cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Stagnation flow thermophoretic deposition with variable particle concentration in the mainstream

A methodology for determining deposition with thermophoretic transport is introduced. An application is made to stagnation flow. The classical similarity solution for stagnation flow requires the boundary condition of a uniform particle concentration at an infinite location away from the wall. The present methodology removes these restrictions; i.e., it is valid for a spatially variable particle concentration boundary condition at a finite distance from the wall. The deposition characteristics are presented in terms of a factor F. The dependence of F on the flow parameters is studied and discussed.
Reliability-based evaluation of automotive wind noise quality

Abstract This paper proposes an efficient method for the reliability analysis of a vehicle body–door subsystem with respect to an important quality issue—wind noise. A nonlinear seal model is constructed for the automotive wind noise problem and the limit state function is evaluated using finite element analysis. A multi-modal adaptive importance sampling (AIS) method is developed for reliability analysis at system level, to improve the efficiency of the Monte Carlo simulation. The method can easily handle implicit and time-dependent limit-state functions, with variables of any statistical distributions. Existing analytical as well as simulation-based methods are also investigated to solve the car door wind noise problem. It is demonstrated through this industrial application problem that the multi-modal AIS method is superior to existing methods in terms of efficiency and accuracy. A generalized framework for reliability estimation is then established for series system reliability problems with large numbers of random variables and complicated, implicit limit states.
Phosphorylated metabolites and effects of amphotericin B and ouabain on phosphorylation state in amphibian cornea.

The phosphorylated metabolite content of endothelial denuded frog corneas and toad corneal epithelial cells was measured. The extract of frog corneas contained adenine, uridine and guanine nucleotides, in addition to various glycolytic intermediates, orthophosphate (Pi) and creatine phosphate. The relationship between the phosphorylation state: PS = [ATP][ADP] · [Pi] and the rate of active ion transport was studied in the toad cornea. This was considered by measuring the effects of 10−5 m-amphotericin B and 10−2 m-ouabain on the adenine nucleotide and Pi content of toad epithelial cells since these drugs selectively stimulate and inhibit active ion transport and metabolic rates, respectively. In order to calculate PS values, we derived and validated a relationship for converting content in terms of nmol/mg protein into concentration (mm). Incubation with amphotericin B in six different cell suspensions resulted in decreases of the ATP and ADP concentrations from 2·3 to 1·2 mm and 0·7 and 0·4 mm, respectively. The Pi concentration increased more than the ATP decrease from 6·2 to 12·2 mm. The average of these individual changes in each of the suspensions resulted in a significant decrease of the calculated PS from 599 ± 226 to 342 ± 127 m−1. However, ouabain increased the ATP concentration from 2·3 to 2·6 mm and decreased the ADP and Pi concentrations from 0·7 to 0·3 mm and 6·2 to 5·4 mm, respectively. The average of these individual changes in each of the suspensions resulted in a significant increase of the PS from 599 ± 226 to 2975 ± 1639 m−1. These results support the current notion that the PS is the feedback signal synchronizing metabolic rates with the energetic requirements of active Na and K transport.
Obstetric rectal injury: risk factors and the role of physician experience.

Objective: To identify the risk factors for rectal injury following vaginal delivery and to determine the impact of accoucheur experience (resident vs. attending) on those risk factors. Methods: A database at our institution was used to identify women with a singleton gestation, vertex presentation, and no prior cesarean delivery who underwent a vaginal delivery over a three year period. The outcome of interest was rectal injury. We performed logistic regression evaluating the association of parity, birthweight, forceps, vacuum, midline episiotomy, epidural anesthesia, and operator status with rectal injury. We calculated population attributable risk to estimate the relative contribution of each risk factor. Results: A total of 17 722 women met the inclusion criteria. The frequency of rectal injury was 8.9% (n = 1572). Our data demonstrate a significant increase in risk of rectal injury with birthweight > 4000 g, midline episiotomy, or operative vaginal delivery. Multiparity is significantly protective...
Towards Server-side Repair for Erasure Coding-based Distributed Storage Systems

Erasure coding is one of the main mechanisms to add redundancy in a distributed storage system, by which a file with k data segments is encoded into a file with n coded segments such that any k coded segments can be used to recover the original k data segments. Each coded segment is stored at a storage server. Under an adversarial setting in which the storage servers can exhibit Byzantine behavior, remote data checking (RDC) can be used to ensure that the stored data remains retrievable over time. The main previous RDC scheme to offer such strong security guarantees, HAIL, has an inefficient repair procedure, which puts a high load on the data owner when repairing even one corrupt data segment.In this work, we propose RDC-EC, a novel RDC scheme for erasure code-based distributed storage systems that can function under an adversarial setting. With RDC-EC we offer a solution to an open problem posed in previous work and build the first such system that has an efficient repair phase. The main insight is that RDC-EC is able to reduce the load on the data owner during the repair phase (i.e., lower bandwidth and computation) by shifting most of the burden from the data owner to the storage servers during repair. RDC-ECis able to maintain the advantages of systematic erasure coding: optimal storage for a certain reliability level and sub-file access. We build a prototype for RDC-EC and show experimentally that RDC-EC can handle efficiently large amounts of data.
Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Injured Solid-Organ Tissue (with Emphasis on Cardiac Tissue Repair)

