cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lipid composition of rat superior cervical ganglion.

Excised rat superior cervical ganglion were incubated in Krebs-Ringer solution, freeze-dried, and lipids extracted with chloroform: methanol (2∶1) v/v. Chromatography of lipid extracts in three separate thin layer chromatography solvents was accomplished on a single thin layer chromatography plate coated with acid-washed Silica Gel H. Individual lipids were eluted from the silica gel using a modified Swinny filter holder technique and transesterified with methanolic-BF3. Fatty acid methyl esters were separated and quantitated by gas liquid chromatography, while phospholipids were determined with a Malachite green dye organic phosphorus assay. Quantitation of neutral lipids was accomplished with a micro Liebermann-Burchard technique and sphingolipids estimated colorimetrically as free sphingosine. The composition of lipids from freezedried rat ganglia resembles the lipid composition of rat brain. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine represent 76% of the glycerolphosphatides. The sphingolipids were comprised primarily of sphingomyelin with moderate levels of cerebroside and sulfatide. Cholesterol was the predominant neutral lipid. The major phospholipid fatty acids included palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids.
A Temporal Continuity to the Vertical Organization of the Human Neocortex

Radial translaminar arrays of pyramidal cells-minicolumns-are a pervasive structural motif of placental mammalian neocortex, which are anticipated in the earliest stages of cortical development by the formation of ontogenetic cell columns comprising radial glial cells and associated radially migrating neurons. In the present study we examine the temporal continuity in these structures throughout development and aging. Computerized image analysis of micrograph Nissl-stained postmortem tissue produced estimates of the median free path through neuropil in the radial direction (parallel to pyramidal cell arrays) and in the tangential direction (parallel to the cortical surface). These data were modeled as a biphasic power law with respect to in utero development and postnatal age, multiplied by a decay factor. No significant change in the ratio of radial to tangential neuropil space was demonstrated in either the prenatal or postnatal sample population. Neuropil development follows a prenatal phase of cubic volumetric growth with a postnatal phase of linear volumetric growth. The data suggest the continuity of columnar structures from early in gestation through postnatal maturation.
Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring in improving glycemic control and reducing hypoglycemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Objective:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in improving glycemic control and reducing hypoglycemia compared to self-m...
Adenosine-5′-triphosphate-sulfurylase from Arabidopsis thaliana and Escherichia coli are functionally equivalent but structurally and kinetically divergent: Nucleotide sequence of two adenosine-5′-triphosphate-sulfurylase cDNAs from Arabidopsis thaliana and analysis of a recombinant enzyme

ATP-sulfurylase, the first enzyme of sulfate assimilation, catalyzes the formation of adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate from ATP and sulfate. Here we report that the higher plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, contains a three-member, expressed gene family encoding plastid localized forms of ATP sulfurylase. Three cDNAs from A. thaliana, designated APS1, APS2, and APS3, were isolated by their ability to functionally complement a met3 (ATP sulfurylase) mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). The nucleotide sequence of APS1 was reported previously (1). APS2 and APS3, reported here, have 476- and 465-codon open-reading frames encoding 53.6- and 52.0-kDa polypeptides, respectively. The translation products of both clones are highly homologous to APS1 (66 and 86% identity, respectively) over their entire lengths, including amino terminal sequences resembling transit peptides for plastid localization. Both clones are less homologous to MET3 (25 and 30% identity, respectively). Genomic blot analysis of A. thaliana revealed only three genes with homology to the APS cDNAs and RNA blot analysis showed that APS1 is the most highly expressed member of this gene family. The APS polypeptides share homology with ATP-sulfurylases from fungi, a marine worm and a chemoautotrophic bacterium, but, not from Escherichia coli or Rhizobium meliloti. Analysis of recombinant APS3 showed that the protein is structurally and kinetically similar to fungal ATP-sulfurylase, but very different from the E. coli enzyme. The APS3 polypeptide is a homotetramer with specific activities (mumol primary product x mg protein-1 at pH 8.0, 25 degrees C) for 2.9 for APS synthesis, 30.1 for molybdolysis, and 48.7 for ATP synthesis. Despite the sequence, structural, and kinetic differences between higher plant and E. coli ATP-sulfurylases, APS2 and APS3 are able to functionally complement E. coli cysD and cysN (ATP-sulfurylase) mutant strains.
IN VIVO INDUCTION OF 4‐THIOURIDINE‐CYTIDINE ADDUCTS IN tRNA OF E. COLI B/r BY NEAR‐ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION*

— Near-ultraviolet (near-UV; 320–405 nm) irradiation of Escherichia coli B/r induces the formation in vivo of 4Srd-Cyd adducts in transfer RNA, as evidenced by (1) fluorescence spectrum changes of tRNA extracted from irradiated cells and reduced with NaBH4, (2) thin-layer chromatography on cellulose of hydrolysates of trichloroacetic acid-precipitable extracts of irradiated cells, and (3) comparison of these findings with adduct formation induced by near-UV irradiation of purified mixed tRNA from E. coli. The kinetics of induction of the 4Srd-Cyd adduct in vivo, and the near-UV fluences required, provide strong support for our earlier hypothesis that formation of these adducts is responsible for near-UV-induced growth delay in E. coli.
Hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions that flare-up with scratching: Darier's sign

