cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Significance of channel-belt clustering in alluvial basins

The distribution of channel deposits in alluvial basins is commonly used to interpret past changes in climate, tectonics, and sea level. Here we present preliminary evidence that longtime scale (~10 3 –10 5 yr) self-organization in fl uvial systems may generate structured stratigraphic patterns spontaneously, in the absence of, or independent from, changing basin boundary conditions. A physical experiment and an ancient alluvial succession (Ferris Formation, latest Cretaceous–Paleogene, south-central Wyoming) both show stratigraphy where clusters of many closely spaced channel deposits are separated from each other by extensive intervals of overbank mudstones. Analysis using spatial point process methods shows that channel deposits in both basins are statistically clustered over intermediate basin length scales. In the experiment, external controls (base level, subsidence rate, and sediment/water supplies) were not varied, and therefore not factors in cluster formation. Likewise, the ancient system lacks stratigraphic and sedimentologic evidence of external controls on channel clustering. We propose that channel clusters, as seen in this study, refl ect a scale of flself-organization that is not usually recognized in ancient deposits. This type of internally generated stratigraphy should be considered when reconstructing tectonic, climate, and sea-level changes from
Dual excited planar circular array antenna for direction agile applications

Smart antennas present a promising solution to the present day capacity and coverage shortage in mobile wireless communications. These intelligent antennas when used at the base station can avoid a lot of interference by transmitting and receiving signals only in desired directions. Circular array antennas have gained popularity among various antenna configurations used for direction agile applications. This paper presents a planar circular array antenna for base stations in mobile wireless communication systems. The antenna could be electronically steered to give a complete 360 coverage around the base station. The model was created using FEKO Suite 5.4, a Method of Moments (MoM) based electromagnetic simulation software. Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm was applied to maximize the gain of the antenna in a single azimuth direction. Ideal dimensions for the antenna structure were obtained from the optimization process. The designed antenna was fabricated and tested in an anechoic chamber to verify its radiation characteristics. The experimental results were found to be in good agreement with the simulation results.
The Effectiveness of a Buzz Marketing Approach Compared to Traditional Advertising: An Exploration

Marketers are now willing to go anyplace they can find a captive audience to espouse the virtues of their products. The success of the “buzz” marketing approach is linked to the consumer being lured into doing the advertising by spreading the message to others. This study compares students’ responses to a traditional advertising and a buzz approach. Using a factor analysis to identify variables, the results show that subjects perceive a buzz approach to be more influential than a traditional advertising. However, they do not perceive a buzz approach to be authentic. This finding is consistent with practitioners’ argument that, although a buzz approach may be effective in the short-term, once consumers recognize its selling intent, the program may have a “boomerang effect.”
Electron Spin Polarization Transfer from a Nitroxide Incarcerated within a Nanocapsule to a Nitroxide in the Bulk Aqueous Solution

A thioxanthone derivative containing a covalently attached 15N-labeled nitroxide was incarcerated into an octaacid nanocapsule. Photoexcitation of the thioxanthone chromophore generated electron spin polarization of the nitroxide. This spin polarization of the 15N-labeled nitroxide was transferred through the walls of the carcerand to a 14N-labeled nitroxide in external bulk solvent, a process that was directly observed by time-resolved EPR spectroscopy. The efficiency of the communication between the incarcerated guest and molecules in the bulk solvent was shown to be controlled by supramolecular factors such as Coulombic attraction and repulsion between the guest@host complex and charged molecules in the bulk solvent phase.
Development of bone morphogenetic protein receptors in the nervous system and possible roles in regulating trkC expression

Characterization of bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR) expression during development is necessary for understanding the role of these factors during neural maturation. In this study, in situ hybridization analyses demonstrate that BMP-specific type I (BMPR-IA and BMPR-IB) and type II (BMPR-II) receptor mRNAs are expressed at significant levels in multiple regions of the CNS, cranial ganglia, and peripheral sensory and autonomic ganglia during the embryonic and neonatal periods. All three BMP receptor subunits are expressed within periventricular generative zones. BMPR-IA is more abundant than the other receptor subtypes, with widespread expression in the brain, cranial ganglia, and peripheral ganglia. By contrast, BMPR-IB mRNA displays significant expression within more restricted regions, including the anterior olfactory nuclei. BMPR-II mRNA exhibits peak expression within the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer and the hippocampus, as well as within cranial ganglia. The distribution of BMP receptors within large neurons in adult dorsal root ganglia suggested a possible role in regulating expression of the neurotrophin receptor trkC. This hypothesis was tested in explant cultures of embryonic day 15 (E15) and postnatal day 1 (P1) sympathetic superior cervical ganglia (SCG). Treatment of the E15 or the P1 SCG with BMP-2 induced expression of trkC mRNA and responsiveness of sympathetic neurons to NT3 as measured by neurite outgrowth. The pattern of expression of BMP receptors in embryonic brain suggests several potentially novel areas for further developmental analysis and supports numerous recent studies that indicate that BMPs have a broad range of cellular functions during neural development and in adult life.
From Graduate Student to Professor: Reflection on the Transition and Tips for Those Who Follow

