cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ambient Power Density and Electric Field From Broadband Wireless Emissions in a Reverberant Space

With broadband wireless communications networks currently being deployed in ships, aircraft, and other confined, reflective structures, it is necessary to assess the electromagnetic environment (EME) created by these radio-frequency emissions in a reverberant space. The resultant ambient power density and electric field may be identified as a cause of electromagnetic interference to co-located electronic equipment. In this study, we measure and characterize the EME created by emissions from a broadband IEEE 802.11n wireless local area network (WLAN) in a reverberation chamber mock-up of a shipboard below-deck space. The interaction between the wide-bandwidth power spectral density of the communications signal and the highly frequency-selective channel of the reverberant space leads to average ambient power density and average ambient electric field that exhibit very small spatial variation. This spatial uniformity in average field results from integration of the received signal power spectral density across the wide frequency bandwidth. The peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the received wireless signal is derived from time-dependent power waveform statistics measured by a real-time spectrum analyzer. A maximum electric field is computed from the peak received power. Previously, the maximum electric field was assessed using continuous-wave (CW) signal transmission and mechanical mode stirring in the reverberant space. For a given total power radiated into the space, it is shown that maximum electric fields obtained from these two approaches are in good agreement.
On Veblen-Wedderburn Systems

(1957). On Veblen-Wedderburn Systems. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 64, No. 9, pp. 631-635.
Comparison of lipopolysaccharides and soluble CD14 measurement between clinically endotoxaemic and nonendotoxaemic horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Clinically useful biomarkers are needed for early identification of endotoxaemic horses. Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is amplified early in response to inflammatory signals, including bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and may prove a useful biomarker for clinical endotoxaemia. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine if sCD14 could serve as a more reliable biomarker of the clinical signs of endotoxaemia, compared to measuring LPS alone. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational study in horses at a veterinary teaching hospital. METHODS Plasma samples were collected from 20 healthy horses and 35 horses presenting for emergency evaluation. Horses were classified as clinically endotoxaemic, using previously established criteria, if they had a heart rate >70 beats/min, packed cell volume >45% and/or a lesion likely to result in endotoxaemia. Soluble CD14 was measured using a cytometric bead-based assay and LPS was measured using a Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. RESULTS Soluble CD14 was higher in horses classified as clinically endotoxaemic (median 1102 ng/ml, interquartile range 439 ng/ml), compared to clinically nonendotoxaemic (median 692 ng/ml, interquartile range 455 ng/ml, P = 0.03. There was no difference in LPS concentrations between clinically nonendotoxaemic (median 5.4 endotoxin units [EU]/ml, interquartile range 5 EU/ml) and endotoxaemic horses (median 7.2 EU/ml, interquartile range 17 EU/ml, P = 0.2). There was no correlation between sCD14 and LPS values in paired serum samples. LPS and sCD14 values were used to generate a receiver operating characteristic curve. The area under the curve for LPS and sCD14 was <0.7, suggesting that sCD14 and LPS were poor predictors of clinical endotoxaemia for the horses in this study. CONCLUSIONS Further investigation is warranted to assess the utility of sCD14 measurement as a clinically useful biomarker to identify endotoxaemia in horses.
Engineering Plasmon-Enhanced Au Light Emission with Planar Arrays of Nanoparticles

By systematically investigating the light emission and scattering properties of arrays of Au nanoparticles with varying size and separation, we demonstrate tunability and control of metal photoluminescence and unveil the critical role of near-field plasmonic coupling for the engineering of active metal nanostructures. We show that the decay of photoexcited electron–hole pairs into localized surface plasmons (LSPs) dramatically modifies the Au emission wavelength, line shape, and quantum efficiency depending both on particles size and separation. In particular, in arrays with near-field coupled nanoparticles we demonstrate broad light scattering and emission spectra that scale differently with respect to nanoparticle size due to the enhanced LSP nonradiative decay caused by near-field interparticle coupling. Our experimental results are fully supported by semianalytical extinction simulations based on rigorous coupled wave analysis, which demonstrate the importance of tuning plasmonic near-field coupling f...
Contraceptive Use and Uptake of HIV-Testing among Sub-Saharan African Women.

