cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Decay of mass-separated 187Au (8.4 min) to 187Pt

Abstract The decay of 187Au to 187Pt has been studied with mass-separated sources from the UNISOR facility. Multiscaled spectra of γ-rays. X-rays, and conversion electrons, as well as γγt, Xγt, eγt, and eXt coincidences were obtained. The half-life of the 187Au ground state was measured to be 8.4 ± 0.3 min. A decay scheme has been constructed incorporating 88% of the decay intensity assigned to 187Au. The i 13 2 band in 187Pt is populated through low-spin band members. The levels at 260 and 288 keV are found to de-excite by E0 transitions. From a γ-ray-gated K/β+ ratio, the β-decay energy of 8.4 min 187Au is deduced to be QEC = 3.90 ± 0.15 MeV. The positive-parity states in 187Pt are compared with calculations made using the Nilsson model with a triaxial degree of freedom. The possibility that shape coexistence is present at low energy in 187Pt is discussed.
Photochromic Control of Photoinduced Electron Transfer. Molecular Double-Throw Switch

A molecular double-throw switch that employs a photochromic moiety to direct photoinduced electron transfer from an excited state donor down either of two pathways has been prepared. The molecular triad consists of a free base porphyrin (P) linked to both a C60 electron acceptor and a dihydroindolizine (DHI) photochrome. Excitation of the porphyrin moiety of DHI−P−C60 results in photoinduced electron transfer with a time constant of 2.3 ns to give the DHI−P•+−C60•- charge-separated state with a quantum yield of 82%. UV (366 nm) light photoisomerizes the DHI moiety to the betaine (BT) form, which has a higher reduction potential than DHI. Excitation of the porphyrin of BT−P−C60 is followed by photoinduced electron transfer with a time constant of 56 ps to produce BT•-−P•+−C60 in 99% yield. Isomerization of BT−P−C60 back to DHI−P−C60 may be achieved with visible light, or thermally. Thus, photoinduced charge separation originating from the porphyrin is reversibly directed down either of two different pathwa...
Mechanisms of Mucosal Injury in the Stomach and Duodenum: Time-sequence Analysis of Morphologic, Functional, Biochemical and Histochemical Studies

This review is based on results from our laboratory and those published by others, and is focused on the early stages of pathogenesis that can be studied mostly in animals. Gastric mucosal injury is analysed on the examples of ethanol- and aspirin-induced lesions. Ethanol (50-100%) rapidly penetrates the mucosa, causes directly and/or indirectly (e.g., release of vasoactive products) endothelial damage in superficial and deep capillaries and venules. The vascular damage results in increased vascular permeability and decrease in blood flow leading to complete circulatory standstill in superficial capillaries 1-2 min after intragastric administration of concentrated ethanol. The direct chemical damage to surface mucosal epithelium is then followed by hypoxia and deep hemorrhagic necrosis in 1-5 min (erosion or ulcer). Unionized aspirin initiates a similar and complex yet slower progressing and less extensive erosion than alcohol. Duodenal erosion and ulcer produced by cysteamine, mepirizole or MPTP are preceded by excess acid in the proximal duodenum. This could be due to increased gastric acid output (1-4 hr), decreased bicarbonate secretion or duodenal dysmotility (0.5-8 hr) preventing the proper mix of acid and base in duodenal bulb. Necrosis and desquamation of absorptive cells in duodenal villi are evident 2-4 hr, followed by villus amputation (4-8 hr), erosion and ulcer (8-24 hr). The pathogenesis of gastroduodenal mucosal injury can thus be reconstructed from results obtained with animal models and from human studies. The results should serve as a basis to design protective drugs that are active on the basis of pathogenetic events.
Cortical control of specific and nonspecific sensory projections to the cerebral cortex

Activation of the frontal association response field of the cerebral cortex of cat by a brief train of electric shocks is shown to induce a subsequent marked depression of nonspecific evoked cortical association responses and an enhancement of the later components of evoked primary sensory responses. Both effects have been reported to accompany behavioral attending. The two effects of cortical stimulation can be differentiated by drug actions: strychnine abolishes the depression of association responses and picrotoxin abolishes the enhancement of primary responses. It is suggested that the frontal association response field may play a crucial role in the control of specific and nonspecific sensory projections to the cerebral cortex.
Effects of Varied Smoking Machine Parameters on Deliveries of Total Particulate Matter and Selected Smoke Constituents from an Ultra Low-Tar Cigarette

A typical ultra low-tar cigarette was mechanically smoked under varying conditions designed to simulate potential changes in human smoking behavior. Determination of the yields of total particulate matter and analyses of individual smoke components, including nicotine, phenolics, acids, and the humectant, glycerol, demonstrated significant changes in smoke composition as related to intensity and frequency of inhalation. Physical obstruction of tipping paper ventilation, by negating the effects of air dilution of smoke, resulted in increased smoke deliveries similar to those observed when puffing volume and frequency were increased.
Effects of Solder Wetting on Self-Alignment Accuracy and Modeling for Optoelectronics Assembly

