cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Depth of processing and anxiety in facial recognition.

Subjects selected on the basis of test anxiety scores made a judgement about each face in a series of slides. These orienting tasks involved either abstract traits (e.g. dependability) or physical features (e.g. weight), and decisions were made relative to either an absolute criterion or self-reference. A subsequent recognition test revealed superior performance by low-anxiety subjects and by subjects who evaluated abstract features during study, but there were no depth by anxiety interactions. The reference point for the decision had little effect overall, but the anxiety deficit was more apparent when the absolute reference point was involved.
Navigation queries from triangular meshes

Navigation meshes are commonly employed as a practical representation for path planning and other navigation queries in animated virtual environments and computer games. This paper explores the use of triangulations as a navigation mesh, and discusses several useful triangulation-based algorithms and operations: environment modeling and validity, automatic agent placement, tracking moving obstacles, ray-obstacle intersection queries, path planning with arbitrary clearance, determination of corridors, etc. While several of the addressed queries and operations can be applied to generic triangular meshes, the efficient computation of paths with arbitrary clearance requires a new type of triangular mesh, called a Local Clearance Triangulation, which enables the efficient and correct determination if a disc of arbitrary size can pass through any narrow passages of the mesh. This paper shows that triangular meshes can support the efficient computation of several navigation procedures and an implementation of the presented methods is available.
On the O(1) solution of multiple-scattering problems

In this paper, we present a multiple-scattering solver for nonconvex geometries such as those obtained as the union of a finite number of convex surfaces. For a prescribed error tolerance, this algorithm exhibits a fixed computational cost for arbitrarily high frequencies. At the core of the method is an extension of the method of stationary phase, together with the use of an ansatz for the unknown density in a combined-field boundary integral formulation.
Modelling and performance analysis of a channel reservation handoff scheme for multimedia wireless and mobile networks using smart antennas

Smart antennas are suggested to be used in future generation wireless and mobile networks to provide the service with high capacity and service quality. In this paper, we propose a novel multimedia wireless and mobile network using smart antennas. The smart antenna in the proposed system provides a Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) scheme to improve system capacity dramatically. In the proposed system, the Quality of Service (QoS) is guaranteed for real-time service at the cost of the tolerable quality decrease for non-real-time service. As we expected, the system capacity and performance are highly improved by employing smart antennas.
Importance of Conserved Cysteine Residues in the Coronavirus Envelope Protein

Coronavirus envelope (E) proteins play an important, not fully understood role(s) in the virus life cycle. All E proteins have conserved cysteine residues located on the carboxy side of the long hydrophobic domain, suggesting functional significance. In this study, we confirmed that mouse hepatitis coronavirus A59 E protein is palmitoylated. To understand the role of the conserved residues and the necessity of palmitoylation, three cysteines at positions 40, 44, and 47 were changed singly and in various combinations to alanine. Double- and triple-mutant E proteins resulted in decreased virus-like particle output when coexpressed with the membrane (M) protein. Mutant E proteins were also studied in the context of a full-length infectious clone. Single-substitution viruses exhibited growth characteristics virtually identical to those of the wild-type virus, while the double-substitution mutations gave rise to viruses with less robust growth phenotypes indicated by smaller plaques and decreased virus yields. In contrast, replacement of all three cysteines resulted in crippled virus with significantly reduced yields. Triple-mutant viruses did not exhibit impairment in entry. Mutant E proteins localized properly in infected cells. A comparison of intracellular and extracellular virus yields suggested that release is only slightly impaired. E protein lacking all three cysteines exhibited an increased rate of degradation compared to that of the wild-type protein, suggesting that palmitoylation is important for the stability of the protein. Altogether, the results indicate that the conserved cysteines and presumably palmitoylation are functionally important for virus production.
Skew-bounded low swing clock tree optimization

This paper introduces a methodology that optimizes the performance of a low swing clock tree under a skew bound. Low-swing clock trees are preferred for a reduction in the clock switching power, with an expected trade-off in clock slew and skew. In this paper, a heuristic optimization process is introduced that keeps the clock skew under the same skew budget of the originating full-swing clock tree. In this low swing clock optimization, the low power consumption property is preserved. The effect of slew on the logic timing, which is naturally degraded due to low-swing operation, is analyzed within timing slack of some paths in order to highlight the effectiveness of the low swing clock trees in lowering power consumption with limited impact on timing constraints. The experiments performed with the 4 largest ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits operating at 500~MHz, 90~nm technology and 4 different Vdd levels show that the optimized low swing clock tree can achieve an average of upto 11.0% reduction in the power consumption with no more than a skew degradation of 0.5% of the clock period (i.e. within the practical skew budget).
Evaluating the Roles of Visual Openness and Edge Effects on Nest-Site Selection and Reproductive Success in Grassland Birds

