cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
We Use Too Much Vitamin D in Hemodialysis Patients

Current Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines for chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder recommend maintaining the PTH level between 2 and 9 times the upper limit of normal. PTH levels function as a surrogate for bone turnover to differentiate forms of renal osteodystrophy. Vitamin D receptor agonists are primarily used to treat osteitis fibrosa in hemodialysis patients. However, there is concern that overtreatment may put HD patients at risk for adynamic bone disease, which has been associated with fracture and vascular calcification. This raises the issue as to whether "we use too much vitamin D in hemodialysis patients."
Research of early cervical carcinoma treatment by modified LEEP

OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of LEEP in the treatment of early uterine cervical carcinoma. METHODS: 62 patients with cervical carcinoma in situ or microinvasive cervical carcinoma treated by conservation operation were reviewed respectively. Among them,28 were performed modified LEEP, and the others were treated by cold knife conization(CKC).The operative time,hemorrhage,complications,lesion recurrence or remaind , HPV elimination and follow-up after LEEP or CKC were compared. RESULTS: The mean operative time of LEEP was shorter than CKC [(5.6±2.4) min vs (35.4±8.2) min, t=18.51, P0.001]. The hemorrhage of LEEP was less than CKC [(9.8±3.2) mL vs (43.7±10.5) mL, t=16.46, P0.001], but with higher later bleeding (32.1% vs 5.9%, P=0.008). No statistic difference were found in the rate of early bleeding, margin pathology evaluability, lesion remains or rccurrence and HPV accumulated climination (P=0.235,0.200, 0.350 and 0.256, respectively).CONCLUSION: The modified LEEP was one of effective and safe way for the treatment of very early stage cervical carcinoma,but more data must be accumulation.
Current development and strategy of PET industry in China

Article simply describes development history and situation in world polyester industry area, point there are some issue while our polyester industry has been developing quickly, having detailed analyses for these issues. How to develop our polyester industry better in current stage, bringing relation solutions from industry chain、industry structure、nationalization、new technology、brand strategy、international market、RD etc. aspect.
The teach back method.

Q: At our home healthcare agency, we are supposed to document that the teach-back method was used when we teach patients. Can you describe this method of teaching?Health literacy issues are very prevalent in the United States. It is estimated that 14% (30 million) of people in the United States are
Consumption at Low Income Levels

So many people having believed, at any rate until recently, that the majority of the world’s population was malnourished or starving, it naturally followed that they should conclude that any increment in the production or income of subsistence farming families would almost all be consumed in the form of additional food for the family; in other words, the income elasticity of demand for food, at their level of real income, must be almost one. Except for a few in the very poorest areas, this in fact is found not to be the case. If subsistence-agriculture families produce more, much of the increment is spent on other urgent needs, for clothes, housing, fuel and medicine, sometimes for education. The fact that additional income is spent in this way is in itself an important confirmation of the conclusions suggested by closer examination of the physiological evidence, namely that the diets of most subsistence cultivators in the world, while monotonous, distasteful, and often insecure, are not on the average inadequate physiologically.
Crossing the KS threshold in the stochastic block model with information theory

Decelle et al. conjectured that community detection in the symmetric stochastic block model has a computational threshold given by the so-called Kesten-Stigum (KS) threshold, and that information-theoretic methods can cross this threshold for a large enough number of communities (4 or 5 depending on the regime of the parameters). This paper shows that at k = 5, it is possible to cross the KS threshold in the disassortative regime with a non-efficient algorithm that samples a clustering having typical cluster volumes. Further, the gap between the KS and information-theoretic threshold is shown to be large in some cases. In the case where edges are drawn only across clusters with an average degree of b, and denoting by k the number of communities, the KS threshold reads b ≳ k2 whereas our information-theoretic bound reads b ≳ k ln(k).
Telemetric tracking of scatterhoarding and seed fate in a Central African forest

In seed predation studies, removal of a seed is only the first step of a dynamic process that may result in dispersal rather than seed death. This process, termed seed fate, has received little attention in African forests, particularly in Central Africa. We experimentally assessed the initial steps of seed fate for two tree species—the large-seeded Pentaclethra macrophylla and the relatively small-seeded Gambeya lacourtiana—in northeastern Gabon. Specifically, we evaluated whether seed size and seed consumer identity are important determinants of seed fate. We established experimental stations under conspecific fruiting trees, each comprising three seeds fitted with telemetric thread tags to facilitate their recovery, and a motion-sensitive camera to identify visiting mammals. In total, animals removed 76 tagged seeds from experimental stations. Small Murid rats and mice primarily removed small Gambeya seeds, whereas large-bodied rodents and mandrills primarily removed large Pentaclethra seeds. Gambeya seeds were carried shorter distances than Pentaclethra seeds and were less likely to be cached. The two large-bodied rodents handled seeds differently: Cricetomys emini larderhoarded nearly all (N = 15 of 16) encountered Pentaclethra seeds deep in burrows, while Atherurus africanus cached all (N = 5 of 5) encountered Pentaclethra seeds singly under 1–3 cm of leaf litter and soil, at an average distance of 24.2 m and a maximum distance of 46.3 m from experimental stations. This study supports the hypothesis that seed fate varies based on seed size and seed consumer identity, and represents the first telemetric experimental evidence of larderhoarding and scatterhoarding in the region.
Using Family Case Studies with Graduate Students Through Transdisciplinary Graduate Education

