cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A completely thrombosed, nongiant middle cerebral artery aneurysm mimicking an intra-axial neoplasm

BACKGROUND: Few reports exist regarding thrombosed aneurysms where the initial work up was concerning for a neoplasm. To date, no published reports exist regarding a nongiant thrombosed middle cerebral artery aneurysm, where the primary workup and treatment plan was directed toward a preliminary diagnosis of intra-axial neoplasm. CASE DESCRIPTION: We report a 43-year-old female who presented with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure attributed to a lesion along the right superior temporal gyrus. The lesion enhanced on initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, as well as on follow-up MRI. Subsequent vascular studies and metastatic work up were negative. A craniotomy with image guidance was performed and an intraoperative diagnosis was made of a thrombosed aneurysm along a branch of the middle cerebral artery. The aneurysm was trapped and resected as there was no significant flow from the branch as seen on the prior cerebral angiogram. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course. CONCLUSION: Completely thrombosed, nongiant aneurysms can mimic an intra-axial neoplasm. Typical imaging features for thrombosed aneurysms may be missed, especially if the aneurysms are small, where imaging characteristics of the intraluminal contents is more difficult to appreciate. Although imaging may be consistent with a neoplastic lesion, there should be suspicion for a potential underlying aneurysm.
Perceptual Alterations of Veer by Interpolated Movement Experience

Abstract Sixty-four university students walked through straight and curved pathways, without vision, and afterwards each reported his perceptions of the direction in which he had veered, or whether he had traveled in a straight line. It was found that significant differences occurred in the percentage of subjects who reported perceiving a slight veer in their gait pattern after they had walked in a markedly curved pathway, and after walking in a straight pathway. It was concluded that perceptions of veer can be altered measurably by recent, and relatively brief, interpolated movement experiences.
Reflections on the Insertion and Fracture Forces of Microneedles

Background The use of microneedles for transdermal drug delivery is a feasible alternative to injections and tablets. As different types of microneedles are being developed from a variety of materials, it is important to understand their insertion and fracture forces. In this review, it has been emphasized that for microneedles to be clinically useful, they must penetrate the skin without breaking. It means that the insertion force must be smaller than fracture force. Methods Transdermal experiments involving these forces have been described and theoretical models highlighted. The knowledge of these forces is important for microneedle design and experimental/ clinical use. Results From an experimental standpoint, different techniques are used to measure insertion and fracture forces. To measure insertion and failure forces, a texture analyzer can be used. In this review, the measurement of insertion and fracture forces has been discussed and their utility in transdermal experiments presented. Conclusion This review has focused on insertion and failure forces in transdermal drug delivery experiments. Although the question is complex since there is a wide variety of skin models and forces involved, studies carried out in the last few years have thrown more light to aid better understanding of these forces in transdermal drug delivery research.
Chronic Vascular Arrest as a Predictor of Bevacizumab Treatment Failure in Retinopathy of Prematurity

Purpose To describe a pattern of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) disease regression and chronic vascular arrest after intravitreal bevacizumab treatment that is not observed after peripheral laser ablation. Design Single-institution retrospective cohort study. Participants Consecutive sample of 58 eyes in 30 patients treated for type 1 ROP. Methods Initial treatment with either a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in off-label use (n = 33 eyes) or peripheral laser ablation (n = 25 eyes) as part of standard clinical care. There was bias in recommending off-label bevacizumab for smaller infants with type 1 ROP. Main Outcome and Measures Reactivation or persistence of ROP, as determined by clinical examination, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography. Results All eyes treated initially with bevacizumab demonstrated irregular progression of the leading vascular edge in a stereotyped pattern, suggestive of scalloped regression. Recurrence, based on angiographic demonstration of leakage, or chronic vascular arrest, confirmed based on angiographic demonstration of peripheral ischemia, was noted in 30 eyes (91%) in the bevacizumab group, at a median interval of 14.9 weeks after injection (corrected gestational age, 49.3 weeks). Univariate logistic regression indicated that the need for rescue treatment was associated with decreased birth weight (odds ratio [OR], −0.007; P = 0.04) and age of initial treatment (OR, −0.35; P = 0.05), but not gender, race, or gestational age. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that only decreased birth weight (OR, −0.018; P = 0.04) was associated with need for rescue treatment. Conclusions Treating ROP with intravitreal bevacizumab results in a characteristic scalloped regression pattern that is highly associated with treatment using biologic anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents. The presence of this pattern in conjunction with chronic vascular arrest and peripheral retinal ischemia persisting beyond standard screening timelines has significant implications for the management of ROP. Fluorescein angiography is important in assessing vascular maturation in these infants.
Abstract 933: Protein kinase a regulation of malignant brain tumor migration

