cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Efficient new methods for the determination of integrated atomic properties via atom specifie electron density functions based on subsets of selected localized molecular orbitals and the reduction of the space of the primitives

Abstract Atomic properties are central to discussions of bonding and reactivity, and topological electron density analysis provides a powerful framework for their rigorous determination. Whereas the topological method can be applied routinely to comparatively small molecules, its application to large molecules is somewhat impeded by the rather considerable amounts of computer time required. Here, we describe two new methods for the determination of integrated atomic properties that greatly reduce the integration times while maintaining the generality, the rigor, and the accuracy of the topological partitioning method. The principle of the methods consists in reducing the total molecular electron density function to atom-specific electron density functions that accurately describe the electron density distribution in the basin of the atom whose properties are being determined. It is shown that this task can be accomplished either by a reduction of the space of the primitives in which the wave function is expanded or via electron density functions defined by atom-specific subsets of selected localized molecular orbitais. With the current integration algorithm the latter method is more efficient. The two methods can be combined. The theoretical principles and the computational implementation of the methods are discussed. Their performances have been tested for a series of polyines C 2 n H 2 and polynitriles C n N n H n +2 ( n =1–5 and 10) and the topological characteristics and the integrated properties are found to be in excellent agreement with results obtained by the conventional technique. Importantly, it is shown that with the subset selection, integration time requirements approach an upper limit as the size of the molecule increases. The methods perform equally well for all kinds of basis sets, allowing for the analysis of large molecules described by spliced basis sets. The rigorous electron density analysis of very large molecular systems becomes feasible.
Policy Analysis of Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008

Youth “age out” of the child welfare when they are no longer eligible for services due to their age. These youth often face hardships across multiple domains of their lives. Recent evidence shows youth remaining in care beyond age 18 fare better than those who exit care at age 18. With the passage of recent federal legislation, states have more opportunities for federal funding to extend services to youths “aging out.” This article explores the issue of youths aging out of the child welfare system and analyzes the Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008.
Iloprost Improves Gas Exchange in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension and ARDS

Objective We hypothesized that nebulized iloprost would improve ventilation-perfusion matching in patients with pulmonary hypertension and ARDS as reflected by an improved Pa o 2 /F io 2 ratio and Pa o 2 without adversely affecting lung mechanics or systemic hemodynamics. Methods Patients with ARDS and pulmonary hypertension were enrolled. With constant ventilator settings, hemodynamics, airway pressures, and gas exchange measured at baseline were compared with values 30 min after administration of 10 μg nebulized iloprost, and again 30 min after a second, larger, 20 μg dose of iloprost, and then a final measurement 2 h after the second dose. The primary outcome variable was Pa o 2 ; secondary outcomes were Pa o 2 /F io 2 ratio, mean arterial BP, and lung-compliance ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and CO 2 . Results After informed consent was obtained, 20 patients (nine men, 11 women; median age, 59 years [interquartile range, 44-66 years]) with ARDS were enrolled. Baseline Pa o 2 improved from a mean (± SD) of 82 (13) mm Hg to 100 (25) mm Hg after both the first and second doses of iloprost, and the baseline mean (± SD) Pa o 2 /F io 2 ratio of 177 (60) improved to 213 (67) and 212 (70) (all P co 2 , peak and plateau airway pressures, systemic BP, and heart rate were not significantly changed after iloprost. Conclusions The improvement in gas exchange without any detrimental effects on pulmonary mechanics or systemic hemodynamics suggests nebulized iloprost may be a useful therapeutic agent to improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS. Trial registry ClinicalTrials.gov ; No.: NCT01274481 ; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov
ACTION RESEARCH AS COMMENCEMENT: A MODEL FOR PRACTICING TEACHERS

(2000). ACTION RESEARCH AS COMMENCEMENT: A MODEL FOR PRACTICING TEACHERS. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education: Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 235-247.
Nighttime Catches of Fishes in a Tidal Cove in Montsweag Bay near Wiscasset, Maine

Abstract Summer nighttime abundance and localized distribution of fishes in a tidal cove were studied by beach seining for comparison with a previous daytime study. American eels were relatively abundant at night and absent during the day. Alewife, blueback herring, and Atlantic silver-side were more abundant in the cove at night. Although mummichog numbers were greatly reduced at night, they remained an important constituent of the night fauna. Lesser components of the night fauna included Atlantic herring, Atlantic tomcod, smooth flounder, winter flounder, and rainbow smelt.
Application of Electromagnetic Logging to Contamination Investigations in Glacial Sand‐and‐Gravel Aquifers

