cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A case-control study on the relationship between triamcinolone acetonide acetate injection and tuberculosis infection during traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and treatment

Objective:To explore whether triamcinolone acetonide acetate injection is a risk factor in tuberculosis infection and to provide scientific base for traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A case-control study was involved in this discussion.A database was established with Epidata3.0 and the data were analyzed by SPSS13.0.Results:The rate of tuberculosis infection was 2.19%.The injection rate between tuberculosis group and control group was statistically significant.The number of patients with cumulative injection showed a dose-response relationship with increase risk of tuberculosis infection.The rates of triamcinolone acetonaide acetate injection in tuberculosis group and control group were 63.5% and 35.71% respectively,and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups.A dose-response relationship for number of patients with different injection frequency and increase risk of tuberculosis infection was observed.Conclusion:This case-control study revealed that the triamcinolone acetonaide acetate injection is a risk factor for tuberculosis infection,in addition,overdose of injection may contribute to the occurrence of tuberculosis infection.
Production of a hybridoma T suppressor cell and suppressor factor

Two hybridoma T-cell lines were prepared by fusion of burro erythrocyte (BRBC)--specific T suppressor cells with the BW 5147 thymoma line. Culture supernatants from these T cell hybrids specifically suppressed the in vitro IgG antibody response to BRBC. Clones P3E8 and P4B10 were both removed via affinity columns bearing antibodies to BRBC and antibodies to I-Jk subregion determinants. These results indicated that the hybridoma factors were I-Jk determinant bearing and anti-idiotype determinant bearing. P3E8 supernatant was major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted, suppressing only H-2k haplotype spleen cells. Clone P4B10 supernatant was not MHC restricted, suppressing k, s, b, and d haplotype spleen cells. The properties of these two hybridoma factors would indicate they are derived from Ts2 cells.
WE-G-209-01: Digital Radiography

Digital radiography, CT, PET, and MR are complicated imaging modalities which are composed of many hardware and software components. These components work together in a highly coordinated chain of events with the intent to produce high quality images. Acquisition, processing and reconstruction of data must occur in a precise way for optimum image quality to be achieved. Any error or unexpected event in the entire process can produce unwanted pixel intensities in the final images which may contribute to visible image artifacts. The diagnostic imaging physicist is uniquely qualified to investigate and contribute to resolution of image artifacts. This course will teach the participant to identify common artifacts found clinically in digital radiography, CT, PET, and MR, to determine the causes of artifacts, and to make recommendations for how to resolve artifacts. Learning Objectives: 1.Identify common artifacts found clinically in digital radiography, CT, PET and MR. 2.Determine causes of various clinical artifacts from digital radiography, CT, PET and MR. 3.Describe how to resolve various clinical artifacts from digital radiography, CT, PET and MR.
CHAPTER 18 – Pesticide Legislation and Registration

This chapter provides a brief description of the history of pesticide legislation and registration in the United States and general procedures that must be followed. It explains the purpose and complexity of Federal pesticide laws and the role of pesticide registration and regulation. The chapter provides readers with information about the protection that the regulatory process provides the US public, so that they become familiar with the basic steps of pesticide registration under US law.
A Provincial Muse: La Muse du département

“A Provincial Muse, La Muse du department” signals Balzac’s effective treatment of both religious apostasy and marital adultery to castigate journalism and vilify financially backward provincials. The novelist exploits numerous elements, from the title that implicitly denigrates the role of the muse, to the derogatory names of people and places, to an allusion to Constant’s Adolphe to intensify Dinah’s tragedy. Insisting on the difference between what it takes to write for newspapers and for the creation of art, Balzac also recognizes that Dinah’s very provincialism prevents her rise to the pinnacles of artistic success.
Worklist-Directed Prefetching

Researchers have demonstrated the benefits of hardware worklist accelerators, which offload scheduling and load balancing operations in parallel graph applications. However, many of these applications are still heavily memory latency-bound due to the irregular nature of graph data structure access patterns. We utilize the fact that the accelerator has knowledge of upcoming work items to accurately issue prefetch requests, a technique we call worklist-directed prefetching . A credit-based system to improve prefetch timeliness and prevent cache thrashing is proposed. The proposed prefetching scheme is simulated on a 64-core CMP with a hardware worklist accelerator on several graph algorithms and inputs. Enabling worklist-directed prefetching into the L2 cache results in an average speedup of 1.99, and up to 2.35 on Breadth-First Search.
A Novel Rehabilitation Intervention for Older Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The REHAB-HF Pilot Study

