cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Robust Vaccine Responses in Adult and Pediatric Cord Blood Transplantation Recipients Treated for Hematologic Malignancies.

Abstract Because cord blood (CB) lacks memory T and B cells and recent decreases in herd immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases in many developed countries have been documented, vaccine responses in CB transplantation (CBT) survivors are of great interest. We analyzed vaccine responses in double-unit CBT recipients transplanted for hematologic malignancies. In 103 vaccine-eligible patients, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) most commonly precluded vaccination. Sixty-five patients (63%; engrafting units median HLA-allele match 5/8; range, 2 to 7/8) received protein conjugated vaccines, and 63 patients (median age, 34 years; range, .9 to 64) were evaluated for responses. Median vaccination time was 17 months (range, 7 to 45) post-CBT. GVHD (n = 42) and prior rituximab (n = 13) delayed vaccination. Responses to Prevnar 7 and/or 13 vaccines (serotypes 14, 19F, 23F) were seen in children and adults (60% versus 49%, P = .555). Responses to tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae, and polio were observed in children (86% to 100%) and adults (53% to 89%) even if patients had prior GVHD or rituximab. CD4+CD45RA+ and CD19+ cell recovery significantly influenced tetanus and polio responses. In a smaller cohort responses were seen to measles (65%), mumps (50%), and rubella (100%) vaccines. No vaccine side effects were identified, and all vaccinated patients survived (median follow-up, 57 months). Although GVHD and rituximab can delay vaccination, CBT recipients (including adults and those with prior GVHD) have similar vaccine response rates to adult donor allograft recipients supporting vaccination in CBT recipients.
Harmonic balance and frequency-domain simulation of nonlinear microwave circuits using the block Newton method

An efficient algorithm using block Newton and chord methods for the iterative minimization of the spectral balance error in the analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits is presented. The algorithm is then used in the harmonic balance and frequency-domain spectral balance simulation of a MESFET amplifier with single-tone and two-tone excitation. >
Vitamin D and Calcium in the Prevention of Prostate and Colon Cancer: New Approaches for the Identification of Needs

Identification of the mechanisms involved in the pathology of nutrient deficiency provides an understanding of nutrient functions, their role in metabolism, and interactions between nutrients. However, evidence has emerged in recent years that low (suboptimal) intakes of micronutrients are associated with an elevated risk of chronic diseases. The description of micronutrient associations with chronic disease as a deficiency disease does not capture the complexity of these relations. It implies a significant oversimplification of this relation and detracts from the need for development of new approaches to this area of study. Epidemiologic study designs are essential for progress in understanding the micronutrient-chronic-disease relations, and these are described. Two areas wherein epidemiological tools could be incorporated into experimental designs have been vitamin D and prostate cancer, and vitamin D and colon cancer. In each case, biomarkers of exposure, intermediary markers, and mechanisms have been identified and could be implemented in new experimental designs. Measures of exposure would be improved by incorporation of measurements of vitamin D status such as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements. Several intermediary markers are discussed and may be useful in the characterization of responses. Such developments should aid in the interpretation of studies and identify vitamin D, as well as calcium intakes, that will aid in the prevention of prostate and colon cancer.
Largest and Smallest Minimal Percolating Sets in Trees

Originally introduced by Chalupa, Leath and Reich for use in modeling disordered magnetic systems, $r$-bootstrap percolation is the following deterministic process on a graph. Given an initial infected set, vertices with at least $r$ infected neighbors are infected until no new vertices can be infected. A set percolates if it infects all the vertices of the graph, and a percolating set is minimal if no proper subset percolates. We consider minimal percolating sets in finite trees. We show that if $A$ is a minimal percolating set on a tree $T$ with $n$ vertices and $\ell$ vertices of degree less than $r$ (leaves in the case $r=2$), then $\frac{(r-1)n+1}{r} \leq |A| \leq \frac{rn+\ell}{r+1}$. Moreover, we show that the difference between the sizes of a largest and smallest minimal percolating sets is at most $\frac{(r-1)(n-1)}{r^2}$. Finally, we describe $O(n)$ algorithms for computing the largest (for $r=2$) and smallest (for $r \geq 2$) minimal percolating sets.
Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on Prolactin Secretion in Three Species of Passerine Birds

Previous work on domesticated species has indicated that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an important prolactin-releasing factor in these birds, but no comparative work in passerine birds has been reported. This study showed that iv injections of VIP (50‐100 mg/kg body mass) result in a dramatic, but transitory, rise in plasma prolactin in Mexican jays (Aphelocoma ultramarina). Significant increases in prolactin were also observed following VIP injection in blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) and zebra finches (Poephilla guttata). At the dosage we used, maximum levels of prolactin attained were slightly lower (Mexican jays) or very similar (blue jay and zebra finch) to the maximum prolactin levels observed in other, breeding birds of the same species. In zebra finches that initially had low prolactin, VIP injection resulted in a greater than 10-fold increase in prolactin within 10 min, but those individuals that already had elevated prolactin showed no further increase in response to VIP. Slow-release pellets of VIP implanted subcutaneously in Mexican jays and releasing 10 or 15 mg VIP/day (two or three pellets) produced a significant increase in plasma prolactin (78 and 92% rise, respectively) compared to birds with placebo pellets or with with one pellet releasing only 5 mg/day. r 1999 Academic Press
Profiling Individual Surgeon Performance Using Information from a High-Quality Clinical Registry: Opportunities and Limitations.

