cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Blood Pressure Dipping During The Deep Breathing Maneuver (BPDB) While Supine May Be A Marker Of Severe Sympathetic Denervation (P6.090)

OBJECTIVE: Describe abnormal blood pressure (BP) responses during the deep breathing maneuver BACKGROUND: Heart rate is influenced by the balance between cardiac sympathetic and vagal inputs. The cardiovagal input is modulated by respiration. Therefore the sinus node activity is indirectly modulated by the respiratory rhythm. Heart rate variability to deep breathing (HRDB) is a measure of cardiovagal outflow. There are accompanying BP fluctuations during deep breathing which mirror the HRDB but usually there is no significant drop in BP during this maneuver. DESIGN/METHODS: We analyzed BPDB in patients who underwent autonomic testing for various conditions (parkinsonism, autonomic neuropathy and POTS) in our lab for the past year. Medications known to interfere with testing were held accordingly. The patient followed a visual target which guided their controlled respiration for 2 trials of 8 breaths each. Computer software was used to measure BP and HR at 3 time points: before the first breath, the earliest and most significant drop in SBP and after the last breath. RESULTS: We identified two groups of 6 patients each: early and late BP dippers. The first group was slightly younger (average age 61 vs. 67). On average SBP dropped about the same time in both groups (2.8 vs. 3.3 breaths). The SBP drop was more pronounced in the second group both early on (29.1 vs. 38.5 mm Hg) and at the end of the maneuver (8.8 vs. 38 mm Hg). The average HRDB was lower (12.1 vs. 8.65) and the average SBP drop during head up tilt was more pronounced in the late dippers (79.68 vs. 124.95 mm Hg). CONCLUSIONS: BP dipping during the deep breathing maneuver indicates advanced sympathetic dysfunction. Study Supported by: N/A Disclosure: Dr. Barboi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cadell has nothing to disclose.
A Model for Using Triadic Supervision in Counselor Preparation Programs

The Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2001) has approved the use of triadic supervision as an alternative to individual supervision in clinical instruction. However, literature describing this mode of supervision is very limited. A model for triadic supervision is described, including presession planning, in-session strategies, and administrative considerations and supervisee evaluation. An evaluation of the model from 2 recent studies is also discussed, and recommendations are provided for using triadic supervision in counselor preparation.
Attitudes Towards Different Immigrant Groups in Britain Evidence from a Survey Experiment

We make use of an original experiment embedded in a British survey to compare and understand attitudes towards Muslim immigration, East European immigration, and immigration in general. We use the experiment’s results to provide a more sophisticated understanding of what motivates opposition to immigration than current scholarship provides. We go well beyond the “economic issues” versus “cultural factors” debates to also test the effect of concern about security and fear of crime. We find that the attitudes of the British public towards immigrants are much more complex than aggregate studies imply. Britons are generally less supportive of East European immigration than general or Muslim immigration. More interestingly, the British public has particularly negative reactions to Muslim immigration, and immigration generally, when the issue is framed in terms of security. We find the same reaction vis-a-vis East European immigrants, and immigration generally, when a “crime” frame is used. East Europeans benefit from “integration” and “values” frames that disadvantage Muslims, while Muslims benefit from frames that emphasize economic factors. Elite cues also matter – we find that the consumption of tabloid news reduces support for immigration in general, and supporters of the British far right political parties have a stronger dislike of immigrants with a specified background (both Muslim and East European) than they do for immigrants in general. Finally, we uncover occupational differences. Blue collar workers are more concerned about immigration by east Europeans than by Muslims, while white collar workers support Muslim immigration more than they do other types of immigration.
Initial state and pre-equilibrium effects in small systems

Abstract We discuss the importance of initial state and early time effects with regard to the theoretical understanding of long range azimuthal correlations observed in high-multiplicity p + p and p + A collisions.
Abstract 901: Overexpression of inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family members in human breast and ovarian cancer models of non-MDR1taxane resistance.

