cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Quelling the “Unquiet Dead”: Popular Devotions in the Borderlands of the USSR

Communist ideology in the USSR envisioned a public sphere in which the presence of religious institutions and manifestations of belief were eliminated. However, lived religious practices circumvented or outright flouted Soviet secular mandates when it came to burial, funeral, and commemorative rites. Particularly after World War II, the Soviet state itself used commemorations of death, sacrifice, and transcendence in transformative rituals that made extensive use of the sacred. Such rituals privileged appeals to supernatural forces over those to an anthropomorphic God as worshiped in an institutional setting. Using ethnographic and archival sources, this chapter provides an analysis of the ritualization of death by those living in a state committed to promoting atheism and a supraethnic sense of nationality.
Anesthetic and pharmacologic considerations in perioperative care of obese children.

Abstract Purpose Anesthetic management of obese pediatric patients is challenging. With increasing prevalence of childhood obesity, more severely obese children with comorbidities present for surgery every day. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date comprehensive narrative review on the impact of pathophysiological changes imposed by pediatric obesity on the perioperative management of obese children, especially drug dosing. This knowledge is necessary to provide safe delivery of anesthesia for severely obese children. Source MEDLINE and PubMed peer-reviewed manuscripts in obesity and pediatric anesthesia. When there was no information in pediatric literature, we included adult studies in our review. Principal findings Defining obesity in a growing child is based on body mass index percentiles specific to age and sex. The precursors of adult obesity-related comorbidities are often seen in obese children. Respiratory and cardiovascular comorbidities increase perioperative risk in the severely obese child [>99th percentile]. Obstructive sleep apnea is highly prevalent and requires consideration of opioid sparing techniques and careful postoperative disposition. A detailed discussion on the effect of obesity on pharmacokinetics of different commonly used anesthetics and analgesics is presented, with current recommendations on dosing. Conclusion Optimal and safe anesthetic management of an obese child requires thoughtful pre-procedure assessment and meticulous perioperative management tailored to associated comorbidities, with heightened awareness of potential perioperative complications. There remains a need for improved guidelines for risk stratification, drug dosing and postoperative disposition in this patient population.
Pilot study of a multimodal intervention to enhance sexual function in survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND Although sexual dysfunction is common after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT), interventions to address sexual function are lacking. METHODS We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a multimodal intervention to address sexual dysfunction in allogeneic HCT survivors. Transplant clinicians screened HCT survivors ≥3 months post-HCT for sexual dysfunction causing distress. Those who screened positive attended monthly visits with a trained transplant clinician who: 1) performed an assessment of the causes of sexual dysfunction; 2) educated and empowered the patient to address his or her sexual concerns; and 3) implemented therapeutic interventions targeting the patient's needs. Feasibility was defined as having approximately 75% of patients who screened positive agreeing to participate and 80% attending at least 2 intervention visits. We administered the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sexual function and satisfaction measure, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate sexual function, quality of life (QOL), and mood, respectively, at baseline and 6 months postintervention. RESULTS Approximately 33.1% of patients (50 of 151 patients) screened positive for sexual dysfunction causing distress and 94.0% (47 of 50 patients) agreed to participate, with 100% attending 2 intervention visits. Participants reported improvements in satisfaction (P<.0001) and interest in sex (P<.0001), as well as orgasm (P<.0001), erectile function (P<.0001), vaginal lubrication (P = .0001), and vaginal discomfort (P = .0005). At baseline, approximately 32.6% of participants were not sexually active, compared with 6.5% after the intervention (P = .0005). Participants reported improvement in their QOL (P<.0001), depression (P = .0002), and anxiety (P = .0019). CONCLUSIONS A multimodal intervention to address sexual dysfunction integrated within the transplant clinic is feasible with encouraging preliminary efficacy for improving sexual function, QOL, and mood in HCT survivors. Cancer 2018;124:2438-46. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
The dynamin-cortactin complex as a mediator of vesicle formation at the trans-Golgi network

The conventional dynamins represent a family of large GTPases that are encoded by at leastthree distinct genes in mammalian tissue and contain four conserved domains; an N-terminal highly conserved tripartite GTP-binding domain located within the first 300 amino acids, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of 100 amino acids, a coiled-coil (CC) region and a modestly conserved proline-rich domain (PRD)attheCterminus. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated convincingly that dynamin bindstophosphoinositides via its PH domain (Salim etal. 1996; Zheng et al. 1996; Achiriloaieetal. 1999; Lee et al. 1999; Vallis et al. 1999), facilitating a direct interaction of dynamin with membranes. The CC domain has been characterized as a GTPase-effector domain (GED) (Sever et al. 1999), whereas the PRD has been shown to bind to multiple effector molecules (for a review of these see (2000a).
Propagation for the Wave Group of a Positive Subelliptic Second-Order Differential Operator