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and deadly type of primary brain tumor, accounting for over 13,000 new cases in the U.S. annually and a two-year survival rate of Citation Format: Jennifer N. Ausland, Robert H. Newman, Patrick M. Martin. Protein kinase a regulation of malignant brain tumor migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 933.
Directores Escolares y Padres que Logran Resultados Óptimos: Lecciones Aprendidas de Seis escuelas Norteamericanas que han Implementado Prácticas Inclusivas

La educacion inclusiva aporta numerosos beneficios a los alumnos con y sin discapacidades, incluyendo mejores logros academicos y relaciones con sus pares. Un liderazgo escolar fuerte y comprometido, ademas de alianzas y relaciones de confianza con las familias son dos caracteristicas que el Centro SWIFT (Schoolwide Integrated Framework for Transformation Center) de la Universidad de Kansas, utiliza para ayudar a las escuelas a transformarse en establecimientos totalmente inclusivos. Este articulo describe los resultados de 11 grupos focales llevados a cabo con padres de alumnos con y sin discapacidades en seis escuelas norteamericanas, reconocidas por sus practicas inclusivas. Los resultados de este estudio revelaron varias formas en que los directores y los padres de los alumnos de las escuelas pueden aliarse para contribuir a la vida escolar y a obtener resultados positivos para todas las partes involucradas.
Record fT and fT+fMAX performance of InP/InGaAs single heterojunction bipolar transistors

Record performance is reported for InP/InGaAs single heterojunction transistors. An f/sub T/ of 382 GHz is reported on a 0.5/spl times/12 /spl mu/m device, the highest for any bipolar device on any material system. Record f/sub T/+f/sub MAX/ of 673 GHz was achieved on a 0.35/spl times/8 /spl mu/m device.
Human Change: A Problem During Design of Computing Systems

Design problems of computing systems are explored. Research literature, empirical research, and case study examples are utilized to show that many of the most acute problems are neither technical nor economic, but rather are difficulties of human change. Literature on technological change provides a setting for considering four kinds of problems called (a) hierarchical conflicts, (b) dependent-independent conflicts, (c) management-technical conflicts, and (d) insider-outsider conflicts. Costs of change are not all monetary, and both costs and benefits accrue unevenly across different groups in organizations when change is undertaken. Recommendations include the need to give consideration during design and implementation of computing systems, not only to user needs, but also to user control of their part of the system. Review by persons other than computer designers is also encouraged.
Cyclones, Indigenous and Invasive, in Northern Australia

Northern Australia experiences on average 13 cyclones a year, and cyclones there continue to play a significant role in shaping the land, the environment and the lives of all creatures living there. They are indifferent to both cultural identities and political boundaries. They begin at sea and mostly do damage on land, although historically the human death toll from cyclones in Australia has been higher at sea. But cyclones can also be ecologically and culturally beneficial; and in the cyclone belt of Northern Australia, a wide range of different knowledge systems apply to wild weather events. In this chapter, McDougall focuses upon significant differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous cyclone experiences in Northern Australia—as lived, danced, painted and written. Texts for discussion include Patrick White’s The Eye of the Storm, Randolph Stow’s To the Islands, Tim Winton’s Breath, Alexis Wright’s Carpentaria and the Gurirr-Gurirr visual texts of Rover Thomas and Paddy Jaminji.
Spiritual Leadership: A Superior Way to Be and Serve

The corporate world is realizing that spiritual values are integral to employee well-being and business success. Organizations are becoming increasingly aware that people seek meaning and purpose in their work and have a deep desire to connect with other human beings as part of a community. This chapter focuses on the moral and spiritual dimensions of holistic leadership. Spiritual leadership is not dependent on your title and you do not have to be at the top of an organization to practice spiritual leadership. It depends upon the self-power and not the position-power. It is about being true to yourself and living your core values. It has been observed that leaders need to follow their internal compass in living out their core values and purpose.
Happy Accident: A Sentiment Composition Lexicon for Opposing Polarity Phrases

Sentiment composition is the determining of sentiment of a multi-word linguistic unit, such as a phrase or a sentence, based on its constituents. We focus on sentiment composition in phrases formed by at least one positive and at least one negative word ― phrases like ‘happy accident’ and ‘best winter break’. We refer to such phrases as opposing polarity phrases. We manually annotate a collection of opposing polarity phrases and their constituent single words with real-valued sentiment intensity scores using a method known as Best―Worst Scaling. We show that the obtained annotations are consistent. We explore the entries in the lexicon for linguistic regularities that govern sentiment composition in opposing polarity phrases. Finally, we list the current and possible future applications of the lexicon.
Dynamic Regulation of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine At the γ-Globin Promoter During Erythroid Differentiation

