cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bionomics of Haplaxius crudus (Homoptera: Cixiidae)

Haplaxius crudus nymphs feed and live in the thatch layer and on the roots of St. Augustinegrass, bahiagrass, centipedegrass, bermudagrass, paragrass, yellow nutsedge, broomsedge, foxtail, and other sedges. Secretions from the abdominal wax glands protect the nymphs from wetness, disease, and predators. Average nymph size after each molt at 24°C was 0.80, 1.35, 1.80, and 2.47 mm for 4 respective molts. No differences in size were noted at 30°C. Wingpad development between each molt is a unique characteristic for identifying nymphal age. All nymphal instars developed more rapidly at 30° than at 24°C. Cool temperature (15°C) had an adverse effect on nymph development. Large nymphs survived an extended period without feeding. Eggs were 0.5–0.6 mm in length and 0.15–0.20 mm in width with one blunt end. Parthenogenic reproduction was not observed. The mean life span for adult males on St. Augustinegrass was 7.3 days and 7.8 days for adult females. The mean generation time at 30°C was 52.6 days and 80.8 days at 24°C. The adult H. crudus survived 37 and 50 days on coconut and veitchia palms, respectively. Coconut cultivars differed significantly in numbers of H. crudus attracted. The numbers of adults attracted to palm differed significantly among seasons. H. crudus was found in palms more in the evening hours than in the morning hours.
Simulation of Atomic Diffusion in the Fcc NiAl System: A Kinetic Monte Carlo Study

The atomic diffusion in fcc NiAl binary alloys was studied by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. The environment dependent hopping barriers were computed using a pair interaction model whose parameters were fitted to relevant data derived from electronic structure calculations. Long time diffusivities were calculated and the effect of composition change on the tracer diffusion coefficients was analyzed. Our results indicate that this variation has noticeable impact on the atomic diffusivities. A clear reduction in the mobility of both Ni and Al is demonstrated with increasing Al content. Examination of the pair interaction between atoms was carried out for the purpose of understanding the predicted trends.
Untangling a Structurally Resolved Protein Folding Intermediate.

A central challenge in protein biophysics is to decipher the structural features that give rise to the energetics of protein folding pathways and determine structural details of intermediates. A unique advantage of single-molecule force spectroscopy over classical thermodynamic methods of monitoring protein folding and unfolding transitions is that force spectroscopy effectively reduces the ensemble of possible conformational states to those whose unfolding trajectories share a common reaction coordinate experimentally controlled by the vector of applied force.
Determination of CM choke parameters for SiC MOSFET motor drive based on simple measurements and frequency domain modeling

The adoption of silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs in variable speed motor drives makes it possible to increase the inverter switching frequency up to several hundred kilohertz without incurring excessive inverter loss. As a result, the harmonic currents and related losses in the machine can be significantly reduced, and the dynamic performance of motor will also be improved. However, the increased switching frequency of SiC drives will increase the ground leakage current in the common mode (CM) path, presenting new challenges on CM choke design. This paper aims at understanding the CM choke design under this new circumstance. First, a simple and accurate frequency domain CM circuit modeling approach suitable for SiC motor drives is proposed and subsequently verified through experimental tests. Based on the model, required choke parameters are then determined through analytical calculation. Through comparative analysis, the impact of increased switching frequency on CM choke design is studied.
Goodbye, Daddy: An Autoethnographic Journey Through the Grief and Mourning Process

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to present an autoethonographic study in how I experienced and communicated parts of the mourning process when my father died at the age of 73. The article highlights the stages of grief experienced during the first year. Autoethnographic means are used chronologically to explore how the loss of a family member impacts the stages of grief that are present and how they overlap. In particular, I highlight the events that carried meaning or provided an outlet to express one of the stages of grief. It is hoped that this article can be used to understand why grieving is not an overnight process, but rather is drawn out through the highs and lows of remembering a loved one.
RPGRIP1 and cone-rod dystrophy in dogs.

Cone–rod dystrophies (crd) represent a group of progressive inherited blinding diseases characterized by primary dysfunction and loss of cone photoreceptors accompanying or preceding rod death. Recessive crd type 1 was described in dogs associated with an RPGRIP1 exon 2 mutation, but with lack of complete concordance between genotype and phenotype. This review highlights role of the RPGRIP1, a component of complex protein networks, and its function in the primary cilium, and discusses the potential mechanisms of genotype–phenotype discordance observed in dogs with the RPGRIP1 mutation.
Colloidal behavior of nanoemulsions: Interactions, structure, and rheology

