cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Fruit Sensory Quality by Post‐Harvest Applications of Acetaldehyde and Ethanol

Post-harvest application of acetaldehyde vapors to blueberries, tomatoes, and pears led to the enhancement of the fruit sensory quality including an increase in the sugar content, sugar-acid ratio, and flavor changes judged to be acceptable by test panels. Applied ethanol vapors led to similar but limited enhancement of fruit sensory quality. Comparative applications of ethylene were more effective in stimulating changes in the background color, including an increase in the total carotenoid content in tomato and anthocyanines in blueberry. Ethylene, however, had little or no effect, and occasionally led to deleterious changes in the fruit sensory quality. Acetaldehyde and related volatiles may be important in the development of fruit sensory quality, as occurring normally during ripening, or as a post-harvest application for the improvement of fruit sensory quality.
Expression of maternal isotopes in offspring: implications for interpreting ontogenetic shifts in isotopic composition of consumer tissues

When evaluating ontogenetic shifts in isotopic composition of consumer tissues within the context of a dietary analysis, the isotopic starting point of consumers in the population should not be ignored. Neonate isotopic composition may be different from that of juveniles and adults; in general, neonate tissues are built from maternal resources rather than food resources. Thus, the range of isotope values observed within a population of consumers may be significantly impacted by consumer isotope ratios at birth. Long-term goals of my research involve the use of stable isotopes to assess the role diet plays in driving population level differences in life history and demography observed among three pigmy rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius; family Viperidae) populations. For meaningful interpretation of field-collected data, it was important to determine starting (i.e., at birth) isotopic compositions of rattlesnakes from the study populations. We quantified isotopic composition of pregnant pigmy rattlesnake sc...
Gauge quantization for spin-32 fields

Abstract The free massless Rarita-Schwinger equation and a recently constructed interacting field theory known as supergravity are invariant under fermionic gauge transformations. Gauge field quantization techniques are applied in both cases. For the free field the Faddeev-Popov ansatz for the generating functional is justified by showing that it is equivalent to canonical quantization in a particular gauge. Propagators are obtained in several gauges and are shown to be ghost-free and causal. For supergravity the Faddeev-Popov ansatz is presented and the gauge fixing and determinant terms are discussed in detail in a Lorentz covariant gauge. The Slavnov-Taylor identity is obtained. It is argued that supergravity theory is free from the difficulty of acausal wave propagation of the type found by Velo and Zwanziger and that pole residues in tree approximation S-matrix elements are positive as required by unitarity.
Clinical experiences of delayed contrast enhancement with cardiac computed tomography: case series

Background Myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE) by gadolinium-enhanced cardiac MRI is well established for myocardial scar assessment in ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease. The role of MDE by cardiac CT (CT-MDE) is not yet defined.
Outage probability of diversity systems over generalized fading channels

Outage probability is an important performance measure of communication systems operating over fading channels. Relying on a simple and accurate algorithm for the numerical inversion of the Laplace transforms of cumulative distribution functions, we develop a moment generating function-based numerical technique for the outage probability evaluation of maximal-ratio combining (MRC) and postdetection equal-gain combining (EGC) in generalized fading channels for which the fading in each diversity path need not be independent, identically distributed, nor even distributed according to the same family of distributions. The method is then extended to coherent EGC but only for the case of Nakagami-m fading channels. The mathematical formalism is illustrated by applying the method to some selected numerical examples of interest showing the impact of the power delay profile and the fading correlation on the outage probability of MRC and EGC systems.
Structural and U/Pb chronology of superimposed folds, Adirondack Mountains: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Grenville Province

Abstract The Grenville Province of eastern Laurentia formed during Mesoproterozoic events that led to the formation of the supercontinent of Rodinia. Structural analysis and U-Pb geochronology of the Piseco antiform in the southern Adirondack Highlands part of the Grenville Province has shed new light on the geology and structural history of this orogen. An outcrop positioned on the northern limb of the Piseco antiform near Wells, NY, contains a major F 1 fold refolded by regional F 2 and F 3 axes. This is the first recognized large-scale F 1 fold in the Adirondack Highlands. Foliated leucocratic gneiss and deformed metagabbro dikes in the core of the antiform have yielded single-grain U-Pb zircon ages of 1172.4±2.2 and 1165.4±1.3 Ma, respectively. Discordant pegmatitic veins that crosscut the foliation in the metagabbro have yielded an estimated 207 Pb/ 206 Pb age of 1052.4 Ma. The geochronological data have several important implications. The 1172 Ma age of the Wells leucocratic gneiss is virtually identical with that of the syntectonic Hyde School gneiss, Rockport granite, and Wellesley granite from the Adirondack Lowlands and Frontenac terrane of the Central Metasedimentary Belt, thus extending the known distribution of magmas of this age to the southern Adirondack Highlands. We relate these syntectonic granitoids and F 1 folds to the suturing of the ca. 1350–1250 Ma Adirondack Highlands-Green Mountain arc to the composite arc terrane and Laurentia at 1220–1170 Ma. The 1165 Ma deformed metagabbro contains the S 2 but not the S 1 foliation, and we correlate the metagabbro with the ca. 1170–1125 Ma AMCG suite, interpreted to have formed in response to orogenic collapse and delamination following the collision. The Wells leucocratic gneiss and gabbro were folded by reclined isoclinal F 2 folds and upright F 3 folds, and cut by apparently undeformed ca. 1052.4 Ma pegmatitic dikes. Since the discordant pegmatites cut the S 1 , S 2 , and S 3 foliations which postdate the ca. 1090 Ma Hawkeye granite, the timing of F 2 and F 3 deformations is constrained between ca. 1090 and 1052.4 Ma. This interval corresponds to the ca. 1090–1040 Ma Ottawan Orogeny in the Adirondacks, related to the continent-continent collision of the Laurentian margin with another continent, possibly Amazonia.
Does Creatine Supplementation Hinder Exercise Heat Tolerance or Hydration Status? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

