cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Creative Cycle Processes Model of Spontaneous Imagery Narratives Applied to the Ayahuasca Shamanic Journey

Ayahuasca is an Amazonian psychoactive shamanic brew that often elicits spontaneous, intense, and meaningful imagery narratives related to psychological and physical healing, problem solving, knowledge acquisition, community cohesion, creativity, and spiritual development. My EEG and phenomenology ayahuasca research found it caused the greatest changes in EEG beta coherence from 25 to 30 cycles per second compared to a resting state before ayahuasca ingestion. Enhanced beta coherence indexes significantly greater information exchange between cortical regions and is congruent with the reported enhanced richness, complexity, and profundity of ayahuasca experiences. I developed the creative cycle processes model that identifies in ayahuasca reports distinct experiential change processes and describes how these processes, neuroscience, psychotherapy, mythological, and other transdisciplinary evidence can be coherently integrated to explain ayahuasca benefits. The model suggests three change process stages together underlie one emergent dynamic creative cycle process. The sequential stages are Form dismantling and healing processes, form creation processes, where novel forms spontaneously combine, and form expression processes, where emergent experiences are embodied. The model suggests that these three stages repeat cyclically in human development in an ongoing process of dismantling and generation producing more creative experiences and expressive forms.
Event-driven, role-based mobility in disaster recovery networks

One of the most important tools in understanding the complex characteristics of disaster recovery networks is simulation. While many mobility models exist for simulating ad hoc networks, they do not realistically capture the behavior of objects in disaster scenarios. We propose a high level event- & role-based mobility paradigm in which objects' movement patterns are caused by environmental events. The introduction of roles allows different objects to uniquely and realistically react to events. For instance some roles, such as civilian, may flee from events, whereas other roles, such as police, may be attracted to events. Furthermore, to incorporate reaction from multiple events in a realistic fashion, we propose a low-level gravity-based mobility model in which events apply forces to objects. Simulation results show that our disaster mobility paradigm coupled with our gravitational mobility model creates a network topology that differs from the popular Random Walk mobility model. This new disaster mobility model opens up the door for more realistic simulation of communication and routing protocols for disaster recovery networks.
Do Elementary Science Methods Textbooks Promote Understanding of Shadows

Elementary science methods textbooks can be an important resource for future elementary teachers of science. Since shadows are a common topic in elementary school and Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Lead States, 2013). A series of ten shadows concepts were formed into a learning progression by Wizman and Fortus (2007). For this research, ten science methods textbook were read and analyzed about how each of the shadow concepts were addressed. These methods textbooks focused on a limited number of shadow concepts. Consequently, as a future reference, they are very limited in addressing all ten shadow concepts.
A novel GaP/InGaAs/InGaSb triple junction photovoltaic cell with optimized quantum efficiency

The third generation photovoltaic technology mandates high efficiency and low cost. Efficiency will increase when the absorber becomes capable of absorbing more photons, leading to formation of excitons in the absorber. The proposed GaP/InGaAs/InGaSb triple junction solar cell is designed to convert more incident photons to electricity, executing higher internal quantum efficiency (IQE), promoting higher efficiency solar cells. The use of InGaSb (0.54 eV) as a bottom subcell layer empowers the collection of photons deeper in infrared spectrum. This paper presents the result of QE vs. wavelength of each subcell layer. We optimized IQE vs. wavelength by varying different parameters like thicknesses and diffusion lengths to attain higher efficiency and making the solar cells more cost-effective.
A Multi-Agent System for Autonomous Adaptive Control of a Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle

Biomimetic flapping wing vehicles have attracted recent interest because of their numerous potential military and civilian applications. In this paper we describe the design of a multi-agent adaptive controller for such a vehicle. This controller is responsible for estimating the vehicle pose (position and orientation) and then generating four parameters needed for split-cycle control of wing movements to correct pose errors. These parameters are produced via a subsumption architecture rule base. The control strategy is fault tolerant. Using an online learning process an agent continuously monitors the vehicle's behavior and initiates diagnostics if the behavior has degraded. This agent can then autonomously adapt the rule base if necessary. Each rule base is constructed using a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic evolution. Details on the vehicle, the multi-agent system architecture, agent task scheduling, rule base design, and vehicle control are provided.
Welcoming a Post-Doma World: Same-Sex Spousal Petitions and Other Post-Windsor Immigration Implications

In this Essay, I explore evolving notions of marriage and their impact on immigration law. In particular, the Supreme Court's decision holding section three of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) unconstitutional in United States v. Windsor has had profound and immediate effects on the immigration rights of same-sex couples.
It's (Not) Simply a Matter of Time: The Relationship Between CMC Cues and Interpersonal Affinity

Nonverbal, paralinguistic cues such as punctuation and emoticons are believed to be one of the mechanisms through which interpersonal relationship development takes place in text-based interactions. We use a novel experimental apparatus to manipulate these cues in a live Instant Message conversation. Results show a positive causal relationship of conversation duration and cue use on perceived affinity, and the relationship is contingent upon whether or not partners are able to see each other's cues. Further analysis of the dialogue reveals that reciprocity may play a central role in supporting this effect. We then demonstrate how one's cue use is influenced by a partner's cue use, and show that cues are often used in greeting and sign-off rituals.
Abstract 359: The T-Cell Negative Regulator, Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3, is Significantly Associated With SCARB1 Intronic Variant rs10846744 and Small HDL Particles

