cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
INTERVENTION TO REDUCE INAPPROPRIATE TELEMETRY MONITORING IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL: A QUALITY INITIATIVE

Up to 40-50% of the patients admitted to the hospital receive unnecessary telemetry monitors without appropriate indications. Inappropriate telemetry use delays admissions and transfers from the emergency room/intensive care unit (ER/ICU), worsens the backlog of patients in the ER, and increases the
Just Smart or Just and Smart Cities? Assessing the Literature on Housing and Information and Communication Technology

Housing issues, including affordability, instability, and the search for available units, present ongoing challenges for urban inhabitants. Supporters claim information and communication technology...
CHAPTER FIVE – ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS

Publisher Summary This chapter presents ways to learn typical problems involving algebraic fractions. It presents rules for basic operations with fractions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. When two given fractions are multiplied, a new fraction whose numerator is the product of the numerators of the given fractions and whose denominator is the product of the denominators of the given fractions is obtained. The same rule holds whether a, b, c, and d are numbers or algebraic expressions. Multiplying a number or expression by a fraction equivalent to 1 does not change its value. The chapter presents solutions to equations involving algebraic fractions and highlights word problems leading to such equations.
The development of spatio-temporal models of fishery catch-per-unit-effort data to derive indices of relative abundance

Abstract Spatio-temporal models are increasingly used to develop indices of population abundance from fishery-dependent and –independent data. Developments in spatio-temporal index standardization were discussed at a workshop hosted by The Center for the Advancement of Population Assessment Methodology (CAPAM) titled “Development and application of spatio-temporal models to derive indices of relative abundance” (La Jolla, CA, USA; Feb. 26-March 2, 2018). This special issue includes ten submissions that highlight potential benefits arising from spatio-temporal index standardization including: (1) improved prediction for areas with little-to-no data; (2) capacity to weight densities by area to account for sampling rates that vary spatially; (3) calculation of the composition (e.g. age or length) of the indices and to weight predictions by catch to inform the composition of fishery removals, (4) estimation of distribution shifts and range expansion/contraction; and (5) capacity to combine data sources. The articles in this Special Issue highlight the need for continued development and testing for spatio-temporal index standardization methods, so that the relative strengths and weaknesses of different approaches are fully understood. The articles also identify topics that warrant further research including improved model diagnostics, accounting for biased rates of sampling (“preferential sampling”), and improvements in computational efficiency.
Risk of Malignancy with Vedolizumab Versus Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Antagonists in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing the risk of malignancy between patients treated with vedolizumab vs. tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) antagonists in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Using an administrative claims database, we identified patients with IBD without prior malignancy who were new users of either vedolizumab or TNFα antagonists between 2014–2018, with no prior exposure to either biologic or in preceding 1 y and had insurance coverage for at least 1 y after treatment initiation. We estimated incidence rate of malignancy (solid organ, hematological or skin cancers) in patients treated with vedolizumab and TNFα antagonists, and compared risk using Cox proportional hazard analysis. We included 4807 patients treated with TNFα antagonists (age, 41 ± 15 y, 60% with Crohn’s disease [CD]) of whom 65 developed malignancy over 7214 person-year [PY] follow-up (incidence rate [IR], 9.0 per 1000-PY), and 759 patients treated with vedolizumab (age, 46 ± 16y, 42% CD) of whom 11 developed malignancy over 950-PY follow-up (IR, 11.6). No difference was observed in the incidence of malignancy between vedolizumab versus TNFα antagonists (incidence rate ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.61–2.45). After adjusting for age, sex, race, comorbidity burden, disease phenotype and concomitant use of immunomodulators, no difference was observed in time to incident malignancy between vedolizumab versus TNFα antagonists (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.61–2.19). Similar results were observed on stratified analysis by age and concomitant immunomodulators, and after excluding non-melanoma skin cancers. In an observational study of patients with IBD, no differences were observed in the risk of incident malignancy in patients treated with vedolizumab versus TNFα antagonists.
Ernst L. Freud, Domestic Architect: Zuhause in Berlin, at Home in London

Throughout his career Ernst L. Freud, the architect-son of Sigmund Freud, mostly worked as a domestic architect and interior designer. Psychoanalytical consulting rooms are the only other sustained area of his practice. This chapter understands Freud’s architectural œuvre as an attempt to create homes (Zuhause) for his clients, for his own family, and for the extended Freud family, which included professional and private spaces for colleagues of Sigmund Freud. Before 1933, the architect’s peripatetic life already posed questions about the where of one’s home and what, architecturally speaking, constitutes a home? Once in England, Freud occasionally designed new homes for former Berlin clients, who had also managed to escape to Great Britain, exiled psychoanalysts, and the larger Freud family, who all struggled with the practical consequences of being an emigre and had to cope with the loss of friends, homes, and ways of life. The exile experience made Freud’s architectural focus on the home even more pressing and relevant; a challenge to which the architect responded by inserting into his designs memories and allusions to German and Austrian modern architecture.
Hydrogen bonded frameworks: smart materials used smartly