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses two propagation results, one local the other microlocal, for the wave group of a subelliptic nonnegative self-adjoint second order differential operator on a compact manifold. The degenerate constant coefficient operators and operators with involutive double characteristics are not included in the theorem presented in the chapter, because of the assumption of subellipticity. The chapter describes both forward-pointing and forward-null rays for the Hamiltonian in terms of the microlocal propagation cones, as rays do not have the natural bicharacteristic parametrization. The inner continuity of the cone fields leads to stability results for the rays they define.
The Heat Equation for the \(\overline \partial\)-Neumann Problem on Strictly Pseudoconvex Domains

The heat equation for the \(\overline \partial\)-Neumann problem on strictly pseudoconvex domains is a complex analogue of a classical problem in Riemannian geometry. In this section, we will describe some of the classical Riemannian results. To keep things simple, we will only talk about domains.
Phosphatases Driving Mitosis: Pushing the Gas and Lifting the Brakes

Entry into and progression through mitosis depends critically on the establishment and maintenance of protein phosphorylation. For this reason, studies on mitotic progression have focused heavily on the activation of MPF (M phase promoting factor), a cyclin-dependent kinase responsible for phosphorylating proteins that execute the dynamic events of mitosis. Recent work, however, has significantly expanded our understanding of mechanisms that allow accumulation of phosphoproteins at M phase, suggesting that mitotic entry relies not only on MPF activation but also on the inhibition of antimitotic phosphatases. It is now clear that there exists a separate, albeit equally important, signaling pathway for the inactivation of protein phosphatases at the G2/M transition. This pathway, which is governed by the kinase Greatwall is essential for both entry into and maintenance of M phase. This chapter will outline the molecular events regulating entry into mitosis, specifically highlighting the role that protein phosphorylation plays in triggering both MPF activation and the inhibition of phosphatase activity that would otherwise prevent accumulation of mitotic phosphoproteins. These intricate regulatory pathways are essential for maintaining normal cell division and preventing inappropriate cell proliferation, a central hallmark of cancer cells.
Perception and Its Causes

According to received opinion, causal and intentional theories of perception are opposed and even incompatible. From which one might expect that Husserlian phenomenology—as the intentional theory of mind par excellence—would also be causality’s harshest critic. Indeed, support for this view can be found throughout Husserl’s writings, from the early descriptive phenomenology, and its “bracketing” of causal questions along the lines of the Brentanoian distinction between descriptive and explanatory psychology; to the later transcendental phenomenology, with its notorious Weltvernichtung and claim that absolute consciousness is neither causally related to nor causally dependent upon anything in the world.
A Study on Music Genre Classification Based on Universal Acoustic Models.

Classification of musical genres gives a useful measure of similarity and is often the most useful descriptor of a musical piece. Previous techniques to use hidden Markov models (HMMs) for automatic genre classification have used a single HMM to model an entire song or genre. This paper provides a framework to give finer segmentation of HMMs through acoustic segment modeling. Modeling each of these acoustic segments with an HMM builds a timbral dictionary in the same fashion that one would create a phonetic dictionary for speech. A symbolic transcription is created by finding the most likely sequence of symbols. These transcriptions then serve as inputs into an efficient text classifier utilized to provide a solution to the genre classification problem. This paper demonstrates that language-ignorant approaches provide results that are consistent with the current state-of-the-art for the genre classification problem. However, the finer segmentation potentially allows for “musical language”-based syntactic rules to enhance performance.
Technoscience and Medicine

In an age that reconstructs itself historically and that attempts to deal with a postmodern condition in Lyotard’s sense [8], one would expect a recurrent interest in the scientific credibility of all areas of research and practice. If science is to mean anything special at all, one could argue, then it must distinguish itself from all other discourses and deliver highly valued “goods” in an unqualified manner. In short, the reliance that can be expected of science and its attendant technologies surpasses in principle and in practice all other forms of expression generated culturally, from the film industry to religions. The privilege granted science and technology is a modem phenomenon, one that can be traced to the vision of the Enlightenment, where reason and empirical experimentation were joined to apprehend diverse data and cull specific results and predictions to protect and improve the human condition. The scientific revolutions that began in the seventeenth century transformed not only the intellectual arena, but also the broad cultural expectations of the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. To a certain extent, and without disregard for numerous challenges —Romantic and Marxist — to the validity of science and its methods of inquiry, contemporary society remains enchanted and captivated by the great promises of the scientific era (especially since many of these great promises have been fulfilled, such as longer life expectancy, efficiency in food production, improved transportation, and communication techniques).
Assessment of Hospitalist-Subspecialist Agreement About Who Should Be in Charge and Comparison With Actual Assignment Practices

