cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in neural progenitors.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors are important in nervous system development. Reliable in vitro human model systems are needed to further define specific roles for S1P signaling in neural development. We have described S1P-regulated signaling, survival, and differentiation in a human embryonic stem cell-derived neuroepithelial progenitor cell line (hNP1) that expresses functional S1P receptors. These cells can be further differentiated to a neuronal cell type and therefore represent a good model system to study the role of S1P signaling in human neural development. The following sections describe in detail the culture and differentiation of hNP1 cells and two assays to measure S1P signaling in these cells.
Continuous Origin and Destination Traffic Surveys

Trip origin and destination data necessary for realistic highway location and design; system of collecting information on continuing basis using permanent trained interviewing staff and more exact statistical methods already adopted in continuous traffic counting programs.
Comprehensive Review of the Limitations of Relative Value Unit Measurements of Productivity in Academic Departments

Measuring radiologist, especially sonologist, productivity has never been of greater interest than now, as radiology has moved from its historical status as a cost center to the largest revenue generator in most institutions. With more local institutional and federal oversight and regulation into the reimbursement and valuation of imaging procedures, including emphasis on outsourcing, overvalued procedures, and bundling, the ability to measure productivity and to draw meaningful conclusions from the data becomes increasingly imperative if we as radiologists and sonologists expect to contribute meaningfully to the process. This article presents a history of the "relative value unit" and discusses the valuation of radiologist/sonologist productivity in this era of ubiquitous high-technology implementation.
American Missionaries and the Harem: Cultural Exchanges behind the Scenes

This article examines the impact on American furniture and clothing styles by women missionaries traveling to Turkey in the Victorian era. Although there has been much discussion of the impact of Western missionaries on Turkey and other parts of Asia, the reciprocal impact on American culture has not been adequately assessed. Missionary work, which started in the 1820s in a modest manner, turned into a systematic and large-scale activity, reaching its climax during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Unlike Western diplomats, whose visits took place in the palaces of Istanbul, far from the realities of everyday life, missionary women had informal contact with ordinary Turkish women. Ottoman Turkish domestic space was highly gendered, so only these missionary women would have had access to authentic Ottoman Turkish interiors and been able to observe them as social spaces. The furniture style and the unique concept of comfort that they observed in Turkey presented an alternative point of view of home life and its organization. After spending years abroad, these women would return to the US to recruit and raise money for their missions by traveling from community to community, often creating interest for their work abroad by presenting examples of material culture. This article will put letters, diaries, travelogues and other contemporary material in the context of American culture of the Victorian era in order to chart the unusual way in which American and Turkish women interacted with each other at this historical moment.
Germination of Saccharum ravennae (L.) L. (Poaceae) Caryopses and Intact Spikelets

Ravennagrass, Saccharum ravennae (L.) L. (synonym: Erianthus ravennae (Linn.) P. Beauv.), is a robust perennial bunchgrass grown as an ornamental in the US, but, where adapted, has become naturalized in riparian areas. Little is known about the seed size distribution and germination characteristics of ravennagrass caryopses or intact spikelets. The objectives of this study were to determine, for two populations: (i) the caryopsis size distribution, (ii) the germination of sized caryopses, (iii) the length of seedling shoots and roots from caryopses of different sizes, (iv) the germination of unsized caryopses (UC) and intact spikelets (IS), and (v) the length of seedling shoots and roots from UC and IS. Although seed production of ravennagrass is relatively low, under favorable conditions, ravennagrass can produce more than 10,000 caryopses per panicle. Caryopses germinated well within 14 d and averaged >80% germination; however, caryopses germinated >90% if their mass was >0.3 mg. Intact spikelets were slower to germinate in 14 d and had a lower percentage of abnormally germinated seed compared with caryopses. Intact spikelets also had a significantly higher percentage of firm seeds compared with caryopses and the total potential germination of IS was greater than caryopses exceeding 90%. Understanding the germination characteristics of ravennagrass will aid in the development of seeding rates and the processing of seeds for agronomic uses.
A Framework for Evaluating Implementation of Community College Workforce Education Partnerships and Programs

ABSTRACTGreater investments in community college workforce education are fostering large-scale partnerships between employers and educators. However, the evaluation work in this area has focused on outcome and productivity metrics, rather than addressing measures of implementation quality, which is critical to scaling any innovation. To deepen understanding of the field, sound metrics need to be assembled of the processes involved in workforce education (e.g., partnering with employers, designing and delivering instruction). This article addresses that gap with the Workforce Education Implementation Evaluation (WEIE) framework. Relying on five case studies of employer-community college collaborations, and drawing on labor-market analysis methods, partnership capital and regional ecosystem theory, and the learning sciences, the WEIE framework provides tools to characterize implementation quality. To illustrate how it works, we have applied the framework to two contrasting cases that represent the predomina...
Cross-sectional investigation of knowledge-attitude-behavior model into breastmilk storage in Nanjing

