cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of cystment on cells of Oxytricha fallax possessing supernumerary dorsal bristle rows

Cells of Oxytricha fallax possessing cytotactically inherited supernumerary dorsal bristle rows can redevelop those dorsal supernumerary rows after cystment, even though supernumerary ventral cortical structures are permanently lost through cystment. Previous work has demonstrated: (1) that cystement involves a complete dedifferentiation of all ciliary structures-all cilia, basal bodies, microtubules and fibres; and (2) that all ventral ciliary structures arise from a single ciliary primordium during excystement. These observations suggest the following conclusions. (1) The information for the redevelopment of supernumerary dorsal bristle rows during excystment is associated with some ultrastructurally unidentifiable molecular structure of the cyst cortex. (2) Cytotactic information for the development of cortical patterns is retained in at last two locations in the resting cyst; one location specifies the site of development of the ventral ciliature whereas the other specifies the location and pattern of the dorsal ciliature.
In vitro detection of platelet antibody in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Two technics have been developed, which make possible the in vitro detection of platelet antibody in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The dextran-platelet agglutination technic takes advantage of the enhancement of platelet agglutination in the presence of dextran which brings about a threefold increase in simple agglutination. The Platelet-Factor-3 test measures the ability of platelet antibody to injure platelets and in so doing, make Platelet Factor 3 available to the coagulation cascade, thus accelerating the fibrin clotting time. This technic, when compared to the simple platelet agglutination test, increases the detection sensitivity of antiplatelet factor(s) twenty-fivefold. The antiplatelet factor(s) as measured by these technics was found to be an immunoglobulin of the IgG class. The antiplatelet factor(s) was present in the sera of 85 per cent of patients with ITP and 88 per cent of patients with SLE. This antiplatelet factor(s) was absent in 25 consecutive healthy controls and in 22 out of 26 patients with thrombocytopenia not due to ITP or SLE. Although 88 per cent of patients with SLE had demonstrable antiplatelet activity in their serum only 2 out of 33 were thrombocytopenic. These observations suggested that a compensated thrombocytolytic state was present in these patients. This conclusion was consistent with the good correlation between an elevated large platelet index and the presence of antiplatelet factor in these patients.
Tips for Effectively Utilizing Paraprofessionals in Physical Education

Physical educators who include children with disabilities for the first time may be unfamiliar with the responsibilities of paraprofessionals and how to appropriately utilize them to maximize the educational experience of students. The purpose of this article is to provide background information on paraprofessionals in physical education and describe tips for effectively utilizing them.
Patient-Centered Outcomes: Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Life Assessment

Traditionally, to assess the value of an intervention, physicians have used objective, “physician-centered” outcome measures. These measures would include such endpoints as survival of cancer patients, recurrences after hernia repair, increased blood flow after vascular bypass, incidence of stroke after carotid artery surgery, and the like. Although such measures are valuable, they do not tell the whole story in the patient’s experience. In some respects, they are surrogates for the true endpoint – is the patient feeling better and can he or she function and enjoy life? It is this aspect of measuring patient-perceived functional improvements that the field of quality of life research developed (Testa and Simonson, N Engl J Med 334:835–40, 1996).
Fiber Diffraction of the Prion-Forming Domain HET-s(218–289) Shows Dehydration-Induced Deformation of a Complex Amyloid Structure

Amyloids are filamentous protein aggregates that can be formed by many different proteins and are associated with both disease and biological functions. The pathogenicities or biological functions of amyloids are determined by their particular molecular structures, making accurate structural models a requirement for understanding their biological effects. One potential factor that can affect amyloid structures is hydration. Previous studies of simple stacked β-sheet amyloids have suggested that dehydration does not impact structure, but other studies indicated dehydration-related structural changes of a putative water-filled nanotube. Our results show that dehydration significantly affects the molecular structure of the fungal prion-forming domain HET-s(218–289), which forms a β-solenoid with no internal solvent-accessible regions. The dehydration-related structural deformation of HET-s(218–289) indicates that water can play a significant role in complex amyloid structures, even when no obvious water-accessible cavities are present.
On Determination of Spinal Stresses Generated While Performing Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Manual Lifting Tasks

This paper describes the development, and subsequent use, of a three-dimensional kinetic biomechanical model for determining compressive and shear forces generated in the human spine during symmetric and asymmetric manual lifting tasks. Using the model, task variables such as couplings and box-size were investigated. Biomechanical analyses of data indicated that asymmetrical lifting, lifting larger boxes, or lifting boxes without handles is more stressful compared to symmetrical lifting, lifting compact boxes, or lifting boxes with handles.
Longitudinal Rate Gyro Bias and Pitch Attitude Estimation Utilizing an Accelerometer Array

