cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Verde plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) feeding injury to cotton bolls characterized by boll age, size, and damage ratings.

The verde plant bug, Creontiades signatus (Distant), has been present in south Texas for several years but has more recently been documented as an economic threat to cultivated cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Our studies over 2 yr (2009 and 2010) and two locations (Weslaco and Corpus Christi, TX) investigated feeding-injury of the verde plant bug to a range of cotton boll age classes defined by boll diameter and accumulated degree-days (anthesis to the time of infesting) for first-position cotton bolls infested with the plant bugs. The most detrimental damage to younger cotton bolls from verde plant bug feeding was boll abscission. Cotton bolls <04 accumulating daily degree-days (ACDD), or a boll diameter of 1.3 cm were subject to 60–70% higher boll abscission when compared with the noninfested controls. Significantly higher boll abscission occurred from verde plant bug injured bolls compared with the controls up to 162 ACDD or a mean boll diameter 2.0 cm. Cotton seed weights were significantly reduced up to 179 ACDD or a boll diameter of 2.0 cm at Weslaco in 2009, and up to 317 ACDD or boll diameter 2.6 cm for Weslaco in 2010 when compared with the noninfested controls. Lint weight per cotton boll for infested and noninfested bolls was significantly reduced up to 262 ACDD or boll diameter 2.5 for Corpus Christi in 2010 and up to 288 ACCD or boll diameter 2.6 cm for Weslaco, TX, in 2010. Damage ratings (dependant variable) regressed against infested and noninfested seed-cotton weights showed that in every instance, the infested cotton bolls had a strong and significant relationship with damage ratings for all age classes of bolls. Damage ratings for the infested cotton bolls that did not abscise by harvest showed visual signs of verde plant bug feeding injury and the subsequent development of boll rot; however, these two forms of injury causing lint and seed mass loss are hard to differentiate from open or boll-locked cotton bolls. Based on the results of both lint and seed loss over 2 yr and four studies cotton bolls should be protected up to ≈300 ACDD or a boll diameter of 2.5 cm. This equilibrates to bolls that are 12–14 d of age dependent upon daily maximum and minimum temperatures.
Biased suppression of TP homodimerization and signaling through disruption of a TM GxxxGxxxL helical interaction motif

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) by activating platelets and vascular constriction and proliferation. Despite their preclinical efficacy, pharmacological antagonists of the TXA2 receptor (TP), a G protein-coupled receptor, have not been clinically successful, raising interest in novel approaches to modifying TP function. We determined that disruption of a GxxxGxxxL helical interaction motif in the human TP's (α isoform) fifth transmembrane (TM) domain suppressed TP agonist-induced Gq signaling and TPα homodimerization, but not its cell surface expression, ligand affinity, or Gq association. Heterodimerization of TPα with the functionally opposing prostacyclin receptor (IP) shifts TPα to signal via the IP-Gs cascade contributing to prostacyclin's restraint of TXA2 function. Interestingly, disruption of the TPα-TM5 GxxxGxxxL motif did not modify either IP-TPα heterodimerization or its Gs-cAMP signaling. Our study indicates that distinct regions of the TPα receptor direct its homo- and heterodimerization and that homodimerization is necessary for normal TPα-Gq activation. Targeting the TPα-TM5 GxxxGxxxL domain may allow development of biased TPα homodimer antagonists that avoid suppression of IP-TPα heterodimer function. Such novel therapeutics may prove superior in CVD compared with nonselective suppression of all TP functions with TXA2 biosynthesis inhibitors or TP antagonists.
Cost vs. performance of VaR on accelerator platforms

The computation of value at risk (VaR) can be parallelized to boost performance, but different parallel platforms entail different gains in performance, as well as different costs. This paper explores the cost and performance tradeoffs inherent in the computation of VaR when implemented on different parallel platforms.
Piezo electric sensors for monitoring airport surface movement — A sustainable airport ground traffic management system

This paper outlines the operation principles with the piezo electric sensors for airport surface movement control. This type of sensor enables one not only to essentially reduce power consumption to a level acceptable by sustainable sensor network, but also to perform moving object detection on voltage impulse created by pressure from moving objects, as well as to perform automatic classification of objects according to their weights, speed and direction of movement. The preliminary result of experimental tests on piezo thin film sensor, which is light weight and bears similar physical properties as piezo electric sensor, confirms the predicted operation characteristics, and shows the applicability of piezo electric sensors for monitoring airport surface movement.
Craniofacial and Dental Findings in Cystinosis

