cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Colotomy Repair Following Colonoscopic Polypectomy

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: The unfortunate compli-cation of a colotomy resulting from a colonoscopicpolypectomy can be disastrous. Using the versatility oflaparoscopic surgery, we aim to provide a treatment al-gorithm for these colonoscopic perforations. Methods: We report a case of cecal perforation, in a 70yearoldfemale,followingcolonoscopicpolypectomythatwas treated successfully with laparoscopic application ofan Endo-GIA linear stapler. Results: Four months following staple resection of hercecal perforation, the patient is asymptomatic and hasundergone a repeat colonoscopy without any sequelae. Conclusions: Laparoscopic techniques can be safely ap-plied in the treatment of colonic perforations followingtherapeutic polypectomies. A suggested management al-gorithmisprovidedhighlightingtherolelaparoscopymayprovide in selected patients. Key Words: Laparoscopy, Colonoscopy, Complications,Perforation. INTRODUCTION Colon perforation during therapeutic colonoscopy hasbeen estimated to occur at a rate of approximately 0.1%to 0.3%.
New results on fully corrected dijet asymmetry in Pb + Pb collisions with ATLAS

The phenomenon of events containing highly asymmetric dijet pairs is one of the most striking results in heavy ion physics, providing the first direct observation of in-medium jet energy loss at the Large Hadron Collider. Detailed measurements of a centrality-dependent dijet imbalance in 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions using data collected by the ATLAS detector in the 2011 LHC heavy ion run are presented. The new analysis provides a measurement, fully corrected for detector e ects to the particle level, of the centrality- and leading jet transverse momentum- (pT-) dependence of the dijet pT balance distribution, compared to an analogous measurement in pp collisions at the same center-of-mass energy.
Babich's expansion and the fast Huygens sweeping method for the Helmholtz wave equation at high frequencies

In some applications, it is reasonable to assume that geodesics (rays) have a consistent orientation so that the Helmholtz equation can be viewed as an evolution equation in one of the spatial directions. With such applications in mind, starting from Babich's expansion, we develop a new high-order asymptotic method, which we dub the fast Huygens sweeping method, for solving point-source Helmholtz equations in inhomogeneous media in the high-frequency regime and in the presence of caustics. The first novelty of this method is that we develop a new Eulerian approach to compute the asymptotics, i.e. the traveltime function and amplitude coefficients that arise in Babich's expansion, yielding a locally valid solution, which is accurate close enough to the source. The second novelty is that we utilize the Huygens-Kirchhoff integral to integrate many locally valid wavefields to construct globally valid wavefields. This automatically treats caustics and yields uniformly accurate solutions both near the source and remote from it. The third novelty is that the butterfly algorithm is adapted to accelerate the Huygens-Kirchhoff summation, achieving nearly optimal complexity O ( N log ź N ) , where N is the number of mesh points; the complexity prefactor depends on the desired accuracy and is independent of the frequency. To reduce the storage of the resulting tables of asymptotics in Babich's expansion, we use the multivariable Chebyshev series expansion to compress each table by encoding the information into a small number of coefficients.The new method enjoys the following desired features. First, it precomputes the asymptotics in Babich's expansion, such as traveltime and amplitudes. Second, it takes care of caustics automatically. Third, it can compute the point-source Helmholtz solution for many different sources at many frequencies simultaneously. Fourth, for a specified number of points per wavelength, it can construct the wavefield in nearly optimal complexity in terms of the total number of mesh points, where the prefactor of the complexity only depends on the specified accuracy and is independent of frequency. Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical experiments have been carried out to illustrate the performance, efficiency, and accuracy of the method.
Promoting Health through Biking Programs for Youth with Developmental Disabilities

Riding a bicycle is a leisure skill typically developed in childhood. However, many youth with developmental disabilities struggle and often fail to master this leisure skill. This brief literature review summarizes strategies used to facilitate cycling skill acquisition in youth with a variety of developmental disabilities. Positive health outcomes in the areas of physical, cognitive and social health are also presented. A knowledge translation plans offers therapists guidance on equipment adaptations, facilitation techniques and program structure based on recommendations in the literature.
A novel method for radiotherapy patient identification using surface imaging

Performing a procedure on the wrong patient or site is one of the greatest errors that can occur in medicine. The addition of automation has been shown to reduce errors in many processes. In this work we explore the use of an automated patient identification process using optical surface imaging for radiotherapy treatments. Surface imaging uses visible light to align the patient to a reference surface in the treatment room. It is possible to evaluate the similarity between a daily set-up surface image and the reference image using distance to agreement between the points on the two surfaces. The higher the percentage overlapping points within a defined distance, the more similar the surfaces. This similarity metric was used to intercompare 16 left-sided breast patients. The reference surface for each patient was compared to 10 daily treatment surfaces for the same patient, and 10 surfaces from each of the other 15 patients (for a total of 160 comparisons per patient), looking at the percent of points overlapping. For each patient, the minimum same-patient similarity score was higher than the maximum different-patient score. For the group as a whole a threshold was able to classify correct and incorrect patients with high levels of accuracy. A 10-fold cross-validation using linear discriminant analysis gave cross-validation loss of 0.0074. An automated process using surface imaging is a feasible option to provide nonharmful daily patient identification verification using currently available technology.
Comment on the Division of the Plane by Lines