Objective: To critically assess original research addressing the effect of creatine supplementation on exercise heat tolerance and hydration status. Data Sources: We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Rehabilitation & Physical Medicine, without date limitations, for the following key words: creatine, exercise, thermoregulation, dehydration, hyperthermia, heat tolerance, exertional heat illnesses, and renal function. Our goal was to identify randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of creatine supplementation on hydration status and thermoregulation. Citations from related articles also were identified and retrieved. Data Synthesis: Original research was reviewed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale. One author initially screened all articles. Fifteen of 95 articles examined the effects of creatine on thermoregulation or hydration status (or both). Two independent reviewers then reviewed these articles. Ten studies were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The PEDro scores for the 10 studies ranged from 7 to 10 points (maximum possible score 5 10 points). Conclusions: No evidence supports the concept that creatine supplementation either hinders the body’s ability to dissipate heat or negatively affects the athlete’s body fluid balance. Controlled experimental trials of athletes exercising in the heat resulted in no adverse effects from creatine supplementation at recommended dosages.
Adaptive, secure, and scalable distributed data outsourcing: a vision paper

The growing trend towards grid computing and cloud computing provides enormous potential for enabling dynamic, distributed and data-intensive applications such as sharing and processing of large-scale scientific data. It also creates an increasing challenge for automatically and dynamically placing the data in the globally distributed computers or data centers in order to optimally utilize resources while minimizing user-perceived latency. This challenge is further complicated by the security and privacy constraints on the data that are potential sensitive. In this paper, we present our vision of an adaptive, secure, and scalable data outsourcing framework for storing and processing massive, dynamic, and potentially sensitive data using distributed resources. We identify the main technical challenges and present some preliminary solutions. The key idea of the framework is that it combines data partitioning, encryption, and data reduction to ensure data confidentiality and privacy while minimizing the cost for data shipping and computation. We believe the framework will provide a holistic conceptual foundation for secure data outsourcing that enables dynamic, distributed, and data-intensive applications and will open up many exciting research challenges.
Primary structure and microtubule-interacting domain of the SP-H antigen: a mitotic MAP located at the spindle pole and characterized as a homologous protein to NuMA.

Using a human autoantibody, SP-H, we identified a 200–230 kDa mitotic MAP in a variety of mammalian cell lines which shows affinity for the minus end of microtubules and also becomes associated with the spindle pole during mitosis. To examine the detailed structure and functional organization of the protein, the gene coding for the end-specific MAP was isolated and characterized by screening a human placenta lambda gt11 expression library using SP-H as a probe. Overlapping cDNA clones, which covered the entire length of the coding region of the SP-H antigen, were obtained. Polyclonal antibodies raised against fusion proteins generated from non-overlapping cDNA fragments stained the HeLa SP-H antigen in interphase and mitotic cells, and recognized a single 215 kDa band on immunoblots, as did the original SP-H antibody. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed a 7,091 nucleotide sequence with an open reading frame of 6,345 nucleotides encoding a 2,115 amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 238,376 Da. The predicted amino acid sequence showed the protein to be composed of an alpha-helical domain, flanked by globular domains located at the amino and carboxy termini. The sequence contained five repeats of the hypothetical leucine zipper motif: one is in the N-terminal globular domain, and four are in the central alpha-helical stalk. Comparison with other sequences in the database shows that the SP-H antigen is identical to the NuMA protein reported by Yang et al. (1992) J. Cell Biol. 116, 1303–1317, but there are differences between the SP-H antigen and NuMA sequence reported by Compton et al. (1992) J. Cell Biol. 116, 1395–1408. cDNA inserts of the truncated SP-H antigen were expressed in both insect Sf9 cells and in cultured mammalian cells. The recombinant protein corresponding to the C-terminal half of the protein was restricted to the nucleus, whereas the N-terminal half of the protein was localized in the cytoplasm, suggesting the presence of a nuclear translocation signal(s) in the C-terminal domain. The C-terminal polypeptide expressed in mitotic COS cells was shown to specifically localize at the spindle pole. Microtubule-binding assays using in vitro transcribed/translated polypeptide products from different domains of the SP-H antigen further suggested that the SP-H antigen interacts with microtubules through the globular domain at the C-terminus.
Experience using S.1: an expert system for newspaper printing press configuration

