cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Aligned ZnO Nanorod Arrays Grown Directly on Zinc Foils and Zinc Spheres by a Low-Temperature Oxidization Method

Vertically aligned, dense ZnO nanorod arrays were grown directly on zinc foils by a catalyst-free, low-temperature (450−500 °C) oxidization method. The zinc foils remain conductive even after the growth of ZnO nanorods on its surface. The success of this synthesis largely relies on the level of control over oxygen introduction. By replacing zinc foils with zinc microspheres, unique and sophisticated urchin-like ZnO nanorod assemblies can be readily obtained.
HIERARCHICAL EFFECT OF SEMANTIC MEMORY ON VERBAL LEARNING

Summary.-Effect of hierarchical location (word level) within semantic memory was studied with older subjects (mean 83 yr.) to assess whether their difficulty on a free-recall task with words higher in a hierarchical model proposed by Collins and Quillian would be greater. Words near the bottom of the hierarchy of semantic memory have been found to be more conccete and moce difficult for producing subordinates. Associations were collected to see if the associations continued to illustrate a hierarchical effect as was proposed by Loftus and Bolton (1974). Results supported a hypothesis of an effect of word level (a hierarchy in semantic memory) on verbal learning. The types of associations given also produced an effect on word level. A word's location in semantic
Perpetration of Intimate Partner Aggression by Men and Women in the Philippines Prevalence and Associated Factors

This study uses data from the 2002 Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with intimate partner violence perpetration by husbands and wives in Cebu, Philippines. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with wife-only, husband-only, and reciprocal perpetration. About 26% of women reported that either they or their partner perpetrated at least one physically aggressive act during the past year, whereas 22% reported sexual coercion by their husband during their relationship. The most common reason cited for hurting the partner was his or her alcohol use, partner nagging, the wife fighting back, and jealousy. In the regression analysis, the wife's alcohol use and violence between the wife's parents were predictors of all three perpetrator groups. The importance of regular church attendance and husband control and dominance varied for the groups. Research and prevention implications are discussed.
Doorway states and pre-equilibrium reactions

A quantum foundation is developed for the methods employed in the calculation of the pre-equilibrium component of the energy spectrum of nuclear reaction products. It involves the application of the statistical theory of nuclear reactions to chained doorway states.
Mental Health Literacy of Australian Rural Adolescents: An Analysis Using Vignettes and Short Films

The mental health literacy (MHL) of rural adolescents has rarely been investigated. This study examined the MHL of 122 rural‐based adolescents (49 males, 73 females) aged 12–18 years (M = 16, SD = ...
Novel algorithm for Bayesian network parameter learning with informative prior constraints

The generalization performance of a learned Bayesian network largely depends on the quality of the prior provided to the learning machine. Indeed, the prior distribution is designed to provide additive domain expert knowledge to the parameters in a Bayesian network which tolerate some variance around these initial counts. The learning task is combinatorial regulates on this initial counts by the data statistics. The use of a prior distribution becomes even more critical in case of scarce data.
Heritable susceptibility factors for the development of cancer.

Genetic susceptibility/Polymorphic genes/Chemical metabolism/DNA repair/Cancer. High frequencies of inherited DNA sequence variations (polymorphisms) are found in the human population. The involvement of polymorphic genes (especially for chemical metabolism and DNA repair) in the development of cancer is under intensive investigation. In our studies, we have irradiated blood lymphocytes from normal non-smokers with γ -rays or UV-light to investigate genotypes and DNA repair functions. We found that XRCC1 399Gln and XRCC3 241Met were deficient in the repair of γ -ray- but not UV-light-induced DNA damage that led to the expression of chromosome aberrations; therefore the variant genotypes are defective in base excision repair. The reverse was found with XPD 312Asn and XPD 751Gln; therefore they are defective in nucleotide excision repair. XRCC1 194Trp, OGG1 326Cys and APE1 148Glu had no DNA repair deficiency based on our experimental conditions. In another study, we investigated the role of some of these genes on the development of lung cancer. We found a significant increase of chromosome aberrations in patients and controls that had the XPD 751Gln and GSTM1 null genotypes, indicating a mechanistic causation of the disease. Therefore, inheritance of susceptibility genes can have significant impact on disease burden in the population. On the other hand, there are many questions that need to be addressed in order to evaluate the impact of susceptibility on cancer. These questions include the understanding of combinations of different polymorphic genes for susceptibility and of specific disease susceptibility for different ethnic populations.
Choice as an act of meaning: The case of social class.

