cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Septic Arthritis of the Pediatric Shoulder: From Infancy to Adolescence.

Background. Septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint in the pediatric population ( ) at presentation was 5 years, with a range of 1 month to 15 years. Patients presented on average after 7 days with pain and a mean temperature of 39°C, erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 66 mm/hr, a C-reactive protein level of 11.17 g/dL, and a white blood cell count of 20.2 × 103/mcL. Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were cultured from the wounds. All cases were treated operatively with irrigation and debridement and with antimicrobial therapy. Patients received antibiotics for an average of 6 weeks. Conclusion. Septic arthritis of the shoulder occurs in all pediatric ages. Successful treatment of septic arthritis of the shoulder was accomplished in four cases without division of the biceps sheath, with an average follow-up of 8 months.
Examining the relationship between child maltreatment and severity of attachment difficulties among children five years of age and older

Abstract The target population in this study were foster or adoptive parents who were caring for a child who had experienced CM and/or disruptions in a primary caregiver. Participants ( N = 223) were categorized as caring for a child who had a history of CM and/or disruptions in a primary caregiver before / by age 5 or as caring for a child who had a history of CM and/or disruptions in a primary caregiver after age 5 . Participants were administered the Attachment Disorder Assessment Scale-revised to assess for the presence of AD among the children that they were caring for. Two separate between groups ANOVAs were conducted to examine the differences between the scores on the ADAS-R (dependent variable) for those participants caring for a child who had 1) a history of CM before/by age 5 vs. after age 5 and/or 2) disruptions in a primary caregiver before/by age 5 vs. after age 5 (independent variable). Results indicated that those children who were older than 5 when they experienced CM and/or disruptions in a primary caregiver actually had more substantial AD than those children who had these experiences by/before age 5.
Clinical and Biological Correlates of CD45 Expression on Bone Marrow Plasma Cells from Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Abstract Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by accumulation of clonal malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). CD45 was initially characterized as a leucocyte common antigen and can be found on all hematopoietic cells and is a key regulator of antigen mediated signaling and activation in B and T-lymphocytes. The expression of CD45 appears to be heterogeneous among the plasma cells in MM and this characteristic has been suggested to have biological and prognostic significance. Goals: To study CD45 expression by flow cytometry (FC) on BM plasma cells from patients with different stages of MM, and compared CD45 expression to key clinical and biological characteristics including clinical outcome, labeling index (%S-phase), bone marrow angiogenesis, and bone disease. In addition, the expression profile of various adhesion molecules on CD45+ vs CD45− plasma cells was studied. Results: BM from seventy-five patients seen at the Mayo Clinic during 1995 and diagnosed with newly diagnosed MM (29), relapsed MM (17), smoldering MM (12), and MGUS (17) were studied for CD45 expression.. CD45+ was defined as >20% of gated plasma cells expressing CD45. A mean of 30% of the plasma cells expressed CD45 by flow cytometry (median, 14%; range, 0.1 to 100%). Among the entire cohort of patients, 33 (44%) of the patients were CD45+. Patients with early disease (MGUS and SMM) had a higher percentage of plasma cells expressing CD45 compared with patients with advanced disease (new or relapsed MM) (43% vs. 22%; P = 0.005). Among those with early disease 69% were CD45 positive compared to 28% among those with advanced disease (P = 0.0008). Among the 46 patients with advanced disease, the mean percentage of CD45+ plasma cells was 14% (range, 0.1 – 85) for those with bone lesions compared to 34% (2 – 99) for those with none; P = 0.02. Also, those with high labeling index (>=1%) had a higher percentage of CD45 expressing plasma cells than those with a low labeling index (30% for high LI vs. 15% for low LI; (P = 0.08). Among those with advanced disease, patients with low-grade angiogenesis had a higher percentage of CD45+ plasma cells; 31% vs. 13% (P = 0.03). The median overall survival for the CD45 positive group was 39 mos vs. 18 mos for the CD45 negative group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.1). The expression of CD138 (syndecan-1), CD56 (NCAM) and CD54 (ICAM-1) were higher among the CD45 neg plasma cells. Other adhesion molecules, especially LFA-1, Mac-1, VLA-5, and CD44 were more often expressed on the CD45 + plasma cells. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that CD45 expression is more common in early disease and is lost with disease progression. There are important immunophenotypic and biologic differences in the CD45+ vs CD45− plasma cells that may have implications for the design of immunotherapy for MM.
Omega‐3 Fatty Acid Grafted PAMAM‐Paclitaxel Conjugate Exhibits Enhanced Anticancer Activity in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells

Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers (UGCs) are a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Paclitaxel (PTX) is frequently used for the treatment of UGCs; however, low bioavailability, reduced solubility, and dose-dependent toxicity impede its therapeutic use. PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 -DHA is synthesized by linking amine-terminated fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 ) dendrimers with omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Next, PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 -DHA-PTX (DHATX) and PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 -PTX (PAX) conjugates are synthesized by subsequent covalent binding of PTX with PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 -DHA and PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 , respectively. 1 H-NMR and MALDI-TOF analyses are performed to confirm conjugation of DHA to PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 and PTX to PAMAMG4.0 -NH2 -DHA. The cell viability, clonogenic cell survival, and flow cytometry analyses are used to determine the anticancer activity of PTX, PAX, and DHATX in UGC cell lines. The in vitro data indicate that treatment with DHATX is significantly more potent than PTX or PAX at inhibiting cellular proliferation, suppressing long-term survival, and inducing cell death in UGC cells.
An in situ USAXS-SAXS-WAXS study of precipitate size distribution evolution in a model Ni-based alloy.

Intermetallic γ′ precipitates typically strengthen nickel-based superalloys. The shape, size and spatial distribution of strengthening precipitates critically influence alloy strength, while their temporal evolution characteristics determine the high-temperature alloy stability. Combined ultra-small-, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS–SAXS–WAXS) analysis can be used to evaluate the temporal evolution of an alloy's precipitate size distribution (PSD) and phase structure during in situ heat treatment. Analysis of PSDs from USAXS–SAXS data employs either least-squares fitting of a preordained PSD model or a maximum entropy (MaxEnt) approach, the latter avoiding a priori definition of a functional form of the PSD. However, strong low-q scattering from grain boundaries and/or structure factor effects inhibit MaxEnt analysis of typical alloys. This work describes the extension of Bayesian–MaxEnt analysis methods to data exhibiting structure factor effects and low-q power law slopes and demonstrates their use in an in situ study of precipitate size evolution during heat treatment of a model Ni–Al–Si alloy.
Model specification test in a semiparametric regression model for longitudinal data

Abstract We propose a model specification test for whether or not a postulated parametric model (null hypothesis) fits longitudinal data as well as a semiparametric model (alternative hypothesis) does. In the semiparametric model, we suppose that a baseline function of time is modeled nonparametrically, while the longitudinal covariate effect is assumed to be a parametric linear model. The existing kernel regression based likelihood ratio tests suffer from computing the likelihood function in the alternative hypothesis, because a specific parametric alternative is not desired. To circumvent this difficulty, we calibrate the semiparametric model to a regression model containing only the parametric parameters, and investigate the quadratic inference function in the calibrated model. The proposed approach yields an asymptotically unbiased parametric regression estimator without undersmoothing the baseline function. This provides us a simple and powerful test statistic that asymptotically follows a central chi-squared distribution with fixed degrees of freedom under the null hypothesis. Simulation studies show that the proposed test is able to identify the true parametric regression model consistently. We have also applied this test to real data and confirmed that the baseline function can be captured by a conjectured parametric form sufficiently well.
A Compilation of Experimental Data on Laminar Burning Velocities

The pioneering works of Dixon-Lewis [2.1], Warnatz [2.2], and Westbrook and Dryer [2.3] have demonstrated the usefulness of studying flame kinetics through numerical simulation of the flame structure and the subsequent comparison of the calculated results with experimental data. The comparison can be conducted either at the global level of the bulk flame responses such as the laminar burnig velocities, s L , and the extinction stretched rates, or at the detailed level which includes not only the bulk flame responses but also the temperature and species profiles.
Promoting Hearing Health Collaboration Through an Interprofessional Education Experience.

Purpose To enhance audiology and physician assistant (PA) student appreciation for collaboration/team-based care through an interprofessional educational activity focused on hearing assessments. Me...
Clinical Application of Genetic Testing in Heart Failure.

The purpose of this review is to present our current understanding of the genetic etiologies that may cause or predispose to heart failure. We highlight known phenotypes for which a genetic evaluation has clinical utility. The literature continues to demonstrate and confirm a genetic basis for conditions that cause heart failure. Evidence suggests a genetic model involving rare and common variants of strong or weak effect, in combination with environmental factors that may manifest as familial or simplex disease. Clinical genetic testing is available for several phenotypes, which can aid in the diagnosis and identification of at-risk family members. The evaluation of heart failure should include investigating etiologies with a genetic basis. Conducting a genetic evaluation in patients with heart failure requires the ability to identify possible genetic etiologies in an individual’s phenotype, obtain relevant family history, and clinically interpret genetic testing results.
ASSOCIATION OF GDF11 AND TELOMERE LENGTH WITH INCIDENT CORONARY OUTCOMES

Chromosomal telomere length (TL) declines with age, and short TL is associated with prevalent age-related diseases. The TL association with incident cardiovascular (CV) events and the mechanism of CV risk are unknown. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) regulates cell growth and differentiation
The Relationship Between Apical Vertebral Rotation and Truncal Rotation in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using 3D Reconstructions.

