cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
“We’re Not Equipped”: The Paradox of Intersectional Failures in the Formation of Men’s Gender Justice Groups:

Men’s involvement in the antiviolence and women’s rights movements has increased in recent decades, but men’s groups still struggle to recognize difference among men. This study is based on a year-...
In Which the Principles of a New Phenomenological Explication of Spiritual Interiority, as Well as an Outline of its Philosophical Interpretation, are Proposed

Having uncovered and brought to light in its pristine nature the subliminal soul of man as the soil in which his very own transnatural virtualities germinate, let us now identify the principal moment in which they are actualized in its manifestation: the “spiritual act.” The spiritual act discloses an actualized circuit of the life of consciousness: spiritual interiority. Since it is on at this level that the subterranean life of the soul is installed, we may to begin with approach it with classical phenomenological principles.
Experiences of Women with Bulimia Nervosa

This chapter presents the day-to-day experiences of six college-age women living with symptoms of bulimia nervosa for a number of years. The data emerged from a broader study that looked at the experiences of these women before and after participating in an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Eating Disorder Treatment Group. This chapter will focus on the women’s experience of themselves prior to participating in the mindfulness treatment group. The women in the study ranged from first year undergraduate students to all-but-dissertation graduate students from a 5-college area in New England, USA. Sources of data included audiotaped interviews, self-portraits, and journal entries. Data was analyzed for common themes using a phenomenological Hermeneutic methodology. The themes that are presented in this chapter not only reveal participants’ fragile sense of self, but also that they cope with stress and emotions by waging war against that very vulnerable, fragile self. They are besieged by feelings of self-loathing and imperfection, and the very behaviors that are aimed at reducing these feelings only serve to create further isolation, shame, and guilt. Family and cultural influences are also reflected in the data. Findings revealed that bulimia nervosa is a mind–body disorder that requires a trauma-informed, phase model, multidisciplinary treatment approach that includes concurrent medical, nutritional, and psychological interventions.
Robotic LESS Urological Surgery: Experience and Future Perspectives

Laparoscopy has largely been embraced in urology as it can offer better cosmesis, less bleeding, diminished pain, and faster recovery. Nevertheless, for some time investigators have been exploring techniques to decrease the size and number of incisions even further. In this vain and with the aim to limit pain and decrease complications further, techniques such as NOTES (natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery) and LESS (laparoendoscopic single-site) surgery have been developed.
Cyanobacterial extract with serotonin receptor subtype 7 (5-HT 7 R) affinity modulates depression and anxiety-like behavior in mice

Marine cyanobacteria represent a unique source in the field of drug discovery due to the secondary metabolites they produce and the structural similarity these compounds have to endogenous mammalian receptor ligands. A series of cyanobacteria were subjected to extraction, fractionation by column chromatography and screened for affinity against CNS targets with a focus on serotonin receptors (5-HTRs). Out of 276 fractions screened, 21% had activity at 5-HTRs and/or the 5-HT transporter (SERT). One sample, a cyanobacterium identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as Leptolyngbya from Las Perlas archipelago in Panama, contained a fraction with noted affinity for the 5-HT7 receptor (5-HT7 R). This fraction (DUQ0002I) was screened via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections in mice using depression and anxiety assays including the forced swim, tail suspension, elevated zero maze, and light-dark preference tests. DUQ0002I decreased depression and anxiety-like behaviors in males and did not have effects in 5-HT7 R knockout or female mice. Administration of DUQ0002I to the CA1 of the hippocampus induced antidepression-like, but not anxiolytic-like behaviors. Testing of further purified materials showed no behavioral effects, leading us to hypothesize that the behavioral effects are likely caused by a synergistic effect between multiple compounds in the fraction. Finally, DUQ0002I was used in a model of neuropathic pain with comorbid depression (spared nerve injury-SNI). DUQ0002I had a similar antidepressant effect in animals with SNI, suggesting a role for the 5-HT7 R in the development of comorbid pain and depression. These results demonstrate the potential that cyanobacterial metabolites have in the field of neuropharmacognosy.
Petrological Causes of Seismic Heterogeneity in the Continental Crust

Ultimately, it is the juxtapositions of rocks with differences in physical properties that result in inhomogeneities in the transmission field of seismic energy. Fundamental differentiation of lithospheric materials into more felsic or more mafic components as a natural consequence of the ongoing chemical and thermal evolution of the Earth creates rocks with widely differing properties that are entwined, often with immense complexity, by dynamic processes. Crustal seismologists provide constraints on velocities (and sometimes densities) that have proven to be very complexly distributed. In fact, as discussed in detail in this volume, variations in velocities and densities often possess self-similarities over a wide range of scales (e.g., Holliger and Goff, this volume). Of course, these complex variations provide clues to understanding crustal structure and processes of crustal evolution.
The Clinical Profile of Atherosclerosis

