cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Epidermal growth factor upregulates the expression of its own intestinal receptor after small bowel resection.

Abstract Background/Purpose: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) binds to its enterocyte receptor and enhances intestinal adaptation after massive small bowel resection (SBR). To ascertain the mechanism for enhanced adaptation by EGF, we sought to determine the effect of EGF administration on in vivo expression of the intestinal EGF receptor after SBR. Methods : Male ICR mice underwent a 50% proximal SBR and then were assigned randomly to EGF (150 μg/kg/d) or saline by twice daily intraperitoneal injection. After 3 days, the ileum was harvested and total protein and DNA content were measured. Northern hybridization and a ribonuclease protection assay were used to detect qualitative and quantitative expression of EGF receptor mRNA. The remaining ileum was pooled for each group and Western blotting used to determine expression of EGF receptor protein. Results : EGF augmented adaptation after SBR as monitored by significant increases in ileal protein (2.7 ± 0.08 saline versus 3.9 ± 0.17 mg/cm EGF; P P fivefold) increase in ileal EGF receptor mRNA, which was confirmed with the ribonuclease protection assay. Administration of EGF after SBR induced a similar expression of EGF receptor protein. Conclusions : EGF enhanced intestinal adaptation after SBR. This augmented response is associated with increased ileal expression of EGF receptor mRNA and protein. Increased EGF receptor expression and subsequent enhanced ligand/receptor activity may be one important mechanism for the beneficial effect of EGF administration during intestinal adaptation.
Energy of a simple triton model

Abstract The energy of a simple three-body nuclear problem that has been extensively studied is calculated again. An exact Monte Carlo method is used together with a procedure for reduction of statistical error based upon a variational expression involving a new trial function particularly appropriate for the problem. The resulting acceleration of convergence greatly reduces computing time for a given accuracy. The final binding energy is in excellent agreement with other work.
Modified Pairwise Spectrogram Processing for Localization of Unknown Broadband Sources

Pairwise waveform (PWW) and pairwise spectrogram (PWS) processors for 3-D localization of unknown, continuous-wave, broadband sources in shallow water have been developed and implemented. The processors use sparse hydrophone arrays and are applicable to multiple sources, which can be unknown, continuous wave, and broadband. Here, we give new formulas for these two processors that significantly reduce computational requirements, making localization at longer ranges and higher frequencies feasible. The new processors are motivated by a demonstration that an incoherent version of the PWW (IPWW) processor (in which processor outputs at different frequencies are averaged after being processed independently) is the Bartlett processor without autoreceiver terms. The new PWW processor is mathematically equivalent to the original version, though much faster. The new PWS processor is mathematically equivalent to the original version only in the limit of infinite spectrogram window length, but for window lengths that are optimal with the old PWS processor, the new PWS processor gives essentially the same results with much greater speed. Simulations comparing PWS processing to Bartlett, PWW processing, and a time difference of arrival method indicate that the main advantage of PWS processing is for multiple sources in uncertain, high-noise environments at ranges many wavelengths long. With PWS, increased robustness with respect to mismatch is obtained at the expense of reduced resolution; varying PWS processor parameters (such as the size of windows used to create spectrograms) optimizes this tradeoff. This work is motivated by the problem of localizing singing humpback whales, and simulation results use whale sources.
Remarks on the role of economic modeling.

Background; Despite the growing scholarly acceptance of quantitative evaluation methods, modelers still struggle to define an appropriate role for their work at the decision-making level. Goal: To make observations about the policy relevance of mathematical and economic policy modeling in HIV and sexually transmitted disease prevention and treatment. Results: The debate is framed within the context of the inevitability of decision making. Viewed in this light, models can inform choices between competing alternatives by leveraging existing information, integrating data from multiple sources, addressing what if questions, evaluating future scenarios, and providing a uniform metric for evaluation. Conclusions: The goal of model-based evaluation should not be to supplant the decision maker, but rather to redefine the terms of the debate using quantitative methods that make the beliefs and values that lie at the heart of all difficult choices explicit.
Respiratory activity of mitochondria from isolated human and dog hearts maintained in a portable preservation chamber

Abstract Mitochondria extracted from human and dog hearts, maintained as isolated heart-lung preparations in a Portable Preservation Chamber (PPC), exhibited apparently normal oxidative phosphorylation. Storage at 0°C of the isolated mitochondrial suspensions resulted in rapid deterioration of NADH-linked respiration in dog heart mitochondria. Human mitochondrial NADH-linked respiration declined slowly and could be restored even after 1 week by exogenous magnesium. Electron micrographs of stored human heart mitochondria revealed intact organelles after 1 week of storage with no apparent alterations in ultrastructure in the presence of added magnesium. The use of the PPC as a clinical and experimental tool is described.
Structural changes and imaging signatures of acoustically sensitive microcapsules under ultrasound.

