cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Gaoping District of Nanchong City,2008-2011

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Gaoping district,Nanchong city in 2008-2011 and to explore the prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was employed to analyze the reported data.Results Totally 318 cases of HFMD were reported in the period,with an average annual incidence rate of 14.84/105.Among which,there were 2 severe cases and no deaths.The high incidence period was within 4-7th month of the year,accounting for 62.58% of the total number.The age distribution was mainly in 5-10 years old,accounting for 96.23% of the total.The sex ratio was 2.06:1(men to women).Seven cases were confirmed in laboratory,with 1 EV71 positive case.Conclusion The epidemical characteristics of the HFMD in the area are of apparent seasonal and more male than female.Pertinent measures such as health education should be put forward to vulnerable populations,e.g.scattered and kindergarten children.
Inspiration from Keyuan garden to modern landscape architecture

This paper analyzes thought,layout characteristics,and design logos of Keyuan garden,points out the existing problem of landscape architecture in Dongguan city,and announces that Keyuan Garden has very important inspiration for modern gardening.
JOB TRAINING PLACEMENT FOR RETARDED YOUTH.

A survey was made to determine the types of jobs to which educable retarded youth were assigned for on-the-job training. It was based on the first year operation of the Texas state-wide Cooperative Program of Special Education-Vocational Rehabilitation in the public schools. Data received from 60 percent of the participating school districts provided information concerning 436 pupils who were assigned to 99 different jobs. The jobs were distributed among ten categories and one miscellaneous group. Findings of this study suggest diverse job training opportunities for educable retarded youth.
Talk and Let Talk:Effects of Language Proficiency on Speaking Up and Expertise Recognition in Team

Collaboration within multinational teams necessitates the adoption of a common language, typically English, which often leads to significant differences in language proficiency across members. In t...
Antenatal steroid reduces neonatal mortality and morbidity in premature infants

P delivery is the leading cause of perinatal death. The most common cause of deaths among preterm neonates is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The incidence and severity of RDS show an inverse relationship with gestational age. Some of the glucocorticoid hormones are capable of crossing the placenta and trigger the maturational process that leads to the production and release of surfactant into the alveoli of the fetal lung. There is evidence to suggest that antenatal steroid use is an effective treatment method to reduce risk of RDS. In addition, the studies showed that, it is also an effective prevention tool for other complications of prematurity such as intra-ventricular hemorrhage (IVH). A recent publication showed that treatment of women at risk of preterm birth with a single course of antenatal steroids reduced the risk of neonatal death by 31%, RDS by 44% and IVH by 46%. Antenatal steroid use is also associated with a reduction in necrotising enterocolitis, respiratory support, intensive care admissions and systemic infections in the first 48 hours of life compared with no treatment or treatment with placebo. Antenatal steroid use reduces neonatal death even when infants are born less than 24 hours after the first dose has been given. Long term follow up studies proved that antenatal steroid use is also safe. A randomized controlled trial showed that children who had been exposed to repeat as compared with single courses of antenatal corticosteroids did not differ significantly in physical or neuro-cognitive measures. Long-term follow-up of survivors from randomized trials of antenatal steroid therapy through childhood to adulthood (up to 20 years of age) shows no clear adverse neurological or cognitive effects.
Where’s the beef? Food supply at an antebellum frontier post

The range of sources used by the American frontier military for food supplies in the period immediately preceding the Civil War is examined. The discussion focuses on material (particularly the faunal remains) excavated from the site of Cantonment Burgwin (1852–1860), an army post located in north-central New Mexico on the western margin of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains (southern Rockies). Archival data are drawn both from sources associated directly with the post as well as from sources associated with the larger Department of New Mexico military command. Although a paucity of provenience information for the faunal data hampers the inferences which can be made, it is provisionally concluded that opportunistic purchasing on the local market combined with a primary subsistence base strongly tied to the East helped insure survival of the post in the antebellum Southwest.
Negligence and the “Classroom” Teacher

(1969). Negligence and the “Classroom” Teacher. The Journal of Business Education: Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 63-64.
Coupling of reactive riverine phosphorus and iron species during hot transport moments: impacts of land cover and seasonality