Abstract Abstract 824 DNA methylation is a key element responsible for γ-globin gene repression in adult erythroid cells. Our laboratory previously observed that the γ-globin gene promoter region was demethylated in a progressive manner as γ-globin expression was activated during erythroid differentiation of primary baboon pre-switch fetal liver cells and, to a lesser extent, of adult baboon bone marrow (BM) cells (Singh et al Exp Hematol 35:48-55, 2007). The mechanism responsible for DNA demethylation of the γ-globin promoter during erythroid differentiation remains unknown. Recent studies have shown that DNA demethylation in the early embryo is mediated by the “sixth base” 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) whose formation from 5-methylcytosine is catalyzed by the enzymatic activity of the three TET proteins. To investigate the hypothesis that 5-hmC mediates DNA demethylation of the γ-globin promoter during erythroid differentiation, levels of 5-hmC at Msp I (CCGG) sites within the γ- and e-globin promoters and γ-globin IVS II region in DNA isolated from peripheral WBC, purified terminal erythroid precursors, and FACS-purified adult bone marrow subpopulations enriched for different stages of differentiation (CD117+ CD36-, CD117+ CD36+, and CD117-CD36+), were analyzed using a T4 glucosylase-MspI quantitative real time PCR assay. Levels of 5-hmC associated with the γ-globin promoter MspI site were 11.6 fold higher (p 7 fold higher (p Disclosures: Godley: Celgene: Research Funding.
Abstract A28: Effects of an education intervention about human papillomavirus self-testing for healthcare providers

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) self-testing is an emerging cervical cancer screening strategy. As interest continues to increase, it becomes important to educate healthcare providers about HPV self-testing. We report the findings of a brief education intervention about HPV self-testing for healthcare providers. Methods: We conducted education sessions about HPV self-testing during 2015 with a convenience sample of healthcare providers and staff (n=33) from five federally qualified health centers in Appalachian Ohio. The session included an automated PowerPoint presentation that provided information about HPV infection and HPV-related diseases, current cervical cancer screening recommendations, HPV self-testing, and how to talk to women about HPV self-testing and self-test results. The presentation was designed to brief (15 minutes) and it was followed by a question and answer period. Participants attended a one-time session and completed pre and post-intervention surveys focused on knowledge and beliefs. We compared pre- and post-intervention responses using McNemar9s chi-square test (binary variables) or the Wilcoxon signed rank test (continuous variables). Results: All participants were non-Hispanic white with a mean age of 43.2 years. Most participants were female (88%), had at least a college degree (72%), and worked full-time (91%). The 33 participants included 20 nurses, 5 nurse practitioners, 5 medical assistants, and 3 other providers/staff (1 physician, 1 case manager, and 1 social worker). The education intervention increased participants9 knowledge. Participants answered an average of 4.67 of six knowledge items correctly on pre-intervention surveys and 5.82 items correctly on post-intervention surveys (p Conclusions: A brief education intervention may be a low-cost and potentially effective strategy for increasing knowledge and affecting beliefs about HPV self-testing among healthcare providers and staff. Findings will be highly valuable for planning and developing future HPV self-test programs that include a component for healthcare providers. Citation Format: Mira L. Katz, Brynne Presser, Abigail Shoben, Mack T1 Ruffin, IV, Electra D. Paskett. Effects of an education intervention about human papillomavirus self-testing for healthcare providers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A28.
Transfusion Therapy and Massive Transfusions

This chapter will discuss the key blood products in bleeding patients—platelets, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate. Management of massive transfusions will also be covered. Many patients with bleeding disorders will require transfusion of blood products. This chapter will summarize the use of blood products for hemostasis. This chapter will also discuss the art of managing a massive transfusion.
Management of cardiac implantable electronic devices in the presence of left ventricular assist devices.

Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are increasingly used in the management of patients with advanced heart failure. Many of these patients have or will be considered for a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) such as an implantable cardioverter–defibrillator or a cardiac resynchronization therapy device. Frequent interplay is often encountered due to the complexity of these devices and the underlying disease states. Proactive management strategies and an awareness of interactions may help reduce adverse events. Here we review the current literature, present management recommendations, and discuss potential future investigations for CIEDs in patients with LVADs.
How Today's Mentoring Relationships Can Influence Tomorrow's Physical Education

The purpose of this article is to describe effective functions that mentors can use to assist in both the personal and professional development of proteges. Mentors help their proteges in two prima...
Defining the optimal method for reporting prostate cancer grade and tumor extent on magnetic resonance/ultrasound fusion–targeted biopsies

