cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Double nerve transfer for restoring external rotation of the glenohumeral joint after neonatal brachial plexus injury.

INTRODUCTION The probability of spontaneous recovery of shoulder external rotation in neonatal brachial plexus injury (NBPI) is very low after the age of 18 months. We report the outcomes of double nerve transfers to restore active external rotation of the glenohumeral joint in children with NBPI after this age. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of 20 children of mean age of 23.8 months with a mean follow-up of 14.8 months. Inclusion criteria were: age > 18 months, full passive glenohumeral external rotation in abduction, and absence of severe joint deformity on MRI. The spinal accessory nerve was transferred to the infraspinatus motor branch and the long head of the triceps motor branch to the teres minor motor branch. Anterior shoulder release was associated when passive shoulder external rotation in adduction (pERADD) was <30° (n = 13, Group R vs. Group N-no release n = 7). Active shoulder elevation and external rotation in abduction (aERABD) of the glenohumeral joint were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS All children except two in Group R, recovered aERABD 4-6 months after surgery. Mean postoperative aERABD was 70 ± 32.4 and 82.9 ± 11.1° and shoulder elevation gain was 24.6 ± 22.2 and 27.1 ± 29.2° for Group R and N, respectively, without statistically significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Late nerve transfers to external rotator muscles are effective in children with NBPI. This might be explained not only by muscle reinnervation, but also by the interruption of a previous co-contraction or developmental apraxia. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic IV.
Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Promotes Later Health Resilience During the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Study objectives Stressful life events contribute to insomnia, psychosocial functioning, and illness. Though individuals with a history of insomnia may be especially vulnerable during stressful life events, risk may be mitigated by prior intervention. This study evaluated the effect of prior digital cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) versus sleep education on health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods COVID impact, insomnia, general- and COVID-related stress, depression, and global health were assessed in April 2020 in adults with a history of insomnia who completed a randomized controlled trial of dCBT-I (n = 102) versus sleep education control (n = 106) in 2016-2017. Regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of intervention conditions on subsequent stress and health during the pandemic. Results Insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with COVID-19 related disruptions, and those who previously received dCBT-I reported less insomnia symptoms, less general stress and COVID-related cognitive intrusions, less depression, and better global health than those who received sleep education. Moreover, the odds for resurgent insomnia was 51% lower in the dCBT-I versus control condition. Similarly, odds of moderate to severe depression during COVID-19 was 57% lower in the dCBT-I condition. Conclusions Those who received dCBT-I had increased health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults with a history of insomnia and ongoing mild to moderate mental health symptoms. These data provide evidence that dCBT-I is a powerful tool to promote mental and physical health during stressors, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical trial registration NCT02988375.
Application of MEMS in safety and arming devices: an overview

Application of innovative technologies for the design and development of state-of-the-art weapons, enable precision aiming and maximum destruction, with minimal collateral damage. Modern warfare is based on accurate guidance and information superiority; hence next generation of weapons tends to be more reliable, intelligent, lightweight and compact. Fuze is one of the key components in the next generation of munitions. In the last two decades, MEMS-based Safety and Arming (S&A) devices were introduced to achieve fuze miniaturization and realize extended fuze functions. The use of MEMS technology for the design of fuzes based on advanced S&A devices provides the advantages like low cost, parallel processing, mass fabrication, efficient designs, and ease of system integration. With microsensors and actuators being fabricated on the single microchip, MEMS technology has revolutionized the fuze system design, yielding smart devices with microprocessors and data crosslinking ability. The efficient design of MEMS-based S&A devices for weapon fuze system is likely to shape the future of next-generation weapons. A consolidated study on MEMS-based S&A devices designed by various researchers in the past two decades is presented in this paper. MEMS S&A devices are reviewed, with special emphasis on the fabrication techniques and processes, device material and composition, sensing and actuation mechanisms and device integration with weapon fuze system. The reviewed designs of MEMS-based S&A devices are compared based on salient design features like driving principle, device composition, device size, maximum displacement etc. A comparison matrix is formulated, and logical conclusions are drawn from the work of various researchers, which can serve as a guide for future design of MEMS-based S&A devices for integration with weapons fuze systems.
Solving the Coulomb Schrodinger Equation in d=2+1 via Sinc Collocation

We solve the non-relativistic Coulomb Shrodinger equation in d = 2+1 via sinc collocation. We get excellent convergence using a generalized sinc basis set in position space. Since convergence in position space could not be obtained with more common numerical techniques, this result helps to corroborate the conjecture that the use of a localized basis set within the context of light cone quantization can yield much better convergence. All of the computations presented here were performed on an IBM-compatible PC with an Intel 486DX2-66 microchip.
Breaking the News: Max Jacob’s Le Cornet à dés (1917)

