cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor β signaling upregulates the expression of human GDP-fucose transporter by activating transcription factor Sp1.

GDP-fucose transporter plays a crucial role in fucosylation of glycoproteins by providing activated fucose donor, GDP-fucose, for fucosyltransferases in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. Fucose-containing glycans are involved in many biological processes, which are essential for growth and development. Mutations in the GDP-fucose transporter gene cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome II, a disease characterized by slow growth, mental retardation and immunodeficiency. However, no information is available regarding its transcriptional regulation. Here, by using human cells, we show that TGF-β1 specifically induces the GDP-fucose transporter expression, but not other transporters tested such as CMP-sialic acid transporter, suggesting a diversity of regulatory pathways for the expression of these transporters. The regulatory elements that are responsive to the TGF-β1 stimulation are present in the region between bp −330 and −268 in the GDP-fucose transporter promoter. We found that this region contains two identical octamer GC-rich motifs (GGGGCGTG) that were demonstrated to be essential for the transporter expression. We also show that the transcription factor Sp1 specifically binds to the GC-rich motifs in vitro and Sp1 coupled with phospho-Smad2 is associated with the promoter region covering the Sp1-binding motifs in vivo using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. In addition, we further confirmed that Sp1 is essential for the GDP-fucose transporter expression stimulated by TGF-β1 using a luciferase reporter system. These results highlight the role of TGF-β signaling in regulation of the GDP-fucose transporter expression via activating Sp1. This is the first transcriptional study for any nucleotide sugar transporters that have been identified so far. Notably, TGF-β1 receptor itself is known to be modified by fucosylation. Given the essential role of GDP-fucose transporter in fucosylation, the finding that TGF-β1 stimulates the expression of this transporter, suggests a possible intracellular link between the function of nucleotide sugar transporter and the TGF-β signaling pathway.
Computed tomographic angiography allows accurate planning of the setting and technique of open and percutaneous vascular interventions.

Abstract Background Vascular surgeons can offer patients with arterial and venous disorders a multitude of endovascular and surgical options. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) has the potential to allow the development of an effective interventional strategy without subjecting patients to invasive diagnostic testing. Methods A prospectively maintained database was reviewed comprising 6 consecutive months of arterial and venous procedures performed using an algorithm emphasizing CTA supplemented with other noninvasive imaging. Results Eighty-five patients underwent 90 arterial or venous procedures, the majority of which were based on CTA. Preprocedure plans matched a successful intervention in 35 of 40 (88%) procedures performed in the interventional suite, and 48 of 49 (98%) procedures performed in the surgical suite. Two of 40 patients treated initially in the interventional suite eventually required a surgical vascular procedure. The majority of procedures were therapeutic (86%) rather than diagnostic (14%). Conclusions An algorithm using CTA and supplemented with other noninvasive imaging allows safe and effective planning for open surgical and endovascular procedures.
Framework for twistors

Spinors and Space-Time. Vol. 2 Spinor and Twistor Methods in Space-Time Geometry. ByR. Penrose andW. Rindler. Cambridge University Press: 1986. Pp.501. 45, 89.50.
Movement of Underyearling Walleyes in Response to Odor and Visual Cues

Abstract Underyearling walleyes, allowed to move freely in a Y-shaped chamber into which various substances were added to one arm or another, were attracted to sodium chloride, sucrose, glutathione, vitamin B12, betaine, arginine, Daphnia slurries, some fish slurries, washings from live Daphnia and Artemia, and some commercial fish foods. They avoided cysteine, glycine, glycine-betaine, Artemia slurries, some fish slurries, and fish mucus; and showed little reaction to valeric and caproic acid, and some commercial fish foods. Tests of visual response, in which beakers containing live food organisms were placed in the arms of the chamber, indicated that walleyes respond strongly to the movement of food organisms. Walleyes usually surrounded the beakers containing live food organisms and repeatedly struck the glass. They were attracted more strongly to Artemia than to Daphnia. Results indicate that odor plays an important role in movement of walleyes to food and that there is a potential for attracting inte...
Comparisons of various cooling schemes within a confined space

Consideration is given to a array consisting of a number of identical electronic modules. The modules are arranged into many rows, and each row includes a number of modules (18 modules in the present case). Each module dissipates 14 W. To reduce the maximum temperature and temperature variation over the array, several cooling schemes are investigated: (1) a single, unidirectional flow; (2) a side-by-side, bidirectional flow, and (3) a top-to-bottom, bidirectional flow. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the features of each approach. It is found that the top-to-bottom, bidirectional flow system is the most effective cooling method in maintaining low temperature and the small temperature differences of the system. For a given flow rate, the effect of the unequal channel flow on the temperature distribution is also discussed. >
Risk factors for chronic venous disease: The San Diego Population Study

