cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Role of Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: "Burning"for a Cure.

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF) often co-exist. Catheter ablation is increasingly used to cure AF related to CHF.Clinical evidence supports the feasibil- ity of catheter ablation as a treatment option in drug refractory AF patients with CHF. Investiga- tors have reported an improvement in ejection fraction, quality of life, and functional capacity
The Morality of Defensive War, edited by Cécile Fabre and Seth Lazar

Readers seeking an entry into the debate over political aggression are advised to start with David Rodin's chapter ‘The Myth of National Self-Defense’, even though as Chapter Four it anchors the bo...
Lepesoma lecontei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): An Agent of Conelet Abortion in a Douglas-fir Seed Orchard in Western Oregon

Caging studies and insect surveys were employed to identify the agent of extensive conelet damage and abortion in a Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seed orchard in western Oregon. Both approaches confirmed involvement of Lepesoma lecontei (Casey) in moderate to severe cone injury during the flowering stage. More than one-third of cones surveyed at the pendent stage showed some degree of injury and 19% of the injured cones were aborted. L. lecontei -damaged cones accounted for 60% of total abortion, or 6% of the potential cone crop. Economic impact of this injury at this seed orchard in 1985 was ca. $29,000. These results suggest that this poorly known species is economically important in Douglas-fir seed orchards.
Patient Perceptions of Provider and Hospital Factors Associated With New Medication Communication

This research examined provider and hospital factors associated with patients' perceptions of how often explanations of new medications were "always" given to them, using Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores. HCAHPS results were obtained for October 2012 to September 2013, from 3,420 hospitals and combined with a Magnet-designated hospital listing. Multiple regression examined correlates of new medication communication, including health care provider factors (perceptions of nurse and physician communication) and health care system factors (magnet designation, hospital ownership, hospital type, availability of emergency services, and survey numbers). Nurse and physician communication was strongly associated with new medication communication (r = .819, p < .001; r = .722, p < .001, respectively). Multivariable correlates included nurse communication (p < .001), physician communication (p < .001), hospital ownership, availability of emergency services, and survey numbers. There was a significant relationship between patients' perceptions of nurse and physician communication and the explanations they had received about their new medications during hospitalization.
Physiological dead space increases during initial hours of chronic hypoxemia with or without hypocapnia

A whole body plethysmograph was used to determine the minute ventilation-to-CO2 production ratio (VE/VCO2) of intact unrestrained unanesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats during 7 days of hypoxemia (arterial PO2 approximately 50 Torr). In one set of rats, normocapnia (arterial PCO2 approximately 40 Torr) was maintained. Arterial blood gases and acid-base status were determined, and arterial PCO2 was used to calculate alveolar ventilation-to-VCO2 ratio (VA/VCO2) in all situations when inhaled CO2 was not elevated. In normoxia VE/VCO2 = 25 +/- 1 (mean +/- 95% confidence limits); after 12 h of hypoxemia, VE/VCO2 was maximal, 61 +/- 5 in hypoxemic hypocapnia and 200 +/- 55 in hypoxemic normocapnia. Between 2 and 7 days of hypoxemia, VE/VCO2 had plateaued, 42 +/- 3 in hypoxemic hypocapnia and 95 +/- 19 in hypoxemic normocapnia. Dead space-to-tidal volume ratio (VD/VT) = (VE/VCO2 - VA/VCO2)/(VE/VCO2), and in normoxia VD/VT = 0.17 +/- 0.04. In hypoxemic hypocapnia, VD/VT measured between 1 and 5 h was 0.38 +/- 0.04. It remained elevated at 0.29 +/- 0.04 after 24 h, but after 4-7 days in hypoxemic hypocapnia, VD/VT had recovered to 0.15 +/- 0.03. It is postulated that the disproportionate increase in VE/VCO2 observed during the first 24 h of exposure to hypoxemic normocapnia (compared with elevated steady-state plateau levels maintained from 2 to 7 days sojourn) reflects an immediate transient increase of physiological dead space on exposure to hypoxemia.
Choice of the Copula Parameter Model Based on Spearman's Rho

Based on Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau relationship,the method of choice Copula parameter model is put forward firstly There are lots of binary Copula parameter models whose Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau exist a type of function relationship,so the method of choice Copula parameter model is transferred to curve-fitting testing problem. Two methods of choice Copula model are given for several of the type Copula models such as the normal Copula,Frank-Copula,FGM-Copula,B11-Copula,etc At last,the empirical analyses of dependent mechanism between Shanghai and Shenzhen stock index have been done based on the choice method of Copula model.The results showed that there existed a strong positive correlation between Shanghai and Shenzhen stock index,and the B11-Copula model is the most appropriate model which describes the characteristic.
Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Huaihua from 2005 to 2009

