cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of simultaneous organic and inorganic dopants on the characteristics of triglycine sulfate (TGS) crystals

Effects of L-alanine+nickel and L-alanine+chromium are investigated on the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of TGS crystals. The crystals were grown by temperature lowering technique. Dielectric constant and pyroelectric coefficient measurements of these crystals are reported and compared with pure and L-alanine doped crystals. TGS crystals doped with chromium plus L-alanine and nickel plus L-alanine exhibit two to three times better materials figures of merit for pyroelectric infrared detectors over pure TGS crystals and L-alanine doped crystal. The Vicker's hardness of CrLATGS crystal was found to be two times of pure TGS crystals. Growth characteristics of these crystals are also presented.
Mechanism and Role of Insulin Receptor Endocytosis

Like many other cell surface receptors for nutrients and polypeptide hormones, the insulin receptor undergoes a complex endocytotic itinerary. Upon insulin binding, the receptor is activated as a tyrosine-specific protein kinase and autophosphorylates. This autophosphorylation is necessary for the receptor to internalize. After endocytosis, the ligand (insulin) and its receptor are dissociated. Most of the insulin is degraded, whereas the receptors are largely recycled to the cell surface. The signals in the receptor that control and specify its endocytotic pathway are beginning to be understood. Through the techniques of in vitro mutagenesis, noninternalizing receptors have been engineered and their structural and functional properties have been analyzed. For example, the immediate submembranous domain of the insulin receptor has been found to contain sequences (Gly-Pro-Leu-Tyr and, to a lesser extent, Asn-Pro-Gln-Tyr) that are necessary for normal endocytosis. Receptors deleted or mutated in these sequences retain tyrosine kinase activity but fail to undergo endocytosis. Unlike the better understood low density lipoprotein and transferrin receptors, however, these sequences are not sufficient for endocytosis. An insulin receptor with only these sequences exposed in the cytoplasm does not internalize. Tyrosine kinase activity is thought to be needed to lead to autophosphorylation and a conformational change that exposes the otherwise buried endocytosis sequences in the normally dimerized insulin receptor. Non-internalizing mutants of the insulin receptor have been used to examine the role of endocytosis in insulin action. It was found that an endocytosis-defective receptor could induce a short-term metabolic action of insulin (glycogen synthetase stimulation) as well as longer-term mitogenic effects of insulin. Furthermore, insulin action deactivated after the hormone was removed from the noninternalizing receptors. Apparently, endocytosis is not necessary for insulin action, but probably is important for removing the insulin from the cell so the target cell for insulin responds in a time-limited fashion to the hormone.
Alkaloid Screening of Panamanian Plants. I

AbstractThe Flora of Panama is one of the richest in the world (Schultes, 1972) as plants from South and Central America as well as from the Caribbean area can be found here. However, with the exception of research carried out by our group, the Panamanian plants have not been subjected to any form of systematic chemical or pharmacological study. As a part of our continuing interest in the unexplored National Flora, we initiated a screening program to make a preliminary selection of plants for future phytochemical studies, and to uncover new sources of phytoconstituents which may eventually be found to have biological activities. Our initial studies, reported at this time, involve screening the plant extracts for alkaloids.Plant collections were made over a period of about three years, beginning in 1973, from different parts of the country.
A CLASS OF FULLY NONLINEAR 2X2 SYSTEMS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

This paper is a study of certain fully nonlinear 2x2 systems of partial differential equations in one space variable and time. The nonlinearity contains a term proportional to {vert_bar}{partial_derivative}U/{partial_derivative}x{vert_bar} where U - U(x,t) {element_of} {Re}{sup 2} is the unknown function and {vert_bar}.{vert_bar} is the Euclidean norm on {Re}{sup 2}; i.e., a term homogeneous of degree 1 in {partial_derivative}U/{partial_derivative}x and singular at the origin. Such equations are motivated by hypoplasticity. The paper introduces a notion of hyperbolicity for such equations and, in the hyperbolic case, proves existence of solutions for two initial value problems admitting similarity solutions: the Riemann problem and the scale-invariant problem. Uniqueness is addressed in a companion paper. 10 refs., 10 figs.
Type 1 diabetes through two lenses: comparing adolescent and parental perspectives with photovoice