Abstract The ultrasound drug delivery field is actively designing new agents that would obviate the problems of just using microbubbles for drug delivery. Microbubbles have very short circulation time (minutes), low payload and large size (2–10 μm), all of these aspects are not ideal for systemic drug delivery. However, microbubble carriers provide excellent image contrast and their use for image guidance can be exploited. In this paper, we suggest an alternative approach by developing acoustically sensitive microcapsule reservoirs that have future applications for treating large ischemic tumors through intratumoral therapy. We call these agents Acoustically Sensitized Microcapsules (ASMs) and these are not planned for the circulation. ASMs are very simple in their formulation, robust and reproducible. They have been designed to offer high payload (because of their large size), be acoustically sensitive and reactive (because of the Ultrasound Contrast Agents (UCAs) encapsulated) and mechanically robust for future injections/implantations within tumors. We describe three different aspects – (1) effect of therapeutic ultrasound; (2) mechanical properties and (3) imaging signatures of these agents. Under therapeutic ultrasound, the formation of a cavitational bubble was seen prior to rupture. The time to rupture was size dependent. Size dependency was also seen when measuring mechanical properties of these ASMs. % Alginate and permeability also affected the Young’s modulus estimates. For study of imaging signatures of these agents, we show six schemes. For example, with harmonic imaging, tissue phantoms and controls did not generate higher harmonic components. Only ASM phantoms created a harmonic signal, whose sensitivity increased with applied acoustic pressure. Future work includes developing schemes combining both sonication and imaging to help detect ASMs before, during and after release of drug substance.
Methyl mercury-induced encephalopathy in mice.

Abstract An animal model of methyl mercury-induced encephalopathy was developed in mice to enable a study of the effects of various newly synthesized chelating agents on methyl mercury toxicity. Administration of methyl mercury to mice via drinking water produced neuropathological and behavioral responses similar to those seen in humans following chronic exposure to organic mercurials. Changes in cellular morphology were seen in the cerebellar cortex of mice exposed to 50 and 10 μg of Hg as CH3HgCl per milliliter of drinking water after 8 days of exposure. At this time, posterior paresis began to develop in mice exposed to 50 μg of Hg/ml of drinking water. Histopathological changes were similar in both exposure groups, although paraplegia did not develop in the low dose group until 24 weeks of exposure. Development of overt clinical signs of methyl mercury toxicity correlated well with blood and whole-body mercury concentrations. There was a lack of correlation between blood and whole-body mercury concentrations and among morphological changes in the cerebellar cortex.
Single vs simultaneous equation models in capital asset pricing: The role of firm-related variables

Abstract An alternative modeling system that more adequately describes the returns-generating process than the usual single equation CAPM is provided in this paper. Firm-related variables are introduced directly into the model using a simultaneous equation system while avoiding the estimation problems of previous attempts. While not empirically testing this system with the single-equation “multi-beta” models, the relationships between the alternative processes are explored.
Intracoronary ultrasound: Insights into mechanisms and results of coronary interventions

Intracoronary ultrasound imaging is a modality which allows in vivo cross-sectional visualization of coronary arteries similar to that obtained by pathology. Compared with coronary angiography, intracoronary ultrasound provides more detail on plaque morphology and topography and more accurate quantification of lumen and plaque area. Thus, it has evolved into a valuable research tool. For example, intracoronary ultrasound imaging has increased understanding of the mechanisms of action of balloon angioplasty and new interventions such as atherectomy and laser treatment. It may prove to have clinical utility by helping to individualize device selection and sizing and by assessing treatment results more accurately. Coronary imaging may be performed at low risk. Future developments will include smaller catheters, combined ultrasound and therapeutic catheters, and three-dimensional reconstruction of images.
Druckverlust und Wärmeübergang in laminar durchströmten Ringspalten mit beliebig geformtem Kern

Druckverlust und Wameubergang bei laminar durchstromten Ringspalten mit beliebigem Kern werden theoretisch untersucht. Das Geschwindigkeitsfeld und der Druckabfall lassen sich berechnen, das Temperaturfeld kann man theoretisch nicht mit vertretbarem Aufwand erfassen. Die allgemeine Losung zeigt jedoch, das bei Ringspalten mit exzentrischem Kern die Warme uberwiegend an den Umfangsteilen mit groserer Spaltbreite ubertragen wird. Aus den fur ebene Spalte gewonnenen Ergebnissen kann man die Warmeubertragung auch bei Ringspalten mit technisch ausreichender Genauigkeit abschatzen.
Characterization of spatially varying surface waves in a land seismic survey

Summary We present several methods for analyzing surface waves in a highly sampled 3-C, 3D survey, and report the most important characteristics derived from those analyses. In particular, we demonstrate the spatial variability of surfacewave velocities and polarization properties. We also show that surface-wave velocities are correlated with other seismic and nonseismic properties of the near surface, such as shear-wave statics and surface texture derived from satellite imagery.
Radiopharmaceutical dosimetry in pediatrics

