cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised: Psychometric Validation in a Psychiatric Sample of Young Adults with Predominantly Polysubstance Use.

Abstract Introduction Measures of motives for alcohol use provide an important avenue for understanding underlying psychological reasons that drive substance use and predict distinct patterns of use. The Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire–Revised (MDMQ-R; Grant, Stewart, O'Connor, Blackwell, Conrod, 2007) measures five drinking motives: social, enhancement, conformity, coping-with-anxiety, and coping-with-depression. The MDMQ-R and its predecessors have previously been validated only in non-clinical normative samples. Purpose Therefore, the present study aimed to validate the factor structure and internal consistency of the MDMQ-R in a diverse psychiatric sample of substance-using young adults that presented with either exclusive alcohol use or polysubstance use. Method Participants were 255 substance-using young adults (18–26 years; M = 21.17) admitted to the young adult partial hospitalization treatment program at a private psychiatric hospital (62% female; 78% White; 43% students). Results A confirmatory factor analysis revealed that items loaded on their respective latent factors (ps Discussion Results suggest that the factor structure of the MDMQ-R did not replicate in the present sample. Potential explanations and future directions are discussed in light of the results, including generalizability and clinical utility.
Instructor Satisfaction with Teaching Business Law: Online Vs. Onground

Our study presents the results of a satisfaction survey of business law instructors who have taught, or are teaching, online and/or onground. The authors used the framework suggested by Berge to examine the level of instructor satisfaction, using his four role categories: pedagogical, social, technical, and managerial. Their study found that for 73% of the categories' aspects, instructors were generally satisfied with online instruction. With regard to the classroom experience, instructors were generally satisfied across the board with regard to all aspects. In comparing the level of satisfaction with online and onground instruction, they found statistically significant differences between the two methods of instruction. In all four areas measured, instructors were more satisfied with classroom instruction than they were with online instruction of business law courses.
Demand Variation Impact on Tightness of Convex Relaxation Approaches for the ACOPF Problem

This paper investigates the impact of the changes in the demand of power systems on the quality of the solution procured by the convex relaxation methods for the AC optimal power flow (ACOPF) problem. This investigation needs various measures to evaluate the tightness of the solution procured by the convex relaxation approaches. Therefore, three tightness measures are leveraged to illustrate the performance of convex relaxation methods under different demand scenarios. The main issue of convex relaxation methods is recovering an optimal solution which is not necessarily feasible for the original non-convex problem in networks with cycles. Thus, a cycle measure is introduced to evaluate the performance of relaxation schemes. The presented case study investigates the merit of using various tightness measures to evaluate the performance of various relaxation methods under different circumstances.
REPERFUSION AND WOUND HEALING

SUMMARY To date, investigations into mechanisms and therapy of reperfusion injury present no clear-cut answers. Perhaps this is because of the variety of animal models, diversity of experimental protocols, and wide spectrum of clinical diseases encompassed. Clear, however, is a common pathway of tissue damage behind these varied diseases in which nucleic acids, proteins, and cell membranes are destroyed by toxic oxygen metabolites. Continued definition of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of reperfusion injury allows selective pharmacologic intervention. An attainable goal, safe and effective interventions are on the horizon to block reperfusion injury (Table 1).
Radiological Evaluation of the Sutures of the Skull

In order to differentiate normal sutures and pathological fractures on radiological images, age-specific anatomy of the sutures should be understood. For the detailed visualization of the skull, a cadaver’s sectioned images with real color and high resolution have been utilized. The sutures have been introduced using diverse imaging modalities including radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical images of fracture were employed to elucidate the different aspects of the sutures and fractures. The sutures typically have sclerotic edge, consistent gap, zigzag pattern, and merging with other suture, while the fractures have non-sclerotic edge, inconsistent gap, straight pattern, intersecting with other suture, and scalp swelling.
One Year Real Data Rooftop PV System Performance Analysis of a University Academic Campus

This paper presents the details of 13 rooftop PV systems installed at Philadelphia University (PU) in Amman-Jordan and gives an assessment of these PV systems in terms of the design layout that harmonize the university building’s roofs architectural style, and also in terms of energy generated compared with the university energy consumption using real data of the year 2019. Technoeconomic performance metrics and socio environmental assessment of the PV systems are also performed. The analysis shows that more than 99% of the energy needs of the university are met by solar energy. This energy generated is equivalent to 1587 metric tons of CO2 eq. This amount of CO2 avoided is equivalent to 26,236 tree seedings grown for 10 years. This emphasizes the main conclusion that Philadelphia University has taken the right decision with the installation of these systems that represent a great step towards the university sustainability.
Globalization, Jobs, and Welfare: The Roles of Social Protection and Redistribution