ABSTRACT. In some species, habitat edges (ecotones) affect nest-site selection and nesting success. Openness, or how visually open a habitat is, has recently been shown to influence grassland bird density and may affect nest-site selection, possibly by reducing the risk of predation on adults, nests, or both. Because edge and openness are correlated, it is possible that effects of openness have been overlooked or inappropriately ascribed to edge effects. We tested the roles of edges and visual openness in nest-site selection and nesting success of two grassland passerines, the Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) and Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis), in the Champlain Valley, Vermont. We also evaluated the sensitivity of our results to alternative definitions of edge on our landscape. Bobolink (n = 580) and Savannah Sparrow nests (n = 922) were located on seven hay fields and three pastures from 2002 to 2010. Both species avoided placing nests near edges and in less open habitat compared with expec...
Association Models for Multi-Dimensional Cross-Classifications of Ordinal Variables

Models are formulated for describing associations among ordinal variables in multidimensional tables.Uniform association and uniform interaction models occur as special cases in which equal-interval scores are assigned to levels of the variables.The models described are extensions of ones proposed by Goodman (1979).
CHARACTERIZATION OF VINBLASTINE‐INDUCED SUPERSENSITIVITY IN THE RAT

A single dose of vinblastine (3 mg/kg, i.v.) in the rat produced a long lasting depletion of endogenous (-)noradrenaline (NA) in atria as well as in vasa deferentia, the depletion being greater in atria than in vasa deferentia. The maximum depletion of NA in atria occurred between 60 and 90 h after vinblastine, while in vasa deferentia the maximum depletion was 35%, 120 h after vinblastine. The 30 min in vitro uptake of (-)-(3H) NA in atria was inhibited between 78 and 83% at 30, 60 and 120 h after vinblastine. In vasa deferentia the maximum inhibition of 25% was seen 15 h after vinblastine, however the NA uptake had returned to control level between 60 and 120 h after vinblastine. The effect of vinblastine pretreatment on the sensitivity of atria to NA and (-)isoprenaline(ISOP), and of vasa deferentia to NA, (-)phenylephrine (PHE), and methoxamine (ME) was evaluated. It was found that atria became highly sensitive to the (+) chronotropic effect of NA without significant change in sensitivity to ISOP. The sensitivity of vas deferens to NA and PHE was moderately increased without significantly affecting the sensitivity to ME. The magnitude of the supersensitivity was expressed in terms of the ratio of the geometric mean ED50 of an agonist in control tissue to that obtained in the same tissue from treated animals. The sensitivity of atria to NA increased 1.5, 3.9, 7.8, and 6.7 fold, 15, 30, 60 and 120 h after vinblastine, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The impact of assay technology as applied to safety assessment in reducing compound attrition in drug discovery

Introduction: Attrition in the drug industry due to safety findings remains high and requires a shift in the current safety testing paradigm. Many companies are now positioning safety assessment at each stage of the drug development process, including discovery, where an early perspective on potential safety issues is sought, often at chemical scaffold level, using a variety of emerging technologies. Given the lengthy development time frames of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry, the authors believe that the impact of new technologies on attrition is best measured as a function of the quality and timeliness of candidate compounds entering development. Areas covered: The authors provide an overview of in silico and in vitro models, as well as more complex approaches such as ‘omics,’ and where they are best positioned within the drug discovery process. Expert opinion: It is important to take away that not all technologies should be applied to all projects. Technologies vary widely in their validation stat...
Strategic Purchasing: A History and Review of the Literature

This article provides a systematic review of the purchasing strategy literature over the past 30 years. It identifies gaps in the body of research and makes recommendations for future research. The basic managerial problem is that the purchasing function has the ability to influence corporate profitability only when it is operating at a strategic level in the firm. The evolution of the function has been slow; therefore, the contribution the purchasing function can make has yet to achieve its maximum level in many firms. The study reveals that much of the research completed in this area is either conceptual in nature or is based on a small number of case studies. While some studies do base their findings on data gathered from a large number of firms, most do not report the use of statistical analysis to support the findings of the research.
Condensation of R-12 in small hydraulic diameter extruded aluminum tubes with and without micro-fins

This manuscript provides heat transfer data for R-12 condensation and subcooled liquid in small hydraulic diameter, flat extruded aluminum tubes. The tube outside dimensions are 16 mm × 3 mm (high) × 0.5 rrm (wall thickness). The tubes contain three internal membranes, which separate the flow into four parallel channels. Two internal geometries were tested: one had a plain inner surface and the other had micro-fins, 0.2 mm high. Data are presented for the following range of variables: vapor qualities (12–97%), mass velocity (400–1400 kg s−1 m−2), and heat flux (4–12 kW m−2). The overall heat transfer coefficient was measured for water-to-refrigerant heat transfer, and the modified Wilson plot method used to determine the heat transfer coefficient for water-side flow in the annulus. Then, the tube-side condensation coefficient was extracted from the measured UA-value. The data show that the condensation coefficient increases with heat flux to the 0.20 power. The subcooled heat transfer coefficient for both geometries is well predicted using the Petukhov equation with hydraulic diameter. At low mass velocity, the Akers correlation agrees well with the plain tube data, and overpredicts the data 10–20% at high mass velocity. The micro-fin tube shows significantly higher performance than predicted by the Akers correlation (based on hydraulic diameter) for vapor qualities greater than 0.5. The authors propose that surface tension force is effective in enhancing the condensation coefficient for vapor quality greater than 0.5. The proposed surface tension enhancement is particularly strong at the lower mass velocities.
Behavior in Transition

