cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the mechanism of budding in yeasts and some observations on the structure of the yeast cell.

The ability of yeast cells to reproduce by budding has distinguished them from other fungi as well as from other organisms and the observations presented here show that the mechanism is quite uniqu...
War and Mental Disorder: Some Sociological Considerations

T HERE is a general belief present among the peoples of the Western world which holds that certain major cultural catastrophies, such as war, revolution, and economic crises, play a role in the production of certain forms of mental derangements. This belief has received, as yet, little scientific verification, partly because of certain methodological difficulties present in such an investigation and partly because of the limitations of available data. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate certain difficulties inherent in this problem and, utilizing several different approaches, to propose some hypotheses which might be tested for certain possible relationships between war and mental disorder. In this sense, we are viewing war as an independent variable with the possibility that certain forms of mental disorder, as dependent variables, may bear some functional relationship to it. At the outset, it should be made clear that we are not concerned with the question of the direct influence of warfare in the production of mental diseases and neuroses among those men actively engaged in combat. There is already in existence a voluminous psychiatric literature which treats of this problem and which developed as a result of the first World War., In contrast, the focus of attention in this paper is primarily sociological. We wish to explore the possibility of studying the role of war, viewed as an institutional weapon of society for settling inter-group conflicts, as directly contributing to an increase of certain forms of mental derangement in a given population. While investigations of this problem are almost negligible,2 there are certain analogous studies in the literature. Here, we are referring to those studies which have attempted to show the relationship between war or economic crises and certain types of personality disorganization and deviant social conduct as manifested by criminality, suicide, and divorce or family disintegration.3 We intend to examine some of these studies in order to indicate the approach which has been used in the past to this and other similar problems. Most of these studies have been confined to the computation and analysis of the trend of rates before, during, and after a major war. For example, Rosenbaum,4 in attempting to study the relation between war and crime in the Civil and World War periods, reports an increase of crime following each war and a marked decrease in crime during the war. She concludes that this increase in the crime rate following the war is caused by the breakdown of social controls attendant upon the war period and to the post-war insecurity. Exner,6 in studying this same problem but taking account of the different types of crime, utilizes the same techniques and comes to a similar conclusion regarding the trend of criminality in Austria following the World War. In addition, he finds that crimes against the person decrease while property crimes increase following the war period. In much the same manner, Malzberg,6 in a careful statistical analysis, studied the role of the recent economic crisis as a factor accounting for an in-
Follow the Money: Charter Schools and Financial Accountability

Charter schools are an important and growing part of the nonprofit sector but the financial accountability and governance of the schools have received little attention from regulators or scholars. Highly publicized scandals of nonprofits have sparked strong interest in governance of nonprofits generally and have led to increased regulation. Charter schools receive more than $9 billion in public funds annually and the risk of improper use of that money merits attention. Although the charter school movement and the concerns it raises are national, this article focuses on Philadelphia as an example. In 2011-2012, one quarter of the public school students in Philadelphia attended charter schools. The Philadelphia School District provided $525 million to the 82 charter schools in the city. The vast majority of those schools also received funds from the state and federal governments as well. The District is expecting the percentage of students in charters to increase to forty percent in the near future.The article examines the weaknesses of the existing oversight system which relies primarily on disclosure of information to the School District and other governmental agencies, all of which lack adequate resources to respond effectively to the disclosures. The goal is not to enter the debate about the educational value of charter schools but rather to focus on how the schools fit into the larger debate over governance of nonprofits. Charter schools share the same challenges of overreliance on disclosure instead of enforcement of rules, insufficient education and training of board members, and a lack of transparency. Nineteen Philadelphia charter schools have been the subject of criminal investigations by federal authorities, resulting in seven convictions and one suicide. The article reviews the issues raised by the available documents which raise questions about the salaries of school officials; the complex relationships between many schools and their founding agencies; the widely varying expenditures for legal representation, accounting, and management; and the concerns about conflicts of interest raised in some cases. The article proposes increased funding for oversight, use of more nuanced tools than just revocation of the charter, greater transparency by the schools, and greater emphasis on board training.
Survey on Health Literacy of Occupational Population in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

[Objective] To investigate health literacy status of occupational population in Pudong New Area.[Methods] A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 200 employees in 3 companies from June to August 2011.[Results]The occupational population identified as having health literacy accounted for 14.17%,and the employees with basic health knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and health skills accounted for 19.58%,20.82% and 27.45% respectively.The proportions of having knowledge of scientific concept of health,safety and first aid,infectious disease prevention,basic medical care,and chronic disease prevention were 43.77%,41.10%,23.53%,13.47%,and 7.01% respectively.[Conclusion]The occupational population in this study shows a generally high level of health literacy,but is weak in some aspects.Targeted health education and regular health literacy monitoring are proposed for further actions.
Overview Influences of the Vaccination Service

