cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Communication in the weakly electric fish Sternopygus macrurus. II. Behavioral test of conspecific EOD detection ability.

A classical conditioning paradigm was used to test the ability of Sternopygus macrurus to detect EOD-like stimuli (sine waves) of different frequencies. The behavioral tuning curves were quite close in shape to tuning curves based on single-unit recordings of T units, although the sensitivity at all frequencies was much greater. The behavioral curves showed notches of greatly reduced sensitivity when the test frequency was equal to, or twice the EOD frequency. The EOD of each of the fish was eliminated by lesioning the medullary pacemaker nucleus, and the fish were retested. The resulting tuning curves were nearly the same in shape as those of the EOD-intact individuals, but the PMN-lesioned fish showed an overall reduction of sensitivity of 30 dB. The EOD appears to enhance sensitivity by placing the summed stimulus (test stimulus + fish's EOD) at an amplitude where T units are maximally sensitive to small temporal modulations in the fish's own EOD. Peripheral tuning appears to limit the ability of males to detect the EOD of females, since these are, on average, an octave higher in frequency than the male EOD, while the peak sensitivity of the male occurs 5–10 Hz above its own EOD frequency.
Curvature Effects of a Cycloidally Rotating Airfoil

A cycloidally (including prolate, curtate and traditional cycloids) rotating airfoil (CRA) has very unique aero/hydrodynamic characteristics, unlike any other device which interacts with a surrounding fluid flow. A system employing a CRA is one where the airfoil is mounted such that the span is aligned parallel with the axis of rotation, which is different to conventional rotors where the blades are oriented perpendicularly to the axis of rotation. This fundamental difference between the two aero-interactive systems provides CRAs the ability to interact with the incoming fluid flow in any direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Thus, from a propulsion standpoint, this unique characteristic allows the system to generate thrust in any direction perpendicular to the main shaft. Conversely, from an energy extraction standpoint, the device is able to generate shaft torque with any directional freestream perpendicular to the rotational axis. However, despite these stark advantages of these unique devices, many complex and poorly understood aero/hydrodynamic challenges are also procured. For instance, aerodynamic complexities such as: virtual camber, radial velocity (pressure) gradients, blade-wake interaction, and highly unsteady pitch-heave motions can be identified. This paper assesses a tier of computational fluid dynamic tools (complex potential, panel methods, and Navier-Stokes simulations) to illustrate the effects of curvature on a CRA. A non-dimensional parameter, regarding relative curvature, is formulated which relates resulting lift to arbitrary airfoil shapes with a constant curvature. Additionally, it is found that the attachment location, or pivot point, of the airfoil is a critical factor, and, interestingly, a three quarter chord attachment location produces a zero lift for all relative curvatures.
Advances in experimental research of induced polarization effect in reservoir rocks

We have studied the IP response of the multiphase porous systems by conducting complex resistivity (CR) frequency domain IP measurements for two different groups of samples: sands and sandstones containing salt water in pores and those whose unsaturated pores are filled with synthetic oil. We have observed the IP behavior in the imaginary parts of the analyzed complex resistivity curves. We have studied statistical aspects of CR measurements in HC-saturated samples using sand-cartridge-oil (SCO) and sandstone-oil (SSO) samples. A comparison of the complex resistivity of SCO and SSO samples with different saltwater pH values demonstrates a known shift of the IP peak to lower frequency with a decrease in pH. We used a GEMTIP model to analyze the IP parameters of the measured responses.
Hybrid Disciplinarity: Métis and Ethos in Juvenile Mental Health Electronic Records

Large institutions, like hospitals and juvenile mental health facilities, are often places where members from several different professions come to interact and negotiate ideological differences. This study explores the authorial identities of some of these members in the electronic charts of a large juvenile mental health facility. These charts portray their authors' ethos as that which is fluid and variable, craftily moving between the neutral observer status of scientific rhetoric and the expert blame-shifter of social work rhetoric. I argue that these multi-disciplinary identities are best understood when using a rhetorical frame of metis, a rarely studied rhetorical strategy.
Textbooks and Teaching: A Reintroduction

