cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Knowing how they feel : Perceiving emotions felt by outgroups

Individuals can often accurately perceive others’ emotions in a purely interpersonal context. However, when people identify with an important ingroup, they experience distinctive patterns of emotion [Smith, E. R., Seger, C. R., & Mackie, D. M. (2007). Can emotions be truly group-level? Evidence regarding four conceptual criteria. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 431–446]. Thus, in three studies using a variety of meaningful groups, we examine how a salient distinction between groups might influence people’s ability to estimate the emotions of outgroup members. Participants demonstrated substantial though imperfect accuracy in estimating the emotions reported by outgroups. Specific biases affected their estimates, especially the overlap of perceived emotions of the outgroup with the ingroup’s own emotions. Furthermore, there was a general overprediction of outgroups’ negative emotions and underprediction of their positive emotions. Because of the importance of an outgroup’s emotions as potential causes of their behavior, accuracy and biases in group emotion estimation may be consequential for intergroup relations.
Autonomous science agents and sensor Webs: EO-1 and beyond

An autonomous science agent, part of the New Millennium Space Technology 6 Project is currently flying onboard the Earth Observing One (EO-1) spacecraft. This software enables the spacecraft to autonomously detect and respond to science events occurring on the Earth. The package includes software systems that perform science data analysis, deliberative planning, and run-time robust execution. This software has demonstrated the potential for space missions to use onboard decision-making to detect, analyze, and respond to science events, and to downlink only the highest value science data. As a result, ground-based mission planning and analysis functions have been greatly simplified, thus reducing operations cost. We describe several technology infusions applications being developed. We also describe how the software has been used in conjunction with other satellites and ground sensors to form an autonomous sensor-Web.
Linguistic processes in deductive reasoning.

The present paper develops a theory to specify in part how a person stores and searches through information retained from sentences. The theory states that (a) functional relations, like the abstract subject-predicate relation which underlies sentences, are more available from memory than other, less basic kinds of information; (6) certain "positive" adjectives, like long, are stored in memory in a less complex and more accessible form than their opposites, like short; and (c) listeners can only retrieve, from memory, information which is congruent at a deep level to the information they are searching for. The present theory, unlike previous ones, correctly predicts the principal differences in the solution times of 8 types of two-term series problems and 32 types of three-term series problems (e.g., // John isn't as bad as Pete, and Dick isn't as good as Pete, then who is worst?). It also accounts for previous observations on children solving these problems and explains other phenomena in deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning has often been studied in particular types of reasoning problems. The strategies suggested for their solution have therefore often been of limited generality : they apply in one kind of problem and that kind alone. The present paper proposes, instead, that reasoning is accomplished mainly through certain very general linguistic processes, the same mental operations
Sociotechnical Theory: Managing Boundaries to Enhance Student Learning

This article examines some of the implications of sociotechnical theory for instructors and administrators in higher education. Concepts that have been used in the past primarily to describe and explain behavior in business, hospitals, and similar organizations, are applied to educational settings and problems. Among the concepts developed and applied in this analysis are those of boundary maintenance and control, defense against anxiety, the effects of uncertainty on instructional design, and "quality of life" issues in the classroom. The function of instructors is described as defining boundaries and regulating transactions across them. The major responsibility of students is posited to be learning, a responsibility which they must accept if the system is to accomplish its primary task.
Characteristics of narrow-channel polysilicon thin-film transistors

The effect of channel width on the characteristics of polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) was investigated. n-channel TFTs with a channel length L of 20 mu m and a channel width W ranging from 20 to 0.5 mu m were fabricated and characterized. The most prominent effect of reducing the TFT channel was found to be a drastic decrease in threshold voltage when W was reduced to less than 5 mu m. This decrease was found to be correlated with the decrease in grain-boundary trap density. >
Electrical Relaxation in Na2O·3SiO2 Glass

The electrical relaxation associated with alkali diffusion in Na2O·3SiO2 glass was studied from 0.2 Hz to 700 kHz at –1° to 163°C. A formalism for analysis of electrical relaxation in conducting dielectrics which associates the nonexponential decay of the electric field to zero and the dispersions in the dielectric constant and the conductivity with a distribution of relaxation times for the electric field was developed and is shown to be in qualitative accord with current molecular theories of electrical relaxation in alkali silicate glasses. A relation between the dc conductivity, the limiting high-frequency dielectric constant, and the average electric field or conductivity relaxation time was derived and is verified experimentally for the Na2O·3SiO2 glass. The distribution of electric-field relaxation times for the glass is broad, asymmetric on a logarithmic scale, and weighted in favor of the shorter relaxation times; the distribution narrows with increasing temperature. A reduced electrical relaxation curve which can be used to compare electrical and mechanical relaxations in Na2O·3SiO2 glass was generated.
Transcriptome Profiling of Vertical Stem Segments Provides Insights into the Genetic Regulation of Secondary Growth in Hybrid Aspen Trees