Abstract Study Design Retrospective review of prospective data. Objectives To evaluate the relationship between absolute apical vertebral rotation (AVR) evaluated with upright 3D imaging and angle of trunk rotation (ATR) before and after surgery for thoracic and lumbar curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Summary of Background Data New imaging technology allows for improved radiographic assessment of the degree of AVR pre- and postoperatively through 3D spine models created from biplanar, simultaneous spine radiographs. Methods A prospective registry was queried and identified 55 AIS patients with major thoracic or major thoracolumbar/lumbar curves who underwent posterior spinal fusion. All patients had biplanar upright imaging of their spine and ATR measurements assessed via scoliometer pre- and postoperatively. Results There were 33 major thoracic and 22 major lumbar curves. The mean Cobb angles for thoracic and thoracolumbar/lumbar curves were 54° ± 10° and 47° ± 8° preoperatively, and 11 ± 6° and 12 ± 7° postoperatively. The differences in the mean preoperative ATR measurements for both major curve types was not statistically significant; however, the difference in AVR between thoracic curves (13 ± 6°) and lumbar curves (22 ± 7°) was significant (p Conclusion ATR measured via scoliometer strongly correlates with 3D measurements of AVR in both thoracic and lumbar curves before and after surgery for AIS. No significant relationship was found between the changes in ATR and AVR due to surgery. Postoperatively, greater clinical rotational deformity remains in the thoracic spine compared to the lumbar spine, despite greater apical vertebra axial plane correction in thoracic curves. Level of Evidence Level II, diagnostic.
The potential of near-entrance stalagmites as high-resolution terrestrial paleoclimate proxies: Application of isotope and trace-element geochemistry to seasonally-resolved chronology

Abstract Sub-annually resolved environmental proxies can be valuable archives of climate change, but they are rare in terrestrial settings, and it can be difficult to verify their annual nature. We suggest that speleothems that grow in well-ventilated zones of caves may preserve such high-resolution records. Near-entrance cave environments are characterized by year-round, near-atmospheric CO2 concentrations and are significantly influenced by surface air temperature fluctuations, particularly in temperate latitudes. Previous monitoring studies of a well-ventilated, temperate-latitude cave (Westcave Preserve, central Texas) have documented seasonal variations in the oxygen isotope composition of calcite grown on glass substrates (with winter δ18O maxima and summer δ18O minima) as well as seasonal variations in drip water trace element compositions. Extending this work to a stalagmite (WC-3) from the same drip site, we find that stalagmite δ18O variations are similar in magnitude to the seasonal δ18O variations previously observed for calcite grown on glass substrates, that stalagmite [Mg] variations have a similar seasonal period with winter minima and summer maxima, and that geochemical variations follow stalagmite growth fabric as mm-scale couplets comprising thin, slow-growing, compact sparry calcite laminae (winters) and thicker, fast-growing, porous-elongate columnar calcite laminae (summers). We interpret a high-resolution (weekly to monthly) 52-year record of δ18O, Mg, Sr, and Ba in WC-3, and report new monthly measurements of drip water and associated calcite grown on glass substrates. We find drip water δ18O and [Mg]/[Ca] are essentially invariant and that seasonal variations in WC-3 calcite δ18O and Mg concentration agree well with predicted temperature-dependent fractionation between water and calcite. WC-3 calcite Sr and Ba also vary, but with higher and more variable frequencies compared to δ18O and [Mg]. The annual nature of δ18O and [Mg] cycles is supported by monitoring and 14C bomb-peak chronology. We suggest that stalagmite δ18O and [Mg] vary primarily in response to large seasonal temperature changes in this setting, allowing for unambiguous differentiation between summer and winter calcite growth. From such δ18O- and [Mg]- derived sub-annual chronologies, the timing of enrichments in other geochemical species that are less directly coupled to external cave temperature (e.g., calcite Sr and Ba) can be considered as proxies of other important processes such as water-rock interaction in the epikarst, precipitation events, or subsurface respiration rates. The potential for this kind of multi-proxy, seasonally-resolved dating may add near-entrance stalagmites to the list (ice cores, lake varves, tree rings) of high-resolution terrestrial proxies available for paleoclimate studies.
Accurate and consistent 4D segmentation of serial infant brain MR images

Accurate and consistent segmentation of infant brain MR images plays an important role in quantifying the early brain development, especially in longitudinal studies. However, due to rapid maturation and myelination of brain tissues in the first year of life, white-gray matter contrast undergoes dramatic changes. In fact, the contrast inverses around 6 months of age, where the white and gray matter tissues are isointense and hence exhibit the lowest contrast, posing significant challenges for segmentation algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel longitudinally guided level set method for segmentation of serial infant brain MR images, acquired from 2 weeks up to 1.5 years of age. The proposed method makes optimal use of T1, T2 and the diffusion weighted images for complimentary tissue distribution information to address the difficulty caused by the low contrast. A longitudinally consistent term, which constrains the distance across the serial images within a biologically reasonable range, is employed to obtain temporally consistent segmentation results. The proposed method has been applied on 22 longitudinal infant subjects with promising results.
Six-year follow-up with Empress veneers.