The purpose of this note is to illustrate what I consider a basic principle in mathematical research: If a problem is difficult, don't be afraid to get your hands dirty. That is, make up various examples, simple and complex, and test out what happens, in a rather complete manner. The example I consider is: How many regions are formed by a set of straight lines in the plane? I refer to the recent paper of John E. Wetzel [1]. To follow the suggested principle, draw a number of lines in the plane, and actually look at the counting process. The question arises at once: In what order shall I count the regions? There are plenty of choices; so look for some simple choice. If the "plane" is a large sheet of paper on a table, you might first count the ones furthest up, then move downwards. You could stretch a stick across and move it downwards, counting from left to right if several regions are touched at the same time. Or to avoid hiding parts of the figure, move a stretched string downwards. Call this a "sweep line"; we have come naturally to the "ingenious notion" in Wetzel's paper (p. 654). If the diagram is really large, and you are in the middle, you could first count those regions furthest away; the sweep line is replaced by a shrinking circle. A difficulty here (counting some regions twice) is apt to lead you to flatten the circles, thus bringing you to the sweep line. My most important message here is toward the educational process: You learn math best by doing it; especially, by needing it in some situation. Especially in early grades, "dirtying your hands" becomes "act out the story." In this way, there is a much better chance that schoolchildren will regain some of the extraordinary rate of learning that they exhibited before entering school.
Successful Outcome of Artificial Urinary Sphincters in Men with Post-Prostatectomy Urinary Incontinence Despite Adverse Implantation Features

A total of 75 men with post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence underwent artificial urinary sphincter implantation with a mean followup of 3.7 years. Average patient age at implantation was 67 years, with 30 men being 70 years old or older. In only 15 men (20%) was there no adverse implantation feature, while the remainder had adverse features, such as detrusor hyperactivity (44), bladder neck or urethral stricture disease (27), previous radiation therapy (11) and metastatic prostate cancer (11). Although men with ideal implantation characteristics, men with normal detrusors and men who underwent prostatectomy for benign disease had slightly better outcome in terms of urinary continence, in general each group of men with and without adverse features had satisfactory urinary continence. Other than men with a benign prostate, who fared better, each group of men with and without adverse features had equal need for device revisions. In conclusion, men with post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence should not be excluded from consideration for artificial urinary sphincter implantation based on the failure to meet ideal implantation criteria provided such adverse features are recognized and appropriately addressed.
The response of eosinophils in the guinea pig to sensitization, anaphylaxis and various drugs.

1. The eosinophilic response of the guinea pig sensitized and reinjected with the specific antigen varies with the nature of the antigen used, but also with the individual guinea pig in any groupsensitized and reinjected with the same antigen. 2. Certain antihistamine drugs which abolish anaphylactic symptoms, do not abolish the eosinophilic response. 3. The severity of anaphylactic "shock" symptoms has no influence on the eosinophilic response. 4. Histamine phosphate has no effect on the eosinophil count of nonsensitized guinea pigs protected by benadryl; it causes a distinct eosinophilic response in sensitized animals. 5. Heparin—in the dose injected—produced only an insignificant rise in the peripheral eosinophil count of sensitized guinea pigs; adenosine had no effect. 6. Attempts were made to correlate the eosinophilic response in bone marrow, blood and shock tissue of guinea pigs sensitized and reinjected with a specific antigen. The variation within a wide range of the number of eosinophils in the bone marrow of nonsensitized and of sensitized, reinjected guinea pigs is emphasized. A definite correlation seems to exist between the presence of a large number of eosinophils in blood and lungs; it is shown, however, that this observation permits only limited conclusions. 7. The factors which account for discrepancies in the interpretation of the eosinophilic response, e.g., nature of antigen, route of administration and characteristics of species, are analyzed. 8. The significance of the findings is reviewed in the light of previous work. ACKNOWLEDGMENT We wish to express our appreciation to Miss Alice Sprenger for her patient and efficient technical assistance.
Determining P–T paths from garnet zoning using a brute-force computational method

Reconstructing metamorphic pressure–temperature (P–T) paths through petrographic textures, mineral assemblages, and compositions is fundamental to the understanding of orogenesis. We present a new method to derive the P–T path of a rock from mineral zoning. Using Perple_X (Connolly in Earth Planet Sci Lett 236(1–2):524–541, 2005) and a Matlab script, we forward model garnet zoning, parageneses, and mineral modes for an arbitrary set of possible P–T paths, and then compare the calculated results to mineral modes, textures, and zoning preserved in rocks. The best-fit P–T path is determined by comparing the calculated zoning to the measured zoning using the sum of squares. The results indicate that combining Mg#, Ca, and Mn zoning in garnet with mineral modes can yield precise constraints on the P–T path of a rock.
Foraging and Subsistence