Objective To investigate the quality of groundwater in Huaihua,and to provide the reference for the implementation of the centralized rural drinking water security engineering. Method The detection results of groundwater quality from 2005 to 2009 were statistically analyzed. Results According to the sense and physicochemical characteristics indexes,the water quality of grade Ⅰ～Ⅲ accounted for 93.4% and the water quality of grade Ⅳ～Ⅴ occupied 6.6%.No statistically significant difference was found in the detection results among each year(P0.05).The total bacterial count and the total eligible rate of coliform bacteria were 89.0%(162/182) and 85.7%(156/182),respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the microbial indexes among each year(P0.05). Conclusions The quality of groundwater during the period of 2005～2009 was stable and quite good,but that microbial indexes and few physiochemical characteristics indexes exceeded the standards could not be neglected.Therefore,the water quality detection of water resource must be highly emphasized in all levels of government departments before carrying out the centralized rural drinking water security engineering.
Early warning for bacillary dysentery using cumulative sums model

Objective To explore application of cumulative sums model (CUSUM) in the early warning for bacillary dysentery. Methods Data for analysis were collected from notifiable disease networking report system of China and records of investigations of and responses to bacillary dysentery outbreaks in Beijing. CUSUM was fitted with the Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS) software form the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States. Results In total,3743 records of early warning messages reported from 330 sub-districts and townships (or towns) were used for fitting CUSUM,ranging 0 to 25 record items with an average of 11. 3 items per sub-district or township ( or town) and a median of 12 items and an interquartile of seven items. Two outbreaks of bacillary dysentery was timely detected in 2007by early warning with CUSUM. Conclusions Algorithm of CUSUM is simple and frequency of early warning,its check and workload of outbreak investigations all can be acceptable. Therefore,CUSUM can be employed in early warning for bacillary dysentery outbreak.
Comparative analysis of sequence alignment of SH3GL1 gene as a disease candidate gene of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Objective To identify whether SH3GL1 gene serves as a disease associated gene of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ( AIS). Methods Positioning candidate cloning:" case-sibling or case-family control design" research scheme based on family constellation was designed. Fifty-six AIS patients ( 15 male and 41 female, mean age 15 years old, ranged from 8 to 22 years old, Cobb angle from 25° to 110°, average Cobb angle of 67. 5°) from November 2007 to December 2008 were recruited. In all patients, blood preparation was collected, and genome DNA was extracted. According to nucleotide sequence of gene SH3GL1 , primer pair for PCR amplification, cloning, and sequencing with 10 exons as emphasis was designed. Sequence comparative analysis for exon sequencing result between sib pairs or family pairs, and that between sib pair or family pairs and NCBI ( National Center for Biotechnology Information) were conducted through Vector NTI Advance 10.3 software to judge whether basic group mutation occurred or not. Amino acid sequence comparative analysis for prediction was made. Results Ten exons of the candidate gene SH3GL1 were successfully amplified and cloned in genome DNA of an AIS sib pair and family pairs, and the sequencings obtained positive results. Twelve basic group mutations were found in 10 exons of the candidate gene SH3GL1 of patients with AIS. These mutations were located in the second exon (3 mutations) , the fourth exon (1 mutations), the fifth exon (4 mutations), the sixth exon (1 mutations), the eighth exon (1 mutations) , and the tenth exon (2 mutations, noncoding region). If basic group in 515 of mRNA was mutated to T, termination codon(TAG) came into being and open reading frame was altered. The sequence of protein showed brachytmema protein was encoded, which could cause changes of primary structure. Conclusion SH3GL1 is possibly one of the disease associated genes of AIS. Key words: Scoliosis; Adolescent; Gene amplification; Exons; Protein structure
Conserved regulators of cognitive aging: From worms to humans

Cognitive decline is a major deficit that arises with age in humans. While some research on the underlying causes of these problems can be done in humans, harnessing the strengths of small model systems, particularly those with well-studied longevity mutants, such as the nematode C. elegans, will accelerate progress. Here we review the approaches being used to study cognitive decline in model organisms and show how simple model systems allow the rapid discovery of conserved molecular mechanisms, which will eventually enable the development of therapeutics to slow cognitive aging.
Active Resistance: We Shall Never Be Moved

Nonviolence is often confused with pacifism, misnamed ‘passive resistance’ or thought to consist only of principled nonviolence. It is widely misconstrued as consisting only of appeals to the conscience of its opponents — a simple type of ineffective, non-threatening action, like holding hands and singing ‘We Shall Not Be Moved’, before being swept aside by violent opponents. It is considered a nice idea but ineffective in the real world, an unchanging, outmoded philosophy rooted in past actions such as those of Gandhi or Martin Luther King.
Differential Reproductive Behavior Patterns Among the Dark Triad

