cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Medical Malpractice/Expert Testimony/Disclosure of Errors

1. Jonathan M. Fanaroff, MD, JD* 1. *Rainbow Center for Pediatric Ethics, Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio. After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. List common conditions involved in pediatric malpractice lawsuits. 2. Describe the four elements needed to prove medical negligence. 3. Understand the role of the expert witness in medical malpractice. 4. Discuss a general approach to disclosing medical errors. Nearly one in three pediatricians will be sued during their careers. Compared with other specialties, pediatrics ranks fourth in highest average indemnity, trailing only neurology, neurosurgery, and obstetrics/gynecology. For this reason, practicing clinicians must understand their rights, duties, and liabilities as physicians. Training programs are expected to educate residents on medicolegal issues. According to a recent survey, however, fewer than 50% of graduating pediatric residents received instruction on medical malpractice litigation, and fewer than 33% learned about expert witness testimony. (1) This article focuses on error disclosure, malpractice litigation, and the provision of expert testimony. Medical malpractice law arises from the broader legal area known as torts. A tort, which means “wrong” in French, is a “civil wrong in which a person has breached a legal duty with harm caused to another.” (2) Physicians are expected to adhere to a level of conduct. If their behavior is found to be substandard and a patient is harmed as a result, the physician can be sued for malpractice. The most common basis for a malpractice suit is an allegation of medical negligence. Pediatricians are sued most commonly for errors in diagnosis related to several conditions (Table 1). (3) View this table: Table 1. Common Conditions Involved in Malpractice Lawsuits To win a malpractice case for negligence, the plaintiff must prove four separate elements: duty, breach, causation, and damages. ### Duty Plaintiffs first must show that the physician …
Cementless PSI TKA: Optimizing efficiency

Abstract Early clinical results with Patient Specific Instrumentation and the NexGen or Persona Trabecular Metal total knee arthroplasty designs have been promising across a broad range of patient subsets in the author׳s practice. More than 800 patients have cementless fixation of NexGen or Persona Trabecular Metal tibial and patellar components, with one aseptic tibial component failure at two years postoperative, one infection at three years postoperative, and two intraoperative patellar fractures that were repaired and healed without sequelae. OR time has been reduced by 10–15minutes per case with this surgical technique. These clinical findings support published studies indicating that alignment accuracy improves with Patient Specific Instrumentation, and cementless fixation with tantalum porous metal-to-bone surface engagement is more stable than porous-coated or cemented implants. Successful application of these technologies may address malalignment and implant fixation issues that cause a high rate of failure in primary knee arthroplasty.
Liberation or Poverty? An Indirect Assessment of the Impact of Potential Future Events on Society

A methodology is proposed and tested which suggests that one can evaluate the potential impact of future decisions or events on various societal groupings (poor vs. rich; black vs. white) by correlating the values promoted by the event or decision with the values desired by the societal groupings. It is assumed that the correlation represents the potential value satisfaction of the event for the societal grouping. Nine judges were asked to rate the contributions of two events to 18 social values. The values of six societal income groupings from “Under $4,000” to “Over $15,000” (Rokeach & Parker, 1970) were correlated with the values judged to be promoted by the two events. One event suggested that U.S. monies be shifted from military spending to urban aid; as expected, the values promoted by this event were more highly correlated with those of lower income groups than with those of higher income groups. The second event suggested that women have equal opportunities in professional and managerial jobs; as expected, the values of higher income groups would be served more by this event than would the values of lower income groups. This study substantiates that the assessment methodology proposed is feasible, meaningful, and that raters make consensual and reliable judgments that discriminate the events as predicted. It was also found that the value-satisfaction index is correspondent with the public opinions of societal groupings toward events similar to those used in this study.
Pacemaker reuse: an initiative to help those in underserved nations in need of life-saving device therapy

Cardiac pacemakers have revolutionized the management of symptomatic bradyarrhythmia (slow heart rate) and are in part responsible for the dramatic reduction in morbidity and mortality from cardiov...
Psoriasis and the Risk of Depression in the US Population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2012

Importance Psoriasis is a risk factor for depression. Depression may also trigger or exacerbate psoriasis. The relationship between psoriasis and depression, however, remains to be fully explored. Objective To investigate the association between psoriasis and major depression in the US population. Design, Setting, and Participants Population-based study using participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 through 2012. Main Outcomes and Measures Diagnosis of major depression based on the Patient Health Questionnaire–9. Results We identified 351 (2.8%) cases of psoriasis and 968 (7.8%) cases of major depression among 12 382 US citizens included in our study. Fifty-eight (16.5%) patients with psoriasis met criteria for a diagnosis of major depression. The mean (SD) Patient Health Questionnaire–9 score was significantly higher among patients with a history of psoriasis than those without psoriasis (4.54 [5.7] vs 3.22 [4.3], P P P = .91; psoriasis and stroke: OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.12-3.66], P = .63). In adjusted multivariable models, the risk of major depression was not significantly different between patients with limited vs extensive psoriasis (OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.18-2.44], P = .53). Conclusions and Relevance Self-reported history of psoriasis was independently associated with major depression as assessed by a validated screening tool, even when controlling for comorbidities. History of cardiovascular event did not modify the risk of major depression for patients with psoriasis. The severity of psoriasis was unrelated to the risk of major depression. Therefore, all patients with psoriasis, regardless of severity, may be at risk for major depression.
Computation Of Some Zamolodchikov Volumes, With An Application

