cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SC-38IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR GLIOBLASTOMA STEM CELLS

The prognosis for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is poor. Recent evidence suggests that the cells driving GBM malignancy and possibly recurrence are GBM stem cells (GSCs), a small population of GBM cells capable of developing resistance to current therapeutics. To target GSCs, we hypothesized that specific protein kinases are essential to GSC survival. Knockdown of these essential kinases in GSCs will result in inhibition of both GSC and overall GBM tumor growth. To identify kinases essential for GSCs, we first performed a drop-out screen in U87MG human GBM cells using an shRNA library directed against human kinases. We then screened the candidate kinases in a GSC line, GS9-6/NOTCH1 + , and identified 39 kinases that are essential to GSCs. Among these, we elected to focus on casein kinase 1 epsilon (CSNK1E) and maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) for the following reasons: 1) multiple shRNAs targeting these kinases were revealed from our screen; 2) MELK is a known essential kinase for GSCs; 3) chemical inhibitors are available for these kinases. Further experiments revealed that knockdown of CSNK1E or MELK resulted in a significant decrease in viability in multiple GSC lines isolated from either established cell lines, such as LN229, LN18, and U251, or fresh tumor tissues, such as VTC001. To probe the mechanism by which these kinases are essential for GSCs, we measured the self-renewal and differentiation of these GSCs. We found that knockdown of MELK and CSNK1E significantly inhibited stem cell self-renewal and promoted differentiation of GS9-6/NOTCH1+ cells. Taken together, our research revealed that MELK and CSNK1E are essential to GSC survival, thereby becoming appealing drug targets. Future work will further evaluate MELK and CSNK1E as therapeutic targets by utilizing small molecule kinase inhibitors in an in vivo mouse model of GBM.
Structure and Reactivity of Acetylene Complexes of Bis(imino)pyridine Ruthenium(0)

Reaction of the low-valent ruthenium complex [κ2-N3]Ru(η6-MeC6H5) (1), [N3] = 2,6-(MesN═CMe)2C5H3N, with acetylene leads to the displacement of toluene and formation of the monoacetylene adduct, [N3]Ru(C2H2) (2). The short alkyne−metal distances in 2 are consistent with 4 e− donation to the metal; that is, there is some degree of overlap of the perpendicular alkyne π- and metal dxz-orbitals. The NMR data and DFT calculations suggest π⊥ donation is weaker in 2 than in many 4 e− donor alkyne complexes. Further reaction of 2 with acetylene leads to catalytic cyclotrimerization and release of benzene, although the catalyst is short-lived. In the case of diphenylacetylene, two molecules of C2Ph2 react per molecule of 1 to generate the metallacyclic [N3]Ru(C4Ph4) (3), which is best described as a ruthenacyclopentadiene, or ruthenole. Compound 3 does not react further with diphenylacetylene, but does react with terminal alkynes by addition of the acetylenic C−H bond across a ruthenole Ru−C bond. The new complexe...
Effect of depth on shear-wave elastography estimated in the internal and external cervical os during pregnancy

Aim To investigate the effect of depth on cervical shear-wave elastography. Methods Shear-wave elastography was applied to estimate the velocity of propagation of the acoustic force impulse (shear wave) in the cervix of 154 pregnant women at 11-36 weeks of gestation. Shear-wave speed (SWS) was evaluated in cross-sectional views of the internal and external cervical os in five regions of interest: anterior, posterior, lateral right, lateral left, and endocervix. Distance from the center of the ultrasound (US) transducer to the center of each region of interest was registered. Results In all regions, SWS decreased significantly with gestational age (P=0.006). In the internal os, SWS was similar among the anterior, posterior, and lateral regions and lower in the endocervix. In the external os, the endocervix and anterior regions showed similar SWS values, lower than those from the posterior and lateral regions. In the endocervix, these differences remained significant after adjustment for depth, gestational age, and cervical length. SWS estimations in all regions of the internal os were higher than those of the external os, suggesting denser tissue. Conclusion Depth from the US probe to different regions in the cervix did not significantly affect the SWS estimations.
The Marine Vertebrates of the Outer Coast

IT IS ONLY a first, in fact a very crude approximation, to include the Gulf coast of Baja California and the tip of the peninsula in the tropical Panamic Province and the rest of the outer coast in the warm-temperate (San Diegan) division of the Californian Province. The faunal changes along the outer coast of Baja California, in particular, are neither so abrupt nor so regular as to justify drawing definite boundaries to such provinces. The facts of the distribution of life along this coast emphasize the serious doubts that may be entertained regarding the wisdom of attempting a definite areal zoogeographic classification along an hierarchic system. It may well be more meaningful and dynamic to treat each areal faunal assemblage as a complex of faunal elements of diverse provenance, as Mayr (1946) and Parkes (1958) have done for the birds of North America.
The Value of Cytology Smears for Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Purpose. Acanthamoeba keratitis remains a difficult diagnosis despite advances in genetic and imaging technologies. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the utility of cytology smears for diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Methods. This is a case study of the diagnostic course for a patient with suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis. Results. A 40-year-old male with poor contact lens hygiene presented with severe left eye pain. Slit lamp examination showed two peripheral ring infiltrates without an epithelial defect. The epithelium over both infiltrates was removed with a Kimura spatula. Half of the sample was smeared on a dry microscope slide and the other half was submitted for Acanthamoeba culture and PCR. Both culture and PCR were negative for Acanthamoeba, but hematoxylin and eosin stain of the smear revealed double-walled cysts. Conclusion. H&E staining of corneal cytology specimens is an efficient and readily available test for diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Ultrasonic Surface and Bulk Wave Interaction with Fluid-Saturated Porous Solids

