cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of polyribonoinosinic acid polyribocytidylic acid and a mouse interferon preparation on cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase systems in cultures of primary mouse hepatocytes.

Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that a variety of interferon-inducing agents depress cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase systems when administered to rats. With the expectation that the use of cultured hepatocytes would provide a more accessible means of studying the mechanism by which interferon-inducing agents depress these enzyme systems, measurements were made of the effects of the interferon inducer, poly rI·rC and a crude preparation of mouse interferon on the cytochrome P-450 content and aminopyrine N-demethylase and benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activities of primary, nonreplicating mouse hepatocytes maintained on floating collagen membranes. During the first 24 hr of culture, hepatocytes lost about 80% of their cytochrome P-450, 97% of their aminopyrine N-demethylase activity, and 90% of their benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity. The specific activity of cytochrome P-450 (nanomoles of [14C]formaldehyde formed from the N-demethylation of aminopyrine per nanomole of P-450 per minute) was lowered from 4.6 to as little as [unknown] this value. Exposure of the cultures to poly rI·rC (5 µg/ml of culture) during the second 24 hr of culture caused a 40% increase in the cytochrome P-450 content of the hepatocytes. The specific activity of cytochrome P-450 de novo relative to the N-demethylation of aminopyrine was restored to that of the cytochrome P-450 of freshly isolated hepatocytes or the cytochrome P-450 of microsomes isolated from liver homogenates. The mouse interferon preparation (1000 units/ml of culture medium) was considerably less potent as an inducer of cytochrome P-450 in cultured hepatocytes, but the specific activity of the cytochrome P-450 de novo induced by mouse interferon was as high as that of the cytochrome P-450 induced by poly rI·rC. Relative to benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity, the specific activity of the cytochrome P-450 that survived the first 24 hr of culture was about the same as that for the cytochrome P-450 of microsomes isolated from liver homogenates. Both poly rI·rC and mouse interferon preparation induced the hydroxylase activity in 24-hr-old cultures of hepatocytes. Poly rI·rC did not induce the hydroxylase activity in cultured Reuber hepatoma cells. Poly rI·rC was shown to induce interferon activity in cultured hepatocytes. Methods are described for the determination of aminopyrine N-demethylase and benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activities and cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5, and DNA contents of cultured hepatocytes from one mouse.
A literature review of Thai leadership style with application to Christian leadership models and church governance in Thailand

Although some research studies have been conducted on Thai leadership styles, a survey of the literature on the subject reveals that these studies have not been applied to the Christian churches in Thailand. This short review of the literature shows that the preferred leadership style of Thai people is changing from the traditional authoritarian leadership style to a consultative leadership style. However, American and other international church denominations in Thailand continue to favor their own non-Thai governance systems over the more natural Thai church governance structures. I contend that this is detrimental to church growth and, based on the literature, I make several suggestions for mission agencies striving to indigenize Thai church leadership structures.
Dynamics of Surface Bound Polymers and Coupling Agents

Composite materials have mechanical properties which depend not only upon the properties of each of their components, but also upon the details of the interactions between the components. These interactions take place at the interfacial region. In order to further our understanding of the macroscopic properties, it is necessary to expand our knowledge of the interface at the microscopic level. It is hoped that information about the molecular motion of the surface-adsorbed species in the interfacial region will some day aid in the development of new composite materials and in the understanding of their properties.
2.95 µm Intracavity Difference-Frequency Laser

CW radiation at 2.95 μm has been generated by intracavity difference-frequency mixing. Noncritical phase matching in a y-cut KTP crystal was used to mix the 1.064-μm intracavity field of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser with an external input at 0.78 μm.
Intracellular Delivery of Anti-pPKCθ (Thr538) via Protein Transduction Domain Mimics for Immunomodulation

