cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Some challenges of integrating spatial and non-spatial datasets using a geographical information system

Geographical Information Systems or GIS are becoming useful tools in making strategic decisions in a variety of government and business activities in areas such as housing, healthcare, land use, natural resources, environmental monitoring, public health, transportation, retail, and routing. This usefulness emanates from the capability of GIS to present a large amount of data in a short period of time on a map, using a geographical coordinate system. In most cases, spatial datasets required for GIS mapping are already available free from many governmental agencies. GIS use more of computing technology than geographical concepts, however, the capabilities of GIS software did not reach the level of simplicity encountered in most software used on a daily basis. Most organizations perform GIS analysis on their data without getting involved with the mapping technology. A typical GIS analyst faces various challenges while incorporating non-spatial dataset to spatial dataset in order to present resulting dataset on a geographical map. In this paper, we present some data manipulation complexities that are encountered while using a GIS software to provide spatial twists to a large user dataset. We also provide ways to facilitate the data manipulation process through a practical example of asthma epidemiology. The solutions will be beneficial to many GIS users in varieties of industries.
A 4.2–4.7GHz, 3.7mW digitally controlled oscillator RFIC

This paper presents an 8-bit LC tuned digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) implemented in a 130nm CMOS technology. The DCO oscillation frequency can be tuned from 4.2 to 4.7GHz with 11.2% tuning range and an average frequency resolution of 2 MHz/bit. The oscillator consumes a 3.7mW power from a 1.2V power supply. The DCO phase noise is measured as −103dBc/Hz @ 500KHz offset and exhibits a figure of merit of −177.
Serum cardiac troponin-I elevation in neonatal cardiac surgery is lesion-dependent.

Objective: Serum cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) is a marker for myocardial injury in adults that undergoes developmental isoform change. To determine its utility as a myocardial injury marker in neonates, the authors examined the perioperative pattern of cTn-I elevation in neonates undergoing surgical repair for hypoplastic left-heart syndrome (HLHS) and transposition of great arteries (TGA). Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: The study was performed in a tertiary teaching hospital that is a major referral center for congenital cardiac surgery. Patients: Forty-five neonates were enrolled, 17 with HLHS, 15 with TGA with intact septum (TGA + IVS), 8 with TGA with ventricular septal defect (TGA + VSD), and 5 neonates undergoing extracardiac surgery who did not require cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Interventions: None. Results: Preoperative cTn-I was elevated in all neonates undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. Increases in postoperative cTn-I correlated with duration of aortic cross-clamp application and CPB. Peak elevation in serum cTn-I occurred between 6 and 24 hours postoperatively in all neonates after cardiac surgery. The perioperative pattern of cTn-I was different in TGA + VSD (peak cTn-I = 10.9 ± 5.9 ng/mL) compared with HLHS (peak cTn-I = 4.62 ± 3.4 ng/mL) and TGA + IVS (peak cTn-I = 4.46 ± 3.5 ng/mL). Conclusion: It was found that perioperative elevations in serum cTn-I in neonates with TGA and HLHS were influenced by duration of aortic cross-clamp application, CPB, and the presence of VSD.
Performance analysis of HD1: a 16 Tesla Nb/sub 3/Sn dipole magnet

The Superconducting Magnet Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) has been developing technology for high field accelerator magnets from brittle conductors. HD1 is a single bore block dipole magnet using two, double-layer Nb/sub 3/Sn flat racetrack coils. The magnet was tested in October 2003 and reached a bore peak field of 16 T (94.5% of short sample). The average quench current plateau appeared to be limited by "stick slip" conductor motions. Diagnostics recorded quench origins and preload distributions. Cumulative deformation of the mechanical structure has been observed. Quench velocity in different field regions has been measured and compared with model predictions. The results obtained during the HD1 test are presented and discussed.
Influence of Interfacial Sliding Stress on Fatigue Behavior of Oxidized Nicalon/Calcium Aluminosilicate Composites

The influence of the interfacial sliding stress on the steady-state tensile fatigue behavior of a Nicalon/calcium aluminosilicate composite has been characterized experimentally. Characterization occurred in an experiment where the microstructure and properties of the carbon interface were altered by oxidation at increasingly greater temperatures. After each oxidation step, the steady-state energy dissipation was quantified. Using a model, changes in the interfacial sliding stress were determined after each oxidation step. The results revealed a minimum in the sliding stress after oxidation in the temperature range of 100°-300°C that corresponded to a maximum in the amount of energy dissipated by frictional sliding.
Time-Temperature Effects in Nitride and Carbide Ceramics

High-performance ceramics based on the nitrides and carbides of silicon are being actively evaluated in a large number of heat engine and industrial heat exchanger demonstration programs (1–4). In most of these applications the ceramic components will be exposed to high temperatures, in oxidizing environments, for times ranging from a few thousand to several tens of thousands of hours. For successful application, it is essential that the designer have a full understanding of the time, temperature, and stress dependence of the strength (and/or retained strength after environmental exposure) for these materials. Unfortunately, in the 1975–1977 time period when the preliminary design studies for many of today’s engine demonstration programs were initiated, the available data on silicon nitride and carbide ceramics were very sparse. Recognizing the need for a more extensive data base in this important area, the U. S. Department of Energy funded our laboratory and others to address the problem. This paper presents the methodology used and some of the principal results obtained by our laboratory during the past four years. More detailed results are presented in references 5 through 8.
Lymphokine inducing "terminal differentiation" of the human monoblast leukemia line U937: a role for gamma interferon.