Magnetic resonance (MR)/ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy (TB) routinely samples multiple cores from each MR lesion of interest. Pathologists can evaluate the extent of cancer involvement and grade using an individual core (IC) or aggregate (AG) method, which could potentially lead to differences in reporting. We reviewed patients who underwent TB followed by radical prostatectomy (RP). TB cores were evaluated for grade and tumor extent by 2 methods. In the IC method, the grade for each TB lesion was based on the core with the highest Gleason score. Tumor extent for each TB was based on the core with the highest percent of tumor involvement. In the AG method, the tumor from all cores within each TB lesion was aggregated to determine the final composite grade and percentage of tumor involvement. Each method was compared with MR lesional volume, MR lesional density (lesion volume/prostate volume), and RP. Fifty-five patients underwent TB followed by RP. Extent of tumor by the AG method showed a better correlation with target lesion volume (r= 0.27,P= .022) and lesional density (r = 0.32, P = .008) than did the IC method (r= 0.19 [P = .103] andr= 0.22 [P = .062]), respectively. Extent of tumor on TB was associated with extraprostatic extension on RP by the AG method (P= .04), but not by the IC method. This association was significantly higher in patients with a grade group (GG) of 3 or higher (P= .03). A change in cancer grade occurred in 3 patients when comparing methods (2 downgraded GG3 to GG2, 1 downgraded GG4 to GG3 by the AG method). For multiple cores obtained via TB, the AG method better correlates with target lesion volume, lesional density, and extraprostatic extension.
Ambulatory Endocrine Surgery

Over the past four decades, the healthcare system has seen a tremendous increase in the acceptance of ambulatory surgery. Ambulatory thyroid surgery has been demonstrated to be safe and is excellent for many patients. However, adoption of this approach has been relatively limited. In this chapter we will review the current standards and controversies specific to ambulatory endocrine surgery.
Making partial choices in constraint reasoning problems

Constraint problems derived from design and configurations tasks often use components (structured values) as domains of constrained variables. Most existing methods are forced into unnecessary search because they assign complete components to variables. A notion of partial choice is introduced as a way to assign a part of a component. The basic idea is to work with descriptions of classes of solutions as opposed to the actual solutions. It is shown how this idea can reduce search and in the best case eliminate search. A distinction is made between a partial commitment (a partial choice that would not be retracted) and a partial guess. A particular way to implement partial choice problem solvers is discussed. This method organizes choices in a taxonomic classification. Use of taxonomies not only helps in pruning the search space but also provides a compact language for describing solutions. no-goods, and representing constraints. It is also shown how multiple hierarchies can be used to avoid some of the problems associated with using a single hierarchy.
A Consideration of Social Referencing in the Context of Attachment Theory and Research

As demonstrated by the chapters in this volume, the concept of social referencing refers to a diversity of phenomena observed by scholars from a variety of disciplines and divergent theoretical positions. Since attachment theory has eclectic underpinnings and is an open-ended theory, it is subject to revision, refinement, and extension in the light of further research. As what is meant by social referencing is better agreed upon, and as research into both it and attachment proceeds, it seems likely that its overlap with attachment will become clearer. Nevertheless, it is evident that there are even now important overlaps and areas of congruence. It is my hope that my comments here may help to clarify the degree of congruence that is already appreciable; there may well be more overlap between social referencing phenomena and attachment phenomena than I have included in this chapter.
Source relationships between streambank soils and streambed sediments in a mercury-contaminated stream

In contaminated streams, understanding the role of streambank and streambed source contributions is essential to developing robust remedial solutions. However, identifying relationships can be difficult because of the lack of identifying signatures in source and receptor pools. East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) in Oak Ridge, TN, USA received historical industrial releases of mercury that contaminated streambank soils and sediments. Here, we determined relationships between the contaminated streambank soils and sand-sized streambed sediments. Field surveys revealed the spatial trends of the concentrations of inorganic total mercury (Hg) and methyl mercury (MeHg), Hg lability as inferred by sequential extraction, particle size distribution, and total organic carbon. Statistical tests were applied to determine relationships between streambank soil and streambed sediment properties. Concentrations of Hg in streambank soils in the upper reaches averaged 206 mg kg−1 (all as dry weight) (n = 457), and 13 mg kg−1 in lower reaches (n = 321), while sand-sized streambed sediments were approximately 16 mg kg−1 (n = 57). Two areas of much higher Hg and MeHg concentrations in streambank soils were identified and related to localized higher Hg concentrations in the streambed sediments; however, most of the streambank soils have similar Hg concentrations to the streambed sediments. The molar ratio of Hg to organic carbon, correlation between MeHg and Hg, and particle size distributions suggested similarity between the streambank soils and the fine sand-sized fraction (125–250 μm) collected from the streambed sediments. Mercury in the fine sand-sized streambed sediments, however, was more labile than Hg in the streambank soils, suggesting an in-stream environment that altered the geochemistry of sediment-bound Hg. This study revealed major source areas of Hg in streambank soils, identified possible depositional locations in streambed sediments, and highlighted potential differences in the stability of Hg bound to streambank soils and sediments. This work will guide future remedial decision making in EFPC and will aid other researchers in identifying source–sink linkages in contaminated fluvial systems.
Increased Risk of Heterotopic Ossification Following Revision Hip Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

