cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A robot test-bed for assistance and assessment in physical therapy

This paper describes an experimental test-bed that was developed to assist and assess rehabilitation during physical and occupational therapy. A PUMA 260 robot was used with a controller and interface software developed in-house. The robot is designed to operate in two modes: (1) passive and (2) active. In the passive mode, the robot moves the subject's arm through specified paths. In the active mode, a subject guides the robot along a predefined path overcoming specified joint stiffness. In this mode, the controller compensates for gravity so that the robot can support its own weight in an arbitrary configuration. The developed graphical interface enables display of the current configuration of the robot in real-time, and allows us to customize experiments for a subject, and collect force and position data during an experiment. The results of a preliminary study with healthy subjects using this test-bed are also presented along with issues involved in the choice of paths and interpretation of the results.
Wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 1.4 µm for measurements of H2O and temperature in high-pressure and -temperature gases

The development, validation and demonstration of a two-color tunable diode laser (TDL) absorption sensor for measurements of temperature and H2O in high-pressure and high-temperature gases are presented. This sensor uses first-harmonic-normalized wavelength-modulation spectroscopy with second-harmonic detection (WMS-2f/1f) to account for non-absorbing transmission losses and emission encountered in harsh, high-pressure environments. Two telecommunications-grade TDLs were used to probe H2O absorption transitions near 1391.7 and 1469.3 nm. The lasers were frequency-multiplexed and modulated at 160 and 200 kHz to enable a measurement bandwidth up to 30 kHz along a single line-of-sight. In addition, accurate measurements are enabled at extreme conditions via an experimentally derived spectroscopic database. This sensor was validated under low-absorbance (<0.05) conditions in shock-heated H2O–N2 mixtures at temperatures and pressures from 700 to 2400 K and 2 to 25 atm. There, this sensor recovered the known temperature and H2O mole fraction with a nominal accuracy of 2.8% and 4.7% RMS, respectively. Lastly, this sensor resolved expected transients with high bandwidth and high precision in a reactive shock tube experiment and a pulse detonation combustor.
High-pressure studies of melamine

We performed the first high-pressure study of melamine using X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS) up to ∼17 GPa in a diamond anvil cell at ambient temperature. We utilized the 16 ID-D undulator beamline at the Advanced Photon Source for the X-ray source. The observed diminishment of the 1s→π* peak as well as other changes in the XRS spectra with pressure suggest the possibility of intra- and inter-molecular bonding changes due to two phase changes in the investigated pressure range or hybridization changes of atomic orbitals in the material with pressure. We also performed a complementary X-ray powder diffraction study of neat melamine up to 24 GPa observing at least two phase transitions with pressure. Pressure cycling indicated that the phase transitions were reversible. Density-functional theory calculations performed on the system at ambient and low pressure show a high level of agreement with the experiments.
BUMBLE BEE POLLINATION AND FLORAL MORPHOLOGY: FACTORS INFLUENCING POLLEN DISPERSAL IN THE ALPINE SKY PILOT, POLEMONIUM VISCOSUM (POLEMONIACEAE)

Pollen dispersal success in entomophilous plants is influenced by the amount of pollen produced per flower, the fraction of pollen that is exported to other flowers during a pollinator visit, visitation frequency, and the complementarity between pollen donor and recipients. For bumble bee-pollinated Polemonium viscosum the first three determinants of male function are correlated with morphometric floral traits. Pollen production is positively related to corolla and style length, whereas pollen removal per visit by bumble bee pollinators is a positive function of corolla flare. Larger-flowered plants receive more bumble bee visits than small-flowered individuals. We found no evidence of tradeoffs between pollen export efficiency and per visit accumulation of outcross pollen; each was influenced by unique aspects of flower morphology. Individual queen bumble bees ofthe principal pollinator species, Bombus kirbyellus, were similar in male, female, and absolute measures of pollination effectiveness. An estimated 2.9% of the pollen that bumble bees removed from flowers during a foraging bout was, on average, deposited on stigmas of compatible recipients. Significant plant-to-plant differences in pollen production, pollen export per visit, and outcross pollen receipt were found for co-occurring individuals of P. viscosum indicating that variation in these fitness related traits can be seen by pollinator-
Digastric transposition for unilateral lower lip weakness after injury to the marginal mandibular nerve

Lower-lip dysfunction creates functional and cosmetic issues for patients. The loss of the depressor vector is especially noticeable during laughter and open-mouth smiling. Although a variety of options exist for improving this deficit, most patients are not offered any surgical therapy. The digastric muscle transposition, popularized by Conley, remains a valuable procedure for this deficit.
Application of Sex-selected Semen in Heifer Development and Breeding Programs