Nanoemulsions exhibit unique behavior due to their nanoscopic dimensions, including remarkable droplet stability, interactions, and rheology. These properties are significantly enhanced by nanoscopic droplet size, as well as the selection of surfactant and other molecular species in solution. Electrostatic and polymer-induced interdroplet interactions are particularly powerful tools for fine-tuning the interdroplet interactions, and have led to stimuli-responsive nanoemulsion systems that provide deep insight into their unique properties. As such, nanoemulsions have emerged as powerful model systems for studying a number of colloidal phenomena including suspension rheology, repulsive and attractive colloidal glasses, aggregation processes, colloidal gelation and phase instability, and associative network formation in polymer–colloid mixtures. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the colloidal behavior of nanoemulsions, and provides a unifying framework for understanding the various complex states that emerge, as well as perspective on emerging challenges and opportunities that will advance the use of nanoemulsions in both fundamental colloid science and technological applications.
Reconsidering the Political Feasibility of an Income Tax in Texas

This article examines the political viability of an income tax proposal in Texas by focusing on how structuring and framing an income tax will influence its feasibility for passage. By examining existing scholarship on voter psychology and tax policy, it concludes that the Bullock Amendment in Texas may offer more support to an income tax campaign than many recognize; its flexibility in defining income allows for innovative packaging of tax structures that may appeal to certain critical stakeholders, and its requirement that an income tax provide for a reduction in property taxes and the funding of education provides a neutral and favorable frame for educating voters.
Software tools for learning: tips, tricks, and traps

Common issues are described for finding, selecting, and using software tools for teaching computer science, computer information technology, or computer literacy courses at all levels, including both in higher education and industry. The tools will range from the ordinary (e.g., spell/grammar checker, drawing wizard, and revision tracking available in MS Office apps) to the specialized (e.g., tools for automated software problem tracking, software engineering management, and Markov modeling/simulation). The following are example tool types: Learning management systems (e.g., Moodle, MyITLab), teaching databases (component libraries, exercises/exams/tutorials, video/audio clips), assignment graders (REVIC, Excel, MyITLab), programming language systems (Dr. Racket, PROLOG), and simulators (JFLAP for building/testing finite automata and formal grammars, CARMS for computer-aided rate modeling and simulation, and COCOMO for software development resource estimation). Issues considered for each tool type include: cost, availability, support, version/change control, benefits to the instructor, benefits to the student, and instruction-related impacts (e.g., on curriculum assessment or plagiarism). Based solely on the presenter's teaching experience, at least one practical tip, trick, and trap will be offered for each tool type. This is neither a tutorial on specific tools nor a recommendation for the example tools briefly discussed. It is rather a practical list of tips, tips, and traps when incorporating software tools into teaching computing.
Advances and Limitations of Disease Biogeography Using Ecological Niche Modeling.

Mapping disease transmission risk is crucial in public and animal health for evidence based decision-making. Ecology and epidemiology are highly related disciplines that may contribute to improvements in mapping disease, which can be used to answer health related questions. Ecological niche modeling is increasingly used for understanding the biogeography of diseases in plants, animals, and humans. However, epidemiological applications of niche modeling approaches can fail to generate robust study designs, generating incomplete or incorrect inferences. This manuscript is an overview of the history and conceptual bases behind ecological niche modeling, specifically as applied to epidemiology and public health; it does not pretend to be an exhaustive and detailed description of ecological niche modeling literature and methods. Instead, this review includes selected state-of-the-science approaches and tools, providing a short guide to designing studies incorporating information on the type and quality of the input data (i.e., occurrences and environmental variables), identification and justification of the extent of the study area, and encourages users to explore and test diverse algorithms for more informed conclusions. We provide a friendly introduction to the field of disease biogeography presenting an updated guide for researchers looking to use ecological niche modeling for disease mapping. We anticipate that ecological niche modeling will soon be a critical tool for epidemiologists aiming to map disease transmission risk, forecast disease distribution under climate change scenarios, and identify landscape factors triggering outbreaks.
Safety Considerations in Pediatric Informatics

Information technology used in the child health setting must take into account wide variations in body size across the age range and the changes in those dimensions over time. These changes are particularly important in medication dosing, which depends directly on body weight, especially for smaller infants. Care of older children and adolescents raises the issue of privacy, where the interests of the young person may be at odds with that of the parent, in particular when reproductive health issues are involved.
Chapter 7 Theories of the distribution of earnings

