cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Remote Thermal Performance Monitoring and Diagnostics: Turning Data Into Knowledge

Gas turbine simple or combined cycle plants are built and operated with higher availability, reliability, and performance in order to provide the customer with sufficient operating revenues and reduced fuel costs meanwhile enhancing customer dispatch competitiveness. A tremendous amount of operational data is usually collected from the everyday operation of a power plant. It has become an increasingly important but challenging issue about how to turn this data into knowledge and further solutions via developing advanced state-of-the-art analytics. This paper presents an integrated system and methodology to pursue this purpose by automating multi-level, multi-paradigm, multi-facet performance monitoring and anomaly detection for heavy duty gas turbines. The system provides an intelligent platform to drive site-specific performance improvements, mitigate outage risk, rationalize operational pattern, and enhance maintenance schedule and service offerings via taking appropriate proactive actions. In addition, the paper also presents the components in the system, including data sensing, hardware, and operational anomaly detection, expertise proactive act of company, site specific degradation assessment, and water wash effectiveness monitoring and analytics. As demonstrated in two examples, this remote performance monitoring aims to improve equipment efficiency by converting data into knowledge and solutions in order to drive value for customers including lowering operating fuel cost and increasing customer power sales and life cycle value.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
A data-driven fuzzy approach for predicting the remaining useful life in dynamic failure scenarios of a nuclear system

Abstract This paper presents a similarity-based approach for prognostics of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of a system, i.e. the lifetime remaining between the present and the instance when the system can no longer perform its function. Data from failure dynamic scenarios of the system are used to create a library of reference trajectory patterns to failure. Given a failure scenario developing in the system, the remaining time before failure is predicted by comparing by fuzzy similarity analysis its evolution data to the reference trajectory patterns and aggregating their times to failure in a weighted sum which accounts for their similarity to the developing pattern. The prediction on the failure time is dynamically updated as time goes by and measurements of signals representative of the system state are collected. The approach allows for the on-line estimation of the RUL. For illustration, a case study is considered regarding the estimation of RUL in failure scenarios of the Lead Bismuth Eutectic eXperimental Accelerator Driven System (LBE-XADS).
Addressing the myths of cervical spine injury management

Every year in the United States about 5,000 people sustain a cervical spinal cord injury. Vastly greater numbers present to hospitals after motor vehicle crashes and falls with potential cervical spine injuries (CSI) for evaluation. This group of patients requires very careful management while undergoing evaluation for potential CSI to minimize the potential for spinal cord injury. It is, therefore, incumbent on everyone caring for these patients to distinguish between fact and fiction in regard to CSI management. This article addresses the following areas of controversy: CSI is a rare injury; patients with cranial and facial injuries are at increased risk for CSI; everyone with a significant mechanism of injury needs radiological clearance of their cervical spine; a normal cross-table lateral view radiograph excludes significant CSI; oral intubation of patients with CSI is not safe; a semi-rigid collar prevents movement of the cervical spine; and the evaluation of the cervical spine needs to begin in the resuscitation room in every patient.
Interaction between the keratin cytoskeleton and eEF1Bγ affects protein synthesis in epithelial cells

Eukaryotic elongation factor-1 (eEF1) is essential for peptide-chain elongation during translation. We report that its gamma subunit (eEF1Bgamma) specifically binds, and bundles, keratin intermediate filaments. Disrupting this interaction depresses translation by approximately 20% and selectively increases 80S ribosomes in epithelial cells, an outcome recapitulated by RNA interference-mediated silencing of eEF1Bgamma. These findings extend the emerging relationship between keratin proteins and the translational machinery.
Operational evaluation modeling

A graphical parallel process language is described that assists a system designer in visualization of system operation. Visual ization is essential when building an operational model to experiment ...
Size as a Determinant of Reading Speed

The speed of reading unrelated words as a function of luminance, size, and contrast, was measured with an eye movement monitor for fifteen young adults. Subjects read up to 5,000 words in a test session, with the exact number depending upon their acuity. The size of the smallest legible print at a given luminance and contrast for these subjects was found to fit well to the Blackwell-Taylor detection threshold data above about 1 minute of arc. At lower sizes inclusion of a resolution size term provided an excellent fit. Reading speed was fit to a number of visual performance models. It was found that for most subjects that a ratio of the print size to an estimate of the threshold print size (a VL[sub size]) gave the best fits to the data. The threshold size was computed with a fit to the Blackwell-Taylor detection threshold data, modified to include a resolution size term as above. For the sole remaining subject a slightly better fit was obtained with a VL[sub contrast] model, where again the thresholds were modified by a limiting size term. The implication of these results for visual performance modeling is discussed. The reading speed for all subjects variedmore » rapidly with size near the acuity limit, but became almost independent of visibility parameters as long as size is two times the acuity limit. These results show that size is a powerful determinant of reading speed, and suggest that minification of about 1/2 power could be used as a field test for adequate visibility.« less
Conformational studies on the enkephalin releasing peptides. Tyr-Arg and Tyr-D-Arg.