Electromagnetic (EM) logging provides an efficient method for high-resolution, vertical delineation of electrically conductive contamination in glacial sand-and-gravel aquifers. LM. gamma, and lithologic logs and specific conductance data from sand-and-gravel aquifers at five sites in the northeastern United States were analyzed to define the relation of KM conductivity to aquifer lithology and water quality. Municipal waste disposal, septic waste discharge, or highway deicing salt application at these sites has caused contaminant plumes in which the dissolved solids concentration and specific conductance of ground water exceed background levels by as much as 10 to 20 limes. The major hydrogeologic factors that affected KM log response at the five sites were the dissolved solids concentration of the ground water and the silt and clay content in the aquifer. KM conductivity of sand and gravel with uncontaminated water ranged from less than 5 to about 10 millisiemens per meter (mS/m); that of silt and clay zones ranged from about 15 to 45 mS/m: and that of the more highly contaminated zones in sand and gravel ranged from about 10 to more than 80 mS/m. Specific conductance of water samples from screened intervals in sand and gravel at selected monitoring well installations was significantly correlated with KM conductivity. CM logging can be used in glacial sand-and-gravel aquifer investigations to (1) determine optimum depths for the placement of monitoring well screens: (2) provide a nearly continuous vertical profile of specific conductance to complement depth-specific water quality samples; and (3) identify temporal changes in water quality through sequential logging. Detailed lithologic or gamma logs, preferably both, need to be collected along with the F.M logs to define zones in which elevated EM conductivity is caused by the presence of sill and clay beds rather than contamination.
Multimode interference spectrometer

Designs and simulations for a class of integrated photonic lightwave circuit spectrometers with low manufacturing tolerance are presented. The designs are applicable to all material platforms, including, but not limited to, silicon, glass, polymer, sol-gel, and gallium arsenide.
Coded source neutron imaging

Coded aperture techniques have been applied to neutron radiography to address limitations in neutron flux and resolution of neutron detectors in a system labeled coded source imaging (CSI). By coding the neutron source, a magnified imaging system is designed with small spot size aperture holes (10 and 100μm) for improved resolution beyond the detector limits and with many holes in the aperture (50% open) to account for flux losses due to the small pinhole size. An introduction to neutron radiography and coded aperture imaging is presented. A system design is developed for a CSI system with a development of equations for limitations on the system based on the coded image requirements and the neutron source characteristics of size and divergence. Simulation has been applied to the design using McStas to provide qualitative measures of performance with simulations of pinhole array objects followed by a quantitative measure through simulation of a tilted edge and calculation of the modulation transfer function (MTF) from the line spread function. MTF results for both 100μm and 10μm aperture hole diameters show resolutions matching the hole diameters.
Homology modeling of the estrogen receptor subtype β (ER-β) and calculation of ligand binding affinities

Estrogen is a steroid hormone playing critical roles in physiological processes such as sexual differentiation and development, female and male reproductive processes, and bone health. Numerous natural and synthetic environmental compounds have been shown capable of estrogenic effects. This area has been the focus of significant fundamental and applied research due both to the potential detrimental effects of these compounds upon normal physiological processes and to the potential beneficial effects of tissue-selective estrogen agonists/antagonists for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Genomic effects of the active form of estrogen, 17beta-estradiol, are mediated through at least two members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, estrogen receptor subtype alpha (ER-alpha) and estrogen receptor subtype beta (ER-beta). At the time of this work, the X-ray crystal structure of the ER-alpha had been elucidated, however, coordinates of the ER-beta were not publicly available. Based upon the significant structural conservation across members of the steroid hormone receptor family, and the high sequence homology between ER-alpha and ER-beta (>60%), we have developed a homology model of the ER-beta structure. Using the crystal structure of ER-alpha and the homology model of ER-beta, we demonstrate a strong correlation between computed values of the binding-energy and published values of the observed relative binding affinity (RBA) for a variety of compounds for both receptors, as well as the ability to identify receptor subtype selective compounds. Furthermore, using the recently available crystal structure of ER-beta for comparison purposes, we show that not only is the predicted homology model structurally accurate, but that it can be used to assess ligand binding affinities.
Hepatitis C variability, patterns of resistance, and impact on therapy.