Objective: We previously reported a significant association of SCARB1 intronic rs10846744 in reducing odds ratio for incident coronary heart disease (CHD) within participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), which was independent of lipid levels. We have now explored the underlying molecular mechanism for this clinical association. Methods and Results: Adults between 18-80 years of age with fasting HDL-C levels ≥ 60 mg/dl (HALP) donated fasting blood for rs10846744 genotyping, lipid/lipoprotein measurements, and EBV-B cell lymphocyte culture. Using RNA Seq, we found that lymphocytes isolated from HALP carriers homozygous for the risk C allele had significantly lower RNA expression of MHC class II (82-fold lower, p<0.05) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3: a negative regulator of T cell activation) (5-fold lower, p<0.05) compared with carriers homozygous for the reference G allele. We next measured plasma soluble LAG3 (sLAG3) and observed that sLAG3 was significantly lower in carriers of the C allele (1722 ± 2983 pg/ml, 6-fold lower, p=0.009) compared with carriers of the G allele (11926 ± 1134). Given that traditional lipid levels did not attenuate the association of rs10846744 with CHD, we next determined whether sLAG3 associated with HDL subfractions as measured by NMR spectroscopy and 2D gel electrophoresis. As compared with GG carriers, CC carriers had significantly higher concentration of small HDL particles by NMR (24.8 ± 1.7 vs. 17.9 ± 0.8 μmol/L, p=0.0009, n=101) and by 2D gel electrophoresis (4.3 ± 0.5 vs. 2.0 ± 0.2, p=0.0002, n=63). For the entire cohort, sLAG2 was negatively associated with small HDL particles by NMR (p=0.02, n=98) and 2D gel electrophoresis (prebeta 2: p=0.04, n=59). Conclusion: This is the first observation that the SCARB1 intronic rs10846744 significantly associates with LAG3, and both are associated with higher concentrations of small HDL particles known to be linked to higher risk of CHD.
Nitrogen Dynamics in Two Created Riparian Wetlands over Space and Time

AbstractTemporal and spatial variations of nitrogen (N) soil storages and fluxes were examined at two 1-ha created riverine wetlands in the U.S. Midwest. Soil N content (total N, organic-N, NO3-N, and NH4-N), N accumulation rates, and soil C:N ratios were compared between the two wetlands constructed 15 years earlier (one was planted and the other left to naturally colonize). Differences in wetland soil N content and accumulation were also examined in relation to proximity of river input and relative to a range of topographic features related to wetland water depth. The planted and naturally colonized wetlands showed similar rates of N accumulation. However, differences were detected related to the content of mineralized forms of N (NO3-N and NH4-N) that may relate to the history of vegetation communities at these wetlands. Significant spatial variation of N accumulation was detected within the wetlands, with the highest rates found in the deeper open water communities compared to shallow emergent marsh/e...
Analysis of Mortality and Years of Life Lost of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease among Residents In Nanhu District of Jiaxing City from 2008 to 2013

Objective To explore the status of mortality of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Nanhu District of Jiaxing City from 2008 to 2013. Methods According to the date from death-surveillance system in Nanhu District of Jiaxing City from 2008 to 2013,mortality rate,standard mortality rate,potential years of life lost( PYLL),average years of life lost( AYLL),annual percent change( APC) were calculated to analyze the status and trends of mortality of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Results The crude death rates of cerebrovascular diseases were 110. 94 /100 000( standarded 70. 66 /100 000),accounted for 18. 02%of total death. Cardiovascular diseases were 61. 08 /100 000( standarded 39. 46 /100 000),accounted for 9. 92% of total death. The mortality of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases showed a sharp rise among the people over the age of 65. AYLL of cerebrovascular disease was 2. 69 years,and the YPLL rate was 2. 99‰. AYLL of heart disease was 3. 79 years,and the YPLL rate was 2. 32‰. The mortality of cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular diseases were on the rise,while the standardized mortality showed a declining trend. The standard mortality rate of cerebrovascular diseases showed a significant decline. Mortality rate and APC of cerebrovascular diseases were 1. 17% and-3. 15%,while heart disease were 3. 26% and-1. 12%.Conclusions Through advocating healthy lifestyle and regular physical examination may reduce the occurrence and mortality,improve the health life of the residents.
Nucleolar organizer regions as discriminators for the diagnosis of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