Abstract Several empirical regularities motivate most theories of the distribution of labor earnings. Earnings distributions tend to be skewed to the right and display long right tails. Mean earnings always exceed median earnings and the top percentiles of earners account for quite a disproportionate share of total earnings. Mean earnings also differ greatly across groups defined by occupation, education, experience, and other observed traits. With respect to the evolution of the distribution of earnings for a given cohort, initial earnings dispersion is smaller than the dispersion observed in prime working years. We explore several models that address these stylized facts. Stochastic theories examine links between assumptions about the distribution of endowments and implied features of earnings distributions given assumptions about the processes that translate endowments into earnings. Selection models describe how workers choose a career. Because workers select their best option from a menu of possible careers, their allocation decisions tend to generate skewed earnings distributions. Sorting models illustrate this process in an environment where workers learn about their endowments and therefore adjust their allocation decisions over time. Human capital theory demonstrates that earnings dispersion is a prerequisite for significant skill investments. Without earnings dispersion, workers would not willingly make the investments necessary for high-skill jobs. Human capital models illustrate how endowments of wealth and talent influence the investment decisions that generate observed distributions of earnings. Agency models illustrate how wage structures may determine rather than reflect worker productivity. Tournament theory addresses the long right tails of wage distributions within firms. Efficiency wage models address differences in wages across employments that involve different monitoring technologies.
Heidegger, Buber and Levinas: Must We Give Priority to Authenticity or Mutuality or Holiness?

After considering Buber’s and Levinas’s critiques of Heidegger and of each other, I propose that we should acknowledge authenticity (Heidegger), “essential relations” of love and friendship (Buber), and holiness (Levinas) as aspects of a good life, though they pull in different directions. We should resist the temptation to take sides in a battle between different approaches to the complex nature of our social being.
Statistical method evaluation for differentially methylated CpGs in base resolution next-generation DNA sequencing data

High-throughput bisulfite methylation sequencing such as reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), Agilent SureSelect Human Methyl-Seq (Methyl-seq) or whole-genome bisulfite sequencing is commonly used for base resolution methylome research. These data are represented either by the ratio of methylated cytosine versus total coverage at a CpG site or numbers of methylated and unmethylated cytosines. Multiple statistical methods can be used to detect differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) between conditions, and these methods are often the base for the next step of differentially methylated region identification. The ratio data have a flexibility of fitting to many linear models, but the raw count data take consideration of coverage information. There is an array of options in each datatype for DMC detection; however, it is not clear which is an optimal statistical method. In this study, we systematically evaluated four statistic methods on methylation ratio data and four methods on count-based data and compared their performances with regard to type I error control, sensitivity and specificity of DMC detection and computational resource demands using real RRBS data along with simulation. Our results show that the ratio-based tests are generally more conservative (less sensitive) than the count-based tests. However, some count-based methods have high false-positive rates and should be avoided. The beta-binomial model gives a good balance between sensitivity and specificity and is preferred method. Selection of methods in different settings, signal versus noise and sample size estimation are also discussed.
Wolfgang Stammler, Von der Mystik zum Barock, 1400–1600. Zweite, durchgesehene und erweiterte Auflage: Stuttgart: J. B. Metzlersche Buchhandlung, 1950. Pp. 755.

(1952). Wolfgang Stammler, Von der Mystik zum Barock, 1400–1600. Zweite, durchgesehene und erweiterte Auflage. The Germanic Review: Literature, Culture, Theory: Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 56-57.
An incentive-based approach to distributed estimation with strategic sensors

Consider a setup in which a central estimator seeks to estimate a random variable using measurements from multiple sensors. The sensors incur an effort cost through consumption of resources to obtain a measurement. The sensors are self-interested and need to be compensated to generate measurements with a low enough error covariance that allows the calculation of an estimate with sufficient accuracy. However, a simple compensation scheme based on self-reported effort taken will not be sufficient, since both the quality of measurements taken by a sensor and the measurement values are private information for the sensor. A strategic sensor can misreport these values to increase his compensation. We formulate this problem as a contract design problem between the sensors and the central estimator and present an optimal contract between the central estimator and sensors as the solution.
Erratum to: Endoscopic Findings and Clinical Outcomes in Ventricular Assist Device Recipients with Gastrointestinal Bleeding

The online version of the original article can be found underdoi:10.1007/s10620-011-1828-2.B. J. Elmunzer (&) J. J. Lewis A. S. Rangnekar S. D. Saini S. L. Eswaran J. M. Scheiman A. K. WaljeeDivision of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan MedicalCenter, 3912 Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAe-mail: badihe@umich.eduK. T. PadhyaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of MichiganMedical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USAF. D. Pagani J. W. HaftDivision of Cardiac Surgery,University of Michigan Medical Center,Ann Arbor, MI, USA
The History of a Catatonic Dog

