cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of exposure length and pupal source on Muscidifurax raptorellus and Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) parasitism in a New York poultry facility.

Commercially obtained Nasonia vitripennis Walker and Muscidifurax raptorellus Kogan & Legner were released weekly for 12 wk into a high-rise, caged-layer poultry house. After the release period, parasitoids were sampled using sentinel house fly (Musca domestica L.) pupae that were either laboratory-reared or field-collected as larvae and exposed for 2, 4, 7, and 14 d. Parasitoid-induced mortality was observed in 31% of laboratory colony pupae and in 26% of field-collected pupae, whereas successful parasitism rates of 48 and 51% were observed from these pupal sources, respectively. Parasitism was primarily by M. raptorellus (88%), and Muscidifurax raptor Girault & Sanders (11%), while N. vitripennis accounted for <1%. Percent female progeny ranged from 43% in M. raptorellus to 76% in N. vitripennis. Parasitoid emergence from 2-d exposed sentinel pupae was the lowest of all treatments. Parasitoid emergence from 7-d exposed sentinel pupae was the highest of all treatments. We found no differences between pupal source, suggesting that when sampling for M. raptor, M. raptorellus, and N. vitripennis, in poultry facilities, pupal source is not a confounding factor.
Lines, Trees, and Branch Spaces

In this paper we examine the interactions between the topology of certain linearly ordered topological spaces (LOTS) and the properties of trees in whose branch spaces they embed. As one example of the interaction between ordered spaces and trees, we characterize hereditary ultraparacompactness in a LOTS (or GO-space) X in terms of the possibility of embedding the space X in the branch space of a certain kind of tree.
Qualification of electronic card assemblies

As part of the cost of developing a new product, product managers are often willing to pay for qualifying unknown components or subassemblies for their application, in order to ensure that their product will last for its intended life and quality requirements. However, they are unwilling to pay excessive costs over an unacceptable time period to obtain this information. As a result, the Technical Approval Agencies have been driven to find less expensive ways of ensuring reliable products, in a shorter time period, without taking unacceptable risks. One way is by testing more often at the subassembly level than at the component level. The authors discuss the card-assembly-level qualification strategy and look at the advantages of qualifying at this level. They also discuss how the disadvantages are being addressed. >
Acute Hypoxemia in a Child With Neurologic Impairment Associated With High-Frequency Chest-Wall Compression

An 11-year-old child with cerebral palsy required hospital admission for respiratory distress following administration of high-frequency chest wall compression (HFCWC). The child had severe neurologic impairment and an ineffective cough effort. HFCWC is effective in treating cystic fibrosis, but its use has not been widely studied in other diagnoses. Although highly effective in mobilizing mucus, HFCWC does not assist in removing airway secretions. In the absence of an effective cough, additional devices or techniques may be required.
Incidence and Survival of Primary Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans in the United States.

BACKGROUNDDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous sarcoma for which data on risk factors, incidence, and survival are limited.OBJECTIVEThe authors sought to establish a comprehensive report on the incidence of and survival from primary DFSP.METHODSThe authors used data from the 18
Effect of thermal treatment on the properties of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x thin films with multilayer Al/Cr/Yb metals as Ohmic contact electrodes

Detailed studies were conducted on YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films with multilayer Al/Cr/Yb metals as ohmic contact electrodes. Ytterbium not only provided an excellent ohmic contact to YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films, but also improved the zero resistance temperature after thermal treatment of the contacts. Superconducting thin films with zero resistance temperature of around 90 K with extremely sharp resistivity transitions, contact current density greater than 1.3 x 103A/cm2, and specific contact resistivity as low as 10-9 ohm · cm2 at 77 K were achieved on yttrium stabilized ZrO2 substrates. This occurred after contact deposition and thermal treatment at 450° C in pure oxygen for 20 min.
The Institutional Field of Routines: The Investment Banking Pitch Book

In this paper, I propose that the institutional field influences, and is influenced by, routines. Treating the investment banking pitch book routine as my unit of analysis, I present descriptions o...
Transhiatal Esophagectomy for Esophageal Carcinoma

In almost every reported major series of esophageal resection for carcinoma, pulmonary complications following a combined thoracoabdominal procedure and sepsis from disruption of an intrathoracic esophageal anastomosis are the leading causes of postoperative complications and death. Although some recently reported exceptional series indicate a hospital mortality for esophageal resection of less than 5% [1–3], in most reports mortality ranges from 15% to 40% [4–6] and averages 33% [7]. Transhiatal esophagectomy without thoracotomy and esophageal reconstruction with a cervical esophagogastric anastomosis offer several advantages over the standard transthoracic approach. The operation not only minimizes the physiologic insult to the patient by avoiding a thoracotomy, but it also places the anastomosis in the neck where the consequences of disruption are seldom serious. This operation has therefore become the author’s operation of choice in patients requiring esophageal resection for both benign and malignant disease [8–12].
SU-F-T-629: Effect of Multi-Leaf Collimator (MLC) Width On Plan Quality of Single-Isocenter VMAT Intracranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Multiple Metastases

