cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Energy Utilization During Blanching (Water vs Steam) of Sweet Corn and Subsequent Frozen Quality

A counter-flow water blancher required 44% less steam to blanch corn than a conventional steam tunnel blancher. On an hourly steam consumption basis, the counter-flow water blancher was 31% more efficient than the steam blancher. Total product yield was 1.5% greater with the steam blancher than with the counter-flow water blancher. Drip loss of the corn was greater with the counter-flow water blancher than with the steam blancher, but moisture content of the corn was also greater. Yellow color was darker for the counter-flow water blanched corn than the steam blanched. The use of the counter-flow water blancher to blanch corn resulted in substantial energy savings with little or no difference in quality when compared to the steam blanched product.
Measuring outcomes in Alzheimer's disease.

The premise underlying the implementation of any intervention aimed at changing behavioral or other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is that the change will be beneficial in some manner for the patient and the benefits will outweigh any negative consequences that may simultaneously result from the intervention. Consequently, the ultimate task of investigators studying the impact of proposed interventions is to identify and measure the benefit that stems from the intervention, as well as any negative effects. When interventions are intended to create organic changes, as is traditionally true with pharmacologic interventions, the identification of relevant outcomes is made relatively simple through indicators of organic functioning. However, when intended changes are behavioral, the identification of appropriate outcomes is far more complex. An individual's behavior ultimately has an impact on all the actors within his or her social setting, directly or indirectly. Furthermore, changes in an individual's behavior may have an impact on other persons in such a way that these secondary changes feed back to further influence the initial target individual. Hence, it is likely that the most appropriate study designs for assessing the impact of interventions aimed at behavioral problems will include multiple outcome measures for multiple actors.
Ferrofluid mediated nanocytometry.

We present a low-cost, flow-through nanocytometer that utilizes a colloidal suspension of non-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for label-free manipulation and separation of microparticles. Our size-based separation is mediated by angular momentum transfer from magnetically excited ferrofluid particles to microparticles. The nanocytometer is capable of rapidly sorting and focusing two or more species, with up to 99% separation efficiency and a throughput of 3 × 104 particles/s per mm2 of channel cross-section. The device is readily scalable and applicable to live cell sorting with biocompatible ferrofluids, offering competitive cytometer performance in a simple and inexpensive package.
Co-Movements in Bid-Ask Spreads and Market Depth

Quoted spreads, quoted depth, and effective spreads move together with market- and industrywide liquidity. After controlling for well-known individual liquidity determinants, such as volatility, volume, and price, we found that common influences remain significant and material. For well-diversified size-based portfolios, more than half the variation in quoted spreads is explained by variations in market average trading costs. Daily movements in the average depth of the market explain more than 80 percent of depth variations in size-based portfolios.
Long-term management of Alport syndrome in pediatric patients

Alport syndrome, an important inherited cause of end-stage renal disease, has long been considered an untreatable disorder. That view is changing as a result of treatment studies in experimental animals and human populations. This review describes current management of Alport kidney disease, which is based on early diagnosis and institution of therapy with antagonists of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
What Might Online Delivery Teach Us About Blended Management Education? Prior Perspectives and Future Directions:

Although the term has roots in the training and development literature, blended learning has only recently begun to be studied in management education. This article examines the literatures of blen...
Records and their imaginaries: imagining the impossible, making possible the imagined

This paper argues that the roles of individual and collective imaginings about the absent or unattainable archive and its contents should be explicitly acknowledged in both archival theory and practice. We propose two new terms: impossible archival imaginaries and imagined records. These concepts offer important affective counterbalances and sometimes resistance to dominant legal, bureaucratic, historical and forensic notions of evidence that so often fall short in explaining the capacity of records and archives to motivate, inspire, anger and traumatize. The paper begins with a reflection on how imagined records have surfaced in our own work related to human rights. It then reviews some of the ways in which the concept of the imaginary has been understood by scholarship in other fields. It considers how such interpretations might contribute epistemologically to the phenomenon of impossible archival imaginaries; and it provides examples of what we argue are impossible archival imaginaries at work. The paper moves on to examine specific cases and “archival stories” involving imagined records and contemplate how they can function societally in ways similar to actual records because of the weight of their absence or because of their aspirational nature. Drawing upon threads that run through these cases, we propose definitions of both phenomena that not only augment the current descriptive, analytical and explicatory armaments of archival theory and practice but also open up the possibility of “returning” them (Ketelaar in Research in the archival multiverse. Monash University Press, Melbourne 2015a) as theoretical contributions to the fields from which the cases were drawn.
Peptone-Dextrose Broth for Use in Studies of Antibacterial Activity.

