cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Dysfunction and Hemolytic Anemia in a Patient with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection

A patient with evidence of myocardial abnormalities and hemolytic anemia is described, in whom the responsible pathogen appeared to be Mycoplasma pneumoniae (as indicated by a 64-fold rise in complement-fixation titers, and by a change in cold-agglutinin titers from 1:8 to 1:4,096). Both cardiac and hematologic problems occurred during the recovery phase from pneumonia and were associated with marked deterioration in the patient's clinical status. Electrocardiographic and serum enzymatic changes mimicked the patterns seen in acute myocardial infarction.
Hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes/Kinetic-Eddy Simulation of Stall Inception in Axial Compressors

A hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/kinetic-eddy simulation turbulence model is used for the stall predictions in a transonic axial compressor stage. This hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/kinetic-eddy simulation model solves Menter's k-ω-shear-stress-transport model near walls and switches to the kinetic-eddy simulation model away from walls. The kinetic-eddy simulation model solves directly for local turbulent kinetic energy and local turbulent length scales, thus alleviating the grid spacing dependency found in other detached-eddy simulation and hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large-eddy simulation models. The current methodology is used in the prediction of the performance map and the stall inception for the NASA stage 35 compressor configuration as a representative of a modern compressor stage. The present approach is found to satisfactorily predict the onset of stall. It is found that the rotor blade-tip leakage vortex and its interaction with the shock wave is the main reason behind the stall inception in this compressor stage.
The relationship of athlete-reported concussion symptoms and objective measures of neurocognitive function and postural control.

Objective Concussed athlete evaluations often include symptoms, balance, and neurocognitive assessments. We sought to identify the relationship between subjective symptom reports and objective clinical measures. Design A retrospective assessment. Setting A research laboratory. Patients Concussed collegiate-level athletes (N = 32, 19.7 years) evaluated pre- and postinjury (less than 48 hours). Intervention Each athlete completed an inventory of concussion-related symptoms, the NeuroCom Sensory Organization Test (SOT), and ImPACT neurocognitive assessment. Spearman correlations between balance symptoms and SOT scores and cognitive symptoms and ImPACT scores were completed. Main outcome measures Symptoms related to balance and cognitive deficits, SOT composite balance and visual, vestibular, and somatosensory ratios, and ImPACT output scores. Results Significant Spearman correlations were noted between reports of "dizziness" and the SOT composite balance (rs = -0.55) and vestibular ratio (rs = -0.50). Similarly, "balance problems" were significantly correlated with composite balance (rs = -0.52) and the somatosensory (rs = -0.41), visual (rs = -0.39), and vestibular ratios (rs = -0.57). The cognitive symptom of "feeling mentally foggy" and ImPACT variables of reaction time (rs = 0.36) and "difficulty concentrating" and verbal memory score (rs = -0.41) were significantly related. Finally, reports of "difficulty remembering" were significantly related to the verbal memory score (rs = -0.48) and reaction time (rs = 0.36). Conclusions These findings indicate self-report symptoms are associated with athlete deficits in postural control and cognitive function. The moderate relationship between the symptom reports and the objective measures warrants the continued use of all measures. A reduction in the number of symptoms concussed athletes respond to may be justified to reduce redundancy.
Identification of the phosphorylation site of an 8.3 kDa protein from photosystem II of spinach

Abstract The four principal phosphoproteins of PS II cores (8.3, 32, 34 and 44 kDa) give rise to distinct tryptic phosphopeptides which have been purified by affinity chromatography on Fe 3+ -chelating Sepharose and reverse-phase HPLC. The tryptic phosphopeptide derived from the 8.3 kDa protein has the sequence NH 2 -Ala-Thr-Gln-Thr-Val-Glu-Ser-Ser-Ser-Arg. It corresponds to the N-terminus of the chloroplast psbH gene product, except for the loss of the initiating N -formylmethionine. The peptide is phosphorylated on the first threonyl residue. Differences between the phosphorylation sites of the 8.3 kDa protein and LHC II are consistent with the hypothesis that thylakoids contain two distinct redox-controlled protein kinases differing in substrate specificity.
Photoprocessable polymer opals

Monodisperse colloids have been synthesized from the acid labile polymer poly tert-butyl-methacrylate. They can be loaded with photoacid generator and crystallized into polymer opal photonic crystals. Irradiation with UV-light followed by baking and development with aqueous base allows subsequent patterning of the opaline films. This chemical approach makes it possible to use the self-assembly of this colloids (opal formation) to form a large-scale periodic structure and to introduce optical defects with UV-lithography.
Substance P as a Novel Anti-obesity Target

