cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of anxiety disorders and anxiety subtypes in patients with Parkinson's disease

Anxiety disorders are common in Parkinson's disease (PD), but are not well characterized. This study determined the prevalence and clinical correlates of all DSM-IV-TR anxiety disorder diagnoses in a sample of 127 subjects with idiopathic PD who underwent comprehensive assessments administered by a psychiatrist and neurologist. A panel of six psychiatrists with expertise in geriatric psychiatry and/or movement disorders established by consensus all psychiatric diagnoses. Current and lifetime prevalence of at least one anxiety disorder diagnosis was 43% (n = 55) and 49% (n = 63), respectively. Anxiety disorder not otherwise specified, a DSM diagnosis used for anxiety disturbances not meeting criteria for defined subtypes, was the most common diagnosis (30% lifetime prevalence, n = 38). Compared with nonanxious subjects, panic disorder (n = 13) was associated with earlier age of PD onset [50.3 (12.2) vs. 61.0 (13.7) years, P < 0.01], higher rates of motor fluctuations [77% (10/13) vs. 39% (25/64), P = 0.01] and morning dystonia [38% (5/13) vs. 13% (8/62), P < 0.03]. This high prevalence of anxiety disorders, including disturbances often not meeting conventional diagnostic criteria, suggests that anxiety in PD is likely underdiagnosed and undertreated and refined characterization of anxiety disorders in PD is needed. In addition, certain anxiety subtypes may be clinically useful markers associated with disease impact in PD.
Seasonal Foraging Activity and Bait Preferences of Ants on Barro Colorado Island, Panama1

A yearlong arboreal baiting survey of ants was conducted during 1983 on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Because of a severe El Nino event, the 1983 dry season in Panama was exceptionally long and dry with a distinct boundary between the dry and wet seasons. Baits, located on tree trunks, attracted both terrestrial and arboreal ants, allowing comparisons between the two groups. Species composition at baits changed dramatically with season. Baits were primarily occupied by arboreal species during the dry season, while wet season baits were occupied mostly by terrestrial species. Arboreal and terrestrial ants differed markedly in their preferences for protein- or carbohydrate-based baits; arboreal ants preferred protein-based baits and terrestrial ants preferred carbohydrate-based baits. Foraging preference for protein suggests that protein resources were limiting for arboreal ants, particularly during the dry season, and that carbohydrate resources were limiting for terrestrial ants. Fundamental differences in arboreal and terrestrial habitats may promote the differences in foraging strategies observed during an annual cycle in a seasonal tropical forest.
Spotlight on ‘xeroderma pigmentosum’

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of DNA repair characterised by photosensitivity, progressive pigmentary change, and an increased incidence of ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin and mucous membrane cancers. Approximately 25% of XP patients also have progressive neurological degeneration. There are eight XP complementation groups (XP-A through to XP-G, and XP variant (XP-V)), corresponding to the affected DNA repair gene. Seven of these genes, XPA to XPG, are involved in nucleotide excision repair, removing UV-induced damage from DNA. The eighth gene, XPV (or POLH), encodes for DNA polymerase η, which is required for the replication of DNA containing unrepaired UV-induced damage. There is wide variability in clinical features both between and within XP complementation groups. The diagnosis is made clinically and confirmed by cellular tests for defective DNA repair. This is followed by identification of the defective gene (complementation analysis) and causative mutation(s). Although there is no cure, sun avoidance and regular follow-up to assess and treat any skin cancers increase life expectancy. The neurological abnormalities are progressive and result in a shortened lifespan. The study of patients with XP has highlighted the importance of nucleotide excision repair in the aetiology of skin cancers and neurological degeneration, and has solidified the link between UV exposure, DNA damage, somatic mutations and skin cancer.
Effect of varied training techniques on field endotracheal intubation success rates

A pool of 146 mobile intensive care unit paramedics was divided into four equal groups and trained in the technique of direct laryngoscopic endotracheal intubation of cardiac arrest or deeply comatose patients. Group 1 was selected from supervisors and crew chiefs and trained as preceptors. The remaining paramedics were assigned to three other study groups. Groups 1 and 2 were trained with a didactic presentation followed by manikin practice, an animal laboratory exercise, and operating room experience. Group 3 had no OR experience; Group 4 had only didactic/manikin training. Intubations were observed by preceptors on scene. During the study period of 27 months, 689 of 763 patients (90.3%) were successfully intubated by 122 paramedics. While results suggest variation in skill levels according to training group (Group 1, 92.4%; Group 2, 87.6%, Group 3, 83.3%; Group 4, 76.9%), statistical analysis allowing for the variables of seniority and number of intubations performed by personnel failed to reveal differences in groups attributable to training programs. Complication rates were relatively low for all groups, the most common being prolonged intubation attempts. A significant improvement in the skill was seen as the study progressed when groups are pooled and compared. The findings suggest that endotracheal intubation of deeply comatose or cardiac arrest patients is a field procedure that can be performed safely and skillfully by well-monitored paramedical personnel. Operating room or animal laboratory experience may increase initial success levels, but these factors do not appear to greatly influence eventual performance or incidence of complications of the procedure.
Prevalence of group B streptococcus colonization and potential for transmission by casual contact in healthy young men and women

