cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Public Administration Review and Ongoing Struggles for Connectedness

Facilitation of connectedness has been a fundamental role of the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) and the Public Administration Review (PAR) throughout their six decades of professional service. Together, they have sought to link practitioners and academicians across subfields and varied levels of activities. As a foremost refereed journal, PAR has sought to encourage the linking of practice and theory through timely publication of methodologically disciplined research, informed analyses and commentaries, and constructive literature reviews and correspondence. These responsibilities have been persistently challenging. ASPA and PAR have served a dynamic field that has made some wrong turns and had others forced on it, resulting in failed autonomy, followed by increasing partisan politicization of governments and reduced reliance on professionally expert administration. For ASPA, it has created leadership and membership problems. For PAR, it has sometimes exacerbated difficulties in connecting practitioners and academicians, but it has also created more shared concerns as important subjects of inquiry. Challenges now are to serve both enduring and new spheres of the field that are afforded by international and domestic developments. Both ASPA and PAR are striving to do that. Globalization of public administration opens a world of opportunities today. Localization, as a fundamental of constitutional democracy, is a priority internationally, presenting an engaging paradox of global attention to both place and planet. That is linked in this commentary to the classic democracy-bureaucracy quandary that has constructively challenged public administration. While arrays of other important subjects, old and new, need to command attention in PAR, these are linked in this analysis to today's theory and practice of interdependent facilitative states to assess how the journal serves its
A Museum Exhibit Honoring Factory Workers

This photographic essay describes an innovative museum exhibit at the Walter Elwood Museum in Amsterdam, New York. The process of constructing and presenting a community's collective industrial history for the museum was multidimensional, using many different approaches to represent the industrial history of the town. New representation strategies, such as object theater, were utilized to re-create space so that visitors can experience a discussion-simulation of depicted settings through lighting and audio.
CUL4-DDB1-CDT2 E3 Ligase Regulates the Molecular Clock Activity by Promoting Ubiquitination-Dependent Degradation of the Mammalian CRY1.

The CUL4-DDB1 E3 ligase complex serves as a critical regulator in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, DNA damage repair, and cell cycle progression. However, whether this E3 ligase complex regulates clock protein turnover and the molecular clock activity in mammalian cells is unknown. Here we show that CUL4-DDB1-CDT2 E3 ligase ubiquitinates CRY1 and promotes its degradation both in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of the major components of this E3 ligase complex, including Ddb1, Cdt2, and Cdt2-cofactor Pcna, leads to CRY1 stabilization in cultured cells or in the mouse liver. CUL4A-DDB1-CDT2 E3 ligase targets lysine 585 within the C-terminal region of CRY1 protein, shown by the CRY1 585KA mutant’s resistance to ubiquitination and degradation mediated by the CUL4A-DDB1 complex. Surprisingly, both depletion of Ddb1 and over-expression of Cry1-585KA mutant enhance the oscillatory amplitude of the Bmal1 promoter activity without altering its period length, suggesting that CUL4A-DDB1-CDT2 E3 targets CRY1 for degradation and reduces the circadian amplitude. All together, we uncovered a novel biological role for CUL4A-DDB1-CDT2 E3 ligase that regulates molecular circadian behaviors via promoting ubiquitination-dependent degradation of CRY1.
Core samples for radiomics features that are insensitive to tumor segmentation: method and pilot study using CT images of hepatocellular carcinoma

The purpose of this study is to investigate the utility of obtaining "core samples" of regions in CT volume scans for extraction of radiomic features. We asked four readers to outline tumors in three representative slices from each phase of multiphasic liver CT images taken from 29 patients (1128 segmentations) with hepatocellular carcinoma. Core samples were obtained by automatically tracing the maximal circle inscribed in the outlines. Image features describing the intensity, texture, shape, and margin were used to describe the segmented lesion. We calculated the intraclass correlation between the features extracted from the readers' segmentations and their core samples to characterize robustness to segmentation between readers, and between human-based segmentation and core sampling. We conclude that despite the high interreader variability in manually delineating the tumor (average overlap of 43% across all readers), certain features such as intensity and texture features are robust to segmentation. More importantly, this same subset of features can be obtained from the core samples, providing as much information as detailed segmentation while being simpler and faster to obtain.
The Influence of Automatic Trust on Information Sharing in Negotiations