Targeting cellular proteins with antibodies, to better understand cellular signaling pathways in the context of disease modulation, is a fast-growing area of investigation. Humanized antibodies are increasingly gaining attention for their therapeutic potential, but the collection of cellular targets is limited to those secreted from cells or expressed on the cell surface. This approach leaves a wealth of intracellular proteins unexplored as putative targets for antibody binding. Protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) is essential to T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, and its phosphorylation at specific residues is required for its activity. Here we report on the design, synthesis, and characterization of a protein transduction domain mimic capable of efficiently delivering an antibody against phosphorylated PKCθ (Thr538) into human peripheral mononuclear blood cells and altering expression of downstream indicators of T cell activation and differentiation. We used a humanized, lymphocyte transfer model of graft-versus-host disease, to evaluate the durability of protein transduction domain mimic:Anti-pPKCθ modulation, when delivered into human peripheral mononuclear blood cells ex vivo. We demonstrate that protein transduction domain mimic:Antibody complexes can be readily introduced with high efficacy into hard-to-transfect human peripheral mononuclear blood cells, eliciting a biological response sufficient to alter disease progression. Thus, protein transduction domain mimic:Antibody delivery may represent an efficient ex vivo approach to manipulating cellular responses by targeting intracellular proteins.
Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Pleura: A Rare Complication of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as Marjolin ulcer, is a rare complication of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Metastatic SCC from HS typically involves the axial skeleton or abdominopelvic viscera. Metastatic disease to the lungs is a rare phenomenon with only three reported cases of lung parenchyma. We present a biopsy proven case of metastatic SCC to the pleura from gluteal HS. CASE REPORT A 46-year-old male with a history of recently diagnosed Marjolin ulcer secondary to gluteal HS was transferred to our intensive care unit for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to recurrent pleural effusion. On examination, patient was febrile (38.3 °C), normotensive (blood pressure 98/65 mm Hg), tachycardic (116 beats/minute) and tachypneic (40 breaths/minute) with oxygen saturation of 93% on room air. He was in moderate distress requiring endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Chest examination revealed decreased breath sounds bilaterally and skin examination was significant for 18 cm wide sacral lesion. CT thorax showed bilateral pleural effusions, pleural thickening, and scattered nodular densities within both lungs concerning for metastatic disease. Thoracentesis showed lymphocyte predominant exudate with negative cytology for malignant cells. A video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) illustrated thickened pleural rind with histopathology and positive p40 stain consistent with invasive well-to-moderately differentiated keratinizing SCC. CONCLUSIONS SCC arising from HS is rare and metastatic disease to the pleura has not been reported previously. Strong clinical suspicion for malignancy is warranted in patients with advanced HS and evolving pulmonary symptoms despite negative cytology.
Single nucleotide polymorphism markers for rapid detection of the Rsv4 locus for soybean mosaic virus resistance in diverse germplasm

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) causes a substantial decrease in soybean yield and reduction of seed quality. The most effective management strategy to control the virus is the deployment of host resistance. Seven SMV strains and three independent multi-allelic loci for SMV resistance have been identified previously. The goal of this research was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with SMV resistance at the Rsv4 locus. Ten soybean accessions, with confirmed resistance genes, were used for sequencing the candidate gene Glyma.02g121400. Alignment of these sequences revealed three SNPs displaying 100% consistency for genotypes carrying the Rsv4 gene. These SNPs were applied for a rapid screen of diverse soybean germplasm using the Sequenom iPLEX Gold platform, phenotyped with SMV-G1 and G7 strains to determine phenotype and classified into several groups carrying the proposed R-gene. The population of V94-5152 (Rsv4) × Lee 68 (rsv) was screened using novel SNPs to create a genetic map with improved resolution to determine the location of the Rsv4. To observe the recombination frequencies within the population, three additional SNPs on both sides of the Glyma.02g121400 gene were added. A linkage map revealed a distance of 3.6 cM between the Rsv4 locus and the closest SNP, thus shifting the putative Rsv4 region downstream on chromosome 2. With this region, five candidate genes have been proposed. The genomic position of the discovered SNPs, linked to the Rsv4, could increase screening precision and accelerate breeding efforts to develop multi-strain-resistant crops.
Electronic and structural analysis of ultra-small-diameter metal disilicide nanowires

This work describes an ab initio study of the electronic structure, electron transport, and energetic properties of cobalt disilicide (CoSi2) and nickel disilicide (NiSi2) nanowires with widths ranging from approximately 0.5 to 2.5 nm using density functional theory. The effects of oxidation on the nanowire surface are considered and are found to reduce the ballistic conductance by approximately 27% for both species considered. The cohesive energies for both the bulk species as well as the nanowires are found to be significantly stronger than for copper, indicating excellent structural stability. While the lower limit of electrical resistance calculated via the ballistic conductance is still significantly larger than that of Cu nanowires of comparable dimensions, the strong intrinsic lattice energy of the disilicide nanowires suggests that they can be fabricated without the need for diffusion barriers and will exhibit superior resistance to self-diffusion and electromigration.
Incorporating a Commercial Biology Cloud Lab into Online Education

Traditional biology classes include lab experiments, which are missing from online education. Key challenges include the development of online tools to interface with laboratory resources, back-end logistics, cost, and scale-up. The recent emergence of biology cloud lab companies offers a promising, unexplored opportunity to integrate such labs into online education. We partnered with a cloud lab company to develop a customized prototype platform for graduate biology education based on bacterial growth measurements under antibiotic stress. We evaluated the platform in terms of (i) reliability, cost, and throughput; (ii) its ease of integration into general course content; and (iii) the flexibility and appeal of available experiment types. We were successful in delivering the lab; students designed and ran their own experiments, and analyzed their own data. However, the biological variability and reproducibility of these online experiments posed some challenges. Overall, this approach is very promising, but not yet ready for large-scale deployment in its present form; general advancements in relevant technologies should change this situation soon. We also deduce general lessons for the deployment of other (biology and non-biology) cloud labs.
Predicting College Completion Among Students with Learning Disabilities

