cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Degradation of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Iron-Supplemented Cows’ Milk

The fate of [6-carbon-14] ascorbic acid in iron-supplemented and unsupplemented raw milk was studied by anion-exchange chromatography, which permitted quantitative analysis of the conversion of ascorbate to dehydroascorbate and diketogulonate as a function of time. Iron catalyzed an increase in the rate of autoxidation of ascorbate to dehydroascorbate but did not alter the equilibrium concentrations of ascorbate, dehydroascorbate, and diketogulonate. The conversion of ascorbate to dehydroascorbate and of dehydroascorbate to diketogulonate occurred rapidly even in unsupplemented milk. Thus, trace metal supplementation may not affect materially the vitamin C content of stored milk.
Resistin expression correlates with steatohepatitis in morbidly obese patients

Morbidly obese patients are at risk for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) even in the absence of risk factors for liver disease. Unfortunately, NASH is usually not clinically evident, and a definitive, noninvasive test for NASH does not exist. Resistin, a cytokine originating from adipose tissue, is involved in insulin resistance and also initiates proinflammatory signaling from hepatic stellate cells. This study explores the relationship between resistin expression and liver pathology in bariatric surgery patients. Blood samples from 30 patients undergoing bariatric surgery were collected. Total RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to quantify relative gene expression using 18s rRNA gene as an internal control. Wedge liver biopsies from these patients were sectioned and stained. Based on a previously published scoring method, biopsies were assigned an overall NASH severity score and subscores for steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Results were analyzed by using Student’s t test. Resistin mRNA levels ranged from 0.5 to 9.7. A group of five patients with very high resistin expression (>4) was identified. These patients had a significantly higher average NASH score compared with the rest of the group (7.9 vs. 4.48, p = 0.019). Steatosis and inflammation scores were significantly higher in the high-resistin group (p < 0.05 for both comparisons). There also was a trend toward higher fibrosis score in this group, which approached statistical significance (p = 0.051). In morbidly obese patients, high resistin expression in serum is associated with hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The development of elevated resistin expression may represent a link between obesity and the onset of steatohepatitis.
A Nonlinear Random-Coefficients Model for Degradation Testing

As an alternative to traditional life testing, degradation tests can be effective in assessing product reliability when measurements of degradation leading to failure can be observed. This article presents a degradation model for highly reliable light displays, such as plasma display panels and vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs). Standard degradation models fail to capture the burn-in characteristics of VFDs, when emitted light actually increases up to a certain point in time before it decreases (or degrades) continuously. Random coefficients are used to model this phenomenon in a nonlinear way, which allows for a nonmonotonic degradation path. In many situations, the relative efficiency of the lifetime estimate is improved over the standard estimators based on transformed linear models.
Starting, Strengthening and Managing Institutional Repositories

Over the past decade, the U.S. has experienced an explosion in the number of institutional repositories (IRs), from just more than 20 in 2002 to approximately 400 active repositories as of August, 2011. For any institution seeking to implement a repository, Jonathan Nabe has written an informative and practical manual, divided into two parts. Part I provides guidelines for starting and managing an IR, while Part II shares seven cases of actual IR implementations. Nabe starts with the premise that all IRs need to begin with a plan which includes the key ingredients of staff, funding and platform. In addition, he stresses that librarians are the most logical choice for managing an IR because librarians are well-versed in sharing information, seeking input and gathering feedback, and, in academic institutions, have established contacts within the faculty and staff.
The Inheritance of Carotenoid Pigment Systems in the Tomato.

N the tomato three types of fruit flesh color have long been known. The I red flesh (RRTT) of normal canning tomatoes is due to the presence of major quantities of the pigment lycopene. A minor quantity of beta-carotene is also present, as are traces of certain other carotenoid pigments. Yellowfleshed tomatoes (rrTT) are characterized by the lack of pigment in major quantities. Orange tomatoes (RRtt) of the Jubilee or Tangerine varieties, on the other hand, contain a mixture of carotenoids of which prolycopene and zeta-carotene are the principal components. Recently a new pigment type, orange in color, has been isolated (LINCOLN and PORTER 1950). Unlike the orange Tangerine type, this tomato contains largely beta-carotene with minor quantities of lycopene. LINCOLN and PORTER postulate that in beta-orange tomatoes the shift from red (lycopene) to orange (beta-carotene) depends primarily upon a single gene B which lacks dominance. When the present study was initiated the monohybrid segregations of R/r and of T/t were well established on a visual basis ( MACARTIIUR 1931, 1934). Moreover, considerable analytical information was available concerning the parent pigment types (LEROSEN, WENT and ZECIIMEISTER 1941 ; ZECHMEISTER, LEROSEN, WENT and PAULING 1941 ; LEROSEN and ZECHMEISTER 1942; NASH and ZSCHEILE 1945; PORTER and ZSCHEILE 1946a, 1946b). Crosses between r and t, however, had not been thoroughly analyzed, and crosses involving B and either Y or t had not been reported. The possibility existed that B might be an allele of either Y or t. FLEMING and ~!IYERS (1937) cite correspondence with MACARTHUR in which the latter suggested that crosses involving Tangerine orange (RRtt) and yellow (YYTT) produce a 9 red : 3 yellow : 4 orange (3 orange and 1 light orange) F2 ratio. From their own data, however, these authors suggested that the inheritance was considerably more complicated. Recently JENKINS and MACKINNEY (1951) have confirmed MACARTHUR’S prediction. Moreover, MACKINNEY and JENKINS ( 1949, 1952) have extended the analytical information with regard to parent types and have included an analysis of the segregants involving these two genes. The present work supports the data reported by MACKINNEY and JENKINS with respect to R and T, and in addition extends the analysis to include the gene B.
Role-based shared mental models