Abstract Objectives This study sought to assess a novel physical rehabilitation intervention in older patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Background After ADHF, older patients, who are frequently frail with multiple comorbidities, have prolonged and incomplete recovery of physical function and remain at high risk for poor outcomes. Methods The REHAB-HF (Rehabilitation Therapy in Older Acute Heart Failure Patients) pilot study was a 3-site, randomized, attention-controlled pilot study of a tailored, progressive, multidomain physical rehabilitation intervention beginning in the hospital and continuing for 12 weeks post-discharge in patients ≥60 years hospitalized with ADHF. The primary purpose was to assess the feasibility and reasonableness of the hypothesis that the novel rehabilitation intervention would improve physical function (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]) over 3 months and reduce all-cause rehospitalizations over 6 months. Results The study enrolled 27 patients with ADHF (ages 60 to 98 years; 59% women; 56% African American; 41% with preserved ejection fraction [≥45%]). At baseline, participants had marked impairments in physical function, multiple comorbidities, and frailty. Study retention (89%) and intervention adherence (93%) were excellent. At 3 months, an intervention effect size was measured for the SPPB score of +1.1 U (7.4 ± 0.5 U vs. 6.3 ± 0.5 U), and at 6 months an effect size was observed for an all-cause rehospitalization rate of −0.48 (1.16 ± 0.35 vs. 1.64 ± 0.39). The change in SPPB score was strongly related to all-cause rehospitalizations, explaining 91% of change. Conclusions These findings support the feasibility and rationale for a recently launched, National Institutes of Health–funded trial to test the safety and efficacy of this novel multidomain physical rehabilitation intervention to improve physical function and reduce rehospitalizations in older, frail patients with ADHF with multiple comorbidities. (Rehabilitation and Exercise Training After Hospitalization [REHAB-HF]; NCT01508650; A Trial of Rehabilitation Therapy in Older Acute Heart Failure Patients [REHAB-HF]; NCT02196038)
Sequences of Random Variables

One of the great ideas in data analysis is to base probability statements on large-sample approximations, which are often easy to obtain either analytically or numerically.
Area- and Thickness-Dependent Biexciton Auger Recombination in Colloidal CdSe Nanoplatelets: Breaking the “Universal Volume Scaling Law”

Colloidal nanoplatelets (NPLs) have shown great potentials for lasing applications due to their sharp absorption and emission peaks, large absorption cross sections, large radiative decay rates, and long multiexciton lifetimes. How multiexciton lifetimes depend on material dimensions remains unknown in two-dimensional (2D) materials, despite being a key parameter affecting optical gain threshold and many other properties. Herein, we report a study of room-temperature biexciton Auger recombination time of CdSe NPLs as a function of thickness and lateral area. Comparison of all NPLs shows that the biexciton lifetime does not increase linearly with volume, unlike previously reported “universal volume scaling law” for quantum dots. For NPLs of the same thickness (∼1.8 nm), the biexciton lifetime increase linearly with their lateral area (from 143.7 ± 12.6 to 320.1 ± 17.1 ps when the area increases from 90.5 ± 21.4 to 234.2 ± 41.9 nm2). The biexciton lifetime depends linearly on (1/Ek(e))7/2 (Ek(e) is the elec...
β-TrCP1 Is a Vacillatory Regulator of Wnt Signaling

Summary Simultaneous hyperactivation of Wnt and antioxidant response (AR) are often observed during oncogenesis. However, it remains unclear how the β-catenin-driven Wnt and the Nrf2-driven AR mutually regulate each other. The situation is compounded because many players in these two pathways are redox sensors, rendering bolus redox signal-dosing methods uninformative. Herein we examine the ramifications of single-protein target-specific AR upregulation in various knockdown lines. Our data document that Nrf2/AR strongly inhibits β-catenin/Wnt. The magnitude and mechanism of this negative regulation are dependent on the direct interaction between β-catenin N terminus and β-TrCP1 (an antagonist of both Nrf2 and β-catenin), and independent of binding between Nrf2 and β-TrCP1. Intriguingly, β-catenin positively regulates AR. Because AR is a negative regulator of Wnt regardless of β-catenin N terminus, this switch of function is likely sufficient to establish a new Wnt/AR equilibrium during tumorigenesis.
0309 Real-time fine aerosol exposures in taconite mining operations

Recent studies have shown that taconite workers may be at increased risk for mortality from lung cancer, mesothelioma, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The relationship between CVD and occupational dust exposures at these mines has not been well-studied. We conducted an air monitoring campaign to characterise fine aerosol concentrations at 91 locations across six taconite mines using direct-reading instruments to obtain measurements of mass concentrations (PM 2.5 or particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm, and respirable particulate matters or RPM), surface area (SA), particle number (PN), and particle size distributions. We fit a Bayesian model with an AR(1) (autoregressive order 1) correlation structure to estimate exposure while accounting for temporal correlation. The highest estimated geometric means (GMs) were observed in the pelletizing and concentrating departments (pelletizing maintenance, balling drum operator, and concentrator operator) for PM 2.5 and RPM. SA and PN generally had highest GMs in the pelletizing department that processed powder-like particles into iron pellets. Between-location variability estimates were generally higher than within-location, indicating larger differences in exposure levels at different locations between mines. Ranking between PM 2.5 and RPM generally agree with each other, whereas SA and PN were more consistent with each other, with some overlap with PM 2.5 and RPM. Differences in ranking these groups may have potential implication for occupational epidemiological studies that rely on exposure information to detect an exposure-response relationship. Future occupational epidemiological studies investigating fine aerosols exposures and health risk are encouraged to consider multiple metrics to see how they influence health outcomes risk.
If it quacks like a laser and swims like a laser… The physics of free-electron lasers

