cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Salinity effects on the degree of hydrophobicity and longevity for superhydrophobic fibrous coatings

Previous studies on submerged superhydrophobic surfaces focused on performance variables such as drag reduction and longevity. However, to use such surfaces for practical applications, environmental factors such as water salinity must be investigated and understood. In this work, experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) concentrations in aqueous solutions on the hydrophobicity and longevity of polystyrene (PS) fibrous coatings. Rheological studies using salt water as a test fluid were performed to determine the effect of salt concentration on drag reduction. Contact-angle measurements were used to validate the results from the rheometer. In situ noninvasive optical reflection was used to measure the longevity of the coating—time-dependent loss of entrapped air within the coating—as a function of salinity. The superhydrophobic coating used herein consisted of PS fibers that were deposited using DC-biased AC-electrospinning. Electrospinning is scalable and far less expensive than conventional methods (e.g., microfabrication), bringing the technology closer to large-scale submerged bodies such as submarines and ships. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
An Analysis of the Benefits of Technology Implementation in the Healthcare Industry

The healthcare industry has been slow to implement or upgrade healthcare information technology (HIT) due to perceived barriers, which include prohibitive cost and lack of benefits derived. Most of the research studies that have reported successful implementation of HIT have been limited to a few large hospitals or integrated groups. At a time when information technology (IT) is of increasing importance, IT decisions can be enhanced with a better understanding of the benefits provided. This paper summarizes case data from healthcare providers of diverse size and function and provides testimony to the quantitative and qualitative benefits they have received from investment in HIT.
Modeling and Optimal Device Design for 4H-SiC Super-Junction Devices

In this paper, a new and easy-to-implement analytical model is developed for the breakdown voltage and on-resistance of 4H-SiC superjunction devices. By considering the 2-D charge compensation effects, electric field distribution along the critical path has been modeled, and the device breakdown voltage has been calculated. Charge imbalance effects have also been accounted for. Results from the model have been validated by extensive numerical simulation for a large variety of device dimensions and doping concentrations. The proposed model is simple yet accurate for a relatively complicated and challenging structure. Through a device design example with a given set of constraints, it has been demonstrated that the proposed model can quickly provide an optimum structure for what might take weeks through numerical simulation. It can therefore provide useful guidelines for future developments of superjunction devices on 4H-SiC.
Plasma focus discharge on mercury

On January 14, 2008 the NASA space probe Messenger came within 200-km of Mercury, photographing a plasma focus discharge penumbra etched into the surface. The pattern recorded is identical to that etched on steel plates in experimental discharges: 112-rays from a discharge channel terminating at and producing a thick torus, here 40 km wide. The rays emanate from the 2-3 GA termination as shown in the bottom figure, the etched lines differing from radial overlay lines only by surface conductivity irregularities. Previously, we reported the observation of a surface-traveling, infrared-radiating, plasma focus penumbra on the Jovian satellite Io whose effluent concentrated into filaments whose terminus was a narrow, well-defined, concentric annulus
Atypical Odontalgia: A Review of the Literature

Objective.—To review previous reports of cases of atypical odontalgia to examine its epidemiological and clinical characteristics and to explore the etiology and pathophysiology of the disease. Background.—Atypical odontalgia is one of many painful conditions that affect the oral cavity and is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis. Methods.—A search of the literature was performed for all cases of atypical odontalgia reported from 1966 to the present. Results.—The typical clinical presentation of atypical odontalgia that has been reported involves pain in a tooth in the absence of any sign of pathology; the pain may spread to areas of the face, neck, and shoulder. The existing literature suggests that this condition occurs in 3% to 6% of the patients who undergo endodontic treatment, with high female preponderance and a concentration of cases in the fourth decade of life. Deafferentation seems to be the most likely mechanism to initiate the pain, but psychological factors, alteration of neural mechanisms, and even an idiopathic mechanism have been implicated. Not all reported cases were preceded by trauma to the teeth or gums. The treatment of choice is a tricyclic antidepressant, alone or in combination with a phenothiazine. The outcome is usually fair, with many patients obtaining complete relief from pain. Especially in the absence of overt pathology, particular attention should be paid to avoiding any unnecessary and potentially dangerous dental intervention on the teeth. Conclusion.—Atypical odontalgia is surprisingly common, of uncertain origin, and potentially treatable.
Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Philippine ferns. I. The identity of Asplenium anisodontum C.Presl (Aspleniaceae)

