cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Increased Enoxaparin Dosing Is Required for Obese Children

Weight-based dosing for enoxaparin is recommended in the 2008 American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis. Enoxaparin 0.5 mg/kg per dose administered subcutaneously every 12 hours is recommended for this indication in children. There is no established upper dosing limit of enoxaparin for prophylaxis in children, and the US Food and Drug Administration-approved enoxaparin dose for adults for VTE prophylaxis is 30 mg subcutaneously every 12 hours or 40 mg subcutaneously daily. Therefore, we assumed that the upper limit for children is 40 mg subcutaneously daily. We reviewed 3 cases of obese adolescent boys who required large doses of enoxaparin to achieve the ACCP-recommended anti-factor Xa range of 0.1 to 0.3 IU/mL for the prevention of VTE. All 3 patients required doses of enoxaparin that are higher than that recommended for adults for VTE prophylaxis: patient A (BMI: 105.9) required >0.28 mg/kg per dose, patient B (BMI: 95.7) required 0.15 mg/kg per dose, and patient C (BMI: 29.9) required 0.49 mg/kg per dose. The desired anti-factor Xa range was achieved when enoxaparin was administered every 12 hours in each patient with no reported episodes of VTE. One patient had minor bruising, but no other adverse events were noted. Because of the variability in dose requirements and unpredictability in patient responses demonstrated in our 3 adolescents, prospective studies are needed to provide definitive recommendations on dosing of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis in this subset of obese pediatric patients.
Time-reversed lasing and control of absorption in a two-channel coherent perfect absorber

We demonstrate a novel mechanism for controlling absorption of coherent light bytwo orders of magnitude. By varying the phase of incident laser light in a two-port geometry, the absorption is greatly enhanced or reduced.
Incentivizing access to family planning in Senegal via the informed push model

Background In Senegal, the absence of a well-functioning family planning (FP) product supply chain has acted as a significant supply-side barrier and contributed to Senegal’s low contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) (12.3% in 2010) and high unmet need for FP among married women (29%). Recurrent FP product stockouts at nearly 80% of public service delivery points (SDPs) continue to hinder the government’s ability to achieve its goal of doubling CPR to 27% by 2015.
Chronic Psoriatic Skin Inflammation Leads to Increased Monocyte Adhesion and Aggregation

Psoriasis patients exhibit an increased risk of death by cardiovascular disease (CVD) and have elevated levels of circulating intermediate (CD14(++)CD16(+)) monocytes. This elevation could represent evidence of monocyte dysfunction in psoriasis patients at risk for CVD, as increases in circulating CD14(++)CD16(+) monocytes are predictive of myocardial infarction and death. An elevation in the CD14(++)CD16(+) cell population has been previously reported in patients with psoriatic disease, which has been confirmed in the cohort of our human psoriasis patients. CD16 expression was induced in CD14(++)CD16(-) classical monocytes following plastic adhesion, which also elicited enhanced β2 but not β1 integrin surface expression, suggesting increased adhesive capacity. Indeed, we found that psoriasis patients have increased monocyte aggregation among circulating PBMCs, which is recapitulated in the KC-Tie2 murine model of psoriasis. Visualization of human monocyte aggregates using imaging cytometry revealed that classical (CD14(++)CD16(-)) monocytes are the predominant cell type participating in these aggregate pairs. Many of these pairs also included CD16(+) monocytes, which could account for apparent elevations of intermediate monocytes. Additionally, intermediate monocytes and monocyte aggregates were the predominant cell type to adhere to TNF-α- and IL-17A-stimulated dermal endothelium. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis demonstrated that monocyte aggregates have a distinct transcriptional profile from singlet monocytes and monocytes following plastic adhesion, suggesting that circulating monocyte responses to aggregation are not fully accounted for by homotypic adhesion, and that further factors influence their functionality.
Gender- and Year-Specific Mortality of Yellow Perch with Evidence of Compensatory Mortality

Abstract Gender- and year-specific survival (S) of yellow perch Perca flavescens, the tag recovery rate (f, i.e., the joint probability of a fish being harvested, the tag being recognized, and the tag being reported, corrected for tag loss and tagging mortality), and natural mortality (v) were estimated using Brownie tag recovery models. These models were constructed from 4 years of tagging and angler tag recovery data to determine whether mortality is additive or compensatory for the high- and low-quality yellow perch fishery types commonly found in eastern South Dakota glacial lakes. Natural mortality comprised the majority of total annual mortality, S was constant among years, and f was female-biased for both study populations. Survival and f did not vary among years for the low-quality population, providing inconclusive evidence of mortality function. However, a constant S coupled with annual changes in f and v (i.e., when harvest mortality increased, natural mortality decreased) suggests that mortali...
Time sub-optimal/sliding mode controller for a flexible structure

This paper describes the combined design of a time-optimal and a sliding mode controller for a single-axis, one-mode model of a flexible slewing structure, where the goal is the real-time implementation of a fast controller. The model of a flexible aluminum link with torque actuation (DC motor) at its hub is considered in modal coordinates, and a previously introduced time-optimal torque law for this system that can be implemented in real time is used. A sliding-mode controller for the DC motor is designed so that the torque generated by the motor converges to the desired time-optimal torque law. Computer simulations are included in this paper to illustrate the design idea.
Ischemic versus nonischemic chest pain in the emergency room: echoes of contrast.

