cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of outreach case management in re-enrolling discharged methadone patients

Abstract Background Heroin dependence is a chronic relapsing disease often requiring multiple treatment experiences. Despite this knowledge, few methadone programs follow-up with discharged patients who frequently continue to engage in risky behaviors. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of outreach case management for post-discharged methadone patients. Methods At 90 days post-discharge 128 active out of treatment heroin users were randomly assigned to receive either a passive referral (PR) for drug treatment (n = 52) or were provided with 6 weeks of outreach case management (OCM), an intervention designed to help motivate and coach patients to re-enter treatment (n = 76). Results At 6 months post-baseline 29% of the OCM participants had successfully re-enrolled in drug treatment compared to 8% of the PR participants (χ2 = 7.6, d.f. = 1, p = 0.006). A logistic regression analysis showed that OCM participants were nearly six times more likely than PR participants to re-engage in MMT (OR = 5.8, CI = 1.6–20.8, p = 0.008). Moreover, OCM subjects had fewer opiate and cocaine positive urines at the 6-month follow-up compared to PR subjects. Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of engaging former patients in treatment and actively assisting in treatment re-entry. OCM is a simple approach to reduce the number of out-of-treatment drug users, although availability of treatment funding limits enrollment opportunities.
Dissociation and reassociation of skeletal muscle ribosomes.

Abstract The dissociation of skeletal muscle ribosomes by chelation of magnesium ions with EDTA led to the formation of 30 and 53 s particles. Active ribosome monomers could not be formed from these subunits. Exposure of rat muscle ribosomes to potassium ion concentrations greater than 0.5 m caused the formation of ribosomal particles of 90 and 105 s when the procedure was carried out at 4 °C. However, at 28 °C the ribosomes dissociated to 40 and 60 s subunits and a small amount (20 to 25%) of a 75 s component. The 75 s fraction contained 18 and 28 s RNA and also retained the nascent polypeptide. Ribosomes pre-incubated with puromycin did not form a 75 s component; moreover, the yield of the 40 and 60 s subunits was increased. It is postulated that the nascent protein and perhaps messenger RNA protect the ribosome from dissociation by high concentrations of potassium. When ribosomes were dissociated with potassium chloride in the presence of an antioxidant, the subunits so formed could be recombined by removal of the excess potassium chloride, and the reassociated 80 s ribosomes catalyzed protein synthesis, but only in the presence of added template RNA. The isolated 60 s subunit formed dimers (90 s) at 4 °C. The 75 s component reverted to an 80 s particle when the potassium chloride concentration was adjusted and was active in protein synthesis in the absence of added template.
A self-adjustment procedure for measuring the visual acuity of rhesus monkeys

A visual acuity testing procedure is described which uses a self-adjustment procedure combined with shock avoidance and punishment. The S adjusts the size of the gap opening in Landolt rings by pressing levers. Correct trials decrease the size of the gap opening and are followed by a tone; incorrect trials increase the size of the gap opening and are followed by shock. The number of correct and incorrect trials needed to change the gap-opening size can be varied.
Performing the feast: visual display and suprahousehold commensalism in the puebloan southwest

Ceramic bowls from the Greater Southwest are used to show how changes in the exterior decoration of serving vessels are associated with the proxemics of ritual performances. Across the northern Southwest the first use of exterior designs and polychrome ceramics is during the Pueblo III period, which corresponds to a shift in settlement aggregation and the use of open plaza spaces. With the transition to the more enclosed plazas of the Early Pueblo IV period, smaller and less visible exterior designs were used. The trend reversed itself with the use of larger plazas at later Pueblo IV period sites, where serving bowls with greater visual impact were used. Panregional trends are bolstered by a case study from the Mogollon Rim region of Arizona to show how changes in the visual performance characteristics of bowls are associated with the spatial and social proxemics of suprahousehold feasting rituals. I use several characteristics of serving bowls including their size, slip colors, paint and slip contrasts, and the size of exterior designs. These are related to the size and diversity of performance spaces, including plazas, and to other evidence for changes in feasting practices, such as roasting features and faunal remains. I conclude that the changes seen in serving vessels are important for looking at shifts in the scale, visibility, and diversity of public gatherings within Ancestral Pueblo social and ritual trajectories.
Early phase of pancreatic polypeptide release is augmented by calcium infusion

This study evaluated the effect on an intravenous infusion of calcium chloride (4 and 8 mg/kg/hr) on both fasting and meal-stimulated pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release in an awake canine model. Intravenous calcium had no effect on fasting levels of PP. A protein-rich meal was a potent stimulus for PP release with a peak response of 1474 +/- 266 pg/ml occurring at 45 min after the meal. Intravenous calcium at a dose of 8 mg/kg/hr augmented meal-stimulated PP release from 30 to 180 min after the meal compared to control values. Significant increases in serum calcium occurred at 60 to 180 min during infusion of calcium at 8 mg/kg/hr. This study demonstrates that the early cephalic (vagal) phase of pancreatic polypeptide release appears to be sensitive to subthreshold increases in extracellular calcium, suggesting that calcium is a factor in the stimulus-secretion coupling for the endogenous release of pancreatic polypeptide.
Delivery of Growth Factors for Tissue Regeneration and Wound Healing

