cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Preparation of14C-labeled aflatoxins and incorporation of unlabeled aflatoxins in a blocked versicolorin-A-accumulating mutant ofaspergillus parasiticus

We have compared 2 methods for preparing radiolabeled aflatoxins from [14C] acetate for use in biosynthetic studies at the end of the aflatoxin pathway. The Salhab-Edwards method (SE) used a 3-day-old mycelium and a defined medium containing MnCl2 with incubation at 28 C. The Lee-Bennett method (LB) used a 2-day-old mycelium and a defined medium containing low levels of Mn with incubation at 30 C. Generally, the LB method produced lower quantities of aflatoxin but the product had higher specific activities (sp act). The SE method produced 0.157μmol of aflatoxin B1 and 0.028μmol of G1 compared to the LB method with 0.058μmol of aflatoxin B1 and 0.001μmol of G1. The sp act (inμCi/μmol) for aflatoxin produced by the LB method were: B1 = 1.379; B2 = 0.130; G1 = 5.0 and G2 - 0.063. The sp act of aflatoxin produced by the SE method were: B1 = 0.267; B2 = 0.014; G1 = 0.178; and G2 =0.133. Unlabeled aflatoxins were presented to resting cell cultures of the versicolorin-A-accumulating mutant ofAspergillus parasiticus. No conversion of aflatoxin B, was noted. However, when aflatoxins B2 or G1 were presented low levels of aflatoxins B1 and G2 were recovered. Aflatoxins B2 and G1 were recovered when aflatoxin G2 was presented. Similar low levels of recovery were obtained in experiments using autoclaved mycelia. Thus we conclude that these minor quantities of aflatoxins recovered were not produced enzymatically.
Conjoint schedules of timeout deletion in pigeons.

Abstract This experiment attempted to bring behavior under joint control of two distinct contingencies, one that provided food and a second that extended the periods during which that food was available. Pigeons' responses on each of two keys were reinforced according to a single random-interval schedule of food presentation except during signaled timeout periods during which the schedule was temporarily disabled. By means of a conjoint schedule, responses on the initially less preferred key not only produced food but also canceled impending timeouts. When behavior came to predominate on this conjoint alternative, the consequences of responding on the two keys were reversed. Responding in 3 of 4 pigeons proved sensitive to the conjoint scheduled consequences, as evidenced by systematic shifts in response rates favoring the conjoint key. In 2 of these 3 pigeons, sensitivity to the conjoint contingency was evident under time-in:timeout ratios of 2:1 (time-in = 120 s, timeout = 60 s) and 1:5 (time-in = 30 s, timeout = 150 s), whereas for the other pigeon preference for the conjoint key was observed only under the latter sequence of conditions. There was only weak evidence of control by the conjoint scheduled consequences in the 4th subject, despite extended training and forced exposure to the conjoint alternative. The overall pattern of results is consistent with studies of timeout avoidance but also shares features in common with positively reinforced behavior.
Nonnibutibus: The Sociocultural Messages of the Jamaican Tea Meeting

An effective tool used by the colonialist against the colonized is language. The colonial language often penetrates the colonized world as a medium imparting universal truth, frequently resulting in a systematic erosion and degrading of the culture of the colonized. This article explores this phenomenon in the case of the Jamaican tea meeting, a colorful verbal spectacle replete with vibrant African imagery and religious symbolism made a target of derision by the educated colonized. It further sketches the process and a retrospective assessment of cultural forms and meanings lost or deformed by this form of mental seduction and menticide.
Recomposition and Retransition in Beethoven's String Quintet, op. 4

In revising his Wind Octet, op. 103, into his String Quintet, op. 4, Beethoven substantially altered the retransition to the main thematic return in each of the movements. The various retransitions of op. 4 are refashioned so as to become points of structural focus as well as of poetic expression. Throughout his career, Beethoven would continue to revisit strategies seen in op. 4's revised retransitions, including not only their specific aspects (such as the use of E♭♭/E♮♮ conflicts as a means of problematizing a return to the main key) but also more generally through his highlighting of the contrast between control and disruption at these critical formal junctures. Accordingly, the revised re-transitions of op. 4 suggest a new stage in the development not only of Beethoven's compositional technique but also of his artistic outlook.
Memory-enhancing effects of DHEAS in aged mice on a win-shift water escape task

Abstract The steroid hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEAS) have been implicated in age-associated deficits in memory. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of these neurosteroids to enhance retention and meliorate the effects of various memory-blocking agents, but few studies have directly assayed their effects on memory in aged animals. The present study investigated the memory-enhancing effects of DHEAS in a win-shift (nonmatching-to-sample) task in aged mice using water escape motivation. Sixteen CD-1 mice, 18–20 months old, were trained to a moderate criterion of 7/10 correct trials and were then divided into two equal groups based on acquisition performance. One group received oral administration of DHEAS (1.5 mg/mouse/day) in a vehicle solution (0.0015% methyl salicylate) while the other group received the vehicle alone. DHEAS effects were assessed using a procedure in which delay intervals (0, 120, and 240 s) were interposed between sample and comparison trials over the course of three test sessions. The group receiving DHEAS recorded significantly higher retention scores across 3 days of testing, particularly at the 120-s delay interval, indicating that DHEAS enhanced working memory in these aged animals.
Recent developments in speech to children: We've come a long way, baby-talk