This article is a condensed life-history of a dog (“V3”) born and reared in the Pavlovian Laboratory and studied until his death in 1961. A detailed study was made of his pathologic development, his relations to people, and the effects of drugs. Measurements recorded were heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, 24-hour activity, sexual reflexes, general behavior. Although early experiments were done chiefly for recording and were not considered noxious or traumatic, this dog’s general development and symptoms seem to have been “constitutionally” rather than environmentally determined. His external behavior was strikingly similar to that of a catatonic patient-flexibilitas cerea, general immobility. Of particular interest was the “Effect of Person”: in the presence of all humans who confronted him he showed catatonic postures, cardiovascular disorders (tachycardia up to 200 beats/min., bradycardia to 12 beats/min., drop of blood pressure from 150 to 75 mm Hg, arrest of heart-beat for as long as 8 seconds), moribund poses. His response to drugs illustrated the specificity to a definite “constitutional type”: sexual activity markedly increased by alcohol and rarely present except after administration of alcohol; no improvement after administration of tranquilizers, except alcohol and meprobamate, which made him act like a normal dog in behavior and in relations to people. His symptoms and reactions to both people and drugs were generally opposite to those of another dog, “Nick”, studied over his life span: Nick showed excessive activity in physiologic systems; hyperactivity (running); generally, improvement through “Effect of Person”; sexual inhibition with alcohol. Observations of the two dogs suggest that symptoms as well as reactions to drugs are the result of the “type” rather than the procedure used, that perhaps psychopathologic symptoms are due more to inborn constitution than to “conflict” (“collision”) between excitation and inhibition, and that neurotic or psychotic symptoms may not interfere with longevity-Nick lived to be 14 years old and died fighting; V3, who also spent most of his life in the laboratory, died at the age of 14.
Crystal structures of three sterically congested disilanes.

In the three sterically congested silanes, C24H38Si2 (1) (1,1,2,2-tetra­isopropyl-1,2-di­phenyl­disilane), C24H34Br4Si2 (2) [1,1,2,2-tetra­kis­(2-bromo­propan-2-yl)-1,2-di­phenyl­disilane] and C32H38Si2 (3) (1,2-di-tert-butyl-1,1,2,2-tetra­phenyl­disilane), the Si—Si bond length is shortest in (1) and longest in (2), with (3) having an inter­mediate value, which parallels the increasing steric congestion. A comparison of the two isopropyl derivatives, (1 and 2), shows a significant increase in the Si—C(ipso) distance with the introduction of bromine. Also, in the brominated compound 2, attractive inter­molecular Br⋯Br inter­actions exist with Br⋯Br separations ca 0.52 A shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii. In compound 2, one of the bromo­isopropyl groups is rotationally disordered in an 0.8812 (9):0.1188 (9) ratio. Compound 3 exhibits `whole mol­ecule' disorder in a 0.9645 (7):0.0355 (7) ratio with the Si—Si bonds in the two components making an angle of ca 66°.
Deconstructing family meals: Do family structure, gender and employment status influence the odds of having a family meal?

Abstract Objectives We assessed the odds of having a family dinner by parental gender, family structure and parental employment. Methods This study used data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) (2006–2008). Multivariate analyses assessed the odds of two outcomes among parents: 1) eating at all with children and 2) having a family dinner. Results Single men had lower odds of eating at all with children and eating a family dinner in comparison to partnered/married males. Partnered/married women had increased odds of eating at all with children and eating a family dinner compared to their partnered/married male counterparts. While single women had increased odds of eating at all with children compared to partnered/married males, no difference was detected in the odds of having a family dinner. Among dual-headed households, women had lower odds of eating a family dinner when both parents were employed compared a dual-headed household with employed male/non-employed female. There were no differences among men regardless of their employment status or that of their partner/spouse. Conclusions Family structure, parental gender and employment status all influence the odds of having a family dinner. Future research on family meals should consider all of these factors to better understand trends and disparities across household compositions.
Generation of Highly Oblique Lower Band Chorus Via Nonlinear Three‐Wave Resonance

Chorus in the inner magnetosphere has been observed frequently at geomagnetically active times, typically exhibiting a two-band structure with a quasi-parallel lower-band and an upper-band with a broad range of wave normal angles. But recent observations by Van Allen Probes confirm another type of lower-band chorus, which has a large wave normal angle close to the resonance cone angle. It has been proposed that these waves could be generated by a low-energy beam-like electron component or by temperature anisotropy of keV electrons in the presence of a low-energy plateau-like electron component. This paper, however, presents an alternative mechanism for generation of this highly oblique lower-band chorus. Through a nonlinear three-wave resonance, a quasi-parallel lower-band chorus wave can interact with a mildly oblique upper-band chorus wave, producing a highly oblique quasi-electrostatic lower-band chorus wave. This theoretical analysis is confirmed by 2D electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations. Furthermore, as the newly generated waves propagate away from the equator, their wave normal angle can further increase and they are able to scatter low-energy electrons to form a plateau-like structure in the parallel velocity distribution. The three-wave resonance mechanism may also explain the generation of quasi-parallel upper-band chorus which has also been observed in the magnetosphere.
Authenticall: efficient identity and content authentication for phone calls