The synonymy of Asplenium unisodontum C.Presl (Aspleniaceae) in the Philippines is clarified. Asplenium anisodontum C.Presl. A. longissimum Blume and A. caudatum G.Forst. are different species. A. anisodontum C.Presl and A. longissimum Blume are both found in the Philippines. The presence of Asplenium cuudatum G.Forst. in the Philippines is doubtful. Asplenium acutiusculum Blume is the same as A. longissimum Blume and the latter name should be accepted.
Regularized ROC method for disease classification and biomarker selection with microarray data

Motivation: An important application of microarrays is to discover genomic biomarkers, among tens of thousands of genes assayed, for disease classification. Thus there is a need for developing statistical methods that can efficiently use such high-throughput genomic data, select biomarkers with discriminant power and construct classification rules. The ROC (receiver operator characteristic) technique has been widely used in disease classification with low-dimensional biomarkers because (1) it does not assume a parametric form of the class probability as required for example in the logistic regression method; (2) it accommodates case--control designs and (3) it allows treating false positives and false negatives differently. However, due to computational difficulties, the ROC-based classification has not been used with microarray data. Moreover, the standard ROC technique does not incorporate built-in biomarker selection. Results: We propose a novel method for biomarker selection and classification using the ROC technique for microarray data. The proposed method uses a sigmoid approximation to the area under the ROC curve as the objective function for classification and the threshold gradient descent regularization method for estimation and biomarker selection. Tuning parameter selection based on the V-fold cross validation and predictive performance evaluation are also investigated. The proposed approach is demonstrated with a simulation study, the Colon data and the Estrogen data. The proposed approach yields parsimonious models with excellent classification performance. Availability: R code is available upon request. Contact: jian@stat.uiowa.edu
Ecological Assessment A Collaborative Approach to Planning Instructional Interventions

Outlines advantages of an ecological approach to developing instructional intervention, including the benefits resulting from the ongoing dialogue of a variety of professionals using a wide range o...
MINIMAX KERNELS FOR DENSITY ESTIMATION WITH BIASED DATA

This paper considers the asymptotic properties of two kernel es- timates f,~ and fn, which have been proposed by Bhattacharyya et al. (1988, Comm. Statist. Theory Methods, A17, 3629-3644) and Jones (1991, Biometrika, 78, 511-519), respectively, for estimating the underlying density f at a point under a general selection biased model. The asymptotic optimal- ity of f, and f, is measured by the corresponding asymptotic minimax mean squared errors under a compactly supported Lipschitz continuous family of the underlying densities. It is shown that, in general, f,~ is a superior local estimate than f,~ in the sense that the asymptotic minimax risk of f, is lower than that of f,~. The minimax kernels and bandwidths of fn are computed explicitly and shown to have simple forms and depend on the weight functions of the model.
A phase I study of the addition of high-dose lenalidomide to melphalan conditioning for autologous stem-cell transplant in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

number of patients and longer follow-up are needed to confirm these results and to evaluate the long-term outcome.
Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among uropathogens in south Mumbai and its antibiogram pattern

β-lactams are the most widely used group of antimicrobials. However, increasing resistance to these valuable drugs in uropathogens, mediated principally by β-lactamases, has become a major concern. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producers in clinical isolates of urine specimens, collected from various healthcare centres across south Mumbai. A total of 195 gram negative urine isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13), Proteus mirabilis (21), Klebsiella pneumoniae (29), Escherichia coli (96), Enterobacter aerogenes (1), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Enterococcus fecalis (1), Morganella morganii (1), Citrobacter diversus (16), Citrobacter amalonaticus (5) and Proteus vulgaris (11). Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) by Kirby-Bauer method showed 43.07 % (84/195) of the isolates were resistant to more than 70 % of the antibiotics used. Confirmatory screening using a combination of Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST), Phenotypic Confirmatory Disc Diffusion Test (PCDDT) and E-test revealed the overall prevalence of ESBL producers to be 34.71 % (68/195). The study showed 72.05 % of the ESBL producers to be resistant to fluoroquinolones, highlighting its extensive use in the region of south Mumbai. All ESBL producers were found to be sensitive to Imipenem whereas 82.36 % showed susceptibility to Amikacin making these 2 antibiotics the most effective choice of drug against ESBLs. In order to ensure rational treatment of highly resistant pathogens, the occurrence of ESBL and its primary studies may serve as a base for further research and findings.
How Development Restrictions Influence Housing Values: An Intermetropolitan Analysis of Market and Regulatory Factors

This paper analyzes the influence of development restrictions on house price appreciation from 1982 to 1991 in 52 U.S. metropolitan areas. The geometric mean of Haurin, Hendershot, and Kim's (1991) housing price indices is used as an indicator of the rate of change in housing prices. A model of market determinants is compared to a model that includes regulatory measures. The latter cross-sectional model adds significantly to the explained variation in housing price appreciation. The results suggest that development restrictions increase housing price appreciation in these metropolitan areas.
microRNAs Regulate Host Immune Response and Pathogenesis During Influenza Infection in Rhesus Macaques