By analyzing the domestic and overseas studies,the influences to vaccination effect are mainly from the service providers and accepters and the social economic factors.The improving measures include funds increasing,personnel training,organization construction and strengthening health education to the service accepters,and improving vaccination certificate school entry performance.
Modeling Analysis of Platinum-195m for Targeting Individual Blood-Borne Cells in Adjuvant Radioimmunotherapy

UNLABELLED The inability to eradicate a population of single, isolated, blood-borne tumor cells with the radionuclides currently in use may limit the efficacy of adjuvant radioimmunotherapy. We have examined the possibility of sterilizing single blood-borne cells using surface-bound emitters of Auger and conversion electrons. METHODS The number of cell-surface decays required for 99% sterilization was found by using the linear-quadratic model of cell survival (alpha = 0.3 Gy-1, alpha/beta = 10 Gy) to transform absorbed dose to survival probability. The absorbed dose to the center of the cell was calculated by evaluating the point dose kernel at the cell radius of 6 microns and multiplying it by the number of surface decays. A two-compartment model of whole-body pharmacokinetics was used to obtain the red marrow dose corresponding to a given number of cell-surface decays. RESULTS Platinum-195m (T 1/2 = 4 days) proves to be a particularly effective radionuclide. The 195mPt protocol requires 1.2 GBq of injected activity and is calculated to give an average red-marrow dose of 1.23 Gy, well within marrow tolerance. CONCLUSION Analysis of the targeting efficiency as a function of cell radius reveals that 195mPt is expected to sterilize cells with radii up to 8 microns without delivering more than 2.5 Gy to red marrow. It also emits photons that are appropriate for external imaging and has been used to study the biodistribution of cisplatin in humans. High-specific activity 195mPt may be obtained by decay of cyclotron-produced 195mIr (T 1/2 = 3.8 hr).
Thrombospondin 1 Deficiency Ameliorates the Development of Adriamycin-Induced Proteinuric Kidney Disease

Accumulating evidence suggests that thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) is an important player in diabetic nephropathy. However, the role of TSP1 in podocyte injury and the development of non-diabetic proteinuric kidney disease is largely unknown. In the current study, by using a well-established podocyte injury model (adriamycin-induced nephropathy mouse model), we examined the contribution of TSP1 to the development of proteinuric kidney disease. We found that TSP1 was up-regulated in the glomeruli, notably in podocytes, in adriamycin injected mice before the onset of proteinuria. ADR treatment also stimulated TSP1 expression in cultured human podocytes in vitro. Moreover, increased TSP1 mediated ADR-induced podocyte apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton disorganization. This TSP1’s effect was through a CD36-dependent mechanism and involved in the stimulation of p38MAPK pathway. Importantly, in vivo data demonstrated that TSP1 deficiency protected mice from ADR induced podocyte loss and foot process effacement. ADR induced proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, renal macrophage infiltration and inflammation was also attenuated in TSP1 deficient mice. Taken together, these studies provide new evidence that TSP1 contributes to the development of non-diabetic proteinuric kidney disease by stimulating podocyte injury and the progression of renal inflammation.
Exploiting shared information for multi-intent natural language sentence classification.

Multi-intent natural language sentence classification aims at identifying multiple user goals in a single natural language sentence (e.g., “find Beyonce’s movie and music” ! find movie, find music). The main motivation of this work is to exploit the shared intents across different intent combinations rather than treating the combination as an atomic label. We propose to achieve this by (1) adding class features, and (2) adding hidden variables to identify segments belonging to each intent. Experimental results demonstrate significant gains in classification accuracy over the baseline methods across a number of training conditions (3%-8% absolute on multi-intent sentences, 2%-3% absolute on single intent sentences).
Long-term population demographics of native brook trout following manipulative reduction of an invader

Although laboratory studies have provided evidence for negative interactions between brook trout and brown trout, it is unknown how these interactions affect larger scale demographics in a natural setting. We tested the effects of invasive brown trout on brook trout demographics by removing brown trout from a sympatric population using a before–after control-impact study design. The study was conducted across a large stream network for a period of 6 years. Abundance of brook trout increased after brown trout removal primarily as a result of increased recruitment and immigration. Size structure also shifted towards larger individuals as a result of increased growth rates and a decrease in emigration of larger trout. Size at maturity and body condition did not change after brown trout removal. Adult brook trout survival increased during the post-treatment period in both the treatment and control reach. A decrease in flood intensity during the post-treatment time period may have led to increased survival. Adult survival may not be the best metric to use when assessing interactions between trout species, especially when the subordinate species has suitable areas to emigrate.
Compared to femoral venous access, upper extremity right heart catheterization reduces time to ambulation: A single center experience

