cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
“What are we doing here with all these Japanese?”: Subject‐constitution and strategies of discursive closure represented in stories of Japanese American internment

This essay investigates the operation of discourse and power in the constitution of social identity and reality, as represented in Japanese American internment narratives. The analysis identifies forms of subjectivity, discursive strategies and practices to gain insight into the lived experience of internees and into the process by which discursive closure is realized in cultural systems. The Japanese American subject is constituted as a “Radical Other” in internment stories through two interwoven threads: the Japanese American subject as (dis)loyal and the Japanese American subject as “enemy alien.” The essay concludes with a discussion of implications for public discourse, narration, and criticism.
On the monoid of singular braids

Abstract We show that the singular braid monoid on 3 strands embeds in the integral group ring of the braid group proving a special case of a conjecture originating from J.S. Birman (1993). The statement is proven by developing general results connected to the conjecture, including an extension of Artin's braiding theorem to a special class of singular braids. We prove two corollaries which are also in strong connection with the conjecture and discuss the difficulties arising when the number of strands is greater than 3.
Diagnostic studies of nosocomial diarrhea in child en: Assessing their use end value

Abstract During a 17-month period (01/11/85–05/31/86) 225 cases of nosocomial diarrhea were identified in a children's hospital. Diarrhea was considered to be nosocomial if it began at least 72 hours after the patient's hospital admission or within 3 days after discharge. One or more routine diagnostic studies for identification of a pathogen were performed in 195 (87%) cases. The most commonly performed test was the bacterial stool culture. None of these samples yielded a bacterial pathogen. The only pathogens detected by routine laboratory studies were rotavirus (61137 [45%] samples were positive for rotavirus by ELISA) and Clostridium difficile (954 [17%] positive for toxin). Of the patients whose tests were positive for rotavirus 56 were younger than 2 years of age, and all were identified in the winter and spring. When multiple stool samples were tested by the diagnostic laboratory, rotavirus was identified in an additional 14 patients whose initial stool samples were negative for rotavirus. All patients whose tests were positive for C. difficile toxin had received antibiotics within the previous 3 months. Ova/parasites were not detected in 53 of the tested stools. We also identified enteric adenovirus in six patients. Viruses were identified in 95 (42%) of the 225 cases of nosocomial gastroenteritis. Nosocomial diarrhea is common in a children's hospital. Rotavirus is the most commonly identified pathogen. Rotavirus testing is valuable in children with nosocomial diarrhea who are younger than 2 years of age, especially in the winter and spring. Multiple samples may be necessary to identify rotavirus. C. difficile toxin assay should be considered for patients who are receiving or who have received antibiotics. Bacterial cultures and ova/parasite testing may not be necessary unless clinical information increases the likelihood of these pathogens.
Intracerebral Infusion of Antisense Oligonucleotides Into Prion-infected Mice

Mice deficient for the cellular prion protein (PrPC) do not develop prion disease; accordingly, gene-based strategies to diminish PrPC expression are of interest. We synthesized a series of chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeted against mouse Prnp messenger RNA (mRNA) and identified those that were most effective in decreasing PrPC expression. Those ASOs were also evaluated in scrapie-infected cultured cells (ScN2a) for their efficacy in diminishing the levels of the disease-causing prion protein (PrPSc). When the optimal ASO was infused intracerebrally into FVB mice over a 14-day period beginning 1 day after infection with the Rocky Mountain Laboratory (RML) strain of mouse prions, a prolongation of the incubation period of almost 2 months was observed. Whether ASOs can be used to develop an effective therapy for patients dying of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease remains to be established.
Multi-Phasic Ceramic Composites Made by Sol-Gel Technique

Instead of aiming to prepare homogeneous gels and xero-gels, this paper reports on work done to prepare deliberately diphasic materials. This has been achieved by three different paths: (1) mixing 2 sols; (2) mixing 1 sol with 1 solution; and (3) post formation diffusion of either one or two solutions. By the last named process we have made SiO2, mullite and alumina based composites, with silver halides, BaSO4, CdS, etc., as the dispersed phase. The crystal size can be confined to the initial pores by rapid diffusion giving rise to extremely fine second phases in the submicron range. Subsequent reduction of appropriate metallic salts can be used to give finely dispersed metals (e.g. Cu, Ni) in essentially any xerogel matrix. The open porosity makes these metal atoms very accessible. By the first two processes we have made both single phase and di-phasic gels of the same composition (prototype: mullite) and shown that though they cannot be distinguished by XRD, SEM, and TEM, by DTA and thermal processing, they are radically different. Such di-phasic gels store more metastable energy than any other solids.
Experimental Propaganda Techniques and Voting Behavior.