More than six million patients present with chest pain and suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) to emergency departments (EDs) across the U.S. annually ([1,2][1]). These patients require rapid and efficient triage to hospitalization versus discharge to maximize appropriate allocation of resources
I want her to want me: Sexual misperception as a function of heterosexual men's romantic attachment style

Abstract Heterosexual men consistently overperceive women's sexual interest. Past studies have related overperception to individual and situational factors such as alcohol intoxication, but nobody has yet investigated personality factors that may contribute to sexual misperception. The present research takes a first step in that direction by examining the relation between attachment style and sexual misperception. Two studies revealed that men's romantic attachment anxiety and avoidance predicted the extent to which men estimated the sexual interest of a hypothetical woman in a nightclub scenario. Mediation analyses suggest that this is due to both motivated social perception and cognitive bias. Specifically, men's attachment anxiety predicts increased desire for intimacy, which predicts their hope that a woman will be sexually interested; consequently, men imagine themselves as more flirtatious in the scenario, which biases them toward imagining the woman as more flirtatious, too. A similar process occurred for attachment avoidance, but in the opposite direction.
Transport Properties of a MoS2/WSe2 Heterojunction Transistor and Its Potential for Application

This paper studies band-to-band tunneling in the transverse and lateral directions of van der Waals MoS2/WSe2 heterojunctions. We observe room-temperature negative differential resistance (NDR) in a heterojunction diode comprised of few-layer WSe2 stacked on multilayer MoS2. The presence of NDR is attributed to the lateral band-to-band tunneling at the edge of the MoS2/WSe2 heterojunction. The backward tunneling diode shows an average conductance slope of 75 mV/dec with a high curvature coefficient of 62 V(-1). Associated with the tunnel-diode characteristics, a positive-to-negative transconductance in the MoS2/WSe2 heterojunction transistors is observed. The transition is induced by strong interlayer coupling between the films, which results in charge density and energy-band modulation. The sign change in transconductance is particularly useful for multivalued logic (MVL) circuits, and we therefore propose and demonstrate for the first time an MVL-inverter that shows three levels of logic using one pair of p-type transistors.
Achieving highly-enhanced UV photoluminescence and its origin in ZnO nanocrystalline films

Abstract ZnO is an efficient luminescent material in the UV-range ∼3.4 eV with a wide range of applications in optical technologies. Sputtering is a cost-effective and relatively straightforward growth technique for ZnO films; however, most as-grown films are observed to contain intrinsic defects which can significantly diminish the desirable UV-emission. In this research the defect dynamics and optical properties of ZnO sputtered films were studied via post-growth annealing in Ar or O2 ambient, with X-ray diffraction (XRD), imaging, transmission and Urbach analysis, Raman scattering, and photoluminescence (PL). The imaging, XRD, Raman and Urbach analyses indicate significant improvement in crystal morphology and band-edge characteristics upon annealing, which is nearly independent of the annealing environment. The native defects specific to the as-grown films, which were analyzed via PL, are assigned to Zni related centers that luminesce at 2.8 eV. Their presence is attributed to the nature of the sputtering growth technique, which supports Zn-rich growth conditions. After annealing, in either environment the 2.8 eV center diminished accompanied by morphology improvement, and the desirable UV-PL significantly increased. The O2 ambient was found to introduce nominal Oi centers while the Ar ambient was found to be the ideal environment for the enhancement of the UV-light emission: an enhancement of ∼40 times was achieved. The increase in the UV-PL is attributed to the reduction of Zni-related defects, the presence of which in ZnO provides a competing route to the UV emission. Also, the effect of the annealing was to decrease the compressive stress in the films. Finally, the dominant UV-PL at the cold temperature regime is attributed to luminescent centers not associated with the usual excitons of ZnO, but rather to structural defects.
Integrated machine vision and communication system for blind navigation and guidance

This paper investigates methods and procedures to construct an efficient system to assist blinds in their everyday life. In particular, various technologies that can be utilized to build a wearable system are examined. The machine vision and the communication component of the blind navigation and guidance is designed not only to map the surroundings environment but also to determine a safe path to a desired destination. This work highlights the importance and also provides the instructions to blinds for efficient navigation and safe guidance by incorporating local traffic/pedestrian and alarming signs in real-time.
mBody health: Digitizing disabilities in Sierra Leone