I would like to say a few words about this land. The only food I like is meat. Inuk man (Brody 1987: 62) Why should we plant, when there are so many mongongos [nuts] in the world? /Xashe, a Ju/’hoan man (Lee 1979) Subsistence studies have long been prominent in the anthropology of hunter-gatherers – and why not: without food, people die. Before Man the Hunter , anthropologists assumed that foragers mostly ate meat. And so it is ironic that one of the conference's revelations was the importance of plant food to hunter-gatherers. Especially persuasive were Richard Lee's data on Ju/’hoan diet, 85 percent of which was plant food. And Lee argued that the Ju/’hoansi were not alone: analyzing a sample of foraging societies, he found that the mean contribution of meat to foraging diets at all latitudes is only 35 percent. This helped overturn the patrilineal-band model, with its emphasis on the male hunting of large game. In fact, some even replaced the term “hunter-gatherer” with “gatherer-hunter” (e.g., Bender and Morris 1988)! Recognition of the role of plant food in hunter-gatherer subsistence was an important step since it exposed bias in hunting-focused models of human evolution. Nonetheless, switching the emphasis from hunting to gathering repeats the error of stereotyping and deflects attention from understanding variability among forager diets. In this chapter, we first establish that hunter-gatherer diets are systematically related to their environments by demonstrating simple correlations between gross dietary and environmental variables. We then examine optimization models that anthropologists use to account for the composition of foraging diets.
Galois representations attached to tensor products of arithmetic cohomology

Abstract We compute the action of Hecke operators on tensor products of cohomology classes of lower congruence subgroups of SL ( n , Z ) in trivial weight. We use this computation to prove that if each representation in a collection of Galois representations is attached to a cohomology class of a lower congruence subgroup in trivial weight, then a sum of certain twists of the representations consistent with the main conjectures of [5] , [10] is also attached to such a cohomology class.
Domyzus (nectarosiphon) species other thanm persicae pose a threat to the idaho potato crop

Green peach aphids (Myzus persicae (Sulzer) ) pose a threat to the Idaho potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop primarily because they transmit potato leafroll virus (PLRV). Only colonizing vectors are epidemiologically significant because PLRV is persistently transmitted. Additionally, Idaho winters are severe enough that most permanently anholocyclic aphid species do not establish. It is now accepted that the taxon that has been known asMyzus (Nectarosiphon)persicae (Sulzer) is in fact at least three species (M. persicae, Myzus nicotianae Blackman andMyzus antirrhinii (Macchiati) ). It was not known whether the newly designated species had the potential to damage the Idaho potato crop. The objectives of our research were to determine whetherMyzus (Nectarosiphon) spp. other thanM. persicae occurred naturally in Idaho, whether they could colonize potato and transmit PLRV, and whether they were potentially holocyclic. NoMyzus (Nectarosiphon) spp. other thanM. persicae were found in Idaho in trap nurseries; howeverMyzus ascalonicus Doncaster recently has been found on stored bulbs and in suction trap collections in north Idaho. Laboratory bioassays for PLRV vector potential usingPhysalis floridana Rydb. indicator plants show thatM. nicotianae can transmit PLRV as efficiently asM. persicae. Similarly,M. nicotianae colonized potato as well asM. persicae in a replicated laboratory experiment comparing two clones ofM. nicotianae and one clone ofM. persicae. Our observations indicate that North AmericanM. nicotianae may be capable of a limited facultative holocycle. Thus, in laboratory experiments,M. nicotianae is as damaging asM. persicae with respect to PLRV vector potential; however,M. nicotianae may not occur naturally in areas like Idaho that have no tobacco production. A summary of allMyzus (Nectarosiphon) spp. with respect to PLRV epidemiology is provided.
11.3 A 10nm 32Kb low-voltage logic-compatible anti-fuse one-time-programmable memory with anti-tampering sensing scheme

A two-transistor antifuse OTP memory macro using permanent MOS-gate-oxide breakdown as a programming scheme is fabricated and characterized. The antifuse OTP bitcell is composed of an NMOS as antifuse element and as a select transistor. Characterization shows that this solution is a viable technology option for modern OTP and electrical fuse applications.
The Emerging Non-state Sector in Cuba’s Economy

This essay reviews the following works: Open for Business: Building the New Cuban Economy. By Richard E. Feinberg. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2016. Pp. vii + 264. $22.00 cloth. ISBN: 9780815727675. Miradas a la economia cubana: Analisis del sector no estatal. Edited by Omar Everleny Perez Villanueva and Ricardo Torres. La Habana: Editorial Caminos, 2015. Pp. 163. $5, paper. ISBN: 9789593031080. Entrepreneurial Cuba: The Changing Policy Landscape. By Archibald R. M. Ritter and Ted A. Henken. Boulder, CO: First Forum Press, 2015. Pp. xiv + 374. $79.95 cloth. ISBN: 9781626371637. Retos para la equidad social en el proceso de actualizacion del modelo economico cubano. Edited by Maria del Carmen Zavala et al. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Sociales, 2015. Pp. vi + 362. $20 paper. ISBN: 9789590616105.
Advanced data structures for the interpretation of image and cartographic data in geo-based information systems.