questionedwhether master’s-level athletic trainers were prepared to excelas educators. Successful completion of the Board of Certifi-cation (BOC) examination verifies that an athletic trainer hasthe knowledge and skills associated with the entry-levelpractice of athletic training, but earning a terminal degree‘‘does not mean that the person holding this degree necessarilyunderstands how to design, implement, assess, or even instructhis/her content expertise.’’
Sensorless commutation of printed circuit brushless direct current motors

The reliability and overall cost of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors can be significantly improved by implementation of an effective sensorless commutation control method. A recently proposed technique termed the 'equal inductance method' offers commutation control and starting performance equal to that obtained when using Hall sensors. However, the method applies to nominally symmetrical machines with high enough phase winding time constants. This study is about sensorless commutation of a class of motors which is characterised by significant asymmetry and relatively low-phase winding time constants. The motors in question are axial flux machines with ironless stators that may be wound or made up of printed circuits. The basic reason for the asymmetry is that the three-stator phases are stacked with each one of them located at a different axial distance from the rotor. The low-phase time constant is due to the ironless nature of the stator. The focus is on the printed circuit version of the motor. A new sensorless commutation technique has been developed, which is effectively a generalisation of the originally proposed equal inductance method. The theoretical basis behind the technique and practical results demonstrating its effectiveness are presented.
Use of the HR index to predict maximal oxygen uptake during different exercise protocols

This study examined the ability of the HRindex model to accurately predict maximal oxygen uptake (O2max) across a variety of incremental exercise protocols. Ten men completed five incremental protocols to volitional exhaustion. Protocols included three treadmill (Bruce, UCLA running, Wellness Fitness Initiative [WFI]), one cycle, and one field (shuttle) test. The HRindex prediction equation (METs = 6 × HRindex − 5, where HRindex = HRmax/HRrest) was used to generate estimates of energy expenditure, which were converted to body mass-specific estimates of O2max. Estimated O2max was compared with measured O2max. Across all protocols, the HRindex model significantly underestimated O2max by 5.1 mL·kg−1·min−1 (95% CI: −7.4, −2.7) and the standard error of the estimate (SEE) was 6.7 mL·kg−1·min−1. Accuracy of the model was protocol-dependent, with O2max significantly underestimated for the Bruce and WFI protocols but not the UCLA, Cycle, or Shuttle protocols. Although no significant differences in O2max estimates were identified for these three protocols, predictive accuracy among them was not high, with root mean squared errors and SEEs ranging from 7.6 to 10.3 mL·kg−1·min−1 and from 4.5 to 8.0 mL·kg−1·min−1, respectively. Correlations between measured and predicted O2max were between 0.27 and 0.53. Individual prediction errors indicated that prediction accuracy varied considerably within protocols and among participants. In conclusion, across various protocols the HRindex model significantly underestimated O2max in a group of aerobically fit young men. Estimates generated using the model did not differ from measured O2max for three of the five protocols studied; nevertheless, some individual prediction errors were large. The lack of precision among estimates may limit the utility of the HRindex model; however, further investigation to establish the model's predictive accuracy is warranted.
Discovering Structural Anomalies in Graph-Based Data

The ability to mine data represented as a graph has become important in several domains for detecting various structural patterns. One important area of data mining is anomaly detection, particularly for fraud, but less work has been done in terms of detecting anomalies in graph-based data. While there has been some work that has used statistical metrics and conditional entropy measurements, the results have been limited to certain types of anomalies and specific domains. In this paper we present graph- based approaches to uncovering anomalies in domains where the anomalies consist of unexpected entity/relationship deviations that resemble non- anomalous behavior. Using synthetic and real-world data, we evaluate the effectiveness of these algorithms at discovering anomalies in a graph-based representation of data.
The economic impact of technology on diagnostic imaging at a university medical center.

Diagnostic imaging procedures and charges were analyzed for the most recent 15 years (1973-1988) and projected for 5 years in the future (1993) by using recent trends in a large, university-based radiology institute. During the 20 years, procedure volume doubles, total charges increase by a factor of 10 without adjusting for inflation and by a factor of three after adjusting for inflation. The major reason for the increase in charges is a change in the mix of procedures with increasing emphasis on new technology (CT, MR, sonography, and nuclear radiology) and interventional procedures. New technology and interventional procedures will change from 5% of total procedures in 1973 to a projected 27% in 1993. These more complex and more costly procedures have resulted in a considerably higher share of the charges for radiology and are projected to be responsible for 73% of a $109 million total charge by 1993. The charges for traditional radiology procedures have risen at approximately the inflation rate. These...
A Game-Theoretical Approach to Anaphora