Summary(1) Peptone-Dextrose broth (PD), made with currently available samples of Neo-, Proteose and Pfanstiehl peptones, has failed to support growth of beta hemolytic streptococcus strain C 203 at the elevated incubation temperatures which are required for demonstration of bactericidal activity with low concentrations of sulfanilamide. (2) A modified PD broth containing 2.0% Tryptose and 0.1% Pfanstiehl peptones together with 0.2% dextrose and 0.5% sodium chloride buffered at pH 7.2 has been found to be satisfactory for use in studies of bactericidal activity. (3) Results obtained with this modified broth confirmed the conclusions previously drawn in regard to the critical relationship between temperature and the bactericidal activity of sulfanilamide.
Local Sales Tax Earmarking and Transportation Outlay

This paper explores the fungibility between earmarked local option sales taxes and general revenue. We predict that as the adjustment costs to the budget grow, there will be less compensation from general revenue. We use national county level data from 1983 to 2004 to examine the effects of local option sales taxes earmarked for transportation (LOST-T). We find that counties with LOST-T spend more on transportation: a one percentage point increase in the LOST-T rate increases per capita transportation outlay by $40. This is an important result, shedding light on the impact of earmarked taxes which has been inconclusive in the literature.
Development of Lightning Location System Based on Power Information Network

The paper introduces the necessity of establishing Lightning Location System(LLS) and its principles and development.Former LLS can't meet the demand of lightning data application because of its inherent defects.The LLS based on power information network employs intranet as transmission mode of lightning signals,instead of microwave and transmission lines.The new system is based on GIS platform,and shares data and resources with other systems.Web mode enhances the usability of system functions greatly and realizes the maximized application of lightning data.
Turbulence in Electron-Hole Plasma in Ge

Helical instabilities in an electron-hole plasma in Ge in parallel dc electric and magnetic fields exhibit chaotic behavior. The observed behavior includes period doubling and quasiperiodic transitions to weak turbulence (i.e., chaos). The turbulent behavior is shown to correspond to motion on a strange attractor, the fractal dimension of which varies between 2 and 3 with the degree of excitation.
Management of Urinary Fistulas after Renal Transplantation

AbstractUrinary fistulas developed In 13 of 134 patients after renal transplantation. Bladder fistulas originating from the anterior suture line in 6 patients were satisfactorily managed by urethral or paravesical drainage. Fistulas arising from the donor ureter were best treated by surgical repair using the recipient’s own ureter. Caliceal fistulas in 3 patients were successfully treated with nephrostomy drainage. A favorable outcome was achieved in 11 of the 13 patients, with closure of the fistula and preservation of renal function.
THE SCIENCE OF KNEE LIGAMENT BALANCE

Background Despite the success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) restoration of normal function is often not achieved. Soft tissue balance is a major factor for poor outcomes including malalignment, instability, excessive wear, and subluxation. Computer navigation and robotic-assisted systems have increased the accuracy of prosthetic component placement. On the other hand, soft tissue balancing remains an art, relying on a qualitative feel for the balance of the knee, and is developed over years of practice Several instruments are available to assist surgeons in estimating soft tissue balance. However, mechanical devices only measure the joint space in full extension and at 90° flexion. Further, because of lack of comprehensive characterization of the ligament balance of healthy knees, surgeons do not have quantitative guidelines relating the stability of an implanted to that of the normal knee. This study measures the ligament balance of normal knees and tests the accuracy of two mechanical distraction instruments and an electronic distraction instrument. Methods Cadaver specimens were mounted on a custom knee rig and on the AMTI VIVO which replicated passive kinematics. A six-axis load cell and an infrared tracking system was used to document the kinematics and the forces acting on the knee. Dynamic knee laxity was measured under 10Nm of varus/valgus moment, 10Nm of axial rotational moment, and 200N of AP shear. Measurements were repeated after transecting the anterior cruciate ligament, after TKA, and after transecting the posterior cruciate ligament. The accuracy and reproducibility of two mechanical and one electronic distraction device was measured. Results The maximum passive varus laxity measured over the range of flexion was 6.4°(±2.0) and maximum passive valgus laxity was 2.6°(±0.7), ( p p The stiffness of the mechanical and electronic distractors was very linear over a distraction range of 0 to 6mm. At forces ranging from 40N to 120N, the accuracy and repeatability of the mechanical distractors was within 1mm, and that of the dynamic electronic distractor was 0.2mm. The electronic distractor measured the varus of the tibial cut and the distal femoral cut within 0.5°, and the rotation of the posterior femoral cut within 0.7° of surgical navigation measurements. Conclusions The dynamic electronic distraction device was significantly more accurate than mechanical instruments and measured knee balance over the entire range of flexion. The stiffness of the normal knee was distinctly different in varus and valgus. The standard recommendation for equal medial and lateral gaps under distraction may have to be revisited. Combining implant design improvements with sophisticated balancing instruments is likely to make a significant impact on improving function after total knee arthroplasty.
Glaucoma Risk Alleles in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study.