Current thinking supports the belief that underlying the onset of the atherosclerotic lesion is chronic injury to the arterial endothelium. The action of shear stress as a consequence of patterns of blood flow, whether turbulent or laminar, and as engendered by branch points and flow dividers, may be the origin of the injury. A number of factors such as hypercholesterolemia, cigarette smoking, hypertension and immune complexes may act synergistically with chronic endothelial injury to increase the degree and rate of plaque formation. That the response to these risk factors, such as flow disturbances, may be influenced by variations of susceptibility of endothelial cells is suggested by the great variability of the age at onset, rate of progression among individuals, and extent of plaque size in different anatomical beds. The predisposition to the development of symptomatic atherosclerotic lesions of the extracranial carotid artery, the coronary circulation, particularly at branch points, the infrarenal aorta, the iliofemoral tract of the lower extremities, and the renal arteries, particularly their ostia, is well known. By contrast, the vessels of the upper extremity, the mid descending thoracic aorta, most of the visceral vessels, with the occasional exception of the orifices of the celiac axis and the superior mesenteric artery are rarely the site of atherosclerotic disease and even more rarely productive of symptoms. This variation in vulnerability from arterial bed to arterial bed supports the concept of heterogeneity of endothelial response.
Generality in multispecies responses to ocean acidification revealed through multiple hypothesis testing

Decades of research have demonstrated that many calcifying species are negatively affected by ocean acidification, a major anthropogenic threat in marine ecosystems. However, even closely related species may exhibit different responses to ocean acidification and less is known about the drivers that shape such variation in different species. Here, we examine the drivers of physiological performance under ocean acidification in a group of five species of turf-forming coralline algae. Specifically, quantitating the relative weight of evidence for each of ten hypotheses, we show that variation in coralline calcification and photosynthesis was best explained by allometric traits. Across ocean acidification conditions, larger individuals (measured as noncalcified mass) had higher net calcification and photosynthesis rates. Importantly, our approach was able to not only identify the aspect of size that drove the performance of coralline algae, but also determined that responses to ocean acidification were not dependent on species identity, evolutionary relatedness, habitat, shape, or structural composition. In fact, we found that failure to test multiple, alternative hypotheses would underestimate the generality of physiological performances, leading to the conclusion that each species had different baseline performance under ocean acidification. Testing among alternative hypotheses is an essential step toward determining the generalizability of experiments across taxa and identifying common drivers of species responses to global change.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Heterogeneity and Drug Response of Human Colorectal Cancer Organoids

Organoids are three-dimensional cell cultures that mimic organ functions and structures. The organoid model has been developed as a versatile in vitro platform for stem cell biology and diseases modeling. Tumor organoids are shown to share ~ 90% of genetic mutations with biopsies from same patients. However, it’s not clear whether tumor organoids recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity observed in patient tumors. Here, we used single-cell RNA-Seq to investigate the transcriptomics of tumor organoids derived from human colorectal tumors, and applied machine learning methods to unbiasedly cluster subtypes in tumor organoids. Computational analysis reveals cancer heterogeneity sustained in tumor organoids, and the subtypes in organoids displayed high diversity. Furthermore, we treated the tumor organoids with a first-line cancer drug, Oxaliplatin, and investigated drug response in single-cell scale. Diversity of tumor cell populations in organoids were significantly perturbed by drug treatment. Single-cell analysis detected the depletion of chemosensitive subgroups and emergence of new drug tolerant subgroups after drug treatment. Our study suggests that the organoid model is capable of recapitulating clinical heterogeneity and its evolution in response to chemotherapy.
Enhancing cyber-physical security in manufacturing through game-theoretic analysis

ABSTRACTModern manufacturing systems utilise cyber-physical systems that are interconnected through an Internet of Things (IoT) network. An IoT infrastructure enables cyber-physical systems to comm...
In vivo tracking of orally-administered particles within the gastrointestinal tract of murine models using multispectral optoacoustic tomography.

Abstract While particle carriers have potential to revolutionize disease treatment, using these carriers requires knowledge of spatial and temporal biodistribution. The goal of this study was to track orally administered particle uptake and trafficking through the murine gastrointestinal (GI) tract using multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). Polylactic acid (PLA) particles encapsulating AlexaFluor 680 (AF680) dye conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were orally gavaged into mice. Particle uptake and trafficking were observed using MSOT imaging with subsequent confirmation of particle uptake via fluorescent microscopy. Mice treated with PLA-AF680-BSA particles exhibited MSOT signal within the small bowel wall at 1 and 6 h, colon wall at 6, 12, and 24 h, and mesenteric lymph node 24 and 48 h. Particle localization identified using MSOT correlated with fluorescence microscopy. Despite the potential of GI tract motion artifacts, MSOT allowed for teal-time tracking of particles within the GI tract in a non-invasive and real-time manner. Future use of MSOT in conjunction with particles containing both protein-conjugated fluorophores as well as therapeutic agents could allow for non-invasive, real time tracking of particle uptake and drug delivery
Inflation targeting in high inflation emerging economies: lessons about rules and instruments