Graduate students in early childhood special education, occupational therapy, and physical therapy at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) are educated using a transdisciplinary model in which emerging professionals and families of children with special needs work together by exchanging expertise to jointly solve problems, plan, and implement evidence-based interventions. The goal is to ensure that the early intervention/education experiences achieve desired child and family outcomes. A major component of the preparation of the graduate students is learning to work collaboratively with families. The purpose of this article is to describe the process early childhood special education, occupational therapy, and physical therapy graduate students experience through team-based problem solving with case studies of young children with delays or disabilities and their families.
Forward-Looking Estimates of Interest-Rate Distributions

This article reviews methods for extracting both risk-neutral and physical density forecasts for interest rates. It presents some applications, with particular focus on issues pertaining to forward guidance and the zero lower bound. Several important applied questions in macroeconomics and monetary economics can be very directly addressed using the wealth of information in interest-rate derivative securities.
Active learning, labs and maker-spaces in microwave circuit design courses

Circuit design courses in general, and microwave circuit design courses as a subspecialty, have been taught over many decades. It is relatively recently, however, that instructors have started experimenting with more modern approaches to in-class and out-of-class instruction. In our attempt to make instruction more effective we have turned to: a) utilizing classroom interaction systems and collaborative work in class, b) studio-like approach to labs where students are encouraged to explore a problem through design, simulation, building and testing of simple structures, c) makerspaces that enable full design-build-test-redesign cycle of fairly sophisticated designs, and d) systematic literature reviews for graduate students taking the courses. We describe our experiences in designing and implementing a sequence of two courses, present assessment data, discuss obstacles to student learning, and propose additional ways to improve student learning.
All together now, a magical mystery tour of the maize shoot meristem

Crop yield improvement requires optimization of shoot architecture, and can be facilitated by understanding shoot apical meristem (SAM) development. Maize, as one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, is also a model system and has significantly contributed to our fundamental understanding of SAM development. In this review, we focus on recent progress and will discuss communication between different meristem regulators, including CLAVATA receptors and ligands, transcription factors, small RNAs and hormones, as well as the importance of communication between different SAM regions.
Overcoming Resistance of Human Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma to CD19-CAR CTL Therapy by Celecoxib and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

Patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (B-NHL) who fail to respond to first-line treatment regimens or develop resistance, exhibit poor prognosis. This signifies the need to develop alternative treatment strategies. CD19-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell-redirected immunotherapy is an attractive and novel option, which has shown encouraging outcomes in phase I clinical trials of relapsed/refractory NHL. However, the underlying mechanisms of, and approaches to overcome, acquired anti-CD19CAR CD8+ T cells (CTL)-resistance in NHL remain elusive. CD19CAR transduced primary human CTLs kill CD19+ human NHLs in a CD19- and caspase-dependent manner, mainly via the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) apoptotic pathway. To understand the dynamics of the development of resistance, we analyzed several anti-CD19CAR CTL-resistant NHL sublines (R-NHL) derived by serial exposure of sensitive parental lines to excessive numbers of anti-CD19CAR CTLs followed by a limiting dilution analysis. The R-NHLs retained surface CD19 expression and were efficiently recognized by CD19CAR CTLs. However, R-NHLs developed cross-resistance to CD19CAR transduced human primary CTLs and the Jurkat human T cell line, activated Jurkat, and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, suggesting the acquisition of resistance is independent of CD19-loss and might be due to aberrant apoptotic machinery. We hypothesize that the R-NHL refractoriness to CD19CAR CTL killing could be partially rescued by small molecule sensitizers with apoptotic-gene regulatory effects. Chromatin modifiers and Celecoxib partially reversed the resistance of R-NHL cells to the cytotoxic effects of anti-CD19CAR CTLs and rhTRAIL. These in vitro results, though they require further examination, may provide a rational biological basis for combination treatment in the management of CD19CAR CTL-based therapy of NHL.
EFFECT OF ARRHYTHMOGENIC DOSES OF DESLANOSIDE ON THE UPTAKE OF MONOAMINES IN CARDIAC AND BRAIN TISSUE, AND IN PLATELETS*

The effect of in vivo administration of toxic doses of deslanoside to anesthetized cats on the active transport of serotonin (r 3H]-5-HT), norepinephrine (r 3H]-NE) and or dopamine ([3H]-DA) was determined. In cardiac and brain tissue, and platelets obtained at the onset of deslanoside-induced ventricular fibrillation, it was found that deslanoside inhibited the uptake of [3H]-NE into the left ventricle and the uptake of (3H]-S-HT into the area postrema and into platelets.
Toward Establishing Standards of Practice in Juvenile Forensic Mental Health Assessment

