cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy for melanoma

Abstract Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1-R) and melanin are two attractive melanoma-specific targets for peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy for melanoma. Radiolabeled peptides targeting MC1-R/melanin can selectively and specifically target cytotoxic radiation generated from therapeutic radionuclides to melanoma cells for cell killing, while sparing the normal tissues and organs. This review highlights the recent advances of peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy of melanoma targeting MC1-R and melanin. The promising therapeutic efficacies of 188 Re-(Arg 11 )CCMSH ( 188 Re-[Cys 3,4,10 , d -Phe 7 ,Arg 11 ]-α-MSH 3–13 ), 177 Lu- and 212 Pb-labeled DOTA-Re(Arg 11 )CCMSH (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-[ReO-(Cys 3,4,10 , d -Phe 7 , Arg 11 )]-α-MSH 3–13 ) and 188 Re-HYNIC-4B4 ( 188 Re-hydrazinonicotinamide-Tyr-Glu-Arg-Lys-Phe-Trp-His-Gly-Arg-His) in preclinical melanoma-bearing models demonstrate an optimistic outlook for peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy for melanoma. Peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy for melanoma will likely contribute in an adjuvant setting, once the primary tumor has been surgically removed, to treat metastatic deposits and for treatment of end-stage disease. The lack of effective treatments for metastatic melanoma and end-stage disease underscores the necessity to develop and implement new treatment strategies, such as peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy.
Influencing the World Versus Adjusting to Constraints Social Class Moderates Responses to Discrimination

Although higher social class carries mental and physical health benefits, these advantages are less robust among members of racial and ethnic minority groups than among European Americans. We explore whether differential reactions to discrimination may be a factor in explaining why. Working-class and middle-class Latino American women engaged in an evaluative interaction with a European American woman who rejected them and held either prejudiced or unprejudiced attitudes. We examined how participants responded to this rejection by measuring neuroendocrine reactivity, executive functioning, and the affective content of their verbal responses during the interaction. Among middle-class Latinas, rejection from a prejudiced, compared to unprejudiced, out-group member was associated with less adaptive stress responses, greater cognitive depletion, and more feelings of uncertainty. In contrast, among working-class Latinas, neuroendocrine, cognitive, and affective responses were similar across the two sources of rejection. Results suggest that social class is an important moderator of responses to discrimination. © The Author(s) 2013.
Anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic targeted systemic therapy for high-risk prostate cancer

Abstract In the United States, prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer diagnosed in men. Although localized disease has a high chance for cure, metastatic disease eventually leads to incurable androgen refractory prostate cancer. There has been an increased focus on anti-angiogenic targeting therapies for high-risk disease. Docetaxol, thalidomide, bevacizumab, angiostatin, and anti-androgen ablation all have proven anti-angiogenic properties in clinical and/or preclinical prostate cancer treatment. This article summarizes the recent clinical and translational research advances in this field. It appears that anti-angiogenic agents may be used to treat high-risk prostate cancer, when used in combination with conventional cytotoxic agents.
Mining regulatory 5′UTRs from cDNA deep sequencing datasets

Regulatory 5 0 untranslated regions (r5 0 UTRs) of mRNAs such as riboswitches modulate the expression of genes involved in varied biological processes in both bacteria and eukaryotes. New high-throughput sequencing technologies could provide powerful tools for discovery of novel r5 0 UTRs, but the size and complexity of the datasets generated by these technologies makes it difficult to differentiate r5 0 UTRs from the multitude of other types of RNAs detected. Here, we developed and implemented a bioinformatic approach to identify putative r5 0 UTRs from within large datasets of RNAs recently identified by pyrosequencing of the Vibrio cholerae small transcriptome. This screen yielded only � 1% of all non-overlapping RNAs along with 75% of previously annotated r5 0 UTRs and 69 candidate V. cholerae r5 0 UTRs. These candidates include several putative functional homologues of diverse r5 0 UTRs characterized in other species as well as numerous candidates upstream of genes involved in pathways not known to be regulated by r5 0 UTRs, such as fatty acid oxidation and peptidoglycan catabolism. Two of these novel r5 0 UTRs were experimentally validated using a GFP reporter-based approach. Our findings suggest that the number and diversity of pathways regulated by r5 0 UTRs has been underestimated and that deep sequencing-based transcriptomics will be extremely valuable in the search for novel r5 0 UTRs.
Information Sharing and Patterns of Social Interaction in an Enterprise Social Bookmarking Service

In this paper, we explore how a social bookmarking service is used to support knowledge sharing in a large enterprise. While there has been considerable interest in social bookmarking and collaborative tagging systems in recent years, very little is known about their actual usage. In this paper, we present the results of a
Comparative floral development in Lithospermum (Boraginaceae) and implications for the evolution and development of heterostyly

