have been created online. Although some investigations of the efficacy of support groups suggest that there are potential drawbacks of attending them, support groups can nonetheless provide a vast array of benefits for members. Keywords: communication; social support; support group
Opportunities to Learn: Give Children a Fighting Chance.

Opportunity to learn reflects the quality of resources, school conditions, and curriculum necessary to enable students to achieve. It has long been recognized that such opportunities differ signifi...
Designing Schedulers for Hard Real-Time Tasks

While synthesizing real-time schedulers on single processor systems using priority-based supervisory control of timed discrete-event systems (TDES), we came across the problem of state space explosion. In order to over-come it, a modified form of symbolic modeling methodology along with the pre-stable algorithm has been utilized in this work. The main contribution through this paper has been the development of an informal procedure for uniprocessor scheduler design with reduced state space for hard real-time tasks.
Plantas vasculares dos morros da Urca, Pão de Açúcar e Cara de Cão

Apresenta-se uma lista original das plantas vasculares para uso de botânicos e conservacionistas no Rio de Janeiro. Sao incluidas 90 familias e 198 especies, representadas por 104 ervas, 14 samambaias, 46 arbustos e 34 arvores. A lista foi preparada tendo por base determinacoes taxonomicas de material do Herbarium A. Castellanos (GUA) e Jardim Botânico (RB). As familias com maior numero de especies sao: Polypodiaceae (s.l.), Moraceae (s.L), Leguminosae, Euphorbiaceae, Melastomataceae, Rubiaceae, Compositae, Bromeliaceae, Gramineae, Araceae e Orchidaceae.
CORRELATES AND PREDICTORS OF ANTI-TRANSGENDER PREJUDICE

Research investigating etiology, or beliefs and values related to prejudice toward transgender individuals, is in the early stages. This study examined correlates and predictors of antitransgender prejudice from a sample of 298 undergraduates at a large, urban university in the Southeastern United States. Measures of traditional values and beliefs, such as right-wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation, as well as social identity factors, such as intergroup contact, intergroup anxiety, in-group identity, and contact apprehension toward transgender individuals were examined. Bivariate correlations revealed that right-wing authoritarianism, contact apprehension, and intergroup anxiety were strongly correlated with anti-transgender prejudice, using the Genderism Transphobia Scale Revised version (GTS-R; Tebbe & Moradi, 2014). Contact with gay men and lesbians yielded a moderate negative correlation with GTS-R. Contact with transgender individuals yielded a small, but significant negative correlation with GTS-R. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that contact apprehension, right-wing authoritarianism, and contact with gay men and lesbians were significant predictors of GTS-R. A post hoc mediation analysis revealed that contact apprehension significantly mediated the relationship between gender and anti-transgender prejudice. INDEX WORDS: Transgender, Prejudice, Counseling, Social identity, Ingroup identity, Intergroup contact, Intergroup anxiety, Contact apprehension, Right-wing authoritarianism, Social dominance orientation CORRELATES AND PREDICTORS OF ANTI-TRANSGENDER PREJUDICE
Conceptual and Biofunctional Embodiment: A Long Story on the Transience of the Enduring Mind.

We examine how embodiment in biological activity is different from conceptual embodiment as reflected in classic, modern, and postmodern perspectives on tacit knowledge. The central theme of the essay is how understanding is embodied conceptually and biofunctionally. We focus (a) on how biofunctional understanding is different from conceptual understanding and (b) on how the overall differences between these two types of embodied understanding are complementary. We show here from a conceptual perspective that embodiment theories have diverged on the meaning of embodiment; but convergence may be more likely across future perspectives if we first redefine the construct of tacit knowledge as tacit understanding and then define (explicit) conceptual understanding as being directly grounded in tacit understanding, for the purpose of comparison with biofunctional understanding defined as being grounded in biological activity. We illustrate the complementary differences between conceptual and biofunctional embodiment of understanding first in the absence of language and then using a particular statement format and the implicit analogy of biofunctional embodiment in other bodily systems. We conclude with a suggestion about the directly uncovered but highly related embodiment of language in a section on a future direction.
CRT-800.36 Comparison Of Clinical Characteristics Of Apical Versus Non-apical Takotsubo Syndrome

