cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Meaningful Use: Staff Led Design for a New Perinatal Electronic Health Record

Professional Issues Poster Presentation Purpose for the Program There is no greater current challenge for healthcare organizations than clinical information and documentation. It is through the gathering and strategic use of accessible information about the patient, care provided, and outcomes that we will be able to measure and improve efficacy of care. Proposed Change With the evolution and implementation of the electronic health record (EHR) in 2011, Palomar Health launched the process to support the health system documentation, trend analysis, and business practices in both low‐risk and high‐risk practice settings. The addition of the perinatal EHR documentation component was strategically planned for phase two of the implementation. This phase also included the retiring of a legacy system currently being used for documentation by the obstetrics service line at multiple locations. Implementation, Outcomes, and Evaluation This project blends documentation design and validation, continuing education, and ongoing performance improvement to achieve regulatory compliance and goals. The perinatal EHR is intended to provide all members of the healthcare team with comprehensive, accurate, and timely patient information. Staff‐led teams completed a design review of data collection, clinical, and registration forms, along with integration to surgical scheduling and documentation. In addition, key standardized reports were identified. These reports support statistical analysis of delivery data as well as department statistics. An aggressive timeline was set with postimplementation benefits identified and measured. Implications for Nursing Practice The project work correlates nicely with the establishment of a freestanding Women's Hospital and alignment to standardize practice and policy as well as strengthen relationships within the health system. Staff and leaders from both sites were instrumental in the success of the project. The next phase of this project continues to focus on strategic alignment of policy and practice with the creation of custom reports and advanced data abstraction for benchmarking.
Assessing it service-learning

Service-Learning is the delivery of a service to the community within the context of an educational program of study. Going further, it is a form of experiential learning, applying what was learned within a classroom or laboratory setting to problems of the real world. Using service-learning, students in information technology can experience the unstructured problems of a real world situation while having the structure of a university course. While one major goal of service-learning is service, the delivery of some benefit to the community partner, the other major goal is for the students to achieve the learning that is part of the department's education objectives. It is therefore a pedagogy which should be investigated for efficacy as any other pedagogy would be. This paper investigates how information technology based service-learning could be measured for both service and learning. For service, a longer term follow-up with the non-profit partners is presented. The purpose is to ascertain if the service learning project really did help the non-profit partners provide their services better, or, conversely, if the service-learning project was really a "feel good" project for the student and a "promotion" project for the community partner. For the learning portion of service-learning, a review of assessment methods is presented. These methods look at two areas, the application of Information Technology domain specific hard skills and also the application of other skills such as teamwork, communication, and project management. The use of a project postmortem is proposed as a reflective exercise to measure how the student participants have been changed in the process.
Passive scalar entrainment and mixing in a forced, spatially-developing mixing layer

Numerical simulations are performed for the forced, spatially-developing plane mixing layer in two and three dimensions. Transport of a passive scalar field is included in the computation. This, together with the allowance for spatial development in the simulations, affords the opportunity for study of the asymmetric entrainment of irrotational fluid into the layer. The inclusion of a passive scalar field provides a means for simulating the effect of this entrainment asymmetry on the generation of 'products' from a 'fast' chemical reaction. Further, the three-dimensional simulations provide useful insight into the effect of streamwise structures on these entrainment and 'fast' reaction processes. Results from a two-dimensional simulation indicate 1.22 parts high-speed fluid are entrained for every one part low-speed fluid. Inclusion of streamwise vortices at the inlet plane of a three-dimensional simulation indicate a further increase in asymmetric entrainment - 1.44:1. Results from a final three-dimensional simulation are presented. In this case, a random velocity perturbation is imposed at the inlet plane. The results indicate the 'natural' development of the large spanwise structures characteristic of the mixing layer.
Conventional Politics Takes Center Stage: The Latino Struggle against English-Only Laws

While policies usually mirrorpublic preferences, policies that establish English as a state's official language - English-only laws - are an exception. Despite overwhelmingAnglo support, only 15 state legislatures have enacted an English-only statute in the last 70 years. To understand the relative infrequency with which this policy is adopted, I examine the impact that the main challenging group, Latinos, had on limiting adoption of the policy across U.S. states. Results indicate that net of political opportunities and extrainstitutional Latino resources, institutional Latino resources (voting blocs and state legislators) helped prevent the enactmenit of English-only statutes by state legislatures. Such political influence, however, disappeared when I examined English-only laws adopted by voters through citizen-initiated referenda. Thus Latino influence occurred only where advocates of the policy operated in a constrained political environment in which they could not circumvent legislative channels. I conclude with a discussion of the conditions that made Latino institutional leverage important in these policy struggles and the implications this study holds for approaches to social movements and their policy outcomes.
Enzymatic determination of acetazolamide in human plasma