In this paper, a novel attitude estimation device is proposed utilizing cost-efiective rate and acceleration measurement sensors. The device combines a rate gyroscope with an accelerometer array and algorithm to estimate and eliminate the rate gyro bias online for accurate real-time aircraft longitudinal attitude tracking. Proper vehicle operation is predicated on accurate attitude determination algorithms that are dependent on instantaneous and accurate measurements of translational and rotational body rates for precise estimation of vehicle orientation in three-dimensional space. Measurement error of instantaneous rate sensors, gyroscopes, is introduced via inherent biases and signal noise resulting in gyro drift. Integration of the rate signal for instantaneous net displacement calculation amplifles even minute measurement errors leading to an inaccurate and unreliable attitude estimate. The proposed device is a departure from typical attitude observers and bias estimators due to reliance on accelerometers measuring the local gravitational vector in lieu of additional magnetic fleld sensors or GPS. The end result is a longitudinal attitude estimation device able to compute a rate gyro bias in real-time for accurate vehicle pitch angle tracking while subjected to simulated aircraft ∞ight conditions. The efiectiveness of the newly constructed attitude estimation algorithm is demonstrated by comparison of attitude and rate gyro bias estimates produced from noise corrupted and biased sensors with the actual attitude of a nonlinear aircraft model and true rate gyro bias.
Role of Constant and Fluctuating Temperatures in Determining Development Time and Fecundity of Three Species of Stored-Products Coleoptera

Development time of Tribolium castancum (Herbst) and Trogoderma iuclusum (LeConte) was reduced by about 9–12% when beetles were exposed to sinusoidal fluctuating temperatures with 10°C range and mean of 25°C rather than a constant 25°C. Sitophilus oryzae (L.) showed no significant difference in the effect of the 2 temperature conditions upon development time. During the 1st 14 days after emergence, the fecundity of T. castancum was apparently greater in fluctuating than in constant temperature; fecundity of T. inclusum and S. oryzae was not different in the 2 temperature regimens.
Regenerative Rehabilitation and Genomics: Frontiers in Clinical Practice.

As collaborative efforts grow between rehabilitation scientists and those working in molecular/cellular technologies, physical therapists increasingly appreciate the relevance of regenerative rehabilitation and genomics in their research and practice. Traditionally, PTJ might not have been considered a natural home for papers focused on regenerative medicine and genomics, but the robust response to our call for papers suggests that the tide is turning. In fact, because of the number of submissions received, what started as a special issue has expanded into a special series . In this editorial introducing the first installment of the series, we provide a framework for the importance of this area to physical therapist practice and highlight the articles that inaugurate the series. The Alliance for Regenerative Rehabilitation Research and Training (AR3T) defines regenerative rehabilitation as “the integration of principles and approaches from the fields of rehabilitation science and regenerative medicine.”1 Regenerative medicine focuses on the enhancement of endogenous stem cell function or the transplantation of exogenous stem cells to repair or replace tissue function that has been lost due to injury, disease, or aging. As such, the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions to restore physical functioning may be enhanced through the use of cellular and other regenerative therapies. Of no surprise to those in the rehabilitation field, regenerative medicine technologies have been shown to benefit from the application of targeted and specific mechanical stimuli. Advances in the field of regenerative medicine offer exciting new opportunities to enhance tissue regenerative capacity where the endogenous response fails, thereby opening up the scope of physical therapist practice where physical therapists are experts in the prescription of physical activity and modalities to promote tissue healing and recovery. The potential to synergize rehabilitation practice and regenerative medicine technologies is elegantly …
Experimental ligation of splenic and portal veins, with the aim of producing a form of splenic anemia

From the pathological study of four cases of splenic anemia showing partial or complete obstruction of splenic or portal veins due to old thrombophlebitis, the writer was led to believe that the splenic enlargement (fibrosis) and the clinical picture of splenic anemia might be produced experimentally in animals. During the last two years he has carried on a series of observations upon dogs whose splenic veins had been ligated at varying distances from that organ. Briefly, the results have been as follows:In dogs examined from one week to three months after the operation the spleen was found greatly enlarged, firm and dark in color. This enlargement reached its extreme about four weeks after the ligation.In dogs examined after three months the spleen was found to be diminished in size, paler and firmer. In those examined one year after ligation of the splenic veins the organ was found to be greatly atrophic and fibroid, in two cases completely separated into small islands or lobes of splenic tissue, each l...
INTRAVENOUS FEEDING. NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS.