Purpose: Single-isocenter VMAT has been shown able to create high quality plans for complex intracranial multiple metastasis SRS cases. Linacs capable of the technique are typically outfitted with an MLC that consists of a combination of 5 mm and 10 mm leaves (standard) or 2.5 mm and 5 mm leaves (high-definition). In this study, we test the hypothesis that thinner collimator leaves are associated with improved plan quality. Methods: Ten multiple metastasis cases were identified and planned for VMAT SRS using a 10 MV flattening filter free beam. Plans were created for a standard (std) and a high-definition (HD) MLC. Published values for leaf transmission factor and dosimetric leaf gap were utilized. All other parameters were invariant. Conformity (plan and individual target), moderate isodose spill (V50%), and low isodose spill (mean brain dose) were selected for analysis. Results: Compared to standard MLC, HD-MLC improved overall plan conformity (median: Paddick CI_HD = 0.83, Paddick CI_std = 0.79; p = 0.004 and median: RTOG CI_HD =1.18, RTOG CI_std =1.24; p = 0.01), improved individual lesion conformity (median: Paddick CI_HD,i =0.77, Paddick CI_std,i =0.72; p < 0.001 and median: RTOG CI_HD,i = 1.28, RTOG CI_std,i =1.35; p < 0.001), improved moderate isodose spill (median: V50%_HD = 37.0 cc, V50%_std = 45.7 cc; p = 0.002), and improved low dose spill (median: dmean_HD = 2.90 Gy, dmean_std = 3.19 Gy; p = 0.002). Conclusion: For the single-isocenter VMAT SRS of multiple metastasis plans examined, use of HD-MLC modestly improved conformity, moderate isodose, and low isodose spill compared to standard MLC. However, in all cases we were able to generate clinically acceptable plans with the standard MLC. More work is need to further quantify the difference in cases with higher numbers of small targets and to better understand any potential clinical significance. This research was supported in part by Varian Medical Systems.
A Markov Chain Model of Temporal Behavior for Anomaly Detection

This paper presents an anomaly detection technique to detect intrusions into computer and network systems. In this technique, a Markov chain model is used to represent a temporal profile of normal behavior in a computer and network system. The Markov chain model of the norm profile is learned from historic data of the system’s normal behavior. The observed behavior of the system is analyzed to infer the probability that the Markov chain model of the norm profile supports the observed behavior. A low probability of support indicates an anomalous behavior that may result from intrusive activities. The technique was implemented and tested on the audit data of a Sun Solaris system. The testing results showed that the technique clearly distinguished intrusive activities from normal activities in the testing data.
Carbon nanotube: nanodiamond Li-ion battery cathodes with increased thermal conductivity

Prevention of excess heat accumulation within the Li-ion battery cells is a critical design consideration for electronic and photonic device applications. Many existing approaches for heat removal from batteries increase substantially the complexity and overall weight of the battery. Some of us have previously shown a possibility of effective passive thermal management of Li-ion batteries via improvement of thermal conductivity of cathode and anode material 1 . In this presentation, we report the results of our investigation of the thermal conductivity of various Li-ion cathodes with incorporated carbon nanotubes and nanodiamonds in different layered structures. The cathodes were synthesized using the filtration method, which can be utilized for synthesis of commercial electrode-active materials. The thermal measurements were conducted with the "laser flash" technique. It has been established that the cathode with the carbon nanotubes-LiCo2 and carbon nanotube layered structure possesses the highest in-plane thermal conductivity of ~ 206 W/mK at room temperature. The cathode containing nanodiamonds on carbon nanotubes structure revealed one of the highest cross-plane thermal conductivity values. The in-plane thermal conductivity is up to two orders-of-magnitude greater than that in conventional cathodes based on amorphous carbon. The obtained results demonstrate a potential of carbon nanotube incorporation in cathode materials for the effective thermal management of Li-ion high-powered density batteries.
Integrated phrase segmentation and alignment algorithm for statistical machine translation

We present an integrated phrase segmentation/alignment algorithm (ISA) for statistical machine translation. Without the need of building an initial word-to-word alignment or initially segmenting the monolingual text into phrases as other methods do, this algorithm segments the sentences into phrases and finds their alignments simultaneously. For each sentence pair, ISA builds a two-dimensional matrix to represent a sentence pair where the value of each cell corresponds to the point-wise mutual information (MI) between the source and target words. Based on the similarities of MI values among cells, we identify the aligned phrase pairs. Once all the phrase pairs are found, we know both how to segment one sentence into phrases and also the alignments between the source and target sentences. We use monolingual bigram language models to estimate the joint probabilities of the identified phrase pairs. The joint probabilities are then normalized to conditional probabilities, which are used by the decoder. Despite its simplicity, this approach yields phrase-to-phrase translations with significant higher precisions than our baseline system where phrase translations are extracted from the HMM word alignment. When we combine the phrase-to-phrase translations generated by this algorithm with the baseline system, the improvement on translation quality is even larger.
Smartphone-based fluorescence detection of bisphenol A from water samples