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes disease in newborns, pregnant women, and adults with underlying medical conditions, but it is also a commensal organism that commonly colonizes the bowel. In this study, the prevalence of colonization was high among 241 women (34%) and 211 men (20%) living in a college dormitory; sexually experienced subjects had twice the colonization rates of sexually inexperienced participants. Other predictors of colonization varied by colonization site. Only 10 of the 142 roommate pairs had roommates who were both colonized with GBS, and 20% of these pairs shared identical strains, which is the same rate predicted by the population distribution. By contrast, a previous report found that 86% of co-colonized sex partners shared identical strains. GBS is likely transmitted by intimate contact, but transmission modes may vary by colonization site. Large prospective studies are needed to better understand colonization site-specific factors for GBS and to clarify potential transmission modes.
Control of redundant manipulators for task compatibility

When called upon to perform a manipulation task, through experience we place our arm in a posture which is best suited for performing that task. Posture variation is a means through which the motion and strength characteristic of the arm is made compatible with the task requirements. We propose an index for measuring the compatibility of an arm posture with respect to fine manipulation tasks, where accurate control of small velocity and force is required, and coarse manipulation tasks, where exertion of large velocity and force is required. The optimization of this index presents an effective way of utilizing manipulator redundancy. The resultant manipulator postures closely resemble those used by humans in performing similar tasks.
Taxonicity of nonverbal learning disabilities in spina bifida

As currently defined, it is not clear whether Nonverbal Learning Disabilities (NLD) should be considered a matter of kind or magnitude (Meehl, 1995). The taxonicity of NLD, or the degree to which it is best construed as discrete versus continuous, has not been investigated using methods devised for this purpose. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) is a method for finding subtypes of latent classes from multivariate categorical data. This study represents an application of LCA on a sample of children and adolescents with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM) (N = 44), those presenting with features of NLD (N = 28) but no medical condition, and control volunteers (N = 44). The two-class solution provided evidence for the presence of a taxon with an estimated base-rate in the SBM group of .57. Indicator validities (the conditional probabilities of indicator endorsement in each latent class) suggest a somewhat different priority for defining NLD than is typically used by researchers investigating this disorder. A high degree of correspondence between LCA classifications and those based on a more conventional algorithm provided evidence for the validity of this approach.
Anticardiolipin Antibodies and Risk of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack The Framingham Cohort and Offspring Study

Background and Purpose— The role of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLs) as novel risk factors for ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) has been a matter of debate. Prior cohort studies included only selected subjects, mostly men. We related serum concentrations of aCLs to incident first ischemic stroke/TIA among men and women in the Framingham Heart Study cohort and offspring. Methods— There were a total of 2712 women (mean age, 59.3 years) and 2262 men (mean age, 58.3 years) free of stroke/TIA at the time of their baseline examinations. An enzyme immunoassay was used to measure aCLs. Optical density of the sample serum compared with the reference serum was defined as the aCL screening ratio (aCL SR). Analyses were based on sex-specific aCL SR quartiles and individual ratios. Results— During the 11-year follow-up, 222 ischemic strokes/TIAs occurred. In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, prior cardiovascular disease, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, C-reactive protei...
Underserved Patients’ Perspectives on Patient-Centered Primary Care: Does the Patient-Centered Medical Home Model Meet Their Needs?

The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) has gained significant interest as a delivery system model that can improve health care quality while reducing costs. This study uses focus groups to investigate underserved, chronically ill patients’ preferences for care and develops a patient-centered framework of priorities. Seven major priorities were identified: (a) communication and partnership, (b) affordable care, (c) coordinated care, (d) personal responsibility, (e) accessible care, (f) education and support resources, and (g) the essential role of nonphysician providers in supporting their care. Using the framework, we analyzed the PCMH joint principals as developed by U.S. medical societies to identify where the PCMH model could be improved to better meet the needs of these patients. Four of the seven patient priorities were identified as not present in or supported by current PCMH joint principles. The study discusses how the PCMH model can better address the needs of low-income, disadvantaged patients.
Applying time-frequency techniques to noise corrupted radar signals

This paper discusses the use of time frequency distributions to analyze signals from dynamic targets in the presence of noise. After time frequency processing, the radar return from a rotating target displays distinctive Doppler characteristics. Time frequency analysis makes parameters such as the rotational frequency, radius of rotation, and relative position of multiple scattering centers easy to determine. Time-frequency methods can provide an accurate representation of the rotating system even when the noise power exceeds the signal power (signal to noise ratios below 0 decibels).
Progress of oncolytic viruses in sarcomas