This study reports on 6 years experience with IPS Empress laminate veneers. A total of 83 anterior veneers were positioned in 21 patients from January 1991 to December 1996 in the author's private practice. Final evaluation was carried out in May and June 1997. Color match, marginal discoloration, recurrent caries, contour, and marginal integrity were evaluated using the modified U.S. Public Health Service criteria at baseline and subsequent recall appointments. On the basis of the criteria used, a large percentage of veneers were rated Alfa. Only one failure was recorded, resulting in a success rate of 98.8%. A thorough description of clinical procedures and laboratory techniques through which anterior teeth can be successfully treated with ceramic veneers is supplied. A clinical case is presented to demonstrate the satisfactory esthetic results obtained using this very conservative restorative technique.
Thrombotic Microangiopathy in a Transplant Recipient

The patient is a 28-year-old woman with ESKD due to hypoplastic kidneys, who started peritoneal dialysis at age 11 years, received her first kidney transplant (deceased donor) at age 14 years, and experienced allograft failure at age 19 years. She returned to peritoneal dialysis; a transplant
Assessing Callous-Unemotional Traits Using the Total Score from the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits: A Meta-Analysis.

The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) is a widely used rating scale measure of callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Most studies have used a unit-weighted total score that sums all of the i...
Classification of Genetically Defined Autoinflammatory Diseases

Autoinflammatory diseases are hyperinflammatory, immune-dysregulatory conditions that typically present in early childhood with fever, rashes and disease-specific patterns of sterile organ inflammation of predominantly innate immune cells. The identification of disease-causing genetic mutations in key innate immune pathways that regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, paired with the impressive clinical responses to cytokine blocking therapies has led to the concept that cytokine activation drives “cytokine amplification loops” that lead to the development of systemic and organ-specific disease manifestations of autoinflammatory diseases. While the initial discoveries of the genetic causes of autoinflammatory diseases and the clinical treatment successes centered around conditions that were presumed to be caused by interleukin (IL)-1 overproduction and signaling, more recent studies are providing insights into proinflammatory cytokine dysregulation, that includes Type-I interferon (IFN), IL-17, IL-18 or IL-36 and more generally ubiquitination disorders that affect nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) dysregulation. Characteristic clinical findings such as fever patterns, type of skin lesions and pattern of organ inflammation track with specific innate immune pathways. In this chapter we use two different classification systems of the known genetically-defined autoinflammatory diseases, a clinical classification system based on skin lesions, other characteristic clinical features and the pattern of the inflammatory episodes (i.e. fever pattern), and a pathophysiological classification based on innate immune sensor and cytokine pathways that are dysregulated. The clinical and pathophysiological classification systems can be integrated.
Influence of Control Systems on Opportunistic Behaviors of Salespeople: A Test of Gender Differences

Jaworski (1988) proposed that managers typically use two types of formal controls—output and process—to direct and evaluate marketing employees and that the latter may respond negatively to perceptions of such controls. The current study tests the generalizability of Jaworski's framework to salesperson populations that differ on gender. Using a sample of professional salespeople, the study examines if (1) male and female employees perceive managers as using similar controls under given task conditions, and (2) female salespeople respond to control perceptions in the same way as do male salespeople. Results suggest that there are no gender differences for either controls perceived or responses to controls.
Fortuitous Identification of Fluctuating AV Block: A Case Report.

Abstract Background Vagally mediated atrioventricular block (AVB) may occur as a result of increased parasympathetic tone. This particular AVB is infrequently described in the literature, but its prevalence may be underestimated, as it may occur without recognition. Case Report We present a case of vagally mediated AVB that was identified by serial electrocardiography of a patient who presented to the emergency department with vomiting. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? Vagally mediated AVB must be differentiated from paroxysmal, bradycardia-dependent AVB, which may progress to persistent AVB and require pacemaker placement. In an asymptomatic patient with vagally mediated AVB, pacemaker placement is contraindicated. However, if symptoms are clearly attributable to vagally mediated AVB, pacemaker placement may be reasonable.
The Sperner Property in Geometric and Partition Lattices

