cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Lead Time Uncertainty on Safety Stocks

The pressure to reduce inventory investments in supply chains has increased as competition expands and product variety grows. Managers are looking for areas they can improve to reduce inventories without hurting the level of service provided. Two areas that managers focus on are the reduction of the replenishment lead time from suppliers and the variability of this lead time. The normal approximation of lead time demand distribution indicates that both actions reduce inventories for cycle service levels above 50%. The normal approximation also indicates that reducing lead time variability tends to have a greater impact than reducing lead times, especially when lead time variability is large. We build on the work of Eppen and Martin (1988) to show that the conclusions from the normal approximation are flawed, especially in the range of service levels where most companies operate. We show the existence of a service-level threshold greater than 50% below which reorder points increase with a decrease in lead time variability. Thus, for a firm operating just below this threshold, reducing lead times decreases reorder points, whereas reducing lead time variability increases reorder points. For firms operating at these service levels, decreasing lead time is the right lever if they want to cut inventories, not reducing lead time variability.
A Pilot Trial of Supporting teens’ Academic Needs Daily (STAND): A Parent-Adolescent Collaborative Intervention for ADHD

Behavior therapy is one of two evidence-based treatments for ADHD—the other being stimulant medication. However, there are only a handful of studies of behavioral treatment for ADHD in adolescents (Smith et al. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 3:243–267, 2000). Supporting Teens’ Academic Needs Daily (STAND) is a parent-adolescent collaborative behavioral intervention for adolescents with ADHD that can be delivered in clinic, school, and community settings. This pilot study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of STAND. Thirty-six male and female middle school students with ADHD and diverse ethnic backgrounds were randomly assigned to STAND or a Treatment as Usual (TAU) control group. Participants were evaluated at baseline, mid-treatment, and post-treatment assessments. Results suggest that STAND can be implemented by even beginner therapists with high treatment fidelity and is accessible to and popular with families. Relative to the TAU group, participants who received STAND showed greater improvements in parent-rated and observed academic and symptom indices. Treatment effects were not present for teacher ratings. Although the STAND group made significant gains in GPA (compared to TAU), these gains were small in size (d = .25). The future of STAND as an academic intervention for adolescents with ADHD is discussed, as well as general implications for behavioral treatment delivery to ADHD adolescents.
Composition of scientific teams and publication productivity at a national science lab

The production of scientific knowledge has evolved from a process of inquiry largely based on the activities of individual scientists to one grounded in the collaborative efforts of specialized research teams. This shift brings to light a new question: how the composition of scientific teams affects their production of knowledge. This study employs data from 1,415 experiments conducted at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) between 2005 and 2008 to identify and select a sample of 89 teams and examine whether team diversity and network characteristics affect productivity. The study examines how the diversity of science teams along several variables affects overall team productivity. Results indicate several diversity measures associated with network position and team productivity. Teams with mixed institutional associations were more central to the overall network compared with teams that primarily comprised NHMFL's own scientists. Team cohesion was positively related to productivity. The study indicates that high productivity in teams is associated with high disciplinary diversity and low seniority diversity of team membership. Finally, an increase in the share of senior members negatively affects productivity, and teams with members in central structural positions perform better than other teams. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Econometric Analysis of Patient Flows in the Cardiac ICU

This paper explores the rationing of bed capacity in a cardiac intensive care unit (ICU). We find that the length of stay for patients admitted to the ICU is influenced by the occupancy level of the ICU. In particular, a patient is likely to be discharged early when the occupancy in the ICU is high. This in turn leads to an increased likelihood of the patient having to be readmitted to the ICU at a later time. Such "bounce-backs" have implications for the overall ICU effective capacity – an early discharge immediately frees up capacity, but at the risk of a (potentially much higher) capacity requirement when the patient needs to be readmitted. We analyze these capacity implications, shedding light on the question if an ICU should apply an aggressive discharge strategy or if it should follow the old quality slogan and "do it right the first time." By comparing the total capacity usage for patients who were discharged early versus those who were not, we show that an aggressive discharge policy applied to patients with lower clinical severity levels frees up capacity in the ICU. However, we find that an increased number of readmissions of patients with high clinical severity levels occur when the ICU is capacity constrained, thereby effectively reducing peak bed capacity.
Standardization and Relative Purification Technique with Plant Virus Preparations.

