cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Data Archives for Grid Environments

Developers and users of high-performance distributed systems often observe performance problems such as unexpectedly low throughput or high latency. To determine the source of these performance problems, detailed end-to-end monitoring data from applications, networks, operating systems, and hardware must be correlated across time and space. Researchers need to be able to view and compare this very detailed monitoring data from a variety of angles. To address this problem, we propose a relational monitoring data archive that is designed to efficiently handle high-volume streams of monitoring data. In this paper we present an instrumentation and monitoring event archive service that can be used to collect and aggregate detailed end-to-end monitoring information from distributed applications. This archive service is designed to be scalable and fault tolerant. We also show how the archive is based on the "Grid Monitoring Architecture" defined by the Global Grid Forum.
On-farm evaluation of fluid starter potassium fertilization for cor n using precision agriculture technologies

Use of fluid N-P or N-P-K starter mixtures in most research studies precludes firm conclusions about specific starter K effects on early crop growth and grain yield. This study evaluated corn (Zea mays L.) early growth, early plant K concentration and uptake, and grain yield response to fluid starter K fertilizer. Eight trials were conducted during 2007 and 2008 in Iowa farmers’ fields using a strip trial methodology, global positioning systems, yield monitors, and geographical information systems. Six sites were managed with chisel-plow tillage and two with no-tillage. Soil-test K (STK) was measured using a dense grid sampling approach (0.13-to 0.4-ha cells). Treatments replicated three times were a control, commercial fluid K2CO3 starter (0-0-25 N-P-K) applied in the seed furrow at 14 to 21 kg K ha, broadcast K at 112 kg K ha, and broadcast K plus starter K. Means from the entire length of the strips showed that K fertilization did not affect early plant dry weight (DW) or K uptake consistently, but increased K concentration at most sites and increased grain yield at three sites. At two sites broadcast K increased yield more than starter K, and at one site both fertilizers increased yield similarly. Sites with plant DW or K uptake responses did not
Promotion of self-management for post treatment cancer survivors: evaluation of a risk-adapted visit.

The LIFE Cancer Survivorship Program at NorthShore University HealthSystem provides risk-adapted visits (RAV) facilitated by an oncology nurse during which a survivorship care plan (SCP) is provided and discussed. In this report, we describe and evaluate RAV in promoting individualized health care and self-management during survivorship transition. Patients complete a post-RAV questionnaire at their RAV and another ≥1 year after their RAV. One thousand seven hundred thirteen (1713) RAVs, majority for breast cancer, occurred from January 2007 to March 2014. One thousand six hundred fifteen (1615) “day-of” post-RAV questionnaires were completed. Respondents scaled statements as strongly agree/agree/disagree/strongly disagree. Combined strongly agree/agree ratings are 94 % felt more confident in communicating information about their treatments to other health care providers, 90 % felt more comfortable recognizing signs/symptoms to report to providers, and 98 % had a better appreciation for community programs/services. Of 488 respondents (RAV January 2007 to December 2012 n = 1366) to a questionnaire at least 1 year after the RAV, nearly 100 % found SCP useful to summarize medical information, 97 % to reinforce follow-up, 85 % to recognize symptoms of recurrence, 93 % to identify healthy lifestyle practices, 91 % to assist in identifying resources for support, 72 % discussed their SCP with their healthcare provider, and 97 % made at least one positive lifestyle change. Participation in LIFE RAV following treatment helps survivors to guide future self-care behavior. Data suggest that benefits may persist 1 year after the visit and support the feasibility of a nurse-led RAV to establish a SCP in cancer survivors. Combined provision and discussion of SCPs help survivors construct a useful understanding of their cancer experience and may promote long-term self-management.
Evaluation of a Local Anesthesia Simulation Model with Dental Students as Novice Clinicians

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a local anesthesia (LA) simulation model in a facilitated small group setting before dental students administered an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for the first time. For this pilot study, 60 dental students transitioning from preclinical to clinical education were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (N=30) that participated in a small group session using the simulation model or a control group (N=30). After administering local anesthesia for the first time, students in both groups were given questionnaires regarding levels of preparedness and confidence when administering an IANB and level of anesthesia effectiveness and pain when receiving an IANB. Students in the experimental group exhibited a positive difference on all six questions regarding preparedness and confidence when administering LA to another student. One of these six questions ("I was prepared in administering local anesthesia for the first time") showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Students who received LA from students who practiced on the simulation model also experienced fewer post-injection complications one day after receiving the IANB, including a statistically significant reduction in trismus. No statistically significant difference was found in level of effectiveness of the IANB or perceived levels of pain between the two groups. The results of this pilot study suggest that using a local anesthesia simulation model may be beneficial in increasing a dental student's level of comfort prior to administering local anesthesia for the first time.
CONSENSUS CONFERENCES IN CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE: Methodologies and Impact