The only practicable method for sexing mammalian sperm is by measuring DNA content with a flow cytometer/cell sorter. Although many other methods have been tried and patented, they either are inaccurate, damage sperm severely, or otherwise are unsuitable for practical application. Procedures for sexing sperm damage them slightly, and fewer sperm are packaged per straw than with unsexed semen. These 2 characteristics result in lower fertility with sexed than unsexed semen. Incremental improvements of current sexing procedures are being developed constantly.
Risk factors for malignancy in adult tonsils

Background. Tonsillectomy in adults (age 18 years and older) is performed for a variety of conditions. The palatine tonsils may harbor carcinoma or lymphoma, and this potentially unanticipated finding may follow routine tonsillectomy in the adult. The ability to preoperatively identify adult tonsillectomy patients at increased risk for tonsillar malignancy could sensitize the clinician to this possibility and the potential need for expedited rather than routine tonsillectomy scheduling. Methods. A retrospective review of 476 consecutive adult patients who underwent tonsillectomy during the last 10 years at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics was undertaken. Proposed risk factors for tonsillar malignancy included a prior history of head and neck cancer, tonsillar asymmetry, palpable firmness or visible lesion in the tonsil, neck mass, unexplained weight loss, and unexplained constitutional symptoms. These risk factors were correlated with the pathologic diagnosis in the reviewed cases. Results. Of these 476 patients, 25 had malignant tonsil pathology. No patient without risk factors was found to have malignancy on pathologic evaluation of the tonsils. Of the 25 patients with malignant tonsillar pathology, 23 had two or more risk factors, and 2 patients had one risk factor. Tonsillar asymmetry, found in 20 of the 25 cases, was the risk factor most frequently associated with malignant pathology. Conclusions. These results indicate that the presence of certain preoperativly identifiable risk factors are associated with the pathologic finding of malignancy in adult tonsillectomy specimens. Based on these criteria, a model which is predictive of the presence of tonsil malignancy may be constructed.
Recombinant human VEGF treatment enhances alveolarization after hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal rats

VEGF signaling inhibition decreases alveolar and vessel growth in the developing lung, suggesting that impaired VEGF signaling may contribute to decreased lung growth in bronchopulmonary dysplasia ...
Field water relations of a compass plant, Lactuca serriola L.

Abstract Field water relations of Lactuca serriola serriola and L. serriola integrifolia were examined. Leaf conductance to water vapour was high early in the morning and declined rapidly during the midday hours. Leaf water potentials decreased to their minima early in the morning and remained low all day. Afternoon recovery of leaf conductance occurred occasionally. Leaf conductance was shown to have a linear response to vapour concentration difference. No differences were seen between L. serriola serriola and L. serriola integrifolia. The pattern of diurnal gas-exchange activity appeared to be complemented by the pattern of intercepted solar irradiance which results from the compass plant leaf orientation observed in L. serriola.
MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE OF ROCKFISH (Sebastes miniatus) AND SILVER SALMON (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Rockfish (Sebastes miniatus) fillets and salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) steaks were held in atmospheres containing 20% or 40% carbon dioxide, with or without 1% carbon monoxide. Controls were stored similarly in air. At intervals of refrigerated storage up to 14 days, samples were removed for sensory, chemical, and microbiological analyses. At 7 days, all treatment groups were significantly different visually, with appearance of slime on the air controls, but not on samples in the gas treatments. Samples held in air were judged by panelists to have stronger aromas than others held under carbon dioxide at either level. The higher level of carbon dioxide was more effective. Values for thiobarbituric acid were low in all groups; hypoxanthine values varied widely, with no particular effect due to modified atmospheres. Storage under carbon dioxide was effective in reducing the formation of trimethylamine and ammonia, and markedly inhibited microbial growth.
New distribution records for Cassidinae gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Range extensions are provided for four Neotropical tortoise beetle species. A new host plant for a potentially new species of Delocrania Guerin-Meneville is also provided.
Process integration of 3D stacking for backside illuminated image sensor

In this research, a backside illuminated CMOS image sensor (BSI-CIS) without through-silicon via and TSV based Si interposer are developed with thin wafer handling technology. The BSI-CIS wafer is implemented front-side processes then temporary bonded on a Si carrier by using ZoneBOND™ technology. After thinning, the CIS backside is bonded with glass wafer, and the Si carrier is removed using solvent dipping for de-bonding. The thickness of BSI-CIS without TSV is less than 5um, which is visible light transparent to meet the back-side illumination requirement. TSV fabrication, void-free TSV filling, bumping, wafer thinning, thin wafer handling and backside RDL formation are well developed and 30um TSV, 60um thin wafer have been successfully integrated to Si interposer. Cu/Sn bumps with 50µm size are formed with the bump height uniformity less than 5% in wafer level. The wafer-level package of BSI-CIS and TSV based Si interposer have been successfully developed and demonstrated, the characterization results of three layer stacked module is also disclosed in the paper.
Backbone and side-chain 1H, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments of Norwalk virus protease

