cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on human-human sensorimotor interactions for the design of rehabilitation robots

Physical interactions between patients and therapists during rehabilitation have served as motivation for the design of rehabilitation robots, yet we lack a fundamental understanding of the principles governing such human-human interactions (HHI). Here we review the literature and pose important open questions regarding sensorimotor interaction during HHI that could facilitate the design of human-robot interactions (HRI) and haptic interfaces for rehabilitation. Based on the goals of physical rehabilitation, three subcategories of sensorimotor interaction are identified: sensorimotor collaboration, sensorimotor assistance, and sensorimotor education. Prior research has focused primarily on sensorimotor collaboration and is generally limited to relatively constrained visuomotor tasks. Moreover, the mechanisms by which performance improvements are achieved during sensorimotor cooperation with haptic interaction remains unknown. We propose that the effects of role assignment, motor redundancy, and skill level in sensorimotor cooperation should be explicitly studied. Additionally, the importance of haptic interactions may be better revealed in tasks that do not require visual feedback. Finally, cooperative motor tasks that allow for motor improvement during solo performance to be examined may be particularly relevant for rehabilitation robotics. Identifying principles that guide human-human sensorimotor interactions may lead to the development of robots that can physically interact with humans in more intuitive and biologically inspired ways, thereby enhancing rehabilitation outcomes.
0.6V, 5dB NF, −9.8dBm IIP 3 , 900MHz receiver with interference cancellation

We present an integrated 900MHz receiver with 56.4dB conversion gain, 5dB NF, and −9.8dBm IIP 3 using on-chip in-band feed-forward interference cancellation. The interference cancellation at baseband gives more than 13dB IIP 3 improvement and makes operation from an ultra-low 0.6V supply possible. The direct-conversion receiver including baseband filters and polyphase LO filters and buffers consumes 26.4mW from a 0.6V supply and occupies 2.56mm2 in a low power 65nm CMOS process.
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context and Cognitive Decline Among Older Mexican Americans: Results From the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging

In 1 previous study, it was shown that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with cognitive decline among Latinos. No studies have explored whether and to what extent individual-level socioeconomic factors account for the relation between neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive decline. The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of neighborhood socioeconomic position (SEP) on cognitive decline and examine how individual-level SEP factors (educational level, annual income, and occupation) influenced neighborhood associations over the course of 10 years. Participants (n = 1,789) were community-dwelling older Mexican Americans from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. Neighborhood SEP was derived by linking the participant's individual data to the 2000 decennial census. The authors assessed cognitive function with the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination. Analyses used 3-level hierarchical linear mixed models of time within individuals within neighborhoods. After adjustment for individual-level sociodemographic characteristics, higher neighborhood SEP was significantly associated with cognitive function (β = -0.033; P < 0.05) and rates of decline (β = -0.0009; P < 0.10). After adjustment for individual educational level, neighborhood SEP remained associated with baseline cognition but not with rates of decline. Differences in individual educational levels explained most of the intra- and interneighborhood variance. These results suggest that the effect of neighborhood SEP on cognitive decline among Latinos is primarily accounted for by education.
Computation of the sterically allowed conformations of peptides

The sterically permitted conformations for various di- and tripeptides have been described using mathematical and computer methods outlined in an earlier paper. The effects of variations in the size and shape of the side-chain groups on the allowed conformations have been assessed. Steric restrictions, due to the backbone atoms alone, permit the peptide groups adjacent to glycyl residues to assume only about 50% of all conceivable conformations. An alanine side chain limits these to 16% and, with further side chain complexity, restrictions increase so that the backbone adjacent to valyl or isoleucyl side chains can take up only about 5% of all possible conformations. The results of the computations are therefore consistent with what is known of the ability of various residues to fit into α-helical polypeptide chains, and of the comparative stabilities of the α-helical forms of poly-L-alanine and polyglyeine. The rigid ring structures in prolyl peptides provide such severe steric restrictions that, a trans polyprolyl chain can exist only in a left-handed helical form of the type observed experimentally for collagen II. Other factors which have been investigated are the effects of possible variations in the geometry of the planar amide backbone and in van der Waals' contact distances between atoms on the sterically permitted backbone conformations. The evaluation of steric restrictions emphasizes their important role as a determinant in protein conformation, and the results will lie useful in applying the computer techniques to the determination of the conformation of longer polypeptide chains.
The techniques of trilinear aggregating and the recent progress in the asymptotic acceleration of matrix operations

Abstract The recent progress in the asymptotic acceleration of matrix multiplication and of related matrix operations is surveyed. The techniques of trilinear aggregating and their applications to the above problems and to the disproval of the Direct Sum Conjecture over some rings of constants are presented in some detail.
Efficient control of a robotic system for time-delayed environments