Purpose Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a major cause of blindness and visual disability. Several genetic risk factors for POAG and optic nerve features have been identified. We measured the relative risk for glaucoma that these factors contribute to participants in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS). Design Comparative series. Participants One thousand fifty-seven of 1636 participants (65%) of the OHTS were enrolled in this genetics ancillary study. Methods Samples of DNA were available from 1057 OHTS participants. Of these, 209 developed POAG (cases) and 848 did not develop glaucoma (controls) between 1994 and 2009. The frequencies of 13 risk alleles previously associated with POAG or with optic disc features in other cohorts were compared between POAG cases and controls in the OHTS cohort using analyses of variance. The 2 largest subgroups, non-Hispanic whites (n = 752; 70.7%) and blacks (n = 249, 23.7%), also were analyzed separately. The probability of glaucoma developing over the course of the OHTS was compared between participants stratified for transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 ( TMCO1 ) risk alleles using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses. Main Outcome Measures Association of POAG with known genetic factors. Results No association was detected between the known POAG risk alleles when the OHTS cohort was examined as a whole. However, in the subgroup of non-Hispanic whites, allele frequencies at the TMCO1 locus were statistically different between cases and controls ( P = 0.00028). By 13 years, non-Hispanic white participants with TMCO1 risk alleles had a 12% higher cumulative frequency of glaucoma developing than participants with no TMCO1 risk alleles. Moreover, the Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that TMCO1 alleles increased relative risk comparable with that of some previously analyzed clinical measures (i.e., intraocular pressure). Conclusions The size of the OHTS cohort and its composition of 2 large racial subgroups may limit its power to detect some glaucoma risk factors. However, TMCO1 genotype was found to increase the risk of glaucoma developing among non-Hispanic whites, the largest racial subgroup in the OHTS cohort, at a magnitude similar to clinical predictors of disease that long have been associated with glaucoma.
A Multi Scale Approach for Analysis of Fiber Reinforced Composites

Abstract Fiber reinforced polymer resin composite materials are finding wide variety of applications in automotive and aerospace industry because of their high specific stiffness and specific strengths when compared to metals. New class of 2D and 3D textile and woven fabric composites offer excellent fracture toughness as they bridge the cracks formed during fracture. Due to complexity of their fiber architectures and its resulting composite microstructures, optimized design and analysis of these structures is very complicated. A traditional homogenization approach is typically used to analyze structures made up of these materials. This approach usually fails to predict damage initiation as well as damage propagation and ultimate failure of structure made up of woven and textile composites. This study demonstrates a methodology to analyze woven and textile composites by using the multi-level multi-scale modelling approach.In this approach, a geometric repetitive unit cell (RUC) is developed with all its constituents to develop a representative volume element (RVE) with all its constituents and their interaction modeled correctly. The structure is modeled based on the RUC/RVE and analyzed at different length scales with desired levels of fidelity incorporating the damage and failure. The results are passed across (up and down) the scales qualitatively as well as quantitatively from the perspective of material, configuration and architecture.
Felony Animal Cruelty Laws in New York

In 1997, Chester Williamson committed an act of murder. He approached Buster, soaked him in kerosene, lit a match, then proceeded to burn Buster alive. Chesterrs punishment for these heinous acts was not jail, but he was sentenced to three years of probation. Chester was prosecuted in the New YorknCourt system and found guilty of a mere misdemeanor. Whynwas Chesterrs punishment so minor? Because Buster was a cat.nIn 2008, the Animal Legal Defense Fund...
Indians Illustrated: The Image of Native Americans in the Pictorial Press

By John M. CowardUrbana: University of Illinois Press, 2016, 228 pp.In Indians Illustrated, John Coward critically analyzes hundreds of images, captions, and stories between the mid-1850s and 1890s...
Declines revisited: Long-term recovery and spatial population dynamics of tailed frog larvae after wildfire

Abstract Drought has fueled an increased frequency and severity of large wildfires in many ecosystems. Despite an increase in research on wildfire effects on vertebrates, the vast majority of it has focused on short-term ( Ascaphus montanus ) in 2001. Surveys during 2004–2005 revealed reduced abundance of larvae in burned streams relative to unburned streams, with greater declines associated with increased fire extent. Rocky Mountain tailed frogs have low vagility and have several unusual life-history traits that could slow population recovery, including an extended larval period (4 years), delayed sexual maturity (6–8 years), and low fecundity ( 58% within 12 years after the fire. We also found moderate synchrony among populations in unburned streams and negative spatial autocorrelation among populations in burned streams. We suspect negative spatial autocorrelation among spatially-clustered burned streams reflected increased post-fire patchiness in resources and different rates of local recovery. Our results add to a growing body of work that suggests populations in intact ecosystems tend to be resilient to habitat changes caused by wildfire. Our results also provide important insights into recovery times of populations that have been negatively affected by severe wildfire.
Comprehending the Connection of Things: Bernhard Riemann and the Architecture of Mathematical Concepts