Hepatitis C (HCV), a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, is the most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States. Although annual incidence of infection has declined since the 1980s, aging of the currently infected population is expected to result in an increase in HCV burden. HCV is prone to develop resistance to antiviral drugs, and despite considerable efforts to understand the virus for effective treatments, our knowledge remains incomplete. This paper reviews HCV resistance mechanisms, the traditional treatment with and the new standard of care for hepatitis C treatment. Although these new treatments remain PEG-IFN-α- and ribavirin-based, they add one of the newly FDA approved direct antiviral agents, telaprevir or boceprevir. This new “triple therapy” has resulted in greater viral cure rates, although treatment failure remains a possibility. The future may belong to nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, non-nucleoside RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors, or cyclophilin inhibitors, and the treatment of HCV may ultimately parallel that of HIV. However, research should focus not only on effective treatments, but also on the development of a HCV vaccine, as this may prove to be the most cost-effective method of eradicating this disease.
Prediction-Based Structured Variable Selection through the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves

In many clinical settings, a commonly encountered problem is to assess accuracy of a screening test for early detection of a disease. In these applications, predictive performance of the test is of interest. Variable selection may be useful in designing a medical test. An example is a research study conducted to design a new screening test by selecting variables from an existing screener with a hierarchical structure among variables: there are several root questions followed by their stem questions. The stem questions will only be asked after a subject has answered the root question. It is therefore unreasonable to select a model that only contains stem variables but not its root variable. In this work, we propose methods to perform variable selection with structured variables when predictive accuracy of a diagnostic test is the main concern of the analysis. We take a linear combination of individual variables to form a combined test. We then maximize a direct summary measure of the predictive performance of the test, the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC of an ROC), subject to a penalty function to control for overfitting. Since maximizing empirical AUC of the ROC of a combined test is a complicated nonconvex problem (Pepe, Cai, and Longton, 2006, Biometrics62, 221-229), we explore the connection between the empirical AUC and a support vector machine (SVM). We cast the problem of maximizing predictive performance of a combined test as a penalized SVM problem and apply a reparametrization to impose the hierarchical structure among variables. We also describe a penalized logistic regression variable selection procedure for structured variables and compare it with the ROC-based approaches. We use simulation studies based on real data to examine performance of the proposed methods. Finally we apply developed methods to design a structured screener to be used in primary care clinics to refer potentially psychotic patients for further specialty diagnostics and treatment.
Calcium isotope ratios in the homestead and pasamonte meteorites and a devonian limestone

Isotope abundance results obtained for “common” calcium (Devonian limestone) were, in atom per cent: 40 96.88 ± 0.05 42 0.655 ± 0.006 43 0.138 ± 0.002 44 2.12 ± 0.04 [46 0.0046 ± 0.0010] 48 0.200 ± 0.006 Calcium extracted from the Homestead, Iowa chondrite was isotopically identical to “common” calcium to within ±1 per cent, except for a better measurement of 46Ca/40Ca ratio of (33 ± 1) × 10−6. In contrast, 40Ca may be depleted by as much as 3 per cent in the Pasamonte achondrite, which reportedly has a Ca/K ratio of 150.
Solubilization of HL-A Antigens from Peripheral Blood Leukocytes

Peripheral blood leukocytes, isolated by continuous flow leukapheresis and purification, are an excellent source of HL-A antigen. 3M KCI extraction releases the HL-A antigenic mosaic with good yield and specificity. This technique will allow a selective choice of HL-A representation in source material for studies of biochemical characteristics of the HL-A antigens. The technique would allow preparation of antigen from a proposed allograft donor and the pretreatment of the recipient in attempts to induce specific immunoIogic unresponsiveness.
The H infinity design of equalizers

Kalman filtering has been suggested as a method for the design of equalizers for communication channels with intersymbol interference, and additive random receiver noise. This is possible because a state space structure of the channel model can be constructed. It is appropriate if the noise is truly white, and the finite impulse response model describing the intersymbol interference is short. If the receiver noise is completely arbitrary, except that it has bounded energy, then an H infinity design may be more appropriate, since it is designed to meet these conditions, with a performance guarantee under the worst case situation. An H infinity design can be of full order or reduced order. In this paper we consider the full order case only. The design is not in a stochastic setting, but rather allows one to design for unknown, and possibly very bad disturbances. >
The form sum and the Friedrichs extension of Schrödinger-type operators on Riemannian manifolds

We consider H V = Δ M + V, where (M, g) is a Riemannian manifold (not necessarily complete), and Δ M is the scalar Laplacian on M. We assume that V = V 0 + V 1 , where V 0 ∈ L 2 loc(M) and -C ≤ V 1 ∈ L 1 loc(M) (C is a constant) are real-valued, and Δ M + V 0 is semibounded below on C∞c(M). Let T 0 be the Friedrichs extension of (Δ M + V 0 )|C∞c(M). We prove that the form sum T 0 +(V 1 coincides with the self-adjoint operator T F associated to the closure of the restriction to C∞ c(M) x C∞c(M) of the sum of two closed quadratic forms of To and V 1 . This is an extension of a result of Cycon. The proof adopts the scheme of Cycon, but requires the use of a more general version of Kato's inequality for operators on Riemannian manifolds.
The Effects of State Medicaid Policies on the Dynamic Savings Patterns and Medicaid Enrollment of the Elderly