Despite improved availability of simple, relatively inexpensive, and highly effective antiretroviral treatment for HIV/AIDS, the disease remains a major public health challenge for women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Given the numerous barriers in access to care for women in this region, every health issue that brings them into contact with the health system should be optimized as an opportunity to integrate HIV/AIDS prevention. Because most non-condom forms of modern contraception require a clinical appointment for use, contraception appointments could provide a confidential opportunity for access to HIV counseling, testing, and referral to care. This study sought to investigate the relationship between contraceptive methods and HIV testing among women in SSA. Data from the Demographic and Health Survey from four African countries—Congo, Mozambique, Nigeria, and Uganda—was used to examine whether modern (e.g., pills, condom) or traditional (e.g., periodic abstinence, withdrawal) forms of contraception were associated with uptake of HIV testing. Data for the current analyses were restricted to 35,748 women with complete information on the variables of interest. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between uptake of HIV testing and respondents' baseline characteristics and contraceptive methods. In the total sample and in Mozambique, women who used modern forms of contraception were more likely to be tested for HIV compared to those who did not use contraception. This positive association was not demonstrated in Congo, Nigeria, or Uganda. That many women who access modern contraception are not tested for HIV in high HIV burden areas highlights a missed opportunity to deliver an important intervention to promote maternal and child health. Given the increasing popularity of hormonal contraception methods in low-income countries, there is an urgent need to integrate HIV counseling, testing, and treatment into family planning programs. Women on hormonal contraceptives should be encouraged to continue to use condoms for HIV-prevention.
Nested Codes in Opportunistic Scheduling Model

This paper introduces the concept of opportunistic scheduling in a nested coding system. In this scheme, adaptive rate nested codes are used according to channel conditions in order to increase the transmission load of the link while maintaining a good channel condition. In this way, network capacity is no longer constrained by the worst link, and the overall throughput of wireless networks is increased. Simulation shows that compared to traditional non-opportunistic scheduling nested coding, opportunistic scheduling nested coding increases throughput and reliability of single relay multicast relay networks.
Redox-Dependent Calcium-Mediated Signaling Networks That Control the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype

Cellular senescence has evolved as one of the protective mechanisms to arrest the growth of cells with oncogenic potential. While senescent cells lose the ability to divide, they remain metabolically active and adapt a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP is central to the progression of several age-associated disease pathologies perpetuated by inflammation. A key modulator of SASP is the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) whose expression and activity is responsive to the senescence-associated (SA) oxidant production and the accompanying disruption of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. Members of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channel family control cellular Ca2+ and are sensitive to activation by steady state hydrogen peroxide (ss-H2O2). This study aims at determining the molecular identity of the Ca2+ channel(s) that control the activity of the SASP regulator IL-1α. Using primary IMR-90 human fetal lung fibroblasts as a cellular senescence model, we have begun to explore the likely channel responsible for increased Ca2+ entry in senescent cells. We establish the idea that the redox-responsive TRPM2/TRPC5 channel activity is compromised during senescence due to desensitization by increased ss-H2O2 and TRPC6 channel activity is elevated to compensate for this loss of H2O2-responsive channel activity, thereby modulating SA dysregulation of Ca2+. We hypothesize that modification of this Ca2+ channel in the senescent cells can limit the downstream processing and regulation of IL-1α thereby reversing the SASP. This can establish a new paradigm of communication between the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytosolic Ca2+ and nuclear IL-1α in senescence. Also, IL-1 α and TRPC6 have been shown to be independently regulated by mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, a nutrient sensing pathway involved in regulation of aging processes. Overall, these studies identifying the TRPC6-mediated IL1α regulatory loop in senescence have the potential to identify new therapeutic approaches that limit the disease promoting properties of senescent cells without impairing their ability to defend against oncogenic insult.
Structuring evolution: biochemical networks and metabolic diversification in birds

Recurrence and predictability of evolution are thought to reflect the correspondence between genomic and phenotypic dimensions of organisms, and the connectivity in deterministic networks within these dimensions. Direct examination of the correspondence between opportunities for diversification imbedded in such networks and realized diversity is illuminating, but is empirically challenging because both the deterministic networks and phenotypic diversity are modified in the course of evolution. Here we overcome this problem by directly comparing the structure of a “global” carotenoid network – comprising of all known enzymatic reactions among naturally occurring carotenoids – with the patterns of evolutionary diversification in carotenoid-producing metabolic networks utilized by birds. We found that phenotypic diversification in carotenoid networks across 250 species was closely associated with enzymatic connectivity of the underlying biochemical network – compounds with greater connectivity occurred the most frequently across species and were the hotspots of metabolic pathway diversification. In contrast, we found no evidence for diversification along the metabolic pathways, corroborating findings that the utilization of the global carotenoid network was not strongly influenced by history in avian evolution. The finding that the diversification in species-specific carotenoid networks is qualitatively predictable from the connectivity of the underlying enzymatic network points to significant structural determinism in phenotypic evolution.
“Cover Me”: Rolling Stone Coverage of Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, 1973-2007

