cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Managing Borderline Personality Disorder on General Psychiatric Units

Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are at high risk of suicide and are frequently hospitalized in the acute setting of emotional crisis, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidal behaviors. Historically, patients with BPD have borne tremendous stigma and have tended to overwhelm providers and care systems. The reconceptualization of the pathophysiology and development of BPD in the context of a rapidly changing health care environment warrants examination of relevant psychotherapeutic and treatment principles. Through a case discussion, this article highlights several factors relevant to acute inpatient hospitalization of patients with BPD in an academic training environment in an effort to identify both the challenges and helpful treatment philosophies and practices to advance patient care and promote recovery.
A Common Binding Site for Actin-Binding Proteins on the Actin Surface

The dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, cytokinesis, and intracellular transport. A large number of actin-binding proteins (ABPs) participate in this process, regulating the assembly of actin filaments into functional networks. ABPs are extremely diverse, both structurally and functionally, but they most seem to share a common binding area on the actin surface, consistent of the cleft between actin subdomains 1 and 3. Actin itself is thought to interact in this cleft in the filament. As a result, part of the cleft becomes buried in F-actin by inter-subunit contacts, whereas another part remains exposed and mediates the interactions of various filamentous actin-binding proteins. The convergence of actin-binding proteins into a common binding area imposes enormous constraints on their interactions and could serve a regulatory function. Because the cleft falls near the hinge for domain motions in actin, binding in this area is an effective way for ABPs to “sense” the conformation of actin, in particular conformational changes resulting from ATP hydrolysis by actin or from the G- to F-actin transition.
Fish out of water: terrestrial jumping by fully aquatic fishes.

Many teleosts that live at the water’s edge will voluntarily strand themselves to evade predators or escape poor conditions—this behavior has been repeatedly observed in the field for killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes). Although most killifishes are considered fully aquatic and possess no obvious morphological specializations to facilitate terrestrial locomotion, individuals from several different species have been observed moving across land via a ‘‘tail flip’’ behavior that generates a terrestrial jump. Like aquatic fast starts, terrestrial jumps are produced by high-curvature lateral flexion of the body (stage one), followed by contralateral flexion of the posterior body (stage two). Here, terrestrial jumps and aquatic fast starts are quantified for two littoral teleosts: Gambusia affinis (a killifish, Cyprinodontiformes) and Danio rerio (a small carp, Cypriniformes) to determine if the tail flip is produced by other (non-killifish) teleosts and to test the null hypothesis that the tail flip is a fast start behavior, performed on land. Both Danio and Gambusia produce tail flip-driven terrestrial jumps, which are kinematically distinct from aquatic escapes and characterized by (1) a prolonged stage one, during which the fish bends, lifting and rolling the center of mass over the caudal peduncle, and (2) a relatively brief stage two, wherein the caudal peduncle pushes against the substrate to launch the fish into the aerial phase. The ability of these fully aquatic fishes to employ the same structure to produce distinct kinematic patterns in disparate envir onments suggests that a new behavior has evolved to facilitate movement on land and that anatomical novelty is not a prerequisite for effective terrestrial locomotion. J. Exp. Zool. 313A, 2011. & 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. How to cite this article: Gibb AC, Ashley-Ross MA, Pace CM, Long JH Jr. 2011. Fish out of water: terrestrial jumping by fully aquatic fishes. J. Exp. Zool. 313A:[page range]. Many teleost fishes that live at the water’s edge, such as the killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes), will leap out of the water to evade predators (Bayliss, ’82) or escape poor water conditions (Mast, ’15), voluntarily stranding themselves on land. Although such nonamphibious fishes must quickly return to the water or risk dying from asphyxiation or desiccation, most killifishes are fully aquatic and have no apparent morphological specializations of the postcranial skeleton to facilitate movement on land (Parenti, ’93). However, researchers studying the ecology and behavior of killifishes in the field have repeatedly observed these fishes performing a coordinated locomotor behavior—often described as a ‘‘tail flip’’—in response to both voluntary and involuntary stranding (Meeks, 1895, ’15; Goodyear, ’70; Seghers, ’78).
PATHS BETWEEN BANACH SPACES

Abstract. The Kadets path distance between Banach spaces X and Y is deﬁnedto be the inﬁmum of the lengths with respect to the Kadets distance of all curvesjoining X and Y. If there is no curve joining X and Y, the Kadets path distancebetween X and Y is deﬁned to be 1.Some approaches to estimates of the Kadets path distance from above and frombelow are developed. In particular, the Kadets path distances between the spacesl np ; p2½1;þ1 , n2 Nare estimated.2000 Mathematics Subject Classiﬁcation. Primary 46B20, 52A21, Secondary46B07, 54E35.1.Introduction. Path metrics (or inner metrics, or geodesic distances) are veryimportant objects in both classical geometry and metric geometry. See the books A.D. Aleksandrov [1], A. D. Aleksandrov and V. A. Zalgaller [2], L. M. Blumenthal [4],M. R. Bridson and A. Haeﬂiger [5], H. Busemann [6], M. Gromov [11], W. Rinow[21], J. J. Scha¨ﬀer [23], and A. C. Thompson [25], where such metrics are introducedunder diﬀerent names and in diﬀerent contexts.The general construction is as follows. Let M be a metric space with metric .Let x;y2 M and let f: ½0;1! M be a continuous mapping satisfying fð0Þ¼x andfð1Þ¼y. We call such a mapping a curvejoining xand y. The lengthof the curve fisdeﬁned assupX
Dynorphin immunoreactive fibers contact GnRH neurons in the human hypothalamus

Dynorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide, mediates progesterone-negative feedback on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in other species. The role of dynorphin in humans is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine if dynorphin fibers have close contacts with GnRH neurons in humans. Dual-label immunocytochemistry was performed on postmortem human hypothalamic tissue. The majority of GnRH neurons, 87.5%, had close contacts with dynorphin fibers and multiple close contacts were common, 62.5%. There were no regional differences between the hypothalamus and preoptic area in the distribution of close contacts. More close contacts were identified on the GnRH dendrites compared to the cell bodies (P < .001), but this difference was not significant when corrected for length. In conclusion, dynorphin fibers form close contacts with GnRH neurons in humans. This neuroanatomical evidence may suggest that dynorphin has effects on GnRH regulation in humans as seen in other species.
Effective Decision Making

Recall from Section 7.1, that for each decision problem E, there is a perceived competence set HD*(E), a collection of ideas, knowledge and skills for its effective solution. When the decision maker believes that he/she has already acquired and mastered HD*(E), he/she would feel comfortable and confident about making a decision. Otherwise, he/she would hesitate to make a decision, especially when it involves high stakes. The perception, acquisition and mastering of HD*(E) thus play important roles in determining how fast and how effective a decision is made and executed. These topics and their applications will be the focus of study in this chapter. In particular, we shall discuss decision cycles in Section 8.1; core of habitual domains in Section 8.2; learning processes in Section 8.3; classes of decision problems in Section 8.4; decision quality, confidence, risk taking and ignorance in Section 8.5; effective decision making in Section 8.6; and decision assistance in Section 8.7. In the appendix (Section 8.8), decision situations and competence sets are further explored.
GeneContent: software for whole-genome phylogenetic analysis

Summary: GeneContent is a software system to infer the genome phylogeny based on an additive genome distance that can be estimated from the extended gene content data, which contains the genome-wide information (absence of a gene family, presence as single copy or presence as duplicates) across multiple species. GeneContent can also be used to explore the genome-wide evolutionary pattern of gene loss and proliferation. Availability: Distribution packages of GeneContent for both Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems are available at http://xgu.zool.iastate.edu Contact: [email protected]
Selectivity Control in Gold‐Mediated Esterification of Methanol

The Midas touch: The low-temperature transformation of methanol to methyl formate, formaldehyde, and formic acid is promoted by atomic oxygen adsorbed on metallic gold (see picture). The reactions occur with O-containing Au nanoparticles formed on Au(111) upon oxidation with ozone at 200 K; the facile esterification to methyl formate occurs well below room temperature.
Exploring searcher interactions for distinguishing types of commercial intent

An improved understanding of the relationship between search intent, result quality, and searcher behavior is crucial for improving the effectiveness of web search. While recent progress in user behavior mining has been largely focused on aggregate server-side click logs, we present a new search behavior model that incorporates fine-grained user interactions with the search results. We show that mining these interactions, such as mouse movements and scrolling, can enable more effective detection of the user's search intent. Potential applications include automatic search evaluation, improving search ranking, result presentation, and search advertising. As a case study, we report results on distinguishing between "research" and "purchase" variants of commercial intent, that show our method to be more effective than the current state-of-the-art.
Torture and Liberal Democracy: Response to Levey

I am really grateful to Geoffrey Brahm Levey for his critical comments, which push me to try to make clear, first, why I claim that torture is not susceptible of democratic accountability in liberal democracies; secondly, where I believe the residue of deep insight in the Durkheimian argument lies; and thirdly, why I think we cannot rightly speak, or even whisper, of torture as a lesser evil.Torture and democratic accountability. Levey argues that torture can be rendered collectively accountable and that it is not different from other cases of political dirty hands on the democratic front. It could be subject to judicial oversight, for example, by ‘torture warrants’ in the manner of Dershowitz, or by the government or relevant minister being held accountable after the fact. He adds that states do not conceal torture because it is ‘inherently anti-democratic or unpopular’; on the contrary, today it appears ‘only too popular and open to democratic endorsement’.But I do not mean to equate democracy and popularity. Democracy is not simply majority rule; majorities can tyrannize over minorities and individuals, who need protection on democratic grounds. ‘Democracy’ names an ideal and we could either, like Schumpeter, revise the ideal in a ‘realistic’ direction or, like Dahl, while retaining the ideal as background, characterize real political systems as approximations to it, using other terms, such as ‘polyarchy’. Either way, one of the things which makes a modern state more rather than less democratic is the extent to which it incorporates institutional arrangements and mechanisms that secure a range of basic rights, protecting all, especially the most vulnerable, from arbitrary abuses of power.
The "Berkeley Wedge": an asymmetrical energy-capturing floating breakwater of high performance*