This paper describes some of our experience gathered during the development of an expert system, the press lineup advisor, in which we used the commercially available expert system development tool, S.1.™ Discussion includes: (1) how we used S. l to develop a system which solves a configuration problem; (2) difficulties we encountered when applying S.1 to this specific reasoning problem; (3) limitations of S.1 from both problem-solving and operational points of view and (4) issues remaining to be solved with respect to generalization of the system.
Evaluation of a Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy Intervention to Improve Body Image and Decrease Dieting in College Women

This two-group experimental study evaluated the effectiveness of a cognitive–behavioral body image intervention, adapted from an effective clinical intervention, with normal college females. Participants included nonclinical, freshman college women who were assigned randomly to either the experimental intervention or the control group (brief educational session). Participants were assessed prior to the intervention and again 1 month later on dieting behavior, body image, fear of fat, and anxiety concerning physical appearance. Although it was hypothesized that each of these variables would be lower in the experimental group, none of these results, except for a trend for decreased dieting, were found. Overall these results of slightly reduced dieting behavior are consistent with other research targeting primary and secondary prevention. This intervention's failure to impact body image and eating behaviors of college students illustrates the continuing challenge of eating disorders prevention.
Computational Assessment of Combinations of Gait Modifications for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation

Gait modification is a noninvasive strategy for reducing the external knee adduction torque in patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Recently, a novel ldquomedial thrustrdquo gait pattern characterized by knee medialization during stance phase has been shown to reduce both adduction torque peaks significantly. While changes in footpath (i.e., toe out angle and stance width) also affect the adduction torque peaks, the extent to which footpath changes may alter the effectiveness of medial thrust gait is unknown. This study used a validated patient-specific computational model to investigate this issue. A dynamic optimization framework that accurately predicted adduction torque changes caused by knee medialization or footpath alteration for a specific patient was modified to predict the simultaneous effect of both factors. Medial thrust gait optimizations were then performed for the same patient using imposed footpath alterations consisting of all possible combinations of three toe out angles (nominal plusmn15deg) and three stance widths (nominal plusmn 50 mm). Overall, predicted adduction torque reductions produced by medial thrust gait were relatively insensitive to footpath alterations. The 32%-34% reduction in both peaks achieved with the nominal footpath was augmented by at most 9% and reduced by at most 3% for the altered footpaths. When combined with knee medialization, footpath alterations would likely have only a secondary effect on knee adduction torque reductions for this particular patient.
Residents' Corner: Merkel Cell Carcinoma‐A Problem with Microscopically Controlled Surgery

Trabecular cell carcinoma, originally described by Toker, is a malignant skin tumor, probably of Merkel cell origin. These tumors are locally aggressive and may metastasize. Prompt surgical removal is mandatory. The clinical features are often not diagnostic, and diagnosis is primarily by histologic examination. Special studies, especially electron microscopy, may be required to differentiate this tumor from others. During surgery, particularly with Mohs microscopically controlled excision, provision must be made for proper handling of the specimen so that these special studies can be carried out.
Race, Class, and Political Involvement in the U.S.

The popular notion that social class positively affects political involvement is modified to accommodate two race-class interaction arguments based on Gordon's concept of the ethclass. The resulting null and steep slope theories are then tested by multivariate trend analysis of seven University of Michigan Presidential election year surveys for the period 1952-76, with particular reference to the recently developed political climate theory of black political involvement. Statistical interaction between race and education supports the null slope theory and between race and income the steep slope theory. Furthermore, changes in the sign and magnitude of class indicators in predicting political involvement among blacks correlate with changes in the political climate, giving insight into the varying political profile of black Americans during this period of great change.
Biomarcadores en la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda

Resumen La asistencia de los pacientes con descompensacion aguda de la insuficiencia cardiaca esta cambiando gracias a la disponibilidad y el conocimiento de varios nuevos biomarcadores de la insuficiencia y otros que estan apareciendo. Los patrones de referencia como biomarcadores en la insuficiencia cardiaca son el peptido natriuretico tipo B y la fraccion aminoterminal del propeptido natriuretico tipo B, que desempenan un papel importante en el diagnostico, el pronostico y el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda descompensada. Los nuevos biomarcadores que se relacionan de manera creciente con los procesos de lesion miocardica, activacion neurohormonal y remodelado ventricular son prometedores para mejorar el diagnostico y el pronostico de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda descompensada. Entre ellos se encuentran la region media del propeptido natriuretico auricular, la ST2 soluble, la galectina-3, la troponina de alta sensibilidad y la region media de proadrenomedulina. Tambien se ha asistido a la aparicion de biomarcadores para la evaluacion de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda descompensada que facilitan el diagnostico diferencial de la disnea, como la procalcitonina (para la identificacion de la neumonia aguda), asi como de marcadores que predicen las complicaciones de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda descompensada, como son los marcadores de la lesion renal. En este articulo se examina la fisiopatologia y la utilidad de los biomarcadores establecidos y los nuevos biomarcadores surgidos para el diagnostico clinico, el pronostico y el tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda descompensada.
SNAREpins are functionally resistant to disruption by NSF and alphaSNAP.

SNARE (SNAP [soluble NSF {N-ethylmaleimide–sensitive fusion protein} attachment protein] receptor) proteins are required for many fusion processes, and recent studies of isolated SNARE proteins reveal that they are inherently capable of fusing lipid bilayers. Cis-SNARE complexes (formed when vesicle SNAREs [v-SNAREs] and target membrane SNAREs [t-SNAREs] combine in the same membrane) are disrupted by the action of the abundant cytoplasmic ATPase NSF, which is necessary to maintain a supply of uncombined v- and t-SNAREs for fusion in cells. Fusion is mediated by these same SNARE proteins, forming trans-SNARE complexes between membranes. This raises an important question: why doesn't NSF disrupt these SNARE complexes as well, preventing fusion from occurring at all? Here, we report several lines of evidence that demonstrate that SNAREpins (trans-SNARE complexes) are in fact functionally resistant to NSF, and they become so at the moment they form and commit to fusion. This elegant design allows fusion to proceed locally in the face of an overall environment that massively favors SNARE disruption.
Research on Cooperative Learning: an international perspective

(1989). Research on Cooperative Learning: an international perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research: Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 231-243.
Design of Molecular Logic Devices Based on a Programmable DNA-Regulated Semisynthetic Enzyme†

In living cells, enzyme activity and function are tightly regulated at multiple levels through information transfer processes programmed by evolution to respond appropriately to patterns of extracellular stimuli.[1] By contrast, methods for controlling enzyme activity in vitro are typically non-informational[2] and hence not readily amenable to programming.[3] We report a general chemical encoding strategy for fashioning natural enzymes into informational and thus programmable complexes that, along with a range of programming options, can be used to modulate enzyme activity in vitro according to user-defined parameters and inputs. The approach converts an enzyme and its inhibitor into an intrasterically inactivated enzyme complex subject to DNA-directed allosteric activation.[4] An enzyme programmed in this fashion can utilize DNA inputs to selectively and reversibly turn catalytic activity on or off generating what constitutes temporally dependent output signals, read as the amounts or rates of product formed. Moreover, DNA-encoded intrasterically regulated enzymes can be readily programmed to execute specific tasks as highlighted by systems capable of performing AND, OR, and NOR logic operations and operating as sensitive PCR-independent gene diagnostic probes. Programmable enzymes are expected to impact a range of applications including molecular computation, construction of in vitro biosynthetic networks, and in biomedical settings such as diagnostics and enzyme therapeutics.
Bioconjugated Ag nanoparticles and CdTe nanowires: metamaterials with field-enhanced light absorption.

The hybrid assembly of inorganic and metallic nanomaterials by means of chemical and biological bonding to yield manifold optical and electromagnetic properties has received widespread attention. Currently available highly monodispersed nanomaterials such as semiconductors and noble metals that can be conjugated by ligand–receptor, antigen– antibody reactions, polymer tethering, and DNA hybridization are used as building blocks for 2D or 3D superstructures in which new collective properties of these artificial assemblies have been obtained. They represent a large class of newmaterials (i.e., metamaterials) in which the properties are determined not only by classical atomic composition, but also by nanoscale organization of structural components. Recently, metamaterials based on metallic composites have received special attention as these are expected to display negative values for permittivity and refractive index. This property should lead to a multitude of unique optical effects. Many of these effects are related to surface plasmons on Au or Ag nanoparticles (NPs), which generate exceptionally high localized electromagnetic fields, and have been exploited in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and some optoelectronic devices. 22] Metamaterials from semiconductors and their combinations with metals can also produce optical effects that are useful for development of advanced sensing and imaging technologies. Recently, we
Multiple message broadcasting with generalized Fibonacci trees