This talk emphasizes the connection between inflation targeting and monetary policy rules. Inflation targeting is not enough. You need to have a policy procedure – a policy rule – to achieve the ta...
Is Individual Child Play Therapy Effective

This article reports a systematic review of the effectiveness of individual child play therapy with children aged 4–12 on several different presenting concerns. From over 5,000 citations, 180 studi...
Maass space for lifts to GL(2) over a division quaternion algebra

Abstract Muto, Narita and Pitale construct counterexamples to the Generalized Ramanujan Conjecture for GL 2 ( B ) over the division quaternion algebra B with discriminant two via a lift from SL 2 . In this paper, we try to exactly characterize the image of this lift. The previous methods of Maass, Kohnen or Kojima do not apply here, hence we approach this problem via a combination of classical and representation theory techniques to identify the image. Crucially, we use the Jacquet Langlands correspondence described by Badulescu and Renard to characterize the representations.
Predicting High-Level Human Judgment Across Diverse Behavioral Domains

Recent advances in machine learning, combined with the increased availability of large natural language datasets, have made it possible to uncover semantic representations that characterize what people know about and associate with a wide range of objects and concepts. In this paper, we examine the power of word embeddings, a popular approach for uncovering semantic representations, for studying high-level human judgment. Word embeddings are typically applied to linguistic and semantic tasks, however we show that word embeddings can be used to predict complex theoretically- and practically- relevant human perceptions and evaluations in domains as diverse as social cognition, health behavior, risk perception, organizational behavior, and marketing. By learning mappings from word embeddings directly onto judgment ratings, we outperform a similarity-based baseline and perform favorably compared to common metrics of human inter-rater reliability. Word embeddings are also able to identify the concepts that are most associated with observed perceptions and evaluations, and can thus shed light on the psychological substrates of judgment. Overall, we provide new methods and insights for predicting and understanding high-level human judgment, with important applications across the social and behavioral sciences.
Color tuning of neurons in face patches of macaque inferior temporal cortex

Previous work has shown that under viewing conditions that break retinal mechanisms for color, one class of objects appears paradoxically colored: faces, and they look green. Interpreted within a Bayesian-observer framework, this observation makes the surprising prediction that face-selective neurons are sensitive to color and weakly biased for colors that elicit L>M cone activity (warm colors). We tested this hypothesis by measuring color-tuning responses of face-selective cells in alert macaque monkey, using fMRI-guided microelectrode recording of the middle and anterior face patches and carefully color-calibrated stimuli. The population of face-selective neurons showed significant color tuning when assessed using images that preserved the luminance contrast relationships of the original face photographs. A Fourier analysis of the color-tuning responses uncovered two components. The first harmonic was biased towards the L>M colors, consistent with the prediction. Interestingly, the second harmonic aligned with the S-cone cardinal axis, which may relate to the computation of animacy by IT cells. Significance The results provide the first quantitative measurements of the color tuning properties of face-selective neurons. The results provide insight into the neural mechanisms that could support the role of color in face perception.
Financial Statements: The Universal Language of Business

This chapter gives a cursory overview of fundamental financial and accounting principles. It reviews the three main financial statements as well as criteria used in making long-term versus short-term decisions. The financial statements are the formal methodologies for understanding a company’s performance and they are an essential and versatile tool. The success of the financial statements as a Metrics System framework can be seen in their ubiquity, from capital markets to day trading, from executive decision-makers to departmental P&L managers, from macro-economists to every individual managing their home finances. Energy strategists need to speak in the language of finance, the common tongue of business. Fluency in its components, structure, and capabilities is critical when trying to craft, communicate, and implement strategy.
Expression of tumor necrosis factor-.ALPHA.-induced protein-8-like 2 of bone marrow in children with aplastic anemia and its significance

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) in children with aplastic anemia(AA)in vitro, and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8-like 2(TIPE2) in the bone marrow, and the correlation between the level of TIPE2 mRNA with γ-interferon(IFN-γ) and IL-6 in AA patients. Methods Bone marrow samples were collected from 18 children with AA(AA group) and 8 children with bone injury (control group)who were hospitalized in Jinan Children′s Hospital from January 2012 to June 2015.MSC were isolated and cultured.The morphology of MSC was observed and immune phenotype was detected.The TIPE2 mRNA was detected by using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Different sizes had been presented in the primitive MSC of AA patients, but the third passage MSC until 80% confluence had manifested the uniform convergence with long spindle and swirl distribution.In the sixth passage, cells showed degenerative change.The primitive and first pa-ssage MSC in patients with AA was longer than that in the controls.CD73, CD105, CD44 and CD90 were expressed in MSC, while CD34, CD45, CD271 expressed rarely.The level of TIPE2 mRNA in AA patients (5.29±1.56) was obviously lower than that of the control group(8.68±2.00), and the difference was significant(t=-4.48, P 0.05). Conclusions The proliferation of MSC is significantly reduced in patients with AA.TIPE2, as an important role to stabilize the immune system, plays an important role in the occurrence of AA by its low expression and up-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors. Key words: Aplastic anemia; Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8-like 2; Mesenchymal stem cell; Inflammatory factor
Multivalvular Endocarditis Involving 3 Valves in a Nonsurgical Candidate

