cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Automated Control and Monitoring of Thermal Processing Using High Temperature, Short Time Pasteurization

Abstract High temperature, short time pasteurization was used to evaluate a computer-based system for controlling the pasteurization process, acquiring data, and monitoring records. Software was used for the control of hot water temperature, flow rate through the centrifugal timing pump, and diversion of underprocessed product. Three types of control strategies were conducted: single loop, cascade, and multivariable. The single loop control strategy showed the most rapid responses to temperature changes, but the temperature response curve was slowest to return to its set point. The cascade control strategy showed slower recoveries to temperature changes, but the temperature response curve was smoother. The multivariable control strategy responded slightly faster than the cascade control strategy, and the temperature response curve was slightly smoother than the cascade control strategy. The multivariable control strategy was able to control the flow diversion valve by the use of a lethality controller. The data acquisition system, used to monitor the data obtained from the high temperature, short-time pasteurization system, was within ±0.1°C of the temperature recorded by the safety thermal limit recorder. Reliability was determined by examining the changes in the position of the flow diversion valve to identify process deviations and by comparing the changes to the event marker on circular charts. The data acquisition system was an effective alternative for monitoring the completeness of data.
Metastable Atom-Activated Dissociation Mass Spectrometry of Phosphorylated and Sulfonated Peptides in Negative Ion Mode

The dissociation behavior of phosphorylated and sulfonated peptide anions was explored using metastable atom-activated dissociation mass spectrometry (MAD-MS) and collision-induced dissociation (CID). A beam of high kinetic energy helium (He) metastable atoms was exposed to isolated phosphorylated and sulfonated peptides in the 3– and 2– charge states. Unlike CID, where phosphate losses are dominant, the major dissociation channels observed using MAD were Cα – C peptide backbone cleavages and neutral losses of CO2 ,H 2O, and [CO2+H2O] from the charge reduced (oxidized) product ion, consistent with an electron detachment dissociation (EDD) mechanism such as Penning ionization. Regardless of charge state or modification, MAD provides ample backbone cleavages with little modification loss, which allows for unambiguous PTM site determination. The relative abundance of certain fragment ions in MAD is also demonstrated to be somewhat sensitive to the number and location of deprotonation sites, with backbone cleavage somewhat favored adjacent to deprotonated sites like aspartic acid residues. MAD provides a complementary dissociation technique to CID, ECD, ETD, and EDD for peptide sequencing and modification identification. MAD offers the unique ability to analyze highly acidic peptides that contain few to no basic amino acids in either negative or positive ion mode.
Sustainable drag reduction in turbulent Taylor-Couette flows by depositing sprayable superhydrophobic surfaces.

We demonstrate a reduction in the measured inner wall shear stress in moderately turbulent Taylor-Couette flows by depositing sprayable superhydrophobic microstructures on the inner rotor surface. The magnitude of reduction becomes progressively larger as the Reynolds number increases up to a value of 22% at $\mathrm{Re}=8.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{4}$. We show that the mean skin friction coefficient ${C}_{f}$ in the presence of the superhydrophobic coating can be fitted to a modified Prandtl--von K\'arm\'an--type relationship of the form $({C}_{f}/2{)}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}=M\mathrm{ln}\text{ }(\mathrm{Re}({C}_{f}/2{)}^{1/2})+N+(b/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}r)\mathrm{Re}({C}_{f}/2{)}^{1/2}$ from which we extract an effective slip length of $b\ensuremath{\approx}19\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$. The dimensionless effective slip length ${b}^{+}=b/{\ensuremath{\delta}}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$, where ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ is the viscous length scale, is the key parameter that governs the drag reduction and is shown to scale as ${b}^{+}\ensuremath{\sim}{\mathrm{Re}}^{1/2}$ in the limit of high Re.
Neuromechanical response of musculo-skeletal structures in cockroaches during rapid running on rough terrain

SUMMARY A musculo-skeletal structure can stabilize rapid locomotion using neural and/or mechanical feedback. Neural feedback results in an altered feedforward activation pattern, whereas mechanical feedback using visco-elastic structures does not require a change in the neural motor code. We selected musculo-skeletal structures in the cockroach (Blaberus discoidalis) because their single motor neuron innervation allows the simplest possible characterization of activation. We ran cockroaches over a track with randomized blocks of heights up to three times the animal9s `hip9 (1.5 cm), while recording muscle action potentials (MAPs) from a set of putative control musculo-skeletal structures (femoral extensors 178 and 179). Animals experienced significant perturbations in body pitch, roll and yaw, but reduced speed by less than 20%. Surprisingly, we discovered no significant difference in the distribution of the number of MAPs, the interspike interval, burst phase or interburst period between flat and rough terrain trials. During a few very large perturbations or when a single leg failed to make contact throughout stance, neural feedback was detectable as a phase shift of the central rhythm and alteration of MAP number. System level responses of appendages were consistent with a dominant role of mechanical feedback. Duty factors and gait phases did not change for cockroaches running on flat versus rough terrain. Cockroaches did not use a follow-the-leader gait requiring compensatory corrections on a step-by-step basis. Arthropods appear to simplify control on rough terrain by rapid running that uses kinetic energy to bridge gaps between footholds and distributed mechanical feedback to stabilize the body.
A Structural Interpretation of the Aftershock “Cloud” of the 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers Earthquake