The authors present efficient algorithms for broadcasting multiple messages. They assume n processors, one of which contains m packets that it must broadcast to each of the remaining n-1 processors. The processors communicate in rounds. In one round each processor is able to send one packet to any other processor and receive one packet from any other processor. The authors give a broadcasting algorithm which requires m+log n+3 log log n +15 rounds. In addition, they show a simple lower bound of m+(log n) -1 rounds for broadcasting in this model. >
Bounds on threshold dimension and disjoint threshold coverings

Bn threshold graphs, with B = 1.5A. Thus the difference between these two covering numbers can grow linearly in the number of vertices .
A 59Co NMR relaxation probe of macromolecule anionic binding sites

Abstract 59 Co NMR linewidth measurements are reported which show that hexacyanocobaltate-(III) ion may be used as a sensitive probe of protein interactions with anions in aqueous solutions. Applications are demonstrated to bovine serum albumin where the probe ion binding is monitored as a function of pH and is displaced from the protein sites by hexacyanoferrate(III) ion. The general utility of complex metal ions is suggested as a generally useful approach to the analysis of ion-macromolecule interactions.
Pattern Formation And Shape Transitions Of Phospholipid Domains At The Air-water Interface

Above a critical surface pressure, phospholipid monolayers at the air-water interface undergo a first-order phase transition between a fluid and a more condensed phase. In this two-phase regime, the condensed phase exists as discrete domains within the continuous fluid phase; these domains can be directly visualized using fluorescence video microscopy. One of the mast interesting, yet least understood, aspect of this domain formation is the variety of shapes that are generally observed. We applied a mean-field free energy theory to predict equilibrium shapes of domains characterized by boundaries which are regularly undulating. We report the results of the analysis and compare the theoretical predictions with experimental findings. An understanding of the formation of complex spatial patterns, such as those formed during crystal growth and solidification of metals, is a long standing and challenging problem. Insoluble monolayers at the air-water interface are a cornerstone of colloid and interface science; they also represent conceptually simple examples of self-organization which serve as ideal systems for unravelling the fundamental mechanisms of nucleation, growth, and associated pattern formation.
PHOTOOXIDATIVE DESTRUCTION OF CHLOROPLASTS AND ITS EFFECT ON NUCLEAR GENE EXPRESSION AND EXTRAPLASTIDIC ENZYME LEVELS

The cooperation between the nuclear and plastidic genome has been investigated extensively and it is generally accepted that plastidic development is controlled by the genetic information encoded in the nucleus (Ellis, 1981). It was discovered only recently that plastids are also involved in controlling extraplastidic events. If carotenoid-free plastids are destroyed by photooxidation. expression of plastidic proteins which are encoded in the nucleus is reduced or prevented. Thus is has been postulated that a signal which derives from the plastids controls the expression of these genes in the nucleus. Moreover, extraplastidic enzymes with functions related to intact plastids (such as nitrate reductase and peroxisomal enzymes) are also affected by this treatment, while (photo)morphogenesis and extraplastidic compounds not directly related to plastidic functions seem to be unaffected. Since the damage is restricted exclusively to the plastids and even the outer envelope membrane appears to be unimpaired, photooxidative destruction of carotenoid-free plastids is often used as a tool to investigate nuclear plastid interaction. This review briefly describes the events occurring during photodamage, analyzes the consequences for extraplastidic events, and discusses the implication of a plastidic signal(s) in controlling the expression of nuclear genes which code for plastidic proteins.
Breakthrough Cancer Pain

Breakthrough pain is the relatively new term applied to describe acute episodes of severe pain superimposed upon a background of otherwise well controlled chronic pain. Surveys of patients with cancer who have pain suggest that breakthrough pain is very common, affecting the majority of patients several times a day on average. The cause of breakthrough pain is tumour related in most cases, and is fairly evenly distributed among somatic, visceral, neuropathic and mixed aetiologies. Not unexpectedly, the incidence and prevalence of breakthrough pain increase with advancing disease. About half of all breakthrough pain episodes are attributable to a specific inciting event or activity, and so these types of pains have been categorised as incident pain. Another subcategory of breakthrough pain is end-of-dose failure, caused by pain that ‘breaks through’ around-the-clock medication because of declining blood concentrations of analgesic near the end of the administration interval. The remainder of breakthrough pain episodes, classified as spontaneous pain, are unpredictable in occurrence.
Nonanalog (. pi. /sup -/,. pi. /sup +/) double charge exchange on /sup 18/O

We present measurements of the nonanalog pion double charge exchange reaction, /sup 18/O(..pi../sup -/,..pi../sup +/) /sup 18/ C(g.s.), a transition between a T = 1 state and a T = 3 state, and compare the results to earlier measurements on self-conjugate targets.
Revelation and physicalism