Disability and poverty are linked in a vicious cycle in the developing world. With limited access to healthcare resources, the disabled population often lacks necessary diagnosis, treatment, and medication. They experience stigma and neglect within their communities. With severely limited healthcare and education for disabilities, both the disabled population and the community remain unaware of not only prevention and treatment but also of social realities and the mistake of stigmatization. In Sierra Leone, a number of social, private, and public sector entities have embraced the opportunity to offer informal disability screening and education through a mobile application (app) preinstalled on smartphones. The app development team has since identified relevant disabilities; compiled a database of descriptions, causes, symptoms, treatments, and support resources; and designed a screening tool. The initial version of the app was field tested in Sierra Leone in May 2016, including extensive engagement with health workers and community members. This article reviews the strategic case for the app, its initial design, the results of field testing, and current and future trajectories for the venture.
Cell origin, volume and arrangement are drivers of articular cartilage formation, morphogenesis and response to injury in mouse limbs

Limb synovial joints are composed of distinct tissues, but it is unclear which progenitors produce those tissues and how articular cartilage acquires its functional postnatal organization characterized by chondrocyte columns, zone-specific cell volumes and anisotropic matrix. Using novel Gdf5CreERT2 (Gdf5-CE), Prg4-CE and Dkk3-CE mice mated to R26-Confetti or single-color reporters, we found that knee joint progenitors produced small non-migratory progenies and distinct local tissues over prenatal and postnatal time. Stereological imaging and quantification indicated that the columns present in juvenile-adult tibial articular cartilage consisted of non-daughter, partially overlapping lineage cells, likely reflecting cell rearrangement and stacking. Zone-specific increases in cell volume were major drivers of tissue thickening, while cell proliferation or death played minor roles. Second harmonic generation with 2-photon microscopy showed that the collagen matrix went from being isotropic and scattered at young stages to being anisotropic and aligned along the cell stacks in adults. Progenitor tracing at prenatal or juvenile stages showed that joint injury provoked a massive and rapid increase in synovial Prg4+ and CD44+/P75+ cells some of which filling the injury site, while neighboring chondrocytes appeared unresponsive. Our data indicate that local cell populations produce distinct joint tissues and that articular cartilage growth and zonal organization are mainly brought about by cell volume expansion and topographical cell rearrangement. Synovial Prg4+ lineage progenitors are exquisitely responsive to acute injury and may represent pioneers in joint tissue repair.
Loss Analysis of Monocrystalline CdTe Solar Cells With 20% Active-Area Efficiency

We report a monocrystalline CdTe/MgCdTe double-heterostructure solar cell with an a-Si:H hole contact and an ITO/SiO x electrode stack. Similar designs have achieved high open-circuit voltages, but low short-circuit current densities and fill factors have limited the cell efficiencies. We investigate the origin of these losses, and, in addressing some of them, achieve a maximum total-area efficiency of 18.5% and active-area efficiency of 20.3% measured under AM1.5G illumination. Additional cells have been measured with open-circuit voltages of up to 1.11 V, while still maintaining respectable fill factors and no rollover. The lack of rollover, either before or after open circuit, confirms the potential of this approach to reach very high efficiencies. The optical losses within the device are quantified and analyzed across the spectrum to determine if there exists potential for increased current generation through a reduction in parasitic absorption. In addition, fitting the current–voltage characteristic reveals that the leading cause of the less-than-ideal fill factor is series resistance, which contributes a 7% absolute loss.
Update on Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine malignancy. Merkel cell polyomavirus, a tumorigenic DNA virus, is present in most MCC tumors, with implications for tumor biology, diagnosis, and management. Merkel cell polyomavirus-negative tumors have a high burden of UV-signature mutations, similar to melanoma. The histopathologic diagnosis of MCC requires immunohistochemistry to exclude morphologically similar entities. Therapies for advanced disease are currently lacking. Here, the features of MCC are reviewed, including recent molecular discoveries with implications for improved therapy for advanced disease.
Who is a Nuisance? Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinances in Ohio

Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinances (CANOs) are local laws found in thousands of cities throughout the country which penalize property owners if repeated incidents of criminal activity related to their property occur over a set period of time (typically, 12 months). Nearly 50 cities in Ohio have CANOs, including more than 20 in Northeast Ohio. Drawing on extensive public records from a sample of Northeast Ohio cities, this report offers a snapshot of CANOs and how they are being used. • CANOs disproportionately impact renters, people using housing vouchers, and people of color. • Race and class stereotypes surface in public discussions of CANOs, and are sometimes invoked to justify the establishment or enhancement of CANOs • CANOs are frequently applied beyond their scope to target minor, non-criminal behavior • Many cities across Ohio put survivors of domestic violence at heightened risk of eviction by defining domestic violence as a “nuisance activity”; in some cities, more than half of CANO letters are sent in response to domestic violence incidents • If emergency services are sent to a home in response to a call made to a suicide hotline, that property can be deemed a nuisance • Seeking medical assistance for someone experiencing a drug overdose crisis is a common reason that properties are placed on a nuisance list • It is often difficult or even impossible for a property owner or tenant to challenge a mistaken nuisance designation While the findings presented in this report center on Northeast Ohio, residents in the thousands of other cities with CANOs across the country may be experiencing similar impact. We encourage policymakers, researchers, and community stakeholders to use this report to inform deeper conversations on the implications of CANOs, and to expand research on the use and consequences of these laws.
Cyber security via formal methods: A framework for implementing formal methods

This paper demonstrates a methodology for how the organizations that employ complex enterprise systems of systems can significantly improve cyber defense while decreasing overall operating costs by using formal methods. The paper demonstrates an approach that uses an event-based methodology to formalize all types of enterprise behavior, to include system, human, and environmental events.
Range Expansion of Tick Disease Vectors in North America: Implications for Spread of Tick-Borne Disease

Ticks are the major vectors of most disease-causing agents to humans, companion animals and wildlife. Moreover, ticks transmit a greater variety of pathogenic agents than any other blood-feeding arthropod. Ticks have been expanding their geographic ranges in recent decades largely due to climate change. Furthermore, tick populations in many areas of their past and even newly established localities have increased in abundance. These dynamic changes present new and increasing severe public health threats to humans, livestock and companion animals in areas where they were previously unknown or were considered to be of minor importance. Here in this review, the geographic status of four representative tick species are discussed in relation to these public health concerns, namely, the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, the Gulf Coast Tick, Amblyomma maculatum and the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis. Both biotic and abiotic factors that may influence future range expansion and successful colony formation in new habitats are discussed.
Nutrigenetic Contributions to Dyslipidemia: A Focus on Physiologically Relevant Pathways of Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death worldwide, and dyslipidemia is a major predictor of CVD mortality. Elevated lipid concentrations are the result of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Over 150 genetic loci have been associated with blood lipid levels. However, not all variants are present in pathways relevant to the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia. The study of these physiologically relevant variants can provide mechanistic understanding of dyslipidemia and identify potential novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, dietary fatty acids have been evidenced to exert both positive and negative effects on lipid profiles. The metabolism of both dietary and endogenously synthesized lipids can be affected by individual genetic variation to produce elevated lipid concentrations. This review will explore the genetic, dietary, and nutrigenetic contributions to dyslipidemia.
Using an Applied Research-Practice Cycle: Iterative Improvement of Culturally Relevant Engineering Outreach

By recognizing disconnects between practitioner conceptions of engineering outreach with young people (specifically a lack of focus on cultural relevance), and researcher conceptions of a culturally relevant approach to engineering outreach, we set out to bridge theory and practice by iteratively designing and implementing interventions. We engaged in a cycle of research-informed practice and practice-informed research to develop more culturally relevant approaches to broadening participation in engineering. Research-based findings focused on the importance of understanding common misconceptions of engineering that intervention participants and facilitators may possess. Such understanding enables iterative improvement of activities and research instruments that yield meaningful results. Practice-based insights included findings regarding intervention structure such as needs for different facilitator-to-student ratios for different age groups, and providing volunteer facilitators with a list of “helpful hints” to consider and/or open-ended questions to ask.
The suprapharmacologic dosing of antithrombin concentrate for Staphylococcus aureus-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in guinea pigs: substantial reduction in mortality and morbidity.

An animal model of gram-positive septicemia was developed to evaluate the effects of antithrombin (AT) concentrates on morbidity, mortality, and laboratory consequences of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). DIC was induced in guinea pigs by infusing Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolated from blood cultures of patients with DIC (DIC-SA) or without DIC (non-DIC-SA). The non-DIC-SA animals and animals infused with sterile saline served as controls. Varying doses of AT were administered either 30 minutes or 24 hours after infusion of SA. DIC was confirmed within 4 hours by changes in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products, and AT activity. Clinical bleeding was also evident. Mortality of untreated DIC-SA animals was 36% within 24 hours and up to 75% by 72 hours. Intervention with any dose of AT between 125 and 1,000 IU/kg 30 minutes after DIC-SA infusion was associated with 100% survival (P < or = .05 in the 250 IU/kg group) and sustained increases in AT activity and fibrinogen concentrations (P < or = .05). When AT was administered in combination with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or if LMWH was adminstered alone, mortality from DIC-SA was slightly, but not significantly reduced compared with untreated DIC-SA. Gross hemorrhage was observed premortem and at autopsy in all of the DIC-SA animals but in substantially fewer animals that received AT (P < or = .001 in the 250, 500, and 1,000 IU/kg groups). In contrast, groups treated with LMWH, alone or with AT, experienced hemorrhage and appeared to develop pathologic DIC. Fibrin formation in end-organs was detected in all guinea pigs in the untreated DIC-SA group and in the groups treated with 125 IU/kg AT and LMWH alone. AT doses between 250 and 1,000 IU/kg administered 30 minutes after DIC-SA infusion prevented fibrin formation in end-organs (P < or = .001 in the 250 and 1,000 IU/kg groups). AT administered 24 hours after DIC-SA could not reverse pre-existing histopathologic evidence of DIC but favorably affected survival, which reached statistical significance in the 1,000 IU/kg AT group (P < or = .025). In summary, suprapharmacologic doses of AT concentrate significantly decreased morbidity and mortality and ameliorated adverse changes in laboratory measures induced by DIC-SA in this guinea pig model and were not associated with untoward hemorrhagic complications. These findings provide justification for studying the use of AT therapy in patients with DIC-SA.
Patient experience and challenges in group concept mapping for clinical research