Norovirus protease cleaves the virus-encoded polyprotein into six mature nonstructural proteins, presenting itself as an essential enzyme for the viral replication as well as an attractive target for the antiviral drug development. A deeper understanding of the structural mechanism of the protease-substrates/inhibitors interactions by means of solution NMR methods would facilitate a rational design of the virus protease inhibitor. We here report the backbone and side-chain resonance assignment of the protease from Norwalk virus, which is the prototype strain of norovirus. The assignment data has been deposited in the BMRB database under the accession number 17523.
Oncophenotypic Review and Clinical Correlates of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog on Chromosome 10 Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome

TO THE EDITOR: PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10) hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder encompassing four clinically distinct syndromes caused by germline mutations of the PTEN gene. PTEN is a dual-specificity phosphatase that plays a role as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating the cell-survival signaling pathway initiated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. 1 These syndromes: Cowden syndrome (CS), Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, Proteus syndrome, and Proteus-Like syndrome, are characterized by unregulated cellular proliferation leading to formation of benignhamartomasandmalignancies.BecauseoftherarityofPHTS, data regarding cancer risks in PHTS are limited and mostly based on small series and reports. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who met National Comprehensive Cancer Network criteria for PHTS 2 and who presented to the Mayo Clinic between 1980and2009.Oncopathology,moleculardata,andclinicalinformation for these patients were analyzed. Forty-six patients met the criteria for PHTS. Among these, 40 patients had CS (three with Lhermitte-Duclos disease), and six had Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. Thyroid diseases were most common; there were 27 patients (58%) with benign thyroid conditions including multinodular goiters, thyroid adenomas, and hamartomas.Sevenpatients(15%)hadthyroidneoplasms.Contrarytowhat would be expected on the basis of existing literature, papillary cancers of the thyroid (n 6) were seen more often than follicular cancers
Estimation of image noise in PET using the bootstrap method

The bootstrap method applied to positron emission tomography (PET) data was evaluated as a technique to determine regional image noise in PET. To validate the method, 250 scans (5 min each) of a uniform cylinder filled with /sup 68/Ge was acquired and reconstructed using filtered backprojection (FBP). A single 5-min list mode scan was also acquired. From the list mode data, 250 bootstrap replicates were generated by randomly drawing, with replacement, prompt and random events. In each replicate, the total numbers of prompt and random events were kept identical to the number in the original list mode data set. The 250 individual scans, and the bootstrap replicates, were reconstructed using FBP and ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM). Mean and standard-deviation (SD) images were generated from the reconstructed images. Mean and SD were also calculated in a central region of the image sets. Visual inspection showed no appreciable difference between the SD images derived from the repeated scans and the bootstrap replicates. Profiles through the images, showed no significant difference between image sets. Using an increased number of bootstrap replicates produced less noise in the SD images. Region of interest analysis showed, that the SDs derived from the bootstrap replicates were very close to the ones derived from the repeat scans, independent of reconstruction algorithm. The results indicate that the bootstrap method can accurately estimate regional image noise in PET. This could potentially provide a method to accurately compare image noise in phantom and patient data under various imaging and processing conditions, without the need for repeat scans.
A practical classification-rule for software-quality models

A practical classification rule for a SQ (software quality) model considers the needs of the project to use a model to guide targeting software RE (reliability enhancement) efforts, such as extra reviews early in development. Such a rule is often more useful than alternative rules. This paper discusses several classification rules for SQ models, and recommends a generalized classification rule, where the effectiveness and efficiency of the model for guiding software RE efforts can be explicitly considered. This is the first application of this rule to SQ modeling that we know of. Two case studies illustrate application of the generalized classification rule. A telecommunication-system case-study models membership in the class of fault-prone modules as a function of the number of interfaces to other modules. A military-system case-study models membership in the class of fault-prone modules as a function of a set of process metrics that depict the development history of a module. These case studies are examples where balanced misclassification rates resulted in more useful and practical SQ models than other classification rules.
Adolescents Discriminate between Types of Smokers and Related Risks: Evidence from Nonsmokers

Many studies concerning cigarette smoking and smoking-related outcomes among adolescents use categories such as “casual” or “regular” smoker to define different types of smokers. It is not clear whether adolescents themselves differentiate between different types of smokers. The present study sought to examine whether and how adolescents discriminate between categories of smokers and how these discriminations engender different perceptions of risk attributable to smoking. Five hundred and fifty ninth graders (mean age 14) who reported never smoking tobacco completed a self-administered survey concerning smoking attitudes and beliefs. Adolescents discriminated significantly between nonsmokers, casual smokers, smokers, and addicted smokers, based on both frequency of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked. Addicted smokers were perceived as having the greatest chance of experiencing negative outcomes, followed by the smoker, the casual smoker, and last, the nonsmoker. Finally, adolescents ascribed a fa...
Service social des groupes en contexte multiculturel