We analyze the spatial relationship of relocated aftershocks to the principal rupture planes of the M w 7.3 1992 Landers mainshock from a structural point of view. We find that the aftershocks constitute primarily a several-kilometer-wide damage zone centered on the mainshock rupture planes. The intensity of damage decreases away from the principal faults. Less than half of the aftershocks occurred within 1 km of the mainshock planes, and perhaps only 5% of the aftershocks are candidates for rerupture of the mainshock faults. Moreover, it seems that aftershocks along the Landers rupture have b -values that correlate well with the complexity of the mainshock rupture. Low b -values occur along segments that are simple, whereas higher b -values correlate with sections that are more complex. Thus, structural complexity appears to correlate with a greater relative abundance of small earthquakes. These observations imply that aftershock populations reflect fault populations in the medium surrounding the principal faults rather than the behavior of the mainshock planes themselves. Online material : Arcview information about the surface rupture of the Landers mainshock.
Mie scattering and rough surfaces.

The light-scattering properties of rough surfaces for which the feature size is comparable to the photon wavelength are shown to be well modeled by an ensemble of noninteracting spheres, where the scattering properties of each sphere are given by the Mie theory. The fractions of incident light forward scattered and backscattered by rough SnO2 films deposited on glass, or backscattered by such films overcoated with Ag, are measured and compared to the model.
Layered metal sulfides: Exceptionally selective agents for radioactive strontium removal

In this article, we report the family of robust layered sulfides K2xMnxSn3-xS6 (x = 0.5–0.95) (KMS-1). These materials feature hexagonal [MnxSn3-xS6]2x− slabs of the CdI2 type and contain highly mobile K+ ions in their interlayer space that are easily exchangeable with other cations and particularly strontium. KMS-1 display outstanding preference for strontium ions in highly alkaline solutions containing extremely large excess of sodium cations as well as in acidic environment where most alternative adsorbents with oxygen ligands are nearly inactive. The implication of these results is that simple layered sulfides should be considered for the efficient remediation of certain nuclear wastes.
The cell biology of regeneration

Regeneration of complex structures after injury requires dramatic changes in cellular behavior. Regenerating tissues initiate a program that includes diverse processes such as wound healing, cell death, dedifferentiation, and stem (or progenitor) cell proliferation; furthermore, newly regenerated tissues must integrate polarity and positional identity cues with preexisting body structures. Gene knockdown approaches and transgenesis-based lineage and functional analyses have been instrumental in deciphering various aspects of regenerative processes in diverse animal models for studying regeneration.
Volatility of Stock Return Variance and Capital Gains Tax

Building on the work of Constantinides (1983, 1984), we develop a two-period portfolio-selection model with differential capital gains tax rates. It shows that stock return volatility can affect individual investors’ intertemporal decisions on capital gains and losses realizaiton. Our model provides three testable predictions. First, short-term capital gains realization is negatively correlated with the differential tax rate between short-term and long-term capital gains, but positively correlated with stock market volatility. It is unknown ex ante which effect dominates. Second, the short-term capital losses realization is positively correlated with both the differential tax rate and market volatility. Third, the sensitivity of realized short-term capital losses to market volatility is larger than that of the realized short-term capital gains to market volatility. These predictions are consistent with the empirical evidence.
Trends in the perceived complexity of primary health care: a secondary analysis.