Medicaid policies that may affect long-term care decisions vary across states and time. Using data from the 1993, 1995, 1998, and 2000 waves of the Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old Survey, we estimate a dynamic empirical model of health insurance coverage, long-term care arrangement, asset and gift behavior, and health transitions over time. Long-run simulations from the estimated model reveal that most Medicaid eligibility and generosity policy variables associated with nursing home services have no effect on Medicaid enrollment and asset behavior. Those policies related to home- and community-based services, however, have a significant but small influence.
Sampling Issues in Research with Nonorganic Failure-to-Thrive Children

Describes the methodological problems posed by sampling characteristics of nonorganic failure-to-thrive (NOFT) children and strategies to address them. Sources of variance in sample characteristics include the criteria used to define NOFT, populations from which samples are drawn, parent refusal and sample attrition, medical and psychological treatment, and individual differences in environmental or biologic risk factors. Undesirable consequences of unrecognized intrasample variation in NOFT include sample bias, limited generalizability of findings across different settings, and erroneous assumption of sample homogeneity. Comprehensive description of sample selection and characteristics will enhance more accurate definition of NOFT, generalizability of findings, and evaluation of the impact of sampling characteristics. Future studies should focus on objective assessment of subtypes of NOFT and the relationship of individual difference variables to psychological status and prognosis.
Blind equalization using CMA: performance analysis and a new algorithm

The performance of the fractionally-spaced CMA (FSCMA) is investigated. The mean square error (MSE) of the FSCMA equalizer is compared with that of the optimal minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer. It has been demonstrated that FSCMA may converge to an undesirable minimum which has an MSE considerably larger than the MMSE. To avoid this drawback, a new algorithm is proposed. The new algorithm, referred to as the constant modulus-correlation fitting (CM-CF) algorithm, simultaneously exploits the constant modulus property of the source and the cyclostationary properties of the fractionally sampled signal. In simulations, the CM-CF offers substantial improvement over the least-squares CMA.
Comments on "Effect of Vergence Adaptation on Convergence Accommodation: Model Simulations

Sreenivasan et al. have used an inappropriate measure to estimate convergence accommodation under closed-loop (CL) accommodation and vergence, which they then used to compare the two adaptation models. In [1, Fig. 8(b)], they used a dual-scale plot to exaggerate the small change in experimental dynamics, but such a plot could only appropriately provide a comparison of steady-state level responses. Quantitative analysis of the static model of accommodation and vergence showed that subtraction of CL and open-loop (OL) responses resulted in a small numerical value, which is close to the authors' experimentally derived value. The authors had assumed erroneously that such a difference would represent the convergence accommodation response. But their value is very different from the large numerical value for convergence accommodation calculated analytically. In the model simulations, the large difference in steady-state convergence accommodation levels for the two models provides a means to assess their appropriateness. Schor's model response exhibited a very small value. On the other hand, Hung's model response exhibited a large value, which is close to the level calculated analytically.
Physical therapy treatment planning approach for a medically fragile child: a case report involving a child with complicated gastroschisis.

Medically fragile children often present with complexities beyond the scope of typical pediatric physical therapy practice. The purpose of this case report is to describe the challenges of treatment planning for a medically fragile child throughout the continuum of care until the child's death as a result of medical complications at 22 months of age. The patient was a young girl with complicated congenital gastroschisis, requiring a multivisceral transplant at the age of 7½ months. As a result of her complex medical condition, gross motor skill development was delayed, and adaptations were required to compensate for absence of functioning abdominal musculature. The fluctuating needs of this child and her family as a result of her unpredictable medical issues, frequent hospitalizations, and illnesses required a varied treatment approach. Through flexibility, goal setting, and treatment planning, intervention challenges were appropriately met. She demonstrated steady gains in overall gross motor skill devel...
A COMPARISON OF INDEXING AND BETA AMONG PENSION AND NONPENSION ASSETS

In this article I contrast the investment behavior of institutional portfolios having pension assets with portfolios having nonpension assets. Differences in incentive compensation plans and regulation give pension executives unique incentives to track benchmark indices. Accordingly, pension assets are more likely than nonpension assets to be allocated to index funds. Also, portfolios composed of pension assets are more likely than other portfolios to (i) have low tracking error in absolute value, (ii) be index funds, and (iii) have market betas close to one. Portfolios with relatively large pension asset market share exhibit similar characteristics and the tendency to index increases with asset class risk. Actively managed pension assets are also more likely to be invested in lower risk asset classes than actively managed nonpension assets.
Synthetic review spamming and defense

