cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Black Conservatives, Color-Conscious Whites, and the Cost of Ideological Deviance

This article examines and problematizes the everyday practice of ascribing ideology to skin color. This practice is widespread in part because particular ideologies compliment the dominantly expressed racial perspectives of specific racial groups. These ideologies are not only normative to their group, but group members privilege these ideologies by using ideological adherence as a rule for racial group membership. By looking at two unconventional groups, Black conservatives and color-conscious Whites, we consider the ways that Americans use both political and racial ideologies as a litmus test for authentic racial group membership. Both groups are marginalized within their racial group because their viewpoints and agendas are often read as antagonistic to the standing of the in-group and the broad goals of the majority of their racial counterparts. By de-emphasizing the role of the state, Black conservatives challenge the well-worn path many Blacks have travelled to secure egalitarian victories. Color-conscious Whites, on the other hand, call attention to the racial advantages their group receives and criticize the racial supremacist ideologies and practices that buttress the dominant standing of White Americans. Instead of taking the deviant individual’s worldview to task on principled terms, many so-called guardians of racial group interest will dodge substantive political discourse by labeling Black conservatives and color-conscious Whites as ‘lost,’ ‘self-loathing,’ or even ‘pathological.’ We suggest that American political discourse will gain complexity if we stop dismissing the ideological minorities within racial groups on shallow grounds, and start asking why they think and act the way they do. Perhaps this line of questioning will open up new possibilities for political coalitions.
Evidence for Hydroxamate Siderophores and Other N-Containing Organic Compounds Controlling 239,240Pu Immobilization and Remobilization in a Wetland Sediment

Pu concentrations in wetland surface sediments collected downstream of a former nuclear processing facility in F-Area of the Savannah River Site (SRS), USA, were ∼2.5 times greater than those measured in the associated upland aquifer sediments; similarly, the Pu concentration solid/water ratios were orders of magnitude greater in the wetland than in the low-organic matter content aquifer soils. Sediment Pu concentrations were correlated to total organic carbon and total nitrogen contents and even more strongly to hydroxamate siderophore (HS) concentrations. The HS were detected in the particulate or colloidal phases of the sediments but not in the low molecular weight fractions (<1000 Da). Macromolecules which scavenged the majority of the potentially mobile Pu were further separated from the bulk mobile organic matter fraction (“water extract”) via an isoelectric focusing experiment (IEF). An electrospray ionization Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (ESI FTI...
Mating Behavior of Rhagoletis mendax (Diptera: Tephritidae) Flies in Nature

The site of mating initiation of the blueberry maggot fly, Rhagoletis mendax Curran, shifts from blueberry leaves (feeding and shelter site) during early season to the fruit (oviposition site) thereafter. This shift appears to be a consequence of a shift in female activity and receptivity. Females were most receptive to mating early in the season while on leaves. Most matings initiated on fruit appeared to result from males force mating unreceptive females engaged in oviposition-related activities which limited female ability to flee or resist. Males mounted other males more often than they did females, indicating the inability of males to distinguish between the sexes before mounting.
Aircraft Trim Recovery from Highly Nonlinear Upset Conditions

Aircraft loss of control (LOC) can result from a large spectrum of causal and contributing factors and is manifested as flight outside of the normal operating envelope and not predictably altered by pilot (or flight system) control inputs. LOC can also be characterized by nonlinear aircraft effects that degrade handling (or flying) qualities, including kinematic and/or inertial coupling, disproportionately large responses to small state variable changes, and oscillatory and/or divergent behavior. Some specific examples of nonlinear upset phenomena include stall / spin, falling leaf, and roll-pitch coupling oscillations. Although LOC need not be unrecoverable, it will become so if proper action is not taken. Recovery depends upon the timely execution of two critical actions: 1.) Determination of a desired feasible trim condition that the aircraft is able to recover to and reside on; and 2.) Determination of a control strategy that is capable of bringing the aircraft back to fly at the desired trim condition. This paper will investigate aircraft recovery from highly nonlinear upset conditions to a desired stable trim point that can be safely maintained. The test bed is a 6 d.o.f 12-state flight dynamics simulation model of an FA-18 like aircraft, which is nonlinear, flight-condition dependent. The proposed LOC prevention and recovery control strategies may also be applied to transport aircraft configurations for which nonlinear upset data is available.
Determination of Time-Resolved Heat Transfer Coefficient and Adiabatic Effectiveness Waveforms With Unsteady Film Cooling