Premise of the study The evolution and development of floral developmental patterns were investigated in three heterostylous and three homostylous species of Lithospermum to determine whether species that independently acquired the same floral form follow the same pattern of development or different patterns. Methods Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we observed developmental patterns in flowers at different stages of maturity. These patterns were compared within individual species, between heterostylous morphs, and among heterostylous and homostylous species. Key results Although heterostyly has been determined by phylogenetic analysis to have originated independently in each of the heterostylous species, flowers of the long-style morph of each species follow similar patterns of gross development, as do those of the short-style morph. In addition, the flowers of each morph develop in a manner similar to those of their respective homostylous, herkogamous relatives. However, the developmental patterns of the stylar epidermal cells differ among these species and between heterostylous and homostylous species. Conclusions Floral developmental patterns in homostylous species provide evidence that modification of specific traits, such as patterns of stylar growth, can lead to the evolution of heterostyly. The developmental changes that affect the positions of the stigmas and anthers in each morph likely involve either temporal or spatial modifications of gene function. The floral developmental patterns described here and the occurrence of multiple types of herkogamy within some species of Lithospermum provide evidence that heterostylous species in the genus have originated via distinct evolutionary developmental pathways.
What Predicts a Good Response to Cognitive Remediation Interventions

Cognitive remediation is a behavioral intervention designed to improve cognition in people who have suffered a decline in neuropsychological functioning. The application of cognitive remediation for people with schizophrenia has become increasingly popular. In this article we attempt to determine what factors moderate outcome in cognitive remediation. This issue is of primary concern, as the efficacy of treatments largely depends on the appropriate selection of individuals and treatment methodologies that are most likely to yield gains. Three databases were examined, dividing the samples into participants who showed or did not show a marked improvement from baseline to posttest. We examined patient, illness, and treatment factors that might affect treatment response. Whereas certain patient and treatment variables did differentiate ‘‘Improvers’’ from ‘‘Nonimprovers,’’ illness factors were the least likely to influence treatment outcome. Treatment intensity, type of cognitive remediation program, and therapist qualifications were identified as key treatment variables. Patient levels of motivation for treatment and baseline sets of work habits were also important moderators. While the issue of treatment intensity appears to be especially salient, there is evidence that to some extent patient and treatment variables intertwine to produce a positive response to cognitive remediation.
Kinetics of Oxidation of Natural Organic Material in Clays

The kinetics of burnout of natural organic matter in building clays were investigated. The results indicate that burnout occurs in two stages for extruded bodies. The temperature dependence of the reaction rate during the first stage was the same as that for the diffusivity of an O2/CO/CO2 gas mixture. It is, therefore, postulated that gas diffusivity controls the reaction rate. The rate of the second stage of reaction followed parabolic kinetics and was independent of clay and temperature. It is suggested that back-pressure of product gases builds up in the pores of the body and controls the reaction rate. This concept of the second stage is verified by the absence of the second stage when carbon is burned out of clay powder.
Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98

An Erratum has been published for this article in Hydrological Processes 16(5) 2002, 1129–1130. Nitrate (NO3) and other nutrients discharged by the Mississippi River are suspected of causing a zone of depleted dissolved oxygen (hypoxic zone) in the Gulf of Mexico each summer. The hypoxic zone may have an adverse affect on aquatic life and commercial fisheries. The amount of NO3 delivered by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico is well documented, but the relative contributions of different sources of NO3, and the magnitude of subsequent in-stream transformations of NO3, are not well understood. Forty-two water samples collected in 1997 and 1998 at eight stations located either on the Mississippi River or its major tributaries were analysed for NO3, total nitrogen (N), atrazine, chloride concentrations and NO3 stable isotopes (δ15N and δ18O). These data are used to assess the magnitude and nature of in-stream N transformation and to determine if the δ15N and δ18O of NO3 provide information about NO3 sources and transformation processes in a large river system (drainage area 2 900 000 km2) that would otherwise be unavailable using concentration and discharge data alone. Results from 42 samples indicate that the δ15N and δ18O ratios between sites on the Mississippi River and its tributaries are somewhat distinctive, and vary with season and discharge rate. Of particular interest are two nearly Lagrangian sample sets, in which samples from the Mississippi River at St Francisville, LA, are compared with samples collected from the Ohio River at Grand Chain, II, and the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL. In both Lagrangian sets, mass-balance calculations indicate only a small amount of in-stream N loss. The stable isotope data from the samples suggest that in-stream N assimilation and not denitrification accounts for most of the N loss in the lower Mississippi River during the spring and early summer months. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micropipette aspiration of living cells.

