cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Empowering Clinicians to Effectively Engage in Research

In this article, we will discuss the need for clinician-driven clinical research in the field of speech-language pathology, identify common barriers to such research endeavors, and offer solutions for overcoming those barriers to increase effective clinician-initiated research engagement and output. Using the University of Wisconsin-Madison Voice and Swallow Clinics' developing clinical research program as an example, we will demonstrate how research can be incorporated into a busy clinical schedule with appropriate support and resources. Our own endeavors with this model have seen an increase in Institutional Review Board (IRB) submissions and approvals as well as publications from clinicians who had not previously considered themselves clinical investigators.
Comparison of Parametric and Nonparametric Methods for the Analysis and Inversion of Immittance Data

Recently, two methods for the estimation of discrete and/or continuous distributions of relaxation times from small-signal electrical frequency-response data have been compared. For discrete-line distributions, the parametric method used was found to be inferior in some ways to the nonparametric one, which involved Tikhonov regularization, and it was concluded that the parametric one could not be employed to estimate continuous distributions at all. Here it is shown by Monte Carlo simulation that both conclusions are incorrect. The same data situations analyzed in the earlier work were reanalyzed using a complex nonlinear least-squares parametric method that has been employed to estimate discrete-line distributions since 1982 and continuous ones since 1993. Quite different results from those presented earlier were obtained, and the original parametric method was shown to be far superior to the nonparametric one for the estimation of discrete-line distributions, since inversion is unnecessary and resolution is far greater. For continuous or mixed distribution inversions, the parametric method was again superior, and it allows unambiguous distinction between discrete-line points and those associated with a continuous distribution, while the nonparametric inversion method does not allow such distinction and approximates all distributional points as continuous-distribution ones. The parametric method used and described here is also valuable for other data analysis tasks other than those involving inversion. Some of its error characteristics are investigated herein, and the importance of matching the weighting error-model to the form of the errors in the data is illustrated. It was found that with normally distributed random errors added to exact data, the distributions of estimated parameters were not normal but were closer to normal for proportional errors than for additive ones.
Compaction–dissolution waves in an upwelling mantle column

SUMMARY Compaction–dissolution waves in porosity and melt pressure form spontaneously in numerical simulations of melt migration in an upwelling, viscously compacting, porous column in a solubilitygradient.Themeltfractionisassumedtobesmallandthesolidcomprisesolivineand orthopyroxene. The solubility of orthopyroxene in the melt is assumed to increase linearly with height and induces a gradient reaction, assumed to be at local equilibrium. Approximations for the vertical, 1-D, steady-state solutions are derived assuming negligible resistance to compaction. The linear stability of the steady-state solutions is characterized by complex eigenvalues and an oscillatory instability with strong wavenumber selection. This instability leads to the formation of checkerboard compaction–dissolution waves observed in the nonlinear numerical simulations. The phase velocity of these waves is larger than the solid velocity but smaller than the melt velocity. The oscillatory instability is realized over a range of parameters and the variation in wave properties is explored. A power-law bulk-viscosity formulation, ξ = η/φ m , is shown to decrease growth rates linearly in the exponent, m. For small perturbations, the growth rates and phase velocities measured from high-resolution numerical simulations are predicted by the linear theory as well as the dominant wavenumber in the non-linear regime. We present a regime diagram for reaction infiltration instabilities in viscouslycompacting porousmediaandshowthatcompaction–dissolutionwaves arefavoured by increasing solid upwelling and small solubility gradients relative to high-porosity channels. The regime diagram suggests that the formation of compaction–dissolution waves is a feasible new physical mechanism for melt transport beneath mid-ocean ridges.
Pathology of congenital heart disease

Tremendous gains have been made in recent years in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart malformations. Recognition of cardiac pathology is an imperative first step in the treatment of the newborn infant with critical congenital heart disease. This review will focus on the following: (1) a description of the forms of critical neonatal heart disease, including left heart obstructive lesions and pulmonary blood flow obstructive lesions and (2) a review of the clinical symptoms of ductal-dependent left heart obstructive lesions. This summary is limited to those conditions that present early in the neonatal period and require prompt intervention. Identification of affected infants before discharge and prompt initiation of prostaglandin therapy is life-saving in this population.
What is the Essential Fourth Amendment