The traits that the Dark Triad of personality (psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism) are overlapping but distinctive. Although some have assumed that all three are universally associated with unrestricted sociosexuality, proper statistics on adult samples have not confirmed these assumptions. Latent variable techniques examined the relationships among Dark Triad and different aspects of sociosexuality across two adult samples (N = 1116). With the original Dark Triad measures, a common path model was a marginal fit to the data. However, adding theoretically based additional paths (most especially a negative link between Machiavellianism and short-term sexual behavior behavior) increased the model fit beyond chance, and these additions replicated in a new sample with different measures. The findings support the notion that the Dark Triad are not universally short-term. In particular, Machiavellianism is negatively associated with short-term sexual behavior, underscoring the cautious nature of the trait.
The Effect of Locally Delivered Statins on Treating Periodontal Intrabony Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Use of statins on adult patients with chronic periodontitis shows a positive effect on their periodontal status. However, effect of locally delivered statins on periodontal treatment has not yet been systematically analyzed. Hence, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate efficacy of statins on treating localized periodontal intrabony defects (IBDs).Methods: An electronic search of three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) between January 1, 1965 and March 1, 2016, and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles were performed. Controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective studies with data on comparison between adjunctive locally delivered statin use to mechanical scaling and root planing (SRP) and placebo in each group, with minimum 10 participants and follow-up period of at least 6 months, were included.Results: Ten studies, eight RCTs and two prospective studies, were included. Eac...
One Nation Undecided: Clear Thinking about Five Hard Issues That Divide Us

In my new book, One Nation Undecided: Clear Thinking About Five Hard Issues That Divide Us (Princeton UP, 2017), I first analyze the factors that make "hard" issues hard, explore the quality of public debate about them, and explain what the title means by "clear thinking." Chapters 2 through 6 are devoted to detailed analyses of five hard issues: poverty, immigration, campaign finance, affirmative action, and religious exemptions from secular rules after the Hobby Lobby and Obergefell decisions. Each chapter begins by presenting the issue's context -- the relevant history, law, institutions, politics, and public opinion. Next, it disaggregates the issue into its main components. Beginning with key definitional and measurement questions (as in the case of poverty), it then elaborates the competing norms invoked by different groups and identifies the key factual claims and uncertainties. (Those who dominate public debates on these issues often suppress or ignore these uncertainties, either deliberately or because of their own ignorance.) Finally, each chapter discusses the nature and performance of current federal policies directed at that issue, and the reform options. A concluding chapter explores the similar and dissimilar underlying structures of the five issues.
Public and Patient Knowledge About Dental Implants.

Purpose The more informed a patient is about a given procedure, the better the ultimate outcome. This study was designed to compare general public awareness and knowledge regarding oral implant treatment with those of patients presenting for such treatment and to determine the sources from which they may have obtained such information, as well as the accuracy of the information. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 2 groups of patients were asked to complete a questionnaire containing implant knowledge questions and questions regarding any sources they may have used to obtain information about dental implants. Group I consisted of patients presenting for treatment of a dental emergency (general population group), and group II consisted of patients presenting for an implant consultation. The χ2 test was used to determine whether there were differences in knowledge and information sources between the 2 groups. Results A total of 126 adult patients (76 dental emergency patients and 50 implant consultation patients) participated in the study. The general population group was less informed about dental implants, especially information relating to implant material and longevity, and received information from less reliable sources than patients presenting for implant screening (friends or relatives vs primary dentist). Both groups reported cost of the procedure as a primary barrier to receiving implants (89% and 90%). Conclusions There is still a need for continued education of the general public regarding dental implants.
The Freedom Fighter: A Terrorist's Own Story

The ability of terrorist groups to inflict death and destruction has markedly increased with technological advances in the areas of communication, transportation, and weapon capability. Using these new tools and networks, terrorists now seek to inflict mass casualties worldwide. Given these realities, it is essential to research the factors that underlie a terrorist group’s origins, grievances, and demands. Such insights might help others respond more effectively to insurgencies, especially when military campaigns to capture or kill every terrorist have proven unsuccessful. The Freedom Fighter: A Terrorist’s Own Story explores why so many Kurdish people—especially young adults—join the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) and conduct terrorist acts. Inspired by the ground-breaking classic, The Jack-Roller: A Delinquent Boy’s Own Story, by Clifford R. Shaw, the author explores the issue of radicalization into terrorist organizations through the life-history method, enabling a PKK terrorist—or “freedom fighter”—to tell his story. Over a five-month period, the author interviewed “Deniz,” a high-level PKK terrorist in a Turkish prison, who during his time in the PKK rose from the lowest level to near the top in terms of terrorist operations. This riveting life history, told in Deniz’s own words, provides unique insights into why someone becomes a “freedom fighter” and what such a life entails. The account provides extensive information on the PKK, including the group’s recruitment, ideological and military training, armed strategies, internal structures and code of ethics, treatment of women, and goals for peace. Deniz’s story not only explains why more Kurdish “freedom fighters” will be recruited to engage in terrorist acts, but also facilitates understanding of how “normal people” can become involved in conflict and organizations that are designated as “terrorist groups.” A foreword by renowned criminologist Francis T. Cullen helps contextualize the material. This book will interest students of criminology, terrorism/counterterrorism, political violence, and security.
Coded-Aperture Compressed Sensing X-Ray Luminescence Tomography