The X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) has revolutionized X-ray science, enhancing the peak X-ray brightness by ten orders of magnitude. XFELs share many properties of conventional lasers, such as high-intensity, transverse coherence and the possibility to generate ultrashort pulses.
Optimizing text for an individual's visual system: The contribution of visual crowding to reading difficulties

Reading is a complex process that involves low-level visual processing, phonological processing, and higher-level semantic processing. Given that skilled reading requires integrating information among these different systems, it is likely that reading difficulty-known as dyslexia-can emerge from impairments at any stage of the reading circuitry. To understand contributing factors to reading difficulties within individuals, it is necessary to diagnose the function of each component of the reading circuitry. Here, we investigated whether adults with dyslexia who have impairments in visual processing respond to a visual manipulation specifically targeting their impairment. We collected psychophysical measures of visual crowding and tested how each individual's reading performance was affected by increased text-spacing, a manipulation designed to alleviate severe crowding. Critically, we identified a sub-group of individuals with dyslexia showing elevated crowding and found that these individuals read faster when text was rendered with increased letter-, word- and line-spacing. Our findings point to a subtype of dyslexia involving elevated crowding and demonstrate that individuals benefit from interventions personalized to their specific impairments.
Addicted to Incarceration: A Federal Judge Reveals Shocking Truths About Federal Sentencing and Fleeting Hopes for Reform

A federal district judge who has sentenced more than 4,000 offenders in multiple districts shares his experience and criticisms of current federal sentencing. The article begins with a history of federal sentencing, then focuses on problems related to mandatory minimum sentencing and application of 21 U.S.C. § 851 prior conviction enhancements in federal drug cases. The next section exposes the myth of empirical federal sentencing guidelines. The final section offers eight specific suggestions for federal sentencing reform.
Diagnosis and management of middle ear osteomas: a case report and literature review.

Osteomas of the middle ear are exceedingly rare benign neoplasms. To date, 16 cases have been reported in the literature, the vast majority of which appear as middle ear masses in young males with a progressive conductive hearing loss. In most patients, the diagnosis is confirmed by computed tomography (CT) or at the time of surgical exploration. Although these lesions have been described as slow-growing, no long-term follow-up has been reported. We present the seventeenth case of a middle ear osteoma in a 33-year-old man who remains asymptomatic and wthout evidence of tumor growth after nine years of follow-up. We suggest that asymptomatic middle ear osteomas can be appropriately managed without removal in a select group of patients.
3D-Printed Carbon Electrodes for Neurotransmitter Detection.

Implantable neural microsensors have significantly advanced neuroscience research, but the geometry of most probes is limited by the fabrication methods. Therefore, new methods are needed for batch-manufacturing with high reproducibility. Herein, a novel method is developed using two-photon nanolithography followed by pyrolysis for fabrication of free-standing microelectrodes with a carbon electroactive surface. 3D-printed spherical and conical electrodes were characterized with slow scan cyclic voltammetry (CV). With fast-scan CV, the electrodes showed low dopamine LODs of 11±1 nm (sphere) and 10±2 nm (cone), high sensitivity to multiple neurochemicals, and high reproducibility. Spherical microelectrodes were used to detect dopamine in a brain slice and in vivo, demonstrating they are robust enough for tissue implantation. This work is the first demonstration of 3D-printing of free-standing carbon electrodes; and the method is promising for batch fabrication of customized, implantable neural sensors.
Toward Revealing Protein Function: Identifying Biologically Relevant Clusters With Graph Spectral Methods

Abstract Protein tertiary structure determines protein function and is itself determined by the DNA sequence of the gene encoding the protein. However, the relationship between a gene’s DNA sequence and the corresponding protein’s tertiary structure is imperfectly understood. Spectral clustering has been used to address our understanding of this relationship. Spectral clustering is a graph partitioning algorithm derived from the Laplacian matrix of a network, which mathematically is often called a graph. The spectral clustering technique partitions a given data set into smaller different clusters based on some specific properties. Data sets within a cluster have more similarities than the data sets between clusters. Recently this method gained popularity for its simple implementation and efficient performance. In this chapter, we use spectral clustering methods to investigate and compare protein tertiary structures. This chapter provides insights into evolutionary relationships of protein functions.
Two new egg parasites of South African walking sticks and notes on two previously described species (Hymenoptera:Chrysididae, Amiseginae).