A growing need to usse geographic information systems (GIS) to improve the flexibility and overall performance of very large, heterogeneous data bases was examined. The Vaster structure and the Topological Grid structure were compared to test whether such hybrid structures represent an improvement in performance. The use of artificial intelligence in a geographic/earth sciences data base context is being explored. The architecture of the Knowledge Based GIS (KBGIS) has a dual object/spatial data base and a three tier hierarchial search subsystem. Quadtree Spatial Spectra (QTSS) are derived, based on the quadtree data structure, to generate and represent spatial distribution information for large volumes of spatial data.
The newsvendor's joint procurement and pricing problem under price-sensitive stochastic demand and purchase price uncertainty

Abstract We assume that a newsvendor has a particular time period before the commencement of the selling season to make a one-time “time-flexible” purchase (Li and Kouvelis [19]) from one of the multiple alternative suppliers that differ in their fluctuating price processes, and then sets the price to satisfy the price-sensitive stochastic demand. We develop the joint procurement planning and pricing procedure to maximize the newsvendor's expected profit, and further develop a reality-adaptable solution algorithm to simplify the procedure, which quickly decreases the computational complexity when there exist multiple alternative suppliers and the procurement planning period is long. We analyze how the preseason cost, i.e., the total cost before selling season, affects the firm's optimal order quantity, selling price, and the optimal expected profit, and then compare the joint procurement and pricing decisions (to maximize the expected profit) with separate procurement and pricing decisions, i.e., making procurement decision (to minimize the expected cost) first and then pricing decision (to maximize the expected revenue). Through extensive numerical analysis: (1) We demonstrate that the joint purchasing and selling strategy performs much better than making purchasing and selling decisions separately. (2) We show that the firm's optimal expected profit benefits greatly from increasing the potential supplier base. (3) We study the effect of the key parameters on the purchasing decisions.
Regional variation in Holocene climate quantified from pollen in the Great Plains of North America

The Great Plains experienced extreme fluctuations in precipitation and temperature throughout the Holocene, but these fluctuations have been difficult to quantify systematically across the region. Pollen has long been used as a proxy for reconstructing climate changes, but its power is limited if a region is devoid of modern pollen samples to facilitate comparison with known climate conditions. Here, we present a set of pollen-climate transfer functions developed using weighted-averaging partial least squares to reconstruct mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean temperature of the coldest month (MTcold) and mean temperature of the warmest month (MTwarm). At the foundation of these transfer functions is a new set of 141 modern pollen samples that specifically cover the climate space of the Great Plains. These functions quantify the relationship between pollen assemblages and modern climate in this region (r = 0.928, 0.838 and 0.897 for MAP, MTcold and MTwarm, respectively). We applied these functions to three previously established pollen records taken from lacustrine sites in the region – Fox Lake, MN; Moon Lake, ND; and Kettle Lake, ND – to reconstruct precipitation and temperature at these sites throughout the Holocene. Annual precipitation reconstructed with these transfer functions at Moon Lake and Kettle Lake does not capture a severe, prolonged period of drought during the mid-Holocene as seen in many other proxy records from these sites and from the region. Reconciliation of these results involves both the autecology of Ambrosia and the inability of any pollen surface samples to capture seasonal and short-term variability in precipitation. Thus, the transfer functions correctly reconstruct periodic wet summers and a disturbance factor favouring Ambrosia, but miss the effects of reduced winter precipitation and increased frequency of severe drought. The problem revealed here may be more general to biomes with higher frequency disturbance regimes and more weedy species.
What Do Freshman Medical Students Want from Their First Clinical Experience in Psychiatry

Since 1977, the Department of Psychiatry at Indiana University School of Medicine has offered a clinical elective in Consultation/Liaison Child Psychiatry to freshmen medical students. It helps students view themselves as true “doctors-in-training” rather than merely “medical students,” teaches an approach to patients using the students’ own personality styles, and offers the opportunity for students to integrate basic science material with its practical clinical applications. Student and faculty evaluations are included.
When Vasculitis Is Not Vasculitis

Conditions that mask or mimic vascular inflammation are many, the paths to diagnostic distinction are varied, and the prognostic and therapeutic consequences of misreading the signposts are profound. Six cases illustrate.
Parents as Behavior Therapists for Their Autistic Children