Sidman (1960) devoted Chapter 10 of Tactics of Scientific Research, to “Transition States,” where he grappled with both methodological and conceptual problems associated with that most basic feature of behavior: change. In the psychology of learning, the study of acquisition and extinction preceded later preparations in the experimental analysis of behavior focusing on steady-state responding. In two early, seminal descriptions of the experimental analysis of behavior, Skinner (1938) and Ferster and Skinner (1957) analyzed many transitions from behavioral control by one schedule to that of another. The transition to a focus on steady-state research occurred during the formative years of the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Since then, the study of behavior in transition largely has been overshadowed by the analysis of steady-state responding. Behavior in transition, however, continued to be studied and in more recent years gradually is emerging from the shadow of steady-state domination (e.g., Freeman & Lattal, 1992; Kyonka & Grace, 2007, 2008). The present review examines dimensions of this emergence and considers how the study of transition states contributes to contemporary behavior analysis.
Steer Responses to Protein Supplementation and Lasalocid on Bermudagrass Pasture1

Abstract Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactyl on (L.) Pers.] is a productive warm-season, perennial grass that usually declines in forage quality during the summer. A 2-yr grazing study was conducted to determine whether protein supplementation or protein supplementation plus lasalocid influenced steer weight gain. Performance of steers on continuously stocked common bermudagrass were compared between treatments of: 1) daily consumption of a supplement, containing soybean meal and cotton seed meal, to provide individual steers in each group with 0.2 kg of protein/d, 2) daily consumption of the quantity of supplement plus 150 mg/d of Lasalocid, and 3) pasture only (control). Average daily gain (ADG) for the supplements were higher (P 0.1) between the two supplements. Crude protein of bermudagrass was above 9.0% for most of the study, indicating it was not deficient, but low organic matter digestibility over most of the study period indicated that energy content of the grass was low, as anticipated. Gain per hectare did not differ among the three treatments. Economic analysis further indicated that the cost of the increase in individual animal gain may be too high to have any positive cashflow benefit. Soybean and cottonseed meal protein supplemented to steers on bermudagrass may be utilized for energy rather than protein and will likely not provide any apparent economic benefit.
A New Genus—Stoneana—and Three New Species of Mexican Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

In 1936, Dr. E. D. Ball in company with Mr. W. E. Stone who is with the U. S. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine stationed in Mexico City, collected several species of Mexican leafhoppers. A very interesting species collected at that time was apparently not described and does not belong to a known genus. Dr. Ball had, therefore, planned before becoming seriously ill to name the genus for Mr. Stone and the species for Mrs. Stone and their daughter, both of whom have the given name Martha. Since Dr. Ball has not recovered and will probably not again be able to carry on his taxonomic studies, and since I have been working over a large amount of Mexican material, I am happy to name both the genus and species as he had planned and also in honor of my good friends, the three members of the Stone family.
Distribution of Na + , K + and Cl − between nucleus and cytoplasm in Chironomus salivary gland cells

Previous studies of the electrochemical activity coefficients of intracellular Na+ and K+ have suggested that the free form of these ions may be unevenly distributed within the intracellular fluids. One possible site of such subcellular compartmentalization is the cell nucleus. In order to examine this possibility, the cells ofChironomus salivary glands were studied with conventional liquid ion-exchange microelectrodes sensitive to K+ and Cl−, with a new liquid ion-exchange microelectrode sensitive to Na+, and with open-tipped micropipets. Both the electrochemical activities for Na+, K+ and Cl−, and the electrical potential were the same on both sides of the nuclear membrane. The possibility was considered that a difference in the junction potentials within the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm might have masked a real difference in electrical potential between these two phases. To study that possibility, changes were induced in the junction potentials by altering the composition of the fluid filling the exploring micropipets. The results have suggested that the magnitudes of the junction potentials are the same on both sides of the nuclear envelope. The simplest interpretation of the data is that the chemical activities of Na+, K+ and Cl− are the same within the nucleus and cytoplasm. This suggests that other subcellular structures, possibly the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, are responsible for subcellular compartmentalization.
Review Of The Genus Uroderma (Chiroptera)