Roles have been used to form multi-agent theories to guide the construction of multi-agent architectures and systems. While the BDI (Believe, Desire and Intention) model emphasizes practical reasoning based on beliefs, desires and intentions, role-based multi-agent systems stress the concept of organization and thereby cooperation. In this paper, we present RoB-SMM, a role- based shared mental model. An important characteristic of our notion of role is that it includes the specific operations that an agent filling the role must perform in a specific setting as well as their ordering constraints. Taking this view on the definition of role has enabled us to present the responsibility of roles and construct individual agent's shared mental model. We also develop formal reasoning on the shared mental model in order to proactively provide help to other agents. Finally, we present two experiments that explore plan reusability of RoB-SMM and evaluate its efficiency in supporting teamwork.
MIMO Broadcast Channels with Channel Estimation

We consider a multi-user MIMO downlink where the transmitter has only estimates of the channel while the receivers have perfect channel information. The impact of channel estimation error on the sum rate is studied. It is shown that the sum rate saturates due to the inaccurate channel information. In order to maintain full multiplexing gain, the channel estimation quality has to increase with at least the square root of data SNR but there is no need to increase more than linearly with the SNR. With user scheduling, the sum rate scales at least M/2 log log K, where K is the number of users and M is the number of transmit antennas.
Evaluating a standardized measure of healthcare personnel influenza vaccination.

Background Methods of measuring influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) vary substantially, as do the groups of HCP that are included in any given set of measurements. Thus, comparison of vaccination rates across healthcare facilities is difficult. Purpose The goal of the study was to determine the feasibility of implementing a standardized measure for reporting HCP influenza vaccination data in various types of healthcare facilities. Methods A total of 318 facilities recruited in four U.S. jurisdictions agreed to participate in the evaluation, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, dialysis clinics, ambulatory surgery centers, and physician practices. HCP in participating facilities were categorized as employees, credentialed non-employees, or other non-employees using standard definitions. Data were gathered using cross-sectional web-based surveys completed at three intervals between October 2010 and May 2011; data were analyzed in February 2012. Results 234 facilities (74%) completed all three surveys. Most facilities could report on-site employee vaccination; almost one third could not provide complete data on HCP vaccinated outside the facility, contraindications, or declinations, primarily due to missing non-employee data. Inability to determine vaccination status of credentialed and other non-employees was cited as a major barrier to measure implementation by 24% and 27% of respondents, respectively. Conclusions Using the measure to report employee vaccination status was feasible for most facilities; tracking non-employee HCP was more challenging. Based on evaluation findings, the measure was revised to limit the types of non-employees included. Although the revised measure is less comprehensive, it is more likely to produce valid vaccination coverage estimates. Use of this standardized measure can inform quality improvement efforts and facilitate comparison of HCP influenza vaccination among facilities.
MHC class II antigen presentation and immunological abnormalities due to deficiency of MHC class II and its associated genes

Antigen presentation by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II molecules plays an important role in controlling immunity and autoimmunity. Multiple co-factors including the invariant chain (Ii), HLA-DM and HLA-DO are involved in this process. While the role for Ii and DM has been well defined, the biological function of DO remains obscure. Our data indicate that DO inhibits presentation of endogenous self-antigens and that developmentally-regulated DO expression enables antigen presenting cells to preferentially present different sources of peptide antigens at different stages of development. Disruption of this regulatory mechanism can result in not only immunodeficiency but also autoimmunity. Despite the fact that deletion of each of the three genes in experimental animals is associated with profound immunological abnormalities, no corresponding human diseases have been reported. This discrepancy suggests the possibility that primary immunodeficiencies due to a genetic defect of Ii, DM and DO in humans are under diagnosed or diagnosed as "common variable immunodeficiency", a category of immunodeficiency of heterogeneous or undefined etiology. Clinical tests for any of these potential genetic defects are not yet available. We propose the use of multi-color flow cytometry in conjunction with intracellular staining to detect expression of Ii, DM, DO in peripheral blood B cells as a convenient reliable screening test to identify individuals with defects in antigen presentation.
Impact of Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee and Total Hip Replacement

