cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Parenthood through Educators' Eyes: Perceptions of Worries and Provision of Support.

This study examines how educators in traditional and alternative public high school settings conceptualize the experiences of their pregnant and parenting students. Educators' narrative responses are qualitatively analyzed to identify their perceptions of students' worries and the types of support educators provide students. Results suggest that educators' perceptions and supportive actions, although not systematically related to variables of race or gender, are related to number of years of teaching experience and differences in school environment. Findings surrounding the ways in which educators make meaning of their students' experiences and serve as social support figures are discussed.
David Chaum's Voter Verification using Encrypted Paper Receipts.

In this document, we provide an exposition of David Chaum’s voter verification method that uses encrypted paper receipts. This document provides simply an exposition of the protocol, and does not address any of the proofs covered in Chaum’s papers.
Investigating the performance of audio/video service architecture. II. Broker network

For pt.1 see ibid., p.120-127 (2005). Increasing network bandwidth and computing power provide new opportunities for videoconferencing systems over Internet. In addition to homes and small officies, even the cell phones have broadband Internet access in the near future. Therefore, we can imagine that the trend in the increasing usage of videoconferencing systems continues. This requires universally accessible and scalable videoconferencing systems that can deliver thousands of concurrent audio and video streams. However, developing videoconferencing systems over Internet is a challenging task, since audio and video distribution requires high bandwidth and low latency. Current videoconferencing systems such as IP-Multicast and H.323 can not fully address the problem of scalability and universal accessibility. We propose service oriented architecture for videoconferencing, GlobalMMCS, and use an event brokering middleware, NaradaBrokering, to deliver real-time audio and video streams to high number of users. The performance of the event brokering network is critical to the success of this videoconferencing system. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of NaradaBrokering broker network in distributed settings in the context of audio/video delivery. The results demonstrate that even small number of brokers can deliver audio/video streams to more than a thousand users with very good quality. They also provide guidelines for the deployment of GlobalMMCS in particular, and they provide useful insights for the feasibility of using software based audio/video delivery systems in general
Will newer tyrosine kinase inhibitors have an impact in AML

FLT3 inhibition has been a goal of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy since FLT3 mutations were discovered to have a role in AML. Several FLT3 inhibitors have been developed in the last several years, beginning with less potent, less selective agents. The newer FLT3 inhibitors appear to be more potent in vivo and have shown more promise than the older agents in monotherapy trials.
A Device for Measuring the Average Temperature of Water, Soil, or Air

It is possible to directly measure average temperature with a simple electronic circuit and avoid the usual time—consuming arithmetic integration of temperature records. Instructions are given for the construction of an electronic integrating thermometer composed of a thermistor in a simple Wheatstone bridge and a mercury coulometer that provides a direct readout of the average temperature of soil, air, or water over a designated time interval. See full-text article at JSTOR
Presidential Press Conferences: A Critical Approach.: By Carolyn Smith., Praeger, 1990, 288 pp. $45, Cloth;, $16.95, Paper

(1991). Presidential Press Conferences: A Critical Approach. American Journalism: Vol. 8, No. 2-3, pp. 204-205.
Single-trial dynamics of motor cortex and their applications to brain-machine interfaces

Increasing evidence suggests that neural population responses have their own internal drive, or dynamics, that describe how the neural population evolves through time. An important prediction of neural dynamical models is that previously observed neural activity is informative of noisy yet-to-be-observed activity on single-trials, and may thus have a denoising effect. To investigate this prediction, we built and characterized dynamical models of single-trial motor cortical activity. We find these models capture salient dynamical features of the neural population and are informative of future neural activity on single trials. To assess how neural dynamics may beneficially denoise single-trial neural activity, we incorporate neural dynamics into a brain–machine interface (BMI). In online experiments, we find that a neural dynamical BMI achieves substantially higher performance than its non-dynamical counterpart. These results provide evidence that neural dynamics beneficially inform the temporal evolution of neural activity on single trials and may directly impact the performance of BMIs.
Abdominal Radiology: a new name for an evolutionary change