Purpose: To investigate whether surgery for PJI of the hip, the number of procedures and their duration contribute to risk of HO formation. Methods: 56 patients with hip PJI undergoing one-stage (10) or two-stage (46) exchange arthroplasty were matched to 112 patients undergoing revision arthroplasty for aseptic failure based on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), surgical approach (all direct lateral) and date of surgery (2006-2013). Patients with Paget’s disease and ankylosing spondylitis, or preoperative HO were excluded. Perioperative pain management included use of the anti-inflammatory medications in all patients without prophylactic radiotherapy. Six-month postoperative radiographs were reviewed based on Brooker classification. Results: The incidence of overall HO in PJI and aseptic groups was 84% (47/56) and 11% (12/112), respectively. High grade HO (grades 3 and 4) in PJI and aseptic groups were 25% (24/56) and 4% (4/112), respectively. PJI was an independent risk factor for HO in the multivariate analysis (odds ratio of 9.3, 95% CI: 2.9-29.9, p<0.001). Conclusions: Patients undergoing surgical treatment of hip PJI seem to be at increased risk of developing HO compared to aseptic failure. HO prophylaxis regimens may be recommendable in eligible patients undergoing surgical intervention for PJI of the hip.
A framework for heat release predictions in compression ignition engines with multiple injection events : IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications

This paper details the development of a zero-dimensional combustion model for compression ignition engines with the main focus on incorporating physics-dependent features. Physical processes, such as injection, evaporation and mixing of fuel and air were given special attention and were linked to physical parameters such as injector geometry and fuel properties to allow for a realistic representation of the In-cylinder combustion process. In its current form, the model aids offline optimization and will further serve as the basis for a model predictive control strategy. Modeling parameters were calibrated against experimental steady-state data of a heavy-duty multi-cylinder engine, mostly at 1038rpm and 14.1bar brake mean effective pressure. Calibration coefficients were fitted to various parameter sweeps, including intake valve closure, injection pressure, combustion phasing and EGR. The modeling framework is capable of predicting premixed and diffusion combustion and was calibrated with up to three injection events. The predicted and experimentally measured combustion phasings are within 1 crank angle degree at high loads, while increasing discrepancies were found for lower loads.
Aseptic Glenoid Baseplate Loosening After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background Aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening can lead to the failure of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). Estimates of the prevalence of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening after RTSA are required to guide clinical decisions, but published results are variable and lack precision. The goal of this meta-analysis was to determine a precise estimate of the prevalence of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening after RTSA and to explore variation in the prevalence according to different variables, such as the type of procedure (primary or revision), preoperative diagnosis, the center of rotation of the glenoid component (medialized or lateralized), study size, the definition of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening, and the duration of follow-up. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. We searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases for English-language articles describing the outcomes after RTSA with a minimum 12-month follow-up in which radiographic findings of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening were reported. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and meta-regression was used to explore the influence of variables on heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results One hundred and three studies (covering 6,583 RTSAs) performed from 1991 to 2015 met our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of radiographic aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening for all RTSAs was 1.16% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80% to 1.69%). The prevalence of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening was lower among primary RTSAs (0.90%; 95% CI, 0.54% to 1.49%) than among revision RTSAs (3.64%; 95% CI, 1.91% to 6.84%). The pooled prevalence of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening by diagnosis was 2.69% for osteoarthritis with bone loss, 1.71% for cuff tear arthropathy, 1.20% for rheumatoid arthritis, 1.08% for sequelae of fracture, 0.94% for irreparable massive cuff tear, and 0.25% for acute proximal humeral fracture. The prevalence of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening was not significantly different for prostheses with a medialized center of rotation (1.15%) versus a lateralized center of rotation (1.84%). Conclusions To our knowledge, the present study represents the first meta-analysis investigating only aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening after RTSA. Multiple variables were found to be associated with the prevalence of aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening. The rates reported here are lower than those reported previously because of the inclusion of more recent evidence and more studies that evaluated aseptic glenoid baseplate loosening. Level of evidence Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Constant potassium chloride release from microporous membrane-coated tablets prepared with aqueous colloidal polymer dispersions.

