cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Individual and Combined Effects of LD and ADHD on Computerized Neurocognitive Concussion Test Performance: Evidence for Separate Norms

Decreased neurocognitive performance in individuals with self-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disability (LD) is well documented in the neuropsychological research literature. Previous studies employing paper-and-pencil neurocognitive assessments report lower performance in individuals with ADHD and LD. The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of a self-reported diagnosis of LD, ADHD, and combined LD/ADHD on baseline computerized neurocognitive testing (CNT) used for the concussion assessment. Results revealed athletes with a self-reported diagnosis of LD, ADHD, and/or combined LD/ADHD demonstrated lower performance on baseline CNT and reported larger numbers of symptoms than did control athletes without these diagnoses. These findings provide evidence for the development of separate normative data for athletes with LD, ADHD, and LD/ADHD diagnoses on CNT batteries commonly used for concussion management.
Applications of Automatic/Control Processing Theory to Complex Tasks: An Encouraging Look:

This paper briefly outlines experiments that point to where and how automatic/control processing theory can be applied to complex training simulations of “real world” tasks. In all of these complex tasks, subjects could not simply focus in on a single stimulus and successfully perform the task. Rather, subjects were required to process combinations of stimuli for successful task completion. The pattern of data from these complex tasks is consistent with previous data collected using simple, stimulus-specific tasks. This similarity between results of previous research examining automatic/control processing and the present data points to the validity of suggesting the need for consistent mapping training of patterns of information in complex tasks. Preliminary applications of automatic/ control processing theory to instructional design and to cartography are discussed.
Investigation of Impact of Optical Comb Stability on Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation via Line-by-Line Pulse Shaping

A phase-modulated CW laser is used to emulate and investigate time-domain waveform noise observed in line-by-line pulse shaping of a mode-locked laser with optical frequency fluctuations.
Modeling ice sheets from the bottom up

Abstract Three facts should guide ice-sheet modeling. (1) Ice height above the bed is controlled by the strength of ice-bed coupling, reducing ice thickness by some 90 percent when coupling vanishes. (2) Ice-bed coupling vanishes along ice streams that end as floating ice shelves and drain up to 90 percent of an ice sheet. (3) Because of (1) and (2), ice sheets can rapidly collapse and disintegrate, thereby removing ice sheets from Earth's climate system and forcing abrupt climate change. The first model of ice-sheet dynamics was developed in Australia and applied to the present Antarctic Ice Sheet in 1970. It treated slow sheet flow, which prevails over some 90 percent of the ice sheet, but is the least dynamic component. The model made top-down calculations of ice velocities and temperatures, based on known surface conditions and an assumed basal geothermal heat flux. In 1972, Joseph Fletcher proposed a six-step research strategy for studying dynamic systems. The first step was identifying the most dynamic components, which for Antarctica are fast ice streams that discharge up to 90 percent of the ice. Ice-sheet models developed at the University of Maine in the 1970s were based on the Fletcher strategy and focused on ice streams, including calving dynamics when ice streams end in water. These models calculated the elevation of ice sheets based in the strength of ice-bed coupling. This was a bottom-up approach that lowered ice elevations some 90 percent when ice-bed coupling vanished. Top-down modeling is able to simulate changes in the size and shape of ice sheets through a whole glaciation cycle, provided the mass balance is treated correctly. Bottom-up modeling is able to produce accurate changes in ice elevations based on changes in ice-bed coupling, provided the force balance is treated correctly. Truly holistic ice-sheet models should synthesize top-down and bottom-up approaches by combining the mass balance with the force balance in ways that merge abrupt changes in stream flow with slow changes in sheet flow. Then discharging 90 percent of the ice by ice streams mobilizes 90 percent of the area so ice sheets can self-destruct, and thereby terminate a glaciation cycle.
Understanding and minimizing identity exposure in ubiquitous computing environments

Various miniaturized computing devices that store our identities are emerging rapidly. They allow our identity information to be easily exposed and accessed via wireless networks. When identity information is associated with our personal and context information that is gathered by ubiquitous computing devices, personal privacy might be unprecedentedly sacrificed. People, however, have different privacy protection skills, awareness, and privacy preferences. Individuals can be uniquely identified on the basis of only a few identity elements used in combination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to understand the following issues and their relations: a) what identity elements people think are important; b) what actions people claim to take to protect their identities and privacy; c) privacy concerns; d) how people expose their identities in ubiquitous computing environments; and e) how our rational identity exposure model can help to minimize identity exposure. We build a simulated ubiquitous computing shopping system, called InfoSource. It consists of two applications and our rational identity exposure model. We present our experiments and statistical analysis results. Our data show that exposure decisions depend on participants' attitudes about maintaining privacy, but they do not depend on participants' concerns and claimed actions related to identity exposure. Our RationalExposure model helped participants to minimize unnecessary exposures.
Fraud Created the Market.