In More Essential Than Ever: The Fourth Amendment in the Twenty-First Century, Stephen Schulhofer provides a strong, popularized brief for interpreting the Fourth Amendment as a command that judicial review precede all non-exigent police investigative actions that are more than minimally intrusive. This review points out a few places where Schulhofer may push the envelope too far or not far enough, but concludes that More Essential Than Ever is a welcome reminder for scholars and the public at large that the Fourth Amendment is a fundamental bulwark of constitutional jurisprudence and deserves more respect than the Supreme Court has given it. Appended to the review of Schulhofer's book is a review of another book, Simon Chesterman's One Nation Under Surveillance: A New Social Contract to Defend Freedom Without Sacrificing Liberty. Chesterman argues that traditional civil libertarian efforts to limit camera surveillance, data mining, biometric identification and other types of intelligence gathering are doomed and that governments should instead concentrate on regulating the use of the intelligence it collects, pursuant to publicly debated laws that provide a transparent framework for making decisions about how and when to disseminate the information obtained. After describing the gist of the book, this review, to be published in Intelligence and National Security, investigates these prescriptions in more detail and, with a few caveats, subscribes to them.
The Deconstructive Approach to Understanding Community College Students’ Pathways and Outcomes:

Two related themes currently dominate discourse on open-access colleges, particularly community colleges: increasing college-going and degree attainment and improving the performance of postseconda...
On n -flat modules over a commutative ring

Let R be a commutative ring with unit, T an R -module, and n a positive integer. It is proved that T is n -flat over R if B ⊗ R T is B -torsionfree for each n –generated commutative R -algebra B . The converse holds if T is n –generated, in which case T is actually flat over R . Several other instances of the converse are established, but it is shown that the converse fails in general, even for R an integral domain, T an ideal of R , and n = 1.
Analysis of BRCA2 loss of heterozygosity in tumor tissue using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction

Loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) analysis of archival tumor tissue can aid in determining the clinical significance of BRCA variants. Here we describe an approach for assessing LOH in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues using variant-specific probes and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). We evaluated LOH in 2 related breast cancer patients harboring a rare missense BRCA2 variant of unknown clinical significance (c.6966G>T; M2322I). Conventional PCR followed by Sanger sequencing suggested a change in allelic abundance in the FFPE specimens. However, we found no evidence of LOH as determined by the allelic ratio (wild type-variant) for BRCA2 in both patients' archival tumor specimens and adjacent normal control tissues using ddPCR. In summary, these experiments demonstrate the utility of ddPCR to quickly and accurately assess LOH in archival FFPE tumor tissue.
SAMPLING DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

Linear dynamical systems are widely used in many different fields from engineering to economics. One simple but important class of such systems is called the single-input transfer function model . Suppose that all variables of the system are sampled for a period using a fixed sample rate. The central issue of this paper is the determination of the smallest sampling rate that will yield a sample that will allow the investigator to identify the discrete-time representation of the system. A critical sampling rate exists that will identify the model. This rate, called the Nyquist rate, is twice the highest frequency component of the system. Sampling at a lower rate will result in an identification problem that is serious. The standard assumptions made about the model and the unobserved innovation errors in the model protect the investigators from the identification problem and resulting biases of undersampling. The critical assumption that is needed to identify an undersampled system is that at least one of the exogenous time series be white noise.
Effects of Environment and Input Technology on Human Working memory for Medical Charting Information

This study investigated the role of the location updating effect (the memory deficit associated with passing through a doorway) and input technology (paper, a tablet PC or a laptop) on working memory for medical charting information, because in many hospitals physicians and nurses often leave the patient bedside to enter their medical information elsewhere. 48 participants watched medical scenario videos (note taking was allowed) and recalled patient information onto a medical chart presented either as a paper chart or electronically on a tablet, and a laptop, presented in randomized order. Post-video, each P either entered a new room through opening 3 doorways, walked back and forth in the original room for the same duration, or simply waited while seated for the same duration. The items to be recalled included demographic information, narrative information related to medical history, numeric data in the form of vital signs and medication data in a checkbox format. Results show that significantly more it...
A 10 bp Deletion Polymorphism and 2 New Variations in the GLUT1 Gene Associated With Meningomyelocele

We sought to examine the diversity and extent of sequence variations in GLUT1 in patients with myelomeningocele (MM) and to identify variations conferring risk of MM. Sequences of the 10 exons and exon-intron boundaries of GLUT1 for 96 patients with MM (48 Caucasians and 48 Mexican Americans) were determined by direct sequencing of DNA. Two new variants were identified. One is located within intron 7 (c.972+17t>a), 17 bases from exon 7. The other is within exon 8 (c.1016T>C) and results in an amino acid change at isoleucine 339 (p.Ile339Thr). A 10 base pair (bp) deletion within intron 9 was genotyped for 457 patients with MM and showed it to be more common in Caucasian MM patients than in Caucasian controls (P = .02). The physiologic role of the 2 newly identified variants in the GLUT1 gene and the 10 bp deletion associated with risk of MM in Caucasian patients is under investigation.
Thermal emission from a layered medium bounded by a slightly rough interface