Abstract Conformational energy calculations were carried out on the enkephalin releasing peptides, Tyr-Arg and Try-D-Arg. The conformations of low energy were found to result in two configurations in which the side-chains were either on opposite sides of the backbone (R1) or parallel to one another (R2). A comparison of the two molecules suggests that configuration R2 is most probably the active structure. A method for testing this hypothesis is presented.
Pair programming in CS1: overcoming objections to its adoption

In academic year 2005-06, the Bren School considered incorporating pair programming into CS1, primarily because of reports it increased students' satisfaction with the course and improved their performance in it. Though not denying its benefits, objectors asserted that certain obstacles doomed pair programming to failure and so was not worth undertaking. We refuted some of these assertions sufficiently to proceed with pair programming in CS1; evidence from that offering allowed us to refute the remainder (as does evidence from subsequent ones). We contend our findings apply to programming classes generally and will help convince objectors that pair programming is worth attempting.
Orientation of simple amides at the bicelle-water interface of a lyotropic liquid crystal

Liquid crystal NMR (LX-NMR) spectra of seven different small amides (formamide, acetamide, cis- and trans-N-methylformamide, trans-N-methylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide) are obtained in the lyotropic liquid crystalline solvent cesium pentadecafluorooctanoate in water (CsPFO/water). Fits of the spectra to a model Hamiltonian yield magnetic dipolar couplings Dij (where i and j label two nuclear spins). The Dij are directly related to amide geometry and the details of the orientational distribution of the amide while it visits the bicelle−water interface. Using calculated gas-phase geometries, we extract the orientation tensor S for each amide to within a factor of ±1. As estimated by the rms magnitude of the eigenvalues of S, the amides vary by a factor of 30 in orientational strength in the following order: trans-N-methylacetamide (Srms = 0.0031); formamide (0.0038); acetamide (0.010); cis-N-methylformamide (0.011); trans-N-methylformamide (0.066); N,N-dimethylformamide (0.10...
School Culture and Performance: Testing the Invariance of an Organizational Model

ABSTRACT The present study examines the generalizability of a previously‐validated model concerning how visible aspects of organizational culture can affect performance within an educational environment. Data were collected from 156 upper and lower secondary‐school teachers selected at random from 26 secondary schools in Singapore. The results indicate that school performance can be determined from knowledge of a school's cultural environment. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Downregulation of Microvascular Endothelial Type B Endothelin Receptor Is a Central Vascular Mechanism in Hypertensive Pregnancy

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension with an unclear mechanism. Studies have shown endothelial dysfunction and increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in hyperten...
Field measurement of dermal soil loadings in occupational and recreational activities.

Risks associated with dermal exposure to contaminated soil are not well-characterized, but nevertheless must be estimated to define endpoints for remedial strategies. Among the parameters contributing to the uncertainty of these estimates is soil adherence to skin. Pre- and postactivity soil loadings have been obtained from hands, forearms, lower legs, faces, and/or feet of volunteers engaged in various occupational and recreational activities. These data are distinguished from other sources of estimates of soil adherence by the manner of their collection. Soil loads were obtained directly from multiple body parts before and after uncontrived exposure scenarios. Data presented for the first time here supplement prior results and roughly double the available data base. This expanded data base provides a useful perspective on types of behavior likely to lead to soil contact falling within general classes of activity (e.g., background, low, moderate, or high contact). Prior conclusions supported by the additional data include the following: (1) post-activity loadings are typically higher than preactivity levels, demonstrating that exposure is episodic; (2) hand loadings are dependent upon class of activity; (3) hand loadings generally provide conservative estimates of loadings on nonhand body parts within activity classes; and (4) hand loadings do not provide conservative estimates of nonhand loadings across activity classes. Finally quantitative estimates of relative loads on unclothed nonhand body parts are presented.
Quantum transport calculation of the frequency response of resonant-tunneling heterostructure devices

Abstract The frequency response of the quantum-well resonant-tunneling diode is calculated using quantum transport theory. The state of the device is represented by the single-particle Wigner distribution function. The Wigner function is obtained by numerical solution of the Liouville equation, subject to inhomogeneous boundary conditions that represent the ohmic contacts to the device and that introduce dissipation into the model. The small-signal ac response is calculated by a perturbation expansion about the non-equilibrium steady state. The calculations indicate that both the negative conductance and nonlinear rectification persist up to the mid terahertz region, for the design studied. This is compared to the lifetime of the resonant state inferred from the width of the scattering resonance.
Correlations and coherence in the microwave instability