The human monoblast leukemia line, U937, is growth-inhibited and induced to develop markers of mature monocytes by lymphokine preparations. Lymphokine is cytostatic and induces expression of Fc receptors in U937 and in myelomonocytic leukemic lines RC-2A and KG-1, but does not have these effects on T- and B-lymphocytic lines. In addition to previously described properties, including complement receptors, phagocytosis, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), Mac-1 and Mac-3 surface antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies are induced on U937 cells by lymphokine and phorbol ester. The Mac-1 surface component appears to have a regulatory role in differentiation of the monocyte lineage line, since antibodies to this antigen block the induction of Mac-3 antigen. The lymphokine activity was concentrated by salt precipitation and characterized by ion- exchange and size chromatography. Fractions of about 40,000 daltons were responsible for growth inhibition and induction of Fc receptors and Mac-1 antigen in U937 cells. However, ADCC was not induced in U937 by individual fractions of lymphokine, suggesting that this cytotoxic capacity may be regulated by a lymphokine of a different size, which is only effective after initial maturation steps. Since gamma-interferon is present on the 40K size range of lymphokine, the possibility that interferon is a differentiation modulator for the monoblast cells was investigated. Highly purified gamma-interferon (10(7) U/mg protein) at 10–300 U/ml inhibited growth and induced Fc receptors in U937 similar to the effect of lymphokine. The Fc-receptor-inducing activity of lymphokine was inhibited by a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to gamma- interferon, suggesting that this differentiation factor in lymphokine is gamma-interferon.
Effect of stress and cortisone on plasma protein-bound iodine and thyroxine metabolism in rats.

SummaryThe plasma protein-bound iodine concentration of the intact rat is decreased after prolonged fasting, exhausting exercise and exposure to cold. This effect is not merely a result of suppressed thyroid function, since exercise and cold stress increase the rate of disappearance of injected thyroxine in thyroidectomized rats. Cortisone reduces the rate at which thyroxine is removed from the plasma, and can prevent the increase in the rate of disappearance of the hormone which is normally produced by exposure to a cold environment.
Stable bronchogenic carcinoma.

Five cases are presented in which repeated roentgenographs examinations were made of intrapulmonary noncalcified opacities which remained stable in size for an average of three and a half years.In each case, following a prolonged observation period, the lesion was found to be a primary malignant tumor of the lung. A plea is made for histologic diagnosis of all persistent, apparently static, noncalcified intrapulmonary opacities.
The Role of Reduction Analysis in Lithic Studies

(2007). The Role of Reduction Analysis in Lithic Studies. Lithic Technology: Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 131-141.
A humanized mouse-based HIV-1 viral outgrowth assay with higher sensitivity than in vitro qVOA in detecting latently infected cells from individuals on ART with undetectable viral loads

Assays that can verify full viral eradication are essential in the context of achieving a cure for HIV/AIDS. In vitro quantitative viral out growth assays (qVOA) are currently the gold standard for measuring latent HIV-1 but these assays often fail to detect very low levels of replication-competent virus. Here we investigated an alternative in vivo approach for sensitive viral detection using humanized mice (hmVOA). Peripheral blood CD4+ T cell samples from HIV subjects on stable ART with undetectable viral loads by RT-PCR were first assayed by in vitro qVOA. Corresponding patient samples in which no virus was detected by qVOA were injected into humanized mice to allow viral outgrowth. Of the five qVOA virus negative samples, four gave positive viral outgrowth in the hmVOA assay suggesting that it is more sensitive in detecting latent HIV-1.
Toxicity of nickel to microbes: environmental aspects

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the literature on the overt and covert toxicities of Nickel (Ni) to microorganisms and to their activities in natural environments. Attention is directed to the mediating influence of abiotic environmental factors and, to a lesser extent, of biotic factors that modify the toxicity of Ni to the microbiota. In the studies, it is found that Ni reduces or completely inhibits growth of microbes in synthetic media and, to a lesser extent, in samples from natural environments (i,e., soils and fresh, estuarine, and marine waters). These overt deleterious responses to Ni are manifestations of more covert effects, such as the effects of Ni on cell surfaces, on DNA replication, transcription, and translation, and on other metabolic activities, including photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, respiration, and fermentation. The establishment of criteria for permissible levels of Ni in the environment is also discussed, focusing on the microbial aspects that have not been recognized by regulatory agencies responsible for protecting the biosphere from harmful exposures to toxicants.
The next 700 network programming languages (invited talk)

