cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pre-Apheresis Peripheral Blood CD34+ Cell Count Obviates Need for Pre-Emptive Plerixafor in Half of Patients Undergoing Stem Cell Mobilization.

Success and safety of autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is contingent on collecting enough CD34+ cells. CXCR4 antagonists (plerixafor) can increase the success and efficiency of stem cell mobilization. Plerixafor has been increasingly used but concerns remain about its cost and logistics of administration. We report our experience with plerixafor administration based on pre-apheresis peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ cell counts. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent stem cell mobilization and transplant at our center between 07/2012 and 06/2018. Patients with incomplete records were excluded. PB CD34+ cell counts were obtained daily starting the day before apheresis. Target yield was 5 × 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg with a minimum of 2 × 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg being acceptable. Lymphoma patients were mobilized primarily after chemotherapy whereas patients with plasma cell disorders were mobilized with steady state G-CSF. Plerixafor was pre-emptively given when PB CD34+ cell count was ≤20 cells/uL. Repeat plerixafor dosing was per provider preference. Median [IQR] is reported, and t-tests or Wilcoxon Rank-Sum tests were used for continuous variables whereas n (%) is reported, and Chi-Square/Fisher Exact tests were used for categorical variables. A total of 132 patients were included. 50.8% were given plerixafor pre-emptively (Pre-emptive group, n=67) and 49.2% were not (non-pre-emptive group, n=65). 13 patients in the non-pre-emptive group subsequently received plerixafor. Median pre-apheresis PB CD34+ cell count (cell/uL) was 11.22 in the pre-emptive group (before plerixafor administration) and 42.99 in the non-pre-emptive group. Overall, 11 patients (8.3%) required a second mobilization and 40 patients (30.3%) successfully reached target yield after 1 apheresis session without plerixafor use. No difference was noted between both groups in age (p=0.45), gender (p=0.16), mobilization method (p=0.063), primary diagnosis (p=0.571), mobilization attempts (p=0.53), number of apheresis sessions (p=0.72) and CD34+ cell yield (p=0.70). Total number of plerixafor doses was significantly lower in the non-pre-emptive group (p In summary, dosing plerixafor based on pre-apheresis PB CD34+ cell counts allows for a high success rate on the first mobilization attempt while minimizing plerixafor use.
Robocrystallographer: automated crystal structure text descriptions and analysis

Our ability to describe crystal structure features is of crucial importance when attempting to understand structure–property relationships in the solid state. In this paper, the authors introduce robocrystallographer, an open-source toolkit for analyzing crystal structures. This package combines new and existing open-source analysis tools to provide structural information, including the local coordination and polyhedral type, polyhedral connectivity, octahedral tilt angles, component-dimensionality, and molecule-within-crystal and fuzzy prototype identification. Using this information, robocrystallographer can generate text-based descriptions of crystal structures that resemble descriptions written by human crystallographers. The authors use robocrystallographer to investigate the dimensionalities of all compounds in the Materials Project database and highlight its potential in machine learning studies.
Odontocete Social Strategies and Tactics Along and Inshore

Odontocetes are social animals, and long-term studies of nearshore species have documented high levels of social complexity, cultural innovation, cooperation, and social bonding within populations. While odontocete social lives may ultimately owe their existence to the predator protection benefits of grouping, it is becoming clear that there is great variability in the nature of social relationships and fitness consequences of social behavior for whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Although much of what we know still comes from limited longitudinal studies of identified individuals from a handful of species at multiple sites, information from new populations and species highlights the flexibility and vulnerability of odontocete societies in close proximity to humans and the need for robust conservation and management plans that account for social and cultural processes.
Mid-term Outcomes of the Supported Ross Procedure in Children, Teenagers, and Young Adults.

The Ross procedure in children, teenagers, and young adults, especially among those with a bicuspid aortic valve with aortic regurgitation, has been associated with neoaortic root dilatation and recurrence of aortic regurgitation. We have shown that at intermediate follow-up, patients who underwent a supported Ross technique were less likely to have neoaortic root dilatation. This study summarizes our most recent outcomes. This was a retrospective review of 40 consecutive pediatric and young adult patients undergoing a supported Ross procedure from 2005 to 2018. Clinical outcomes were reviewed in addition to echocardiographic measures of neoaortic dimension and neoaortic valve function. The median age at surgery was 16.0 years (range 10 – 35 years). Preoperative diagnosis was aortic regurgitation in 15 (37.5%) and mixed regurgitation/stenosis in 20 (50%). Median follow-up was 3.5 years (1.4–5.6) with 3 patients followed for more than 10 years. There were no deaths. Five patients had a reintervention, but only 1 on the aortic valve. One patient returned to the operating room on postoperative day 1 for revision of the right coronary button. Two patients required biventricular pacemakers for reduced ejection fraction. One patient developed aortic regurgitation and underwent mechanical valve replacement and another required a reintervention on the homograft with a percutaneously placed pulmonary valve replacement. At last follow-up, 39 patients had mild or less aortic regurgitation with median sinus z-score of 1.40 (0.48–2.07). Mid-term follow-up of pediatric and young adult patients undergoing a supported Ross operation for various aortic valve pathologies demonstrate excellent results with minimal neoaortic root dilation and reintervention.
Family Therapies for Adults with Diabetes