The mechanical behavior of living cells is studied with micropipette suction in which the surface of a cell is aspirated into a small glass tube while tracking the leading edge of its surface. Such edges can be tracked in a light microscope to an accuracy of $25 nm and suction pressures as small as 0.1}0.2 pN/lm2 can be imposed on the cell. Both soft cells, such as neutrophils and red cells, and more rigid cells, such as chondrocytes and endothelial cells, are studied with this technique. Interpretation of the measurements with basic continuum models leads to values for a cell’s elastic and viscous properties. In particular, neutrophils are found to behave as a liquid drop with a cortical (surface) tension of about 30 pN/lm and a viscosity on the order of 100 Pa s. On the other hand, chondrocytes and endothelial cells behave as solids with an elastic modulus of the order of 500 pN/lm2 (0.5 kPa). ( 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Communication-Based Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorders A Literature Review

This literature review examines the present level of evidence in support of communication-based treatments for children with autism spectrum disorders. Reviews to date have reported on research pub...
Mixed Logit with Bounded Distributions of Correlated Partworths

The use of a joint normal distribution for partworths is computationally attractive, particularly with Bayesian MCMC procedures, and yet is unrealistic for any attribute whose partworth is logically bounded (e.g., is necessarily positive or cannot be unboundedly large). A mixed logit is specified with partworths that are transformations of normally distributed terms, where the transformation induces bounds; examples include censored normals, log-normals, and S B distributions which are bounded on both sides. The model retains the computational advantages of joint normals while providing greater flexibility for the distributions of correlated partworths. The method is applied to data on customers’ choice among vehicles in stated choice experiments. The flexibility that the transformations allow is found to greatly improve the model, both in terms of fit and plausibility, without appreciably increasing the computational burden.
Modular Trough Power Plants

A number of factors are creating an increased market potential for small trough power technology. These include the need for distributed power systems for rural communities worldwide, the need to generate more electricity by non -combustion renewable processes, the need for sustainable power for economic growth in developing countries, and the deregulation and privatization of the electrical generation sector worldwide. Parabolic trough collector technology has been used in large central station power plants. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) air-cooled modular power units have been successfully applied for large and small-scale geothermal power plants, with over 600 MW of capacity, during the same period. The merging of these two technologies to produce distributed modular power plants in the 200 kW to 10 MW range offers a new application for both technologies. It is our objective in this paper to introduce a modular trough power plant (MTPP) and discuss its performance and the cost of electricity generation from such system.
Systematics of the Eupatorium album Complex (Asteraceae) from Eastern North America

Abstract Analysis of ITS sequence data showed unexpected complexity for Eupatorium album and E. petaloideum, a closely related species pair from eastern North America that has been considered to form a single species. The two species consistently differed in ITS sequence by seven to eight bp as well as a one bp indel, and detailed analysis revealed little intraspecific variation. The ITS sequences of other samples that had similar but slightly differing morphology and were pollen sterile gave several patterns involving bp or indel polymorphisms that indicated that they were of hybrid derivation. Based on differences in leaf and phyllary shape and glandular trichome distribution it was possible to delimit the individual hybrid combinations from one another and from their progenitor species. Material previously called E. album from the western part of its range is of hybrid origin from E. album and E. lancifolium, and is described here as Eupatorium sullivaniae. Material from the northeastern part of the ra...
A life course approach yields breakthroughs in understanding food insecurity and obesity among Brazilian females.

Household food insecurity, lack of consistent ac-cess to adequate healthy food for all household members to lead active healthy lives, can be both a cause and consequence of poverty. However, food insecurity is not synonymous or congruent with poverty, and the preponderance of evidence supports treating it primarily as a consequence of poverty, and other factors
Electrochemical Etching of Individual Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

The electrochemical properties of individual multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) coated with an amorphous carbon layer are reported. MWNTs were etched at potentials more positive than 1.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M NaCI) in an aqueous 0.1 M KCl electrolyte solution. The logarithm of etching rate was proportional to the applied electrode potential, suggesting a kinetic etching mechanism. The estimated charge necessary to etch a MWNT was smaller than the total charge passed during etching, indicating that current was consumed for other parasitic reactions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of partially etched MWNTs indicate that etching begins at the distal end and proceeds preferentially along the longitudinal axis of the nanotube. The amorphous carbon layer was etched more readily than the graphitic core. TEM images of completely etched MWNTs showed that the pore at the distal end was still open, and that the tip of the MWNT was sharpened. These results indicate that electrochemical etching might be useful for controlling the shape and length of carbon nanotubes.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Activates a Conserved Innate Antiviral Response to Hepatitis B Virus That Destabilizes Nucleocapsids and Reduces Nuclear Viral DNA