The small perturbation method (SPM) is applied to study thermal emission from a layered medium bounded by a slightly rough interface. Brightness temperatures are calculated to second order in surface height, including both specular reflection coefficient corrections and incoherent Bragg scatter terms. Unlike the homogeneous medium case, in which the SPM applied for emission predictions produces an expansion in surface slope, the theory remains a small height expansion, and convergence of the series is shown to depend on properties of the layered medium. Results from this theory can be applied in studies of soil moisture, sea ice, or sea surface remote sensing and buried object detection with microwave radiometers.
KENTRACK 4.0: A Railway Trackbed Structural Design Program

The KENTRACK program is a finite element based railway trackbed structural design program that can be utilized to analyze trackbeds having various combinations of all-granular and asphalt-bound layered support. It is applicable for calculating compressive stresses at the top of subgrade, indicative of potential long-term trackbed settlement failure. Furthermore, for trackbeds containing an asphalt layer, it is applicable for calculating tensile strains at the bottom of the asphalt layer, indicative of potential fatigue cracking. The program was recently expanded to include both English and international units. A procedure has been incorporated to provide a path to save results in a text formation in post-Windows XP operating systems. More importantly, properties of performance graded (PG) asphalt binders and the Witczak E* predictive model have been incorporated in the 4.0 Version of the program. Component layers of typical trackbed support systems are analyzed while evaluating the significance of layer thicknesses and material properties on design and predicted performance. The effect of various material parameters and loading magnitudes on trackbed design and evaluation, as determined and predicted by the computer program, are presented. Variances in subgrade modulus and axle loads and the incorporation of a layer of asphalt within the track structure have significant effects on subgrade vertical compressive stresses and predicted trackbed service lives. The parameter assessments are presented and evaluated using sensitivity analysis.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
The American Physical Therapy Association's Top Five Choosing Wisely Recommendations

Improving health care in our country requires simultaneous pursuit of 3 aims: improving the effectiveness of care, improving the health of our population, and reducing the per capita costs of health care.1 As our nation focuses on ways to achieve this triple aim, the unwarranted overuse of health care resources is a significant concern. The continuing rise in health care costs, estimated at $2.8 trillion or 17.2% of gross domestic product in 2012, puts financial pressure on our national economy. Consequently, individuals are burdened by rising insurance premiums, deductibles, and copayments, often in addition to lost wage increases due to rising costs of premiums incurred by employers.2 Proponents of the triple aim have suggested there is ample capacity in our current health care system to achieve these goals by reducing unnecessary tests, treatments, and procedures.1 In fact, the Institute of Medicine estimates that in 2009 alone more than $750 billion (or 1 in 3 dollars spent on health care) was spent on unnecessary medical tests, procedures, and missed prevention opportunities.3 Implementing strategies that reduce unnecessary tests and procedures becomes a challenge, particularly when considering that most of these tests and procedures are covered by insurance. The federal government and private payers have attempted to control health care expenditures and utilization by increasing the number and complexity of regulations and requirements that govern the provision of care. Although the intent may be to improve patient care, these frequently changing and increasingly intricate regulations have led to a burdensome practice environment, challenging the ability of clinicians and administrators to remain compliant. Additionally, attempts to control utilization and costs have led to a significant increase in audits and investigations.4 Because of the complexity of the regulatory environment, even the most diligent health care professionals may find themselves the subject of costly investigations or audits.5
STUDIES OF THE INNER AND OUTER PROTOPLASMIC SURFACES OF LARGE PLANT CELLS : I. PLASMOLYSIS DUE TO SALTS

In Nitella, Chara, Hydrodictyon, and Valonia the inner and outer non-aqueous protoplasmic surface layers can be separated by certain plasmolytic agents which penetrate the outer surface more rapidly than the inner and hence raise the osmotic pressure of the protoplasm lying between them and cause it to increase in thickness by taking up water from the central vacuole. We may therefore conclude that the two surfaces differ. This idea is confirmed by earlier electrical measurements which show that when sap is placed outside the cell the chain See PDF for Structure produces an E.M.F. of several millivolts.
Efficient architectures for hidden surface removal

We present several new efficient architectures to solve the hidden surface problem in the feature domain. All the architectures operate on segments (instead of pixels) and create a list of visible segments for each scan line. We present two new semi-systolic architectures consisting of an array of M processors, where M is the maximum number of overlapping segments. Both architectures require presorting of the segment endpoints and have a latency of O(N), where N is the number of input segments. We present two new sorting network architectures which do not require any presorting of the endpoints. These architectures consist of O(log N) stages of segment merge units and are based on odd-even merge sort and running merge sort. >
Carotid pulse tracings in hypertrophic subaortic stenosis