Research and social ecological theory conclude that social support has positive effects on mental and physical health. Family support may “buffer” the effects of stress, and family members may model or encourage positive health habits. Although current findings indicate that social support relates to better diabetes outcomes for persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D), little is known about the impact of family relationships, or interventions, on adults with type 1 diabetes. For adults with T2D, most family intervention studies have substantive limitations: some do not describe the nature of the family member’s involvement in the intervention and some lack a meaningful control group. A major concern is that most studies lack an individual intervention comparator and therefore do not speak to the specific question of whether involving the family is more efficacious than not doing so. The Diabetes Support Project (DSP), based on interdependence theory, is described in detail. It was a practical, randomized controlled trial in which adults with T2D in poor glycemic control were randomized to a telephonic couples intervention, a comparable individual intervention, or individual-only diabetes education. Results supported the value of partner involvement. Unique challenges to studying family interventions are described. Future research must address how to implement tailored family interventions that are replicable, yet flexible, and also determine what works best for whom.
The role and outcomes of new supraventricular tachycardia among patients with mild heart failure.

INTRODUCTION We aimed to assess the predictors of new supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and the association of new SVT with subsequent clinical outcomes among mild heart failure (HF) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS The study population comprised patients enrolled in MADIT-CRT, after exclusion of patients with atrial arrhythmias before enrollment (N = 325). Multivariate analysis was used to identify predictors of new-onset SVT and the association of time-dependent development of SVT with subsequent ventricular tachyarrhythmic events (VTEs), HF-hospitalizations, and death. SVT burden was categorized into three groups based on the number of episodes per patient; (a) Low 80 mmHg and prior non sustained ventricular arrhythmia were independent predictors for SVT. Multivariate analysis showed that the development of time-dependent SVT was associated with a >4-fold increased risk for VTEs (HR = 4.3; 95% CI: 1.6-11.7; P = .004) and with a >6-fold increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 6.5; 95% CI: 2.3-18.7; P < .001), but not with HF hospitalizations (HR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.7-7.2; P = .17). Intermediate, and high SVT-burden were each independent risk factors for death when compared with Low burden (HR = 9.1; P = .03, and HR = 19.4; P < .001; respectively). CONCLUSIONS In patients with mild HF, the development of new-onset SVT after device implantation is related to distinct baseline clinical and epidemiologic characteristics and is associated with a significant increase in subsequent adverse outcomes, including VTEs and death.
Investigating the microstructure and morphology of chips in dry, flood coolant and MQL machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

The objective of this research is to investigate the morphology and microstructure of the chips formed during milling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using conventional flood coolant and sustainable dry and MQL machining conditions. It was found that the chips formed in dry machining suffered a higher degree of serration indicating higher chip temperature and ineffective cooling of the chips. The bi-modal structure of Ti-6Al-4V remained the same in the bulk part of the chips. However, phase transformations were seen for all three machining conditions at the shearing plane of the chips. The chips formed in dry machining had comparatively higher percentage of β-phase due to phase transformation. For the chips obtained in flood coolant machining, the transformed β-phase possibly returned to martensitic α-phase due to rapid cooling. The MQL machined chips had the least transformation of β-phase, indicating minimal changes in mechanical properties of the machined parts in sustainable MQL machining.
Influence of variability in testing parameters on cookstove performance metrics based on the water boiling test

Abstract Biomass cookstoves have been studied extensively for several decades. The Water Boiling Test (WBT) has been a widely adopted protocol for obtaining measurements needed to quantify biomass cookstove performance metrics. WBT metrics have been commonly used to evaluate cookstove effectiveness and serve as a basis for comparing biomass cookstoves. This paper demonstrates the influence of variations in testing parameters on measured or calculated metrics, especially since changes in multiple testing parameters may have competing effects on a given metric. In controlled experiments, this study assessed the effects of variations in the presence or absence of a pot lid, firepower, pot size, the initial mass of water, and presence or absence of boiling on the performance metrics of overall thermal efficiency (η), thermal efficiency associated with heating water (ηheat), specific consumption (SC), and the time to reach 90 °C. η was not greatly affected by variations in any of the testing parameters (i.e. no effect was greater than 6% of the base case). SC and ηheat, which are interrelated metrics, can provide additional insights on cookstove efficiency. Although these latter metrics showed a wide range of values due to variations in testing parameters, the use of a lid greatly reduced variations in both ηheat and SC metrics even when there were significant variations in the other testing parameters. Thus, the use of a lid would provide better consistency for cookstove comparisons when using these metrics. The time to reach 90 °C varied widely among changes in testing parameters. Therefore, this metric is difficult to use for cookstove comparison without strict control of testing protocols.
Abstract NG14: Proteome instability is an immunogenic therapeutic vulnerability in mismatch repair deficient cancer

Deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) induces a hypermutator phenotype, leaving a genomic scar known as microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI is observed in approximately 30% of endometrial cancers, 20% of gastric cancers, 15% of colorectal cancers, and in a smaller fraction of other tumor types. This hypermutator phenotype is thought to produce large numbers of immunogenic neoantigens, leading to the approval of MSI status as a clinical biomarker for immunotherapy. However, more than 60% of patients with MSI tumors fail to respond to immune checkpoint therapy. To uncover alternative therapeutic vulnerabilities for these patients, we used transcriptome signature-guided approaches to identify MLN4924 (pevonedistat), a Nedd8-activating enzyme inhibitor, as a potential therapy for dMMR/MSI cancers. We discover that destabilizing mutations from the dMMR mutation process lead to rampant proteome instability in MSI tumors, resulting in an abundance of misfolded protein aggregates. To compensate, MSI cancer cells activate a Nedd8-mediated degradation pathway to facilitate clearance of misfolded proteins, which is blocked by treatment with MLN4924. The accumulation of misfolded proteins in MSI cancer cells following MLN4924 treatment activated the unfolded protein response, promoted immune cell migration, and induced immunogenic cell death. Antitumor vaccination with MLN4924-treated cells stimulated the generation of endogenous tumor antibodies and prevented tumor incidence upon re-challenge. Based on this immunostimulation, we combined MLN4924 with PD1 blockade, finding that the combination increased recruitment of CD8+ lymphocytes and improved therapeutic efficacy beyond either treatment alone. Taken together, our results indicate that targeting proteome instability is a novel therapeutic avenue for MSI patients and may potentiate immune checkpoint blockade, potentially increasing the depth and duration of response, as well as the fraction of dMMR/MSI patients who can benefit. Citation Format: Nidhi Sahni, Daniel J. McGrail, Jeannine Garnett, Jun Yin, Hui Dai, David J. H. Shih, Guang Peng, David Menter, Melinda S. Yates, Scott Kopetz, Karen Lu, Russell Broaddus, Gordon B. Mills, Shiaw Y. Lin. Proteome instability is an immunogenic therapeutic vulnerability in mismatch repair deficient cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr NG14.
Social determinants of health, personalized medicine, and child maltreatment

This review begins with a brief summary of the importance of child maltreatment as a major public health problem, given its prevalence and the substantial human and economic costs involved. The focus then shifts to consideration of personalized medicine and child maltreatment, including genetic and genomics factors, as well as the role of social determinants of health. Research on epigenetics related to child abuse and neglect is presented, followed by that pertaining to a few specific social factors, such as poverty, parental depression and substance use, and domestic (or intimate partner) violence. The review ends with a discussion of interventions to help address social determinants of health with brief descriptions of several model programs, and thoughts concerning the role of personalized medicine in addressing child maltreatment in the foreseeable future. IMPACT: This paper synthesizes knowledge on social determinants of health and advances in genetics and genomics related to the prevention of child maltreatment. It provides examples of model approaches to addressing the prevention of child maltreatment in primary care practices.
Selling Antislavery: Abolition and Mass Media in Antebellum America, by Teresa A. Goddu: U of Pennsylvania P, 2020.

Selling Antislavery is divided into three parts, each of which is supported by two chapters of analysis. In a brief Introduction, Goddu offers an impressively compact preview of the book to come. S...
Differential effects of the Src family tyrosine kinases Yes and Fyn on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in mice.

Endothelial cell apoptosis is an early event in the development of acute lung injury (ALI). We have previously found that the Src family tyrosine kinase (STK) Yes activates caspase-3, whereas the S...
Translating the Science of Cancer Dormancy to the Clinic

The paradigm of metastasis has been significantly remodeled by the incorporation of cancer dormancy as a mechanism to explain long-term remission intervals followed by relapse. There is overall consensus on the potential impact of better understanding dormancy. Key cancer-cell autonomous and microenvironmental mechanisms might explain this biology and, in turn, the timing of metastasis. However, the approach and feasibility to apply this biology to clinical trials has been controversial. The discussion here provides insight into how these controversies are being resolved by the development of active clinical trials, thus bringing to reality opportunities to target cancer dormancy.
Early Diagnostic Prediction of Covid-19 using Gradient-Boosting Machine Model

With the huge spike in the COVID-19 cases across the globe and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test remains a key component for rapid and accurate detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In recent months there has been an acute shortage of medical supplies in developing countries, especially a lack of RT-PCR testing resulting in delayed patient care and high infection rates. We present a gradient-boosting machine model that predicts the diagnostics result of SARS-CoV- 2 in an RT-PCR test by utilizing eight binary features. We used the publicly available nationwide dataset released by the Israeli Ministry of Health.
Peripheral Microvascular Vasodilatory Response to Estradiol and Genistein in Women with Insulin Resistance.