This research demonstrates the physical feasibility of constructing a single degree of freedom ocean-wave energy capturing device of extremely high efficiency, which serves also as an almost-perfect floating breakwater. The device consists of an asymmetric heaving floater and a power-take-off (PTO) system. A special geometry was first designed to have minimal effects from viscosity. As such, potential-flow analysis proved adequate for predicting the behavior of the device even in a real-fluid environment. Per ideal-fluid theory, at the heave resonance frequency, when the absorption damping of the PTO is matched with the radiation damping of the floater, an energy extraction efficiency of 96.34% can be achieved. At this high-efficiency condition, the transmitted waves beyond the floater are 12.5% of the incident-wave amplitude (or a mere 1.56% of the incident-wave energy). A working two-dimensional physical unit of 0.227m beam and 0.8m draft was designed and fabricated to work with the permanent magnet linear generator developed in (Yeung et al., 2012). The floater-PTO system was tested at The Model-Testing Facility of the University of California (UC), Berkeley. Experiments showed that when the PTO operates at even just 48% of the optimal damping, the device yields already an energy-capturing efficiency of 82%, with only 2% of the incident-wave energy transmitted. These latter values are in agreement with the theoretical predictions. Restraining lateral force and pitching moment are shown, as well as how wave energy is directed to the PTO.
Assessment of a new spermicidal agent against ejaculated dog and human spermatozoa in vitro

The spermatostatic potencies of a new vaginal contraceptive agent, RS-37367, and a standard surfactant compound, nonoxynol-9, have been compared by using ejaculated dog and human spermatozoa. RS-37367 was 25 to 50 times more potent than nonoxynol-9 against dog spermatozoa. Nonparallel concentration-response lines were obtained against human spermatozoa. Concentrations of RS-37367 causing immediate spermatostasis against dog spermatozoa resulted in vesiculation of the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes of spermatozoa; similarly, immediately spermatostatic concentrations of nonoxynol-9 were associated with the previously documented generalized membrane stripping. The activities of both RS-37367 and nonoxynol-9 were affected by the concentration of dog spermatozoa in semen-compound mixtures. Short-term (5-minute) exposure of spermatozoa to concentrations of RS-37367 not immediately spermatostatic resulted in progressive immobilization of spermatozoa. Extensive washing of the spermatozoa was not able to reverse this effect, in contrast to spermatozoa transiently exposed to nonoxynol-9.
A Tribute to Chancellor William T. Allen: Aspects of Law

The Seattle University Law Review has assembled a selection of articles in tribute to the career of Chancellor William T. Allen of the Delaware Court of Chancery. During his time as Chancellor he wrote more than 450 opinions with slightly over half in the area of corporate law. The articles compiled by the Seattle University Law Review and authored by Jesse A. Finkelstein, James C. Freund, D. Gordon Smith, and Eric Chiappinelli seek to capture Chancellor Allen's contribution to corporate law over his twelve years on the bench by delving into disparate aspects of Chancellor Allen's career. This article briefly describes the aspects of Chancellor Allen's career that each author addresses in their individual submissions. Each contribution offers an examination of a different aspect of Chancellor Allen's career on the bench. They are a collective appreciation of the work of Chancellor Allen, and serve as a welcome to him as he undertakes his academic career.
"A Philadelphia surgeon on a slaving voyage to Africa, 1749-1751".

Sometime during the late summer of 1749, probably in the month of September, William Chancellor of Philadelphia sailed as ship's surgeon aboard the sloop Wolf bound from New York on a slaving voyage to the coast of West Africa. His account of that voyage was recorded in a diary, one volume of which has survived and is now in the manuscript department of the Maryland Historical Society.1 Another volume, either lost or destroyed, evidently covered the period from September, 1749, t0 mid-May, 1750. Chancellor titled the surviving volume "Continuation of a Voyage from New York to the Coast of Africa in the Sloop Wolf Gurnay Wall Com mand1", in the Years 1749-50 & 51. "2 The earliest entry in the more than 100-page manuscript is dated May 18, 1750, and the last was recorded on May 10, 1751, when the Wolf anchored at New York City after a slaving expedition that lasted twenty months. Both the pagination and the chronology are incomplete. Six pages are missing, while in other instances Chancellor simply abandons his scheme of pagination?duplicate page numbers and pages bearing no number at all are scattered throughout the diary. Separate daily entries were made until Sunday, September 2, 1750; on that day for the first time Chancellor's remarks extend over a week. The chronology grows even more vague after Sunday, September 30, since Chancellor does not thereafter return to the practice of entering daily comments until March 3, 1751, which he then continues until the end of the voyage, that is, to May 10, 1751. Though one might wish that the complete Chancellor diary were available for study, nevertheless what has survived is of much value. It provides a fresh and detailed look at the African slave trade as
Congress Before the Lochner Court