Phones are used to confirm some of our most sensitive transactions. From coordination between energy providers in the power grid to corroboration of high-value transfers with a financial institution, we rely on telephony to serve as a trustworthy communications path. However, such trust is not well placed given the widespread understanding of telephony's inability to provide end-to-end authentication between callers. In this paper, we address this problem through the AuthentiCall system. AuthentiCall not only cryptographically authenticates both parties on the call, but also provides strong guarantees of the integrity of conversations made over traditional phone networks. We achieve these ends through the use of formally verified protocols that bind low-bitrate data channels to heterogeneous audio channels. Unlike previous efforts, we demonstrate that AuthentiCall can be used to provide strong authentication before calls are answered, allowing users to ignore calls claiming a particular Caller ID that are unable or unwilling to provide proof of that assertion. Moreover, we detect 99% of tampered call audio with negligible false positives and only a worst-case 1.4 second call establishment overhead. In so doing, we argue that strong and efficient end-to-end authentication for phone networks is approaching a practical reality.
Intertidal Poetry: Making Our Way Through Change

Clammers working in intertidal ecosystems follow the ebb and flow of the tides as they traverse mudflats in search of clams. As they move within this terrain, they notice changes in the mud, the number of clams, and the height and temperature of the ocean, which correspond with broader shifts in Earth’s systems and they work with metaphors in complex ways as they respond to these changes. This chapter weaves together theories of rhetoric and resilience to describe how clammers work with biological metaphors to trace organic rhythms in ways that articulate bodies and ecologies. Cycles, as a particular type of biological metaphor, shape how we remember ourselves as ecological in ways that extend far beyond immediate sense impressions. Together, poetry and biological metaphors can shape how we remember resilience and make our way through these troubled times.
Negotiating legitimacy in American Sign Language interpreting education: Uneasy belonging in a community of practice

This article ethnographically explores how American Sign Language-English interpreting students negotiate and foreground different kinds of relationships to claim legitimacy in relation to deaf people and the deaf community. As the field of interpreting is undergoing shifts from community interpreting to professionalization, interpreting students endeavor to legitimize their involvement in the field. Students create distinction between themselves and other students through relational work that involves positive and negative interpretation of kinship terms. In analyzing interpreting students' gate-keeping practices, this article explores the categories and definitions used by interpreting students and argues that there is category trouble that occurs. Identity and kinship categories are not nuanced or critically interrogated, resulting in deaf people and interpreters being represented in static ways.
Effect of carvedilol vs metoprolol succinate on mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Abstract Background Beta blocker therapy is indicated in all patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) as per current guidelines. The relative benefit of carvedilol to metoprolol succinate remains unknown. This study aimed to compare survival benefit of carvedilol to metoprolol succinate. Methods The VA’s databases were queried to identify 114,745 patients diagnosed with HFrEF from 2007 to 2015 who were prescribed carvedilol and metoprolol succinate. The study estimated the survival probability and hazard ratio by comparing the carvedilol and metoprolol patients using propensity score matching with replacement techniques on observed covariates. Sub-group analyses were performed separately for men, women, elderly, duration of therapy of more than 3 months, and diabetic patients. Results A total of 43,941 metoprolol patients were matched with as many carvedilol patients. The adjusted hazard ratio of mortality for metoprolol succinate compared to carvedilol was 1.069 (95% CI: 1.046-1.092, P value: Conclusion Patients with HFrEF taking carvedilol had improved survival as compared to metoprolol succinate. The data supports the need for furthering testing to determine optimal choice of beta blockers in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Myocardial preservation, reperfusion injury, and postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction

The current scientific knowledge related to ischaemia and reperfusion is expanding at a fast pace, providing unprecedented levels of understanding and paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches to emerge. We anticipate that an era of novel pharmacological treatments for cardiac arrest is about to commence.
The least-squares analysis of data from binding and enzyme kinetics studies weights, bias, and confidence intervals in usual and unusual situations.