Infective endocarditis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Hence, early diagnosis and prompt intervention is crucial. Multivalvular endocarditis involving 3 or more valves is rarely reported with little information regarding best management or prognosis, particularly in nonsurgical patients. Conflicting guidelines regarding medical versus surgical treatment in multivalvular endocarditis exist with few studies describing the outcome of medically managed patients. We report the case of a previously healthy male presenting with infective endocarditis involving 3 valves further complicated by multiple septic emboli and deemed a nonsurgical candidate.
A comparative study to evaluate the effects of pre-chamber jet ignition for engine characteristics and emission formations at high speed

Abstract The pre-chamber ignition technology is a good solution that can make spark-ignition engines gradually more efficient. The novelty of the study is the testing of the pre-chamber jet ignition according to detailed air-fuel mixture range and fuel injection rates by combustion chambers. The main points in using this pre-chamber jet ignition were to observe the effect of reducing fuel consumption and emission formation. The tests were carried out for 0.80–1.80 lambda ranges and the pre-chamber injection/main chamber injection mass ratio ranges. A commercial RON 98 fuel was used at two ignition modes in tests for 5000 rpm high engine speed. At the pre-chamber jet ignition usage, the in-cylinder pressure for 1.00 lambda is overall 1.78% and 19.89% higher than the 0.80 lambda and the 1.80 lambda. The brake specific fuel consumption is about 8.67% lower than the spark-plug ignition usage at 0.80–1.20 lambda range. The HC formation is overall 8.12% lower than the spark-plug usage. The NOx formation for the spark-plug ignition is approximately 53.97% higher than the pre-chamber jet ignition usage as the temperature in-cylinder is high. The pre-chamber jet ignition was led to a much shorter flame development time and better combustion stability than the spark-plug.
Deep speckle correlation: a deep learning approach toward scalable imaging through scattering media

Imaging through scattering is an important yet challenging problem. Tremendous progress has been made by exploiting the deterministic input–output “transmission matrix” for a fixed medium. However, this “one-to-one” mapping is highly susceptible to speckle decorrelations – small perturbations to the scattering medium lead to model errors and severe degradation of the imaging performance. Our goal here is to develop a new framework that is highly scalable to both medium perturbations and measurement requirement. To do so, we propose a statistical “one-to-all” deep learning (DL) technique that encapsulates a wide range of statistical variations for the model to be resilient to speckle decorrelations. Specifically, we develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) that is able to learn the statistical information contained in the speckle intensity patterns captured on a set of diffusers having the same macroscopic parameter. We then show for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that the trained CNN is able to generalize and make high-quality object predictions through an entirely different set of diffusers of the same class. Our work paves the way to a highly scalable DL approach for imaging through scattering media.
Tribological interactions of 3D printed polyurethane and polyamide with water-responsive skin model

3D printing in the textile and fashion industry is a new emerging technology. Applications of 3D printing for designing clothes and other wearable accessories require tribological and biological understanding of 3D printing plastics against the complex human skin to mitigate skin-friction related ailments such as calluses and blisters. This study provides tribological insight in search of an optimal 3D printable material that has minimal friction against the skin. Two low friction 3D printable materials, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyamide (TPA) were chosen and tribological testing was carried out against a water responsive skin model. The skin model was synthesized using a gelatine based model made with cotton and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. Tribological testing of TPU/TPA against the skin model in dry and wet conditions were made. The higher coefficient of friction (COF) was observed in the wet condition compared to the dry condition. To overcome the higher friction, TPA/TPU-sodium polyacrylate composites were prepared by heat pressing that significantly reduced COF of TPU and TPA by ∼ 40% and 75%, respectively, in wet conditions.
Information Technologies: Shaping the World under the Pandemic COVID-19

The outbreak of recent pandemic COVID 19 has tempered the world's activities which has lead to complete collapse of economy at global level. In order to cope with the current situation, there are different scientific domains collaborating to develop best possible strategies to combat COVID 19. One such area include the technological aspect of information science which has greatly influenced ever since the outbreak of first incidence of COVID 19. The technological advances of IT sector has facilitated world to shape its activity. Hence the present mini review depict the latest trends such as net of things (IoT) with next-generation telecommunication networks, big-records analytics, artificial intelligence (AI) that uses deep learning techniques, e-learning, block chain technology, phygital technologies, human cloud and robotics techniques. The presented paper highlights the top 10 technological applications which are reported to shape the world under the extreme pandemic crisis. The present study is reported to be unique which envisions the role of upcoming IT technologies which are the future and drive the global organization.
Perioperative outcomes in obese women with uterine cancer