Objective E2 enhances vasodilation in healthy women, but vascular effects of the phytoestrogen GEN are still under investigation. IR compromises microvascular function. We therefore examined the interaction of E2, GEN, and IR on microvascular vasodilatory responsiveness. Methods We hypothesized that E2 and GEN increase microvascular vasodilation in healthy women (control, n = 8, 23 ± 2 year, BMI: 25.9 ± 2.9 kg/m2) but not in women with IR (n = 7, 20 ± 1 year, BMI: 27.3 ± 3.0 kg/m2). We used the cutaneous circulation as a model of microvascular vasodilatory function. We determined CVC with laser Doppler flowmetry and beat-to-beat blood pressure during local cutaneous heating (42°C) with E2 or GEN microdialysis perfusions. Because heat-induced vasodilation is primarily an NO-mediated response, we examined microvascular vasodilation with and without L-NMMA. Results In C, E2 enhanced CVC (94.4 ± 2.6% vs. saline 81.6 ± 4.2% CVCmax, p < 0.05), which was reversed with L-NMMA (80.9 ± 7.8% CVCmax, p < 0.05), but GEN did not affect vasodilation. Neither E2 nor GEN altered CVC in IR, although L-NMMA attenuated CVC during GEN. Conclusions Our study does not support improved microvascular responsiveness during GEN exposure in healthy young women, and demonstrates that neither E2 nor GEN improves microvascular vasodilatory responsiveness in women with IR.
Identification of a novel cyclin-like protein in human tumor cells.

Cyclins are key regulatory proteins that, in concert with cyclin-dependent protein kinase subunits (cdks), function to govern critical transitions and/or restriction points during the course of cell cycle progression. Recently, a number of putative mammalian G1 cyclins have been characterized at the molecular level; however, the specific activities of the cyclin/cdk complexes and the precise biochemical pathways regulated by the G1 cyclins remain to be elucidated. In the present study we identify a novel cyclin-like protein in pediatric bone and extremity tumors that appears to be related to, but is clearly distinct from, previously identified members of the cyclin D family, as determined by its profile of antibody cross-reactivity, apparent molecular size, chromatographic behavior, physicochemical properties, and pattern of peptide mapping. This 46-kDa cyclin-like protein, tentatively designated p46cyclin X, is first expressed in synchronized MG-63 osteosarcoma cells in mid-G1, well after the induction of p36cyclin D1, yet prior to the induction of cyclins E and A. Northern analysis, utilizing an oligonucleotide probe complementary to an epitope shared by cyclins D1, D2, and X, detected a novel mRNA species, the appearance of which correlates with p46cyclin X expression. The p46cyclin X protein in Ewing's sarcomas and Wilms' tumors is electrophoretically and chromatographically distinct from both p36cyclin D1 and p34cyclin D2. Moreover, the p46cyclin X protein is 1) precipitated by p9Ckshs1-agarose beads, 2) physically associated with p33cdk2, and 3) autophosphorylated in in vitro kinase reactions. Taken together with the biochemical data, the temporal expression of the p46cyclin X/p33cdk2 kinase system is suggestive of a potential role in regulating latter G1 events (i.e. START) in the commitment to S phase.
On the foundations of oblivious transfer

We show that oblivious transfer can be based on a very general notion of asymmetric information difference. We investigate a Universal Oblivious Transfer, denoted UOT(X, Y), that gives Bob the freedom to access Alice's input X in an arbitrary way as long as he does not obtain full information about X. Alice does not learn which information Bob has chosen. We show that oblivious transfer can be reduced to a single execution of UOT(X, Y) with Bob's knowledge Y restricted in terms of Renyi entropy of order α > 1. For independently repeated UOT the reduction works even if only Bob's Shannon information is restricted, i.e. if H(X¦Y) > 0 in every UOT(X, Y). Our protocol requires that honest Bob obtains at least half of Alice's information X without error.
Optimizing enterprise-scale OWL 2 RL reasoning in a relational database system

OWL 2 RL was standardized as a less expressive but scalable subset of OWL 2 that allows a forward-chaining implementation. However, building an enterprise-scale forward-chaining based inference engine that can 1) take advantage of modern multi-core computer architectures, and 2) efficiently update inference for additions remains a challenge. In this paper, we present an OWL 2 RL inference engine implemented inside the Oracle database system, using novel techniques for parallel processing that can readily scale on multicore machines and clusters. Additionally, we have added support for efficient incremental maintenance of the inferred graph after triple additions. Finally, to handle the increasing number of owl:sameAs relationships present in Semantic Web datasets, we have provided a hybrid in-memory/disk based approach to efficiently compute compact equivalence closures. We have done extensive testing to evaluate these new techniques; the test results demonstrate that our inference engine is capable of performing efficient inference over ontologies with billions of triples using a modest hardware configuration.
Split-Off IPOs: Market Returns and Efficiency