During 1953 and 1954 two different experiments designed to determine the comparative effectiveness of personalized and impersonalized propaganda techniques were conducted in Ann Arbor. Although “scientific” in orientation, both of them were carried out in conjunction with the teaching of a political science course in public opinion. This not only provided a unique pedagogical opportunity but also made possible the execution of a particularly difficult type of research. In the report following the first year's experiment, the class procedure used and the drawbacks resulting from the use of students were discussed. Here we will present the major findings and interpretations of two years of such experimental work.Personal contact in political campaigns in the United States today receives a prominent emphasis in the thinking and planning of party strategists. Despite technological improvements in the mass media, especially television, there is today no diminution in attention to programs for personalized appeals to “get out the vote,” unsystematic though such programs may often be. Successful political campaigners in recent years invariably relate their success in part, at least, to the volume of their handshaking, their extensive itineraries, and the intensity of personalized organizational work. In November, 1954 President Eisenhower made history with his initiation of a Republican “talkathon” by telephoning ten party workers around the nation just before election day.
Survival Times and Complications of Catheters Used for Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy in Children

Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy is routinely used in pediatrics, but few data are available on catheter-associated complications and survival times. Catheter-associated complications, defined as mechanical or nonmechanical, and survival times in peripherally inserted central catheters and central venous catheters used for outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy in childhood were compared. The life test procedure was performed to determine survival time. Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the independent effect of variables such as age and gender on catheter survival. There were 104 peripheral and 130 central venous catheters, of which 28 peripheral and 19 central catheters had mechanical complications, and 13 peripheral and 17 central catheters had nonmechanical complications. Peripheral catheters are more likely to develop mechanical complications and have a shorter survival time than central venous catheters. For outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy longer than 6 weeks, central venous catheters appear to be a better choice.
Spacecraft studies of planetary surfaces using bistatic radar

Spaceborne transmitters have been used in bistatic geometries for a number of planetary surface studies including inference of topography, Fresnel reflectivity, and RMS surface slopes on the Moon, Mars, and Venus. For the Moon and Mars in particular, the bistatic geometry has enabled remote probing in regions and under conditions not obtainable with Earth-based radar systems, yielding information about surface characteristics and properties on scales of centimeters to hundreds of meters that complements monostatic radar observations. A new generation of planetary spacecraft now provides opportunities for further experiments, including more nearly complete definition of the surface scattering function and, possibly, imaging. Targets of interest include the polar regions of Venus (by Magellan) and Mars (by Mars Observer), the enigmatic icy Galilean satellites of Jupiter (by Galileo), and Saturn's largest moon Titan (by Cassini). >
Primary Ewing Family of Tumors of the Jaw Has a Better Prognosis Compared to Tumors of Extragnathic Sites

Purpose Primary Ewing sarcoma of the jaw is rare. The aim of this study was to describe new cases of primary Ewing sarcoma of the jaw and investigate reported prognostic factors of Ewing sarcoma in this series and treatment outcome. Materials and Methods Six patients with primary Ewing sarcoma of the jaw were treated at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) from 1992 through 2013. Clinical data, pathology reports, treatment prescribed, treatment regimens, outcome, and follow-up information were reviewed. Results Five of 6 patients were female and 5 cases were in the mandible. No patient presented with metastatic disease at diagnosis. All cases were positive for CD99, and 3 patients with genetic confirmation were positive for EWS-FLI1 fusion or EWSR1 gene rearrangement. All patients received induction multiagent chemotherapy and surgical resection and 2 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. Total (grade IV) or nearly total (grade III) tumor necrosis in 3 of 5 patients (60%) assessed for histologic response to chemotherapy indicated intense sensitivity. All patients were alive and free of disease, with no history of local recurrence, at a median follow-up period of 6.5 years. Conclusion Patients with primary Ewing sarcoma of the jaw have a good prognosis and metastasis is an uncommon occurrence at initial presentation.
Heterogeneity in the 3'-terminal untranslated region of tobacco mild green mosaic tobamoviruses from Nicotiana glauca resulting in variants with three or six pseudoknots.

Isolates of tobacco mild green mosaic tobamovirus (TMGMV) were obtained from 58 plants of Nicotiana glauca in southern California and placed in one of two groups (Small type and Large type) based on the size of the subgenomic RNA for the coat protein (CP). The CP sequence differed by no more than one amino acid for the two types, and the Small type was identical to that published for TMGMV. Thirty-six of the isolates had a double-stranded (ds)RNA profile that matched that of type TMGMV, and the nucleotide sequence of the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of six of these isolates was similar to the published sequence of TMGMV. Twenty-two isolates had a larger dsRNA for the CP subgenomic RNA. Six of these were sequenced and all had a repeat sequence of between 147 and 165 bases in the part of the 3′UTR that is involved in the formation of pseudoknots. These novel but common isolates are predicted to have six rather than three pseudoknots. Small types (three pseudoknots=type TMGMV) yielded twice as much virus after purification as Large types (six pseudoknots). The two groups of isolates could be distinguished in N. rustica (Large type, but not Small type gave a systemic infection), and N. clevelandii (Small type but not Large type induced systemic lethal necrosis). Almost all isolates of TMGMV used in this study were initially associated with satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV), and both types supported STMV experimentally.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Mediates the Adaptive Increase of Intestinal Ferroportin During Iron Deficiency in Mice