Objectives: Obesity is a known independent risk factor for endometrial cancer that is continuing to increase in incidence throughout the United States. There is limited data on perioperative outcomes among women with endometrial cancer and obesity, especially in the era of increasing prevalence of minimally invasive surgery. We examined the association between obesity and perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent hysterectomy for uterine cancer. Methods: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was utilized to identify women with uterine cancer who underwent hysterectomy between the years of 2007 and 2018. Patients were classified into body mass index (BMI) groups: normal ( Results: A total of 42,075 endometrial cancer patients including 15.2% who were normal weight, 20.1% who were overweight and 64.8% who were obese were identified. Compared to normal BMI and overweight patients, obese patients were more likely to undergo minimally invasive hysterectomy (73.7% for obese, 72.0% for overweight, 71.6% for normal BMI; P=0.0018) and were less likely to have a lymph node dissection during surgery (53.3% for obese, 60.0% for overweight, 58.9% for normal BMI; P Conclusions: Obese women with endometrial cancer who undergo hysterectomy are more likely to have minimally invasive procedures and less likely to have lymph node dissections. Those with BMI ≥50 are at higher risk for severe perioperative complications and reoperation.
Constant Elasticity of Variance (CEV) Diffusion Model

The constant elasticity of variance (CEV) spot price model is a one-dimensional diffusion model with the instantaneous volatility specified to be a power function of the underlying spot price, σ(S) = aSβ. The model has been introduced by Cox as one of the early alternatives to the geometric Brownian motion to model asset prices. The CEV process is closely related to Bessel processes and is analytically tractable, leading to closed-form options pricing formulas. Options prices in the CEV model exhibit implied volatility skews and, for β < 0, there is a positive probability of hitting zero (bankruptcy). This article surveys the CEV model. Keywords: default; credit spread; equity derivatives; credit derivatives; implied volatility skew; CEV model; bessel processes; JDCEV model; stock options
Mental health and HIV risk among african american adolescents: The role of parenting

Summary The family system is integral to adolescent mental health and HIV risk. However, few studies have addressed family variables and adolescent outcomes among African American families. This study tested a longitudinal model of parenting, adolescent mental health, and adolescent HIV risk, among a community sample of low-income, urban African American families from the Collaborative HIV prevention and AdolescentMental Health Project (CHAMP). Consistent with general adolescent population data, we expected less parental monitoring, greater psychological control and less positive parenting to increase risk for adolescent depression and conduct problems. We hypothesized that these variables would in turn increase rates of HIV risk. We followed one hundred and thirty-four African American youth and theirmaternal caregivers as part of the CHAMP project. Study variables included: positive parenting, parental monitoring, psychological control, adolescent distress, conduct problems, and recent HIV risk. We exam...
Abstract P6-01-07: Association of baseline pro-inflammatory (IL-6, CRP) and coagulation (D-dimer) markers with baseline functional status in women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing chemotherapy

Background: Pro-inflammatory and coagulation factors such as IL-6, CRP and D-dimer serve as biomarkers for aging. The utility of these markers as biologic correlates of physical function in patients with BC is not known. This study was performed to determine if baseline serum markers of inflammation (IL-6, CRP) and coagulation (D-dimer) correlate with baseline functional status in women with stage I-III BC requiring chemotherapy (chemo). Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal study that enrolled 153 women across all age groups with BC who had pre-chemotherapy peripheral blood captured for IL-6, CRP, and D-dimer and a baseline assessment of the following functional status measures: activities of daily living (Medical Outcomes Study [MOS] Physical Health); instrumental activities of daily living (IADL); self-rated Karnofsky performance status (KPS); physician-rated KPS; number of falls in last 6 months; and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Peripheral blood samples were collected for measurement of IL-6, CRP and D-dimer. Quantitative IL-6 and CRP levels were obtained using NOVEX® immunoassay (Invitrogen) and D-dimer levels were measured with Nanopia®D-dimer(Sekisui). Univariate analyses were performed to describe correlations of these three biomarkers and 6 measures of physical function. Results: 153 patients (mean age of 57.5 y, range 30-81 y) with stage I- III BC (Stages I [n=35; 23%], II [n=82; 54%], III [n=36; 24%]) were enrolled. Chemo regimens include: doxorubicin+cyclophosphamide/ paclitaxel(AC-T: 44%), docetaxel/cyclophosphamide (TC: 35%), docetaxel/carboplatin/trastuzumab (TCH: 7%) and other regimen(14%). Scores for the physical function measures are as follow: MOS (median 89, range 0-100); IADL (median 14, range 4-14); self-rated KPS (median 90, range 60-100); physician-rated KPS (median 100, range 80-100); TUG (median 9 seconds, range 5-18). Serum biomarkers measurements and distributions are listed in table 1. There were associations between decreased physical function by IADL and increased IL-6 (p Citation Format: Yuan Yuan, Nilesh Vora, Tao Feng, Joanne Mortimer, Thehang Luu, George Somlo, Joseph Chao, Vivi Tran, Shu Mi, Tim Synold, James Waisman, Laura Zavala, Vani Katheria, Arti Hurria. Association of baseline pro-inflammatory (IL-6, CRP) and coagulation (D-dimer) markers with baseline functional status in women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-01-07.
Effects of Erwinia amylovora harpin on tobacco leaf cell membranes are related to leaf necrosis and electrolyte leakage and distinct from perturbations caused by inoculated E. amylovora