We compute the Zamolodchikov volumes of some moduli spaces of conformal field theories with target spaces K3, T4, and their symmetric products. As an application we argue that sequences of conformal field theories, built from products of such symmetric products, almost never have a holographic dual with weakly coupled gravity. August 6, 2015
Enhancements to the planar active handrest

The Planar Active Handrest (PAHR) is a large workspace assistive device that improves user precision manipulation. The PAHR is restricted in its use, because it does not rotate in the horizontal plane, which limits the workspace size and reduces user comfort. This paper evaluates an improved device, the Enhanced Planar Active Handrest (E-PAHR), which allows lateral/medial rotation of the upper arm. Under the E-PAHR design, the desired hand position can be obtained with redundant arm and device configurations. As such, we gave consideration to controller input choices and resultant device motions that are available. Three experiments evaluated the controller designs to select the most effective method to control our device. We conclude that a rotational DOF (degrees of freedom) allows the E-PAHR to better follow the kinematics of a user's planar arm movements while allowing skill level equal to the PAHR, with reduced user force input and lower perceived exertion.
Hyperfine Coupling Constants of the Azafullerenes C19N, C59N,C69N, and C75N

The isomers of the nitrogen-substituted fullerenes (azafullerenes) C19N, C59N, C69N, and C75N are examined using all-electron Gaussian atomic orbital basis density functional theory, to determine the doublet radical geometries and hyperfine coupling constants. We find that the inaccuracy of previously calculated hyperfine coupling constants of C59N resulted from a poor treatment of the geometry optimization. We find that UB3LYP minimization of the radical geometry in the 6-31G basis, followed by single-point evaluation of the hyperfine constants in which an expanded basis is used on the atomic sites of interest, forms an efficient compromise between computational cost and accuracy with respect to experimental hyperfine constants. Using this approach, we assign the hyperfine signals observed in experiments on the C69N radical by calculating the hyperfine coupling constants for all five of the isomers and examine the electron spin density distribution. Finally, we present predicted hyperfine coupling constants for the isomers of C19N and C75N for use in the interpretation of future experiments.
Capital and the Firm in Neo-Classical Theory

How does a social system maintain and reproduce itself? How are capitalist social relationships maintained and reproduced? Many neo-Classical models are inconsistent at various points with the requirements for the maintenance and reproduction of capitalist relationships.
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction With Concomitant Tibial Tubercle Transfer: A Systematic Review of Outcomes and Complications.

Purpose To examine the outcomes and complications of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction and concomitant tibial tubercle (TT) transfer. Methods A systematic review of published literature on MPFL reconstruction and TT transfer was performed using the following databases: PubMed/Medline, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane. To be included, studies were required to present outcomes and/or complication data for MPFL reconstruction performed in combination with TT transfer. Each study was assessed for quality and level of evidence. Results Five studies consisting of 92 knees met the inclusion criteria. Between 57% and 77% of the patients were female patients, and the mean age at surgery was 20.6 years (range, 19 to 31 years). The mean follow-up period was 38 months (range, 23 to 53 months). Postoperative outcome measures including the Lysholm score, Kujala score, International Knee Documentation Committee score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and visual analog scale score were similar to those previously reported for isolated MPFL reconstruction. Reported complication rates were lower than 15% and included wound infection, hardware irritation, and stiffness. Four studies were graded as Level IV evidence, and 1 study was graded as Level II evidence. Only 1 study scored greater than 50% in the quality analysis. Conclusions Results from the analyzed studies indicate that MPFL reconstruction combined with TT transfer is a safe and effective procedure, with a low to moderate risk of complications but overall favorable results. TT transfer is most often performed in conjunction with MPFL reconstruction in the setting of malalignment such as an increased TT–to–trochlear groove distance, and although the surgical indications may differ, the outcomes and risk profiles are similar to those of isolated MPFL reconstruction. With the recognition that these patients are difficult to standardize, additional well-designed studies are needed to further investigate the ideal surgical candidates for MPFL reconstruction with concomitant TT transfer. Level of Evidence Level IV, systematic review of Level II and IV studies.
Scale of inference: on the sensitivity of habitat models for wide-ranging marine predators to the resolution of environmental data