The recurring pastiches of journalistic writing in Max Jacob’s seminal collection are more complex than they initially appear—critical, not merely of this discourse’s supposed objectivity, but of the assumption that the transmission of valid, valuable news is ever really sought in the first place. The indiscretions of sensationalist, and even fallacious news items appear far less surprising when we acknowledge, along with Jacob, that the esthetic pleasure orienting poetic expression – which is dependent, precisely, on a certain distortion of truthful communication – is what the public expects from its news sources as well, if unconsciously. By identifying the texts in this collection that reference topics and discursive tropes of Belle Epoque journalism (and its often indistinguishable sibling, le roman feuilleton), we find that the poet simultaneously draws on the “attractive force” of such writing, drawing his reader into its intrigue, while continually disrupting any stable referential function, through linguistic play. While Jacob is hardly an engaged artist, by laying bare the ultimately unsatisfying quick fix of headline news, reconstituting the latter as an objet d’art, he reminds us of an important truth after all: the most rewarding esthetic experiences are at once more transparent – fiction acknowledged as such – and more resistant to understanding.
Claire McGuinness. The Academic Teaching Librarian’s Handbook . London, UK: Facet Publishing, 2021. 279p. Paper, $76.33 (ISBN 978-1-78330-462-2).

In The Academic Teaching Librarian’s Handbook , Claire McGuinness, faculty in the School of Information and Communication Studies at the University College Dublin, offers comprehensive insights into different topics that are relevant to instruction librarians. These topics include the changing context of information literacy, social media and the rise of “fake news,” digital learning, and professional identity. The author also discusses the value of an articulated personal teaching philosophy, the importance of self-analysis and self-reflection, developing a teaching role as a new instruction librarian, and leadership and advocacy skills. McGuinness’ academic narrative style, set to small black font, is supported by a wide array of citations and data from reports and surveys. In addition, each topic offers “personal reflection points” along with figures and tables that highlight important details. The chapters conclude with exercises inviting readers to reflect on the content covered through different hypothetical scenarios.
Differentiation of fetal hematopoietic stem cells requires ARID4B to restrict autocrine KITLG/KIT-Src signaling

Balance between the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) duality to either possess self-renewal capacity or differentiate into multipotency progenitors (MPPs) is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) compartment. To retain the HSC self-renewal activity, KIT, a receptor tyrosine kinase, in HSCs is activated by its cognate ligand KITLG originating from niche cells. Here, we show that AT-rich interaction domain 4B (ARID4B) interferes with KITLG/KIT signaling, consequently allowing HSC differentiation. Conditional Arid4b knockout in mouse hematopoietic cells blocks fetal HSC differentiation, preventing hematopoiesis. Mechanistically, ARID4B-deficient HSCs self-express KITLG and overexpress KIT. As to downstream pathways of KITLG/KIT signaling, inhibition of Src family kinases rescues the HSC differentiation defect elicited by ARID4B loss. In summary, the intrinsic ARID4B-KITLG/KIT-Src axis is an HSPC regulatory program that enables the differentiation state, while KIT stimulation by KITLG from niche cells preserves the HSPC undifferentiated pool.
The focusing problem for the porous medium equation: Experiment, simulation and analysis

Abstract The focusing problem involves the study of flows which are initially supported outside a compact empty region, with the aim of describing how the flows eventually fill the empty region. The work we describe has its origin in experimental studies of convergent gravity flows and in the global regularity theory of Caffarelli, Vazquez and Wolanski for the equivalent porous medium flow. We give a comprehensive survey of the current state of the experiments, numerical simulations and the analytic studies of this problem. The numerical studies involve innovative renormalization techniques and supply raw material for the analysis.
Retrospective and Challenges for Model-Based Interface Development

Research on model-based user interface development tools is about 10 years old. Many approaches and prototype systems have been investigated in universities and research laboratories around the world. This paper proposes a generic architecture for these tools, reviews the different approaches in light of this architecture, and discusses their progress towards the goals of increasing the quality and reducing the cost of developing interfaces. The paper closes with a discussion of challenges for future model-based development tools.
Immunological studies with rat pituitary growth hormone. I. Basic studies with immunodiffusion and antihormone tests.