Social class is one important source of models of agency--normative guidelines for how to be a "good" person. Using choice as a prototypically agentic action, 5 studies test the hypotheses that models of agency prevalent in working-class (WK) contexts reflect a normative preference for similarity to others, whereas models prevalent in middle-class (MD) contexts reflect a preference for difference from others. Focusing on participants' choices, Studies 1 and 2 showed that participants from WK relative to MD contexts more often chose pens that appeared similar to, rather than different from, other pens in the choice set, and more often chose the same images as another participant. Examining participants' responses to others' choices, Studies 3 and 4 demonstrated that participants from WK relative to MD contexts liked their chosen pens more when a confederate chose similarly and responded more positively when a friend chose the same car in a hypothetical scenario. Finally, Study 5 found that car advertisements targeting WK rather than MD consumers more often emphasized connection to, rather than differentiation from, others, suggesting that models of agency are reflected in pervasive cultural products.
Oroclinal bending and evidence against the Pangea megashear: The Cantabria-Asturias arc (northern Spain)

The Cantabria-Asturias arc of southwestern Europe is a highly curved Variscan belt that formed along the ancient plate boundary between Gondwana and Laurussia during the assembly of Pangea. New paleomagnetic data from 59 sites in the southern limb of the arc were combined with previously published data from 109 sites to determine the evolution of the arc. A previously unrecognized postrotation magnetization is found in the southern limb, refuting earlier models of arc formation that concluded secondary rotation of only 50% of present-day arc curvature. The new data show that the arc underwent true (100%) oroclinal bending of an originally linear belt in a two-stage tectonic history. This history represents two regional compression phases: (1) east-west in the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) and (2) north-south in the Permian (both in present-day coordinates). The north-south compression phase coincides with the northward movement of Gondwana and its final collision with Laurussia. This tectonic scenario argues against an indentor scenario, and does not support a 3500 km dextral megashear proposed in earlier reconstructions.
eComment. Gender mismatching in lung transplantation: Lung size mismatch is the issue!

We read with great interest the study by Alvarez et al. on gender mismatched lung transplantation (LTx) and clinical outcomes [1]. We agree with the authors' conclusion that donor-recipient gender mismatch does not have a negative impact on early graft function and mortality following LTx. However, we would like to use this comment to expand on the rationale. Gender is a major determinant of lung size, together with height (age and race) [2]. Lung size can be estimated by the predicted total lung capacity (pTLC). Alvarez et al. describe that at their institution, the size matching decision is among other factors based on the pTLC of the donor, as compared to pTLC of the recipient. Specifically, variations in pTLC of up to 20% between donor and recipient were accepted. In the USA, candidates for LTx are listed for acceptable donor height ranges. As an example, a 30-year old, 170-cm male candidate (with a pTLC of 6.27 l, as per the equation used by Alvarez et al.) could be listed for an acceptable height range from 160 to 180 cm. If the donor were a 30-year old, 160 cm tall female (with a pTLC of 4.93), the resulting donor to recipient pTLC-ratio would be 0.78. A pTLC-ratio <0.8 has been reported to be associated with worse survival after LTx [3]. When we reviewed the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Standard Transplant Analysis and Research (STAR) data of the thoracic organ transplant registry, we confirmed the association of a pTLC-ratio <0.8 with decreased survival [4]. In the pTLC-ratio <0.8 group, 87% of patients had a female donor to male recipient gender-mismatch. More importantly, when lung size mismatch (via the pTLC-ratio) was accounted for, gender mismatch was not independently associated with survival [4, 5]. We wholeheartedly agree with the approach to use donor and recipient pTLC for the size matching decisions. Utilizing pTLC will account for the gender effect on lung size. A pTLC-based approach could make apparent the possible increased risk associated with significant undersizing that can occur in a height-based allocation system, when a female donor to male recipient mismatch occurs. Conflict of interest: none declared.
Stable Isotopes Identify Dietary Changes Associated with Beak Deformities in Black-Capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)

ABSTRACT. A large number of beak deformities of unknown etiology have recently been reported in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and other resident avian species in Alaska. We investigated the potential association between diet and beak deformities. We analyzed carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes in whole blood of Black-capped Chickadees captured at three semiurban sites in south-central Alaska. For dietary analysis, we included natural foods (arthropods, seeds, and berries) and anthropogenic items commonly provided in bird feeders (sunflower seeds, peanut butter, and suet). Blood samples from individuals with beak deformities exhibited lower δ15N values and more variable δ13C values than birds with normal beaks. Isotopic values of blood also differed by location for both carbon and nitrogen, but we did not detect a difference in natural dietary items across the three sites. Contributions of individual diet items differed between birds with and without beak deformities, a pattern that...
Age differences in components of mental-rotation task performance