Abstract An enzymatic method utilizing carbonic anhydrase has been evaluated for the determination of acetazolamide in human plasma. A modified procedure, which is accurate, precise and rapid and is useful for bioavailability studies, is described.
Source Mechanisms for Unit Activity in Isolated Crayfish Central Nervous System

As a tool for the identification of source mechanisms underlying the activity of single interneurons in the isolated crayfish abdominal cord, pulse trains from a sample of such neurons are statistically described (shape, mean, standard deviation, and serial correlation coefficient of interval distributions). These statistics were measured under four independent means of obtaining different average frequencies: (a) naturally occurring frequencies under standard conditions, (b) temperature control, (c) dc polarization, and (d) electrical stimulation of presynaptic fibers. 40 of 44 units studied had unimodal histograms, symmetrical when the mean interval was small and positively skewed with large means. Under standard conditions these units had SD = k (mean)n, with n approximately 2. Fifteen single units were caused to fire at varied frequencies by cooling or dc stimulation. The resulting SD-vs.-mean plots for single units showed: (a)all points for a given unit fell approximately on a single line, regardless of whether temperature, dc, or neither was used to vary frequency, and (b) the average value of n (slope of log SD vs. log mean) for the fifteen units was 1.9 ± 0.2. A paradox arises from interpretation of these data via gamma distributions. It is concluded that most of the spontaneous activity in the isolated abdominal cord may result from pacemaker activity within each cell and does not require a network of active units. Finally, the fact that the SD-mean relation was found not to depend measurably on temperature is interpreted as a useful restriction on models for neuronal noise processes.
Effects of nadolol on hemodynamic and hemostatic responses to potential mental and physical triggers of myocardial infarction in subjects with mild systemic hypertension

Abstract Although β-adrenergic blocking agents are known to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, the mechanism of this protective effect is not well understood. The recent demonstration that β blockers selectively blunt the increased morning risk of myocardial infarction suggests that these agents block the pathophysiologic consequences of stressors concentrated in the morning. We determined the effect of nadolol on the hemodynamic and hemostatic responses to mental stress and isometric exertion (handgrip), 2 potential triggers of infarction. The study was conducted in 15 subjects with mild systemic hypertension, using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design. Nadolol reduced systolic pressure and heart rate after mental stress. Poststress systolic pressure was 139 ± 4 mm Hg during therapy with nadolol versus 161 ± 4 mm Hg during placebo administration (p
Enhanced optical forces in hybrid plasmonic devices

We demonstrate that the optical force exerted on a suspended dielectric waveguide coupled to a metallic substrate is greatly enhanced compared to dielectric substrate, due to subwavelength optical energy confinement in the hybrid plasmonic mode.
The State and Politics in Japan

Acknowledments. Glossary of Abbreviations and Japanese Terms. List of Names. Map 1: East Asia. Map 2: Japan. Introduction. Part I History. 1 Restoration and Reform in Meiji Japan. 2 Political History 1905--1945. 3 Post--war Recreation of the Japanese State -- occupation and aftermath. Part II Parties. 4 Conservatives and Their Allies. 5 Socialists and Their Allies. 6 Party Politics 1992--2000 -- towards a new system. Part III Structures. 7 Bureaucratic Structures and Their Reform. 8 Parliament. 9 Local Government. Part IV Policies. 10 Foreign and Defence Policy. 11 Industrial Policy. 12 Social Welfare Policies. 13 Human Rights in Japan. Conclusion. References. Index
A structural determinant of hemispheric processing of pictorial material.

Abstract A qualitative difference of processing type by the two cerebral hemispheres was demonstrated in a picture arrangement task which involved a concept of temporal sequence. Half the sequences were designed to rely on analytic categorical processes and half on configurational processes. The subjects were patients with unilateral hemispheric damage of vascular etiology. Using two measures of performance, latency and errors, patients with right hemisphere damage were seen to be relatively impaired on those sequences designed to employ hypothesized right hemisphere (configurational) processing and patients with left hemisphere damage were seen to be relatively impaired on those sequences designed to employ hypothesized left hemisphere (categorical) processing.
Automatic Generation of Validated Specific Epitope Sets

Accurate measurement of B and T cell responses is a valuable tool to study autoimmunity, allergies, immunity to pathogens, and host-pathogen interactions and assist in the design and evaluation of T cell vaccines and immunotherapies. In this context, it is desirable to elucidate a method to select validated reference sets of epitopes to allow detection of T and B cells. However, the ever-growing information contained in the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and the differences in quality and subjects studied between epitope assays make this task complicated. In this study, we develop a novel method to automatically select reference epitope sets according to a categorization system employed by the IEDB. From the sets generated, three epitope sets (EBV, mycobacteria and dengue) were experimentally validated by detection of T cell reactivity ex vivo from human donors. Furthermore, a web application that will potentially be implemented in the IEDB was created to allow users the capacity to generate customized epitope sets.
The Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment program: Oregon emergency medical technicians' practical experiences and attitudes.

