cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Interference at work: a case report of a malfunctioning insulin pump

Insulin pumps operate almost universally in the work environment. Tubeless insulin pumps are a relatively recent development for management of insulin-dependent diabetes. This is the first report of location-dependent failure of insulin pump function, possibly due to external interference, occurring only in the setting of a medical center. A successful solution to this problem was designed and implemented. In conclusion, heightened awareness of this possibility in individuals who use tubeless insulin pumps in a medical environment would seem prudent, as when identified, it can be easily corrected.
Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience in Dialogue: Commentary on Paper by Arnold H. Modell

Arnold H. Modell has been engaged in an ongoing effort to advance psychoanalysis as well as to integrate psychoanalytic theory and relevant domains of science, particularly neuroscience, with psychoanalytic practice. He has been articulating a biology and construction of meaning and the role of metaphor as he attempts to understand the relationship between mind and brain. Modell strives to understanding how “matter becomes imagination,” as well as the relationship between the first-person psychological unconscious and the third-person neurophysiological unconscious. The latter, according to Modell, is interpreted by a personal “autobiographical self” and given meaning. This discussion of Modell's theories will include historical and contemporary attempts to understand how “matter becomes imagination.” Although there is a growing neuroscience research base for articulating the reverse, i. e., “how imagination becomes matter,” the present author will focus on the project Modell h as placed before himself an...
Regulatory focus and new venture performance: A study of entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation under conditions of risk versus uncertainty

Research on cognitive fit suggests that entrepreneurs will be most successful at leading their firms when approaching the entrepreneurial process through the self-regulatory mode that most closely matches the requirements of their environment and its accompanying perspective on the nature of entrepreneurial opportunities. Consistent with the discovery view of entrepreneurial opportunities, it is suggested that a prevention focus will be the most effective self-regulatory mode for entrepreneurs leading their firms within stable industry environments, which are characterized by risk. Building from the creation view of entrepreneurial opportunities, it is argued that a promotion focus will be the most effective self-regulatory mode for entrepreneurs leading their firms within dynamic industry environments, which are characterized by uncertainty. These arguments are tested using a national (United States) random sample of 201 lead entrepreneurs. The findings indicate that in dynamic environments, entrepreneurs' promotion focus is positively associated with venture performance (i.e., lagged measures of revenue and employment growth), while entrepreneurs' prevention focus is negatively related to performance in such environments. In both cases, these effects are found to be fully mediated by deviation from firms' original business concepts. In stable environments, however, no significant relationships between entrepreneurs' promotion or prevention focus and new venture performance were observed. These results suggest that low cognitive fit (a mismatch between entrepreneurs' mode of self-regulation and the decision-making context in which they operate) is more damaging in dynamic environments (i.e., a context of uncertainty) than in stable environments (i.e., a context of risk). Copyright © 2009 Strategic Management Society.
High-speed inline profiler using a modified Fourier transform method for measuring integrated circuit surface profiles

We propose a high-speed surface profiler using a modified Fourier transform profilometry (FTP) approach. Our system geometry is different from a conventional profiler in that the fringe-projection lens and the imaging lens are at different heights from a reference plane. FTP computer simulation and experimental data are provided that supports our theoretical development. Our profiler provides a 1σ rms error of about 4 μm for an integrated circuit chip sample in an area of 14 mm × 6.5 mm with a 0.13 second data acquisition time. It is shown that our theoretical derivation is suitable for a micrometer scale object measurement.
Diaper-embedded urinary tract infection monitoring system powered by a urine-powered battery

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections accounting for more than 7 million office visits per year. Although mostly uncomplicated and easily treatable, if identified early, UTI can be a major source of morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients, in particular, those suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, and in infants who have difficulties in communicating symptoms, making early identification of UTIs crucial. In this paper, we present a diaper-embedded, wireless, self-powered, and autonomous UTI monitoring sensor module that allows an effortless early detection of UTIs. The sensor module consists of a paper-based colorimetric nitrite sensor, urine-powered batteries, a boost converter, a low-power sensor interface utilizing pulse width modulation (PWM), and a Bluetooth low energy (BLE) module for wireless transmission. Experimental results show a better detection of nitrite, a surrogate of UTI, than conventional dipstick testing. The sensor module achieves a sensitivity of 1.35 ms/(mg/L) and a detection limit of 4 mg/L for nitrite.
How Corporations Set Their Dividend Payout Ratios

This article provides an accessible account of why dividend policy matters and how companies may set dividend payout ratios. Important variables include rates of growth of revenues and/or internal investment, financial and operating leverage, and ownership structure.
Hand-assisted laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty: early results.