Objective To investigate the current situation of Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior Model(KAB)of women in breastfeeding period on preserving breastmilk in Nanjing city. Methods A total of 210 women with breastmilk were randomly recruited in child health care clinic of Jiangsu Province Hospital during the period of April,2013-May,2013,and collected their general information,their present state of KAB on preserving breastmilk. Results 80.49% subjects obtained some knowledge relative to preserving breastmilk from the internet and hospitals.62.27% subjects considered 24 hours as the acceptable longest cold storage time.44.85% subjects considered 1month as the acceptable longest freeze storage time.47.8% subjects experienced breastmilk preservation,of which 54.17% didn't reuse the stored breastmilk,because of worrying the reduced nutrients,contamination and nauseous taste.The educated degrees and feeding patterns of subjects were significantly correlated with the KAB on the breastmilk preservation. Conclusions Breastmilk is generally stored by ways of cold and freeze model,and the reuse rate of them is quite low.For elevating the rate,more effective knowledge propagation on breastmilk preservation to vast pregnant and delivery women are necessary.
Perfusion of rabbit colon with ricinoleic acid: dose-related mucosal injury, fluid secretion, and increased permeability.

Morphology of the rabbit colon was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy after perfuson of the organ with 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mM sodium ricinoleate. Colons perfused with control buffer showed the expected normal appearances, whereas ricinoleate produced desquamation of surface epithelial cells. Surface changes in the colon were comparable with those reported after similar treatment of the rabbit ileum. Concomitant with these histological changes was loss of DNA into the lumen of the colon. Dose-related changes in net fluid transport and mucosal permeability (as assessed by lumen to plasma flux of low molecular weight polyethylene glycols and plasma to lumen flux of urea and creatinine) were also associated with ricinoleate perfusion. These structural and functional alterations may contribute to intraluminal accumulation of fluid and catharsis that can result from administration of ricinoleic acid (castor oil). The findings might also pertain to the pathophysiology of steatorrheal diseases, because dietary fatty acids of similar chemical structure are known to have comparable effects on the intestinal mucosa.
TU-H-BRC-07: Therapeutic Benefit in Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy (GRID) Using Helical Tomotherapy

Purpose: The aim of this project is to study the therapeutic ratio (TR) for helical Tomotherapy (HT) based spatially fractionated radiotherapy (GRID). Estimation of TR was based on the linear-quadratic cell survival model by comparing the normal cell survival in a HT GRID to that of a uniform dose delivery in an open-field for the same tumor survival. Methods: HT GRID plan was generated using a patient specific virtual GRID block pattern of non-divergent, cylinder shaped holes using MLCs. TR was defined as the ratio of normal tissue surviving fraction (SF) under HT GRID irradiation to an open field irradiation with an equivalent dose that result in the same tumor cell SF. The ratio was estimated from DVH data on ten patient plans with deep seated, bulky tumor approved by the treating radiation oncologist. Dependence of the TR values on radio-sensitivity of the tumor cells and prescription dose were also analyzed. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of TR was 4.0±0.7 (range: 3.1 to 5.5) for the 10 patients with single fraction dose of 20 Gy and tumor cell SF of 0.5 at 2 Gy. In addition, mean±SD of TR = 1±0.1 and 18.0±5.1 were found for tumor with SF of 0.3 and 0.7, respectively. Reducing the prescription dose to 15 and 10 Gy lowered the TR to 2.0±0.2 and 1.2±0.04 for a tumor cell SF of 0.5 at 2 Gy. In this study, the SF of normal cells was assumed to be 0.5 at 2 Gy. Conclusion: HT GRID displayed a significant therapeutic advantage over uniform dose from an open field irradiation. TR increases with the radioresistance of the tumor cells and with prescription dose.
A Promising Partnership: Uncovering the Middle Ground Between Social Innovation and Social Work: Response to Dr. Marilyn L. Flynn’s Remarks

This response article discusses opportunities to bridge social work and social innovation as a promising partnership to address the issues impacting vulnerable populations across the global context...
THE HEALTH CARE STATE ADMINISTRATION AND THE SINGULARITY PROBLEMS

The questions of doctors supply dynamics of t h e Ukraine population in t h e light of t h e a dministrative paradigm realization that is capable a d e quately and in - time interpret information from regions are considered. Parallels are conducted with t h e signs of informative singularity.
Cyprus: in search of an exit from ambiguity