The increasing use of radionuclides In diagnostic, procedures and the importance of minimizing radiation exposure in infants` and children necessitate accurate and detailed information concerning the radiation doses sustained from these procedures. This paper presents available information on the various parameters involved in radiopharmaceutical dosimetry in pediatrics. The age groups selected are the newborn and 1, 5, 10, and 15 yr. Measured and calculated parameters for these groups include: mass of whole body and target organs; effective halflives and cumulative activities for the various radiopharmaceuticals; equilibrium dose constants; and absorbed fractions for spheres and ellipsoids for target masses down to 1. Radiation doses to whole body and to certain target organs for the various radiopharmaceuticals are included. Some consideration is given to adjustment of the activities administered to children relative to that normally administered to adults.
Artificial intelligence: Early ambitions

We have long imagined machines that can reason and learn as well as a human can. But it has turned out to be surprisingly difficult
Moderately Thick Angle-Ply Cylindrical Shells Under Internal Pressure

Heretofore unavailable closed-form solutions are obtained for unbalanced symmetric as well as balanced unsymmetric angle-ply, moderately thick cylindrical shells subjected to axially varying (axisymmetric) internal pressure loading, under the framework of constant shear-angle theory (CST) or first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), for any boundary condition
Tropical truffles: English translation and critical review of F. von Höhnel’s truffles from Java

Truffles are a polyphyletic group of more than 75 genera dispersed among four major fungal lineages, the Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Glomeromycota, and Zygomycota. Only about 20 truffle species are known from tropical Asia and most are endemic. In 1907–1908, the Austrian botanist and mycologist Franz von Hohnel collected and described five new species of truffles from the island of Java, Indonesia. From three of these five collections, the only existing materials are microscope slides preserved at the Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany at Harvard University. The other two collections consist of small packets of fungal material. Considering the high rate of endemism on Java coupled with the destruction of many of the island's natural ecosystems, it is important to preserve and review the remaining collections of these fungi. To facilitate studies of tropical Asian truffles, we critically reexamine von Hohnel's Javanese truffle collections and translate his German descriptions and commentaries into English. As part of this review, Sphaerocreas javanicum Hohn. is synonymized with Glomus coremioides (Berk. & Broome) D. Redecker & J.B. Morton, and Gymnomyces javanicus (Henn.) M.E. Sm. & Schmull is proposed as a new combination for Hydnangium javanicum Henn.
New model of flow in a Farrel Continuous Mixer

A model for flow in a Farrel Continuous Mixer based upon cylindrical coordinate hydrodynamic lubrication theory is presented. Pressure and flux fields over the rotor surface are calculated. The pumping characteristics of the various sections of the machine rotors were calculated. Generally Farrel Continuous Mixers are operated under starved conditions. Calculations are presented for continuous mixers operating under starved conditions. Pressure and fill factor profiles are determined. Fill factors are predicted to be increased by increasing throughput, increasing exit gate pressure and reducing screw speed.
Tobacco control progress and potential.

The 1964 surgeon general’s report on the health harms of smoking “hit the country like a bombshell.”1 More than 40% of US adults smoked, and smoking was accepted and considered normal behavior. Today, the US adult smoking rate is around 18%2 and about half of Americans are protected from secondhand smoke in workplaces.3
A New Recursion in the Theory of Macdonald Polynomials

The bigraded Frobenius characteristic of the Garsia-Haiman module Mμ is known [7, 10] to be given by the modified Macdonald polynomial \({\tilde{H}_{\mu}[X; q, t]}\). It follows from this that, for \({\mu \vdash n}\) the symmetric polynomial \({{\partial_{p1}} \tilde{H}_{\mu}[X; q, t]}\) is the bigraded Frobenius characteristic of the restriction of Mμ from Sn to Sn-1. The theory of Macdonald polynomials gives explicit formulas for the coefficients cμv occurring in the expansion \({{\partial_{p1}} \tilde{H}_{\mu}[X; q, t] = \sum_{v \to \mu}c_{\mu v} \tilde{H}_{v}[X; q, t]}\). In particular, it follows from this formula that the bigraded Hilbert series Fμ (q, t) of Mμ may be calculated from the recursion \({F_\mu (q, t) = \sum_{v \to \mu}c_{\mu v} F_v (q, t)}\). One of the frustrating problems of the theory of Macdonald polynomials has been to derive from this recursion that \({F\mu (q, t) \in \mathbf{N}[q, t]}\). This difficulty arises from the fact that the cμv have rather intricate expressions as rational functions in q, t. We give here a new recursion, from which a new combinatorial formula for Fμ(q, t) can be derived when μ is a two-column partition. The proof suggests a method for deriving an analogous formula in the general case. The method was successfully carried out for the hook case by Yoo in [15].
Brief Report: Comparability of DSM-IV and DSM-5 ASD Research Samples