There has recently been considerable interest in the acoustics of fluid-saturated porous media. The most interesting peculiarity, the existence of two compressional waves, was first predicted by Biot [1] in 1956. It was not until 1980 that Plona [2] experimentally observed the additional slow compressional bulk wave in a water-saturated porous solid composed of sintered glass spheres. Even more recently, Feng and Johnson [3] have extended the Biot theory to numerically predict the velocities of a new surface mode as well as the expected pseudo Rayleigh and pseudo Stoneley modes at fluid-porous solid (i. e. fluid/fluid-saturated porous solid) interface. The expected modes are either below the fluid velocity, so that energy will not leak into the fluid at all, or just above it so that energy leaks at such a high angle, in which case simple phase-matching techniques are not applicable for excitation and detection. In a recent paper [4], the authors suggested the application of a slightly corrugated periodic surface, since, in this case every surface mode becomes somewhat “leaky” in certain directions at particular resonant frequencies. In this work we are presenting experimental results of surface wave velocity measurements, using this periodic surface technique. The surface wave velocities are compared to bulk results obtained by a new wedge technique.
The premier-presidential and president-parliamentary experiences

INTRODUCTION Before proceeding with our analysis of the relationship between presidents and assemblies more generally, we now consider the performance of premier-presidential government as well as a few systems that we deem president-parliamentary. Such a task is necessary in order to illustrate more clearly the nature of the regime types, and their distinction from both presidentialism and parliamentarism. This is so particularly because premier-presidentialism and president-parliamentarism have been discussed infrequently in the comparative literature, and may be unfamiliar to many readers. When students of democratic institutions have spoken of premier-presidentialism (what others have called “semipresidentialism”), they have rarely shared a specific, common idea of its institutional structure. And, of course, regimes that we define as president-parliamentary have been described a number of ways: as presidential, semi-presidential, parliamentary, and as hybrids. In Chapter 2, we provided definitions that we believe are exhaustive and generalizable for all these regime types. We begin here with a general discussion of the thorniest institutional problem that is, in effect, built into premier-presidential government – the possibility of a divided executive. Where the president and the cabinet are of opposing parties or blocs, premier-presidential government faces a challenge somewhat similar to that of presidentialism under divided government. The specific tensions among political adversaries, the dangers to regime stability, and the potential means of resolving those threats, however, are all different under premier-presidential and president-parliamentary as opposed to presidential systems.
Cortical bone deficit and fat infiltration of bone marrow and skeletal muscle in ambulatory children with mild spastic cerebral palsy

Abstract Introduction Nonambulatory children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) have underdeveloped bone architecture, low bone strength and a high degree of fat infiltration in the lower extremity musculature. The present study aims to determine if such a profile exists in ambulatory children with mild CP and if excess fat infiltration extends into the bone marrow. Materials and methods Ambulatory children with mild spastic CP and typically developing children (4 to 11 years; 12/group) were compared. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to estimate cortical bone, bone marrow and total bone volume and width, bone strength [i.e., section modulus (Z) and polar moment of inertia (J)], and bone marrow fat concentration in the midtibia, and muscle volume, intermuscular, subfascial, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) volume and intramuscular fat concentration in the midleg. Accelerometer-based activity monitors worn on the ankle were used to assess physical activity. Results There were no group differences in age, height, body mass, body mass percentile, BMI, BMI percentile or tibia length, but children with CP had lower height percentile (19th vs. 50th percentile) and total physical activity counts (44%) than controls (both p p p p Conclusions Ambulatory children with mild spastic CP exhibit an underdeveloped bone architecture and low bone strength in the midtibia and a greater infiltration of fat in the bone marrow and surrounding musculature compared to typically developing children. Whether the deficit in the musculoskeletal system of children with CP is associated with higher chronic disease risk and whether the deficit can be mitigated requires further investigation.
Leukemia Associated Mutants of SHP2 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Prevent HoxA10 Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Differentiating Myeloid Cells, Thereby Blocking Transcription of the Gene Encoding Gp91phox.

