cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Does the ThinPrep Imaging System increase the detection of high-risk HPV-positive ASC-US and AGUS? The Women and Infants Hospital experience with over 200,000 cervical cytology cases

Background: Published reports have demonstrated that introduction of the ThinPrep Imaging System (Imager) to the cytology screening services has increased the detection rate of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). In accordance with recent clinical treatment guidelines, patients with atypical squamous or glandular cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US or AGUS) are often tested for high-risk HPV infection using the Hybrid Capture HPV DNA test. We took the opportunity to investigate whether the Imager had resulted in any significant differences in our diagnostic categories, as well as whether the Imager increased the detection of high-risk HPV-DNA-positive (HRHPV+) ASC-US or AGUS. Materials and Methods: Cytology cases with the diagnosis of ASC-US and AGUS were retrieved from the archival files of our institution during periods of 11 months prior to and 11 months after the introduction of the Imager. The total number of cases in each category was correlated with results of reflex high-risk HPV DNA testing when the latter were available. All AGUS diagnoses were correlated with subsequent biopsy follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-Square test with Yate's Correction and Fisher's Exact test. Results: A total of 108,371 and 104,555 of ThinPrep® Pap Test (TPPT) cases were reviewed during 11 months pre- and post-imager introduction. The ASC-US rate was 5.4% in the pre-Imager and 5.3% in the post-Imager period. The HPV reflex test was 38% and 34% positive respectively in the pre- and post-Imager period ( P >0.124). Similarly, 0.14% and 0.12% AGUS were found in the pre- and post-Imager period. The positive HPV reflex test was 14% versus 23% ( P = 0.1690). The abnormal biopsy follow-up rate in the AGUS category was increased from 20.9% in the pre-Imager period to 31% in the post-Imager period ( P = 0.1471). The ASCUS/SIL ratios were 1.9 and 1.6 respectively. Conclusions: The ASC-US and AGUS rates did not change statistically before and after the introduction of the Imager in our cytology laboratory. Although use of the Imager did not increase detection of HPV+ ASC-US, it did appear to increase the detection rate of HPV+ AGUS and subsequent abnormal biopsy follow-up rates in all categories. However, the increase in the detection rate did not reach the point of statistical significance
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novologues as C-Terminal Hsp90 Inhibitors with Cytoprotective Activity against Sensory Neuron Glucotoxicity

Compound 2 (KU-32) is a first-generation novologue (a novobiocin-based, C-terminal, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor) that decreases glucose-induced death of primary sensory neurons and reverses numerous clinical indices of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in mice. The current study sought to exploit the C-terminal binding site of Hsp90 to determine whether the optimization of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions of second-generation novologues could enhance neuroprotective activity. Using a series of substituted phenylboronic acids to replace the coumarin lactone of 2, we identified that electronegative atoms placed at the meta-position of the B-ring exhibit improved cytoprotective activity, which is believed to result from favorable interactions with Lys539 in the Hsp90 C-terminal binding pocket. Consistent with these results, a meta-3-fluorophenyl substituted novologue (13b) exhibited a 14-fold lower ED50 for protection against glucose-induced toxicity of primary sensory neurons compared ...
Endotoxic activity of complexes of myristic acid and proteins.

SummaryComplexes of myristic acid and bovine serum albumin, myristic acid and concanavalin A, β-hydroxymyristic acid and concanavalin A, or dimethyl myristamide and concanavalin A are lethal for male BALB/c mice treated with mithramycin. Prior treatment of mice with myristic acid-protein complexes renders the animals resistant to a dose of bacterial endotoxin that is lethal for untreated animals. Prior treatment of mice with bacterial endotoxin renders them resistant to a combination of mithramycin and a complex of myristic acid and bovine serum albumin or dimethyl myris-tamide and concanvalin A that is lethal for untreated animals. These data indicate that a fatty acid is an important functional component of the endotoxin toxophore.This research was supported by a U.S. Public Health Service Research Grant No. CA-13715 from the National Cancer Institute.
Sum-of-squares heuristics for bin packing and memory allocation

The sum-of-squares algorithm (SS) was introduced by Csirik, Johnson, Kenyon, Shor, and Weber for online bin packing of integral-sized items into integral-sized bins. First, we show the results of experiments from two new variants of the SS algorithm. The first variant, which runs in time O(n√BlogB), appears to have almost identical expected waste as the sum-of-squares algorithm on all the distributions mentioned in the original papers on this topic. The other variant, which runs in O(nlogB) time, performs well on most, but not on all of those distributions. We also apply SS to the online memory-allocation problem. Our experimental comparisons between SS and Best Fit indicate that neither algorithm is consistently better than the other. If the amount of randomness in item sizes is low, SS appears to have lower waste than Best Fit, whereas, if the amount of randomness is high Best Fit appears to have lower waste than SS. Our experiments suggest that in both real and synthetic traces, SS does not seem to have an asymptotic advantage over Best Fit, in contrast with the bin-packing problem.
Transportation into a story increases empathy, prosocial behavior, and perceptual bias toward fearful expressions

