New tribal and generic placement for taxa of Pterostichini (auct.)(Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile with taxonomic notes on Trirammatus Chaudoir, 1838

THE PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST New tribal and generic placement for taxa of Pterostichini (auct.) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Juan Fermindez Archipelago, Chile with taxonomic notes on Trirammatus Chaudoir, 1838 KIPLING W. WILL ESPM-Insect BiologylEssig Museum of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 e-mail: kiplingw@nature.berkeley.edu Abstract. Based on the study of types and recently co1lected specimens, taxa from the Juan Fernandez Archipe1ego, Chile, presently considered incertae cedis within Pterostichus Bone1li, 1810 are newly placed based on adult morphological characters. Pterostichus kuscheli Straneo, 1955: 131 is placed within Metius Curtis, 1839 in the tribe Metiini. Metius kuscheli (Straneo 1955:131), comb. novo is regarded as a secondary subjective homonym of Metius kuscheli Straneo, 1955:137. Metius guillermoi nom. novo is proposed as a replacement name for Metius kuscheli (Straneo 1955:131). Taxa in Pterostichini-Pterostichus selkirki Andrewes, 1931, P. skottsbergi Andrewes, 1931 and Pterostichus ignobilis (Chaudoir 1876}-are a1l newly combined in Trirammatus Chaudoir, 1835, a1l comb. novo The taxonomic history of Feronia ignobilis Chaudoir, 1876 is clarified as it involves placement in several genera and a mix of species were included in the type series. Characters important for tribal and generic placement are discussed and illustrated for these taxa. Trirammatus guerini (Waterhouse 1841) is found to be a synonym of Loxandrus dubius (Curtis 1839) (Loxandrini), syn. novo Key Words. Coleoptera, Crusoe Island. Carabidae, Metiini, Loxandrini, Pacific island fauna, Robinson INTRODUCTION When Andrewes (1931) reviewed the carabid species of the Juan Fernandez Islands he described three species placing them in the genus Pterostichus Bonelli, 1810. He noted that they present unusual characters, and none would be included under Pterostichus sens. str., but he concluded that too little was known of the South American fauna at the time to make placement in an existing genus or description of a new genus appropriate. Instead he deferred to a more intensive study of the fauna in future years. There are presently only six endemic species of Pterostichini (auct.) described from the Juan Fernandez Archipelego. Of these three still remain incertae cedis in Pterostichus whereas all others, and all other South American Pterostichini, are ascribed to various genera (Straneo 1977, 1979; Lorenz 1998). As presently conceived, Pterostichus is a diverse Holarctic genus that does not have any clear close relatives in the Southern Hemisphere (Moore 1965, Will 2000). My recent collection of specimens from one of the islands of the archipelago, Robinson Crusoe Is., and study of types and additional material make it possible to place these species in South American taxa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens used for this study were btrrowed from the following institutions: The Natural History Museum, London (BMNH); Museo de Civico, Milano, Italy (MCHN); Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN), Essig Museum of Entomology,