Traditional hot gas path film cooling characterization involves the use of wind tunnel models to measure the spatial adiabatic effectiveness (η) and heat transfer coefficient (h) distributions. Periodic unsteadiness in the flow, however, causes fluctuations in both η and h. In this paper we present a novel inverse heat transfer methodology that may be used to approximate the η(t) and h(t) waveforms. The technique is a modification of the traditional transient heat transfer technique that, with steady flow conditions only, allows the determination of η and h from a single experiment by measuring the surface temperature history as the material changes temperature after sudden immersion in the flow. However, unlike the traditional transient technique, this new algorithm contains no assumption of steadiness in the formulation of the governing differential equations for heat transfer into a semi-infinite slab. The technique was tested by devising arbitrary waveforms for η and h at a point on a film cooled surface and running a computational simulation of an actual experimental model experiencing those flow conditions. The surface temperature history was corrupted with random noise to simulate actual surface temperature measurements and then fed into an algorithm developed here that successfully and consistently approximated the η(t) and h(t) waveforms.
Innovative service mode based on information management of libraries

The article expounds the connotation and contents of the knowledge management and the characteristics and contents of the knowledge service based on the knowledge management. The author points out that it is the best strategic choice for the innovative knowledge service to keep the pace with the times,and to be always ready to meet the challenges of the new century.
Is Sport Sponsorship Global? Evidence from the United States, the United Kingdom, and India

This study sought to develop and test a cross-national sport sponsorship model. Sponsorship and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theories were utilized for the theoretical framework for this study. A survey was conducted with 522 Chelsea FC soccer club’s fans from the United States, the United Kingdom, and India in the area of sponsorship through a jersey sponsorship. Single and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the global sport sponsorship model. The results acknowledged the measurement and structural invariance of a global model for five sport sponsorship outcomes (i.e., sponsorship awareness, sponsorship fit, attitude toward the sponsor, gratitude, and purchase intentions), controlling for age, gender, education, household income and the household’s decision maker. The statistical analyses indicated that structural relationships among the analyzed sponsorship outcomes were invariant among all three countries. The effect of sponsorship fit predicted the presence of purchase intentions, while the attitude toward the sponsor was the strongest predictor of purchase intentions.
Writing Urban Space: Street Art, Democracy, and Photographic Cartography:

In this article, the street is both a place of travel and a space for critical discourse. As tensions between public and private spaces play out in the streets, street artists claim visible space t...
Situating the Experience of Maternal Incarceration: Childhood and Young Adult Context

Abstract Purpose We descriptively examined measures of family structure, socioeconomic disadvantage, and exposure to crime, violence, and substance use in young adulthood and childhood for those who experienced maternal incarceration as children. Methodology/Approach We used data from waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. We compared these individuals to two groups: those who did not experience maternal incarceration and those who experienced paternal incarceration. We generated weighted means and conducted F-tests using bivariate regressions to determine where these groups significantly differed. Findings We found that individuals whose mothers were incarcerated during their childhoods experienced greater hardships in both childhood and young adulthood than those whose mothers were not incarcerated. Individuals who experienced maternal incarceration reported similar levels of socioeconomic disadvantage and exposure to crime and violence as those who experienced paternal incarceration. One notable exception was family structure, where maternal incarceration was associated with significantly fewer respondents reporting living with their mother or either biological parent. Social Implications With the exception of family structure, the childhood and transition to adulthood were comparable for individuals experiencing any form of parental incarceration. These children were significantly more disadvantaged and exposed to more risk factors than those whose parents were never incarcerated. Additional support and resources are necessary for families who have incarcerated parents, with special outreach made to families without a biological mother in the household. Originality/Value of Paper There has been no overarching, descriptive study comparing child and young adult outcomes of those with an incarcerated mother using a nationally representative, longitudinal dataset in the United States.
Comparison of Preparative High Density Lipoprotein Separation Methods for Subsequent Omic Analysis

Multiple methods are used to separate high density lipoprotein (HDL) from plasma, including an array of density-based ultracentrifugation methods, as well as dextran sulfate separation. Ultracentri...
Optimal execution of co-analysis for large-scale molecular dynamics simulations

The analysis of scientific simulation data enables scientists to derive insights from their simulations. This analysis of the simulation output can be performed at the same execution site as the simulation using the same resources or can be done at a different site. The optimal output frequency is challenging to decide and is often chosen empirically. We propose a mathematical formulation for choosing the optimal frequency of data transfer for analysis and the feasibility of performing the analysis, under the given resource constraints such as network bandwidth, disk space, available memory, and computation time. We propose formulations for two cases of co-analysis - local and remote. We consider various analyses features such as computation time, input data and memory requirement, importance of the analysis and minimum frequency required for performing the analysis. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using molecular dynamics applications on the Mira and Edison supercomputers.
Galliwasp: A Goal-Directed Answer Set Solver