Addresses the problem of teleoperation in the presence of feedback delays. Delay occurs with Earth-based teleoperation in space and with surface-based teleoperation of untethered submersibles when acoustic communication links are involved. The delay in obtaining position and force feedback from remote slave arms makes direct teleoperation impossible. This paper proposes a new control methodology for time-delayed remote manipulation, teleprogramming, based on a novel combination of computer graphics, virtual reality, and manipulator programming. The teleprogramming methodology allows for continuous and efficient control of remote workcells in the presence of significant feedback delays. An overview of the methodology for a single workcell is presented and experimental results using a prototype laboratory system are reported. >
EPR and affinity studies of mannose-TEMPO functionalized PAMAM dendrimers.

Mannose–TEMPO functionalized G(4)-PAMAM dendrimers with increasing mannose loadings have been synthesized and characterized by MALDI-TOF MS and EPR spectroscopy. Analysis of linebroadening effects in the EPR spectra of these dendrimers allowed us to determine the relative presentation of mannose and TEMPO on the dendrimer surface. Hemagglutination assays and affinity chromatography/EPR experiments to assess the activity of the mannose–TEMPO dendrimers with Concanavalin A are presented.
FACILITATION OF COBBLE BEACH PLANT COMMUNITIES THROUGH HABITAT MODIFICATION BY SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA

Single species can have large effects on entire communities through habitat modification and facilitation. I tested the general hypothesis that the intertidal grass Spartina alterniflora facilitates the establishment and persistence of New England cobble beach plant communities by modifying the shoreline environment. This community is dominated by halophytic forbs and is restricted to estuarine cobble beaches bordered by Spartina. Beds of Spartina can reduce mean water velocity by 50% and maximum velocity by nearly an order of magnitude, and they can substantially stabilize the cobble substrate. Specifically, I determined the importance of five life history stages (seed supply, seed germination, seedling emergence, seedling establishment, and adult survival) and four factors (water velocity, substrate stability, herbivory, and soil quality) in limiting lateral plant distribution. A seed addition experiment demonstrated that seedlings could only emerge behind Spartina, suggesting that seedling emergence is the proximate life history stage limiting adult dis- tribution. Seed germination and adult survival do not appear to be limiting stages, at least in an absolute sense. Although seed supply was much greater (~-10-100X) behind Spartina, a substantial number of seeds were caught in seed traps placed between beds, suggesting that seed supply also does not limit absolute plant distribution. These results are supported by the presence of seedlings buried below the substrate surface between beds at the time when seedlings are naturally emerging behind beds. A manipulative field experiment was performed to test the effects of substrate instability, soil quality, and herbivory on seedling emergence between beds. Seeds of two annual cobble beach species (Suaeda linearis and Salicornia europaea) were added to plots behind Spartina and also between beds with and without substrate stabilization manipulations. This treatment was designed to stabilize the substrate in a manner that would not affect water velocity and soil characteristics or prevent access by potential herbivores. When not buffered by Spartina, seedlings of both species were only able to emerge and survive when the substrate was artificially stabilized. These results indicate that Spartina alternifora facilitates the establishment and persistence of cobble beach plant communities by stabilizing the substrate and enabling seedlings to emerge and survive.
Structure Design and Optimization of 2-D LFSR-Based Multisequence Test Generator in Built-In Self-Test

This paper addresses the optimization of very large scale integration testing systems, specifically the structure design and optimization of a built-in self-test (BIST) design based on two-dimensional (2D) linear feedback shift registers (LFSRs). The 2D LFSRs can generate both precomputed test patterns (for detecting random-pattern-resistant faults) and random patterns (for detecting random-pattern-detectable faults) and have the advantages of high fault coverage and at-speed testing. To guarantee solutions, it is necessary and desirable to generate subsequences of the precomputed test patterns through the 2D LFSRs, where these subsequences retain the order of the test patterns, particularly for testing sequential circuits. For the design and optimization of the 2D LFSRs, the following two problems need to be solved: 1) the good partitioning of the precomputed test patterns into disjoint subsequences in order to achieve a minimal hardware and 2) the structure design and optimization of the 2D LFSRs to generate the test patterns in each partitioned subsequence. The optimization of the 2D LFSRs is modeled as an integer program (a logic optimization model) that determines the coefficients of the recursive Boolean equations that govern the generation of the test patterns. For a sequence of the test patterns, this model finds the minimal-hardware implementation of the 2D LFSRs. This logic optimization model can be applied to both test-per-scan (serial BIST) and test-per-clock (parallel BIST). This paper presents how this model is embedded in a heuristic framework to partition the test patterns into subsequences from the configurable 2D LFSRs. The testing hardware is small as the configurable architecture allows the tester to incrementally generate the precomputed test patterns by modification to the feedback of the 2D LFSRs. Results of benchmark circuits show that significant hardware reduction and higher fault coverage are achieved. The resulting multisequence test generator is a regular structure and is easy to implement. The logic optimization model is applicable to both completely and partially specified test patterns and can be adopted for other LFSR-based structure design and optimization.
Distinct physical and structural properties of the ovine uterine serpin.

