cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Stability of Hedonic Coalition Structures

We consider the partitioning of a society into coalitions in purely hedonic settings, i.e., where each player's payoff is completely determined by the identity of other members of her coalition. We first discuss how hedonic and nonhedonic settings differ and some sufficient conditions for the existence of core stable coalition partitions in hedonic settings. We then focus on a weaker stability condition: individual stability, where no player can benefit from moving to another coalition while not hurting the members of that new coalition. We show that if coalitions can be ordered according to some characteristic over which players have single-peaked preferences, or where players have symmetric and additively separable preferences, then there exists an individually stable coalition partition. Examples show that without these conditions, individually stable coalition partitions may not exist. We also discuss some other stability concepts, and the incompatibility of stability with other normative properties. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C71, A14, D20.
Generalized linear models with unspecified reference distribution

We propose a new class of semiparametric generalized linear models. As with existing models, these models are specified via a linear predictor and a link function for the mean of response Y as a function of predictors X. Here, however, the “baseline” distribution of Y at a given reference mean μ0 is left unspecified and is estimated from the data. The response distribution when the mean differs from μ0 is then generated via exponential tilting of the baseline distribution, yielding a response model that is a natural exponential family, with corresponding canonical link and variance functions. The resulting model has a level of flexibility similar to the popular proportional odds model. Maximum likelihood estimation is developed for response distributions with finite support, and the new model is studied and illustrated through simulations and example analyses from aging research.
IMPLICATIONS OF PRECIPITATION REDISTRIBUTION FOR SHIFTS IN TEMPERATE SAVANNA ECOTONES

In contrast to documented increases in woody plant dominance of former savannas and grasslands of North America, ecotones between oak (Quercus L.) woodlands and semi-desert grasslands of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico have been relatively stable over the past several centuries. Soil resource partitioning, wherein shallow-rooted grasses use summer precipitation and deep-rooted woody plants use winter precipitation, may have contributed to the stable coexistence of grasses and trees that form savannas at this ecotone. Thus, predicted changes in regional precipitation patterns and soil moisture caused by anthropogenic trace gas emissions have the potential to alter interactions between woody plants and grasses with potential ramifications for their relative abundance and distribution. We used a field experiment to investigate the response of the dominant woodland and savanna tree Quercus emoryi to simulated potential scenarios of precipitation redistribution within the context of shif...
Impact of Childhood Epilepsy on Maternal Sleep and Socioemotional Functioning

Examinations of parental adjustment to their children's chronic illness and parental sleep effects on their daily functioning have been conducted independently over the past 2 decades. As a result, very little is known about the association between parental sleep patterns and parental adjustment to their children's illnesses. The goal of this study was multifaceted. Little is known about the sleep patterns of parents within a stressful situation such as having a child who experiences chronic health problems; therefore, more descriptives of parents' sleep patterns needed to be identified. The second facet of this study was to examine the relationship between parental sleep problems and other measures of parental adjustment to their children's chronic illness. Findings from 50 parents of children (5 years old and younger) who had been diagnosed with epilepsy revealed that parents spent an average of 4 hours sleeping during the night; awaking at least 3 times to check on their children. Parental awakening during the night was positively related to the number of seizures reported during a typical 24-hour period and parent perception of the seizure severity. Parental nighttime awakenings were inversely associated with parents' perceptions of their own sleep quality, marital satisfaction, and maternal health. Findings from this study highlight the need for clinicians to investigate the current sleep patterns of parents whose children are receiving treatment for pediatric epilepsy.
Assets 2005 doctoral consortium

The ASSETS 2005 Doctoral Consortium was a resounding success, involving eight doctoral candidates and three faculty advisors, plus one transitional advisor. The doctoral candidates included:•Miguel AlonsoFlorida International University•Rita HubertPace University•Kanav KaholArizona State University•Peter ParenteUNC-Chapel Hill•Kathy PriceUMBC•Andrea TartaroNorthwestern University•Ted WattenbergNOVA Southeastern University•Jacob WobbrockCarnegie Mellon University
Crystal Structure of Aurora-2, an Oncogenic Serine/Threonine Kinase

Aurora-2 is a key member of a closely related subgroup of serine/threonine kinases that plays important roles in the completion of essential mitotic events. Aurora-2 is oncogenic and amplified in various human cancers and could be an important therapeutic target for inhibitory molecules that would disrupt the cell cycle and block proliferation. We report the first crystal structure of Aurora-2 kinase in complex with adenosine. Analysis of residues in the active site suggests differences with structurally and biologically related protein kinases. The activation loop, which contains residues specific to the Aurora family of kinases, has a unique conformation. These results provide valuable insight into the design of selective and highly potent ATP-competitive inhibitors of the Aurora kinases.
Remagnetization of the Tonoloway Formation and the Helderberg Group in the Central Appalachians; testing the origin of syntilting magnetizations