Spring runoff often comprises the majority of annual discharge and riverine phosphorus (P) export due to sustained high flow, and the magnitude of spring runoff can be a strong predictor of receiving water summer harmful algal bloom severity. Yet the loading of reactive forms of P during this time period remains poorly-characterized in time, space and geochemical partitioning. Here, we explore the hypothesis that riverine dissolved and suspended sediment P loads during spring runoff have a particularly high proportion of potentially reactive species due to unique hydrologic pathways and P association with iron (Fe).The concentration, distribution and temporal dynamics of dissolved P (DP), dissolved and colloidal Fe, and redox sensitive suspended sediment P (RSP) and Fe during spring runoff and summer storms were compared in forested and agricultural catchments of the same watershed. The dominant carrier of RSP was Fe (oxy)hydroxides across land cover and season, but Fe (oxy)hydroxide particles and colloids in agricultural catchments were strongly enriched in RSP and DP during spring runoff and summer storms, particularly at the onset of snowmelt. In 2014, 83% of DP and 74% of RSP were delivered to Missisquoi Bay during spring runoff. Suspended sediment was significantly more redox sensitive than typically input to limnological models, suggesting that the reactivity of this load may be systematically underestimated. Changes in the timing, provenance and severity of spring runoff associated with climate or land cover change will have dramatic impacts on total riverine P loads and their potential reactivity in receiving water ecosystems.
The Levellers and the English Revolution, 1648–1649

The stories of civilian Levellers and disgruntled soldiers during and after the 1648 resumption of civil war were entangled but distinct. The Levellers’ promotion of consensual government through the petition of 11 September 1648 was long remembered. Levellers and radical soldiers alike opposed parliamentary negotiations for settlement through a treaty with Charles I. The army grandees acceded to Leveller participation in their efforts to achieve settlement, but after the army’s purge of parliament, Levellers and army officers produced different versions of an Agreement of the People. As the English Revolution took institutional shape following the trial and execution of the king, the proclamation of the Commonwealth, and the failure of the Rump Parliament to implement an Agreement, the Levellers worked for truly representative government.
Predicting terminal ballistics using an iterative application of an artificial neural network

The need to accurately predict the terminal ballistics of kinetic energy projectiles in Vulnerability/Lethality models is of paramount importance to the U.S. Department of Defense. In previous work, an artificial neural network was trained on a set of 1,877 data points to predict perforation, residual velocity, and residual mass of a kinetic energy projectile impacting a target consisting of a single homogeneous-monolithic-metallic element. The capability of that neural network was extended to handle targets consisting of multiple homogeneous-monolithic-metallic elements by iteratively applying the artificial neural network on each element in the target and using the predicted residual properties as inputs for the next element. The performance of that approach is analyzed against a phenomenological model that is currently used by the U.S. Department of Defense for modeling the terminal ballistics of kinetic energy projectiles. For completeness, the performance of the neural network against single element targets is also revisited since more data are now available.
‘How Much a Dollar Cost?’ Political Ideology, Religion, and Poverty Policy Through the Lens of Kendrick Lamar’s Music

The election of Donald Trump to President of the United States casts in stark relief the ideals of a portion of his base — white evangelical voters — and his policies as they impact the working-class and poor. The Christian ethos has long-been typified by concern for “the least of these,” at least in theory. Paradoxically, white evangelical voters lined-up behind, and continue to do so, a man with little regard for the working-class or poor. In fact, his policies reflect such. This article highlights that paradox — the notion that (1) Christians are supposed to care about the poor and downtrodden; (2) political conservatives often score higher on metrics of religious attitudes than liberals; and (3) but in practice, political conservatives often embrace attitudes and policies that are harmful to the working-class and poor. This paradox is analyzed through the lens of rapper, Kendrick Lamar’s song “How Much a Dollar Cost?”
Channel estimation in OFDM: Interpolation versus ESPRIT

Use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been popular, especially in wireless channels, due to its ability to perform frequency-domain channel equalization. Estimating channel frequency response is essential to successful data recovery. In this paper, we compare traditional estimation methods using interpolation among pilot measurements to a parametric model (PM)-based channel estimation. This PM-based technique uses the ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters by Rotational Invariance Techniques) method to estimate time delays of multiple paths in the channel. Then a least-squares estimator is used to estimate the channel frequency response. Though this subspace method is computationally more expensive, experimental results show that it performs much better than traditional interpolation techniques.
Computational aspects of kinetic analysis. Part C. The ICTAC Kinetics Project — the light at the end of the tunnel?

Abstract The paper discusses the kinetic results, which the participants in the ICTAC Kinetics Project have produced from the provided isothermal and nonisothermal data on a hypothetical simulated process, as well as on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The majority of the participants have applied various model-free techniques that employ multiple sets of isothermal or/and nonisothermal data obtained at different temperatures or/and at different heating rates. These ‘multi-set’ methods have been very successful in detecting multi-step kinetics in the data provided. Fitting data to multi-step kinetic models has allowed the ‘true mechanism’ to be guessed for the simulated data. For the real data, the mechanistic guesses happened to be uncertain. Various ‘multi-set’ methods have allowed fairly consistent values of the Arrhenius parameters to be derived from isothermal and nonisothermal data.
Stealing from Thieves: Expropriation Risk, Firm Governance, and Performance