1. Techniques and strategies How does one teach 750 students? What are the possibilities and pitfalls in asking students to work with conflicting historical interpretations? In this sound-bite culture, how does one hold students' attention for fifty minutes? What kinds of teacher training are departments providing to graduate students? These are a few of the questions and topics we foresee. As for the answers, we will publish case studies-first-person accounts that will, in effect, allow readers to visit colleagues' classrooms. Teachers typically do their work in private (we might say in secret). We hope to open the doors to creative pedagogical ideas. 2. Resources We will continue publishing reviews of textbooks, examining not only how current texts interpret certain topics (for example, the South; Native Americans) but also how the interpretation has or has not changed during the past twenty years. But the textbook is only one of the available pedagogical packages. Collections of primary documents have been coming out in a steady stream. And despite the obstacle of securing copyright permissions, teachers put together course packs of their favorite secondary or primary sources. In the nonprint world, CD-ROMs have transformed textbooks into audiovisual cornucopias, while video players have made films notably more accessible. Among the adventurous, presentation software (which allows professors to augment their lectures with material projected from a computer monitor onto a screen) has appeared in history lecture halls, and the Internet has unleashed a torrent of discussion via chat rooms, H-lists, and World Wide Web sites. We will try to build bridges between you and this blooming, buzzing world of resources. Look for reviews of primary-document collections. We will also reprint interesting syllabi and tables of contents of course packs. In the interest of practicality, we are thinking in terms of courses: the United States since 1945, Civil War and Reconstruction, American history to 1865, women's history.
Multiphoton GRIN Endoscope for Evaluation of Human Prostatic Tissue Ex Vivo

We characterize the diagnostic performance of a multiphoton GRIN endoscope using human prostate samples obtained from radical prostatectomy surgery. Ex vivo images of benign and tumor areas and images of peri-prostatic tissue are shown.
Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Atherosclerosis — Time Is of the Essence

Multiple prospective cohort studies in the 1980s indicated that hormone therapy was associated with a nearly 50% lower risk of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women,1 which prompted speculation that such therapy could be used to prevent coronary events. However, subsequent large-scale randomized trials that evaluated the effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy failed to support the presence of a cardiovascular benefit. Among women with established coronary heart disease, combined estrogen–progestin therapy resulted in an increased risk of coronary heart disease events at 1 year and had no significant effects on the risk of coronary heart disease events in longer-term follow-up. . . .
Study on the technology of concentrating norovirus from water

Objective Evaluate the enrich efficiency of the Nano Ceram-PEG concentration method for norovirus from water under different experimental conditions,so as to obtain the optimum concentration conditions. Methods The constructed positive norovirus positive plasmid was used for generating standard curve by fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR method for quantitative analysis of norovirus. Fecal suspension which contains norovirus was seeded to purified water. Virus in the water then underwent concentration procedure under different experimental conditions,and after detecting by fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR,the viral copies of the final elute and accordingly the recovery rate of virus were determined based on the plotted standard curve. Finally,the optimum condition should be concluded from the recovery rate results. Results According to plotted standard curve,the sensitivity of fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR for norovirus in water was 100 copy / μl. This study investigated the effect of three factors( eluent p H,elution rate and PEG concentration) on final recovery rate of virus by orthogonal test and among the conditions examined,the condition of eluent flow rate of 300 ml / min,the eluent of p H 9. 5 and PEG6000 concentration of 13% showed the best virus recovery efficiency( 26. 55%). Conclu sion Nano Ceram-PEG concentration method manifests a sound virus recovery efficiency. If developed,it will be a reliable laboratory basis for tracing source of outbreak of waterborne norovirus.
Composition of Web Services Based on Two-dimension QoS Model

In practical application,a single Web service is usually unable to meet the needs of complex applications.How to combine the existing service to provide a more complete and more powerful commercial function is becoming the key of this filed.However,in the existing framework of the SOA,the combination of Web services rarely considers Web quality of service(QoS).Thus,the composite service can not promise to meets users demands for QoS.On this issue,we proposed two-dimension Web services QoS Model,used the improved UDDI specification,then put forward the QoS-based Web services combination of colored Petri net portfolio strategy.It not only meets user's demands for the service functions but also meets user's QoS needs,and achieves the optimization of the demand services.
A Discussion about Overvoltage and Insulation Level of 1100kV Power Grid of China

This paper studies overvoltage and insulation coordination problems for UHV AC power grid of China that is going to be built and the author puts forward major measures against overvoltages,suggestions of appropriate insulation level and parameters of MOA (Metal Oxide Surge Arrester). Paper covers temporary overvoltages,second arc current, switching overvoltage,major parameters of MOA and insulation level of UHV AC apparatus.
M Proteins of Streptococcus equisimilis Strains Isolated from Pharyngitis Patients

S. equi subsp equisimilis (hereafter referred to for convenience as S. equisimilis) and small colony forms of group C streptococci (variously designated as S. anginosus or S. milleri) are the group C streptococci most often isolated from humans. Both may be isolated from the throats of normal individuals and of patients with acute pharyngitis, but the role of these microorganisms in causing acute pharyngitis has remained controversial7. Recent clinical and epidemiologic observations suggest, however, that S. equisimilis may indeed cause acute pharyngitis1, 4, 8, 11, 12.
The CIO in higher education and healthcare.