Understanding and predicting the responses of wide-ranging marine predators such as cetaceans, seabirds, sharks, turtles, pinnipeds and large migratory fish to dynamic oceanographic conditions requires habitat-based models that can sufficiently capture their environmental preferences. Marine ecosystems are inherently dynamic, and animal-environment interactions are known to occur over multiple, nested spatial and temporal scales. The spatial resolution and temporal averaging of environmental data layers are therefore key considerations in modelling the environmental determinants of habitat selection. The utility of environmental data contemporaneous to animal presence or movement (e.g. daily, weekly), versus synoptic products (monthly, seasonal, climatological) is currently debated, as are the trade-offs between near real-time, high resolution and composite (i.e. synoptic, cloud-free) data fields. Using movement simulations with built-in environmental preferences in combination with both modelled and remotely-sensed (ROMS, MODIS-Aqua) sea surface temperature (SST) fields, we explore the effects of spatial and temporal resolution (3-111 km, daily-climatological) in predictive habitat models. Results indicate that models fitted using seasonal or climatological data fields can introduce bias in presence-availability designs based upon animal movement datasets, particularly in highly dynamic oceanographic domains. These effects were pronounced where models were constructed using seasonal or climatological fields of coarse (> 0.25 degree) spatial resolution. However, cloud obstruction can lead to significant information loss in remotely-sensed data fields. We found that model accuracy decreased substantially above 70% data loss. In cloudy regions, weekly or monthly environmental data fields may therefore be preferable. These findings have important implications for marine resource management, particularly in identifying key habitats for populations of conservation concern, and in forecasting climate-mediated ecosystem changes. Ecography © 2016 Nordic Society Oikos.; ;
Few-body, hyperspherical treatment of the quantum Hall effect

The quantum Hall effect arises from the quantum behavior of two-dimensional, strongly-interacting electrons exposed to a strong, perpendicular magnetic field [1, 2]. Conventionally treated from a many-body perspective, we instead treat the system from the few-body perspective using collective coordinates and the hyperspherical adiabatic technique developed originally for atomic systems [3]. The grand angular momentum K from K -harmonic few-body theory, is shown to be an approximate good collective quantum number in this system, and is shown to correlate with known fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states at experimentally observed filling factors.
Recurrent stroke in a patient with vitamin B12 deficiency and MTHFR mutation.

We report an unusual case of recurrent stroke in a patient with vitamin B12 deficiency who was also homozygous for the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) gene mutation. The patient was a 35-year-old male vegetarian with no known medical history who initially presented with global aphasia, slurred speech, right facial weakness, and right-sided hemiplegia and was found to have a stroke (NIH Stroke Scale score of 25). At that time a CT scan of the head ruled out intracranial hemorrhage and a CT angiogram of the head and neck was done. The patient was found to have occlusion of the M1 segment of the left middle cerebral artery. Because he was within the time frame for thrombolytics, systemic thrombolysis with alteplase was given without improvement. He therefore underwent a cerebral angiogram that demonstrated occlusion of the M1 segment of the left middle cerebral artery and very poor leptomeningeal collaterals from the left anterior and posterior cerebral artery territories (figure 1). He underwent mechanical thrombectomy of the left middle cerebral artery thrombus with Penumbra aspiration device (Penumbra Inc., Alameda, CA) and SOLITAIRE stentriever (Covidien, Irvine, CA) with complete recanalization of the occluded segment (figure 2). He had a remarkable early recovery as the hemiplegia resolved. During the hospital course he was placed on a statin and low-dose aspirin and was later discharged to a rehabilitation unit for treatment of his right-sided hemiparesis and residual expressive aphasia. Workup for secondary stroke prevention, including telemetry and a transesophageal echocardiogram, was unremarkable.
One Dimensional Acoustic Reflection Data Inversion Based on Distorted Born Iterative Method

SUMMARY We report a distorted Born iterative method (DBIM) for the acoustic seismic inversion problem. The method makes use of a renormalization of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation (LSE) to a Volterra form that resolves the convergence issue with the causal forward Born series. It has potential advantages over other inverse methods. In contrast to the causal scattering series methods, the DBIM avoids expanding the velocity perturbation in terms of orders of the data. Compared with FWI, the DBIM has less dependence on an accurate starting velocity model, and has little possibility of encountering a local minimum. A 1-D numerical test shows that the DBIM can yield a good estimation of the velocity with only a few iterations.
Prospects for Lorentz Augmentation in Jovian Captures

*† ‡ The Lorentz force is evaluated as a source of propellantless propulsion for capture into a Jovian or bit. Charged bodies orbiting Jupiter can experience the greatest Lorentz force in the solar system because of Jupiter’s powerful magnetic field and its high spin rate. This case study is offered as a proof -of -concept introduction to this novel technology. We model Jupiter’s magnetosphere as an axis -aligned dipole and neglect perturbations such as planetary oblateness, third -body effects , and atmospheric drag. The charge is assumed to be constant in magnitude but of variable polarity, likely established by particle beams. Sample cases include a recreation of the Galileo mission’s capture and tours of the three innermost Jovian moons. The study reveals insight into the classes of captures available, the ideal approach conditions for a spacecraft, and the ana lytical subtleties of the problem. Simulations show that a charge -to -mass ratio of 0.075 C/kg is sufficient to capture from parabolic initial conditions in less than 1.5 years. We conclude that the Lorentz -propulsion concept can serve as a means of prope llantless orbit control for outer -planet missions.
Preparation of a Pesticide-Free Protein Concentrate from Pesticide Contaminated Poultry Meat

