cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Determination of methotrexate and methotrexate polyglutamates with HPLC

OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method for the determining the methotrexate(MTX) and methotrexate polyglutamates(MTXPG).METHODS Add 10% trichloroacetic acid to the samples and vortex mixed,the protein in the samples was deposited.After centrifugal separation,the ascending clear layer was determined by HPLC with UV(309 nm) detection.All of the compounds were isolated from XTerraTM RP18 5 μm,3.9 mm×150 mm column with mobile phase of methanol and 7.5 mmol·L-1 sodium phosphate(pH 7.3),gradient elution with a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.The sample temperature was 15 ℃.The column temperature was 30 ℃.RESULTS The retention time of MTXPG5,MTXPG4,MTXPG3,MTXPG2,MTX was 3.194,4.147,5.488,6.738,8.063 min;The linearity range of calibration curves of MTXPG5-2, MTX was 1.562 5-400 μmol·L-1;The recovery of MTXPG5-2, MTX was 89.01%-105.54%(RSD5%);The limit of detection was 0.01 μmol·L-1(S/N3);The whole operation can be finished in less than 9 minutes.CONCLUSION This method is sensitive,rapid,accurate and simple.
Survey on TB patients′health-seeking behaviors and their influence factors under TB control model of designated hospitals

Objective To find out TB patients′health-seeking behaviors and their influence factors under TB control model of designated hospitals,and to provide the reference frame for developing national guidance for designated hospitals. Methods Managers and operational staff from the health administrative departments,TB dispensaries and medical institutions in six pilot areas of designated hospitals model,were recruited to attend individual interview in June 2010.Then,the quantitative survey was conducted for TB patients′health-seeking behaviors. Results TB patients′healthseeking behaviors were easy to be influenced by many factors,such as national/local policies,service quality of medical institutions,patients′ TB knowledge,economic burden,misleading of other institutions/persons,etc. Conclusions We should pay attention to factors related to TB patients′ health-seeking behaviors and improve them to make TB patients′health-seeking behaviors on the track of TB work.
Substance P Regulates I h via a NK-1 Receptor in Vagal Sensory Neurons of the Ferret

Jafri, M. Samir and Daniel Weinreich. Substance P regulates I h via a NK-1 receptor in vagal sensory neurons of the ferret. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 769–777, 1998. Substance P (SP) hyperpolarizes ∼80% ...
Outcomes of Post Mastectomy Radiation Therapy in Patients Receiving Axillary Lymph Node Dissection After Positive Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

Purpose We sought to determine the rate of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) among women treated with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) after positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy results and to establish the effect of negative ALND results and PMRT on locoregional recurrence (LRR) and overall survival (OS). Methods and Materials All patients were treated with mastectomy and ALND after positive SLN biopsy results. All patients had clinical N0 or NX disease at the time of mastectomy and received no neoadjuvant therapy. The presence of lymphovascular space invasion, presence of multifocality, number of positive SLNs and non-SLNs, clinical and pathologic stage, extranodal extension, age, and use of PMRT were evaluated for significance regarding the rates of OS and LRR. Results A total of 345 patients were analyzed. ALND after positive SLN biopsy results was negative in 235 patients (68.1%), and a total of 112 patients (32.5%) received radiation therapy. On multivariate analysis, only pathologic stage III predicted for lower OS (hazard ratio, 3.32; P P =.009). In patients with negative ALND results, ≥3 positive SLNs predicted for an increase in LRR on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 10.10; P =.034). Conclusions A low proportion of cT1-2, N0 patients with positive SLNs who undergo mastectomy receive PMRT after ALND. Even in this low-risk cohort, patients with ≥3 positive SLNs and negative ALND results are at increased risk of LRR and may benefit from PMRT.
A revised interpretation of the Pennsylvanian flexible crinoid Zenocrinus zeus (Echinodermata)

Moore and Strimple described the Morrowan (Lower Pennsylvanian, Bashkirian) crinoid Zenocrinus zeus, and noted significant differences in the number and arrangement of plates in the posterior interray between the holotype and the paratype, the only known specimens. A reexamination of the type specimens allowed for a reconciliation of these discrepancies. The new interpretation of Z. zeus necessitates a revision of the diagnosis, and a new plate diagram is proposed. Additional morphological features of the species are described, including the presence of a generating columnal between the column proxistele and mesistele, and a ratcheting profile for the exterior surfaces of calyx ray plates.
Management of Renal Artery Injuries from External Trauma