Background & Aims: Substance P (SP) is an 11-amino acid peptide that belongs to the tachykinin family of peptides. SP acts in the brain and in the periphery as a neuropeptide, neurotransmitter, and hormone affecting diverse physiologic pathways, mainly via its high-affinity neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R). Its presence in the hypothalamus and other areas of the brain that regulate feeding as well as in the stomach and small intestine prompted us to investigate its role on appetite control and energy balance. Methods: CJ 012,255 (CJ), a SP antagonist that binds to NK-1R, was injected into lean, diet-induced obese (DIO), and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice, and its effects on body weight, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity were investigated. Results: CJ administration prevented weight gain and accumulation of fat after 2 weeks of high-fat feeding, whereas similar CJ treatment in obese mice (following 3 months of high-fat diet) resulted in weight loss, reduction in adiposity, and improvement of insulin sensitivity, in part because of inhibition of food intake. The effects of SP in the control of energy balance are, at least in part, leptin independent because CJ treatment was also effective in leptin-deficient mice. Peripheral SP administration resulted in a mild, dose-dependent increase in food intake, evident 3 hours post-SP injection. Conclusions: CJ reduces appetite and promotes weight loss in mice. We speculate that NK-1R antagonists, already tested in clinical trials for various diseases, may represent a potential target against obesity.
Phase transitions in charge-density-wave and mass-density-wave systems in two and three dimensions

Abstract Recent theoretical work on phase transitions in layered compounds, intercalation compounds, absorbed rare gas monolayers, and on clean metal surfaces is reviewed. The ordered state in these systems is a charge-density-wave or a mass-density-wave in two or three dimensions. Many of the transitions are physical realizations of theoretical models of great current interest.
Benefit-cost analysis and the environment.

Letters from: [ James F. Kasting and Peter A. Schultz ][1] [ K. J. Arrow, M. L. Cropper, G. C. Eads, R. W. Hahn, L. B. Lave, R. G. Noll, P. R. Portney, M. Russell, R. Schmalensee, V. K. Smith, R. N. Stavins ][1] In their Policy Forum of 12 April ([p. 221][2]), Kenneth J. Arrow et al . argue
Implicit Learning of Second-, Third-, and Fourth-Order Adjacent and Nonadjacent Sequential Dependencies:

Serial reaction time (SRT) task studies have established that people can implicitly learn first- and second-order adjacent dependencies. Sequential confounds have made it impossible to draw conclusions regarding learning of nonadjacent dependencies and learning of third- and fourth-order adjacent dependencies. Addressing the confounds, the present study shows that people can implicitly learn second-, third-, and fourth-order adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies embedded in probabilistic sequences of target locations.
Series-parallel posets and the Tutte polynomial

Abstract We investigate the Tutte polynomial f ( P ; t , z ) of a series-parallel partially ordered set P . We show that f ( P ) can be computed in polynomial-time when P is series-parallel and that series-parallel posets having isomorphic deletions and contractions are themselves isomorphic. A formula for f(P ∗ ) in terms of f ( P ) is obtained and shows these two polynomials factor over Z[ t , z ] the same way. We examine several subclasses of the class of series-parallel posets, proving that f ( P ) ≠ f ( Q ) for non-isomorphic posets P and Q in the largest of these classes. We also give excluded subposet characterizations of the various subclasses.
Extended Experience With Radical Prostatectomy for Clinical Stage T3 Prostate Cancer: Outcome and Contemporary Morbidity

AbstractPurpose: Radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T3 prostate cancer has not been widely accepted due to the potential for incomplete excision of the local tumor and high incidence of lymph node metastases. In addition, contemporary morbidity is unknown. We report the long-term results in 812 patients with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy.Materials and Methods: Between 1966 and 1992, 812 patients with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy of whom 479 (60 percent) received adjuvant therapy.Results: Mean patient age was 65 years (range 40 to 78). Mean followup was 4.5 years (range up to 24). Disease was stage pT2c or less in 17 percent of patients, pT3a to c in 49 percent and node-positive in 33 percent. Of the primary tumors pathological Gleason score was 7 or greater in 62 percent. Crude and cancer-specific survival rates at 5, 10 and 15 years were 86 percent, 70 percent and 51 percent, and 90 percent, 80 percent and 69 percent, respe...
Beam Detection Using Residual Gas Ionization

The nondestructive beam detector systems originated at Argonne National Laboratory allow continuous measurement of the proton beam position and beam profile in the Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS) during the accelerating and targeting cycle. Nondestructive detection is accomplished by collecting the ions produced by the proton beam ionizing residual gas in the vacuum chamber. The amplitude of the electrical currents obtained by collecting these ions onto a variety of electrodes depends on the distribution of the protons in the beam. The characteristics of the electric signals make them suitable as inputs to computer systems. Both analog and digital techniques have been used to determine beam position and profile. These beam detection systems have been used for measuring the properties of the 50 MeV beam between the injector linac and the synchrotron ring; for studying the steering and the radial growth of the size of the beam during acceleration; and for measurements during the targeting sequences.
Underuse of surgical resection among elderly patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer.