OBJECTIVES: Cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder with developmental and mineralization anomalies as part of its clinical presentation. The objective of this study was to provide the first systematic assessment of the craniofacial and dental characteristics associated with cystinosis. STUDY DESIGN: Oral and radiographic evaluations were performed on 73 patients with cystinosis. Analyses of cephalometry (n = 20), taurodontism (n = 47), caries (n = 47), enamel defects (n = 48), soft tissue anomalies (n = 48), and dental age (n = 41) were performed on the cystinosis group, and compared with age- and sexcomparable controls or standards. RESULTS: Cystinosis patients manifested relative mandibular deficiency, an increased facial height, and a reduced airway space. Taurodontism and enamel defects were significantly more prevalent in cystinosis patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.027, respectively). Children (aged <15 years) with cystinosis also demonstrated a significant delay, of almost 9 months, of their dental development (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Novel craniofacial and dental features are associated with cystinosis. Craniofacial deficiencies may influence the swallowing and respiratory complications seen in cystinosis. Renal pathology and associated mineral imbalance may explain the dental root and enamel anomalies found in cystinosis patients; the developmental delays in cystinosis include delayed dental formation. Oral Diseases (2010) 16, 488–495
Threats to sustainability: simulating conflict within and between nations

Violent conflict is increasingly viewed as a factor related to sustainable development. This article argues, based on the well-established theory of lateral pressure originally proposed by Choucri and North in 1975, that the relationship arises because the same factors that affect sustainable development also influence conflict, namely population, technology, resources, military force, and trade and bargaining, while conflict, in turn, affects these variables. The theory is tested with a system dynamics model that includes international as well as domestic violent conflict, calibrated to seven countries in southern Africa and six OECD countries. The results show a number of situations in which conflict is perpetuated in a cycle that is difficult to break.
High hydrostatic pressure modification of whey protein concentrate for improved body and texture of lowfat ice cream

Previous research demonstrated that application of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), particularly at 300 MPa for 15 min, can enhance foaming properties of whey protein concentrate (WPC). The purpose of this research was to determine the practical impact of HHP-treated WPC on the body and texture of lowfat ice cream. Washington State University (WSU)-WPC was produced by ultrafiltration of fresh separated whey received from the WSU creamery. Commercial whey protein concentrate 35 (WPC 35) powder was reconstituted to equivalent total solids as WSU-WPC (8.23%). Three batches of lowfat ice cream mix were produced to contain WSU-WPC without HHP, WSU-WPC with HHP (300 MPa for 15 min), and WPC 35 without HHP. All lowfat ice cream mixes contained 10% WSU-WPC or WPC 35. Overrun and foam stability of ice cream mixes were determined after whipping for 15 min. Ice creams were produced using standard ice cream ingredients and processing. The hardness of ice creams was determined with a TA-XT2 texture analyzer. Sensory evaluation by balanced reference duo-trio test was carried out using 52 volunteers. The ice cream mix containing HHP-treated WSU-WPC exhibited the greatest overrun and foam stability, confirming the effect of HHP on foaming properties of whey proteins in a complex system. Ice cream containing HHP-treated WSU-WPC exhibited significantly greater hardness than ice cream produced with untreated WSU-WPC or WPC 35. Panelists were able to distinguish between ice cream containing HHP-treated WSU-WPC and ice cream containing untreated WPC 35. Improvements of overrun and foam stability were observed when HHP-treated whey protein was used at a concentration as low as 10% (wt/wt) in ice cream mix. The impact of HHP on the functional properties of whey proteins was more pronounced than the impact on sensory properties.
Near-minimum time open-loop slewing of flexible vehicles

Minimum time, open-loop, optimal controls are calculated for single-axis maneuvers of a flexible structure. By shaping the control profiles with two independent parameters, a wide variety of control histories can be pro- duced. Based on the dynamics of the model, with a normalized time scale, the resulting Pontryagin's necessary conditions yield a nonlinear fixed final time, fixed final state, two-point boundary value problem with the maneuver time as a control parameter. Upon generating numerical solutions to the problem, the final maneuver time and residual flexural energy are compared to the bang-bang solution as a measure of the success of a given maneuver. Examples presented illustrate near-minimum time maneuvers with control of flexible modes in addi- tion to the rigid body modes, as well as the qualitative and quantitative effect of the torque shaping parameters. EAR-MINIMUM time attitude control of flexible spacecraft with active vibration suppression is a topic of current research. Although minimum time/fuel maneuvers have been previously examined,1 such bang-bang controls cause spillover effects that may induce high residual flexural energy. The source of the energy spillover into the flexural modes is the instantaneous switching that results from the bang-bang controls, a potential problem for the control hard- ware (reaction wheels, control moment gyros, etc.) as well. Consequently, minimum-time optimal control problems are often of academic interest only for producing theoretical lower bounds for the maneuver time. We have also found that near bang-bang controls are usually very sensitive to model er- rors; therefore, control shaping is an important issue in ob- taining robust controls. Upon modifying the control profile with a smoothing func- tion and transforming the independent variable (time), a near- minimum-time problem is generated with the mathematical form of a fixed-time nonlinear optimal control problem. The resulting boundary-value problem yields to a number of established methods of numerical solution. The controls are attenuated in such a way that the magnitude of the control rises smoothly from zero to the bounded maximum at the in- itiation of the maneuver and typically has an identically shaped reduction to zero at the final time. In addition, any in- stantaneous switch during the maneuver is shaped using a smooth, continuous function. The sharpness of the control trajectory is determined by a set of arbitrary parameters such that we can produce profiles with low control rates as well as controls that approach, to any desired degree, the bang-bang minimum time solution. The independent variable is transformed such that a linear free-final-time optimal control problem is converted to a nonlinear fixed-time problem, where the maneuver time is contained explicitly as a parameter in the transformed system. This augmented fixed-time problem can then be solved numerically for the controls and the corresponding minimum time required to complete the maneuver.
Controlled growth of gallium nitride single-crystal nanowires using a chemical vapor deposition method