Specification and verification of computer networks has become a reality in recent years, with the emergence of domain-specific programming languages and automated reasoning tools. But the design of these frameworks has been largely ad hoc, driven more by the needs of applications and the capabilities of hardware than by any foundational principles. This talk will present NetKAT, a language for programming networks based on a well-studied mathematical foundation: regular languages and finite automata. The talk will describe the design of the language, discuss its semantic underpinnings, and present highlights from ongoing work extending the language with stateful and probabilistic features.
The sociology of teaching : by Willard Waller, Eastford, CT, Martino Fine Books, 2014 (reprint of 1932 edition), 482 pp., $17.50 (paperback), ISBN-13: 978-1-61-427728-6

In his classic book, The Sociology of Teaching, Willard Waller (1932) focused attention on the school as a social organism: “The school is a unity of interacting personalities. The personalities of...
Earning Like a Woman: Salaries versus Marginal Revenue Products in the AAGBPL and MLB: 1947-1952:

This article exploits heretofore unexplored data from the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League that existed in the United States from 1943 to 1954 to measure and compare the economic los...
Normal Values of Magnetic Relaxation Parameters of Spine Components with the Synthetic MRI Sequence.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: SyMRI is a technique developed to perform quantitative MR imaging. Our aim was to analyze its potential use for measuring relaxation times of normal components of the spine and to compare them with values found in the literature using relaxometry and other techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two spine MR imaging studies (10 cervical, 5 dorsal, 17 lumbosacral) were included. A modified multiple-dynamic multiple-echo sequence was added and processed to obtain quantitative T1 (millisecond), T2 (millisecond), and proton density (percentage units [pu]) maps for each patient. An ROI was placed on representative areas for CSF, spinal cord, intervertebral discs, and vertebral bodies, to measure their relaxation. RESULTS: Relaxation time means are reported for CSF (T1 = 4273.4 ms; T2 = 1577.6 ms; proton density = 107.5 pu), spinal cord (T1 = 780.2 ms; T2 = 101.6 ms; proton density = 58.7 pu), normal disc (T1 = 1164.9 ms; T2 = 101.9 ms; proton density = 78.9 pu), intermediately hydrated disc (T1 = 723 ms; T2 = 66.8 ms; proton density = 60.8 pu), desiccated disc (T1 = 554.4 ms; T2 = 55.6 ms; proton density = 47.6 ms), and vertebral body (T1 = 515.3 ms; T2 = 100.8 ms; proton density = 91.1 pu). Comparisons among the mean T1, T2, and proton density values showed significant differences between different spinal levels (cervical, dorsal, lumbar, and sacral) for CSF (proton density), spinal cord (T2 and proton density), normal disc (T1, T2, and proton density), and vertebral bodies (T1 and proton density). Significant differences were found among mean T1, T2, and proton density values of normal, intermediately hydrated, and desiccated discs. CONCLUSIONS: Measurements can be easily obtained on SyMRI and correlated with previously published values obtained using conventional relaxometry techniques.
Does urban form matter for innovation productivity? A national multi-level study of the association between neighbourhood innovation capacity and urban sprawl:

Geography of innovation, creative clustering, urban buzz and innovation districts are place-based concepts that have emerged as a result of the US economy’s transformation to knowledge-intensive ec...
IGES Standard Protocol for Feature Recognition CAD System

Automatic feature recognition from CAD solid systems highly impacts the level of integration. CAD files contain detailed geometric information of a part, which are not suitable for using in the downstream applications such as process planning. Different CAD or geometric modeling packages store the information related to the design in their own databases. Structures of these databases are different from each other. As a result no common or standard structure has been developed so far, that can be used by all CAD packages. For that reason this chapter proposes an intelligent feature recognition methodology (IFRM) to develop a feature recognition system which has the ability to communicate with various CAD/CAM systems. The proposed methodology is developed for 3D prismatic parts that are created by using solid modeling package by using constructive solid geometry (CSG) technique as a drawing tool. The system takes a neutral file in Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) format as input and translates the information in the file to manufacturing information. The boundary (B-rep) geometrical information of the part design is then analyzed by a feature recognition program that is created specifically to extract the features from the geometrical information based on a geometric reasoning approach by using object oriented design software which is included in C++ language. A feature recognition algorithm is used to recognize different features of the part such as step, holes, etc. Finally, a sample application description for a workpiece is presented for demonstration purposes.
Phycobilin biosynthetic reactions in extracts of cyanobacteria