Adult hematopoietic tissue-derived stem cells are primarily used for hematopoietic reconstitution in patients with malignant lympho-hematopoietic disorders undergoing stem cell transplantation. Their therapeutic use for solid- organ tissue repair such as cardiac tissue is a novel treatment strategy. Besides hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and even solid-organ tissue resident stem cells (e.g. cardiac stem cells (CSC)) are known to contribute to solid-organ tissue repair. Stem cell delivery for cardiac tissue repair is by transvascular or intramyocardial injection. Myocardial tissue engineering takes advantage of biocompatible materials as stem cell carriers (scaffolds). Stem cell concentration at the site of tissue injury and engineering the stem cell microenvironment are additional components that determine treatment outcome. Mechanisms that explain how stem cells generate solid-organ specific cells include nuclear re-programming (transdifferentiation), cell fusion, and paracrine secretion of transplanted cells (e.g., MSCs). One preferred therapeutic concept is the stepwise induction of neovascularization followed by activation of the solid-organ resident stem cell pool. Cardiac tissue repair in patients with acute myocardial infarction is currently at the forefront of clinical stem cell treatment research. The outcome of major clinical trials will be discussed.
Elastic Proton-Proton Scattering at 90° and Structure within the Proton

The differential cross section for proton-proton elastic scattering at 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} in the center-of-mass system was measured at laboratory momenta ranging from 5.0 to 13.4 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$. Fifty-one measurements were made at momentum intervals of 100 or 200 $\frac{\mathrm{MeV}}{c}$. The extracted proton beam of the ZGS impiniged upon a C${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ target. The two scattered protons were detected by two spectrometers consisting of magnets and scintillation counter telescopes in coincidence. The incident beam flux was measured by radiochemical analysis of the C${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ targets. The experiment showed no evidence for any $S=0$, $T=1$ dibaryon resonances in the 3300-5200-MeV mass range. It also yielded some information about the validity of the statistical model and the analyticity of the scattering amplitude. The most interesting result of the experiment was a sharp break in the fixed-angle cross section. This may be evidence for the existence of two inner regions of the proton with radii 0.51\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}.02 and 0.34\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}.02 F.
Chaperonin-assisted folding of glutamine synthetase under nonpermissive conditions: off-pathway aggregation propensity does not determine the co-chaperonin requirement.

One of the proposed roles of the GroEL-GroES cavity is to provide an "infinite dilution" folding chamber where protein substrate can fold avoiding deleterious off-pathway aggregation. Support for this hypothesis has been strengthened by a number of studies that demonstrated a mandatory GroES requirement under nonpermissive solution conditions, i.e., the conditions where proteins cannot spontaneously fold. We have found that the refolding of glutamine synthetase (GS) does not follow this pattern. In the presence of natural osmolytes trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) or potassium glutamate, refolding GS monomers readily aggregate into very large inactive complexes and fail to reactivate even at low protein concentration. Surprisingly, under these "nonpermissive" folding conditions, GS can reactivate with GroEL and ATP alone and does not require the encapsulation by GroES. In contrast, the chaperonin dependent reactivation of GS under another nonpermissive condition of low Mg2+ (<2 mM MgCl2) shows an absolute requirement of GroES. High-performance liquid chromatography gel filtration analysis and irreversible misfolding kinetics show that a major species of the GS folding intermediates, generated under these "low Mg2+" conditions exist as long-lived metastable monomers that can be reactivated after a significantly delayed addition of the GroEL. Our results indicate that the GroES requirement for refolding of GS is not simply dictated by the aggregation propensity of this protein substrate. Our data also suggest that the GroEL-GroES encapsulated environment is not required under all nonpermissive folding conditions.
Laplace-Weibull mixtures for modeling price changes

B. Mandelbrot and E. Fama in the sixties, and W. Ziemba in the seventies, suggested stable laws for modeling stock returns and commodity prices. Geometric stable distributions, with Laplace distribution playing the role of a "normal" law, have been found to give better fit to such data. We study the "stability" properties of Laplace and a mixture of Laplace and Weibull and discuss the statistical inference for such mixture models. Application of the mixture distribution to modeling price changes in real estate prices in France is given.
Opportunistic scheduling and spectrum reuse in relay-based cellular networks

