cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Should Employment Application Fraud Affect Discrimination and Wrongful Discharge Lawsuits

Several U.S. Courts of Appeals have recently decided cases involving the impact of employment application fraud on discrimination and wrongful discharge suits. These cases are initiated by a terminated employee who sues his former employer claiming the termination was discriminatory or in some other way wrongful. What if it is discovered that the employee, during the employment application process, lied about his work or education history? Should this fraud impact the employee’s discrimination or wrongful discharge suit? Terminated employees have argued that they should still be compensated while employers have countered that the employee,because of his fraud, was never rightfully employed and is owed nothing. The U.S. Courts of Appeals, which are one rung below the Supreme Court, have produced conflicting decisions. This paper examines those conflicting decisions and makes recommendations as to how employers can reduce their potential liability from these suits.
Obligatory "expectations" of expressive timing induced by perception of musical structure.

Previous research has shown that, in a task requiring the detection of local deviations from mechanically precise timing in music, the relative detectability of deviations in different positions is closely related to the typical expressive timing pattern musicians produce when playing the music. This result suggests that listeners expect to hear music expressively timed and compensate for the absence of expressive timing. Three new detection experiments shed additional light on the nature of these timing expectations in musically trained listeners. Experiment 1 shows that repeated exposure to an atypically (but not unmusically) timed performance leaves listeners' timing expectations unaffected. Experiment 2 demonstrates that the expectations do not manifest themselves when listeners merely imagine the music in synchrony with a click track. Experiment 3, however, shows that the timing expectations are fully operational when the click track is superimposed on the music. These results reveal timing “expectations” to be an obligatory consequence of the ongoing auditory perception of musical structure.
Effectiveness of Financial Incentives for Off-Peak Deliveries to Restaurants in Manhattan, New York

The fundamental tenet of this paper is that moving deliveries by trucks to off-peak hours requires the implementation of comprehensive policies targeting the critical components of the supply-chain process. This is so because by far the most decisions concerning time of travel of commercial trucks in urban areas are either made by the receivers or made jointly by the receiver and the carrier. In this context, without receivers able and willing to accept off-peak deliveries, the ability of trucking companies to move out of normal hours is severely hampered. This paper analyzes the receptiveness of an important group of receivers, the restaurant sector in Manhattan, New York City, to policies aimed at fostering off-peak deliveries. This study focused on restaurants for several reasons. First, in-depth interviews with private-sector executives indicated that the restaurant sector could be a good candidate for off-peak deliveries. Second, and more important, the relatively high number of restaurants and drinking places in Manhattan (exceeding 6,500 establishments) generates an estimated minimum of 20,000 truck trips per day. These numbers suggest there would be a significant payoff if a significant portion of these truck trips were switched to the off-peak hours. The analyses are based on a small attitudinal survey used to evaluate the effectiveness of four different policies involving financial incentives to the restaurants accepting off-peak deliveries. Despite the small sample size, the key findings from these analyses are consistent with the estimates from behavioral models based on a larger data set. These preliminary results show that financial incentives may be effective in fostering off-peak deliveries.
MORPHOLOGICALLY SIMPLE ENIGMATIC FOSSILS FROM THE WHEELER FORMATION: A COMPARISON WITH DEFINITIVE ALGAL FOSSILS

Study of noncalcareous algal fossils is problematic due to their broadly defined taxonomy and lack of preserved features by which modern algae are classified. Four distinct morphologically simple, enigmatic fossils from the Wheeler Formation were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, and elemental mapping by electron microbeam techniques. These fossils have been interpreted as dissociated algal fragments, and accordingly, were compared to known algal fossils: Yuknessia simplex (green alga; Spence Shale), Marpolia spissa (cyanobacteria; Burgess Shale), and Margaretia dorus (green alga; Burgess and Wheeler formations). All fossils examined were composed of carbonaceous films, at least in part, but varied with respect to secondary mineral coatings: iron oxides were associated with the surfaces of all three algal species to some degree, and in addition, Margaretia dorus exhibited silicification. Fossils characterized by a thin, wispy, filamentous form (Linear Morphotype 2) display mineralogical and morphological similarities with Marpolia spissa, but lack the characteristic longitudinal striping of this species. Filamentous fossils with a coiled form were the only fossils found to contain chlorite. These fossils are interpreted to be fecal strings. Stubby, linear fossils (Linear Morphotype 1) that commonly have been interpreted as fragmented Yuknessia simplex exhibit neither the mineralogical nor the microtextural features of this algal fossil, making this interpretation unlikely. As with Linear Morphotype 1, fossils of Morania fragmenta lack secondary iron oxides and phyllosilicates. Accordingly, they are interpreted to have been composed of labile material that preserves only under inhospitable conditions such as sustained anoxia.
Identification of nucleus pulposus precursor cells and notochordal remnants in the mouse: Implications for disk degeneration and chordoma formation