Consensus has been defined as a group opinion or general agreement. Although the critical care and related literature is being flooded with consensus statements, the mechanics of reaching this consensus opinion, and the impact of the statements on clinical practice and outcome, are poorly understood. This article attempts to provide a limited perspective on this process. There are clear and major differences in the practice of critical care among different countries. The reasons for this include differences in primary and preventive care; environmental and pathogen variations; incidence of major syndromes and end organ failures; regulation of access to intensive care unit resources; technologic differences due to economic or policy reasons; and cultural, religious, and subsequent ethics differences. Despite these differences, the physiologic principles of resuscitation and basic organ support are in general agreed on internationally. Although basic science, which mechanistically drives diagnosis and therapy, is usually accepted, applied clinical practice is another matter. Intensivists are frequently forced to face uncertainty in clinical decision making. Some concepts and technologies are rapidly incorporated into
Making faces

We have created a system for capturing both the three-dimensional geometry and color and shading information for human facial expressions. We use this data to reconstruct photorealistic, 3D animations of the captured expressions. The system uses a large set of sampling points on the face to accurately track the three dimensional deformations of the face. Simultaneously with the tracking of the geometric data, we capture multiple high resolution, registered video images of the face. These images are used to create a texture map sequence for a three dimensional polygonal face model which can then be rendered on standard 3D graphics hardware. The resulting facial animation is surprisingly life-like and looks very much like the original live performance. Separating the capture of the geometry from the texture images eliminates much of the variance in the image data due to motion, which increases compression ratios. Although the primary emphasis of our work is not compression we have investigated the use of a novel method to compress the geometric data based on principal components analysis. The texture sequence is compressed using an MPEG4 video codec. Animations reconstructed from 512x512 pixel textures look good at data rates as low as 240 Kbits per second.
The Coadaptive Process in an Organophosphorus-Resistant Strain of the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae

A now physiological race of Tetranychus urticae Koch evolved from the combined effects of natural and directed selection. The initial rapid shift in response, resulting from directed selection with oxydemetonmethyl, was gradually incorporated into a new modal phenotypc. This coadaptive process, resulting from natural selection, was slower than the response to directed selection. The initial response was negatively correlated with fitness, and as a result, a major genetic reorganization was imposed upon the coadaptive process. However, the new optima was accommodated with the formation of a new modal genotype. The haploid male limited the rate of change of the population.
Regional and socioeconomic disparities in emergency department use of radiographic imaging for acute pediatric sinusitis.

BACKGROUND Acute pediatric sinusitis (APS) is a common complication of pediatric upper respiratory tract infections. Children with all degrees of APS severity may present to emergency departments (EDs) for evaluation and management. This study was designed to analyze the use of imaging in APS presenting to U.S. EDs. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of the 2008 National Emergency Department Sample database was performed. One hundred one thousand six hundred sixty children, aged ≤18 years, assigned at least one ICD9 code for APS were identified. Current procedural terminology codes for sinus plain film radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging identified children who underwent sinus imaging. Association of performance of sinus imaging was sought with multiple predictor variables including clinicodemographic and hospital characteristics. RESULTS The use of any imaging was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07; p < 0.001), male gender (OR = 1.57; p < 0.001), and diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (OR = 2.46; p < 0.001). Imaging was more common in metropolitan teaching (OR = 1.40;0 p < 0.001) and nonteaching (OR = 5.64; p < 0.001) hospitals. Markers of higher socioeconomic status--private health insurance (OR = 1.37; p < 0.001) and higher income level (OR = 1.96; p < 0.001)--were associated with greater use of imaging, especially CT scans. CONCLUSION The use of ED imaging in APS is appropriately associated with factors known to be associated with APS complications. However, additional disparities with respect to regional and socioeconomic factors exist. Interventions to eliminate these health care disparities in use of imaging resources may lead to quality improvement in care and outcomes for APS.
Signaling Environmental Stewardship in Corrupt Societies: The Case of ISO 14001

What motivates firms operating in countries with poor environmental governance to signal their commitment to environmental stewardship? How might private regulatory standards allow them to do so? We examine how bilateral trade and bilateral investment linkages can motivate firms functioning in countries with high levels of corruption, a proxy for poor environmental governance, to join ISO 14001, the most widely adopted voluntary environmental program in the world. Our panel analyses suggest that firms operating in countries with high corruption levels are motivated to signal environmental stewardship via ISO 14001 when their foreign customers and investors have embraced this standard. The effects of bilateral trade and investment diffusion pressures on ISO 14001 adoption are positive and significant only when corruption levels are high. This interaction suggests that under some conditions, there is a potential for institutional substitutability between public and private regulatory systems. International economic integration via trade and foreign direct investment can encourage environment stewardship in societies where the state has largely ignored its duties to enforce environmental laws.
Analysis of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in Guangzhou Between 2006 and 2008