Objectives To determine ambulation times after right heart catheterization (RHC) via upper extremity access compared to femoral venous access. Background Transradial coronary angiography has been associated with shorter times to ambulation. We hypothesized that RHC from the upper extremity would be similarly associated with shorter ambulation times when compared to traditional femoral access. Methods We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of 379 consecutive patients who underwent a variety of diagnostic and interventional left- and right-heart procedures through upper extremity and femoral access sites. Results The time to ambulation for RHC through the arm veins versus the femoral vein was lower (42.6 min ± 14.2 vs. 175.0 min ± 65.0, P < 0.001). Fluoroscopy times (8.5 min ± 6.8 vs. 12.8 min ± 8.4, P < 0.001) and radiation doses (64.1 Gy cm−2 ± 60.0 vs. 108.5 Gy cm−2 ± 71.6, P < 0.001) were reduced in the radial compared to femoral group, respectively. In multivariate analyses, upper arm access (P < 0.0001), lower heparin dose (P = 0.032), inpatient status (P = 0.01), and concurrent PCI (P = 0.03) were associated with shorter times to ambulation. Conclusions Right heart catheterization from the upper extremity is strongly associated with shorter times to ambulation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
User Study: Evaluating the Simulation

During the course of the last chapters, contrast perception data was meticulously measured, analyzed, and finally validated by a field test. These measurement results were abstracted and fit into a mathematical model which was then used to implement the described tone mapping operator for simulating glare effects. In particular, the main focus was on reproducing the contrast threshold in dark areas of the scene.
Vascular Aphasia Syndromes

The most common classification of aphasic individuals in the literature is by clinical syndromes of commonly co-occurring deficits that reflect vascular territories affected by stroke. This classification system is approximately based on the lesion–deficit association logic of the 19th century. The relationship between these syndromes and the associated vascular territories is not always consistent, in part because of individual variability in vasculature and in part because of reorganization of structure–function relationship after injury. Characteristics of vascular syndromes of aphasia are dissociable, because the entire vascular territory is not always damaged and because various symptoms recover at different rates. In this chapter, the vascular syndromes of aphasia are described. The relevance of the vascular syndromes to current concepts of the functional neuroanatomy of language is discussed. The usefulness of vascular syndromes in medical management of stroke versus aphasia research and treatment is considered.
The new faces of combinatorial optimization

I identify several important current variants on the theme of combinatorial optimization that constitute significant departures from the field's research tradition: Multicriterion optimization, competitive equilibria, and optimizing with incentives. I also discuss the surprisingly weak connections between optimization and evolution (this latter topic was the subject of my ISCO talk).
Complications Related to Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is examined from a variety of viewpoints in this article, including physician experience with ERCP and the environment in which the procedure is performed, the initial intent to treat, and complications, including their severity. Specific complications discussed include pancreatic hemorrhage, perforation, septic complications, complications related to stents, rare complications, and late complications following sphincterotomy.
Targeted Therapy and Immunosuppression in the Tumor Microenvironment

Small-molecule inhibitors offer great promise for targeting pathways that are specifically deregulated in different tumors. However, such 'targeted' therapies also elicit poorly understood effects on protective antitumor immunity. Given the emerging relevance of immunotherapies that boost pre-existing T cell responses, understanding how different immune cells are affected by small-molecule inhibitors could lead to more-effective interventions, alone or combined with immunotherapy. This review discusses the growing array of activities elicited by multiple 'targeted' inhibitors on antitumor immunity, underscoring the complex effects resulting from diverse activities on different immune cell types in vivo, and the need to conduct mechanistic research that identifies drugs performing well not only in immunocompromised mice but also in the presence of spontaneous or therapeutic antitumor immunity.
Immunohistopathologic findings in herpes simplex virus chorioretinitis in the von Szily model.

After anterior chamber inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), some mice have a characteristic pattern of ocular disease, including ipsilateral anterior uveitis, relative sparing of the ipsilateral retina, and necrotizing contralateral chorioretinitis. It was reported previously that susceptibility to the contralateral chorioretinitis is associated with the Igh-1 locus; congenic mice differing at this locus have different rates of contralateral disease. The immunohistopathologic findings of this model in Igh-1 disparate congenic mice are reported after examining immune cell populations (CD4, CD8, Thy 1.2, Ia, Mac, and immunoglobulin G cells) in both ipsilateral and contralateral eyes and the recruitment kinetics of these cell types in various ocular tissues. In both HSV-susceptible BALB/c and HSV-resistant C.B-17 mice, the ipsilateral eye undergoes early cellular infiltration, and the contralateral retina is devoid of cells until day 10 postinoculation. In BALB/c mice, a late dramatic rise develops in Mac and Ia cells in the ipsilateral and contralateral choroid (P less than 0.005) compared with C.B-17 mice. The C.B-17 mice have an earlier, mild cellular infiltration of the uveal tract in the ipsilateral eye, abrogation of the late Mac and Ia cellular recruitment in the ipsilateral choroid, and an absent contralateral response. These strain-specific immunohistopathologic differences help to explain Igh-1-linked HSV retinitis patterns in this model.
Circulating microRNA profiling for early detection of non-small cell lung cancer.