According to experiential revelation, phenomenal concepts reveal the nature of the phenomenal properties they refer to. Some see experiential revelation as posing a direct challenge to physicalism. The basic idea is this: given experiential revelation, were phenomenal properties physical/functional in nature they would be presented as such when you think of them under phenomenal concepts, but phenomenal concepts don’t present their referents in this way. I argue that, while this argument on a plausible reconstruction fails, the thesis of experiential revelation nevertheless indirectly challenges physicalism. In particular, it potentially undermines the so-called phenomenal concept strategy, a key defense maneuver of the physicalist for responding to dualist arguments concerning experience. The moral is that issues concerning revelation do indeed pose a problem for physicalism, but not for the reasons you might think.
Présentation du réacteur Jules Horowitz

L'equipe d'ingenierie integree regroupant une centaine d'Ingenieurs et Techniciens de Technicatome, FramatomeANP et EDF permet de beneficier d'un panel d'expertise necessaire a un projet qui met en oeuvre des techniques tres diverses telles que celles des reacteurs, des moyens experimentaux, des laboratoires, des cellules chaudes et du genie civil. Les annees 2003 a 2005 ont ete consacrees a des etudes dites de definition qui permettent aujourd'hui de presenter une conception coherente et repondant aux performances techniques requises. Le reacteur RJH sera implante sur le centre CEA de Cadarache et beneficiera ainsi des infrastructures de ce centre (laboratoires chauds etc.). La mise en service de l'installation est prevue en 2014.
Design of Lead Telluride Based Thermoelectric Materials through Incorporation of Lead Sulfide Inclusions or Ligand Stripping of Nanosized Building Blocks

Design of thermoelectric materials focuses on the optimization of several unfavorably coupled factors: electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity. Recent work in thermoelectrics has focused on decreasing lattice thermal conductivity by nanostructuring thermoelectric materials, while recent work in photovoltaics has demonstrated ligand stripping as a means to increased electron mobility in thin films of nanoparticles. In the present work, these two features are combined. A multigram scale synthesis of dispersible, lead telluride nanocrystals (25–50 nm) is developed using hot-injection methods in common organic solvents. These nanocrystals (NCs) are ligand stripped with sulfide (PbTe-S) or iodide (PbTe-I) sources to result in p-type or n-type materials with large Seebeck coefficients at room temperature of 520 or −540 μV·K–1, respectively. Sequential stripping with sulfide and then iodide (PbTe-SI) resulted in a small Seebeck due to counter doping. PbTe-S and PbTe-SI are found to...
Probing the Secondary Structure of Membrane Peptides Using 2H-Labeled d10-Leucine via Site-Directed Spin-Labeling and Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation Spectroscopy

Previously, we reported an electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopic approach for probing the local secondary structure of membrane proteins and peptides utilizing (2)H isotopic labeling and site-directed spin-labeling (SDSL). In order to probe the secondary structure of a peptide sequence, an amino acid residue (i) side chain was (2)H-labeled, such as (2)H-labeled d10-Leucine, and a cysteine residue was strategically placed at a subsequent nearby position (denoted as i + 1 to i + 4) to which a nitroxide spin label was attached. In order to fully access and demonstrate the feasibility of this new ESEEM approach with (2)H-labeled d10-Leu, four Leu residues within the AChR M2δ peptide were fully mapped out using this ESEEM method. Unique (2)H-ESEEM patterns were observed with the (2)H-labeled d10-Leu for the AChR M2δ α-helical model peptide. For proteins and peptides with an α-helical secondary structure, deuterium modulation can be clearly observed for i ± 3 and i ± 4 samples, but not for i ± 2 samples. Also, a deuterium peak centered at the (2)H Larmor frequency of each i ± 4 sample always had a significantly higher intensity than the corresponding i + 3 sample. This unique feature can be potentially used to distinguish an α-helix from a π-helix or 310-helix. Moreover, (2)H modulation depth for ESEEM samples on Leu10 were significantly enhanced which was consistent with a kinked or curved structural model of the AChR M2δ peptide as suggested by previous MD simulations and NMR experiments.
DISCUSSION ABOUT THE PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHT PRIVATE RELIEF

As a new basic human right,environmental right has been recognized b y both theory and legislation,which results in the harm to the right and then th e relief to it,generally including two sorts:private relief or public relief. P ublic relief, because of the main status of administration authority, has a comp aratively completed system,but the private relief has a poor system on account o f many factors such as the equality of the body,embodied on the weak laws outcom e. However, enriching and developing private relief and making it practical and specific should become the urgent need of completing environmental right theory.
Crisis communication, learning and responding