Abstract Four rhesus monkeys, four rabbits, and three guinea pigs were immunized with rat pituitary growth hormone (RGH) in Freund's adjuvant. Antisera from all monkeys produced good precipitin reactions with RGH in the double-diffusion procedure in agar, while antisera from none of the rabbits showed any precipitin reaction, even after continued immunization. All guinea pigs yielded antisera that would precipitate RGH, but the reactions were much less intense than those obtained with any of the monkey antisera. These results demonstrated a significant quantitative difference in precipitin antibody response on the part of three different host species that were immunized with the same antigen, RGH. Monkey antiserum to RGH, tested by double diffusion in agar or by immunoelectrophoresis, gave a single, strong precipitin line with highly purified RGH or with a crude saline extract of the rat pituitary. Monkey antiserum to RGH was capable of demonstrating a reaction of identity between RGH and growth hormone from a wide variety of species, including the sheep, the ox, the pig, the rabbit, the guinea pig, and the humpback whale, suggesting the existence of a common antigenic relationship in the structure of growth hormone from these species. Only the monkey or human growth hormone did not show a cross-reaction with this antiserum, a phenomenon which was also observed with guinea pig antiserum to RGH. In vivo experiments utilizing the tibia assay in hypophysectomized rats showed that the monkey antiserum was capable of neutralizing the growth-promoting activity of purified RGH, a crude saline extract of rat pituitary, or purified growth hormones from other species, when these preparations were injected subcutaneously at a different site from that of antiserum injection. However, human growth hormone could not be neutralized even when three times the amount of antiserum was employed. The findings of this investigation, based on precipitin reactions in agar and neutralization of hormone activity in vivo, have clearly demonstrated the antigenicity of RGH, the detectability of RGH in crude pituitary extracts, the similarity in antigenic structure of growth hormones from a wide variety of animal species, and the apparent difference of this common antigenic structure from that of primate growth hormone.
Network Security Fundamentals

The sections in this article are 1 Goals of Security 2 Why Security is Problematic 3 Security Principles 4 Network Security Model 5 Security Policy 6 Security Mechanisms 7 Threat Model 8 Probes, Attacks and Threats 9 Risk Analysis 10 Firewall Architecture 11 Summary to Network Security 12 History of Network Security Incidents
A kinetic study of bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase.

Abstract Kinetic data are presented which are consistent with the concept that the mechanism of tyrosine hydroxylase involves the following sequential steps: (a) reduction of an oxidized form of the enzyme by 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyltetrahydropteridine (DMPH4) followed by dissociation of the oxidized pteridine, and (b) aerobic oxidation of tyrosine, producing 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) and the oxidized form of the enzyme. This concept is supported by studies of the effects of the substrates on initial velocities as well as by the use of dopa and analogues of substrates and products as inhibitors. Tyrosine and its analogues bind to a reduced form of the enzyme, while dopa and its analogues bind to an oxidized form of the enzyme. Deviations from this pattern occur at concentrations several times the Michaelis constant. At such concentrations tyrosine and its analogues can be bound to an oxidized form of the enzyme, while dopa and its analogues and DMPH4 can be bound to a reduced form of the enzyme.
Energetic outflows, winds and jets around young stars

During the last decade the development of millimeter-wave and infrared astronomical spectroscopy has enabled astronomers to explore and directly probe the cold component of the galaxy, a component which contains 50–90% of the total mass of the interstellar medium and is rich in astrophysical complexity, activity and mystery. The result of this exploration has been a revolution in our understanding of star formation and the interstellar medium. Millimeter-wave CO observations, for example, led to the recognition of the giant molecular clouds (GMCs). With sizes often in excess of 100 parsecs and masses between 105 and 106 M⊙, the GMCs are the largest and most massive structures in the Milky Way. Studies of these clouds have helped elucidate spiral structure in our galaxy and refined, through improvements in the rotation curve, the total mass of the Milky Way system (Blitz 1979, Bok 1983). Moreover, infrared observations have shown GMCs to be the primary sites of star birth in our galaxy. Indeed, molecular-line observations of these clouds have given us the first detailed glimpses into the physical processes associated with the earliest stages of stellar evolution and perhaps star formation itself.
Intricacies of ribosomal frameshifting.

Folded structures in mRNAs can stimulate reprogramming of ribosomes to make one protein from two different reading frames. The first crystal structure of a frameshift stimulatory RNA pseudoknot reveals remarkable features.
Anticipated and unanticipated consequences of abuse deterrent formulations of opioid analgesics

This is an important ﬁnding, despitesome ﬂaws in the study, which raises important publichealth concerns. In this context, some history for thosenot well-versed in the current epidemic of prescriptionopioid abuse might be helpful.The abuse problemhas its roots in two major devel-opments in the 1990s. The ﬁrst was a recommenda-tion from the Joint Commission on Accreditation ofHealthcare Organizations, which emphasized thatpain should be treated as the ﬁfth vital sign, andaccordingly, there should be less trepidation aboutusing potent opioids to relieve pain.
White Innocence and Mexican Americans as Perpetrators in the School-to-Prison Pipeline

This essay discusses white innocence as a mechanism that may contribute to perceptions of Mexican Americans as perpetrators. These perceptions are crucial to ways teachers and administrators respond to student actions as the initial steps in the school-to-prison pipeline. Specifically, this work reviews the rhetoric of white innocence in a high school U.S. History curriculum map and outlines how this rhetoric constructs Mexican Americans, and other people of color, as threats or perpetrators to the innocence of whiteness. The consequence of perceiving Mexican Americans as perpetrators may mediate teacher and administrator reactions to student behaviors and ultimately to initiation of the school-to-prison pipeline.
The Factorial Validity of England's Personal Values Questionnaire for Corporate Recruiters, Business Students, and Business Faculty