Abstract Theorists from diverse disciplines purport narrative fiction serves to foster empathic development and growth. In two studies, participants’ subjective, behavioral, and perceptual responses were observed after reading a short fictional story. In study 1, participants who were more transported into the story exhibited higher affective empathy and were more likely to engage in prosocial behavior. In study 2, reading-induced affective empathy was related to greater bias toward subtle, fearful facial expressions, decreased perceptual accuracy of fearful expressions, and a higher likelihood of engaging in prosocial behavior. These effects persisted after controlling for an individual’s dispositional empathy and general tendency to become absorbed in a story. This study provides an important initial step in empirically demonstrating the influence of reading fiction on empathy, emotional perception, and prosocial behavior.
Density estimation for nonisotropic random fields

Kernel-type estimation of (marginal) probability density is studied for a class of strictly stationary random fields that satisfy a certain strong mixing condition with different mixing rates relative to the coordinate axes. Under appropriate choices of the bandwidths, the estimators are shown to be asymptotically normally distributed.
Yansacyclops ferrarii, new genus, new species (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from the Amazon Basin, Brazil

Yansacyclops ferrarii, new genus, new species (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) is described from the plankton of Rios Guama and Acara Grande near Belem, State of Para, Brazil.
Frustration-based outcomes of entitlement and the influence of supervisor communication

Psychological entitlement is a relatively stable tendency toward inflated self-perceptions and unrealistic expectations concerning praise and rewards. This study investigates two behavioral outcomes of entitlement — political behavior and co-worker abuse — and the mediating role of job-related frustration. We also examine the impact of supervisor communication (i.e. evaluative and informative communication) on the relationship between psychological entitlement and frustration. Results of a study of 223 employees suggested that entitlement was positively associated with both political behavior and co-worker abuse, and that frustration partially or fully mediated both relationships. Additionally, results suggested that relatively high levels of supervisor communication reduced job frustration for less-entitled employees but exacerbated the frustration reported by those with stronger entitlement perceptions.
Internationalizing Educational Leadership: How a University Department Jumps the Curve From Local to International

Purpose: This study describes how an educational leadership department transformed its regional identity and localized practices over a ten-year period (1997-2007) to become internationalized in terms of research, teaching, and service. Research Methods/Approach (e.g., Setting, Participants, Research Design, Data Collection and Analysis): A basic qualitative approach (written narratives, interviews and document analysis) was used. All faculty holding tenured, tenure earning, and clinical, non-tenured positions were invited to participate. Fifteen out of 18 department faculty chose to participate. Findings: We found that the success of internationalization rests not only with individual faculty champions and flexible opportunism, but also with collective actions. In one decade, the department shifted from individual, isolated pursuits in the international arena, to a department having an integral, international dimension across research, teaching, and service. Many factors contributed to stages of internat...
Amorphous Predictive Nets

This paper describes our approaches for coordinating the actions of extremely large numbers of distributed, loosely connected, embedded computing elements. In such networks, centralized control and information processing is impractical. If control and processing can be decentralized, the communications bottleneck is removed and the system becomes more robust. Since conventional computing paradigms provide limited insight into such decentralized control, we look to biology for inspiration.
Parents' Reports on Homework Amount and Problems in Academically Talented Elementary Students

This study examined the amount and types of responses to homework assignments reported by parents of academically talented elementary students. Participants consisted of parents of 577 students in kindergarten through grade 6 who attended a summer program for the academically talented. Using a modified version of the Homework Problem Checklist (Anesko, Schloick, Ramirez, & Levine, 1987), parents provided information on Students' responses to completing homework the amount of homework given in school, and the amount of time spent assisting with homework. Parents also gave an estimate of the amount of homework that should be assigned in a summer academic program. Results indicated that academically talented students completed homework with few negative responses and most parents indicated that homework should be given during an academic summer program. Whereas amount of homework assigned in school and amount of proposed summer homework increased with grade level, the mount of time parents spent assisting wi...
Do Institutionalized Traditions Matter During Crisis? Employee Downsizing in Korean Manufacturing Organizations