;In order to better understand the genetic regulation of secondary growth in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L.×P. alba L.), we carried out a series of cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based transcriptome analyses in vertical stem segments that represent a gradient of developmental stages with regard to secondary growth. This approach allowed us to screen >80% of the transcriptome expressed in six samples and identify genes differentially expressed with the progress of secondary growth, in a tissue-specific manner. Of the 76,800 transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) analyzed, 271 TDFs were selected and sequenced based on their differential expression patterns. Many of the xylem-up-regulated genes were involved in cell wall and lignin biosynthesis, while the barkup-regulated genes had diverse functional roles. About 25% of the xylem-up-regulated TDFs analyzed were involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, which produces the cell wall polymer lignin and various wood extractives. In addition, many of the TDFs showing secondary xylem-specific expression were annotated as genes not previously reported in Populus, including novel cell death proteins, cytoskeleton-interacting proteins, transporters and putative transcription factors.
Optimizing the JPEG2000 binary arithmetic encoder for VLIW architectures

The paper proposes several techniques for optimizing the JPEG2000 binary arithmetic encoder on very long instruction word (VLIW) architectures. Binary arithmetic coding (BAC) contains a large amount of conditional and sequential processing steps that make parallelism on VLIW devices difficult to realize. The paper illustrates an optimized software implementation that can software pipeline on a VLIW device. The Texas Instruments (TI) TMS320C64x digital signal processor (DSP) was chosen as the implementation platform. Results of our optimized code show a 2.4/spl times/ performance speed-up over a straightforward implementation of the arithmetic encoder as defined in the JPEG2000 standard.
Portfolio as a Teaching Method: A Capstone Project to Promote Recognition of Professional Growth.

A reflective portfolio as a capstone assignment was selected to accomplish recognition by teachers completing a science, technology, mathematics, engineering master’s program for elementary teachers about their professional and personal changes and to provide program evaluators additional qualitative data regarding attainment of program goals. As the teachers in the program (N=20) neared the completion of the program, they were required to take a comprehensive look at their experience. This data-driven, reflective portfolio experience showed that the process clarified teachers’ learning in strategies to improve student learning, importance of reflective practice, their role as a teacher leader, dedication to life-long learning and confidence in being an effective professional educator.
The Effect of Cognitive Apprenticeship-Based Professional Development on Teacher Self-Efficacy of Science Teaching, Motivation, Knowledge Calibration, and Perceptions of Inquiry-Based Teaching

This study investigated the effects of a 1-year professional development (PD) based on a cognitive apprenticeship model of research experiences on inservice teacher self-efficacy of science teaching, motivation, knowledge calibration, and perceptions of inquiry of 19 secondary earth science and biology teachers. The PD facilitator, who serves a dual role as a scientist and teacher educator, utilized a cognitive apprenticeship model to shape both scientific thinking and inquiry instruction with 19 inservice teachers. Results indicated that inservice teachers changed their perceptions of inquiry and maintained high self-efficacy throughout all phases of the study. However, teachers refrained from making long-term changes in their cognitive strategy instruction. Implications provide a fuller picture of teacher learning during a RET program, supported with inquiry instruction and the implications of cognitive apprenticeships in offering authentic science research experiences with minimal laboratory resources.
Formations of formations: hierarchy and stability

In this paper, we consider a hierarchy of vehicle formations exchanging information among themselves with the intention of completing a given mission at pre-specified coordinates in space. The objective is to understand how the communication infrastructure can be used to construct a decentralized controller and how it influences the stability of hierarchical vehicle formations. Our main result is that stability at higher levels of the hierarchy is guaranteed for certain vehicle communication infrastructures.
Tolazoline hydrochloride (Priscoline): an effective pulmonary vasodilator.

