cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Discourse, Power, and Knowledge in the Management of "Big Science": The Production of Consensus in a Nuclear Fusion Research Laboratory.

This article extends a Foucauldian view of power/knowledge to the archetypical knowledge-intensive organization, the scientific research laboratory. Although Foucault hesitated to extend his analyt...
On the Stability of Rotation of a Rotor With Rotationally Unsymmetric Inertia and Stiffness Properties

The stability of uniform rotation of a rigid body about a principal axis of inertia is analyzed for the case where there is a diametral inertia inequality and there is an elastic restoring mechanism with a diametral stiffness inequality which rotates with the body. This model is an idealization for systems such as a two-bladed propeller rotating on a flexible shaft whose stiffness characteristics are not rotationally symmetric. It is found that many such systems possess unstable speed ranges. The instability may be due to either type of asymmetry alone or due to the interaction of the two. Quantitative analytical results are obtained which relate the unstable speed range to the gyroscopic coupling, the inertia inequality, the stiffness inequality, and the relative orientation of the principal axes of inertia with respect to the principal axes of stiffness. Three-dimensional stability surfaces are plotted to give a qualitative overview of the interplay of the various parameters.
Computational Simulation of Gas Turbines: Part 2—Extensible Domain Framework

This paper describes the design concepts and object-oriented architecture of Onyx, an extensible domain framework for computational simulation of gas turbine engines. Onyx provides a flexible environment for defining, modifying and simulating the component-based gas turbine models described in Part I of this paper. Using advanced object-oriented technologies such as design patterns and frameworks, Onyx enables users to customize and extend the framework to add new functionality or adapt simulation behavior as required. A customizable visual interface provides high-level symbolic control of propulsion system construction and execution. For computationally-intensive analysis, components may be distributed across heterogeneous computing architectures and operating systems. A distributed gas turbine engine model is developed and simulated to illustrate the use of the framework.
Editor’s Spotlight/Take 5: Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infection: Has the Era of the Biomarker Arrived?

Note from the Editor-In-Chief: In “Editor’s Spotlight,” one of our editors provides brief commentary on a paper we believe is especially important and worthy of general interest. Following the explanation of our choice, we present “Take Five,” in which the editor goes behind the discovery with a one-on-one interview with an author of the article featured in “Editor’s Spotlight.” The authors certify that they, or any members of their immediate family, have no commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research ® editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. The opinions expressed are those of the writers, and do not reflect the opinion or policy of CORR ® or the Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®. This comment refers to the article available at: DOI: 10.1007/s11999-014-3543-8.
State Actions when Reliance on Reservations Fails

The three preceding chapters have described the ineffectiveness of reservations as a means of orderly avoidance of obligations voted by international organizations. Decision-making majorities in international organs have never inclined toward protection of state discretion and, as those majorities have increasingly included states with non-white populations fresh from colonialism, they have been even less impressed by suggestions that state sovereignty carries with it a freedom to impose official racial discrimination or deny statehood to colonial areas. This inclination has developed into a tendency to regard many hortatory statements in the Charter as legally binding.
Rethinking the Role of Cost-Benefit Analysis

In their excellent new book, Retaking Rationality, Richard Revesz and Michael Livermore make a strong case for reforming cost-benefit analysis (CBA). Too often, as they convincingly document, CBA has been identified with an anti-regulatory agenda rather than reflecting sound economic analysis - and I would add, too often CBA has served as a means of hindering the implementation of statutory mandates. Their specific proposals for reforming CBA seem sensible. So does their desire to reform the role of OMB in overseeing regulatory policy.The trouble is that these reforms do not go far enough. The antiregulatory bias of OMB certainly has handicapped environmental policy, but more fundamental changes are needed if we are to achieve real progress. Toxics policy needs to be rethought from the ground up along the lines of the EU REACH Directive, while climate policy needs to be guided by a precautionary attitude toward mitigation and a search for robust adaptation strategies. As an institutional home for overseeing these efforts, we should consider revamping OMB into an Office of Management, Budget and Sustainability.
Dynamics and Thermal Sensitivity of Ballistic and Non-ballistic Feeding in Salamanders