Objective:To evaluate the net clinical benefit of tranexamic acid use in patients undergoing total knee or total hip replacement.Methods:This is a retrospective study of patients undergoing total k...
Towards Mobile Handheld Imaging Devices

A new generation of smartphone accessories are emerging to support 2-d and 3-d printing and model creation. These mobile, handheld devices require continuous self-location with position accuracy approaching 0.001 inch, well beyond the capabilities of commercial, consumer-grade wireless positioning technologies. We consider the problem of accurately tracking the motion of a handheld device that provides free- hand, high-resolution image `drawing' while being swiped across a fixed planar surface. We review the capabilities and limitations of existing short-range localization technologies, including optical navigation sensors, ultrasonic positioning devices, and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU). We describe the testing apparati we constructed to establish the ground truth position of a device. We show how combining the complementary capabilities of these sensors can accurately locate a handheld device, potentially enabling a new class of smartphone imaging peripherals and applications.
AGGREGATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE FAMILIES OF IDENTICAL TWINS

The multiple relationships which exist within families of adult monozygotic (MZ) twins permit evaluation of genetic and environmental variance and provide a direct test of maternal effects. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured in 610 members of the families of 76 MZ twin pairs. Age and sex effects on BP were removed via a Z-transformation. Correlations for SBP were .72 for MZ twins and .23 for full siblings. Regression of offspring on single parent was .26. The husband-wife correlation was significant, but it was no higher than the resemblance of a twin to the spouse of his co-twin. Comparisons of maternal and paternal half-siblings provide no evidence of maternal influences on SBP. To evaluate whether familial resemblance of BP is mediated by body size, the original systolic pressures were adjusted by stepwise multiple regression of age, sex, height, weight and skinfold thickness. Adjusting BP for effects of body size reduced regression of offspring on mid-parent from .40 to .23. The authors conclude that familial aggregation of systolic pressure reflects additive genetic variance mediated, in part, by body size and augmented by social homogamy arising from non-random mating.
Ontology and Multi-Agent Based Intelligent Retrieval Model for Power Quality Monitoring Information

An intelligent retrieval model based on ontology and multi-agent for power quality monitoring information is proposed. Integrating ontology technique with multi-agent technique an intelligent retrieval model with four-layer alliance structure is established. Firstly, the functions of each layer in this model are described in detail; then a concrete constructing method for ontological knowledge base of power quality in the core of the retrieval model is expounded; finally through case analysis the implementation of the intelligent retrieval is illustrated. The agent alliance mode is applied in the structure of all layers in the retrieval model, so it conform to the requirement of intelligent retrieval; implementing users' retrieval requests by ontological knowledge base not only can improve the retrieval efficiency, but also can perform deep mining to basic retrieval information. Case analysis shows that using the proposed retrieval model the intelligent retrieval can be implemented quickly and efficiently.
Large Enhancement in High-Energy Photoionization of Fe XVII and Missing Continuum Plasma Opacity

Aimed at solving the outstanding problem of solar opacity, and radiation transport plasma models in general, we report substantial photoabsorption in the high-energy regime due to atomic core photoexcitations not heretofore considered. In extensive $R$-matrix calculations of unprecedented complexity for an important iron ion Fe xvii (${\mathrm{Fe}}^{16+}$), with a wave function expansion of 99 Fe xviii (${\mathrm{Fe}}^{17+}$) LS core states from $n\ensuremath{\le}4$ complexes (equivalent to 218 fine structure levels), we find (i) up to orders of magnitude enhancement in background photoionization cross sections, in addition to strongly peaked photo-excitation-of-core resonances not considered in current opacity models, and ii) demonstrate convergence with respect to successive core excitations. The resulting increase in the monochromatic continuum, and 35% in the Rosseland mean opacity, are compared with the ``higher-than-predicted'' iron opacity measured at the Sandia $Z$-pinch fusion device at solar interior conditions.
Extensions and enhancements for the DANNA neuromorphic architecture

Dynamic Adaptive Neural Network Arrays (DANNAs) are neuromorphic systems that have been developed for hardware implementation. They feature highly adaptive and programmable structural elements, which model artificial neural networks with spiking behavior. In this paper, we highlight the current hardware implementations of DANNA, including their features and functionalities. We conclude with future directions.
Void growth and resin transport during processing of thermosetting — Matrix composites