Abstract Eight infants and young children who had ventricular septal defects and high pulmonary vascular resistances were carefully selected to illustrate the pulmonary vasodilator effects of tolazoline. In each of these 8 patients, tolazoline produced a marked reduction in pulmonary hypertension (average decrease, 28 mm. Hg) and an impressive decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance (over 50 per cent) to normal levels. The effects of tolazoline on the cardiovascular dynamics of 11 normal subjects were also examined and found to be minimal. When tolazoline is delivered directly into the pulmonary artery in a dose of 1 mg. per kilogram over 45 seconds, it is highly effective in relieving pulmonary vasoconstriction.
The Competence of the States in “External Affairs”

It has been pointed out previously that the federal structure of the Australian Commonwealth in itself and the division of legislative powers between federal and state legislatures under the Constitution constitutes limitations upon the exercise of the treaty-making power as well as upon the legislative power, both federal and state, to implement treaties under Section 51, placitum 29. This proposition thus raises questions of competence of the Australian states in “external affairs” and in the exercise of the treaty-making power proper.1 Hence, a discussion of the legal competence of the states in “external affairs” may appropriately begin with a brief historical introduction.
Interaction between Sp1 and Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins Is Important in Transactivation of a Differentiation-related Gene

The stratified squamous epithelium is a model system in which to define molecular mechanisms underlying the switch from proliferation to differentiation. This can be achieved through the functional dissection of keratin gene promoters. Having previously established the importance of keratin 4 in maintaining the differentiated phenotype in corneal epithelial cells, we investigated the role of Sp1-mediated transactivation of the keratin 4 promoter given the role of Sp1 in differentiation and cell cycle progression. Sp1 transactivation of the keratin 4 promoter was diminished in cyclin D1-overexpressing cells, which may be mediated through a newly described direct interaction between Sp1 and cyclin D1 and opposed by a complex between Sp1 and pRB.
Insect Diversity in Two Burned and Grazed Grasslands

Abstract This study examined insect diversity in two native grassland ecosystems undergoing burning and grazing by bison and cattle, the Niobrara Valley Preserve (Nebraska) and the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve (Oklahoma). Sweep-sampling for insects was conducted during July 1994 and 1995 along transects in management units that were grazed by bison and partially burned, grazed by cattle and either burned (Tallgrass) or unburned (Niobrara), or ungrazed and unburned. At both sites, species richness (S) and diversity (log series α) were higher and similarity (Sorensen’s index) lower for bison than for cattle or ungrazed management units. High bison management unit diversity was associated with significantly higher S and α in burned (Tallgrass) and unburned (Niobrara) portions of bison units compared with their respective cattle units, suggesting that habitat heterogeneity in terms of plant productivity, composition, and structure were higher in bison versus cattle and ungrazed management units. Replicated fact...
A Sales Representative Is Made: An Innovative Sales Course

Job openings for nonscientific business-to-business sales professionals will increase over the next 10 years. A small private university in the Midwest has developed an innovative sales course to help create professionals who are ready to fill this need. This article addresses the challenges of creating a meaningful, hands-on, experiential course for undergraduate students who are trained and developed in sales skills, practice with a live client, and receive a commission for a successful close. Writing skills, speaking skills, and critical thinking skills are honed in a supportive environment through a variety of hands-on, class activities in this teaching innovation.
From Language to Family and Back: Native Language and Language Family Identification from English Text

Revealing an anonymous author’s traits from text is a well-researched area. In this paper we aim to identify the native language and language family of a non-native English author, given his/her English writings. We extract features from the text based on prior work, and extend or modify it to construct different feature sets, and use support vector machines for classification. We show that native language identification accuracy can be improved by up to 6.43% for a 9-class task, depending on the feature set, by introducing a novel method to incorporate language family information. In addition we show that introducing grammarbased features improves accuracy of both native language and language family identification.
The visual rhetoric of propaganda

This paper reviews the history of propaganda from classical Greece to the present day. Three levels of political propaganda are proposed — myth, ideology and action — and their interaction described. The prevalence of propaganda techniques is identified in numerous regimes — both wartime and peace-time, and both totalitarian and democratic
Acquisition of Multidimensional NMR Data on GST-Fused Proteins

With the advances in biological sciences, there is a prevalent demand for large quantities of biologically active polypeptides. High throughput screenings in fields such as proteomics, genomics and bioinformatics give a large variety of proteins that could potentially have therapeutic, diagnostic or industrial purposes and recombinant proteins have become the preferred way of production.Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) is not only a very commonly used affinity tag to increase expression yields, but is also known to enhance the solubility of the protein of interest making it a valuable tool in the pursuit of purifying recombinant proteins.Multidimensional NMR spectroscopy is a popular technique to elucidate the 3D structure of proteins in solution. However, obtaining the structural information of peptides and small proteins can be challenging. We have developed a new method, which facilitates the acquisition of NMR based structural information on protein(s) of interest by using the GST-tagged target protein. Our results show that the carrier protein GST surprisingly does not seem to have an effect on the quality of NMR data of its associated fusion partner. It is well known that GST isozymes exist as dimers, but there has been little research on the state of GST-fused proteins. Our results suggest that the GST-tag and the fused partner can be observed as two entities in multidimensional NMR spectra. Furthermore, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) supports that GST-fused proteins are predominantly dimers in solution. We predict the loss of signals in the 1H-15N HSQC spectrum corresponding to the GST carrier is primarily due to decrease in the T2 relaxation rate.
Immune effect monitoring on four vaccine in immunization programmes for some children of Shuangzitai district