This first issue of Abdominal Radiology marks the continued evolution of the Journal to meet the professional needs of the Abdominal Radiologist. With this change in title from Abdominal Imaging, the inclusion and welcoming of interventional radiology manuscripts into the Journal is formalized. Many abdominal radiologists have had an active interventional practice for years, but without a central academic home for their education and publications. As the official journal of the Society of Abdominal Radiologists (SAR) that is inclusive of interventional radiologists, it is only fitting to expand the vision of the journal to include these important components of our practice. Readers should look for a growing presence of interventional articles in the future, and authors should consider sending us their interventional manuscripts for consideration. Beginning in 2016, Abdominal Radiology will become a monthly publication, secondary to your strong support of submitting many high quality manuscripts for consideration. Please continue to send us your best work. Original articles that advance the science and have wide readership appeal will continue to be encouraged and are the centerpiece of Journal activity. Special focus sections, review articles, classics in Radiology, and practice related articles will also continue. Continuing medical education (CME) credits with self assessment (SA) will be offered with each issue—allowing our readers to record credit for their educational effort and learning in support of maintenance of certification. We will strive to continue to earn the respect of our international readers as we have now affiliated with the Asian Society of Abdominal Radiology (ASAR) and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Radiology. We strive to increase international contributions and collaboration. A special thanks to the enormous volunteer efforts that makes this Journal possible. An army of associate editors, reviewers and editorial board members around the world are all working hard to find the best articles, and to ensure the scientific integrity of these publications. These individuals truly value learning, science, and selfless dedication to the cause of advancing patient care. I am indebted to all of them. I hope you will find professional satisfaction and assistance as you become regular monthly readers of this new Journal. I would welcome your input and suggestions as we continue to strive for ongoing improvements. Editor-in-Chief
Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance

The discovery, commercialization, and routine administration of antimicrobial compounds to treat infections revolutionized modern medicine and changed the therapeutic paradigm. Indeed, antibiotics have become one of the most important medical interventions needed for the development of complex medical approaches such as cutting-edge surgical procedures, solid organ transplantation, and management of patients with cancer, among others. Unfortunately, the marked increase in antimicrobial resistance among common bacterial pathogens is now threatening this therapeutic accomplishment, jeopardizing the successful outcomes of critically ill patients. In fact, the World Health Organization has named antibiotic resistance as one of the three most important public health threats of the 21st century ( 1 ).
Arithmetic Progressions and the Consumer

(1985). Arithmetic Progressions and the Consumer. The College Mathematics Journal: Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 395-397.
7 Li NMR studies of Li 1-x Zn x V 2 O 4 and Li(V 1-y Ti y ) 2 O 4

The mixed crystals ${\mathrm{Li}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{x}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and $\mathrm{Li}({\mathrm{V}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{y}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ were investigated using ${}^{7}\mathrm{Li}$ NMR. The temperature dependencies of the linewidth $\ensuremath{\Delta},$ the Knight shift K, the spin-spin relaxation rate ${1/T}_{2},$ and the spin-lattice relaxation rate ${1/T}_{1}$ were investigated for concentrations $0l~xl~0.3$ and $0l~yl~0.2$ in the temperature range from 1.5 K to 280 K. In all samples the magnetization recovery exhibits nonexponential behavior at low temperatures and can be fitted using a stretched exponential function with a stretching exponent $\ensuremath{\beta}l1.$ At higher doping concentrations all compounds reveal transitions into magnetically ordered phases, most probably into spin-glass states. We discuss the nature of these transitions and the differences between the Zn- and the Ti-doped samples. Even in the pure compound we find deviations from a Korringa behavior due to spin fluctuations. The results are discussed in comparison to prototypical heavy-fermion systems.
Studies on Nuclear Division and Behavior Within Basidia I. Hydnum Umbilicatum

12. Sweet, L. C., J. A. Anderson, Q. C. Callies, and E. O. Coates. 1971. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis related to home furnace humidifier. J. Allergy 48: 171-178. 13. Weiss, N. S., and Y. Soleymani. 1971. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis lung disease caused by contamination of an air conditioning system. Ann. Allergy 29: 154-156. 14. Wenzel, F. J., D. A. Emanuel, B. R. Lawton, and G. E. Magrin. 1964. Isolation of the causative agent of farmer's lung. Ann. Allergy 22: 533-540. 15. , R. L. Gray, R. C. Roberts, and D. A. Emanuel. 1974. Serological studies in farmer's lung. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis. 109: 464-468.
Analysis of Building Small Hydropower Dispatching Automatlon System in Power System

Based on the necessity of building small hydropower dispatching automation system,difficulties and problems in its development are analyzed,and the frame of its constructions is proposed.Key technique of system construction is analyzed and suggestions are proposed.
Terminal Duplex Stability and Nucleotide Identity Differentially Control siRNA Loading and Activity in RNA Interference

Efficient short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing requires selection of a sequence that is complementary to the intended target and possesses sequence and structural features that encourage favorable functional interactions with the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway proteins. In this study, we investigated how terminal sequence and structural characteristics of siRNAs contribute to siRNA strand loading and silencing activity and how these characteristics ultimately result in a functionally asymmetric duplex in cultured HeLa cells. Our results reiterate that the most important characteristic in determining siRNA activity is the 5′ terminal nucleotide identity. Our findings further suggest that siRNA loading is controlled principally by the hybridization stability of the 5′ terminus (Nucleotides: 1–2) of each siRNA strand, independent of the opposing terminus. Postloading, RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)–specific activity was found to be improved by lower hybridization stability in the 5′ t...
Starbucks: Social responsibility and tax avoidance