Background & Aims Iron deficiency and iron overload affect over a billion people worldwide. Dietary iron absorption in the small intestine is required for systemic iron homeostasis. Ferroportin (FPN) is the only characterized, mammalian, basolateral iron exporter. Despite the importance of FPN in maintaining iron homeostasis, its in vivo mechanisms of regulation are unclear. Methods Systemic iron homeostasis was assessed in mice with intestine-specific disruption of genes encoding the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (Vhl), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, and aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (ARNT). Results We observed biphasic regulation of Fpn during iron deficiency. Fpn was rapidly induced under conditions of low iron, which required the transcription factor HIF-2α. Targeted disruption of HIF-2α in the intestine inhibited Fpn induction in mice with low iron, through loss of transcriptional activation. Analysis of the Fpn promoter and in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that HIF-2α directly binds to the Fpn promoter and induces its expression, indicating a mechanism of transcriptional regulation of Fpn following changes in systemic levels of iron. During chronic iron deficiency, FPN protein levels also increased, via increased stability through a HIF-2α-independent pathway. Conclusions In mice, expression of the gene that encodes Fpn and its protein levels are regulated by distinct pathways to provide a rapid and sustained response to acute and chronic iron deficiency. Therapies that target FPN might be developed for patients with iron-related disorders.
Compacting test responses for deeply embedded SoC cores

Test bandwidth allocation issues greatly limit the parallel testing of SoC cores. Here, the authors propose a response compaction methodology for reducing the required output core bandwidth, enabling increased parallelism among core tests and hence reducing the overall SoC test time.
Three-dimensional modeling of ductile crack growth in thin sheet metals: computational aspects and validation

Abstract This work describes the development of two types of three-dimensional (3D) finite element models to predict stable, Mode I crack growth in thin, ductile aluminum alloys. The two presented models extend the standard 2D form of the Crack Tip Opening Angle (CTOA) methodology, which determines crack extension based on obtaining a critical angle at the crack tip. The more general 3D model evaluates the CTOA at each node along the crack front which enables the development of tunneled profiles. The alternative, constant front approach, enforces uniform growth along the crack front, thereby growing the crack in a self-similar manner. For the constant front approach, evaluation of the CTOA occurs at a specified distance behind the crack front which decouples CTOA evaluation from mesh refinement. Both CTOA-based models include adaptive load control strategies to minimize the effects of discrete load increments on the growth response. Example analyses demonstrate that the more general 3D approach requires cube-shaped elements on the crack plane to eliminate a bias in growth directions. To evaluate the effectiveness of the constant front approach, this work also describes a validation study using load-crack extension data from 2.3 mm thick Al 2024-T3 specimens tested at NASA-Langley. The test matrix includes C(T) and M(T) specimens, with varying widths (50–600 mm), a/W ratios, and levels of mechanical restraint to suppress out-of-plane bending. Comparisons of load-crack extension curves from experiments and analyses of a 150 mm C(T) specimen, with out-of-plane bending prevented, provide a calibrated (critical) CTOA value of 5.1°. Analyses using the calibrated CTOA value and the constant front approach provide predictions of peak load for constrained and unconstrained specimens in good agreement with the experimental values.
Parallel discrete event simulation of space shuttle operations

This paper describes the application of parallel simulation techniques to represent structured functional parallelism present within the space shuttle operations flow, utilizing the synchronous parallel environment for emulation and discrete-event simulation (SPEEDES), an object-oriented multicomputing architecture. SPEEDES is a unified parallel simulation environment, which allocates events over multiple processors to get simulation speed up. Its optimistic processing capability minimizes simulation lag time behind wall clock time, or multiples of real-time. SPEEDES accommodates increases in processes complexity with additional parallel computing nodes to allow sharing of processing loads. This papers focuses on the whole process of translating a model of space shuttle operations flow represented in a process-driven approach to object oriented design, verification, validation, and implementation.
Exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in children