The genus Uroderma (order Chiroptera, family Phyllostomatidae) is reviewed. Two species are recognized, both occupying a range from Bolivia and Brazil northward to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Mexico. Uroderma bilo-batum Peters, described in 1866, is divided into five geographic races as follows: U. b. bilobatum Peters in eastern Bolivia, Brazil, the Guianas, and most of Venezuela; U. b. thomasi Andersen in western Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador; U. b. trinitatum, described as new, from the island of Trinidad; U. b. convexum Lyon in western Venezuela, Colombia, most of Panama, and the Pacific versant of Middle America to Oaxaca; U. b. molaris, described as new, in the Atlantic versant of Middle America from western Panama to Veracruz, Mexico. The second species of Uroderma, which is described as new, occurs sympatrically with U. bilobatum. It differs in having a deep, heavy rostrum, a broad, shield-shaped mesethmoid, facial stripes faint or completely lacking, and in lacking an edging of white on the ears.
PARTIAL BETA -TUBULIN GENE SEQUENCES FOR EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES IN THE BASIDIOMYCOTINA

Four primer pairs comprising six individ- ual primers were used to amplify regions of 3-tubulin genes from members of the Basidiomycotina. A re- gion of approximately 500 bp, spanning two introns and 133 codons, was PCR-amplified and sequenced from isolates of Lentinula spp., Pleurotus spp., and several related taxa. Intronic regions were highly polymorphic among Pleurotus spp. and between Pleu- rotus and Lentinula. Two L. lateritia isolates were 99% similar to each other and 80.7%-82.8% similar to Pleurotus species. Sufficient polymorphism also ex- isted within protein coding regions to differentiate among species of Pleurotus. Lentinus tigrinus and Ganoderma lucidum shared a unique evolutionary lin- eage. The phylogenetic analysis provided evidence for an ancient gene duplication among ascomycete genes. The basidiomycete lineage is attached at a point near the Aspergillus nidulans BenA/Colletotri- chum graminicola Tub2 cluster, after the divergence of the gene duplication. The existing level of varia- tion among the fungi examined indicates that this gene will be useful in phylogenetic investigations of higher order relationships among broader groups of fungi.
Performance of Three-Dimensional Annular Diffusers with Varying Dump Gap Ratios

Experiments were performed on two annular diffusers to characterize the flow separation and pressure recovery to create a foundation for future active flow control techniques. Both diffusers had the same fully developed inlet flow condition, however, the expansion of the two diffusers differed such that one diffuser replicated a typical compressor discharge diffuser found in a real machine while the other would create a naturally separated flow along the outer wall. Both diffusers were tested at two Reynolds numbers, 5x10 4 and 1x10 5 , with and without a vertical wall downstream of the exit to replicate the dump diffuser that re-directs the flow from the pre-diffuser outlet radially to the combustor.These experimental results were used to validate a 3-dimensional RANS CFD model using realizable k-� turbulence with all wall Y+ treatment. Static pressure measurements were obtained along the OD and ID wall of the diffusers to determine the recovered pressure throughout the diffuser. Results show that the typical compressor discharge diffuser decreases in performance as the dump gap ratio decreases, while the naturally separated diffuser’s performance increases At a dump gap ratio of 0.5, both diffusers performed similarly.
NT-30COMPLICATIONS OF LASER INTERSTITIAL THERMAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS

OBJECTIVE: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has been described as a treatment for patients with brain tumors refractory to other treatments, with little emphasis on the risks of the procedure. This report focuses on complications of LITT in patients with tumors of the central nervous system. METHODS: Laser probes were inserted in the operating room using low-field intraoperative MRI (iMRI) guidance (5 patients), frameless stereotaxy (FS) in 2, and frame-based placement in 3. LITT itself was done in a 1.5 Tesla diagnostic MRI. Diagnoses included metastatic tumors in 7 patients, glioma in 2, and pituitary tumor in 1. One patient had a filum terminale ependymoma (with laser placement in the diagnostic MRI). RESULTS: In 1 patient in whom FS was used for image guidance, diagnostic MRI showed the laser fiber to be misplaced. Three complications resulted from the LITT itself. One patient with a glioblastoma of the vermis and fourth ventricle had bilateral palsies of cranial nerves 6 and 7 after treatment. A patient with a recurrent metastatic tumor after stereotactic radiosurgery had worsened left hemiparesis. These two patients were treated with steroids, with partial improvement of their deficits. The patient with the filum terminale ependymoma developed a paraparesis the day after treatment; MRI showed expansion of the intraspinal mass with resolution of enhancement, consistent with tumor ablation. She required a laminectomy and removal of the mass, with a combination of tumor and necrosis on histological examination. CONCLUSIONS: Complications of LITT can result from laser misplacement and from the laser treatment itself. Use of a stereotactic frame can limit the risk of inaccurate placement. Avoiding complications of the LITT itself can be done by undertreating the margin of a target in close proximity to critical structures. Intraspinal LITT should be used with great caution.
Proximate Composition and Nutrients