Objective To present the critical strategy and measures with the surveillance on foodborne disease outbreaks in Guangzhou,2006-2008. Method Data collected by Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Surveillance and Reporting System (FDOSR) of Guangzhou was analyzed on season,month,pathogen,food,meal place,reason,and so on. Results Total 189 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported,resulting 2678 cases and 6 deaths,with 14. 17 illnesses per outbreak, attack rate 13. 47% , and fatality rate 0. 22% . 166 outbreaks ( 87. 83% ) were ascertained of pathogens, with microorganisms of most outbreaks (58. 20% ) and cases (70. 95% ),poisonous propagations of largest deaths (66. 67% ). microorganisms accounted for the highest cases per outbreaks (17. 27 cases),while chemical agents of maximum at attack rate (91. 83% ),poisonous propagations of largest fatality rate (1. 86% ). Conclusion Efficiency and quality of FDOSR for correct prevention should be improved to reduce the burden of foodborne disease.
Extracting accurate and precise topography from LROC narrow angle camera stereo observations

Abstract The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) includes two identical Narrow Angle Cameras (NAC) that each provide 0.5 to 2.0 m scale images of the lunar surface. Although not designed as a stereo system, LROC can acquire NAC stereo observations over two or more orbits using at least one off-nadir slew. Digital terrain models (DTMs) are generated from sets of stereo images and registered to profiles from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) to improve absolute accuracy. With current processing methods, DTMs have absolute accuracies better than the uncertainties of the LOLA profiles and relative vertical and horizontal precisions less than the pixel scale of the DTMs (2–5 m). We computed slope statistics from 81 highland and 31 mare DTMs across a range of baselines. For a baseline of 15 m the highland mean slope parameters are: median = 9.1°, mean = 11.0°, standard deviation = 7.0°. For the mare the mean slope parameters are: median = 3.5°, mean = 4.9°, standard deviation = 4.5°. The slope values for the highland terrain are steeper than previously reported, likely due to a bias in targeting of the NAC DTMs toward higher relief features in the highland terrain. Overlapping DTMs of single stereo sets were also combined to form larger area DTM mosaics that enable detailed characterization of large geomorphic features. From one DTM mosaic we mapped a large viscous flow related to the Orientale basin ejecta and estimated its thickness and volume to exceed 300 m and 500 km 3 , respectively. Despite its ∼3.8 billion year age the flow still exhibits unconfined margin slopes above 30°, in some cases exceeding the angle of repose, consistent with deposition of material rich in impact melt. We show that the NAC stereo pairs and derived DTMs represent an invaluable tool for science and exploration purposes. At this date about 2% of the lunar surface is imaged in high-resolution stereo, and continued acquisition of stereo observations will serve to strengthen our knowledge of the Moon and geologic processes that occur across all of the terrestrial planets.
A New Electric Anti-maloperation System Based on IEC 61850 Standard

The substation anti-maloperation system is important in preventing the maloperation caused by wrong operation procedures or man-made mistakes.A new anti-maloperation system based on IEC 61850 standard is described,which consists of three main layers,the station anti-maloperation layer,the bay layer and communication layer.The implementation of the anti-maloperation rules in the station layer and bay layer as well as the optimization of the communication layer are discussed in detail.The new system can not only provide real-time and online operations without additional investment,but is also a more convenient,intelligent and highly reliable system free from delay.
Assessing Tying Claims in the Context of Software Integration: A Suggested Framework for Applying the Rule of Reason Analysis

Over the last six years, Microsoft's releases of new versions of its Windows operating system products have been met with regulatory investigations and litigation in the United States, Europe, and Asia.! Regulators and private plaintiffs have focused on Microsoft's inclusion of functionality in Windows where competitors offer arguably comparable functionality on a standalone basis. Major government antitrust actions have challenged the design of Windows as unlawful tying. In resolving these claims, tribunals here and in Europe have applied varying and conflicting tests. As a result, the application of tying law to product design decisions remains an unsettled area of antitrust law-and an important one given that the adoption of an overly restrictive test could have a chilling effect on product innovation in computer software and hardware, consumer electronics, and high-technology products generally. This Essay describes the various tests that have been applied in the proceedings involving Microsoft, and in an earlier round of cases involving IBM, and proposes a framework for analyzing such tying claims -sometimes called "technological tying" claims--in the future. Drawing primarily upon the recent cases involving Microsoft, this Essay focuses upon tying claims concerning software integration (particularly platform software integration), although the suggestions here may well have broader applicability to technological tying claims generally. In the United States, the D.C. Circuit has held that the rule of reason governs the legality of alleged tying arrangements involving platform software.2 This Essay contends that the rule of reason is the appropriate test for judging tying claims involving software integration. In assessing potential anticompetitive effects, courts should be
Strictly Dissipative Kinetic Models