BACKGROUND: A key juncture in patient hospitalization is determining which type of physician should be primarily responsible for directing treatment. We (1) examine the frequency hospitalists and subspecialists agree on preferred assignments and (2) compare preferred assignment with actual assignment. METHODS: Using a mixed methods approach, we first surveyed 66 physicians in 8 specialties about hospitalist assignments versus subspecialist assignments for 176 diagnoses at an academic children’s hospital. Agreement was calculated by using the interrater reliability coefficient, Pi. We subsequently compared survey responses to actual hospitalization data from January 2009 to August 2015. RESULTS: Specialty and physician response rates were 100% and 44%, respectively. For preferred assignment among hospitalists and specialists, some diagnoses (eg, gastroesophageal reflux, syncope) experienced high agreement (π = 0.714–1.000); other diagnoses (eg, Guillain-Barre, encephalopathy) had less agreement (π = 0.000–0.600). Hematologists and oncologists agreed among themselves most frequently (73%); endocrinologists agreed among themselves least frequently (9%). Perceptions of agreement were often higher than actual survey results. Of the 25 highest volume diagnoses, 7 were conditions with consensus (Pi ≥ 0.6) about assignment, and of those conditions, 6 were assigned to a subspecialist at least 50% of the time, although consensus indicated a hospitalist should have been assigned (1597 hospitalizations). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study used to analyze preferences of hospitalist-subspecialist assignment and show variation from actual practice. Although physicians assessed the same patient information, agreement on preferred assignment varied noticeably across diagnoses and subspecialties. With our results, we reveal potential challenges in integrating hospitalists with other specialists and provide evidence for standardizing certain aspects of physician roles.
The Effect of the CdCl2 Heat Treatment on CdSexTe1-x Solar Cells

In this paper we report results on Cdxex'Iei.x based solar cells, fabricated by inter-diffusing CdTe/CdSe bilayers. The effect of the CdCh heat treatment (HT) carried out at various temperatures on bilayers with different CdSe thicknesses has been investigated. The CdCh HT temperature has been found to be critical for intermixing; to-date it has been shown that higher temperature leads to enhanced inter-diffusion, which also leads to higher short circuit current (Jsc) due to a decrease in the band gap of the absorber. Large CdSe thicknesses $(> 300_{\lrcorner}L)$ lead to lower open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF). Optimization of the annealing temperature and CdSe thickness has yielded cells with Voc $=850\mathrm{mV}, Jsc =26.3\mathrm{mA}/\mathrm{cm}^{2}, \mathrm{FF}=73$ % and efficiency 16.3%.
Synthesis of the C1-C19 Domain of Azaspiracid-34

Azaspiracid-34 (AZA34) is a recently described structurally unique member of the azaspiracid class of marine neurotoxins. Its novel structure, tentatively assigned on the basis of MS and 1H NMR spectroscopy, is accompanied by a 5.5-fold higher level of toxicity against Jurkat T lymphocytes than AZA1. To completely assign the structure of AZA34 and provide material for in-depth biological evaluation and detection, synthetic access to AZA34 was targeted. This began with the convergent and stereoselective assembly of the C1–C19 domain of AZA34 designed to dovetail with the recent total synthesis approach to AZA3.
Compositional phase stability of correlated electron materials within DFT +DMFT

Predicting the compositional phase stability of strongly correlated electron materials is an outstanding challenge in condensed matter physics, requiring precise computations of total energies. In this work, we employ the density functional theory plus dynamical mean-field theory ($\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}\mathrm{DMFT}$) formalism to address local correlations due to transition metal $d$ electrons on compositional phase stability in the prototype rechargeable battery cathode material ${\mathrm{Li}}_{x}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$, and detailed comparisons are made with the simpler $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}U$ approach (i.e., the Hartree-Fock solution of the DMFT impurity problem). Local interactions are found to strongly impact the energetics of the band insulator ${\mathrm{LiCoO}}_{2}$, most significantly via the ${E}_{g}$ orbitals, which are partially occupied via hybridization with O $p$ states. We find ${\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{Li}}_{1/2}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$ to be moderately correlated Fermi liquids with quasiparticle weights of 0.6--0.8 for the ${T}_{2g}$ states, which are most impacted by the interactions. As compared to $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}U, \mathrm{DFT}\text{+}\mathrm{DMFT}$ considerably dampens the increase in total energy as $U$ is increased, which indicates that dynamical correlations are important to describe this class of materials despite the relatively modest quasiparticle weights. Unlike $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}U$, which can incorrectly drive ${\mathrm{Li}}_{x}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$ toward spurious phase separating or charge-ordered states, $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}\mathrm{DMFT}$ correctly captures the system's phase stability and does not exhibit a strong charge-ordering tendency. Most importantly, the error within $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}U$ varies strongly as the composition changes, challenging the common practice of artificially tuning $U$ within $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}U$ to compensate the errors of Hartree-Fock. $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}\mathrm{DMFT}$ predicts the average intercalation voltage decreases relative to DFT, opposite to the result of $\mathrm{DFT}\text{+}U$, which would yield favorable agreement with experiment in conjunction with the overprediction of the voltage by the strongly constrained and appropriately normed DFT functional.
Probing Linear and Nonlinear Relations Among Schizotypy, Hypomania, Cognitive Inhibition, and Creativity