Experiments were performed to examine the relationship between the structure and function of ovine uterine serpin (OvUS). Limited proteolytic digestion of OvUS caused cleavage of the 55^57 kDa OvUS to a 42 kDa product nearly identical in molecular weight to a naturally-occurring breakdown product of OvUS. N-terminal amino acid sequencing and MALDIMS revealed that, unlike other serpins, OvUS was preferentially cleaved at about 70 amino acids upstream of the putative reactive center loop. Analysis of the partially-digested protein by gel filtration chromatography suggested that the C-terminal fragment of the protein was still associated under nondenaturing conditions. Partial digestion of OvUS had no effect on the protein’s secondary structure, thermal stability, ability to bind lymphocytes or pepsin, or inhibitory activity towards pepsin or mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. In contrast, mild denaturation of OvUS with 0.5 M guanidine HCl increased thermal stability. Unlike for other serpins, the increase in thermal stability was lost upon removal of the denaturant. Incubation of OvUS with 100 fold molar excess of a peptide corresponding to the putative P14-P2 region of the RCL for 24 h at 37‡C to induce binary complex formation had no effect on its secondary structure and did not alter the biological activity of the protein. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the putative P14-P2 region and the P7-P150 region of the RCL were not inhibitory to pepsin activity or lymphocyte proliferation. Taken together, these results indicate that the conformation of OvUS is distinct from the prototypical serpin because conditions that lead to the large-scale conformational change in other serpins such as antithrombin III and K1-antitrypsin do not cause similar changes in OvUS. Moreover, the putative RCL does not seem to contain the activity required to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation or pepsin activity. fl 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
The Changing Nature of Armed Conflict and its Implications for Children: The Graça Machel / UN Study

Over the past several decades, a new pattern of armed conflict has evolved, taking increasingly heavy tolls on communities and civilian populations. In the 1990s, most armed conflicts are intrastate affairs fought with relatively low technology in and around communities, where they kill mostly civilians, inflict extensive psychological damage, destroy communities, and displace masses of people. They also serve to normalize violence and to plant seeds of future armed conflicts. To assess the impact of this situation on children, the United Nations commissioned the first global study on Impact of Armed Conflict on Children, headed by Ms. Graca Machel. The Study presents a holistic picture of the assault on children, examining issues of physical attack, landmines, sexual abuse, displacement, separation from parents, recruitment into military activity, nutritional deficiencies, stress of caregivers, and community destruction, among others. It also makes recommendations on how to more effectively protect the r...
“Amerika gibt es nicht”: On the Semiotics of Literary America in the Twentieth Century

From Alexis de Tocqueville's arrival in Manhattan and his amazement at the artificial facades of houses on the East River, we can observe a specific semiotic model in depictions of America: America does not exist, which is to say, the referent often becomes questionable in these texts. All the more frequently descriptions of America hew to a metonymic mode of writing; they deal with signs which refer to other signs, with accounts reporting mostly what has been read elsewhere. With Franz Kafka and Wolfgang Koeppen this essay shows how America has become the setting of poetological self-determination; America is a textual construct in which the significatory nature of language is itself negotiated. Under these conditions, how can another America novel be written at the end of the 20th-century? In the concluding passages, this essay discusses how contemporary authors Thomas Meinecke and Michael Roes succeed in resurrecting America's narrative possibilities.
Convergence Rates for Generalized Descents

d -descents are permutation statistics that generalize the notions of descents and inversions. It is known that the distribution of d -descents of permutations of length n satisfies a central limit theorem as n goes to infinity. We provide an explicit formula for the mean and variance of these statistics and obtain bounds on the rate of convergence using Stein's method.
RNA-Binding Protein RBM24 Regulates p63 Expression via mRNA Stability