Recent decades have witnessed substantial advances in the science and practice of the forensic mental health assessment (FMHA) of juveniles. Such evaluations may be conducted in the juvenile court to inform such legal decisions as diversion, competence to stand trial, adjudication and placement, and transfer into criminal court. They may also be conducted on adolescents in criminal court, on issues such as reverse waiver, competence to stand trial, and mental state at the time of the offense. For the purposes of this chapter, we will focus on the evaluation of adolescents in juvenile and criminal contexts, excluding family and civil issues such as child custody and personal injury. FMHA will be defined as “evaluation that is performed by mental health professionals as part of the legal decision-making process, for the purpose of assisting the decision maker or helping one of the litigants in using relevant clinical and scientific data” (Heilbrun 2001).
Intrinsic dynamics of the electric-field-induced phase switching in antiferroelectric PbZrO 3 ultrathin films

Antiferroelectric ultrathin ${\mathrm{PbZrO}}_{3}$ films can exhibit both ferroelectric and antiferroelectric behavior depending on the thickness. We use first-principles-based nanoscopic simulations to investigate the intrinsic high-frequency dynamics of the electric-field-induced phase switching in such films which so far remains unknown. In this comprehensive study we report (i) the size and frequency evolution of the polarization response to the electric field; (ii) the intrinsic time for the phase switching; (iii) detailed comparison between the polarization reversal in the films with ferroelectric and antiferroelectric behavior; (iv) dynamics of the antiferroelectric and antiferrodistortive order parameters; (v) nanoscopic mechanism responsible for the phase switching. The nanoscopic insight leads to the prediction of the existence of two possible scenarios for the antipolar-polar phase switching depending on the mutual orientation of the antiferroelectric order parameter and the electric field. The two scenarios have different dynamical fingerprints. The polar-antipolar phase switching is found to be assisted by the formation of a nonpolar phase. Computational data indicate that the phase switching time is only fractions of nanoseconds for the polar-polar phase switching in ferroelectric films and polar-antipolar phase switching in antiferroelectric films. The antipolar-polar phase switching in antiferroelectric films is just a bit slower and takes the order of nanosecond. Under nonequilibrium conditions we find formation of antiferroelectric and antiferrodistortive nanodomains and coexistence of polar and antipolar order parameters.
Experimental evolution reveals microbial traits for association with the host gut

Understanding how microbes adapt to their host is an enduring problem in microbiome ecology, and understanding the microbial traits that allow colonization of the host and increase adaptation to the host environment is of particular interest. In this study, Robinson and colleagues use experimental evolution to demonstrate adaptation of a commensal bacterium to its zebrafish host and describe the changes in phenotype that emerge during this evolutionary process. These results provide insight into the evolutionary problem of host adaptation and demonstrate the utility of simple models for understanding host–microbiome dynamics.
Cognitive Training and Rehabilitation in Aging and Dementia

Neuropsychologists working with elderly adult populations are increasingly seeking alternative interventions for their patients. Cognitive training and rehabilitation are a set of noninvasive activities aimed at enhancing a patient’s overall cognitive and behavioral functioning in pursuit of both overarching and subordinate goals. Neuropsychologists are a natural fit as both cognitive remediationalists and careful consumers of related literature, owing to their nuanced understanding of brain-behavior relationships, sophisticated interpretations of cognitive metrics, and keen insight into the range of functional changes regarding their patient’s health-related quality of life. However, even for practitioners for whom providing cognitive training and rehabilitation (CTR) is beyond their scope of practice, it is key for neuropsychologists to have a more comprehensive understanding of this area of treatment to facilitate informed, meaningful recommendations that help optimize patient care. This chapter reviews much of the current extant literature specific to both healthy older adults and those with a variety of neurological challenges.
Digest: Unlocking the creative potential of specialization.

Do constant environments produce ecological specialists? Wang et al. test this common assumption in Drosophila melanogaster and find that the converse may be true: constant environments sometimes produce robust generalists that can withstand change. In this study, increased tolerance to change may be best explained as a by-product of adaptation to a particularly harsh salt-enriched environment.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in twin gestations complicated by gestational diabetes.