Phycobilins are the chromophores of phycobiliproteins, the light-harvesting pigments of cyanobacteria, red algae and cryptophytes. Phycobilins are biosynthesized from heme by the action of heme oxygenase, which converts heme to biliverdin, followed by the action of other enzymes that convert biliverdin to the phycobilins. We previously reported on the enzymes and biosynthetic intermediates of phycobilin formation in extracts of the unicellular red alga Cyanidium caldarium. Heme oxygenase activity has now been obtained from extracts of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6701. The reaction requirements are similar to those for the C. caldarium enzyme: heme substrate, reduced ferredoxin, and a second reductant such as ascorbate or Trolox. The enzymatic nature of the reaction was verified by two criteria in addition to the requirement for cell extract: production of only the IXα isomer of the bilin product and inhibition by the substrate analog Sn-protoporphyrin IX. The enzyme was partially purified by high-speed centrifugation, 35–75% differential (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, and DEAE-cellulose anion exchange chromatography. In addition, extract capable of converting biliverdin IXα to phycobilins has been obtained from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6701 and another cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Only the (3Z) isomers of the phycobilins accumulated in the incubations containing unfractionated cell extracts, in contrast to incubations with unfractionated C. caldarium extracts which produce both the (3Z) and (3E) isomers. Phycocyanobilin and phycoerythrobilin were produced in comparable amounts by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6701 extracts, but only phycocyanobilin accumulated in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 extracts. This difference in in vitro product accumulation correlates with the phycobilins that are found in vivo in these two cell types.
A database for the Exploration of Spanish planning

We describe a new task-based corpus in the Spanish language. The corpus consists of videos, transcripts, and annotations of the inter- action between a naive speaker and a confederate listener. The speaker instructs the listener to MOVE, ROTATE, or PAINT objects on a computer screen. This resource can be used to study how participants produce instructions in a collaborative goal-oriented scenario, in Spanish. The data set is ideally suited for investigating incremental processes of the production and interpretation of language. We demonstrate here how to use this corpus to explore language-specific differences in utterance planning, for English and Spanish speakers.
New Trends of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Military

Musculoskeletal pain disorders are of significant concern in the US Armed Forces. This is particularly true considering the physical requirements of many military personnel and the high-risk environments in which they work. Despite continuous advances in military medicine, the rates of disability cases within the US military have been increasing at an alarming rate and nearly doubled between 1985 and 1994 (Berkowitz, Feuerstein, Lopez, & Peck, 1999; Huang, Berkowitz, Feuerstein, & Peck, 1998; Jones, Amoroso, & Canham, 1999). Pain disorders account for the largest proportion of total disability compensation, with approximately $400 million a month (Feuerstein, Berkowitz, Pastel, & Huang, 1999). These types of disability claims are continuing to increase because of military deployments and related injuries in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Recent data on wound patterns for the US Marines and Sailors serving in Iraq indicated that upper and lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries accounted for almost 70 % of all injuries and that, therefore, orthopedic surgery was the most commonly needed medical specialty (Zouris, Walker, Dye, & Galerneau, 2006). Another study found that 53 % of patients medically evacuated from OIF and evaluated at two military pain management centers had low back pain (Cohen, Griffith, Larkin, Villena, & Larkin, 2005). It was also found that 47 % of OIF/OEF veterans reported chronic pain after deployment, with over 80 % being diagnosed with a musculoskeletal or connective tissue disorder. Without changes in the current approach to treatment, the trends of increasing disability rates and associated costs will very likely continue in the military.
The Paleopathology of the Shanidar Neandertals

This chapter discusses the paleopathology of the Shanidar fossils as an aspect of their paleontology. Most of the abnormalities on the Shanidar specimens are those that were certainly or probably because of injuries sustained by the Shanidar individuals during their lifetimes. The trauma-related abnormalities are the most impressive of their lesions: four of the adults—Shanidar 1, 3, 4, and 5—exhibit evidence of past trauma and two of them—Shanidar 3 and especially Shanidar 1—were partially incapacitated by their injuries. It is usually possible to diagnose accurately the cause of a specific abnormality, but it is seldom possible to determine the precise sequence of events responsible for several lesions on one individual. The incomplete state of all of the Shanidar partial skeletons makes it impossible to assess the full extent of each individual's abnormalities. It is assumed that those individuals, especially Shanidar 2, 6, and 8, that exhibit few abnormalities were generally healthy, but it should be kept in mind that their missing anatomical regions may have been seriously afflicted. The chapter presents the evidence for skeletal abnormalities for Shanidar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8. It discusses the lesions that appear to have been caused by trauma, directly or indirectly for each individual, followed by descriptions of the abnormalities that resulted from degenerative joint disease.
Ch. R-8 Anaerobic Microbial Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Abstract In the last decade, it has become widely recognized that nonoxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons undergo microbial transformations under anoxic conditions. The compounds which are transformed include mononuclear and polynuclear homocyclic, nitrogen heterocyclic, and sulfur heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The conditions conducive to the transformations range from denitrifying and iron(III)-reducing, to sulfate-reducing and fermentative/methanogenic. Anaerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria capable of degrading aromatic hydrocarbons have been enriched and, in some cases, isolated from various environments, both pristine and contaminated with pollutant mixtures containing aromatic hydrocarbons: anaerobic sludge, soil, freshwater sediments, estuarine sediments, marine sediments, and ground water aquifers. At this point, it is maybe premature to conclude that such bacteria are ubiquitous and that they can all degrade a very broad range of hydrocarbons; however, they are being detected in numerous environmental samples, and their activity can be demonstrated in-situ , e.g. in ground water aquifers contaminated by petroleum or creosote. Once the nutritional requirements, physiology and ecology of these microorganisms are well understood, they will represent a considerable potential to be tested and used in microbially-enhanced oil recovery.
Testing the potential of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) with Colorado water managers