Ce court article est un commentaire aux propos de Kenneth L. Chau sur les experiences que vivent les membres des communautes culturelles en Amerique. L'auteure fait ressortir deux aspects de ce vecu, a savoir la couleur et l'adaptation, qui se traduisent, d'une part, par des difficultes tant personnelles que collectives au niveau de l'identite et de l'estime de soi et, d'autre part, par diverses strategies d'adaptation, elles-memes sources de problemes. Pernell reexamine les objectifs du service social des groupes en tenant compte du vecu des communautes ethniques et, par consequent, des particularites qu'implique l'intervention en contexte multiculturel.
Overwintering survivorship of pupae of the mimosa web worm, Homadaula anisocentra (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), in an urban landscape

. 1. Overwintering survivorship of pupae of the mimosa webworm, Homadaula anisocentra Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), was examined in several urban habitats in central Iowa during the winters of 1981–82, 1982–83 and 1983–84. 2. Survivorship and supercooling point temperatures were determined throughout the winters. Corroborative laboratory studies were conducted during the winter of 1982–83. 3. Minimum ambient temperatures that equalled or were below the supercooling point of the insect, at any time, were lethal. 4. Prolonged cold exposure below 0°C and above the supercooling point resulted in high mortality levels. To quantify this relationship, a concept of minimum-temperature exposure was developed by tabulating the number of degrees that the daily minimum temperature was below 0°C for a given sampling period. 5. Some mimosa webworm pupae were found to overwinter in highly protected sites (2.5–5.0°C warmer than the ambient air temperatures) in the urban environment, resulting in less minimum-temperature exposure and reducing the probability of reaching the lethal supercooling point temperature.
Isolated frontal lobe calcification in Sturge-Weber syndrome.

The Sturge-Weber syndrome is a phacomatosis character­ ized by encephalofacial angiomatosis, seizure disorder, and cortical calcification. There are several cases of atypical or incomplete forms of Sturge-Weber syndrome in which the patient presents with a seizure disorder and cortical calcifi­ cation. The cortical calcifications have been described in the occipital, parietal, and temporal areas [1-4]. Our case is unique in that the calcification was isolated to the frontal lobe. Also, the patient did not have a facial angioma. She did present with a seizure disorder. An angiogram revealed ab­ normalities of the superficial cortical veins, and an excisional biopsy of the frontal lobe lesion revealed changes character­ istic of Sturge-Weber syndrome.
Patterns of marine harvest effort in southwestern New Georgia, Solomon Islands : Resource management or optimal foraging?

Numerous researchers in the field of maritime anthropology have accepted the notion that marine tenure institutions are cultural systems designed to conserve marine resources. This idea has attained wide acceptance without the development of an ecological model to account for the occurrence of conservation and/or depletion of resources. In this study, foraging theory is offered as an alternative theoretical framework to examine the diversity of human resource exploitation strategies in coastal ecosystems. The results generated by the foraging models are considered here in relation to their significance in linking ecological evolutionary approaches in anthropology with coastal resource management.
The Dimarellini of Mexico (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) with the Descriptions of Two New Species of Dimarella

The tribe Dimarellini Markl is redefined on the basis of the pretarsal claws; the genera Elachyleon Esben-Petersen and Navasoleon Banks are here assigned to it, while Nobra Navas and Mystroleon Banks are reduced to synonyms of Dimarella Banks. Elachyleon and Dimarella occur in Mexico; these two genera are characterized and keyed, and a key is given to four species of Dimarella , including D. menkei (Sonora, Mexico) and D. psammophila (Veracruz, Mexico). Elachyleon punctipennis Esben-Petersen, previously known from Trinidad and Costa Rica, is recorded from Tampico, Mexico.
IN VITRO SYNTHESIS OF PROGESTERONE BY OVARIES AND ADRENALS OF SNAKES.

SummaryOvaries and adrenals of both Natrix sipedon pictiventris and Coluber c. constrictor synthesized progesterone in vitro from ∗H-16-pregnenolone. Progesterone synthesis by the ovaries and adrenals of Natrix was 3 times that of Coluber.
Strain differences in avoidance learning

Twenty-four Tryon rats, 14 S1 and 10 S3, were given 100 trials in a wheel turn avoidance apparatus. In addition, 3 Ss of each strain were run for 9 more days. The S1 strain showed significantly superior avoidance performance initially and maintained this superiority on subsequent sessions. No evidence of avoidance decrement was found for either strain. These results were interpreted as being consistent with both a CER and a neural perseveration-consolidation explanation.
First-Trimester Ultrasound in Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Ultrasound plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), including molar pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). The initial diagnosis of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is generally made with a markedly elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and an abnormal ultrasound which exhibits the classic snowstorm or grape-like appearance of the hydropic villi. The initial diagnosis of partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) by ultrasound in early pregnancy is less reliable. Overall, ultrasound is 34–57 % sensitive in diagnosing molar pregnancy in the first trimester. The use of transvaginal ultrasound and color Doppler enhances the ability to assess the presence and extent of intrauterine disease in patients with GTN. Ultrasound measurement of uterine artery pulsations is predictive of the need for chemotherapy and may provide an indication of chemosensitivity in the management of patients. Furthermore, ultrasound is useful for the long-term follow-up of patients with GTD who develop abnormal bleeding following treatment to identify persistent disease or arteriovenous malformations. Lastly, ultrasound is essential in evaluating subsequent pregnancies to exclude recurrent GTD.
Parameter Selection for Main Circuit Equipments of Yunnan-Guangdong ±800 kV DC Project