A serial mental-rotation (MR) task similar to one developed by Bethell-Fox and Shepard (1988) was used to evaluate adult age differences in encoding, rotation, and decision processes. Older adults’ response times were longer in each processing stage, and there were small age differences in rotation-stage slopes. Decision times and error rates increased as a function of rotation angle, and were differentially affected by age. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of age-related loss of information from spatial working memory when rotational transformation is required, and suggest that a proportion of age-related slowing in MR slopes found in simultaneous presentation of pairs of figures may reflect age differences in the speed of postrotational decision processes.
Increase in Schottky Barrier Height in the CoSi2/Si (100) Interface Caused by Hydrogen

It is shown that the presence of 8 × 1015 hydrogen atoms/cm2 in the CoSi2/Si (100) interface causes an increase in the Schottky barrier height of 120 meV, and that passivation of dopants in the substrate is not the cause of this change. The data is evidence that the position of the Fermi level in this interface is controlled by defect-related interface states. After hydrogenation the Schottky barrier height agrees with that predicted by theory for Fermi level pinning by virtual gap states of the silicon.
Highly constrained multiple-copy refinement of protein crystal structures.

In the course of refining atomic protein structures, one often encounters difficulty with molecules that are unusually flexible or otherwise disordered. We approach the problem by combining two relatively recent developments: simultaneous refinement of multiple protein conformations and highly constrained refinement. A constrained Langevin dynamics refinement is tested on two proteins: neurotrophin-3 and glutamine synthetase. The method produces closer agreement between the calculated and observed scattering amplitudes than standard, single-copy, Gaussian atomic displacement parameter refinement. This is accomplished without significantly increasing the number of fitting parameters in the model. These results suggest that loop motion in proteins within a crystal lattice can be extensive and that it is poorly modeled by isotropic Gaussian distributions for each atom. Proteins 29:426–432, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Shock Wave Perturbation Decay in Granular Materials

A technique in which the evolution of a perturbation in a shock wave front is monitored as it travels through a sample is applied to granular materials. Although the approach was originally conceived as a way to measure the viscosity of the sample, here it is utilized as a means to probe the deviatoric strength of the material. Initial results for a tungsten carbide powder are presented that demonstrate the approach is viable. Simulations of the experiments using continuum and mesoscale modeling approaches are used to better understand the experiments. The best agreement with the limited experimental data is obtained for the mesoscale model, which has previously been shown to give good agreement with planar impact results. The continuum simulations indicate that the decay of the perturbation is controlled by material strength but is insensitive to the compaction response. Other sensitivities are assessed using the two modeling approaches. The simulations indicate that the configuration used in the preliminary experiments suffers from certain artifacts and should be modified to remove them. The limitations of the current instrumentation are discussed, and possible approaches to improve it are suggested.
Examination of the Concurrent Validity of Scores From the CISS for Student-Athlete College Major Selection: A Brief Report

This study examined evidence of concurrent validity for the use of scores from the Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (CISS) with college student-athletes. Agreement between declared college major ...
Providing for behavioural health in general practice

I WAS glad to see John Bradshaw's letter highlighting the responsibility that veterinary surgeons ought to have to prevent mental suffering in animals and questioning why less than 0.1 per cent of UK practising veterinary surgeons specialise in behaviour ( VR , December 5, 2015, vol 177, p 573). In the same issue, Daniel Mills, as reported from a debate at this year's BVA Congress, considers dogs ‘work hard to fit in and please their owners’ but questions whether we as humans ‘keep our side of the bargain’. Similarly, Peter Sandoe suggests that ‘human love does not automatically equate to good welfare for a pet animal’ ( VR , December 5, 2015, vol 177, pp 558-559). An aggressive display by a dog in any context is an external expression of internal mental distress, yet recent correspondence in Veterinary Times illustrates the opposite poles of veterinary …
Task Analysis and Reinforcement Strategies for the Mentally Disturbed: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Behavioral Engineering

An analysis of tasks in a vocational training program was performed by a human factors specialist. Mentally disturbed patients enrolled in the program rated the tasks for importance, difficulty, and frequency of performance. Subsequent to the rating, tasks were assigned a numerical value or points. Individuals then selected tasks based on their own goals and standards. A daily log of the selected work samples was kept by patient self-report. This procedure was conceptualized as a self-reinforcement which was intrinsicallly related to the log keeping process.In addition, multiple generalized reinforcers were used such as need for approval and increased pay for productivity. When patients did well, i.e., made a high score, they were given higher wages and approval. Conversely, when they did poorly, i.e., made a low score, disapproval and criticism were expressed. In either case, daily feedback was provided along with a series of tasks graduated in difficulty, importance and frequency. This patterning of tas...
Effects of Permethrin on Mortality and Foraging Behavior of Honey Bees in Sweet Corn

Permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, was evaluated over a 3-year period (1979–1981) on sweet corn to determine its effects on honey bee mortality and field foraging behavior. Treatments were applied by helicopter between 5:30 and 7:30 a.m. at a rate of 0.22 kg (AI)/ha, repeated every 3 to 6 days for up to six applications per season. Permethrin did not cause abnormal bee kills; highest mortalities per colony averaged less than 70 dead bees per day. Up to 100 dead bees per colony was considered normal die-off. Permethrin repelled most honey bees from entering treated fields. Based on the results of these studies, permethrin can be used on sweet corn as a foliar spray without harm to honey bees, if applied at a time when bees are not foraging.
Effects of Soybean Leaf and Plant Age on Susceptibility to Initiation of Infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi

To help resolve the question of relationship of soybean leaf and plant age to susceptibility to infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, we inoculated 50-day-old plants of cv. Williams 82 with a suspension at 3 × 10³ urediniospores/ml, placed in growth chambers under a range of temperature conditions, and later examined for number of lesions. In addition, plants ranging in age from 20 days to 79 days were inoculated, placed in a greenhouse, and examined by leaf for number of lesions. Results showed that Williams 82 did not vary in susceptibility among leaves at different positions regardless of temperature, or among leaves at different positions (up to 11 trifoliolates) on individual plants ranging in age from 20 to 79 days at inoculation. However, on a per-plant basis, there was a gradual decrease in numbers of lesions as plants increased in age at inoculation. For example, whereas 37 lesions/cm² leaf area were produced on 20-day-old plants, only 10 were produced on 79-day-old plants. Although the study does not rule out the possibility that there might be cultivar dependent differences in age response, it does strengthen the possibility that older plants are less susceptible, and that the increase in disease observed in the field during fall months may be due to an increase in favorability of the environment for disease or increase in inoculum pressure.
Economic impact of climate change on gross output value of agriculture in China

By using the provincial panel data from 1980 to 2012 in China,through the construction of "new model climate economy",this paper quantitatively analyzed the effects of climate change on gross output value of agriculture in China. Results showed that the rise in both temperature and precipitation had positive impacts on gross output value of agriculture in China. If temperature increased by 1℃,gross output value of agriculture increased 125 million Yuan,If precipitation increased by 100 mm,gross output value of agriculture increased by 208 million Yuan. From the point of contribution rate of climatic factors to gross output value of agriculture,the absolute contribution rate of temperature on growth of gross output value of agriculture was 0.424%,while the absolute contribution rate of precipitation reached 0.721%.
A Study of Comprehensive Material Teaching

Comprehensive Material is still a newly-emerging discipline in higher art teaching in China.Especially,the art majors in normal universities of western areas of China just started and in its experimental stage,it may have some impact on the traditional courses.They influence each other,which is an interactive and complementary relationship.
Differences in Terminal Hospitalization Care Between U.S. Men and Women

Abstract Context In many settings, men and women receive different care. Objectives We sought to determine whether men and women receive different care during terminal hospitalizations. Methods We analyzed data of 98,314 adult patients who died while hospitalized in 458 acute care hospitals in the U.S. during 2011. We examined sex-based differences in lengths of stay (LOS), resuscitation status, and intensive interventions and processes of care, adjusting for patient- and hospital-level characteristics. Results Women represented half of the sample (48,509; 49.34%), were older than men (73.8 vs. 70.6 years, P P Conclusion Men who die in hospitals receive more aggressive care than women. Further research should examine potential causes of this overall pattern.
Organic thermoelectric materials for energy harvesting and temperature control

Conjugated polymers and related processing techniques have been developed for organic electronic devices ranging from lightweight photovoltaics to flexible displays. These breakthroughs have recently been used to create organic thermoelectric materials, which have potential for wearable heating and cooling devices, and near-room-temperature energy generation. So far, the best thermoelectric materials have been inorganic compounds (such as Bi2Te3) that have relatively low Earth abundance and are fabricated through highly complex vacuum processing routes. Molecular materials and hybrid organic–inorganic materials now demonstrate figures of merit approaching those of these inorganic materials, while also exhibiting unique transport behaviours that are suggestive of optimization pathways and device geometries that were not previously possible. In this Review, we discuss recent breakthroughs for organic materials with high thermoelectric figures of merit and indicate how these materials may be incorporated into new module designs that take advantage of their mechanical and thermoelectric properties. Thermoelectrics can be used to harvest energy and control temperature. Organic semiconducting materials have thermoelectric performance comparable to many inorganic materials near room temperature. Better understanding of their performance will provide a pathway to new types of conformal thermoelectric modules.
AN EREW-PRAM MULTIPLE SEARCHING AND MERGING ALGORITHM