Oncolytic virotherapy has shown exciting promise for the treatment of many types of solid tumors. Pediatric sarcomas are an aggressive type of pediatric malignancy known to show limited responsiveness to current therapies, leading to unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Oncolytic viruses have only recently been used for the treatment of this challenging cancer, and results have been encouraging. Five clinical trials are currently open evaluating the use of oncolytic viruses in pediatric malignancies. Advances in genetic engineering of the viruses include improving the ability of the virus to infect tumor cells, engineering the virus with transgenes which improve the virus' ability to kill tumor cells and manipulating the virus to enhance concomitantly administered therapies. Further understanding of the antiviral immune response and a viral induced anti-tumor immune response will permit a maximization of oncolytic virotherapy.
Use of a Delphi Study Method in Avionics Curriculum Development

Outcome-based curriculum development requires that the desired attributes and the knowledge expected of a graduate be identified early in the development process. One tool available to identify these areas is the use of a survey utilizing the Delphi Study method. This paper will present historical background information and specific procedures for the Delphi Study method and, as an example, detail how the method was recently used as a means to develop a proposed avionics curriculum for the Air Force Institute of Technology Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics. A discussion of how the Delphi Study method was employed to support the six-step curriculum development process will be presented along with some of the difficulties encountered along the way and recommendations for overcoming these difficulties.
Spectral reflectance curves to distinguish soybean from common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) grown with varying soil moisture

Experiments were conducted to examine the use of spectral reflectance curves for discriminating between plant species across moisture levels. Weed species and soybean were grown at three moisture levels, and spectral reflectance data and leaf water potential were collected every other day after the imposition of moisture stress at 8 wk after planting. Moisture stress did not reduce the ability to discriminate between species. As moisture stress increased, it became easier to distinguish between species, regardless of analysis technique. Signature amplitudes of the top five bands, discrete wavelet transforms, and multiple indices were promising analysis techniques. Discriminant models created from data set of 1 yr and validated on additional data sets provided, on average, approximately 80% accurate classification among weeds and crop. This suggests that these models are relatively robust and could potentially be used across environmental conditions in field scenarios.
Exercise in the Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis, characterized by bone loss, is a serious disease affecting millions of elderly women. Current research suggests that regular exercise plays an important role in its prevention. Physical therapists treat many patients who are at risk for developing osteoporosis or who already have the disease. To provide optimum patient care, physical therapists must be knowledgeable about the disease process and the role of exercise in its prevention and management. To meet this need, I have provided a brief overview of the literature on osteoporosis. The structure and dynamic nature of bone are discussed. Factors influencing the development of osteoporosis are identified. Studies dealing with the response of bone to mechanical stress in athletes, in addition to the role of exercise in the prevention of osteoporosis, are reviewed. Finally, recommendations are made for postural training and for extension and weight-bearing exercises in the management of the patient with symptomatic osteoporosis.
Analysis of Mold Filling in Lost Foam Casting of Aluminum: Part II-Example Applications

This paper is the second in a two-part series on mold filling analysis for lost foam casting of aluminum. Part I (published in the IJMC Volume 2, Issue 3, Summer 2008) describes the analysis method, assumptions, and governing equations, and this paper (Part II) discusses applications of the analysis to a variety of pattern shapes that exhibit different types of mold filling behavior, many of which are unique to lost foam casting. The first example compares mold filling in a horizontal foam strip filled from the side with filling in the same strip oriented vertically and filled from the top or bottom. The results illustrate the unusual effect that pattern orientation and thickness have on metal fluidity in lost foam casting. The second example, a rectangular plate filled through a single inlet located on a top, bottom or side edge, illustrates how different modes of foam decomposition can interact during the filling of a single pattern. The mold filling sequence turns out to be dramatically different depending on inlet location and pattern thickness. The third example is a generic box pattern that has long been used at GM and elsewhere to study the lost foam process. This pattern is filled from the back through three separate inlets, creating two merging flow fronts inside the cavity. The likelihood of these metal fronts enclosing foam between them when they come together is explored by examining the concavity of their flow front profiles. For several cases considered in this paper, the results of the analysis are compared with X-ray and neutron radiography images taken during actual mold filling.
Ego-net community mining applied to friend suggestion