Abstract The rectangular hyperbola, y = abx/(1 + bx), is widely used as a fit model in the analysis of data from studies of binding, sorption, enzyme kinetics, and fluorescence quenching. The choice of this or its linearized versions—the double-reciprocal, y-reciprocal, or x-reciprocal—in unweighted least squares imply different assumptions about the error structure of the data. The rules of error propagation are reviewed and used to derive weighting expressions for application in weighted least squares, in the usual case where y is correctly considered the dependent variable, and in the less common situations where x is the true dependent variable, in violation of one of the fundamental premises of most least-squares methods. The latter case is handled through an effective variance treatment and through a least-squares method that treats any or all of the variables as uncertain. The weighting expressions for the linearized versions of the fit model are verified by computing the parameter standard errors for exactly fitting data. Consistent weightings yield identical standard errors in this exercise, as is demonstrated with a common data analysis program. The statistical properties of linear and nonlinear estimators of the parameters are examined with reference to the properties of reciprocals of normal variates. Monte Carlo simulations confirm that the least-squares methods yield negligible bias and trustworthy confidence limits for the parameters as long as their percent standard errors are less than ~ 10%. Correct weights being the key to optimal analysis in all cases, methods for estimating variance functions by least-squares analysis of replicate data are reviewed briefly.
Law and Psychology—The Courtship Reconsidered

My recommendations as to the insanity defense are not yet complete. In Chapters 10 and 11 the focus was on the law—on defining legally the essence of insanity in a psychologically intelligible way, which includes culpability for bringing about the disability of mind, and on writing test instructions and procedures for adjudicating the matter fairly and coherently. What has been left out, and what still remains, is the matter of the psychological expert. What role is the psychological expert to play during the insanity drama and after?
Queering as Critical Practice in Reading Paradise Lost

Thomas H. Luxon’s “Queering as Critical Practice in Reading Paradise Lost” points to several ways Milton’s verse appears to invite queer reading practices. His piece focuses on Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost’s engagement with the origins of human sexuality establishes what Luxon calls “the (il)logic of the supplement,” by which the Genesis account of creation is recast as a supplement to the pre-beginning beings and places found in Milton’s epic. These pre-first entities introduce contradictions and paradoxes that encourage queer interpretation. Mining these moments and their investments in analogy and allusion, Luxon shows that the poem’s representations of marriage and sexual difference, in the context of God’s perfect solitude and/versus Man’s imperfect solitude, exemplifies one prominent strain of counter-normative poetics undermining biblical orthodoxy.
Impaired Neurocognitive Performance and Mortality in HIV: Assessing the Prognostic Value of the HIV-Dementia Scale.

This study examined whether global HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI), assessed with the HIV-Dementia Scale (HDS), predicted mortality in an ethnically diverse sample of 209 HIV-positive adults. Participants were predominantly in the mid-range of illness at baseline, and followed over 13-years. At baseline, 31 (15%) participants scored in the NCI range (HDS ≤ 10); 58 (28%) died during follow-up. Baseline NCI was significantly associated with earlier mortality (HR = 2.10, 95% CI [1.10–4.00]) independent of sociodemographic and HIV disease-related covariates. Less errors on the antisaccade task, an index of executive/attention control, was the only HDS subtest predicting earlier mortality (HR = 0.72, 95% CI [0.58–0.90]). In the absence of an AIDS-defining condition, NCI, particularly in the executive/attention domain, is an independent prognostic marker of mortality in a diverse HIV-positive cohort. These findings highlight the clinical utility of brief cognitive screening measures in this population.
Queer As a Verb: Critical Reflections on the Explode! queer dance festival

The Explode! queer dance festival was a continuation of the ongoing multimedia project that is Queer Dance, comprising a 2012 conference, the 2015 Confetti Sunrise dance series in Ann Arbor, MI, an...
New Remarks about Old Ideas of Kolmogorov

The famous Kolmogorov theory of universal small-scale structure of developed turbulence was presented in 1941 in two short notes. An important development of this theory was outlined in 1962 in one more short note which turned out to be his last paper on turbulence. Between the two mentioned notes of 1941 and the note of 1962 Kolmogorov published also seven less important notes devoted to this subject (all of them are referenced in my paper about A.N. Kolmogorov (Yaglom 1994)); only three of these notes were recommended by Kolmogorov for inclusion in his Selected Works published with commentaries by him and some of his students and colleagues in three volumes in Russian in 1985–87 by Nauka Press (English translation Kolmogorov (1991); all the papers on turbulence are in vol. 1 “Mathematics and Mechanic”). In spite of their small number, brevity and late years of appearance, his publications on turbulence continue until now to provoke numerous lengthly comments and discussions (see, e.g., the book edited by J.C.R. Hunt, O.M. Phillips and D. Williams (1991) and the book by Frisch (1995)). However, all the new publications did not produce a completely clear and fully satisfactory reformulation of the old ideas by Kolmogorov; actually, some of the new developments of Kolmogorov’s theory led to contradictory conclusions. Therefore, it seems reasonable to address here some questions relating to the present state of Kolmogorov’s theory of developed turbulence.
Experiment on the relationship between the dynamic range of hearing and psychophysical tuning curves