ABSTRACT If we consider the knowledge of the insertion points of the items and one sorted sequence into another as solving the problem of merging two sequences, the merging of two sequences and the searching for multiple (sorted) values in a sequence can be considered as twin problems. Both, which we shall call the multiple ranking problem, can be phrased as determining the insertion or location point of one sequence in other In this paper we present a fast, easily implemented algorithm to solve the multiple ranking problem that is based on an EREW (exclusive read, exclusive write) PRAM model when the elements of each sequence are unique, i.e. when the sequences are in increasing order. Given two increasing sequences and p processors, our algorithm will solve the multiple ranking problem of B in A in O(⌈lg(m + n)⌉) where |A| = m, |B| = n, when p = n and in O(⌈lg(m + p/2)⌉ + (4n/p + 2n/p⌊lg(m/n)⌋) +c) when 1 < p < n ≤ m. The former is optimal when n = o(m) and the latter when p < 4n/lgm.
Institutional Investors as Political Actors

The 1994 Mexican peso devaluation and the 1997 Asian Crisis emphasized the power international financial globalization can have in developing countries. Many scholars as well as more mainstream ‘experts’ on financial globalization refer to this new power using abstract concepts such as the ‘market’ and ‘financial integration’. Scholars in economics and international political economy often refer to the phenomenon of ‘integration’ to describe the global processes that have increasingly inter-mingled emerging markets with the more mature, developed financial markets. (Garrett, 1998; Frieden, 1999) This ‘integration’ is often seen as the primary force behind emerging market successes and failures.1 Other scholars, such as Kingstone (1999), Stone (1999), and Unger (1999), refer to this power as ‘the market’ or ‘market forces’. Kingstone and Stone, for instance, see the ‘market’ as the enforcer of monetary and fiscal discipline for Brazil and Russia, respectively.2 More popularly, Thomas Friedman, Wall Street Journal columnist and author, describes this power as the ‘herd’ in his New York Times best-selling book, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (1999). Friedman emphasizes that the financial herd, or ‘short-horn cattle,’ is bigger and more diverse than ever before.
Das Modul Txt

Ermoglicht das Aufbauen von dynamischen Textstrukturen (wie sie von Editoren verwendet werden).
Enterotomy During Hernia Repair: Prevention and Management

An inadvertent enterotomy during a laparoscopic or open ventral hernia repair is often unavoidable. If an enterotomy occurs it is associated with an increased risk of wound infections, mesh infections, enterocutaneous fistulas, and hernia recurrences. Multiple options exist for management of the ventral hernia in a clean-contaminated or contaminated wound; however, the management of the enterotomy takes priority. A missed enterotomy increases the mortality rate after ventral hernia repair so attentiveness is paramount throughout the entire procedure and in the postoperative recovery. Although certain factors associated with an increased risk of enterotomy during ventral hernia repair are identifiable preoperatively, all patients should be advised of the risk of enterotomy and instructed of the basic decision algorithm for management of an enterotomy during the informed consent process.
Towards Everyday-NMR: An Operator's Perspective

Despite significant advances made in all phases of the technology in the past two decades, NMR has yet to enter the main stream of everyday logging. Focus on advanced applications, which require complex data acquisition, processing and interpretation procedures, has limited the impact of this very powerful technology. Everyday-NMR is a concept developed to remedy the situation. It is based on utilizing basic NMR logs on an everyday basis for everyday answers. Everyday-NMR logging is built on a simplified and streamlined workflow which benefits from standardization in all phases of the process-from data acquisition to interpretation. Everyday-NMR requires accurate bound-fluid and total porosity logs obtained from relaxation spectra that are free of diffusion effects. The tools used must be insensitive to mud salinity, truly combinable with other tools, operable at standard logging speeds and able to see beyond the damaged zone. Existing wireline logging tools, while suitable for advanced applications, are not ready for everyday-NMR. While a new generation of fit-for-purpose tools is needed for wireline logging, present LWD NMR technology is closer to satisfying everyday-NMR requirements.
Paleomagnetism of the Teel basalts from the Zavkhan terrane: Implications for Paleozoic paleogeography in Mongolia and the growth of continental crust

A narrow extensional basin on the Zavkhan terrane of Mongolia exposes a >1.8-km-thick succession of basalt flows within the Teel Formation, along with rhyolites and interflow sediments. We present new U-Pb zircon ages of 446.03 ± 0.21 Ma (chemical abrasion–isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry) on a rhyolite in the Teel Formation and 286 ± 5 Ma (laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry) on a nearby granitic intrusion (Tonkhil Complex). New paleomagnetic data yield a magnetite remanence that is likely primary, acquired during cooling of flows. The mean direction is statistically improved after tilt corrections; however, the tilt test significance is limited given the low variation in tilt between flows. We interpret a second remanence, held by hematite, as an overprint that was likely acquired later in the Paleozoic Era. The tilt-corrected magnetite direction implies a paleolatitude of ∼20°, while the hematite overprint is equatorial in both geographic and tilt-corrected coordinates. The ca. 446 Ma Teel remanence is consistent with an Ordovician paleogeographic position near Siberia; however, the hematite direction requires subsequent drift to the equator, indicating that these Mongolian terranes were not continuously connected to Siberia, which moved away from the tropics during the Paleozoic Era. This result is consistent with biogeographic constraints and a previously proposed model wherein Amuria traveled with North China during the Permian Period and collided with Siberia during the Jurassic to Triassic closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. In this model, continental growth occurred through the collision and oroclinal buckling of a ribbon continent rather than long-lived accretion on the margin of a major craton.
How Diversity Matters in the US Science and Engineering Workforce: A Critical Review Considering Integration in Teams, Fields, and Organizational Contexts