Let us return to our main question. How, then, do anaphoric pronouns operate? How can they operate, if the grammatical relation of a pronoun to its antecedent is not relied on? An interesting alternative is suggested by our treatment of anaphoric the-phrases expounded in the second part of this book (cf., Hintikka and Kulas 1982, 1983, forthcoming; Kulas 1982). Instead of relying on the grammatical relation between an anaphoric the-phrase and its antecedent, that treatment relies on a contextually given set of entities, called /. Its members are not grammatical objects, but entities of the kind one’s language speaks of. This set is not determined by the definite-article phrase alone, nor is it determined in conjunction with the sentence S in question. It is not constant for all the the-phrases occurring in one and the same S. It consists essentially of those individuals (of the appropriate category) that have been picked out in the semantical game G(S) associated with S (or otherwise available to the players) at the time a rule is applied to the the-phrase in question in the game.
Should All Smokers Use Combination Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy? Using Novel Analytic Methods to Detect Differential Treatment Effects Over 8 Weeks of Pharmacotherapy

Introduction: Combination pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation has been shown to be more effective than monotherapy in meta-analyses. We address the question of whether combination pharmacotherapy should be used routinely with smokers or if some types of smokers show little or no benefit from combination pharmacotherapy versus monotherapy.
An examination into technological timing efforts: the performance of firms in the personal computer industry

This study investigates how firms navigate technological changes over time. Specifically, we determine whether firms follow a consistent strategy in regards to when they time their entry into technological waves. Resulting performance implications of these actions are also measured. The theoretical underpinnings of this study lie at the intersection of the technology literature, the learning school, firm evolutionary theory, and the resource-based view of the firm. Past studies have added clarity as to how firms behave within a single technological wave; however, investigations regarding firm actions over successive waves are needed if we are to truly understand which firm actions lead to long-term success. This study fills the research gap by investigating firm timing patterns over multiple successive waves of technology and the resulting long-term performance implications of these actions. Further, this study examines timing efforts over both competence enhancing (incremental) and competence destroying (architectural) cycles. The findings indicate that while technological follower firms are able to consistently repeat their timing strategy, technological leaders have a much more difficult time in repeating early entry timing. Repeated leadership entry was found to be difficult in both incremental and architectural cycles. Characteristics of those leaders able to repeat leadership entry are provided. While consistent entry timing was not found to impact market share, it was found to benefit firms by reducing their hazard rate. This hazard rate reduction for timing entry consistency, whether it is as a leader or as a follower, was observed during both incremental and architectural technological changes.
Distributed multi-modal sensor system for searching a foliage-covered region

We designed and constructed a system that includes aircraft, ground vehicles, and throwable sensors to search a semi-forested region that was partially covered by foliage. The system contained 4 radio-controlled (RC) trucks, 2 aircraft, and 30 SensorMotes (throwable sensors). We also investigated communications links, search strategies, and system architecture. Our system is designed to be low-cost, contain a variety of sensors, and distributed so that the system is robust even if individual components are lost.
Left Ventricle Diastolic Dysfunction and Prognosis

To provide for tissue perfusion without pulmonary congestion, the left ventricle (LV) must eject an adequate stroke volume at arterial pressure (systolic function) and fill without requiring an abnormally increased left atrial pressure (diastolic function). Systolic and diastolic function must be adequate to meet the needs of the body both at rest and during stress (reserve capacity). Article see p 782 Normal LV diastolic function requires integration of left ventricular ejection, relaxation, and structure and is an active energy-requiring process.1 For example, LV diastolic function becomes markedly abnormal immediately following coronary ligation, before detectable changes in other measures of cardiac function, including wall motion or electrocardiographic S-T segment shifts.2 LV diastolic function is impaired by all of the common pathological processes that affect LV function or produce LV hypertrophy or fibrosis, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemia, myocarditis, toxins, and infiltrative cardiomyopathies. Thus, LV diastolic performance is a sensitive indicator of cardiovascular dysfunction. Systolic function is conveniently (although not always accurately) measured as the ejection fraction. Diastolic function has been more difficult to evaluate.1,3 Traditionally, invasive measures of LV diastolic pressure–volume relations and the rate of LV pressure fall during isovolumetric relaxation have been used. However, these methods are not practical for routine clinical use and do not adequately evaluate all aspects of diastolic filling.3 Approximately 3 decades ago, pulsed spectral Doppler was first used to quantitatively assess the velocity of blood flow from the left atrium into the LV. Since then, there have been many advances in the noninvasive assessment of LV diastolic function by echo-Doppler. One of the most important of these advances was the development of tissue Doppler imaging, which was accomplished by adjusting the Doppler filter settings to focus on the low-velocity, high-amplitude signals produced by tissue motion. Ironically, these had …
A Dictyostelium Homologue of WASP Is Required for Polarized F-Actin Assembly during Chemotaxis

