cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Regional differences in effects of exercise training on contractile and biochemical properties of rat cardiac myocytes

Myocardial function is enhanced by endurance exercise training, but the cellular mechanisms underlying this improved function remain unclear. A number of studies have shown that the characteristics...
Stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Urgent Call For Prevention

There are numerous reports on the frequency of cerebrovascular disease in Asia, Europe, North America, and several other countries. But, as Dr. Chin points out, reliable data on stroke incidence and outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa are sparse. Developed countries experience a decline in stroke incidence and mortality rates, while the problem is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. Dr. Chin has visited Mulago Hospital in Uganda and reports on the care of patients with cerebrovascular disease there. According to Dr. Chin, Mulago Hospital, which has the only CT scanner in Uganda, is the national referral hospital and they see 20–30 stroke patients monthly. Diagnostics, treatment, and prevention are minimal. There are few reports that indicate that the situation is different in the neighboring countries. Dr. Chin's conclusion is clear: The epidemic of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa looms large and it is time to sound the alarm. Johan Aarli, Section Editor According to the latest WHO statistics,1,2 cerebrovascular disease is responsible for 10.8% of …
Diabetic Foot Health Education and Amputation Prevention

Diabetes is a metabolic condition caused by an inability of the body to control the sugar levels within the bloodstream. Approximately 24 million people in the United States have been diagnosed wit...
Pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation: The new AHA guidelines

Abstract The new guidelines for pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation are based on the best present in the literature. Although there are few studies in the pediatric population, recommendations have been made for lay-person basic life support (BLS), airway m MM gement, drugs, treatment of rhythm disturbances, mid newborn resuscitation.
Seven Black Bug Species (Thyreocoridae) New for North Carolina, U.S.A.

The black bug (Thyreocoridae) holdings in the North Carolina State University Insect Collection were largely undocumented and potentially housed unreported species for the state. Because there were only six species reported for North Caro lina (Henry and Froeschner, 1988), it was likely that additional records would be discovered. We identified the adult specimens in the collection to species and made augmentative field collections in 2013. We herein report the following seven species, in two genera, as state records for North Carolina: Cori mel aena agrella, Corimelaena obscura, Corimelaena pulicaria, Galgupha aterrima, Gal gup ha carinata, Galgupha denudata, and Galgupha loboprostethia. All 7 species are known from the eastern U.S. and were probable for the state. Specimens cited in this publication were entered into the Planetary Bio di versity Inventory (PBI) of the Plant Bugs database of the American Museum of Natural History. Lists of specimens examined were edited from reports generated from the PBI database. Collection data for all specimens are given in the following format: County, locality data (if recorded on label), coordinates if present on label or able to be determined, collection date, collector (if known), host (if known), number of specimens, and sex. McPherson (1982) and McAtee and Malloch (1933) were used as taxonomic references. Blatchley (1926), Henry and Froeschner (1988), and McPherson (1982) were used as species distribution references.
A unified sampling approach for multipoint analysis of qualitative and quantitative traits in sib pairs

Recent advances in molecular biology have enhanced the opportunity to conduct multipoint mapping for complex diseases. Concurrently, one sees a growing interest in the use of quantitative traits in linkage studies. Here, we present a multipoint sib-pair approach to locate the map position (tau) of a trait locus that controls the observed phenotype (qualitative or quantitative), along with a measure of statistical uncertainty. This method builds on a parametric representation for the expected identical-by-descent statistic at an arbitrary locus, conditional on an event reflecting the sampling scheme, such as affected sib pairs, for qualitative traits, or extreme discordant (ED) sib pairs, for quantitative traits. Our results suggest that the variance about taud, the estimator of tau, can be reduced by as much as 60%-70% by reducing the length of intervals between markers by one half. For quantitative traits, we examine the precision gain (measured by the variance reduction in taud) by genotyping extremely concordant (EC) sib pairs and including them along with ED sib pairs in the statistical analysis. The precision gain depends heavily on the residual correlation of the quantitative trait for sib pairs but considerably less on the allele frequency and exact genetic mechanism. Since complex traits involve multiple loci and, hence, the residual correlation cannot be ignored, our finding strongly suggests that one should incorporate EC sib pairs along with ED sib pairs, in both design and analysis. Finally, we empirically establish a simple linear relationship between the magnitude of precision gain and the ratio of the number of ED pairs to the number of EC pairs. This relationship allows investigators to address issues of cost effectiveness that are due to the need for phenotyping and genotyping subjects.
Higher‐order extended finite elements with harmonic enrichment functions for complex crack problems