SUMMARY Palaeomagnetic, rock magnetic, geochemical and strain studies of the Helderberg Group and the Tonoloway Formation in the Valley and Ridge province of West Virginia were performed to test the origin of syntilting magnetizations and to test the mechanisms of chemical remanent magnetization (CRM) acquisition. The test for a connection between strain and remagnetization was performed by comparing the types and levels of strain with the magnetic properties between the generally coarse-grained, thickly bedded Helderberg and the thinly bedded and finer-grained Tonoloway. Standard tilt tests as well as optimal differential untilting from two transects on the Wills Mountain anticline indicate that the Helderberg contains a pervasive late syntilting (∼30 per cent untilting) characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) whereas the Tonoloway contains a well defined early syntilting ChRM-1 (∼76 per cent untilting) as well as a ChRM-2, which is similar to the ChRM in the Helderberg. The ChRMs reside in magnetite. The rock magnetic results from the two units are similar although the Helderberg samples have a finer apparent grain size, perhaps as a result of magnetic hardening. Strain data reveal an apparent correlation between the syntilting magnetizations and types/degrees of pressure solution strain. Pressure solution strain is higher in the Helderberg and lower in the Tonoloway. Strain may have caused rotation of magnetic minerals, but it not clear that the differences in strain between the units were high enough to cause the rotations that are needed to explain the tilt test results. Several other viable hypotheses were also investigated. One hypothesis is a strain-enhanced chemical process that caused dissolution and precipitation of new magnetite in solution structures during folding. A preliminary test of this hypothesis produced inconclusive results. Another hypothesis, consistent with some of the characteristics of the magnetizations in the Helderberg and Tonoloway units, is that the rocks were partially to completely remagnetized by a piezoremanent remagnetization process. Geochemical results show that origin of the remanence carrying grains cannot be attributed to orogenic type fluids but were probably caused by a burial diagenetic process.
Task constraints on affordance boundaries

The actualization of a simple affordance task—grasping and moving wooden planks of different sizes using either one or two hands—was assessed in the context of taskrelevant (plank sequence, plank presentation speed) and task-irrelevant (cognitive load) manipulations. In Experiment 1, fast (3 s/plank) and self-paced (≈5 s/plank) presentation speeds revealed hysteresis; the transition point for ascending series was greater than the transition point for descending series. Hysteresis was eliminated in the slowest presentation speed (10 s/plank). In Experiment 2, hysteresis was exaggerated by a cognitive load (counting backward by seven) for both fast and slow presentation speeds. These results suggest that behavioral responses to the attractor dynamics of perceived affordances are processes that require minimal cognitive resources.
The Obligation to Resist Oppression

In 1944, the year after the Great Bengal Famine, 45.6 per cent of widowers surveyed ranked their health as either “ill” or “indifferent.” Only 2.5 per cent of widows made the same judgement. This subjective ranking belied their actual situations since, as a group, the widows’ basic health and nutrition tended to be particularly abysmal. These women were starving and yet most of them claimed not to be sick. One explanation for this unwarranted stoicism is that, unlike men who were similarly situated, these women reacted to the scarcity of food by coming to believe that what little food there was should not be wasted on them.1 This is (literally) a textbook case of the problem of adaptive preferences; the reason the Bengali women formed these desires while the men did not is that they had already internalized prevalent sexist social mores that granted women’s interests less importance than men’s.2 Because these women did not believe their interests mattered as much as others’, they did not experience their starvation as worth complaining about.
Indirect adaptive control for systems with input rate saturation

An indirect adaptive control design with anti- windup augmentation for stable systems subject to input magnitude saturation is extended to address systems with significant input rate constraints. We use the method of interpreting the dynamics of the actuator, the plant and the unconstrained controller such that either the linear matrix inequality (LMI) or the Riccati based anti-windup compensator design approaches for systems with input magnitude limitations can be exploited. We combine the control structure including the anti-windup compensator with an adaptive law and show that the stable performance of the nominal design is preserved in the presence of input rate saturation despite the unknown plant parameters. The proposed indirect adaptive control design methodology can be employed to recover the unconstrained tracking performance of plants with large parametric uncertainties by suppressing the adverse effects of dominant input rate saturation.
Critical Swimming Speeds of Yellow Perch Perca Flavescens: Comparison of Populations from a Naturally Acidic Lake and a Circumneutral Lake in Acid and Neutral Water