This study examines the downfall of the permanent employment tradition in South Korean manufacturing organizations in the aftermath of the 1997 East Asian economic crisis. We explore whether organizations abandon their traditional institutionalized practices under discontinuous environmental change or despite the change continue these time-honoured practices. We examine both the organizational factors that inhibit lay-offs and performance indicators that trigger organizations to re-evaluate their lifetime employment practices under drastic environmental upheaval. We test our hypotheses on 574 Korean manufacturing organizations and find that under discontinuous change: (1) economic and institutional factors simultaneously apply opposite forces on organizational actions; (2) organizational factors such as poor performance on productivity and export create a need for headcount reductions while factors such as size, domestic ownership, government support, and unionization create social and institutional pressures that inhibit downsizing; and (3) prior experience with downsizing moderates the relationship between institutional factors and further downsizing.
Prescribing Practices of Anticholinergic Medications and Their Association With Cognition in an Extended Care Setting

The current study examined prescribing patterns of anticholinergic (AC) medications and their association with cognitive function in 450 nondemented and nondelirious older adults hospitalized in a postacute extended care center. Participants completed a brief neuropsychological battery that included measures of general mental status, memory, judgment, and executive functioning as part of standard clinical care. An AC burden score was calculated for each participant based on medications taken the day of the testing using the Anticholinergic Drug Scale. Although use of AC medications was common, the majority of participants were taking medications with only minimal AC properties. AC burden and total number of AC medications were negatively correlated with age. AC burden was not associated with lower performance on any of the cognitive measures. In sum, current prescribing practices of AC medications are not associated with negative cognitive effects in a sample of older adults hospitalized in an extended ca...
Adaptive nonlinear design with controller-identifier separation and swapping

We present a new adaptive nonlinear control design which achieves a complete controller-identifier separation. This modularity is made possible by a strong input-to-state stability property of the new controller with respect to the parameter estimation error and its derivative as inputs. These inputs are independently guaranteed to be bounded by the identifier. The new design is more flexible than the Lyapunov-based design because the identifier can employ any standard update law gradient and least-squares, normalized and unnormalized. A key ingredient in the identifier design and convergence analysis is a nonlinear extension of the well-known linear swapping lemma. >
Radio rebrightening of the GRB afterglow by the accompanying supernova

The gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet powers the afterglow emission by shocking the surrounding medium, and radio afterglow can now be routinely observed to almost a year after the explosion. Long-duration GRBs are accompanied by supernovae (SNe) that typically contain much more energy than the GRB jet. Here we consider the fact that the SN blast wave will also produce its own afterglow, which will peak at much later time (since it is non-relativistic), when the SN blast wave transitions from a coasting phase to a decelerating Sedov-Taylor phase. We predict that this component will peak generally a few tens of years after the explosion and it will outshine the GRB powered afterglow well-before its peak emission. In the case of GRB 030329, where the external density is constrained by the � 10-year coverage of the radio GRB afterglow, the radio emission is predicted to start rising o ver the next decade and to continue to increase for the following decades up to a level of � 0.5 mJy. Detection of the SN-powered radio emission will greatly advance our knowledge of particle acceleration in � 0.1c shocks.
The quest for population‐level cancer recurrence data; current deficiencies and targets for improvement

Background Cancer recurrence is a critical outcome in cancer care. However, population-level recurrence information is currently unavailable. Tumor registries provide an opportunity to generate this information, but require major reform. Our objectives were to (1) determine causes for variability in collection of recurrence, and (2) identify targets for intervention. Methods On-site interviews and observations of tumor registry follow-up procedures were conducted at Commission on Cancer (CoC) accredited hospitals. Information regarding registry resources (caseload, staffing, chart availability), follow-up methods and perceived causes for difficulty in obtaining recurrence information was obtained. Results Seven NCI/academic, 5 comprehensive community and 2 community centers agreed to participate. Hospitals were inconsistent in their investigation of cancer recurrence, resulting in underreporting of rates of recurrence. Hospital characteristics, registry staffing, staff qualifications and medical chart access influenced follow-up practices. Coding standards and definitions for recurrence were suboptimal, resulting in hospital variability of recurrence reporting. Finally, inability to identify cases lost to follow-up in collected data prevents accurate analysis of recurrence rates. Conclusion Tumor registries collect varying degrees of recurrence information and provide the underpinnings to capture population-level cancer recurrence data. Targets for intervention are listed, and provide a roadmap to obtain this critical information in cancer care. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:657–662. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, electrical and magnetic characterization of core–shell silicon carbo-nitride coated carbon nanotubes

Abstract We demonstrate synthesis, electrical and magnetic characterization of silicon carbo-nitride (SiCN) coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes in a core–shell structure. The core formed by a carbon nanotube had a diameter in the range of 10–100 nm. The shell was synthesized by pyrolysis of an SiCN precursor on the surface of carbon nanotubes. Electrical resistivity of an individual composite nanotube was measured to be ~ 2.55 × 10 3 Ω cm. The magnetic measurements performed by a superconducting quantum interference device on the composite nanotubes in the temperature range of 5–300 K show a reduced coercive field with increasing temperatures. The monolayer thick coating of an ultra high temperature multifunctional ceramic SiCN makes these composite nanotubes very promising for sensing applications in harsh environments.
The α1β1 Integrin and TNF Receptor II Protect Airway CD8+ Effector T Cells from Apoptosis during Influenza Infection