Abstract Twenty of 23 patients with the diagnosis of IHSS displayed distinctive carotid pulse tracings. Except for those patients with pure aortic insufficiency, only 5 of the 124 patients with other cardiac disorders had similar abnormalities. These abnormalities were: (1) a UST LVET ratio less than 0.27 before amyl nitrite inhalation, (2) a UST LVET ratio of less than 0.23 after amyl nitrite inhalation, and (3) an increase in LVET greater than 0.06 sec. after amyl nitrite inhalation.
Reader Instability Induced by Permanent Magnets Domain Switch

In this paper, the mechanism of permanent magnets induced reader instability is investigated by stray field experiment and micro-magnetic modeling.
The role of information technology systems in the performance of mergers and acquisitions

Abstract Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are an important tool for improving a firm's competitive positioning and performance. Despite M&As’ promise, however, they often fail to meet performance goals. Challenges often arise when managers try to integrate two companies’ information technology (IT) systems, and the difficulties encountered often create both short- and long-term performance problems for companies. To help address these challenges, we highlight important issues that managers involved in M&As must consider. We also present some best practices that managers should follow to improve the odds of successful IT integration.
A Model of the Cognitive and Emotional Processing of Rhetorical Works in Advertising

This chapter develops an extensive model of the processing of rhetorical works (i.e., ﬁgurative language and visual rhetoric). The model synthesizes two theoriesexperimental aesthetics, which has explained the processing of creative works (e.g., art, geometric shapes, music, and product designs), and the resource-matching perspective, which holds that processing approaches optimization when resource demand matches the resources that an audience is willing and able to make available. The model’s combination of these two theories clariﬁes phenomena (e.g., the Wundt curve or the components of resource demand) that are otherwise unaccounted for. Further, the model subsumes previous research on advertising rhetoric into a single uniﬁed explanation. Additionally, extending the resource-matching perspective to encompass emotional appeals expands the scope of advertising rhetoric research into the unexplored emotional component of rhetorical works. This model should also make important contributions to the literature by suggesting theoretically supported hypotheses for future research.
Aportacions d'Orient i Occident a «la ciència contemplativa»

Fins i tot la revisio mes casual dels articles de revistes especialitzades i de llibres dedicats a l'estudi de la naturalesa , valor , us i beneficis de la meditacio , en general, aixi com l'emergent camp de l'estudi cientific de la contemplacio , revela que es tracta d' un dels espais mes actius i prometedors en l'estudi comparatiu del pensament oriental i occidental . No obstant aixo , tot i que hi ha moltes facetes de les practiques de meditacio que son comuns a ambdues tradicions , la tradicio occidental contemporania es pot distingir del seu homoleg de l'Est per la seva col.laboracio actual i permanent tant amb les ciencies dures com amb les ciencies socials . Recentment , aquesta obertura a la cooperacio i el treball amb les ciencies ha comencat a estendre als professionals de l'Est . De fet , l'erudit budista B. Alan Wallace observa en Ciencia contemplativa el seguent : « [ ... ] hi ha [ ... ] arrels historiques dels principis de la contemplacio i de la ciencia que suggereixen una possible reconciliacio i fins i tot la integracio entre els dos enfocaments » .Partint de la premissa que Wallace te rao , el proposit d'aquest treball es oferir una analisi critica a les possibilitats teoriques i practiques de la «ciencia contemplativa » i establir les contribucions uniques de les tradicions occidentals i orientals a aquesta ciencia emergent .
Teen-Aid: Another Problematic Sexuality Curriculum

In 1991 we critically evaluated Sex Respect: The Option of True Sexual Freedom, a prepackaged and controversial sexuality education curriculum being promoted nationally. Taking the issues that we felt made that curriculum problematic for public schools, this paper examines two curricula produced by Teen-Aid. Both Teen-Aid and Sex Respect promote abstinence as the only possible approach to sexuality for teens and the solution to the problems of unplanned teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Though they share agendas, there are differences between the ways curriculum materials are presented. The comparisons, however, indicate that there are few differences in the issues that make them inappropriate for use in public schools.
Discussion: Studies of Interregional Competition

