cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A car manufacturing enterprise occupation disease harm status evaluation

Objective To evaluate an auto processing enterprise present situation of occupation disease harm.Methods The occupation disease harm factor examination,occupation health survey and inspection table analysis method for the comprehensive evaluation on the present situation of occupation disease harm workplace.Results Iron oxide dust,dust,nitrogen oxides,ammonia,propane,non methane total hydrocarbon,sulfate,hand transmitted vibration,noise,power frequency electromagnetic field,high temperature and thermal radiation from the major occupation disease harm factors in the manufacturing process,which results in the workplace noise qualified rate was 86 %,the qualified rate of other items all up to 100 %.Conclusions The detection results are consistent with the workplace harmful factors occupation contact limiting value specified in the occupation contact limiting value,occupation disease harm the enterprise to take prevention and control measures is reasonable and effective,occupation health management in accordance with the relevant requirements.
Procedures for solving bottleneck generalized assignment problems

We discuss bottleneck (or minimax) versions of the generalized assignment problem. The basic problem involves the assignment of a number of jobs to a number of agents such that each job is performed by a unique agent, and capacity limitations on the agents are not exceeded. Two versions of the bottleneck generalized problem (BGAP) are defined. The first of these is called the Task BGAP and has as its objective the minimization of the maximum of the costs of the assignments that are made. The second version is referred to as the Agent BGAP and has as its objective the minimization of the maximum of the total costs assigned to each agent.
Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccination among women of childbearing age—United States, 2013

The incidence of pertussis in the United States has increased since the 1990s. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination of pregnant women provides passive protection to infants. Tdap vaccination is currently recommended for pregnant women during each pregnancy, but coverage among pregnant women and women of childbearing age has been suboptimal. Data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were used to determine national and state-specific Tdap vaccination coverage among women of childbearing age by self-reported pregnancy status at the time of the survey. Although this study could not assess coverage of Tdap vaccination received during pregnancy because questions on whether Tdap vaccination was received during pregnancy were not asked in BRFSS and NHIS, demographic and access-to-care factors associated with Tdap vaccination coverage in this population were assessed. Tdap vaccination coverage among all women 18-44 years old was 38.4% based on the BRFSS and 23.3% based on the NHIS. Overall, coverage did not differ by pregnancy status at the time of the survey. Coverage among all women 18-44 years old varied widely by state. Age, race and ethnicity, education, number of children in the household, and access-to-care characteristics were independently associated with Tdap vaccination in both surveys. We identified associations of demographic and access-to-care characteristics with Tdap vaccination that can guide strategies to improve vaccination rates in women during pregnancy.
Recent Issues and Policies Concerning Quality Assurance

Throughout the Army there is increasing command emphasis on quality and reliability and the role that all scientists and engineers must play so that DARCOM fulfills its goal of providing “Quality Equipment and Support for an Excellent Army.” The purpose of this article is to explain the issues behind this increase in command emphasis and the policies recently promulgated which all DARCOM engineers and scientists must follow to achieve the DARCOM goal.
Politicized Immigrant Identity, Spanish-Language Media, and Political Mobilization in 2012

Social identity theorists have long studied identity as one of the prime determinants of behavior. However, political scientists have had a hard time identifying consistent patterns between ethnic identity and political participation, especially among immigrants. In this paper, we take a more complex approach and explore whether a sense of immigrant linked fate is salient in explaining political participation among immigrants and, further, what may have caused immigrant identity to become so politicized. Specifically, we look at the issue of immigration reform in 2011 and 2012, and the manner in which both positive and negative messages were a catalyst for a politicized immigrant identity, and the resulting mobilizing effects. Using the 2012 Latino Immigrant National Election Study data, we argue that exposure to Spanish-language news media and feelings of immigrant-linked fate created a politicized immigrant identity among Latino immigrants, which resulted in greater political participation and civic engagement. Rather than seeing immigrants as low-resourced and unengaged in American politics, our theory of politicized immigrant identity explains that Latino immigrants draw on their identity as immigrants and as Americans to participate in their new homeland.
Incorporation of gradient vector flow field in a multimodal graph-theoretic approach for segmenting the internal limiting membrane from glaucomatous optic nerve head-centered SD-OCT volumes