Intravenous feeding is essential in certain medical emergencies, and is often used for brief periods. Based on adequate clinical evaluation, relatively prolonged maintenance by the parenteral route is also feasible as an interim measure with the goal of restoring oral intake.Recognition and proper management of altered requirements in intravenous feeding are a continuing challenge to the physician. Nutritional aspects are reviewed in relation to caloric needs; amino acid, carbohydrate and fat utilization; and vitamin and mineral requirements, as well as the available sources of each.
Used Software, First Sale, and the Global Marketplace

The emergence of the Internet and the growth of the global marketplace have complicated the efficacy and enforcement of intellectual property. The first sale doctrine is particularly contentious in part because the EU and US have reached very different judicial conclusions in the application of first sale to digital goods. In 2012, the EU ruled in UsedSoft vs. Oracle to permit the resale of used digital software, whereas US courts have traditionally prohibited such practices. The implications of these decisions are not limited to just software sales but also to the viability of open markets for digital goods. Important questions remain to be answered, such as: Does resale of used digital goods promote or inhibit new product sales? Do original content producers suffer when secondhand markets emerge for digital goods? Will consumers use these new legal markets for trade? This article will analyze first sale protections for digital goods by examining both the legal and market perspectives, focusing on used software sales. The article will first compare the legal morass of resale of digital software in the US with its protection in the EU. Analysis of several court cases, including the UsedSoft decision in the EU and Capital Records v. ReDigi in the US, illuminate the inconsistency across international actors as well as within jurisdictions to establish rules on used software resale. The article highlights the inconsistency on a national and international scale and calls for a movement towards the EU standard of first sale protections for digital software.To support this recommendation, the article will examine the EU used digital software marketplace. Through a careful examination of sales data from 2010 to 2013, both before and after the used software market was opened, the article argues that the EU approach to digital first sale creates a healthy, legal market for the transfer of used software. Such an approach encourages more sales for both new and used software as well as fostering trade between the EU member states. This article is being written as part of the eBay Policy Scholars program, with insights derived from data and interviews provided by experts in the field.
Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde exposure and risk characterization in California early childhood education environments

Little information is available about air quality in early childhood education (ECE) facilities. We collected single-day air samples in 2010–2011 from 40 ECE facilities serving children ≤6 years old in California and applied new methods to evaluate cancer risk in young children. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were detected in 100% of samples. The median (max) indoor formaldehyde and acetaldehyde levels (μg/m3) were 17.8 (48.8) and 7.5 (23.3), respectively, and were comparable to other California schools and homes. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations were inversely associated with air exchange rates (Pearson r = −0.54 and −0.63, respectively; P 5 years old, suggesting other indoor sources. Formaldehyde levels exceeded California 8-h and chronic Reference Exposure Levels (both 9 μg/m3) for non-cancer effects in 87.5% of facilities. Acetaldehyde levels exceeded the U.S. EPA Reference Concentration in 30% of facilities. If reflective of long-term averages, estimated exposures would exceed age-adjusted ‘safe harbor levels’ based on California's Proposition 65 guidelines (10−5 lifetime cancer risk). Additional research is needed to identify sources of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde and strategies to reduce indoor air levels. The impact of recent California and proposed U.S. EPA regulations to reduce formaldehyde levels in future construction should be assessed.
Picosecond four-wave mixing in sodium-seeded flames

We have performed picosecond transient-grating four-wave mixing experiments in a premixed, methane-air, sodium-seeded flame. Population gratings (in which the excitation beam polarizations are parallel) give exponential decays that are essentially independent of fringe spacing for medium-to-large spacings. These decays give a sodium excited-state lifetime of approximately 800 ps and a quenching collision cross section of approximately 0.2 µm2 A population-grating decay at a fringe spacing of 13.6 µm is shown in Fig. 1(a).
Modeling cloud applications for partition contingency

The focus of this research work is to investigate the problem of providing partition tolerance in cloud-based applications while maintaining application data integrity. This study looks at developing a cloud application to track sales of admission tickets to a battlefield as a motivating example. Web browsers are run inside the premises of the enterprise selling the tickets, while the rest of the application architecture is stored in the cloud. The internet connection represents a single point of failure for the application. Often humanities attractions such as battlefields are physically located in rural areas where internet redundancy is expensive at best. Developing a cloud application that can tolerate network partitions needs to be considered in the modeling phase of cloud software project.
Festival attributes and perceptions: a meta-analysis of relationships with satisfaction and loyalty.

Abstract Festivals provide economic, social and cultural benefits to the communities in which they occur, and contribute to event tourism and destination marketing. This research reports a meta-analysis of the festival literature to evaluate the factors that contribute to festival satisfaction and loyalty. Attributes were classified into six categories: activities, authenticity/uniqueness, concessions, environment, escape and socialization. The analysis revealed that festival activities (program, entertainment, thematic activities) and environment (atmosphere, convenience, facilities) are the most important determinants of satisfaction and loyalty. Two perceptions were evaluated: cost/value and service quality. The analysis revealed that cost/value is important for both satisfaction and loyalty, whereas service quality is relatively unimportant. Satisfaction with the festival is strongly related to loyalty. The findings suggest that festival planners should focus on providing an enjoyable program in a comfortable environment at a reasonable price. This strategy will cultivate repeat attendance and stimulate future visits to the festival destination.
10.3 A 94.2%-peak-efficiency 1.53A direct-battery-hook-up hybrid Dickson switched-capacitor DC-DC converter with wide continuous conversion ratio in 65nm CMOS

Owing to the need for low power consumption, portable and wearable electronics operate at low voltages, typically below 1V, with recent designs in near- and subthreshold operation resulting in voltages down to 0.3 to 0.5V. Meanwhile, voltage range of the most common energy source - the Li-ion battery - is 3 to 4.2V, motivating the need for compact power converters capable of large conversion ratio with wide and efficient voltage regulation.
Anemia and functional disability in older adults with cancer.