In order to understand the key merits of multiuser diversity, opportunistic scheduling and spectrum reuse techniques in downlink relay-based cellular networks, this paper analyzes the spectral efficiency performance over a fading multihop broadcast channel (MBC) composed of a base station (BS), a relay station (RS), U far users and V near users in the asymptotic regime of large number of users. Using tools from extreme-value theory, we characterize the average spectral efficiency of the MBC as a function of the number of users and physical channel parameters. Our analysis yields very accurate formulas even for moderately low values of U and V , specified in detail and verified (via Monte Carlo simulations) for the case of Rayleigh fading. Next, we consider a relay-based broadband multi-cellular network in the downlink mode; with special focus on orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) resource allocation and investigate the spectral efficiency performance of opportunistic multiuser scheduling and spectrum reuse techniques based on capacity analysis and system-level simulations. This empirical study validates our analytical insights and helps to further identify design tradeoffs associated with spectrum reuse, interference management and multiuser diversity techniques in relay-based cellular networks.
Service providers' perception of factors that help or hinder homeless families

Homeless shelter directors in two southern states were surveyed to ascertain their perceptions of factors that help or hinder homeless, mother-headed families in emerging from homelessness. Respondents believed that mothers' attitudes and motivation were the most important factors in getting and keeping housing and that lack of social supports and relationship difficulties were the most significant problems families faced in their attempts to emerge from homelessness. Scarce housing was seen as the most significant barrier within the community. The findings are compared with findings from other studies, and explanations for differing results are presented. The author discusses the implications of the findings for service providers and communities in light of recent welfare-reform legislation.
Information load, cost/benefit assessment and decision strategy variability

The effect of four potential information load-producing variables on decision strategies and decision time and accuracy was examined. These variables included two task-effects, the number of alternatives and attributes, and two context effects, the variability of information on the attributes and alternative similarity. Number of alternatives had the most impact on decision strategies, which were determined via protocols collected during a decision task. The four loadproducing variables all had a significant effect on decision time, with the task-effect variables having the greatest influence. Of the two load-producing variables that showed a significant relationship with decision accuracy, alternative similarity had the most impact.
Fluid Exchange at the Margins of Dental Restorations

of a thesis presented by Robert B. Wolcott in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the graduate school, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C., for the degree of Master of Science. Publication approved by the Council on Dental Re­ search. Presented before the twenty-ninth general meet­ ing of the International Association for Dental Research, French Lick, Ind., March 17, 1951. The opinions or assertions contained in this article are the private ones of the writer and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the naval service at large. •Research associate of the American Dental Associa­ tion at the National Bureau of Standards. fCommander. DC, USN, Naval Dental School, N a­ tional Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Md., stationed at the National Bureau of Standards. 1. Souder, Wilmer, and Paffenbarger, G. C. Physical properties of dental materials. Circular 433 of the Na­ tional Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C., Govern­ ment Printing Office, 1942, p. 13. 2. Salisbury, G. B. Present status of direct acrylic restorations. D. Digest 56:202 (May) 1950. 3. Meyer, H. t. Matrix retention in Class II I and Class IV acrylic restorations. D. Digest 56:394 (Sept.)
Catheter-less robotic radical prostatectomy using a custom-made synchronous anastomotic splint and vesical urinary diversion device: report of the initial series and perioperative outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility of avoiding a urethral catheter after robotic radical prostatectomy by using suprapubic diversion with a urethral splint, as urethral catheterization is often a source of major discomfort and pain to the patient, and can cause more concern to the patient than the procedure; we present the outcomes of a pilot study. PATIENTS AND METHODS This pilot study involved 30 patients; in group 1 (the study group of 10 patients) we used a custom-made suprapubic catheter which provided a small anastomotic splint, multiple holes for drainage and the ability to retract the splint to give a voiding trial before removing the drainage device. Group 2 was a control group of 20 patients who had standard urethral catheterization with an 18 F Silastic Foley catheter. Demographic, intraoperative and outcome data were measured and analysed. Urethral symptoms were recorded using a specially developed questionnaire. RESULTS The two groups were comparable in terms of age, serum prostate specific antigen level, body mass index, Gleason scores, tumour stage, operative duration, amount of bleeding, console times, anastomotic leakage and postoperative retention rates. The study group had significantly less penile shaft or tip pain and discomfort during walking or sleeping. No patient in either group had haematuria or clot retention requiring irrigation. CONCLUSION Urethral catheter-less robotic radical prostatectomy is feasible. The advantages are decreased penile shaft and tip pain, and decreased patient discomfort and an earlier return of continence.
A new system for rapid review of clinical studies and more efficient group teaching in ultrasound

Asystem using television in a convenient format is described. Its applications include rapid, convenient review of studies by clinicians and efficient presentation of data to groups of ultrasound trainees. The videotape capability of unit allows production of teaching aids for sharing with other labs.
Higher Renal Replacement Therapy Dose Delivery Influences on Drug Therapy