The fabrication of composite laminates having a thermosetting resin matrix is a complex process. It involves simultaneous heat, mass, and momentum transfer along with chemical reaction in a multiphase system with time-dependent material properties and boundary conditions. Two critical problems, which arise during production of thick structural laminates, are the occurrence of severely detrimental voids and gradients in resin concentration. In order to efficiently manufacture quality parts, on-line control and process optimization are necessary, which in turn require a realistic model of the entire process. In this article we review current progress toward developing accurate void and resin flow portions of this overall process model.
Applying Ion Mobility–Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Explicitly Identifying the Products of Cu(II) Reactions of 2His-2Cys Motif Peptides

The Cu(II) and pH titrations of four structurally similar 2His-2Cys motif peptides were investigated by electrospray ionization–ion mobility–mass spectrometry. The results provided insight into the pH dependent redox processes that took place in solution and identified the number of inter- or intramolecular disulfide bridges, the number of Cu(I) or Cu(II) ions, the deprotonation sites, and likely Cu(I/II) coordination of the various products. Competitive Cu(II) titrations of binary peptide mixtures at pH 5 indicated which species would preferably bind Cu(I) ions over forming the intramolecular disulfide bridge. Moreover, these reactions were pH dependent and included the formation of various multimers and multiple Cu(I/II) binding. For example, for the mildly acidic solution (pH ∼ 3–6) each monomer (whether it was free or in a multimer) primarily bound up to 3 Cu(I) ions, whereas at pH ∼ 8–11 the fully oxidized monomer or multimer (where all Cys formed a disulfide bond) primarily bound up to 2 Cu(II) ions...
In Memoriam: David L. Nanney (1925-2016): Tetrahymena Genetics Founder and Epigenetics Champion.

![David L. Nanney][1] David L. Nanney David Ledbetter Nanney, who passed away on June 4, 2016, was a distinguished geneticist, cell, and developmental biologist who founded Tetrahymena genetics and reinvented the word “epigenetics.” Nanney was truly a natural historian, with a gift for
Transport Effects on Capacitance-Frequency Analysis for Defect Characterization in Organic Photovoltaic Devices

Physical science relies on measurement, but what if measurements cannot be trusted? Capacitance spectroscopy, a common technique for studying defects in inorganic devices, has been adapted to probe organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs), yet without careful examination of its validity. The authors discuss conditions relevant to OPVs and show artifacts---including fictitious defects and spurious energy shifts---resulting from the low carrier mobility of organic materials. These findings will help to advance OPV technology, and offer fresh insight on the limitations of capacitance spectroscopy beyond OPVs.
A Review of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Lymphoma.

Chemotherapy remains the first-line therapy for aggressive lymphomas. However, 20–30% of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 15% with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) recur after initial therapy. We want to explore the role of high-dose chemotherapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for these patients. There is some utility of upfront consolidation for-high risk/high-grade B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and T-cell lymphoma, but there is no role of similar intervention for HL. New conditioning regimens are being investigated which have demonstrated an improved safety profile without compromising the myeloablative efficiency for relapsed or refractory HL. Salvage chemotherapy followed by HDT and rescue autologous stem cell transplant remains the standard of care for relapsed/refractory lymphoma. The role of novel agents to improve disease-related parameters remains to be elucidated in frontline induction, disease salvage, and high-dose consolidation or in the maintenance setting.
Spatial and frequency correlations in two-ray air-ground SIMO channels

The correlation between signals received on multiple antennas is a function of the channel(s) between them, and analysis of this is useful for spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing. In this paper we compute the correlations in both the spatial and frequency domains for a classical two-ray channel in a SIMO setting for an air-ground setting. We analyze this for the “pure” (deterministic) two-ray case, and also include results for the case where the two-ray channel incurs Ricean fading. After describing the setting and basic analysis, we show corroborating NASA measurement results for an air-ground over-sea channel. We show that both the spatial and frequency domain correlations are numerically computable, oscillatory functions, dependent upon link geometric parameters (antenna heights and link distance), surface electrical parameters, and frequency. With knowledge of these parameters, one can in principle select antenna separation and/or frequency separation to achieve diversity in settings where this classical channel model applies. This can be beneficial when narrowbeam (tracking) antennas that suppress the surface reflection are impractical to deploy.
The Bio-Cultural Evolution of Language and Prosocial Emotions

The first part of the chapter provides a definition of prosocial emotions based on an enactivist understanding of cognition and behavior and underlines the importance of mimesis for evolutionary social bonding. Then, relying upon Jordan Zlatev’s synthesis of the evolution of language and the framework of bio-cultural evolution, I trace the evolution of intersubjectivity and social norms among hominins during the Pleistocene Epoch. With the emergence of Homo sapiens about 200,000 years ago, symbolic languages gradually took the place of the proto-languages of our hominin ancestors. Language allowed early humans to imagine and communicate non-present worlds. A brief discussion of the mimetically based ritual culture of the BaYaka Pygmy tribes of Africa demonstrates how the proto-language modes of the Pleistocene Epoch continue to serve the socio-psychological needs of modern people.
Preservation of internal iliac arteries during endovascular aneurysm repair using “eye of the tiger” technique