We present the case of a 40-year-old male with a past medical history of urticaria pigmentosa (UP) who presented for consultation to the Allergy clinic for an opinion of systemic mastocytosis. Previous workups included elevated serum tryptase level, UP on skin biopsy and an increased number of CD117-positive/CD25-positive mast cells on bone marrow biopsy. This case emphasizes the importance of physical findings such as Darier's sign in patients with hyperpigmented lesions, which virtually supports the diagnosis UP, raises the suspicion for systemic mastocytosis and guides further diagnostic evaluation. This case also outlines the management of systemic mastocytosis.
Studies on the Balantidium from the guinea‐pig

Observations indicate that this Balantidium from the guinea-pig is Balantidium coli, the form found in the pig and man. The lengths and breadths of this Balantidium and the ratios of length to breadth are very close to the measurements and ratios given by McDonald for B. coli. When plotted, the body lengths of the guinea-pig parasites appear in two groups, the smaller individuals being the exconjugants. Many of these exconjugants resemble Neiva's B. caviae. The structure of the Balantidium from the guinea-pig is essentially identical with that of B. coli as given by McDonald. Fission and conjugation of this ciliate follow the general course found in a number of other ciliates. During fission the micronucleus divides and the daughter micronuclei migrate to each end of the macronucleus before the latter divides. In conjugation there are two divisions of the micronucleus, one of these nuclei dividing to form the pronuclei. Pronuclear exchange and fusion are followed by a heteropolar division of the synkaryon, resulting in the formation of the new macronuclear and micronuclear anlagen. The parasite was found in the intestinal tissue of the host. No reproductive stages were found in the cysts. New hosts are invaded through contamination of the food and drink with the cysts.
Overview of the Sick Sinus Syndrome

1974;66;223-224 Chest William J. Mandel, Kanji Obayashi and Michael M. Laks Overview of the Sick Sinus Syndrome http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/66/3/223.citation can be found online on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services ) ISSN:0012-3692 http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml ( without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. reserved. No part of this article or PDF may be reproduced or distributed Chest Physicians, 3300 Dundee Road, Northbrook, IL 60062. All rights of been published monthly since 1935. Copyright1974by the American College is the official journal of the American College of Chest Physicians. It has Chest
Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia

Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia is an ectodermal dysplasia (ED) described once previously in two families who exhibited atrophic malar patches, sparse hair, conical teeth, dystrophic nails and hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles. We describe a boy who developed a blistering malar rash soon after birth. When examined at 11 months, and then at 27 months of age, he had persistent atrophic malar plaques that reddened with heat. He also showed nail dystrophy, sparse hair, lingual concavity of the incisors, a bifid maxillary incisor, a five-cusped molar, and hyperhidrosis of the palms and soles. In addition he had chronic tearing, photophobia, blepharitis, and a mild keratitis. After reviewing EDs with atrophic or scar-like skin changes, we believe this child most resembles the patients with odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia, although his eye findings are unique.
STRESS AND STRAIN ACTIVATED FRACTURE ELEMENTS2

The characteristics of fracture elements in which the activation criterion is either a critical stress and/or strain are described. Their possible effects on the properties of phenomenological rheological models are demonstrated in the case of simplified models subjected to hypothetical deformation, stress relaxation and creep tests. It is also shown that introduction of the double criterion to models could produce rheological response patterns, especially in creep, that are more consistent with those of real materials.
Supernatural Forces: Belief, Difference, and Power in Contemporary Works by Ethnic Women

The relationship between humans and their gods has always been a primary theme in literature. Until recently, however, books in the American literary canon have rarely been concerned with any supernatural beings other than the Judeo-Christian god. In this book Bonnie Winsbro moves beyond that narrow focus to examine the power of the supernatural in the works of six ethnic writers: Lee Smith's Oral History, Louise Erdrich's Tracks, Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony, Gloria Naylor's Mama Day, Toni Morrison's Beloved, and Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood among Ghosts. By selecting these authors, Winsbro provides a multicultural perspective - Appalachian, Native American, African American, and Chinese American - on the internal turmoil experienced by ethnic individuals when their belief systems clash with those of family, community, or dominant culture. Although their responses to such conflicts differ, Winsbro argues, all six authors believe that personal power is acquired through self-definition, the process by which one constructs one's own reality as a foundation for living in one's own center rather than on another's margins. By analyzing works that treat seriously a belief in such supernatural figures as witches, healers, and ghosts, Winsbro seeks to show that the contemporary world is not defined by one reality - a rationalistic, scientific reality, for example, or a Judeo-Christian reality - but by many realities. Indeed, acknowledging the coexistence, collision, and coalescence of multiple realities is one of the distinguishing features of postmodern life.
Direct Air Cooling of Electronic Components: Reducing Component Temperatures by Controlled Thermal Mixing

