cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Oxygen Storage Capacities of Hexagonal Dy1–xYxMnO3+δ

Polycrystalline samples of hexagonal P63cm (space group No. 185) Dy1–xYxMnO3+δ were synthesized over complete solubility ranges under reducing conditions with oxygen partial pressures of 5 ppm to air at high temperatures (1200–1400 °C). All samples displayed unusually large, reversible oxygen content excess (0 ≤ δ ≤ 0.35) at low temperatures of ∼200–400 °C under air and oxygen atmospheres in thermogravimetric measurements. During heating, stoichiometric samples showed rapid uptakes of oxygen at 200–300 °C and equally fast releases of oxygen at 275–375 °C when materials transformed back to the stoichiometric P63cm phase. Upon slow cooling from the stoichiometric P63cm phase, all samples displayed rapid uptakes of oxygen at 200–350 °C. Similar changes were observed as a function of oxygen partial pressure at constant temperature. Increased, reversible changes in oxygen content were also achieved by high-pressure annealings in oxygen and hydrogen reduction at 400 °C. Thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction m...
Quantitative estimation of fracture parameters after removing anisotropic overburden effect

Summary We have developed an amplitude ratio method that can be used for direct quantitative estimation of fracture parameters, including normal and tangential weaknesses, ΔN and ΔT, respectively. We employ a least-squares fit of the amplitude variation with offset (angle or ray parameter) and azimuth (AVOA). The model for the least-squares fit is a linearized reflection coefficient for anisotropic media that is a function of the two fracture compliances. Inversion of synthetic P-P AVOA data for ΔN and ΔT parameters reveals that the ΔN parameter is reliably estimated given accurate background isotropic parameters. While ΔN estimation is successful, inversion for ΔT parameter from Rpp information is not, presumably due to the dependence of ΔT on medium parameters that are not constrained by the PP data. We further modified the AVOA inversion approach to be applied to amplitude ratio data and demonstrate that the ΔN parameter is successfully recovered. High ΔN values can be attributed to high crack density values and vice versa. The ΔN parameter inversion is also applied to the amplitude ratios derived from real seismic data acquired on the Arabian Peninsula. Inversion results indicate greater concentration of fractures located at the hinge of an anticline structure. Spatial variability in fracture parameters has proven valuable in locating “sweet spots” or highly fractured zones within the reservoir interval.
Adolescent motivation to attend youth programs: A mixed-methods investigation

ABSTRACTResearch suggests that adolescents can benefit from participating in youth programs; however, recruitment and retention are challenging for many programs, and youth living in low-income, urban areas can be the hardest to reach. We investigated motivation to attend a neighborhood-based program for urban adolescents. Participants completed questionnaires (N = 141, M age = 16.6, 88% African American), and a subsample (n = 34) also participated in face-to-face interviews. Findings suggest that although content is the primary surface driver of attendance for most youth, a large majority of youth would choose to retain staff and peers over content, and that staff and content reasons are intertwined. Attending for peer reasons was negatively associated with attendance frequency. Cluster analysis suggested five patterns of reasons for continued participation, which were related to overall program motivation and attendance frequency. Implications for programs include focusing on providing quality content w...
Cascading Failure Model of AC-DC System and Blackout Risk Analysis

With the ever-increasing DC transmission lines,research on cascading failures of the AC-DC system is becoming very urgent.A cascading failure model for the AC-DC system based on the improved OPA model is proposed.With dispatching and the main protection devices such as 100 Hz harmonic protection devices taken into account,it is possible to analyze the failure propagation process in the AC-DC system and the impact of DC system controllability on blackout risk.This model uses equivalent admittance parameter of DC system to calculate the short-circuit voltage,thus avoiding detailed time-domain simulation and significantly improving computational efficiency.Simulations are performed on a revised IEEE 30-bus system and Henan power grid.The results show that blackout risk of DC and AC-DC interconnected systems are higher than that of AC interconnected system with no long distance power transmission.Because of the good regulating ability of the DC system,the blackout risk of DC interconnected system can be appreciably reduced by appropriate impact of the dispatching.
Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Management and Common Complication Analysis in12 Patients—The Early Experience From a Single Center

