cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Application of the [3H]Leucine Incorporation Technique for Quantification of Bacterial Secondary Production Associated with Decaying Wetland Plant Litter

The radiolabeled leucine incorporation technique for quantifying rates of bacterial production has increased in popularity since its original description for bacterioplankton communities. Prior studies addressing incorporation conditions (e.g., substrate saturation) for bacterial communities in other habitats, such as decaying plant litter, have reported a wide range of final leucine concentrations (400 nM to 50 microM) required to achieve saturation-level uptake. We assessed the application of the [(3)H]leucine incorporation procedure for measuring bacterial production on decaying wetland plant litter. Substrate saturation experiments (nine concentrations, 10 nM to 50 microM final leucine concentration) were conducted on three dates for microbial communities colonizing the submerged litter of three emergent plant species (Typha angustifolia, Schoenoplectus validus, and Phragmites australis). A modified [(3)H]leucine protocol was developed by coupling previously described incubation and alkaline extraction protocols with microdialysis (500 molecular weight cutoff membrane) of the final radiolabeled protein extract. The incorporation of [(3)H]leucine into protein exhibited a biphasic saturation curve, with lower apparent K(m) values ranging from 400 nM to 4.2 microM depending on the plant species studied. Upper apparent K(m) values ranged from 1.3 to 59 microM. These results suggest differential uptake by litter-associated microbial assemblages, with the lower apparent K(m) values possibly representing bacterial uptake and higher apparent K(m) values representing a combination of both bacterial and nonbacterial (e.g., eukaryotic) uptake.
University presidential rhetoric and the 2008–2009 economic crisis

This paper reports on a study of Association of American Universities university presidents' public communications in response to the 2008–2009 economic crisis. The authors present findings from a thematic analysis of 111 letters. The authors highlighted 22 themes and present them within three major categories: factors external to the university; factors reflecting the internal workings of the university; and the impact of the university's actions on a number of its constituents. The results of the study provide insight into the communicated impact of the financial crisis on higher education institutions and further the discussion of the role of the president in times of crisis.
A Psychometric Review of Career Assessment Tools for Use With Diverse Individuals

This paper briefly reviews the career-related issues facing employees with diverse surface characteristics (e.g., race/ethnicity, women, older workers, individuals with physical disabilities) and w...
GENTRIFICATION, REINVESTMENT, AND DISPLACEMENT IN BALTIMORE

This study examined the recent literature on gentrification and analyzed four census tracts in a gentrifying area in the City of Baltimore. The author employed data from the 1980 and 1990 censuses ...
Selectivity of ferric enterobactin binding and cooperativity of transport in gram-negative bacteria.

The ligand-gated outer membrane porin FepA serves Escherichia coli as the receptor for the siderophore ferric enterobactin. We characterized the ability of seven analogs of enterobactin to supply iron via FepA by quantitatively measuring the binding and transport of their 59 Fe complexes. The experiments refuted the idea that chirality of the iron complex affects its recognition by FepA and demonstrated the necessity of an unsubstituted catecholate coordination center for binding to the outer membrane protein. Among the compounds we tested, only ferric enantioenterobactin, the synthetic, left-handed isomer of natural enterobactin, and ferric TRENCAM, which substitutes a tertiary amine for the macrocyclic lactone ring of ferric enterobactin but maintains an unsubstituted catecholate iron complex, were recognized by FepA (Kd ’ 20 nM). Ferric complexes of other analogs (TRENCAM-3,2-HOPO; TREN-Me-3,2-HOPO; MeMEEtTAM; MeME-Me-3,2HOPO; K3MECAMS; agrobactin A) with alterations to the chelating groups and different net charge on the iron center neither adsorbed to nor transported through FepA. We also compared the binding and uptake of ferric enterobactin by homologs of FepA from Bordetella bronchisepticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium in the native organisms and as plasmid-mediated clones expressed in E. coli. All the transport proteins bound ferric enterobactin with high affinity (Kd 50 pmol/min/10 9 cells) in their own particular membrane environments. However, the FepA and IroN proteins of S. typhimurium failed to efficiently function in E. coli. For E. coli, S. typhimurium, and P. aeruginosa, the rate of ferric enterobactin uptake was a sigmoidal function of its concentration, indicating a cooperative transport reaction involving multiple interacting binding sites on FepA.
Renal Colic and Obstructing Kidney Stones: Diagnosis and Management