Solder self-alignment is one of the most important technologies for cost effective optoelectronics assembly. In this study, the wetting of Sn-rich solder to the metal pads of chip and substrate was identified as a critical factor significantly affecting self-alignment accuracy during the assembly. Insufficient wetting of solder to the metallization pads was responsible for large chip-to-substrate misalignment post-assembly, while fabrication deviations, such as solder volume variation and pad diameter deviation, only account for misalignments in the range of submicrons. To aid the design of flip-chip assemblies requiring high alignment accuracy, a force optimization model was developed and validated experimentally. With the input parameters of design and manufacturing process for optoelectronics flip-chip assembly using solders, such as insufficient solder metallurgical wetting areas, positions and diameters of metallization pads, volume of individual solder bump, coefficient of solder surface tension, mass of chip, external forces acting on chip, and initial pick-and-place position of chip before assembly, the model predicts the assembled position of the chip in terms of the misalignments in the X-Y planes and the rotation angles along the Z axis. The model further confirmed that insufficient wetting of solder is the most critical modulator among the undesirable factors affecting solder self-alignment accuracy.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Sediment phosphorus release at a small impoundment on the Illinois River, Arkansas and Oklahoma, USA

Abstract The Illinois River in northeast Oklahoma and northwest Arkansas has been the focal point of environmental, political and legal debate over elevated P concentrations and loads transported across the Arkansas and Oklahoma border. The Oklahoma Water Resources Board has adopted numeric total P criteria (0.037 mg P L −1 ) in Oklahoma's Scenic Rivers, including the Illinois River. The US Geological Survey has reported flow-weighted total P concentrations approximately an order of magnitude greater than the newly adopted criterion. Furthermore, elevated dissolved P concentrations have been traced over 45 river kilometers upstream to municipal wastewater discharges in the headwaters of the Illinois River. The point of regulation regarding the total P criteria will be where the Illinois River flows from Arkansas into Oklahoma; however, a small impoundment exists at the Arkansas and Oklahoma border and the states respectively monitor water quality upstream and downstream from this impoundment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate P release from sediments accumulated in this small impoundment. Sediment P release measured in laboratory incubations was as much as 4 mg P m −2 day −1 under aerobic conditions and approximately 15 mg P m −2 day −1 under anaerobic conditions. Sediment equilibrium P concentrations (EPC 0 ) in laboratory equilibration studies were 0.05–0.20 mg P L −1 , which is greater than the total P criteria for this river in Oklahoma. Thus, it is conceivable that P released from bottom sediments in this small impoundment may, in fact, increase dissolved P concentrations in the Illinois River. The effect of internal P cycling at Lake Frances on P concentration in the Illinois River downstream might be greatest in the near future, because municipal discharges have recently reduced effluent P concentrations.
Postural adaptations to repeated optic flow stimulation in older adults

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand the processes of adaptation (changes in within-trial postural responses) and habituation (reductions in between-trial postural responses) to visual cues in older and young adults. Of particular interest were responses to sudden increases in optic flow magnitude. The postural sway of 25 healthy young adults and 24 healthy older adults was measured while subjects viewed anterior–posterior 0.4 Hz sinusoidal optic flow for 45 s. Three trials for each of three conditions were performed: (1) constant 12 cm optic flow amplitude (24 cm peak-to-peak), (2) constant 4 cm amplitude (8 cm p-t-p), and (3) a transition in amplitude from 4 to 12 cm. The average power of head sway velocity ( P vel ) was calculated for consecutive 5 s intervals during the trial to examine the changes in sway within and between trials. A mixed factor repeated measures ANOVA was performed to examine the effects of subject Group, Trial, and Interval on the P vel . P vel was greater in older adults in all conditions ( p P vel of the older adults decreased significantly between all 3 trials, but decreased only between Trials 1 and 2 in young adults. While the responses of the young adults to the transition in optic flow from 4 to 12 cm did not significantly change, older adults had an increase in P vel following the transition, ranging from 6.5 dB for the first trial to 3.4 dB for the third trial. These results show that older adults can habituate to repeated visual perturbation exposures; however, this habituation requires a greater number of exposures than young adults. This suggests aging impacts the ability to quickly modify the relative weighting of the sensory feedback for postural stabilization.
Psychopathy Deconstructed and Reconstructed: Identifying and Assembling the Personality Building Blocks of Cleckley's Chimera.