SUMMARY In this paper, we analyze complex crack problems in elastic media using harmonic enrichment functions in a higher-order extended finite element implementation. The numerically computed enrichment function of a crack is the solution of the Laplace equation with discontinuous Dirichlet boundary condition along the crack, and its interaction with branches or other cracks is realized by imposing vanishing Neumann boundary conditions along those cracks. The classical finite element displacement approximation is enriched by adding the enrichment function of a crack through the framework of partition of unity. A nested subgrid mesh is used in the Laplace solve with a rasterized approximation of a crack, which simplifies the numerical integration—no partitioning of finite elements is required. Harmonic enrichment functions readily permit the extension to handle multiple interacting and branched cracks without any special treatment around the junction points. Several numerical examples are presented that arm the accuracy and eectiveness of the method when applied to complex crack
A New DAC Mismatch Shaping Technique for Sigma–Delta Modulators

A new ΣΔ modulator architecture that shapes digital-to-analog converter (DAC) mismatches in a manner similar to quantization noise shaping is proposed, allowing operation with low oversampling ratios, high-resolution quantizers, and compact logic. It is shown that the proposed architecture entails a smaller feedback logic delay than data-weighted-averaging techniques, providing a fourfold delay reduction for a 6-bit feedback DAC. The front-end integrator implementation also exhibits 25% less kT/C noise than conventional architectures.
Determining Financial Benefits of an Organization Development Program

In this study corporate decision-makers used the Benefit Forecasting Method (BFM) to determine the expected financial benefits of a human resource development program. The decision-makers' projections were compared to the actual benefit that resulted from an organization development program yielding between 11.1 to one and 16.4 to one return on investment in a two-year period.
Multi-Resolution Anomaly Detection for the internet

In the context of Internet traffic anomaly detection, we will show that some outliers in a time series can be difficult to detect at one scale while they are easy to find at another scale. In this paper, we develop an outlier detection method for a time series with long range dependence, and conclude that testing outliers at multiple time scales helps to reveal them. We present a multi-resolution anomaly detection (MRAD) procedure for detecting network anomalies. We show that the MRAD method is useful, especially when outliers appear as a slight local mean level shift with a rather long duration, e.g., as generated by a port scan. A novel MRAD outlier map is proposed to visualize the location of the outliers, and also to suggest the significance probabilities (p values) for them.
Populations of Metal-Glycan Structures Influence MS Fragmentation Patterns

The structures and collision-induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation patterns of the permethylated glycan Man5GlcNAc2 are investigated by a combination of hybrid ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), mass spectrometry (MS), and MS/MS techniques. IMS analysis of eight metal-adducted glycans ([Man5GlcNAc2 + M]2+, where M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mg, Ca, and Ba) shows distinct conformer patterns. These conformers appear to arise from individual metals binding at different sites on the glycan. Fragmentation studies suggest that these different binding sites influence the CID fragmentation patterns. This paper describes a series of separation, activation, and fragmentation studies that assess which fragments arise from each of the different gas-phase conformer states. Comparison of the glycan distributions formed under gentle ionization conditions with those obtained after activation of the gas-phase ions suggests that these conformer binding states also appear to exist in solution.
Some Digenetic Trematodes of Marine Fishes from Israel's Mediterranean Coast and Their Zoogeography, Especially Those from Red Sea Immigrant Fishes

A total of 500 fishes (59 species) from Israel's Mediterranean coastal waters were examined for digenetic trematodes and 201 (40.2%) harbored at least one species. One new genus (Propar-vipyrum) and 11 new species are described: Bacciger israelensis (Fellodistomidae) from Sarpa salpa and Boops boops; Ancylocoelium israelense and Chrisomon israelensis (both Monor-chiidae) from Atule djeddaba; Diphtherostomum israelense (Zoogonidae) from Diplodus sargus, D. vulgaris and Saurida undosquamis; Proparvipyrum israelense (Zoogonidae) from Mullus surmuletus; Acanthocolpoides israelensis (Lepocreadiidae) from Sardinella maderen-sis; Neolepidapedon israelense (Lepocreadiidae) from Mullus surmuletus; Podocotyle jaffen-sis (Opecoelidae) from Denlex filosus; Podocotyle (Pedunculotrema) israelensis frqm Pomadasys incisus and Pelates quadrilineatus; Lecithochirium haifense (Hemiuridae) from Atule djeddaba; Lecithochirium israelense from Trachinus araneus and Scyris alexandrina. 36 previously known species were identified, and all represent new geographical distribution records. Some Red Sea immigrant fishes brought trematodes with them to the Mediterranean and some acquired Atlanto-Mediterranean species.
Release of Oregon White Oak from Overtopping Douglas-fir: Effects on Soil Water and Microclimate

Many former Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) woodland and savanna stands in the coastal Pacific Northwest have been invaded by Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) during the past century as a result of fire suppression. Douglas-fir overtop and suppress the shade-intolerant oak, causing its eventual mortality. Removal of Douglas-fir is necessary for restoration of these oak ecosystems, but such action will influence belowground and near-ground conditions, affecting residual trees and understory communities. In a three-year study on a glacial outwash soil near Olympia, Washington, we compared soil and microclimate conditions near overtopped and released oak trees to determine how soil water content (SWC), throughfall, soil and air temperature, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) are affected when oak is released from overtopping Douglas-fir. In each year, volumetric SWC near all trees declined from ~0.25 m3 m−3 to ~0.10 m3 m−3 during the growing season, but this decline was delayed approximately one month i...
GLSEM and TS Models