Minimally invasive hand-port-assisted laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty has the potential to reduce postoperative complications after bariatric surgery. We analyzed the postoperative course of 46 hand-port-assisted laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasties (LVBG) completed between January 1998 and April 1999. The operating time for the LVBG was shorter (140.8±6.0 vs 180.2±6.3 min; p<0.05). Individuals were able to ambulate sooner (1.36±0.09 vs 2.44±0.16 days; p<0.05), and start oral intake earlier (2.7±0.27 vs 3.7±0.17 days; p<0.05) than the open vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) controls. Three staple line leaks were detected in this group. Two leaks resolved without clinical sequelae, but one patient developed intraabdominal sepsis. This complication extended the average hospital stay to 6.8±2.00 days, as compared to 7.71±0.18 days for historical controls. By discounting this patient from the analysis, we arrive at a more representative length of hospitalization of 4.82±0.34 days (p<0.05). LVBG offers a good alternative to the standard open VBG. Although this procedure has a relatively short learning curve, it should be done at centers with an interest in bariatric surgery.
Whither Agrarian Economy in the United States

W H HAT will become of the family farm in the United States? Will it remain the dominant type of farm business organization? Or will it disappear in this capitalistic commercial age? Will it give way to corporation farming applying the methods of large business concerns to the tasks of farming with the result that the rural community composed of owner-operator farmers will essentially be lost? Or will it decline towards the peasant levels in Europe? What is the true objective toward which we should direct our efforts if we are to maintain a sound agriculture without which we cannot have a sound nation? These questions go to the very heart of the farm problem. There has been a great deal of discussion during the past few years concerning "the passing of the family farm" and the coming ascendancy of the corporation farm as the dominant type of managerial unit in agriculture. W. E. Dodd thinks the farmer is headed toward peasantry, whatever that term may be taken to mean; while L. M. Hacker writes with journalistic flourish that the farmer is doomed to wage slavery under a capitalistic system which is destined to submerge the family farm. Henry Ford is satisfied that the factory system is the only solution of the farm problem. These discussions may be disregarded as not being founded upon an adequate understanding of the determining factors in agriculture. The purpose of this paper is to direct attention to the several forms of farm ownership and operation in the United States and to consider the dominant objective of a sound agrarian economy without which we cannot have a sound nation. The independent farm proprietorship, designated more generally as the family farm, first commands our attention. By this term is meant a farm "large enough to occupy the reasonable working time of the farmer and his family" by the use of "'the best and most efficient tools and machinery known to the farming world, with ample horse power, or some other form of power, to drive that machinery." The essential characteristics of the family farm unit are a moderate investment of capital particularly in implements, machinery, and other equipment; a substantial income, and a comparatively high standard of living. It contemplates economic independence and the enjoyment of a reasonable share of the comforts and luxuries of life. It implies education and refinement. A community composed of family farms operated by their owners provides the best schools and churches. It develops the best real rural leadership. It promotes cooperation most effectively. The family farm is deeply rooted in American life. It constitutes today, as it has in the past, the basic tenet of millions of American families. It is more than a business; it is a mode of life. This does not mean that the family farm will prevail as the characteristic type of farming in the United States without a thorough study and understanding of the problem and the formulation of agricultural policies with this objective definitely in mind. The family farm has come to the crossroads. The liquidation process through which it has been passing and
Effect of exogenous steroids and inhibitors of steroidogenesis on endotoxin shock.

SummarySuppression of corticosteroid production by inhibitors effected a tenfold increase in susceptibility of mice to death from endotoxin shock. Amphenone B and metyrapone caused some increase in susceptibility, but if given more than 1 hr before the endotoxin afforded protection to the test animals. Aminoglutethimide exerted a deleterious effect for at least 24 hr. The effect of the aminoglutethimide was reversed by pregnenolone, progesterone and deoxycorticosterone, although the LD50 remained lower than in the control animals. Corticosterone, cortisone and hydrocortisone afforded marked protection in both the endotoxin treated mice as well as the endotoxin-inhibitor treated mice. Andros-tenedione caused a decrease in the LD50 value in both the control and aminoglutethimidetreated mice. By contrast 17-a-hydroxyprogesterone afforded no protection against endotoxin in the control mice and a significant, but miniscule, degree of protection in the inhibitor-treated mice.This investigation was supported by ...
Ulcerative colitis and colon cancer

Chronic ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the colon associated with an increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy with biopsy for mucosal dysplasia (precancer) can identify individuals with ulcerative colitis who are at increased risk for colorectal cancer. Identification of high-risk individuals can be used to guide clinical decisions regarding the timing and appropriateness of prophylactic colectomy.
Becoming Bioarchaeology? Traditions of Physical Anthropology and Archeology in Armenia

