cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AS RELATED TO INDUSTRY, POSITION AND PERFORMANCE: A PRELIMINARY REPORT

Reliable procedures for the measurement of organizational culture are necessary if the ideas developed in popular and scholarly literature are to be tested. A review of recent writings was the basis for defining 14 aspects of organizational culture. A questionnaire developed to capture these aspects was completed by those working in a diverse collection of business organizations. Industry and organizational position had a strong association with perceived work context, work values, and work beliefs. One industrial corporation, frequently cited as ‘excellent’, was not distinctive in terms of these measures. The results suggest that unless statements about organizational culture reflect differences related to industries and organizational, technical or task requirements, they are unlikely to be accurate.
Morse Stretch Potential Charge Equilibrium Force Field for Ceramics: Application to the Quartz-Stishovite Phase Transition and to Silica Glass

To predict phase transitions in ceramics and minerals from molecular dynamics simulations, we have developed a force field in which the charges are allowed to readjust instantaneously to the atomic configurations. These charges are calculated using the charge equilibration (QEq) method. In addition to electrostatics, a two-body Morse stretch potential is included to account for short-range nonelectrostatic interactions. This MS-Q potential is applied herein to SiO_2, where we find that it describes well the fourfold coordinated and sixfold coordinated systems (such as quartz and stishovite), silica glass, and the pressure-induced phase transition from quartz to stishovite.
Cost-benefit analysis of pharmacologic erection program (PEP) versus penile prosthesis.

Abstract We compared the current dollar inclusive costs of the two most commonly implanted penile prostheses with our pharmacologic erection program (PEP) The inclusive cost of implantation for the inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) is $9,000 and for the malleable penile prosthesis (MPP) $3,150. The inclusive cost of PEP at maximal dose and maximal frequency of use over a five-year period is $3,450. Penile prosthesis was found to be more cost-effective for the long-term treatment of younger impotent men, whereas in the elderly group the use of PEP over a limited time span may be equally or more cost-effective.
Soft amplitudes in hot gauge theories: A general analysis

Abstract A systematic method for the calculation of amplitudes in hot gauge theories is developed. It is necessary to distinguish between hard momenta (of order T ) and soft momenta (of order gT ). Ordinary perturbation theory applies at hard momenta, but over soft momenta, effective propagators and vertices are required. These effective quantities resum the leading contributions from thermal fluctuations with hard virtual momenta. These “hard thermal loops” arise solely from subdiagrams at one-loop order: they are ultraviolet finite, gauge independent, and satisfy simple Ward identities. To illustrate the method we apply it to the quark and gluon self-energies. Ward identities are used to show that to one-loop order in this effective perturbation expansion, the two-point T -matrix elements constructed from the self-energies are gauge invariant. This proves that to leading order in g , the quark and gluon damping rates are gauge invariant.
Aspects of reception of law

In most places at most times borrowing is the most fruitful source of legal change. The borrowing may be from within the system, by analogy - from negligence in torts to negligence in contract, for instance - or from another legal system. The act of borrowing is usually simple. To build up a theory of borrowing on the other hand, seems to be an extremely complex matter. Receptions come in all shapes and sizes: from taking over single rules to (theoretically) almost a whole system. They present an array of social phenomena that are not easily explained: from whom can one borrow, in what circumstances does one borrow? Still, one serious obstacle to understanding should be stressed: students and scholars are hesitant to accept the obvious fact of massive borrowing and to consider its implications. I am often told, not only in print and even by close friends, that I exaggerate. On the contrary: I believe I, too, have been unwilling to recognize the scale of borrowing and of legal autonomy. In this paper I want to look at four aspects of legal transplants and of legal autonomy, all presented in terms of particular examples. The examples are chosen because they are striking (I think), cause reflection on borrowing, and indicate some difficulties for building up a theory. They are not chosen because they are extreme.
Automated generation of control skeletons for use in animation

The animation of an articulated figure is typically accomplished through the use of a corresponding control skeleton. Although the control skeleton is an effective tool, the manual construction of the skeleton can be a laborious process often requiring several hours of work and a fair degree of proficiency with the animation software used. The focus of the research described here is the automatic generation of such control skeletons. To this end, two solutions to the problem are presented, one general and one specific. In both cases, the input is required to be a set of polygonal data that defines the figure, and the output is a description of a control skeleton to be used in animating that figure. The general solution is widely applicable; it makes very few assumptions about the figure given as input or about the type of control skeleton that should be generated. A system is described that divides the problem into a series of steps, each of which is performed automatically. The basic process involves discretizing the figure, approximating its medial surface, and using that surface to construct a control skeleton. The system can produce a reasonably good control skeleton for any of a variety of figures in as little as one or two minutes on a low-end PC. The specific solution builds upon the general one but is geared toward producing more desirable skeletons for the very common case involving human-like and animal-like figures. Certain assumptions are made about the figure and about the type of control skeleton desired. In addition, heuristics based upon human and animal anatomy are invoked to adjust the control skeleton so that it is more anatomically appropriate. The motivation for this solution is the belief that a more anatomically appropriate control skeleton allows for more natural looking movement of a human or animal-like figure. Partly to support that claim, the system can produce geometry for individual bones that might function as the anatomical skeleton of the figure. This skeletal geometry can form the foundation for additional anatomical modeling that might add more realism to the animation of the figure.
A 23-Year-Old Female with a Mixed Germ Cell Tumor of the Pituitary Infundibulum: The Challenge of Differentiating Neoplasm from Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis—A Case Report and Literature Review