Objective:Transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI) is already known as one of the effective therapeutic option in patients with high risk severe aortic valve stenosis. There were few domestic reports nowadays, and we summarize our first hand experience currently. Methods: We studied 12 consecutive patients received TAVI in our hospital from March 2012 to March 2013 and analyzed the post-procedural complications as all-cause death, vascular injury, major bleeding and acute kidney impairment(hemoglobin decreased 25% and serum creatinine increased 50% than they were before the operation), abnormal cardiac conduction and cerebral ischemia. Results: The patients mean age was(77.9±6.2) years with 7 male and 5 female. All patients had success TAVI. The post-procedural mean aortic valve pressure gradient decreased significantly,(14.3±7.2) mmHg vs(56.6±11.9) mmHg, P0.001. No in-hospital death or vascular injury occurred. There were 4(33.3%) patients with major bleeding, 2(16.7%) with acute kidney impairment, 6(50.0%) with abnormal cardiac conduction and 4 with cerebral ischemia. The post-operational hemoglobin drop peak(23.6%) at the 2ndday, and 3 patients received blood transfusion. The post-operational mean serum creatinine increasing peak(31.3%) was at the 1stto 2nddays. The abnormal cardiac conduction more likely happened during or within 24 hours after the procedure, 5 patients received pacemaker implantation including 1 of III°atrio-ventricular(A-V) block,1 of A-V block and left bundle branch block, 1 of intermittent left and right bundle branch block and 2 of left bundle branch block. 4 patients suffered from neurological deficit at different degree. Conclusion: The post TAVI complications were more in major bleeding and abnormal cardiac conduction, mandatory monitoring is important to manage those symptoms at the early stage in such patients.
Does full disclosure of medical errors affect malpractice liability? The jury is still out.

Article-at-a-Glance Background Mandatory disclosure of medical errors has been advocated to improve patient safety. Many resist mandatory disclosure policies because of concerns about increasing malpractice exposure. It has been countered that malpractice liability actually decreases when there is full disclosure of medical errors. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to determine what is known about the impact of full disclosure on malpractice liability. Methods Electronic searches of multiple databases were supplemented with hand searches of bibliographies and communication with recognized experts in the field. Results Screening the titles, abstracts, and, in many cases, the full articles from more than an estimated 5,200 citations resulted in identification of one published study directly examining malpractice liability when a policy of full disclosure was implemented. Discussion Despite extensive literature on the impact of disclosure on malpractice liability, few well-designed studies have focused on the real-world impact on the volume and cost of suits following implementation of a full disclosure policy. Many articles examine why patients sue their doctors, suggesting that some lawsuits may be averted by disclosure, but the articles do not allow us to estimate the additional suits that would be created by disclosure. Additional studies addressing the effect of disclosure on malpractice liability are needed.
Projectile entry angle determination

Small angles of projectile entry are difficult to determine in two-dimensional targets or in three-dimensional targets where internal deflection has taken place. This results from the fact that small errors in measurement lead to large errors in the calculation of the sine function used in the estimation of the angular projection of a circle onto an inclined plane at angles of less than 20° from the normal. The use of a bullet tip scale, constructed to the dimensions of the entering projectile, allows a significantly more accurate determination of small angles of entry in targets not subject to stretching. A comparison of the relative error inherent in calculating entry angle using the sine function and measuring the angle using the bullet tip scale demonstrates the suitability of using the tip scale at angles less than 20° and the sine function at entry angles greater than 20°.
Cell-to-cell activity prediction for smart cities

In this paper, we analyze data from a large mobile phone provider in Europe, pertaining to time series of aggregate communication volume A i,j (t) > 0 between cells i and j, for all pairs of cells in a city over a month. We develop a methodology for predicting the future (in particular whether two cells will talk to each other A i,j (t) > 0) based on past activity. Our data set is sparse, with 80% of the values being zero, which makes prediction challenging. We formulate the problem as binary classification and, using decision trees and random forests, we are able to achieve 85% accuracy. By giving higher weight to false positives, which cost more to network operators, than false negatives, we improved recall from 40% to 94%. We briefly outline potential applications of this prediction capability to improve network planning, green small cells, and understanding urban ecology, all of which can inform policies and urban planning.
Access to Diabetes Care for Populations Experiencing Homelessness: an Integrated Review

Populations experiencing homelessness with diabetes may encounter barriers to accessing comprehensive diabetes care to manage the condition, yet it is unclear to what extent this population is able to access care. We reviewed the literature to identify and describe the barriers and facilitators to accessing diabetes care and managing diabetes for homeless populations using the Equity of Access to Medical Care Framework. An integrated review of the literature was conducted and yielded 10 articles that met inclusion criteria. Integrated reviews search, summarize, and critique the state of the research evidence. Findings were organized using the dimensions of a comprehensive conceptual framework, the Equity of Access to Medical Care Framework, to identify barriers and facilitators to accessing care and managing diabetes. Barriers included competing priorities, limited access to healthy food, and inadequate healthcare resources. Facilitators to care included integrated delivery systems that provided both social and health-related services, and increased patient knowledge. Recommendations are provided for healthcare providers and public health practitioners to optimize diabetes outcomes for this population.
Predicting Tests Ordered in Hospital Laboratories using Generalized Linear Modeling

ABSTRACTLaboratory services in healthcare systems play a vital role in inpatient care. Most hospital laboratories are facing the challenge of reducing cost and improving service quality. The author...
DriTri: An in-vehicle wireless sensor network platform for daily health monitoring