This study sought to determine whether nucleolar organizer region (NOR) counts might be of diagnostic use specifically in the frequently difficult identification of well-differentiated prostate cancer. Total silver-stained NOR (AgNOR) counts on sections were done in 50 consecutive nuclei from 22 cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma composed exclusively of Gleason grades 1 or 2 and in 50 consecutive nuclei in foci of benign glands on the same slide. Malignant nuclei contained a mean of 4.84 AgNORs; benign nuclei, 3.39 AgNORs. This difference was statistically highly significant (P < .0001), but there was considerable overlap of mean AgNOR counts between malignant and benign groups. Thus, to obtain a rule requiring a specificity of greater than 95% using the mean AgNOR count as a definition of malignancy, the maximum sensitivity possible was only 32%. Despite the overlap in mean AgNOR counts, however, in all but one case the mean count for malignant nuclei was greater than that for benign nuclei. This suggests that the diagnostic potential of AgNOR counts might be better realized by a comparison of counts between a suspicious focus and an adjacent focus of benign glands.
Phase 1b Trial to Evaluate Tissue Response to a Second Dose of Intravesical Recombinant Adenoviral Interferon α2b Formulated in Syn3 for Failures of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Therapy in Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

A phase 1b trial was conducted to evaluate the duration of interferon-alpha (IFNα) production after intravesical administration of recombinant adenovirus-mediated interferon α2b (Ad-IFN) formulated with the excipient Syn3. The primary aim was to determine whether a second instillation 3 days after initial treatment produced prolonged urinary IFN production. The study enrolled seven patients who experienced recurrent non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after bacillus Calmette–Guerin therapy. Each treatment consisted of intravesical instillation of SCH721015 (Syn3) and Ad-IFN at a concentration of 3 × 1011 particles/mL to a total volume of 75 mL given on days 1 and 4. The patients were followed for 12 weeks, during which the magnitude and duration of gene transfer were determined by urine INFα levels. Drug efficacy was determined by cystoscopy and biopsy, and patients who had no recurrence at 12 weeks were eligible for a second course of treatment. Seven patients were treated with an initial course (instillation on days 1 and 4). Two of the patients had a complete response at 12 weeks and received a second course of treatment. One patient remained without evidence of recurrence after a second course (total 24 weeks). One patient experienced a non-treatment-associated adverse event. Despite a transient rise in IFNα levels, sustained production was not demonstrated. Previously, Ad-IFNα intravesical therapy has shown promising drug efficacy. A prior phase 1 trial with a single instillation compared similarly with the current study, suggesting that a second instillation is not necessary to achieve sufficient urinary IFNα levels.
A mobile EMF sensor for appliance identification

This paper explores the feasibility of using a mobile electromagnetic field (EMF) sensor for appliance identification. This sensor uses the EMF radiated by appliances as a signature for appliance identification. It has been prototyped and implemented for data collection. Our mobile EMF sensor will be used for occupant-specific energy measurement in the later phase of the project. This phase, however, focuses on signal extraction and appliance identification using the EMF radiated by the appliances. Using data from the sensor, we compared the performances of k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Naive Bayes classifiers for signature extraction and appliance identification. These classifiers were trained and tested using spike train data obtained from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the EMF radiated by appliances. We obtained classification accuracies of 96.47% with k-NN and 94.86% with an SVM classifier.
Infrared spectral imaging of human cells and tissue: an approach to objective, machine-based histopathology

Human cells from different tissue types, and at different stages of disease, present slight differences in their infrared (IR) absorption spectra. Thus, IR spectroscopy offers the possibility of analyzing individual cells, or biopsy sections of tissues, for the presence of disease, based on totally objective measurements and computer-based analysis of the spectral information.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as a Complication of Nivolumab Therapy.

Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs, including PD-1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab, avelumab), and CTLA4 inhibitors (ipiliumumab), have emerged as important additi
Temperatures of Water in Household Refrigerators 1.

Temperatures of water exemplifying liquid foods in household refrigerators were determined. The mean of a.m. and p.m. observations with 11 different refrigerators was 3.6 C. Only two refrigerators showed a significant difference between a.m. and p.m. temperatures. Both the variance and range were surprisingly low in view of the limited previous published data. These results indicated household refrigerators have received too much condemnation for inadequate protection of quality of foods.
γ-Radiation “Aging” of Thin Film TiO2

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), a wide-bandgap semiconductor, has in recent decades been the subject of intense scientific study due to its photoactive properties.Â Although TiO 2 has been thoroughly researched in projects regarding applications of those properties, few, if any, have focused on how the electrical and structural properties change over long term exposure to damaging high energy radiation.Â This type of radiation can alter the atomic structure of the material which leads to changes in characteristic properties.Â Our present study seeks to understand the long and short term effects that exposure to high energy radiation has on TiO 2 . Â Â We exposed thin films of TiO 2 to a 137 Cs (661.8 keV) I³-radiation source for varying amounts of time.Â After irradiation, the structural, optical, and electrical properties were fully characterized to examine the impact of radiation exposure on this technologically important material.Â Â
Bayesian Nonparametric Clustering of Patients with Advanced Cancer on Anxiety and Depression