Because the choice to trust is inherently risky, people naturally assess others’ trustworthiness as a necessary precondition for trusting behavior. This conscious process depends on a type of relational schema - what we call a ‘trust schema’ - that provides an explicit cognitive starting point in most models of trust development. In this paper, we show that the process of trust development can not only start earlier than previously considered, but that it can also start nonconsciously. We present three experiments that display the automatic activation of individuals’ trust schemas via positive or negative, relational or non-relational subliminal cues. The results indicate that, although non-relational cues had no significant effects, positive relational cues changed affective reactions to potential reciprocity, increased behavioral trust without conscious awareness, and enhanced the exchange of information on interests and priorities in two-party negotiations.
Alginate Microspheroid Encapsulation and Delivery of MG-63 Cells Into Polycaprolactone Scaffolds: A New Biofabrication Approach for Tissue Engineering Constructs

Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering by providing structural framework and a surface for cells to attach, proliferate, and secrete extracellular matrix (ECM). In order to enable efficient tissue formation, delivering sufficient cells into the scaffold three-dimensional (3D) matrix using traditional static and dynamic seeding methods continues to be a critical challenge. In this study, we investigate a new cell delivery approach utilizing deposition of hydrogel-cell encapsulated microspheroids into polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds to improve the seeding efficiency. Three-dimensional-bioplotted PCL constructs (0 deg/90 deg lay down, 284 ± 6 μm strand width, and 555 ± 8 μm strand separation) inoculated with MG-63 model bone cells encapsulated within electrostatically generated calcium-alginate microspheroids (O 405 ± 13 μm) were evaluated over seven days in static culture. The microspheroids were observed to be uniformly distributed throughout the PCL scaffold cross section. Encapsulated cells remained viable within the constructs over the test interval with the highest proliferation noted at day 4. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the new approach and highlights the role and critical challenges to be addressed to successfully utilize 3D-bioprinting for microencapsulated cell delivery.
Symmetry analysis of two-dimensional patterns for computer vision

A system is described that automatically determines the rotational and mirror symmetries of two-dimensional patterns. The properties of patterns that determine their symmetries are delineated, a representation scheme based on these properties is defined, and algorithms to perform the symmetry analysis are presented. An implementation based on the SRI vision module is described.
American National Security Presiprudence

The key American official in formulating and implementing American national security law and policy is the president of the United States. By virtue of the Presidential Oath Clause in the Constitution and the president's taking of the uniquely important Presidential Oath as a condition of assuming the national executive power, the president has the paramount federal responsibility to articulate and watch over the American national interest.As I suggested in a previous article, the field of presiprudence should be launched by scholars to focus on the legal work product of the president. The present article seeks to map out the rough contours of the presiprudence of American national security law and policy in the post-9/11 world. First, I present the case for American presidents to pursue a maximum security American state. Second, I consider the limits of presidential pursuit of a maximum security American state. Finally, I offer specific and general guidelines for presidents in balancing security with liberty in protecting the American nation.
Editorialists’ reply to Blake

Blake reminds readers that, in one of their investigations, Wong and colleagues used a Helicobacter pylori eradication regimen consisting of three products as their exposure of interest.1 2 3 We are not aware of evidence indicating that the …
Evaluation of Modified Engineered Cementitious Composite with Local Materials

Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) material is a high-strength, fiber-reinforced, ductile mortar mixture that can exhibit tensile strains of up to 5%. ECC has a dense matrix, which gives the material exceptional durability characteristics. The durability and the mechanical properties of ECC make it a desirable, though expensive, construction material. This paper presents an extensive evaluation of a modified ECC (MECC) prepared with locally sourced raw materials for use as a bridge deck overlay material. MECC is a mixture of cement, fly ash, water, concrete sand, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers. Concrete sand was used in lieu of the typically used silica sand to reduce the high material cost for ECC. Three representative fine aggregates from throughout Nevada were selected to understand how the local aggregates perform in MECC mixes. In total, 18 laboratory mixes of MECC, the polymer concrete, and a traditional PCC mix were evaluated by multiple performance and mechanical tests. After the completion of ...
Application of a New Three-Body Potential to Vitreous Silica and Sodium Silicate Glasses

An empirical three-body potential, suitable for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, has been developed to model the natural covalency of the Si-O bond in vitreous silica and silicate glass systems. Through the addition of a small directional-dependent three-body term to a previously used modified ionic pair interaction, a narrow distribution of tetrahedral angles and a low concentration of defects were obtained, in good agreement with experiment. The structure of bulk silica resulting from the MD technique also contained a larger average ring size, no edge-sharing tetrahedra, and a calculated static structure factor in good agreement with neutron diffraction results. The simulated sodium silicate glass was also largely improved over previous simulations using pair interactions alone. All silicon atoms were found to be exactly four coordinated while the number of non-bridging oxygen nearly equaled the number of sodium ions present with a reasonable distribution of Qi species.
Analysis on TB control in Longyan City in 2008