In this paper, we report an in-vehicle wireless sensor network platform for daily health monitoring. The platform is capable of monitoring health risk factors due to long time sitting and driving. The system contains three sensor nodes for monitoring sitting pressure distribution, ECG, and GSR, respectively, which are good indicators of driving-induced chronic conditions. This platform is also compatible to other physical or physiological vital signals. The sensor data are wirelessly transmitted from multiple sensor nodes to the data sink via 2.4 GHz wireless standard for further data analytics. In order to decrease the discomfort of the system, the sensor nodes are installed in vehicle that the ECG, GSR, and sitting pressure distribution sensor nodes are attached on the seat belt, steering wheel, and driver seat, respectively. The sitting pressure distribution sensor node is designed based on 4×4 tribo-element array, which is ultra-low-cost and easy to assemble. The experiments were conducted on a driving simulator. The results showed that the DriTri system can provide multiple vital signal monitoring for daily use in vehicle at very low cost.
A portable battery powered microfluidic impedance cytometer with smartphone readout: towards personal health monitoring

We present a portable system for personalized blood cell counting consisting of a microfluidic impedance cytometer and portable analog readout electronics, feeding into an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and being transmitted via Bluetooth to a user-accessible mobile application. We fabricated a microfluidic impedance cytometer with a novel portable analog readout. The novel design of the analog readout, which consists of a lock-in-amplifier followed by a high-pass filter stage for subtraction of drift and DC offset, and a post-subtraction high gain stage, enables detection of particles and cells as small as 1 μm in diameter, despite using a low-end 8-bit ADC. The lock-in-amplifier and the ADC were set up to receive and transmit data from a Bluetooth module. In order to initiate the system, as well as to transmit all of the data, a user friendly mobile application was developed, and a proof-of-concept trial was run on a blood sample. Applications such as personalized health monitoring require robust device operation and resilience to clogging. It is desirable to avoid using channels comparable in size to the particles being detected thus requiring high levels of sensitivity. Despite using low-end off-the-shelf hardware, our sensing platform was capable of detecting changes in impedance as small as 0.032%, allowing detection of 3 μm diameter particles in a 300 μm wide channel. The sensitivity of our system is comparable to that of a high-end bench-top impedance spectrometer when tested using the same sensors. The novel analog design allowed for an instrument with a footprint of less than 80 cm2. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the potential of using microfluidic impedance spectroscopy for low cost health monitoring. We demonstrated the utility of the platform technology towards cell counting, however, our platform is broadly applicable to assaying wide panels of biomarkers including proteins, nucleic acids, and various cell types.
An unpublished letter by Sigmund Freud on the Shakespeare authorship question

ABSTRACTThis article provides the text of the English translation of Sigmund Freud’s previously unpublished 1935 letter to Percy Allen, the only known letter in which Freud expresses his unqualified support for the theory that ‘William Shakespeare’ was the pen name of Edward de Vere, Earl of Oxford (1550–1604). The article summarizes the literature on Freud’s authorship views, showing that scholars who disagree with Freud on this matter have minimized his opinion by pathologizing it, or emphasizing Freud’s reservations about the matter. The prevailing theory as to who wrote Shakespeare, on close examination, turns out to be based primarily on circular thinking, confirmation bias, tradition, authority, groupthink, and enforcement of a taboo against the presentation or objective consideration of conflicting evidence. In addition, it originated before we had a better understanding of the high frequency of anonymous, pseudonymous, and allonymous literature in Elizabethan England. The reputations enjoyed by le...
Interoperability and interchangeability for microgrid protection systems using IEC 61850 standard

Microgrids have been proposed in an effort to handle the impact of distributed generators (DGs) and make conventional grids suitable for large scale deployments of DGs. However, the introduction of microgrids brings some challenges such as the protection of a microgrid and its entities. Due to the existence of generators at all levels of the distribution system, the fault currents vary substantially. Furthermore, grid connected and islanded modes introduce two different sets of fault currents. Consequently, the traditional fixed current relay protection schemes need to be improved. Several adaptive protection schemes have been developed in the literature. These protection approaches, despite addressing protection challenges, require extensive communication and control. In order to achieve a standard way of modeling this communication infrastructure power engineers have been using IEC 61850 and its extensions, such as IEC 61850-7-420. As a result, it has been found out that several concepts such as interoperability and interchangeability have to be considered in networks designed with IEC communication standards. This paper studies the modeling structure in IEC 61850 standard and some challenges associated with it. Then, IEC 61850 based modeling of a novel adaptive microgrid protection scheme is given in detail. The challenges and potential pitfalls related to virtualization of power system in IEC modeling world are analyzed. Finally, some insights are shared on the required steps that shall be taken to unleash capabilities of microgrids in current smart network era.
Extreme orographic rains from streams of moist marine layer wind systems with a possible geoengineering application