The internal limiting membrane (ILM) separates the retina and optic nerve head (ONH) from the vitreous. In the optical coherence tomography volumes of glaucoma patients, while current approaches for the segmentation of the ILM in the peripapillary and macular regions are considered robust, current approaches commonly produce ILM segmentation errors at the ONH due to the presence of blood vessels and/or characteristic glaucomatous deep cupping. Because a precise segmentation of the ILM surface at the ONH is required for computing several newer structural measurements including Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) and cup volume, in this study, we propose a multimodal multiresolution graph-based method to precisely segment the ILM surface within ONH-centered spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) volumes. In particular, the gradient vector flow (GVF) field, which is computed from a multiresolution initial segmentation, is employed for calculating a set of non-overlapping GVF-based columns perpendicular to the initial segmentation. The GVF columns are utilized to resample the volume and also serve as the columns to the graph construction. The ILM surface in the resampled volume is fairly smooth and does not contain the steep slopes. This prior shape knowledge along with the blood vessel information, obtained from registered fundus photographs, are incorporated in a graph-theoretic approach in order to identify the location of the ILM surface. The proposed method is tested on the SD-OCT volumes of 44 subjects with various stages of glaucoma and significantly smaller segmentation errors were obtained than that of current approaches.
Using GRACE to constrain precipitation amount over cold mountainous basins

Despite the importance for hydrology and climate-change studies, current quantitative knowledge on the amount and distribution of precipitation in mountainous and high-elevation regions is limited due to instrumental and retrieval shortcomings. Here by focusing on two large endorheic basins in High Mountain Asia, we show that satellite gravimetry (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)) can be used to provide an independent estimate of monthly accumulated precipitation using mass balance equation. Results showed that the GRACE-based precipitation estimate has the highest agreement with most of the commonly used precipitation products in summer, but it deviates from them in cold months, when the other products are expected to have larger errors. It was found that most of the products capture about or less than 50% of the total precipitation estimated using GRACE in winter. Overall, Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) showed better agreement with GRACE estimate than other products. Yet on average GRACE showed ~30% more annual precipitation than GPCP in the study basins. In basins of appropriate size with an absence of dense ground measurements, as is a typical case in cold mountainous regions, we find GRACE can be a viable alternative to constrain monthly and seasonal precipitation estimates from other remotely sensed precipitation products that show large bias.
An Assessment of Vitreous Degeneration in Eyes with Vitreomacular Traction and Macular Holes.

Purpose. To compare the stages of vitreous degeneration in patients with vitreomacular traction (VMT) and macular holes (MH). Methods. A retrospective study was performed analyzing stages of vitreous degeneration of eyes with VMT or MH using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). An analogous review was performed on a control group of eyes with contralateral posterior vitreous detachments. Thirty-four eyes with VMT/MH and 39 control eyes were reviewed. Results. Twenty-seven VMT/MH eyes and 31 control eyes were included. Eyes with VMT/MH demonstrated significantly earlier stages of vitreous degeneration when compared to the control group ( ) despite significantly greater age ( ). Conclusions. Vitreoretinal interface disease is more often associated with a formed vitreous and an intact premacular bursa. This is contrary to previous assumptions implicating degeneration of vitreous as a precipitating factor of interface disease when in conjunction with abnormal vitreomacular separation.
Palmitoylation of the ciliary GTPase ARL13b is necessary for its stability and its role in cilia formation

Primary cilia are hairlike extensions of the plasma membrane of most mammalian cells that serve specialized signaling functions. To traffic properly to cilia, multiple cilia proteins rely on palmitoylation, the post-translational attachment of a saturated 16-carbon lipid. However, details regarding the mechanism of how palmitoylation affects cilia protein localization and function are unknown. Herein, we investigated the protein ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 13b (ARL13b) as a model palmitoylated ciliary protein. Using biochemical, cellular, and in vivo studies, we found that ARL13b palmitoylation occurs in vivo in mouse kidneys and that it is required for trafficking to and function within cilia. Myristoylation, a 14-carbon lipid, is shown to largely substitute for palmitoylation with regard to cilia localization of ARL13b, but not with regard to its function within cilia. The functional importance of palmitoylation results in part from a dramatic increase in ARL13b stability, which is not observed with myristoylation. Additional results show that blockade of depalmitoylation slows the degradation of ARL13b that occurs during cilia resorption, raising the possibility that the sensitivity of ARL13b stability to palmitoylation may be exploited by the cell to accelerate degradation of ARL13b by depalmitoylating it. Together, the results show that palmitoylation plays a unique and critical role in controlling the localization, stability, abundance, and thus function of ARL13b. Pharmacological manipulation of protein palmitoylation may be a strategy to alter cilia function.
Sparsity promoting LMS for adaptive feedback cancellation