This paper discusses forced convection heat transfer in a channel populated with discrete components similar to those found in electronics cooling situations. The temperature rise of each component is expressed as the sum of two parts; its adiabatic temperature rise, T{sub ad} - T{sub in}, due to the thermal wakes of upstream components; and its self-heating temperature rise, T{sub c} - T{sub ad} due to its own power dissipation. A component's temperature can be reduced either by reducing the adiabatic temperature rise or the self-heating temperature rise, or both. This investigation concentrates on the former: reducing the adiabatic temperature rise through increased thermal mixing in the coolant flow. The temperature of the air near the components exceeds the mean temperature of the cooling fluid, often by a large amount. In the present work, small scoops were installed in regions of high temperature but low velocity fluid (i.e., in between rows of components rather than in the free stream) to augment thermal mixing and reduce the nonuniformity. This approach does not induce as large as a pressure drop as some conventional turbulators, for a given decrease in operating temperature. In the present work, the scoops reduced the adiabatic temperature rises bymore » 10 to 55%, resulting in up to 19% reduction in the overall temperature rise. The test section pressure drop increased 11%.« less
Erythropoietin: a novel therapy for hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy?

Perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in 1 to 3 per 1000 term births. HIE is not preventable in most cases, and therapies are limited. Hypothermia improves outcomes and is the current standard of care. Yet, clinical trials suggest that 44-53% of infants who receive hypothermia will die or suffer moderate to severe neurological disability. In this article, we review the preclinical and clinical evidence for erythropoietin (EPO) as a potential novel neuroprotective agent for the treatment of HIE. EPO is a novel neuroprotective agent, with remarkable neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects in animals. Rodent and primate models of neonatal brain injury support the safety and efficacy of multiple EPO doses for improving histological and functional outcomes after hypoxia-ischaemia. Small clinical trials of EPO in neonates with HIE have also provided evidence supporting safety and preliminary efficacy in humans. There is currently insufficient evidence to support the use of high-dose EPO in newborns with HIE. However, several on-going trials will provide much needed data regarding the safety and efficacy of this potential new therapy when given in conjunction with hypothermia for HIE. Novel neuroprotective therapies are needed to further reduce the rate and severity of neurodevelopmental disabilities resulting from HIE. High-dose EPO is a promising therapy that can be administered in conjunction with hypothermia. However, additional data are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of this adjuvant therapy for HIE.
Assessing Client Progress Session by Session in the Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder: The Social Anxiety Session Change Index

Frequent assessment during therapy can improve treatments and provide accountability. However, clinicians often do not monitor progress because of the time it takes to administer and score assessments. In response, the Social Anxiety Session Change Index (SASCI) was developed. The SASCI is a short, easily administered rating of subjective improvement that asks clients with social anxiety disorder how much they have changed since the beginning of therapy. Change on the SASCI was related to change in fear of negative evaluation, a core aspect of social anxiety, and to clinician-rated improvement, but not to ratings of anxiety sensitivity or depression. Because it is brief and easily interpretable, the SASCI can be used in a variety of clinical settings to monitor change across therapy. The SASCI is presented along with examples of how the information gathered from frequent administration can inform clinical practice.
Experimental impact-parameter-dependent probabilities for K -shell vacancy production by fast heavy-ion projectiles

The impact-parameter dependence of the probability for production of target $K$ x rays has been measured for oxygen projectiles on copper and for carbon and fluorine projectiles on argon at scaled velocities near 0.5. The O-on-Cu data were taken for 1.56-, 1.88-, and 2.69-MeV/amu O beams incident upon thin Cu foils. A thin Ar-gas target was used for 1.56-MeV/amu C and F beams, permitting measurements to be made for charge-pure ${\mathrm{C}}^{+4}$, ${\mathrm{C}}^{+6}$, ${\mathrm{F}}^{+9}$ and ${\mathrm{F}}^{+5}$ projectiles. Ar and Cu $K$ x rays were observed with a Si(Li) detector and scattered projectiles with a collimated surface-barrier detector. Comparison of the shapes of the measured $K$-vacancy-production probability curves with predictions of the semiclassical Coulomb approximation (SCA) shows adequate agreement for the O-on-Cu system. For the higher ratio of projectile-to-target nuclear charge ($\frac{{Z}_{1}}{{Z}_{2}}$) characterizing the C-on-Ar and F-on-Ar systems, the SCA predictions are entirely inadequate in describing the observed impact-parameter dependence. In particular, they cannot account for large probabilities found at large impact parameters. Furthermore, the dependence of the shapes on the projectile charge state is found to become pronounced at larger $\frac{{Z}_{1}}{{Z}_{2}}$. Attempts to account for this behavior in terms of alternative vacancy-production processes are discussed.
Two hypolipidemic agents, cholestyramine and niacin, affect the development and lipid content of Heliothis zea