p63, a p53 family member, plays pivotal roles in epidermal development, aging, and tumorigenesis. Thus, understanding how p63 expression is controlled has biological and clinical importance. RBM24 is an RNA-binding protein and shares a high sequence similarity with RBM38, a critical regulator of p63. In this study, we investigated whether RBM24 is capable of regulating p63 expression. Indeed, we found that ectopic expression of RBM24 decreased, whereas knockdown of RBM24 increased, the levels of p63 transcript and protein. To explore the underlying mechanism, we found that RBM24 was able to bind to multiple regions in the p63 3′ untranslated region and, subsequently, destabilize p63 transcript. Furthermore, we showed that the 3′ untranslated region in p63 transcript and the RNA-binding domain in RBM24 were required for RBM24 to bind p63 transcript and consequently, inhibit p63 expression. Taken together, our data provide evidence that RBM24 is a novel regulator of p63 via mRNA stability. Implications: Our study suggests that p63 is regulated by RBM24 via mRNA stability, which gives an insight into understanding how posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms contribute to p63 expression. Mol Cancer Res; 12(3); 359–69. ©2013 AACR . This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, [p. 295][1] [1]: /lookup/volpage/12/295?iss=3
When tonic cardiac vagal tone predicts changes in phasic vagal tone: the role of fear and perceptual load.

We examined the relationship between tonic—a correlate of self-regulatory functioning—and phasic cardiac vagal activity (indexed by heart rate variability; HRV) during a selective attentional task with varying levels of load. Participants detected a target letter among letter strings superimposed on either fearful or neutral face distractors. Letter strings consisted of six target letters under low load and one target letter and five nontarget letters under high load. With fearful distractors, lower tonic HRV was associated with phasic HRV suppression, suggesting an autonomic stress response under both low and high load. In contrast, higher tonic HRV was associated with phasic HRV enhancement, suggesting greater self-regulatory effort under low load and an absence of phasic HRV suppression under high load. The current research suggests that tonic cardiac vagal tone is associated with the ability to flexibly adapt autonomic responses.
Do Merger Guidelines Revise or Describe Policy: The Case of the 1997 Efficiency Revision

The 1997 Merger Guidelines appeared to significantly expand the role of efficiency considerations in merger analysis. However, it is possible that the revision simply memorialized existing policy and thus served more to improve transparency than reform policy. By combining an existing review of Federal Trade Commission merger studies after the 1997 reform, with a new review of merger studies from the five years prior to the revision, it is possible to shed some light on this question. In general, the FTC efficiency analyses did not change after the reform, and the bulk of the considerations noted in the Guidelines appear in the files over the entire sample period. Only the study of merger specific efficiencies seemed to clearly change in 1997, as the revised Guidelines mandated that alternative methods to achieve the efficiency must be practical given the market considerations. Overall, the impact of efficiencies on the merger challenge decision appeared to date to the arrival of Chairman Pitofsky at the FTC. Interestingly, this change also supported giving consideration to fixed cost savings, but seemed to insist on some evidence of pass-through to consumers for the fixed cost claims to “count.” Finally, the evidence suggests that findings of efficiencies are not always more likely to occur in closed investigations, further suggesting efficiency claims may affect the merger challenge decision in a “close call.”
Visible Effort: Visualizing and Measuring Group Structuration Through Social Entropy

A theoretically-grounded learning feedback tool suite, the Visible Effort Mediawiki extension is proposed for optimizing online group learning activities by measuring the amount of equality and the emergence of social structure in groups that participate in Computer-Mediated Collaboration (CMC). Building on social entropy theory, which is drawn from Shannon’s Mathematical Theory of Communication, Visible Effort captures levels of CMC unevenness and group structure and visualizes them on wiki Web pages through background colors, charts, and tabular data. Visual information provides users feedback on how balanced and equitable collaboration is within their online group, helping them to maintain it within optimal levels. We present the theoretical and practical implications of Visible Effort and the measures behind it, as well as illustrate its capabilities by describing a quasi-experimental teaching activity (use scenario) in tandem with a detailed discussion of theoretical justification, methodological underpinning, and technological capabilities of the approach.
Bringing science to prisons is not enough

C. J. Leroy describes her experience teaching science behind bars to improve cross-boundary science outreach (“Outside the tower: Bringing science inside prison walls,” Letters, 1 May, p. [511][1]) and the importance of educating prisoners in environmental science ([ 1 ][2]). I established a
Functional identification of H-K-ATPase in intercalated cells of cortical collecting tubule

A K-dependent proton extrusion mechanism was investigated by means of fluorescence techniques in rabbit cortical collecting tubules. These experiments were performed in split opened tubules from no...
Higher flexibility in input N:P ratios results in more balanced phosphorus budgets in two long-term experimental agroecosystems