Bisphenol A (BPA), an emerging environmental contaminant and endocrine disrupting compound, has been observed globally in surface water and waste leachates at concentrations that are hazardous to aquatic life and potentially to humans. Limitations in field monitoring on account of the extensive laboratory infrastructure required for standard BPA detection warrants investigation into portable or handheld sensing platforms. In this work, we evaluated a standalone smartphone-based fluorescence sensing method for identifying BPA from water samples. Toward this goal, we demonstrated the novel application of 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) as a fluorescent probe with suitable specificity to BPA compared to functionally and structurally similar hormone and endocrine disrupting compounds. Using this method, bisphenol A was quantifiable through both standard fluorescence spectroscopy and smartphone detection, with an empirical binding constant of KSV = 2040 M−1 and a direct, unfiltered detection limit of 4.4 μM from unprocessed samples, suitable for waste leachate and industrial samples. Implementation of further digital image processing and smartphone spectroscopy methods may help to lower this detection limit, bearing promise for future direct detection of bisphenol A from wastewater leachate and environmental samples via smartphones.
Impact of Computer-Generated Images on LODGSCAPE Perceptions and Visit Intentions

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have recognized that the quality of physical environment influences customers’ satisfaction and positive behavioral outcome. A limited number of studies have incorporated an extensive range of hotel guestroom servicescape attributes into their instruments. The purpose of this study is to examine the multidimensional role of perceived servicescape of computer-generated images (CGI) of hotel rooms that are displayed on hotel websites. This study has two objectives: (a) To develop an instrument that comprehensively measures multidimensional perceived servicescape quality of a 3-D CGI depiction of hotel guestrooms; (b) To measure the effect of different 3-D CGI servicescape dimensions on expected guestroom satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Guestroom aesthetics, layout, light, and furniture quality were identified as factors of the LODGSCAPE instrument. Two factors, aesthetics and layout had significant effects on customer satisfaction. The results suggest that hotel management s...
Perfectionism and well-being: A positive psychology framework

Abstract Grounded in the tripartite model of perfectionism and previous empirical support, the current study explored qualitatively different types of perfectionists and their well-being. A total of 276 college students responded to measures of perfectionism, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and well-being. Latent Profile Analysis identified three distinct latent classes of perfectionists: adaptive, maladaptive, and non-perfectionists. Adaptive perfectionists exhibited highest levels of presence of meaning, subjective happiness, and life satisfaction; maladaptive perfectionists showed the highest levels of search for meaning. Findings call attention to the value of exploring the heterogeneity of perfectionists and their well-being.
Die Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Klinikum Augsburg im Wandel der Zeit

Eine Hautklinik existiert in Augsburg erst seit den Nachkriegsjahren des Zweiten Weltkrieges. Zunachst lag der Schwerpunkt auf der stationaren Therapie von Geschlechtskrankheiten. Mit der Zusammenfuhrung aller Fachabteilungen in das Zentralklinikum in den 80er-Jahren hielt die moderne Dermatologie Einzug. Vorreiter war die Augsburger Hautklinik Anfang der 90er-Jahre mit der Etablierung und Standardisierung der Sentinel-Lymphonodektomie. Heute besteht dieser operative Schwerpunkt weiter, dazu wurde ein Hauttumorzentrum und ein interdisziplinares Allergiezentrum gegrundet. Die Zukunft wird fur die Klinik fur Dermatologie und Allergologie in Augsburg sehr spannend, da eine Umwandlung des stadtischen Hauses in ein Universitatsklinikum mit einer medizinischen Vollfakultat in konkreter Planung ist.
Using Therapeutic Riding as an Intervention for Combat Veterans: An International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Approach

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of therapeutic horseback riding on posttraumatic stress symptoms, quality of life, and functioning of combat veterans using the International Classif...
Place-making for the people: Socially engaged art in rural China:

In the past decade, socially engaged artistic practices have become a growing trend in China, embraced not only by contemporary art circles but also by broad intellectual communities. In this artic...
A one-pot strategy to improve end-capping efficacy in Stille poly-condensations

Herein we examine the end-capping efficacy of several end-capping reagents (ECRs) in the Stille polymerization of 2,7-dibromo-9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene (Fl) and 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT). Polymerizations were carried out in a one-pot fashion where the molar ratio of TT relative to Fl was biased, ideally generating bis(trimethylstannyl) macromolecules. Various ECRs (bromobenzene, 4-bromotoluene, 4-(trifluoromethyl) bromobenzene, 4,4′-bromobiphenyl, 2-bromo-9,9-dimethylfluorene, iodobenzene, 4-iodotoluene, and 4,4′-iodobiphenyl) differing in reactivity were employed in the one-pot reaction. Polymers were characterized using GPC, 1H NMR, and end-capping efficacy was evaluated with MALDI-ToF MS. The iodo derivatives were found to disrupt propagation, severely inhibiting molecular weight. The bromo ECRs varied in end-capping efficiency: bromofluorene ∼ bromobiphenyl > trifluoromethylbromobenzene ∼ bromobenzene > bromotoluene. Additionally, we demonstrate a strong efficiency dependence on initial monomer concentration and demonstrate this method's superiority over post-polymerization end-capping.
How to Gauge Repair Risk