Abstract Children do not acquire language in a void; their hypothesized language learning devices typically operate within conversations with more mature language users. These sources provide children with the primary linguistic data for incorporation in their own speech. Despite the fact that many studies have reported the features which distinguish speech to children (child directed speech or CDS), from speech between adults, the study of why CDS is so prevalent across languages seems to have been largely neglected. However, in this paper we offer a model that allows children to control the complexity of the speech they hear within conversations on a moment-to-moment basis. Experimental and observational data are presented that clearly delineate the reciprocal nature of how speakers “fine-tune” their speech to listeners. Regardless of the mechanism that results in a simplified CDS register, a second and more important question pertaining to the role of CDS in language acquisition remains. Recent reports on longitudinal predictions of language gains from early maternal CDS measures are reviewed. The studies are analyzed separately for the adequacy of their conceptual and statistical constructs. Most of the negative findings may be attributed and inappropriate matching of conceptual relations with simple linear regression models. A new model incorporating the reciprocal, non-linear relations is proposed for a possible test of the effects of CDS on language development. Lastly, new data on the possible existence of negative evidence is reviewed. Adults clearly react differentially to children's well- and ill-formed utterances within conversations. The ramifications of both CDS and the existence of negative evidence for learnability theory are discussed.
Gap Junction Formation between Cultured Embryonic Lens Cells Is Inhibited by Antibody to N-Cadherin

Abstract Intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions is important for tissue homeostasis in the avascular lens, and extensive areas of gap junctions form between fiber cells during fiber cell differentiation and lens development. We examined the role of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin, in the process of gap junction formation between fiber cells. Lentoids, multicellular structures with characteristics of differentiated fiber cells, were isolated from embryonic chick lens cultures and subsequently paired to provide an in vitro model of fiber cell interactions. Gap junction formation between cells of paired lentoids was monitored by observing the lentoid-to-lentoid transfer of fluorescent dyes, either calcein or Lucifer yellow, over a time course of up to 48 hr. Dye transfer between lentoids was inhibited upon the addition to the medium of Fab fragments (100–622 μg/ml) of a monoclonal antibody specific for N-cadherin, and also by the reduction of extracellular calcium in the incubation medium. However, the addition of Fab fragments (100–1500 μg/ml) of an antibody to a fiber-cell-specific integral membrane protein, MIP, did not change the time course nor extent of dye transfer between lentoids. Our results, using cultured embryonic cells, extend those from previous studies with cell lines and transfected cells. We conclude that cadherin interactions facilitate the formation of gap junctions between embryonic lens fiber cells, by the stabilization of membrane appositions and/or by the generation of an intracellular signal(s).
Novel biomarkers for heart failure

Heart failure (HF) has proven to be a major burden on the health system. The continuing prevalence of the condition and its rising associated costs and care, has amplified the need for earlier diagnosis, better risk stratification and cost-effective treatment to cut rates of hospitalization. Biomarkers seem poised to undertake such tasks, with biomarker management of patients with HF quickly evolving over the past several years. Biomarker guided diagnosis and treatment has become vital, especially during the acute setting in which the majority of patients with HF, were initially present. An adequate assessment of risk requires a multi-marker approach to a given HF patient. Established markers including brain natriuretic peptide and NT-proBNP are a significant clinical aid to physicians, though their utility is limited. In the past few years, momentous effort has been put into the discovery of new biomarkers. These endeavors have led to the emergence of several capable and promising biomarkers for HF management including troponins, mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, GDF-15, C-reactive protein, Galectin-3, IL-6, ST-2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, copeptin and procalcitonin. This review will offer an insight into the novel biomarkers considered as the cutting-edge in the diagnosis and management of HF.
Closure of atrial septal defects with the Amplatzer occlusion device: preliminary results

Abstract Objectives. This study reports our clinical experience with transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs) in children, using the Amplatzer, a new occlusion device. Background. None of the devices previously used for transcatheter closure of interatrial communications has gained wide acceptance. Methods. We examined the efficacy and safety of the Amplatzer, a new self-centering septal occluder that consists of two round disks made of Nitinol wire mesh and linked together by a short connecting waist. Sixteen patients with secundum ASD met established two- and three-dimensional echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization criteria for transcatheter closure. The Amplatzer’s size was chosen to be equal to or 1 mm less than the stretched diameter. The device was advanced transvenously into a 7F long guiding sheath and deployed under fluoroscopic and ultrasound guidance. Once its position was optimal, it was released. Results. The mean ASD diameter by transesophageal echocardiography was 14.1 ± 2.3 mm and was significantly smaller (p Conclusions. The Amplatzer is an efficient prosthesis that can be safely applied in children with secundum ASD. However, a study including a large number of patients and a longer follow-up period are required before this technique can be widely used.
Faculty governance and nontenure-track appointments