Dry matter (DM) of mushrooms is low, commonly between 8 and 14 g 100 g −1 of fresh matter. Usual values of DM composition are 20–25, 2–3, and 5–l2 g 100 g −1 for crude protein, crude fat, and ash (minerals), respectively, and various carbohydrates form the rest. Mushrooms are thus a low-energy food item. Previous data regarding protein content were overestimated. Mushrooms rank among foods with a marginal lipid nutritional role. Trehalose and mannitol prevail within soluble sugars. Among polysaccharides, chitin is the predominant component of cell walls and the main part of dietary fiber. High ash content is formed by potassium and phosphorus. Mushrooms seem to be a good source of ergosterol and vitamin D 2 formed from it, and of vitamin B 12 . Information on nutrient changes during storage, preservation, and culinary processing has been limited, as are data on nutritional bioavailability of nutrients.
The impact of nathan mantel's "the detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach"

Visit the Cancer Research 75th Anniversary [timeline][1]. See related article by Mantel, [Cancer Res 1967;27:209–20][2] . World War II was raging in Europe and it would be 11 months until the United States entered the war, when Cancer Research published its first issue in January 1941. As we
Effects of definitive chemoradiation on circulating immunologic angiogenic cytokines in head and neck cancer patients

Preclinical studies suggest a synergistic effect between radiation, immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy, although the mechanisms are unclear. Angiogenic cytokines are known to affect the immune system, and their levels may be associated with response to immunotherapy. Here, we assess changes in circulating VEGF, as well as angiogenic cytokines angiopoietin-1 and -2 (Ang1, Ang2), and placental growth factor (PLGF) that occur during definitive chemo-radiotherapy in HNSCC patients. We prospectively collected blood samples from patients receiving definitive radiation with or without chemotherapy. Serum Ang1, Ang2, VEGF, and PLGF were measured via cytokine assays. The majority of patients had advanced stage, node positive HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer, and received radiation to a median dose of 70 Gy with concurrent cisplatin. Over the course of treatment, serum VEGF and Ang1 levels decreased in 20/24 (84 %, p < 0.0001) and 21/24 (88 %, p < 0.0001) patients, respectively, and Ang2 and PLGF levels increased in 20/24 (83 %, p < 0.0001) patients. We find significant changes in angiogenic cytokines in the majority of HNSCC patients over the course of chemoradiation. Decreases in VEGF caused by radiation may represent one mechanism of potential synergy with immunotherapy. Increases in Ang2 and PLGF are interesting given their link to tumor associated angiogenesis and poor prognosis. Additional studies are needed to explore synergies between anti-angiogenic treatments, immunotherapy, and chemoradiation in HNSCC.
32-DFP and 51-Cr for measurement of red cell life span in abnormal hemoglobin syndromes.

The red cell life span was measured simultaneously using 51Cr and 32DFP in 21 patients with abnormal hemoglobin β chains and in 7 patients with normal hemoglobin. The patients included 9 with sickle cell anemia, 2 with sickle-β-thalassemia disease, 2 with sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease, 3 with homozygous hemoglobin C disease, 4 with sickle cell trait and 1 with hemoglobin C trait. The 51Cr elution rate from red cells carrying abnormal β chains was 1.2 per cent daily (range: 0.1-2.7 per cent; 4 patients had 2-component elution curves, the first of which was quite rapid (4.1-19.5 per cent daily) and could lead to significant error in the 51Cr estimate of red cell survival. The 51Cr elution rate for red cells with normal β chains was 1.3 per cent daily (range: 0.7-1.6 per cent). In the steady state, production of red cells was estimated from the 32DFP life span. Both figures varied with the disease process but erythropoiesis seldom obtained the 6-8 fold increase over normal that is considered to be the capability of normal bone marrow and hence a relative erythropoietic defect seems to be frequently present in patients with abnormal hemoglobin diseases. Two sibling pairs with sickle cell anemia were studied and were found to vary from each other as much as did the other patients with this disorder.
The Homegrown Downtown: Redevelopment in Asheville, North Carolina:

The successful transformation of Asheville’s downtown from desolate to vibrant is noteworthy. This article shows how successful redevelopment coalitions have shaped the downtown, with focus on the post-1980 period. In recent decades, public-sector officials and private investors have collaborated to create a downtown rooted in an architecturally significant historic built environment and based on independent business. Those most active have often crossed business, creative, and philanthropic sectors in ways we describe as “social entrepreneurial.” The Asheville downtown coalition differs from the progrowth as well as the populist (progressive) regimes identified in other literature, but offers insights into downtown development efforts as urban governance becomes more fragmented and city development policy more focused on tourism and consumption.
Patient-Reported Outcomes after Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair:

Approximately 350,000 ventral hernia repairs are performed in the United States each year. Patients expect fast recovery after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) and undisturbed postoperative quality of life (QOL). We examined the utility of a brief, validated 10-point Linear Analog Self-Assessment coupled with the Visual Analog Scale pain scale to discern risk factors for decreased postoperative QOL. Between January 2011 and May 2013, we prospectively assessed patient-reported outcomes for patients who underwent LVHR. Visual Analog Scale pain scale and Linear Analog Self-Assessment items were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at four hours, one day, and seven days. Eighteen patients were included, 11 were female (61%) and 8 > 60 years old (44%). Patient-reported fatigue increased clinically and statistically from baseline over time (P = 0.007) as did pain (P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in QOL scores over time by gender with women reporting worse scores than men (P = 0.001). In conclusion, our study detected significant changes from baseline in both fatigue and pain over the seven days after LVHR. Age is associated with postoperative differences in physical well-being. Gender is associated with differences in postoperative course in QOL and physical well-being.
Application of the generalized matching law to point-after-touchdown conversions and kicker selection in college football