Objective: The purpose of this work is to introduce and study a novel imaging geometry for X-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT), termed coded aperture compressive X-ray luminescence tomography (CAC-XLCT). Methods: CAC-XLCT is studied through simulations of X-ray and diffuse light propagation and the implementation of a compressed sensing image reconstruction algorithm. Results: CAC-XLCT is compared against cone beam XLCT considering simulated targets with varying complexity, and it is found to offer a remarkable enhancement in spatial resolution and image quality with only a small overhead in image acquisition time. Conclusions and Significance: XLCT has been mainly investigated so far in pencil beam and cone beam excitation geometries which suffer from either very long image acquisition time or low spatial resolution and accuracy. CAC-XLCT presents a very promising alternative, which can offer simultaneously high spatial resolution, high image quality, and fast image acquisition, appropriate for in vivo imaging.
Neugeborenenerstversorgung und -reanimation

In vielen Krankenhausern ist die Erstversorgung von Neugeborenen Aufgabe des Anasthesisten. Wie geht man dabei strukturiert vor? Wie beurteilt man den Zustand eines Neugeborenen, und wie erkennt und behandelt man peripartale Adaptationsstorungen? In den seltensten Fallen sind im Rahmen der Erstversorgung Reanimationsmasnahmen notig, und dennoch muss der Anasthesist in solchen Situationen wissen, was als nachstes zu tun ist. Informationen zu all diesen Fragen findet man in diesem Kapitel, wobei sich die Angaben zur Reanimation an den aktuellen Handlungsempfehlungen orientieren. Das Kapitel wird abgerundet mit Informationen zu speziellen Situationen wie das Kind mit Bauchwanddefekt oder Pneumothorax und liefert daruber hinaus eine Beschreibung des Arbeitsplatzes zur Neugeborenenversorgung.
A Relaxed Knapsack-Problem Based Decomposition Heuristic for Large-Scale Multistage Stochastic Programs

Abstract Most optimization problems with endogenous uncertainty can be modelled as multistage stochastic programs (MSSPs). The MSSPs grow exponentially with the increase in the numbers of scenarios and time periods, and quickly become computationally intractable for real-world sized problems. This paper presents a Relaxed Knapsack-problem based decomposition Algorithm (RKDA) to efficiently generate tight dual bounds for large-scale MSSPs. The algorithm builds upon the Knapsack-problem based Decomposition Algorithm (KDA) (Christian and Cremaschi, 2015), which generates feasible solutions for MSSPs with endogenous uncertainty by decomposing the original multi-period MSSP into a series of knapsack problems and by solving these problems at appropriate decision points of the planning horizon. The new approach, RKDA, employs KDA to solve a relaxed version of the original MSSP. The relaxed MSSP is obtained by removing its resource constraints. We applied KDA and RKDA to generate initial primal and dual bounds for the pharmaceutical clinical trial planning problem with two-, three-, four-, five-, six-, seven- and ten-products and three clinical trials with different planning horizon lengths. The results revealed that the initial relative gaps ranged from 2.10% to 4.66%, and KDA and RKDA yielded these gaps in 0.1 to 2377.0 CPU seconds.
Tissue localization of nerve growth factor and nerve growth factor receptors.

The pioneering investigations of Levi-Montalcini and coworkers established that nerve growth factor (NGF) is an important physiological regulator of neurons of the peripheral nervous system. No doubt in part because of the dramatic and specific effects on the sympathetic and sensory nervous system resulting from immunochemically depriving rodents of NGF (Levi-Montalcini and Booker 1960; Johnson et al. 1983), the notion that the action of NGF was directed exclusively to these peripheral neurons became firmly entrenched. A functional model which proposed that NGF was produced by targets of sensory and sympathetic innervation, regulating the specificity of axon growth to the target and the survival of neurons which found the correct target, became dogmatically accepted. Over the last few years it has become clear that these concepts are only partially correct. Aided in substantial part by improved methods for characterization of sites of expression of NGF and its receptor, it has been shown that the biology of NGF action is much more complicated than was initially imagined.
Event-Based Semantics