This article examines the political history of the judicial review of federal statutes by the Lochner Court, in particular between the years of 1890 and 1919. In doing so, it situates this notorious Court within its political context and suggests the extent to which the Court was operating in cooperation, rather than in conflict, with other national political officials during this period. The article demonstrates that the invalidation of federal statutes rarely, if ever, pitted the Court against a clear majority of elected national officials. This article also exposes the more routine work that the Court does in exercising the power of judicial review, and suggests the value of that work.
Factors associated with the location of local rectal cancer recurrence and predictors of survival

The location of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) may influence survival. This study examines factors affecting the location of LRRC, the effect of LRRC location on survival, and predictive factors for survival in patients with LRRC. Patients undergoing initial proctectomy and subsequent management of LRRC at the Cleveland Clinic (1980–2011) were included. Data regarding index surgery, LRRC, and survival were obtained from a prospectively maintained database. One hundred and fifty-seven patients were identified with a mean follow-up 59.8 ± 50.1 months and time to LRRC of 31.7 ± 30.1 months. Sixty patients underwent surgery with curative intent. Anastomotic leak and retrieving less than 12 lymph nodes at index proctectomy were associated with posterior (P = 0.019) and lateral (P = 0.036) recurrences, respectively. Having an axial relative to an anterior, posterior, or lateral recurrence was associated with improved overall survival (P = 0.001). On multivariable analysis, undergoing primarily palliative treatment (OR, 5.2; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 3.2–8.4; P 60 years (OR, 1.9; 95 % CI, 1.3–2.7, P < 0.001), advanced primary tumour stage (OR, 1.5; 95 % CI, 1.1–2.1; P = 0.021), and anastomotic leak at index surgery (OR, 1.8; 95 % CI, 1.2–2.7; P = 0.008) were associated with reduced LRRC 5-year survival. The current study suggests that features of the primary tumour and technical factors at the time of index proctectomy influence both the location of LRRC and survival.
Exploration of Building-Occupant Communication Methods for Reducing Energy Consumption in Buildings

Buildings consume enormous amounts of our nation’s total energy use (38 %). Previous work showed that occupant actions and behaviors have significant impacts (more than 40 %) on building energy demand. Our main goal is to transform buildings into interactive living spaces that communicate with their occupants via agents and influence the way the occupants interact with their building to enable energy efficiency. As a first step towards this goal, we investigated effective communication methods aimed at influencing building occupants’ energy-related behaviors. We hypothesized that human-building communication would be more persuasive if the interaction is seen as more social. To investigate the influence of social influence methods (e.g., foot in the door, rule of reciprocity, and direct request) on occupants’ energy consumption behavior, experiments were conducted in which immersive virtual environments (IVEs) were used to model real-life office settings.
The Big Five, happiness, and shopping

Abstract This study assessed the relationships between the Big Five dimensions of personality and individual happiness with three indicators of shopping and spending for non-grocery items using a sample of 660 U.S. adults. The data from an online survey showed that all five of the Big Five traits correlated positively with self-reported happiness, even controlling for the effects of age and gender. Regression analysis showed, however, that the positive relationships between happiness and Agreeableness and Openness to Experience were no longer significant, indicating that they are real, but redundant to the other traits. The correlations also showed that happiness, Openness to Experience, and Extraversion correlated positively with the three shopping indicators. Finally, happiness appears to have a direct effect with shopping and mediates the influence of Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, and Extraversion on happiness.
Structural effects in the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism of Surface-enhanced Raman scattering: Dipole reradiation and rectangular symmetry effects for nanoparticle arrays

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement factors for Ag and Au sphere array structures are determined by rigorously including dipole reradiation in a T-matrix formalism. Comparisons are made with the more commonly used local field enhancement due to plane-wave excitation, |E(r0;ω)|2|E(r0;ωs)|2 which for zero Stokes shift is |E(r0;ω)|4 to determine the errors associated with this approximation. Substantial errors (factors of 10–100) are found for the peak enhancements at a scattering angle well away from the incident direction, but for backscattering, the errors are negligible. We also present |E|4 enhancement factors using a periodic boundary discrete dipole approximation method for several metal strip array structures, and we show that a certain combination of rectangular array structure and strip properties leads to electromagnetic enhancement factors for mixed photonic-plasmonic resonances that are considerably higher than can be produced with either square arrays or 1-D arrays based on the...
Sensitivity Analysis on the Values and Weights of Indices in Power System Black-start Decision-making