Background There is increasing interest in profiling the quality of individual medical providers. Valid assessment of individuals should highlight improvement opportunities, but must be considered in the context of limitations. Study Design High quality clinical data from the American College of Surgeons NSQIP, gathered in accordance with strict policies and specifications, was used to construct individual surgeon-level assessments. There were 39,976 cases evaluated, performed by 197 surgeons across 9 hospitals. Both 2-level (cases by surgeon) and 3-level (cases by surgeon by hospital) risk-adjusted, hierarchical regression analyses were performed. Outcomes were 30-day postoperative morbidity, surgical site infection, and mortality. Surgeon performance was compared in both absolute and relative terms. "Signal-to-noise" reliability was calculated for surgeons and models. Projected case requirements for reliability levels were generated. Results Surgeon performances could be distinguished to different degrees: morbidity distinguished best, mortality least. Outliers could be identified for morbidity and infection, but not mortality. Reliability was also highest for morbidity and lowest for mortality. Even models with high overall reliability did not assess all providers reliably. Incorporating institutional effects had predictable effects: penalizing providers at "good" institutions, benefiting providers at "poor" institutions. Conclusions Individual surgeon profiles can, at times, be distinguished with moderate or good reliability, but to different degrees in different models. Absolute and relative comparisons are feasible. Incorporating institutional level effects in individual provider modeling presents an interesting policy dilemma, appearing to benefit providers at "poor-performing" institutions, but penalizing those at "high-performing" ones. No portrayal of individual medical provider quality should be accepted without consideration of modeling rationale and, critically, reliability.
A distributed control of input-series-output-parallel bidirectional dc-dc converter modules applied for 20 kVA solid state transformer

This paper proposes an input-series-output-parallel bidirectional dc-dc converter with an identically distributed control for 20 kVA solid state transformer. The proposed ISOP converter employs ZVS technique combined with low-voltage MOSFETs to achieve low switching and conduction losses under high frequency operation, and therefore high efficiency and high power density. The proposed control scheme provides plug-and-play capability and high-level fault-tolerance. Another advantage is the power rating can be easily extended further by directly connecting multiple ISOP converters in input-parallel-out-parallel. Finally, the simulation and experimental results of an ISOP converter consisting of three modules are presented to verify the theoretical analysis.
STAT3 Target Genes Relevant to Human Cancers

Since its discovery, the STAT3 transcription factor has been extensively studied for its function as a transcriptional regulator and its role as a mediator of development, normal physiology, and pathology of many diseases, including cancers. These efforts have uncovered an array of genes that can be positively and negatively regulated by STAT3, alone and in cooperation with other transcription factors. Through regulating gene expression, STAT3 has been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in many cellular processes including oncogenesis, tumor growth and progression, and stemness. Interestingly, recent studies suggest that STAT3 may behave as a tumor suppressor by activating expression of genes known to inhibit tumorigenesis. Additional evidence suggested that STAT3 may elicit opposing effects depending on cellular context and tumor types. These mixed results signify the need for a deeper understanding of STAT3, including its upstream regulators, parallel transcription co-regulators, and downstream target genes. To help facilitate fulfilling this unmet need, this review will be primarily focused on STAT3 downstream target genes that have been validated to associate with tumorigenesis and/or malignant biology of human cancers.
Pharmacologic specificity of tolerance to caffeine-induced stimulation of locomotor activity

The pharmacologic specificity of tolerance to caffeine-induced stimulation of locomotor activity was studied in adult male rats that were given access to either caffeine solution (0.5 or 1.0 mg/ml) or plain water for 10 min every 6 h on a chronic daily basis; daily caffeine intake averaged 41 and 62 mg/kg, respectively. Dose-effect curves were determined for behavioral stimulant and depressant drugs in control and caffeine-treated groups. Drugs were injected IP and locomotor activity was measured for 30 min beginning 35 min later. Rats tolerant to stimulation of locomotor activity by caffeine were also tolerant to theophylline and 7-(2-chloroethyl)theophylline, but not to any of six nonxanthine stimulants, including cocaine, methylphenidate, and d-amphetamine. The adenosine analogs, R(−)-N6-2-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine(R(−)-PIA) and 5′-(N-ethyl)carboxamidoadenosine (NECA), decreased locomotor activity of control and caffeine-treated (0.5 mg/ml) rats; dose-effect curves in rats consuming caffeine chronically were displaced to the right of the control curves by 10-fold for R(−)-PIA and 100-fold for NECA. Dose-effect curves for the nonadenosine behavioral depressants chlorpromazine and diazepam were unchanged by chronic treatment with caffeine, but the curve for pentobarbital, which is thought to inhibit adenosine receptor binding, was shifted to the right by a factor of 3. Rats withdrawn from chronic caffeine for 24 h were still completely tolerant to caffeine-induced stimulation of locomotor activity. Dose-effect curves for R(−)-PIA and d-amphetamine in rats withdrawn from chronic caffeine for 24 h were not different from curves in control animals. These results indicate that tolerance to caffeine-induced stimulation of locomotor activity is specific to the methylxanthine class of stimulants and is not a property of nonxanthine psychomotor stimulants. Furthermore, the adenosine-antagonist activity of caffeine remains evident even in rats completely tolerant to the stimulant effect of caffeine. These results provide no support for the view that caffeine tolerance is due to enhanced sensitivity of central adenosine systems.
Chemical and biological sensors based on optically confined birefringent chalcopyrite heterostructures