At present, there exist several automatic tools that, given a software, find locations of possible defects. A general tool does not take into account a specificity of a given program. As a result, while many defects discovered by this tool can be truly harmful, many uncovered alleged defects are, for this particular software, reasonably (or even fully) harmless. A natural reaction is to repair all the alleged defects, but the problem is that every time we correct a program, we risk introducing new faults. From this viewpoint, it is desirable to be able to gauge the repair risk. This will help use decide which part of the repaired code is most likely to fail and thus, needs the most testing, and even whether repairing a probably harmless defect is worth an effort at all – if as a result, we increase the probability of a program malfunction. In this paper, we analyze how repair risk can be gauged.
Some Recent Studies of the Buckling of Thin Shells

The purpose of this paper is to summarise some recent results obtained at Standford University regarding the buckling of thin shells. A detailed review of work done by other investigators will not be given here because this was done recently in two papers written by the author. However, a few important steps in the evolution of our knowledge of the buckling of thin .shells will be mentioned to put the new results in proper perspective.
“School definitely failed me, the system failed me”: Identifying opportunities to impact educational outcomes for homeless and child welfare-involved youth

Abstract Children and youth who experience homelessness and child welfare involvement may experience high mobility, disruption of relationships with family and peer networks, and social stigma, all of which can have a negative impact on educational success for these youth. In this study, we explored the perspective of youth who were involved with child welfare and homeless serving systems, and who had experienced school challenges. Youth (n = 20) between the ages of 18 and 24 participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews. Using a life course framework, we asked youth about their experiences in these multiple systems across developmental stages, and asked them to highlight what might have been helpful to their educational outcomes. Data analysis was conducted by a research team of three scholars who each had expertise in these varied systems, and member checking was completed with four youth to increase credibility of the findings. Results highlighted the importance of youth having supportive adults in their lives, suggesting an opportunity for systems to better mobilize and support caring adults, including informal supports and professional staff within these systems that can advocate for youth. Results also stress the importance of using a trauma-informed approach with cross- systems youth, rather than punitive approaches to discipline that tend to exacerbate negative educational outcomes. Many of these youth felt like they had to “make it on their own,” underscoring the need to better connect youth to existing resources within their communities and building on youths' strengths and protective factors, in order to improve educational outcomes for vulnerable youth.
A common chemical mechanism for insect-plant communication

During interactions among insects, plants and their environments, chemical communication (i.e.,the exchange of chemical energy units as information) occurs. In our laboratory, we have shown that such information exchange involving insects is dependent on sulfhydryl-disulfide (i.e.,-SH/-S-S-) oxidative-reductive electrochemistry by receptor-energy transducer proteins in the involved dendritic neuronal membrane (Rozental & Norris, 1973; Norris, 1985, 1986). Our findings have shown further that the electrochemical action of a given amount (moles) of a chemical messenger on an insect biotype’s chemosensory system is highly positively correlated with its effect on the live insect’s behavioral response whether the former is (1) measured polarographically as the maximum induced millivolt shift (mV Max) in the U1/2 value for the sulfhydryl-disulfide receptor-transducer protein; or (2) determined neurophysiologically as the maximum percentage (%) of mV inhibition in a standardized electroantennogram (EAG) elicited by a given amount of the excitant, amyl acetate (Norris, 1986). These experimentally determined correlations are each so high (r > 0.95) that either is adequate for deducing the involved energy code for the information transfer as expressed here in the equation, LogY = 3.40-0.112 LogX. In this particular derived equation, “X” equals the messenger (e.g., moles of chemical) input (afferent) variable and “Y” equals the primary output (efferent) polarographic variable, mV Max. In these findings the transfer of energy as information from chemical messenger to whole insect behavior thus was interpreted readily in quantitative mathematical terms.
Unsupervised Classification of Verb Noun Multi-Word Expression Tokens

We address the problem of classifying multiword expression tokens in running text. We focus our study on Verb-Noun Constructions (VNC) that vary in their idiomaticity depending on context. VNC tokens are classified as either idiomatic or literal. Our approach hinges upon the assumption that a literal VNC will have more in common with its component words than an idiomatic one. Commonality is measured by contextual overlap. To this end, we set out to explore different contextual variations and different similarity measures. We also identify a new data set OPAQUE that comprises only non-decomposable VNC expressions. Our approach yields state of the art performance with an overall accuracy of 77.56% on a TEST data set and 81.66% on the newly characterized data set OPAQUE.
A Practical Evaluation of a Secure and Energy-Efficient Smart Parking System Using the MQTT Protocol