In this study, we hypothesized that improving the dynamic range of hearing for adults with hearing loss would improve spectral resolution by providing better audibility across frequency and—due to the higher sensation level—improved phase locking. However, limited outer hair cell (OHC) function and spread of excitation likely curtail the benefit of improved audibility on spectral resolution. In this experiment, the relationship of the dynamic range of hearing to measures of psychophysical tuning curves was quantified for 13 adults with hearing loss. Twenty-one adults with normal hearing served as controls. A dynamic range of hearing was manipulated by systematically adjusting hearing-aid gain and compression ratios. To better understand the mechanisms that support the encoding of spectral resolution with amplification, the behavioral data were modeled using a cochlear excitation model. For most listeners, the psychophysical tuning curves were similar regardless of changes in the dynamic range of hearing. For a subset of participants, tuning on the low frequency side improved as the dynamic range of hearing was increased—which could be accounted for in the model by residual OHC function. The model better accounted for unaided than aided measures of tuning.
Presentation to HIV care and antiretroviral therapy initiation and response in clinical practice from 2003 through 2013.

Universal HIV screening and treatment initiation of HIV-positive persons are well-established standards. However, late presentation to care is a barrier to early antiretroviral therapy (ART) and pr...
Pathogenesis, transmission and response to re-exposure of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats

Abstract The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has reached nearly every country in the world with extraordinary person-to-person transmission. The most likely original source of the virus was spillover from an animal reservoir and subsequent adaptation to humans sometime during the winter of 2019 in Wuhan Province, China. Because of its genetic similarity to SARS-CoV-1, it is likely that this novel virus has a similar host range and receptor specificity. Due to concern for human-pet transmission, we investigated the susceptibility of domestic cats and dogs to infection and potential for infected cats to transmit to naive cats. We report that cats are highly susceptible to subclinical infection, with a prolonged period of oral and nasal viral shedding that is not accompanied by clinical signs, and are capable of direct contact transmission to other cats. These studies confirm that cats are susceptible to productive SARS-CoV-2 infection, but are unlikely to develop clinical disease. Further, we document that cats develop a robust neutralizing antibody response that prevented re-infection to a second viral challenge. Conversely, we found that dogs do not shed virus following infection, but do mount an anti-viral neutralizing antibody response. There is currently no evidence that cats or dogs play a significant role in human exposure; however, reverse zoonosis is possible if infected owners expose their domestic pets during acute infection. Resistance to re-exposure holds promise that a vaccine strategy may protect cats, and by extension humans, to disease susceptibility.
Nano-safety research lessons for dealing with aerosol transmissions of COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which emerged in Hubei Province, China is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2) (Gorbalenya et al. 2020). A particularity of th...
Polymeric membranes for CO2 separation and capture

Abstract Over the past decade, CO2 separation and capture have become the new bandwagon for polymer science and membrane research. This review presents the fundamentals of CO2/gas separation in polymeric membranes and discusses how these principles underpin opportunities and challenges for post-combustion carbon capture (CO2/N2), hydrogen purification (CO2/H2), and natural gas and biogas sweetening (CO2/CH4). Emerging polymeric membrane materials are discussed, including a few polymers containing a high content of polar functional groups (i.e., ether oxygen-rich polymers and polymeric ionic liquids), shape-persisting glassy polymers (i.e., perfluoropolymers, thermally rearranged polymers, iptycene-containing polymers), and reactive polymers featuring facilitated transport. Moreover, the promising candidates for each CO2 separation application are highlighted. Finally, the permeability-selectivity data reviewed were plotted against their 2008 and 2019 upper bounds.
Comparative performance of between-population allocation strategies for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Vaccine allocation decisions during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have proven to be challenging due to competing ethical, practical, and political considerations. Complicating decision making, policy makers need to consider vaccine allocation strategies that balance needs both within and between populations. Due to limited vaccine stockpiles, vaccine doses should be allocated in locations where their impact will be maximized. Using a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model we examine optimal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine allocation decisions across two populations considering the impact of population size, underlying immunity, continuous vaccine roll-out, and heterogeneous population risk structure. We find that in the context of an emerging pathogen, where many epidemiologic characteristics might not be known, equal vaccine allocation between populations performs optimally in most scenarios. In the specific case considering heterogeneous population risk structure, first targeting individuals at higher risk of transmission or death due to infection leads to equitable resource allocation across populations.
Large paradoxical embolus through a patent foramen ovale following arteriovenous graft thrombectomy.