Semantic theories employing quantification of hidden variables ranging over events have been applied to a wide variety of linguistic problems, including the semantics of adverbial adjuncts, perception reports, thematic relations, nominalization, and Aktionsart. Event-based semantic theories differ in their representation of argument structure and in their analysis of which predicates have event arguments.
Climate Model Studies of Interactions between Ice Sheets and the Atmosphere-Ocean System

A number of climate modeling studies have been conducted at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory to study the interaction of continental ice sheets with the climate system. This paper reviews some of the primary results from these studies. Substantial changes in atmospheric circulation, location and intensity of storm tracks, precipitation distribution, sea surface temperature, sea ice extent, and soil moisture occur in response to the ice sheets of the last glacial maximum. Estimates of the mass budgets of these ice sheets suggest that they are not in equilibrium with the simulated LGM climate, although questions regarding the refreezing of surface meltwater make this result uncertain. Results from climate model experiments with and without orography suggest that orographic uplift could have produced a climate slightly more favorable for ice sheet initiation.
Disorders of Mitochondrial RNA Modification

Naturally occurring RNA molecules contain a variety of chemically modified nucleosides derived from the four standard nucleosides: cytidine, adenosine, uridine, and guanosine. These modified nucleosides contribute to many cellular processes, including RNA processing, the stability of RNA structures, and the fidelity and efficiency of protein expression. Alterations in RNA modification underlay the translational defects in the mitochondrial disorders MELAS syndrome and MERRF syndrome. Till date, two enzymes directly involved in RNA modification, TRMU and PUS1, have been identified which when mutated reduce the content of modified nucleosides of different classes of RNAs leading to altered protein expression and RNA stability. The underlying processes and components of RNA modification are reviewed, along with descriptions of the clinical features associated with this unique class of disorders.
An Overview of the Historical Origin of the Nerve Influence on Limb Regeneration

The interest in the nervous control of limb regeneration in the Amphibia stems from the original finding of Todd in 1823. This research done at Naples in 1823 was largely unsupported for 100 years. The present paper speculates on the reason for Todd’s experiment against the background of arguments of the day on the neurotrophic activity of the nervous system, derangements of which were believed to cause all the diseases of the body (Cullen, 1776; see Rath, 1959). This paper also touches on modern developments in the study of nervous control of regeneration, all of which stem from Todd’s original findings.
Cotton Fiber Genes and Stable Quantitative Trait Loci

Cotton fiber development is a complex biological process that many genes are involved. Thousands of genes have been identified as relevant to fiber development through transcriptomic analysis, genetic mapping, and comparative orthologous gene analysis. Among them, about 80 have been characterized for their actual roles in fiber development by transgenic analysis. The causative genes of five mutations related to fiber initiation (N1, n2, li3), elongation (Li1), or secondary cell wall assembly (im) were identified via genetic mapping. About 2000 fiber quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified using a variety of populations and genetic mapping methods. A few stable fiber QTL were repeatedly identified by different research groups, and some of them are being used in practical breeding. In this chapter, the accomplishments and progress in the area of identifying and characterizing fiber genes are reviewed. The characterized fiber genes are summarized according to their primary roles in fiber development. Stable fiber QTL that are valuable to breeding are provided. The author also provides a future perspective and research gaps that should be future research priorities in order to better understand cotton fiber development.
Computational improvement in single-pixel imaging contrast and resolution (Conference Presentation)

Single-pixel imaging is a developing family of techniques which offer several advantages over conventional imaging with a segmented detector. These include higher speed, improved availability and quality of detectors at long wavelengths. Examples include laser-scanning microscopy, frequency-domain techniques, ghost imaging, and methods employing an orthogonal mask sequence such as Hadamard masks. We analyze this class of imaging techniques in terms of Frame theory, which concerns sets of vectors that span a given vector space but are not linearly independent as in the case of a basis. The use of frames (rather than bases) allows for redundant measurements, which can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstructed image. Current single-pixel techniques admit an intuitive, physically-motivated reconstruction scheme, but the reconstruction method is not always obvious. The analysis provides a prescription for reconstruction with any single-pixel imaging scheme. For example, illumination with speckle-like patterns which lack the statistical properties associated with speckle does not allow accurate reconstruction with conventional methods, but frame theory-inspired analysis allows production of high-contrast, diffraction-limited images. Even for schemes where reconstruction methods exist, the theory can improve contrast, accuracy and resolution. Frame theory-motivated reconstruction from simulated ghost imaging data results in markedly improved contrast, and resolution. This analysis makes viable new single-pixel techniques which lack intuitive reconstruction strategies, and tuning of imaging properties such as noise for specific applications.
THE ROLE OF Ia ANTIGENS IN MACROPHAGE-T LYMPHOCYTE INTERACTIONS