Bayesian nonparametric (BNP) statistical techniques are thriving in Machine Learning, yet they are not widely used in psychiatric research, in part because of a lack of accessible tutorials and statistical computing solutions for researchers who are often non-technicians. We wrote a program to carry out BNP cluster analysis. We applied it to psychological data collected in a randomized controlled trial comparing Individual Meaning Centered Psychotherapy (IMCP, n=109), Supportive Psychotherapy (SP, n=108) and Enhanced Usual Care (EUC, n=104) in reducing psychological distress and improving meaning making in patients with advanced and terminal cancer. A BNP cluster analysis identified 5 subgroups of patients with unique profiles of anxiety and depression scores before psychotherapy. Our findings show that cancer patients who report mild symptoms in both anxiety and depression are most likely to respond to IMCP as compared to EUC. Somewhat unexpectedly, patients with anxiety and depression both at an elevated level do not show the highest response. We aim to introduce BNP statistical techniques to behavioral researchers in psychiatry, using BNP cluster analysis in IMPC psychotherapy as an illustrative example, and discuss with other researchers how they may use it in their own work.
Proposed Reliable Gearless Machine for Magnetic Differential System

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been regarded as the cleanest and greenest road transportation for smart cities (Emadi et al. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 55(6):2237–2245, 2008, Hua et al. IEEE Tran Magn 51(3):8201805, 2015).
Mediational Pathways Among Trait Impulsivity, Heroin-use Consequences, and Current Mood State.

Background: This study examined whether lifetime heroin-use consequences mediate the relationship between trait impulsivity and three current mood outcomes: depression symptoms, stress levels, and ...
Molecular Studies on Bromovirus Capsid Protein: V. Evidence for the Specificity of Brome Mosaic Virus Encapsidation Using RNA3 Chimera of Brome Mosaic and Cucumber Mosaic Viruses Expressing Heterologous Coat Proteins☆

Abstract Brome mosaic bromovirus (BMV) and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) are structurally and genetically very similar. The specificity of the BMV and CMV coat proteins (CPs) during in vivo encapsidation was studied using two RNA3 chimera in which the respective CP genes were exchanged. The replicative competence of each chimera was analyzed in Nicotiana benthamiana protoplasts, and their ability to cause infections was examined in two common permissive hosts, Chenopodium quinoa and N. benthamiana. Each RNA3 chimera replicated to near wild-type (wt) levels and synthesized CPs of expected parental origin when co-inoculated with their respective genomic wt RNAs 1 and 2. However, inoculum containing each chimera was noninfectious in the common permissive hosts tested. Encapsidation assays in N. benthamiana protoplasts revealed that CMV CP expressed from chimeric BMV RNA3 was capable of packaging heterologous BMV RNA, however, at a lower efficiency than parental BMV CP. By contrast, BMV CP expressed from chimeric CMV RNA3 was unable to package heterologous CMV RNA. These observations demonstrate that BMV CP, but not CMV CP, exhibits a high degree of specificity during in vivo packaging. The reasons for the noninfectious nature of each chimera in the host plants tested and factors likely to affect encapsidation in vivo are discussed.
The Choice of Selection Objectives in Meat Producing Animals

In the breeding of animals used for meat production, the choice of biological objectives presumably should be guided primarily by their expected contributions to efficiency (E) in terms of lower total production cost per unit of animal product, C/U. Cost per unit seems more realistic than profit per breeding female per year, (U•V-C)/YI, because selling prices (V) for products tend toward a fluctuating margin above production costs, so that lower costs benefit consumers more than producers. The cost and the profit definitions of efficiency lead to the same performance rankings when product price (V) is constant, but selection programs deal with future reductions in relative cost per unit product when price per unit may decline correspondingly. Also note that discounting the value of future gains in efficiency for cumulative interest charges on capital used in breeding programs is justified only for the excess of interest rates over (steady) rates of currency inflation, since rates of inflation affect scales of both the interest and the future cost savings from improved efficiency.
TIA-1: Structural and Functional Studies on a New Class of Cytolytic Effector Molecule

Natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) can recognize and eliminate a wide variety of virus-infected or transformed target cells (Ritz et al. 1988; Trinchieri 1989). Although the surface receptors expressed by these effector cells are distinct, they appear to use similar cytolytic mechanisms in the elimination of their respective target cells (Henkart 1985; Podack et al. 1991; Tschopp and Nabholz 1990; Young and Liu 1988). Both NK cells and CTLs are characterized by their inclusion of cytoplasmic granules that are released in response to target cell recognition. Cytolytic lymphocyte granules are morphologically complex organelles that can either fuse with the plasma membrane, like secretory granules, or with phagosomes, like primary lysosomes (Burkhardt et al. 1990; Peters et al. 1991). Although cytotoxic granules are somewhat heterogeneous in structure, they typically contain one or more dense cores which are surrounded by multiple small internal vesicles (Burkhardt et al. 1990; Peters et al. 1991). The dense cores are the major reservoirs of secretory proteins such as perforin, serine proteases, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (Burkhardt et al. 1990). Smaller amounts of these proteins are found in a multivesicular domain of the cytotoxic granule which contains lysosomal proteins such as lamp-1, lamp-2, lgp-120, acid phosphatase and cathepsin D (Burkhardt et al. 1990). The multivesicular domain is made up of small internal vesicles that express T cell receptors and adhesion receptors on their outer surfaces (Peters et al. 1989).
Caregiver engagement in the behavioral health screening and assessment for child welfare-involved children: child welfare and behavioral health workers’ perspectives