The authors analyzed National Longitudinal Transition Study–2 (NLTS2) data to examine the role of high school academic preparation and receipt of postsecondary academic support services (PASS) in p...
Awareness of Drug-Drug Interactions between Synthetic Hormones and Anti-Epileptic Medications: A Survey of Neurology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Internal Medicine, and Psychiatry Residents (P01.034)

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the awareness of drug interactions between anti-epileptic medications (AEDs) and synthetic hormones among neurology, obstetrics and gynecology (ob/gyn), internal medicine, and psychiatry residents. BACKGROUND: Choosing an appropriate form of contraception is difficult for women taking anti-epileptic medications as many of these drugs have significant interactions with hormonal contraception. It is critical for providers to be aware of these drug-drug interactions as AEDs are one of the most frequently prescribed medications. Studies have shown that physician knowledge of the effect of enzyme-inducing AEDs (EI-AEDs) on oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) is poor. Prior studies did not address the interactions of EI-AEDs on other forms of contraception or the interactions of hormonal contraception with lamotrigine. DESIGN/METHODS: A survey of drug-drug interactions between hormonal contraception and anti-epileptic medications was distributed to residents at our institution. RESULTS: Nineteen neurology, 22 ob/gyn, 29 internal medicine, and 15 psychiatry residents responded. The majority of internal medicine and psychiatry residents indicated that they did not know the answers to all questions. Most of the ob/gyn and neurology residents knew that carbamazepine and phenytoin decreased the efficacy of OCPs. However, both groups were not aware that carbamazepine interacts with other forms of hormonal contraception. Furthermore, 85% of ob/gyn and 63% of neurology residents did not know that topiramate may decrease the efficacy of OCPs. Sixty-five percent of ob/gyn and 47% of neurology residents were unaware that oral contraception can lower lamotrigine levels. CONCLUSIONS: Awareness regarding important interactions between AEDs and hormonal contraception is low in all specialties. As these medications continue to be prescribed for conditions other than epilepsy, it is vital that physicians become aware of these interactions in order to provide optimal care to women of childbearing age. Further education through the development of guidelines and interactive educational materials is important and recommended during residency training. Disclosure: Dr. Sahay has nothing to disclose. Dr. Garic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gawron has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hammond has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kennedy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Macken has received personal compensation with activities from Cyberonics and Lundbeck Inc. Dr. Macken has received research support from UCB Pharma. Dr. Schuele received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma, GSK and Lundbeck as speaker. Dr. Stika has nothing to disclose. Dr. York has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gerard has nothing to disclose.
Liver tumor potency indicators for technical toxaphene and congeners simulating weathered toxaphene

Technical toxaphene (TT) is a liver tumor promoter in B6C3F1 mice but not in F344 rats. To further evaluate dose-response relationships for weathered toxaphene, B6C3F1 mouse hepatocytes were treate...
Using experimental patternmaking and digital technologies to design and create a self-help childrenswear ensemble

Little research exists for use of experimental patternmaking methods to create apparel in conjunction with other design techniques, for markets outside of adult apparel, or around a specific inspiration. This research explored through practice the outcome when the planar flux experimental patternmaking technique was used to create a sustainable garment design, incorporating self-help childrenswear design principles, digital textile printing, and the Celtic selkie legend as inspiration. The findings demonstrate the planar flux method could be successfully combined with all the components but was not effective in reducing fabric consumption. Planar flux is sustainable in that it reduces time for development, material waste, and labor costs. The design of the final ensemble permitted ease of donning and doffing without adult assistance. Future implications include considerations for the design of experimental patternmaking methods in conjunction with other aesthetic and functional design components and implications for apparel designers and the home sewing/patterning market.
Internal Carotid Occlusion in a Newborn

The vascular laboratory was called to the neonatal intensive care unit to perform a carotid duplex examination on a 2-day-old infant. This term female newborn was delivered via caesarian because of...
Spliceosomal components protect embryonic neurons from R-loop-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis.