Galliwasp is a goal-directed implementation of answer set programming. Unlike other answer set solvers, Galliwasp computes partial answer sets which are provably extensible to full answer sets. Galliwasp can execute arbitrary answer set programs in a top-down manner similar to SLD resolution. Galliwasp generates candidate answer sets by executing ordinary rules in a top-down, goal-directed manner using coinduction. Galliwasp next checks if the candidate answer sets are consistent with restrictions imposed by OLON rules. Those that are consistent are reported as solutions. Execution efficiency is significantly improved by performing the consistency check incrementally, i.e., as soon as an element of the candidate answer set is generated. We discuss the design of the Galliwasp system and its implementation. Galliwasp’s performance figures, which are comparable to other popular answer set solvers, are also presented.
Use of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Tooth Extractions, Dental Implants, and Periodontal Surgical Procedures

Background: Guidelines for antibiotics prior to dental procedures for patients with specific cardiac conditions and prosthetic joints have changed, reducing indications for antibiotic prophylaxis. In addition to guidelines focused on patient comorbidities, systematic reviews specific to dental extractions and implants support preprocedure antibiotics for all patients. However, data on dentist adherence to these recommendations are scarce. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of veterans undergoing tooth extractions, dental implants, and periodontal procedures. Patients receiving antibiotics for oral or nonoral infections were excluded. Data were collected through manual review of the health record. Results: Of 183 veterans (mean age, 62 years; 94.5% male) undergoing the included procedures, 82.5% received antibiotic prophylaxis (mean duration, 7.1 ± 1.6 days). Amoxicillin (71.3% of antibiotics) and clindamycin (23.8%) were prescribed most frequently; 44.7% of patients prescribed clindamycin were not labeled as penicillin allergic. Of those who received prophylaxis, 92.1% received postprocedure antibiotics only, 2.6% received preprocedural antibiotics only, and 5.3% received pre- and postprocedure antibiotics. When prophylaxis was indicated, 87.3% of patients received an antibiotic. However, 84.9% received postprocedure antibiotics when preprocedure administration was indicated. While the majority of antibiotics were indicated, only 8.2% of patients received antibiotics appropriately. The primary reason was secondary to prolonged duration. Three months postprocedure, there were no occurrences of Clostridium difficile infection, infective endocarditis, prosthetic joint infections, or postprocedure oral infections. Conclusion: The majority of patients undergoing a dental procedure received antibiotic prophylaxis as indicated. Although patients for whom antibiotic prophylaxis was indicated should have received a single preprocedure dose, most antibiotics were prescribed postprocedure. Dental stewardship efforts should ensure appropriate antibiotic timing, indication, and duration.
Little Ice Age catastrophic storms and the destruction of a Shetland Island community

Abstract Subarctic communities are useful bellwethers of human adaptability to climate change. Previous studies have compared the socio ecological adaptations of culturally comparable but geographically separated communities such as medieval Greenland and Iceland. In the Shetland Islands during the Little Ice Age (LIA) unusual storminess in the 16th and 17th centuries deposited wind driven sand in the township of Broo, Dunrosssness, and on its surrounding estates. Documents, historical records and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dated sand layers show the history of deposition, and reveal two episodes of sand movement one from the mid 16th century, the second from the late 17th or early 18th century. Artifacts, records and stratigraphy suggest Broo's inhabitants successfully resisted the 16th century sand incursion, but were driven from their homes by the early 18th century. Adjacent communities embedded in the same socio economic culture survived the same events and remain viable settlements to the present day. Wind simulations demonstrate that storm conditions are likely to produce markedly lower wind velocities in the area around Broo than over the surrounding landscape making it singularly vulnerable to sand inundation. In this instance human ingenuity and resilience could not counter the misfortune of location. We conclude that in this marginal environment small geographical differences had profound and lasting impact on survivability during an episode of catastrophic environmental change.
Association of urinary citrate excretion, pH, and net gastrointestinal alkali absorption with diet, diuretic use, and blood glucose concentration

Urinary citrate (Ucit) protects against urinary stone formation. Acid base status and diet influence Ucit. However, the effect of demographics, diet, and glucose metabolism on Ucit excretion, urinary pH (U-pH) and net gastrointestinal alkali absorption (NAA) are not known. Twenty-four hour urine samples, blood glucose, creatinine, and cystatin C were obtained from non-Hispanic white sibships in Rochester, MN (n = 446; 64.5 ± 9 years; 58% female). Diet was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. The impact of blood glucose, demographics and dietary elements on Ucit excretion, U-pH, and NAA were evaluated in bivariate and multivariable models and interaction models that included age, sex, and weight. NAA significantly associated with Ucit and U-pH. In multivariate models Ucit increased with age, weight, eGFRCys, and blood glucose, but decreased with loop diuretic and thiazide use. U-pH decreased with serum creatinine, blood glucose, and dietary protein but increased with dietary potassium. NAA was higher in males and increased with age, weight, eGFRCys and dietary potassium. Significant interactions were observed for Ucit excretion with age and blood glucose, weight and eGFRCys, and sex and thiazide use. Blood glucose had a significant and independent effect on U-pH and also Ucit. This study provides the first evidence that blood glucose could influence urinary stone risk independent of urinary pH, potentially providing new insight into the association of obesity and urinary stone disease.
Synthesis of Cellulose-graft-Polypropionic Acid Nanofiber Cation-Exchange Membrane Adsorbers for High-Efficiency Separations

