cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Floquet edge states in a harmonically driven integer quantum Hall system

Recent theoretical work on time-periodically kicked Hofstadter model found robust counterpropagating edge modes. It remains unclear how ubiquitously such anomalous modes can appear, and what dictates their robustness against disorder. Here we shed further light on the nature of these modes by analyzing a simple type of periodic driving where the hopping along one spatial direction is modulated sinusoidally with time while the hopping along the other spatial direction is kept constant. We obtain the phase diagram for the quasienergy spectrum at flux 1/3 as the driving frequency $\ensuremath{\omega}$ and the hopping anisotropy are varied. A series of topologically distinct phases with counterpropagating edge modes appear due to the harmonic driving, similar to the case of a periodically kicked system studied earlier. We analyze the time dependence of the pair of Floquet edge states localized at the same edge and compare their Fourier components in the frequency domain. In the limit of small modulation, one of the Floquet edge mode within the pair can be viewed as the edge mode originally living in the other energy gap shifted in quasienergy by $\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}$, i.e., by absorption or emission of a ``photon'' of frequency $\ensuremath{\omega}$. Our result suggests that counterpropagating Floquet edge modes are generic features of periodically driven integer quantum Hall systems, and not tied to any particular driving protocol. It also suggests that the Floquet edge modes would remain robust to any static perturbations that do not destroy the chiral edge modes of static quantum Hall states.
Observations on congenital teratology in turkey embryos and its experimental transmission via transplantation.

The embryonic period of the domestic turkey is characterized by a relatively high level of mortality (Kosin & Mun, 1960, 1965). The aim of the investigation reported below was to analyse the significance of certain changes observed in turkey embryos doomed to die because of either congenital or experimentally induced defects. The study was based on hatching eggs obtained in 1963 and 1964 from the Broad Breasted Bronze turkey stock maintained at that time at Washington State University for genetic investigations, and from a mass-mated flock of non-selected White Leghorn chickens. Only such criteria as size and shape of the egg and soundness of the shell were employed in choosing eggs for use. The eggs were brought daily to the storage room a few hours after laying and stored at 13·5 °C and 85 % relative humidity for 1–14 days. Following this, the eggs were incubated at 37·5 °C and 60 % relative humidity for 1–15 days.
Caudal regression syndrome.

Case A white female with an uncomplicated history of birth delivery and a familial history of diabetes mellitus presented to the orthopaedic clinic at the age of 16 months old with bowel dysfunction, inability to walk, one kidney, and a gibbus noted at T12. A “frog-like” appearance was noted of the lower extremities with webbing of the popliteal space (Fig. 1). Although some strength of the hip flexor muscles was present, no muscle function was noted at the feet and ankles. Plain radiographic evaluation noted total absence of the sacrum, partial absence of the L5 vertebra, hemivertebrae, and left-sided congenital scoliosis (Figs. 1 & 2). The patient eventually underwent spinal fusion and bilateral knee disarticulations. At 19 years of age, the patient continues to wear cosmetic knee prosthesis with attached back support and is confined to a wheelchair. Caudal regression syndrome (CSR) is a severe congenital condition characterised as premature termination of the spinal column with or without associated soft tissue, osseous, Caudal Regression Syndrome Dino Samartzis,1,2DSc, MSc, Dip EBHC, Francis H Shen,2,3MD
Mn and Cd transport by the Na-Ca exchanger of ferret red blood cells

Ca influx via the Na-Ca exchanger into ferret red blood cells is easily measured from a Na-free solution; the intracellular Na concentration is normally approximately 150 mM in ferret red blood cells. We have found that Mn and Cd competitively inhibit Ca influx. Mn influx and Cd influx were a saturable function of the divalent cation concentration, consistent with a carrier mechanism. Indeed, the Km (approximately 10 microM) and the Vmax (usually 1-3 mmol.l packed cells-1.h-1) were similar for Ca, Cd, and Mn. Extracellular Na inhibited divalent cation influx, and intracellular Na stimulated influx. These results are consistent with Na-Cd and Na-Mn influx pathways in ferret red blood cells. Ca (1 mM) almost completely inhibited Mn influx and Cd influx, whereas 1 mM Mg inhibited 5-15%. These results strongly support the notion that Mn and Cd are alternative substrates for Ca on the ferret red cell Na-Ca exchanger. The similarity in the behavior of all three divalent cation places important constraints on kinetic and structural models of the exchanger.
Calculating Matter and Recombinant Subjects: The Infinitesimal and the Fractal Fold

Because different mathematical practices are aligned with different ontologies, it matters what kind of mathematics we bring to bear in social theory. This article explores the open and urgent question as to whether and how calculation becomes an inventive practice that doesn't simply serve the control society. In search of a non-axiomatic mathematical problematic, I examine the infinitesimal for its enigmatic role in calculation and show how Deleuze and Guattari use the infinitesimal to (a) rethink the relationship between matter and meaning, and (b) describe a recombinant fractal subject well suited to our digital times. The infinitesimal is a sort of changeling number with one foot in the virtual and one foot in the actual, and thus pivotal to considerations of vitalist new mixtures of number and matter.
Enticing Bulletin Boards Advertise Activities