In hearing aids (HAs), the acoustic coupling between the microphone and the receiver results in the system becoming unstable under certain conditions and causes artifacts commonly referred to as whistling or howling. The least mean square (LMS) class of algorithms is commonly used to mitigate this by providing adaptive feedback cancellation (AFC). The speech quality after AFC and the amount of added stable gain (ASG) with AFC are used to assess these algorithms. In this paper, we introduce a variant of the LMS that promotes sparsity in estimating the acoustic feedback path. By using the l p norm as a diversity measure, the approach does not enforce, but takes advantage of sparsity when it exists. The performance in terms of speech quality, misalignment, and ASG of the proposed algorithm is compared with other proportionate-type LMS algorithms which also leverage sparsity in the feedback path. We demonstrate faster convergence compared with those algorithms, quality improvement of about 0.25 (on a 0–1 objective scale of the hearing-aid speech quality index (HASQI)), and about 5 dB ASG improvement compared with the normalized LMS (NLMS).
Cord blood and adult endothelial stem/progenitor cells are X-ray sensitive

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006 573 A better understanding the role of the endothelial stem cells in normal tissue injury and tumor response after radiation and/or chemotherapy treatment will open up new strategies to further improve therapeutic gain. The ability to clearly identify and isolate these stem cell populations in vivo and to maintain these high proliferative potential cells in culture are critical for quantitative in vitro analysis. We have recently reported the identification and isolation of a novel hierarchy of endothelial progenitor cells isolated from human peripheral and umbilical cord blood, and vessel walls. We report here the first in vitro characterization of the radiation response of three endothelial progenitor stem cell isolates from cord blood (CBM4, CBF10, and CBM12) and two from adult peripheral blood (EPC060805 and LM2). All of these high proliferative potential cell lines were CD31, 141, 105, 146, and 144 positive and CD45 and 14 negative. The plating efficiencies (PEs) of the three endothelial stem cell lines were 0.34± 0.02, 0.20 ± 0.04, and 0.23 ± 0.06 respectively and were quite stable over the five to six weeks of culture. Population doubling times (Tp) were 18.3± 2.6, 14.6 ±2.5, and 11.7 ± 3.4 hours respectively. The PE's of the two adult isolates were significantly lower and the Tps were longer. However, all of cell isolates formed large visible colonies ten days after single cell plating. The radiation sensitivity of the three cell lines were investigated with 160 kVp X-rays. SF-2Gys for CBM4, CBF10, and CBM12 were 0.33 ± 0.03, 0.26 ± 0.07, 0.24 ± 0.02 and SF-2Gys for the adult EPC and LM2 were 0.22 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 13 respectively. Construction of delayed plating X-ray survival curves revealed exponential cell killing with little if any shoulder evident. D0s for the three cord blood and two adult isolates were the very similar (1.00 ± 0.1 Gy). These data suggest that these endothelial stem cells are quite radiosensitive. Fractionation studies (5 Gy versus 2.5 Gy +DT + 2.5 Gy) confirm modest split dose repair capacity. Conclusion: The data suggest that endothelial stem/progenitor cells are radiosensitive compared to many tumor cells of epithelial origin and may play an important role in radiation-induced tumor response and normal tissue injury.
The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program: Evidence for Harm.

Heart failure is the leading inpatient diagnosis associated with 30-day readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries accounting for $1.7 billion in annual costs. A portion of these readmissions may be preventable by improvements in care transition processes and early follow-up in the post-acute care
Workflow management : State of the art versus state of the products

It has been over ten years since the first workflow product was introduced. Despite the large number of workflow vendors and various research efforts all over the world, as well as the hype about the workflow market, workflow technology is still far from pervasive. This paper assesses the situation from a technical point of view, focusing on the development and enactment aspects of workflow processes. We discuss the current capabilities of workflow products, major issues that need to be addressed before workflow can be pervasive, as well as possible future trends and research that will help workflow succeed.
Drift flux modeling of transient high-viscosity-liquid and gas two-phase flow in horizontal pipes

Abstract The drift flux model was develop by using two mass conservation equation, a single mixture momentum equation, an algebraic slip relationship, and the new closure relationship for the drift velocity for the case of air and high-viscosity-oil in horizontal and near horizontal pipe. The Finite Volume Method (FVM) with staggered grid system was employed. The flux-splitting scheme was used for discretizing the flux term. The explicit Euler method with the consideration of Courant number. The model was solved using a hybrid shock capturing scheme often used for gas dynamics. Totally 31 transient cases were simulated and compared with the transient experimental result of air and high-viscosity oil data. It is the first time in this study to show that the drift flux model is capable of predicting the transient hydrodynamics of the air and high-viscosity oil cases. This model performed reasonably well with average relative error of 13.55% (Standard Deviation of 11.62%) with respect to experimental results.
Interspecific competition limits the realized niche of Fraxinus nigra along a waterlogging gradient

Gradient studies of wetland forests have inferred that competition from upland tree species confines waterlogging-tolerant tree species to hydric environments. Little is known, however, about compe...
GEOLOGIES OF ERASURE: SINKHOLES, SCIENCE, AND SETTLER COLONIALISM AT THE DEAD SEA