This paper studies the welfare and policy implications of globalization when risk averse workers face the risk of unemployment. If the jobs performed by domestic workers can be easily substituted by imports, then globalization reduces wages and increases unemployment. In this situation, in the absence of any government intervention globalization not only reduces the welfare of workers but could reduce social welfare as well. Both unemployment benefits and severance payments can protect workers against labor income risk, but the latter enhances welfare more if job destruction is the source of unemployment. When optimal redistribution and social protection policies are in place, globalization necessarily improves social welfare.
Environmental Justice Index lll

The third and last in a series of Environmental Justice indices of cases beginning in 1995 and concluding in 2005.
Fractures: Tension and Shear

The paper applies the observation cycle to rock fracturing processes. Specifically, it repeats the observation cycle by going from the large (field) scale to increasingly detailed laboratory scales. With this, it is possible to determine that what appear to be tensile or shear fractures on the large scale are produced through a combination of tensile and shear mechanisms on the smaller scale. This involves observations with a variety of techniques that are briefly described. What is also emphasized is that observation has to go hand in hand with abstraction, i.e., modeling to help understand the observed phenomena. The paper, therefore, makes two contributions—a better understanding of rock fracturing processes and showing the importance of the observation cycle in a scientific process.
Conversion of 3-nitrotyrosine to 3-aminotyrosine residues facilitates mapping of tyrosine nitration in proteins by electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry using electron capture dissociation

Protein tyrosine nitration is associated with oxidative stress and various human diseases. Tandem mass spectrometry has been the method of choice for the identification and localization of this posttranslational modification to understand the underlying mechanisms and functional consequences. Due to the electron predator effect of the nitro group limiting fragmentation of the peptide backbone, electron-based dissociation has not been applicable, however, to nitrotyrosine-containing peptides. A straightforward conversion of the nitrotyrosine to the aminotyrosine residues is introduced to address this limitation. When tested with nitrated ubiquitin and human serum albumin as model proteins in top-down and bottom-up approaches, respectively, this chemical derivatization enhanced backbone fragmentation of the corresponding nitroproteins and nitropeptides by electron capture dissociation (ECD). Increased sequence coverage has been obtained by combining in the bottom-up strategy the conversion of nitrotyrosine to aminotyrosine and introducing, in addition to trypsin, a further digesting enzyme of complementary specificity, when protein nitration was mapped by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using both collision-induced dissociation (CID) and ECD. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatic Microsomal Ethanol-oxidizing System: IN VITRO CHARACTERISTICS AND ADAPTIVE PROPERTIES IN VIVO

A hepatic microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system is described both in men and rats. It is distinguished from alcohol dehydrogenase by its subcellular localization (cytosol for alcohol dehydrogenase, microsomes for this system), its pH optimum (physiological pH versus pH 10 to 11 for alcohol dehydrogenase), and its cofactor requirements (NADPH versus NAD+ for alcohol dehydrogenase). It also requires oxygen and is inhibited by CO, properties commonly found among microsomal drug-detoxifying enzymes. That catalase is probably not involved was revealed by the partial or complete failure of cyanide, pyrazole, azide, or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole to inhibit the NADPH-dependent microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system under conditions which diminished catalase activity. Moreover, a combination of administration in vivo of pyrazole and addition in vitro of azide virtually blocked catalase activity and abolished 95% of a H2O2-dependent microsomal ethanol oxidation, whereas two-thirds of the activity of the NADPH-dependent ethanol oxidation persisted. Ethanol feeding resulted in a striking rise of hepatic NADPH-dependent microsomal ethanol-oxidizing activity, whereas under the same conditions, activities of alcohol dehydrogenase in the cytosol and of microsomal as well as of total hepatic catalase did not increase. Furthermore, blood ethanol clearance was accelerated, which suggests that microsomal ethanol oxidation may play a role in vivo. Pyrazole, which inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase strongly (affecting also other hepatic functions, including microsomal enzymes) markedly reduced but did not block ethanol metabolism in vivo or in liver slices. Even after pyrazole, ethanol clearance rates remained significantly higher in ethanol-pretreated rats. The existence of a microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system, especially its capacity to increase in activity adaptively after ethanol feeding, may explain various effects of ethanol, including proliferation of hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum, induction of other hepatic microsomal drug-detoxifying enzymes, and the metabolic tolerance to ethanol which develops in alcoholics.
Naked City: The Death and Life of Authentic Urban Places – By Sharon Zukin

A review of the book "Naked City: The Death and Life of Authentic Urban Places," by Sharon Zukin is presented.
THE END OF SOCIAL WORK

Three factors will account for the demise of social work in the next century. Bold new hypertechnologies will make interventive skills obsolete. The grand narratives that have supported social work’s knowledge base will completely collapse. Finally, radical dislocations in the social structure, brought on by totalizing forces from the corporate sector, will obviate traditional human service delivery systems. Without demand for functional skills, without a firm foundation for action-based knowledge, and without sanction or auspice, social work will fade away.
Acid hydrolysis of (1→4)-α-d-glucans

Abstract The acid hydrolysis of linear (1→4)-α- d -glucans can be described by using two rate constants; a constant for the glucosidic bond at one end of the chain and a smaller constant for each of the remaining glycosidic bonds. Polymers having an average degree of polymerization of 26 or more appear to be able to protect some of their glycosidic bonds and decrease the effective concentration of carbohydrate. This protection is not afforded by conventional helical segments in the chain. The helical conformation, necessary to bind iodine, is not adopted at the temperatures of hydrolysis, as shown by a hysteresis in heating and cooling curves of the amylose-iodine complex.
Visceral polymodal receptors.