A major field in the study of the combinatorial properties of ordered sets developed from a fundamental result of Sperner concerning the maximum size of an antichain in a Boolean algebra. Investigations by many researchers combined into a theory of surprising elegance, subtlety, and breadth. There are three major thrusts in this field, which is now known as Sperner theory. One approach is to study the maximum antichains (and their generalizations) in arbitrary finite ordered sets. The seminal result of this type is Dilworth’s decomposition theorem (see [9]), which exposed the profound duality between antichains and partitions into chains. This aspect of Sperner theory is discussed in Chapter 1 of this volume. A second effort has been aimed at generalizing Sperner’s theorem to obtain deeper results about families of subsets, e. g., there is Ramsey-Sperner theory [13], in which one assumes that an n-element set has been k-colored, and the problem is to find a maximum collection of subsets that contains no two sets A, B with A ⊂ B and B − A monochromatic.
Bariatric Biosociality: Pushed Together, Pulled Apart:

This article explores the postoperative experiences of weight loss surgery patients. More specifically, it investigates why bariatric patients seek out and form connection to similarly situated oth...
Simulation Assisted Likelihood-free Anomaly Detection

Given the lack of evidence for new particle discoveries at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), it is critical to broaden the search program. A variety of model-independent searches have been proposed, adding sensitivity to unexpected signals. There are generally two types of such searches: those that rely heavily on simulations and those that are entirely based on (unlabeled) data. This paper introduces a hybrid method that makes the best of both approaches. For potential signals that are resonant in one known feature, this new method first learns a parametrized reweighting function to morph a given simulation to match the data in sidebands. This function is then interpolated into the signal region, and then the reweighted background-only simulation can be used for supervised learning as well as for background estimation. The background estimation from the reweighted simulation allows for nontrivial correlations between features used for classification and the resonant feature. A dijet search with jet substructure is used to illustrate the new method. Future applications of Simulation Assisted Likelihood-free Anomaly Detection (salad) include a variety of final states and potential combinations with other model-independent approaches.
Phytochemicals inhibit migration of triple negative breast cancer cells by targeting kinase signaling

Cell migration and invasion are essential processes for metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. Significant progress has been made in developing new therapies against oncogenic signaling to eliminate cancer cells and shrink tumors. However, inherent heterogeneity and treatment-induced adaptation to drugs commonly enable subsets of cancer cells to survive therapy. In addition to local recurrence, these cells escape a primary tumor and migrate through the stroma to access the circulation and metastasize to different organs, leading to an incurable disease. As such, therapeutics that block migration and invasion of cancer cells may inhibit or reduce metastasis and significantly improve cancer therapy. This is particularly more important for cancers, such as triple negative breast cancer, that currently lack targeted drugs. We used cell migration, 3D invasion, zebrafish metastasis model, and phosphorylation analysis of 43 protein kinases in nine triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines to study effects of fisetin and quercetin on inhibition of TNBC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Fisetin and quercetin were highly effective against migration of all nine TNBC cell lines with up to 76 and 74% inhibitory effects, respectively. In addition, treatments significantly reduced 3D invasion of highly motile TNBC cells from spheroids into a collagen matrix and their metastasis in vivo. Fisetin and quercetin commonly targeted different components and substrates of the oncogenic PI3K/AKT pathway and significantly reduced their activities. Additionally, both compounds disrupted activities of several protein kinases in MAPK and STAT pathways. We used molecular inhibitors specific to these signaling proteins to establish the migration-inhibitory role of the two phytochemicals against TNBC cells. We established that fisetin and quercetin potently inhibit migration of metastatic TNBC cells by interfering with activities of oncogenic protein kinases in multiple pathways.
Chapter 4 – Basic Exposure (Nonflash) Concepts

This chapter explains the photographic variables related to exposure. It provides information required to control motion and eliminate blur in photographs. Determining the proper exposure for an image is an essential element of crime scene photography. Each exposure variable affects the others. One variable can be changed if another is also changed to maintain exposure equilibrium. The same overall exposure can be achieved with different exposure settings. This allows the photographer to capture a properly exposed image with different effects: different motion-stopping capability and different ranges of depth of field. The exposure meter is the “tool” used to determine a proper exposure. It indicates whether a “proper” exposure has been established or whether the scene is currently overexposed or underexposed. Shutter speeds are not only exposure controls but also motion controls. The proper choice of shutter speeds not only eliminates the risk of blurred photographs resulting from the movement of the photographer at the instant the shutter is depressed but can also eliminate the blur that can be caused by the movement of subjects and objects within well-composed photographs.
Global estimates for generalized Forchheimer flows of slightly compressible fluids

This paper is focused on the generalized Forchheimer flows of slightly compressible fluids in porous media. They are reformulated as a degenerate parabolic equation for the pressure. The initial boundary value problem is studied with time-dependent Dirichlet boundary data. The estimates up to the boundary and for all time are derived for the L∞-norm of the pressure, its gradient and time derivative. Large-time estimates are established to be independent of the initial data. Particularly, thanks to the special structure of the pressure’s nonlinear equation, the global gradient estimates are obtained in a relatively simple way, avoiding complicated calculations and a prior requirement of Holder estimates.
CT for Pre- and Postprocedural Evaluation of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement.