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using gold nanoparticles as the catalyst to grow high-quality single-crystal gallium nitride nanowires was developed. This method enables control over several important aspects of the growth, including control of the nanowire diameter by using monodispersed gold clusters, control of the nanowire location via e-beam patterning of the catalyst sites, and control of the nanowire orientation via epitaxial growth ona-plane sapphire substrates. Our work opens up new ways to use GaN nanowires as nanobuilding blocks.
Potato Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Results From Three Prospective Cohort Studies

OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate whether potato consumption is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed data in three cohorts consisting of U.S. male and female health professionals without diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline: 70,773 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (1984–2010), 87,739 women from Nurses’ Health Study II (1991–2011), and 40,669 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2010). Potato consumption was assessed quadrennially using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), and we calculated 4-year change in potato consumption from consecutive FFQs. Self-reported T2D diagnosis was confirmed using a validated supplementary questionnaire. RESULTS During 3,988,007 person-years of follow-up, 15,362 new cases of T2D were identified. Higher consumption of total potatoes (including baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes and french fries) was significantly associated with an elevated risk for T2D: the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of T2D compared with CONCLUSIONS Greater consumption of potatoes, especially french fries, was associated with a higher T2D risk, independent of BMI and other risk factors. Replacement of potatoes with whole grains was associated with a lower T2D risk.
Determination of the ω-->π + π - Decay Amplitude from Photoproduction

Interference between ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}$ and $\ensuremath{\omega}$ photoproduced from carbon, aluminum, and lead has been studied in the $2\ensuremath{\pi}$ decay mode. The branching ratio $\frac{(\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\pi})}{(\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3\ensuremath{\pi})}$ is 2.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.6%. The phase difference between the decay amplitudes $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\pi}$ and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\pi}$ is 63\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 16\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}.
On the Nine Point Conic Associated with a Complete Quadrangle

(1971). On the Nine Point Conic Associated with a Complete Quadrangle. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 261-266.
Improving the Oxidative Stability of Corn and Soybean Oils by Genetic Modification

Plant lipids have a variety of industrial and nutritional uses and are central to plant membrane function and climatic adaptation. These lipids represent a vast array of chemical structures, and these structures determine the physiological and industrial properties of the lipid. Many of these structures result either directly or indirectly from metabolic processes that alter the degree of unsaturation of the lipid.
EMS In a Bulletproof Vest: The Integration of EMS into Active Shooter Scenarios

Recent increases in high-risk situations, such as active shooters, have called for development and advances in law enforcement protocols in order to more proficiently handle these situations. One aspect to these advancements is the incorporation of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) into these situations in order to minimize the delay to life saving medical care on scene. Currently, three levels of on scene medical care exist for these scenarios; tactical medics, Rescue Task Force (RTF), and external treatment. This submission looks further into the role of RTF in active shooter scenarios and their on scene operations.
Responses of Bell's Vireos to brood parasitism by the brown-headed cowbird in Kansas