ABSTRACT RNA splicing factors are essential for the viability of all eukaryotic cells; however, in metazoans some cell types are exquisitely sensitive to disruption of splicing factors. Neuronal cells represent one such cell type, and defects in RNA splicing factors can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. The basis for this tissue selectivity is not well understood owing to difficulties in analyzing the consequences of splicing factor defects in whole-animal systems. Here, we use zebrafish mutants to show that loss of spliceosomal components, including splicing factor 3b, subunit 1 ( sf3b1 ), causes increased DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in embryonic neurons. Moreover, these mutants show a concomitant accumulation of R-loops, which are non-canonical nucleic acid structures that promote genomic instability. Dampening R-loop formation by conditional induction of ribonuclease H1 in sf3b1 mutants reduced neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. These findings show that splicing factor dysfunction leads to R-loop accumulation and DNA damage that sensitizes embryonic neurons to apoptosis. Our results suggest that diseases associated with splicing factor mutations could be susceptible to treatments that modulate R-loop levels.
A Family Of Neurotransmitter Receptors Couple to a Potassium Conductance

It has been well known for several years that an important inhibitory mechanism in mammalian nervous tissue is an increase in the conductance of the membrane to chloride ions (Coombs et al. 1955). The two major substances involved in this mechanism are GABA and glycine and it is now known that their action is exerted through membrane receptors which incorporate the chloride ion channel (Grenningloh et al. 1987; Schofield et al. 1987). The role of potassium conductance increase in neuronal inhibition has been less clearly demonstrated except for some notable work in the invertebrate nervous system (Kehoe, 1972) and, particularly, in the mechanism of vagal inhibition of the heart (Trautwein & Dudel, 1958). Whereas the effects of agents that increase chloride conductance may be either excitatory or inhibitory, depending on the absolute magnitude of the chloride equilibrium potential, an increase in the cell conductance to potassium ions is universally inhibitory if it is sufficiently strong. This chapter describes some examples of synaptic inhibition mediated by potassium conductance increase in mammalian neurones, and points out that this mechanism of neuronal inhibition seems likely to be common to the action of agonists at an increasing number of neurotransmitter receptors.
Autoradiographic Localization of FSH-Binding Sites on Sertoli Cells and Spermatogonia in Testes from Hypophysectomized Rats

It is now well established that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) acts primarily on the seminiferous tubule of the mammalian testis, and that receptors for this action are located on tubule plasma membranes. Specific FSH-binding sites have been demonstrated in isolated seminiferous tubules from immature and mature rats, and it has been shown that most of the binding activity resides in the plasma membrane fraction (Means and Vaitukaitis, 1972; Means, 1973). The biochemical events that are initiated by the binding of FSH to its receptor are also well characterized. Incubation of FSH with either seminiferous tubules (Dorrington et al., 1972) or plasma membranes isolated from tubules (Means, 1975) results in an elevation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels that is hormone-and tissue-specific. The cAMP seems to act as an intracellular messenger, causing activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and subsequent transcriptional and translational events (Means, 1975).
A historical perspective on the role of state hospitals viewed from the era of the "revolving door".

Objective By focusing on the functioning of a state hospital throughout its existence, the author provides a historical perspective on the nature and causes of "revolving door" admissions. Method Northampton State Hospital was chosen as a prototype, and data on characteristics of patients and patterns of hospital utilization were analyzed from three 10-year periods: 1880-1889, 1930-1939, and 1980-1989. The data for the first two time periods came from the hospital's admission and discharge logbooks and its annual reports; the material for the most recent decade was obtained from unpublished yearly reports generated by the hospital's medical records department. Results The hospital operated very differently in each of the decades analyzed, but only in the 1980s was recidivism a major finding. This was not, as has often been thought, due to problems or populations unique to the state hospital in the 1980s nor to the fact that in earlier eras the state hospital rarely discharged patients. The once-large asylum has been replaced by a facility rapidly admitting and discharging patients, many of whom have accumulated more than 10 lifetime admissions, in a pattern of care not previously noted. Conclusions State hospitals have functioned in different yet questionable ways throughout their history. Their current role of providing a revolving-door pattern of care to a considerable population is rooted in a contemporary shift in ideology. This role for state hospitals appears to make no more sense than did their earlier role as neglected and neglectful asylums, and it should be reevaluated.
Too picky for my taste? The effect of the gluten-free dietary restriction on impressions of romantic partners.