Abstract Inefficient phosphorus (P) use in intensive agriculture is common in both organic and conventional systems, resulting in P over-application and soil P build-up. Increasing crop P removal and P recycling within farming systems (e.g., via cover crops) and reducing P inputs lower P surpluses, resulting in more balanced P budgets. Lowering P inputs to reduce soil P surpluses is easier with mineral fertilizers for which nitrogen (N) and P inputs can be decoupled, whereas reducing inputs of organic amendments with a constrained N:P stoichiometry (manures, composts) often results in N under-fertilization and lower yields. We computed farm-gate P budgets for several vegetable and grain cropping systems in two long-term California agricultural experiments that vary in terms of inputs (mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers, manure, yard compost), cash crops (corn, wheat, tomato, broccoli, lettuce), cover crops (type, frequency) and cropping intensity (biennially, annually or biannually). In organic systems, using manure or compost resulted in high P surpluses, whereas using pelleted or liquid organic fertilizers with higher N:P ratios resulted in smaller P surpluses. Systems receiving mineral fertilizers were often very close to P balance when fertilized regularly. Grain rotations generally had small P deficits whereas vegetable rotations had P surpluses due to lower crop P removal and higher output N:P in vegetables. Phosphorus uptake by cover crops was important (12–25 kg P ha −1 ), but their benefits to soil fertility will depend on the magnitude and timing of P release during residue decomposition. Overall, using organic nutrient sources with a constrained stoichiometry and low N:P ratios resulted in significant P surpluses, confirming the need to use complementary N sources such as N-fixation or N-rich fertilizers to balance P budgets.
Experimental production of the L. E. phenomenon in the skin of man.

Summary and conclusionsThe L.E. cell phenomenon has been produced experimentally in the skin of two normal human volunteers following inoculation of windows with the plasma of a patient with acute disseminated lupus erythematosus. In vivo, under the conditions of our experiments, the neutrophilic L.E. cell usually developed as the result of ingestion of other neutrophilic nuclear lobes or nuclei which had undergone a previous partial peculiar lysis. Less commonly the L.E. cell may represent the originally affected neutrophilic leukocyte in which lobar lysis is out of step in the individual nuclear lobes. The experiments described should provide a means of testing the proposed identity of the L.E. cells and the “hematoxylin staining bodies” of the diseased tissues in acute disseminated lupus erythematosus, an identity recently suggested by several workers (11,12).
Effect of Leaf Mining and Leaf Stippling of Liriomyza spp. on Photosynthetic Rates of Chrysanthemum

A dual-isotope porometer was used to measure changes in photosynthetic rates of chrysanthemum ( Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) leaves that were lightly or heavily mined (one mine per leaf and greater than five mines per leaf, respectively) by two species of leafminers in the genus Liriomyza Mik. These species differed in their preference for distinct sections of leaf mesophyll; L. trifolii (Burgess) prefers the palisade mesophyll and L. huidobrensis Blanchard the spongy mesophyll. In addition, the effect of leaf stippling by adult female L. trifolii on photosynthetic rates of chrysanthemums was determined. In lightly mined leaves L. huidobrensis significantly reduced photosynthetic rates and stomatal and mesophyll conductance in tissues adjacent to the mine when compared to the control or to L. trifolii . In heavily mined leaves, both species significantly reduced all physiological parameters compared to the control. Leaf stippling caused significant reductions in photosynthetic rates and stomatal and mesophyll conductance compared to the control.
Response of a Streamwise Vortex–Wall Interaction to Unsteady Forcing

Streamwise vortices exist in a number of engineering flows in both external and internal aerodynamics, often with undesirable effects. An experimental investigation of a streamwise vortex–wall inte...
Translation equations

Input limited transduction expressions, or translation equations, are used to describe the syntax and left-context sensitive semantics for context-free languages. A formal procedure is given for deriving from a set of translation equations the specifications for a pushdown translator. The translator consists of Mealy form finite-state automata interacting by means of a pushdown stack. Within the framework described, string recognition and parsing may be treated as special cases of the translation problem.
Jails in the United States: The “Old-New” Frontier in American Corrections

In the United States, jails confine large numbers of people each day and process nearly 12 million admissions each year. The estimated average daily population in American jails, as of midyear 2014...
Analysis on the detection results of drinking water in Mianyang City in 2012