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) criteria for ASD have been criticized for being too restrictive, especially for more cognitively-able individuals. It is unclear, however, if high-functioning individuals deemed eligible for research via standardized diagnostic assessments would meet DSM-5 criteria. This study investigated the impact of DSM-5 on the diagnostic status of 498 high-functioning participants with ASD research diagnoses. The percent of participants satisfying all DSM-5-requirements varied significantly with reliance on data from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS; 33 %) versus Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R; 83 %), highlighting the impact of diagnostic methodology on ability to document DSM-5 symptoms. Utilizing combined ADOS/ADI-R data, 93 % of participants met DSM-5 criteria, which suggests likely continuity between DSM-IV and DSM-5 research samples characterized with these instruments in combination.
The yeast CLC chloride channel functions in cation homeostasis

A defect in the yeast GEF1 gene, a CLC chloride channel homolog leads to an iron requirement and cation sensitivity. The iron requirement is due to a failure to load Cu2+ onto a component of the iron uptake system, Fet3. This process, which requires both Gef1 and the Menkes disease Cu2+-ATPase yeast homolog Ccc2, occurs in late- or post-Golgi vesicles, where Gef1 and Ccc2 are localized. The defects of gef1 mutants can be suppressed by the introduction of Torpedo marmorata CLC-0 or Arabidopsis thaliana CLC-c and -d chloride channel genes. The functions of Gef1 in cation homeostasis provide clues to the understanding of diseases caused by chloride channel mutations in humans and cation toxicity in plants.
Fast plane extraction in 3D range data based on line segments

This paper describes a fast plane extraction algorithm for 3D range data. Taking advantage of the point neighborhood structure in data acquired from 3D sensors like range cameras, laser range finders and Microsoft Kinect, it divides the plane-segment extraction task into three steps. The first step is a 2D line segment extraction from raw sensor data, interpreted as 2D data, followed by a line segment based connected component search. The final step finds planes based on connected segment component sets. The first step inspects 2D sub spaces only, leading to a line segment representation of the 3D scan. Connected components of segments represent candidate sets of coplanar segments. Line segment representation and connected components vastly reduce the search space for the plane-extraction step. A region growing algorithm is utilized to find coplanar segments and their optimal (least square error) plane approximation. Region growing contains a fast plane update technique in its core, which combines sets of co-planar segments to form planar elements. Experiments are performed on real world data from different sensors.
Transcultural psychopharmacology: Present and future

Transcultural psychopharmacology is a field that seeks to determine whether differences exist in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic handling of psychotherapeutic drugs among various ethnic groups and, where present, to determine the reasons for such variation. During the past two decades a number of studies have reported differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of psychotropic medications among various ethnic groups. These variations appear to be mainly determined by genetic predisposition but can be influenced by other factors such as environment, psychosocial supports, and physicians' prescribing habits. Due to study design limitations, many questions regarding the transcultural aspects of psychotropic medications still remain unanswered. This critical review discusses the transcultural psychopharmacology of Asian versus non-Asian populations. It will also include data on tardive dyskinesia, discuss new developments, touch on the problems associated with present research in the area, and provide recommendations for designing future research studies.
Reliability Issues in AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors

As AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors gain commercial acceptance for use in high-power and high-frequency applications, it is becoming ever important to understand the degradation mechanisms that drive failure in the field. Because of the complex nature and multifaceted operation modes of these devices, reliability studies must go beyond the typical Arrhenius accelerated life tests. To do this, we investigated the electric field-driven degradation in devices with different gate metallization, device dimensions, and electric field mitigation techniques (such as source field plate) and the effect of device fabrication processes for both dc and RF stress conditions.
Percutaneous repair of a disrupted left renal artery after rapid stabilization

Fortunately, acute renal artery injuries occur infrequently in blunt trauma patients. Renal salvage in the multi-trauma patient is a daunting task. If after judicious consideration, intervention is warranted, then expeditious repair should follow. Rapid control of exanguinating injuries should be accomplished and the patient stabilized for further intervention - surgical or endovascular. We present the case of a patent who presented with left pneumothorax, multiple bilateral rib, scapula, long bone fractures, hypotension, hemoperitoneum, non perfusion of the left kidney, and a shattered spleen. She underwent emergent splenectomy and stabilization of her pressure. The left renal artery was evaluated and repaired with a covered stent. This approach might be beneficial in highly selected patients with favorable physiologic and anatomical presentations.
Profile assisted online system-level performance and power estimation for dynamic reconfigurable embedded systems

Significant research has demonstrated the performance and power benefits of runtime dynamic reconfiguration of FPGAs and microprocessor/FPGA devices. For dynamically reconfigurable systems, in which the selection of hardware coprocessors to implement within the FPGA is determined at runtime, online estimation methods are needed to evaluate the performance and power consumption impact of the hardware coprocessor selection. In this paper, we present a profile assisted online system-level performance and power estimation framework for estimating the speedup and power consumption of dynamically reconfigurable embedded systems. We evaluate the accuracy and fidelity of our online estimation framework for dynamic hardware kernel selection to maximize performance or minimize system power consumption.
Farmers Bargaining: Buying and Selling as a Subject in American Genre Painting, 1835-1868