Objective: Gestational diabetes (GDM) in singleton pregnancies is known to be associated with an increased risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The data are mixed regarding the effect of G...
Influence of shock waves on structural and morphological properties of copper oxide NPs for aerospace applications

The present work is focused on stability of shock wave-exposed copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. CuO nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical reduction method and exposed to 100 shock pulses having Mach number 2.4. The table top semiautomatic pressure-driven shock tube is used to generate shock waves for the present experiment. The influence of shock waves on the treated and untreated CuO nanoparticles are explored and characterized by a variety of properties like structural, molecular and morphological details observed using powder XRD, FTIR and SEM, respectively. The powder XRD profile confirmed that there are no lattice defects or any deformation except negligible changes in grain size. SEM images established that the shock wave-loaded CuO nanoparticles have good structural and morphological stability. The obtained results showed that CuO nanoparticles can be used in aerospace, nuclear reactors and high-pressure applications which undergo extreme conditions. The details are presented intensely in the following sections.
Consistency and change in the vocabulary of fundamental rights in Hawaiian law, 1847–1902

The Hawaiian Islands possessed a consistent legal system between 1847 and the early 1900s while going through several political transitions. The continuity of law through three distinct political r...
Place managers for crime prevention: the theoretical and empirical status of a neglected situational crime prevention technique

Place managers are individuals who are physically and legally able to prevent crime in proprietary places, in addition to their designated functions within these places. They can be apartment complex owners, store managers, bar owners, parking lot attendants, or other individuals who have ownership claims to a place or are employed by that place. Largely informed by the criminal opportunity perspective and recognized as a situational crime prevention technique, place managers benefit from a rich theoretical development, but only limited evaluation research. In examining the theoretical and empirical status of place managers, we were motivated to develop a greater understanding of the potential for place manager interventions to be implemented and evaluated, as well as to explore a promising mechanism—in the form of regulatory frameworks—to help place managers in performing roles related to the prevention of crime.
Evaluation of Tradeoffs in the Design of FPGA Fabrics Using Electrostrictive 2-D FETs

The electrostrictive 2-D field-effect transistor (EFET) is a steep-slope device that promises to offer aggressive length and voltage scalability. Two key features of this device are its high-drive strength with high ON–OFF current ratio and the isolated back-gate terminal, which provides us the fourth knob to control the transistor drive strength. The disadvantage of the technology is the increased device capacitance incurred due to the additional piezoelectric layer in the transistor structure. Second, although the back-gate biasing of EFETs provides us the fourth knob of control, statically biasing the back gate increases the static power consumption. Despite the idiosyncrasies of the technology, this work shows the use of EFETs in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to be advantageous because the added energy cost of device capacitance gets amortized by the improvement in performance and energy efficiency of using high-drive EFET transistors in the FPGA interconnect architecture. We also show that co-optimization of back-bias voltage along with transduction efficiency is essential in the FPGA subcircuit level for achieving an energy-efficient architecture. This work highlights the specific design approach tradeoffs that differ from prior CMOS approaches and provides guidance for the engineering parameters necessary for EFETs to evolve as a competitive technology.
Small bowel obstruction in patients with a prior history of cancer: predictive findings of malignant origins.

Surgeons occasionally have to answer some tough questions when it comes to managing small bowel obstruction (SBO) in patients with prior history of abdominal malignancy. In surgery, it is a fact of life to accept recurrent abdominal malignancy as bad news. The prognosis is grim at best, and most patients rarely live beyond 6–12 months once the diagnosis is made. Therefore, it makes sense to adopt less aggressive strategies for optimal management and compassionate care. On the other hand, non-malignant SBO deserves consideration for timely surgical intervention if we are to prevent potential morbidity and mortality. One may then ask: how can we distinguish between the two scenarios? Can we make a correct diagnosis relying on history and physical examination alone? What is the role of imaging, if any, that may help triage such patients? There are no easy answers to these difficult questions. However, in this issue of the World Journal of Surgery, Douard et al. [1] provide us with a few solid tips based on over 1 decade of experience in management of such difficult conditions. The authors found that history holds some important clues. A sudden onset of unrelenting abdominal pain that is caused by high-grade SBO is less likely to be malignant, particularly if the obstruction occurs more than 3 years after the original abdominal operation. Clinical examination is of little value, if any. Imaging with abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, while sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of bowel obstruction, is less accurate in identifying the etiology of the obstruction or in confirming the recurrence of the malignancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is known to be much better. However, it is less available for around-the-clock use. The good news is that the authors also found SBO in patients with no known recurrent malignancy to be of benign origin in more than 70 % of their patients. This is the cohort of patients that will probably benefit the most from an early surgical intervention when surgery is indicated. So, where do we go from here? Based on the authors’ experience, when managing these patients, surgeons should try to look for possible recurrent malignancy through careful history, basic physical examination, and appropriate imaging. One should probably start with abdominal CT scan and progress if needed to abdominal MRI when available. If there is no indication that a recurrent malignancy is the culprit for the SBO, surgeons should have a lower threshold to go to the operating room. Otherwise, patience and patience! Only fools rush in with a knife!
Supervaluations and the Strict-Tolerant Hierarchy