A new genus, Leptosega, is descriptionbed for L gracilis sp. nov. from Zululand. A new species, Reidia capensis, is descriptionbed from Cape Province. Alieniscus arnoldi Benoit and A. rnatilloides Krombein are newly recorded from Botswana and Mozambique respectively, and the previously unknown male of the latter is descriptionbed.
Safety and Efficacy of Transcatheter Administration of Tissue Plasminogen Activating Factor as Adjuvant Therapy for Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Objective Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of disability. Hemorrhagic stroke has higher risks of mortality and neurologic deficit. Higher still, acute intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) has mortality between 50% and 80% while complicating subarachnoid hemorrhage in 15% of cases and intracerebral hemorrhage in 40% of cases. We sought to demonstrate that early adjuvant intraventricular recombinant tissue plasminogen activating factor (rt-PA) improved outcomes. Methods Retrospective chart review was performed on patients aged 18-95 years with external ventricular drain (EVD) and intraventricular rt-PA for clot evacuation in IVH between 2005 and 2015. In total, 22 patients met the inclusion criteria. Generalized linear modeling was performed with factorial analysis using the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on arrival, GCS at EVD placement, EVD day of onset of rt-PA administration, GCS at onset of rt-PA administration, total duration of EVD, necessity of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, occurrence of ventriculitis, day of ventriculitis, GCS after rt-PA, length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU), and hospital disposition. Results Presenting GCS affected LOS significantly. Ventriculitis only significantly affected ICU LOS. GCS after rt-PA only significantly affected discharge GCS. EVD day of rt-PA protocol commencement demonstrated significant effects on EVD duration and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion requirement. Age affected ICU and hospital LOS. Conclusion These findings argue for larger prospective trials of EVD day two rt-PA protocol inception in acute IVH. Reported ventriculitis rates with EVDs are 8.8%, while we demonstrated a rate of 18% without significant effects except in ICU LOS. Transcatheter intraventricular rt-PA is safe and effective as an adjuvant in acute spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage with the greatest benefit of rt-PA protocol at EVD day two.
Fritz Rohrer (1888–1926), a pioneer in pulmonary mechanics whose work was inexplicably ignored for about 30 years

Fritz Rohrer (1888–1926) has a special place in the history of respiratory physiology for two reasons. The first is that he laid the foundations of modern pulmonary mechanics in the early 1900s. Fo...
Uma teoria histórico-materialista da retórica

O objetivo deste ensaio e desenvolver uma teoria retorica da ideologia que possa fornecer um paradigma unificador para a analise da comunicacao publica, da teoria retorica e da tecnologia de comunicacao. Antes, irei discutir o conceito de ideologia no marxismo classico e o papel da teoria da hegemonia de Gramsci na resolucao de alguns problemas no conceito classico. E, em seguida, irei propor um modelo de retorica concernente ao seu papel na mediacao da estrutura e da acao.
Synthesis of Powders and Thin Films by Laser Induced Gas Phase Reactions

Laser induced gas phase reactions have been used to produce highly controlled powder and thin film reaction products. Powders of Si, Si3N4 and SiC exhibit presumed ideal characteristics for consolidation into dense ceramic parts. Individual powder characteristics can be manipulated with this process while being highly efficient in terms of materials utilization and energy consumption. The CVD process permits physical, electronic and crystallographic properties to be controlled. Resulting amorphous Si films exhibit superior properties.
Predicting Brain Functional Connectivity Using Mobile Sensing

Brain circuit functioning and connectivity between specific regions allow us to learn, remember, recognize and think as humans. In this paper, we ask the question if mobile sensing from phones can predict brain functional connectivity. We study the brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the amygdala, which has been shown by neuroscientists to be associated with mental illness such as anxiety and depression. We discuss initial results and insights from the NeuroSence study, an exploratory study of 105 first year college students using neuroimaging and mobile sensing across one semester. We observe correlations between several behavioral features from students' mobile phones and connectivity between vmPFC and amygdala, including conversation duration (r=0.365, p
Influence of preoperative psychotropic medications on opioid requirements and outcomes following bariatric surgery.