The pathologic spectrum of diseases that infiltrate the pituitary infundibulum includes a broad variety of clinical entities. There are significant differences in the prevalence of these etiologies depending on the age of presentation. Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH) predominates over other causes of infundibular disease in adults over age 21. Differentiating LINH from other causes of infundibular disease can be difficult because the various etiologies often have similar clinical presentations and radiologic imaging characteristics. We report the first case in an adult of a mixed germ cell tumor comprised of germinoma and embryonal cell carcinoma infiltrating the pituitary infundibulum. In our case, a 23-year-old female was initially misdiagnosed as having LINH. She presented with panhypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus, which is the most common initial presentation in both entities. The two diagnoses are difficult to distinguish based on MRI imaging, CSF findings, and histopathological examination. Our case demonstrates the need for close follow-up of patients with isolated lesions of the pituitary infundibulum and reinforces the need for biopsy of an infundibular lesion when progression of disease is demonstrated. In our case, biopsy with comprehensive immunohistochemical staining was the sole means of making a definitive diagnosis.
Doping of Polyaniline: Mechanism, Captodative Effect, Biochemical Relationships, and Chronology

Doping of Polyaniline: Mechanism, Captodative Effect, Biochemical Relationships, and Chronology
Extending the discrete finite chain condition

Abstract Established results show that every zero dimensional, first countable, locally compact space X can be densely embedded in a pseudocompact space Z that is also zero dimensional, first countable and locally compact. the construction relies on a maximal almost disjoint collection of open sets. Because zero dimensionality is present, these sets can be chosen to be clopen and Z is regular as a consequence. Moreover, the set Z − X is closed discrete. Without zero dimensionality, it is still possible to use this mad family approach and an extension Y of X can be constructed where every discrete collection of open sets is finite. In general, the set Y − X need not be closed discrete. This is to be expected; after all, there exist spaces for which no first countable pseudocompactification can be produced by adding a closed discrete set.
Thermodynamics of ordering alloys, I. Activities in cobalt-platinum alloys and some general considerations on ordering systems☆

Abstract The activity of cobalt in solid cobalt-platinum alloys has been measured by the galvanic cell technique. The observed thermodynamic properties are not those predicted by the quasi-chemical theory for ordering alloys. The properties of this and other ordering systems are discussed from the point of view of distortional energy, thermal entropy, and electronic interactions. It is shown that in general the distortional, cr strain, energy cannot be evaluated from a comparison of the heats of solution of corresponding solid and liquid solutions.
Exploring the Diagnosis of “Gifted/LD”: Characterizing Postsecondary Students With Learning Disability Diagnoses at Different IQ Levels

Increasing numbers of students are being diagnosed as simultaneously gifted and having a learning disability, although the identification procedures and characteristics of these students are matter...
MALIGNANT MELANOMA FROM THE DERMATOLOGIC PERSPECTIVE

Early recognition and treatment of thin cutaneous melanomas (stages Ia and Ib) have contributed to a decreased case-fatality rate during the past several decades. The only known preventable risk factor for melanoma is sun protection in childhood, which directly affects the number of melanocytic nevi developing in an adult. Additional risk factors, clinical features, and the malignant potential of precursor lesions are discussed. The four major clinicopathologic subtypes of melanoma are described with recommendations for appropriate biopsy techniques for suspected melanoma. Nationwide skin cancer screenings by dermatologists and greater public awareness of the warning signs of melanoma have enhanced detection of early melanoma and have promoted chances for a cure.
Cosmic thermal neutrino background: Can it be detected?

The detection of the Cosmic Thermal Neutrino Background (CTNB) would provide the “cleanest” evidence for the hot big bang model of the early Universe. I discuss some recent thoughts on the possibility of detecting the CTNB (especially if neutrinos have a small mass of ~ few eV) by looking for certain CTNB-induced features in the extremely high energy (E ≳ 1020 eV) cosmic neutrino spectrum that may become measurable in the future by some of the large-area extensive air-shower detectors being built for detecting extremely high energy cosmic rays.
Secretion of plasminogen activator from bovine parathyroid cells.