Background Although surgery improves the health care quality and outcomes of patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer, these patients' operative resection rate has been historically low. We sought to identify factors that are associated with operative resection in this patient population. Methods In this retrospective population-based study, we used Texas Cancer Registry–linked and Surveillance and Epidemiology End Results Program–linked Medicare data to study factors potentially associated with operative resection in patients age ≥66 years who had been diagnosed with localized pancreatic cancer between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2009. Variables were assessed using multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models. We used Kaplan–Meier analysis to assess the effect of operative resection on survival rate. Results Of 1,501 patients with localized pancreatic cancer, only 340 (22.7%) underwent operation. Patients were more likely to undergo surgery if they were young, had small tumors, had low-grade tumors, and had nodal negativity (P Conclusion The rate of operative resection of early-stage pancreatic cancer did not increase significantly from 2001 to 2009. Although we identified several variables associated with operative resection, why the percentage of patients with localized pancreatic cancer who undergo definitive surgery is so low remains unclear.
Sooting Tendency of Fuels Containing Polycyclic Aromatics in a Research Combustor

Several jet fuel blends containing alkyl benzenes, methyl naphthalenes, tetralin, and indene were prepared with hydrogen contents ranging from 11.5 to 14.2%. The effects of burner inlet conditions on the sooting tendency of the test fuels were measured in a Phillips 5.08-cm (2-in.) diameter cylindrical combustor at inlet pressures and temperatures up to 1620 kPa (16 atm) and 1100 K, respectively. Both flame radiation and opacity measurements were used to determine the soot formed in the primary zone of the burner. Combustion efficiency and fuel/air ratio were determined from gaseous emissions. The sensitivity of the sooting tendency to the H/C ratio was determined from the correlation of flame radiation intensity with the H/C ratio. This sensitivity varied significantly with operating parameters such as burner inlet temperature and reference velocity. The effects of polycyclic aromatics were determined by comparing the sensitivity to the H/C ratio of fuels blended by adding methyl naphthalenes and tetralin with that of fuels blended by adding alkyl benzenes. The increased sooting tendency of those fuels containing polycyclic aromatics was most affected by the fuel/air ratio and reference velocity. Nomenclature F/A = fuel/air weight ratio H/C = hydrogen/carbon atom ratio R = flame radiation intensity, kW/m2 S = normalized sensitivity of sooting tendency to the H/C ratio 57V = smoke number T = burner inlet temperature, K V = reference velocity, m/s p = gas density, kg/m3
Particle filtering for localization in robotic assemblies with position uncertainty

This paper deals with the class of robotic assemblies where position uncertainty far exceeds assembly clearance, and visual assistance is not available to resolve the uncertainty. Under this scenario, we can implement a localization strategy that resolves the uncertainty using a pre-acquired map of all possible peg-hole contact configurations. Prior to assembly, the strategy explores the contact configuration space (C-space) by sequentially bringing the peg (under different configurations) into contact with the stationary (fixtured) hole and matching the contact configurations thus recorded with the map. The different peg configurations can be actively chosen to maximize uncertainty-reduction. However, with a sampled map of the contact C-space, discretization errors are introduced, and implementing deterministic matching (at the fine-grained level necessary for assembly) would soon become prohibitively expensive in terms of computation. Additionally, with global initial uncertainty, multiple solutions abound in our localization problem. In this paper, we introduce a particle filter implementation which can not only handle the discretization errors in map-matching, but also track multiple solutions simultaneously. The particle filter implementation was validated on computer simulations of round and square peg-in-hole assemblies, before testing it on corresponding actual robotic assemblies. The implementation was highly successful on both the assemblies, reducing the uncertainty by more than 95 % and making it easy for a previously-devised compliant strategy to achieve assembly. Results from the simulations and actual assemblies are reported. We also present a comparison of these results (using random localization: peg moves selected randomly) with preliminary results from assemblies using active localization.
Transformational practices in cohousing: Enhancing residents' connection to community and nature

Connection to others predicts pro-social behavior and personal well-being. Connection to nature predicts pro-environmental behavior and personal well-being. Cohousing is a residential development intended to enhance residents' connection to others and nature, but systematic study of the transformational practices adopted to promote connection has been lacking. Data from a national survey of cohousers in the US (N = 559) were used to create a typology of cohousing practices; measures of connection to community and nature were regressed on self-reported frequency of participation in the resultant categories of practices. Stewardship of the natural environment and fellowship and culture practices predicted greater connection to nature. Cohousing core, sharing and support, and fellowship and culture practices predicted greater connection to community. The concepts of connection to nature, connection to community, and transformational practices warrant further development in terms of theory and measurement.
Moving up in the U.S. News and World Report Rankings.