The actin cytoskeleton controls the overall structure of cells and is highly polarized in chemotaxing cells, with F-actin assembled predominantly in the anterior leading edge and to a lesser degree in the cell’s posterior. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) has emerged as a central player in controlling actin polymerization. We have investigated WASP function and its regulation in chemotaxing Dictyostelium cells and demonstrated the specific and essential role of WASP in organizing polarized F-actin assembly in chemotaxing cells. Cells expressing very low levels of WASP show reduced F-actin levels and significant defects in polarized F-actin assembly, resulting in an inability to establish axial polarity during chemotaxis. GFP-WASP preferentially localizes at the leading edge and uropod of chemotaxing cells and the B domain of WASP is required for the localization of WASP. We demonstrated that the B domain binds to PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 with similar affinities. The interaction between the B domain and PI(3,4,5)P3 plays an important role for the localization of WASP to the leading edge in chemotaxing cells. Our results suggest that the spatial and temporal control of WASP localization and activation is essential for the regulation of directional motility.
A case of anal intra-epidermal carcinoma of Bowen's type.

Summary A case of Bowen's disease of the anus treated successfully by local excision is described and a short account of the pathology given.
Lymphocyte cytotoxicity in the X-irradiation induced rat small bowel adenocarcinoma. II. Presence of cytotoxic lymphocytes in irradiated animals.

Cytotoxic peripheral blood lymphoid cells were demonstrated in both Holtzman and Lewis Brown-Norway rats which had received 2000R of local X-irradiation to the temporarily hypoxic, exteriorized, ileum and jejunum regardless of whether a small bowel adenocarcin-oma subsequently developed. The cytotoxic response, which was detectable at two days, was quite evident by day 5 post-irradiation. No evidence of cross-reacting tumor antigens was obtained when similarly processed effector cells from Holtzman rats bearing a spontaneous mammary carcinoma were incubated with cell cultures derived from the small bowel adenocarcinoma. These findings indicate X-irradiation of the small bowel initiates lymphocyte sensitization that is manifested as in vitro cytotoxicity against cell cultures of the adenocarcinoma.
An LMI-Based Hedging Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control With Actuator Dynamics

Although model reference adaptive control has been used in numerous applications to achieve system performance without excessive reliance on dynamical system models, the presence of actuator dynamics can seriously limit the stability and the achievable performance of adaptive controllers. In this paper, an linear matrix inequalities-based hedging approach is developed and evaluated for model reference adaptive control of uncertain dynamical systems in the presence of actuator dynamics. The hedging method modifies the ideal reference model dynamics in order to allow correct adaptation that does not get affected due to the presence of actuator dynamics. Specifically, we first generalize the hedging approach to cover cases in which actuator output and is known and unknown. We next show the stability of the closed-loop dynamical system using tools from Lyapunov stability and linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an illustrative numerical example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed linear matrix-inequalities-based hedging approach to model reference adaptive control.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Industrial Controls and Personal Relations

This, then, is what is meant by referring to the relationship as a social system. Currently there is evidence of some distrust of the concept. Foote states that "society is not a system but a congeries of impermanent groupings.... "17 Ellsworth, in seeking a suitable concept for analysis of an industrial plant, chose institution, as used by Malinowski, in preference to social system."8 Whyte says that he looks upon a company and the union with which it deals in a given plant as two (italics mine) interrelated and interdependent social systems.'9 Is social system a useful way of thinking about the worker-management relationship? The test is necessarily a pragmatic one. Does it fit the facts? Does it facilitate understanding of structure and functioning of the relationship? Since the Western Electric research, no industrial studies have been reported which subject the concept to rigorous testing. However, the concept is being employed in research now in progress. The answers to the questions raised and the future unity of the concept may be determined by these studies. A question may be raised about the value of studies of worker-manager relations which do not bring unions into the picture. The fact is that we are just now getting studies of unions which, if extended and repeated, will permit generalization about their roles in labor relations. The industrial union and the legal system under which unions function have developed largely within the past twenty years. These years have included two major wars and changing emergency regulation of labor relations. The studies which are now being made may permit us, in a few years, to define the roles of the union. We may find that existing theory is adequate for interpretation and further research or that the situation calls for extension of theory. Review of the development of industrial sociology to date supports the modest expectation that theory will be of value in understanding the relation of the union to the industrial scene. 17 N. N. Foote, "The Professionalization of Labor in Detroit," The American Journal of Sociology, LVIII (January 1953), 380. 18 J. S. Ellsworth, Jr., Factory Folkways (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1952). 19 J. T. Dunlop and W. F. Whyte, "Framework for the Analysis of Industrial Relations: Two Views," loc. cit., p. 393.
Middlebrow Studies and Its Discontents