A number of factors contribute to the limited participation of nontenure-track faculty in governance.
Dynamics of plasmid maintenance in a CSTR upon square‐wave perturbations in the dilution rate

The effects of forced oscillations in the dilution rate on a population of Escherichia coli K12 harboring the plasmid pBR322 in a chemostat with a nonselective medium were studied. In the constant dilution rate control experiments, the percentage of plasmid-containing cells decreased after a long lag time. Eventually, the culture approached a population consisting of 100% plasmid-free ells. However, under forced perturbations of the dilution rate, the culture maintained a mixed population of plasmid-free and plasmid-carrying cells for a longer period of ime. An unstructured model was developed to describe the above observations. Our results indicate that transient conditions created by dilution-rate perturbations provide a favorable environment for the plasmid-carrying population. In addition, experiments with different cycling frequencies suggest that adaptation by the culture to these transient conditions will reduce or totally eliminate such an advantage.
Complete atrioventricular canal and tetralogy of Fallot: surgical considerations

Abstract A review of 13 autopsy specimens and of 13 patients who were operated on for complete atrioventricular (AV) canal and tetralogy of Fallot between 1975 and 1985 revealed a number of anatomical details that are important in the successful repair of this combined lesion. A bridging anterior leaflet was present in 25 hearts. A septum primum was present and attached to leaflet tissue in 13. In all 26, a ventricular septal communication was present beneath the bridging anterior leaflet and extended anteriorly, but in 14 there was no ventricular septal defect underneath the posterior leaflet. Additional pathological features included the following: leaflet tissue deficiency (4 hearts), single left papillary muscle (3), accessory valve orifice (4), and left ventricular (4) or right ventricular (RV) (1) dominance. All 26 had infundibular stenosis, and 10 had hypoplastic pulmonary annuli. One had pulmonary atresia, and 6 had branch pulmonary artery stenosis. Surgical technique was modified to include incision of the septum primum in 7. Because of rightward displacement of the anterior ventricular septum and also to minimize the risk of causing subaortic stenosis, the bridging anterior leaflet was divided more toward the tricuspid orifice so as to parallel the crest of the ventricular septum. Transannular RV outflow patches were used in 10 patients, and a right ventricle–pulmonary artery conduit was placed in 1 patient. Three required repair of branch pulmonary artery stenosis. There were no hospital deaths. Three patients died late of residual AV valve regurgitation and branch pulmonary artery stenosis (2) and sepsis (1). One patient with RV hypoplasia and postoperative tricuspid regurgitation had a Fontan operation. Four patients required left AV valve replacement (3 early and 1 late). The AV canal component in complete AV canal with tetralogy of Fallot is more complex than in isolated complete AV canal. Also, in addition to infundibular stenosis, other right-sided obstructions are common. A better understanding of the many anatomical variables has led to improvement in surgical results.
Is Early, High-Quality Daycare an Asset for the Children of Low-Income, Depressed Mothers?.

Abstract This paper reviews the relations found in the literature among poverty, maternal depression, early intervention, and child developmental outcome and a theoretical model is suggested. Mother–child transactional processes have been found to be impaired under conditions of poverty and maternal depression, leading to non-optimal outcomes in children. The first 2 years of life are particularly sensitive to deficits in parenting, suggesting that effective intervention might appropriately target this age group. High-quality daycare may offer an effective pathway for intervention with depressed mothers and their children due to the compensatory caregiving children receive and the opportunity for early identification of maternal mental health needs. However, most current daycare intervention programs are designed to begin between 3 or 4 years of age. Further research that addresses the relative efficacy of interventions dependent on “age of entry” is needed to determine whether early daycare is an asset to families with a depressed caregiver.
Dosimetry of single fraction high dose total body irradiation as measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters

Eighty-five patients with acute myelogenous or acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated at the City of Hope National Medicine Center with chemotherapy, total body irradiation, and bone marrow transplant. The average mid-line dose to these patients was 1002 rad with a uniformity of 8%.
Optimum output efficiency of homogeneously broadened lasers with constant loss

The exact solution of a laser power extraction model is analyzed that relates the extraction efficiency with the laser parameters such as output coupling, small-signal gain, absorption loss, and laser cavity length. The model assumes a stable optical resonator and a homogeneously broadened gain medium. Optimum output coupling and resulting maximum extraction efficiency are determined for a range of values of the small-signal gain and absorption loss per pass. A relation is derived that allows determination of the intrinsic laser parameters from output power measurements when output mirrors are utilized with three different reflectances.
The vocational rehabilitation of alcoholics: A research note on the bureaucratization of deviance∗