The underlying dimensionality of England's 66 item Personal Values Questionnaire was investigated. Factor structures derived from corporate recruiters, senior business students, and faculty members...
Apparent Average Length of the Transcriptional Unit in Bacteria

Abstract The kinetics of radioactive phosphate incorporation into the adenosine and guanosine nucleoside triphosphate termini of bacterial ribonucleic acid (RNA) was studied. Knowledge obtained in a previous investigation of the kinetics of phosphate incorporation into their precursors, adenosine 5′-triphosphate and guanosine 5′-triphosphate, allowed calculation of the average half-lives of these termini, which were found to be approximately 170 s at 21.5 C for both. The ratio between the number of nucleotides incorporated into the interior of RNA chains per second and the number of termini synthesized per second was calculated by several methods and found to be between 4,000 and 8,000. Assuming that the initiation of synthesis of a RNA chain by deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent RNA polymerase always produces a triphosphate termini and that some termini do not have half-lives so short as to not be seen in this study (less than 10 s), this is the apparent average length of the transcriptional unit. The implication of these findings to the genetic organization of transfer RNA genes is discussed.
Integrating controls and avionics on commercial aircraft

The technologies, functions, and innovations which are likely to be incorporated into late 1990s commercial aircraft are reported, together with possible integration approaches. The author discusses integrated modular avionics within the context of controls and data transfer, power distribution and management, and cockpit navigation and sensing equipment. The optical propulsion management system (OPMIS) is described, as is the autonomous operations optical integration concept. >
Determination of the vapor pressure curves of adipic acid and triethanolamine using thermogravimetric analysis

Abstract The evaporative properties of adipic acid, triethanolamine (TEA), and glycolic acid have been studied by thermal analysis. Samples were heated in a simultaneous thermogravimetric–differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA) unit at 10 °C min −1 in a dry nitrogen atmosphere flowing at 100 mL min −1 . Benzoic acid was used to calculate a calibration constant which could then be inserted into a modified Langmuir equation to calculate vapor pressure curves for adipic acid, TEA, and glycolic acid. The results were compared to vapor pressure curves generated by use of Antoine constants, where these were available. Good correlation was obtained between the two sets of curves for adipic acid and TEA. Glycolic acid decomposed and evaporated in the same temperature range, thus, making calculations invalid.
Developing a corpus of clinical notes manually annotated for part-of-speech

Abstract Purpose This paper presents a project whose main goal is to construct a corpus of clinical text manually annotated for part-of-speech (POS) information. We describe and discuss the process of training three domain experts to perform linguistic annotation. Methods Three domain experts were trained to perform manual annotation of a corpus of clinical notes. A part of this corpus was combined with the Penn Treebank corpus of general purpose English text and another part was set aside for testing. The corpora were then used for training and testing statistical part-of-speech taggers. We list some of the challenges as well as encouraging results pertaining to inter-rater agreement and consistency of annotation. Results We used the Trigrams‘n’Tags (TnT) [T. Brants, TnT—a statistical part-of-speech tagger, In: Proceedings of NAACL/ANLP-2000 Symposium, 2000] tagger trained on general English data to achieve 89.79% correctness. The same tagger trained on a portion of the medical data annotated for this project improved the performance to 94.69%. Furthermore, we find that discriminating between different types of discourse represented by different sections of clinical text may be very beneficial to improve correctness of POS tagging. Conclusion Our preliminary experimental results indicate the necessity for adapting state-of-the-art POS taggers to the sublanguage domain of clinical text.
Network flow based buffer planning

Abstract The problem of planning the locations of large number of buffers is of utmost importance in deep submicron VLSI design. Recently, [Cong, Kong, and Pan ICCAD-99, 1999, p. 358] proposed an algorithm to directly address this problem. Given a placement of circuit blocks, a key step in [1] is to use the free space between the circuit blocks for inserting as many buffers as possible. This step is very important because if all buffers can be inserted into existing spaces, no expansion of chip area would be needed. An effective greedy heuristic was used in [1] for this step. In this paper, we give a polynomial-time optimal algorithm for solving the problem of inserting maximum number of buffers into the free space between the circuit blocks. In the case where the “costs” of placing a buffer at different locations are different, we can guarantee to insert maximum number of buffers with minimum total cost. Our algorithm is based on efficient min-cost network-flow computations.
Development of the Online Repository of Theses and Dissertations of the University of Cebu – Graduate School Library (ucGSLIB)