Abstract Coaches make a variety of complex decisions in American-rules college football, especially related to point-after-touchdown (PAT) conversions and, historically, kicker selection. However, little research has characterized the pattern of these choices and whether they are sensitive to environmental manipulations, such as increased effort to score. In the present study, the generalized matching law (GML)—a model that predicts a linear relation between log-transformed choices for two alternatives and the amount of reinforcement garnered from them—was applied to PAT-conversion (1 point vs. 2 point) and kicker (soccer-style vs. conventional-style) selection using archived data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Overall, PAT-conversion and kicker selection exhibited matching. Further, narrowing the goal-post width was associated with decreased preference for one-point (relative to two-point) PAT attempts and enhanced sensitivity to increases in points scored from one-point (relative to two-point) PAT attempts. This investigation provides support for the ecological validity of the GML and demonstrates that complex decisions in football conform to an orderly pattern that can be described using the GML.
Recurrent convulsions in children.

For general practitioners, who handle more than 85 per cent of all pediatric care, Postgraduate Medicine here presents authoritative, up-to-date summaries by specialists in pediatric problems.
Polychlorinated Biphenyl and Organochlorine Pesticide Concentrations in Maternal Mid-Pregnancy Serum Samples: Association with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

Background:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are neurodevelopmental toxicants, but few studies have examined associations with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Obj...
Predictors of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy: A systematic review

Abstract Background Multiple studies have sought to determine variables associated with improved "response" to cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT). Such variables, however, are often derived from inadequately controlled, single center cohort studies calling external validity into question. We sought to determine predictors of response to CRT-D and CRT-P utilizing the methods of systematic review. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase®, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from January 1, 1995, as this is the date of first article reporting use of CRT through October 20, 2014. Paired investigators independently screened search results to assess eligibility. For inclusion, investigators abstracted data sequentially and assessed risk of bias independently. Investigators graded the strength of evidence as a group. Results We identified 13,015 unique citations of which 11,897 were excluded during the abstract screen. During the full-text screening, we excluded 1118 citations. 12 studies reported in 15 articles were included in this review. A left bundle branch (LBBB) morphology, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), and female gender were generally associated with improved outcomes following CRT-D. Sinus rhythm (as compared to atrial fibrillation) and a wider QRS duration were associated with improved outcomes following CRT-D albeit with a lower strength of evidence. There was insufficient evidence to determine predictors of outcomes in patients undergoing CRT-P. Conclusions A native LBBB, NICM, female gender, sinus rhythm, and a wider QRS duration are associated with improved outcomes following CRT-D implant.
Constitutive properties of dry sand observable in the triaxial test

The so-called “rigid-granular” model for dry sand is tested here, within the frame of a bifurcation analysis of continuous and discontinuous deformation modes occurring in the triaxial test. For describing incipient shear parallel to the geometric axes of the sample and at 45° to them, two shear moduli μ and\(\mathop \mu \limits^* \) must be introduced. For obtaining predictions conformable to the experimental evidence, μ and\(\mathop \mu \limits^* \) must be proportional to the governing stress level and their ratio\(\mathop \mu \limits^* /\mu \) must be less then 1 (anisotropy). The analysis shows then that: 1) in the compression test the diffuse mode (bulging) occurs in the hardening regime whereas the localized modes (rigid wedges, shear bands) occur in the softening regime, and 2) in the extension test localized necking is always occurring in the hardening regime.
Impact of Mn(II)-Manganese Oxide Reactions on Ni and Zn Speciation.

Layered Mn oxide minerals (phyllomanganates) often control trace metal fate in natural systems. The strong uptake of metals such as Ni and Zn by phyllomanganates results from adsorption on or incorporation into vacancy sites. Mn(II) also binds to vacancies and subsequent comproportionation with structural Mn(IV) may alter sheet structures by forming larger and distorted Mn(III)O6 octahedra. Such Mn(II)-phyllomanganate reactions may thus alter metal uptake by blocking key reactive sites. Here we investigate the effect of Mn(II) on Ni and Zn binding to phyllomanganates of varying initial vacancy content (δ-MnO2, hexagonal birnessite, and triclinic birnessite) at pH 4 and 7 under anaerobic conditions. Dissolved Mn(II) decreases macroscopic Ni and Zn uptake at pH 4 but not pH 7. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy demonstrates that decreased uptake at pH 4 corresponds with altered Ni and Zn adsorption mechanisms. These metals transition from binding in the interlayer to sheet edges, with Zn ...
Applying Machine Learning to Predict Davidson College's Admissions Yield

This project attempted to find a solution to the problem of declining yield rates at colleges and universities around the nation. Yield rate, the rate at which accepted students decide to enroll at a given school, is important to a school for academic, economic and logistical reasons. As such, this project aimed to raise the yield rate at Davidson College by applying machine learning techniques to applicant data in order to predict the yield decisions of the applicants. Using these techniques, a model was created that predicted applicants' yield decisions with 86% accuracy. With these predictions, Davidson College can have a better understanding of their yield and can consequently make more informed, tactical admissions decisions, thus raising their yield rate.
Preparation and reactivity of a square-planar PNP cobalt(ii)-hydrido complex: isolation of the first {Co-NO}8-hydride.