A review of Beth Driscoll, The New Literary Middlebrow: Tastemakers and Reading in the Twenty-First Century ( Palgrave Macmillan, 2015).
Managing undergraduate staff: panel discussion

Undergraduate students can be an inexpensive and effective means of augmenting instruction in lower-level computer science courses, serving as tutors and as graders. However, successfully managing undergraduate students in these roles can be tricky. Among other issues, many different strategies are possible for proper training and managing performance. In this session, panelists and other participants will discuss their experiences in managing undergraduate staff, and assess the advantages and disadvantages of different strategies.
A Distributed and Adaptive Graph Simulation System

Large-scale graph processing is becoming central to our modern life. For instance, graph pattern matching (GPM) can be utilized to search and analyze social graphs, biological data and road networks, to mention a few. Conceptually, a GPM algorithm is typically defined in terms of subgraph isomorphism, whereby it seeks to find subgraphs in an input data graph, G, which are similar to a given query graph, Q. Although subgraph isomorphism forms a uniquely important class of graph queries, it is NP-complete and very restrictive in capturing sensible matches for emerging applications like software plagiarism detection, protein interaction networks, and intelligence analysis, among others. Consequently, GPM has been recently relaxed and defined in terms of graph simulation. As opposed to subgraph isomorphism, graph simulation can run in quadratic time, return more intuitive matches, and scale well with modern big graphs (i.e., graphs with billions of vertices and edges). Nonetheless, the current state-of-the-art distributed graph simulation systems still rely on graph partitioning (which is also NP-complete), induce significant communication overhead between worker machines to resolve local matches, and fail to adapt to various complexities of query graphs. In this work, we observe that big graphs are not big data. That is, the largest big graph that we know of can still fit on a single physical or virtual disk (e.g., 6TB physical disks are cheaply available nowadays and AWS EC2 instances can offer up to 24 × 2048GB virtual disks). However, since graph simulation requires exploring the entire input big graph, G, and naturally lacks data locality, existing memory capacities can get significantly dwarfed by G's size. As such, we propose GraphSim, a novel distributed and adaptive system for efficient and scalable graph simulation. GraphSim precludes graph partitioning altogether, yet still exploits parallel processing across cluster machines. In particular, GraphSim stores G at each machine but only matches an interval of G's vertices at the machine. All machines are run in parallel and each machine simulates its interval locally. Nevertheless, if necessary, a machine can inspect remaining dependent vertices in G to fully resolve its local matches without communicating with any other machine. Hence, GraphSim does not shuffle intermediate data whatsoever. In addition, it attempts not to overwhelm the memory of any machine via employing a mathematical model to predict the best number of machines for any given query graph, Q, based on Q's complexity, G's size and the memory capacity of each machine. Subsequently, GraphSim renders adaptive as well. We experimentally verified the efficiency and the scalability of GraphSim over private and public clouds using real-life and synthetic big graphs. Results show that GraphSim can outperform the current fastest distributed graph simulation system by several orders of magnitude.
Mastery grading of engineering homework assignments

In engineering courses, homework assignments are often intended to be formative assessments where students develop and refine their understanding of the subject material. In reality, however, homework assignments are often evaluated in a way that more closely matches a summative assessment, where the students have little incentive to reflect upon and refine their work. In this paper I discuss a mastery grading system designed to shift the focus of homework assignments from numerical grades to a focus on written feedback and reflection on that feedback. The paper presents the theoretical basis behind the methodology, outlines the mastery grading methodology itself, discusses the results of prior research with the mastery grading system, and presents new results from a two year study examining its effect on student learning, instructor time commitments required for implementation, and student opinions of the method.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN DISAIN BUSANA BERBASIS DISCOVERY LEARNING DAN PENINGKATAN KREATIVITAS MAHASISWA

Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian pengembangan, bertujuan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran Disain Busana berbasis Discovery Learning (DL) yang valid, praktis, dan efektif berorientasikan peningkatan kreativitas mahasiswa dalam mendesain busana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development). Penelitian ini mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran yang meliputi rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran, modul dan job sheet dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan, Semmel dan Semmel yang telah dimodifikasi sehingga hanya memuat tahap Define, Design dan Develop. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari lembar validasi, lembar penilaian dosen, lembar penilaian mahasiswa, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, tes hasil belajar dan tes keterampilan dalam mendesain. Seluruh instrumen telah divalidasi dan dinilai layak untuk digunakan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran dengan model Discovery learning yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Hasil validasi menunjukkan perangkat yang dikembangkan layak digunakan (kategori valid). Hasil uji lapangan menunjukkan bahwa perangkat yang dikembangkan praktis, dan secara umum dapat dikatakan efektif jika ditinjau peningkatan kreativitas mahasiswa dalam mendisain busana. Secara keseluruhan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan adalah layak untuk digunakan. Kata kunci: Pengembangan, perangkat pembelajaran, discovery learning, kreativitas.
Climate in Barcelona Is Wonderful