Parental support and care-coordination are vital for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in achieving positive health outcomes. Yet, studies are rarely designed to identify factors that influence parent/youth collaboration or how their perspectives about diabetes may vary. Photovoice was used to explore how adolescent and parental perspectives on T1D compare to identify factors that may influence care collaboration. A follow-up study was conducted where parents/caregivers of adolescents with T1D were prompted to take and explain five photos capturing what diabetes meant to them. Selection criteria included having a child 12–19 years with a diagnosis of T1D (≥2 years since onset). Thirty-three parents/caregivers participated (24 mothers, six fathers, two grandmothers, and one grandfather of 19 sons/14 daughters; mean age 15 years [±2.1]; mean disease duration 6 years [±3.3]). Content analysis was used to compare parent/caregiver photos with those captured by adolescents in a previous study with 40 youth participants (20 males/20 females; mean age 15 years [±1.9]; mean disease duration 6 years [±3.9]) through a method of constant comparison. Socioeconomic status was measured by household income and parental education. Glycemic control was captured by HbA1c. Mann-Whitney U testing was used to compare representations across demographic variables (202 youth photos, 153 parental photos). Over half of adolescents and parents took at least one photo of: (1) diabetes supplies (2) food (3) coping mechanisms/resilience and (4) disease encroachment. Parents and adolescents similarly framed food-related issues as a major source of frustration in diabetes care. However, narratives about diabetes supplies differed: adolescents framed supplies as a negative aspect of diabetes whereas parents tended to celebrate supplies as improving life. Also, images of disease encroachment differed: adolescents took photos of their bodies to depict how diabetes trespasses on their lives whereas parents took pictures of clocks to denote sleep disruption or exhaustion from constant care demands. Food-related issues and varying views on supplies may trigger diabetes-specific conflicts. Contrasting viewpoints about the most cumbersome aspects of diabetes may provide insight into differential paths for interventions aimed at offsetting the burdens of T1D for adolescents and parents.
Industrial Sales Force Selection: Current Knowledge and Needed Research

AbstractSelection of sales force members is a critical function of sales management from both time and financial perspectives, yet little published research specific to this function exists in the marketing and sales management literature. Research in personnel selection has emphasized examination of the relative importance of a few variables in a single decision context. This approach does not consider the possible effects of the multi-decision process presently used in sales force selection. This article presents a conceptual framework of the selection process, reviews the marketing, sales management, and relevant personnel selection literature, and considers necessary future research directions.
Active-adaptive Control of Acoustic Resonances in Flows

Several fluid flow problems related to propulsion and power generation exhibit strong acoustic resonances. Produced due to interactions of the acoustics with other underlying unsteady mechanisms such as unsteady heat-release or shear flow instability, these resonances manifest as large and sustained pressure oscillations. In addition to the obvious undesirable effect of high ambient noise and acoustic fatigue, these oscillations are coupled with other damaging effects such as excessive vibrations, high bum rates, lift-loss, and ground erosion. Compromises made in order to reduce these oscillations lead to departures from the desired operating conditions and can in turn result in suboptimal perfonnance with reduced heat-output, increased emissions, or decreased efficiency. Over the past few years, active control technology has been increasingly sought after to realize the desired performance metrics in these problems without encountering resonant behavior. In order to provide guaranteed and unifonn performance over a large range of operating conditions in the presence of various system uncertainties, it has been demonstrated in these problems that a model-based approach to designing the control strategy is feasible and scalable, and leads to a reliable and improved pressure reduction at the desired operating conditions. In this chapter, two examples of such fluid flow problems, combustion-instability and impingement-tones in supersonic flows, and their active control will be discussed. Models of the resonant mechanisms using both physically-based and system-identification principles are presented. In active-adaptive control of combustion systcms, Posi-cast control methods and their closed-loop performance in practical combustors are discussed. In active-adaptive control of supersonic impingement tones, a POD-based active control strategy and the corresponding experimental results from a Short Takeoff Vertical Landing (STOVL) supersonic jet facility at Mach 1.5 are presented.
Helping students with cognitive disabilities improve social writing skills through email modeling and scaffolding

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects of email modeling and scaffolding on the social writing quality of students with cognitive disabilities. Ten students from a university-affiliated lab school (mean age = 19.3; SD = 1.2) with an average of IQ of 55.30 (SD = 5.98) and 10 teacher candidates in a university teacher education programme participated in the study. The results suggest that all students with intellectual disabilities were able to holistically improve their social writing quality after exchanging emails with mature writers over a period of 15 weeks. Specifically, the students progressively showed various degrees of improvement in the areas of writing mechanics, lexical and syntactic complexity, writing cohesion, pragmatic propriety and writing motivation. However, the figurative use of language remained unaffected by the email modeling and scaffolding. Taken together, this study suggests that Internet-mediated formats, such as email, can reduce the anxiety of students with...
Localized Eutectic Trimming of Polysilicon Microhemispherical Resonating Gyroscopes