The objectives of this study were to determine if environmental acidity reduces swimming performance in the acid-tolerant yellow perch ( Perca flavescens ) and to use swimming performance as an indicator of fitness in testing whether fish from naturally acidic environments perform better in acidic water. Perch from a naturally acidic lake (pH4.4) or a nearby circumneutral lake were swum after either 5–7 months of laboratory acclimation to simulated soft, natural waters or after more than 2 years of acclimation to hard, circumneutral water. The performance test was a critical swimming speed (U crit ) determination, with 5 cms −1 velocity increments at 30min intervals. Low environmental pH (4.0) produced significant decreases in average swimming performance in each of three experimental series. Acid decreased performance in most but not all fish. The two perch populations had similar mean U crit values when swimming in acid water. Pre-acclimation to hard water significantly increased swimming performance. Gravid females acclimated to acid water had very low critical swimming speeds in acid water, whereas U crit , changed little in acid water when oogenesis occurred in neutral water.
Computational Methods in Optimal Control Problems

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses a few computational methods in optimal control problems. In recent years, there has been great interest in the subject of optimal control theory. This theory has been derived primarily by applying the results from the mathematical theory of the calculus of variations to the basic feedback control system problem. This has led to a few important contributions to the theory of the calculus of variations and to a few interesting results for feedback control systems. Automatic control is now being applied to systems of increasing complexity and importance. These applications have led to requirements for extreme precision, which have, in some cases, been met by intuitively conceived control schemes of an unconventional nature. When a dynamic control system is described by a set of state variables that are related by ordinary differential equations, the problem of optimizing the control with respect to some explicit function of these state variables can be formulated mathematically.
Learning potential functions from human demonstrations with encapsulated dynamic and compliant behaviors

We consider the problem of devising a unified control policy capable of regulating both the robot motion and its physical interaction with the environment. We formulate this control policy by a non-parametric potential function and a dissipative field, which both can be learned from human demonstrations. We show that the robot motion and its stiffness behaviors can be encapsulated by the potential function's gradient and curvature, respectively. The dissipative field can also be used to model desired damping behavior throughout the motion, hence generating motions that follows the same velocity profile as the demonstrations. The proposed controller can be realized as a unification approach between "realtime motion generation" and "variable impedance control", with the advantages that it has guaranteed stability as well as does not rely on following a reference trajectory. Our approach, called unified motion and variable impedance control (UMIC), is completely time-invariant and can be learned from a few demonstrations via solving two (convex) constrained quadratic optimization problems. We validate UMIC on a library of 30 human handwriting motions and on a set of experiments on 7-DoF KUKA light weight robot.
Abstract A07: Combining CTLA4 and PD-L1 blockade leads to complete eradication of metastatic osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma remains one of the most common bone cancers in children and adolescents. While conventional therapy can be effective at reducing or stabilizing primary osteosarcoma tumors, metastatic disease is typically refractory to treatment. Previously, we have investigated the role of PD-1 in limiting the efficacy of CTL to mediate metastatic osteosarcoma immune control. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions in metastatic osteosarcoma dramatically improves survival outcomes by enhancing the function of osteosarcoma-specific CTL. However, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade treated mice still succumb to disease due to the development of PD-L1 antibody resistance. Combinational CTLA-4 and PD-L1 blockade treated mice were able to completely eradicate metastatic osteosarcoma, and generate immunity to disease. These results suggest that blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma may lead to tumor resistance, requiring combinational immunotherapies to combat disease. Citation Format: Danielle M. Lussier, John L. Johnson, Pooja Hingorani, Joseph N. Blattman. Combining CTLA4 and PD-L1 blockade leads to complete eradication of metastatic osteosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A07.
Review: Scramble for the Past: A Story of Archaeology in the Ottoman Empire, 1753–1914 by Zainab Bahrani, Zeynep Çelik, and Edhem Eldem, eds.

Zainab Bahrani, Zeynep Celik, and Edhem Eldem, eds.. Scramble for the Past: A Story of Archaeology in the Ottoman Empire, 1753–1914 Istanbul: SALT, 2011, 519 pp., 178 illus. $58.99 (paper). ISBN 9789944731270 This admirable, innovative volume offers a unique panorama of archaeology and the traffic in antiquities generated in Ottoman lands during the essential formative period of the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. While it does not discuss Ottoman Egypt and Palestine (whose inclusion might have doubled the page count), Scramble for the Past engages strategically with archaeology and its institutions in modern-day Turkey, as well as Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, and Greece. The book’s editors and contributors analyze activities by English, French, German, and Austrian scholars and archaeologists at home and abroad. Further, and crucially, they break new ground by considering the motivations of the Ottoman peoples and government, rescuing them from the more common role of largely passive or picturesque backdrop for Western narratives of discovery. In their introductory essay, “Archaeology and Empire,” the editors state as their goal to challenge the view that “scientific archaeology” constitutes “a purely disinterested realm of scholarship” (25). Instead, this volume provides an impressive roster of the often buried and less than purely scientific or objective interests that motivated Western archaeological discovery in this portion of the world. Two particular themes recur throughout. First is the centrality of imperialism, the seemingly never-absent tie between scientific and political activities. Perhaps the most striking example occurs in Shawn Malley’s essay, “The Layard Enterprise.” Malley presents Austen Henry Layard, …
A New Heterothallic Species of Sordaria from Ceylon