e22051 Background: Lung cancer is a severe health problem in Western countries and the most common cause of cancer-related death. Noninvasive methods are needed to improve current approaches to det...
Recall rate in a semi-annual breast surveillance program for high-risk women.

11084 Background: High recall rate and unnecessary biopsies are a concern with screening mammogram (MMG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in young women at high risk for breast cancer. The aim ...
Construction of Protein Switches by Domain Insertion and Directed Evolution

A protein switch is a protein that changes between inactive ("off") and active ("on") states in response to a biomolecule or physical signal. These switches can be created by fusing two domains in such a way that the activity of the output domain is regulated by the input domain's recognition of an input signal (such as the binding of a molecule, recognition of light). Here, we describe several methods for randomly fusing two domains to create domain insertion libraries from which protein switches can be identified by selections and/or screens.
Fisheries Management Environmental Manipulations

It is important that readers understand various management plans that were tried in the past and the rationale leading to their wide acceptance, in order to understand how present mismanagement arose. Some of those plans are discussed, and the performance of management today at its present state of evaluation. Fishery biologists in the past believed their plans would provide rational means to prevent overfishing and they made a great effort to collect basic data on diverse species from different geographic regions before they designed management plans and put them into effect. Subsequent monitoring over several fishing seasons to evaluate the efficiency of these plans, during a variety of environmental conditions, was time consuming and frustrating.
Demand pull or supply push? Metro-level analysis of start-ups in the United States

AbstractThis paper examines factors related to higher regional start-up activity. Two hypotheses are formulated to explain start-ups: the demand-pull hypothesis argues that the amount, growth and density of aggregate demand will stimulate start-ups in any sectors; and the supply-push hypothesis argues that factors including high-tech industry concentrations, patent generation, industrial and university research activities, and government funding will stimulate high-tech start-ups. Both hypotheses support the importance of human capital factors, such as a highly educated or skilled workforce and thick labour markets. The paper incorporates these various measures and employs cross-sectional multivariate analysis of start-up rates in all sectors and in high-tech sectors in 366 metropolitan areas as defined by the US Census Bureau in 2009. Overall, very strong support is found for the demand-pull hypothesis, but only modest support for the supply-push hypothesis, which provide substantial caveats for public p...
ANEMIA AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT (TAVR): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a treatment option for patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) with high surgical risk. Anemia is a common comorbidity in the TAVR population. Small studies have suggested that anemia is associated long-term mortality in patients who underwent TAVR
Nontraditional Families and Child Development

The ‘traditional family,’ in which children are raised by two heterosexual parents, one of each sex, who are married to one another, and who are biologically related to the child, makes up only a subset of contemporary families, yet it is often considered to be the norm against which other ‘nontraditional’ family types are measured. Results of social science research indicate that, if family stability is maintained and if the qualities of parent–child relationships and interactions are positive, then nontraditional families of many descriptions can provide environments that support and enable positive development among children and youth.
Caribbean Plate Relative Motions

Any reconstruction of the geological history of the Central America land bridge is dependent on conjectural motions of several lithospheric plates. The most important aspect of a timing sequence for a link between the North and South America land masses is apparently the creation of the Caribbean Plate. The geological record, however, which details a tectonic evolution of the Caribbean Plate and its margins is so enigmatic that many critical questions remain unresolved, and every developed model is couched in some incompatibilities.
Ecologies of care: addressing the needs of immigrant origin children and youth

Immigrant origin children and youth are now, and will continue to be, a diverse and demographically important segment of all post-industrial nations’ populations. In order to realize their potentia...
High incidence of a third head of biceps brachii in females

Abstract Incidence rates of a third head of biceps brachii muscle have been shown to vary based on race, sex, and side of the body. Traditionally, males were thought to have higher incidences than females, and the right limb was thought to most frequently contain an additional head of biceps brachii. Additionally, innervation of this third head has been unclear, with musculocutaneous nerve, median nerve, or a combination of both providing nerve supply. Here we present findings of the dissection of 23 cadavers (n = 46 limbs), in which 6 limbs demonstrated a third head of biceps brachii. Of the 6 limbs with a third head, 3 were left and 3 were right limbs, with one cadaver having the extra muscle head bilaterally. Incidence rates in females in the current study were observed to be higher than expected (20.8%), while males showed a 4.5% occurrence. All 6 of the additional heads of biceps brachii observed were innervated by musculocutaneous nerve. Together these data show a higher than expected number of female cadavers with a third head of biceps brachii, equal incidence between sides of the body, and uniform innervation by musculocutaneous nerve. These findings challenge our traditional understanding of the third head of biceps brachii and suggests a need for additional study of this complex anatomical variation.
Evolution of Phospholipases A2 in Catalysis and Allosteric Regulation by Membranes