Class actions are vital to protecting investors. Without class certification, individual damages may be de minimis, and investors would be unlikely to bring a securities fraud suit. This underenforcement allows those who defraud investors to skate liability and impugn the integrity of the marketplace. Presumptions of reliance facilitate classwide resolution of securities fraud claims. Under Rule 10b-5 for securities fraud the Supreme Court has presumed reliance to facilitate class actions where there is an omission in the face of a duty to disclose or where there is a fraud on the secondary market. The new frontier is whether federal courts should likewise presume reliance where fraud occurs on the primary market, giving rise to the fraud-created-the-market theory. Although some federal courts embraced the theory decades ago, a sharp conflict has arisen in the wake of the Court’s decision in Stoneridge Investment Partners v. Scientific-Atlanta, and the Third and Ninth Circuits have set the pace for rejecting the theory. In this Article, however, we show that the fraud-created-the-market theory is consistent with the fundamental bases for all presumptions in the law, comports with the Supreme Court’s interpretations of the federal securities laws as properly understood, and serves the investor-protection and market-integrity design of securities regulation. We undertake a comprehensive definition and defense of the fraud-created-the-market theory and show why critics’ concerns regarding the presumption are unfounded. Properly understood, the fraud-created-the-market theory is about materiality and scienter - defendants should be held liable under the securities laws for committing fraud that is so material, without it, the securities never would have made it to market. In this regard, we show that a presumption of reliance for newly issued securities and the primary market is consistent with the Supreme Court’s collapsing the elements of securities fraud into a single inquiry whether the omission or misrepresentation was material. We build upon Professor Donald C. Langevoort’s fresh interpretation of the fraud-on-the-market presumption and his interpretation of Stoneridge, to show that the fraud-created-the-market presumption is grounded in the Court’s jurisprudence. We also find support for a judicially crafted presumption in the context of new issues in the securities laws themselves and in the common-law bases for presumptions. There is a pressing need for an answer to whether federal courts should adopt the fraud-created-the-market theory. The fraud-created-the-market theory will play an increasingly important role in actions against those involved in fraud relating to the issuance of subprime mortgage-backed securities.
A Glimpse at Maxwell’s Equations

In the preceding chapters, we used the scattering of electromagnetic waves by an infinite cylinder as our model, thereby reducing the three-dimensional Maxwell system to a two-dimensional scalar equation. In this last chapter, we want to briefly indicate the modifications needed to treat three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems. In view of the introductory nature of our book, our presentation will be brief, and for details we will refer the reader to Chap. 14 of [129] and the monograph [26].
To List or Not To List: Expectations versus Reality for Greek Shipping IPOs

Sharing ownership with outside investors through an IPO has advantages and disadvantages that create dilemmas for company founders. It can further be a source of disappointment when expectations fall short of reality. That's not the case for the Greek ship owners who floated the shares of their companies to major US Exchanges in the early 2000s, however. The listing has met and even exceeded their expectations: Broadened their capital structure, improved image and prestige, strengthened bargaining power with creditors, and enhanced entrepreneurial opportunities
High incidence of perinatal insult in children with idiopathic hypopituitarism.

The perinatal histories of 46 children with idiopathic hypopituitarism were assessed in order to define the relationship between perinatal insult and the development of hypopituitarism. Compared to normal control siblings, the pregnancies resulting in hypopituitary children were complicated by a significantly higher incidence of vaginal bleeding at various times during gestation (13 pregnancies). Twenty-four percent of the hypopituitary children were delivered by breech, three times the incidence of control siblings and seven times the incidence of breech delivery in the general population. Prolonged or unusually short labors were more common in the hypopituitary children (13 patients), as were signs of intrapartum distress and asphyxia (10 patients). At the time of the study, 19 hypopituitary children had neurologic abnormalities; of these, 15 had histories of significant perinatal insult. The findings in this study suggest that, in many cases, perinatal insults may cause hypopituitarism.
An Evaluation of χT Estimation Techniques: Implications for Batchelor Fitting and ε

Abstract Techniques for the accurate estimation of the dissipation rate of temperature variance χT from temperature microstructure measurements are synthesized and evaluated. The techniques focus on the treatment of contamination in the integration of the vertical temperature gradient spectrum. The essential improvements come from estimating χT from the wavenumber domain in which the signal exceeds the noise and from reconstructing unresolved wavenumber contributions using the best-fit Batchelor spectrum. The improvement in the estimates of χT results in better Batchelor fits and more robust estimates of the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy e. High correlations of independent measurements of χT and e from two collocated FP07 thermistors demonstrate the value of the techniques and highlight the improvements at the low end of the resolvable ranges of χT and e.
Saint‐Exupéry's Geography Lesson: Art and Science in the Creation and Cultivation of Landscape Values