Within college rankings, there are distinct bands in which institutions fluctuate but above which, with rare exceptions, they are unable to rise. Aspiring universities that are not already located ...
Intra-operative MR guidance during trans-sphenoidal pituitary resection: preliminary results.

The use of intra-operative MR image guidance has the potential to improve the precision, extent, and safety of trans-sphenoidal pituitary resections. The trans-sphenoidal approach to pituitary surgery has been performed for some time (1--3). Until now these surgeries have relied on direct visualization without the aid of image guidance. An open-bore configuration 0.5T SIGNA SP MR system (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) has been used to provide image guidance for seventeen trans-sphenoidal pituitary adenoma resections (4). The intra-operative MRI system allowed the radiologist to successfully direct the surgeon toward the sella turcica while avoiding the cavernous sinus, optic chiasm and other critical structures. Imaging performed during the surgery monitored the extent of resection and allowed for removal of tumor beyond the surgeon's view in seven cases. Dynamic MR imaging was used to distinguish residual tumor from normal gland and postoperative changes, permitting more precise tumor localization. A heme-sensitive long TE gradient echo sequence was used to find the presence of hemorrhagic debris. All patients tolerated the procedure well without significant complications. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:136-141.
The Manipulation of Economic Unrest

I Take it that what lies in the back of the minds of most of us when a subject like this comes up is the problem of the relation between economic unrest and political and social change, and more especially, the kind of change we call a revolution. We all know those for whom the solution of this problem is very simple: they say “look for the economic motive” as innocently as if they said “cherchez la femme.” Even at a more mature level of thinking the problem is still often put in such a way that something economic always lies at the bottom, or pulls the trigger, or provides the main impulse, or—and this is the precious word—“determines” everything.
Discovery and validation of graft-versus-host disease biomarkers

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the most effective tumor immunotherapy available. Although allo-HSCT provides beneficial graft-versus-tumor effects, acute GVHD (aGVHD) is the primary source of morbidity and mortality after HSCT. Diagnosis of aGVHD is typically based on clinical symptoms in one or more of the main target organs (skin, liver, gastrointestinal tract) and confirmed by biopsy. However, currently available diagnostic and staging tools often fail to identify patients at higher risk of GVHD progression, unresponsiveness to therapy, or death. In addition, there are shortcomings in the prediction of GVHD before clinical signs develop, indicating the urgent need for noninvasive and reliable laboratory tests. Through the continuing evolution of proteomics technologies seen in recent years, plasma biomarkers have been identified and validated as promising diagnostic tools for GVHD and prognostic tools for nonrelapse mortality. These biomarkers may facilitate timely and selective therapeutic intervention but should be more widely validated and incorporated into a new grading system for risk stratification of patients and better-customized treatment. This review identifies biomarkers for detecting GVHD, summarizes current information on aGVHD biomarkers, proposes future prospects for the blinded evaluation of these biomarkers, and discusses the need for biomarkers of chronic GVHD.
Antiproton annihilation spectra

Recent data on antiproton (antineutron) spectra from hydrogen, deuterium and nuclear targets are discussed. Special emphasis is given to rare or unusual channels and phenomena.
New Generation of Wide-Base Tires: Impact on Trucking Operations, Environment, and Pavements

Since the new generation of wide-base tires was introduced in 2000, researchers from a variety of disciplines have evaluated the impact of the new tires on trucking operations, road infrastructure, and the environment. This paper outlines the status of wide-base tire technology with respect to established benefits, concerns to be addressed, and the potential use of this product in trucking operations. The objective of this paper is to serve as a benchmark for researchers and truck fleet managers with respect to the use of this new technology during the gradual transition from dual tires to the new generation of wide-base tires. For trucking operations, the new generation of wide-base tires provides substantial benefits in fuel efficiency, hauling capacity, tire cost and repair, ride, comfort, and vehicle stability. The new generation of wide-base tires is also comparable to conventional dual-tire assemblies in truck operation and safety. Since the new generation of wide-base tires has only been on the mar...
Identifying Text Polarity Using Random Walks

Automatically identifying the polarity of words is a very important task in Natural Language Processing. It has applications in text classification, text filtering, analysis of product review, analysis of responses to surveys, and mining online discussions. We propose a method for identifying the polarity of words. We apply a Markov random walk model to a large word related-ness graph, producing a polarity estimate for any given word. A key advantage of the model is its ability to accurately and quickly assign a polarity sign and magnitude to any word. The method could be used both in a semi-supervised setting where a training set of labeled words is used, and in an unsupervised setting where a handful of seeds is used to define the two polarity classes. The method is experimentally tested using a manually labeled set of positive and negative words. It outperforms the state of the art methods in the semi-supervised setting. The results in the unsupervised setting is comparable to the best reported values. However, the proposed method is faster and does not need a large corpus.
Redistribution of Electoral Votes: Following the Constitution, Nebraska, and Maine to More Equal Representation in Presidential Elections