During the course of isolating fungi from soil samples collected in Ceylon, an isolate was found typical of the genus Sordaria. Singleascospore cultures were self-sterile but cross-fertile. Additionally, each monoascosporic culture produced sclerotium-like structures. Since no known species of Sordaria produces a sclerotium-like stage (3, 4, 7, 8), this characteristic is sufficient to distinguish the isolate which is here described as a new species.
37 Promoting social and community changes as the basis for suicide prevention

To date, there have been no effective, broadly applied, comprehensive and sustainable approaches to preventing suicide and risk-related premature deaths in the United States. Rare examples of exceptional programs exist – in the US Air Force and the police force of Montreal, Quebec, Canada – but no one has replicated these results, nor is it clear that they are suitable for dealing with the extraordinary diversity within and between states, let alone an entire country. Preventing suicides and premature deaths – to the extent that there is a substantial reduction in population-level rates – will require systemic, systematically applied and coordinated interventions. They will require carefully crafted public health initiatives that reach far ‘upstream’ while also dealing with persons on the ‘edge of death.’ While suicide is often viewed from the perspectives of individuals who have killed themselves, these deaths are drawn from diverse groups who share common characteristics. Effective prevention programs must address the diversity of these groups even as it is essential to meet the needs of individuals suffering great distress. Suicide prevention must be built as a mosaic; no single piece will convey the entire picture. This presentation will consider an approach developed with a partner State to design and implement a “full court press” approach necessary for creating and sustaining the mosaic of efforts required for preventing suicide, attempted suicide, and antecedent risks that are common to these adverse outcomes, as well as other related forms of premature death. It will consider the challenges involved when promoting effective, broad based coalitions; the opportunities from forging synergies among diverse groups; the development of dynamic models to explore the impact of programmatic changes and interventions; and the central role of “culture change” that will be essential to creating and sustaining a powerfully effective suicide prevention movement.
Confined Underwater Implosions Using 3D Digital Image Correlation

This study experimentally investigates fluid structure interactions occurring during confined implosions using high-speed digital image correlation (DIC). Aluminum tubular specimens are placed inside a confining cylindrical structure with one end open to a pressurized environment. These specimens are exposed to hydrostatic pressure, which is slowly increased until they collapse onto themselves. The implosion event is viewed through an acrylic window on the confining structure. Full field deformation and velocities are captured with DIC and are synchronized with the pressure history. Experiments show that implosion inside a confining structure leads to extremely high oscillating water hammer effects. Both peak structural velocities and hammer impulses increase linearly with increasing collapse pressure.
Impact of Virtual Reality Simulators in Training of Robotic Surgery

Virtual reality has been used in robotic surgery to develop simulators to train surgeons in a stress free environment using realistic models and surgical simulation, without adversely affecting operating time or patient safety.
Identifying Patients at Risk of Early Relapse after Submyeloablative Allogeneic HSCT.

Abstract Since graft-vs-tumor effects are the mainstay of sustained disease control after submyeloablative (mini) allogeneic transplantation, rapidly-progressive malignant disease may not be curable with SMAT. Figure 1 shows the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD and relapse (n=35) in 63 patients undergoing mini-allografts for hematologic malignancies (acute leukemia, lymphoma/CLL, myeloma). Download : Download high-res image (61KB) Download : Download full-size image The pattern suggests that a substantial number of relapses occur before chronic GVHD and associated GVT get established. The purpose of this analysis was to see if patients at risk of early relapse (relapse within 100 days; n=15 in this series) could be identified based on pre-transplant characteristics (diagnosis, chemosensitivity, Hb Download : Download high-res image (92KB) Download : Download full-size image The curves showing the temporal relationship between chronic GVHD and early relapse based upon Hb or disease tempo suggest that patients with Hb ≥9 or those with “slow” disease stand to benefit more than the others from graft-vs-tumor effects. Accordingly, restriciting mini-allografts to patients with Hb ≥9 or those with “slow” disease would be expected to improve outcome in terms of disease-free survival. However, neither of these two factors is particularly satisfactory: Hb
Pixel-by-pixel absolute three-dimensional shape measurement with modified Fourier transform profilometry