Two vertebrate hypolipidemic agents, cholestyramine and niacin, affected the growth and development of Heliothis zea as well as the quantity of acylglyceride or sterol present in the larva. As the concentration of cholestyramine in the diet increased to 6.0%: the number of larval molts increased from 5 or 6 to as many as 7 or 8, the time required for the onset of pupation increased from 11 or 12 to 20 days, and the number of adults that emerged decreased from at least 70 to 0%. The growth and development of the insect may have slowed, at least in part, because this agent reduced the quantity of sterol and glyceride in the tissues of the larva. Niacin also affected the growth and development of the insect. As the concentration of niacin in the diet increased to 5.0%: the number of larval molts increased by 1, the time required for the onset of pupation increased to 21 days, pupal weight decreased significantly, but adult emergence was normal. The growth and development of the insect may have slowed, at least in part, because this agent caused sterol to accumulate in the hemolymph of the larva. A water-soluble component in the hemolymph also increased in the presence of niacin, but there was little or no change in the glyceride content. Further studies are warranted to determine the mode of action of these hypolipidemic agents in H. zea.
Effect of split doses of radiation on mutation frequency in rodent cell lines

Abstract Mutation frequencies in mouse cells and Chinese hamster cells were measured following single or split doses of UV light or X-rays. Split doses separated by a few to over 24h induced no more ouabain- or 6-thioguanine-resistanc mutants than did comparable single doses. These data lend no support to the possible existence of an inducible error-prone repair system in rodent cells.
The input of gaseous and particulate sulfur to a forest ecosystem

Sulfate is the predominant anion in precipitation entering the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, a northern hardwood forest in north-central New Hampshire. Sulfur is also the dominant element in airborne particulate matter. Losses of sulfur from the ecosystem in stream water exceed inputs in precipitation plus that released from weathering. Using the ecosystem method, it is possible to estimate (by difference) that 6.1 kg/ha/yr of sulfur is obtained from dry deposition on the ecosystem. The deposition velocity for particulate sulfur is estimated to be about 0.1 cm/s and the deposition velocity for sulfur dioxide is 0.9 cm/s. Some biogeochemical relationships of sulfur for the Hubbard Brook Forest are presented. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1978.tb00872.x
Neuroglobin and Alzheimer's dementia: Genetic association and gene expression changes

We previously reported strong genetic linkage on chromosome 14q to Alzheimer's disease (AD) using the presence of co-morbid hallucinations as a covariate. Those results suggested the presence of a gene increasing the risk for a genetically homogeneous form of AD characterized by the absence of comorbid hallucinations. Here we report our follow up of that study through the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five functional candidate genes. This work provides significant evidence of association for the gene coding for neuroglobin (NGB), a nervous system globin known to protect cells against amyloid toxicity and to attenuate the AD phenotype of transgenic mice. On further experiments we found that NGB expression is reduced with increasing age and lower in women consistent with their increased risk. NGB expression is up-regulated in the temporal lobe of AD patients consistent with a response to the disease process, as reported for NGB and hypoxia. We speculate that a compromised response due to DNA variation might increase the risk for AD. Our and others' data strongly support the involvement of NGB in AD.
The clinical applicability of nude figure drawings.

Summary Thirty-nine undergraduate male college students drew five figures — an automobile, a clothed male, a clothed female, a nude male, a nude female — while a continuous record of their GSR activation was obtained. Analysis of GSR data showed that activation differed significantly from the relatively neutral but equally difficult drawing (i.e., the automobile). Nude figure drawings differed significantly in GSR activation from clothed figure drawings. GSR responses of largest amplitude showed significant shifts from the largest responses occurring to secondary sexual bodily areas in the clothed drawings to primary sexual areas in the nude drawings. Only the clothed male and the nude male drawings differed significantly between groups judged different in psychosexual adjustment.
Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula : Suggested mechanism in faulty organogenesis

Abstract Background/Purpose : The organogenesis of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (EA-TEF) is unknown. Using an established model for EA-TEF in rats, the authors proposed to study this aberrancy of development in the hope of gaining insight into its mechanism of formation. Methods : Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 2.2 mg/kg of Adriamycin intraperitoneally on days 6 through 9 of gestation. Using microdissection, the trachea, blind-ending esophagus, TEF, and stomach were isolated from embryos of various gestional ages. The specimens were analyzed histologically with routine H&E staining. Results : The classic EA-TEF developed in the embryos, with proximal EA and distal TEF. As expected, the atresia formed as a blind-ending pouch, but the distal fistula began as an apparent equal trifurcation of the tracheal anlage into two mainstem bronchi and the fistula tract leading to the stomach. Histological analysis of the fistula tract showed respiratorylike pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Conclusions : TEF develops as the middle branch of a tracheal trifurcation. EA-TEF occurs by a primary atresia of the esophagus. As a secondary phenomenon, the distal foregut anlage is switched toward the pulmonary phenotype. It trifurcates, and its middle branch grows caudally to fistulize into the stomach.
Superstitious Responding and Reinforcement Rate Under Concurrent Variable-Interval Extinction Schedules