Publisher Summary The approach of visceral polymodal receptors to the study of polymodal visceral receptors was fruitful for several reasons—(a) the testis and epididymis are readily accessible without surgical penetration of the abdominal cavity; (b) there are no gross contractile elements associated with either the testis or epididymis and, thus the likelihood of confusing responses to chemical stimuli with contraction of muscle is reduced; and (c) the superior spermatic nerve in the dog is of sufficient length for studies where the nerve needs to be electrically stimulated at some distance from the site of recording. While most would agree that many visceral afferent fibers are polymodal in character, there is surprisingly little documentation to support the claim. Thus, knowledge of adequate stimuli for receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and improved knowledge of their basic physiology will help understand the extent to which peripheral contributions from the organ itself or visceral receptors contribute to the altered sensations and pain that characterize functional bowel disorders.
Evangelical Political Thought, Scripture, and Natural Law

Evangelicals make up a significant segment of the American population and have a long history of political activity. At the same time, evangelicals are not famous for offering a coherent framework of thought for their involvement in the political sphere. Several Roman Catholic and Protestant scholars have suggested that evangelicals would do well to appropriate the natural law tradition. Key to any evangelical consideration of natural law will be an understanding the relationship between general and special revelation. This paper uses the new natural law theory as a foil with which to consider how evangelicals might avail themselves of natural law while retaining a role for special revelation.
A Review of “Computers, Schools, and Students: The Effects of Technology”

The book Computers, Schools, and Students: The Effects of Technology is titled in reverse order of emphasis. Cedric Cullingford and Nusrat Haq have relatively little to say about computers, a bit t...
A metallic-CNT-tolerant carbon nanotube technology using Asymmetrically-Correlated CNTs (ACCNT)

We demonstrate carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNFETs) using asymmetrically-correlated carbon nanotubes (ACCNT, pronounced ldquoaccentrdquo), the first demonstration of a VLSI-compatible metallic-CNT-tolerant design methodology. ACCNT CNFETs take advantage of the asymmetric correlation of CNFETs fabricated on aligned carbon nanotubes to achieve both high Ion/Ioff (up to 5 times 104) and high current drive (~10 + muA). We can increase metallic-CNTtolerance arbitrarily close to 100% (we easily attain 90+% in the results); in comparison, a conventional CNFET design with similar Ion was only at 19%. More than 200 ACCNT test structures and CNFETs were fabricated to demonstrate and validate the ACCNT concepts.
Liquid water content estimates using simultaneous S and Ka band radar measurements

[1] A technique for the estimation of total liquid water content (LWC; the sum of cloud water and rainwater contents) using simultaneous S and Ka band scanning radar observations is proposed and tested using the National Center for Atmospheric Research simultaneous S band and Ka band dual-polarimetric (S-PolKa) radar system. The sources of error for this wavelength pair are evaluated, and the methods to mitigate them are discussed. The results are LWC estimates at each radar volume that are equivalent to specifying a reflectivity (Z) – LWC relation constrained by the measured attenuation over 2 km radar ray segments. Because the radars are scanning, the LWC can be mapped out over the spatial volume and temporal evolution of the clouds. The method produces reasonable results that qualitatively compare well to in situ aircraft observations.
Imaging a spiral dissection of the superficial femoral artery in high resolution with optical coherence tomography—Seeing is believing

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers an alternative to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) for endovascular imaging. Clinical and research applications for OCT have emerged in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), however, OCT has not found similar utility in peripheral arterial interventions. Early generation time-domain OCT systems required arterial occlusion to create the blood free environment needed for image acquisition and could not reliably scan vessel diameters encountered in the peripheral circulation. However, the frequency-domain OCT (FD-OCT) system currently FDA approved for use in the United States does not require arterial occlusion to generate images and permits a greater scan diameter allowing for exploratory use in peripheral arteries. To our knowledge, this is the first report using non-occlusive OCT imaging to serve as an adjunct to endovascular intervention for femoropopliteal disease. We illustrate the feasibility of acquiring high resolution images of a spiral dissection of the superficial femoral artery following balloon angioplasty that was not adequately visualized by angiography.
Non-16/non-18 high-risk human papillomavirus types predominate in anal cytology categories of negative for intraepithelial lesion and atypical cells of undetermined significance.