Scientists who study Dead Sea sinkholes come to know them in particular ways (as generalized hydrogeoloic phenomena, symptoms of a regional environmental crisis, or divine retribution) and at particular scales (from the distant orbit of Earth observation satellites, from digitally altered aerial photographs, and occasionally from the inside). Using ethnographic data gathered between 2012 and 2015 in the occupied Palestinian territories (oPt), Israel, and Jordan, I compare how groups and individuals study, think, and learn about Dead Sea sinkholes. The way hydrogeologic knowledge about these sinkholes is gathered and circulated helps define land around the Dead Sea as territory to be colonized. These scientific processes can nullify Palestinian claims to the Dead Sea, eliminate Palestinian people from Dead Sea landscapes, and marginalize Bedouin opposition to Jordanian government policies. I suggest that attention to “geologies of erasure” helps scholars to understand the scientific and political impacts of settler colonialisms on the collection of knowledge about changing natural environments in the Middle East and beyond.
Development and validation of a dynamic inpatient risk prediction model for clinically significant hypokalemia using electronic health record data.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a dynamic risk prediction model for inpatient hypokalemia and evaluate its predictive performance. Methods A retrospective cohort included all admissions aged 18 years and above from 2 large tertiary hospitals in Florida over a 22-month period. Hypokalemia was defined as a potassium value of less than 3 mmol/L, and subsequent initiation of potassium supplements. Twenty-five risk factors (RF) identified from literature were operationalized using discrete electronic health record (EHR) data elements. For each of the first 5 hospital days, we modeled the probability of developing hypokalemia at the subsequent hospital day using logistic regression. Predictive performance of our model was validated with 100 bootstrap datasets and evaluated by the C statistic and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Results A total of 4511 hypokalemia events occurred over 263 436 hospital days (1.71%). Validated C statistics of the prediction model ranged from 0.83 (Day 1 model) to 0.86 (Day 3), while p-values for the Hosmer-Lemeshow test spanned from 0.005 (Day 1) to 0.27 (Day 4 and 5). For the Day 3 prediction, 9.9% of patients with risk scores in the 90th percentile developed hypokalemia and accounted for 60.4% of all hypokalemia events. After controlling for baseline potassium values, strong predictors included diabetic ketoacidosis, increased mineralocorticoid activity, polyuria, use of kaliuretics, use of potassium supplements and watery stool. Conclusion This is the first risk prediction model for hypokalemia. Our model achieved excellent discrimination and adequate calibration ability. Once externally validated, this risk assessment tool could use real-time EHR information to identify individuals at the highest risk for hypokalemia and support proactive interventions by pharmacists.
Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation following balloon angioplasty of the rat carotid artery.

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation following arterial injury plays a critical role in a variety of vascular proliferative disorders, including atherosclerosis and restenosis after balloon angioplasty. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that localized arterial infection at the time of balloon angioplasty with an adenovirus (ADV-tk) encoding the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (HSV-tk), followed by systemic ganciclovir administration, can inhibit VSMC proliferation and neointima formation in a well-characterized model of arterial injury and restenosis. The left carotid arteries of 31 male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to balloon angioplasty and immediately infected with 2 × 109 pfu of either ADV-tk or a control adenovirus that does not encode a recombinant protein (ADV-ΔE1). Twenty-four hours after injury, animals from each experimental group were randomized to receive a course of systemic ganciclovir (ADV-tk/+GC, ADV-ΔE1/+GC) or saline (ADV-tk/-GC, ADV-ΔE1/-GC). VSMC DNA synthesis was measured by 5’-bromode-oxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation 2–4 days after balloon injury. The extent of restenosis, expressed as the neointima to media (I/M) area ratio was determined by digital planimetry 20 days after balloon injury in each of the four treatment groups. Immunohistochemistry using a mAb to von Willebrand factor (vWF) was used to determine the effects of ADV-tk infection and ganciclovir treatment on re-endothelialization of the carotid arteries 20 days following balloon angioplasty. Forty-one percent of the medial VSMCs in the ADV-tk/-GC arteries were labeled with BrdU 4 days after balloon injury. In contrast, ADV-tk infected animals that were treated with systemic ganciclovir (ADV-tk/+GC) displayed a 40% reduction in BrdU-staining medial VSMCs (p 0.05). In contrast, the ADV-tk/+GC animals (n = 6) displayed an I/M area ratio of 0.49 ±0.13 which was significantly lower than that seen in each of the three control groups (p < 0.02). None of the treated animals showed evidence of significant organ toxicity at autopsy. A regenerated endothelium was observed in the ADV-tk/ +GC animals 20 days after balloon injury. Localized arterial infection with ADV-tk at the time of balloon angioplasty followed by systemic ganciclovir therapy reduces VSMC proliferation and neointimal expansion in the rat carotid artery injury model. Moreover, combined treatment with ADV-tk and systemic ganciclovir does not result in systemic toxicity and appears to selectively eliminate proliferating VSMCs, while preserving the capacity of the injured arterial segments to re-endothelialize within 3 weeks of injury. Taken together, these results support the feasibility of using this gene therapy approach for the treatment of human vascular proliferative disorders.
Considerations for haploidentical versus unrelated donor transplants