Electoral College Reform is a renewed topic of conversation in the wake of each presidential election. This paper explores the elections of 1800, 1824, 1876, 1888, and 2000 and the failures of the Electoral College to elect the popular vote's president, as well as looking at the 2012 election and how the College nearly failed again. With these elections in mind, I propose the nation-wide adoption of the Congressional District Plan method of distributing electoral votes. This plan maintains the constitutional structure of the Electoral College while concentrating the vote distribution to the congressional districts of a state rather than on a state-wide basis, and provides a more accurate representation of the will of the people of the United States. Included in this paper are the outcomes the elections of 1968-2012 under the Congressional District Plan, which indicates a potential tie in the 2012 election.
Phase Imaging Flow Cytometry with a Partitioned Aperture Wavefront Sensor

We report on the development of a novel technique that allows quantitative phase imaging of fast moving cells in a flow cytometer. Our method uses single-shot imaging based on a partitioned aperture wavefront sensor to produce phase images in high speed flows. Experimental results are provided.
The order of nilpotence of Hecke operators mod 2: a new proof

Let \(\mathbb {F}_{2}[\!\Delta ]\) be the ring of modular forms of level 1, mod 2, where the coefficients of Δ are the reduction mod 2 of Ramanujan’s τ function. The Hecke operators act nilpotently on \(\mathbb {F}_{2}[\!\Delta ]\). The order of nilpotence of Δk is the smallest integer n(k) such that \(T_{p}^{n(k)}\Delta ^{k} = 0\) for all p. Nicolas and Serre have recently shown that the growth of n(k) is bounded by k1/2 but omitted the proof of a key result. We give a new, elementary proof which highlights that the Hecke action is essentially 2-adically continuous in k.
Investigating the association between sociodemographic factors and lung cancer risk using cyber informatics

Openly available online sources can be very valuable for executing in silico case-control epidemiological studies. Adjustment of confounding factors to isolate the association between an observing factor and disease is essential for such studies. However, such information is not always readily available online. This paper suggests natural language processing methods for extracting socio-demographic information from content openly available online. Feasibility of the suggested method is demonstrated by performing a case-control study focusing on the association between age, gender, and income level and lung cancer risk. The study shows stronger association between older age and lower socioeconomic status and higher lung cancer risk, which is consistent with the findings reported in traditional cancer epidemiology studies.
Survey on Occupational Hazards in 37 Small and Micro Enterprises in Yinzhou District of Ningbo

[Objective]To investigate and analyze the occupational hazards in some small and micro enterprises in Yinzhou District,and to provide basis for occupational health service policy makings and all-round prevention control of occupational hazards.[Methods]According to the national work plan of general survey on occupational hazards,2% small and micro enterprises in the Yinzhou District were randomly selected as study subjects to investigate the basic information,production technology,protective measures against occupational disease,and occupational hazards of the enterprises,as well as workers' exposure and occupational health surveillance.[Results]The top three occupational hazards in the selected small and micro enterprises were noise,dust,and high temperature,accounting for 59.5%,54.1%,and 18.9% of the total enterprises respectively.The qualified rates for industrial dust,physical factors,and chemical factors were 83.30%,72.02%,and 76.90%,respectively.[Conclusion]The small and micro enterprises have undervalued occupational hazards prevention.It is suggested to strengthen supervision of occupational hazards in small and micro-scale enterprises by improving engineering protection and personal protection measures.
Lupus Anticoagulant-Hypoprothrombinemia Syndrome (LAHPS)

Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHPS) is an uncommon disorder, characterized by a positive lupus anticoagulant and an acquired prothrombin deficiency, leading to both a bleeding diathesis and a risk for thrombosis. It is most commonly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but may also be seen with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APAS), viral infections, or with medications. Rare hemorrhagic manifestations of varying severity do occur in previously healthy children in association with specific coagulation inhibitors, including those directed against factors II, V, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XIII, with and without lupus anticoagulant positivity. The management of children with LAHPS presents a unique challenge as these individuals are at risk for both bleeding and thrombotic sequelae.
PAEDIATRIC STANDARDISED CONCENTRATION INFUSIONS – A NATIONAL SOLUTION