An 86-year-old man with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis with an arteriovenous fistula in his left upper extremity presented to his hemodialysis session with thrombosis of his arteriovenous fistula. The patient underwent surgical thrombectomy. The patient later showed evidence of peripheral embolization and livedo reticularis. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms revealed a large thrombus (5 × 2 cm) in the right atrium prolapsing to the left atrium via a patent foramen ovale and another thrombus adherent to the apical wall of the right ventricle. The thrombus in the left atrium was intermittently crossing the mitral valve and entering the left ventricle.
Recontextualizing Barstool Sports and Misogyny in Online US Sports Media

This critical qualitative case study interrogates the roles Barstool Sports and its founder, Dave Portnoy, serve in reaffirming the narrative power of conservative cultural ideology in mainstream U...
Role of nitric oxide in the reflex diuresis in rabbits during pulmonary lymphatic obstruction

The role of nitric oxide in the reflex diuresis in response to pulmonary lymphatic drainage was examined in anaesthetized, artificially ventilated New Zealand White rabbits. Pulmonary lymphatic drainage was obstructed by raising the pressure in a pouch created from the right external jugular vein. Pulmonary lymphatic obstruction resulted in a significant increase in urine flow from an initial control value of 8.9 ± 0.5 ml (10 min)−1 to 12.1 ± 0.6 ml (10 min)−1 during lymphatic obstruction (mean ±s.e.m.; n= 17, P < 0.001). This increase in urine flow was accompanied by a significant increase in the excretion of sodium. Additionally, renal blood flow remained unchanged during the increase in urine flow caused by lymphatic obstruction. Intravenous infusion of l-NAME, a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), abolished the reflex diuresis. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of the relatively selective neuronal NOS blocker, 7-nitroindazole also abolished the response. It was observed that infusion of a more soluble neuronal NOS blocker, 7-nitroindazole sodium salt (7-NINA), into the renal medulla also abolished the reflex diuresis. These findings suggest that the increase in urine flow in rabbits caused by pulmonary lymphatic obstruction is dependent upon the integrity of neuronal NOS activity within the renal medulla.
Prolactins of pregnancy and their cellular source.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the biochemistry, mechanism, and regulation of secretion along with the functions of the pituitary hormones prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH). The placentas of numerous species produce hormones that are structurally and functionally similar to the PRL and GH, which are 20–25K molecular weight proteins that regulate various processes, including mammary gland differentiation, steroidogenesis, somatic growth, and intermediary metabolism. The most extensively studied placental PRL-like hormones are the placental lactogens (PLs). The PLs differ from one another in size and primary function, and some species produce more than one hormone that is a PL. The chapter summarizes the nomenclature used to describe PLs in various species. The maternal component of the placenta—the decidua—also produces PRL-like substances in some species. The primate decidua secretes a molecule that appears to be structurally identical to pituitary PRL. The rat decidua produces a substance designated decidual luteotropin, which has PRL-like biological activity but is not identical to rat pituitary PRL.
Going Too Far: Language Limitations of Sports Talk Radio

Only one sports-talk radio station has ever been subject to an indecency enforcement action, WGR in Buffalo, NY. However, the Federal Communications Commission did not impose disciplinary penalties. This article compares that incident with the termination of Don Imus from WFAN in New York City following racially motivated comments that could not have been considered indecent. Both of these incidents occurred when “guy talk” became offensive to the larger public. While indecency regulations have helped to place some general limits on the sports-talk format, this article argues that economic and normative pressures constrain the content more than legal sanctions.
The Primary Structure of Porcine Pancreatic Ribonuclease II. THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE OF THE REDUCED S-AMINOETHYLATED PROTEIN

Abstract Porcine pancreatic ribonuclease is a glycoprotein in which the associated heteropolysaccharide is distributed among three side chains. The preceding paper describes experiments that established the amino acid sequences of glycopeptide fractions, isolated from a tryptic hydrolysate of the reduced, S-aminoethylated protein, which were representative of those regions of the molecule around the sites of carbohydrate-peptide attachment. In the present communication the isolation of tryptic peptides representative of the remainder of the amino acid residues in the single peptide chain is described. The amino acid sequences of these peptides were determined by conventional methods. The order in which the tryptic peptides occur in the molecule was established by a combined approach that involved the utilization of chymotryptic hydrolysis and selective cleavage with cyanogen bromide. Coupled with knowledge of the pairing of the half-cystine residues, the results establish the primary structure of the protein moiety in porcine pancreatic ribonuclease. Comparison of the structure with the structures of the bovine and rat enzymes clearly reveals those features of the ribonuclease molecule that are conserved during speciation. They comprise the residues of the substrate-binding and catalytic sites and the side chains that contribute to the formation of the hydrophobic core of the molecule.
Developmental Regulation of Epicardial Cell Adhesion and Coronary Vasculogenesis

Mutations in the gene encoding the TBX5 transcription factor cause Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS). Individuals with HOS exhibit structural congenital heart defects that affect formation of the pericardiu...