Objectives: To evaluate emergency medical technicians' (EMTs) experiences with the Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) program and learn about attitudes regarding its effectiveness. Design: Anonymous survey mailed to a stratified random sample. Setting: Tri-County Portland, Oregon, area. Participants: A total of 572 Oregon EMT respondents (out of 1,048 surveys) were included in the analysis. Measurements: Survey questions about experiences with the POLST form and opinions about POLST. Results: Respondents were mostly male (76%) and paramedics (66%). Most respondents (73%) had treated a patient with a POLST, and 74% reported receiving education about POLST. EMTs reported that POLST, when present, changed treatment in 45% of cases. Seventy-five percent of the respondents agreed that the POLST form provides clear instructions about patient preferences, and 93% agreed that the POLST form is useful in determining which treatments to provide when the patient is in cardiopulmonary arrest. Fewer (63%) agreed that the form is useful in determining treatments when the patient has a pulse and is breathing. Conclusion: Most respondents have experience with the POLST program. EMTs find the POLST form useful and often use it to change treatment decisions for patients.
The HgFET: a new characterization tool for SOI silicon film properties

Summary form only given. SOI starting wafer characterization relies heavily on non-destructive measurements such as thickness, uniformity, and lifetime. Leakage current through the BOX is sometimes measured and used to determine an electrical defect density. The electrical quality of the Si film is less well known. One device that can be used to assess Si film properties is the "pseudo-FET" in which point contacts made to the film act as the source and drain while the substrate and BOX act as the gate electrode and oxide. However, the point contacts act as Schottky barriers and the characteristics are pressure sensitive, somewhat limiting the properties that can be measured. A new version of the pseudo-FET called the HgFET is described here, in which a combination of broad area Hg electrodes coupled with special surface treatment are used to overcome the limitations of point contacts. The HgFET can be used for quality control of the starting Si film, yielding the electron and hole mobilities, the BOX charge, the interface state density, the doping level, the hole and electron transconductances, the flatband voltage, the linear and saturated threshold voltages, and the mobility versus field.
Interactive user-friendly image analysis of cardiac PET images on a low cost desktop computer

The authors developed and validated user-friendly positron emission tomography (PET) image processing software for the semiquantitative and quantitative analysis of static, dynamic, and gated cardiac PET images. This software is based on the intuitive graphical user interface of a Macintosh II computer and can be used by medical personnel with limited computer expertise. It has been validated and is used routinely for both research purposes and clinical analysis at the PET center of UCLA. >
The effect of non-constant Γn on the resonant absorption of neutrons

Abstract A key assumption in the usual computations of Doppler broadening is to ignore the dependence of Γ ( j ) on the state of the compound nucleus. This is an excellent approximation for the γ-emission contribution to Γ ( j ). It is not so clear that it is as good for the neutron contribution. In this paper, we derive an expression for Γ n ( j ) and show that the effect of the dependence of Γ n ( j ) on the intermediate energy of the target ϵ j is not significant for an ideal gas, so that the absorption line shape is identical to the absorption line shape in which Γ n is constant. Therefore, the effects of j dependence Γ n ( j ) on the absorption cross section is not significant.
The Extraction of a Bacillus anthracis Surrogate from HVAC Filters

Developing a quick and inexpensive method to extract bacteria from HVAC filters can provide valuable information on the extent of contamination of a building after a release of pathogenic microorganisms. In order to identify the preferred extraction procedure of Bacillus thuringiensis HD1011 from a pleated filter with a minimum efficiency reporting value of 7, different agitation methods were varied systematically. This study shows that the vortex–shake extraction procedure was found to be significantly more efficient when preceded by sonication; the vortex–shake sequence had a mean of 0.49 (0.3–0.77) CFUs (colony forming units) compared to 1.3 (0.8–2.1) CFUs for sonicate–vortex–shake agitation. The control data suggested that growth was occurring when the filter was present in the bacterial solution, and this was investigated further. The data with no filter ever present produced a mean of 0.37 (0.14–0.47) CFU compared to the means of 0.85 (0.52–1.35) CFU and 1.07 (0.65–1.74) CFUs, respectively, for when...
The binary Multi-SVM voting system for protein subcellular localization prediction