This study explored the relationship between schizotypy, hypomania, and indicators of creativity in 152 adult undergraduate students. We were interested in exploring a possible inverted U-shaped re...
Geographic-Specific Capture–Recapture Models Reveal Contrasting Migration and Survival Rates of Adult Horseshoe Crabs (Limulus polyphemus)

American horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) have varied migration patterns and harvesting pressure throughout their range, potentially leading to regional differences in population dynamics. Here, a multi-state mark–recapture model was used to estimate annual survival and exchange rates of adult horseshoe crabs across three geographic regions in Long Island, NY (South Shore, North Shore, and Jamaica Bay areas). Under the New York Horseshoe Crab Monitoring program, a total of 22,525 adult horseshoe crabs were tagged and 879 (3.9%) unique recaptures were observed from 2007 to 2016. Model-averaged annual survival in the North Shore population was higher at 68% (95% confidence interval (CI) 61.9–73.4) when compared to the South Shore (56.8%, 95% CI 51.1–62.2) and Jamaica Bay (54.5%, 95% CI 47.0–61.7) regions. Differences in survival between the North Shore and South Shore may reflect the greater harvest pressure directed along the South Shore. Contrary to expectations for a primarily closed region, Jamaica Bay survival was low, but not attributable to reported harvest related activities. Annual movement from the Jamaica Bay into the adjacent South Shore region was 19.8% (95% CI 13.1–28.9), but annual exchange rates ranging from 0.5 to 5.0% were observed between other regions. For example, movement from the South Shore and North Shore into Jamaica Bay was 3.5% (95% CI 2.3–5.9) and 0.5% (95% CI 0.0–1.0), respectively. There was strong support for sex-specific differences in survival, primarily driven by the low survival of females in Jamaica Bay (33.8%, 95% CI 21.1–50.5). Our findings reveal potential management implications, such as regional survival differences within a uniformly managed stock, and net emigration from a predominantly closed to open harvest region reducing the effectiveness of a protected area.
Omitted variable bias in studies of plant interactions

Models of plant-plant interactions underpin our understanding of species coexistence, invasive plant impacts, and plant community responses to climate change. In recent studies, models of competitive interactions failed predictive tests, thereby casting doubt on results of many past studies. We believe these model failures owe at least partly to heterogeneity in unmodeled factors (e.g., nutrients, soil pathogens) that affect both target plants and neighboring competitors. Such heterogeneity is ubiquitous, and models that do not account for it will suffer omitted variable bias. We used instrumental variables analysis to test for and correct omitted variable bias in studies that followed common protocols for measuring plant competition. In an observational study, omitted variables caused competition to seem like mutualism. In a quasi-experiment that partially controlled competitor abundances with seeding, omitted variables caused competition to seem about 35% weaker than it really was, even though the experiment occurred in an abandoned agricultural field where environmental heterogeneity was expected to be relatively low. Despite decades of research, consistently accurate estimates of competitive interactions remain elusive. The most foolproof way around this problem is true experiments that avoid omitted variable bias by completely controlling competitor abundances, but such experiments are rare.
Development of a Reproducible Swine Model of Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Lessons Learned.

Background Durability of mitral valve repair for ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) remains poor. We established a swine model of chronic IMR, and describe the methods and lessons learned from this model. Methods Thirty-five swine underwent percutaneous myocardial infarction with ethanol ablation of the circumflex or obtuse marginal (OM) arteries. Swine were followed with routine echocardiography for the development of severe IMR. Once severe IMR was established, swine underwent mitral valve operations on cardiopulmonary bypass. After operation, swine were survived up to 7 weeks. Angiographic and echocardiographic features of swine who developed severe IMR (IMR swine) and those who did not (non-IMR swine) were compared. Results The median number of OM arteries was 3, with 2 OM arteries infarcted. Acute survival after the myocardial infarction was 74% (26 of 35) with 3 (9%) early, postoperative deaths. Among the 23 swine with follow-up to determine IMR status, 14 of 23 (61%) developed significant IMR. Among IMR pigs, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction decreased from 65% pre-myocardial infarction to 45% pre-mitral valve intervention (P Conclusions A reproducible percutaneous model of severe IMR in swine is feasible with a guided anesthetic and perioperative approach. This model can serve as a platform to better understand the mechanism of IMR and subsequently to test novel repair techniques.
Impacts of form and design policies on urban microclimate: Assessment of zoning and design guideline choices in urban redevelopment projects