The psychopathy field has long been beset by confusion and contention regarding the boundaries and features of this chimerical condition.We propose that this disagreement stems largely from the historical separation between psychopathy and basic personality psychology. Using findings from a meta-analysis of the correlations between the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and normal-range personality traits as a launching point,we (a) deconstruct widely used measures of psychopathy into their constituent subdimensions and (b) examine the associations of these subdimensions with higher-order and lower-order personality dimensions drawn from the Big Five and Big Three frameworks. Our review of the adult psychopathy literature reveals broad agreement that psychopathy measures are imbued with low Agreeableness and low Conscientiousness. Nevertheless, substantial disagreement revolves around the place of largely adaptive features, especially high agentic Extraversion, low Neuroticism, and high Openness, within the psychopathy construct.We propose that ongoing debates regarding the nature and boundaries of psychopathy reflect a focus on two differing operationalizations of this condition, each of which reflects a different “species” of individual.
REGIME APPROACHES TO OBSCENITY POLICY: 1960s to 1980s

ABSTRACT: During the 1970s, the governing regimes of both Chicago and Seattle were confronted by sharp increases in the number of adult movie theaters, particularly in their central business districts. Since the traditional means of suppressing such businesses had been declared unconstitutional, these regimes were forced to derive new obscenity policies. The central concern of the Chicago regime was to construct policies that would prevent any further economic deterioration of the downtown Loop. Toward this end, the Chicago regime utilized legal harassment, changes in land use ordinances, and property development to force adult theaters from the Loop. The Seattle regime was less concerned about downtown development than with mollifying its traditional constituency in the residential neighborhoods. Thus, the Seattle regime created a policy that concentrated adult establishments downtown. Ultimately, both regimes were successful in achieving their separate policy goals.
COGNITIVE DISCRIMINATION IN BRAIN-DAMAGED ADULTS: COLOR VS FORM PREFERENCE

The relative preference of color, form, and other dimensions as the basis for discrimination between stimuli has been investigated in a variety of normal and language-impaired populations. In aphasic adults, previous studies have been contradictory, and no studies of non-aphasic, brain-damaged adults have been reported. In this study color vs form preference was examined in 20 left brain-damaged, aphasic adults, 20 right brain-damaged non-aphasic adults, and 20 control subjects. Significant differences were found among all groups, with preference of color over form greatest for left brain-damaged subjects, followed by right-damaged and control subjects.
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: is it in your community and should it change practice?

In this issue of Annals, Frazee et al have reported a phenomenon that many emergency physicians have already experienceddcommunity-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) now appears to be among the most common etiologies of skin and soft tissue infections. This study is a good example of how emergency department (ED) surveillance can be critical for making sentinel observations of community events on the basis of examination of clinically important syndromes. Past reports have noted increased proportions of S aureus isolates that are community-associated MRSA from specimens submitted to microbiology laboratories, but these studies suffer from biases associated with culture acquisition, poorly defined patient groups, and lack of prospective data collection to confirm absence of MRSA risk factors (eg, nursing home residence) in order to establish prevalence rates in otherwise healthy community members. Because this study is from one urban center with a large proportion of higher-risk patients such as intravenous drug users and the homeless, we must be cautious in assuming that its findings can be generalized to other areas. However, considering the increasing reports from various sources and sites, it appears that MRSA may be replacing methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) as the typical community staphylococcal strain. Antimicrobials that appear to have in vitro activity against US community-associated MRSA isolates include vancomycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampin, and linezolid. Most MRSA isolates are resistant to macrolides and quinolones, and many are resistant to tetracyclines. As mentioned by Frazee et al, some macrolide-resistant strains of MRSA have what has been termed ‘‘inducible’’ clindamycin resistance. This is found by the performance of a ‘‘D-test’’ in the microbiology laboratory, a procedure that is not routine in many centers. There have been case reports of treatment failures or recurrences associated with clindamycin therapy for these strains, but it appears that most patients will recover with clindamycin therapy. Concern about inducible clindamycin resistance is probably not a reason to completely avoid clindamycin for skin and soft tissue infections. Although data on treatment of community-associated MRSA–related skin and soft tissue infections are sparse, one study demonstrated that
TIP on books

Goldhammer, Keith, and Elam, Stanley, editors. Dissemination and Implementation: Third Annual Phi Delta Kappa Symposium on Educational Research. Bloomington, Indiana : Phi Delta Kappa, 1962. xi + 200 pp. $3.00. Buros, Oscar Krisen, editor. Tests in Print: a Comprehensive Bibliography of Tests for Use in Education, Psychology, and Industry. Highland Park, New Jersey : Gryphon Press, 1961. xxix‐+479 pp. $7.00. Dailey, John T., and Shaycoft, Marion F. Types of Tests in Project Talent: Standardised Aptitude and Achievement Tests. Cooperative Research Monograph No. 9. Washington, D.C.: Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1961. vi + 62 pp. 25 cents.
Arguing Like an Apocalypse: Galatians and an Ancient Topos Outside The Greco-Roman Rhetorical Tradition