In this paper, we present a study of the community structure of ego-networks---the graphs representing the connections among the neighbors of a node---for several online social networks. Toward this goal, we design a new technique to efficiently build and cluster all the ego-nets of a graph in parallel (note that even just building the ego-nets efficiently is challenging on large networks). Our experimental findings are quite compelling: at a microscopic level it is easy to detect high quality communities.Leveraging on this fact we, then, develop new features for friend suggestion based on co-occurrences of two nodes in different ego-nets' communities. Our new features can be computed efficiently on very large scale graphs by just analyzing the neighborhood of each node. Furthermore, we prove formally on a stylized model, and by experimental analysis that this new similarity measure outperforms the classic local features employed for friend suggestions.
Developmental Amnesia: East and Central African Railway Surveys and the Development Planning Archive, 1946-1952

This paper will trace how East African-based local officials and London-based metropolitan developers differently conceived of the postwar iteration of colonial development and its relationship to the past. When the prospect of a railway linking East and Central Africa resurfaced in the 1940s everyone knew there was a pile of published reports, engineering surveys, and planning ephemera left behind from a parallel (and ultimately abortive) interwar iteration of survey work for precisely this alignment. Historical analysis linking the interwar and postwar planning archive from Tanzania, Zambia, and the United Kingdom demonstrates how and why local and metropolitan officials proposed to plan the future by making very different use of the past. Metropolitan officials, wanting to portray the postwar push as benefiting Africans, engaged in what I call “developmental amnesia” – progressively “forgetting,” disregarding, or thinking irrelevant the development archive. Local officials tended to think oppositely. Seeing an organic link between development planning before and after the war, local officials lobbied for an extensive use of the archive. Tracing this fault line in the perceived relevance of the archive reveals how differently each group conceived of the plan, purpose, and proposed pace of postwar colonial development.
Swept-Wavelength Optical Sensor Interrogation with 10 µS Sweep Period Utilizing Sampled Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector Lasers

A new sensor interrogation source that can scan the 1525 nm to 1575 nm wavelength range with. 001 nm resolution in less than 10 µS is demonstrated. The fast sweep time enables improved time-resolved measurements of sensor events. The source also offers smaller size and cost.
The biobehavioral correlates of post-traumatic brain injury depression.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), typically resulting from vehicle accidents or acts of violence, is a major public health concern. Survivors often face lifelong impairments affecting functional status, cognition, and mood. Depression, the most common mood disorder affecting TBI survivors, most likely is underdiagnosed and presents differently than primary depression or depression after other brain insults. Unfortunately, few studies have been reported that advance theoretical perspectives on post-TBI depression. Currently, there is some evidence that neurochemical and anatomical changes contribute to post-TBI depression. Interpersonal factors, such as sense of belonging and social support, may contribute to the incidence of post-TBI depression. Because of limited theoretical viewpoints, advances have not been made in cost-effective and efficient interventions for this mood disorder, which prolongs rehabilitation and contributes to family suffering. Language: en
Computer modeling of prostate cancer treatment. A paradigm for oncologic management

This article discusses the relevance of computer modeling to the management of prostate cancer. Several computer modeling techniques are reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. An example that uses a computer model to compare alternative strategies for clinically localized prostate cancer is examined in detail. The quality of the data used in computer models is critical, and these models play an important role in medical decision making.
Hesitation phenomena and related encoding characteristics in speech and typewriting.

Intercorrelations among various hesitation phenomena, production variables, and message characteristics found in spoken responses were factor analysed in an attempt to establish a parsimonious description of basic attributes underlying encoding behaviour. For comparative purposes, a similar analysis was conducted on measures obtained from typewritten messages. The four factors found in the spoken messages were interpreted as : time spent in cognitive decision making, the amount of message produced, disruptions due to stress in the encoding situation, and degree of syntactic elaboration of sentences. Factors found in the analysis of typewritten messages only roughly approximated those found for speech. A subsequent analysis of part of speech frequencies in the two message types revealed additional syntactic distinctions between the two modes, distinctions which were attributed to the differential feedback conditions usually available in the different encoding situations.
Sites of Uptake and Expression of Cationic Liposome/DNA Complexes Injected Intravenously

Publisher Summary This chapter presents an overview of the molecular mechanisms regulating the uptake and expression of DNA delivered by cationic liposomes. Although cationic-liposome-based DNA delivery systems are being used in clinical and preclinical gene-therapy protocols, little is known about the distribution and cellular uptake of cationic liposomes in vivo. The research described in this chapter focuses on the fate of systemically administered cationic liposomes and liposome/DNA complexes in mice. This chapter emphasizes on determining which cells within an animal are able to internalize liposomes and complexes after intravenous administration and to what extent uptake correlates with expression of plasmid reporter genes delivered by liposome complexes. Several strategies have been used to pursue the objectives of this research. Primarily ﬂuorescent microscopy, both conventional and confocal, has been used. It is used to track the fate of ﬂuorescently labeled liposomes and DNA after intravenous delivery in mice. Also, electron microscopy is used to examine the intracellular fate of gold-labeled liposomes. In addition, several different reporter genes have been used to measure expression from plasmid DNA delivered to various cellular sites. Yet, it is just the beginning stage of understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating the uptake and expression of DNA delivered by cationic liposomes.
Screaming Her Way into the Hearts of Audiences: Dakota Fanning as Post-9/11 Child Star