This study investigated how a hugely influential magazine, Rolling Stone, has covered one of popular music’s biggest icons in order to discover how the magazine fixes public memory and thereby creates celebrity. It examined how the magazine’s coverage of Springsteen changed over time; whether it corresponded to events in his career or personal life; what subjects it dealt with; the location, size and general tone of articles; and what recurring themes characterized coverage. Examined in the study were the magazine’s 387 articles about Springsteen and the E Street Band from their first mention in the magazine on March 15, 1973, until their most recent on June 1, 2007, when it reported that the group would reunite for an album and tour. A complete list of articles pertaining to them was obtained from the Asbury Park Public Library, home to a Springsteen collection including more than 4,915 holdings, such as books, song books, tour books, comic books, magazines, fanzines, Internet articles and academic articles and papers. Several major themes emerged in the coverage. His concerts were given a nearly monumental status, and his reputation as a live performer was regarded as nearly unparalleled. He was portrayed as a man who never lost his connection to his fans and his working-class roots despite his massive success. Later, he became the voice of the downtrodden and marginalized. The magazine’s coverage did not reflect the negativity that appeared in other places. Through its editorial decisions, Rolling Stone affected public memory of Springsteen. By taking a laudatory stance on him from the beginning and building upon that over the course of his career while at the same time downplaying controversies, the magazine presented a one-sided picture of him. This approach to coverage ultimately changed little during thirty-four years of coverage. By occupying its position as the premier American music magazine, Rolling Stone had the ability to make its version of him the legitimate, generally accepted one.
Realistic assessment of building power supply resilience for information and communications technologies systems

This paper explores in a quantitative way the technical, economic and regulatory implications related to building power supply resilience in information and communications technology (ICT) systems. This analysis is placed into context of resilience expectations from regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC), and from government and private entities, such as the U.S. National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) or the San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR), interested in improving community resilience. This analysis builds on previously discussed definitions and metrics in order to support the discussion with quantitative assessments. This analysis considers dependency of ICT systems on electric power grids as the fundamental issue concerning resilience. Thus, the discussion focuses on electric power supply of ICT facilities and sites. This work is also supported by practical observations and evidence from field damage assessments conducted shortly after several past notable natural disasters.
Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of the Highly Strained (−)-Presilphiperfolan-8-ol via a Pd-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization

A rare element of high strain in molecules of natural origin is a 1,2-trans fusion of 5-membered rings within a [3.3.0]-bicycle, a motif present in (−)-presilphiperfolan-8-ol. This molecule also possesses a 1,3-trans stereochemical arrangement of substituents on one of its 5-membered rings, a pattern shared by a number of other terpenes. Herein, we disclose the first total synthesis of this highly strained target in 13 steps. The key operation is a Pd-catalyzed tandem cyclization that directly establishes the requisite 1,3-trans stereochemical arrangement on one ring while concurrently setting the stage for the controlled generation of the highly strained 1,2-trans ring fusion of the final architecture.
A High-Throughput Screening Model of the Tumor Microenvironment for Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth:

The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the processes of tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. We have used a multilayered 3D primary cell culture model that reproduces the human ovarian cancer metastatic microenvironment to study the effect of the microenvironment on the pharmacological responses of different classes of drugs on cancer cell proliferation. A collection of oncology drugs was screened to identify compounds that inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells growing as monolayers or forming spheroids, on plastic and on a 3D microenvironment culture model of the omentum metastatic site, and also cells already in preformed spheroids. Target-based analysis of the pharmacological responses revealed that several classes of targets were more efficacious in cancer cells growing in the absence of the metastatic microenvironment, and other target classes were less efficacious in cancer cells in preformed spheres compared to forming spheroid cultures. These findings show that both the cellular context of the tumor microenvironment and cell adhesion mode have an essential role in cancer cell drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to perform screens for new drugs using model systems that more faithfully recapitulate the tissue composition at the site of tumor growth and metastasis.
Emotional Intelligence in the Interior Design Context

This study seeks to initiate the emotional intelligence (EI) conversation within the context of interior design (ID) education and practice by expanding the body of knowledge in relation to ID students' EI and to place these observations in context with the EI of other university students. This study involved two aspects of research, an original component spanning two years that studied the EI of ID students utilizing the 33-item self-report Assessing Emotions Scale (Schutte, Malouff, Hall, Haggerty, Cooper, Golden, & Dornheim, 1998) and, secondly, a comparison of ID students' test scores with ten other existing studies of college students. The findings demonstrated that ID students possess a statistically higher level of EI than their university student counterparts. The possibilities for future research involving EI and ID are numerous, with significant potential impact in the areas of design thinking, design process, project and personnel management, job satisfaction, perceived job control, job commitment, entrepreneurism, stress management and burnout, internship development, and possibly gender differences. EI training could be of particular interest to both educators and practitioners alike as they seek to train the next generation of leading designers. For educators, EI could prove particularly important as they seek to prepare students for the realities of entry-level design positions as well as set their sights on long-term leadership positions where they will be expected to manage multiple disciplines, people, and projects simultaneously. For practitioners, understanding of EI can provide insight regarding leadership and team dynamics in addition to becoming aware of the potential differences in EI between disciplines.
Chemopreventive efficacy of curcumin-loaded PLGA microparticles in a transgenic mouse model of HER-2-positive breast cancer