Defining the molecular details and consequences of the association of water-soluble proteins with membranes is fundamental to understanding protein–lipid interactions and membrane functioning.1 Pho...
Parents' and College Students Perceptions of Support and Family Environment

The main objectives of this multimethod exploratory study were to compare parent and college student perceptions of communication patterns, financial/emotional support, family environment, and achi...
Cosmogenic radionuclide production modeling with Geant4: Experimental benchmarking and application to nuclear spectroscopy of asteroid (16) Psyche

Abstract Measurements of gamma-ray emissions from the decay of cosmogenic radionuclides provide an opportunity to characterize the elemental composition of a terrestrial planet or asteroid surface. We report on the development of a Geant4 application which models cosmogenic radionuclide production on metal-rich surfaces. The model was benchmarked using measurements of radionuclides produced during 1 GeV proton irradiation of a target made from the Campo del Cielo iron meteorite. The gamma-ray emitting radionuclides 58Co, 57Co, 56Co, 54Mn, 52Mn, 51Cr, 48V, 46Sc and 22Na were observed following the irradiation. Our model reproduced the measured radionuclide production rates to within a factor of 2.5 or better. All but two of the elements (54Mn, 46Sc) have a perfect model-to-data match within their measurement uncertainties. The benchmarked model was used to predict cosmogenic radionuclide production on a large (∼100-km radius) metal-rich asteroid. The results are relevant for planned gamma-ray measurements of the metallic asteroid (16) Psyche, which will be visited by the Psyche spacecraft in 2026. We found that galactic-proton-induced radionuclide decay is unlikely to be observed by the Psyche Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (GRS), however an intense solar proton event (>2 × 106 protons cm−2 over
Characterizing Patient‐Centered Postoperative Recovery After Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review

Background Improving postoperative recovery is important, with a national focus on postacute care, but the volume and quality of evidence in this area are not well characterized. We conducted a sys...
Relationship Between Energy Landscape Shape and Dynamics Trajectory Outcomes for Methane C–H Activation by Cationic Cp*(PMe3)Ir/Rh/Co(CH3)

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are routinely used to determine organometallic reaction mechanisms. However, these calculations only represent an average structure and lack mechanistic...
Teaching note: birth order theory critique as a learning opportunity

The integration of research understanding with the application of theory requires students to engage with the theory’s concepts and evaluate using key research concepts. A teaching strategy using t...
Comparison of Single and Multiple Turnovers of SecYEG in Escherichia coli

Precursor proteins are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane in Escherichia coli by the general secretory, or Sec, pathway. The main components of the pathway are the integral membrane heterotrimeric SecYEG complex and the peripheral membrane ATPase, SecA. In this study, we have applied an in vitro assay using inverted cytoplasmic membrane vesicles to investigate the complex cycle that leads to translocation. We compared the apparent rate constants for nine precursors under two experimental conditions, single turnover and multiple turnovers. For each precursor, the rate constant for a single turnover was higher than for multiple turnovers, indicating that a different step limits the rate under the two conditions. We conclude that the rate-limiting step for a single turnover is an early step in the initial phase of transit through the channel, whereas the rate of multiple turnovers is limited by the resetting of the translocon. The presence of the chaperone SecB during multiple turnovers increased the maximal amplitude translocated for the three precursor species tested, pGBP, pPhoA, and proOmpA, and also increased the apparent rate constants for both pGBP and pPhoA. The rate constant for proOmpA was decreased by the presence of SecB.IMPORTANCE Vastly different experimental techniques and conditions have been used to study export in E. coli We demonstrated that altering experimental conditions can change the step that is observed during study. Investigators should consider specific experimental conditions when comparing data from different laboratories, as well as when comparing data from different experiments within a laboratory. We have shown that each precursor species has inherent properties that determine the translocation rate; thus generalizations from studies of a single species must be made with caution. A summary of advantages and disadvantages in use of nine precursors is presented.
A System Theoretic Approach to Cybersecurity Risk Analysis and Mitigation for Autonomous Passenger Vehicles