The main circuit parameters of converter station equipments are very inportant for a DC transmission system design as they are the basic factors for performance of the whole system.This article discussed the principle for parameters selecting,and actually selected them for Yunnan-Guangdong ±800 kV DC project,including short-circuit impedance,OLTC steps of converter transformer,smoothing reactor inductance,and parameters of converter valve and control system.Finally,it is emphasized that the rationality of selected parameters should be checked out through calculations on the characteristics of main circuit steady state.
Advance in studies of acute drug toxicity

Traditionally,single dose toxicity studies in animals,programmed in early phase of new drug development,are usually required for any pharmaceuticals intended for human use.International conference on harmonization of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use(ICH) and the guideline M3 discussed the scientific background of the study,and recommended the development strategies and requirements for registration.In recent years,with the share of nonclinical safety studies conducted between companies and the consideration of the 3Rs principles,suggestions in refining the single dose toxicity study were presented.
High density lipoproteins, 1978 -- an overview.

High density lipoproteins (HDL) have come of age. For, years it has been fashionable to study HDL as an approach to understanding lipoprotein structure and lipid binding. Available in abundant amounts from normal human plasma, readily separable into its individual lipid and soluble apolipo-protein components, HDL has provided much information for lipoprotein model building. Suddenly it has been thrust center stage clinically by a host of convincing epidemiologic studies that clearly establishes an inverse relationship between HDL levels and coronary vascular events. Biochemists, clinicians, cardiologists and epidemiologists are simultaneously focusing attention on HDL. Familial High Density Lipoprotein Deficiency (Tangier Disease) has been well described but is poorly under-stood as a clinical syndrome complex. We have suddenly become aware of how little we understand about HDL’s normal ultracentrifugal and apoprotein heterogeneity, about its functional role(s) or the determinant(s) of its concentration in plasma. The relative contributions of the two sites of HDL origin, the liver and intestine, are yet to be determined as are the site(s) of degradation. Awareness of a problem and its importance is the first step toward the solution(s) of the problem.
Analyzing Data and Asking Questions at Shell School, Sea County Florida:

This case discusses early work to implement the Common Core State Standards at a fictitious school in Florida. The case is designed to support students’ efforts to use school accountability data fo...
Aaron D. Purcell. Academic Archives: Managing the Next Generation of College and University Archives, Records, and Special Collections . Chicago: Neal-Schuman, 2012. xx, 314p. $95 (ISBN 978-1555707699).

This title first attracted my attention when mentioned in the April issue of American Libraries. The mention was only a sentence, but, as it expanded on the title, I read it to herald a gutsy author willing to profile the emerging academy, predict the records it will produce, and outline a scheme (or schemes) to manage them. I was disabused when the review copy arrived. Mr. Purcell acknowledges that colleges and universities face challenges today but offers no particular insight as to where the sector is headed—up, down, or out. Economics and digitization, it seems, may force cosmetic change . . .
Strategic facility location, capacity acquisition, and technology choice decisions under demand uncertainty: Robust vs. non-robust optimization approaches

Abstract This paper presents a robust optimization (RO) modeling approach to develop insights into strategic capacity planning and resource acquisition decisions, including the facility location problem and the technology choice problem. The main purpose of the proposed model and numerical experiments is to examine the effects of economies of scale, economies of scope, and the combined effects of scale and scope under uncertain demand realizations using robust optimization. The type of capacities, or technology alternatives, that a firm can acquire can be classified on two basic dimensions. The first dimension relates to the effects of scale via distinction between labor-intensive technologies and capital-intensive technologies. The second dimension relates to the effects of scope via distinction between product-dedicated and flexible technologies. Moreover, each product-dedicated and flexible technology can have different levels of labor or capital-intensity, leading to the joint effects of economies of scale and economies of scope. Extensive computational results document how the optimal technology choice patterns depend on the cost structures and levels of model robustness specified to accommodate uncertain demand realizations. The results obtained by the two-stage robust optimization approach are compared to the results obtained by a non-robust approach.
Characterizing effects of humidity and channel size on imbibition in paper-based microfluidic channels