Low temperature reduces the performance of muscle-powered movements, but in movements powered by elastic recoil mechanisms, this effect can be mitigated and performance can be increased. To better understand the morphological basis of high performance and thermal robustness of elastically powered movements, we compared feeding dynamics at a range of temperatures (5-25°C) in two species of terrestrial plethodontid salamanders, Plethodon metcalfi and Ensatina eschscholtzii, which differ in tongue muscle architecture and the mechanism of tongue projection. We found that Ensatina is capable of ballistic projection with a mean muscle mass-specific power of 2100 W kg(-1), revealing an elastic mechanism. Plethodon, in contrast, projected its tongue non-ballistically with a mean power of only 18 W kg(-1), indicating it is muscle powered. Ensatina projected its tongue significantly farther than Plethodon and with dynamics that had significantly lower thermal sensitivity at temperatures below 15°C. These performance differences were correlated with morphological differences, namely elongated collagenous aponeuroses in the projector muscle of Ensatina as compared with Plethodon, which are likely the site of energy storage, and the absence in Ensatina of projector muscle fibers attaching to the tongue skeleton that allows projection to be truly ballistic. These findings demonstrate that, in these otherwise similar species, the presence in one species of elaborated connective tissue in series with myofibers confers not only 10-fold greater absolute performance but also greater thermal robustness of performance. We conclude that changes in muscle and connective tissue architecture are sufficient to alter significantly the mechanics, performance and thermal robustness of musculoskeletal systems.
Ovarian Rupture Causing Intraperitoneal Hemorrhage

Summary 1. The clinical and pathologic features of ovarian rupture (nongravid) are presented. Corpus luteum perforation is shown to be a more frequent cause of intraperitoneal hemorrhage than is follicular rupture. 2. The characteristic relationship between the time of ovarian rupture and the menstrual cycle is described. Follicular perforations occur at mid-interval and those of the corpus luteum during the latter half of the menstrual cycle. 3. The differential diagnosis between ovarian rupture, acute appendicitis, and ectopic pregnancy is discussed. 4. The treatment of ovarian rupture is usually laparotomy with conservation of the bleeding ovary. Nonsurgical treatment may be permitted if the diagnosis is certain. 5. Ten eases of corpus luteum rupture with intraperitoneal hemorrhage are reported.
Chemical and Biophysical Modulation of Cas9 for Tunable Genome Engineering.

The application of the CRISPR–Cas9 system for genome engineering has revolutionized the ability to interrogate genomes of mammalian cells. Programming the Cas9 endonuclease to induce DNA breaks at specified sites is achieved by simply modifying the sequence of its cognate guide RNA. Although Cas9-mediated genome editing has been shown to be highly specific, cleavage events at off-target sites have also been reported. Minimizing, and eventually abolishing, unwanted off-target cleavage remains a major goal of the CRISPR–Cas9 technology before its implementation for therapeutic use. Recent efforts have turned to chemical biology and biophysical approaches to engineer inducible genome editing systems for controlling Cas9 activity at the transcriptional and protein levels. Here, we review recent advancements to modulate Cas9-mediated genome editing by engineering split-Cas9 constructs, inteins, small molecules, protein-based dimerizing domains, and light-inducible systems.
A daily process examination of episode-specific drinking to cope motivation among college students

Abstract Objective Theory suggests that state- and trait-like factors should interact in predicting drinking to cope (DTC) motivation, yet no research to date has demonstrated this at the drinking episode level of analysis. Thus, we examined whether daily variation in positive and negative affect and avoidance and active coping were associated with DTC motivation during discrete drinking episodes and whether these associations were moderated by tension-reduction expectancies and other person-level risk factors. Methods Using a secure website, 722 college student drinkers completed a one-time survey regarding their tension reduction expectancies and then reported daily for 30 days on their affect, coping strategies, drinking behaviors and motives for drinking. Results Individuals reported higher levels of DTC motivation on days when negative affect and avoidance coping were high and positive affect was low. We found only little support for the predicted interactive effects among the day- and person-level predictors. Conclusion Our results support the state and trait conceptualizations of DTC motivation and provide evidence for the antecedent roles of proximal levels of daily affect and avoidance coping. Our inconsistent results for interaction effects including day-level antecedents raise the possibility that some of these synergistic processes might not generalize across level of analysis.
Hospital-Owned Retail Clinics in the United States: Operations, Patients and Marketing

Retail clinics are walk-in clinics located in grocery stores and retail pharmacies and providing care for minor conditions. Hospital systems have recently started owning and operating them. No studies have to our knowledge described hospital-owned clinics. In this paper, we assess the operational issues, types of conditions treated and types of marketing approaches used by hospital-owned retail clinics. Data on 19 health systems that own and operate retail clinics was collected by Merchant Medicine. Only 4 out of 19 hospital systems reported that their first owned retail clinic was operating at breakeven. About one third of the patients treated are cash-pay patients while half are covered by private health insurance plans. The clinics tend to focus on a few limited conditions such as upper respiratory infections, allergies, minor skin conditions, and physical exams and shots. A small minority of the patient population is very young (under 5) or very old (over 65), with the other age segments almost equally represented. Patients that visit the clinics seem to have heard about it especially through word of mouth. The health systems invest modestly in some marketing media such as print, radio and billboard advertising, Internet, direct mail and sponsoring of community events. Retail clinics can play an important role for hospital systems in the future, especially as part of a larger primary care strategy.
Electrospun Nafion®/Polyphenylsulfone Composite Membranes for Regenerative Hydrogen Bromine Fuel Cells