I studied patterns of cowbird parasitism and responses to this parasitism by Bell's Vireos (Vireo bellii) in Kansas. Bell's Vireos abandoned parasitized nests at a significantly higher rate than unparasitized nests. Lower probability of brood parasitism later in the season may help make abandonment followed by renesting beneficial. Burial of cowbird eggs by vireos was also observed in several cases. I did not detect a strong relationship between nest site vegetation characteristics and the probability of brood parasitism. Received 9 Nov. 1998, accepted 27 May 1999. - Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii) is a well known host of the brood parasitic Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater; Barlow 1962, Mayfield 1965, Franzreb 1987, Brown 1993). The arrival of the cowbird in California in this century (Laymon 1987) has been cited as a major factor causing the severe range restriction and endangerment of the Least Bell's Vireo (V. b. pusillus; Franzreb 1987, 1989; Laymon 1987, Brown 1993). In his re- view Brown (1993) reported that between one third to over one half of all Bell's Vireo nests monitored in California were parasit- ized by cowbirds. High rates of parasitism were also reported in the Great Plains race (V. b. bellii; Barlow 1962, Brown 1993). Al- though declines in Bell's Vireo population have been detected in some areas of the Great Plains by the Breeding Bird Survey (Brown 1993), this species is still at least locally common. The long-term data set (1981- 1997) from my study site shows no decline (Konza Prairie Long Term Ecological Re- search (LTER) Site, data set CBPOl). Sur- veys elsewhere in the region also have de- tected higher Bell's Vireo densities than near- by Breeding Bird Survey routes (Robbins et al. 1992, 1993; M. B. Robbins, pers. comm.). This suggests that cowbird parasitism, de- spite its frequency, may not be causing a rap- id decline in Bell's Vireo on the Great Plains. It is important to study nest success be- cause local population numbers may not re- flect local reproduction (because of source-
Some Basic Cellular Functions

A text on the structure and function of higher plants should include a number of topics which have already been discussed in Jensen’s The Plant Cell in this series. Several of these topics are of such central importance to modern plant physiology (study of plant function) that their complete omission from this volume does not seem justified, even though they are elsewhere discussed. Hence this chapter provides a brief survey of important topics in the cellular physiology of plants. The student, depending upon his previous experience, may consider these either as introduction or as review. The first sections on diffusion and osmosis are relatively complete (more so than in Jensen); remaining sections are somewhat briefer (at least compared to what is known in these areas).
“You Ain’t Black, You’re Cuban!”: Mariels, Stigmatization, and the Politics of De-Racialization (1980–1989)

This chapter captures the impact of monumental events (Mariel Boatlift 1980; US intervention in Central America) on the demographic make-up and economic relations in South Florida, with focus on the racialization of Cuban immigrants. No longer viewed as political “exiles” like their 1960s’ predecessors, many of this decade’s arrivals not only primarily emigrated for the same economic reasons as other Latin American immigrants but also begin to represent the diverse “phenotypes” of the island nation. Using Census data, I underscore the now more vivid racial and economic disparities among Cubans in the region and frame this within the backdrop of racial tensions that occurred between established Cuban exiles and other groups in South Florida (African Americans, Haitians). Like Chap. 3, I complement data with testimonies and personal narratives from Afro-Cuban informants, and find that Cubans, looking engaged in black self-assertion, are repeatedly pressured by local white Cubans that they should engage in “de-racialization,” given that in a racially democratic ideology, racial identities are viewed as divisive.
Problem Behavior Theory and the Transition to Young Adulthood

This chapter provides a summary of the theory and findings of the Young Adult Follow-Up Study, a two-wave, longitudinal research project that followed samples of high school and college youth who had participated, some eight and nine years earlier, in a four-wave longitudinal study. By the time of the second, young-adult data wave, the high school youth had reached the ages of 25, 26, and 27 and the college youth had reached the age of 30. This study, the first application of Problem Behavior Theory in young adulthood, yielded important developmental findings about this phase of the life course and about the theory. With regard to the theory, the cross-sectional, explanatory account it provided of problem behavior in young adulthood was as powerful as it had been in adolescence, accounting again for 40 % to 50 % of the variance. Equally impressive, the theoretical concepts measured in the fourth wave of the earlier longitudinal study, i.e., in adolescence, were strongly predictive of problem behavior variation in young adulthood, almost a decade later. With regard to psychosocial and behavioral development across this transition, several important findings emerged. First, while there was a great deal of change between the two life stages, there was a great deal of continuity and stability in that change. Second, the overall direction of change was toward greater conventionality, a reversal of the direction of change that took place within the adolescent years. Third, problem behavior in young adulthood co-varied just as it did in adolescence and retained its organization as a syndrome. Finally, there was little evidence that involvement in problem behaviors in adolescence, even heavy involvement, had mortgaged the future or compromised the lives of these young people.
Malingnant Eccrine Poroma

Malignant sweat gland tumors are extremely rare, representing less than 0.01 % of all primary skin lesions. Malignant eccrine neoplasms can be divided into two main categories:
Patient Frailty and Discharge Disposition Following Radical Cystectomy.