This paper introduces and discusses the design and application(s) of a new and unique integrated solid-state molecular sensor (SSMS) system. The SSMS is based on optically confined birefringent heterostructure technology, which has the capability of recognizing target chemicals and biological molecules in an ambient environment. The SSMS technology is applicable for miniaturized sensor devices that can be used for quick, remote screening and recognition of chemical hazards in the environment. For example, trace impurities related to air/water pollution can be continuously monitored. Just as important, however, the SSMS technology will have a worldwide impact */economically as well as technologically */when used in the detection of chemical and biological agents, as well as for a variety of medical sensing applications, such as to identify and monitor complex biological structures, test for allergic reactions and screen for common diseases. Moreover, it could hasten the time of development and
The Algebra and Combinatorics of Shuffles andMultiple Zeta Values

The algebraic and combinatorial theory of shuffles, introduced by Chen and Ree, is further developed and applied to the study of multiple zeta values. In particular, we establish evaluations for certain sums of cyclically generated multiple zeta values. The boundary case of our result reduces to a former conjecture of Zagier.
Neuroprotection by Interleukin-6 Is Mediated by Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 and Antioxidative Signaling in Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose—Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in brain ischemic injury. However, its molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective role of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) by IL-6 in the reactive oxygen species defense system after transient focal cerebral ischemia (tFCI). Methods—IL-6 was injected in mice before and after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Coimmunoprecipitation assays were performed for analysis of an IL-6R association after tFCI. Primary mouse cerebral cortical neurons were transfected with small interfering RNA probes targeted to IL-6Rα or gp130 and were used for chromatin-immunoprecipitation assay, luciferase promoter assay, and cell viability assay. Reduction in infarct volumes by IL-6 was measured after tFCI. Results—IL-6R was disrupted through a disassembly between IL-6Rα and gp130 associated by protein oxidation after reperfusion after tFCI. This suppressed phosphorylation of signal transd...
The detection of dielectric spheres submerged in water

The basic theory is developed for the use of lateral electromagnetic waves to detect dielectric spheres submerged in fresh or salt water or human flesh. The source and receiver are, respectively, center-driven and center-loaded eccentrically insulated dipoles. A numerical example is computed to determine the magnitude of the scattered field that must be detected. >
Coarsening resistance at 400 °C of precipitation-strengthened Al–Zr–Sc–Er alloys

Abstract The effect of substituting 0.01 or 0.02 at.% Er for Sc in an Al–0.06 Zr–0.06 Sc at.% alloy was studied to develop cost-effective high-temperature aluminum alloys for aerospace and automotive applications. Spheroidal, coherent, L12-ordered Al3(Sc, Zr, Er) precipitates with a structure consisting of an Er-enriched core surrounded by a Sc-enriched inner shell and a Zr-enriched outer shell (core/double-shell structure) were formed after aging at 400 °C. This core/double-shell structure strengthens the alloy, and renders it coarsening resistant for at least 64 days at 400 °C. This structure is formed due to sequential precipitation of solute elements according to their diffusivities, D, where DEr > DSc > DZr at 400 °C. Zr and Er are effective replacements for Sc, accounting for 33 ± 1% of the total precipitate solute content in an Al–0.06 Zr–0.04 Sc–0.02 Er at.% alloy aged at 400 °C for 64 days. Er accelerates precipitation kinetics at 400 °C, resulting in: (i) strengthening due to the elimination of lobed-cuboidal precipitates in favor of spheroidal precipitates; and (ii) a decrease in the incubation time for nucleation because DEr > DSc. Finally, a two-stage aging treatment (24 h at 300 °C + 8 h at 400 °C) provides peak microhardness due to optimization of the nanostructure.
Effect of hypophysectomy on immunological recovery after sublethal irradiation of adult rats.