The regenerative H₂/Br₂-HBr fuel cell, utilizing an oxidant solution of Br₂ in aqueous HBr, shows a number of benefits for grid-scale electricity storage. The membrane-electrode assembly, a key component of a fuel cell, contains a proton-conducting membrane, typically based on the perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer. Unfortunately, the high cost of PFSA membranes and their relatively high bromine crossover are serious drawbacks. Nanofiber composite membranes can overcome these limitations. In this work, composite membranes were prepared from electrospun dual-fiber mats containing Nafion® PFSA ionomer for facile proton transport and an uncharged polymer, polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), for mechanical reinforcement, and swelling control. After electrospinning, Nafion/PPSU mats were converted into composite membranes by softening the PPSU fibers, through exposure to chloroform vapor, thus filling the voids between ionomer nanofibers. It was demonstrated that the relative membrane selectivity, referenced to Nafion® 115, increased with increasing PPSU content, e.g., a selectivity of 11 at 25 vol% of Nafion fibers. H₂-Br₂ fuel cell power output with a 65 μm thick membrane containing 55 vol% Nafion fibers was somewhat better than that of a 150 μm Nafion® 115 reference, but its cost advantage due to a four-fold decrease in PFSA content and a lower bromine species crossover make it an attractive candidate for use in H₂/Br₂-HBr systems.
Ruptured subcapsular liver haematoma following mechanically-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A 64-year-old man with a history of ascending aortic surgery and pulmonary embolus presented with shortness of breath. He rapidly decompensated, prompting intubation, after which he lost pulses. Manual resuscitation was initiated immediately, with subsequent use of a LUCAS-2 mechanical compression device. The patient was given bolus thrombolytic therapy and regained pulses after 7 min of CPR. Compressions were reinitiated with the LUCAS-2 twice more during resuscitation over the subsequent hour for brief episodes of PEA. After confirmation of massive pulmonary embolism on CT, the patient underwent interventional radiology-guided ultrasonic catheter placement with local thrombolytic therapy and experienced immediate improvement in oxygenation. He later developed abdominal compartment syndrome, despite cessation of thrombolytic and anticoagulation therapy. Bedside exploratory abdominal laparotomy revealed a ruptured subcapsular haematoma of the liver. The patient9s haemodynamics improved following surgery and he was extubated 11 days postarrest with intact neurological function.
Unintended Pregnancy, Depression, and Hazardous Drinking in a Community-Based Sample of Sexual Minority Women.

Abstract Context: Unintended pregnancy is a stressful life event with important implications for women's health. Little research has examined sexual minority women's (SMW; lesbian, bisexual, mostly heterosexual) experiences of unintended pregnancy, and no studies have examined the relationship between unintended pregnancy, mental health, and negative coping behaviors in this population. Methods: We used the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) Study (n = 454), a diverse sample of SMW, to examine the relationship between self-reported unintended pregnancy, depressive symptoms, and hazardous drinking. We used generalized linear model-building techniques and adjusted for key sociodemographic controls, as well as unintended pregnancy risk factors, including childhood physical and sexual abuse and age of sexual debut. Results: Twenty-four percent of the sample reported an unintended pregnancy. SMW who reported unintended pregnancies also reported significantly more depressive symptoms and great...
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Predictive Markers and Preventive Strategies

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease of the intestine that largely affects very low birthweight premature infants. It is a disease process that can be widely variable in its course and outcomes. Because the etiology and pathogenesis of NEC still remain incompletely understood, treatment options and morbidity and mortality for infants who have NEC have not significantly improved in the past four decades. Given the potentially devastating outcomes of NEC, it is imperative to focus research efforts on potential markers that could identify this disease process early in its course, as well as predict the course and severity of disease to improve outcomes. Perhaps more importantly, this article reviews the current status of preventive measures for NEC.
Increasing Ubiquitin Ion Resistance to Unfolding in the Gas Phase Using Chloride Adduction: Preserving More "Native-Like" Conformations Despite Collisional Activation.

Electrospray ionization (ESI) of ubiquitin from acidified (0.1%) aqueous solution produces abundant ubiquitin–chloride adduct ions, [M + nH + xCl](n – x)+, that upon mild heating react via elimination of neutral HCl. Ion mobility collision cross section (CCS) measurements show that ubiquitin ions retaining chloride adducts exhibit CCS values similar to those of the “native-state” of the protein. Coupled with results from recent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the evolution of a salt-containing electrospray droplet, this study provides a more complete picture for how the presence of salts affects the evolution of protein conformers in the final stages of dehydration of the ESI process and within the instrument.
Continuous Cooling Transformation of Corrosion Resistant Steel for Cargo Oil Tank