The characteristics and secretion of plasminogen activator (PA) were examined in fresh and cultured bovine parathyroid cells. Release of PA activity was maximal at low Ca concentrations ([Ca]) and suppressed at physiological [Ca]. PA secretion at high [Ca], like that of PTH, was increased by treatment of cells with chloroquine and/or 3-methyladenine. Secretion from organoids was not affected by hydrocortisone hemisuccinate, but was strongly increased by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. In cell homogenates, PA specific activity was highest in microsomes, from which less than 50% could be solubilized by Triton X-100. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of microsomes and media followed by zymography on fibrin-agarose gels showed that PA from both sources had an apparent mol wt of 44,000. No inhibitors of PA were detected by reverse zymography. PA activity was inhibited by placental urokinase (uPA) inhibitor and amiloride, which indicated that it was a uPA, but the secreted form required tissue...
Risk Analysis of On-Orbit Spacecraft Refueling Concepts

On-orbit refueling of spacecraft has been proposed as an alternative to the exclusive use of Heavy-lift Launch Vehicles to enable human exploration beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO). In these scenarios, beyond LEO spacecraft are launched dry (without propellant) or partially dry into orbit, using smaller or fewer element launch vehicles. Propellant is then launched into LEO on separate launch vehicles and transferred to the spacecraft. Refueling concepts are potentially attractive because they reduce the maximum individual payload that must be placed in Earth orbit. However, these types of approaches add significant complexity to mission operations and introduce more uncertainty and opportunities for failure to the mission. In order to evaluate these complex scenarios, the authors developed a Monte Carlo based discrete-event model that simulates the operational risks involved with such strategies, including launch processing delays, transportation system failures, and onorbit element lifetimes. This paper describes the methodology used to simulate the mission risks for refueling concepts, the strategies that were evaluated, and the results of the investigation. The results of the investigation show that scenarios that employ refueling concepts will likely have to include long launch and assembly timelines, as well as the use of spare tanker launch vehicles, in order to achieve high levels of mission success through Trans Lunar Injection.
Vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation in patients with clinically manifest ventricular tachycardia.

Abstract Ventricular vulnerability may be assessed by measuring the threshold current for the induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF). This technique has been widely utilized in animal experimentation and has been safely applied in a small number of clinical studies. We measured the VF threshold (VFT), using the single stimulus technique in 10 patients with coronary artery disease just prior to the institution of cardiopulmonary bypass. There were no adverse effects of VFT measurement. Three patients had nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) on 24-hour ambulatory monitoring and had VFTs of 10, 14, and 16 mA. In this group VF was induced without any preceding repetitive ventricular responses. Seven patients had no repetitive forms on ambulatory monitoring. Their VFTs ranged from 30 to >40 mA (mean >37). Repetitive extrasystoles were regularly observed in this group at current intensities which ranged from 53% to 80% of the VFT. Thus patients with manifest VT appear to have an enhanced vulnerability to VF. Single or multiple responses were not observed in these patients but appeared to be present in patients with coronary disease and no demonstrable rhythm disorder.
Facile Synthesis of Thick Films of Poly(methyl methacrylate), Poly(styrene), and Poly(vinyl pyridine) from Au Surfaces

Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is commonly used to grow polymer brushes from Au surfaces, but the resulting film thicknesses are usually significantly less than with ATRP from SiO(2) substrates. On Au, growth of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blocks from poly(tert-butyl acrylate) brushes occurs more rapidly than growth of PMMA from initiator monolayers, suggesting that the disparity between growth rates from Au and SiO(2) stems from the Au surface. Radical quenching by electron transfer from Au is probably not the termination mechanism because polymerization from thin, cross-linked initiators gives film thicknesses that are essentially the same as the thicknesses of films grown from SiO(2) under the same polymerization conditions. However, this result is consistent with termination through desorption of thiols from noncross-linked films, and reaction of these thiols with growing polymer chains. The enhanced stability of cross-linked initiators allows ATRP at temperatures up to ∼100 °C and enables the growth of thick films of PMMA (350 nm), polystyrene (120 nm) and poly(vinyl pyridine) (200 nm) from Au surfaces in 1 h. At temperatures >100 °C, the polymer brush layers delaminate as large area films.
Regularity and asymptotic behavior of solutions of nonautonomous differential equations

The existence of a nonautonomous approximate inertial manifold is shown for problems of the formu′ + Au + N(t,u)=0, in whichA is a self-adjoint operator with compact resolvent in a Hilbert spaceH. The operatorN(t, u) = G(u) + F(t, u) is nonlinear withG a monotone gradient that is locally Lipschitz fromD(A1/2) intoH, andF:ℝ+×H→H a Lipschitz perturbation that is Holder continuous int. Weak solutions are shown to be uniformly locally Holder continuous intoD(A) with equicontinuity in families of solutions with ¦u(0)¦ ⩽ r.A priori estimates of ¦Au(t)¦ are also verified and used in a skew-product flow to show there is a global attractor whose component elements form a equicontinuous family of solutions.
Selective inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor impairs intestinal adaptation after small bowel resection.