A classically identified “notochordal” cell population in the nucleus pulposus is thought to regulate disk homeostasis. However, the embryonic origin of these cells has been under dispute for >60 years. Here we provide the first direct evidence that all cell types in the adult mouse nucleus pulposus are derived from the embryonic notochord. Additionally, rare isolated embryonic notochord cells remained in the vertebral column and resembled “notochordal remnants,” which in humans have been proposed to give rise to a rare type of late-onset cancer called chordoma. Previously, this cell type had not been identified in the mouse model system. The development and characterization of a mouse model that can be used to fate map nucleus pulposus precursor cells in any mutant background will be useful for uncovering the cellular and molecular mechanisms of disk degeneration. In addition, the identification of notochordal remnants in mice is the first step towards generating an in vivo model of chordoma. Developmental Dynamics 237:3953–3958, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Clinical and radiological findings in patients with gas forming renal abscess treated conservatively

ABSTRACTPurpose: Emphysematous pyelonephritis in diabetics is considered a potentially lethal infection. Mortality rates of patients treated conservatively approaches 80% in some series. These patients often present with signs of sepsis or septic shock. In contrast, gas forming renal abscess is rare, with patients presenting entirely differently from those with emphysematous pyelonephritis. To our knowledge this process has been previously described only in isolated case reports. We describe a series of 5 patients with this distinct process.Materials and Methods: We reviewed the clinical and radiological features of 5 patients with gas forming renal abscesses.Results: Each patient presented with diabetes mellitus with initial blood glucose ranging from 313 to 552 mg./dl., fever (average 101F), flank or abdominal pain and pyuria. No patient had evidence of septic shock at hospitalization. Escherichia coli was the documented organism in each case. Mild renal insufficiency was noted in most patients based on...
Intermetallic and Electrical Insulator Coatings on High Temperature Alloys, Properties in Liquid-Lithium Environments

Abstract In the design of liquid-metal cooling systems for fusion-reactor blanket applications, the corrosion resistance of structural materials and the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) force and its subsequent influence on thermal hydraulics and corrosion are major concerns. When the system is cooled by liquid metals, insulator coatings are required on piping surfaces in contact with the coolant. The objective of this study is to develop stable corrosion-resistant electrical insulator coatings at the liquid-metal/structural-material interface, with emphasis on electrically insulating coatings that prevent adverse MHD-generated currents from passing through the structural wall, and on Be-V intermetallic coatings for first-wall components that face the plasma. Vanadium and V-base alloys (V-Ti or V-Ti-Cr) are leading candidate materials for structural applications in a fusion reactor. Various intermetallic films were produced on V-alloys and on Types 304 and 316 stainless steel. The intermetallic layers were devel...
Fate of unattended fearful faces in the amygdala is determined by both attentional resources and cognitive modulation

The evidence for amygdala processing of emotional items outside the focus of attention is mixed. We hypothesized that differences in attentional demands may, at least in part, explain prior discrepancies. In the present study, attention was manipulated by parametrically varying the difficulty of a central task, allowing us to compare responses evoked by unattended emotion-laden faces while the attentional load of a central task was varied. Reduced responses to unattended emotional stimuli may also reflect an active suppression of amygdala responses during difficult non-emotional tasks (cognitive modulation). To explicitly assess cognitive modulation, an experimental condition was used in which subjects performed the central task without the presence of irrelevant emotional stimuli. Our findings revealed that amygdala responses were modulated by the focus of attention. Stronger responses were evoked during a sex task (when faces were attended) relative to a bar-orientation task (when faces were unattended). Critically, a valence effect was observed in the right amygdala during low attentional demand conditions, but not during medium or high demand conditions. Moreover, performing a difficult non-emotional task alone was associated with signal decreases in a network of brain regions, including the amygdala. Such robust decreases demonstrate that cognitive modulation comprises a powerful factor in determining amygdala responses. Collectively, our findings reveal that both attentional resources and cognitive modulation govern the fate of unattended fearful faces in the amygdala.
Descriptive epidemiology of selected olfactory tumors