Hydrogen-bonded frameworks (HBFs) have been studied for decades owing to their fascinating and diverse architectures, always with an eye toward the role of hydrogen bonding in their design as well as their utility in various applications. This review addresses recent advances in HBFs that illustrate their versatility and utility stemming from their unique attributes compared with other classes of molecular frameworks. Guanidinium organosulfonate hydrogen-bonded frameworks, pioneered in our lab and one of the most extensive and versatile collections of HBFs, are used to illustrate molecular design concepts and the principle of architectural isomerism that expands access to a greater structural landscape. Recognizing the growing role of computation in materials design, from ab initio methods to machine learning, this review also touches on their emerging use in the design and synthesis of HBFs. The growth of the HBF arsenal promises continuing innovations, with applications ranging from electronic materials and chemical separations to gas adsorption and catalysis.
CLEO results on non-DD̄ decays of ψ(3770)

CLEO has recently measured the cross section for e+e− → ψ(3770) → hadrons at Ecm = 3773 MeV to be (6.38 ± 0.08−0.30+0.41) nb which is consistent with other observations of non‐DD decays of ψ(3770).
Component deployment evolution driven by architecture patterns and resource requirements

Software architectures are often designed with respect to some architecture patterns, like the pipeline and peer-to-peer. These patterns are the guarantee of some quality attributes, like maintainability or performance. These patterns should be dynamically enforced in the running system to benefit from their associated quality characteristics at runtime. In dynamic hosting platforms where machines can enter the network, offering new resources, or fail, making the components they host unavailable, these patterns can be affected. In addition, in this kind of infrastructures, some resource requirements can also be altered. In this paper we present an approach which aims at dynamically assist deployment process with information about architectural patterns and resource constraints. This ensures that, faced with disconnections or machine failures, the runtime system complies permanently with the original architectural pattern and the initial resource requirements.
Auditory discrimination between compressions and rarefactions by goldfish.

1. Goldfish were taught to discriminate between a given click and the same click inverted, that is, with the compression and rarefaction phases reversed. 2. The responses were true auditory responses involving the sacculus but not the lateral line. 3. The responses were independent of both waveform (frequency) and intensity and could be elicited with single clicks. Phase was the relevant parameter. 4. Tail flips were found to send a rarefaction wave (rarefaction is the first deflexion) forward from the fish and a compression wave backward. 5. It is proposed that phase analysis of tail-flip sounds is used to tell whether a swimming fish is approaching or receding.
Molecular docking: a problem with thousands of degrees of freedom

This paper reports on the problem of docking a highly flexible small molecule to the pocket of a highly flexible receptor macromolecule. The prediction of the intermolecular complex is of vital importance for the development of new therapeutics as docking can alter the chemical behavior of the receptor macromolecule. We first present current methods for docking, which have several limitations. Some of these methods consider only the flexibility of the ligand solving a problem with a few tens of degrees of freedom. When the receptor flexibility is taken into account several hundreds or even thousands of degrees of freedom need to be considered. Most methods take into account only a small number of these degrees of freedom by using chemical knowledge specific to the problem. We show how to use a singular value decomposition of molecular dynamics trajectories to automatically obtain information about the global flexibility of the receptor and produce interesting conformations that can be used for docking purposes.
The relationship of conodont biofacies to spatially variable water mass properties in the Late Pennsylvanian Midcontinent Sea

Molybdenum and uranium enrichment factors and nitrogen isotopes suggest that an interplay of open ocean upwelling and riverine runoff led to distinct spatial and secular variations in water mass properties within the epicontinental Late Pennsylvanian Midcontinent Sea of North America. In particular, the intensity of continental runoff influenced the flux of bulk organic matter to the sediment. Benthic anoxia appears to have been controlled by the vertical density gradient in the water column associated with continental runoff combined with the advection of basinal water. Anoxic conditions were stronger in proximal (i.e., more shoreward) areas of the Midcontinent Shelf, indicating that anoxia did not develop primarily due to upwelling of nutrient-rich waters along the southern shelf margin, as previously suggested. Changes in water mass redox conditions not only drove authigenic enrichment of redox-sensitive trace elements across the basin but also had a strong effect on the spatial distribution of various conodont taxa. Our analysis suggests that the widely accepted depth-stratification model for the distribution of conodonts is incomplete. Conodont biofacies distributions seem to have been controlled by physicochemical properties of the water mass (e.g., salinity, temperature, nutrients, turbidity, and/or dissolved oxygen levels) that may correspond less directly to water depth. The proximity to terrestrial freshwater influx and the strength of anoxia/euxinia in the subpycnoclinal water mass played significant roles in the spatial and temporal distributions of conodont taxa.
Structure and chemical composition of fluorinated SiO2 films deposited using SiF4/O2 plasmas

Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry were employed for chemical and structural analysis of fluorinated SiO2 deposited in SiF4 and O2 plasmas. Isotopic substitution of 16O2 with 18O2 in the feed gas mixture was used to determine whether F is bonded to Si or O atoms in the film. Isotopic substitution experiments revealed that infrared active SiO–F stretching mode in SiO2 matrix appears at 1372 cm-1 but only when the SiF4-to-O2 ratio of the feed gas mixture is reduced below 0.1. The SiOF species in fluorinated SiO2 result from insertion of O into SiF bonds, which have been already incorporated into the film. Deposition experiments using 16O2 and 18O2 also helped identify silicon mono- and di-fluorides (O3SiF and O2SiF2), which were most abundant in fluorinated SiO2. The stretching mode of O3Si–F appears at 950 cm-1, whereas the antisymmetric and symmetric stretching modes of O2Si–F2 appear at 990 cm-1 and 920 cm-1, respectively. The concentration ...
Transthoracic versus transhiatal resection for esophageal adenocarcinoma of the lower esophagus: A value‐based comparison

Background and Objective Our objective was to compare clinical outcomes, costs, and resource use based on operative approach, transthoracic (TT) or transhiatal (TH), for resection of esophageal cancer. Methods This cohort analysis utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results—Medicare linked data from 2002 to 2009. Only adenocarcinomas of the lower esophagus were examined to minimize confounding. Medicare data was used to determine episode of care costs and resource use. Propensity score matching was used to control for identified confounders. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox-proportional hazard modeling were used to compare long-term survival. Results 537 TT and 405 TH resections were identified. TT and TH esophagectomy had similar complication rates (46.7% vs. 50.8%), operative mortality (7.9% vs 7.1%), and 90 days readmission rates (30.5% vs. 32.5%). However, TH was associated with shorter length of stay (11.5 vs. 13.0 days, P = 0.006) and nearly $1,000 lower cost of initial hospitalization (P = 0.03). No difference in 5-year survival was identified (33.5% vs. 36%, P = 0.75). Conclusions TH esophagectomy was associated with lower costs and shorter length of stay in an elderly Medicare population, with similar clinical outcomes to TT. The TH approach to esophagectomy for distal esophageal adenocarcinoma may, therefore, provide greater value (quality/cost). J. Surg. Oncol. 2015; 112:517–523. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Executive-Legislative Relations: Governor George Allen's Virginia

For the most part, contemporary governors are skillful practitioners of “communication, conciliation, compromise, and cooperation. They inform legislative leaders of their intentions, welcome their counsel on strategy, tactics, and substance, and exercise personal and political restraint.” During his first two years in office, Virginia Governor George Allen ran against this line of thought. This paper explores both the policy and political utility of these unconventional efforts. Specifically, it evaluates the relationship between the governor and the state legislature as a zero-sum power game or one marked by interdependence and bargaining, thus necessitating cooperation and compromise if a heightened level of gubernatorial success is to be enjoyed.
The macrophage pattern recognition scavenger receptors SR-A and CD36 protect against microbial induced pregnancy loss.

Objectives and design Microbial products can act via stress-induced signaling cascades to link dysregulated endogenous microbiota to immune activation (e.g., macrophages) and pregnancy loss. Our previous studies demonstrated that mice deficient in the macrophage pattern recognition scavenger receptors, SR-A and CD36, are more susceptible to inflammatory complications including gut leakiness and experimental colitis. We hypothesized that bacterial penetration of the maternal mucosal surfaces and replication in embryonic fluids compromise the fetal status and can result in miscarriage.
Successful release of entrapped circumferential mapping catheters in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation

Objectives The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a method for successful and safe release of an entrapped circular catheter. Background Segmental pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is widely practiced for patients with symptomatic drug-refractory atrial fibrillation. A circular mapping catheter is sometimes used with this technique to map the electrical connection between the left atrium (LA) and the PVs. This catheter reportedly can become entrapped in the mitral valve apparatus. Attempts to free the entrapped catheter can result in serious complications, including damage to the mitral valve chordae tendineae or fracture of the catheter itself. Methods Three patients were referred for PV isolation for atrial fibrillation. A circular mapping catheter was used to map the sites of LA-PV electrical connections. Results During the procedure, the circular mapping catheter became entrapped in the mitral valve apparatus in two patients and in the PV in one patient. A series of maneuvers, which included use of another catheter and guiding sheaths as well as pushing forward rather than pulling back on the entrapped catheter, allowed safe and successful release of the entrapped catheter in all patients. Conclusions Entrapment of the circular mapping in the mitral valve apparatus or the PVs during PV isolation is a rare complication associated with use this catheter. We describe a series of maneuvers that may allow safe and successful release of the entrapped catheter.
The effects of an acute challenge with the NMDA receptor antagonists, MK-801, PEAQX, and ifenprodil, on social inhibition in adolescent and adult male rats

Rationale NMDA antagonists consistently produce social inhibition in adult animals, although effects of these manipulations on social behavior of adolescents are relatively unknown.
Family and center contributions to the adjustment of infants in full-time day care.