To examine superstitious responding, four pigeons key pecked under multiple concurrent variable-interval 45 s variable-interval 90 s concurrent variable-interval 90 s variable-interval 180 s schedules in the absence of a changeover delay. The two variable-interval 90 s schedules then were replaced by extinction, and key-peck responding during extinction was examined as a function of the prevailing reinforcement rate. During the first several sessions, extinction-key responding was maintained closer to baseline levels in the presence of the higher reinforcement rate, and this effect dissipated or even reversed with continued exposure to extinction. Although extinction-key responding generally decreased to near-zero levels after several sessions, in a few instances, it continued for 30 and 45 sessions. These results demonstrate how concurrent variable-interval extinction schedules can be used to investigate what often has been labeled superstitious responding.
Spatial variability of sulfur dioxide and sulfate over complex terrain in East Tennessee, USA

Abstract In 2004 and 2005, the East Tennessee Ozone Study (ETOS) enhanced its regional measurement program with annular denuder systems to quantify sulfur dioxide (SO2) and PM2.5 sulfate (SO42−) at five sampling sites that were representative of the complex terrain and physiographic features of East Tennessee. Intersite spatial variability was more defined for SO2 than for SO42−, which showed a fairly uniform structure in both daytime and nighttime measurements. Pollution roses indicated that two sites may have been influenced by the proximity of SO2 emission sources. The data suggest that SO2 is affected by nearby sources in the study area while the sources of SO42− are regionally distributed.
Markets in Real Electric Networks Require Reactive Prices

Differences in locational spot prices in an electric network provide the natural measure of the price for transmission. The ubiquitous problem of loop flow requires different economic intuition for interpreting the implications of spot pricing. The DC-Load model is the usual approximation for estimating spot prices, although it ignores reactive power effects. This approximation is best when thermal constraints create congestion in the network. In the presence of voltage constraints, the DC-Load model is insufficient, and the full AC-Model is required to determine both real and reactive power spot prices.
Nuclear medicine techniques in breast imaging

Progress has been made in anatomic imaging with mammography, ultrasound, and MRI, but the noninvasive differentiation of malignant from benign breast masses is an unmet goal. Most breast biopsies still are performed in patients with benign disease. Improved nuclear medicine imaging devices, better radiopharmaceutical agents, and new methods of guiding biopsies and surgery are being developed, signaling a growing role for nuclear medicine techniques. The use of dual-photon positron emission tomography and single-photon imaging are discussed as a means of imaging both primary and regionally metastatic breast cancers.
Prothrombin gene mutation G20210A, homocysteine, antiphospholipid antibodies and other hypercoagulable states in ocular thrombosis

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether using an extended panel of laboratory tests increases the detection of a hypercoagulable state in patients with ocular thromboses. Twenty consecutive patients with ocular thromboses (vein, artery, or choriocapillaris occlusions) underwent testing for activated protein C resistance/factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and deficiencies of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin. For each patient, we selected two age-matched and gender-matched individuals without ocular thromboses as controls. Sixteen of the 20 patients (80%) had one or more laboratory tests that supported a hypercoagulable condition. Prothrombin G20210A (P < 0.02) and hyperhomocysteinemia (P < 0.0006) were significantly more frequent in ocular thrombosis patients compared with controls. The most common condition was antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, present in 40% of patients (confirmed by repeat testing at least 6 weeks later), but this did not reach statistical significance compared with the controls. No patients with ocular thromboses had hereditary abnormalities of protein S, protein C, or antithrombin. In conclusion, an extended panel of laboratory tests improved the detection of a hypercoagulable state in ocular thromboses. Testing for homocysteine, antiphospholipid antibodies, and the prothrombin G20210A mutation should be considered in patients with ocular thromboses.
A MACSYMA solution to problem 8

Fitch's Random Walk problem [2], strikes the author as one of the first in the series of SIGSAM problems which may be used to demonstrate the ease of use of the various algebraic manipulation systems. In our case little effort was expended to speed up the computation, and yet we were able to generate all the terms one could desire in a few minutes. On the other hand, the solution of the problem is not so transparent as to obviate the calculation. It is a happy day for algebraic manipulation systems when it only takes a few minutes to go from the statement of a problem to its solution.
Recurrent Anaplastic Ependymoma Metastatic to the Neck: Case Report and Literature Review

s available upon request. Poster# SM9 Special thanks to Thomas O’Brien, MD for assistance with histologic slides. Low power H&E stain showing hypercellularity of the tumor Increased mitotic activity noted on high power Multiple metastatic lymph nodes marked on patient pre-operatively Right post-auricular lymph node on CT
Encapsulation, diffusion and diet in the electron microscope