AbstractThis paper underlines the relevance of ambiguity theory to understand the persistence of frames of agents and their audience with regard to ‘self,’ ‘other’ and the ‘land’ in a protracted conflict such as Cyprus. It examines the case study of Cyprus from the signing of the Agreements on Cyprus (1959), through the Turkish intervention (1974) and until the Akinci election (2015). The paper shows how peace agreements may impose ways of looking that endure the ups and downs of social adaptation after the signing of peace agreements. These frames go on to constitute archetypes against which other frames are ordered or evaluated. Moreover, the paper shows that despite worthy suggestions to create cross-cutting linkages among the Greek and the Turkish Cypriot communities, coexistence necessitates understanding how groups are likely to frame the available options and respond to ambiguity.
Systematic Approach for Capturing Inter-phase Failure Combinations in an Integrated, Multiphase Linked Fault Tree Model of the Space Shuttle

This paper will provide simplified examples of the problem associated with modelling across multiple phases. It will suggest and compare various approaches to handle some of the problems associated with modelling across multiple phases. The pros and cons of these methods will be considered and a detailed discussion of the method chosen for the Space Shuttle PRA will be presented in this paper. The rules and procedures developed for modelling the phase-specific interactions as well as the advantages of using this method from the project management perspective are also given in this paper.
A Top-Down Pricing Algorithm for IT Service Contracts Using Lower Level Service Data

Information technology (IT) service providers competing for high valued contracts need to produce a compelling proposal with competitive price. The traditional approach to pricing IT service deals, which builds up the bottom-up costs from the hierarchy of services, is often time consuming, resource intensive, and only available late as it requires granular information of a solution. Recent work on top-down pricing approach enables efficient and early estimates of cost and prices using high level services to overcome and complement these problems. In this paper, we describe an extended pricing method for top-down pricing using the secondary service level. The method makes use of data lower level services to calculate improved estimates, yet still requires minimal input. We compare the previous and new approaches based on industrial data on historical and market deals, and demonstrate that the new approach can generate more accurate estimates. In addition, we also show that mining historical data would yield more accurate estimation than using market data for services, experimental results are in consistent with our findings in previous work.
Decentralizing constrained-efficient allocations in the Lagos–Wright pure currency economy

Abstract This paper offers two ways to decentralize the constrained-efficient allocation of the Lagos–Wright (2005) pure currency economy. The first way has divisible money, take-it-or-leave-it offers by buyers, and a transfer scheme financed by money creation. If agents are sufficiently patient, the first best is achieved for finite money growth rates. If agents are impatient, the equilibrium allocation approaches the constrained-efficient allocation asymptotically as the money growth rate tends to infinity. The second way has indivisible money, take-it-or-leave-it offers by buyers, and no government intervention. We discuss the strict implementation of constrained-efficient allocations and the applicability of our scheme to economies with Lucas trees, endogenous participation, match-specific heterogeneity, and sequential competitive markets.
Variations on a Precision Medicine Theme: One Size Fits Some.

Precision medicine, or personalized medicine, refers to the tailoring of therapy to the individual characteristics of patients. It can be applicable to patients with advanced disease and to preventative interventions as well. The impetus for this approach came from sequencing of the human genome and the anticipation that an individual’s sequence would inform treatment, aided perhaps by Big Data algorithms. In heart failure, advances in omics have occurred alongside other disciplines but from a practical standpoint, our ability to provide precision medicine remains more or less in the neutral position. In this article, we maintain that despite significant limitations on our ability to use genotyping or Big Data to impact real-world heart failure care in real time, we are in fact practicing a significant degree of precision medicine and can continue to do more of the same with relatively modest changes in approach to practice. The advent of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and β-blockers impacted heart failure therapeutics1,2 in a truly revolutionary way. They are recommended across all New York Heart Association classes for the management of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF).3 Although β-blockers have not been critically examined in patients with class I symptoms, we accept the notion that for these 2 classes of drugs, one size truly does fit all. We argue about dose, not whether we should use the drugs.4,5 We can also debate the duration of treatment in patients who have normalized their EF and the likelihood of recurrence of heart failure if those medications are stopped. Fundamentally, the importance of blockade of the renin–angiotensin system and adrenergic stimulation are fully accepted concepts that apply in young and old, symptomatic and asymptomatic, borderline low and very low EF, left ventricular failure and biventricular failure, in the …
Shine: the visual economy of light in African diasporic aesthetic practice by Krista A. Thompson

It makes sense, to a sociologist, that photographic and video technologies are social tools. Krista Thompson meditates on this fact in Shine: The Visual Economy of Light in African Diasporic Aesthe...
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli hemolytic uremic syndrome.

The hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI). The major cause of HUS in childhood (>90%) is infection with verocytotoxin (Shiga-like toxin – “Stx”)-producing bacteria, usually enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (VTEC/STEC). The infection may be transmitted by the consumption of undercooked meat, pasteurized dairy products, contaminated vegetables, fruits and water, or by contact with STEC diarrhea. After an incubation period of three to eight days, patients commonly develop bloody diarrhea followed in 5–22% by HUS that may be complicated by central nervous system, pancreatic, skeletal, and myocardial involvement. HUS is one of the main causes of AKI in children in Europe. The management of HUS includes the usual treatment of children with AKI. Transfusion with packed red blood cells is needed in case of a severe anemia, while platelet transfusions are limited to the need for a surgical procedure or in active bleeding. Currently, there is no consensus on the use of antibiotic therapy. Treatment with plasma and/or plasma exchange has not been proven beneficial in STEC-HUS. Eculizumab has been used for the treatment of STEC-HUS, but the value of this treatment remains to be determined. The mortality of HUS is reported to be 3–5%. About 12% of patients will progress to end-stage renal failure within four years and about 25% will have long-term complications, including hypertension, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Transplantation can be performed without increased risk for the recurrence of the disease.
Antenna beamwidth effect in detecting microwave enhanced backscatter in a layer of vegetation

The importance of antenna beam width in detecting enhanced backscatter in a layer of vegetation is studied. First, the vegetation is modeled as a layer of random media over a flat dielectric half space. The random media consists of thin dielectric discs and cylinders. The polarimetric bistatic scattering coefficients are calculated using the Distorted Born Approximation (DBA) taking into account scattering mechanisms such as direct scatter, direct-reflected scatter, and double ground reflected scatter. The polarimetric bistatic scattering coefficients can have an enhancement factor that is positive for like-polarized returns or can be negative for cross polarized returns at and around the backscatter angle for the direct-reflected scattering component. Depending on model parameters, the magnitude and the angular width of the scattering coefficients can vary. In order to maximize received power due to the enhancement factor at backscatter, an antenna with a narrow beam width with respect to the angular width of the scattering coefficients for the layer is required. Conversely, an antenna beam width that is on the order of the angular width, will receive a fraction of the enhancement backscattered power, and this can cause inaccuracies in problems such as soil moisture retrieval through a vegetation canopy.
Characterization of an alignment procedure using an air bearing and off-the-shelf optics

We characterize the precision of five approaches used to align a series of targets over a distance of two meters. For many applications, an alignment telescope provides the necessary precision for positioning targets. However, for systems with tight tolerances, we must have a measure of the uncertainties in the alignment telescope to determine if it can truly meet the system requirements. We develop a procedure to measure the precision of each alignment approach and compare their performances. We use a telescope constructed from off-the-shelf optics and mechanics to determine if we can obtain alignment precision comparable to an alignment telescope of superior optical quality.
Comparison of Output Volume Thresholds for Drain Removal After Selective Lateral Neck Dissection: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance Limited evidence is available to guide drain removal after selective lateral neck dissection (SLND). Patients may have drains left in longer than necessary, leading to patient discomfort, longer hospitalizations, and increased costs. Objective To compare 2 output volume thresholds for drain removal after SLND. Design, Setting, and Participants This single-blind randomized clinical trial included a consecutive sample of all adult patients undergoing unilateral or bilateral SLND of levels I to III, I to IV, II to III, or II to IV from March 1, 2015, to December 1, 2016, at a tertiary academic medical center. Eligible patients had at least 30 days of follow-up. Patients undergoing a parotidectomy, a level V lymphadenectomy, or an SLND that communicated with the upper aerodigestive tract or who had a suspected chylous fistula on the first postoperative day were excluded from enrollment. Sixty-five patients were offered enrollment and 12 refused. Fifty-three patients who underwent 67 SLNDs were included in the final analysis, with no patients lost to follow-up. Analysis was based on intention to treat. Interventions On the first postoperative day, patients were randomized to either a drain removal threshold of less than 30 mL or less than 100 mL during a 24-hour period. Main Outcomes and Measures Duration of drain use, hospital length of stay, and wound complications for both groups. Results Among the 53 patients with 67 SLNDs included in the analysis (45 men [85%] and 8 women [15%]; mean age, 58.5 years [95% CI, 53.2-64.5 years]), 32 SLNDs were randomized to the 100-mL group and 35 were randomized to the 30-mL group. No meaningful differences in preoperative characteristics were noted between groups. Two seromas occurred in the 100-mL group (2 of 32 [6.3%; 95% CI, 0%-13.5%]) and in the 30-mL group (2 of 35 [5.7%; 95% CI, 0%-14.6%]). No hematomas, chylous fistulas, or wound infections occurred. The 100-mL group had a 1.87-day reduction in mean hospital length of stay (95% CI, 0.66-3.10 days). Conclusions and Relevance A volume threshold for drain removal of 100 mL during a 24-hour period after SLNDs appears to be safe and may significantly reduce duration of drain use and hospital length of stay. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT03113526
Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy safer than laparoscopic gastric bypass? a comparison of 30-day complications using the MBSAQIP data registry.