The results of two studies suggest that in child care of reasonably good quality, home variables may be more important than center variables in moderating security of attachment.
Process of component and pattern learning

The process of discrimination among stimuli on the basis of cue patterns or their partially relevant subsets was traced by independent tests spread over the course of learning. While the cue subsets seemed most important during early trials, the full patterns rapidly started dominating as discrimination accuracy on the basis of common subsets actually decreased.
Secondary deuterium kinetic isotope effects on the isomerization of the trimethylene diradical to cyclopropane

The trimethylene diradical (1-d{sub 0}) has long been considered a possible or even a likely short-lived reactive intermediate. The precise character of the trimethylene intermediate is of course not revealed unambiguously through the agreement between calculated relative lifetimes and measured lifetimes shown here. The local energetic minimum in the many-dimensional potential energy surface for the trimethylene intermediate is quite shallow, and the diradical may exist in a variety of conformational forms characterized by different C-C-C bond angles and H-C-C-H dihedral angles without any substantial variations in energy. For such a molecular entity, nearly a `twixtyl`, `a molecule or a range of molecular conformations` having no minimum on a potential energy surface but `which operationally behaves as a true intermediate`, isomerization rates and lifetimes may be dictated more by the requirement that various vibrational modes must attain appropriate phase relationships with one another rather than by any all-important activation energy criterion. 26 refs., 3 tabs.
Construct validity and factor stability of the anorectic cognitions questionnaire.

Specific cognitive distortions may be central to the psychopathology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa; however, few psychometrically adequate instruments exist to assess these cognitions. The Mizes Anorectic Cognitions (MAC) questionnaire was previously developed to fill this need. The present study examined the construct validity, temporal reliability, and factor stability of the MAC in a sample of 100 college females. Results suggested excellent construct validity and test-retest reliability. Moreover, the three previously identified factors (i.e., Self-Control, Weight and Approval, Rigid Weight Regulation) were cross-validated in this sample.
Furcocercous Larval Trematodes from San Juan Island, Washington

1. Six new furcocercous cercariae from the north-western United States are described and comparisons with similar forms are made. 2. On the basis of the structure of Cercaria tuckerensis spec. nov. and three cercariae reported in the recent literature it is possible to characterise more precisely the Elvae group, which now contains eight members. 3. The execretory system of Cercaria elvae Miller, 1923, was re-studied and found to differ from the original description. The bearing of this sort of error on Faust's use of excretory system formulae is touched upon. 4. Cercaria burti Miller, 1923, originally described from northern Michigan, is reported from San Juan Island. 5. Certain features of the morphology and biology of the furcocercous cercariae are discussed in the light of this and other recent studies. 6. Check List II of the furcocercous cercariae, with eighteen larvae, is given.
Effect of deviations from concentration equilibrium at phase interfaces, hydrodynamic conditions, surfactants, and interfacial tension on interfacial mass transfer

Abstract Theoretical consideration of heterogeneous isothermal mass-transfer processes in liquid—liquid and liquid—gas systems in the absence of chemical reactions and an experimental study, conducted in a diffusion cell with mixing, have shown that two different transfer regimes can exist. The first regime is characterized by the absence of a concentration equilibrium at the phase interface, and the second by the existence of this equilibrium during the mass-transfer process. General equations for the kinetics of liquid—liquid extraction and dissolution were established for each of these regimes. In addition, the boundary conditions were found for the transition from one of these regimes to another. For the non-equilibrium case, the theory leads to simple equations that do not contain any phenomenological constants. These equations link the relative change in overall mass-transfer coefficient versus change in the degree of deviation from equilibrium at a phase interface, and versus bulk/surface and bulk/bulk partial coefficients ratios, respectively. The possibility of calculating the latter ratios from kinetic measurements was demonstrated. We have found that the surface resistance to mass transfer in systems with constant hydrodynamic conditions is a function of the deviation from thermodynamic equilibrium in a system. In 32 two- and three-component systems investigated, the interface resistance during mass transfer was much higher than the phase resistance. Our experiments showed that, in the absence of natural convection, the influence of surfactants on the kinetics of mass transfer has a non-hydrodynamic nature. A method is proposed for establishing surfactants that can show the additional, hydrodynamic influence on the kinetics of mass transfer.
Increased rat liver homogenate, mitochondrial, and cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase activity in acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning

Abstract Rat liver homogenate, subcellular fractions, and sera were assayed for aspartate aminotransferase 24 h after the administration of carbon tetrachloride. Enzyme activity per total liver per gram initial body weight was significantly increased in the homogenate, and in the mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. Protein content per total liver per gram initial body weight was also increased so that the specific activity of the enzyme was unchanged. Enzyme activity per gram liver wet weight was decreased consistent with hepatomegaly, edema, and dilution of enzyme. Enzyme and isoenzyme activities of serum were increased. These findings support the hypothesis that increased synthesis may be a source of increased serum aspartate aminotransferase and its isoenzymes as a response to hepatocellular injury.
Star-Shaped Alkyl Carbamates as Pour Point Depressants

A series of trialkyl carbamates of the general formula HC(Ph NHCOOCnH2n+1)3 with n = 16, 18, 20 and 22 were synthesized from alkanols and tris(p-isocyanatophenyl)methane. The star-shaped compounds effectively depress the pour point of wax-containing paraffin oil. A quantity of 0.1 wt.% of the C18 derivative, by far the most effective depressant, reduces the pour point of paraffin oil containing 11.5 wt.% wax (mp 56–61° C) from 33° C to - 4°C. The extent of the depression varies with the concentration and composition of the wax. The depressants are ineffective when pure alkane waxes are added to the paraffin oil.
Effects of self-concept and locus of control on academic achievement: A large-sample path analysis.

School interventions are often based on the assumption that psychological variables such as self-concept and locus of control should have a meaningful impact on achievement. Yet research support for such influences is inconsistent. The purpose of the present study was to determine the extent of the influence of self-concept and locus of control on academic achievement, while controlling for other relevant influences. Data from a large, representative sample of U.S. high school students were analyzed using path analysis, a nonexperimental research technique. The results suggest that locus of control has a meaningful impact on high school seniors' achievement, that is, more internal students also achieve at a higher level. Self-concept, however, had no meaningful effect on achievement. Further, the pattern of influences of self-concept and locus of control on achievement were quite similar for males and females, suggesting no interaction with these variables and gender in their impact on achievement.
More dimensions—Less entropy

For a cosmological model with $d$ noncompact and $D$ compact spatial dimensions and symmetry ${R}^{1}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{S}^{d}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{S}^{D}$, we calculate the entropy produced in $d$ dimensions due to the compactification of $D$ dimensions and show it too small to be of cosmological interest. Although insufficient entropy is produced in the model we study, the contraction of extra dimensions does lead to entropy production. We discuss modifications of our assumptions, including changing our condition for decoupling of the extra dimensions, which may lead to a large entropy production and change our conclusions.
"He Killed My Mommy!" Murder or Attempted Murder of a Child's Mother

The murder or attempted murder of a child's mother in the context of domestic violence is a significant event in a child's life and carries with it multiple additional possible stressors. Children experiencing these situations have not, to date, been well studied. This paper discusses what is currently known in the literature about these children and provides some initial descriptive sociodemographic and contextual data regarding 237 children who experienced the murder (N = 146) or attempted murder (N = 91) of their mother by a current or estranged intimate partner. These data are part of a 10-city study to identify the risk factors in intimate partner homicide. This descriptive study suggests the alarming prevalence of children exposed to their mothers' murders or attempted murders, the paucity of systematic interventions provided to these children, the likelihood of their exposure to prior marital violence and/or child abuse, the multiple stressors they encounter after the incident, and some of the demographic variables associated with femicide and attempted femicide. Affected children are most likely to be under the age of 10 at the time of the homicide or attempted homicide with mothers who are between the ages of 30 and 39, working but earning less than $25,000 per year. Poor African American women and their children are especially vulnerable. Many of the children actually witnessed the homicide or attempted homicide (35% of homicide cases; 62% of the attempteds) or found their mother after the attack (37% of homicides cases; 28% of attempteds), but significant numbers of these children received no or little intervention. The critical needs for community-based prevention and intervention programs are discussed.
Growth and development of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite: time and spatially resolved structure and chemistry of the base plate

The radial growth and advancement of the adhesive interface to the substratum of many species of acorn barnacles occurs underwater and beneath an opaque, calcified shell. Here, the time-dependent growth processes involving various autofluorescent materials within the interface of live barnacles are imaged for the first time using 3D time-lapse confocal microscopy. Key features of the interface development in the striped barnacle, Amphibalanus (= Balanus) amphitrite were resolved in situ and include advancement of the barnacle/substratum interface, epicuticle membrane development, protein secretion, and calcification. Microscopic and spectroscopic techniques provide ex situ material identification of regions imaged by confocal microscopy. In situ and ex situ analysis of the interface support the hypothesis that barnacle interface development is a complex process coupling sequential, timed secretory events and morphological changes. This results in a multi-layered interface that concomitantly fulfills the roles of strongly adhering to a substratum while permitting continuous molting and radial growth at the periphery.
Predictors of weight gain in the Pound of Prevention study