The smart parking system is a major component of the smart city concept, especially in the age of the Internet of Things (IoT). It attempts to take the stress out of finding a free parking space in crowded places, mostly during peak times. This paper focuses on implementing a secure smart parking solution based on the publish-subscribe communication model for exchanging a huge volume of data with a large number of clients while minimizing the power consumption. The Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) was adopted in this paper as a promising substitution to traditional public key cryptography such as Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA). The implemented system provides several functional services including parking vacancy detection, real-time information for drivers about parking availability, driver guidance, and parking reservation. Moreover, it provides security mechanisms for both network and application layers. Performance and power consumption experiments using a testbed show the efficiency and practicality of the implemented system, essentially with the IoT resource-constrained devices. Our findings demonstrate achieving energy consumption reductions of up to 54% and a CPU usage decrease of up to 55% compared to the existing solutions.
Setting a baseline for Integrated Landscape Design: Cost and risk assessment in herbaceous feedstock supply chains

Abstract The literature on bioenergy has pointed out that financial risks and limited performance benchmarks are leading barriers to wide-spread industry expansion. The purpose of this paper is to document a baseline cost and risk assessment from the perspective of biorefinery management for two herbaceous feedstocks, switchgrass and corn stover, in an application of Integrated Landscape Design (ILD). Integrating energy crops into row crops has attracted considerable attention leading to a variety of ways to implement ILD. However, variation in production conditions, different methods of implementing unit operations, and technology performance variability are among many factors leading to financial risk facing biorefineries from feedstock supply based on ILD. Utilizing data from field-based trials on switchgrass and corn stover in Virginia and Iowa in the United States, we estimate feedstock logistics cost and characterize it by a distribution of potential outcomes. The results show that, across fields included in the study, logistics cost for switchgrass vary from $73 per Mg to $171 per Mg. For corn stover, the inter-field variation in cost ranges from $83 per Mg to $105 per Mg. Results for intra-field uncertainty show that the cost for switchgrass ranges from $58 per Mg to $74 per Mg, and for corn stover they range from $50 per Mg to $65 per Mg. These results inform a baseline from which improvements in ILD can be compared, and provide biorefinery management with a starting point for cost and risk estimates of feedstock from ILD.
Coordination Group Formation for OnLine Coordinated Routing Mechanisms.

This study considers that the collective route choices of travelers en route represent a resolution of their competition on network routes. Well understanding this competition and coordinating their route choices help mitigate urban traffic congestion. Even though existing studies have developed such mechanisms (e.g., the CRM [1]), we still lack the quantitative method to evaluate the coordination penitential and identify proper coordination groups (CG) to implement the CRM. Thus, they hit prohibitive computing difficulty when implemented with many opt-in travelers. Motived by this view, this study develops mathematical approaches to quantify the coordination potential between two and among multiple travelers. Next, we develop the adaptive centroid-based clustering algorithm (ACCA), which splits travelers en route in a local network into CGs, each with proper size and strong coordination potential. Moreover, the ACCA is statistically secured to stop at a local optimal clustering solution, which balances the inner-cluster and inter-cluster coordination potential. It can be implemented by parallel computation to accelerate its computing efficiency. Furthermore, we propose a clustering based coordinated routing mechanism (CB-CRM), which implements a CRM on each individual CG. The numerical experiments built upon both Sioux Falls and Hardee city networks show that the ACCA works efficiently to form proper coordination groups so that as compared to the CRM, the CB-CRM significantly improves computation efficiency with minor system performance loss in a large network. This merit becomes more apparent under high penetration and congested traffic condition. Last, the experiments validate the good features of the ACCA as well as the value of implementing parallel computation.
The Case for Hard Matrix Multiplier Blocks in an FPGA

Designing efficient hardware for accelerating machine learning (ML) applications is a major challenge. Rapid changing algorithms and network architectures in this field make FPGA based designs an attractive solution. But the generic building blocks available in current FPGAs (ALMs/CLBs, DSP blocks) limit the acceleration that can be achieved. We propose a modification to the current FPGA architecture that makes FPGAs specialized for ML applications. Specifically, we propose adding hard matrix multiplier blocks (matmuls) into the FPGA fabric. These matmuls are implemented using systolic arrays of MACs (Multiply-And-Accumulate) and can be connected using programmable direct interconnect between neighboring matmuls to make larger systolic matrix multipliers. We explore various matmul sizes (4x4x4, 8x8x8, 16x16x16, 32x32x32) and various strategies to place these blocks on the FPGA (clustered, surround, columnar). We recommend 4x4x4 matmul blocks with columnar placement after studying tradeoffs between area, frequency, fragmentation and channel width. Experimental results and analytical evaluation reveal that providing matmuls in an FPGA speeds up state-of-the-art neural networks (Resnet50, GNMT, Transformer, Minigo) by ~2.5x on average, compared to a DSP-heavy FPGA with equal number of MACs. Therefore, FPGAs with hard matrix multipliers can be used to design faster, more area (and hence, power) efficient hardware accelerators for ML applications, compared to current FPGAs, at the cost of reducing the flexibility of the FPGA for other applications. A matmul-heavy FPGA fabric could be a part of bigger FPGA, the rest of which can have general programmable logic, or fully ML-specific FPGAs with matmuls could be created.
Switch/sucrose nonfermenting nucleosome complex-deficient colorectal carcinomas have distinct clinicopathologic features.