Online reviews have been popularly adopted in many applications. Since they can either promote or harm the reputation of a product or a service, buying and selling fake reviews becomes a profitable business and a big threat. In this paper, we introduce a very simple, but powerful review spamming technique that could fail the existing feature-based detection algorithms easily. It uses one truthful review as a template, and replaces its sentences with those from other reviews in a repository. Fake reviews generated by this mechanism are extremely hard to detect: Both the state-of-the-art computational approaches and human readers acquire an error rate of 35%-48%, just slightly better than a random guess. While it is challenging to detect such fake reviews, we have made solid progress in suppressing them. A novel defense method that leverages the difference of semantic flows between synthetic and truthful reviews is developed, which is able to reduce the detection error rate to approximately 22%, a significant improvement over the performance of existing approaches. Nevertheless, it is still a challenging research task to further decrease the error rate. Synthetic Review Spamming Demo: www.cs.ucsb.edu/~alex_morales/reviewspam/
Long-term prognosis of endodontically treated teeth: a retrospective analysis of preoperative factors in molars.

Abstract Introduction Long-term predictability of restored endodontically treated teeth is important for the decision of tooth retention versus extraction and implant placement. The purpose of this study was to validate the hypothesis that preoperative factors can predict the long-term prognosis of molars requiring endodontic and restorative treatment for future prognostic investigations. Methods A clinical database was searched for molar endodontic treatments with crown placement and a minimum of 4-year follow-up. Charts of 42 patients with 50 individual treatments were randomly selected. Information concerning crown lengthening; periodontal diagnosis; attachment loss; furcation involvement; mobility; and internal, external, or periradicular resorption was recorded. Radiographs from treatment initiation and follow-up were digitalized. The presence of apical periodontitis was evaluated. Available ferrule was calculated from bitewing radiographs using CAD software (AutoCAD; Autodesk, Cupertino, CA). The resulting data, age, sex, and times of restoration and follow-up were analyzed for correlation with the presence of apical radiolucency at follow-up and the following four possible outcome scenarios: "no event," "nonsurgical retreatment," "surgical retreatment," or "extraction" using Spearman rank order correlation analysis. Results Patients' ages ranged from 19 to 87 years, 22 were male and 20 female, and 48 teeth (96.0%) were retained at follow-up. Of those, 44 (88.0%) were without intervention ("no event"), and four (8.0%) underwent surgical or nonsurgical retreatment. Two teeth (4.0%) had been extracted. Significant positive correlations existed between "untoward events" (any form of retreatment or extraction) and "prognostic value according to periodontal status" ( p = 0.047) and "attachment loss" ( p = 0.042). Conclusion The only preoperative factors significant for the prognosis of restored endodontically treated molars were related to periodontal prognostic value and attachment loss. It can be concluded that it may be difficult to predict the prognosis of molars in need for endodontic treatment and restoration from prognostic factors not related to periodontal disease.
Evolutionary Change of the Numbers of Homeobox Genes in Bilateral Animals

It has been known that the conservation or diversity of homeobox genes is responsible for the similarity and variability of some of the morphological or physiological characters among different organisms. To gain some insights into the evolutionary pattern of homeobox genes in bilateral animals, we studied the change of the numbers of these genes during the evolution of bilateral animals. We analyzed 2,031 homeodomain sequences compiled from 11 species of bilateral animals ranging from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans. Our phylogenetic analysis using a modified reconciled-tree method suggested that there were at least about 88 homeobox genes in the common ancestor of bilateral animals. About 50‐60 genes of them have left at least one descendant gene in each of the 11 species studied, suggesting that about 30‐40 genes were lost in a lineage-specific manner. Although similar numbers of ancestral genes have survived in each species, vertebrate lineages gained many more genes by duplication than invertebrate lineages, resulting in more than 200 homeobox genes in vertebrates and about 100 in invertebrates. After these gene duplications, a substantial number of old duplicate genes have also been lost in each lineage. Because many old duplicate genes were lost, it is likely that lost genes had already been differentiated from other groups of genes at the time of gene loss. We conclude that both gain and loss of homeobox genes were important for the evolutionary change of phenotypic characters in bilateral animals.
Chronology of Miocene-Pliocene Deposits at Split Mountain Gorge, Southern California: A Record of Regional Tectonics and Colorado River Evolution

Late Miocene to early Pliocene deposits at Split Mountain Gorge, California, preserve a record of basinal response to changes in regional tectonics, paleogeography, and evolution of the Colorado River. The base of the Elephant Trees Formation, magnetostratigraphically dated as 8.1 ± 0.4 Ma, provides the earliest well-dated record of extension in the southwestern Salton Trough. The oldest marine sediments are ca. 6.3 Ma. The nearly synchronous timing of marine incursion in the Salton Trough and northern Gulf of California region supports a model for localization of Pacifi c‐North America plate motion in the Gulf ca. 6 Ma. The fi rst appearance of Colorado River sand at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary (5.33 Ma) suggests rapid propagation of the river to the Salton Trough, and supports a lake-spillover hypothesis for initiation of the lower Colorado River.
The relationship between psychosocial profile, health practices, and pregnancy outcomes