Haploidentical transplantation is increasingly performed worldwide due to novel methods to control alloreactivity between the donor and recipient. This major advancement has increased donor availability to almost all patients in need. Outcomes with haploidenitcal donors have also improved and prompted many groups to compare outcomes between haploidentical and HLA-matched donor transplants. In this review, we provide a summary of available data on haploidentical transplants performed with post transplant cyclophosphamide-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and HLA-matched unrelated donor transplants.
Prediction of Body Temperature from Smart Pillow by Machine Learning

Regression of Supervised Learning can predict continuous numerical values from labeled training data. A smart pillow consists of three temperature sensors, that can provide qualified data for regression algorithms to learn body temperature (BT). If BT can be extracted from a nonintrusive and unwired smart pillow accurately, it will be a big progress in the area of health care since BT is one of the most significant vital signs. Data are fed to adapted regression algorithms, such as K-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Artificial Neural Network to predict BT, the results are compared to actual measured data, as well as the original Fuzzy Logic implementation. It proved that the application of Machine Learning algorithms can improve the accuracy of prediction for further analysis and development.
Dogs as Support and Motivation for Physical Activity

Physical activity behavior change theorists are actively shifting the field to better align with the science of motivation and decision making. With this shift has come increasing interest in the role of affective judgments, habit, and identity in long-term physical activity maintenance, as well as the importance of framing physical activity in ways that protect autonomy and support personal values. This special communication makes the case for dog walking as a physical activity modality that fits well with the field's new focus. The authors provide an overview of dog walking research performed to date and discuss unanswered research questions. Given the large percentage of U.S. households that own a dog and the mainstream animal welfare movement to rehome adoptable shelter pets, there are innumerable opportunities to leverage the human-dog bond to increase physical activity levels.Dog walking interventions may be a highly practical approach to population-level physical activity promotion.
High Opportunity Cost Demand as an Indicator of Weekday Drinking and Distinctly Severe Alcohol Problems: A Behavioral Economic Analysis.

INTRODUCTION Behavioral economic theory views addiction as a reinforcer pathology characterized by excessive demand for drugs relative to alternatives. Complementary to this theory, Lamb and Ginsburg (Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 164, 2018, 62) describe addiction as a behavioral allocation disorder and predict that decisions to drink under increasingly stringent constraints are a central indicator of addiction. This study used a modified demand-curve paradigm to examine alcohol demand in the context of a next-day contingency (high opportunity cost demand) as a specific indicator of a severe pattern of alcohol problems. METHODS Participants were 370 undergraduates (61.1% female, 86.5% white, Mage = 18.8) reporting multiple past-month heavy drinking episodes (5/4 drinks per occasion for men/women) who completed 2 versions of an alcohol purchase task (APT), along with measures of past-month alcohol use and problems. In 1 APT (low opportunity cost), students imagined they had no next-day responsibilities, and in the other APT (high opportunity cost), they imagined having a 10:00 am test the next day. Item-response theory analyses were used to determine mild and severe alcohol problems from the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67, 2006, 169), and the most and least severe binge drinking days throughout the week. RESULTS Low opportunity cost demand (β = 0.15, p = 0.02) significantly predicted beyond high opportunity cost demand for the least severe problems, and high opportunity cost demand (β = 0.17, p = 0.009) significantly predicted beyond low opportunity cost demand for the most severe problems. Similarly, low opportunity cost demand (β = 0.26, p < 0.001) was more highly associated with weekend drinking, whereas high opportunity cost demand (β = 0.21, p = 0.001) was more highly associated with weekday drinking. CONCLUSIONS The current results suggest high opportunity cost alcohol demand is a distinct marker of severe alcohol problems among college student heavy drinkers.
Lamb Wave Contact Scanning Tomography