Abstract This instructional case is designed to explore how accounting choices, and specifically tax minimization practices, should consider a company's overall strategy and positioning within multiple stakeholder groups. Starbucks had been successful in growing its stores and presence in the United Kingdom (UK), and described the profitable growth to investors as something it wanted to build on in other international markets. However, in its 15 years of operations in the UK, the company had paid UK corporate income taxes only once. Using a combination of legal tax avoidance practices (e.g., transfer prices, royalty payments, interest expense), Starbucks UK had effectively shifted taxable income to other Starbucks subsidiaries where it would be taxed at lower rates. In 2012, Starbucks in the UK faced a public relations furor over its failure to pay British corporate income taxes. While the tax avoidance practices Starbucks used were common among multinational companies, Starbucks had been very public in its commitment to being socially responsible and a good citizen of the communities in which it operated. This included, among other aspects, paying fair wages to employees and paying fair prices to coffee growers in developing countries. Thus, its critics found it easy to point out that not paying its fair share of taxes was inconsistent with the image Starbucks was portraying to consumers. Case questions are designed to help you think about the strategic, legal, ethical, and public relations implications of tax minimization strategies, especially when companies portray themselves as responsible “citizens” of the communities in which they operate. The questions also probe whether other characteristics of firms, including their “home” country and the nature of the business, have implications for public perceptions about corporate tax minimization strategies.
Facial landmark configuration for improved detection

In this paper, we present two methods to improve the performance of landmark detection algorithms that are designed to detect individual landmarks. We focus on the landmark configuration module that takes the output of the individual landmark detectors and searches for a configuration of optimal landmark locations based on appropriate shape constraints. We design two configuration search approaches: (i) a multivariate conditional Gaussian-based model, and (ii) a MRF-based formulation with higher-order potentials. We evaluated the performance of our proposed methods using several state-of-the-art detectors, and consistently obtained improved performance.
Low Overhead Architectures for OMP Compressive Sensing Reconstruction Algorithm

Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) is an important compressive sensing (CS) recovery and sparsity inducing algorithm, which has potential in various emerging applications ranging from wearable and mobile computing to real-time analytics processing on servers. Thus application aware OMP algorithm implementation is important. In this paper, we propose two different modifications to OMP algorithm named Thresholding technique for OMP (tOMP) and Gradient Descent OMP (GDOMP) to reduce hardware complexity of OMP algorithm. tOMP modifies identification stage of OMP algorithm to reduce reconstruction time and GDOMP modifies residual update phase to reduce chip area. To demonstrate reconstruction efficiency of proposed OMP modifications, we compare signal-to-reconstruction error rate (SRER), signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and Structural Similarity index (SSIM) of previously proposed matching pursuit algorithms such as Subspace Pursuit (SP), Look Ahead OMP (LAOMP), and OMP, with tOMP, and GDOMP. We implemented reconfigurable, parallel, and pipelined architectures for three algorithms including OMP, tOMP, and GDOMP which can reconstruct different data vector sizes ranging from 128 to 1024, on 65 nm CMOS technology operating at 1 V supply voltage. The post place and route analysis on area, power, and latency show that, tOMP requires 33% less reconstruction time, and GDOMP consumes 44% less chip area when compared to OMP ASIC implementation. Compared to previously published work, the proposed architectures achieve 2.1 times improvement in Area-Delay product (ADP) and consume 40% less energy.
Nuclear dipole polarizability from mean-field modeling constrained by chiral effective field theory

Abstract We construct a new Skyrme interaction Skχm⁎ by fitting the equation of state and nucleon effective masses in asymmetric nuclear matter from chiral two- and three-body forces as well as the binding energies of finite nuclei. Employing this interaction to study the electric dipole polarizabilities of 48Ca, 68Ni, 120Sn, and 208Pb in the random-phase approximation, we find that the theoretical predictions are in good agreement with experimentally measured values without additional fine tuning of the Skyrme interaction, thus confirming the usefulness of the new Skyrme interaction in studying the properties of nuclei. We further use this interaction to study the neutron skin thicknesses of 48Ca and 208Pb, and they are found to be consistent with the experimental data.
Atomically thin diffusion barriers for ultra-scaled Cu interconnects implemented by 2D materials

Sub-1 nm Cu difiusion barriers are realized by using transferred CVD-grown hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and directly deposited molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), for the first time. Based on time-dependent dielectric breakdown measurements, the diffusion barrier properties of these 2D materials are explored to address the barrier/liner scaling challenge for the ultra-scaled interconnect technology. The predicted lifetime of devices with directly deposited 2D barriers can achieve 3 orders of magnitude improvement compared to control devices.
The impact of Medicaid expansion on employer provision of health insurance.

