cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Predicting Adult Physical Illness From Infant Attachment: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Objective: Recent epidemiological and longitudinal studies indicate that attachment relationships may be a significant predictor of physical health in adulthood. This study is among the few to prospectively link attachment classifications assessed in infancy to physical health outcomes 30 years later in adulthood, controlling for various health-related confounds. Methods: Participants were 163 individuals involved in a 32-year longitudinal study of risk and adaptation who have been followed since birth. Attachment classifications were assessed at ages 12 and 18 months using the Ainsworth Strange Situation Procedure. Stability of attachment security was derived from these assessments. At age 32, participants completed a questionnaire asking about the presence of or treatment for current physical illnesses. Results: Binary logistic regression analyses controlling for health-related confounds at age 32 indicated that individuals who were insecurely attached (i.e., anxious-resistant or anxious-avoidant) during infancy were more likely to report an inflammation-based illness in adulthood than those classified as securely attached during infancy. There also was a trend whereby individuals classified as anxious-resistant reported more nonspecific symptoms in adulthood than those classified as either anxious-avoidant or secure. Individuals who were continuously insecure during infancy were more likely to report all types of physical illness in adulthood. Conclusion: These findings reveal the lasting effect of early interpersonal relationships on physical health and suggests that infancy may be a fruitful point for prevention efforts. The widespread influence that attachment has on endogenous and exogenous health-related processes may make it particularly potent in the prevention of later physical health problems.
Social feature-based multi-path routing in delay tolerant networks

Most routing protocols for delay tolerant networks resort to the sufficient state information, including trajectory and contact information, to ensure routing efficiency. However, state information tends to be dynamic and hard to obtain without a global and/or long-term collection process. In this paper, we use the internal social features of each node in the network to perform the routing process. This approach is motivated from several social contact networks, such as the Infocom 2006 trace, where people contact each other more frequently if they have more social features in common. Our approach includes two unique processes: social feature extraction and multi-path routing. In social feature extraction, we use entropy to extract the m most informative social features to create a feature space (F-space): (F 1 , F 2 , …, F m ), where F i corresponds to a feature. The routing method then becomes a hypercube-based feature matching process where the routing process is a step-by-step feature difference resolving process. We offer two special multi-path routing schemes: node-disjoint-based routing and delegation-based routing. Extensive simulations on both real and synthetic traces are conducted in comparison with several existing approaches, including spray-and-wait routing and spray-and-focus routing.
Tonic Immobility in Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors and Its Relationship to Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology

Past research has shown that 37% to 52% of sexual assault survivors report experiencing a set of peritraumatic responses, which include gross motor inhibition, analgesia, and fixed or unfocused staring. This response set closely resembles a set of unconditioned responses, collectively known as Tonic Immobility (TI). This study examined TI among childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors and its relation to PTSD symptomatology. Participants were 131 female college undergraduates who completed questionnaires assessing sexual abuse history, TI, and PTSD symptom severity. Results showed that TI partially mediated the relation between peritraumatic fear and overall PTSD symptom severity and completely mediated the relation between fear and the PTSD reexperiencing symptoms. Although peritraumatic fear is associated with TI, the mediation findings provide evidence for the notion that these responses are separate from one another. These results suggest that TI during CSA may play an important role in the subsequent PTSD symptomatology in adulthood.
Personalizing Delivered Information in a Software Reuse Environment

Browsing- and querying-oriented schemes have long served as the principal techniques for software developers to locate software components from a component repository for reuse. Unfortunately, the problem remains that software developers simply will not actively search for components when they are unaware that they need components or that relevant components even exist. Thus, to assist software developers in making full use of large component repositories, information access need to be complemented by information delivery. Effective delivery of components calls for the personalization of the components to the task being performed and the knowledge of the user performing it.We have designed, implemented, and evaluated the CodeBroker system to support personalized component delivery to increase the usefulness of a Java software reuse environment.
Outer Atmospheres of Late-Type Stars

I will attempt to summarize our limited understanding of the outer atmospheres of red giants by describing recent important observational results concerning chromospheres and coronae in late-type stars and how red giants fit into the emerging picture. In particular, I will point out where in the cool half of the HR diagram chromospheres, transition regions, coronae, and large mass loss occur and suggest what the important parameters determining the energy balance of these layers might be. I will then summarize the chromospheric modelling process and describe in detail models of the late-type supergiants β Dra (G2 II), e Gem (G8 lb), and a Ori (M2 lab) recently computed by Basri and Linsky.
Possible breakup of dark terrain on Ganymede by large-scale shear faulting.