Renal colic describes the acute, severe, and paroxysmal pain caused by obstruction of the urinary tract. Pain perceived as renal colic may stem from a variety of urologic and non-urologic conditions with a broad list of differential diagnoses encompassing numerous organ systems and pathological mechanisms. Careful evaluation with a thorough history and physical exam, as well as laboratory and imaging studies, is necessary to exclude life-threatening conditions and make a definitive diagnosis of an obstructing ureteral stone. Most cases can be treated expectantly with medical management, but urgent intervention with retrograde ureteral stenting or placement of a percutaneous nephrostomy tube may be necessary. In the post-acute setting, definitive treatment may be accomplished on an outpatient basis utilizing a modality commensurate with the clinical parameters, equipment and facility availability, and preferences of the physician and the patient.
Careers and Noncommunication: The Case of Academic and Applied Marketing Research:

The communication gap between academic and practitioner marketing researchers is explored; its source is traced to differences in career patterns of the two branches of the field. Some suggestions ...
CONTROL OF SATELLITE FORMATIONS

This paper develops further a new concept for controlling satellite formations by considering the J2 perturbation. The relative orbits considered here are perturbations of periodic orbits obtained from Hill's equations. A novel, disturbance accommodating control design process is presented for minimizing the total fuel consumption for the formation and maintain equal, average fuel consumption of each satellite, over a desired period of time. This is achieved by introducing small, periodic variations in the mean orbital elements of each satellite. The reference relative orbit is modified to take into account the eccentricity of the primary orbit. Results indicate that intelligent cancellation of the disturbance for formation control can be achieved with an average of 13% reduction in the impulse required compared to the "brute force" approach. The maximum impulse reduction for specific satellites can be of the order of 38%.
Synthesis, Properties, and X-ray Structural Study of Me2In(C5H5)

The compound Me2In(C5H5) has been prepared by a metathetical reaction between Me2InCl and Li(C5H5) in THF solution and by a methane elimination reaction between InMe3 and C5H6 at 145−160 °C in a sealed tube and fully characterized. An X-ray structural study identified an infinite linear polymer with cyclopentadienide units bridging InMe2 moieties through the 1 and 3 positions of the ring. Bridging is sufficiently strong to prevent melting before thermal decomposition at 195−200 °C and to make the compound insoluble in all solvents except those that are good Lewis bases such as THF. The compound exists in THF solution as an equilibrium mixture of Me2In(C5H5)·THF, MeIn(C5H5)2·THF, and InMe3·THF according to its 1H NMR spectrum.
Analysis on the published papers of Haizhu CDC in Guangzhou 2006-2010

[Objective]To analyze the published papers and authors of Haizhu center for disease control and prevention(CDC) during 2006-2010,provide the reference for making a plan of research management and personnel training. [Methods]Literature quantitative analysis and health statistics methods were used to analyze the data. [Results]During 2006-2010,a total of 127 papers were published in 38 kinds of periodicals.Among them,15.7% were published in Chinese core periodicals,and 66.7% were cited at least one time.26.0% were published in the Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology,and the Occupation and Health.34.6% of papers researched in field of disease control and prevention.63.0% of copyright authors were 30-39 years old,83.5% had an undergraduate diploma,and 45.7% had medium professional title.61.7% have published at least one paper in 5 years. [Conclusion]In recent years,the quantity and quality of published papers written by professionals of Haizhu CDC have improved.The middle-aged professionals who have an undergraduate diploma and medium professional title are the mainstay in Haizhu CDC.In the future,it is necessary to enforce the training of leading academic team,carry out the relevant measures,combine the prompting mechanism and policy restriction,so as to improve the amounts or quality the of the papers.
Surgical approach to severely symptomatic newborn infants with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve.