We reviewed the records of 27 patients with main renal artery injury admitted to our hospitals from 1959 through June 1986. Before 1969, 7 patients were hospitalized of whom 4 had nonsurgical management with total loss of function of the affected kidney, 2 had immediate nephrectomy and 1 died before treatment. Despite the nonfunctioning kidney no hypertension developed in 3 of the 4 patients followed for an average of 72 months. After 1969 when immediate radiological assessment and surgical management of main renal artery injuries were instituted 20 patients were hospitalized. Of 4 patients treated nonoperatively loss of function of the affected kidney resulted and hypertension occurred in 1, necessitating delayed nephrectomy, after an average followup of 3.5 months. Immediate nephrectomy was performed in 10 patients and vascular repair in 3. In both survivors who underwent vascular repair followup at 24 and 36 months, respectively, showed no hypertension but loss of approximately half of the function of the affected kidney. The other 3 patients died before treatment. Aggressive management reduced markedly the time from injury to diagnosis from a median of 48 hours before 1969 to 5 hours after 1969 but only a small number of patients were suitable for vascular repair, and this procedure did not restore complete function to the kidney.
A simple technique for growing large, optically “perfect” ice crystals

La rge, sing le ice crys ta ls conta ining no a ir bubbles a nd fr ee of b o th sm a ll- a ng le g r a in bo undaries a nd visibl e stress birefrin ge nce ca n b c g rown using a y e r y simple g r owth c h a mbe r w ithin a te mpera ture-contro ll ed , o ute r e nclosure. The m e thod reli es upon th e sp ont a neous fo rma ti on of a n ice c r ys ta l with its (axis accurately n o rma l to a li Te . sli g htl y supercooled, \I 'a te r surface.
The Comparative Testing of Eight Coded Chemicals in the Rat Limb Bud Micromass and Rat Embryo Culture Systems

When cultured at high density, mesenchymal cells from rat limb buds proliferate and differentiate into chondrocytes. Inhibition of this in vitro chondrogenic process has been used for the prelimina...
The Campus as a Living Laboratory: Macalester College Case Study

All higher education campus buildings and grounds can be studied, analyzed and even manipulated for research and education. However, higher education faculty do not typically use their own campus as a living laboratory. At most institutions, a student’s education does not link to the local context, and students are unaware of an institution’s sustainability footprint. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of one living laboratory case study at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. This paper describes Macalester College’s living laboratory program and the classes, independent studies, and academic internships that have used the living laboratory approach. The schools’ program strengths and weaknesses are analyzed by using the “Eight Elements to Building a Living Lab” framework identified by the Sustainability Education and Economic Development (SEED) Center’s “The Campus as a Living Laboratory” guidebook. Recommendations to improve the living laboratory program are also included.
Imaging of Laser Therapy in Epilepsy.

Background and purpose MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is an increasingly popular neuroablative method for the surgical treatment of epilepsy patients. This article intends to demonstrate the utility and pitfalls of imaging in the context of patient care with MRgLITT. Material and methods A retrospective review of the medical records and imaging database with six illustrative cases selected to demonstrate the use of imaging throughout patient management with MRgLITT in diverse clinical situations and pathologies. A review of the knowledge in the literature was applied to the relevant points discussed. Results Imaging findings were described in the setting of laser therapy in nonlesional epilepsy, mesial temporal sclerosis, dual pathology, periventricular nodular heterotopia, and schizencephaly. Discussion of imaging principles, potential pitfalls, as well as its use in the patient work-up and follow-up, is shown. Conclusions MRgLITT is an alternative minimally invasive therapy for refractory epilepsy, which is becoming widely sought for. Imaging plays a crucial role prior to, during, and after the procedure.
Adverse drug events reported by rural older adults.

Abstract Adverse drug events (ADEs) impact the health and safety of older adults. ADEs may lead to unplanned medical visits that influence health and related costs. The purpose of this study was to explore ADEs reported by rural, community-dwelling older adults. Data were collected on 138 participants' demographics, physical and mental health, sleep, medications, and ADEs. One or more ADEs were reported by 48% of participants, including central nervous symptom disturbances (16%), dry mouth (12%), hoarseness, gastrointestinal irritation, and decreased libido (all 8%). Poor sleep and poor physical health were associated with higher reported ADEs ( p
The Female Athlete Body (FAB) study: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics.

Background Eating Disorders (EDs) are serious psychiatric illnesses marked by psychiatric comorbidity, medical complications, and functional impairment. Research indicates that female athletes are often at greater risk for developing ED pathology versus non-athlete females. The Female Athlete Body (FAB) study is a three-site, randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to assess the efficacy of a behavioral ED prevention program for female collegiate athletes when implemented by community providers. This paper describes the design, intervention, and participant baseline characteristics. Future papers will discuss outcomes.
Initial Behavior of an Exploding Wire

The nonlinear circuit equations describing the initial phase of an exploding wire are considered. It is shown that the solution for any arbitrary variation of the wire resistance with the internal energy satisfying certain smoothness requirements can be represented by a single integral curve in the resistance—charge plane. Maclaurin series expansions of the current function and the logarithm of the resistance function for the case of linear variation of the wire resistance with the internal energy are presented in powers of the elapsed time after switch-on. The coefficients which appear in these expansions are obtained exactly and recurrently, using the basic circuit equations and the initial conditions during switch-on. The present results are compared with the approximate expressions described by F.D. Bennett.
Decentralized multi-robot allocation of tasks with temporal and precedence constraints

We present an auction-based method for a team of robots to allocate and execute tasks that have temporal and precedence constraints. Temporal constraints are expressed as time windows, within which...
Primary care provider-reported participation in breast cancer treatment decision making.

