cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
New or presumed new left bundle branch block in patients with suspected ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Aims:Using a comprehensive large prospective regional ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) system database, we evaluated the prevalence, clinical and angiographic characteristics, and outcome...
Mechanisms of DC conduction in smart PMN–PT/paint nanocomposite films

Understanding conduction mechanisms in dielectric films are critical to their successful applications in devices. DC conduction mechanisms in lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (0.67Pb (Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3)/Paint nanocomposite (PMN–PT/Paint) films are presented and discussed. The conventional cost-effective paint brushing technique was utilized to fabricate PMN–PT/paint nanocomposite films on copper substrate. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been recognized as one of the most powerful techniques for the analysis of surface morphologies because it creates 3D images at angstrom and nano scale. It has been exhaustively utilized in the analysis of dispersion of nano-metric components in nanocomposites and polymer blends. Thus, AFM analysis is applied in the present work for the surface morphological and dispersion of nanoparticles investigations in paint-based nanocomposites at different loading of PMN–PT nanoparticles. It is found that the PMN–PT nanoparticles are dispersed uniformly inside the paint matrix. The spatial distribution of PMN–PT in PMN–PT/Paint films is denser with higher PMN–PT content sample. A metal–insulator–metal capacitor was fabricated and the leakage current across was measured with varying voltage and temperature. The governing conduction mechanisms were examined and depicted. The activation energy of nanocomposite films fabricated with 2.5 and 8.98 wt% PMN–PT nanoparticles in the paint mixture are found to be 1.08 and 1.24 eV, respectively. The DC activation energy for former was found to be slightly lower then later and follow the Arrhenius relationship. Thus, showing the conduction was electronic and thermally activated.
Lessons learned from surface wipe sampling for lead in three workplaces

ABSTRACTSurface wipe sampling in the occupational environment is a technique widely used by industrial hygienists. Although several organizations have promulgated standards for sampling lead and other metals, uncertainty still exists when trying to determine an appropriate wipe sampling strategy and how to interpret sampling results. Investigators from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Health Hazard Evaluation Program have used surface wipe sampling as part of their exposure assessment sampling strategies in a wide range of workplaces. This article discusses wipe sampling for measuring lead on surfaces in three facilities: (1) a battery recycling facility; (2) a firing range and gun store; and (3) an electronic scrap recycling facility. We summarize our findings from the facilities and what we learned by integrating wipe sampling into our sampling plan. Wiping sampling demonstrated lead in non-production surfaces in all three workplaces and that the potential that employees...
Investigating the impact of automated feedback on students’ scientific argumentation

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the role of automated scoring and feedback in supporting students’ construction of written scientific arguments while learning about factors that affect climate change in the classroom. The automated scoring and feedback technology was integrated into an online module. Students’ written scientific argumentation occurred when they responded to structured argumentation prompts. After submitting the open-ended responses, students received scores generated by a scoring engine and written feedback associated with the scores in real-time. Using the log data that recorded argumentation scores as well as argument submission and revisions activities, we answer three research questions. First, how students behaved after receiving the feedback; second, whether and how students’ revisions improved their argumentation scores; and third, did item difficulties shift with the availability of the automated feedback. Results showed that the majority of students (77%) made revisions after rec...
Organocatalytic, Dioxirane-Mediated C–H Hydroxylation under Mild Conditions Using Oxone

Dioxiranes are among the most selective and useful reagents for C(sp3)–H hydroxylation, but the development of a general dioxirane-mediated catalytic method has been an elusive goal. A trifluoromethyl ketone catalyst in combination with Oxone is shown to enable the first dioxirane-mediated catalytic hydroxylations that approximate the reactivity and selectivity of isolated dioxiranes. The mild reaction conditions allow for selective 3° hydroxylation and 2° oxidation and are tolerant of acid-sensitive functionality and electron-neutral arenes.
Random Spherically Constrained Single-Particle (RSC) Method to Study Voltage-Gated Ion Channels.

To study membrane protein structures using cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM), membrane proteins are usually extracted from cell membranes and solubilized in detergents. To restore the lipid bilayer environment of membrane proteins, a method called "random spherically constrained" (RSC) single-particle cryo-EM has been developed. The RSC platform establishes the lipid environment for membrane proteins and makes it possible, for the first time, to apply the desired transmembrane potential to trap voltage-gated ion channels in the desired functional states (e.g., deactivated voltage sensor at -120 mV) for structural analysis. No rupture or leakage was observed during the establishment of the transmembrane potential. The spherical geometry of liposomes is used as a constraint to accurately determine the orientation of the inserted membrane protein.
Preoperative Embolization of Skull Base Meningiomas: Outcomes in the Onyx Era.