The continuous cooling transformation( CCT) curve of cargo oil tank( COT) steel was obtained by using dilatometric method combined with metallographic analysis-hardness measurement,and the austenites before and after the compress deformation were analyzed,which were tested on MMS-300 thermal mechanical simulation under different cooling rates. The results showed that the dynamic CCT curve compared to static CCT curve obviously moves to the left and up direction,and the starting temperature of austenite increases. With increasing the cooling rate,the microstructures gradually change from polygonal ferrite,pearlite and a little bainite to a small amount of acicular ferrite and granular bainite,finally transform into bainite and martensite.
Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Mimosinase from Leucaena leucocephala

Heterologous expression of eukaryotic genes in bacterial system is an important method in synthetic biology to characterize proteins. It is a widely used method, which can be sometimes quite challenging, as a number of factors that act along the path of expression of a transgene to mRNA, and mRNA to protein, can potentially affect the expression of a transgene in a heterologous system. Here, we describe a method for successful cloning and expression of mimosinase-encoding gene from Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) in E. coli as the heterologous host. Mimosinase is an important enzyme especially in the context of metabolic engineering of plant secondary metabolite as it catalyzes the degradation of mimosine, which is a toxic secondary metabolite found in all Leucaena and Mimosa species. We also describe the methods used for characterization of the recombinant mimosinase.
[Pneumococcal vaccination--yes or no?].

Invasive pneumococcal infections, defined as demonstration of Streptococcus pneumoniae in blood cultures or CSF, are frequent and associated with high mortality in risk groups. Risk groups are the over-65s, individuals with anatomic or functional asplenia, immunosuppressed patients, patients with haemotological neoplasias and HIV-infected subjects, as well as, in general, al sufferers from chronic cardiopulmonary disease, diabetics and patients with severe renal failure or nephrotic syndrome. The 23valent polysaccharide vaccine produces a reliable immune response in children aged over 2 years and adults. The immune response is diminished in severely immunocompromised subjects and in the elderly. Numerous clinical studies provide evidence of the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in the he prevention of invasive pneumococcal infection. Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for the above mentioned risk groups. It should be observed that for the group at most risk, i.e. heavily immunosuppressed and HIV-infected subjects, there are no convincing data on clinical effectiveness. Regarding non-bacteriaemic pneumococcal pneumonias there are only pointers to the possible usefulness of polysaccharide vaccines. Booster vaccination is not recommended by the manufacturers in view of the reportedly increased incidence of side effects. Studies show that side effects are not more frequent than with primary vaccination. A single revaccination is particularly indicated in status post splenectomy. The conjugate vaccines now under development will improve the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination and will also be usable in children aged under 2 years.
Customer assessment of long-term care pharmacy provider services.

OBJECTIVE Assess performance of long-term care pharmacy providers on key services offered to nursing facilities. DESIGN Cross-sectional; nursing facility team. SETTING Random phone survey of nursing facility team members. PARTICIPANTS 485 nursing facility team members (practicing in nursing facilities, interacting with > or = 1 consultant pharmacist); 46 members excluded, unable to identify facility's pharmacy provider. INTERVENTION Directors of nursing, medical directors, and administrators were asked to rate long-term care pharmacy provider performance of eight commonly offered pharmacy services. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE All groups evaluated pharmacy provider performance of these services using a five-point scale. Results are broken down by employer type. RESULTS Average rating for eight pharmacy services was 3.64. Top two services: "Labeling medications accurately" ranked in top 1-2 services for all groups (combined rating of 3.97) and "Provides medication administration system" ranked in top 1-3 services for all groups (combined rating of 3.95). One service, "Provides educational inservices," ranked lowest for all groups (combined rating of 3.54). CONCLUSIONS In general, when looking at the eight services in combination for all providers, all services were ranked between Good and Very Good (average score of 3.64). Therefore, while the pharmacy provider is performing above average for these services, there is room for improvement in all of these services. These results can be used as a benchmark. Detailed data results and sample surveys are available online at www.ascp.com/supplements. These surveys can be used by the pharmacy provider to solicit assessments from their own facilities on these services.
Uranus, Neptun und Pluto

Uber die drei auseren Planeten ist selbst heute so wenig bekannt, das sie hier zu einem Kapitel zusammengefast werden sollen. Der Zielsetzung dieses Buches entsprechend wird auf die schon langere Zeit bekannten Bahn- und Rotationsbewegungen dieser Himmelskorper nur am Rande eingegangen.
The Importance and Meaning of Sexual Fantasies in Intimate Relationships