Growth factors are soluble secreted proteins capable of affecting a variety of cellular processes important for tissue regeneration. Consequently, the self-healing capacity of patients can be augmented by artificially enhancing one or more processes important for healing through the application of growth factors. However, their application in clinics remains limited due to lack of robust delivery systems and biomaterial carriers. Interestingly, all clinically approved therapies involving growth factors utilize some sort of a biomaterial carrier for growth factor delivery. This suggests that biomaterial delivery systems are extremely important for successful usage of growth factors in regenerative medicine. This review outlines the role of growth factors in tissue regeneration, and their application in both pre-clinical animal models of regeneration and clinical trials is discussed. Additionally, current status of biomaterial substrates and sophisticated delivery systems such as nanoparticles for delivery of exogenous growth factors and peptides in humans are reviewed. Finally, issues and possible future research directions for growth factor therapy in regenerative medicine are discussed.
Spectrum of TeV particles in warped supersymmetric grand unification

In warped supersymmetric grand unification, XY gauge particles appear near the TeV scale along with Kaluza-Klein towers of the standard model gauge fields. In spite of this exotic low-energy physics, the successful gauge coupling unification prediction of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) is preserved and proton decay is naturally suppressed. In this paper we study in detail the low-lying mass spectrum of superparticles and grand unified particles in this theory, taking supersymmetry breaking to be localized to the TeV brane. The masses of the MSSM particles, Kaluza-Klein modes, and XY states are all determined by two parameters, one that fixes the strength of the supersymmetry breaking and the other that sets the scale of the infrared brane. A particularly interesting result is that for relatively strong supersymmetry breaking, the XY gauginos and the lowest Kaluza-Klein excitations of the MSSM gauginos may both lie within reach of the CERN Large Hadron Collider, providing the possibility that the underlying unified gauge symmetry and the enhanced $N=2$ supersymmetry of the theory will both be revealed.
Infection Control Toy Policy Revision: More than Just Cleaning Advice

Abstract ISSUE: Toys are utilized throughout most inpatient and outpatient areas. Our previous policy addressed toy cleaning in the inpatient setting, but did not address issues in the outpatient setting. A more comprehensive policy was needed. PROJECT: The Infection Control Unit formed a multidisciplinary team to revise the policy, including staff from Nursing, Child Life, and Central Service. An algorithm was created that asks supervisors to determine if their area needs hand-held toys, whether alternatives such as wall-mounted toys or give-away toys could be used, and whether sufficient personnel and space was available to clean toys after each use. Once it was determined they meet the algorithm criteria for hand-held toys, the policy lists age-appropriate, safe toys the area may choose to use. Child Life experts created and attached an on-line catalog for convenient ordering of approved, easy-to-clean toys. A table listing acceptable cleaning products (including ordering information, shelf life, and mixing information) was supplied. Cleaning/disinfecting and use of toys in isolation room instructions were updated. The policy revisions were approved. Changes were communicated to supervisors and staff through newsletters and environment of care tours. RESULTS: Outpatient allied health staff welcomed the policy. Staff appreciated access to the toy catalog and cleaning product ordering information in one on-line document. The pediatric area was able to use the policy as a supporting factor to obtain approval for remodeling their lobby. Parents were encouraged to bring a child's favorite toy with them. A number of areas completely eliminated toys. There were no parental complaints about reduced toy availability in lobby areas and exam rooms. LESSONS LEARNED: Buy-in from all stakeholders prior to policy implementation improves compliance. Giving areas a tool to determine their toy needs decreases the number of hand-held toys that are in use. This decreases clutter and staff cleaning time without decreasing patient satisfaction. Standardized, easy-to-clean toys increased staff compliance with the cleaning requirements. The cleaning instructions were applicable to occupational therapy equipment and other items in addition to toys.
RATE DEPENDENCE OF INDENTATION SIZE EFFECTS IN FILLED SILICONE RUBBER

Indentation experiments at the nanometer and micrometer range reported in the literature have shown that the deformation of polymers is — similarly to metals — size-dependent. In addition its size dependence, the deformation behavior of polymers is also known to be rate-dependent. Here silicone rubber is considered. In order to characterize the relation between size and rate-dependent deformation indentation tests of silicone at indentation depths of between 30 and 300 microns and loading times of between 1 and 1000 seconds are performed. In these experiments the hardness and dissipation increased with decreasing loading time and decreasing indentation depth. These experimental results are analyzed with a recently suggested indentation model which incorporates a Frank energy-related nonlocal deformation work. It is found that the indentation model is in good agreement with the experimental data. Evaluation of the experimental data indicates that the rate effects are mostly related to the nonlocal, size-dependent deformation.
INTEGRATING MULTI-SOURCE IMAGERY DATA IN A GIS SYSTEM