“Bioarchaeology” has recently made its way into publications and presentations on the physical anthropology and archeology of Armenia. Like other regions discussed in this book, bioarchaeology has been heralded as a new and important approach to analyze skeletal remains that moves away from typology toward historical reconstruction of human behavior. Yet, the questions asked, discussions, and presentation of skeletal analysis look quite different from Western—and particularly American—bioarchaeology. This chapter explores the history of the physical anthropology of skeletal materials from Armenia, tracing the major debates and interpretations from the late nineteenth century, through Soviet ethnogenesis, to recent trends that have shaped the discipline within Armenia today. In each major period of research, the ways that physical anthropologists have analyzed skeletal remains and interpreted past peoples have shifted. Thus, while the question of Armenian origins has remained a constant theme; the different approaches in each period of research have allowed for distinctly different claims about the relationship between populations in the past and the present. These ways of thinking about the past in relation for the present have implications for how bioarchaeology is and can be incorporated into the analysis of archeological human remains in Armenia.
Convergence with Probability One: Correlated Noise

The most powerful method in Chapter 5 was the “general compactness method” of Section 5.3. The basic assumption for that method is that the asymptotic “rate of change” of the martingale M 0(·) is zero with probability one. It was shown in Subsection 5.3.2 that the rate of change condition is quite weak and yields convergence under what are probably close to the weakest conditions on both the noise and step size sequences, when the underlying noise is of the martingale difference form. In this chapter it is shown that the same approach yields excellent results for correlated noise. General assumptions of the type used in Section 5.3 are stated in Subsection 1.1 and the main convergence theorem is proved in a straightforward way in Subsection 1.2.
Outcomes in Postoperative Pediatric Cardiac Surgical Patients Who Received an Antiepileptic Drug.

BACKGROUND: Advances in cardiac operations over the last few decades, including corrective operations in early life, have dramatically increased the survival of children with congenital heart disease. However, postoperative care has been associated with neurologic complications, with seizures being the most common manifestation. The primary objective of this study is to describe the outcomes in pediatric patients who received an antiepileptic drug (AED) post–cardiac surgery. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was performed in all patients less than 18 years of age who received an AED in the cardiovascular intensive care unit at Texas Children's Hospital from June 2002 until June 2012. Cardiac surgical patients initiated on phenobarbital, phenytoin, and levetiracetam were queried. Patients were excluded if the AED was not initiated on the admission for surgery. Patients who received 1 AED were compared to patients who received 2 AED, and differences in outcomes examined between the 3 AEDs used were evalu...
Village and Larger Economies: The Theory and Measurement of the Townsend Thai Project.

I have spent close to 20 years cataloging transactions between households in Thai villages, along with a research team. Just this past summer, we documented a number of ways in which even relatively poor villages have money markets not dissimilar in some ways from New York financial markets, with borrowing and repayment passing along links in credit chains. In another project, we have been looking at month-by-month school attendance, grade level completion, and graduation for children in these villages, following them from birth to graduation. The Townsend Thai project is a theory-based data collection endeavor, measuring and mapping village and larger economies into general equilibrium frameworks. This paper reviews a number of findings, implications, applications, and lessons learned, and considers next steps.
Prevalence of weight loss attempts and behaviors used by individuals with psoriasis in the United States population.

AbstractObjective: To examine weight loss behaviors of individuals with psoriasis in the American population and compare them to individuals without psoriasis.Methods: An analysis of data from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted. A total of 9174 Americans were included, with 232 self-reporting psoriasis. Measures included weight history and subjective physical activity, as well as the prevalence of weight loss attempts and weight loss behaviors over the past 12 months.Results: Participants with psoriasis were no more likely to have attempted to lose weight than participants without psoriasis (46.3 vs. 38.2%, p = .161). Likewise, the proportion of participants with psoriasis desiring to weigh less was similar to those without psoriasis (67.4 vs. 61.9%; p = .277). Only 48.0% of participants with psoriasis employed exercise to lose weight, as compared to 62.4% without psoriasis (p = .027). Among participants that attempted to lose weight, only 16.1% with psor...
Advancing neuromuscular ultrasound through research: Finding common sound

Introduction: Neuromuscular ultrasound (NMUS) is an accepted, but underutilized, diagnostic tool in the evaluation of neuromuscular disorders. The lack of uniform high-quality standards in published research and in clinical practice has been a limitation to its growth. Methods: In this article we address the shortcomings of NMUS research and establish basic standards to guide further work in the field. Results: A review of the basic types of NMUS research studies is presented, along with the elements that each should include. Basic standards for this imaging technique are also presented. An explanation of common data elements (CDEs) is provided with discussion of how NMUS may benefit from their creation. Conclusions: High-quality NMUS research is needed to advance the field. Assuring that publications meet basic standards is essential. In addition, the creation of CDEs specific for NMUS is proposed. Muscle Nerve 56: 375–378, 2017
A study on consumer switching behavior with a matching problem in electricity markets

This paper analyzes consumers' benefit, which is the monetary gain delivered to consumers, in a matching problem on transactions of electricity between suppliers and consumers. A previous study has dealt with a social welfare maximization problem to find a matching on an electricity market model. That problem, however, does not involve a solution of the matching in which all consumers can gain benefit. In order to raise the number of consumers who can make benefit, this paper presents a maximization problem of the minimum consumers' benefit. Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed problem determines a better matching solution compared with the previous social welfare maximization problem in terms of the number of consumers obtaining benefit.
Herpes Simplex and Epstein-Barr Viruses in Human Cells and Tissues: A Study in Contrasts