In the next several chapters we shall develop an existence and uniqueness theory for the Hilbert space boundary value problem.
Craniopharyngioma: Recurrence Factors

Factors predictive of recurrence and functional outcome were determined in a retrospective clinicopathological analysis of 56 patients (26 children and 30 adults) operated on for craniopharyngioma since 1981 at New York University Medical Center.
One Artist’s Neurosis on Signing

She signs her work “Hashi.” Exceptions are rare and when they occur, they occur with reason, Hashi’s reason. She once said, “Most people probably never think twice about what they are doing when they sign a check, a letter, or whatever, but for me, signing, especially my drawings, is an excruciating task. For a long time, I left my work unsigned. I wanted to remain anonymous, unknown, left alone. Then someone convinced me that my drawings were unique; only I could have created them. I no longer seeked to be alone.”
1. The Navy’s R&D Program

An overall summary of the Navy’s Research and Development Program in metals and alloys, ceramics, and related materials.
Status of NIF Laser and High Power Laser Research at LLNL

This talk will provide an overview of high power laser research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). It will discuss the status of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser. In addition, the talk will describe other laser development activities such as the development of high average power lasers and novel fiber lasers. The National Ignition Facility (NIF) has been in service since 2007 and operating with > 1 MJ energies since 2009. During this time the facility has transitioned to become an international user facility and increased the shot rate from ~150 target shots per year to greater than 400 shots per year. Today, the NIF plays an essential role in the US Stockpile Stewardship Program, providing data under the extreme conditions needed to validate computer models and train the next generation of stockpile stewards. Recent upgrades include the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC), a high energy short pulse laser used to do high resolution radiography. In addition to the NIF, this talk will include an overview of progress on the high average power laser development, recent results from fiber laser development activities and improvements to laser design and computational capabilities.
The Today Show: Transforming Morning Television

By Cathleen M. LondinoLanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2017, 170 pp.When television entered the homes of millions, its success was based on the strong involvement of key broadcasting factors: the ...
M-CAFE 2.0: A Scalable Platform with Comparative Plots and Topic Tagging for Ongoing Course Feedback

M-CAFE 2.0 is an online and mobile platform that uses collaborative filtering to collect and organize student feedback each week throughout a MOOC or an on-campus course to facilitate mid-course corrections by instructors. M-CAFE 2.0 encourages students to assess course content, structure, and suggestions provided by their peers. It requires minimal extra effort from instructors and is anonymous and separate from all student records. We present results from three pilot studies from on-campus undergraduate courses with 1,211 evaluations and 5,221 peer-ratings from 169 students. Results suggest that comparative plots of past ratings, topic tags and peer-to-peer anonymous suggestion evaluations are valuable in promoting credible and diverse course evaluation. M-CAFE 2.0 is available at m-cafe.org.
American Professors’ Support of Chinese International Students’ Reading and Writing in Subject Courses

The presence of Asian students can be strongly felt in U.S. universities these days. As non-native English-speaking (NNES) students, many of them face challenges in reading and writing in English, inside and outside the classroom. Research suggests that challenges specific to Asian students include indirection in making points, lack of personal voice, and discomfort in collaborative work. While some studies have examined these students’ difficulties and strategies in academic literacy, very few have explored how university subject teachers accommodate these students’ reading and writing abilities to facilitate learning. We studied American professors’ practices in using writing to facilitate learning at an English-medium summer school in China, a school which constitutes part of transnational American higher education. All professors came from well-ranked American universities and taught a variety of courses typically offered to freshmen and sophomores in their home institutions. The majority of students are Chinese international students returning home from North America for the summer. Focusing on humanities and social sciences professors, who made up the majority of the faculty, the study has identified several key accommodation strategies that these professors adopted for their Chinese students. We conclude the study by discussing implications for assisting Asian students with their written English in English-medium university content courses. The professors’ practices also raise questions about higher education in the United States.
In Reply: Overlapping Surgeries are not Associated With Worse Patient Outcomes: Retrospective Multivariate Analysis of 14 872 Neurosurgical Cases Performed at a Single Institution.