The questions of relative motions of large segments of Ganymede's lithosphere and of the effect of any motions on grooved terrain formation are reexamined. Resolvable furrows in both hemispheres were mapped in great detail using Voyager 1 and 2 images and U.S. Geological Survey controlled shaded-relief quadrangle maps. Estimates of the Galileo Regio and Marius Regio poles of furrow concentricity indicate a considerable westward offset of the Galileo Regio pole, suggesting the possibility of about 500-km of left-lateral offset of the two areas. There is evidence that shear deformation was concentrated along a major structural lineament which follows a small circle and encloses Galileo Regio, and that a smaller amount of distributed shear occurred across an adjacent 500- to 1500-km-wide band. The results indicate that either widespread shear strain or the shear's driving mechanism may have had a long-term effect on patterns of deformation of Ganymede's lithosphere.
Shear instability and coherent structures in shallow flow adjacent to a porous layer

Results are presented from an experimental study of shallow flow in a channel partially obstructed by an array of circular cylinders. The cylinder array is a model for emergent vegetation in an open channel, but also represents a simple sparse porous medium. A shear layer with regular vortex structures forms at the edge of the array, evolving downstream to an equilibrium width and vortex size. The vortices induce nearly periodic oscillations with a frequency that matches the most unstable linear mode for a parallel shear flow. The shear layer is asymmetric about the array interface and has a two-layer structure. An inner region of maximum shear near the interface contains a velocity inflection point and establishes the penetration of momentum into the array. An outer region, resembling a boundary layer, forms in the main channel, and establishes the scale of the vortices. The vortex structure, educed by conditional sampling, shows strong crossflows with sweeps from the main channel and ejections from the array, which create significant momentum and mass fluxes across the interface. The sweeps maintain the coherent structures by enhancing shear and energy production at the interface. A linear stability analysis is consistent with the experimental results and demonstrates that the instability is excited by the differential drag between the channel and the array.
Cyclic variation of T1 in the myocardium at 3 T.

Abstract Standard methods of longitudinal relaxation (T1) measurements in the heart produce only one T1 map of the myocardium, usually at the end diastole (ED). In this article, we investigated the feasibility of using a dual flip angle fast gradient echo technique in the steady state to generate a movie of T1 maps in the myocardium during the cardiac cycle. The effects of nonideal slice profile and transient steady state on the T1 measurements were evaluated by Bloch simulations. Based on these results, we introduce a linear correction to the measured T1 values, which was validated by phantom experiments. In vivo T1 cine maps in healthy volunteers show 70±7% drop in T1 from the ED to the end systole in the septum and a 43±13% drop in the left ventricular lateral wall. With further improvements, this technique could be used to assess the myocardial blood volume changes during the cardiac cycle.
On the Normal Component of Centralized Frictionless Collision Sequences

A typical assumption for rigid body collisions with multiple impact points is that all collisions occur simultaneously and are synchronized in their compression/expansion behavior, a useful assumption given the microscopic time scale at which collisions occur. In the case in which collisions are dependent upon one another, however, there is interaction between and within compression and expansion phases. Instead of treating the collisions as separate consecutive impacts or by activating all constraints at the same time, a rule is presented that orders the collisions as a sequence of interacting events at a point in time to handle the normal component of the collisions.
Structural controllability of multiinput linear systems

This paper extends the results of Lin on structural controllability of single-input linear systems to multiinput linear systems. An interesting byproduct of this extension is an application of generic analysis to the determination of the rank of a structured matrix. The algorithm for computing generic rank is applicable to various problems other than the controllability problem studied here.
Validation of using gene expression in mononuclear cells as a marker for hepatic cholesterol metabolism

HMG-CoA reductase and the LDL receptor are ubiquitously expressed in major tissues. Since the liver plays a major role in regulating circulating LDL, it is usually of interest to measure the effects of drug or dietary interventions on these proteins in liver. In humans, peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been used as a surrogate for liver to assess regulation of these genes, although there is concern regarding the validity of this approach. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between liver and mononuclear cell expression of HMG-CoA reductase and the LDL receptor in guinea pigs, a well established model for human cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. We extracted RNA from liver and mononuclear cells of guinea pigs from a previous study where the effects of rapamycin, an immunosuppresant drug used for transplant patients, on lipid metabolism were evaluated. Guinea pigs were assigned to three different diets containing the same amount of fat (15 g/100 g) and cholesterol (0.08 g/100 g) for a period of 3 weeks. The only difference among diets was the concentration of rapamycin: 0, 0.0028 or 0.028 g/100 g. There were no differences in plasma LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) among groups. Values were 78.4 ± 14.3, 65.8 ± 17.2 and 68.4 ± 45.4 mg/dL (P > 0.05) for guinea pigs treated with 0, low or high doses of rapamycin, respectively. The mRNA abundance for the LDL receptor and HMG-CoA reductase was measured both in liver (n = 30) and mononuclear cells (n = 22) using reverse transcriptase PCR. In agreement with the finding of no changes in plasma LDL-C, there were also no differences for the expression of HMG-CoA reductase or the LDL receptor among groups. However, a positive correlation was found between liver and mononuclear cells for both HMG-CoA reductase (r = 0.613, P < 0.01) and the LDL receptor (r = 0.622, P < 0.01). These correlations suggest that monocytes can be used in humans as an index for liver to assess diet and drug effects on the expression of HMG-CoA reductase and the LDL receptor.
Insights into immediate-early gene function in hippocampal memory consolidation using antisense oligonucleotide and fluorescent imaging approaches