Primary viral infections of the lung induce potent effector CD8 T cell responses. To function in the influenza-infected airways, CD8 T cells must be able to resist cell death. The majority of the CD8 T cells in the airways and lung parenchyma expressed CD49a, the α-chain of the type IV collagen receptor VLA-1, and these cells were highly activated, producing both IFN-γ and TNF-α. In the airways, where type IV collagen is abundant, but not the spleen, the CD49a + CD8 cells had reduced proportions of annexin V and caspase 8, and >80% expressed the TNF-α receptor II, while Fas, TNFR-I, and CD27 expression were similar to CD49a − cells. Furthermore, the CD49a + , but not CD49a − , CD8 T cells from the airways were resistant to active induction of apoptosis in the presence of type IV collagen and TNF-α in vitro. We propose that TNFR-II and the VLA-1 synergize to protect effector CD8 T cells in the infected airways from apoptosis during the acute infection.
In nutrition, can we "see" what is good for us?

The selection of foods to eat is a complex interplay of vision, taste, smell, and texture. In addition to micro- and macronutrients, plant-based foods also contain several classes of phytochemicals. In many cases, the phytochemicals account for the various colors of foods. Although aesthetically pleasing, the color of foods may mislead consumers as to their phytochemical content, which is particularly true with regard to polyphenols. Polyphenols are a broad class of compounds with antioxidant and other health benefits. Human vision is limited to a small window (390–765 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. Many important phytochemicals (e.g., vitamin C) have no absorbance in this range. Therefore, the human eye cannot directly judge the vitamin C content of foods. Being able to see in the ultraviolet range allows bees to locate the pollen-rich region of flowers, whereas pit vipers locate their prey by being able to “see” them in the infrared range. Assessing the impact of phytochemicals on human health depends on several factors. Colorless phytochemicals in unprocessed foods may be lost during the cooking process because no visual guide exists to ensure their retention. The molecular structures of phytochemicals influence the extent to which they are altered by cooking processes and the methods by which they are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Extensive metabolism by phase I/II enzymes and by the gut microbiome may also create compounds that the eye is never allowed to appreciate.
Communicating and Understanding Laboratory Test Results: What Matters?

Background: This is the first known investigation to identify specific patient characteristics and the relationship to their understanding of laboratory test results. The study examined patient characteristics influencing their level of understanding of laboratory test results reported to them by physicians or health care professionals. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 143 patients. Results: The authors’ findings suggest that patients want information on and an understanding of their laboratory results. Demographic variables and who explained the results to the patients did not significantly influence the findings. Conclusion: Patients reported that understanding the purpose of their tests and their relationships to their conditions would increase their satisfaction with the health care system.
Geometric constraints for porphyrin binding in helical protein binding sites.

Helical bundles which bind heme and porphyrin cofactors have been popular targets for cofactor-containing de novo protein design. By analyzing a highly nonredundant subset of the protein databank we have determined a rotamer distribution for helical histidines bound to heme cofactors. Analysis of the entire nonredundant database for helical sequence preferences near the ligand histidine demonstrated little preference for amino acid side chain identity, size, or charge. Analysis of the database subdivided by ligand histidine rotamer, however, reveals strong preferences in each case, and computational modeling illuminates the structural basis for some of these findings. The majority of the rotamer distribution matches that predicted by molecular simulation of a single porphyrin-bound histidine residue placed in the center of an all-alanine helix, and the deviations explain two prominent features of natural heme protein binding sites: heme distortion in the case of the cytochromes C in the m166 histidine rotamer, and a highly prevalent glycine residue in the t73 histidine rotamer. These preferences permit derivation of helical consensus sequence templates which predict optimal side chain-cofactor packing interactions for each rotamer. These findings thus promise to guide future design endeavors not only in the creation of higher affinity heme and porphyrin binding sites, but also in the direction of bound cofactor geometry. Proteins 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Chlorophyll fluorescence, predawn water potential and photosynthesis in precipitation pulse-driven ecosystems -implications for ecological studies