Support Vector Machine (SVM) as a learning system has been widely employed for pattern recognition and data classification tasks such as biological data classification. Choosing appropriate parameters are essential for SVM to achieve a high global performance. In this paper, we propose a new binary multi-SVM voting system without difficult parameter selection for protein subcellular localization prediction. The sufficient experimental results demonstrate that the multi-SVM voting system can achieve higher average prediction accuracies for the protein subcellular localization prediction than the traditional single-SVM system.
Cannabinoid Receptor-induced Neurite Outgrowth Is Mediated by Rap1 Activation through Gαo/i-triggered Proteasomal Degradation of Rap1GAPII

The G(alpha)o/i-coupled CB1 cannabionoid receptor induces neurite outgrowth in Neuro-2A cells. The mechanisms of signaling through G(alpha)o/i to induce neurite outgrowth were studied. The expression of G(alpha)o/i reduces the stability of its direct interactor protein, Rap1GAPII, by targeting it for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. This results in the activation of Rap1. G(alpha)o/i-induced activation of endogenous Rap1 in Neuro-2A cells is blocked by the proteasomal inhibitor lactacystin. G(alpha)o/i stimulates neurite outgrowth that is blocked by the expression of dominant negative Rap1. Expression of Rap1GAPII also blocks the G(alpha)o/i-induced neurite outgrowth and treatment with proteasomal inhibitors potentiates this inhibition. The endogenous G(alpha)o/i-coupled cannabinoid (CB1) receptor in Neuro-2A cells stimulates the degradation of Rap1GAPII; activation of Rap1 and treatment with pertussis toxin or lactacystin blocks these effects. The CB1 receptor-stimulated neurite outgrowth is blocked by treatment with pertussis toxin, small interfering RNA for Rap, lactacystin, and expression of Rap1GAPII. Thus, the G(alpha)o/i-coupled cannabinoid receptor, by regulating the proteasomal degradation of Rap1GAPII, activates Rap1 to induce neurite outgrowth.
Regulation of cell–cell contact molecules and the metastatic phenotype of medullary thyroid carcinoma by the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway

Background Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is highly metastatic. We have recently reported that activation of the Raf-1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in MTC cells results in morphologic changes. We hypothesized that Raf-1–induced morphologic changes could be associated with alterations in cell–cell contact molecules, thereby affecting the metastatic potential of MTC cells. Methods An estradiol (E 2 )-inducible Raf-1 MTC cell line (TT-raf) was utilized in this study. Western blot analysis was used to confirm the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway activation and to measure levels of essential cell–cell contact molecules. Assays for cell adhesion and migration were performed to investigate the cell motility. Results E 2 treatment of TT-raf cells resulted in the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway activation as evidenced by increased levels of phospho-MEK1/2 and -ERK1/2. This resulted in significant reductions in levels of essential cell–cell contact molecules including E-cadherin, β-catenin, and occludin. Importantly, activation of the Raf-1/ MEK/ERK pathway and the associated decrease in essential cell–cell contact molecules dramatically inhibited the abilities of adhesion and migration in MTC cells. Furthermore, treatment of Raf-1–activated cells with U0126, a specific inhibitor of MEK, abrogated these Raf-1–induced effects indicating that the suppression of the metastatic phenotype in MTC cells is a MEK-dependent pathway. Conclusion These data suggest that the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway regulates essential cell–cell contact molecules and metastatic phenotype of MTC cells. Thus, these findings provide further insight into the key steps in the metastatic progression of MTC.
Min-norm linear prediction for arbitrary sensor arrays

The authors present a min-norm algorithm for estimating the directions of arrival of signals impinging on a sensor array of arbitrary geometry. The algorithm is an extension of the min-norm algorithm derived by R. Kumaresan and D.W. Tufts (1983) for the case of a uniform line array. A perturbation analysis for this arbitrary array min-norm method is also presented, and analytical formulas that predict the variance of the estimated directions are given. Simulations with a circular array demonstrate the algorithm as well as verify the performance analysis. >
Realizing the intended outcomes of Brown: High-achieving African American male undergraduates and social capital

Equitable access to social mobility and advancement through education were among the intended outcomes of the Brown v. Board of Education case and related legislation. Despite this, scholars have illuminated the ways in which colleges, universities, and schools continually disadvantage African American male students. Although the evidence overwhelmingly confirms that many of the goals and promises of Brown remain unfulfilled, a different perspective is offered in this article. Specifically, ways in which high-achieving African American male undergraduates gain, negotiate, and benefit from access to powerful social networks on predominantly White campuses are presented herein. Findings from interviews with 32 high achievers at six large public research universities show a clear nexus between campus leadership, active out-of-class engagement, and the acquisition of social capital. The ways in which the participants leveraged their access to social networks and activated their social capital for goal actuali...
The Role of Music in Materializing Politics