Abstract Protein concentrates which were free of detectable amounts of pesticide residues were made from poultry meats containing 1.51 ppm lindane and 10.30 ppm endrin, 5.6 ppm aldrin and 5.85 ppm DDT, and .68 ppm heptachlor and 6.25 ppm dieldrin using an isopropyl alcohol-hexane extraction procedure. These concentrates have good functional properties and can be used in emulsion-type meat products.
Immunoglobulin GM genes and IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Objective. To determine the role of GM and KM genes ..... frenetic markers of immunoglobulin y and K chains. respectively in humoral immunity to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma). Methods. A total of 137 Caucasian patients with SSc and 145 ethnically matched controls were genotyped for GM f/3, z/17, n+/23+, n-/23-, KM 1, and KM 3 alleles by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct DNA sequencing methods. IgG antibodies to HCMV were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. In SSc patients, GM f,z genotypes were strongly associated with the occurrence of anti-HCMV IgG antibodies. The frequency of the GM f homozygotes was lower (42.2 vs 62.2%; p = 0.02; OR = 0.4) and the frequency of the GM f,z heterozygotes was higher (51.1 vs 26.7%; p = 0.006; OR = 2.8) in SSc patients with IgG antibodies to HCMV than in subjects who lacked these antibodies. This association was not observed in the control group. KM and GM n genotypes were not significantly associated with the prevalence of these antibodies. Conclusion. GM f,z alleles or alleles in linkage disequilibrium with them influence the generation of IgG antibodies to HCMV in patients with SSc.
The Duke experience with the nucleus caudalis DREZ operation

The nucleus caudalis DREZ operation has been performed in three phases at Duke. Between 1982 and 1988 radiofrequency (RF) lesions were made in the trigeminal nucleus extending from the C2 root to the obex using a straight electrode. Complications include ipsilateral arm ataxia due to spinocerebellar tract injury and ipsilateral lower limb weakness from the pyramidal tract. The former occurred at least transiently in 90% of cases. The electrode employed from 1988 to 1989 had proximal insulation protecting the spinocerebellar tract. Since 1989 a ninety degree bend has been added to the electrode to allow better placement. Two electrodes are used to accommodate the shape of the caudalis nucleus. A total of 101 procedures have been performed. The newest electrodes were used in 46 procedures. Ataxia is recognized in 39%. Overall pain relief was excellent in 34% and good in 40%. In post herpetic neuralgia 71% enjoyed excellent or good relief. Indications include post herpetic neuralgia, deafferentation pain (anaesthesia dolorosa, post-tic dysesthesia, stroke, MS, gasserian tumour, Gamma Knife radiation injury), facial trauma/surgery, atypical facial pain, and migraine/cluster headache. A study to compare this operation to deep brain stimulation prospectively for the above indications has been initiated.
A practical reliability and maintainability data collection and processing software

To provide a means to insure effective implementation of reliability and maintainability (R&M) programs, using Visual Basic on Windows, a software program is developed that uses data on performance of the equipment and generates statistics on the reliability and maintainability of the machinery. The software is designed for the operators to enter the data, to be used by the design engineers and reliability engineers, to study the system's performance.
Biologic and clinical advances in multiple myeloma.

Recent advances in our understanding of the cellular and molecular derangements involved in multiple myeloma are beginning to be translated into novel therapeutic approaches. Growth factors, specifically interleukin-6,
Evidence of the Value of the Smoking Media Literacy Framework for Middle School Students.

BACKGROUND Susceptibility to future smoking, positive beliefs about smoking, and perceptions of antismoking norms are all factors that are associated with future smoking. In previous research, smoking media literacy (SML) has been associated with these variables, even when controlling for other known risk factors for smoking. However, these studies were performed with older teenagers, often in high school, not younger teens at a crucial developmental point with respect to the decision to begin smoking. METHODS This study uses survey data collected from 656 American public middle school students representing multiple zip codes, schools, and school districts. RESULTS Smoking media literacy levels for middle school students were similar to those of high school students in earlier studies. Higher SML levels were associated with lower susceptibility to future smoking and predicted susceptibility to smoke when controlling for other risk factors. This suggests that the same relationships found with teenagers may exist with middle school students. CONCLUSIONS Although follow-up studies using larger and more controlled administrations of the SML scale are warranted, this study suggests the utility of the SML framework and scale in the development and investigation of media literacy as a prevention strategy in students this age.
Partial Nephrectomy for a Massive Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction. Angiomyolipomas are the most common benign tumor of the kidney, associated with Tuberous Sclerosis in 20% of cases and arising sporadically in 80% of cases. Renal angiomyolipomas are neoplasms of mesenchymal origin with varying proportions of vasculature, smooth muscle spindle cells, and adipocytes, making management of such neoplasms a challenging endeavor. Possible management options include partial or radical nephrectomy and segmental renal artery embolization. Case Presentation. A 61-year-old woman admitted for a large retroperitoneal hemorrhage was discovered to have a giant, sporadic, 3818.3 g, 30.0 × 26.5 × 18.0 cm left perinephric angiomyolipoma. Given her hemodynamic instability upon presentation, she underwent segmental arterial embolization, followed by an open left partial nephrectomy. Ten-month follow-up revealed no noticeable loss of renal function. Discussion. Literature review revealed occasional renal angiomyolipomas of comparable size, with all angiomyolipomas larger than this requiring treatment with radical nephrectomy. Conclusion. We show that nephron-sparing surgery may be considered in the treatment of even the largest of renal angiomyolipomas.
Diagnostics for high-density implosions at Nova and the national ignition facility