Abstract Millions of individuals world-wide adhere to a gluten-free diet and this dietary trend is on the rise. The present research identified a consumption stereotype of those following a gluten-free diet and tested whether this stereotype influenced impressions and interest in a potential romantic partner. We also assessed whether being gluten-free differentially impacted impressions of males compared to females. In Study 1, participants (N = 161) responded to a survey containing both qualitative and quantitative components in which they evaluated gluten-free individuals and indicated their interest in dating them. In Study 2 (N = 132), we manipulated the dietary restriction (gluten-free vs. no dietary restriction) of a target within the context of a mock online dating paradigm and measured participants' evaluations of the target. In both studies, gluten-free individuals were perceived as having positive and negative attributes such as being high-maintenance, picky, demanding, complaining and judgmental, yet healthy, self-disciplined, understanding and energetic. The gluten-free diet was associated with ratings of femininity and lead to more negative judgments of males than females. Whereas in Study 1 participants expressed some hesitation about dating a gluten-free individual, no effects on romantic interest were obtained in Study 2. These data are the first to delineate the gluten-free stereotype and provide a useful platform for future study.
Organizational injustice and emotional labor of hotel front-line employees

Abstract Using equity and appraisal theories to integrate four dimensions of organizational justice and emotional labor, this study examines effects of organizational injustice and emotional labor. Perceptions of front-line hotel employees of customer injustice (interpersonal and informational), procedural and distributive injustice and their perceived effect on employees’ emotional labor and subsequent job satisfaction were examined. Our finding suggests the distributive injustice had an effect on hotel employees’ emotional labor, while effects of informational and procedural injustice on emotional labor were moderated by gender.
Comparing alternative methods of measuring cumulative risk based on multiple risk indicators: Are there differential effects on children's externalizing problems?

This study examined several alternative methods to measure cumulative risk (CR) based on multiple risk indicators. Several methods for measuring CR are presented and their conceptual and methodological assumptions are assessed. More specifically, at the individual risk level, we examined the implications of various measurement approaches (i.e., dichotomous, proportion- and z-scores). At the composite level, we measured CR as an observed score, and compared this approach with two variable-centered approaches (consisting of reflective and formative indicators) and two person-centered approaches (consisting of latent class analysis and latent profile analysis). A decision tree was proposed to aid researchers in comparing and choosing the alternative methods. Using a sample of 169 low-income families (children approximately 5 years old, 51% girls; 74% African American, and their primary caregiver), we specified models to represent each of the alternative methods. Across models, the multiple risk composite was based on a set of 12 individual risk indicators including low maternal education, hunger, meal and money unpredictability, maternal psychopathology, maternal substance use, harsh parenting, family stress, and family violence. For each model, we estimated the effect size of the composite CR variable on children’s externalizing problems. Results indicated that the variable-centered CR composites had larger effects than the observed summary score CR indices and the person-centered methods.
Depolymerization of Cross-Linked Polybutadiene Networks in Situ Using Latent Alkene Metathesis

We report a novel approach whereby cross-linked polybutadiene (PB) networks can be depolymerized in situ based on thermally activated alkene metathesis. A commercially available latent Ru catalyst,...
"If at first you don't succeed": repeat ablations in young patients with supraventricular tachycardia.

Success rates for catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in the young exceed 90%. While studies have described reasons for initial ablation failure, less is known about outcomes of repeat ablation attempts. The purpose of this study was to report acute and mid-term success rates for second ablation attempts in young patients, as well as to analyze factors that may affect these outcomes. Retrospective single-center study of all patients undergoing a second ablation attempt for WPW (Wolff-Parkinson-White) or SVT from 2008 to 2017. Inclusion criteria are all patients < 21 years old at the time of their first ablation who underwent a second ablation attempt. An intention to treat analysis was performed. Fifty-five patients met inclusion criteria, with a median age of 15 years (IQR 12–16). The most common arrhythmia mechanisms at repeat procedure were single accessory pathways (n = 32, 58%) and AVNRT (n = 14, 25%). Six patients (11%) were found to have a different SVT mechanism than at initial ablation. Acute success at repeat ablation was achieved in 48 patients (87%). At mid-term follow-up (10.5 months, IQR 0.6–25), four patients (8% of acute successes) experienced SVT recurrence. The overall success rate of repeat ablations, accounting for acute and mid-term failures, was 80%. In this report of 55 young patients who underwent repeat ablation for WPW and/or SVT, acute and mid-term success rates were 87% and 80%, respectively. These data may help inform decision-making when caring for patients with persistent or recurrent SVT after an initial ablation attempt.
Adolescent Pride Festival Attendees-Assessing Their Interactions With Primary Care Physicians.