Summary 1. A major research focus in population and community ecology is to establish a mechanistic understanding of plant interactions and demographic responses. The first step towards this mechanistic approach relies on understanding the differences in stress caused by different environmental conditions. Leaf-level photosynthetic rate ( A ) within and among plant populations provides important insight into population and community processes, but is difficult to acquire with sufficient replication under field conditions. Instead, chlorophyll fluorescence ( F v / F m ) and predawn water potential ( Ψ pd ) are often used in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. 2. F v / F m reflects the photoactivation status of photosystem II (PSII), whereas Ψ pd indicates water availability in the rhizosphere. Here we compare these indices with A in two perennial C 4 grasses (native Heteropogon contortus and invasive Eragrostis lehmanniana ) and in seedlings of the C 3 shrub Prosopis velutina growing on highly contrasting sandy loam and loamy clay soils in experimental plots. Measurements were made the day prior to and up to 7 days following a 39-mm rainfall pulse after 2 months of drought. 3. A was more sensitive across a broad range of environmental conditions, whereas F v / F m and Ψ pd only responded to periods of protracted drought. The use of these measures was further complicated because their values varied daily and we observed different time-lags in their response to precipitation pulses. 4. We suggest sampling schemes and a priori measurements to capture the value that is representative for the question of interest, and that match the pulsed biological activity in these ecosystems. Finally, we suggest the use of these measures in combination with measurements providing integration over longer time periods, such as δ 13 C, δ 18 O and N concentration in bulk leaf tissue.
Never Forget: Cognitive Restructuring Limitations in Holocaust Related Layered Trauma

The Cognitive Behavioral Therapy intervention of cognitive restructuring leads to mood stabilization by identifying, challenging, actively disputing, and ultimately replacing maladaptive and irrational thoughts and behaviors. The case study of an adult child of Holocaust survivors explores the limitations of success with cognitive restructuring. In this case, transgenerational transmission of trauma as a second generation Holocaust survivor was the first of several subsequent first-hand experienced traumas. These additional traumas, as well as the primary coping mechanism of overeating leading to diet-resistant morbid obesity, are explored through the lens of the Holocaust. It is suggested that the layering of multiple traumatic events deeply ingrains cognitions and life philosophies, thereby creating resistance to permanent cognitive restructuring. Therapists must determine the specific layer of trauma that is associated with maladaptive cognitions and recognize that automatic thoughts which may be adaptive and appropriate in response to a specific layer of trauma may be dysfunctional outside of that trauma.
Duration of Androgen Deprivation Therapy for High-Risk Prostate Cancer: Application of Randomized Trial Data in a Tertiary Referral Cancer Center

Abstract Introduction We evaluated the incidence and predictors of the use of long-term (2-3 years) versus shorter term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in radiation-managed men with high-risk prostate cancer. Patients and Methods We identified 302 patients from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute patient registry who had been diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer (T3a or prostate-specific antigen [PSA] > 20 ng/mL or Gleason score 8-10) from 1993 to 2015. We assessed the intended duration of ADT and used multivariable Cox regression to evaluate the predictors of receiving a shorter course of ADT than recommended by the guidelines ( Results The course of ADT intended by physicians increased after the 2008/2009 publication of trials showing the superiority of long-term versus short-term ADT, with 43.5% intending ≥ 2 years before versus 61.4% after ( P = .014). Starting in 2010, 49.4% of patients actually received P Conclusion In a tertiary-care setting, the rates of long-course ADT for high-risk disease have increased since the 2008/2009 trials supporting its use. However, approximately one half of patients continued to receive shorter course ADT, often because of intolerance of side effects, underlying comorbidity, or physician judgment about the aggressiveness of the disease.
Direct Determination of Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Thickness and Composition as a Function of State of Charge on a Silicon Anode

With the use of neutron reflectometry, we have determined the thickness and chemistry of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer grown on a silicon anode as a function of state of charge and during cycling. We show the chemistry of this SEI layer becomes more LiF like with increasing lithiation and more Li–C–O–F like with delithiation. More importantly, the SEI layer thickness appears to increase (about 250 A) as the electrode becomes less lithiated and thins to 180 A with increasing Li content (Li3.7Si). We attribute this “breathing” to the continual consumption of electrolyte with cycling.
Printed Representation of AutoLISP Objects

The pictures that we have seen are a fairly close approximation of what is inside of AutoLISP. In fact, they much more accurately depict our data structures than anything we can type in. However, since we need to have a way of getting objects into and out of the machine, we must use a printed representation of these objects to communicate with AutoLISP.
An Optimal Plan for Salesmen's Compensation:

Under a sales compensation plan paying equal commission rates on the gross margins of the products in a salesman’s line a salesman trying to maximize his commissions simultaneously maximizes his contribution to company profits. The plan also handles problems such as loss leaders and capacity constraints with minor modifications.
The Effects of Securitization, Foreclosure, and Hotel Characteristics on Distressed Hotel Prices, Resolution Time, and Recovery Rate

This study investigates the effects of securitization, foreclosure, and hotel characteristics on the sale prices of distressed hotels as well as their influence on resolution time and recovery rate. Using a sample of 4,763 financially distressed hotels between 2010 and 2014, this study provides evidence that hotel size, securitization, foreclosure, and disposal methods are important predictors of distressed property prices, resolution time, and recovery rate.
The Influence of the Green Trade Barriers on Our Foreign Trade and the Countermeasures

Since the 18th century, trade protectionism has played an active and changing role in the field of the international tale, and pen trade barriers, which has been advocated by the trade protectionism supporters in the 1990s, is a representive new theory. In this essay, the author first analyses the essential features and arguments of the trade barriers and then expounds in details its main influence on the export of our foreign trade and finally advances some countermeasures to take in our foreign trade in view of the western countries' trade trade barriers.
Advance care planning and proxy decision making for patients with advanced Parkinson disease.