Urban Mobility is in the midst of a revolution, driven by the convergence of technologies such as artificial intelligence, on-demand ride services, as well as connected and self-driving vehicles. Technological advancements often lead to new hazards and changing nature in how accidents can happen. Coupled with the increased levels of automation and connectivity in the new generation of autonomous vehicles, cybersecurity is emerging as one of the key threats affecting the safety of these vehicles. Traditional hazards analysis methods treat safety and security in isolation, and are limited in their ability to account for interactions among organizational, socio-technical, human, and technical components. In response to these challenges, the System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) was developed to meet the growing need for system engineers to holistically analyze complex socio-technical systems. We applied STPA-Sec, an extension to STPA to include security analysis, to co-analyze safety and security hazards, as well as identify mitigation requirements. The results were compared with another promising method known as Combined Harm Analysis of Safety and Security for Information Systems (CHASSIS). Both methods were applied to the Mobility-as-a-Service use case, focusing on over-the-air software updates feature. Overall, STPA-Sec identified additional hazards and more effective requirements compared to CHASSIS. In particular, STPA-Sec demonstrated the ability to identify hazards due to unsafe/ unsecure interactions among sociotechnical components. This research also suggested using CHASSIS methods for information lifecycle analysis to complement and generate additional considerations for STPA-Sec. Finally, results from both methods were back-tested against a past cyber hack on a vehicular system, and we found that recommendations from STPA-Sec were likely to mitigate the risks of the incident.
Intermittent Skill Training Results in Moderate Improvement in Functional Outcome in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Stroke.

BackgroundStroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Focused training of the impaired limb has been shown to improve its functional outcome in animal models. However, most human stroke surv...
Public Investment in Home Healthcare in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Win-Win Strategy

Home healthcare – to the elderly and those with chronic health conditions – is growing in importance in the COVID-19 pandemic era. In the United States, public investment in home healthcare can be ...
Disentangled Hyperspherical Clustering for Sepsis Phenotyping

Sepsis is a heterogeneous disease. Clustering sepsis patients into homogeneous subgroups with characteristic phenotypes may help for studying the disease progression and for providing targeted therapies. Existing clustering methods use many or all input variables whereas clusters defined by few variables are preferred by clinicians investigating subgroup treatment. To address this gap, we propose a soft F-statistic loss that promotes disentangled clusters differentiating on a small subset of features. Empirical and qualitative results demonstrate our method excels at achieving the desired property against competing methods.
Part 2: The X of X

In this part, Fanon’s highly nuanced response to Lacan, how blackness can be rhetorically read and/or conceived as a figure that is no more than an x, a speculative speck when compared to the vast orbit of the signified, the signifier, but one that offers us profound insight into the racial limits of psychoanalytic interpretation, in whose oedipal immensity blackness often goes unnoticed; and precisely because it is often seen to be the tiniest point in which symbolic reality finds itself lodged. Anyone who considers this farfetched should consider how little curiosity there seems to be in the psychic life of black objects. Because Fanon is one of the first black readers of Lacan, he will be our guide as we follow him through this selva obscura.
Modeling and Analysis of Multi-Phase Coupled Inductor Structures for Voltage Regulators

As the performance and power demands of modern microprocessors continuously grow, multi-phase voltage regulators are expected to be faster, more efficient, and more compact. Compared with non-coupled inductors used in today’s products, the negative coupled inductor has a better circuit performance, as well as a smaller inductor size. However, unsymmetrical coupling is an inherent issue to overcome for the traditional coupled inductor; when the phase number increases, the performance deteriorates. To solve this issue, two different coupled inductor structures, designated as an indirect-coupled inductor and a hybrid-coupled inductor, were proposed. These two structures can achieve smaller current ripple and much faster transient speed compared with non-coupled inductors, thus gaining a great amount of interest in industry. However, the detailed modeling and analysis of these two structures is lacking in the literature. In this paper, the equivalent circuit models of these two structures are derived with a clear physical meaning. Then, the method to adjust the coupling for these structures is analyzed in detail. Finally, experimental results with a four-phase buck platform validate the proposed modeling method. With the proposed modeling method, the benefits and limitations of these coupled inductor structures are identified quantitatively for the first time. It also provides a powerful tool to design these coupled inductors.
When Janey Comes Marching Home: Portraits of Women Combat Veterans