Behavior modification procedures used in laboratory and clinical settings have proven useful in managing and treating autistic children (Margolies, 1977). The fact that significant gains were made following limited exposure to a select few behavioral procedures argues convincingly for their potency and applicability in both educational and family settings. In point of fact, behavior modification techniques were incorporated in almost all of the programs designed for autistic children between the years 1971 and 1976 (Sullivan, 1976).
Investigation of concrete-filled steel tube beams strengthened with CFRP against impact loads

Abstract As a promising strengthening solution, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets have been used to improve the structural response of concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) in service loads, owing to the durability and high strength-to-weight ratio provided by CFRP. Despite the wealth of knowledge available in the literature on how CFRP sheets contribute to strengthening CFSTs under static loads, there is a research gap regarding how the strengthened structural components respond to lateral impact loads , due to vehicle and vessel collision, as well as wind and water-borne debris impact. This was the motivation of the current study to establish a computational framework supported by experimental tests to evaluate the performance of CFST beams with and without CFRP under a set of impact scenarios. For this purpose, a range of influential aspects related to CFRP, concrete, and steel, as well as impact energy, are investigated. Such a holistic assessment provides unique information to answer fundamental and practical questions regarding the use of CFRP for strengthening of CFST beams against impact loads. To further assist with the proper configuration of CFRP-strengthened CFST beams, a section analysis method is developed and validated as the outcome of this study.
Learned Search Parameters For Cooperating Vehicles using Gaussian Process Regressions

Unmanned vehicles are capable of working as teams to accomplish a wide variety of mission objectives, such as searching for and tracking targets. In this paper, vehicle search paths are dictated by a joint cost function which maximizes the reward earned from partitioned sections across the search area. In previous work, these rewards were assigned based on the elapsed time since the section had last been searched. This approach is effective in rewarding vehicles to search out areas which haven't been visited in a long time, yet it lacks the ability to weight grid cells differently based on the probability that targets will be in that section. This paper proposes a method of using accumulated knowledge of the average density of targets within an area, along with a Gaussian process regression to assign rewards. Vehicles then choose paths that are more likely to find targets rather than seeking areas which have not been searched recently. Through numerical simulations we show that this method increases the number of targets seen by cooperating UAVs and provides an accurate estimate of target density within a search area.
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) producing and oil degrading bacteria isolated from the northern Gulf of Mexico

Sinking marine oil snow was found to be a major mechanism in the transport of spilled oil from the surface to the deep sea following the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) oil spill. Marine snow formation is primarily facilitated by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are mainly composed of proteins and carbohydrates secreted by microorganisms. While numerous bacteria have been identified to degrade oil, there is a paucity of knowledge on bacteria that produce EPS in response to oil and Corexit exposure in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM). In this study, we isolated bacteria from surface water of the nGoM that grow on oil or Corexit dispersant. Among the 100 strains isolated, nine were identified to produce remarkable amounts of EPS. 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that six isolates (strains C1, C5, W10, W11, W14, W20) belong to the genus Alteromonas; the others were related to Thalassospira (C8), Aestuariibacter (C12), and Escherichia (W13a). The isolates preferably degraded alkanes (17-77%), over polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (0.90-23%). The EPS production was determined in the presence of a water accommodated fraction (WAF) of oil, a chemical enhanced WAF (CEWAF), Corexit, and control. The highest production of visible aggregates was found in Corexit followed by CEWAF, WAF, and control; indicating that Corexit generally enhanced EPS production. The addition of WAF and Corexit did not affect the carbohydrate content, but significantly increased the protein content of the EPS. On the average, WAF and CEWAF treatments had nine to ten times more proteins, and Corexit had five times higher than the control. Our results reveal that Alteromonas and Thalassospira, among the commonly reported bacteria following the DwH spill, produce protein rich EPS that could have crucial roles in oil degradation and marine snow formation. This study highlights the link between EPS production and bacterial oil-degrading capacity that should not be overlooked during spilled oil clearance.
Gender Representation and Strategies for Panel Diversity: Lessons from the APSA Annual Conference

Gender representation is a pervasive problem in political science. We draw on evidence from the 2017 and 2018 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting programs to discuss diversity and representation in large political science disciplinary conferences. APSA program divisions differ substantially in their gender representation: although some are representative of their organized section membership, others are not, and some sections are particularly likely to feature "manels." We present representation data by organization section, with discussions of what representation looks like and identifying different kinds of representation goals. We conclude by offering guidelines for increasing gender representation, both for future submitters and program chairs.
Tissue-Resident Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiate by Layered Ontogeny and In Situ Perinatal Priming

