cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modeling of multi-burst mode pico-second laser ablation for improved material removal rate

This paper deals with the unique phenomena occurring during the multi-burst mode picosecond (ps) laser ablation of metals through modeling and experimental studies. The two-temperature model (TTM) is used and expanded to calculate the ablation depth in the multi-burst mode. A nonlinear increment of ablation volume is found during the multi-burst laser ablation. The deactivation of ablated material and the application of temperature-dependent electron-phonon coupling are demonstrated to be important to provide reliable results. The simulation results based on this expanded laser ablation model are experimentally validated. A significant increase of ablation rate is found in the multi-burst mode, compared with the single-pulse mode under the same total fluence. This numerical model provides a physical perspective into the energy transport process during multi-burst laser ablation and can be used to study the pulse-to-pulse separation time effect on the ablation rate.
Patient Complexity, Prescriber Continuity and Acute Care

Author’s Reply—We thank Drs. Yunyongying and Gove for their interest in our article on prescriber continuity and health care utilization.1 We agree with the authors that one should not infer that having more prescribers of cardiometabolic medications causes increased emergency room visits and hospital admissions. We were careful to use the term “association” throughout the paper and specifically noted in the limitations that the “observational study design used in our study introduces the possibility of unobserved confounding, which precludes causal inference…” We also agree that not all providers and not all visits are equal because some have a greater impact on patient health than others. In future work, we intend to refine this claims-based measure of Continuity of Medication Management (via counts of cardiometabolic prescribers) to try to account for this fact. Although we agree with the authors on these points, we disagree that disease complexity was not addressed. We adjusted for patient-level disease complexity via a validated set of chronic condition indicators from the Gagne score2 and the number of cardiometabolic medications. We also examined cardiometabolic-specific utilization in addition to all-cause utilization, because these outcomes might more plausibly be related to coordination of care among cardiometabolic prescribers. Finally, the criticism that we failed to examine potentially more predictive provider-level factors, such as extent of care coordination between providers, is unreasonable for claims-based analyses, because there are no validated measures of this construct. We agree that this construct may be critical to understand the quality of care coordination interventions, but its measurement may require qualitative assessment or survey measurement. Construction of a claims-based measure of care coordination is not currently feasible. It is important to determine how to provide optimal care to patients, particularly those with multiple chronic conditions. Our manuscript represents the start of this challenging research agenda by presenting a “proof of concept” analysis, which suggested that having multiple prescribers is associated with risk for avoidable health care utilization. We aim to conduct additional research to determine how best to measure the construct of continuity of medication management, to understand its comparative utility over traditional continuity of care measures, and to further validate these initial findings.
Molecular diodes enabled by quantum interference.

We use scanning tunneling microscope break-junction (STM-BJ) measurements to study the low-bias conductance and high-bias current–voltage (IV) characteristics of a series of asymmetric para–meta connected diphenyl-oligoenes. From tight-binding calculations, we determine that the quantum interference features inherent in our molecular design result in a ‘through-bond’ coupling on the para-side, and through-space coupling on the meta-side. We show that these molecular junctions form single molecule diodes, and show that the rectification results from a difference in the voltage dependence of the coupling strength on the through-bond and the through-space side. The interplay between the applied voltage and the molecule–metal coupling results from the asymmetric polarizability of the conducting orbital under an external field.
A massive transfusion protocol to decrease blood component use and costs.

Hypothesis A massive transfusion protocol (MTP) decreases the use of blood components, as well as turnaround times, costs, and mortality. Design Retrospective before-and-after cohort study. Setting Academic level I urban trauma center. Patients and Methods Blood component use was compared in 132 patients during a 2-year period following the implementation of an MTP; 46 patients who were treated the previous year served as historical control subjects. Intervention Introduction of an MTP that included recombinant factor VIIa for patients with exsanguinating hemorrhage. Main Outcome Measures The amount of each blood component transfused, turnaround times, blood bank and hospital charges, and mortality rates. Results After introduction of the MTP, there was a significant decrease in packed red blood cells, plasma, and platelet use. The turnaround time for the first shipment was less than 10 minutes, and the time between the first and second shipments was reduced from 42 to 18 minutes, compared with historical controls. The decreased use of blood products represented a savings of $2270 per patient or an annual savings of $200 000, despite increased costs for recombinant factor VIIa. There was no difference in mortality in either group; it remained around 50%. Thromboembolic complications did not increase, despite a significant increase in the use of recombinant factor VIIa. Conclusions The MTP resulted in a reduction in the use of blood components with improved turnaround times and significant savings. Mortality was unaffected. The use of recombinant factor VIIa did not increase thromboembolic complications in these patients.
The Contradictions of Business Unionism and the Decline of Organized Labour