Olfactory tumors, especially olfactory neuroblastomas (ON) and carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation (CND), are extremely rare, and little descriptive epidemiologic information is available. The objective of this study was to more fully describe selected olfactory tumors using a large population-based cancer incidence database. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 9 registries limited-use data were reviewed from 1973 to 2006 for selected nasal cavity (C30.0) and accessory sinus (C31.0-31.9) tumors. Frequencies, incidence rates, and relative survival rates were estimated using SEER*Stat, v6.5.2. The majority of cases were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), while the incidence of ON was greater than CND. For ON, the incidence was highest in the 60-79 year age group, while for SCC, the incidence was highest in the 80+ year age group. For CND, the incidence leveled off in the oldest age groups. Survival rates were highest for ON (>70% alive at 5 years after diagnosis) and poorest for CND (44% alive at 5 years). Adjuvant radiation therapy did not improve survival over surgery alone in ON. In SCC, survival was worse in patients who received adjuvant radiation compared to patients who had surgery alone. Our analysis confirms some previously published information, and adds new information about the incidence and demographics of ON and CND. In addition, our analysis documents the lack of benefit of adjuvant radiation in ON. It is not feasible to conduct prospective trials in patients with these rare diseases, and the importance of registry data in learning about olfactory tumors is emphasized.
A Perspective on Nuclear Power Plant Systems Analysis

An overview and perspective of the modern system codes used in the nuclear power industry is presented. A special emphasis is placed in delineating the perceptions of the systems code requirements as seen by the utility engineers, by Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS) vendors, and by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and its contractors and consultants.
Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease: hoops and hurdles

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, afflicting more than 30 million people worldwide. Currently, there is no cure or way to prevent this devastating disease. Extracellular plaques, containing various forms of amyloid-β protein (Aβ), and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), composed of hyper-phosphorylated tau protein, are two major pathological hallmarks of the AD brain. Aggregation, deposition, and N-terminal modification of Aβ protein and tau phosphorylation and aggregation are thought to precede the onset of cognitive decline, which is better correlated with tangle formation and neuron loss. Active and passive vaccines against various forms of Aβ have shown promise in pre-clinical animal models. However, translating these results safely and effectively into humans has been challenging. Recent clinical trials showed little or no cognitive efficacy, possibly due to the fact that the aforementioned neurodegenerative processes most likely pre-existed in the patients well before the start of immunotherapy. Efforts are now underway to treat individuals at risk for AD prior to or in the earliest stages of cognitive decline with the hope of preventing or delaying the onset of the disease. In addition, efforts to immunize against tau and other AD-related targets are underway.
A model of the time course of myocardial dynamics: use in characterisation of relaxation and evaluation of its indices.

Objective: Study of myocardial relaxation (lusitropy) requires a lusitropic index that should reflect changes in the time course of relaxation, and is therefore ideally based on a model that encompasses the entire time course of relaxation. Since there is no such model, investigators could not evaluate and validate current measures of relaxation. A new model is therefore proposed and analysed here: ![Graphic][1] . X(t) is the time course of isometric force or isotonic shortening, t is time, and A, B and C are parameters. Methods: The model was analysed and evaluated in nine in situ canine papillary muscles studied with a servo system which produced isometric and isotonic twitches. A, B and C were determined by Marquardt's algorithm. Results: The new model is analytically sufficiently tractable to ascertain, for the first time, whether previous measures of relaxation reflect the time course of relaxation. It nonetheless fits observed data closely, the coefficients of determination being 0.995(SD 0.005) and 0.990(0.004) in isometric and isotonic switches. A and B showed little or no change, with alteration of preload and afterload states averaging 0.200(0.014) s and 0.216(0.022) s for A, and 1.87(0.099) and 2.15(0.158) for B in isometric and isotonic twitches respectively. Dobutamine decreased A but the change was significant only in isotonic twitches; it increased B significantly only in isometric twitches. Thus the lusitropic and chronotropic effects of dobutamine may depend on loading conditions. Conclusions: This model is uniquely useful because it permits the evaluation and reconciliation of previously proposed measures of myocardial relaxation. It also provides a convenient model of the time course of the mechanical activity of the myocardium under isometric and isotonic conditions and is successful in assigning physiological relevance to its parameters. Moreover it permits expeditious derivation of relations for its parameters, thus providing initial parameter estimates systematically. Cardiovascular Research 1993; 27 :1510-1521 [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Sounds of Silence: Race and Emergent Counter-Narratives of Art Teacher Identity.

This article presents case studies of two Black preservice art teachers and their racialized experiences in art teacher education. Drawing from a critical race theory perspective, their stories are...
Performance Evaluation of a Multi-zone Application in Different OpenMP Approaches

We describe a performance study of a multi-zone application benchmark implemented in several OpenMP approaches that exploit multi-level parallelism and deal with unbalanced workload. The multi-zone application was derived from the well-known NAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB) suite that involves flow solvers on collections of loosely coupled discretization meshes. Parallel versions of this application have been developed using the Subteam concept and Workqueuing model as extensions to the current OpenMP. We examine the performance impact of these extensions to OpenMP on a large shared memory machine and compare with hybrid and nested OpenMP programming models.
Feature matching in underwater environments using sparse linear combinations