George Kennedy affirms that Galatians rests on ethos, that Paul maintains the appearance of logical argument ‘perhaps more to seem to recognize the possibility of objections and to be prepared to answer them confidently than to provide a developed response’. Kraftchick concurs: ‘Since Paul's case is no more logical than his opponents’ the argument depends on non-logical factors: ethos and pathos.’ Rhetorical interpreters have difficulty tracing a logical argument throughout the letter: most bracket off the hortatory section of Galatians; Joop Smit has argued on rhetorical grounds that Galatians 5.13–6.10 is a later addition. That rhetorical interpreters dispute the species of rhetoric to which Galatians belongs also implies confusion over logical progression in the letter. Of course, the place of the hortatory material in Paul's argument has long been hotly debated; Paul's highly compressed arguments have long challenged interpreters. Yet because rhetorical critics claim to clarify the flow of argument in a text, their failure is especially striking. Does this difficulty in delineating a logical argument imply that Galatians contains irreconcilable contradictions as Smit argues, or that Paul offers an ethical rather than a logical argument as Kennedy and Kraftchick indicate, or that rhetoric is irrelevant to parenesis as Barclay concludes, or does it imply that rhetorical interpreters have yet to grasp the logical proof in the letter?
Voice recognition software as a compensatory strategy for postsecondary students with learning disabilities

Research indicates that persons with disabilities who obtain some level of postsecondary education are more likely to be employed compared to those who have no postsecondary education experience. The problem is that often people with disabilities are not able to overcome the barriers that exist in obtaining postsecondary education. When they do enroll in postsecondary education they often experience difficulty staying in, and completing their programs. The purpose of this research was to determine if assistive technology, in the form of voice recognition software, could assist in overcoming some of the barriers that exist for people with learning disabilities. The study sought to determine if voice recognition software was an effective compensatory strategy for students with learning disabilities in postsecondary education and the experiences of these students in relationship to their use of the software. Follow-up data will be collected to determine if the software is an effective compensatory strategy for the participants in their future employment.
Eye-spots in Lepidoptera attract attention in humans.

Many prey species exhibit defensive traits to decrease their chances of predation. Conspicuous eye-spots, concentric rings of contrasting colours, are one type of defensive trait that some species exhibit to deter predators. We examined the function of eye-spots in Lepidoptera to determine whether they are effective at deterring predators because they resemble eyes (‘eye mimicry hypothesis’) or are highly salient (‘conspicuous signal hypothesis’). We recorded the gaze behaviour of men and women as they viewed natural images of butterflies and moths as well as images in which the eye-spots of these insects were modified. The eye-spots were modified by removing them, scrambling their colours, or replacing them with elliptical or triangular shapes that had either dark or light centres. Participants were generally more likely to look at, spend more time looking at and be faster to first fixate the eye-spots of butterflies and moths that were natural compared with ones that were modified, including the elliptical eye-spots with dark centres that most resembled eyes as well as the scrambled eye-spots that had the same contrast as the natural eye-spots. Participants were most likely to look at eye-spots that were numerous, had a large surface area and were located close to the insects' heads. Participants' pupils were larger when viewing eye-spots compared with the rest of the insects' body, suggesting a greater arousal when viewing eye-spots. Our results provide some support for the conspicuous signal hypothesis (and minimal support for the eye mimicry hypothesis) and suggest that eye-spots may be effective at deterring predators because they are highly conspicuous signals that draw attention.
Assessment of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Substances in the Canadian Environment

Endocrine disruptors are a complex issue that continues to evolve. From a government perspective, the issue of endocrine disruptors is complicated by the inclusion of several related issues, making it difficult to deal with in an effective manner. The sub-issues probably need to be dealt with through different regulatory mechanisms. The endocrine disruptor issues can be divided into three main categories: a) issues associated with subtle responses to compounds that are persistent, lipophilic and capable of biomagnification; b) issues associated primarily with non-persistent and relatively hydrophilic substances in industrial and municipal effluents; and c) issues associated with screening existing and new chemicals for their capability of interacting with the endocrine system in an adverse manner. This paper discusses options for dealing with chemicals found in complex mixtures such as pulp mill effluents, sewage effluents and in-use agricultural chemicals. When studies documented potential concerns about the potential for pulp mill effluents to cause reproductive and endocrine changes in fish, the Government of Canada developed an Environmental Effects Monitoring program as part of the new regulatory package. The EEM program is designed to provide information on whether effects are present in the environment when industry complies with their regulated discharge requirements. Endocrine disruptors have the potential to cause environmental effects with other regulated effluents, and an EEM-type of approach would be capable of identifying situations where effects are present and need to be dealt with.
Work and family balance: How community college faculty cope

This chapter reports the results of a survey of faculty at one community college in the West. Findings suggest that balancing work and family remains a grave concern for faculty.
Investigations of acetonitrile solvent cluster formation in supercritical carbon dioxide, and its impact on microscale syntheses of carbon-11-labeled radiotracers for PET.