Abstract Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) generate quantitative information about performance relationships between a system's potentially conflicting objectives (termed tradeoffs). Research applications have suggested that evaluating tradeoffs can enhance long term water utility planning, but no studies have formally engaged with practitioners to assess their perceptions of tradeoffs generated by MOEAs. This article examines how practitioners interact with MOEA tradeoffs and reports their ideas for how their agencies could use MOEA results. We hosted a group of Colorado water managers at a charrette, or structured investigatory workshop, where they directly interacted with tradeoffs, discussed how they used the information, and linked their workshop experiences to opportunities for MOEAs to enhance their agencies' planning processes. Among other interesting results, we found that managers' portfolio preferences diverged as tradeoff information increased and that structured information about the relationships between decision levers and performance would be beneficial for interpreting tradeoffs.
Supermentalism and the Practice of AI

Recall that the present volume is one book within what we’ve dubbed the’ supermind Quartet, ‘which is in turn aimed at securing three objectives: Objective 1 Overthrow computationalism, essentially the view (C) that minds are ordinary computing machines. (As you may remember, a careful account of computationalism is given in Chapter 1.) Objective 2 Establish the position (S c ∞ ) that minds are superminds, i.e., that though minds aren’t computing machines, they include such machines, and two other main things, viz., information-processing machines capable of hypercomputation (as reflected in the superscript ∞), and a capacity to enjoy and exploit phenomenal consciousness (and other irreducibly mental properties), which can’t be expressed in any third-person scheme, computational or otherwise (as reflected in the subscript c ). Objective 3 Specify and defend a practical, concrete, applied approach to AI and CogSci anchored by the theoretical content produced to reach Objectives 1 and 2. This specification and defense is to revolve around implemented systems, not mere speculation; engineering is to flow fromphilosophizing. The systems will establish (among other things) both that animal behavior can be simulated by ordinary computation (B a ) and that the behavior of persons, to a substantial degree, can also besimulated by such computation (B p ).
Toward a Greater Understanding of Differentiation of Self in Bowen Family Systems Theory: Empirical Developments and Future Directions

Bowen family systems theory is arguably considered the most comprehensive theory of human functioning from a systems perspective. Grounded in natural systems theory, Bowen family systems theory is a theory of multigenerational emotional functioning, and the concepts of “differentiation of self ” and the “emotional system” characterize essential elements of Bowen theory. About 15 years ago, the ﬁ rst author initiated a program of research designed to operationalize the concept of differentiation of self and examine the central tenets in Murray Bowen’s family systems theory. The original focus of the work was to develop a psychometrically sound tool to assess the role of therapist and client differentiation of self in 1) psychotherapy outcome, and 2) the process of effective psychotherapy. The Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI) was ﬁ rst developed in 1991, and since that time, the measure has undergone two revisions to reﬁ ne items and subscale deﬁ nitions, minimize social desirability bias, and enhance the DSI’s construct validity (e.g., Skowron and Friedlander, 1998; Skowron and Schmitt, 2003). Further, the ﬁ rst two authors have engaged in postgraduate training at the Bowen Center for the Study of the Family in Washington, DC, under the direction of Michael E. Kerr, MD, and the ﬁ rst author remains a member of Daniel Papero’s research group at the Bowen Center, where she continues to consult and engage with Bowen scholars in the conceptualization and design of research informed by Bowen theory. This constellation of experiences with the Bowen Center has greatly assisted the authors in clarifying their thinking about Bowen theory and provided invaluable access to developments in thinking within the theory that have evolved since publication of Bowen’s Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (1978) and Kerr’s Family Evaluation (Kerr and Bowen, 1988).
Development of yield forecast model using multiple regression analysis and impact of climatic parameters on spring wheat.