Objective Preoperative embolization may facilitate skull base meningioma resection, but its safety and efficacy in the Onyx era have not been investigated. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the outcomes of preoperative embolization of skull base meningiomas using Onyx as the primary embolysate. Methods We queried an endovascular database for patients with skull base meningiomas who underwent preoperative embolization at our institution in 2007–2017. Patient, tumor, procedure, and outcome data were analyzed. Results Twenty-eight patients (28 meningiomas) underwent successful preoperative meningioma embolization. The mean patient age ± SD was 56 ± 13 years, and 18 patients (64%) were women. The mean tumor size was 49 cm3. There were 1, 2, or 3 arterial pedicles embolized in 21 cases (75%), 6 cases (21%), and 1 case (4%), respectively. The embolized pedicles included branches of the middle meningeal artery in 19 cases (68%), the internal maxillary artery in 8 cases (29%), the ascending pharyngeal artery in 2 cases (7%), and the posterior auricular, ophthalmic, occipital, and anterior cerebral arteries in 1 case each (4%). The embolysates used were Onyx alone in 20 cases (71%), n-butyl cyanoacrylate alone in 3 cases (11%), coils/particles and Onyx/n-butyl cyanoacrylate in 2 cases each (7%), and Onyx and coils in 1 case (4%). The median degree of tumor devascularization was 60%. Significant neurologic morbidity occurred in 1 patient (4%) who developed symptomatic peritumoral edema after Onyx embolization. Conclusions For appropriately selected skull base meningiomas supplied by dura mater–based arterial pedicles without distal cranial nerve supply, preoperative embolization with current embolysate technology affords substantial tumor devascularization with a low complication rate.
“Imparcialidad y verdad”: el surgimiento de la historiografía chilena

La configuracion del campo historico en Chile obedece a necesidades tanto practicas como politicas. Por una parte, establecer los hitos fundamentales del pasado para un mejor conocimiento del pais en sus dimensiones geografica, natural, civil y politica. Por otra parte, incentivar la investigacion historica profesional a partir de criterios academicos establecidos por la Universidad de Chile. El cumplimiento de ambos objetivos genero una rica polemica en la decada de 1840, que proporciono la base de la tradicion historiografica chilena. Esta se caracterizo por una dicotomia dinamica entre el compromiso por la investigacion historica basada en hechos establecidos como tales a partir de documentos validos y un proposito mas amplio de influir en el cambio politico y cultural del pais. Los criterios de “imparcialidad” y “verdad” prevalecieron en cuanto a la determinacion de los hechos, pero los historiadores siguieron motivados por sus preferencias politicas o personales en la seleccion de temas historicos relevantes
Procedure for evaluation of neutralizing antibody to cytomegalovirus in commercial intravenous gamma globulin preparations.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common pathogen complicating the course of renal transplant recipients, as well as the course of bone marrow, cardiac and liver transplant recipients (1, 2, 3, 4). In organ transplant patients, CMV is the single most important infection manifesting as either a subclinical infection or a potentially life-threatening disease. The incidence of symptomatic CMV infection in the transplant population is high, 60–90%, compared to immunosuppressed non-transplant patients, 42–66% (2).
A Decade of High Temperature Superconducting Materials

The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity (HTSy) a decade ago has been hailed as one of the most exciting advancements in modern physics in decades. In the decade-long search for high-temperature superconducting (HTSg) materials, more than 100 non-intermetallic compounds have been found to display a transition temperature (Tc) above 23 K, the record prior to HTSy. They have raised the Tc to 134 K at ambient and 164 K at high pressure, yielding important insight into the occurrence of HTSy and brightening the prospects for applications. In this presentation, I shall briefly summarize the discoveries of several compound systems that have successfully led to a higher Tc. The most recent system of Ba-Ca-Cu-O with a Tc up to 126 K will also be included, followed by an assessment of future HTSg material research.
Faculty Discourse on University Rankings: Links to Neoliberalism and Consequent Practices

The purpose of this paper was to consider how faculty members, a group core to the higher education field, construct rankings as a valuable system. Drawing from post-structuralism and post-modernism and using critical discourse analysis, we argue that faculty members in our study constructed rankings as a way to organize the higher education field. Faculty comments on rankings and striving suggested that excellence or quality could be achieved, measured, replicated, and then made into a competition. Yet, a few faculty members issued critiques about the rankings and articulated serious questions about the fairness of the rankings. Overall, we argue that when we, faculty, as actors in the field of higher education, power up rankings and striving as normative systems, as games that we must play, we marginalize multiple instances of excellence as they unfold across the diverse higher education field. Implications towards praxis are discussed.
On Quantizing Semisimple Basic Algebras, I: sl(2, R)

We show that there is a consistent polynomial quantization of the coordinate ring of a basic nilpotent coadjoint orbit of a semisimple Lie group. We also show, at least in the case of a nilpotent orbit in sl(2, R)*, that any such quantization is essentially trivial. Furthermore, we prove that there is no consistent polynomial quantization of the coordinate ring of a basic semisimple orbit in sl(2, R)*.
Suppression of site IQ electron leak attenuates lung epithelial cell proliferation