Humans are blessed with at least five herpesviruses, i.e., herpes simplex 1 (human herpesvirus 1, HSV-1), herpes simplex 2 (human herpesvirus 2, HSV-2), herpes zoster virus (human herpesvirus 3, HZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpesvirus 4, EBV), cytomegalovirus (human herpesvirus 5, CMV). In recent years three of these viruses, EBV, HSV-1, HSV-2, have become prominently associated with human cancer. The purpose of this chapter is to describe briefly the biology of these three herpesviruses in human cells and tissues. The chapter is organized into four sections dealing respectively with the virion and its components, the replication of herpesviruses in permissive cells, the infection of restrictive and nonpermissive cells, with the acute diseases, latency, neoplastic diseases associated with these herpesviruses.
Study of the Natural Auger Suppression Mechanism in Heterostructures through Heteroboundary Engineering.

Planar superlattice devices revolutionized our approach to solid-state technology by reducing the Shockley-Read-Hall losses to negligible levels. Despite these achievements, significant efficiency losses are found in current devices presumably caused by the Auger recombinations. This work present the theoretical considerations of the Auger recombination suppression through heterostructure engineering. It is found that Auger recombinations are suppressed through the heterobarrier-carrier interactions. It is shown that a minima in Auger recombinations exists in type-II and III heterostructures, and can be reached through proper conduction and valence band alignments. Furthermore, the careful consideration of the heterostructure enables natural Auger suppression for high operating temperatures. Dark current based on the optimized heterostructure was computed and found to be over an order of magnitude below the currently reported measurements for the superlattice and QD devices. This research provides crucial...
Mixed-Phenotype Acute Leukemia: Diagnostic Criteria and Pitfalls.

Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a heterogeneous category in the World Health Organization classification that comprises acute leukemias with discrete admixed populations of myeloid and lymphoid blasts (“bilineal”) or with extensive coexpression of lymphoid and myeloid markers in a single blast population (“biphenotypic”). Flow cytometric findings suggestive of MPAL are often met with consternation by pathologists and oncologists alike, owing to unfamiliarity with the disease and uncertainty about how MPAL fits into established paradigms for treatment of acute leukemia. The purpose of this review is to explain the diagnostic criteria for MPAL, summarize its biological and clinical features, and address common diagnostic pitfalls of these unusual leukemias.
A propensity score analysis of a community resettlement programme for women prisoners

This article presents results from a quasi-experimental evaluation of a prisoner resettlement project for women offenders. Overall the results show that there was no statistically discernible difference in the proven reoffending rate; but frequency of proven reoffending was higher for women who participated in the project compared to the matched comparison group. The approach taken here has broad relevance for those providing services in the community to offenders, as well as government agencies pushing through large-scale reforms to criminal justice as part of the Transforming Rehabilitation agenda. In mimicking the Ministry of Justice Datalab’s approach, this article also lays bare the strengths and limitations of this method when applied to interventions run by community organizations. Further implications for policy and research are discussed in the conclusion.
Brief report: Lactobacillus bulgaricus GLB44 (Proviotic™ ) plus esomeprazole for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND Recent studies of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus GLB44 plus a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) reported cures of more than 90% of patients with active Helicobacter pylori infections. AIM To confirm the high H. pylori cure rates reported previously. METHOD A pilot study was done in healthy H. pylori-infected volunteers using 3-gram sachet (3 billion cells) of L. delbrueckii GLB44 plus 22.3 mg of esomeprazole b.i.d., for 14 days. The result was determined by urea breath testing 4 weeks after therapy. Stopping rules required for ending enrollment if less than 3 of the first 10 subjects were cured. RESULTS Nine subjects were entered and because all failed to achieve negative urea breath test, the stopping rule required the study to end. CONCLUSION We were unable to confirm reports of achieving a high H. pylori cure rate with L. delbrueckii GLB44 plus a PPI.
Steering random spin systems to speed up the quantum adiabatic algorithm

A general time-dependent quantum system can be driven fast from its initial ground state to its final ground state without generating transitions by adding a steering term to the Hamiltonian. We show how this technique can be modified to improve on the standard quantum adiabatic algorithm by making a single-particle and cluster approximation to the steering term. The method is applied to a one-dimensional Ising model in a random field. For the limit of strong disorder, the correction terms significantly enhance the probability for the whole system to remain in the ground state for the proposed nonstoquastic annealing protocol. We demonstrate that even when transitions occur for stronger interaction between qubits, the most probable quantum state is one of the lower-energy states of the final Hamiltonian. Since the method can be applied to any model, and more sophisticated approximations to the steering term are possible, the alternative technique opens up an avenue for the improvement of the quantum adiabatic algorithm.
Fibrations in ∞-Category Theory