More and more volumes of high quality imagery data are becoming available than ever and it brings a challenge to the industry on how to integrate data from multi-sources effectively and timely to extract information of improved accuracy for a widespread field of applications. Over the past decade, we have witnessed the advance of tightening integration of imagery data in a GIS system. Imagery data takes advantage of the geodatabase management architecture and enriches the GIS system. Empowered with intuitive user interface and advanced tools, ArcGIS provides a great platform for one-stop integration of multi-source, multi-resolution, and multi-temporal imagery data with pre-processing, managing, visualizing, analyzing and sharing functionalities. This paper will discuss some of the core imagery capabilities in ArcGIS including interactive and automatic data correction and registration, intelligent and versatile data models for data crawling, on-the-fly data processing, and data disseminating.
Semaphores outside the kernel

We present three new implementations of semaphores for V7 UNIX. None require kernel modifications. The canonical UNIX semaphore method uses link O in a spin loop. The first new method replaces the canonical spin loop with a software trap mechanism, the second provides additional enhancements in the form of a pool of semaphores and explicit quene management, and the third is a distributed protocol extending to the ability for synchronizing in network environments.
Characterization of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Hybrid System Based on a Factorial Design of Experiments Using Hardware Simulation

A full factorial experimental design and a replicated fractional factorial design were carried out using the Hybrid Performance (HyPer) project facility installed at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U.S. Department of Energy to simulate gasifer/fuel cell/turbine hybrid power systems. The HyPer facility uses hardware in the loop (HIL) technology that couples a modified recuperated gas turbine cycle with hardware driven by a solid oxide fuel cell model. A 34 full factorial design (FFD) was selected to study the effects of four factors: cold-air, hot-air, bleed-air bypass valves, and the electric load on different parameters such as cathode and turbine inlet temperatures, pressure and mass flow. The results obtained, compared with former results where the experiments were made using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), show that no strong interactions between the factors are present in the different parameters of the system. This work also presents a fractional factorial design (ffd) 34-2 in order to analyze replication of the experiments. In addition, a new envelope is described based on the results of the design of experiments (DoE), compared with OFAT experiments, and analyzed in an off-design integrated fuel cell/gas turbine framework. This paper describes the methodology, strategy, and results of these experiments that bring new knowledge concerning the operating state space for this kind of power generation system.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Concurrent Findings of Achalasia and Duodenal Duplication in a Down Syndrome Patient

The association between Down syndrome and gastrointestinal anomalies such as duodenal and esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistulas, and Hirschsprung's disease is well documented. More recently, an association between Down syndrome and achalasia was reported. In this report, we describe a 48-year-old woman with a history of Down syndrome who presented with dysphagia. Work-up of the dysphagia showed not only achalasia but also a duodenal duplication. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of Down syndrome associated with duodenal duplication. Whether this finding is simply a coincidence or whether duodenal duplication is associated with Down syndrome will need to be determined with future studies.
HPT in Academic Curricula: Survey Results.

The purpose of this research was to determine to what extent human performance technology (HPT) is being taught in academic programs that traditionally emphasized training—programs such as instructional systems, training and development, human resource development, and adult learning. A written survey was used to collect data from 82 academic programs. Results indicate that while training (and the related areas of needs assessment and evaluation) continues to dominate curricula at these institutions, non-training performance improvement strategies (and the broader performance analysis that leads to their selection) are frequently taught as well. No correlations were found between the extent of teaching HPT topics and the variables of program size, program type, location, degrees offered, or faculty membership in NSPI (now called the International Society for Performance Improvement). Future research could investigate the driving and restraining forces that determine HPT's impact on the curriculum and the effects that current curricula have on program graduates.
Neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser occlusion of rhesus placental vasculature via fetoscopy

Summary We tested the feasibility of photocoagulating placental vascular communications with a fetoscopically delivered neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser in 12 pregnant monkeys in the second trimester. The technique was successful in eight cases. One ended in spontaneous labor 2 weeks after occlusion and one stillbirth occurred at term. Six live fetuses were delivered at term, with all treated vessels demonstrating occlusion. There was minimal placental damage at the laser impact sites, and no fetal abnormalities were detected. Long-term occlusion of placental vasculature can be accomplished by fetoscopically delivered laser energy. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;160:485-9.)
Study of void closure in hot radial forging process using 3D nonlinear finite element analysis