Aim Wide scale implementation of paediatric standardised concentration infusions (SCIs) and the use of smart pump technology has been slow despite international safety agency recommendations. Implementation rates in European hospitals fall far below those in the United States, where for the last decade accreditation has been linked to implementation.12 Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential, with pharmacy input and the creation of a smart pump drug library recognised as often being limiting, yet crucial factors, to implementation.3 Following on from the successful development and implementation of a paediatric drug library of standardised concentrations in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), operating theatres and cardiac ward of a large tertiary children9s hospital, a project was set up to further develop this library for use across multiple sites including paediatric acute transport services. Method Post-implementation of the original SCI drug library in the single site paediatric hospital in 2012, a database was created to record proposals for amendments and expansion of that library. A cross-site multidisciplinary collaborative working group was established with representation from PICU pharmacists, intensivists, nursing and clinical engineering to progress multisite adoption of a standardised drug library. Differences in practices across sites were identified and resolved by consensus where possible. Unresolved differences were overcome by omission or ‘hiding’ of particular drug lines at individual sites until consensus could be reached for future updates. Legally binding agreements were drawn up between sites, in conjunction with the infusion pump vendors, to prevent any future deviations from the master library. Results Cross-site collaboration over a number of months facilitated the successful amendment and extension of the original drug library to create a new master drug file. Individual site versions of this library, and the supporting documentation were created and disseminated. A change control management plan was developed and agreed upon. Conclusion Cross-site collaboration is achievable in supporting the increased implementation of standardised concentration infusions. The standardisation of practices across sites maximises both human and financial resources, and has the potential to reduce medications errors as both patients and medical staff transfer across sites.
Kant on Citizenship, Society, and Redistributive Justice

Scholars have long been divided on the redistributive implications of Kant’s theory of justice. On the one hand, there is a prominent “libertarian” reading (including that of von Humboldt, Hayek and Nozick, among others), according to which the function of the state is mainly to defend and maintain private market outcomes. On the other hand, Kant’s work has also inspired, almost from its inception, a more “socially democratic” reading (such as that of Fichte and Hermann Cohen). I will argue that both readings ignore Kant’s actual justification of the state’s duty to tax the wealthy to relieve the poor: namely the “end,” on the part of the “general will of the people,” to “unite into a society that is to maintain itself perpetually” [6: 326]. In what follows, I will attempt to spell out the meaning of this phrase, with a view to providing an alternative (limited) defense of contemporary liberal-democratic welfare policies. I will also consider the larger question of what, according to Kant, it means to be a full-fledged member of the political community: that is, an “active citizen” as distinguished from a mere, if still vitally necessary, “participant,” and what, if anything, governments should do to facilitate such membership.
Angular Navigation on Short Baselines Using Phase Delay Interferometry

Phase delay interferometry on baselines of tens or hundreds of kilometers can provide angular navigation capabilities competitive with group delay interferometry on intercontinental baselines, due to the mach higher precision of the phase delay datatype. Results are presented for two recent short baseline experiments, with baseline lengths of 6 and 253 km, showing delay residuals of 10 psec or less for angularly close sources.
Perioperative Care of the Orthopedic Patient with Renal Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathological process encompassing a broad spectrum of conditions that adversely affect renal function resulting in end-stage renal disease. With a current prevalence of 13 % of the US adult population, the incidence of CKD is expected to rise in the future. Thus the frequency of this problem, coupled with the centrality of the kidney to normal homeostasis, makes the management of impaired renal function a common and challenging problem in the perioperative setting. This chapter reviews the range of common renal problems that arise in this context.
Racial Disparities in Concussion Knowledge and Symptom Recognition in American Adolescent Athletes.

The purpose of this study was to identify if knowledge of concussion differences exists between communities that service underserved, African-American athletes compared to white athletes, and to explore differences in concussion knowledge between African-American and white athletes with and without access to an athletic trainer. Five hundred seventy-seven adolescent athletes ranging in age from 13 to 18 from 14 schools in the USA completed a one-time pencil and paper survey instrument. Data were collected from September 2014 to April 2015. All athletes included in the study received concussion education implemented (i.e., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Heads UP documents) by state concussion law. Knowledge of concussion scores were determined by summing the total correct responses to the 35 questions. Race (white or African-American) and access to an athletic trainer were the independent variables explored. White high school athletes have increased concussion knowledge compared to African-American athletes (p < 0.001). African-American athletes less frequently recognized all correct signs and symptoms of concussion compared to white athletes. African-American athletes with access to an athletic trainer have more knowledge than African-American athletes without access to an athletic trainer (p = 0.003). White athletes had more concussion knowledge than African-American athletes; however, African-Americans that had access to an athletic trainer at their respective school were more likely to identify the signs and symptoms of concussion compared to African-Americans that did not have access to an athletic trainer. This further accentuates the health disparity that occurs in high school athletics, in regard to the presence of an athletic trainer and their influence on an athlete’s health and safety.
Thrombin impairs human endometrial endothelial angiogenesis; implications for progestin-only contraceptive-induced abnormal uterine bleeding.