Five papers from the 1990 CAUSE conference's Track III, Organization and Personnel are presented. The papers share ways in which professionals are preparing organizationally for the challenges and opportunities of managing information technology in the future, including such subjects as the kinds and availability of human resources that are needed, appropriate training levels and means, changes in styles of organizations. Papers and their authors are as follows: "The 00 in Higher Education and Health Care" (Marion J. Ball and Judith V. Douglas); "Desktop Power: Issues and Opportunities" (Therese A. Nelson and James H. Porter); "Super Productivity, Super Savings: Achieving the Potential of Integrated Administrative Computing" (Nicholas W. Andrews); "Effectively Merging Administrative and Academic Computing: Indiana University's Experience" (Polley Ann McClure, Barry M. Rubin, Susan Stager, and R. Gerald Pugh); and "Developing a Circle of Services for Microcomputer End Users: A Cost Effective Approach" (Duane E. Whitmire). (GLR) * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. ***************************************************************
Becoming Muslim in Imperial Russia: conversion, apostasy, and literacy

Agnes Kefeli has written a first-rate monograph examining an issue in Russian imperial history that has generally been described in terms of “apostasy.” The “lapsing” of Tatar Christians in the nin...
Does substance use compromise depression treatment in persons with HIV? Findings from a randomized controlled trial†

Depression and substance use are significant obstacles to effective HIV care. Using data derived from a randomized controlled trial of persons with HIV who are homeless or marginally housed, this study assesses the utility of antidepressant treatment among persons with HIV, depression, and active substance use. Participants were diagnosed with depressive disorders and randomly assigned to receive directly observed therapy with fluoxetine or a referral to community mental health treatment. Assessments, conducted at baseline and every 3 months over a 9-month period, included the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Beck Depression Inventory II, and self-report of alcohol, crack, cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine use in the past 90 days. To investigate the effect of antidepressant treatment in the setting of active substance use, the authors fit mixed-effects linear regression models to estimate the effect of directly observed fluoxetine on depressive symptom severity after stratifying by any alcohol use or any illicit drug use. To investigate whether alcohol use or illicit drug use moderated the antidepressant treatment response, the authors examined the interaction terms. The effect of directly observed fluoxetine treatment on depression symptom severity was statistically significant irrespective of alcohol use status. When stratified by illicit drug use status, the effect of directly observed fluoxetine treatment on depression symptom severity was statistically significant only among persons who did not use illicit drugs. The interaction terms were not statistically significant. This study found a benefit of antidepressant treatment in persons with HIV, depression, and alcohol use. In addition, this study found no evidence that either alcohol use or illicit drug use moderates the antidepressant treatment response. Altogether, these findings support the use of antidepressant medication in this population. The public health impact of research in this area is significant given the known adverse effects of depression on HIV-related health outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00338767.
A conserved quality-control pathway that mediates degradation of unassembled ribosomal proteins

Overproduced yeast ribosomal protein (RP) Rpl26 fails to assemble into ribosomes and is degraded in the nucleus/nucleolus by a ubiquitin-proteasome system quality control pathway comprising the E2 enzymes Ubc4/Ubc5 and the ubiquitin ligase Tom1. tom1 cells show reduced ubiquitination of multiple RPs, exceptional accumulation of detergent-insoluble proteins including multiple RPs, and hypersensitivity to imbalances in production of RPs and rRNA, indicative of a profound perturbation to proteostasis. Tom1 directly ubiquitinates unassembled RPs primarily via residues that are concealed in mature ribosomes. Together, these data point to an important role for Tom1 in normal physiology and prompt us to refer to this pathway as ERISQ, for excess ribosomal protein quality control. A similar pathway, mediated by the Tom1 homolog Huwe1, restricts accumulation of overexpressed hRpl26 in human cells. We propose that ERISQ is a key element of the quality control machinery that sustains protein homeostasis and cellular fitness in eukaryotes.
Context-specific inhibition of translation by ribosomal antibiotics targeting the peptidyl transferase center

The first broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol and one of the newest clinically important antibacterials, linezolid, inhibit protein synthesis by targeting the peptidyl transferase center of the bacterial ribosome. Because antibiotic binding should prevent the placement of aminoacyl-tRNA in the catalytic site, it is commonly assumed that these drugs are universal inhibitors of peptidyl transfer and should readily block the formation of every peptide bond. However, our in vitro experiments showed that chloramphenicol and linezolid stall ribosomes at specific mRNA locations. Treatment of bacterial cells with high concentrations of these antibiotics leads to preferential arrest of translation at defined sites, resulting in redistribution of the ribosomes on mRNA. Antibiotic-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis is most efficient when the nascent peptide in the ribosome carries an alanine residue and, to a lesser extent, serine or threonine in its penultimate position. In contrast, the inhibitory action of the drugs is counteracted by glycine when it is either at the nascent-chain C terminus or at the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA. The context-specific action of chloramphenicol illuminates the operation of the mechanism of inducible resistance that relies on programmed drug-induced translation arrest. In addition, our findings expose the functional interplay between the nascent chain and the peptidyl transferase center.
Noninvasive PET quantitative myocardial blood flow with regadenoson for assessing cardiac allograft vasculopathy in orthotopic heart transplantation patients.