Paper-based microfluidic devices have gained an increasing amount of interest over the last few years. As such devices continue advancing toward more complex and sophisticated functions, obtaining accurate and consistent fluid imbibition under different conditions will become increasingly important. This study presents a series of controlled imbibition experiments investigating effects of relative humidity and channel width in paper-based microfluidic channels. The obtained imbibition data highlighted the importance in accounting for the effects of these design and environmental parameters. Additionally, fitting of the experimental data to three relevant imbibition models revealed evaporation, not water saturation, to be the main mechanism of the observed relative humidity effect. The current study has created a library of paper-specific, imbibition-related properties for commonly used filter and chromatography papers for the first time. Collectively, the presented imbibition data and the discovered relationships are expected to help researchers design more precise and reproducible paper-based microfluidic devices.
A typology of students based on academic entitlement

ABSTRACTTwo hundred ninety-three university business students were surveyed using an academic entitlement (AE) scale updated to include new technologies. Using factor analysis, three components of AE were identified: grade entitlement, behavioral entitlement, and service entitlement. A k-means clustering procedure was then applied to identify four groups based on the relative strength of the AE components: the model student, under the radar, instructor as servant, and the privileged. These groups were further characterized by additional demographic (i.e., parental income) and classroom variables (i.e., instructor response times). Findings can help business educators gain better insight into the AE construct and devise more effective instructional strategies.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very and extremely low birth weight infants - analysis of selected risk factors.

AIM The aim of the study was to analyze the role of specific risk factors affecting the development and clinical course of BPD in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation with a birth weight ≤ 1500g. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 222 infants born and hospitalized at the Department of Neonatology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute. At their 28-th day of life, the patients were divided into two groups: with and without BPD. The grade of BPD severity was determined at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age. RESULTS BPD was diagnosed in 117 (52.7%) of infants, 65 (55,6%) of them developed its mild, 29 (24,8%) moderate and 23 (19,7%) severe form. Infants with BPD had significantly lower gestational age than those without BPD: 27.0 weeks (IQR 26.0-28.3 weeks) vs. 30.0 weeks (IQR 29.3-31.0 weeks), and lower birth weight: 900g (IQR 740.0-1050.0g) vs. 1290g (IQR 1100.0-1370.0g). A significantly lower gestational age R=-0.70, p < 0.0001 and birth weight R=-0.66, p<0.0001 were observed in correspondence with the increase of BPD severity. In BPD group there were 72 (61.5%) male infants, whereas in that without BPD 54 (51.4%) of them, p=0.1290. In the group with mild form of BPD, there were 29 (44.6%) males, with moderate 23 (79.3%) and severe 20 (87.0%), p=0.0002. A statistically significant difference was found for: respiratory distress syndrome 116 (99.2%) vs. 83 (79.1%), p<0.0001, congenital infection 70 (59.8%) vs. 40 (38.1%), p=0.0012, patent ductus arteriosus 61 (52.1) vs. 28 (26.7), p=0.0001, complete prenatal steroid therapy 77 (65.8%) vs. 85 (81.0%), p=0.0112 and Apgar score of 1 min., p<0.0001 and 5 min., p<0.0001. In the group with BPD significantly more frequent were: intraventricular hemorrhage 87 (74.4%) vs. 37 (35.2%), p<0.0001, periventricular leukomalacia 11 (9.4%) vs. 0 (0.0%) p=0.0009 and retinopathy of prematurity 47 (40.2%) vs. 6 (5.7%), p<0.0001. No statistical significance was found for: premature rupture of membranes, the route of delivery, Ureaplasma spp. infection and necrotizing enterocolitis. Independent factors affecting the risk of BPD are: gestational age (OR 0.3213, p<0.0001), birth weight (OR 0.9968, p=0.0036), and respiratory distress syndrome (OR 3.9388; p=0.0142). CONCLUSIONS Lower gestational age, low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, Apgar score, congenital infection, lack of prenatal steroid therapy, patent ductus arteriosus and male gender are the risk factors for the development of BPD.
Do puzzle pieces and autism puzzle piece logos evoke negative associations

Puzzle pieces have become ubiquitous symbols for autism. However, puzzle-piece imagery stirs debate between those who support and those who object to its use because they believe puzzle-piece image...
Physiologic and Genetic Factors Influencing the Zoonotic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi.