Background. Prior indirect studies have suggested that a functional epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) appears to be indispensable for the adaptive response of the remnant intestine to massive small bowel resection (SBR). The recent availability of a specific pharmacologic EGFR inhibitor enabled us to more directly test the hypothesis that EGFR signaling is required for postresection intestinal adaptation. Methods. Mice (C57B1/6, n = 26) underwent a 50% SBR or sham operation and were then given orogastric EGFR inhibitor (ZD1839, 50 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. After 3 days, indices of adaptation (wet weight, crypt depth, and villus height) and apoptotic index (number of apoptotic bodies per crypt) were calculated in the ileum. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and activated EGFR was measured by Western blotting. Results. ZD1839 prevented EGFR activation and the normal postresection increases in ileal wet weight, villus height, and crypt depth. Enterocyte proliferation was reduced twofold in the SBR group by ZD1839. Although not statistically significant, rates of enterocyte apoptosis were the highest in the inhibitor-treated mice. Conclusion. Following massive SBR, pharmacologic inhibition of the EGFR attenuates proliferation and the normal adaptive response of the intestine. These results more directly confirm the requirement of a functional EGFR as a mediator of the postresection adaptation response. This study demonstrates an in vivo application of a novel selective EGFR inhibitor and offers a unique experimental model to gain mechanistic insight into understanding postresection intestinal adaptation.
Molecular probes for extracellular adenosine receptors

Derivatives of adenosine receptor agonists (N6-phenyladenosines) and antagonists (1,3-dialkyl-8-phenylxanthines) bearing functionalized chains suitable for attachment to other molecules have been reported [Jacobson et al., J. med. Chem. 28, 1334 and 1341 (1985)]. The “functionalized congener” approach has been extended to the synthesis of spectroscopic and other probes for adenosine receptors that retain high affinity (Ki ∼ 10−9−10−8 M) in A1-receptor binding. The probes have been synthesized from an antagonist xanthine amine congener (XAC) and an adenosine amine congener (ADAC). [3H]ADAC has been synthesized and found to bind highly specifically to A1-adenosine receptors of rat and calf cerebral cortical membranes with KD values of 1.4 and 0.34 nM respectively. The higher affinity in the bovine brain, seen also with many of the probes derived from ADAC and XAC, is associated with phenyl substituents. The spectroscopic probes contain a reporter group attached at a distal site of the functionalized chain. These bifunctional ligands may contain a spin label (e.g. the nitroxyl radical TEMPO) for electron spin resonance spectroscopy, or a fluorescent dye, including fluorescein and 4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-l,3-diazole (NBD), or labels for 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Potential applications of the spectroscopic probes in characterization of adenosine receptors are discussed.
Debatable evidence for the adverse drug reactions to local anaesthetics.

DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. STUDY SELECTION Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, case-control studies, case reports, case series and cross-sectional studies that focused on adverse drug reactions of local anaesthetics were considered. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data abstraction was conducted independently by two reviewers, and summary data and a meta-analysis presented. RESULTS One hundred and one studies reporting 1645 events were included. Seven of these were deaths. Lidocaine (43.17%) and bupivacaine (16.32%) were the most often involved local anaesthetics. According to the meta-analysis, the risk of using LA alone was lower than when combined with epinephrine. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that the adverse drug reactions of local anaesthetics could not be ignored, especially in oral and ophthalmologic treatments. Some adverse drug reactions could be avoided by properly evaluating the conditions of patients and correctly applying local anaesthetics.
Ergonomic, Biomechanical and Physiological Stresses from Manual Materials Handling in Grocery Distribution Centers:

Ergonomic, biomechanical and physiological stresses to the 63 male and 6 female wholesale grocery order sectors were studied in three different warehouses. The mean performance indexes were 119, 11...
Automatic VLSI layout simulation

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is gaining importance in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) design for three reasons: CAD reduces design time, minimizes cost, and controls complexity.This paper describes a CAD program, SPICEGEN, developed to extract a node list from a physical layout, allowing SPICE simula tion runs directly from a physical layout. SPICEGEN has been demonstrated to save Honeywell Large Computer Products Divi sion (LCPD) time at a reduced cost by identifying errors before the prototype IC's were manufactured. Furthermore, when SPICEGEN approved a layout, it was indeed correct and could be manufactured with yield the first time.SPICEGEN can be used alone or in conjunction with other available CAD tools. Although originally developed to run SPICE simulations, SPICEGEN has, as a bonus, an error report file. This file uncovers errors such as open circuits without running the SPICE simulation.
Development and evaluation of optical fiber NH3 sensors for application in air quality monitoring