Understanding the impacts of climate change in agriculture is important to ensure optimal and continuous crop production. The agricultural sector plays a significant role in the economy of Upper Midwestern states in the USA, especially that of North Dakota (ND). Spring wheat contributes most of the wheat production in ND, which is a major producer of wheat in the USA. This study focuses on assessing possible impacts of three climate variables on spring wheat yield in ND by building a regression model. Eighty-five years of field data were collected and the trend of average minimum temperature along with average maximum temperature, average precipitation, and spring wheat yield was analyzed using Mann-Kendall test. The study area was divided into 9 divisions based on physical locations. The minimum temperature plays an important role in the region as it impacts the physiological development of the crops. Increasing trend was noticed for 6 divisions for average minimum temperature and average precipitation during growing season. Northeast and Southeast division showed the strongest increasing trend for average minimum temperature and average precipitation, respectively. East-central division had the most decreasing trend for average maximum temperature. A significant relationship was established between spring wheat yield and climatic parameters as the p-value is lower than 0.05 level which rejects the null hypothesis. The regression model was tested for forecasting accuracy. The percentage deviation of error for the model is approximately ±30% in most of the years. Keywords: yield, forecast modelling, multiple regression, climatic parameters, spring wheat DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191204.4477 Citation: Mistry P, Bora G. Development of yield forecast model using multiple regression analysis and impact of climatic parameters on spring wheat. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(4): 110–115.
Enabling Safe Autonomous Vehicles by Advanced mm-Wave Radar Simulations

In the development of automotive vehicular technology, safety is an essential concern. Intelligent Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) require the automotive radar to detect real objects accurately and neglect false ones. Employing simulation tools to realize real-world scenarios will help engineers design and test these modern systems. In this paper, we present a full-scale electromagnetic (EM) simulation of a 30,422 λ large busy intersection at 77 GHz by utilizing a hybrid hierarchical simulation approach, which employs a combination of ANSYS HFSS Finite Element Method (FEM) solver and the shooting and bouncing rays (SBR+) solver. For proof of concept, we demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed solver by comparing simulated versus analytical results of a canonical object. This study shows a promising potential for simulations to strengthen the development of safe autonomous vehicular technology.
Virtuous feelings? Three grades of emotional rationality

Respected traditions oppose emotionality to reason. In recent decades there has been growing awareness of, and attention to, the rational side of feelings. In particular, emotions have been taken to embody value judgements. I argue instead that every type of emotion owes its specific character to a (quasi-)inferential pattern that connects the import of a token emotion’s occasion, or object, with the meaning of its manifestation in a response. Man’s ability and tendency to connect occasions with responses in this way constitutes a first degree of emotional rationality. A second degree is attained where the subject’s emotionality accords with their settled normative views on what to feel. And where these views are right, namely in a virtuous life, the subject is emotionally rational to a third degree.
Development projects and involuntary population displacement: The World Bank's attempt to correct past failures

In the past, poor rural peasants have been the unintended victims of large-scale development projects in the world's developing countries. Development projects such as dam and road construction have triggered large streams of population movements within poor countries. Policy makers such as those at the World Bank have made several attempts to tackle the problems of development-based involuntary population displacements. This paper examines some of the consequences and dynamics of development induced forced migration. It discusses the World Bank's past failure to provide adequate policies that sufficiently tackle the displacement problems that were the consequences of its past projects in Africa. The Bank's new Operational Policy on Involuntary Displacement is then evaluated in a retrospect- ive analysis of how it could have solved the population displacement problems in one of its projects, the Nangbeto Dam in Togo, West Africa. The analysis concludes that the Operational Policy could be an effective tool to tackle development induced population displacement but that it still needs a few more adjustments as a policy instrument.
Psychopathy: An Introduction to Biological Findings and Their Implications

Introduction 1. Genetics 2. Hormones 3. Psychophysiology 4. Neuropsychology 5. Brain Imaging 6. Biosocial and Environmental Influences 7. Successful Psychopaths 8. Ethical Issues 9. Prevention, Intervention, and Treatment Conclusion Further Reading References Index About the Authors
Entangling the Roles of Maker and Interpreter in Interpersonal Data Narratives: Explorations in Yarn and Sound

To explore how materials, data, and humans collaborate to produce physical data representations, we created a series of artefacts from personal data we collected (about commuting, forgetting, and busy-ness) in different media---yarn and sound. We exchanged these artefacts without providing guidelines for how to interpret them in order to study where the boundary between maker and interpreter emerges. Through creating hand-crafted physicalizations and sonifications, we present three themes on making personal data narratives: matching data to the materials (and vice versa), accepting the materials' will to co-author, and negotiating between the experience of the data and data of the experience. In exchanging the artefacts, we explored the role of the interpreter as a re-maker and how multiple narratives can productively co-exist. We conclude with a discussion about how reimagining the roles of maker and interpreter might lead to new interactions with personal data narratives.
Implications for prenatal cadmium exposure and adverse health outcomes in adulthood