The Mathematics and Climate Research Network (MCRN) was invited to run an informal Climate Modeling Workshop as part of the Intensive Research Programme on Advances on Nonsmooth Dynamics hosted by the Centre de Recerca Matematica (CRM). The workshop was attended by a core group of about 10 participants with a nice mix of junior and senior researchers. A summary of the proceedings of the workshop is presented here.
O-035 Risk factors for delayed deterioration after cerebral venous thrombosis: a model to identify patients for early aggressive endovascular therapy

Background Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), including thrombosis of cerebral veins and dural sinuses is an unusual form of stroke. Anticoagulation remains the mainstay of treatment, with generally good results. A subset of patients however, may clinically or radiographically deteriorate despite anticoagulation, and in such cases, endovascular thrombolysis or thrombectomy is recommended. Early thrombectomy is technically more straightforward and so earlier identification of this high-risk group could potentially improve clinical outcomes in these patients. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on subjects with CVT from 01/2005 to 10/2016. Admission laboratory data including Complete Blood Count, Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, Liver Function Tests, and hypercoagulable labs were collected. Presenting symptoms, other potential risk factors, and location of thrombus were reviewed. The primary outcome was clinical deterioration, defined as symptomatic worsening due to CVT at follow up visits, death, repeat emergency room visits after discharge for CVT related complaints, or need for endovascular intervention. Bivariate analysis, multiple logistic regression modeling, and linear discriminant analysis were used to determine a predictive model for deterioration. Results We identified 147 subjects with CVT. Headache was the most common symptomatology (66.67%), followed by nausea or vomiting (39.46%), focal weakness (33%), seizure (14.29%), and papilledema (10.88%). 15 (n=105, 74.47%) patients presented with a normal Glasgow coma scale (GCS). Hemorrhage on initial CT head was found in 54 patients (36.73%). The majority of patients were treated with anticoagulation (n=109, 75.69%). Out of 147 patients, 38 (25.85%) were found to have deterioration, 12 (8.33%) of whom underwent endovascular intervention. Risk factors on the bivariate analysis included decreased level of consciousness (Odds Ratio=5.76; 95% confidence interval, 2.59 to 12.77), papilledema (OR=4.522; 95% CI 1.55 to 13.18), seizure activity (OR=3.181; 95% CI 1.22 to 8.25), and bilateral tranverse sinus thrombosis (OR=3.448; 95% CI 1.25 to 9.48), (Figure 1). The final model included CVT location score (number of sinuses involved), oral contraceptive pills use, sodium level, platelet count, seizure activity on presentation, papilledema, and decreased level of consciousness on presentation. This model had 83.2 predictive ability to identify deterioration, sensitivity of 71.4 and specificity of 76.2 Conclusion We found that decreased mental status, seizure activity, papilledema, number of involved sinuses, sodium level, and platelet level to be the most important factors in predicting deterioration after CVT. This group may represent a subset of patients in who early thrombectomy may be considered. Further prospective trials are needed to confirm this hypothesis. Disclosures S. Bushnaq: None. T. Thacker: None. M. Abbas: None. F. Qeadan: None. A. Carlson: None.
Call to Action: Family Therapy and Rural Mental Health

Rural communities experience considerable disparities in mental health. Research about this topic is limited, however, especially in the family therapy field. What is known comes primarily from work in other disciplines, which points to three primary barriers that prevent rural communities from accessing high quality mental health care: availability, accessibility, and acceptability of services. A search for papers published over the past 20 years in family journals yielded only 18 articles. A review of these articles in presented here, alongside a call for family clinicians and researchers to advance further contributions. Specific directions for such research are discussed, including telehealth technology, collaboration with existing structures and institutions in rural communities, and the need for more precise definitions and measures of rurality. Family clinicians and researchers are uniquely positioned to conceptualize systemic challenges that rural communities face, and would be advised to join other disciplines in developing innovative methods to address them.
Automating data analysis for two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry non-targeted analysis of comparative samples.

Abstract Non-targeted analysis of environmental samples, using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/ToF-MS), poses significant data analysis challenges due to the large number of possible analytes. Non-targeted data analysis of complex mixtures is prone to human bias and is laborious, particularly for comparative environmental samples such as contaminated soil pre- and post-bioremediation. To address this research bottleneck, we developed OCTpy, a Python™ script that acts as a data reduction filter to automate GC × GC/ToF-MS data analysis from LECO® ChromaTOF® software and facilitates selection of analytes of interest based on peak area comparison between comparative samples. We used data from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated soil, pre- and post‐bioremediation, to assess the effectiveness of OCTpy in facilitating the selection of analytes that have formed or degraded following treatment. Using datasets from the soil extracts pre- and post‐bioremediation, OCTpy selected, on average, 18% of the initial suggested analytes generated by the LECO® ChromaTOF® software Statistical Compare feature. Based on this list, 63–100% of the candidate analytes identified by a highly trained individual were also selected by OCTpy. This process was accomplished in several minutes per sample, whereas manual data analysis took several hours per sample. OCTpy automates the analysis of complex mixtures of comparative samples, reduces the potential for human error during heavy data handling and decreases data analysis time by at least tenfold.
Big Data Toolsets to Pharmacometrics: Application of Machine Learning for Time‐to‐Event Analysis