Abstract Introduction Opioid use continues to impose a substantial burden on the healthcare system. Multiple studies suggest that depression and psychosis increase the risk of chronic opioid use. We hypothesized that patients’ pharmacologic profiles would affect postoperative opioid requirements following bariatric surgery. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis identified patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery at a high-volume center from 2014 to 2016. Prescriptions from one year prior through 3 months after surgery were collected. Patients with complicated operative courses were excluded. Results A total of 201 patients met inclusion criteria. Forty-six patients(23%) required an opioid refill within 3 months of surgery. Opioid exposure was strongly associated with need for repeat opioid prescription(OR 3.1, p = 0.001). When controlled for preoperative opioid exposure, antidepressant and antipsychotic use showed no such association. Patients using antipsychotics were significantly more likely to have complicated postoperative courses(OR 2.25, p = 0.043). Conclusions Opioid exposure increased the risk of chronic opioid requirements after surgery, but other psychotropic medications showed no such effect. Patients using anti-psychotics may be prone to surgical complications making them vulnerable to chronic opioid use.
Energy of the quasi-free electron in supercritical argon near the critical point

Field ionization of high-n CH3I Rydberg states doped into argon is presented as a function of argon number density along the critical isotherm. These data exhibit a decrease in the argon induced shift of the dopant ionization energy near the critical point. We show that this decrease is due to the interaction between argon and the quasi-free electron arising from field ionization of the dopant. The energy of the quasi-free electron in argon near the critical point is calculated in a local Wigner–Seitz model containing no adjustable parameters to within ±0.2% of experiment.
9 – Design examples

Six numerical examples are provided to illustrate the design procedures recommended, as well as two additional examples of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) procedure for strengthening columns for comparison. Examples include: flexural strengthening of a reinforced concrete girder, flexural strengthening of prestressed concrete girder, shear strengthening with two-sided wrap, shear strengthening with U-wrap, axial strengthening of a confined circular column, and axial strengthening of a confined square column.
An introduction to conflict, politics, and the Christian East: towards a theoretical typology

This introduction to a collection of five studies focusing on church-state relations in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) provides a theoretical typology through which to view the complex and...
Divine restraint: An experimental analysis of religious preference and intertemporal discounting

Abstract The propensity to delay gratification, measured by the discount rate, is associated with a variety of positive outcomes including higher rates of education and savings, as well as lower rates of poverty or addiction. There is a significant literature which supports a linkage between religion and self-regulation. We use an online experimental approach to test the influence of religious salience on intertemporal discount rates. The experiment used both real and hypothetical rewards in its design. Using a large sample, we are able to test the impact of religious primes across a variety of religious traditions as well as the non-religious. Contrary to previous studies, we do not find evidence that increased religious salience increases observed discount rates. Furthermore, we find no significant difference in the impact of religious salience across religious groups.
Does the Adoption of a Business Risk Audit Approach Change Internal Control Documentation and Testing Practices

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the adoption of a business risk audit approach on internal control documentation and testing. Data were collected from senior auditors before and after a change to a new business risk approach to determine if auditors’ preferred internal control documentation format, as well as the number of formats commonly used, had changed. In addition, corroborating data were collected from 23 experienced managers and partners regarding preferred documentation format and extent of control testing and reasons for changes in control evaluation and testing approaches. The results suggest that auditors use narratives significantly more often and rely on other formats significantly less than previously. In addition, results indicate that the primary reason auditors choose to rely on narratives is to enhance audit efficiency, and second, because the flexibility of this format works well with the new audit approach adopted. These findings have implications for audit effectiveness, since recent research suggests that significant internal control deficiencies may be overlooked if auditors rely on a single format. Finally, auditors indicated that the frequency of testing of controls has significantly increased as a result of the enhanced audit focus on business processes.
Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin does not improve hypoxic pulmonary hypertension-induced right heart failure in old mice

Inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by rapamycin attenuates heart failure (HF) and age-associated changes in left ventricular (LV) function. Rapamycin has also been suggested as a therapy for pulmonary hypertension (PH) and concomitant right heart failure (PH-RHF) based on reports of elevated mTOR signaling in young models with PH. However, rapamycin has yet to be tested in the setting of aging, PH, and right heart disease despite the fact that RV function predicts survival in both age-related HF as well as several pulmonary disease states including PH. Thus we tested the hypothesis that rapamycin treatment would attenuate hypoxic PH-RHF in old mice using a mouse model of hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced PH and right ventricular (RV) remodeling. Exposure to HH resulted in significant loss of body weight which was exacerbated by rapamycin. HH elevated lung and RV weight, RV wall thickness as well as RV systolic dysfunction as evidenced by RV stroke volume and cardiac output. While rapamycin rescued pulmonary artery acceleration time in males, it generally did not improve other indexes cardiopulmonary remodeling or function. As expected, HH induced expression of hypoxia-regulated genes in the RV and the lungs; however, this transcriptional activation was attenuated by rapamycin, representing a potential mechanism by which rapamycin is detrimental in the aged RV in the setting of chronic hypoxia. Together, we demonstrate that rapamycin is not a viable therapeutic in hypoxic PH in old mice, likely due to exacerbated loss of body weight in this setting. We suggest that future efforts should take into consideration the differences between the RV and LV and the interaction between mTOR and hypoxia in the setting of age-related disease.
Do Stock Prices Influence Analysts' Earnings Forecasts?