BACKGROUND Overlapping surgeries have recently become a controversial topic. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of overlapping surgeries on patient outcomes. METHODS A retrospective analysis of all neurosurgical procedures performed at a single institution from July 2013 to May 2016 was conducted. Variables extracted from the electronic medical records included sex, age, procedure type, resident years of training, evening case, emergency case, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Score, illness severity, mortality risk, and percentage of case overlap. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for the following primary outcomes: procedure length, length of hospital stay, return to operating room (OR), disposition upon discharge, hospital readmission, and mortality. Separate analyses were performed for overlap thresholds of 0%, 20%, 50%, and 100%. RESULTS A total of 14 872 cases were performed during the study period, and all were included in the statistical analyses. Univariate analysis showed a benefit for overlapping surgeries in terms of hospital length of stay, return to OR, and disposition status (all P < .001). No difference was found for hospital readmission or mortality. Overlapping surgeries were significantly longer and were staffed by more senior residents (P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed a benefit for overlapping surgeries, or no difference, for all the measured outcomes except procedure length. CONCLUSION These results reject the hypothesis that overlapping surgeries are predictive of worse outcomes. When considered in the context of the current debate regarding overlapping surgeries, these results argue against claims that overlapping surgeries are dangerous or harmful to patients.
Optimal control of HVAC and window systems for natural ventilation through reinforcement learning

Abstract Natural ventilation is a green building strategy that improves building energy efficiency, indoor thermal environment, and air quality. However, in practice, it is not always clear when and how to utilize the natural ventilation and coordinate its operation with the HVAC system. This paper introduces a reinforcement learning control strategy, specifically through model-free Q-learning, that makes optimal control decisions for HVAC and window systems to minimize both energy consumption and thermal discomfort. This control system evaluates the outdoor and indoor environments (temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed) at each time step, and responds with the best control decision that targets both immediate and long-term goals. The reinforcement learning control is evaluated through numerical simulation on a building thermal model and compared with a rule-based heuristic control strategy. Case studies in hot-and-humid Miami and warm-and-mild Los Angeles demonstrated the superior performance of reinforcement learning control, which led to 13% and 23% lower HVAC system energy consumption, 62% and 80% lower discomfort degree hours, and 63% and 77% fewer high humidity hours compared to heuristic control. Unlike heuristic control that requires specific knowledge of individual buildings and the creation of exhaustive decision-making scenarios to improve performance, reinforcement learning control guarantees optimality through self-advancement on given goals and cost functions and is able to adapt to stochastic occupancy and occupant behaviors, which is difficult to accommodate by heuristic control.
A Physically Immersive Platform for Training Emergency Responders and Law Enforcement Officers

Training law enforcement officers and emergency responders requires significant investment in terms of time, financial resources, logistics, organization, and personnel reallocation.
Chapter 5: Household Investment Decisions

Within the area of finance, most basic theoretical models do not fully describe true household investment decision-making behavior. This is due in large part to the fact that most traditional finance models are based on the assumptions that financial markets operate without frictions and that all people make perfectly rational decisions. Yet, when considering how academic models are applied in the real world, these fundamental assumptions do not always hold. This chapter discusses how market frictions and specific behavioral biases actually influence household investment behaviors.
What is an Atypical Parkinsonian Disorder

A parkinsonism is a syndrome defined by akinesia associated with rigidity or rest tremor. The akinesia can be expressed as motor slowness (bradykinesia) or as a paucity of movement (hypokinesia), i.e., difficulty in the initiation of or decreased amplitude of movements such as arm swing or facial expression. This syndrome is usually the result of a dysfunctional nigrostriatal pallidal pathway. Impairment of postural reflexes is not included as one of the features of the parkinsonian syndrome since abnormal postural reflexes are generally the consequence of dysfunction of other motor pathways. There are a variety of causes of parkinsonism, but Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common (Fig. 1). Although there is extensive literature on PD, this is one of the few books dedicated to the remaining atypical parkinsonian disorders.To appropriately diagnose PD, one should be aware of when to suspect that a patient does not have PD and may be suffering from one of these atypical disorders.
A review of Morlet wavelet analysis of radial profiles of Saturn's rings

Spiral waves propagating in Saturn's rings have wavelengths that vary with radial position within the disc. The best-quality observations of these waves have the form of radial profiles centred on ...
Tocilizumab in Refractory Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Series of Pediatric Cases.

Abstract Background Autoimmune encephalitis can result in significant neurological and psychiatric morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages and often does not respond to standard therapies. Recent reports suggest efficacy of tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin 6, in refractory autoimmune encephalitis. Results We describe three children with refractory autoimmune encephalitis who experienced a robust, immediate clinical response following treatment with tocilizumab. Conclusion These findings support the efficacy and short-term safety of tocilizumab as a third-line treatment for refractory autoimmune encephalitis in children.
Measuring Total PFASs in Water: The Tradeoff between Selectivity and Inclusivity.