Abstract The switch/sucrose nonfermenting (SWI/SNF) nucleosome complex consists of several proteins that are involved in cellular proliferation and tumor suppression. The aim of this study was to correlate immunohistochemical expression of four SWI/SNF complex subunits, SMARCA2, SMARCB1, SMARCA4, and ARID1A, with clinicopathologic and molecular features and patient survival in 338 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma using a tissue microarray approach. Twenty-three (7%) colorectal adenocarcinomas demonstrated deficient SWI/SNF expression: 7 had SMARCA2 deficiency, 12 had ARID1A deficiency, and 4 had both SMARCA2 and ARID1A deficiency. No cases were SMARCB1 or SMARCA4 deficient. Twelve (52%) SWI/SNF complex–deficient tumors demonstrated mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency (p = 0.02), 6 (26%) showed medullary differentiation (p = 0.001), and 9 were negative for CDX2 expression (p 0.05). In conclusion, SMARCA2-deficient and ARID1A-deficient colorectal carcinomas had distinctly different clinicopathologic features, with ARID1A-deficient tumors exhibiting medullary and mucinous differentiation and MMR deficiency and SMARCA2-deficient tumors demonstrating conventional gland-forming histologic growth with less frequent MMR deficiency.
Genetic variation implicates plasma angiopoietin-2 in the development of acute kidney injury sub-phenotypes

We previously identified two acute kidney injury (AKI) sub-phenotypes (AKI-SP1 and AKI-SP2) with different risk of poor clinical outcomes and response to vasopressor therapy. Plasma biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (tumor necrosis factor receptor-1, angiopoietin-1 and 2) differentiated the AKI sub-phenotypes. However, it is unknown whether these biomarkers are simply markers or causal mediators in the development of AKI sub-phenotypes. We tested for associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1A genes and AKI- SP2 in 421 critically ill subjects of European ancestry. Top performing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (FDR T, near ANGPT2 was associated with reduced risk of AKI-SP2 (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.31–0.66; adjusted FDR = 0.003) and decreased plasma angiopoietin-2 (p = 0.002). Causal inference analysis showed that for each minor allele (T) the risk of developing AKI-SP2 decreases by 16%. Plasma angiopoietin-2 mediated 41.5% of the rs2920656 related risk for AKI-SP2. Human kidney microvascular endothelial cells carrying the T allele of rs2920656 produced numerically lower levels of angiopoietin-2 although this was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). Finally, analyses demonstrated that angiopoietin-2 is minimally renally cleared in critically ill subjects. Genetic mediation analysis provides supportive evidence that angiopoietin-2 plays a causal role in risk for AKI-SP2.
Baryon and lepton number violation from gravitational waves

We describe a unique gravitational wave signature for a class of models with a vast hierarchy between the symmetry breaking scales. The unusual shape of the signal is a result of the overlapping contributions to the stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic strings produced at a high scale and a cosmological phase transition at a low scale. We apply this idea to a simple model with gauged baryon and lepton numbers, in which the high-scale breaking of the lepton number is motivated by the seesaw mechanism for the neutrinos, whereas the low scale of baryon number breaking is required by the observed dark matter relic density. The novel signature can be searched for in upcoming gravitational wave experiments.
Reducing C OSS Switching Loss in a GaN-based Resonant Cockcroft-Walton Converter Using Resonant Charge Redistribution

By applying resonant charge redistribution (RCR) to the parasitic capacitances of a switched-capacitor converter, C OSS -related dynamic switching losses can be significantly reduced. The proposed technique demonstrates adiabatic mitigation of all primary loss mechanisms in a transformer-less resonant Cockcroft-Walton (CW) converter’s forward power path, with only the gate drivers exhibiting conventional hard-charged CV2f losses. Two inductors are used: a large primary inductance directly in the forward power path to mitigate transient inrush currents, and a second small inductance to perform C oss charge redistribution prior to initialization of subsequent phases. The second inductor can be small while still exhibiting high Q-factor as it only interacts with switch parasitics. A discrete 1:5 prototype using GaN-FETs and diodes achieves a power density of 181.8 kW/liter (2.98 kW/inch3) and a peak efficiency of 96.2% with RCR contributing a measured 61% reduction in total losses at light load for a 0.74% increase in solution volume.
Marriage as Ruse or Migration Route: Jewish Women’s Mobility and Sex Trafficking to Argentina, 1890s-1930s