Four breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, BT-549, MDA-MB-231 and T-47D) and four ovarian cancer cell lines (1A9/A2780, ES-2, MES-OV and OVCAR-3) were selected for taxane resistance by exposing cells to either docetaxel or paclitaxel in the presence of the P-glycoprotein inhibitor, PSC-833 (valspodar, 2 μM). All of these co-selected variants are MDR1/ABCB1(-), and the resistance to taxanes is not transporter-mediated. We have previously reported elevated class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), reduced BRCA1, elevated CDKN1A (p21), and altered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes in the majority of the non-MDR1 taxane variants. Inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) proteins directly bind and inhibit several caspases, and may play a critical role in determining cell fate after exposure to chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we profiled the expression of IAP proteins and found elevated content in this panel of taxane-resistant human breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. In both the paclitaxel- (TP) and docetaxel-selected (TxTP) ovarian cancer cell lines we observed significantly overexpressed cIAP1 (BIRC2), cIAP2 (BIRC3), XIAP (BIRC4), and Livin (BIRC7) relative to parental cell lines. Expression of cIAP2 was undetectable in OVCAR-3 and its taxane resistant cell lines, OVCAR-3/TP20 and OVCAR-3/TxTP5. Elevated cIAP1 and XIAP levels were detected in the human breast cancer variant BT-549/TxTP50, and Livin was overexpressed in all taxane-resistant breast cancer cell models. Survivin (BIRC5) is highly expressed in cancers and has been associated with taxane resistance via its effects on apoptosis and the cell cycle. We observed reduced Survivin content in the majority of the variants established in our laboratory except for the ovarian ES-2/TP80 cell line where we found slightly elevated expression resulting from paclitaxel selection relative to its parental control. In addition to these alterations in IAP content, we observed elevated Bcl-2 in ovarian (MES-OV/TP40 and MES-OV/TxTP50) and breast (MCF-7/TxTP50, BT-549/TxTP50, and MDA231/TxTP50) cancer cell lines at the transcript level by rt-PCR and confirmed by immunoblotting. Specific gene silencing by RNAi and treatment with small molecule inhibitors will test the functional significance of IAP alterations in these models of taxane resistance. Citation Format: George E. Duran, Anamaria Brozovic, Francisco J. Martinez, E Brian Francisco, Yan C. Wang, Branimir I. Sikic. Overexpression of inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family members in human breast and ovarian cancer models of non-MDR1 taxane resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 901. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-901
Mujeres truchas: urban girls redefining smartness in a dystopic global south

AbstractSet against colonial narratives of border women and neoliberal ideologies increasingly permeating school systems around the world, this article maps out ways in which a group of young women in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico embody and reconstruct notions of smartness. I draw on Chicana feminist theory to introduce the concept of mujeres truchas, a set of intelligences that stem from a life at the margins and a struggle for survival and hope. Further, they challenge Cartesian dualisms about knowledge by incorporating the rational and critical thought but also the physical and spiritual knowledges generated by everyday life in the barrio. This form of smartness also counters the individualism in post-feminist discourse by emphasizing decolonizing, healing, and collective goals.
Simultaneous Site-Specific Dual Protein Labeling Using Protein Prenyltransferases.

Site-specific protein labeling is an important technique in protein chemistry and is used for diverse applications ranging from creating protein conjugates to protein immobilization. Enzymatic reactions, including protein prenylation, have been widely exploited as methods to accomplish site-specific labeling. Enzymatic prenylation is catalyzed by prenyltransferases, including protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I), both of which recognize C-terminal CaaX motifs with different specificities and transfer prenyl groups from isoprenoid diphosphates to their respective target proteins. A number of isoprenoid analogues containing bioorthogonal functional groups have been used to label proteins of interest via PFTase-catalyzed reaction. In this study, we sought to expand the scope of prenyltransferase-mediated protein labeling by exploring the utility of rat GGTase-I (rGGTase-I). First, the isoprenoid specificity of rGGTase-I was evaluated by screening eight differen...
Smectite deposits in Marathon Valley, Endeavour Crater, Mars, identified using CRISM hyperspectral reflectance data

The ~100 m wide Marathon Valley crosscuts the Cape Tribulation rim segment of the 22 km diameter, Noachian-age Endeavour impact crater on Mars. Single-scattering albedo spectra retrieved from three Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) Full-Resolution Targeted (FRT, regularized to 18 m/pixel) and two Along Track Oversampled (ATO, regularized to 12 m/pixel) observations indicate the presence of Fe3+-Mg2+ smectite exposures located in Marathon Valley with combination vibration metal-OH absorption strength comparable to smectite spectral signatures in Mawrth Vallis. The Opportunity rover was directed to the exposures and documented the presence of Shoemaker formation impact breccias that have been isochemically altered, likely by fracture-controlled aqueous fluids.
Kinematic behavior analysis of 2-DOF five-bar mechanism with two sliders driving

A variety of planar curvilinear motions are required in industrial operations,not only their forms of paths are requested,but also their motion behaviors(speed,acceleration) are requested specially.A simple and practical 2-DOF planar five bar mechanism with two slides driven on the same path is presented in this paper.The calculation formula of forward and inverse solutions for this mechanism were derived.Based on its kinematic inverse solution,the simulation and analysis of motion regularity and characteristics of two sliders driving movement when the end movement path operation points of the mechanism meets the various linear,circular and canned combined curves was carried out.This has laid an foundation for real-time control and industrial application of the simple 2-DOF manipulator.
Thermophilic glycosynthases for oligosaccharides synthesis.