The Waialeale Mountain of the Hawaiian Islands records annual rains of to inches year during undisturbed days Here the undisturbed trades carry streams of stratocumulus fair weather cumulus with some towering cumulus clouds towards the mountain The special shape of the Waialeale is a major contributor for the ascent of the moist marine air and clouds on the slopes of the mountain The heavy rains are contributed between the cloud base and the base of the inversion where a triple product winds normal to the mountain slope of the mountain and vertical gradient of saturation specific humidity acquires large negative values This is a measure of disposition of supersaturation for surface rains from warm shallow clouds This study includes modelling studies ensuing a cloud resolving model at high resolution to simulate heavy rains on rain free days Skillful day one forecasts of heavy orographic rains are possible Indian winter monsoon s northeasterly flows that carry moisture towards Chennai city southeast coast of India this is an environment that is somewhat similar to that of the Pacific trades In numerical experiments an appropriate windward face of the southeast Indian mountain the Eastern Ghats can substantially enhance the rains over south India on rain free days nbsp Conceptual geo engineering of a near coastal mountain for modeling and practical applications for heavy rains over the southeast coast of India are suggested
Formation of Multilayer Graphene Domains with Strong Sulfur–Carbon Interaction and Enhanced Sulfur Reduction Zones for Lithium–Sulfur Battery Cathodes

A newly designed sulfur/graphene computational model emulates the electrochemical behavior of a Li-S battery cathode, promoting the S-C interaction through the edges of graphene sheets. A random mixture of eight-membered sulfur rings mixed with small graphene sheets is simulated at 64 wt %sulfur loading. Structural stabilization and sulfur reduction calculations are performed with classical reactive molecular dynamics. This methodology allowed the collective behavior of the sulfur and graphene structures to be accounted for. The sulfur encapsulation induces ring opening and the sulfur phase evolves into a distribution of small chain-like structures interacting with C through the graphene edges. This new arrangement of the sulfur phase not only leads to a less pronounced volume expansion during sulfur reduction but also to a different discharge voltage profile, in qualitative agreement with earlier reports on sulfur encapsulation in microporous carbon structures. The Li2 S phase grows around ensembles of parallel graphene nanosheets during sulfur reduction. No diffusion of sulfur or lithium between graphene nanosheets is observed, and extended Li2 S domains bridging the space between carbon ensembles are suppressed. The results emphasize the importance of morphology on the electrochemical performance of the composite material. The sulfur/graphene model outlined here provides new understanding of the graphene effects on the sulfur reduction behavior and the role that van der Waals interactions may play in promoting formation of multilayer graphene ensembles and small Li2 S domains during sulfur reduction.
Validation of Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography–Derived Thigh Adipose Tissue Subcompartments in Young Girls Using a 3 T MRI Scanner

Abstract The ability to assess skeletal muscle adipose tissue is important given the negative clinical implications associated with greater fat infiltration of the muscle. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are highly accurate for measuring appendicular soft tissue and muscle composition, but have limitations. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) is an alternative that investigators find valuable because of its low radiation, fast scan time, and comparatively lower costs. The present investigation sought to assess the accuracy of pQCT-derived estimates of total, subcutaneous, skeletal muscle, intermuscular, and calculated intramuscular adipose tissue areas, and muscle density in the midthigh of young girls using the gold standard, 3 T MRI, as the criterion. Cross-sectional data were analyzed for 26 healthy girls aged 9–12 years. Midthigh soft tissue composition was assessed by both pQCT and 3 T MRI. Mean tissue area for corresponding adipose compartments by pQCT and MRI was compared using t tests, regression analysis, and Bland-Altman plots. Muscle density was regressed on MRI skeletal muscle adipose tissue, intermuscular adipose tissue, and intramuscular adipose tissue, each expressed as a percentage of total muscle area. Correlations were high between MRI and pQCT for total adipose tissue ( r 2 = 0.98), subcutaneous adipose tissue ( r 2 = 0.95), skeletal muscle adipose tissue ( r 2 = 0.83), and intermuscular adipose tissue ( r 2 = 0.82), and pQCT muscle density correlated well with both MRI skeletal muscle adipose tissue ( r 2 = 0.70) and MRI intermuscular adipose tissue ( r 2 = 0.70). There was a slight, but statistically significant underestimation by pQCT for total and subcutaneous adipose tissue, whereas no significant difference was observed for skeletal muscle adipose tissue. Both pQCT-estimated intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle density were weakly correlated with MRI-intramuscular adipose tissue. We conclude that pQCT is a valid measurement technique for estimating all adipose subcompartments, except for intramuscular adipose tissue, for the midthigh region in young/adolescent girls.
Identifying Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Primary Care of Urban Underserved Patients: Tools, Applications, and Challenges