This article uses genre painting as a data source for investigating the exchange activities of buyers and sellers in nineteenth-century America. Examples of this art are broken down into three subj...
Gender and Technology

Gender and Technology: A Reader. Edited by Nina E. Lerman, Ruth Oldenziel, Arwen Mohun (Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 2003), 480 pages, $24.95 paper. Neglecting female or feminine t...
Dead space: the physiology of wasted ventilation

An elevated physiological dead space, calculated from measurements of arterial CO2 and mixed expired CO2, has proven to be a useful clinical marker of prognosis both for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and for patients with severe heart failure. Although a frequently cited explanation for an elevated dead space measurement has been the development of alveolar regions receiving no perfusion, evidence for this mechanism is lacking in both of these disease settings. For the range of physiological abnormalities associated with an increased physiological dead space measurement, increased alveolar ventilation/perfusion ratio (V9A/Q9) heterogeneity has been the most important pathophysiological mechanism. Depending on the disease condition, additional mechanisms that can contribute to an elevated physiological dead space measurement include shunt, a substantial increase in overall V9A/Q9 ratio, diffusion impairment, and ventilation delivered to unperfused alveolar spaces.
Encephalomyocarditis virus infection of mouse plasmacytoma cells. II. Effect on host RNA synthesis and RNA polymerases.

Abstract The effect of encephalomyocarditis virus infection of MOPC 460 mouse plasmacytoma cells on host RNA synthesis and RNA polymerases was investigated. Consistent with work performed in other virus host systems, rates of RNA synthesis appeared to be inhibited in infected cells, whereas RNA degradation appeared normal. These results were further extended with isolated nuclei, in which distinct RNA polymerase activities could be studied under conditions where problems with RNA turnover and endogenous nucleotide pool sizes were insignificant. Endogenous nuclear RNA polymerase II activity was inhibited early postinfection and at 1 to 2 h prior to endogenous RNA polymerase I plus III activity. However, the solubilized enzymes were fully active with exogenous DNA as template. In fact, the levels of RNA polymerases I, II, and III, isolated from infected cells and nuclei, were indistinguishable from levels in uninfected cells and nuclei at each stage of their partial purification procedure. The chromatographic properties of the enzymes on DEAE-Sephadex were also unaltered. Furthermore, the RNA synthetic activity of these isolated enyzmes, or of nuclei isolated from uninfected cells, was resistant to extracts of nuclei or of cytoplasmic fractions from infected cells. These results are discussed in terms of a possible inhibition of RNA synthesis in vivo at the level of transcription initiation.
What Is the Quality of the Evidence in the Craniomaxillofacial Surgery Literature

Purpose Evidence-based practice is an important concept for surgeons. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of evidence in the craniomaxillofacial surgery (CMS) literature. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of patient-oriented articles published in 9 journals. The primary predictor variable was the year of publication (September 2007 to August 2008 or September 2012 to August 2013). Secondary predictor variables were journal, impact factor, subject (eg, reconstruction, esthetic surgery), and funding. The outcome variable was the level of evidence (levels 1 to 4), evaluated using the Center for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria. Descriptive, bivariate, and regression statistics were computed. Results The study sample included 2,824 articles. The mean weighted journal impact factor was 1.6 ± 0.6 (range, 0.7 to 2.9). Fifty-two percent of articles were published in the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery or the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The most frequent subject area was craniomaxillofacial pathology (934 articles; 33.1%). Eight percent of studies were funded. There were 97 (3.4%) level 1, 562 (19.9%) level 2, 228 (8.1%) level 3, and 1,937 (68.6%) level 4 studies. In a multiple regression model, year of publication (odds ratio [OR] = 1.2; P = .05), impact factor (OR = 2.4; P Conclusion The quality of evidence in the CMS literature is low. Higher levels of evidence are associated with more recent publications, journal impact factor, topic area, and funding.
Incidence of early radiolucent lines after glenoid component insertion for total shoulder arthroplasty: a radiographic study comparing pressurized and unpressurized cementing techniques

Background Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is commonly performed for arthritic conditions of the shoulder. The outcome after TSA is generally good, but there are several modes of failure, with one of the more common reasons being glenoid loosening. One possible cause for glenoid loosening is inadequate cementation technique. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of lucent lines on the first postoperative radiograph using 2 different cementation techniques. Materials and methods One hundred consecutive patients had a pegged glenoid placed with 1 of 2 different cementation techniques. In 26 consecutive patients, the pegged glenoid component was cemented with a traditional minimal manual pressurization technique, whereas 74 underwent a contemporary 3-step pressurization cementation technique before implant insertion. The first postoperative radiograph was evaluated using the system of Lazarus et al, looking at the frequency of lucent lines. The radiographs were deidentified and were randomized and evaluated by 2 independent observers on 3 separate occasions. Results The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between grades of radiolucent lines for pressurized versus unpressurized cementation techniques. There were significantly (P Conclusion The 3-step pressurized cementation technique resulted in a low incidence of radiolucent lines around the glenoid implant in patients undergoing TSA.
The Child and death