Abstract Glycosynthases are engineered glycoside hydrolases that in suitable reaction conditions promote the synthesis of oligosaccharides with exquisite stereoselectivity and enhanced regioselectivity, if compared to traditional chemical methods. This approach was demonstrated to be successful in a number of cases including β-glycosynthases acting at the termini or within an oligosaccharide chain ( exo - and endo -glycosynthases, respectively) and, more recently, α-glycosynthases. This led to the production of a vast repertoire of products that include poly- and oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and glycopeptides. These molecules can be used as ligands of glycoside hydrolases, for the characterization of therapeutic enzymes, and as leads of drugs for the pharmaceutical industry. In this panorama, hyperthermophilic organisms, which thrive at temperatures as high as 80 °C, which usually impede the growth of other living forms, have been used in the development of interesting novel glycosynthases. In fact, the extreme stability of these catalysts to extremes of pH and high concentrations of organics has allowed the exploration of novel reaction conditions, revealing new avenues for enzyme-catalyzed oligosaccharide synthesis.
Preparation of the bowel for surgery.

Controversy continues to exist in this important area because no large scale randomized prospective clinical study comparing antibiotic preparation of the bowel with mechanical preparation alone has ever been completed. A regimen for mechanical cleansing of the bowel is suggested, and arguments for and against the use of intestinal antibiotics are presented, relating particularly to superinfection, suture line recurrence, and possible changes in host resistance to infection.
Tuberculosis : an epidemic in older adults

SUMMARY The incidence of tuberculosis is disproportionately high in our elderly population. This group appears to be at high risk because many were infected early in life. Additional factors contributing to increased risk in the elderly probably include low clinical suspicion for tuberculosis in this age group, unusual or nonspecific clinical and roentgenographic presentations, difficulties in interpreting the tuberculin skin test, and the presence of associated illnesses that may lead to delay in diagnosis. Failure to diagnose tuberculosis in this population has important public health implications, particularly in nursing homes and long-term care facilities. Tuberculosis is usually easily diagnosed when suspected in elderly patients, and effective therapy is available for prevention and treatment of this disease. The special needs of old patients must be considered when these regimens are applied. Increased awareness of tuberculosis in the elderly is important for the success of strategies that have been developed to eliminate tuberculosis from the United States. As our population continues to age, physicians who treat the elderly must be vigilant in suspecting tuberculosis as a cause of illness in these patients.
Metabolism of Retinoids

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses metabolism of retinoids. Dietary retinol is quickly esterified in the intestinal mucosa with long-chain fatty acids and is incorporated into chylomicra and transported through the lymph to the liver. In the liver, the retinyl esters are hydrolyzed and then re-esterified for storage. Retinyl palmitate is the major ester in both the lymph and in the liver, with saturated esters comprising two-thirds to three-fourths of the retinyl esters. The enzyme responsible for retinol esterification in the liver is found in the microsomal fraction. When spontaneously transformed mouse fibroblasts are grown in the presence of certain retinoids, the cells display an increased adhesion and a change in their morphology to that more characteristic of a normal phenotype. The enzymatic activity required for the synthesis of 4-hydroxyretinoic acid from retinoic acid is located in the microsomal fraction of the hamster liver.
Effects of Experience on Tax Professionals’ Evaluations of Facts and Judgments

This research examines how differences in experience among tax accountants with three distinct levels of general practice experience - seniors, managers, and firm-wide partner/senior manager-experts - affect performance on two decision making tasks: (1) configural processing of information cues, i.e., cue usage of variations in relevant client facts, and (2) judgments of the likelihood of nontaxability for a client transaction. Two hundred forty-eight (248) tax professionals from a single international accounting firm evaluated 16 fact patterns. The results indicate (1) experience interacts significantly with configural processing - a significantly larger percentage of variation in judgments of taxability is explained by systematic variations in client facts for more experienced tax professionals, (2) tax managers, but not tax seniors, are able to both process variations in client facts and make taxability judgments similar to tax experts in a closed cue setting, and (3) tax seniors are less likely than managers or partners to recognize increased risks of taxable treatment. We discuss implications for future research, tax education, and practice.
Hsp70 May Be a Molecular Regulator of Schistosome Host Invasion

Schistosomiasis is a debilitating disease that affects over 240 million people worldwide and is considered the most important neglected tropical disease following malaria. Free-swimming freshwater cercariae, one of the six morphologically distinct schistosome life stages, infect humans by directly penetrating through the skin. Cercariae identify and seek the host by sensing chemicals released from human skin. When they reach the host, they burrow into the skin with the help of proteases and other contents released from their acetabular glands and transform into schistosomula, the subsequent larval worm stage upon skin infection. Relative to host invasion, studies have primarily focused on the nature of the acetabular gland secretions, immune response of the host upon exposure to cercariae, and cercaria-schistosomulum transformation methods. However, the molecular signaling pathways involved from host-seeking through the decision to penetrate skin are not well understood. We recently observed that heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) is localized to the acetabular glands of infectious schistosome cercariae, prompting us to investigate a potential role for heat shock proteins (HSPs) in cercarial invasion. In this study, we report that cercarial invasion behavior, similar to the behavior of cercariae exposed to human skin lipid, is regulated through an Hsp70-dependent process, which we show by using chemical agents that target Hsp70. The observation that biologically active protein activity modulators can elicit a direct and clear behavioral change in parasitic schistosome larvae is itself interesting and has not been previously observed. This finding suggests a novel role for Hsp70 to act as a switch in the cercaria-schistosomulum transformation, and it allows us to begin elucidating the pathways associated with cercarial host invasion. In addition, because the Hsp70 protein and its structure/function is highly conserved, the model that Hsp70 acts as a behavior transitional switch could be relevant to other parasites that also undergo an invasion process and can apply more broadly to other organisms during morphological transitions. Finally, it points to a new function for HSPs in parasite/host interactions.
Association between access to accelerated partial breast irradiation and use of adjuvant radiotherapy