OBJECTIVES: This study examined cross-sectional and prospective relationships between macronutrient intake, behaviors intended to limit fat intake, physical activity and body weight. DESIGN: The overall goal was to identify diet and exercise behaviors that predict and/or accompany weight gain or loss over time. Specific questions addressed included: (a) are habitual levels of diet or exercise predictive of weight change; (b) are habitual diet and exercise levels associated cross-sectionally with body weight; and (c) are changes in diet and exercise associated with changes in body weight over time? PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were a sample of community volunteers (n=826 women, n=218 men) taking part in a weight gain prevention project over a 3-year period. MEASURES: Body weight was measured at baseline and annually over the study period. Self-report measures of diet and exercise behavior were also measured annually. RESULTS: Among both men and women, the most consistent results were the positive association between dietary fat intake and weight gain and an inverse association between frequency of physical activity and weight gain. Individuals who weighed more both ate more and exercised less than those who weighed less. Individuals who increased their physical activity level and decreased their food intake over time were protected from weight gain compared to those who did not. Frequency of high-intensity physical activity was particularly important for both men and women. Additionally, women who consistently engaged in higher levels of moderate physical activity gained weight at a slower rate compared to women who were less active. CONCLUSIONS: Overall results indicated that both cross-sectionally and prospectively, the determinants of weight and weight change are multifactorial. Attention to exercise, fat intake and total energy intake all appear important for successful long term control of body weight.
Regulatory Compliance for Point-of-Care Testing: 2009 United States Perspective

All clinical laboratory testing in the United States is regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA'88 or CLIA) and overseen by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. CLIA profoundly changed the prevailing United States regulatory philosophy by imposing uniform requirements for all clinical laboratory testing regardless of where tests are performed. In the hospital, regulatory compliance is usually ensured by regular inspections of the laboratory by either the Joint Commission or by the College of American Pathologists. These organizations may include requirements beyond the minimum standard mandated by CLIA. This article reviews the status of regulatory compliance of point-of-care testing from a perspective of the current regulations in effect in the United States in 2009.
System of magnetic particles in an external magnetic field: Surface and bulk structure

A system of particles with spin interaction in an external magnetic field is studied using a general formalism applicable to the solid, liquid, or glassy state. Explicit results are given in the mean spherical, LOGA, and EXP approximations. The Laplace transform of the wall-particle correlation function near a surface is obtained. From it, analytical expressions for the orientational density profile are derived and used to calculate the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility in the bulk. Magnetostriction is also discussed.
Post-synaptic density-93 mediates tyrosine-phosphorylation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.

Abstract Src family protein kinases (SFKs) –mediated tyrosine-phosphorylation regulates N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptor synaptic function. Some members of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family of proteins bind to both SFKs and NMDA receptors, but it is unclear whether the MAGUK family of proteins is required for SFKs-mediated tyrosine-phosphorylation of the NMDA receptors. Here, we showed by co-immunoprecipitation that post-synaptic density (PSD) -93, a member of the MAGUK family of proteins, interacts with the NMDA receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B as well as with Fyn, a member of the SFKs, in mouse cerebral cortex. Using a biochemical fractionation approach to isolate subcellular compartments revealed that the expression of Fyn, but not of other members of the SFKs (Lyn, Src, and Yes), was significantly decreased in synaptosomal membrane fractions derived from the cerebral cortex of PSD-93 knockout mice. Interestingly, we found that PSD-93 disruption causes reduction of tyrosine-phosphorylated NR2A and NR2B in the same fraction. Moreover, PSD-93 deletion markedly blocked the SFKs-mediated increase in tyrosine-phosphorylated NR2A and NR2B through the protein kinase C pathway after induction with 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in cultured cortical neurons. Our findings indicate that PSD-93 appears to mediate tyrosine-phosphorylation of the NMDA receptors and synaptic localization of Fyn.
The nonlinear viscoelastic characterization of graphite/epoxy composites

A nonlinear viscoelastic model based on the procedure of Findley et al., (1948) has been used to accurately represent the creep of several graphite/epoxy composites. Applying this approach to unidirectional 0, 90 and 10 deg off-axis tensile specimens, the viscoelastic response of a lamina can be characterized. The resulting lamina model has been useful for representing the behavior of a lamina in a numerical procedure to predict creep and delayed failures of general laminates. Also, independently, the Findley procedure has been used to characterize the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of general laminates.
ResultMaps: Visualization for Search Interfaces

Hierarchical representations are common in digital repositories, yet are not always fully leveraged in their online search interfaces. This work describes ResultMaps, which use hierarchical treemap representations with query string-driven digital library search engines. We describe two lab experiments, which find that ResultsMap users yield significantly better results over a control condition on some subjective measures, and we find evidence that ResultMaps have ancillary benefits via increased understanding of some aspects of repository content. The ResultMap system and experiments contribute an understanding of the benefits-direct and indirect-of the ResultMap approach to repository search visualization.
A new species of Micropsectra Kieffer midge (Diptera: Chironomidae).