Library provides both printed and unprinted materials that contain informationbasic in today’sknowledge-basedsociety.The roleof the libraryis not lim-ited to the promotion of readership but also includes the promotion of interests of readers who are ready to embrace technological advancements brought aboutby the emerging technologies of the 21st century. These digital technologies havechanged the way the library materials are accessed, maintained, and preserved ina repository. At the University of Cebu (UC), materials such as theses and dissertationsdone bythe graduate students arenot availableonline. Mostof the library patronshavedifficulty in locating these resources.The goal of this study was todevelopan online repositoryof theses and dissertationsof the UCGS . A combinationof descriptiveand quasi-experimental designs was used. Dataobtainedthroughquestionnaires,interviews,and content analysis wereused in systemconstruction.The researcherdesigned and developedthe online repositorythatadheresto the standardsfor database management, searchquery,user applicationinterface,and data integrity as tested byIT expertsand end-users. The researcher recommendsthe deployment,promotionand maintenance of the ucGSlib. Keywords: ICT, electronic thesis and dissertation (ETD), institutional repository (IR),library, Graduate School, ucGSlib, descriptive design, Cebu City, Philippines
Planned Leadtimes For Serial Production Systems

Abstract We investigate the problem of setting planned leadtimes in serial production systems when the actual leadtimes are stochastic. The objective is to minimize the sum of inventory holding costs, rescheduling costs arising from tardiness at intermediate stages of production, and tardiness of delivery to the customer. A single-pass algorithm is developed which finds optimal solutions. The analytical models underlying the algorithm and extensive computational experience indicate that it is never optimal to have planned leadtimes of zero when there are rescheduling costs at intermediate stages of production. This also implies that unconditional immediate dispatching is not optimal under these conditions.
Phenotypic Diversity of Modern Chinese and North American Soybean Cultivars

Chinese and North American (NA) soybean breeding programs have a 70-yr history of genetic progress in relative isolation from each other. Because both programs rest upon a genetic base that is primarily Chinese in origin, the actual genetic distinctness of Chinese and NA breeding is not clear. The objectives of this study were to (i) develop a phenotypic similarity (PS) index for a large group of Chinese and NA cultivars, on the basis of biochemical, morphological, and agronomic traits, (ii) compare Chinese and NA cultivars for PS through cluster analysis, and (iii) use results to develop guidelines for management of the contrasting Chinese and NA breeding programs as reservoirs of diversity. Chinese (47) and NA (25) cultivars were evaluated for 25 traits in growth chambers. Traits pleiotropic to maturity were avoided. Significant (P < 0.05) differences between Chinese and NA cultivars were noted for leaf and seed traits. Multivariate analysis captured 79% of the total genotypic variation among the 72 cultivars and was used to develop PS estimates. Cluster analysis of PS showed a much greater phenotypic diversity among Chinese than among NA cultivars and a striking distinctness between the two groups. The contrasting nature of Chinese and NA cultivars in this study is theorized to reflect that (i) the NA cultivars may trace to a subset of the Chinese cultivar genetic base, andlor (ii) Chinese and NA cultivars may have diverged phenotypically via breeder selection pressure. Cluster results here, based on PS, agreed roughly with previous cluster analyses, which were derived from pedigree analysis. The physical distinctness of NA and Chinese cultivars shows that introgression of Chinese cultivars into NA breeding should broaden NA germplasm's agronomic, morphological, and biochemical diversity. Introgression may be accomplished most effectively by avoiding matings of Chinese and NA cultivars from the same phenotypic cluster.
Oligotide attenuates leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction via P-selectin in the rat mesenteric vascular bed

A novel single stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide (oligotide) was studied for its ability to modulate leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction, by means of intravital microscopy in the rat mesenteric microvasculature. Superfusion of the rat mesentery with 50 μM NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), caused a significant, time-dependent increase in leukocyte rolling and adherence compared to control rats superfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution. However, oligotide (15 mg/kg i.v.) consistently reduced the L-NAME-induced leukocyte rolling (62 ± 14 vs. 23 ± 3 cells/min; P < 0.02) and adherence (11 ± 2 vs. 4 ± 1 cells/100 μm length of venule P < 0.01), without altering systemic blood pressure or mesenteric venular shear rate. Moreover, immunohistochemical localization of P-selectin expression on mesenteric venules was significantly increased (P < 0.01) after exposure to L-NAME, which was significantly attenuated by oligotide (P < 0.05). Similar results were also obtained by flow cytometric analysis performed on rat platelets. Stimulation of rat platelets with L-NAME significantly (P < 0.05) increased the fluorescence intensity of P-selectin, while the concomitant treatment of isolated rat platelets with L-NAME plus oligotide significantly (P < 0.005) attenuated P-selectin fluorescence intensity. Our data demonstrate that in vivo administration of oligotide can reduce leukocyte rolling and adherence in the mesenteric rat microvasculature by attenuating P-selectin expression, and confirming the key role of nitric oxide as an important regulator of leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction.
Cigarette smoking, cutaneous vasculature and tissue oxygen: an overview.