Fabrication of membrane adsorbers with elevated binding capacity and high throughput is highly desired for simplifying and improving purification efficiencies of bioproducts (biotherapeutics, vaccines, etc.) in the biotechnological and biopharmaceutical industries. Here we demonstrate the preparation of a novel class of self-supported, cellulose-graft-polypropionic acid (CL-g-PPA) cation-exchange nanofiber membrane adsorbers under mild reaction conditions for the purification of positively charged therapeutic proteins. In our fabrication method, acrylonitrile was first polymerized and surface grafted onto cellulose nanofibers using cerium ammonium nitrate as a redox initiator to form cellulose-g-polyacrylonitrile (CL-g-PAN). CL-g-PAN was then submitted to a hydrolyzation reaction to form CL-g-PPA cationic membrane adsorbers. Morphology and structural characterization illustrated the formation of CL-g-PPA membranes with uniform coating of polyacid nanolayers along the individual nanofibers without disturbi...
Climate change, population, and poverty: vulnerability and exposure to heat stress in countries bordering the Great Lakes of Africa

Global climate models predict increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events across the African continent during the remainder of the twenty-first century. Projected increases in temperature extremes have significant implications for humanity, particularly in the African Great Lakes region (GLR) where some of the world’s poorest and most vulnerable populations reside. Using high-resolution Community Earth System Model (CESM) simulations to investigate the impacts of climate change under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 and spatially explicit population trajectories consistent with two shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs), we contrast early and projected late century human exposure to temperature extremes and the associated potential health impacts for nine countries of the GLR. While all countries are projected to experience increases in the number of heat stress days, the greatest increases occur in the north and west, in parts of Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Nighttime relief diminishes due to 3–8° increases in average minimum temperatures. Country-wide population exposure to extreme heat stress increases 7- to 269-fold over current levels. Total population growth as well as rural-urban distribution patterns strongly influence outcomes, but to a lesser degree than the warming climate.
TCTAP C-034 Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty of a Calcified Lesion in an Anomalous Origin of Right Coronary Artery

### Patient Initials or Identifier Number Mr SS ### Relevant Clinical History and Physical Exam A 57 year old gentleman with background history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented with acute central chest pain. His vital signs were stable, BP: 139/80 mmHg and Pulse rate: 60 beats per
125Iodine Reimplantation for Locally Progressive Prostatic Carcinoma

We treated 13 patients with a second 125iodine implant for local recurrence of prostatic carcinoma. All patients had biopsy proved palpable recurrence without evidence of distant metastases. Full doses of irradiation were used (median matched peripheral dose 170 Gy.). Six patients had complete regression of palpable recurrence, 2 had partial regression, 2 had no apparent response and 3 were unevaluable for local response. Actuarial freedom from local disease progression at 5 years was 51%. Despite a relatively high rate of local disease control the actuarial rate of distant metastases reached 100% at 6 years after reimplantation. There were 2 severe rectal complications and 4 instances of mild to moderate urinary incontinence among the 13 patients. Local regression of recurrent prostatic carcinoma may be achieved with 125iodine reimplantation but most patients still had distant metastases.
Presentation of proteins encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes by dendritic cells initiates CD8(+) T-cell responses in vivo.

Liposomes have been proposed as a vehicle to deliver proteins to antigen-presenting cells (APC), such as dendritic cells (DC), to stimulate strong T cell–mediated immune responses. Unfortunately, because of their instability in vivo and their rapid uptake by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system on intravenous administration, most types of conventional liposomes lack clinical applicability. In contrast, sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) have increased in vivo stability. It is shown that both immature and mature DC take up SL into neutral or mildly acidic compartments distinct from endocytic vacuoles. These DC presented SL-encapsulated protein to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vitro. Although CD4+ T-cell responses were comparable to those induced by soluble protein, CD8+ T-cell proliferation was up to 300-fold stronger when DC had been pulsed with SL-encapsulated ovalbumin. DC processed SL-encapsulated antigen through a TAP-dependent mechanism. Immunization of mice with SL-encapsulated ovalbumin led to antigen presentation by DC in vivo and stimulated greater CD8+ T-cell responses than immunization with soluble protein or with conventional or positively charged liposomes carrying ovalbumin. Therefore, the application of SL-encapsulated antigens offers a novel effective, safe vaccine approach if a combination of CD8+and CD4+ T-cell responses is desired (ie, in anti-viral or anti-tumor immunity).
A USER CENTRIC TYPOLOGY OF IS REQUIREMENTS