In this chapter, we take up two important applications, involving simultaneous equation, AR, and ARMA models, which are very important in several disciplines, such as economics, other social sciences, engineering and statistics. We partially discussed such topics in Chap. 4, in the context of difference equations, since simultaneous equation and AR models involve the use of difference equations and it is important to establish the nature and the properties of their solutions.
The effect of chloramphenicol and other antibiotics on leukocyte respiration.

1. Leukocyte homogenates show active, reproducible respiratory activity in a fortified system. 2. Chloramphenicol inhibits leukocyte respiration in vitro when used in concentrations similar to other commonly used inhibitors. 3. Chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, penicillin and streptomycin have no significant effect on leukocyte respiration. 4. Urethane and atabrine produce inhibition of leukocyte respiration, but the latter is more active. 5. The possible sites of action of chloramphenicol in cellular metabolism are discussed.
Evaluation of a Group Exercise Program for Elderly Women

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical training effect of a specific set of calisthenics performed by a supervised group of elderly women. The exercise program was designed to be performed by groups of subjects without using expensive equipment, large gymnasiums, or outdoor facilities. Fourteen women with an average age of 75.7 years trained for eight weeks. Five women with an average age of 71.8 years served as the control group. Submaximal graded exercise tolerance (GXT) step tests were performed before and after training. Significant decreases in submaximal GXT heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rate-pressure product (RPP) were observed in the exercise group. Predicted maximal aerobic power (MAP) increased 12.4% in the exercise group. The control group demonstrated significant decreases for submaximal GXT SBP and RPP, but not for HR. Predicted MAP for the control group decreased 3.3%. We concluded that this particular training regimen could be used safely and effectively with elderly subjects. The decrease in submaximal GXT HR, SBP, and RPP and the increase in predicted MAP indicate that a training effect can be expected when this exercise regimen is performed by sedentary elderly women.
The behavioral ecology of amblypygids

Abstract Arachnologists have uncovered tantalizing details about amblypygid behavioral ecology—the study of the fitness consequences of their behavior. Thus, it is the aim of this review to position Amblypygi as a useful system in which to investigate the principles of animal behavioral ecology. We synthesize amblypygid habitat preference and navigation modalities; predator, prey, parasite, parasitoid, cannibal, and commensal interactions; resource contests and territoriality; mating systems and mate choice; parental investment and sociality; and genetics and genomics as they relate to behavioral ecology. We present ideas for future research in each of these areas and discuss future directions for Amblypygi behavioral ecology research as they relate to four areas of behavioral ecology: adaptation, evolutionary history, mechano-sensory control of behavior, and behavioral development. We conclude by identifying several avenues of Amblypygi behavioral ecology that we think have the highest potential for tran...
The indirect effects of sleep hygiene and environmental factors on depressive symptoms in college students.

Abstract Objective Because of the interrelation of sleep disturbance and depression in college students, sleeping environments and sleep hygiene practices have emerged as potential avenues for intervention. To understand associations between predictors of sleep (environmental noise disturbances, pre-bedtime media use, sleep hygiene), poor sleep quality, and depressive symptoms, this study examined poor sleep quality as a potential mediator between these predictors and depressive symptoms. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Residential colleges/universities. Participants The sample was collected during the spring of 2015 and was comprised of 335 college students (mean age = 19.9 years, SD = 1.9), including both students living with roommates and students living alone. Measurement A multiple-group path analysis was conducted based on self-report and online questionnaires. Results Environmental noise disturbances and emotionally -related sleep hygiene practices were indirectly associated with higher depressive symptoms across students living either with or without roommates. Furthermore, students living alone evidenced an indirect association between cognitively-related sleep hygiene practices and depressive symptoms, whereas students living with roommates evidenced indirect associations between both physiologically and environmentally-related sleep hygiene practices and depressive symptoms. Conclusions Sleep hygiene and environmental factors may be potential avenues for preventing depressive symptoms in college students.
Formation constants of certain zinc-complexes by ion-exchange method.

SummaryFormation constants at a pH of 7.4 and μ = 0.16 have been determined by the ion-exchange method for zinc and a number of complexing agents.
Simple method for measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution after cardiac operation.