Abstract A new strategy has been developed for synthesizing positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers using [ 11 C]methyl iodide. This strategy relies on the ability of organic co-solvents to cluster within mixtures of supercritical fluids resulting in localized regions of high density which can serve as microscopic pockets for reaction. We've shown that acetonitrile will cluster about dilute solutes when mixtures of this co-solvent with carbon dioxide are forced to behave as a homogeneous fluid at the critical point. We applied this strategy in a systematic investigation of the conditions for optimized reaction between methyl iodide and l-α-methyl- N -2-propynyl phenethylamine (nordeprenyl) to yield l-deprenyl. Variables such as temperature, ultraviolet light exposure, co-solvent concentration, system pressure, and methyl iodide concentration were explored. The synthesis of radioactive [ 11 C]-l-deprenyl using no-carrier-added concentrations of [ 11 C]methyl iodide was also tested. Results showed that greater than 90% radiochemical yield of the desired product could be attained using 40 times less labeling substrate than in conventional PET tracer syntheses.
Potentiometric Detection of DNA Hybridization

The use of potentiometric microsensors is demonstrated here for the first time to detect DNA hybridization. Cadmium sulfide nanocrystal labels bound on a secondary oligonucleotide are dissolved and detected with cadmium-selective microelectrodes exhibiting DNA detection limits of ca. 2 fmol in a 200 μL sample.
Antleroma in a Free-ranging White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus):

A 2-year-old male free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was diagnosed with bilateral expansile tumors of antler origin. The deer was found dead by a landowner in High Springs, Florida. Two roughly spherical, multilobular, broad-based, bony, velvet-covered masses originated from each antler pedicle. These masses replaced or displaced many of the bones and soft tissues of the skull and extended through the left cribriform plate and the right petrous temporal bone, compressing portions of the brain. Microscopically, the masses closely resembled normal-growing antler, containing all the elements thereof but with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage suggestive of ischemi or trauma. Tumorlike outgrowths termed antleromas have been described in free-ranging and captive cervids and typically are associated with disruptions in the seasonal rise and fall of circulating testosterone necessary for normal antler growth, casting, and regeneration.
Fabrication of a prototype dipole for and the SSC Low Energy Booster

The Low Energy Booster of the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) will be a synchrotron containing 96 dipoles operating between 0.13 T and 1.35 T at 10 Hz. Each dipole's 1.885 m-long core is made from /spl sim/2900 steel laminations (lams), each 52/spl times/66 cm and 0.835 mm thick. A need to minimize power supply costs and stringent field specifications led to a straight core with very tight mechanical tolerances of the order of 0.05 mm. To satisfy these tolerances, we decided to stack the core in a vertical position; i.e., with the laminations laid horizontally. We designed and built an unusual vertical stacking fixture that pivots into a horizontal position after all the laminations have been stacked and compressed and four support angles welded onto the laminations. The stacking fixture, our experience using it, and conclusions as to the merits of stacking such a long core vertically will be described. The methods of insulating and potting the pancake coils and their installation into the unsplittable core is also described. >
Globally exponential continuous controller/observer for position tracking in robot manipulators with hysteretic joint friction

In this work, we present a continuous observer and continuous controller for a multiple degree of freedom robot manipulator with hysteretic joint friction. The fictitious hysteresis state is of course unknown to the controller and must be estimated. The joint velocities are assumed measured here. For this considered plant, we propose and present a continuous observer/controller that estimates or observes the hysteresis state and drives the position tracking error to zero. We prove that the combined tracking error and observer error converges to zero globally exponentially.
C. P. Steinmetz and E. F. W. Alexanderson: Creative engineering in a corporate setting

A Consulting Engineering Department was organized by the General Electric Company in 1910. It was designed to complement the General Electric Research Laboratory through a focus on creative engineering rather than basic science. The Department was conceived and directed during its early years by C. P. Steinmetz. It continued under the able leadership of a Steinmetz protege, E. F. W. Alexanderson, until its identity was finally lost during a reorgnization in 1951. The Department produced numerous innovations in communications, electronics and power engineering, including a world radio system that provided the technological basis for a new corporation, the Radio corporation of America, founded in 1919. The history of the Department and the philosophy articulated by Steinmetz and Alexanderson are considered from the perspective of recent studies of the nature of science and technology and their interaction.
Spiking neural network decoder for brain-machine interfaces

We used a spiking neural network (SNN) to decode neural data recorded from a 96-electrode array in premotor/motor cortex while a rhesus monkey performed a point-to-point reaching arm movement task. We mapped a Kalman-filter neural prosthetic decode algorithm developed to predict the arm's velocity on to the SNN using the Neural Engineering Framework and simulated it using Nengo, a freely available software package. A 20,000-neuron network matched the standard decoder's prediction to within 0.03% (normalized by maximum arm velocity). A 1,600-neuron version of this network was within 0.27%, and run in real-time on a 3GHz PC. These results demonstrate that a SNN can implement a statistical signal processing algorithm widely used as the decoder in high-performance neural prostheses (Kalman filter), and achieve similar results with just a few thousand neurons. Hardware SNN implementations - neuromorphic chips - may offer power savings, essential for realizing fully-implantable cortically controlled prostheses.
Iron, 1,3,2‐Benzodioxaborol‐2‐yldicarbonyl(η5‐2,4‐cyclopentadien‐1‐yl)