Rationale If the complexity of the patient's medical problems increases or the complexity of the interactions between the doctor and the patient, the staff or the health care system increase, then complexity of patient care will increase. This study examined trends in patient complexity, and identified doctor, practice and improvement strategy characteristics associated with perceived complexity. Methods This secondary analysis used data from three Community Tracking Surveys with 22 134 primary care doctors completing surveys about themselves, their practice setting, practice improvement strategies and complexity of care in three consecutive 2-year time periods (1996–1997, 1998–1999, 2000–2001). Data were analysed using hierarchical logistic regression. Results The proportion of primary care doctors who perceived that complexity of care had increased over the past 2 years rose from 31.5% to 35.9%. Perceived complexity of patient care was consistently related to being in solo practice and the belief that they could not frequently obtain high-quality services and referrals for patients. As availability of services increased, complexity decreased whereas as use of practice improvement strategies increased, complexity also increased. Conclusions Understanding that we cannot determine whether respondents understood care as ‘complicated’ or ‘complex’, potential consequences of this increase in complexity include an increase in medical errors and referral rates along with decreased quality of patient care and career satisfaction.
[HIV infection status among men who have sex with men in Henan, 2008-2013].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the infection status of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Henan province and provide scientific evidence for the development of AIDS prevention and control measures. METHODS: The analysis was conducted on the data about incidence of HIV infection and related risk factors among MSM in Henan from 2008 to 2013 which were obtained from AIDS reporting information system and AIDS survey in MSM. RESULTS: The constituent of HIV infection in MSM increased from 1.3% in 2008 to 17.1% in 2013. The HIV infection rate in MSM increased from 4.69% in 2008 to 8.33% in 2013 (trend chi(2) = 39.24 P < 0.001). Univariate analysis indicated that the risk factors related with HIV infection included age (chi(2) = 21.03 P < 0.001) education level (chi(2) = 31.66 P < 0.001) occupation (chi(2) = 14.59 P = 0.01) condom use in the last anal sex (chi(2) = 134.97 P < 0.001) condom use in anal sex during past 6 months (chi(2) = 97.15 P < 0.001) STI history (chi(2) = 67.21 P < 0.001) and syphilis prevalence (chi(2) = 163.60 P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that HIV infection related risk factors included age STD history syphilis prevalence and poor awareness of AIDS related knowledge. CONCLUSION: The incidence of HIV infection among MSM in Henan increased rapidly and homosexual transmission has become the major route of HIV infection. HIV infection related risk behavior is prevalent among MSM therefore it is necessary to take effective measures to prevent and control HIV/AIDS in MSM.
AutoFDO: automatic feedback-directed optimization for warehouse-scale applications

AutoFDO is a system to simplify real-world deployment of feedback-directed optimization (FDO). The system works by sampling hardware performance monitors on production machines and using those profiles in to guide optimization. Profile data is stale by design, and we have implemented compiler features to deliver stable speedup across releases. The resulting performance is a geomean of 10.5% improvement on our benchmarks. AutoFDO achieves 85% of the gains of traditional FDO, despite imprecision due to sampling and information lost in the compilation pipeline. The system is deployed to hundreds of binaries at Google, and it is extremely easy to enable; users need only to add some flags to their release build. To date, AutoFDO has increased the number of FDO users at Google by 8X and has doubled the number of cycles spent in FDO-optimized binaries. Over half of CPU cycles used are now spent in some flavor of FDO-optimized binaries.
Multichannel surface discharge switch

The performance of a multichannel surface discharge switch has been investigated as a function of the dielectric material. The switch operates at 45 kV and transfers 180 joules per shot at a rate of 1.2 pps in ambient air. Dielectrics presently under investigation include Delrin, Blue Nylon, Kapton, Lucite, G-10, Macor ceramic, and two forms of boron nitride. The dielectrics are compared by observing their erosion, changes in breakdown voltage, and the number of channels per meter during discharges. The surfaces of three of the dielectrics exposed to 10,000 shots have been studied using ESCA.
The daily workload analysis of physical therapists of visiting health center in Korea

and motor performance is accepted, but the degree to which PA levels influence dynamic balance in adolescents has yet to be explored. Purpose: This study sought to examine the levels of dynamic balance in young people to investigate any correlation between the latter and BMI or Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA). Methods:One hundred and fifteen secondary school adolescents (55 girls, 60 boys mean age 13.92 years± .66) were assessed for height (m) and body mass (kg) using a Seca stadiometre and weighing scales (Seca Instruments, Germany) from which body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was determined. The Y balance was used to assess dynamic balance. This is a reliable and valid tool for adolescents. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine levels of habitual MVPA from which a dichotomous (high vs lowMVPA calculated in METs) variable was created using a median split. Correlations between dynamic balance, MVPA and BMI were calculated. ANCOVA analysis enabled the differences in the dependant variables between fitness and gender groups to be analysed controlling for any impact of weight status whilst at the same time enabling the association between the dependant variables and the covariate to be determined. Results:Pearson’s productmoment correlations indicated a significant correlation (p= .0001) between dynamic balance and total METs (r= .403). A 2 (gender) by 2 (high vs low MVPA) way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for BMI, indicated significant gender (p= .026) and MVPA level (p= .002) main effects. Girls, and adolescents with high MVPA, had better Y-balance scores than boys and adolescents with low MVPA respectively. BMI was not significant as a covariate (p= .177). Conclusion(s): The results of the present study suggests it is the level of physical activity (MVPA) not BMI that has a stronger influence on dynamic balance. Future research examining how MVPA interventions modify dynamic balance would be useful in understanding any cause and effect relationship between the variables studied here. Implications: This study suggests that dynamic balance appears to be associated with MVPA independent of BMI. Physiotherapy is promoting exercise as being important for general health, however the intensity should be considered in relationship to balance.
Does Educating Girls Really Change the World