This paper describes a novel technique to permanently tune a frequency mismatch between degenerate modes of a polysilicon microhemispherical resonating gyroscope ( $\mu $ HRG) caused by fabrication imperfections with the potential to be implemented postpackaging. A systematic trimming algorithm is introduced to compensate for frequency mismatch and mode misalignment based on laser-induced silicon-metal eutectic formation. The stiffness changes are applied to the vicinity of the supporting post at the base of a hemispherical resonator, a region, which has not been previously studied for this purpose. Our numerical studies show the four-nodal point elliptical wineglass modes are highly sensitive to strain modifications around the post. The algorithm is developed and proven effective through finite element method simulations in COMSOL, where a significant reduction ( $> 10\times $ ) of the frequency split of the wineglass modes in an imperfect $\mu $ HRG has been achieved.
ARSENIC REMOVAL USING NANOMATERIALS

This paper reviewed the arsenic removal in water using nanomaterials.The nanomaterials included alumina oxide,ceria,iron,iron oxides,titanium dioxides etc and their hybrid materials.
Occupational exposure assessment and health status analysis of workers exposed benzene in jewelry processing industry in Luohu district of Shenzhen

[Objective]To study the effect of benzene occupational exposure on the health of jewel processing workers. [Methods]To understand the contamination status of benzene in working environment in jewelry processing industry,explore the influencing factors of the health of workers exposed benzene. [Results]The qualified rate of benzene concentration in workplace of the exposed group was increased from 41. 7% to 100% from 2007-2012. The incidence of fatigue,deterioration of the memory,conjunctiva irritation and finger skin degreasing in the exposed workers were higher than those in the control group( P 0. 05). Compared with the control group,the difference of leukocyte in blood routine examination in exposed group was statistically significant( P 0. 05).Leukocytopenia was positively correlated with gender,benzene exposure,age and the years of exposed benzene. [Conclusion]The benzene is harmful to health of the exposed worker in jewelry processing industry. Benzene exposure,gender,age,and the years of exposed benzene are the risk factors of leukocytopenia.
Obstetrics: basic equipment needs.

Methods of fetal evaluation and equipment needs are divided into antepartum and intrapartum time periods. Diagnostic approaches and methods of therapy which require basic equipment are described including ultrasound, amniocentesis, electronic monitoring, infusion pumps, fetal blood sampling, and newborn resuscitation.
Conversion of infrared light into usable energy

Light-matter interaction involving photons with large period τ of ~ 3 fs (10 -15 s) and above, i.e. infrared (IR) to microand radio-waves, displays interesting properties so far mostly unexplored. These photons indeed can produce voltages after activating charges or currents. For example, in the literature it is demonstrated that animals and plants neural system (which is similar to a system consisting of capacitors in series) can be stimulated by IR photons. Additionally, radio waves can activate currents in antennas. However, a systematic investigation of the voltages and currents produced, of the charge density changes, and of the number of photons involved is missing. Here we initiate the investigation of the voltages produced by a capacitor-type device. We shine broadband IR light in the middle IR region (MIR) at a power of 25 mW onto capacitors with capacitance C from 30 to 300 pF. We observe that the voltage produced increases with decreasing C while developing negligible temperature changes. Further increases can be obtained by increasing τ and, modestly, by deviating from normal incidence the angle of incidence θ between the IR light and the illuminated plate of the capacitor. Specifically, here we compare τ in the MIR and far IR (FIR) regions, and θ from 0° (normal incidence) to 45°. The effects of the power of the light will be explored in the near future. These results suggest that it is possible to harvest and transform IR, micro- and radio-waves into usable and sustainable electricity.
Shape memory alloy actuated accumulator for ultra-deepwater oil and gas exploration

As offshore oil and gas exploration moves further offshore and into deeper waters to reach hydrocarbon reserves, it is becoming essential for the industry to develop more reliable and efficient hydraulic accumulators to supply pressured hydraulic fluid for various control and actuation operations, such as closing rams of blowout preventers and controlling subsea valves on the seafloor. By utilizing the shape memory effect property of nitinol, which is a type of shape memory alloy (SMA), an innovative SMA actuated hydraulic accumulator prototype has been developed and successfully tested at Smart Materials and Structure Laboratory at the University of Houston. Absence of gas in the developed SMA accumulator prototype makes it immune to hydrostatic head loss caused by water depth and thus reduces the number of accumulators required in deep water operations. Experiments with a feedback control have demonstrated that the proposed SMA actuated accumulator can provide precisely regulated pressurized fluids. Furthermore the potential use of ultracapacitors along with an embedded system to control the electric power supplied to SMA allows this accumulator to be an autonomous device for deployment. The developed SMA accumulator will make deepwater oil extraction systems more compact and cost effective.
Quality assurance project plans - a key to effective cooperative monitoring programs