This paper deals with some of the problems associated with institutionalized collective bargaining in the US. During the twentieth century this has invariably taken shape around contests over wages or distributive issues. This paper argues that such a preoccupation is largely the result of organizational and institutional imperatives that have impelled unions and management to deal with tangible, incremental issues that are not threatening the conventional assumptions about the capitalist work process. After identifying the saliency of contractual formalism in collective bargaining, the author shows how unions as organizational entities more often than not have impeded rank-and-file input into centralized policy-making and ignored worker concerns over non-economic issues. Consequently, labour-capital conflicts have often occurred outside of the established parameters over issues such as work rules and on-the-job decision-making.
RanGTP Targets p97 to RanBP2, a Filamentous Protein Localized at the Cytoplasmic Periphery of the Nuclear Pore Complex

RanBP2, a protein containing FG repeat motifs and four binding sites for the guanosine triphosphatase Ran, is localized at the cytoplasmic periphery of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and is believed to play a critical role in nuclear protein import. We purified RanBP2 from rat liver nuclear envelopes and examined its structural and biochemical properties. Electron microscopy showed that RanBP2 forms a flexible filamentous molecule with a length of approximately 36 nm, suggesting that it comprises a major portion of the cytoplasmic fibrils implicated in initial binding of import substrates to the NPC. Using in vitro assays, we characterized the ability of RanBP2 to bind p97, a cytosolic factor implicated in the association of the nuclear localization signal receptor with the NPC. We found that RanGTP promotes the binding of p97 to RanBP2, whereas it inhibits the binding of p97 to other FG repeat nucleoporins. These data suggest that RanGTP acts to specifically target p97 to RanBP2, where p97 may support the binding of an nuclear localization signal receptor/substrate complex to RanBP2 in an early step of nuclear import.
The Coptic Wizard's Hoard

Within the large collection of ancient manuscripts at the University of Michigan there is a group of Coptic papyri which appears to have been a hoard or library of ancient magical texts. Produced by five copyists sometime in the fourth through seventh centuries and originating from a now unknown location in Egypt, the collection was brought to the British Museum by Sir E. A. Wallis Budge in February 1921 for restoration by C. T. Lamacraft; in August of that year, it underwent philological examination by the Coptic lexicographer Walter E. Crum, and was later forwarded to the University of Michigan.
Polyhedral Dynamics and the Jahn–Teller Effect

The role of polyhedra in the static description of chemical structures makes of considerable interest their dynamic properties. In this connection the central concept in the study of polyhedral dynamics is that of a polyhedral isomerization. In this context a polyhedral isomerization is defined as a deformation of a specific polyhedron P1 until its vertices define a new polyhedron P2. Of particular interest are sequences of two polyhedral isomerization steps P1 → P2 → P3 in which the final polyhedron P3 is combinatorially equivalent to the initial polyhedron P1 although with some permutation of the vertices. Such polyhedral isomerization sequences are called degenerate polyhedral isomerizations. Polyhedral isomerizations may be studied using either a microscopic or macroscopic approach. The microscopic approach uses details of polyhedral topology to elucidate possible single polyhedral isomerization steps, namely which types of isomerization steps are possible. Such isomerization steps consist most commonly of so-called diamond–square–diamond processes or portions thereof. The microscopic approach to polyhedral isomerizations is relevant to understanding fluxional processes in borane and metallaborane polyhedra. The earliest work on polyhedral isomerizations by Muetterties [1–4], Gielen [5–12], Musher [13,14], Klemperer [15–17] and Brocas [18,19] used a macroscopic approach involving relationships between different permutational isomers. Such relationships may be depicted by reaction graphs called topological representations (or top-reps) in which the vertices correspond to different permutational isomers and the edges correspond to single degenerate polyhedral isomerization steps. The macroscopic point of view is also useful for the classification of Jahn–Teller distortions of polyhedra [20] relating to the instability of a non-linear symmetrical nuclear configuration in an electronic degenerate state [21–24].
Repair of Chromosomal RAG-Mediated DNA Breaks by Mutant RAG Proteins Lacking Phosphatidylinositol 3-Like Kinase Consensus Phosphorylation Sites