(1980). Enticing Bulletin Boards Advertise Activities. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 51, No. 9, pp. 80-81.
An implicit enumeration procedure for the general linear complementarity problem

An algorithm is presented for solving a quadratic programming formulation of the linear complementarity problem. No assumptions on the problem data are required. The algorithm is designed to solve the problem by implicity enumerating the 2n complementary cones. Geometrically, the procedure amounts to searching the extreme points of a sequence of faces of the constraint polyhedron of decreasing dimension. An extension to the procedure for finding all solutions of an arbitrary complementarity problem is also discussed.
PD1 and PDL1 upregulation and survival after decitabine treatment in lower risk MDS.

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a diverse group of myeloid clonal disorders, characterized by one or more cytopenias and potential progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The pre...
Adjoint-Based Aerodynamic Design of Complex Aerospace Configurations

An overview of twenty years of adjoint-based aerodynamic design research at NASA Langley Research Center is presented. Adjoint-based algorithms provide a powerful tool for efficient sensitivity analysis of complex large-scale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Unlike alternative approaches for which computational expense generally scales with the number of design parameters, adjoint techniques yield sensitivity derivatives of a simulation output with respect to all input parameters at the cost of a single additional simulation. With modern large-scale CFD applications often requiring millions of compute hours for a single analysis, the efficiency afforded by adjoint methods is critical in realizing a computationally tractable design optimization capability for such applications.
Chronic diseases in Nyeri, Kenya: a study of knowledge and perceptions

The burden of chronic, non-communicable disease such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer is growing in many developing countries including Kenya. The use of community health workers is an important tool to improve the access to care and education in rural areas. This study aims to understand the knowledge and perceptions among the general population regarding three chronic diseases – diabetes, hypertension, and cancer – in Nyeri, Kenya. Standardized, open-ended interviews were conducted with 200 participants. This study shows that most individuals interviewed are familiar with these three diseases; however, knowledge varied among individuals with many having significant gaps in knowledge. These results are consistent with previous studies from this region and will inform future education directed at community health workers and the general population.
International projections of age specific healthcare consumption: 2015–2060

Abstract We construct a demographically informed model of age specific healthcare consumption for 36 countries of widely varying income and wealth, in the National Transfer Accounts project. We project healthcare consumption to 2060 using a modified Lee-Carter technique. In our modification, GDP per capita plays the role of time in explaining changes in the age-pattern of health consumption as countries become wealthier. We find that rising wealth mainly affects health consumption at older-ages. The main advantage of the model is its simplicity and its reduced reliance on expert judgment about future trends. Unlike many health projections, we find that population aging is an important driver of future health consumption. Our model predicts rapid increases in healthcare consumption during the rapid phase of population aging but more modest increases thereafter once the great transformation to aged societies is complete.
Sex differences in recent first-onset depression in an epidemiological sample of adolescents

Prior studies provide limited and contradictory evidence regarding sex differences in the incidence of depression during adolescence, a critical period for development of the disorder. Data from six consecutive years (2009–2014) of a national survey of US adolescents aged 12–17 (N=101 685) are used to characterize sex differences in the incidence of depression by age and to compare recent first-onset and persistent depression with respect to impairment, suicide attempts, conduct problems and academic functioning. Projecting from age-specific incidence proportions, the cumulative incidence of depression between the ages of 12 and 17 is 13.6% among male and 36.1% among female subjects. The sex difference in incidence is significant at the age of 12 years (5.2% in female versus 2.0% in male subjects, P<0.0001), and it is significantly larger at ages of 13 through 17 years than at the age of 12 years (P-values<0.05). Depression-related impairment is lower in recent first-onset than in persistent depression among female but not among male subjects. The prevalence of conduct problems and poor academic functioning is higher in both recent first-onset and persistent depression relative to those with no depression for both male and female subjects. The incidence of depression during adolescence is higher than that suggested by prior studies based on retrospective recall. Contrary to prior studies, evidence suggests that the sex difference in depression originates during childhood and grows in magnitude during adolescence. High levels of impairment, suicide attempts, conduct problems and poor academic functioning argue against a 'wait and see' approach to clinical treatment of recent first-onset depression.
Central Tibetan Plateau atmospheric trace metals contamination: A 500-year record from the Puruogangri ice core.