ABSTRACT: This study uses an experiment with professional financial analysts to examine whether stock prices influence analysts' earnings forecasts. The findings indicate that analysts' revised forecasts made in response to a management earnings forecast differ depending on the level of uncertainty communicated by management's guidance and the stock price reaction to it. Lower (higher) stock price leads to lower (higher) analysts' forecasts when uncertainty about future earnings is high, but not when uncertainty about future earnings is low. Overall, the evidence suggests that the documented association between prior security returns and analysts' earnings forecasts is due, at least in part, to the influence of stock price on analysts' earnings forecasts. Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Clinical Outcomes of the Traditional Latarjet Versus the Congruent Arc Modification for the Treatment of Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability: A Meta-analysis.

Background:Few studies have compared clinical outcomes between the traditional Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability and the congruent arc modification to the Latarjet procedure.Purp...
Chapter 40 – Autoantibody-based and drug facts

Publisher Summary This chapter describes warm autoantibodies with activity against various blood group antigens. Antibodies to several drugs have been discussed. The generic names of drugs and their associated names are provided in a tabulated form. Some of these drugs include erythromycin, hydroxyzine, penicillin V, thiopental, and tolmetin. Autoantibody production, drug adsorption, membrane alteration, and the immune complex mechanisms have been implicated in causing a positive direct antiglobulin test and in some cases of in vivo hemolysis. Because some drugs react by more than one mechanism it is difficult to categorize them.
Focus on thrombosis : Applying management guidelines in clinical practice.

The goal of clinical practice is to provide optimal patient care uniformly, regardless of whether service is rendered in an ambulatory or hospital setting, community hospital or tertiary care institution, urban or suburban facility. Although there are many components that collectively define the steps required to achieve this important objective, a central theme is the application of evidence-based management strategies. Guidelines developed by large national or international governing bodies that represent the collective efforts or scientists, clinician-scientists and practicing clinicians summarize current knowledge derived from randomized clinical trials, large-scale registries and expert opinion, ultimately serving as a template for high-level, consistent patient care and an educational tool for training health-care professionals. The guidelines also provide a metric that can be employed by medical groups, community practices and academic institutions for continuous quality improvement, as well as national healthcare systems and third party payers who acknowledge the importance and costeffectiveness of evidence-based patient care. This three-part Editors page ‘‘Focus on Thrombosis’’ summarizes, in an abbreviated format, published guidelines for (1) Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy developed by a specialized panel convened under the auspices of the American College of Chest Physicians [1]; (2) Management of Patients with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction drafted by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines [2]; and (3) Management of Atrial Fibrillation constructed by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association [3]. Our readers are encouraged to review the original published documents (also available on http://www.accp.org; http://www.acc.org; http://www.americanheart.org) and also submit their comments to: Richard C. Becker, MD—Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis.
Evolutionary Design of a Helicopter Autopilot

This paper presents an evolutionary design method for fuzzy logic controllers, which is based on a self-organizing process that learns the appropriate relationship between control input and output. Our approach employs an evolution strategy that operates on vectors of real numbers which correspond to the gain factors in the conclusion part of fuzzy rules. An incremental learning scheme gradually expands the genome and thereby refines the fuzzy knowledge base that acquires additional fuzzy rules.
Skimming newspaper stories by computer

Abstract : This report describes a program that takes a novel approach to understanding natural language. it domain is newspaper articles and it is unique in that it skims the stories rather than reading them carefully. The program is able to understand the important facts in an article while ignoring the less important text. (Author)
Unexplained Differences in the FDI Receipts of Middle East and North Africa

In this paper, we investigate the impact of regional stereotyping on inward-FDI by introducing well known elements of economics of race and gender in the labor market.We use the Oaxaca decomposition to explore dierences in FDI in‡ows between developing regions of the world. Our analysis spanning 94 developing countries from 6 dierent regions of the world over the years 1990-2002 shows there are ongoing and signi…cant regional dierences in the FDI ‡ows, even after controlling for well know determinants of FDI location choice. The MENA region exhibits unexplained, adverse dierences compared to all other regions except for Sub-Saharan Africa.
Cosine radial basis function neural networks

This paper introduces a new family of reformulated radial basis function (RBF) neural networks, which are referred to as cosine RBFs. These RBF models are developed by relaying upon an axiomatic approach proposed for constructing reformulated RBF neural networks suitable for gradient descent learning. This approach reduces the search for RBF models to the selection of admissible generator functions. Cosine RBF models are constructed by linear generator functions of a special form. A set of experiments on two data sets indicate that cosine RBFs outperform considerably conventional RBF neural networks with Gaussian radial basis functions. Cosine RBFs are also strong competitors to existing reformulated RBF models trained by gradient descent and conventional feedforward neural networks with sigmoid hidden units.
Enhancement of TBP binding by activators and general transcription factors