Directed by Richard Robbins and released in 2013, Girl Rising is a documentary-style film that takesviewers on a journey to nine countries, introducing a local girl in each context whose story underscores themyriad challenges facing girls in developing countries around the world. Interspersed between the girls’stories are statistics that offer viewers a macro-level picture of girls’ status in places like Haiti, Ethiopia, India,and Peru. The upshot of the film is that increasing girls’ access to education has the potential to spark broadbasedeconomic, political, and social change in the developing world. Among the film’s strengths are itseffectiveness as a consciousness-raising tool, beautiful composition, and the careful balance it strikesbetween depicting girls’ plight and foregrounding their strength and resilience in the face of hardship. Nevertheless, the film’s narrow focus on schooling for girls not only oversimplifies the multiple and intersectingforces – local, national, and global - that shape and constrain their lives, but also oversells education as asilver bullet solution.
Engineering photonic-plasmonic coupling in metal nanoparticle necklaces.

In this paper, by combining three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations, dark-field scattering analysis, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) we systematically investigate...
Practical and Fundamental Studies of Nanocrystalline Composite Thin Films

Nanocrytslline composite films of Ag-Mo and Ag-Ni have been made by a co-deposition technique in UHV. The structure and composition have been studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). For practical applications, the friction coefficient and wear rate were measured using a pin-on-plate machine for Ag-Mo composites deposited on steel. For fundamental studies, the hardness of the Ag-Ni composites deposited on oxidized Si wafers was measured using a nanoindenter. Experiments show that (1) reduction of friction and wear rate can be achieved using these nanocomposite coatings and (2) the hardness of the nanocomposites depends on the grain size. As the grain size of the Ag decreases from 100 to 10 nm, the hardness increases about 4 times.
Elevation of Plasma Milrinone Concentrations in Stage D Heart Failure Associated With Renal Dysfunction

Purpose:To determine steady state milrinone concentrations in patients with stage D heart failure (HF) with and without renal dysfunctionMethods:We retrospectively identified patients with stage D ...
Open Fractures: Initial Management

Open fractures are commonly associated with additional major injury following high-energy mechanisms. A thorough evaluation of the local injury as well as considering the patient’s status represents the basis for therapeutic steps. further Careful debridement and irrigation using pressure pulsatile lavage should be performed within the first 12 h. Systemic antibiotic administration should be performed as early as possible for infection prevention. Dependent on the patient’s condition and local injury pattern, fracture stabilization should be performed with external or internal stabilization devices. For type I and II injuries primary wound closure is possible, in type III injuries temporary wound closure using negative-pressure wound therapy should be performed.
PENETRATION OF CRYOLITE MEAD AND SODIUM INTO CATHODE CARBON BLOCKS DURING ELECTROLYSIS

The penetration of sodium into the cathodic carbon samples, which were made by electricalbaking at high pressure, was studied. These samples have high density and special poress structure. Theexperimental results are usefUl for discussing the mechanism of sodium penetration into cathode carbonblocks during electrolysis. Sodium penetrates into carbon by diffusion both through the carbon latticeand through the pores in the carbon. When the carbon has low air permeability of porous structure,the sodium penetrates predondnantly through the carbon lattice where the sodium reacts with carbonto form intercalation compounds. When the carbon has more porous the sodium penetrates into carbonpredominetly through the pores.
P17.23 Implementing prioritised hiv linkage-to-care and contact tracing among individuals with high hiv viral load in baltimore, maryland, usa: results from a pilot program

Background Because of increased transmission potential, the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends prioritising high HIV viral load (≥50,000 copies/mL, HVL) individuals for routine follow-up services, including linkage-to-care and partner services. However, little guidance exists on operationalizing this recommendation. In June 2014, the Baltimore City Health Department developed and implemented a pilot program to prioritise HVL individuals for follow-up services. The objective of this analysis is to describe the pilot program and evaluate process outcomes for follow-up services pre- and post-pilot program implementation. Methods This pilot program was modelled after a protocol for responding to congenital syphilis. Disease Intervention Specialists (DIS) were trained to locate, administer partner services interviews and link-to-care HVL individuals with increased urgency and effort compared to other HIV cases. A DIS supervisor reviewed each HVL case before closing to ensure adequate response and documentation. We used a pre-post design to evaluate the pilot and compared linkage-to-care and contact tracing outcomes for HVL individuals post pilot implementation (post-pilot, June 2014–January 2015) to a similar time period prior to implementation (pre-pilot, June 2013–January 2014). Results There were 23 pre-pilot and 17 post-pilot HVL cases (n = 40). DIS were more likely to link HVL individuals to care (59% pre-pilot vs. 65% post-pilot), and complete partner services interviews (39% pre-pilot vs. 59% post-pilot). Among HVL individuals who completed interviews, DIS were more likely to obtain sex partner meeting place information (33% pre-pilot vs. 40% post-pilot) and locating information for disclosed sex partners (16% pre-pilot vs. 39% post-pilot) in the post-pilot period compared to the pre-pilot period. Conclusion This pilot program demonstrates one successful method to operationalize CDC guidelines regarding prioritisation of HVL individuals. Future work will evaluate additional outcomes of this program, including HIV testing among sex partners and at sex partner meeting places disclosed by HVL individuals. Disclosure of interest statement The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
D2D communication underlay in uplink cellular networks with distance based power control