Summary The perinatal period is a critical window for distribution of innate tissue-resident immune cells within developing organs. Despite epidemiologic evidence implicating the early-life environment in the risk for allergy, temporally controlled lineage tracing of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) during this period remains unstudied. Using complementary fate-mapping approaches and reporters for ILC2 activation, we show that ILC2s appeared in multiple organs during late gestation like tissue macrophages, but, unlike the latter, a majority of peripheral ILC2 pools were generated de novo during the postnatal window. This period was accompanied by systemic ILC2 priming and acquisition of tissue-specific transcriptomes. Although perinatal ILC2s were variably replaced across tissues with age, the dramatic increases in tissue ILC2s following helminth infection were mediated through local expansion independent of de novo generation by bone marrow hematopoiesis. We provide comprehensive temporally controlled fate mapping of an innate lymphocyte subset with notable nuances as compared to tissue macrophage ontogeny.
An LSTM Framework For Modeling Network Traffic

Forecasting fine-grained network traffic is crucial for many network management and optimization tasks such as traffic engineering, anomaly detection, network accounting, network analytics, load balancing, and traffic matrix estimation. However, building models that are able to predict a wide-variety of network traffic types is not a trivial task due to a) the diversity of network traffic, and b) the computational challenges in processing large datasets to train the prediction models. In this paper, we present a network traffic prediction framework that uses real network traces from a Tier-1 ISP to train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network and generate predictions at short time scales (≤ 30 seconds). In order to reduce the number of models needed to capture the very diverse dynamics of the various traffic sources, we develop a feature-based clustering framework that acts as a preprocessing step in order to group similar time-series together and train a single model for each group. Our extensive experimental evaluation study shows that LSTMs can indeed be used to predict network traffic with low prediction errors.
Feline bacterial keratitis: Clinical features, bacterial isolates, and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

Objective To describe clinical characteristics, bacterial isolates, and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for cats with bacterial keratitis. Animals studied Eighty one cats with bacterial keratitis. Procedures Medical records of cats with a clinical diagnosis of bacterial keratitis, confirmed by corneal culture, were reviewed from June 2004 to July 2017. Animal signalment, bacterial isolates, aerobic bacteria in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test results, and pertinent clinical features were recorded. Percentages of susceptible aerobic bacterial isolates were statistically compared among selected antimicrobials. Results There were 102 aerobic bacterial isolates recovered from corneal samples of the 81 cats presented with bacterial keratitis. The most frequent bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus species, which constituted 55% (56/102) of total isolates. All aerobic bacterial isolates grouped together had the highest percentage of susceptibility to ofloxacin (100%), ciprofloxacin (94%), chloramphenicol (93%), doxycycline (92%), ticarcillin (90%), gentamicin (89%), moxifloxacin (89%), tobramycin (86%), neomycin (85%), amikacin (84%), and cefazolin (84%). The same isolates had the lowest percentage of susceptibility to polymyxin B (2%), bacitracin (15%), and clindamycin (31%). When analyzed separately, the isolated Staphylococcus species had the highest percentage of susceptibility to ofloxacin (100%), tobramycin (93%), and neomycin (85%) and the lowest percentage of susceptibility to polymyxin B (3%) and bacitracin (13%). Conclusions Members of the Staphylococcus genus were the most frequent bacteria isolated from cases of feline bacterial keratitis. On the basis of in vitro susceptibility testing and mechanism of action, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin, gentamicin, or moxifloxacin are recommended for initial antimicrobial therapy of suspected bacterial keratitis in cats.
p53 and Development: Shedding Light on an Evolutionary Enigma.

In this issue of Developmental Cell, Bowen et al. (2019) show that targeting p53 hyperactivity to distinct compartments in vivo results in diverse and cell-type-specific phenotypes. These findings validate a role for p53 in certain human developmental syndromes and provide potential insight into its evolutionary conservation.
Superior crack initiation and growth characteristics of cellulose nanopapers

In this work, tension and fracture behaviors of cellulose nanopaper (CNP) made from two different preparation approaches are comparatively studied. The CNP are prepared by casting (or C-CNP) and filtration (or F-CNP) of CNF suspension. The resulting CNP are mechanically characterized using the vision-based full-field optical method of Digital Image Correlation. Tension tests show that F-CNP has a higher strength and greater nonlinearity than the C-CNP. The crack initiation and growth characteristics of the two types of CNP are investigated using optical measurements. The data are analyzed under small-scale-yielding conditions to quantify the fracture parameters such as stress intensity factors and energy release rates at crack initiation as well as during crack growth. The results indicate that both C-CNP and F-CNP show significant crack growth resistance in the post-crack initiation regime. The F-CNP particularly offers substantial resistance to crack growth relative to the C-CNP demonstrating that filtration is the preferred method to make CNP with higher tensile strength and better fracture properties.
A new species of Triphleba Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae) from Kyrgyzstan with some other scuttle flies from the region