The proposed National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a large (1.8 MJ on target at 0.35 {micro}m) multi-beam laser facility that will be used for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). ICF implosions at this facility will produce core plasma temperatures over 10 keV and densities over 100 g/cm{sup 3}. Properties of these plasmas can be measured by a variety of optical, x-ray, and nuclear diagnostic techniques such as those used at existing facilities like the Nova laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Some of these currently used techniques will be directly applicable to NIF; others require significant development. Damage of components close to the target will be a much greater issue at NIF, necessitating the development of distant detector techniques. To penetrate the larger targets, x-ray-based core diagnostics will need to utilize substantially higher energies than are in routine use today. Penetrating nuclear-particle-based diagnostics will be particularly well suited to these implosions, and the higher nuclear yields will allow new techniques to be developed. Some examples of diagnostics used for high-density-implosion experiments at Nova and corresponding development of new techniques for NIF are discussed.
A Case of Relapsed Variant Acute Promyelcytic Leukemia with t(11;17)(q23q21), PLZF/RARa Fusion Gene, with Durable Molecular Remission Following an Induction and Consolidation Regimen That Included ATRA with Low Dose G-CSF and Valproic Acid as a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor.

Abstract Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) accounts for 10% of acute myeloid leukemias. Greater than 95% of cases are associated with the t(15;17)(q22;q21) translocation with the PML-RARa fusion product which is associated with increased affinity for nuclear co-repressor protein complex and recruitment of histone deacetylase. This leads to an alteration in chromatin conformation and inhibition of transcription and differentiation in promyelocytes in the presence of physiologic levels of retinoic acid. Pharmacologic doses of retinoic acid however are usually required to overcome this repression of transcription and leads to promyelocyte differentiaton and improvement in clinical outcomes in classic APL. A variant translocation in APL, t(11;17) (q23;q21) where the 3′ end of the RARa gene is fused to the 5′ end of a gene called PLZF (promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger), accounts for about 1% of cases. This disease phenotype is associated with refractoriness to pharmacologic doses of retinoic acid. Case Report; 52 year-old male presented with fever and rapidly progressive leukocytosis. His HCT was 24%, WBC count was 75,000/mcl and platelet count was 109,000/mcl. He required endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation with leukapharesis on his second day of admission due to leukostasis. He had been diagnosed with APL variant with t(11;17) (q23;q21) two years prior to this admission and had induction with Ara-c + daunorubicin (7+3), with an additional cycle for consolidation. He was then placed on maintenance with 6-MP + MTX for 24 months. Bone marrow and peripheral blood analysis confirmed disease relapse. Flow cytometric analysis revealed immature myeloid population CD34−, CD15−, CD13+, CD56+, HLA-DR-, with partial expression of CD33. FISH analyses on peripheral blood was negative for t(15;17) and positive for the variant t(11;17)(q23q21). He was started on induction therapy with Idarubicin 12mg/m2/day for three consecutive days with ATRA 45mg/m2/day (via NGT) + G-CSF 5mcg/kg/day. His Day 21 bone marrow examination revealed complete hematologic response. Consolidation/ maintanance with sodium valproate 500mg po BID (to maintain serum levels of 50–100mcg/ml), ATRA 45mg/m2/day (via NGT) + G-CSF 5mcg/kg/day (with G-CSF dose reductions for leukocytosis with a final stable dose of 30mcg/day). He subsequently achieved a complete cytogenetic remission and relapsed after 18 months on this regimen. Conclusion: Induction of promyelocyte differentiation and reversal of retinoic acid refractoriness in variant APL with t(11;17) (q23;q21) can be achieved with G-CSF priming and the addition of valproic acid s a HDAC inhibitor.
Geolocated Twitter Panels to Study the Impact of Events