The usual procedure in the preparation of an infective juice for inoculation or other experimental purposes, in the case of a virus like that of typical tobacco mosaic, consists first in thoroughly crushing or grinding the fresh tissue and then separating the coarser material by filtering off the clearer juice through cotton or cloth. Pressure also may be applied to the crude pulp. The crude juice thus prepared will contain the virus in what appears to be the original concentration. Often this procedure may be improved upon by a simple freezing and pressure technique. With the latter the softer tissues (young stems and leaves) are frozen for a few hours at—20°C. or below, for a period of 4 hours or less, then pressure of 10,000 lbs. or more per square inch is applied. With this treatment a clearer juice is obtainable.By the method of grinding commonly employed, the crude juice contains varying quantities of starch, proteins and other solid and highly viscous reserve products; likewise chlorophyll, plastid...
Longitudinal social-interpersonal functioning among higher-risk responders to acute-phase cognitive therapy for recurrent major depressive disorder

Background Social-interpersonal dysfunction increases disability in major depressive disorder (MDD). Here we clarified the durability of improvements in social-interpersonal functioning made during acute-phase cognitive therapy (CT), whether continuation CT (C-CT) or fluoxetine (FLX) further improved functioning, and relations of functioning with depressive symptoms and relapse/recurrence.
The role of mesopores in achieving high efficiency airborne nanoparticle filtration using aerogel monoliths

Abstract This study evaluates the role of small mesopore volume fraction in aerogel monoliths in achieving high efficiency airborne nanoparticle filtration. The diffusional flow in mesopores (diameter 2–50 nm) is more effective in nanoparticle capture than the viscous flow regime encountered in macropores (diameter > 50 nm). Substantial macropore fraction, however, is essential for achieving high air permeability. This idea is tested by evaluating the filtration efficiency of 25–150 nm diameter airborne sodium chloride nanoparticles and the permeability of air through hybrid aerogel monoliths with about 2–4% by volume mesopore content. The hybrid aerogels are prepared by growing discontinuous silica aerogel particles in the macropores of δ-form syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS). The results show that air permeability is not much affected by the silica content although the particle capture efficiency is increased to >99.95% due to the contribution of diffusional deposition aided by the mesopores. The aerogels develop cracks and reduce filtration efficiency at high silica content due to brittle nature of silica particle networks.
Bounce: A Mobile Behavioral Intervention Technology for Breast Cancer Survivors

Behavior change theories are often applied to the design of technologies for improving health and wellness. However, researchers commonly apply these theories too narrowly or too broadly, resulting in a design process that does not account for the complexities of behavior change. To address this limitation in prior research, we developed a methodological framework that blends abstract theory with contextual relevance. Based on this framework, we developed a set of design guidelines for Bounce - a smartphone application aiming to increase the physical activity of breast cancer survivors.
Investigating consonant reduction in Mandarin Chinese with improved forced alignment.

Phonetic reduction has been an important topic in linguistics research. It also presents a great challenge for forced alignment, a technique widely used for automatic phonetic segmentation. In this study, we employed skip-state HMMs to improve forced alignment quality and to make forced alignment applicable to the investigation of phonetic reduction and deletion. With skip-state HMMs, forced alignment accuracy at 10 ms agreement was improved from 73.3% to 75.6% on a corpus of Mandarin Chinese broadcast news speech. Our analysis based on the improved forced alignment of Mandarin broadcast news speech – verified by hand segmentation of a random sample of cases – shows that: 1. The durations of frication and aspiration are additive in the production of plosives and affricates; 2. Plosives are more likely to be deleted than affricates; and 3. Plosives and affricates in higher-frequency words and at word-medial position are more likely to be reduced.
Time-limited inpatient group therapy: a developmental model.

ABSTRACTA developmental model of conducting a time-limited, short-term inpatient psychotherapy group is described. The therapist's primary goal in this model is to promote members' awareness of their dysfunctional interpersonal behaviors and the conflicts underlying these behaviors. The therapist pursues this goal by facilitating the group in resolving the conflicts of the four phases through which the group passes. In Phase I, the group addresses conflicts related to the establishment of trust. In Phase II, issues related to dependency wishes focused upon authority figures occupy the group's attention. In Phase III, conflicts within peer relation-ships become focal. In Phase IV as the group approaches termination, group members explore feelings related to the acceptance of loss. For each phase, optimal therapist interventions are described.
THE ‘NARROW ROAD’ AND THE ETHICS OF LANGUAGE USE IN THE ILIAD AND THE ODYSSEY

I begin this exploration of characteristically Iliadic and Odyssean attitudes toward the traditional language in which these poems are composed by treading again a well-rutted path in the field of mid-20th century Homeric studies. In formulating his radical revision of the aesthetics of Homeric poetry, Milman Parry took as one of his guiding principles Heinrich Duntzer's notion of a contradiction between the compositional utility of the fixed epithet and its semantic value: if an epithet could be shown to have been selected on the basis of its utility in versification—and Parry's detailed examinations of extensive and economical systems of noun-epithet formulae were aimed in part at demonstrating this point—then it would be proven by that very fact that the epithet's meaning was irrelevant to its selection. Moreover, Parry asserted that the success of poetry composed in such a manner would depend on a corresponding indifference on the part of the audience, an indifference that must be, by his reasoning, categorical and absolute.
Abstract 1216: Assays for the selection and functional characterization of antibody-drug conjugates at the National Research Council of Canada