Borrelia burgdorferi is a symbiont of ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex. These ticks serve as vectors to disseminate the spirochete to a variety of susceptible vertebrate hosts, which, in turn, act as reservoirs for naive ticks to become infected, perpetuating the infectious life cycle of B. burgdorferi. The pivotal role of ticks in this life cycle and tick-spirochete interactions are the focus of this chapter. Here, we describe the challenging physiological environment that spirochetes encounter within Ixodes ticks, and the genetic factors that B. burgdorferi uses to successfully infect, persist, and be transmitted from the vector.
So, Why Poetry?:

Ideological bias put blinders on my eyes and cotton in my ears preventing me from taking an authentic ethnographic stance toward working-class women during the 2016 American presidential elections. The poem, Deplorables, recognizes that bias and tries to right it through concrete examples. In so doing, the poem is about any powerless woman who has been treated deplorably. And that’s why poetry.
ACM SIGMM Rising Star Award 2017

The ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia (SIGMM) is pleased to present this year's Rising Star Award in multimedia computing, communications and applications to Dr. Liangliang Cao for his significant contributions in large-scale multimedia recognition and social media mining. The ACM SIGMM Rising Star Award recognizes a young researcher who has made outstanding research contributions to the field of multimedia computing, communication and applications during the early part of his or her career. Dr. Cao has published extensively in top multimedia related journals and conferences, including 15 in ACM Multimedia and 3 in ACM ICMR. To date, he has garnered 3400+ citations on over 70 papers and 10 patents. This impressive record in his early stage of career demonstrate the impact of his research and his contributions to our field of Multimedia. In his young research career, Dr. Cao has made unique and significant contributions in industrial settings. Most notably he was the Project key person for ALADDIN, on the IBM-Columbia team, the Lead contributor who made the IBM IMARS system 100 times faster, as well as the Lead contributor of a clothes & fashion search app at Yahoo Taiwan, which has received 80+ local media reports. He is a cofounder of HelloVera.AI where he is working as a CTO and Chief Scientist. ....
Thrombosis in Philadelphia negative classical myeloproliferative neoplasms: a narrative review on epidemiology, risk assessment, and pathophysiologic mechanisms

Thrombosis is common in cancer patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are common malignancies in elderly individuals and are known for a high incidence of thrombotic complications. Different risk factors have been identified in studies, and risk models have been developed to identify patients with MPN at higher risk for thrombosis. Several pathophysiological mechanisms help explain the increased likelihood of thrombosis in these patients. Factors, such as leukocyte and platelet activation leading to the formation of leukocyte-platelet aggregates, activation of the coagulation cascade by microparticles, high levels of inflammatory cytokines, and endothelial dysfunction have a crucial role in thrombosis in MPN patients. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant association between the allele burden of specific genetic mutations (mainly JAK2V617F) associated with MPN and the incidence of thrombotic events, thus suggesting a possible role for these mutations in thrombogenesis.
A method to reduce heat strain while clad in encapsulating outerwear.

The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) increases the risk of heat related maladies. A means to enhance heat dissipation capacity of individuals clad in PPE would be of benefit. The glabrous...
Revisiting Driver Behavior at Unsignalized Intersections: Time of Day Implications for Two-Way Left Turn Lanes (TWLTL)

A novel procedure was developed and validated for the accurate observation of naturalistic driver gap acceptance behavior at unsignalized intersections. Specifically, two-way stop-controlled intersections with a two way left turn lane (TWLTL) on the major road were examined. Three intersections were included as experimental locations. A sample size was collected of approximately 875 minor street vehicles which were exposed to over 2400 individual gaps. Characteristics such as gender, approximate age, vehicle type, presence of a queue behind the lead vehicle, and presence of passengers in the vehicle were collected as a function of the time of day (TOD). This work provides updated measures for the accepted gap as TOD varies, as well as exploring how accepted gaps are related to the wait time of a vehicle at the stop line.
Effect of dietary lactic acid on rumen lactate metabolism and blood acid-base status of lambs switched from low to high concentrate diets.

Two experiments were conducted with ruminally fistulated wether lambs to determine the effect of lactic acid addition to a hay diet on rumen lactate metabolism, blood acid-base status and subsequent adaptation to a high concentrate diet. In Exp. 1, lambs were fed mature brome hay (H), H plus 5% (w/w) D,L lactic acid (H5L) or H plus 10% lactic acid (H10L) (three lambs per treatment) for 14 days (phase I) then switched to a 90% concentrate diet for 2 days (phase II). In Exp. 2, lambs were fed alfalfa-brome hay (H) (six lambs), H plus 2.5% lactic acid (H2.5L) (six lambs) or H plus 5% lactic acid (H5L) (four lambs) during phase I, then switched to a 70% concentrate diet (3 days) followed by a 90% concentrate diet (10 days) (phase II). During both experiments rumen fluid samples were taken periodically for pH and lactate analyses and in vitro L- or D-lactate disappearance (IVLD) studies. Blood samples were taken to measure acid-base status, serum lactate, and serum calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Dietary lactic acid enhanced IVLD during phase I of both experiments. L and D isomer IVLD rates were similar and followed zero-order kinetics. In Exp. 2, IVLD increased rapidly during phase II in response to increased concentrate level in the diet; the enhanced rates of H2.5L and H5L lambs were sustained for the first 3 days of phase II. Blood data from both experiments indicated a deleterious effect of dietary lactic acid on blood acid-base balance; however, this treatment effect was not manifested in any symptoms of acute acidosis. There was a decrease (P less than .05) in serum calcium during phase II of both experiments. In Experiment 1, serum calcium increased linearly (P less than .05) in response to dietary lactic acid level. In Exp. 1, rumen fluid total lactate and L-lactate were lower (P less than .05) for H5L vs H lambs during phase II. However, all lambs in Exp. 1 experienced acute acidosis; four of the nine lambs subsequently died. There was evidence of acidosis in Exp. 2, but there were no clear treatment effects during phase II on rumen fluid pH or lactate, or feed intake. All lambs adapted to the high concentrate diets as evidenced by rumen lactate levels and feed intakes. In both experiments, the proportion of L-lactate in rumen fluid decreased from almost 100 to about 50% of total lactate by the end of phase II.
Lebensqualität bei Epilepsie: Ein Überblick zum Forschungsstand – Teil 3: Korrelate und Determinanten von Lebensqualität