Data from Twitter have been employed in prior research to study the impact of events. Historically, researchers have relied on keyword-based samples of tweets to create a panel of Twitter users that mention event-related keywords during and/or after an event. There are limitations to the keyword-based panel approach. First, the technique suffers from selection bias since users who discuss an event are already more likely to discuss event-related topics beforehand; it is unclear whether observed impacts are merely driven by a set of users who are intrinsically more interested in events. Second, there are no viable groups for comparison to a keyword-based sample of tweeters. We propose an alternative sampling approach to studying response to events on Twitter that addresses the aforementioned two issues. We construct panels of users defined by their geolocation. These panels are exogenous to the keywords in users’ tweets, resulting in less selection bias than the keyword-based panel method. Geolocated Twitter panels allow us to follow within-person changes over time and also enable the creation of comparison groups. We evaluate our panel selection approach in two real-world settings: response to mass shootings and TV advertising. We illustrate how our approach limits selection bias introduced by the keyword-based approach, how discussion among the panel of users shifts before and after an event, and how geography can provide meaningful comparison groups regarding the impact of these events. We believe that we are the first to provide a clear empirical example of how a better panel selection design, based on an exogenous variable like geography, both reduces selection bias compared to the current state-of-the-art and increases the value of Twitter research for studying events.
“Still Finding the Ground:” A Self-Study of a First-Year Physical Education Teacher Educator

AbstractWhile decades of research have documented the socialization of inservice physical education teachers, the socialization of physical education faculty members has only recently become a research focus. Self-study of teacher education practices is becoming increasingly popular when exploring the lived experiences of physical education faculty. We used self-study of teacher education practices to understand the experiences of Kevin, a beginning physical education teacher educator in a visiting assistant professor position at Northern Illinois University. Kevin’s experiences differ from those of many other teacher educators as he had not taught in school settings before moving into higher education. He did, however, have a strong background in higher education pedagogy through work in a center for teaching and learning. Data were collected through journaling, documents and artifacts, and exit slips, feedback forms, and focus group interviews completed by Kevin’s students. Qualitative data analyses res...
Evaluierung der postoperativen Astigmatismuskorrektur und der postoperativen Rotationsstabilität zweier torischer Intraokularlinsen

Hintergrund Im Rahmen dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden 2 verschiedene torische Intraokularlinsen auf Rotationsstabilitat und das refraktive Ergebnis miteinander verglichen. Methoden Es handelt sich um eine Analyse von 41 Patientenaugen, die an der Augenabteilung im Krankenhaus Hietzing in den Jahren 2010 bis 2013 operiert wurden. Der korneale Astigmatismus lag uber 1,5 Dioptrien (dpt). Bei den implantierten Linsen handelte es sich um die Alcon AcrySof IQ Toric IOL und die Abbott Tecnis Toric Aspheric IOL. Die Ermittlung der Topografie und die Messung der Aberrationen erfolgten mit dem HOYA iTrace™. Die Visusbestimmung erfolgte mit ETDRS-Tafeln. Die gemessenen Abbildungsfehler des untersuchten Auges wurden mit Zernike-Koeffizienten dargestellt. Ergebnisse Die Rotation in der Alcon-Gruppe war 4,92 ± 4,10° (MW ± SD), in der Abbott-Gruppe 4,31 ± 4,59°. Es zeigte sich hierbei kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den beiden torischen Intraokularlinsen, die Rotationsstabilitat ist mit anderen Studien vergleichbar. Die refraktive Astigmatismuskorrektur wurde mittels einer Power-Vektoren-Analyse veranschaulicht und zeigte ahnliche Ergebnisse mit eindeutigem Erfolg der Astigmatismuskorrektur. Bei der Alcon IOL zeigte sich ein Restastigmatismus von 0,85 ± 0,48 dpt, bei der Abbott Tecnis IOL war er 1,09 ± 0,66. Der Unterschied ist nicht signifikant. Bei den Abbildungsfehlern (Strehl-Zahl) zeigte sich im Vergleich kein signifikanter Unterschied. Schlussfolgerung Die Implantation einer torischen Intraokularlinse ist mittlerweile bei regularem Astigmatismus ein sinnvolles Angebot, das dem Patienten nicht vorenthalten werden sollte. Es zeigte sich hierbei kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den beiden torischen Intraokularlinsen.
Species limits in the genus Thamnistes (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae): an evaluation based on vocalizations

The monotypic genus Thamnistes , consisting of the Russet Antshrike, T. anabatinus , is primarily a resident of foothills forests of the northern Andes and Middle America, extending to adjacent lowlands especially on the Pacific slope. Its vocalizations are somewhat poorly recorded as it is a participant in noisy mixed flocks of the lower canopy to the upper understory. In recent years, however, vocalizations of the Russet Antshrike have been recorded sufficiently to permit geographic analysis. Vocalizations supply valuable measures of species limits for antbirds because they are not learned. Our analysis revealed that the southernmost population was vocally distinct and is more appropriately considered a biological species: T. rufescens (Rufescent Antshrike). An additional population of the Russet Antshrike, T. a. aequatorialis, awaits further evaluation pending the acquisition of additional vocal recordings, morphological study, and genetic analysis.
Abstract P004: Cardiac Regeneration in Neonatal Mice Following Ischemic Injury