One of the most promising and fastest growing classes of cancer therapeutics builds on the molecular targeting abilities of antibodies by combining them with drugs to generate highly specific antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). However, the development of ADCs requires time-consuming selection of the antibody for every target and cancer type. Screening technologies based on the use of conjugated secondary antibodies provide a fast and efficient surrogate assay from which to identify which antibodies are best internalized and suitable for immunoconjugate development into ADCs. As part of its integrated antibody development initiative, NRC has isolated and characterized anti- mouse Fc and anti-human Fc monoclonal antibodies to serve as very selective detective reagents for various IgG isoforms. We have shown that these secondary antibodies are species specific, selective and of high affinity. Furthermore, they exhibit high specific potency and low background toxicity after conjugating them to drugs (DM1, MMAE) or immunotoxins(saporin) in cell viability studies. By combining this methodology with our proprietary mRNA and DNA expression database for the selection of appropriate cell lines, we plan on screening thousands of NRC antibodies generated against variety of cancer associated cell surface targets for ADC development. In addition to secondary conjugate cytotoxicity assays, we have developed a suite of assays based on cellular accumulation, endosomal routing and activation (intracellular drug release) of antibody drug conjugates. These assays can all contribute to our mechanistic understanding of ADCs under development. Combined with our strength in biologic production and characterization, this expertise promotes the integration and advancement of NRC9s capabilities and strengths in the area of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), and can be used to establish strategic collaborations with other Canadian or international partners to develop external or internal NRC antibodies into novel ADC biologics. Citation Format: Maria L. Jaramillo, Luc Meury, Normand Jolicoeur, Myriam Banville, Limei Tao, Maureen O’Connor McCourt. Assays for the selection and functional characterization of antibody-drug conjugates at the National Research Council of Canada. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1216.
Estradiol, SHBG and leptin interplay with food craving and intake across the menstrual cycle.

Abstract Objective To understand the association between ovarian hormones, non-acute satiety hormones and craving calorie dense foods in the luteal phase. Methods 17 premenopausal women, mean age 23.2 y, mean BMI 22.4 kg/m2 with regular menstrual cycles were studied during late follicular (FP) and luteal phases (LP). Estradiol, progesterone, DHEAS, SHBG, insulin and leptin, were measured in fasting samples. The validated Food Craving Inventory was used to record the types of foods volunteers habitually ate – rich in fat, carbohydrate or sweet taste, as well as craved during the LP of their menstrual cycle. Results Estradiol was inversely associated with leptin in FP (r = − 0.62, p = 0.01). Leptin was inversely associated with habitual intake of sweet foods, in both phases (FP: r = − 0.64, p = 0.01; LP: r = − 0.63, p = 0.01). SHBG in LP was positively associated with craving sweet and carbohydrate rich foods. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two groups of women, one with high estradiol, high estradiol/leptin ratio, high sweet and carbohydrate cravings (p Conclusions The estradiol-leptin axis may be a determinant of luteal phase craving and habitual food intake in menstruating women. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT01407692
Enhancing Global Service-Learning with Partnerships as an Engagement Strategy for Christian Higher Education

ABSTRACTGlobal engagement programming across higher education continues to expand as institutional leaders and practitioners strive to meet global citizenship and civic engagement outcomes. This article presents case study research on a global service-learning partnership, the “Christian University” (CU) Wheelchair Project, which has involved students in a three-semester course sequence that includes research under faculty guidance at a Kenyan school serving 300 children with disabilities. The coauthors participated with the CU students to address the following research questions: (a) What are the characteristics of a Christian Global Service-Learning project that involved partnerships? and (b) What are the observed expectations and impacts of this partnership in the local setting? The case study offers an example of a global service-learning partnership that is grounded in institutional and community input throughout the project's conception and implementation, as well as during assessment of the program...
ACCELERATED EROSION ON THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN

The Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States has long been considered to have negligible soil erosion owing to low relief and permeable soils. Several recent studies point to a need for reassessment. Post-settlement erosion on the North Carolina Coastal Plain was estimated at the regional scale based on soil-profile truncation of a representative upland soil (Norfolk series). Apparent post-settlement soil-profile truncation ranges from 2.5 to 30 cm (mean 14.5 cm), implying a minimum regional average rate of 0.55 mm/yr since the region was settled in the 1700s. This amounts to a conservative estimated average rate of 9.3 t/ha/yr, a rate of the same general magnitude as estimated erosion rates in the North Carolina Piedmont, long recognized as a problem erosion area. Results imply accelerated water erosion despite the low slopes and permeable soils, and suggest the possibility of significant eolian erosion in the region. This rapid erosion in an area noted for its geological stability is a testament to t...
Interactive effects between nest microclimate and nest vegetation structure confirm microclimate thresholds for Lesser Prairie-Chicken nest survival

ABSTRACT The range of Lesser Prairie-Chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) spans 4 unique ecoregions along 2 distinct environmental gradients. The Sand Shinnery Oak Prairie ecoregion of the Southern High Plains of New Mexico and Texas is environmentally isolated, warmer, and more arid than the Short-Grass, Sand Sagebrush, and Mixed-Grass Prairie ecoregions in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and the northeast panhandle of Texas. Weather is known to influence Lesser Prairie-Chicken nest survival in the Sand Shinnery Oak Prairie ecoregion; regional variation may also influence nest microclimate and, ultimately, survival during incubation. To address this question, we placed data loggers adjacent to nests during incubation to quantify temperature and humidity distribution functions in 3 ecoregions. We developed a suite of a priori nest survival models that incorporated derived microclimate parameters and visual obstruction as covariates in Program MARK. We monitored 49 nests in Mixed-Grass, 22 nests in Sand Shinn...
Considering Access and Born Digital Collections in Migration Initiatives. A Report of the ALCTS Digital Conversion Interest Group Meeting. American Library Association Annual Conference. Orlando, June 2016

For the American Library Association's 2016 Annual Conference, the Digital Conversion Interest Group sought to highlight challenges and opportunities related to promoting access and use. Veering fr...
Set size, assertion form, thematic content and sampling in the selection task

ABSTRACTParticipants attempted to solve a modified version of Wason's (1966) selection task. Variables were: (1) sizes of the sets referenced by a specified assertion, (2) form of the assertion (conditional or categorical), (3) thematic content of the assertion (letters and numbers or makes and owners of taxicabs), and (4) the need for sampling or not. In Experiment 1, participants were given enough information to determine the truth or falsity of the specified assertion with certainty; in Experiment 2, they had to rely on sampling and could not determine the assertion's truth or falsity with certainty. Performance was better in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2, but in both cases much better than what is typically obtained with the conventional selection task. The results support the hypothesis that performance of the selection task is sensitive to the sizes of the sets involved, add credence to the conclusion that framing the task in a thematically meaningful way can facilitate performance, and demonstr...
Seasonal Effects on the Population, Morphology and Reproductive Behavior of Narnia femorata (Hemiptera: Coreidae)

Many insects are influenced by the phenology of their host plants. In North Central Florida, Narnia femorata (Hemiptera: Coreidae) spends its entire life cycle living and feeding on Opuntia mesacantha ssp. lata. This cactus begins producing flower buds in April that lead to unripe green fruit in June that ripen into red fruit through December. Many morphological and behavioral characteristics of N. femorata are known to be affected by cactus phenology in a controlled laboratory setting, including the degree of sexual dimorphism and mating behavior. Our goal with this study was to determine if similar phenotypic changes of N. femorata occurred over time in the wild, and the extent to which these changes were concordant with phenological changes in its host plant. Further, we investigate the length of the insect mouthparts (beak) over time. Ongoing work has suggested that beak length may change across cohorts of developing insects in response to feeding deep within cactus fruit where seed and pulp depth decrease as the fruit ripens. Our results revealed a drop in cactus fruit abundance between the months of July through October 2015 as cactus fruits turned red and ripened. Simultaneously, the average body size of both males and females of N. femorata declined at two sampled sites. Male hind femora (a sexually-selected weapon) decreased disproportionately in size over time so that males later in the year had relatively smaller hind femora for their body size. The sex-specific patterns of morphological change led to increased sexual-size dimorphism and decreased sexual dimorphism for hind femora later in the year. Further, we found that beak length decreased across cohorts of insects as cactus fruit ripened, suggesting phenotypic plasticity in mouthpart length. Behavioral studies revealed that female readiness to mate increased as the season progressed. In sum, we found pronounced changes in the phenotypes of these insects in the field. Although this study is far from comprehensive, it provides tantalizing patterns that suggest many directions for future research.
One-Step piggyBac Transposon-Based CRISPR/Cas9 Activation of Multiple Genes.