Background/aims: This is an overview of the effects of cigarette smoking on the cutaneous blood flow and tissue oxygen. Methods: Published reports on the use of bioengineering methods to evaluate the above are reviewed. Conclusions: There is no one ideal method for studying the effect of cigarette smoking on the cutaneous vasculature. All studies suggest that smoking decreases cutaneous blood flow, but it is not certain if this effect is site-specific. The tissue oxygen lowering effect of smoking could not be confirmed in all studies.
Operationalising the balanced scorecard using the Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence (MBCPE)

The balanced scorecard is a technique that translates an organisation's mission and strategy into a comprehensive set of performance measures. The performance measures are interrelated and strategic and include both financial and non-financial metrics covering the perspectives of financial, customer perspective, internal business, and innovation and learning perspectives. The Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence (MBCPE) is proposed as a methodology for operationalising the balanced scorecard and ensuring that the balance scorecard drives continuous improvement. The MBCPE framework includes the traditional perspectives found in the balanced scorecard in its core values, concepts, criteria categories and items. Literally all types of organisations have used both the balanced scorecard and the Baldrige framework, indicating that both have broad appeal and applicability.
On the Transfer of Parametric Values in L2 Development

White (e.g., 1990/1991; 1992a) argued that grammatical representations in second-language development can be understood in terms of parametric values that are transferred from the learner's native language. Schwartz (1993a; 1993b) and Schwartz and Sprouse (1994) push this view of transfer to its logical limit: The initial state of L2 acquisition is determined in its entirety by the parametric values of the native language. This article presents early-stage learner data that are not compatible with this strong view of parametric transfer. An alternative proposal is made, a weak transfer view in which lexical and functional projections transfer, and the headedness of those projections transfers, but morphology-driven values of features like the strength of agreement do not transfer. This idea is checked against learner data and is also evaluated for the extent to which it follows in a principled fashion from linguistic theory.
Measurement of the Coulomb logarithm in a radio-frequency Paul trap.

Samples of ultracold $^{174}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$ ions, confined in a linear radio-frequency Paul trap, are heated via micromotion interruption, while their temperature, density, and therefore structural phase are monitored and simulated. The observed time evolution of the ion temperature is compared to a theoretical model for ion-ion heating allowing a direct measurement of the Coulomb logarithm in a linear Paul trap. This result permits a simple, yet accurate, analytical description of ion cloud thermodynamic properties, e.g., density, temperature, and structural phase, as well as suggests limits to and improvements for ongoing trapped-ion quantum information efforts.
Alternative covariance estimates in a replicated measurement error model with correlated, heteroscedastic errors

The article concerns covariance estimates in a replicated measurement error model with correlated, heteroscedastic errors. Freedman has conjectured that using more of the data will improve estimates of covariance matrices and result in a more efficient estimate of the coefficient of the regression model. The paper confirms the conjecture asymptotically for the case that all random variables are normally distributed, but the gain is not substantial.
Metal to ligand charge transfer photochemistry of Re(I)-alkyl complexes

Abstract A preliminary study has been carried out concerning the photochemistry and photophysics of a series of (bpy)ReI(CO)3-R complexes, where bpy is 2,2′-bipyridine and R=−CH3,−CH2Ph and −Ph. Photolysis of the complexes into the lowest energy absorption band (436 nm) leads to a highly efficient ReC bond homolysis reaction for R=−CH3 and −CH2Ph. Absorption and low-temperature emission studies of the complexes suggest that the lowest excited state is based on dπ (Re)→π* (bpy) metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT). Nanosecond transient absorption studies confirm that the MLCT stare is formed after near-UV excitation of (bpy)Re(CO)3-Ph; however, only the reactive intermediate which is formed as a result of ReC bond homolysis is observed for (bpy)Re(CO)3−CH3 and (bpy)Re(CO)3−CH2Ph. The results are interpreted by a photochemical model in which the bond homolysis reaction occurs either directly from an unrelaxed MLCT excited state or from a spectroscopically silent state which is reached during non-radiative relaxation of the Franck-Condon MLCT state.
Potato virus Y transmission efficiency for some common aphids in Idaho

Green tile pan trap counts during the potato-growing season showed thatCapitophorus elaeagni (32%),Diuraphis noxia (27.7%), andMetopolophium dirhodum (15%) were the most abundant aphid species in potato fields at Aberdeen, Idaho.Acyrthosiphon pisum (22%),C. elaeagni (19%), andMetopolophium dirhodum (19%) were the most abundant species in potato fields at Tetonia, Idaho potato seed production areas. Eight species of aphids found to visit potato fields (C. elaeagni, D. noxia, M. dirhodum, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum padi, Schizaphis graminum, andSitobion avenue) were tested for Potato virus Y (PVY) transmission efficiency by timed probe experiments. Four of these species (D. noxia, M. dirhodum, M. persicae, andS. aoenae) and an additional three (Diuraphis frequens, Diuraphis mexicana, andDiuraphis tritici) were tested using mass inoculations.Capitophorus elaeagni, M. persicae, R. maidis, R. padi, andS. graminum all transmitted PVY in the timed probe experiments.Myzus persicae andD. noxia transmitted PVY in the mass inoculation experiments.
Study of overlay in EUV/ArF mix and match lithography