Abstract Purpose Pride festivals celebrate the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community. This study aimed to describe adolescent Pride festival attendees, determine rates of accessing health care via their primary care physician (PCP), and assess if providers are discussing sex and offering screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to these adolescents. Methods Adolescents, aged 13–17 years, attending the 2017 Minnesota Pride Festival were invited to complete an 18-question survey regarding gender identity, sexual orientation, access to a physician the preceding year, and whether sexual activity was discussed and/or STI screening provided at these encounters. Results A total of 490 surveys were evaluated. Sixty-nine percent of respondents identified as having nonheterosexual orientation. Rural participants were significantly more likely to identify as LGBT than urban or suburban participants. The majority (90%) of adolescents had been seen in the past year by a physician. Of these, 68% had been asked a sexual history, and 29% were offered STI testing. Older adolescents were more likely to be asked about sex and offered STI testing by a physician. Identifying as LGBT was not associated with rate of sexual history taken or STI screening offered but was associated with perceived need for STI testing. Conclusions LGBT youth attending Minnesota Pride are accessing a PCP with the same regularity as cisgender, heterosexual peers but are infrequently offered STI testing, despite knowledge of increased STI rates in this population. Taking a sexual history and screening for STIs is something all physicians can do and represents an important first step in any STI reduction initiative.
Collins-Soper kernel for TMD evolution from lattice QCD

The Collins-Soper kernel relates transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs) at different energy scales. For small parton transverse momentum ${q}_{T}\ensuremath{\sim}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{\mathrm{QCD}}$, this kernel is nonperturbative and can only be determined with controlled uncertainties through experiment or first-principles calculations. This work presents the first exploratory determination of the Collins-Soper kernel using the lattice formulation of quantum chromodynamics. In a quenched calculation, the ${N}_{f}=0$ kernel is determined at scales in the range $250\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}l{q}_{T}l2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, and an analysis of the remaining systematic uncertainties is undertaken.
Fast Sparse-Group Lasso Method for Multi-response Cox Model with Applications to UK Biobank

We propose a Sparse-Group regularized Cox regression method to analyze large-scale, ultrahigh-dimensional, and multi-response survival data efficiently. Our method has three key components: 1. A Sparse-Group penalty that encourages the coefficients to have small and overlapping support; 2. A variable screening procedure that minimizes the frequency of disk memory access when the data does not fit in the RAM; 3. An accelerated proximal gradient method that optimizes the regularized partial-likelihood function. To demonstrate the efficacy of our method, we implemented the proposed algorithm for human genetics data and applied it to 16 time-to-event phenotypes from the UK Biobank.
The Political Resource Blessing or Curse? Patronage Networks, Infrastructure Investment, and the Varieties of Economic Development Strategies in China

Although all governments desire higher economic growth, they adopt different strategies to promote economic growth. Conventional wisdom holds that the endowments of economic resources determine the economic development model that best utilizes the local comparative advantage. This paper explores how governments' political resources influence their economic development strategies. With a difference-in-differences design applied to Chinese prefecture-level cities, I find that politically connected cities are more likely to obtain their superior's support to increase public investment in infrastructure. Moreover, politically connected cities also accumulate more public debts that may undermine the sustainability of their long-term economic growth. By contrast, other cities that lack such political connections are more likely to promote private investment by improving the pro-business environment. These results show that political resources make an economic model that features government investment and public debts more possible than the one that depends on vibrant entrepreneurship and private investment.
Unplanned readmissions after endovascular intervention or surgical bypass for critical limb ischemia.

Abstract Objective After surgery or other interventions, unplanned readmissions are associated with poor outcomes and drain health care resources. Patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) are at particularly high risk of readmission, and readmissions result in increased health care costs. The primary aims of the study were to discover and compare the 30-day readmission rates of patients who underwent lower extremity surgical bypass (LEB) and endovascular infrainguinal endovascular intervention (IEI) for CLI and to evaluate the relationship between unplanned readmissions likely related to the primary procedure for IEI compared with LEB. Methods The Targeted Vascular Module from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program was queried to identify all infrainguinal LEB or IEI for CLI from 2015 to 2018. Those who were not eligible for the primary outcome of interest were excluded. The primary 30-day outcome was unplanned readmission. Univariate analyses for primary and secondary outcomes were performed using Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon rank-sum testing. Multivariate analysis was performed using inverse probability weighting and independent risk factors for readmission were identified with logistic regression. Results There were 12,873 patients who met inclusion criteria. In the LEB cohort, there were 7270 (56.5%) patients, and in the IEI cohort, there were 5603 (43.5%) patients. Thirty percent (n = 1696) of the IEI cohort underwent a tibial intervention, and 49% (n = 3547) underwent a distal bypass. The IEI cohort was more likely to be high physiologic risk (P Conclusions LEB is independently associated with unplanned readmission from all causes and from procedure-related causes after adjusting for the measured confounders. More research is required to determine the economic burden of these readmissions.
Cuprate superconductors: Dynamic stabilization?