Cadmium is a ubiquitous, non-essential metal that has earned a spot on the World Health Organizations top 10 chemicals of major public health concern. The mechanisms of cadmium-induced adverse health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, renal toxicity and cancer, are well studied in adults. However, the implications for early life exposures to low-level cadmium leading to increased risk of developing diseases in adulthood remains elusive. Epidemiological investigation of the long term implications of cadmium-associated adverse birth outcomes are limited and studies do not extend into adulthood. This review will summarize the literature on the non-lethal, adverse health effects associated with prenatal and early life exposure to cadmium and the implications of these exposures in the development of diseases later in life. In addition, this review will highlight possible mechanisms responsible for these outcomes as well as address the inconsistencies in the literature. More recent studies have addressed sex as a biological variable, showing prenatal cadmium exposure elicits sex-specific outcomes that would otherwise be masked by pooling male and female data. Furthermore, researchers have begun to investigate the role of prenatal and early life cadmium exposures in the development of diet-induced diseases with evidence of altered essential metal homeostasis as a likely mechanism for cadmium-enhanced, diet-induced diseases. Although novel experimental models are beginning to be established to study the association between prenatal cadmium exposure and adverse health outcomes in adulthood, the studies are few, highlighting a major need for further investigation.
A Novel Approach to Heuristic Evaluation: Mapping Usability Heuristics to Action Model and Usability Components

Heuristic evaluation (HE) is one of the most popular usability evaluation methods. Despite its popularity, it has a major downside in that novice evaluators perform worse than expert evaluators when conducting it. Usability heuristics are general and could be open to different interpretations that make understanding them and implementing them difficult for novices. To make the usability heuristics clearer and more purposeful, they should be mapped to the overall goal of the evaluation. There are generally two main goals. One is to enable users to accomplish their goals in a given system, and the other is to enable them to accomplish their goals easily. In this work, we mapped Nielsen's usability heuristics to the aforementioned goals.
A PC course-which way is the frontier?

A new course in an area of microcomputers has resulted from requests by other out-of-area faculty. It was desired to establish a course that would be different from software or PC-as-a-computing-tool courses, as well as to one different from beginning microprocessor courses. The complexity of PC hardware presented a problem-since detailed exploration of the PC itself was inappropriate, should students build boards, add to existing boards, or use pre-built boards? How could the course avoid software obsolescence? Should students interface to DOS or Windows, and should they develop custom graphical interfaces? How much software can be learned when there is such a large hardware content? Should this be called a Junior, Senior or Graduate course? There were conflicting suggestions and recommendations. The issues and politics of these decisions are described Finally, the challenge of teaching a course in an area where the instructor is not yet an expert is described. Steps to finding help and ways to keep up to date are suggested.
Disparities in Oral Health among School-Aged Children in Kansas

Background: The effects of age, rural-urban geographic location, and percentage of Free and Reduced Price Meal Program (FRPMP) participation on children’s oral health outcome measures (untreated decay, treated decay, and sealants) have not been fully explored in Kansas. Methods: The current study utilized a surveillance sample of 140,217 children (grades K through 12) attending 200 schools in Kansas, which requested screening assistance from the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) from 2012 to 2013. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify significant factors associated with oral health outcome measures. Results: Older children were associated with decreased odds of having untreated decay, and increased odds of having treated decay and sealants. Children attending very rural schools had increased odds of untreated and treated decay and decreased odds of presence of sealants. For every 5% increase in the school-level %FRPMP, the odds of having untreated and treated decay increased by 5% and 3%, respectively. However, %FRPMP was not statistically associated with the presence of sealants. Conclusions: Children attending schools in very rural and rural areas appear to have worse oral health outcomes, as measured by higher proportions of untreated and treated decay, and a smaller proportion of presence of sealants.
Sequence of Bovine Liver Glutamate Dehydrogenase VI. PEPTIDES FROM TRYPTIC AND THERMOLYSIN HYDROLYSATES OF TWO LARGE CYANOGEN BROMIDE FRAGMENTS

Abstract A mixture containing predominantly two large peptides, CNBr2 and CNBr10, from carboxymethylated glutamate dehydrogenase of bovine liver was investigated by studying two types of enzymic hydrolysates. In the first case, the mixture was maleylated and hydrolyzed with trypsin and the resulting peptides were isolated. In the second study 14C was present in the carboxymethyl groups. The mixture was hydrolyzed with thermolysin and the resulting peptides were isolated. From these studies it was possible to provide a number of important overlapping sequences, to confirm the sequence in certain critical areas, and to conclude that no sequence containing a cysteine residue was missing. From the results it appears likely that no part of the sequence of the enzyme is missing.
Mercury(II) Oxide-Modified Hunsdiecker Reaction: 1-Bromo-3-chlorocyclobutane

Mercury(II) oxide-modified Hunsdiecker reaction: 1-bromo-3-chlorocyclobutane product: 1-bromo-3-chlorocyclobutane Keywords: decarboxylation; halogenation, bromination
Respiratory effects of a patent ductus arteriosus in premature newborn lambs.