The genetic restrictions of macrophage-T cell interactions in response to antigen were examined by an in vitro primary technique in which non-immune guinea pig T cells were primed and challenged in tissue culture with TNP-modified macrophages. The results show that the genetic restriction on the T cell proliferative response is imposed by the histocompatibility type of the macrophage used for initial sensitization and that T cells can be specifically sensitized to antigen associated with allogeneic macrophages. In addition, the genetic restriction on T cell-macrophage interactions depends on Ia antigen expression solely by the stimulator macrophages and there is no requirement for Ia antigen expression by responder T cells for efficient collaboration with macrophages. These results are discussed with respect to the role of macrophage I-region gene products in the antigenic complex recognized by T cells and the significance of Ia-negative T cell collaboration with antigen-treated macrophages.
Getting work done: a grounded theory study of resident physician value of nursing communication.

Poor communication between nurses and physicians results in patient injury and increased healthcare costs. While multiple attempts have been made to improve communication between the two profession...
Mechanisms of resiliency against depression following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

Abstract Prior studies of oil spills have reported adverse impacts on mental health, but have not examined some potentially important moderators. In this cross-sectional analysis of n = 38,361 responses to the 2010–2011 Gulf States Population Survey, we assessed the association of direct oil contact with depression severity following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and modification by self-mastery, emotional support, and cleanup participation using Tobit regression models accounting for the complex survey design. Oil contact was associated with increased depression severity. Among respondents with oil contact, depression was more severe for those reporting lower self-mastery. However, respondents with oil contact had lower depression severity if they participated in cleanup efforts, compared to exposed individuals who did not participate. This potential protective effect was larger for respondents with lower self-mastery. Our results are consistent with the notion that participation in recovery efforts may reduce depressive symptoms following oil spills among impacted individuals.
Benefits of Behavioral Self-regulation in the Context of High Classroom Quality for Preschoolers’ Mathematics

ABSTRACTResearch Findings: The aim of the current study was to examine the extent to which the effects of preschool classroom quality on children’s mathematics is moderated by executive functioning...
Optimum Development Patterns for Northern-Adapted Barley

Early maturity is an important trait for barley grown in northern latitudes, where crop loss may occur with the onset on inclement autumn weather. Early maturity, however, is associated with reduced grain yield. A better understanding of the relationships between developmental traits and grain yield would enable breeders to select for lines having growth patterns that optimize the conflicting requirements of high grain yield and early maturity. Thirty-three double-haploid lines and their parents from each of two barley crosses were grown at Palmer, Alaska, USA for four years. Growing degree days to maturity, grain fill period, % vegetative period, and grain yield were measured. In both crosses, high grain yield was associated with longer time to heading and longer % vegetative period. High grain yield was also associated with shorter grain fill period. Selection of lines with relatively long vegetative periods and short grain fill periods is recommended in environments similar to develop plants that will most efficiently use environmental resources to optimize higher grain yield and shorter time to maturity.
Electrolytes and plasma expanders

1. Two series of animals were studied after a rapid hemorrhage of 3.6% of body weight and to a mean blood pressure of less than 70 mm Hg. 2. In the first series of 16 dogs, the animals were replaced immediately after the measured hemorrhage with an equal volume of 6% dextran carried in Gey's solution. 9% saline, or 5% glucose. In the second series of 12 animals the animals were replaced with similar solutions but replacement was made an hour after the hemorrhage. 3. Blood samples were collected at intervals and analyzed for plasma sodium, potassium, and chloride and red cell sodium, potassium and chloride. 4. Less deviation from the control electrolyte values was observed after infusion of dextran in Gey's than after the infusion of either of the other carrier solutions. 5. The replacement with any of these solutions in no instance altered electrolyte concentrations to what might be considered pathological limits. 6. The survival statistics strikingly indicated that the functional capabilities of Gey's solution are much greater than saline or glucose solutions. 7. It is recommended that balanced salt solutions be used as the carrier media for dextran.
What Do We Do When We Do Law and Popular Culture