Takotsubo syndrome is an intriguing phenomenon of a transient, reversible heart failure syndrome. The classically described apical type has been extensively published, however the detailed characteristics of the non-apical variant type remains to be determined. We retrospectively reviewed 75 cases
Therapeutic Assessment with Adults, by Stephen E. Finn

Therapeutic Assessment with Adults is a roughly 90-min demonstration video with three parts. In the first part, there is a 12-min introduction in which Stephen Finn discusses Therapeutic Assessment...
Adult sex ratios and partner scarcity among hunter-gatherers: implications for dispersal patterns and the evolution of human sociality.

Small populations are susceptible to high genetic loads and random fluctuations in birth and death rates. While these selective forces can adversely affect their viability, small populations persist across taxa. Here, we investigate the resilience of small groups to demographic uncertainty, and specifically to fluctuations in adult sex ratio (ASR), partner availability and dispersal patterns. Using 25 years of demographic data for two Savannah Pume groups of South American hunter–gatherers, we show that in small human populations: (i) ASRs fluctuate substantially from year to year, but do not consistently trend in a sex-biased direction; (ii) the primary driver of local variation in partner availability is stochasticity in the sex ratio at maturity; and (iii) dispersal outside of the group is an important behavioural means to mediate locally constrained mating options. To then simulate conditions under which dispersal outside of the local group may have evolved, we develop two mathematical models. Model results predict that if the ASR is biased, the globally rarer sex should disperse. The model9s utility is then evaluated by applying our empirical data to this central prediction. The results are consistent with the observed hunter–gatherer pattern of variation in the sex that disperses. Together, these findings offer an alternative explanation to resource provisioning for the evolution of traits central to human sociality (e.g. flexible dispersal, bilocal post-marital residence and cooperation across local groups). We argue that in small populations, looking outside of one9s local group is necessary to find a mate and that, motivated by ASR imbalance, the alliances formed to facilitate the movement of partners are an important foundation for the human-typical pattern of network formation across local groups. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies’.
Soybean Genomic Libraries, TILLING, and Genetic Resources

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, providing a sustainable source of protein and oil. Development and utilization of large-scale chemical mutagenesis in soybean is a promising strategy to develop new soybean genetic resources (germplasm) without the regulatory hurdles of genetic modification. Mutagenized soybean populations can be used with high throughput screening by Targeted Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) to identify mutations within genes of interest. By correlating an altered phenotype to the occurrence of mutations within a corresponding gene, protein function can be elucidated without the requirement of genetic transformation. Mutagenized soybean populations and their genomic libraries have been successfully applied to the identification of a soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistance gene by correlating mutations within GmSHMT to a loss of SCN resistance, demonstrating that GmSHMT is the Rhg4 gene conferring SCN resistance. Additionally, by screening for mutations within genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, germplasm that accumulates high levels of oleic acid, stearic acid, or palmitic acid were discovered. Chemical mutagenesis as a forward genetics approach when coupled with TILLING as a reverse genetics approach has been proven to be a valuable tool for soybean researchers in the discovery and development of agronomically important traits.
Transcranial Doppler for Eagle Syndrome: Rare Presentation of Unilateral Internal Carotid Artery Compression by the Stylohyoid Ligament With Provocative Maneuvers:

Eagle syndrome is a rare condition caused by compression of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or cranial nerves by an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament. This patient is a 5...
UNSCR 1540 Implementation: Challenges Past and Present

This chapter seeks to set out the principal challenges in the implementation of resolution 1540. Using evidence from the resolutions, meeting records, Committee Chair’s briefings, and secondary sources, it argues that the challenges to implementation of the resolution have reflected both broader conceptual issues, and, more recently, practical implementation issues. The chapter begins by considering ‘broader challenges’ to the resolution’s implementation, notably those relating to political will. The second section considers challenges that are more practical in nature. The chapter will conclude with a final section looking at some opportunities that may help to overcome these challenges.
Heterogeneous Multi-Die Stitching Enabled by Fine-Pitch and Multi-Height Compressible Mircointerconnects (CMIs)