This chapter is an essay on the conceptual nature of Riemann’s thinking and its impact, as conceptual thinking, on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. In order to fully appreciate the revolutionary nature of this thinking and of Riemann’s practice of mathematics, one must, this chapter argues, rethink the nature of mathematical or scientific concepts in Riemann and beyond. The chapter will attempt to do so with the help of Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of philosophical concept. The chapter will argue that a fundamentally analogous concept of concept is also applicable in mathematics and science, specifically and most pertinently to Riemann, in physics, and that this concept is exceptionally helpful and even necessary for understanding Riemann’s thinking and practice, and creative mathematical and scientific thinking and practice in general.
“Super” Green: Sustainable Superheroes Tackle the Environment

This chapter examines themes of sustainability in three “superhero” films: Iron Man 2 , The Avengers , and Batman: The Dark Knight Rises . The origins and defining characteristics of superhero films are provided while recognizing the superhero form as a subset of the “action blockbuster.” The three films are analyzed in concert for themes relating to Rutherford’s concept of technopia , recognizing that these texts are less focused on defining environmental problems as much as they emphasize finding the right “solutions .”
Battery-degradation model based on the ANN regression function for EV applications

Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most widely used form of energy storage in electric vehicles. They have a high vitality thickness with a potential for higher limits, they don't need prolonged priming when they're new. However, they're subject to aging rapidly even when they aren't being used. Being able to predict the life expectancy of these batteries can prove to be beneficial in order to see the limitations of using them in vehicles. However, continuous use of these batteries eventually leads to a shorter and shorter battery life. The goal of this work is to implement ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Prediction Model to connect between various characteristics of this battery type. ANN-Predictive model is implemented, trained, and tested based on empirical samples, improved Thevenin model, and MATLAB codes. This neural model can anticipate values in — between learning values, likewise make introduction between expectations to learn and adapt information at different qualities. Arithmetical nonlinear capacities which, interfaces amongst information sources and yields for neural systems with its related Simulink model are concluded. This is done keeping in mind the end goal to help any scientist without the need of preparing the neural system each time. This model' sources of information are: the Time and SOC (State-of-Charging). Its yields are: Average Degradation Function (ADF), Degradation Density Function (DDF), Cycle Life L(x), Depth of Discharge (DoD) and Capacity rate. It contains two layers, one covered up with log-sig capacity and 10 neurons; and second layer has pure-line work with 5 neurons. The electric vehicle technology and its associated storage devices can help the humanitarian to go beyond cutting edge technology and help small villages. One day, the electric vehicles will be the next cell phone where everyone will have one. Final presentation includes characteristics, regression, comparisons and Lithium-ion battery ANN curves.
Quantum Deformations of SLn/B and its Schubert Varieties

In this paper, we prove the results announced in [L-R] for G = SLn. Let G be a simple algebraic group over the base field k. Let M be a maximal torus in G and B, a Borel subgroup, B ⊃ M. Let W be the Weyl group of G. For w ∈ W, let X(w) = \(\overline {BwB} \) (mod B) be the Schubert variety in G/B associated to w. Let L be an ample line bundle on G/B. We shall denote the restriction of L to X(w) also by just L. Let k[X(w)] = ⊙ H0(X(w),L). In this paper, we construct an algebra kq [X(w)] over k(q), where q is a parameter taking values in k*, as a quantization of k[X(w)], G being SLn. The algebra k q [SL n ]: Let G = SLn. Let T = (tij), 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n. Let Let $$R = \sum\limits_{\mathop {i \ne j}\limits_{i,j = 1} }^n {{e_{ii}}} { \otimes _{jj}} + q\sum\limits_{i \ne i}^n {{e_{ii}}} \otimes {e_{ii}} + \left( {q - {q^{ - 1}}} \right)\sum\limits_{1j < in} {{e_{ij}}} \otimes {e_{ji}}$$ (here, eij’s are the elementary matrices). Let A(R) be the associative algebra (with 1) generated by {tij, 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n}, the relations being given by RT1T2 = T2T1R, where T1 = T ⊗ Id, T2 = Id ⊗ T (cf. [F-R-T]). Then A(R) gives a quantization of k[Mn], Mn being the space of n × n matrices and k[Mn], the coordinate ring of Mn. Now A(R) has a bialgebra structure, then comultiplication being given by Δ: A(R) → A(R) ⊗ A(R), \(\Delta = \left( {{t_{ij}}} \right) = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{t_{ik}}} \otimes {t_{kj}}\) In the sequel, we shall denote A(R) by kq [Mn]. Let $$D = \sum\limits_{\sigma \in {s_n}}^n {{t_{ik}}} {\left( { - q} \right)^{ - l{{\left( \sigma \right)}_t}}}1\sigma {\left( 1 \right)^t}2\sigma {\left( 2 \right)^{...}}n\sigma \left( n \right)$$ . we shall refer to D as the q-determinant (or the quantum determinant) of (tij).
Cellular Viability Imaging with DLS-OCT

DLS-OCT is tested to serve as a means to image the cellular viability with a single-cell resolution in mouse retinal tissue. Multiple metrics have been tested for representation of cellular or tissue viability, including intensity signal, decorrelation, and diffusion coefficient.
Spin State and Stereochemistry