Abstract Saint-Exupery's geography lesson is critical of official, generalized geographies that are irrelevant to lifeworlds, humane values, and spirituality. Geography is seen in the context of the dehumanization of landscapes and lives by Cartesian-inspired science. In answer, the essay argues for art, as developed in arts-and-letters humanism of the Renaissance, as an equal but separate path to “truth'’in humanistic geography. It further argues that the sources for human values that humanistic geographers should endeavor to transform into landscape values are found in the subjective, imaginative creations of modern literary-artistic humanists. The critical focus for such studies is the condition of the individual human being in the contemporary landscape. Humanization of cultural landscapes, in the sense of a humane, “enlightened anthropocentrism'’is seen as equal in importance to ecological perspectives. Three major research themes are outlined.
An experimental study of imperfectly conducting dipoles

Input admittances of dipole antennas with moderately high internal impedance were measured in the UHF range with the antenna lengths varying from one-tenth wavelength to such a value that the antenna behaved as if infinitely long. The measured results are compared with the three-term theory of King and Wu[1] and with the theoretical values obtained by Shen and Wu[3] for an infinitely long antenna.
Low Doses of Atropine Enhance Serum Gastrin Response to Food in Dogs

Abstract Low doses of atropine sulfate, 12.5 or 25 μg kg −1 , enhanced the serum gastrin response to food in dogs but larger doses did not. Thus, when comparable doses are used, atropine enhances the serum gastrin response to food in dog as it does in man.
Carbon as a source for yellow luminescence in GaN: Isolated CN defect or its complexes

We study three carbon defects in GaN, isolated CN and its two complexes with donors CN–ON, and CN–SiGa, as a cause of the yellow luminescence using accurate hybrid density functional calculation, which includes the semi-core Ga 3d electrons as valence electrons and uses a larger 300-atom supercell. We show that the isolated CN defect yields good agreement with experiment on the photoluminescence (PL) peak position, zero-phonon line, and thermodynamic defect transition level. We find that the defect state of the complexes that is involved in the PL process is the same as that of the CN defect. The role of the positively charged donors (ON or SiGa) next to CN is to blue-shift the PL peak. Therefore, the complexes cannot be responsible for the same PL peak as isolated CN. Our detailed balance analysis further suggests that under thermal equilibrium at typical growth temperature, the concentration of isolated CN defect is orders of magnitude higher than the defect complexes, which is a result of the small binding energy in these complexes.
Health Culture and Running: Non-Elite Runners' Understandings of Doping and Supplementation.

Participants at the non-elite level of road running often take up the sport for purposes of health, as a way of taking responsibility for their own well-being. Often, these runners use dietary supplements as a way to improve health and to potentially enhance running performance. Supplements are distinct from banned performance enhancing drugs (PEDs), as they are legal and widely available, though very loosely regulated. Research demonstrates that the line between supplements and banned PEDs is increasingly blurry as cases of cross-contaminated and mislabeled supplements continue to be found. Such products may pose health risks to unsuspecting consumers. Despite anti-doping agencies’ warnings to elite runners about these risks, non-elite runners are rarely told by any sport or anti-doping body to be wary of supplements. They are, however, inundated with media coverage of doping scandals usually involving only a few of the substances banned in sport. In short, these runners are often left to navigate supplement use on their own and many conflate supplement availability with safety. This article explores these routine dietary supplement practices among non-elite runners. Drawing from interviews with 28 non-elite runners in New York City, I discuss the perceptions and understandings of doping and dietary supplement use within the context of health culture. Interview data reveal that the social acceptance of dietary supplements and their widespread use among the broader public reinforce the notion among non-elite runners that such products are objectively safe and healthy. I argue that based on their assumptions of supplement safety, non-elite runners view dietary supplements as distinctly different from PEDs and that this difference encourages their use as health and performance aids.
Preclinical Evaluations To Identify Optimal Linezolid Regimens for Tuberculosis Therapy

ABSTRACT Linezolid is an oxazolidinone with potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Linezolid toxicity in patients correlates with the dose and duration of therapy. These toxicities are attributable to the inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Clinically relevant linezolid regimens were simulated in the in vitro hollow-fiber infection model (HFIM) system to identify the linezolid therapies that minimize toxicity, maximize antibacterial activity, and prevent drug resistance. Linezolid inhibited mitochondrial proteins in an exposure-dependent manner, with toxicity being driven by trough concentrations. Once-daily linezolid killed M. tuberculosis in an exposure-dependent manner. Further, 300 mg linezolid given every 12 hours generated more bacterial kill but more toxicity than 600 mg linezolid given once daily. None of the regimens prevented linezolid resistance. These findings show that with linezolid monotherapy, a clear tradeoff exists between antibacterial activity and toxicity. By identifying the pharmacokinetic parameters linked with toxicity and antibacterial activity, these data can provide guidance for clinical trials evaluating linezolid in multidrug antituberculosis regimens. IMPORTANCE The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis are a major threat to global public health. Linezolid is an oxazolidinone that is licensed for human use and has demonstrated potent activity against multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis. However, long-term use of linezolid has shown to be toxic in patients, often resulting in thrombocytopenia. We examined therapeutic linezolid regimens in an in vitro model to characterize the exposure-toxicity relationship. The antibacterial activity against M. tuberculosis was also assessed for these regimens, including the amplification or suppression of resistant mutant subpopulations by the chosen regimen. Higher exposures of linezolid resulted in greater antibacterial activity, but with more toxicity and, for some regimens, increased resistant mutant subpopulation amplification, illustrating the trade-off between activity and toxicity. These findings can provide valuable insight for designing optimal dosage regimens for linezolid that are part of the long combination courses used to treat multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis.
Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Conidioma of Discula Destructiva (Coelomycetes)