These three papers, although they all deal with interregional competition, do not all deal with the same phase of the problem. Professors King and Henry have given us much background and brought us up to date on the latest approaches for explaining and predicting the location of agricultural production, namely, the transportation model with modifications. Professors Tramel and Seale have taken one of these modifications, variable amount demanded, and explained a procedure for reaching a solution. Professor Sorensen has explained a step previous to the application of the transportation models-that is, a systematic approach for determining what crops may be produced in an area. All of the authors have, in my opinion, offered an organized system for doing what farmers and the handlers of agricultural products have been doing in a more random or haphazard and time consuming way ever since agriculture began. If we go back to the settling of this country, we will find that the first problem of the newcomers was to find out what crops would grow in the new land. They had no data on growing seasons and rainfall. Their knowledge of varieties, fertilization, and techniques of cultivation was meager. Perforce they resorted to time-consuming experiments. Progress was slow. Now with the accumulation of data on many of the factors related to production of a crop, Professor Sorensen has outlined a systematic approach for determining what can be produced. He has also gone beyond the mere physical production of the crops and systematically examined markets to see if and where the crop can be sold. At the point of choosing markets, he is getting into the realm which is more objectively or accurately covered by our other authors. As a matter of fact, even the actual crops to be grown in a particular area may be chosen, again more accurately, by the methods of our other authors. This is not to say that a mathematical approach can decide whether or not carrots, tomatoes, lettuce or any other crop can be grown in an area (this is still the distinct province of Professor Sorensen's approach) but once the feasible crops which can be grown have been determined, then, given total resources of the area, cost functions for production, and demand functions of the markets, the most profitable crops to be grown in the area could be determined mathematically. Care would need to be exercised in this type of determination, even with the objective interactive techniques of mathematics, because the determination of most profitable crops calls not only for interplay of crops within an area, but also for interplay of the same crops between areas.
Effect of Relaxin on Bound Camp in Rat Uterus

Relaxin was able to elevate uterine bound cAMP in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine in buffers of low or high (0.5 M NaCl) ionic strength. Significant elevation was observed 10 min after exposure to the hormone. The peak in bound cAMP preceded that in total cAMP (15 vs 20 min, respectively, under isometric conditions). The response was concentration-dependent, with maximal elevation in bound cAMP observed at 0.1–0.4μg/ml relaxin. The effect of relaxin on bound cAMP represented a change in a sizable proportion of the total available binding sites. However, relaxin did not elevate bound cAMP in the absence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors under conditions where it clearly inhibited contractile activity. These data suggest that although relaxin can alter the level of bound cAMP in the rat uterus under some conditions, these effects may not be involved in the acute changes elicited by this hormone which result in the rapid inhibition of spontaneous contractile activity.
Computer Simulations of Nonlinear Optical Chromophore Containing Polypeptides

In our continuing efforts towards the design of nonlinear (NLO) optical chromophore containing polypeptides we present an integrated computational approach, in which the design of biomolecular materials with defined secondary and tertiary structures is investigated by means of novel predictive tools, while the effects of the nonlinear optical chromophores are studied with molecular dynamics simulations. A neural network that was trained to predict the spatial proximity of Cα atoms that are less than a given threshold apart, is applied. The double-iterated Kalman filter (DIKF) technique is then employed with a constraints set that includes these pairwise atomic distances, and the distances and angles that define the structure as it is known from the protein's sequence. The results for test cases, particularly Crambin and genetically engineered Eglin-C, demonstrate that this integrated approach is usefill for structure prediction at an intermediate resolution. Defined structural motifs of NLO chromophore containing polypeptides are investigated by using molecular dynamics techniques, particularly for the design of coil coiled amphiphatic biopolymers.
WAVE MEASUREMENT WITH DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE GAUGES

The potential error of estimating the small pressure gradient under a directional wave field through the subtraction or comparison of relatively large total-head signals from adjacent pressure transducers in an array is avoided through the use of differential pressure transducers which measure directly the pressure gradients. A device which utilizes four differential pressure tranducers placed orthogonally about one absolute pressure transducer, (the "DPG"), was developed and field-tested at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Engineering Research Center Field Research Facility, Duck, North Carolina. The first five directional Fourier coefficients of the directional ocean spectra were developed from the DPG data, and although no other in_ situ directional wave monitors were available for comparison, the directional peak determined from the DPG agreed well with simultaneous High Frequency (HF) radar data. The DPG instrument is about one-half the size and less than one-sixth the weight of conventional pressure sensor arrays. The field establishment of the orientation of directional-measuring instruments is also discussed.
An evaluation of the use-effectiveness of fertility awareness methods of family planning.

An analysis of the use-effectiveness of fertility awareness methods of family planning among clients in a San Diego, California, clinic reveals a 12-month failure rate (life-table method) of 13·2 failures per 100 women. This is comparable to results from previous studies of the use of fertility awareness methods (as defined by the sympto-thermal method) in developed nations. Also consistent with previous studies is the finding that fertility awareness method users tend to be young and well-educated. Motivational factors are identified as being most closely associated with successful use of this method of family planning.
Adaptation to Suffering: Meaning and Implications for Nursing

Nurses daily encounter persons who are suffering, but few have studied the suffering experience. Although the phenomena has been observed in the clinical setting, scientific inquiry has been limited. The meaning of suffering was explored through semistructured interviews with 20 subjects who had multiple sclerosis. The adaptation to suffering model provided the conceptual framework for this qualitative study. Stressors (e.g., problems associated with multiple sclerosis) and strategies perceived as helpful were identified. Subjects' responses about their suffering experiences followed an hierarchical progression from shock and denial through acceptance and understanding to finding meaning in their suffering. Rank ordering of responses illustrated the components of adaptation and how they changed with duration of illness. Findings provided support for the theoretical model and the importance of assisting clients to find meaning in their suffering experiences.
The Early Stages of Microwave-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of Diamond on Fused Silica Substrates