In this short expository note, we discuss, with plenty of examples, the bestiary of fibrations in quasicategory theory. We underscore the simplicity and clarity of the constructions these fibrations make available to end-users of higher category theory.
Human Superior Olivary Nucleus Neuron Populations in Subjects With Normal Hearing and Presbycusis

Introduction:Normative data on superior olivary nucleus neuron counts derived from human specimens are sparse, and little is known about their coherence with structure and function of the cochlea. ...
Development and initial psychometric validation of the Women's Partner-Directed Insults Scale

Abstract Verbal conflict is an unfortunate feature of some intimate relationships, and can have serious consequences for relationship members. Some previous research has investigated the content and correlates of men's partner-directed insults. No previous research has investigated the content or correlates of women's partner-directed insults, despite the fact that women also abuse their partners physically and non-physically. Here, we present the development and validation of a measure of women's partner-directed insults. In Study 1, we identified Women's Partner-Directed Insults Scale (WPDIS) items using men's nominations of insults directed at them by their female intimate partner. In Study 2, we developed a final version of the WPDIS, and provided evidence for the discriminant validity of the WPDIS. Discussion highlights limitations and future directions for research investigating women's partner-directed insults.
Effect of Substrate Rigidity on the Growth of Nascent Adhesion Sites

Mechanical stiffness of bio-adhesive substrates is one of the major regulators of the cell adhesion and migration. In this contribution, we propose a theoretical model for the spontaneous growth of focal adhesion sites on compliant elastic substrates at the early stages of cellular adhesion. Using a purely thermodynamic approach, we demonstrate that the rate of membrane-substrate association decreases with increasing the compliance of the substrate. This can be considered as a reason for smaller spread area of the focal adhesion points after the stabilization of adhesion on compliant substrates, as reported by experiments. We also show that the extent to which the compliance of the substrate modulates the growth rate of adhesion site depends on the areal density of cell-adhesive ligands on the substrate.
CLIMATE AND CLIMATE CHANGE | Radiative–Convective Equilibrium Climate Models

Radiative–convective models and key results of simulations with them such as multiple climate equilibria and runaway greenhouse are described. These simple climate models are widely used not only to simulate the thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere of the Earth and other planets but also to study their sensitivity to changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases, convective processes, clouds, and the flux of incoming solar radiation.
Reduction of the Skin Permeation of Xenobiotics Using Chemical Penetration Retarders

The permeability characteristics of human skin have been reasonably well established and have been extensively reviewed elsewhere (Barry, 1983; Wester and Maibach, 1992). Briefly, the barrier function of skin is the result of the distribution of intercellular lamellar lipids within the stratum corneum. These lipids, which are secreted from the corneocytes during the differentiation process, mainly comprise ceramides, fatty acids, cholesterol and cholesterol derivatives. There are several bilayer arrangements between each individual corneocyte and, at the lamellar lipid-corneocyte interface, there appears to be a unique attachment of ceramide molecules to the glutamate side chains of membrane proteins (Downing, 1992). Although the precise arrangement of the lipids within the stratum corneum intercellular bilayers is not yet established, the relative rigidity of the structures indicates that cholesterol and its derivatives play a major role in the structural matrix (Brain and Walters, 1993). The stratum corneum, therefore, presents a considerable lipophilic barrier to the permeation of chemicals.
Food from Animals

Figure 7.1 depicts a rough classification of the world in three ways: population density, areas of hunger, and the green belts. The hunger area is particularly interesting in that it is centered near the Equator in an area ranging from 10° south latitude to 30° north latitude. Population is also high in, but not confined to, this area. On the other hand, the “green belt” is a band from 30° to 55° latitude in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Unfortunately, most of this belt in the Southern Hemisphere is ocean. Thus, most of the grain production for human use is grown in the green belt of the Northern Hemisphere.
Centella asiatica attenuates hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and improves memory and executive function in β-amyloid overexpressing mice.

Abstract Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant used to enhance memory. We have previously shown that a water extract of Centella asiatica (CAW) attenuates β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced spatial memory deficits in mice and improves neuronal health. Yet the effect of CAW on other cognitive domains remains unexplored as does its in vivo mechanism of improving Aβ-related cognitive impairment. This study investigates the effects of CAW on learning, memory and executive function as well as mitochondrial function and antioxidant response in the 5xFAD model of Aβ accumulation. Seven month old 5xFAD female mice were treated with CAW (2 mg/mL) in their drinking water for two weeks prior to behavioral testing. Learning, memory and executive function were assessed using the object location memory task (OLM), conditioned fear response (CFR) and odor discrimination reversal learning (ODRL) test. Mitochondrial function was profiled using the Seahorse XF platform in hippocampal mitochondria isolated from these animals and tissue was harvested for assessment of mitochondrial, antioxidant and synaptic proteins. CAW improved performance in all behavioral tests in the 5xFAD but had no effect on WT animals. Hippocampal mitochondrial function was improved and hippocampal and cortical expression of mitochondrial genes was increased in CAW-treated 5xFAD mice. Gene expression of the transcription factor NRF2, as well as its antioxidant target enzymes, was also increased with CAW treatment in both WT and 5xFAD mice. CAW treatment also decreased Aβ-plaque burden in the hippocampus of treated 5xFAD mice but had no effect on plaques in the cortex. These data show that CAW can improve many facets of Aβ-related cognitive impairment in 5xFAD mice. Oral treatment with CAW also attenuates hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction in these animals. Because mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress accompany cognitive impairment in many pathological conditions beyond Alzheimer's disease, this suggests potentially broad therapeutic utility of CAW.
Optimal sampling scheme in men with abnormal multiparametric MRI undergoing MRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy.