CT has emerged as a pivotal imaging modality in the preprocedural evaluation for transcatheter mitral valve replacement, allowing comprehensive evaluation of the mitral valve, and is useful in the ...
The effects of information source and eHealth literacy on consumer health information credibility evaluation behavior

Abstract Health consumers can easily access information on the Internet. The quality of online health information varies and overall is concerning. The definition of eHealth literacy implies that consumers' ability to evaluate online health information varies with their eHealth literacy. A lab-based experiment was conducted to investigate how information source and consumers’ eHealth literacy affect their use of different types of indicators and criteria in evaluating the credibility of online health information. Credibility evaluation was viewed as a process of utilizing criteria to interpret webpage indicators. Twenty-five participants each viewed a total of 15 webpages from government, commercial, and online forum sources (five from each). Gaze-cued retrospective think-aloud was employed to elicit the indicators and criteria that participants used to evaluate the webpages. The findings showed that content-related indicators and criteria were used the most in credibility evaluation across different information sources. Participants used source indicators more often than design indicators in evaluating government websites and used design criteria more often than individual factors in evaluating commercial websites. eHealth literacy did not significantly affect credibility evaluation but showed a marginally significant interaction effect with information sources on the number of indicators used. The results enhance our understanding of factors influencing consumer online health information evaluation behavior.
Retinal hemangioblastoma vascular detail elucidated on swept source optical coherence tomography angiography

Abstract Purpose To report the distinct vascular pattern of a treatment-naive retinal hemangioblastoma imaged on swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Observations A 33-year-old female with a history of Von Hippel-Lindau disease presented for follow-up of bilateral retinal hemangioblastomas. Ultra-widefield fundus photography of the left eye revealed a small, juxtapapillary lesion. SS-OCTA imaging centered at the lesion identified two distinct vascular foci. Centrally, the lesion was composed of a dense capillary meshwork. Peripherally, a pattern of branching vessels with terminal budding was identified. The patient was diagnosed with a new juxtapapillary retinal hemangioblastoma. Conclusions and Importance SS-OCTA can visualize the in-vivo vascular structure of retinal hemangioblastomas. Early lesion identification can help in prompt diagnosis and monitoring. Further investigation is needed to assert if the branching and budding pattern described in this case report is broadly characteristic of this tumor entity.
Embedding into an Emerging Money System: The Case of Bitcoin

As global economic crises place the issue of money at the forefront of media attention, a growing minority are turning to “cryptocurrencies” as an emerging digital alternative to state-issued curre...
What Should Radiology Residency and Fellowship Training in Artificial Intelligence Include? A Trainee's Perspective-Radiology In Training.

A standardized, holistic artificial intelligence (AI) curriculum is necessary to meet trainee demand and prepare them for effective AI tool use in their future practice.
An Analysis of the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Eating Disorder and Potential Causes

Eating disorder is a widespread psychological disorder in society today. There are three major types of eating disorder: Binge Eating disorder, (binge eating) Anorexia nervosa (refuse to eat), Bulimia nervosa (Eating too much). Due to the severity and widespread of the Covid-19 pandemic, majority of the public around the world underwent lockdown or at least some degree of social distancing. Previous studies has indicated the potential correlation between change in eating disorder and stress, anxiety and depression, in this paper I am focused on the studying change in eating disorder related behavior and thought during vs before the Covid-19 pandemic and discussing other factors that might correlate to increase in eating disorder behavior. The result from 4 review studies and independent survey shows an overall increase in eating disorder behavior in general population during the Covid-19 pandemic. People with underlying condition for eating disorder also shows an increase in the symptoms or relapse during this period. This overall increase in eating disorder is also correlated with average increase in major negative mood such as anxiety, stress and depression during Covid-19 lockdown. Other summarized potential factors that cause this increase in eating disorder also include increase in social media use and lack in exercise.
ON THE FUNCTIONS OF ANTONOMASIA IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE

Political discourse carried out with powerful linguistic and extralinguistic means is utterly linked with the usage of antonomasia. In fact, it is the language of politicians used as a tool to manipulate the audience. Political speech is not necessarily a success because of its correctness or truth, rather it may be a matter of persuading valid arguments. Political discourse as a teaching and persuasive, impressive and effective speech is one of the means to give solutions to the most important problems of constructing optimal speech interchange varying from political negotiations to orations and appeals (including the ones in the mass media). It is a well-known fact that the audience of politicians is very large, and their aim is to make the audience believe or agree with them, accept their viewpoints or at least share their approaches to the solutions of these or those problems. In this regard the role of proper utilization of antonomasia in political discourse becomes of utmost importance as it presupposes the realization of a particular language function in terms of the politician’s intention to send the necessary information to his audience, either readers or listeners. In the scope of the present article we focus on the study of the functions of antonomasia in political discourse and apply the methods of observation, discourse analysis, as well as the descriptive and explanatory methods. Hence, in political discourse stylistic devices are frequently used by politicians to carry out this or that particular purpose of utterance and in this connection the usage of antonomasia is not an exception.
Malaguerra: The anti-state super-hero of Sicilian Puppet Theater