ABSTRACTCaregivers are frequent sources of information of their children’s behavioral health and other service needs. It is particularly challenging to engage child welfare-involved caregivers who risk losing custody of their children. This case study explores how caregivers who were about to lose custody of their children engage in their children’s behavioral health screening and assessment from the perspective of child welfare and behavioral health workers. Using qualitative data collected via focus groups from child welfare and behavioral health workers, themes were identified related to the process of engaging caregivers in child behavioral health screening and assessment, determinants (both internal and external) for the caregiver engagement process, and how this process affected screening and assessment outcomes. Findings have implications for screening and assessing behavioral health needs of children involved with the child welfare system and recommended strategies to better engage caregivers in t...
Clinical manifestations and imaging findings of thrombosis of developmental venous anomalies.

Aim To determine clinical manifestations, imaging findings and outcome of patients with thrombosed developmental venous anomalies (DVAs). Materials and methods The radiology database was searched retrospectively for thrombosed DVAs between 01/01/2000 to 07/01/2016. Demographic variables, associated risk factors, clinical manifestations, imaging findings, treatments, and follow-up were recorded. Results Six patients were found (four female and two male; age range 16–45 years with mean age, 21.3 years). The most common clinical presentation was headaches followed by neurological deficits and seizures. Venous infarction, parenchymal haemorrhage, venous congestive oedema were noted as the radiological findings. Clinical outcome was favourable in all patients with complete recovery or persistence of mild neurological symptoms. Conclusion Thrombosed DVAs may occur under rare circumstances, which lead to variable symptoms. Familiarity with this entity and early recognition of associated findings including venous infarction, parenchymal haemorrhage, and venous congestive oedema would help early diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Visualizing pregnenolone sulfate-like modulators of NMDA receptor function reveals intracellular and plasma-membrane localization

Positive modulators of NMDA receptors are important candidates for therapeutic development to treat psychiatric disorders including autism and schizophrenia. Sulfated neurosteroids have been studied as positive allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors for years, but we understand little about the cellular fate of these compounds, an important consideration for drug development. Here we focus on a visualizable sulfated neurosteroid analogue, KK-169. As expected of a pregnenolone sulfate analogue, the compound strongly potentiates NMDA receptor function, is an antagonist of GABAA receptors, exhibits occlusion with pregnenolone sulfate potentiation, and requires receptor domains important for pregnenolone sulfate potentiation. KK-169 exhibits somewhat higher potency than the natural parent, pregnenolone sulfate. The analogue contains a side-chain alkyne group, which we exploited for retrospective click labeling of neurons. Although the anionic sulfate group is expected to hinder cell entry, we detected significant accumulation of KK-169 in neurons with even brief incubations. Adding a photolabile diazirine group revealed that the expected plasma membrane localization of KK-169 is likely lost during fixation. Overall, our studies reveal new facets of the structure-activity relationship of neurosteroids at NMDA receptors, and their intracellular distribution suggests that sulfated neurosteroids could have unappreciated targets in addition to plasma membrane receptors.
The challenge of determining appropriate care in the era of patient-centered care and rising health care costs.

Appropriateness of care is typically determined in the United States by evidence on efficacy and safety, combined with the judgments of experts in research and clinical practice, but without consid...
Iron(II) complexes of dimethyltriazacyclophane.

Treatment of the ortho-tri­aza­cyclo­phane 1,4-di­methyl­tribenzo[b,e,h][1,4,7]tri­aza­cyclo­nona-2,5,8-triene [(C6H5)3(NH)(NCH3)2, L1] with Fe[N(SiMe3)2]2 yields the dimeric iron(II) complex bis­(μ-1,4-di­methyl­tribenzo[b,e,h][1,4,7]tri­aza­cyclo­nona-2,5,8-trien-7-ido)bis­[(μ-1,4-di­methyl­tribenzo[b,e,h][1,4,7]tri­aza­cyclo­nona-2,5,8-trien-7-ido)iron(II)], [Fe(C20H18N3)4] or Fe2(L1)4 (9). Dissolution of 9 in tetra­hydro­furan (THF) results in solvation by two THF ligands and the formation of a simpler monoiron complex, namely bis­(μ-1,4-di­methyl­tribenzo[b,e,h][1,4,7]tri­aza­cyclo­nona-2,5,8-trien-7-ido-κN7)bis­(tetra­hydro­furan-κO)iron(II), [Fe(C20H18N3)2(C4H8O)2] or (L1)2Fe(THF)2 (10). The reaction is reversible and 10 reverts in vacuo to diiron complex 9. In the structures of both 9 and 10, the monoanionic tri­aza­cyclo­phane ligand L1− is observed in only the less-symmetric saddle conformation. No bowl-shaped crown conformers are observed in the solid state, thus preventing chelating κ3-coordination to the metal as had been proposed earlier based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Instead, the L1− ligands are bound in either a η2-chelating fashion through the amide and one amine donor (for one of the four ligands of 9), or solely through their amide N atoms in an even simpler monodentate η1-coordination mode. Density functional calculations on dimer 9 revealed nearly full cationic charges on each Fe atom and no bonding inter­action between the two metal centers, consistent with the relatively long Fe⋯Fe distance of 2.912 (1) A observed in the solid state.
Abstract WP334: Brain Permeable Iron Chelator HBED Improves White Matter Integrity After Traumatic Brain Injury