78Background: Surgical treatment decisions for early-stage breast cancer patients are complex and often involve discussions with multiple oncology providers. However, with the increasing adoption o...
Comparing apples to oranges: short-term mortality after surgery versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States (US) with 224,390 new cases and 158,080 deaths estimated in 2016 (1). For patients with early stage (stage IA–IIA) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), surgical resection provides the best chance for cure (2). In the past decade, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as an alternate to surgical therapy for high medical risk patients with localized disease. Multiple analyses, including meta-analyses and Markov decision models, have suggested oncologic outcomes comparable to resection in medically inoperable patient populations with regard to locoregional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival (3-9). However, the data regarding short-term outcomes, including morbidity and mortality due to treatment, is limited.
Natural History of Atherosclerosis

Perhaps the three features most characteristic of atherosclerosis are lipid accumulation, abnormal growth of smooth muscle, and thrombotic occlusion. This review will focus on the role of smooth muscle proliferation in the atherosclerotic process and will attempt to identify key questions relevant to the ultimate conversion of a benign, smooth muscle lesion into a progressive and fatal, vaso-occlusive lesion.
Performance modeling of parallel algorithms for solving neutron diffusion problems

Neutron diffusion calculations are the most common computational methods used in the design, analysis, and operation of nuclear reactors and related activities. Here, mathematical performance models are developed for the parallel algorithm used to solve the neutron diffusion equation on message passing and shared memory multiprocessors represented by the Intel iPSC/860 and the Sequent Balance 8000, respectively. The performance models are validated through several test problems, and these models are used to estimate the performance of each of the two considered architectures in situations typical of practical applications, such as fine meshes and a large number of participating processors. While message passing computers are capable of producing speedup, the parallel efficiency deteriorates rapidly as the number of processors increases. Furthermore, the speedup fails to improve appreciably for massively parallel computers so that only small- to medium-sized message passing multiprocessors offer a reasonable platform for this algorithm. In contrast, the performance model for the shared memory architecture predicts very high efficiency over a wide range of number of processors reasonable for this architecture. Furthermore, the model efficiency of the Sequent remains superior to that of the hypercube if its model parameters are adjusted to make its processors as fast as thosemore » of the iPSC/860. It is concluded that shared memory computers are better suited for this parallel algorithm than message passing computers.« less
Nation-States, Transnational Spaces, and Family Linkages

The global transformations of the latter part of the twentieth and early ­twenty-first centuries have been accompanied by critical debates about the role of the nation-state and its relationship to its citizens. As globalization has given rise to new types of concerns and problems, the lines between formerly distinctive realms of decision-making have blurred. Many of today’s issues require for states and governments, at various levels, to interact with other organizations and institutions that are public and private in order to achieve their goals (Castles and Miller 2003). Despite transformations in the very nature, mechanisms, and goals of nation-states, families remain intimately tied to their activities. In a globalizing world, family issues with respect to migration, the aging of populations, changes in men’s, women’s, and children’s roles, and declines in fertility become hotly debated political focal points, and are intricately related to policy decisions. In contrast to the past, however, as nation-states respond to these social dynamics, they are also increasingly bound to powerful transnational forces that may sway them in new and, at times, unpopular directions.
Risk of total knee arthroplasty in young and middle-aged adults with ankylosing spondylitis

The objective was to determine the risk of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in young and middle-aged adults with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We computed arthroplasty rates among US Medicaid recipients age 18 to 64 with AS and a comparison group without AS from 1999 to 2011. Among 14,714 patients with AS and 2,932,641 patients without AS, rates of primary TKA were 1.82-fold higher (95% confidence interval 1.57, 2.10) among patients with AS. The risk of primary TKA is elevated in young and middle-aged adults with AS.
Correction of Recalcitrant Cicatricial Lower Lid Retraction and Entropion With Transverse Tarsotomy and Tarsoconjunctival Flap.

Purpose To describe a novel technique to correct cicatricial lower lid entropion and retraction using a transverse lower lid tarsotomy with an interposed tarsoconjunctival flap posterior lamellar spacer. Methods Technique description and retrospective interventional case series. Results Four patients underwent the procedure-two with complications following treatment of sinonasal carcinoma and two with complications following orbital fracture repair. All patients had failed prior posterior lamellar spacer grafts, including donor sclera, dermis-fat graft, and hard palate mucosa. Average time to flap takedown was 20 (11-28) days, with an average follow-up interval of 8.4 (6.2-11.5) months. All patients had resolution of lower lid entropion and significant improvement of lower lid retraction with an average of 2.8 mm (2.0-4.3) of elevation. There were no serious complications, and all patients reported significant improvement in ocular surface symptoms. Conclusions Transverse tarsotomy combined with a tarsoconjunctival flap is effective for the correction of cicatricial lower lid retraction and entropion in eyelids that have failed surgery with traditional posterior lamellar spacer grafts.
Casino Ownership and Health-Related Community Resources Among Native American Tribes in California.