Determining the optimal black-start restoration strategy is one of the most important issues having impacts on the restoring speed of a power system after a blackout.However,some parameters employed in making the decision such as values and weights of some indices are difficult to be quantified or their variable domains are large,and as a result how to properly handle these parameters or study the impacts of the variances of these parameters on the decision-making result is an important issue to be examined.Given this background,the sensitivities of a black-start restoration strategy with respect to some parameters mentioned before are studied,and a method based on the simple additive weighting model presented for this purpose.The impacts of the variances of the values and weights of indices on the ranking of the black-start strategies are examined,and the sensitivity intervals which may lead to the change of the ranking obtained.The sensitivity analysis results could be a very useful reference for dispatchers in making the optimal decision-making of the black-start strategy,so as to take appropriate measures against the variances of those factors in the restoration process.Finally,a numerical example is used to demonstrate the developed method.
Develop the Tool Life Management Function Based on Fanuc Numerical Control System

This paper shows a real improvement example of the tool life management function on a vertical lathe with 18T Fanuc Numerical Control System.In order to obtain a friendly visual tool life management function,we create a tool life management PMC ladder subprogram with counter tracing the numbers of tool cutting supplied by Fanuc Numerical Control System.This paper provide us a solution for those CNC machines with similar Numerical Control system.
Scalp and Neck Masses

Scalp and neck masses are common problems in referral practice. An orderly approach to evaluation, beginning with a careful history and physical examination, establishes the diagnosis in most cases. Occasionally further tests are necessary, and resection or biopsy usually is required.
School Outcomes: Cognitive Function, Achievements, Social Skills, and Values

Over the last decade of the twentieth century, US students' education became a top national priority. This increased attention led to a plethora of reform efforts designed to affect positively student outcomes of schooling. However, as we argue in this article, the definition and measurement of ‘successful schooling’ outcomes are problematic. For example, despite data that indicate the positive effects of teachers and schools on students' learning, current curricular innovations designed to increase students' academic outcomes are typically based on atheoretical models and lack substantial empirical support. Further, current conceptions (and assessment tools) of what it means for schools to be successful are narrow and fail to include such valued noncognitive outcomes as democratic leadership and sense of civic-mindedness. Here, we discuss the need for new school-based research that addresses curriculum and instructional issues in order to advance theoretical understanding of student learning in school settings. Further, we argue that it is no longer possible to discuss ‘successful schooling’ on the basis of subject-matter outcomes alone. Effective schools research and policy discussions must include the measurement of subject-matter and non-subject-matter outcomes of schooling.
NX∙∙Y Halogen Bonds. Comparison with NH∙∙Y H-bonds and CX∙∙Y Halogen Bonds

Quantum calculations examine how the NH⋯Y H-bond compares to the equivalent NX⋯Y halogen bond, as well as to comparable CH/CX donors. Succinimide and saccharin, and their corresponding halogen-substituted derivatives, are chosen as the prototype NH/NX donors, paired with a wide range of electron donor molecules. The NH⋯Y H-bond is weakened if the bridging H is replaced by Cl, and strengthened by I; a Br halogen bond is roughly comparable to a H-bond. The lone pairs of the partner molecule are stronger electron donors than are π-systems. Whereas Coulombic forces represent the largest fraction of the attractive force in the H-bonds, induction energy is magnified in the halogen bonds, surpassing electrostatics in several cases. Mutation of NH/NX to CH/CX weakens the binding energy to roughly half its original value, while also lengthening the intermolecular distances by 0.3–0.8 A.
Evaluation of Point-Of-Sale Services: Problems and Prospects for Retailing

A recent development called electronic funds transfer (EFT) may move the banking community a step closer to a checkless society. EFT refers to a technological and organizational network that enables transactions to be initiated and executed with electronic impulses and machine comprehensible data. With these characteristics, EFT is seen as an alternative to the current paper based methods of cash and check payments. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the possible adoption of point-of-sale (POS) terminals by retailers.
The Proper Role of Marketing in the Development of an African Country

The importance of marketing to facilitate the economic and social development of the developing countries has long emphasized. The systematic use of marketing methodology has been lagging. A conceptual framework is suggested so that the application of marketing technology would be appropriate and idealogically acceptable for the socio-economic development of the developing countries. Nigeria is used as a case example.
Cell tower extension through drones: poster

Internet connectivity on mobile devices is an essential commodity in today's world. While outdoors, most people connect through cellphone towers on 3G or 4G. However, cellphone tower coverage is not uniform and is affected by electromagnetic shadows cast by large structures, multipath, and absorption by various surfaces. Users with high data needs suffer in such locations due to insufficient network bandwidth. A similar insufficiency can also be felt by flash crowds in locations with otherwise moderate signal strength due to division of the available bandwidth. We explore the possibility of using drones as a solution to this problem. The drones can hover with direct line of sight with a cellphone tower and extend cellular coverage into the weaker regions. Our idea is to use the knowledge of large structures in the area to compute the expected SNR space around the client's current location. We use ray-tracing techniques to compute the expected SNR in an area. We then verify its similarity with ground truth by measuring, at several locations on the ground, the received signal strength from a Wifi router on a drone.
Comprehensive Workup of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Comparing Targeted DNA Sequencing, Oligo/SNP Microarray and Higher Dimensional Flow Cytometry.