Abstract Objective Progestin-only contraceptives induce abnormal uterine bleeding, accompanied by prothrombin leakage from dilated endometrial microvessels and increased thrombin generation by human endometrial stromal cell (HESC)-expressed tissue factor. Initial studies of the thrombin-treated HESC secretome identified elevated levels of cleaved chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), impairing pericyte–endothelial interactions. Thus, we investigated direct and CSPG4-mediated effects of thrombin in eliciting abnormal uterine bleeding by disrupting endometrial angiogenesis. Study design Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluated conditioned medium supernatant and cell lysates from control versus thrombin-treated HESCs. Pre- and post-Depo medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)-administered endometria were immunostained for CSPG4. Proliferation, apoptosis and tube formation were assessed in human endometrial endothelial cells (HEECs) incubated with recombinant human (rh)-CSPG4 or thrombin or both. Results Thrombin induced CSPG4 protein expression in cultured HESCs as detected by mass spectrometry and ELISA (p 02, n =3). Compared to pre-DMPA endometria ( n =5), stromal cells in post-DMPA endometria ( n =5) displayed stronger CSPG4 immunostaining. In HEEC cultures ( n =3), total tube-formed mesh area was significantly higher in rh-CSPG4 versus control (p 05). However, thrombin disrupted HEEC tube formation by a concentration- and time-dependent reduction of angiogenic parameters (p 05), whereas CSPG4 co-treatment did not reverse these thrombin-mediated effects. Conclusion These results suggest that disruption of HEEC tube formation by thrombin induces aberrant angiogenesis and abnormal uterine bleeding in DMPA users. Implications Mass spectrometry analysis identified several HESC-secreted proteins regulated by thrombin. Therapeutic agents blocking angiogenic effects of thrombin in HESCs can prevent or minimize progestin-only contraceptive-induced abnormal uterine bleeding.
Where to position osteotomies in genioglossal advancement surgery based on locations of the mental foramen, canine, lateral incisor, central incisor, and genial tubercle

The study aimed to provide precise measurements of anterior mandibular structural anatomy and to explore potential osteotomies for genioglossal advancement. Cone beam computed tomography was used to analyze 33 randomly selected patients undergoing surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) between 2014 and 2016 at an academic surgical hospital. The locations of relevant mandibular structures were measured and statistical modeling was performed. Mean horizontal distances from midline to the mental foramina and the roots of the canine, lateral incisor, and central incisor were 22.11 ± 1.92, 13.56 ± 3.01, 6.19 ± 1.58, and 2.04 ± 0.87 mm, respectively. Mean vertical distances from the inferior border of the mandible were 15.15 ± 1.77, 17.11 ± 3.28, 20.48 ± 3.10, and 21.81 ± 3.49 mm, respectively. The superior border of the genial tubercle was 15.63 ± 2.75 mm, and the inferior border was 6.87 ± 3.29, from the inferior border of the mandible. The angle of decline of the best-fit line through the important structures was about 18° from the occlusion plane at the midline. A straight line estimating the mental foramen, canine, lateral incisor, and central incisor tooth roots crosses at a mean of 22.3–22.6 mm above the inferior border of the mandible at the midline and has an angle of decline of about 18°. Potential osteotomies made parallel to and below this line result in tradeoffs between maximizing capture of the genioglossus muscle attachment and risk of dental/neurovascular injury.
Metastable Ultracondensed Solid Hydrogenous Materials

The primary purpose of this paper is to stimulate theoretical predictions of how to retain metastably hydrogenous materials made at high pressure P on release to ambient. Ultracondensed metallic hydrogen has been made at 140 GPa at finite temperatures T in the fluid. The term metallic here means quantum mechanically degenerate. A single sample of ultracondensed hydrogen has been made at an estimated pressure of 495 GPa at 5.5 K. Whether that sample is solid or fluid remains to be determined. Those results imply the long quest for metallic hydrogen is likely to be concluded in the relatively near future. Because the quest for metallic hydrogen has been a major driver of high pressure research for decades, a logical question is whether another research direction, comparable in scale to that quest, will arise in high pressure research in the future. One possibility is retention of metastable solid metallic hydrogen and other hydrogenous materials on release of P and T to ambient. If hydrogenous materials could be retained metastably in the solid on release, those materials would be a new class of materials for scientific investigations and technological applications. This paper is a brief review of the synthesis of metallic hydrogen, potential technological applications of metastable solid metallic H and other hydrogenous materials at ambient, and published experimental and theoretical results as general background for what has been accomplished with metastable phases in the past, which suggests what might be accomplished in the future.
Scaling, invariants and fixed points

This brief chapter’s goal is to show that, next to obvious and deep differences and without actual intent or interaction, fruitful and sur prising parallels exist between my scientific work from 1956 to 1972 (as exemplified in M1997E and this book) and modern statistical physics.
Decision Making for Management of Periimplant Diseases.