Images and oral histories offer revealing portraits of women returning from combat in Iraq and Afghanistan. While women are officially barred from combat in the American armed services, in the current war, where there are no front lines, the ban on combat is virtually meaningless. More than in any previous conflict in our history, American women are engaging with the enemy, suffering injuries, and even sacrificing their lives in the line of duty. "When Janey Comes Marching Home" juxtaposes forty-eight self-posed photographs by Sascha Pflaeging with oral histories collected by Laura Browder to provide a dramatic portrait of women at war. Women from all five branches of the military share their stories here - stories that are by turns moving, comic, thought-provoking, and profound. Seeing their faces in stunning color photographic portraits and reading what they have to say about loss, comradeship, conflict, and hard choices will change the ways we think about women and war. Serving in a combat zone is an all-encompassing experience that is transformative, life-defining, and difficult to leave behind. By coming face-to-face with women veterans, we who are outside that world can begin to get a sense of how the long wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have shaped their lives and how their stories may ripple out and influence the experiences of all American women. The book accompanies a photography exhibit of the same name opening May 22, 2010, at the Women in Military Service to America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery, and continuing to travel around the country through 2011.
Private Rights Under the Housing Act: Preserving Rental Assistance for Section 8 Tenants

The Housing Choice Voucher Program provides low-income families with federally funded rental assistance. In order to receive rental assistance, tenants and landlords must maintain units in compliance with the Housing Quality Standards promulgated by the United States Housing Act. A failure by either party to comply with the Housing Quality Standards results in a termination of the federal funding. Unfortunately for voucher recipients, this means that they can be stripped of their rental assistance through no fault of their own. To remedy this situation, many tenants have tried to bring an action against their landlord, alleging a violation of the Housing Quality Standards under the United States Housing Act. Courts have routinely dismissed such claims, however, ruling that there is no private right of action under the Housing Act to enforce the Housing Quality Standards. This Note focuses on the factors that support a private right of action for voucher participants under the Housing Act, and suggests that the statutory language should be amended to expressly provide for such a right.
Pluralité impériale et identités subjectives dans la Chine des Qing

La pluralite de l’empire des Qing se manifestait a la fois dans les rituels de l’empereur, sa cour, ses histoires et ses monuments et dans la construction historique des cultures dont l’empire tirait sa legitimation. Le resultat fut, a la fin du XVIIIe siecle, l’objectivation par les textes et les rituels d’un nombre fini d’identites historiques, correspondant d’abord aux cultures qui avaient ete instrumentalisees dans les conquetes des Qing de 1616 a 1755. Cependant ces identites objectivees, a la fois historiques et rituelles, existaient parallelement a des cultures plus subjectives et locales, inscrites dans la vie quotidienne, non seulement pour les Mandchous, les Mongols et les Hans, mais aussi pour les peuples qui n’avaient jamais eu d’existence officielle dans l’historiographie des Qing, en particulier les diverses communautes musulmanes reparties dans l’empire. Au moment de la crise de l’empire, a la fin du XIXe et au debut du XXe siecle, les identites objectives produites par le pouvoir imperial ont fourni une ressource disponible pour la construction d’identites nationales et ont nourri les mouvements nationalistes.
Fingerspelling recognition through classification of letter-to-letter transitions

We propose a new principle for recognizing fingerspelling sequences from American Sign Language (ASL) Instead of training a system to recognize the static posture for each letter from an isolated frame, we recognize the dynamic gestures corresponding to transitions between letters This eliminates the need for an explicit temporal segmentation step, which we show is error-prone at speeds used by native signers We present results from our system recognizing 82 different words signed by a single signer, using more than an hour of training and test video We demonstrate that recognizing letter-to-letter transitions without temporal segmentation is feasible and results in improved performance.
The Relationship Between Digital Storytelling Creation and Self-Efficacy Beliefs on Media Production Skill Sets in First Year College Students

University of Minnesota M.A. thesis. February 2013. Major: Education, Curriculum and Instruction. Advisor: Charles DeVaughn Miller. 1 computer file (PDF); vi, 70 pages, appendices A-J.
WorldTravel: A Testbed for Service-Oriented Applications

This paper describes the "WorldTravel" service-oriented application and testbed. The purpose of the testbed is to provide to researchers an open source venue for experimenting with and evaluating ideas, methods, and implementation options for service-oriented architectures and applications. Built upon standard service technologies, the WorldTravel testbed offers implementations of services and service interactions specific to the WorldTravel application, comprised of (1) a substantive back-end that includes a simple airline pricing/ticketing engine, with a representative flight database, both structured similarly to those used by companies actually offering such services, (2) a front-end for travel services interacting with mid-tier request processing and routing services, and (3) load traces from the corresponding business applications that are used to drive the use of WorldTravel and its services. We call WorldTravel a testbed rather than benchmark because its design permits extension at both the front-end, e.g., to add interesting new services like weather information about possible travel destinations, and at the back-end, e.g., to add payment services. This paper identifies the need for testbeds like WorldTravel, considers the attributes required of such testbeds, describes our current testbed in detail, and presents an initial testbed evaluation. It also describes the actual production-quality system on which WorldTravel is based.
Hα and Ca II emission line variability of FK Comae

The rapidly rotating G III star FK Comae was monitored for 18 days from Kitt Peak National Observatory, using the Penn State fiber optic echelle spectrograph on both the KPNO coude feed and 2.1 meter telescopes. We see significant changes from earlier observations.
Treatment of behavioral symptomatology of Alzheimer's disease, with emphasis on aggression: current clinical approaches.