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is critical for the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the clinical setting and in model systems. TNF induces noncytopathic suppression and clearance of HBV in animal models, possibly through reduction of viral nucleocapsids, but the mechanism is not well described. Here, we demonstrate the molecular mechanism and broad host range for TNF action against HBV. We show that TNF rapidly blocks HBV replication by promoting destabilization of preexisting cytoplasmic viral nucleocapsids containing viral RNA and DNA, as well as empty nucleocapsids. TNF destabilized human HBV nucleocapsids in a variety of human hepatocytic cell lines and in primary rat hepatocytes and also destabilized duck HBV (DHBV) nucleocapsids in chicken hepatocytic cells. Lysates from TNF-treated uninfected cells also destabilized HBV nucleocapsids in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of DHBV DNA replication by TNF blocks nuclear accumulation of the viral transcription template, maintenance of which is essential for the establishment and maintenance of chronic infection. We show that TNF destabilization of HBV nucleocapsids does not involve ubiquitination or methylation of the viral core protein and is not mediated by the nitric oxide free radical arm of the TNF pathway. These results define a novel antiviral mechanism mediated by TNF against multiple types of HBVs in different species.
Structuring the State: The Formation of Italy and Germany and the Puzzle of Federalism

Structuring the State: The Formation of Italy and Germany and the Puzzle of Federalism. By Daniel Ziblatt. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006. 288p. $42.00. Federal “solutions” are bandied about by armchair constitutional designers, their purported benefits for Iraq or elsewhere debated on talk shows and in academic conferences. At times, the support for federalism seems based on its apparent middling position between unitary government and partition; it is a compromise. But is federalism feasible ? Federation is not easy to pull off, and Daniel Ziblatt's book, written about two cases of state formation in the mid-nineteenth century, should be read by all who advocate federalism in transitioning states today because it provides us with a careful analysis of the potential for fractured states to embrace federal unification.
Estrogens and ICI182,780 (Faslodex) Modulate Mitosis and Cell Death in Immature Cerebellar Neurons via Rapid Activation of p44/p42 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase

Estrogen influences the development and function of the nervous system through estrogen receptor-dependent changes in gene expression and by rapidly influencing diverse intracellular signaling pathways. We have investigated the influence of estradiol on developing neonatal rat cerebellar neurons in primary culture and found that low concentrations of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2), 17α-E2, 17β-E2-BSA, and ICI182,780 stimulated phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Neither testosterone nor progesterone increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The effects of the estrogens were specific to the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway and were blocked by U0126, an inhibitor of the ERK1/2 MAPK kinase (MEK1/2). Compared with control cultures, significant MAPK-dependent decreases in viable granule cell numbers were observed in dissociated explant cultures of developing cerebellar neurons 24–96 hr after pulse treatment with 10 pm 17β-E2 or 10 nm ICI182,780. In contrast, continuous exposure to 10 pm 17β-E2 significantly increased granule cell numbers. Analysis of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation revealed that a 15 min pulsed treatment with 10 pm 17β-E2 increased mitogenesis, whereas continuous exposure to the same concentration of 17β-E2 was anti-mitotic. Estradiol did not increase caspase activity; however, significant increases in cellular permeability and lysis were observed. Cell lysis and death were independent of the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk but were blocked fully by the irreversible calpain inhibitor PD150606. These results indicate that rapid activation of the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway by low concentrations of 17β-E2 induces oncotic/necrotic, but not apoptotic, programmed cell death in a subpopulation of developing granule cells and increased mitogenesis of the granule cell neuroblasts refractory to estrogen-induced neurotoxicity.
Analyzing Privacy Designs of Mobile Social Networking Applications

The combined advances of open mobile platforms and online social networking applications (SNAs) are driving pervasive computing to the real-world users, as the mobile SNAs are expected to revolutionize wireless application industry. While sharing location through mobile SNAs is useful for information access and user interactions, privacy issues must be addressed at the design levels of mobile SNAs. In this paper, we survey mobile SNAs available today and we analyze their privacy designs using feedback and control framework on information capture, construction, accessibility, and purposes. Our analysis results suggest that today's mobile SNAs need better privacy protection on construction and accessibility, to handle increasingly popular mash-ups between different SNA sites. We also identify two unexpected privacy breaches and suggest three potential location misuse scenarios using mobile SNAs.
Ultra-wideband SAW correlator

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) correlator that satisfies FCC bandwidth requirements for ultra-wideband (UWB) operation has been built and tested. The correlator operates within the 3.1 to 10.6 GHz bandwidth region and uses bi-phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation to achieve a spreading of the main lobe to a 25% bandwidth. This device is capable of spreading or de-spreading a UWB signal directly to or from base-band to microwave frequencies
RED OAK BORER (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) FLIGHT TRAPPING IN THE OZARK NATIONAL FOREST, ARKANSAS