What is the role of music in materializing politics? Is there a connection between political action and music? If there is a linkage, what is it and how does it operate? If music is considered to have a position in a particular political movement—to index social change—for traditionally marginalized people, how are we to describe its circulation, reception, and reproduction? If we look to the political history of the United States, we find, for example, that civil rights demonstrators created human chains and sang “Amazing Grace” as they walked into human walls of police, facing imminent violence. More recently, participants at the 2004 Republican and Democratic National Conventions sang “Amazing Grace.” Is there a special connection between political disposition, music, and the outcome of their interaction?
Sparsity-based deartifacting filtering in video compression

In the last years, many sparsity based denoising approaches for image/video denoising have been proposed. Most of them exploit the image/video sparsity model under certain overcomplete basis. In this paper, we unify three sparsity-based denoising techniques and apply them to the problem of video compression artifacts removal. We compare and analyze the three techniques from the aspects of operation atom, transform dimensionality, and quantization impact. Based on the provided analysis, the paper may serve as a guideline to apply sparsity-based denoising techniques to related problems.
Sympathetic Innervation of the Developing Rabbit Heart: Biochemical and Histochemical Comparisons of Fetal, Neonatal, and Adult Myocardium

The sympathetic innervation of the rabbit heart, as a function of age, was studied by measuring the cardiac concentration of catecholamines and observing the anatomic distribution of sympathetic nerves by the monoamine fluorescense technique. The cardiac concentration of norepinephrine in late gestation was quite low; the levels rose progressively after birth to reach adult levels by about three weeks of age. Similar small amounts of epinephrine were found in the hearts at all ages. Substantially less change in adrenal catecholamines accompanied advancing age. At all ages a close correlation was noted between the norepinephrine levels and the histochemical demonstration of sympathetic innervation. Intensely fluorescent, terminal varicosities were observed within large preterminal nerve trunks only in the youngest animals, suggesting that the sympathetic nerves move into, rather than form within, the heart. Chromaffin cells were observed in the hearts at all ages.
Grip Lock Injury Resulting in Extensor Tendon Pseudorupture: Case Report

Grip lock injuries are uncommon, potentially devastating occurrences in male gymnasts performing high bar routines, and typically cause severe wrist sprains or forearm fractures. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of a 24-year-old former collegiate gymnast surgically treated for complete loss of index and long finger extension (pseudorupture) after a grip lock injury. Intraoperative evaluation 3 weeks after injury revealed profound intratendinous attenuation of index and long finger extensors with adhesions in the fourth compartment. We performed tenolysis and imbrication of the affected tendons. At 12-month follow-up, the patient had no pain, full digital range of motion with the wrist in neutral, but residual extensor lag with the wrist in extension. He had returned to gymnastics with some apprehension. This case broadens the known spectrum of grip lock injuries.
Biotransformation of Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine (RDX) by a Rabbit Liver Cytochrome P450: Insight into the Mechanism of RDX Biodegradation by Rhodococcus sp. Strain DN22

A unique metabolite with a molecular mass of 119 Da (C2H5N3O3) accumulated during biotransformation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 (D. Fournier, A. Halasz, J. C. Spain, P. Fiurasek, and J. Hawari, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:166-172, 2002). The structure of the molecule and the reactions that led to its synthesis were not known. In the present study, we produced and purified the unknown metabolite by biotransformation of RDX with Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 and identified the molecule as 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal using nuclear magnetic resonance and elemental analyses. Furthermore, we tested the hypothesis that a cytochrome P450 enzyme was responsible for RDX biotransformation by strain DN22. A cytochrome P450 2B4 from rabbit liver catalyzed a very similar biotransformation of RDX to 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal. Both the cytochrome P450 2B4 and intact cells of Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 catalyzed the release of two nitrite ions from each reacted RDX molecule. A comparative study of cytochrome P450 2B4 and Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 revealed substantial similarities in the product distribution and inhibition by cytochrome P450 inhibitors. The experimental evidence led us to propose that cytochrome P450 2B4 can catalyze two single electron transfers to RDX, thereby causing double denitration, which leads to spontaneous hydrolytic ring cleavage and decomposition to produce 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal. Our results provide strong evidence that a cytochrome P450 enzyme is the key enzyme responsible for RDX biotransformation by Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22.
Optimization of hyperthermia with CT scanning.