[148607-89-0] C13H9BO4Fe (MW 295.87) InChI = 1S/C6H4BO2.C5H5.2CO.Fe/c1-2-4-6-5(3-1)8-7-9-6;1-2-4-5-3-1;2*1-2;/h1-4H;1-5H;;;/q+1;;;;-1 InChIKey = GRSMLVHJPHGDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (transition metal boron reagent1-3 for stoichiometric borylation of arenes and alkenes under photochemical conditions) Physical Data: d = 1.567 g cm−3. Solubility: soluble in hydrocarbon solvents and halogenated solvents. Form Supplied in: pale yellow crystal. Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H NMR (C6D6) δ 7.13 (m, 2H), 6.81 (m, 2H), 4.20(s, 5H); 11B NMR (C6D6,BF3·OEt2) δ 51.8. Preparative methods: addition of ClBcat in toluene to a toluene suspension of Na[CpFe(CO)2] at ambient temperature followed by filtration, condensation, extraction with pentane, and crystallization at −30 °C from pentane solution.4 Purification: recrystallization at −30 °C from pentane solution. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: air and moisture sensitive, not compatible with donor solvents like H2O, alcohol, and THF, but thermally stable in solution at 120 °C. Should be stored and handled under an inert atmosphere or by using standard Schlenk techniques.
Perforations of the Alimentary Tract

Even in the current era of modern medicine, perforations of the alimentary tract often present a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The task of practicing radiologists is to promptly determine the occurrence of a perforation, its anatomic site and underlying cause, and the potential complications which may follow its conservative or surgical management.
Language Program Evaluation.

Language program evaluation is a pragmatic mode of inquiry that illuminates the complex nature of language-related interventions of various kinds, the factors that foster or constrain them, and the consequences that ensue. Program evaluation enables a variety of evidence-based decisions and actions, from designing programs and implementing practices to judging effectiveness and improving outcomes. Though often narrowly construed as an external accountability requirement only, evaluation may provide a heuristic for generating new knowledge; raising awareness; and transforming the educational, social, and economic circumstances of individuals and communities. In this article, I review the origins and interdisciplinary nature of program evaluation, and I trace its development within applied linguistics and language education in particular. I then consider the current contributions of language program evaluation, and I point to likely future trends. In particular, I highlight how changing global circumstances, technological affordances, and contexts and purposes for language learning and language use are both impacting the nature of evaluation and presenting challenges for which evaluation is uniquely suited to respond. I also emphasize the potential-versus as yet realized-contribution of program evaluation as a way of ameliorating gaps in current language research and practice, and I point to implications for training, dissemination, and integration of this mode of inquiry as an important part of the future intellectual core of applied linguistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Causes and Consequences of Variation in Parental Defense Behavior by Tree Swallows

In a three-year experimental study of parental defense behavior in Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), I presented live ferrets and rat snakes to parents in the vicinity of 113 nests on the 13th and 14th day after chick-hatching. Sex of the defending parent and the identity of the predator being defended against were the most significant determinants of variation in the 13 aspects of parental defense behavior measured. Males defended more aggressively than did females. This may be a correlate of stronger territorial behavior in this sex, rather than a strategic response to differing relatedness to the brood. Ferrets were defended against more strongly than were snakes. This may be a response to greater efficacy of defense behavior against ferrets. Attendance measures of the male and female parent at the nest are highly correlated, whereas intensity measures are much less so. Even those intensity measures that are significantly positively correlated have distributions with many pairs in which one parent does considerable defense and the other does none. I suggest hat parents are monitoring each other in the presence of the predator and refraining from defense to get their mates to defend actively. On the basis of observations of defense against many species, I suggest hat defense has three functions in Tree Swallows: Intimidation of small nest-site competitors, “moving on,” and distraction of larger nest predators. There is evidence that variation in both the costs and benefits of defense are important in affecting its intensity. Despite the large number of potential determinants examined, a large proportion of the variance in parental defense behavior remained unexplained. This large residual variation may be either an adaptation to avoid predator localization of the nest or enhance distraction, or a result of relatively low selective pressures or low frequencies of encounter between predators and swallows. Kev words: Tree Swallow: Tachvcineta bicolor; anti-predator behavior: parental care; life-t&tory evolution. .
Functional Response of the Parasite Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) at Low Densities of the Host Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

The functional response of the parasite Cotesia flavipes (Cameron) was measured at low densities of the host Diatraea saccharalis (F.) in field cages containing corn plants. Hosts were exposed to parasites by allowing host larvae to bore into the corn stalks and create the natural microhabitat associated with parasite foraging. Of 992 hosts exposed, 785 were recovered, of which 689 produced adult moths. In total, 96 hosts were considered attacked by C. flavipes . Thirty-four (35.4%) of the attacked hosts were successfully parasitized and produced C. flavipes progeny, and an additional 62 attacked hosts (65.6%) did not pupate or produce parasites, as a result of encapsulation of parasite progeny by the hosts. The 34 successfully parasitized hosts produced an average of 41.2 parasite progeny per host, of which 29.3 were female, giving a sex ratio (females-males) of 2.33: 1. Use of linear and nonlinear regression to describe the functional response gave nearly equal predictions of attack rates and fit the data equally well. The functional response was indistinguishable from a linear response over the range of host densities tested, whether parasitization was defined as the number of hosts producing parasite progeny, or the total number of hosts attacked. The two different measurements of the functional response of C. flavipes are important for estimating the success of parasite search inferred from the data, because attack rates that include only the number producing parasite progeny greatly underestimate the number of parasites finding hosts. The near linearity of the functional response is likely due to measurement of parasite success at realistic host densities, which avoids the limitations caused by measurement at artificially high host densities.
A Framework for Distributed, Loosely-Synchronized Simulation of Complex SystemC/TLM Models