Introduction Casinos are significantly associated with improved health among some Native Americans living on tribal lands. An increase in health-related community resources related to tribal ownership of casinos may be one mechanism through which the health of Native Americans is improved. However, no studies have quantitatively assessed whether casinos are associated with having more community resources. Methods To investigate the association between casino ownership and health-related community resources among Native Americans, we surveyed 81 of California's 110 federally recognized tribes about casino ownership and health-related community resources during 2015 and 2016. We created a total health-related community resources score (maximum of 50 points) by grouping resources into 5 subdomains (community infrastructure, health care and education, social determinants, recreational infrastructure, and recreation programs), which we scored for a maximum of 10 points each and then summed. Casino ownership was our independent variable. We used adjusted linear regression models to test the association between casino ownership and health-related community resources. Results Half (49%) of the tribes surveyed owned a casino. Compared with tribes without casinos, tribes with casinos had higher total health-related community resource scores (β = 5.09; 90% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-9.01). Casino-owning tribes had more resources related to community infrastructure (β = 1.81; 90% CI, 0.81-2.80), social determinants of health (β = 1.45; 90% CI, 0.24-2.67) and recreational infrastructure (β = 1.08; 90% CI, 0.24-1.92) compared with tribes without casinos. Conclusions Casino ownership is significantly associated with health-related community resources. Future research should assess whether community resources mediate the relationship between economic resources and health among Native Americans.
Testing the geocentric axial dipole hypothesis using regional paleomagnetic intensity records from 0 to 300 ka

Abstract Absolute and relative geomagnetic paleointensity records reveal variations in geomagnetic dipole strength, either via averaging time series of virtual axial dipole moments, or through formal inversion strategies like the penalized maximum likelihood (PML) method used for the PADM2M (Paleomagnetic Axial Dipole Moment for 0–2 Ma) model. However, departures from the most basic geocentric axial dipole (GAD) structure are obvious on centennial to millennial time scales, and paleomagnetic records from igneous rocks suggest small deviations persist on million year time scales. Spatial variations in heat flow at the core–mantle boundary (inferred from large low shear velocity provinces, LLSVPs) are widely suspected to influence both the average geomagnetic field and its regional secular variation. Long term departures from a GAD configuration should be visible from regional differences in paleointensity reconstructions. We use a PML method to construct time-varying models of regional axial dipole moment (RADMs) from a combined set of absolute and relative paleointensity data, and compare results from the last 300 kyr. RADMs are created from sediment records selected from specific latitude and longitude bands. We also test whether grouping records lying above each of the 2 major LLSVPs (centered on Africa and the Pacific) produce RADMs that are distinct from those above regions lacking anomalous seismic structure. Systematic differences appear in the various regional results. In the most recent part of the record regional differences are broadly similar to the Holocene, CALS10k.1b, time-varying geomagnetic field model spanning 0–10 ka. However, lack of Southern hemisphere records prevents direct confirmation of the hemispheric asymmetry present in CALS10k.1b in both average virtual axial dipole moment and its variability. As expected, the 300 kyr RADMs exhibit greater overall temporal field variability than is seen over 0–10 ka. Average RADM is higher in the Pacific and in Equatorial regions than in the Atlantic and in mid–high latitude northern hemisphere regions. Higher average RADMs are associated with lower overall field variability and less pronounced excursional signatures. Notably, the lower variability in the Pacific sector seen here (defined by either longitude band or LLSVP location) suggests that the modern low paleosecular variation there extends over at least the past few hundred thousand years. RADMs identified with LLSVPs show systematic deviations from the non-LLSVP group of records, with distinct characteristics for the African and Pacific provinces. The African LLSVP generates more pronounced RADM minima associated with geomagnetic excursions, and in general paleointensity decreases associated with excursions occur first in the Atlantic longitude sector and over the African LLSVP.
Multimodal Displays for Take-over in Level 3 Automated Vehicles while Playing a Game

Take-over is one of the most crucial user interactions in semi-automated vehicles. To make better communication between driver and vehicle, research has been conducted on various take-over request displays, yet the potential has not been fully investigated. The present paper explored the effects of adding auditory displays to visual text. Earcon and speech showed the best performance and acceptance with spearcon the least. This study is expected to provide the basic data and guidelines for future research and design practice.
The Use of Enhanced Recovery Pathways in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The use of enhanced recovery protocols is now accepted as standard of care for patients with benign or malignant conditions undergoing colorectal surgery. This chapter describes evidence supporting the use of enhanced recovery pathways for patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing colorectal surgery.
77-OR: First Human Study Testing the iLet, a Purpose-Built Bionic Pancreas Platform