In a prospective study CT scanning was used to evaluate the precision of thermometry catheter placement in tumours in the head and neck or on the chest wall in 30 consecutive patients prior to hyperthemia treatment. Patients had variable-sized tumours from several primary sites. Thermometry catheter placement was guided by palpation with or without a prior CT scan. Catheter placement was confirmed by CT. All lesions were less than 8×8×6 cm (L×W×D) in size. A mean of 4.2±0-2 (±1 SEM, range 2–7) closed-end polyurethane catheters were inserted orthogonally by the same experienced radiation oncologist. Horizontal thermometry catheters were intended to traverse the centre and base of the tumour mass, and a vertical catheter was often inserted to intersect a horizontal catheter. After catheter placement, wire cables with 1 cm spacings were inserted into the catheters and positions determined using orthogonal films and CT scans. The success of catheter placement was judged on the following criteria: (1) catheter...
The Effects of Maturity and Preservation Method on Nutrient Composition and Digestibility of Master Graze

The objective of experiment two was to evaluate the effects of maturity and harvest preservation method on Master Graze (MG) nutrient composition and digestibility. The MG was harvested on June 28 (Cut 1; 48 days), July 20 (Cut 2; 69 days), and August 12 (Cut 3; 92 days) and samples were then preserved using three different preservation methods (oven-dried hay (HAY), ensiled (SIL), or freeze dried (FD)) at each maturity. The collected samples were then analyzed for organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and lignin. The OM content was similar for Cut 2 and Cut 3 and both were higher (P 0.05) by preservation methods, while the CP digestibility was higher (P < 0.03) with the FD (61.6%) than the HAY (51.4%). In conclusion, the nutrient composition and digestibility of the MG were both affected by stage of the maturity and preservation method. The nutritional quality of MG decreased with advanced maturity and the MG digestibility was higher when FD preservation method was used.
High‐Temperature Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Materials: IV, Sintered Mullite Bodies

An attempt was made to sinter relatively pure 3A12O3-2SiO2 and 2A12O3-SiO2 compositions to low porosities at 1710° and 1650°C, respectively, using an addition of 1% MgO to each body to facilitate the reaction. The 3A12O3-2SiO2 body sintered to a porosity of 7.1% and was practically all mullite. The 2Al2O3SiO2 body sintered to a porosity of 10.9% and was composed of mullite and corundum. Strength and elastic modulus measurements were made at several temperatures up to 1200°C, and some observations of the load-bearing properties were made.
UTD diffraction coefficient for dielectric plate junctions

An approximate uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) coefficient is determined for the junction between two material plates. It is based on an extension of the heuristic diffraction coefficient for knife-edged plates. The geometry is illustrated. The wedge angle can be arbitrarily defined. The source and receiver can be on the same or opposite sides of the plates. This result is useful for many applications. It can be used to determine the diffraction of waves around and through building corners. It can also be used in analysing radomes. The theory is validated by comparisons to a two dimensional moment method solution.
Oral health and the quality of life

The study of the impact of oral diseases and conditions on individuals and societies has been slow to develop but has made major progress during the 1980s. Not only did improvements in understanding oral quality of life require developing and using more social and behavioral outcome measures, it required reassessing clinical indices. Reports on oral quality of life to date are often based on investigations that originally had other purposes; consequently there is inconsistent evidence about the associations among oral health, general health, and quality of life. In fact, in much of the cited literature the evidence is equivocal. Yet, in more recent research designed specifically to investigate quality of life (Meei-Shia Chen, PhD, personal communication, 1991), it is evident that orofacial conditions, diseases, and pain can be disruptive and can have considerable impacts at both the individual and societal levels in terms of reduction in normal activities; conversely, medical and social conditions can affect oral health. It is notable that across studies there is an incongruence between health care professional and patient assessments of quality of life--they view the issues differently. Although oral diseases are very prevalent, the early symptoms are often not severe, leading many individuals to disregard them, or if acknowledged, to define them as normal or unimportant. This may reflect a form of fatalism, i.e., their oral health is as good as could be expected. It is necessary to assess oral health and quality of life over time. Individuals indicating satisfaction or dissatisfaction with appearance, function, and self-esteem at one point in time are doing so against a framework of immediate or long-term expectations. In regard to specific procedures, such as surgery or dentures, it is necessary to know what the individual expects if the health care professional is to provide improvements in perceived and actual quality of life. Similarly, it is difficult to provide meaningful interpretation of self-assessed physical and social functioning and appearance against clinical measures, if the level of earlier dysfunction is not known. For example, in the case of full denture wearers, the evidence might be interpreted to suggest that these individuals have excellent oral quality of life. Without taking into account the extent of physical and social dysfunction and poor appearance prior to the dentures, and the consequent improvement against this base, it is impossible to evaluate and consequently improve quality of life. Understanding this process requires longitudinal studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Fear and Federalism