The use of cooperative monitoring programs, involving the co-mingling of data of the regulated community and the regulators, can lead to effective utilization of resources and contribute to cooperative solutions to our pollution control programs. Such benefits can only be realized, however, under controls which ensure the comparability and validity of data obtained through well-defined roles and work plans. A key to this control is the Work/Quality Assurance (QA) Project Plan developed cooperatively by the type of team reflected in the authorship of this paper, namely by federal, industry, and state/municipal representatives. A comprehensive Work/Quality Assurance Project/Work Plan Guidance document has been developed in the Office of Water, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which should effectively meet QA requirements for a wide range of users and types of water-monitoring tasks. This guidance document is designed to cover all aspects of water environmental measurement from field sampling through laboratory analysis and data reduction and, where applicable, computer input. The document integrates a work plan with a QA plan eliminating the dual effort of overlapping plan developments and assuring practical incorporation of quality assurance/quality control. In addition, the combination of the work plan and QA plan provides a comprehensive basis to establishmore » sound coordination and agreement for cooperative monitoring tasks. This guidance document is currently in pilot implementation throughout the US.« less
Applied Geotechnical Reliability Analysis

This paper builds upon a companion piece, “geotechnical profile estimation,” to illustrate applications of reliability analysis to geotechnical engineering. To this end, three case studies are discussed, each illustrating a different aspect of reliability analysis in application to geotechnical problems. The case studies are actual projects for which reliability analyses have been used in reaching decisions(1).
Auroral observations by the polar Ultraviolet Imager (UVI)

Abstract The Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) experiment on the Polar spacecraft has been operating since 21 March 1996, and is returning high quality global images of auroral activity. This article presents first images of global aurora from the UVI experiment. We discuss the capabilities of the UVI instrument and how the data can be used to study substorm physics. A preliminary survey of 80 days of UVI images indicates that the dayside auroral activity is intense and dynamic, and occurs as frequently as the nightside activity. These features are demonstrated using the images obtained on 9 April 1996 when the UVI observed simultaneous dayside and nightside activities.
E-031 Superselective Intra-arterial Chemotherapy Infusion in an 8 Week-old Infant

Introduction Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma has become standard as a therapeutic intervention to facilitate globe salvage in this aggressive malignancy. However, transfemoral endovascular catheterization of the ophthalmic artery is typically reserved for infants aged 3 months or older due to size of the patient and vascular anatomy. Here, the authors report a successful case of transfemoral intra-arterial chemotherapy delivery performed in an infant under 8 weeks of age. Case Advanced Group E retinoblastoma was diagnosed in an otherwise healthy 8 week-old infant weighing 4.1 kg and presenting with leukocoria. A microvascular sheath (4 F, 1.3 mm outer diameter) was placed in the right common femoral artery under ultrasound guidance. A 0.014” microcatheter was inserted directly through into the sheath without use of a guide catheter and navigated over a shaped 0.008” microwire under fluoroscopy into the ostium of the right ophthalmic artery. Melphalan 1.9 mg, Topotecan 0.3 mg, and Carboplatin 30 mg were infused through the microcatheter. Results The procedure was well tolerated and the patient was placed on weight-based lovenox for non-occlusive common femoral artery spasm diagnosed after the procedure by ultrasound. Follow-up examination under anesthesia showed good response to chemotherapy and the patient is scheduled for another session. Conclusion The authors report successful intra-arterial delivery of chemotherapy for advanced retinoblastoma via a transfemoral approach in a small, young infant. To our knowledge, this is the youngest and smallest infant reported to have successfully undergone this procedure. While typically reserved for older and larger patients, with proper technical expertise, transfemoral intra-arterial chemotherapy can be considered in such young infants. Disclosures S. Sur: None. B. Snelling: None. E. Peterson: None.
Essays in Household Finance and Bank Regulation

My dissertation focuses on topics in household finance and bank regulation. In chapter 1, I estimate the household consumption response to a predictable, quasi-permanent income shock. Credit card spending rises well before the positive shock occurs and then plateaus, suggesting that households are forward-looking and have enough liquidity to increase spending. This type of household behavior is found to be remarkably similar to the simulation of a modified buffer-stock model. The main conclusion is that households appear to be quite sophisticated in their consumption behavior, which has various policy implications. In chapter 2 (joint with Divya Kirti), we present a model that describes how different types of bank regulation can affect the likelihood of fire sales in a crisis. There are three main results. First, the design of capital requirements affects whether fire sales can occur in the recapitalization process. Second, the interaction between capital and liquidity requirements causes banks to become larger and can also make fire sales more likely. Third, mandatory equity issuance can be a useful policy for limiting fire sales, but only if binding. Collectively, our findings suggest that bank regulation may have a strong effect on the likelihood of fire sales. In addition, time-varying risk weights may more effective than time-varying capital requirements in preventing fire sales. In chapter 3 (joint with Todd Keister), we investigate whether policy makers should be permitted to bail out financial institutions during a financial crisis. We develop a model that incorporates two competing views about the causes of these crises: self-fulfilling shifts in investors’ expectations and deteriorating economic fundamentals. We show that – in both cases – the desirability of allowing intervention depends on a tradeoff between incentives and insurance. If policy makers can correct incentive distortions through regulation, then allowing intervention is always optimal. If regulation is imperfect and the risk-sharing benefit from intervention is absent, it is optimal to prohibit intervention. Our results show that it is possible to provide meaningful policy analysis without taking a stand on the contentious issue of whether financial crises are driven by expectations or fundamentals.
Recurrent Priapism in a Military Veteran Receiving Treatment for PTSD