We examined the respiratory effects of a patent ductus arteriosus in 29 premature lambs (131-135 days gestational age) after infiltrating the ductal wall with formaldehyde solution (Formalin) and placing a snare around the ductus to regulate its patency. The lambs were given sheep surfactant, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated at birth. We first compared 8 lambs with open ductus and 13 lambs with closed ductus during the 12 h after birth. Although lambs with open ductus had greater pulmonary blood flow (301 +/- 36 vs. 188 +/- 11 ml.min-1.kg-1, mean +/- SE, at 12 h of age) and mean pulmonary arterial (44 +/- 3 vs. 33 +/- 2 mmHg) and left ventricular end-diastolic (6 +/- 0.6 vs 4 +/- 0.7 mmHg) pressures, we found no differences in dynamic respiratory compliance (Cdyn = 0.55 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.55 +/- 0.03 ml.cmH2O-1.kg-1), midtidal volume resistance (62 +/- 5 X 10(-3) vs. 62 +/- 7 X 10(-3) cmH2O.ml-1.s), or functional residual capacity (FRC = 27 +/- 3 vs. 26 +/- 2 ml.kg-1). Alveolar-arterial PO2 difference was lower in the lambs with open ductus (238 +/- 65 vs. 362 +/- 37 Torr). Next, we challenged eight lambs with two separate saline infusions (50 ml.kg-1 over 3 min), each given with the ductus alternately closed or open. When the ductus was closed, FRC was unchanged, but Cdyn increased by 18% immediately after the infusion. When the ductus was open, FRC decreased by 16% and Cdyn decreased by 12%. We conclude that the premature lamb is surprisingly resistant to changes in respiratory function from ductal patency during the immediate neonatal period.
Live birth resulting from in-office vas deferens sperm retrieval combined with natural-cycle insemination

In-office retrieval of spermatozoa from the vas deferens was successfully combined with intra-uterine insemination of the wife during her natural cycle in the case of a man with azoospermia due to a non-correctable obstruction of the vas deferens. The combined cost of both procedures (sperm retrieval and intra-uterine insemination with processed spermatozoa) was less than $1000. The cost and convenience compare quite favourably with that of epididymis sperm aspiration combined with in-vitro fertilization, which is the currently recommended alternative treatment in such cases. These alternative therapies are compared and discussed relative to their advantages and disadvantages. Our technique for in-office vas deferens sperm retrieval is also presented.
Where the Low Road and the High Road Meet: Flexible Employment in Global Value Chains

Abstract This article examines production organisation and employment patterns in the export-orientated centres of Denizli (Turkey) and Tiruppur (India). It argues that Denizli and Tiruppur's involvement in global value chains has resulted in segmented production patterns and insecure employment arrangements. Larger producers use sub-contractors as a strategy to mediate the instability of international contracts and pass the uncertainty in their global linkages on to smaller firms and their workforces. Such flux, then, has become a regularised feature of manufacturing work within the ranks of sub-contractors. Employers have solidified these production arrangements by recruiting rural and female workers. The article sheds light on the relationship between new production forms and rising employment insecurity.
Self-reported body-rocking and other habits in college students.

Abstract A brief survey of eight motor habits, including body-rocking, was administered to two large samples of college undergraduates. A subsample was retested to establish survey reliability and ...
Testing the effectiveness of regulatory interest rate risk measurement

A depository institution's interest rate risk (IRR) exposure is the sensitivity of its earnings or market value of equity to changes in interest rates. Since the mid-1980's, bank regulators have developed broadly applied, centralized IRR models which are used to help assess individual institutions' capital adequacy. This paper tests the effectiveness of the earliest of these regulatory IRR models: the incomegap estimates calculated by the Federal Home Loan Bank Board (FHLBB) during the latter 1980's. Despite the many problems caused by the broad application of generic assumptions and the presence of embedded options, we find that the FHLBB gap estimates provided a significant measure of IRR exposure. We believe that these results bode well for the success of ongoing, more sophisticated regulatory modeling efforts.
Variability in the frequency of sister-chromatid exchange in larvae of Mytilus edulis: implications for field monitoring

Abstract Striking variation in the frequency of sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) was detected in progeny of different groups of field-collected and control Mytilus edulis adults. The results demonstrate that there is no intrinsic limit to the frequency of occurrence of SCE in mussel larvae. The results imply that the mussel larval SCE assay may have greater sensitivity than indicated by previous studies of SCE induction by direct exposures of larvae to SCE-inducing chemicals. In addition, although the cause of the high SCE frequencies is unknown, the observations indicate that direct analysis of transgenerational transfer of genotoxic agents should be performed. With further study, this assay may be useful in detecting environmental exposures to genotoxic contaminants.
Description of a venous technique for selective coronary arteriography in newborns with d-transposition of the great arteries

An accurate description of the coronary anatomy is desired before anatomic correction of d-transposition of the great arteries. Two-dimensional echocardiography and aortic root angiography are occasionally unable to delineate the coronary arteries. In neonates, the arterial approach for selective coronary arteriography is difficult and may compromise visceral and lower limb perfusion. A venous technique was used in two newborns to define selectively the coronary origins and their distribution. The venous approach for selective coronary arteriography may be effective in the evaluation of newborns with d-transposition of the great arteries when echocardiography inadequately defines the coronary circulation.