As noted by Seeger (2006) the notion of best practices is often use to improve professional practice; to create research and functional recommendations to use in a specific situation. This essay describes best practices in crisis communication specifically through the use of social media. It provides suggestions and approaches for improving the effectiveness of crisis communication and learning with and between organizations, governments and citizens. Seven best practices for effective crisis communication using social media are outlined. Research on social media and crisis communication is synthesized.Results from experiments and applied research are discussed.Best practices for crisis communication are offered.
New Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Hemispheric (SAS-He): hyperspectral design and initial applications

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) derived from hyperspectral measurements can serve as an invaluable input for simultaneous retrievals of particle size distributions and major trace gases. The required hyperspectral measurements are provided by a new ground-based radiometer, the so-called Shortwave Array Spectroradiometer-Hemispheric (SAS-He), recently developed with support from the Department of Energy (DOE) Office Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. The SAS-He has wide spectral coverage (350-1700nm) and high spectral resolution: about 2.4 nm and 6 nm within 350-1000 nm and 970-1700 nm spectral ranges, respectively. To illustrate an initial performance of the SAS-He, we take advantage of integrated dataset collected during the ARM-supported Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) over the US coastal region (Cape Cod, Massachusetts). This dataset includes AODs derived using data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sunphotometer and Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR). We demonstrate that, on average, the SAS-He AODs closely match the MFRSR and AERONET AODs in the ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges for this area with highly variable AOD. Also, we discuss corrections of SAS-He total optical depth for gas absorption in the near-infrared spectral range and their operational implementation
TSXProf: Profiling Hardware Transactions

The availability of commercial hardware transactionalmemory (TM) systems has not yet been met with a rise in the numberof large-scale programs that use memory transactions explicitly. Asignificant impediment to the use of TM is the lack of tool support, specifically profilers that can identify and explain performance anomalies. In this paper, we introduce an end-to-end system that enables lowoverheadperformance profiling of large-scale transactional programs. We present algorithms and an implementation for Intel's Haswellprocessors. With our system, it is possible to record a transactionalprogram's execution with minimal overhead, and then replay it withina custom profiling tool to identify causes of contention and aborts, down to the granularity of individual memory accesses. Evaluationshows that our algorithms have low overhead, and our tools enableprogrammers to effectively explain performance anomalies.
Surface tension models for a multi-material ALE code with AMR

A number of surface tension models have been implemented in a 3D multi-physics multi-material code, ALE–AMR, which combines Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR). ALE–AMR is unique in its ability to model hot radiating plasmas, cold fragmenting solids, and most recently, the deformation of molten material. The surface tension models implemented include a diffuse interface approach with special numerical techniques to remove parasitic flow and a height function approach in conjunction with a volume-fraction interface reconstruction package. These surface tension models are benchmarked with a variety of test problems. Based on the results, the height function approach using volume fractions was chosen to simulate droplet dynamics associated with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography.
ABNORMAL SELECTION BIAS

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses abnormal selection bias. The normal selection-bias adjustment procedure can be sensitive to modest departures from normality. The chapter describes the properties of the normal-adjusted estimators when the disturbance distribution is not bivariate normal. The asymptotic bias of the normal-adjusted estimator, as a function of θ, is the truncation point, which is expressed as a deviation from the true population mean. The chapter discusses some general properties of truncated mean functions. The normal selection-bias adjustment procedure will be quite sensitive to modest departures from normality. Consequently, a more general functional form of the truncated mean functions might be required in practice.
Divide and Conquer: Unit Strips to the Rescue.

The authors teach at Queens College of the City university of New York, Flushing, NY 11367. Curcio has been examining ways to use manipulatives to model the meaning of mathematics concepts in elementary instruction. Sicklick has a special interest in microcomputer applications. Turkei' s special interest is in geometry and art. Despite the years spent learning operations with fractions, many students approach some fraction operations with a bag-of-tricks perspective. This perspective leads many students to the invert-and-multiply rule for dividing fractions. Students who take the bag-of-tricks approach must rely on their memory, which often fails them. However, if meaning and understanding of concepts, nurtured with the use of concrete materials, were the basis for developing fraction operations, students would not have to remember meaningless rules. Conceptual understanding using concrete manipulative materials should precede intensive work on formal algorithms. By the time students reach the division process in their fraction curriculum, they have often spent so much of their allotted time on related topics equivalent fractions, least common denominator, greatest common factor, addition and subtraction of fractions, multiplication of fractions that they tend to rush through this topic to make up time. It's tempting and easy
P036 The use of imputed data for typing HLA by NGS: A pitfall and a solution