Anche se il personaggio e poco conosciuto oggi, Morbello/Malaguerra era famoso in Sicilia e altrove in Italia dalla meta del XIX alla meta del XX secolo. Questo saggio si concentra sulle sue vicissitudini in stampa (Storia dei Paladini di Francia) e nell’opera dei pupi, ma anche sulla diffusione del suo nome e sulle sue avventure fuori Sicilia, sia nel maggio epico del Nord Italia che nei copioni di un puparo catanese attivo a New York City. Poiche Malaguerra contesta ripetutamente le ingiustizie perpetrate dai potenti, la sua storia ci ricorda che l'opera dei pupi non era semplicemente una soap opera cavalleresca per le masse prima della televisione, ma poteva essere un veicolo per esprimere un atteggiamento critico verso lo Stato sotto la copertura di drammatizzazioni epiche medievali e rinascimentali. Puo darsi, infatti, che il suo sottofondo politico sia stato un motivo della sua popolarita sia nell'Italia meridionale che tra gli immigrati italiani nei centri urbani del Nuovo Mondo. Piu in generale, il saggio intende contribuire alla discussione delle ideologie politiche nel genere epico cavalleresco, soprattutto nel contesto della cultura popolare italiana.
Neuroendocrine and Neuroimmune Correlates of Narcolepsy

The term “narcolepsy” originated in 1880 when it was first described as a pathological condition characterized by irresistible episodes of sleep of short duration.1 In the 1930s, Daniels (as cited in Guilleminault)1 introduced the clinical “tetrad” known today as cataplexy, sleep paralysis (SP), and hypnagogic hallucinations (HH) that are included in the clinical definition of narcolepsy. Cataplexy is a sudden loss of muscle tone, typically elicited by strong emotion: laughter, joking or anger. The muscles involved may be inconsequential, such as a fluttering of the cheeks, or functionally significant, as in the case of whole body muscle atonia resulting in complete body collapse. Sleep paralysis is the inability to move either upon falling asleep or upon awakening
The Empirical Judiciary

This essay reviews David L. Faigman’s Constitutional Fictions: A Unified Theory of Constitutional Facts (Oxford U.P. 2008). Constitutional Fictions is a highly original book that promises to (and should) have an enormous impact on both constitutional law scholarship and practice. The book focuses on the methods, or lack thereof, that the Court employs in receiving evidence and resolving disagreements about questions of fact in constitutional cases. In doing so, the book does the legal profession an invaluable service by identifying and articulating the many frequently unspoken questions that arise in the context of judicial consideration and resolution of legislative facts in constitutional cases. The book also documents the largely unremarked ubiquity of these questions, the wide variety of circumstances in which they occur, and the depth of the theoretical issues they implicate. Professor Faigman accomplishes all this in crisp, lucid, and admirably concise prose. Nor could Professor Faigman’s book be more timely. Several of the Roberts Court’s most salient and controversial constitutional decisions have turned on questions of legislative fact. Constitutional Fictions treats an important topic with impressive insight. But it will not be the last word on the subject. When Constitutional Fictions finally comes round to normative and prescriptive analysis of the status quo, Faigman shies away from the broader implications of his critique. After reviewing Professor Faigman’s arguments, this review essay explores how alternative analyses might compel more sweeping changes than he suggests.
Winner-takes-all associative memory: a Hamming distance vector quantizer

We present a design methodology for mapping neuraly inspired algorithms for vector quantization, into VLSI hardware. We describe the building blocks used: memory cells, current conveyors, and translinear circuits. We use the basic building blocks to design an associative processor for bit-pattern classification; a high-density memory based neuromorphic processor. Operating in parallel, the single chip system determines the closest match, based on the Hamming distance, between an input bit pattern and multiple stored bit templates; ties are broken arbitrarily. Energy efficient processing is achieved through a precision-on-demand architecture. Scalable storage and processing is achieved through a compact six transistor static RAM cell/ALU circuit. The single chip system is programmable for template sets of up to 124 bits per template and can store up to 116 templates (total storage capacity of 14 Kbits). An additional 604 bits of auxiliary storage is used for pipelining and fault tolerance re-configuration capability. A fully functional 6.8 mm by 6.9 mm chip has been fabricated in a standard single–poly, double–metal 2.0µmn–well CMOS process.
One Step Forward, Two Giant Steps Back: How the ‘Existing Indian Family’ Exception (Re)Imposes Anglo American Legal Values on American Indian Tribes to the Detriment of Cultural Autonomy