Abstract Parallel endografts were introduced as a way to expand endovascular repair of aneurysms involving branch vessels. However, endoleaks as a result of the gutters between the parallel endografts made this technique less favorable. The "eye of the tiger" technique was introduced to reduce the gutters between the parallel endografts proximally in the aorta. We report endovascular repair of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm using eye of the tiger technique distally to preserve the internal iliac arteries.
A CASE OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION DUE TO ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT COMPLICATED BY OCCULT CHRONIC THROMBOEMBOLISM

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can occur in the presence of atrial septal defect (ASD) which is often asymptomatic. A 33 years old female gravida 1 prima 1 presents 2 weeks post-partum with progressive shortness of breath since delivery and hypoxia. Her past medical history includes dilated
Therapeutic Alliance and Outcome in Complicated Grief Treatment

In this study, we examined the role of the therapeutic alliance in complicated grief treatment (CGT), an efficacious psychotherapy for complicated grief. Using data from a previously reported randomized controlled trial, we explored whether the alliance–outcome relationship differs by treatment group among treatment completers assigned to either CGT (n = 35) or interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) (n = 34). Early alliance (at week 4) was associated with a reduction in grief symptoms in CGT but not IPT. The difference in the alliance–outcome relationship was accounted for by goal/task items on the Working Alliance Inventory. The contribution of a positive alliance, particularly the agreement on goals and tasks, may be more significant in CGT, a highly structured treatment, than IPT in reducing symptoms of complicated grief.
Male Breast Cancer: An Updated Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Data Analysis

Abstract Background Male breast cancer is rare and understudied compared with female breast cancer. A current comparison with female breast cancer could assist in bridging this gap. Although conflicting data have been reported on male and female survival outcomes, data from 1973 through 2005 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program have demonstrated that the improvement in breast cancer survival in men has fallen behind that of women. As treatment for breast cancer has improved significantly, an updated analysis using a contemporary population is necessary. Materials and Methods An analysis of SEER data from patients with a diagnosis of primary breast cancer from 2005 to 2010 were included. A Cox regression model was used to examine the association between sex and breast cancer mortality after controlling for prognostic factors, including age, race, marital status, disease stage, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, lymph node involvement, tumor grade, surgery, and geography. Subgroup analyses were performed by race and stage. Results We included a total of 289,673 breast cancer cases (2054 men) with a diagnosis from 2005 to 2010. The 5-year survival rate for male patients was lower than that for female patients (82.8% vs. 88.5%). After controlling for other factors, the risk of death in men was 43% greater than that in women during the follow-up period (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-1.61). Similar results were noted in the race and stage subgroup analyses. Conclusion In recent years, male breast cancer patients have had worse survival outcomes compared with those of female patients.
Building Healthy Cities

This chapter has reviewed the range of laws and government policies that affect the physical form of our cities. These laws and policies include mandates and prohibitions, incentives and subsidies, and direct government involvement, and they touch a broad range of issues including transportation, housing, schools, parks, and economic development. The chapter highlights that the health of urban residents is impacted both directly and indirectly by the built environment in which those residents live and work. As a result, the laws and policies that affect the built environment also affect health.
Point to Point and Multi-group Considerations

This chapter extends the protocols of Chap. 12 with mechanisms required for integrating group communication with point-to-point communication, and for dealing with large numbers of groups that might be extensively overlapped.
Producing Ottomans: Internal Colonization and Social Engineering in Ottoman Immigrant Settlement

In the past decade, historians of the Armenian Genocide have productively explored broader trends in Ottoman population politics to situate the genocide within the totality of Ottoman social engine...
Higher Education Programs

In this chapter, I describe recommendations for higher education to meet the needs of women who have left Mormon polygamous communities and are seeking to enter higher education. The primary factors affecting readiness for higher education for the participants in this study were formal education experience, perceptions of a need for education, non-academic experiences that contributed to readiness for higher education settings, and the development of an independent self-concept. These distinctions result in program recommendations that address the background experience and knowledge necessary for a higher education setting (academic, social, and cultural) and the sociohistorical implications of self-definition created by a polygamous upbringing.
Toxicity of slide dip application of five insecticides to apple aphid and spirea aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae).