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is a promising technology in the next generation (5G) cellular network as it can significantly improve the system performance by leveraging the proximity of communications and reusing cellular frequency resources. However, this benefit may not be fully exploited if the co-channel interference among D2D users (DUE) and cellular users (CUE) is not properly tackled. In this paper we propose a distance based power control scheme for D2D communication underlaying uplink cellular network to achieve the expected performance gain without generating evident interference to primary CUEs. We analyze the coverage performance of both CUEs and DUEs. Stochastic geometry model, more specifically, Poisson Point Process (PPP) model, is applied to get the tractable analysis results. The analytical results are validated by simulation.
Methylcellulose: An alternative medium for the study of burrowing aquatic invertebrates

Methylcellulose mixed with sea water forms a highly transparent, viscous solution which is palpably similar to certain natural marine sediments such as oozes and flocculent muds. Two species of invertebrates, a polychaete and a priapulid, have been observed burrowing in methylcellulose/sea water solution. Such a medium is superior to other artificial substrata (e.g. cryolite and glass particles) in terms of transparency and penetrability which are especially critical when observing soft‐bodied invertebrates and when quantification of the relative advance of individual appendages or segments is required.
Nutrition Interventions in Chronic Kidney Disease

Dietary modification is recommended in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Individuals with CKD often have multiple comorbidities, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, for which dietary modification is also recommended. As CKD progresses, nutrition plays an important role in mitigating risk for cardiovascular disease and decline in kidney function. The objectives of nutrition interventions in CKD include management of risk factors, ensuring optimal nutritional status throughout all stages of CKD, preventing buildup of toxic metabolic products, and avoiding complications of CKD. Recommended dietary changes should be feasible, sustainable, and suited for patients' food preferences and clinical needs.
On The Perception of Cutaneous Figures

When figures (letters, geometric forms) are traced on the head of S, he appears able to report the figure from two perspectives, that of the experimenter who does the tracing and that of an internal observer who experiences the tracing as its mirror-image. Natsoulas and Dubanoski have proposed an interpretation of this and additional, closely related, observations in terms of a perceiver (ego) that can vary in orientation and locus. Yonge has presented a reinterpretation of the results of Natsoulas and Dubanoski according to which the locus of the perceiver remains fixed, although the left-right orientation can be displaced. The present article considers the new interpretation in the light of relevant re-analyses of earlier data, and reports a “direct” test of the displacement hypothesis. In addition, the conceptual scheme of Natsoulas and Dubanoski is extended to apply to the conditions of an experiment by Dubanoski, and the data of the latter experiment are re-analyzed in terms of the new expectations.
Cultural effects on the association between election outcomes and face-based trait inferences.

How competent a politician looks, as assessed in the laboratory, is correlated with whether the politician wins in real elections. This finding has led many to investigate whether the association between candidate appearances and election outcomes transcends cultures. However, these studies have largely focused on European countries and Caucasian candidates. To the best of our knowledge, there are only four cross-cultural studies that have directly investigated how face-based trait inferences correlate with election outcomes across Caucasian and Asian cultures. These prior studies have provided some initial evidence regarding cultural differences, but methodological problems and inconsistent findings have complicated our understanding of how culture mediates the effects of candidate appearances on election outcomes. Additionally, these four past studies have focused on positive traits, with a relative neglect of negative traits, resulting in an incomplete picture of how culture may impact a broader range of trait inferences. To study Caucasian-Asian cultural effects with a more balanced experimental design, and to explore a more complete profile of traits, here we compared how Caucasian and Korean participants’ inferences of positive and negative traits correlated with U.S. and Korean election outcomes. Contrary to previous reports, we found that inferences of competence (made by participants from both cultures) correlated with both U.S. and Korean election outcomes. Inferences of open-mindedness and threat, two traits neglected in previous cross-cultural studies, were correlated with Korean but not U.S. election outcomes. This differential effect was found in trait judgments made by both Caucasian and Korean participants. Interestingly, the faster the participants made face-based trait inferences, the more strongly those inferences were correlated with real election outcomes. These findings provide new insights into cultural effects and the difficult question of causality underlying the association between facial inferences and election outcomes. We also discuss the implications for political science and cognitive psychology.
Interaction of Zn(II)bleomycin-A 2 and Zn(II)peplomycin with a DNA hairpin containing the 5′-GT-3′ binding site in comparison with the 5′-GC-3′ binding site studied by NMR spectroscopy