Abstract We expand upon the solvable model for the microwave instability in an electron storage ring as proposed in Wang (Phys. Rev. E 58 (1998) 984). The Vlasov–Maxwell equations are reduced to an integral eigenvalue problem similar to that which arises in the Karhunen–Loeve expansion theory for stochastic processes (Goodman, Statistical Optics, Wiley, New York, 1985). We derive first- and second-order correlation functions for the electron beam line density for the microwave instability. Using a set of coherent modes the correlation functions are diagonalized. A relationship between the first- and second-order correlation functions is obtained and it is shown to be similar to that of the Hanbury-Brown Twiss experiment (Born and Wolf, Principles of Optics, 6th Edition, Pergamon press, New York, 1980; Loudon, The Quantum Theory of Light, Clarendon press, Oxford, 1983). We obtain an expression for the Wigner distribution in terms of the first-order correlation function and relate this to the power in the electric field. We introduce an entropy-like quantity to characterize the coherence of the instability.
The Relationship Between Market Efficiency and Insider Ownership in Large and Small Firms

The study examines insider ownership in large and small firms in relation to market efficiency. Recent studies have found a positive and significant relation between inside ownership and stock market performance. Such a finding is predicated upon the idea that inside ownership minimizes agency costs caused by the conflict between hired managers and shareholders. It is argued here that semi-strong form market efficiency requires that all public information, including insider ownership, be quickly impounded into the price of a stock. If that is the case, the expected present value of a change in agency cost should be incorporated into the stock price shortly after any significant change in ownership. Hence, if the estimate is unbiased, the longer-term performance of firms should not be effected by such changes. The issue is examined for both large, well-known firms and for smaller, less-known firms. The hypothesis that markets are generally efficient with respect to insider ownership information is rejected.
Distinct-value synopses for multiset operations

The task of estimating the number of distinct values (DVs) in a large dataset arises in a wide variety of settings in computer science and elsewhere. We provide DV estimation techniques for the case in which the dataset of interest is split into partitions. We create for each partition a synopsis that can be used to estimate the number of DVs in the partition. By combining and extending a number of results in the literature, we obtain both suitable synopses and DV estimators. The synopses can be created in parallel, and can be easily combined to yield synopses and DV estimates for "compound" partitions that are created from the base partitions via arbitrary multiset union, intersection, or difference operations. Our synopses can also handle deletions of individual partition elements. We prove that our DV estimators are unbiased, provide error bounds, and show how to select synopsis sizes in order to achieve a desired estimation accuracy. Experiments and theory indicate that our synopses and estimators lead to lower computational costs and more accurate DV estimates than previous approaches.
A comparison of the demographic structure and growth of free-ranging and captive groups of rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )

Vital statistics are employed to estimate rates of mortality, fetility and growth for a group of about 450 captive rhesus monkeys housed in six separate enclosures at the California Primate Research Center (CPRC). These rates were compared with those previously reported for a free-ranging group of rhesus monkeys. Relative to the free-ranging group, the CPRC monkeys experienced higher fertility below age 5 and lower mortality beyond age 3. These rates are associated with a potential intrinsic rate of increase of about 10%, a rate which is about 50% higher than that for the free-ranging group. Reasons for this marked difference in reproductive success of the two groups are discussed.
Solid-state structures of keto-disaccharides as probed by 13C cross-polarization, “magic-angle” spinning n.m.r. spectroscopy

Abstract The 13C cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) spectra of maltulose · H2O and anhydrous lactulose were examined at different applied magnetic and proton-decoupling fields B0 and B1, respectively. Whereas the spectrum of lactulose was insensitive to these changes, that of maltulose showed significant responses. From selective-relaxation experiments, a mixture of three “forms” (based on the ratio of the C-2 resonances) of both lactulose and maltulose were shown to exist in the solid state. The 360-MHz 1H spectra of the unmutarotated disaccharides in dimethyl sulfoxide solution were used to establish the tautomeric composition of these crystalline solids. The tautomeric composition of lactulose, as determined by the 1H spectrum in dimethyl sulfoxide, correlated well with the CP-MAS data, but the spectrum of unmutarotated maltulose showed only a single, β-pyranose tautomer to be present. Based on the ratio of the lactulose tautomers determined from the 1H spectrum in dimethyl sulfoxide (referenced to fructose), the C-2 resonances corresponding to each anomeric form of lactulose were assigned in the CP-MAS spectrum. A “crossover” in chemical-shift positions of the anomeric resonances was observed in going from solution to the solid state. Furthermore, a pronounced increase in the proportion of the furanoid anomers was noted for crystalline lactulose relative to its solution.
Measurement of Neck Development in Tensile Testing Using Projection Moire