Abstract Abstract 2519 The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic diseases characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, cytopenias, and dysplasia in the erythroid, myeloid or megakaryocytic lineages. However, MDS can be difficult to recognize when blasts are not increased. Subtle phenotypic shifts in early MDS can be detected using higher-dimensional flow cytometry, by DNA mutation profiling, or by detection of a range of large and small genomic abnormalities by genome-wide SNP microarray. We compared the diagnostic potential of these 3 modalities in a group of 33 patients >50 years old referred for workup of cytopenia (17 blood, 16 bone marrow aspirate samples). Platforms compared were an oligo/SNP 2.6 million-probe microarray (Cytoscan HD, Affymetrix), a 161-amplicon targeted exome sequencing assay that includes TET2, ASXL1, EZH2, IDH1, IDH2, JAK2, KRAS, and NRAS (Ion Torrent protocol with PCR/product harvesting using Fluidigm Access Array), and flow cytometry using a 6-color, 22-marker panel and an 8-color, 26-marker panel (BD FACS Canto II). Nine patients had increased myeloblasts consistent with MDS (up to 20% in blood or 5%–20% in bone marrow)(Group 1), 23 had cytopenia(s) without increase in blasts (Group 2); an additional patient had a B-cell lymphoma. Group 1 patients all had aberrations detected by at least 1 of the 3 modalities (Table). In Group 2, 1 patient had unequivocal alterations by all 3 methods, 8 by 2 assays, and 6 by 1 assay; the other 9 patients had no unequivocal aberrations (Table). Copy-neutral loss of homozygosity (CN-LOH) of >10 Mb was the sole genomic aberration observed in 3 cases of cytopenia without an increase in blasts (affecting 5q, 7q and 20q), whereas others had losses/gains at chromosomal sites characteristic of MDS [i.e., partial 1q trisomy, del(5q), del(7q), +8, del(13q) and del(20q)]. Genes with mutations detected by sequencing Submicroscopic gene deletions or CN-LOH detected by array Flow cytometry abnormality Group 1: Cytopenia(s) with increased blasts (n=9) ASXL1 (2) TET2 (1) KRAS (1) EZH2 (1) JAK2 (1) BRAF (3) EZH2 (3) FLT3 (2) TP53 (2) RPS14 (2) EPO (2) ASXL1 (1) ETV6 (1) Myeloid maturation (9/9) CD56 expression (5/9) Group 2: Cytopenia(s) without increased blasts (n=24) TET2 (4) ASXL1 (2) KRAS (2) IDH2 (1) BRAF (2) EZH2 (2) TET2 (2) ASXL1 (1) ETV6 (1) RPS14 (1) EPO (1) TP53 (1) Myeloid maturation (9/24) CD56 expression (1/24) Among older MDS patients with cytopenias(s) but no increase in blasts, phenotypic and genomic profiling can frequently identify aberrations similar to those seen in higher-grade MDS. Locations of some submicroscopic deletions included loci commonly implicated in MDS pathogenesis. Detection of these aberrations in peripheral blood should facilitate the diagnosis of early MDS. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
A Stochastic Multi-agent Optimization Model for Energy Infrastructure Planning under Uncertainty in An Oligopolistic Market

This paper presents a mathematical model for analyzing long-term infrastructure investment decisions in a deregulated electricity market, such as the case in the United States. The interdependence between different decision entities in the system is captured in a network-based stochastic multi-agent optimization model, where new entrants of investors compete among themselves and with existing generators for natural resources, transmission capacities, and demand markets. To overcome computational challenges involved in stochastic multi-agent optimization problems, we have developed a solution method by combining stochastic decomposition and variational inequalities, which converts the original problem to many smaller problems that can be solved more easily.
Understanding creativity in the performing arts

Understanding creativity in the performing arts requires the convergence of multiple theories, along with a more integrative description to define creativity. Including concepts such as novelty, effectiveness/intentionality, authenticity, and aesthetics expands the narrow creativity definition. Theories such as heuristic assessment, geneplore model (generative and exploratory phases of the creative process), investment/propulsion theory, and the complex and integrative componential model and systems theory all promote the reality that creativity is the result of interacting factors. Other theories such as the Darwinian evolutionary model, complexity theory, distributed creativity, social networking, and small world theories capture the layers of creative interactions between the generators (composers, choreographers, playwrights) and the interpreters (musicians, dancers, actors). What makes the performing arts so unique is that audiences and performers collectively join in a group experience; perceptions can be altered for all involved.
Evaluation of Bifenthrin and Deltamethrin Barrier Sprays for Mosquito Control in Eastern North Carolina

Mosquitoes are a nuisance and potentially transmit pathogens causing numerous diseases worldwide. Homeowners and others may hire private companies to alleviate mosquito-related issues. Here, two pyrethroids (Suspend Polyzone [deltamethrin] and Bifen Insecticide/Termiticide [bifenthrin]) were evaluated on properties in North Carolina for 23 wk from 18 May through 19 October 2015. Properties were treated using backpack mist blowers every 21 d. At 17 fixed sampling locations, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention carbon dioxide-baited traps were deployed overnight once/week for the duration of the experiment. Oviposition traps were deployed weekly at the same locations. Differences were observed in mosquito abundance between neighborhoods, treatments, and weeks and differences varied between species. Mosquito abundance was generally significantly higher in traps placed on control properties (no insecticide) compared to traps placed on treatment properties. Bifenthrin and deltamethrin showed differences from each other in efficacy, but this varied between neighborhoods and species. Future studies could test the efficacy of barrier sprays at different application frequencies and/or in conjunction with weather monitoring. Coupled with regular mosquito surveillance and using integrated pest management principles, barrier sprays can be an effective tool for suppression of mosquito populations.
Impacts of an invasive plant are fundamentally altered by a co-occurring forest disturbance.