Abstract A ~ 500-year section of ice core (1497–1992) from the Puruogangri ice cap has been analyzed at high resolution for 28 trace elements (TEs: Ag, Al, As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, U, V and Zn) to assess different atmospheric contributions to the ice and provide a temporal perspective on the diverse atmospheric influences over the central Tibetan Plateau (TP). At least two volcanic depositions have significantly impacted the central TP over the past 500 years, possibly originating from the Billy Mitchell (1580, Papua New Guinea) and the Parker Peak (1641, Philippines) eruptions. A decreasing aeolian dust input to the ice cap allowed the detection of an atmospheric pollution signal. The anthropogenic pollution contribution emerges in the record since the early 1900s (for Sb and Cd) and increases substantially after 1935 (for Ag, Zn, Pb, Cd and Sb). The metallurgy (Zn, Pb and steel smelting) emission products (Cd, Zn, Pb and Ag) from the former Soviet Union and especially from central Asia (e.g., Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan) likely enhanced the anthropogenic deposition to the Puruogangri ice cap between 1935 and 1980, suggesting that the westerlies served as a conveyor of atmospheric pollution to central Tibet. The impact of this industrial pollution cumulated with that of the hemispheric coal and gasoline combustion which are respectively traced by Sb and Pb enrichment in the ice. The Chinese steel production accompanying the Great Leap Forward (1958–1961) and the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) is proposed as a secondary but proximal source of Pb pollution affecting the ice cap between 1958 and 1976. The most recent decade (1980–1992) of the enrichment time series suggests that Puruogangri ice cap recorded the early Sb, Cd, Zn, Pb and Ag pollution originating from developing countries of South (i.e., India) and East (i.e., China) Asia and transported by the summer monsoonal circulation.
An uncertainty quantification method for inexact simulation models

The vast majority of stochastic simulation models are imperfect in that they fail to exactly emulate real system dynamics. The inexactness of the simulation model, or model discrepancy, can impact the predictive accuracy and usefulness of the simulation for decision-making. This paper proposes a systematic framework to integrate data from both the simulation responses and the real system responses to learn this discrepancy and quantify the resulting uncertainty. Our framework addresses the theoretical and computational requirements for stochastic estimation in a Bayesian setting. It involves an optimization-based procedure to compute confidence bounds on the target outputs that elicit desirable large-sample statistical properties. We illustrate the practical value of our framework with a call center example and a manufacturing line case study.
An interprofessional objective structured teaching experience (iOSTE): An interprofessional preceptor professional development activity.

ABSTRACTThere has been a recent shift to develop and implement interprofessional education for learners during their “clinical” years. With this shift comes a specific need to develop preceptors in the area of interprofessional precepting. The interprofessional objective structured teaching experience (iOSTE) is one method for developing preceptors. The iOSTE was developed from experience with an interprofessional teaching clinic. Full and short versions of the iOSTE were implemented across multiple universities. The iOSTE gives preceptors an opportunity to gain experience with key skills associated with precepting interprofessional learners in clinical settings. Participants evaluated the iOSTE after the session using Likert scale ratings and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics, independent samples T-tests, and content analysis were used to analyse the data. A total of 96 individuals from 15 different professions and three different universities participated in the iOSTE, with 59.4% (n = 57) com...
Modelling A Cooperative Approach to Open Access Scholarly Publishing: A Demonstration in the Canadian Context

Background In light of increasing interest in open access publishing, this Research in Brief proposes and presents a financial analysis of a cooperative approach to moving subscription journals to open access. Analysis The article utilizes a 2014 survey of Canadian scholarly journals as well as an earlier 2004 survey to demonstrate the ways in which a cooperative model can mitigate publisher risk and sustain open access. Conclusions and implications The study sets out the financial details of moving the “average” Canadian subscription journal to open access with the support of its previously subscribing libraries, in ways that need not involve a publisher revenue loss or a library expense increase. Keywords Journals; Open access; Financial modelling; Canada Contexte Vu l’interet croissant pour l’edition a libre acces, cette Recherche en bref propose et presente une analyse financiere d’une approche cooperative a bouger les revues d’abonnement a l’acces libre. Analyse Cet article utilise un sondage de 2014 des revues scolaires canadiennes ainsi qu’un sondage auparavant de 2004 a decrire les facons dont un modele cooperatif peut reduire le risque d’editeur et maintenir l’acces libre. Conclusion et implications L’etude expose les details financiers de bouger la « moyenne » revue d’abonnement canadienne a l’acces libre avec le soutien de ses bibliotheques qui lui s’abonnent precedemment, dans des facons qui n’impliquent pas une perte du chiffre d’affaires d’editeur ou une augmentation de la depense de bibliotheque. Mots cles Revues; Acces libre; Modelisation financiere; Canada
Oxidative Cleavage of Silyl Ethers by an Oxoammonium Salt

A method for the oxidative cleavage of silyl ethers to their corresponding carbonyl species mediated by an oxoammonium salt is described. The resulting aldehydes and ketones are obtained under mild reaction conditions with no observed overoxidation. For robust substrates, heating to reflux temperatures significantly reduces the reaction time.
Spectrum management and advanced receiver techniques (SMART): Joint radar-communications network performance