In a recent paper, Barrio, Pailos and Szmuc (BPS) show that there are logics that have exactly the validities of classical logic up to arbitrarily high levels of inference. They suggest that a logic therefore must be identified by its valid inferences at every inferential level. However, Scambler shows that there are logics with all the validities of classical logic at every inferential level, but with no antivalidities at any inferential level. Scambler concludes that in order to identify a logic, we at least need to look at the validities and the antivalidities of every inferential level. In this paper, I argue that this is still not enough to identify a logic. I apply BPS’s techniques in a super/sub-valuationist setting to construct a logic that has exactly the validities and antivalidities of classical logic at every inferential level. I argue that the resulting logic is nevertheless distinct from classical logic.
Despedida de Stony Brook

El dialogo que acabamos de tener sobre literatura colonial me anima a reactualizar cierta practica juridica de ese periodo que obligaba a todo funcionario oficial a rendir cuenta de su desempeno al termino de sus funciones. Esa practica constituia el llamado juicio de residencia, y los derivados del verbo que la designaba eran de uso frecuente y, sin duda, no poco temidos en la epoca. A esa practica, a mi modo de ver, muy saludable, se deben sin embargo muchas paginas apasionantes de la colonia, pues los residenciados debian poner por escrito cuanto de su vida y de su obra podia escribir y justificar sus acciones de principio a fin. La reescritura de la historia permite, como se sabe, variaciones diversas, y yo me propongo ensayar una de ellas. Y puesto que la gentileza y el afecto de profesores y estudiantes de este Departamento omite la peticion de cuentas, creo que no estara demas que me las pida yo mismo, bajo la especie de un breve recuento o memorial de lo que hice y de lo que deje de hacer en estos 22 anos y cinco meses de permanencia en Stony Brook. Entre los azares venturosos de mi vida profesional debere marcar con una piedra blanca el encuentro con Ivan Schulman, que ocurrio a mediados de 1970, gracias a mi joven amigo Rene de Acosta, quien acababa de doctorarse en la Washington University con una tesis dirigida por Ivan. Ivan habia decidido venir a Stony Brook, y ante de salir de St. Louis propuso mi candidatura como su reemplazante temporal en Washington University. Me recibio alli amistosamente, me ayudo con generosidad en mis inicios de extranjero en el Medio Oeste, coincidimos en intereses, lecturas y proyectos hispanoamericanistas, y pocos dias despues me sugirio la posibilidad de acompanarlo mas adelante en Stony Brook si lograba, en un plazo cercano, establecer el Departamento de Estudios Hispanicos que tambien deseaban desarrollar alli sobre bases academicas mas amplias los profesores James McKenna y Jaime Giordano. Tal proposito se cumplio en 1971 y yo vine, desde enero de 1972, a colaborar en esa nueva empresa. Como todo comienzo, el de este Departamento tuvo los avances, desvios y hasta retrocesos de rigor; pero en lo principal, el objetivo de Ivan se fue cumpliendo de acuerdo con lo previsto. La partida del profesor Gonzalo Sobejano fue rapidamente resuelta con la llegada de don Vicente Llorens, quien el ano 71 se retiro de Princeton y acepto continuar en Stony Brook por cinco o seis anos. Y he ahi otra circunstancia
Language and Mentality

The purpose of this paper is to explore three alternative frameworks for understanding the nature of language and mentality, which accent syntactical, semantical, and pragmatical aspects of the phenomena with which they are concerned, respectively. Although the computational conception currently exerts considerable appeal, its defensibility appears to hing upon an extremely implausible theory of the relation of form to content. Similarly, while the representational approach has much to recommend it, its range is essentially restricted to those units of language that can be understood in terms of undefined units. Thus, the only alternative among these three that can account for the meaning of primitive units of language is one emphasizing the basic role of skills, habits, and tendencies in relating signs and dispositions.
Modulation of survivin expression: A potential therapeutic drug action mechanism for drug resistance and drug sensitivity

5944 T138067 is a recently identified novel antitumor compound that can disrupt microtubule polymerization in cancer cells by covalently modifying beta-tubulin. It has been shown that T138067 is a better drug against multiple drug resistance (MDR) tumor cells than taxol (Shan et al., PNAS 96:5686-91, 1999). CPT-11/irinotecan, the pro-drug of SN-38, is a hopeful drug in cancer treatment, although the relative high toxicity to patients at high doses is a concern in the clinic. Here, we studied the role of survivin in drug resistance and drug sensitivity. We found that treatment of lung or breast cancer cells with T138067 induced the expression of survivin, a known drug resistant factor, while T138067 has no effect on the modulation of Bcl-2 expression in these cells. Upregulation of survivin by T138067 was associated with an increased phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 MAPK but a decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, and an increased drug resistance. Therefore, inhibition of T138067-induced survivin expression by alternatively targeting survivin will make T138067 be an even better drug to kill cancer cells. To this end, our data indicated that treatment of lung and breast cancer cells with SN-38, an active metabolite of CPT-11, downregulates survivin expression, although SN-38 is known to target/inhibit topoisomerase I as its drug action mechanism. Intriguingly, inhibition of survivin expression by SN-38 was more effective at a low concentration than at the high concentration in the cell-based in vitro experiments, making SN-38 be an ideal survivin modulator. Furthermore, in contrast with the decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK after T138067 treatment, inhibition of survivin expression by SN-38 was associated with an increased phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that combination of T138067 with a low concentration of SN-38 as a survivin modulator will synergistically increase T138067 effectiveness to kill breast and lung cancer cells. Consistent with this hypothesis, our in vitro experiments indicated that T138067 in combination with SN-38 synergistically induces cell death in comparison with each drug alone. Together, these results highlight a new concept that unique signaling cross-talk converged to survivin may represent a novel criterion for drug combination in the clinic, which may possibly be developed into new and effective therapeutic approaches.
Activity-regulated gene expression in immature neurons in the dentate gyrus following re-exposure to a cocaine-paired environment.