A high-density and a highly scalable heterogeneous multi-die integration technology is presented in this paper. Central to this approach is a dense and face-to-face integration of heterogeneous ICs enabled by fine-pitch and multi-height compressible microinterconnects (CMIs) and stitch chips, which serve as the interface through which communication between active ICs occurs. Two separate testbeds are fabricated in order to characterize the proposed integration technology: the first testbed demonstrates the concatenated assembly of chips using the stitch chips with fine-pitch CMIs (in-line pitch of $20~\mu \text{m}$ ), while the second testbed demonstrates the fabrication of multi-height CMIs (75-, 55-, and 30- $\mu \text{m}$ tall CMIs) on the same die. Electrical characterization, including resistance and S-parameters, and mechanical characterization of interconnects are reported as well as the assembly of the testbeds.
Changes in apoptotic gene expression induced by the DNA cross-linkers epichlorohydrin and diepoxybutane in human cell lines.

Abstract Real time quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to monitor changes in apoptotic gene expression after treating cells with the DNA cross-linkers epichlorohydrin (ECH) and diepoxybutane (DEB). This article presents the data obtained from application of the comparative CT method to the amplification of twelve apoptotic genes in human MCF10-A cells and eight genes in HUVEC cells. Further insight regarding the significance of these data can be found in “Cross-linking by epichlorohydrin and diepoxybutane correlates with cytotoxicity and leads to apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60) cells” (Le et al., 2018) [1] .
The Psychophysiology of Anxiety and Hedonic Affect: Motivational Specificity

As it is widely believed that the state of anxiety involves a massive activation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, clinical researchers frequently employ psychophysiological measures as indices of anxiety. Heart rate and electrodermal activity (EDA) are among the most widely used measures for this purpose, largely because of the ease with which they can be recorded. EDA refers to the electrical changes, especially an increase in conductivity, associated with sweat gland activity on the palmar and plantar surfaces. Since stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system produces an increase in both heart rate and palmar skin conductance, anxiety is assumed to produce increases in both (e.g., Martin & Sroufe, 1970).
Dense Linear Algebra on Accelerated Multicore Hardware

Design of systems exceeding 1 Pflop/s and inching towards 1 Eflop/s forced a dramatic shift in hardware design. Various physical and engineering constraints resulted in introduction of massive parallelism and functional hybridization with the use of accelerator units. This paradigm change brings about a serious challenge for application developers as the management of multicore proliferation and heterogeneity rests on software. And it is reasonable to expect that this situation will not change in the foreseeable future. This chapter presents a methodology of dealing with this issue in three common scenarios. In the context of shared-memory multicore installations, we show how high performance and scalability go hand in hand when the well-known linear algebra algorithms are recast in terms of Direct Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) which are then transparently scheduled at runtime inside the Parallel Linear Algebra Software for Multicore Architectures (PLASMA) project. Similarly, Matrix Algebra on GPU and Multicore Architectures (MAGMA) schedules DAG-driven computations on multicore processors and accelerators. Finally, Distributed PLASMA (DPLASMA), takes the approach to distributed-memory machines with the use of automatic dependence analysis and the Direct Acyclic Graph Engine (DAGuE) to deliver high performance at the scale of many thousands of cores.
Abstract 2636: Septal Myectomy after Previous Septal Artery Ablation