The surgical management of severely symptomatic newborn infants with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve has been controversial, and the results of a variety of operative approaches have not been satisfactory. We report on a technique for the treatment of these patients, which consists of (1) ligation of the main pulmonary artery to eliminate pulmonary regurgitation, excessive right ventricular stroke output, and secondary pulmonary artery dilatation and airway obstruction and (2) insertion of a subclavian–pubnonary artery polytetrafluoroethylene shunt to provide pulmonary blood flow. The procedure was used in four neonates. Two patients operated on at 2 and 3 days of age are doing well 15 and 19 months postoperatively. The other two, operated on at 3 and 4 weeks of age after unsuccessful prolonged medical treatment and positive-pressure ventilation, failed to show long-term improvement and died of sepsis and respiratory failure 3 and 5 months after operation. This experience, though limited, suggests that early surgical intervention to control pulmonary regurgitation prevents progressive pulmonary artery dilatation and secondary bronchial compression, decreases the need for prolonged preoperative and postoperative ventilation, and improves the outcome of these critically ill neonates.
On Stabilization of Decentralized Systems Across Analog Erasure Links

We consider decentralized control of a process with multiple sensors, controllers and actuators interconnected by analog erasure links. To stabilize the process, feedback information has to be transmitted over both implicit signaling channels through the process and over external erasure channels. However, the signaling is complicated by the fact that in the absence of guaranteed acknowledgments, the transmitter cannot be certain that the receiver has received the intended data. Based on a data flow network model, a necessary condition for the mean squared stabilizability is obtained. Stabilizing algorithms are then designed to prove the sufficiency of the condition.
Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases modulate proline transport across the renal brush-border membrane

The cellular mechanisms controlling reabsorption of amino acids in the renal proximal tubule are unknown. Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases modulate the activity of several ion channels and carriers in the kidney. The role of these enzymes in regulating tubular amino acid transport has not been established. We investigated the effect of Ca(2+)- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) on Na(+)- and Cl(-)-dependent proline transport across the rat renal brush-border membrane (BBM). Bioassays utilizing selective peptide substrates for Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases demonstrated the presence of PKC and CaMK II in the BBM. Renal brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) were phosphorylated using the "hyposmotic shock" technique. Endogenous (membrane-bound) CaMK II and PKC, as well as exogenous, highly purified PKC inhibited NaCl-linked proline uptake by phosphorylated, lysed/resealed BBMV compared with control vesicles. The inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on proline transport, without the presence of other kinase activators, was mediated by activation of endogenous CaMK II. The CaMK II- and PKC-induced inhibition of proline uptake was reversed by the specific kinase inhibitor peptides CaMK II-(281-302) and PKC-(19-31), respectively. These data suggest that Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation inhibits NaCl-dependent proline transport across the tubular luminal membrane.
Plaque Assay for Bacteriophage

The plaque assay, an indispensable tool for the study of bacteriophage, was described in the earliest publications on the discovery of these viruses. The plaque assay was validated as showing that a single phage infecting a bacterium was sufficient to initiate formation of a plaque, because there was linear proportionality between the plaques observed and the dilution of the phage sample. However, the “efficiency of plating” of a bacteriophage preparation can vary extensively depending on conditions, especially the bacterial host strain. Varying susceptibility of different bacterial strains to different bacteriophage in fact was exploited for many years in the identification of bacteria, in a procedure called “phage typing.” Dilution fluid can be the growth medium for the host bacteria, but since this would be wasteful and expensive, in practice a simpler liquid diluent is used. Different phage exhibit different morphologies in plaque assays. Some plaques are small and clear, with sharply defined borders.
Cross Talk Between Snail and Mutant K-Ras Contributes to Pancreatic Cancer Progression