The bureaucratization of deviance is explored through an examination of the manner in which the Bureau of Vocational Rehabilitation applies eligibility requirements to alcoholic clients. Although the bureau assumes a medical model of alcoholism, the ill fit of alcoholism with the disease model makes determining eligibility for benefits especially problematic. A result is that counselors exercise a high degree of discretion which often involves assessing the client's moral worthiness. The agency's success rate in rehabilitating clients is shown to be an important contingency in the way alcoholic clients are served.
The Interlace Polynomial of Graphs at - 1

In this paper we give an explicit formula for the interlace polynomial atx=?1 for any graph, and as a result prove a conjecture of Arratia et al. that states that it is always of the form ± 2s. We also give a description of the graphs for which s is maximal.
Active and Avoidant Coping and Coping Efficacy as Mediators of the Relation of Maternal Involvement to Depressive Symptoms among Urban Adolescents

Our study tested an extension of the social resource model in an urban sample of 129 African American and 114 European American adolescents. Maternal involvement was positively related to the use of active and avoidant coping strategies among youth of both ethnicities. Additionally, use of active coping strategies was related to greater coping efficacy, which, in turn, was associated with less depressive symptomatology. For African Americans, avoidant coping was related to greater coping efficacy, which, in turn, was associated with less depressive symptoms. For European Americans, avoidant coping was not significantly related to coping efficacy. Our findings underscore the importance of examining developmental models across ethnic/racial groups and suggest that adolescent mental health programs may benefit from culturally sensitive attention to coping beliefs and practices.
AN UNSTABLE ELIMINATIVISM

Do folk objects exist? A selective eliminativism says that some do and some don't. One eye-catching version of this says that tennis players exist, although tennis balls and tennis rackets do not. In our paper, we focus critical attention upon a defense of such a view presented by Trenton Merricks in his book, Objects and Persons . We will show that the argument advanced by Merricks shows either too much or too little. In his book Objects and Persons , Trenton Merricks has reoriented and fine-tuned an argument from the philosophy of mind to support a selec- tive eliminativism about macroscopic objects. 1 The argument turns on a rejection of systematic causal overdetermination and the conviction that microscopic things do the causal work that is attributed to a great many (though not all) macroscopic things. We will argue that Merricks' argu- ment fails to establish his selective eliminativism.
Laser propulsion - 1980

An overview of the current government sponsored work in laser propulsion is presented and the NASA program is discussed. Attention is given to the overall NASA plan in laser propulsion and the laser rocket engine technology program. Some results of an analytical effort at Physical Sciences Inc. are presented, as well as results of the NASA/Army Missile Command experimental effort. Finally, future plans are briefly summarized.
Molecular basis of human 46X,Y sex reversal revealed from the three-dimensional solution structure of the human SRY-DNA complex.

The solution structure of the specific complex between the high mobility group (HMG) domain of SRY (hSRY-HMG), the protein encoded by the human testis-determining gene, and its DNA target site in the promoter of the mullerian inhibitory substance gene has been determined by multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. hSRY-HMG has a twisted L shape that presents a concave surface (made up of three helices and the N- and C-terminal strands) to the DNA for sequence-specific recognition. Binding of hSRY-HMG to its specific target site occurs exclusively in the minor groove and induces a large conformational change in the DNA. The DNA in the complex has an overall 70 degrees-80 degrees bend and is helically unwound relative to classical A- and B-DNA. The structure of the complex reveals the origin of sequence-specific binding within the HMG-1/HMG-2 family and provides a framework for understanding the effects of point mutations that cause 46X,Y sex reversal at the atomic level.
A Simulation Approach to Sizing Hybrid Photovoltaic and Wind Systems

Presentation d'un programme de simulation sur ordinateur pour le dimensionnement de systemes hybrides panneaux de cellules solaires/aerogenerateurs a stockage par batteries d'accumulateurs pour des sites isoles
Effects of the IMF on the plasma sheet

Abstract It is suggested that the IMF B z component controls partially the geometry of the cross-section ( y - z plane) of the plasma sheet. Our vacuum superposition model suggests that the cross-section has a dumbbell shape for the IMF B z B z >0. It is also suggested that the thinning and subsequent expansion of the plasma sheet during magnetospheric substorms are partially due to a direct effect of the IMF B z .
Late Overcorrection after Inferior Rectus Recession

Purpose: Describe characteristics and possible etiology of late overcorrection after inferior rectus recession in patients without Graves disease. Methods: Seven adult patients with initial good alignment ( Results: Two patients had congenital superior oblique paresis, one had traumatic superior oblique paresis, two had orbital fracture, one had strabismus after retinal detachment surgery, and one had hypotropia after cataract surgery. Overcorrection occurred 4 to 6 weeks after surgery, measuring 12 to 25 prism diopters. Six patients with late overcorrection after inferior rectus recession underwent repeat surgery of the inferior rectus muscle. All six patients had scarring of the Lockwood ligament but no muscle slippage. Conclusion: Late overcorrection can occur unrelated to Graves ophthalmopathy or a slipped muscle. Postoperative scarring around the Lockwood ligament was identified, which could result in reduced inferior rectus muscle force. It is hypothesized that late scar contracture in the vicinity of the Lockwood ligament could pull the inferior rectus muscle anteriorly, thus slackening the anterior aspect of the muscle. This slackening of the anterior aspect of the inferior rectus muscle would weaken the depression function, thus producing a late overcorrection.
The loss of female sex pheromone after mating in the corn earworm moth Helicoverpa zea: identification of a male pheromonostatic peptide.