Abstract Observations of a large number of different oxides in the electron microscope clearly indicate that a crucial role is played by the presence or absence of encapsulating layers, either amorphous carbon, graphitic carbon or damaged metallic regions produced by DIET of the oxygen, and point defect diffusion in the subsurface region. In the presence of an encapsulation layer DIET slows by a factor which is related to the point defect migration through this layer.
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the problem of wetting fronts in one-dimensional, horizontal and infinite porous media

Abstract The asymptotic behavior of solutions to the problem of wetting fronts is studied in one-dimensional, horizontal and infinite porous media with the soil-water diffusivity proportional to some power of the water content. The uniqueness of the similarity solution for the problem is studied and the properties of this solution are presented. It is shown that the similarity solution is an asymptotic solution of a wide class of initial value problems of wetting fronts in the media. The use of the similarity solution is discussed for the experimental determination of the soil-water diffusivity.
A Methodology for Building Faculty Support for the United Nations Principles for Responsible Management Education

Evidence from extant literature indicates that faculty support is a critical driver for implementing the United Nations Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME), particularly for scho...
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors treatment effects on auditory measures in depressed female subjects.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the auditory effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), known to enhance serotonin (5-HT) transmission in the brain. The experimental group consisted of 14 clinically depressed female subjects, and the control group consisted of 11 non-depressed females. A battery of tests was administered to the experimental group while on and off of SSRI medication. The control group was also administered the test battery twice. Results indicated no significant differences in the control group between sessions. The experimental group showed significantly smaller transient evoked emissions, higher SCAN-A (auditory processing test) composite scores, and smaller amplitude growth functions for Auditory brainstem response peak V and Auditory late response peak N 1 P 2 while on SSRI medication. The increased 5-HT levels in the presence of SSRI (due to reduced reuptake of 5-HT) may be contributing to the significant changes seen in auditory measures with the experimental group.
Natural disasters — a microbe's paradise

Abstract Natural disasters can serve as a microbe's paradise. Various infectious diseases have been reported as a result of flooding, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, and droughts. Crowded living conditions, disruption in water supplies, and downed electrical services due to disasters can contribute to the spread of infectious agents. This article will focus on the occurrence of infectious diseases associated with natural disasters.
A freeze‐fracture study of the guinea pig yolk sac epithelium

The yolk sac epithelium functions in endocytic absorption of macromolecules from the uterine lumen and in maintaining permeability barriers between the maternal (uterine) compartment and underlying fetal compartments. In this study, cell membranes and intercellular junctions of the guinea pig yolk sac were examined using the freeze-fracture technique. Intramembranous particle (IMP) distribution and size were examined in microvilli, intermicrovillous membrane, and endocytic pits. IMPs on the P-fracture face were not evenly distributed within these membrane domains and the IMPs were of several sizes. In addition, short filamentous strands sometimes bridged between the cytoplasm and the E-face of endocytic pit membranes. These results indicated that the regions of yolk sac cell membrane involved in endocytosis did not have unusual numbers or distributions of IMPs compared to other membrane regions. The intercellular junctions between endoderm cells consisted of zonulae occludentes, gap junctions, and desmosomes. The zonula occludens usually consisted of four or five interconnected strands or ridges, and were elaborately developed where three cells abutted one another. Gap junctions were infrequent, small, and often associated with the zonula occludens. Desmosomes were observed both as typical macular structures and as more extensive, elongated structures. These results confirm previous thinsection studies of yolk sac indicating the presence of tight junctions. However, the extent of development of tight junctions does not correlate with the reported absence of a potential difference across yolk sac epithelium. The presence of gap junctions does not confirm results of previous freeze-fracture studie sof other yolk sacs.
Inhibition of Secreted Phospholipase A2 by Proanthocyanidins: A Comparative Enzymological and In silico Modeling Study

Secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2) plays a critical role in mobilizing arachidonic acid in phospholipids. We have previously reported that PLA2 is inhibited by B-type proanthocyanidins (PaCs). To further understand the inhibitory activity of these compounds, we compared the inhibitory potency of B-type PaCs to that of A-type PaCs and modeled them with PLA2 using in silico techniques. The B-type trimer and tetramer inhibited PLA2 (IC50 = 16 and 10 μM). The A-type compounds were less potent (18–35% inhibition at 50 μM). The active site of PLA2 lies in a hydrophobic tunnel. Modeling studies revealed that the B-type PaCs occupy this tunnel and are stabilized by a number of van der Waals interactions. The result is reduced substrate access to the active site. The A-type compounds can occupy this tunnel only by shifting the N-terminal loop outward. Our data provide a structural basis to screen additional PaCs for anti-PLA2 activity.
Books and other reading materials in early monroe county, Indiana

SUMMARY This paper analyzes the availability of books and other reading materials in Monroe County, Indiana, through 1850. It examines both unpublished and published primary sources as well as secondary sources to reveal that books and reading were part of life on the western frontier.
Survey of the Spanish Language Press in the United States