The single-pattern Fourier transform profilometry (FTP) and double-pattern modified FTP methods have great value in high-speed three-dimensional shape measurement, yet it is difficult to retrieve absolute phase pixel by pixel. This paper presents a method that can recover absolute phase pixel by pixel for the modified FTP method. The proposed method uses two images with different frequencies, and the recovered low-frequency phase is used to temporally unwrap the high-frequency phase pixel by pixel. This paper also presents the computational framework to reduce noise impact for robust phase unwrapping. Experiments demonstrate the success of the proposed absolute phase recovery method using only two fringe patterns.
Die Erstellung des Forschungsberichts

Das Ziel eines Forschungsberichts besteht vor allem darin, das der Leser genau versteht, was der Untersucher von Anfang an tun wollte, wie er bei seiner Arbeit vorging, warum wahrend der Arbeit bestimmte Richtungen eingeschlagen wurden und welche Ergebnisse und moglichen Folgerungen sich aus der Arbeit ergeben. Naturlich kann der Untersucher i. allg. annehmen, das der zukunftige Leser des Berichts uber einen allgemeinen psychologischen Wissenshintergrund verfugt und uber statistische Verfahren Bescheid weis. Der Untersucher sollte es also einerseits vermeiden, triviale oder belanglose Details in seinem Bericht aufzufuhren, andererseits sollte er aber auch hinreichend viel prazise Informationen bringen, so das der Leser die Arbeit ganz klar und eindeutig verstehen kann und, wenn er wollte, im Optimalfall die Arbeit replizieren konnte.
Superior Vena Cava Reconstruction Using Femoropopliteal Vein as a Panel Graft

There has been an increase in superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome secondary to the growing use of indwelling catheters and pacemaker wire insertions. These 2 factors can account up to 74% cases of benign SVC syndrome. Endovascular therapy is considered the first line of treatment. Surgery is an excellent option and is generally reserved for SVC syndrome not amenable to traditional endovascular procedures. We report a case of central venous reconstruction including an SVC reconstruction using the femoropopliteal vein as a panel graft in a patient with SVC syndrome due to pacemaker wires who failed multiple endovascular interventions.
“Going natural”: Black women’s identity project shifts in hair care practices

Hair care, a seemingly mundane consumption practice, is packed with sociocultural meanings and constitutes an important realm of identity work for consumers. Drawing upon existing literature on con...
New Perspectives for Managing Relationships through Psychological Marketing Orientations: Insights and Lessons from a New Psychological Contract.

The exigencies of the situation and the increasing dynamics of managing today’s business, and the realizations that today’s customers are the source of competitive advantage, should compel marketers and firms to build bridges across oceans not walls, in order to dig and uncover hidden treasures, missed opportunities and latent wants. The quests to amass wealth and out-perform competitors have led most marketers to put their selfish interests ahead of customers’. This has created spatial gap between the marketing firm, its products and services on one hand and the customer, and his needs, on the other hand. In the new dispensations, marketers must act decisively to redeem their lost image. Over the years the integrity and reputations of most organizations have been hung in the balance due to shoddy and ineffective marketing practices, leading to sub-optimal performance, poor customer retention, and poor service delivery, and negative perception about their true identities. The existing marketing practices that defined relationships in terms of meeting the immediate needs of both marketers and customers based on pre-defined set of rules, have increasingly become inadequate and inconsequential in the emerging turbulent marketing climates. It has therefore become self-evident that the 21 st century marketing firms must design strategies and practices that allow them to partner with customers by giving attention to the psychological aspect of the bargain. Evidently, this study portends to be the first of its kind to examine the psychological thrust of building and sustaining relationships with customers in a social contract exchange platform particularly within the context of Sub-Sahara Africa.
High risk, low return: The achievement effects of restructuring in disadvantaged schools

Studies of school ‘restructuring’ have linked the concept to a specific normative agenda of organizational and instructional practices (such as individualized or small-group instruction, heterogeneous grouping, and team teaching). Though a number of theoretical and empirical studies point to the positive direct and indirect effects of these practices on student achievement, they tend to overlook a body of prior work suggesting that students in disadvantaged schools tend to benefit academically from more traditional types of arrangements. Tracing and building upon this literature, this study examines the impact of ‘restructuring’ on mathematics achievement among students attending a sample of socioeconomically disadvantaged schools. After controlling for salient student background characteristics, our study found no significant difference in math achievement levels between nonrestructured schools and schools that had been restructured for at least three years. However, significantly lower levels of math achievement were found among schools that had been ‘restructured’ for less than three years. We argue that these findings reflect the fact that the high complexity associated with many ‘restructured’ practices pose special problems and risks for disadvantaged schools.
USING TIMBRE IN A COMPUTER-BASED IMPROVISATION SYSTEM