In the waning years of the twentieth century, the American mind-set began to change, enveloped by a growing sense of uneasiness. In The Culture of Fear, Barry Glassner notes that although statistics showed that crime and violence were down and life expectancy was higher than ever, people remained afraid and pessimistic. “The final years of a millennium,” Glassner asserts, “provoke mass anxiety and ill reasoning … So momentous does the calendric change seem, the populace cannot keep its wits about it.”1 Foremost in people’s minds, in an age defined by computer technology, was the uncertainty of YK2: what would happen to our modern way of life if our online networks faltered? January 1, 2000, came and went without incident, but the arrival of a new millennium still triggered concern. The news media’s heightened reporting of isolated events such as school shootings, rare deadly diseases, and air disasters inflated people’s fears, making them feel vulnerable and unsafe.
Designing our future students: Introducing User Experience to teens through a UCD charette

In order to introduce high school students to the user-centered design process, our team created an outreach activity called the UCD charette. In this experience report, we share how we developed and implemented the charette. We provide background on the rationale and original goals of the charette. Next, we detail how we iteratively developed the workshop and piloted it with over 160 students, in 14 settings. To evaluate the effort, we collected and analyzed quantitative and qualitative assessment data from students, feedback from teachers, and our team's considerations of what worked well and what needed improvement. We conclude this report with reflections on the effort, limitations and our next steps for the project.
HIV care and treatment experiences among female sex workers living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review

Female sex workers (FSW) living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa have poor engagement to HIV care and treatment. Understanding the HIV care and treatment engagement experiences of FSW has important implications for interventions to enhance care and treatment outcomes. We conducted a systematic review to examine the HIV care experiences and determinants of linkage and retention in care, antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, and ART adherence and viral suppression among FSW living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. The databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Global Health, Psycinfo, Sociological Abstracts, and Popline were searched for variations of search terms related to sex work and HIV care and treatment among sub-Saharan African populations. Ten peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and August 2015 met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Despite expanded ART access, FSW in sub-Saharan Africa have sub-optimal HIV care and treatment engagement outcomes. St...
Abstract: Factors Influencing the Unethical Behavior of Business People

Corporate unethical behavior is nothing new. We are constantly bombarded with stories of managers engaging in illegal or unethical behavior. What is unknown are the reasons behind such behavior. Building upon Tenbrunsel and Messick’s (1999) work on ethical framing we investigate the boundary conditions on how we look at ethical decisions. Through a qualitative and quantitative study, we propose that when managers are put into a business frame, they are more likely to solve problems without an ethical view and thus engage in unethical behavior. More importantly, when we extend the business frame from a short-term to a long-term focus, we expect that business decisions would be more ethical. Further, how ethical the corporate culture is would moderate our decisions. Results indicate that ethical framing of problems do result in ethical outcomes, and that a corporate culture helps. However, the role of a strategic short-term and long-term frame is less understood, with managers using short-term business frames exhibiting more unethical behaviors, while long-term business frames are inconsistent in relation to short-term or ethical frames.
DD99: Elite verpflichtet – sie muss unten sein (September 2009)

Wer das Privileg geniest, in unserem Staate wirklich gut gebildet, ausgebildet und grosartig erzogen zu werden, der hat die Pflicht, sich wieder unter die zu gesellen, die auf nicht so gunstige Lebensumstande trafen, und ihnen zu helfen und sie zum Wohle aller zu fuhren. So lehrte es uns Platon in Der Staat. Heute, am 27. September 2009, gehen wir eine neue Regierung wahlen. Mir ist etwas bange.
Assessing College Students' Perceptions about Cigarette Smoking: Implications for Prevention.

ABSTRACTBackground: College students are susceptible to cigarette smoking initiation, and those who smoke are at risk for a lifetime addiction. Purpose: This study examined the differences in colle...
Explaining Coronal Reduction: Prosodic Structure and Articulatory Posture.