19. Marasas, W. F. O., P. G. Thiel, C. J. Rabie, P. E. Nelson, and T. A. Toussoun. 1986. Moniliformin production in Fusarium section Liseola. Mycologia 78: 242-247. 20. Nelson, P. E., L. W. Burgess, and B. A. Summerell. 1990. Some morphological and physiological characters of Fusarium species in sections Liseola and Elegans and similar species. Mycologia 82: 99-106. 21. , T. A. Toussoun, and W. F. 0. Marasas. 1983. Fusarium species: an illustrative manual for identification. Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, University Park, Pennsylvania. 193 pp. 22. Nirenberg, H. T. 1976. Untersuchungen ueber die morphologische und biologische Differenzierung in der Fusarium-Sektion Liseola. Mitt. Biol. Bundesanst. Landund Forstwirtsch, Berlin-Dahlem 169: 1-117. . arasas, W. F. O., P. G. Thiel, C. J. Rabie, P. E. 23. Stephens, C. T., and W. H. Elmer. 1988. An in vitro assay to evaluate sources of resistance in Asparagus spp. to Fusarium crown and root rot. PI. Dis. 72: 334-337. 24 Tiedt, L. R., and W. J. Jooste. 1988. Abberrant conidiogenesis in a Fusarium subglutinans isolate. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 90: 527-530. 25. , and . 1988. Ultrastructure of collarette formation in Fusarium sect. Liseola and some taxonomic implications. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 90: 531-536. 26. Windels, C. E., P. M. Burnes, and T. Kommedahl. 1988. Five year preservation of Fusarium species on silica gel and soil. Phytopathology 78: 107-109.
Recommended SI Units for the Clinical Laboratory

The International System of Units (SI) has been promulgated by the international agencies responsible for the definition of units for quantities (measurable properties) in order to have a unified coherent system of quantities and units for use by the international community in commerce, science, engineering and medicine. Different sectors of the scientific community, including clinical laboratory scientists, have recommended parts, or all, of the SI for use in their specific areas of interest. The current status of the adoption and implementation of the SI in the United States is reviewed. The SI and the recommendations for use of the SI in the clinical laboratory are described, and some factors are presented in order to convert laboratory values from their presently used units to those that will be used if the SI is adopted as recommended.
Accelerating finite-element-based 3D optical imaging reconstruction by graphic processing units

We report an implementation of GPU to accelerate 3D image reconstruction in DOT. Using CUDA programming model, we parallelized our DOT algorithm and achieved a speed of more than 300x over the CPU based computation.
Metastasis-associated Protein Ribosomal RNA Processing 1 Homolog B (RRP1B)Modulates Metastasis Through Regulation of Histone Methylation

Overexpression of ribosomal RNA processing 1 homolog B (RRP1B) induces a transcriptional profile that accurately predicts patient outcome in breast cancer. However, the mechanism by which RRP1B modulates transcription is unclear. Here, the chromatin-binding properties of RRP1B were examined to define how it regulates metastasis-associated transcription. To identify genome-wide RRP1B-binding sites, high-throughput ChIP-seq was performed in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cells using antibodies against endogenous RRP1B. Global changes in repressive marks such as histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) were also examined by ChIP-seq. Analysis of these samples identified 339 binding regions in MDA-MB-231 cells and 689 RRP1B-binding regions in HeLa cells. Among these, 136 regions were common to both cell lines. Gene expression analyses of these RRP1B-binding regions revealed that transcriptional repression is the primary result of RRP1B binding to chromatin. ChIP-reChIP assays demonstrated that RRP1B co-occupies loci with decreased gene expression with the heterochromatin-associated proteins, tripartite motif-containing protein 28 (TRIM28/KAP1), and heterochromatin protein 1-α (CBX5/HP1α). RRP1B occupancy at these loci was also associated with higher H3K9me3 levels, indicative of heterochromatinization mediated by the TRIM28/HP1α complex. In addition, RRP1B upregulation, which is associated with metastasis suppression, induced global changes in histone methylation. Implications: RRP1B, a breast cancer metastasis suppressor, regulates gene expression through heterochromatinization and transcriptional repression, which helps our understanding of mechanisms that drive prognostic gene expression in human breast cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 12(12); 1818–28. ©2014 AACR .
Rigor Mortis: Statistical thoroughness in reporting and the making of truth