Abstract Urban form significantly impacts thermal conditions at the microscale. This research aims to understand how existing zoning regulations that prescribe urban form affect the microclimate of densely built redeveloped commercial and mixed-use urban areas. ENVI-met was used to simulate diurnal microclimatic conditions of two former indoor shopping malls in the Denver metropolitan area that were converted to walkable urban outdoor centers in the early 2000s – the 29th street Mall in Boulder, CO and Belmar in Lakewood, CO. Simulations were conducted for a typical summer day (June 29, 2015) and validated through on-site air temperature observations. To compare the impact of urban form on microclimate at both sites, four policy scenarios were developed to apply the hypothetical policy-driven morphology of one site to the other by changing building height, tree density, street direction, and a combination of the three factors. The combined scenario showed the largest differences in air temperature to the base case (up to 2.0 °C), which is in the order of magnitude of the RMSE (1.2 °C–2.4 °C). Site configuration influenced air temperature and wind speed creating hyperlocal cool and warm pockets. Mean radiant temperature (MRT) varied the most between the scenarios with differences of up to 15.0 °C due to tall buildings and increased shading. Urban form policies of Belmar contributed to more effective heat mitigation, particularly with respect to MRT. Findings from this empirical work demonstrate the importance of design guidelines and zoning to achieve desired microclimate outcomes and highlight the potential of planning policies to create climate-sensitive urban forms.
Impact of genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of myostatin in a murine model of osteogenesis imperfecta

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by compromised skeletal integrity, altered microarchitecture, and bone fragility. Current OI treatment strategies focus on bone antiresorptives and surgical intervention with limited effectiveness, and thus identifying alternative therapeutic options remains critical. Muscle is an important stimulus for bone formation. Myostatin, a TGF-β superfamily myokine, acts through ActRIIB to negatively regulate muscle growth. Recent studies demonstrated the potential benefit of myostatin inhibition with the soluble ActRIIB fusion protein on skeletal properties, although various OI mouse models exhibited variable skeletal responses. The genetic and clinical heterogeneity associated with OI, the lack of specificity of the ActRIIB decoy molecule for myostatin alone, and adverse events in human clinical trials further the need to clarify myostatin's therapeutic potential and role in skeletal integrity. In this study, we determined musculoskeletal outcomes of genetic myostatin deficiency and postnatal pharmacological myostatin inhibition by a monoclonal anti-myostatin antibody (Regn647) in the G610C mouse, a model of mild-moderate type I/IV human OI. In the postnatal study, 5-week-old wild-type and +/G610C male and female littermates were treated with Regn647 or a control antibody for 11 weeks or for 7 weeks followed by a 4-week treatment holiday. Inhibition of myostatin, whether genetically or pharmacologically, increased muscle mass regardless of OI genotype, although to varying degrees. Genetic myostatin deficiency increased hindlimb muscle weights by 6.9% to 34.4%, whereas pharmacological inhibition increased them by 13.5% to 29.6%. Female +/mstn +/G610C (Dbl.Het) mice tended to have similar trabecular and cortical bone parameters as Wt showing reversal of +/G610C characteristics but with minimal effect of +/mstn occurring in male mice. Pharmacologic myostatin inhibition failed to improve skeletal bone properties of male or female +/G610C mice, although skeletal microarchitectural and biomechanical improvements were observed in male wild-type mice. Four-week treatment holiday did not alter skeletal outcomes. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Temporal-Rate Encoding to Realize Unary Positional Representation in Spiking Neural Systems.

Unary representation is straightforward, error tolerant and requires simple logic while its latency is a concern. On the other hand, positional representation (like binary) is compact and requires less space, but it is sensitive to errors. A hybrid representation called unary positional encoding reduces the latency of unary computation and length of the encoded stream, thus achieves the compactness of positional representation while preserving the error tolerance of unary encoding. In this paper, we discuss the prospect of unary positional encoding in spiking neural systems by incorporating temporal and rate encoding.
Intended and Actual Changes in Study Behaviors in an Introductory and Upper-Level Psychology Course:

We examined self-directed studying of students in an introductory (Study 1) and upper-level (Study 2) psychology course. Students reported their study behaviors for Exam 1 and 2, and wrote Exam 2 s...
Kay annuloplasty of the tricuspid valve versus ring annuloplasty for repair of functional tricuspid regurgitation