A slide-dip bioassay using laboratory colonies revealed that apple aphid, Aphis pomi DeGeer, was more susceptible to esfenvalerate and methomyl, but less susceptible to azinphosmethyl than spirea a...
Preparing Students for Competent Use of Academic Testing Accommodations: Teachers’ Belief, Knowledge, and Practice

Existing research suggests that students with ADHD may not receive the expected benefit from some testing accommodations. One possible explanation for this lack of benefit might be that students do not receive adequate instruction in and practice with testing accommodations to make them effective. The current study was designed to investigate teacher belief, knowledge, and practices that may influence the competent use of academic testing accommodations on the part of students. An anonymous survey of current classroom teachers ( n = 240) representing the full range of roles and grade spans was conducted via social media platforms. Overall, teachers endorsed beliefs about testing accommodations most positively, followed by practice, then knowledge. Teacher role (i.e., special vs. general education teacher) and grade span taught were associated with beliefs, knowledge, and practice with regard to supporting competent student use of academic testing accommodations. Teacher training was positively associated with teacher knowledge regarding practices that are thought to best prepare students to use their testing accommodations with independence. These findings suggest that additional training may be needed, particularly for certain groups of teachers, in order to promote instructional practices that may improve the successful use of student academic testing accommodations. Subscribe to LDMJ
Our Money, My Secrets: Why Married Individuals Commit Financial Infidelity

The focus of this exploratory study was to identify reasons why married individuals commit financial infidelity. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to identify types of financial infidelity and other deceitful behaviors that occur in married relationships. This research also focused on establishing categories for conflict in the home and other secret information aside from financial infidelity. In addition to quantitative responses, a content analysis of open-ended survey questions was used to identify and code categories and themes in the written data (Strauss and Corbin in Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques, Sage, Newbury Park 1990). Two primary categories emerged that identify why married individuals commit financial infidelity: avoiding an argument and spending on self. In addition to the 10 categories of financial conflict published in Jeanfreau et al. (J Financ Ther 9(1):1–20, 2018), two additional categories emerged from the qualitative data: other debt and recreational purchases. Three categories and ten themes of secret information included: gone somewhere (food and friends, routine events, adult time), spent time with someone (work friends, friends, exes/affair partners), and additional secrets (not keeping secrets, health related information, ending the relationship, information related to exes or affair partners). Aside from financial issues, participants reported four categories of issues that caused the most conflict: time together, communication, health related issues, and extended family problems. Finally, the majority of participants reported sharing financial decisions with his or her spouse, having joint bank accounts and sharing expenses, and paying bills collaboratively. Findings highlight the need for marriage and family therapists to address healthy communication practices regarding finances and money management.
Not transplanting kidney donors with acute kidney injury: a missed opportunity?

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In the US, studies have shown a clear survival benefit of transplantation even when the recipients are HLA-incompatible with positive cross-matches, compared with remaining on the waitlist. However, organ shortage has been a universal challenge for the transplant field and the number of patients on the waitlist continues to rise. In order to expand the organ donor pool, several approaches have been taken, including kidney swap programs for [...]
Investigating the Potential to Deliver and Maintain Plasma and Brain Levels of a Novel Practically Insoluble Methuosis Inducing Anticancer Agent 5-Methoxy MOMIPP Through an Injectable In Situ Forming Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Formulation

Abstract A new indole based chalcone molecule MOMIPP induced methuosis mediated cell death in gliobastoma and other cancer cell lines. But the drug was insoluble in water and had a very short plasma half-life. The purpose of this work was to develop a formulation that can provide sustained levels of MOMIPP in vivo. Initial studies established drug solubility in various solvents. N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) was determined as an excellent solvent for the drug. Subsequently a poloxamer-407 based thermoreversible gel containing NMP was used to develop the formulation. Rheological studies were performed via oscillatory temperature mode, continuous shear analysis, and oscillatory frequency mode experiments. The mechanical properties of the formulations were tested using a texture profile analyzer. The gelation temperature and time of formulations increased with increasing amounts of NMP. However, the viscosity at 20 °C and storage modulus decreased as the amount of NMP increased. Characterization studies helped to identify the gel formulation that was used to administer the drug orally, sub-cutaneously, and intra-peritoneally. When the gel was given intraperitoneally the target plasma and brain levels of over 5 μM was maintained for about 8 h. Thus, a thermoreversible gel formulation that can deliver MOMIPP in animal studies was successfully developed.
Kepler’s Goat Herd: An exact solution to Kepler’s equation for elliptical orbits

A fundamental relation in celestial mechanics is Kepler's equation, linking an orbit's mean anomaly to its eccentric anomaly and eccentricity. Being transcendental, the equation cannot be directly solved for eccentric anomaly by conventional treatments; much work has been devoted to approximate methods. Here, we give an explicit integral solution, utilizing methods recently applied to the "geometric goat problem" and to the dynamics of spherical collapse. The solution is given as a ratio of contour integrals; these can be efficiently computed via numerical integration for arbitrary eccentricities. The method is found to be highly accurate in practice, with our C++ implementation outperforming conventional root-finding and series approaches by a factor greater than two.
A Food Safety Education Needs Assessment for Small-Scale Produce Growers Interested in Value-Added Food Production.