Intense craving for drug and relapse are observed in addicts who are exposed to environmental stimuli associated with drug-taking behavior even after long periods of abstinence. The hippocampus is a brain region known to be involved in contextual processing, taking place predominantly in the septal hippocampus, and emotional processing, taking place predominantly in the temporal hippocampus. Conditioned place preference is an animal model of context-conditioned reward. The dentate gyrus is a hippocampal sub-region particularly important for the acquisition of cocaine-induced place preference and is a site of continuous neurogenesis, which has been implicated in the vulnerability to drug-taking behavior. Therefore, these experiments explored the role of newly generated neurons in drug reward-context association by examining the activation, as determined by expression of the immediate early gene cfos, of young and mature granule cells in the septal and temporal dentate gyrus of adult rats that were re-exposed to a drug-paired environment following the development of cocaine place preference. The overall level of cfos expression was increased in both the septal and temporal dentate gyrus of animals that developed place preference and were re-exposed to the drug paired environment compared with re-exposure to a neutral environment. Overall level of neurogenesis, as detected by the S-phase marker 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and the immature neuron marker double-cortin (DCX), was unaltered by cocaine conditioning. However, the number of activated new neurons (DCX+cfos) was greater in the temporal dentate gyrus of cocaine-conditioned rats re-exposed to the drug-paired environment as compared to those re-exposed to a neutral environment. Further understanding of the role of dentate gyrus neurogenesis on the conditioned effects of drugs of abuse may provide new insights into the role of this process in the expression of addictive behaviors.
STRUCTURAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING AND AN EXACT PRODUCT FROM LEFT INVERSE

Abstract : This paper shows how to obtain an exact inverse in the form of a product modification to a given inverse when the matrix has been altered additively by a matrix of a certain class. Explicit formulae are derived for sensitivity analyses, e.g., in linear programming, wherein the elements of the structural matrix are to be varied.
A predictive adaptive controller and its application to the control of the wet autogenous mill

A simple predictive adaptive controller is proposed. Since the incremental impulse response predictive model is adopted, so the control algorithm is more suitable for industrial process control. The running results used to apply it to the control of a mineral processing wet autogenous mill show that the control algorithm has some nice properties; it is fairly robust to delay mismatch, load disturbances and stochastic disturbance. >
Mechanical Properties of Micromachined Structures

To be able to accurately design structures and make reliability predictions in any field, it is first necessary to know the mechanical properties mechanical property nanostructure mechanical property of the materials that make up the structural components. The devices encountered in the fields of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) MEMS and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), NEMS stress strength Young’s modulus are necessarily very small, and so the processing techniques and the microstructures of the materials used in these devices may differ significantly from bulk structures. Also, the surface-area-to-volume ratios in such structures are much higher than in bulk samples, and so surface properties become much more important. In short, it cannot be assumed that the mechanical properties measured for a bulk specimen of a material will apply when the same material is used in MEMS and NEMS. This chapter will review the techniques that have been used to determine the mechanical properties of micromachined structures, especially residual stress, strength and Young’s modulus. The experimental measurements that have been performed will then be summarized, in particular the values obtained for polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon).
Chapitre 1. Clinical Ethics as Practice

L’ethique clinique en pratiqueCet article traite de l’importance de la tournure pratique que represente le developpement de l’ethique clinique dans le domaine de la bioethique. il traite d’abord de la maniere particuliere dont l’ethique clinique demontre la tournure pratique de l’ethique. Deuxiemement, il soutient que le but premier des ethiciens cliniques est de trouver des approches actionnables ou des « solutions » aux questions et problemes ethiques souleves au cours du traitement des patients en confrontant des conflits, des dilemmes et des problemes ethiques et des questions concernant les valeurs culturelles, personnelles, religieuses et societales. Enfin, dans un troisieme temps, l’article explore les soucis autour de la qualification de ceux qui fournissent des services en ethique clinique, puisque le travail de l’ethique clinique est assure non seulement par des bioethiciens avec une formation universitaire mais aussi par toute une panoplie de professionnels de la sante dans des services de consultations ethiques et des comites d’ethique dans les hopitaux.
Building 10,000 spoken dialogue systems