Limited spectral access motivates radar and communications technologies that can cooperate effectively. We briefly discuss the recent advancements in the fields of joint radar-communications and RF convergence to motivate a discussion of joint radar-communications network topologies. We demonstrate that MIMO spatial diversity and multi-static sensing modalities can be leveraged by a radar subsystem to massively increase effective coverage area while simultaneously providing the standard communications performance improvement. We also demonstrate that certain topologies can support a massive increase in communications user density without adversely affecting radar performance.
An exploratory study of ownership and governance interrelationships in traditional and hybrid farmer cooperatives

By conceptualizing farmer cooperatives as systems of attributes, this paper explores possible combinations and complementarities between ownership and governance characteristics to inform common responses to increases in member heterogeneity and industry competition. With an empirical study of survey data from U.S. farmer cooperatives, a strong general complementarity is found between the pursuit of investor‐oriented objectives and the delegation of control to decision specialists with specific knowledge. The novel result indicates many farmer cooperatives make sacrifices in user ownership and user control, which in theory improves competitiveness but also further complicates the conceptualization of cooperative performance, survival, and longevity.
Philosophical Foundations, Definitions, and Measures

In this chapter, I will make an attempt to sensitize the reader to the study of subjective aspects of quality of life (QOL) by addressing the philosophical foundations of QOL concepts such as happiness, positive and negative affect, emotional well-being, life satisfaction, subjective well-being, perceived QOL, psychological well-being, and eudaimonia. In doing so, definitions will be offered. I hope that these definitions will come to life when I describe example measures of these concepts.
Clinical Trials of Angiogenesis-Based Therapies: Overview and New Guiding Principles

Angiogenesis, new blood vessel growth, is a “common denominator” pathologic feature in many serious diseases, including cancer, coronary artery disease, stroke, blindness, arthritis, and more than one dozen other major conditions. Against the backdrop of largely unsatisfactory current treatments for these conditions, a new form of medical therapy aimed at controlling angiogenesis is emerging after three decades of basic scientific research. In simplest terms, angiogenesis modulating drugs restore growth control over the vascular system — by either turning “on” or turning “off” angiogenesis. A number of angiogenesis-modulating compounds, both stimulators and inhibitors, are currently in clinical trials in the United States, Canada and Europe. The reality of these trials, and some exciting early positive results, heralds an exciting era of medical therapy for the new millennium, and offers renewed hope for patients suffering from currently incurable diseases such as cancer.
Being a Good Neighbor: Can Students Come to Value Homosexual Persons?:

Attitudes toward gay/lesbian persons and behavior were initially assessed among Christian college students. Students with either uniformly positive or negative attitudes toward homosexual persons a...
Strategies for Studying the Functions of PADPRP Genes on Human Chromosomes 1 and 13

Our laboratory has focused in part on utilizing molecular aspects of the PADPRP gene sequences located on chromosome lq as well as on 13 to help clarify the biological role of these genes. With respect to chromosome lq stably transfected cell lines have been established in HeLa cells which express a reverse complementary transcription product in vivo to the exons coded for on this chromosome locus. Also, in the case of the PADPRP-like gene on chromosome 13q, we have fine mapped this sequence and have observed a linkage of deletion of this region with predisposition to various forms of cancer, especially in the African-American population.
Southeastern European Neolithic

The climate during the Southeastern European Neolithic period was apparently somewhat warmer and wetter than today. The Southeastern European region itself varies tremendously in its topography, and climate varied on a microlevel with topography and elevation. Mountains dominate the topography, and some are relatively high (c. 2000 m above sea level). Rivers cut through these mountains, creating broad alluvial valleys and lake basins. In many areas, the bedrock is predominantly limestone and carries water underground. Thus surface water is scarce in those regions.
Inelastic Effective Length Factors for Columns in Unbraced Frames

The use of effective length factors in the design of columns in frames is quite widespread in the USA. Thus, the latest AISC Allowable Stress Design Specification and the recently adopted AISC Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification include effective length factors in the expressions for the strength of columns and beam-columns. This lecture reviews the basis of elastic and inelastic effective length factors for columns in unbraced frames.
Electrochemical measurement of high concentrations of UCl3 and GdCl3 in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic

Abstract Electrochemical methods have been developed to measure metal ion concentrations in spent nuclear fuel electrorefiner by correlating concentration with current response. Analytes UCl3 and GdCl3 were studied in LiCl-KCl eutectic solvent at 773 K. A mixture matrix, which consisted of varying concentrations of UCl3 and GdCl3 from 1 to 10 wt% and from 1 to 3 wt%, respectively, was tested. Optimized normal pulse voltammetry (NPV) measurements were made on this mixture matrix and used for the concentration correlations. The accuracy of the prediction was improved by including solution resistance compensation and minimizing the working electrode surface area. The presence of GdCl3 showed no effect on the U3+ NPV reduction current, but high U concentrations affected the Gd3+ NPV reduction current. This is speculated to be due to increased migrational current in the molten salt mixture. The average relative measurement errors obtained were 1.6% and 2.7% for UCl3 and GdCl3 respectively.
The Influence of Unique Information in Briefs on Supreme Court Opinion Content