Abstract Gp91phox is a component of the membrane bound, catalytic unit of the phagocyte respiratory burst oxidase. Transcription of the CYBB gene, which encodes gp91phox, is restricted to phagocytes that have differentiated beyond the promyelocyte stage. Transcription continues in mature myeloid cells until cell death and is increased by inflammatory mediators such as LPS or interferon gamma as part of the system of host defense. Previously, we determined that a negative cis element in the CYBB promoter binds a multi-protein complex in undifferentiated myeloid cells which includes the homeodomain proteins HoxA10 and Pbx1, and the histone deacetylase HDAC2. During cytokine induced differentiation, binding of this complex decreases, permitting binding of positive trans factors which activate an adjacent cis element in the CYBB promoter. In previous studies, we also determined that tyrosine phosphorylation decreases HoxA10 binding affinity for the CYBB repressor element. We found that HoxA10 is tyrosine phosphorylated in response to treatment of myeloid progenitor cells and myeloid cell lines with hematopoietic cytokines such as G-CSF, M-CSF and interferon gamma. In undifferentiated myeloid cells, HoxA10 is maintained in a non-tyrosine phosphorylated state by the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP1 and SHP2. We find that activity of these PTPs decreases during myeloid differentiation. This decrease in PTP activity contributes to increased HoxA10 tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting in CYBB gene transcription as differentiation proceeds. Recently, leukemia associated, activating mutations of SHP2-PTP have been described in human subjects with Juvenile Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMMoL), AML and MDS. These SHP2 mutations induce a conformational change which unmasks the PTP domain, resulting in constitutive activation. In these studies, we find that expression of one such leukemia associated SHP2-mutant impairs HoxA10 tyrosine phosphorylation during myelopoiesis. This results in sustained repression of CYBB transcription and decreased gp91phox expression in differentiating cells. Since gp91phox is one of the rate limiting oxidase component proteins during myeloid differentiation and the inflammatory response, activating mutants of SHP2-PTP would therefore be expected to impair respiratory burst competence in malignant myeloid cells. This could contribute to immuno-deficiency in some forms of myeloid malignancy where differentiation appears histologically preserved, such as JMMoL or MDS. Further investigation of the role of SHP2-mutation in phagocyte functional competence may identify rationale molecular targets to ameliorate immuno-deficiency in chronic myeloid diseases.
Enhancing Self-Regulated Practice Behavior in High School Instrumentalists.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of a self-regulated learning practice strategy curriculum (SRL–PSC) on 30 high school instrumentalists’ performance achievement, self-efficac...
Prevention and management of post-instability glenohumeral arthropathy

Post-instability arthropathy may commonly develop in high-risk patients with a history of recurrent glenohumeral instability, both with and without surgical stabilization. Classically related to anterior shoulder instability, the incidence and rates of arthritic progression may vary widely. Radiographic arthritic changes may be present in up to two-thirds of patients after primary Bankart repair and 30% after Latarjet procedure, with increasing rates associated with recurrent dislocation history, prominent implant position, non-anatomic reconstruction, and/or lateralized bone graft placement. However, the presence radiographic arthrosis does not predict poor patient-reported function. After exhausting conservative measures, both joint-preserving and arthroplasty surgical options may be considered depending on a combination of patient-specific and anatomic factors. Arthroscopic procedures are optimally indicated for individuals with focal disease and may yield superior symptomatic relief when combined with treatment of combined shoulder pathology. For more advanced secondary arthropathy, total shoulder arthroplasty remains the most reliable option, although the clinical outcomes, wear characteristics, and implant survivorship remains a concern among active, young patients.
Recursive PCA for Adaptive Process Monitoring

Abstract Two recursive principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms are proposed for adaptive process monitoring. The paper starts with an efficient approach to updating the correlation matrix recursively. Two recursive PCA algorithms are then proposed using rank-one modification and Lanczos tridiagonalization. The confidence limits for process monitoring are also determined recursively. Computational complexity of these algorithms is compared. The proposed algorithms are applied to a rapid thermal annealing process in semiconductor processing for adaptive monitoring.
Prediction of Anisotropy of Textured Sheets Based on a New Polycrystal Model

Abstract In this paper, the new single crystal yield criterion developed by Cazacu et al. [1] is used to study the effect of the initial texture on the anisotropy in plastic properties of metal sheets. The directional dependence of the yield stresses and Lankford coefficients in uniaxial tension is calculated for polycrystalline sheets with textures described in terms of a Gaussian distribution of misorientations with scatter width increasing from zero (single crystal) to 45o. It is shown that the same fidelity in predictions is obtained for an ideal texture and for textures with misorientation scatter width up to 25o. Furthermore, irrespective of the number of grains in the sample, Lankford coefficients have finite values for all loading orientations. Therefore, using this new single crystal yield criterion for the description of the plastic behavior of the constituent grains, the polycrystalline behavior can be predicted with accuracy, and at a very low computational cost. Most importantly, once the single crystal behavior is known, no additional calibration or macroscopic mechanical tests are needed in order to predict the effect of different texture components on the polycrystalline behavior.
Label-free Fourier filtered dark-field imaging to quantify subcellular dynamics