Among urban low-income and minority patients with compromised access or low adherence to primary care, exacerbations of unrecognized but symptomatic moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cause avoidable emergency room visits and hospitalizations. Detection and management of COPD before a first exacerbation reduces morbidity and disability, forestalls cardiorespiratory complications, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces health care costs. However, current efforts in ascertainment and care of COPD have insufficiently improved outcomes in underserved groups. Effective COPD care requires access to detection and management resources: screening tools to identify who may have COPD, spirometric diagnosis, smoking cessation assistance, vaccinations, stage-appropriate pharmacotherapy, and rehabilitation. This article describes recent advances in tools suitable for assisting COPD identification in primary care practices and discusses their applications in urban underserved populations. The validated COPD Population Screener is readily understood by patients, self-scored, available online (www.copdscreener.com), and usable in community outreach as well as primary care settings. Symptom-based risk stratification with a validated questionnaire provides a rational trigger targeting limited spirometry resources to patients most likely to have COPD. Case finding is the first step of COPD management to reduce its individual and public health burden.
Abstract B32: Targeting WNT signaling in vivo via Tankyrase inhibition

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Approximately 95% of CRCs show hyperactive WNT signaling, yet there are no targeted therapies that effectively suppress the WNT pathway. The majority (~80%) of these tumors harbor a mutation in APC, a scaffold component of the “destruction complex,” which is a critical negative regulator of WNT. Using genetically defined mouse models of CRC, we recently showed that restoring Apc function can induce WNT suppression and rapid and sustained disease regression. While there is no way to restore normal APC protein in human CRCs, it may be possible to restore the function of the APC-associated destruction complex by inhibiting Tankyrase (TNKS) enzymes. Tankyrase inhibitors have been shown to stabilize AXIN, prevent degradation of the destruction complex, and decrease levels of WNT signaling. While in vitro studies have shown promise, it is unclear whether TNKS inhibition could provide a therapeutic benefit in vivo. Some published work reports significant antitumor activity, while others suggest overt dose-limiting toxicity. Thus, while TNKS inhibition holds significant potential, it is not clear whether TNKS enzymes are a viable target for CRC therapy. To circumvent the limitations of drug delivery, potency, and specificity, we generated mice with inducible, fluorescent reporter-linked shRNAs targeting Tnks and its redundant family member Tnks2. Here we show that potent, simultaneous shRNA-mediated knockdown of both genes is sufficient to stabilize Axin in vivo, similar to treatment with a pan-TNKS inhibitor, XAV939. We show that Tnks1/2 knockdown stabilizes Axin and suppresses WNT signaling, but surprisingly, does not disrupt intestinal architecture. Importantly, Tnks1/2 silencing blocks hyperproliferation and tumor development in mice following Apc disruption. In contrast to current studies using small-molecule TNKS inhibitors, our work suggests that there is a viable therapeutic window of TNKS1/2 inhibition in vivo, and that this strategy enables control of hyperactive WNT signaling in CRC and other WNT-associated cancers. Citation Format: Emma M. Schatoff, Benjamin I. Leach, Miguel Foronda, Maria Paz Zafra, Lukas Dow. Targeting WNT signaling in vivo via Tankyrase inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Modeling Cancer in Mice: Technology, Biology, and Beyond; 2017 Sep 24-27; Orlando, Florida. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B32.
Collaborative Adversarial Modeling for Spectrum Aware IoT Communications

In order to cater the growing spectrum demands of large scale future 5G Internet of Things (IoT) applications, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) based networks are being proposed as a high-throughput and cost-effective solution. However the lack of understanding of DSA paradigm’s inherent security vulnerabilities on IoT networks might become a roadblock towards realizing such spectrum aware 5G vision. In this paper, we make an attempt to understand how such inherent DSA vulnerabilities in particular Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification (SSDF) attacks can be exploited by collaborative group of selfish adversaries and how that can impact the performance of spectrum aware IoT applications. We design a utility based selfish adversarial model mimicking collaborative SSDF attack in a cooperative spectrum sensing scenario where IoT networks use dedicated environmental sensing capability (ESC) for spectrum availability estimation. We model the interactions between the IoT system and collaborative selfish adversaries using a leaderfollower game and investigate the existence of equilibrium. Using simulation results, we show the nature of adversarial and system utility components against system variables. We also explore Pareto-optimal adversarial strategy design that maximizes the attacker utility for varied system strategy spaces.
Soluble-binding proteins for docosahexaenoic acid are present in neural retina.