Introduction Screening for anal carcinoma continues to grow despite controversy regarding its efficacy. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been adopted as a cotest with anal Papanicolaou tests. We sought to identify the prevalence of HR-HPV types in the most common anal cytology specimens: negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) and atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASC-US). Materials and methods Anal cytology specimens were identified and tested for HR-HPV using Roche cobas 4800 HR-HPV analysis (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Indianapolis, Ind) and, if positive, typed further for: HPV-16, -18, and/or non-16/non-18 "other" HR-HPV type. Results There were 642 specimens from 538 patients. The most common interpretation was NILM (48.6%) and ASC-US (25.7%). Of NILM cases, 47% were HR-HPV+ (53% in men, 33% in women, P = 0.03, χ 2 ). In ASC-US cases, 73% were HR-HPV+ (74% in male patients, 70% in female patients). The most common HPV subtype was non-16/non-18 HR-HPV "other" types in 89% of cases. HPV-16 and HPV-18 were positive in 35% and 18% of cases, respectively. In patients with non-16/non-18 HR-HPV+ anal cytology, 16 of 79 had biopsies histologically diagnosed as at least high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL+). However, the relative risk of having HSIL+ was 2.3-times higher for anal cytology positive for HPV-16, -18, with/without coinfection with non-16/non-18 HR-HPV than those positive for non-16/non-18 "other" HR-HPV types alone. Conclusions Non-16/non-18 "other" HR-HPV types are most prevalent in anal cytology interpretations of NILM and ASC-US. Patients with HR-HPV+ NILM or ASC-US, negative for HPV-16/-18, are at lower relative risk of having subsequent histologic HSIL+, but a percentage of these patients still harbor HSIL+ on biopsy.
A 26 volts, 45 Watts GaAs pHEMT for 2 GHz WCDMA applications

An unmatched power AlGaAs/InGaAs pHEMT transistor in a ceramic package has been developed for 3G infrastructure applications. Operating at 2.14 GHz, under two carrier WCDMA a typical device delivers more than 9.2 Watts of average envelope power at -37 dBc IMD with drain efficiencies as high as 32% in class AB mode. Our paper presents the device technology, and the DC and RF performance under CW, WCDMA, and 2 carrier WCDMA signals.
Congenital mitral insufficiency with cleft posterior leaflet.

A case of congenital mitral insufficiency in a 2-year-old infant is reported. No other intracardiac defect was found, although pressure studies suggested an area of supravalvular aortic stenosis. Diagnostic studies included combined right and left heart catheterization. Dye-dilution curves confirmed the presence of mitral insufficiency. The anatomic defect, a cleft posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, was repaired by direct suture of the valve leaflet. During 18 months of postoperative observation, the child has shown symptomatic improvement and decrease in the size of the left ventricle, although a systolic mitral murmur and left atrial enlargement persist. Residual insufficiency is probably due to short chordae that restrict mobility of the posterior leaflet.
Genetic Evaluation of a Conservation Hatchery Program for Reintroduction of Sicklefin Redhorse Moxostoma sp. in the Tuckasegee River, North Carolina

Abstract Restoration and reintroduction efforts for the sicklefin redhorse Moxostoma sp. have been initiated by state, tribal, and federal agencies owing to the limited geographic distribution of this species and threats associated with the physical alteration of its habitat. A critical component of a successful reintroduction is that the source and recipient populations have similar genetic resources and life history patterns. We used 10 microsatellite loci to estimate and compare indices of genetic diversity between the Little Tennessee River population of wild adults and the hatchery broodstock being used for initial reintroduction efforts. We also compared relatedness values for the broodstock used for restoration efforts. There were no significant differences between hatchery broodstock and wild adults with respect to average gene diversity, but the average number of alleles for each brood year was significantly less than that for wild adults. While this trend persisted when the 2007 and 2008 brood y...
Machine Understanding of CSG: Extraction and Unification of Manufacturing Features

Constructive Solid Geomety (CSG)-albeit a concise, powerful, and informationally complete scheme-does not explicitly present certain high-level conceptual information, which is directly available from traditional engineering drawings and has been extremely useful for manufcturing processes. Such manufacturing fetures as chamfer, round, fillet, bore, and neck are typical examples of this kind of information. The fact that CSG is unambiguous but not unique, however, has posed great difficulties in the development of algorithms capable of understanding CSG and making it more useful for manufactuing. We propose a general apporach, based on principal axis and tree reconstruction, to extract and unify feature representations while retaining the simplicity and conciseness of CSG.
Improved Analytical Techniques for Carbohydrates, Amino Compounds, and Phenols: Tools for Understanding Soil Processes