Bleomycins are a group of glycopeptide antibiotics synthesized by Streptomyces verticillus that are widely used for the treatment of various neoplastic diseases. These antibiotics have the ability to chelate a metal center, mainly Fe(II), and cause site-specific DNA cleavage. Bleomycins are differentiated by their C-terminal regions. Although this antibiotic family is a successful course of treatment for some types of cancers, it is known to cause pulmonary fibrosis. Previous studies have identified that bleomycin-related pulmonary toxicity is linked to the C-terminal region of these drugs. This region has been shown to closely interact with DNA. We examined the binding of Zn(II)peplomycin and Zn(II)bleomycin-A2 to a DNA hairpin of sequence 5′-CCAGTATTTTTACTGG-3′, containing the binding site 5′-GT-3′, and compared the results with those obtained from our studies of the same MBLMs bound to a DNA hairpin containing the binding site 5′-GC-3′. We provide evidence that the DNA base sequence has a strong impact in the final structure of the drug–target complex.
2015 AERA Presidential Address: Morally Engaged Research/ers Dismantling Epistemological Nihilation in the Age of Impunity.

This article presents Joyce E. King’s 2015 AERA presidential address, which artfully combined scholarly discourse with performance elements and diverse voices in several multimedia formats. In disc...
Temporal shift of sea turtle nest sites in an eroding barrier island beach

Abstract Shoreline changes affect functionality of a sandy beach as a wildlife habitat and coastal erosion is among the primary causes of the changes. We examined temporal shifts in locations where loggerheads placed nests in relation to coastal erosion along a barrier island beach in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We first confirmed consistency in long-term (1855–2001), short-term (1976–2001), and more recent (2002–2012) shoreline change rates in two adjacent beach sections, one historically eroding (west beach) and the other accreting (east beach). The mean annual shoreline change rate in the two sections was significantly different in all time periods. The recent (1998–2012) mean change rate was −10.9 ± 9.9 m/year in the west beach and −2.8 ± 4.9 m/year in the east beach, which resulted in the loss of about 70% and 30% of area in the west and east beaches, respectively. Loggerheads nested significantly closer to the vegetation line in 2012 than in 2002 in the west beach but the difference between the two time periods was not significant in the east beach. However, the distance from nests to the vegetation line from 2002 to 2014 was significantly reduced annually in both beaches; on average, loggerheads nested closer to the vegetation line by 9 m/year in the west beach and 5.8 m/year in the east beach. The observed shoreline change rate and corresponding shift of nest placement sites, combined with the forecasted future beach loss, highlighted the importance of addressing the issue of beach erosion to conserve sandy beach habitats.
Bicameralism and the balance of power in EU legislative politics

While there are many studies that focus on the changing power of the European Parliament (EP), the shifting relationships between European Union (EU) institutions has received far less attention. Few consider the impact of the transformation of the EP on the other core EU institutions, particularly the Commission and Council. Together these three institutions determine the policy outcomes of the EU, but how they work together and the changing balance of power between them is largely a mystery. This research seeks to fill this lacuna by examining the relative policy influence of these institutions through the lens of policy preference congruence and inter-institutional policy coalitions. Utilizing the DEU II dataset to measure institutional policy preferences and policy outcomes it is possible to discern patterns of policy preference congruence between these institutions and assess their relative influence over policy outcomes. This research finds that previous expectations of a stable policy coalition between the two “supranational” actors are no longer accurate. Increasingly the EP and the Council share policy congruence and form effective policy coalitions. Moreover, the historical dependence of the EP on the support of the Commission has diminished, while the Council continues to exert largely independent policy influence
EXOSOMES PRODUCED BY HUMAN AMNIOTIC MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL-DERIVED INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS MODULATE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN MURINE MYOCARDIAL INJURY MODEL

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) produce exosomes, which underlie the restorative effects in the injured myocardium. These nanoscale vesicles attenuate the innate immune response in the post-injury myocardium. The secretome of the human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) are known to
The Application of Quantum Monte Carlo to Problems in Electronic Structure

A overall view of the quantum Monte Carlo methods which have been applied to the calculation of electronic properties of condensed matter systems is given. The dependance of statistical and systematic errors on trial functions and computer time is discussed. Generic problems and opportunities are identified.
Analysis of proteins secreted by the human endometrium in vivo and in vitro.

Human uterine luminal fluids contain over two dozen proteins distinct from those of serum as detected by two dimensional gel electrophoresis and silver-type protein staining. Eighty-one percent of these uterine fluid proteins can be detected in vitro by radiolabeled methionine incorporation studies and the vast majority of these products are epithelial in origin. The major recognizable menstrual cycle phase-dependent change in the protein pattern in these gels was the appearance of a protein group (number 27) of approximately 25,000 mw and pi of 5.8 – 6.3. This group of proteins was found in nearly all mid- and all late secretory phase fluids or culture media and in none obtained earlier in the cycle. As yet, however, it has not been possible to induce these proteins in proliferative specimens in vitro by the addition of estrogens and/or progestins, though studies along these lines are continuing. Although we cannot be certain, it appears as though protein group number 27 is distinct from, but similar in several respects to, other proteins of human endometrium reported in the literature.
Systemic cytokine immunotherapy for experimental cytomegalovirus retinitis in mice with retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency.

PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the in vivo administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) or interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the immunotherapy of necrotizing retinitis caused by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) in mice with a retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS). METHODS Adult C57BL/6 mice with MAIDS of 8 weeks' duration were treated with either a single intramuscular injection of polyethylene glycol-modified human recombinant IL-2 (PEG-IL-2) or multiple intramuscular injections of murine recombinant IL-12; untreated mice with MAIDS received phosphate-buffered saline. Two days later, the left eyes of all mice were inoculated with MCMV by subretinal injection and evaluated at day 6 for intraocular MCMV titers or at day 10 for frequency of necrotizing MCMV retinitis. RESULTS Infectious MCMV was significantly reduced in whole eyes of PEG-IL-2-treated mice with MAIDS (2.8 log10), but not in whole eyes of IL-12-treated animals (4.4 log10) when compared with whole eyes of untreated animals with MAIDS (4.5 log10). Similarly, whereas eyes from approximately 80% of IL-12-treated and untreated mice with MAIDS showed histopathologic features consistent with classic necrotizing MCMV retinitis (full-thickness retinal necrosis associated with virus inclusions and cytomegalocytes), none (0%) of PEG-IL-2-treated animals with MAIDS showed classic MCMV retinitis. Instead, eyes from these animals showed either retinal folding or outer retinal atrophy, a pattern of histopathology similar to that observed in eyes from immunologically normal C57BL/6 mice inoculated subretinally with MCMV. CONCLUSIONS These results provide proof-of-principle for the hypothesis that systemic cytokine immunotherapy will reduce the frequency of CMV retinitis in a setting of retrovirus-induced immunosuppression. Because of the striking differential effects of IL-2 and IL-12 on MCMV-retinitis in mice with MAIDS, the authors conclude that cytokine immunotherapy for cytomegalovirus-induced retinitis is cytokine-specific, even for such cytokines as IL-2 and IL-12 that have T cell regulation in common.
THE OPIOID ANTAGONIST β-FUNALTREXAMINE (β -FNA) DIFFERENTIALLY ANTAGONIZES THE ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF MORPHINE AND METKEPHAMID (LY127623), A METHIONINE-ENKEPHALIN ANALOG

Metkephamid, a methionine-enkephalin analog, has a high affinity for the μ and δ, but not Κ, opioid receptor. Analgesic activity has been demonstrated in a number of preclinical analgesic tests (Frederickson et al, 1981; Hynes and Frederickson, 1982; Frederickson et al, 1983) and clinically (Bloomfield et al, 1982; Calimlim et al, 1982a; Calimlim et al, 1982b). Cross-tolerance and selective antagonism studies have differentiated metkephamid from morphine, and this suggest a role for the 6 opioid receptors in the analgesic effect of metkephamid (Hynes and Frederickson, 1982).
Managed Drug Use in Assisted Living and Home Care Settings

In this article, the issue of who benefits from managed drug use in assisted living and home care settings is addressed from a clinical perspective. Benefit in clinical terms is always focused on the patient as an individual and not on the system or process of providing managed drug use. Indeed, the traditional definition of managed drug use is abandoned in this article. Rather, managed drug use is defined as ‘the appropriate and rational use of drugs based on the patient’s individual and unique medical history and current diagnoses and encompasses the use of prescribed, purchased and consumed drugs.’ Because the majority of patients receiving healthcare in the assisted living or home care setting are elderly, the question ‘how can drugs be managed more appropriately?’ in the older population in the assisted living and home care setting is posed. While the answers to this question are not complex nor original, the authors of this article believe they serve as the foundation for achieving optimal ‘managed drug use’ in assisted living facilities and in the home.
Bone Marrow Concentrate Does Not Improve Osseous Integration of Osteochondral Allograft Transplants in the Knee: A Comparative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis:

Objectives:Fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA), which transfers viable, mature hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone into full-thickness chondral defects, has demonstrated good lon...
Stenting of the Great Vessels

Endovascular treatment of pathologies of the great vessels leading to the cerebrovasculature is becoming increasingly common. This is achieved by use of stents to reinforce an injured vessel lumen or expand the lumen in stenotic segments. Here we discuss the indication for stenting, types of stents available, and associated complications from these procedures and their management.
Correction: Amiri, E. et al. Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen⁻Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways. Insects 2019, 10, 9.