Purpose. To determine if soluble binding proteins (BP) for fatty acids (FA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), could be identified in the cytosol of rat and bovine retinas under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Methods. In vitro, cytosol fractions from normal bovine and rat retinas were delipidated and incubated with [ 14 C]-DHA with or without a number of competing fatty acids. After crosslinking bound FA to BP, the proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and radioactivity determined in each fraction. For in vivo experiments, rats received [ 14 C]-DHA by gavage. At selected periods after ingestion, retinas were collected and cytosolic fractions were prepared from each. These were crosslinked and subjected to SDS-PAGE, and radioactivity was determined in each fraction. Results. In vitro, several peaks of radioactivity (approximately 13, 20, 32, 43-45, 50, 63, and 94-105 kd) were found that exhibited [ 14 C]-DHA binding. Relative specificity of binding was assessed by blocking of the [ 14 C]-DHA binding with unlabeled DHA and by competition experiments with other FAs. After in vivo ingestion of [ 14 C]-DHA, a large peak of radioactivity was observed at 43 kd by 4 hours. At 6 hours, this peak decreased and, after 24 hours, it approached baseline. Conclusions. These findings demonstrate that there is a discrete grouping of proteins in retinal cytosol capable of binding DHA and other FA. Although the identities of these proteins have yet to be determined, the group may include a member of the 12- to 15-kd group of small fatty acid binding proteins (FABP). In particular, a unique 43-kd binding peak could play a major role in the uptake, binding, or both of DHA by the retina in vivo. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995 ;36 :2032-2039.
The use of a clinical case study in a clinical information system selection process.

Abstract The University of Pennsylvania Health System recently underwent an extensive selection process for a new clinical information system. In addition to a traditional system selection approach, a clinical case study was utilized during our selection process. This was done in an effort to better prepare the clinicians involved in the selection process, as well as to help identify key operational issues that the institution would need to resolve, related to the design and implementation of a new clinical system. We wil describe here the reasons this approach was chosen, how the case study was utilized, and provide an assessment of its usefulness.
10 – MEMBRANE TRANSPORT

This chapter summarizes the formulations for passive, facilitated, and active transport problems, and the degree of coupling. The transport of matter across membranes is an important class of biological processes. Membranes may have various physical and chemical structures, and hence are able to restrict transport processes by having different permeabilities for different substrates. Determining properties of equilibrium across and within a membrane may help in understanding the transport phenomena through membranes. The nonequilibrium thermodynamics approach identifies the possible pathways and interactions, such as coupling between the flow of a substance and a reaction, or between two flows. The conventional approach to analyzing membrane transport is based on the specific models of the classical laws of electrostatics (Poisson's equation) and hydrodynamics (Navier–Stokes equations) combined with Fick's diffusion equation. The Nernst–Planck equation is used for the transport of charged particles in an electric field. Specific Fick or Nernst–Planck equations treat all flows as independent, requiring mobility be subject to gradients of electrostatic and chemical potentials, which may not be fulfilled, especially in concentrated solutions. However, interactions (coupling) are a common phenomenon in membrane transport.
Better Safe than Sorry: A Conceptual Framework for the Use of the Cloud

Cloud computing has come to stay and is expanding rapidly. The mode of deployment of services has implications for users who store data in the cloud and risk exposure to potentially severeconsequences. The safe use of cloud computing services is therefore necessitated. Drawing on the principle of self-preservation and the theory of protection motivation, this paper develops a conceptual framework for the safe use of cloud computing services by individuals.
Feedback Control of Gonadal and Hypophyseal Hormones: Evolution of the Concept

An invitation to join in the writing of such a book as the editors of this volume visualize offers a challenging opportunity. The contributors can escape from the usual restrictions of scientific jargon, stylized form, and a text liberally larded with references. The mandate as I see it, is to be as candid, honest, and objective as a subjective mind and memory will allow.
A novel lysosome-to-mitochondria signaling pathway disrupted by amyloid-β oligomers

The mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease are incompletely understood. Using two-photon fluorescence lifetime microscopy of the coenzymes, NADH and NADPH, and tracking brain oxygen metabolism with multi-parametric photoacoustic microscopy, we show that activation of lysosomal mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by insulin or amino acids stimulates mitochondrial activity and regulates mitochondrial DNA synthesis in neurons. Amyloid-β oligomers, which are precursors of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease brain and stimulate mTORC1 protein kinase activity at the plasma membrane but not at lysosomes, block this Nutrient-induced Mitochondrial Activity (NiMA) by a mechanism dependent on tau, which forms neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease brain. NiMA was also disrupted in fibroblasts derived from two patients with tuberous sclerosis complex, a genetic disorder that causes dysregulation of lysosomal mTORC1. Thus, lysosomal mTORC1 couples nutrient availability to mitochondrial activity and links mitochondrial dysfunction to Alzheimer's disease by a mechanism dependent on the soluble building blocks of the poorly soluble plaques and tangles.
Power Line Commnuication -A Smart Approach for Efficient Data Transmission