The projection moire technique affords an accurate method of measuring the geometry of the necked region in a tensile specimen. Corrections to the measured stress, necessary to account for the triaxiality introduced by the neck, require values for the radius of curvature of the specimen at the minimum section. The spacing of fringes resulting from the interference between a grating projected on the specimen surface and a master grating not only provide information which permits calculation of the radius but also demonstrates any changes in symmetry resulting from plastic deformation. Results obtained by testing specimens of copper and mild steel having initially straight and initially curved profiles indicate that Bridgman's approach provides a self-consistent correction for triaxiality. However, comparison of incremental tests with continuous tests indicates that the development of neck geometry may be sensitive to the strain rate.
FDG-PET-CT as a Biomarker for Aortic Valve Inflammation

Calcific aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common heart valve disorder in the Western world. Invasive valve replacement (via surgery or percutaneously) is the sole therapy available at present in patients with symptomatic AS. In the past decade several animal and clinical studies have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of AS, suggesting it to be a consequence of an active inflammatory process similar to atherosclerosis. This knowledge has stimulated new hypotheses regarding a role for anti-inflammatory therapies in management of AS. Currently, anatomical imaging with echocardiography is the recommended modality for assessment and surveillance of AS. Biological imaging with newer molecular imaging techniques may be helpful in assessing valvular inflammation and may subsequently help in assessment of valvular effects of anti-inflammatory therapies. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is an emerging tool for quantifying inflammation within an atherosclerotic plaque. In this review, we discuss the role of anti-inflammatory therapy with statin drugs in management of AS with a focus on FDG-PET as a possible biomarker for aortic inflammation.
A Matter of Degree: Putting Unitary Inequivalence to Work

If a classical system has infinitely many degrees of freedom, its Hamiltonian quantization need not be unique up to unitary equivalence. I sketch different approaches (Hilbert space and algebraic) to understanding the content of quantum theories in light of this non‐uniqueness, and suggest that neither approach suffices to support explanatory aspirations encountered in the thermodynamic limit of quantum statistical mechanics.
Individualism-Collectivism, Social-Network Orientation, and Acculturation as Predictors of Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Among Chinese Americans

Several culturally based variables were used to predict the patterns of help-seeking attitudes among a sample of Chinese-American students (TV = 219) in a large midwestern university. Cultural values operationalized by H. C. Triandis, R. Bontempo, M. J. Villareal, M. Asai, and N. Lucca's (1988) Individualism-Collectivism Scale, social support attitudes operationalized by A. Vaux's (1985) Network Orientation Scale, and the continuous variable of acculturation operationalized by the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (R. M. Suinn, K. Rickard-Figueroa, S. Lew, & P. Vigil, 1987) were selected as predictors of attitudes as measured by E. H. Fischer and J. L. Turner's (1970) Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale. Each of the 4 independent variables were found to be significant predictors of attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help. The counseling and research implications of the results are discussed. Research on cross-cultural issues that have an impact on counseling and psychotherapy has gained an impetus only since the 1970s (Atkinson, 1985). Atkinson (1985) examined reviews that had critically summarized studies dealing with the relationship between cultural and counseling variables (Atkinson, 1983; Harrison, 1975; Sattler, 1977). Three important characteristics of the studies conducted before 1985 stood out. First, most of the research had focused on relations between African Americans and Caucasians and had not examined other racial and ethnic groups. Second, the settings in which a large proportion of the studies had been conducted were mental health outpatient clinics or psychiatric hospital inpatient units, not college counseling centers. Third, either a survey or an archival research design had been used in a majority of the studies. These observations can also be made about a large number of studies that have examined the role of ethnic and racial variables in areas of psychology other than those of counseling and psychotherapy. Atkinson (1985) recommended that researchers study a number of different ethnic and racial groups, investigate within-group variables, such as self-designated identity and cultural commitment, and do more research in college settings. These recommendations are valuable for studies on a number of psychological issues and processes. Some of these issues include attitudes, values, experiences, expectations, beliefs, and social-support systems of members of different ethnic groups (Root, 1985). These factors affect a number of behaviors, one of which is the act of seeking professional psychological help. Research has shown that members of non-Caucasian ethnic groups
Our Fallen Genomes

Few human conceits are as relentlessly undermined by science as humans' naive assumptions about our own perfection. Charles Darwin abolished one such set of assumptions by showing that “inferior creations” are man's evolutionary cousins. However, Darwin's theory of evolution ultimately abetted a modern conceit—that the genomes in our cells are highly optimized end products of evolution. Genome sequencing is now challenging this view on many levels. On page 632 of this issue, McConnell et al. show that somatic mutations are abundant in neurons in the human brain ( 1 ).
Cancer-associated thrombosis: An update