Light scattering by subcellular organelles and interfaces such as membranes can be utilized for quantitative measurement of cellular and tissue states. The structural information of the organelles can be inferred from light-scattering by analyzing the signal at a conjugate Fourier plane of a dark-field imaging system. Via implementation of Gabor filters on the Fourier plane, we can selectively allow only certain angles of scattering to pass during imaging. These scatter angles are related to the spatial frequencies of the scattering source. So in effect, the Gabor filters can be tuned to probe objects of certain size/shape and orientation. Based on this property, we had previously reported a morphometric parameter called Orientedness that can detect change in mitochondrial orientation during apoptosis. In this work, we present a subcellular segmentation technique to track Orientedness values over time in individual subcellular structures. This is achieved through a dynamic mask that changes its shape according to the shape of the organelles while they undergo chemically-induced morphological changes. The mask is generated from the Gabor-filtered images of the cell. We also propose a modification of the original Orientedness calculation using local-energy information. We demonstrate our method by tracking the morphology of subcellular structures within cells which have been overloaded with calcium. Our results show changes in the morphology of the subcellular structure in calcium-treated cells but not in the untreated control. Moreover a decrease in the aspect ratio and orientedness of the analyzed structures correlates with the onset of mitochondrial rounding and fission as seen in fluorescence. Together, our results suggest that light scattering based labelfree analysis of organelle structures may be used to track subcellular activity over time.
“Who Belongs”: A Critical Race Theory and Latino Critical Theory Analysis of the United States Immigration Climate for Undocumented Latinx College Students

In this conceptual essay, I address the question “Who Belongs” by examining how Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Latino Critical Theory (LatCrit) can inform an understanding of how the U.S. immigration climate relates to undocumented Latinx college students. The following analysis is based on my reflections from conducting a qualitative study examining the experiences of 16 undocumented Latinx college students in the United States. I provide an overview of the current U.S. immigration climate followed by an explanation of CRT and LatCrit. I then offer an analysis of three discussion themes through a CRT and LatCrit lens: problematizing immigration policy and discourse, racist nativism, and interest convergence. Implications are included for how a CRT and LatCrit analysis can guide educator critical engagement with this topic.
National Trends of Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair Versus Open Repair in Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury.

Background Blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) occurs in Methods This was a retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank from 2007 to 2015. The primary end points of interest included the incidence of TEVAR and open repair, as well as mortality in BTAI patients undergoing intervention. Covariates were included in a multivariable analysis to determine risk for mortality in BTAI patients undergoing open repair versus TEVAR. Results We identified 3,628 BTAI patients undergoing intervention. Of these, 3,226 underwent TEVAR (87.9%), and 445 (12.1%) underwent open repair. Compared with open repair, TEVAR had a shorter mean length of stay (LOS) (19.8 vs. 21.3 days, P Conclusions The rate of open repair decreased from 7.4% in 2007 to 1.9% in 2015, whereas TEVAR increased from 12.1 to 25.7% during the same time period. We confirmed previous findings that endovascular repair is associated with decreased mortality, LOS, and major complications, including AKI. Future investigations should focus on identifying the ideal patient candidate for TEVAR and elucidate precise indications for TEVAR in BTAI.
Tungsten ionizers with controlled porosity for cesium-ion engines.

Porous tungsten of a predictable high pore density has been developed for use as a high-efficiency ionizer in cesium-ion engines. Fine spherical tungsten powder was separated into six narrow size fractions ranging from 2.4 to 6.9 p in diameter. These powders were warm-pressed, at 400°C and 75,000 psi, to 74% of theoretical density. At a sintered density of 80% of theoretical, pore counts showed surface pore densities of 8 × 106 to 1.4 × 106 pores/cm2, depending upon original particle size. Curves are shown for pressed density versus sintered density for several particle sizes.
El Universal Vocabulario (1490) de Alfonso de Palencia y su conexión con el vocabulario tardorromano de Nonio Marcelo

The tradition of literary quotations in dictionaries stems back to Greek and Latin dictionaries of the Antiquity. In the Middle Ages, the most important dictionaries of Latin were based on a rather heterogeneous canon consisting of texts from the classical Antiquity and early Christian period as well as grammars and lexicographical works from the medieval period not reflecting the latinitas of Cicero and Vergil. The humanists aspired to restore the use of classical Latin, and set out to make the ancient classics available in the original. The invention of the printing press facilitated a wider distribution of ancient texts, which benefitted the development of better dictionaries that referred to "authoritative" texts. Around the same time, in 1470, a late Roman dictionary was published, which went unnoticed throughout the Middle Ages: De compendiosa doctrina by Nonius Marcellus. This dictionary is a compilation of vocabularies based systematically on quotations from "authoritative" texts from the period of the Roman Republic. Two years later, Alfonso de Palencia issued a dictionary of synonyms, De synonymis elegantibus libri III, which was clearly influenced by Nonius Marcellus's dictionary. In 1490, Palencia published his Universal Vocabulario en latin y en romance. This work is based on a medieval dictionary, but uses quotations from classical writers that are not taken from the original texts, but rather from Nonius Marcellus's work. The Universal Vocabulario is by no means the only dictionary which depends heavily on Nonius Marcellus's dictionary. During the following century, many authors – including Ambrosius Calepinus and Robert Estienne – drew on Nonius Marcellus's work. De compendiosa doctrina was the model which enabled humanist lexicographers to reactivate the principle of “authorities”, which in turn inspired the lexicography of European vernacular languages.
Fields of definition