Lamb waves are guided ultrasonic waves capable of propagating relatively long distances in thin plates and thin laminated structures, such as airframe skins, storage tanks and pressure vessels. Their propagation properties in these media depend on the vibrational frequency as well as on the thickness and or material properties of the structure. Structural flaws such as disbonds, corrosion and fatigue cracks represent changes in effective thickness and material properties, and therefore measurement of variations in Lamb wave propagation can be employed to assess the integrity of these structures. Lamb wave measurements can be made for a number of relative transducer positions (projections) and an image of the flawed region can be reconstructed tomographically. This paper presents a new technique in which two contact piezoelectric transducers are independently scanned along parallel lines in a fashion analogous to that commonly used in seismic crosshole tomography. These results are compared to those for parallel projection Lamb wave tomography data collected with an automated contact scanning apparatus. The advantages and drawbacks of these two methods in the development of automated tomographic Lamb wave scanners for quantitative mapping of thickness variation in plate-like materials are discussed.
FABP5 coordinates lipid signaling that promotes prostate cancer metastasis

Prostate cancer (PCa) is defined by dysregulated lipid signaling and is characterized by upregulation of lipid metabolism-related genes including fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). FASN and MAGL are enzymes that generate cellular fatty acid pools while FABP5 is an intracellular chaperone that delivers fatty acids to nuclear receptors to enhance PCa metastasis. Since FABP5, FASN, and MAGL have been independently implicated in PCa progression, we hypothesized that FABP5 represents a central mechanism linking cytosolic lipid metabolism to pro-metastatic nuclear receptor signaling. Here, we show that the abilities of FASN and MAGL to promote nuclear receptor activation and PCa metastasis are critically dependent upon co-expression of FABP5 in vitro and in vivo. Our findings position FABP5 as a key driver of lipid-mediated metastasis and suggest that disruption of lipid signaling via FABP5 inhibition may constitute a new avenue to treat metastatic PCa.
A Modular Algorithm for Pre-Simulation Design of Automatic Guided Vehicle Systems

The AGVS design problem is extremely complex. The interrelationships among the many design variables make the development of a single, comprehensive analytical solution model practically impossible. Therefore, this chapter presents a modular modeling framework for breaking the AGVS design problem down into smaller, more tractable, sub-problems. The solutions resulting from each module act as input to the next sub-problem module. This process is iterated until convergence is reached.
5 – Encoding Deficits

Publisher Summary Alcoholic Korsakoff patients have an encoding deficit. The first indication that alcoholic Korsakoff patients' memory deficit might in any way be related to a difficulty in their encoding operations occurred in an experiment reported by Cermak and Butters. Findings suggest that the alcoholic Korsakoff and alcoholic patients differ in their spontaneous use of semantic encoding strategies. The control patients seem to have employed, spontaneously, a semantic encoding strategy under both the cued and the free-recall conditions—a tactic that resulted in equal, immediate, and delayed recall performance. The alcoholic Korsakoff patients seemed to employ such strategies only when so instructed by the examiner, such as on the cued recall conditions. When left to their own devices, the alcoholic Korsakoff patients appeared to rely upon rote memory, which is of course based upon a less sophisticated, acoustic-encoding strategy. Thus, the alcoholic Korsakoff patients' significant decrement in performance between immediate and delayed free recall might have been a reflection of their inability to spontaneously employ semantic encoding to aid their retention and retrieval. This latter hypothesis was tested in a series of experiments by Cermak, Butters, and Gerrein that were designed to investigate the extent to which alcoholic Korsakoff patients could encode information under both prompted and unprompted conditions.
“Vision, passion, and care:” The impact of charismatic executive leadership communication on employee trust and support for organizational change

Abstract This study explored how charismatic executive leadership communication during change influences employees’ attitudinal and behavioral reaction toward change. Specifically, it proposed and tested a conceptual model that links charismatic executive leadership communication during change, characterized by envisioning, energizing, and enabling behaviors, employee organizational trust during change, and employees’ openness to change and behavioral support for change (i.e., cooperation and championing). Through an online survey of 439 employees who had experienced a company-wide organizational change in the past two years in the United States, results showed that charismatic executive leadership communication during change positively influenced employee organizational trust, openness to change, and behavioral support for change. Employee trust toward the organization during change positively influenced employee openness to change, which in turn, contributed to employee behavioral support for change. Employee trust was revealed as a partial mediator for the positive impact of charismatic executive leadership communication during change on employee openness to change and behavioral support for change. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
IOP-induced regional displacements in the optic nerve head and correlation with peripapillary sclera thickness.