[Objective]To understand the tuberculosis (TB) treatment and management in Longyan City.[Methods] The quarterly report and annual report of TB control of Longyan City in 2008 was analyzed.[Results]The rate of newly diagnosed TB and sputum examination rate was 2.72% and 99.05%,respectively.The progress rate of smear-positive and smear-negative patients was 102.95% and 40.02%,respectively;the average cure rate was 89.49%,the average loss rate was 1.70%(17/999) of the whole city.[Conclusion]TB control has already made certain achievements,the cure rate is high,but some problem still exists.It is necessary to continue to carefully implement DOTS.
Developing Processes of Partial Discharge Defects of Needle-plate Structure on Oil-paper Insulation of Transformer

In order to propose the criteria of diagnosing the severity of carbon trace defects on the insulation paper in transformers,the developing processes of the defects were researched.A needle-plate model was established for long-term high voltage test.The high voltage was increased step-by-step from the partial discharge inception voltage until the model was broken down.During the narrow frequency band pulse current signals,the gas bubbles and the carbon trace were recorded to study their changing process.The point figures,pulse rate,pulse average amplitude and maximum amplitude were used.The results show that the needle-plate model has a complicated developing process.When the rate and amplitude of the pulses increase sharply,and the phase range of the pulses expends widely and crosses 0 degree and 180 degree,the defect is in the stage of rapid development and near the breakdown.
Disinfection quality of medical institutions in huaibei in 1997 and 2009:a comparative analysis

OBJECTIVE To compare the result of all levels of disinfection quality monitored in Huaibei City medical institutions in 1997 with that in 2009,to summarize the work experience in hospital disinfection.METHODS Statistical analysis of the monitoring data collected from 55 medical institutions was performed.RESULTS In 1997,the pass rates of disinfection quality of medical institutions showed that medical institutions above the two-level were 20.83%-74.81%;the one-level medical institutions were 8.47%-66.67%;private clinics were 22.22%-55.56%,and in 2009,the pass rates were 66.13%-100.00%,35.85%-95.24% and 35.71%-92.31%,respectively.CONCLUSION The pass rates of most disinfection quality indicators in 2009 have been improved more obviously than in 1997.
A pervasive parallel framework for visualization : final report for FWP 10-014707.

We are on the threshold of a transformative change in the basic architecture of highperformance computing. The use of accelerator processors, characterized by large core counts, shared but asymmetrical memory, and heavy thread loading, is quickly becoming the norm in high performance computing. These accelerators represent significant challenges in updating our existing base of software. An intrinsic problem with this transition is a fundamental programming shift from message passing processes to much more fine thread scheduling with memory sharing. Another problem is the lack of stability in accelerator implementation; processor and compiler technology is currently changing rapidly. This report documents the results of our three-year ASCR project to address these challenges. Our project includes the development of the Dax toolkit, which contains the beginnings of new algorithms for a new generation of computers and the underlying infrastructure to rapidly prototype and build further algorithms as necessary.
How to Approach a Teaching Experiment

The general principles of TR Design, and therefore of classroom teaching experiments conducted by teacher-researchers are discussed in the next chapter as well as in Unit 4. The aim of this chapter is to discuss the type of questions and decisions that a teacher-researcher must take in the context of daily teaching and classroom research, the proverbial “nuts and bolts” issues of the design and conduct of Teaching Experment (TE).
Social Disorganization Theory, Community Empowerment, and Coalition Building: Exploring the Linkages

The linkages between social disorganization theory, community empowerment, and coalition building are explored in the present article in an effort to address alcohol and other drug problems within ...
Contributions of Skinner's theory of verbal behaviour to language interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the current paper is to describe the impact of applied behaviour analysis on language treatment for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) diagnoses. Specifically, this paper will describe Skinner's theory of verbal behaviour and its contributions to evidence-based treatments for communication deficits among individuals with ASD. Skinner's book Verbal behavior was written in 1957 but saw increased growth in research publications after its application to individuals with autism in the 1990s. Today, verbal behaviour is an accepted evidence-based practice in behaviour analysis, and mastery of Skinner's theory of verbal behaviour is required for practising behaviour analysts who teach individuals with autism. This paper describes the history of the theory of verbal behaviour, defines the key features of the theory, and presents research supporting its application to the communication development of children with autism.
The Penetration of Educational Leadership Texts by Revelation and Prophecy: The Case of Stephen R. Covey.