Feature matching is a key, underlying component in many approaches to object detection, localization, and recognition. In many cases, feature matching is accomplished by nearest neighbor methods on extracted feature descriptors. This methodology works well for clean, out-of-water images; however, when imaging underwater, even an image of the same object can be drastically different due to varying water conditions. As a result, descriptors of the same point on an object may be completely different between the clean and underwater images, and between different underwater images taken under varying imaging conditions. This makes feature matching between such images a very challenging problem. In this paper, we present a new method for feature matching by first synthetically constructing a feature codebook for all template features by simulating different underwater imaging conditions. We then approximate the target feature by a sparse linear combination of the features in the constructed codebook. The optimal sparse linear combination is found by compressive sensing algorithms. In the experiments, we show that the proposed method can produce better feature matching performance than the nearest neighbor approach and associated na7#x00EF;ve extensions.
A computer program for Likert format questionnaire analysis

On college and university campuses, Likert format questionnaires are used for student evaluation of diverse aspects of courses, often with multiple items ~rouped into ~ets with a common referent (e.g., instructor, assignments, presentations, etc.). Contrary to summated rating scales which yield a total score to place a respondent somewhere on a continuum of agreement-disagreement toward the attitude being measured (Kerlinger, 1973), course evaluation questionnaires are typically analyzed to obtain respondent group means to each item or to sets of items. Moreover, the instructor examines the number and percentage of respondents selecting each al~er.native and makes comparisons among items within a set and between sets of items to determine relative strengths and weaknesses of the course. While subprograms of larger statistical analysis packages, such as SPSS (Nie, Hull, Jenkins, Steinbrenner, & Bent, 1975), will perform analyses such as those described, they are often inappropriate because they (1) require a computer system large enough to support the entire package, (2) cannot perform an analysis of individual items and sets of items. simultaneously, and (3) generate more output than IS necessary while requiring extensive variable and parameter definition. The program described in this paper performs the an~lyses typically sought for Likert format questionnam~s ~suc~ as ~ourse evaluations) while overcoming the Iimitations Imposed by larger generalized statistical analysis packages. Input. The job deck consists of the following: title card~, a. problem. parameters card, item group specification card, Item group label cardts), optional question and response choice label cards, a data format card, data deck, and a last card. The first three cards describe the problem in a text which is reproduced on the output. The problem parameters card indicates the number of respondents, the population size, the number of item sets, and user preference for optional alphanumeric labeling. The next card specifies the number of items in each set (or the total number of items if they are ungrouped) and is followed by item group labels (one per card to a maximum of 80 characters). If the user selects alphanumeric output labeling, the next cards contain the questions (one per card to a maximum of 80 characters) and the response alternatives (one per card to a maximum of 20 characters) in the same
Monosialogangliosides (GM1 and AGF2) reduce acute ethanol intoxication: Sleep time mortality, and cerebral cortical Na+, K+‐ATPase

Ganglioside pretreatment of mice reduced the sleep time, mortality, and loss of cerebral cortical membrane Na+, K+ -ATPase associated with acute ethanol treatment. Gangliosides GM1 and AGF2 (an internal ester of GM1) were optimally effective at a dose of 20 mg/kg when injected 24 hr and 1 hr prior to ethanol injection (3 mg/kg). Blood ethanol levels were slightly lower in GM1- and AGF2-pretreated mice than in the saline-ethanol group. The sleep times of GM1- and AGF2-injected mice were 32 ± 10 min and 34 ± 12 min respectively vs. 58 ± 15 min for saline-ethanol-treated animals. Mortality was 64% and 34% in animals pretreated with GM1 or AGF2 and ethanol, respectively, while in animals treated with saline and ethanol the mortality was 80%. No decrease in crotical membrane Na+, K+ -ATPase was seen at 15 min or 40 min after ethanol administration in animals pretreated with AGF2. The decrease in cortical membrane ATPase from GM1-treated animals was similar to losses in saline-ethanol-treated animals (25% after 15 min and 40% min). Pretreatment with either AG4 (asialo GM1) or sialic acid did not affect any of the parameteres tested.
Investigating the mechanism for maintaining eucalcemia despite immobility and anuria in the hibernating American black bear (Ursus americanus)