Let k be an algebraically closed field and let X be a closed subvariety of Δn, defined by equations: $${f_i}({x_i}, \ldots ,{x_n}) = o,\quad 1 \leqslant i \leqslant m.$$
Kontextbedingungen für kommunale Partnerschaften in der Praxis

Ein kooperatives Verhaltnis zwischen Burgern und Stadtverwaltung ist heute zum kommunalpolitischen Glaubensbekenntnis avanciert. Dieser Satz gilt fur alle untersuchten Stadte. Die konkrete Planung, Umsetzung und Bewertung der Praxis erfolgen indessen unter jeweils unterschiedlichen Bedingungen.
Perbedaan Kecerdasan Emosi Guru Ditinjau Dari Jenis Kelamin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara empirik perbedaan kecerdasan emosi guru ditinjau dari jenis kelamin. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling , sampel penelitian sebanyak 50 orang. Intrusmen penelitian yang dipakai sebagai alata ukur penelitian berbentuk skala psikologi yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti dengan cara mempedomani aspek-aspek dan indikator variabel penelitian. Instrumen pengukuran dalam penelitian yaitu skala kecerdasan emosi yang dikembangkan oleh Goleman dalam Noriah, dkk (2004) dengan indeks reliabilitas Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0.914. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis anova 1 jalur. Berdasarkan analisis data penelitian didapatkan nilai F beda = 857.764 dengan sig = 0.000 <0.05, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kecerdasan emosi guru pria dengan kecerdasan emosi guru perempuan. Dengan kesimpulan kecerdasan emosi guru pria lebih tinggi daripada kecerdasan emosi guru perempuan.
Detecting Childhood Sexual Abuse in Couples Therapy

The authors seek to heighten therapists' awareness of the possibility of childhood sexual abuse as a contributing but often unrecognized factor in couple dysfunction. Guidelines are given for detec...
Management of Powdery Mildew on Flowering Dogwood with Soybean Oil

Abstract Soybean oil formulations developed in our laboratory were evaluated for control of powdery mildew on flowering dogwood Cornus florida. In a preliminary trial in a field nursery, two formul...
Shared-patient physician networks and their impact on the uptake of genomic testing in breast cancer.

Factors influencing the adoption of genomic testing are poorly understood, which may lead to inequitable and suboptimal treatment in cancer patients. Oncotype DX (ODX) is one of the first and most widely used genomic assays to stratify risk in women with early-stage breast cancer (BC). Physician networks have emerged as a significant and modifiable driver of emerging medical technology adoption. To investigate the association between physician network connections and the use of ODX testing. A retrospective study of women diagnosed with BC using SEER-Medicare from 2008 to 2012 was used. Medical oncologists were “connected” if they shared two or more patients during the early-adoption period (2008–2009). Parallel physician- and patient-level analyses employed logistic mixed models to determine the impact of being “connected” to an early-adopting oncologist on ODX use in 2011–2012. 24,463 women met study criteria; 12,874 were diagnosed with BC in the early-adoption time period. 2129 medical oncologists treated these patients from 2008 to 2009. Medical oncologists had a median number of peer connections of 4 (IQR: 2–7). Peer connection to an early-adopting provider in 2008–2009 was associated with a 1.7-fold increase in providers’ adopting ODX (95% CI: 1.1–2.6) and a 1.5-fold increase in their patients receiving ODX (95% CI: 1.1–2.0) in 2010–2012. Peer connectedness to an early-adopting physician predicts ODX adoption in both physician-level and patient-level analyses. Provider networks may provide a potent and modifiable means to modulate the diffusion of emerging medical technologies. Efforts to increase testing, where appropriate, may benefit from peer-to-peer-based connection strategies.
Differences in Tumor Microenvironment Dictate T Helper Lineage Polarization and Response to Immune Checkpoint Therapy

Summary Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) shows encouraging results in a subset of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) but still elicits a sub-optimal response among those with bone metastases. Analysis of patients’ bone marrow samples revealed increased Th17 instead of Th1 subsets after ICT. To further evaluate the different tumor microenvironments, we injected mice with prostate tumor cells either subcutaneously or intraosseously. ICT in the subcutaneous CRPC model significantly increases intra-tumoral Th1 subsets and improves survival. However, ICT fails to elicit an anti-tumor response in the bone CRPC model despite an increase in the intra-tumoral CD4 T cells, which are polarized to Th17 rather than Th1 lineage. Mechanistically, tumors in the bone promote osteoclast-mediated bone resorption that releases TGF-β, which restrains Th1 lineage development. Blocking TGF-β along with ICT increases Th1 subsets and promotes clonal expansion of CD8 T cells and subsequent regression of bone CRPC and improves survival.
Manualized cognitive behavioral group therapy to treat vasomotor symptoms for women diagnosed with mood disorders.