SummaryRecovery of total leukocyte count, hemagglutinating antibody formation to sheep erythrocytes, and skin allograft rejection was defective after sublethal irradiation in adult hypophysectomized rats. These findings could possibly be interpreted as interference of thymus function by hypophysectomy in immunologic recovery after irradiation.
Transpetrosal access to meningiomas juxtaposing the temporal bone

Meningiomas arising from the pretroclival dura have presented a challenge to both otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons. Access by means of subtemporal, suboccipital, translabyrinthine, or transcochlear routes have inherent limitations both surgically as well as from resultant morbidity. Since 1988, the authors have used a transetrosal tanstentorial (combined subtemporal suboccipital presigmoid) approach to these lesions in selected cases. The goal of this techniques have been to preserve function of the cranial nerves, to avoid excessive retraction of the temporal lobe and cerebellum, and to eliminate damage to the venous sinus and Labbe's vein
Sinonasal extramedullary plasmacytoma: a population‐based incidence and survival analysis

Background Sinonasal extramedullary plasmacytoma (SN-EMP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm. Published literature on this tumor largely consists of case reports and case-series with small sample sizes. This study analyzed population-based data on SN-EMP patients to understand demographic and clinical features as well as incidence and survival trends. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried for SN-EMP and other head and neck EMP (HN-EMP) cases from 1973 to 2011. Cases were analyzed to determine patient demographics, initial treatment modality, and survival outcomes. Results Of 778 patients identified with EMP in the head and neck region, 367 patients had SN-EMP and 411 had other HN-EMP. There was a strong male predilection found, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.65:1 in the SN-EMP group and 1.87:1 in the other HN-EMP group. The majority of the patients presented with localized disease in both SN-EMP (84.4%) and other HN-EMP (81.0%) groups. The most common treatment modality reported in this database was surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy in both SN-EMP (46.3%) and other HN-EMP (38.9%) groups, followed by radiotherapy alone (SN-EMP: 40.7%; other HN-EMP: 34.2%). Five-year and 10-year disease-specific survival rates were comparable between SN-EMP (88.2% and 83.3%, respectively) and other HN-EMP (90.0% and 87.4%, respectively) (p = 0.6016 and p = 0.4015, respectively). Conclusion This study analyzed the largest cohort of SN-EMP patients to date. There was no statistically significant survival advantage found for any 1 particular treatment modality over other treatment modalities in both SN-EMP and other HN-EMP.
Overview of NASA scatterometers projects

NASA has a long-term commitment to ocean wind remote sensing, starting from the SEASAT-A Satellite Scatterometer (SASS), through the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT), to SEAWINDS. The purpose of the paper is to first present the evolution of this overall scatterometer program and the future direction. The authors then present an overview of the end-to-end system design, key system parameters, system performance, current status, and the operational timeline of NSCAT. Finally, a summary of the SEAWINDS system design, key parameters, and expected performance is presented.
Ein Beitrag zur Züchtung von Quecksilber(II)‐jodid‐Einkristallen

Versuche zur Zuchtung von HgJ2-Einkristallen in der roten Modifikation fuhrten zu dem Ergebnis, das Methoden der Losungskristallisation am geeignetsten sind. Unter den organischen Losungsmitteln haben sich Methylenjodid und 1.2-Dibromathan besonders bewahrt. Auch aus wasserigen KJ-Losungen konnten rote HgJ2-Kristalle mit vorwiegend dipyramidalem Habitus gewonnen werden. Experimente mit Hilfe des Temperaturdiffernzverfahrens innerhalb des Ostwald-Miers-Bereichs fuhrten nicht zum Ziel. Erfolgreich waren dagegen Versuche mit verschiedenen Losungsgenossen, von denen sich in erster Linie Aceton positiv auswirkte. It has been shown by experiments that crystallization from solutions is the most suitable method for growing single crystals of HgJ2. Methylene iodide and 1,2-dibromoethane were found to be favourable organic solvents. Red HgJ2-crystals with predominantly dipyramidal habit were also obtained from aqueous solutions of KJ. Experiments in the metastable region by means of the temperature difference method were not succesful. However with different agents added to the solution particularly acetone positive results could be obtained.
Cladistic and phenetic estimates of relationship among genera of eupomphine blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae)

. The Eupomphina includes seven distinctive genera of Meloidae from the arid and semiarid zones of North America. Cladistic and phenetic estimates of relationship among genera are analysed and discussed. Both adult and larval characters are used, and the relative contribution of each to the classification of the subtribe is examined. Generic keys to adults and first instar larvae are included.
Real Mental Health Parity

Advocates for political and legislative changes to the American health system posit that getting more (or all) people insured will resolve the inequalities in health care. That overlooks the disparity in the present system between mental and other health problems. Compromised and dated attempts by Congress and state lawmakers to create mental health parity made insignificant changes in access to care for those with mental illness. This unprotected class has all the qualifications for recognition as suspect (or semi-suspect) but the Supreme Court has not regarded it so. Fear, stereotyping and lack of information has historically and contemporaneously led to discriminatory treatment and the embrace of policies and practices that have a tragically disparate impact upon the emotionally unwell. Insurers and benefit plan sponsors can discriminate without economic justification. Civil Rights laws aimed at protecting the disabled are better suited to problems connected with physical disabilities. Definitions and accommodations needed for the mentally ill have not been advanced in decades of litigation. However, if the data in this research is credible, mental health parity is economically efficient, both in reducing other health care costs and in maximizing the utility of an employee with untreated problems.
Gerald J. Baldasty, The Commercialization of News in the Nineteenth Century. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992. xii + 227 pp. Cloth, $60. Paper $22.95.