What are sexual fantasies, and what roles do they play in relationships? Fantasies are sometimes (but not always!) a window into what people want to experience in their own relationships—what do fantasies tell us about relationships? Do they help us get closer to a monogamous partner, or do they drive us apart? Could they be a way to promote communication among partners? Do women and men fantasize differently? And if so how? These are some of the questions we will be addressing in this chapter. Specifically, in this chapter, we explore the role of sexual fantasies in romantic relationships and investigate the potential advantages and disadvantages of sexual fantasies within the context of romantic relationships. Additionally, we discuss women’s sexual fantasy preferences and look at findings that suggest that women, more so than men, indicate that submission is among their favorite or most frequent sexual fantasies (Arndt et al. in J Pers Soc Psychol 48:472–480, 1985; Crepault et al. in Prog Sexol 267–285, 1976; Davidson and Hoffman in J Sex Res 22:184–205, 1986; Hariton Psychol Today 1973, March; Hariton and Singer in J Consul Clin Psychol 42(3):313, 1974; Kanin in Victim Int J 7:114–121, 1982; Knafo and Jaffe in J Res Pers 18:451–467, 1984; Pelletier and Herold in J Sex Res 24(1):250–256, 1988; Talbot et al. 1980). Finally, in an attempt to better understand this gender difference, we present and investigate three potential explanations.
Plasma, subcutaneous tissue and bone concentrations of ceftiofur sodium after regional limb perfusion in horses.

SummaryBackground Regional limb perfusion (RLP) is an effective treatment option for injuries and infections of the distal limb in horses. Using ceftiofur sodium in RLP has been studied, due to its superior spectrum of gram positive organisms compared to aminoglycosides, but it is not known if this antimicrobial drug adequately penetrates subcutaneous tissue and bone. Objective To determine the concentration of ceftiofur in plasma, subcutaneous tissue, and bone in horses after RLP. Study design Experimental prospective study. Methods Six healthy horses were used in this study. Under standing sedation, an Esmarch tourniquet was applied to both proximal metacarpi and RLP was performed in each forelimb by injecting either ceftiofur sodium (experimental limb) or saline (control limb) intravenously in the lateral palmar digital vein. The experimental limb was injected with 2 g ceftiofur diluted to 60 mL with sterile saline. The control limb was injected with 60 mL of sterile saline. The tourniquet was left in place for 30 minutes post injection. Plasma, subcutaneous tissue, and cortical bone samples were collected immediately after tourniquet removal (0.5 hours), 12, and 24 hours post injection. Ceftiofur concentrations and its active metabolite desfuroylceftiofur were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and the results were compared between control and experimental limbs using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results The median plasma concentrations were greater than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for common pathogens (1 μg/mL) at 0 and 12 hours post RLP. The median subcutaneous tissue concentrations were greater than MIC (1 μg/g) at all 3 time points in the experimental limb. The median bone concentration was above MIC (1 μg/g) at time 0 in the experimental limb but was below MIC at 12 and 24 hours in the experimental limb. Conclusions Ceftiofur administration via RLP maintained plasma concentrations above MIC for 12 hours. Subcutaneous tissue concentrations above MIC were maintained for 24 hours. Bone concentrations were only above MIC immediately after tourniquet removal. Further research is needed to evaluate ceftiofur administration via RLP and its implications in disease states. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Ebstein's anomaly presenting as cyanotic heart disease in a middle-aged woman.

(2016). Ebstein’s anomaly presenting as cyanotic heart disease in a middle-aged woman. Acta Cardiologica: Vol. 71, No. 3, pp. 371-372.
Correlates of suicidality in firefighter/EMS personnel.

Abstract Background Firefighter and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel experience higher rates of lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts than the general population and other protective service professions. Several correlates of suicidality (alcohol use, depression, posttraumatic stress) have been identified in the literature as applicable to firefighter/EMS populations; however, few studies to date have examined the specific correlates of suicidality (lifetime suicidal ideation and/or attempts) in a firefighter/EMS sample. Methods Participants (N=3036) from a large, urban fire department completed demographic and self-report measures of alcohol dependence, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, and lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts. Participants in this sample performed both firefighter and EMS duties, were predominately male (97%), White (61.6%), and 25–34 years old (32.1%). Results Through hierarchical linear regressions, depression (β=.22, p Limitations Several limitations are addressed in the current study. The survey was a self-report pre-existing dataset and lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts were measured using sum scores. Additionally, the disproportionately large sample of males and large, urban setting, may not generalize to female firefighters and members of rural community fire departments. Conclusions The current study highlights the importance of targeting depression and PTSD symptom severity in efforts to reduce suicidality in firefighter/EMS personnel.
Integrated analysis of productivity and machine condition degradation: A geometric-machine case

We consider a two-machine-one-buffer production system with each machine's condition following a certain degradation process. An analytical model of the integration of machine condition degradation and productivity is introduced. Analytical methods based on the Markov chain approach are developed to quantify the interaction between machine condition degradation process and the overall system performance. In addition, system-theoretical properties are investigated to provide insight on how the system parameters affect the system performance. These methods provide a quantitative tool for modeling, analyzing, and improving manufacturing systems with tight interactions between machine condition degradation and productivity.
The Timing Is Right for Cerebellar Learning.