[Objective]To understand the hygienic condition of drinking water in Mianyang City,provide reference data for government to make the scientific decision,and ensure the safety of public drinking.[Methods]The detection results of water samples(including source water,finished water,tap water,secondary water supply,self-prepared water and rural centralized water) in Mianyang City in 2012 were analyzed according to the Standard examination methods for drinking water(GBT /5750-2006).[Results] Among 1 260 water samples,904 were qualified.There was significant difference in qualified rate of drinking water between urban areas and rural areas(P 0.05).The difference in qualified rate of drinking water between winter-spring and summer-autumn was significant(P 0.05).The over standard rates of total coliform group and disinfectant were high.[Conclusion]The qualified rate of drinking water is high in urban areas of Mianyang City,while that is low in rural areas.The related departments should carry out comprehensive measures to strengthen the hygiene supervision in rural drinking water.
Novel agents in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a review about the future

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease that affects plasma cells and can lead to devastating clinical features such as anemia, lytic bone lesions, hypercalcemia, and renal disease. An enhanced understanding of MM disease mechanisms has led to new more targeted treatments. There is now a plethora of treatments available for MM. In this review article, our aim is to discuss many of the novel agents that are being studied or have recently been approved for the treatment of MM. These agents include the following: immunomodulators (pomalidomide), proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib, marizomib, ixazomib, oprozomib), alkylating agents (bendamustine), AKT inhibitors (afuresertib), BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib), CDK inhibitors (dinaciclib), histone deacetylase inhibitors (panobinostat, rocilinostat, vorinostat), IL-6 inhibitors (siltuximab), kinesin spindle protein inhibitors (filanesib), monoclonal antibodies (daratumumab, elotuzumab, indatuximab, SAR650984), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors.
Personality Type Effects on Online Credit Card Payment Utilization

Consumers’ ability to purchase goods and services from anywhere and at any time is a critical factor in the ubiquity of e-commerce. Credit cards enable a medium of exchange that facilitates the global e-commerce marketplace. Credit card providers’ and bank account service sites provide powerful tools for the individual to manage their credit card accounts, and allowing payment of monthly credit card bills. This study builds upon previous work done on the relationship between personality type and Internet usage. It expands this previous work to focus specifically on user adoption of online credit card bill payment services. This work can provide online payment service designers insights into the personality traits of users to better determine user needs and exploit qualities of user personalities to both improve utilization and attract customers who would not normally consider online credit card payment services.
Polarization-dependent exciton linewidth in semiconductor quantum wells: A consequence of bosonic nature of excitons

The exciton coherent signal decay rate in GaAs quantum wells, as measured in four-wave mixing experiments, depends on the polarization of the excitation pulses. Using polarization-dependent two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy, we show that this behavior is due to the bosonic character of excitons. Interference between two different quantum mechanical pathways results in a smaller decay rate for cocircular and colinear polarization of the optical excitation pulses. This interference does not exist for cross-linearly polarized excitation pulses resulting in a larger decay rate. Our result shows that the bosonic nature of excitons must be considered when interpreting ultrafast spectroscopic studies of exciton dephasing in semiconductors. This behavior should be considered while interpreting results of ultrafast spectroscopy experiments involving bosonlike excitations.
Physical Capital Mobility, the Educational and Quality Aspects of Creative Capital, and Output Production

We analyze two theoretical models of the connections between physical capital mobility, education in and the quality of creative capital, and the production of output in a region that is creative in the sense of Richard Florida. Our first model focuses on a single region which produces a knowledge good with perfectly mobile physical capital. We trace through the effect that education has in converting raw creative capital into acquired creative capital and then study how physical capital mobility affects the impact of the change in education on the output of the knowledge good. Our second model is similar to the first one but the focus now is on two creative regions and on the quality of creative capital. We show how to decompose the difference in the logarithm of the output of the knowledge good per raw creative capital unit between the two regions into the contributions of education and all other factors.
Toxicity in patients (pts) age 65 or older with dose-adjusted REPOCH (DA-REPOCH) for untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

e18508 Background: ORR of 97-99% and 5-yr PFS of 75-79% are reported with front-line DA-REPOCH in pts age 19-85. In these prospective series, 72% of pts escalated ≥ 1 dose level (DL), febrile neutr...
Sonar inter-ping noise field characterization during cetacean behavioral response studies off Southern California