In a rapidly changing world new technological advancements and improvements are a constant need and in the field of communication and data transmission the necessity of a new technology is a need of the hour. The Power Line Communications (PLC) is one such technology described in this paper which allows transmission of data over existing power lines. Since power lines are almost ubiquitous this technology could have a rapidly emerging market, utilizing existing electricity power lines for high speed transmission of data and voice servers. This method could possibly be seen as a new approach for home automation and for data transmission within industries internally and externally.
The Treadport: Natural Gait on a Treadmill

Objective:To evaluate the differences between walking on an advanced robotic locomotion interface called the Treadport and walking overground with healthy subjects.Background:Previous studies have ...
Trends bei der Farb-Applikation und Effekt-Lackierung

Farben und Effekte sind ein wichtiges Marketing-Instrument der Automobilindustrie. Im Mittelpunkt stehen zurzeit neue Pigmente und Applikationstechnologien zur Erzielung interessanter und innovativer Effekte. Wir geben einen Uberblick uber aktuelle Trends.
Abstract IA35: Determinants of effective tumor immunity

Treatment of solid tumors has been revolutionized by immune checkpoint blockade therapies; yet even for melanoma, for which high response rates are observed, the majority of tumors continue to grow after therapy. To identify immune cell states associated with success or failure of immunotherapy, we profiled the single-cell transcriptomes of immune cells from tumor samples obtained from melanoma patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors. We defined specific activation states of CD8+ T cells that associate with tumor growth post-therapy, delineated their epigenetic landscape and clonality, and demonstrated enhanced immunity by targeting a novel combination of T cell factors. We also found that expression of a single T cell gene was predictive of tumor regression in response to therapy. Our study thus reveals immune cell states and molecules that help explain effective immunotherapy in humans. Citation Format: Nir Hacohen. Determinants of effective tumor immunity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA35.
Hormones and Pharmaceuticals in Groundwater Used As a Source of Drinking Water Across the United States

This is the first large-scale, systematic assessment of hormone and pharmaceutical occurrence in groundwater used for drinking across the United States. Samples from 1091 sites in Principal Aquifers representing 60% of the volume pumped for drinking-water supply had final data for 21 hormones and 103 pharmaceuticals. At least one compound was detected at 5.9% of 844 sites representing the resource used for public supply across the entirety of 15 Principal Aquifers, and at 11.3% of 247 sites representing the resource used for domestic supply over subareas of nine Principal Aquifers. Of 34 compounds detected, one plastics component (bisphenol A), three pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and meprobamate), and the caffeine degradate 1,7-dimethylxanthine were detected in more than 0.5% of samples. Hydrocortisone had a concentration greater than a human-health benchmark at 1 site. Compounds with high solubility and low Koc were most likely to be detected. Detections were most common in shallow wells with a component of recent recharge, particularly in crystalline-rock and mixed land-use settings. Results indicate vulnerability of groundwater used for drinking water in the U.S. to contamination by these compounds is generally limited, and exposure to these compounds at detected concentrations is unlikely to have adverse effects on human health.
The role of phosphoglycerate mutase 2 in UM-UC3 bladder cancer cell metabolism.

410Background: Bladder cancer remains the fourth most common cancer in American males with a higher risk of recurrence and progression for patients with diabetes mellitus. Urothelial bladder cancer...
A least-squares based nodal scheme for cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamics

This paper presents a new and efficient nodal scheme for cell-centered compressible flows in Lagrangian formulation. A single pressure and the velocity at cell vertex are computed by the nodal solver in a least-squares sense, and both variables are used to evaluate the numerical flux across the cell interface. The resulting nodal velocity is also responsible for moving the mesh. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed method is studied by several numerical examples in the finite volume discretization, and compared with two other nodal Riemann solvers. It is shown that its performance is comparable to the latter two. Although the current paper mainly focuses on the first-order finite volume (FV), its extension to higher order methods such as high-order FV, discontinuous Galerkin (DG) or reconstructed discontinous Galerkin (rDG), is quite straightforward. And this method has the capability of easily extending to three dimensions.
Engineering Logical Inflammation Sensing Circuit for Gut Modulation

The mammalian gut contains trillions of microbes that interact with host cells and monitor changes in the environment. Opportunistic pathogens exploit environmental conditions to stimulate their growth and virulence, leading to a resurgence of chronic disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Current therapies are effective in less than 30% of patients due to the lack of adherence to prescription schedules and overall, off-target effects. Smart microbial therapeutics can be engineered to colonize the gut, providing in situ surveillance and conditional disease modulation. However, many current engineered microbes can only respond to single gut environmental factors, limiting their effectiveness. In this work, we implement the previously characterized split activator AND logic gate in the probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917. Our system can respond to two input signals: the inflammatory biomarker tetrathionate and a second input signal, IPTG. We report 4-6 fold induction with minimal leak when both signals are present. We model the dynamics of the AND gate using chemical reaction networks, and by tuning parameters in silico, we identified perturbations that affect our circuit9s selectivity. We anticipate that our results will prove useful for designing living therapeutics for spatial targeting and signal processing in complex environments.
Protective Effects of a Commercial Cheese Whey Derived Immunoglobulin Product Against Septicemic Escherichia coli Challenge in Colostrum Deprived Calves