Patients with pancreatic cancer, which is characterized by a pronounced fibro-inflammatory reaction, often present with metastases. A critical step in cancer metastasis is epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which can be orchestrated by the Snail family of transcription factors. Significantly, mutations in K-ras are seen in >90% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. In this chapter, we review the cross talk between Snail and mutant K-ras in regulating pancreatic cancer progression. We examine how the interplay between Snail and mutant K-ras mediates EMT, regulates fibrosis and inflammation in pancreatic tumors, and contributes to the generation of pancreatic cancer stem-like cells. We briefly also review the role of additional EMT-regulating transcription factors in pancreatic cancer progression.
Secrets Revealed, Feelings Moralized: Girls’ Confessional Intimacy and Emotional Agency

Following a discussion of sexual agency vis-a-vis music, I explore the intimacy-building consequences of melodramatic confession, along with the agential nature of feelings. This chapter argues that moral feelings function as emotional agency, the consequence of confessional revelations that expose secret social taboos. Bronte’s and Meyer’s female characters rely on feelings to determine a course of action once their Byronic bad boys expose their secret identities. In the first Twilight film, vampiric imagery accelerates the intensity of Bella’s commitment to Edward and, consequently, the viewer’s understanding of the protagonist’s moral feelings. The force of both Jane’s and Bella’s feelings, especially frustration, shines a critical light on social restrictions facing girls.
In-School Reform in High-Need Schools

The Common Core State Standards Initiative has provided renewed impetus to school reform. Common Core State Standards (CCSS) are intended to more clearly align the school curriculum in English-language arts and mathematics with the expectations of colleges, workforce training programs and employers. They are also intended to promote equity through the provision of quality education to all Americans (NGACBP, 2010).
Opistognathus ensiferus , a new species of jawfish (Opistognathidae) from the Gulf of Mannar, India, with redescription of O. solorensis Bleeker.

A new species of jawfish, Opistognathus ensiferus n. sp., is described based on a single specimen from Manauli Reef in the Gulf of Mannar, India. It is a member of a species group that also includes Opistognathus solorensis Bleeker (Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan and Palau) and O. verecundus Smith-Vaniz (northwestern Australia). From these two species O. ensiferus n. sp. differs in lacking dark oral pigmentation, except inner lining of upper jaw and adjacent membranes with a single dark stripe (vs. two stripes) and in having a lateral line ending below the 6th or 7th segmented dorsal-fin ray (vs. below the 1st to 4th ray). Opistognathus solorensis is redescribed and in the absence of extant type specimens a neotype is designated. Two strikingly different color morphs are documented for O. solorensis , including the less common one which is almost entirely yellow.
Hemostatic Factors Regulate Immune Surveillance and Contribute to the Rapid Clearance of Bacterial Pathogens In Vivo.

Abstract The local activation of coagulation system proteases and secondary deposition of fibrin may constitute important “danger” or “damage” signals that promote leukocyte activation events at sites of infection or injury. Consistent with this general hypothesis, we previously showed that mice expressing a mutant form of fibrinogen lacking the leukocyte integrin receptor αMβ2-binding motif displayed compromised clearance of bacteria in a model of S. aureus-induced peritonitis. Here, we show that mice with a complete genetic deficiency in fibrinogen (Fib−/−) show an even more profound sensitivity to S. aureus peritonitis. Fib−/− mice were found to succumb to bacterial doses that were rarely fatal in wildtype mice following intraperitoneal injection of wildtype S. aureus. This profound difference in survival profile was also seen when mice were challenged with S. aureus lacking either the bacterial fibrinogen-receptor (ClfA) or the bacterial prothrombin activator, coagulase. These results indicate that efficient bacterial clearance in control animals is related to host leukocyte engagement of fibrin(ogen) as opposed to bacterial engagement of this hemostatic factor. Following intraperitoneal inoculation with one billion CFU of S. aureus, control mice successful cleared >99% of the bacteria within 1 hour, whereas the number of bacteria retrieved within peritoneal lavage fluid of Fib−/− mice remained similar to the original input CFU. Microscopy studies and bacterial fate studies revealed that the rapid loss of viable bacteria in control animals was not due to either fibrinogen-dependent dissemination to other tissues nor the simple association of live bacteria with peritoneal surfaces. Neutrophils and macrophages appear to participate in early bacterial clearance in animals of both genotypes, but these cells appear to be overwhelmed and engorged with microbes in Fib-/− mice. Leukocyte composition and trafficking into the peritoneal cavity was not appreciably altered in fibrin(ogen)-deficient mice. Furthermore, B cells, T cells, mast cells and complement factors C3 and C5 were not found to be major factors in the fibrinogen-dependent bacterial clearance. Taken together, the available data indicate that a failure to fully implement leukocyte-mediated antimicrobial mechanisms is the primary impediment to bacterial clearance in Fib−/− mice. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that leukocyte engagement of provisional fibrin matrices within challenged tissues is a critical parameter in leukocyte “target recognition” in vivo.
Designerly Pick and Place: Coding Physical Model Making to Inform Material-Based Robotic Interaction