Abstract Background Patients with bladder cancer who are treated with cystectomy are at high risk for complications and prolonged length of stay. This population tends to be of advanced age with underlying comorbidities, and thus more likely to have decreased physiologic reserve (ie, frailty). Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between frailty and discharge disposition for patients with bladder cancer treated with cystectomy. Materials and Methods Using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, we identified patients with bladder cancer undergoing cystectomy (2011-2014). Our exposure of interest was frailty, based on the 11-point modified Frailty Index (mFI). Patients were deemed robust (mFI = 0), pre-frail (mFI = 0.09-0.18), or frail (mFI ≥ 0.27). Our outcome of interest was discharge disposition defined as home, skilled nursing facility, and rehabilitation dichotomized as home versus non-home for multivariable logistic regression analysis. We then generated predicted probabilities of non-home discharge based on frailty and in-hospital complications. Results Among 4330 patients treated with radical cystectomy, 32.8% were robust, 65.1% were pre-frail, and 2.2% were frail. Overall, 86.2% were discharged home, 4.4% to a rehabilitation facility, and 9.4% to a skilled nursing facility. Frail patients were more likely to be discharged to non-home care (vs. robust, odds ratio, 2.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-4.03), which was independent of whether they experienced a major complication prior to discharge. Conclusion Frailty is a significant predictor of non-home discharge following radical cystectomy. This finding was independent of inpatient complications. These data will assist providers in setting patient expectations and have important implications for allocating postoperative resources.
Collective Approach to Complex Food System Issues, the Case of the Ohio State University.

Urban universities are uniquely positioned to make powerful and lasting contributions to the grand challenge of food security. To better understand the various dimensions related to the university’s role in food systems, this case study explores intentional linkages, significant developments, natural tensions, and emerging impacts at the Ohio State University. Discoveries from this analysis can guide urban university decision makers as they confront complex food system challenges.
Neyman’s Insights

Jerzy Neyman’s contributions to mathematical statistics did not stop with the Neyman-Pearson formulation of hypothesis testing. He was an imaginative prolific thinker who lived into his late eighties. In addition to founding the Department of Statistics at the University of California, Berkeley, he organized a series of seminal conferences (The Berkeley Symposia on Mathematical Statistics and Probability), he encouraged and developed a generation of students who have made their mark on the subject, and he continued to turn out original papers that are a delight to study and that contain strikingly original contributions.
Behavioral Counseling to Promote a Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.

Importance Unhealthful dietary patterns, low levels of physical activity, and high sedentary time increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective To systematically review the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults without known cardiovascular risk factors to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. Data Sources MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PsycINFO for studies published in the English language between January 1, 2013, and May 25, 2016, and ongoing surveillance in targeted publications through March 24, 2017. Studies included in the previous review were reevaluated for inclusion. Study Selection Randomized clinical trials of behavioral interventions targeting improved diet, increased physical activity, decreased sedentary time, or a combination of these among adults without known hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or impaired fasting glucose. Data Extraction and Synthesis Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction by 2 reviewers. Main Outcomes and Measures Cardiometabolic health and intermediate outcomes, behavioral outcomes, and harms related to interventions. Results Eighty-eight studies (N = 121 190) in 145 publications were included. There was no consistent benefit of the interventions on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality or morbidity (4 trials [n = 51 356]) or health-related quality of life (10 trials [n = 52 423]). There was evidence of small, statistically significant between-group mean differences for systolic blood pressure (−1.26 mm Hg [95% CI, −1.77 to −0.75]; 22 trials [n = 57 953]), diastolic blood pressure (−0.49 mm Hg [95% CI, −0.82 to −0.16]; 23 trials [n = 58 022]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (−2.58 mg/dL [95% CI, −4.30 to −0.85]; 13 trials [n = 5554]), total cholesterol level (−2.85 mg/dL [95% CI, −4.95 to −0.75]; 19 trials [n = 9325]), and body mass index (−0.41 [95% CI, −0.62 to −0.19]; 20 trials [n = 55 059]) at 6 to 12 months as well as small-to-modest associations with dietary and physical activity behaviors. There was no evidence of greater incidence of serious adverse events, injuries, or falls in intervention vs control participants. Conclusions and Relevance Diet and physical activity behavioral interventions for adults not at high risk for cardiovascular disease result in consistent modest benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes across 6 to 12 months, including blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, and adiposity, with evidence of a dose-response effect, with higher-intensity interventions conferring greater improvements. There is very limited evidence on longer-term intermediate and health outcomes or on harmful effects of these interventions.
A Growth-Curve Analysis of the Effects of Future-Thought Priming on Insight and Analytical Problem-Solving.