In the 14 years since it was discovered that specific genes could be dynamically regulated in the brain by neural activity, there has been a substantial research focus attempting to understand the role immediate-early genes (IEGs) play in various brain functions. This article examines the involvement of IEGs in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and in memory consolidation processes performed by the hippocampus. Studies employing conventional IEG detection methodologies and a novel gene-imaging approach that provides temporal and cellular resolution (cellular compartment analysis of emporal activity by fluorescence in situ hybridization or catFISH) provide evidence supporting the assertion that IEG expression reflects the integration of information processed by hippocampal neurons. However, IEG expression is not merely correlated with neural activity, but also plays a pivotal role in stabilizing recent changes in synaptic efficacy. As such, localized disruption of IEGs Arc or c-fos by intrahippocampal administration of antisense oligonucleotides or germline disruption of the IEGs c-fos, tissue plasminogen activator, or zif268 impairs consolidation of long-term memory formation, without affecting learning or short-term memory. Further investigation into the expression and function of IEGs using catFISH and antisense approaches will likely increase understanding of the molecular and cellular bases of information processing involving the hippocampus.
LIPOXYGENASE MRNA IN CULTURED HUMAN EPIDERMAL AND ORAL KERATINOCYTES

Although 15-lipoxygenase has not been purified from cultured human keratinocytes nor has cDNA coding for the protein been isolated from this source, this enzyme activity is implied by the finding of its stereospecific product in in vitro experiments. Based on two primer pairs derived from human reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase cDNA, we detected approximately 260 bp and approximately 370 bp cDNA fragments that were indistinguishable by gel electrophoresis and Southern hybridization from those derived from reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase cDNA. The approximately 260 bp polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragment from a keratinocyte plasmid cDNA library was cloned and determined, by sequencing, to contain 262 bp that were 100% identical to the corresponding reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase cDNA. These two reticulocyte-type 15-lipoxygenase PCR fragments were also detected from oral keratinocytes. Using platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase cDNA primers, we derived a 264 bp cDNA fragment from keratinocyte mRNA. By sequence analysis, this fragment was determined to be 99.6% identical to that from platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase cDNA. The same fragment was also observed from two amplified keratinocyte cDNA libraries, and from oral keratinocyte mRNA. This is the first demonstration of reticulocyte-type 15-lipoxygenase cDNA derived from the mRNA of cultured human keratinocytes.
EFFECT OF A CONSTANT MAGNETIC FIELD ON INVERTEBRATE NEURONS.

Investigations of possible effects of magnetic fields on neurons have been carried out with varied degrees of systematic experimentation and success. McKendrick(1) in studying the effects of a magnetic field on the sciatic nerve of a frog indicated that the magnetic field reduced the irritability of the nerve-muscle preparation. The results of his experiments were not conclusive. Erdman(2) conducted experiments which indicated that magnetic fields (greater than 1000 Oe) initially decreased, and then increased, the chronaxie of the frog sciatic nerve-muscle preparation. Liberman et a1.,(3) in an attempt to verify Erdman’s results, concluded that a 10,000-Oe magnetic field did not affect single fibers of the sciatic nerve. Young and Gofman(4) observed that the isolated frog vagal heart preparation exhibited a decrease in the duration of vagal inhibition, work per cycle, contractility, and a high frequency of irregularity after cessation of magnetic fields of 4,000–15,000 Oe.
Comparative Endocrinology of Gestation

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the comparative endocrinology of gestation. The comparative endocrinology of pregnancy is a broad field and it is advantageous to consider it under headings that represent separate functional units. Three endocrine systems can be defined on the basis of their function in relationship to the physiology of pregnancy: preimplantation, postimplantation, and metabolic-homeostatic. These are discrete but interrelated systems and each has an essential role in mammalian reproduction. The preimplantation endocrine system controls gametogenesis, sexual behavior, ovulation, conception, and implantation. For many nonmammalian vertebrates, a “preimplantation” system has sufficed to accomplish fertilization of the ovum and its expulsion into an environment that is suitable for the subsequent development of the embryo. It is from a “preimplantation” system, that postimplantation endocrine activity can be assumed to have evolved. The development of the postimplantation endocrine system is a central aspect of the evolution of viviparity. The gonadotropic hormones, both from the pituitary and the placenta, have an important function in promoting the synthesis of the essential steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, in the ovary.
Improving Low-Relief Coastal LiDAR DEMs with Hydro-Conditioning of Fine-Scale and Artificial Drainages