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are key regulators of biological processes, including the immune response to viral infections. Differential expression levels of cellular miRNAs and their predicted targets have been described in the lungs of H1N1-infected BALB/c mice, the lungs of H5N1 influenza-infected cynomolgus macaques, and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of critically ill patients infected with 2009 pandemic H1N1. However, a longitudinal analysis of changes in the expression of miRNAs and their targets during influenza infection and how they relate to viral replication and host response has yet to be carried out. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the expression of several miRNAs and their validated targets in both peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) collected from rhesus macaques over the course of infection with the 2009 H1N1 virus A/Mexico/4108/2009 (MEX4108). We describe a distinct set of differentially expressed miRNAs in BAL and PBMCs, which regulate the expression of genes involved in inflammation, immune response, and regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis.
THE EVOLUTION OF DEVELOPMENT IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER SELECTED FOR POSTPONED SENESCENCE.

The role of development in the evolution of postponed senescence is poorly understood despite the existence of a major gerontological theory connecting developmental rate to aging. We investigate the role of developmental rate in the laboratory evolution of aging using 24 distinct populations of Drosophila melanogaster. We have found a significant difference between the larval developmental rates of our Drosophila stocks selected for early (B) and late-life (O) fertility. This larval developmental time difference of approximately 12% (O > B) has been stable for at least 5 yr, occurs under a wide variety of rearing conditions, responds to reverse selection, and is shown for two other O-like selection treatments. Emerging adults from lines with different larval developmental rates show no significant differences in weight at emergence, thorax length, or starvation resistance. Long-developing lines (O, CO, and CB) have greater survivorship from egg to pupa and from pupa to adult, with and without strong larval competition. Crosses between slower developing populations, and a variety of other lines of evidence, indicate that neither mutation accumulation nor inbreeding depression are responsible for the extended development of our late-reproduced selection treatments. These results stand in striking contrast to other recent studies. We argue that inbreeding depression and inadvertent direct selection in other laboratories' culture regimes explain their results. We demonstrate antagonistic pleiotropy between developmental rate and preadult viability. The absence of any correlation between longevity and developmental time in our stocks refutes the developmental theory of aging.
A Comparison of Two Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitors, the Del Mar Avionics Pressurometer IV and the Spacelabs 90202

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of two noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitors, the new Del Mar Avionics Pressurometer IV (PIV) and the second generation Spacelabs 90202. Two sets of comparisons were made between two trained observers and the monitors on 17 normotensive and 28 hypertensive subjects. The result of the first comparison showed that the average difference between observers and the PIV was 1.2/-2.2 mm Hg for systolic and diastolic BP. Comparisons of both monitors to the observers showed differences of 0.9/1.0 mm Hg for the PIV and 0.3/0.8 mm Hg for the 90202 (systolic/diastolic). Correlations between the average observer reading and the monitors over both sets of comparisons ranged from 0.90 (diastolic 90202 vs observer) to 0.98 (systolic PIV vs observer). The percentage of readings within 5 mm Hg between observer and monitor over all comparisons ranged from a low of 68% (90202, systolic and diastolic) to a high of 83% (PIV, diastolic). In general, both devices are satisfactory and reliable machines for ambulatory BP monitoring, but each has a slightly different bias compared to auscultatory readings.
The use of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor for choroidal neovascularization complicating posterior uveitis in eyes with fluocinolone acetonide implants.

Purpose: To present a series of eyes with multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MFC) treated with fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implants. All eyes developed recurrent choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab. Methods: Retrospective chart review. Data collected included demographics, details of previous immunosuppressive therapy, preinjection Snellen visual acuity, and central macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography, total injections administered, and postinjection central macular thickness and visual acuity. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 25 months from the first fluocinolone acetonide implant. Duration from implantation to first injection and complications, including development of cataracts, glaucoma, and recurrent inflammation, were followed. Patients: Three patients treated for MFC at the Casey Eye Institute, a tertiary care referral center at Oregon Health & Science University, from 2005–2008 were studied. All three received fluocinolone acetonide implants and later underwent intravitreal anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for CNV. Results: Preinjection visual acuity in 3 patients was 1.2, 0.54, and 0.48 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (mean 0.74). Postinjection visual acuity in 3 patients was 1.0, 0.40, and 0.0 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (mean 0.47). Preinjection central macular thicknesses were 855 μm, 215 μm, and 276 μm (mean 449 μm). Postinjection central macular thicknesses were 220 μm, 190 μm, and 223 μm (mean 211 μm). Anti-VEGF injections did not reactivate inflammation. Advancing cataracts contributed to worsening visual acuity postinjection. The total number of anti-VEGF injections until resolution of intraretinal and subretinal fluid associated with CNV was 6 injections for case 1, 1 for case 2, and 8 for case 3 (mean 5, range 1–8). Conclusion: Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy was successful in treating recurrent CNV in MFC patients with well-controlled inflammation after insertion of fluocinolone acetonide implants. Anti-VEGF therapy should be considered in treating active CNV in eyes with MFC and quiescent inflammatory disease.
The Laboratorial Diagnosis and Analysis of the First Case of Human Infection with Avian Influenza H7N9 Virus in Zhengzhou