Timbre is an important structural element in nonidiomatic free improvisation [1]. An interactive software system that improvises in such a context should be able to analyze and respond to gestures with rich timbral information. We have been working on a system that improvises with British saxophonist John Butcher, whose complex vocabulary incorporates extended saxophone playing techniques, as well as use of amplification and feedback [19]. Butcher’s rich and diverse saxophone sounds are classified into broad perceptual categories that might be useful for improvisers. The general behavior of our system is influenced by real-time timbral characteristics, as well as other musical parameters. As in contexts involving non-idiomatic free improvisation, the emphasis is on working with abstract sound, gesture, and texture, rather than more traditional parameters such as pitch and harmony.
The physiological stop pathway: target regulation of axonal growth.

Axonal growth or regeneration is dependent upon a combination of intrinsic neuronal and extrinsic environmental factors. The interplay of these factors determines whether an axon grows, reaches an appropriate target and forms functional connections with that target. While many studies have focused on axonal growth and the factors necessary for that growth, relatively fewer studies, until recently, have addressed the question of how axons stop growing.
Adult ESL Immigrant Learners

Why do critics demand that immigrants learn English but continue to dismantle needed programs and funding?
Improving railroad wheel inspection planning using classification methods

Railroad wheel inspection attempts to identify failing wheels from a large population of wheels in service. This is a critical yet time consuming task. This paper presents a machine learning approach to automate the identification process using collected data from wheel inspection. Decision tree based and support vector machine based classification methods have been applied to the wheel inspection data analysis. A variation of the bagging ensemble approach is developed to improve the classification accuracy. The results of these methods achieve an identification accuracy of 80%. Analysis of the rules and models derived, as well as comparisons of the classification results obtained using the two base classification approaches are presented.
Toluene Hydrogenation Over Supported Platinum Catalysts

Abstract The specific activity for toluene hydrogenation on supported Pt depended on the support utilized and followed the sequence: Pt/SiO2-Al2O3〉Pt/TiO2〉Pt/Al2O3 ≥ Pt/SiO2. The activation energy was independent of the support and had an average value of 12 kcal/mol. The apparent reaction order on hydrogen was found to be independent of the support and increased from 0.7 at 333K to over unity at 373K, whereas the reaction order on toluene remained near zero over the same temperature range. These results are qualitatively similar to those found previously with supported Pd catalysts except that the turnover frequencies on Pt catalysts can be more than 30 times higher. A model proposed for Pd is also applicable to Pt catalysts, that is, the enhanced activity can be attributed to a reaction between spilled-over hydrogen and toluene adsorbed on the oxide surface in the metal-support interfacial region.
Judaism in Newton’s Study of Scriptural Prophecy

Mr. Newton is really a very valuable man, not only for his wonderful skill in mathematics, but in divinity also, and his great knowledge in the Scriptures, wherein I know few his equals.1
UNIT 12.1 Preparation of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extracts from Mammalian Cells

Extracts prepared from the isolated nuclei of cultured cells have been instrumental in dissecting the mechanisms by which transcription and mRNA processing occur. These extracts are able to recapitulate accurate transcription initiation and splicing in vitro, which has been useful in direct functional studies. They also serve as the starting material for purification of proteins that can then be reassembled in functional studies or examined in more detail biochemically. This unit describes the preparation of nuclear extracts from cultured cells and optimized production of transcriptionally active extracts from HeLa cells. Additional protocols describe optimization of the method to increase the yield of specific proteins, adaptation of the method for downstream applications such as affinity purification, and preparation of the cytoplasmic (S-100) fraction. Keywords: Nuclear extract; cytoplasmic extract
Abstract 589: Amygdala Activity Assessed by 18-FDG PET/CT Associates with Coronary Plaque Burden Quantified by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in Psoriasis

Introduction: Psoriasis (PSO), a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased prevalence of both stress and coronary artery disease, provides a model to study the role of perceived stress...
Peripheral ameloblastoma. A case report.