Higher doses of renal replacement therapy have profound effects on pharmacotherapy, yet little research has been conducted in this area. High-volume renal replacement therapies influence both the pharmacokinetic and the pharmacodynamic profiles of all drugs administered to these critically ill patients. Intermittent high-dose "hybrid" hemodialysis therapies remove drugs to a much different degree than standard thrice-weekly hemodialysis, yet pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed in patients receiving these therapies. High-volume continuous renal replacement therapies offer dosing challenges not seen with standard low-dose therapies. This article describes the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic issues presented by high-volume renal replacement therapies. Given the importance that pharmacotherapy has on optimal patient outcomes, a better understanding of the influence that high-volume renal replacement therapy has on drugs is essential if these high volume therapies are to be used successfully in the intensive care unit.
A learning environment based on knowledge storage and retrieval using concept maps

In today's digital age, a plethora of websites host knowledge related to various professions. Individuals working in different professions in turn consume this knowledge either to advance their skills or to accomplish their professional responsibilities. As this knowledge is continuously evolving, both in terms of size and content, the process used for acquiring the knowledge becomes important. Concept maps are proven to explicitly facilitate meaningful learning for all age groups. In this paper we propose a new knowledge integration process, implemented using a learning environment that facilitates meaningful learning by enabling the users to make a connection between newly gained and existing knowledge using concept maps. We also discuss an algorithm to construct a meta-map in order to represent collective information related to a topic and explain the various ways to extract valuable information from it.
Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Burbot Stocks in the Kootenai River Basin of British Columbia, Montana, and Idaho

Abstract Differences in mitochondrial haplotype frequency were examined among burbot Lota lota collected from four areas within the Kootenai River Basin of British Columbia, Montana and Idaho. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify three gene regions of the mitochondrial genome: NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2), and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 5 and 6 combined (ND5,6). Amplified DNA was screened for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Simple haplotypes resulting from RFLPs in a single gene region were combined into composite haplotypes. The distribution of composite haplotypes and their frequencies correspond to areas of the Kootenay River basin above and below a presumptive geographic barrier, Kootenai Falls, Montana, and suggest spatially segregated populations. A test of geographic heterogeneity among haplotype frequency distributions was highly significant (P < 0.001) when a Monte Carlo simulation was used to approximate a χ2 test. ...
Mediastinal metastases from testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: patterns of dissemination and predictors of long-term survival with surgery.

Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of mediastinal dissemination of nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of testicular origin and evaluate variables that may influence survival with mediastinal dissection in patients with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Methods: From 1981 to 2000, a total of 421 patients were seen at our institution for extirpation of residual lung or mediastinal disease after cisplatin-based chemotherapy for metastatic testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. We reviewed 268 of these patients, with a mean age of 26.8 years, who required at least one surgical procedure to remove residual mediastinal disease. Pathologic types of resected residual mediastinal disease were necrosis (15%), teratoma (59%), persistent nonseminomatous germ cell cancer (15%), and non-germ cell carcinomatous degeneration (11%). Twelve variables were evaluated by univariate analyses, and four variables potentially statistically significant at P Results: All patients demonstrated metastases to the visceral mediastinum. Fewer patients also demonstrated metastases to the paravertebral sulcus or anterior compartments (16% and 7%, respectively). Overall 5- and 10-year survivals were 86% ± 2% and 74% ± 4%, respectively. According to multivariate analysis, disease-related survival was negatively influenced by an elevated preoperative β-human chorionic gonadotropin level ( P =.028) and adverse pathologic characteristics of residual mediastinal disease ( P =.006). Conclusions: Testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors follow a predictable pattern of mediastinal dissemination, primarily following the course of the thoracic duct and its major tributaries. Patients who require surgery to remove residual mediastinal disease after cisplatin-based chemotherapy for metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors have good to excellent long-term survivals. These results justify an aggressive surgical approach, including multiple surgical procedures if clinically indicated. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;125:913-23
A Large Deviations Approach to Statistical Traffic Anomaly Detection

We introduce an Internet traffic anomaly detection mechanism based on large deviations asymptotic results. Using past traffic traces we characterize network traffic during various time-of-day intervals, assuming that it is anomaly-free. We present two different approaches to characterize traffic: (i) a model-free approach based on the method of types and Sanov's theorem, and (ii) a model-based approach modeling traffic using a Markov modulated process. Using these characterizations as a reference we continuously monitor traffic and employ large deviations results to compute the probability that the monitored traffic is "consistent" with the corresponding reference characterization. Low values of this probability identify, in real-time, traffic anomalies. Our experimental results show that applying our methodology (even short-lived) anomalies are identified within a small number of observations. Throughout, we compare the two approaches presenting their advantages and disadvantages. We validate our techniques by analyzing real traffic traces with time-stamped anomalies.
Painless Single Stone in Pancreatic Duct: Report of a Case with Steatorrheal Diarrhea