Invasive species frequently co-occur with other disturbances, which can impact the same ecosystem functions as the invader. Yet invasion studies rarely control for the presence of these other disturbances, although their overlapping effects may influence the direction and magnitude of impacts attributed to the invader alone. Here, we ask whether controlling for the presence of a co-occurring disturbance, as well as the time since disturbance, yields different values of an invader's ecosystem effects than when these factors remain unaddressed. We used a chronosequence of six forest stands at a single site: five logged stands that each contained paired invaded-uninvaded plots of the forest understory invasive grass Microstegium vimineum, as well as one unlogged and uninvaded control stand. By controlling for the presence of both logging and invasion, we untangled the effects of each through time. We found that the co-occurring disturbance of logging can dramatically alter the measured effects of M. vimineum by amplifying, dampening, negating, or entirely reversing the direction of the invader's impacts. During its period of peak impact, logging amplified the invader's positive effect on the size of the soil microbial biomass pool by 24%, reduced the invader's positive effect on soil water holding capacity by 5%, negated the invader's positive effect on the particulate organic matter carbon pool (from a 9% increase to no significant effect), and reversed the direction of the invader's impact on net nitrogen mineralization rate from a 51% increase to a 52% decrease. Furthermore, the influence of logging on the invader's impacts was not static, but dynamic through time. The results from our site therefore demonstrate that failure to account for the impacts of a co-occurring disturbance, as well as the time since disturbance, can result in flawed inference about the nature of an invader's effects. Future research should determine how widespread such flawed inference might be among other invasive species and across different environmental contexts. To help guide such research, we describe a general framework for disentangling the overlapping effects of invasions and co-occurring disturbances through time.
A Tale of Two Studies: The Best and Worst of YubiKey Usability

Two-factor authentication (2FA) significantly improves the security of password-based authentication. Recently, there has been increased interest in Universal 2nd Factor (U2F) security keys—small hardware devices that require users to press a button on the security key to authenticate. To examine the usability of security keys in non-enterprise usage, we conducted two user studies of the YubiKey, a popular line of U2F security keys. The first study tasked 31 participants with configuring a Windows, Google, and Facebook account to authenticate using a YubiKey. This study revealed problems with setup instructions and workflow including users locking themselves out of their operating system or thinking they had successfully enabled 2FA when they had not. In contrast, the second study had 25 participants use a YubiKey in their daily lives over a period of four weeks, revealing that participants generally enjoyed the experience. Conducting both a laboratory and longitudinal study yielded insights into the usability of security keys that would not have been evident from either study in isolation. Based on our analysis, we recommend standardizing the setup process, enabling verification of success, allowing shared accounts, integrating with operating systems, and preventing lockouts.
Reworlding Tunisia: sacrifice in post-revolutionary cinema

Sacrifice permeates narratives of revolution and of national identity. In the context of the 2011 Tunisian revolution, the visual trope of sacrificeas-legitimacy has accrued particularly strong dom...
Landscapes and resistance in the African diaspora: Five centuries of palm oil on Bahia's Dendê Coast

Abstract This paper examines the long-term development of palm oil landscapes in the northeastern Brazilian state of Bahia. In contrast to the agroindustrial monocultures that dominate global production, palm oil in Bahia emerges from a biodiverse cultural landscape constructed through five centuries of transatlantic socioecological exchange. Native to West Africa, African oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) diffused to the New World during colonial overseas expansion, becoming established in Bahia by the seventeenth century. There the palms helped form a complex cultural landscape that continues to supply local alimentary and spiritual demands for palm oil—an essential resource in many Afro-Brazilian cultural expressions. Extending approximately 70 km south of the capital Salvador, Bahia's traditional palm oil landscapes are now officially dubbed the Dende Coast (Costa do Dende), following the Kimbundu Bantu-inspired Afro-Brazilian term for palm oil. Historically colonial officials and elite Brazilians showed little interest in Bahia's palm oil economy, effectively conceding it to Afro-descendants until the mid-twentieth century. Since then, a series of modern development interventions have sought to transform the complex, biodiverse landscapes of the Dende Coast into a legible oil palm monoculture based on an improved hybrid variety. Yet despite recurrent top-down efforts, emergent or “subspontaneous” groves and traditional polycultural landscapes continue to dominate land use in the region. Drawing on ethnography, landscape interpretations, archives, and geospatial analysis, this paper analyzes the historical development of Bahia's palm oil economy, recounting five centuries of socioecological changes on the Dende Coast. The study integrates recent geographical treatments of the African diaspora with theories of complexity to comprehend the ongoing proliferation of Bahia's traditional palm oil landscapes despite top-down promotion of modern monocultures.
The Splitting Principle and the Geometric Weight System of Topological Transformation Groups on Acyclic Cohomology Manifolds or Cohomology Spheres