A new species of Triphleba Rondani is described and illustrated from Kyrgyzstan. We provide data on the sampling site, photos of the new species and brief differential diagnosis to separate from related species. Additionally, another ten species from Kyrgyzstan are reported and shortly discussed. All they are recorded for the first time for Kyrgyzstan and respectively Central Asia.
From preferences to policies? Considerations when incorporating empirical ethics findings into research policymaking

Interest in the use of medical data for health research is increasing. Yet, as Elizabeth Ford and colleagues rightly note, there are open questions about the suitability of existing ethical and regulatory oversight frameworks for these research approaches. In their feature article, ‘Should free text data in electronic medical records be shared for research? A citizen’s jury study in the United Kingdom’, Ford et al report the results of a deliberative engagement study in which 18 members of the public were asked whether and under what conditions free text data from medical records should be shared for research purposes. The authors’ explicit aim was to inform national policy on sharing medical text. Public attitudes—stated otherwise, the attitudes of patients whose medical information will ultimately be used under any data sharing policy—are a necessary input into ethical and regulatory decision-making about use of medical data for health research. Though public attitudes will rarely be determinative, they must be weighed in order to uphold the ethical principle of respect for persons.1 Ford et al ’s article is, therefore, an important contribution to …
Electrodialytic treatment of secondary mining resources for raw materials extraction: Reactor design assessment.

The sustainability of mining activities is compromised due to the high amounts of mining residues generated that have to be disposed of, often in open dams, that may cause environmental deterioration, e.g. release of toxic elements to water supplies. These residues are, however, secondary resources of raw materials. In the case of Panasqueira mine, they even are a source of tungsten, considered a critical raw material. The present work aims to assess the electrodialytic process efficiency for raw materials extraction from Panasqueira mine residues. Experiments were performed with 2 and 3-compartment electrodialytic reactors, applying current intensities between 50 and 100 mA, from 4 to 14 days, and sample suspensions enhanced with NaCl or effluent. Additionally, control experiments with no current application were carried out. The results showed that a 3-compartment reactor operating at 100 mA, with NaCl as supporting electrolyte, presented the highest extraction of copper (13%), tin (10%), tungsten (13%) and arsenic (63%).
Repositioning the Alpha Cell in Postprandial Metabolism.

Glucose homeostasis is maintained in large part due to the actions of the pancreatic islet hormones insulin and glucagon, secreted from β- and α-cells, respectively. The historical narrative positions these hormones in opposition, with insulin primarily responsible for glucose lowering and glucagon driving elevations in glucose. Recent progress in this area has revealed a more complex relationship between insulin and glucagon, highlighted by data demonstrating that α-cell input is essential for β-cell function and glucose homeostasis. Moreover, the common perception that glucagon levels decrease following a nutrient challenge is largely shaped by the inhibitory effects of glucose administration alone on the α-cell. Largely overlooked is that a mixed nutrient challenge, which is more representative of typical human feeding, actually stimulates glucagon secretion. Thus, postprandial metabolism is associated with elevations, not decreases, in α-cell activity. This review discusses the recent advances in our understanding of how α-cells regulate metabolism, with a particular focus on the postprandial state. We highlight α- to β-cell communication, a term that describes how α-cell input into β-cells is a critical axis that regulates insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Finally, we discuss the open questions that have the potential to advance this field and continue to evolve our understanding of the role that α-cells play in postprandial metabolism.
Police Officer Interactions with In-vehicle Technologies: An On-Road Investigation:

Police motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of officers’ fatalities in line of duty. These crashes have been attributed not only to driving at high speed in emergency situations but more impor...
Optimal Parallel Algorithms for Prefix Matching

The Prefix Matching Problem is to determine, for each location in the text t, the longest prefix of a given pattern p which occurs beginning at that location. We present two work-optimal parallel algorithms for this problem. The first algorithm works for the case when the characters in p and t are drawn from an alphabet set of size polynomial in m + n, where m = ¦p¦ and n = ¦t¦; it takes O(log m) time, O(m1+e+n1+e) space, and does O(m + n) work, for any e>0. The second algorithm works for unbounded alphabet sets and takes O(log2m(log log m)3) time, O(m + n) space, and does O(m + n) work. These are the first known work-optimal algorithms for this problem.
Amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules: a life cycle design case study

The life cycle design framework was applied to photovoltaic module design. Two metrics were used to assess life cycle energy performance of a PV module: energy payback time; and electricity production efficiency. These metrics are based on material production, manufacturing, and transportation energies, and were evaluated for several geographic locations. An aluminum frame was responsible for a significant fraction of the total energy invested in the studied module. Design options to reduce the energy impact of this and other components are discussed.
Control of ion channel expression for patch clamp recordings using an inducible expression system in mammalian cell lines