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits (DNA-PKcs) are members of the phosphatidylinositol 3-like family of serine/threonine kinases that phosphorylate serines or threonines when positioned adjacent to a glutamine residue (SQ/TQ). Both kinases are activated rapidly by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and regulate the function of proteins involved in DNA damage responses. In developing lymphocytes, DSBs are generated during V(D)J recombination, which is required to assemble the second exon of all Ag receptor genes. This reaction is initiated through a DNA cleavage step by the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins, which together comprise an endonuclease that generates DSBs at the border of two recombining gene segments and their flanking recombination signals. This DNA cleavage step is followed by a joining step, during which pairs of DNA coding and signal ends are ligated to form a coding joint and a signal joint, respectively. ATM and DNA-PKcs are integrally involved in the repair of both signal and coding ends, but the targets of these kinases involved in the repair process have not been fully elucidated. In this regard, the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins, which each have several SQ/TQ motifs, have been implicated in the repair of RAG-mediated DSBs. In this study, we use a previously developed approach for studying chromosomal V(D)J recombination that has been modified to allow for the analysis of RAG1 and RAG2 function. We show that phosphorylation of RAG1 or RAG2 by ATM or DNA-PKcs at SQ/TQ consensus sites is dispensable for the joining step of V(D)J recombination.
Organizationally sensible versus legal‐centric approaches to employment decisions

Many managers and human resource professionals view the law increasingly as an overly restrictive influence on their ability to manage employees effectively. This article is intended to alert HR professionals to the risk that they are unnecessarily contributing to the impact that legal considerations have on the management of employees as a result of “legal-centric decision making.” We introduce the construct of legal- centric decision making, present a model of the primary factors contributing to legal-centric decision making, provide support for the model from diverse literatures (e.g., behavioral decision making, management, and law), and identify several keys to avoiding legal- centric decision making. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of Multiple Freshwater Diversions on the Salinity Distribution in the Pontchartrain Estuary under Tidal Forcing

Abstract Numerical experiments of multiple freshwater diversions into the Pontchartrain Estuary under tidal forcing were conducted to evaluate the impact on salinity and tidal flow distribution. A validated numerical hydrodynamic and transport model was used to assess the impacts on tidal flows, circulation, and salinity as a function of additional freshwater input in the estuary from hypothetical diversions combined with channel modifications in the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet. The cumulative and specific impacts were compared with existing conditions. It was concluded that upper and middle estuarine salinity regimes are coupled, and diversion flows need to be managed in accordance with historic inputs. This study also showed that if total freshwater input is not of an order similar to the existing natural tributary flow, the average salinity in the upper estuary could be reduced by 1.5 ppt (±0.5 ppt), which is approximately 40% of the existing long-term salinity of the upper estuary. The additional fl...
Co-occurrence of linguistic and behavioural difficulties in early childhood: a developmental psychopathology perspective.

Three hypotheses have been posited as competing explanations for the comorbidity or co-occurrence of language difficulties and behavioural problems among children: (1) language difficulties confer risk for behaviour problems, (2) behaviour problems confer risk for language difficulties, and (3) shared risk factors account for their co-occurrence. We use a developmental psychopathology perspective to propose a model that integrates these explanations, and incorporates several potential moderating, mediating, and shared risk factors. We propose that temperamental negative emotionality and working memory deficits operate to initiate the pathway that may culminate in comorbid language and behaviour problems. We hypothesise that contextual factors (e.g. parent–child interactional processes) and child-specific factors (e.g. adaptive communication) may exacerbate or offset this risk and thus contribute to multiple developmental pathways. The proposed model underscores the importance of considering transactional ...
The differential diagnosis of tardive dyskinesia

The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of involuntary hyperkinetic movements can be a difficult challenge. A thorough history, including past and present drug use, and a complete physical, neurological, and psychiatric examination, accompanied by appropriate laboratory tests, are often necessary to make the correct differential diagnosis of dyskinesias. Movement disorders in psychiatric patients are usually related to neuroleptic medicines. Extrapyramidal syndromes related to starting these drugs include dystonia, akathisia, and parkinsonism, whereas dyskinesia occurs late in the course of the treatment. Involuntary movements may, however, be idiopathic, be caused by many other drugs, or occur as part of psychoses, hereditary neurodegenerative diseases, or other medical illnesses.
The Impact of Music on Childhood and Adolescent Achievement