Abstract Female moths often become depleted of sex pheromone after mating as the various components of virgin behavior are switched off. In examining a potential male contribution to these events in the corn earworm moth Helicoverpa zea, we have characterized a basic polypeptide from the tissues producing (accessory glands) and storing (duplex) the seminal fluids. The peptide evokes the depletion of sex pheromone when injected into virgin females. This pheromonostatic peptide (PSP) is 57 amino acids long and contains a single disulfide bridge. It is blocked at the N terminus with pyroglutamate and at the C terminus by amidation. As little as 23 ng of peptide evokes the near-complete depletion of pheromone in decapitated (neck-ligated) females that had been injected with pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide. Activity is approximately 15-fold less in intact virgins, showing that the head limits the expression of activity in these injected females. Females mated to surgically impaired males, capable of producing a spermatophore but not transferring spermatozoa or seminal fluids, are depleted of pheromone by injected peptide. Females whose abdominal nerve cords have been severed are not depleted of pheromone after mating. Thus, neural signals either descending or ascending via the nerve cord are required for the depletion of pheromone after mating. PSP, from the seminal fluids, may participate in this process by direct or indirect action on the glandular tissue; if so, it represents an unusual mechanism in insects for the regulation by seminal fluids of postmating reproductive behavior.
A model for estimating penetration depth of laser welding processes

Penetration depth is one of the most important factors critical to the quality of a laser weld. However, no on-line, non-destructive method exists by which to inspect this quantity. Indirect, model-based estimation schemes are feasible solutions for monitoring laser welding processes. In this paper, a model for estimating penetration depth based on a 2D heat conduction model and a conical keyhole assumption is developed. This model relates the penetration depth to the incident power and the Peclet number, which is a function of the welding speed, the keyhole radius and thermal diffusivity. The Peclet number is determined by measuring the weld width on the top surface. The model is validated by a number of laser welds made to join a low-carbon steel hub and plate assembly using a 5 kW laser with different combinations of power and speed. The results show that the proposed model is consistent with the experimental data and is computationally efficient. Therefore, this model is suitable as a basis for model-based, on-line depth estimation schemes.
Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids on “3H”‐vitamin E incorporation into pulmonary artery endothelial cell membranes

Vitamin E, a dietary antioxidant, is presumed to be incorporated into the lipid bilayer of biological membranes to an extent proportional to the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids or phospholipids in the membrane. In the present study we evaluated the distribution of incorporated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in various membranes of pulmonary artery endothelial cells. We also studied whether incorporation of PUFA or PE is responsible for increased incorporation of [3H]-vitamin E into the membranes of these cells. Following a 24-hr incubation with linoleic acid (18:2), 18:2 was increased by 6.9-, 9.2-, and 13.2-fold in plasma, mitochondrial, and microsomal membranes, respectively. Incorporation of 18:2 caused significant increases in the unsaturation indexes of mitochondrial and microsomal polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains (P less than .01 versus control in both membranes). Incubation with arachidonic acid (20:4) for 24 hr resulted in 1.5-, 2.3-, and 2.4-fold increases in 20:4 in plasma, mitochondrial, and microsomal membranes, respectively. The unsaturation indexes of polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains of mitochondrial and microsomal membranes also increased (P less than .01 versus control in both membranes). Although incubations with 18:2 or 20:4 resulted in several-fold increases in membrane 18:2 or 20:4 fatty acids, incorporation of [3H]-vitamin E into these membranes was similar to that in controls. Following a 24-hr incubation with PE, membrane PE content was significantly increased, and [3H]-vitamin E incorporation was also increased to a comparable degree, i.e., plasma membrane greater than mitochondria greater than microsomes. Endogenous vitamin E content of the cells was not altered because of increased incorporation of PE and [3H]-vitamin E. When [3H]-vitamin E was incorporated into lipid vesicles prepared from the total lipid extracts of endothelial cells and varying amounts of exogenous PE, vitamin E content was directly related to PE content. These results demonstrate that PUFA and PE distribute in all pulmonary artery endothelial cell membranes. However, only increases in PE were associated with increased incorporation of [3H]-vitamin E in membranes of these cells.
Tratamiento endovascular con stent recubierto premontado sobre balón en patología compleja