Abstract Background Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become popular due to its technical ease and excellent short-term results. Understanding the risk profile of LSG compared with the gold standard laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is critical for patient selection. Objectives To use traditional regression techniques and random forest classification algorithms to compare LSG with LRYGB using the 2015 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Data Registry. Setting United States. Methods Outcomes were leak, morbidity, and mortality within 30 days. Variable importance was assessed using random forest algorithms. Multivariate models were created in a training set and evaluated on the testing set with receiver operating characteristic curves. The adjusted odds of each outcome were compared. Results Of 134,142 patients, 93,062 (69%) underwent LSG and 41,080 (31%) underwent LRYGB. One hundred seventy-eight deaths occurred in 96 (.1%) of LSG patients compared with 82 (.2%) of LRYGB patients (P Conclusion In the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvements data registry for 2015, LSG had half the risk-adjusted odds of death, serious morbidity, and leak in the first 30 days compared with LRYGB.
DNA Methylation-a Potential Source of Mitochondria DNA Base Mismatch in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy.

In the development of diabetic retinopathy, retinal mitochondria are dysfunctional, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is damaged with increased base mismatches and hypermethylated cytosines. DNA methylation is also a potential source of mutation, and in diabetes, the noncoding region, the displacement loop (D-loop), experiences more methylation and base mismatches than other regions of the mtDNA. Our aim was to investigate a possible crosstalk between mtDNA methylation and base mismatches in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The effect of inhibition of Dnmts (by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine or Dnmt1-siRNA) on glucose-induced mtDNA base mismatches was investigated in human retinal endothelial cells by surveyor endonuclease digestion and validated by Sanger sequencing. The role of deamination factors on increased base mismatches was determined in the cells genetically modulated for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Sod2) or cytidine-deaminase (APOBEC3A). The results were confirmed in an in vivo model using retinal microvasculature from diabetic mice overexpressing Sod2. Inhibition of DNA methylation, or regulation of cytosine deamination, significantly inhibited an increase in base mismatches at the D-loop and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction. Overexpression of Sod2 in mice also prevented diabetes-induced D-loop hypermethylation and increase in base mismatches. The crosstalk between DNA methylation and base mismatches continued even after termination of hyperglycemia, suggesting its role in the metabolic memory phenomenon associated with the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Inhibition of DNA methylation limits the availability of methylated cytosine for deamination, suggesting a crosstalk between DNA methylation and base mismatches. Thus, regulation of DNA methylation, or its deamination, should impede the development of diabetic retinopathy by preventing formation of base mismatches and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Temporally weighting a time varying noise field to improve Green function retrieval

The authors consider the retrieval of Green functions G from the correlations of non-stationary non-fully diffuse noise incident on an array of sensors. Multiple schemes are proposed for optimizing the time-varying weights with which correlations may be stacked. Using noise records created by direct numerical simulation of waves in a two-dimensional multiply scattering medium, cases are shown in which conventional stacking does a poor job and for which the proposed schemes substantially improve the recovered G, rendering it more causal and/or more symmetric, and more similar to the actual G. It is found that the schemes choose weights such that the effective incident intensity distribution is closer to isotropic.
Estrogen Regulation of Uterine Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Nuclear Proto-Oncogenes

The effects of the ovarian steroids on growth of the reproductive tract have been recognized for many years. Receptors for estrogen and progesterone are present in such tissues as the uterus, and it seems clear that these sex steroids stimulate a variety of responses, including growth.
Battered Child Syndrome/Non-accidental Trauma

This chapter presents a review of the battered child syndrome/non-accidental trauma. Emphasis will be on how to evaluate the various injuries with the given history and to know which injuries/fractures are highly suspicious.
Cross-Sector Partnerships for Early Education and Care

This chapter describes an initiative that leveraged government policy to build an organization whose work transcends the boundaries of sector and geography. The Northeast (Massachusetts) Regional Readiness Center is a cross-professional structure that brings together stakeholders from several sectors for the purpose of improving communication, creating partnerships, and collaborating to provide professional development that targets the needs of young children in the region and those who educate and provide them with care.
Post-Transcriptional Control of IS10 Transposase Expression: Antisense RNA Binding and Other Conformational Changes Affecting Messenger RNA Stability and Translation