Using the 2010–2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component, this study investigates the effect of the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid eligibility expansion on four employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) outcomes: offers of health insurance, eligibility, take-up, and the out-of-pocket premium paid by employees for single coverage. Using a difference-in-differences identification strategy, we cannot reject the hypothesis of a zero effect of the Medicaid eligibility expansion on an establishment’s probability of offering ESI, the percentage of an establishment’s workforce that takes up coverage, or the out-of-pocket premium for single coverage. We find some evidence suggestive of an inverse relationship between the expansion of Medicaid and the percentage of an establishment’s workers eligible for ESI. In line with other employer- and individual-level studies of the effect of the ACA on employment-related outcomes, we find that employer provision of health insurance was largely unaffected by the Medicaid expansions.
Construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction network correlated with ankylosing spondylitis.

Abstract Background Ankylosing spondylitis, a systemic illness is a foundation of progressing joint swelling that for the most part influences the spine. However, it frequently causes aggravation in different joints far from the spine, and in addition organs, for example, the eyes, heart, lungs, and kidneys. It's an immune system ailment that may be activated by specific sorts of bacterial or viral diseases that initiate an invulnerable reaction that don't close off after the contamination is recuperated. The particular reason for ankylosing spondylitis is obscure, yet hereditary qualities assume a huge part in this condition. The rising apparatuses of network medicine offer a stage to investigate an unpredictable illness at framework level. In this study, we meant to recognize the key proteins and the biological regulator pathways including in AS and further investigating the molecular connectivity between these pathways by the topological examination of the Protein-protein communication (PPI) system. Results The extended network including of 93 nodes and have 199 interactions respectively scanned from STRING database and some separated small networks. 24 proteins with high BC at the threshold of 0.01 and 55 proteins with large degree at the threshold of 1 have been identified. CD4 with highest BC and Closeness centrality located in the centre of the network. The backbone network derived from high BC proteins presents a clear and visual overview which shows all important regulatory pathways for AS and the crosstalk between them. Conclusion The finding of this research suggests that AS variation is orchestrated by an integrated PPI network centered on CD4 out of 93 nodes. Author summary Ankylosing spondylitis, a systemic disease is an establishment of advancing joint swelling that generally impacts the spine. Be that as it may, it as often as possible causes disturbance in various joints a long way from the spine, and what's more organs. It's a resistant framework affliction that might be actuated by particular sorts of bacterial or viral ailments that start an immune response that don't shut off after the pollution is recovered. The specific explanation behind AS is dark, yet innate qualities expect a colossal part in this condition. The rising devices of system solution offer a phase to examine an erratic ailment at structure level. In this study, we intended to perceive the key proteins and the natural controller pathways incorporating into AS. The finding of this research proposes that AS variety is organized by a coordinated PPI system focused on CD4.
Clinical Considerations and Surgical Management of Groin Disease in Penile and Scrotal Cancer

Penile cancer is rare, with the global incidence reported at 26,000 cases per year [1]. The majority of these cases occur in areas of South America, Africa, and Asia, accounting for up to 10% of all malignancies in the non-Western world, while penile cancer makes up only 0.4–0.6% of all cancers in men in the United States [2, 3]. It has been well reported in the literature that penile cancer typically plagues those men aged 50 years and older, with a reported incidence as high as 39% in patients greater than 66 years of age based on a Brazilian study [2, 4].
Metallurgical research in the USSR

The authors have observed Soviet research in physical metallurgy at several universities, teaching institutes, and research institutes in Moscow, Leningrad, and Sverdlovsk and found: They conclude that We must become familiar with Russian technical literature and place emphasis on the ability to read Russian.
Introduction to the absolute chronology of Neolithic cultures in Eastern Europe

This paper is an introduction to the discussion of radiocarbon chronology of Neolithic cul­­tures in Eastern Europe. It relates to a number of papers published in this volume.
Tax and Family Law Ties

As tax reform is debated, an important dimension to the debate should be highlighted: the interplay between tax and family law. This article examines that link.
Exterior Differential Systems in Control

This chapter has been extensively based on the research work of (and papers written with) Richard Murray, Dawn Tilbury, and Linda Bushneil. The text of the chapter follows notes written with George Pappas, John Lygeros, and Dawn Tilbury [241].
High NPM1-mutant allele burden at diagnosis predicts unfavorable outcomes in de novo AML