Hot radial forging is used to reduce porosity and increase strength for large-diameter billets. The goal of this research is to study void closure behavior in the hot radial forging process. A nonlinear coupled finite element model is developed to investigate the deformation mechanism of internal void defects during the hot radial forging process. The model is formulated in a three-dimensional frame and a viscoplastic material model has been used to describe the material behavior subjected to large deformation and high temperature. A global–local technique is employed to obtain accurate solutions around the void region. The effects of void location, mandrel, die shape, and the reduction of the tube thickness on the final void reduction are systematically investigated. The predicted reductions for central longitudinal voids in hot upsetting and hot rolling processes are in good agreement with experimental findings. The simulation results provide a valuable procedure for the design of porosity reduction during the hot radial forging process.
Emphysematous cystitis presenting with subcutaneous emphysema

A case is reported of subcutaneous emphysema of the neck in association with emphysematous cystitis and uncontrolled diabetes. Problems in its management are discussed. Anatomic pathway for the spread of the gas from the bladder to the subcutaneous tissues of the neck and the back is speculated.
Problem behavior: The double symptom of adolescence

In this article we address several issues regarding problem or antisocial behavior in adolescents. First, we discuss conceptualizations of adolescent problem behavior to answer the question 'What do we think we know so far?" Then, we briefly characterize current interventions designed to reduce these behaviors, and their relative success in doing so. Next, we examine earlier attempts to prevent and ameliorate problem behavior (including juvenile delinquency), situating them in the historical context of America from the turn of the century to World War II. Here, we attempt to answer the questions "How did we get to where we are?" and "How can we learn from the past?" Following this, we try to answer the question "Where do we go from here?" and articulate some research and policy implications relevant to developmental psychopathology that arise from these considerations. We argue that problem behavior is viewed most productively in its double aspect, which John Hughlings Jackson called a "double symptom," with the positive aspect of the symptom reflecting adolescents' attempts to satisfy their developmental needs. Language: en
Seasonal dry matter, nitrogen, and dinitrogen fixation patterns of crimson and subterranean clovers

(...) Field experiments were conducted to determine the quantity and seasonal distributiuon of N 2 fixed by two annual clovers, Tibbee' crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and Mt. Barker' subterranean clover (T. subterraneum L.), having diverse annual dry matter (DM) production patterns. Plots were established on a Catalpa silty clay soil (fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Fluvaquentic Hapludoll) in each of 2 yr. Dinitogen fixation was estimated by the 15 N isotope dilution method with Marshall' annual ryegrass [Lolium multiflorum (L.) Lam.] as the non-fixing control (...)
Electrical cell counting process characterization in a microfluidic impedance cytometer.

Particle counting in microfluidic devices with coulter principle finds many applications in health and medicine. Cell enumeration using microfluidic particle counters is fast and requires small volumes of sample, and is being used for disease diagnostics in humans and animals. A complete characterization of the cell counting process is critical for accurate cell counting especially in complex systems with samples of heterogeneous population interacting with different reagents in a microfluidic device. In this paper, we have characterized the electrical cell counting process using a microfluidic impedance cytometer. Erythrocytes were lysed on-chip from whole blood and the lysing was quenched to preserve leukocytes which subsequently pass through a 15 μm × 15 μm measurement channel used to electrically count the cells. We show that cell counting over time is a non-homogeneous Poisson process and that the electrical cell counts over time show the log-normal distribution, whose skewness can be attributed to diffusion of cells in the buffer that is used to meter the blood. We further found that the heterogeneous cell population (i.e. different cell types) shows different diffusion characteristics based on the cell size. Lymphocytes spatially diffuse more as compared to granulocytes and monocytes. The time difference between the cell occurrences follows an exponential distribution and when plotted over time verifies the cell diffusion characteristics. We also characterized the probability of occurrence of more than one cell at the counter within specified time intervals using Poisson counting statistics. For high cell concentration samples, we also derived the required sample dilution based on our particle counting characterization. Buffer characterization by considering the size based particle diffusion and estimating the required dilution are critical parameters for accurate counting results.
Religious vision in modern poetry: Uku Masing compared with Hopkins and Eliot

(1974). Religious vision in modern poetry: Uku Masing compared with Hopkins and Eliot. Journal of Baltic Studies: Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 281-294.
Viral safety of a pasteurized, monoclonal antibody-purified factor VIII concentrate in previously untreated haemophilia A patients.

The efficacy and viral safety of a pasteurized, immunoaffinity-purified procoagulant factor VIII protein (FVIII:C; Monoclate-P) was studied in two multicentre, prospective, open-label trials in 30 previously untreated patients, 18 with severe ( 24 months (maximum 34 months), showed that none of 24 assessable patients acquired illnesses consistent with monitored transfusion-transmissible diseases. No patients acquired hepatitis B surface antigen, or antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus. Likewise, no patients acquired treatment-related hepatitis A antibodies or sustained elevations of alanine aminotransferase levels. The safety profile for Monoclate-P is brought about by a multi-step safety system that incorporates viral inactivation (through a combination of immunoaffinity chromatography and pasteurization) plus donor screening, plasma testing, and quality assurance. The inhibitor development rate (13% low titre, 10% high titre) was similar to that reported in the literature for other FVIII concentrates (24% to 52%). The most frequently reported adverse events were related to typical infant and childhood diseases. Monoclate-P was effective in all patients treated according to protocol, except in two, who developed inhibitors.
The Color and Intensity of The Chemiluminescence of Solid Sodium