Abstract. The chironomid midge Micropsectra wendigo Taber is described from the western Lower Peninsula of Michigan. Adult males were collected in a Malaise trap in April in a woods with paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marshall), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marshall), and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrhart) trees. The new species belongs to a little-studied genus but seems to be most closely related to the flies of the recurvata group.
Which Mathematical Logic is the Logic of Mathematics

The main tool of the arithmetization and logization of analysis in the history of nineteenth century mathematics was an informal logic of quantifiers in the guise of the “epsilon–delta” technique. Mathematicians slowly worked out the problems encountered in using it, but logicians from Frege on did not understand it let alone formalize it, and instead used an unnecessarily poor logic of quantifiers, viz. the traditional, first-order logic. This logic does not e.g. allow the definition and study of mathematicians’ uniformity concepts important in analysis. Mathematicians’ stronger logic was rediscovered around 1990 as the form of independence-friendly logic which hence is not a new logic nor a further development of ordinary first-order logic but a richer version of it.
CO, NO and O2 as Vibrational Probes of Heme Protein Interactions

The gaseous XO molecules (X = C, N or O) bind to the heme prosthetic group of heme proteins, and thereby activate or inhibit key biological processes. These events depend on interactions of the surrounding protein with the FeXO adduct, interactions that can be monitored via the frequencies of the Fe-X and X-O bond stretching modes, νFeX and νXO. The frequencies can be determined by vibrational spectroscopy, especially resonance Raman spectroscopy. Backbonding, the donation of Fe dπ electrons to the XO π* orbitals, is a major bonding feature in all the FeXO adducts. Variations in backbonding produce negative νFeX/νXO correlations, which can be used to gauge electrostatic and H-bonding effects in the protein binding pocket. Backbonding correlations have been established for all the FeXO adducts, using porphyrins with electron donating and withdrawing substituents. However the adducts differ in their response to variations in the nature of the axial ligand, and to specific distal interactions. These variations provide differing vantages for evaluating the nature of protein-heme interactions. We review experimental studies that explore these variations, and DFT computational studies that illuminate the underlying physical mechanisms.
The Study of Values: Construction of the fourth edition

Abstract Some forty years after its initial publication, the Allport–Vernon–Lindzey Study of Values (SOV) was the third most cited non-projective measure of personality in the field of psychology. However, by the early 1980s the measure had fallen into disuse, in large part—we argue—due to its increasingly archaic content, lack of religious inclusiveness, and dated language. We describe the development of an updated version of the SOV that incorporates modifications to 15 out of the 45 original items. One hundred and seventy-nine students completed both the original and updated versions (counter-balanced for order). Psychometric properties of the updated and original scales were comparable and acceptable. Rationales for use of the updated version in research and practice are advanced.
Critical analysis on the short-term roles of ATM in a campus network infrastructure

This paper takes a critical look at ATM from the points of view of an infrastructure provider charges with upgrading the campus production network infrastructure. For this task, parameters such as product stability, availability, cost effectiveness and timing is every bit as important as, and arguably more so than the raw capabilities of the competing technologies.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Nonlinear finite element analysis of thick composite plates using cubic spline functions

A nonlinear, thick, composite plate element is developed in which the usual Kirchhoff hypothesis of plane sections remaining plane and undeformed after loading is abandoned. The displacement field is characterized by the sum of displacements with respect to a reference surface and displacements through the thickness. The through-the-thickness deformations are modeled by imposing a cubic spline function and allowing the rotations at interlaminar boundaries to be degrees of freedom in the element. The theory is developed by considering the Lagrangian strains in conjunction with the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress. This formulation leads to a quasi-threedimensional element that encompasses large displacements with moderately large rotations but is restricted to small strains. Comparisons of linear and nonlinear thick orthotropic plate solutions with those of previously published analytical and numerical results show the validity of the method.
Analysis of the impact of errors made during health data collection using mobile phones: exploring error modeling and automatic diagnosis