Objective. The study examines the association between music involvement and academic achievement in both childhood and adolescence using three measures of music participation: in school, outside of school, and parental involvement in the form of concert attendance. Methods. We review prior work pertaining to music’s impact on achievement and then draw from two nationally representative data sources (ECLS-K and NELS:88). Our analyses apply logistic and OLS regression techniques to assess patterns of music involvement and possible effects on math and reading performance for both elementary and high school students. Results. Music involvement varies quite systematically by class, and gender status, and such involvement holds implications for both math and reading achievement, and for young children and adolescents. Notably, associations with achievement persist in our modeling even when prior achievement levels are accounted for. Although music does mediate some student background effects, this mediation is only minimal. Conclusions. Music participation, both inside and outside of school, is associated with measures of academic achievement among children and adolescents. Future work should further delineate the relevant processes of music involvement, as well as how background inequalities and music involvement intersect in relation to educational performance. Music involvement has been publicly linked to student achievement—a presumed connection made all the more obvious in debates over cuts to high school elementary and high school music programs. Youth music participation is associated with higher matriculation rates (Aschaffenburg and Maas, 1997), higher rates of acceptance into medical schools (Thomas, 1994), lower rates of current and lifetime alcohol, tobacco, or drug abuse (Texas Commission on Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 1999), and lower rates of disruptive classroom behaviors (National Center for Educational Statistics, 1997). Despite these associations, there is much room for elaboration on the
KRONECKER INVARIANTS AND FEEDBACK

The purpose of this shoft note is to discuss the role of the socalled column indices of a singular pencil of matrices (introduced by Kronecker [8]) in the structure theory of linear constant dynamical systems, with special attention to the concept of “feedback“. A complete exposition of the subject will appear in a future paper.
Kidney Tumor Location Measurement Using the C Index Method

Purpose: Tumor location assessment is essential to plan nephron sparing kidney surgery. We describe a method to quantify the proximity of kidney tumors to the renal central sinus for reporting and surgical management.Materials and Methods: Centrality index scoring was done using standard 2-dimensional cross-sectional computerized tomography images in 133 consecutive patients undergoing transperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy between September 2003 and November 2005. The Pythagorean theorem was used to calculate the distance from tumor center to kidney center. The distance was divided by tumor radius to obtain the centrality index. We assessed the correlation of the centrality index with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy operative parameters and the urological complication rate. Centrality index accuracy and interobserver variability were assessed.Results: A centrality index of 0 equates to a tumor that is concentric with the center of the kidney. A centrality index of 1 equates to a tumor with its...
Visualization techniques for bulk wave resonators

An overview of some fundamental algorithms for visualizing multidimensional data sets is given. These techniques are applied to ongoing research problems in bulk wave piezoelectric resonators. A set of two-dimensonal routines is presented. For modeling a vibrating resonator using 3-D finite elements, a combination of slicing, isosurface contours, and volume visualization is used. These techniques are also applicable to layerwise plate theory. It is shown that using visualization tools can greatly enhance the process of scientific discovery and progress in this area of research. >
The development of retrosynthetic glycan libraries to profile and classify the human serum N-linked glycome

Annotation of the human serum N-linked glycome is a formidable challenge but is necessary for disease marker discovery. A new theoretical glycan library was constructed and proposed to provide all possible glycan compositions in serum. It was developed based on established glycobiology and retrosynthetic state-transition networks. We find that at least 331 compositions are possible in the serum N-linked glycome. By pairing the theoretical glycan mass library with a high mass accuracy and high-resolution MS, human serum glycans were effectively profiled. Correct isotopic envelope deconvolution to monoisotopic masses and the high mass accuracy instruments drastically reduced the amount of false composition assignments. The high throughput capacity enabled by this library permitted the rapid glycan profiling of large control populations. With the use of the library, a human serum glycan mass profile was developed from 46 healthy individuals. This paper presents a theoretical N-linked glycan mass library that was used for accurate high-throughput human serum glycan profiling. Rapid methods for evaluating a patient's glycome are instrumental for studying glycan-based markers.
On the accuracy of a particular implementation of the Shannon-Buehler method (MOSFET mobility models)

The accuracy of the constant I/sub DS/-V/sub DS/ version of the Shannon-Buehler method is considered. The variation of the effective mobility with gate voltage and substrate bias results in the difference between the measured and actual channel impurity profiles. General expressions that allow one to compute correction factors using different MOSFET mobility models are derived. General results are illustrated by considering two commonly used mobility models. >
Werner and Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndromes: mechanistic basis of human progeroid diseases

Progeroid syndromes have been the focus of intense research in part because they might provide a window into the pathology of normal ageing. Werner syndrome and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome are two of the best characterized human progeroid diseases. Mutated genes that are associated with these syndromes have been identified, mouse models of disease have been developed, and molecular studies have implicated decreased cell proliferation and altered DNA-damage responses as common causal mechanisms in the pathogenesis of both diseases.
Power management in high-level synthesis