Background The etiology of chronic venous disease in the lower limbs is unclear, and very limited data are available on potential risk factors from representative population studies. Methods Participants in the San Diego Population Study, a free-living adult population randomly selected from age, sex, and ethnic strata, were systematically assessed for risk factors for venous disease. Categorization of normal, moderate, and severe disease was determined hierarchically through clinical examination and ultrasonography imaging by trained vascular technologists, who also performed anthropometric measures. An interviewer administered a questionnaire and an examination assessed potential risk factors for venous disease suggested by previous reports. Results In multivariable models, moderate venous disease was independently related to age, a family history of venous disease, previous hernia surgery, and normotension in both sexes. In men, current walking, the absence of cardiovascular disease, and not moving after sitting were also predictive. Additional predictors in women were weight, number of births, oophorectomy, flat feet, and not sitting. For severe disease, age, family history of venous disease, waist circumference, and flat feet were predictive in both sexes. In men, occupation as a laborer, cigarette smoking, and normotension were also independently associated with severe venous disease. Additional significant and independent predictors in women were hours standing, history of leg injury, number of births, and cardiovascular disease, but African American ethnicity was protective. Multiple other postulated risk factors for venous disease were not significant in multivariable analysis in this population. Conclusions Although some risk factors for venous disease such as age, family history of venous disease, and findings suggestive of ligamentous laxity (hernia surgery, flat feet) are immutable, others can be modified, such as weight, physical activity, and cigarette smoking. Overall, these data provide modest support for the potential of behavioral risk-factor modification to prevent chronic venous disease.
An Extended Privacy Calculus Model for E-Commerce Transactions

While privacy is a highly cherished value, few would argue with the notion that absolute privacy is unattainable. Individuals make choices in which they surrender a certain degree of privacy in exchange for outcomes that are perceived to be worth the risk of information disclosure. This research attempts to better understand the delicate balance between privacy risk beliefs and confidence and enticement beliefs that influence the intention to provide personal information necessary to conduct transactions on the Internet. A theoretical model that incorporated contrary factors representing elements of a privacy calculus was tested using data gathered from 369 respondents. Structural equations modeling (SEM) using LISREL validated the instrument and the proposed model. The results suggest that although Internet privacy concerns inhibit e-commerce transactions, the cumulative influence of Internet trust and personal Internet interest are important factors that can outweigh privacy risk perceptions in the decision to disclose personal information when an individual uses the Internet. These findings provide empirical support for an extended privacy calculus model.
3D tracking via body radio reflections

This paper introduces WiTrack, a system that tracks the 3D motion of a user from the radio signals reflected off her body. It works even if the person is occluded from the WiTrack device or in a different room. WiTrack does not require the user to carry any wireless device, yet its accuracy exceeds current RF localization systems, which require the user to hold a transceiver. Empirical measurements with a WiTrack prototype show that, on average, it localizes the center of a human body to within a median of 10 to 13 cm in the x and y dimensions, and 21 cm in the z dimension. It also provides coarse tracking of body parts, identifying the direction of a pointing hand with a median of 11.2°. WiTrack bridges a gap between RF-based localization systems which locate a user through walls and occlusions, and human-computer interaction systems like Kinect, which can track a user without instrumenting her body, but require the user to stay within the direct line of sight of the device.
Periprosthetic femoral fractures: What to do, what to do?

Abstract Post-operative periprosthetic fractures have an incidence of 1.1% (Berry, 1999 [1]). The periprosthetic fracture is commonly classified by the location of the fracture. The most frequently utilized fracture classification categorizes patients by the location of the fracture including: peritrochanteric, around the stem, or distal to the femoral implant. Additional considerations incorporated in this classification include femoral implant stability and host bone status. We will review the different treatment modalities for each fracture type with consideration given to stem stability and host bone status.
Is occupational fraud “typical” white-collar crime? A comparison of individual and organizational characteristics

Abstract Controversy over the appropriate unit of analysis plagued the white-collar crime literature. This state of affairs was a product, at least in part, of the continued development of two distinct research traditions. Researchers interested in “occupational crime” focused on individuals, whereas “corporate crime” researchers studied organizations. As a result, assumptions persisted about the “typical” offender and organizational setting for white-collar crime. Using a sample of 1,142 occupational fraud cases, the present study addressed voids in the literature by comparing differences in individual offender characteristics (i.e., age, gender, education, and position in the organization) and organizational victim characteristics (i.e., size, type, existing control mechanisms, and revenue) for three types of occupational fraud: asset misappropriation, corruption, and fraudulent statements. The analysis revealed that individuals who committed fraudulent statements conformed to the literature's “high status” image, while those involved in asset misappropriation or corruption more closely resembled D. Weisburd, S. Wheeler, E. Waring, and N. Bode's (1991) “middle-class” offenders. Moreover, organizations victimized by corruption were similar to the literature's depiction of the large, profit-making company setting for white-collar crime, while the other two types of occupational fraud occurred in distinctly different settings. Implications for future research and fraud prevention are provided.
IRRADIATION IN THE FROZEN STATE: A TECHNIQUE FOR DIRECT PHOTOAFFINITY LABELING