9109 Background: While anemia is associated with functional disability in older adults in general, this relationship has not been well characterized in older adults with cancer. We sought to examin...
Direct-Channel Resonance Model of Deep-Inelastic Electron Scattering. II. Spin Dependence of the Cross Section

The spin dependence of the cross section of deep-inelastic electron (muon) scattering is investigated in the framework of the direct-channel resonance model. The structure functions entering the spin-dependent part of the cross section obey the following scaling laws in the Bjorken limit: $\ensuremath{\nu}{W}_{3}$ is a function of $\ensuremath{\omega}$, and $\ensuremath{\nu}{W}_{4}={W}_{3}$. The polarization asymmetry is calculated in the framework of a quark model with orbital excitations; sizable asymmetries are predicted. The spin-dependent part of the cross section is found to be strongly model dependent; therefore, polarized-beam-polarized-target experiments should be able to distinguish between various models.
Walk-in Model for Ill Care in an Urban Academic Pediatric Clinic.

Abstract Objectives Since the Institute of Medicine's 2001 charge to reform health care, there has been a focus on the role of the medical home. Access to care in the proper setting and at the proper time is central to health care reform. We aimed to increase the volume of patients receiving care for acute illnesses within the medical home rather than the emergency department or urgent care center from 41% to 60%. Methods We used quality improvement methods to create a separate nonemergency care stream in a large academic primary care clinic serving 19,000 patients (90% Medicaid). The pediatric primary care (PPC) walk-in clinic opened in July 2013 with service 4 hours per day and expanded to an all-day clinic in October 2013. Statistical process control methods were used to measure the change over time in the volume of ill patients and visits seen in the PPC walk-in clinic. Results Average weekly walk-in nonemergent ill-care visits increased from 61 to 158 after opening the PPC walk-in clinic. The percentage of nonemergent ill-care visits in the medical home increased from 41% to 45%. Visits during regular clinic hours increased from 55% to 60%. Clinic cycle time remained unchanged. Conclusions Implementation of a walk-in care stream for acute illness within the medical home has allowed us to provide ill care to a higher proportion of patients, although we have not yet achieved our predicted volume. Matching access to demand is key to successfully meeting patient needs.
Differentiating environmental concern in the context of psychological adaption to climate change

Abstract Despite existing evidence for the threats of climate change facing people living in the U.S., the psychological impacts of this threat have been neglected in public and scientific discourse, resulting in a notable lack in studies on individuals’ adaptation to climate change. Using social-cognitive theory, we examine how three forms of environmental concern—egoistic (e.g., concern for oneself; one’s health or life), social-altruistic (e.g., concern for others; future generations or country), and biospheric (e.g., concern for plants and animals; nature)—influence concurrent ecological stress and ecological coping strategies. Further, we examine how ecological stress and coping are associated with both depressive symptoms and pro-environmental behaviors. In an online survey of 342 U.S. adults we found unique patterns of the three forms of environmental concern. Only individuals higher in biospheric environmental concern perceived ecological stress and engaged in ecological coping. In contrast, individuals higher in social-altruistic concern did not perceive ecological stress, but did engage in ecological coping. Those higher in egoistic concern neither perceived ecological stress, nor engaged in coping. In addition, perceived ecological stress was positively associated with depressive symptoms; ecological coping negatively predicted depressive symptoms, while positively predicting pro-environmental behaviors. In sum, with the exception of those high in biospheric concern, study participants did not seem to perceive climate change threats as having a profound effect on their own or their family’s life. Differentiating three forms of environmental concern provides a nuanced view on their association with ecological stress and coping, and in turn depressive symptoms and pro-environmental behaviors. Results indicate that current public policy approaches that often focus on the natural environment when depicting or explaining the effects of climate change, may limit the effectiveness of interventions to those people who already show high concern for all living creatures, while failing to affect those motivated by egoistic or altruistic concern, increasing the risks associated with delaying climate change adaptation and the potential for large-scale negative mental health effects in our society.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as a viable option for an ambulatory surgical procedure: our 52-month experience