With a boom in e-commerce, organizations have to contend with fulfilling IS (Information Systems) requirements of rapidly rising numbers of external users in addition to internal users. However, currently there is a gap in IS literature. Virtually no typological scheme (TS) exists for IS user requirements. And a typology is widely acknowledged as the first step towards understanding a phenomenon (Bailey, 1994). Using relevant research findings in the areas of job satisfaction, customer satisfaction and product quality this study explores the possibility of developing a TS of user requirements suitable to the IS context. The aim is to provide researchers with a theoretical foundation for user-centric research in requirements engineering. The outcome of the study, iteratively reached, through literature review and experimentation, is encouraging. The requirement types identified in the suggested TS are found to have both theoretical and empirical support with positive implications for research as well as practice.
Cognitive impairment and treatment effects among gastrointenstinal stromal tumor survivors: Results of a large online survey.

e23092Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is chronic and negatively affects quality of life (QOL) for a large portion of cancer survivors. To date, no studies have exclusively ex...
Principles of Rectal Cancer Management: Preoperative Staging, Neoadjuvant Treatment, Basic Principles of TME, and Adjuvant Treatment

The treatment of rectal cancer has evolved remarkably over the past 200 years, mainly because of a better understanding of the anatomy, biology, and natural history of the disease. Important advances, including refinement of surgical technique, improved imaging, and selective use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, have led to an increased number of sphincter-sparing operations, rectal and nerve preservation, lower local recurrence rates, and improved cancer survival. The use of minimally invasive techniques in combination with enhanced recovery protocols has resulted in quicker recovery, fewer complications, and shorter length of hospital stay. Multidisciplinary team management of rectal cancer – including surgical, medical, and radiation oncologists; pathologists; radiologists; gastroenterologists; and stoma therapists – has been shown to improve clinical decision-making and clinical outcomes for individuals with rectal cancer.
Matched pair analysis to evaluate the impact of hospitalization during radiation therapy as an early marker of survival in head and neck cancer patients

Abstract Background Complications from radiotherapy (RT) alone or combined with surgery and/or chemotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) sometimes necessitate hospitalization. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency, cause, and survival outcomes associated with hospitalizations in patients undergoing RT for HNC. Patients and methods Using a retrospective single-institution database, we reviewed hospitalization records of HNC patients treated at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center with definitive or post-operative RT between 2003 and 2017. Patients who were admitted during treatment and within 90-days post-RT were identified. Multivariate analyses, Kaplan-Meier statistics, and analysis on propensity score matching were performed to obtain matched-pair, after matching baseline characteristics, such as age, gender, smoking, tumor staging, p16 status, and treatments received. Results 839 patients were eligible for analysis. Median follow-up was 34.8 months (Interquartile range [IQR] 15.6–64.8). 595 (71%) received definitive RT and 244 (29%) received adjuvant RT. Chemotherapy was used in 671 patients (80%). 171 patients (20%) had at least one hospitalization. Dehydration (40%) and fever (29%) were the most frequent causes of admission. Hospitalized patients had significantly worse overall survival (OS) (Hazards ratio [HR] 1.61, 95% CI 1.26–2.07, p Conclusion This study reveals significantly worse OS and CSS for patients hospitalized during RT for HNC. Hospitalization may be an early marker for worse survival.
Predicting graduate student performance – A case study

Graduate admission has become critical for quality assurance. An innovative solution is needed to achieve efficiency and consistency in the admission process at institutions. However, the existing ...
Dizziness or “Spells”: An Endocrine Approach

Dizziness may be the presenting symptom of multiple underlying issues, including some endocrine disorders such as hypoglycemia, adrenal insufficiency or thyroid disorders. Similarly, “spells” that may include dizziness, palpitations, sweating, flushing or pallor, and headache or abdominal pain have a wide differential diagnosis including hypoglycemia, or, much less commonly, pheochromocytoma, carcinoid, or mastocytosis. This chapter will discuss the diagnostic approach to dizziness and spells, with particular attention to possible endocrine causes of these symptoms.
Cryptosporidium: host and parasite transcriptome in infection

Cryptosporidium is a waterborne gastrointestinal parasite that causes outbreaks of diarrheal disease worldwide. Despite the impact of this parasite on human health there are no effective drugs or vaccines. Transcriptomic data can provide insights into host-parasite interactions that lead to identification of targets for therapeutic interventions. However, for Cryptosporidium, interpreting transcriptomes has been challenging, in part due to the presence of multiple life cycle stages, the lack of appropriate host cells and the inability to culture the parasite through its complete life cycle. The recent improvements in cell culture and the ability to tag and isolate specific life cycle stages will radically improve transcriptomic data and advance our understanding of Cryptosporidium host-parasite interactions.
Histologic effects of MicroPulse™ transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in normal equine eyes.