How the race and gender diversity of team members is related to innovative science and technology outcomes is debated in the scholarly literature. Some studies find diversity is linked to creativity and productivity, other studies find that diversity has no effect or even negative effects on team outcomes. Based on a critical review of the literature, this paper explains the seemingly contradictory findings through careful attention to the organizational contexts of team diversity. We distinguish between representational diversity and full integration of minority scientists. Representational diversity, where organizations have workforces that match the pool of degree recipients in relevant fields, is a necessary but not sufficient condition for diversity to yield benefits. Full integration of minority scientists (i.e., including women and people of color) in an interaction context that allows for more level information exchange, unimpeded by the asymmetrical power relationships that are common across many scientific organizations, is when the full potential for diversity to have innovative outcomes is realized. Under conditions of equitable and integrated work environments, diversity leads to creativity, innovation, productivity, and positive reputational (status) effects. Thus, effective policies for diversity in science and engineering must also address integration in the organizational contexts in which diverse teams are embedded.
To Increase Engagement, Offer Less: The Effect of Assortment Size on Children’s Engagement

In a world that offers children abundant activities from which to choose, understanding how to motivate children to engage longer in productive activities is crucial. This paper examines how the offered assortment size affects childrenâ€™s engagement with their chosen option. In the first study, I show children prefer to choose from a larger set even though they think doing so is more difficult. Then, in Studies 2 and 3, four- to five-year-old children choose from either a small set (two options) or a large set (six or seven options). In study 2, children choose a book to look at and I measure how long they look at it. In Study 3, children choose a game to play with and I measure how long they play. Children spend more time looking at the book and playing with the game they choose from the small versus the large set. By contrast, the size of the choice set does not affect food consumption. Such findings contribute to our understanding of young childrenâ€™s decision-making and have important implications for determining the optimal assortment size to offer children to increase engagement with desirable activities.
An Efficient High-Power Fundamental Oscillator Above $f_{\max }/2$ : A Systematic Design

A novel approach to design efficient high-output-power fundamental oscillators beyond $f_{\max }/2$ of the employed process is presented. The idea is to shape and maximize the unilateral power gain ( $U$ ) of the network at the desired frequency using optimum passive internal and external feedback networks. The proposed technique significantly improves the output power and dc-to-RF efficiency of the oscillator. To show the feasibility of this novel approach, a 175 GHz fundamental oscillator is designed in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process ( $f_{\max }\simeq ~280$ GHz), which achieves a measured dc-to-RF efficiency of 11.7% that is markedly higher than all reported oscillators above $f_{\max }/3$ of their active device. Measurements show that the designed oscillator generates a peak power of 3 mW (4.8 dBm) with a phase noise figure of merit (FoM) of −195.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency, which is the highest phase noise FoM among all reported CMOS/BiCMOS millimeter-wave and terahertz oscillators. The proposed method considers the possible process, voltage, temperature variations as well as modeling errors of the passive components in the design stage.
Brain Peptides, Neuroleptic-Induced Tolerance, and Dopamine Receptor Supersensitivity

The number of prescriptions written in an average community in the United States includes 20% for medication intended to affect mental processes (Baldessarini, 1980). Among these medications are several classes of drugs that are effective in the symptomatic treatment of psychoses. The phenothiazines as a class, and especially fluphenazine, the prototype, are the most widely used in the treatment of psychotic patients. Another drug used to treat psychosis is haloperidol, which is a butyrophenone derivative. Although structurally different from phenothiazines, haloperidol shares many of their pharmacological properties. These agents have been shown to be effective in the treatment of the manic phase of manic-depressive illnesss and in schizophrenia.
Circuit Design with Quantum Cellular Automata

The quantum cellular automata (QCA) concept uses a rectangular cell with a bistable charge configuration to represent information. We first study QCA and its fundamental building blocks in detail. We then proceed to understand logic design using QCA gates. Next, we explore testing of QCA gates. We briefly discuss current computer-aided design (CAD) tools available for QCA design. Finally, we discuss the current state of QCA fabrication technology and briefly comment on future research directions.
Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: a single-center prospective study.

Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) have traditionally been a contraindication for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recent studies suggest that MRI can be conducted safely in select patients with pacemakers (PPMs) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). We sought to determine the safety of MRI in patients with CIEDs, using a protocol for patient selection and device programming. This is a prospective, single-center study. Patients with a PPM or ICD and a clinical indication for MRI were considered. Exclusion criteria included newly implanted devices (<4 weeks), PPMs manufactured before 1996 and ICDs before 2000, epicardial and abandoned leads, and pacemaker-dependent ICD patients. Pacemaker-dependent PPM patients were programmed to asynchronous pacing. Tachycardia detection/therapies were disabled for ICDs. Devices were interrogated pre- and post-scan, and at follow-up 1–6 weeks later. Defibrillation threshold (DFT) was not tested post-scan. Patients were followed to monitor device therapies. Two hundred twenty-seven patients underwent 293 scans. Devices included 170 (70.6%) PPMs and 71 (29.5%) ICDs. Thirteen (4.4%) scans were aborted mainly due to subjective complaints or artifact on scout cardiac imaging. Post-scan and follow-up interrogation demonstrated no changes in device parameters requiring reprogramming or revision. Over long-term follow-up (median, 354 days [IQR 65–629]), nine ICD patients had appropriate shocks (median, 3 [IQR 1–8]). One had four inappropriate shocks for atrial fibrillation. All tachyarrhythmias meeting criteria for defibrillation were successfully terminated. MRI can be conducted safely in patients with CIEDs when done in a protocoled manner with appropriate supervision. DFT testing after MRI may not be necessary.
Injectable nanoengineered stimuli-responsive hydrogels for on-demand and localized therapeutic delivery

“Smart” hydrogels are an emerging class of biomaterials that respond to external stimuli and have been investigated for a range of biomedical applications, including therapeutic delivery and regenerative engineering. Stimuli-responsive nanogels constructed of thermoresponsive polymers such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (poly(NIPAM-co-AM)) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been developed as “smart carriers” for on-demand delivery of therapeutic biomolecules via magneto-thermal activation. However, due to their small size and systemic introduction, these poly(NIPAM-co-AM)/MNP nanogels result in limited control over long-term, localized therapeutic delivery. Here, we developed an injectable nanoengineered hydrogel loaded with poly(NIPAM-co-AM)/MNPs for localized, on-demand delivery of therapeutics (doxorubicin (DOX)). We have engineered shear-thinning and self-recoverable hydrogels by modulating the crosslinking density of a gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) network. Poly(NIPAM-co-AM)/MNP nanogels loaded with DOX were entrapped within a GelMA pre-polymer solution prior to crosslinking. The temperature and magnetic field dependent release of loaded DOX was observed from the nanoengineered hydrogels (GelMA/(poly(NIPAM-co-AM)/MNPs)). Finally, the in vitro efficacy of DOX released from injectable nanoengineered hydrogels was investigated using preosteoblast and osteosarcoma cells. Overall, these results demonstrated that the injectable nanoengineered hydrogels could be used for on-demand and localized therapeutic delivery for biomedical applications.
Respirable coal mine dust characteristics in samples collected in central and northern Appalachia

Abstract Increased incidence of lung diseases among underground coal miners in parts of Appalachia in the US has prompted new research respirable dust characteristics. Between 2014 and 2015, 210 samples of respirable dust were collected in various locations of eight underground coal mines in three distinct Appalachian regions. The mines vary in terms of mining method, coal seam thickness, and mined strata geology. A computer-controlled SEM-EDX routine was used to analyze the dust to determine distributions of particle size, aspect ratio, and mineralogy classification. Statistical analysis of results showed that significant differences in dust characteristics exist between and within mine regions, and by sampling location. Most notably, samples from mid- and south-central Appalachia had relatively higher percentages of alumino-silicates and quartz, consistent with cutting more rock along with the coal in these mines; whereas, samples from northern Appalachia had higher percentages of carbonate, which is largely attributed to heavy rock dusting in the sampled mines. Compared to other regions, samples from mid-central Appalachia also had higher percentages of very small particles and samples from south-central Appalachia had higher percentages of elongated particles. Overall, samples collected near production activities or in return airways had higher percentages of small particles than in other sampling locations. Based on samples collected right at the mine face, results additionally suggest that cutting rock strata may produce an inordinate amount of respirable dust as compared to cutting coal.
Bringing Meir b. Elijah of Norwich into the Classroom: Discovering a Medieval Minority Poet