Intercellular interactions are essential for basic cellular activities and errors in either receiving or transferring these signals have shown to cause pathological conditions. These signals are not only regulated by membrane surface molecules but also by soluble secreted proteins, thereby allowing for an exquisite coordination of cell functions. Exosomes are released by cells upon fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane. Their envelope reflects their cellular origin and their surface and internal contents include important signaling components. Exosomes contain a wide variety of proteins, lipids, RNAs, non-transcribed RNAs, miRNAs and small RNAs that are representative to their cellular origin and shuttle from donor cells to recipient cells. The exosome formation cargo content and delivery is of immense biological interest because exosomes are believed to play major roles in various pathological conditions, and therefore provide unique opportunities for biomarker discovery and development of non-invasive diagnostics when examined in biological fluids such as urine and blood plasma. For example, circulating miRNAs in exosomes have been applied as functional biomarkers for diagnosis and outcomes prediction, while synthetic miRNAs in polymer-based nanoparticles are applicable for therapeutics. This review provides insights into the composition and functional properties of exosomes, and focuses on their potential value as diagnostic markers in the context of cardiovascular disease risk estimates in children who suffer from conditions associated with heightened prevalence of adverse cardiovascular disease, namely obesity and sleep-disordered-breathing.
Trends in Whey Fractionation and Utilization, A Global Perspective

Worldwide production of whey appears to be in the order of 85 million metric tons with cheese production increasing at a rate of about 3% per year. Full utilization of whey even with new technology has not been achieved. Industry has been slow to adopt whey processing schemes even though processes like ultrafiltration have been in commercial use since 1972. Although whey fractions like protein concentrates appear to be more profitably salable than whole dried whey, the lactose permeate creates disposal problems almost equal to the disposal of raw whey. For the most part little to no new technology for producing new whey products has been created in the last 6 to 8 yr. There seems to be considerable evidence that more product formulation work is needed to move whey fractions into the general market place. The advantage of special functional or nutritive characteristics of protein concentrates could be exploited further.
Evaluating Referral and Agency Coordination With a Computerized Client-Tracking System

In this article, the authors present a mechanism for client tracking linked to a management information system (MIS). The MIS can serve several evaluation functions: assistance to program management in enhancing services, evaluation of the dynamics of client flow through the system, and measurement of interagency coordination for the service population. The authors' aim is to demonstrate the role that such an MIS can play whenever clients must be tracked over time in open systems that depend on coordination of services. Features of the MIS are illustrated by its use in a project for pregnant and postpartum chemically dependent women.
Surface current mapping performance of bistatic and monostatic Delta k-radars

A theoretical analysis of the surface ocean current mapping performance of land-based bistatic and monostatic Delta k-radars is presented. Contour maps of the calculated surface current resolution achievable with both configurations are presented and compared. For the assumed surface conditions, both configurations are seen to be capable of resolving 5 cm/s currents with 100 m spatial resolution out to ranges of several kilometers using reasonable dwell times. >
Bulldozing the core mantle boundary: Localized seismic scatterers beneath the Caribbean Sea

Images of the scattering field near the core–mantle boundary (CMB) beneath the Caribbean were obtained from migration processing of PKIKP precursors recorded by a broadband seismic array in the southern Caribbean from earthquakes in the Western Pacific. Strong seismic scatterers were found to be concentrated near the CMB north of Colombia and are surrounded by high velocity anomalies associated with the subducted Farallon plate. The relative location between the imaged scatterers and the surrounding high velocity anomalies leads us to speculate that the observed seismic scatterers are remnants of the subducted slab. As the Farallon plate penetrated into the lower mantle, segregation allowed its basaltic crust to descend more quickly and to pool in front of the major portion of the subducting slab. The ponding oceanic crustal material could be further collected (or bulldozed) by the residual motion of the subducting plate, forming a localized region with strong seismic scatterers.
Effect of stretching on agonist–antagonist muscle activity and muscle force output during single and multiple joint isometric contractions

Eight moderately active male subjects where tested for peak force in an isometric knee extension test and peak force and rate of force development in an isometric squat test. Both tests where performed at a 100 degrees knee angle and average integrated electromyography (IEMG) was measured from the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Subjects performed the two conditions, stretching (S) or control (C) in a randomized order. Subjects where tested for baseline strength measures in both the isometric knee extension and isometric squat and then either stretched or sat quietly for 10 min. Following S or C subjects where then tested at six time points. Following S peak force in the isometric knee extension was significantly (P < or = 0.05) less than C at 1, 2, 8 and 16 min post. No significant difference in peak force was found between S and C in the isometric squat. However, following S the rate of force development in the isometric squat was significantly less than C at immediately post. No significant differences where observed in IEMG of the VM or VL between S and C in either the isometric knee extension or isometric squat. However, IEMG significantly decreased in the BF at 1 min post after S in comparison with C in both the isometric knee extension and isometric squat. Stretching appears to decrease muscle force output in a single joint isometric contraction and rate of force development in a multiple joint isometric contraction. Possible changes in agonist-antagonist muscle activity patterns need to be further examined.
Biosphere—atmosphere interactions over West Africa. II: Multiple climate equilibria