Eukaryotic transcriptional activators function, at least in part, by promoting assembly of the preinitiation complex1,2,3, which comprises RNA polymerase II and its general transcription factors (GTFs). Activator-mediated stimulation of the assembly of the preinitiation complex has been studied in vitro but has been relatively refractory to in vivo analysis. Here we use a DNA-crosslinking/immunoprecipitation assay to study in living cells the first step in the assembly of the preinitiation complex, the interaction between the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP) and its binding site, the TATA box. Analysis of a variety of endogenous yeast genes, and of a series of activators of differing strength, reveals a general correlation between TBP binding and transcriptional activity. Using mutant yeast strains, we show that Mot1 prevents the binding of TBP to inactive promoters and that activator-mediated stimulation of TBP binding requires additional GTFs, including TFIIB and Srb4. Taken together, our results indicate that TBP binding in vivo is stringently controlled, and that the ability of activators to stimulate this step in the assembly of the preinitiation complex is a highly cooperative process involving multiple transcription factors.
Localization of the placenta with intravenous aortography.

Abstract In summary, we have outlined a simple, safe, inexpensive method for obtaining localization of the placenta with a minimum of special equipment and a high degree of precise accuracy. It is noted that modifications of this technique may have application to investigation and diagnosis of pelvic conditions other than possible placenta previa.
Chaos in a Chua system with order less than two

The conventional understanding of order holds that the order of a system is the degree of its highest order derivative. This paper presents a system whose order is less than two which exhibits chaotic characteristics. Specifically, a fractional-order Chua system of order 1.9 is shown to undergo period doubling bifurcation and eventually displays a double scroll attractor. The chaotic behavior is predicted theoretically, and then demonstrated through simulation.
Conformational rearrangement within the soluble domains of the CD4 receptor is ligand specific

Ligand binding induces shape changes within the four modular ectodomains (D1–D4) of the CD4 receptor, an important receptor in immune signaling. Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) on both a two-domain and a four-domain construct of the soluble CD4 (sCD4) is consistent with known crystal structures demonstrating a bilobal and a semi-extended tetralobal Z conformation in solution, respectively. Detection of conformational changes within sCD4 as a result of ligand binding was followed by SAXS on sCD4 bound to two different glycoprotein ligands: the tick saliva immunosuppressor Salp15 and the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120. Ab initio modeling of these data showed that both Salp15 and gp120 bind to the D1 domain of sCD4 and yet induce drastically different structural rearrangements. Upon binding, Salp15 primarily distorts the characteristic lobal architecture of the sCD4 without significantly altering the semi-extended shape of the sCD4 receptor. In sharp contrast, the interaction of gp120 with sCD4 induces a shape change within sCD4 that can be described as a Z-to-U bi-fold closure of the four domains across its flexible D2–D3 linker. Placement of known crystal structures within the boundaries of the SAXS-derived models suggests that the ligand-induced shape changes could be a result of conformational changes within this D2–D3 linker. Functionally, the observed shape changes in CD4 receptor causes dissociation of lymphocyte kinase from the cytoplasmic domain of Salp15-bound CD4 and facilitates an interaction between the exposed V3 loops of CD4-bound gp120 molecule to the extracellular loops of its co-receptor, a step essential for HIV-1 viral entry.
The Influence of Gestational Age on the Ability of the Fetus to Pass Meconium in Utero: Clinical implications

(1982). The Influence of Gestational Age on the Ability of the Fetus to Pass Meconium in Utero: Clinical implications. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica: Vol. 61, No. 3, pp. 275-277.
Piezoresistive Cement-Based Materials for Strain Sensing

Cement-based materials that exhibit piezoresistivity with sufficient magnitude and reversibility contain electrically conductive fibers. The phenomenon allows the materials to sense their own strain. The fibers are preferably discontinuous. Carbon fibers (15 mm diameter) are most effective. Steel fibers (8 mm diameter) are less effective. Carbon filaments (0.1 mm diameter) are ineffective. The piezoresistive behavior, mechanism and materials are reviewed, including cement-based materials with continuous and discontinuous fibers.
Available potential energy of Gulf Stream rings

Abstract Two cyclonic ring-eddies observed in the southern Sargasso Sea are described briefly and compared with two well-studied rings located near the source region. A decay rate for these features based on consideration of loss of available potential energy is postulated. Some implications of observed ring behavior for the flow and dynamics of the western Sargasso Sea are discussed.
Question Order and Fair Play: Evidence of Even-Handedness in Rural Surveys1

The norm of even-handedness is a question-order effect known to occur in face-to-face interviews when respondents favor one of two complementary or competing opinion questions, both written at the same level of specificity. After defining and illustrating the concept, evidence of even-handedness in opinion questions is explored in a Montana mail survey and in recall of recent behavior in Iowa telephone interviews. The Montana survey provides evidence of education effects that are not consistent with previous theories of cognitive sophistication, suggesting that future research must consider the interaction between substantive issues and cognitive processes. The Iowa poll provides evidence that respondents' recall of their recent behaviors and the behaviors of their partner also are subject to context effects. This poll also provides evidence that even-handedness operates independently of social desirablity, especially among women.
Asymmetric catalysis route to anti,anti stereotriads, illustrated by applications.