Cancer-associated thrombosis is a common complication seen in oncology patients, and its incidence is rising. Thromboembolism is the second most common cause of death in cancer patients. Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with high rate of recurrence, increased risk of bleeding, and a requirement for long-term anticoagulation. The hypercoagulable state in cancer involves several complex interdependent mechanisms including emerging roles for tumor-derived tissue factor and platelets. Identifying patients at risk for VTE and utilizing available anticoagulant agents for primary or secondary prophylaxis is crucial to reduce morbidity, enhance quality of life, and improve survival.
Long-Term Complications following Gamma Knife Radiosurgery of Vestibular Schwannomas

Since its inception in 1969, Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) for vestibular schwannomas has been documented as an efficient and safe procedure based on more than 8,000 treatments worldwide. The author’
Child characteristics and maternal speech.

Infant temperament characteristics of activity level, task persistence and affect were measured in an eight-month longitudinal study of eight children. Discourse and pragmatic features of their mothers' speech, specifically total number of utterances and use of self-repetitions, directives and attention-getting devices, were also monitored. Pearson correlation analysis suggested complex interactions between maternal speech and infant temperament. In some cases a maternal speech pattern appears to maintain an infant temperament characteristic. In others, a child characteristic appears to maintain a maternal speech form. The results are used to argue that non-linguistic child behaviours may influence maternal speech and deserve further attention in investigations of the link between maternal speech and child-language development.
Shoulder arthroplasty in the patient with metal hypersensitivity.

Background The in vivo effects of metal hypersensitivity remain a topic of much debate. At the core of this debate is the possible, although still hotly contested, link between metal hypersensitivity and poorly functioning or failing implants. There are multiple studies on this topic in the hip and knee arthroplasty literature, but the applicability of this experience to shoulder arthroplasty remains unclear. Although how often metal hypersensitivity affects shoulder arthroplasty patients remains uncertain, a multitude of case reports have implicated metallic implants as a source of local and systemic allergic reactions. We recommend a cautious approach to patients with a history of metal hypersensitivity, including a careful evaluation of suspected metal hypersensitivities in all patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty. If available, we recommend a metallic implant with low to no nickel content in patients with metal hypersensitivity. Given the large and increasing, number of total shoulder arthroplasty procedures and the high percentage of the population having a known or suspected metal hypersensitivity, this review is intended to guide and educate the shoulder surgeon in the evaluation and treatment of this patient population and to point out the areas where evidence-based recommendations are lacking.
Unconfined mobile Bluetooth nursing and daily data collection

The increasing nursing shortage makes people turn to cutting-edge technology. Nursing systems utilizing the Bluetooth technique have appeared as an alternative to the shortage. They give patients the freedom of moving around. However, the mobility is confined inside the ward, hospital or house. This paper proposed a nursing system prototype by making use of the existing cell phone network. It has flexibility and allows the patients to go anywhere they like while still providing the same good medical care service. As an additional benefit, the proposed prototype can free people from the trivial typing burden in computer data management.
Dissimilatory iron reduction in Escherichia coli: identification of CymA of Shewanella oneidensis and NapC of E. coli as ferric reductases

Over geological time scales, microbial reduction of chelated Fe(III) or Fe(III) minerals has profoundly affected today's composition of our bio- and geosphere. However, the electron transfer reactions that are specific and defining for dissimilatory iron(III)-reducing (DIR) bacteria are not well understood. Using a synthetic biology approach involving the reconstruction of the putative electron transport chain of the DIR bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in Escherichia coli, we showed that expression of cymA was necessary and sufficient to convert E. coli into a DIR bacterium. In intact cells, the Fe(III)-reducing activity was limited to Fe(III) NTA as electron acceptor. In vitro biochemical analysis indicated that CymA, which is a cytoplasmic membrane-associated tetrahaem c-type cytochrome, carries reductase activity towards Fe(III) NTA, Fe(III) citrate, as well as to AQDS, a humic acid analogue. The in vitro specific activities of Fe(III) citrate reductase and AQDS reductase of E. coli spheroplasts were 10x and 30x higher, respectively, relative to the specific rates observed in intact cells, suggesting that access of chelated and insoluble forms of Fe(III) and AQDS is restricted in whole cells. Interestingly, the E. coli CymA orthologue NapC also carried ferric reductase activity. Our data support the argument that the biochemical mechanism of Fe(III) reduction per se was not the key innovation leading to environmental relevant DIR bacteria. Rather, the evolution of an extension of the electron transfer pathway from the Fe(III) reductase CymA to the cell surface via a system of periplasmic and outer membrane cytochrome proteins enabled access to diffusion-impaired electron acceptors.
Hermes RNA-binding protein targets RNAs-encoding proteins involved in meiotic maturation, early cleavage, and germline development