Abstract High population densities of red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman), are believed to be a major contributor to recent widespread oak mortality in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas. The intent of this research was to expand our knowledge on specific aspects of this insect's biology, life history, and distribution by trapping flying adults in the Ozark National Forest during emergence of 2001, 2003, and 2005 cohorts. Passive flight intercept trap catches revealed that preferred flight height and thus optimal trap placement for monitoring populations was close to the base of the dominant/co-dominant northern red oak, Quercus rubra L., canopy. Flight periods and peak flight were different in 2001 and 2003. Emergence occurred a week earlier in 2001 vs. 2003. Peak flight occurred over a 3-week period from mid Jun to early Jul in 2001 in contrast to 2003 peak flight, which occurred the first week of Jul. Male to female ratios were 1.9:1 and 1.4:1 for 2001 and 2003, respectively. In 2003, sex ratios...
K-rich Basalt in the Bukit Mersing area, Third Division, Sarawak

The basalts exposed near Bukit Mersing, Sarawak are early Eocene in age, and li e conformably over the highly folded , imbricated metasediments of th e Rajang Group. Initi ally thought to be ophiolite, it lies close to the "Tatau-Bukit Mersing Line" , which was thought to be a major thrust fault or terrane suture, containi ng obducted ocean floor material. The one analysis published in 1957 showed a K20 value of 2.82%, too high for ocean floor basalt produced at a spreadin g center. New analyses confirm that K contents in these rocks are hi gh. The K is hosted in K-feldspar rims around pl agiocla se phenocrysts. Based on the chemistry, and on field relation ships , the Tau Range basalt is not ophi o lit e, but is likely to be Oceanic Island basalt, developed over oceanic crust, caused by short-lived hot spot magmatism.
Positions Explored and Defined

As French policy stood in February of 1669, the first of Pomponne’s tasks as ambassador of Louis XIV at The Hague was to keep open the door for renewed amity with the United Provinces. While he was en route to The Hague, Lionne had rushed off to him a reminder that he must try to persuade the Dutch that “the king does not devour lands and states without rhyme or reason” and he underlined the words which summed up the Dutch fears.1
Contexts for understanding forgiveness and repentance as discovery: a pastoral care perspective.

Conceptualizes forgiveness and repentance from a discovery process paradigm and examines various contexts for understanding and facilitating the forgiveness/repentance process. Suggests a “body/min...
The Correlation between Author Demographics and Publication Success

The paper attempts to examine the demographics and the characteristics of the authors who have successfully published their research in Operations Management (OM) journals. Membership in the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), number of contributing authors, presence of OM Ph.D. programs at affiliated institutions, and academic rank are analyzed for consistency. Professional background information of the publishing authors is collected from four academic operations management journals — Management Science, IIE Transactions, European Journal of Operational Research (EJOR) and Omega — over a period of one year. Basic descriptive statistics are computed on the authors’ information. Bonferroni simultaneous confidence intervals are calculated and analyzed to determine if the faculty from each academic rank is equally represented as hypothesized. This research provides a quantified statistical snapshot of the authors of articles published in OM journals. The findings indicate higher publication productivity in some academic ranks than others. Furthermore, the paper provides potential strategies to leverage the unique contributions from all academic ranks in research production.
MIMO satellite communication with accelerated dual paths asynchronous design

This paper presents a novel asynchronous design approach for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) satellite communication (SatCom) systems. One of the main challenges for MIMO SatCom systems is that these are prone to transient faults that typically are attributable to radiation hazards. Hence, instead of using conventional synchronous circuits, we conceive our design using asynchronous circuits since it inherently has a high tolerance to transient fault. Additionally, we adopt accelerated dual paths (ADP) design into our system. By carefully arranging the data flow between the two paths, the ADP design approach can help to further accelerate the asynchronous system and increase the reliability of the system by circumventing transient faults induced delay, as well as tolerating latch-ups and other permanent faults. The numerical results show that this design approach provides promising results. For example, the proposed design can decrease the delay overhead of the entire system from 43.5 to 19.8 % at the fault rate of 400/clock cycle.
Laboratory Medicine in the Era of National Health Reform: Forecast for the 1990s

National Health Reform—“Pay or Play” or an all payers system. What will the future bring? The national debate on health reform is under way, and few can predict the outcome. The dust may not clear until well after the 1992 election. National politics, however, is not the only force affecting health care and medicine; laboratory medicine is at the vortex of changes sweeping the health industry. The next 5 years will bring unsettling changes—both threats and opportunities—for clinical pathology.
Effectiveness of Screening Methods for Contraband Recovery