Should a uniform checklist be adopted for methodological and statistical reporting? The current article discusses this notion, with particular attention to the use of old versus new statistics, and a consideration of the arguments brought up by Von Roten. The article argues that an overly exhaustive checklist that is uniformly applied to all submitted papers may be unsuitable for multidisciplinary work, and would further result in undue clutter and potentially distract reviewers from pertinent considerations in their evaluation of research articles.
Low Current Measurement Error Analysis of Digital Closed-loop Fiber Optic Current Transformer

That the sensing fiber loop number and output digit were the main reasons to the low current measurement capability of digital closed-loop fiber optic current transformer(D-FOCT)was analyzed and proved.An experiment for measurement accuracy was designed.And under the present condition,the conclusion that the D-FOCT measurement accuracy could achieve 0.2S class defined in IEC60044-8 when the number of sensing fiber loop was greater than 25 was educed.
Physiological and structural responses to chronic experimental renal allograft injury

Chronic rejection necessitates a return to dialysis or retransplantation for a significant number of patients with renal allografts. Although alloresponses between donor organ and recipient importantly determine this process, the detailed immunologic processes and organ physiology of chronic rejection are unclear; in consequence its mechanism and therapy are uncertain. A model of chronic rejection in the rat was used to examine several facets of this process. Fisher-to-Lewis (F-L), allogeneic, and Lewis-to-Lewis (L-L), syngeneic, renal transplants were performed in nephrectomized recipients. All rats were treated with cyclosporin A (5 mg.kg-1.day-1) for 10 days from the time of grafting. At 6 wk, allogeneically grafted animals had a higher protein excretion rate (F-L, 47 +/- 30 mg/day; L-L, 17 +/- 6 mg/day; P < 0.05) and an increase in glomerular capillary pressure (F-L, 69 +/- 5 mmHg; L-L, 58 +/- 8 mmHg; P < 0.05) and fractional cortical interstitial volume (F-L, 29.8 +/- 4.3%; L-L, 19.5 +/- 4.0%; P < 0.01). This model of chronic rejection is characterized by glomerular capillary hypertension, proteinuria, and cortical interstitial expansion. Because these findings are also present in other models of chronic renal injury, mechanisms in addition to alloresponses may operate in chronic rejection.
Effects of a monensin ruminal delivery device on daily gain, forage intake and ruminal fermentation of steers grazing irrigated winter wheat pasture.

Two trials evaluated the effects of a monensin ruminal delivery device (MRDD) on steers grazing winter wheat pasture. In Trial 1, 60 Hereford steers (initial wt 238.5 kg) grazed a 21.9-ha paddock of Vona-variety winter wheat for 112 d. Steers were assigned to either MRDD or control (C) treatments in a randomized complete block design. In Trial 2, eight ruminally cannulated steers (avg wt 234.4 kg) grazed a 2.4-ha paddock of Vona-variety wheat and were assigned randomly to either MRDD or C treatments. Three 11-d collection periods were conducted during early February, early March and early April. Chromic oxide was dosed to determine fecal output, and ruminal samples were collected on d 6 of each period. Nylon bags containing ground wheat forage were incubated ruminally beginning on d 8. In Trial 1, steers with MRDD tended (P less than .11) to gain more weight than C steers (.44 vs .38 kg/d). In Trial 2, wheat forage intake, in situ DM disappearance, ruminal pH, ruminal ammonia concentrations and ruminal proportions of acetate and total VFA concentrations were not affected by treatment. Ruminal proportions of propionate were increased (P less than .05) slightly by MRDD (20.3 and 19.2 mol/100 mol for MRDD and C, respectively). Butyrate proportions in ruminal samples were decreased (P less than .05) by MRDD during March but not in other sampling periods. Ruminal fluid chlorophyll concentration was less (P less than .05) for MRDD-treated vs C steers during early March but was greater (P less than .10) for MRDD-treated steers during early April. The MRDD shows promise as a method of supplying monensin to cattle grazing winter wheat forage.
Rational and irrational. Remarks on the clinical gendering of language in psychoanalysis.

This paper extends Hartmann's skepticism about the heuristic value of the polarized terms “rational” and “irrational” lest they be used for future theory building. Clinically—now, as in ancient tim...
An Alternative Cognitive Architecture

Chapters 3 through 6 examined the bearing of the systematicity and productivity arguments on cognitive architectures that were committed to Representationalism and the Computational Theory of the Attitudes. Chapter 7 extended this examination to two Connectionist models, models that were committed to Representationalism and at least not obviously inconsistent with the Computational Theory of the Attitudes. Chapter 8 extended the argument to two versions of Functionally Combinatorial theories of cognitive representations. Now, in this chapter, we shall consider an alternative cognitive architecture that part ways with both Representationalism and CTA, namely, an architecture based on Robert Cummins’s very interesting work on naturalizing meaning in Representations, Targets, and Attitudes. While Cummins believes that cognition involves computational processes and representations, he does not accept Representationalism or the Computational Theory of the Attitudes found in Classicism. Insofar as the many kinds of systematicity and productivity are bona fide features of human cognition, however, it is relevant to ask how this alternative cognitive architecture, designed to meet other explanatory ends, fares when facing the family of systematicity and productivity arguments.
A procedure for cryopreservation of hamster oocytes yielding highly conserved oocytes suitable for sperm penetration tests