Hyperoxia contributes to the development of acute lung injury in neonates and adults. Hyperoxia enhances cellular oxidative stress, yet mitochondrially derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are poorly defined. Mitochondrial superoxide (O2•–) is produced as a consequence of electron leak during the reduction of molecular oxygen by oxidative phosphorylation. The primary sites electron leak include complex I (IQ) and III (IIIQo). Suppressors of site IQ electron leak (S1QEL) and site IIIQo electron leak (S3QEL) decrease O2•– production without affecting oxidative phosphorylation. These studies tested the hypothesis that S1QEL and S3QEL will attenuate the effects of hyperoxia on cell proliferation. Murine airway epithelial cells (mtCC) were cultured in room air (21% O2; RA) or hyperoxia (85% O2; HO) for 24 hours in the presence or absence of DMSO, 1 µM S1QEL or 1 µM S3QEL. Cell numbers were determined by Bio-Rad TC20 cell counter and cell viability assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Data (n=3) were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc analyses. Our data indicated independent effects of hyperoxia and S1QEL on total cell number. Hyperoxic exposure decreased cell numbers by 57% vs RA exposed cells (p=0.003). In RA exposed cells, S1QEL treatment decreased cell numbers by 52% (p=0.006). There were no differences between DMSO and S1QEL-treated HO-exposed groups. There was no effect of S3QEL on cell numbers. There were no independent effects of hyperoxia, S1QEL, or S3QEL on viable cell numbers. Hyperoxic exposure decreased mtCC numbers. Though neither compound prevented hyperoxia-induced decreases in mtCC numbers, S1QEL treatment decreased mtCC numbers but not viability in RA. Given the lack of a comparable effect of S3QEL, we interpret these novel data to indicate that complex I derived O2•- contributes to mtCC proliferation. This unique contribution of mitochondrially derived oxidants toward lung epithelial proliferation has not been reported.
ANALYSIS OF THE GEOTROPIC ORIENTATION OF YOUNG RATS. III : PART 2.

Extension of analysis of the functional basis of geotropic excitation and response in young rats has made it desirable to obtain, for additional genetically stabilized lines, further tests of the quantitative reproducibility of orientation data as secured from successive generations in these lines over a period of several years; and of the measures of variation of performance as these are related to the exciting vector and to the extent of orientation. Procedures are illustrated whereby the significance of measurements can be checked automatically. It is shown that differences apparent in the geotropic behavior of three inbred lines of R. norvegicus are quantitatively recoverable over a period of nine generations. The constant, characteristic features for each inbred line concern: the extent of upward orientation, absolutely and as a function of the inclination of the substratum; the threshold slope for orientation; the dispersion of mean orientation-angles as governed by the slope of substratum; the dependence of the dispersion of the relative variation of observed orientation-angles upon the intensity of excitation; and the proportion of the total variation of response which is modifiable as a function of the slope of surface. It is also shown that when for two lines of rats the curves connecting orientation-angle with inclination of substratum differ in position and in details of form, the curves none-the-less undergo distortions of homologous type when rats of these lines creep geotropically with the same additional load in the form of a mass attached at a corresponding position on the back; and that shifting this mass to another position induces a quite different modification of the curve. These effects are discussed in terms of the view that orientation during geotropic creeping is controlled by the adjustment of sensorially equivalent tension-excitation in the legs of the two sides of the body, and that the frequency distributions of thresholds for excitation within the several groups of receptor units concerned differ quantitatively among the inbred stocks, but are statistically constant within each line.
Learning to discriminate new timbres

Abstract The present study explored whether timbre discrimination could be honed through perceptual exposure training. A timbre continuum that blended the timbres of an oboe and a trumpet was constructed to produce novel timbres to which participants had no previous exposure. Participants' baseline sensitivity (d’) in discriminating tones comprising these novel timbres were compared to their sensitivity after training. In Experiments 1 and 2, training involved exposure to a tone discrimination task, with some participants getting feedback about the accuracy of their responses and other participants getting no feedback. Although there was no improvement with initially sub-threshold timbral variation regardless of whether there was feedback or not after each exposure, exposure with feedback did improve discrimination with initially above-threshold timbral variation. Experiment 3 showed that this improved timbre discrimination via exposure with feedback also helped segregate a melody from a set of jumbled tones, and, moreover, generalized to the segregation of a new melody played in the trained timbre. The results are discussed within the framework of perceptual learning.
Gleason pattern 4 with cribriform morphology on biopsy is associated with adverse clinicopathological findings in a prospective radical prostatectomy cohort.