Consonant reduction is often treated as an allophonic process at the phonological planning level, with one production target (allophone) being substituted for another. We propose that, alternatively, reduction can be the result of an online process driven by prosodically conditioned durational variability and an invariant production target. We show that this approach can account for patterns of coronal stop (/t/, /d/, and /n/) production in both American English and Spanish. Contrary to effort-driven theories of reduction, we show that reduction does notdepend on changes to gestural stiffness. Moreover, we demonstrate how differences between and within a language in the particular articulatory postures used to produce different coronal stops automatically lead to reduction to what have normally been considered distinct allophones - coronal approximants ([ð]) and flaps ([ɾ]). In this way, our approach allows us to understand different outcomes of coronal stop reduction as the dynamic interaction of a single process (durationally driven undershoot) and variable spatial targets. We show that these patterns are reflected across a wide variety of languages, and show how alternative outcomes of reduction may fit within the same general framework.
Design, Modelling and Integration of a Flexible Universal Spatial Robotic Tail

This paper presents the novel design of a bioinspired robot capable of generating spatial loading relative to its base. By looking to nature at how animals utilize their tails, a bioinspired structure is developed that utilizes a redundant serial chain of rigid links to mimic the continuous deformation of a biological tail. Individual links are connected by universal joints to enable a spatial robot workspace capable of generating spatial loading comprised of pitch, yaw and roll direction contributions. Two sets of three cables are used to create two actuated segments along the robot. A dynamic model of the robot is derived using prescribed cable displacement trajectories as inputs to determine the resulting joint angle trajectories and cable tensions. Sensors are integrated on-board the robot to calculate joint angles and joint velocities in real-time for use in feedback control. The loading capabilities of the robot are analyzed, and an experimental prototype is integrated and demonstrated.
Commercial cannabis consumer products part 2: HPLC-DAD quantitative analysis of cannabis cannabinoids

The recent surge in the sale of cannabis-based consumer products in the US includes foods, candies, beverages, topicals, vapes/eliquids, oral supplements in various forms, recreational marijuana plants, and plant extracts or preparations. The wide variety of product and sample types has resulted in a host of new matrix interferences when conducting qualitative testing for the cannabis cannabinoids such as cannabidiol and d9-tetrahydrocannabinol. A qualitative GC-MS method is presented in this work, which uses a commercial 35% silphenylene phase to provide chromatographic resolution for 11 target cannabinoids as their trimethylsilyl derivatives (CBD, CBDA, d9THC, THCA, CBN, d8THC, CBG, CBGA, CBDV, THCV, and CBC). The method uses variants of ethanol- and acetonitrile-based extractants to successfully minimize or eliminate several types of interferents, and also provides protocols to address specific interferents such as glycerin and lactose. Method validation included spike/recovery for five cannabinoids of primary interest (spiking level 50μg/g) from a series of edible oils, foods, beverages, candies, topicals, oral OTC pharmaceuticals, glycerin, and propylene glycol. The minimum detectable concentration was established as 1.0μg/g. The method was applied to about sixty diverse commercial products, as well as to recreational marijuana plants, plant preparations, hempseed oils, and dronabinol capsules.
Use of algal monocultures by larvae of Hydroptila waubesiana and Oxyethira pallida (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae)

Larvae of the microcaddisflies Hydroptila waubesiana Betten and Oxyethira pallida (Banks) were given monocultures of eight genera of algae to test their suitability as food sources, and to investigate the degree of trophic specialization exhibited by these larvae. Only those larvae given green algae (Chlorophyta) survived and emerged as adults. Oxyethira pallida consumed Zygnema and Spirogyra, and exhibited the shortest larval-pupal period on Spirogyra (P < 0.05). Similarly, H. waubesiana consumed Zygnema and Cladophora, but exhibited the shortest larval-pupal period on Cladophora (P < 0.001). Diatoms and Hydrodictyon allowed H. waubesiana to attain partial growth only, while O. pallida did not consume either alga. Oscillatoria and Anabaena were not consumed by either species. The larvae of the two species tested appear to obtain adequate nourishment from only a narrow spectrum of algae, and one alga allowed significantly faster growth compared to the others tested in each case.
Sequence and genetic analyses of the 3' terminus and integration sites of the RIII/Sa mouse mammary tumor (MMTV) exogenous provirus.

The RIII/Sa mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is one of several exogenous MMTV viruses transmitted to suckling mice through the milk. We report herein the nucleotide sequence of the exogenous RIII/Sa provirus from the central Eco RI site through to the end of the U5 region encoded by the 3′ LTR. We also provide a detailed sequence analysis of ten different 3′ terminal exogenous MMTV proviral integration sites within mammary tumor DNA obtained by the technique of genome walking. Using a combination of Southern blotting with 3′ end probes and PCR utilizing a unique RIII/Sa specific 3′ primer, we confirm that the RIII/Sa provirus integrates multiple times in mouse mammary tumors but that little or no integration occurs in various normal tissues. Southern blotting analyses with 3′ end probes also indicate that RIII/Sa mice contain two additional endogenous MMTV loci, mtv-6 and mtv-17, not previously reported. The combined genetic analyses reported herein distinguish between exogenous proviral integrants and endogenous germline MMTV.
Is Suffering Good? An Explorative Study on the Religious Persecution among Chinese Pastors:

Human suffering is a major concern to the fields of psychology and theology; however, the effect of suffering is controversial to many. In this study, nine Chinese pastors, who had experienced reli...
Densities and Dielectric Constants of LPG Components and Mixtures at Cryogenic Storage Conditions