The writings of Stephen R. Covey and his best-selling work, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, are beginning to be included in a broad range of texts marketed to educational leaders, includin...
Clinical Outcomes Following Surgical Management of Coexisting Parkinson Disease and Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

BACKGROUND Distinguishing the causes of weakness and gait instability in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to symptomatic similarities. No study has reported outcomes following decompression in patients with PD and CSM. OBJECTIVE To report outcomes following cervical decompression for patients with coexisting PD and CSM. METHODS A retrospective matched cohort study of all patients with PD and CSM undergoing cervical decompression at a tertiary-care center between January 1996 and December 2014 was conducted. PD patients were matched to patients with CSM alone by age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, and operative parameters. Myelopathy was assessed by Nurick and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scales. The effect of PD on mJOA was modeled using multivariable regression. RESULTS Twenty-one matched pairs were included. PD patients experienced poorer improvement in Nurick (0.0 vs -1.0, P < .01) and mJOA (0.9 vs 2.5, P < .01) composite scores. However, no significant changes in absolute improvement in the upper extremity motor, upper extremity sensory, or sphincter mJOA components were observed. Multivariable regression identified PD as a significant predictor of decreased improvement in mJOA (β = -0.89, P < .01) and failure to achieve a minimal clinically important difference in change in mJOA (OR 0.18, P = .03). CONCLUSION This study is the first to characterize outcomes following cervical decompression in patients with PD and CSM. PD patients experienced symptomatic improvement but less overall improvement in myelopathy compared to controls. However, PD patients demonstrated improvement in upper extremity motor, upper extremity sensory, and sphincter symptoms no worse than control patients.
The Multiple Histories of Western Asia: Perspectives from Ancient and Modern Genomes

Western Asia lies at the heart of the Old World, in the midst of Africa, Asia, and Europe. As such, this region has been populated and repopulated by myriad peoples, starting with the first migrants from Africa. All evidence points to Western Asia for the beginnings of sedentary life, and indeed, first the villages and later the cities of this land remain as archaeological wonders, revealing complex histories of multiple peoples and their interactions. With the wondrous breakthroughs in genomic studies, we now have the power to look at these histories with a truly quantitative lens. Here, we review the recent anthropological genomics literature pertaining to this region, with an outlook for the future challenges and exciting possibilities for the field.
Real-time geomagnetic monitoring for space weather-related applications: Opportunities and challenges

An examination is made of opportunities and challenges for enhancing global, real-time geomagnetic monitoring that would be beneficial for a variety of operational projects. This enhancement in geomagnetic monitoring can be attained by expanding the geographic distribution of magnetometer stations, improving the quality of magnetometer data, increasing acquisition sampling rates, increasing the promptness of data transmission, and facilitating access to and use of the data. Progress will benefit from new partnerships to leverage existing capacities and harness multisector, cross-disciplinary, and international interests.
Ground state representation of the infinite one-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnet: II. An explicit plancherel formula

In its ground state representation, the infinite, spin 1/2 Heisenberg chain provides a model for spin wave scattering, which entails many features of the quantum mechanicalN-body problem. Here, we give a complete eigenfunction expansion for the Hamiltonian of the chain in this representation, forall numbers of spin waves. Our results resolve the questions of completeness and orthogonality of the eigenfunctions given by Bethe for finite chains, in the infinite volume limit.
Does Perceived Societal Impact Moderate the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Value Congruence? Evidence from a Field Experiment

Transformational leadership, it is argued, aligns employees' values with those of their organization. Empirical research has found a positive relationship between transformational leadership and value congruence. Yet studies rely predominantly on cross-sectional research designs that limit causal conclusions and have not uncovered the potential contextual conditions of this argument. This article argues that transformational leadership positively affects value congruence in public service organizations, but only when employees see that their jobs impact the well-being of other people and society. To test the relationship between transformational leadership and value congruence and the moderating effect of perceived societal impact, the article combines a field experiment on 79 managers of public service organizations and a balanced survey panel of their 583 employees. Consistent with the expectation, results indicate heterogeneous treatment effects, implying that employees' perceived societal impact is important to consider when transformational leaders strive to align the values of individual employees and the organization.
In pursuit of balgacyclamide A – Discovery of an oxazoline macrocycle with multiple myeloma cytotoxicity and penetration

Abstract Four new oxazoline based macrocycles have been constructed, said cycles were found to possess varying cytotoxicity against six different cancer cell lines: IC 50 values of 6.4 μM towards HeLa and 11.9 μM towards LnCaP being the most potent. Two of the four macrocycles were found to have marginal cytotoxicity against MM.1S and MM.1R, myeloma cancer cell lines, and further evaluation showed that they also possessed rapid cellular uptake and accumulation characteristics. Through the structure-activity relationship comparisons between the four compounds, it was found that the C6 position of the E-ring is amendable to substitution and could possibly serve as a conjugation site for the development of a selective delivery system to MM.1R.
Applications of CALPHAD modeling and databases in advanced lightweight metallic materials