In this issue of Neuron, Suvrathan et al. (2016) provide a striking demonstration of a plasticity rule with temporal properties precisely matched to the computational requirements of behavioral learning and suggest major revisions to the rules for synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum.
Optimal tuning of cascaded control architectures for nonlinear HVAC systems

Cascaded controllers have been shown in recent literature to significantly reduce hunting behavior and improve the performance of a variety of HVAC systems. The cascaded architecture uses multiple proportional-integral-derivative loops, standard in industry and building automation controls, to minimize the effects of load dependent nonlinearities. This article builds on previous work by defining and demonstrating the properties of two nonlinear gap metrics that quantify the closed-loop linearization of the cascaded control structure and enable proper tuning of the inner-loop proportional gain. This is followed by the development of a linear quadratic framework that enables simultaneous tuning of inner- and outer-loop control gains. The proposed gap metrics and tuning procedures are demonstrated with two case studies. A simple single input, two output example plant is used to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed tuning method compared to standard proportional-integral-derivative control and successive ...
Is there a replication crisis? Perhaps. Is this an example? No: a commentary on Ito, Martin, and Nieuwland (2016)

The Language, Cognition and Neuroscience article by Ito, Martin, and Nieuwland (2016a), “How robust are prediction effects in language comprehension? Failure to replicate article-elicited N400 effe...
Colonial emulation: sinophobia, ethnic stereotypes and imperial anxieties in late eighteenth-century economic thought

ABSTRACTIn 1799 Dirk van Hogendorp published a Report on the Current Conditions of Dutch Possessions in the East Indies, a document that has garned comparisons to Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations (1776) for its condemnation of the Dutch East India Company and for its insistence on the importance of property rights to economic growth. The text is also an anti-Chinese diatribe, castigating the supposedly inveterate avarice of Java’s Chinese minority. Hogendorp’s advocacy of colonial reform and sinophobia intertwine in his use of the term ijver, then the standard Dutch translation of ‘emulation’, a keyword of eighteenth-century political economy. Read against the status of emulation in European thinking, Hogendorp’s employment of the ijver offers an opportunity to re-examine emulation’s fraught, ambivalent quality, which has been noted by scholars like Istvan Hont and Sophus Reinert concerned primarily with a division between benevolent domestic emulation and dangerous international emulation. The colonial sph...
Diagnosis and Arthroscopic Management of Dorsal Wrist Capsular Impingement.

Purpose Dorsal wrist capsular impingement (DWCI) is characterized by pain attributable to impingement of dorsal capsular tissue during wrist extension. The diagnostic criteria and management algorithm for this condition have not been well established. The aims of our study were (1) to retrospectively review the clinical presentation and arthroscopic findings of patients treated surgically for DWCI and (2) to evaluate the outcomes of arthroscopic debridement for this condition. Methods A total of 19 patients were treated with arthroscopic debridement for isolated DWCI from 2006 to 2015 by two surgeons (M.J.R. and D.S.R.) at a single institution. A chart review was performed to gather information on clinical presentation, radiological findings, operative details, and outcomes including numeric pain scale rating, range of motion, Mayo wrist score, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score. Patients were contacted at the time of the study for final telephone follow-up. Results Symptoms were present for a median of 12.5 months (range, 3.5–124.4 mo) prior to surgical intervention, and all patients had pain localized to the dorsal and central wrist with passive terminal wrist extension (100%; 19 of 19). We obtained magnetic resonance imaging in 66% of patients (12 of 19). Diagnostic arthroscopy yielded evidence of infolded, redundant dorsal capsular tissue in all cases (19 of 19), and there was no evidence of concomitant wrist pathology. Compared with preoperative values, postoperative improvements were seen in average numeric pain scale rating (6.0–1.9), Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score (45.8–4.8), and Mayo wrist score (50.0–87.8). These improvements were sustained at 41.6 months after surgery (range, 11.9–73.8 months). One complication of superficial cellulitis occurred. Conclusions Dorsal wrist capsular impingement is a clinical diagnosis; magnetic resonance imaging may be helpful in evaluating for other pathologies. Diagnostic arthroscopy yields evidence of redundant dorsal capsular tissue, and arthroscopic debridement of this tissue offers a safe and effective treatment to improve pain and functional scores. Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV.
Actifed-C® Expectorant (Burroughs Wellcome)

Actifed-C Expectorant is used in both wet and dry coughs and is effective in both infectious and allergic conditions. It may be particularly useful in the coughing, wheezing stage of respiratory allergies. Guaifenesin reduces the viscosity of the secretions, thereby increasing the efficiency of the cough reflex and the ciliary action in removing accumulated secretions from the trachea and bronchi. Codeine is an effective cough suppressant. (See ACTIFED).
Three essays on technology adoption, firm size, wages and human capital