Production of value-added foods is of growing interest to small-scale produce growers. However, previous studies reported that they lack sufficient food safety awareness and have limited knowledge of applicable food safety regulations. Targeted food safety education can help to address these challenges. This study used focus groups and a combination of web-based and printed surveys to evaluate growers' attitudes toward and knowledge of value-added business and to assess their food safety education needs. A total of 136 Indiana produce growers participated in the study, including 38 focus group participants and 98 survey participants. Overall, growers were aware of the importance of food safety, with 78% of the survey participants agreeing strongly that food safety was a top priority in value-added businesses. Most survey participants (82%) self-reported being knowledgeable about food safety. Most were confident in their ability to run a successful value-added business. The top two barriers that hindered growers from learning about food safety were time limitations and an overwhelming amount of information. Growers preferred to receive additional educational materials on selling non-home-based vendor products, communication strategies with regulators and inspectors, and marketing strategies; they trusted the information from extension educators and university extension publications the most. This study guides the development of future food safety education programs for small-scale growers who are interested in establishing a value-added business.
P and/or E: That Is (Still) the Question (Or Is It?): Collection Development in a Post-pandemic World

While the question of whether to choose the print and/or electronic format of a given title is certainly not new, the circumstances in which we are making such decisions have changed, prompting many of us to reconsider collection development priorities. Three librarians share their observations in answering three interrelated questions: (1) How did limited access to print collections affect student research behavior and faculty expectations in the course of the pandemic? (2) What strategies have libraries adopted to provide access to print-exclusive content? and (3) What criteria do they use in determining whether print or digital format is more suitable for a given title? While electronic resources certainly offer advantages, those who make and/or inform collection development decisions would do well to consider potential pedagogical implications of format as well as the ways in which providing access to electronic format exclusively may affect our ability to serve library patrons beyond the seminary community, including alumni and local clergy.
Mass Migration under Sail: European Immigration to the Antebellum United States

Dr Cohn provides an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the economic history of European immigration to the antebellum United States, using and evaluating the available data as well as presenting fresh data. This analysis centers on immigration from the three most important source countries - Ireland, Germany, and Great Britain - and examines the volume of immigration, how many individuals came from each country during the antebellum period, and why those numbers increased. The book also analyzes where they came from within each country; who chose to immigrate; the immigrants' trip to the United States, including estimates of mortality on the Atlantic crossing; the jobs obtained in the United States by the immigrants, along with their geographic location; and the economic effects of immigration on both the immigrants and the antebellum United States. No other book examines so many different economic aspects of antebellum immigration.
Synthesis and reactions of organometallic complexes featuring a doubly-linked dicyclopentadienyl ligand

Complex lfT, [{(7-CsH3)2(SiMe2)2}Ru2(CO)4(^-H)], with a protonated Ru-Ru bond, was prepared as shown in the scheme. Although the proton in 1H* is acidic thermodynamically, it is deprotonated only very slowly (hours or days) by basic amines and phosphines. This remarkable kinetic inertness of the bridging proton allows amines to react with IFT by attacking the CO ligand to give a formamide and the CO-substituted product 2. Thus, protonation of the metal-metal bond in 1H* promotes reactions of the CO ligand that are not possible in the unprotonated 1. 1 Reproduced with permission from Journal of the American Chemical Society 2000,122, 6130-6131. Copyright 2000 American Chemical Society.
Can Students with Emotional and/or Behavioral Disabilities Improve on Planning and Writing in the Content Areas of Civics and Mathematics?.

Eight eighth-grade students identified as having emotional and/or behavioral disabilities participated in a multiple-baseline design study to assess the effects of teaching persuasive writing and a...
Predicting Mortality from Profiles of Biological Risk and Performance Measures of Functioning

While high-risk levels of individual biological and functioning indicators are predictive of adverse health outcomes, the use of measures that incorporate multiple measures is often a better indicator of current health and a better predictor of health outcomes than any single marker. Using the latent class approach and multiple markers indicating functioning across several physiological systems, this study groups individuals into risk classes for mortality. Participants age 60+ from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988–1994) were included (N = 3,120), and logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between the latent risk classes and 5-year mortality. The indicators examined included a number of biomarkers and measures of physiological and mental conditions. With the ten physiological indicators and five functioning/frailty indicators, individuals were categorized into four latent classes termed: no high-risk, high inflammation, high blood pressure, and high frailty. Compared to the no high-risk class, participants in the high inflammation and high frailty classes were 2.6 and 2.8 times as likely to die within 5-years of the initial exam (respectively); people in the high blood pressure class were 1.8 times as likely to die relative to the no high-risk class. Based on the ability of the latent class approach to predict 5-year mortality, we suggest that this approach to classifying individuals based on their biological and functioning indicators is an appropriate method for grouping people into classes indicating their risk of death.
Isolation and characterization of two cDNAs expressed in the Harderian gland of the anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis) (589.4)