Summary The prognostic significance of the Gleason grading system has been well established. However, individual Gleason patterns comprise heterogeneous morphologies which might add additional prognostic information. Recent evidence suggests that Gleason pattern 4 with cribriform growth pattern is associated with an adverse prognosis. To determine the association between cribriform pattern on biopsies and pathological findings on subsequent prostatectomies, we evaluated the presence of cribriform architecture in a prospective cohort of 367 men from 2014 to 2018 treated at a single institution. Cribriform architecture was present in 63.5% of all biopsies and was correlated with the overall extent of Gleason pattern 4. In addition, cribriform morphology on biopsy showed a statistically significant association with higher Gleason grade and increased pathological stage and nodal metastasis. In a subset analysis of cases with Grade Group 2 (Gleason score 3 + 4, n = 208), these associations did not reach statistical significance, but the presence of cribriform growth in this subgroup showed a trend toward increased upgrading to Grade Group 5 (Gleason score 9/10) (1 [0.5%] vs. 5 [2.4%], P = 0.06). This large prospective study comparing biopsy and prostatectomy finding of cribriform architecture demonstrates that cribriform pattern 4 is associated with adverse prognostic features and highlights the relevance for recognizing specific morphologies with distinct biological and clinical features.
Assessment of Mycophenolic Acid Levels on Biopsy Proven Rejection and Adverse Effects in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients

Purpose Therapeutic ranges of Mycophenolic Acid (MPA) concentrations have not been established in pediatric heart transplant recipients. There are limited data supporting are under the concentration-time curve (AUC) in adult heart transplant on outcomes such as rejection, but AUC monitoring may be not be feasible in clinical practice. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the relationship between mycophenolic acid (MPA) trough levels and incidence of biopsy proven rejection and adverse effects in pediatric heart transplant patients. Methods A single-center retrospective chart review was performed on patients receiving heart transplant between Jan 2011 and Dec 2015. Patients included for analysis were ≤18 years at transplant and received maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and a corticosteroid. Endomyocardial biopsy grades up to one-year post transplant and simultaneous MPA levels were recorded. Patients with acute cellular rejection scores of 2R or 3R or immunopathologic evidence of antibody mediated rejection were considered as biopsy proven acute rejection (BPAR). Leukopenia, gastrointestinal side effects, and mycophenolate dose decreases were also recorded. Results A total of 47 patients were included in the final analysis. There were no significant differences in baseline demographics between patients who had BPAR and those who did not. Overall 24% of patients had at least 1 incidence of BPAR after heart transplant. The mean MPA trough levels between the group of patients with rejection (2.4 ug/mL +/- 1.62) and those without rejection (2.46 ug/mL +/- 1.74) was not significantly different (p=0.38). Mean MPA trough levels also were also not consistent when examining rejection by time from transplant. Only examining by individual MPA trough levels on biopsy days did we observe a significantly lower MPA trough 1.6 ug/mL +/- 1.05 in those with rejection versus those without 2.5 ug/mL +/- 1.69 (p=0.02). The mean MPA level associated with a dose decrease due to an adverse effect between these two groups was not significant. Conclusion MPA trough levels may have a relationship with incidence of biopsy proven rejection or with incidence of adverse events within one-year post transplant in this population. Controlled prospective studies with are warranted to further evaluate this potential relationship.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Is an Independent Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Children in the Emergency Department with Suspected Sepsis.

Objective To evaluate the impact of early disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) on illness severity in children using a database of emergency department ED encounters for children with suspected sepsis, in view of similar associations in adults. Study design Laboratory and clinical data were extracted from a registry of emergency department encounters of children with suspected sepsis between April 1, 2012, and June 26, 2017. International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis DIC scores were calculated from laboratory values obtained within 24 hours of emergency department admission. Univariate logistic regression, multivariable logistic regression, and Cox regression were used to assess the influence of DIC scores on vasopressor use (primary outcome), mortality, ventilator requirement, pediatric intensive care unit admission, and hospital duration (secondary outcomes). The optimal DIC score cutoff for outcome prediction was determined. Results Of 1653 eligible patients, 284 had DIC scores within 24 hours, including 92 who required vasopressors and 23 who died within 1 year. An initial DIC score of ≥3 was the most sensitive and specific DIC score for predicting adverse outcomes. Those with a DIC score of ≥3 vs Conclusions A DIC score of ≥3 was an independent predictor for both vasopressor use and mortality in this pediatric cohort, distinct from the adult overt DIC score cutoff of ≥5.
3D printing modality: A review from industrial customer

3D printing technology has been considered disruptive solution for next generation manufacturing. We will review various modality of this process from laser DMLM, E-beam, Binder-jet to high speed Light DMLS. Comparison of different technologies with pros and cons will be discussed based on actual industrial application. Future needs in part quality and throughput/productivity will play a critical role to drive the direction of next gen 3D printing technology.
The Equal Rights Amendment, Then and Now

One hundred years in the making, the Equal Rights Amendment is the only proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution that has met the requirements of Article V of the Constitution but has not been added to the Constitution due to a congressionally imposed ratification deadline. The Amendment guarantees that “[e]quality of rights shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex,” like gender equality guarantees in most constitutions around the world. This Essay exposes the unique trajectory of the Equal Rights Amendment to shed light on the process of feminist constitutional change and the evolution of substantive feminist legal aspirations. The revival of the ERA ratification process, decades after Congress’s deadlines, has generated transgenerational public meanings for a new body of gender equality law and public policy.
Endorsements as Voting Cues: Heuristic and Systematic Processing in Initiative Elections.