This dissertation consists of three essays on the interrelationships between multiple technology adoptions, firm size, wages and human capital. The application is to four surveys of producers and employees in the US hog industry in the last two decades.;The first chapter investigates the size-wage premium in the competitive hog market. Particular attention is paid to the matching process by which workers are linked to farms of differing size and technology mix, and to whether the matching process can explain differences in wages across farms. The sector is characterized by large wage premia paid to workers on larger and more technologically advanced farms that persist over time. These wage premia are found for workers of all skills and are not reduced when methods are employed to control for nonrandom sorting across farms.;The second chapter shows that current methods to test for the complementarity or substitutability between technologies have been subject to the curse of dimensionality. Efforts to deal with more than a few technologies have had to impose that the technologies are independent or substitutes for tractability. The chapter presents a strategy to identify complementarity or substitutability that can be easily applied to any number of technologies. The method is applied to choices of eight technologies commonly used on U.S. hog farms. Technologies are increasingly likely to be complementary with one another as the number of bundled technologies increases, even if subsets are substitutes when viewed in isolation. As a result, farmers have an incentive to adopt many technologies at once, contributing to the trend toward larger farms over the sample period. It is the most educated producers that tend to adopt more technologies and to have larger farms.;The third chapter tests whether production on U.S. hog farms can be characterized as an O-Ring production process (Kremer, QJE, 1993), in which a single mistake in any one of several tasks in the firm's production process can lead to catastrophic failure of the product's value. Consistent with the theory, distributions of wages, technology adoptions, and farm size are all skewed to the right. The most skilled workers concentrate in the largest and most technologically advanced farms and paid highest. As with observed skills, workers with the greatest endowments of unobserved skills also sort themselves into the largest and most technology intensive farms.
Unifying themes suggested by Belyi’s Theorem

Belyi’s Theorem states that every curve defined over the field of algebraic numbers admits a map to the projective line with at most three branch points. This paper describes a unifying framework, reaching across several different areas of mathematics, inside which Belyi’s Theorem can be understood. The paper explains connections between Belyi’s Theorem and (1) The arithmetic and modularity of elliptic curves, (2) abc-type problems and (3) moduli spaces of pointed curves.
A Community Collaborative Approach to Scaling-Up Evidence-Based Practices: Moving Parent-Implemented Interventions from Research to Practice

Moving efficacious interventions for ASD from research to practice requires careful attention to the context in which the practices will be used. The EPIS (Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment) model from implementation science describes the inner (individual agencies and providers) and outer (sociopolitical climate, funding, etc.) context influences on the use of evidence-based practices in community mental health settings. Attention to the influences on implementation at all phases and levels can facilitate the ultimate success of the practice in the community. The following chapter describes the work of the BRIDGE Collaborative, a group of parents, providers, researchers, and funding agency representatives, in moving and scaling up a parent-implemented intervention for young children with or at risk for autism. The BRIDGE Collaborative addressed barriers at all levels of implementation through the use of targeted strategies aimed to support community uptake and use. The goal of this discussion is to provide a framework for how to effectively move evidence-based practices (EBP) from research to community-based delivery where children and families can benefit.
Management of Insomnia Disorder in Adults.

What are the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and adverse effects of interventions for insomnia disorder in adults?
Persistence of yellow fever virus-specific neutralizing antibodies after vaccination among US travellers.

Background Few studies have assessed the duration of humoral immunity following yellow fever (YF) vaccination in a non-endemic population. We evaluated seropositivity among US resident travellers based on time post-vaccination. Methods We identified serum samples from US travellers with YF virus-specific plaque reduction neutralization testing (PRNT) performed at CDC from 1988 to 2016. Analyses were conducted to assess the effect of time since vaccination on neutralizing antibody titer counts. Results Among 234 travellers who had neutralizing antibody testing performed on a specimen obtained ≥1 month after vaccination, 13 received multiple YF vaccinations and 221 had one dose of YF vaccine reported. All 13 who received more than one dose of YF vaccine had a positive PRNT regardless of the amount time since most recent vaccination. Among the 221 travellers with one reported dose of YF vaccine, 155 (70%) were vaccinated within 10 years (range 1 month-9 years) and 66 (30%) were vaccinated ≥10 years (range 10-53 years) prior to serum collection. Among the 155 individuals vaccinated, <10 years prior to serum collection, 146 (94%) had a positive PRNT compared with 82% (54/66) of individuals vaccinated ≥10 years prior to serum collection (P = 0.01). Post-vaccination PRNT titers showed a time-dependent decrease. Individuals with immunocompromising conditions were less likely to have a positive PRNT (77%) compared with those who were not immunocompromised (92%; P = 0.04). Conclusion Although the percentage of vaccinees with a positive PRNT and antibody titers decreased over time, a single dose of YF vaccine provided long-lasting protection in the majority of US travellers. A booster dose could be considered for certain travellers who are planning travel to a high risk area based on immune competence and time since vaccination.
Interview with Jeff Hancock