(1994). Gerald J. Baldasty, The Commercialization of News in the Nineteenth Century. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992. xii + 227 pp. Cloth, $60. Paper $22.95. American Journalism: Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 78-79.
Amusing ourselves to death: Public discourse in the age of show business: By Neil Postman New York: Viking, 1985, Penguin, 1986, 180 pp., $15.95 (cloth), $6.95 (paper)

(1988). Amusing ourselves to death: Public discourse in the age of show business. The Social Science Journal: Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 386-388.
Application of Model-based Design in the PLC Control System

By an example of elevator control,this paper introduces a new method for developing a PLC control system: model-based design. Firstly,we create a 4-floor elevator model by using Simulink / Stateflow,and converted it to structural text by means of automatic codeconverting tool Simulink PLC Coder brought by MATLAB. Then,we import the code to the PLC programming software RSLogix 5000 to get a function block of the elevator model. Finally,the elevator control program is formulated on this base. The test result shows that the new method for developing PLC control systems is practicable and efficient.
Development of a Gap Triggering Electronics Device for Series Compensation Protection

Gap triggering electronic device (GTED)is very important for the series compensation project.Whether the designing idea is reasonable or its performance is reliable determines the stability of the whole system directly.The principles of power supply by laser,status supervisor,and gap triggering of GTED based on complex programable logic device(CPLD)are elaborated.Moreover,the problems such as anti-interference which should be resolved in the design process by the large number of tests are illustrated.
Conjugated Polyelectrolytes with Imidazolium Solubilizing Groups. Properties and Application to Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria

This article reports an investigation of the photophysical properties and the light- and dark-biocidal activity of two poly(phenyleneethynylene) (PPE)-based conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) bearing cationic imidazolium solubilizing groups. The two polymers feature the same PPE-type backbone, but they differ in the frequency of imidazoliums on the chains: PIM-4 features two imidazolium units on every phenylene repeat, whereas PIM-2 contains two imidazolium units on every other phenylene unit. Both polymers are very soluble in water and polar organic solvents, but their propensity to aggregate in water differs with the density of the imidazolium units. The polymers are highly fluorescent, and they exhibit the amplified quenching effect when exposed to a low concentration of anionic electron-acceptor anthraquinone disulfonate. The CPEs are also quenched by a relatively low concentration of pyrophosphate by an aggregation-induced quenching mechanism. The biocidal activity of the cationic imidazolium CPEs wa...
Whorf's Lost Argument: Multilingual Awareness

Debates about linguistic relativity commonly focus on one question: Does language affect thought? This yes-or-no question does not do justice to the complexity of Whorf's ideas and skirts several issues of great importance to Whorf. My first aim in this article is to recover the arguments that got lost in translation of Whorf's ideas into the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. I will show that, for Whorf, languages were also one of the ways in which we think, scientists were not immune to language effects, and the key to advancement of Western science was multilingual awareness. My second aim is to draw on these insights to articulate a Whorfian agenda for the field of second language acquisition (SLA) that asks new questions about second language learning and cognition and expands the boundaries of the field and the scope, duration, and locations of SLA research.
Effect of lanthanum on pancreatic protein synthesis in streptozotocin-diabetic rats

The role of extracellular Ca2+ in mediating the stimulatory effect of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) on [3H]phenylalanine incorporation into protein was studied in isolated pancreatic acini from streptozotocin-diabetic rats. The stimulatory effect of CCK8 (10(-10) M) on [3H]phenylalanine incorporation was completely abolished by preincubating acini with either 10(-4) M lanthanum or 10(-3) M manganese. At these concentrations neither compound altered the basal rate of amino acid incorporation, and both compounds inhibited CCK-mediated Ca2+ influx without affecting either basal or CCK-mediated 45Ca2+ efflux. Lanthanum (10(-4) M) also blocked the stimulatory effect of the cholinergic analogue carbachol (10(-5) M) on amino acid incorporation but did not alter the stimulatory effect of insulin (1.67 x 10(-8) M). Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate failed to increase the incorporation of [3H]phenylalanine into acinar protein. These findings suggest that CCK and other pancreatic secretagogues that act via Ca2+ enhance protein synthesis by increasing cell membrane permeability to Ca2+ and provide additional evidence that this may be an important mechanism by which CCK regulates pancreatic exocrine function.
Retributivism has a past : has it a future?