Abstract Millions of people around the world may be exposed to drinking water impacted by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) at levels exceeding local or national advisories. Many studies indicate that the full extent of PFAS contamination is significantly underestimated when only targeted analytical methods are used. Here, we review techniques using bulk organofluorine measurement to quantify the (as of yet) unidentified fraction of PFASs. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of specific approaches and their applicability to water analysis with a focus on the tradeoff between selectivity and inclusivity, and provide suggestions for a path forward to better characterize the wide array of PFASs present in environmental samples.
Efficient Spectrum Access and Co-Existence With Receiver Nonlinearity: Frameworks and Algorithms

Radio frequency (RF) front-end nonlinearity significantly impairs receiver performance in non-intuitive ways. Receivers are susceptible to harmful adjacent channel interference, especially in next-generation networks with diverse radio access technologies, co-existing in space, time, and frequency. Vulnerabilities of receiver front-ends can have a severe detrimental effect on network performance and spectrum co-existence. In this paper, we propose centralized controller-based receiver-centric framework for spectrum access that accounts for receiver front-end nonlinearity, pre-selector filter bandwidth, and transmitter out-of-band emission characteristics for networks with diverse RF-layer characteristics. Furthermore, we propose computationally efficient algorithms to optimize the receiver-centric framework and examine network level performance. We demonstrate through extensive network simulations that the proposed receiver-centric framework provides substantially higher spectrum efficiency gains over receiver-agnostic spectrum access and improves co-existence in dense and diverse next-generation wireless networks. We further demonstrate through simulations that the proposed algorithms achieve close to optimal solutions for receiver-centric network optimization.
Assessment of Wave-Guided Ultrasonic Transducer System for Erosion-Corrosion Detection in Nuclear Applications

Abstract Storage tanks and pipelines are used at nuclear waste sites across the Department of Energy (DOE) complex to store and transfer nuclear wastes. One of the significant aspects in such sites is monitoring the structural integrity of the waste transfer pipelines and the storage tanks. Literature indicates that the industry standard method of thickness measurements using ultrasonic sensors is mainly through manual inspections. As such, this procedure is expensive and exhaustive for nuclear applications. Hence, in this research, the authors assess a wave guided ultrasonic sensor system for erosion-corrosion (thickness change) detection in waste transfer pipelines at Hanford nuclear waste site. This ultrasonic transducer (UT) sensor system (from Permasense, a UK based manufacturer [2]) has the advantage of real-time remote monitoring. It is an integrated wireless sensor network system which uses a patented technology for the acoustic wave propagation and has proven applications in the oil and gas indus...
This Wicked World: Masculinities and the Portrayals of Sex, Crime, and Sports in the National Police Gazette, 1879–1906

Abstract For generations during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the National Police Gazette was a leading New York City men's tabloid magazine that celebrated scandal, crime, sex and sports. It used splashy woodcut illustrations to highlight various aspects of masculinities and challenges to masculinities, gaining large numbers of mostly male readers in taverns, barbershops and gambling halls. A content analysis of Gazette illustrations during this period demonstrates its evolving use of pictures of men and women in varying roles. The analysis showed that the Gazette's sexually suggestive portrayals remained remarkably consistent over the years; during the same period, depictions of sports increased, while crime illustrations decreased. The tabloid used such portrayals to highlight, decry and sensationalize the reactions of men and women to the vices of Victorian America.
Using tools to distinguish general and occupation-specific skills

Data on tool use from O*Net’s Tools and Technologies Supplement can, in conjunction with task-based measures, provide a new proxy for measuring and distinguishing general and specific skills at the occupational level. The tools and types of tools used in an occupation generate reasonable proxies for skill that vary across occupations and appear to capture features of occupations that differ from and complement task-based proxies for skill. Wage regressions indicate that job-specific tools, which correspond to particular occupations, are associated with higher pay. Non-specific tools correlate to lower-paying sales, service and administrative occupations.
The small inner satellites of Saturn: Shapes, structures and some implications