Background. The influence of psychosocial factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, and self-esteem on birth weight is controversial. A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between pregnancy outcomes, psychosocial profile, and maternal health practices. Methods. 3,149 low-income, predominantly African-American pregnant women participated in this study. A 28-item psychosocial scale measured the constructs of negative and positive affect, self esteem, mastery, worry, and stress. Maternal health practices were assessed with 11 questions dealing with diet, exercise, and the use of preventive medical and dental services. Results. A low score on either scale indicated “poor” psychosocial or health practices status. Low birth weight, preterm delivery, and intrauterine growth retardation occurred in 10.9, 10.1 and 7.3% of the pregnant women respectively. In women with low psychosocial scores, the risk of both low birth weight and preterm delivery was 40% higher and the mean birth weight...
On the Application of Wh Movement and Inversion in Code-Switching Sentences

Cet article etudie les contraintes sur l’application de mouvement Wh et d’inversion du sujet dans les phrases contenant un changement de code. L’auteur montre que ces contraintes decoulent entierement des principes de la grammaire tels qu’ils sont enonces dans la theorie de Gouvernement et Liage (Chomsky 1981).
The ‘one-man band’ and entrepreneurial selfhood in neoliberal culture

This article proposes that the recent history of the live solo multi-instrumentalist, more conventionally known as the ‘one-man band’, might serve as a useful window onto broader transformations in postmodern culture. If the one-person band has historically been understood as a humorous, culturally devalued phenomenon, with its practitioners occupying marginal race and class positions, the recent visibility of solo multi-instrumentalism in indie and experimental rock attests to its altered status in contemporary culture. The present discussion situates the shifting fortunes of the one-person band in relation to the contemporary hegemony of neoliberal conceptions of subjectivity. In their performance of nimble, flexible and omni-competent self-reliance, artists such as Theresa Andersson, Robert Fripp and Andrew Bird model some of the key qualities idealised by theorists of a free-market ‘entrepreneurial selfhood’.
Estimation of Time Varying Parameters in Discrete Time Dynamic Systems: A Tool Wear Estimation Example

The recursive least squares, Kalman filter, and basis function methods for the estimation of time varying parameters are described and compared for a particular example problem. A generalization of these methods for estimation of time varying parameters is presented, based on an adaptive Kalman filter algorithm. The adaptive Kalman filter (or adaptive observer) utilizes a state model with unknown coefficients, of the time varying parameters. All the other estimation methods presented for time varying parameters can be obtained as special cases of the proposed method. The method proposed shows excellent performance on the simple example problem considered, but can be difficult to apply.
THE NATURE OF THE GODS IN EARLY GREEK POETIC THOUGHT

In addressing the question of nature in the ancient Greek world, I thought that I would turn to the gods because they so complicate conventional distinctions between nature and culture.1 At one end of the spectrum, they embody elements of nature and indeed personify natural forces — Zeus, the Indo-European Sky God, cloud gatherer and hurler of thunderbolts, and at the other end they represent ideals of civilization and moral order: Zeus Polieus, Zeus Euboulos (“the Good Counsellor”), Zeus Xenios (“Protector of Hospitality”); or consider anarchic Aphrodite, the joyous and dangerous goddess of sexual intercourse, often flanked by two winged youths Eros and Himeros, abstract nouns for sexual desire and yearning, as contrasted with Aphrodite, defender of cities and warlike Bringer of Victory (Nikephoros), portrayed in sculpture with a diadem of towers on her head.
Outcome of carpal tunnel surgery in Washington State workers' compensation.

All cases of occupational carpal tunnel syndrome (OCTS) who received surgery for this condition in the Washington State workers' compensation system were identified using claim and physician billing databases. One hundred ninety-one incident surgical cases were identified between July 1, 1987 and December 31, 1987, and were followed up a mean of 3 years postoperatively for clinical, disability, and return to work outcomes. Medical record and claim file review was required for clinical and employment information. The mean age of all patients was 36.6 years, 48% were female, and 40% received bilateral surgery. The mean time from claim filing to surgery was 187 days. Ninety-eight percent of cases met the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) case definition for OCTS. Relief of pain was complete or modest in 86% (124/145) and only 14% of cases reported no improvement in symptoms. Mean duration of disability (time loss) postoperatively was nearly 4 months, and 8% of cases exceeded 1 year of time loss. The majority of cases returned to their same job (67%) or to a different job (15%). Workers in high risk occupations were less likely to return to the same job after CTS surgery compared to those in lower risk occupations (61% vs. 75%, p = 0.08). In this population, no association was seen between any outcome and age, gender, marital status, or baseline wage. Duration of disability was not significantly related to preoperative severity of OCTS or to more specific case criteria for this condition. These findings suggest that disability following surgery for OCTS may be related to other medical, psychosocial, administrative, legal, or work-related factors not evaluated in this study. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Impact of Plant Genetic Engineering on Foods and Nutrition

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 THE TECHNOLOGIES OF PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Plant Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Gene Expression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Gene Inactivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Genetic analysis of serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in rats.