Abstract Mechanical insult induced by intraocular pressure (IOP) is likely a driving force in the disease process of glaucoma. This study aimed to evaluate regional displacements in human optic nerve head (ONH) and peripapillary tissue (PPT) in response to acute IOP elevations, and their correlations with morphological characteristics of the posterior eye. Cross-sectional (2D) images of the ONH and PPT in 14 globes of 14 human donors were acquired with high-frequency ultrasound during whole globe inflation from 5 to 30 mm Hg. High-frequency ultrasound has a spatial resolution of tens of micrometers and is capable of imaging through the ONH and PPT thickness. Tissue displacements were calculated using a correlation-based speckle tracking algorithm for a dense matrix of kernels covering the 2D imaging plane. The ONH was manually segmented in the ultrasound B-mode images acquired at 5 mmHg based on echogenicity. The lamina cribrosa (LC) boundaries were visible in eight of the fourteen eyes and the LC region was segmented using a semi-automated superpixel-based method. The ONH had larger radial displacement than the PPT in all tested eyes and the difference increased with increasing IOP. A significant negative correlation was found between ONH-PPT displacement difference and PPT thickness (p
The Effect of Nasoseptal Flap Elevation on Post-Operative Olfaction and Sinonasal Quality of Life: A Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundThe use of nasoseptal flaps (NSF) for defect reconstruction in endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) to cranial base pathology has markedly reduced rates of cerebrospinal fluid leak. Howe...
Agency and communion in sexual abuse survivors’ narratives

Abstract This study uses a form of narrative analysis to examine a sample of sexual abuse survivors’ impact statements (n = 117) given in court at the sentencing of the former USA Gymnastics Olympic team doctor, Larry Nassar. Narrative analysis allows for prioritization of the victim’s perspective. Statements are analyzed using themes of agency and communion (McAdams et al., 1996) and ineffectiveness and alienation (McCabe & Dinh, 2016). Inclusion of ineffectiveness and alienation extends the work of McAdams, which began in the 1990s. Findings show that ineffectiveness and communion are positively correlated, as are ineffectiveness and alienation. Age and agency are also positively correlated such that older victims readily express themes of personal power and achievement. Agency and alienation are significantly more common in the statements than ineffectiveness. These findings suggest that participants’ sense of communion is particularly harmed by their victimization, and that impact statements have agentic-based and communion-based functions.
Trex: Learning Execution Semantics from Micro-Traces for Binary Similarity.

Detecting semantically similar functions -- a crucial analysis capability with broad real-world security usages including vulnerability detection, malware lineage, and forensics -- requires understanding function behaviors and intentions. This task is challenging as semantically similar functions can be implemented differently, run on different architectures, and compiled with diverse compiler optimizations or obfuscations. Most existing approaches match functions based on syntactic features without understanding the functions' execution semantics. We present Trex, a transfer-learning-based framework, to automate learning execution semantics explicitly from functions' micro-traces and transfer the learned knowledge to match semantically similar functions. Our key insight is that these traces can be used to teach an ML model the execution semantics of different sequences of instructions. We thus train the model to learn execution semantics from the functions' micro-traces, without any manual labeling effort. We then develop a novel neural architecture to learn execution semantics from micro-traces, and we finetune the pretrained model to match semantically similar functions. We evaluate Trex on 1,472,066 function binaries from 13 popular software projects. These functions are from different architectures and compiled with various optimizations and obfuscations. Trex outperforms the state-of-the-art systems by 7.8%, 7.2%, and 14.3% in cross-architecture, optimization, and obfuscation function matching, respectively. Ablation studies show that the pretraining significantly boosts the function matching performance, underscoring the importance of learning execution semantics.
Development of erosion equations for Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP)

Abstract The application of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) became widespread in recent years due to its high strength and high corrosive resistance. In this study, erosion equations were developed for FRP using the gas experimental data and two erosion models in the literature. The gas experiments were carried out in direct impingement experimental apparatus for different particle velocities (9, 18, and 32 m/s) and various particle sizes (75, 150, and 300 μ m ) for six impacts angles ranging from 15 to 90°. Thus, a sufficient database was provided for development of erosion equations. The gas experiments conducted for FRP showed the ductile behavior for this material which is similar to what has been observed for some of the metallic materials such as 316 stainless steel (SS-316) and 1018 carbon steel (CS-1018). Therefore, the Zhang and Oka models which are basically used for metallic materials have been employed for FRP. Then, modifications such as particle velocity factor and particle size empirical factor were added to the models to fit the models better to the experimental data. It was observed that the developed equations can predict the erosion of FRP in reasonable agreements with experimental data. However, at high particle velocity, overprediction was found which is due to the velocity exponent in the erosion equations. Therefore, obtained erosion equations are recommended to be used for relatively low velocity applications.
A Case of Medullary Infarct Causing Central Alveolar Hypoventilation.

Central alveolar hypoventilation (CAH) is a rarely encountered pathology characterized by decreased ventilation due to the loss of autonomic control. Most cases present at birth, as it can be a rare genetic disorder, but we aim to show that it can occur as an acquired condition too. We present a case of a 65-year-old man who developed CAH as a sequela of an ischemic stroke and discuss possible pathophysiology. Increasing awareness and an early detection of this condition can have a significant effect on morbidity and mortality of patients.
Contemporary Practice Patterns for the Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in the United States.