Objective Ideal management of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) has been a matter of debate for a long time. We try to discuss the midterm results with tricuspid Kay annuloplasty versus ring tricuspid annuloplasty for the treatment of functional TR. Patients and methods From January 2015 to January 2019, 82 patients underwent tricuspid annuloplasty for functional TR as part of their cardiac surgical procedure. Kay annuloplasty was performed in 55 patients and ring annuloplasty in 27 patients. Preoperatively, patients had moderate or greater TR with a median regurgitation of +3. Follow-up information was obtained for the patients with a mean follow-up time of 3 years. Postoperative transthoracic echocardiograms were assessed for severity of TR. Moderate or greater TR was considered significant. Survival and development of recurrent TR were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiograms analysis. TR and risk factors for recurrent regurgitation were identified and analyzed. Results At 3 years postoperatively, TR in patients treated by Kay annuloplasty was zero to mild in 75%, moderate in 11%, moderate to severe in 6%, and severe in 8% of patients. In those undergoing ring annuloplasty, TR was zero to mild in 69%, moderate in 14%, moderate to severe in 7%, and severe in 10%. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Risk factors for recurrent TR included higher preoperative regurgitation grade, preoperative TR without concomitant mitral regurgitation, and higher pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Conclusion Kay annuloplasty and ring annuloplasty were effective in eliminating TR at 3 years postoperatively. Kay annuloplasty is a simple, inexpensive option for addressing functional TR. All patients with moderate-to-severe functional TR should undergo tricuspid annuloplasty regardless of the technique used.
Functional capacity assessment: Influence of behavioral and environmental factors

The environment surrounding the functional capacity evaluation (FCA) is complex and determined by both external factors as well as those specific to the testing situation. In this paper we (1) briefly review existing models of pain, (2) highlight how current FCAs of pain patients adhere in general to behavioral conceptualizations of chronic pain, (3) review some inadequacies of current conceptualizations of FCA when it applies to chronic pain, (4) review the many internal and external environmental factors that can significantly influence FCAs, and (5) consider some psychosocial factors that play an important role in patients' performances. We conclude that not only should evaluators more carefully consider the central influences of psychosocial factors when interpreting the results of FCAs, but that an alternate conceptual model that emphasizes both environmental and psychological factors is also needed to more adequately describe the physical performances obtained during FCAs.
Preface to 'Fundamentals of Sustainable Business: A Guide for the Next 100 Years'

Fundamentals of Sustainable Business begins by briefly describing the legacy of environmental and social problems that have arisen as a result of conventional business practices, and then details the coalescence of a broad-based contemporary movement that has been called “The Next Industrial Revolution”. Combining the long-term interests of business, community, and the natural world, the resulting sustainable business reformation is unlike any previous human endeavor. The book deftly synthesizes a diverse collection of movement components, including some original concepts, and provides a single comprehensive and definitive source for understanding the emerging and complex phenomenon of sustainable business. This work challenges many long-held conventional assumptions involving the relationship of the natural world and humankind as well as our fundamental approaches to industrial production. It critiques the various emerging brands of sustainable business activities, and provides the reader with a clear understanding of the essential design components of a movement that provides a conceptual infrastructure for a prosperous and healthy world for all generations of all species for all time.
TESTE DE DIFERENÇAS DE GÊNERO NA DEPRECIAÇÃO POR ATRASO DE DIFERENTES BENS USANDO UMA AMOSTRA DE UNIVERSITÁRIOS

Many studies have investigated how individuals discount delayed outcomes, but few, if any, have explicitly studied whether gender differences exist in discounting. The present study employed a university sample to complete a delay-discounting task that included the commodities of cigarettes, money (two amounts), the ideal body image, and the perfect mate. Significant gender differences were observed in discounting $100,000 and ideal body image, with females displaying a greater degree of discounting than males. Factor analyses on the measures of delay discounting across the different commodities yielded a similar factor structure between genders, suggesting that although the genders may sometimes differ in how they discount particular consequences, these differences are likely linked to state, not trait, variables. Keywords: Delay discounting; Gender differences; Money, Body Image, Factor analysis; College sample
Fibroblast adhesion to recombinant tropoelastin expressed as a protein A-fusion protein.

Abstract A bovine tropoelastin cDNA encoding exons 15-36 that includes the elastin-receptor binding site was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus. After isolation of the fusion protein by affinity chromatography on Ig-Sepharose, the tropoelastin domain was separated from plasmid-pR1T2T-encoded Protein A (Protein A') by CNBr cleavage. Cell-adhesion assays demonstrated specific adhesion to the recombinant tropoelastin. Furthermore, the data indicate that interactions involving the bovine elastin receptor mediate nuchalligament fibroblast adhesion to the recombinant protein. In agreement with earlier studies of fibroblast chemotaxis to bovine tropoelastin, nuchal-ligament fibroblast adhesion demonstrated developmental regulation of the elastin receptor.
Kinetic model of morphological instabilities in chemical vapor deposition

Abstract In this paper we use the ideas developed previously in describing a local equilibrium model of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to examine a kinetic model of CVD. The kinetic model incorporates the effects of surface diffusion, as did the local equilibrium model, but differs from the local equilibrium model in that binding of monomers to the substrate is irreversible and occurs via a first-order process. We characterize the stability of film growth at short times for a film starting with a planar interface using linear stability analysis. We also calculate the time evolution of non-planar interfaces for two- and three-dimensional systems well into the non-linear regime at longer times. Finally, we compare the behavior of the kinetic model with the local equilibrium model.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Configuration Interaction Calculations for Complex Atoms