BACKGROUND The current study was performed to determine whether access to facilities performing accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is associated with differences in the use of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). METHODS Using the National Cancer Data Base, the authors performed a retrospective study of women aged ≥50 years who were diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer between 2004 and 2013 and treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Facilities performing APBI in ≥10% of their eligible patients within a given year were defined as APBI facilities whereas those not performing APBI were defined as non-APBI facilities. All other facilities were excluded. The authors identified independent factors associated with RT use using multivariable logistic regression with clustering in the overall sample as well as in subsets of patients with standard-risk invasive cancer, low-risk invasive cancer, and ductal carcinoma in situ. RESULTS Among 222,544 patients, 76.6% underwent BCS plus RT and 23.4% underwent BCS alone. The likelihood of RT receipt in the overall sample did not appear to differ significantly between APBI and non-APBI facilities (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.02; P = .61). Subgroup multivariable analysis demonstrated that among patients with standard-risk invasive cancer, there was no association between evaluation at an APBI facility and receipt of RT (AOR, 0.98; P = .69). However, patients with low-risk invasive cancer were found to be significantly more likely to receive RT (54.4% vs 59.5%; AOR, 1.22 [P<.001]), whereas patients with ductal carcinoma in situ were less likely to receive RT (56.9% vs 55.3%; AOR, 0.89 [P = .04]) at APBI facilities. CONCLUSIONS Patients who were eligible for observation were more likely to receive RT in APBI facilities but no difference was observed among patients with standard-risk invasive cancer who would most benefit from RT. Cancer 2017;123:502–511. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
9.2 A 0.6nJ −0.22/+0.19°C inaccuracy temperature sensor using exponential subthreshold oscillation dependence

Thermal sensing is one of the most commonly desired features in IoT devices to monitor either environmental or system/chip conditions. An accurate temperature sensor usually requires carefully calibrated, high-accuracy ADCs, which prevents their use in ultra-low-power sensor nodes. In some sensing architectures, a highly accurate timing reference can replace the ADC [1]. With this in mind, we observe that almost all IoT systems incorporate a high-accuracy timing source (real-time clock, RTC) for time synchronization, data recording, and radio communication. Typically, these RTCs employ crystal or MEMS-based oscillators, or RC oscillators in extremely small form factor devices. We therefore propose to build a temperature sensor that uses a system's core RTC as a timing reference to minimize power/area overhead. We also show a fully integrated sensor that includes an RC-based timing circuit for systems that might not have a timing source.
A comparison of methodologies for representing path effects on regional P/S discriminants

Abstract Short-period regional P/S amplitude ratios hold much promise for discriminating low-magnitude explosions from earthquakes in a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring context. However, propagation path effects lead to variability in regional-phase amplitudes that, if not accounted for, can reduce or eliminate the ability of P/S ratios to identify the seismic source. Here we compare four different methodologies that account for the effect of heterogeneous structure on P/S amplitude variance: (1) distance corrections, (2) path-specific crustal waveguide parameter regressions, (3) cap averaging (running mean smoothing), and (4) kriging. The predictability of each method is established by cross-validation (leave-one-out) analysis. We apply these techniques to Pn/Lg, Pg/Lg , and Pn/Sn observations in three frequency bands from 0.75 to 6.0 Hz at station ABKT (Alibek, Turkmenistan), site of a primary station of the International Monitoring System (IMS). Paths to ABKT sample diverse crustal structures (e.g., various topographic, sedimentary, and geologic structures), leading to great variability in the observed P/S amplitude ratios. For these data to be useful for isolating source characteristics, the scatter needs to be reduced by accounting for the path effects, and the resulting distribution needs to be Gaussian for most existing spatial interpolation and discrimination strategies to have valid application. Each method reduces the scatter of the P/S amplitude measurements with varying degrees of success; however, kriging has the distinct advantages of providing the greatest variance reduction and a continuous correction surface with an estimate of the model uncertainty. The largest reductions in scatter are found for the lowest frequency P/S ratios (
Mechanism(s) of chloride transport in human distal colonic apical membrane vesicles.

Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated the presence of an electroneutral Cl−/HCO3 − exchange process across the human proximal colonic apical membrane vesicles (AMV). However, very little is known about the mechanism(s) of chloride transport in the apical membrane of the human distal colon. Utilizing AMV purified from organ donor distal colonic mucosa and a rapid Millipore filtration technique, the mechanisms of 36Cl− uptake into these vesicles were examined. Outwardly directed OH− and HCO3 − gradients markedly increased the uptake of 36Cl− into these vesicles, demonstrating a transient accumulation over the equilibrium uptake. Voltage clamping in the presence of K+/valinomycin reduced the OH− and HCO3 − gradient-stimulated 36Cl− uptake into these vesicles by ∼30% indicating that the conductive Cl− uptake pathway was present in these vesicles along with the electroneutral exchange process. Under voltage-clamped conditions, the inhibitors the bicarbonate transporters, DIDS and SITS (1 mM), inhibited OH− and HCO3 − gradient-stimulated 36Cl− uptake by ∼50%. Acetazolamide showed small but significant inhibition of chloride uptake. Amiloride, bumetanide, and furosemide failed to inhibit 36Cl− uptake. Chloride uptake into these vesicles exhibited saturation kinetics with an apparent K m for chloride of 16.7 mM and a V max of 5.9 nmol/mg/15 sec. Chloride, acetate, nitrate, but not sulfate (50 mM each), inhibited 5 mM 36Cl− uptake. Inwardly directed gradients of Na+, K+ or both together did not stimulate chloride uptake into these vesicles indicating that the uptake of Cl− and Na+ in human distal colonic AMV does not involve Na-Cl or Na-K-2Cl cotransport. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that Cl− transport across the apical membranes of human distal colon involves both conductive pathway and electroneutral Cl−/HCO3 − (OH−) exchange processes. In view of our previous demonstration of a Na+/H+ exchange process in these AMV, we propose that the operation of dual ion exchange mechanisms of Na+/H+ and Cl−/HCO3 − is the primary mode of electroneutral NaCl absorption across the apical membranes of the enterocytes of the human distal colon.
Reconciling Professional and Personal Value Systems: The Spiritually Motivated Manager as Organizational Entrepreneur

Today, many people hold a personal set of moral beliefs about the proper role of the corporation in regard to the natural environment. These beliefs are held at the level of the individual and are formed through personal reflection, professional development, and association with other environmentally oriented individuals or cultural groups. The values underlying these beliefs inform an individualized sense of right and wrong that may be at odds with the dominant values in the workplace. Rather than acquiesce to the organization’s values or leave, many of today’s managers choose to stay within the organization, acting as change agent, or organizational entrepreneurs, trying to alter the firm’s cultural values. This paper will consider why and how this is happening. First, it will consider how social institutions (Scott 1995) are changing on the subject of environmental protection, thereby changing individual beliefs and creating a clash with the dominant economic institutions. Second, it will consider the tactics used by managers who respond to this clash by choosing to act as organizational entrepreneurs and bring these values into the workplace. It will conclude with a prognosis for the future of this phenomenon and what it means for organizational competencies and performance.
Monopolies can exist in unmanned airspace

With the increased use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for both commercial and private use comes the inevitability that over-saturated airspaces will exist. If an airspace becomes congested and difficult to traverse, the possibility of an entity abusing, controlling, and even monopolizing the space can be extremely dangerous. In this paper we show that this type of monopolization can exist. We use cooperative coevolutionary algorithms to examine multiple teams of UAVs coexisting in the same airspace. Considering two equally-sized teams: A and B, if Team A chooses to cooperate with Team B, and considers team B's losses as its own, the system can work fluidly. If Team A chooses to focus on its own concerns while ignoring impacts on Team B, Team B can suffer a 99% increase in midair conflicts. If Team A chooses to actively prevent Team B from fluid operation, Team B's number of midair conflicts can suffer a 394% increase.
Characterization of rubella-specific humoral immunity following two doses of MMR vaccine using proteome microarray technology.

Introduction//Background The lack of standardization of the currently used commercial anti-rubella IgG antibody assays leads to frequent misinterpretation of results for samples with low/equivocal antibody concentration. The use of alternative approaches in rubella serology could add new information leading to a fuller understanding of rubella protective immunity and neutralizing antibody response after vaccination. Methods We applied microarray technology to measure antibodies to all rubella virus proteins in 75 high and 75 low rubella virus-specific antibody responders after two MMR vaccine doses. These data were used in multivariate penalized logistic regression modeling of rubella-specific neutralizing antibody response after vaccination. Results We measured antibodies to all rubella virus structural proteins (i.e., the glycoproteins E1 and E2 and the capsid C protein) and to the non-structural protein P150. Antibody levels to each of these proteins were: correlated with the neutralizing antibody titer (p<0.006); demonstrated differences between the high and the low antibody responder groups (p<0.008); and were components of the model associated with/predictive of vaccine-induced rubella virus-specific neutralizing antibody titers (misclassification error = 0.2). Conclusion Our study supports the use of this new technology, as well as the use of antibody profiles/patterns (rather than single antibody measures) as biomarkers of neutralizing antibody response and correlates of protective immunity in rubella virus serology.
Parameter Selection in First-Order Systems Considering Sampling and Instrumentation Errors