Improvements in Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology and spatial analysis of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) have advanced the accuracy and diversity of applications for coastal hazards and natural resources management. This article presents a concise synthesis of LiDAR analysis for coastal flooding and management applications in low-relief coastal plains and a case study demonstration of a new, efficient drainage mapping algorithm. The impetus for these LiDAR applications follows historic flooding from Hurricane Floyd in 1999, after which the State of North Carolina and the Federal Emergency Management Agency undertook extensive LiDAR data acquisition and technological developments for high-resolution floodplain mapping. An efficient algorithm is outlined for hydro-conditioning bare earth LiDAR DEMs using available US Geological Survey National Hydrography Dataset canal and ditch vectors. The methodology is illustrated in Moyock, North Carolina, for refinement of hydro-conditioning by combines pre-existing bare earth DEMs with spatial analysis of LiDAR point clouds in segmented and buffered ditch and canal networks. The methodology produces improved maps of fine-scale drainage, reduced omission of areal flood inundation, and subwatershed delineations that typify heavily ditched and canalled drainage areas. These preliminary results illustrate the capability of the technique to improve the representation of ditches in DEMs as well as subsequent flow and inundation modeling that could spur further research on low-relief coastal LiDAR applications.
Advancement in Predictive Modeling of Mild Steel Corrosion in CO2- and H2S-Containing Environments

Over the past decade, the knowledge related to predicting internal pipeline corrosion for sweet and particularly sour environments has dramatically improved. Advancement in understanding of the cor...
Factors Impacting Advance Care Planning among African Americans: Results of a Systematic Integrated Review

Abstract Background: African Americans (AA) are more likely to receive worse end-of-life (EOL) care and are less likely to participate in advance care planning (ACP) than white Americans. Objective: Our goal was to understand factors impacting ACP among AA and explore their interactions, in order to guide further research and intervention development. Methods: We systematically identified, using Medline, Embase, and World of Science databases, the quantitative and qualitative ACP literature in which AA were included. We assessed the quality of these studies and evaluated the literature in an iterative and integrative fashion, using themes developed from the qualitative literature to understand and categorize findings from the quantitative literature. Results: Thirty-eight mostly moderate and low quality quantitative studies focused largely on advance directive (AD) completion. Whereas most conclude that AA, when compared with white Americans, prefer more aggressive care, participate less in ACP, and are m...
Arias-Stella reaction in fallopian tube epithelium. A light and electron microscopic study with a review of the literature

Most pathologists are familiar with the Arias-Stella reaction in the endometrium, because it is seen in approximately 25% of curettage specimens during early pregnancy. However, the Arias-Stella reaction is exceedingly rare in the fallopian tube, and may be confused with herpetic infection or malignancy. This may result in unnecessary therapy. The authors present a case of Arias-Stella reaction in the fallopian tube and discuss the differential diagnosis of this condition.
Clinical Nutrition: Parenteral Nutrition 3rd ed.

Clinical Nutrition: Parenteral Nutrition 3rd ed. edited by John L. Rombeau, MD, Rolando H. Rolandelli, MD, eds. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2001.This edition updates advances in the continually ev...
Ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumors

Abstract Ovarian neoplasms, though rarely seen in children or adolescents, are very important biologically due to their potential to affect growth, development, and fertility in these patients; therefore, prompt diagnosis is imperative. Ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCT) occur predominantly in the first two decades of life. Clinical presentation varies but premenarchal patients often manifest isosexual precocity and postmenarchal patients usually present with nonspecific abdominal complaints. JGCT is almost always unilateral and confined to the ovary. Prognosis is excellent for localized tumors. The clinical and pathological features of this rare ovarian tumor are discussed here.
Effect of cations on structure-linked sedimentability of lysosomal hydrolases

1. A partially purified lysosomal preparation was obtained from mouse liver sucrose homogenates by differential and discontinuous gradient centrifugation. 2. Triton X-100 or repeated freezing and thawing of the lysosomal suspension (subfraction B) allowed comparison of free and activated values for acid phosphohydrolase, β-glucuronidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase in the presence and absence of ascorbate. 3. The distribution of hydrolase activities between supernatant and pellet after high-speed centrifugation was measured and the percentages of total enzyme found in the supernatant were: acid phosphohydrolase, 40·7; β-glucuronidase, 51; N-acetylglucosaminidase, 39·4. 4. Differential rates of elution of the three hydrolases from the membrane fraction occurred with increasing Na+ and K+ concentrations, whereas complex biphasic elution curves were obtained as a function of bivalent cation concentration with Ca2+ and Mg2+. 5. Sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation of frozen-and-thawed subfraction B demonstrated highly significant changes in the protein gradient profile in the presence of a low concentration of bivalent cation, indicating membrane aggregation and enzyme–membrane association. 6. The data provide further evidence for the nature of lysosomal enzyme binding and indicate the presence of different enzyme–membrane bonds conferring structure-linked latency upon individual lysosomal enzymes.
The culture of colonies of rabbit bone marrow stromal cell in vitro