Abstract This paper presents an overview on the application of CALPHAD (CALculation of Phase Diagrams) methodology in the design and development of advanced lightweight metallic materials including magnesium, aluminum, titanium, aluminum-based metal matrix composites, and high entropy alloys. In this work, CALPHAD methodology has been established and summarized from the construction of databases describing thermodynamics, atomic mobility, kinetics, thermo-physical properties (such as viscosity) to the application of computational design of lightweight materials. The examples in this paper have demonstrated the effectiveness and capability of CALPHAD methodology in accelerating the design of advanced lightweight materials by optimizing the compositions and various heat-treatment conditions, modifying the evolution of microstructures during processing, and finally predicting the mechanical properties (e.g., yield strength and hardness) of the lightweight components. Although the examples are given in lightweight alloys for structural applications, the fundamental methodology and modeling principles are applicable to all materials and engineering applications. Thus, the future of the advanced material design will be strongly based on development of CALPHAD methodology such as the construction of reliable databases coupled with CALPHAD-based models for various applications.
Ethanol and Phospholipid Dependent Signal Transduction: The View from the Liver

Receptor-mediated signal transduction processes are common targets of acute or chronic ethanol treatment, both in brain and in peripheral tissues (reviewed in Hoffman and Tabakoff, 1990; Hoek et al, 1992). G protein-linked receptors coupled to adenylate cyclase were studied by several groups in different brain membrane preparations (Hoffman and Tabakoff, 1990). These studies identified the receptor-activated Gs protein α subunit as a likely target of acute ethanol actions in the central nervous system. The sensitivity to ethanol varied both with the receptor and the membrane preparation. Chronic ethanol treatment in vivo decreased the sensitivity to ethanol of adenylate cyclase activation (Hoffman and Tabakoff, 1990). Adenylate cyclase has also been recognized as an indirect target for ethanol in the studies of Diamond and coworkers (1991). Ethanol-induced changes in cellular adenosine uptake affected the extracellular level of this agonist; intracellular responses were determined by the type of adenosine receptors available on specific cells. Long-term ethanol treatment in vitro was associated with a decrease in the expression of the αs subunit for activation of adenylate cyclase (Mochly-Rosen et al, 1988).
Management of Nonadherence in ESKD Patients.

D.B. is a 48-year-old man with a history of ESKD secondary to diabetes and hypertension on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) on a Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday schedule for the past 6 years. The patient presents for dialysis only twice a week on Tuesdays and Saturdays and refuses to come for HD on
Pain Experience in a US Children’s Hospital: A Point Prevalence Survey Undertaken After the Implementation of a System-Wide Protocol to Eliminate or Decrease Pain Caused by Needles

OBJECTIVES: Pain in hospitalized children remains under-assessed and undertreated. With this study, we aim to describe results from a repeat single-day, hospital-wide survey of children’s pain and its treatment after the initiation of a hospital-wide quality improvement initiative used to reduce or eliminate pain caused by needle procedures. METHODS: All patients and parents listed on the inpatient morning census, in emergency department and outpatient surgery registration lists, were invited to participate in a brief single-day point prevalence survey of their experience with pain and its management in the hospital setting. Results were compared with a survey conducted 2 years earlier, before implementation of a system-wide Children’s Comfort Promise needle pain treatment and prevention protocol. RESULTS: A total of 194 children and their parents participated in the current survey. A higher percentage of children reported having no pain compared with the previous survey (33% vs 24%; P = .07; not significant) and fewer experienced severe pain (score ≥7 out of 10). Fewer children identified pain caused by needles as the cause of the worst pain (21% vs 30%), although it remained the highest reported cause of the most painful experience overall. The number of pain management strategies administered and offered to children with needle pain (distraction, positioning, numbing cream, and sucrose and/or breastfeeding for infants) increased. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a mandatory Comfort Promise protocol used to minimize or prevent pain caused by elective needle procedures was associated with a significant reduction in overall pain prevalence and improved use of evidence-based practices for needle pain management.
Engendering Materials Directing Peptides with Non-Native Functionalities through Synthetic Sequence Modifications

Recent efforts in bioinspired Au nanomaterial synthesis have identified that Trp residues of Au binding peptides AuBP1 (WAGAKRLVLRRE) and AuBP2 (WALRRSIRRQSY) have the capacity to drive metal ion reduction. Such a capability could be intrinsically valuable for material production under sustainable conditions that limit the number of reagents required for nanoparticle generation. Additionally, it could also allow for precise localization of inorganic materials based upon peptide positioning. These advances in material peptide design could prove to be significant for applications in catalysis, sensing, plasmonic, etc. Herein, we examine this reduction capability of tryptophan-modified peptides to identify strategies to incorporate such reactivity into nonreactive peptides to enhance their individual functionality for material production. This is examined using peptide mutation studies that incorporate Au3+ reductive Trp residues into nonreactive materials binding peptides. The results demonstrate that react...
Author Correction: Division of labour between Myc and G1 cyclins in cell cycle commitment and pace control