— UV irradiation of rabbit muscle phosphofructokinase (PFK) in the presence of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate (cAMP) resulted in the covalent attachment of this ligand molecule to the enzyme protein. Irradiation in the frozen ice state enhanced the rate of this incorporation more than 10-fold above that achieved in aqueous solution, without significantly affecting the rate of photodestruction of the protein. [3H]-cAMP and [32P]-cAMP were each incorporated into PFK at identical rates in the frozen state. Rates of photoincorporation in the frozen and liquid states were both half-maximal at a free ligand concentration approximately equal to the dissociation constant of cAMP and PFK. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP), both of which are known to compete for cAMP binding to PFK, inhibited photoincorporation of cAMP. Guanosine monophosphate (GMP), inosine monophosphate (IMP), and guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate (cGMP), which do not compete for cAMP binding, had no effect on photoincorporation of cAMP. Irradiation of [3H]-AMP or [3H]-ADP resulted in photoincorporation into PFK at 0°C, with enhancement at — 77°C similar to that noted with cAMP.
Control of moulting in an insect.

MOULTING in insects is controlled by the prothoracic glands after they have been activated by the brain1–6. α-Ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone stimulate moulting and are thought to be the principal moulting hormones7–11. It is common to assume that the prothoracic glands control moulting by synthesizing ecdysone, even though there is no direct evidence for this12,13. The experiments reported here show that the head and thorax of Calpodes larvae isolated with intact activated prothoracic glands do not moult; they can only do so if moulting hormone is injected or if at least part of the abdomen is present. This suggests that more than an activated prothoracic gland is needed for moulting.
Development of new and validation of existing convection correlations for rooms with displacement ventilation systems

Building airflow, thermal, and contaminant simulation programs need accurate models for the surface convective boundary conditions. This is, especially, the case for displacement ventilation (DV) systems, where convective buoyancy forces at room surfaces significantly affect the airflow pattern and temperature and contaminant distributions. Nevertheless, for DV, as a relatively new ventilation system, the convective correlations are adopted from more traditional mixing ventilation correlations, or non-existent. In this study, the existing recommended correlations are validated in a full-scale experimental facility representing an office space. In addition, new correlations are developed for floor surfaces because the current literature does not provide necessary correlations, even though, the floor surface is responsible for >50% of the total convective heat transfer at the envelope. The convective correlations are typically functions of a surface-air temperature difference, airflow parameters, and characteristic room dimensions. Validation results show that the floor convection correlations expressed as a function of volume flow rate are much stronger than the correlations expressed as a function of a temperature difference between the surface and local air. Consequently, the new convection correlation for floor surfaces is a function of the number of hourly room air changes (ACH). This correlation also takes into account buoyant effects from local floor heat patches. Experimental data show that the existing correlation can be successfully applied to vertical and ceiling surfaces in spaces with DV diffuser(s). Overall, the new and the existing convection correlations are tabulated for use in building simulation programs, such as annual energy analyses or computational fluid dynamics.
Selection of observations in magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a type of MRI in which both spatial and spectral information are gathered. Unfortunately, the time required to acquire a high-resolution image is prohibitive. Thus, we desire to gather the most informative data possible in the limited time available. The particular choice of a limited set of k-space samples has a tremendous impact on the quality of the reconstructed image. In previous work, we demonstrated a technique for choosing k-space samples under the assumption of a least-squares reconstruction given knowledge of the region of support of the image. In this work, we extend our criterion to a Wiener filter reconstruction. Furthermore, we exploit the properties of the Wiener filter criterion to derive a new optimization strategy. This optimization strategy allows us to begin the k-space acquisition process before the choice of k-space samples is complete. Results are demonstrated on an acquired MRI phantom.
Mortgage Tax Relief: Subsidy or Sematics?