Preface One: Can Twenty-first Century Punishment Policies be Justified in Principle? Michael Tonry, University of Minnesota Two: What Does Wrongdoing Deserve? John Kleinig, CUNY Three: Is Twenty-first Century Punishment Post-Desert? Matt Matravers, York University Four: Responsibility, Restoration, and Retribution R. A. Duff, University of Minnesota Five: Punishment and Desert-adjusted Utilitarianism Jesper Ryberg, Roskilde University, Copenhagen Six: The Future of State Punishment: The Role of Public Opinion in Sentencing Julian V. Roberts, Oxford University Seven: A Political Theory of Imprisonment for Public Protection Peter Ramsay, London School of Economics Eight: Terror as a Theory of Punishment Alice Ristroph, Seton Hall University Nine: Can Above-desert Penalties Be Justified by Competing Deontological Theories? Richard S. Frase, University of Minnesota Ten: Never Mind the Pain It's a Measure! Justifying Measures as Part of the Dutch Bifurcated System of Sanctions Jan de Keijser, University of Leiden Eleven: Retributivism, Proportionality, and the Challenge of the Drug Court Movement Douglas Husak, Rutgers University Twelve: Drug Treatment Courts as Communicative Punishment Michael M. O'Hear, Marquette University Thirteen: Reflections on Punishment Futures: The Desert-Model Debate and the Importance of the Criminal Law Context Andreas von Hirsch, Cambridge University
Corporate Sponsorship Effects in Business-to-Business Markets

Despite the prominence of B2B sponsorship in practice and scholars’ recognition of the importance of B2B sponsorship objectives, studies evaluating business-to-consumer (B2C) sponsorship objectives and execution still dominate published research on the topic. While the line between industrial and consumer marketing has been somewhat blurred (Wind 2006), stark distinctions remain between the nature of B2B customer and supplier relationships and the concentrated structure of the B2B marketplace compared to consumer markets. A standardized consumer-centric approach to understanding a marketing tool as versatile as sponsorship is therefore inadequate (Crowley 1991).
“Seeing Greater Distances”: An Interview with Peggy Mohan on the Voyages of Indo-Caribbean Women

Peggy ’s 2007 novel Jahajin depicts the challenges faced by Indian women who indentured in Trinidad, as well as the rippling effects of indenture, migration, and colonization on their descendants. In this interview, Mohan discusses her novel and the interviews she conducted with formerly indentured laborers, which were the inspiration for Jahajin. She emphasizes the role that Indian women played in formulating a community in the Caribbean, the cycles of violence that these women faced, and the importance of oral narratives in understanding women’s experience of indenture. Her work thus contributes to a growing body of Indo-Caribbean feminist scholarship on the alternative forms of narratives that women have employed to pass down knowledge and culture, and the often-problematic gender dynamics that emerged out of indenture.
The 21st Century Cures Act - A View from the NIH.

The Cures Act that President Obama has signed into law will provide the National Institutes of Health with critical tools and resources to advance biomedical research across the spectrum from basic, curiosity-driven studies to advanced trials of promising therapies.
Numerical analysis of radiation characteristics of antennas on space probes

Although wire antennas mounted on space probes find many practical applications in communications and electromagnetic radiation, there exists only a limited number of articles addressing this type of antenna system. In this research, we present a numerical analysis of such antennas with probes having arbitrary geometry and material properties. We first present numerical results for simple geometries for which a comparison can be made with previously published results. We then analyze more complicated and practical radiators to illustrate the efficacy and capability of our numerical approach. Excellent agreement is observed for all the comparisons made further demonstrating the accuracy of the present method.
Clinical and pathological outcomes for patients with T1HG bladder cancer managed with upfront cystectomy with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the impact of the MDACC high-risk features.

366Background: In muscle invasive bladder cancer there is an increased risk for systemic disease identified for patients with certain high risk features (HRF): pre-operative hydronephrosis (POH), l...
Sharing travel stories and behavioral outcomes: A case of travel

Abstract The benefits of tourism have been drawing a great deal of attention from tourists, community, and society alike. This study investigates how tourists' story sharing activities influence their post-purchase behavioral process, depending on different communication conditions. Two 2x2 between-subject experiments were conducted with recent travelers in the U.S. Results reveal tourists' post-purchase behavioral processes depend on what, how, and with whom they engage in post-trip story sharing activity. Findings contribute to the literature on purchase-driven happiness, self-enhancement, well-being, and communications by providing evidence on how different communication conditions alter the effects of tourists' story sharing on their post-purchase behavioral outcomes. Findings also suggest that destination marketers should apply strategies to encourage tourists’ story sharing activity.
Cold War North Korea and United States naval intelligence

On 23 January 1968, the North Korean Navy attacked and captured the USS Pueblo, a United States naval intelligence collection ship in international waters off the coast of North Korea. The USS Pueblo was one of a group of AGER ships created to provide intelligence from the Sea of Japan during the Cold War. This article discusses the growing hostilities of North Korea during the Cold War and uses recently declassified documents to illustrate the naval intelligence efforts of the United States to monitor the North Korean threat.
Scaffolding self-regulated learning through student-generated quizzes:

Self-regulated learning assumes learners are active agents who can establish and make progress toward learning goals. Classroom activities can facilitate the emergence of self-regulated learning. O...
Potassium channel gain of function in epilepsy: an unresolved paradox