Abstract Properties of the small inner satellites of Saturn are updated using final Cassini image data. The equatorial ridges on Pan and Atlas are morphologically, structurally, and gravitationally distinct from their cores and represent distinct additions to, rather than modifications of, the precursor bodies. Exposures of lineated substrates on Pandora and Epimetheus show a relationship between regolith grooves and structures in underlying bedrock. Structures exposed on Epimetheus suggest formation at depth including filling or annealing of fractures. These structures, and sharp bedrock-regolith boundaries indicate a history far more complex than simple rubble-pile assembly. These exposures of bedrock also indicate past removal of the expected regolith from large fractions of these object's surfaces late in their cratering records.
Pipeline Embolization Device Versus Stent-Assisted Coiling for Intracranial Aneurysm Treatment: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Background Pipeline embolization device (PED; Medtronic) and stent-assisted coiling (SAC) are established modalities for treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Objective To comparatively assess the efficacy of these techniques. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with aneurysms treated at our institution with either PED from 2013 to 2017 or SAC from 2009 to 2015. All large (>10 mm), ruptured, fusiform, anterior communicating artery, posterior circulation aneurysms, and patients with no available follow-up imaging were eliminated before running the propensity score matching (PSM). Patients were matched using nearest neighbor controlling for: age, gender, smoking, exact location, maximal diameter, and presence of multiple aneurysms. Total hospital costs for equipment and implants were calculated from procedure product and hospital billing records, and compared between the propensity-matched pairs. Results Out of 165 patients harboring 202 aneurysms; 170 (84.2%) were treated with the PED, and 32 (15.8%) were treated using SAC. PSM resulted in 23 matched pairs; with significantly longer follow up in the SAC group (mean 29.8 vs 14.1 mo; P = .0002). Complete occlusion rates were not different (82.6 vs 87%; P = .68), with no difference between the groups for modified Rankin Scale on last clinical follow-up, procedural complications or retreatment rates. Average total costs calculated from the hospital records, including equipment and implants, were not different between propensity-score matched pairs (P = .48). Conclusion PED placement and SAC offer equally efficacious occlusion rates, functional outcomes, procedural complication rates, and cost profiles for small unruptured anterior circulation saccular aneurysms which do not involve the anterior communicating artery.
Whiteness feels good here: interrogating white nationalist rhetoric on Stormfront

This essay adopts a critical rhetorical perspective attuned to affect to investigate white nationalist rhetoric on Stormfront, a popular white nationalist message board. My analysis illuminates how...
Nasal Airflow Changes With Bioabsorbable Implant, Butterfly, and Spreader Grafts.

Objectives/hypothesis Internal nasal valve compromise is a major cause of nasal obstruction, with a growing number of ways to treat this condition. In this study, we compared the effects of butterfly graft, spreader graft, and the bioabsorbable nasal implant on nasal airflow resistance. Study design Cadaver study. Methods Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were completed from nine preoperative and postoperative cadaveric subjects. Each cadaveric head underwent placement of a bioabsorbable nasal implant (BNI) (Spirox Latera; Stryker ENT, Plymouth, MN), butterfly graft, or spreader graft. Pre- and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were used to generate three-dimensional models of the nasal airway used in steady-state CFD simulations of airflow and heat transfer during inspiration. Results Butterfly graft placement resulted in a mean improvement in nasal airway resistance of 24.9% (±7.3), whereas BNI placement resulted in a 6.7% (±1.2) improvement, and spreader graft placement also resulted in a consistent improvement of 2.6% (±13.5). Pressure within the main nasal cavity was consistently lower following butterfly graft placement versus a spreader graft or BNI. Butterfly and spreader graft placement also resulted in modest improvements in airflow allocation, whereas BNI demonstrated more variation (-1% to 12%). Heat flux was not significantly different; however, a small improvement in total heat flux was seen with all three interventions. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate reduction in nasal airway resistance in all three surgical interventions, with the butterfly graft demonstrating superiority to the other two techniques. However, these data only reflect a static environment and not dynamic changes in airflow seen during respiration. Level of evidence NA Laryngoscope, 130:E817-E823, 2020.
Effect of pegbovigrastim treatment on the incidence of post-calving antimicrobial treatments in four UK dairy herds.

Abstract A randomised controlled trial was carried out in four dairy herds located in the UK to evaluate the effect of pegbovigrastim treatment on the incidence of antimicrobial treatments during the first 30 d of lactation (DIM). Medical treatment records were analysed, and treatments identified where an antibiotic product was used. Records were available for 1865 cows, 933 of which received two injections of pegbovigrastim given approximately 14 d prior to expected calving (IMR) and again within 24 h of calving. 932 cows received no treatment (CON). In total, 11.6% (n = 108/933) IMR cows and 13.2% (n = 123/932) CON cows received at least one antibiotic treatment during the first 30 DIM. Of the IMR cows 2.9% (n = 27/933) were treated with antibiotics for the reason of mastitis along with 3.4% (n = 32/932) of cows from the CON group. 8.9% (n = 83/933) of IMR cows and 10.3% (n = 96/932) of CON cows received antibiotic treatment for a condition other than mastitis, 0.2% (n = 2/933) and 0.8% cows (n = 7/932) from the IMR and CON groups, respectively, received an antibiotic treatment for both mastitis and a reason other than mastitis during the first 30 DIM. Data were analysed with the farm where each cow was located as a random effect and with fixed effects of treatment (IMR or CON), parity (categorised as cows in 1st, 2nd and 3rd or subsequent lactations) and season of calving (autumn [AUT], September through November; winter [WIN], December through February; spring [SPR], March through May; and summer [SUM], June through August), and all 2-way interactions with treatment. Treatment was associated with reduced risk of receiving antibiotic therapy in the first 30 DIM (odds ratio [OR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.28 to 0.94), but a treatment × farm interaction was detected. Compared with IMR, CON cows were more likely to receive an antibiotic treatment on 3/4 farms during the first 30 DIM. However, CON cows on Farm 2 were less likely to do so (12.4% [n = 45/364] vs.15.5% [n = 36/232]). Cows in the third or subsequent lactation were also found to be at increased risk of receiving antibiotic therapy (OR = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.20) than cows in their first lactation. Pegbovigrastim treatment pre-calving may be useful in some herds for reducing the incidence of antimicrobial treatments during early lactation.
Association between Medicaid expansion, dental coverage policies for adults, and children's receipt of preventive dental services