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutated NPM1 is a newly recognized separate entity in the revised 2016 World Health Organization classification and is associated with a favorable prognosis. Although previous studies have evaluated NPM1 in a binary fashion, little is known about the significance of its mutant allele burden at diagnosis, nor has the effect of comutations (other than FLT3) been extensively evaluated. We retrospectively used targeted sequencing data from 109 patients with de novo AML with mutated NPM1 to evaluate the potential significance of NPM1 variant allele frequency (VAF), comutations, and clinical parameters with regard to patient outcomes. We observed that high NPM1 VAF (uppermost quartile) correlated with shortened overall survival (median, 12.1 months vs not reached; P < .0001) as well as event-free survival (median, 7.5 vs 65.44 months; P < .0001) compared with the other NPM1-mutated cases. In both univariate and multivariable analyses, high NPM1 VAF had a particularly adverse prognostic effect in the subset of patients treated with stem-cell transplantation in first remission (P = .0004) and in patients with mutated DNMT3A (P < .0001). Our findings indicate that the prognostic effect of NPM1 mutation in de novo AML may be influenced by the relative abundance of the mutated allele.
Advances in and Quantification of Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the theory and quantification of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). It discusses the instrumentation used in AES. The principal experimental techniques that led to the fast advance of AES include the ease of converting existing low energy electron diffraction hemispherical retarding field analyzers to AES and the development of the high transmission cylindrical velocity analyzer. The cylindrical analyzer enhanced the resolution and cut down significantly on the time necessary to take Auger spectra, with the result that AES became a tool for routine laboratory use. The combination of AES with ion-sputtering techniques has further extended the usefulness of AES. The advances in AES and other surface techniques have been made possible by the large improvement in high vacuum technology, which has allowed systems to be built with pressures below 10 −10 Torr where it is possible to maintain a clean surface. Another advance being pursued is the high spatial resolution AES mode made possible by using a scanning electron microscope electron beam as the incident beam.
The Labor-Saving Device: Evidence of Responsibility?

It is unquestionably people who decide to develop and introduce new technologies. But technology advances so rapidly now that it is no longer apparent to the uninvolved observer that human beings are actually still in control of it. Technology, it is said, is on a “runaway” course; it is becoming “autonomous” of human agency. Taken literally, this characterization of technological change leaves no theoretical room for moral if even for legal responsibility. In the absence of any more subtle qualifications, it amounts to an instantiation of the sort of hard determinism that rules out the very possibility of free will.1
Leg Thrust Control for Stabilization of Dynamic Gaits in a Quadruped Robot

Several parameters must be regulated to control and stabilize running robots: for example, the regulation of the leg touchdown angles and the hip torques has been successfully used in the past to control quadruped machines. However, the regulation of leg thrust can also be an effective technique for controlling the characteristics of the gait (apex height, forward speed, attitude rate) and it can play an important role in gait stabilization. This paper presents the mechanical systems, the models and control strategies employed to regulate leg thrust on the KOLT quadruped robot. Two thrust control methods are proposed and tested experimentally. The closed loop method regulates thrust through the control of the hip liftoff speed, a conceptually simple control strategy that has the property of stabilizing pronk gaits without the need of central feedback. An open loop control method to regulate the energy added in each hop is also presented. Both experiments with the KOLT robot and simulations show the efficacy of the proposed approaches.
Transgenic Mouse Models in Prion Transmission Studies

Prion diseases are a unique group of mostly transmissible ­neurodegenerative diseases where the ubiquitous cellular prion protein (PrPC) plays a central role. Numerous transgenic mouse models have been instrumental in dissecting the roles of PrPC and other factors in the replication, pathogenesis, and transmission of the prion agents. This chapter summarizes the seminal roles of transgenic mouse models in prion transmission studies with an emphasis on the contributions of PrP primary sequence and prion strains to prion transmission barriers and non-PrP factors in prion pathogenesis.
The Effect of Cofed Species on the Kinetics of Catalytic Methyl Lactate Dehydration on NaY

The catalytic dehydration of biomass-derived methyl lactate to acrylic acid is a renewable route to a high-value, high-volume monomer, but achieving high selectivity and production rates remains challenging. One roadblock is that the role of the species cofed with methyl lactate, typically water, in the dehydration mechanism over alkali-metal-exchanged zeolites remains unclear. In this study, we determined the effects of protic and aprotic cofed species, including water, methanol, and methyl acetate, on the rate and selectivity of methyl lactate dehydration over NaY via kinetic and spectroscopic investigations. We show that water plays multiple competing roles in the mechanism: (1) generating the unselective Bronsted acid sites on NaY leading to acetaldehyde and coke formation; (2) suppressing the activity of the Lewis acid sites responsible for lactate dehydration; and (3) facilitating the displacement of adsorbed sodium acrylate by lactate, leading to the formation of acrylic acid. The first process inc...
173) Information Theory and Headache Triggers