The inheritance of serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity was studied using Mendelian crosses derived from four inbred rat strains. Serum enzyme activity is inherited as an autosomal co-dominant trait in female rats. In males, however, serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity is inherited as if it were an autosomal dominant trait, with low activity being dominant over high activity, indicating that sex-related modifiers of serum enzyme activity are present in rats. The contribution of sex-linked inheritance to serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity is suggested by the data.
Preparation and administration of chemotherapy. Haematological consequences for hospital-based nurses.

This study examined the question of whether previous exposure to cytostatic drugs by oncology nurses was sufficient to lead to haematological phenotypical subclinical abnormalities which had previously been identified in a population of patients who had received chemotherapy as an adjuvant to breast surgery. A comparison of baseline haematological parameters, and the results of a prednisolone stimulation test, was made between nurses regularly coming into contact with such agents and an age-adjusted group of nurses who had not been exposed. Although there is a persistent trend toward lower neutrophils, platelets, monocytes and neutrophil reserves in the nurses who handled antineoplastic agents, a statistically significant decrement in these parameters was not identified. Such a finding should help to reassure individuals who have had similar exposure, but does not negate the importance of following published recommended guidelines for the handling and dispensing of antineoplastic agents.
A hybrid elitist pareto-based coordinate exchange algorithm for constructing multi-criteria optimal experimental designs

This paper presents a new Pareto-based coordinate exchange algorithm for populating or approximating the true Pareto front for multi-criteria optimal experimental design problems that arise naturally in a range of industrial applications. This heuristic combines an elitist-like operator inspired by evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms with a coordinate exchange operator that is commonly used to construct optimal designs. Benchmarking results from both a two-dimensional and three-dimensional example demonstrate that the proposed hybrid algorithm can generate highly reliable Pareto fronts with less computational effort than existing procedures in the statistics literature. The proposed algorithm also utilizes a multi-start operator, which makes it readily parallelizable for high performance computing infrastructures.
Excited State of Be 9 from the B 11 ( d , α ) Be 9 * Reaction

The alpha-particles from boron bombarded by 1.51-Mev deuterons have been investigated with a magnetic spectrometer. Two groups of alpha-particles have been assigned to the reaction ${\mathrm{B}}^{11}(d,\ensuremath{\alpha}){\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ with $Q$-values of 8.018\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007 and 5.596\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006 Mev, indicating a virtual state of ${\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ at 2.422\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005 Mev. The previously unreported alpha-particle group corresponding to this excited state had a natural half-width of less than 7 kev. No additional alpha-groups corresponding to excited states of ${\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ were observed for excitations of ${\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ from 0 to 5.0 Mev.
O-033 a re-evaluation of the isuia criteria and the phases score for predicting intracranial aneurysmal rupture

Purpose Both the International Study of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms (ISUIA) criteria and the PHASES score are being widely used by physicians when trying to weigh the risk of intervention on an unruptured aneurysm. Published in 2003, the ISUIA study predicted the risk of aneurysmal rupture based primarily upon its size and site. Posterior circulation aneurysms larger than 7 mm were reported as having the highest rupture risk when compared to their counterparts in the anterior circulation. A decade later, the PHASES score was developed to calculate aneurysmal rupture risk based upon the patient population, history of hypertension, age, size of aneurysm, history of earlier subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and site of aneurysm. A cumulative score of 8 predicts a 5-year risk of rupture of 3.2%. Our study was designed to investigate the characteristics of ruptured aneurysms at a large, academic teaching hospital and to compare these to the data published in both the ISUIA and PHASES studies. Materials and methods Using our institutional subarachnoid hemorrhage database, we identified patients with intracranial aneurysms treated at Emory University Hospital over the last decade. These patients were then stratified by ethnicity, size and location of aneurysm, history of hypertension, history of earlier SAH, and age. In addition, we included smoking as a parameter of interest in our analysis. Results A total of 520 ruptured aneurysms were identified in this preliminary study, with the following results In addition, except for scores of 13 and 14, all other PHASES score groups contained patients of whom at least 20% smoked. Conclusion Approximately 77% of the aneurysms in our preliminary study ruptured at a size smaller than 7 mm, regardless of location in either the anterior or posterior circulations. More than half the patients had a PHASES score of less than 4, with almost 90% of our patients having a score of less than 8. This score is reported as having a 5-year rupture risk of 3.2%, a similar percentage to the risk of 5-year mortality from surgical or endovascular intervention. As our database continues to grow, we plan to continually re-analyze these findings. However, from our preliminary study, it seems that a strict adherence to the ISUIA criteria and the PHASES score does not prevent the majority of morbidity-mortality from ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Further studies are needed to re-evaluate these tools. Disclosures A. Salehani: None. D. McCracken: None. S. Halani: None. J. Boulter: None. L. Philipp: None. G. Pradilla: None. R. Nogueira: None.
Analysis of Anemia Status of School Children in Rural Area of Xihe County after the Earthquake in Gansu Province