This project explores how organizational endorsements influence voter attitudes during initiative elections. Building on the heuristic-systematic model (Chaiken, 1980; Chen & Chaiken, 1999), we propose that voters use organizational endorsements as heuristic cues to help them develop their attitudes toward initiatives. It is hypothesized that the influence of endorsements on initiative voting depends on the applicability, availability, and diagnosticity of the endorsement voting cue and on the degree to which the voter is motivated to fully evaluate the arguments behind the initiative. An experiment was conducted in which motivation (processing goal instructions), cue applicability (match between endorsing organization and initiative), and initiative (four different hypothetical ballot issues) were manipulated. Results showed support for our first two hypotheses, but not for the third.
The Pregnant Trauma Patient

Traumatic injury is a leading cause of non-obstetric maternal mortality and cause of fetal demise. Imaging has evolved to play a pivotal role in management of the pregnant trauma patient. In general, a modality that does not use ionizing radiation is preferred for the initial imaging examination. However, inherent limitations of these examinations and the need for prompt diagnosis make computerized tomography the highest yield examination in many cases.
The Political Economy of Comparable Worth: The Iowa Case 1983-1987

Comparable worth pay plans have been inplemented in several states since the early 1980's. We examine the case of comparable worth in Iowa, as proposed in 1984 and as actually implemented (in compromise form) in 1985 and as adjusted as a result of the appeals process in 1987, In particular, we identify the relative winners and losers from comparable worth by analyzing the impact on earnings for males, females, minorities, unionized ^ployees and particular occupational groups such as supervisors and professionals. In addition, we are able to determine whether the relationships between the State pay structure and variables such as market wages, educational attainment, and work experience are altered by the plans.
Motion-Reducing Device under Seismic Excitation

It is well known that the vibration level of a synchronous machine or device subjected to a steady state sinusoidal excitation can be reduced by the attachment of an undamped vibration absorber. In the present study, a nonstationary stochastic process is used as the excitation. The results indicate that in a statistical sense, the absorber system may be considerably more effective than was suggested by previous studies.
Increasing Sales Productivity by Getting Salespeople To Work Smarter

Recent research indicates that sales productivity can be substantially improved if salespeople place more emphasis on an aspect of working smarter, i.e., practice adaptive selling. This paper suggests ten approaches that sales managers can use to improve sales performance by encouraging and assisting their salespeople to practice adaptive selling.
An analytical power estimation model for crossbar interconnects

Low power optimizations have become an integral part of designing computing systems. One important part of low power design is accurate and efficient power estimation during the design phase in order to meet the power specifications without a costly redesign process. Power estimation refers to the process of determining, with a high level of confidence, the power consumed by a circuit/component. A lot of work has been done to come up with power estimation tools for different components of computing systems. In this work, we look at modeling one such component, the crossbar interconnect.
MBE-grown Mn-doped SnSe 2 2D films on GaAs (111)B substrates

Intensive research is currently being aimed at understanding both the growth and the physical properties of a wide range of two-dimensional (2D) materials [1], since this class of materials is expected to lead to entirely new types of devices on the nanoscale. Additionally, the introduction of magnetic dopants into a 2D lattice can bring out new functionalities, providing new opportunities for spintronic applications. In this work we explore this area by introducing Mn ions into the 2D lattice of SnSe 2 . The growth of Mn-doped SnSe 2 films was carried out by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on GaAs (111)B substrates by varying the flux of Mn during the growth. Rigorous characterization of the physical properties of this material was carried out by a wide range of complementary studies, including RHEED, XRD, electric-transport and Raman spectroscopy.
WHAT ARE WE TEACHING ABOUT VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

(2004). WHAT ARE WE TEACHING ABOUT VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN? Journal of Pastoral Theology: Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 48-69.
Analysis of TMEFF2 allografts and transgenic mouse models reveals roles in prostate regeneration and cancer.