Summary The peripheral or extraosseous ameloblastoma is a rare tumour of the oral cavity. Only a few well-documented cases have been reported. One additional case of this infrequent tumour in a 70-year-old edentulous man is described. The tumour arose on the mucosa of the lower alveolar crest. It was asymptomatic tender, with a raised and red appearance. The tumour was excised and no evidence of recurrence was seen five years later. Peripheral ameloblastoma probably arises from oral mucosa or from cell rests. It is less invasive than its intraosseous counterpart, and surgical excision with adequate margins is the treatment of choice.
Hopf bifurcation in the informational nudging of boundedly rational decision makers

Two alternatives decision making task has been studied by psychologists for decades. In this paper, we consider the problem from a control theoretical point of view where a boundedly rational decision maker repeatedly responds to a strategic revelation of information. Dynamical properties of our previously proposed model are analyzed, and stability result is improved by connecting to a larger set of parameters. We show that an arbitrary mixed-strategy equilibrium point can be created and stabilized if the chosen equilibrium point itself, together with the decision maker's personality and total budget for information provision, meet certain conditions; otherwise, a limit cycle will appear, featuring the occurrence of a Hopf bifurcation in the system.
Predicting Eurovision Song Contest Results by Interpreting the Tweets of Eurovision Fans

The Eurovision Song Contest is Europe's most well-known international competition for musical performance and songwriting. The winner of the contest is determined by a voting system that takes into account the opinions of viewers across the continent and around the world. This paper attempts to identify a link between the overall sentiment of Twitter users toward the performances and the eventual winner selected by Eurovision voters. More than 900,000 English and Spanish-language tweets that were posted during the 2019 Eurovision Song Contest were collected for this study. The tweets were analyzed to identify the sentiment and target performance for each. The results of this analysis were used to determine a predicted rank for each performance, resulting in a Spearman $\rho$ correlation coefficient of 0.559 and a Kendall $\tau$ correlation coefficient of 0.403.
Prospects for the Use of Upconverting Nanoparticles as a Contrast Agent for Enumeration of Circulating Cells in vivo.

Purpose We recently developed a new fluorescence-based technique called "diffuse in vivo flow cytometry" (DiFC) for enumerating rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) directly in the bloodstream. Non-specific tissue autofluorescence is a persistent problem, as it creates a background which may obscure signals from weakly-labeled CTCs. Here we investigated the use of upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) as a contrast agent for DiFC, which in principle could significantly reduce the autofluorescence background and allow more sensitive detection of rare CTCs. Methods We built a new UCNP-compatible DiFC instrument (U-DiFC), which uses a 980 nm laser and detects upconverted luminescence in the 520, 545 and 660 nm emission bands. We used NaYF4:Yb,Er UCNPs and several covalent and non-covalent surface modification strategies to improve their biocompatibility and cell uptake. We tested U-DiFC with multiple myeloma (MM) and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in tissue-mimicking optical flow phantoms and in nude mice. Results U-DiFC significantly reduced the background autofluorescence signals and motion artifacts from breathing in mice. Upconverted luminescence from NaYF4:Yb,Er microparticles (UμNP) and cells co-incubated with UCNPs were readily detectable with U-DiFC in phantoms, and from UCNPs in circulation in mice. However, we were unable to achieve reliable labeling of CTCs with UCNPs. Our data suggest that most (or all) of the measured U-DIFC signal in vitro and in vivo likely arose from unbound UCNPs or due to the uptake by non-CTC blood cells. Conclusion UCNPs have a number of properties that make them attractive contrast agents for high-sensitivity detection of CTCs in the bloodstream with U-DiFC and other intravital imaging methods. More work is needed to achieve reliable and specific labeling of CTCs with UCNPs and verify long-term retention and viability of cells.
The role of neutrophils in mediating stroke injury in the diabetic db/db mouse brain following hypoxia-ischemia.

Abstract Diabetic mice exhibit increased mortality and morbidity following stroke. Recent studies from our laboratory have indicated that increased morbidity in diabetic db/db mice relative to their non-diabetic db/+ littermates is associated with increased levels of MMP-9 protease activity, increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and greater neutrophil infiltration following hypoxic/ischemic (H/I) insult. Neutrophils are a major source of proteases and reactive oxygen species and studies have reported neutrophil depletion/inhibition is protective in certain models of experimental stroke. The objective of the current study is to determine the role of neutrophils in the increased morbidity seen in db/db mice following acute ischemic stroke. In this study, we found a significant increase in circulating neutrophils in the db/db mice at 4 h post H/I, which bound to endothelial cells in the ipsilateral hemisphere and infiltrated into brain tissue by 24 h of recovery. Depletion of circulating neutrophils resulted in reduced neutrophil concentrations in blood and in the ipsilateral hemispheres of the brain of both db/+ and db/db mice and decreased the levels of MMP-9 within the infarcted area. This resulted in smaller infarct size in the db/db mice compared to non-treated controls but did not affect stroke outcome in db/+ mice. While there was a significant correlation between neutrophil number and the levels of MMP-9 in the ipsilateral hemisphere of control and diabetic mice, surprisingly, neutrophil depletion had no effect on BBB permeability in either group. Thus, the current study suggests that neutrophil depletion reduces MMP-9 protease levels and improves stroke outcome in db/db mice but not in their db/+ counterparts.
How to Interpret Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for Clinicians