Hamsters were superovulated and their oocytes frozen in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline containing 10% fetal calf serum and 1.5 molar 1,2-propanediol. In several experiments, 94% of the hamster oocytes survived freezing and were equivalent to fresh oocytes in sperm penetration. In routine use of the procedure described, also 94% of 1,340 frozen-thawed oocytes were satisfactory for sperm penetration of several species. Frozen oocytes eliminate problems and costs of maintaining hamster colonies with variable responses on individual days.
Vesicular Hand Dermatitis in a Child: Allergy to Methylisothiazolinone

A 7-year-old girl presented with a history of vesicular hand dermatitis that only partially improved with the use of steroids. Patch testing revealed a 1+ reaction to 0.2% aqueous methylisothiazolinone (MI) and 0.01% aqueous methylchloroisothazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI). Dyshidrosiform hand dermatitis is rare in children younger than 10 years of age, and this pattern has not been reported with MCI/MI allergy.
Book Review of Learning Online: What Research Tells Us About Whether, When and How

Our learning has become increasingly mediated by technology and to that effect online education and blended learning in the classroom have become part and parcel of everyday life, whether taking the form of official classwork or in our own independent, interest-driven pursuits. The application of online education is not a onesize-fits-all approach however, nor may it be appropriate for all learners or instances. Means, Bakia, and Murphy have synthesised a variety of resources and topics in the field to present the reader with research that has been conducted regarding the effectiveness of online learning, as well as an engaging overview of what online learning looks like in K-12 and Higher Education, in addition to personal interest and productivity.
Confluencias hispánicas: poesía y comunicación a ambos lados del Atlántico

Las posibilidades comunicativas de lo literario han gozado de una centralidad indiscutible en los debates que se han mantenido en el ambito hispanico en torno a la poesia. Resulta especialmente significativa la confluencia que se produce en la segunda mitad del siglo pasado, donde encontramos una discusion paralela tanto en Espana como en Hispanoamerica acerca de la hegemonia de este componente del hecho poetico. En ambos casos, un destacado grupo de poetas se posicionaron otorgandole una supremacia sobre el resto de elementos que determinan la escritura. Todo ello condujo a una alteracion en la conformacion del panorama poetico coetaneo y en la critica y percepcion de poeticas predecesoras. Las implicaciones que conllevaron estos planteamientos, asi como las coincidencias y divergencias que hay entre los dos escenarios son los ejes sobre los que se articula esta propuesta.
Varicocele: Evaluation and Pathophysiology

Varicocele is an abnormal dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus in the spermatic cord, occurring in 15% of men. Varicocele has a higher prevalence in men with primary and secondary infertility, ~ 35% and 75% respectively. Evaluation of a suspected varicocele includes history, physical examination and lab testing. Suggested causes of varicocele include valve incompetence, angle of insertion of the left gonadal vein into the renal vein or external compression of the gonadal vein. Varicocele can be associated with abnormal semen parameters and scrotal pain. These effects are thought to be due to increased temperature, venous pooling, accumulation of oxidative species and altered cell function.
Correlating the Cloud Point of Biodiesel to the Concentration and Melting Properties of the Component Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

Biodiesel is a renewable alternative diesel fuel made from plant oils and animal fats. In the form of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), it is usually obtained by transesterification of plant oil or animal fat with methanol in the presence of catalyst. Most of the fuel properties of biodiesel compare well with conventional diesel fuel (petrodiesel). One major disadvantage of biodiesel is its relatively poor cold flow properties which must be monitored during cold weather in moderate temperature climates. Two correlation models were developed to accurately calculate the cloud point (CP) of biodiesel. Both models were developed using measured CP data from binary admixtures of biodiesel fuels made from canola, palm, and soybean oils and yellow grease (CaME, PME, SME, and YGME). One model was based on solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) thermodynamics in organic mixtures. This model required fatty acid concentrations (FA profile) and melting point (MP) and enthalpy of fusion (ΔHfus) data for each FAME species in th...
A new era of InSAR applications with Sentinel-1: A case study of severe ground subsidence in California Central Valley

The launch of Sentinel-1 constellation raise a new era for InSAR applications and time series analysis. The wide coverage, fine temporal and spatial resolution, precise control of orbits and the free distribution policy bring more new chances than ever to earth observations applications. In this experiment we use Sentinel-1A data that covers a period of one year and a half (from November 2014 to June 2016) to study the ground movement of California Central Valley. Two different datasets were used and persistent scatterers interferometry technique was adopted for the time series analysis. The result indicates severe ground subsidence inside the study area, reaching a maximum rate of approximately 250 mm/yr at some locations.
The Effects of Acid Precipitation and Ozone on the Ectomycorrhizae of Red Spruce Saplings