Curcumin has shown promising inhibitory activity against HER-2-positive tumor cells in vitro but suffers from poor oral bioavailability in vivo. Our lab has previously developed a polymeric microparticle formulation for sustained delivery of curcumin for chemoprevention. The goal of this study was to examine the anticancer efficacy of curcumin-loaded polymeric microparticles in a transgenic mouse model of HER-2 cancer, Balb-neuT. Microparticles were injected monthly, and mice were examined for tumor appearance and growth. Initiating curcumin microparticle treatment at 2 or 4 weeks of age delayed tumor appearance by 2–3 weeks compared to that in control mice that received empty microparticles. At 12 weeks, abnormal (lobular hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma) mammary tissue area was significantly decreased in curcumin microparticle-treated mice, as was CD-31 staining. Curcumin treatment decreased mammary VEGF levels significantly, which likely contributed to slower tumor formation. When compared to saline controls, however, blank microparticles accelerated tumorigenesis and curcumin treatment abrogated this effect, suggesting that PLGA microparticles enhance tumorigenesis in this model. PLGA microparticle administration was shown to be associated with higher plasma lactic acid levels and increased activation of NF-κΒ. The unexpected side effects of PLGA microparticles may be related to the high dose of the microparticles that was needed to achieve sustained curcumin levels in vivo. Approaches that can decrease the overall dose of curcumin (for example, by increasing its potency or reducing its clearance rate) may allow the development of sustained release curcumin dosage forms as a practical approach to cancer chemoprevention.
Studying the impact of religious symbols on domestic violence prevention in India: applying the theory of reasoned action to bystanders' reporting intentions

ABSTRACTUsing the theory of reasoned action (TRA), the study examines the process of religious beliefs, social norms and attitudes toward women to predict people's intentions to intervene when confronted with domestic violence. Drawing from a nationwide sample in India and the religion of Hinduism, the structural equation modeling (SEM) findings show support for the hypothesized models. The religious symbol primed one's level of religiosity, generating positive ad attitudes and intentions to report domestic violence. For both ads, beliefs in gender equality and social norms about helping were critical to reporting intentions. More importantly, the study extends the TRA by showing religion's relevance in public service persuasion. The study provides both theoretical and managerial implications as well as avenues for future research.
Imaging strategy and outcome following partial nephrectomy.

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of surveillance after partial nephrectomy (PN) in a single institution and the relevance of imaging studies in detecting recurrence. Material and methods Retrospective study of 830 patients who underwent PN for localized renal cell carcinoma between 2007 and 2015 at a single institution. We studied the characteristics of recurrence according to pathological and clinical features and elaborated risk groups. The type and the total number of imaging studies performed during surveillance or until recurrence were evaluated. Outcomes of surveillance were analyzed. Results There were 48 patients (5.8%) diagnosed with recurrence during median 36 [21–52] months follow-up, including local recurrence in 18 patients (37.5%) and metastasis in 30 patients (62.5%). Totally, 17/18 patients (94.4%) with local recurrence and 26/30 patients (86.6%) with metastasis were diagnosed within the first 36 months after PN. When studying the recurrence rate, and time-to-recurrence, 2 risk groups emerged. Patients with pathological characteristics (tumors with pT1b or higher or high-grade tumor or positive surgical margin status) or patients with anatomical characteristics (high or moderate R.E.N.A.L. score) or both had high recurrence rate. Chest x-ray and abdominal ultrasound detected 7.7% and 3.4% of all recurrences, respectively, whereas computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging scan detected the rest. Of the 48 patients diagnosed with recurrence, 44 (91.6%) were suitable for secondary active treatment (systemic, surgery, and radiotherapy) including 26 (54.2%) suitable for metastasectomy. The rate of relapse after secondary treatment was 43.5% (16.6% for the local recurrence group and 60.7% for metastasis group). Conclusion Local recurrence emerges earlier than distant metastasis. Patients with any adverse pathological or anatomical features should be considered as high-risk group and followed closely in the first 36 months after PN with cross-sectional studies. Secondary active treatment is suitable for most patients, while surgical treatment fits fewer patients. Local recurrence is associated with increased rates of metastatic progression.
Promoting DNP-PhD collaboration in doctoral education: Forming a DNP project team