In this chapter, we apply the general theorems of Chapter IV to the important testing spaces of acyclic cohomology manifolds and cohomology spheres. Observe that, in the setting of topological transformation groups, there is a simple direct relationship between actions on acyclic cohomology manifolds and actions on cohomology spheres, which can be explained as follows. For a given action on a cohomology sphere X, there is a natural induced action on the cone of X, CI, which is an acyclic cohomology manifold. On the other hand, the restriction of an action on an acyclic manifold X to the complement of a fixed point x (if it exists) gives an action on the cohomology sphere (X - {x}). Hence, one need only treat one case and the corresponding result for the other case will follow automatically. In this chapter, we prefer to state the results for the case of acyclic cohomology manifolds because it is the directly applicable to the study of the local theory.
Novel Enzymes from Methylotrophic Microorganisms

In the course of our studies on methylotrophs, microorganisms that grow on methane and on other C1 compounds, we discovered that cell suspensions of methane-grown bacteria have the ability to oxidize gaseous 1-alkenes to their corresponding 1,2-epoxyalkanes, as well as to hydroxylate not only methane, but also the other gaseous alkanes (1). Thus, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, and butadiene are converted to expodies, and methand, ethane, propane, and butane are hydroxylated; both primary and secondary alcohol products were detected. The product epoxides are not further metabolized and they accumulate extracellularly.
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT ON FLAPPED HYDROFOILS IN CAVITY FLOWS AND WAKE FLOWS

Abstract : The purpose of the present experiments is to obtain a detailed information about the flow field, such as the pressure distribution, at the surface of a flapped hydrofoil in full cavity or wake flows. The model and the experimental procedure are described. The experimental results obtained have been used to compare with the theoretical predictions, to investigate the tunnel wall effect and to estimate the viscous effect at a sharp corner. An empirical method for correcting the tunnel wall effect is developed here, the validity of which is supported by tests with models of three different sizes. An appreciable viscous effect has been found near the hinge of a deflected flap. Except for this effect, the theory and experiments are found to be in good agreement.
Interactions between angiotensin-I converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and response of plasma lipids and coronary atherosclerosis to treatment with fluvastatin: the lipoprotein and coronary atherosclerosis study.

OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to determine whether angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism was associated with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its progression/regression in response to fluvastatin therapy in the Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study (LCAS) population. BACKGROUND Genetic factors are involved in susceptibility to CAD. Angiotensin-1 converting enzyme I/D polymorphism, which accounts for half of the variance of plasma and tissue levels of ACE, has been implicated in susceptibility to CAD and myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Angiotensin-1 converting enzyme genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fasting plasma lipids were measured and quantitative coronary angiograms were obtained at baseline and 2.5 years following randomization to fluvastatin or placebo. RESULTS Ninety-one subjects had DD, 198 ID and 75 II genotypes. The mean blood pressure, minimum lumen diameter (MLD), number of coronary lesions and total occlusions were not significantly different at baseline or follow-up among the genotypes. There was a significant genotype-by-treatment interaction for total cholesterol (p = 0.018), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.005) and apolipoprotein (apo) B (p = 0.045). In response to fluvastatin therapy, subjects with DD, compared with those with ID and II genotypes, had a greater reduction in total cholesterol (19% vs. 15% vs. 13%), LDL-C (31% vs. 25% vs. 21%) and apo B (23% vs. 15% vs. 12%). Definite progression was less (14%) and regression was more common (24%) in DD as compared with those with ID (32% and 17%) and II (33% and 3%) genotypes (p = 0.023). Changes in the mean MLD and lesion-specific MLD also followed the same trend. CONCLUSIONS Angiotensin-1 converting enzyme I/D polymorphism is associated with the response of plasma lipids and coronary atherosclerosis to treatment with fluvastatin. Subjects with DD genotype had a greater reduction in LDL-C, a higher rate of regression and a lower rate of progression of CAD.
Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide in Vascular Function

This chapter considers systems controlling the origins and mechanisms through which nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate vascular function. Oxidases in various cell types within and surrounding the vasculature such as endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and inflammatory cells are sources of NO and ROS that regulate vascular function through many processes controlling the activities of specific NO synthase (NOS) and oxidase enzymes. Each NO and ROS has specific chemical properties and interactions with enzymes and/or cofactors. Many of these interactions enable them to control signaling processes regulating the function of cells in the vasculature ranging from physiological mechanisms such as oxygen sensing, to many pathophysiological processes (increased pressure, shear, vascular disease-associated vasoconstrictors) altering the regulation of vascular function.