The fact that solid sodium reacts with the moisture in the air to produce a faint glow has been known for years. The color of the light was said to be greenish and its intensity extremely low, although no careful measurements had been made. In this article a method is described for determining its intensity by means of a photoelectric cell. The determination of the spectrum of the light as obtained both by filters and spectrographically is also described. The intensity was found to vary from 3.5 to 10.5 × 10−7 lumens per square inch of sodium surface while the spectrum was found to consist of a band between 5000A and 5300A with a maximum at about 5100A.
High serum phosphorus and FGF 23 levels are associated with progression of coronary calcifications

Background Coronary calcifications (CC) portend increased mortality in adults receiving hemodialysis (HD), however the risk factors associated with CC progression are not well known in pediatric patients. Our previous cross-sectional studies demonstrated high CC prevalence (31 %) in pediatric patients, which were significantly associated with high serum phosphorus (P), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF) levels, dialysis vintage, and low cholesterol. The current study was undertaken to determine and elucidate CC progression in pediatric HD patients.
Pediatric Intensive Care: The Parents’ Experience

A child's emergent admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) can strike fear and feelings of helplessness into the hearts of parents who only hours earlier had been in control of their lives. Acute critical illness seriously threatens the parents' ability to fulfill their familiar and important roles of protecting and providing for their child. The PICU setting can rapidly undermine the sense of competence, control, and stability of even the most dedicated parents. Parental stress is primarily caused by their displacement from familiar roles, the child's appearance and behavior, and difficulties in communicating with staff members. In planning interventions, these issues should be considered as well as the specific needs that parents have emphasized: accurate information, ready access to their children, and meaningful participation in their children's care. Advanced practice nurses are in an excellent position to improve delivery of psychosocial services to parents of critically ill children through direct care, acting as models of care practices and mentoring staff, staff education, policy development, and clinical research.
Major glycoprotein antigens that induce antibodies in AIDS patients are encoded by HTLV-III

Antibodies from the serum of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with the AIDS-related complex and from the serum of seropositive healthy homosexuals, recognize two major glycoproteins in cells infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III). These glycoproteins, gp160 and gp120, are encoded by the 2.5-kilobase open reading frame located in the 3' end of the HTLV-III genome, as determined by amino terminus sequence analysis of the radiolabeled forms of these proteins. It is hypothesized that gp160 and gp120 represent the major species of virus-encoded envelope gene products for HTLV-III.
Influence of hedonic and utilitarian motivations on retailer loyalty and purchase intention: a facebook perspective

Abstract Social networks are an innovative tool that people use to communicate with family, friends and, increasingly, businesses. To optimize social networks as a marketing strategy, apparel retailers must understand consumers׳ motivations to interact with retailers via social media. We argue consumers׳ motivations for shopping on Retail Facebook Pages (RFP) compared to traditional retail formats may differ. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of utilitarian and hedonic motivations (i.e., time savings, information access, bargain perception, and experiential shopping) on purchase intention and loyalty among consumers that use RFP. Using SEM, we show that experiential shopping influences loyalty, but not purchase intention, that bargain perception influences neither purchase intention nor loyalty, that information access influences time savings and loyalty, and that loyalty impacts purchase intention.
Asian Values, Education and Development

(1996). Asian Values, Education and Development. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education: Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 287-303.
Creating machine readable men: legitimizing the ' Aadhaar ' mega e-infrastructure project in India

Mega infrastructure projects require considerable financial and human resources. Their costs are hard to justify, especially in low-income countries, and their sustenance depends to a large extent on their success in gaining political and public legitimacy. This paper examines one such project in India -- 'Aadhaar' -- developed to provide biometric-based identification for the 1.2 billion residents of India. Since its initiation in 2010, the project has issued more than 320 million identification numbers. Aadhaar is India's first state-sponsored e-infrastructure mega project and is unique for its survival in the face of severe opposition. We argue that the project survived because its proponents were able to legitimize it by showcasing its promise of poverty reduction and financial inclusion, and by making it a metaphor for progress and development. We compare the project with two mega projects undertaken earlier in India -- the railroad network and a dam project -- and find that Aadhaar's digital infrastructure made the use of symbolism harder, thereby requiring different strategies to gain legitimacy.
An empirical test of the problem solving model of depression and its application to the prediction of anxiety and anger