Cardiac output by the thermodilution technique was measured by a new No. 2 Fr. transthoracic (2F-TT) thermistor catheter placed at cardiac operation into the pulmonary artery directly through the right ventricular outflow tract. Cold (0° C) 5% dextrose in water (D5W) was used as indicator and injected through a percutaneously placed central venous pressure (CVP) catheter in the jugular vein. Comparison to the No. 7 Fr. Swan-Ganz (7F-SG) catheter demonstrated a close correlation (r = 0.87) and almost identical mean thermodilution cardiac output values during 530 determinations in 10 patients. No difficulty was experienced in insertion or removal of the 2F-TT catheter and no bleeding complications were noted. Experiments in six dogs showed that variation in position of the tip of the CVP catheter within the superior vena caval venous system and right atrium was not a critical factor in measurement of thermodilution cardiac output. The thermodilution cardiac output technique in general and the ease of insertion, as well as the small size of the 2F-TT catheter, should make this method especially advantageous in infants and small children.
Scientific Growth and Identity Development during a Postbaccalaureate Program: Results from a Multisite Qualitative Study

This study reveals how Postbaccalaureate Research Education Programs (PREP) enable growth and development among participants along domains of readiness for academics, research, and presentation of ...
Molecular basis of pulmonary disease

Publisher Summary Pulmonary pathology includes a large spectrum of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases that affect the lung. Many of these are a result of the unusual relationship of the lung with the outside world. Every breath that a human takes brings the outside world into the body in the form of infectious agents, organic and inorganic particles, and noxious agents of all types. Although the lung has many defense mechanisms to protect itself from these insults, these are not infallible; therefore, lung pathology arises. Damage to the lung is particularly important given the role of the lung in the survival of the organism. Any impairment of lung function has widespread effects throughout the body, since all organs depend on the lungs for the oxygen they need. Pulmonary pathology catalogs the changes in the lung tissues and the mechanisms through which these occur. This chapter presents a review of lung pathology and the current state of knowledge about the pathogenesis of each disease. It suggests that a clear understanding of both morphology and mechanism is required for the development of new therapies and preventive measures.
Compression-induced structural and mechanical changes of fibrin-collagen composites

Fibrin and collagen as well as their combinations play an important biological role in tissue regeneration and are widely employed in surgery as fleeces or sealants and in bioengineering as tissue scaffolds. Earlier studies demonstrated that fibrin-collagen composite networks displayed improved tensile mechanical properties compared to the isolated protein matrices. Unlike previous studies, here unconfined compression was applied to a fibrin-collagen filamentous polymer composite matrix to study its structural and mechanical responses to compressive deformation. Combining collagen with fibrin resulted in formation of a composite hydrogel exhibiting synergistic mechanical properties compared to the isolated fibrin and collagen matrices. Specifically, the composite matrix revealed a one order of magnitude increase in the shear storage modulus at compressive strains>0.8 in response to compression compared to the mechanical features of individual components. These material enhancements were attributed to the observed structural alterations, such as network density changes, an increase in connectivity along with criss-crossing, and bundling of fibers. In addition, the compressed composite collagen/fibrin networks revealed a non-linear transformation of their viscoelastic properties with softening and stiffening regimes. These transitions were shown to depend on protein concentrations. Namely, a decrease in protein content drastically affected the mechanical response of the networks to compression by shifting the onset of stiffening to higher degrees of compression. Since both natural and artificially composed extracellular matrices experience compression in various (patho)physiological conditions, our results provide new insights into the structural biomechanics of the polymeric composite matrix that can help to create fibrin-collagen sealants, sponges, and tissue scaffolds with tunable and predictable mechanical properties.
Look Again: The Value in Distinguishing Three Processes Underlying Social-Perceptual Effects

Reviewing a fascinating range of evidence, Y. Jenny Xiao, Geraldine Coppin, and Jay J. Van Bavel (this issue) propose reciprocal links between intergroup psychology and perception. In so doing they...
Tunneling in the Delayed Luminescence of Colloidal CdSe, Cu+-Doped CdSe, and CuInS2 Semiconductor Nanocrystals and Relationship to Blinking

The photoluminescence decay dynamics of colloidal CdSe, Cu+:CdSe, and CuInS2 nanocrystals have been examined as a function of temperature and magnetic field. All three materials show photoluminescence decay on time scales significantly longer than the intrinsic lifetimes of their luminescent excited states, i.e., delayed luminescence, involving formation of a metastable trapped excited state followed by detrapping to re-form the emissive excited state. Surprisingly, the delayed luminescence decay kinetics are nearly identical for these three very different materials, suggesting they reflect universal properties of the delayed luminescence phenomenon in semiconductor nanocrystals. By measuring luminescence decay over 8 decades in time and 6 decades in intensity, we observe for the first time a clear deviation from power-law dynamics in delayed luminescence. Furthermore, for all three materials, the delayed luminescence decay dynamics are observed to be nearly independent of temperature between 20 K and roo...
Interactions of SO2-Containing Acid Gases with ZIF-8: Structural Changes and Mechanistic Investigations