This chapter discusses the actual selection of the value of the proportionality constant K of a discrete, linear, first-order controller for several specific combinations of perturbations, and system performance criteria. It reviews the simple proportional process controller with measurement error and presents a detailed look at the two potential components of measurement error, namely, sampling and instrumentation errors and their effects on process output. Sampling is economically advantageous where high production rates combine with relatively expensive or time-consuming measurements of individual product items. Whenever sampling is used, both human error and instrumentation error can be expected to some degree. Instrumentation errors can affect measurements in various ways, the most common of which is to add a random variable to the true value being measured. Instrumentation errors can be completely independent of one another or highly correlated depending on the instrument, the stableness of the environment, and the time between measurements.
THE EFFECT OF CANCER ON OUTCOMES OF ACUTE HEART FAILURE EXACERBATIONS: A 5-YEAR NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS

Data showing outcomes of cancer patients with acute heart failure (AHF) is limited. In-Hospital mortality for patients with AHF and history of solid (colon, breast, lung, prostate) or liquid (lymphoma, chronic leukemia, multiple myeloma) malignancy was assessed using the 2010-2014 Nationwide
Evidence of source dominance in the dynamic behavior of accelerator-driven systems

In a dynamic simulation method recently developed for accelerator-driven subcritical waste transmutation systems, power levels are renormalized dynamically based on the changing reactivity of the flowing system. For such systems, the power varies directly with the source strength, and inversely with the reactivity. The prompt-jump form of the point-kinetics equations has been used to provide the dynamic renormalization factor for the spatially dependent flowing-fuel system. A unique characteristic of the source-dominated system has been discovered. In the traditional reactor system, power changes are controlled by the half-life for decay of the longest-lived delayed neutron precursors. For the source-dominated system, the delayed neutron precursors do not appreciably slow the response of the system.
Racial Inequities in Drug Arrests: Treatment in Lieu of and After Incarceration.

The authors discuss their perspective on U.S. racial inequality in arrests for illegal drugs and prisoner's treatment for drug abuse, referencing an article in the issue by Mooney et al. An overview of the disparities between of African American and whites for drug possession arrests, including in regard to the similar rates of substance abuse by each populations, is provided.
Chemical Engineering at Purdue University

In the open fields of Indiana, roughly equidistant between Gary and Indianapolis and built on the then navigable Wabash river, lay in the middle 19th century a small town of 4,000 inhabitants, the town of Lafayette. A trade center for northwest Indiana, the town was inhabited mostly by German and Anglosaxon farmers and traders. As a result of the 1862 Morrill Act, the General Assembly of Indiana voted in 1865 to establish a land-grant university (1). The fierce competition between various towns continued for four years with Monroe, Marion and Tippecanoe counties becoming the three finalists. Finally, the balance tilted in favor of Lafayette, mainly because of the then generous contribution of $150,000 by John Purdue, $50,000 by the Tippecanoe County and 100 acres of land from local residents. Thus, in the fourth and final ballot in the Indiana House, Tippecanoe county received 52 votes, with 17 voting for Monroe and 8 for Marion county. In the Senate questions arose and the representatives of Bloomington (Monroe county) and Indianapolis (Marion county) “stigmatized as selfish vanity for Mr. Purdue to ask that the institution be named Purdue University (1).” On May 4, 1869 Purdue’s offer was accepted with 32 to 10 votes in the Senate and 76 to 19 in the House.
Cumulative trauma disorders among hand therapists.

OBJECTIVES This study examined the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) among hand therapists. Factors such as hand therapy tasks and number of years spent performing these tasks were examined in their contribution to CTD symptoms of the upper extremity. STUDY DESIGN Of the 356 questionnaires distributed to registrants at the 1996 Hand Conference, 195 (55%) were returned. A t-test was used to determine whether the number of years spent practicing hand therapy was a significant factor in the development of CTD symptoms among hand therapists. RESULTS Of the 195 respondents, 73% reported they had previously experienced CTD symptoms, and 46% reported they were currently experiencing CTD symptoms. A significant difference was found (P < 0.05) in the development of CTD symptoms with regard to number of years practiced. CONCLUSION The work practices of hand therapists place them at risk for developing CTDs. Hand therapists who spend more years practicing are more likely to incur CTDs.
Longevity of Uromyces transversalis, Causal Agent of Gladiolus Rust, under Various Environmental Conditions

ABSTRACT To help determine if gladiolus rust may spread to new areas of the United States, we studied effects of different temperature and moisture conditions on longevity of Uromyces transversalis...
Understanding Sources of Electrical Disorder in Graphene Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Wafer-Scale Device Applications

We present a comprehensive explanation of the sources of electrical disorder in graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and transferred onto SiO2 substrates. By correlating carrier concen...
Functional outcomes of temporomandibular joint reconstruction with vascularized tissue