1. Olle Jane Z. Sahler, MD* 1. 2. *Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. Three siblings, Debbie, age 13, Mark, age 7, and Heather, age 3, are brought to you by their father, John Morgan, 1 month after the death of their 35-year-old mother from ovarian cancer. Despite aggressive medical and surgical therapy that required multiple hospitalizations, Mrs. Morgan died 4 months after diagnosis. The children were told initially that their mother was “very sick from an infection.” About 2 weeks before her death, they were told that their mother had cancer and that she would be “going to heaven to be with God.” Immediately after the mother’s diagnosis, the children were sent to live with their paternal aunt in a town about 10 miles from their home. This allowed the father to continue working to maintain his medical insurance and still take care of his wife at home and at the hospital. The children were driven to and from school each day. They saw their mother every weekend during the first 2 months, but because of her altered appearance from chemotherapy and altered sensorium from brain metastases, they saw her after that only once, about 2 weeks before her death. At that time, she recognized them but was unable to converse coherently. Debbie was given the choice of attending her mother’s funeral, but because neither of her siblings was considered old enough to attend, she chose to stay with them at the home of a family friend. After the funeral, the children returned to their aunt’s home for a week while their father grieved, disposed of most of his wife’s belongings to various charities, and made arrangements for the children to be taken care of after school when they returned home. Now, 3 weeks after returning home, Debbie is sullen around the house, refuses to do extra chores, and wants to spend time …
Insect Visitors and Pollination Ecology of Spalding's Catchfly (Silene spaldingii) in the Zumwalt Prairie of Northeastern Oregon

ABSTRACT: Silene spaldingii S. Watson (Spalding's catchfly) is a threatened wildflower that relies on insect-mediated pollination. However, its pollination ecology is not well understood, particularly in the Zumwalt Prairie of northeastern Oregon, which contains the largest known S. spaldingii population. Our objectives were to: (1) describe the principal insect visitors to S. spaldingii in the Zumwalt Prairie, (2) quantify the available pool of pollinators in the area, and (3) determine whether the visitation rate to individual plants is associated with the density of S. spaldingii at the patch scale, as predicted by the resource concentration hypothesis, and/or by the density and composition of non-S. spaldingii blooming plants, as predicted by the facilitation and competition hypotheses. We recorded insect visits to S. spaldingii during peak bloom at 30 patches and characterized the local bee community using blue vane traps. We quantified the patch-scale density of S. spaldingii and the composition and...
Reliable multicast with delay guarantees

The reliable multicast protocol guarantees that all receivers place the source messages in the same order. We have changed this protocol from an event-driven protocol to a timed protocol in order to also guarantee that all of the receivers have a source message by a deadline. Certain of the control messages that are transmitted by the receivers in this protocol are scheduled to occur at specified times, rather than responding to other messages. This results in short sequences of protocol states that are independent of one another, rather than a protocol machine that is recursive and runs indefinitely. It is easier to prove the properties of these short sequences of events than to prove those of many protocols that have indefinitely long sequences.
A high-quality digital filterbank for speech recognition which runs in real time on a standard microprocessor

Asynchronous digital filterbank or LPC output is widely used for high-quality research and commercial speech recognition applications. Special-purpose hardware is usually applied. In this paper, a decimation/DFT filterbank system is described which may be implemented in real time on a standard microprocessor. Key features of the approach are a dithering technique, which allows output sampling at a rate lower than would be theoretically predicted as adequate, and the Winograd Fourier transform algorithm (WFTA) implementation of the DFT. The contributions of this paper are the dithering idea, the demonstration that it is feasible to implement a high-quality digital filter-bank on a standard microprocessor, and the discussion of starting-phase error. The nonlinear effects of dithering are discussed in detail, and it is shown that the dithering technique significantly reduces starting phase error, which can be important in very close discrete utterance recognition (DUR) situations.
Reversal of HCN Channel Voltage Dependence via Bridging of the S4–S5 Linker and Post-S6

Voltage-gated ion channels possess charged domains that move in response to changes in transmembrane voltage. How this movement is transduced into gating of the channel pore is largely unknown. Here we show directly that two functionally important regions of the spHCN1 pacemaker channel, the S4-S5 linker and the C-linker, come into close proximity during gating. Cross-linking these regions with high-affinity metal bridges or disulfide bridges dramatically alters channel gating in the absence of cAMP; after modification the polarity of voltage dependence is reversed. Instead of being closed at positive voltage and activating with hyperpolarization, modified channels are closed at negative voltage and activate with depolarization. Mechanistically, this reversal of voltage dependence occurs as a result of selectively eliminating channel deactivation, while retaining an existing inactivation process. Bridging also alters channel activation by cAMP, showing that interaction of these two regions can also affect the efficacy of physiological ligands.
Application of Piezoelectric Sensors to Rotor Fault Diagnostics in Squirrel-Cage Induction Machines