Aim Next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays for HLA typing are being rapidly adopted by clinical laboratories due to their ability to result in unambiguous, high-resolution typing in the vast majority of cases. Analysis of the NGS data involves specialized software algorithms to align hundreds of short oligonucleotide reads to the allele sequences managed by the IMGT/HLA. There is significant variability in the sequence length of alleles in the IMGT/HLA database, as an allele can be named by providing sequence from as little as one exon, while many alleles have full-locus sequences. This variability is problematic for the matching algorithms, which compute scores for alignment to the entire locus. To overcome this limitation, software vendors use imputed sequences, filling in the sequences missing from IMGT/HLA with sequence from a variety of sources. Since the imputed sequence may not match the patient alleles, use of imputed data can lead to mistypings. Here we describe our attempt to overcome the limitation of matching to imputed data. Methods NGSengine (GenDx) was used to analyze Illumina sequencing data from HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3/4/5, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, and DPB1 amplicons. Potential mistypings were identified by further analysis of loci for which NGSengine did not report a typing without exonic mismatches. Results 28 samples were identified without typings that matched exonic data. 25 were determined to be novel alleles. 3 samples were mistyped based on mismatches to imputed data in NGSengine. A process was developed to analyze all potential novel alleles by restricting analysis to the peptide binding domains (Exons 2 and 3 for Class I, and 2 for class II). With this method, true novel alleles were successfully discriminated from mistyped alleles. Conclusions Compared to legacy HLA typing assays, NGS assays often sequence larger portions of the HLA loci, with full-locus coverage for many HLA genes. This presents a challenge to the analysis software, which must align patient data to the incomplete IMGT/HLA database. The use of imputed data helps with the computational algorithms, but can introduce its own problems when correctly-typed alleles are excluded due to mismatches to imputed data. The process described here overcomes this limitation, ensuring the correct typing of all HLA alleles present in the IMGT/HLA.
Agent-based simulation of cooperative hunting with UAVs

Swarm intelligent systems are simple but robust, capable of solving complex problems that no single agent could attempt. While technological advancements have driven development of multi-agent systems across disciplines, emergent behavior inherent to swarms is a desirable yet difficult property to exploit. Solutions utilizing swarm behavior have been proposed for the Cooperative Cleaning Problem, which is applicable to UAVs cooperatively searching for evasive targets. This work proposes a new agent behavior capable of partitioning a search area, and when combined with previous swarm solutions, forms an optimization problem of how to best assign swarms to a complex topology. Agent-based simulations are developed to test swarm solutions.
Replies to Wielenberg, Irwin, and Draper

In this symposium on God's Own Ethics, Erik Wielenberg, Kristen Irwin, and Paul Draper raise important criticisms of the arguments of that book. I respond to these criticisms.
Stenosis of gastric sleeve after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: clinical, radiographic and endoscopic findings

Objective:To determine the clinical, radiographic, and endoscopic findings of sleeve stenosis after sleeve gastrectomy and to correlate treatment with outcomes.Methods:We identified 43 patients who underwent barium studies to evaluate upper GI symptoms after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The clinical, radiographic, and endoscopic findings were reviewed and correlated with treatment and outcomes.Results:26 patients (60%) had sleeve stenoses. All stenoses appeared as short segments of smooth, tapered narrowing, with a mean length of 8.0 mm and mean width of 7.5 mm, and 24 (92%) were located in the proximal or distal third of the sleeve. 23 patients (88%) had upstream dilation, and 1 (4%) had retained food proximal to the stenosis. 23 (70%) of 33 patients with obstructive symptoms and 3 (30%) of 10 without obstructive symptoms had sleeve stenoses. Endoscopy revealed sleeve stenosis in 8 (67%) of 12 patients with radiographic stenosis. Endoscopic dilation resulted in improvement/resolution of symptoms in s...
Choosing and Evaluating Digital and Online Media: A Conceptual/Instructional Model:

As expenditures in online advertising and public relations continue to increase, students should be prepared for the opportunities and challenges presented by an increasingly interactive Web 2.0 world. Yet a review of both the pedagogical and research literatures revealed no established framework around which educators or students can readily comprehend the many existing and emerging uses of digital media and the increasingly varied and sophisticated means for evaluating their effectiveness. This article addresses this gap in the literature with a conceptual and instructional model of online and digital media selection and evaluation. The article concludes with recommendations for future conceptual work on the topic of digital media and the assessment of their effectiveness.
Alcohol Consumption and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality in New Mexico and the United States, 1999-2013:

Objective:Current chronic liver disease (CLD) mortality surveillance methods may not adequately capture data on all causes of CLD mortality. The objective of this study was to calculate and compare...
Intestinal obstruction and ileus: Role of computed tomography scan in diagnosis and management

A significant proportion of patients with intestinal obstruction will be evaluated with a CT scan of the abdomen. This study presents a group of 97 patients diagnosed with mechanical obstruction or ileus on CT scan over a 16-month period at a community based teaching hospital and follows the further management of these patients. Our study shows that 43.3 per cent of patients with mechanical obstruction, diagnosed by CT scan, eventually needed surgical treatment. On the other hand, even when CT indicates ileus, 20 per cent of these patients may still require surgical intervention.