Passenger profile and x-ray screens are used in tandem to select passenger baggage to search for agricultural contraband at international arrivals at U.S. airports. To test the effectiveness of this system, approximately 5,000 random bags were sampled and searched over a period of 3 months during the summer of 1989. The results are expressed as the number of bags containing at least one item of contraband. Of the approximately 23,000 bags that arrived daily at the main terminal at Los Angeles International Airport, 1.4% ± 0.2% (SEM) or 334 ± 44 (SEM) contained contraband. Profiling selected 7% of the total while capturing 25% of bags with contraband. Subsequent x-ray selected 13% and captured 44%, for an overall recovery of 11 ± 2% by searching 1% of all arriving bags. These results should be applicable to other airports with the same screening system. Calculations indicate that placing x-ray units on the baggage belts should result in a 14% recovery with the same staff and that perhaps 18% may be possible with improved technology and training. Further reduction of non-detected contraband probably cannot be accomplished by searching alone but will require encouraging passengers to reduce such imports.
UNIFICATION OF BINARY STAR EPHEMERIS SOLUTIONS

Time-related binary system characteristics such as orbital period, its rate of change, apsidal motion, and variable light-time delay due to a third body, are measured in two ways that can be mutually complementary. The older way is via eclipse timings, while ephemerides by simultaneous whole light and velocity curve analysis have appeared recently. Each has its advantages, for example, eclipse timings typically cover relatively long time spans while whole curves often have densely packed data within specific intervals and allow access to systemic properties that carry additional timing information. Synthesis of the two information sources can be realized in a one step process that combines several data types, with automated weighting based on their standard deviations. Simultaneous light-velocity-timing solutions treat parameters of apsidal motion and the light-time effect coherently with those of period and period change, allow the phenomena to interact iteratively, and produce parameter standard errors based on the quantity and precision of the curves and timings. The logic and mathematics of the unification algorithm are given, including computation of theoretical conjunction times as needed for generation of eclipse timing residuals. Automated determination of eclipse type, recovery from inaccurate starting ephemerides, and automated data weighting are also covered. Computationalmore » examples are given for three timing-related cases—steady period change (XY Bootis), apsidal motion (V526 Sagittarii), and the light-time effect due to a binary's reflex motion in a triple system (AR Aurigae). Solutions for all combinations of radial velocity, light curve, and eclipse timing input show consistent results, with a few minor exceptions.« less
Main Memory Adaptive Denormalization

Joins have traditionally been the most expensive database operator, but they are required to query normalized schemas. In turn, normalized schemas are necessary to minimize update costs and space usage. Joins can be avoided altogether by using a denormalized schema instead of a normalized schema; this improves analytical query processing times at the tradeof increased update overhead, loading cost, and storage requirements. In our work, we show that we can achieve the best of both worlds by leveraging partial, incremental, and dynamic denormalized tables to avoid join operators, resulting in fast query performance while retaining the minimized loading, update, and storage costs of a normalized schema. We introduce adaptive denormalization for modern main memory systems. We replace the traditional join operations with efficient scans over the relevant partial universal tables without incurring the prohibitive cost of full denormalization.
Do You Need a New Product-Development Strategy?

OVERVIEW:Many firms rely on a single new-product development process for all projects. But designing new products for different business contexts requires that a firm deploy different new-product development processes. Products designed for stable and mature end-user markets require a process optimized for control and efficiency. In contrast, first-of-a-kind “breakthrough” products require a more emergent process that aims to discover whether there is any market to be served in the first place. Applying a uniform “best-practice” process to all development efforts ignores the major differences between these projects and may result in missed opportunities. This article describes a framework to address this problem, allowing a firm to better align the design of its development processes to the specific aims of individual projects. We illustrate this framework with examples from Hewlett-Packard, a large, diversified electronics firm that has successfully piloted this new approach across multiple business units.
Abstract 2208: Novel nanoparticle formulation of Plumbagin for pancreatic cancer treatment