In this paper, we present a power-management methodology targeted toward high-level synthesis of data-dominated behavioral descriptions. It is founded on the observation that variable assignment can significantly affect power-management opportunities in the synthesized architecture, i.e., variable assignment determines whether or not spurious operations get executed by functional units in the architecture. We introduce perfectly power managed architectures, whose functional units do not execute any spurious operations. We present a variable assignment technique which, when used in high-level synthesis, produces architectures which are perfectly power-managed. Unlike many previously proposed power-management techniques, our method does not add latches or any other circuitry in front of functional units or registers and is, therefore, free of the attendant performance penalty. Experimental results indicate savings of up to 52.5% (average 23.0%) in power consumption over already power-optimized architectures. The area overheads due to our technique are also low and averaged 2.5% for our examples.
Silicon Microvalves For Gas Flow Control

Four silicon gas valve technologies have emerged in the past decade and are beginning to compete with conventional solenoid valves. In some applications including proportional control they offer superior flow characteristics, smaller size, smaller weight, or a combination of these advantages. This paper describes the four valve technologies (scaled fluid capsule expansion, aluminum/silicon bimetal, shape-memory alloy, and nickel/silicon bimetal) which have demonstrated
Enriching The Learning Experience In Upper Level Business Law

This paper is a brief explanation of one method used to engage student participation and facilitate learning in an upper level business law course.
RECONCILING NEGATIVITY WITH POSITIVE LEADERSHIP: A PRACTICAL APPLICATION

Purpose: The main goal of this article is to reconcile the concept of negativity with positive leadership approaches in a real-world setting. Methodology: We interviewed Mr. Paul Fayad, ex-President & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of HHA Services, to describe his experience in implementing positive leadership and the role of negativity, and superficially negative behaviors, in creating an engaged workforce. Findings: Effective positive leadership is not unerringly optimistic in all moments and in all things. Instead, it is a responsibility to create a positive work environment for everyone working in your company. This means that managers have to not only keep their people happy, but also eliminate the negative, which can be the wrong people, the wrong process, the wrong equipment, or other processes that should be eliminated. In the elimination of this negative, sometimes critical (or focused-negative) behaviors are required of the “positive leader”. Implications: Negativity is a part of positive leadership, especially during the hiring process and critical conversation. The importance of addressing negativity is discussed.
Can aging be 'drugged'?

In this Perspective, the current approaches to drug aging, and how new approaches may be developed in the future are discussed.
Abstract 6: Proposed algorithm for the management of age 21 and older undergoing primary cervical cancer screening using primary HPV testing with cytology or colposcopy triage: A decision analysis

6: Proposed algorithm for the management of age 21 and older undergoing primary cervical cancer screening using primary HPV testing with cytology or colposcopy triage: A decision analysis N. Joseph, R. Pilliod, R. Clark, A. Goodman, W. Growdon. Massachusetts General Hospital/Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,
The Core Periodicals in Career and Technical Education

Periodicals are essential resources to career and technical education researchers. Scholarly, refereed journals are the primary source for information used by researchers to build the theoretical or conceptual framework for their studies. Non-refereed trade magazines are often useful when researchers need information to establish the need for research and the implications that their findings may have on practitioners (Borg & Gall, 1989).
Nutlin‐3 treatment spares cisplatin‐induced inhibition of bone healing while maintaining osteosarcoma toxicity

The majority of Osteosarcoma (OS) patients are treated with a combination of chemotherapy, resection, and limb salvage protocols. These protocols include distraction osteogenesis (DO), which is characterized by direct new bone formation. Cisplatin (CDP) is extensively used for OS chemotherapy and recent studies, using a mouse DO model, have demonstrated that CDP has profound negative effects on bone repair. Recent oncological therapeutic strategies are based on the use of standard cytotoxic drugs plus an assortment of biologic agents. Here we demonstrate that the previously reported CDP-associated inhibition of bone repair can be modulated by the administration of a small molecule p53 inducer (nutlin-3). The effects of nutlin-3 on CDP osteotoxicity were studied using both pre- and post-operative treatment models. In both cases the addition of nutlin-3, bracketing CDP exposure, demonstrated robust and significant bone sparing activity (p < 0.01-0.001). In addition the combination of nutlin-3 and CDP induced equivalent OS tumor killing in a xenograft model. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the induction of p53 peri-operatively protects bone healing from the toxic effects of CDP, while maintaining OS toxicity. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1716-1724, 2016.
Cytotoxic effects of 1,3-bis(2 chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) on cultured human glioblastomas.