Abstract Objectives To determine the implications of different prostate sampling schemes on the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCA, ISUP group 2–5) and clinically insignificant prostate cancer (ciPCA, ISUP group 1) in men with abnormal multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) undergoing MRI-transrectal ulrasound fusion targeted biopsies. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective analysis of a cohort including all men who had a single lesion on mpMRI of the prostate performed between January 2016 and June 2017. All men underwent an MRI-transrectal ulrasound fusion biopsy and systematic (SBx) sampling of the prostate, which combined and were considered the standard of reference. The hypothetical 3 biopsy sampling schemes were defined as follows: Targeted biopsy only (TBx), TBx + ipsilateral SBx (ipsi-SBx) and TBx + contralateral SBx (contra-SBx) and were evaluated for the detection of csPCA and ciPCA. Sensitivity and 95% intervals were calculated, McNemar test was used to compare sensitivities between the various sampling schemes. Results TBx + SBx detected csPCa in 47% (55 of 116) of the 116 men who met eligibility criteria. Sensitivity and 95% confidence intervals for csPCa detection was 85.5% (73.3%–93.5%), 96.4% (87.5%–99.6%), and 92.7 (82.4%–98%) for TBx alone, TBx + ipsi-SBx and TBx + contra-SBx, respectively. csPCa detection rates were higher for both TBx + ipsi-SBx and TBx + contra-SBx compared to TBx alone. Clinically insignificant cancers alone were detected in 7.7% (9 of 116), 10.3% (12 of 116), and 14.6% (17 of 116) of the cohort by TBx only and TBx + ipsi-SBx, and TBx + contra-SBx, respectively. Conclusions TBx + ipsi-SBx may increase the detection of csPCa while limiting overdiagnosis of indolent cancers.
Successful Surgery of Right Common Iliac Artery Injury during Lumbar Discectomy with Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta Performed by Cardiologists

A 19-year-old woman developed hypotension and abdominal distension during lumbar discectomy. Computed tomography revealed a right common artery injury and a large retroperitoneal hematoma. She was transferred to our hospital and brought to an angiography room directly. Endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta was performed by cardiologists while surgeons were preparing for surgery. With the hemodynamics stabilized, the injured artery was repaired. In such a case, closing the artery as soon as possible, whether by clamping or by balloon occlusion, is vital. The ability to respond with a "Heart Team" is essential for a small-manpower hospital to rescue a patient with a serious condition.
Design of a Miniaturized Wearable Respirable Dust Monitor (WEARDM) for Underground Coal Mines

This paper presents the designs of an air-microfluidic miniaturized wearable respirable dust monitor (WEARDM) which is designed to monitor the exposure to ISO respirable mass fraction (PM4) of coal and silica dust in underground coal mines. The device is an order of magnitude smaller and less expensive than comparable devices, and uses the principles of air-microfluidics to gravimetrically and in real-time monitor the exposure to PM4 by the miners, and can be used to increase the safety of the mining operations worldwide.
Wisdom Tooth's Revenge: Retropharyngeal Abscess and Mediastinitis after Molar Tooth Extraction

Retropharyngeal abscess is potentially associated with high morbidity and mortality as a result of its direct anatomical connection with the mediastinum. Therefore, knowledge of the relevant anatomy is essential for recognizing the presence and extent of disease in a timely manner. In this case report, we aim to review the pertinent anatomy and patterns of spread of infection from a full blown deep neck space infection to result in mediastinitis and empyema.
A Two-Phase 2MHz DSD GaN Power Converter with Master-Slave AO 2 T Control for Direct 48V/1V DC-DC Conversion

This paper reports a GaN power converter that achieves direct 48V/1V DC-DC voltage conversion with a two-phase DSD architecture at 2MHz, pushing the minimum duty ratio to a record low level of 2.1%. The AO2T control with elastic ON-time modulator leads to significant improvement on transient response and voltage droop performance, compared to prior arts. A master phase mirror enables adaptive master-slave phase operation, accomplishing automatic phase current balancing for improved reliability. The converter achieves a peak efficiency of 85.4%, with an active die of 1.46mm2 on 180nm HV BCD process.
Distal transradial access in the anatomical snuffbox for balloon guide-assisted stentriever mechanical thrombectomy: Technical note and case report