Ursine hibernation uniquely combines prolonged skeletal unloading, anuria, pregnancy, lactation, protein recycling, and lipolysis. This study presents a radiographic and biochemical picture of bone metabolism in free-ranging, female American black bears (Ursus americanus) that were active (spring bears and autumn bears) or hibernating (hibernating bears). Hibernating bears included lactating and non-lactating individuals. We measured serum calcium, albumin, inorganic phosphate, creatinine, bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP), CTX, parathyroid hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-l), leptin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D] and sclerostin from 35 to 50 tranquilized hibernating bears and 14 to 35 tranquilized spring bears. We compared metacarpal cortical indices (MCI), measured by digital X-ray radiogrammetry, from 60 hunter-killed autumn bears and 79 tranquilized, hibernating bears. MCI was greater in autumn than winter in younger bears, but showed no seasonal difference in older bears. During hibernation eucalcemia was maintained, BSALP was suppressed, and CTX was in the range expected for anuria. During hibernation 1,25(OH)(2)D was produced despite anuria. 1,25(OH)(2)D and IGF-I were less in hibernating than spring bears. In a quarter of hibernating bears, sclerostin was elevated. Leptin was greater in hibernating than spring bears. In hibernating bears, leptin correlated positively with BSALP in non-lactating bears and with CTX in lactating bears. Taken together the biochemical and radiographic findings indicate that during hibernation, bone turnover was persistent, balanced, and suppressed; bone resorption was lower than expected for an unloaded skeleton; and there was no unloading-induced bone loss. The skeleton appears to perceive that it was loaded when it was actually unloaded during hibernation. However, at the level of sclerostin, the skeleton recognized that it was unloaded. During hibernation leptin appeared anabolic in non-lactating bears and catabolic in lactating bears. We hypothesize that ursine hibernation may represent a natural model in which suppression of the sympathetic nervous system prevents unloading-induced bone loss by influencing leptin's skeletal effects and preventing transmission of loading information.
A social shaping perspective on the development of the world wide web The case of iCraveTV

This article uses the Social Shaping of Technology (SST) framework to analyze the case of a Canadian internet company called iCraveTV, which captured broadcast television signals off the air and retransmitted them over the internet. The case study identifies and discusses the social and legal mechanisms by which relevant social groups can exert substantial force on the development of the web. The example of iCraveTV directs attention to questions about the interactions of domestic and transnational forces in the shaping of internet and world wide web technologies. The article concludes that the path of development of the internet and the world wide web remains open to potential intervention and regulation.
Effects of acetic acid on light scattering from cells

Acetic acid has been used for decades as an aid for the detection of precancerous cervical lesions, and the use of acetic acid is being investigated in several other tissues. Nonetheless, the mechanism of acetowhitening is unclear. This work tests some of the hypotheses in the literature and measures changes in light scattering specific to the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Wide angle side scattering from both the nucleus and the cytoplasm increases with acetic application to tumorigenic cells, with the increase in nuclear scattering being greater. In one cell line, the changes in nuclear scattering are likely due to an increase in number or scattering efficiency of scattering centers smaller than the wavelength of excitation light. There are likely several cellular changes that cause acetowhitening and the cellular changes may differ with cell type. These results should lead to a better understanding of acetowhitening and potentially the development of adjunct techniques to improve the utility of acetic acid application. For the well-studied case of cervical tissue, acetowhitening has been shown to be sensitive, but not specific for oncogenic changes needing treatment.
Big Questions Facing Vocational Psychology: A Cognitive Information Processing Perspective

This article draws upon the authors’ experience in developing cognitive information processing theory in order to examine three important questions facing vocational psychology and assessment: (a) ...
Automated Sample-Reagent Loader for Use with the GeMSAEC Fast Analyzer

With a newly developed automated sample-reagent loader, for use with a GeMSAEC Fast Analyzer, a 15-place GeMSAEC transfer disk can be automatically loaded with reagent and samples in 3.25 min; manual loading methods required 15 min. The resulting precision and accuracy is equal to or better than that for manual methods of loading. Sample carryover of the system was decreased, and is about 1%.
Go with the Winners Algorithms for Cliques in Random Graphs

This paper analyzes the performance of the Go with the Winners algorithm (GWTW) of Aldous and Vazirani [1] on random instances of the clique problem. In particular, we consider the uniform distribution on the set of all graphs with n ∈ IN vertices. We prove a lower bound of nΩ(log n) and a matching upper bound on the time needed by GWTW to find a clique of size (1 + Ɛ) log n (for any constant Ɛ > 0). We extend the lower bound result to other distributions, under which graphs are guaranteed to have large cliques.
Data handling displays

Imagine a world in which people can use their hand-held mobile devices to project and transfer content. Everyone can join the collaboration by simply bringing their mobile devices close to each other. People can grab data from each others' devices with simple hand gestures. Now imagine a large display created by tiling multiple displays where multiple users can interact with a large dynamically changing data set in a collocated, collaborative setting and the displays will take care of the data transfer and handling functions in a way that is transparent to the users. In this paper we present a novel data-handling display which works as not only a display device but also as an interaction and data transfer module. We propose simple gesture based solutions to transfer information between these data-handling modules. We achieve high scalability by presenting a fully distributed architecture in which each device is responsible for its own data and also communicates and collaborates with other devices. We also show the usefulness of our work in visualizing large datasets and at the same time allowing multiple users to interact with the data.
A 9-Month-Old Presenting With Rectal Prolapse.