Risk stratification and early detection of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is essential in orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) patients. This study assesses the changes in myocardial blood flow (MBF) noninvasively in OHT patients using quantitative cardiac PET with regadenoson. Twelve patients (Group 1) (8 males, 4 females, mean age 55 ± 7 years) with no history of post OHT myocardial ischemia were enrolled 5.4 ± 2.0 years after OHT. Fifteen patients (Group 2) (9 males, 6 females, mean age 71 ± 9 years) with intermediate pretest probability but not documented evidence for coronary artery disease (CAD) were also included to serve as control. Global and regional MBFs were assessed using dynamic 13N-NH3 PET at rest and during regadenoson-induced hyperemia. The coronary flow reserve (CFR) was also calculated as the ratio of hyperemic to resting MBF. Mean regadenoson-induced rate-pressure products were similar in both groups, while there was an increase in resting rate-pressure product in Group 1 patients. Both mean and median values of resting MBF were higher in Group 1 than Group 2 patients (1.33 ± 0.31 and 1.01 ± 0.21 mL/min/g for Groups 1 and 2, respectively, P < .001), while mean hyperemic MBF values were similar in both Groups (2.68 ± 0.84 and 2.64 ± 0.94 mL/min/g, P = NS) but median hyperemic MBF values were lower in Group 1 than Group 2 patients (2.0 vs. 2.60 mL/min/g, P = .018). Both mean and median CFR values demonstrated a significant reduction for Group 1 compared to Group 2 patients (2.07 ± 0.74 vs 2.63 ± 0.48, P = .025). This study suggests that the MBF in OHT patients may be abnormal at resting state with diminished CFR. This hints that the epicardial and microvascular coronary subsystem may be exacerbated after OHT leading to the gradual progression of CAV.
Energetics of Membrane Necking: Role of Forces and Protein Induced Curvature

The formation and constriction of membrane necks is a fundamental step that immediately precedes fission in membrane remodeling processes like endocytosis, viral egress, and cytokinesis. Extensive experimental studies have identified key molecular players in these processes, such as the GTPase dynamin in the case of several endocytic pathways. Structural and biophysical studies have identified that constriction of the neck by dynamin helices triggers membrane fission. However, a detailed physical understanding of the force and energetic requirement for neck constriction is difficult to ascertain using experimental techniques due to the small length scales nearing self contact. In this work, we apply a modified Helfrich theory of lipid membranes to investigate membrane necking in cylindrical tubes. Specifically, we seek to understand how applied forces and protein-induced spontaneous curvature contribute to induce necking and energy distribution on the membrane. Application of a radial constricting force, mimicking the action of dynamin, leads to a snapthrough instability in the shape of the membrane. We observe a large energy barrier that can be overcome by force to achieve a narrow neck. This instability is eliminated by applying a region of spontaneous curvature. Additionally, we achieve a closed, tear drop shaped bud when we apply a squeezing tangential force to the membrane. Finally, an out of plane twisting force is also considered in a cylindrical co-ordinate system. These results will help to elucidate the mechanical requirements for dynamin-catalyzed membrane necking and other techniques of constriction and scission.
Environmental technology and the green car: towards a sustainable transportation policy

Managing the impacts of motor vehicles on the environment has been a major objective of US environmental policy since the early 1960s. Most of the attention has been directed at urban air emissions from tailpipes and at land-use changes resulting from rapid expansion of the motor vehicle fleet. Noise pollution, natural resource depletion, associated oil spills and toxic contamination, and disposal of retired vehicles or parts have also commanded significant attention. During the 1970s, energy-related impacts became highly visible owing to the oil-price shocks orchestrated by OPEC (1973–4) and by the government of Iran (1979–80).
Coupling with ocean mixed layer leads to intraseasonal variability in tropical deep convection: Evidence from cloud‐resolving simulations

The effect of coupling a slab ocean mixed layer to atmospheric convection is examined in cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulations in vertically sheared and unsheared environments without Coriolis force, with the large-scale circulation parameterized using the Weak Temperature Gradient (WTG) approximation. Surface fluxes of heat and moisture as well as radiative fluxes are fully interactive, and the vertical profile of domain-averaged horizontal wind is strongly relaxed toward specified profiles with vertical shear that varies from one simulation to the next. Vertical wind shear is found to play a critical role in the simulated behavior. There exists a threshold value of the shear strength above which the coupled system develops regular oscillations between deep convection and dry nonprecipitating states, similar to those found earlier in a much more idealized model which did not consider wind shear. The threshold value of the vertical shear found here varies with the depth of the ocean mixed layer. The time scale of the spontaneously generated oscillations also varies with mixed layer depth, from 10 days with a 1 m deep mixed layer to 50 days with a 10 m deep mixed layer. The results suggest the importance of the interplay between convection organized by vertical wind shear, radiative feedbacks, large-scale dynamics, and ocean mixed layer heat storage in real intraseasonal oscillations.
One-step mild hydrothermal method to prepare low valent sodium vanadium(III) monohydrogenphosphate: NaV(HPO4)2