SummaryTwo cultured human glioblas-toma cell lines were exposed to graded doses of BCNU, and the sequential cytoxic and cytocidal changes were studied histolog-ically. Changes included cessation of mitotic activity, reduction in population, rounding and clumping of the cells, nuclear pyknosis, and cell death. The intensity of the changes was proportional to the dosage. With 3 daily doses of 18 μg/ml, the population in Tumor A-172 was only 20% of that in the controls, and 75% of the cells present appeared non-viable. This dosage is about four times that used in a single course in treating humans. After 3 doses at 60 μg/ml, cell death appeared complete, but transfer without additional treatment brought out 2-min foci of viable cells, with several mitoses. A more anaplastic glioblastoma, T98, was much less sensitive to BCNU, responding only by lowered population density, decreased mitoses and slight-to-moderate cytotoxicity in one experiment.We would like to thank Annie Rue for her excellent assistance in cu...
Doors, Floors, Ladders, and Nets Social Provision in the New American Labor Market

Policy decisions during and after the New Deal tied the U.S. social contract to the employment contract, by conditioning eligibility and benefit levels for core welfare-state programs on work status and performance. The resulting system of social provision, however, embodied a set of assumptions about labor-market conditions that began to unravel with the structural economic shifts that began in the mid-1970s. Work was expected to provide open doors to employment, stable floors of security and stability over time, income ladders promising adequate and rising earnings, and safety nets providing public and/or private protections against unforeseen or unavoidable hardships. Each of these assumptions was undermined by fundamental changes in the market, and this, in turn, has redefined patterns of social provision. As a result, core welfare-state programs have become less effective at meeting their own objectives of providing adequate social protections for rising numbers of working Americans. These trends pre...
A New Species of Torymus Reared from the Seeds of American Holly (Hymenoptera: Torymidae)

Torymus rugglesi is described from numerous specimens reared from seeds of American holly collected in Delaware. The species is also recorded from Maryland and Virginia.
Fast Algorithms for Parsing Sequences of Parentheses with Few Errors

We consider the problem of fixing sequences of unbalanced parentheses. A classic algorithm based on dynamic programming computes the optimum sequence of edits required to solve the problem in cubic time. We show the first algorithm that runs in linear time when the number of necessary edits is small. More precisely, our algorithm runs in O(n) + dO(1) time, where n is the length of the sequence to be fixed and d is the minimum number of edits. The problem of fixing parentheses sequences is related to the task of repairing semi-structured documents such as XML and JSON.
The Influence of Middle Level Interdisciplinary Teaming on Teacher Isolation: A Case Study

AbstractThis study was conducted during an entire school year in a middle school with grades six through eight and explored the influence of interdisciplinary teaming on feelings of isolation and collegiality among teachers on teams. Using methods associated with long-term field studies, researchers observed and interviewed teachers on three interdisciplinary case study teams. The personal isolation frequently experienced by teachers was nonexistent by early in the school year; however, other themes of isolation emerged. Inter-team isolation and subject matter isolation concerned teachers who were case study team members. Implications for teacher decision making, for novice teacher development, and for administrative support of teaming are discussed.
MADness in the method: On the volatility and irregularity of technology diffusion

Abstract The paper investigates how some drivers of technology diffusion shape the volatility and irregularity of the diffusion process. It presents an agent-based simulation model of technology diffusion that includes variables to control technology generations, social pressures, market size, and network randomness. Several variable combinations are defined, technology diffusions are simulated, and the volatility and irregularity of the process are measured. The paper explores scenarios with unusually high volatility and/or irregularity in more detail. It shows that technology generations mostly affect volatility, social pressures impact irregularity, while network randomness and market size amplify the other two factors' effects. Also, the paper argues that market structure changes generated by the factor combinations in question indirectly affect diffusion volatility and irregularity and these indirect effects may explain very high levels of, and unexpected changes in the volatility and irregularity of the technology diffusion process.
Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Succinyl-CoA ligase deficiency through functional validation of a new SUCLG1 variant

Deficiency of the TCA cycle enzyme Succinyl-CoA Synthetase/Ligase (SCS), due to pathogenic variants in subunits encoded by SUCLG1 and SUCLA2, causes mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, methylmalonic acidemia, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion. In this study, we report an 11year old patient who presented with truncal ataxia, chorea, hypotonia, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and preserved cognition. Whole exome sequencing identified a heterozygous known pathogenic variant and a heterozygous novel missense variant of uncertain clinical significance (VUS) in SUCLG1. To validate the suspected pathogenicity of the novel VUS, molecular and biochemical analyses were performed using primary skin fibroblasts from the patient. The patient's cells lack the SUCLG1 protein, with significantly reduced levels of SUCLA2 and SUCLG2 protein. This leads to essentially undetectable SCS enzyme activity, mtDNA depletion, and cellular respiration defects. These abnormal phenotypes are rescued upon ectopic expression of wild-type SUCLG1 in the patient's fibroblasts, thus functionally confirming the pathogenic nature of the SUCLG1 VUS identified in this patient and expanding the phenotypic spectrum for SUCLG1 deficiency.
Great Transformations: Economic Ideas and Institutional Change in the Twentieth Century