A short sequence based on asymmetric catalysis, chirality transfer, and an optimized carbometallation protocol gave an anti,anti stereotriad building block in six steps. Both enantiomers of the chirality source, N-methyl ephedrine, are inexpensive, and the auxiliary is recoverable. In one chiral series, the building block was converted to the “B-2” intermediate in Miyashita's synthesis of scytophycin C; in the enantiomeric series, it was converted to a key intermediate for aplyronine A and to the polyketide “cap” for the callipeltins.
Effects of hydrogen bonding in the calculation of 15N chemical shift tensors: Benzamide

In this communication we present new quantum chemical calculations including the hydrogen bond (HB) interactions that explain the experimental measurements of the {sup 15}N chemical shifts principal values in benzamide and provide a basis for the spatial assignment of the experimental principal components. The results presented in this communication highlight the importance of including HB and, in general, intermolecular interactions in the calculation on {sup 15}N chemical shifts tensors. The findings presented here are not limited to benzamide, but are a general feature in the calculation of {sup 15}N chemical shift tensors. The extreme sensitivity observed in the tensor components from HB indicates that the study of {sup 15}N tensor components may be used to complement the determination of the tertiary structures of molecules of biological significance in solid state samples and/or in frozen solutions. It is well-known that the HB is the principal governing factor in the tertiary structure of biomolecules; therefore the extremely high sensitivity of the {sup 15}N tensor components to these interactions makes {sup 15}N tensors premier indicators of biomolecular structure and portends high value for these NMR methods. Finally, due to the high sensitivity and specificity of tensors, this work emphasizes some of the advantagesmore » of measuring tensor components instead of the traditional isotropic values. 15 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.« less
Linking Project Team Performance with Team Health

AbstractThe effectiveness of using teams to improve an organization's performance has been well documented in both the public and private sectors. Typically, however, an assessment of how well a team is functioning is based solely upon external quantitative measures such as the number of customers served, the number of defective units produced, and other cost, schedule, and performance numbers. While these traditional measures are important to management's assessment of a team's performance, they do not give a complete picture of the team's overall long-term performance potential. In this article, the internal “team health” of a team is defined and postulated to have an impact on the team's long-term performance. Current research is documented that seeks to determine if a positive relationship exists between a team's health and its performance.
Separation of FTC-ester enantiomers using a simulated moving bed

A simulated moving bed (SMB) process has been developed for the resolution of racemic mixtures of cis-(±)-FTC-ester, a precursor of a potential anti-HIV drug. Chiralpak AD was chosen as the stationary phase and methanol as the mobile phase for this study. The nonlinear standing wave design method was used to determine the zone flow rates and step times of the SMB process. Computer simulations and several laboratory-scale SMB experiments were conducted to test the proposed SMB processes. Extracolumn dead volume (DV) had significant effects on the performance of the laboratory-scale SMB with small columns (10 × 1 cm). Nonuniformly distributed DV was considered in the design and simulations. Different pump arrangements were investigated to reduce the DV effects. High purity (99.8%, or 99.6% e.e.) and high yield (98.9%) were achieved in the SMB experiments. If mass-transfer effects were ignored in the design, the yield would have been lower than 93%.
Magnesium Deficiency Inhibits Biosynthesis of Blood Glutathione and Tumor Growth in the Rat

Previously we found that blood glutathione (GSH) levels increase in response to tumor growth in the rat and that this increase is not prevented with zinc deficiency. We also found that zinc deficiency which inhibited tumor growth did not prevent this increase in blood GSH. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of another nutritional modification, namely magnesium deficiency, on blood GSH status and on tumor growth. Magnesium was selected because it is an obligatory cofactor in GSH synthesis and in all biosynthetic reactions involving ATP. To this end, magnesium- and zinc-deficient rats with and without tumors were compared to pair-fed control rats with and without tumors. After 32 days of depletion, the rats were killed, and blood samples were analyzed for nonprotein sulfhydryls (SH) and specifically for GSH. The key finding was that in magnesium-deficient rats with or without tumors, blood GSH levels were low and SH levels were normal indicating a decrease in GSH biosynthesis. In contrast, zinc deficiency affected SH and GSH in parallel. Thus, these two deficiencies must act by different mechanisms. The zinc data verified our earlier results obtained with a different tumor type and rat strain, for blood GSH levels increased in tumor-bearing rats fed control diets, and zinc deficiency did not prevent this increase. Depletion of magnesium or zinc was equally effective in inhibiting tumor growth. These results provide in vivo evidence of a magnesium requirement for GSH biosynthesis in rat erythrocytes. Further, the results suggest that magnesium deficiency may inhibit tumor growth by limiting GSH synthesis from SH precursors.