THE Spanish language press in this country consists of approximately 160 newspapers and magazines. Of these, twenty-five belong to the Catholic and Protestant religious press and fifty-seven are trade or professional journals. This leaves seventy-eight periodicals belonging to what can be styled the "regular" press, which forms the subject of this survey. The religious and commercial journals can well be made the subjects of separate surveys as each of these two fields is sufficiently vast in itself. That part of the Spanish press which makes use of the commonly accepted sources of news, the Associated Press and the United Press, is so much like the ordinary run of newspapers in English in this country that there is not much to be said of one that cannot apply to all. Such papers usually give a very conservative "slant" to the news and follow an "orthodox" line which often causes quite similar lurid headlines to appear simultaneously in all parts of the country. For this reason, this survey will give a little more interest to those papers which are different from those of the ordinary run. From what follows we can see that the Spaniards, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans and other Latin Americans resident in this country are far from being in agreement on many fundamental concepts of the day. There is, however, one point on which most of them can agree. That is the necessity of combatting racial discrimination and, to a lesser degree, religious discrimination such as is practiced quite freely on Latin Americans, particularly in the Southwest, but also to quite an extent in New York City. Throughout the Southwest the Spanish language press is best represented in the state of Texas, which has a total of thirty-four Spanish publications. The Mexican element in Texas is found chiefly along the Rio Grande and south of a line running from Galveston in the east to El Paso in the west. The total Spanish speaking population of the state is estimated at 300,000, about one sixth of the Spanish speaking population in the entire country. Twelve of Texas' thirty-four Spanish publications are in the area containing one of the largest concentrations of Mexicans anywhere in the state, in the southeast corner next to the Mexican border. In this area, extending 150 miles along the Texas coast north of the Rio Grande, and inland to a distance of about seventy-five miles, we find Spanish publications
A 3-D finite element for laminated composites with 2-D kinematic constraints

Abstract In this paper, a new 3-D element (3DLC) is presented for the analysis of laminated composite shells. The new element expedites the modeling process by presenting the designer with an intuitive physical interpretation for the different components of the model. The element is compatible with conventional 3-D continuum elements. It can represent arbitrarily curved shells with variable number of layers and variable thickness. Each element has a small number of degrees of freedom which facilitates its incorporation in commercial finite element codes. Aspect ratio limitations and shear locking of conventional 3-D continuum elements have been eliminated by using the kinematic constraints of layer-wise constant shear theories. The formulation and simple validation problems are presented.
Algebraic cycles and the classical groups. I: real cycles

Abstract The groups of algebraic cycles on complex projective space P (V) are known to have beautiful and surprising properties. Therefore, when V carries a real structure, it is natural to ask for the properties of the groups of real algebraic cycles on P (V) . Similarly, if V carries a quaternionic structure, one can define quaternionic algebraic cycles and ask the same question. In this paper and its sequel the homotopy structure of these cycle groups is completely determined. It turns out to be quite simple and to bear a direct relationship to characteristic classes for the classical groups. It is shown, moreover, that certain functors in K-theory extend directly to these groups. It is also shown that, after taking colimits over dimension and codimension, the groups of real and quaternionic cycles carry E∞-ring structures, and that the maps extending the K-theory functors are E∞-ring maps. This gives a wide generalization of the results in (Boyer et al. Algebraic cycles and infinite loop spaces, Invent. Math. 113 (1993) 373.) on the Segal question. The ring structure on the homotopy groups of these stabilized spaces is explicitly computed. In the real case it is a simple quotient of a polynomial algebra on two generators corresponding to the first Pontrjagin and first Stiefel–Whitney classes. These calculations yield an interesting total characteristic class for real bundles. It is a mixture of integral and mod 2 classes and has nice multiplicative properties. The class is shown to be related to the Z 2 -equivariant Chern class on Atiyah's KR-theory.
Solubility and surface spectroscopy of zinc precipitates on calcite

The Sorption and precipitation of Zn was investigated in equilibrium calcite (CaCO3(s)) suspensions at Zn concentrations that approached and exceeded the solubility of known zinc carbonate solids. Surface-enhanced precipitation was not observed and CaCO3(s) did not nucleate Zn solids when the aqueous ion activity product (IAP) was below the equilibrium IAP of the least soluble, kinetically viable Zn phase. The CaCO3(s) surface was not requisite for Zn precipitation. When CaCO3(s) was present the precipitate formed a surface coating or discrete Zn particles bound to the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry of both Zn-treated CaCO3(s) and isolated Zn particles implied, but did not confirm, that the precipitate was hydrozincite [Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2(S)] or its hydrated form. Zinc-treated calcite maintained Zn concentrations that agreed with the solubility of a synthetic hydrozincite measured by Schindler et al. (1969). Direct measurements showed that the equilibrium solubility of the precipitate exceeded that of a natural hydrozincite (log IAP = a5Zn2+a2CO2−3a6H+ = 6.41 ± 0.51) and was less than a natural smithsonite (log IAP = aZn2+aCO2−3 = −10.53 ± 0.10). It is suggested that a poorly ordered form of hydrozincite that regulates Zn activities at higher levels than well-crystallized natural varieties readily precipitates in CaCO3(aq)CaCO3(s) systems. The environmental significance of this phase is unknown.
Stress-induced dissociations between intracellular calcium signaling and insulin secretion in pancreatic islets