This book picks up where Karl Polanyi's study of economic and political change left off. Building upon Polanyi's conception of the double movement, Blyth analyzes the two periods of deep seated institutional change that characterized the twentieth century: the 1930s and the 1970s. Blyth views both sets of changes as part of the same dynamic. In the 1930s labor reacted against the exigencies of the market and demanded state action to mitigate the market's effects by 'embedding liberalism.' In the 1970s, those who benefited least from such 'embedding' institutions, namely business, reacted against these constraints and sought to overturn that institutional order. Blyth demonstrates the critical role economic ideas played in making institutional change possible. Great Transformations rethinks the relationship between uncertainty, ideas, and interests, achieving profound new insights on how, and under what conditions, institutional change takes place.
Sentiment Analysis on Arabic Tweets: Challenges to Dissecting the Language

Sentiment analysis and opinion mining are designed to detect peoples’ emotions and opinions. Many public and private sectors are interested in extracting information regarding opinions that consist of subjective expressions across a variety of products or political decisions. Recently, the Arab region has had a significant role in international politics and the global economy that has grasped the attention of political and social scientists. Detecting Arabic tweets will be helpful for politicians in predicting global events based on the popular news and people’s comments. Still, the Arabic language has not received a proper attention from modern computational linguists. This literature review provides a comprehensive study of sentiment analysis on Twitter data and analyzes the existing work that has been done in order to detect and analyze Arabic tweets.
Emergent Remix Culture in an Anonymous Collaborative Art System

Many crowdsourcing systems have a contribution model that is shallow but massively parallel, with contributors rarely processing or iterating upon the work of others. Few systems, even those crowdsourcing creativity or artistic talent, are designed to allow deep chains where the ideas of one individual feed into and directly inspire another individual. To explore the ways in which creative ideas arise and evolve under the influence of specific artifacts created by others, we examine patterns from over 50,000 sketches created and uploaded with Sketch-a-bit, a collaborative mobile drawing application in which each sketch is directly prompted by a previous sketch. In this paper, we report results from two analyses of content created in the system's first two years of deployment. First, we apply qualitative coding to survey the range of effort and creativity in user actions (including actions ranging from unintentioned scribbles to subtly inspired reimaginations of source material through the unexpected preparation of blank canvases for others). Second, we perform an exploratory analysis of large-scale behaviors manifest in chains or trees of sketches (such as open-ended conversations and structured gameplay). The intent of this work is to describe an iterative model of collaborative creativity and to demonstrate a range of remixing behaviors that can be expected to arise in unrestricted, anonymous collaborative creativity applications.
“No One Must Know of This”: Close-up and Heresy in Luis Buñuel’s The Milky Way

While La Voie lactee recounts different takes on heresy that resemble those held by Origen, Irenaeus, Walter Bauer, Helmut Koester, Karl Rahner, Harold O.J. Brown, Tertullian, and Slavoj Žižek, tight shots comment on the characters that articulate these views. Undercutting the orthodox and heretical alike, close-ups disparage characters that claim to know the truth and invite viewers to appreciate the unknowable. The film’s best figures commit to action without asserting truth claims in ways that resemble Žižek’s post-postmodern stance of rejecting dogmatic fanaticism as well as solipsistic neutrality. Ultimately, close-ups in The Milky Way prevent audiences from knowing, press them to embrace ambiguity, and push them to act without guarantee.
The acquisition, analysis and evaluation of imprecise requirements for knowledge-based systems

In this paper, a theoretical foundation has been laid and a practical method has been developed for specifying, analyzing and evaluating the complex relationships between imprecise requirements in knowledge-based systems. Imprecise requirements are represented by the canonical form in test-score semantics. The relationships between requirements are classified to be conflicting and cooperative based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of relationships between requirements. This kind of analysis makes it possible to formulate a feasible overall requirement from conflicting individual requirements. It also facilitates to find better trade-off strategies for conflicting requirements by using fuzzy multi-criteria optimization technique. A requirement engineering process has also been developed to incorporate imprecise requirements into the requirement analysis for knowledge-based systems.
Social-class inequality in infant mortality in England and Wales from 1921 to 1980

This paper examines the trend in social inequality in infant mortality in England and Wales between 1921 and 1980, using both class- and occupation-specific data. It employs a summary measure of inequality that uses all of the available data and can be evaluated in terms of its sensitivity to errors using accepted diagnostic techniques. Occupations that played a significant role in determining the time trend in inequality are identified and the effect of mortality among out-of-wedlock births is examined. Implications of these findings for assessing the determinants of social inequality in infant mortality and evaluating the contribution of the National Health Service in its amelioration are discussed.
Compazine® (Smith Kline & French)

Compazine is one of the class of phenothiazines. These are broadly grouped as antipsychotic and neuroleptics and have effects at all levels of the nervous system. Although the precise mechanisms are unknown, these agents may owe many of their behavioral and neurologic effects to their ability to block dopamine. Phenothiazines have a protective action against nausea and vomiting that is probably related to their dopamine blocking action in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla.
Implications of Feminist Art Criticism for Art Education.