Configuration interaction (CI) methods are the method of choice for the determination of wave functions for complex atomic systems from which a variety of atomic properties may be computed. When applied to highly ionized atoms, where few, if any, energy levels from observed wavelengths are available, the question arises as to how a calculation may be evaluated. Many different codes are available for such calculations. Agreement between the results from different codes in itself is not a check on accuracy, but may be due to a similarity in the computational procedures. This paper reviews basic theory, which, when applied in a systematic manner, can be the basis for the evaluation of accuracy. Results will be illustrated in the study of 4s24p5 (odd) and 4s24p44d (even) levels in W39+ and the transitions between them.
Exploring technological trends for patent evaluation

Patents are very important intangible assets that protect firm technologies and maintain market competitiveness. Thus, patent evaluation is critical for firm business strategy and innovation management. Currently patent evaluation mostly relies on some meta information of patents, such as number of forward/backward citations and number of claims. In this paper, we propose to identify patent technological trends, which carries information about technology evolution and trajectories among patents, to enable more effective and precise patent evaluation. We explore features to capture both the value of trends and the quality of patents within a trend, and perform patent evaluation to validate the extracted trends and features using patents in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the identified technological trends are able to capture patent value precisely. With the proposed trend related features extracted from our identified trends, we can improve patent evaluation performance significantly over the baseline using conventional features.
Stress orientations during Oligocene volcanism in Trans-Pecos Texas: Timing the transition from Laramide compression to Basin and Range tension

Orientations of dikes and hydrothermal veins indicate that east-northeast compression occurred during the main pulse of volcanism in west Texas 39 to 32 m.y. ago. Direction of compression was essentially the same as that during Eocene Laramide deformation. The observations support a continental-arc tectonic setting. The beginning of extension between 32 and 30 m.y. ago coincides with a regional change in style of magmatism from intrusions and eruptions spanning a wide range in chemical composition to basaltic volcanism in Texas and to bimodal but dominantly rhyolitic volcanism in northern Mexico.
Magnetic resonance imaging for quantifying regional adipose tissue in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons with the cardiometabolic syndrome.

In this technical brief, we describe a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique to quantify regional adipose tissue content using commercially available MR systems. An advantage of MRI over more conventional methods, such as anthropometry and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), for quantifying body fat content or body composition is that regional differences in fat or muscle distribution can be assessed. Computed Tomography (CT) can also provide reasonable estimates of regional adipose content, but it exposes the patient to potentially harmful ionizing radiation. MRI is a non-invasive technique that can quantify adipose tissue content using established clinical imaging sequences on standard 1.5T clinical MR systems in approximately 30 minutes. One potential shortcoming is that image analysis currently requires off-line processing with advanced non-standard software. However, these advanced image analysis tools are becoming available as a standard tool on newer clinical MR systems.
Temporal allocation of attention toward threat in individuals with posttraumatic stress symptoms.

Abstract Research suggests that individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) selectively attend to threat-relevant information. However, little is known about how initial detection of threat influences the processing of subsequently encountered stimuli. To address this issue, we used a rapid serial visual presentation paradigm (RSVP; Raymond, J. E., Shapiro, K. L., & Arnell, K. M. (1992). Temporary suppression of visual processing in an RSVP task: An attentional blink? Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance, 18 , 849–860) to examine temporal allocation of attention to threat-related and neutral stimuli in individuals with PTSD symptoms (PTS), traumatized individuals without PTSD symptoms (TC), and non-anxious controls (NAC). Participants were asked to identify one or two targets in an RSVP stream. Typically processing of the first target decreases accuracy of identifying the second target as a function of the temporal lag between targets. Results revealed that the PTS group was significantly more accurate in detecting a neutral target when it was presented 300 or 500 ms after threat-related stimuli compared to when the target followed neutral stimuli. These results suggest that individuals with PTSD may process trauma-relevant information more rapidly and efficiently than benign information.
Bending properties of wood treated with a new organic wood preservative system

Abstract This study investigated the effect of treatment of southern pine with a new generation, all organic wood preserving system on the mechanical properties in bending. Static bending tests showed no deleterious effects of treatment on property values when compared with untreated controls. Values for samples treated to 0.774 kg/m3 total active ingredients (ai) were lower when compared to a lower retention (0.184 kg/m3) or to a standard copper azole system, but were not different than water-treated controls.
THE INTERPERSONAL CIRCLE AT ZERO ACQUAINTANCE : A SOCIAL RELATIONS ANALYSIS