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes significantly to the overall disabilities and mortality in the United States and worldwide. Many distinct pathophysiological processes follow ...
Outcomes, care utilization, and expenditures in adolescent pregnancy complicated by diabetes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Adolescence and pregestational diabetes separately increase risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, but little is known about their combined effect. To analyze pregnancy outcomes, healthcare utilization, and expenditures in adolescent pregnancies with and without pregestational diabetes using a national claims database. METHODS Retrospective study using Truven Health MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database, 2011 to 2015. Females 12 to 19 years old, continuously enrolled for at least 12 months before a livebirth until 2 months after, were included. Pregestational diabetes, diabetes complications (ketoacidosis, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy), comorbidities, and pregnancy outcomes (preeclampsia, preterm delivery, high birthweight, cesarean delivery) were identified using claims data algorithms. Healthcare utilization and payer expenditure were tabulated per enrollee. Multivariate logistic regressions assessed pregnancy outcomes; multivariate OLS regression assessed payer expenditures. RESULTS About 33 502 adolescents were included. Adolescents without diabetes had pregnancy outcomes consistent with national estimates. Adolescents with uncomplicated diabetes had increased odds of preeclampsia adjusted odds ratios 2.41 (95% confidence interval 1.93-3.02), preterm delivery 1.50 (1.21-1.87), high birthweight 1.84 (1.50-2.27), and cesarean delivery 1.81 (1.52-2.15). Diabetes with ketoacidosis and/or end-organ damage had higher odds of preeclampsia 5.62 (2.77-11.41), preterm delivery 5.81 (3.00-11.25), high birthweight 2.38 (1.08-5.24), and cesarean delivery 3.43 (1.78-6.64). Adolescents with diabetes utilized significantly more outpatient and inpatient care during pregnancy. Payer expenditures increased by 45.3% (34.8-55.9%) among adolescents with diabetes and by 82.6% (49.1-116.0%) among adolescents with diabetes complicated by ketoacidosis and/or end-organ damage. CONCLUSION Compared with normal adolescent pregnancies, pregestational diabetes significantly increases risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes and significantly escalates healthcare utilization and cost.
Impact of data bin size on the classification of diesel fuels using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with principal component analysis.

Abstract Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely applied chemometric tool for classifying samples using comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography (GC × GC) separation data. Classification via PCA can be improved by 2D binning of the data. A “standard operating procedure (SOP) bin size” is often applied to improve the S/N and to mitigate potential retention time misalignment issues. The SOP bin size is generally selected to be slightly larger than the typical 2D peak dimensions. In this study we examine to what extent a single SOP bin size is optimal for all of the class comparisons that can be made in a single PCA scores plot. For this purpose, a GC × GC-FID dataset comprised of 5 different diesel fuels (i.e., 5 sample classes), each run with 4 replicates using a reverse column configuration (polar 1D column and non-polar 2D column) was utilized. The dataset was collected within about one day, which minimized retention time misalignment in order to allow the study to focus on S/N enhancement concurrent with maintaining the chemical selectivity provided by the GC × GC separations. A total of 110 bin sizes were evaluated. Degree-of-class separation (DCS) was utilized as a quantitative metric to assess the impact of binning in improving separation in the scores plot. The DCS was calculated pair-wise between nearest neighbor sample classes for each of the 5 sample classes in the scores plot (5 sample class pairs). Results indicated the SOP bin size did not provide the highest DCS for any of the 5 fuel pairs. Each fuel pair is found to have its own optimal bin size, suggesting the binning finds the balance between S/N optimization concurrent with leveraging the chemical selectivity information differences in the samples as manifested in their GC × GC separation “patterns”. Robustness of the findings in this study were supported by leaving out one fuel at a time and re-running the PCA models.
Variable-length compression and secrecy by design

The framework of secrecy by design is introduced and the fundamental limits of lossless data compression are characterized for this setting. The main idea behind secrecy by design is to begin with an operational secrecy constraint, which is modeled by a secrecy function fs, and then to derive fundamental limits for the performance of the resulting secrecy system. In the setting of lossless compression, it is shown that strong information-theoretic secrecy guarantees can be achieved using a reduced secret key size and a modular two-part coding strategy. Focusing on the non-asymptotic fundamental limits of lossless compression, variable-length lossless compression is studied. It is noted that completely lossless compression is not possible when perfect secrecy is required; however, it becomes meaningful under partial secrecy constraints. Moreover, although it is well known that the traditional fundamental limits of variable-length and almost lossless fixed-length compression are intimately related, this relationship collapses once the secrecy constraint is incorporated.
Shared Decision-Making in Obesity Treatment

Shared decision-making refers to the process by which a patient and provider share information to reach consensus about a treatment decision. Implementation of this process is useful for complex medical decisions such as whether to undergo bariatric surgery and, if so, which bariatric procedure to choose. In this chapter, the concept of shared decision-making and evidence for its implementation are explored. In addition, we review examples of shared decision-making applications in medicine, including for obesity treatment and bariatric surgery.
Profiles of Adolescent Relationship Abuse and Sexual Harassment: a Latent Class Analysis.