ABSTRACT Introduction: For veterans struggling with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), symptomatic control often requires multiple psychotropic agents. We describe a case in which a young veteran experienced recurrent priapism while receiving treatment for PTSD with several medications, most notably trazodone and prazosin. Case Description: Our patient presented to the emergency department with priapism, approximately 3 months after beginning a pharmacologic regimen of escitalopram, prazosin, trazodone, and methylphenidate for PTSD. Detumescence was achieved, and he was instructed to discontinue trazodone. Approximately 1 month after discontinuation, he presented to the emergency department with recurrent priapism. Our patient had no obvious risk factors, including sickle cell disease, cocaine use, or utilization of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. After his second episode, our patient discontinued prazosin, and after 6 weeks had not experienced recurrence. Discussion: Food and Drug Administration...
Trends in Community Versus Health Care-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections.

Since the first clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was described in 1961, this pathogen has established itself as a leading cause of health care-associated infections. More recently, MRSA has become a relatively common cause of infection among persons without typical health care-associated risk factors and is now the most common cause of community-onset purulent skin and soft-tissue infections in many regions of the USA. The appearance of “community-associated” MRSA is not due to the expansion of health care-associated MRSA into the community but rather the result of the independent emergence of a novel clone of MRSA. There are some encouraging data to suggest that the incidence of MRSA infection, particularly invasive infections, is decreasing in the USA, but this pathogen remains a common cause of infection associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is ongoing need for effective and safe prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
Low-dark current III-V photodiodes grown on silicon substrate

InAlGaAs/InP p-i-n photodiodes epitaxially grown on silicon substrate with a dark current density as low as 1.3 mA/cm2 at −3 V are demonstrated. Responsivity, bandwidth, and output power at 1-dB compression are 0.76 A/W, 8 GHz, and −3.4 dBm, respectively.
Value-added biotransformation of cellulosic sugars by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The substantial research efforts into lignocellulosic biofuels have generated an abundance of valuable knowledge and technologies for metabolic engineering. In particular, these investments have led to a vast growth in proficiency of engineering the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for consuming lignocellulosic sugars, enabling the simultaneous assimilation of multiple carbon sources, and producing a large variety of value-added products by introduction of heterologous metabolic pathways. While microbial conversion of cellulosic sugars into large-volume low-value biofuels is not currently economically feasible, there may still be opportunities to produce other value-added chemicals as regulation of cellulosic sugar metabolism is quite different from glucose metabolism. This review summarizes these recent advances with an emphasis on employing engineered yeast for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic sugars into a variety of non-ethanol value-added products.
Neutrons provide the first nanoscale look at a living cell membrane

OAK RIDGE, TN, May 24, 2017—A research team from the Department of Energy's (DOE) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has performed the first-ever direct nanoscale examination of a living cell mem...
Emotion management, institutional change, and the spatial arrangement of care at a psychiatric residential treatment facility

At Psychiatric Residential Treatment Facilities (PRTF), the neoliberal reorganization of health and social care provision has come with increasing demands for financial efficiency, cost-containment, and evidence-based practices that affect workers’ performance of emotion management and their spatial relationship to the PRTF as a place of identity and connection. In this article, data collected via semi-structured interviews and autoethnographic methods are used to examine how long-term workers at a PRTF were affected by and responded to a merger that generated conflicts between the workers’ and new management’s values, norms of emotional conduct, and spatial understandings of the institution. The standard theories and analyses of emotional burnout in the human services argue that value conflicts between workers and organizations cause the former to withdraw from their clients. In contrast, drawing on Bolton's multidimensional theory of emotion management in the workplace, this paper finds that in the face of value conflicts and increased coerciveness in the workplace, certain dimensions of emotion management—namely workers’ engagement with one another and with the children and adolescents in their care—can become more apparently pleasurable and serve as sites of resistance and compensatory solace. Building on work on the geographies of care that troubles the boundaries between public and private space, this paper finds that long-term workers constructed the pre-merger institution as an “anthropological place” and coped with the new regime’s efforts to commodify it by reaffirming their relationships and memories.
Weed and insect management alter soil arthropod densities, soil nutrient availability, plant productivity, and aphid densities in an annual legume cropping system