Objective Determine the immediate post-operative effects of MicroPulse™ transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) in healthy equine eyes. Animals studied Ten adult horses. Methods MP-TSCPC was performed on sedated horses in 12 eyes (4 groups) using the following parameters (power, duration, duty cycle): (1) 2000 mW, 180 seconds, 31.3%; (2) 3000 mW, 180 seconds, 31.3%; (3) 3000 mW, 270 seconds, 31.3%; and (4) 3000 mW, 270 seconds, 50%. Three additional eyes were left untreated (control). Eyes were monitored clinically until euthanasia (mean = 3 hours post-procedure). Histologic sections were assessed with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results MP-TSCPC was well tolerated by sedated horses. Adverse effects were only noted in Group 4: ocular hypertension (n = 3/3), conjunctival burns (3/3), aqueous flare (2/3), and a corneal erosion (1/3). Histologic scoring of Group 4 was statistically greater than other treated groups (1-3) and control eyes (P ≤ .021). TEM showed subtle changes to the mitochondria and plasma membrane infoldings of the basilar surface of the nonpigmented epithelium in all treated eyes. Conclusions MP-TSCPC does not cause immediate post-procedure adverse clinical effects or pronounced morphological changes to the ciliary body, except with the highest laser settings evaluated (power 3000 mW, duration 270 seconds, duty cycle 50%).
Impact of remote delivery on a pharmacists' patient care process capstone course on the development of patient work-up skills

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused colleges of pharmacy to abruptly change teaching strategies mid-semester in Spring 2020 due to campus closure and transition to remote learning The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pandemic-induced remote learning on student skill acquisition in a third year pharmacy student (P3) Pharmacists' Patient Care Process (PPCP) capstone course Methods: Student performance on weekly quizzes and mid-term and final practical examinations were evaluated before and after implementation of remote learning in 2020 and were compared with a previous class in 2019 Paired and anonymous student perceptions of their skill development were also compared within the same semester and between years Independent sample and paired Student's t tests were used to compare means, the Pearson correlation was used to identify associations between continuous variables, and nonparametric tests were used to compare ordinal data Results: In 2020, student performance was significantly higher on quizzes at the end of the semester after implementation of remote learning compared with pre-remote learning (8 2 ± 1 6 vs 7 7 ± 1 8 points, P < 05) Students performed significantly worse on the final examination compared with the mid-term examination (21 2 ± 5 4 vs 23 4 ± 5 3 points, P < 05) in 2020 Students also performed significantly worse on the final examination in 2020 compared with 2019 (21 3 ± 5 4 vs 23 1 ± 5 4, P < 01) In both 2019 and 2020, students rated their ability to meet course objectives higher at the end of the semester compared with the beginning of the semester (P < 05) Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in course delivery, participation, and assessment had a mixed effect on development of a systematic process for patient work-up skills using the PPCP Students progressed throughout the semester on early PPCP patient work-up skills, but performance decreased when higher level skills or later PPCP steps were assessed and was lower compared with a previous offering of the course
Standing out while fitting in: Examining linguistic choices by boundary spanners

Boundary spanners live a precarious social life. They need to stand out to receive ideas from different groups and fit into some groups enough to influence their peers. We investigated how boundary...
Policing, schooling and human capital accumulation☆

Abstract A substantial body of empirical literature argues that greater investment in schools can lower criminality and violence. On the other hand, recent work demonstrates that low levels of public safety can have serious detrimental effects on educational outcomes. This paper develops a model to analyze the roles that investments in education and public safety have for student's educational attainment, and explores the optimal balance between the two public programs. I analyze individual decisions to acquire violence related skills at the expense of human capital accumulation in a setting where the former serves to protect one's property or expropriate that of others. Therefore, if the level of public safety, which prevents violent confrontations, is low, the incentives to study will also be lower. Moreover, the agents who accumulate more human capital and hence are more productive suffer a comparative disadvantage in exerting violence because their opportunity cost of doing so is higher. I show that if investments in public education increase the productivity spread between adult agents of different ability, the incentives to study might further decrease and lead to a lower output, showing that the benefits of schooling can only be seized if they are complemented with enough public safety.
Communication Privacy Management and Pregnancy Loss in Interpersonal Workplace Communication

Pregnancy loss occurs in roughly one in five pregnancies in the United States. However, though previous research notes both the importance of communication about pregnancy loss and the importance o...
Histologic Phenotypes and Outcomes in Single vs Double Lung Transplantation among Recipients with Interstitial Lung Disease