To achieve constant drug release and to avoid the use of organic solvents, potassium chloride tablets were coated with aqueous latexes containing dispersed pore-formers with pH-dependent solubility characteristics. The pore-forming agent, dibasic calcium phosphate, was insoluble in the latex but soluble at low pH. Upon contact with simulated gastric fluids, it leached out rapidly to form a rate-controlling, microporous membrane. The release of potassium chloride was linear with time up to 75–80% drug released. It increased with increasing level of pore-former and decreasing membrane thickness but was independent of the degree of agitation and the pH of the dissolution medium after leaching of the pigments. Upon storage at different relative humidities, moisture uptake of the film coat and variations in the release profiles over time were minimal.
Atomic layer etching of metals with anisotropy, specificity, and selectivity

In this work, a special focus is given to atomic layer etching (ALE) of metals, since this is a relatively new field but is expected to grow rapidly given the major advancements potentially enabled via metal incorporation throughout the manufacturing process of integrated circuits. The impact of John Coburn’s work on the development of ALE processes is analyzed with a focus on ion energy and the neutral-to-ion ratio. To realize atomic precision in removing etch-resistant materials with complex compositions or structures, the surface reactivity would replace etch rate as the parameter of interest to control the chemical contrast needed for selectivity. The desirable etching anisotropy dictates the usage of directional ions. John Coburn’s work on ion-enhanced etching of Si serves as an example that a fine control of ion energy and the neutral-to-ion ratio could be the gateway of reactivity control, which is demonstrated with recent progress on thermal-plasma ALE of Ni. The effect of surface reactivity is studied from first-principle atomistic calculations and confirms the experimental findings.
Reexamination of the psychometric properties of the Compensatory Eating and Behaviors in Response to Alcohol Consumption Scale (CEBRACS) and exploration of alternative scoring.

Abstract Objective The primary aims of this paper were to reexamine the factor structure of the 21-item Compensatory Eating and Behaviors in Response to Alcohol Consumption Scale (CEBRACS), a measure of Food and Alcohol Disturbance (FAD), and investigate an alternative scoring structure. FAD is the use of disordered eating behaviors within an alcohol use episode to compensate for alcohol-related calories and/or increase effects of alcohol. The new scoring approach captures FAD behaviors based on whether they occurred before, during, or after alcohol use. Method Participants were 586 young adults (18–30 years; 77.6% female; 55.8% non-Hispanic White) who completed online questionnaires on alcohol use, disordered eating behaviors, and FAD. Results Confirmatory factor analyses did not provide unequivocal evidence for any previously proposed factor structures of the CEBRACS. Exploratory factor analysis suggested items capturing FAD “Before” drinking had a two-factor structure (i.e., Alcohol Effects and Compensatory Behaviors), items capturing FAD “During” drinking had a three-factor structure (i.e., Alcohol Effects, Diet & Exercise, and Extreme Weight Control Behaviors [EWCB]), and items capturing FAD “After” drinking had a two-factor structure (i.e., Diet & Exercise & EWCB). Discussion The CEBRACS factor structure is not consistent across samples; however, despite suboptimal fit, the original structure remains the best approach to capture FAD behaviors. The alternative scoring reflects FAD behaviors based on when they occur relative to alcohol use. The two scoring approaches provide researchers and clinicians flexibility to describe FAD behaviors in multiple ways using the CEBRACS.
Photovoice as an Innovative Approach to Group Work with Black Youth in School Settings

This article proposes photovoice as an innovative approach to group work with Black (K-12) youth in school settings. More specifically, this article focuses on how school counselors can use photovo...
Advanced Synchrophasor-based Application for Potential Distributed Energy Resources Management: Key Technology, Challenge and Vision

With an increasing number of distributed energy resources (DERs) integrating into the power system, the power grid is becoming more complex and uncertain. Owing to most of DERs are through grid-connected converters to integrate into the power system, the intermittent nature and resource-depended characteristic of the DERs are challenging their monitoring and control. Conventional synchronized measurement devices (SMDs) may be difficult to provide qualified data for DERs management for its accuracy and reporting-rate limitation. The monitoring systems developed basing on SMDs may be insufficient for depicting detailed dynamic manifestations of power systems with a high proportion integration of DERs. This paper shares some advanced synchrophasor-based applications developed in FNET/GridEye, which have a broad prospect for assisting system operator on the control and integration of the DERs.
Giant uterine leiomyoma: Not all pediatric pelvic masses are ovarian

Abstract Uterine leiomyomas are rare in the adolescent population with only 19 reported cases in the literature. Interestingly, these masses represent a common presentation of gynecologic tumors with increasing age. We report a case of a 15-year-old female who presented with six months of abdominal pain and loose stools. Menstruation began at 11 years of age and she had no gravida history. Workup with ultrasound demonstrated a large pelvic mass presumed to be of ovarian origin. Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed identifying a large uterine mass. An open Pfannenstiel incision was made for complete resection. The mass weighed 526 g and was 11 × 9 × 9cm.The patient remains asymptomatic at 6 month follow up.
Ethical Considerations in Global Mental Health Research