Group concept mapping (GCM) is a research method that engages stakeholders in generating, structuring and representing ideas around a specific topic or question. GCM has been used with patients to answer questions related to health and disease but little is known about the patient experience as a participant in the process. This paper explores the patient experience participating in GCM as assessed with direct observation and surveys of participants. This is a secondary analysis performed within a larger study in which 3 GCM iterations were performed to engage patients in identifying patient-important outcomes for diabetes care. Researchers tracked the frequency and type of assistance required by each participant to complete the sorting and rating steps of GCM. In addition, a 17-question patient experience survey was administered over the telephone to the participants after they had completed the GCM process. Survey questions asked about the personal impact of participating in GCM and the ease of various steps of the GCM process. Researchers helped patients 92 times during the 3 GCM iterations, most commonly to address software and computer literacy issues, but also with the sorting phase itself. Of the 52 GCM participants, 40 completed the post-GCM survey. Respondents averaged 56 years of age, were 50% female and had an average hemoglobin A1c of 9.1%. Ninety-two percent (n = 37) of respondents felt that they had contributed something important to this research project and 90% (n = 36) agreed or strongly agreed that their efforts would help others with diabetes. Respondents reported that the brainstorming session was less difficult when compared with sorting and rating of statements. Our results suggest that patients find value in participating in GCM. Patients reported less comfort with the sorting step of GCM when compared with brainstorming, an observation that correlates with our observations from the GCM sessions. Researchers should consider using paper sorting methods and objective measures of sorting quality when using GCM in patient-engaged research to improve the patient experience and concept map quality.
An Examination of Hope, Symptom Severity, and Functioning Among Combat Veterans After Participation in an Intensive Outpatient Program for PTSD

Impairment in psychosocial functioning complicates readjustment to civilian life for many combat veterans with PTSD and is related to poorer quality of life. Hope theory posits that both a sense of agency and the ability to identify pathways toward achieving a goal underlie the process of behavior change. We developed an intensive outpatient program (the HOME program) in order to help combat veterans move toward values-driven activities and improve psychosocial functioning. We hypothesized that increased hope regarding veterans’ ability to manage and recover from PTSD symptoms may facilitate improvements in functioning apart from symptom reduction. The present study examines changes in hope, psychosocial functioning, and PTSD symptoms in a sample of HOME participants (N = 33). Consistent with our hypothesis, results indicated that greater levels of hope were associated with improvements in adaptive behaviors (related to functioning) above and beyond symptom change. These preliminary findings suggest that therapeutic interventions that increase veterans’ perceptions of hope regarding recovery from PTSD may enhance psychosocial functioning. Additional research with larger samples is needed to further examine these relationships.
The Genomics Research and Innovation Network: creating an interoperable, federated, genomics learning system.

Clinicians and researchers must contextualize a patient’s genetic variants against population-based references with detailed phenotyping. We sought to establish globally scalable technology, policy, and procedures for sharing biosamples and associated genomic and phenotypic data on broadly consented cohorts, across sites of care. Three of the nation’s leading children’s hospitals launched the Genomic Research and Innovation Network (GRIN), with federated information technology infrastructure, harmonized biobanking protocols, and material transfer agreements. Pilot studies in epilepsy and short stature were completed to design and test the collaboration model. Harmonized, broadly consented institutional review board (IRB) protocols were approved and used for biobank enrollment, creating ever-expanding, compatible biobanks. An open source federated query infrastructure was established over genotype–phenotype databases at the three hospitals. Investigators securely access the GRIN platform for prep to research queries, receiving aggregate counts of patients with particular phenotypes or genotypes in each biobank. With proper approvals, de-identified data is exported to a shared analytic workspace. Investigators at all sites enthusiastically collaborated on the pilot studies, resulting in multiple publications. Investigators have also begun to successfully utilize the infrastructure for grant applications. The GRIN collaboration establishes the technology, policy, and procedures for a scalable genomic research network.
Changes to the New United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Heart Allocation System Did Not Affect Short Term Post-Transplant Mortality