Research based on construal level theory (CLT) suggests that thinking about the distant future can prime people to solve problems by insight (i.e., an “aha” moment) while thinking about the near future can prime them to solve problems analytically. In this study, we used a novel method to elucidate the time-course of temporal priming effects on creative problem solving. Specifically, we used growth-curve analysis (GCA) to examine the time-course of priming while participants solved a series of brief verbal problems. Participants were tested in two counterbalanced sessions in a within-subject experimental design; one session featured near-future priming and the other featured far-future priming. Our results suggest high-level construal may temporarily enhance analytical thinking; far-future priming caused transient facilitation of analytical solving while near-future priming induced weaker, transient facilitation of insightful solving. However, this effect is short-lived; priming produced no significant differences in the total number of insights and analytical solutions. Given the fleeting nature of these effects, future studies should consider implementing methodology that allows for aspects of the time-course of priming effects to be examined. A method such as GCA may reveal mild effects that would be otherwise missed using other types of analyses.
Muscle Memory : Performing embodied knowledge

In this chapter, the author discusses an effort which links several bodies of thought in an attempt to theorize embodied knowledge through choreographic practice. He explains how choreography and performance are modes of research which address questions about embodiment including the corporeal quality of oral speech and, subsequently, the role of oral history as a documentation methodology for dance as an art form. The richness of choreographic representation is augmented through fine-tuning the balance and contrast between communication channels: kinesthetic, verbal, and semantic. In 1994 the author introduces performing excerpts from the collection in a solo performance work titled Muscle Memory. The initial juxtaposition of familiar spatial path/gestural movement and new text provides audiences with a didactic experience of the memory process. Embedding every utterance in social relations provides a frame for the author interest in how choreography functions as a tool in performances of Muscle Memory.
Three Models of Narrative Comprehension in William Stafford's “Traveling through the Dark”: Some Relations between Schemata and Interpretive Context (Part 2)

This article discusses the mechanisms involved in accounting for William Stafford's poem “Traveling Through the Dark.” Part 1 presented the narrative models of Teun van Dijk and William Labov, whil...
Immiscible fluid displacement in a porous media: Effect of surfactants introduced ab initio versus surfactants formed in-situ

Abstract Experiments were performed to study the immiscible displacement of oil from a capillary tube using an aqueous phase fluid. One set of experiments were performed where surfactant was introduced into the aqueous phase liquid at concentrations below the critical micellar concentration prior to displacement, i.e. ab initio. In a second set of experiments surfactant was formed at the interface in-situ via a saponification chemical reaction. For both experiment conditions we measured surface tension using the pendant drop method to estimate adsorption and desorption Biot numbers for the ab initio case; whereas for surfactant produced via chemical reaction this data provided an estimate for rates of change in surface tension that were used to estimate a Damkohler number. The results suggest that surfactants created via saponification reaction tend to have an effect on the interface and film thickness that is entirely absent in non-reactive immiscible displacement experiments.
Impact of camera lens angle and sUAS flying altitude on spatial crop canopy temperature evaluation

Thermal image quality is critical to accurately quantify spatial and temporal growth and stress patterns of field crops. Image quality can be impacted by several factor including environment, flying altitude, and camera focal length. Often times the thermal sensor selection is based upon price or already owned sensor. Metrics are available to select the flight altitude based on thermal sensor for desired ground resolution, however no study have been conducted to provide relative difference in image quality and efficiency of generating a thermal orthomosaic. Therefore, this study was conducted with goal to compare accuracy of canopy temperature quantification and assess the quality of thermal orthomosaic when using thermal sensor of different focal length and image acquisition at varying flying altitudes of a sUAS. Three thermal infrared cameras were selected with focal lengths of 9mm, 13mm, and 19mm. All three cameras were flown at altitudes of 20m, 50m, and 80m, to collect aerial imagery of 7,000 m2 soybeans field. The cameras were mounted on a rotary quadcopter. All flights were conducted at 3 m/s flying speed, and 1 second shutter trigger interval. A ground reference system provided ground truth data for thermometric transformations. Imagery data was compared to assess differences in number of images collected, percentage overlap required for 1 second shutter trigger interval, quality of orthomosaic and accuracy of canopy temperatures. Results show that 13 mm focal length and 50 m altitude result in a finer resolution orthomosaic. The canopy temperatures were quantified accurately regardless of altitude and focal length.
Survey research methods: A guide for creating post-stratification weights to correct for sample bias