This chapter discusses the relationship between the electronic structure of a metal center and the stereochemistry of its coordination sphere. Using molecular orbital theory, the splitting of the d-based molecular orbitals is deduced, showing the different effects that both ligand and metal have over the energy gap. Rules for the stereochemical preferences associated with the spin state are shown for different coordination numbers, with emphasis on the stereospin isomerism. Unusual spin states associated with geometrical distortions and with ligands of different donor nature are also discussed.
Designing Future Materials with Desired Properties Using Numerical Analysis

The swift advancement of the computer power and the recent advances in the numerical techniques, and improved strength and failure material models, resulted in accurate simulation of manufacturing processes and events, such as stress optimization during lamination process of polymers and impact into multi-layer opaque and transparent armor configurations. Parametric analysis of materials of known material models can contribute to the development of future materials. The systematic numerical analysis of the effect of material properties, such as modulus of elasticity, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, on the performance of various systems can provide researchers and manufacturers crucial design information for the technologies of the future. This paper presents the modeling efforts at U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) to develop a correlation between failure mechanisms and the material properties obtained experimentally leading to future materials technologies for personnel protection.
14-OR : CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF DONOR SPECIFIC HLA ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH FUNCTIONING RENAL ALLOGRAFTS AFTER MORE THAN TEN YEARS POST TRANSPLANTATION

Aim To determine the incidence and clinical significance of donor specific antibodies (DSA) in renal allograft recipients with functioning grafts after more than 10 years post-transplantation. Methods HLA antibody screening and identification were performed using One Lambda Single Antigen Bead (SAB) assay. Antibody capacity to fix complement was tested using the C1q assay (One Lambda). Results Serum samples were obtained from 182 recipients (mean age 43, female 35%, re-transplants 10%, live donor transplants 52%) with functioning grafts after more than 10 years post-transplantation (median time from transplantation 14 yrs, range 10-32 years). All recipients had a negative CDC crossmatch at the time of transplantation. After >10 years post-transplantation, 47% of the patients showed no evidence of sensitization to HLA antigens (cPRA ⩽ 10%, Ab-), 26% displayed cPRA > 10% in the absence of DSA (Ab+DSA-), and 25% displayed cPRA > 10% with DSA (Ab+DSA+). DSA directed to HLA class I, class II or both were identified in 9%, 14% and 2% of patients, respectively. The antibodies most frequently observed were directed to donor DQ antigens (8% of patients). To determine whether DSA had the capacity to bind complement, DSA+ sera were tested using the C1q assay. C1q binding DSA were observed in 47% of the DSA containing sera. Current serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in the Ab+DSA+ group compared to Ab- or Ab+DSA- group. However, there was no difference between creatinine levels in patients with C1q versus non-C1q binding DSA [ Table 1 ]. Conclusions These results indicate that there is a close correlation between DSA detected late post-transplantation and graft function. Thus, DSA monitoring may assist in the long term management of renal transplant recipients and identifies patients with DSA who should not be considered for reduction in immunosuppression.
Environmental impact of highway construction and repair materials on surface and ground waters. Case study: crumb rubber asphalt concrete

The practice of incorporating certain waste products into highway construction and repair materials (CRMs) has become more popular. These practices have prompted the National Academy of Science, National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) to research the possible impacts of these CRMs on the quality of surface and ground waters. State department of transportations (DOTs) are currently experimenting with use of ground tire rubber ( crumb rubber) in bituminous construction and as a crack sealer. Crumb rubber asphalt concrete (CR-AC) leachates contain a mixture of organic and metallic contaminants. Benzothiazole and 2(3H)-benzothiazolone (organic compounds used in tire rubber manufacturing) and the metals mercury and aluminum were leached in potentially harmful concentrations (exceeding toxic concentrations for aquatic toxicity tests). CR-AC leachate exhibited moderate to high toxicity for algae ( Selenastrum capriconutum) and moderate toxicity for water fleas ( Daphnia magna). Benzothiazole was readily removed from CR-AC leachate by the environmental processes of soil sorption, volatilization, and biodegradation. Metals, which do not volatilize or photochemically or biologically degrade, were removed from the leachate by soil sorption. Contaminants from CR-AC leachates are thus degraded or retarded in their transport through nearby soils and ground waters.
Patient Safety In Inpatient Psychiatry: A Remaining Frontier For Health Policy

Behavioral health care has been slow to take up robust efforts to improve patient safety. This lag is especially apparent in inpatient psychiatry, where there is risk for physical and psychological harm. Recent investigative journalism has provoked public concern about instances of alleged abuse, negligence, understaffing, sexual assault, inappropriate medication use, patient self-harm, poor sanitation, and inappropriate restraint and seclusion. However, empirical evidence describing the scope of unsafe experiences is limited. While evidence-based inpatient psychiatry requires care to be trauma-informed, market failures and a lack of payment alignment with patient-centered care leave patients vulnerable to harm. Existing regulatory mechanisms attempt to provide accountability; however, these mechanisms are imperfect. Furthermore, research is sparse. Few health services researchers study inpatient psychiatry, the issue has not been a priority among research funders, and data on inpatient psychiatry is excl...
High-Speed, Directly-Modulated Widely Tunable 1310 nm Coupled Cavity Laser Via Multimode Interference