Purpose On October 18 2018, UNOS implemented changes to its heart allocation policy which prioritized patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and deprioritized patients with dischargeable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). We hypothesized that this change may result in worse post-transplant outcomes, since hearts may be given to sicker patients with a lower probability of overall survival. Methods The UNOS database was queried for all adult heart transplants performed between April 2018 and March 2019. The cohort was split into two equal time periods centered on the October 18 2018 policy change. Patient characteristics and outcomes during these two eras were compared to examine the effect of the new allocation system on short term outcomes. Results There were 1,354 heart transplants performed under the old allocation system and 1,186 transplants under the new allocation system. The use of ECMO (52 (4.4%) vs. 15 (1.1%) p Conclusion The new heart allocation policy has significantly altered the management strategy of patients awaiting transplantation, as more patients are bridged with ECMO and TCS-VADs. However, this has not translated into increased short-term mortality after heart transplant. Further studies are necessary to evaluate if this relationship persists after longer follow up.
Predicting COVID-19 Incidence Using Anosmia and Other COVID-19 Symptomatology: Preliminary Analysis Using Google and Twitter.

ObjectiveTo determine the relative correlations of Twitter and Google Search user trends concerning smell loss with daily coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence in the United States, compare...
Patterns of Daily Physical Activity across the Spectrum of Visual Field Damage in Glaucoma Patients

Purpose To define and quantify patterns of objectively measured daily physical activity by level of visual field (VF) damage in glaucoma patients including: (1) activity fragmentation, a metric of health and physiologic decline, and (2) diurnal patterns of activity, a measure of rest and activity rhythms. Design Prospective cohort study. Participants Older adults diagnosed with glaucoma or suspected glaucoma. Methods Degree of VF damage was defined by the average VF sensitivity within the integrated VF (IVF). Each participant wore a hip accelerometer for 1 week to measure daily minute-by-minute activity for 7 consecutive days. Activity fragmentation was calculated as the reciprocal of the average activity bout duration in minutes, with higher fragmentation indicating more transient, rather than sustained, activity. Multivariate linear regression was used to test for cross-sectional associations between VF damage and activity fragmentation. Multivariate linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the associations between VF damage and accumulation of activity across 6 3-hour intervals from 5 am to 11 pm . Main Outcome Measures Activity fragmentation and amount of activity (steps) over the course of the day. Results Each 5-dB decrement in IVF sensitivity was associated with 16.3 fewer active minutes/day (P am to 2 pm , 2 pm to 5 pm , and 5 pm to 8 pm periods (106.6, 93.1, and 89.2 fewer steps, respectively; P Conclusions At worse levels of VF damage, glaucoma patients demonstrate shorter, more fragmented bouts of physical activity throughout the day and lower activity levels during typical waking hours, reflecting low physiologic functioning. Further work is needed to establish the temporality of this association and whether glaucoma patients with such activity patterns are at a greater risk of adverse health outcomes associated with activity fragmentation.
PEER Hub ImageNet: A Large-Scale Multiattribute Benchmark Data Set of Structural Images

AbstractWith the rapid development of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in computer vision, adopting these learning tools in vision-based structural health monitoring (SHM) and rapid dam...
Evidence in hand: Optimizing the unique skill set of a hospital-based center for nursing research and evidence-based practice.

This paper describes how, as the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, one hospital-based center for nursing research and evidence-based practice capitalized on its unique skill mix to quickly pivot to provide hospital administrators and staff with timely, relevant evidence regarding the care of patients and families, as well as the protection of direct care providers and all support staff. The products produced by this center, both proactive and in direct response, contributed to clinical operations decision-making and thus, tangibly impacted practice. The positive outcomes described speak not only to the clinical environment, but also to the presence and specialized contributions of a multiprofessional center for nursing research and evidence-based practice in such a way that was not possible prior to COVID-19.
Exploring the Use of Wireless Emergency Alerts for Notifications Regarding COVID-19: Initial Lines of Inquiry

AbstractUS and international officials have sought ways to effectively use mobile technology to communicate health information to help thwart the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This...
Reaching "hard to reach" workers: Evaluating approaches to disseminate worker safety information via the Mexican consular network.