Objective To understand the antibody positive rate of four vaccine in immunization programmes for children in Shuangtaizi district.Methods Adopting the method of random sampling,taking Shuangtaizi district aged 1~15 years old children as the research object,using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,measles,encephalitis,meningitis A+C,poliomyelitis antibody of IgG.ResultsA total of 2980 test cases,the antibody positive rate of four vaccines were: measles 96.01%,encephalitis 95.11%,meningitis A+C 86.98%,poliomyelitis 91.48%.Conclusion Shuangtaizi district,1~15 years old children in 4 kinds of vaccine antibody positive rate is maintained at a high level.
Quadratic Programming Problems

In this chapter nonconvex quadratic programming test problems are considered. These test problems have a quadratic objective function and linear constraints. Quadratic programming has numerous applications (Pardalos and Rosen (1987), Floudas and Visweswaran (1995)) and plays an important role in many nonlinear programming methods. Recent methods of generating challenging quadratic programming test problems and disjointly constrained bilinear programming test problems can be found in the work of Vicente et al. (1992) and Calamai et al. (1993). Furthermore, a very broad class of difficult combinatorial optimization problems such as integer programming, quadratic assignment, and the maximum clique problem can be formulated as nonconvex quadratic programming problems.
Unsuspected Malignancies in Routine Femoral Head Histopathologic Examination During Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Abstract Background Routine femoral head histopathology during primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been recently reported as a potentially useful screening tool for bone- and bone marrow–associated malignancies. However, cost-effectiveness of routine histopathology during THA remains unclear due to low prevalence of significant medical findings which alter patient management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of routine histopathology in diagnosing unsuspected malignancy in patients undergoing primary THA. Methods From 1993 to 2011, we retrospectively analyzed routine histopathologic findings of 3200 femoral head specimens from 2725 patients that underwent primary THA. Preoperative and postoperative diagnoses were classified into concordant (clinical diagnosis concurred with pathologic diagnosis), discrepant (differing diagnosis with no resultant impact on patient management), and discordant (differing diagnosis with subsequent change in patient management). Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using the incremental cost-utility ratio. Results A total of 3055 of 3200 pathologic samples were concordant with the preoperative diagnosis (95.4%), 140 of 3200 were discrepant (4.4%), and 5 of 3200 were discordant (0.2%). Routine histopathology revealed 1 unsuspected malignancy out of 640 (5 of 3200) femoral heads. The total cost of histopathologic screening was $614,664.80. The average cost to identify a discrepant case was $4390.46, and the cost to identify a discordant case was $122,932.96. The incremental cost-utility ratio was $49,569.74 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Conclusion Our study indicates routine femoral head histopathology may be cost-effective in diagnosing unsuspected malignancy at $49,569.74/QALY gained (less than World Health Organization recommended threshold $159,000/QALY gained), providing useful clinical information for surgeons considering the value of routine femoral head histopathology in patients undergoing THA.
Developing a novel epileptic discharge localization algorithm for electroencephalogram infantile spasms during hypsarrhythmia

Infantile spasms (ISS) is a devastating epileptic syndrome that affects children under the age of 1 year. The diagnosis of ISS is based on the semiology of the seizure and the electroencephalogram (EEG) background characterized by hypsarrhythmia (HYPS). However, even skilled electrophysiologists may interpret the EEG of children with ISS differently, and commercial software or existing epilepsy detection algorithms are not helpful. Since EEG is a key factor in the diagnosis of ISS, misinterpretation could result in serious consequences including inappropriate treatment. In this paper, we developed a novel algorithm to localize the relevant electrical abnormality known as epileptic discharges (or spikes) to provide a quantitative assessment of ISS in HYPS. The proposed algorithm extracts novel time–frequency features from the EEG signals and localizes the epileptic discharges associated with ISS in HYPS using a support vector machine classifier. We evaluated the proposed method on an EEG dataset with ISS subjects and obtained an average true positive and false negative of 98 and 7%, respectively, which was a significant improvement compared to the results obtained using the clinically available software. The proposed automated method provides a quantitative assessment of ISS in HYPS, which could significantly enhance our knowledge in therapy management of ISS.
Auroral Substorms: Search for Processes Causing the Expansion Phase in Terms of the Electric Current Approach