Introduction Nonsurgical and surgical management of periimplant mucositis and periimplantitis have shown promising results in arresting periimplant marginal bone loss (MBL) and preventing implant loss. However, management of periimplant diseases still remains unpredictable for full reconstruction of lost tissues and completely arrests disease progression. The present study proposes a decision tree that compiles both clinical and radiographic presentation of failing implants to aid in the decision making for their management. Materials and methods An extensive literature review was performed using 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central) on the most recent treatment modalities for the management of periimplant diseases. Discussion Evidence-based treatment suggestions were primarily derived from periimplant defect morphology, presence, and severity of periimplant MBL. More evidence is required supporting soft-tissue augmentation for the treatment of periimplant diseases. Conclusion Management of periimplant diseases can include lasers, mechanical instrumentation, chemical detoxification, and antimicrobial agents for nonsurgical approaches. On the other hand, removal of failing implants, resective surgery, guided bone regeneration, and soft-tissue grafting are presented as valid options for the surgical treatment of periimplantitis.
Toward National Policy for Health Education

Policy has been to health education as oil is to troubled waters: a slick, shining, and shifting layer over depths of unknown quality and quantity. Health education has been pumped or sprayed from a variety of sources into every problem of society related to health, usually with mixed, inconsistent, and submerged policies at first. As the initial flush or mist of health education activity begins to settle, the beads of policy emerge and congeal as a gloss, giving activities and programs the appearance of having a smooth, integrated consistency. Beneath that thin gloss of policy, typically, is a turbulent center of disintegrative or disconnected activity, like a whirlpool, and all around the edges are stagnant pockets where the only movement is Brownian.
Liver and Biliary Tract

You are asked to see a 32-year-old intensive care unit patient in the medical service who is febrile and lethargic with a history, according to her husband—a selfproclaimed recluse—of shaking chills and who needs evaluation and possible management. With the exception of hospitalization for childbirth (youngest child is 1 year old), the patient has no known medical problems. On physical examination, the patient is jaundice and has right upper quadrant tenderness. There is no rebound tenderness. The patient was recently started on pressors to achieve hemodynamic stability. Pertinent positive laboratory results include an alkaline phosphatase level of 600, a total bilirubin level of 6 (direct −4.5), and a white blood cell count of 15,000. The patient has been receiving full-spectrum antibiotics for 36 hours. Which of the following recommendations should your acute care surgical consultation render?
Part-Time Pediatric Radiology: The Realities and Perceptions of Part-Time Employment in the Academic Setting.

OBJECTIVE. The goal of this study is to evaluate the perceptions held by full- and part-time academic pediatric radiologists with regard to the value of part-time radiologists, as well as the value...
Early childhood education for all: a mixed-methods study of the global policy agenda in Tanzania

This study considers the extent to which access to basic education and student learning outcomes have become more equalized or more disparate in Tanzania following the implementation of the interna...
Search and You Shall Find? The Effects of Online Commercial Interests on People's Ability to Find Content on the Web

Each day, millions of people across the world turn to the Web to find information about countless topics. Given the vast amount of material available online, users rely on intermediaries to channel them toward content. Here, I explore whether intermediaries influence what types of material people are more likely to see. I present examples of how people navigate online content and what strategies they pursue for locating various types of material. I find that particular types of site organization do influence people’s ability to locate content online.
Efficient Data Compression for IoT Devices using Huffman Coding Based Techniques

In the era of Big Data and Internet of Things, devices ubiquitously sense and gather data at a rapid pace. Various methods have been proposed to speed up the analysis of the data and also mining it for information. However, considering the resource constraints in majority of Internet of Things, this is challenging. The analysis of data can be handled using a massive array of compute nodes; but the data from the devices need to be transferred to the servers to start the process. This involves transmitting the data over the network. Of course, with the huge quantity of data, this requires significant energy and resources to do so. Therefore, in order to address such issues with data analytics using Internet of Things, using data compression techniques is a viable option. Since graphs represent most real world data, including data gathered by Internet of Things, methods to compress graphs have been in the forefront of such endeavors. In this paper we propose techniques to compress graphs by finding specific patterns and replacing those with identifiers that are of variable length, an idea inspired by Huffman Coding. Specifically, given a graph G = (V, E), where V is the set of vertices and E is the set of edges, and |V| = n, we propose methods to reduce the space requirements of the graph by compressing the adjacency matrix representation of the same. The proposed methods show up to 80% reduction is the space required to store the graphs as compared to using the adjacency matrix. The methods can also be applied to other representations as well. The proposed techniques help solve the issues related to transfer of data over the network in case of resource limited Internet of Things, and addresses the challenges of data analytics in this domain.