Abstract Background We present our experience with same-day discharge (without an overnight stay) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in 821 consecutive patients from 2011 to 2015. This is the largest series published to date of patients undergoing ambulatory surgery for such a procedure. Objectives To review our outcomes from ambulatory SG over 52 months to determine if SG can be safely performed in the ambulatory setting. Setting Ambulatory surgery center. Methods Retrospective review of all consecutive patients undergoing ambulatory SG from January 2011 to April 2015. All patients were discharged home the same day after surgery without an overnight stay at the hospital. Incidence of complications and admission to the hospital after discharge was reviewed up to 30 days from surgery. Results From January 2011 to April 2015, 821 consecutive patients underwent SG. Nineteen 30-day complications occurred in the series, 17 of them requiring admission to the hospital. Of the 19 cases, gastric leaks accounted for 7, intr-aabdominal abscess for 4, and dehydration/nausea/vomiting for 4; 4 were due to other causes. Complication and readmission rates at 30 days were 2.3% and 2.1%, respectively. Follow-up at 30 days was 98.4%. Conclusion With stringent patient selection and utilization of enhanced recovery pathways, our study indicates that SG may be suitable for the outpatient setting. Experience and comfort with bariatric surgery is essential on the part of the operating surgeon to ensure good outcomes. Our low overall readmission and complication rate portends to the feasibility of laparoscopic SG as a safe outpatient procedure.
What Role Does Planning Have in the Creation of Ecosystem Service Markets? Evidence from Two Cases in Oregon:

Ecosystem service markets (ESMs) facilitate the buying and selling of credits that represent specific environmental improvements, like a reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide or a waterborne poll...
Colonic Mucosal Ecchymoses After Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Upper Ureteral Calculus

AbstractBright red blood was found in stool immediately following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with 2,700 shock waves to a right upper ureteral calculus beside an indwelling Double-J* stent. The vital signs remained stable and bleeding did not recur. Colonoscopy revealed small areas of mucosal ecchymoses in the ascending colon. To our knowledge this effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has not been reported previously. There is no evidence as yet that these ecchymoses are of any clinical significance for most patients. (J. Urol., 140: 1012–1013, 1988)
A Rough Ride at the Theodore Roosevelt Cancer Center

Nurse Carolyn Harried walked quickly down the narrow halls of the Theodore Roosevelt Cancer Center (TRCC), rushing to complete her rounds of surgical patients. She could hear the rain pounding at the window, adding to her stress from the busy, difficult shift. Her last patient, Mrs. Surgerized, looked pale, but was sleeping quietly following her radical mastectomy. Nurse Harried glanced at the JP drain inserted at the end of surgery, and noticed there was more drainage since the last check. She jotted down the amount, so that she could record it in the computer’s new Intake/Output (I/O) module. Although she had been instructed to use tablet PCs for data entry, she preferred the desktop workstations to the cumbersome tablet setup. She found an open workstation and stared at the blinking Teddy Roosevelt cursor as the log-on process proceeded slowly. The program finally launched, and a couple of screens later she was on the I/O page where she recorded her numbers and printed out the report for Dr. Lerner, the Surgical Fellow on-call for the evening.
MARROW COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR FROM HUMAN LUNG

Abstract: Colony stimulating factor (CSF) has been purified 2300-fold from human autopsy lung-conditioned medium yielding a specific activity of 2.7 × 10 6 u/mg protein. The CSF stimulates the growth of granulocytic and macrophage colonies from both mouse and human bone marrow. Purified human lung CSF (HLCM-CSF) is a glycoprotein with a MW of 41,000 D. It is stable at 50° C for 30′ and over the pH range of 6.5 − 10.5. Its activity is destroyed by subtilisin and chymotrypsin, but is unaffected by neuraminidase. Antiserum prepared against purified HLCM-CSF in rabbits exerts strong inhibition on HLCM-CSF as well as on CSF from other human sources including serum, urine and placenta, but does not inhibit mouse lung CSF. Preliminary evidence is presented for a CSF-receptor site on the colony forming cell (CFU-C) membrane.
A Surgeon's Guide to Imaging Surveillance for Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Implications for Revision Central Neck Dissection

Abstract Introduction: This video was an invited presentation at the 88th Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association on the topic of “Surveillance” for thyroid carcinoma. Materials and Meth...
Etanercept to control inflammation in the treatment of complicated neurocysticercosis