The effects of acid precipitation and ozone on the composition of the ectomycorrhizal community of red spruce saplings were evaluated. In 1986, saplings were excavated from a site in Maine that had been clear-cut in 1979. Saplings were then potted in native soil and transported to Ithaca, New York. With the exception of an ambient control treatment, trees were grown in open-top chambers. Saplings were exposed to five levels of ozone and three levels of acid precipitation beginning in July 1987. Ectomycorrhizae were sampled in 1988 and 1991 after one and four years of treatment, respectively. Although the percentage of root tips infected by ectomycorrhizal fungi was not affected by treatments, a shift in the composition of the ectomycorrhizal community occurred in response to acid precipitation treatments for both sampling years. Among the seven ectomycorrhizal morphotypes identified, the percent composition of one morphotype increased and another decreased in response to higher rain acidity. Alone, ozone treatments did not influence ectomycorrhizal composition; however, a significant interactive response to ozone and acid precipitation was observed in the organic soil horizon in 1988. Such shifts in the composition of the ectomycorrhizal community may indicate that the experimental trees were stressed by pollution treatments.
What Makes a Bunch of Marks a Diagrammatic Representation, and another Bunch a Sentential Representation?

While much has been written on the difference between diagrammatic and sentential representations (sometimes also called propositional or symbolic representations), the explanations don’t address the fact that, when viewed as marks on paper, interpreting the marks in both cases involves use of visual perception that takes account of the spatial arrangement of marks. This paper takes account of the sense in which both – sentential representations and those that are generally taken to be diagrams – are indeed diagrams but of different things. This paper identifies the different roles played by the causality of the physical 2-D space in providing support for the representations.
Building an Evidence-Based, Holistic Approach to Advancing Integrated Employment:

Since the introduction of supported employment in the Developmental Disabilities Act of 1984 and the Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1986, there has been continued development and refinement of be...
Effects of the Physician Payments Sunshine Act on the Patient Experience and Perception of Care Amongst Neurosurgeons: A Comparative Study of Online PRW Ratings and Industry Payments

Abstract Objective Growing relationships between industry related financial payments and physicians have become an increasingly controversial topic as they relate to clinical judgment and patient care. Our objective is to analyze and quantify the effects of physician reported industry payments on the patient experience and patient satisfaction as defined by Physician Rating Websites (PRW). Patients and methods We analyzed physician-reported industry payments received by neurosurgeons over four consecutive years as defined by the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (PPSA). All board-certified neurosurgeons on three widely used PRWs were further identified. Data was collected on average rating, number of ratings and composite ratings. Demographic, training-related and practice-related data were also collected. Each physician was identified and matched to their individually reported payments from the PPSA database. Results Receiving higher amounts of industrial payments had no correlation to average PRW ratings, however was associated with receiving higher composite PRW ratings (p = 0.0389). Higher composite ratings (p = 0.0389), decreasing age (p = 0.005), being male (OR 1.7960, p = 0.005), completing a fellowship (OR 1.3310, p = 0.0085), having a more complete profile (OR 1.1121, p = 0.0057) and speaking more languages (OR 1.1253, p = 0.03802) all were correlated with receiving more total monetary payments. Training at a top 25 residency program was predictive of being in the bottom quartile of total monetary payments received (OR 1.676, p = 0.0002). Conclusions Patient experience as defined by PRW ratings are likely not strongly influenced by industry related monetary payments, however some relationship may exist. Further study is needed to determine the true relationship between industry related monetary payments and the patient experience.
Single Space Based Sensor Bias Estimation Using a Single Target of Opportunity

Sensor registration refers to the estimation/compensation of systematic (bias) errors, in contrast to the random errors from sensor noise. Various methods have been proposed for bias estimation of multiple optical sensors using common targets of opportunity. However, the proposed solutions required the use of multiple (two or more) optical sensors and the need to solve the data association problem arising from the fusion of measurements from multiple sensors. In order to remove these constraints, we provide in this paper a new methodology using a single exoatmospheric target of opportunity seen in a single satellite borne sensor's field of view to estimate the sensor's biases simultaneously with the state of the target. The satellite-based sensor sees the target from a changing direction as a function of its position, allowing the target in this nonlinear tracking system to be observable. The sensor provides the line of sight (LOS) measurements of azimuth and elevation to the target. Sensor pointing calibration is the key precondition for accurate tracking of a target in a space-based system. Statistical tests on the results of simulations, and the evaluation of the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) on the covariance of the bias estimates show that this method is statistically efficient.
Next-generation aqueous flow battery chemistries