Abstract Objective This 6-week, prospective, single-arm study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of cognitive behavioral group therapy in peri- and postmenopausal women with mood disorders (major depression or bipolar) and problematic vasomotor menopausal symptoms. Methods 59 participants from an outpatient clinic with mood disorders and problematic vasomotor symptoms were enrolled. The primary outcomes were change from baseline to 6 weeks in Hot Flush Night Sweat Problem Rating, Hot Flash Related Daily Interference, and Quality of Life. Secondary outcomes were change in Hot Flush Frequency, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, anhedonia, beliefs and cognitive appraisals of menopause. ClinicalTrials.gov [identifier: NCT02860910 ]. Results On the Hot Flush Night Sweat Problem Rating, 39.3% improved 2 or more points, which was clinically relevant. Changes in Quality of Life (p = .001) and the Hot Flash Related Daily Interference Scale were also significant (p Conclusion This exploratory study suggests that CBGT is acceptable, feasible, and efficacious in women with mood disorders and problematic menopause vasomotor symptoms. Further studies are needed using more rigorous and controlled methods.
Unique Property: An Annotated Bibliography

This bibliography covers law review articles and supplemental A.L.R. entries published after 1997 on a variety of topics all within the characterization of “unique property”. We also include a handful of especially interesting pieces published in or before 1997, which we believe are just too good to pass up. A.L.R. entries, whose titles are usually self-explanatory, are cited, but not annotated. Similarly, articles that concern only a single case or a single state are cited, but not annotated. Illustrative topics include: Businesses, Career Assets, Educational and Professional Degrees, Intellectual Property, Pets, Gifts, Reproductive Material and Tort Damages.
Prevalence of Reintubation Within 24 Hours of Extubation in Bronchiolitis: Retrospective Cohort Study Using the Virtual Pediatric Systems Database.

Objectives High-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation are used to support children following liberation from invasive mechanical ventilation. Evidence comparing extubation failure rates between patients randomized to high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is available for adult and neonatal patients; however, similar pediatric trials are lacking. In this study, we employed a quality controlled, multicenter PICU database to test the hypothesis that high-flow nasal cannula is associated with higher prevalence of reintubation within 24 hours among patients with bronchiolitis. Design Secondary analysis of a prior study utilizing the Virtual Pediatric Systems database. Setting One-hundred twenty-four participating PICUs. Patients Children less than 24 months old with a primary diagnosis of bronchiolitis who were admitted to one of 124 PICUs between January 2009 and September 2015 and received invasive mechanical ventilation. Interventions None. Measurements and main results Among 759 patients, median age was 2.4 months (1.3-5.4 mo), 41.2% were female, 39.7% had greater than or equal to 1 comorbid condition, and 43.7% were Caucasian. Median PICU length of stay was 8.7 days (interquartile range, 5.8-13.7 d) and survival to PICU discharge was 100%. Median duration of intubation was 5.5 days (3.4-9.0 d) prior to initial extubation. High-flow nasal cannula was used following extubation in most (656 [86.5%]) analyzed subjects. The overall prevalence of reintubation within 24 hours was 5.9% (45 children). Extubation to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation was associated with greater prevalence of reintubation than extubation to high-flow nasal cannula (11.7% vs 5.0%; p = 0.016) and, in an a posteriori model that included Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 score and comorbidities, was associated with increased odds of reintubation (odds ratio, 2.43; 1.11-5.34; p = 0.027). Conclusions In this secondary analysis of a multicenter database of children with bronchiolitis, extubation to high-flow nasal cannula was associated with a lower prevalence of reintubation within 24 hours compared with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in both unmatched and propensity-matched analysis. Prospective trials are needed to determine if post-extubation support modality can mitigate the risk of extubation failure.
Gender and racial diversity among inventors and stock returns

We find that firms with higher gender and racial diversity of inventors have significantly superior stock returns than firms with more homogeneous inventors. A long-short value-weighted portfolio of firms, ranked on inventor diversity (ID), earned a four-factor alpha of 4.32% per year. The results are robust to controlling for known risk factors, firm characteristics, industry dummies, and weighting methodologies. The evidence suggests that the market does not fully price inventor diversity. Inventor diversity is also positively associated with future operating performance and future innovation. Consistent with the mispricing hypothesis, we find that the ID-return predictive power is stronger for firms with low investor attention, high valuation uncertainty, and for firms in industries with more competition for products, innovation, or labor. We also find that firms with greater ID are associated with larger future earnings surprises and higher cumulative abnormal returns around subsequent earnings announcements. Our results highlight the importance of gender and racial inventor diversity for firms and have important implications for regulators, economists, and investors.
Molecular Mechanisms of Maternal Diabetes Effects on Fetal and Neonatal Surfactant.