Purpose The role of single vs double lung transplantation for ILD remains controversial due to heterogeneity within this population. This study elucidates the role of explant histology on outcomes among patients undergoing a single vs double lung transplant. Methods A total of 412 patients with ILD transplanted from 2001-2019 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were stratified by those who underwent a single (n=239, 58%) or double (n=173, 42%) lung transplant. Explant pathology reports were analyzed to understand the effect of histologic phenotypes and post-transplant outcomes. Primary outcomes of interest included overall and CLAD free survival. Treatment effects were obtained using a multivariable Cox-proportional hazards function. Results Of the total population, 41.7% had UIP, 26.5% NSIP, 5.8% mixed NSIP+UIP, 14.8% hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), and 11.2% sarcoid on explant pathology. Overall survival was similar between histologic phenotypes. HP and NSIP had earlier development of CLAD compared to sarcoidosis and UIP. A single lung transplant was an independent predictor of mortality among recipients with HP at explant pathology on multivariable analysis. Single lung transplant was also an independent predictor for CLAD among patients with NSIP and HP. The rest of the histologic phenotypes UIP, mixed NSIP+UIP ad sarcoid failed to show a significant difference in any of the outcomes by the use of single vs double lung transplant. Conclusion Patients with ILD have distinct pathologic characteristics and related post lung transplant outcomes. Recipients with UIP, mixed NSIP+UIP and sarcoid treated with a single lung transplant had no adverse overall and CLAD-free survival. Recipients with conditions at risk for earlier CLAD, such as HP and NSIP, may benefit from double lung transplantation. Lung biopsies prior to transplantation may aid in donor lung allocation among patients with ILD and optimize organ utilization.
Suture Granuloma Diagnosed and Treated With Bedside Ultrasound

Abstract Background Emergency physicians frequently evaluate patients with postoperative wound issues. The differential is broad, but obviously includes postoperative site infections. We present a case where a suspected postoperative abscess was evaluated with bedside ultrasound prior to incision and drainage. Suture material was recognized, shifting our approach to treatment of the lesion. Case Report A 24-year-old female patient presented with pain, swelling, and drainage from a left lower quadrant abdominal wound that had been present since undergoing a laparoscopic appendectomy 1 year prior. A computed tomography scan was performed, which was negative for foreign bodies. Prior to incision and drainage, a bedside ultrasound was performed to evaluate the lesion, which was notable for sonographic findings consistent with suture material. Suture granuloma was diagnosed, and ultrasound was then used to successfully guide retrieval of the suture. To our knowledge, this is the first published case where ultrasound was used to both diagnose and dynamically remove the offending suture material. We briefly discuss suture granulomas, their sonographic appearance, and management. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? Emergency physicians frequently perform ultrasound on suspected abscesses prior to incision and drainage and should be aware of the sonographic appearance of suture material as it would change management if present. If a suture granuloma is suspected due to swelling at a postoperative site, ultrasound use should be strongly considered for evaluation.
Laparoscopic repair of bilateral inguinal hernias each containing sigmoid colon in a premature infant

Abstract Inguinal hernias are rare in the general population but are more frequently seen in premature infants. Risk factors include male gender, small for gestational age, low birth weight and respiratory distress. Infant inguinal hernias most frequently contain small bowel. Other contents can include the appendix and cecum, and rarely, the sigmoid colon. Sigmoid colon as content of inguinal hernia in children has only been reported twice in literature, and in both cases it was unilateral. We present the first reported case of bilateral inguinal hernias containing the sigmoid colon in a premature boy, who additionally had the appendix and the cecum in the right hernia. This is also the first reported laparoscopic repair of such a hernia.
The Legacy of Israel in Judah's Bible: History, Politics, and the Reinscribing of Tradition

The Legacy of Israel in Judah's Bible undertakes a comprehensive re-evaluation of the Bible's primary narrative in Genesis through Kings as it relates to history. It divides the core textual traditions along political lines that reveal deeply contrasting assumptions, an approach that places biblical controversies in dialogue with anthropologically informed archaeology. Starting from close study of selected biblical texts, the work moves toward historical issues that may be illuminated by both this material and a larger range of textual evidence. The result is a synthesis that breaks away from conventional lines of debate in matters relating to ancient Israel and the Bible, setting an agenda for future engagement of these fields with wider study of antiquity.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE NONLINEARITY COUPLED HEAVE, PITCH, AND ROLL MOTIONS OF A SHIP IN LONGITUDINAL WAVES

The loss of dynamic stability and the resulting large-amplitude roll of a vessel in a head or following sea were studied theoretically and experimentally. A ship with three degrees of freedom (roll, pitch, heave) was considered. The governing equations for the heave and pitch modes were linearized and their harmonic solutions were coupled with the roll mode. The resulting equation, which has time varying coefficients, was used to predict resonance in roll. The principal parametric resonance was considered in which the excitation frequency is twice the natural frequency in roll. Force- response phenomena and multiple stable solutions for the case of subcritical instability was observed in the experiments and found to be in good qualitative agreement with the results predicted by the theory. The experiments also revealed that the large-amplitude roll is dependent on the location of the model in the standing waves.
The use of Raman microscopy and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry in the examination of synthetic organic pigments in modern works of art