Summary We have reported the case of a 67-year-old white man with a four-month history of passing fat and oil per rectum, this being his sole complaint originally. The lesion was an isolated calculus occluding the duct of Wirsung, with associated pancreatic atrophy and fibrosis. The calculus was removed, with lessening, but not disappearance, of steatorrhea postoperatively. Two years after removal of the calculus, more calculi were visible in roentgenograms of the pancreatic area, apparently in the main pancreatic duct. Three years postoperatively, roentgenograms revealed that the stones in the duct had increased in size and number, extending throughout the length of the gland. Although the possibility that this case represents an instance of painless chronic pancreatitis cannot be excluded, it is perhaps more likely that the primary event was formation of a stone in the duct of Wirsung. Removal of a solitary stone in the pancreatic duct seems advisable in an effort to restore ductal patency and to prevent secondary pancreatic parenchymal atrophy and fibrosis. Although encountered infrequently, pancreatic duct calculus must be kept in mind as one of the more unusual causes of steatorrhea and azotorrhea.
Effective Finite Element Modeling of Mode III Failure in Composites

The ever increasing use of composite materials in today’s society has created a drastic demand for better modeling of their behavior. The difficulty arises in that many modern composite structures are unique in shape and are exposed to a variety of loading situations. More specifically, loading scenarios which cause out-of-plane shear (Mode III) or mixed mode (Mode I + Mode II + Mode III) failure are of greatest challenge to model. This study investigates the capabilities of Simulation Composite Analysis (SCA), a composites software by Autodesk, in modeling failure in notched carbon-fiber composite panels loaded in Mode III. SCA was used with the finite element modeling software Abaqus/Standard (Dassault Systemes) to model six different laminate stacking sequences. Three of the layups featured 40 plies through the thickness and the other three had 20 plies, with each containing either 10, 30, or 50 percent zero degree plies. The modeled panels were displaced as to create for a Mode III loading condition and the resulting maximum loads, load-displacement plots, and damage propagation outputs were compared to experimental results. It was found that SCA can determine the maximum failure load of the panels with an average of 11.6 percent deviation from experimental values. For one laminate stacking sequence in particular, the software determined maximum loads that deviated less than 1 percent from the experimental data. The load-displacement plots showed good correlations with experimental data in the linear region; however, the load-displacement behavior after damage was well modeled for only certain layups. The damage propagation paths for all the panel models were similar to the experimental panels in general, though self-similar damage propagation was not captured by the FEA models. Overall, Mode III failure in the notched carbon fiber panels was satisfactorily modeled for maximum load, but continued development is needed for predicting damage propagation paths. Modeling Mode III failure in composites is a difficult task; therefore, determining accurate methods in which to model such failure will be a substantial benefit to the composites engineering community. If low cost computer models can be established which accurately capture material damage and failure, the need for expensive and time-intensive experiments may be greatly reduced.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
The state of oncology in 2014 and the role of palliative care for advanced and metastatic malignancies.

In 1971, when United States President Richard Nixon declared war on cancer, he stated, “The time has come in America when the same kind of concentrated effort that split the atom and took man to the moon should be turned toward conquering this dread disease” (1). In that year, approximately $250 million was spent on cancer research and 337,000 patients died of malignancies. In 2014, an estimated 585,720 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States (2), and the National Institutes of Health now estimates that the annual overall cost associated with cancer to be $216.6 billion, with $86.6 billion for direct health care costs and $130 billion for loss of productivity due to morbidity and mortality (3).
Abstract 280: Cardiologist Consultation and Associated Outcomes for Older Women with Heart Failure after Breast Cancer Therapy

Background: Commonly employed breast cancer therapies can cause cardiomyopathy (CM) and heart failure (HF). Whether breast cancer patients who subsequently develop HF/CM are treated by cardiologists, and whether this is associated with higher use of guideline-recommended treatments for HF/CM is unknown. Methods: We used data from SEER-Medicare to identify women with early stage breast cancer diagnosed 2000-2009 who received potentially cardiotoxic adjuvant therapy (anthracyclines, trastuzumab) and developed HF/ CM. We assessed the frequency of consultation or office visit with a cardiologist within 90 days of HF/CM (as ascertained by diagnostic billing codes). Using Medicare Part D pharmacy claims (available 2006-2011, N=177), we assessed differences in use of guideline-recommended treatments (angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE]-inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers [ARBs] and beta-blockers specifically indicated for HF/CM) stratified by cardiology consultation using χ2 test. We compared differences in survival after HF/CM stratified by cardiology consultation using the log-rank test. Results: We identified 1028 older women with stage I-III breast cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2009 who developed HF/CM in the 3 years after adjuvant cancer therapy. Mean patient age was 73.1 years (standard deviation=4.8); 71%received anthracyclines alone, 17%received trastuzumab alone, and 12% received both. There were 345 (34%) women seen by a cardiologist within 0-90 days after the HF/CM diagnosis. Among women with pharmacy claims, a cardiologist visit was significantly associated with higher use of ACE-inhibitors or ARBs (60% v 44%, p=.039), and beta-blockers specifically indicated for HF treatment (40% v 24%, p=.026), compared to women who did not have cardiologist visit. One-year survival after HF/CM was higher patients with cardiologist consultation compared with no cardiologist consultation (79% v 91%, p=.001). Conclusions: The majority of women who developed HF/CM after breast cancer therapy were not treated by a cardiologist, and had lower quality of care with higher 1-year mortality. This represents an important area for collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists to improve the care and outcomes of patients with HF/CM as a complication of breast cancer therapy.
VESS9. Socioeconomic Disparities Affect Short-Term and Long-Term Survival After Aortic Dissection