BACKGROUND Previous results from our lab indicate a tumor suppressor role for the transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) in prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we further characterize this role and uncover new functions for TMEFF2 in cancer and adult prostate regeneration. METHODS The role of TMEFF2 was examined in PCa cells using MatrigelTM cultures and allograft models of PCa cells. In addition, we developed a transgenic mouse model that expresses TMEFF2 from a prostate specific promoter. Anatomical, histological, and metabolic characterizations of the transgenic mouse prostate were conducted. The effect of TMEFF2 in prostate regeneration was studied by analyzing branching morphogenesis in the TMEFF2-expressing mouse lobes and alterations in branching morphogenesis were correlated with the metabolomic profiles of the mouse lobes. The role of TMEFF2 in prostate tumorigenesis in whole animals was investigated by crossing the TMEFF2 transgenic mice with the TRAMP mouse model of PCa and analyzing the histopathological changes in the progeny. RESULTS Ectopic expression of TMEFF2 impairs growth of PCa cells in Matrigel or allograft models. Surprisingly, while TMEFF2 expression in the TRAMP mouse did not have a significant effect on the glandular prostate epithelial lesions, the double TRAMP/TMEFF2 transgenic mice displayed an increased incidence of neuroendocrine type tumors. In addition, TMEFF2 promoted increased branching specifically in the dorsal lobe of the prostate suggesting a potential role in developmental processes. These results correlated with data indicating an alteration in the metabolic profile of the dorsal lobe of the transgenic TMEFF2 mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results confirm the tumor suppressor role of TMEFF2 and suggest that ectopic expression of TMEFF2 in mouse prostate leads to additional lobe-specific effects in prostate regeneration and tumorigenesis. This points to a complex and multifunctional role for TMEFF2 during PCa progression. Prostate 9999: XX–XX, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multiple coronary thromboses in previously normal coronary arteries treated with streptokinase

A patient is presented with normal coronary arteries in whom total occlusions in three branches of two epicardial coronary arteries developed in association with chest pain and electrocardiographic evidence of transmural ischemia. A combination treatment strategy addressing both coronary vasoconstriction and thrombosis is illustrated.
A Comparison of the Properties of Various Fused-Ring Quinones and Their Radical Anions Using Hartree-Fock and Hybrid Hartree-Fock/Density Functional Methods

The hybrid Hartree−Fock/density functional B3LYP has been used to predict a variety of properties of 1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, and 9,10-anthr...
Structure of binary neodymium borate glasses by infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Using fast roller quenching techniques, a new series of binary rare earth oxide borate glasses were synthesized, with general formula x Nd 2 O 3 + (1 − x )B 2 O 3 , where x varies up to 35 mol%. The glasses were investigated by using mid infrared reflectance spectroscopy. The results show that the neodymium acts as a modifier, similar to an alkali metal. As x is increased, the borate glass network is shown to change from a three-coordinated to four-coordinated boron system. The results are further investigated by analyzing the spectra in terms of the location of the bands to show how the borate groups change upon neodymium addition.
Phase dynamics for spiraling Taylor vortices.

We discuss the long-wavelength, low-frequency excitations of non- equilibrium systems with a helical structure as observed in spiral vortex flow in the Taylor instability in long cylinders. We find that a single-phase equation can give rise to a propagating mode, a situation unknown from hydrodynamics in local thermodynamic equilibrium.
Half-order derivative formulation for the analysis of laser-generated Rayleigh waves

Abstract Rayleigh waves radiated by a point source can be described in a very simple manner in terms of the half-order derivative of the source function. This formulation provides some valuable insight for the case of Rayleigh waves generated from line sources.
Loss of 53BP1 Is a Gain for BRCA1 Mutant Cells

Mutations in BRCA1 predispose to tumorigenesis presumably from the inability to accurately repair DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. Two new papers shed light on how loss of the DNA damage response protein 53BP1 reverses phenotypes of BRCA1 mutant cells, with potential clinical implications.
A GTP-dependent “Push” Is Generally Required for Efficient Protein Translocation across the Mitochondrial Inner Membrane into the Matrix

Abstract Mitochondrial biogenesis requires translocation of numerous preproteins across both outer and inner membranes into the matrix of the organelle. This translocation process requires a membrane potential (ΔΨ) and ATP. We have recently demonstrated that the efficient import of a urea-denatured preprotein into the matrix requires GTP hydrolysis (Sepuri, N. B. V., Schulke, N., and Pain, D. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1420–1424). We now demonstrate that GTP is generally required for efficient import of various preproteins, both native and urea-denatured. The GTP participation is localized to a particular stage in the protein import process. In the presence of ΔΨ but no added nucleoside triphosphates, the transmembrane movement of preproteins proceeds only to a point early in their translocation across the inner membrane. The completion of translocation into the matrix is independent of ΔΨ but is dependent on a GTP-mediated “push.” This push is likely mediated by a membrane-bound GTPase on the cis side of the inner membrane. This conclusion is based on two observations: (i) GTP does not readily cross the inner membrane barrier and hence, primarily acts outside the inner membrane to stimulate import, and (ii) the GTP-dependent stage of import does not require soluble constituents of the intermembrane space and can be observed in isolated mitoplasts. Efficient import into the matrix, however, is achieved only through the coordinated action of a cisGTP-dependent push and a transATP-dependent “pull.”
Is cholinergic sensitivity a genetic marker for the affective disorders