In healthy pancreatic islets, glucose-stimulated changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) provide a reasonable reflection of the patterns and relative amounts of insulin secretion. We report that [Ca(2+)]i in islets under stress, however, dissociates with insulin release in different ways for different stressors. Islets were exposed for 48h to a variety of stressors: cytokines (low-grade inflammation), 28mM glucose (28G, glucotoxicity), free fatty acids (FFAs, lipotoxicity), thapsigargin (ER stress), or rotenone (mitochondrial stress). We then measured [Ca(2+)]i and insulin release in parallel studies. Islets exposed to all stressors except rotenone displayed significantly elevated [Ca(2+)]i in low glucose, however, increased insulin secretion was only observed for 28G due to increased nifedipine-sensitive calcium-channel flux. Following 3-11mM glucose stimulation, all stressors substantially reduced the peak glucose-stimulated [Ca(2+)]i response (first phase). Thapsigargin and cytokines also substantially impacted aspects of calcium influx and ER calcium handling. Stressors did not significantly impact insulin secretion in 11mM glucose for any stressor, although FFAs showed a borderline reduction, which contributed to a significant decrease in the stimulation index (11:3mM glucose) observed for FFAs and also for 28G. We also clamped [Ca(2+)]i using 30mM KCl+250μM diazoxide to test the amplifying pathway. Only rotenone-treated islets showed a robust increase in 3-11mM glucose-stimulated insulin secretion under clamped conditions, suggesting that low-level mitochondrial stress might activate the metabolic amplifying pathway. We conclude that different stressors dissociate [Ca(2+)]i from insulin secretion differently: ER stressors (thapsigargin, cytokines) primarily affect [Ca(2+)]i but not conventional insulin secretion and 'metabolic' stressors (FFAs, 28G, rotenone) impacted insulin secretion.
Subconjunctival latex paint from occupational injury.

Abstract Background Accidental eye trauma with spray guns are rare, but potentially very serious, injuries. Although it is agreed that these injuries require immediate and vigorous therapy, the specifics of such therapy are poorly defined. With latex paint sprayer injuries to hands and extremities, resulting chemical-induced inflammation, high-pressure necrosis, ischemic necrosis, and gangrene require surgical debridement and possibly, amputation. With eye injuries, treatment is directed at preservation of vision, as there is a potential risk of visual loss. Objective There is currently no consensus on optimal treatment of ocular spray paint injuries. Here we propose a management approach to ocular spray paint injuries with a successful outcome in the case reported. Case Report We report the first case, to our knowledge, of an industrial airless spray gun injury that resulted in subconjunctival deposition of latex paint in a soft contact lens wearer. Vision was preserved with medical management consisting of irrigation and topical corticosteroids, antibiotics and cycloplegics. Conclusion Although latex paint spray gun injuries to the eye are not encountered frequently in practice, this case shows that conservative medical management with no surgical intervention is effective for ocular injuries with preserved vision.
Adaptive Multicast with Power and Rate Control Over Fading Channels in Mobile Wireless Networks

The paper proposed a power and rate adaptation scheme for multicastings in wireless networks by taking advantage of the broadcast nature of wireless channels. Specifically, the proposed scheme aims at achieving high system goodput by dynamically allocating the transmit power and data transmission rate jointly based on all multicast receiver's channel state information (CSI). Formulating the multicast goodput maximization problem to derive the rate and power adaptation policy, we observe that this goodput maximization is a non-concave optimization problem. By identifying the fact that the optimal power policy has the water-filling form, and introducing the concept of effective marginal goodput gain, the original goodput maximization was converted into an equivalent concave optimization problem, and then obtain its optimal solution. Also presented are the simulation analyses which show the performance improvement gained by our developed optimal power and rate adaptation policy.
Effect of optical saturation on hyperfine intensities in optogalvanic spectroscopy

The hyperfine structure of the 22 125-cm−1, 2D3/2°←2D3/2 lutetium transition has been examined by both Fourier-transform emission and laser optogalvanic spectroscopy. The component intensities of the Fourier-transform spectrum closely agree with classical intensities. The optogalvanic spectra show progressively larger deviations from classical intensities as the laser power is increased. Introduction of a single optical saturation parameter into the intensity formula is sufficient to fit the observed intensities even at high laser powers. These spectra were used to derive accurate values for the 175Lu line origin, the upper-state hyperfine constants of 175Lu, and the isotope shift between 176Lu and 175Lu.