Abstract Ammonia is a major air pollutant emitted from agricultural practices. Sources of ammonia include manure from animal feeding operations and fertilizer from cropping systems. Sensor technologies with capability of continuous real time monitoring of ammonia concentration in air are needed to qualify ammonia emissions from agricultural activities and further evaluate human and animal health effects, study ammonia environmental chemistry, and provide baseline data for air quality standard. We have developed fiber optic ammonia sensors using different sensing reagents and different polymers for immobilizing sensing reagents. The reversible fiber optic sensors have detection limits down to low ppbv levels. The response time of these sensors ranges from seconds to tens minutes depending on transducer design. In this paper, we report our results in the development and evaluation of fiber optic sensor technologies for air quality monitoring. The effect of change of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration on fiber optic ammonia sensors has been investigated. Carbon dioxide in air was found not interfere the fiber optic sensors for monitoring NH3. However, the change of humidity can cause interferences to some fiber optic NH3 sensors depending on the sensor's transducer design. The sensitivity of fiber optic NH3 sensors was found depends on temperature. Methods and techniques for eliminating these interferences have been proposed.
The Impact of thermostatic expansion valve heating on the performance of air-source heat pumps in heating mode

This paper discusses the strategy of improving the efficiency of air-source heat pumps by adding a small amount of heat to the sensor of the thermostatic expansion valve (TXV). TXV heating retards the closing of the valve and boosts energy efficiency in heating mode. Test results demonstrate that appropriate TXV heating achieves an improvement in coefficient of performance (COP) and thermal comfort. The required heating power is no more than 40 W and the additional equipment cost is less than $20 at manufacturer cost (2006). Thus, the strategy of TXV heating is both technologically practical and low cost.
The Cell Cycle Timing of Centromeric Chromatin Assembly in Drosophila Meiosis Is Distinct from Mitosis Yet Requires CAL1 and CENP-C

CENP-A (CID in flies) is the histone H3 variant essential for centromere specification, kinetochore formation, and chromosome segregation during cell division. Recent studies have elucidated major cell cycle mechanisms and factors critical for CENP-A incorporation in mitosis, predominantly in cultured cells. However, we do not understand the roles, regulation, and cell cycle timing of CENP-A assembly in somatic tissues in multicellular organisms and in meiosis, the specialized cell division cycle that gives rise to haploid gametes. Here we investigate the timing and requirements for CID assembly in mitotic tissues and male and female meiosis in Drosophila melanogaster, using fixed and live imaging combined with genetic approaches. We find that CID assembly initiates at late telophase and continues during G1 phase in somatic tissues in the organism, later than the metaphase assembly observed in cultured cells. Furthermore, CID assembly occurs at two distinct cell cycle phases during male meiosis: prophase of meiosis I and after exit from meiosis II, in spermatids. CID assembly in prophase I is also conserved in female meiosis. Interestingly, we observe a novel decrease in CID levels after the end of meiosis I and before meiosis II, which correlates temporally with changes in kinetochore organization and orientation. We also demonstrate that CID is retained on mature sperm despite the gross chromatin remodeling that occurs during protamine exchange. Finally, we show that the centromere proteins CAL1 and CENP-C are both required for CID assembly in meiosis and normal progression through spermatogenesis. We conclude that the cell cycle timing of CID assembly in meiosis is different from mitosis and that the efficient propagation of CID through meiotic divisions and on sperm is likely to be important for centromere specification in the developing zygote.
The application of charge independence to the nuclear capture of Negative K-mesons

The results of the charge independence hypothesis are compared with the existing experimental data on the nuclear capture of negative K-mesons. The comparison of the calculated gS− /gS+ and π−/π+ emission ratios with the experimental ones strongly suggest the dominance of theT= 1 state (1) over theT= 0 state in the primary act. Furthermore, the π−/π+ emission ratio is shown to give an estimate of the branching ratio between gS emission and Λ0 emission, which is free from the ambiguities due to the secondary absorption of the products of the primary act or due to the difficulties of detecting neutral particles and is only slightly affected by secondary charge exchange scatterings of the product particles. The preliminary value thus determined by using the experimental data thus far available for the π−/π+ emission ratio, suggests that gS emission is more favored than Λ0 emission in the primary act. The implications of measuring the positive-to-negative ratio of high energy π-mesons emitted from K− captures is discussed in some detail and a few experiments are proposed in this connection.
Restocking Inventory in Groups: A Transport Inventory Case

The study described here used data from a retailer of soft goods and housewares to evaluate various inventory‐grouping methods and to determine an optimal method considering inventory, transportation and consolidation costs. The specific objectives of this article are:
Numerical algebraic geometry and symbolic computation