A major cause of worldwide calf mortality is colisepticemia secondary to failure of passive transfer of colostral antibody. Several new products1,2,3,4 have been marketed in recent years to combat this problem.
Comparing Seasonal Trends in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient Data at a Quaternary Hospital in New York City

Coronavirus disease 2019 has been a worldwide pandemic since early 2020 with New York City being the epicenter in the United States during early 2020. Although cases of decreased coronavirus disease 2019 during the summer, cases began to rise once more in the fall-winter period. Little is known about trends in patient characteristics, medical care, and outcome between these time periods. We report initial patient characteristics and outcomes from a large quaternary referral center in New York City between Spring (March to June), Summer (July to September), and Winter (October to December), including prevalence of renal failure, respiratory failure, and mortality; stratified across several key populations of interest including all patients, ICU patients, those requiring of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula, and those intubated in each time period.
Library as place: Understanding contradicting user expectations

Abstract In the 21st century, academic libraries continue their transition from warehouses of information to laboratories of knowledge creation. This case study examines the disconnect between the assessment by academic library users of what library resources and services are important and their lack of use of those resources and services. Focus group interviews with selected target populations explore differences based on level of study and discipline. The key finding is the importance of the library as place and what resources and services contribute to a library's sense of place.
A Metasemantics for Intersectionality

This chapter develops a metasemantic theory that satisfies the Intersectional Metasemantic Adequacy constraint. On the proposed theory, the semantics of English expressions are determined by what an ideal version of the English-speaking community would say about the meanings of their expressions. The view that the semantics of English is determined by deference to an ideal community is defended and elaborated, the character of this ideal community is spelled out, and a number of other details are filled in about how the metasemantics works. The metasemantics I develop helps to explain how misinformation can be understood as epistemic violence.
Losing the Temple and Recovering the Future: An Analysis of 4 Ezra

Preface 1. Reboot 2. The past and future Ezra 3. The memory of scripture 4. Re-centering the world 5. Radical hope and the revitalization of scripture.
First-Principles Parameter Estimation for Dynamic Monte Carlo of a Lattice-Gas Model

We present preliminary results demonstrating how dynamic Monte Carlo transition rates for lateral diffusion can be found from quantum ab initio calculations. As an example, we consider the specific problem of Br electrosorption onto Ag(100), and we use density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the Br binding energy at the four-fold hollow, bridge, and on-top sites. From these energies, we develop a simplified corrugation potential. Using Langevin simulations, we analyze the motion of a single particle in this corrugation potential and study the transition rates between lattice-gas states. We further test the corrugation potential by comparing results of an off-lattice equilibrium simulation with the previous results for a lattice-gas model. We find that our DFT barrier estimates are consistent with a lattice-gas treatment of the statics and dynamics of the system.
Semipermanent Protection of Side Chain Functions

Protection of the side chain carboxyl groups of aspartyl and glutamyl residues is not always necessary.
Primary structure of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase establishes a new family of eukaryotic protein kinases

We recently reported molecular cloning of the branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase, the first mitochondrial protein kinase to be cloned (Popov, K. M., Zhao, Y., Shimomura, Y., Kuntz, M. J., and Harris, R. A. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 13127-13130). From a search for proteins related to the branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase, a cDNA encoding the 434 amino acid residues corresponding to pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase has been cloned from a rat heart cDNA library. Evidence that the clone codes for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase includes: (a) the deduced amino acid sequence is identical to the partial sequence of the kinase determined by direct sequencing; (b) expression of the cDNA in Escherichia coli resulted in synthesis of a protein that phosphorylated and inactivated the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; (c) kinase activity of the recombinant protein is sensitive to inhibition by a specific inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; and (d) antiserum raised against the recombinant protein recognized the protein subunit known to correspond to pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase in a highly purified preparation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Like the branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase lacks motifs usually associated with eukaryotic Ser/Thr-protein kinases. Considerable sequence similarity exists between these mitochondrial protein kinases and members of the prokaryotic histidine kinase family, a diverse set of sensing and response systems important in the regulation of bacterial processes. Thus, molecular cloning of these proteins establishes a new eukaryotic family of protein kinases that is related to a prokaryotic family of protein kinases.
A Platform for Change

Aldous Huxley has noted that an essay, which should be a short piece, ‘is a literary device for saying almost everything about almost anything’. While an essay can be autobiographical, or factual w...