Abstract Building on research which has found positive but small correlations between stressful life events and negative psychological outcomes as well as studies which have demonstrated support for the problem solving model of depression, this study replicated the Problem Solving Model of Depression using instruments not previously used in this area. Additionally, this study tested the application and extension of the problem solving model to other emotions by assessing the efficacy of three variables, Negative Life Events, Current Problem, and Problem Solving as predictors of Depression, Anxiety, and Anger. To test this model, five assessment instruments were administered to 110 male and 178 female graduate students. Support was found for the application of this model to the prediction of Depression. While Current Problem and Problem Solving were related to Anxiety, Negative Life Events were not. In predicting Anger, some limited support was found for this model with females but no support was found wit...
Two new implicit algorithms of pseudodynamic test methods

Abstract Either measured displacements or calculated displacements are required in the available implicit algorithms. Two new formulations of the implicit algorithms will be presented herein. Neither measured displacements nor calculated displacements are used in the new algorithms. Hence, propagation errors can be significantly reduced in performing pseudodynamic tests. A series of simulations have been performed to study the error propagation characteristics of the algorithms. For the sake of comparisons, the error propagation characteristics of the implicit algorithm originally proposed by Thewalt and Mahin and that suggested by Shing and Manivanna are also considered in this study.
Church and state at the Mexican constitutional convention, 1856-1857.

The liberals at the Mexican constitutional convention of 1856–1857 were fairly representative of any group trying to establish the authority of the state over the clerical groups. Moreover their political thought shows the stress on material affairs rather than that of the spiritual realm. The quarrel between state and church in Mexico of course was not new. It had its antecedents in the colonial period when the Spanish crown had been able, in general, to control the affairs of the church. Once Mexico obtained her independence, however, the question of state-church relationship arose. The early fight culminated in 1833–1834 when Gomez Farias put through his Reform Laws which deprived the church of control of education, secularized missions, abolished some of the special privileges of the clerical groups and relieved the state of responsibility for enforcing religious vows. These measures of course were never carried out because in 1834 Gomez Farias was ousted from office by Santa Anna.
Heart failure is a dominant deficiency of coenzyme Q10 and challenges for future clinical research on CoQ10.

As a Texan, may I welcome y'all to this Seventh Symposium on Coenzyme Q~0. So y'all are welcome. I have been advised to include background in my opening presentation for attendees who are not familiar with this coenzyme, and who may then acquire a better understanding of the lectures in this Symposium. I have accepted the advice, but in doing so, opening "remarks" then becomes an opening "lecture". I am including perspectives on challenges for future clinical research on CoQ10. I am concluding with perspectives on the conflict between CoQ~o and the cardiovascular drugs to treat heart failure. In 1957, 35 years ago, Dr. Frederick Crane, one of our Speakers, and three associates discovered by isolation an orange-colored molecule from the mitochondria of beef heart. In the same year Morton et al. at Liverpool obtained impure crystalline fractions and oily yellow fractions from animal organs and yeast which by the published data on melting points and infrared spectra were the ethoxy homologs or artifacts. One year later, identical molecules at Wisconsin and Liverpool were apparent. Professor Morton introduced the name ubiquinone. I am presently concerned with whether CoQ~o in the bodies of alcoholics is slowly but positively destroyed by the months and years of oral ethanolic fluids. Per Langsjoen has already observed the cardiomyopathy of alcoholics to respond to CoQ1 o. We are testing blood from alcoholics for the possible presence of the ethoxy homologs of CoQ1 o.
Rotational relaxation of spherical-top molecules by atoms

Abstract A theoretical study of rotational relaxation of spherical-top molecules in an inert gas is presented. Under the assumption that the molecules and atoms collide as rough spheres, two previous theoretical methods obtained apparently conflicting results. These two methods are shown to be in agreement, the discrepancy being related to the definition of a fundamental relaxation time. When applied to the recent ultrasonic-absorption experiments, the relevant relaxation time is equal to that first reported by Widom. Throughout, the modified rough-sphere collision theory developed by Offerhaus is used. If ℵα is a reduced moment of inertia, defined by ℵ α = I/μσ 2 αβ , where I is the moment of inertia of the rotating molecule, μ is the reduced mass of the atom-molecule pair, and σαβ is the sum of the atomic and molecular radii, then Nrot, the number of collisions suffered by each molecule in a time equal to the relaxation time, is N rot = 3 4 (1 + ℵ α ) 2 /ℵ α (1 − cos φ) . Here φ is a parameter related to the rotation of a particular relative velocity vector, and ranges from zero (smooth spheres) to л (rough spheres). A correction to this result related to the attractive potential between atoms and molecules is obtained by multiplying Nrot by the factor exp (−e/kBT), in which e is the depth of the attractive potential well, kB is Boltsmann's constant and T is the temperature. Values for Nrot are tabulated for a variety of spherical-top molecule-inert gas systems.
SALICYLATE INHIBITS CITRULLINE SYNTHESIS IN MITOCHONDRIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR REY'S SYNDROME