Abstract We used Kenny's (1994) social relations model to examine Kiesler's (1983) interpersonal circle at zero acquaintance. Consensus occurs when diverse observers form similar impressions of another person. Assimilation occurs when a person tends to see others in a consistent way. Same-sex groups of four or five unacquainted participants ( N = 188) rated themselves and the members of their group using the Impact Message Inventory. In the female groups, there was consensus for judgments of dominance, hostility, submissiveness, and friendliness and assimilation for judgments of friendliness. In the male groups, there was assimilation for judgments of dominance and friendliness, but no consensus. Self–other agreement occurred for dominant, hostile, and friendly in the female groups so that, for instance, women who saw themselves as friendly were likely to be seen as friendly by the other members of their group. Both men and women who rated themselves as friendly assumed that others were also friendly, and the men who rated themselves as hostile assumed that others were hostile. The results generally supported the structure of Kiesler's interpersonal circle.
P07-03. HIV gp120 interaction with CD4+ T cells induces local intracellular signaling and creates an F-actin depleted zone in the virological synapse

Results The data show that gp120 and ICAM-1 on the bilayers can induce the formation of a synaptic structure by noninfected CD4+ T cells with some characteristics of an immunological synapse (IS). There is a transient stop signal and the interface contains a central supramolecular activation cluster (cSMAC) of gp120-CD4 interactions surrounded by a peripheral supramolecular activation cluster (pSMAC) of ICAM-1-LFA-1 interactions. As with the IS, the cSMAC is also formed from microclusters that are enriched in active Src family kinases. However, while Src kinase signaling is suppressed in the cSMAC of the IS, the Src family kinases and other TCR signaling components remain active for a prolonged period in the cSMAC of the VS. Notably, the gp120-enriched cSMAC region of the VS is depleted of f-actin.
Cloning, sequencing, and mutagenesis of the cytochrome c4 gene from Azotobacter vinelandii: characterization of the mutant strain and a proposed new branch in the respiratory chain

Azotobacter vinelandii is a free-living, nitrogen-fixing bacterium with a branched electron transport chain terminating with two terminal oxidases, cytochromes d and o. Cytochrome o is thought to receive its electrons from cytochromes c. The gene encoding cytochrome c4 has been cloned and sequenced (termed the cycA locus). The deduced amino acid sequence contains a 20 residue signaling peptide sequence on the N-terminal end. Mutagenesis was performed by inserting a Kmr cassette into the structural gene. The subsequent mutant strains showed reduced amounts of cytochromes c (approximately 60% of wild-type levels) based on difference absorption spectra measurements. Heme staining confirmed the complete loss of cytochrome c4 protein in the mutant strains. These mutants could grow and respire normally, like the wild type, under both diazotrophic or non-diazotrophic conditions. Surprisingly, the cytochrome o terminal oxidase was still turning over in membranes from the cycA mutants as evidenced by substrate-reduced CO difference spectra and inhibition experiments with the use of the cytochrome o inhibitor, chlorpromazine. Still, the levels of oxidation by ascorbate-TMPD were greatly reduced in the cycA mutants. Therefore, it is proposed that cytochrome c4 does not exist in complex with cytochrome o as a multi-component terminal oxidase complex, yet still passes electrons to it in parallel like cytochrome c5, as opposed to in an obligate sequential manner with cytochrome c5. In this pathway the proposed new branch is at the ubiquinone to cytochromes c level.
Epigenomics: a roadmap, but to where?

Recently, the Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) allocated $190 million for an “Epigenomics” Roadmap initiative ([1][1]). As investigators in this area, we endorse the idea that chromatin biology is an appropriate, if not essential, area for the NIH to support, not only for its fundamental biological significance but also its relevance to human disease. Nonetheless, we believe that this initiative, at least in its current form, will not yield significant benefits. If the use of the term “epigenome” is intended to equate the value of this Roadmap initiative with the Human Genome Project, it fails on several grounds. First, it does not consider our current understanding of the roles of sequence-specific DNA recognition events and transcriptional networks in controlling epigenetic changes. A multifaceted effort that elucidates transcriptional circuits that tell us where and when signal-responsive, sequence-specific regulators function would be more useful for understanding cell type programming. Second, merely cataloging modification patterns offers comparatively little new or useful information. We already know that most genes are associated with one of a few patterns of chromatin modifications and that the patterns themselves do not tell us how that gene is regulated or how its expression state is inherited. Most histone modifications are highly dynamic and change rapidly in response to changes in signals that turn genes on or off. This initiative will divert substantial resources, enough to fund 200 multiyear individual grants. There is a notion favored by some that individual scientists need to be corralled to work together under a more rigid, directed framework to solve important problems. We disagree. Real innovation comes from the bottom up, and good science policy requires promoting the free market of ideas rather than central planning ([2][2]). 1. 1.[↵][3] NIH Roadmap for Medical Research ( ). 2. 2.[↵][4] Links to a full version of this letter and petition for readers to sign can be found at . [1]: #ref-1 [2]: #ref-2 [3]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1. in text" [4]: #xref-ref-2-1 "View reference 2. in text"