Gastroenterology 2016;150:42–43 Question: A 9-month-old, previously healthy female infant presented with a 2-week history of watery diarrhea and tactile fevers. One day before admission, the mother noticed prolapsing rectal mucosa. The mother gave a history of amoxicillin treatment 2 weeks before the development of diarrhea. Mom denies any sick contacts. On physical examination, her weight was 7.35 kg, and height was 68 cm, plotting at the 10th percentile and 25th percentile, respectively, on the growth curve. Her abdomen was mildly distended, but no tenderness to palpation or guarding. While straining, prolapsed rectal mucosa was noted with raised white to yellow plaques (Figure A). The prolapse reduced spontaneously. Laboratory data revealed a white blood cell count of 15,100/mm, a hemoglobin count of 11.8 g/dL, and a platelet count of 130,000/mm. Stool culture was negative. Stool was sent for Clostridium difficile enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and was negative. Sweat test was negative. Computed tomography of abdomen revealed bowel wall edema, most pronounced at the rectosigmoid junction. Flexible sigmoidoscopy demonstrated raised yellow plaques scattered over rectosigmoid mucosa. (Figure B). What is the diagnosis? Look on page 43 for the answer and see the Gastroenterology web site (www.gastrojournal.org) for more information on submitting your favorite image to Clinical Challenges and Images in GI.
In vivo metabolic response of hepatic nonparenchymal cells and leukocytes to granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor

This study investigates the in vivo glucose utilization of various immune-competent cells after an intra-arterial injection of a nonlethal dose (30 micrograms/kg body weight) of murine recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Injection of GM-CSF resulted in a rapid but transient reduction in the number of circulating neutrophils. After 20 min the number of neutrophils returned to normal values, and by 4 h it was about 80% greater than in time-matched saline-injected controls. One hour after the treatment, neutrophils were accumulated in the livers of GM-CSF-injected animals but not in control livers. In vivo glucose utilization by circulating neutrophils and mononuclear cells and various liver cell types was investigated by combining the 2-deoxyglucose tracer technique with cell isolation procedures. GM-CSF increased the in vivo glucose utilization of circulating and infiltrating neutrophils by more than 200%. Glucose utilization by circulating mononuclear cells was also doubled. After GM-CSF injection, glucose utilization by Kupffer cells was increased by 130% and by hepatic endothelial cells was increased by 60%. Indomethacin pretreatment blunted the hyperglycemia caused by GM-CSF injection; however, it did not inhibit the increased glucose utilization by immune-competent cells. This suggests that the effect of GM-CSF on glucose utilization by these cells is not mediated by prostanoids and is at least partially independent of the mass action of elevated glucose concentration. These findings indicate that GM-CSF may be an important member of the cytokine cascade that mediates the acute in vivo metabolic response of immune-competent cells in sepsis or endotoxemia.
Access and use of the illustrations’ (pictorial) collection at the national archives of Zimbabwe

The main focus of the article is to analyze the accessibility and usage of the pictorial collection at National Archives of Zimbabwe (NAZ). The article defines the concepts of access and use of the pictorial collection and their applicability as historical sources of information in the archives. The pictorial unit has a mandate of selecting, preserving and making available images and prints for the public usage. Regulations at times impose a burden on archival services and prevent information from being as widely available to researchers as possible. This is contrary to the current trend and policy approaches to make public information more accessible. According to Forde (2000) “we have moved away from the concept of the archivist as the dragon at the gate repelling all attempts to access information in case the documents might be damaged”. Use of archival collections should be granted to the public as without use the whole purpose of acquiring, preserving and providing access will be defeated.
Hedging with Forwards and Futures

This technical note expands on the previous note, "Forwards and Futures" (UVA-F-1427), which introduced the basics of forward and futures contracts. It begins with examples where the hedging was one-for-one and the maturity of the futures contract exactly matched the timing of the transaction. Often times the hedging approach is not as clear as it is in those examples. This note covers hedging and more complex examples.
Femtosecond Carrier Dynamics in Nanocrystalline Silicon Films: The Effect of the Degree of Crystallinity