Abstract Objective To determine how current temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction methods affect functional outcomes. Methods Retrospective review from January 2006 to July 2017 at a single tertiary care center. All patients who underwent mandibulectomy with subsequent reconstruction with vascularized free tissue were included in the study. Condylar segments were reconstructed with vascularized free tissue flap in conjunction with autologous tissue or allograft in the joint space. Preoperative, 3 month, 1 year, and 2 year postoperative records were assessed for trismus, need for tube feeds, and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). Results Joint space was reconstructed with autologous tissue (n = 10), allograft (n = 15) or both (n = 9). At three months, FOIS scores significantly decreased from 5.4 preoperatively to 4.8 post operatively (P = .024) and need for tube feeds significantly increased from 15.8% preoperatively to 35.1% (P ≤0.027). Trismus significantly decreased from 63.2% to 27% (P = .006). At one-year, there were no significant changes in functional status compared to pre-operative state. Patients who had previous RT had significantly worse FOIS scores preoperatively (p = .002), at three months (p Conclusion Reconstruction of the TMJ with vascularized free tissue is a viable option and yields acceptable long-term outcomes. While functional status may improve or worsen in the immediate postoperative period, long term results mirror preoperative function. Preoperative trismus will likely improve. Level of evidence Level 3; Retrospective Comparative Study.
Association Between Stress and Coping with DNA Methylation of Blood Pressure-Related Genes Among African American Women:

BackgroundExposure to psychosocial stress and employment of high effort coping strategies have been identified as risk factors that may partially explain the high prevalence of hypertension among A...
God’s Salesman: Norman Vincent Peale and the Power of Positive Thinking

For those who primarily associate the Rev. Norman Vincent Peale (1898–1993) with tattered copies of The Power of Positive Thinking (1952), so ubiquitous in used book stores, or with the feel-good a...
Web Exclusive. Annals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes - Preparing for Battle: How Hospitalists Can Manage the Stress of COVID-19.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalists are on the front lines defending our health and safety. As with other pandemics, COVID-19 presents challenges for the well-being of citizens around the gl...
Polyradiculitis in autoimmune encephalitis: a case report and review

Limbic encephalitis is a subacute progressive disorder characterized by disturbances in memory and behavior along with seizures. Antibodies against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) are associated with a subtype of encephalitis which along with the abovementioned symptoms is also characterized by severe pain and autonomic dysfunction. The classical radiological presentation of LGI1 encephalitis is that of amygdala and hippocampal enlargement unilaterally or bilaterally with a T2 hyperintensity. Extratemporal involvement is considered a rare feature. We present the only known case in our knowledge of anti-LGI1 encephalitis in a 47-year-old male presenting as dorsal root ganglia and spinal nerve enhancement on imaging. Clinicians should be aware of this atypical presentation and consider anti-LGI1 encephalitis as a possible diagnosis when presented with such a neuroradiological feature.
Progress Towards Parity: Female Representation in the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

PURPOSE To report female representation within the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) at all levels of career achievement over 50 years. METHODS Data were extrapolated from published ASOPRS directories and the 50th anniversary booklet. Fellowship, membership, leadership, and awards data were evaluated over 5 decades. Comparisons were made between the first and second 25 years, proportions of early and late career achievements, and time to career progression between males and females. RESULTS During the first decade, 5.6% of ASOPRS fellows were female (n = 2), which rose to 6.6% (n = 8), 17.6% (n = 32), 22.4% (n = 35), and 39.4% (n = 97) in the second, third, fourth, and fifth decades, respectively. These patterns were echoed in ASOPRS membership. When comparing the first half (1969-1994) to the second half (1995-2018), fellowship (10.5% vs. 30.0%, p < 0.001), membership (8.0% vs. 30.3%, p < 0.001), early career awards (5.6% vs. 28.9%, p = 0.047), program directorship (0.0% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.017), and executive committee female representation (4.5% vs. 16.8%, p < 0.001) increased significantly. However, females were proportionally underrepresented as program directors (p = 0.003), late career award winners (p = 0.001), executive committee members (p < 0.001), and presidents (p = 0.020). Among those reaching leadership positions, females took longer than males to become program directors by a median of 4 years (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS There has been a steady increase in female representation in ASOPRS fellowship training and membership. While significant progress has been made, growth in female leadership and award recognition is still needed.
Development and Validation of WeCares, a Survey Instrument to Assess Hospitalized Patients' and Family Members' "Willingness to Engage in Your Care and Safety".