30-day mortality Group I vs Group IV 1.974 1.047-3.723 .036 Group II vs Group IV 0.868 0.450-1.674 .673 Group III vs Group IV 0.960 0.466-1.989 .912 Post-op stroke Group I vs Group IV 0.880 0.135-5.742 .893 Group II vs Group IV 0.717 0.106-4.871 .734 Group III vs Group IV 1.342 0.192-9.364 .767 Post-op MI Group I vs Group IV 0.880 0.135-5.742 .893 Group II vs Group IV 0.717 0.106-4.871 .734 Group III vs Group IV 1.342 0.192-9.364 .767 Post-op aggregate (MI/stroke) Group I vs Group IV 1.958 0.443-8.649 .375 Group II vs Group IV 2.429 0.572-10.310 .229 Group III vs Group IV 1.841 0.379-8.955 .450
Osmotically-induced tension and the binding of N-BAR protein to lipid vesicles

The binding affinity of a curvature-sensing protein domain (N-BAR) is measured as a function of applied osmotic stress while the membrane curvature is nearly constant. Varying the osmotic stress allows us to control membrane tension, which provides a probe of the mechanism of binding. We study the N-BAR domain of the Drosophila amphiphysin and monitor its binding on 50 nm-radius vesicles composed of 90 mol% DOPC and 10 mol% PIP. We find that the bound fraction of N-BAR is enhanced by a factor of approximately 6.5 when the tension increases from zero to 2.6 mN m−1. This tension-induced response can be explained by the hydrophobic insertion mechanism. From the data we extract a hydrophobic domain area that is consistent with known structure. These results indicate that membrane stress and strain could play a major role in the previously reported curvature-affinity of N-BAR.
On the environmental legal system view that human-oriented

The Third Plenary Session of the 16th Party Central Committee of the party has proposed the principles and policies that " human-oriented". This policy not merely has far-reaching inspiration to the legal different fields of political economy of our country, exert a long-term influence also, environment in our country legislate and administration of justice have deep directive significance to practise. This paper analyses the scientific connotation that“human-oriented”, and how to realize such questions as " people first " ,etc.
63 RESIBUFOGENIN REDUCES BLOOD PRESSURE IN A RAT MODEL OF PREECLAMPSIA

Preeclampsia is a disorder which occurs only in human pregnancy. It consists of the development of hypertension, proteinuria and, often, excessive edema after 20 weeks of gestation in patients with previously normal blood pressure. It is the second most frequent cause of fetal wastage and maternal morbidity and mortality. Progress in understanding the pathophysiology of this disorder has been hampered by a lack of suitable animal models, especially of the early events in its pathogenesis. We have developed a rat model which reproduces many of the phenotypic characteristics of the human syndrome, including hypertension, proteinuria and intrauterine growth restriction. We have determined that the excretion of a circulating inhibitor of Na/K ATPase, marinobufagenin (MBG), a cardiotonic bufadienolide which has vasoconstrictive properties, is elevated in these animals even before hypertension develops. Resibufogenin (RBG) is a structurally related analogue that differs from MBG only by the absence of the 5 β-hydroxyl-grouping. Furthermore, this compound has been determined to have no effect on angiogenesis. We therefore injected this material intraperitonealy daily in a dose of 15.3 μg/kg in five pregnant animals which had been rendered “preeclamptic” by administering desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) and replacing their drinking water with 0.9% saline. Systolic blood pressure (BP), measured with a tail cuff method, which rose to 132 ± 5 mm Hg from an initial mean value of 109 ± mm Hg (p
Comparison of exercise and catheterization results following total surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot.