Auroral substorms are mostly manifestations of dissipative processes of electromagnetic energy. Thus, we consider a sequence of processes consisting of the power supply (dynamo), transmission (currents/circuits) and dissipations (auroral substorms-the end product), namely the electric current line approach. This work confirms quantitatively that after accumulating magnetic energy during the growth phase, the magnetosphere unloads the stored magnetic energy impulsively in order to stabilize itself. This work is based on our result that substorms are caused by two current systems, the directly driven (DD) current system and the unloading system (UL). The most crucial finding in this work is the identification of the UL (unloading) current system which is responsible for the expansion phase. A very tentative sequence of the processes leading to the expansion phase (the generation of the UL current system) is suggested for future discussions. This proposed sequence is not necessarily new. Individual processes involved have been considered by many, but the electric current approach can bring them together systematically and provide some new quantitative insights.
Effect of auditory stream segregation cues on binaural pitch fusion

Binaural pitch fusion, the fusion of dichotically presented tones that evoke different pitches across ears, can be influenced by temporal envelope cues such as coherent amplitude modulation (Oh and Reiss, ASA 2017). This suggests that binaural pitch fusion may be governed at least in part by top-down processes involved in auditory grouping. The current study was designed to investigate how temporal streaming cues either prior or posterior to a fused dichotic tone pair can influence binaural pitch fusion. Six normal-hearing (NH) listeners and six bilateral hearing-aid (HA) users were tested in a modified auditory streaming paradigm (Steiger and Bregman, 1982). A pair of simultaneous, dichotic reference and comparison stimuli was placed in rapid alternation with a third binaural (diotic) capture stimulus, for a total of 10 alternations. The binaural fusion ranges, the frequency ranges over which binaural pitch fusion occurred for dichotic stimuli, were smaller when measured with the streaming paradigm than ...
Impact Related Shock on the Lunar Surface and the Lunar Paleomagnetic Record

The work of Baldwin and others discussed in Chap. 2 had shown that the craters and basins of the moon were the result of giant impacts, which must have generated large shock waves over considerable volumes. Could these shock effects, or possible magnetic fields generated in the events, explain the remanent magnetism (NRM) of the lunar samples?
The Use of Transrectal Prostatic Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Patients with Prostatic Carcinoma

Transrectal ultrasonography is a relatively new diagnostic technique that has received much of the same enthusiasm that often is associated with the introduction of other new diagnostic or therapeutic instruments. The study allows for imaging of the prostate but benign conditions often cannot be differentiated reliably from malignant ones. The technique has clinical application in staging, monitoring tumor response to therapy and assisting in biopsy. Its role as a screening study when used either alone or in combination with other diagnostic tests has yet to be determined and well controlled, carefully performed investigations with state of the art instruments probably will help to establish the role of this examination when used for this purpose.
Characterization of Detonation Nanodiamonds for Biocompatibility

There has been an explosion of potential applications for detonation-synthesized diamond nanoparticles, also known as “nanodiamonds,” due to their large-scale production and commercial availability in designer forms. However, it is the purity, fluorescence, variety of surface modifications, and high biocompatibility that have contributed to their popularity among other carbon nanoparticles. Indeed, nanodiamonds can maintain most, if not all, of their inherently desirable properties upon surface functionalization (such as fluorescence and biocompatibility) in contrast to many other forms of carbon or more traditional nanoparticles such as semiconductor quantum dots. However, during the pursuit for novel uses of nanoparticles, it is imperative to independently assess the biocompatibility of nanosized particles even if materials of similar composition are currently being used in biomedical applications. It is the goal of this chapter to review the current literature on nanodiamond biocompatibility by first prefacing the ultimate goal of biocompatibility studies, to better understand the benefits and risks of nanoparticles to workers, patients, and the environment. The remainder of the chapter will address the current methods for studying biocompatibility as well as provide a historical perspective of diamond in foreign particle and inflammatory response. An overview of factors influencing nanoparticle biocompatibility is followed by specific factors responsible for nanodiamond biocompatibility through the exploration of in vitro and in vivo data. Future considerations for biological assessment and important biological implications, which may be encountered during the quest for the most effective use of nanodiamonds for any purpose, will be discussed.
The Social and Political Forces Shaping Legislator-Constituent Relations: Expanding an Empirical Theory of Representation

Using quantitative and open-ended interview responses from four Michigan House sessions, this study examines legislators' attitudes toward two traditional tensions in political representation: whether elected officials should respond to constituent preferences or rely on their own judgment and whether elected officials should serve their district or the common good. In particular we ask: do state legislators identify with a traditional role orientation on each of these dimensions? The findings demonstrate that the answer is a qualified yes. We then explore personal or district characteristics of legislators that make them more inclined to identify with each of the role orientations. Finally, we link these role orientations to the priority legislators place on specific behaviors, such as consulting different local and state sources for information, studying legislation, and bringing home money and projects for the district.
Opioid overdose deaths and potentially inappropriate opioid prescribing practices (PIP): A spatial epidemiological study