Insertion sequence IS10 (Fig. 1) encodes a transposase function (tnp) that is rate-limiting for transposition (Morisato et al., 1983). Transposase expression is controlled at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The tnp promoter is among the weakest of well-characterized promoters (Simons et al., 1983; Case et al., 1988) and its activity is inhibited by DNA-adenine methylation (Roberts et al., 1985) and integration host factor binding (J. Krull and R.W.S., in preparation). Here, we are concerned with three different post-transcriptional mechanisms that operate to control tnp translation (Fig. 1). All three manifest their effects by altering RNA secondary structure at or near the tnp ribosome binding site. First, a small antisense RNA (Fig. 1B) binds to the 5′ end of short (nascent) the tnp mRNAs (Fig. 1A) to block ribosome binding (Fig 1C). Second, RNA secondary structure in the full-length tnp mRNA sequesters the 5′ end (Fig. 1D), resulting in two effects: insensitivity to antisense RNA binding and decreased tnp translation. Third, tnp mRNAs initiated at external promoters (Fig. 1E) are not translated efficiently because RNA secondary structure sequesters the tnp ribosome binding site. The salient features of each control mechanism are described below.
Zoning, Land-Use Planning, and Housing Affordability

Local zoning and land-use regulations have increased substantially over the decades. These constraints on land development within cities and suburbs aim to achieve various safety, environmental, and aesthetic goals. But the regulations have also tended to reduce the supply of housing, including multifamily and low-income housing. With reduced supply, many U.S. cities suffer from housing affordability problems. This study uses regression analysis to examine the link between housing prices and zoning and land-use controls. State and local governments across the country impose substantially different amounts of regulation on land development. The study uses a data set of court decisions on land use and zoning that captures the growth in regulation over time and the large variability between the states. The statistical results show that rising land-use regulation is associated with rising real average home prices in 44 states and that rising zoning regulation is associated with rising real average home prices in 36 states. In general, the states that have increased the amount of rules and restrictions on land use the most have higher housing prices. The federal government spent almost $200 billion to subsidize renting and buying homes in 2015. These subsidies treat a symptom of the underlying problem. But the results of this study indicate that state and local governments can tackle housing affordability problems directly by overhauling their development rules. For example, housing is much more expensive in the Northeast than in the Southeast, and that difference is partly explained by more regulation in the former region. Interestingly, the data show that relatively more federal housing aid flows to states with more restrictive zoning and land-use rules, perhaps because those states have higher housing costs. Federal aid thus creates a disincentive for the states to solve their own housing affordability problems by reducing regulation.
High Performance Computing in Academia: A Perspective

This paper reviews the experience of a task force of research faculty at the University of Georgia charged with evaluating alternative strategies and products to satisfy campus numerically intensive computing requirements. A survey of computer architectures examined by the task force is presented as well as the status of Fortran compiler technology on the systems examined. A discussion of some of the issues involved in effectively assessing system performance is also provided. The paper concludes with a discussion of alternative strategies considered by the task force to provide high performance computing resources.
Psychosocial Correlates and Early Substance Abuse Associated With Lifetime Hallucinogen Use Among Hispanic Young Adults.

Introduction:The Hispanic population is among the most rapid growing populations in the United States. Continued research is needed regarding factors associated with substance abuse and Hispanic in...
Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations for Atypical, Adult Onset Presentation of Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO)

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is the most severe form of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) and is a rare autoinflammatory bone disorder that mostly affects children and adolescents. CRMO is a diagnosis of exclusion, resulting in often-delayed diagnosis with over one year on average from onset of symptoms to time of diagnosis. Initial diagnosis is rare in adults and previously undocumented in the elderly (age greater than 65). We highlight a case of a 74-year-old elderly Caucasian female with a history of palmoplantar pustular psoriasis who presented with pelvic and hip pain. Imaging findings included multiple bony lesions on x-rays, increased uptake in the left side of the pelvis, ileum, proximal sternum, and bilateral medial clavicles on nuclear bone scan. Bone biopsy histologic results of marrow fibrosis and plasma cell infiltrate indicative of chronic inflammation lead to the diagnosis of CRMO. This case highlights that while CRMO is typically a disease with childhood onset, it, while rare, can also present in adults and now has presented in the elderly, remaining an important part of the differential diagnosis of bone pain in adults and the elderly in addition to infectious osteomyelitis and malignancy when imaging reveals multiple bony lesions. This in turn will facilitate the reduction of unnecessary medical treatment and antibiotics.
Surface Stress and Atmospheric Boundary Layer Response to Mesoscale SST Structure in Coupled Simulations of the Northern California Current System

AbstractThe influence of mesoscale sea surface temperature (SST) variations on wind stress and boundary layer winds is examined from coupled ocean–atmosphere numerical simulations and satellite obs...
Network Alignment Using Graphlet Signature and High Order Proximity