Although surgery may correct the hemodynamic abnormalities of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the long-term effects on exercise tolerance are uncertain. Twenty-eight patients, aged 7 to 30 years, had cardiac catheterization and maximal graded exercise testing to evaluate the adequacy of the hemodynamic repair and its relation to exercise performance. Patients were tested 2 to 9 years after operation, and 13 previously had had palliative shunt procedures. At catheterization, 23 of the 28 patients had good surgical results. Despite the satisfactory hemodynamics, maximal working capacity (MWC), maximum heart rate, and exercise blood pressure were diminished when compared to normal values. In 10 patients who had exercise studies at catheterization, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and residual gradients were magnified by exercise. Abnormalities were independent of age at time of correction, time elapsed since surgery, use of patch in the outflow tract, or any antecedent procedures.
Soluble antigen of bovine viral diarrhea virus

Complement-fixing (CF) soluble antigen (SA) was detectable intra-cellularly prior to the appearance of infectious NADL-MD bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus during synthesis in roller flask cultures of bovine embryonic kidney cells. The release of infective virus into the extracellular fluid was concomitant with the release of SA.
Molecular Relaxation Processes During Film Formation

Traditionally many coatings and polymer chemists and physicists who follow the increase in viscosity of coating materials as changes occur during drying, use only one-point or steady-state methods for monitoring the ‘cure’. Insight can be gained by determining a flow curve at various shear rates for coating binders and formulations. However, as a proper formulated coating begins the process of changing from a liquid which generally flows readily to a solid coating, all are viscoelastic in nature. Such is the case with industrial, architectural or special protective coatings manufactured by the paint industry and printing inks, adhesives, paper coatings or other similar types. Only a few materials of commercial importance are not viscoelastic in normal usage, e.g. some Newtonian oils. Since this is the case, it is important for scientists not only to measure the viscosity of a coating but also to know something about the elastic response of the material.
Impact of CD4+ T Cell Responses on Clinical Outcome following Oral Administration of Wild-Type Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Humans.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a non-invasive enteric pathogen of considerable public health importance, being one of the most common attributable causes of diarrheal illness in infants and young children in developing countries and the most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea. To enhance study-to-study consistency of our experimental challenge model of ETEC in volunteers, and to allow concomitant multi-site trials to evaluate anti-ETEC immunoprophylactic products, hundreds of vials, each containing a standardized inoculum of virulent wild-type (wt) ETEC strain H10407 (serotype O78:H11 expressing colonization factor antigen I and heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins), were prepared under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) and frozen. Following thawing, the contents of each vial can be used (diluted as necessary) to prepare consistent challenge inoculum, even at different study sites. A preliminary human experimental challenge study using this cGMP inoculum was conducted on a research isolation ward and the clinical and cell-mediated immune responses evaluated. Of the 6 healthy adult volunteers challenged 83% (5/6) developed diarrhea and 50% developed moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD). Moderate and severe diarrhea were defined as passage of ≥ 1 liter or ≥ 3 liters of diarrheal stool respectively. We compared the CD4+ T cell responses of volunteers who developed MSD against those who did not and identified significant differences in ETEC-specific cytokine production and gut homing potential. We furthermore demonstrated that increased expression of the gut-homing molecule integrin α4β7 by peripheral T follicular helper cells (pTfh) correlated with decreased stool volume and increased ETEC-specific IgA B memory cell (BM) development. Collectively, despite small numbers of volunteers, our results indicate a potential role for CD4+ T cells, in particular pTfh, in modulating disease outcome following exposure to wt ETEC in a volunteer experimental challenge model.
Differences in Protein Concentration Dependence for Nucleation and Elongation in Light Chain Amyloid Formation

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a lethal disease characterized by the deposition of the immunoglobulin light chain into amyloid fibrils, resulting in organ dysfunction and failure. Amyloid fibrils have the ability to self-propagate, recruiting soluble protein into the fibril by a nucleation–polymerization mechanism, characteristic of autocatalytic reactions. Experimental data suggest the existence of a critical concentration for initiation of fibril formation. As such, the initial concentration of soluble amyloidogenic protein is expected to have a profound effect on the rate of fibril formation. In this work, we present in vitro evidence that fibril formation rates for AL light chains are affected by the protein concentration in a differential manner. De novo reactions of the proteins with the fastest amyloid kinetics (AL-09, AL-T05, and AL-103) do not present protein concentration dependence. Seeded reactions, however, exhibited weak protein concentration dependence. For AL-12, seeded and protein concen...
Session II: Introductory Remarks

In this session of the symposium, we are getting down to fundamental issues—what happens in the cells. Metabolism, however, applies not only to the cell but to specific organs, so we will not limit ourselves to cellular metabolism. In the backs of our minds, however, lurks the fact that thus far we have learned about the cell and its function primarily from autolytic “washout” products; we have failed to uncover what is happening in real time, as far as the cell is concerned (i.e., the kinetics of exchange and the kinetics of oxygen consumption). Drs. Chance at the University of Pennsylvania and Roughton in England have been some of the pioneers in this area, trying to develop systems for analyzing cellular function on a real-time basis without the need for measuring “washout” products alone. We are perfectly aware that perfusion must be adequate, not only to get nutrients and oxygen into the cell but to remove the lactate and other autolytic and enzyme products which are indicators of cellular function.
Distributed temperature sensing inside a 19-rod bundle