We examine firm governance choices and firm valuation in the presence of expropriation risk. We argue that firms have fewer incentives to practice good governance and disclose more information when the state is likely to expropriate firm profits. We empirically confirm our arguments using several comprehensive panel data sets on governance, disclosure practices, and earnings management for companies around the world. To address endogeneity concerns, we apply a difference-in-difference approach and show that firms in industries that are subject to greater risks of expropriation practice worse governance, disclose less information, and manage earnings more. Furthermore, expropriation risk lowers firm value by 3.69% directly and by 2.81% through the deterioration in firm governance.
miR-122 inhibition in a human liver organoid model leads to liver inflammation, necrosis, steatofibrosis and dysregulated insulin signaling

To investigate the role of miR-122 in the development and regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in vitro, we used multicellular 3D human liver organoids developed in our laboratory. These organoids consist of primary human hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, quiescent stellate cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. They remain viable and functional for 4 weeks expressing typical markers of liver function such as synthesis of albumin, urea, and alpha-1 p450 drug metabolism. Before mixing, hepatic cells were transduced with lentivirus to inhibit miR122 expression (ABM, CA). Immediately after the organoids were fully formed (day 4) or after 1 or 2 weeks of additional incubation (days 11 or 18), the organoids were analyzed using fluorescent live/dead staining and ATP production; total RNA was extracted for qPCR gene expression profiling. Our results show that miR-122 inhibition in liver organoids leads to inflammation, necrosis, steatosis and fibrosis. This was associated with increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL6, TNF), chemokines (CCL2, CCL3) and increase in a subset of Matrix Metaloproteinases (MMP8, MMP9). An altered expression of key genes in lipid metabolism (i.e LPL, LDLR) and insulin signaling (i.e GLUT4, IRS1) was also identified. Conclusion: Our results highlight the role of miR-122 inhibition in liver inflammation, steatofibrosis and dysregulation of insulin signaling. Patients with NAFLD are known to have altered levels of miR-122, therefore we suggest that miR-122 mimics could play a useful role in reversing liver steatofibrosis and insulin resistance seen in patients with NAFLD.
Attachment Quality and Post-treatment Functioning Following Sexual Trauma in Young Adolescents: A Case Series Presentation

Children and adolescents who suffer sexual abuse evidence symptoms that may persist into adulthood. Attachment theory may lend some insight into the psychological sequelae following sexual trauma. A clinical case series presents four sexually abused young adolescents from the first author's clinical caseload. Each case is rated regarding the quality of attachment, the severity of trauma, and the child's functioning at the time of follow-up. Ratings are made by the first author and qualified by a second clinician who is familiar with each case. Findings suggest that those youngsters who had the benefit of a strong and secure attachment evidence more positive outcome at follow-up.
Performance Analysis of Gyroscope and Accelerometer Sensors for Seismocardiography-Based Wearable Pre-Ejection Period Estimation

Objective: Systolic time intervals, such as the pre-ejection period (PEP), are important parameters for assessing cardiac contractility that can be measured non-invasively using seismocardiography (SCG). Recent studies have shown that specific points on accelerometer- and gyroscope-based SCG signals can be used for PEP estimation. However, the complex morphology and inter-subject variation of the SCG signal can make this assumption very challenging and increase the root mean squared error (RMSE) when these techniques are used to develop a global model. Methods: In this study, we compared gyroscope- and accelerometer-based SCG signals, individually and in combination, for estimating PEP to show the efficacy of these sensors in capturing valuable information regarding cardiovascular health. We extracted general time-domain features from all the axes of these sensors and developed global models using various regression techniques. Results: In single-axis comparison of gyroscope and accelerometer, angular velocity signal around head to foot axis from the gyroscope provided the lowest RMSE of 12.63 ± 0.49 ms across all subjects. The best estimate of PEP, with a RMSE of 11.46 ± 0.32 ms across all subjects, was achieved by combining features from the gyroscope and accelerometer. Our global model showed 30% lower RMSE when compared to algorithms used in recent literature. Conclusion: Gyroscopes can provide better PEP estimation compared to accelerometers located on the mid-sternum. Global PEP estimation models can be improved by combining general time domain features from both sensors. Significance: This work can be used to develop a low-cost wearable heart-monitoring device and to generate a universal estimation model for systolic time intervals using a single- or multiple-sensor fusion.
William timberlake: An ethologist’s psychologist