Respiratory distress is a significant contributor to newborn morbidity and mortality. An association between infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has been well recognized for decades. As obesity and diabetes prevalence have increased over the past several decades, more women are overweight and diabetic in the first trimester, and many more pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Glycemic control during pregnancy can be challenging due to the maternal need for higher caloric intake and higher insulin resistance. Surfactant is a complex molecule at the alveolar air–liquid interface that reduces surface tension. Impaired surfactant synthesis is the primary etiology of RDS. In vitro cell line studies, in vivo animal studies with diabetic rat offspring, and clinical studies suggest hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia can disrupt surfactant lipid and protein synthesis, causing delayed maturation in surfactant in IDMs. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for surfactant dysfunction in IDMs may improve clinical strategies to prevent diabetes-related complications and improve neonatal outcomes.
IoT Based Water Quality Monitoring System By Using Zigbee Protocol

This paper dictates the damages caused by water and what can be done to resolve those issues by involving the Internet of things (IoT). Keeping the quality of water in check is today's ultimate objective. Thereby, to guarantee safe drinking water supply, the quality of water should be observed regularly. The use of IoT based solution, focused mainly on water quality monitoring has therefore been suggested. In order to support the issue, an IoT-based water quality checking network has been introduced that continuously monitors and evaluates the quality of water and tries to distinguish whether it is up to the mark for general use. This paper includes the use of specific sensors that calculates the various parameters of the quality of water which includes conductivity and dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, pH, and temperature. The values from the sensors have been measured and calculated using the microcontrollers. Then these processed remote values have been transmitted to the raspberry pi, the central controller which uses the Zigbee protocol. Lastly, all the data from the sensors are then accessible via cloud computing through any browser, on request.
Ultrafast x-ray pump x-ray probe transient absorption spectroscopy: A computational study and proposed experiment probing core-valence electronic correlations in solvated complexes.

Femtosecond x-ray pump–x-ray probe experiments are currently possible at free electron lasers such as the linac coherent light source, which opens new opportunities for studying solvated transition metal complexes. In order to make the most effective use of these kinds of experiments, it is necessary to determine which chemical properties an x-ray probe pulse will measure. We have combined electron cascade calculations and excited-state time-dependent density functional theory calculations to predict the initial state prepared by an x-ray pump and the subsequent x-ray probe spectra at the Fe K-edge in the solvated model transition metal complex, K4FeII(CN)6. We find several key spectral features that report on the ligand-field splitting and the 3p and 3d electron interactions. We then show how these features could be measured in an experiment.
Pubic Symphysis Separation and Regression in Vaginal versus Cesarean Delivery.

OBJECTIVE To quantify the association of pubic symphysis separation with mode of delivery and follow the resolution of this physiologic separation in the postpartum period. METHODS Prospective observational cohort study that recruited two cohorts of primiparous women: those undergoing vaginal and cesarean delivery (45 and 46 patients, respectively). Chart review collected intrapartum factors. Patients were followed with serial anterior-posterior radiographs within 48 hours of delivery and at 6, 12, and 24 weeks postpartum, to evaluate the extent of pubic symphysis separation. Differences between the two cohorts in intrapartum factors were assesses as was pubic symphysis separation at each time point. RESULTS Mean age of women was 25.8 (SD 5.1) years, and 56% were White. Mean birth weight was 3.5 (SD 0.52) kg. Mean immediate postpartum pubic symphysis separation was 7.6 (SD 2.2) mm and did not differ between groups, at 7.18 mm for vaginal delivery versus 8.04 mm for cesarean delivery (CD; P = 0.08). Pubic symphysis separation was not significantly different for CD with and without labour. Black race and obesity were associated with increased pubic symphysis separation. No intrapartum events were related to extent of separation. Normalization of pregnancy pubic symphysis separation to 4-5 mm occurred by 6 weeks postpartum. Separation of >10mm and <15mm occurred in 10 of the 91 women and occurred after vaginal and cesarean delivery. The widest pubic symphysis separation was observed in 3 patients after vaginal delivery. CONCLUSION Physiological pubic symphysis separation occurs during pregnancy and regresses postpartum with minimal effects from labour and delivery. Cesarean delivery does not prevent physiological pubic symphysis separation.
Risk-perception-aware control design under dynamic spatial risks.