The Gen3 iLet (iLet) is a purpose-built, fully integrated, bionic pancreas (BP) platform that can operate in a bihormonal, insulin-only, or glucagon-only mode and can receive data from the Dexcom G5 or the Senseonics Eversense implanted CGM. We performed a random-order, cross-over, outpatient study comparing the insulin-only mode of the iLet to usual care (UC) for 7 days each as a bridge from past studies using the BP algorithm on an iPhone connected wirelessly to an insulin pump. The study enrolled adults with T1D who used either MDI (n=12) or CSII (n=22) for their UC. Participants enrolled at Massachusetts General Hospital (n=17) used the Eversense while those at Stanford (n=17) used the G5 as the input CGM signal for the iLet. There was no statistically significant difference between the iLet and UC in % time Disclosure R.Z. Jafri: None. C.A. Balliro: None. J. Sherwood: None. M. Hillard: None. L. Ekhlaspour: None. L. Hsu: None. R. Selagamsetty: Employee; Self; Beta Bionics. Other Relationship; Self; Boston University. J.R. Costik: Board Member; Self; Nightscout Foundation. Employee; Self; Beta Bionics. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Ortho Clinical Diagnostics. J. Sloane: None. B.A. Buckingham: Advisory Panel; Self; ConvaTec Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Profusa, Inc. Consultant; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. Research Support; Self; Beta Bionics, ConvaTec Inc., Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Medtronic MiniMed, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; Insulet Corporation, Tandem Diabetes Care. F. El-Khatib: Employee; Self; Beta Bionics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Beta Bionics. E. Damiano: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. Board Member; Self; Beta Bionics. Employee; Self; Beta Bionics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Beta Bionics. Stock/Shareholder; Spouse/Partner; Beta Bionics. Other Relationship; Self; Ascensia Diabetes Care, Senseonics. S.J. Russell: Advisory Panel; Self; Companion Medical, Unomedical a/s. Consultant; Self; Flexion Therapeutics. Research Support; Self; Beta Bionics, MITRE Corporation, Novo Nordisk A/S, Zealand Pharma A/S. Other Relationship; Self; ADOCIA, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Lilly Diabetes, Roche Diabetes Care, Senseonics. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (UC4DK108612)
Improved forecasts of influenza-associated hospitalization rates with Google Search Trends

Reliable forecasts of influenza-associated hospitalizations during seasonal outbreaks can help health systems better prepare for patient surges. Within the USA, public health surveillance systems c...
On Samir Amin’s call for a Fifth International

In his prodigious output, from works on capitalist development to analyses of Islamist movements to involvement in the World Social Forum, Samir Amin’s was a consistent voice for struggle against capitalism’s domination of the world and its peoples. In this brief essay I address his call for a shift from movement to organization, indeed, toward a kind of Fifth International (Amin 2018a) and explain why I endorse it.
“Who’s gonna love a junkie? But he does”: Exploring couples’ identity negotiations and dyadic coping in the context of opioid use disorder:

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a leading cause of accidental death in the U.S., and people with OUD may rely on romantic partners to dyadically cope with their illness. Guided by the communication th...
Preparation of a Bacteriophage T4-based Prokaryotic-eukaryotic Hybrid Viral Vector for Delivery of Large Cargos of Genes and Proteins into Human Cells

A viral vector that can safely and efficiently deliver large and diverse molecular cargos into cells is the holy grail of curing many human diseases. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been extensively used but has a very small capacity. The prokaryotic virus T4 has a large capacity but lacks natural mechanisms to enter mammalian cells. Here, we created a hybrid vector by combining T4 and AAV into one nanoparticle that possesses the advantages of both. The small 25 nm AAV particles are attached to the large 120 nm x 86 nm T4 head through avidin-biotin cross-bridges using the phage decoration proteins Soc (small outer capsid protein) and Hoc (highly antigenic outer capsid protein). AAV thus "piggy-backed" on T4 capsid, by virtue of its natural ability to enter many types of human cells efficiently acts as a "driver" to deliver large cargos associated with the T4 head. This unique T4-AAV hybrid vector approach could pave the way for the development of novel therapeutics in the future.
MESOSCALE METEOROLOGY | Waterspouts

This article is reproduced from the previous edition, volume 6, pp 2510–2525, © 2003, Elsevier Ltd.
The Bus Incident

This case is based on the real incidents occurring in Oakland, California in the fall of 2013. The case was adapted to occur within a school setting, and the schools and district noted within are e...
Assessing the Scholarly Reach of Terman's Work.

Lewis M. Terman’s Genetic Studies of Genius stands as one of the landmark studies of the 20th century in the educational and psychological sciences. This longitudinal study of individuals in the to...
Patients with ineffective esophageal motility benefit from laparoscopic antireflux surgery