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are a set of nanoporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with tunable porosity and functionality. Among MOFs, they also show relatively good stability with respect to temperature and humidity. These characteristics lead to their possible applications in separation processes. In many practical separation processes, adsorbents are exposed to a variety of molecular species including acid gases. However, there is little knowledge of the effects of such acid gas exposure on the adsorption and separation properties of ZIFs. Here, the stability of a model ZIF material (ZIF-8) under SO2 exposure in dry, humid, and aqueous environments has been investigated in detail. Combined characterization by several techniques (PXRD, N2 physisorption, EDX, XPS, and FTIR) allowed us to track the structural and compositional properties of ZIF-8 before and after SO2 exposure. ZIF-8 is stable after prolonged exposure in dry SO2 and in humid air without SO2. However, exposure to 10–20 ppm conc...
Pretransplant Factors and Associations with Postoperative Respiratory Failure, ICU Length of Stay, and Short-Term Survival after Liver Transplantation in a High MELD Population

Changes in distribution policies have increased median MELD at transplant with recipients requiring increasing intensive care perioperatively. We aimed to evaluate association of preoperative variables with postoperative respiratory failure (PRF)/increased intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS)/short-term survival in a high MELD cohort undergoing liver transplant (LT). Retrospective analysis identified cases of PRF and increased ICU LOS with recipient, donor, and surgical variables examined. Variables were entered into regression with end points of PRF and ICU LOS > 3 days. 164 recipients were examined: 41 (25.0%) experienced PRF and 74 (45.1%) prolonged ICU LOS. Significant predictors of PRF with univariate analysis: BMI > 30, pretransplant MELD, preoperative respiratory failure, LVEF 6 units, warm ischemic time > 4 minutes, and cold ischemic time > 240 minutes. On multivariate analysis, only pretransplant MELD predicted PRF (OR 1.14, p = 0.01). Significant predictors of prolonged ICU LOS with univariate analysis are as follows: pretransplant MELD, FVC 240 minutes. On multivariate analysis, only pretransplant MELD predicted prolonged ICU LOS (OR 1.28, p < 0.001). One-year survival among cohorts with PRF and increased ICU LOS was similar to subjects without. Pretransplant MELD is a robust predictor of PRF and ICU LOS. Higher MELDs at LT are expected to increase need for ICU utilization and modify expectations for recovery in the immediate postoperative period.
Photogalvanic effect in Weyl semimetals

We theoretically study the impact of impurities on the photogalvanic effect (PGE) in Weyl semimetals with weakly tilted Weyl cones. Our calculations are based on a two-nodes model with an inversion symmetry breaking offset and we employ a kinetic equation approach in which both optical transitions as well as particle-hole excitations near the Fermi energy can be taken into account. We focus on the parameter regime with a single photoactive node and control the calculation in small impurity concentration. Internode scattering is treated generically and therefore our results allow us to continuously interpolate between the cases of short-range and long-range impurities. We find that the time evolution of the circular PGE may be nonmonotonic for intermediate internode scattering. Furthermore, we show that the tilt vector introduces three additional linearly independent components to the steady-state photocurrent. Amongst them, the photocurrent in direction of the tilt takes a particular role inasmuch it requires elastic internode scattering or inelastic intranode scattering to be relaxed. It may therefore be dominant. The tilt also generates skew scattering which leads to a current component perpendicular to both the incident light and the tilt. We extensively discuss our findings and comment on the possible experimental implications.
All That Glitters Yellow Is Not Gold: Presentation and Pathophysiology of Bile Cast Nephropathy.

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) often manifests in patients with liver disease because of a prerenal cause and presents as acute tubular necrosis or hepatorenal syndrome. Distinguishing between these entities is important for prognosis and treatment. Some patients may develop AKI related to their underlying liver disease: for example, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis or IgA nephropathy. Bile cast nephropathy is an often ignored differential diagnosis of AKI in the setting of obstructive jaundice. It is characterized by the presence of bile casts in renal tubules, which can possibly cause tubular injury through obstructive and direct toxic effects. Thus, AKI in patients with liver disease may have a structural component in addition to a functional one. Methods In this study, we describe 2 patients with severe hyperbilirubinemia who developed AKI and underwent a kidney biopsy that revealed bile casts in tubular lumens, consistent with bile cast nephropathy. Results One patient was treated aggressively for alcoholic hepatitis and required hemodialysis for AKI. The second patient was treated conservatively for drug-induced liver injury and did not require dialysis. Both patients saw a reduction in their bilirubin and creatinine toward baseline. Conclusion Bile cast nephropathy is an important pathological entity that may account for the renal dysfunction in some patients with liver disease. It requires kidney biopsy for diagnosis and may often be overlooked given the scarcity of kidney biopsy in this particular clinical setting. The etiology is multifactorial, and it is often difficult to predict without the aid of a renal biopsy.
Bringing home what I′m hiding at work: The impact of sexual orientation disclosure at work for same-sex couples