Nonrepresentative data pose one of the greatest validity threats in survey research. Samples that are underrepresented and/or overrepresented based on demographic subgroups can introduce bias that distorts both the accuracy and the inferences made about the results. This article discusses the concept of poststratification weighting, a post hoc statistical procedure used to correct for sampling bias in survey research studies. Procedural steps for calculating poststratification weights are presented, and an example involving a simulated cohort of students in a medical school is provided for demonstration purposes. SPSS statistical software coding is presented to help researchers get started with their own calculations of poststratification weights.
Liver Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract Recent investigations have established the existence of robust cross talk between the liver and kidney. These bidirectional interactions mediate deleterious effects of liver disease on the development and progression of kidney disease as well as effects of kidney disease on liver injury and hepatic drug metabolism. Although the full spectrum and consequences of liver/kidney cross talk remains to be elucidated, the clinical relevance of these interactions is clear.
Professional Friendship, Resource Competition, and Collaboration in a Homeless Service Delivery Network

While existing literature on human services interorganizational network has focused on collaboration, networked service providers do compete for the same public and private funding sources. Interor...
Recognition and Care of a Newborn with FXIII Deficiency

Factor XIII is an enzyme that stabilizes the fibrin clot by cross-linking fibrin. Factor XIII deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. Factor XIII deficiency manifests as bleeding symptoms, with normal routine coagulation assays (PT, PTT, fibrinogen). Diagnosis can be made by qualitative and quantitative factor XIII-specific assays. Patients present with variety of bleeding symptoms with the most classic presenting symptom being umbilical cord hemorrhage. Descriptions of mutations and management options are described in detail with a clinical case presentation.
Quantitative Coronary Angiography Can Predict Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients

Purpose Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a leading cause of death and re-transplantation (tx). Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are increasingly used for earlier detection, but lengthen procedure time and cost, and are unsuitable in small children. Coronary angiography is routine in all age groups but may be subjectively interpreted. We hypothesized that serial analysis of quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) is possible in infants and children and may also predict disease progression. Methods Pediatric recipients between Feb 1999 - July 2012 were studied. QCA was performed in two projections of the same region of the right (RCA), left (LCA), and circumflex (Cx) coronary arteries for each study using standard commercially available software. Mean lumen diameter (MLD) was recorded and an average value assigned to each vessel. The first angiogram served as baseline and percentage change from that was determined for each vessel. Only pre-CAV angiograms were reviewed. Included subjects were separated into CAV and NoCAV groups. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare MLD change over multiple observations. Results 16 patients met inclusion criteria for review; there were 9 patients in the CAV group (CAV1+ was eventually diagnosed 9.2±3.7 years post-tx). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to transplant age (TxAge) or gender. CAV subjects showed significant decrements in MLD over time (pl .05), while those with NoCAV demonstrated an increase in diameter. Conclusion QCA can be performed in pediatric patients, even the very young. A decrement in MLD over time appears predictive of future overt CAV by angiography. This quantitative tool could supplant IVUS and OCT in outcome studies at no added cost, procedure time or risk beyond routine coronary angiography.
Midge Larvae ( Diptera: Chironomidae ) as Indicators of Postmortem Submersion Interval of Carcasses in a Woodland Stream: a Preliminary Report

Data on colonization of rat carcasses by aquatic insects in riffle and pool areas of a small woodland stream were obtained to elucidate patterns potentially useful for determining the postmortem submersion interval of corpses in flowing water habitats. After 39 days, the carcasses had no visual signs of deterioration in the absence of large scavenging animals. Midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) were the dominant insects colonizing the carcasses. No patterns in numbers of larvae over time were evident, but the diversity of genera increased after 29 days in the riffle. Also, Orthocladius larvae did not begin to colonize the carcasses until after 13 days of submersion in the riffle and after 20 days of submersion in the pool. Although separated only by 20 m, the riffle and pool rats had dissimilar faunal assemblages. This suggests that different indices for determining the postmortem submersion interval of corpses based on midge larvae colonization should be developed for these two habitats. This investigation does not provide replicated data, but does shed light on what may happen to mammalian carcasses placed in a stream at a particular time of the year.
Highly Multiplexed Single-Cell In Situ RNA and DNA Analysis by Consecutive Hybridization

The ability to comprehensively profile nucleic acids in individual cells in their natural spatial contexts is essential to advance our understanding of biology and medicine. Here, we report a novel method for spatial transcriptomics and genomics analysis. In this method, every nucleic acid molecule is detected as a fluorescent spot at its natural cellular location throughout the cycles of consecutive fluorescence in situ hybridization (C-FISH). In each C-FISH cycle, fluorescent oligonucleotide probes hybridize to the probes applied in the previous cycle, and also introduce the binding sites for the next cycle probes. With reiterative cycles of hybridization, imaging and photobleaching, the identities of the varied nucleic acids are determined by their unique color sequences. To demonstrate the feasibility of this method, we show that transcripts or genomic loci in single cells can be unambiguously quantified with 2 fluorophores and 16 C-FISH cycles or with 3 fluorophores and 9 C-FISH cycles. Without any error correction, the error rates obtained using the raw data are close to zero. These results indicate that C-FISH potentially enables tens of thousands (216 = 65,536 or 39 = 19,683) of different transcripts or genomic loci to be precisely profiled in individual cells in situ.
Abstract 14967: Pregnancy Outcomes in Sickle Cell Disease With Elevated Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure - High Thromboembolic Risk

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) diagnosed by elevated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) is present in 6-11% of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and is associated with incr...
The Volume-Outcome Effect Calls for Centralization of Care in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Results From a Large National Cancer Registry.