To study how designers explore ideas when making physical models we ran an experiment in which architects and undergraduate students constructed a dream house made of blocks. We coded their interactions in terms of robotic pick and place actions: adding, subtracting, modifying and relocating blocks. Architects differed from students along three dimensions. First, architects were more controlled with the blocks; they used fewer blocks overall and fewer variations. Second, architects appear to think less about house features and more about spatial relationships and material constraints. Lastly, architects experiment with multiple block positions within the model more frequently, repeatedly testing block placements. Together these findings suggest that architects physically explore the design space more effectively than students by exploiting material interactions. This embodied know-how is something next generation robots will need to support. Implications for material-based robotic interaction are discussed.
Pulse Contrast Measurement on the NIF Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) Laser System

Accurate characterization of pulse contrast for high peak power lasers is critical to the success of experiments exploring inertial confinement fusion. The Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) laser at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a petawatt class laser system that produces pulses in the picosecond regime for the creation of diagnostic x-rays. ARC leverages four of the NIF’s beamlines for final amplification while implementing a separate front-end and pre-amplification stage, known as the High-Contrast ARC Front End (HCAFE). To characterize pulse contrast at the output of HCAFE, a means of measurement at long times (>500 ps) has been developed using a photodiode that has achieved a dynamic range of over 100 dB and 125 dB after deconvolution. Within hundreds of picoseconds of the main pulse, a commercial third-order cross-correlator (Amplitude Technologies Sequoia) is used to characterize the pulse contrast. Together, these diagnostics provide the necessary data for ensuring pulse contrast requirements can be met on ARC. Efforts were made to mitigate existing pre-pulses and to increase the stability of the system as a long-term operational companion to the NIF. We describe the development and testing of the photodiode diagnostic and the analysis of the data resulting from contrast measurements. Details are also provided regarding the identification and mitigation of pre-pulses within the HCAFE system.
Implementing a Contributory Scoring Approach for the GRE® Analytical Writing Section: A Comprehensive Empirical Investigation

In this research report, we present an empirical argument for the use of a contributory scoring approach for the 2-essay writing assessment of the analytical writing section of the GRE® test in which human and machine scores are combined for score creation at the task and section levels. The approach was designed to replace a currently operational all-human check scoring approach in which machine scores are used solely as quality-control checks to determine when additional human ratings are needed due to unacceptably large score discrepancies. We use data from 6 samples of essays collected from test takers during operational administrations and special validity studies to empirically evaluate 6 different score computation methods. During the presentation of our work, we critically discuss key methodological design decisions and underlying rationales for these decisions. We close the report by discussing how the research methodology is generalizable to other testing programs and use contexts.
Conectando el pasado con el presente: la antropología histórica de la producción de metal a pequeña escala en Porco, Bolivia