El presente estudio se diseno para valorar la hipotesis de que los pacientes tratados con stents recubiertos premontados sobre balon presentan una permeabilidad aceptable a lo largo de su seguimiento constituyendo una buena alternativa al tratamiento de las estenosis recurrentes en el lugar de implantacion del dispositivo. Todos los stents utilizados eran Atrium iCast, dispositivo recubierto de politetrafluoroetileno, montado sobre balon cuyo sistema tiene un calibre entre 6F y 7F. Se realizo una revision retrospectiva de 49 pacientes (66 lesiones) en los que se realizo tratamiento endovascular. Los datos se analizaron con tablas de vida, y pruebas t. Los vasos tratados con mas frecuencia fueron las arterias iliacas (61%) y las renales (24%). Las indicaciones para la implantacion de endoprotesis cubierta fueron: lesiones ateromatosas inestables (50%), estenosis recurrentes en lesiones tratadas previamente con stents (24%), aneurismas (8%), reconstrucciones de la bifurcacion aortica (7,5%), disecciones relacionadas con la reparacion endovascular previa de un aneurisma (4,5%), y fracturas de stent (1,5%). La permeabilidad se evaluo mediante angiografia o eco-Doppler. La variable principal analizada fue la permeabilidad del procedimiento mientras que las variables secundarias fueron el resultado tecnico y las complicaciones en el lugar de abordaje. El seguimiento medio fue de 13 meses (limites 1,5-25). La tasa de resultado tecnico fue del 97%. Los desenlaces no satisfactorios se debieron a un error en el despliegue del dispositivo (n = 1) y a la colocacion inapropiada del mismo (n = 1). Las tasas de permeabilidad primaria de la cohorte (n = 64) a los 6 y 12 meses fueron del 96% y 84%, respectivamente. La tasa de permeabilidad primaria asistida a los 12 meses fue del 98%. Para los stents de la arteria iliaca (n = 38), la tasa de permeabilidad primaria fue del 97% a los 6 meses y del 84% a los 12 meses, con una tasa de permeabilidad primaria asistida del 100% a los 12 meses. En los stents de la arteria renal (n = 16) se obtuvo una tasa de permeabilidad primaria del 92% a los 6 meses y del 72% a los 12 meses con una tasa de permeabilidad primaria asistida del 92% a los 6 y 12 meses. En los tratamientos realizados por estenosis recurrente de zonas tratadas previamente mediante stent (n = 16) se obtuvo una tasa de permeabilidad primaria del 85%, permeabilidad primaria asistida del 93%, y una tasa de reestenosis del 15% a los 12 meses. Especificamente, para los dispositivos implantados por estenosis recurrente de la arteria renal en zonas tratadas previamente (n = 10) se obtuvo una tasa de permeabilidad primaria del 73%, permeabilidad primaria asistida del 82%, y tasa de reestenosis del 27%. La tasa de reestenosis incluyo dos oclusiones de la arteria renal en pacientes que no cumplieron el tratamiento con clopidogrel y dieron lugar a la perdida del rinon homolateral en ambos casos. Las velocidades sistolicas maximas en el stent disminuyeron significativamente (p
Functionally distinct monomers and trimers produced by a viral oncoprotein

While the process of homo-oligomer formation and disassembly into subunits represents a common strategy to regulate protein activity, reports of proteins in which the subunit and homo-oligomer perform independent functions are scarce. Tumorigenesis induced by the adenovirus E4-ORF1 oncoprotein depends on its binding to a select group of cellular PDZ proteins, including MUPP1, MAGI-1, ZO-2 and Dlg1. We report here that in cells E4-ORF1 exists as both a monomer and trimer and that monomers specifically bind and sequester MUPP1, MAGI-1 and ZO-2 within insoluble complexes whereas trimers specifically bind Dlg1 and promote its translocation to the plasma membrane. This work exposes a novel strategy wherein the oligomerization state of a protein not only determines the capacity to bind separate related targets but also couples the interactions to different functional consequences.
Polymer durability estimates based on apparent activation energies for thermal oxidative degradation

In order to further our understanding of polymer durability, the degradation kinetics of a series of polymers was studied. The Arrhenius activation energy was used as the parameter to follow the rate dependence as a function of temperature. For most systems, it was evident that the apparent activation energies increase monotonically with temperature. This finding explains the frequent observation that kinetic parameters obtained at high temperatures often lead to grossly optimistic estimates of shelf life at ambient conditions. The activation energies of polypropylene from the surface embrittlement processes were also found to have a striking similarity to the thermal processes, with nearly identical activation energies at the same temperature. A good understanding of this observation could lead to broader applications and further the understanding of polymer degradation.
The urban community as the client in preterm birth prevention: Evaluation of a program component

Education of communities about preterm birth is essential because preterm birth is a major perinatal health problem, contributing 60-80% of the perinatal mortality in the United States. Preterm birth impacts on the health of the community through the increased morbidity and mortality of the affected children, which leads to higher health care costs and compromised future productivity. The role of early enrollment into prenatal care in the improvement of perinatal outcomes has been established by many investigators. A health education strategy using a communication in the form of a videotaped program was designed in order to increase community awareness about this serious health problem and about the importance of early prenatal care. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate that strategy by: determining the validity of the communication; analyzing its impact on related behavioral intentions of Community Board members; and assessing the association between behavioral intentions and reported behaviors in those Community Board members. A panel of experts in the fields of prenatal care/preterm birth or health education/communication was used to evaluate the face validity of the communication, using the Communication Rating Scale, an instrument developed by James Malfetti, Ed. D. The Fishbein Linear Regression Model was utilized in ascertaining attitudes and social normative factors predictive of behavioral intentions. A nonequivalant control group design was used to measure the impact of the communication on the behavioral intentions of 10 Community Boards in the Bronx, New York. The findings included high ratings by the expert panel; a positive significant difference between behavioral intentions of Community Board members before and after viewing the communication; and significant correlation between behavioral intentions and reported behaviors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Technologies Used in Accounting Education: A Study of Frequency of Use Among Faculty