Mexican immigrants suffer a disproportionately large number of work-related injuries and deaths given their share of the workforce. Barriers of language, culture, and mistrust are often cited as fa...
A New Direction Relay Algorithm of Three-Phase Short-Circuit for The DFIG-Based Wind Farm Outgoing Transmission Line

The transient characteristics of the DFIG-based wind farm transmission line with a capacity of low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) is analyzed in the paper. When a three-phase short-circuit occurs at the DFIG-based wind farm outgoing transmission line, the conventional direction element based on power frequency algorithm can trip correctly if the fault current through the distance relay is provided by the power system, otherwise, it will not be able to get accurate and stable judgments about the fault direction if the fault current through the distance relay is provided by DFIG. A new direction relay algorithm for the DFIG-based wind farm outgoing transmission line is proposed. The fault direction can be judged according to the fluctuation range of the phase calculated by the traditional phase-to-phase distance relay using positive sequence polarizing voltage within a certain time after a failure. The simulation results show that the new direction relay at both sides can both provide accurate fault directions no matter what position the three-phase fault occurs on the outgoing transmission line.
Assessment of Acquisition Methods for a Juvenile Literature Collection at a Research University

This study assesses the content and usage of juvenile materials acquired via three acquisition methods by a research-intensive university library. The primary method of acquiring juvenile materials...
Communication Disorders Secondary to Clefts and Other Craniofacial Malformations

Craniofacial malformations, including clefts of the lip and palate, result in anomalies of the outside of the face and head. These “outside anomalies” primarily affect aesthetics. However, outside anomalies are often associated with “inside anomalies.” Inside anomalies typically affect function. Functional areas that are commonly impacted by craniofacial malformations include speech, resonance, voice, hearing, language, cognition, feeding, and swallowing. Because all of these functional areas are treated by speech-language pathologists (SLPs), it can be argued that SLPs should be good dysmorphologists. By recognizing craniofacial malformations that have the potential to affect function, SLPs can be proactive in ensuring that the child receives necessary treatment.
Tunable High Quality-Factor Silicon Microring Resonator Driven by High-Mobility Transparent Conductive Oxide

We demonstrated a silicon microring resonator driven by a titanium-doped indium oxide capacitor with 10 nm hafnium oxide insulator, achieving a high quality-factor of 11,700 with a high electro-optic tunability of 120 pm/V.
Field Effects in Experimental Bilayer Lipid Membranes and Biomembranes

Interfaces are heterogeneous and as such they are usually electrified as a result of charge transfer, separation and/or redox reactions. In these aspects biomembranes are unique; they possess two interconnecting interfaces through which energy transfer and material exchange such as electronic charges and ions are possible. Further, owing to the chemical nature of lipids, biomembranes are generally negatively charged at physiological pH. These negative charges generate an electrostatic potential at the membrane-solution interface, which results in an electrical double layer at each side of the membrane. Therefore, the Guoy-Chapman theory of the diffuse double layer is frequently invoked to characterize the BLM system (Tien, 1974; Blank, 1986). Clearly, any disturbance of these electrical double layers such as ion concentration changes including H+, or absorption of electromagnetic radiation by the membrane, would reflect in a change in the potential difference across the system. This potential difference across the membrane may be transient or steady. Also, owing to their ultrathinness (<100 A), very large field strengths in excess of 100,000 volt/cm can be developed across biomembranes under a small electrical potential differrence. Since biomembranes are complex, they are not amenable to simple analysis. Therefore, one approach is to obtain relevant observations on a sufficiently well-defined reconstituted membrane system. The interpretation of experimental results thus obtained would be much less ambiguous. It is along these lines of reasoning that we wish to discuss the effect of electric field in experimental bilayer lipid membranes (BLM and Liposomes) in relation to biomembranes.
A generalization of Bourgain’s circular maximal theorem

where dσr is the normalized surface measure on r S1. It is easy to see that M is not bounded on L2 (see Example 1.1 below). A well-known result of Bourgain [1] asserts that M is bounded on Lp for 2 < p ≤ ∞. We will consider the question of boundedness of M and Mδ from Lp to Lq. Unless stated to the contrary, we will be dealing only with functions defined on R2. Absolute constants will be denoted by C, and the notation ￿ will mean = up to a constant.
Two Turntables and a Mobile Phone.

A novel method of digital scratching is presented as an alternative to currently available digital hardware interfaces and time-coded vinyl (TCV). Similar to TCV, the proposed method leverages existing analog turntables as a physical interface to manipulate the playback of digital audio. To do so, however, an accelerometer/gyroscope{equipped smart phone is rmly attached to a modied record, placed on a turntable, and used to sense a performers movement, resulting in a wireless sensing-based scratching method. The accelerometer and gyroscope data is wirelessly transmitted to a computer to manipulate the digital audio playback in real-time. The method provides the benet of digital audio and storage, requires minimal additional hardware, accommodates familiar proprioceptive feedback, and allows a single interface to control both digital and analog audio. In addition, the proposed method provides numerous additional benets including real-time graphical display, multi-touch interaction, and untethered performance (e.g \air-scratching"). Such a method turns a vinyl record into an interactive surface and enhances traditional scratching performance by aording new and creative musical interactions. Informal testing show this approach to be viable, responsive, and robust.
Large Deviations of Empirical Processes