Synthetic organic pigments are widely used in modern and contemporary works of art. They have been examined by a variety of techniques including spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, and X-ray powder diffraction as well as chromatographic or mass spectrometric techniques such as pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI–MS). Often, a combination of techniques has been used to examine these pigments. This paper describes use of Raman spectroscopy to create a database of colorants including two pigments not previously reported, PO1 and PO2. Then, using Raman spectroscopy in combination with LDI–MS, samples from modern works of art by artists including Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman, and Jose de Rivera were examined in order to identify the pigments present. One finding was that Rothko used a variety of red pigments over the course of his career including PR11 which has not been previously reported in artwork, and PO2 found with its positional isomer PR1. Knowledge of the colorants serves to inform conservators about display and treatment decisions. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Studies of the affinity of nuclear material for uroporphyrin: 1. The nuclei and chromosomes of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells

Abstract The affinity of nuclear components of EAT cells for uroporphyrin I, in vivo and in vitro , was studied and compared with that for its zinc complex as well as hematoporphyrin, hematoporphyrin derivative, and protoporphyrin. Uroporphyrin and its zinc complex showed affinity for nuclei but the others were found mainly in the cytoplasm. Chromosomes from uroporphyrin-laden EAT cell nuclei showed persisting red fluorescence even after many and various washings incident to the method of preparation. The nucleoli of certain EAT cells receiving uroporphyrin in vivo , fluoresced more strongly than did the nuclei themselves. This is considered in relation to the variable content of RNA and histones in nucleoli.
Scientific Self-Regulation—So Good, How Can it Fail?

To be a functional alternative to government regulation, self-regulation of science must be credible to both scientists and the public, accountable, ethical, and effective. According to some, serious problems continue in research ethics in the United States despite a rich history of proposed self-regulatory standards and oversight devices. Successful efforts at self-regulation in stem cell research contrast with unsuccessful efforts in research ethics, particularly conflicts of interest. Part of the cause for a lack of success in self-regulation is fragmented, disconnected oversight, and failure to embody genuine scientific and public consensus. To be accountable, credible and effective, self-regulation must be inclusive and multidisciplinary, publicly engaged, sufficiently disinterested, operationally integrated with institutional goals, and must implement a genuine consensus among scientists and the public. The mechanisms of self-regulation must be sufficiently broad in their oversight, and interconnected with other institutional forces and actors, that they do not create fragmented solutions.
Distribution network spatiotemporal marginal cost of reactive power

We address the extension of spatiotemporal marginal-cost-based Wholesale Transmission markets to Retail Distribution markets. We formulate the detailed Day Ahead (DA) distribution market clearing problem and solve it for real and reactive power Distribution Location-Marginal-Prices (DLMPs). Using a realistic industrial/commercial/residential distribution network, we obtain the DA market clearing DLMPs associated with several scenarios involving various levels of Distributed Generation (DG), EVs, Distribution Network Operator (DNO) owned shunt Capacitors and Dual Use (DU) of Distributed Power Electronics (DPEs) accompanying EVs and DG. Scenario specific numerical results demonstrate (i) the extent to which DLMPs differ from the Substation LMP, (ii) the impact of Line Losses, Transformer Loss of Life and hard Voltage Control Constraints on real and particularly on reactive power DLMPs, and (iii) the resilience of transmission network capacity to load growth when DPEs are put to dual use (DU).
Beyond coverage and supply: measuring access to healthcare in today's market.

OBJECTIVE/PURPOSE: To stimulate discussion within the research and policy community about the value of and issues surrounding different ways to describe access to care in a health system reconfigured by the growth of managed care, competition, and other marketplace changes. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: The concept of access has evolved over time to address shifting health policy concerns like the growing interest in looking beyond utilization as a measure of access to a better consideration, too, of the effectiveness of services used as judged by costs and outcomes. Yet current frameworks used to look at access are person-based and do not capture the complexity of the healthcare system and the complex structures involved in managed care organizations that combine delivery and financing and vary substantially within and across markets. In addition, many at times competing or conflicting policy goals on access exist. There also is an increasingly diverse and widening set of uses that include benchmarking against national goals, measuring performance of accountable entities, and providing consumer information. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Traditional access frameworks are invaluable in encouraging focus on historical measures of access, like insurance coverage and other barriers to system entry. But much greater attention needs to be paid to adapting current access frameworks so that they also better support the ability to understand how processes inherent in diverse health delivery and financing arrangements influence access to services within a system and what this means for how well individuals negotiate healthcare systems and the effects on care outcomes. The increasing demands on access measures and the growing diversity of users also point to a need for collaboration to better pool insights, share experiences, and honestly confront trade-offs or disagreements to progress in addressing these issues.