Abstract Transgenic glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is cultivated throughout the United States. Soybean growth is influenced by the presence of weeds, although managing non-crop vegetation can potentially impact soil arthropods, which are being increasingly recognized for their impacts on soil health, plant growth, and above-ground trophic interactions. We investigated how weed management (weedy controls, hand-weeded, glyphosate herbicide) and soil insecticide (chlorpyrifos) application affected densities of soil arthropods, soil nutrient availability, soybean growth and yield, and densities of an above-ground herbivore on sandy and clayey soils for two consecutive growing seasons. The soil insecticide treatment was intended to lower densities of subterranean arthropods to gain insight into how their presence influenced other factors, although their densities were primarily reduced the first year of the study. Surprisingly, weed management and soil insecticide use had virtually no interactive effects on any response. Weed presence had a positive effect on soil K at the sandy site and on nodule density per unit root. Negative effects of weed management on plant growth and aphids were related to the presence of weeds rather than herbicide use. Reduced soybean aphid density (at the clayey site) and soil P availability (at the sandy site) were associated with insecticide treated plots. Conversely, several measures of plant productivity, including number of nodules per unit root, and root and shoot biomass increased in +insecticide plots compared to other treatments, although effect strength depended on year and location. Collembola were the dominant soil microarthropod, and their densities in 2012 were negatively associated with nodule numbers in 2013. One explanatory hypothesis is that increased plant growth in plots treated with insecticide was caused by altered soil arthropod-microorganism interactions, possibly affecting arbuscular mycorrhizae function. This work highlights the importance of management decisions that affect soil arthropods in annual legume production systems.
The AC4 Protein of a Cassava Geminivirus Is Required for Virus Infection

Geminiviruses (family Geminiviridae) are among the most devastating plant viruses worldwide, causing severe damage in crops of economic and subsistence importance. These viruses have very compact genomes and many of the encoded proteins are multifunctional. Here, we investigated the role of the East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV) AC4 on virus infectivity in Nicotiana benthamiana. Results showed that plants inoculated with EACMCV containing a knockout mutation in an AC4 open reading frame displayed symptoms 2 to 3 days later than plants inoculated with wild-type virus, and these plants recovered from infection, whereas plants inoculated with the wild-type virus did not. Curiously, when an additional mutation was made in the knockout mutant, the resulting double mutant virus completely failed to cause any apparent symptoms. Interestingly, the role of AC4 on virus infectivity appeared to be dependent on an encoded N-myristoylation motif that mediates cell membrane binding. We previously showed that EACMCV containing the AC4T38I mutant produced virus progeny characterized by second-site mutations and reversion to wild-type virus. These results were confirmed in this study using additional mutations. Together, these results show involvement of EACMCV AC4 in virus infectivity; they also suggest a role for the combined action of mutation and selection, under prevailing environmental conditions, on begomovirus genetic variation and diversity.
Reclaiming Rock Art: Descendant Community Investment in Australian and New Zealand Patrimony

Abstract visual culture, such as pictographs and petroglyphs can be difficult to interpret and contextualize for the general public, particularly as they hold significant religious or cultural value associated with the peoples who created them. Descendant communities, therefore, can play a prominent and important role in the interpretation, by reinforcing the meaning and significance behind the imagery as part of broader cultural movements or traditions. In New Zealand and Australia, two projects designed and managed by indigenous communities are helping to engage the public not only in an understanding of local and national rock art, but in its continuing conservation. The Te Ana Māori Rock Art Center in Timaru, New Zealand, and the Brambuk Aboriginal Cultural Center in Halls Gap, Australia both rely on the active investment of their respective indigenous communities to promote the wellbeing of heritage material and the continued conversation surrounding its creation. Also addressing issues of racism, colonization, and the forced removal of indigenous populations from their heritage landscapes, the projects interpret the historical material alongside modern ideas and perspectives, helping to initiate connections between the past and present.
Flexible Capacitive Humidity Sensor based on Fluorinated Graphene

A novel and flexible capacitive humidity sensor was successfully fabricated using additive screen printing process. A silver (Ag) ink was deposited on the polyimide substrate in interdigitated finger pattern using screen printing process. A humidity sensitive fluorinated graphene ink was drop casted on the Ag-based interdigitated electrodes. The capacitive response of the fabricated humidity sensor towards varying relative humidity (RH) levels ranging from 20% RH to 70% RH was investigated. An overall capacitance change of 311.5% was observed for the fabricated humidity sensor at an operating frequency and voltage of 1 kHz and 1 V, respectively. The effect of operating frequency on the sensor’s performance was also investigated. A decrease in the relative capacitance change was observed as the frequency of the applied electric field increases. A sensitivity of 311.5 %/%RH, 87.9 %/%RH, 61.7 %/%RH, 45.8 %/%RH, and 35.5 %/%RH was calculated for humidity sensor at frequencies of 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 20 kHz, 30 kHz, and 40 kHz, respectively. The fabrication details of the humidity sensor as well as its capacitive responses for varying humidity levels were analysed and reported in this paper.
H3K27me3-mediated PGC1α gene silencing promotes melanoma invasion through WNT5A and YAP