Network alignment problem arises in graph-based problem formulation of many computer science and biological problems. The alignment task is to identify the best one-to-one matching between vertices for a pair of networks by considering the local topology or vertex attributes or both. Existing algorithms for network alignment uses a diverse set of methodologies, such as, Eigen-decomposition of a similarity matrix, solving a quadratic assignment problem through subgradiant optimization, or heuristic-based iterative greedy matching. However, these methods are either too slow, or they have poor matching performance. Some existing methods also require extensive external node attributes as prior information for the purpose of node matching. In this paper, we develop a novel topology-based network alignment approach which we call GraphletAlign. The proposed method uses graphlet signature as node attributes and then uses a bi-partite matching algorithm for obtaining an initial alignment, which is later refined by considering higher-order matching. Our results on large real-life networks show the superiority of GraphletAlign over the existing methods; specifically, GraphletAlign’s accuracy improvement is up to 20%–72% compared to existing network alignment methods over six large real-life networks.
Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Generators in Power Networks

In this paper, a novel hierarchical signal processing methodology is proposed for generator condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on raw electrical waveform data in power networks, which can often be measured by strategically-located waveform sensors. The impact of generator short circuit faults on strategically located electrical waveform sensors in power networks are firstly investigated and validated in Matlab Simulink. Based on the large set of electrical waveform data produced by Matlab Simulink, a hierarchical algorithm is then designed to locate fault site location and monitor the condition of generators in power networks. Finally, the proposed methodology is validated in 14-bus IEEE standard power network under different scenarios (e.g, one generator fault, two-generator-fault, various aging levels, etc). Our results show that we can locate fault site location and monitor the aging condition of generators in power networks. Compared to traditional condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on generator sensors, our proposed methodology can monitor a large number of generators based on a limited number of waveform sensors, which promises to reduce the cost of the maintenance and improve the reliability of the power grid.
Brassicaceae Plants Response and Tolerance to Salinity

Increasing soil salinity is one of the most important global issues for recent agriculture, which can potentially cut down the total crop productivity. Brassicas or different members of Brassicaceae family are very important components of human food. Interestingly, the members of Brassicaceae family have diverse genetic composition and thus their response and adaptation to salinity differs greatly. Hence, it is necessary to know the morphological, physiological, biochemical, hormonal and molecular responses of Brassica for sustainable production in saline environment. Due to its high economic and nutritional importance, characterization and identification of salt-tolerant genotypes in each of the cultivated species of Brassicaceae is an essential approach for maintaining food production and security. Several techniques are available to identify the tolerant donors of Brassica. However, identification through key morpho-physiological traits along with established molecular markers is still a universal technique. Due to the diverse nature of different members of Brassicaceae family, its salt tolerance response is not universal. Rather, from highly glycophytic to extreme halophytic responses were reported within Brassicaceae family. Understandably, the physiological and molecular responses also vary greatly between different species present in the family. In general, it was reported by several researchers that most of the amphidiploid species in Brassicaceae family were comparatively more salt-tolerant than the diploid members. Looking at the agronomic importance of different Brassicas, over the years several conventional and advanced breeding approaches were performed to improve salt tolerance in individual Brassica species, despite their differential critical levels of salt tolerance. Genetic interventions either by transgenics or through genome editing approaches were also exercised to incorporate/modify key regulatory genes viz. SOS, HKT, NHX and LEA gene families into different members of Brassicaceae in order to increase their salt tolerance potential. In this compilation, we focussed on gathering related information, which would help in better understanding of differential responses of different members of Brassicaceae family towards salt stress.
Direct Observation of Redox-Induced Bubble Generation and Nanopore Formation Dynamics in Controlled Dielectric Breakdown

While controlled dielectric breakdown (CBD) emerged as a promising method for accessible solid-state nanopore fabrication, there are still significant challenges in understanding the fabrication dy...
Abstract MP24: Correlation Between Blood Pressure And Inflammation In The Thoracic Aorta Of HIV Patients With And Without Cocaine Use As Assessed By FDG-PET/CT

Objectives: Cocaine exerts various adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, something that can be further exasperated in HIV positive individuals. In this study, we aimed to assess the atheros...
Outcomes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Following LVAD Placement: An IMACS Analysis