In this paper, application of a piezoelectric vibration sensor to induction motor fault diagnostics is investigated. More specifically, a piezoelectric sensor is used to diagnose broken bar faults in squirrel-cage induction machines. The piezoelectric vibration sensor described in this paper offers a number of advantages when compared to other conventional vibration monitoring devices, such as accelerometers, velomitors, proximity probes, etc. These advantages can be summarized as follows: low cost, ease of implementation, and relatively high bandwidth. Use of a vibration signal as a medium for rotor fault diagnostics may result in a simplification of the diagnosis procedure, since both the fault index and the slip (speed) can be estimated from one signal. It is well known that rotor faults result in torque and possible consequent speed oscillations at twice the slip frequency, 2sf. These torque and speed oscillations/pulsations, in turn, produce detectable vibrations that can be utilized for purposes of rotor fault diagnostics. Moreover, radial forces produced as a result of such faults may result in increased vibration amplitude at the same, 2sf, frequency, which can further amplify the fault index, and hence make the proposed technique more reliable. Experimental results on broken bar diagnostics are presented here to demonstrate the validity and efficacy of this approach.
Simulation modeling—a first-time modeler's experience

This paper illustrates the steps in simulation model development and discusses interpretation of model output. It shows how a model can assist in answering existing questions and provide the framework for formulating and testing new hypotheses.
Random message arrivals in a gaussian cognitive radio

We study the impact of random message arrivals in a two user Gaussian interference channel with one-way co-operation, also called as cognitive radio. In this model, one user (labeled cognitive user) has information about the message of the other user (labeled primary user). Specifically, we quantify the reduction in queuing delay for both the primary and cognitive users when the cognitive user has either non-causal or causal information about primary users data. Surprisingly, we find that the delay for the primary user also reduces even though the cognitive user does not use any of its transmission power to relay the information of the primary user.
Increase in oxygen uptake due to arachidonic acid is oxygen dependent in the perfused liver

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effect of arachidonic acid on hepatic O2 uptake is O2 dependent and which region of the liver lobule it affects. In livers perfused at normal flow rates, infusion of arachidonate increased O2 uptake significantly by about 20-25 mumol.g-1.h-1. When the flow rate was doubled to make the hepatic O2 gradient shallower, the increase in O2 uptake due to arachidonate was two to three times larger (i.e., approximately 50 mumol.g-1.h-1). In livers perfused in the retrograde direction, maximal rates of O2 uptake were about twofold higher in upstream pericentral than in downstream periportal regions, and arachidonic acid nearly doubled O2 uptake in downstream areas without affecting rates in upstream regions. Thus it is concluded that arachidonate stimulates O2 uptake in an O2-dependent manner. This effect was sensitive to an inhibitor of the lipoxygenase, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, in perfused liver but not in isolated hepatocytes. In addition, conditioned medium from Kupffer cells incubated at high O2 tension stimulated parenchymal cell O2 uptake. Furthermore, arachidonate increased intracellular Ca2+ in isolated Kupffer cells in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that eicosanoids produced by nonparenchymal cells participate in a hepatic O2 sensor mechanism involving Ca2+ that regulates O2 uptake by parenchymal cells in the liver.
Outcome of Mitochondrial Diseases

Researchers at Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia; Molecular Neurogenetics, Milan, Italy; and Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, evaluated the functional outcome of 22 children with mitochondrial diseases.
Estimated prevalence of antenatal depression in the US population

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of minor and major depression among pregnant women in the USA. Also, we compare prevalence of depression among pregnant and non-pregnant women while controlling for relevant covariates. A population-representative sample of pregnant women (n = 3010) surveyed for the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was compared to a sample of women who were not pregnant (n = 68,620). Binary logistic regression was used to determine prevalence ratios of depression for pregnant and non-pregnant women while controlling for the effects of age, race, annual income, employment status, educational level, marital status, general health, and availability of emotional support. Depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8). The prevalence of major depression was no greater among pregnant women (6.1%) compared to non-pregnant women (7%; adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) .8 and 1.5). The prevalence of minor depression was greater among pregnant women (16.6%) compared to non-pregnant women (11.4%; adjusted PR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 and 1.9). Prevalence ratios are adjusted for the effects of covariates noted above. Prevalence of major depression is not associated with pregnancy, but minor depression is more likely among women who are pregnant.
CROSS-CULTURAL RESPONSE TO FAILURE: CONSIDERING OUTCOME ATTRIBUTIONS WITH DIFFERENT GOALS

The study of the attributions has given researchers of achievement motivation a powerful key to understanding thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in achievement situations (Brown & Weiner, 1984; Diener & Dweck, 1978, 1980; Dweck & Elliott, 1983; Mueller & Dweck, 1998; Weiner, 1985; Weiner, Graham, & Chandler, 1982; CitationRef Weiner & Kukla, 1971). Decades of research has demonstrated that different attributions lead to unique patterns of coping. Indeed, Weiner has mapped the attribution-affect-behavior linkages for the major classes of attributions (see Weiner, 1985, for a review).
Initiating a vasectomy training clinic in a family practice residency.