Manifestations of neurocysticercosis (NCC) are primarily due to host inflammatory responses directed at drug-damaged or naturally degenerating metacestodes (cysts) of the tapeworm Taenia solium. Prolonged high-dose corticosteroids are frequently required to control this inflammation in complicated disease, often causing severe side effects. Studies evaluating alternatives to corticosteroids are lacking. Here, we describe the clinical course of NCC in 16 patients prescribed etanercept (ETN), a tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor to control inflammation resulting from anthelmintic treatment. Twelve patients with extraparenchymal NCC were administered ETN with corticosteroids (11/12, 91.7%) and/or methotrexate (9/12, 75.0%). The median age of the subgroup with extraparenchymal NCC was 40 years (range 26-57 years) and 66.7% were male. They were administered ETN for a median period of 311 days (range 31-461 days) and then followed for a median of 3.4 years (range 0.3-6.6 years). Among nine assessable patients, all improved clinically after starting ETN and one deteriorated transiently. Of the remaining three, one was lost to follow-up and two patients have improved but had not completed their assigned course. Four additional persons with recurrent perilesional edema (PE) episodes were given ETN for a median of 400.5 days (range 366-854 days) and followed post-ETN for a median of 1.7 years (range 0.2-2.4 years). All PE patients improved and two successfully tapered corticosteroids. Etanercept administration was associated with clinical improvement, stable disease, absence of recurrence, and lack of serious side effects. Etanercept appears to contribute to the control of inflammation and facilitate corticosteroid taper.
Investigation of F-BAR domain PACSIN proteins uncovers membrane tubulation function in cilia assembly and transport.

The intracellular ciliogenesis pathway requires membrane trafficking, fusion, and reorganization. Here, we demonstrate in human cells and zebrafish that the F-BAR domain containing proteins PACSIN1 and -2 play an essential role in ciliogenesis, similar to their binding partner and membrane reorganizer EHD1. In mature cilia, PACSINs and EHDs are dynamically localized to the ciliary pocket membrane (CPM) and transported away from this structure on membrane tubules along with proteins that exit the cilium. PACSINs function early in ciliogenesis at the ciliary vesicle (CV) stage to promote mother centriole to basal body transition. Remarkably, we show that PACSIN1 and EHD1 assemble membrane tubules from the developing intracellular cilium that attach to the plasma membrane, creating an extracellular membrane channel (EMC) to the outside of the cell. PACSIN proteins are known to mediate membrane tubulation. Here the authors show that PACSIN - positive membranous tubules extend from the ciliary pocket membrane and during ciliogenesis from the ciliary vesicle to the plasma membrane, called extracellular membrane channels (EMCs).
Spirituality and Domestic Violence Work

Spirituality is increasingly recognized as an important resource for clients coping with trauma and crises. Though more limited, research on the use of spirituality by practitioners has also expanded. This qualitative study involves in-depth interviews with 30 counselors about their work with domestic violence survivors. It focuses on the role and function of counselors’ spirituality in their work, and conversely, the impact of their work on their spiritual beliefs.
Rompiendo barreras en el pensamiento creativo desde la enseñanza media

Se describen aqui los esfuerzos en los que se han involucrado algunas instituciones de ensenanza privadas y publicas como el Massachusetts Institute of Technology, el Rhode Island School of Design o escuelas privadas como NuVu en Cambridge para incorporar el arte en la ensenanza de materias troncales en las que se incluyen ciencias, tecnologia, ingenieria y matematicas (STEM por sus siglas en ingles). Estas y otras instituciones estan haciendo grandes logros para proveer a estudiantes de ensenanzas medias la capacidad para incorporar el pensamiento creativo, critical thinking, para ayudarles a ser mejores lideres en sus areas de especializacion.
The massive M31 cluster G1: detailed chemical abundances from integrated light spectroscopy

G1, also known as Mayall II, is one of the most massive star clusters in M31. Its mass, ellipticity, and location in the outer halo make it a compelling candidate for a former nuclear star cluster. This paper presents an integrated light abundance analysis of G1, based on a moderately high-resolution (R=15,000) spectrum obtained with the High Resolution Spectrograph on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope in 2007 and 2008. To independently determine the metallicity, a moderate resolution (R~4,000) spectrum of the calcium-II triplet lines in the near-infrared was also obtained with the Astrophysical Research Consortium's 3.5-m telescope at Apache Point Observatory. From the high-resolution spectrum, G1 is found to be a moderately metal-poor cluster, with [Fe/H]=-0.98+/-0.05. G1 also shows signs of alpha-enhancement (based on Mg, Ca, and Ti) and lacks the s-process enhancements seen in dwarf galaxies (based on comparisons of Y, Ba, and Eu), indicating that it originated in a fairly massive galaxy. Intriguingly, G1 also exhibits signs of Na and Al enhancement, a unique signature of GCs -- this suggests that G1's formation is intimately connected with GC formation. G1's high [Na/Fe] also extends previous trends with cluster velocity dispersion to an even higher mass regime, implying that higher mass clusters are more able to retain Na-enhanced ejecta. The effects of intracluster abundance spreads are discussed in a subsequent paper. Ultimately, G1's chemical properties are found to resemble other M31 GCs, though it also shares some similarities with extragalactic nuclear star clusters.
Eimeria varia Upton, Campbell, Weigel & McKown, 1990 is a Junior Synonym of Eimeria megabubonis Upton, Campbell, Weigel & McKown, 1990