Abstract William Timberlake was one of several psychologists who, in the wake of traditional learning theory, aimed to develop an improved theoretical basis for the study of learning via greater incorporation of ecology and evolution. In this short biography, I place Timberlake’s varied work in historical context. Originally trained as a neoHullian behaviorist, Timberlake sought to integrate the laboratory approach and methodological rigor of behaviorism, with the ethologist’s interest in the animal as such. Starting at Indiana University in 1969, he stayed there his entire professional career, where he was one of the founders of the university’s internationally recognized Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior. He is best known for his behavior systems theory, which characterizes animal behavior as an evolved complex hierarchically organized system. Timberlake has also made diverse contributions to the study of reinforcement, explanations of superstitious behavior and misbehavior, and the understanding of circadian rhythms and their modification, among other areas.
Culturally Responsive Consultation Among Practicing School Psychologists

School-based consultation has garnered increasing attention relevant to culturally responsive practice in school psychology. Although prior research has investigated school psychologists’ experienc...
Beyond the Phenotype: A Pediatric Case Series of Seizure and EEG Characteristics in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by deletion of a portion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (del 4p16.3). Aside from the many phenotypic abnormalities common in WHS, seizures are seen in the vast majority of the patients and are a potentially treatable cause of significant morbidity especially in the younger age group. Currently, however, little information is available regarding the associated seizure phenotypes, electroencephalographic (EEG) features, and seizure/epilepsy outcomes. This case series highlights the seizure phenotypes and EEG findings in three patients with WHS.
THE AUTOLINE : A MISSING LINK IN CITY TO CITY TRANSPORTATION

The Autoline (automated highway) is presented as a possible solution to short haul intercity transportation. Travel times are presented which compare subsonic jet travel versus automated highways.
Identification of Geotechnical-Related Problems Impacting Cost, Schedule, and Claims on Bridge Construction Projects

AbstractChanges made during the construction period generally generate claims, cost overruns, and schedule delays. Although there are publications relating to these concerns, because of geotechnica...
Mental Health, Social Support, and Coping among Military Veterans: The Moderating Role of Arrests

Mental health is a pressing issue for justice-involved veterans, yet it remains unclear how protective factors (i.e., self-efficacy and social support) relate to veterans’ psychiatric symptoms. Vet...
A note of appreciation for the 2019 Rhetoric Society of America Project in Power, Place, and Publics at the University of Nevada, Reno

University of Nevada, Reno Executive Vice President and Provost expresses his appreciation to organizers of and participants in the 2019 Rhetoric Society of America Project in Power, Place, and Pub...
A geometric framework to predict structure from function in neural networks

Neural computation in biological and artificial networks relies on nonlinear synaptic integration. The structural connectivity matrix of synaptic weights between neurons is a critical determinant of overall network function, but quantitative links between neural network structure and function are complex and subtle. For example, many networks can give rise to similar functional responses, and the same network can function differently depending on context. Whether certain patterns of synaptic connectivity are required to generate specific network-level computations is largely unknown. Here we introduce a geometric framework for identifying synaptic connections required by steady-state responses in recurrent networks of rectified-linear neurons. Assuming that the number of specified response patterns does not exceed the number of input synapses, we analytically calculate the solution space of all feedforward and recurrent connectivity matrices that can generate the specified responses from the network inputs. A generalization accounting for noise further reveals that the solution space geometry can undergo topological transitions as the allowed error increases, which could provide insight into both neuroscience and machine learning. We ultimately use this geometric characterization to derive certainty conditions guaranteeing a non-zero synapse between neurons. Our theoretical framework could thus be applied to neural activity data to make rigorous anatomical predictions that follow generally from the model architecture.
Self-Limited Epilepsies in Childhood

Identification of epilepsy electroclinical syndromes is important to determine potential etiologies, preferred treatments, possible comorbidities, and expected outcomes. However, atypical features can make classification challenging but does not exclude classification. Childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes is a self-limited and pharmaco-responsive epilepsy. However, there are many overlapping features with childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathies, such as Landau-Kleffner syndrome and epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike-and-wave during sleep syndromes. Therefore, a careful history and additional evaluation are warranted for children who present with atypical features.
The economic implications of supplemental fat usage in diets of growing turkeys

25 INTRODUCTION 26 OBJECTIVE 28 THE MODEL 29 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32 APPLICATIONS 38 REFERENCES 40
Empathy in the shift to digital

Four scholars provide their perspectives in response to Tracey and Hutchinson’s (Educ Technol Res Dev 67(5):1259–1272, 2019) article describing the utilization of an empathic design framework. Researchers investigated the association between designers' imagined cognitive and emotional experiences of their learners and the actual learners’ representation of the final designed activity.
Partial Replacement of Cement with Coconut Husk Ash: A Review