The early stages of the microwave assisted chemical vapor deposition of diamond on fused silica and silicon substrates were examined with Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Grain size as a function of time was determined for both substrates. Grains formed on fused silica were larger, with smoother growth surfaces than those formed on silicon substrates under the same conditions. For deposition on silica, the particle morphology changes from cuboid to cubo-octahedral for deposition times between 5 and 15 minutes. Also, the glass surfaces were etched during the pretreatment and deposition stages. These results are discussed in terms of mass transport limited growth, and chemical interactions between the gas-phase and the substrate surface.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Primary Care for Youth Declining Antidepressants: A Randomized Trial

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Health care providers have few alternatives for youth depression other than antidepressants. We examined whether brief cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a viable alternative in primary care. METHODS: A total of 212 adolescents aged 12 to 18 with major depression who had recently declined or quickly discontinued new antidepressant treatment were randomized to self-selected treatment as usual (TAU) control condition or TAU plus brief individual CBT. Blinded evaluators followed youth for 2 years. The primary outcome was time to major depression diagnostic recovery. RESULTS: CBT was superior to the control condition on the primary outcome of time to diagnostic recovery from major depression, with number needed to treat from 4 to 10 across follow-up. A similar CBT advantage was found for time to depression diagnosis response, with number needed to treat of 5 to 50 across time points. We observed a significant advantage for CBT on many secondary outcomes over the first year of follow-up but not the second year. Cohen’s d effect sizes for significant continuous measures ranged from 0.28 to 0.44, in the small to medium effect range. Most TAU health care services did not differ across conditions, except for psychiatric hospitalizations, which occurred at a significantly higher rate in the control condition through the first year of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Observed results were consistent with recent meta-analyses of CBT for youth depression. The initial year of CBT superiority imparted an important clinical benefit and may reduce the risk of future recurrent depression episodes.
Empirical Research into the Supervision Risk on Listed Companies

This paper proposes the concept of supervision risk of listed companies with the view of listed company supervisors,and establishes a risk assessment index system of the listed companies in terms of corporate governance,financial quality and industry environment.Subsequently,we utilize AHP method and the effectiveness of supervision to establish listed companies risk assessment model of listed companies,and assess 31 listed companies in Hunan in the Shenzhen Stock Exchange with the model of regulatory risk,the evaluation results accord with the normal distribution and the actual situations.
Application of wide area power system measurement for digital authentication

The Electric Network Frequency (ENF) analysis of a digital recording is a two-step process. First, an ENF extraction algorithm is applied to the recording and the second step is comparing the extracted target sequence to subsequences contained in a grid reference database. In this paper, a new comparison algorithm is created that can remove the effects of oscillator errors from comparisons. Another study is to have a better understanding of the phenomenology by which sinusoidal grid signals find their way onto digital recordings. In addition, a study that uses both frequency and phase angle is done to determine whether tampering has occurred in digital recordings. Besides being able to determine the recording time, a study that distinguishes the frequency from different locations is performed to possibly determine the location of the recording.
A Grotthuss-like proton shuttle in the anomalous C2H3+ carbocation: energetic and vibrational properties for isotopologues

We probe the structure, stability and vibrational properties of the fundamental C2H3+ carbocation that exists with preference in a bridged hydrogen conformation. Our computational study includes electronic structure treatment, incorporation of nuclear motion through classical and quantum paradigms, the effect of temperature, and the associated sampling of the potential surface, and the effect of single H/D isotopic substitution (i.e., C2H2D+). We find that while the non-classical, “Bridged” isomer is most stable, the “Classical” form does have a small presence under ambient conditions since the zero point level straddles the barrier between the Classical and Bridged isomers in a reduced dimensional analysis of the Bridged ↔ Classical transfer coordinate. But the probability of the classical structure is too low and hence may remain undetected from the vibrational properties of the system. For the deuterated counterpart, the deuterium preferentially occupies the terminal instead of bridge position, in the more stable bridged isomeric structure. This preference is noted from nuclear dynamics. In all cases, at higher temperatures, an orbiting phenomenon is observed where the hydrogen atom density is distributed as an oblate ellipsoid surrounding the carbon–carbon bond. This is not observed at lower temperatures and the orbiting phenomenon is probed here by computing two-dimensional, time–frequency vibrational spectra, which show the spectral evolution in time and temperature, and the development of the system from one kind of isomer to another. New experiments that may probe this isomeric multiplicity are suggested, and these involve a combination of infra-red multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) and argon-tagged action spectroscopy.
Low-frequency quadrupole impedance of undulators and wigglers