Using a unique and vast dataset and new measures derived from natural language processing, we investigate the flow of information to the Supreme Court via briefs. Our study provides an opportunity ...
Intelligent Packaging with pH Indicator Potential

Intelligent packaging, in addition to acting as a food protection barrier, can emit a signal (electric, colorimetric, among others) in real time in response to any change in the initial packaging conditions and food quality. Packaging with pH indicators or pH sensors usually consists of two parts, a solid base and a dye sensitive to the pH change that makes up the colorimetric sensor. The dyes are extracted from various sources of fruits and vegetables or synthetics. At the beginning of the food deterioration process, alteration of the pH occurs; this change is one of the indicators of product quality. Packaging with a pH indicator is a measure that could indicate the quality of the food at the time of purchase or before consumption, making it safer for consumers. Research is being carried out with the aim of improving the characteristics and applicability of these indicators. This review paper presents research results on intelligent pH indicator packaging, with studies covering pigments, polymers, food and packaging solutions, as well as an overview of the materials/technologies used for the development, and the perspectives/challenges that involve this new technology.
A 57–74-GHz Tail-Switching Injection-Locked Frequency Tripler in 28-nm CMOS

This letter presents a wideband injection-locked frequency tripler for mm-wave local oscillator generation. Conventional class-C injection is combined with class-D tail-switching, achieving significant extension of the locking range. Theoretical insights on the effectiveness of the proposed technique are provided. A 28-nm CMOS prototype achieves 57–74 GHz operation with 11-mW power consumption, without the need of tuning or calibration.
USPSTF recommends screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women but not nonpregnant adults.

Source Citation Owens DK, Davidson KW, Krist AH, et al. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2019;322:1188-94. 31550038
Memristor-Based Analog Recursive Computation Circuit for Linear Programming Optimization

Linear programming optimization is central to engineering designs, logistics management, and decision-making in every sector of the economy. Traditional hardware using CPU and GPU platforms for this purpose is severely limited by the scaling of the transistor technology. In this article, we design an analog in-memory computation circuit for accelerating linear programming optimization problems. The scheme includes a memristive crossbar array and analog peripheral circuits that do not require DAC/ADC between each algorithm iteration. In addition, several key parameters related to nonideal device characteristics and interconnect parasitics are discussed for providing practical guidelines. Furthermore, three design schemes are proposed to alleviate the computation error caused by the interconnect resistance for a large-scale crossbar array implementation. Optimal design parameters are quantified under a given number of array size and memristive resistance. Finally, the proposed hardware accelerator and error mitigation techniques are applied to six real-world power system optimization problems. The results show that the average error of generator power and the overall cost is less than 3%. It is demonstrated that the proposed accelerator achieves area, delay, and energy consumption reductions of $\sim 151\times $ , $\sim 33\times $ , and $\sim 21\times $ , respectively, compared with the CMOS digital circuits at the 16-nm technology node for a $1000\times1000$ array with 6-bit precision.
Institutional financial toxicity of failure to adhere to treatment guidelines for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background Delays in treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are known to increase disease recurrence, generating the need for additional salvage treatment, often with immunotherapy. Methods Three treatment metrics were identified: time from diagnosis to treatment initiation (TTI), time from surgery to postoperative radiotherapy (surg → PORT), and total treatment package time (TPT). Financial toxicity was calculated using hazard ratios, pembrolizumab cost, and dosing data for a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) institutional cohort (n = 338) and a standardized cohort (n = 100). Results Estimated financial toxicity for the VHA cohort was $2 047 407, $316 545, and $1 114 101 for TTI, surg → PORT, and TPT, respectively. Estimated financial toxicity for the standardized patient cohort was $454 028, $544 576, and $1 879 628 for TTI, surg → PORT, and TPT, respectively. Conclusions Failure to meet established HNSCC treatment metrics generates significant, yet avoidable, institutional financial toxicity which is particularly relevant to integrated single-payer systems such as the VHA in the modern immunotherapy era.
The SvFUL2 transcription factor is required for inflorescence determinacy and timely flowering in Setaria viridis.