In Reye's Syndrome (RS) there is a general decrease in the specific activities of mitochondrial enzymes, including two of the urea cycle, carbamyl phosphate synthetass and ornithine carbamyl-transferase. These two enzymes catalyze the synthesis of citrul-line (CIT) from ornithine, NH3, and CO2; the functional impairment of this reaction sequence probably contributes to hyperammonemia in RS. Salicylate (SA) has been implicated as a synergistic factor in the pathogenesis of RS. In this study we investigated whether SA inhibits CIT synthesis in isolated rat liver mitochondria. CIT synthesis was assayed at 37°C by measuring 14CO2 fixation in the presence of ornithine and NH3 (ABB 178:19,1977). SA inhibited CIT formation (μmol/hr/mg mito protein) as follows: Gentisic acid, salicyluric acid and acetaminophen had no effect at 5 mM. CIT synthesis is dependent on matrix ATP: a mechanism of inhibition was suggested by further experiments showing that SA uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and decreases the rate of ATP synthesis. Matrix ATP/ADP ratios were decreased by SA as follows: 1.15±.04 (O SA); 0.90±.21 (0.25 mM SA); 0.63±.09 (0.5 mM SA); 0.11±.04 (1 mM SA). Conclusion: SA is a potent inhibitor of CIT synthesis at physiological concentrations, probably as a result of its uncoupling action which lowers matrix ATP. The implication for RS is that SA might inhibit urea cycle function beyond the already compromised level. (NIH 14936)
Lack of Correlation Between Papillomaviral DNA in Surgical Margins and Recurrence of Equine Sarcoids

Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types 1 (BPV-1) and 2 (BPV-2) are causally associated with the development of equine sarcoid tumors. Recurrence rates after surgical excision of sarcoids are estimated to be 30%–40%. We hypothesized that the presence of BPV DNA in histologically tumor-free surgical margins of sarcoids is associated with risk of recurrence, and increased quantity of BPV DNA is associated with increased risk of recurrence. Formalin-fixed sarcoids classified as “completely excised” histologically were obtained from two institutions. A total of 25 tumors were included, eight of which recurred within 1 year of excision. Qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for detection of BPV-1 and BPV-2 were performed on neoplastic tissue and tumor-free surgical margins in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens following DNA extraction. Bovine papillomavirus-1 was found in all tumor samples and in histologically “clean” margins of 21 samples, whereas BPV-2 was found in only two tumor samples. Although quantitative PCR was more sensitive than qualitative PCR in detecting BPV DNA in surgical margins, there was no significant difference in the presence of BPV-1 or BPV-2 DNA in margins of tumors that recurred versus those that did not recur for either test. Although this study is limited by sample size, our results suggest that PCR analysis of surgical margins for BPV DNA is not a reliable method to predict equine sarcoid recurrence after resection.
Vision-based monitoring of intersections

The goal of tills project Is to develop a passive vision-based sensing system. The system will be capable of monitoring an intersection by observing the vehicle and pedestrian flow, and predicting situations that might give rise to accidents. A single camera looking at all intersection from an arbitrary position is used. However, for extended applications, multiple cameras will be needed. Some of the key elements are camera calibration, motion tracking, vehicle classification, and situations giving rise to collisions. In this paper, we focus on motion tracking. Motion segmentation is performed using an adaptive background model that models each pixel as a mixture of Gaussians. The method used is similar to the method of Stauffer et at. for motion segmentation. Tracking of objects is performed by computing the overlap between oriented bounding boxes. The oriented boxes are computed by vector quantization of the blobs in the scene. The principal angles computed during vector quantization along with other cues of the object are used for classification of detected entities into vehicles and pedestrians.
A sequence-based generalization of mean-field annealing using the Forward/Backward algorithm: Application to image segmentation

Mean-field annealing (MFA) is widely used for optimization tasks involving the determination of a set of discrete-valued assignment variables. One way of deriving MFA is via maximum entropy (ME), where one seeks the joint distribution over the (random) assignments subject to an average level of cost. MFA is obtained by assuming the individual assignments are independent. Here we propose an MFA extension for problems defined on the pixel sites of an image. Rather than introducing variables for individual sites, we represent label choices for an entire image row (or column). We then make the less restrictive assumption of independent row (rather than pixel) labelings. While it is not possible to explicitly evaluate the row labeling distribution, we can, via a Forward/Backward algorithm, explicitly evaluate sums over this distribution, to obtain a posteriori probabilities at individual sites. It turns out that the site probabilities, in turn, determine (updated) row labeling probabilities. Thus, the Forward/Backward algorithm forms the basis of an iteration, applied to the rows(columns) of the image, that yields optimized a posteriori site probabilities. This iterative method descends in the ME Lagrangian/free energy. Our method was applied to segmentation of synthetic, noise-corrupted Markov random field images. It achieved substantial reduction in misclassification rates, compared with both ICM and standard MFA.
N-Linked Glycosylation and Sequence Changes in a Critical Negative Control Region of the ASCT1 and ASCT2 Neutral Amino Acid Transporters Determine Their Retroviral Receptor Functions