OBJECTIVES: To examine advance care planning practices and proxy decision making by family healthcare proxies for patients with advanced Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS: Sixty-four spouses and adult children, self-designated as a/the healthcare proxy for advanced patients with PD, participated in a cross-sectional survey study. RESULTS: Sixty patients with PD (95%) had completed a living will, but only 38% had shared the document with a physician. Among three life-support treatments--cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), ventilator, and feeding tube--47% of patients opted for CPR, 16% for ventilator, and 20% for feeding tube. Forty-two percent of proxies did not know patients' preferences for one or more of the three life-support treatments. Only 28% of proxies reported that patients wanted hospice. Patients who shared advance directives with a physician were significantly less likely to choose CPR and a feeding tube and they were more likely to choose hospice. In a hypothetical end-of-life (EOL) scenario, the majority of proxies chose comfort care as the EOL goal of care (53%) and pain and symptom management only as the course of treatment option (72%); these proxy choices for patients, however, were not associated with patients' preferences for life support. Patients' proxies preferred a form of shared decision making with other family members and physicians. CONCLUSIONS: Advance care planning is effective when patients, families, and healthcare professionals together consider future needs for EOL care decisions. Further efforts are needed by healthcare professionals to provide evidence-based education about care options and facilitate advanced discussion and shared decision making by the patient and families.
Autoradiographic evaluation of gingival response to injury—I: Surgical trauma in young adult rats

Abstract Fifty-two 8 weeks-old Sprague-Dawley strain, male rats received a gingival injury which surgically removed the papilla mesial to the maxillary first molar. Nine male rats served as non-injured controls. Injured animals were sacrificed at various time intervals over a 30 day experimental period. Control animals were sacrificed at the completion of the experiment. One hour prior to sacrifice, each rat received 0.5 μc of tritiated thymidine per gram of body weight by intraperitoneal injection. Following sacrifice, the maxillae were dissected out and prepared for histologic and autoradiographic studies. It was noted that the proliferative activity of the gingival epithelium was significantly higher than any other cellular complement of the non-injured periodontium analyzed. Following injury, the epithelial tissues reached the highest levels, while the cementum demonstrated the lowest. Labelling activity was noted in the epithelium at the wound edge 4 days after injury and significant peak labelling was observed at the crestal epithelium within 24 hr after wounding. Fibroblasts at the wound periphery demonstrated significant activity 2 days after injury, while fibroblasts at the newly formed crevicular epithelial area showed peak activity 4 days post-injury. At the alveolar crest labelled osteogenic cells were present in high numbers 48 hr after injury. A similar time sequence was found in the labelling of periodontal osteogenic cells. Cementoblastic activity showed peak labelling at 3 days post-injury. In a comparison of the cell labelling data of young and previously reported data of adult animals, the periodontium of the former showed significantly higher control and post-surgical response values.
Robust Suboptimal Treatment Protocols for Antiangiogenic Therapy

As was shown in the previous chapter, singular controls play an essential role in determining the overall structure of optimal controlled trajectories for the class of mathematical models for antiangiogenic treatments based on the model by Hahnfeldt et al. Lie algebraic computations provide an elegant framework in which the singular controls and corresponding arcs can be determined analytically, but the resulting formulas define feedback controls that administer time varying partial doses depending on the current state of the system, that is, on the tumor volume p and its carrying capacity q.
Why Diversity Matters in Rural America: Women Faculty of Color Challenging Whiteness

Using critical race theory as an analytical framework to examine White privilege and institutional racism, two teacher educators, in a rural predominantly White university tell counterstories about teaching for social justice in literacy and mathematics education courses. In sharing our counterstories in this paper, we, women faculty of color, challenge Whiteness and institutional racism with the hopes of: (1) promoting social justice teaching in order to globally prepare (pre-and-in-service) teachers and educational leaders to motivate and empower ALL students to learn; (2) dismantling racism to promote better wellbeing for women faculty of color; and (3) moving educational communities at large closer toward equitable education, which is a fundamental civil right. After analyzing the counterstories, we suggest that university leaders establish policies and practices to support (recruit, retain, and promote) faculty/leaders of color, not just mainstream academics. Working toward equity and justice, we strive to form alliances between Whites and Others.
Modifying the band-structure and properties of zirconium telluride using phosphorus addition