As the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree continues to evolve, challenges exist with the scholarly project. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) has set forth guidelines for the DNP project (2015), however, at this point there is variation with respect to the structure of the DNP project team. This is particularly important given the: 1) growing number of DNP students; 2) need to foster scholarship; and 3) necessity for ensuring rigor of this degree (Waldrop, Caruso, Fuchs & Hypes, 2014). An opportunity exists to establish a project team that promotes scholarly formation, collaboration, and efficiency. Therefore, this paper describes purposefully pairing DNP-Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) faculty as part of the DNP project team. Collaboration among DNP-PhD-prepared faculty guides DNP student formation and fosters a community of scholars, yet little has been reported specifically addressing the pairing of DNP-PhD faculty on DNP student projects. Benefits of this collaborative approach are presented and may be helpful for other colleges of nursing.
Abstract 204: Cardiovascular Mortality and Non-fatal Cardiovascular Events After Diagnosis of Acute Aortic Syndrome

Background: Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) includes aortic dissection (AD), intramural hematoma (IMH) and penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU) and confers high rates of aortic related events. However, the r...
Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Changes in Body Image, Quality of Life, and Self-Esteem Following Minimally Invasive Cosmetic Procedures.

Background Minimally invasive cosmetic injectable procedures are increasingly common. However, a few studies have investigated changes in psychosocial functioning following these treatments. Objective To assess changes in body image, quality of life, and self-esteem following cosmetic injectable treatment with soft tissue fillers and neuromodulators. Methods Open, prospective study of 75 patients undergoing cosmetic injectable procedures for facial aging to evaluate changes in psychosocial functioning within 6 weeks of treatment. Outcome measures included the Derriford appearance scale (DAS-24), body image quality of life inventory (BIQLI), and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Results Body image dissatisfaction, as assessed by the DAS-24, improved significantly 6 weeks after the treatment. Body image quality of life, as assessed by the BIQLI, improved, but the change did not reach statistical significance. Self-esteem was unchanged after the treatment. Conclusion Minimally invasive cosmetic injectable procedures were associated with reductions in body image dissatisfaction. Future research, using recently developed cosmetic surgery-specific instruments, may provide further insight into the psychosocial benefits of minimally invasive procedures.
Millennial University: Today's Learners – Tomorrow's Leaders

This study focuses on engagement and retention of Millennial students, who comprise 41% of the potential student population and are the largest generation since the Baby Boomers to enter higher education.
Intraparticle Charge Delocalization through Conjugated Metal-Ligand Interfacial Bonds: Effects of Metal d Electrons †

Intraparticle charge delocalization occurs when metal nanoparticles are functionalized with organic capping ligands through conjugated metal-ligand interfacial bonds. In this study, metal nanoparticles of 5d metals (Ir, Pt, and Au) and 4d metals (Ru, Rh, and Pd) were prepared and capped with ethynylphenylacetylene and the impacts of the number of metal d electrons on the nanoparticle optoelectronic properties were examined. Both FTIR and photoluminescence measurements indicate that intraparticle charge delocalization was enhanced with the increase of the number of d electrons in the same period with palladium being an exception.
Update on signal inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The last decade has seen major progress in our understanding of the pathobiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and the identification of potential new therapeutic targets. As a result, researchers have developed novel targeted therapies, several of which are already approved and many of which are in advanced stages of clinical development. These new agents are much less toxic than chemoimmunotherapy and may be preferred for their superior efficacy in patients with certain high-risk features, such as del(17p). The place of these therapies in CLL management is becoming better defined, and they are gradually replacing traditional forms of chemoimmunotherapy. This review provides an update on the clinical data regarding various signal transduction inhibitors in CLL.
Elder Law Issues and Recent Developments 2016-2017

These materials are part of the 2017 LSU Recent Developments CLE. The paper includes recent ethical developments; scam and abuse prevention and reporting; recent developments in mandate and interdiction; recent developments in Louisiana's medical consent law, recent developments in living wills and advance directives; recent developments with anatomical gifts and bodily remains; tax; and recent developments in criminal law.
111In-Pentetreotide Scintigraphy Versus 68Ga-DOTATATE PET: Impact on Krenning Scores and Effect of Tumor Burden