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting more than 50% of Americans. The development of GERD may be associated with ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). The impact of esophageal motility on outcomes post laparoscopic antireflux surgery (LARS), including quality of life (QOL), remains to be defined. The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare QOL outcomes following LARS among patients with and without ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). This is a single-institution, retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of patients who underwent LARS, from January 2012 to July 2019, for treatment of GERD at our institution. Patients undergoing revisional surgery were excluded. Patients with normal peristalsis (non-IEM) were distinguished from those with IEM, defined using the Chicago classification, on manometric studies. Four validated QOL surveys were used to assess outcomes: Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Health-Related QOL (GERD-HRQL), Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Health-Related QOL (LPR-HRQL), and Swallowing Disorders (SWAL) survey. 203 patients with complete manometric data were identified (75.4% female) and divided into two groups, IEM (n = 44) and non-IEM (n = 159). IEM and Non-IEM groups were parallel in age (58.1 ± 15.3 vs. 62.2 ± 12 years, p = 0.062), body mass index (27.4 ± 4.1 vs. 28.2 ± 4.9 kg/m2, p = 0.288), distribution of comorbid disease, sex, and ASA scores. The groups differed in manometry findings and Johnson–DeMeester score (IEM: 38.6 vs. Non-IEM: 24.0, p = 0.023). Patients in both groups underwent similar rates of Nissen fundoplication (IEM: 84.1% vs. Non-IEM: 93.7%, p = 0.061) with greater improvements in dysphagia (IEM: 27.4% vs. 44.2%) in Non-IEM group but comparable benefit in reflux reduction (IEM: 80.6% vs. 72.4%) in both groups at follow-up. There were no differences in postoperative outcomes. Satisfaction rates with LARS were similar between groups (IEM: 80% vs. non-IEM: 77.9%, p > 0.05). Patients with ineffective esophageal motility derive significant benefits in perioperative and QOL outcomes after LARS. Nevertheless, as anticipated, their baseline dysmotility may reduce the degree of improvement in dysphagia rates post-surgery compared to patients with normal motility. Furthermore, the presence of preoperative IEM should not be a contraindication for complete fundoplication. Key to optimal outcomes after LARS is careful patient selection based on objective perioperative data, including manometry evaluation, with the purpose of tailoring surgery to provide effective reflux control and improved esophageal clearance.
Making the case for time-of-use electric rates to boost the value of battery storage in commercial buildings with grid connected PV systems

Abstract We performed a techno-economic analysis of behind-the-meter photovoltaics (PV) coupled with lithium-ion battery storage under a flat rate and a time-of-use (TOU) rate for commercial buildings using HOMER Grid software. Unique contributions from this work include determining the impact that the battery degradation limit has on the cost-effectiveness of the system, and demonstrating the impact of tariff rates using high-resolution real load data of commercial buildings with different energy usage during a project lifetime of 25 years. From the results, we found that delaying the replacement of the battery has a substantial economic benefit for the system owner. Letting the battery degrade to 50% of initial capacity is comparable to a 30% reduction in the battery capital cost during the lifetime of the project because the battery will be replaced only once instead of twice lowering the Net Present Cost. The ability of a given building to benefit from solar-plus-storage depends on the degradation limit and tariff structure, but it does not depend strongly on the load pattern and size. We conclude that TOU tariffs would promote more rapid cost-effective adoption of PV systems with batteries in commercial buildings in the upcoming years.
Rising Cost of Thyroid Surgery in Adult Patients.

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to describe the economic trends in adults who underwent elective thyroidectomy. Methods We performed a population-based study utilizing the Premier Healthcare Database to examine adult patients who underwent elective thyroidectomy between January 2006 and December 2014. Time was divided into three equal time periods (2006-2008, 2009-2011, and 2012-2014). To examine trend in patient charges, we modeled patient charges using generalized linear regressions adjusting for key covariates with standard errors clustered at the hospital level. Results Our study cohort consisted of 52,012 adult patients who underwent a thyroid operation. During the study period, the most common procedure changed from a thyroid lobectomy to bilateral thyroidectomy. Over the study period, there was an increase in the proportion of completion thyroidectomies from 1.1% to 1.6% (P Conclusions Despite recent changes in thyroid surgery practices to decrease the economic burden of hospitals, costs continue to rise 4.3% annually. Additional prospective studies are needed to identify factors associated with this increasing cost.
Modeling of Diffusion of Acetone in UiO-66

Highly porous zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely studied as materials for sorption and destruction of chemical warfare agents (CWAs). It is important to understand the...
Radikale Innovationen und Forschungsorganisation: Eine Annäherung

On the basis of broad empirical investigations the authors present a study of 28 institutions to which major discoveries in the bio-medical sciences can be ascribed in contrast with hundred institutions doing 'normal science'. Some factors turned out to be of major significance for the probability to come to a 'major break-through'. They include hybridity of the cognitive domains, 'integrated' or 'organic' structures within an institution, a high degree of horizontal communication structures among its members and well defined goals.
On the origin of paramagnetic inhomogeneity effects in whole blood.