Inflorescence architecture in cereal crops directly impacts yield potential through regulation of seed number and harvesting ability. Extensive architectural diversity found in inflorescences of grass species is due to spatial and temporal activity and determinacy of meristems, which control the number and arrangement of branches and flowers, and underlie plasticity. Timing of the floral transition is also intimately associated with inflorescence development and architecture, yet little is known about the intersecting pathways and how they are rewired during development. Here, we show that a single mutation in a gene encoding an AP1/FUL-like MADS-box transcription factor significantly delays flowering time and disrupts multiple levels of meristem determinacy in panicles of the C4 model panicoid grass, Setaria viridis. Previous reports of AP1/FUL-like genes in cereals have revealed extensive functional redundancy, and in panicoid grasses, no associated inflorescence phenotypes have been described. In S. viridis, perturbation of SvFul2, both through chemical mutagenesis and CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing, converted a normally determinate inflorescence habit to an indeterminate one, and also repressed determinacy in axillary branch and floral meristems. Our analysis of gene networks connected to disruption of SvFul2 identified regulatory hubs at the intersect of floral transition and inflorescence determinacy, providing insights into the optimization of cereal crop architecture.
Processing presence: how users develop spatial presence through an immersive virtual reality game

A primary affordance of virtual reality (VR) headsets is to give the user spatial presence or the illusion of being in the virtual environment. Although considerable research connects VR to spatial presence, spatial awareness, and spatial ability, little is known about how users develop spatial presence in VR learning environments. This study addresses that gap by exploring spatial presence experience construction in a VR educational game and investigating whether users’ knowledge, game experience, and VR experience impact the establishment of spatial presence. In this study, 56 high school students played an immersive 3D VR cell biology game where players search for clues within a virtual cell to diagnose the cell. Findings suggest that players’ perceptions of spatial presence are linked to how they allocate their attention during the game, their level of interest in cellular biology, and their visual-spatial acuity, but are not linked to their game experience, VR experience, or prior knowledge of the content area. These results indicate that well-scaffolded, engaging virtual environments can foster spatial presence among users, regardless of prior knowledge or experience, and gives practitioners clues about how to design VR learning environments.
Simple, accurate calculation of mechanical power in Pressure Controlled Ventilation (PCV)

Abstract Power is a promising new metric to assess energy transfer from a ventilator to a patient, as it combines the effects of multiple different parameters into a single comprehensive value. For volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), excellent equations exist for calculating power from basic ventilator parameters, but for pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), an accurate, easy-to-use equation has been elusive. Here, we present a new power equation and evaluate its accuracy compared to the three published PCV power equations. When applied to a sample of 50 patients on PCV with a non-zero rise time, we found that our equation estimated power within an average of 8.4% ± 5.9% (mean ± standard deviation) of the reference value. This new equation is accurate and simple to use, making it an attractive option to estimate power in PCV cases at the bedside.
Developing character-based leadership through guided self-reflection

Abstract The call for ethical, empathetic, and self-aware leaders has been amplified in recent years as communities and responsible businesses grow keenly aware of the positive impact such leadership can have on individual and organizational behavior (and the detrimental impact felt when such leadership is not present). Management educators are poised to answer this call by implementing character-based leadership development throughout business school curricula. In this paper, we propose guided self-reflection as an evidence-based and practical tool for character-based leadership development and present two illustrative applications of using guided self-reflection within varied management education contexts. We approach character-based leadership development as an opportunity to integrate across theoretical leadership frameworks that share a common emphasis in character strengths, and focus our illustrative applications on servant leadership, authentic leadership, and intercultural leadership. In our first illustration, we describe how we use guided self-reflection as the basis of an undergraduate leadership course and present data supporting the impact of this approach on authentic and servant leadership development. In our second illustration, we describe an application of guided self-reflection within a study abroad program, and share results of pre- and post-study abroad assessments to support the impact on intercultural leadership development.
Systematic Modification of Electron Transfer Kinetics in a Biological Protein: Replacement of the Primary Ubiquinone of Photochemical Reaction Centers with Other Quinones

The conversion of light energy to electrochemical energy in bacterial photosynthesis (we shall confine our discussion to Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides) takes place within the photochemical reaction center (RC). Light excitation causes a charge separation which eventually is delocalized across the RC and the biological membrane, and generates an oxidation-reduction (redox) potential difference within the RC. These processes involve a series of electron transfer steps between two molecules of bacteriochlorophyll in the form of a dimer (BChl)2, bacteriopheophytin (BPh), and ubiquinone-10 (Q). Monomeric BChl and possibly another BPh may also be involved, but this remains to be proven. In vivo, cytochrome Co, an iron porphyrin containing protein, is associated with the reaction center, and the RC: cytochrome c 2 combination is associated with another membrane protein, the ubiquinone-cytochrome b-c 2 oxidoreductase. Reference 1 provides an extensive background.
A CMOS T/R switch using a MOSFET diode pair for linearity improvement

This paper describes a novel CMOS T/R switch topology scheme. The proposed scheme facilitates the diode connected transistor pair in realizing a high power handling off-transistor and suppressing the channel forming signal to elevate IIP3 and input P1dB performance. The prototype without additional LC components and negative control voltage allows for the miniaturized integration of the T/R switch in a CMOS System on chip circuit. Finally, design examples fabricated with 0.18µm CMOS technology demonstrate a 22.4dBm Pin1dB and 33dBm IIP3 performance to prove the effectiveness of the proposed switch configuration.
Building Blocks for Reliable Complex Nonlinear Numerical Simulations