Eligibility for somatostatin receptor (SSTR) radionuclide therapy uses the qualitative Krenning score based on 111In-pentetreotide planar scintigraphy as was performed in the NETTER-1 trial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using SSTR PET-based Krenning score in comparison to 111In-pentetreotide. Methods: This was a post hoc head-to-head comparison of 68Ga-DOTATATE-based and 111In-pentetreotide-based Krenning scores in 150 patients included in a prospective phase 2 study (NCT01967537). Patients were imaged using 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, 111In-pentetreotide planar scintigraphy, and SPECT/CT within 1 wk. SSTR ligand uptake was graded using the Krenning score independently by 3 readers. Results: The detection rate of SSTR-expressing disease (Krenning scores 2-4) was 23%, 38%, and 72% with planar imaging, SPECT, and SSTR PET, respectively. The Krenning score was higher with SSTR PET (2.71 ± 1.74) than with planar imaging (0.75 ± 1.37; P < 0.001) or SPECT (1.23 ± 1.57; P < 0.001). In patients with a Krenning score of at least 3 on SSTR PET, the detection rate of planar imaging and SPECT was lower for lesions smaller than 2 cm than lesions 2 cm or larger: 15% and 24% versus 78% and 89%, respectively (P < 0.001). For lesions larger than 5 cm, Krenning scores between SSTR PET and 111In-pentetreotide were nearly equivalent. Lesion size did not have an impact on SSTR PET Krenning scores. Interreader agreement was higher for SSTR PET than for planar imaging or SPECT (0.79 vs. 0.67 and 0.50, respectively). Conclusion: SSTR PET results in higher Krenning scores than 111In-pentetreotide, particularly when lesions measured 2 cm or less. Small lesion size resulted in low Krenning scores using 111In-pentetreotide, but lesion size did not affect SSTR PET-based Krenning scores. The results of the NETTER-1 trial cannot be directly applied to patients with small lesions. Further study of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with small lesions negative on 111In-pentetreotide imaging and positive on SSTR PET is warranted.
Power, Ruse, and Resistance in Societies of Control: Canguilhem on Algeria, the Republic, and Education

This chapter shows that after Canguilhem became the premier French historian and philosopher of science in 1955, he remained a political philosopher deeply concerned with his historical moment. His systematization of Alain’s political thought during the Algerian war testifies to this and suggests the importance of both for later French political thought. I focus, however, on Canguilhem’s uses of Alain in his analyses of this colonial and civil war and other dangers of the postwar period. Central here is his reflection on the importance of rusing, whether in pursuit of justice or attempts to manipulate public belief. Against such manipulations, he defended the importance of education, exemplified through his essay on the role of experience and adventure, that is to say, error, in life.
Relevance of wind stress and wave-dependent ocean surface roughness on the generation of winter meteotsunamis in the Northern Gulf of Mexico

Abstract Meteotsunamis associated with passing squall lines are often observed ahead of cold fronts during the winter in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Winter meteotsunamis occur simultaneously with wind speed variations (~5–20 m/s) and sea-level atmospheric pressure oscillations (~1–6 hPa) with periods between several minutes to 2 h. In order to enhance understanding of meteotsunami generation and propagation, the Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system is applied to one of the most intense winter meteotsunamis measured in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during the decade 2009–2018. The model, verified with sea level and atmospheric observations, is able to reproduce the timing and intensity of the wind at 10 m elevation and sea level atmospheric pressure fluctuations. The mean bias between observed and measured wind speeds and atmospheric pressure are 1.73 m/s and 0.63 hPa, respectively. The maximum meteotsunami elevation and its timing are successfully captured with a 7% underestimation of the maximum elevation. The relative effect of atmospheric pressure and wind stress on meteotsunami generation is assessed with different numerical simulations. Results indicate that both wind stress and atmospheric pressure changes contributed to the generation of the meteotsunami. Wind stress was the dominant force in shallow waters (
P075 STI and HIV infections among MSM reporting exposure to gonorrhea or chlamydia: implications for expedited partner therapy

Background Expedited partner therapy (EPT) is not recommended for U.S. men who have sex with men (MSM), due, in part, to concerns that STI and HIV infections may remain undiagnosed in EPT-treated partners who do not seek medical attention. To estimate how often infections might be missed, we assessed bacterial STI and new HIV diagnoses among MSM presenting as contacts to Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC). Methods MSM attending New York City sexual health clinics are routinely tested for HIV, syphilis, and urogenital and extra-genital Ct and GC. We measured the number and percent of visits, during 2016–2018, with diagnoses of new HIV infection, or alternate/additional bacterial STI, among MSM who had: reported contact to STI, a clinician diagnosis of contact to GC or CT, and no reported contact to syphilis. Results A total of 3,549 MSM had 4,390 visits eligible for analysis. Overall, 14.6% (640/4,390) visits resulted in bacterial STI diagnoses other than those to which exposure was reported. Among MSM-visits for exposure to Ct-only, 12.4% (177/1,430) resulted in GC diagnoses (including 81 rectal GC infections). Syphilis was diagnosed at 4.4% (159/3,652) of visits for Ct or GC exposure (49 primary/secondary, 49 early latent, 61 late latent). Twenty-eight new HIV diagnoses were made (3 acute, 25 non-acute infections); 8 among visits for Ct-only exposure, 20 for GC exposure. Conclusion MSM reporting contact to Ct or GC, have other, concurrent bacterial STI that will be inadequately treated with therapy directed at only the STI to which they report exposure. A substantial number of HIV infections may remain undiagnosed if sex partners to MSM with Ct and GC do not receive HIV testing. Opportunities to offer HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis may also be missed. Our findings support examining and testing MSM exposed to Ct or GC rather than using EPT. Disclosure No significant relationships.
CT phantom with 3D anthropomorphic, contrast-enhanced texture