Additional value can be potentially created by applying big data tools to address pharmacometric problems. The performances of machine learning (ML) methods and the Cox regression model were evaluated based on simulated time-to-event data synthesized under various preset scenarios, i.e., with linear vs. nonlinear and dependent vs. independent predictors in the proportional hazard function, or with high-dimensional data featured by a large number of predictor variables. Our results showed that ML-based methods outperformed the Cox model in prediction performance as assessed by concordance index and in identifying the preset influential variables for high-dimensional data. The prediction performances of ML-based methods are also less sensitive to data size and censoring rates than the Cox regression model. In conclusion, ML-based methods provide a powerful tool for time-to-event analysis, with a built-in capacity for high-dimensional data and better performance when the predictor variables assume nonlinear relationships in the hazard function.
Parametric modeling of NIR and SWIR reflectance spectra for dye mixtures in fabrics using reference spectra

This study describes a parametric model of diffuse reflectance for the purpose of simulating the spectral response of near-infrared (NIR, 0.7-0.9 μm) and shortwave infrared (SWIR, 0.9-1.7 μm) absorbing dyes for tailoring the NIR-SWIR reflectance of fabrics. This model combines diffuse-reflectance theory with reference spectra for simulating absorption in fabric of NIR/SWIR absorbing dyes whose absorption spectra span the NIR/SWIR spectral range. Fabric samples consisting of a cotton blend were used as the test substrate for NIR/SWIR dye application. The results of this study demonstrate application of the parametric model for simulating NIR/SWIR spectral responses corresponding to variable dye and dye blend concentrations in fabrics.
A Network of Repressions

The central roles of John Singer Sargent and Jane and Wilfrid von Glehn—and their Chelsea salons—in consolidating a network of queer filiation around Henry James.
Inhibition of murine osteosarcoma lung metastases using the CXCR4 antagonist, CTCE-9908.

256 Background The chemokine SDF-1 and its receptor, CXCR4, are involved in the regulation of metastases in many human tumors. Expression of CXCR4 in human osteosarcomas correlates with poor prognosis. SDF-1 is expressed at high levels in lung, bone marrow and liver, all of which are organs to which osteosarcoma can metastasize. These findings suggest that therapy that is aimed at disruption of this specific ligand/receptor complex may lead to a decrease in metastases. We utilized CTCE-9908, a SDF-1 analog and CXCR4 antagonist to determine whether inhibition of CXCR4 leads to a decrease in lung metastases in a murine model of osteosarcoma metastasis. Methods K7M2 murine osteosarcoma cells were pre-treated with CTCE-9908, or with T22, a different CXCR4 antagonist that has been shown to decrease lung metastases in a murine melanoma model. Control cells were treated with PBS. Following pre-treatment, 1x^6 cells were injected by tail vein into female Balb/C mice. Mice were then treated with CTCE-9908 subcutaneously, T22 intraperitoneally, or PBS, once daily x5, for 4 weeks. All animals were sacrificed on day 26 and the number of surface lung metastases counted. Results For the control mice, the average number of surface lung metastases was 9.9 (SD 7.3). Mice treated with CTCE-9908 had an average number of 3.4 nodules (SD 5.0, p-value 0.03). Interestingly, mice treated with T22 did not have a decrease in the number of nodules as compared to the control mice, 13.9 (SD 7.3, p-value 0.24). Conclusions Mice treated with the CXCR4 inhibitor, CTCE-9908, had a 67% decrease in the number of visible metastatic lung nodules. A phase I study of this compound in healthy adults did not reveal any significant toxicities. These results suggest that clinical studies of CTCE-9908 in human osteosarcomas may be warranted.
On Personal and Political Ghost Stories

Is it becoming a ghost story, this vision of education as nurture of selves in the interest of the public good—education as the playing out of our unknowable obligations to others? The ideologies of the individualism that serve capitalism— meritocracy, competition, both knowledge and technology in commoditized form, and the distorted notion of accountability shaped by these—increasingly shape our students’ understandings of themselves as disconnected from politics and, increasingly, as a set of measurable and technical competencies to be rewarded by consumption.
Generation of Phosphonium Sites on Sulfated Zirconium Oxide: Relationship to Brønsted Acid Strength of Surface -OH Sites.