This paper investigates split-off initial public offerings (IPOs). Our objective is to investigate the returns prior and subsequent to the offering date of split-off IPOs for hightechnology firms in the most recent bull market. Such an investigation is warranted for at least two reasons. First, if both the parent’s and the subsidiary’s stock price increase significantly prior to the IPO, but the parent’s stock price declines but a greater, share-adjusted, basis than the subsidiary’s stock price increases following the IPO, arbitrage opportunities may result. Second, in light of the large, one-day returns observed during 1999 for high-technology companies, an observation of mispriced technology split-off IPOs may be possible. Using a sample of ten recent split-off IPOs, the market price of parent companies carving out a small percentage of a major subsidiary tends to rise one month prior to the filing date and continues to rise until the offering date. Furthermore, this increase is highly related to the success of the IPO on the first trading day subsequent to the IPO. Furthermore, the market appears to anticipate the extent of the success of the IPO correctly. Subsequent to the offering day, the subsidiaries perform well for about three months, while the parent company performs poorly, on average, giving up nearly all of its pre-offering gains. Further investigation of potential arbitrage opportunities indicates that, if both the parent and the subsidiary can be shorted, very large trading profits can be obtained. This result holds for pairs of stocks where the parent’s price includes at least 20 percent of the subsidiary’s price.
Estimating the Initial Crack Size in a Particulate Composite Material: An Analytical and Experimental Approach

Abstract : In this study, a technique to predict the equivalent initial crack size (EICS) in a particulate composite material, containing hard particles embedded in a rubber matrix, was developed using constant strain rate crack propagation test data. The accuracy of the developed technique was determined. In addition, the statistical distribution of the equivalent initial crack size follows the second asymptotic distribution of maximum value.
A Gaussian/Laplacian hybrid statistical voice activity detector for line spectral frequency-based speech coders

In this paper we introduce a voice activity detection (VAD) algorithm that is based on a two-state hidden Markov model. The observation layer of the proposed model, that contains the state conditional probability density functions, is a Gaussian-Laplacian hybrid. The proposed algorithm provides a false detection rate that is significantly lower than that of G. 729 Annex B VAD. Given that it works in the domain of ITU-T G.729 parameters, it requires a minimal additional cost for feature extraction.
Laser driven shock wave measurements in the 100-Mbar range

A well-known advantage of UV laser beams for high-irradiance laser plasma production is the higher ablation pressure1 and lower electron preheat2 compared to similar irradiances in the visible or IR. However, previous measurements have been limited to small spots by the available laser energy. In the present experiments, several of the 2-kJ 3ω 1-ns laser beams of Nova have been used to produce laser irradiances up to 1013 W/cm−2 with relatively large spot sizes.
A novel technique of PLA test generation for multiprocessing environment

The authors focus on the multitasking technique, in particular using macrotasking for the test generation of PLAs (programmable logic arrays). The results show an impressive speedup that is even greater when vectorization and multitasking are used simultaneously. These two avenues can achieve higher speed performance for PLA test generation than any previous implementation reported. >
A new modulation strategy for improved DC bus utilization in hard and soft switched multilevel inverters

Multilevel inverters provide an attractive solution for high power, high voltage applications. While the multilevel topology permits higher voltages using devices of lower ratings, the DC link voltage balancing problem is a serious drawback which limits the applicability of multilevel topologies for motor drives. So far, redundant state selection has been the only method for regulating the capacitor voltages which results in a limited voltage capability. A new control strategy to improve the DC bus utilization, while generating low THD voltages is introduced. The proposed scheme is independent of the type of multilevel inverter topology and can be used for both hard and soft switching inverters. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the validity of control scheme.
Will a robot be a human

It has been a long-standing contention on whether or not robots can eventually be as intelligent as humans. Neither side of the contention has provided solid arguments of proving this way or the other. We reason in this article that a digital robot will not have same mental experience as a human so far as the self-awareness of an existing person cannot be duplicated. This thesis draws a line between biological humans and digital robots. It makes us rethink the issues such as the limitation of computer software, how far machine intelligence can go, whether robots will eventually dominate humans intellectually, what machines are, and who we are.
Dose escalation of first in human alpha radioimmunotherapy with 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab

638 Objectives To study toxicity, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of intra-peritoneal (IP) 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab in patients with HER-2 expressing malignancy. This phase I trial provides IP therapy for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who have failed standard therapies. Methods 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab was delivered IP Results Four dose levels (7.4, 9.6, 12.6, 16.3 MBq/m2) have shown minimal toxicity at >1 year for 1st group & >2-10 mo for others. Imaging and pharmacokinetics in the 1st cohort (n=3) showed little redistribution of radioactivity out of the peritoneal cavity, no significant uptake in major organs and serum levels 2-12 mo. Conclusions Four dose levels of IP 212Pb-TCMC-trastuzumab treatment of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis showed minimal distribution outside the peritoneal cavity and good tolerance with minimal related toxicity. Research Support AREVA Med, NIH 1UL1RR025777-01
The use of screws for maxillary denture fixation