SUMMARY This paper presents both theoretical and numerical analyses on the multiple-equilibrium nature of the regional climate system in West Africa. Based on simple analyses on how the coupled biosphere-atmosphere system responds to vegetation perturbations within the scope of a dynamic ecosystem, we propose that the regional climate system may have multiple equilibrium states coexisting under the same precessional forcing. Using a synchronously coupled biosphere-atmosphere model which includes explicit representation of ecosystem dynamics, we show that the equilibrium state of the model is sensitive to initial vegetation distribution. This modelling result supports the existence of multiple climate equilibria. Using the same model, further experiments are canied out to investigate how the coupled system responds to non-permanent vegetation perturbations. Our results demonstrate how transitions between different climate equilibria can take place when governed by the two-way biosphere-atmosphere feedback. These findings advance our understanding regarding the mechanisms of climate variability over West Africa.
Phase II Study of 9-Nitro-Camptothecin in Patients With Advanced Chordoma or Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Purpose The purpose of this trial was to assess the objective clinical response, toxicity, and time to progression of treatment with 9-Nitro-Camptothecin (9-NC) in patients with advanced chordoma, soft tissue sarcoma (STS), and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Patients and Methods Patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic chordoma, STS, or GIST received 9-NC 1.25 mg/m2 orally for 5 consecutive days followed by 2 days of rest. Patients continued on therapy until disease progression, uncontrollable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. Results From January 2000 to May 2003, 51 patients (15 chordoma, 23 STS, 13 GIST patients) enrolled. One patient (7%) with chordoma and one patient (4%) with STS had an objective response. Median time to progression was 9.9, 8.0, and 8.3 weeks for chordoma, STS, and GIST patients, respectively. Three- and 6-month progression-free survival rates were 47% and 33% for chordoma patients, 26% and 22% for STS patients, and 31% and 23% for GIST patients, respectively. Ten...
Patient autonomy and the regulation of direct-to-consumer advertising.

Abstract Background: The current direction of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) policy on direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of pharmaceuticals is a subject of debate. The literature addresses the benefits and drawbacks of DTCA, but the foundations for such policies have not been investigated in detail. Objective: This paper explores the most recent FDA guidance on broadcast DTCA based on a critical examination of the principle of autonomy. Conclusions: Autonomy is determined not by the ability to choose a therapy, but by the ability to actively participate in choices about health care. DTCA can be an effective tool to increase patient awareness of their therapeutic choices, encourage patients to seek more information, and help them draw closer to autonomous choices, but only if the presentations provide fair and balanced information on the benefits and risks of therapy.
Beetles (Coleoptera) of Peru: A Survey of the Families. Clambidae, Eucinetidae, Scirtidae (Scirtoidea)

Clambidae Fischer, 1821 Diversity in Peru: 1 genus, 7 species. Recognition: Clambids are easily recognized by their tiny oval-shaped bodies (1–2 mm), ability to roll into a ball, and expanded hind coxal plates. The head is deflexed and the antenna has a 2-segmented club. The tarsal formula is 4-4-4 and the hind wings are fringed with setae. Habitat: Clambids have been found in decaying vegetable matter of many kinds and they are known to feed on various fungi. Notes: Blackwelder (1944–1957) did not report this family from Peru. Leschen (2005a) is a good introduction to the diversity (5 gen/,150 species world-wide), biology and morphology. Clambids are often collected at lights at night and from leaf litter using Berlese funnels. Adults fly in the afternoon and at dusk and can be collected using flight-intercept traps. The following list is derived from EndrodyYounga (1998).
A New Approach to Determine the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Fracture Toughness of Engineering Materials

There are well developed standard techniques that can be used to determine the fracture initiation toughness of materials under quasi-static loading. One of the drawbacks on the conventional methods to determine the fracture toughness of materials, even under quasi-static loading, is the sample size requirement to get an acceptable accuracy. The ASTM standard test methods used to determine the fracture toughness of material required a certain sample thickness and volume to ensure the plan-strain condition ahead of the crack tips. This limits the use of the conventional fracture toughness test methods to a certain material that their properties are size independent. On the other hand there are no standard testing methods to determine the dynamic fracture properties of materials. There is a need to design a new technique, which avoid the sample size requirement, to determine the fracture toughness of material under quasi-static and dynamic loading. In this paper a new approach, a spiral notch sample loaded under pure torsion, is proposed to determine the fracture toughness of different engineering materials. The fracture toughness of different engineering materials has been investigated and demonstrated by the proposed approach. The proposed experimental approach is extended to the dynamic fracture toughness investigation of engineering materials.
Scalability of Integer Programming Computations for Sensor Placement in Water Networks