This study aims to identify homogeneous groups of individuals based on self-reported victimization and perpetration of three subtypes of adolescent relationship abuse (ARA; physical, psychological, and sexual) and sexual harassment (SH). Study sample consists of 645 current or past-year daters aged 12–21, drawn from the National Survey on Teen Relationships and Intimate Violence (STRiV). Latent class analysis was used to classify individuals, and a three-class model was selected (Low ARA-Low SH, High ARA-High SH, and Psychological ARA-Medium SH). Results provide evidence for three latent classes with varying patterns of ARA and SH. A number of exogenous variables were significantly associated with these patterns, e.g., youth who were previously exposed to any general violence were three times as likely to be in the High ARA-High SH class as those not previously exposed to violence. Adolescent relationship abuse prevention efforts should include activities to address sexual harassment, and vice versa. Results call for universal preventive intervention programs targeting adolescent relationship abuse and sexual harassment to start as early as adolescence, and the existence of the High ARA-High SH group supports the need for more targeted effort to interrupt such patterns.
Overview and Challenges of Bronchiolar Disorders

Bronchiolar abnormalities are common and can occur in conditions that affect either the large airways or the more distal parenchyma. In this review, we focus on the diagnosis and management of prim...
Radar/Wi-Fi spectrum sharing: evaluation of radar protection regions

In this chapter, an aspect of spectrum sharing between a monostatic radar and 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) (Wi-Fi) is explored. Specifically, it focuses on the determination of protection regions around the radar to keep the aggregate interference caused by activeWi-Fi (secondary) sources to within acceptable limits. Of particular interest is the impact of the deployment geometry of the Wi-Fi networks- modeled via suitable random spatial processes-on the statistics of the aggregate interference. The impact of various stochastic geometries on the resulting protection region is explored through both (Monte Carlo) simulation and analytical approaches.
Canadian Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror: Bridging the Solitudes

This anthology of essays on Canadian speculative fiction is the first to consider the distinctive qualities of Canada’s contribution to these genres. Editors Amy J. Ransom and Dominick Grace have a...
Testosterone therapy does not increase the risks of prostate cancer recurrence or death after definitive treatment for localized disease.

Background The safety of testosterone therapy (TT) after definitive treatment for localized prostate cancer remains undefined. We analyzed the risks of biochemical recurrence and mortality in men receiving TT after treatment for localized prostate cancer. Methods Cohort analysis using the national US Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure. We identified 69,984 patients with localized prostate cancer diagnosed from 2001 to 2015 treated with surgery or radiation. We coded receipt of TT after treatment as a time-dependent covariate; used the National Death Index to identify cause of death; and defined biochemical recurrence as PSA > 0.2 ng/mL after surgery and nadir + 2 ng/mL after radiation. We analyzed recurrence and mortality using cumulative incidence curves, Fine-Gray competing risk regression, and Cox regression. Results This cohort included 28,651 surgery patients and 41,333 radiation patients, of whom 469 (1.64%) and 543 (1.31%), respectively, received TT with a median follow-up of 6.95 years. Comparing testosterone users to nonusers, there were no between-group differences in biochemical recurrence, prostate cancer-specific mortality, or overall mortality after surgery [hazard ratios (HR): 1.07; HR: 0.72 (p = 0.43); and HR: 1.11 (p = 0.43), respectively] or radiation [HR: 1.07; HR: 1.02 (p = 0.95); and HR: 1.02 (p = 0.86), respectively]. Limitations included lack of detailed data on TT duration and serum testosterone concentrations. Conclusions In this multi-ethnic national cohort, TT did not increase the risks of biochemical recurrence or prostate cancer-specific or overall mortality after surgery or radiation. These data suggest that TT is safe in appropriate men after definitive treatment of localized prostate cancer.
Deformation of a conducting drop in a randomly fluctuating electric field

The interaction of surrounding drops is modeled as a temporally fluctuating electric field around a test drop. Because of the field-squared dependence, the drop deformation is larger under a fluctuating electric field than under a steady field. Consequently, drop breakup is observed at mean capillary numbers smaller than the critical capillary number for breakup under a steady field. Moreover, fluctuations drive drop breakup faster than a steady field.
Anxiety sensitivity, disgust sensitivity and aversive reactions to four stimuli