Objective To investigate the growing variation of the culture of colonies of rabbit bone marrow stomal cell in vitro Methods Extracted rabbit bone marrow stomal cell,then cutlured these cell isolated in 1640 cultre system of CO 2 incubator Count the colony after fixed Results There was a clearly linear relationship between the number of implanted cells and the formed colonies in a some concentration(2~6×10 6 /cm 2),and the colonies of bone marrow stromal cell were increasing with the time extending.The CFU F of the three weeks rabbit were more than that of the six weeks rabbit Conclusion The CFU F are nonhomogenous,and might be heterogeneous subgroups.
Survey and Analysis of Genitourinary Infection with Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia Trachomatis and Ureaplasma Urealyticum in Outpatients

Objective To learn the situation of genitourinary infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and ureaplasma urealyticum ( UU) in the sexual transmitted disease (STD) outpatients of Jiangmen CDC. Methods Collect samples from genitourinary tract of patients with stimulation or abnormal secretion. UU was detected by means of culture; CT was detected by rapid im-munochromatography; NG was detected by smear, stain, microscopy, and confirmed by culture and isolation. Results All of 205 patients varied from 20 - 40 years old, most of whom had non - marriage sexual history. The positive rate of non - gonococcal urechritis( NGU) and gonococcal urethritis (GU) were 70.24 % and 7.31% , respectively; the infection rate of UU and CT were 57.4% and 34.56% , separately; the co-infection rate was 26.34 %. Conclusion Patients infected with NGU and GU were mainly composed of sex matured people and related with active sex,so we should strengthen the education of sex knowledge to crowd.
Red blood cell transfusion triggers in acute leukemia: a randomized pilot study.

BACKGROUND Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion thresholds have yet to be examined in large randomized trials in hematologic malignancies. This pilot study in acute leukemia uses a restrictive compared to a liberal transfusion strategy. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized (2:1) study was conducted of restrictive (LOW) hemoglobin (Hb) trigger (7 g/dL) compared to higher (HIGH) Hb trigger (8 g/dL). The primary outcome was feasibility of conducting a larger trial. The four requirements for success required that more than 50% of the eligible patients could be consented, more than 75% of the patients randomized to the LOW arm tolerated the transfusion trigger, fewer than 15% of patients crossed over from the LOW arm to the HIGH arm, and no indication for the need to pause the study for safety concerns. Secondary outcomes included fatigue, bleeding, and RBCs and platelets transfused. RESULTS Ninety patients were consented and randomly assigned to LOW to HIGH. The four criteria for the primary objective of feasibility were met. When the number of units transfused was compared, adjusting for baseline Hb, the LOW arm was transfused on average 8.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.9-9.1) units/patient while the HIGH arm received 11.7 (95% CI, 10.1-13.2) units (p = 0.0003). There was no significant difference in bleeding events or neutropenic fevers between study arms. CONCLUSION This study establishes feasibility for trial of Hb thresholds in leukemia through demonstration of success in all primary outcome metrics and a favorable safety profile. This population requires further study to evaluate the equivalence of liberal and restrictive transfusion thresholds in this unique clinical setting.
A Methodology for Validating Entry Level Value versus Career Value of Courses in an MIS Program

The purpose of this study was to determine which entry-level course evaluations are drivers of an attitude of approval toward an MIS program, which career-level course evaluations are drivers of an attitude of approval toward an MIS program and whether alumni evaluations coincide with the beliefs of faculty who designed the curriculum. Alumni were asked to indicate the value of the content of each required course of the program during their first year on the job, then in their current position and then asked to evaluate the entire MIS program yielding a factor score for one’s overall attitude toward the MIS program. The resulting factor score for each alumnus was related to the scores for the value of courses during one’s first year on the job and the scores for the value of courses in one’s current position. The plans of the faculty who designed the MIS curriculum as to what point in time, entry-level position, later in one’s career, or a combination of the two, each course would be of value is reviewed. The perceptions of the alumni are compared to the beliefs of the faculty.
Intensive treatment and survival outcomes in NUT midline carcinoma of the head and neck.