This Article contains errors in Supplementary Table 3, which are described in the Author Correction associated with this Article. The simulation results in the Article were based on the correct formula and thus the results are not affected by this correction. The errors have not been fixed in the original Article.
A Novel Parameterization of Snow Albedo Based on a Two-Layer Snow Model with a Mixture of Grain Habits

AbstractSnow albedo plays a critical role in the surface energy budget in snow-covered regions and is subject to large uncertainty due to variable physical and optical characteristics of snow. We d...
Review: Hearing the City in Early Modern Europe, edited by Tess Knighton and Ascensión Mazuela-Anguita

Tess Knighton and Ascension Mazuela-Anguita, eds. Hearing the City in Early Modern Europe Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2018, 428 pp., 11 tables, 65 b/w illus. $82 (paper), ISBN 9782503579597 Hearing the City in Early Modern Europe is the most recent contribution to a growing academic literature on historical soundscapes. The book's twenty-one essays came out of a 2015 ICREA international workshop in Barcelona titled “Hearing the City: Musical Experience as Portal to Urban Soundscapes,” which explored European urban soundscapes from 1500 to 1800. More than forty cross-disciplinary scholars met to discuss historical urban soundscapes, with a particular emphasis on musical experience; thus it is perhaps not surprising that musicology dominates the volume's represented fields. The book is divided thematically into four parts: “Crossing Boundaries,” “Sounds in Contention: Musical Repertories and Genres in Contested Urban Spaces,” “Soundworlds and Spatial Strategies of the Social Elite,” and “Case Studies in Urban Soundscapes.” With each part comprising four to five essays and the whole bookended by an introduction and coda, the volume makes for a dense and information-laden read. Coeditor Tess Knighton, a leading expert on historical soundscapes and key organizer of the project, provides a foreword in which she discusses the 2015 workshop and preparations for the book. She gives an overview of each chapter, pointing to the salient aspects of the authors’ contributions as they relate to the study of sound in the past. Tim Carter's introduction then opens by asking, “How can we best study musical listening?” (26). Carter untangles the principal features of “listening communities” (33) in the past through what he terms “Historically Informed Listening,” an invented analytical category that seeks to attend both to those who made music and to those who experienced it (26). Citing case studies from the late Renaissance and early baroque Italy, Carter makes the larger claim that historians can constructively represent premodern soundscapes through deep readings of primary sources and familiarity with larger historical contexts. All of the core issues that Carter …
Computational and Network Utilization in the Application of Thin Clients in Cloud-Based Virtual Applications

Typically, training using virtual environments uses a client-server or a fully distributed approach. In either arrangement, the clients used are full computers (PCs) with an adequate processor, memory, and graphics capability. These are reasonably costly, require maintenance, and have security concerns. In the office desktop environment, the use of thin clients is well known; however, the application of thin clients with cloud-based servers to virtual training is relatively new. Thin clients require less initial cost, require less setup and maintenance, and centralize the virtual environment configuration, maintenance, and security to virtual cloud servers. Rather than housing an expensive computer (a so-called thick client) at each station, functionality is replaced using a streaming protocol, a remote server, and a thin client to allow the user to interact. This paper reviews two game-focused streaming protocols running across a set of four thin clients (of various capability and cost) from both local and remote cloud-based data centers. Data were gathered to measure latency and network and computational utilization across each client using two scenarios in both local and remote conditions. Results of these experiments indicate that thin clients for use in virtual training is viable regardless of local or remote server location.
Emancipated spectators in the theatre history classroom

This essay offers an approach to teaching a canonical dramatic literature-based theatre history class while also teaching students to question and resist the canon’s ideological traps. The author m...
Identification of discriminatory antibiotic resistance genes among environmental resistomes using extremely randomized tree algorithm