Recent trends in neuroendovascular surgery have seen a rise in alternative access utilization. Social media feeds such as #RadialFirst or #RadialForNeuro are the beacons of a growing movement among more and more endovascular neurosurgeons, as they venture away from the traditional femoral access gravitating toward radial access. We have previously shown our distal radial access technique utilizing the snuffbox to be a reliable means of endovascular access and in addition to traditional ventral radial access provides access to the entire cerebrum. Stroke thrombectomy often encounters reticence from those who prefer transfemoral access over the radial access. Thrombectomy has been performed radially in a few series and only once previously in a case report of distal radial access for thrombectomy. Hesitance to adopt radial access for mechanical thrombectomy is often related to perceived increased access times and a lack of suitable balloon guide catheters for radial techniques. Here, we present one of the first descriptions of a distal transradial access with balloon guide flow arrest for stentriever thrombectomy.
Outcomes of Isolated Fetal Ventriculomegaly That Resolve In Utero

Objective Isolated fetal ventriculomegaly is often an incidental finding on antenatal ultrasound. It is benign in up to 90% of cases, although it can be associated with genetic, structural, and neurocognitive disorders. The literature suggests that over 40% of isolated mild ventriculomegaly will resolve in utero, but it is unclear if resolution decreases the associated risks. The aim of this study is to compare the fetal and neonatal genetic outcomes of ventriculomegaly that persists or resolves on subsequent ultrasound. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with isolated ventriculomegaly via fetal ultrasound at a tertiary referral center between 2011 and 2019. Patients were excluded if other structural anomalies were identified on ultrasound. Results A total of 49 patients were included in the study, 19 in the resolved ventriculomegaly group and 30 in the persistent ventriculomegaly group. Women in the resolved ventriculomegaly group were more likely to be diagnosed earlier (24 vs. 28 weeks, p = 0.007). Additionally, they were more likely to have mild ventriculomegaly (63 vs. 84%, p = 0.15), and less likely to have structural neurological abnormalities diagnosed on postnatal imaging (5 vs. 17%, p = 0.384), although these were not statistically significant. Aneuploidy risk for resolved compared with persistent ventriculomegaly was similar (5 vs. 7%, p = 0.999). Conclusion This study suggests that resolution of isolated ventriculomegaly in utero may not eliminate the risk of genetic or chromosomal abnormalities in this population and may warrant inclusion as part of the counselling of these at-risk patients. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings. Key Points
Sequence analysis of the coding regions of the apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2) gene in Miniature Schnauzers with idiopathic hypertriglyceridemia

It has been hypothesized that idiopathic hypertriglyceridemia in Miniature Schnauzers is hereditary, but the gene responsible has yet to be identified. The objective of this study was to determine if there were coding variants in the apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2) gene in Miniature Schnauzers with idiopathic hypertriglyceridemia. Blood samples from 12 Miniature Schnauzers with idiopathic hypertriglyceridemia were analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood, and the three coding exons of APOC2 were amplified by PCR. The PCR amplicons were sequenced and analyzed for variants relative to the canine reference genome (CanFam3.1 assembly). A second objective was to determine the extent of variation in coding exons of APOC2 in a large and diverse canine population using the Dog Biomedical Variant Database Consortium variant catalog, comprised of whole genome sequencing variant calls from 582 dogs of 126 breeds and eight wolves. There were no variants detected in the coding exons of APOC2 for any of the 12 Miniature Schnauzers with idiopathic hypertriglyceridemia. Variants in the coding exons of APOC2 were also rare in the Dog Biomedical Variant Database Consortium variant catalog; a single synonymous variant was identified in a heterozygous state in a Tibetan Mastiff. Thus, we concluded that coding variants in APOC2 are unlikely to be a major cause of idiopathic hypertriglyceridemia in North American Miniature Schnauzers and furthermore, that such coding variants are rare in the canine population.
Binding of alpha-ACTN4 to EGF receptor enables its rapid phosphorylation

Abstract Alpha-ACTN4, a member of alpha-actinin family is critical for cell motility through its regulated binding of actin filaments. We previously found that EGF exposure of cells triggers the tyrosyl-phosphorylation of ACTN4 in fibroblasts that dramatically downregulates its binding to actin filaments. However, the exact kinase remained uncertain. In the present study, we report that the phosphorylation of ACTN4 occurs within seconds upon EGF treatments and is accomplished via direct interaction of ACTN4 with the EGF receptor. The major binding domain of ACTN4 for EGF receptor is mapped to the N-terminal 32 amino acids. A second domain minimizes the interaction, as truncation of the C-terminal tail enhances ACTN4 binding to EGF receptor. A mimetic phosphorylated ACTN4, Y4/31E, presents low binding to EGF receptor. Overexpression of EGF receptor in melanoma cell lines, also accomplishes the phosphorylation of ACTN4 in the presence of EGF. These findings suggest that the binding of ACTN4 to EGFR enables its direct and rapid phosphorylation resulting in dissociation from EGFR and decreased binding to actin filaments.
Vertex operators in background with NS–NS flux using Berkovits–Vafa–Witten variables