In response to calls by educators for the integration of gender, race, class, and ethnic considerations into the curriculum, and on appeals by art educators for socially relevant and meaningful teaching, feminist art criticism is proposed as a basis for teaching art criticism in art education. Varieties of contemporary feminist art criticism are outlined, and arguments are made for its use because it both presents respect for pluralisms and differences, and approaches the understanding of art through its social and ideological conditions.
PVESTA: a parallel statistical model checking and quantitative analysis tool

Statistical model checking is an attractive formal analysis method for probabilistic systems such as, for example, cyber-physical systems which are often probabilistic in nature. This paper is about drastically increasing the scalability of statistical model checking, and making such scalability of analysis available to tools like Maude, where probabilistic systems can be specified at a high level as probabilistic rewrite theories. It presents PVESTA, an extension and parallelization of the VESTA statistical model checking tool [10]. PVESTA supports statistical model checking of probabilistic real-time systems specified as either: (i) discrete or continuous Markov Chains; or (ii) probabilistic rewrite theories in Maude. Furthermore, the properties that it can model check can be expressed in either: (i) PCTL/CSL, or (ii) the QUATEX quantitative temporal logic. As our experiments show, the performance gains obtained from parallelization can be very high.
The Role of Development and Learning in Feeding Disorders

Ginsberg’s review points out the wide range of feeding problems in the developmentally disabled population and attests to the success of behavioral management procedures in addressing these problems. In discussing this area, I will review the normal development of feeding patterns and behaviors, discuss feeding behavior as learned behavior in which both operant and respondent conditioning factors play a role, discuss the specific ramifications of cognitive and motor impairment in the development of feeding problems in the developmentally disabled, and finally, address future directions and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration in the management of these problems.
Abstract 764: GSTP1 knockdown and inhibition impairs pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) growth

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in the Western world and continues to be a major unresolvable health problem at the start of the 21 st century. Resistance to the currently available treatment options has led to development of new approaches, such as personalized medicine and immunotherapy. However, new therapeutic strategies based on the unique molecular biology and physiology of pancreatic cancer hold the greatest promise. Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is a key detoxification enzyme which metabolizes xenobiotic compounds and byproducts of cellular metabolism. GSTP1 is overexpressed in many tumors, particularly ovarian, non-small cell lung, breast, colon, and pancreas. Moreover, GSTP1 is overexpressed in drug-resistant cancer cell lines. The reasons for increased expression ratios compared to normal tissues or wild-type cell lines are not well understood. To investigate the role of GSTP1 in PDAC pathogenicity, we generated two knockdown lines of GSTP1 in metabolically diverse PDAC cells. We showed that GSTP1 knockdown impairs the growth and proliferation of PDAC cells. Additionally, GSTP1 knockdown cells exhibit elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and a prolonged G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Intrigued by these results, we next examined whether pharmacological inhibition with a selective GSTP1 inhibitor, Ezatiostat (TLK199), also impaired PDAC pathogenicity. Ezatiostat is a small molecule drug and is novel glutathione analog, which selectively binds and inhibits GSTP1. Ezatiostat treatment in PDAC cells recapitulated the proliferation impairments observed with genetic inactivation of GSTP1 and elevated ROS levels. Orthotopic implantation of GSTP1 knockdown cells in athymic nude mice resulted in reduced tumor weight and volume compared to the control. The growth trajectory of the tumors was monitored via Vevo-3100 ultrasound imaging system. Our preliminary data indicate enhanced sensitivity of glycolytic cancer cells towards an ROS-inducing agent and a GSTP1 inhibitor, piperlongumine (PL). Interestingly, we have found PL is less cytotoxic to cells with reduced GSTP1 levels, indicating that PL primarily works by inhibiting GSTP1 activity. Together, these data suggest that GSTP1 knockdown and inhibition impairs the growth and survival of phenotypically diverse PDAC cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, GSTP1 knockdown results in elevated ROS levels and an extended G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. With these data, we propose that GSTP1 is a novel therapeutic target for PDAC. Citation Format: Rahul Raj Singh, Katie M. Reindl. GSTP1 knockdown and inhibition impairs pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 764.