Tax relief on mortgage interest wsa defended (Economic Affairs, October-November 1985) by Professor John parry Lewis, Formerly at the University, of Manchester; Richard Best, Secretary of the inquiry into British Housing caaired by the Duke of Edinburgh, argues that the Inquiry recommended the obolition of relief as an integral part of a package of reforms intended to reduce housing shortages. Professor Parry Lewis stands his ground.
Guaranteed broadcasting using SPON: supervised P2P overlay network

One important application for dynamic networks is broadcast or multicast communication, where a single message is sent to all members of a dynamic set of recipients. This functionality is required by many data-sharing protocols, as well as applications including media streaming, online gaming, teleconferencing, and distance education. This paper proposes a tree-based network called SPON which manages group updates and supports efficient broadcasting. SPON uses a supervisor peer to maintain the network during node arrivals and departures and routes broadcasts using direct connections between nodes.
Understanding the Capacity Region of the Greedy Maximal Scheduling Algorithm in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks

In this paper, we characterize the performance of an important class of scheduling schemes, called greedy maximal scheduling (GMS), for multi-hop wireless networks. While a lower bound on the throughput performance of GMS is relatively well-known in the simple node-exclusive interference model, it has not been thoroughly explored in the more general K-hop interference model. Moreover, empirical observations suggest that the known bounds are quite loose, and that the performance of GMS is often close to optimal. In this paper, we provide a number of new analytic results characterizing the performance limits of GMS. We first provide an equivalent characterization of the efficiency ratio of GMS through a topological property called the local-pooling factor of the network graph. We then develop an iterative procedure to estimate the local-pooling factor under a large class of network topologies and interference models. We use these results to study the worst-case efficiency ratio of GMS on two classes of network topologies. First, we show how these results can be applied to tree networks to prove that GMS achieves the full capacity region in tree networks under the K-hop interference model. Second, we show that the worst-case efficiency ratio of GMS in geometric network graphs is between 1/6 and 1/3.
Decision Fusion of Machine Learning Models to Predict Radiotherapy-Induced Lung Pneumonitis

Combining different machine learning models (decision fusion) has been shown to be an effective method for estimating the underlying physical mechanism by allowing the models to reinforce each other when consensus exists, or, conversely, negate each other when there is no consensus. To be effective, decision fusion requires that the different models provide some degree of complementary information. In this work, we fuse the results of four different machine learning models (Boosted Decision Trees, Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines, Self Organizing Maps) to predict the risk of lung pneumonitis in patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy. Fusion was achieved by simple averaging of the 10-fold cross validated predictions for each patient from all four models. To reduce prediction dependence on the manner in which the data set was split, 10-fold cross-validation was repeated 100 times for random data splitting. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the fused cross-validated results was 0.79, higher than the individual models and with (generally) lower variance. The fusion extracted three important features as the consensus among all four models in predicting radiation pneumonitis risk: chemotherapy prior to radiotherapy, equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD) for exponent a = 1.2 to 3, and female gender. The results show great promise for machine learning in radiotherapy outcomes modeling.
Complete Solution of Boolean Equations

A method is presented for generating a single formula involving arbitrary Boolean parameters, which includes in it each and every possible solution of a system of Boolean equations. An alternate condition equivalent to a known necessary and sufficient condition for solving a system of Boolean equations is given.
Multimode excitation-induced phase shifts in intrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometric fiber sensor spectra

We report the modal analysis of optical fiber single-mode–multimode–single-mode intrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer sensors. The multimode nature of the Fabry–Perot cavity gives rise to an additional phase term in the spectrogram due to intermodal dispersion-induced wavefront distortion, which could significantly affect the cavity length demodulation accuracy. By using an exact model to analyze the modal behavior, this phase term is explained by employing a rotating vector approach. Comparison of the theoretical analysis with experimental results is presented.
Observations of gas flow in porous media using a light transmission technique

[1] A novel technique for quantitative nondestructive study of two-dimensional disposition of gas phase in unsaturated porous media is presented. Carbon dioxide was pumped through a backlit 1 cm thick chamber packed with translucent sand, which was variably saturated with water containing the pH indicator dye methyl red. As the carbon dioxide dissolved in the pore water, lowering the pH and changing the dye color, a CCD camera captured images of the resultant changes in transmitted light. These digital image files were then processed using a series of calibrated steps to relate light intensity to dye attenuation, dye attenuation to solution pH, and solution pH to aqueous and gaseous carbon dioxide concentration. The final product was a series of false-color images showing the development of the gaseous carbon dioxide plume. Limitations were found that will require further development, including more attention to calibration of dye concentration versus observed transmission and investigation of dye solubility across the range of pH values employed. With refinement, this technique may prove to be a useful tool in studying the complexities of gas phase transport in variably saturated porous media.
Xenobiotic Metabolism in Mice Lacking the UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 2 Family

UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) conjugate a glucuronyl group from glucuronic acid to a wide range of lipophilic substrates to form a hydrophilic glucuronide conjugate. The glucuronide generally has decreased bioactivity and increased water solubility to facilitate excretion. Glucuronidation represents an important detoxification pathway for both endogenous waste products and xenobiotics, including drugs and harmful industrial chemicals. Two clinically significant families of UGT enzymes are present in mammals: UGT1s and UGT2s. Although the two families are distinct in gene structure, studies using recombinant enzymes have shown considerable overlap in their ability to glucuronidate many substrates, often obscuring the relative importance of the two families in the clearance of particular substrates in vivo. To address this limitation, we have generated a mouse line, termed ΔUgt2, in which the entire Ugt2 gene family, extending over 609 kilobase pairs, is excised. This mouse line provides a means to determine the contributions of the two UGT families in vivo. We demonstrate the utility of these animals by defining for the first time the in vivo contributions of the UGT1 and UGT2 families to glucuronidation of the environmental estrogenic agent bisphenol A (BPA). The highest activity toward this chemical is reported for human and rodent UGT2 enzymes. Surprisingly, our studies using the ΔUgt2 mice demonstrate that, while both UGT1 and UGT2 isoforms can conjugate BPA, clearance is largely dependent on UGT1s.
Review article: the current treatment of non-cardiac chest pain.

Summary Background Non-cardiac chest pain is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. By recognising that gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), oesophageal dysmotility and oesophageal hypersensitivity are the main underlying mechanisms of NCCP, a more directed therapeutic approach has been developed. Aim To determine the value of the current therapeutic modalities for NCCP. Methods Electronic (Pubmed/Medline/Cochrane central) and manual search. Results Double-dose PPI treatment for two months is a reasonable first choice approach in patients with NCCP because GERD is the most common aetiology. Studies evaluating the role of medical therapy in NCCP patients with hypercontractile oesophageal motility suggest a limited value to muscle relaxants like calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, diltiazem), nitrates and sildenafil. While most trials evaluating pain modulators are small and many are not placebo-controlled, these type of medications appear efficacious in both patients with NCCP due to oesophageal dysmotility and those with functional chest pain. Cognitive behavioural therapy has been extensively studied in patients with functional chest pain with good results. Other psychological techniques such as hypnotherapy, group therapy or coping skills have been scarcely studied but appear to be effective in NCCP patients. Conclusion Medical, endoscopic and surgical therapeutic options are available for the treating physician, although some patients with non-cardiac chest pain may require a multimodal therapeutic approach.
Trends in the Frequencies of Cyclone Activity over North America

Abstract Trends in cyclone frequencies over North America were determined for the period 1949–76 for four mid-season months. The general trend has been for a decrease in the number of cyclonic events, but with fluctuations. There is a tendency for the trends in frequency to be associated with trends in the mean temperature of the Northern Hemisphere and latitudinal temperature gradients as reported in the literature.
The Effects of γ-radiolysis on Solutions of Papain

SummaryHighly-purified papain was irradiated in atmospheres of oxygen, nitrogen and nitrous oxide. A simultaneous decline in papain activity and in the sulphydryl content was observed. By use of dithiothreitol the loss of enzymatic ability was separated into recoverable and non-recoverable parts. Amino acid analyses demonstrated that some non-recoverable damage consisted of oxidation of cysteine residues to cysteic acid. The remainder was by formation of products which, on hydrolysis in two different acids, yielded analyses indistinguishable from those for unirradiated enzyme. These products may include sulphenic acid and the results of disulphide interchanges incorporating the essential Cys 25. Similar but readily reducible products must account for the recoverable damage observed on radiolysis.
Thermal equation of state of silicon carbide

A large volume press coupled with in-situ energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray was used to probe the change of silicon carbide (SiC) under high pressure and temperature (P-T) up to 8.1 GPa and 1100 K. The obtained pressure–volume–temperature data were fitted to a modified high-T Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, yielding values of a series of thermo-elastic parameters, such as the ambient bulk modulus KTo = 237(2) GPa, temperature derivative of the bulk modulus at a constant pressure (∂K/∂T)P = −0.037(4) GPa K−1, volumetric thermal expansivity α(0, T) = a + bT with a = 5.77(1) × 10−6 K−1 and b = 1.36(2) × 10−8 K−2, and pressure derivative of the thermal expansion at a constant temperature (∂α/∂P)T = 6.53 ± 0.64 × 10−7 K−1 GPa−1. Furthermore, we found the temperature derivative of the bulk modulus at a constant volume, (∂KT/∂T)V, equal to −0.028(4) GPa K−1 by using a thermal pressure approach. In addition, the elastic properties of SiC were determined by density functional theory through the calculation of...
Online Court Records: Balancing Judicial Accountability and Privacy in an Age of Electronic Information