Abstract Layered materials of metal based tellurides such as ZrTe5 have been investigated recently as 3D Dirac semi-metals using ARPES and Landau level spectroscopy. These materials have exhibited exotic transport, topological, diamagnetic and chiral magnetic properties making them potentially useful for spintronics and topological qubits applications. In this line of investigation, we study a novel class of possible substitutional solid solutions of Zr-Te-P from first principle calculations. It was observed that due to the intrinsic disturbance of symmetry in the crystal structure of Zr-Te-P, there are nodes along certain points of the Brillouin zone. In addition, there was also a drastic change in the density of states in the vicinity of the Fermi energy level, leading to altered carrier transport compared to pristine ZrTe. Moreover, crystals of Zr-Te-P were also synthesized in vacuum through condensed system combustion at elevated temperatures. Morphological, structural, compositional, and electrical investigation of the phosphorus modified Zr-Te crystals were carried out comprehensively in this study. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation results and electrical transport observations suggest the potential utility of this novel class of solid solution materials of Zr-Te-P in research frontiers of new Dirac materials and electronic applications.
Potentially Preventable Within-Stay Readmissions Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation

Abstract Background The focus of health care reform is shifting from all-cause to potentially preventable readmissions. Potentially preventable within-stay readmission rates is a measure recently adopted by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services for the Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Quality Reporting Program. Objective We examined the patient-level predictors of potentially preventable within-stay readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries receiving care in inpatient rehabilitation facilities. We also studied the reasons for readmissions and the risk-standardized variation across states. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Patients Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries receiving inpatient rehabilitation after hospitalization in 2012-2013 (N = 345,697). Methods Medicare claims were reviewed to identify potentially preventable readmissions occurring during inpatient rehabilitation. Main Outcome Measures (1) Observed rates and odds of potentially preventable within-stay readmissions by patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, (2) risk-standardized state rates, and (3) primary diagnoses for hospital readmissions. Results The overall rate of potentially preventable within-stay readmissions was 3.5% (n = 11,945). Older age, male gender, hospitalizations during the previous 6 months, longer hospital lengths of stay, intensive care unit use, and number of comorbidities were associated with increased odds. Dual eligibility and disability status were not associated with increased odds. Greater functional scores at rehabilitation admission were associated with lower odds. Rates and odds varied across rehabilitation impairment groups. Risk-standardized state rates ranged from 3.1% to 4.1%. Readmissions for conditions reflecting inadequate management of infections (36.8%) were the most frequent and readmissions for inadequate injury prevention (6.1%) least frequent. Conclusions Potentially preventable within-stay readmissions may represent a target for inpatient rehabilitation care improvement. Our findings highlight the need for care coordination across providers. Future research should focus on care processes that reduce patients' risk of these potentially preventable rehospitalizations. Level of Evidence II
Sophie Bastien, Anne Prouteau, and Agnès Spiquel. Camus L'Artiste. Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2015. 329 pp.

Que votre bibliotheque universitaire l'achete, c'est un tres beau livre, ce recueil qui rassemble les interventions de nombreux participants au Colloque de Cerisy-la-Salle organise durant l’ete 201...
Intensive follow-up was ineffective in breast cancer

Source Citation The GIVIO Investigators. Impact of follow-up testing on survival and health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients. A multicenter randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1994 ...
Psychiatric Manifestations of Cushing’s Syndrome

The constellation of clinical signs and symptoms that we now call “Cushing’s syndrome” was first described by Cushing in 1932. Cushing’s syndrome results from chronic exposure to excessive concentrations of glucocorticoids. The physical features of Cushing’s syndrome include weight gain, central obesity (i.e., accumulation of adipose tissue in the facial, nuchal, truncal and girdle areas), facial plethora, hirsutism, cutaneous striae, muscle wasting, weakness, and osteoporosis. Other common manifestations of hypercortisolemia include hypertension, glucose intolerance or diabetes mellitus, impotence and testicular atrophy, amenorrhea, mild erythrocytosis, lymphopenia, eosinopenia and frequent fungal infections. Cushing’s syndrome can be divided into two major categories, each of which has two major causes. ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome can be caused by excessive ACTH secretion by a pituitary microadenoma (referred to as “Cushing’s disease”) or by ACTH secretion by a non-pituitary tumor (“ectopic ACTH syndrome”), usually a small cell carcinoma of the lung or a bronchial, thymic or pancreatic carcinoid tumor, which together account for 75% of all cases. ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome is caused by adrenocortical tumors that secrete cortisol autonomously or by administration of pharmacologic doses of synthetic glucocorticoids.
Your Job is Messing with Mine! The Impact of Mobile Device Use for Work During Family Time on the Spouse’s Work Life