Introduction: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a clinically proven method for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck, and forearm. It is used for manag...
Performance Management Systems: How Companies are Rethinking People Development

Business has become increasingly globalized, interconnected, and disrupted by the unceasing progress of technology. As markets span ever-larger geographical areas, the war for talent among companies continues to heat up. As businesspeople enter the workforce, they seek not only challenging and stimulating roles with competitive compensation, but also organizations dedicated to people development. To attract the best and the brightest, companies are finding that they must demonstrate a commitment to training, coaching, and career planning. At the heart of people development is performance management, and this note does a deep dive on how performance management systems are wound into the fabric of our companies, how to leverage effective tools for evaluating and coaching employees, and how to look to examples of best-in-class organizations for creating a strong performance feedback culture. Excerpt UVA-OB-1219 Jun. 29, 2018 Performance Management Systems: How Companies are Rethinking People Development Over the past few decades, the business environment has become increasingly globalized, interconnected, and disrupted by the unceasing progress of technology. As markets span ever-larger geographical areas, the war for talent among companies continues to heat up. As businesspeople enter the workforce, they seek not only challenging and stimulating roles with competitive compensation, but also organizations dedicated to people development. To attract the best and the brightest, companies are finding that they must demonstrate a commitment to training, coaching, and career planning. At the heart of people development is performance management. Truly great companies understand that people are their most important assets. In order to achieve long-term success as organizations, and as managers, we must understand how performance management systems are wound into the fabric of our companies, leverage effective tools for evaluating and coaching employees, and look to examples of best-in-class organizations for creating a strong performance feedback culture. Charles O'Reilly III and Jeffrey Pfeffer, two thought leaders in organizational behavior, note in their book, Hidden Values, that ultimately, great companies don't just hire great people, but develop “cultures and systems in which these great people can actually use their talents—and, even better, management practices that produce extraordinary results from almost everybody.” The development of these systems requires deliberate design and an occasional fine-tuning. . . .
Assessment of littoral algal diversity from the northern Gulf of Mexico using environmental DNA metabarcoding

Traditional methods for algal biodiversity monitoring are costly and time inefficient because they rely on high-level taxonomic expertise to address species identity problems involving phenotypic plasticity and morphological convergence. These problems are exacerbated in regions such as the Gulf of Mexico, that has a limited history of phycological exploration, but that are economically important or threatened by numerous anthropogenic stressors. Given the high pace of disturbance to natural systems, there is a critical need for expedient and cost-effective tools for the study of benthic algal communities. Here we document the use of environmental DNA metabarcoding, using the partial LSU rDNA and 23S rDNA plastid molecular markers, to elucidate littoral algal diversity in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. We assigned 73.7% of algal OTUs to genus and 59.6% to species ranks. Our current study detected molecular signals for 35 algal/protist species with no previous reports in the Gulf of Mexico, thus providing an important, molecular-validated, baseline of species richness for this region. We also make several bioinformatic recommendations for the efficient use of high-throughput sequence data to assess biological communities.
LaSalle-Yoshizawa Corollaries for Nonsmooth Systems

In this technical note, two generalized corollaries to the LaSalle-Yoshizawa Theorem are presented for nonautonomous systems described by nonlinear differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides. Lyapunov-based analysis methods that achieve asymptotic convergence when the candidate Lyapunov derivative is upper bounded by a negative semi-definite function in the presence of differential inclusions are presented. A design example illustrates the utility of the corollaries.
To protect and modify double-stranded RNA - the critical roles of ADARs in development, immunity and oncogenesis

Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) are present in all animals and function to both bind double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and catalyze the deamination of adenosine (A) to inosine (I). As inosine is a biological mimic of guanosine, deamination by ADARs changes the genetic information in the RNA sequence and is commonly referred to as RNA editing. Millions of A-to-I editing events have been reported for metazoan transcriptomes, indicating that RNA editing is a widespread mechanism used to generate molecular and phenotypic diversity. Loss of ADARs results in lethality in mice and behavioral phenotypes in worm and fly model systems. Furthermore, alterations in RNA editing occur in over 35 human pathologies, including several neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, and cancers. In this review, a basic introduction to ADAR structure and target recognition will be provided before summarizing how ADARs affect the fate of cellular RNAs and how researchers are using this knowledge to engineer ADARs for personalized medicine. In addition, we will highlight the important roles of ADARs and RNA editing in innate immunity and cancer biology.