"What We Do When We Do Law and Popular Culture" establishes a theoretical framework for analyzing legal popular culture, taking as its point of departure Richard Sherwin's book "When Law Goes Pop." The article stresses what Professor Silbey considers to be three major stumbling blocks in the growing interdiscipline of law and popular culture. She argues that if we are to advance our understanding of the relationship between law and popular culture, we must follow at least three simple charges: (1) demarcate our beginning concepts, such as law or culture, so that amidst the vast phenomena that may be called law or culture, we know which we are discussing; (2) mind the tenets of the disciplines we are marrying, such as those of literary theory and legal practice, so that we do not abandon the lessons already learned and established by either or both fields; and (3) attend to method, to how our analyses of law and popular culture proceed so that it can be reproduced and taught. Meant to be fairly straightforward (but rarely followed), these three charges clarify some theoretical groundwork for what the author sees developing into a sophisticated and varied field of law and cultural studies.
Assess, Plan, Do, Evaluate, and Report: Iterative Cycle to Remove Academic Control of a Community-Based Physical Activity Program

PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES Responsive methods and measures are needed to bridge research to practice and address public health issues, such as older adults' need for multicomponent physical activity. The objective of this study was to detail the longitudinal, quasi-experimental work that spans 5 years to describe outcomes across RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) dimensions of integrating a physical activity intervention for older adults into the Cooperative Extension System through the assess, plan, do, evaluate, report (APDER) cycle. INTERVENTION APPROACH The participant-level intervention is Lifelong Improvements through Fitness Together (LIFT), an 8-week, group dynamics-based, strength-training program with 16 in-person sessions. The implementation intervention applies the iterative APDER cycle based on feedback for each dimension of RE-AIM. Each year, the APDER cycle was used to embed data collection procedures at the instructor and participant level to reveal the next evolution of the program. EVALUATION METHODS Each evolution of LIFT was measured through a pretest and posttest quasi-experimental design. Data were collected on each RE-AIM dimension through participant surveys and functional fitness assessments, number and representativeness of trainees, and process evaluation. RESULTS Overall, LIFT was expanded to 4 states with 275 instructors, reaching 816 older adults; consistently improved functional fitness outcome measures; demonstrated strong program adherence; and was seen as feasible and enjoyable by instructors and participants. LIFT is now undergoing adaptations for virtual delivery as well as updating the exercise protocol to introduce yoga postures that target flexibility and balance. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH Overall, ongoing adaptations were necessary to ensure the program continued to fit the mission, values, and resources of the delivery system. Public health implications to support the need for ongoing adaptation include embedding pragmatic measures of adaptations and RE-AIM into standard evaluation pathways and using iterative APDER cycles.
ADAPTATION AND MENTAL RESILIENCE OF CHILDREN, PARENTS, IN GREEK KINDERGARTEN SCHOOLS DURING THE NEW ERA OF PANDEMIC COVID-19. TEACHERS' VIEWS

The pandemic of Covid-19 has invaded in our lives, with multiple and multidimensional challenges. During the close of school units in Greece at March, teachers were initially used types of distance education, while with the opening of the schools during June they had to face issues, such as the separation of classes, the observance of distances, the use of medical mask, experiencing a new, unprecedented situation. In this paper, reference will be made to key issues of adaptation and mental resilience of children and adults. Then a research carried out will be presented in schools of Primary Education of Athens during the period of June and reopening of school units and teacher’s views on the adaptation of children and parents. Article visualizations:
Serotonergic Psychedelics in Neural Plasticity

Psychedelics, compounds that can induce dramatic changes in conscious experience, have been used by humans for centuries. Recent studies have shown that certain psychedelics can induce neural plasticity by promoting neurite growth and synapse formation. In this review, we focus on the role of classical serotonergic psychedelics in neural plasticity and discuss its implication for their therapeutic potentials.
Political Plasticity and Culture

Why is movement from closed, dictatorial societies to more open, democratic societies so difficult to achieve? I argue that the best way to address this question is giving primacy to what Valsiner refers to as the zone between the existing and the possible, through the concept of political plasticity, which is the ability to change (or not change) social relations and cognitions in line with actual or desired structural changes. In this way, we can include “non-events,” such as the failure to establish democracy after a popular revolution, as integral to a science of psychology. This chapter begins by discussing the extremely slow pace of change on the dictatorship-democracy continuum. Next, it discusses the concept of political plasticity and the zone between the existing and the possible. Finally, it examines limitations on political plasticity represented by culture and the normative system “out there” in collective processes, above and beyond individuals.
Measuring mix in MagLIF experiments at the NIF

In the MagLIF ICF scheme, a cylindrical gas volume is laser heated before the walls of the cylinder are driven radially inward to compress the heated gas. Exploring the effects of material from the walls and the laser entrance window mixing into the heated region are important considerations for MagLIF experiments 1 , 2 , 3 ,. The addition of these materials into the heated gas can potentially have detrimental effects, radiatively cooling the gas fill and degrading the yield 4 . The NIF has been used to drive gas-pipe experiments where a tracer element (Ti) is placed on the LEH window or where strips of Ti and Sc are attached to the wall. Spatially and temporally resolved spectroscopic measurements of the Ti and Sc emission indicate the spatial location of these materials at various times during the interaction, assisting future predictions and mitigations of their propagation into the gas-pipe.
Flux or speed? Examining speckle contrast imaging of vascular flows