Background Outcomes of patients with advanced heart failure (HF) due to restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) remain unfavorable in spite of advances in HF therapies. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are a standard therapeutic option for patients with advanced HF, however there is limited data to support LVAD implantation in these patients. The purpose of this study was to examine outcomes in patients with end-stage RCM following LVAD implantation when compared with those with dilated cardiomyopathies (DCM). Methods The International Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (IMACS) registry was queried for all patients with RCM (n = 179) and DCM (n = 15,335) who underwent durable LVAD implantation between January 2013 and September 2017. Patients with RCM were grouped into amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, radiotherapy, idiopathic and other forms of RCM. Baseline patient characteristics, survival, and adverse events were compared among the groups. Results Patients with RCM had a mean age of 56 years and were predominately male (78.9%). Echocardiograms of patients with RCM had significantly smaller left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) compared to DCM (6.3 cm vs 6.8 cm p Conclusions In this analysis of an international registry, we demonstrated that patients with RCM have similar outcomes compared with patients with DCM following LVAD implantation. This observation invites future prospective investigations on validating our findings and on identifying challenges in regards to LVAD implantation in patients with advanced HF due to RCM.
Beef cattle feedlot emissions measured using open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

A dual comb-spectroscopy system was implemented in a beef cattle feedlot alongside a commercial cavity ring down system in order to measure concentrations of relative agricultural gases and compare flux emission rates.
Topological representation of the Lambda-calculus

The [lambda]-calculus can be represented topologically by assigning certain spaces to the types and certain continuous maps to the terms. Using a recent result from category theory, the usual calculus of [lambda]-conversion is shown to be deductively complete with respect to such topological semantics. It is also shown to be functionally complete, in the sense that there is always a ‘minimal’ topological model in which every continuous function is [lambda]-definable. These results subsume earlier ones using cartesian closed categories, as well as those employing so-called Henkin and Kripke [lambda]-models.
EFFECTS OF DOXYCYCLINE HYCLATE, ONE PERCENT POLIDOCANOL, AND ABSOLUTE ETHANOL ON THE CUTANEOUS AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUES OF CHICKENS (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS) AND THE POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS IN TREATING CERVICOCEPHALIC DIVERTICULA RUPTURE

The objective of this pilot study was to examine the histologic effects associated with three known sclerosing agents and their ability to induce fibrosis in the subcutaneous space between the cervicocephalic air sac and skin. In the future, these drugs may prove useful in treating birds experiencing cervicocephalic diverticula rupture. The agents used were 1% polidocanol, absolute ethanol, and doxycycline hyclate. Twelve healthy adult chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were used in this study. The chickens were randomly allocated into three groups denoting day of euthanasia (day 4, 7, or 14). On day 0, all agents were injected (0.2 ml) subcutaneously, in a four-point grid fashion, in both the cervical and pectoral region of each bird. After euthanasia, the skin and subcutaneous tissues corresponding to the injection sites were harvested for histologic assessment. Tissue sections were assessed for fibrosis and lymphocytic and histiocytic inflammation. A scoring system was established to rank sclerosing agents by fibrosing and inflammatory ability. In the cervical region of chickens, 1% polidocanol induced the greatest inflammatory changes by day 7. Data suggest that doxycycline hyclate may produce the greatest cutaneous and subcutaneous fibrosis overall among all groups of birds. No adverse reactions were associated with any injection. Sterile saline produced the least amount of inflammation when assessed with the scoring system. Further investigation is needed to determine the safety of injections of larger volume with these chemicals and whether these findings can be extrapolated to birds with disease.
Efficacy of MI Paste® on Bleaching-Related Sensitivity: Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background. To evaluate the effectiveness of MI Paste® in reducing sensitivity associated with vital tooth bleaching. Methods. This randomized controlled split-mouth clinical trial included 45 subjects that were randomly divided into two groups. In Group 1, the maxillary arch was the control arch (only bleaching), while the mandibular arch was the intervention arch (bleaching and MI Paste®). In Group 2, the mandibular arch was the control arch (only bleaching), while the maxillary arch was the intervention arch (bleaching and MI Paste®). Subjects started with the control arch and then switched to the intervention arch after two weeks. Subjects were instructed to use MI Paste® in a custom tray for 5 minutes, wait for 1 hour, and then bleach overnight using a different tray. Sensitivity was measured using both a thermal sensitivity test and a daily log of sensitivity for 14 days. Shade was evaluated using a colorimeter and a shade guide. Results. Immediately after treatment, the thermal test sensitivity scores for the arches bleached without MI Paste® were greater than those with MI Paste® ( ). Arches not receiving the MI Paste® treatment showed significantly higher VAS sensitivity scores during the 14-day period of bleaching ( ). The mean score for the 14-day period was 37.9 for the arches not treated with MI Paste® versus 27.5 for the treated arches. Both the intervention group and the control group showed significantly lighter shade relative to baseline ( ) with no significant difference between them ( ). Conclusion. MI Paste® significantly reduced the sensitivity associated with bleaching and did not interfere with shade change.