The reaction of (tBu)2ArP (1a–h), where the para position of the Ar group contains electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups, with sulfated zirconium oxide partially dehydroxylated at 300 °C...
Hepatitis C Virus NAT-Positive Solid Organ Allografts Transplanted Into Hepatitis C Virus–Negative Recipients: A Real-World Experience

Background and aims Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-viremic organs are underutilized, and there is limited real-world experience on the transplantation of HCV-viremic solid organs into recipients who are HCV negative. Approach and results Patients listed or being evaluated for solid organ transplant after January 26, 2018, were educated and consented by protocol on the transplantation of HCV-viremic organs. All recipients were HCV nucleic acid test and anti-HCV antibody negative at the time of transplant and received an HCV-viremic organ. The primary outcome was sustained virological response (SVR) at 12 weeks after completion of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy (SVR12 ). Seventy-seven patients who were HCV negative underwent solid organ transplantation from a donor who was HCV viremic. No patients had evidence of advanced hepatic fibrosis. Treatment regimen and duration were at the discretion of the hepatologist. Sixty-four patients underwent kidney transplant (KT), and 58 KT recipients had either started or completed DAA therapy. Forty-one achieved SVR12 , 10 had undetectable viral loads but are not eligible for SVR12 , and 7 remain on treatment. One KT recipient was a nonresponder because of nonstructural protein 5A resistance. Four patients underwent liver transplant and 2 underwent liver-kidney transplant. Three patients achieved SVR12 , 1 has completed DAA therapy, and 2 remain on treatment. Six patients underwent heart transplant and 1 underwent heart-kidney transplant. Six patients achieved SVR12 and 1 patient remains on treatment. Conclusions Limited data exist on the transplantation of HCV-viremic organs into recipients who are HCV negative. Our study is the largest to describe a real-world experience of the transplantation of HCV-viremic organs into recipients who are aviremic. In carefully selected patients, the use of HCV-viremic grafts in the DAA era appears to be efficacious and well tolerated.
A Comparison of Zooplankton Diel Vertical Distribution during Transparent and Turbid Conditions in a Natural Southern Appalachian Montane Lake

According to the transparency-regulator hypothesis (TRH), water transparency is the main driver of zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) because it influences ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure and visual predation, which vary greatly over a diel period. I tested the TRH by examining zooplankton DVM and Secchi depth over 2 summers in Mountain Lake, VA, a unique natural lake where transparency and water level fluctuate substantially. Daytime mean depth and Secchi depth were positively correlated for Daphnia parvula, but this was not the case for other taxa. Zooplankton exhibited diurnal deficits (DDs; higher night densities compared to day), indicating that DVM does not account for all diel movement. DDs are sometimes attributed to light-mediated sampler avoidance or diel horizontal migration (DHM), but DDs did not increase with Secchi depth and DDs in littoral zones do not indicate DHM. Overall, these results suggest that factors other than transparency—perhaps predator densities—more strongly influence DVM in Mountain Lake.
High-mobility group box-1 increases epithelial sodium channel activity and inflammation via the receptor for advanced glycation end products.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease persists and remains life-limiting for many patients. Elevated high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1) levels and epithelial sodium channel hyperactivity (ENaC)...
Caring for Foster Youth in Christian Higher Education: Called from among the Reeds.

Using the riverside account surrounding the events of Moses’ birth in Exodus 2:1–10 as a structural guide, the article explores whether Christian higher education institutions ought to adopt admini...
Persistent Barriers to the Use of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Schizophrenia.

Purpose/background One of the major challenges in the treatment of schizophrenia is nonadherence, defined as the failure to take medications as prescribed. Nonadherence is a strong predictor of symptom relapse, hospital readmission, and poorer long-term outcome. Although long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) have been found to be superior to their oral analogs at reducing relapse in large-scale meta-analyses, their prevalence seldom exceeds 30% even in populations with a history of nonadherence. We review multiple barriers to the use of LAI utilization and suggest strategies to address them. Methods/procedures We searched for the following terms: long-acting injectable/depot antipsychotics, schizophrenia, barriers, and attitude/perception in both the PubMed search index and Google scholar from 1995 to 2018. A total of 329 studies were selected, of which data from 13 were reviewed for this article. Only peer-reviewed studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that describe barriers to using LAIs were included. Findings/results Several barriers to using LAIs were identified. These are organized into 3 overarching categories: those related to the clinician; those related to the patient; and systems barriers. Clinician factors include the perception of LAIs as coercive, fears of not being able to control the dose, as well as current practice patterns and guidelines. Patient factors include perception of the injection as painful or intrusive, general lack of knowledge, and a sense of coerciveness. For each identified barrier, we propose potential solutions. Implications/conclusions We identified multiple barriers to using LAIs in patients with schizophrenia. Specific strategies are suggested for overcoming each of these barriers.