Asymmetric 7 T proton NMR signals of water in RBC suspensions containing intracellular deoxyhemoglobin are composites of chemically shifted extracellular and intracellular resonances broadened by gradient diffusion and modulated by transmembrane water exchange. This allows assessment of field dependences of acute hematoma intensities in proton MRIs at lower field strengths ( <1.5 T). © 1991 Academic Press, Inc.
Liver Transplantation in Short Telomere-Mediated Hepatopulmonary Syndrome Following Bone Marrow Transplantation Using HCV Positive Allografts: A Case Series

Short telomere syndromes (STS) are the most common premature aging disorders; mutations in telomerase and other telomere maintenance genes underlie their etiology(1). Their biology is defined by short telomere length which provokes senescence and apoptosis, leading to organ failure. The majority of STS are autosomal dominant, but X-linked, de novo and recessive forms exist.
Challenges to the Cross-Species Study of Rhetoric

This chapter anticipates some challenges to a cross-species paradigm, and shares some challenges it’s already had to deal with. These include the general hurdles of an ambitious interdisciplinary project, like the struggle to serve multiple masters and still be an expert, which is a challenge every project of this scope has to address. More specific to this particular study are challenges that arise from the strong urge in many humanistic disciplines to denounce science, a general human nature, or animal similarity in the late-twentieth century, or the strong urge in Western religion and philosophy to draw distinct lines between one species and all of the other species (which it ironically then groups into equal categories of the human and the animal).
Pulmonary blastoma

We describe a resected pulmonary blastoma in an 84-year-old male, the oldest of previously reported patients. A chest X-ray showed a 2 cm-sized abnormal shadow in the left lung field. Five months later computed tomography demonstrated a well-demarcated heterogenous mass, measuring 12 cm in diameter, in the left lower lobe of the lung. This mass was diagnosed as a carcinoma using echo-guided percutaneous biopsy. The patient underwent a left lower lobectomy. The resected specimen revealed the tumor to be a pulmonary blastoma arising from lung tissue. Preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma is extremely difficult because of the histological heterogeneity of tumor. Since it has been noted that pulmonary blastoma rapidly progresses in a short period of time, surgical treatment should be undertaken as quickly as possible when such a tumor is suspected.
Modeling Dyadic Trajectories: Longitudinal Changes in Sexual Satisfaction for Newlywed Couples

Using a longitudinal dataset of 117 married couples without children spanning the first three years of marriage, we investigated trajectories of sexual satisfaction for both spouses using a novel Dyadic Latent Growth Model approach that distinguishes the communal sexual experience and the systematic differences in experience between partners. It also recognizes that there may be systematic variation in trajectories over couples. We showed how this approach can be used to predict couple-level sexual experience from couple-level marital satisfaction shortly after marriage. Partners’ sexual satisfaction was well represented at the dyadic level; there was a dyad-level decline in sexual satisfaction over the first three years of marriage, but also systematic variation around that average pattern. Level of dyadic marital satisfaction at Time 1 predicted the level of sexual satisfaction over three years, but not the systematic variation in the slope. Intra-dyad contrast of marital satisfaction at Time 1 predicted analogous contrasts of sexual satisfaction, but the strength of this association diminished over time. We discuss theoretical benefits of considering partners as couples rather than individuals.
EZH2 Knockout in Oral Cavity Basal Epithelia Causes More Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinomas.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (oral SCC) is an aggressive disease and despite intensive treatments, 5-year survival rates for patients have remained low in the last 20 years. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), part of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is highly expressed in human oral SCC samples and cell lines and has been associated with greater epithelia-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. Here we developed a tamoxifen-regulated, transgenic mouse line (KcEZH2) in which EZH2 is selectively knocked out (KO) in some tongue epithelial basal stem cells (SCs) in adult mice. EZH2 KO SCs do not show the H3K27me3 mark, as assessed by double-label immunofluorescence. We used this mouse line to assess EZH2 actions during oral tumorigenesis with our immunocompetent 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) model of oral SCC. We report that higher percentages of mice with invasive SCCs and high-grade neoplastic lesions are observed in mice containing EZH2 KO SCs (KcEZH2-2TΔ and KcEZH2-5TΔ mice). Moreover, EZH2 expression does not correlate with the expression of markers of invasive SCCs. Finally, EZH2 KO cells that are E-cadherin+ are present at invasion fronts infiltrating underlying muscle tissue. Our findings indicate that the knockout of EZH2 in basal SCs of tongue epithelia results in more aggressive carcinomas, and this should be considered when targeting EZH2 as a therapeutic strategy.
Determinants of acute care discharge in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

CONCLUSIONS In adults with COPD basic mobility scores on the AM-PAC "6-clicks" measure completed at discharge had the best sensitivity and specificity for predicting discharge to home and need for rehab services.
Bioengineering methods for myocardial regeneration

Abstract The challenging task of heart regeneration is being pursued in three related directions: derivation of cardiomyocytes from human stem cells, in vitro engineering and maturation of cardiac tissues, and development of methods for controllable cell delivery into the heart. In this review, we focus on tissue engineering methods that recapitulate biophysical signaling found during normal heart development and maturation. We discuss the use of scaffold–bioreactor systems for engineering functional human cardiac tissues, and the methods for delivering stem cells, cardiomyocytes and engineered tissues into the heart.
Transitions Model: Melding of Psychotherapy and Palliative Care Using Teams