Abstract Introduction Opioid overdose deaths quintupled in Massachusetts between 2000 and 2016. Potentially inappropriate opioid prescribing practices (PIP) are associated with increases in overdoses. The purpose of this study was to conduct spatial epidemiological analyses of novel comprehensively linked data to identify overdose and PIP hotspots. Methods Sixteen administrative datasets, including prescription monitoring, medical claims, vital statistics, and medical examiner data, covering >98% of Massachusetts residents between 2011–2015, were linked in 2017 to better investigate the opioid epidemic. PIP was defined by six measures: ≥100 morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs), co-prescription of benzodiazepines and opioids, cash purchases of opioid prescriptions, opioid prescriptions without a recorded pain diagnosis, and opioid prescriptions through multiple prescribers or pharmacies. Using spatial autocorrelation and cluster analyses, overdose and PIP hotspots were identified among 538 ZIP codes. Results More than half of the adult population (n = 3,143,817, ages 18 and older) were prescribed opioids. Nearly all ZIP codes showed increasing rates of overdose over time. Overdose clusters were identified in Worcester, Northampton, Lee/Tyringham, Wareham/Bourne, Lynn, and Revere/Chelsea (Getis-Ord Gi*; p Conclusions Overdose and PIP hotspots were identified, as well as regions where the two overlapped, and where they diverged. Results indicate that PIP clustering alone does not explain overdose clustering patterns. Our findings can inform public health policy decisions at the local level, which include a focus on PIP and misuse of heroin and fentanyl that aim to curb opioid overdoses.
Cannabinoids induce latent sensitization in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache

AimEvaluation of cannabinoid receptor agonists in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache.MethodsFemale Sprague Dawley rats received graded intraperitoneal doses of WIN55,212-2 or Δ-9-te...
Parcham – Journal of Ahmad Kasravi and His Followers: A Snapshot from the History of Press in Iran: Stanisław Adam Jaśkowski, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog, 2017, ISBN 978-838-0027-36-7, 228 pp.

As the author of the work under review explains, the bi-weekly Parcham, published by the celebrated Iranian social and religious critic and historian Ahmad Kasravi (1890–1946), was significant beca...
Anchoring (in) the region: the dynamics of university-engaged urban development in Newark, NJ, USA

While academic and policy analyses have explored universities’ roles in urban regeneration and regional development, issues arising from intraurban collaboration and competition in multi-university...
Reconsidering success for an integrated family dependency treatment court

Abstract Parental alcohol and substance use is a significant contributing factor for child removal. Family Dependency Treatment Courts (FDTCs) offer an interagency approach to treating parental substance abuse after child removal and addressing the comprehensive needs of children and their parents, with the ultimate goal of family reunification. There is a dearth of FDTC evaluation studies that examine permanent placement outcomes s as compared to other traditional family courts. The current study used a matched sample of 72 FDTC and dependency court participants to assess whether participation in the FDTC program is associated with an increased chance to achieve permanency and a shorter time to permanency compared to families who were brought before the dependency court. Results indicated no significant difference between groups when time to reunification was examined. However, once families were enrolled in FDTC, they achieved permanent placement faster than the comparison group. These results put question to the guidelines and prior research that specify preference for reunification over other permanent placements as well as highlight where court procedures may be streamlined in order to reduce the time a child spends in transitional placement. Implications of these findings for research, policy, and practice are also discussed and future research is suggested.
Correlates of adherence in a home-based, self-managed exercise program tailored to wheelchair users with spinal cord injury.

Cross-sectional design. To examine personal factors, secondary health conditions, and environmental factors as potential correlates of adherence to a 12-week home-based exercise trial in people with spinal cord injury. Home Participants (n = 28) were prescribed a set of exercise videos that they were asked to complete three times each week for 12 weeks (36 total sessions). The videos were accessible through a custom-designed mobile application and included movements targeting strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and balance that were accompanied with music. Watched video minutes were automatically recorded on the web-based platform. At baseline, participants completed self-report questionnaires that measured personal (e.g., age, self-efficacy) and environmental (e.g., barriers) factors and secondary health conditions (e.g., depression). Data were analyzed using quantile (median) regression analysis. Race (African American; β = −65.62, p = 0.004), community barriers (β = −9.12, p = 0.026), anxiety (β = −3.84, p = <0.001), depression (β = −1.42, p = 0.038), physical function (β = −1.35, p = 0.048), and self-efficacy (β = −0.61, p = 0.007) were associated with a lower number of exercise video minutes. Pain intensity (β = 2.03, p = 0.032), pain interference (β = 1.84, p = 0.012), and age (β = 1.13, p = 0.013) were associated with a higher number of exercise video minutes. Total variance explained by the model was 77% (pseudo R2 = 0.77). Factors associated with lower and higher adherence to home-based exercise should guide future research efforts in creating more precision-based approaches for self-managed home exercise.
Enhancing patients’ understanding of and adherence to oral anticancer medication: Results of a longitudinal pilot intervention:

BackgroundOral anticancer medications (OAM) make administration more convenient for patients, but shifts the responsibility of care from clinical providers to the patients themselves. Following an ...
The Seasonal Cycle of Significant Wave Height in the Ocean: Local Versus Remote Forcing

Significant wave height (SWH) stems from a combination of locally generated "wind-sea" and remotely generated "swell" waves. In the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, wave heights typically undergo...
Educational Rounding for BPD Prevention

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of prematurity. Despite advances that have significantly improved extremely low birthweight (ELBW) survival, BPD rates have not made any significant improvement within our institution. While several potentially better practices have been proposed to prevent BPD, none of these have individually shown to affect the prevalence of BPD. Bedside staff engagement, revealed significant knowledge deficits, and workflow barriers to meaningful bedside assessment and effective application of supplemental oxygen. A recurring theme in these interviews led to the conclusion that there was a significant gap in understanding of neonatal physiology. Bedside education was needed on neonatal lung development, physiological drivers of BPD, target SpO2 ranges per gestational age, SpO2 alarm limits, and how to read and use histograms on the monitors. It was then decided to start weekly BPD Prevention rounds. Methods: The weekly BPD prevention rounds were led by a respiratory therapist and registered nurse. The goals for these rounds were to provide education to the bedside staff about neonatal lung development, physiological drivers of BPD, target SpO2 and alarm limits per gestational age, how to read and use histograms, and proper oxygen utilization. By providing this education the hope was to give the bedside provider the tools to help prevent BPD and ultimately, decrease our BPD rates. Results: 87.50% of the team agreed that the BPD prevention rounds have been beneficial. 83.33% agreed that the BPD prevention rounds have taught them how to help prevent BPD as a bedside provider. 91.67% agreed the BPD prevention rounds have taught them to utilize histograms. 83.33% agreed the BPD prevention rounds have helped encourage them to use less oxygen. Conclusions: The weekly BPD prevention rounds have been instrumental in educating all of our bedside providers on BPD prevention and oxygen utilization in our level IV NICU.
Learning and Retention of Novel Words in Musicians and Nonmusicians.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term musical training enhances the ability to perceive and learn new auditory information. Listeners with extensive musical experienc...
Remote self-assessment follow-up for medical termination of pregnancy at Geneva University Hospitals: an insight into its acceptability, success rate and costs.

AIMS OF THE STUDY Remote follow-up based on self-assessment plus a telephone call with a healthcare provider is a safe and reliable method for assessing the success of medical termination of pregnancy (mTOP) and can lead to an important reduction in costs. The aim of the study was to analyse its efficacy, acceptability and associated costs. METHODS This was a retrospective comparative study analysing two follow-up protocols for home-based mTOP. A total of 201 women were included: 56 for a standard in-clinic follow-up and 145 for a remote follow-up based on self-assessment with a low-sensitivity urine pregnancy test and a questionnaire. The main outcome was the total number of outpatient consultations needed for each procedure and the associated costs (according to the Swiss tariff system); acceptability and satisfaction were assessed using questionnaires. RESULTS Demand for home-based termination increased by 7.8% in the observation period. There was a reduction in diagnosis of retained products of conception, with a consequent decrease of follow-up consultations from 1.47 to 0.41 appointments per patient. A reduction of 38.9% in the average cost per patient (including supplementary follow-up appointments) was observed. Moreover, the remote alternative led to higher patient satisfaction (95.1% vs 55.0%) and acceptability (84.8%). The choice for long-acting reversible contraceptives was not affected by the removal of in-person consultation. CONCLUSION A remote follow-up procedure is an acceptable and less costly alternative to hospital-based follow-up with a higher rate of acceptability and adherence by the studied population.
Multiple regression analysis for predicting few water quality parameters at unmonitored sub-watershed outlets in the St. Joseph River basin, USA

In this study, six multiple regression models were tested for predicting water quality during spring and fall seasons at unmonitored sites within St. Joseph River basin, USA. A relationship between...
Female Sexual Activity across the Human Menstrual Cycle