Stabilization of dentures or prostheses to the maxilla is necessary and desirable for trauma and maxillectomy patients. The use of screws from standard compression plating sets provides an inexpensive, simple, and well-tolerated means of achieving reliable fixation.
Phosphorus mineralization in subarctic agricultural and forest soils

Potential P and C mineralization rates were determined in a 12-week laboratory incubation study on subarctic forest and agricultural soil samples with and without N fertilizer added. There was no significant difference in net inorganic P produced between N fertilized and unfertilized soils. The forest soil surface horizons had the highest net inorganic P mineralized, 32 mg P kg-1 soil for the Oie and 17 mg P kg-1 soil for the Oa. In the cropped soils net inorganic P immobilization started after 4 weeks and lasted through 12 weeks of incubation. Cumulative CO2−C evolution rates differed significantly among soils, and between fertilizer treatments, with the N-fertilized soils evolving lower rates of CO2−C than the unfertilized soils. Soils from the surface horizons in the forest evolved the highest rates of CO2−C (127.6 and 89.4 mg g-1 soil for the Oie and Oa horizons, respectively) followed by the cleared uncropped soil (42.8 mg g-1 soil C), and the cropped soils (25.4 and 29.0 mg g-1 soil C). In vitro soil respiration rates, or potential soil organic matter decomposition rates, decreased with increasing time after clearing and in accord with the degree of disturbance. Only soils with high potential C mineralization rates and high organic P to total P ratios, mineralized P by the end of the study. Mineralizable P appeared to be associated with readily mineralizable organic C.
Interfering pathways in benzene: an analytical treatment

The mechanism for off-resonant electron transport through small organic molecules in metallic junctions is predominantly coherent tunneling. Thus, new device functionalities based on quantum interference could be developed in the field of molecular electronics. We invoke a partitioning technique to give an analytical treatment of quantum interference in a benzene ring. We interpret the antiresonances in the transmission as either multipath zeroes resulting from interfering spatial pathways or resonance zeroes analogous to zeroes induced by sidechains.
Protecting your good name: identity theft and its prevention

Identity theft is becoming one of the most common forms of theft in the United States. It has affected millions of Americans in the past few years. This type of crime is devastating to the victim. This paper will discuss what is identity theft, how does it occur, the types of identity theft, the consequences of identity theft, things victims can do if they discovered that their identity has been stolen and how to minimize the risk of identity theft.
Flow between Two Co‐Axial Tubes near the Entry

Laminar entry flow (flow in the inlet length) of a viscous incompressible fluid between two co-axial cylinders is studied on the basis of linearized Navier-Stokes equations. It is assumed that the velocity of the fluid is uniform at the entrance cross section. Formulas for the longitudinal components of the velocity and pressure gradient are obtained, and inlet length is calculated. Die laminare Eintrittsstromung einer zahflussigen inkompressiblen Flussigkeit in den Raum zwischen zwei koaxialen Zylindern wird auf der Grundlage der linearisierten Navier-Stokesschen Gleichungen behandelt. Es wird angenommen, das die Geschwindigkeit der Flussigkeit am Eintrittsquerschnitt gleichmasig ist. Man erhalt Formeln fur die Langskomponenten der Geschwindigkeit und den Druckgradienten. Auserdem wird die Eingangsstrecke berechnet.
The social context of modeling

Social learning theory assumes that modeled behavior serves as information which the observer acquires via symbolic representations rather than specific stimulus-response associations, it would appear, then, that this process should follow rules governing social communication. it is also to be expected that the social context and the characteristics of both the social situation and the model will affect modeling behavior. It is posited in this paper that such influences operate through three cognitive processes: attention-instigation, behavior discrimination, and information via model characteristics.
Pleiotropic effects of HIF-1 blockade on tumor radiosensitivity

We have previously shown that radiation increases HIF-1 activity in tumors, causing significant radioprotection of the tumor vasculature. The impact that HIF-1 activation has on overall tumor radiosensitivity, however, is unknown. We reveal here that HIF-1 plays an important role in determining tumor radioresponsiveness through regulating four distinct processes. By promoting ATP metabolism, proliferation, and p53 activation, HIF-1 has a radiosensitizing effect on tumors. Through stimulating endothelial cell survival, HIF-1 promotes tumor radioresistance. As a result, the net effect of HIF-1 blockade on tumor radioresponsiveness is highly dependent on treatment sequencing, with "radiation first" strategies being significantly more effective than the alternative. These data provide a strong rationale for pursuing sequence-specific combinations of HIF-1 blockade and conventional therapeutics.
Quark hadron continuity in QCD with one flavor

We study QCD with one flavor at finite baryon density. In the limit of very high baryon density the system is expected to be a color superconductor. In the case of one flavor, the order parameter is in a {bar 3} of color and has a total angular momentum of 1. We show that, in weak coupling perturbation theory, the energetically preferred phase exhibits ''color-spin locking''; i.e., the color and spin direction of the condensate are aligned. We discuss the properties of this phase and argue that it shares important features of the hadronic phase at low density. In particular, we find an unbroken rotational symmetry, spin-3/2 quasiparticles, and an unusual mechanism for quark-antiquark condensation. Our results are relevant to three flavor QCD in the regime where the strange quark mass is bigger than the critical value for color-flavor locking. We find that the gaps in this case are on the order of 1 MeV.
Modeling of soil vapor extraction (SVE) systems — Part II. Biodegradation aspects of soil vapor extraction