This chapter contextualizes the literary gestures made by a medieval English Jewish poet, Meir b. Elijah of Norwich, within a historical and cultural backdrop. Considering the 1275 Statute of Jewry and two medieval manuscript doodles in concert with Meir of Norwich’s poetry, “Bringing Meir of Norwich into the English Classroom” discusses in what ways three of Meir of Norwich’s piyyutim or liturgical poems—namely, “Put a Curse on My Enemy,” “On the Termination of Shabbat‚” and “Who Is Like You?”—resonate with the desire to be re-membered despite the 1290 Expulsion of the Jews of England. These piyyutim memorialize the (Jewish) self in a world of anti-Semitism, where all Jews—male and female, young and old—are subject to severe taxation and humiliating badging.
C-MET inhibitors for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The role of the c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) signaling pathway in tumor progression and invasion has been extensively studied. C-MET inhibitors have show...
International Education Global Communication Trends

The goal of this paper is to help international education policy makers and stakeholders foster effective information sharing on the multiple platforms available to them through technology. In order for international education to embrace the innovations of the times and become more inclusive with a broader group of actors and audiences, there needs to be a more thorough evaluation of education developments around the world. This is done by creating to be more effective borrowing and lending methodologies and information-sharing platforms. I first bring an overview of the current state of international education news. The overview includes the mediums used, the audience it attracts, and the audience it excludes. Then I conduct a literature review of policy and research lacking sufficient support. Finally, I conclude with information-sharing platform recommendations based on available technology and effective transmission research.
Utilization of manual therapy to the lumbar spine in conjunction with traditional conservative care for individuals with bilateral lower extremity complex regional pain syndrome: A case series.

Background and purpose: Conservative therapies for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) have traditionally focused on exercise and desensitization techniques targeted at the involved extremity. Th...
Anthropomorphic attachments in u.s. literature, robotics, and artificial intelligence

“Anthropomorphic Attachments” undertakes an examination of the human as a highly nebulous, fluid, multiple, and often contradictory concept, one that cannot be approached directly or in isolation, but only in its constitutive relationality with the world. Rather than trying to find a way outside of the dualism between human and not-human, I take up the concept of anthropomorphization as a way to hypersaturate the question of the human. Within this hypersaturated field of inquiry, I focus on the specific anthropomorphic relationalities between human and humanoid technology. Focusing primarily on contemporary U.S. technologies and cultural forms, my dissertation looks at artificial intelligence and robotics in conversation with their cultural imaginaries in contemporary literature, science fiction, film, performance art, and video games, and in conversation with contemporary philosophies of the human, the posthuman, and technology. In reading these discourses as shaping, informing, and amplifying each other and the multiple conceptions of the human they articulate, “Anthropomorphic Attachments” attends to these multiple humans and the multiple morphologies by which anthropomorphic relationalities imagine and inscribe both humanoid technologies and the human itself.
P087 : LIS ON A SHOESTRING

Aim As laboratories are continuing to be cost conscious and at the same time maintain the highest level of information management, a dilemma often comes up as to whether to invest in IT infrastructure or testing technology. Our lab faced the same dilemma several years ago. After trying without much success to get more IT support, we decided to build our own LIS. Method We used Microsoft Access which allowed for the development of tables which could be queried between many users. Multiple forms were designed unique to each area of the lab and each testing platform. A master set of queries were designed to monitor all quality metrics (e.g. turnaround times, repeat testing, reporting errors, etc.), and testing volumes used for both internal prediction of program growth and external reporting (Medicare Cost Reports). Results Time spent for reporting growth of our program went from days to hours. We are able to directly send out HLA report through secure mail which reduced paper usage. There was significant reduction in transcriptional errors. We were able to quickly identify HLA types of given characteristics, normal values for our cross matches, even a basic PRA for DP within our population at OSU. The greatest benefit was the ability to add functionality whenever needed without going to anlis o outside vendor. Conclusion Though not for all labs, writing one’s own LIS can have many benefits. The OSU package handles our volume quite well and should be exportable on any Windows 7 system.
The Single Droplet Theorem for Random Cluster Models

For a family of bond percolation models on ℤ2that includes the Fortuin Kasteleyn random cluster model, we consider the family of droplets (i.e., open dual circuits) in anN x Nbox that results, in the percolating regime, from conditioning on the event that the total area inside “large” droplets (diameter at least a large multiple of logN)is at least a given large value A. We show that under such conditioning there is only a single large droplet, and this droplet approximates a Wulff shape. This differs from existing “single droplet” results such as those of Dobrushin, Kotecky and Shlosman [10] and Ioffe and Schonmann [15] for the Ising model, in that here the single droplet result must be obtained from surface tension considerations alone, because the minimum total droplet area A is imposed on the system, whereas in the Ising model the possibility of two or more large droplets competes with the possiblity of removing all but the largest of the large droplets and dispersing the contents of the other large droplets in many small droplets.