The establishment of a successful global mental health research program requires first and foremost the development of trust, which necessarily rests on a foundation of ethics. This chapter provides an overview of the principles that underlie the ethical conduct of research involving human participants and the international ethics framework for such research. Particular attention is paid to informed consent processes and study design in conducting mental health research in the global context. Processes for monitoring the safety of study participants and ensuring their rights are also examined.
New bufferless rate control for high efficiency video coding

As a crucial component of video compression, rate control regulates the encoding bitrates of compressed bitstreams to meet channel bandwidths while obtaining optimum encoding quality. In this research, we investigate rate control techniques for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC/H.265) and propose a new Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) based direct rate control algorithm for HEVC/H.265. The objective is to achieve accurate bitrate control for real-time networked video applications. Based on the PID control theory, the proposed algorithm first performs target bit allocation, and then directly controls actual compression bitrates to get close to target encoding bitrates. Different from conventional rate control approaches, a buffer is not adopted in the proposed rate control algorithm which naturally reduces encoding delay and improves real-time response. When compared with the rate control scheme adopted by HEVC/H.265 reference software, our algorithm achieves superior performance according to the experimental results. Specifically, our proposed algorithm improves rate control accuracy up to 23.43%, and achieves higher encoding quality up to 3.47 dB.
Characterization of Polysorbate 80 by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to Understand Its Susceptibility to Degradation and Its Oxidative Degradation Pathway.

Abstract A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed to provide a fingerprint of polysorbate 80 (PS80) subspecies that enables identification of PS80 degradation pathway. The developed method demonstrates unique monoester peak profile of PS80 from different vendors, attributed by differences in relative abundance of the fatty acid monoesters. The LC-MS method was also applied to examine the susceptibility of PS80, at different grades, to auto-oxidation and hydrolysis. PS80 oxidative degradation induced by iron or occurred in open bottle without nitrogen overlay was found to follow the same pathway, but at a much faster rate in the former scenario. The oxidation preferentially occurs at the double bond of fatty acid chains, thus providing explanation on the faster degradation observed in PS80 at Chinese Pharmacopia (ChP) grade than at multi-compendial (MC) grade. In contrast, the difference in susceptibility of MC and ChP grade PS80 against esterase-induced hydrolysis in placebo was not pronounced. The method was also able to provide a fingerprint to identify both PS80 hydrolysis and oxidation in mAb drug product stability samples, but it requires a solid phase extraction step to remove protein prior to the analysis.
Adaptive Perspectives on Human-Technology Interaction: Methods and Models for Cognitive Engineering and Human-Computer Interaction

In everyday life, and particularly in the modern workplace, information technology and automation increasingly mediate, augment, and sometimes even interfere with how humans interact with their environment. How to understand and support cognition in human-technology interaction is both a practically and socially relevant problem. The chapters in this volume frame this problem in adaptive terms: How are behavior and cognition adapted, or perhaps ill-adapted, to the demands and opportunities of an environment where interaction is mediated by tools and technology? The authors draw heavily on the work of Egon Brunswik, a pioneer in ecological and cognitive psychology, as well as on modern refinements and extensions of Brunswikian ideas, including Hammond's Social Judgment Theory, Gigerenzer's Ecological Rationality and Anderson's Rational Analysis. Inspired by Brunswik's view of cognition as "coming to terms" with the "casual texture" of the external world, the chapters in this volume provide quantitative and computational models and measures for studying how people come to terms with an increasingly technological ecology, and provide insights for supporting cognition and performance through design, training, and other interventions. The methods, models, and measures presented in this book provide timely and important resources for addressing problems in the rapidly growing field of human-technology interaction. The book will be of interest to researchers, students, and practitioners in human factors, cognitive engineering, human-computer interaction, judgment and decision making, and cognitive science.Please visit this website for additional materials:http://www.humanfactors.illinois.edu/resources/OtherResourses/LensModel.aspx
Interdisciplinary Geriatric Education.