The early development of metazoans is mainly regulated by differential translation and localization of maternal mRNAs in the embryo. In general, these processes are orchestrated by RNA-binding proteins interacting with specific sequence motifs in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of their target RNAs. Hermes is an RNA-binding protein, which contains a single RNA recognition motif (RRM) and is found in various vertebrate species from fish to human. In Xenopus laevis, Hermes mRNA and protein are localized in the vegetal region of oocytes. A subpopulation of Hermes protein is concentrated in a specific structure in the vegetal cortex, called the germ plasm (believed to contain determinants of the germ cell fate) where Hermes protein co-localizes with Xcat2 and RINGO/Spy mRNAs. The level of total Hermes protein decreases during maturation. The precocious depletion of Hermes protein by injection of Hermes antisense morpholino oligonucleotide (HE-MO) accelerates the process of maturation and results in cleavage defects in vegetal blastomeres of the embryo. It is known that several maternal mRNAs including RINGO/Spy and Mos are regulated at the translational level during meiotic maturation and early cleavage in Xenopus. The ectopic expression of RINGO/Spy or Mos causes resumption of meiotic maturation and cleavage arrests, which resemble the loss of Hermes phenotypes. We found that the injection of HE-MO enhances the acceleration of maturation caused by the injection of RINGO/Spy mRNA, and that Hermes protein is present as mRNP complex containing RINGO/Spy, Mos, and Xcat2 mRNAs in vivo. We propose that as an RNA-binding protein, Hermes may be involved in maturation, cleavage events at the vegetal pole and germ cell development by negatively regulating the expression of RINGO/Spy, Mos, and Xcat2 mRNAs.
On computing the discrete Fourier transform of a linear phase sequence

Efficient fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms to compute the forward and inverse discrete Fourier transforms (DFT) of a sequence with linear-phase characteristic are examined. These reduce the computational requirements as regards a complex FFT by large factors and should be used whenever applicable. The case when the DFT coefficients are real-valued leads to further reductions in computational requirements. Though the redundancy in the linear-phase situation is exactly 50%, the computational requirements and implementation are quite different from the real-valued FFT which uses a similar symmetry relation. The code for such implementations can be easily written by simple restructuring of a complex FFT algorithm. >
Thermal Conductance of Heat Transfer Interfaces for Conductively Cooled Superconducting Magnets

Minimizing thermal resistances across interfaces is critical for efficient thermal performance of conductively cooled superconducting magnet systems. Thermal conductance measurements have been made for a flexible thermal coupling, designed to accommodate magnet-to-cryocooler and cryocooler-to-shield relative motion, and an interface incorporating Multilam designed as a sliding thermal connector for cryocoolers. Temperature changes were measured across each interface as a function of heat input. Thermal conductances have been calculated for each interface, and the impact of each interface on conductively cooled magnet systems will be discussed.
Contrasting effects of invasive insects and fire on ecosystem water use efficiency

We used eddy covariance and meteorological measurements to estimate net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE), gross ecosystem production (GEP), evapotranspira- tion (Et), and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUEe; calcu- lated as GEP / Et during dry canopy conditions) in three up- land forests in the New Jersey Pinelands, USA, that were de- foliated by gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) or burned us- ing prescribed fire. Before disturbance, half-hourly daytime NEE during full sunlight conditions, daily GEP, and daily WUEe during the summer months were greater at the oak- dominated stand compared to the mixed or pine-dominated stands. Both defoliation by gypsy moth and prescribed burn- ing reduced stand leaf area and nitrogen mass in foliage. Dur- ing complete defoliation in 2007 at the oak stand, NEE dur- ing full sunlight conditions and daily GEP during the sum- mer averaged only 14 and 35 % of pre-disturbance values. Midday NEE and daily GEP then averaged 58 and 85 %, and 71 and 78 % of pre-defoliation values 1 and 2 years following complete defoliation, respectively. Prescribed fires conducted in the dormant season at the mixed and pine- dominated stands reduced NEE during full sunlight condi- tions and daily GEP during the following summer to 57 and 68 %, and 79 and 82 % of pre-disturbance values, respec- tively. Daily GEP during the summer was a strong func- tion of N mass in foliage at the oak and mixed stands, but a weaker function of N in foliage at the pine-dominated stand. Ecosystem WUEe during the summer at the oak and mixed stands during defoliation by gypsy moth averaged 1.6 and 1.1 g C kg H2O 1 , representing 60 and 46 % of pre- disturbance values. In contrast, prescribed fires at the mixed and pine-dominated stands had little effect on WUEe. Two years following complete defoliation by gypsy moth, WUEe during the summer averaged 2.1 g C kg H2O 1 , 80 % of pre- disturbance values. WUEe was correlated with canopy N content only at the oak-dominated stand. Overall, our results indicate that WUEe during and following non-stand replac- ing disturbance is dependent on both the type and time since disturbance.
Modeling the Bilingual Lexicon of an Individual Subject