Abstract Green colored single crystals of a reduced sodium vanadium(III) monohydrogenphosphate, NaV(HPO4)2, were grown using a one-step mild hydrothermal method. The in situ reduction of V5+ to V3+ was performed using copper acetate as the reducing agent. The title compound crystalizes in the monoclinic space group Cc and exhibits a three-dimensional crystal structure that consists of distorted VO6 octahedra connected to PO3(OH) tetrahedra that are further connected via Na cations. The compound exhibits simple paramagnetic behavior at high temperatures and a discontinuity near 5 K is likely due to the onset of magnetic coupling. The compound was also characterized by TGA, IR and UV–vis spectroscopies.
Dynamical system based approach to distributed particle vector machine

Classification is at the very center of the supervised learning. In this work, we propose a novel algorithm to classify the test data set with the aid of a vector field, emanating from the training data set. In particular, the vector field is constructed such that the location of each training data point becomes a local minimum of the potential. The test data points are allowed to evolve under the influence of the velocity field, generated by the training data set, and thereby would be converging to the domain of attractions of different classes. The proposed approach avoids explicit computation of the separating hyper-plane like Support Vector Machine, which becomes difficult, if the structure of the separating hyper-plane is nonlinear. The proposed method is specially suited for online learning problems, as the model training does not involve any additional time. Comparative simulation studies are presented over data sets coming from three practical Machine Learning benchmark problems.
Contending With Defense Industry Reallocations: A Literature Review of Relevant Factors:

The authors review research on the destabilizing effects of defense department reallocations at the firm and community levels, with the intent to inform current intervention policy for assisting fi...
Exceptional Optical Response of Archimedean Boron and Group-V Ultrathin Nanosheets

The ascendancy of ultrathin films has emerged as a boon for 21st century nanotechnologies that rely on flexibility, tunable properties, and active surface area. We explore uncharted configurations with Archimedean (4,8)-tessellations that exhibit exceptional light–matter interactions captured with time-dependent density functional theory. We find that planar monolayers of haeckelite boron-pnictogen binary materials possess strong interband absorbance and absorption coefficients that rival existing ultrathin films. These observables were found to occur in the ultraviolet for the boron-nitride nanosheet and in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum for heavier pnictogens, suggesting a route for photocapture of high density solar photons. Moreover, we find the buckled haeckelite boron arsenide supports a similar, yet slightly decreased, optical response that is blue-shifted from its planar configuration. The strong optical response of these ultrathin films emerges from their unique bandstructure...
Geoethics and Professionalism: The Responsible Conduct of Scientists

The primary focus of geoethics has traditionally been on the responsible conduct of science: issues such as plagiarism, fabrication or falsification of data, and topics related to the doing of science. Equally as important to the success of the scientific enterprise are the personal attributes required of being a scientist and the responsible conduct of scientists in their personal interactions with colleagues and the public. In this contribution, numerous aspects of professionalism are addressed, which encompass behaviors and attitudes that impact the ability of scientists to do their work in the social environment of the workplace and with the public. Principles of professionalism have their foundations in concepts related to power, trust, respect, and responsibility. These are topics that are typically not directly addressed in day-to-day workplace communications or in classrooms, but they are essential in providing a safe, inclusive and productive work environment. Administrators, faculty, staff, students, managers and co-workers may encounter all manner of interpersonal conflicts that may affect the safety and productivity of their work environment. In particular, recent revelations about instances of sexual harassment and bullying in the geoscience workplace are of immediate concern and dictate that there must be changes in the geoscience work culture. Know how to recognize the signs of potential trouble, intervene early to prevent a bad situation, know the rules, and have a plan in place about how to respond to and mitigate impacts of unprofessional behaviors.
In the Bowels of the Information Machine: Population Registration and the Impact of Computers on Personal Privacy and Public Administration:

The German population registration system was the core of the population identification, information, and control system constructed across the 20th century. However, the functioning of the system ...
Parental Warmth during Childhood Predicts Coping and Well-being in Adulthood