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is one of the most fatal of all cancers and is ranked as the fourth most common cause of cancer related deaths among both men and women in the US. The management of PanCa, is exceptionally difficult due to the extremely poor response to available therapeutic modalities. Highly desmoplastic microenvironment in pancreatic tumor causes suboptimal drug delivery and increases chemo-resistance. Plumbagin (PL), a naturally occurring napthoquinone derived from the root of Plumbago zeylanica L., has showed potent cancer preventive and therapeutic activity against variety of cancers. However, the clinical translation of PL has been significantly hampered due to its toxicity and suboptimal bioavailability. To address these clinically relevant issues, we have developed and characterized a novel PL-loaded magnetic nanoparticle (MNP-PL) formulation. This MNP-PL formulation was prepared using Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) composed of an iron oxide core which has distinct advantages in i) bio/hemo-compatibility, ii) biodegradation, iii) higher drug loading capacity and iv) improved bioavailability. Our novel MNP-PL formulation provided average size of 125 nm in dynamic light scattering (DLS) and exhibited -9.42 to -10.79 mV zeta potential with an outstanding PL loading efficiency. We have evaluated anti-cancer potential of MNP-PL formulation in human PanCa cells (HPAF-II, AsPc1 and Panc-1). We first performed MTS and colony formation assays to determine the effects of free PL and MNP-PL formulation on growth of PanCa cells. In this experiment, cells were treated with various concentrations of free PL (1-15 μM) or MNP-PL (1-15 μM) for 24 hrs. Results exhibited efficient internalization of the MNP-PL formulation in a dose-dependent manner. As a result, the MNP-PL formulation showed four fold dose advantage over free PL. IC50 of free PL was recorded 10 μM which was significantly reduced to 2.5 μM in MNP-PL. MNP-PL also showed four fold inhibition in colony formation compared to free PL. MNP-PL treatment more efficiently inhibited oncogenic CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway in both PanCa and patient derived stromal fibroblast cells. MNP-PL treatment also showed decreased expression of CXCR4 protein levels in PanCa cells. Moreover, MNP-PL treatment inhibited stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12 expression in stromal fibroblasts. These results suggest that our novel MNP-PL formulation has more anti-cancer potential than free PL against PanCa. In conclusion, MNP-PL formulation may reduce the toxicity and improve the bioavailability of free PL and could be used for the treatment of PanCa. Citation Format: Bilal B. Hafeez, Vivek K. Kashyap, Vijayakumar N. Boya, Aditya Ganju, Mohammad Sikander, Murali M. Yallapu, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan. Novel nanoparticle formulation of Plumbagin for pancreatic cancer treatment. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2208.
Relative Prices and Floating Exchange Rates-an Empirical Exploration

The question whether changes in relative prices can affect exchange rates would be easy to answer if certain popular theories were valid. According to simple monetarism, for instance, the exchange rate between two currencies depends only on the money supply in the respective countries; the impact of relative price changes can hence be at most indirect, and these changes will contribute nothing to the explanation of actual exchange rates if monetary factors are also taken into account. Similarly, adherents of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)-who may or may not be simple monetarists-hold that only the general price level, and not relative prices, matter. The Keynesian ‘absorption’ approach, which is not as popular as it once was, attributes central importance to income changes and gives little or no weight to changes in relative prices.
A role for the mu opioid receptor in the antidepressant effects of buprenorphine.

Abstract Buprenorphine (BPN), a mixed opioid drug with high affinity for mu (MOR) and kappa (KOR) opioid receptors, has been shown to produce behavioral responses in rodents that are similar to those of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs. Although recent studies have identified KORs as a primary mediator of BPN’s effects in rodent models of depressive-like behavior, the role of MORs in BPN’s behavioral effects has not been as well explored. The current studies investigated the role of MORs in mediating conditioned approach behavior in the novelty-induced hypophagia (NIH) test, a behavioral measure previously shown to be sensitive to chronic treatment with antidepressant drugs. The effects of BPN were evaluated in the NIH test 24 h post-administration in mice with genetic deletion of the MOR (Oprm1 −/− ) or KOR (Oprk1 −/− ), or after pharmacological blockade with the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone and selective MOR antagonist cyprodime. We found that behavioral responses to BPN in the NIH test were blocked in Oprm1 −/− mice, but not in Oprk1 −/− mice. Both cyprodime and naltrexone significantly reduced approach latency at doses experimentally proven to antagonize the MOR. In contrast the selective MOR agonist morphine and the selective KOR antagonist nor-BNI were both ineffective. Moreover, antinociceptive studies revealed persistence of the MOR antagonist properties of BPN at 24 h post-administration, the period of behavioral reactivity. These data support modulation of MOR activity as a key component of BPN’s antidepressant-like effects in the NIH paradigm.
On modular forms for some noncongruence subgroups of SL2(Z)

In this paper, we consider modular forms for finite index subgroups of the modular group whose Fourier coefficients are algebraic. It is well known that the Fourier coefficients of any holomorphic modular form for a congruence subgroup (with algebraic coefficients) have bounded denominators. It was observed by Atkin and Swinnerton-Dyer that this is no longer true for modular forms for noncongruence subgroups and they pointed out that unbounded denominator property is a clear distinction between modular forms for noncongruence and congruence modular forms. It is an open question whether genuine noncongruence modular forms (with algebraic coefficients) always satisfy the unbounded denominator property. Here, we give a partial positive answer to the above open question by constructing special finite index subgroups of SL2(Z) called character groups and discuss the properties of modular forms for some groups of this kind.
Microbiological Safety of Animal Wastes Processed by Physical Heat Treatment: An Alternative To Eliminate Human Pathogens in Biological Soil Amendments as Recommended by the Food Safety Modernization Act.