Neural cell fate is determined by a tightly controlled transcription regulatory network during development. The ability to manipulate the expression of multiple transcription factors simultaneously is required to delineate the complex picture of neural cell development. Because of the limited carrying capacity of the commonly used viral vectors, such as lentiviral or retroviral vectors, it is often challenging to perform perturbation experiments on multiple transcription factors. Here we have developed a piggyBac (PB) transposon-based CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) all-in-one system, which allows for simultaneous and stable endogenous transactivation of multiple transcription factors and long non-coding RNAs. As a proof of principle, we showed that the PB-CRISPRa system could accelerate the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into neurons and astrocytes by triggering endogenous expression of different sets of transcription factors. The PB-CRISPRa system has the potential to become a convenient and robust tool in neuroscience, which can meet the needs of a variety of in vitro and in vivo gain-of-function applications.
More clinical mimics of infant botulism.

Objective To ascertain the actual diagnoses of 76 patients (2005-2015) whose clinical presentations so closely resembled infant botulism that the patients were treated with Human Botulism Immune Globulin Intravenous (BIG-IV; BabyBIG), but whose illnesses subsequently were not laboratory confirmed as infant botulism (“clinical mimics” of infant botulism). Study design The California Department of Public Health produces BIG-IV and distributes it nationwide as a public service (ie, not-for-profit) orphan drug to treat patients hospitalized with suspected infant botulism. During the study period, admission records and discharge summaries for all patients treated with BIG-IV but who lacked a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of infant botulism were collected and abstracted. The patients' discharge diagnoses were identified, categorized, and compared with previously reported clinical mimics categories for 32 patients (1992-2005). Results From 2005 to 2015, 76 clinical mimic illnesses were identified. These illnesses were distributed into the 5 categories previously reported of (1) probable infant botulism lacking confirmatory testing (26.3%); (2) spinal muscular atrophy (19.7%); (3) miscellaneous (15.8%); (4) metabolic disorders (11.8%); and (5) other infectious diseases (10.6%). Of the 76 clinical mimic illnesses, 15.8% had no alternate diagnosis established and were therefore categorized as undetermined. Conclusions Over the 23 years 1992-2015, patients presenting with illnesses so clinically similar to infant botulism that they were treated with BIG-IV had actual diagnoses that were distributed into 5 main categories. These categories and their individual components constitute a working bedside differential diagnosis of infant botulism.
Boolean-Valued Relative Constructibility

In this section we will generalize the theory of relative constructibility to Boolean-valued structures for Boolean algebras B that are sets. Here L0 will denote the language of the first-order predicate calculus with predicate constants = and ϵ. In addition L is a first order language that is an extension of L0. In most applications L will have only finitely many constants but it may have infinitely many. M and M’ will be two B-valued structures for the language L. Recall that M and M’ must each satisfy the Axioms of Equality of Definition 6.5. Also, whenever we consider [φ]M we assume that the underlying Boolean algebra is M-complete where M = |M| i.e., M is the universe of M.
The Aging Reactor Myth

Many attacks on nuclear power still include the argument that the LWRs now in commercial service encounter serious operating problems at the age of 4 or 5 years. They claim that this indicates a deterioration and it will inevitably happen to new plants. These claims are still made despite the fact that the “analysis” on which the original charge was based was neither sound nor conclusive, and that operating experience on many more reactors has not only failed to follow the prediction, but has shown the opposite! After the first refueling, LWRs in the U.S. have shown a statistically significant improvement in capacity factors [1].
USE OF A NEW POLYBUTILATE-COATED POLYESTER SUTURE IN CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY

Abstract Polybutilate coated polyester (Dacron) sutures were evaluated in a variety of cardiovascular procedures performed on 117 patients. The age range was from 6 months to 88 years, and long-term follow-up was available in 100 patients. The most frequently sutured tissues were those of the aorta, atrium, fascia and pericardium. Suture sizes ranged from 1-0 through 5-0, the most common being 3-0. There were no suture related complications, and the performance was found to be superior to non-coated polyester sutures and other forms of coated sutures. Favorable characteristics were: 1) ease of passage through tissue, especially through prosthetic materials; 2) ease of tying, 3) increased knot security; and 4) better handling characteristics in general. Because of the firm bonding of polybutilate with the polyester suture, flaking (minute amounts of the coating which become dislodged) and suture drag characteristics of other coated polyester sutures were not experienced.
An experimental study of bifurcation, chaos, and dimensionality in a system forced through a bifurcation parameter