There is an absence of adequately trained social workers to meet the health and social service needs of a rapidly increasing aging population. Educators face the challenge of helping social workers in the field both to upgrade their gerontological knowledge and skills and to become functioning members of the emerging modality-the interdisciplinary care team. A historical review of gerontological social work education suggests that 'first generation' education programs based on a medical model of intervention gave way to the 'second generation' in which aging was viewed as a normative step in the life cycle. Currently gerontological social work education is entering the 'third generation' in which emphasis is on working with members of other disciplines to provide comprehensive care. This interdisciplinary geriatric health care is most readily taught as a continuing education, postgraduate experience. This 'third generation' of gerontological social work education is exemplified by the experience of the Hu...
Seafloor geomorphology of convergent margins: Implications for Cascadia seismic hazard

[1] We compare the geomorphology of several convergent continental margins to constrain the seismic hazard of the Cascadia margin offshore Oregon, and present the possibility of a slow earthquake mechanism for a characteristic Cascadia event. The Cascadia seafloor has a very delicate bathymetry, with well-preserved landslides and noneroded slopes approaching 20°, unusual for a margin that produces M∼9 earthquakes. Three-dimensional seismic and multibeam bathymetry data from the Nankai Trough suggest ubiquitous erosion over the entire margin with a smooth lower slope, devoid of large landslides, as would be expected on an accretionary margin that produces M∼8.5 earthquakes. The accretionary Makran (Pakistan) and Kodiak (Alaska) margins have evidence of mass wasting and smooth lower slopes that lack large landslides. The nonaccreting Nicaraguan, Sanriku, and Aleutian margins have large, well-preserved landslides that add roughness elements to the slope, and have produced anomalously large tsunami, suggesting a slow source mechanism. Quantitative analysis of the lower slope roughness suggests the Cascadia has a characteristic geomorphology substantially different than the other sedimented convergent margins. The geomorphology, heat flow, pore pressure regime, and accounts of the 1700 “megathrust” event suggest a possible characteristic earthquake with a slow source mechanism. Rupture velocity would be high enough to be tsunamigenic, but accelerations would be low such that downslope erosion is minimal. To make the distinction between a slow and rapid source mechanism is critical in planning for seismic hazard in the Pacific Northwest.
Xanthogranulomatous Adrenalitis: A Case Report of a Diabetic, 55-Year-Old Male

We report a rare case of xanthogranulomatous adrenalitis in a 55-year-old man. The patient presented to the hospital with fever, nausea, and right flank pain. His medical history was significant for diabetes and an adrenal mass that was detected 6 years prior to presentation during a computed tomography (CT) scan for trauma secondary to a motor vehicle collision. The mass was thought to be a myelolipoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 12-cm right adrenal mass that was considered suspicious for carcinoma, which was surgically excised and cultured intraoperatively. The cultures subsequently grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Grossly, the adrenal mass was an encapsulated, necrotic lesion with surrounding areas of fat necrosis. On histologic examination, the tissue showed sheets of histiocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells diffusely involving the adrenal gland along with bright yellow lipofuscin crystals in a background of necrosis and fibrosis.
Adoptive transfer of mast cells does not enhance the impaired survival of Kit(W)/Kit(W-v) mice in a model of low dose intraperitoneal infection with bioluminescent Salmonella typhimurium.

Abstract Mast cells are important effector cells in IgE-associated immune responses, but also can contribute to host defense in certain examples of bacterial infection. We found that genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1- Kit W / Kit W−v mice exhibited more bacterial CFUs per spleen by 6 days after intraperitoneal injection of bioluminescent Salmonella typhimurium , and died more rapidly after infection, than did the congenic WBB6F1- Kit +/+ wild type mice. Adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells of Kit +/+ origin to the peritoneal cavity of Kit W / Kit W−v mice resulted in engraftment of mast cells in the peritoneal cavity and mesentery of the recipient mice, and the development of large numbers of mast cells in the spleen. However, such mast cell-engrafted Kit W / Kit W−v mice appeared sicker after intraperitoneal injection with S. typhimurium than did mast cell-deficient Kit W / Kit W−v mice, and exhibited numbers of CFUs of bacteria per spleen, and a survival curve, that were not significantly different than those of Kit W / Kit W−v mice. These results, when taken together with prior studies investigating the roles of mast cells in innate immunity, strongly suggest that whether mast cells can be shown to have a significant role in enhancing survival during bacterial infections may depend critically on the details of the particular experimental systems examined.
Topologically protected Dirac cones in compressed bulk black phosphorus

Using the $k\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}p$ theory and first-principles simulations, we predict that applying a moderate uniaxial or hydrostatic pressure $(g0.6\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa})$ on bulk or multilayer black phosphorus (BP) can diminish its bandgap and produce one-dimensional and even two-dimensional (2D) Dirac cones. Similar to topological insulators, these 2D Dirac cones result from two competing mechanisms: the unique linear band dispersion tends to open a gap via a ``pseudo-spin-orbit'' coupling, while the band symmetries preserve the material's gapless spectrum. In particular, these Dirac cones in BP are bulk states that do not require time-reversal symmetry, thus they can keep the high carrier mobility even in the presence of surface or magnetic perturbations. Finally, our predictions can be detected by the material's unusual Landau levels.