Setting to one side the values American federalism serves, this Article broaches the mirror-image question of the fears against which it safeguards, and in so doing is able to derive some fresh insights. Traditional fears of national power and fears for state autonomy still frame our rhetoric today, yet can seem conjectural, fallacious, or overblown. However, some characterstic fears persist in our national consciousness because they touch on policies of intrinsic importance, and as to these it is immaterial whether or not there is any imminent threat. The weightiest of these concerns, interestingly, is identified as having to do with delivery of certain vital governmental services. It is argued that it is national, not state, policy that requires such services to be delivered locally. This policy, embedded in American ideals, warrants retention of some judicial review in cases adjudicating allocations of power between state and nation. But this Article questions the utility of current theories of federalism to limit national powers touching on these ideals. A clarified jurisprudence is called for, in which the limits on national power are best expressed as functions of the national interest itself.
A Big Bang in spliceosome structural biology

Look at a protein-coding gene in the genome of any eukaryote—be it animal, plant, fungus, or protist—and you will likely find the coding region fragmented by intervening sequences known as introns. When the gene is transcribed, these introns have to be removed from the pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) before a protein can be made. How these introns are removed has been studied intensively for decades without the aid of a three-dimensional map of the highly dynamic machine at the heart of the process: the spliceosome. On page [1416][1] of this issue, Agafonov et al. report the first molecular-resolution reconstruction of a central assembly of the human spliceosome, the U4/U6.U5 triple small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (tri-snRNP) complex, using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) ( 1 ). Together with high-resolution cryo-EM reconstructions of spliceosome assemblies from fungi (2-5) and the x-ray crystal structure of the U1 snRNP (6), these structural models of the splicing machinery launch a new era in understanding eukaryotic gene regulation. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aad2085
Triplet ground state derivative of aza-m-xylylene diradical with large singlet-triplet energy gap.

Organic molecules with a strong preference for triplet ground states, in which the triplet state is below the lowest singlet state by ≥10 kcal/mol, are typically short-lived and mostly detected as reactive intermediates. We now report a triplet ground state derivative of aza-m-xylylene diradical with a large singlet−triplet energy gap (ΔEST) of ∼10 kcal/mol, which is comparable to ΔEST for the well-known reactive intermediate m-xylylene diradical. The aminyl diradical persists in solution at room temperature on the time scale of minutes.
EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION ON TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS OF P-AMINOHIPPURATE BY RABBIT KIDNEY SLICES.

SummaryStudies indicate that PAH accumulation by thin slices of rabbit renal cortex shows a sharp pH optimum at 8.1 to 8.3. At the pH optimum, acetate does not show stimulation of PAH uptake that is characteristic of its effect at physiological pH. The displacement of previously accumulated PAH does not show a sharp pH dependence.
On the Design of an Active Debris Removal Architecture for Low Earth Orbit Space Debris Remediation

Recent studies indicate a significant need for increased remediation efforts of the low Earth orbit (LEO) debris environment. Without active debris removal (ADR), the LEO debris population will grow at an ever-increasing rate, eventually preventing any form of sustainable space operations. Based on evolutionary debris field simulations from the literature in conjunction with available tracking data, a set of debris are selected for removal from the LEO population, and performance requirements for an ADR mission to LEO to
A novel experimental technique for biaxial testing of a composite laminate with matrix damage

Matrix damage, in the form of cracks parallel to the fiber, is a common failure mode for composite laminates, yet little is known concerning the associated shear modulus degradation. This study proposes a novel experimental technique to study shear modulus degradation under biaxial loading. An Iosipescu coupon was modified that induced transverse tension and compression loads while applying shear loading. The axial loads were induced using unbalanced layups with coupled normal–shear response. An analytical, closed-form solution was generalized to include unbalanced layups under a shear loading boundary condition. It was observed that the shear modulus degradation depends on the normal stress acting on the matrix transverse cracks. While compressive normal stress increased the effective shear modulus, the tension normal stress reduced the shear modulus, compared to pure shear loading.
Quantification of left ventricular myocardial deformation using ultrasound-based strain rate imaging in healthy children

Objectives To quantitatively evaluate strain rate of left ventricle (LV)and the relationship with age in normal children. Methods 92 healthy children were divided into four groups according to their age. GE Vivid 7 equipped with a M3S probe and Q-analysis software were used to study strain rate of all 18 segments of LV. Results LV longitudinal peak systolic strain rates were decreased gradually from basal to apical segments,significant differences were found between apical and basal segments in group 1～3; LV longitudinal peak systolic and peak E strain rates were homogenous among apical,mid and basal segments in group 4. Conclusions LV longitudinal myocardial peak systolic,peak E strain rates in all segments tend to be uniform with increasing age in normal children,and similar to adult distribution in children elder than nine years old.
A survey on effectiveness of disinfection in intestinal outpatient service of Xicheng District,Beijing