The synthesis of a square-planar cobalt(II) hydrido complex supported by a pyrrole-based PNP ligand has been reinvestigated and its reactivity with various small molecules examined. Preparation of the complex was accomplished by treatment of the corresponding chloride complex, [CoCl(tBuPNP)] (tBuPNP = anion of 2,5-bis((di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl)pyrrole), with di-iso-butylaluminum hydride (DIBAL). Reaction of [CoCl(tBuPNP)] with other hydride sources such as NaEt3BH and LiAlH4 resulted in mixtures of the desired Co(II) hydride along with the reduced Co(I) species, [Co(N2)(tBuPNP)], as the primary product. The hydride complex exhibits facile migratory insertion chemistry with CO2 producing the corresponding Co(II) formate complex. When the Co–H complex is reacted with nitric oxide, the first example of a cobalt nitrosyl hydride complex is produced.
Fostering Transformation by Hearing Voices: Evaluating a 6-Second, Low-Fidelity Simulation:

BACKGROUND: The stigma of psychosis, with the accompanying symptoms of auditory and visual hallucinations, can affect a nurse’s ability to provide safe, effective care. Increasing knowledge of the ...
A cell surface display fluorescent biosensor for measuring MMP14 activity in real-time.

Despite numerous recent advances in imaging technologies, one continuing challenge for cell biologists and microscopists is the visualization and measurement of endogenous proteins as they function within living cells. Achieving this goal will provide a tool that investigators can use to associate cellular outcomes with the behavior and activity of many well-studied target proteins. Here, we describe the development of a plasmid-based fluorescent biosensor engineered to measure the location and activity of matrix metalloprotease-14 (MMP14). The biosensor design uses fluorogen-activating protein technology coupled with a MMP14-selective protease sequence to generate a binary, “switch-on” fluorescence reporter capable of measuring MMP14 location, activity, and temporal dynamics. The MMP14-fluorogen activating protein biosensor approach is applicable to both short and long-term imaging modalities and contains an adaptable module that can be used to study many membrane-bound proteases. This MMP14 biosensor promises to serve as a tool for the advancement of a broad range of investigations targeting MMP14 activity during cell migration in health and disease.
Timing of gestational exposure to Zika virus is associated with postnatal growth restriction in a murine model

BACKGROUND Vertical transmission of Zika virus leads to infection of neuroprogenitor cells and destruction of brain parenchyma. Recent evidence suggests that the timing of infection as well as host factors may affect vertical transmission. As a result, congenital Zika virus infection may only become clinically apparent in the postnatal period. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop an outbred mouse model of Zika virus vertical transmission to determine if the timing of gestational Zika virus exposure yields phenotypic differences at birth and through adolescence. We hypothesized that later gestational inoculations would only become apparent in adolescence. STUDY DESIGN To better recapitulate human exposures, timed pregnant Swiss-Webster dams (n = 15) were subcutaneously inoculated with 1 × 104 plaque-forming units of first passage contemporary Zika virus HN16 strain or a mock injection on embryonic day 4, 8, or 12 with bioactive antiinterferon alpha receptor antibody administered in days preceding and proceeding inoculation. The antibody was given to prevent the robust type I interferon signaling cascade that make mice inherently resistant to Zika virus infection. At birth and adolescence (6 weeks of age) offspring were assessed for growth, brain weight, and biparietal head diameters, and Zika virus viral levels by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or in situ hybridization. RESULTS Pups of Zika virus-infected dams infected at embryonic days 4 and 8 but not 12 were growth restricted (P 2 SD, P = .0007). All pups and adolescent mice were assessed for Zika virus infection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Analysis of all underweight pups reveled 1 to be positive for neuronal Zika virus infection by in situ hybridization, while a second moribund animal was diffusely positive at 8 days of age by Zika virus infectivity throughout the brain, kidneys, and intestine. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that postnatal effects of infection occurring at single time points continue to be detrimental to offspring in the postnatal period in a subset of littermates and subject to a window of gestational susceptibility coinciding with placentation. This model recapitulates frequently encountered clinical scenarios in nonendemic regions, including the majority of the United States, where travel-related exposure occurs in short and well-defined windows of gestation. Our low rate of infection and relatively rare evidence of congenital Zika syndrome parallels human population-based data.
Experimental Evidence of the “Tide of Battle”