The victim narrative of the international anti-white slavery movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century highlighted the suffering of prostituted women entrapped by violent men. Due to both antisemitic exaggeration and the reality of Ashkenazi Jewish networks of international sex work management in this period, Jews faced particular scrutiny as traffickers, and organized internationally with non-Jewish reformers against the phenomenon. Reformers often decried the shtile khupe, a Jewish religious marriage ceremony without a civil component, as a key trafficking technique. Drawing on League of Nations archives, court records, and the Yiddish, Spanish, and English press, this essay provides a granular social history of marriage and associated relational strategies for cross-border migration and structuring Jewish sex work on the ground in early-twentieth-century Buenos Aires. Evidence from sex workers and their managers pushes against these victimization narratives, reframing marriage as a method to achieve transnational mobility and improve labor and living conditions. Historical and contemporary feminist responses to trafficking share rhetorical strategies and critiques – in both past and present, transnational sex work can be analyzed in a migratory rather than coercive context, centering individuals making difficult choices from among limited options.
Economic Interests Cause Elected Officials to Liberalize Their Racial Attitudes

Do attitudes of elected officials towards racial issues change when the issues are portrayed as economic? Traditionally, scholars have presented Confederate symbols as primarily a racial issue: elites supporting their eradication from public life tend to emphasize the association of Confederate symbols with slavery and institutionalized racism, while those elected officials who oppose the removal of Confederate symbols often cite the heritage of white southerners. In addition to these racial explanations, we argue that there is an economic component underlying support for removal of Confederate symbols among political elites. Racial issues can also be economic issues, and framing a racial issue as an economic issue can change elite attitudes. In the case of removal of Confederate symbols, the presence of such imagery is considered harmful to business. Two survey experiments of elected officials in eleven U.S. southern states show that framing the decision to remove Confederate symbols as good for business causes those elected officials to favor removing the Confederate flag from public spaces. Elected officials can be susceptible to framing, just like regular citizens.
Dehydration Approach for Enhancing Terahertz Detection of Cancer in Freshly Excised Breast Tumors

In this work we demonstrate the use of 60% concentration of glycerol solution as an optical clearance agent in freshly excised breast tissues. The research aims at enhancing the differentiation between cancer and collagen tissues using terahertz imaging technique. The terahertz reflection mode imaging is utilized in this work. The preliminary results demonstrated a potential contrast enhancement in the terahertz image between cancer and collagen tissues.
Trends in quality of care among children with sickle cell anemia.

INTRODUCTION For decades, it has been recommended that children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) receive antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent serious infections and undergo transcranial Doppler (TCD) screening to identify those at highest risk of overt stroke. We assessed recent temporal trends in antibiotic prophylaxis prescription fills and TCD screening among children with SCA using validated quality measures. PROCEDURE Using validated claims-based definitions, we identified children with SCA who were enrolled in Michigan or New York State (NYS) Medicaid programs (2011-2018). Among recommended age groups, two outcomes were assessed yearly: (a) filling of ≥300 days of antibiotics, and (b) receipt of greater than or equal to one TCD. The proportion of children with each outcome was calculated by state. Temporal trends in each preventive service were assessed using generalized linear models. RESULTS A total of 1784 children were eligible for antibiotic prophylaxis (Michigan: 384; NYS: 1400), contributing 3322 person-years. Annual rates of filling ≥300 days of antibiotics ranged from 16% to 22% and were similar by state. There was no change in rates of antibiotic filling over time in Michigan (p-value: .10), but there was a decrease in NYS (p-value: .02). A total of 3439 children with SCA were eligible for TCD screening (Michigan: 710; NYS: 2729), contributing 10,012 person-years. Annual rates of TCD screening ranged from 39% to 45%, were similar by state, and did not change over time (p-values >.05). CONCLUSIONS Most children with SCA do not receive recommended antibiotic prophylaxis and/or TCD screening. New, sustainable, and coordinated interventions across preventive services are urgently needed.
CHAPTER 74 – Cytokine Receptor Superfamily Signaling

The cytokine receptor superfamily members activate a variety of signal transduction pathways. One of the most consistently activated pathways is that of induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factors of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) family. The details of this family of transcriptions factors are covered elsewhere in this Handbook; however, in general terms, the STATs mediate the specific physiological functions associated with individual cytokines. For example, the function of IFNs to elicit an antiviral response is dependent on STAT1 and, conversely, the primary function of STAT1 is to mediate these responses. Equally striking, STAT4 and STAT6 mediate the unique physiological responses induced by IL-12 or IL-4, respectively. This specificity is dramatically illustrated by the observation that Epo, Tpo, GH, and PRL all induce the activation of STATS; the physiological functions of GH and PRL are totally dependent upon this activation, but the functions of Epo and Tpo are not. The conclusion from the studies discussed in this chapter is that the primary function of the receptor complex may be to activate the Jaks, which then function in much the same manner as the receptor tyrosine kinases by recruiting critical signaling mediators to the kinase.
Controlling a Constrained Robot Manipulator in the Presence of Uncertainty

In this paper, separate position and force controllers are developed from a decoupled model of a single n-joint nonredundant manipulator constrained by a rigid environment. Starting with models of the robot dynamics and constraints, a reduced order dynamic equation is developed with respect to a user defined set of variables. A new method of decomposing the force and position controls is then introduced. Using this decomposition, control strategies are then developed for a constrained robot manipulator in the presence of uncertainty. Specifically, adaptive and robust position controllers are formulated based on results for unconstrained robot manipulators given in [1] and [16].
Model of EC natural gas integration: Will it work?