An analytical expression of the low-frequency quadrupole impedance for undulators and wigglers is derived and benchmarked against beam-based impedance measurements done at the 3 GeV NSLS-II storage ring. The adopted theoretical model, valid for an arbitrary number of electromagnetic layers with parallel geometry, allows to calculate the quadrupole impedance for arbitrary values of the magnetic permeability ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{r}$. In the comparison of the analytical results with the measurements for variable magnet gaps, two limit cases of the permeability have been studied: the case of perfect magnets (${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{r}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$), and the case in which the magnets are fully saturated (${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{r}=1$).
“Springtime in the South is Like a Song in My Heart”: Raina Telgemeier’s Drama, the Romanticization of the Plantation South, and the Romance Plot

This essay explores the complex relationship that exists between the romance plot and the romanticization of the antebellum South in Raina Telgemeier’s critically acclaimed and commercially successful graphic novel, Drama. The text’s use of a Gone With the Wind-style musical as its romantic and thematic pivot point complicates its political message and calls into question its seemingly progressive stance on social issues. While critics have praised Telgemeier’s text for its racially and ethnically diverse cast of characters, the moonlight-and-magnolias musical that forms the centerpiece to Drama traffics not simply in a historical myth, but in a white-centric fantasy. In so doing, the graphic novel demonstrates the limitations of LGBTQ youth advocacy that does not remain cognizant of intersectionality, while it also highlights the problem with millennial forms of liberal multiculturalism that omit critical discussions about race.
Trust, but Verify: Optimistic Visualizations of Approximate Queries for Exploring Big Data

Analysts need interactive speed for exploratory analysis, but big data systems are often slow. With sampling, data systems can produce approximate answers fast enough for exploratory visualization, at the cost of accuracy and trust. We propose optimistic visualization, which approaches these issues from a user experience perspective. This method lets analysts explore approximate results interactively, and provides a way to detect and recover from errors later. Pangloss implements these ideas. We discuss design issues raised by optimistic visualization systems. We test this concept with five expert visualizers in a laboratory study and three case studies at Microsoft. Analysts reported that they felt more confident in their results, and used optimistic visualization to check that their preliminary results were correct.
Über deutsche Sprache und Literatur

Bei der Vorlesung Uber deutsche Sprache und Literatur, die Schlegel vom 12.6. bis 21.8.1807 in Koln in privatem Kreis gehalten hat, handelt es sich um dessen letzte Vorlesung vor der Ubersiedlung nach Wien (vgl. 15.2, XIII).
Effect of feedback from a socially interactive humanoid robot on reaching kinematics in children with and without cerebral palsy: A pilot study.

ABSTRACTPurpose: To examine whether children with or without cerebral palsy (CP) would follow a humanoid robot’s (i.e., Darwin) feedback to move their arm faster when playing virtual reality (VR) games. Methods: Seven children with mild CP and 10 able-bodied children participated. Real-time reaching was evaluated by playing the Super Pop VRTM system, including 2-game baseline, 3-game acquisition, and another 2-game extinction. During acquisition, Darwin provided verbal feedback to direct the child to reach a kinematically defined target goal (i.e., 80% of average movement time in baseline). Outcome variables included the percentage of successful reaches (“% successful reaches”), movement time (MT), average speed, path, and number of movement units. Results: All games during acquisition and extinction had larger “%successful reaches,” faster speeds, and faster MTs than the 2 games during baseline (p < .05). Conclusion: Children with and without CP could follow the robot’s feedback for changing their reachi...
Limited-memory trust-region methods for sparse relaxation

In this paper, we solve the e2-e1 sparse recovery problem by transforming the objective function of this problem into an unconstrained differentiable function and applying a limited-memory trust-region method. Unlike gradient projection-type methods, which uses only the current gradient, our approach uses gradients from previous iterations to obtain a more accurate Hessian approximation. Numerical experiments show that our proposed approach eliminates spurious solutions more effectively while improving computational time.
Oak Biodiesel: State Building and Fire Codes Affecting Biodiesel Manufacturing

Long chain mono alkyl esters or Biodiesel is a renewable energy efficient fuel manufactured from basic vegetable oils and recycled cooking greases. For the environmentally conscious home manufacturer or home brewer, the Discovery Channel, The Learning Channel, and Ebay encourage biodiesel usage and manufacturing by offering how-to-tips as well as do-it yourself kits. This paper focuses on the Oak Biodiesel company formerly located in High Point, North Carolina that was shut down because the “biodiesel business did not comply with the state fire and building codes” (Jarboe, 2007). This research surveys news reports about four biodiesel fires as a basis for query into biodiesel fire and building code regulations, biodiesel fire safety, and the associated ethical dilemmas facing the home and small-scale manufacturers. It also stimulates discussions about how local, state and federal policies may have to be adjusted to accommodate the increased homemade biodiesel trend. The current canon of scholarly biodiesel research does not address how emissions and fire and building codes affect the in-home manufacturer, the small less than 100,000 gallon per year producing companies, as well as the communities surrounding those facilities.
Effects of mesyl salvinorin B alone and in combination with naltrexone on alcohol deprivation effect in male and female mice.