Andeanist archaeologists have the opportunity to participate in the development of an historical anthropology (Lightfoot 1995) in which archaeological research on the post-conquest era connects the prehispanic past with the present. This essay seeks to contribute to this type of archeology by examining data produced by the Archaeological Project Porco - Potosi in investigating Porco, a mining center in Bolivia, 35 km southwest of Potosi, whose main objective is to investigate the organization of silver production under the different political and economic systems that have characterized the region. Mining has been important in Porco since the Inka era, when it provided silver to adorn the Koricancha in Cusco. It continues today in the form of zinc mining carried out by an international company, Sinchi Wayra, and several local cooperatives. The archaeological record in Porco can thus inform us of continuities and changes in mining activities over the past 500 years. In addition to the Spanish conquest, another important historical rupture in Porco’s mining industry occurred in the late nineteenth century, when tin and zinc mining funded by foreign enterprises replaced the former system of silver extraction by forced labor. Despite fundamental differences between the two forms of production, archaeological survey and excavations carried out by the project indicate that both systems were characterized by k’aqcheo – the “theft” of high quality ore - associated with small-scale silver production using technology such as the native huayrachina. In contrast to mining in the United States and other wealthy countries, the ongoing process of development in Bolivia in the mining sector is not a unilinear march towards “modern” industry, but a series of complicated interactions between companies and miners involving both competition and interdependence.
Quantifying behavior to solve sensorimotor transformations: advances from worms and flies

The development of new computational tools has recently opened up the study of natural behaviors at a precision that was previously unachievable. These tools permit a highly quantitative analysis of behavioral dynamics at timescales that are well matched to the timescales of neural activity. Here we examine how combining these methods with established techniques for estimating an animal's sensory experience presents exciting new opportunities for dissecting the sensorimotor transformations performed by the nervous system. We focus this review primarily on examples from Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster-for these model systems, computational approaches to characterize behavior, in combination with unparalleled genetic tools for neural activation, silencing, and recording, have already proven instrumental for illuminating underlying neural mechanisms.
Involvement and Influence of Healthcare Providers, Family Members, and Other Mutation Carriers in the Cancer Risk Management Decision‐Making Process of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers

Deciding between increased cancer screening or prophylactic surgery and the timing of such procedures can be a difficult and complex process for women with BRCA mutations. There are gaps in our understanding of involvement of others in the decision-making process for women with BRCA mutations. This study evaluated the management decision-making process of women with BRCA mutations, focusing on the involvement of others. Grounded theory was used to analyze and code risk management decision-making information from interviews with 20 BRCA mutation carriers. Unaffected at-risk participants with a BRCA mutation, those under age 40, and those with no children described having a difficult time making risk management decisions. Physicians were an integral part of the decision-making process by providing decisional support and management recommendations. Family members and other mutation carriers filled similar yet distinct roles by providing experiential information as well as decisional and emotional support for carriers. Participants described genetic counselors as short-term providers of risk information and management recommendations. The study findings suggest that unaffected at-risk women, women under 40, and those who do not have children may benefit from additional support and information during the decision-making process. Genetic counselors are well trained to help women through this process and connect them with resources, and may be under-utilized in long-term follow-up for women with a BRCA mutation.
Elections Have Consequences for Student Mental Health: An Accidental Daily Diary Study.

Polling suggested that the 2016 United States presidential election affected citizens' mood and stress levels. Yet, polling often fails to employ repeated measurement designs that can capture pre- ...
Government and Manufacturing: “Don’t Just Stand There, Undo Something”

Most discussions of public policy toward manufacturing wind up urging the federal government to do more to make U.S. industry competitive in the world economy. That is not the approach that experience favors, or that I am here to promote.
Telehealth/Internet Services for Children, Adolescents, and Families

As technology advances, innovative methods of service delivery become available. Telehealth, or the use of technology to provide health-related services, is emerging as a potential avenue for the provision of health and mental health services. As the word suggests, the term “telehealth” was originally coined to describe the provision of health services at a distance. Today, however, the term has come to describe not just the provision of services at a distance, but also the use of various forms of technology to assist in the provision of medical, health, and mental health services. The movement to develop telehealth programs likely was motivated by several factors. The first factor was the lack of local or easily available services for large segments of the population. Good examples of this phenomenon are military personnel, prisoners, and rural residents, citizens who would otherwise have difficulty receiving specialty services due to inaccessibility of providers. A second factor was the need to provide services in a more efficient, cost-effective way. One way that telehealth could help in this regard is that it can allow for a single provider to consult with patients in various locations without the need to travel, thereby saving both time and travel costs. Finally, a need to support isolated providers or consumers has led to a desire to use technology to enhance or supplement traditional services. For example, online support groups may provide a supplemental service to people who already receive psychotherapy, or can serve as a way to provide collegial support to isolated psychotherapists.
Feminist Theory: Ecofeminist and Cultural Feminist