The potential negative effects of sound, particularly active sonar, on marine mammals has received considerable attention in the past decade. Numerous behavioral response studies are ongoing around the world to examine such direct exposures. However, detailed aspects of the acoustic field (beyond simply exposure level) in the vicinity of sonar operations both during real operations and experimental exposures have not been regularly measured. For instance, while exposures are typically repeated and intermittent, there is likely a gradual decay of the intense sonar ping due to reverberation that has not been well described. However, it is expected that the sound field between successive sonar pings would exceed natural ambient noise within the sonar frequency band if there were no sonar activity. Such elevated sound field between the pings may provide cues to nearby marine mammals on source distances, thus influencing potential behavioral response. Therefore, a good understanding of the noise field in these contexts is important to address marine mammal behavioral response to MFAS exposure. Here we investigate characteristics of the sound field during a behavioral response study off California using drifting acoustic recording buoys. Acoustic data were collected before, during, and after playbacks of simulated mid-frequency active sonar (MFAS). An incremental computational method was developed to quantify the inter-ping sound field during MFAS transmissions. Additionally, comparisons were made between inter-ping sound field and natural background in three distinctive frequency bands: low-frequency ( 4.5 kHz) bands. Results indicate significantly elevated sound pressure levels (SPLs) in the inter-ping interval of the MFA-frequency band compared to natural background levels before and after playbacks. No difference was observed between inter-ping SPLs and natural background levels in the low- and high-frequency bands. In addition, the duration of elevated inter-ping sound field depends on the MFAS source distance. At a distance of 900–1300 m from the source, inter-ping sound field at the exposure frequency is observed to remain 5 dB above natural background levels for approximately 15 s, or 65%, of the entire inter-ping interval. However, at a distance of 2000 m, the 5 dB elevation of the inter-ping SPLs lasted for just 7 s, or 30% of the inter-ping interval. The prolonged elevation of sound field beyond the brief sonar ping at such large distances is most likely due to volume reverberation of the marine environment, although multipath propagation may also contribute to this.
A New Insular Species of Oreophryne (Anura, Microhylidae) from Papua New Guinea

Abstract.— I describe a new species of Oreophryne from Woodlark Island, the most isolated large island in southeastern Papua New Guinea. The new species is a member of the O. equus species group, characterized by having a “whinny” call consisting of a rapid series of high-pitched peeps. It differs from other members of that group in a combination of features, including having a cartilaginous connection between the scapula and procoracoid, well-webbed digits on the feet, fifth toe longer than the third, a largely unicolor brown dorsum, and red flash markings on the hidden surfaces of the thighs. All members of this species group inhabit the southeasternmost portion of Papua New Guinea, with most species endemic to single offshore islands. The species is common in secondary rain forests on Woodlark, but continued commercial interest in developing large-scale extractive industries on the island could potentially threaten this and other endemic species on Woodlark if developments were to occur across a large-...
Endoscopic Subperiosteal Browlift and Facelift

Endoscopic techniques for facial rejuvenation offer a variety of alternatives that can be tailored to the patient’s facial aesthetic and aging characteristics. The author approaches facial dissection in the central third of the face primarily. In cases of severe rhytidosis or excess skin, a peripheral skin excision with minimal undermining can be added. Step by step descriptions of the author’s preferred techniques are illustrated. A classification of subperiosteal lifts for better understanding of the complex methods of rejuvenation is introduced.
Operators on Hilbert Space

A large area of current research interest is centered around the theory of operators on Hilbert space. Several other chapters in this book will be devoted to this topic.
La distribución salarial y su relación con el tamaño de la empresa. El caso de los Estados Unidos

La desigualdad salarial en los Estados Unidos ha sido objeto de numerosas investigaciones que no han tenido en cuenta la relacion entre el tamano de la empresa y la distribucion salarial. En el presente estudio se descomponen las diferencias salariales entre grandes, medianas y pequenas empresas de 1992 a 2012, identificando los efectos y rendimientos de las caracteristicas observadas de los trabajadores, asi como la desigualdad residual. En ese periodo los tres tamanos de empresa convergieron hacia una mayor uniformidad y hubo un aumento generalizado de la desigualdad salarial, principalmente en la mitad superior de la distribucion y en las grandes empresas, que presentan el mayor nivel de desigualdad residual.
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon in an infant: Successful treatment with prednisolone, vincristine, and addition of sirolimus

A full-term newborn with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) affecting the right thigh with thrombocytopenia due to Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) was referred to our center. After biopsy, he rapidly evolved to severe thrombocytopenia and severe coagulopathy. Standard therapy was initiated with prednisolone and vincristine. His coagulopathy worsened to life-threatening hemorrhage necessitating aggressive blood products replacement. Sirolimus was added; he became transfusion independent with no further bleeding and reduction in tumor size. Addition of sirolimus to treatment of vascular anomalies with hemostatic complications should be considered as part of early treatment for patients with KMP/KHE.
The Production of Ethylene by Penicillium Digitatum

P. digitatum does not require any specific nitrogen source to produce ethylene. If organic and inorganic nitrogen compounds allowed growth, ethylene was produced. No specific carbon source is neces...
Secular and Post-secular in China and the West: A Response to Ping-cheung Lo