In a recent joint work with Andrew Sommese and Charles Wampler, numerical homotopy continuation methods have been developed to deal with positive dimensional solution sets of polynomial systems. As solving polynomial systems is such a fundamental problem, connections with recent research in symbolic computation are not hard to find. We will address two such connections.One part of the numerical output of our methods consists of a "membership test" used to determine whether a point lies on apositive dimensional solution component. While Grobner bases provide an exact answer to the ideal membership test, geometrical results can be obtained at a lower complexity, as shown by Marc Giusti and Joos Heintz [6]. The recent work of Gregoire Lecerf [7, 9] implements an irreducible decomposition in a symbolic manner.The factorization of multivariate polynomials with approximate coefficients was posed as an open problem in symbolic computation by Erich Kaltofen [8]. Providing a certificate for a numerical factorization by means of the linear trace is related to ideas of Andre Galligo and David Rupprecht [3, 4], which also appears in the works of Tateaki Sasaki [10] and collaborators. See also [1, 2] and [5].
Permeability changes associated with large earthquakes: An example from Loma Prieta, California

The Loma Prieta (California) earthquake (October 17, 1989; M 7.1) caused significant changes in the hydrology of the San Lorenzo and Pescadero drainage basins, northwest of the epicenter. Streamflow increased at most gauging stations within 15 min after the earthquake. Ionic concentrations and the calcite saturation index of the stream water also increased. Streamflow and solute concentrations decayed significantly over a period of several months following the earthquake. Ground-water levels in the highland parts of the basins were locally lowered by as much as 21 m within weeks to months after the earthquake. The spatial and temporal character of the hydrologic response suggests that the earthquake increased rock permeability and temporarily enhanced ground-water flow rates in the region.
Application of AHP FSE Method in the Network Course Quality Evaluation

Abstract In order to resolve a problem on the network course quality evaluation be affected by many complicated factors, combining with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation (FSE) is applied in it. Firstly, it makes a top-down analysis of the factors that affect the network courses and establishes a set of hierarchical factor structure with AHP. Then, it evaluates the single factor, including to determine the weight of each factor to decision-making with AHP and to calculate the influence degree of each factor with FSE. Finally, it gives a down-top comprehensive fuzzy evaluation until obtaining the final evaluation result. Its results showed that AHP FSE considered fully the factors’ hierarchy and weight that affect the quality of network course. The Application of AHP FSE method can give an overall evaluation for the network course effectively.
The Impact of Campus Context, College Encounters, and Religious/Spiritual Struggle on Ecumenical Worldview Development

Using a national longitudinal sample of 14,274 college students generated as part of the UCLA Spirituality in Higher Education Project, this study employed structural equation modeling to analyze how students develop an ecumenical worldview. The findings suggest that challenging co-curricular experiences and the salience of religion and spirituality in academic encounters tend to provoke religious/spiritual struggles, which in turn enhance ecumenical worldview.
Chronic viral funisitis.

Four cases of chronic funisitis, a rare variant of umbilical cord inflammation, are presented and compared with the acute and subacute forms. The distinctive findings are a predominantly lymphoplasmocytic infiltration, coagulative necrosis of the vascular media with secondary calcification, and the unusual association of chronic funisitis with chronic chorioamnionitis and chronic villitis. One fetus was stillborn, another was aborted, and two were live-born. Two fetuses were growth retarded and three had evidence of infection. Viral inclusions were identified in three placentas. The data strongly suggest that lymphoplasmocytic funisitis in these cases is the result of chronic intrauterine viral infection.
Lewis theory for energy straggling in thin layers

Abstract A Lewis-moments theory for energy straggling is developed that underpins the observed numerical accuracy of moment-preserving approximations for computing charged particle energy-loss distributions in thin layers. Specifically, we prove that for a certain class of straggling models, if an approximate straggling model has identical collisional energy-loss moments as the exact or analog model through a fixed order N, then the corresponding energy-moments of the energy-loss distributions are identical to order N.
The Up-and-Down Method with Small Samples

THE up-and-down method for estimating the 50 per cent response point of quantal data was originally devised for testing the sensitivity of explosives. Dixon and Mood [6] suggested that this method might have advantages in other fields of application. They gave approximate maximum likelihood estimates for the parameters of the (normal) response curve, and approximate formulas for the standard errors of these estimates. They pointed out that, on the basis of formulas for the asymptotic variance, the up-and-down method was 30 or 40 per cent more efficient than the usual probit analysis method. In spite of this efficiency advantage, the up-and-down method does not seem to have been given much consideration in such fields as bioassay [10, p. 909] or fatigue testing of metals. It has suffered from two restrictions which, taken together, have greatly limited its usefulness in many experimental situations:
Internal vs external locus of control and the use of self-reinforcement.

All Ss received training on a verbal discrimination task with E reinforcing correct responses. After training to a 60% criterion E ceased administering reinforcement and Ss were instructed to reinf...
A novel device to stretch multiple tissue samples with variable patterns: application for mRNA regulation in tissue-engineered constructs.