The development of and initial experience with a vasectomy training clinic in a family planning residency program are presented. A literature review and faculty consensus resulted in the acceptance of a standardized technique in which the ends of the vas are cauterized and not tied. An appropriate time block/patient to allow for counseling and for teaching of the technique was 90 minutes. Patients were recruited by instituting reduced charges and advertising through the local Planned Parenthood office and county health service. A partial prepayment was required to reduce broken appointments. Review of the 1st 50 cases indicates a good resident experience an appropriately low complication rate and no failures. (authors)
Hybrid radial-cones trajectory for accelerated MRI.

Purpose To design and develop a series of ultrashort echo time k-space sampling schemes, termed radial-cones, which enables high sampling efficiency while maintaining compatibility with parallel imaging and compressed sensing reconstructions. Theory and Methods Radial-cones is a trajectory that samples three-dimensional (3D) k-space using a single base cone distributed along radial dimensions through a cost function–based optimization. Trajectories were generated for highly undersampled, short readout sampling and compared with 3D radial sampling in point spread function (PSF) analysis, digital and physical phantoms, and initial human volunteers. Parallel imaging reconstructions were evaluated with and without the use of compressed sensing–based regularization. Results Compared with 3D radial sampling, radial-cones reduced the peak value and energy of PSF aliasing. In both digital and physical phantoms, this improved sampling behavior corresponded to a reduction in the root mean square error with a further reduction using compressed sensing. A slight increase in noise and a corresponding increase in apparent resolution was observed with radial-cones. In in vivo feasibility testing, radial-cones reconstructed images have a markedly lower number of apparent artifacts. Ultimate gains in imaging performance were limited by off-resonance blurring. Conclusion Radial-cones is an efficient non-Cartesian sampling scheme enabling short echo readout with a high level of compatibility with parallel imaging and compressed sensing. Magn Reson Med 77:1068–1081, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Charge-Transfer Complexation Mechanism of Poly(4-vinylpyridine)/[6,6]-Phenyl-C61-butyric Acid Methyl Ester in DMF Solution

The mechanism of charge-transfer complexation in electron-donor (D)/electron-acceptor (A) active layer was studied for a pseudobinary blend model system, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP)/[6,6]-phenyl-C...
Using Ultrathin-Film, Modulated Composites to Control the Reaction Mechanism of Ternary Compound Formation

A predictable, controllable approach to the synthesis of ternary compounds through known intermediates is presented. Thin and ultrathin film superlattices were made in the Mo-Se, Cu-Se and Mo-Cu systems. Differential scanning calorimetry, low- and high-angle x-ray diffraction were used to assess the interdiffusion and nucleation reactions between elemental layers in these one-dimensional crystals. The experimental parameter modulation distance was used to influence the interfacial reactions. The results from each binary system were then used to predict the reaction pathway in the synthesis of a ternary compound, Cu2Mo6Se8. Superlattices with two different lengthscales were investigated. In the first, only one intermediate, MoSe2 which typically crystallizes at ~200°C, is observed prior to the crystallization of Cu2Mo6Se8. In the second, no crystalline intermediates are observed below 600°C.
The Oxidation of Ni and Ni-20Cr Deposited with Chromia Thin Films VIA Combustion CVD

Chromia thin films were deposited onto substrates of Ni and Ni-20Cr by gaseous fuel combustion chemical vapor deposition. The chemical precursor utilized to achieve chromia films was aqueous 0.27M chromium nitrate, and the depositions took place within the flame at temperatures between 200 and 550°C. Amorphous coatings were deposited between 200 and 375°C, whereas crystalline coatings of chromia (eskolaite) were deposited between 400 and 550°C. The eskolaite deposition rate was approximately five times faster than the amorphous chromia. Chromia coatings containing 2 wt% yttria were also formed. The deposition temperature necessary to form crystalline chromia/yttria coatings was slightly higher (∼50°C) than those containing chromia only. The ability of the various coatings to provide oxidation protection was characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The eskolaite coatings that are at least 1 im thick reduce the oxidation mass gain/area of Ni-20Cr by nearly a factor of ten and the parabolic constant by an order of magnitude, whereas the amorphous chromia coatings that are 0.6 μm thick do not demonstrate such an improvement. Yttria-doped chromia coatings further reduce the parabolic constant by two orders of magnitude, consistent with expectation. Characterization of the coatings was accomplished using a variety of techniques, including SEM, TEM, EDS, and XRD.