It has been brought to our attention that one note was missing in the Funding section of our published paper [...]
Prognose der Konjunktivodakryozystorhinostomie Modifikationen mit unterschiedlichen Implantatmaterialien

Hintergrund. Bei ausgedehnten Verschlussen der prasakkalen bzw. der gesamten Tranennasenwege erfordert die funktionelle Rehabilitation den Neuaufbau der tranenableitenden Strukturen. Die operativ geschaffene Tranenableitung aus dem Bindehautsack wird durch ein Kunststoffimplantat sichergestellt. Neben anderen Kriterien soll der Einfluss der verwendeten Materialien Polyethylen und Silikonkautschuk auf das funktionelle Ergebnis uberpruft werden. Patienten und Methode: Zwischen 9/1978 und 2/1999 erfolgten an der Augenklinik Halle insgesamt 37 fortlaufend dokumentierte Konjunktivodakryozystorhinostomien sowie modifizierte Operationen (1mal beidseits) an 36 Patienten (22 Manner und 14 Frauen) im Alter von 9–76 Jahren (durchschnittlich 35,2 Jahre). Die bis 1990 mit Polyethylenrohrchen durchgefuhrten Operationen (Gruppe I: n=23) wurden denen seit 1991 mit Silikonrohrchen (Gruppe II: n=14) gegenubergestellt. In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden die Krankenakten ausgewertet und die Patienten nachuntersucht. Ergebnisse: Ursache dieser schwerstgeschadigten Tranenwege waren Unfalle (n=21), Fehlbildungen (n=8), chronische Entzundungen (n=5) sowie Tumoren (n=2). Es kamen die Konjunktivodakryozystorhinostomie (KDR, n=23), die Konjunktivodakryozystostomie (KD, n=10) und die Konjunktivorhinostomie (KR, n=4), 21mal am rechten und 16mal am linken Auge zur Anwendung. In der Gruppe I wurde nach 14 von 23 Operationen (61%) eine funktionelle Heilung erzielt, in der Gruppe II nach 10 von 14 Operationen (72%). Die Polyethylenrohrchen wurden durchschnittlich 15 Monate belassen (4mal Spontanabstosung), die Silikonrohrchen 12 Monate (4mal Spontanabstosung). Schlussfolgerungen: Zerstorung oder angeborenes Fehlen der Tranenrohrchen sowie angrenzender Strukturen machen bei entsprechenden Beschwerden die operative Rekonstruktion der ableitenden Tranenwege erforderlich. Mit Einfuhrung der Silikonrohrchen konnte die Prognose dieser Operationsverfahren weiter verbessert werden.
Managing a Heterogeneous Cluster

Most HPC clusters are purchased with a large quantity of identical hardware, which is maintained through its lifecycle and then another HPC cluster takes its place. However, some clusters, like ours, are maintained by frequently adding new hardware, which is then integrated into the system. Over the years, the cluster has grown to include 300+ compute nodes with 8000+ cores from 6 vendors, spanning 5 generations of CPUs; 7 network technologies from 6 switch vendors (1Gbps-100Gbps, including Ethernet, Infiniband, and OmniPath); 102 GPUs (3 different GPU models); 28 storage nodes (3+ PB raw storage); and 7 virtualization nodes hosting 65 VMs.Having such a diverse system has significant advantages, although the management is more difficult. This paper outlines our strategy of managing this very heterogeneous and complex system. Topics covered include software optimization, consistency of operating system updates, identity management, resource pri-oritization, network infrastructure, storage, and management of non-compute-intensive resources. Our combination of open source and internally developed software used to manage this cluster are a model to other heterogeneous systems and to smaller clusters which have not expanded because of management worries.
Optimistic & Boundaryless: Sport Management Students’ Conceptualization of Career

AbstractDrawing on generational theory and the concept of a boundaryless career, this research explored how sport management students conceptualize a career within the field of sport. Using focus g...
Influence of Indian Ocean SST regionality on the East African short rains

Three sub-regions of the Indian Ocean in which SSTs significantly influence the equatorial East African short rains on interannual timescales are identified, and the physical processes of this influence are studied using regional climate model simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Five 20-year ensemble integrations are generated to represent a control climate and to simulate the individual and combined effects of SSTAs in the influential regions. SSTAs in the western Indian Ocean exert a stronger influence on the equatorial East African short rains than central and eastern Indian Ocean SSTAs both in terms of the coverage of significantly-changed precipitation and the magnitude of the precipitation response. Positive western Indian Ocean SSTAs significantly increase the short rains over 95% of the equatorial East Africa domain (30°–40°E, 5°S–5°N), while only 30% of the region responds to central and eastern Indian Ocean SSTAs. Evidence of an influential Indian Ocean dipole mode does not emerge from the analysis. The mechanisms of this influence are diagnosed using atmospheric moisture budget and moist static energy analyses, with reference to Kelvin and Rossby wave generation as in the Gill model, but in the presence of complicated topography and nonzero background flows. Wind convergence anomalies in a moist environment primarily support precipitation anomalies in all cases, while changes in atmospheric instability are largely controlled by low-level moisture. Central and eastern Indian Ocean SSTAs change circulations and precipitation locally, but the remote influence on East Africa is weaker than that of the western Indian Ocean SSTAs.