Physical phantoms with realistic anatomical texture and composition (including contrast media) are of high value and relevance in evaluating the performance of clinical computed tomography (CT) imaging systems. They can offer assessments of image quality in a manner that is more relevant than existing phantoms. The goal of this project was to fabricate anatomically structured 3-D liver texture with added contrast-enhancement. The study used an inkjet printer and customized ink. Patient-informed liver texture with contrast details was first defined computationally and the needed material for each tissue type was estimated for each voxel to produce attenuations from -200 to +300 HU, with subtle 5-20 HU lesions. Volumetric data were printed, one sheet of paper at a time, using “soft tissue” ink based on 200mg/cc sodium bromide (NaBr), and “enhanced tissue” ink based on Isovue-300. The phantom was scanned on a commercial CT system (Siemens SOMATOM Definition Flash) using a clinical protocol. The results show targeted heterogeneity and enhancement as designed with subtle artifacts associated with uneven air contamination. In ongoing work, we plan to use this method to create anatomically and morphologically accurate liver and lung lesions with texture for use in dual energy CT.
Is Consulting in Your Future

Nurses' expertise, developed over time and through education, positions them to assume new careers such as independent nurse consultants. Although it's an exciting proposition, nurses may not understand what it means to be a consultant, know whether consulting is a good fit for them, or be familiar with how to establish and run a consulting business. This article defines consulting, discusses key competencies, and presents important considerations for starting and running a consulting business. Selected resources to assist in developing skills as a nurse consultant are also provided.
Vibrating reed magnetometer studies of superconducting and magnetic materials

Applications of sensitive vibrating reed magnetometry to a variety of superconducting and magnetic materials are reviewed. The advantages of conducting vibrating reed studies of small single crysta...
Entertainment-Education Versus Extremism: Examining Parasocial Interaction among Arab Viewers of Anti-ISIS TV Drama

Radicalization amongst youth is a challenge facing the Arab world. Recent reports indicate that over 20,000 Arab fighters traveled to join ISIS in Iraq and Syria and another 5-15 percent of millennials across seven Arab countries consider some violent extremist groups to be on the right path. In response, Arab countries have experimented with entertainment-education (E-E) by using anti-extremism narratives in popular culture to address radicalization at the societal level. This study explores whether those narratives can elicit viewers’ parasocial interaction (PSI)—pseudo friendships with or animosity toward mediated personas that can catalyze persuasion—with fictional characters. Using qualitative and quantitative content analyses of more than 8,600 YouTube comments, this study explores Arab viewers’ responses to a recent E-E project, al-Siham al-Marika (The Piercing Arrows) drama series, that portrays life under ISIS’s control. The findings identify recurrent themes in the pool of comments, such as show debates, religious contestations, political disputes, empathy for victims, and engagement with plotline/characters. More importantly, they reveal at least one out of six comments (n=1477) exhibits PSI with fictional characters, addressing them as part of their social milieu. The study further traces the variations in the nature of PSI in relation to mediated positive role models, negative role models, and transitional characters in the narrative. It concludes with a discussion of E-E’s potentials as an anti-extremism messaging strategy and PSI’s role as a useful metric in assessing such narratives.
Avoiding Transients in Low-level Sensing of Secondary Electron Yield

Despite the discovery of secondary electron emission over a century ago, repeatability in secondary electron emission measurements remains challenging. This work discusses the transient effects associated with sensing low-level currents during SEY measurements. Operations in the low-level range are shown to be prone to long settling times, transmission line effects, and capacitive coupling between isolated circuits. By programming our measurement system to avoid transients, our system was able to perform SEY measurements with currents as low as 140 fA.
Effects of heat loads on flow and heat transfer in the entrance region of a cooling duct with a staggered array of pin fins

Abstract Computational analysis based on SAS, a hybrid RANS-LES method, were performed to study the effects of heat load on the unsteady flow and heat transfer in the entrance region of a cooling duct with a staggered array of short pin fins under conditions relevant to gas turbines. Results obtained with heat loads ranging from 3.2 to 582 kW/m2 show density and velocity variations in the boundary layers created by heat transfer to affect where separation about each pin fin takes place, the row where unsteady vortex shedding starts, the frequency of shedding, and the production of turbulent kinetic energy. It also affected the vortical structures next to the endwall in how horseshoe vortices at the base of each pin interact with the shed vortices. These heat-transfer induced changes in the flow field were found to significantly reduce the rate at which row-averaged Nusselt number, Nu ¯ , increases along the duct in the entrance region and to enable Nu ¯ to be nearly constant in the post-entrance region even though the Reynolds number is decreasing along the duct. Results obtained also show steady RANS to under predict Nu ¯ throughout the duct because it could not account for the effects of vortex shedding, and unsteady RANS to under and then over predict Nu ¯ along the duct because it could not predict which row vortex shedding first starts and then over predicts its effects on heat transfer. Correlations for Nu ¯ were developed that account for heat load in the entrance and in the post-entrance regions.
Organizational Climate, Opportunity for Promotion, Affective Commitment, and Job Satisfaction: The Moderating Effects of Age