String equations for the vertex operators of type IIB on AdS3×S3 background with NS–NS flux are calculated using Berkovits–Vafa–Witten formalism. With suitable field definitions, the linearized field equations for six-dimensional supergravity and a tensor multiplet on AdS3×S3 are recovered from these. We also discuss the massless degrees of freedom that survive the S3 Kaluza–Klein compactification and how our vertex operators are related to the vertex operators introduced by Giveon, Kutasov, and Seiberg.
Improving Diversity in Pediatric Residency Selection: Using an Equity Framework to Implement Holistic Review.

Background Many programs struggle to recruit, select, and match a diverse class of residents, and the most effective strategies for holistic review of applications to enhance diversity are not clear. Objective We determined if holistic pediatric residency application review guided by frameworks that assess for bias along structural, interpersonal, and individual levels would increase the number of matched residents from racial and ethnic groups that are underrepresented in medicine (UiM). Methods Between 2017 and 2020, University of California San Francisco Pediatrics Department identified structural, interpersonal, and individual biases in existing selection processes and developed mitigation strategies in each area. Interventions included creating a shared mental model of desirable qualities in residents, employing a new scoring rubric, intentional inclusion of UiM faculty and trainees in the selection process, and requiring anti-bias training for everyone involved with recruitment and selection. Results Since implementing these changes, the percentage of entering interns who self-identify as UIM increased from 11% in 2015 to 45% (OR 6.8, P = .008) in 2019 and to 35% (OR 4.6, P = .035) in 2020. Conclusions Using an equity framework to guide implementation of a pediatric residency program's holistic review of applications increased the numbers of matched UiM residents over a 3-year period.
Continuation of outpatient buprenorphine therapy after dispensing Buprenorphine-Naloxone from the emergency department.

Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) are frequently seen in the ED for opioid-related reasons, which creates an opportunity for ED providers to discuss medications for OUD with their patients. B...
Effects of chilling rate on outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores in vacuum-packaged cooked beef and pork

Cooked, chilled beef and cooked, chilled pork were inoculated with three strains of Clostridium perfringens (NCTC 8238 [Hobbs serotype 2], NCTC 8239 [Hobbs serotype 3], and NCTC 10240). Inoculated products were heated to 75 degrees C, held for 10 min in a circulating water bath to heat activate the spores, and then chilled by circulating chilled brine through the water bath. Samples were chilled from 54.4 to 26.6 degrees C in 2 h and from 26.6 to 4.4 degrees C in 5 h. Differences in initial C. perfringens log counts and log counts after chilling were determined and compared with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) stabilization guidelines requiring that the chilling process allow no more than 1 log total growth of C. perfringens in the finished product. This chilling method resulted in average C. perfringens increases of 0.52 and 0.68 log units in cooked beef and cooked pork, respectively. These log increases were well within the maximum 1-log increase permitted by the USDA, thus meeting the USDA compliance guidelines for the cooling of heat-treated meat and poultry products.
AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIRM PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM SUCCESS

This study investigates the relationship between system success asoperationalized by user information satisfaction (UIS) and variouseconomic measures of firm performance. The findings indicate asignificant positive but complex relationship between firmperformance and UIS. In particular, we found that it isinappropriate to aggregate UIS scores across individuals within afirm. The CEO, Controller, and Production Manager within a firmtended to have quite different UIS scores, resulting in low interraterreliabilities. We also found, that the association betweena respondent's UIS score and the measures of firm performancedepended heavily on the position of the respondent and theparticular performance measure employed.
Chemical oxidation of N-hydroxyguanidine compounds. Release of nitric oxide, nitroxyl and possible relationship to the mechanism of biological nitric oxide generation.

Abstract N ω - Hydroxy - l - arginine was found to cause vasodilation in arginine-depleted rabbit aorta. It is, therefore, likely to be a biosynthetic intermediate in the conversion of arginine to nitric oxide in this tissue. N-Hydroxyalkylguanidine compounds, including N ω - hydroxy - l - arginine , were oxidized with various oxidizing agents and examined for their ability to release nitric oxide. All oxidizing agents tested were capable of oxidizing the N-hydroxyguanidine function but only lead tetra-acetate (Pb(OAc)4) and potassium ferricyanide/hydrogen peroxide (K3FeCN6/H2O2) were capable of generating significant amounts of nitric oxide. Oxidation with K3FeCN6, lead oxide (PbO2) and silver carbonate (Ag2CO3) resulted instead in the release of nitrous oxide (N2O) presumably through the initial release of nitroxyl (HNO).