This article examines the traditional balance courts have reached between the disclosure of information generated by the judicial process and the need at times to limit the disclosure of that information. The article then examines how this traditional balance is upset when judicial information is placed online. The article argues that as courts adapt to a world of electronic information, new rules and practices must be established to maintain the policies underlying the traditional balance. While there must continue to be a presumption of openness, courts must limit the disclosure of judicial information when it threatens the effective administration of justice and when necessary in order to protect the safety and privacy of individuals participating in the judicial process.
Higher Dimensional Meta-State Analysis Reveals Reduced Resting fMRI Connectivity Dynamism in Schizophrenia Patients

Resting-state functional brain imaging studies of network connectivity have long assumed that functional connections are stationary on the timescale of a typical scan. Interest in moving beyond this simplifying assumption has emerged only recently. The great hope is that training the right lens on time-varying properties of whole-brain network connectivity will shed additional light on previously concealed brain activation patterns characteristic of serious neurological or psychiatric disorders. We present evidence that multiple explicitly dynamical properties of time-varying whole-brain network connectivity are strongly associated with schizophrenia, a complex mental illness whose symptomatic presentation can vary enormously across subjects. As with so much brain-imaging research, a central challenge for dynamic network connectivity lies in determining transformations of the data that both reduce its dimensionality and expose features that are strongly predictive of important population characteristics. Our paper introduces an elegant, simple method of reducing and organizing data around which a large constellation of mutually informative and intuitive dynamical analyses can be performed. This framework combines a discrete multidimensional data-driven representation of connectivity space with four core dynamism measures computed from large-scale properties of each subject's trajectory, ie., properties not identifiable with any specific moment in time and therefore reasonable to employ in settings lacking inter-subject time-alignment, such as resting-state functional imaging studies. Our analysis exposes pronounced differences between schizophrenia patients (Nsz = 151) and healthy controls (Nhc = 163). Time-varying whole-brain network connectivity patterns are found to be markedly less dynamically active in schizophrenia patients, an effect that is even more pronounced in patients with high levels of hallucinatory behavior. To the best of our knowledge this is the first demonstration that high-level dynamic properties of whole-brain connectivity, generic enough to be commensurable under many decompositions of time-varying connectivity data, exhibit robust and systematic differences between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.
Geriatric Cardiology: An Emerging Discipline

Given changing demographics, patients with cardiovascular (CV) disease in developed countries are now older and more complex than even a decade ago. This trend is expected to continue into the foreseeable future; accordingly, cardiologists are encountering patients with a greater number of comorbid illnesses as well as "geriatric conditions," such as cognitive impairment and frailty, which complicate management and influence outcomes. Simultaneously, technological advances have widened the therapeutic options available for patients, including those with the most advanced CV disease. In the setting of these changes, geriatric cardiology has recently emerged as a discipline that aims to adapt principles from geriatric medicine to everyday cardiology practice. Accordingly, the tasks of a "geriatric cardiologist" may include both traditional evidence-based CV management plus comprehensive geriatric assessment, medication reduction, team-based coordination of care, and explicit incorporation of patient goals into management. Given that the field is still in its relative infancy, the training pathways and structure of clinical programs in geriatric cardiology are still being delineated. In this review, we highlight the rationale behind geriatric cardiology as a discipline, several current approaches by geriatric cardiology programs, and future directions for the field.
Raman scattering of solvent in spectrofluorimetry

Objective:To investigate the regularity of the raman scattering of four commonly used solvents such as water,ethanol,chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in spectrofluorimetry and explore its effect on the measurement of the fluorescence of very dilute solutions.Methods:The most prominent raman bands of four solvents were recorded in the different exciting light with a spectrofluorimeter.Results:Water produced two prominent raman bands corresponding to shifts in frequency of 0.348 μm-1 and 0.172 μm-1 in the fluorescence spectrum.The frequency shifts of ethanol were 0.306,0.150 μm-1 and 0.075 μm-1,that of chloroform are 0.307 μm-1 and 0.155 μm-1.The frequency shift of carbon tetrachloride was not obtained,owing to the raman peak of carbon tetrachloride overlapped partly with the rayleigh band,and the relative intensity of the raman peak was also very weak.Conclusion:According to the definition of frequency shift,the relationship between the wavelength of the raman peak and frequency shifts,wavelength of the exciting light was established,λRaman=λex1-Δσ·λex.By this rule,the positions of the most prominent raman bands can be predicted.The interferences of the raman scattering on the excitation and emission spectra can be found.It plays a valuable role in selection of optimal wavelength in the fluorescent analysis.
Designing for Transient Use: A Human-in-the-loop Translation Platform for Refugees