Ping-cheung Lo’s reading of Yang Huilin’s oeuvre, particularly his early work, argues that Yang’s theological discourse is a means of ushering secularism into China rather than, as is the case with...
Analysis of Concrete Pavement Blowups

Concrete pavement blowups are caused by axial compression forces induced into the pavement by a rise in temperature and moisture. Although many papers and reports were published on this subject, research in this area has not resulted in an understanding of the blowup mechanism and the derivation of a generally accepted analysis.
Intact Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Immuno-Isolated Human Therapeutic Antibodies from Serum

Antibody-based therapeutics have emerged as novel class of biopharmaceuticals over the last couple of decades with the advancements made in production and downstream processing technologies. The structural diversity of therapeutic antibodies has also evolved with the development of bispecific (and multispecific) antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates. With increased structural complexities and multi-modularity, there is a need to demonstrate that the entire structure is stable in vivo and arriving at its target site in an intact form. Proving that antibodies reach their target site unscathed is a challenging but essential step for showing effective delivery as well as showing whether failure in efficacy (if any) was related to its in vivo instability. This chapter describes a method for highly specific immuno-isolation followed by intact mass spectrometry of human Fc-containing antibody from serum of rats dosed with the antibody. The method provides an opportunity for evaluating antibody stability in the physiological environment by providing accurate validation of its molecular mass in vivo, as well as the potential to identify breakdown products.
Predictors of in-hospital mortality and midterm outcomes of patients successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract Objectives There is limited evidence to guide the decision to proceed with weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and approximately 30% of patients weaned "successfully" do not survive to hospital discharge. We evaluated predictors of in-hospital mortality and midterm outcomes of patients successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after support for cardiogenic shock, surviving more than 24 hours after weaning, with the aim of improving patient selection for durable weaning. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 92 patients supported on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and successfully weaned between January 2013 and February 2018. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were identified using a Cox proportional hazards model and an Akaike information criterion–selected multivariate model. Results Overall survival at hospital discharge was 64.2%; survival was 54.6% 1 year after support and 51.4% 3 years after support. A history of diabetes, previous myocardial infarction, prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, and hypoxemia at extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. At midterm follow-up, New York Heart Association class I heart function was observed in 53% of patients, class II in 19%, class III in 16%, and class IV in 12%. Average left ventricular ejection fraction was 46.5% ± 18.2%, and 50% of the patients had been readmitted to the hospital because of heart failure. Conclusions Durable extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning with acceptable midterm functional status is obtainable in well-selected patients. Previous myocardial infarction, diabetes, prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, and pulmonary dysfunction strongly predicted in-hospital mortality after venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning. In this high-risk situation, other heart replacement therapies should be considered.
The relationship between resting heart rate and aggression in males is racially variant

Although resting heart rate is thought to be a generalizable risk factor for aggression, very little research has examined whether this relationship varies by race. We addressed this limitation using longitudinal data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study. Current data are from 197 men who participated in a teenage biosocial study (mean age = 15.7 years) and adult follow-up study (mean age = 32.1 years). Teenage resting heart rate interacted with race to predict teenage and adult aggression. The relationship between heart rate and aggression was significant in White, but not in Black males. To our knowledge, this is the first study to find that the relationship between resting heart rate and aggression is racially variant, suggesting that resting heart rate may not be a generalizable biomarker for conduct problems. At an intervention-level, findings could contribute to the development of more accurate risk assessment tools that take into account racial variance in risk factors.
Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections Series: Part II: Dynamic Signaling Responses in Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections

Aortic structure and function are controlled by the coordinated actions of different aortic cells and the extracellular matrix. Several pathways have been identified that control the aortic wall in a cell-type-specific manner and play diverse roles in various phases of aortic injury, repair, and remodeling. This complexity of signaling in the aortic wall poses challenges to the development of therapeutic strategies for treating aortic aneurysms and dissections. Here, in part II of this Recent Highlights series on aortic aneurysms and dissections, we will summarize recent studies published in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology that have contributed to our knowledge of the signaling pathway-related mechanisms of aortic aneurysms and dissections.
Soil Fatigue from Induced Seismicity

Induced seismicity and the effects on civil engineering systems are not completely understood and infrequently studied. One specific area that is not well known is soil fatigue which includes factors such as understanding the natural conditions of the subsurface as well as operational parameters under short duration impulse loads. With the increase of geoinduced seismic activity, soil fatigue becomes of greater concern to structures in the vicinity of this seismic load. The foundations of these structures can be affected by impulse loads which can ultimately cause failure. The lack of quantitative data puts the reliability of these civil engineering systems at risk as they are not fully evaluated to determine if they are functioning as they are intended in the environments they are designed to support.