OBJECTIVE To know the anemia status of schoolchildren in rural area of Xihe County after the"5.12"earthquake.METHODS Selected 930 school children aged from 7 to 15 as the research object by cluster random sampling method.To measure the content of hemoglobin by cyanmethemoglobin and calculate the rate of anemia.The diagnostic criterion is according to the children and adolescents hemoglobin screening GB.RESULTS The rate of anemia of schoolchildren in rural area of Xihe County after earthquake is 15.3%,the difference between age group have no statistical significance(χ2=2.614,P=0.271).Rate of anemia of boys and girls respectively is 18.5% and 11.9%,the difference have statistical significance(χ2=7.808,P=0.010),which were caused by the difference between boys and girls in 13～15 age group,the rate of anemia of boys and girls in 13～15 age group respectively is 21.8% and 12.1%(χ2=6.992,P=0.010).The anemia status of schoolchildren are all on mild level.CONCLUSION In this area anemia is common in every age group schoolchildren,and the boy's rate of anemia is higher than girl's in 13～15 age group,this may be related to local economic position,people's nutrition status,the change of disease occurring after the earthquake,personal habit of dietetic hygiene and whether having breakfast,so we have to do more intensive study to find out the specific influencing factors.
Technical Analysis of Local Automation System in Smart Hydropower Plant

The automation system integrated framework of smart hydropower plant(SHP) and the features that the local automation system(LAS) of SHP should have,are introduced.The current situation of hydropower plants' LAS is analyzed.Besides,based on the studies of smart substation,the technology of LAS of SHP is discusses from several aspects: the high speed data bus for local system is constructed with IEC 61850,architecture of local system,intelligence of local system.At last,it expounds the develop trend of LAS for SHP.
Attention and Pattern Consciousness Reorganize the Cortical Topography of Event-Related Potential Correlates of Visual Sequential Learning.

Statistical or sequential learning (SL) involves comprehending environmental patterns in which some items precede other items with a given likelihood. SL is thought to occur without attention or consciousness (or explicit knowledge) of the learned patterns and thus is sometimes considered to be implicit learning. However, this assumption is still debatable (Daltrozzo & Conway, 2014). We examined the role of selective attention and pattern consciousness (PC) in SL using event-related potentials (ERP) with healthy adults. Thirty-four participants (27 females, 18-49 years) performed a Flanker task to assess their level of selective attention, followed by a visual SL task while ERPs were recorded. Participants’ level of PC was assessed via a questionnaire. In the SL task, participants viewed a sequence of different stimuli on the screen and were instructed to press a button as fast as possible, when they saw a target stimulus. They were unaware that: 1.) two predictor items were embedded in the sequence and 2.) the items predicted target occurrence with high or low probability. ERPs were timelocked to predictor onsets. The mean ERP between 200 and 700ms post-predictor onset revealed an interaction between target occurrence probability, PC, attention, and two scalp topographic factors. Post-hoc tests indicated that higher attention was related to a more rostral left lateralized effect under high PC and a left lateralization of SL ERP effects under low PC. These neural findings suggest that both attention and PC modulate SL.
The Effect of Immunizing Female Rats with Modified Rat Pituitary Extract

Immune reactions to a number of hormones have been induced, but information is lacking on the feasibility of inducing immune reactions to homologous gonadotropins. Female rats immunized with diazotized and tyrosylated rat pituitary extract containing gonadotropic activity and emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant expressed various reproductive disturbances such as increased cycle length (7.0 days), increased number of sterile matings, reduced implantation in animals becoming pregnant, and reduced ability to carry fetuses to term. These effects were not exhibited by rats immunized similarly with diazotized or tyrosylated rat pituitary extract containing no detectable gonadotropic activity. Rats not becoming pregnant had a significantly higher antibody level to rat luteinizing hormone than did rats becoming pregnant. No significant elevation of rat follicle-stimulating hormone antibodies was noted. It is concluded that auto-immune reactions to gonadotropins can be induced and that very low levels of antibodies have a significant effect on reproduction.