Concrete is a strong building material holding fine aggregate and coarse aggregate bonded together with cement paste. Portland cement manufacturing can cause environmental impact at whole stages of the process including emission of huge amount of carbon dioxide. Use of agricultural waste as a coarse material for the production of concrete will reduce the expenditure of natural raw materials as resource and reduce the amount of solid waste in the environment. Due to the increasing cost of cement, it is now becoming unaffordable to use. Other binding materials are being used instead of cement, and one such agricultural waste is coconut husk ash (CHA). CHA is obtained by the burning of coconut husk at high temperatures. This paper covers the chemical properties and application of coconut husk ash. It deals with the effect of CHA on setting time, workability, compressive strength and porosity of concrete.
Hydropower Development, Collective Action, and Environmental Justice in the Brazilian Amazon

The Brazilian Amazon has long served as a site of infrastructure development and natural resource extraction. Development projects including dams and mines have largely benefited distant urban acto...
When does pretraining help?: assessing self-supervised learning for law and the CaseHOLD dataset of 53,000+ legal holdings

While self-supervised learning has made rapid advances in natural language processing, it remains unclear when researchers should engage in resource-intensive domain-specific pretraining (domain pretraining). The law, puzzlingly, has yielded few documented instances of substantial gains to domain pretraining in spite of the fact that legal language is widely seen to be unique. We hypothesize that these existing results stem from the fact that existing legal NLP tasks are too easy and fail to meet conditions for when domain pretraining can help. To address this, we first present CaseHOLD (Case Holdings On Legal Decisions), a new dataset comprised of over 53,000+ multiple choice questions to identify the relevant holding of a cited case. This dataset presents a fundamental task to lawyers and is both legally meaningful and difficult from an NLP perspective (F1 of 0.4 with a BiLSTM baseline). Second, we assess performance gains on CaseHOLD and existing legal NLP datasets. While a Transformer architecture (BERT) pretrained on a general corpus (Google Books and Wikipedia) improves performance, domain pretraining (on a corpus of ≈3.5M decisions across all courts in the U.S. that is larger than BERT's) with a custom legal vocabulary exhibits the most substantial performance gains with CaseHOLD (gain of 7.2% on F1, representing a 12% improvement on BERT) and consistent performance gains across two other legal tasks. Third, we show that domain pretraining may be warranted when the task exhibits sufficient similarity to the pretraining corpus: the level of performance increase in three legal tasks was directly tied to the domain specificity of the task. Our findings inform when researchers should engage in resource-intensive pretraining and show that Transformer-based architectures, too, learn embeddings suggestive of distinct legal language.
The future of aging in smart environments: Four scenarios of the United States in 2050

Abstract The population of the United States is getting older. Unlike other countries with aging populations, however, the state of aging in the United States is in crisis. Healthcare and social reforms will likely be necessary in the coming decades to address structural issues with retirement, socio-economic inequality, and the high cost of healthcare. In the meantime, AI-enabled smart technologies and environments are being rapidly developed to assist overwhelmed caretakers, enable access to healthcare providers, address isolation and depression among older adults, and provide mobility to and from essential services in sprawling suburbs and rural areas. This study utilizes a participatory, intuitive logics approach to construct scenarios of aging in smart environments in 2050 that illuminate the uncertainties, challenges, and opportunities presented by the coming confluence of two mega trends: an aging population and increasingly sensed people and environments. The results include four scenarios including descriptions and key features, and with narratives available in the appendix. In the discussion, we reflect on five provocations distilled from expert interviews to illustrate what aging might look like in 2050 from a variety of socio-economic vantage points and mediated by technological capabilities and arrangements born of differing policy, economic, and societal conditions.
Enhanced medium chain length-polyhydroxyalkanoate production by co-fermentation of lignin and holocellulose hydrolysates

Biological lignin conversion to medium chain length-polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) has recently emerged as an attractive alternative to petroleum-based plastics due to the renewable nature of lignin and the value-added applications of mcl-PHA. Previous reports suggested that addition of limited glucose can improve mcl-PHA accumulation in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 grown in lignin substrates. Herein, we propose a biorefinery process to systematically release lignin and sugars from lignocellulosic biomass and evaluate the potential of co-utilization of all biomass components for conversion to mcl-PHA. Our results indicate that a sequential treatment composed of acid pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and alkaline treatment produces a suitable lignin stream for mcl-PHA production in engineered P. putida. In addition, the PHA titer could be increased by 71% when the lignin stream (AH) was combined with the enzymatic hydrolysate (EH) at a ratio of 75 : 25. Higher ratios of EH : AH negatively affect mcl-PHA accumulation as well as mixtures with sugars from the acid hydrolysate. The optimization of the fermentation conditions, including the inoculum (OD600) and substrate (soluble solid content (SSC)), was carried out by a central composite design. The optimal conditions were achieved at OD600 = 2.17 and SSC = 68.28 g L−1. Under these conditions, the titer increased 4.3 fold, achieving a mcl-PHA production of 1.38 g L−1. Lignin characterization before and after fermentation by nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography showed that p-coumarates were mainly consumed during the fermentation for mcl-PHA production. Overall, this biorefinery strategy allowed us to increase mcl-PHA production by utilizing the different lignocellulosic fractions. Unlike previous studies, no model substrates were utilized at any stage of the fermentation process, representing a step forward towards process feasibility.
Coupled influence of wettability alteration and geometry on two-phase flow in porous media