Oncogene-targeted and immune checkpoint therapies have revolutionized the clinical management of malignant melanoma and now offer hope to patients with advanced disease. Intimately connected to patients' overall clinical risk is whether the initial primary melanoma lesion will metastasize and cause advanced disease, but underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood. A subset of melanomas display heightened peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC1α) expression that maintains cell survival cues by promoting mitochondrial function, but also suppresses metastatic spread. Here, we show that PGC1α expression in melanoma cells was silenced by chromatin modifications that involve promoter H3K27 trimethylation. Pharmacological EZH2 inhibition diminished H3K27me3 histone markers, increased PGC1α expression, and functionally suppressed invasion within PGC1α-silenced melanoma cells. Mechanistically, PGC1α silencing activated transcription factor 12 (TCF12), to increase expression of WNT5A, which in turn stabilized YAP protein levels to promote melanoma migration and metastasis. Accordingly, inhibition of components of this transcription-signaling axis, including TCF12, WNT5A, or YAP, blocked melanoma migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. These results indicate that epigenetic control of melanoma metastasis involved altered expression of PGC1α and an association with the inherent metabolic state of the tumor.
Large-Scale Structure-Based Prediction of Stable Peptide Binding to Class I HLAs Using Random Forests

Prediction of stable peptide binding to Class I HLAs is an important component for designing immunotherapies. While the best performing predictors are based on machine learning algorithms trained on peptide-HLA (pHLA) sequences, the use of structure for training predictors deserves further exploration. Given enough pHLA structures, a predictor based on the residue-residue interactions found in these structures has the potential to generalize for alleles with little or no experimental data. We have previously developed APE-Gen, a modeling approach able to produce pHLA structures in a scalable manner. In this work we use APE-Gen to model over 150,000 pHLA structures, the largest dataset of its kind, which were used to train a structure-based pan-allele model. We extract simple, homogenous features based on residue-residue distances between peptide and HLA, and build a random forest model for predicting stable pHLA binding. Our model achieves competitive AUROC values on leave-one-allele-out validation tests using significantly less data when compared to popular sequence-based methods. Additionally, our model offers an interpretation analysis that can reveal how the model composes the features to arrive at any given prediction. This interpretation analysis can be used to check if the model is in line with chemical intuition, and we showcase particular examples. Our work is a significant step toward using structure to achieve generalizable and more interpretable prediction for stable pHLA binding.
Glocalizing Women’s Empowerment: Feminist Contestation and NGO Activism in Iran:

Through an ethnographic study of a women’s empowerment program in Tehran, and in-depth interviews with its workers, I examine the hegemony of liberal feminist conceptions of empowerment among secul...
Your Mouse is a Database: Web and mobile applications are increasingly composed of asynchronous and realtime streaming services and push notifications.

Among the hottest buzzwords in the IT industry these days is "big data," but the "big" is something of a misnomer: big data is not just about volume, but also about velocity and variety. The volume of data ranges from a small number of items stored in the closed world of a conventional RDMS (relational database management system) to a large number of items spread out over a large cluster of machines or across the entire World Wide Web.
Neutral flow interaction with a magnetic dipole plasma. I. Theory and scaling

The interaction between a high-speed neutral gas flow and dipole magnetized plasma is investigated theoretically to examine how mass, momentum, and energy are transferred to the plasma. Single-particle trajectory analysis reveals the existence of an ion-trapping region within which ions are born into closed orbits around the magnet, thus adding mass and energy to the plasma. Ion deceleration through trapping or deflection is analyzed to quantify momentum transfer to the magnetic field. The drag force and transfer rate of mass and energy from the flow to the plasma are found to scale with two dimensionless parameters: (1) a characteristic ion Larmor radius normalized by the magnet radius and (2) a characteristic neutral reaction rate normalized by the neutral gas rate of transit. The energy transfer rate is maximized at a specific reaction rate, above which increased reactivity rapidly decreases energy capture as the interaction moves away from the ion-trapping region. As the electron energy confinement time increases, there is a transition from a mode in which seed plasma is required to sustain the interaction to a high-density mode that is sustained primarily by mass and energy from the neutral flow. Two distinct flow-sustained regimes are identified that depend on the ratio of the effective ionization energy to kinetic energy of the neutral gas particles. One of the two regimes corresponds to the well-known critical ionization velocity phenomenon. The other, in which charge exchange collisions are the dominant energy transfer mechanism, has not been previously identified as a separate physical regime.
Sleep in Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is the most common motor disability of childhood. Children with cerebral palsy have a wide range of abnormalities that predispose them to develop sleep disorders, including anatomic and functional upper airway abnormalities, muscle spasms, musculoskeletal pain, contractures, and epilepsy. Among the more common sleep disorders described in children with cerebral palsy are sleep-related breathing disorders, disorders of initiation and maintenance of sleep, circadian rhythm disorders, hypersomnias, parasomnias, and sleep-related movement disorders. The development of sleep disorders in these children can have a significant impact on physical, emotional, and cognitive development with far-reaching consequences that also affect caregivers and families. Despite the substantial health consequences of sleep disorders in cerebral palsy, there is a lack of both awareness and applied clinical research in this field. As the multidisciplinary care and longevity of children with cerebral palsy improve, recognizing and addressing sleep disorders in these patients becomes an important component in improving and maintaining their quality of life. This book chapter aims to provide an overview to increase awareness of sleep disorders in cerebral palsy.
A NEW ALGORITHM FOR DECOMPOSING MODULAR TENSOR PRODUCTS