Abstract The current study utilizes a dyadic design with two waves of data collection in 89 same-sex couples (N = 178) to investigate the relationship between sexual orientation disclosure at work and work-family outcomes using the actor partner interdependence model (APIM). Drawing on spillover/crossover theory, conservation of resources theory, and the job demands-resources model (JD-R), we hypothesized that lower levels of sexual orientation disclosure to a supervisor and to coworkers would have a negative impact on both the employee's well-being and subsequently their partner's well-being. Results suggest that an employee's disclosure to a supervisor is positively associated with their partner's family satisfaction and negatively associated with their partner's family interfering with work (FIW). Additionally, an employee's disclosure to their coworkers is positively associated with their partner's family satisfaction. Finally, while no gender differences were observed for crossover effects, we observed two significant gender differences for spillover; first, the negative relationship between disclosure to a supervisor and FIW was stronger for sexual minority women than sexual minority men. Second, at lower levels of disclosure to coworkers, sexual minority men experience lower job satisfaction than sexual minority women, but at higher levels of disclosure to coworkers, sexual minority men and women experience similar levels of job satisfaction. Taken together, findings suggest significant crossover effects regarding sexual orientation disclosure in the workplace for sexual minority employees, paving the way for future research to uncover the spillover mechanisms beyond these findings.
A hybrid, networked, wireless system for humidity sensing

Presented is a hybrid, networked, wireless humidity sensing circuit. The sensor element is a flexible, interdigitated-electrode capacitor that is inkjet-printed on a PET substrate. The variations in capacitance due to the humidity changes are measured through a small (approx. 4 cm × 3 cm), low-power, readout circuit which transmits the measurement wirelessly to a basestation. The transmission is realized through ANT, a wireless sensor network protocol using the ISM band at 2.4 GHz. The sensor output is visualized in real-time through the basestation's software while all the networked sensors are being logged in the background.
Optimization of Vehicle Mounting Motions and Its Application to Full-Sized Humanoid, DRC-Hubo

This paper describes optimization of humanoid’s whole body motion for vehicle mounting task. To accomplish the goal, a trajectory optimization framework based on the reinforcement learning agent is used in this study. The guideline input trajectory is planned and optimized as regards various dynamic and kinematic limitations of humanoid in the framework. In previous studies, the authors demonstrated test-and-evaluation process of the framework using a full-sized humanoid, Hubo+. Experimental testing however presented several problems like overheating and self-collisions. To resolve those issues and to validate the trajectory optimization approach, another humanoid, called DRC-Hubo, is newly designed. Keeping a main structure of the optimization framework, the cost value functions are revised to meet dynamic and kinematic changes. Experimental test and verification process using a simulation model and a physical prototype is demonstrated to confirm the efficacy of the trajectory optimization approach. For both processes, two different types of ground vehicle are used. Last, analytical comparisons with other techniques are also conducted for validation of the proposed framework.
Profiles of LGBTQ ally engagement in college athletics

Heterosexism and cis-sexism are still pervasive in the sports context despite growing national acceptance of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) identities in the U.S. This study...
Temporal and Spatial Variation in Precipitation Seasonality for Kansas

A considerable amount of research work on climate change is being done to examine what has happened in the recorded past and what might happen throughout the remainder of the 21st Century. While the data for trends in the temperature record tend to be more straightforward, what has and will happen with precipitation change is less clear. However, there is the suggestion that wet places will get wetter and dry places with become more arid.Research by others suggests that extreme daily precipitation amounts in Kansas are trending upward. This research addresses the observational record of change in precipitation seasonality, a little-studied aspect of global climate variability and the related impact on moisture delivery. Monthly precipitation data were summed to provide seasonal totals and seasonal percentages of the annual total were calculated. Using data for the nine Climate Divisions within Kansas for the period from 1895–2014, the results from this analysis indicate that much of Kansas has a winter-dry climate. Over the period of record, there has been a tendency for the spring months of March, April, and May to gain a greater share of the annual total. Geographic variation across the state indicates a west-to-east gradient with greater seasonality in the west and a greater increase in spring and summer precipitation in eastern Kansas.
Addressing the paradox of the team innovation process: A review and practical considerations

Facilitating team innovation is paramount to promoting progress in the science, technology, engineering, and math fields, as well as advancing national health, safety, prosperity, and welfare. However, innovation teams face a unique set of challenges due to the novelty and uncertainty that is core to the definition of innovation, as well as the paradoxical nature of idea generation and idea implementation processes. These and other challenges must be overcome for innovation teams to realize their full potential for producing change. The purpose of this review is, thus, to provide insight into the unique context that these teams function within and provide an integrative, evidence-based, and practically useful, organizing heuristic that focuses on the most important considerations for facilitating team innovation. Finally, we provide practical guidance for psychologists, organizations, practitioners, scientists, educators, policymakers, and others who employ teams to produce novel, innovative solutions to today's problems. (PsycINFO Database Record
Hemolysis with alloxan and alloxan-like compounds and the protective action of tocopherol.