(1994). Female Sexual Activity across the Human Menstrual Cycle. Annual Review of Sex Research: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 122-172.
Use of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents in the Intensive Care Unit

In the mid-1980s, the two intermediate-duration neuromuscular blocking (NMB) agents atracurium and vecuronium were introduced into practice; within a few years, these accounted for the majority of NMB agent use in critically ill patients. In association with the introduction of these new agents, there was an expansion of the indications for muscle paralysis in this country, which was at least partially related to new ventilatory modes and technologic advances that necessitated cooperative, sedate, or immobile patients. These new indications for an immobile patient, coupled with an expanded knowledge of available NMB agents, led to a dramatic increase in the use of muscle paralysis in the intensive care unit (ICU). In association with that increased use came a growing awareness of the potential for severe complications and side effects.
Agent Communication in DAML World

Darpa Agent Markup Language (DAML) [7] is the newest effort for Semantic Web [5]. It can be used to create ontologies and markup information resource like web pages. The information resource can be read by human and understood by agent programs. We believed DAML could be used to markup agent communication content and promote knowledge sharing and exchanging between agents. This paper also suggested an alternative model to connect web and agent together. We defined the necessary ontologies for agent communication in DAML language and described the agent communication scenario occurred in the ITTalks Project.
Reversing the AMD Fusion Launch (TP)

AMD management needs to make a critical decision on the launch sequence of its next-generation technology called Fusion. The Fusion processor concept merges the central and graphics processing units (CPU and GPU) onto one chip -- yielding advantages in performance (particularly graphics related), power consumption, and suitability for new computer form factors (tablets, all-in-one machines, etc.). AMD planned to launch Fusion at the beginning of 2011 with a high-end processor, code-named Llano, to impress the industry and consumers with the best the technology could offer (suited for high-end desktops and notebooks), and subsequently to launch low-powered versions, code-named Brazos (suited for small notebooks and netbooks). However, the development of Llano suffered delays while that of Brazos was ahead of schedule. AMD's executive committee raised the possibility of reversing the launch sequence and going with a "Brazos First" strategy. The case describes the microprocessor industry, its main competitors (AMD and Intel), and the evolving world of PC selling and buying. The case further provides a host of market research that AMD conducted to better understand the market. Students need to address the advisability of a reverse launch vs. waiting to launch all versions together and whether AMD can advance its competitive position relative to Intel with Fusion. Students need to outline their marketing approach (sales effort, pricing, consumer marketing, etc.) in the event that a reverse launch strategy is pursued.As part of the analysis, students need to take into account AMD's recent shift in branding approach: from giving a separate brand name to each new microprocessor to a tiered branding approach that would stay constant even in the face of new launches. The case allows for a deep examination of how a follower that faces a dominant industry player can use technology and marketing to compete effectively. It further poses the question of how firms should modify their branding strategy in light of perceived shifts in consumer behavior.Learning Objective: To examine the connection between product decisions and marketing/brand strategy decisions in a competitive context.
Reply to "No spin-statistics connection in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics"

In a previous paper [quant-ph/0207017] I gave an elementary proof, starting from stated assumptions of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, that identical spin-zero particles must be bosons. Since then it has been suggested that my proof assumed its conclusion, and that it is based on a theory "quite different from standard physics." [quant-ph/0304088] I show here that those two statements are incorrect.
Studies on human serum beta-1-lipoprotein. II. Chemical modifications.

Abstract The chemical reactivities of the side chains of several amino acids present in the polypeptide moiety of native human serum β1-lipoprotein have been compared with their reactivities after denaturation or lipid extraction. It was found that, although all lysine residues of the native protein coupled rapidly with O-methylisourea, only a fraction of the histidine imidazoles and cystine disulfides were modified when the intact molecule was treated with appropriate reagents; the reactivities of these residues were enhanced in the denatured or lipid-free protein. It was also found that, contrary to previous work with other proteins, modification of histidine imidazoles resulted from treatment of the lipoprotein with O-methylisourea. Possible interpretations of these observations in terms of the structure of the lipoprotein are presented.
THE FLOW OVER A WEDGE PROFILE AT MACH NUMBER ONE

Abstract : The flow over a wedge-shaped profile at zero angle of attack and with a free stream Mach number of one is computed using the hodograph method as simplified by the transonic law of similarity. Drag coefficients are computed for several profiles. (Author)
A multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of multiple colorectal polyps.

Encountering numerous colorectal polyps during a colo-noscopy should prompt consideration of several potential diagnoses, which may have very different treatment strategies. The case report by Gallegos and associates, which describes a patient with cap polyposis, offers an opportunity to review the multiple steps required in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with multiple colorectal polyps.1