Given the wide range of technologies available for use in education, the author tried to determine which technologies have widespread applications for accounting educators. This information can provide a basis on which faculty can determine which media are more appropriate or have practical applications in accounting curricula. In addition, the author investigated whether differences exist among educators in their choices of technology and the extent to which technology is used.
2014 AGU Mass Media Fellow to Report Science for the Los Angeles Times

You could say many geoscientists are in the business of storytelling. They use strata of stone, ice, and other terrestrial ingredients to tell tales of the Earth as it was long ago.
Maternal Recall Versus Medical Records of Metabolic Conditions from the Prenatal Period: A Validation Study

To assess validity of maternally-reported diabetes and hypertensive disorders, and reliability of BMI measurements during periconception and pregnancy compared with medical records when mothers are interviewed 2-5 years after delivery. To investigate whether reporting accuracy differed by child's case status (autism, delays, typical development). Participants were mothers of 2-5 year old children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders from the CHARGE (CHildhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment) Study who had both prenatal/delivery records and telephone interviews. Sensitivity and specificity of self-report in telephone interview was assessed by comparison with medical records; agreement was evaluated by kappa statistics. Deviations in reported BMI were evaluated with Bland-Altman plots and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (autism or developmental delay) reported metabolic conditions slightly more accurately than control mothers. For diabetes, sensitivity ranged from 73 to 87% and specificity was ≥98% across groups. For hypertensive disorders, sensitivity ranged from 57 to 77% and specificity from 93 to 98%. Reliability of BMI was high (CCC = 0.930); when grouped into BMI categories, a higher proportion of mothers of delayed children were correctly classified (κ(wt) = 0.93) compared with the autism group and controls (κ(wt) = 0.85 and κ(wt) = 0.84, respectively; P = 0.05). Multiparity was associated with higher discrepancies in BMI and misreporting of hypertensive disorders. For purposes of etiologic studies, self-reported diabetes and hypertensive disorders during periconception and pregnancy show high validity among mothers irrespective of child's case status. Recall of pre-pregnancy BMI is reliable compared with self-reported values in medical records.
Los Alamos communication network simulation

We present a scalable end-to-end approach to communication network simulation. We show that realistic network simulation requires realistic input generation of the communication network and communication sessions in addition to scalable protocol stack simulation. We present the main building blocks of our simulation system: network generation, session generation, network simulation, and simulation analysis. Our system relies on light-weight agents that represent a human population and their communication behavior. We support the case for our holistic end-to-end approach through a few example simulations and results from our large-scale studies of communication networks.
Valve-Sparing Reconstruction Within the Native Aortic Root: Integrating the Yacoub and the David Methods

I propose an integrated valve-sparing aortic root reconstruction that combines the surgical principles of both the Yacoub and David methods. Valve re-suspension is first completed within the native aortic root; then the graft is anchored to the pledget-reinforced, scalloped true aortic annulus.
Supersonic flameholding by attached oblique shock waves

The object of this investigation was to explore various regimes of shock-induced combustion that may occur as a result of supersonic flow of a reactive gas mixture past a simple compression ramp or wedge. Attention was confined to combinations of wedge angles, fuel-air mixture ratios and freestream velocities that permit the resulting oblique shock or oblique detonation wave to remain attached. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations, both inviscid and viscous, were performed and analyzed in order to investigate two modes of compression ramp flameholding; namely, complete oblique detonation wave (ODW) and shock-induced combustion. In addition, the possibility of flame persistence or hysteresis was explored. It was preliminarily concluded that inclusion of viscous effects may be essential to accurately predict the occurrence of the various flameholding modes.
Hot electron relaxation dynamics in ZnSe

The ultrafast relaxation dynamics of hot electrons, initially photoexcited with an excess energy of 300 meV, are monitored in a high-quality ZnSe epilayer grown on a GaAs substrate by exploiting the intrinsic interferrometric asymmetric Fabry–Perot sample structure. The results are consistent with the expected characteristic electronic LO-phonon emission time of 40–50 fs and provide evidence for the influence of the “hot phonon effect”(or “LO-phonon bottleneck”) on the electron cooling dynamics at carrier densities above ∼3×1017 cm−3.
Application of four bacterial screening procedures to assess changes in the toxicity of chemical in mixtures

Abstract Four microbiological acute toxicity screening test methods with Microtox, Spirillum volutans, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Aeromonas hydrophila were compared using solutions of mixed toxic chemicals. Each toxicity screening test appeared to have its own sensitivity pattern and it would appear unwise to try to assess the presence of toxicants in waters or effluents by a single species test. The battery approach, encompassing two or three genera and involving two to four species, is recommended to assess the potential presence of toxicants more thoroughly.
Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: Are There Significant Benefits?