A scientific information base is developing which focuses on understanding and managing behavior problems in geriatric populations, especially those with dementing illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease. Many of these behavior problems occur in long-term care settings, which have a high prevalence of residents exhibiting emotional and behavioral disorders, often secondary to psychiatric illness. Prior to beginning treatment, behavior disorders must be systematically evaluated and understood to insure optimum care planning. One approach to effectively treating these disorders is to first separate them into two categories: those not amenable to psychotherapeutic medication treatment (nonpsychiatric disorders) and those that are amenable (psychiatric disorders). Specific nonpharmacological treatments may benefit those nonpsychiatric behavioral disorders and include behavioral and environmental paradigms. The psychiatric disorders, especially aggression and assaultive behavior, may be treated beneficially using a variety of psychopharmacological agents, including antianxiety agents, neuroleptics, carbamazapine, s-blockers, and lithium. The most effective approach toward treating the psychiatric behavior disorders often combines both medication and nonmedication strategies.
An X-ray and neutron powder diffraction study of the Ca2=xNd8−x(SiO4)6O2−0•5x system

The variation in lattice parameters with bulk composition and preparation temperature has been determined from X-ray powder diffraction data for the system Ca2+xNd8−x(SiO4)6O2−0.5x. The structures of two members of this system have been further refined from time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction data using the Rietveld method. Both structures belong to the P63m space group and are isomorphous with natural apatite, Ca10(PO4)6(F, OH)2. Samples prepared at 1250°C exhibit an ordered distribution of Ca and Nd cations between two nonequivalent sites. The room temperature lattice parameters of Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 are a = 9.5291(5)A and c = 7.0222(1) A, while those of Ca2.2Nd7.8(SiO4)6O1.9 are a = 9.5303(4) A and c = 7.0147(1) A. The composition of the latter member is believed to represent the upper limit of solid solution for this system at 1250°C.
A quasiclassical trajectory study of the reaction OH+CO→H+CO2

A new, full-dimensional potential energy surface has been constructed to describe the OH+CO↔H+CO2 reactive system. The new surface modifies the existing many body expansion potential of Bradley and Schatz based on recent ab initio calculations and incorporates an entirely new hybrid surface to accurately describe the OH+CO entrance channel and two possible van der Waals complexes, OH–CO and OH–OC. Quasiclassical trajectory calculations have been performed for the reaction OH+CO→H+CO2 using the new surface in order to examine the impact of the changes in the surface, to evaluate the accuracy of the surface by comparing to experimental results, and to investigate the reaction dynamics of this interesting complex-forming system. It is shown that the improvement in the description of the entrance channel has a rather large effect on overall reactivity and response to reagent rotational and vibrational excitation, but has little effect on various product properties such as angular and translational energy dist...
COMPUTATION OF CUBIC HARMONICS

$^{1}$ K. Fox and I, Ozier, J. Chem. Phys, 52, 5044 (1970). $^{2}$ A. S. Householder and K. Fox, J. Comp. Phys. 8, 292 (1971). This research was supported, in part, by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.""
Transforming Citizenship: Membership, Strategies of Containment, and the Public Sphere in Latino Communities

On Wednesday, April 2, 2003, the US Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services “awarded” citizenship to two young Latino immigrants, Jose Garibay and Jose Gutierrez, who were serving in the Marines and were killed during the first few days of the US invasion of Iraq. The official reason given for bestowing citizenship was that it was meant to reward them for losing their lives.1 However, given the rise in anti-immigrant sentiment during the last few years, the charges that Latino/a immigrants in particular have undermined the “American way of life,” and drained our resources, and that the 37,000 noncitizens in the military pose a problem of “dual loyalty,” the Bush administration is in a somewhat awkward position. Is it possible that the granting of citizenship was intended to reconcile the tension inherent in the fact that noncitizens were performing duties normally associated with the highest loyalties of citizenship? Clearly, citizenship has no meaning for these two Latinos now, so granting it to them posthumously is a symbolic act meant to appeal to a national audience. Immigrants do not enjoy, to use T. H. Marshall’s notion, “full membership in the community” (Marshall, 1950) but making Garibay and Gutierrez citizens posthumously is a way to rectify what may seem to some as an unfair, perhaps even unjust situation, that is, that these two were willing to risk their lives for a country that limited their ability to participate fully in its major institutions.2
169 Early Feeding Tolerance in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

169 Early Feeding Tolerance in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Intrauterine Growth Retardation