Objective:To analyze the first case of human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus in Zhengzhou, and to improve the emergency detection ability of laboratory.Method: The respiratory specimen(nasal and throat swab) from the patient in Guancheng district of Zhengzhou city was collected, the influenza virus RNA was extracted. The virus RNA was applied by utilizing the technique of real-time reverse transcript PCR(Real-time RT-PCR) with universal primer/probe sets for influenza A and B virus, specific primer/probe sets for seasonal influenza virus(including H3N2 subtype, H1N1 subtype and H1N1pdm), specific primer/probe sets for H5N1 virus and H7N9 virus, respectively.Result: The results of the Real-time RT-PCR showed that the primer/probe sets for influenza A and H7N9 were positive, and for other primer/probe sets were negative. Conclusion:These results are checked by Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, which confirm this is the first case of human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus in Zhengzhou.
A Review on Charge Carriers Transport Materials Used in Organometal Halide Perovskite-based Solar Cells

The organometal halide perovskite-based solar cells have attracted considerable attention as a promising highly efficient device because of its suitable band gap and great charge carrier diffusion length.Besides the high PCE,organo-metal halide perovskite does not contain noble elements and can be fabricated by solution process or physical vapor deposition at a low temperature,which affords the potential cost-effective products.However,the most widely used electron transport material to date in organometal halide perovskite-based solar cells,i.e.TiO2,need to be annealed at 400-500 ℃ to achieve sufficient electron conductivity.The hole transport material spiroOMeTAD is very expensive due to its complex fabrication process.Herein,charge carrier materials used in organometal halide perovskite-based solar cells are surveyed.With the aim to optimize the cell structure,improve the PCE,decrease the cost,and adapt to flexible substrate and low-temperature fabrication processes,substantial research has been focused on developing stable low-cost charge carrier transport materials with suitable band gap,high charge-carrier mobility and conductivity.Modified TiO2,TiO2/graphene composite,ZnO,graphene and PCBM are selected to replace conventional TiO2 as the electron transport materials to adapt with the flexible substrates and the low-temperature solution processes.For the hole transport materials,new easily fabricated,less expensive organic p-type semiconductors with high hole mobility and conductivity are developed to replace spiro-OMeTAD and achieve high PCE.Inorganic p-type semiconductors exhibiting high hole mobility,long-term stability and low cost are employed to eliminate the aging issue of organic hole transport materials and contribute to the durability of the cells.The organometal halide perovskites themselves exhibit high hole conductivity and could serve as both absorber and hole transport material to fabricate hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells with good stability and low cost.
Omalizumab: a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody.

Objectives To describe allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis pathophysiology and review the pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, efficacy, and safety data for omalizumab. Methods MEDLINE, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and EMBASE Drugs & Pharmacology were searched using olizumab, omalizumab, E25, rhuMAb-E25, and anti-IgE. Combinations of rhinitis, asthma, and IgE captured information on disease pathophysiology. Results Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the high-affinity receptor binding site on human immunoglobulin (Ig)E. Bound IgE is not available for basophil binding, degranulation is attenuated, and allergic symptoms are reduced. In asthma trials, omalizumab reduced inhaled corticosteroid and rescue medication requirements and improved asthma control and asthma quality of life in moderate to severe allergic asthmatics with disease poorly controlled by inhaled corticosteroids. In trials of patients with poorly controlled moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), omalizumab reduced the severity of exacerbations and rescue medication use, and improved rhinitis-related quality of life. Benefits were also observed in trials utilizing combinations of immunotherapy and omalizumab for SAR and in trials of perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). Omalizumab has been well tolerated. Although malignant neoplasms have been observed in treated patients, they were likely not related to omalizumab therapy. Conclusions Omalizumab has demonstrated efficacy in children, adults, and adolescents with uncontrolled moderate to severe allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Long-term safety beyond 52 weeks needs continued evaluation.
Independent component analysis applications on THz sensing and imaging