We present studies of the ultrafast dynamics of photoexcited carriers in HWCVD nanocrystalline silicon thin films to address the underlying physics of carrier relaxation and recombination processes in this heterogeneous material. The degree of crystallinity is controlled by varying the H-dilution during deposition, yielding materials with increasingly larger grain size and crystalline fraction at higher dilution values. Time-resolved measurements of the carrier dynamics were made using a femtosecond pump-probe method, in which a short pump pulse excites carriers in the sample and a time-delayed probe pulse measures the resulting change in the optical properties as a function of the pump-probe delay time. Photoexcitation of carriers with pulses 35 fs in duration centered at 1.55 eV results in a net induced absorbance signal in the near-infrared that is analyzed in terms of a multi-component response that includes contributions from the silicon crystallites and the amorphous matrix.0
Study on Mini UAV Designs to Payload Requirements by Airplane Sizing Methodology

The methodology for sizing airplanes that adapted to design uninhabited air vehicles with 20 to 50 pounds against payload goals is described in this paper. Focus is on importance of the unique characteristics of this sort of flying objects and how to deal with them. Features of several rivals designed to participate in Taiwan Robot Aircraft Design Competitions are discussed and further research is suggested finally.
Research progress in the application of carbon nanotubes on chromatography pre-treatment technique

Carbon nanotubes is the new nano-material and it has been applied in many fields,such as adsorption and separation,material and energy storage device,etc.It was reviewed that the progress of the application of the carbon nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbents,solid phase micro-extraction adsorbents,moleculary imprinted materials on chromatography pre-treatment technique in recent years.
A novel technique for epitaxy tool-to-tool and chamber matching and optimization: ER: Equipment reliability and productivity enhancements

The financial success of a modern wafer fab depends on efficient use of process tools including maximizing utilization. A toolset that often provides a manufacturing limitation for the overall fab output is epitaxy due to the complexity of the process and the subtle impact of processing changes on final circuit performance. Rigorous matching of facilities and epitaxy (EPI) tool configuration enables recipe matching and the associated confidence in returning tools to production from invasive maintenance with minimal requalification. In addition, rollout of new recipes is facilitated by knowing all tools will perform equivalent to each other.
Continuous compressor recirculation to improve boost response and mitigate compressor surge in turbocharged gasoline engines

Turbocharged engines are typically equipped with wastegates to control boost pressure, and compressor recirculation valves (CRVs) to prevent compressor surge. For cost reasons, CRVs are typically simple on/off devices. We replace the on/off CRV with a Continuously-variable Compressor Recirculation Valve (CCRV). Because it is continuous, this device can be used, in coordination with the wastegate, to improve the boost response. It can also be used to effectively and robustly prevent compressor surge on both aggressive and mild tip-outs, and to steer compressor operation away from undesirable regions during tip-ins. In this paper, we describe the requirements and design of the CCRV control system, and present vehicle results demonstrating the efficacy of this device.
Wrestling Long into the Night: Sources on the Mainline Protestant Denominations’ Debate about Homosexuality

For nearly forty years several mainline Protestant denominations confronted and attempted to resolve the issue of accepting gay or homosexual persons within their fellowships. For some denominations, such as the Church of Christ—Disciples of Christ (CCDC), Episcopal Church in the United States of America (ECUSA), the Presbyterian Church USA (PCUSA), the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), and the United Church of Christ (UCC), a collective dialogue and process proceeded, and decisions were reached about whether homosexuality “was consistent with Christian teaching” (the language most often used to describe the issue in denominational official statements), or if openly gay, lesbian, or bisexual persons (LGB) were eligible for ordination into the clergy of a denomination. These decisions did not come and go without repercussions. In the case of the ECUSA and the ELCA, several congregations broke with the main body because of disagreement with the denomination’s decision and set off down the road to forming an association with other like-minded congregations that believe that homosexuality is not affirmed by scripture. And dissent is not absent from the fellowships of the PCUSA or the UCC on the regional or congregational levels. As this essay is composed, the PCUSA will come to grips with the issue of same-sex marriage and the celibacy of gay clergy at the denomination’s biennial General Assembly.1 The American Baptist Churches USA (ABCUSA) and the United Methodist Church (UMC) continue to debate the inclusion of homosexuals into their fellowship at the regular biennial or general conferences as indicated above. The faction that upholds the position that “homosexuality is not consistent with Christian teaching” still holds sway within these denominations.
Caries Risk Assessment, Remineralizing, and Desensitizing Strategies in Preventive-Restorative Dentistry

In the spirit of primum non nocere, latin for first do no harm, it is our responsibility as dentists to correctly evaluate our patients and counsel them regarding their disease prior to treating them surgically. We must also critically evaluate dental materials for treating or arresting dental caries as these become available and efficacious in the years to come.
How Best Can We Use Biodiversity in Agroecosystems

Agriculture affects biodiversity by replacing nature's diversity with a smaller number of cultivated plants and domesticated animals. Agricultural systems are often artificial ecosystems of genetic...
ANALISIS PENERIMAAN RAIL TICKET SYSTEM PADA PT. KAI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL UTAUT