Abstract The objective of this paper is to investigate the interplay between wettability alteration and domain geometry in influencing the pore-scale displacement and trapping mechanisms of two-phase flow in porous media. A new wettability alteration algorithm is introduced to quantify and track the spatial and temporal variability of the wettability state of every pore. Simulations in an initially oil-wet domain are conducted using the lattice Boltzmann model while utilizing the wettability alteration algorithm to capture the new wettability states. The simulations are then resumed under the new generated wettability states to investigate the coupled impacts of wettability alteration and domain topology on the resulting pore-scale displacement behavior. We observe varying degrees of improvements in the oil phase fractional flow as the wettability state is varied towards water-wet conditions influenced by the domain geometry, capillary number, and phase saturation. Significant heterogeneity, increased surface roughness, and the prevalence of narrower pore spaces in the rock sample in comparison to the spherepack increase the percentage of trapped oil ganglia. As a result, wettability alteration results in varying degrees of oil remobilization events, followed by coalescence with the main flow path, especially at higher capillary numbers. Moreover, oil phase fractional flow at higher oil saturation becomes influenced primarily by the increased phase connectivity, and improvements due to wettability alteration become less significant. Similar displacement mechanisms are observed in both domains, controlled primarily by the wettability distribution and the local pore geometry. However, the resulting flow pathways, which dictate the overall flow behavior, are controlled by the frequency of various displacement mechanisms and are a function of the domain geometry. The observations in this study highlight the complex interactions between wettability heterogeneity and pore geometry in influencing pore-scale two-phase flow. The wettability alteration algorithm introduced can be used to optimize pore-scale displacement processes by providing a framework to track the locations and the relative degree of wettability alteration, enable automatic wettability alteration, and detect trapped ganglia without the need for post-processing.
Derivation Ranges: Open Problems

For A in the algebra B(H) of bounded linear operators on a separable complex Hilbert space H the corresponding inner derivation δA on B(H) is given by δA(X)=AX−XA. If dim H<∞ then (*) B(H)=R(δA)⊗{A*}′ is the orthogonal direct sum of the range of δA and the commutant of A* with respect to the inner product (X,Y)=trace (XY*). This simple formula suggests that R(δA) is just as natural a subspace of B(H) as its orthogonal complement {A*}′ and hence is worthy of its own investigation.
The Search for Reconciliation: When East Meets West: Postwar German-Polish Reconciliation

Germany and Poland, the two Central and Eastern European neighbors, experienced enduring, traumatic conflicts with one another in modern history, which culminated in the immensely destructive World War II. After the war, the danger of military confrontation continued to haunt the two countries as they were separately allied with the United States and the Soviet Union. However insurmountable the historical and structural hurdles to reconciliation between these countries seemed to be, their relationship began to improve starting in the early 1970s and approached the stage of deep reconciliation in the 1990s. I argue that German-Polish reconciliation to a significant extent can be attributed to the institutional measures of historical settlement that began in the 1970s, including German restitution to Poland and bilateral cooperation among historians. Endorsed at a time when the systemic conditions turned favorable, these efforts nurtured a positive mutual image and trust that cushioned the impact of negative international conditions in the 1980s and paved the way for eventual reconciliation between the unified Germany and Poland after the Cold War. This chapter begins with an introduction of the historical background of German-Polish relations and divides the reconciliation process after WWII into four periods. Subsequent sections apply realist and national mythmaking theories to each period and assess their relative explanatory power.
Common Issues Faced by Children and Families in Intercountry Adoption

Families who adopt children internationally are faced with a number of concerns about the child’s development, behavior, and overall health and wellbeing. Pre-adoption placement settings (i.e., institution vs foster care) each have their own set of circumstances that can contribute to the developmental outcomes of the child. Increasingly, children who are adopted internationally are older in age and often have special healthcare needs, including neurodevelopmental disabilities and medical conditions, such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and Attachment Disorders. Children with developmental disabilities and special healthcare needs require significant developmental interventions and behavior supports when they are preparing to enter school. Primary care providers are encouraged to educate families who are considering intercountry adoption about the potential unique challenges they may face.
EPR Spectra and Kinetics of some Carbonyloxyl Radicals, XCO 2 .