We report Independent Component Analysis (ICA) technique applied to THz spectroscopy and imaging to achieve a blind source separation. A reference water vapor absorption spectrum was extracted via ICA, then ICA was utilized on a THz spectroscopic image in order to clean the absorption of water molecules from each pixel. For this purpose, silica gel was chosen as the material of interest for its strong water absorption. The resulting image clearly showed that ICA effectively removed the water content in the detected signal allowing us to image the silica gel beads distinctively even though it was totally embedded in water before ICA was applied.
Bone Disease in Renal Transplantation

The risk of suffering a bone fracture increases following kidney transplantation. This elevated risk continues for the life of the transplant,1 only increasing with time.2 By 5 years post-transplant up to 50% of patients experience at least one fracture. Reported fracture incidences in transplant recipients range anywhere from 5% to greater than 60%.1,2 This wide range of reported fracture rates is a consequence of the varied methodology used in obtaining these data. Whether determining fracture rates by questionnaire or patient encounter notes or looking for radiographic evidence dramatically affects the result.
MIR-biospectroscopy coupled with chemometrics in cancer studies

This review focuses on chemometric techniques applied in MIR-biospectroscopy for cancer diagnosis and analysis over the last ten years of research. Experimental applications of chemometrics coupled with biospectroscopy are discussed throughout this work. The advantages and drawbacks of this association are also highlighted. Chemometric algorithms are evidenced as a powerful tool for cancer diagnosis, classification, and in different matrices. In fact, it is shown how chemometrics can be implemented along all different types of cancer analyses.
Estradiol Exposure Differentially Alters Monolayer versus Microtissue MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cultures

The development of three-dimensional (3D) cultures is increasing, as they are able to provide the utility of in vitro models and the strength of testing in physiologically relevant systems. When cultured in a scaffold-free agarose hydrogel system, MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells organize and develop into microtissues that contain a luminal space, in stark contrast to the flat morphology of MCF-7 two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures. Following exposure to 1nM E2, expression of typical estrogen-responsive genes, including progesterone receptor (PGR), PDZ containing domain 1 (PDZK1) and amphiregulin (AREG) is increased in both 2D and 3D cultures. When examining expression of other genes, particularly those involved in cell adhesion, there were large changes in 3D MCF-7 microtissues, with little to no change observed in the MCF-7 monolayer cultures. Together, these results indicate that while the initial estrogen-regulated transcriptional targets respond similarly in 2D and 3D cultures, there are large differences in activation of other pathways related to cell-cell interactions.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Observations of Experienced Teachers

Assigning pre-service teachers to observe experienced teachers is a common practice in teacher preparation programs. The purpose of this study was to identify what physical education pre-service teachers observe when watching an experienced teacher. While enrolled in a methods of teaching physical education course and engaged in their second practicum experience, pre-service teachers (n = 17) observed multiple lessons taught by experienced physical education teachers and took observation notes. Based on Cochran, DeRuiter, and King’s (1993) model of teacher knowledge, three themes emerged from the observations: (a) pedagogy, (b) pedagogy and students, and (c) pedagogy, students, and subject matter. Physical education teacher education programs may help pre-service teachers establish pedagogies early so they can focus on students learning content as soon as possible in the early field experience. Additionally, enhancing pre-service teachers’ content knowledge prior to scheduled observations of experienced teachers could help these novices move quickly from focusing on pedagogies to focusing on students learning subject matter content.
Outbred CD1 mice are as suitable as inbred C57BL/6J mice in performing social tasks

Inbred mouse strains have been used preferentially for behavioral testing over outbred counterparts, even though outbred mice reflect the genetic diversity in the human population better. Here, we compare the sociability of widely available outbred CD1 mice with the commonly used inbred C57BL/6J (C57) mice in the one-chamber social interaction test and the three-chamber sociability test. In the one-chamber task, intra-strain pairs of juvenile, non-littermate, male CD1 or C57 mice display a series of social and aggressive behaviors. While CD1 and C57 pairs spend equal amount of time socializing, CD1 pairs spend significantly more time engaged in aggressive behaviors than C57 mice. In the three-chamber task, sociability of C57 mice was less dependent on acclimation paradigms than CD1 mice. Following acclimation to all three chambers, both groups of age-matched male mice spent more time in the chamber containing a stranger mouse than in the empty chamber, suggesting that CD1 mice are sociable like C57 mice. However, the observed power suggests that it is easier to achieve statistical significance with C57 than CD1 mice. Because the stranger mouse could be considered as a novel object, we assessed for a novelty effect by adding an object. CD1 mice spend more time in the chamber with a stranger mouse than that a novel object, suggesting that their preference is social in nature. Thus, outbred CD1 mice are as appropriate as inbred C57 mice for studying social behavior using either the single or the three-chamber test using a specific acclimation paradigm.
"Meu amigo e comborço": Dimensões homoeróticas do Dom Casmurroz de Machado de Assis