The Harderian gland (HG) is a secretory gland in the eye of most land animals. Its structure has been studied, but little is known about the gland's actual function, which varies depending on speci...
Photometric calibration of the EUV spectroheliometer on ATM

This paper describes the derivation of the preflight photometric calibration of the UV spectrometer on Skylab. The calibration of the orbiting instrument through cross-comparison with two rocket instruments is discussed in assessing the observed changes in response to quiet solar regions during the mission. Formulas are presented for the determination of the instrument sensitivity, and an uncertainty of plus or minus 35% is assigned over most of the 296-1340-A wavelength range.
Modeling finite-memory nonlinearity in unit DAC elements, binary storage channels, and BPSK data channels

Spectral shaping of quantization noise can allow a few (or one) oversampled D/A converters restricted to two output levels, unit DAC elements, to replace high-resolution converters. In high-resolution or high-speed settings however, even the performance of systems with only two output levels can be limited by conversion-circuit nonlinearities that introduce quantization-noise intermodulation products into the signal band through nonlinear intersymbol interference (ISI). Nonlinear ISI also affects the communication and magnetic storage of data. Here a simple but very general model structure for such binary-in, analog-out nonlinearities is proposed. Curiously, its structure is that of a convolutional coder whose output bits are separately LTI filtered before being finally summed to form the analog output. The largest-energy filter responses have natural interpretations if this convolutional code is chosen carefully. One such code is presented here.
The αBB Approach for General Constrained Twice-Differentiable NLPs : Theory

In this chapter, we present the theory of the αBB global optimization approach for general constrained nonlinear optimization problems that are twice differentiable. Section 12.1 presents the formulation and an outline of the basic principles behind the αBB approach. Section 12.2 discusses (i) the underestimation strategies employed for special structure terms such as bilinear, trilinear, fractional, fractional trilinear and univariate concave terms, (ii) the novel convex underestimation functions for general nonconvex terms, as well as (iii) key theoretical results that provide the relation between the convex envelope and the maximum separation distance of bilinear terms, and the convex envelope and the maximum separation distance of the novel underestimators for general structure terms. Section 12.3 presents the overall convex underestimating functions, discusses the treatment of the equality constraints, and provides the convex lower bounding formulation. Section 12.4 focuses on novel and rigorous methods for calculating values of the a parameters that ensure convergence to the global minimum. Section 12.5 presents an example that illustrates the performance of different methods for the rigorous calculation of the α parameters. Section 12.6 presents the algorithmic steps of the αBB global optimization approach for general constrained twice differentiable NLPs. Finally, section 12.7 discusses the geometrical interpretation of the αBB approach through a highly nonlinear example. The material presented in this chapter is based on the work of Androulakis et al. (1995), Adjiman and Floudas (1996), and Adjirnan et al. (1998a).
Aging obviates sex-specific physiological responses to exercise.

Objectives Both sex and aging have been shown to affect physiological responses to exercise. The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether aging impacted the sex-specific nature of physiological responses to exercise commonly noted among young adults. Methods Ten aged men (69.0 ± 1.7 years; mean ± SE) and 10 aged women (71.6 ± 1.3 years) reporting similar levels of habitual physical activity performed a 30-min exercise session at 60–65% of their predetermined peak oxygen uptake. Cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, and metabolic variables were assessed before exercise, at the 15th and 30th min of exercise, and at 5 and 15 min into a passive postexercise recovery period. Variables of interest were statistically analyzed via two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures; significance was set at P < 0.05. Results Significant effects of time (i.e., exercise) for each physiological variable of interest were identified, but not once was a significant effect of group (i.e., sex) detected. Conclusions Exercise-induced physiological responses to prolonged, moderate intensity exercise were similar among aged men and aged women. This evidence that the sexually dimorphic nature of physiological responses to exercise is obviated with age should be taken into account when prescribing health-related exercise training programs for older individuals. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:215–221, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An internal timing probe for use in the MSU K1200 cyclotron

A probe was installed in the K1200 to measure the internal beam time structure as a function of radius. Using the fast rise times of a Si detector, which was specially cut to extend the active area to within 150 /spl mu/m of the detector edge, the time of arrival of the heavy ions on the detector is measured with respect to the accelerating RF voltage. Limited to count rates of several kHz, use of the detector requires attenuation of the injected beam, and permits studies of single particle beam dynamics.