As a consequence of the adult mammalian heart9s limited regenerative capacity, ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. We have recently identified a brief window during post-natal development when the mammalian heart retains significant cardiac regenerative potential. Similar to adult zebrafish, the 1 day-old neonatal mouse heart is capable of complete cardiac regeneration following amputation of the entire ventricular apex. One major unresolved question is whether the neonatal mouse heart can also regenerate in response to myocardial ischemia. Here, we demonstrate that the neonatal mouse heart is also capable of undergoing a cardiac regenerative response to replace lost cardiomyocytes following myocardial ischemia. Following permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery of 1 day-old neonatal mice, we documented evidence of significant cardiac injury and myocyte death by histology and echocardiography at 1 and 4 days after LAD ligation (Ejection Fraction (MI vs. Sham) = 70.9±10.1% vs. 98.6±0.3%, P
Early Clinical Experience in a Year One Medical Neuroscience Course Enhances Students’ Performance

Students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their interaction with patients is known to be correlated with their performance in the clinical rotations. Whether such an experience is correlated with the academic performance in a year one neuroscience course is not clear. Year one medical students were allowed to interact in small groups with patients suffering from neurological diseases. The small group sessions were followed by a large group debriefing session to discuss their experience following the patient interaction. Students were administered two structured surveys, a pre-test and a post-test, to evaluate their pre-session expectations and post-session satisfaction with their interaction with patients. The post-test survey results were correlated by objective with formative and summative examination scores. There was a positive correlation between students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their interaction with patients and their performance on the formative examination (R2 = 0.315). The correlation was higher and significant (R2 = 0.774) between students’ interaction with patients and the summative examination. For students’ perception of the interaction with patients, questions on integration of the nervous system (OR = 3.449, p = 0.002), analytical and imaging modalities (OR = 1.513, p = 0.045), and abnormalities in the nervous system (OR = 2.117, p = 0.034) were significantly associated with students’ satisfaction of their interaction with patients. When a similar analysis was performed on the summative examination, five learning objectives revealed significant association: integrated functions of the nervous system (OR = 3.617, p = 0.005), structure of the nervous system (OR = 1.961, p = 0.021), analytical and imaging modalities (OR = 2.212, p = 0.031), orientation of anatomical features (OR = 1.512, p = 0.037), and abnormalities in the nervous system (OR = 2.413, p = 0.002). Interaction with patients with neurological diseases was positively correlated with the students’ academic performance.
Summary of expression of SPARC protein in cutaneous vascular neoplasms and mimickers

Abstract Background Serum protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein, which regulates cell proliferation and facilitates intracellular transport of albumin bound particles including chemotherapeutic agents such as Nab-paclitaxel/ABI-007. Therefore the presence of SPARC may achieve higher intra-tumoral drug concentration with lower dosage and thus reduce systemic side-effects. Several trials of ABI-007, in melanoma, show promising clinical activity. Design Fifty-four cases of dermal based neoplasms were retrieved including 24 angiosarcomas (AS), 10 hemangiomas, 9 nodular melanomas, 4 Kaposi sarcomas (KS), 3 leiomyosarcomas (LMS), 3 atypical fibroxanthomas (AFX) and 1 spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC). SPARC immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed with a mouse monoclonal antibody. Results SPARC expression was detected in a majority of AS (17/24), melanomas (8/9), AFX (3/3), LMS (3/3) and KS (4/4) with some expression in hemangiomas (3/10), while being negative in SSCC (0/1); and was significantly associated with tumor group (p = 0.017). Although a significant difference in overall survival was observed between SPARC expression groups (positive vs. negative) for all patients, there was no significant difference noted among angiosarcoma patients. Conclusion We have confirmed the presence of SPARC expression in melanoma, KS, LMS and AS and also detected it for the first time in AFX. Since paclitaxel has shown some effectiveness in AS, melanoma and KS, ABI-007 could also be beneficial in these patients.
Not Just for Customers Anymore: Organization Facebook, Employee Social Capital, and Organizational Identification:

This study examined links between employee interaction with their organization’s official Facebook page, social capital, and employee identification with the organization. Results indicate employee...
Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Adult Vasculogenesis

Postnatal neovascularization (NV) has previously been considered synonymous with proliferation and migration of pre-existing, fully differentiated endothelial cells resident within parent vessels. The finding that circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may home to sites of NV and differentiate in situ is consistent with vasculogenesis, a critical paradigm for the establishment of vascular networks in the embryo. While the percent contributions of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis to postnatal NV remain to be clarified, our observations in the eye, together with recent reports from other investigators in other tissues and pathologies, support that growth and development of new blood vessels in the adult are not restricted to angiogenesis but encompass both embryonic and adult mechanisms. As a corollary, augmented or retarded NV, whether endogenous or iatrogenic, likely includes enhancement or impairment of vasculogenesis. In this chapter, the molecular and cellular factors that play a role in EPC involvement in NV are discussed.
NG, NG-Dimethylarginine in myosin during muscle development

Abstract NG, N G - Dimethylarginine ( unsym - DMA ) has now been found to be present in myosin prepared from developing leg muscle. Neither monomethylarginine nor sym - DMA (NG N ′ G - dimethylarginine ) could be detected in our preparations. Cultured muscle cell myosin contains up to four residues of this amino acid per 5 × 105 grams of protein. Myosins from leg muscle of chick embryos and neonatal rats contained less than two residues of unsym - DMA , while none was detected in adult chicken or rat myosins. Cardiac myosins from developing as well as mature animals lacked or contained very little unsym - DMA . Actin was devoid of this amino acid.
Activation of renal afferent pathways following furosemide treatment. I. Effects Of survival time and renal denervation.