The interconnectivities of built and natural environments can serve as conduits for the proliferation and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Several studies have compared the broad spectrum of ARGs (i.e., “resistomes”) in various environmental compartments, but there is a need to identify unique ARG occurrence patterns (i.e., “discriminatory ARGs”), characteristic of each environment. Such an approach will help to identify factors influencing ARG proliferation, facilitate development of relative comparisons of the ARGs distinguishing various environments, and help pave the way towards ranking environments based on their likelihood of contributing to the spread of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance. Here we formulate and demonstrate an approach using an extremely randomized tree (ERT) algorithm combined with a Bayesian optimization technique to capture ARG variability in environmental samples and identify the discriminatory ARGs. The potential of ERT for identifying discriminatory ARGs was first evaluated using in silico metagenomic datasets (simulated metagenomic Illumina sequencing data) with known variability. The application of ERT was then demonstrated through analyses using publicly available and in-house metagenomic datasets associated with (1) different aquatic habitats (e.g., river, wastewater influent, hospital effluent, and dairy farm effluent) to compare resistomes between distinct environments and (2) different river samples (i.e., Amazon, Kalamas, and Cam Rivers) to compare resistome characteristics of similar environments. The approach was found to readily identify discriminatory ARGs in the in silico datasets. Also, it was not found to be biased towards ARGs with high relative abundance, which is a common limitation of feature projection methods, and instead only captured those ARGs that elicited significant profiles. Analyses of publicly available metagenomic datasets further demonstrated that the ERT approach can effectively differentiate real-world environmental samples and identify discriminatory ARGs based on pre-defined categorizing schemes. Here a new methodology was formulated to characterize and compare variances in ARG profiles between metagenomic data sets derived from similar/dissimilar environments. Specifically, identification of discriminatory ARGs among samples representing various environments can be identified based on factors of interest. The methodology could prove to be a particularly useful tool for ARG surveillance and the assessment of the effectiveness of strategies for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance. The python package is hosted in the Git repository: https://github.com/gaarangoa/ExtrARG
Geological Data Access on a Polyglot Database using a Service Architecture

In a microservice architecture, solutions are built through collaboration of distributed services across networks. In the Oil & Gas industry, in exploration and production phases, organization units executes different services over several diverse datasets. Geological data usually is in high volume and encompasses different kinds of data objects, with diverse structure and nature, such as seismic data, seismic horizon and well data. Querying, processing, and composing geological data presents strong demands for domain knowledge representation and reasoning, and tailored processing techniques. This work presents an application of microservices architecture and polyglot persistence technologies to handle the requirements of geological data in the Oil & Gas domain. This architecture allows parties communicate in a light way, while encapsulating processing and data access to a geological database and to a knowledge base. It also works as a common layer, composing parties' services results for data consumption by clients. We exemplify the proposal by presenting and analyzing its use in a real scenario which includes some of the implemented queries in a developed system to support geological data analysis. We present the main characteristics of the system and highlights lessons learned in its development.
Health disparities and chronic disease associated with anemia in free clinics: A retrospective study of uninsured patients in Tampa Bay.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the diagnosis and management of anemic patients in free clinics around the Tampa Bay area.Methods: In this retrospective study we extracted dat...
“If it weren’t for my faith”: spirituality in advanced cancer

Patient spirituality plays a frequent and salient role in serious illness. Using a patient case, we illustrate the importance of recognizing spirituality and spiritual needs in palliative care provision.
We are Appalachian Christians: Wait, can we say that?

Considering the question: ‘can we say that we’re Southern Appalachian Christians in the world of academia?’, the authors examine the answer amid diverse people groups while reflecting on their personal cultures as Appalachian women, Appalachian storytellers, and, yes, Appalachian Christians. Acknowledging that cultural influences impact their lives in academia, they explore how faith is often perceived in higher education. Living in the Southern United States, in the heart of Appalachia, in an area readily identified as the Bible-Belt, the authors use storytelling as a vehicle for examining intolerance as well as for thinking about what it means to be tolerant. Framed within a diversity and equity model of thinking, they provide a thought-provoking probe: have we entered a world where religious intolerance, specifically that of Christian beliefs, is acceptable? Keywords: Tolerance, Equity, Academia, Storytelling, Culture, Christians, AppalachiaHow to cite this article:Comer, M. & Brashears, K. 2020. We are Appalachian Christians: Wait, can we say that?. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 4(2): 218-227. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.126.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Lower self-efficacy and greater depressive symptoms predict greater failure to recover from a single lapse cigarette.

OBJECTIVE Smoking reexposure after a quit attempt (i.e., lapse) increases relapse risk, but lapse recovery is possible. Using a 6-day analogue model of smoking cessation and lapse, this study tested the effect of a single lapse cigarette on the risk of subsequent smoking. Abstinence self-efficacy (ASE) and depressive symptoms (using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D) were also examined as hypothesized moderators of lapse recovery. METHOD After receiving cessation counseling and achieving 2 days of incentivized abstinence, 54 daily smokers (mean age: 41 years, 61% African American, 63% male) were randomly assigned to smoke 1 cigarette or to a no-lapse control condition. Participants were then offered monetary incentives to abstain for 3 more days and smoking was monitored. RESULTS Compared to the control condition, participants who experienced a lapse had a 2.5 times greater risk of smoking in the first 24 hours Furthermore, a lapse resulted in much greater risk of subsequent smoking compared to the control condition among individuals with lower postquit ASE scores (p = .044) and greater CES-D scores (p = .040). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide preliminary evidence that a single lapse cigarette after quitting plays a causal role in subsequent smoking and suggest that individuals with lower postquit ASE and greater depressive symptoms are less likely to recover from a lapse. Future research should investigate factors associated with lapse recovery and failure so that effective lapse-responsive strategies can be developed. Laboratory models provide an efficient and controlled method to examine such processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Mortality in Late Midlife: Have They Narrowed in Recent Years?