The production of hemolysis in tocopherol-deficient rats by injection of compounds related to alloxan has been studied. Alloxantin had the same hemolytic action as alloxan; dialuric acid was about twice, ninhydrin about six times as effective as alloxan. Alloxanic acid had no hemolytic action. In tocopherol-treated rats no hemolysis was observed after the injection of alloxantin, dialuric acid and ninhydrin, as well as of alloxan. Hemolysis of red blood cells obtained from tocopherol-deficient rats could be produced in vitro by dialuric acid and to a lesser extent by alloxantin but not by alloxan or ninhydrin. In the presence of cysteine, glutathione or ascorbic acid, alloxan reacted as dialuric acid. The three reducing agents themselves hemolyzed the cells of deficient rats although to a much lesser extent than did dialuric acid. The red blood cells of tocopherol-treated rats were resistant to hemolysis in vitro as in vivo by all the above hemolyzing compounds. Addition of tocopherol to the reaction mixture protected the cells of deficient animals against the hemolytic action of dialuric acid. The tocopherol was more effective when it was incubated with the cells before the dialuric acid was added. It is proposed that the hemolysis is linked with the reversible oxidation-reduction system of dialuric acid and alloxan, the actual hemolyzing agent being an intermediate of this reaction. Cysteine, glutathione and ascorbic acid, which are readily oxidized by molecular oxygen may form similar intermediates. The protective action of tocopherol is a function of the red blood cell and may best be explained as an antioxidant effect.
Raman Measurements of AgI and RbAg4I5

Using the Raman Technique, we have observed large abrupt reversible changes in the phonon spectrum at the transition temperature, Tc=147°C, of AgI. These can be seen in the figure. The defect nature of the high temperature phase completely breaks down the selection rules and allows the Raman measurements to give a measure of the frequency dependent conductivity, σ(ω), assuming a frequency independent matrix element. Similarities as well as differences in σ(ω) above and below Tc can be seen.
Transport Principles - Porous Membranes

This chapter begins with a summary of general expressions derived from linear, non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory for one-dimensional transport across membranes. These expressions provide a framework for many of the transport analyses presented throughout the book, for example, those of the solution-diffusion type. Transport in homogeneous membranes is discussed briefly as the limiting case for pure diffusion. The remainder of the chapter reviews the hydrodynamic approach to modeling combined diffusive and convective transport in porous membranes. The model for uniform diameter, cylindrical pores is examined in enough detail to indicate the origin of predictions for the global thermodynamic transport coefficients in the limit of very dilute solutions of neutral spherical solutes. Extension to less dilute solutions, non-spherical, flexible and charged solutes is summarized.
A Theoretical Crystal Grower’s View of Phase Equilibria

This lecture first focuses on operational definitions — it is hoped without circularity — of thermodynamic systems, fields, phases, and equilibrium conditions. In particular, I will show that the latter are always the consequence of a minimum principle due to Gibbs. I will also emphasize that equilibrium does not always imply constancy of fields. Then, phase diagrams, also due to the genius of Gibbs, emerge as a graphical representation of equilibria. I will demonstate through examples (garnets and ternary III-V’s) how these diagrams are used. Finally, I will indicate that the final crystal product, under certain circumstances of “slow” growth, can be predicted from equilibrium considerations alone.
An estimate of carbonate production by macrobenthos in some tropical, soft-bottom communities

Productivity figures are available for most of the species comprising a few soft-bottom communities in the Miami area, USA. These are in the form of the ratio of annual somatic production to standing crop, both being measured as drytissue weight. These values have been converted to carbonate productivity ratios, and from these the carbonate production per square metre per year calculated. The values range from less than 1 g to nearly 400 g for sublittoral communities, and about 1 kg for one intertidal area.
Solvation effects on DFT predictions of ORR activity on metal surfaces

Abstract We present a comparison study between the implicit and explicit solvation approach for density functional theory (DFT) predictions of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity on Pt (111) and other metal surfaces under acidic conditions. DFT calculations with a self-consistent polarizable continuum model implement in VASPsol results in more accurate predictions of onset potentials for Pt(111) than vacuum DFT calculations due to the extra stabilization of the surface intermediates (OOH*, O*, OH*). Implicit solvation also preserves the scaling relationship among ORR intermediates and volcano-shape activity relationships that correlate ORR onset potential or activity to the free energy absorption of O* or OH*. Moreover, VASPsol predicts variation in the solvation energies across different surfaces, suggesting the use of universal solvation corrections may not be valid. However, VASPsol exhibits significant weaker OH* solvation energies (by ∼ 0.4 eV) on Pt (111) compared to literature values using an explicit water bilayer and therefore underestimates the onset potential on Pt (111). We attribute this lack of OH* solvation energies by VASPsol to its inability to address hydrogen bonds and the absence of intermediate stabilization of the bilayer structure. Strategies to mitigate this problem, including tuning VASPsol parameters and a hybrid approach incorporating one to two water molecules, are also examined but not found to alleviate the underestimation of the solvation of OH*.
Gaining from discretization of continuous data: The correspondence analysis biplot approach