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the large deviations of empirical processes and of Banach space valued random vectors. We also consider the large deviations of partial sums processes. The main tool used is an isoperimetric inequality for empirical processes due to Talagrand.
Fast Incremental Indexing for Full-Text Information Retrieval

Full-text information retrieval systems have traditionally been designed for archival environments. They often provide little or no support for adding new documents to an existing document collection, requiring instead that the entire collection be re-indexed. Modern applications, such as information filtering, operate in dynamic environments that require frequent additions to document collections. We provide this ability using a traditional inverted file index built on top of a persistent object store. The data management facilities of the persistent object store are used to produce efficient incremental update of the inverted lists. We describe our system and present experimental results showing superior incremental indexing and competitive query processing performance.
Metadata++: A Scalable Hierarchical Framework for Digital Libraries

Metadata++ is a digital library system that we are developing to serve the needs of the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management, and the United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service to support natural resource managers, scientists and publics as they analyze issues and make decisions. The system provides access to institutional knowledge consisting of formal and informal agency reports and documents – including Environmental Assessments, Decision Notices, Appeal Decisions, specialist reports, and so forth. Metadata++ uses a set of hierarchically structured controlled vocabularies – with synonyms and associations – as the primary organizational framework. Users browse the hierarchy to select search terms and see the search results directly in the context of the hierarchy. In order to be useful as a digital library infrastructure, this hierarchy must be implemented in an efficient and scalable manner. This paper introduces the Metadata++ system and evaluates the performance of four different approaches to managing the hierarchy. We present a novel approach that uses a common file system with an associated indexing engine to store terms as directories (with narrower terms as subdirectories) and show how we achieve both scalability and efficiency.
PSYCHOSOMATIC FACTORS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE PARENTS OF THE COLICKY INFANT

Whatever the etiology of colic in infancy, and multiple causes seem most likely, there is little doubt that emotional factors enter the picture. Whether these constitute one of the causes of colic on only intensify it, is at present impossible to determine. Some investigators have found the colicky infant to be hypertonic, tense, fussy, unhappy even before the onset of specific symptoms. McGee in 1943 suggested that fetal hiccoughs were common in babies who later developed colic. Spock has emphasized that fatigue of the infant in late afternoon may be a factor, and Gesell has pointed out that there is heightened tension and increased irritability in infants, starting at about 4 weeks of age and continuing to 2 on 3 months, as evidence by increased appetite, more frequent crying, and greaten difficulty in getting to sleep. Wessel and others have found family tensions greater and more frequent where there are colicky babies than where the infants are contented. The mother of the infant with colic has been described as tense, anxious, uncertain, inconsistent in her handling of the baby and often rejecting him. The psychiatrist9s explanation of the reasons for this personality includes early rejection of the baby, rivalry with infant on husband, conflicts about accepting the feminine or maternal role and her dependency needs. A simpler explanation would seem to be that as it is the mother who first responds to the infant9s needs, she feels frustrated and concerned if she is unable to satisfy them. Feeding is the focus of the first emotional relationship between the mother and child, and if this does not go well, the mother may become very upset.
Asian family interaction patterns and their therapeutic implications.

Asian families are often observed as being different from their Western counterparts in structure and in patterns of interactions. Thus, it is necessary for mental health professionals who care for patients and their families to be aware of such differences and their assessments and therapeutic implications, so that a culturally relevant diagnosis may be made and appropriate treatments be given.
Delayed repair of obstructing ventral hernias is associated with higher mortality and morbidity.

Abstract Background Patients presenting with ventral hernia-related obstruction are commonly managed with emergent ventral hernia repair (VHR). Selected patients with resolution of obstruction may be managed in a delayed manner. This study sought to assess the effect of delay on VHR outcomes. Methods The American College of Surgeons’ National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2005 to 2011 was queried using diagnosis codes for ventral hernia with obstruction. Those who underwent repair over 24 hours after admission were classified as delayed repair. Preoperative comorbid conditions, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) scores, and 30-day outcomes were evaluated. Results We identified 16,881 patients with a mean age of 58 ± 15 years and body mass index of 36 ± 10. Delayed repair occurred in 27.7% of the patients. After controlling for comorbidities and ASA score, delayed VHR was independently associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41 to 2.48, P P P = .016), and concurrent bowel resection (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.34, P = .016). Conclusions VHR for obstructed patients is frequently performed over 24 hours after admission. After adjusting for comorbid conditions and ASA score, delayed VHR is independently associated with worse outcomes. Prompt repair after appropriate resuscitation should be the management of choice.