Objective To examine whether low-income children's use of preventive dental services is linked to variation in state Medicaid policies that affect parents' access to dental care in Medicaid. Data sources Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2011-2016), Area Health Resources File, and Medicaid adult dental coverage policies. Study design We conducted a quasi-experimental analysis using linked parent-child dyads in low-income families (≤125 percent of the Federal Poverty Level). We assessed whether expansions of Medicaid to low-income adults under the Affordable Care Act were associated with increases in the use of preventive dental services among low-income children when state Medicaid programs did vs did not cover these services for adults. Principal findings Over the study period, 37.8 percent of low-income children received at least one annual preventive dental visit. We found no change in children's receipt of preventive dental care associated with Medicaid expansions in states that covered (1.26 percentage points; 95% CI: -3.74 to 6.27) vs did not cover preventive dental services for adults (3.03 percentage points; 95% CI: -2.76 to 8.81). (differential change: -1.76 percentage points; 95% CI: -8.09, 4.56). However, our estimates are imprecise, with wide confidential intervals that are unable to rule out sizable effects in either direction. Conclusion We did not find an association between Medicaid expansions with concurrent coverage of preventive dental services for adults and children's use of these services. Factors other than parental access to dental benefits through Medicaid may be more salient determinants of preventive dental care use among low-income children.
Declining Orthopaedic Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Medicare Reimbursement Rates from 2000 to 2019

Objectives:In the field of orthopaedics, it has been evident that Medicare reimbursement rates have been relatively stagnant. Although, objective measures of how these financial trends have changed...
Homelessness and rates of physical dysfunctions characteristic of premature geriatric syndromes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Homeless adults may experience accelerated aging, presenting earlier with geriatric syndromes such as falls and functional limitations. Though homelessness is surging in United States, data are sca...
(Un)documenting single-panel methodologies and epistemologies in the non-fictional cartoons of Eric J. García and Alberto Ledesma

This article analyzes how two Latinx cartoonists, Eric J. Garcia and Alberto Ledesma, use the single-panel form to critique and reshape national discourses of immigration, citizenship, and the US-M...
Generation Z and Socially Responsible Fashion Consumption: Exploring the Value-Action Gap

Research on the Generation Z cohort has primarily focused on the characteristics and consumption habits of this generation in general, as well as their concerns for sustainability and support for corporate social responsibility. However, few studies have examined the extent to which matters of sustainability enter into their apparel consumption decisions. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore whether a “value-action gap” exists between what members of the Gen Z cohort value and how they act by investigating their sustainable and responsible fashion consumption (SRFC) behaviors across the apparel consumption cycle. A total of 41 members of Gen Z (20 males and 21 females) ranging in age from 15 to 18 participated in a total of seven focus groups. Three emergent themes were identified and used to structure the interpretation: Unintentionally Sustainable, A Knowledge Conundrum, and Perceived Barriers. Although participants tended to act on their values when using and disposing of clothing, acquisition posed the biggest challenge. Future research is needed to better understand how members of Gen Z can fully engage in sustainable acquisition, use, and disposal behaviors.
Illustrating the implications of moving blocks on railway traffic flow behavior with fundamental diagrams

Abstract Many railroads are currently developing advanced train control systems incorporating moving blocks with the potential to shift train separation principles from a system based on discrete control blocks to one where trains directly interact with each other, similar to a highway. This research develops a simple, flexible analytical framework consisting of rail fundamental diagrams describing density-flow relationships for rail traffic in specific situations such as closely following trains operating in platoons, or fleets, or double-track with directional running. It is shown that rail fundamental diagram curves depicting rail traffic flow under fixed blocks exhibit a sawtooth pattern due to the discrete nature of the control blocks. Equivalent curves describing rail traffic flow under moving blocks resemble continuous flow relationships from the highway domain. The proposed methodology can be used for a number of practical purposes including calculating shockwave effects from bottlenecks such as vertical grades, showing the dampening effect of fixed block control systems on rail traffic flow perturbations, and illustrating interactions between trains operating in a fleet, or platoon. As a complement to more detailed but time-intensive methods such as simulation, railway planners and researchers can use the rail fundamental diagram framework to quickly analyze rail traffic flow behavior under different train control systems and operating conditions.