ABSTRACT Animal wastes have high nutritional value as biological soil amendments of animal origin for plant cultivation in sustainable agriculture; however, they can be sources of some human pathogens. Although composting is an effective way to reduce pathogen levels in animal wastes, pathogens may still survive under certain conditions and persist in the composted products, which potentially could lead to fresh produce contamination. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Food Safety Modernization Act, alternative treatments are recommended for reducing or eliminating human pathogens in raw animal manure. Physical heat treatments can be considered an effective method to inactivate pathogens in animal wastes. However, microbial inactivation in animal wastes can be affected by many factors, such as composition of animal wastes, type and physiological stage of the tested microorganism, and heat source. Following some current processing guidelines for physical heat treatments may not be adequate ...
The Gospel according to Borges: The spiny authorial roles of Bible interpreters and translators

Borges’s “Gospel According to Mark,” written 1,900 years after the first biblical Gospel by the same name, provides a compelling illustration of how translators always play a visible, creative role in the work they perform (even when they do not realize it or want this role). The characters’ interaction with the Bible is an ideal platform to explore some complex notions that stem from postmodern conceptions of translation, such as the complicated relationship established between translators, their translations and audience. Furthermore, it is worth noting that Mark had a considerable impact on two of the three other Gospel authors, and that the Bible has had immeasurable impact on the general interpretation and translation of texts around the world. Borges’s story may seem to portray an absurd misreading of the Mark, but I propose that this radical misreading is not altogether different from the millions of interactions with the texts that have been responsible for creating and disseminating the Bible. Through brief histories of both Mark and the Vulgate in tandem with Borges’s text, we can understand that millions of nameless translators, interpreters and scribes have been responsible for actually creating what is now, in a fragmented nature, the Bible.
Localized Adult Ewing Sarcoma: Favorable Outcomes with Alternating Vincristine, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, and Ifosfamide, Etoposide (VDC/IE)‐Based Multimodality Therapy

BACKGROUND In children with localized Ewing sarcoma (ES), addition of ifosfamide and etoposide to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine (VDC/IE) improved 5-year overall survival (OS) to 70%-80%. Prior to delivery of VDC/IE in adults, 5-year OS was <50%. We reviewed our institutional outcomes for adults with ES who received VDC/IE-based treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1997-2013, 67 adults with localized ES were treated with curative intent. Local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and OS were determined using Kaplan-Meier method; comparisons were assessed with log-rank. Proportional hazard models were used to determine predictive factors. RESULTS All patients received VDC/IE (median 14 cycles.) Local therapy was surgery for 33, radiation therapy for 17, or both for 17. Median follow-up for living patients was 5.2 years. Six patients had disease progression on therapy. Site of first failure was local for three, local and distant for two, and distant for ten. Five-year LRFS was 91%; 5-year LRFS was 96% for nonpelvic disease and 64% for pelvic disease (p = .003). Five-year PFS was 66%, and 5-year OS was 79%. On multivariate analysis, pelvic site had a 3.3 times increased risk of progression (p = .01). CONCLUSION Survival for adults with localized ES treated with VDC/IE-based multimodality therapy appears to be better than historical data and similar to excellent outcomes in children. Pelvic site of disease remains a predictor of worse outcome. Given the paucity of literature for adult ES, these data help validate VDC/IE-based therapy as an appropriate treatment approach for this rare disease in adults. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Ewing sarcoma (ES) is rare in adults. Treatment approaches for adults have been extrapolated from the pediatric experience, and there is a sense that adults fare less well than children. We reviewed treatment outcomes in adults with localized ES treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine in alternation with ifosfamide and etoposide (VDC/IE) as part of multimodality therapy. Survival outcomes appear to be better than historical data for adults and similar to the excellent outcomes for children. These data help validate VDC/IE-based therapy as an appropriate treatment approach for this rare disease in adults.
Dougla Logics, Miscegenation and the National Imaginary in Trinidad

(2006). Dougla Logics, Miscegenation and the National Imaginary in Trinidad. South Asian Review: Vol. 27, 'Empire and Racial Hybridity'. Guest Edited by Deepika Bahri, pp. 204-232.
The Influence of Hazard Maps and Trust of Flood Controls on Coastal Flood Spatial Awareness and Risk Perception

Understanding the impact of digital, interactive flood hazard maps and flood control systems on public flood risk perception could enhance risk communication and management. This study analyzed a survey of residents living near California’s Newport Bay Estuary and found that self-rated nonspatial perceptions of dread or concern over future flood impacts were positively associated with spatial awareness of flood-prone areas. Trust in flood control systems was associated with greater spatial flood hazard awareness but weaker nonspatial dread or concern, suggesting residents who witnessed and trust flood control systems developed a confident sense of flood-prone areas and that this confidence reduced the overall nonspatial sense of flood dread and concern. Viewing a flood hazard map eliminated differences in spatial hazard awareness between subgroups that existed prior to viewing a map, and viewing a map with estimated flood depth and greater spatial differentiation was associated with higher levels of postm...