Seit den 1990er-Jahren ist in der Epileptologie Lebensqualitat (Quality of Life [QOL]) bzw. gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualitat Gegenstand der klinischen Forschung. Dabei wird in einzelnen Studien meist nicht explizit erlautert, von welchem QOL-Konzept bzw. -Verstandnis ausgegangen wird. In einem Uberblick sollen die wichtigsten Ergebnisse der Forschung zur QOL bei Epilepsie aufgezeigt werden. In diesem 3. Teil geht es abschliesend um den Forschungsschwerpunkt „QOL-Korrelate und Determinanten“, also um Studien, die analysierten, welche Variablen mit QOL assoziiert sind bzw. QOL beeinflussen. Die Archive der einschlagigen Fachzeitschriften Epilepsia, Epilepsy & Behavior sowie Seizure seit Beginn der 1990er-Jahre wurden daraufhin untersucht, ob in Publikationen QOL thematisiert oder QOL-Daten erhoben worden waren. Auf reprasentative Studien wird verwiesen. Bezuglich der QOL-Korrelate und Determinanten ist festzuhalten: Anfallskontrolle und Depressivitat haben sich regelhaft als wichtige Determinanten von epilepsiespezifischer QOL erwiesen, wobei klinische Variablen wie Anfallskontrolle weniger QOL-Varianz aufklaren als psychosoziale Variablen wie Depressivitat. Das QOL-Konzept ist nicht als bloses, auf subjektiver Patienteneinschatzung basierendes Surrogat fur das Behandlungsziel Anfallskontrolle zu verstehen. Es verweist vielmehr auf die Notwendigkeit, sich damit zu beschaftigen, ob weitere Krankheitsaspekte bzw. Komorbiditat eine Belastung fur den Patienten darstellen und ggf. therapeutischer Interventionen bedurfen.
Interpreting effects of multiple, large-scale disturbances using national forest inventory data: A case study of standing dead trees in east Texas, USA

Abstract Understanding the impacts of large-scale disturbances on forest conditions is necessary to support forest management, planning, and policy decision making. National forest inventories (NFIs) are an important information source that provide consistent data encompassing large areas, covering all ownerships, and extending through time. Here we compare how temporal aggregation approaches with NFI data affects estimates of standing dead trees as these respond to extreme disturbance events. East Texas was selected for this study owing to the occurrence of three significant disturbance events in a short span: Hurricane Rita in 2005, Hurricane Ike in 2008, and a historic drought in 2011. Wide-spread tree damage and mortality were reported after each disturbance and estimates of standing dead trees were used as the inventory variable for assessment. In the NFI of the US, the plot network is systematically divided into panels and one panel is measured each year. A measurement cycle is completed when all panels have been measured, which varies between 5 and 10 years depending on the region. Using the standard estimation approach of the US NFI, we computed population estimates using data from the full set of panels (FSP), multiple sets of panels (MSP), and single set of panels (SSP). For estimation, a single plot observation is computed from the most recent measurement of the plot that does not exceed the estimate year. Because one panel is measured per year, FSP and MSP estimates will necessarily consist of plot observations whose measurements were collected over a number of years. The SSP estimate is computed from one panel and thus all the plot observations are based on measurements collected over one year. We found that interpretations of disturbance event impacts varied depending on which sets of estimates were considered. All sets of estimates suggested a large and significant drought impact. However, differences existed among the estimates in the timing and magnitude of the impacts. The FSP estimates showed clear lag bias and smoothing of trends relative to the SSP estimates. MSP estimates were intermediate between FSP and SSP estimates. Differences in Hurricane Rita impacts were also observed between sets of estimates. Evidence of a net impact on standing dead trees following Hurricane Ike was weak among all sets of estimates. Given the potential for lag bias and smoothing, we recommend that SSP and MSP estimates be considered along with FSP estimates in assessments of large-scale disturbance impacts on forest conditions.