Mobile phones are near ubiquitous, and can be easily used to gather and store health data in remote or low resource settings. There exist many systems for supporting such data gathering, including Commcare, Frontline SMS, and OpenData Kit. Survey and health data is often collected by community health workers and frequently includes errors, due to mistakes, challenges with the input interface, systematic error or neglect [1,5]. Automatic detection of errors is important because of its potential impact on aggregate health statistics, and on individual patient treatment. In some important cases, such as tuberculosis diagnosis and monitoring, the space of possible medical diagnoses will generally be significantly smaller than the possible set of symptoms recorded. This suggests that it may be possible to build diagnostic systems whose recommendations are fairly robust to errors in the recorded patient symptoms.
An Extended Kalman filter for collaborative supply chains

Supply chains can often be complex due to the large mesh of interconnected suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and customers. Recent advances in communication technologies can help participants collaborate across a supply chain. However, the huge amount of data generated can impede effective decision-making, particularly since some data may be incomplete or have errors. Inaccurate estimates of the state of the supply chain system can lead to incorrect decisions, with consequent adverse effects on product availability, lead times and inventory levels. What would be beneficial in overcoming this problem is an approach to obtain a better state estimation of the supply chain system. The paper aims to address this issue by proposing an approach that combines an extended Kalman filter with a network approach that models the supply chain as an abstraction. This approach is termed Augmented Trans-Nets and has several potential advantages: multiple participants in a supply chain can be modelled without undue co...
A note on computing the derivative at a constant direction.

The derivative at constant direction is frequently used in inversion of cone-beam data. Several algorithms for computing the derivative have been proposed in the literature. The best algorithm to date has been proposed recently by Noo et al (2007 Phys. Med. Biol. 52 5393?414). In this note we propose a new, simple and efficient formula for computing the derivative. Numerical experiments with helical CT show that our formula and the one of Noo et al provide fairly similar spatial resolution and noise stability, even though the new formula is more efficient and easier to implement.
Chemical modification of essential arginine residues associated with the red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase

Abstract Two α-dicarbonyl reagents, phenylglyoxal and 2,3-butanedione, were used to demonstrate the presence of essential arginine residues in the mechanism of the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) storage tissue. Both the ATP-dependent 45Ca2+ transport and ITP hydrolytic activities of the Ca2+-ATPase were inhibited by these reagents. Optimal inhibition was observed at pH 7.5 and 25°. Inhibition of ATP dependent 45Ca2+ transport by phenylglyoxal and 2,3-butanedione was decreased by inclusion of ATP in the incubation medium. These results demonstrate that arginine residues are involved in the mechanism of the red beet plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase and may reside at the ATP binding region of the enzyme active site.
The Poggendorff illusion: Amputations, rotations, and other perturbations

Studies of the Poggendorff illusion (a transversal interrupted by parallel lines) showed that illusory effects increased linearly with increasing separation between the parallels, increased in inverse proportion to the tangent of the angle of intersection between transversal and parallels, decreased whenever line segments (other than a transversal segment) were omitted, decreasing to zero when the segment of a parallel forming the obtuse angle with the transversal was omitted, and varied systematically with the tilt of the whole display, approaching zero when the transversal was oriented in a horizontal or vertical position. Hypothesis: The Poggendorff illusion involves at least three kinds of effects on the perceived orientation of a segment: distortion by other segments (especially a segment intersecting at an obtuse angle), stability of vertical and Horizontal orientations, and assimilation towards vertical or horizontal.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Review and Analysis of 115 Cases

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a potentially fatal consequence of neuroleptic use that has recently gained wide attention. In this article the authors critically review the previous literature and analyze all case reports in the English-language literature (115 cases) for 43 variables. The results are discussed in light of prior literature, and recommendations are made for future research.
Spring temperature and precipitation affect tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca, population growth and Tomato spotted wilt virus spread within patches of the winter annual weed Stellaria media

Effects of temperature and rainfall timing, amount, and duration on the spread of Tomato spotted wilt virus (Bunyaviridae: genus Tospovirus; TSWV) and population growth of its primary vector, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), within patches of common chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) Cyrillo (Caryophyllaceae), were examined during the spring of 2004, 2005, and 2006. Elevated temperature treatments were investigated in an attempt to alter the age structure of F. fusca populations and change the effect of precipitation, but an average increase in daily temperature of 1 °C did not increase population size until late spring. Populations of immature F. fusca were immediately and negatively influenced by large amounts of rainfall or by rainfall distributed over three or more consecutive days during late April and early May. However, when precipitation was distributed over 1-3 days during early May, it also delayed senescence of the chickweed and ultimately resulted in a larger F. fusca population late in the season. The majority of TSWV spread within patches of chickweed occurred after mid-April. The fewest TSWV-infected chickweed plants occurred in plots that received high levels of precipitation during April or throughout spring and the amount of spread was directly related to the size of the immature F. fusca population that developed in each plot.