Background Patient engagement is recognized as a method to improve care quality and safety. A research team developed WeCares (Willingness to Engage in Your Care and Safety), a survey instrument assessing patients’ and families’ engagement in the safety of their care during their hospital stay. The objective of this study is to establish the preliminary construct validity and internal consistency of WeCares. Methods WeCares was distributed to patients and families. With the survey responses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to identify the factorial structure of WeCares. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive and comparative analysis was also performed to summarize patients’ and families’ responses. Results A total of 247 patients and families responded to the WeCare survey, of which 224 were used for EFA. EFA resulted in a 13-item, four-factor structure, including (1) comfortable sharing concerns, (2) responsibility for preventing errors, (3) perception of care team members’ attitude, and (4) patients’/families’ role in preventing errors. The Cronbach alphas were 0.716–0.866, indicating acceptable internal consistency. Overall, patients and families were comfortable sharing concerns with clinicians but preferred to remain anonymous. They believed that the care team members hold most responsibility for error prevention, however, and agreed on their ability to help prevent errors. Conclusion WeCares was developed to assess patients’ and families’ willingness to engage. WeCares can also be used to facilitate conversation about safety concerns and shared responsibility. The study team believes this would lead to patient activation in guarding their own care and ultimately improve patient outcomes and safety.
Porous hydrogels templated from soy-protein-stabilized high internal phase emulsions

Porous hydrogels with controlled morphology were successfully prepared from polymerizing soy-protein-isolate (SPI)-stabilized high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). The ability of SPI to act as a surfactant in an oil-in-water HIPE containing acrylic acid or acrylamide monomer was investigated. The void and window sizes in the polyHIPEs were tailored by adjusting SPI and/or monomer concentration. Ultrasonication treatment was applied to vary the physical properties of the SPI. Although this treatment weakens the emulsifying efficiency of SPI, the HIPEs were stable enough to create polyHIPEs with larger pores and windows than polyHIPEs from untreated counterparts. The formation of polyHIPEs with interconnected, open-cell morphologies indicated that SPI is not a typical Pickering emulsifier. The performance of the hydrogels to capture heavy metal (e.g. lead (II)) ions was also explored. The highly interconnected polyHIPE structure with large voids revealed an enhanced absorption behavior compared with non-porous hydrogels.
Change of Hearth: Magic, Marketing, and Modernity in the Odelin Stove Le Rustique Postcard Series

Ten 1904 postcards, marketing the Odelin Le Rustique stove, spin a fanciful, magical tale, an early example of branded storytelling, within the little–studied medium of Belle Epoque advertising pos...
The neurovascular extracellular matrix in health and disease

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a vital interface that supports normal brain functions. Endothelial cells (ECs) are the main component of the BBB and are highly specialized to govern the transfer of substances into brain. The EC lumen is enmeshed with an extracellular matrix (ECM), known as the endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL). The lumen-facing EGL is primarily comprised of proteoglycans (PGs) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which function as the first line of defense for blood-to-brain transfer of substances. Circulating factors must first penetrate the EGL before interacting with the EC. The abundance and composition of the PG and GAGs can dictate EGL function, and determine which circulating substances communicate with the ECs. The EGL can interact with circulating factors through physio-chemical interactions with the EC. Some disease states reveal a "thinning" of the EGL that may increase EC interactions with components of the systemic circulation and alter BBB function. EGL changes may also contribute to the cognitive complications of systemic diseases, such as sepsis and diabetes. For decades, researchers have measured how genetic and environmental factors influence the peripheral EGL constituents; however, much less is known about the neurovascular EGL. In this mini-review, we introduce components of the EGL and innovative ways to measure their abundance and composition that may contribute to BBB dysfunction.
Pedigree reconstruction and distant pairwise relatedness estimation from genome sequence data: A demonstration in a population of rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta)

A primary challenge in the analysis of free-ranging animal populations is the accurate estimation of relatedness among individuals. Many aspects of population analysis rely on knowledge of relatedness patterns, including socioecology, demography, heritability and gene mapping analyses, wildlife conservation and the management of breeding colonies. Methods for determining relatedness using genome-wide data have improved our ability to determine kinship and reconstruct pedigrees in humans. However, methods for reconstructing complex pedigree structures and estimating distant relatedness (beyond third-degree) have not been widely applied to other species. We sequenced the genomes of 150 male rhesus macaques from the Tulane National Primate Research Center colony to estimate pairwise relatedness, reconstruct closely related pedigrees, estimate more distant relationships and augment colony records. Methods for determining relatedness developed for human genetic data were applied and evaluated in the analysis of nonhuman primates, including identity-by-descent-based methods for pedigree reconstruction and shared segment-based inference of more distant relatedness. We compared the genotype-based pedigrees and estimated relationships to available colony pedigree records and found high concordance (95.5% agreement) between expected and identified relationships for close relatives. In addition, we detected distant relationships not captured in colony records, including some as distant as twelfth-degree. Furthermore, while deep sequence coverage is preferable, we show that this approach can also provide valuable information when only low-coverage (5×) sequence data is available. Our findings demonstrate the value of these methods for determination of relatedness in various animal populations, with diverse applications to conservation biology, evolutionary and ecological research and biomedical studies.
Disappeared in plain sight: ICE air deportation infrastructure and cycles of migrant (im)mobility

This article argues that aviation infrastructures utilized by ICE Air Operations for deportations should be understood as texts that materialize rhetorical borders and anti-migrant discourses. Depo...