Accurate densities of light petroleum liquids are needed to convert volume measurements into mass. Cargo quantities are typically measured by volume, while the common basis for sale is the heating value. Knowledge of the volume, density, and composition allows computation of the heating value.
Aufbereitung mineralischer Rohstoffe – Chancen und Herausforderungen

Das Fachgebiet „Aufbereitung mineralischer Rohstoffe“ geht bis in die Fruhzeit menschlicher Zivilisation zuruck. Erze wurden schon vor Beginn der Zeitrechnung wirtschaftlich aufbereitet und Metalle daraus gewonnen. Ein Mann aus Sachsen publizierte einen der ersten wissenschaftlichen Texte zum Thema (Agricola 1556). Die Grundlagen der Freisetzung von wertvollem Material aus dem wertlosen Gestein (Gangmaterial) sowie die nachfolgende Trennung zur Konzentration der Wertbestandteile uber diverse physikalische und oberflachenchemische Prozesse sowie die chemischen Eigenschaften der Stoffe sind von Anbeginn die Leitlinien der Entwicklung.
DIREITO, ESTADO E A GOVERNANÇA GLOBAL: UMA ANALISE CRÍTICA ANTE A CONFIGURAÇÃO DE UMA SOCIEDADE INTERNACIONAL COMPLEXA

A globalizacao trouxe novos atores e niveis de producao juridica questionando a soberania do Estado, enfraquecendo a forca normativa das Constituicoes e promovendo a governanca global. O objetivo desse artigo e analisar de forma critica o papel do direito frente ao atual processo de globalizacao em um mundo cada vez mais absorvido por praticas de governanca global onde se observa casa vez mais a diminuicao da aplicacao de principios tipicamente de matriz constitucional na esfera juridica internacional. Realizou-se um estudo, com base em pesquisa bibliografica procurando identificar a discussao sobre a evolucao normativa das acoes de governanca global. Concluimos que a coexistencia de diferentes atores e instituicoes formais de governanca nao significa que o estado-nacao e as instituicoes intergovernamentais tenham perdido importância. O Estado nacao e uma constituicao historica, mas mutavel, e o monopolio, o exercicio da autoridade, nao pode ser a ele exclusivo em um mundo de caracteristicas cada vez mais complexas e interdependentes. Palavras chaves: Globalizacao. Soberania. Estado-Nacao. Constituicoes. Governanca.
Polynomial-product states: A symmetry-projection-based factorization of the full coupled cluster wavefunction in terms of polynomials of double excitations

Our goal is to remedy the failure of symmetry-adapted coupled-cluster theory in the presence of strong correlation. Previous work along these lines has taken us from a diagram-level analysis of the coupled-cluster equations to an understanding of the collective modes which can occur in various channels of the coupled-cluster equations to the exploration of non-exponential wavefunctions in efforts to combine coupled-cluster theory with symmetry projection. In this manuscript, we extend these efforts by introducing a new, polynomial product wavefunction ansatz that incorporates information from symmetry projection into standard coupled-cluster theory in a way that attempts to mitigate the effects of the lack of size extensivity and size consistency characteristic of symmetry-projected methods. We describe the new approach in detail within the context of our previous efforts, explore some illustrative calculations, and consider one route for reducing the computational cost of the new method.
Neuropsychological Profiles in Adolescents with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) (P03.040)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neuropsychological profiles in adolescents with POTS and cognitive dysfunction. BACKGROUND: Patients with POTS complain of cognitive symptoms, brain fog, and anxiety that may contribute to severe functional disability. To date, there are no published neuropsychological profiles of patients with POTS. DESIGN/METHODS: We reviewed the neuropsychological data of 6 adolescents with frequent symptoms of orthostatic intolerance for >3 months and increased HR of ≥40 or HR of ≥120 bpm minutes within 10 minutes of active standing or tilt, who were evaluated at a tertiary care Pediatric Neurology Clinic. All underwent a 6-hour neuropsychological evaluation utilizing well-standardized measures of cognitive and emotional functioning: WISC-IV/WAIS – IV, WRAML-2, Connors9 CPT-II, and Clinical Assessment of Depression. RESULTS: One patient had an antecedent H1N1 infection, and no etiology was found in 5. Four patients were not in a formal school setting secondary to their cognitive symptoms. All patients reported significant difficulty concentrating. All but one endorsed significant problems with processing speed or “brain fog.” Two complained of “brain fatigue” and one reported anxiety. Clinically reported symptoms of poor concentration and difficulty processing information differed dramatically from the patients9 performance on standardized measures of sustained attention, processing speed, and memory. Despite the fact that many were not attending school due to clinically–reported symptoms of inattention and “brain fog”, all patients9 scores on measures of processing speed, attention, working memory, and verbal memory were within the Average to Above Average range. CONCLUSIONS: While adolescents with POTS often endorse debilitating cognitive and psychiatric symptoms, formal testing reveals no neuropsychological deficits. This preliminary finding indicates the necessity of further study to elucidate the bases for this disparity. Investigations looking at parental and adolescents9 reactions to the diagnosis of POTS and assessment of the relationships between medical symptoms, parenting style, and pre-morbid emotional functioning seem warranted. Supported by: Baylor College of Medicine. Disclosure: Dr. Jarjour has nothing to disclose. Dr. Evankovich has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hernandez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jarjour has nothing to disclose.
Arbitrary Foveation in Compressive Imaging Utilizing the STOne Transform