Background: Prior theory and research has implicated disgust as relevant to some, but not all phobias. Aims: The current study examined whether anxiety sensitivity is more relevant to certain specific phobias and whether disgust sensitivity is more relevant to other specific phobias. Method: Participants (n = 201) completed measures of anxiety sensitivity, disgust sensitivity and measures of aversive reactions in the presence of two fear-relevant stimuli (i.e. heights and small, enclosed spaces) and two disgust-relevant stimuli (i.e. spiders and blood/injury). Results: Results of multiple linear regression analyses revealed that disgust sensitivity showed significant associations with aversive reactions in all four stimulus domains after controlling for anxiety sensitivity. After controlling for disgust sensitivity, anxiety sensitivity showed associations with the two fear-relevant phobias but not with the two disgust-relevant phobias included in this study. Anxiety sensitivity also showed an association with variance specific to one of the two fear-relevant specific phobias included in the study. Disgust sensitivity also showed associations with variance specific to both of the disgust-relevant phobias included in the study but not with variance specific to either of the fear-relevant specific phobias. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that the distinction between fear-relevant and disgust-relevant specific phobias is meaningful and also implicate disgust sensitivity as relevant to aversive reactions to all stimuli included in this study.
Fast, lean-and-agile, multi-parameter multi-trending robust quality screening in a 3D-printed product

Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the local production realization of highly customizable items. However, the high process complexity - inherent to AM operations - renders uncertain the quality performance of the final products. Consequently, there is often a need to assess the unique fabrication capabilities of AM against the reoccurring issues of process instability and end-product inconsistency. Improvement opportunities may be identified by empirically exploring the complex phenomena that regulate the quality performance of the final products. Thus, focused quality-screening and process optimization studies should additionally take into account the special need for speedy, practical and economical experimentation. Robust multi-factorial solvers should predict effect strength by relying on small samples while possibly dealing with non-linear and non-normal trends. We propose a nonparametric modification to the classical Taguchi method in order to enable the generation of rapid and robust screening/optimization predictions for an arbitrary 3D-printing process. The new methodology is elucidated in a recently published dataset that involves the difficult Taguchi screening/optimization application of a fused deposition process. We compare differences in the predicted effect-strength magnitudes between the two approaches. We comment on the practical advantages that the new technique might offer over the traditional Taguchi-based improvement analysis. The emphasis is placed on the ‘assumption-free’ aspect, which is embodied in the new solver. It is shown that the proposed tool is agile. It could also reliably support a customized 3D-printing process by offering robust and faster quality improvement predictions.
Performance of transgluteal CT-guided biopsy of prostate lesions in men without rectal access: A retrospective study.

Abstract Objective To retrospectively study the performance of CT-guided biopsy of target prostate lesions at a single institution. Methods Between May 2016 and February 2021, we retrospectively identified all men without rectal access who underwent transgluteal CT-guided biopsy of PIRADS 4 or 5 targets detected on multiparametric MRI (n = 9). Clinical, radiological, and pathological details were collected by review of the electronic medical record, and included age, pre-biopsy prostate specific antigen (PSA) value, prior biopsy history, biopsy targeting technique and procedural details, complications, and final histologic diagnosis. Two targeting techniques were used: Localizing with anatomic landmarks or localizing with contrast enhancement. Results Mean patient age was 69 years (range, 49–74) and mean PSA was 14.6 ng/mL (range 7–23). Four lesions were targeted using anatomic landmarks and 5 were targeted using contrast enhancement. All biopsies were technically successful and all resulted as prostate cancer. Three biopsies showed Gleason 6 cancer and 6 biopsies showed clinically significant prostate cancers with Gleason 7 or above. There were no major complications. 7 patients went on to definitive treatment with surgery or radiation. Conclusion Transgluteal CT-guided biopsy of MRI detected prostate lesions diagnoses clinically significant prostate cancer without complication and therefore should be considered for patients without a rectum.
Critical Windows of Exposure: why do they exist and what do they tell us?

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This is part of symposium 22 entitled “Innovative Methods for Identifying Perinatal Critical Windows with Mixtures” The concept of critical exposure windows is often equated wit...
Impact of humidity on gas transport in polybenzimidazole membranes

Abstract Polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) are promising materials for high temperature H2/CO2 separation in applications such as steam reforming and pre-combustion carbon capture where significant amounts of water are often present. However, PBIs are hydrophilic, and the impact of humidity on PBI gas separation properties is relatively unexplored. Furthermore, opportunity exists to elucidate the interplay between plasticization, free volume, and gas transport in glassy polymer membranes such as PBIs. This study investigates the effect of humidity on H2, O2, and CO2 permeabilities at 35 °C in a commercial PBI and two sulfone-containing PBIs. Water uptake significantly reduces PBI gas permeabilities at low humidities due to competitive sorption and antiplasticization. At high humidities, plasticization increases the permeabilities of larger gases in more hydrophilic PBIs. Effective fractional free volumes evaluated from gas permeation data and previously reported water sorption and dilation data suggest water plasticizes PBIs by increasing accessible free volume via enhanced molecular dynamics rather than by creating new free volume cavities.
Ototoxicity and Teprotumumab.

Objectives:Teprotumumab, a novel monoclonal antibody, targets the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor. IGF-1 receptors, found in muscle and fat adjacent to the eye and implicated in Grave...