Let $p$ be a prime and let $J_r$ denote a full $r \times r$ Jordan block matrix with eigenvalue $1$ over a field $F$ of characteristic $p$. For positive integers $r$ and $s$ with $r \leq s$, the Jordan canonical form of the $r s \times r s$ matrix $J_{r} \otimes J_{s}$ has the form $J_{\lambda_1} \oplus J_{\lambda_2} \oplus \dots \oplus J_{\lambda_{r}}$ where $\lambda_1 \geq \lambda_2 \geq \dots \geq \lambda_{r}>0$. This decomposition determines a partition $\lambda(r,s,p)=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots, \lambda_{r})$ of $r s$ but the values of the parts depend on $r$, $s$, and $p$. Shifting focus to the multiplicities of the parts of $\lambda(r,s,p)$, write \[(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots, \lambda_{r})=(\overbrace{\mu_1,\dots,\mu_1}^{n_1},\overbrace{\mu_2,\dots,\mu_2}^{n_2},\dots, \overbrace{\mu_k,\dots,\mu_k}^{n_k}) =(n_1 \cdot \mu_1, \dots,n_k \cdot \mu_k),\] where $\mu_1>\mu_2>\dots>\mu_k>0$. Then $c(r,s,p)=(n_1,\dots,n_k)$ is a composition of $r$, from which $\lambda(r,s,p)$ can be computed easily. We present a new bottom-up algorithm for computing $c(r,s,p)$ directly from the base-$p$ expansions for $r$ and $s$.
Mindfulness, anxiety, and perceived stress in university students: Comparing a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) against active and traditional control conditions.

University students experience heightened levels of stress and are seeking mental health services with increasing frequency. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) may be an effective resource for ...
Reining in nasogastric tubes: Implementation of a pediatric bridle program.

Nasogastric tubes (NG) used for enteral nutrition support of medically complex children (MCC) are often inadvertently removed, risking frequent replacements. Bridles have been shown to provide a safe securement method for NGs in adult patients, but are not widely used in pediatrics. Furthermore, nutritional management of MCC is often fragmented. We established a pediatric NG bridle program to bridge the gap amongst disciplines and improve patient outcomes. In January 2018, a multidisciplinary work group involving nurses, physicians, clinical dietitians, advanced practice providers, and speech-language pathologists was established to develop criteria for patient referral and policies, procedures, and order sets for nutritional management of MCC children with bridled NG tubes. Formal teaching sessions engaged clinicians and administrators to participate in building a successful program. Relevant outcomes of interest are tracked continuously for process performance improvement measures and are reviewed quarterly by the core work group. Patient enrollment began in May 2018 and to date, 244 patients have been enrolled. Adhering to strict enrollment criteria, competency modules and review of patient status provided a solid core for the program and process review. Successful implementation of an NG Bridle program was achieved. Outcomes of interest continue to be monitored for process improvement. Balancing measures are also being tracked for potential downstream effects.
A comparison of emotional intelligence in traditional BSN and RN to BSN nursing students

Abstract Introduction In today's complex healthcare setting nurses need Emotional Intelligence abilities. Emotional intelligence competencies are not typically included as part of the curricula in most professional nursing programs. Pre-licensure BSN students and RN to BSN students have different characteristics and enter nursing school with different levels of clinical experience. The purpose of this study is to understand the differences in measured Emotional Intelligence between traditional BSN students (pre-licensure) and RN to BSN students. Method The researchers used a quantitative two-group between-subjects design to measure the differences in EI scores of pre-licensure students and RN to BSN students. Results The findings from this study indicate differences exist in EI abilities between pre-licensure and RN to BSN students. Total EI was significantly higher for pre-licensure BSN students compared to RN to BSN students. Additional branch score findings are found in the full manuscript. Discussion Based on the findings of this study, the integration of EI content throughout the associate degree, traditional BSN, and RN to BSN program curricula should be a priority.