Abstract Alcohol relapse plays a major role in alcohol dependence and is an important focus for the treatment of alcoholism. The alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) is a widely used paradigm in rodents to model the relapse episodes that occur in human alcoholics. Mesyl Salvinorin B (MSB) is a potent and selective kappa opioid receptor (KOP-r) full agonist, with fewer side effects (e.g., sedation or anhedonia) than classic KOP-r full agonists and a longer duration of action in mice than the structurally similar salvinorin A. We have recently found that MSB prevents cocaine seeking in a rat self-administration model and reduces excessive alcohol drinking in a mouse escalation model via a KOP-r-mediated mechanism. Here, we further investigated whether MSB alone (0.3–3 mg/kg) or in combination with naltrexone (mu-opioid receptor antagonist at 1 mg/kg) altered alcohol “relapse” drinking using a mouse ADE paradigm. Both male and female mice, exposed to 3-week intermittent access alcohol drinking in a two-bottle choice paradigm with 24-h access every other day, developed excessive alcohol intake and then displayed pronounced ADE after 1-week abstinence. Acute administration of MSB prevented the ADE at 3 mg/kg in both male and female mice. Upon investigation of potential synergistic effects between naltrexone and MSB, we found that acute administration of a combination of MSB (0.3 mg/kg) and naltrexone (1 mg/kg) reduced the ADE at doses lower than those individual effective doses, with no sex difference. Our study suggests that the KOP-r full agonist MSB both alone and in combination with naltrexone shows potential in alcohol “relapse” treatment models.
Geophysical Setting of Volcanism at Convergent Plate Boundaries

Active volcanoes occur at topographic highs approximately 60 to 500 km from convergent plate boundaries which usually are associated with ocean trenches. Thus, variations in elevation of up to 13 km occur over short distances, resulting in some of the Earth’s greatest vertical relief. The high elevations of both the volcanic arcs and the nonvolcanic ridges or coast ranges in the forearcs of island arcs and continental margins, respectively, may reflect volumetric expansion accompanying hydration of the mantle above zones of dehydration of subducted lithosphere (Fyfe and McBirney 1975). Alternatively, displacement of mantle by lower density andesite beneath volcanic arcs may cause and sustain the uplift there (Gough 1973).
Maintaining Safe, Efficient and Sustainable Intermodal Transport through the Port of Portland

About $15 billion of freight passes annually through the Lower Columbia River (LCR) navigation channel to reach Portland and Vancouver, where most of it connects with land transport. This commerce plays a vital role in sustaining the regional economy and connecting Oregon to the global economy. The timely connection of truck and rail transport with vessels is vital, especially for export traffic. This link is susceptible to disruption if water depths in the navigation channel are shallower than expected, leading to delays and/or draft limitations. Moreover, ship drafts have increased in recent decades, 25% of the vessels calling in the river sail with a draft close to the channel depth at low water, and these carry roughly 70% of the cargo. A large vessel may have as little as 0.6 m bed clearance when it passes through a low-tide point in the river, which each vessel in transit must do. Thus, prediction and real-time communication of water level to vessels is vital to safety as well as efficiency. This has been implemented through the LOADMAX system, consisting of telemetered water-level gauges and a forecast model. Moreover, the dilemma has been made more critical by changes in the river – low water levels in the river channel between Wauna and Vancouver have decreased 0.3-1.2 m since 1940. The rate of decrease depends on location and riverflow, but appears to have accelerated in the last decade. The reasons for this decrease are not understood. For perspective, an ongoing 0.9 m channel deepening will cost about $150 million when completed, so unintended decreases in water depths are expensive as well as potentially dangerous. Lower water levels in the river also increase carbon emissions, because smaller loads mean more land and vessel transport trips. Further, navigation and salmon habitat restoration are closely connected. Dredging is used to maintain the channel, and habitat restoration is an integral part of the channel deepening. New dredging strategies are needed to maintain the newly deepened channel, but dredging that removes material permanently from the river may further lower water levels, limiting possibilities for habitat restoration and reducing bed clearance for large ships. These problems will be exacerbated by future decreases in summer river flows due to climate change.
Examples of Ion Bombardment Effects On Film Growth and Erosion Processes — Plasma and Beam Experiments

Many plasma processing technologies owe their unique utility to plasma surface-interactions which lead either to the removal or deposition of material. Plasma etching and film deposition are but two obvious examples.