Integer programming (IP) is a general optimization technology capable of expressing most resource allocation decisions. More specifically, IP is the optimization of a linear objective function subject to linear contraints and additional nonlinear integrality constraints. For sensor placement problems, discrete decision variables usually represent decisions to place or not place a sensor at a particular network location. Discrete and rational derived variables compute the effect of various attacks. For the past two years, we have investigated a number of IP models for sensor placement with varying public-health-related objectives and varying assumptions about input data, water transport, and response. In those studies, we used IP as a tool to explore tradeoffs between number of sensors and population vulnerability. In this study, we focus on IP technology itself, as applied to sensor placement problems. In this paper, we empirically investigate the difficulty of solving some sensor-placement IPs on various computing platforms. We consider serial solution using commercial codes and parallel platforms using the PICO (Parallel Integer and Combinatorial Optimizer) parallel IP solver. We discuss algorithmic advances that might push the frontiers of tractability.
Localization of Glycogen in the Opacity Characterizing Decidualization in the Cleared Hamster Uterus.

Uteri of pregnant hamsters, and of pseudo-pregnant hamsters in which decidualization has been induced, reveal areas of opacity when viewed by oblique light after clearing by the benzyl-benzoate process. These opacities have been shown to be associated with decidua(1–3), and the presence of glycogen in them has been suggested(2).During gestation, the first of these areas which appear opaque after clearing develop coincidentally with decidua and mark implantation or decidualization regions prior to visible external swelling. They increase in mass, distending the uterus as localized swellings, late on the sixth day of gestation. They reach a peak in terms of mass per conceptual swelling on the seventh day of development, and begin to regress from the antimesometrial area on the eighth day, i.e., at 7 days and 12 hours.This paper reports results of chemical analyses of these tissues in comparison to the remainder of the uterus.Materials and methods. At the relative peak of development of the areas in question...
Ionic Liquid-Assisted Synthesis of Pt Nanoparticles onto Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets for Fuel Cells

Exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (GnP) has been investigated as an electrocatalyst support for fuel cell applications. GnP-supported Pt catalysts were synthesized by a microwave process in the presence of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). Thermal-oxidation resistance of GnP and GnP-supported Pt catalysts was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and compared with a variety of other carbon nanostructures: carbon black, graphite nanofiber, single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. GnP showed the best thermal-oxidative stability. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical testing, scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that the RTIL synthesis method resulted in size reduction of Pt nanoparticle, improvement of Pt dispersion on GnP, and identification of the relationships between the mean size of Pt particles with increasing RTIL content. The interaction of Pt particles-GnP is stronger than that of a commercial Pt-CB, and the Pt/GnP cata...
DIRECTV, Inc. v. Imburgia: How the Supreme Court Used a Jedi Mind Trick to Turn Arbitration Law Upside Down

The Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) is the primary federal statute governing millions of arbitration agreements that have mushroomed in every nook and cranny of modern American society. The Supreme Court of the United States has grossly erred when construing and applying the FAA in a long series of cases spanning the last few decades, and these flawed decisions have encouraged this explosion of arbitration agreements across America. In its most recent FAA decision from December 2015, DIRECTV, Inc. v. Imburgia, 136 S. Ct. 463 (2015), the Supreme Court continued its awkward tradition of issuing preposterous FAA rulings. However, the Court in DIRECTV reached a new low, a result so extreme and “dangerous,” according to the dissenting Justices, that the Court’s DIRECTV decision turns arbitration law completely upside down. This Article explores the Supreme Court’s deeply flawed interpretation of the FAA in DIRECTV. The Court’s decision desecrates the most fundamental principle of arbitration law, that arbitration must be based on the agreement of the parties. The Court in DIRECTV overrides the intent of the parties in this case, as well as the intent of Congress in enacting the FAA. The first part of this Article explains the background of the DIRECTV case. The second part of the Article closely examines the deep, multiple flaws in the opinion. Finally, the Article concludes by addressing how DIRECTV’s holding applies to some common hypotheticals in order to demonstrate the broader impact of this case in shutting off access to America’s civil justice system.
The Practices and Results of Carrying Dynamic Management on the Hypertension by the Network Information in Jiangyan District

OBJECTIVETo improve the dynamic management on the hypertension by the network information platform. METHODS De-veloping and establishing the "Public Health Information Platform" with Software Company. Enhancing the dynamic managementon the hypertension by the information platform and establishing an effective running mechanism. RESULTS Based on the network in-formation and the dynamic management of the hypertension,it has realized the evaluation on the service numbers,process and out-come indictors. It also greatly simplified the evaluation procedure and improves the work efficiency. CONCLUSION It is worth to popu-larize and apply of the dynamic management on the Hypertension by the network information.
Centralized and Distributed Storage Model Based on Object-oriented XML