This work proposes a novel risk-perception-aware (RPA) control design using non-rational perception of risks associated with uncertain dynamic spatial costs. We use Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) to model the risk perception of a decision maker (DM) and use it to construct perceived risk functions that transform the uncertain dynamic spatial cost to deterministic perceived risks of a DM. These risks are then used to build safety sets which can represent risk-averse to risk-insensitive perception. We define a notions of "inclusiveness" and "versatility" based on safety sets and use it to compare with other models such as Conditional value at Risk (CVaR) and Expected risk (ER). We theoretically prove that CPT is the most "inclusive" and "versatile" model of the lot in the context of risk-perception-aware controls. We further use the perceived risk function along with ideas from control barrier functions (CBF) to construct a class of perceived risk CBFs. For a class of truncated-Gaussian costs, we find sufficient geometric conditions for the validity of this class of CBFs, thus guaranteeing safety. Then, we generate perceived-safety-critical controls using a Quadratic program (QP) to guide an agent safely according to a given perceived risk model. We present simulations in a 2D environment to illustrate the performance of the proposed controller.
The Business Library Never Sleeps

UF's Online Business Library met the moment. When the global pandemic forced the University of Florida to close in March 2020 and move all classes online, students and faculty working remotely had the same access to the Business Library's 200 business research databases as they had when they were on campus. The Business Library is always open, 24/7, anytime, everywhere.
A transposon expression burst accompanies the activation of Y-chromosome fertility genes during Drosophila spermatogenesis

Transposable elements (TEs) must replicate in germline cells to pass novel insertions to offspring. In Drosophila melanogaster ovaries, TEs can exploit specific developmental windows of opportunity to evade host silencing and increase their copy numbers. However, TE activity and host silencing in the distinct cell types of Drosophila testis are not well understood. Here, we reanalyze publicly available single-cell RNA-seq datasets to quantify TE expression in the distinct cell types of the Drosophila testis. We develop a method for identification of TE and host gene expression modules and find that a distinct population of early spermatocytes expresses a large number of TEs at much higher levels than other germline and somatic components of the testes. This burst of TE expression coincides with the activation of Y chromosome fertility factors and spermatocyte-specific transcriptional regulators, as well as downregulation of many components of the piRNA pathway. The TEs expressed by this cell population are specifically enriched on the Y chromosome and depleted on the X chromosome, relative to other active TEs. These data suggest that some TEs may achieve high insertional activity in males by exploiting a window of opportunity for mobilization created by the activation of spermatocyte-specific and Y chromosome-specific transcriptional programs.
The four-carbon saccharinic acids.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the four-carbon saccharinic acids. When an aqueous solution of a carbohydrate is treated with a base, carbohydrate substances known as “saccharinic acids” are produced. During the oxidation of maltose in alkaline solution, an acid had been produced whose phenylhydrazide had an analysis agreeing perfectly with that calculated for a four-carbon saccharinic acid. The properties of the free acid were those that would be expected of one of these acids. Its configuration could not, however, be reported at that time because of the absence of data as to the properties and constants of the four-carbon saccharinic acids. The chapter describes the synthesis of the four-carbon saccharinic acids that includes: (1) 3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acids, (2) 2 ,4-dihydroxybutanoic acids, (3) 2 ,3-dihydroxybutanoic acids, and (4) 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid. 2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid, a 3-deoxytetronic acid, is the only theoretically possible four-carbon metasaccharinic acid ; it was isolated by Nef in the DL form in the course of his work on the action of sodium hydroxide on D-arabinose. It therefore constitutes the only four-carbon saccharinic acid isolated to date from a sugar-alkali reaction.
Teaching Literature to Highlight Social Policy Issues

Abstract Graduate social work education can be enhanced through extensive and appropriate use of relevant literary works. This paper describes an elective course for second-year graduate social work students in which twentieth-century novels were used to highlight social policy issues. The paper deals with the relationships between art and social realities and the usefulness of literature for social policy analysis. A detailed account of this course and its evaluation is presented as well as its potential for replication.
Phylogenetic Systematics and the Early History of Mammals

Numerous recent authors have used phylogenetic systematics to study mammalian evolution. As a result, there have been many fundamental changes in our view of early mammalian history compared with the view of a decade ago. However, even phylogenetic analyses have produced conflicting interpretations of this history. On closer inspection, many of the conflicts may simply reflect the different samples of taxa and characters that have been brought to bear on this issue. In a series of computer parsimony analyses, different rates of evolution in the dentition, skull, and postcranium were responsible for different tree topologies that resulted when different, restricted character samples were analyzed. When sampling artifact is removed and all available character data analyzed, a highly corroborated, stable phylogeny remains, which is largely consistent with the temporal distributions of taxa recorded in the fossil record. Several patterns dominate this phylogeny. Most transformations in the head involved elaborate repackaging of an expanded brain and special sense organs, remodeling of the masticatory system, and accelerated evolution of a highly complex dentition. Postcranial evolution involved differentiation of the vertebral column and remodeling of the limbs and girdles, associated with parasagittal gait. Another pattern involved evolutionary miniaturization similar in detail to historical patterns in other miniaturized tetrapod lineages, suggesting the existence of developmental constraints common to all tetrapods. Although some of these patterns have long been recognized, others have become evident only as the effects of rate and sampling in phylogenetic analyses have become more fully understood.