This article explains a hospital palliative model called the Transitions and Palliative Care Therapy (TPCT) and provides data. In addition, the Geriatric Interdisciplinary Team Treatment (GITT) program, using its experience with hospice and research based knowledge, applied key principles of teamwork to enhance the TPCT team approach. GITT was applied to TPCT for 1 year. The TPCT model is a transitions counselors–based model that is a hospital-centered, interdisciplinary consult service, with a focus on the patient and the family. It employs master's level counselors and mid-level providers, with a much smaller group of palliative care physicians who supervise mid-level practitioners and provide medical input and leadership. Outcomes evaluated were hospital cost, family and staff satisfaction, and number of consults that led to de-escalating treatment. In all cases the GITT model was effective; it assisted with improved cost, better satisfaction, and an increased number of consults.
New constraints on timing of Hidalgoan (Laramide) deformation in the Parras and La Popa basins, NE Mexico

The Parras and La Popa basins of northeastern Mexico together contain at least three separate types of structures that were active during Maastrichtian through Early Eocene time. These structures include salt diapirs and salt welds, E-W trending anticlines detached within the Campanian Parras shale, and large NW-SE trending anticlines detached within the Jurassic salt layers. The oldest halokinetic structure, the La Popa salt weld, began to form by Late Aptian time. This structure is parallel to the later NW-SE contractional folds, but it pre-dates regional contraction. The earliest dated contractional structures in the Sierra Madre Oriental are E-W trending folds and faults found east of the La Popa syncline. These structures were active only briefly during the deposition of the lower Maastrichtian Muerto Formation. Very similar east-west structures in the northern Parras Basin contain growth strata of upper Maastrichtian and Paleocene age. Folding of upper Paleocene beds indicates that this shortening continued into the Eocene. Very Large amplitude NWSE trending anticlines in La Popa Basin also formed due to regional contraction, and they clearly re-fold the shallow-detached E-W set. Regional evidence suggests that all contractional deformation ceased around 40 Ma. Salt withdrawal may have continued after the cessation of contractional deformation. The contractional deformation in these basins is similar in structural style to the Sevier orogen in the U. S. A., but it is later and of shorter duration than the Sevier orogeny; it is time-equivalent to the Laramide orogeny, but it differs significantly from the Laramide structural style. Thus, the Mexican orogenic system differs from the U. S. A. orogens. This uniqueness was recognized by Guzman and De Cserna (1963) who named this deformational event in Mexico the Hidalgoan orogeny.
Auditing the quality of care of a crisis center

The purpose of this paper is twofold: First, it defines and describes different types of audits and areas of patient care which lend themselves to a quality of performance review. Second, it describes an audit application at a hospital-based crisis intervention center and the corrective action taken on the basis of the findings. The major emphasis of the audit was to determine the quality of medical-psychiatric consultation and to develop criteria for its initiation.
Data topology visualization for the Self-Organizing Map

The Self-Organizing map (SOM), a powerful method for data mining and cluster extraction, is very useful for processing data of high dimensionality and complexity. Visualization methods present different aspects of the information learned by the SOM to gain insight and guide segmentation of the data. In this work, we propose a new visualization scheme that represents data topology superimposed on the SOM grid, and we show how it helps in the discovery of data structure.
A closer examination of Fresnel and Fraunhofer regions in the scalar wave diffraction theory

The regions of validity for both the Fresnel and the Fraunhofer diffraction regions are examined. The neglected phase terms in the general formalism of scalar diffraction theory are attributed to the secondary Huygens's sources over the aperture and a geometrical argument leads to an equation of a curve defining the Fresnel region. It is found that the boundary profile of the cone-like Fresnel region is a slowly varying function of three-fourths the power of z, the direction of wave propagation. Both the Fresnel and the Fraunhofer regions are deduced from a simple phase error criterion and we find them to be the solids of rotation bounded by the z to the three-fourths power curve. >
Integral Urbanism by Nan Ellin

Nan Ellin, Integral Urbanism (New York: Routledge, 2006).Suddenly, we are overflowing with urbanisms in this first urban century. There’s new urbanism, which evolved from neotraditionalism. New urb...
Primed in situ labeling (PRINS) for evaluation of gene deletions in cancer.

Rearrangements involving the 13q14 and 17p13 chromosomal regions are often observed in leukemias and lymphomas. These rearrangements are not always identifiable cytogenetically. In more than 50% of cases, deletions occur at the submicroscopic level and the karyotypes appear normal. Molecular cytogenetic techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have accordingly contributed to the identification of a variety of subtle rearrangements such as those involving submicroscopic deletions. However, FISH is expensive, time consuming, technically burdensome, and requires cloned DNA probes. A newer technique, primed in situ labeling (PRINS), has been tested as a possible alternative to FISH. To assess the utility and efficiency of the PRINS method in the detection of RB1 and p53 deletions, we evaluated 10 patients with hematological disorders and known rearrangements, i.e., deletions involving 13q14 and 17p13 regions. The data in these cases were validated against data obtained with standard FISH probes. Our results indicate that PRINS could be used with relative ease in cytogenetics laboratories and could serve as an alternative to conventional FISH for defining deletions involving unique sequences. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.