Introduction Using the National Cancer Database, we assessed the relationship between facility overall esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) case volume and survival. Methods We categorized facilities into volume quintiles based on annual EAC patient volume and performed a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression between facility patient volume and survival. Results In a cohort of 116,675 patients, facilities with higher vs lower (≥25 vs 1-4 cases) annual EAC patient volume demonstrated improved survival (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.80. 95% confidence interval: 0.70-0.91). Discussion This robust volume-outcome effect calls for centralization of care for EAC patients at high annual case volume facilities.
Effect of print orientation and duration of ultraviolet curing on the dimensional accuracy of a 3-dimensionally printed orthodontic clear aligner design.

Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effect of print orientation and ultraviolet (UV) light curing duration on the dimensional accuracy of a clear aligner design fabricated directly using 3-dimensional (3D) printing. Methods A master clear aligner design file was 3D printed on a stereolithography printer using 3 different build angles with respect to the build platform: parallel (Horizontal), perpendicular (Vertical), and 45° (45-Degree) (n = 10/group). The 45° orientation then was used to print aligners for 3 postprint processing treatment groups: 0 minutes of UV light and heat exposure (No Cure); 20 minutes of UV light exposure at 80oC (20 Minute), and 40 minutes of UV light exposure at 80oC (40 Minute) (n = 10/group). Each part was digitally scanned and superimposed with the input file for 3D deviation analysis. A generalized linear mixed model and post-hoc Tukey contrasts were applied for statistical analysis. Results Difficulties were encountered in optical scanning of 3D-printed aligners, resulting in the exclusion of some samples and the No Cure group from the analysis. The average positive and negative deviations were not statistically significantly different among the print orientations, and postprint processing conditions were analyzed and fell within limits of clinical acceptability (0.250 mm). Color deviation maps illustrated localized areas of dimensional deviation that may affect the clinical utility of the printed aligner design. Conclusions The print orientation and postprint curing duration have little effect on the overall accuracy of the 3D-printed aligner design under the conditions investigated. However, the potential effects of location-specific deviations on the clinical utility of 3D-printed aligners should be considered in future studies.
Do Body-Worn Cameras Change Law Enforcement Arrest Behavior? A National Study of Local Police Departments:

Controlling police officers’ discretionary behavior during public encounters has been an important issue in U.S. policing, especially following several high-profile police-involved deaths of racial...
The Politics of Dress in Somali Culture

Acknowledgments Timeline of Events 1 The Political Symbolism of Dress 2 The Origins of Somali Dress - Prehistory to 1800 3 A Class of Civilizations - 1800 to 1945 4 Dressing the Nation - 1945 to 1991 5 Dress in a Time of Extreme Change - 1991 to 2010 6 The Relevance of History Glossary Appendix A -- Stamps issued in Somalia, 1960-1980 Bibliography Index
Coupled CFD-FEM simulation for the wave-induced motion of a CALM buoy with waves modeled by a level-set approach

Abstract The Finite-Analytic Navier-Stokes (FANS) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code was coupled with an in-house nonlinear finite element (FEM) mooring analysis program, MOORING3D, to study the dynamic responses of a catenary anchor leg mooring (CALM) buoy system in waves. The hydrodynamic loading on the moored buoy was estimated by the CFD module, in which large eddy simulation (LES) was used as the turbulence model. The FANS code was solved in conjunction with the level-set (LS) formulation to model waves. A motion solver in six degrees of freedoms (DoFs) was coupled with the MOORING3D and the CFD to achieve the coupled analysis. Model-scale simulations of free-decay motions of the buoy were performed and validated by experimental comparison. Simulations of the wave-induced motion of the buoy were performed, and the response amplitude operators (RAOs) were compared to experiments. The agreement with experiments manifested the advantages of the coupled CFD-mooring method in addressing viscous and turbulent effects and nonlinear hydrodynamic effects due to free surface. The sensitivity study of the skirt demonstrates the skirt exerting limited influence on the buoy RAOs, which appeared to be dominated by the inertial and viscous effects of the buoy hull. The conclusions demonstrate that the coupled FANS-MOORING3D code provides accurate prediction of wave-induced motion of floating systems.