The biodegradation aspects of a previously presented model were examined with regard to the effect of vacuum and of uncertainty in the Monod reaction-rate constant on the bioreaction contribution. Data from the literature of Monod parameters were applied to the simulator to examine whether claims in the literature, of very significant biodegradation of non-halogenated aliphatics and aromatics by bioventing, were realistic. Generally, the conservative claim of 15% remediation by aerobic biodegradation was found to be realistic. Circumstances where the increase in vacuum had no positive effect on remediation time nor on remediation cost were presented. Predicting biological phenomena in nature is extremely difficult due to the influence of many variables and the impact of their interdependence on parametric sensitivity.
The Tal1 Oncoprotein Inhibits E47-mediated Transcription MECHANISM OF INHIBITION

The Tal1 oncogene is a class II basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, overexpressed in as much as 60% of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases. Like other class II bHLH proteins, Tal1 can heterodimerize with the class I bHLH proteins, such as E47, and bind to a DNA recognition sequence termed E box. Therefore, it is believed that the oncogenic capacity of Tal1 lies in its ability, as a heterodimer with E47, to activate aberrantly a set of "leukemogenic" genes in T cells. However, compared with E47 homodimers, Tal1/E47 heterodimers are very poor transactivators. Thus the effect of Tal1 is actually to inhibit E47 homodimer activity. Here we propose that the transforming properties of Tal1 are the result of its ability to inhibit E47 activity. We address the mechanism of Tal1 inhibition and demonstrate that Tal1/E47 heterodimers cannot activate transcription because their respective activation domains are incompatible. Furthermore, we present data showing that Tal1 can inhibit E47-mediated activation of the CIP1 gene. Finally, we demonstrate that Tal1 inhibits E47 activity in leukemic T cells.
Redshift quantization in the cosmic background rest frame

Evidence for redshift quantization is reviewed and summarlized. The cosmic background rest frame appears to be central to the effect. Periods are consistently found to be members of a set predicted by the ninth-root Lehto-Tifft rule which has implications relating to the possible nature of time, particle physics and cosmology. Galaxies can be divided into four morphological families associated with particular classes of periods. Numerous examples are given including recent work where redshifts appear to show evidence of changes between related quantized levels.
Dot-Bombs: lessons from the dot-com debacle

While a great deal can be learned from examining dot-com successes, even more can be learned from studying dot-com failures. The number of failures, unfortunately, is in the many hundreds and has resulted in the loss of billions of dollars and thousands of jobs. The authors describe the major reasons so many firms failed and offer advice for future dot-coms on how to succeed.
CD20: a regulator of cell-cycle progression of B lymphocytes

CD20 is a B-cell-specific cell-surface molecule with four membrane-spanning domains, as well as cytoplasmic N- and C-terminal domains. Here, Thomas Tedder and Pablo Engel discuss the suggestion that CD20 is a regulator of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and plays an important functional role in B-cell activation, proliferation and differentiation.
The structure of r(UUCGCG) has a 5'-UU-overhang exhibiting Hoogsteen-like trans U.U base pairs.

The structure of r(UUCGCG) has a 5′-UU-overhang exhibiting Hoogsteen-like trans U•U base pairs
Increased herbage yield in alfalfa associated with selection for fibrous and lateral roots

A positive association between root morphology and herbage yield in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) has been reported previously. To further investigate this association, we created populations that differ in root morphology within four unrelated experimental germplasm sources. Two germplasm sources were divergently selected for lateral root number, and two sources underwent divergent selection for fibrous root mass followed by divergent selection for lateral root number. Selected and unselected populations from all germplasm sources were evaluated for herbage yield, root morphology, fall dormancy response, and disease resistance. Herbage yield was evaluated using eight replicates of a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement of fertilizer rates (0 and 200 kg N ha -1 ) as whole plots and alfalfa populations as subplots. Experiments were established twice at each of two locations in May 1994. Two herbage yield harvests were recorded from one experiment at each location, and plots were dug and evaluated for root traits in fall 1994. Herbage yields were taken from the other experiment at each location twice in 1994 and four times in 1995, and again plots were dug and evaluated for root traits in fall 1995. All populations were evaluated for fall dormancy response in 1994 and disease resistance in 1995 according to standard protocols. Populations selected for more fibrous or lateral roots had greater herbage yield than populations selected for no or few fibrous or lateral roots in all four germplasm sources. No differences in root size or weight, dormancy, or disease resistance were found between fibrous or branch-rooted vs. taprooted populations. Selection for fibrous and lateral roots within these alfalfa germplasms increased herbage yield in the tested environments.
Iterative solutions of boundary integral equations of the first kind