Approximately 90% of individuals with headache believe there is at least one trigger, or causal factor, of their headache attacks. The list of headache triggers is extensive, but little is known about how individuals develop such beliefs. The aim of this secondary analysis was to evaluate the degree of information, measured using Shannon entropy, that headache triggers contain and to examine the relationship between joint entropy (i.e., triggers and headache activity) and trigger beliefs. We hypothesized that as information about a headache trigger increased (i.e., an individual was exposed to more states of the trigger), the strength of belief about the trigger also would increase. In a computer-based task, N = 300 participants rated the strength of the relationship between triggers and headaches. For each trigger, participants were asked to rate how often they encountered the trigger and how likely it was to cause a headache on a 0 to 10 scale. Headache triggers contained a wide range of information with binary (i.e., presence or absence) triggers containing between 0.01 and 1 bit of information while continuously scaled triggers (e.g., stress) contained more than 10 bits of information. Each bit of joint information was associated with an 18.4% (95CI: 10.9% to 25.9%) increase in perceived potency of the trigger. However, there was a statistically significant trigger x information interaction (p
Enhanced mixing at inertial microscales using flow-induced flutter

Flow-induced flutter of flexible flapping membranes can greatly increase scalar mixing in channel flows in the inertial microfluidics regime. We use flow-structure interaction simulations to investigate their flow physics and mixing ability and find rapid mixing with relatively low pressure loss.
Robust component: a robustness measure that incorporates access to critical facilities under disruptions

The objective of this paper is to integrate the post-disaster network access to critical facilities into the network robustness assessment, considering the geographical exposure of infrastructure to natural hazards. Conventional percolation modelling that uses generating function to measure network robustness fails to characterize spatial networks due to the degree correlation. In addition, the giant component alone is not sufficient to represent the performance of transportation networks in the post-disaster setting, especially in terms of the access to critical facilities (i.e. emergency services). Furthermore, the failure probability of various links in the face of different hazards needs to be encapsulated in simulation. To bridge this gap, this paper proposed the metric robust component and a probabilistic link-removal strategy to assess network robustness through a percolation-based simulation framework. A case study has been conducted on the Portland Metro road network during an M9.0 earthquake scenario. The results revealed how the number of critical facilities severely impacts network robustness. Besides, earthquake-induced failures led to a two-phase percolation transition in robustness performance. The proposed robust component metric and simulation scheme can be generalized into a wide range of scenarios, thus enabling engineers to pinpoint the impact of disastrous disruption on network robustness. This research can also be generalized to identify critical facilities and sites for future development.
Epimorphin stimulates side-branching and alveolar development in the mouse mammary gland and is regulated by the endocrine hormones 17 β -estradiol and progesterone

3053 Epimorphin/syntaxin-2 (EPM) is a stromally derived mammary morphogen that stimulates branching and lumen formation of mammary epithelial cells in 3-dimensional collagen-1 gel assays. Transgenic mice that overexpress EPM under whey acidic protein promoter have been shown to have enlarged mammary ducts in midpregnancy, and they are prone to develop mammary tumors as they age (Bascom et al, Cancer Research 2005). To determine whether EPM plays a role in normal mouse mammary gland development, we studied EPM expression and localization during mammary gland ontogeny, whether EPM is under regulation by the mammogenic hormones, 17β-estradiol and progesterone, and whether developmental defects occur as a result of EPM overproduction in the mammary gland. We show that EPM overexpression in WAP-EPM transgenic mice or exogenous EPM treatment by intramammary injection of recombinant protein, leads to precocious sidebranching and alveolar bud formation in the virgin mouse mammary gland and delays postlactional involution. In wildtype mice, EPM expression is highest in virgin mice at the time that the primary ductal structure branches into the stromal fatpad. EPM level also increases during late pregnancy and lactation. We show that EPM is negatively regulated by the endocrine hormones 17β-estradiol and progesterone, in the mouse mammary gland. Interestingly, it is the fibroblasts and not epithelial cells that show downregulation of EPM when treated with progesterone. Our results suggest that EPM plays a role in primary ductal branching and the development and maintenance of alveolar structures in midpregnant and lactating mice and that EPM is under negative regulation by 17β-estradiol and progesterone. The later finding suggests that another mammogenic factor stimulates EPM production during branching morphogenesis. (Funded by the DOE and the NCI)
Shaping Perception: Designing for Participatory Facilitation of Collaborative Geometry