Rail ticket system is a train ticket booking system online that have been implemented by PT.KAI. To find out how far the success rate of acceptance of rail ticket system for the users of transport services , PT.KAI needs to test the rail ticket system . Tests conducted to determine the factors that influence user acceptance rail ticket system . T esting model in this study is using a model of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), this model to analyze the influence of performance expectancy (expectation of performance), effort expectancy (expectation of business) and social influence (social factors) on behavioral intention (intention utilization) and the effect of facilitating conditions (conditions that facilitate) and behavioral intention (intention utilization) to use behavior (behavioral usage) on a rail ticket system. Based on this study will be known factors that influence the behavioral intention and use behavior and the factors that do not affect the behavioral intention. With the research is expected to provide recommendations were appropriate and beneficial for PT. KAI in developing online train ticket booking system in the future. Based on the obtained data processed F values of 5.175 and 3.09 F table this means F values > F table with a significant level of 0,000 F below 0.05 that is jointly independent variable performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence significantly influence the dependent variable behavioral intention. The amount of independent influence performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence views on the value of R square of 0.139 Retrieved value F values 8.303 and F table by 3.94 this means F values > F table with a significant level of 0.000 is below 0.05, it indicates that is jointly variable Facilitating Conditions and Behavioral Intention significantly affect Behavior Use variables, the influence of the independent performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence can be seen where the value of R square of 0.146. With this research is expected to provide recommendations which ar e appropriate and beneficial for PT. KAI in developing online train ticket booking system in the future . Key Words : Rail ticket system , UTAUT, SPSS
Training peripheral vision to read: boosting the speed of letter processing

Central-field loss necessitates the use of peripheral vision which makes reading slow and difficult. Slower temporal processing of letter recognition has been shown to be a limiting factor in peripheral letter recognition and reading. Previous studies showed that perceptual learning can increase the number of letters recognized on each fixation and is accompanied by an increase in reading speed. We hypothesized that improvement in temporal processing speed underlies the observed training effects. Here, we proposed an adaptive training procedure to focus on boosting the speed of letter recognition, and investigated whether peripheral reading would be enhanced by this training method. Seven normally-sighted subjects were trained with four daily one-hour sessions of a letter recognition task at 10° in the lower visual field in a pre/post design. During training, we adjusted stimulus duration on a block by block basis to maintain task difficulty near a pre-defined level of 80% performance accuracy. Stimulus duration progressively decreased with training, indicative of faster letter recognition at the 80% criterion. Following training, reading speed measured using a rapid serial visual presentation showed a substantial improvement in the trained (lower) field (41%) and the untrained (upper) field (27%), similar to the improvements observed from the training with a fixed stimulus duration. Despite being no more effective than the previous training, the adaptive temporal training method may allow individualized training, and may have advantages for clinical populations.
Effectiveness of an Asynchronous Online Module on University Students’ Understanding of the Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom

Web-based learning is a growing field in education, yet empirical research into the design of high quality Web-based university science instruction is scarce. A one-week asynchronous online module on the Bohr Model of the atom was developed and implemented guided by the knowledge integration framework. The unit design aligned with three identified metaprinciples of science learning: making science accessible, making thinking visible, and promoting autonomy. Students in an introductory chemistry course at a large east coast university completed either an online module or traditional classroom instruction. Data from 99 students were analyzed and results showed significant knowledge growth in both online and traditional formats. For the online learning group, findings revealed positive student perceptions of their learning experiences, highly positive feedback for online science learning, and an interest amongst students to learn chemistry within an online environment.
Deep Vein Thrombosis Post Radiofrequency Ablation of the Saphenous and Perforator Veins: Is Duplex Ultrasound Necessary within Five Days?:

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the saphenous and perforator veins (“closure”) is a relatively newer option for treatment of venous insufficiency patients. A known complication of the RFA is deep ...
The Application of Distributed Artificial Intelligence to Medical Diagnosis

There are many different reasons for adopting a distributed approach to problem solving activities such as medical diagnosis. This paper discusses the various rationales for Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) and gives a brief overview of the MELANIE project. MELANIE is a project which is concerned with the production of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (protein maps), the interpretation and analysis of these protein maps and subsequent computer assisted medical diagnosis. Having introduced the MELANIE project we then go on to highlight various aspects of the task which may benefit from a DAI approach. We conclude by summarising what has been achieved so far and make a statement of both the short term and long term goals of the project from a DAI perspective.
Dynamic Pavement Delineation and Visualization Approach Using Data Mining

AbstractHighway agencies have been using automated and semiautomated data collection methods such as laser scanning and ultrasonic waves, resulting in the collection of an enormous amount of high-d...