A process-level understanding of soil C and N cycling will be facilitated by accurate measurement of biochemical compounds in soil organic matter. This review summarizes some recent developments in analytical procedures for measuring soil carbohydrates, amino compounds (amino acids and amino sugars), and phenols. The emphasis is on methods for soil carbohydrates and amino compounds involving anion chromatography and pulsed amperometry, a sensitive form of detection that has otherwise not been widely used in soil science. This carbohydrate procedure has become a leading method, with high resolution, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The pulsed amperometry analysis for amino compounds may be incrementally better than the conventional approach by HCl extraction, cation exchange chromatography, ninhydrin derivatization, and detection by visible light absorption. The two amino approaches need more rigorous comparison with regard to extraction efficiency and sensitivity for each amino compound. The pulsed amperometry approach also needs evaluation in a wider range of research settings. A recently developed procedure for measuring soil phenols is based on plant biochemistry studies and distinguishes ether-linked phenols (mostly vanillyl and syringyl) from ester-linked phenols (mostly coumaric acid and ferulic acid). Its applications in a limited number of studies linked specific phenols to soil aggregation and C sequestration. It needs calibration with other phenol methods favored by soil scientists and biogeochemists, and it needs to be evaluated in a range of research settings. Like the pulsed amperometry analysis for amino compounds, this distinction of ether- and ester-linked phenols is likely to complement existing techniques. A future goal will be the integration of results from complementary analyses for these biochemical compounds to help us better understand soil processes.
Advances in physician profiling: the use of DEA

Abstract Insurers, health plans, and individual physicians in the United States are facing increasing pressures to reduce costs while maintaining quality. In this study, motivated by our work with a large managed care organization, we use readily available data from its claims database with data envelopment analysis (DEA) to examine physician practices within this organization. Currently the organization evaluates primary care physicians using a profile of 16 disparate ratios involving cost, utilization, and quality. We employed these same factors along with indicators of severity to develop a single, comprehensive measure of physician efficiency through DEA. DEA enabled us to identify a reference set of “best practice” physicians tailored to each inefficient physician. This paper presents a discussion of the selection of model inputs and outputs, the development of the DEA model using a “stepwise” approach, and a sensitivity analysis using superefficiency scores. The stepwise and superefficiency analyses required little extra computation and yielded useful insights into the reasons as to why certain physicians were found to be efficient. This paper demonstrates that DEA has advantages for physician profiling and usefully augments the current ratio-based reports.
Comparison of two life distributions on the basis of their percentile residual life functions

Let F and G be life distributions with respective failure rate functions rF and rG and respective 100α-percentile (0 < α < 1) residual life functions qα, F, and qα, G. Distribution-free two-sample tests are proposed for testing H0: F = G against H1,α,: qα, F ≥ qα, G and H2 α: qβ, F ≥ qβ,G for all β ≥ α. This class of tests includes as a special case the test of Kochar (1981) for the alternative H*2: rF ≤ rG. A theorem of Govindarajulu (1976) is extended in order to obtain asymptotic normality of the test statistics. The condition qα, F ≥ qα, G is implied by rF ≤ rG and is unrelated to the stochastic ordering F≤ G; if F and G are Weibull distributions with respective shape parameters c1 and c2 such that 1 ≤ C1 < C2, then qα,F ≥ qα, G for all α larger than a function of the parameters.
Coordinated sampling sans Origin-Destination identifiers: Algorithms and analysis

Flow monitoring is used for a wide range of network management applications. Many such applications require that the monitoring infrastructure provide high flow coverage and support fine-grained network-wide objectives. Coordinated Sampling (cSamp) is a recent proposal that improves the monitoring capabilities of ISPs to address these demands. In this paper, we address a key deployment impediment for cSamp-like solutions-the need for routers to determine the Origin-Destination (OD) pair of each packet. In practice, however, this information is not available without expensive changes. We present a new framework called cSamp-T, in which each router uses only local information, instead of the OD-pair identifiers. Leveraging results from the theory of maximizing sub-modular set functions, cSamp-T provides near-ideal performance in maximizing the total flow coverage in the network. Further, with a small amount of targeted upgrades to a few routers, cSamp-T nearly optimally maximizes the minimum fractional coverage across all OD-pairs. We demonstrate these results on a range of real topologies.
Space–time development of the onset of a shallow-water vortex