Exome and targeted sequencing have revolutionized clinical diagnosis. This has been particularly striking in epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders, for which new genes or new variants of preexisting candidate genes are being continuously identified at increasing rates every year. A surprising finding of these efforts is the recognition that gain of function potassium channel variants are actually associated with certain types of epilepsy, such as malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy or early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. This development has been difficult to understand as traditionally potassium channel loss-of-function, not gain-of-function, has been associated with hyperexcitability disorders. In this article, we describe the current state of the field regarding the gain-of-function potassium channel variants associated with epilepsy (KCNA2, KCNB1, KCND2, KCNH1, KCNH5, KCNJ10, KCNMA1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, and KCNT1) and speculate on the possible cellular mechanisms behind the development of seizures and epilepsy in these patients. Understanding how potassium channel gain-of-function leads to epilepsy will provide new insights into the inner working of neural circuits and aid in developing new therapies.
Challenging Myths About Teaching and Learning Chemistry

The last chapter in the first part of the Section I “Teaching and Learning Chemistry” by Bunce entitled “Challenging Myths about Teaching and Learning Chemistry” argues about students’ learning chemistry never the less teaching is active or it comprises different multimodel representational approaches. Some things in education are repeated so often that they become embedded in the collective memory of both students and teachers. We have come to accept as “truths” such things, for example, students’ attention during lecture, the use of modern technology will increase students’ achievements in chemistry, students just memorize the learning material and do not study for understanding, students forget most of what they learn in chemistry immediately after completing an exam… Bunce discusses further in the chapter about the proofs to support the acceptance of these ideas within the academic community and she tries to explore the truth behind these beliefs and some of the intervening variables that affect their measurement and interpretation. The goal of this chapter is to move our knowledge of how students learn from unsubstantiated opinion to a more accurate research-based foundation.
Protein Synthesis and Secretion

From a biochemical viewpoint, protein synthesis has probably been investigated more intensively in the liver than in any other organ. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for studies at the tissue level within the simple liver acinus (see Chapter 1 for anatomical considerations).
An expert advisor for photolithography

The Photolithography Advisor is a program for the diagnosis and correction of negative resist photolithography defects occurring during integrated circuit fabrication. Given a set of observed symptoms on a wafer, the Advisor diagnoses defects due to these symptoms and recommends corrective action for each. An early prototype of the program was tested in a research lab, where experimental ICs were processed. A more thorough experiment is now in progress to measure the system's performance in a manufacturing environment.
Suicidality among gambling helpline callers: A consideration of the role of financial stress and conflict.

Background and objectives High rates of suicidal ideation and attempts secondary to gambling are well established among those with gambling disorders. The present study explores potential risk factors for suicidal ideation and/attempt among a sample of help-line callers. Methods Participants (N = 202) completed measures assessing demographics; gambling behavior; and financial, family/social, employment, substance use, and legal difficulties related to gambling. Bivariate analyses, logistic regression, and mediation analyses were used to explore relationship between predictors and risk of suicidal ideation and attempt. Results Female gender, gambling severity (including engagement in illegal behaviors), a history of mental health problems, financial problems, and conflict related to gambling were associated with current suicidality in this sample. Mediation analyses revealed that financial problems were associated with increased familial conflict, which was in turn associated with increased suicidality. Conclusions Family and social conflict may be one important way in which financial problems confer risk for suicidality among problem gamblers. These results align with findings from the substance use disorder (SUD) literature and highlight one potential factor that may merit further assessment and/or intervention. Scientific significance Researchers and clinicians may want to consider the overall level of conflict a patient is experiencing when assessing suicide risk among individuals with gambling problems. Professionals may also want to consider the suitability of interventions to address conflict within the context of gambling treatment. (Am J Addict 2018;27:531-537).
Trend and Outcomes of Direct Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement from a Single-Center Experience

When transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) was introduced, pre-implantation balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) was a routine part of the procedure. Smaller device profiles have resulted in selective use of BAV; however, there is a paucity of data about the trend in use of direct TAVR and the safety of this strategy. All patients who underwent TAVR at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center from September 2013 to November 2016 were included in this retrospective analysis. We reviewed angiography films and verified with procedure reports to assess if direct TAVR was performed. Troponin T was assessed within 72 h after the TAVR. Multivariate analysis examined the association between direct TAVR and periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) or 1-year mortality. Overall, 207 patients were available for analysis. The mean follow-up was 13.3 months. A balloon-expandable valve was used 93.2% of the time, and 35.3% of patients were treated with conscious sedation. Periprocedural MI or 1-year mortality occurred in 12.5% of the direct TAVR group versus 18.3% of the pre-implantation BAV group (p = 0.30). After controlling for potential confounding variables, direct TAVR was not associated with periprocedural MI or 1-year mortality. Direct TAVR appears to be safe and is not associated with periprocedural MI or 1-year mortality. With current generation devices, this strategy can be considered for most patients undergoing TAVR.
Quaternion Kernel Normalized Minimum Error Entropy Adaptive Algorithms