Abstract The battery industry is seeking solutions for large-scale energy storage that are affordable, durable, and safe. Aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs) have the inherent properties to meet these requirements. While much has been learned over the past decade on the properties of redox materials, the focus of next-generation systems must be primarily on lowering redox material cost and increasing durability. In this context, in addition to inexpensive materials such as iron salts, redox couples based on small organic molecules have shown significant promise. A considerable level of understanding has been gained on the factors affecting the durability of aqueous RFB systems, specifically relating to molecular stability and crossover. New molecular classes, substituent strategies, and cell configurations have been identified to enhance the durability of systems in the future. Next-generation systems will also need to focus on designing molecules for achieving high energy efficiency and power density as well. Furthermore, the application of computational methods for screening of chemical stability could accelerate discovery of new molecular architectures.
Designing and Developing Coordinating Centers as Infrastructure to Support Team Science

In this chapter, I share results from my NCI-funded research on the role of Coordinating Centers (CCs) in collaborative, coordinated networks. The aim of this study was to describe the work a CC does, as well as to identify those aspects of the CC infrastructure that influenced how scientists collaborated and that impacted scientific outcomes of the project, in the hopes of beginning to develop necessary best practices. Drawing upon this work, as well as my own experience building and managing multiple CCs, I propose three design elements that should be addressed as funding agencies and research teams consider how best to design, develop, and evaluate coordinated networks for maximum collaboration, efficiency, and effectiveness: (1) clarity of roles and responsibilities; (2) a funding structure that requires collaborative work; and (3) the inclusion of a scientific role for the CC.
Fast and Universal Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory Algorithm for Warm Dense Matter to Hot Dense Plasma.

Understanding many processes, e.g., fusion experiments, planetary interiors, and dwarf stars, depends strongly on microscopic physics modeling of warm dense matter and hot dense plasma. This complex state of matter consists of a transient mixture of degenerate and nearly free electrons, molecules, and ions. This regime challenges both experiment and analytical modeling, necessitating predictive ab initio atomistic computation, typically based on quantum mechanical Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT). However, cubic computational scaling with temperature and system size prohibits the use of DFT through much of the warm dense matter regime. A recently developed stochastic approach to KS-DFT can be used at high temperatures, with the exact same accuracy as the deterministic approach, but the stochastic error can converge slowly and it remains expensive for intermediate temperatures ($l50\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$). We have developed a universal mixed stochastic-deterministic algorithm for DFT at any temperature. This approach leverages the physics of KS-DFT to seamlessly integrate the best aspects of these different approaches. We demonstrate that this method significantly accelerated self-consistent field calculations for temperatures from 3 to 50 eV, while producing stable molecular dynamics and accurate diffusion coefficients.
RNA-Seq Reproducibility Assessment of the Sequencing Quality Control Project.

With the widespread RNA-seq applications of different sequencing platforms in biomedical science research in recent years, a systematic evaluation of RNA-seq data quality is crucial and timely. The...
Use of Gore C-TAG with active control to treat a complex infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm

Abstract Complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) can preclude the use of endovascular aortic repair. In patients unable to undergo open surgical repair (OSR), the use of endografts outside the instructions for use might be the only option. We present the case of a woman with a highly angulated infrarenal AAA neck who was unsuitable for OSR and was successfully treated using a Gore C-TAG conformable thoracic stent graft (W.L. Gore and Associates, Inc, Flagstaff, Ariz) with active control, Medtronic Heli-FX EndoAnchors (Medtronic Vascular, Minneapolis, Minn), and a bifurcated Gore Excluder endoprosthesis W.L. Gore and Associates). The repair was successful without evidence of an endoleak. Using a thoracic endograft outside of the instructions for use to treat infrarenal AAAs might be feasible for patients unable to undergo OSR.
Opioid use at the transition to emerging adulthood: A latent class analysis of non-medical use of prescription opioids and heroin use.

Abstract Background Although rates of nonmedical opioid use are highest in late adolescence and emerging adulthood, efforts to understand the extent of the heterogeneity in opioid misuse during this time have been limited. The current study aimed to derive and define typologies of opioid use in high school students at the onset of emerging adulthood. Methods Survey responses from a statewide sample of high school students aged 18 and 19 (N = 26,223) were analyzed. Group-based comparisons between participants reporting opioid use and those not reporting opioid use were conducted. Among those reporting opioid use (n = 1,636), we conducted a latent class analysis (LCA) to identify heterogeneous subgroups of opioid users on the basis of non-medical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) and heroin use. The resulting classes were then compared across various risk and protective factors using multinominal logistic regression. Results Consistent differences were observed between participants using opioids and participants not using opioids, with moderate to large effect sizes. Results from LCA revealed three subclasses: NMUPO-Any Use, NMUPO To Get High, and Heroin Use. Subclass differences were observed for non-opioid substance use, mental health, and demographics. Conclusions Findings from this study underscore the variability of youth who engage in opioid use in late adolescence. Results also indicate that opioid use during adolescence is likely indicative of a broader set of substance use and mental health issues.