Geometris is a technologically enabled, body-scale, educational game, in which collaborating players recreate target polygons, prompted on a digital screen, by activating a set of sensors–vertices on a large physical mat interface. We report on an evaluation study that draws on theoretical frameworks from ecological dynamics, genetic epistemology, and socio-cultural semiotics. Micro-analysis of three adult–child groups at play implicates two design features supporting mediated development of geometry skills: (1) spatial distribution across two displays – the screen and the mat – poses cross-display figural mapping as a tactical problem whose perceptual solution constitutes the game’s learning objective; (2) a multi-sensor input interface – the mat’s ‘vertices’ – enables flexible divisions of group labor for scaffolding solution enactment. We put forth the construct of participatory facilitation – an emergent interaction pattern in groups with inter-personal differences in content-domain knowledge and sensorimotor co-ordination. We tentatively generalize principles for designing informal educational activity architecture that create opportunities for relative experts to enculturate content learning via participatory facilitation.
Using classroom games to teach core concepts in market design, matching theory, and platform theory

Abstract Market design uses various economic tools, such as game theory and experimental analysis, to aid in the design, implementation, and the fixing of broken markets whenever needed. One application of market design is to study two-sided matching markets, such as marriage and labor markets. Market design and matching theory also relate to the study of platforms (i.e., profit-maximizing intermediaries who serve to connect two or more “sides” of people) such as Amazon, Netflix, and Airbnb. In this paper, we explore some of the core concepts in understanding market design, matching theory, and platforms, and we outline three classroom games with detailed instructions for instructors who may want to explore these topics in their own classes and curricula. The first game studies market thickness, market segmentation, and their use by platforms. The second game explores the ideas of preferences, differentiation, and search frictions to explore how positive assortative mating has had negative consequences for income inequality in the U.S. in recent history. The third game studies the function of algorithms in the design and operations of a platform and presents a game that teaches the Gale-Shapley algorithm, together with a supplementary handout for classroom activities, to further strengthen students’ understanding of this seminal algorithm. The games are flexible and can be implemented for a variety of levels of study, including an undergraduate introductory economics class, an upper-level undergraduate elective, or an MBA economics course covering topics relating to platform design and management.
Application Flexibility of a Low-Loss High-Frequency Inductor Structure

Miniaturization and improved performance of power electronics today are limited by magnetic components, which are difficult to scale to small size and high frequencies. Inductor structures using field shaping, quasi-distributed gaps, and modular construction have recently been shown to achieve low loss at HF. Nevertheless, for widespread adoption, it must be shown that such structures can continue to achieve low loss across applications and can also be produced economically. This work demonstrates that the previously-proposed inductor structure with the listed design features can cover a wide range of inductance and power handling requirements with only a few sets of manufactured core pieces. In particular, while conventional core sets are usually scaled by roughly 2x in volume, core set components for the proposed structure can be scaled by 4x in volume and still achieve high performance across a large, continuous range of inductor requirements. The proposed inductor structure and design techniques thus have potential for commercial adoption to facilitate the design of low-loss HF inductors.
Effects of U.S. Banking Deregulation on Unemployment Dynamics

Abstract I use state-level banking deregulation in the U.S. to study the causal impact of credit expansion on unemployment through its effects on the average monthly job-finding and job-losing rates. State-level analysis shows that deregulation increased the average job-finding rate and decreased the job-losing rate, and thus led to a lower unemployment rate. I also find that deregulation decreased the average unemployment duration. Extending the analysis to industry-state level, I find that the impact of deregulation on the job-finding rate is positive, but does not show any pattern across industries with respect to their needs for external finance. However, deregulation reduced the average job-losing rate, and the reduction monotonically increases with industries’ dependence on external finance.
Critical and Cultural Perspectives of Educational Technology Transfers and Theoretical Frameworks

This chapter traces a historical account of transfer of technologies from the West to the African countries by extrapolating the cultural differences and presenting a critical cultural approach to evaluating and choosing congruent technologies for each region. While the focus is on the hardware and software, a broader discussion incorporates extenuating outcomes or the by-products of those transfers which often impedes local cultural distinctiveness in those Western initiatives. The chapter highlights cultural imperialistic effect and the historical relationship of colonialism/neo-colonialism between several western countries (colonists) and the African nations. Equally, other theoretical underpinnings inherent in the transactions, adoption, and technology implementation, such as hegemony that guide such processes are discussed.
A better understanding of potentially hazardous asteroids