An impulsively started jet in shallow water gives rise to vortices having a characteristic diameter larger than the water depth. A technique of high-image-density particle image velocimetry allows characterization of the space–time development of the instantaneous flow patterns along planes representing the quasi-two-dimensional and three-dimensional vortex structure. The quasi-two-dimensional patterns exhibit different categories of vortex development and interaction, depending upon the depth of the shallow water layer. Despite these distinctions, the variations of normalized vortex position, diameter, and circulation, as well as peak vorticity within the vortex, are very similar for sufficiently small water depth.These quasi-two-dimensional patterns are, in turn, related to specific forms of three-dimensional flow structure, which is highly ordered. A prevalent feature is a vortex orthogonal to, and just ahead of, the primary, quasi-two-dimensional vortex. Its streamline topology, on a plane parallel to the axis of the quasi-two-dimensional vortex, exhibits a separation bubble with a well-defined separatix at the bottom (bed) surface. Moreover, its vorticity can exceed that of the quasi-two-dimensional pattern by a factor of two. This feature is consistent for all values of water depth. When the depth becomes sufficiently large, however, the three-dimensional vortex pattern involves an array of vorticity concentrations, which extends across the entire depth of the water.On a plane very close to the bottom surface (bed), global instantaneous distributions of velocity and vorticity exhibit large gradients; they are associated with small-scale vorticity concentrations characteristic of rapid transition. The corresponding streamline topology of the averaged flow close to the bed, however, exhibits a stable focus and is a direct indicator of the topology well above the bed.
RDA: End of the World Postponed?

The author discusses issues and controversy concerning the new cataloging code Resource Description and Access (RDA) and the results of a test of RDA conducted by the Library of Congress, the National Library of Medicine, and the National Agricultural Library.
Systems Ideologies and Street-Level Bureaucrats: Policy Change and Perceptions of Quality in a Behavioral Health Care System

This article examines the stability of street-level bureaucrats’ negative perceptions regarding a newly implemented managed care system on quality of care and service delivery in a publicly funded behavioral health care system. Overall findings indicate that the generally negative perception of managed care did not differ between staff in the two programs, indicating a weak effect on attitudes of frontline workers. More proximal variables to the caregiver, such as service type and job title, show more influence on attitudes. The conclusion discusses the implications of these findings for practicing administrators and academic researchers.
Dehydrogenation Reactions of Cyclic C2B2N2H12 and C4BNH12 Isomers

The energetics for different dehydrogenation pathways of C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12) and C(4)BNH(12) cycles were calculated at the B3LYP/DGDZVP2 and G3(MP2) levels with additional calculations at the CCSD(T)/complete basis set level. The heats of formation of the different isomers were calculated from the G3(MP2) relative energies and the heats of formation of the most stable isomers of c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(6), c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12), and c-C(4)BNH(12) at the CCSD(T)/CBS including additional corrections together with the previously reported value for c-C(4)BNH(6). Different isomers were analyzed for c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(x) and c-C(4)BNH(x) (x = 6 and 12), and the most stable cyclic structures were those with C-C-B-N-B-N and C-C-C-C-B-N sequences, respectively. The energetics for the stepwise loss of three H(2) were predicted, and the most feasible thermodynamic pathways were found. Dehydrogenation of the lowest energy c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12) isomer (6-H(12)) is almost thermoneutral with DeltaH(3dehydro) = 3.4 kcal/mol at the CCSD(T)/CBS level and -0.6 kcal/mol at the G3(MP2) level at 298 K. Dehydrogenation of the lowest energy c-C(4)BNH(12) isomer (7-H(12)) is endothermic with DeltaH(3dehydro) = 27.9 kcal/mol at the CCSD(T)/CBS level and 23.5 kcal/mol at the G3(MP2) level at 298 K. Dehydrogenation across the B-N bond is more favorable as opposed to dehydrogenation across the B-C, N-C, and C-C bonds. Resonance stabilization energies in relation to that of benzene are reported as are NICS NMR chemical shifts for correlating with the potential aromatic character of the rings.
Identification of high-risk patients with silent myocardial ischemia after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty by multilead monitoring.

Abstract Quantification of total ischemic burden can be improved by use of microprocessor-driven, multichannel, digital, ST-monitoring devices. ST deviation recorded during angioplasty provides a patient-specific template for identification of patients at increased risk for coronary events after angiographically successful dilation. In patients with ST-segment elevation, evidence of these ST “fingerprint” patterns are associated with elevated risk for coronary events in the postangioplasty period. Such risk is not seen in patients with ST-segment depression or with no ST changes. The increased monitoring capability afforded with digitized 3- or 12-lead monitoring creates new criteria for what constitutes accurate determination of total ischemic burden.
Identification of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae Urinary Tract Isolates Harboring KPC and CTX-M β-Lactamases in Nonhospitalized Patients

Forty-seven extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract isolates from nonhospitalized patients were identified, and 79% harbored KPC and/or CTX-M β-lactamases. Approximately 90% of the isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin, and 40% were resistant to a carbapenem, while 92% were susceptible to polymyxin B, 87% were susceptible to tigecycline, and 79% were susceptible to fosfomycin. Increased use of broader-spectrum antibiotics may help to prevent their dissemination and reduce the risk of progression to invasive disease.
A monoclonal antibody recognizing a keratin filament protein in a subset of transitional and glandular epithelia