Background:There is a lack of research investigating current practice trends in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears as well as common concomitant procedures and reoperations ass...
Taxonomy, Phylogeny, and Physiology of Fecal Indicator Bacteria

In studies of environmental quality, there are several different groups of bacteria frequently used as fecal indicators. The most widely applied approach is to use the group represented by the family Enterobacteriaceae (coliforms and fecal coliforms). Fecal indicators other than Escherichia coli, include members of the genus Enterococcus (formally fecal streptococci) and the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium perfringens, Bifidobacteria, and some members of the genus Bacteroides. Due to their widespread use as indictors of the quality of water and other environments, this chapter covers the phylogeny, taxonomy, and physiology of the key fecal indicator bacteria. E. coli and K. pneumoniae are specifically classified as fecal coliforms. The major set of phenotypic characteristics defining the Enterobacteriaceae family include the following: small gram-negative rods, facultative but preferring aerobic metabolism, oxidase negative, catalase positive, can reduce nitrates to nitrites, do not require Na+ for growth, can ferment D-glucose, and contain enterobacterial common antigens. Originally, classification of coliform bacteria was based on fermentation of sucrose and dulcitol, production of indole and acetylmethylcarbinol, and gelatin liquefaction. Functionally, enterococci are divided into five groups based on their ability to produce acid from mannitol and sorbose, and hydrolyze arginine. Bacteroides spp. are present in much greater numbers than E. coli, and can account for up to 30% of the total fecal isolates, with the most common species being B. vulgatus, B. distasonis, and B. thetaiotaomicron.
The diagnosis and treatment of erythroblastosis fetalis.

T HE diagnosis of erythroblastosis due to the Rh factor depends on (1) proof of isoimmunization of the mother to the Rh-positive blood of the fetus by the detection of anti-Rh maternal antibodies, (2) demonstration of the transference of the maternal antibodies to the fetus, and (3) the recognition of clinical and hcmatological signs of excessive blood destruction and regenerat,ion in the newborn infant.
Thyroid Eye Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a potentially vision-threatening autoimmune condition that is most commonly associated with Graves’ disease. The pathophysiology of TED is incompletely understood. The thyrotropin receptor and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor are autoantigens that appear to play a central role in the aberrant activation of the orbital fibroblasts, which are the principal effector cells responsible for orbital soft tissue enlargement in TED. The most common clinical findings of TED include eyelid malposition, exophthalmos, and restrictive strabismus. Conservative measures such as ocular surface lubrication are the mainstay of treatment for mild TED. Euthyroidism should be rapidly achieved and maintained in all patients. Smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for disease onset and progression. The current first line of therapy for active moderate-to-severe and vision-threatening TED is intravenous glucocorticoids. If the disease is refractory to intravenous glucocorticoids, then urgent surgical decompression is indicated. To treat compressive optic neuropathy, surgical decompression needs to relieve compression at the orbital apex. Orbital decompression surgery to reduce exophthalmos can involve orbital fat resection and removal of the lateral wall, medial wall, and, rarely, orbital floor. TED must be stable and nonprogressive for at least 6 months prior to surgical rehabilitation. TED rehabilitative surgery should be performed in the following sequence: orbital decompression, extraocular muscle surgery, and eyelid surgery. The efficacy of novel disease-modifying agents such as rituximab is under investigation.
Using HyTech to Synthesize Control Parameters for a Steam Boiler

We model a steam-boiler control system using hybrid automata. We provide two abstracted linear models of the nonlinear behavior of the boiler. For each model, we define and verify a controller that maintains safe operation of the boiler. The less abstract model permits the design of a more efficient controller. We also demonstrate how the tool HyTech can be used to automatically synthesize control parameter constraints that guarantee safety of the boiler.
Re-membering exclusions: participatory action research in public institutions

At a political moment when democracy, dissent and participation are under siege, especially in low-income communities of color, we write this article to reveal how participatory action research (PAR) can be joined with a larger democratic project to re-member institutions and communities exiled today in neoliberal society. This article draws on two large-scale PAR studies conducted in a women's maximum security prison and in a series of racially desegregated public high schools to explore the power, strategic moves and difficulties of PAR within public institutions. Arguing that PAR offers a theory of method for democratic research, we enter two participatory research collaboratives: a four year, qualitative and quantitative study of the impact of college in prison on the women students, the prison environment, prisoners' postrelease outcomes and civil society, and an ongoing qualitative and quantitative study of how race, ethnicity, class, and academic opportunities and outcomes are (inequitably) distrib...