Lexicon is a central component in any language processing system, whether human or artificial. Recent empirical evidence suggests that a multilingual lexicon consists of a single component representing word meanings, and separate component for the symbols in each language. These components can be modeled as self-organizing maps, with associative connections between them implementing comprehension and production. Computational experiments in this paper show that such a model can trained to match the proficiency and age of acquisition of particular bilingual individuals. In the future, it may be possible to use such models to predict the effect of rehabilitation of bilingual aphasia, resulting in more effective treatments.
Coexistence of deep- and shallow-water foraminiferal faunas off Panama City, Florida

Benthic box core sampling along a transect off Panama City, Florida, in the vicinity of the DeSoto Canyon, from 37-m to 200-m depths, were run throughout the Bureau of Land Management's Outer Continental Shelf environmental assessment program for the Mississippi-Alabama-Florida (MAFLA) area from 1974 through 1978. Seasonal samples were taken and analyzed for benthic distribution, abundance, diversity, and faunal affinities. The most striking feature brought out by foraminiferal analyses was the mixture of foraminifera from different depth zones. Species normally found in abundance only at depths of > 100 m in adjacent areas were living at all shallower depths, including 37 m. Coexisting with the deeper assemblage were all of the species normally encountered at the shallow depths. Species diversity, normally showing a progressional increase from inner to outer shelf, either remained constant or decreased due to the decrease of shallow-water species with depth. Along with this mixed assemblage, there was a planktonic foraminiferal content in the shallowest assemblage of as much as 25%. Normally, planktonic percentage of similar water depths is 0%. Seasonality had minor effects on the assemblages. The planktonic content is attributed to Loop Current water providing open-Gulf water to the inner shelf. Because the Loop Current is intermittent, the consistently high percentages of deeper-water species on the inner shelf must be attributed to up-welling currents providing cooler, deeper water to the inner shelf. However, since this deeper water did not restrict survival of shallow-water species, multiple factors must be considered for controlling benthic foraminiferal distribution.
Caregivers' Concerns about Judgment and Safety of Patients with Brain Injury: A Preliminary Investigation

Objective To identify caregivers' most common concerns about the judgment and safety of patients with brain injury in home and community environments. To quantify caregivers' stress levels and their level of comfort leaving patients at home unsupervised and examine the interrelationships between caregivers' safety and judgment ratings, stress levels, and levels of comfort leaving patients unattended. Design Retrospective, cross-sectional design. Setting Outpatient brain injury neuropsychology clinic at a university medical center. Participants A convenience sample of 121 caregivers of traumatic brain injury survivors at least 1 month postinjury and 18 years of age or older. Main Outcome Measurements Scores in 9 domains from the Judgment and Safety Screening Inventory; ratings of stress levels and levels of comfort leaving patients at home unattended derived from the General Health and History Questionnaire. Results Caregivers' most common judgment and safety-related concerns were in the Travel and Financial domains, with many reflecting patients' memory deficits. Heightened caregiver stress levels were prevalent. Higher levels of concern about judgment and safety were associated with higher stress levels and concerns about leaving patients unattended. Conclusions Consistent with research on patients with other types of neurological disorders, concerns about driving and financial management among caregivers are prevalent. Additional research is needed to identify the most cost-effective methods of evaluating patients and enabling them to function at their highest level in the community.
Departmental differences can point the way to improving female retention in computer science

Departmental attrition data from one state show that the difference between male and female rates of undergraduate attrition from computer science varies by institution. This analysis suggests that departmental factors are important in attrition from CS. Some CS departments inhibit female persistence at the undergraduate level while other departments promote persistence. The observed variation encourages research that compares departmental characteristics such as structure and culture, and relates them to departmental outcomes. Shifting the research focus to departmental characteristics and outcomes will identify effective methods for retaining women.
The reliability of thyroid nodule ultrasound features and size to predict malignancy in fine needle aspiration specimens: Practical utility for the evaluating pathologist