We demonstrate a method of compressive single-pixel im aging that allows for spatial foveation anywhere in the image, determined after data acquisition, using the Sum-To-One Transform. We also show a novel method of generating fast L2 previews from Sum-To-One pattern measurements.
Single to Multiple Site Behavior of Metallocenes through C–H Activation for Olefin Polymerization: A Mechanistic Insight from DFT

Density functional theory has been used to study single to multiple site behavior of metallocene catalysts for olefin polymerization using (CpPr)2Hf(R)2 and (CpPr)2Zr(R)2 (here, R = Me and n-butyl ...
Structured sequences and matrix ranks

We consider infinite sequences from a field and all matrices whose rows consist of distinct consecutive subsequences. We show that these matrices have bounded rank if and only if the sequence is a homogeneous linear recurrence; moreover, it is a k -term linear recurrence if and only if the maximum rank is k . This means, in particular, that the ranks of matrices from the sequence of primes are unbounded. Though not all matrices from the primes have full rank, because of the Green–Tao theorem, we conjecture that square matrices whose entries are a consecutive sequence of primes do have full rank.
Comparative immunological studies of tumor-associated Lewis X, Lewis Y, and KH-1 antigens

Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens Lewis X (Lex), Lewis Y (Ley), and KH-1 are useful targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this regard, an insight into the structure-immunogenicity relationships of these antigens is important but this has not been systematically investigated yet. In the current study, Lex, Ley, and KH-1 antigens with a lactose unit at the reducing end as a spacer were synthesized and coupled with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) protein. Immunological evaluations of the resultant conjugates revealed that they all could elicit robust immune responses whilst the Ley conjugate could provoke the highest titers of total and IgG antibodies. The binding assays of their antisera to each antigen and to cancer cells showed that each antiserum had extensive cross-reaction with all three antigens as protein conjugates and strong but somewhat antigen-selective binding towards MCF-7 cancer cell. Moreover, none of these antisera had obvious binding to SKMEL-28 cancer cell that does not express Lex, Ley and KH-1. The results of assays of these antisera to mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) to MCF-7 and SKMEL-28 cancer cells were very similar to the results of binding assays. Thus, it was concluded that all three antigens could form effective conjugate vaccines whereas the Ley conjugate induced the most robust immune responses and the antiserum of Lex had the highest binding and cytotoxicity to target cancer cells. In addition, as the antibodies induced by each antigen had extensive cross-reaction with other two antigens, either Lex or Ley or the two combined can be utilized to formulate effective conjugate vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Another paradigm-shifting discovery of this study is that the presentation of Lex, Ley, and KH-1 antigens on cancer cell can be different from that in synthetic conjugates, which should be taken into consideration during the design and optimization of related cancer vaccines or immunotherapies.
Basic principles of viscoelastic testing.

Background Viscoelastic testing is a method of hemostatic analysis that provides a real-time, holistic view of ex vivo clotting. It allows for examination of both cellular and plasma protein contributions to clotting including platelet number and function, fibrin(ogen) function, and coagulation factor function. The method assesses physical clot properties during the transition of blood from a liquid to a gel state, either by measurement of clot shear modulus using physical force transduction or by measurement of clot resonance frequency using sonometric interrogation. Results are reported in a live trace, with different trace parameters reflecting different contributors to hemostasis. These reported parameters vary between testing platforms. Results In the United States, there are several commonly used Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved viscoelastic instruments available on the market. Those instruments that use sonometric clot assessment are more recently available and allow for improved portability for use near the patient's bedside. These instruments generally feature different reagent kits that allow more specific interrogation of different hemostatic pathways. Viscoelastic testing can predict the results of traditional plasma-based coagulation assays and has the added benefit of detecting hypercoagulability and severe hyperfibrinolysis. Implementation of viscoelastic testing in many clinical settings is becoming widespread and has proven to be efficacious in reducing blood transfusion rates in many settings. An impact on overall mortality and morbidity has not yet been demonstrated. Conclusion This article provides a narrative review of the basic principles of viscoelastic testing, including the science and technology behind the method, as well as currently available testing platforms and reagents.