This chapter describes some of the building blocks to ensure a higher level of confidence in the predictability and reliability (PAR) of numerical simulation of multiscale complex nonlinear problems. The focus is on relating PAR of numerical simulations with complex nonlinear phenomena of numerics. To isolate sources of numerical uncertainties, the possible discrepancy between the chosen partial differential equation (PDE) model and the real physics and/or experimental data is set aside. The discussion is restricted to how well numerical schemes can mimic the solution behavior of the underlying PDE model for finite time steps and grid spacings. The situation is complicated by the fact that the available theory for the understanding of nonlinear behavior of numerics is not at a stage to fully analyze the nonlinear Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. The discussion is based on the knowledge gained for nonlinear model problems with known analytical solutions to identify and explain the possible sources and remedies of numerical uncertainties in practical computations. Examples relevant to turbulent flow computations are included.
Computer Proofs in Gödel’s Class Theory with Equational Definitions for Composite and Cross

Some basic theorems about composition and other key constructs of set theory were proved using McCune’s computer program OTTER, building on Quaife’s modification of Godel’s class theory. Our proofs use equational definitions in terms of Godel’s flip and rotate functors. A new way to prove the composition of homomorphisms theorem is also presented.
On the non-vanishing of cubic twists of automorphic $L$-series

Let f be a normalised new form of weight 2 for ro(N) over Q and F, its base change lift to Q(v'/=). A sufficient condition is given for the nonvanishing at the center of the critical strip of infinitely many cubic twists of the L-function of F. There is an algorithm to check the condition for any given form. The new form of level 11 is used to illustrate our method. 0. INTRODUCTION There has been a tremendous amount of recent research on the nonvanishing of L-functions. On GL(2), the first results are due to Shimura [15], who proved that a given L-function can be twisted by a character of finite order so that the twisted L-function does not vanish at a certain point. Shimura's nonvanishing results were generalized by Rohrlich [14]. The study of the nonvanishing of quadratic twists rather than arbitrary finite order twists was started by Goldfeld, Hoffstein and Patterson [7] for the CM case, and in greater generality by Waldspurger [16]. This was later complemented by the work of Bump, Friedberg and Hoffstein [2], [3], [5] using metaplectic Eisenstein series and the Rankin-Selberg method. Alternately, analytic number theoretic methods have been used by Murty and Murty [12] and by Iwaniec [10] to obtain nonvanishing results. The first results on the non-vanishing of cubic twists were obtained by Lieman [11]. He applied the theory of automorphic forms on the cubic cover of GL(3) to the L-series of the CM elliptic curve x3+y3 = 1. In this way he obtained a non-vanishing result for cubic twists of the L-series of the automorphic form corresponding to the curve. However, because the curve has complex multiplication, the L-series in this instance is a GL(1) Hecke L-series with grossencharacter. It is this particular fact which made the GL(3) theory applicable. In this paper we will give the first non-vanishing results for cubic twists of autmorphic L-series on GL(2) that are not lifts from GL(1). In particular, we will show that if f is the new form of weight 2 and level 11, then infinitely many cubic twists of the L-series of f are non-zero at the center of the critical strip. It then follows as an immediate corollary that there are infinitely many cubic extensions K of Q(VZ/=W) such that the analytic rank of E = Xo(11) over K is zero. Our approach gives a method of obtaining a similar result for any given GL(2) automorphic form. However, for reasons that will be described below, there is one step in the computation which can be verified for any given form, but which cannot yet be done in general. Received by the editors September 27, 1996 and, in revised form, February 14, 1997. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 11F66; Secondary 11F70, 11M41, 11N75. (D1999 American Mathematical Society 1075 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.145 on Sat, 02 Jul 2016 05:14:40 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Shared vision between fathers and daughters in family businesses: the determining factor that transforms daughters into successors.

Family businesses are critical to the United States economy, employing 63% of the workforce and generating 57% of GDP (University of Vermont, 2014). Family business continuity, however, remains elusive as approximately 70% of family businesses do not survive the second generation (Poza, 2013). In order to augment our understanding of how next generation leaders are chosen in family businesses, we examine daughter succession. Using a sample of pairs of family business fathers and daughters and drawing on an earlier study of the dearth of successor daughters in family businesses (Overbeke, Bilimoria, & Perelli, 2013), we reveal that shared vision between fathers and daughters is central to daughter succession. Self-efficacy and gender norms influence shared vision and when fathers and daughters share a vision for the future of the company, daughters are likely to be transformed into successors.
DEFINED MEDIUM FOR MYCOPLASMA LAIDLAW II