An experimental study of a system that is parametrically excited through a bifurcation parameter is presented. The system consits of a lightly-damped, flexible beam which is buckled and unbuckled magnetically: it is parametrically excited by driving an electromagnet with a low-frequency sine wave. For voltage amplitudes in excess of the static bifurcation value, the beam slowly switches between the one-and two-well configurations. Experimental static and dynamic bifurcation results are presented. Static bifurcatons for the system are shown to involve a butterfly catastrophe. The dynamic bifurcation diagram, obtained with an automated data acquisition system, shows several period-doubling sequences, jump phenomena, and a chaotic region. Poincare sections of a chaotic steady-state are obtained for various values of the driving phase, and the correlation dimension of the chaotic attractor is estimated over a large scaling region. Singular system analysis is used to demonstrate the effect of delay time on the noise level in delay-reconstructions, and to provide an independent check on the dimension estimate by directly estimating the number of independent coordinates from time series data. The correlation dimension is also estimated using the delay-reconstructed data and shown to be in good agrement with the value obtained from the Poincare sections. The bifurcation and dimension results are used together with physical sonsiderations to derive the general form of a single-degree-of-freedom model for the experimental system.
The 1978 Ocean Wave Dynamics Experiment

The Ocean Wave Dynamics Experiment (WAVDYN), an empirical investigation of ocean wind waves in deep, open water, has yielded improved evidence that independently (freely) propagating waves prevail over manifestations of their nonsinusoidal (nonlinear) waveforms. Measurements were made with an array of surface elevation transducers, a two-axis current meter, and a video-based wave-imaging system deployed at an ocean tower during September 1978. Analysis of the array and the video data yielded estimates of directional wavenumber-frequency spectra of signal variance, which were compared with the theoretical wavenumber-frequency relations for free- and bound-wave propagation under the influence of the measured currents. The locations of structure in the spectra indicate the prevalence of free-wave propagation. The video spectra exhibit characteristics indicating advection in excess of that associated with the average measured current. This excess advection is not well resolved in the array spectra, and likely is the orbital flow of the dominant wave near their crests.
Core-Level Spectroscopy Investigation of the Mo0.75Re0.25(100) Surface

Preferential surface segregation in the Mo0.75Re0.25(100) surface region was investigated using high-resolution core-level spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation. The magnitude and direction of the surface core-level shifts observed in this study can be qualitatively understood by comparison to W and Mo core-level shifts. Measured core-level intensities are found to be consistent with the segregation of Mo to the surface of the alloy, with an enrichment of Re in the second layer (as found in previous investigations). It is inferred that both Tc and Os will segregate to the Mo0.75Re0.25(100) surface.
Data standards for interoperability of care team information to support care coordination of complex pediatric patients.

Abstract Objective Seamless access to information about the individuals and organizations involved in the care of a specific patient (“care teams”) is crucial to effective and efficient care coordination. This is especially true for vulnerable and complex patient populations such as pediatric patients with special needs. Despite wide adoption of electronic health records (EHR), current EHR systems do not adequately support the visualization and management of care teams within and across health care organizations. Electronic health information exchange has the potential to address this issue. In the present study, we assessed the adequacy of available health information exchange data standards to support the information needs related to care coordination of complex pediatric patients. Methods We derived data elements from the information needs of clinicians and parents to support patient care teams; and mapped them to data elements in the Health Level Seven (HL7) Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture (C-CDA) standard and in the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard. We also identified additional C-CDA data elements and FHIR resources that include patients’ care team members. Results Information about care team members involved in patient care is generally well-represented in the C-CDA and FHIR specifications. However, there are gaps related to patients’ non-clinical events and care team actions. In addition, there is no single place to find information about care team members; rather, information about practitioners and organizations may be available in several different types of C-CDA data elements and FHIR resources. Conclusion Through standards-based electronic health information exchange, it appears to be feasible to build patient care team representations irrespective of the location of patient care. In order to gather care team information across disparate systems, exchange of multiple C-CDA documents and/or execution of multiple FHIR queries will be necessary. This approach has the potential to enable comprehensive patient care team views that may help improve care coordination.
Experimentally Enhanced Computations: Calibration Methodology for an Anisotropic Metal, Part I: Traditional Approach

The Experimentally Enhanced Computations project was motivated by the combined availability of advanced diagnostics such as digital image correlation (DIC) and non-quadratic, anisotropic yield functions for metals that have been implemented in computational mechanics codes. Here we propose to investigate the use of DIC combined with inverse methods as an alternative to traditional model calibration methods. The objective of this novel approach is to reduce the number of tests required for calibration, thus expediting the calibration process.
Comparison of bone lead measured via portable x-ray fluorescence across and within bones.