Objective To study effectiveness of disinfection in intestinal outpatient service of health-care settings in Xicheng District,to enhance disinfection management level and put forward specific measures for its improvement.Methods An on-spot survey was conducted in intestinal outpatient services of health-care settings in Xicheng District,Beijing.Swab specimens of the object surface in the settings,hands of health-care workers and laboratory-examination report sheets were collected for bacteriological examinations to evaluate effectiveness of disinfection by microwave oven and ultraviolet lamp.Results There were 10 intestinal outpatient clinics in health-care settings of Xicheng District,with more than 100 square meters of space each in eight of them.Registration room,cashier's office,pharmacy,laboratory,waiting room and toilets in the clinics all were separated from each other.The ratio of numbers of physicians to nurses to laboratory technicians in the clinics was one to 1.09 to 1.41.Results of disinfection was up to the criteria for 87.6 percent of swab specimens,86.2 percent for the object surface,62.5 percent for water faucet,72.4 percent for hand swab specimens of health-care workers,as well as radiation of 69.2 percent of the ultraviolet lamps was met the criteria,and all swab specimens of laboratory-examination report sheets were up to the criteria by microwave disinfection.Conclusion There were more than 100 square meters of space for most intestinal outpatient service in health-care settings of Xicheng District,Beijing,with registration room,cashier's office,pharmacy,laboratory,waiting room,toilet separating from each other.Effectiveness of disinfection by microwave oven for laboratory-examination report sheets was qualified.But in general,space for intestinal outpatient service in the settings was not enough,which affects quality of prevention and control for intestinal communicable disease.Sensor water faucet should be equipped for tap water in intestinal outpatient service.And,health education should be enhanced for health-care workers to wash their hands regularly and to improve their hygienic awareness.
Angiotensin II control of the renal microcirculation in rats with reduced renal mass

It has been suggested that angiotensin II (ANG II) activation after renal ablation contributes to the altered glomerular dynamics and proteinuria that characterizes this model of chronic renal fail...
Getting Undone Technology Done: Global Techno-assemblage and the Value Chain of Invention:

The global techno-assemblage shapes the continued lagging of southern countries and firms behind those from the global north. The biotechnology industry is one form of this assemblage and operates ...
Ultimobranchial follicles in the thyroid glands of rats and mice.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses ultimobranchial follicles in the thyroid glands of rats and mice. The mature ultimobranchial follicle in the rat thyroid has two or more layers of cells bounding a lumen containing amorphous material and cell debris. Although mature ultimobranchial follicles were found in almost all thyroid lobes in adult rats, follicles with this structure were not present in the thyroids of newborn rats. Mixed follicles containing both typical thyroid epithelium and U-cells occur at all ages. Thyroid glands of many strains of mice contain numerous follicles that differ from the usual thyroid follicle in size, shape, cell complement, and luminal contents. The relative abundance of the five cell types varies markedly from follicle to follicle. The striking differences between the cell complement and morphology of ultimobranchial follicles in the Fischer rat and the C3H mouse may be due to differences in species or in strain. The thyroid glands of mice and rats contain one or more unusual types of cells that form follicles by themselves, and/or mixed follicles with each other along with typical thyroid epithelium and parafollicular cells.
ER71/ETV2 Is Essential for Hematopoietic Regeneration after Injury

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion and regeneration is requisite for effective hematopoietic transplantation and recovery from anticancer chemotherapy drug induced bone marrow injury. In chemotherapy-mediated hematopoietic injury model, we found that key developmental genes that are critical for HSPC generation were upregulated in HSPCs when treated with 5-FU. ETS transcription factor Er71/ETV2 is essential for the development of endothelial and blood cells during mammalian embryogenesis. Here, we generated different tissue specific Er71 conditional knockout (CKO) mice as well as transgenic mice that coexpress Er71, GATA2 and Scl (EGS) in a doxycycline inducible manner to investigate the Er71 role in adult hematopoiesis. While Vav-Cre; Er71 CKO and Tie2-Cre; Er71 CKO mice did not display any hematopoietic defects in homeostatic conditions, Vav-Cre; Er71 CKO bone marrow was significantly compromised in hematopoietic reconstitution potential compared to controls. In addition, Vav-Cre; Er71 CKO and Tie2-Cre; Er71 CKO but not VECadherin-Cre; Er71 CKO mice showed reduced HSPC proliferation and deficient HSPC and myeloid cell recovery after 5-FU injury. On the other hand, temporal Er71, GATA2 and Scl (EGS) coexpression promoted HSPC proliferation, hematopoietic reconstitution potential and regeneration after 5-FU injury. These results demonstrate that hematopoietic Er71 is critical for HSPC expansion and regeneration. Future studies warrant Er71 application for in vitro hematopoietic stem cell expansion and bone marrow regeneration in response to hematopoietic injury. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.