About 4700 potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) come within 8 million kilometers of Earth and are big enough to cause regional or larger-scale damage, according to results from NEOWISE, the near-Earth-object observing component of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), which NASA released on 16 May. The total number of PHAs with diameters larger than about 100 meters could be 1500 more or less than the total announced, and about 20%–30% of those asteroids have been found, according to NASA. The number of PHAs is similar to predicted numbers from earlier estimates, but because the WISE telescope detected infrared light from asteroids, the new study provides a more credible estimate of the number and sizes of PHAs, according to NASA. In addition, the results suggest that about twice as many PHAs as previously thought may reside in lower-inclination orbits more aligned with the plane of the Earth's orbit. Those asteroids are more likely to come close to the Earth, and they may also be easier to explore.
Phase effects in wireless multipath parameter estimation

Though estimating the delays and the amplitudes in wireless multipath channel models free of Doppler and phase differences is well understood and well documented, this is not true for the case when Doppler and phase are included in the model. Phase differences between multipath reflections come from properties inherent to every multipath channel and they produce problems in previously introduced multipath parameter (delay, Doppler and amplitude) estimators. Ways of overcoming these problems are suggested, and the phase is considered as a parameter to be estimated, as well. Phase estimates are important in coherent communication systems, if multipath components are to be eliminated, or recombined with the strongest incoming component. Cramer-Rao bounds for the estimates of one-path channel parameters (with and without phase) are derived, and final expressions are discussed in light of the influence of phase.
Mechanism of action of aldolases. XII. Primary structure around the substrate binding site of rabbit muscle aldolase.

Abstract A tryptic peptide of 28 amino acid residues containing the substrate combining site was isolated from rabbit muscle FDP-aldolase. The complete amino acid sequence of the active site peptide was established as: Ala-Leu-Ser-AspN-His-His-Ile-Tyr-Leu-GluN-Gly-Thr-Leu-Leu-βGLys-AspN-Pro-Met-Val-Thr-Pro-Gly-His-Ala-Cys-Thr-GluN-Lys. The significance of this primary structure in relation to the mechanism of action of aldolase is discussed.
Nonlinear RR Lyrae models with time dependent convection

Results of convectioe, nonlinear RR Lyrae models are presented. The standard mixing length theory has been used with time dependence being introduced through the convective velocity phase lag technique. Turbulent pressure and turbulent viscosity are also included.Results are compared with those of other time dependent convection theories.
Single-Point Power-Mooring Composite Cables for Wave Energy Converters

This paper presents the analysis and design of single-point power-mooring cables applied to wave energy converters (WECs). A mooring cable design process is suggested, and effects of cable cross-sectional layout, material selection, and conductor design on cable properties are investigated. The study focuses on cable design and structural material for a long service life. Six designs and four structural materials were studied for a total of 18 different configurations. The materials used for the study included Vectran HS, Kevlar 49, carbon fibers in a vinyl ester matrix, and MP35N alloy. Cable design had minimal impact on cable properties. Material used and component helical angle exhibited significant impact on cable mechanical properties. Synthetic fiber designs exhibited more desirable mechanical properties and fatigue performance than both carbon fibers in a vinyl ester matrix and MP35N alloy. Wave device heave and cable tension were not affected by cable material.
Teaching in the Mirror

The field of social psychology in the United States has only just begun to turn its gaze beyond American borders to explore social issues in cross-cultural context. Research and pedagogy on racism and privilege in particular will benefit by examining familiar dynamics in unfamiliar contexts. It is through this disciplinary lens that the author views the rich pedagogical possibilities for teaching about the psychology of prejudice in the United States by taking a close look at contemporary South Africa. This article draws primarily on the author's experience teaching about South Africa in an introductory course on the psychology of prejudice and racism, as well as other undergraduate courses in social psychology. The value of the unique South African case for American psychology students lies in the rich array of similarities and differences between the two countries, and especially in the remarkable transformations that shape post-apartheid South Africa
Semisimple Lie Algebras

In 1894, the French mathematician Cartan provided a way to classify all semisimple Lie algebras (Cartan 1894). The subject was subsequently taken up by Weyl (1926) and van der Waerden (1933).
Moving Beyond a Deficit Model to Describe and Promote the Career Development of At-Risk Youth

A theoretical framework for understanding the career maturity of diverse groups is needed since the career maturity construct has evolved using white, middle class samples (Cheatham, 1990). Krumboltz holds that career beliefs can be influenced by one's social environment (1991). If career beliefs were related to the career maturity of a diverse group, they could be used to provide a more coherent understanding of the unique social experiences that surround their career maturity. This study examined relationships between the career beliefs and the career maturity of academically at-risk students who were failing core academic courses. Several career beliefs were significantly related to the career maturity of the sample in this study such as the belief that obstacles can be overcome and college/occupation variation. The career beliefs construct appeared to clarify the role that social experiences played on the career maturity of the sample in this study.