In this paper the Landweber-Fridman iterative scheme is used to construct the solution to a system of Fredholm integral equations of the first kind. In general, the underlying integral operator is not in a form for which the Landweber-Fridman iterative scheme can be used directly. Consequently, appropriate modifications are given. The method presented is then applied to the exterior Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation in R2. Examples illustrating the method are given.
Church-based ESL program as a figured world: Immigrant adult learners, language, identity, power

Abstract Drawing on the theoretical perspectives of figured worlds ( Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, & Cain, 1998 ), dialogic discourse ( Bakhtin, 1981 ), and a poststructuralist approach to language, this three-year ethnographic study explores the ways in which artifacts and classroom discourse of a church-based ESL program in a Southeastern U.S. city facilitate or constrain the immigrant adult learners’ participation. This study indicates that the church-based ESL program is a Christian figured world that is not natural but nurtured and naturalized. This program serves as a linguistic, cultural, and community broker to help the adult learners with learning English and socialization, whereas Christian principles, norms, and values are imposed on the adult learners. This can lead to some learners’ resistance or non-participation. The church-based ESL program is therefore a missionary tool to proselytize. Learning English in this Christian figured world is a process of being, self-assigned or other-assigned identity transformation.
REMARKS ON THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE CROW INDIANS

DR LOWIE'S recent paper on the social life of the Crow' brings valuable contributions to our knowledge of the organization and customs of these Indians. The interesting chapter on "War Customs" (pp. 230-238) is stated to be an advance sheet of a more elaborate exposition of the subject, which is to follow. The section on "Joking Relationship" (pp. 204-206), its brevity notwithstanding, constitutes the first systematic treatment of these highly curious and little-understood practices. The major part of the paper, however, is devoted to the study of the Crow clan system and relationship terms (pp. 189-212). While the data there presented are of considerable intrinsic value and interest, the method of presenting the material adopted by Dr Lowie also requires a word of comment. The Crow are organized in exogamous clans with maternal descent. At the present time breaches of the exogamous rule are known to occur. Dr Lowie mentions some six examples, but as these infractions of the ancient custom have all been committed
A COMPARISON OF INDIRECT MEASURES FOR LONG‐DURATION BEHAVIORS1

A computer program was developed to simulate long-duration behavior. The program generated data by using two time-series models linked together by a covariance parameter. By varying the parameters of the program, the characteristics of the simulated behavior were altered, including the mean and variance of the durations of behavior, the mean and variance of the interresponse time, and the degree of relationship within and between durations of behavior and interresponse times. Four data-collection methods were applied to the simulated data: whole interval, partial interval, momentary time-sampling, and continuous measures. The accuracies of the first three recording measures were judged by comparing them to the continuous measure. The results indicated that only the momentary time-sampling approach yielded unbiased results. The degree of bias for the whole and partial interval measures was a function of the ratio of the interval recording length to the sum of the mean duration of behavior and the mean interresponse time. Unfortunately, it was concluded that researchers cannot estimate the magnitudes of these latter two parameters for most behaviors of interest and, consequently, are unable to choose an appropriate interval length. Therefore, it was recommended that the use of interval recording approaches be greatly restricted and that momentary time-sampling be substituted where possible.
Antivirals in dermatology

Elion GB. History, mechanism of action, spectrum and selectivity of nucleoside analogs. In: Mills J, Corey L, eds: Antiviral chemotherapy: new directions for clinical applications and research. New York: Elsevier, 1986:118-37. Sasadeusz JJ, Sacks SL. Systemic antivirals in herpesvirus infections. Dermatol Clin 1993;11:171-85. Whitley RJ, Gnann JW Jr. Acyclovir: a decade later. N Engl J Med 1992;327:782-9.
Fundamentals of single-molecule spectroscopy in solids

Abstract Single-molecule spectroscopy in solids depends upon several physical phenomena, notably the extreme narrowing of zero-phonon optical transitions at low temperatures which leads to high peak absorption cross-sections and inhomogeneous broadening. The factors influencing the signal-to-noise ratio for fluorescence excitation detection are reviewed, and recent single-molecule experiments are briefly listed.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome caused by the antiretroviral drug nevirapine

Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor widely used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection. Severe rash, including the Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), is the major toxicity of nevirapine and is described in the package labeling with a prominent, boxed warning. Though physicians treating large populations of patients with HIV are well aware of this complication, only one other report of nevirapine-associated SJS has been documented in the dermatology literature. We describe 2 cases of SJS related to nevirapine use and review the literature on this newly recognized association.
Radical yields in the radiolysis of cyclic compounds

Abstract The radiolytic decomposition of simple cyclic organic liquids mainly occurs by the breakage of a carbon–hydrogen bond giving the molecular radical and a hydrogen atom. Although the mechanism may be similar, very different yields are found for various six member rings such as cyclohexane, benzene, and pyridine. Experiments using iodine-scavenging techniques give both molecular radical and H atom yields directly and allow an examination of their correlation with each other in different condensed phase cyclic organics.