Today’s virtual prototypes model complex many-core platforms. In application domains such as network processing, they may comprise hundreds of processors, which makes simulation speed the key issue due to the single-threaded execution semantics of SystemC. We propose CoMix, the Concurrent Model Interface, for the distributed simulation of large-scale SystemC models. CoMix provides robust communication between simulator peers, enables their loose synchronization, and manages the overall life cycle. It is an overlay technology neither requiring modified simulators nor depending on a hosts’ communication infrastructure. The CoMix framework is small (2k Lines of C++ Code) and easily deployable. We quantify its overhead on synthetic benchmarks and observe reasonable speedups for synthetic benchmarks as well as a large real-world example, e.g., 3.3X and 4X for a 4-peer simulation.
Bioequivalence of itraconazole dispersible tablets in healthy volunteers

Objective To study the bioequivalence of itraconazole dispersible tablets and itraconazole capsule in healthy voluteers. Methods Twenty healthy male volunteers were randomly administered with an oral single crossover dose of itraconazole capsule 0.2 g and itraconazole dispersible tablets 0.2 g (reference and test formulation). The plasma samples from the volunteers were collected to measure itraconazole by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters as well as bioequivalence of two preparations were analyzed using DAS Ver 1.0 program, ANOVA and two-one-sided t-test.Results The pharmacokinetic parameters of itraconazole of test and reference formulations were as follows:t1/2 were (20.89±4.58) , (21.05 ± 4.37) h;Cmaxwere (244.3 ± 69.8) , (240.2±66.3) ngmL-1;tmax were (4.05 ± 0.91) , (3.98±1.12) h;AUC0-72were (2786.5 ± 670.3) , (2802.8 ± 612.3 ) nghmL-1. The relative bioavailability of the test formulation was (96.8 ± 8.7) %.Conclusion Itraconazole dispersible tablets were bioequivalent to itraconazole capsule.
Determination of carbofuran in water by high performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization

Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of carbofuran in water. Methods HPLC with pre-column derivatization, chromatographic column of DIKMA C18(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) were used at room temperature and the mobile phase was methanol-potassium dihydrophospate(V∶V=60∶40) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Fluorescence detector wavelength was 339 nm(Ex) and 445 nm(Em). Results The regression equation was y= 49.995x-0.240 with the correlation coefficient of 0.999 8. The detection limit was 0.125 μg/L. The average rates of recovery were 90.2%-94.5% and the relative standard deviations were 3.98%-4.63%. Conclusion The method established in the present paper is applicable to the determination of carbofuran in water for the precision, accuracy and sensitivity,and less chemical regants.
Frequency of intimate partner violence history in gynecologic and breast cancers

OBJECTIVES: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been linked to cancer-related well-being. Frequency of IPV and sexual violence among women with cancer by specific cancer site has not been well characterized. Here the frequency of self-reported current and lifetime IPV was estimated among women diagnosed with cancer by primary site and the potential impact of IPV on delaying detection measured as stage at diagnosis. Methods: Women, ages 18 to 79 years, with an incident, primary, biopsy-confirmed cancer were recruited from 2 state cancer registries (Kentucky and North Carolina) within 12 months of their diagnosis (2009-2015). In a phone interview, consenting women reported current and past IPV experiences, current partner interfering behavior (PIB), sociodemographics, and cancer-related well-being indicators. Cancer registries provided stage, site, date of diagnosis, and age. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether women experiencing lifetime or current IPV or PIB were more likely to present (1) at a later stage at diagnosis, or (2) with specific cancer sites: cervical/vulvar, endometrial, and ovarian cancer relative to breast cancer. Results: A total of 2,320 women were included in the analysis. Of these, 1,981 had breast cancer, 158 had endometrial cancer, 84 had ovarian cancer, and 97 had cervical or vulvar cancer. Of women with cervical or vulvar cancer, 57.3% disclosed IPV or PIB, which was significantly higher than seen in the breast cancer group (37.2%, P Conclusions: Cervical and vulvar cancer are associated with an increased likelihood of lifetime IPV compared with other gynecologic cancer or breast cancer patients. IPV history is correlated with cancer-related well-being and may be an important determinant of quality of life. Copyright © 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc. Language: en
Lattice Dirac Fermions on a Simplicial Riemannian Manifold