Numerous studies have shown that early life experiences can affect well-being later in life. Additionally, previous literature has emphasized the importance of exploring the role of mediators in developmental research (e.g., coping strategies). The present study used 3 waves of longitudinal data across 20 years from the national survey Midlife Development in the United States (N = 2,088) to examine the link between retrospectively reported parental warmth and well-being in adulthood by exploring 2 categories of coping strategies (emotion- and problem-focused strategies) as possible mediators. Three cross-lagged panel models, exhibiting good fit, were conducted in Mplus. Significant indirect effects were found where both negative and positive affect (Time 2) partially mediated the association between perceived parental warmth (Time 1) and emotion-focused coping (Time 3). Further, evidence for bidirectional effects were shown by the observed significant indirect effects of problem-focused coping (Time 2) partially explaining the association between perceived parental warmth (Time 1) and eudaimonic well-being (Time 3) as well as eudaimonic well-being (Time 2) partially explaining the link between parental warmth (Time 1) and problem-focused coping (Time 3). These findings suggest that it is important to consider early life experiences when examining both well-being and coping during adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record
Should planned/desired pregnancy be considered an absolute contraindication to breast reconstruction with free abdominal Flaps? A retrospective case series and systematic review

Summary Background Autologous breast reconstruction is considered by many to be the gold standard reconstructive modality following mastectomy. Despite the advantages of autologous reconstruction, however, surgeons have been cautious in recommending this approach to patients who desire to become pregnant postoperatively because of concerns related to abdominal wall morbidity. While intuitive, this approach does not appear to be based on robust data. Hence, the authors examined the clinical outcome in patients who became pregnant following autologous breast reconstruction. Methods Patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction with free abdominal flaps that required an incision in the anterior rectus sheath were identified. Of them, patients who became pregnant post reconstruction were included for subsequent analysis. Of particular interest were any peripartal and postpartal complications that could be attributed to the preceding abdominal flap harvest. Additionally, a systematic review of the literature was performed. Results We identified five patients who met inclusion criteria. All five patients underwent bilateral breast reconstruction with free muscle-sparing transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (MS-TRAM) flaps. None of the patients had any preexisting abdominal wall morbidity. All five patients proceeded to full-term pregnancy and successfully delivered newborns, four of which were delivered by normal vaginal delivery and one by cesarean section. No abdominal wall complications were noted during pregnancy, delivery, or postpartum. Conclusion Contemporary data do not support the notion that breast reconstruction with free abdominal flaps is contraindicated in the setting of desired or planned pregnancy.
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: Clinical presentation and plasma levels

Fifteen patients were studied at 8- to 12-hr intervals during the first 24 hr after overdosing with tricyclic antidepressants, and subsequently followed daily for up to 144 hr. The severity of the overdose was determined by measuring the plasma tricyclic antidepressant level using gas chromatography-mass fragmentography. No correlation was found between total, tertiary, or desmethyl tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels and maximum heart rate, lowest blood pressure, degree of unconsciousness, or EKG changes involving the P-R interval or ST-T wave changes. There was a weak correlation between drug plasma level and maximum pupil size (r = 0.46; p less than 0.05) and a strong correlation between the duration of the QRS complex and tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels (r = 0.75; p less than 0.01). All patients with a total tricyclic antidepressant plasma level greater than or equal to 1,000 ng/ml had a QRS interval greater than or equal to 100 msec. As the total plasma tricyclic level fell, the duration of the QRS interval returned to normal. Thus, the duration of the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram appears to be the most reliable clinical sign for evaluating the seriousness of tricyclic antidepressant overdosage.
Using SQL Databases for Sequence Similarity Searching and Analysis

Relational databases can integrate diverse types of information and manage large sets of similarity search results, greatly simplifying genome-scale analyses. By focusing on taxonomic subsets of sequences, relational databases can reduce the size and redundancy of sequence libraries and improve the statistical significance of homologs. In addition, by loading similarity search results into a relational database, it becomes possible to explore and summarize the relationships between all of the proteins in an organism and those in other biological kingdoms. This unit describes how to use relational databases to improve the efficiency of sequence similarity searching and demonstrates various large-scale genomic analyses of homology-related data. It also describes the installation and use of a simple protein sequence database, seqdb_demo, which is used as a basis for the other protocols. The unit also introduces search_demo, a database that stores sequence similarity search results. The search_demo database is then used to explore the evolutionary relationships between E. coli proteins and proteins in other organisms in a large-scale comparative genomic analysis. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
New Directions in Narcissistic Aggression: The Role of the Self-concept on Group-Based Aggression

Narcissism is a construct that has been studied in the context of aggression. Narcissistic aggression typically emerges following ego-provocations, suggesting that the narcissistic ego is sensitive to insults. However, what defines a narcissistic ego may vary across individuals. Some may define themselves through agentic and individualistic qualities, whereas others define themselves through a communal framework or group identity. Thus, how narcissistic individuals define themselves may impact which ego-relevant domains become sensitive, and those domains may be relevant in predicting different forms (e.g., group-based vs. interpersonal) of aggression. Here, we review the literature on three types of narcissism: individual, collective, and communal. We argue that, although previously dismissed, narcissism is a critical component in terrorism ideology, when it takes on a communal or “sacred” form. If the central focus of a narcissistic identity is the sacred values of a group, rather than agentic individualism, then perceptions of insult toward those sacred values should elicit aggression. This aggression should be especially pronounced in the narcissistic individual, possibly taking the form of terrorism. Indeed, emerging research has demonstrated that overconfidence in one’s religious knowledge is linked with support for religious terrorism. In summary, narcissism may take on different forms depending on the definition of the narcissistic individual’s ego. Thus, depending on how narcissistic individuals define themselves, such individuals may pose group-based vs. interpersonal threats, following provocations in those respective domains.
W.E.B. Du Bois’s critique of Radical Reconstruction (1865–77): A Hegelian approach to American modernity:

In this essay, I argue that Hegel’s model of ethical life (Sittlichkeit) is normatively gripping for Du Bois’s critique of Radical Reconstruction. My argument proceeds in three steps. First, I use Du Bois’s insights to explain the nature of progressive political change in historical time, an account Hegel lacks. I reconstruct the normative basis of Du Bois’s political critique by articulating the three essential features of public reasoning qua citizenship. Second, I defend the promise of black civic enfranchisement with respect to the institutional conditions of love and labour in the wake of the Civil War. Third, I establish the central role black freedmen played in realizing the ideals of democratic self-governance affirmed in principle but seldom realized in practice in the United States.
The Effect of Lipid Disorders on the Risk of Rotator Cuff Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background Rotator cuff disease has a high prevalence and is associated with shoulder pain and disability. Dyslipidemia might be an intrinsic factor related to the development of the disease as it might increase tendon stiffness and result in tendon problems. The purposes of the present study were (1) to systematically review the association between lipid disorders and the risk of rotator cuff disease and (2) to provide physicians with guidance to prevent rotator cuff disease. Methods Six databases were searched through July 6, 2016: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias and strength of evidence. Meta-analysis was performed for the effect of dyslipidemia on the presence of rotator cuff disease, with the effect being expressed as an odds ratio. The overall effect was estimated, and heterogeneity across studies was expressed with the I2 statistic. We used standard and contour-enhanced funnel plots as well as the Begg and Egger tests to check for publication bias. Results Three cross-sectional studies, 1 cohort study, and 3 case-control studies involving 505,852 participants were selected, with 6 of these studies being eligible for meta-analysis. The main-effect meta-analysis yielded a pooled odds ratio of 2.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.46 to 3.23; p < 0.001; I2 = 82.4%), indicating a higher rate of rotator cuff disease in patients with dyslipidemia. The sensitivity analysis was not different from the main-effect analysis. Contour-enhanced funnel plots revealed the possibility of publication bias or other small-study effects. Conclusions We found that dyslipidemia was associated with high occurrence of rotator cuff disease. We recommend that physicians examine tendon conditions if their patients have severe dyslipidemia. Level of Evidence Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study Examining Effects on ASD Symptoms, Social Engagement, Pretend Play, and Disruptive Behavior

Recent studies have highlighted the efficacy of PCIT with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for decreasing disruptive behavior (Ginn, Clionsky, Eyberg, Warner-Metzger, & Abner, 2017; Zlomke, Jeter, & Murphy, 2017); however, little research has examined the impact of PCIT on social engagement or other symptoms of ASD. The current case study used the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS-3; (Gilliam, 2014), the Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System (DPICS; Eyberg, Nelson, Ginn, Bhuiyan, & Boggs, 2013), the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI; Eyberg & Pincus, 1999), a social preference assessment, and other novel observational coding schemes. These measures were used to assess the effects of PCIT on child social engagement (i.e., words spoken, eye contact, proximity-seeking, physical touch), pretend play, total ASD symptoms, behavior problems, and caregiver skills, with a child on the autism spectrum. Over the course of treatment, “Charlie,” a 5-year-old Caucasian male, and his mother, showed significant improvements in ECBI Intensity and Problem Scores, caregiver skills, and some measures of child compliance. Observational measures of ASD symptoms demonstrated improvements in pretend play and social engagement (verbalizations, physical touch, and proximity to caregiver). Two other observational measures of social engagement (child eye contact and unique verbalizations) showed potential improvements, but a caregiver-report of total ASD symptoms showed no difference. Results of the study may inform future tailoring or adaptations of PCIT for the unique needs of children with ASD.
Effectiveness of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) suppression in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho: 2006–2016