This study examines the moderating role of an employee’s age on the relationship between organizational climate and affective commitment. Drawing on well-established research related to organizational climate, affective commitment and the promotion opportunity facet of the Job Descriptive Index, we hypothesized a moderated mediation model where organizational climate is related to job satisfaction via affective commitment and opportunity for promotion. Based on a Qualtrics survey of 418 workers in the U.S., we found support for the direct and indirect effects of our hypothesized model, but worker age did not have a moderating effect between climate and affective commitment. Our findings contribute to managers’ understanding of whether younger employees have different workplace attitudes than older workers.
Spondylodiscitis, epidural abscess, and meningitis after transoral robotic surgical resection of a squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall

Abstract Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is a minimally invasive technique for resection of tumors of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Rarely, post-TORS cervical spondylodiscitis has been reported in the literature, with high morbidity and mortality. A 64-year-old female with underlying cervical disk disease underwent TORS resection of a posterior pharyngeal wall carcinoma without reconstruction in April 2020. Roughly one month post-operatively, the patient presented with clinical and radiographic signs of spondylodiscitis, epidural abscess, and meningitis. The patient was treated with antibiotic therapy and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. The patient recovered without neurologic deficit. A three-month post-treatment PET-CT scan showed no evidence of residual disease. Post-operative cervical spondylodiscitis and meningitis are rare complications of TORS resection for posterior pharyngeal wall carcinomas, but the risk is increased in patients with underlying cervical disk disease. In such patients, perioperative antibiotic treatment and/or reconstruction should be considered to prevent neurologic complications and death.
The Influence of a Pre-Methods Course on Preservice Elementary Teachers' Self-Perceptions and Abilities for Engineering Instruction.

The inclusion of engineering in science learning standards draws attention to the need to support pre-service teachers’ ability to teach engineering to young learners. The purpose of this study was...
In Defence of the Homeland: Unclogging the Legal Regime Governing Counterterrorism in Nigeria through Paradigms from the United States

Terrorism is perhaps the greatest global security challenge post-World War II and, like several countries, Nigeria is also grappling with this scourge. The remarkable thing is that following pressure from the United States (US) and Western nations, Nigeria took a major step towards counterterrorism with the enactment of the Terrorism (Prevention) Act, 2011. The Act was later replaced by the Terrorism Prevention (Amendment) Act, 2013. Certainly, so far, this legislation remains the nation’s boldest effort in combatting terrorism. However, the Nigerian counterterrorism legal regime still falls short in some material respect, given the absence of a robust strategy and complementary institutional support system. This is not the same case in a country such as the US, where the principal counterterrorism legislation, the Patriot Act, is well complemented by the US National Counterterrorism Strategy and the Department of Homeland Security. Against this background, this Article examines the legal regime governing counterterrorism in Nigeria and the US, with the view of highlighting areas where Nigeria could gain useful insights from the US experience. The expectation is that given the robustness of the US counterterrorism regime, the experience to be gained cannot but further enrich the existing counterterrorism legal regime in Nigeria.
Decision-Making Regarding Newborn Circumcision: A Qualitative Analysis

Circumcision of newborn males is left to parental preference, as medical necessity has not been demonstrated. For medical providers seeking to help parents make decisions and provide informed consent, there is little information regarding how parents gather and process information about circumcision. This study aimed to characterize the comprehensive range of parental attitudes, gaps in knowledge, and decision-making regarding circumcision. Qualitative data was obtained from semi-structured open-ended interviews conducted during the postpartum hospitalization. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded by multiple independent reviewers. A grounded theory approach was used to identify emergent themes regarding attitudes towards, sources of information about, and decision-making surrounding circumcision. Ten mothers were interviewed, of whom six planned to circumcise and four did not. Major themes emerged: the importance of cultural norms, limited yet influential discussions, and the lack of, but desire for, more knowledge. Discussions with medical providers were often limited, though when physician conversation was more extensive, provider input was highly influential. Parents lacked evidence-based knowledge of the risks and benefits of the procedure. They uniformly desire more information and counseling from their medical providers. This study affirms the importance of sociocultural factors and identified a discrepancy between parents’ desire for empiric information and the counsel offered by providers, identifying a need for improved parent counseling. The qualitative themes that emerged from this work enabled the development of a comprehensive conceptual model that can be further tested to develop a decision aid for circumcision of the newborn.