The use of mobile technology for work purposes during family time has been found to affect employees' work and family lives. Using a matched sample of 344 job incumbents and their spouses, we examined the role of mobile device (MD) use for work during family time in the job incumbent-spouse relationship and how this MD use crosses over to affect the spouse's work life. Integrating the work-home resources model with family systems theory, we found that as job incumbents engage in MD use for work during family time, work-to-family conflict increases, as does the combined experience of relationship tension between job incumbents and spouses. This tension serves as a crossover mechanism, which then contributes to spouses' experience of family-to-work conflict and, subsequently, family spills over to work outcomes for the spouse in the form of reduced job satisfaction and performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
Using Creative Assignments to Help Students Integrate Their Learning in a Campaigns and Elections Class

ABSTRACTThe ability to integrate learning—to make connections across classes or even within a single class—is integral to students becoming better learners, and to growing their capacity to perform as civic actors. We discuss an upper-level Campaigns and Elections class in which the course structure and assignments were set up to encourage students to integrate their learning. As part of the class, students played the role of state party committees during the 2016 presidential election, at first making arguments to devote more national party resources to their state campaign and then reporting back to the national party on how the election went in their state, and what the party must do to maximize its future success. Through coding of student final exam essay questions, we explore the degree to which students were able to achieve the integrative learning goals we had set for them, and examine factors that might help predict which students achieved these learning goals. We conclude by generalizing from ou...
Microfluidic engineering of exosomes: editing cellular messages for precision therapeutics

Study of extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, holds significant promise; however, it is technically challenging to define these small and molecularly diverse nanovesicles. With intrinsic molecular payload and biodegradability, molecular engineering of exosomes opens new avenues for mediating cellular responses and developing novel nano-delivery systems in precision therapeutics. Microfluidic lab-on-chip technology is playing pivotal roles in this emerging field. In this review, we have examined scientific advancements of microfluidic technology for engineering exosomes and assessed future applications and perspectives in developing precision therapeutics; this can serve the community via identification of potential new research areas or technologies that are urgently needed in precision therapeutics.
Target Recognition Based on 3-D Sparse Underwater Sonar Sensor Network

Underwater target recognition is becoming a hot topic nowadays. In this paper, we propose a maximum likelihood automatic target recognition (ML-ATR) algorithm for both non-fluctuating and fluctuating targets. Theoretical analysis illustrates that our underwater ML-ATR method can tremendously reduce the number of physical sensors while maintain in a good performance. Simulations further validate these theoretical results.
Rank-Order Selection and the Analysis of Data Obtained by ClB-like Procedures

Before the application of gel electrophoresis and histochemical staining techniques to the analysis of genetic variation in populations (Harris, 1966; Lewontin and Hubby, 1966), ClB-like techniques (Muller, 1928) provided the bulk of all data on genetic variation within populations of many Drosophila species. Lewontin (1974), in a chapter entitled, “The Struggle to Measure Variation,” presents an excellent account of the contrasting types of information yielded by these two analytical procedures.
Effects of hyperthermia and hyperglycemia on the metastases formation and on survival of rat bearing W256 carcinosarcoma.

The selective destructive effect of hyperthermia (temperatures ≥ 42°C) on a variety of malignant tumors in animals is now well documented, and there is increasing evidence that many of the findings in animal tumor systems apply to human cancer (see Milder, 1979; Jain and Gullino, 1980). Current thrust in this field is directed towards defining the place of hyperthermia in human cancer therapy, and advance in this direction depends upon determining how best to apply and control the heat, as well as understanding more about its mechanism of action. It has been suspected for a long time that the interplay of various physiological factors (e.g. cell pH, tumor blood flow and the host immune system) other than the degree of physical heat applied may determine the outcome for a tumor treated by hyperthermia in vivo. Results to date indicate that tumors fall into two zones of thermal sensitivity, 42–43°C and 45–50°C. Most human tumors are not sensitive to 42–43°C temperature range (see Dickson and Shah, 1977), and temperatures greater than 42°C for prolonged periods can cause irreversible damage to normal surrounding tissues. Also, due to physiological limitations, disseminated disease cannot be treated by whole-body hyperthermia in the higher temperature zone. Therefore, effective treatment of cancer by hyperthermia would depend on selectively heating the tumor by manipulating tumor blood flow and by using potentiators of hyperthermia.
Oxidants in Precipitation

Large quantities of chlorine are produced in the United States each year. A by-product of industrial use and manufacture is that some chlorine gas escapes into the atmosphere. However, a general lack of information exists on precipitation washout of these oxidant residuals despite recognized emissions into the atmosphere. It is hypothesized that acid precipitation is only an indicator of other less obvious phenomena,and the pH of precipitation may well serve as an index of a variety of atmospheric pollutant problems.