Speckle contrast imaging enables rapid mapping of relative blood flow distributions using camera detection of back-scattered laser light. However, speckle derived flow measures deviate from direct measurements of erythrocyte speeds by 47 ± 15% (n = 13 mice) in vessels of various calibers. Alternatively, deviations with estimates of volumetric flux are on average 91 ± 43%. We highlight and attempt to alleviate this discrepancy by accounting for the effects of multiple dynamic scattering with speckle imaging of microfluidic channels of varying sizes and then with red blood cell (RBC) tracking correlated speckle imaging of vascular flows in the cerebral cortex. By revisiting the governing dynamic light scattering models, we test the ability to predict the degree of multiple dynamic scattering across vessels in order to correct for the observed discrepancies between relative RBC speeds and multi-exposure speckle imaging estimates of inverse correlation times. The analysis reveals that traditional speckle contrast imagery of vascular flows is neither a measure of volumetric flux nor particle speed, but rather the product of speed and vessel diameter. The corrected speckle estimates of the relative RBC speeds have an average 10 ± 3% deviation in vivo with those obtained from RBC tracking.
Using ChemBank to Probe Chemical Biology

ChemBank (http://chembank.broad.harvard.edu/) is a public, Web-based informatics environment. ChemBank stores and makes freely available data derived from small molecules and small-molecule screens and has resources for relating and studying these data. Currently, ChemBank stores information on hundreds of thousands of small molecules and hundreds of biomedically relevant assays performed at the Broad Institute screening center. Web-based analysis tools are available within ChemBank to study the relationships between small molecules, cell measurements, and cell states. This unit demonstrates the use of ChemBank data to ask and answer questions relating to chemical biology and screening experiments contained within ChemBank.
Pernicious Patriarchy or Prosecutorial Progress?: Confronting Culture, War, and Rape in International Law

In the aftermath of the wars in the former Yugoslavia, feminist activists have encouraged the use of international law to prosecute those leaders employing rape as a tool for ethnic cleansing. First, we will analyze the reasons that rape is effective in disrupting social and against women. Second, we will elucidate the peculiar problems of prosecuting war criminals whose offenses targeted female non-combatants in the form of sexual violence. We begin with an examination of the international law related to war crimes, as well as the ethical implications of various techniques used to enforce the law and bring war criminals to justice. A brief examination of key areas of US rape law will demonstrate the relative leniency extended to perpetrators of violence against women domestically in a nation that guarantees women full juridical equality. After examining some specific prosecutions, we will apply the lessons learned to the larger context of international law.
Space Reductions for Model Checking Quasi-Cyclic Systems

Despite significant research on state-space reductions, the poor scalability of model checking for reasoning about behavioral models of large, complex systems remains the chief obstacle to its broad acceptance. One strategy for making further progress is to exploit characteristics of classes of systems to develop domain-specific reductions.
A low power MICS band transceiver architecture for implantable devices

A sensor network system utilizing a low-power and miniature FSK transceiver for short-range biomedical applications is presented. The transceiver uses the new un-licensed band at 402-405 MHz recently allocated to Medical Implant Communication Systems (MICS) by FCC [1]. Although this band seems attractive providing low body absorption at these frequencies, it poses many challenges for RF designers to consider. Full-integration and low-power are the most important criteria for such an implantable transceiver. This paper mainly describes research work carried out on the design of a fully-integrated 402-MHz 0.18-μm low-power CMOS transceiver and discusses some of the challenges associated with full integration. System and circuit level issues are also addressed.
Application of the Indirect Immunoperoxidase Stain Technique to the Flagella of Azospirillum brasilense

An indirect immunoperoxidase stain was used to demonstrate by electron microscopy that an antigenic difference exists between the polar flagellum and the lateral flagella of Azospirillum brasilense ATCC 29145.
Dynamical effects at avoided level crossings: A study of the Landau-Zener effect using Rydberg atoms

We present a study of the dynamics of traversing an avoided energy level crossing. A pair of Stark levels of Rydberg states of lithium are used as a test system for measuring the diabatic transition probability. The experimental conditions are close to those assumed by the Landau-Zener theory. Possible corrections to the Landau-Zener theory are analyzed, and applications of the results to pulsed-field ionization are discussed.
CHI as a cross-tribal community

Fast Forward presents me with an opportunity to think about where user-interface design has been over the past four decades in which I have worked and about its future. I hope you will enjoy and benefit from joining me in this ongoing discussion. Your feedback is welcome.