Abstract Background Bone lead measured via x-ray fluorescence (XRF) has been used for decades in health studies. A portable XRF device for bone lead measurement is gaining in popularity for its ease of use and shorter measurement times. Previous XRF devices have measured different bone types in order to sample both cortical and trabecular bone, in which lead has different half residence times. Objective The portable XRF uses lower energy to measure bone lead than previous devices, and, thus, only measures the surface of the bone. Because all bones have a cortical shell, we hypothesized that portable XRF bone lead measurements would be similar regardless of the bone measured. Methods This study tested differences in portable XRF bone lead measurements across different cortical and trabecular bones in measurements made on 31 cadavers. We also compared tissue thicknesses overlying different bones, which can impact portable XRF measurements. Results The correlation coefficients found between bones were higher (rho ~0.4) than previous K-shell XRF bone measurements in cortical and trabecular over the same range of values (rho~0.2). The concentrations were shown to vary non-significantly across different bones within individuals.
The Shared Investment Model: Partnering a Venture Capital Fund with a Health System

Creating or partnering with a venture capital fund offers many positives for health systems and academic medical centers. It can speed introduction of new and powerful technology that enhances the care of patients. It offers the potential for substantial financial returns, adding a new revenue stream that can support academic activities. Finally, it stimulates a passion for discovery and commercialization among medical employees and faculty. More direct involvement in innovation allows health systems to directly drive product evolution such that the technology more perfectly fits their needs and structure. As well, when relevant healthcare professionals are involved in product design and development, the last and most critical step of deployment into clinical practice is greatly facilitated by their sense of ownership.
RNA-seq reveals disruption of gene regulation when honey bees are caged and deprived of hive conditions

ABSTRACT In this study, we present phenotypic and genetic data characterizing the impact of imidacloprid and caging stress on honey bee Apis mellifera physiological responses and regulation of 45 genes using targeted-RNA seq. The term ‘caging stress’ characterizes the effects of depriving honey bees of all hive aspects and conditions. Two cohorts of 1 day old sister bees were subjected to different conditions. One cohort was caged and fed different imidacloprid-tainted sugar solutions and the second was marked and introduced back to its natal hive. Physiological bee parameters and diet behavior were monitored daily for caged bees over several weeks. Bee samples from both cohorts were sampled weekly for RNA sequencing and oxidative stress analyses. Imidacloprid induced significant protein damage and post-ingestive aversion responses in caged bees, leading to lower tainted syrup consumption and higher water intake compared with the controls. No differentially expressed genes were observed among caged bees in regards to imidacloprid treatment. However, significant upregulation in antioxidant genes was recorded in caged bees as compared with hive bees, with overwhelming downregulation in all gene categories in caged bees at week 4. We identified two sets of genes that were constantly regulated in caged bees, including Rsod with unknown function in insects that could potentially characterize caging stress in honey bees.
Robot-Theater Programs for Different Age Groups to Promote STEAM Education and Robotics Research

Issues with learner engagement and interest in STEM and robotics fields may be resolved from an interdisciplinary education approach. We have developed a robot-theater framework using interactive robots as a way to integrate the arts into STEM and robotics learning. The present paper shows a breadth of our target populations, ranging from elementary school children to college students. Based on our experiences in conducting four different programs applied to different age groups, we discuss the characteristics, lessons, design considerations, and implications for future work.
Birdshot retinochoroidopathy in the absence of typical chorioretinal lesions

Birdshot retinochoroidopathy is an ocular inflammatory disease characterized by depigmented lesions radiating from the optic disc. It may, however, present with isolated optic disc edema, vitritis, or vasculitis. ICG can play a critical role in diagnosising BSRC in cases where characteristic fundus lesions are subtle or absent. We describe a case of Birdshot retinochoroidopathy (BSRC) that presented with isolated optic nerve swelling. Neuroimaging and serum testing for infectious or inflammatory etiologies were unremarkable. Indocyanine angiography (ICG) revealed multiple round dark fundus lesions in both eyes. This raised suspicion for BSRC, which was confirmed with genetic testing. Ocular inflammation resolved following treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and a dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex®; Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA).
A Review of Acute Myocardial Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019

In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, and it has spread rapidly across the world, causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection predominantly results in pulmonary issues, accumulating evidence suggests the increased frequency of a variety of cardiovascular complications in patients with COVID-19. Acute cardiac injury, defined as elevated cardiac troponin levels, is the most reported cardiac abnormality in COVID-19 and strongly associated with mortality. In this article, we summarize the currently available data on the association of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 with acute myocardial injury.
Enoch Powell: Britain’s First Neoliberal Politician

Enoch Powell was not only Britain’s best known racist, he was also its first neoliberal politician. By making this provocative claim, I wish to consider political and intellectual departure points ...
Letter to the editor: Study Summary - Randomized Control Trial of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of COVID-19 Related Olfactory Dysfunction.