BACKGROUND NUT midline carcinoma is a rare and aggressive genetically characterized subtype of squamous cell carcinoma frequently arising from the head and neck. The characteristics and optimal management of head and neck NUT midline carcinoma (HNNMC) are unclear. METHODS A retrospective review of all known cases of HNNMC in the International NUT Midline Carcinoma Registry as of December 31, 2014, was performed. Forty-eight consecutive patients were treated from 1993 to 2014, and clinicopathologic variables and outcomes for 40 patients were available for analyses; they composed the largest HNNMC cohort studied to date. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) according to patient characteristics and treatment were analyzed. RESULTS This study identified a 5-fold increase in the diagnosis of HNNMC from 2011 to 2014. The median age was 21.9 years (range, 0.1-81.7 years); the male and female proportions were 40% and 60%, respectively; and 86% had bromodomain containing 4–nuclear protein in testis (BRD4-NUT) fusion. The initial treatment was initial surgery with or without adjuvant chemoradiation or adjuvant radiation (56%), initial radiation with or without chemotherapy (15%), or initial chemotherapy with or without surgery or radiation (28%). The median PFS was 6.6 months (range, 4.7-8.4 months). The median OS was 9.7 months (range, 6.6-15.6 months). The 2-year PFS rate was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13%-40%). The 2-year OS rate was 30% (95% CI, 16%-46%). Initial surgery with or without postoperative chemoradiation or radiation (P = .04) and complete resection with negative margins (P = .01) were significant predictors of improved OS even after adjustments for age, tumor size, and neck lymphadenopathy. Initial radiation or chemotherapy and the NUT translocation type were not associated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS HNNMC portends a poor prognosis. Aggressive initial surgical resection with or without postoperative chemoradiation or radiation is associated with significantly enhanced survival. Chemotherapy or radiation alone is often inadequate. Cancer 2016;122:3632-40. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Dictators and democrats: masses, elites, and regime change, by Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman

Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman have done it again! After their major books of 1992, 1995, and 2008, they have co-authored another theoretically important, exceedingly well-researched, and compr...
Modified Open Bankart Repair and Capsular Shift for Recurrent Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability

This chapter will focus on the decision-making process, rationale, and indications for modified open Bankart repair and capsular shift for treatment of recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability. Over the past 20 years, arthroscopic stabilization techniques have become the treatment of choice for recurrent anterior instability. However, recent evidence demonstrates higher than acceptable recurrence rates in young males involved in collision sports and when significant bone defects on the glenoid or humeral head are present. Many authors have advocated bone block procedures, principally the Latarjet as the solution in these circumstances. This algorithm bypasses consideration of the open Bankart as a useful procedure in certain cases and suggests that the arthroscopic and open procedures are similar with regard to techniques and outcomes. The senior author believes there is still a role for this procedure, which has been a proven surgical technique for recurrent anterior shoulder instability for more than 70 years. This chapter will update the outcomes of the modified open Bankart repair and capsular shift and demonstrate the differences as compared to the arthroscopic technique. Further, a thorough description of the technique will be provided in addition to complications. The authors will demonstrate that there is a role for this procedure in selected cases and should be a part of the surgical armamentarium in the treatment of recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability.
Performance analysis of multiple classes of traffic in wi-fi networks: theoretical and experimental study

This dissertation develops analytical models for performance evaluation of Wi-Fi networks (IEEE 802.11e/g wireless LANs) and designs admission control strategy that guarantees the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the accepted traffic. Guaranteeing QoS is a major challenge, particularly for real-time multimedia traffic such as voice and video. The QoS measures of interest are throughput, delay, collision probability, and packet loss probability. Our analytical models accurately capture the complexity of multiple classes of traffic in Wi-Fi networks; we also attain several valuable insights about the performance of IEEE 802.11 WLANs. Our study is based on the infrastructure wireless local area networks (WLANs) setting, in which mobile stations (STAs) access a high speed LAN (e.g., Eethernet) via an access point (AP). After deriving analytical models for interactive voice calls and video-conferencing traffic, we extend this model to include transport control protocol (TCP) for file downloads. Our model includes downlink video streaming traffic. We estimate the maximum number of voice calls that can be supported with and without TCP, with and without video; and additionally the maximum video streaming rate when combined with voice over IP (VoIP) calls and TCP controlled file transfers. We also analyze the effect of arbitrary queue size on the voice capacity, video-conferencing capacity and throughput, TCP and video streaming throughput; and determine bandwidth utilization for variable packet arrival rates. Our proposed model is generic in the sense that it provides a high level system view approach, and some of the existing approaches for Wi-Fi performance analysis become special cases of our model for specific queue sizes. The underlying method of our analytic model is to identify an embedded discrete-time Markov chain at random times. The Markov chain consists of the number of nonempty queues or mobile STAs, the number of packets is waiting therein and the variable to keep track of which traffic classes are allowed to attempt in a channel slot. Here, the channel slot is defined as the interval between two successive channel activities, which are any sort of action carried out by a mobile station at any time. The stationary probabilities of all the Markov states are derived by solving a set of linear equations, thus obtaining the desired performance measures of IEEE 802.11 WLANs. Finally, we use the Qualnet simulator to simulate the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) model according to the IEEE 802.11 specifications. We also conduct an experimental study of the EDCA mechanism of the IEEE 802.11 standard with a real-environment testbed consisting of one access point and 11 laptops to further validate the analytical model and simulation results.
Effect of Preemergence Herbicides on the Cold Hardiness of Container-grown Kurume Hybrid Azalea (Rhododendron x hybrida ‘Tradition’)