Tourtellotte, Mark E. (University of Connecticut, Storrs), Harold J. Morowitz, and Phil Kasimer. Defined medium for Mycoplasma laidlawii. J. Bacteriol. 88:11-15. 1964.-A defined medium for the pleuropneumonia-like organism Mycoplasma laidlawii B is described in which absolute requirements for coenzyme A and longchain fatty acids were demonstrated. This organism did not require cholesterol or macromolecules of high molecular weight, but did show a growth requirement for peptides. Optimal growth in the basal medium was obtained in the presence of two purified peptides from crystalline ribonuclease, one of which has the amino acid sequence threonine - threonine - glutamine - alanine - asparagine-lysine, and the other lysine-glutamic acid-threonine-alanine-alanine-alanine-lysine. Continuous, but suboptimal, growth was obtained with the single ribonuclease peptide: lysine-glutamic acid-threonine-alanine-alanine-alanine-lysine.
UNN: a neural network for uncertain data classification

This paper proposes a new neural network method for classifying uncertain data (UNN). Uncertainty is widely spread in real-world data. Numerous factors lead to data uncertainty including data acquisition device error, approximate measurement, sampling fault, transmission latency, data integration error and so on. The performance and quality of data mining results are largely dependent on whether data uncertainty are properly modeled and processed. In this paper, we focus on one commonly encountered type of data uncertainty - the exact data value is unavailable and we only know the probability distribution of the data. An intuitive method of handling this type of uncertainty is to represent the uncertain range by its expectation value, and then process it as certain data. This method, although simple and straightforward, may cause valuable information loss. In this paper, we extend the conventional neural networks classifier so that it can take not only certain data but also uncertain probability distribution as the input. We start with designing uncertain perceptron in linear classification, and analyze how neurons use the new activation function to process data distribution as inputs. We then illustrate how perceptron generates classification principles upon the knowledge learned from uncertain training data. We also construct a multilayer neural network as a general classifier, and propose an optimization technique to accelerate the training process. Experiment shows that UNN performs well even for highly uncertain data and it significantly outperformed the naive neural network algorithm. Furthermore, the optimization approach we proposed can greatly improve the training efficiency.
Crosstalk in Three-Conductor Lines

This chapter contains sections titled: The Multiconductor Transmission-Line Equations The MTL Per-Unit-Length Parameters of Inductance and Capacitance
The toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene and pyrene in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, in the dark and in the presence of ultraviolet light

Abstract The phototoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene constitutes a much greater risk to immature forms of the mosquito Aedes aegypti than its mutagenicity or carcinogenicity. First instar larvae, fourth instar larvae, and pupae of the mosquito Aedes aegypti were treated with benzo[a]pyrene at concentrations up to 6.7 ppm, either in the dark or in the presence of long wavelength ultraviolet light (for only 30 min). The irradiations had a profound effect on the fate of first instar larvae. Their LC50 value for 24 h survival was about 0.002 ppm. When the adult emergence was determined, the LC50 value was about 0.0015 ppm. The development of fourth instar larvae was also modified by the photochemical treatments, with an LC50 value for adult emergence of 0.12 ppm. The treatment of pupae had no effect on adult emergence. The LC50 values for the highly carcinogenic BAP are very similar to those determined for pyrene, its non-carcinogenic parent molecule. This provides one additional proof that the carcinogenicity and the phototoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not necessarily related.
The enzymatic conversion of porphobilinogen to uroporphyrinogen catalyzed by extracts of hematopoietic mouse spleen.

Abstract Uroporphyrinogen I synthetase has been isolated and partially purified from homogenates of spleens from phenylhydrazine-treated mice. One mole of uroporphyrinogen is formed for each 4 moles of porphobilinogen consumed. In the presence of uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase from wheat germ, the product formed by the synthetase is uroporphyrinogen III. A second fraction from the mouse spleen, which lacks synthetase activity, can replace the wheat germ enzyme in the formation of uroporphyrinogen III by spleen or spinach synthetase. This indicates the presence of uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase in a mammalian tissue.
Structure of the Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase α Subunit Amino-Terminal Domain

The 2.5 angstrom resolution x-ray crystal structure of the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (RNAP) α subunit amino-terminal domain (αNTD), which is necessary and sufficient to dimerize and assemble the other RNAP subunits into a transcriptionally active enzyme and contains all of the sequence elements conserved among eukaryotic α homologs, has been determined. The αNTD monomer comprises two distinct, flexibly linked domains, only one of which participates in the dimer interface. In the αNTD dimer, a pair of helices from one monomer interact with the cognate helices of the other to form an extensive hydrophobic core. All of the determinants for interactions with the other RNAP subunits lie on one face of the αNTD dimer. Sequence alignments, combined with secondary-structure predictions, support proposals that a heterodimer of the eukaryotic RNAP subunits related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rpb3 and Rpb11 plays the role of the αNTD dimer in prokaryotic RNAP.