Enhancing the temperature at which superconductivity is observed is a long-standing objective for materials scientists. Recent tantalizing experiments suggest a possible route for achieving this.
Sinonasal Ewing's sarcoma: Recognition and management of a rare disease

Abstract Nasal mass in the pediatric population is most commonly benign and thus treated with low suspicion for malignancy. Ewing's sarcoma is the most common pediatric malignancy and usually arises in the diaphysis of long bones. Only 1–2% of Ewing's sarcoma cases are in the head and neck region and even fewer in the nasal cavity. Here we report and extremely rare case of nasal cavity Ewing's sarcoma, the differential diagnosis, and review of treatment considerations.
Peptide-directed Pd-decorated Au and PdAu nanocatalysts for degradation of nitrite in water

In this work, a palladium binding peptide, Pd4, has been used for the synthesis of catalytically active palladium-decorated gold (Pd-on-Au) nanoparticles (NPs) and palladium–gold (PdxAu100−x) alloy NPs exhibiting high nitrite degradation efficiency. Pd-on-Au NPs with 20% to 300% surface coverage (sc%) of Au showed catalytic activity commensurate with sc%. Additionally, the catalytic activity of PdxAu100−x alloy NPs varied based on palladium composition (x = 6–59). The maximum nitrite removal efficiency of Pd-on-Au and PdxAu100−x alloy NPs was obtained at sc 100% and x = 59, respectively. The synthesized peptide-directed Pd-on-Au catalysts showed an increase in nitrite reduction three and a half times better than monometallic Pd and two and a half times better than PdxAu100−x NPs under comparable conditions. Furthermore, peptide-directed NPs showed high activity after five reuse cycles. Pd-on-Au NPs with more available activated palladium atoms showed high selectivity (98%) toward nitrogen gas production over ammonia.
Simulation of movement that potentially maximizes assessment, presence, and defense in territorial animals with varying movement strategies

Brown et al. (2011) published a simulation model that could be used as a sub-model for larger simulations (e.g. at the population level) to investigate how individuals may optimize territorial movements while sampling a territory for resources. In their example, a male fish guards a territory against neighbor males while interacting with a mate (the resource), but all individuals employed the same, matching (relative-movement), strategies. We contrast the results of this model with a model that allows individuals to use independent movement strategies. Using mean encounter rate (MER) between individuals, and the coefficient of variation (CV), as metrics, we found that in all but the smallest territories, of all aspects (length-to-width ratios), variant relative-movement strategies are not determinant in maximizing territorial presence (male–neighbor male interactions) or minimizing its variation. Directed movement (low-movement angle strategies) appears to accomplish this, regardless of behavior relative to others. In contrast, in small territories, directed movement does not optimize territorial presence, regardless of territory aspect, and mismatched relative-movement strategies are typically optimal. Social presence (within territory male–female interactions) is more complex. In larger territories, again a general pattern of a low-movement angle strategy was optimal. However, aspects and steps sizes (distances between movement decisions) became influential. Once again, directed movement appears to take on lesser importance in smaller territories. Concerning optimizing relative-movement strategies, matching, or no strategy, is optimal except for small, high aspect, territories. We conclude that a prudent approach in future efforts with the model will be to utilize a “top-down approach” by only removing the complexity involving varying movement strategies from simulations if they are found to be unnecessary for the situation simulated.
An Intrinsic Characterization of the Hierarchy of Constructible Sets of Integers1)

Publisher Summary This chapter provides an intrinsic characterization of the hierarchy of constructible sets of integers. Some of the results are in second-order number theory, and the others are in set theory; standard (incompatible) notations for each are used. The hierarchy of arithmetical degrees is identical with the ramified analytic hierarchy; it is identical with the hyperarithmetic hierarchy where that hierarchy is defined - taking into account the difference between Turing degrees and arithmetical degrees. The division into cases is motivated by the relativized hyperarithmetical hierarchy. Forcing for unlimited statements is defined in terms of forcing for limited statements, and by induction on complexity.
Congenital optic nerve anomalies and hereditary optic neuropathies

Congenital and hereditary optic nerve anomalies represent a significant cause of visual dysfunction. While some optic nerve abnormalities affect the visual system alone, others may be associated with neurologic and systemic findings. Correct identification of the optic nerve disease therefore is crucial both for developing a treatment plan with respect to visual rehabilitation, but also for initiating the appropriate multidisciplinary evaluation. The purpose of this review is to highlight common examples of congenital and inherited optic nerve abnormalities in an effort to familiarize the clinician with salient clinical features of these diseases and to review important systemic testing when relevant.
A 23 ps/2.1 mW ECL gate