The present work aims to morphologically and molecularly characterize an Eimeria sp. recovered from an adult, captive barred owl Strix varia in Mississippi, USA. While the owl was shedding oocysts, no clinical signs of coccidiosis were observed. Oocysts collected from a barred owl, S. varia were isolated from feces by fecal flotation and characterized by light microscopy. The oocysts were allowed to sporulate in K2Cr2O7 for 7 days and measured for comparison with previously described Eimeria species. Genomic DNA was extracted from measured oocysts and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial gene was amplified and sequenced for comparison and phylogenetic analyses with publicly available sequence data. Oocysts collected from S. varia were morphologically and molecularly consistent with all previous accounts of Eimeria megabubonis from the great horned owl Bubo virginianus and morphologically consistent with the only account of Eimeria varia from S. varia. Phylogenetic analyses grouped the E. megabubonis sequence from the present study with previously reported sequences from E. megabubonis. Morphological and molecular data from oocysts collected in this study reveal S. varia is a host for E. megabubonis. Agreement between current data, morphological and molecular data of E. megabubonis, and morphological data from the original description of E. varia indicates E. varia is a junior synonym of E. megabubonis.
Transition of Linear Polymer Dimension from Theta to Collapsed Regime

Coil-to-globule transitions of polystyrene (over a range of molecular weights with narrow molecular distributions) in cyclohexane and in methyl acetate showed that the collapsed state based on the static radius of gyration (Rg ) could be achieved while those based on the hydrodynamic radius were yet to be realized by using the light-scattering technique. Master curves of as 3|r|M1/2 versus |r|M1/2 [with αs=Rg(T)/Rg(θ) and r = (T-θ)/θ] revealed solvent-dependent plateaus and the onset of phase-separation behavior in the metastable region of the coexistence curve at very dilute but finite concentrations. Our experimental results differ from most reported in the literature but compare favorably with the blob theory.
Seriously Social: Young Adults, Social Media and News

This study examined the relationship between young adults' social media use and their news consumption. A survey of two large college populations found significant correlations indicating a negative relationship between social media use and consumption of news n = 345. Two scenarios were tested: a complementary engagement hypothesis, which suggests that social media use may aid news consumption through ambient exposure to news, and Robert Putnam's displacement hypothesis, in which social media use may consume time and attention, thereby impeding news use. The results of the analysis suggest that social media use-specifically social networking sites such as Facebook-may in fact displace news use at the cost of leaving young people less informed.
The structure of tobacco necrosis virus: II. Terminal amino acid residues of the protein subunit

Abstract The amino end group of the protein of tobacco necrosis virus (TNV), unlike those of most other plant viruses, was found to be unsubstituted. Reactions with fluorodinitrobenzene and 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl) resulted in the identification of alanine as the amino terminal residue. Leucine aminopeptidase, at slightly alkaline pH, released up to 62% of the theoretical value of alanine from the whole virus. The TNV coat protein N-terminus is therefore identical to that of its satellite and the RNA-containing bacteriophages. Kinetic studies with carboxypeptidase suggested that the C-terminal sequence of tobacco necrosis virus coat protein is …Ser·Val·Val·Met. Quantitative end-group analysis was in agreement with the earlier suggested molecular weight of the protein subunit as 33,300. The number of tryptic peptides separated on fingerprints was also consistent with these data.
Native Americans and Cancer Risks: Moving Toward Multifaceted Solutions

Native Americans experience some of the poorest health statistics of any people in the United States, including rising cancer risks. If we are to truly understand and address health concerns among Native Americans, we need multifaceted interventions and policy solutions. Much of the current attention to Native American health issues examines behavioral health patterns and related interventions (that is, smoking rates and programs to moderate them). While such programs are necessary, they are not sufficient. It is imperative that the impact of the environment, including toxic waste exposure, be considered when examining cancer risk and moving toward solutions that reduce that risk for Native Americans. This article examines cancer risk factors related to both health behaviors and the physical environment. By examining these two areas, we can begin to understand the risks and move toward appropriate programmatic and policy solutions.
Carbon and nitrogen metabolism and reversible protein phosphorylation

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the regulation of activity of several enzymes involved in carbon- and nitrogen-metabolisms that are phosphorylated by either calmodulin-like domain protein kinases (CDPKs) or sucrose nonfermenting-1 (SNF1)-related protein. Coordination between carbohydrate metabolism and nitrogen assimilation is essential to avoid direct competition, and it potentially involves control at several levels including gene expression, membrane transport, and enzyme activity. One important mechanism that may impact all three levels is reversible protein phosphorylation. Recent studies have also identified several other enzymes, including trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and glutamine synthetases, as phosphoproteins because they interact with 14-3-3 proteins in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Several transport activities that may impact metabolism either directly or indirectly may also be controlled by phosphorylation. Of particular importance is the possible regulation by phosphorylation of ion and solute transport, for example, the plasma membrane H + -adenosine triphosphate (ATP)ase, plasma membrane K + channel, and the sucrose transporter.
Mathematics, the Ultimate Challenge to Embodiment: Truth and the Grounding of Axiomatic Systems