Spoken dialogue systems are not yet ubiquitous. But with an easy enough development tool, at a low enough cost, and on portable enough software, advances in spoken dialogue technology could soon enable the rapid development of 10000 or more spoken dialogue systems for a wide variety of applications. To achieve this goal, we propose a toolkit approach for research and development of spoken dialogue systems. The paper presents the CSLU toolkit which integrates spoken dialogue technology with an easy to use interface. The toolkit supports rapid prototyping, iterative design, empirical evaluation, training of specialized speech recognizers and tools for conducting research to improve the underlying technology. We describe the toolkit with an emphasis on graphical creation of spoken dialogue systems; the transition of the toolkit into the user community; and research directed toward improvements in the toolkit.
Third-molar impaction diagnostic with cone-beam computerized tomography

Abstract Precise three-dimensional localization of impacted third molars as it relates to the inferior dental canal (IDC) is critical to their clinical management and highly influences surgical outcomes. Recently introduced dental 3D volumetric imaging systems coupled with semi-automatic modelling techniques allows 3D visualization of the IDC and the third molar. In this study, the spatial relationship of impacted third molars is described using imaging data obtained from various 3D volumetric imaging systems (NewTom 9000, Morita Accuitomo and Hitachi Mercuray).
Formation and Decay of the S3 EPR Signal Species in Acetate-Inhibited Photosystem II†

A 230-G-wide EPR signal is induced in acetate-treated photosystem II by 30 s of illumination at 277 K followed by freezing under illumination to 77 K [MacLachlan, D. J., & Nugent, J. H. A. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 9772−9780]. This signal, referred to as the S3 EPR signal, has been interpreted to arise from an S2X+ species where X+ is an amino acid radical. Investigation of the factors responsible for the formation and decay of the S3 EPR signal reveals that the yield of the S3 EPR signal is strongly temperature-dependent and depends on the rate of oxidation of QA-. Quantitation of the number of centers contributing to the S3 EPR signal produced by the optimal continuous illumination times of 3 min at 250 K, 30 s at 273 K, and 5 s at 294 K gave values of 13, 38, and 49 ± 3%, respectively. By using 5 s of illumination at 294 K to induce the S3 EPR signal, and then illumination at 200 K to reduce QA, both the S3 and QA-Fe EPR signals were induced in high yield. This result indicates that the S3 EPR signal doe...
Influence of Aspirin and Dipyridamole on Patency of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts

Abstract A prospective randomized trial was performed to determine if the administration of inhibitors of platelet function would improve the patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. Patients were operated on for intractable angina with angiographically demonstrable lesions. The left internal mammary artery (IMA) was used for bypass of lesions of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Saphenous vein grafts were used for the LAD if the IMA was inadequate and for all other vessels. Treated patients received 1,300 mg of aspirin and 100 mg of dipyridamole (Persantine) orally each day. Control patients received neither drug. Patients returned 3 to 6 months after operation for repeat angiography. Results were analyzed by chi-square. One hundred seventy-four patients entered the study from June, 1973, through December, 1975, and 113 were analyzed. In the control group, 66 patients had 27 IMA-LAD grafts and 93 saphenous vein grafts. In the treatment group, 47 patients underwent 18 IMA-LAD grafts and 75 saphenous vein grafts. Ninety-eight of the 120 grafts (82%) were patent in the control group, and 87 of 93 grafts (94%) were patent in the treatment group (x 2 = 6.34, p 2 = 6.54, p
Anatomía de un instante by Javier Cercas: The novel in its embryonic State

AbstractThis is the first in-depth analysis of the taxonomic distinction between two genres that Javier Cercas has conceptualized for the understanding of his work: the relato real and the relato ficticio. Scholarship has often attached the term relato real to novels such as Soldados de Salamina, a generic classification that Cercas vehemently rebuffs. I argue that Cercas’s interpretation of the 1981 coup d’etat, Anatomia de un instante (2010), conceptually fits the lineaments of a relato real at its outset. As the work progresses, however, the text comes to resemble what Cercas classifies as a relato ficticio, which ultimately unveils the bivalent relationship that the two genres share and challenges the author’s diametrical separation of the modes of discourse. Following Cercas’s theorization of the two relatos, the putative incongruity between historical and moral truth plays a primary role in the evolution of genre in Anatomia. Cercas’s exegesis of el Tejerazo ultimately reveals that the two variation...
Evaluation of the genetic screening processor (GSP™) for newborn screening