Abstract The temperature field within a model of a sodium-cooled fast reactor fuel rod bundle was measured using O155 μm fiber optic distributed temperature sensors (DTS). The bundle consists of 19 electrically-heated rods O6.3 mm and 865 mm long. Working fluids were argon and air at atmospheric pressure and Reynolds numbers up to 300. A 20 m-long DTS was threaded through O1 mm capillaries wound around rods as wire-wraps. The sensor generated 173 measurements along each rod at 5 mm resolution for a total of 3300 data locations. A second DTS, 58 m long, was suspended between rods to provide 9300 fluid temperature measurements at 20 mm resolution. Such data density makes it possible to construct 3D maps of the temperature field that are beyond the reach of traditional sensors such as thermocouples. This is illustrated through a series of steady-state and transient tests. The work demonstrates the feasibility of mapping temperature within the close confines of a rod bundle at resolutions suitable for validation of computational fluid dynamics codes.
A Rainbow Division Lieutenant in France: The World War I Diary of John H. Taber

Review of: "A Rainbow Division Lieutenant in France: The World War I Diary of John H. Taber," edited by Stephen H. Taber.
Predicting land use/cover change in Long Island Sound Watersheds and its effect on invasive species: a case study for glossy buckthorn

Land use/cover change (LUCC) is a major threat to ecosystems. It may affect the abundance and distribution of species. Despite the importance of LUCC to ecological patterns and processes, few quant...
The intersectional, structuralist, and anti-geneticism centres of Black Lives Matter

ABSTRACTThe paradoxes, ironies, and juxtapositions of Black Lives Matter (BLM) have not been lost on those in, around, and outside of the movement: Using a philosophical and historical lens of black political thought informing the movement, Christopher J. Lebron gives voice to the tensions that arise because of the hypocrisy of devaluing black lives in a civil society that holds the equality of diverse people central to its foundation. The culmination of Lebron’s effort provides an opportunity to enhance current thinking on our contemporary social movements since he does a responsible job of handling the chorus of exigent voices that have contributed to a black radical tradition from which the Movement for Black Lives, the policy component of BLM, is branded. Lebron’s approach, however, would have benefitted from a more careful consideration of critical intersectionality, structuralist theories, and biological racism.
A Simple Test for Nonidentifiability

It would be very useful to have a simple test that could be easily applied to a given tracer experiment to decide in advance whether or not the given experiment is feasible based on its possible identifiability. Such a test can be developed through the transfer function (17.2).
KEYNOTE The Unravelling Patriarchy

This is a video of Joan Tronto's Keynote address at the Sexual Contract: 30 Years On conference held at the School of Law and Politics, Cardiff University on 10-11 May 2018.In her address, Tronto begins with Carole Pateman's insight in The Sexual Contract (1988) about the incapacity of contract to produce freedom and equality, and considers the possibilities for an alternative organisation of human relations based on care ethics. She observes that in the years since the publication of The Sexual Contract, neoliberalism has resulted in a rewriting of the sexual contract. Under neoliberalism, the entry of women into the labour market, the full commodification of women's work and increasing economic disparities between men have resulted in some women becoming 'honorary individuals', substantially autonomous of men, with the consequent disruption of both men's political and sexual domination of women. This process has, in turn, given rise to a violent, misogynist and antidemocratic backlash in the form of neopopulism, in which men who have lost out economically feel a sense of deprivation, blame women, and seek a return to earlier forms of patriarchal domination. Against this background, she argues, care ethics provides a means of rethinking democratic commitments. A more just allocation of caring responsibilities could lead to a caring democracy without a return to gender subordination.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Early Motherhood Among Low-Income, Maltreated, and Foster Youth

Early childbearing is associated with a host of educational and economic disruptions for teenage girls and increased risk of adverse outcomes for their children. Low-income, maltreated, and foster youth have a higher risk of teen motherhood than the general population of youth. In this study, we assessed differences in the risk of early motherhood among these groups and investigated whether differences likely reflect selection factors versus effects of involvement with Child Protective Services (CPS) or foster care. Using a statewide linked administrative data system for Wisconsin, we employed survival analysis to estimate the hazard of early birth (child conceived prior to age 18) among females. We found that both the youth involved in CPS and youth in foster care were at significantly higher risk of early motherhood than low-income youth, and these differences were not explained by a range of sociodemographic and family composition characteristics. Moreover, our findings indicate that CPS and foster care are unlikely to be causal agents in the risk of early motherhood: among foster youth, risk was lower during foster care compared with before; among CPS-involved girls, risk was the same or lower after CPS investigation compared with before. Subsequent analysis showed that after girls exited foster care, those who were reunified with their birth families were at higher risk than those placed in adoption or guardianship. Overall, our findings suggest that whereas CPS and foster youth are high-risk populations for early motherhood, CPS involvement and foster care placement do not exacerbate, and may instead reduce, risk.