Three experiments were performed to determine whether renal afferent pathways were activated by the diuretic drug, furosemide. It was hypothesized that activated neurons of the renal afferent pathway would express the protein product Fos of the c-fos immediate early gene and be identified by immunocytochemical staining for Fos in the cell nucleus. In the first two experiments, rats were injected with either furosemide (5 mg) or vehicle solution (sterile isotonic saline) and sacrificed either 1.75 h (short-survival experiment) or 3.5 h (long-survival experiment) after injection. In both experiments, the furosemide-treated rats had significantly more Fos-positive cell nuclei than vehicle-treated rats in the subfornical organ (SFO), organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), supraoptic nuclei (SON), and magnocellular region of the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) — areas previously shown to be activated by hypovolemia or peripheral angiotensin. In the short-survival experiment, the furosemide-treated rats had more Fos-positive cell nuclei in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord at spinal levels T11, T12, and T13. In contrast, furosemide treatment did not produce more Fos-positive cell nuclei in the NTS and dorsal horn of the spinal cord in the long-survival experiment. These results suggest that the activation of the SFO, OVLT, SON and PVN may be via a different mechanism than that of NTS or spinal cord dorsal horn. Based upon our previous work, we hypothesized that the NTS and spinal cord dorsal horn labeling was due to activation of sympathetic afferents originating in the kidney and labeling in forebrain structures was due to stimulation by angiotensin generated by renal renin release. To test this hypothesis, a third experiment was devised that was identical to the short-survival experiment, except that all rats had bilateral renal denervation surgery 1 week previously. In this experiment, furosemide administration increased the number of Fos-positive cells in the SFO, OVLT, SON and PVN, but not in the caudal thoracic spinal cord or NTS. These results together with the results of first two experiments lend support to our hypothesis that furosemide-induced neuronal activation in the thoracic spinal cord and NTS is due to activation of second- and/or third-order neurons of a renal sympathetic afferent pathway. Furosemide-induced activation in the SFO, OVLT, SON and PVN does not depend on renal innervation. It is hypothesized that activation in these forebrain regions depends on the action of angiotensin II that is generated after furosemide treatment. Our results indicate that both a hormonal pathway and a renal sympathetic afferent pathway conduct information from the kidney to the central nervous system (CNS) after furosemide treatment.
I MMIGRANT DIVERSITY AND SOCIAL SECURITY: RECENT PATTERNS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Immigration is transforming the U.S. labor force with important consequences for Social Security’s adequacy and finances. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation matched to rich administrative data on lifetime earnings and benefit receipt, we measure the extent to which non-natives’ lifetime earning patterns, payroll taxes paid, benefits received, and total incomes differ from those for the U.S.- born population. We consider other outcomes important to retirement security, like health status, marital status, and financial wealth. We also compare various immigrant groups with one another. Our findings stress heterogeneity in labor force and Social Security experiences among immigrants.
New Peritoneal Dialysate Solutions and Intraperitoneal Therapies

Circulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity provides access to the systemic vasculature for the purposes of removing undesired substances and introducing beneficial substances. Utilization of this concept in peritoneal dialysis allows removal of metabolic wastes and excess fluid while supporting acid-base balance and desirable levels of calcium. Even more creative applications of this concept allow introduction of antibiotics, hormones and chemotherapeutic agents. This chapter explores new dialytic solutions and intraperitoneal therapies.
Fourteen serotypes of ureaplasma urealyticum (T-mycoplasmas) demonstrated by the complement-dependent mycoplasmacidal test.

Previously, we found that strains ofUreaplasma urealyticum could be divided into 11 serotypes using the mycoplasmacidal (MC) method for serotyping. Subsequent study has shown that two pairs of these strains were sufficiently closely related to cause us to revise the typing scheme into nine distinct serotypes. Other investigators, using different methods to detect serotypic diversity, have found eight serotypes. We have now compared our nine strains with the eight prototype strains developed byFord andBlack, and we have used reciprocal MC titers of antisera for the comparison. Three pairs of strains from our group and the group prepared byFord andBlack were found to be serologically closely related or identical, leaving six serotypes in our series and five in the other series that were serologically unique. Thus 14 serotypes ofU. urealyticum have been identified in these studies, and a 15th strain that is apparently serologically distinct from the others, has recently been described in Vancouver.