Este ensaio procura enxergar o homoerotismo em Dom Casmurro , de Machado de Assis, por meio da analise do modo como a propria narrativa se constroi. Para isso, em primeiro lugar observa o papel desempenhado pelas "cenas" no romance; como a narrativa memorialistica se da por meio da evocacao de momentos estanques do passado, reencenados no discurso do narrador. Em seguida, investiga a luz da psicanalise a natureza do sentimento "ciume," central na obra, e o seu vinculo intrinseco com o homoerotismo. Depois, procura localizar em outros momentos da obra machadiana (mais especificamente, nos contos e cronicas) figuracoes do traco homoerotico. Por fim, recorrendo a nocao de "literatura menor," de Deleuze e Guattari, defende a hipotese de que, em Dom Casmurro , o homoerotismo pode ser pensado em tres dimensoes: representativa, existencial e hermeneutica. This essay aims to identify aspects of homoeroticism in Machado de Assis's Dom Casmurro , by analyzing the way the novel constructs itself. In order to do so, the article analyzes the role of "scenes" in the novel—how the memorialistic narrative progresses through the evocation of scenes from the past, as staged in the narrator's discourse. It then sheds light on the nature of "jealousy"—a feeling central to the work—as well as the close relation between jealousy and homoeroticism. In addition, it tries to locate figurations of homoeroticism in other writings by the author (the short stories and chronicles). Finally, by drawing on Deleuze and Guattari's notion of "minor literature," it proposes that homoeroticism is present in three dimensions of Dom Casmurro : the representational, the existential, and the hermeneutic.
Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of dynamic malware analysis with machine learning

As the malware threat landscape is constantly evolving and over one million new malware strains are being generated every day [1], early automatic detection of threats constitutes a top priority of cybersecurity research, and amplifies the need for more advanced detection and classification methods that are effective and efficient. In this paper, we present the application of machine learning algorithms to predict the length of time malware should be executed in a sandbox to reveal its malicious intent. We also introduce a novel hybrid approach to malware classification based on static binary analysis and dynamic analysis of malware. Static analysis extracts information from a binary file without executing it, and dynamic analysis captures the behavior of malware in a sandbox environment. Our experimental results show that by turning the aforementioned problems into machine learning problems, it is possible to get an accuracy of up to 90% on the prediction of the malware analysis run time and up to 92% on the classification of malware families.
Perceptions of Family Engagement and Support in SWIFT Schools

Abstract Recent research and federal legislation highlight the importance of family engagement and support. However, meaningful and effective family engagement does not always come to fruition in p...
In situ microscopy across scales for the characterization of crystal growth mechanisms: the case of europium oxalate

A better understanding of how production pathway affects the final product is required in order to produce targeted syntheses, but many of the classical ex situ techniques used for studying nanoparticle growth are unsuitable as stand-alone methods for identifying and characterizing growth mechanisms. Using a combination of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryogenic TEM, liquid cell scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy we monitor europium oxalate growth over the range of nanometers to tens of micrometers and identify potential crystal growth pathways. Interpretation of the evolving crystallites reveals the significant impact of inhomogeneity in diffusion fields on diffusion limited crystal growth. We also compare the effects of stirring during crystal growth as an example of how changing processing conditions changes growth mechanisms.
Consumer health information Websites: a survey of design elements found in sites developed in academic environments

L'analyse du contenu et des caracteristiques structurales d'une trentaine de sites web academiques destines a fournir des informations de sante, permet d'identifier quelques elements a prendre en compte pour la conception de tels sites.
Forensic Laboratory Reports

There is no precise formula, dictated by law or science, as to what a forensic laboratory report must contain when it reports test results or analysis outcomes. On the contrary, report formats and content may be determined by lab protocol; local, state, or national law; and/or ethical constraints. This article discusses recent criticism of forensic reports in the United States, identifies several models for forensic laboratory reports, explains how discovery [disclosure] rules for criminal cases and ethical standards of forensic examiner organizations may inform the content of such reports, and reviews how and when the reports themselves may stand as evidence, without testimony from the forensic analyst.
MONETARY POLICY AND THE U.S. STATES AND REGIONS: SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION

The European Monetary Union (EMU) faces numerous economic and political challenges. Among them is the likelihood that the economies of member countries will respond differently to the (common) actions of the European Central Bank. This paper seeks to draw lessons for the EMU by studying the size and sources of differential responses to monetary policy shocks in the U.S. states and regions.1
Evaluation of a Nonradioactive Magnetic Marker Wireless Localization Program

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a nonradioactive magnetic marker wireless localization technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective rev...
DEvis: an R package for aggregation and visualization of differential expression data

Existing tools for the aggregation and visualization of differential expression data have discrete functionality and require that end-users rely on multiple software packages with complex dependencies or manually manipulate data for analysis and interpretation. Furthermore, at present, data aggregation and visualization are laborious, time consuming, and subject to human error. This is a serious limitation on the current state of differential transcriptomic analysis, which makes it necessary to expend extensive time and resources to reach the point where biological meaning can be interpreted. Such an approach for analysis also leads to scattered and non-standardized code, unsystematic project management and non-reproducible result sets. Here, we present a differential expression analysis toolkit, DEvis, that provides a powerful, integrated solution for the analysis of differential expression data with a rapid turnaround time. DEvis has simple installation requirements and provides a convenient, user-friendly R package that addresses the issues inherent to complex multi-factor experiments, such as multiple contrast aggregation and integration, result sorting and selection, visualization, project management, and reproducibility. This tool increases the capabilities of differential expression analysis while reducing workload and the potential for manual error. Furthermore, it provides a much-needed encapsulation of scattered functionality, making large and complex analysis more efficient and reproducible. DEvis provides a wide range of powerful visualization, data aggregation, and project management tools that provide flexibility and speed in analysis. The functionality provided by DEVis increases efficiency of analysis and supplies researchers with new and relevant means for the analysis of large and complicated transcriptomic experiments. DEvis furthermore incorporates automatic project management capabilities, which standardizes analysis and ensures the reproducibility of results. After the establishment of statistical frameworks that identify differentially expressed genes, this package is the next logical step for differential transcriptomic analysis, establishing the critical framework necessary to manipulate, explore, and extract biologically relevant meaning from differential expression data.
Kinetic models of vitrinite, kerogen, and bitumen reflectance

Abstract Vitrinite reflectance is perhaps the most widely used property to calibrate paleothermal histories, and the most common model for that purpose is Easy%Ro. This paper reviews the origin of Easy%Ro as a simplification of Vitrimat. Weaknesses of the original versions are discussed, as are historical attempts to improve them. New versions of Vitrimat and Easy%Ro are presented that use substantially higher frequency factors and activation energies, and variations of these versions are derived for vitrinite itself and hydrogen-rich macerals and bitumen. The Vitrimat models are based on the original premise that reflectance correlates primarily with H/C ratio and secondarily with O/C ratio. With this approach, the reflectance of different types of organic matter is automatically calculated based on the initial composition of that organic matter. This general approach may also serve as a pathway with appropriate cross-reaction terms to calculate suppression of true vitrinite reflectance matured in oil-prone rocks containing significant concentrations of liptinite.
People represent their own mental states more distinctly than those of others

One can never know the internal workings of another person-one can only infer others' mental states based on external cues. In contrast, each person has direct access to the contents of their own mind. Here, we test the hypothesis that this privileged access shapes the way people represent internal mental experiences, such that they represent their own mental states more distinctly than the states of others. Across four studies, participants considered their own and others' mental states; analyses measured the distinctiveness of mental state representations. Two fMRI studies used representational similarity analyses to demonstrate that the social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one's own states vs. others'. Two behavioral studies complement these findings, and demonstrate that people differentiate between states less as social distance increases. Together, these results suggest that we represent our own mind with greater granularity than the minds of others.
Analysis of potential associations of JUUL flavours with health symptoms based on user-generated data from Reddit

Background The rise of the popular e-cigarette, JUUL, has been partly attributed to various teen-friendly e-liquid flavours offered. However, the possible health risks associated with each e-liquid flavour still remain unclear. This research focuses on the possible associations between JUUL flavours and health symptoms using social media data from Reddit. Methods Keyword filtering was used to obtain 5,746 JUUL flavour-related posts and 7927 health symptom-related posts from June 2015 to April 2019 from Reddit. Posts from September 2016 to April 2019 were used to conduct temporal analysis for nine health symptom categories and the 8 JUUL flavours. Finally, associations between the JUUL flavours and health symptom categories were examined on the user level using generalised estimating equation models. Results According to our temporal analysis, Mango and Mint were the most discussed JUUL flavours on Reddit. Respiratory and throat symptoms were the most discussed health issues together with JUUL on Reddit over time. Respiratory symptoms had potential associations with the Mango, Mint and Fruit JUUL flavours. Digestive symptoms had a potential association with the Creme flavour, psychological symptoms had a potential association with the Cucumber flavour, and cardiovascular symptoms had a potential association with the tobacco flavours. Conclusions Mango and Mint were the two most mentioned JUUL flavours on Reddit. Certain JUUL flavours were more likely to be mentioned together with certain categories of health symptoms by the same Reddit users. Our findings could prompt further medical research into the health symptoms associated with different e-liquid flavours.
Sochiatrist: Signals of Affect in Messaging Data