OBJECTIVES To examine whether racial/ethnic differences in mortality rates have changed in recent years among adults in late midlife, and if so, how. METHODS We analyze Health and Retirement Study data on non-Hispanic Whites (Whites), non-Hispanic Blacks (Blacks), and English- and Spanish-speaking Hispanics (Hispanic-English and Hispanic-Spanish), aged 50-64 from 2 periods: 1998-2004 (Period 1, n = 8,920) and 2004-2010 (Period 2, n = 7,224). Using survey-generalized linear regression techniques, we model death-by-end-of-period as a function of race/ethnicity and sequentially adjust for a series of period-specific baseline risk factors including demographics, health status, health insurance, health behaviors, and social networks. Regression decomposition techniques are used to assess the contribution of these factors to observed racial/ethnic differences in mortality rates. RESULTS The odds ratio for death (ORD) was not statistically different for Blacks (vs. Whites) in Period 1 but was 33% higher in Period 2 (OR = 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-1.69). The adjusted ORD among Hispanic-English (vs. Whites) was not statistically different in both periods. The adjusted ORD among Hispanic-Spanish (vs. Whites) was lower (ORD = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.22-0.59) in Period 1 but indistinguishable in Period 2. In Period 1, 50.1% of the disparity in mortality rates among Blacks was explained by baseline health status, 53.1% was explained by financial factors. In Period 2, 55.8% of the disparity in mortality rates was explained by health status, 40.0% by financial factors, and 16.2% by health insurance status. DISCUSSION Mortality rates among Blacks and Hispanic-Spanish have risen since the mid-1990s. Hispanic-Spanish may be losing their advantageous lower risk of mortality, long known as the "Hispanic Paradox."
Exploiting Common Neighbor Graph for Link Prediction

Link prediction aims to predict whether two nodes in a network are likely to get connected. Motivated by its applications, e.g., in friend or product recommendation, link prediction has been extensively studied over the years. Most link prediction methods are designed based on specific assumptions that may or may not hold in different networks, leading to link prediction methods that are not generalizable. Here, we address this problem by proposing general link prediction methods that can capture network-specific patterns. Most link prediction methods rely on computing similarities between between nodes. By learning a γ-decaying model, the proposed methods can measure the pairwise similarities between nodes more accurately, even when only using common neighbor information, which is often used by current techniques.
Experimental and theoretical rationalization for the base pairing abilities of inosine, guanosine, adenosine, and their corresponding 8-oxo-7,8-dihydropurine, and 8-bromopurine analogues within A-form duplexes of RNA

Inosine is an important RNA modification, furthermore RNA oxidation has gained interest due, in part, to its potential role in the development/progression of disease as well as on its impact on RNA structure and function. In this report we established the base pairing abilities of purine nucleobases G, I, A, as well as their corresponding, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydropurine (common products of oxidation at the C8-position of purines), and 8-bromopurine (as probes to explore conformational changes), derivatives, namely 8-oxoG, 8-oxoI, 8-oxoA, 8-BrG, and 8-BrI. Dodecamers of RNA were obtained using standard phosphoramidite chemistry via solid-phase synthesis, and used as models to establish the impact that each of these nucleobases have on the thermal stability of duplexes, when base pairing to canonical and noncanonical nucleobases. Thermal stabilities were obtained from thermal denaturation transition (Tm ) measurements, via circular dichroism (CD). The results were then rationalized using models of base pairs between two monomers, via density functional theory (DFT), that allowed us to better understand potential contributions from H-bonding patterns arising from distinct conformations. Overall, some of the important results indicate that: (a) an anti-I:syn-A base pair provides thermal stability, due to the absence of the exocyclic amine; (b) 8-oxoG base pairs like U, and does not induce destabilization within the duplex when compared to the pyrimidine ring; (c) a U:G wobble-pair is only stabilized by G; and (d) 8-oxoA displays an inherited base pairing promiscuity in this sequence context. Gaining a better understanding of how this oxidatively generated lesions potentially base pair with other nucleobases will be useful to predict various biological outcomes, as well as in the design of biomaterials and/or nucleotide derivatives with biological potential.
Food Insecurity in US Military Veterans.

Background:Food insecurity (FI) is an important public health issue for US veterans. For many veterans, civilian life is fraught with service-incurred health issues and socioeconomic challenges, ea...