A widely dispersed interference group of retroviruses that includes the feline endogenous virus (RD114), baboon endogenous virus (BaEV), human endogenous virus type W (HERV-W), and type D primate retroviruses uses the human Na + -dependent neutral amino acid transporter type 2 (hASCT2; gene name, SLC1A5) as a common cell surface receptor. Although hamster cells are fully resistant to these viruses and murine cells are susceptible only to BaEV and HERV-W pseudotype viruses, these rodent cells both become highly susceptible to all of the viruses after treatment with tunicamycin, an inhibitor of protein N-linked glycosylation. A partial explanation for these results was recently provided by findings that the orthologous murine transporter mASCT2 is inactive as a viral receptor, that a related (ca. 55% identity) murine paralog (mASCT1; gene name, SLC1A4) mediates infections specifically of BaEV and HERV-W, and that N-deglycosylation of mASCT1 activates it as a receptor for all viruses of this interference group. Because the only two N-linked oligosaccharides in mASCT1 occur in the carboxyl-terminal region of extracellular loop 2 (ECL2), it was inferred that this region contributes in an inhibitory manner to infections by RD114 and type D primate viruses. To directly and more thoroughly investigate the receptor active sites, we constructed and analyzed a series of hASCT2/mASCT2 chimeras and site-directed mutants. Our results suggest that a hypervariable sequence of 21 amino acids in the carboxyl-terminal portion of ECL2 plays a critical role in determining the receptor properties of ASCT2 proteins for all viruses in this interference group. In addition, we analyzed the tunicamycin-dependent viral susceptibility of hamster cells. In contrast to mASCT1, which contains two N-linked oligosaccharides that partially restrict viral infections, hamster ASCT1 contains an additional N-linked oligosaccharide clustered close to the others in the carboxyl-terminal region of ECL2. Removal of this N-linked oligosaccharide by mutagenesis enabled hamster ASCT1 to function as a receptor for all viruses of this interference group. These results strongly suggest that combinations of amino acid sequence changes and N-linked oligosaccharides in a critical carboxyl-terminal region of ECL2 control retroviral utilization of both the ASCT1 and ASCT2 receptors.
Comparison of surface and near-surface geochemical methods for detection of gas microseepage from carbon dioxide sequestration

Abstract A summary of geochemical techniques for purposes of determination of a baseline condition and subsequent monitoring of potential gas microseepage from CO2-EOR or geologic sequestration is presented. The methods include; above ground open-atmosphere techniques, measurements at the land surface–atmosphere interface, and shallow subsurface sampling and measurements. The advantages and disadvantages are presented based on previously published measurements utilizing these techniques. The monitoring for seepage from a CO2-EOR or geologic sequestration project might logically focus on measurements of CO2. Carbon dioxide measurements, particularly in the atmosphere will suffer some quantifiable disadvantages; relatively high atmospheric concentration for a tracer, high environmental variance, multiple natural sources, and solubility/reactivity with water. These factors combine to suggest that CO2 may not effectively serve as an early warning tracer or surface indicator of seepage. Other methods and tracers that are discussed focus on gas exchange measured at the surface and shallow soil gas measurements utilizing a variety of tracers. These parameters include; CO2, CH4 and light hydrocarbons, stable carbon isotopic measurements of carbon-containing gases, carbon-14 content of CO2, inert gases, and artificial tracers entrained in the injected CO2. Use of secondary carbonates in the soil or upper portion of the sedimentary column and their readily measured stable isotopic ratios, and composition of shallow groundwater are included. These materials can be useful in the baseline characterization and provide evidence for fossil gas leakage from depth.
A self-stabilizing algorithm for two disjoint minimal dominating sets in an arbitrary graph

In this paper, we present a self-stabilizing algorithm that concurrently finds two disjoint minimal dominating sets in an arbitrary network graph without any isolated node. The worst case convergence time of the algorithm from any arbitrary initial state is O(n4) where n is the number of nodes in the network.
The incorporation of [14C]palmitic acid into the lipids of mouse brain in vivo.

— The half-life of free [14C]palmitic acid injected intracerebrally into C57BL/10J mice was less than 5 min. The rapid disappearance of radioactivity as palmitic acid was accompanied by increases in the radioactivity of the phosphatidic acids and the diacyl-glycerols. The peak specific radioactivity of the diacylglycerols occurred at about 6-8 min after injection. The triacylglycerols, phosphatidyl ethanolamines and phosphatidyl cholines exhibited increasing amounts of radioactivity during the first 40 min. At 160 min after injection, the distribution of radioactivity was similar to the pattern observed at 12 h. The biosynthetic pathway through the phosphatidic acids and the diacylglycerols to triacylglycerols, phosphatidyl ethanolamines and phosphatidyl cholines is apparently the major pathway in vivo for the esterification of free fatty acids in the brain.