We discuss the design and demonstration of a widely tunable laser operating at 1310 nm with ∼38 nm tuning range, >35 dB side-mode-suppression-ratio (SMSR), and output powers of ∼3 mW per tuning wavelength. Greater than 50 channels are demonstrated on a material platform that consists of In0.70Al0.17Ga0.13As multiple quantum wells (MQW) and Al0.52In0.48As electron stop layers for high temperature operation. Various single-side facet power wall-plug-efficiency (WPE) values of 8–1% are reported for operating temperatures of 30–70 °C, respectively. We compare theoretical and experimental data on the impact that multi-mode-interference (MMI) coupling coefficient values have on SMSR. We also discuss the integration of on-chip mode-converters to facilitate low-loss edge coupling to silicon photonic integrated circuits (Si-PICs). Directly-modulated, small-signal frequency measurements show 3-dB modulation bandwidths up to 14 GHz. The absence of epitaxial re-growth and lithographically demanding sub-wavelength gratings lends itself to high operating temperature, reliable and low-cost tunable light sources with device sizes of ∼400 μm × 300 μm.
Abstract 253: Talk to Me About Your Medication Nonadherence: Stories from Older Adults with Heart Failure

Background: More than half of all heart failure (HF) patients do not take medications as prescribed, resulting in substantial negative health outcomes. Research has shown that medication adherence ...
Polymer-Thickened Oil Rheology When There Is No Second Newtonian

The recent development of quantitative elastohydrodynamics makes the accurate description of the temperature, pressure, and shear dependence of viscosity extremely important. It has been customary for tribologists to expect a second Newtonian plateau to appear in any flow curve for a polymer-blended lubricant and, since viscometers at ambient pressure cannot reach such a plateau, procedures have been suggested to extrapolate to a second Newtonian from commercial high-shear viscometer data. Two examples of oils, characterized in pressurized thin-film Couette viscometers, are presented for which there is no second Newtonian. Extrapolation from ambient-pressure high-shear viscometer data, by fixing the second Newtonian viscosity at the viscosity of the base oil, is not useful. Apparently, the second Newtonian will not appear when the base oil begins to shear thin at the shear stress for which the second Newtonian inflection might appear.
Bilingual is At Least Monolingual (BALM): A Novel Translation Algorithm that Encodes Monolingual Priors.

State-of-the-art machine translation (MT) models do not use knowledge of any single language's structure; this is the equivalent of asking someone to translate from English to German while knowing neither language. BALM is a framework incorporates monolingual priors into an MT pipeline; by casting input and output languages into embedded space using BERT, we can solve machine translation with much simpler models. We find that English-to-German translation on the Multi30k dataset can be solved with a simple feedforward network under the BALM framework with near-SOTA BLEU scores.
Dynamic Repair of Mission-Critical Applications with Runtime Snap-Ins

This chapter proposes a solution that provides reliable, non-disruptive updates to critical systems using a novel design pattern called a “snap-in,” which is able to install replacement routines embedded in shared libraries during system execution. Most system updates are performed in a static or maintenance state. However, dynamically updating software reduces the time required for adding functionality and applying security upgrades. The proposed snap-in solution improves on previous work by adopting the novel approach of using the target’s application binary interface to first load shared libraries that contain replacement routines into a running application, supplanting the original routines with replacement routines without having to modify the existing code. An automated toolkit is provided for scanning application binaries and determining where the replacement routines are to be added.
Randomized Feasibility Study of Meditative Practices in Hospitalized Cancer Patients

Introduction: There is limited research regarding the benefits of mind-body practices such as meditation in hospitalized patients with an active diagnosis of any cancer type. Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, clinical trial (NCT03445572) comparing 2 meditative practices-Isha Kriya (IK) and meditative slow breathing (MSB)-versus wait-list controls in hospitalized cancer patients. Our aim was to determine the feasibility of meditation practice in cancer inpatients. Feasibility was defined as recruitment of more than 50% of the eligible patients approached and at least 60% of the patients having meditated at least 4 days by day 7. Acceptability was assessed on day 7 as a positive response on at least 2 questions on the modified Global Symptom Evaluation (GSE) scale. Results: Forty patients (39% of the eligible patients approached) consented to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to the MSB (n = 13), IK (n = 14), or wait-list (n = 13) groups. Of the 27 patients assigned to receive MSB and IK meditations, day 7 data were available for 18 patients. Fifteen of the 18 patients meditated at least once in the first 7 days, and most (12/15) responded positively on the GSE. Conclusion: Both IK and MSB meditations were acceptable among the hospitalized cancer patients. Feasibility for enrollment and practice was likely not achieved due to limited uninterrupted time for daily meditation, high levels of morbidity in some participants, and limited research staff support. Shorter term outcomes should be explored in future meditation studies involving hospitalized cancer patients.
The molecular basis of plant cell transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Crown gall is an uncontrolled proliferation of tumor cells incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens on most dicotyledonous plants. To accomplish this, the bacterium transfers and integrates a portion (the T-region) of its tumor inducing (Ti) plasmid into plant nuclear DNA (1,2,3,4). The transferred DNA (T-DNA) is expressed in the transformed cell and encodes enzymes involved in the synthesis of amino acid condensation products called opines (5,6,7,8,9,10). This paper will report data which suggest that T-DNA alos encodes genes which specify the synthesis... also encode the synthesis of the phytohormones, Indole acetic acid, Isopentenyl adenosine, Isopentenyl adenosine 5 monophosphate, and Isopentenyl adenine.
Public health nurses' workforce factors and population health outcomes in the United States.