Refugees undergoing resettlement in a new country post exile and migration face disruptive life changes. They rely on a network of individuals in the host country to help them rebuild their lives and livelihoods. We investigated whether technology could contribute to minimizing the vulnerabilities resettling refugees face. We designed Rivrtran, a messaging platform that provides 'human-in-the-loop' interpretation between individuals who don't share a common language. We report the findings from the deployment of Rivrtran to mediate communication between resettling refugee families in the United States and the American families they are paired with who serve as their mentors. Our findings suggest that scaffolding communication in such a way provides refugees one means of accessing diversified help outside their cultural group. Moreover human-in-the-loop interpretation may help to mitigate the effects of cultural barriers between those communicating. We establish the notion of designing for transient use in the development of systems to scaffold communication for short-term use by resettling refugees.
When a firm's centrality in R&D alliance network is (not) the answer for invention

Bridging three research domains, centrality in R&D alliance networks, knowledge transfer, and the determinants of firm invention output, we develop an interaction model explaining how the centrality-invention output relationship is contingent on the levels of firm inward and outward knowledge transfer. A positive interaction between inward and outward knowledge transfer enhances invention output. However, an invention dissipation effect occurs when central firms have low levels of inward and high levels of outward knowledge transfer. Our findings and implications for managing tensions between inward and outward knowledge transfer are based on an 18-year panel data set including 287 biopharmaceutical firms.
Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case Report.

Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be comorbidities that are difficult to treat. In this patient, an evidence-informed treatment pathway guided by laboratory biomarkers was used to address both conditions.
Row Spacing and Seeding Rate Effects on Canola Population, Weed Competition, and Yield in Winter Organic Canola Production

Increasing seeding rate and widening row spacing to allow for between row cultivation may reduce weed competition in organic canola (Brassica napus L.) production. Research was conducted to evaluate the effects of row spacing and seeding rate on canola population, weed competition, and yield in organic canola production. Canola variety Hornet was planted at five seeding rates (3.4, 6.7, 10.1, 13.4, and 16.8 kg ha–¹) at three row spacings (17, 34, 68 cm) in Goldsboro, Kinston, and Salisbury, NC, in 2011 and 2012. Between row cultivation was performed in the 68-cm row spacing as weather permitted. Canola population increased with increasing seeding rate across all row spacings, and canola populations were highest with the 17-cm row spacing, followed by the 34- then 68-cm row spacings. Yield was similar across row spacings at the lower seeding rates in five of the six environments. At these environments, yield tended to increase in the 17-cm row spacing as seeding rate increased but declined in the 68-cm row spacing with increasing seeding rate. In one environment with a unique weed community, weed suppression and yield were higher with the 68-cm row spacing. It was concluded that the yield plasticity of canola will provide producers flexibility in selecting row spacing, and seeding rate selections should be based on desired row spacing.
Electrical capability assessment for high wiring density organic interposer

Silicon and glass interposers provide a solution to keep scaling of C4 dimensions and chip-to-chip interconnect density by supporting high bandwidth. However there are still some challenges in the fabrication process and cost. As another alternative solution, organic material would be a candidate. In order to perform the feasibility study for allowable bandwidth with organic material, various electrical parametric analyses were performed assuming simple chip-to-chip bus connection in the region of less than 10 μm trace width. The results are indicating that the bandwidth with assumed organic material is comparable or more to one with SiO2 material and the trace width to obtain the bandwidth peak is 1-2 μm.
Pressure broadening calculations for OH in collisions with argon: Rotational, vibrational, and electronic transitions

Abstract Collisional parameters describing both the pressure-induced broadening and shifting of isolated lines in the spectrum of the hydroxyl radical in collisions with argon have been determined through quantum scattering calculations using accurate potential energy surfaces describing the OH( X 2 Π , A 2 Σ + )–Ar interactions. These calculations have been carried for pure rotational, vibrational, and electronic transitions. The calculated pressure broadening coefficients are in good agreement with the available measurements in the microwave, infrared, and ultraviolet spectral regions. Computed pressure broadening coefficients as a function of temperature are reported for these three types of transitions.
Lawyers' Obligations When Representing Clients With Diminished Capacity