This article describes the profound changes to American Indian kinship and social structures caused when European and Anglo American legal norms were imposed on American Indian tribes without respect for Indian culture or values. Although these sovereign nations were entitled to self-determination, they were for centuries subjected to laws crafted without their input or representation. This article takes the position that law should come from within a culture to ensure that it reflects that culture's values and permits it to flourish in its own way. When law is imposed by outsiders, it becomes a means of colonization, forcing one group to conform to another culture's expectations and beliefs. This process can be seen in the relationship of United States law to American Indian tribes-a relationship in which tribes were placed under the control of a legal system that all too often failed to incorporate or reflect tribal values.Thirty years ago, Congress took one step forward to rectify this history. Recognizing the tribes' right to cultural autonomy, Congress permitted American Indians to bring their own cultural norms to the table and have them recognized in laws such as the Indian Child Welfare Act. But that progress has been short-lived. State courts have thwarted ICWA's full potential through the judicially created “existing Indian family exception,” which denies ICWA application in defiance of the Act's plain language, Supreme Court precedent, and congressional intent. Under this exception, tribes are once again being subjected to laws that regulate and define Indian family and social life without benefit of the tribes' input. To remedy this, I propose that Congress must act to halt the states' grab, so that ICWA lives up to its promise to permit the tribes to control their own cultural futures.
Direct generation of electricity from sludges and other liquid wastes

Recently it has been shown that electrical energy can be harvested from marine sediments, simply by connection of an electrode (anode) in anaerobic marine sediments to an electrode in the aerobic zone above the sediments. We have now shown that similar applications are available in sludge treatment. Using a reactor with graphite foil electrodes in an aerated aerobic and anaerobic sludge zone, electrical current was generated, and enhanced when an additional organic substrate (acetate) was added. Electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and PCR examination of the anode surface showed no surface colonization and no increase in Geobacter relative to a control, indicating that microbial use of the anode as an electron acceptor was indirect through the use of redox mediators. Given the demonstration of electricity generation from sludge, the potential for similar applications, using other organic waste sources, is evaluated.
A User-Centered Perspective on Information Technologies in Museums

Information Technology (IT) has been put forth as a reasonable way to sustain visitor interest and encourage visit repetition in museums. Therefore, IT is becoming more common in museum settings and professionals express their need for more information about how their visitors interact with these systems. This dissertation is an attempt to answer this call. We propose three essays that deal with different aspects of museums and IT from a user-centered perspective. The first essay is an attempt to determine with a free simulation experiment how IT and more particularly websites can arouse interest for museological content. The second essay relies on a field study to analyze the influence of IT on affective and cognitive reactions during a museum visit, namely perceived enjoyment, perceived authenticity and learning. In the third essay, we use focus groups and questionnaires to explore visitor expectations towards a phenomenological experience and the role played by IT in visitor experience of the past. This dissertation contributes to research by (1) advancing our knowledge of IT dedicated to the cultural heritage area, and (2) identifying and understanding visitor perceptions of hedonic systems. By proposing a set of key dimensions that could be used for IT evaluation in the cultural heritage, this dissertation also offers actionable advices to museum professionals
New Student Belonging Needs and the Transition to College

The paper reviews how belonging status can affect new college students' experiences. Feelings of belonging are associated with integration into the campus community, while feelings of not belonging can lead to multiple negative ramifications. Recommendations for student affairs professionals to address belonging needs of new or transitioning students are presented.
A simulation-based approach to integrated performance and reliability modeling using VHDL

This paper presents a methodology which creates a single-path design environment based on a hardware description language (HDL). This methodology allows high-level performance and reliability modeling to be performed using the same HDL and simulation environment as used to perform detailed design. The approach is based on a set of building blocks which allows the system designer to describe the performance, functional, and reliability characteristics of the system in a very efficient and intuitive fashion. Simulatable-Failure-Modes-and-Effects-Analysis (SFMEA) is also supported. In fact, the significant advantage of the approach is that the same modeling language and environment can be used from conceptual design to implementation, thus avoiding the need to translate among different Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools. The specific HDL employed is the VHSIC (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit) hardware description language (VHDL), which is an IEEE standard (IEEE 1076). The paper discusses the methodology under development and its application to the design and analysis of real-time, fault-tolerant systems. >
Neutron and Gamma Radiography of UO2 and Triga Fuel Elements

The Oregon State TRIGA Reactor neutron radiography facility has been used to produce both neutron and gamma radiographs of reactor fuel. In this paper a comparison of the applicability of neutron and gamma radiography to both UO2 fuel pins and TRIGA fuel elements is made.