A broad range of cells are subjected to irregular time varying mechanical stimuli within the body, particularly in the respiratory and circulatory systems. Mechanical stretch is an important factor in determining cell function; however, the effects of variable stretch remain unexplored. In order to investigate the effects of variable stretch, we designed, built and tested a uniaxial stretching device that can stretch three-dimensional tissue constructs while varying the strain amplitude from cycle to cycle. The device is the first to apply variable stretching signals to cells in tissues or three dimensional tissue constructs. Following device validation, we applied 20% uniaxial strain to Gelfoam samples seeded with neonatal rat lung fibroblasts with different levels of variability (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%). RT-PCR was then performed to measure the effects of variable stretch on key molecules involved in cell-matrix interactions including: collagen 1α, lysyl oxidase, α-actin, β1 integrin, β3 integrin, syndeca...
Clustering of manganese(II) ions in barium chloride dihydrate-an electron spin resonance study

Abstract Room temperature X-band electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of manganese (II) doped single crystals of barium chloride dihydrate have been studied. Manganese(II) dopings ranging from 0.03 to 28.5 mol % were examined. The calculated line broadening as a function of manganese(II) concentration is in good agreement with experiment. At high manganese(II) concentrations the extent of clustering could be assessed.
Arginine 387 of human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase plays a crucial role in substrate/product binding.

Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD) is a homotetrameric flavoenzyme, which catalyzes the conversion of isovaleryl-CoA to 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA and transfers electrons to the electron-transferring flavoprotein, and is a member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACD) enzyme family. Human IVD crystal structure with a bound substrate analogue shows the guanidino group of Arg387, a conserved residue among other members of the ACD enzyme family, juxtaposed to a phosphate oxygen of the 4'-phosphopantothiene moiety of the substrate analogue. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to investigate the role of Arg387 in substrate binding and enzyme function. Replacing this residue with Lys, Ala, Gln, or Glu resulted in stable proteins. Spectrophotometric substrate binding assays indicated that the Arg387Lys mutant was able to form the charge-transfer complex intermediate with similar efficiency to wild type, while the rest of the mutants were significantly less able to properly form this intermediate. However, the Km of the isovaleryl-CoA for the Arg387Lys mutant was 20.3 compared to 1.5 microM for the wild type. The Km for the rest of the mutants were 75.6, 195, and 550 microM, respectively. The catalytic efficiency per mole of FAD was 20.3, 3.3, 2.0, and 0.34 for the mutants, respectively, compared to 260 microM(-1) x min(-1) for the wild type. These results substantiate the important role of Arg387 in anchoring the substrate, and are consistent with the hypothesis that residues distant from the active site are important for stabilizing the enzyme:substrate/product complex, and could play an important role in the mechanism of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
Specificity and Crossreactivity of Immune Serum and Hybridoma Antibodies to Various Species of Avian Coccidia

Abstract The species-specificity and crossreactivity of serum antibodies (Ab) from birds immunized specifically with six different species of coccidia and of 24 hybridoma antibodies (Ab) developed against four species of chicken and two species of turkey coccidia were determined by use of the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test on air-dried sporozoites. With few exceptions, the immune chicken sera were found to crossreact with all species of coccidia tested. Seven of the hybridoma Ab were species-specific, while the other 17 Ab demonstrated varying degrees of crossreactivity. Similar types of IFA patterns were seen with both the species-specific and crossreactive hybridoma Ab. Some of the crossreactive hybridoma Ab produced one type of IFA pattern with the sporozoites against which they were originally raised and different patterns with other species of sporozoites. The development of the hybridoma Ab has made it possible to identify the species of coccidia found in mixed infections and check the purity of laboratory strains.
Influence of surface morphology on the low energy hydrogen ion erosion yields of beryllium

Abstract It has been found that the surfaces of both vacuum-deposited and hot-pressed beryllium develop closely spaced, high angle cones under extended low energy (1000 eV) hydrogen ion bombardment. This needlelike eroded surface morphology results in a lowering of the 1000 eV hydrogen ion erosion yield by about 30–40% compared to the uneroded material. Measured erosion yields for both hot-pressed and vacuum-deposited beryllium are: Be ( virgin , 1000 eV ) = ~0.04 atoms / ion ; Be (eroded, 1000 eV ) = 0.027 atoms / ion ; Be (virgin, 250 eV ) = ~0.011 atoms / ion ; Be (eroded, 250 eV ) = 0.0091 atoms / ion .
Changing patterns in the Holocene pollen record of northeastern North America: A mapped summary