To evaluate a therapeutic role for omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction associated with COVID-19 infection Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial Eligible patients are adults with self-reported new-onset olfactory dysfunction of any duration associated with laboratory-confirmed or clinically suspected COVID-19 patients. Exclusion criteria include patients with pre-existing olfactory dysfunction, history of chronic rhinosinusitis or history of sinus surgery, current use of nasal steroid sprays or omega-3 supplementation, fish allergy, or inability to provide informed consent for any reason. The trial is conducted at Mount Sinai Hospital The intervention group will receive 2000 mg daily of omega-3 supplementation in the form of two “Fish Oil, Ultra Omega-3” capsules (product of Pharmavite®) daily. The comparator group will take 2 placebo capsules of identical size, shape, and odor daily for 6 weeks. Each subject will take a Brief Smell Identification Test at study enrolment and completion after 6 weeks. The primary outcome will be change in Brief Smell Identification Test over the 6-week period. Patients will be randomized by the Investigational Drug Pharmacy at the Icahn School of Medicine at Sinai via a computer-generated sequence in a 1:1 allocation to treatment or control arms. Both participants and researchers will be blinded. There will be 88 participants randomized to each group. A total of 176 participants will be randomized. Protocol Version 1, 8/3/2020 Recruitment is ongoing, started 8/5/2020 with estimated completion 11/30/2020. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with Protocol Identifier: NCT04495816 . Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04495816 . Registered 3 August 2020 The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1).
Sex Differences in the Developing Lung: Implications for Disease

Sex-related differences in lung growth exist and result in differences in lung function during the prenatal period and across the life span. This translates into disparity in the susceptibility and severity of several lung diseases. In general, lung diseases, such as acute respiratory distress and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, are worse in males during the neonatal period and during childhood. After puberty, women are affected more than men by lung diseases, such as asthma and cystic fibrosis. Lung function and disease severity also fluctuate with the menstrual cycle; abundant evidence suggests a benefit of androgens. Understanding sex-related differences in lung development and their impact on lung disease is important to predict outcomes and provide sex-based personalized management plans across the life span.
Intraductal infusion of steroids in patients with Sjögren syndrome to treat painful salivary swelling: Report of 2 cases.

Painful salivary swelling in patients with Sjogren syndrome presents the clinician with a difficult-to-manage condition, and treatment options are limited. We report 2 cases that demonstrate the utility of a clinic-based intraductal corticosteroid infusion for the treatment of painful salivary swelling associated with Sjogren syndrome. Steroid infusion is a cost-effective, simple-to-perform, well-tolerated gland-sparing procedure that may yield good clinical results in selected patients.
Improvement in severe pulmonary hypertension in obese patients after laparoscopic gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy.

Case reports have suggested that bariatric surgery improves pulmonary hypertension. We performed a retrospective, case–control study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery in obese patients with severe pulmonary hypertension. Morbidly obese patients followed in a specialty pulmonary hypertension clinic who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy between 2008 and 2013 (n = 10) were compared to a BMI-matched cohort managed with maximal medical therapy (n = 10). Patients with advanced malignancy, prior heart/lung transplantation, and pulmonary hypertension from thromboembolism were excluded. Primary outcomes assessed were changes in use of pulmonary vasodilatory and diuretic medications, need for home oxygen therapy, and mean pulmonary arterial pressures. Secondary outcomes measured were excess body weight loss, perioperative mortality and morbidity, and hospital length of stay. More patients who underwent bariatric surgery experienced improvements in pulmonary arterial pressures (75 vs. 0 %, p = 0.02), reduction in or discontinuation of pulmonary vasodilatory therapy (67 vs. 0 %, p = 0.01), and decreased diuretic requirements (86 vs. 13 %, p = 0.01) than the control cohort. Seventy-five percent of patients previously on home oxygen discontinued therapy after surgery, while oxygen requirements increased in 50 % of the control cohort. Excess body weight loss was greater in the surgical group (EWL 68 vs. 19 %, p < 0.001). Seven significant complications in five patients occurred in the first postoperative year, but there were no mortalities. Mean inpatient length of stay was 5 days. Laparoscopic gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients improves pulmonary hypertension in the short term.
NEONATAL MANAGEMENT OF UNILATERAL HYDRONEPHROSIS: Role for Delayed Intervention

Hydronephrosis should be managed no differently in the newborn than in any other age group: UPJ obstruction should be surgically corrected as soon as the diagnosis is made. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of obstruction in the newborn with hydronephrosis is difficult and the traditional tests used in the older child or adult are not valid. Because newborn hydronephrosis is a relatively benign condition, surgical intervention should be delayed until the diagnosis of obstruction is proven. A protocol for evaluating the newborn with hydronephrosis is presented.