Messaging is a common mode of communication, with conversations written informally between individuals. Interpreting emotional affect from messaging data can lead to a powerful form of reflection or act as a support for clinical therapy. Existing analysis techniques for social media commonly use LIWC and VADER for automated sentiment estimation. We correlate LIWC, VADER, and ratings from human reviewers with affect scores from 25 participants. We explore differences in how and when each technique is successful. Results show that human review does better than VADER, the best automated technique, when humans are judging positive affect ($r_s=0.45$ correlation when confident, $r_s=0.30$ overall). Surprisingly, human reviewers only do slightly better than VADER when judging negative affect ($r_s=0.38$ correlation when confident, $r_s=0.29$ overall). Compared to prior literature, VADER correlates more closely with PANAS scores for private messaging than public social media. Our results indicate that while any technique that serves as a proxy for PANAS scores has moderate correlation at best, there are some areas to improve the automated techniques by better considering context and timing in conversations.
Effect of inertial migration of particles on flow transitions of a suspension Taylor-Couette flow

Uniformly distributed particles in inertial flows migrate across the streamlines to form nonuniform distributions in the flow cross sections. Here, an experimental study of the influence of inertial migration of particles on flow transitions of a suspension in Taylor-Couette geometry is presented. It is shown that, relative to uniform concentration, the particle distribution following inertial migration either stabilizes or destabilizes the flow depending on the underlying flow structure and flow Reynolds number.
Implications of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Age Measurement for Stellar Evolution and Dark Energy

The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) satellite has provided a new measurement of the age of the universe, 13.7 ± 0.2 Gyr. A comparison of this limit with constraints from stellar evolution imply that the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way have a reasonable probability of having formed significantly after reionization. At the same time, one can derive a direct upper limit of ≈3 Gyr on the time after the big bang and before globular clusters in our Galaxy formed, which significantly reduces our uncertainty since before the cosmic microwave background age estimate. The WMAP age constraint can also be shown to provide a stringent lower bound on the equation of state of dark energy. A precise value of this lower bound would require a global analysis of the WMAP parameter constraints. However, making conservative assumptions about allowed parameter ranges and correlations, one derives a lower bound of w > -1.22. Combining this with the WMAP-quoted upper limit on w thus gives a roughly symmetric 95% confidence range of w = -1 ± 0.22.
COVID-19 and the Estate Planner

Our professional and personal lives have been changed, temporarily and perhaps permanently, due to COVID-19. Estate planners have engaged in considerable discussion of the estate planning interface between the coronavirus stay-at-home orders and the imposition of social distancing. This article summarizes how you may wish proceed in light of these challenging circumstances to represent your estate planning clients and have their documents validly executed.
Evaluation of adenosine A1 receptor agonists as neuroprotective countermeasures against Soman intoxication in rats.

Abstract Soman, an organophosphorus (OP) compound, disrupts nervous system function through inactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine at synapses. Left untreated, a state of prolonged seizure activity (status epilepticus, SE) is induced, causing widespread neuronal damage and associated cognitive and behavioral impairments. Previous research demonstrated that therapeutic stimulation of A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) can prevent or terminate soman-induced seizure. This study examined the ability of three potent A1AR agonists to provide neuroprotection and, ultimately, prevent observable cognitive and behavioral deficits following exposure to soman. Sprague Dawley rats were challenged with a seizure-inducing dose of soman (1.2 x LD50) and treated 1 min later with one of the following A1AR agonists: (6)-Cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), 2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA) or N-bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl-5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine (cdENBA). An active avoidance shuttle box task was used to evaluate locomotor responses to aversive stimuli at 3, 7 and 14 days post-exposure. Animals treated with CPA, CCPA or cdENBA demonstrated a higher number of avoidance responses and a faster reaction to the aversive stimulus than the soman/saline control group across all three sessions. Findings suggest that A1AR agonism is a promising neuroprotective countermeasure, capable of preventing the long-term deficits in learning and memory that are characteristic of soman intoxication.