The incidence of esophageal cancer and, more specifically, of esophageal adenocarcinoma, continues to increase in the United Sates (US), mostly affecting white male patients. The mainstay of curative treatment for localized disease is surgery, typically after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, esophagectomy remains a procedure burdened by significant rates of mortality and morbidity. Over the last two decades minimally invasive techniques have been adapted to esophageal resection, with the goal of improving postoperative outcomes without compromising oncological success. Numerous reports have documented the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), and several centers have gained considerable experience in the technique and gathered a large case series. The overall advantage of MIE over open techniques in regards to improved outcomes and cost effectiveness remains controversial. The aim of the present work is to review the key aspects of MIE and compare the results with open surgery.
Mesoporous Aluminum Silicate Catalyst with Single-Type Active Sites: Characterization by Solid-State NMR and Studies of Reactivity for Claisen Rearrangement Reactions

A mesoporous aluminum silicate (Al-MS) material has been successfully synthesized via a base-catalyzed co-condensation reaction. Solid-state NMR studies showed that the aluminum atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated and are stable up to at least 400 °C. The double resonance 27Al-29Si NMR experiment provided first direct evidence that all Al atoms are surrounded by Si atoms forming Al−O−Si bonds in the framework. The silicon to aluminum atomic ratio at the surface (Si/Al)s is estimated at around 100, which exceeds the overall Si/Al ratio of 60. Reactivity study of the mesoporous aluminosilicate shows an excellent catalytic reactivity for the Claisen rearrangement of allyl phenyl ether despite the low surface concentration of Al.
EFFECTS OF INDUCIBLE BETA-LACTAMASE AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE UPON THE ACTIVITY OF NEWER BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

The activity of carbenicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, moxalactam, and N-formimidoyl thienamycin was evaluated against 262 clinical isolates of Pseudoanams aeruginosa. There were 242 (92%) of the isolates that were susceptible to carbenicillin or ticarcillin by an agar dilution method. Against this population of susceptible isolates, the median MICs were 1.56 μg/ml of N-formimidoyl thienamycin, 3.13 μg/ml of piperacillin, 25 μg/ml of ticarcillin, 25 μg/ml of cefotaxime, 50 μg/ml of carbenicillin and 50 μg/ml of moxalactam. N-Formimidoyl thienamycin was the only beta-lactam antibiotic not affected by an inducible betalactamase detected in 24 randomly selected susceptible isolates by a disk approximation assay, while cefotaxime was inactivated to a greater extent than any of the other beta-lactam antibiotics. Resistance to carbenicillin and ticarcillin was noted in 20 isolates (8%); these were susceptible to N-forn-iimidoyl thienamycin, but cross-resistance with piperacillin, cefotaxime, and moxalactam was frequent. Only four of these resistant isolates were found to have a constitutive beta-lactamase. Gentamicin resistance occurred in 51 isolates (19) and was an independent variable of resistance to the beta-lactam drugs.
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction precipitated by verapamil in cardiac amyloidosis

Cardiac amyloidosis produces a restrictive cardiomyopathy with impaired diastolic function. We report a case in which low-dose verapamil resulted in marked worsening of congestive heart failure, as a result of a profound negative inotropic effect. Withdrawal of verapamil therapy demonstrated a return of systolic function to normal with improvement in heart failure. We postulate that patients with cardiac amyloidosis may be exceptionally sensitive to the negative inotropic effects of calcium-channel blockers either because of abnormal binding to amyloid fibrils or because their usual vasodilator effects are blunted.
Specific and Non-specific Defense against Parasitic Attack

Abstract Specific defense protects against some parasite genotypes but not others, whereas non-specific defense is effective against all genotypes of a parasite. Some empirical studies observe hosts with variability only in non-specific defense, other studies find only specific defense. I analyse a model with combined specific and non-specific defense to determine the conditions that favor detectable variation in each form of defense. High variation in non-specific defense is often maintained when resistance increases in an accelerating way with investment, whereas low variation tends to occur when resistance increases at a decelerating rate with investment. Variation in specific defense rises as the parasite pays a higher cost to attack a broad host range (high cost of virulence), as the number of alternative specificities declines, and as the average level of non-specific defense increases. The last condition occurs because greater non-specific protection tends to stabilize the gene frequency dynamics of specific defense. Selection favors a negative association between costly components of specific and non-specific defense—hosts defended by one component are favored if they have reduced allocation to other costly components. A negative association confounds the measurement of costs of resistance. Individuals with specific defense may have reduced investment in costly non-specific defense. This leads to an apparent advantage of specifically defended hosts in the absence of parasites and a measured cost of resistance that is negative.