Abstract We have characterized the membrane potential response of cells in tobacco leaves to externally applied or injected harpin from Erwinia amylovora (Ea321) and linked it to subsequent electrolyte leakage and eventual necrosis. We similarly examined depolarization in response to injected Ea321 cells, and mutant bacteria that are defective in harpin production. Injected and applied harpin depolarize only the H + -ATPase-dependent component of membrane potential, in contrast to injected wild-type Ea321, which greatly depolarizes both pump and diffusion potentials. The functional capacity of the H + -ATPase component is also much less impaired in harpin- than Ea321-injected leaves. Furthermore, harpin production does not account for the entire set of differences in response to injected wild-type and mutant bacteria. Membrane depolarization in response to applied harpin and necrosis induced by injected harpin are similarly concentration-dependent and directly related. Parallel inhibition of harpin-caused membrane depolarization, electrolyte leakage and necrosis by the Ca 2+ channel blocker, La 3+ , or the protein kinase inhibitor, K252a, links these events and suggests that prolonged Ca 2+ entry and phosphorylation underlie them. Although harpin similarly depolarizes leaf and suspension cell potentials, there is a substantial difference: leaf cell membranes are less sensitive and repolarize. Increased repolarization upon harpin removal points to probable reversible association with the plant cell. Dependence of repolarization upon order of harpin/fusicoccin addition suggests separate modes or sites of action.
A self organizing map approach to physiological data analysis for enhanced group performance

A self organizing map (SOM) approach was used to analyze physiological data taken from a group of subjects participating in a cooperative video shooting game. The ultimate aim was to discover signatures of group cooperation, conflict, leadership and performance. Such information could be fed back to participants in a meaningful way and ultimately increase group performance in national security applications, where the consequences of a poor group decision can be devastating. Results demonstrated that a SOM can be a useful tool in revealing individual and group signatures from physiological data and could ultimately be used to heighten group performance.
Integrative database analysis in structural genomics.

An important aspect of structural genomics is connecting coordinate data with whole-genome information related to phylogenetic occurrence, protein function, gene expression, and protein–protein interactions. Integrative database analysis allows one to survey the 'finite parts list' of protein folds from many perspectives, highlighting certain folds and structural features that stand out in particular ways.
Immunochemical studies on blood groups. Structures and immunochemical properties of nine oligosaccharides from B-active and non-B-active blood group substances of horse gastric mucosae.

Abstract Oligosaccharides from base-borohydride-treated B-active and non-B-active glycoproteins of horse stomach mucosae were purified chromatographically on Bio-Gel P-2, charcoal-Celite, paper and high pressure liquid chromatography. From colorimetric and gas-liquid Chromatographic analyses, methylation, quantitative periodate oxidation and Smith degradation, structures of nine Oligosaccharides are proposed. Seven have not been previously described. The oligosaccharide isolated in largest amount in the B-active reduced tetrasaccharide analogous to an A-active reduced oligosaccharide from pig submaxillary mucin, and a reduced octasaccharide, the largest isolated, has two B determinants and may represent full expression of B-specific biosynthetic potential of the mucosal lining. Three B-active and one non-B-active oligosaccharide possessed the core structure previously identified in Oligosaccharides from human blood group, B, HLe b , Le a and precursor I substances. Two non-B-active and one B-active compound inhibited the cross reaction of type XIV horse antipneumococcal sera with blood group substances. Terminal nonreducing α-linked d GlcNAc ( d -2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranose), previously found in Oligosaccharides of hog blood group substances, was also present in a tetrassarcharide of the non-B-active material. Oligosaccharides released from blood group glycoproteins of horse stomach mucosae are smaller and hence less heterogeneous than those from human ovarian cyst and perhaps hog A + H and human gastric mucosae.
Approximate Circle Control Design for Lightly Damped Plants