The lattice Dirac equation is formulated on a simplicial complex which approximates a smooth Riemann manifold by introducing a lattice vierbein on each site and a lattice spin connection on each link. Care is taken so the construction applies to any smooth D-dimensional Riemannian manifold that permits a spin connection. It is tested numerically in 2D for the projective sphere ${\mathbb{S}}^{2}$ in the limit of an increasingly refined sequence of triangles. The eigenspectrum and eigenvectors are shown to converge rapidly to the exact result in the continuum limit. In addition comparison is made with the continuum Ising conformal field theory on ${\mathbb{S}}^{2}$. Convergence is tested for the two point, $⟨\ensuremath{\epsilon}({x}_{1})\ensuremath{\epsilon}({x}_{2})⟩$, and the four point, $⟨\ensuremath{\sigma}({x}_{1})\ensuremath{\epsilon}({x}_{2})\ensuremath{\epsilon}({x}_{3})\ensuremath{\sigma}({x}_{4})⟩$, correlators for the energy, $\ensuremath{\epsilon}(x)=i\overline{\ensuremath{\psi}}(x)\ensuremath{\psi}(x)$, and twist operators, $\ensuremath{\sigma}(x)$, respectively.
A novel method for prediction of flashover of in-service EPDM insulators

A new approach is presented to predict the flashover of EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) NCI (nonceramic insulators) in service based on the measurement of surface resistance in the laboratory. This method is shown to be more accurate in predicting flashover of NCI when compared to conventional ESDD (equivalent salt deposit density) measurement. A critical value of surface resistance that will result in a flashover has been determined which is useful for assessing the condition of in-service NCI with respect to flashover.
PFEAST: a high performance sparse eigenvalue solver using distributed-memory linear solvers

The FEAST algorithm and eigensolver for interior eigenvalue problems naturally possesses three distinct levels of parallelism. The solver is then suited to exploit modern computer architectures containing many interconnected processors. This paper highlights a recent development within the software package that allows the dominant computational task, solving a set of complex linear systems, to be performed with a distributed memory solver. The software, written with a reverse-communication-interface, can now be interfaced with any generic MPI linear-system solver using a customized data distribution for the eigenvector solutions. This work utilizes two common "black-box" distributed memory linear-systems solvers (Cluster-MKL-Pardiso and MUMPS), as well as our own application-specific domain-decomposition MPI solver, for a collection of 3-dimensional finite-element systems. We discuss and analyze how parallel resources can be placed at all three levels simultaneously in order to achieve good scalability and optimal use of the computing platform.
Abstract 13840: National and Regional Trends in Heart Failure Hospitalization and Mortality Rates for Medicare Beneficiaries: 1998-2008

Background: Whether recent declines in ischemic heart disease and its risk factors have been accompanied by declines in heart failure (HF) hospitalization and mortality is not known. We sought to e...
David Oliver: When are hospital doctors right to challenge patients' families?

I’ve written before here about the importance of actively involving hospital inpatients’ relatives—especially those who play vital and stressful roles as carers—and of ensuring timely and accessible conversations.1 Inadequate or insensitive communication lies behind many complaints.23 But doctors responsible for large numbers of inpatients in overstretched hospitals have obligations to balance. Our primary obligation to the patient is enshrined in professional codes.4 Then come obligations to all our patients, whether or not they have involved or questioning relatives. Time shouldn’t be skewed disproportionately towards a few families …
Array of broadband electromagnetic induction sensors for detecting buried objects

A broadband electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor array is developed to help discriminate between types of metallic targets. The sensor uses a single dipole transmit coil and an array of four quadrapole receive coils. The sensor operates in the frequency domain and collects data at 15 logarithmically spaced frequencies from 1 kHz to 90 kHz. The system is designed to be very sensitive while making very accurate measurements. The accuracy is very important to be able to filter out soil effects and to effectively classify targets. Experimental results are presented to show the accuracy of the system.
An algorithm of optimal settings for PIDD 2 D 3 -controllers in ship power plant

The analysis of the operation of PID regulators is performed with both perfect differentiation and taking into account the real differentiation of the controlled variable s deviation. Compared the sensitivity of automatic control systems (ACP) with a PIDD2D3 controller tuned to a minimum of the integral criterion for the modulus and a minimum of the linear integral criterion with the same stability margin according to a given value of the oscillation frequency index. The possibility of a robust compromise adjustment that guarantees the preservation of a given margin of stability under the predicted nature of the change in the dynamics of an object is considered.
Anti-Markovnikov alkene oxidation by metal-oxo-mediated enzyme catalysis.

Catalytic anti-Markovnikov oxidation of alkene feedstocks could simplify synthetic routes to many important molecules and solve a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Here we report the engineering of a cytochrome P450 enzyme by directed evolution to catalyze metal-oxo–mediated anti-Markovnikov oxidation of styrenes with high efficiency. The enzyme uses dioxygen as the terminal oxidant and achieves selectivity for anti-Markovnikov oxidation over the kinetically favored alkene epoxidation by trapping high-energy intermediates and catalyzing an oxo transfer, including an enantioselective 1,2-hydride migration. The anti-Markovnikov oxygenase can be combined with other catalysts in synthetic metabolic pathways to access a variety of challenging anti-Markovnikov functionalization reactions.