The recent literature on the involvement of cholinergic muscarinic mechanisms and adrenergic/cholinergic balance in affective disorders is reviewed and integrated with the older literature. There is strong evidence supporting the presence of exaggerated responses (behavioral, neuroendocrine, sleep) to cholinergic agents in affective disorder patients relative to normal controls and certain other psychiatric patients. There is also some, albeit less, conclusive evidence that these exaggerated responses may occur in euthymic individuals with a history of affective disorders, or in children at risk for development of affective disorders. Despite these promising results, suggesting a role for acetylcholine in the genetics of the affective disorders, further work in biochemistry and genetics is needed to link specific muscarinic receptors or other cholinergic variables to affective illness.
On the genus of the semidirect product of ℤ9 by ℤ3

We show that the non-commutative semidirect product Γ of ℤ9 by ℤ3 has orientable genus 4. In other words, some Cayley graph of Γ embeds in an orientable surface of genus 4 (Euler characteristic −6), but no Cayley graph of Γ embeds in an orientable surface of genus less than 4 (Euler characteristic greater than −6). We also show that some Cayley graph of Γ embeds in a (non-orientable) surface of Euler characteristic −3, but no Cayley graph of Γ embeds in a surface of Euler characteristic greater than −3. Γ is the first known example of a group whose orientable Euler characteristic and non-orientable Euler characteristic differ by more than 1. Our results also complete the determination of the orientable genus of each group of order less than 32.
Viscosities and densities of methane-propane mixtures at low temperatures and high pressures

The viscosities and densities of methane-propane mixtures were determined at pressures to 5,000 lb./sq.in.abs. for 22.1 and 50.0 mole % methane over a temperature range from −120 to 37.78°C. and for 75.3 mole % methane over a temperature range from −150° to 37.78°C. Reproducibility of the viscosity data was ± 2%, and the agreement with literature values was, on the average, within ± 2%. The reproducibility of the density data was ± 0.8%, and the agreement with literature values was ± 1.2%.
Ketosis-Prone Type 2 Diabetes: Effect of Hyperglycemia on β-Cell Function and Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the underlying mechanism for the severe and transient β-cell dysfunction and impaired insulin action in obese African American patients with ketosis-prone diabetes. Methods The effect of sustained hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity) and increased free fatty acids (lipotoxicity) on β-cell function was assessed by changes in insulin secretion during a 20-hour glucose (200 mg/m2 per minute) and a 48-hour Intralipid (40 mL/h) infusion, respectively. Insulin-activated signaling pathways and pattern of Akt-1 and Akt-2 expression and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation were analyzed in skeletal muscle biopsy specimens. Studies were performed in an obese African American woman within 48 hours after resolution of diabetic ketoacidosis and 1 week after discontinuation of insulin treatment. Results Dextrose infusion rapidly increased C-pep-tide levels from a baseline of 3.2 ng/mL to a mean of 7.1 ± 0.5 ng/mL during the first 8 hours of infusion; thereafter, C-peptide levels progressively declined. Lipid infusion was not associated with any deleterious effect on insulin and C-peptide secretion. Initial in vitro stimulation of muscle tissue with insulin resulted in a substantial and selectively decreased Akt-2 expression and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation on the serine residue. Improved metabolic control resulted in 70% greater Akt expression at near-normoglycemic remission in comparison with the period of hyperglycemia. Conclusion Hyperglycemia, but not increased free fatty acid levels, led to progressive β-cell dysfunction and impaired insulin secretion. Hyperglycemia was also associated with diminished skeletal muscle Akt expression and phosphorylation in an African American woman with ketosis-prone diabetes, and this defect improved notably with aggressive insulin therapy. These results indicate the importance of glucose toxicity in the pathogenesis of keto-sis-prone diabetes in obese African American patients. (Endocr Pract. 2007;13:283-290)
SU-E-T-475: Nano-Dosimetric Track Structure Scoring including Biological Modeling with TOPAS-NBio.

Purpose: To develop a nano‐dosimetric Monte Carlo simulation package, TOPAS‐nBio, based on the TOPAS (TOol for PArticle Simulations) framework that is being developed in a collaboration between the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the University of California, San Francisco. The goal is to incorporate biological processes on a sub‐cell level that will provide the basis for a wide range of research in the field of radiobiology, such as bystander effects, biological dose calculations and effects of nano‐particles on radiation therapy.Methods: The TOPAS framework has been utilized to extend the functionality of this tool for particle transport to include nano‐ dosimetry. The physics lists of TOPAS have been extended to include efforts by the Geant4‐DNA group to model physics on nanometer scales, including chemical processes of the first millisecond after irradiation. TOPAS‐nBio uses the functionality of TOPAS to score energy depositions on nanometer scales. A simulation of the setup of a cell culture irradiation experiment has been used as to test the feasibility of the project. Results: Track structures for an irradiation of a cell culture experiment were successfully obtained. Delta‐electron distributions have been produced and single track delta electrons and their energy depositions were observed. Conclusions: This study is a first step in the development of TOPAS‐nBio, a tool that aims at bringing nanometer scale radiation physics and biology together and make Monte Carlo simulations accessible for all radiobiology researchers. The results presented here show a first proof of concept for the development of TOPAS‐nBio.
Longitudinal trends in hospital admissions with co-occurring alcohol/drug diagnoses, 1994–2002