Jeff Hancock is founding director of the Stanford Social Media Lab and is a Professor in the Department of Communication at Stanford University. Professor Hancock and his group work on understanding psychological and interpersonal processes in social media. The team specializes in using computational linguistics and experiments to understand how the words we use can reveal psychological and social dynamics, such as deception and trust, emotional dynamics, intimacy and relationships, and social support. Recently Professor Hancock has begun work on understanding the mental models people have about algorithms in social media, as well as working on the ethical issues associated with computational social science. Professor Hancock is well-known for his research on how people use deception with technology, from sending texts and emails to detecting fake online reviews. His TED Talk on deception has been seen over 1 million times and he’s been featured as a guest on “CBS This Morning” for his expertise on social media. His research has been published in over 80 journal articles and conference proceedings and has been supported by funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Defense. His work on lying and technology has been frequently featured in the popular press, including the New York Times, CNN, NPR, CBS and the BBC. Professor Hancock was a Customs Officer in Canada before earning his PhD in Psychology at Dalhousie University, Canada. He was a Professor of Information Science and Communication at Cornell prior to joining Stanford in 2015. He currently lives in Palo Alto with his wife and daughter, and he regularly does his best to stop pucks as a hockey goalie.
New Synthetic Methodology for the Preparation of Substituted 1‐Aryl‐1‐pyridylaminomethanephosphonic Acid Esters.

The title compounds, e.g. (V), (VIII), and (X), are prepared from the aminopyridines (I) and benzaldehydes such as (II) or (VI) by three different methods: the imines (III) are treated with diphenyl phosphite (IV) to give (V).
Reopening the Texts of Romantic Science: The Language of Experience in J. W. Ritter’s Beweis

I grew up nursing an illusion: that science was a humanity. Maybe this deliberate naivete explains how breathlessly I fell in with romantic science. But that is a story with many roots. In any case, it is not a story of retreat, nor an antiquarian withdrawal from the problems of the present world. My turn to romanticism has always born the mark of its original motivation: to goad my contrary commitments to literature and to science — the rivalries I have allowed to grow, even fostered, within me — into a dialogue, to force them to confront each other and to speak.
Commentary: Trademark Strength and Fame: The Federal Circuit Corrects the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board

In May 2017 the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in the Joseph Phelps Vineyards case reversed the United States Patent and Trademark Office’s Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB) for improperly applying the “strength” factor as a yes-no decision when analyzing the likelihood of confusion issue. Rather, strength should be a sliding scale. This commentary explores the meaning and significance of the Joseph Phelps Vineyards decision. For a senior user’s mark that is only moderately strong in the marketplace, change brought about by this decision could strengthen the claim that a challenged application or registration is likely to cause confusion.
Blood collection has negligible impact on scoring temperament in Angus-based weaned calves

Abstract Temperament scoring typically occurs at the same time as vaccinations, germplasm collection, or both. Little is known about the impact of these procedures with scoring temperament. The objective was to determine the impact of blood collection (jugular venipuncture), representing a momentarily painful procedure, on different measures of temperament in weaning age calves. The hypothesis is blood collection will have little to no impact on temperament assessment. Calves of weaning age (n == 420) were sired by Angus bulls and out of Angus-influenced commercial cows. Subjective methods included temperament score (1 to 5 scale, with 3 removed; 1 calm or docile and 5 wild or aggressive) and qualitative behavior assessment attributes of active, agitated, apathetic, attentive, calm, curious, distressed, fearful, happy, irritated, positively occupied, and relaxed (each scored on a 136 mm horizontal line with left equal to no expression and right equal to full expression). Objective scoring was captured by recording multiple weights on a four-platform standing scale with the standard deviation of weight over a specific time interval and its coefficient of variation as measures of temperament. During collection, calves were randomly assigned into before (scored before blood draw) and after (scored after blood draw) groups in sets of 5 as they came through the working facility. Traits were modeled using fixed effects of evaluation day (n == 2), blood collection group (BCG; n == 2), interaction of day and BCG (n == 4), sex of calf (n == 2), and evaluator (n == 4 per method; subjective methods only) using an animal model based on pedigree and accounting for repeated measures using permanent environment variance method. The use of sequence of evaluation nested within day (SEQ) or age of calf (in days) were also assessed as covariates. Age at scoring was not impactful for modeling temperament traits and was not included in further analyses. Inclusion of the SEQ covariate was significant for 11 of 16 scoring methods (68.75%). Its inclusion resulted in lower estimates of additive genetic variation for 10 of 16 traits, suggesting it may be a temperament trait confounded with those analyzed and was excluded from the final model. The BCG main effect and its interaction with evaluation day were not significant for any temperament scoring method (P > 0.05). For this reason, it is reasonable to collect germplasm, give vaccines or both and score temperament in the same processing time frame to reduce handling needs.