A control design technique is introduced for plants having lightly damped parasitic or uncontrolled dynamics, such as large space structures. The circular Nyquist plots of these dynamics are used to construct simple, yet accurate constraints on a reduced-order controller. Two techniques are presented for identifying these control design constraints, one using standard direct-form filters, and one using a new approximate circle filter structure.
Science as Sacred Myth? Ecospirituality in the Anthropocene Age

This chapter focuses on Universe Story/Epic of Evolution/Big History movements, forms of science-based ecospirituality that have emerged in recent decades. One of my central claims is that these narratives tend to encourage awe and wonder at scientific information and expert knowledge as that which is most ‘real’, over and above direct encounters with the natural world. As such, I question whether these new myths are likely to engender the environmental values they seek to cultivate. Everyday experiences and encounters with the natural world—encounters not filtered through scientific analysis and explanation—are likely to be devalued in this worldview. This tendency is particularly pronounced in iterations that are inspired by the work of E.O. Wilson and Richard Dawkins, both of whom promote a mythopoeic rendering of scientific information as a robust and superior rival to religion. Espousing a religion based on scientific reality, some proponents of these narratives express attitudes of intolerance toward religious and cultural traditions that do not derive meaning and value directly from science, even though these traditions may embrace green values on their own terms. As a whole these movements discourage sensory, experience-infused forms of engagement with nature that are less dependent upon and mediated by expert knowledge.
Phonon-phonon interactions: First principles theory

We present the details of a method to perform molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations without thermostat and with very small temperature fluctuations ±ΔT starting with MD step 1. It involves preparing the supercell at the time t = 0 in physically correct microstates using the eigenvectors of the dynamical matrix. Each initial microstate corresponds to a different distribution of kinetic and potential energies for each vibrational mode (the total energy of each microstate is the same). Averaging the MD runs over many initial microstates further reduces ΔT. The electronic states are obtained using first-principles theory (density-functional theory in periodic supercells). Three applications are discussed: the lifetime and decay of vibrational excitations, the isotope dependence of thermal conductivities, and the flow of heat at an interface.
Radiation, Infection, and Macrophage Function IV. Effect of Radiation on the Proliferative Abilities of Mononuclear Phagocytes in Tuberculous Lesions of Rabbits

Rabbits were irradiated with 400 to 600 rads 2 to 3 days before they were infected with BCG or with virulent tubercle bacilli. Biopsies were periodically removed from the resulting lesions and incubated for 1 hr with 3H-thymidine in vitro under hyperbaric oxygen. Twelve to 16 days after radiation there was a reduction in the percentage of mononuclear cells (macrophages and some lymphocytes) that had incorporated 3H-thymidine in the lesions. At this time, the lesions of the irradiated group were smaller than those of controls. These results can be explained by the reduction in the number of new mononuclear cells that entered the lesions of the irradiated group and support the tenet that local mononuclear cell division occurs mainly in cells that have recently emigrated from the blood stream. An alternate, but less likely, explanation of these results would be that radiation caused the bone marrow to release a higher percentage of “defective” mononuclear cells that were unable to divide, i.e., incorporate 3H-thymidine, in the lesions. The reduction produced by radiation in both local cell infiltration and local cell division would decrease the number of macrophages available to control the tuberculous infection in the host.
Stripes, spin resonance, and nodeless d -wave pairing symmetry in Fe 2 Se 2 -based layered superconductors

We calculate RPA-BCS based spin resonance spectra of newly discovered iron-selenide superconductor using two orbitals tight-binding (TB) model. The slightly squarish electron pocket Fermi surfaces (FSs) at $(\pi,0)/(0,\pi)-$momenta produce leading interpocket nesting instability at incommensurate vector $q\sim(\pi,0.5\pi)$ in the normal state static susceptibility, pinning a strong stripe-like spin-density wave (SDW) or antiferromagnetic (AFM) order at some critical value of $U$. The same nesting also induces $d_{x^2-y^2}-$pairing. The superconducting (SC) gap is nodeless and isotropic on the FSs as they are concentric to the four-fold symmetry point of the $d-$wave gap maxima, in agreement with various measurements. This induces an slightly incommensurate spin resonance with `hour-glass'-like dispersion feature, in close agreement with neutron data of chalcogenides. We also calculate $T$ pendence of the SC gap solving BCS gap equations and find that the spin resonance follows the same $T$ evolution of $\Delta(T)$ both in energy and intensity, suggesting that an itinerant weak or intermediate pair coupling theory is relevant in this system.
PERSONAL IDENTITY AND SELF-OWNERSHIP

Defenders of the thesis of self-ownership generally focus on the “ownership” part of the thesis and say little about the metaphysics of the self that is said to be self-owned. But not all accounts of the self are consistent with robust self-ownership. Philosophical accounts of the self are typically enshrined in theories of personal identity, and the paper examines various such theories with a view to determining their suitability for grounding a metaphysics of the self consistent with self-ownership. As it happens, only one such theory is suitable: the hylemorphic theory of Aristotle and Aquinas. To adopt such a theory, however, is to see that self-ownership may in some respects have implications different from those many of its defenders take it to have.
Is fine needle aspiration cytology a useful diagnostic tool for granular cell tumors? A cytohistological review with emphasis on pitfalls.