The nonnative lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush Walbaum, 1792) population in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho increased exponentially during 1999–2006. This led to an unsustainable level of predation mortality on kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka Walbaum, 1792), increased the conservation threat to native bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus Suckley, 1859), and jeopardized the popular recreational fishery for kokanee and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792). In response, lake trout were suppressed since 2006 using incentivized angling, gill netting, and trap netting. From 2006 through 2016, 193,982 lake trout were removed (50% by gill netting; 44% by angling; 6% by trap netting). During this period, age-8 + (adult) lake trout abundance declined by 64%, age-3 (recruit) abundance declined by 56%, and mean total annual mortality (A) was 31.1%. Lake trout did not show evidence of a density-dependent response. Kokanee did not collapse and rebounded to abundances not observed since before lake trout expansion. Bull trout abundance declined during suppression, but the population was sustained. Lake trout suppression allowed a harvest fishery for kokanee and trophy fishery for rainbow trout to be restored. We conclude that suppression can be an effective management action for mitigating effects of nonnative lake trout in a large, deep lake.
A Biomechanical Comparison of Four Hip Arthroplasty Designs in a Canine Model

Objective The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro biomechanical protocol for canine cementless hip arthroplasty that represents physiological gait loading (compression and torsion) and to evaluate if three alternative implant designs improve fixation compared with the traditional collarless, tapered stem in the clinically challenging case of moderate canal flare index. Study Design Twenty-four (six/group) laboratory-prepared canine constructs were tested using a simulated gait and overload (failure) protocol. Construct stiffness, failure load/displacement and migration were measured as outcome variables. Results Simulated gait loading did not show any significant differences between implant types for peak displacement, peak rotation, torsional stiffness, subsidence or inducible displacement. The collared and collarless stem groups were stiffer in compression compared with the collarless with a lateral bolt and short-stem groups. Increasing the loading above simulated gait showed significant reductions in compressive and torsional stiffness for all implant constructs. Despite the reductions, the short-stem group showed significantly higher stiffness compared with the other three groups. Conclusion Peak failure loads (compressive and torsional) in this study were approximately four to seven times the simulated gait loading (430 N, 1.6 Nm) regardless of implant type and highlight the importance of limiting activity level (trotting, jumping) following hip replacement in the postoperative period and during the osseointegration of the implant.
The mechanism of degradation of bradykinin (lysyl-bradykinin) in human serum.

Bradykinin is rapidly degraded once it has been generated; this occurs most rapidly upon passage thru tissues such as the lung and it is also degraded in plasma or serum. Degradation of bradykinin in human plasma or serum appears to be mediated by two kininases. Carboxypepti-dase N or kininase I is known to remove the C-terminal peptide from bradykinin to yield des-arg bradykinin and free arginine. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) or kininase II is a dipeptidase which removes the C-terminal phe-arg from bradykinin to yield a heptapeptide (Arg pro pro gly phe ser pro) and then cleave the C-terminal ser-pro from the heptapeptide leaving the pentapeptide Arg pro pro gly phe. Using purified ACE and bradykinin, there are no further cleavages seen upon incubation of the reactants for over 24 hours. Inokuchi and Nagamatsu first reported that des-arg -bradykinin could also be a substrate of ACE and that the products are Arg pro pro gly phe and ser-pro-phe indicating that the enzyme, in this instance has tripeptidase activity. We have confirmed this observation and the tripeptidase activity has been observed by others using alternative ACE substrates.
Abstract 2925: Targeting histone acetyltransferase (HAT) function for synthetic cytotoxicity in CREBBP/EP300 mutant tumors

CREB-binding protein (CREBBP) and E1A binding protein p300 (EP300) share significant homology and are collectively mutated in ~14% of head and neck cancers (HNSCC). Recently we have identified CREBBP/EP300 mutations being associated with poor outcome. Thus, tumors which harbor these mutations may be an ideal subset to study for agents that lead to synthetic cytotoxicity. We have performed in vivo shRNA screening combined with radiation in tumors derived from human HNSCC cell lines (CREBBP/EP300 mutant: Cal27, UMSCC22A, UMSCC47; CREBBP/EP300 wild type: UPCISCC152, HN31) to identify targets that are synthetically cytotoxic when combined with radiation in the CREBBP/EP300 mutant background. This identified CREBBP and EP300 proteins as the most significant targets. Additionally, inhibition of either CREBBP or EP300 with shRNA, combined with radiation, led to increased γ-H2AX, decreased BRCA1, increased apoptosis and increased cell death in CREBBP/EP300 mutant, but not wild type cells. In vivo studies of CREBBP mutant tumors using both HPV (+) and HPV (-) xenograft models showed dramatically increased tumor growth delay (TGD) following radiation in CREBBP knockdown tumors, but not controls, with 40-80% of tumors cured after low doses of XRT. This was accompanied by increased TUNEL staining in shCREBBP tumors following radiation (p Citation Format: Curtis Pickering, Manish Kumar, Kathleen Bridges, Tongxin Xie, David Molkentine, Aakash Sheth, Liang Yang, Mitchell Frederick, Tim Heffernan, Sahil Seth, Jeffrey Myers, Heath D. Skinner. Targeting histone acetyltransferase (HAT) function for synthetic cytotoxicity in CREBBP/EP300 mutant tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2925.