It is generally known that the incidence of casualties in combat is governed by factors which cause consecutive casualties to be not independent. A letter from Dr. Wilbur B. Payne to the author, attached as a supplement to this paper, discusses quite well the important factors affecting this lack of independence. The causes of the correlation between consecutive casualties will therefore not be the subject of this paper. It does investigate from several approaches the nature of the dependence using experimental data.
Bayesian characterization of uncertainty in multi-modal image registration

Understanding and quantifying the uncertainty involved when registering images is an important problem in medical imaging, where clinical decisions are made based on the registered solution. This is especially important in non-rigid registration where the higher degrees of freedom may provide unwarranted confidence in the results, through over-fitting. The Bayesian approach, which defines uncertainty as the posterior distribution on deformations, requires a generative model of the image formation process where the fixed image is modeled as a deformed version of the moving image plus a noise term. As per this model, the likelihood term is equivalent to the sum-of-squared differences image matching metric and is therefore valid only for same-mode image registration. In this paper, we propose a general formalism to quantify Bayesian uncertainty in the registration of multi-modal images through an extended probability model that introduces and then marginalizes out a stochastic transfer function between moving and fixed image intensities.
The Optimization of What

This chapter traces the impact of decision support methods, including those based on Artificial Intelligence concepts, from the beginning, through to the present, and concludes with proposals for the future of the profession. Most of the readers of this book are engaged in the creation of models, systems, data and knowledge bases and methodologies. These are all worthwhile tasks, and some of them are seriously complicated and tricky to do. Our goal in this chapter is to encourage colleagues to move up a gear. Since the start in 1965, members of our profession have solved several thousand problems for organizations. The next job is to tackle more worldclass issues. We have the skills and the tools to do this. The executives we work with are more computer aware than they were in the 1960s. We ourselves know more about the need for social acceptance than before. The chapter pencils in the history of the DSS concept from the start, then reviews the problems we are collectively tackling now, before moving on to consider the global scale of the challenges that lie ahead.
A simplified account of cooperative effects in molecular walker teams

We study the motion of random walkers with residence time bias between first and subsequent visits to a site, as a model for synthetic molecular walkers based on catalytic DNA known as molecular spiders. Even though a single one-legged walker does not exhibit directional, superdiffusive motion, we find that a team of one-legged walkers on parallel tracks, connected by a flexible tether, does enjoy a superdiffusive transient.
Accelerated vs. regular approval: Lessons learned from U.S. FDA oncology approvals.

2540Background: This work categorizes the justifications for accelerated and regular approvals (AA and RA) of oncology products granted by U.S. FDA, based on endpoints other than overall survival (...
Phosphorus/Carbon Composite Anode for Potassium-Ion Batteries: Insights into High Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Superior Cyclic Performance

Potassium-ion batteries recently start to attract attention because potassium is abundant in the Earth’s crust and the commercial graphite anode works well in potassium-ion batteries. However, the ...
Tandem eneyne allene-radical cyclization via [2,3] sigmatropic shifts

Abstract Eneyne allenes generated from [2,3] sigmatropic shifts will undergo tandem eneyne allene-radical cyclizations.
C2-Symmetric Sc(III)-Complexes as Chiral Lewis Acids. Catalytic Enantioselective Aldol Additions to Glyoxylate Esters

Cationic Lewis acid complexes [Sc(pyridyl-bis(oxazolinyl)](Cl2)SbF6 1a and 1b catalyze aldol reactions with ethyl glyoxylate with enantioselectivities ranging from 90 to 99% ee and syn reaction diastereoselections ranging from 90:10 to 95:5.
Ideas and Suggestions of Chinese-style Agricultural Modernization

The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC) stressedthe need to develop Chinese-style agricultural modernization in the part of how to balance urban and ruraldevelopment, and the construction of a new socialist countryside, which is the accurate analysis of the PartyCentral Committee of the current situation of world rural agricultural development trend and the Chinese ag-ricultural development. Meanwhile, it is a major strategic decision to comprehensively grasp the new require-ments for the national economic and social development, and accelerate agricultural and rural development.To promote the new rural construction, the construction of Chinese-style agricultural modernization, andhelp China complete the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture is a long historicalprocess, which is a complicated engineering system. Based on Chinese current conditions, learning the refer-ence of the world agriculture modernization construction experience, using the advanced technology andmodern management transformation to transform China traditional agriculture and gradually changing the ag-riculture economy growth mode, equipped the agriculture with modern material facilities, rebuilding agricul-ture with modern scientific technology, promoting agriculture with modern industrial system, promoting theagriculture with modern management form, leading agriculture with modern development idea, and trainingnew farmers to develop agriculture, we can speed up the construction of Chinese-style agricultural modern-ization.
SBG Applications: Aquatic Ecosystems Including Corals, Harmful Algal Blooms, Water Quality, Restoration

Surface Biology Geology Community Workshop; June 12, 2019 - June 14, 2019; Washington, DC; United States