Publisher Summary This chapter looks at the embodiment of stable inferential patterns created and sustained by communities of individuals, which exist beyond the individuals themselves. The approach taken here is comparable to the study of, say, speech accents, in that although they are created, manifested, and sustained by individuals, they—the speech accents themselves—constitute distinctions we make at a supra-individual level. The chapter analyzes the embodied cognitive mechanisms that make human abstraction and their supra-individual crystallization possible, and sees how they bring mathematics, its concepts, and inferential organization, into being. The chapter aims to provide a brief overview of what is the nature of mathematics from the perspective of embodied cognitive science and conceptual systems. It intends to show how the inferential organization of mathematics emerges from everyday cognitive mechanisms of human imagination realized via embodied conceptual mappings such as metaphor, metonymy, and conceptual blends.
Dynamic key management for secure routing in MANET: Research Articles

A secure key management scheme for the locality caching multi-root multi-generation (LCMRMG) MANET routing algorithm is proposed. The scheme takes advantage of the multi-root nature of LCMRMG and successfully integrates public key, certification and threshold technologies. The scheme is hierarchical and fully distributed. The key management operations are flexible in secure share distribution and scalable well to large MANET. Extensive simulations have shown that the scheme is secure, robust, efficient, and scalable. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Muscular dystrophy-related hospitalizations among male pediatric patients in the United States.

AbstractObjective. While the economic burden of muscular dystrophy (MD) has been well documented, little is known of specific costs associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most prevalent form of MD. This study assessed trends in MD-related hospitalizations and costs among young males, which may reflect utilization of the DMD population in the United States. Study design. A retrospective observational study of hospitalizations of males aged 0–20 years with a primary diagnosis code for MD was conducted using data from a weighted, nationally representative database of pediatric hospitalizations in the US. Rates, characteristics and cost of MD-related hospitalizations were compared to hospitalizations not related to MD. Results. The rate of MD-related hospitalizations increased by 9% between 2000 and 2006 and then decreased by 13% in 2009. The mean length of stay for discharges related to MD was approximately 9 days during each study year. The most frequent observed diagnoses (other than MD) an...
Molecular mechanisms of the interplay between Vpx and SAMHD1.

Background SAMHD1, a dGTP-regulated deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphohydrolase, down-regulates dNTP pools in terminally differentiated and quiescent cells, thereby inhibiting HIV-1 infection at the reverse transcription step. HIV-2 and SIV counteract this restriction via a virion-associated virulence accessory factor, Vpx (Vpr in some SIVs), which loads SAMHD1 onto CRL4-DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin ligase for poly-ubiquitination, programming it for proteasome-dependent degradation. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of SAMHD1 recruitment to the E3 ligase have not been defined. Further, whether divergent, orthologous Vpr/Vpx proteins, encoded by distinct HIV/ SIV strains, bind SAMHD1 in a similar manner, at a molecular level, is not known.
Identifying Writing Difficulties in First Grade: An Investigation of Writing and Reading Measures

Early identification of students who are at risk for writing difficulties is an important first step in improving writing performance. First grade students (N = 150) were administered a set of early writing measures and reading measures in January. Sentence Writing Quality and Oral Reading Fluency demonstrated strong classification accuracy when a Teacher Rating was used to identify which students had writing difficulties (AUC > .90), and the combined measures yielded sensitivity and specificity indices exceeding 0.90. The combined reading and writing measures yielded AUCs of a higher magnitude than those associated with individual measures when norm-referenced writing subtests were used to identify which students had writing difficulties (AUC in .80 range). The findings suggest that it may be possible to accurately identify which students may be at risk for writing difficulties within first grade.
Exploiting Correlation in Sparse Signal Recovery Problems: Multiple Measurement Vectors, Block Sparsity, and Time-Varying Sparsity

A trend in compressed sensing (CS) is to exploit structure for improved reconstruction performance. In the basic CS model, exploiting the clustering structure among nonzero elements in the solution vector has drawn much attention, and many algorithms have been proposed. However, few algorithms explicitly consider correlation within a cluster. Meanwhile, in the multiple measurement vector (MMV) model correlation among multiple solution vectors is largely ignored. Although several recently developed algorithms consider the exploitation of the correlation, these algorithms need to know a priori the correlation structure, thus limiting their effectiveness in practical problems. Recently, we developed a sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) algorithm, namely T-SBL, and its variants, which adaptively learn the correlation structure and exploit such correlation information to significantly improve reconstruction performance. Here we establish their connections to other popular algorithms, such as the group Lasso, iterative reweighted $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ algorithms, and algorithms for time-varying sparsity. We also provide strategies to improve these existing algorithms.