Introduction: Septal myectomy is the gold standard for relieving LVOT obstruction in HOCM. However, septal artery ablation has recently been shown to successfully relieve LVOT obstruction by creating a localized basal septal infarct. We identified 12 patients who failed septal artery ablation and subsequently underwent septal myectomy. We examined reasons for septal artery ablation failure and surgical outcome of septal myectomy after prior septal artery ablation. Methods: Between January 1999 and August 2005, 12 patients underwent septal myectomy after previously failed septal artery ablation. Angiograms during septal artery ablation, pre and post-operative echocardiographic data, hospital course and follow-up data were reviewed. Results: Mean time between septal artery ablation and septal myectomy was 575 ± 672 days. Angiograms at time of septal artery ablation revealed abnormal coronary anatomy in 89% of patients. This included: diminutive first septal arteries, large septal artery coursing through to the apex requiring ablation of small branches, origination of the first septal artery from a too distal location. SAM was present in 11 patients before septal myectomy and 4 postoperatively (p=0.002). Mitral regurgitation decreased from 3.08 to 1.33 (p=0.07) postoperatively, and importantly, mean LVOT gradient decreased from 85±20 mm Hg to 5±10 mm Hg postoperatively (p Discussion: Septal myectomy remains the gold standard for relief of LVOT obstruction. All patients in this study failed septal artery ablation because of a failure to ablate enough myocardium due to abnormal coronary anatomy in most cases. This is the first study to demonstrate specific situations in which septal artery ablation should potentially be avoided.
Regulation of T Cell Differentiation and Allergic Responses by the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Itch

Itch is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is originally identified by genetic analysis of a mutant mouse with aberrant immunological phenotypes and constant itching in the skin. Itch–/– T cells are biased toward the differentiation of T helper type 2 cells with augmented interleukin-4 cytokine production and serum IgE level. One of the mechanisms for Itch E3 ligase to regulate T cell responses is the induction of T cell anergy in which T cells become unresponsive upon restimulation. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying Itch-mediated protein ubiquitination and allergic responses remain to be investigated. Here we provide evidence that Itch is involved in the regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling in naive T cells and TGF-β-induced expression of the transcription factor Foxp3, a master regulator in regulatory T cells. Itch promotes ubiquitin conjugation to TGF-β inducible early gene 1 product (TIEG1). Moreover, monoubiquitinated TIEG1 positively modulates the transcription of Foxp3 gene. The results suggest a novel mechanism by which Itch regulates regulatory T cells and subsequent allergic responses.
On the Relationship Between Bisimulation and Combinatorial Filter Reduction

Combinatorial filters are discrete structures for modeling and reasoning about robotic systems. Such filters are of interest not only because of the potential for reduction of the computational power needed to execute the filter, but also for the insight they can sometimes provide into the information requirements of certain robotic tasks. It is known that the filter minimization problem -that is, for a given filter, to find a combinatorial filter with the minimal number of states among all filters with equivalent behavior-is NP-hard. Intuition might suggest that the well-known notion of bisimulation might be of direct use for this minimization problem. Indeed, the bisimilarity relation -the union of all bisimulation relations over the state space of the original filter-is an equivalence relation, and one might attempt to reduce a filter by merging states that are equivalent under this relation. This paper studies this relationship between bisimulation and combinatorial filter reduction. Specifically, we show that every filter minimization problem can be solved by computing a quotient of the input filter with some relation, but that for some filters, the bisimilarity relation is not the correct relation for this purpose. We also characterize the result of the bisimulation quotient operation as the solution to a different, stricter filter minimization problem, and identify several classes of filters for which a variant of bisimulation, called compatibility, can be used to minimize filters in polynomial time.
Stability of Cd 1-x Zn x Te alloys under CdTe processing conditions

Development of II-VI ternary alloys is an important avenue for increasing the efficiency of the CdTe-based solar cells. Cd 1-x ZnxTe ternary alloys offer a wide range flexibility in band gap and are potential candidates for the use both as an absorber and back contact buffer layers. This work investigates the stability of Cd 1-x ZnxTe under CdTe processing conditions. In particular, the effects of chlorine treatment step are studied using both standard CdCl 2 and Cl 2 gas methods. X-ray diffraction study shows presence of Te in the Cl 2 gas treated samples, while no Te is detected in CdCl 2 treated samples.