This paper proposes centralized and distributed storage models for object-oriented XML.As for distributed storage model,an attribute or element inherited from superclass resides in object of superclass,an attribute or element defined oneself resides in its own object.As for centralized storage model,all attributes and elements reside in their own object,there is not any subclass instance but direct instance in superclass object.The storability of the two models is analyzed by some typical queries.The experimental results show that they are effective and feasible.
Capability Maturity Model

As cyber-D&D becomes a well-recognized, mainstream technique in cyber defense operations, a capability maturity model (CMM) can enable organizations to assess their readiness to conduct cyber-D&D operations. The systematic framework provided by a CMM enables organizations to implement a strategic cyber-D&D capability, assess the maturity of that capability over time, and estimate the capabilities of cyber adversaries.
Mentoring the untenured librarian: The research committee

Les bibliotheques de la Mississippi State University ont etabli un comite de recherche destine a soutenir les bibliothecaires dans leur avancement professionnel et leur titularisation. Un ensemble d'ateliers et de programmes ainsi qu'un systeme de mentoring individuel doivent leur permettre de renforcer leurs aptitudes a la recherche.
Learning from the Offenders’ Perspective on Crime Prevention

Criminals have a firsthand perspective on why and how to commit crime. In this chapter, we outline and illustrate five ways that offender-based research can be used to inform understanding of crime prevention, more specifically situational crime prevention: namely (1) by directly determining what works to reduce crime; (2) generating findings that are suggestive of what prevention measures to invent and employ; (3) refining understanding of why a given prevention method reduces crime; (4) figuring out how offenders get around particular prevention measures; and (5) gathering information on not only the positive but also the unintended, negative outcomes of prevention procedures. We conclude by discussing the choices involved in conducting offender-based research for the betterment of situational crime prevention.
Digitally deconvolving the tumor microenvironment.

Understanding a tumor’s complex cellular heterogeneity will be crucial for the development of better treatment strategies. A new study suggests a novel method for the in silico dissociation of solid tumors and presents novel insights that have implications for immunotherapy in cancer. Please see the related Research article: www.dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-016-1028-7 .
Pattern Learning through Distant Supervision for Extraction of Protein-Residue Associations in the Biomedical Literature

We propose a method enabling automatic extraction of protein-specific residues from the biomedical literature. We aim to associate mentions of specific amino acids to the protein of which the residue forms a part. The methods presented in this work will enable improved protein functional site extraction from articles, ultimately supporting protein function prediction. Our method made use of linguistic patterns for identifying the amino acid residue mentions in text. Further, we applied an automated graph-based method to learn syntactic and semantic patterns corresponding to protein-residue pairs mentioned in the text. On a new automatically generated data set of high confidence protein-residue relationship sentences, established through distant supervision, the method achieved a F-measure of 0.78. This work will pave the way to improved extraction of protein functional residues from the literature.
Ewing Sarcoma in the Fifth Metacarpal of an Adult Woman: A Case Report.

Case: Atypical presentations of Ewing sarcoma (ES) can lead to misdiagnosis and delays in treatment. We present a rare case of ES in the hand of an adult woman who underwent multiple interventions prior to referral to our institution. At 22 months after definitive treatment, the patient remained pleased with the result and had no evidence of recurrence. Conclusion: To our knowledge, ES of the hand in an adult woman has not yet been reported in the literature, and a lack of recognition of this condition might be secondary to the absence of features traditionally associated with malignant bone neoplasms. A broader differential diagnosis after intervention failures offers the opportunity for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Ideal Radial Permanent Magnet Coupling Torque Density Analysis

This paper derives the closed form 3-D analytical torque equations for an ideal radial Halbach rotor magnetic coupling. The performance of the radial Halbach coupling is then compared with an ideal axial Halbach rotor coupling. The closed form equations and comparison gives insight into the upper torque density limits of Nd-Fe-B based magnetic devices.
Deep Learning of Constrained Autoencoders for Enhanced Understanding of Data

Unsupervised feature extractors are known to perform an efficient and discriminative representation of data. Insight into the mappings they perform and human ability to understand them, however, remain very limited. This is especially prominent when multilayer deep learning architectures are used. This paper demonstrates how to remove these bottlenecks within the architecture of non-negativity constrained autoencoder. It is shown that using both L1 and L2 regularizations that induce non-negativity of weights, most of the weights in the network become constrained to be non-negative, thereby resulting into a more understandable structure with minute deterioration in classification accuracy. Also, this proposed approach extracts features that are more sparse and produces additional output layer sparsification. The method is analyzed for accuracy and feature interpretation on the MNIST data, the NORB normalized uniform object data, and the Reuters text categorization data set.
Bringing local voices into community revitalization: engaged communication research in Urban planning