Information Theoretic Learning (ITL) [1] [2] is gaining popularity for designing adaptive filters for a non-stationary or non-Gaussian environment. ITL cost functions such as the Minimum Error Entropy (MEE) have been applied to both linear and nonlinear adaptive filtering with better overall performance compared with the typical minimum mean squared error (MSE) and least-squares type adaptive filtering [3] [4] especially for nonlinear systems and in higher-order statistic noise environments. In this paper, we develop a kernel adaptive filter for quaternion data based on normalized minimum error entropy cost function. We apply generalized Hamilton-real (GHR) calculus that is applicable to Hilbert space for evaluating the cost function gradient to develop the quaternion kernel normalized minimum error entropy (QKNMEE) algorithm. The new proposed algorithm enhanced MEE algorithm where the filter update stepsize selection will be independent of the input power and the kernel size.
Transcriptome of Thalassicolla nucleata Holobiont Reveals Details of a Radiolarian Symbiotic Relationship

Radiolarians are a group of ubiquitous, yet poorly understood, large protists that often harbor photosymbionts. We studied the solitary radiolarian Thalassicolla nucleata by analyzing the transcriptome of its holobiont. We found that T. nucleata contained two dinoflagellate symbionts, one photosymbiont Brandtodinium sp., and one putative Peridiniales parasite. Through comparisons of gene expressions of Brandtodinium sp. and those of a close relative from a free-living culture, we found that the Brandtodinium sp. maintained its photosynthetic activities, but altered its carbon metabolism dramatically in hospite. Gene expression data also suggested carbon and nitrogen exchange between the host and photosymbiont and that lectin-glycan interaction might play an important role in host-symbiont recognition.
1997 The Usefulness of Uterine Manipulation Simulation Among Ob-Gyn Residents as Bottom Person Prior to Assisting a Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Quirino Memorial Medical Center Experience

Study Objective To determine the usefulness of uterine manipulation in a simulator prior to assisting as bottom person during total laparoscopic hysterectomies (TLH) among OB-GYN residents of Quirino Memorial Medical Center. Design Single-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting Quirino Memorial Medical Center with Residency Training in OB-GYN Patients or Participants Thirty-three obstetrician-gynecologic residents with no background on laparoscopy but assisting and performing gynecological laparotomy cases. Patients were female with age ranged of 20 to 55 years old, history of sexual contact, scheduled for elective total laparoscopic hysterectomy and adnexectomy for benign uterine or ovarian pathologies. Interventions The residents were randomly grouped into two. Group A consisted of sixteen residents who underwent uterine manipulation training using the pelvic trainer box and Group B consisted of seventeen residents who did not undergo training. Group A was given PST which were performed in 5 repetitions in one session. One set of tasks commanded to perform in this order were antevert uterus, uterus to the patient's left, uterus to the patient's right, push uterus cephalad, pull uterus caudally and retrovert uterus. One session consisted of 5 sets. After a week, both groups were asked to scrub-in on actual procedure with the same instructor commanding the tasks and recording the time to perform the tasks. Measurements and Main Results Group A performed the procedure-specific tasks correctly with a significantly shorter time than Group B (p-value of 0.000). The senior residents did not perform the PST better than the junior residents (correlation coefficient was significant with p-value of 0.023 and a negative correlation coefficient of -0.200, this means that as the negative time difference to perform from the first to the fifth specific tasks increases, the actual time decreases). Conclusion We have shown that uterine manipulation exercises in the pelvic trainer box is effective in the proper performance of residents as bottom person for uterine manipulation during TLH.
Moving forward while looking back: Lessons learned from teacher evaluation litigation concerning Value-Added Models (VAMs)

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) appears to offer states and districts discretion to develop teacher evaluation policies, including those that may use Value Added Models (VAMs). While scholars are discussing this flexibility, limited attention has been paid to the potential role of the law in connection with the future use of VAMs in evaluation policy. While VAMs may be declining in use, several states require or permit them, making the continued assessment relevant. Moreover, given that VAMs were at the center of numerous high-profile lawsuits, assessing litigation outcomes in the context of ESSA is a useful exercise, particularly for jurisdictions that may use (or contemplate their use) of VAMs. Toward this end, this paper applies legal research methods and a law and policy framework to review lawsuits concerning VAMs to distill key principles for state and local policymakers.
Ribosomal RNA Comparisons among Taxa of the Terverticillate Penicillia

Ribosomal RNA sequences were determined for terverticillate Penicillia by the dideoxy nucleotide chain termination method and oligonucleotide primers. The sequences of individual isolates were compared for base differences upon proper alignment. Prior experience in other fungi suggests that a single nucleotide difference in the sequence of two Penicillium isolates may indicate that they are not the same species. A second baseline for data interpretation was provided by comparisons involving: Penicillium, Saccharomyces, and Urnula. These intergeneric comparisons revealed >100 base differences.