Abstract This paper describes a model for an integrated natural gas market and discusses the potential applications of the model to the EC gas industry. The key to integration of the natural gas market is some form of open access contract carriage system that provides for accessible market entry and equal market opportunity for all market players. These two ingredients will allow the driving force of an integrated gas market — market signal transparency — to function effectively. However, market signal transparency is only possible with some form of regulatory oversight which will ensure a uniform rate structure and non-discriminatory access. Market signal transparency also requires unbundling of merchant services and price transparency. These ingredients will allow market forces to encourage efficiency and bring about competitive prices. A number of concerns have been raised about the viability of an open access programme in Europe, including security of supply and protection of small consumers. An analysis of these concerns reveals that security of supply will be improved with an open access programme through enhanced supply source development, diversity of supply and dual fuel capability. Small consumers will benefit from lower prices while obtaining increased reliability of supply.
Rainy Day Tennis

(1980). Rainy Day Tennis. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 82-82.
Relief of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the brain subfornical organ rescues high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (1126.16)

NAFLD is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been suggested as an underlying mechanism. However, the role of the brain in mediating NAFLD remains unclear. Importantly, brain ER stress has emerged as the basis of a number of chronic diseases, and we have recently demonstrated robust ER stress in the subfornical organ (SFO) of high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that ER stress in the SFO mediates HFD-induced NAFLD. Male C57Bl/6 mice were fed HFD (60% fat, n=13) for 20 weeks. SFO-targeted microinjections of an adenovirus encoding the ER chaperone GRP78 (AdGRP78) to reduce ER stress, or control vector (AdLacZ), were then performed. Selective reductions in SFO-ER stress resulted in a significant decrease in HFD-induced hepatomegaly (2.25±0.06 vs 1.71±0.12 g, HFD AdLacZ vs HFD AdGRP78, p 0.05), food intake or adiposity. SFO-targeted AdGRP78 also reduced HFD-med...
Automated Filtering on Data Streaming for Intelligence Analysis

Intelligence analysis involves routinely monitoring and correlating large amount of data streaming from multiple sources. In order to detect important patterns, the analyst normally needs to look at data gathered over a certain time window. Given the size of data and rate at which it arrives, it is usually impossible to manually process every record or case. Instead, automated filtering (classification) mechanisms are employed to identify information relevant to the analyst’s task. In this paper, we present a novel system framework called FREESIA (Filter REfinement Engine for Streaming InformAtion) to effectively generate, utilize and update filtering queries on streaming data.
Identification of a novel constitutive enhancer element and an associated binding protein: implications for human papillomavirus type 11 enhancer regulation.

Abstract The human papillomavirus type 11 enhancer, when linked to the minimal simian virus 40 early promoter, has been dissected into two domains in monkey kidney CV-1 cells, one being constitutive (designated CEI) and the other inducible by trans-acting E2 proteins encoded by homologous and heterologous papillomaviruses (H. Hirochika, T.R. Broker, and L.T. Chow, J. Virol. 61:2599-2606, 1987; H. Hirochika, R. Hirochika, T.R. Broker, and L.T. Chow, Genes Dev. 2:54-67, 1988). We have demonstrated that the natural promoter regulated by this enhancer is located immediately upstream of the E6 open reading frame (the E6 promoter). We have mapped the cap site to nucleotide 99 by RNase protection. We further demonstrate a second constitutive enhancer element, CEII, which is required for transcription from the E6 promoter in the human cervical carcinoma cell lines C-33A and HeLa but not in CV-1 cells. By deletion mapping, we have localized this cell type-specific domain to 71 base pairs by using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays. Deletion of either CEI or CEII dramatically decreased the constitutive activity of the enhancer and the E6 promoter, whereas multimerization of either domain in the absence of the other could independently restore expression. Furthermore, when either of these elements was deleted, the full-length E2 protein of human papillomavirus type 11 abolished the remaining basal E6 promoter activity, demonstrating for the first time that the enhancer-activating E2 protein of human papillomaviruses can also function as a transcriptional repressor for the homologous E6 viral promoter. The presence of multiple copies of each element in tandem overcomes the repression by the E2 protein. The effects of CEII are at the level of transcription, without changing the cap site. By gel shift assay, we have shown that a protein present in nuclear extracts of C-33A and HeLa cervical carcinoma cells binds to the newly identified constitutive element II. This protein did not bind the simian virus 40 enhancer, nor did it bind to the enhancer region of many other papillomaviruses tested. UV cross-linking experiments revealed major 44-kilodalton and minor 34-kilodalton proteins that bound specifically to CEII. These two proteins are either related or bind to CEII with high cooperativity. We conclude that transcriptional activities directed by the enhancer and E6 promoter reflect an intricate balance among viral and cellular factors. We present a model on the regulation of the E6 promoter by host and viral transcription factors.