Background The prognostic impact of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules is debated. We explore the correlation between nodule size, echogenicity on US, and malignancy. Methods We performed a retrospective review of thyroid nodules undergoing ultrasound guided FNA (US-FNA) at our institution between 01/2008-05/2013. Results In all, 2,403 nodules from 2,293 patients (age range 14–91, mean 54, median 56, M: F-1:3.2) underwent US-FNA. 766 nodules were resected, 337 were malignant (size range 0.4-8.7 cm, median 2 cm, mean 2.37 cm,) and 429 were benign (size range 0.5–9.7 cm, median 2.5 cm, mean 2.79 cm). The malignant diagnoses included: classical variant of PTC 77 (size range 0.5–5.5 cm, mean 1.5 cm), follicular variant of PTC 209 (size range 0.14–7.5 cm, mean 2.1 cm), tall cell variant of PTC 7 (size range 0.5–2.4 cm, mean1.4 cm), poorly differentiated carcinoma 5 (size range 5–8.7 cm, mean 6.42 cm), follicular carcinoma 27 (size range 0.5–7 cm, mean 3.03 cm), and oncocytic follicular carcinoma 9 cases (size range 1.4–7.2 cm, mean 3.2 cm). Of the malignant nodules with echogenicity reported on US, 93 were hypoechoic, 26 hyperechoic, 20 isoechoic, and 76 heteroechoic; increased vascularity on US was seen in 69/337 (20%). On US, 105 benign nodules were reported as hypoechoic, 35 hyperechoic, 43 isoechoic, and 100 as heterogeneous; increased vascularity on US was seen in 88/429 (20%). Conclusions A malignant diagnosis was more common in thyroid nodules ≤1.0 cm. No differences were noted in the US-features of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:471–477. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Titanic tales of missing men: Reconfigurations of national identity and gendered presence in Dakar, Senegal

Amidst a "crisis" of clandestine migration in West Africa, tales about the exploits of "missing men" circulated through Dakar, Senegal. In this article, I explore how these myths enabled debate about the changing parameters of male social visibility, nation building, and social success in the city at the same time that they paradoxically recast as spectacularly present men who had failed to achieve by these standards. I argue that both public discourse about and scholarly analysis of the impact of transnational migration on those left behind recenter the activities of some men, rendering invisible other modes of being and belonging.
Quantum phase transition between orbital-selective Mott states in Hund's metals

We report a quantum phase transition between orbital-selective Mott states, with different localized orbitals, in a Hund's metals model. Using the density matrix renormalization group, the phase diagram is constructed varying the electronic density and Hubbard $U$, at robust Hund's coupling. We demonstrate that this transition is preempted by charge fluctuations and the emergence of free spinless fermions, as opposed to the magnetically driven Mott transition. The Luttinger correlation exponent is shown to have a universal value in the strong-coupling phase, whereas it is interaction dependent at intermediate couplings. At weak coupling we find a second transition from a normal metal to the intermediate-coupling phase.
A new class of convex functions for delay modeling and its application to the transistor sizing problem [CMOS gates]

This paper derives a methodology for developing accurate convex delay models to be used for transistor sizing. A new rich class of convex functions to model gate delay is presented and the circuit delay under such a model is shown to be equivalent to a convex function. The richness of these functions is exploited to accurately model gate delay for modern designs. Since the delay under this model is a convex function, optimal sizing algorithms based on convex programming techniques are applied with the new delay model. Experimental results demonstrating the accuracy of proposed model are presented along with results of sizing various test circuits.
SVM learning of IP address structure for latency prediction

We examine the ability to exploit the hierarchical structure of Internet addresses in order to endow network agents with predictive capabilities. Specifically, we consider Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for prediction of round-trip latency to random network destinations the agent has not previously interacted with. We use kernel functions to transform the structured, yet fragmented and discontinuous, IP address space into a feature space amenable to SVMs. Our SVM approach is accurate, fast, suitable to on-line learning and generalizes well. SVM regression on a large, randomly collected data set of 30,000 Internet latencies yields a mean prediction error of 25ms using only 20% of the samples for training. Our results are promising for equipping end-nodes with intelligence for service selection, user-directed routing, resource scheduling and network inference. Finally, feature selection analysis finds that the eight most significant IP address bits provide surprisingly strong discriminative power.
Texture Evolution in Nanocrystalline Fe Induced by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment

The texture evolution of the pure iron sample after the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) was investigated by means of electron backscattering and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Experimental observations indicated that four sections along depth were formed in the pure iron sample during the SMAT, i.e., nanostructured regime in the surface layer, submicro-sized, micro-sized and plastic deformed regime. Compared to the microstructure of sample, texture analysis was performed. It can be found that the //ND fiber texture is the prominent texture. A strong orientation of (110)[11] along the //ND fiber was formed in the plastic deformed regime, and as the depth from the top surface decreases, //ND fiber texture intensity increases. The maximum intensity was reached in the micro-sized regime, and then it start to reduce. In the nanostructured regime, //ND fiber texture nearly disappear.
The role of moral and spiritual capital in a social entrepreneur's personal development: a brief review of the literature

The literature concerning social entrepreneurship is relatively nascent. This paper will provide a brief review of moral and spiritual capital, and how they affect the development and possible efficacy of social entrepreneurs. These two forms of capital should be considered similar to other forms of capital such as human, intellectual, social and financial capital. The paper will also highlight the important function that Faith-Based Organisations (FBOs) of all religions perform to benefit society.