Objectives (a) To examine associations between public health nurse (PHN) workforce factors (PHNs' highest education and PHNs' mean years of employment) and health-risk behaviors (smoking and physical inactivity rates), and (b) to investigate the associations between PHN workforce factors and premature mortality rates across all counties of the United States. Design Secondary analysis. Sample A total of 5,705 PHNs from the 2015 National Nursing Workforce Survey and 2,977 U.S. counties from the 2016 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps data were included. Methods Multilevel linear regression was used. Results Bachelor's, and master's or doctorate-prepared PHNs accounted for 41.5% and 17.0%, respectively. The mean year of employment among PHNs was 17.3. The percentages of PHNs with bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees were significantly associated with decreased physical inactivity rates. The PHNs' mean year of employment was significantly associated with decreased physical inactivity rates and reduced premature age-adjusted mortality rates. Conclusions The findings indicated that PHNs with higher levels of education and more years of employment were important in improving health outcomes (health-risk behavior and premature mortality). Policymakers need to consider strategies to encourage more PHNs to obtain advanced degrees and to retain PHNs longer in the public health field.
Selective H2 sensing using lanthanum doped zinc oxide thin film: A study of temperature dependence H2 sensing effect on carrier reversal activity

In the present work, we have demonstrated a highly sensitive H2 gas sensor using a lanthanum doped ZnO (La_ZnO) thin film operated at 300 °C. Also, a p-type to n-type carrier reversal activity is revealed in the presence of H2 gas species, which predominantly depends on the operating temperature and doping concentration of lanthanum. Pure and La_ZnO (1–10 at. %) thin films were successfully synthesized using a sol-gel route, where a 5 at. % lanthanum doped ZnO thin film shows an outstanding H2 gas sensitivity (400%) among all other samples with an optimized temperature of 300 °C. Moreover, this sensor actively responds to a wide H2 gas concentration (10–500 ppm) with a sensitivity of 0.9 (∼n). Additionally, H2 gas sensing selectivity and mixed gas sensing performance were investigated in the presence of CO and CO2 gas species at optimized temperature (300 °C). Results show that the pure and 1–3 at. % La_ZnO thin films exhibited n-type H2 gas sensing, while p-type sensing behavior was observed for 5% and 10% La_ZnO thin films at 300 °C. It is further observed that O− species are extremely active to CO gas species operating at a high operating temperature (>250 °C). Therefore, despite the emerging p-type behavior of the sensor, the ejected electrons are expected to dominantly reduce the sensor resistance in the presence of CO gas species at 350 °C. The improvement of H2 sensing is further interrelated with the defect levels using Raman spectroscopy.
“A post-anthropocentric politics: Can neo-materialist theory provide effective solutions to the problems of global mining?”

Abstract Even more than the Latourian theory that inspired them, neo-materialist and post-anthropocentric theories have sought to shift history's long-standing focus on human beings towards other organisms and things. These new theories argue for a fundamental reorientation of our understanding of culture—and thus society, economics, politics, etc.—to emphasize the inescapable materiality of all aspects of human existence. This is most easily demonstrated through the human alliances with other biological organisms, yet it is no less the case with abiotic materials such as the minerals and metals we extract from the earth's thin veneer of crust. In this paper, I suggest some of the many ways in which human culture and history have emerged from the mining and processing of minerals and their associated pollutants. But I also seek to squarely engage the oft-raised criticism that neo-materialist and post-anthropocentric theories fail to offer a politics or economic theory adequate to dealing with the many challenges humans now face. I argue that these theories can indeed offer just such a politics. However, they require such a radical post-anthropocentric shift away from conventional modernist thinking on both the left and right that some may dismiss them as chimerical. Given the gravity of the challenges we face, however, I argue that it is the contemporary faith in modernist solutions that is truly chimerical. Despite its radical nature, post-anthropocentrism may thus offer a more practical and realistic way forward.
The Myth of the Cyber Offense: The Case for Cyber Restraint