Background Many molecular studies of ion channel function rely on the ability to obtain high quality voltage clamp recordings using the patch clamp technique. For a variety of channel types studied in mammalian cell heterologous expression systems, the lack of experimenter control over expression levels severely hinders the ability to obtain a high percentage of cells with an expression level suitable for high quality recordings. Moreover, it has been nearly impossible to obtain expression levels in mammalian cells well suited for single channel recordings. We describe here the use of an inducible promoter system in a stably transfected mammalian cell line that produces nearly 100% success in obtaining ion channel expression levels suitable for either whole cell or single ion channel studies.
Targeted therapy for small cell lung cancer

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is very aggressive clinically, and current cytotoxic therapy has only a limited impact on survival. The development of targeted therapy for SCLC has lagged behind that of non-small cell lung cancer. Current drugs under investigation include those targeting the angiogenetic, apoptotic, sonic hedgehog, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Vaccines seem to be promising adjunctive therapies. This review will present the available data on these agents. Common genetic abnormalities seen in SCLC, which could serve as potential future targets are also discussed.
Combustion behavior in air of single particles from three different coal ranks and from sugarcane bagasse

Abstract Comparative combustion studies were performed on particles of pulverized coal samples from three different ranks: a high-volatile bituminous coal, a sub-bituminous coal, and two lignite coals. The study was augmented to include observations on burning pulverized woody biomass residues, in the form of sugarcane bagasse. Fuel particles, in the range of 75–90 μm, were injected in a bench-scale, transparent drop-tube furnace, electrically-heated to 1400 K, where they experienced high-heating rates, ignited and burned. The combustion of individual particles in air was observed with three-color pyrometry and high-speed high-resolution cinematography to obtain temperature–time–size histories. Based on combined observations from these techniques, in conjunction to morphological examinations of particles, a comprehensive understanding of the combustion behaviors of these fuels was developed. Observed differences among the coals have been striking. Upon pyrolysis, the bituminous coal chars experienced the phenomena of softening, melting, swelling and formation of large blowholes through which volatile matter escaped. Combustion of the volatile matter was sooty and very luminous with large co-tails forming in the wake of the particle trajectories. Only after the volatile matter flames extinguished, the char combustion commenced and was also very luminous. In contrast, upon pyrolysis, lignite coals became fragile and experienced extensive fragmentation, immediately followed by ignition of the char fragments (numbering in the order of 10–100, depending on the origin of the lignite coal) spread apart into a relatively large volume. As no separate volatile matter combustion period was evident, it is likely that volatiles burned on the surface of the chars. The combustion of the sub-bituminous coal was also different. Most particles experienced limited fragmentation, upon pyrolysis, to several char fragments, with or without the presence of brief and low-luminosity volatile flames; other particles did not fragment and directly proceeded to char combustion. Finally combustion of bagasse was once again very distinctive. Upon pyrolysis, long-lasting, low-luminosity, nearly-transparent spherical flames formed around slowly-settling devolatilizing particles. They were followed by bright, short-lived combustion of the chars. Both volatiles and chars experienced shrinking core mode of burning. For all fuels, flame and char temperature profiles were deduced from pyrometric data and burnout times were measured. Combustion rates were calculated from luminous carbon disappearance measurements, and were compared with predictions based on published kinetic expressions.
Preliminary structural evaluation and design of the HL-20

A lifting body concept, the HL-20, was designed at NASA Langley Research Center, and a structural analysis of the configuration with a cylindrical pressurized crew cabin was presented. Loads for the vehicle were assembled from mission loading conditions such as abort, on-orbit pressurization, blast overpressure, aerody- namic maneuver, and touchdown. The critical loading conditions were identified, and resultant loads were mapped onto the structure in order to review the effects of the mission loading conditions. The HL-20 structural concept was sized for the mission loads, and the resulting structural weights were calculated. N response to the personnel transport needs of the Space Station Freedom (SSF) and the need for assured manned access to space, candidate Personnel Launch System (PLS) concepts are currently under design and evaluation. The HL- 20, a PLS concept, has been under study at the NASA Langley Research Center for several years. This paper documents the structural design and analysis study of the reference structural concept for the HL-20. The structural analysis was performed using a finite element mod- eling and analysis method. The structural element sizing was performed with a fully stressed design sizing code plus satis- faction of overall buckling criteria. The structural concept is based on a cylindrical pressurized shell that serves as the crew compartment and the main structural load-bearing member. Analysis of a previous structural concept, featuring a pressure shell that conforms to the vehicle exterior shape, is docu- mented in Ref. 1. The present study includes a definition of the structural configuration and identification of the mission loading conditions. The configuration is analyzed for struc- tural integrity when subjected to the mission loading condi- tions. All structural elements are checked for failure due to the loading and are resized, where necessary, in order to obtain a safe structural configuration. The weight of the sized struc- tural configuration is calculated, including a 50% increase for non-optimum considerations, thereby obtaining an analyti- cally derived value as compared to the initial engineering estimate which was based on historical weight data and regres- sion analysis.