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against the detergent-insoluble cytoskeletal fraction of the human bladder carcinoma cell line, EJ. By immunofluorescence, one of these antibodies, H10-1, localized to keratin filaments in EJ and three out of five other transitional-cell carcinoma lines. Primary normal-human urothelial cells in culture were not recognized by H10-1. Strong staining of keratin filaments was also seen in 11 human adenocarcinoma cell lines, but it was only seen in a subpopulation of cells in one out of four squamous-cell carcinoma lines and not at all in two normal diploid human epidermal keratinocyte strains. Immunofluorescence on frozen sections of mouse, human, and rabbit tissues showed that H10-1 recognized the upper layer of the transitional epithelium of mouse and rabbit bladder, and a subset of simple epithelia (mouse stomach glands and some colon mucosal glands, but not kidney tubules, small intestine, ovary germinal epithelium, or endometrium; some human colon mucosal glands and glandular breast epithelium, but not endometrium). The antigen which is recognized by this antibody was not detected in examples of stratified squamous epithelium (mouse skin, nonglandular stomach, or esophagus; human skin, esophagus, or rectum) or nonepithelial tissue. On frozen sections of human tumors, the H10-1 antibody recognized 9 out of 14 colon carcinomas and 4 out of 6 breast carcinomas but did not recognize two sarcomas or a melanoma. This antibody apparently does not recognize its antigen in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) because brief exposure of methanol-fixed cells to 0.1% SDS reversibly inhibited the binding of the H10-1 monoclonal antibody to keratin filaments by immunofluorescence, even when the binding of a rabbit polyclonal antikeratin antibody was unaffected. Two-dimensional gel-electrophoretic analysis of keratin-enriched fractions which had been isolated from various cell lines disclosed a good correlation between the presence of a 47-kdalton, pI-5.35 polypeptide and positive immunofluorescence with this antibody. These observations suggest that a certain keratin or keratin-associated protein is specifically expressed in a subpopulation of transitional and simple epithelial cells, and cultured cells derived from these epithelia. The monoclonal antibody described here may therefore be useful for increasing the precision of histological classification of epithelia, as well as the verification of the origin of certain cultured cell lines.
Norwegians' preferences for U.S. lodging facilities: market segmentation approach.

Abstract This study attempts to examine Norwegians' preferences for U.S. lodging facilities through a segmentation approach. In an effort to determine Norwegians' lodging choice preferences, a series of focus group surveys was conducted. With the information obtained from the focus group surveys, a survey questionnaire assessing Norwegians' lodging preferences was developed. One hundred sixty-nine useful questionnaires collected from various on-site surveys were analyzed in the study. A non-hierarchical cluster technique was used to group the respondents into mutually exclusive clusters. Two clusters labeled as Frugal Visitors and Extravagant Guests emerged from the analysis. In the conclusion, marketing implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
In search of a deep psychobiology of hypnosis: visionary hypotheses for a new millennium.

This search for the deep psychobiological foundations of hypnosis begins with a review of some of the paradoxes of historical hypnosis and the impasse of current theory. It is proposed that further progress requires a deeper investigation of how psychosocial cues can modulate the mechanisms of healing at the CNS, autonomic, neuroendocrine and cellular-genetic levels. The dynamics of hypnotic communication and healing from the cognitive-behavior level to the cellular-genetic are outlined in four stages: (1) Information transduction between the experiences of consciousness and the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary system; (2) The psychosomatic network of messenger molecules and their receptors; (3) The immediate early gene protein cascade; and (4) State dependent memory, learning and behavior. Neuroscience research is outlined for its contributions to a mathematical model of how a psychobiological approach to the therapeutic applications of hypnosis and the placebo response could facilitate neurogenesis in the ...
Stimulation of insulin and glucagon release in the dog by a nonmetabolizable arginine analog.

The intravenous infusion of the synthetic nonmetabolizable arginine analog, 4-amino-l-guanylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid, into the dog produces prompt rises in plasma levels of immunoreactive insulin and glucagon. These effects are also produced by arginine. This analog and arginine show further similarity in action in that the prior and simultaneous infusion of mannoheptulose completely inhibits them from inducing insulin release but does not affect their ability to cause glucagon release. These results provide further direct evidence that amino acids themselves rather than their metabolites stimulate insulin and glucagon release. (Endocrinology 94: 230, 1974)
Temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and resistance of Ir (0.5 at % Fe)

Abstract The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility, X( T ), for an Ir (0.5at % Fe) alloy (for 4.2 ° K ⩽ T ⩽ 300 ° K ) and the temperature depedence of the resistance R(T) (for 0.46 ° K ⩽ T ⩽ ⩽ 4.2 ° K ) is reported. The data are compared to predictions of Kaiser and Doniach's spin fluctuation model.
Effect of Porous Electrode Morphology on Broadband Dielectric Characteristics of SOFC and Methodologies for Analytical Predictions