In the context of recent shifts in cybersecurity policy in the United States, this paper examines the character of cyber conflict through time. Data on cyber actions from 2000 to 2016 demonstrate evidence of a restrained domain with few aggressive attacks that seek a dramatic, decisive impact. Attacks do not beget attacks, nor do they deter them. But if few operations are effective in compelling the enemy and fewer still lead to responses in the domain, why would a policy of offensive operations to deter rival states be useful in cyberspace? We demonstrate that, while cyber operations to date have not been escalatory or particularly effective in achieving decisive outcomes, recent policy changes and strategy pronouncements by the Trump administration increase the risk of escalation while doing nothing to make cyber operations more effective. These changes revolve around a dangerous myth: offense is an effective and easy way to stop rival states from hacking America. New policies for authorizing preemptive offensive cyber strategies risk crossing a threshold and changing the rules of the game.
Equitable AI: Using AI to Achieve Diversity in Admissions

It has been nearly 20 years since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on the use of race/ethnicity, gender, and national origin in university admissions in the University of Michigan cases. It is now 2021 and universities are still struggling with how to diversify their admissions offers within the bounds of the law. In response to this ongoing issue, I created Applications Quest, an equitable AI tool that adheres to the legal use of race, gender, national origin, etc. in admissions and hiring decisions. In this keynote address, I will explain how AI, specifically, Applications Quest, can be used to create equitable recommendations for admissions decisions. I will give a demonstration of how Applications Quest increases diversity compared to admissions committees while achieving the same academic achievement levels as the committee. Given Applications Quest is an unsupervised AI, it has the advantage of ignorance of race/ethnicity, gender, national origin, etc. Therefore, when used in admissions, it provides unbiased recommendations that can be interrogated by human evaluators. Applications Quest is a human-centered AI tool for achieving equity in admissions.
Antitrust Cases in the Financial Services Sector - An Overview of Seminal Hungarian and EU Cases

Article 101 TFEU and Tpvt. 11. § prohibit anti-competitive agreements, concerted practices and decisions of associations of undertakings if they aim or have the effect to restrict, distort or eliminate competition. Our paper, co-written with Botond Horvath, gives an overview of the most important decisions adopted by the EU Commission and the Hungarian Competition Authority of the past five years in Hungary and the EU. After the case summaries we present a brief analysis discussing topics like information exchange, two sided markets, the difference between by object and by effect restrictions of competition.
Pediatric Obesity Treatment via Telehealth: Current Evidence and Future Directions

Telehealth delivery of pediatric weight management interventions may address time, travel, and cost barriers to in-person interventions, thus improving accessibility. This narrative review highlights findings from the past 5 years of pediatric lifestyle interventions for weight management that utilize telehealth for treatment delivery. We describe impressions and future directions. We identified and included 20 studies that described unique interventions from the past 5 years. The majority of reviewed studies indicated statistically significant reductions in BMI z-scores, high retention and attendance, and high satisfaction. However, mean decreases in BMI z-scores were marginal (approximately 0.10) in all but two studies. Studies did not often report effect sizes. Pediatric telehealth weight management interventions demonstrate good feasibility and acceptability. Improvement in reporting results and more rigorous research, including use of randomized designs, recruitment of larger samples, and incorporation of extended follow-up is needed to determine clinical impact and magnitude of effects.
Age at Menopause in Relationship to Lipid Changes and Subclinical Carotid Disease Across 20 Years: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

Background Younger age at final menstrual period (FMP) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease events. This paper evaluated whether older age at FMP is associated with more fav...
Intention to treat versus modified intention-to-treat analysis in B-cell maturation antigen and CD19 chimeric antigen receptor trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract Introduction Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CART) has revolutionised treatment of haematological malignancies; however, current reporting uses a modified intention-to-treat analysis (mITT) which over-estimates efficacy. We assessed what proportion of CD19 and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CART trials report the number of patients not receiving CART after being enrolled by performing meta-analysis of the mITT and intention-to-treat (iTT) overall response rate (ORR). Methods PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched. All prospective clinical trials of CD19 and BCMA-targeting CART enrolling two or greater patients from 1st January 2013 to 1st November 2020 were included. Results A total of 28 BCMA CART and 74 CD19 CART trials were identified. These included 10 BCMA CART (35.7%) and 52 (70.2%) CD19 CART trials reporting total number of patients enrolled and number of patients treated with CART. For this cohort of trials, the mITT ORR for BCMA CART was 78.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 67.0–89.0%), and the iTT ORR was 70.0% (95% CI = 59.0–80.0%). For CD19 leukaemia CART, the mITT ORR was 87.2% (95% CI = 83.1–91.2), and the iTT ORR was 74.9 (95% CI = 64.8–85.0). For CD19 lymphoma CART, the mITT ORR was 70.7% (95% CI = 63.9–77.5), and the iTT ORR was 58.7% (95% CI = 49.7–67.7). Conclusion Across BCMA and CD19 CART trials, there is a difference of up to 8–12% in the ORR between modified and iTT analyses and a paucity of information regarding reasons why patients did not receive the intended study treatment.