By mapping the data from 62 radiocarbon-dated pollen diagrams, this paper illustrates the Holocene history of four major vegetational regions in northeastern North America. Isopoll maps, difference maps, and isochrone maps are used in order to examine the changing patterns within the data set and to study broad-scale and long-term vegetational dynamics. Isopoll maps show the distributions of spruce (Picea), pine (Pinus), oak (Quercus), herb (nonarboreal pollen groups excluding Cyperaceae), and birch + maple + beech + hemlock (Betula, Acer, Fagus, Tsuga) pollen at specified times from 11,000 BP to present. Difference maps were constructed by subtracting successive isopoll maps and illustrate the changing patterns of pollen abundances from one time to the next. The isochrone maps portray the movement of ecotones and range limits by showing their positions at a sequence of times during the Holocene. After 11,000 BP, the broad region over which spruce pollen had dominated progressively shrank as the boreal forest zone was compressed between the retreating ice margin and the rapidly westward and northward expanding region where pine was the predominant pollen type. Simultaneously, the oak-pollen-dominated deciduous forest moved up from the south and the prairie expanded eastward. By 7000 BP, the prairie had attained its maximum eastward extent with the period of its most rapid expansion evident between 10,000 and 9000 BP. Many of the trends of the early Holocene were reversed after 7000 BP with the prairie retreating westward and the boreal and other zones edging southward. In the last 500 years, man's impact on the vegetation is clearly visible, especially in the greatly expanded region dominated by herb pollen. The large scale changes before 7000 BP probably reflect shifts in the macroclimatic patterns that were themselves being modified by the retreat and disintegration of the Laurentide ice sheet. Subsequent changes in the pollen and vegetation were less dramatic than those of the early Holocene.
The early identification of lung carcinoma by sputum cytology.

BACKGROUND Sputum cytology was considered to be ineffective in previous National Cancer Institute trials for early lung carcinoma detection. However, sputum cytology was effective in identifying roentgenographically occult lung carcinoma in a community lung carcinoma identification program, where lung carcinoma was suspected on the basis of symptoms, smoking, or airflow obstruction. METHODS The community project and the results of a newer lung carcinoma identification program were reviewed. RESULTS Actuarial survival curves from a previously published study where 46 of 51 roentgenographically occult carcinomas could be treated by surgery (n = 27) or curative radiation therapy (n = 19) is presented. Overall survival, taking deaths from all causes at five years, was 54.4%. The serial study of high risk patients with airflow obstruction and more than 30 pack-years of smoking revealed a 1.8% yield of lung carcinoma. This is a higher yield than in mammography (0.3%–0.5%). CONCLUSION Sputum cytology can be useful in identifying lung carcinoma in its early and occult stages, particularly in patients at high risk for this disease. Cancer 2000;89:2461–4. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
Long-term risk for depressive symptoms after a medical diagnosis

Background This study examines the risk of development of significant depressive symptoms after a new diagnosis of cancer, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, arthritis, chronic lung disease, or stroke. Methods The study used 5 biennial waves (1992-2000) of the Health and Retirement Study to follow a sample of 8387 adults (aged 51 to 61 years and without significant depressive symptoms in 1992) from 1994 to 2000. Time-dependent Cox regression models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for an episode of significant depressive symptoms after a new diagnosis for each of the 7 medical conditions. Results Within 2 years of initial diagnosis, subjects with cancer had the highest hazard of depressive symptoms (HR, 3.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.79-4.52), followed by subjects with chronic lung disease (HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.64-2.79) and heart disease (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.09-1.93). The hazard for depressive symptoms for most of these diseases decreased over time; however, subjects with heart disease continued to have a higher risk for depressive symptoms even 2 to 4 years and 4 to 8 years after diagnosis, and a significantly higher hazard for depressive symptoms developed for persons with arthritis 2 to 4 years after diagnosis (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.11-1.92). Conclusion The findings identify several high-risk patient groups who might benefit from depression screening and monitoring to improve health outcomes in this vulnerable population facing new medical illnesses.
Stability analysis of a two-phase test loop

Abstract This paper presents an analytical model developed for investigating the stability characteristics of a low-pressure natural circulation test facility. The approach is to convert the two-phase flow system into a linear feedback system with respect to a steady-state operating point and linear theory is then applied to determine if the system would be stable around the operating point. The analysis results show that the stability of the system is sensitive to its inlet temperature and power level.
Explaining variation in affiliative relationships among male white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus)

Relationships among coresident male white-faced capuchins are highly variable, ranging from affiliative to aggressive. In this paper I examine the affiliative relationships of all adult and subadult males residing in four social groups in Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica. Relationships among males in two study groups were neutral and tolerant, while in the remaining two groups males were highly affiliative. Male-male dyadic affiliative interactions were examined to determine which variables (group size, sex ratio, age relationship, relationship duration, and rank distance) influence the quality of male relationships within the study groups. Group size explained much of the variation, with males in small groups being more affiliative. However, the duration and history of the relationship among coresident males appears to be the most important variable in understanding male-male relationships within social groups.