Heterogeneous dielectric material systems and their interfaces which are engineered at the local level (atomic/nano/micro scale) present special challenges for analysis and interpretation of their macroscopic functional behavior in response to specific operational histories. In addition to the chemical composition of the material, the local morphology plays a definitive role in the determination of the transport, electrochemical, and mechanical functions of the heterogeneous constituents, and especially in their interaction and collective action. The basic science of the effect of morphology on polarization, resulting multi-physics properties, and their evolution processes (which determine durability and life) are less well understood. The present paper will focus on a small part of this broader problem. Specifically, the effect of porous microstructure on the broadband dielectric characteristics of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) will be discussed. Different variations of microstructure (such as porosity, pore connectivity, distribution, geometry etc) of YSZ based SOFC materials will be studied using a broadband dielectric spectroscopy system at different temperatures. A finite element based meso-to-continuum model (mm scale model with micron scale features) will be developed to predict dielectric characteristics (voltage, current, impedance distribution) utilizing actual morphology (captured via a 3D X-ray tomography microscope). The paper will summarize all preliminary results from the ongoing research and provide a pathway towards a robust analysis that will help design better microstructures for SOFC electrodes.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Robust grid registration for non-blind PSF estimation

Given a blurred image of a known test grid and an accurate estimate of the unblurred image, it has been demonstrated that the underlying blur kernel (or point-spread function, PSF) can be reliably estimated. Unfortunately, the estimate of the sharp image can be sensitive to common imperfections in the setup used to obtain the blurred image, and errors in the image estimate result in an unreliable PSF estimate. We propose a robust ad-hoc method to estimate a sharp prior image, given a blurry, noisy image of the test grid from Joshi 1 taken in imperfect lab and lighting conditions. The proposed algorithm is able to reliably reject superfluous image content, can deal with spatially-varying lighting, and is insensitive to errors in alignment of the grid with the image plane. We demonstrate the algorithms performance through simulation, and with a set of test images. We also show that our grid registration algorithm leads to improved PSF estimation and deblurring, compared to an affine registration using spatially invariant lighting correction.
The influence of substituents on the photodehydrocyclization of 1,2-diphenylcyclopentenes I: Para substituents

Abstract The photodehydrocyclization of several mono-para-substituted 1,2-diphenylcyclopentenes into a phenanthrene derivative has been investigated under several conditions. It was found that the relative quantum yield of phenanthrene formation in methanol depends on the substituent when an oxidant with low efficiency (e.g. atmospheric oxygen) is used. In cyclohexane solution or in the presence of a more efficient oxidant, no significant substituent influence was observed. Furthermore, it has been established that the thermal ring opening of the primary photocyclization product dihydrophenanthrene (DHP) is influenced by substituents: an isokinetic relationship was found for this reaction but a linear Hammett relation was not observed. From these results it was concluded that the primary photocyclization step is not influenced by substituents. The quantum yield of product formation is influenced under conditions where thermal ring opening and oxidation of the intermediate DHP become competitive reactions (i.e. at low oxidation rates). The differences between the photocyclization behaviours of 1,2-diphenylcyclopentenes and stilbenes are discussed.
Overcoming impostorship, cultural suicide, and lost innocence: Implications for teaching critical thinking in the community college

Teaching critical thinking in community college classrooms involves helping students overcome emotional barriers and question and critique commonly held assumptions.
Temporal analysis of the soil microbial community along a toposequence in Pineland soils

Abstract The stability and function of a soil ecosystem depends on the cycling of nutrients by the soil microbial community. To evaluate native variability in the functional soil microbial community, temporal changes in microbial community size, activity and metabolic diversity were measured by bacterial population densities, microbial biomass, dehydrogenase activity and metabolic diversity (BIOLOG) assays in native New Jersey Pineland soils. Native soils were sampled and assessed seasonally for five consecutive seasons along a toposequence with an O horizon that varied in organic matter (1.0–91.7%) and a water content that ranged from well-drained to poorly drained (0.21–4.30 g water g−1 dry wt soil). Significant differences (P
Reducing the experimental effort in measuring D and z values for microorganism inactivation kinetics

Abstract For those microorganisms exhibiting log linear inactivation kinetics, the D and z values describing their inactivation are typically measured in a series of isothermal experiments, each measuring log reductions with time. This paper examines the mathematics of D and z measurement in order to show how both values could be obtained in fewer isothermal experiments than are traditionally performed. Additionally, a similar analysis of a non-isothermal experimental approach shows how even a minimum of 3 data points in one experiment can be used to determine both parameters. This latter approach, though discussed previously in the literature, is given an analysis in this paper which reveals previously unrecognized details of the method and its performance in extracting D and z values from experimental data.
Testing a high density logic masterslice

Testing strategy for high density logic in a manufacturing environment will be covered. The approach is applicable to all wiring personalities of a T2L gate logic masterslice.