Abstract In this observational study, longitudinal trends (1994–2002) in hospital admissions with co-occurring alcohol/drug abuse and addiction (ADAA; N = 43,073) were examined to determine prevalence and hospital costs by payer group and type of drug used. Four primary drug types were reported: 49% used a combination of two or more drugs, 25% used alcohol only, 11.8% used opioids only, and 6.5% used cocaine only. Costs of admissions increased significantly for those using two or more drugs (119%, from US$12.7 to US$27.8 million), alcohol (120%, from US$9 to US$19.8 million), and opioids (482%, from US$1.7 to US$9.9 million). Medicaid/Medicare represented 70% of the overall number of admissions and also paid 70% of hospital costs. Among Medicaid/Medicare and uninsured admissions, illicit drug use was more common, whereas among private payer admissions, alcohol abuse was more common. Hospital admissions with co-occurring ADAA must be considered when estimating the scope of ADAA and its financial burden.
A stability problem with nonstationary overlapping generations equilibria

Abstract An overlapping generations equilibrium, like any equilibrium, may be disturbed by an unanticipated change in the economic environment, for example, a change in preferences. If the equilibrium is nonstationary, however, the change may occur in a region of the commodity space which the equilibrium allocation path will not enter until several periods into the future. Nonetheless, because of the intertemporal equilibrium conditions, the environmental change may require an adjustment in present prices and allocations. Since the present equilibrium allocation is not in the region where preferences have changed, the need for the present price and allocation adjustment will not be signaled to the market until too late.
Regulatory T cells in virus infections.

Summary: This review discusses situations when the magnitude and function of immune responses to virus infection are influenced by regulatory T cells (Tregs). The focus is on CD4+CD25+ forkhead box protein 3+ natural Tregs (nTregs). The immune response may be limited in magnitude and efficacy when animals with normal nTreg function are infected with virus. This limitation can be observed both in vitro and in vivo. In the case of herpes simplex virus (HSV), animals depleted of nTregs prior to infection more effectively control the virus. With some virus infections, Treg responses (either nTregs or interleukin-10-dependent adaptive Tregs) appear to contribute to immune dysfunction, accounting for viral persistence and chronic tissue damage. This may occur with hepatitis C virus and some retrovirus infections that include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Under other circumstances, the nTreg response is judged to be beneficial, as it may help limit the severity of tissue damage associated with an immunoinflammatory reaction to virus infection. Such a situation occurs in HSV-induced immunopathological lesions in the eye. With HIV, nTregs may help limit chronic immune activation that may precede collapse of the immune system. This review also discusses how virus infections become recognized by nTreg responses and how such responses might be manipulated to increase immunity or to limit virus-induced immunopathology.
Identification and preliminary validation of predictors of major bleeding in hospitalized patients starting anticoagulant therapy

Among 617 hospitalized patients who started long-term anticoagulant therapy, major bleeding developed before discharge in 28 (5 percent) and minor bleeding in another 38 (6 percent), with daily incidence rates of 0.4 and 0.5 percent, respectively. The most common site of bleeding was gastrointestinal, and one patient died from bleeding. Four independent risk factors for major in-hospital bleeding were identified and weighted using multivariate discriminant analysis in a randomly chosen group of 411 patients: co-morbid conditions other than the indication for anticoagulant therapy (specific signs of heart, liver, or kidney dysfunction, cancer, and severe anemia); the use of heparin to begin therapy in patients age 60 years or older; the intensity of therapy (measured by the maximal prothrombin time or partial thromboplastin time); and liver dysfunction that worsened during treatment. These findings were validated in an independent testing group of 206 patients; the risk factors identified 151 patients at low (1 percent) risk of major bleeding, 33 at moderate (6 percent) risk, and 22 at high (23 percent) risk. The accuracy and clinical impact of this prediction rule should be evaluated further in other hospitals.
Current-voltage characteristics of a new type of superconducting thin film bridge

Abstract Well defined critical current and current hysteresis are observed for a new type of superconducting bridge fabricated using a shadowing technique to vary the film thickness.
HAMILTONIAN INTEGRATORS FOR THE NONLINEAR SCHROEDINGER EQUATION

Hamiltonian integration schemes for the Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation are examined. The efficiency with respect to accuracy and integration time of an integrable scheme, a standard conservative scheme, and a symplectic method is compared.