Abstract Since there is considerable use of preemergence herbicides in the containerized nursery industry, a study was conducted to determine if they affect the ability of plants to cold acclimate. Six preemergence herbicides with different modes-of-action were chosen for the study, and were applied to a Kurume type azalea (Rhododendron x hybrida ‘Tradition’) on October 8, 2004. Laboratory cold hardiness evaluations were conducted at 10, 17, and 24 weeks after treatment (WAT) to both stems and leaves. None of the preemergent herbicides tested caused a significant trend in cold acclimation with either stems or leaves when compared over all sampling dates and temperatures. However, some preemergence herbicides caused a significant increase or decrease in cold acclimation of stems and leaves at selected sampling dates and temperatures.
UNMASKING OF ISOLATED NON-COMPACTION OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE WITH REAL TIME CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND INTERMEDIATE MECHANICAL INDEX

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with ultrasound-enhancing agents (UEAs) are used to identify the deep intertrabecular recesses (ITR) of the non-compacted (NC) layer in patients with suspected left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). A reduced mechanical index (MI) is recommended however too low
The Multilevel Impacts of Proximate Crime Generators and Attractors on Individual-Level Perceptions of Crime Risk:

Fear of crime has been associated with mental illness, poor physical health, reduced social cohesion and informal social control. Prior studies examining variance in levels of fear have been explai...
Explorations of in-situ passive source localization in the Philippine Sea using frequency-difference matched field processing

Matched Field Processing (MFP) is a well-known technique for source localization in challenging acoustic environments. Accurate source localization using this method requires a correlation between array-recorded and replica acoustic fields calculated using knowledge of the acoustic environment. For a well-understood acoustic environment, this method is successful. However, recorded signals may be sensitive to details of the environment which are unknown and not included in the calculation of the replica field. The severity of this mismatch increases with frequency, as phase coherence is lost more easily at higher frequencies. In this case, a mismatch between the recorded and calculated fields will occur which can cause MFP to fail at relevant frequencies and ranges in the deep ocean. A proposed remedy to this problem may be analyzing the frequency-difference autoproduct of the measured acoustic field instead of analyzing the field itself. This presentation explores using this method to localize moored sou...
Combating Gender Bias in Modern Workplaces

Widely shared cultural beliefs about gender, as contained in stereotypes, continue to disadvantage women in workplace settings. Stereotypes include beliefs that women are less competent than men in many domains, which lead women to be held to higher performance standards, to face increased scrutiny and shifting criteria when being evaluated, to encounter likeability and motherhood penalties, and to lack access to powerful networks. As a result, women experience disadvantages at work, including biases in hiring, evaluation, and promotion decisions. Such biases often operate outside conscious awareness, in what some scholars term “implicit bias,” “unconscious bias,” or “second-generation bias” (Ibarra et al. in Harvard Bus Rev, 91:60–66, 2013). Organizations have engaged in bias-mitigation efforts, such as employee resource groups, unconscious bias training, and broad-scale diversity initiatives. However, such approaches to diversity can either fail or even backfire, exacerbating inequality. While some emerging research offers solutions for positive change, more research is needed to understand how organizations can decrease the effects of gender bias and achieve lasting equality in workplaces.
Principles and Platitudes

One thing we noted in the last chapter was how the label “law of nature” is applied to several quite different types of statement. Boyle’s law is a straightforward law of nature. So is Snell’s law. Snell’s law, however, involves a theoretical term—“light ray.” Boyle’s law requires no such term. The laws of motion and of electromagnetics and thermodynamics are laws of nature, too, and they are riddled with theoretical terms, being less like formal summaries of what we observe and more like the axioms of a calculus. Thus, we are versatile in our use of the expression “law of nature.”
Sensation seeking, binge-type eating disorders, victimization, and PTSD in the National Women's Study

Abstract Objective Higher degrees of sensation seeking (SS) are reported in community and clinical samples of individuals with eating disorders with binge-type features (BTEDs), but no reports exist in representative probability samples of adult women. Additionally, SS has been linked to victimization and PTSD, also associated with BTEDs, yet interrelationships between these variables are unexplored. Methods A national, probability sample of 3006 adult women (≥18 y/o) completed structured telephone interviews including assessments for victimization, PTSD, bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). The survey included the 6 items of the Disinhibition-Intentions for the Future (DIF) subscale of Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale-VI, which asks how likely participants would be to engage in given activities. Total SS score (TSSS-DIFS) was the sum of the 6 items' scores. Differences among the 3 groups (BN, BED, non-BN/BED) were compared using ANOVA covaried by age and post-hoc t-tests. Multiple regression tested the effects of age, number of victimization experiences (NVE), lifetime PTSD, and BTEDs on TSSS-DIFS. Results There were significant differences in TSSS-DIFS across BTED diagnoses (p ≤ .001). Participants with BN (p ≤ .002) and those with BED (p ≤ .01) had significantly higher scores than those without BTEDs. These findings persisted in both groups after correcting for NVE and lifetime PTSD. TSSS-DIFS was significantly higher in participants with BTED with PTSD versus those without (p ≤ .025). Discussion SS traits related to disinhibition occur more commonly in U.S. adult women with BN and BED, even after controlling for NVE and PTSD, which were also associated with higher TSSS-DIFS.
Designing Breadth-Oriented Data Exploration for Mitigating Cognitive Biases