ABSTRACTThe need to better engage low-income communities affected by revitalization of the built environment has been well documented in urban planning. Guided by communication infrastructure theory (CIT), this study presents a research project that made concerted efforts at engaging neighborhoods of Northeast Los Angeles that are experiencing rapid gentrification. The project was a partnership with a multi-sector collaborative working on the revitalization of the L.A. River and its surrounding communities. This paper specifically demonstrates how CIT's social ecological orientation was applied to seek input on L.A. River and community revitalization from storytelling networks made up of residents, small businesses, and local media. We also examine the impact of this engaged research on the organizational partners of the collaborative, and their views on community engagement in revitalization. Lastly, we discuss how the lessons learned broadly speak to future opportunities and challenges that aim for comm...
Do Germans smell like a rose? Phagia, philia, phobia

Response to comments on Borneman, John, and Parvis Ghassem-Fachandi. 2017. “The concept of Stimmung: From indifference to xenophobia in Germany’s refugee crisis.” Hau: Journal of Ethnographic Theory 7 (3): 105–135.
Reexamination of the N = 90 transitional nuclei 150 Nd and 152 Sm

The purpose of this Rapid Communication is to show that recent data on the ground-state band and excited states based on the ${0}_{2}^{+}$ level in ${}^{150}\mathrm{Nd}$ and ${}^{152}\mathrm{Sm},$ especially the measured $B(E2)$ values, can be well described by including a $\ensuremath{\Delta}K=0$ coupling between rotational bands. This is contrary to recent statements in the literature. The experimental data are compared with models that have supported the widely differing interpretations of these transitional nuclei. These interpretations include describing excited states as rotational excitations of single-phonon states, the multiphonon ``phase coexistence'' picture, and the $X(5)$ critical-point description.
Di-calcium phosphate by direct acidulation of phosphate rock

......... . iv INTRODUCTION « 1 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 4 Phase Equilibria 4 Ternary system CaO-SO^-HgO 4 Ternary system CaO-P^O^-H^O 4 Quaternary system CaO-P^O^-SO^-H^O 5 Processes for Di-Calciom Phosphate 6 MECHANISM OF ACIDOIATION OF PHOSPHATE ROCK 10 STUDY OF THE QUATERNARY SYSTEM CaO-P^Ou-SO^-HgO AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES . / 15 Laboratory Work 15 Apparatus and method 15 Starting material 16 Analyses 16 Graphical representation 31 APPLICATION TO DI-CALCIUM PHOSPHATE PROCESS 43 Yield » 48 Rate of Reaction 50 LABORATORY SCALE WCKK 55 Raw Material 55 Analyses 56 Procedure 57 Results 58 PILOT PLANT WORK 71 Description of Equipment 71 Procedures 71 Results 76 PROPOSED PROCESS 81 Economic Evaluation 84
Efferent and afferent connections of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei in the rat

It is well established that the brainstem contains discrete groups of serotonin-containing neurons with extensive axonal processes that distribute throughout the neuroaxis. Serotonergic neurons have been implicated in a range of functions prominently including the modulation of various events and states of sleep. We describe the efferent and afferent projections of the dorsal raphe (DR) and the median raphe (MR) nuclei. DR fibers distribute widely throughout the forebrain to dopamine-containing nuclei of the ventral midbrain, the lateral hypothalamus, the midline thalamus, amygdala, the dorsal and ventral striatum and adjoining regions of the basal forebrain, and most of the cortex. In contrast to the DR, the MR is a midline/paramidline system of projections. Specifically, MR fibers mainly distribute to forebrain structures lying on or close to the midline including the medial mammillary and supramammillary nuclei, posterior and perifornical nuclei of hypothalamus, midline and intralaminar nuclei of thalamus, lateral habenula, medial zona incerta, diagonal band nuclei, septum and hippocampus. Overall, MR projections to the cortex are light. With few exceptions, DR and MR project to separate, non-overlapping regions of the forebrain — or, in effect, DR and MR share the serotonergic innervation of the forebrain. Although their outputs are distinct, DR and MR receive common sets of afferent projections from “limbic” cortices, the medial and lateral preoptic areas, lateral habenula, the perifornical, lateral and dorsomedial nuclei of hypothalamus, and several brainstem nuclei prominently including the midbrain and pontine central gray, locus coeruleus, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and caudal raphe groups. In addition to common afferents, DR receives significant projections from bed nucleus of stria terminalis, lateral septum, diagonal band nuclei, substantia nigra and the tuberomammillary nucleus, while MR receives distinct projections from the medial septum, mammillary nuclei and the interpeduncular nucleus. There are few projections from the amygdala to either DR or MR. In effect, the DR and MR are positioned to integrate of vast array of information from the brainstem and limbic forebrain and through their extensive axonal network influence virtually all parts of the neuro