Background: Granular cell tumors (GCT) formerly known as Abrikossoff tumor or granular cell myoblastoma, are rare neoplasms encountered in the fine needle aspiration (FNA) service. Named because of their highly granular cytoplasm which is invariably positive for the S-100 antibody, the classic GCT is thought to be of neural origin. The cytomorphological features range from highly cellular to scanty cellular smears with dispersed polygonal tumor cells. The cells have abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, eccentric round to oval vesicular nuclei with small inconspicuous nucleoli. The fragility of the cells can result in many stripped nuclei in a granular background. The differential diagnosis occasionally can range from a benign or reactive process to features that are suspicious for malignancy. Some of the concerning cytologic features include necrosis, mitoses and nuclear pleomorphism. Methods: We identified 6 cases of suspected GCT on cytology within the last 10 years and compared them to their final histologic diagnoses. Results: Four had histologic correlation of GCT including one case that was suspicious for GCT on cytology and called atypical with features concerning for a malignant neoplasm. Of the other two cases where GCT was suspected, one showed breast tissue with fibrocystic changes, and the other was a Hurthle cell adenoma of the thyroid. Conclusions: These results imply that FNA has utility in the diagnosis of GCT, and should be included in the differential diagnoses when cells with abundant granular cytoplasm are seen on cytology. Careful attention to cytologic atypia, signs of reactive changes, use of immunohistochemistry, and clinical correlation are helpful in arriving at a definite diagnosis on FNA cytology.
Social support, health, and well-being among the elderly: What is the role of negative affectivity?

We examined whether dispositional negative affectivity (NA) spuriously explains the relationships between perceived social support and self-reports of well-being (depression, loneliness, and life satisfaction) and physical health among the elderly. A sample of 100 elderly adults attending a senior community center completed measures of the aforementioned variables. Maximum likelihood path analyses and commonality analyses suggested that NA spuriously explains the relationship between social support and physical health. The relationships between social support and the three measures of psychological well-being remained significant even after controlling for NA. These findings suggest that NA is an important individual difference variable to attend to when assessing the social support and physical health of the elderly.
Effects of atenolol alone, nifedipine alone and their combination on ambulant myocardial ischemia☆

The effects of atenolol (100 mg/day) and nifedipine (20 mg 3 times daily) and their combination on ambulant myocardial ischemia were investigated using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Eighteen men with symptomatic coronary artery disease, exercise-induced ischemia and minimal symptoms, underwent 4 blinded treatment periods of 2 weeks' duration (2 placebo, 1 atenolol, 1 nifedipine). Those that did not have ischemia eliminated by monotherapy received combination therapy with both drugs. Forty-eight-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring was used to quantitate ischemic parameters at the end of each period. Both nifedipine and atenolol as monotherapy reduced the number of ischemic episodes and the average duration of each episode compared with placebo (p less than 0.05). Compared with placebo, nifedipine reduced the total duration of ischemia (p less than 0.05) but the effect of atenolol on ischemia duration was of borderline significance (p = 0.066). There were no differences in reduction of ischemic parameters when atenolol was compared with nifedipine (difference not significant). In the 9 patients who continued to have ischemia with monotherapy, combination therapy eliminated it in 2 and reduced the duration by greater than 50% in the remaining patients compared with placebo. In conclusion, monotherapy with nifedipine or atenolol is similarly effective in eliminating or reducing ambulant ischemia. Combination therapy can provide additional benefit in those with continued ischemia.
Wild mouse retrovirus-induced neurogenic paralysis in laboratory mice. I: Virus replication and expression in central nervous system

Ecotropic wild mouse retrovirus (1504M)-induced neurogenic paralytic disease has been studied in inbred strains of mice. The major criterion for the successful transmission of the disease in the laboratory strains of mice is inoculation of high titer ecotropic virus in FV-1n strains of mice at newborn stage (≤ 1 day old), Hybridization studies using 1504m viral cDNA as probe indicate that in non-paralyzed mice, the inoculated virus replicates primarily in spleen tissue, whereas virus replication is evident in both spleen and central nervous system (CNS) tissue of paralyzed mice. Our studies on virus gene expression indicate that both viralgag gene product p30 andenv gene product gp70 are expressed in brain, spinal cord and spleen tissues of paralyzed mice. Together, these results indicate that inoculation of neurotropic wild mouse virus into FV-1n strains of newborn laboratory mice is necessary for the establishment of infection in CNS tissue leading to virus replication and expression and resulting in the paralytic disease.