According to Stevens's classification of measurement, continuous data can be either ratio or interval scale data. The relationship between two continuous variables is assumed to be linear and is estimated with the Pearson correlation coefficient, which assumes normality between the variables. If researchers use conventional statistics (t test or analysis of variance) or factor analysis of correlation matrices to study gender or race differences, the data are assumed to be continuous and normally distributed. If continuous data are discretized, they become ordinal; thus, discretization is widely considered to be a downgrading of measurement. However, discretization is advantageous for data analysis, because it provides interactive relationships between the discretized variables and naturally measured categorical variables such as gender and race. Such interactive relationship information between categories is not available with the ratio or interval scale of measurement, but it is useful to researchers in some applications. In the present study, Wechsler intelligence and memory scores were discretized, and the interactive relationships were examined among the discretized Wechsler scores (by gender and race). Unlike in previous studies, we estimated category associations and used correlations to enhance their interpretation, and our results showed distinct gender and racial/ethnic group differences in the correlational patterns.
The Effects of Blur and Inversion on the Recognition of Ambient Face Images.

When viewing unfamiliar faces that vary in expressions, angles, and image quality, observers make many recognition errors. Specifically, in unconstrained identity-sorting tasks, observers struggle ...
The Musing of a Goan Internationalist: Interview with Antonio Gomes, Diasporic Poet and Novelist

Professor Rochelle Almeida of New York University spent an afternoon with the poet-novelist Antonio (Tony) Gomes in New York City recently. It was an opportunity to discuss the presence of Goa in his writing, the forces that inspire him as a diasporic writer of Goan heritage and the challenges of producing literary creativity while serving as an internationally recognized cardiologist in one of New York’s leading hospitals. The role played by his trajectory as an immigrant from India and the personal highs and lows of his life as featured in his writing were also discussed.
Cladocopium community divergence in two Acropora coral hosts across multiple spatial scales

Many broadly-dispersing corals acquire their algal symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) horizontally from their environment upon recruitment. Horizontal transmission could promote coral fitness across diverse environments provided that corals can associate with divergent algae across their range and that these symbionts exhibit reduced dispersal potential. Here we quantified community divergence of Cladocopium algal symbionts in two coral host species (Acropora hyacinthus, Acropora digitifera) across two spatial scales (reefs on the same island, and between islands) across the Micronesian archipelago using microsatellites. We find that both hosts associated with two genetically distinct Cladocopium lineages (C40, C21), confirming that Acropora coral hosts associate with a range of Cladocopium symbionts across this region. Both C40 and C21 exhibited extensive clonality. Clones not only existed across host conspecifics living on the same reef, but also spanned host species, reef sites within islands, and even different islands. Both Cladocopium lineages exhibited moderate host specialization and divergence across islands. In addition, within every island, algal symbiont communities were significantly clustered by both host species and reef site, highlighting that coral-associated Cladocopium communities are structured across small spatial scales and within hosts on the same reef. This is in stark contrast to their coral hosts, which never exhibited significant genetic divergence between reefs on the same island. These results support the view that horizontal transmission could improve local fitness for broadly dispersing Acropora coral species.
Thickness of the divide and flank of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet through the last deglaciation

Abstract. We report cosmogenic-nuclide measurements from two isolated groups of nunataks in West Antarctica: the Pirrit Hills, located midway between the grounding line and the divide in the Weddell Sea sector, and the Whitmore Mountains, located along the Ross–Weddell divide. At the Pirrit Hills, evidence of glacial-stage ice cover extends ∼320 m above the present ice surface. Subsequent thinning mostly occurred after ∼14 kyr BP, and modern ice levels were established some time after ∼4 kyr BP. We infer that, like at other flank sites, these changes were primarily controlled by the position of the grounding line downstream. At the Whitmore Mountains, cosmogenic 14C concentrations in bedrock surfaces demonstrate that ice there was no more than ∼190 m thicker than present during the past ∼30 kyr. Combined with other constraints from West Antarctica, the 14C data imply that the divide was thicker than present for a period of less than ∼8 kyr within the past ∼15 kyr. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the divide initially thickened due to the deglacial rise in snowfall and subsequently thinned in response to retreat of the ice-sheet margin. We use these data to evaluate several recently published ice-sheet models at the Pirrit Hills and Whitmore Mountains. Most of the models we consider do not match the observed timing and/or magnitude of thickness change at these sites. However, one model performs relatively well at both sites, which may, in part, be due to the fact that it was calibrated with geological observations of ice-thickness change from other sites in Antarctica.