Exploratory data analysis involves making a series of complex decisions: what should I explore? what questions should I ask? As users do not have good knowledge about the data they are exploring, making these decisions is non-trivial. In making these decisions, heuristics are often applied, potentially causing a biased exploration path. While breadth-oriented data exploration presents a promising solution to rectifying a biased exploration path, how to design such systems is yet to be explored. In this Chapter, we propose three considerations in designing systems that support breadth-oriented data exploration. To demonstrate the utility of these design considerations, we describe a hypothetical breadth-oriented system. We argue that these design considerations pave the way for understanding how breadth-oriented exploration mitigates biases in exploratory data analysis.
Cationic Alkynyl Heck Reaction Toward Substituted Allenes Using BobCat: A New Hybrid Pd(0)-Catalyst Incorporating a Water-Soluble Dba Ligand

The cationic alkynyl Heck reaction between aryl triflates and alkynes to give substituted allenes is described. Key to the success of this method was the discovery and development of a new hybrid Pd(0)-catalyst, BobCat, that incorporates a water-soluble dba-ligand and biaryl phosphine ligand to provide substituted allenes in good yields under mild reaction conditions.
Plotting Likelihood-Ratio-Based Confidence Regions for Two-Parameter Univariate Probability Models

Plotting two-parameter confidence regions is nontrivial. Numerical methods often rely on a computationally expensive grid-like exploration of the parameter space. A recent advance reduces the two-d...
Recent advances in understanding phosphoinositide signaling in the nervous system

Polyphosphoinositides (PPIn) are essential signaling phospholipids that make remarkable contributions to the identity of all cellular membranes and signaling cascades in mammalian cells. They exert regulatory control over membrane homeostasis via selective interactions with cellular proteins at the membrane–cytoplasm interface. This review article briefly summarizes our current understanding of the key roles that PPIn play in orchestrating and regulating crucial electrical and chemical signaling events in mammalian neurons and the significant neuro-pathophysiological conditions that arise following alterations in their metabolism.
Emergency Nursing Policy and Hypertension Awareness: an Integrative Review of the Literature

This study aims to systematically examine the literature on nursing policy and hypertension (HTN) awareness in the emergency department (ED). The electronic databases searched included Pubmed, OVID, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Studies were limited by adult, English language, and peer-reviewed articles published in the USA between the years 2015 and 2018. Our literature search allowed for quantitative and qualitative studies with a focus on nursing policy and adult patients treated in the ED who have HTN or elevated BP. Eight quantitative studies were retained for review and appraisal, and were rated to be of moderate quality evidence. Findings were summarized under three themes: BP reassessment, referral, and practice. The role of ED nurses in the screening and referral of this patient population remains largely uncharacterized. More robust trials are critically needed to improve practice and outcomes for patients with uncontrolled HTN. Clinical trials are needed to examine the efficacy of ED-based interventions on BP control, using multi-disciplinary samples of ED clinicians.
On Facilitating Creative Writing Groups and a Players’ Workshop for Elderly Residents: A Meditative Essay as Poem

Focusing upon the movement of the creative spirit and the impact of listening in the collaborative oral composition process for elderly residents, the essay draws some conclusions about the relationship between poetry, innocence, and healing.
Wearable Technology: Meeting the Needs of Individuals with Disabilities and Its Applications to Education

Wearable technology offers opportunities for individuals with disabilities to engage with their environment with greater success and to be included in learning opportunities to a greater degree. “Wearables” mean digital devices and/or computers that can be worn and used in the real world (Borthwick, J Digit Learn Teach Educ 31(3):85–92, 2015). Some wearable technology that works for individuals with disabilities is worn on the body as an accessory, such as a Fitbit. Other wearables for individuals with disabilities involve smart clothing or clothing interwoven with sensors that can help maintain health and help the individual with disabilities be more successful in their environment. Some individuals with disabilities even have wearables with microprocessors that directly attach to the body. These wearables can play an important role in the classroom that is following the principles of universal design for learning to enhance the learning of students with disabilities. The chapter outlines wearables for disabilities and finishes with two case studies of students with disabilities who are recommended wearables to help their success in the classroom.