In preparation for EUV lithography (EUVL) in high volume manufacturing, a preproduction ASML NXE:3100 step-and- scan system was used to assess overlay performance under mix-and-match between EUV and ArF lithography, which will be critical for the successful insertion of EUV lithography into high volume 1x node production. Overlay sources of variation associated with EUV were investigated, including mask pattern-placement error (PPE), scan direction, and processing order. Furthermore, this study also looks into overlay control strategy development specifically for EUV/ArF mix-and-match lithography. Systematic and random overlay components will be discussed, as well as possible overlay modeling and control options.
James Petiver's “Mary-Land Yellow-Throat” – a bird misidentified through four centuries

The name “Mary-Land Yellow-Throat” coined by James Petiver in 1702 was subsequently applied to the bird now known as the common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas, and the term “yellowthroat”, ultimately derivable from Petiver, is now used as a generic term for all nine species of the warbler genus Geothlypis (Parulidae). Re-examination of Petiver's illustration shows that his bird cannot have been a Geothlypis warbler and was almost certainly the yellow-throated warbler, Dendroica dominica.
A head in the clouds

Purpose – There is a quiet change going on in computing that can alter the landscape of the software and information industries. Cloud computing promises to provide various information services at a lower cost and change the model of capitalizing IT investment for software entrepreneurs and businesses. What are the implications of this trend?Design/methodology/approach – As a viewpoint this article is based on personal reflection and analysis of trends in computing.Findings – This article outlines the key advantages of cloud computing and its likely implications on corporate IT strategy, software innovation and pricing. Increasingly IT will migrate to clouds, software innovation will burgeon as new vendors find less barriers to enter software businesses and pricing will be by use of applications.Originality/value – This reflective viewpoint provides pragmatic critical thinking on a key business and technology transformation.
Molecular characterization of caprine adeno-associated virus (AAV-Go.1) reveals striking similarity to human AAV5.

Abstract The complete genome of the caprine adeno-associated virus (AAV-Go.1) was sequenced, and the expression profile of AAV-Go.1 was determined following virus infection in primary lamb kidney cells. A remarkable similarity between the Rep coding region, the ITR sequence and the central intron of AAV-Go.1, and the human derived AAV5 was observed. The transcription profile of AAV-Go.1 was also quite similar to that of AAV5. AAV-Go.1 was able to efficiently infect human cell lines, following co-infection of human adenovirus, and in reciprocal experiments, AAV5 also was able to efficiently infect primary lamb cells and bovine cell lines. Recombinant AAV5 and AAV-Go.1 expressing the β-gal gene flanked by AAV5 ITRs, showed similar transduction efficiency in various human and animal cells. Studies of AAV-Go.1 may expand our understanding of the evolutionary relationship between the AAV-5-like group of AAVs, which, in addition to human derived AAV5, includes AAV viruses from bovine, caprine, and avian species.
Who Participates in Exit Polls

Concerns about growing and differential nonresponse in exit polls, and the challenges introduced by mounting levels of early and mail-in voting, suggest it is important to consider the demographic and attitudinal factors associated with exit poll nonresponse. In this study, we compare the demographic and attitudinal antecedents of exit poll nonresponse between exit polls conducted at voting precincts and those conducted via telephone. We find both similarities and differences in the factors that help to explain willingness to participate in exit polls of each type.
The German Response to Kant's Essay on Perpetual Peace: Herder Contra the Romantics

The author analyzes the three most widely discussed German early romantic responses to Kant's essay Zum ewigen Frieden, composed by Fichte, Friedrich Schlegel, and Gorres. Whereas most scholarly treatments of these responses argue that they go beyond Kant in advocating an even greater degree of cosmopolitan unity, freedom, and democracy in Europe after the French Revolution than did Kant, the author shows how Fichte, Schlegel, and Gorres betray a greater concern with both the disorder resulting from the Revolution, and a fear that reactionary forces will stifle its gains. Thus, their embrace of democracy was equivocal at best. The author concludes by arguing that Herder, in his response to Kant's treatise, argued for a greater level of freedom than did the early romantics, but also refuted what he saw as the cosmopolitan utopianism of Zum ewigen Frieden.
Exogenous nitrergic pathway involved in the regulation of gastric myoelectrical activity in dogs

Objective. Although the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on gastric motility has been investigated in numerous studies, its effects on gastric slow waves and spike activity which regulate gastric motility remained largely unknown. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that NO would impair gastric slow waves by reducing their regularity and amplitude as well as contraction-related spike activity. Material and methods. The study required four sessions in 8 dogs, 2 weeks after the implantation of four pairs of electrodes along the greater curvature of the stomach. In each session, saline, L-arginine (L-Arg) (75 mg/kg), NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (5 mg/kg) or L-Arg + L-NAME was given intravenously (IV) after a 30-min baseline recording in the fasting state. A solid test meal (200 g) was ingested 30 min after the IV injection of one of the medications. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded for 30 min at baseline, 30 min after the IV injection and 60 min after the meal. Results. The f...
Projection Op Tentative Expiry Date Prom One-Point Accelerated Stability Testing

AbstractThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is proposing that a satisfactory three-month stability testing of a drug product at 37 to 40 °C and 75% or higher relative humidity can be employed to project a tentative expiry date of two years from the date of manufacture. This proposal is theoretically analyzed and its limitation is established. A successful projection of the expiry date according to FDA's proposal depends on the drug level at the end of the accelerated stability testing, the activation energy, and the temperature of the accelerated condition and the normal storage condition. The applicability of this method in assessing the stability characteristics of pharmaceutical formulations in the development process is discussed.
Eyeing bacterial genomes

The density of information in a bacterial genome allows its history, organization and encoded functions to be distilled into a single graphical representation. These features have made it possible to discern the forces acting in and on bacterial genomes at levels not attainable in eukaryotes.
Acoustic Radiation Force Creep and Shear Wave Propagation Method for Elasticity Imaging

Elasticity imaging methods have been used to study tissue mechanical properties and have demonstrated that tissue elasticity changes with disease state. Quantitative mechanical properties can be measured in a model independent manner if both shear wave speed and attenuation are known. However, measuring shear wave speed attenuation is challenging in the field of elasticity imaging. Typically, only shear wave speed is measured and rheological models, such as Kelvin-Voigt, Maxwell and Standard Linear Solid, are used to solve for shear viscoelastic complex modulus. Acoustic radiation force has been used to study quasi-static viscoelastic properties of tissue during creep and relaxation conditions, however, as with shear wave propagation methods, a rheological model needs to be fit to the creep or relaxation experimental data to solve for viscoelastic parameters. This paper presents a method to quantify viscoelastic properties in a model-independent way by estimating complex shear elastic modulus over a wide frequency range using time-dependent creep response induced by acoustic radiation force. The acoustic radiation force induced creep (RFIC) method uses a conversion formula that is the analytic solution of the constitutive equation relating time dependent stress and time dependent strain. The RFIC method in combination with shear wave propagation is used to measure the complex shear modulus so that knowledge of the applied radiation force magnitude is not necessary. Numerical simulation of creep strain and compliance using the Kelvin-Voigt model shown that the conversion formula is sensitive to sampling frequency, the first reliable measure in time and the long term viscosity approximation. Experimental data are obtained in homogeneous tissue mimicking phantoms and excised swine kidneys.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
The value of risk-reducing information

This manuscript integrates the utility-increasing advantages of risk reductions into well-known value-of-information justifications for executive information systems (EIS). Accordingly, even some EISs which never pay for themselves financially can be advantageous if they sufficiently reduce the uncertainty of net income for “risk averse” hospitals. The manuscript demonstrates the potential importance of risk reductions in the context of a hypothetical hospital administrator charged with selecting among alternative managed care contracts, each with uncertain outcomes. An administrator representing a hospital with diminishing marginal utility from income, a standard interpretation of risk-aversion, may find that an otherwise unprofitable EIS reduces income variations (risk) sufficiently to justify its purchase.
Computed tomographic anatomy of the lung segments in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes--experimental study in a lung model.

Abstract This report presents the topographic anatomy of lung segments as seen on computed tomography in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse axial planes.
MolViewX: a molecular visualization program for the Macintosh OS X system

MolViewX is a molecular visualization tool written for the Macintosh OS X operating system with a graphical user interface designed for occasional or novice users, but which can also be used to create high-quality images rapidly for publication.
Full-wave analysis of antenna-array mutual coupling using the FETI-DEPM algorithm

The electromagnetic dual-primal finite-element tearing and interconnecting (FETI-DPEM) algorithm is applied to the three-dimensional (3D) full-wave analysis of mutual coupling between antenna arrays mounted on a large platform. For large antenna arrays with repeated unit cells, the geometrical repetition is fully utilized to reduce the computation time and memory requirements. For general antenna arrays without geometrical repetitions, the full-wave simulation using the FETI-DPEM algorithm is accelerated through parallel computation. The numerical scalability of the algorithm ensures a high-parallel efficiency on both shared- and distributed-memory systems. Curvilinear tetrahedral elements, higher-order vector basis functions, and port boundary conditions are employed in the finite-element formulation to accurately model the geometry and the fields in antennas and feeds. Simulations of antenna arrays on large platforms using the FETI-DPEM algorithm are carried out to demonstrate the efficiency and capability. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2088–2093, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24558
Drag reduction in solid‐fluid systems

Pressure drop measurements were made on a variety of dilute solid-liquid suspension systems in order to study the effects of particle shape and size, concentration, fluid viscosity, and tube diameter on friction factor. The central objective was to determine under what conditions drag reduction would occur.
Factor Bias under Stochastic Technical Change

Time-series procedures are employed to determine the influence of technological change in inducing factor bias in U.S. agricultural production between 1948 and 1983. A dynamic measurement error model is used to link research expenditures to the unobserved technological change variable. Biasedness in labor and material factor shares is established.