Lawyers have a significant role to play in protecting clients with diminished capacity from financial exploitation. Clients with diminished capacity present significant challenges, and the existing rules might not provide every answer. Of course, the relevant jurisdiction’s ethical rules should always serve as a starting point, most likely at the jurisdiction’s equivalent of ABA Model Rule 1.14, Clients with Diminished Capacity. Though laudable in its goal to balance the competing interests and concerns, Rule 1.14 leaves much unanswered. Moreover, it is not the only source of ethical considerations concerning clients with diminished capacity. Thus, attorneys should refer to the “Four C’s” of legal ethics: (1) client identification, (2) conflicts of interest, (3) confidentiality, and (4) competence. In addition, the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys (NAELA) created a set of guidelines in 2005 – the “Aspirational Standards for the Practice of Elder Law” – to assist attorneys practicing in the area of Elder Law. The Aspirational Standards aim to fill in the gaps and answer questions that might not be fully answered by the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct and each state’s professional responsibility rules. Lawyers should conduct an integrated analysis that addresses the issues of client identity, multiple representation and conflicts of interest, confidentiality, and the interests of third parties to determine how to best represent the interests of the identified client. This article provides an overview of the issues that attorneys must consider to meet their ethical duties to clients who may suffer from diminished capacity. Section I provides an overview of the Four C’s of client representation, unpacking the ethical obligations and choices the attorney must make. Section II outlines the guidelines for representing a client with diminished capacity, focusing on keeping the relationship as normal as reasonably possible and, when protective action is needed, taking the least restrictive action possible.
Minimally Invasive Therapy for Upper Tract Urothelial Cell Cancer.

Abstract Minimally invasive therapy for upper tract urothelial cell cancer has assumed an important role in the management of this relatively uncommon genitourinary malignancy. In this review, current standards for patient selection, surgical approach, as well as overall outcomes will be discussed. Moreover, the use of intraluminal agents in upper tract disease is examined along with its efficacy and associated complications.
Apply analytical grid processing to sensor data collections

Computer security, information security and event management (SIEM) and non-event based raw data (NERD) is a feed activity for modern cyber domain network architecture. Each type of cyber domain such as Software Defined Networks, Virtualization, Service Orchestration or Cloud/Elastic computers, essential carryover characteristics. Each cyber domain might have slightly different properties. Enrichment NERD and SIEM models with Raw Activity Event Data allowed transformation the raw sensor flowing through the system into enriched data elements that are both descriptive and predictive in nature. This paper detail some scenarios for evidence collection, parsing, enrichment, the implementation k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) classifier as a proof of concept (POC) for Apache Metron cyber security framework. For anomaly detection on Hadoop, utilizing Data Lake, data science and machine learning algorithm indicate this is a viable approach towards collecting, analyzing sensor data and analytical grid processing in a complex and ambiguous environment.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEVERAL PROTEINS FROM TITYUS SERRULATUS SCORPION VENOM

ABSTRACT The soluble venom from the Brazilian scorpion, Tityus Serrulatus Lutz & Mello, showed 16 polypeptide bands by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It contained proteins with toxic and hyaluronidase activity but none with phospholipase, phosphodiesterase, protease, or fibrinolytic activity. Separation on glycinamidetreated Sephadex G–50 gave three fractions that were nontoxic, as toxic, and three times more toxic than the soluble venom. Separation of the toxic fractions on carboxymethyl–cellulose using phosphate buffers gave five toxic components, three of which were further purified to homogeneity. Toxin γ, the major and most basic toxin, is a 62–residue protein that unlike other scorpion toxins contains methionine.
Conclusion: New Opportunities

Many topics and results in the theory of hypernumbers and extrafunctions have been left beyond the scope of this little book as its goal is to give a succinct introduction into this rich and multilayered theory. Here we briefly describe some of these topics and results, articulating open problems and directions for further research.
LightDB: a DBMS for virtual reality video

We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.
Voice Activation and Control to Improve Human Robot Interactions with IoT Perspectives

Digital Voice Assistants are an emerging technology due to improvements on mobile communication and computing technologies. They became more popular in recent years, since marketing strategies on intelligent/smart-home devices. Home robotics are widespread their existence in the society to assist humans in various tasks. Majority of the applications on smart environments are relying on Internet of Things (IoT) devices that closely related with voice activation and control, which can be considered as a foundation of assistive and home robotics. Human-robot interaction is very important exercise in all robotic applications from home robotics to highly dangerous life threatening work environments that are on the focus of assistive robotics sector. Smart home assistants are relying on the base of processing verbal requests by looking for key words in the conversation, Amazon Echo and Google Home are the most well-known examples. These key words triggers the predefined skills, a computer program controlling this intelligent system, to fulfill the users requests. A simple structure of the process works both directions, between the user and the device by providing a verbal request and receiving a verbal feedback from the device. In this study, we built and tested a system, a humanoid robot torso deployed with an IoT device, to control and simulate the process of assistive robotic workload. We tried to improve the effects of human robot interactions to close the loop using an interactive functioning for grading its effectiveness.