The new genetic screening processor for newborn screening (GSP™) from PerkinElmer was extensively tested under routine conditions. The GSP is intended to fully process all newborn screening tests, apart from tandem mass spectrometry. For our evaluation we used all so far available tests for the GSP (TSH, 17-OHP, IRT, total-T4 and GALT). For all 5 tests we have determined specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), intra- and inter-assay variation, recovery, influence of EDTA and on-board stability of the reagents. Results were also compared with AutoDelfia and the Astoria Pacific Spot Check System (GALT). LOD and LOQ were 0.38 and 0.45 mU L−1 (blood) for TSH, 1.30 and 3.25 nmol L−1 (serum) for T4, 0.35 and 0.55 nmol L−1 (blood) for 17-OHP, 0.85 and 1.58 ng mL−1 (blood) for IRT and 2.6 and 3.6 U dL−1 (blood) for GALT. Mean recovery was 97.8–107.1%: intra-assay CVs 2.5–8.9; inter-assay CVs 5.7–11.0. On board stability was >37 days for the immunoassay. The dissolved GALT reagent is not stable at 4 °C, however if the reagent is removed from the GSP and stored at −18 °C, it is stable for 11 days. On board stability of the inducer is >140 days. The GSP is suitable for routine newborn screening. Compared to AutoDelfia, additional control procedures were included which increase the reliability of the system.
Data Depository: Business & Learning Analytics for Educational Web Applications

Quantitative methods in education research have long been limited by the ability to collect detailed learner data in a consistent, scalable way. As education continues to move online we are presented with an unprecedented opportunity to study learner interactions within learning systems. However, doing so requires infrastructure to collect and store massive interaction data from which we can learn. In this paper we present Data Depository, a flexible, pluggable, data hub for tracking interaction data from any browser-based application, aiding the measurement of usage and effectiveness.
Binding of platelet activating factor by isolated membranes from U937 cells.

Abstract Platelet activating factor (PAF), 1- O -alkyl-2-acetyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphocholine (1- O -alkyl-2-acetyl-GPC) has been known to have biological effect on cells. The mechanisms of the effect of the potent phospholipid on cells has not been established. We have used 1- O -[ 3 H]alkyl-2-acetyl-GPC ([ 3 H]PAF) to study the interaction on the isolated membranes of U937 cells. The binding process was time, protein concentration, temperature dependent and reversible. The binding of [ 3 H]PAF to the U937 cell membranes was slightly inhibited by the addition of PAF analogue, 3- O -Hexadecyl-2-acetyl- sn -glycerol-1-phosphorylcholine. U937 cell membranes showed high affinity binding sites for PAF with equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 5 × 10 −9 M . The displacement of bound [ 3 H]PAF with 500-fold excess of nonlabeled PAF was not altered suggesting that the bound [ 3 H]PAF was not degraded during the binding. Binding of [ 3 H]PAF on U937 cell membranes was inhibited by PAF antagonist, 59227RP. The kinetic of the inhibition by PAF antagonist is competitive suggesting that PAF and PAF antagonist bind at the same site.
Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of an Anisotropic Random-Medium Layer

The principle of reciprocity is invoked to calculate the brightness temperatures for passive microwave remote sensing of a twolayer anisotropic random medium. The bistatic scattering coefficients are first computed with the Born approximation and then integrated over the upper hemisphere to be subtracted from unity, in order to obtain the emissivity for the random-medium layer. The theoretical results are illustrated by plotting the emissivities as functions of viewing angles and polarizations. They are used to interpret remote sensing data obtained from vegetation canopy where the aniostropic randommedium model applies. Field measurements with corn stalks arranged in various configurations with preferred azimuthal directions are successfully interpreted with this model.
THE RATE OF ABSORPTION AND EFFECTS OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE PELLETS ON MICE

THE EXPERIMENTAL ADMINISTRATION of androgens in oil by injection presents two major difficulties: a) the repeated injections are time consuming; b) the usual vehicle, sesame oil, possesses objectionable properties. Concerning the latter, it has been noted (unpublished data) that when androgen in this oil is injected into mice, the rate and amount of oil absorption is small and a sub'dermal accumuktion of oil results. This condition is most undesirable since recent findings (1) indicate that toxic substance(s) may be present in the oil. A possible means of overcoming these undesirable properties was provided by the experiments of Deanesly and Parkes(2), who found that pure crystalline androgens were very effective when implanted subcutaneously as tablets. Assay. Many workers (cf. 3) have used the response of the seminal vesicles and prostate of the castrate rat to androgen therapy as a means of assay. On the other hand, investigators have given little attention to the response of these organs in the mouse.
A MODERATE'S VICTORY IN A SOUTHERN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

Current Research is a section of the Quarterly reserved for brief reports of research, discussions of unsolved problems, presentations of neat methodological tricks, and other items that arise from the daily work of researchers. It provides an opportunity for discussion in print of questions and results that may not warrant a full-blown article. Researchers will find in this section a place to exhibit data that are not adequate to substantiate important generalizations but seem promising in their implications or suggest lines of further theoretical exploration. Succinct case histories are welcomed, as well as hypotheses and insights that may be useful to other students of public opinion. Notes published here are not intended to rank below the regular articles in quality or significance, but are distinguished by their shorter length, greater informality, and more tentative nature.