Simulated output waveforms at 0.1, 0.3 and, 0.6-pF loading of a design optimized for a 0.3-pF nominal load are shown. An AC-coupled APD ECL (active-pull-down emitter-coupled-logic) gate with significantly improved gate delay in the low-power (1-2 mW) regime is described. Unloaded gate delays of 23 and 35 ps at 2.1 and 1.1-mW/gate power, respectively, were demonstrated in a bipolar technology using a double-poly, self-aligned process with emitter width of 0.8 mu m (mask). The device cross-section is presented along with an SEM (scanning electron microscopy) micrograph of the basic gate used in the ring oscillator. >
Regulation of Adenosine Monophosphate Levels as a Function of Adenosine Triphosphate and Inorganic Phosphate A PROPOSED METABOLIC ROLE FOR ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE NUCLEOSIDASE FROM AZOTOBACTER VINELANDII

Abstract In vitro kinetic studies with adenosine monophosphate nucleosidase (AMP nucleosidase, which catalyzes the reaction: AMP MgATP2-/→ adenine + ribose 5-phosphate) and in vivo metabolic studies with intact Azotobacter vinelandii suggest that AMP nucleosidase may be involved in removing AMP from the cellular adenylate pool under conditions where the adenylate energy charge decreases. Kinetic studies with the purified enzyme show a decrease in activity with increasing physiological levels of adenylate energy charge. In addition, millimolar levels of inorganic phosphate cause marked inhibition of AMP nucleosidase over the entire range of adenylate charge with a total adenylate pool of 2 mm. When growing cultures of A. vinelandii with 14C-labeled adenylate pools were subjected to anaerobic conditions, the ATP levels decreased rapidly with a concomitant rise in AMP, followed by a rise in hypoxanthine. These observations are consistent with the increased levels of intracellular AMP being removed by AMP nucleosidase. The resultant adenine can then be converted to hypoxanthine by adenase.
Structural Reaction Dynamometers

Two types of devices for the measurement of the three orthogonal force components occurring at each support in a statically indeterminate structural test specimen are described. Termed structural reaction dynamometers, each device is essentially a small metal structure instrumented with electrical resistance strain gages. Details of the construction, gaging and calibration of each type are given. Service performances have shown each type to be satisfactory for most types of structural testing of indeterminate specimens.
Pediatric restraint use is associated with reduced transports by emergency medical services providers after motor vehicle crashes.

Abstract Objective To determine the association between pediatric restraint use during motor vehicle crashes and patient transports by emergency medical services (EMS) providers. Methods Children under 16 years of age who were involved in motor vehicle crashes in Houston or Harris County, Texas, in 1997 were identified from Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) crash data. DPS data were linked probabilistically to City of Houston Fire Department EMS data to identify whether the children were transported from the scene by EMS. Odds ratios were calculated to determine the association between restraint use and EMS transport. Logistic regression was used to control for age and injury severity in this relationship. Results From the linked data for 1997, 1,696 children were involved in reported automobile or truck crashes to which EMS responded. Of the 1,580 children about whom information concerning restraint use was available, 1,309 (83%) were wearing some type of safety restraint and 1,342 (85%) were transported by EMS. Adjusting for injury severity, children wearing safety restraints during motor vehicle crashes were 60% (95% confidence interval 34–75%) less likely to be transported by EMS than those not wearing safety restraints during such crashes. Conclusions The use of safety restraints during motor vehicle crashes is associated with a reduction in the number of children transported from the scene by EMS providers. This effect is independent of age and injury severity.
A Largest Common Subsequence-based Distance Measure for Classifying Player Motion Traces in Virtual Worlds

As first-person based computer games and online virtual worlds become increasingly popular, the problem of developing classification models for player motion traces becomes increasingly important.The key applications of developing such models includes building player profiles for adaptive game play, identifying cheating in theform of bots and detecting, and curbing gold farmer activity. In this work we study the problem of developing classification models for player motion traces in virtual worlds.Specifically, we introduce a distance measure for player motion traces based on computing the largestcommon subsequence between two player motion traces. We evaluated our approach on a large corpus of player data consisting of a total of 45 binary classification problems. The kernel function based on LCS distance measure significantly out performed the Bag of Words kernel on 27 of the problems.
Reactive rules-based dependency resolution for monitoring dynamic environments

Monitoring systems commonly use data dependencies and are very often required to have real-time, or near real-time, capabilities. Resolution of dependencies using a reactive rule engine is an evident choice, since it provides inherent real-time characteristics. We introduce the novel approach taken by Active Dependency Integration (ADI) technology in using reactive rules for dependency resolution, i.e., for the purpose of calculating an updated value using the value elements on which it depends. The salient property of this approach is that it demonstrates autonomic behavior. The set of reactive rules used for dependency resolution does not depend on the model for which it provides dependency resolution. The same rules handle every dependency model and support dynamic models, where elements may be added or deleted, without having to change any code or rule definitions, or stop the monitoring for manual system reconfiguration and redeployment. The rules are implemented in AMIT, an event-driven rule engine.