We have demonstrated that aroyloxyl,1 ArCO2 . and alkoxycarbonyloxyl,2 ROCO2 ., radicals can be generated by laser flash photolysis (LFP) of appropriate peroxides and tert-butyl peresters and that the kinetic behaviour of these radicals can be monitored via a broad absorption they possess in the visible region of the spectrum. The lifetimes of some of these radicals were sufficiently great as to suggest that certain XCO2 . might be observable by conventional EPR spectroscopy during continuous UV irradiation of suitable precursors in solution at low temperatures.
Efficient Points in Location Problems.

Abstract Much of the literature involving the location of one or more new facilities in the plane is concerned with minimizing a single objective function. In this paper we consider the problem of generating the efficient set of locations for a single facility where it is important that the facility be located as close as possible to each of a number of existing facilities whose locations are known. We concentrate on the notion of distance commonly referred to as the l1 norm, the Manhattan norm, or the city-block norm but results for other norms are given also. We develop properties of the efficient set and present two separate procedures for generating the efficient set.
An FFT-based fault tolerant FIR adaptive filter

The FFT-based TDFTAF has been shown to have desirable structural and convergence properties when being trained with a white noise input signal. However, for colored noise training signals, which frequently arise in adaptive filtering scenarios, some of the good convergence properties do not hold. In this paper we demonstrate the convergence behavior of the FFT-based TDFTAF with colored noise input signals and provide a computationally efficient method to address the poor convergence rate problem. >
Methods used in the gross anatomy lab to facilitate learning by first-year students in a new Physician Assistant Program (722.1)

The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences opened a new Physician Assistant (PA) Program in its College of Health Professions in the summer of 2013 with 26 students. This small class size ensured more individualized faculty-student interaction that greatly facilitated the learning. Unlike most gross anatomy courses that use a regional approach, the PA students were taught with a system-based approach. During the weekly 3-hour lab sessions, anatomical structures were demonstrated on four prosected cadavers. Four second-year medical students were enlisted to prepare these prosections, each of which required about 100 hours of dissection time. During scheduled lab sessions the PA students identified relevant structures using the prescribed atlas and with the help of 3 faculty members. A dedicated lab area (740 sq. ft.) was designated for the study of anatomical models, bones, previously dissected regional specimens and cross sections. A lab incentive program (LIP) was introduced to keep the students foc...
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: effect of water on activity and selectivity for a cobalt catalyst

The addition of water to the syngas (H2O/CO = 0.74) feed for an unsupported cobalt catalyst utilized in a CSTR, where all of the catalyst is exposed to a common feed composition, resulted in an increase in CO conversion. Conversion remains constant during a three-day period, showing that the promotional effect was not of a transitory nature. At the same time the CO hydrogenation increased, the hydrogenation to produce methane decreased as did the secondary hydrogenation of ethene. The addition of higher fractions of H2O/CO led to permanent deactivation of the catalyst for CO conversion but the decrease in hydrogenation to methane and of alkene products remained.
8-year-old boy with progressive headache.

An 8-year-old boy with no significant past medical history presented to the emergency department following 2 weeks of progressive headaches, fatigue, and vomiting. On physical examination, the patient had no fever, or focal motor or sensory neurological deficits. Initially diagnosed with an H1N1 viral upper respiratory and gastrointestinal infection, he was discharged home with conservative management. After failure to improve over the next several days, a superimposed bacterial infection was suspected. He was given a course of oral antibiotics, which failed to improve his symptoms. Imaging revealed a large, heterogenously enhancing mass measuring 5.6 × 4.7 × 5.2 cm, which contained partially hemorrhagic material centered within the left thalamus extending into the body of the lateral ventricle (Figures 1a). Gross total resection of the tumor was confirmed by postoperative imaging. Staging revealed no metastases. The patient was discharged home 1 week later. NEUROPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS
Diurnal salivary cortisol, glycemia and insulin resistance: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis

Hypercortisolism is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes mellitus (DM); however, to our knowledge prior studies have not examined the association of diurnal cortisol curve features with measures of glycemia or IR in a population-based setting. Using log-transformed salivary cortisol data on 850 ethnically diverse men and women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, we investigated the cross-sectional association of cortisol curve features with (1) glycemia in those with and without DM and (2) IR, in non-diabetic subjects. The log-transformed salivary cortisol curve features included wake-up cortisol, cortisol awakening response (CAR), early decline slope (30min to 2h post-awakening), late decline slope (2h post-awakening to bedtime), overall decline slope (0min to bedtime, excluding 30min cortisol), bedtime cortisol and total area under the curve (AUC). Overall, following multivariable adjustment, among those with diabetes mellitus (DM), early decline slope, overall decline slope, bedtime cortisol, and AUC were significantly and positively associated with a 5.4% (95% CI: 1.3, 9.7), 54.7% (95% CI: 12.4, 112.9), 4.0% (95% CI: 1.6,6.4), and 6.8% (95% CI: 3.3,10.4) higher HbA1c per 1 unit increase in log cortisol feature, respectively. Cortisol curve features were not associated with HbA1c among non-diabetic participants; however, wake-up cortisol and AUC were associated with a 8.2% lower (95% CI: -13.3,-2.7) and 7.9% lower (95% CI: -14.6, -0.6) log HOMA-IR, respectively. This was attenuated by adjustment for waist circumference. Among participants with DM, cortisol curve parameters suggestive of higher hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and dysfunction were associated with higher HbA1c. In non-diabetic participants, greater HPA activity was paradoxically associated with lower insulin resistance.
Kafāʾa fī l-Nasab in Saudi Arabia: Islamic Law, Tribal Custom, and Social Change

Lineal compatibility in marriage (kafāʾa fī l-nasab) is a contentious subject in contemporary Saudi Arabia. This paper discusses the controversial legal case of Mans˙ūr al-Taymānī and his wife Fāt˙ima al-ʿAzzāz, a married couple who were divorced against their will by a Saudi judge because of complaints by the bride’s half-brothers about the groom’s tribal lineage. The Islamic legal discourse on lineal compatibility as applied to Saudi Arabia is examined as are the social backdrop and media context from which debates over lineal compatibility have emerged. Economic transformation and the weakening of tribal structures have caused the boundaries of tribal endogamy to expand, producing a broad range of reactions whose implications are also explored. Next, wider questions, including the effects of applying the kinship studies paradigm to studies on modern Arabia, are considered. After surveying the history of kinship studies in the Middle East, recent scholarship on kinship in Arabia confirms the need to dev...
Deformation mechanisms in the southeastern ramp region of the Pine Mountain block, Tennessee

A field and petrofabric study of the southwestern part of the Pine Mountain thrust sheet shows that most deformation features may be attributed to one of two processes. The first, layer-parallel compression, is responsible for (a) a layer-parallel maximum shortening direction in the mechanically twinned fabric of the limestone and dolomite country rock, (b) transport- parallel extension fractures and joints, (c) transport-normal stylolite surfaces, and (d) some small thrusts. The second, bending at thrust-ramp hinges, is responsible for (a) non-bedding-parallel maximum shortening directions in mechanically twinned calcite from fracture fillings, (b)transport-normal extension fractures and joints, and (c) small normal faults. Possible explanations for the failure of calcite in the country rock to twin in response to bending at the ramp include both (1) an early imposed, pre-thrusting, calcite twin strain hardening and (2) deformation of the country rock by competing mechanisms such as pressure solution. Small normal faults are parallel to the strike of the thrust sheet and seem to have evolved from strike-parallel extension fractures in response to continued extension. Both small thrusts and stylolite surfaces are rare in outcrop. There seems to be no major change in deformation of rocks which have traveled through different fractions of the total ramp length, so long as the rocks have passed onto the ramp.
NMR study of molecular motion in polyethylene

A series of samples of linear polyethylene (PE) widely varying in non-crystalline fraction and morphology, were studied by wide line NMR over a temperature range from −210 °C to 140 °C. The measurements were performed with the following samples: (1) PE single crystals, grown from dilute solution; (2) PE single crystals, the fold surfaces of which had been removed by a treatment with fuming HNO3; (3) PE crystallized from the melt; (4) extended chain crystals, obtained by crystallization from the melt under approximately 5000 atm. pressure; (5) PE quenched from the melt; and (6) drawn, randomized PE. Among other quantities the second moment and the mobile fraction Fm were determined as a function of the temperature. These data are discussed in connection with the problem of molecular motion in PE, in particular the motional process occurring at low temperatures (γ-process).
Optical and ultraviolet activity in RT Lacertae during 1985 and 1986

Continued monitoring of optical spectra of RT Lac, a peculiar RS CVn system, showed a large range of activity in the H-alpha line. At times, there was no excess emission or absorption, and at others, much. During active times, the excess emission varied greatly with phase and seemed to come from an extended region. Two UV observations, taken contemporaneously with optical spectra, also showed strong variations in the emission-line strengths. The data are consistent with intermittent mass transfer and imply that RT Lac is similar to other objects which have transient disks.
Rationale for a 3D heterogeneous multi-core processor

Single-ISA heterogeneous multi-core processors are comprised of multiple core types that are functionally equivalent but microarchitecturally diverse. This paradigm has gained a lot of attention as a way to optimize performance and energy. As the instruction-level behavior of the currently executing program varies, it is migrated to the most efficient core type for that behavior.