Just as there are a variety of feminisms and feminist theories, there are a variety of ecofeminisms and ecofeminist theories. A common thread among ecofeminist, including cultural feminist, theories is a twofold commitment to the historical connections between the domination of women and the domination of nonhuman nature, and to the need for liberating, nondominating theories about ‘women’ and ‘nature.’ This article explores the varieties of ecofeminist theories, locating cultural feminism as a distinct form of ecofeminism. It reveals similarities and differences among ecofeminist theories, and suggests probable directions for future ecofeminist theory and research.
Femoral Neck Fractures in the Elderly

WO is a 65-year-old female who presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of left hip pain after falling on an icy surface. She is an independent community ambulator and denies any other injuries or pain. On presentation, she demonstrates a GCS of 15 and denies any loss of consciousness. On primary survey, her airway is patent, and she is hemodynamically stable. On Secondary survey, she demonstrates severe pain with manipulation of the left hip. Her secondary survey is otherwise negative.
Ethyl Alcohol Use

Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance during pregnancy. Heavy maternal ingestion causes fetal anomalies and can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome, characterized by impairments in neurobehavioral and physical development. All pregnant women should be screened for heavy alcohol use. Therapy to prevent alcohol withdrawal is required, although obstetric management differs little than that of the nonalcoholic parturient. Altered responses to anesthetic drugs can be anticipated.
Rapid conjugation of nanoparticles, proteins and siRNAs to microbubbles by strain-promoted click chemistry for ultrasound imaging and drug delivery

A new strategy using catalyst-free strain-promoted alkyne–azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) “click” chemistry for the ligation of anti-cancer drug-loaded nanoparticles, functionalized proteins, and siRNA conjugated micelles to microbubbles (MB) was established. The results showed fast ligation within 5 min without sacrificing microbubble size and density. The ultrasound test showed good imaging abilities of the microbubbles after functionalization. This microbubble–therapeutic SPAAC “click” conjugation developed in the current study involves no toxic catalyst or initiator, has ultra-fast reaction speed, and is versatile for the ligation of various anti-cancer or therapeutic agents to microbubbles. These advantages render the SPAAC click strategy promising for broad applications in ultrasound-guided imaging and therapeutic delivery.
Early Soviet Visual Antireligious Propaganda: The Display of Print Images in the Past, Present and Digital Future

ABSTRACTThis study examines information about the display of early Soviet visual anti-religious propaganda in the past in order to conceptualize its re-presentation in the digital future. Based on ...
A stochastic operational model for controlling electric vehicle charging to provide frequency regulation

Abstract The charging of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is a potential source of flexibility and ancillary services to power systems. This paper proposes a two-stage stochastic problem that can be used to optimize the charging of BEVs in a public charging station to provide frequency regulation and energy arbitrage. The model also co-optimizes the use of distributed energy resources, including battery energy storage and photovoltaic solar panels. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed model using a case study based on the Central-Ohio region. The case study shows that proper management of flexibility in BEV charging can provide high-quality frequency regulation services, which is also of significant financial value to the station operator. As such, the modeling methodology that we propose here can further accelerate the adoption of BEVs. This is because the value streams generated by the provision of frequency regulation can reduce the cost of BEV ownership and the net cost of owning and operating a public BEV-charging station.
Relationship stigma and well-being among adults in interracial and same-sex relationships:

Stigmatization of interracial and same-sex relationships persists, with negative consequences for relationship functioning and mental health. We extended past research to examine consequences of re...
Age Differences in Online Communication: How College Students and Adults Compare in Their Perceptions of Offensive Facebook Posts

With the most recent US Presidential election, civility in online communication has resurfaced as a social issue. Asurvey of 409 college students and 190 faculty / staff at a liberal arts college in northeastern Pennsylvania used open-ended questions to identifythe types of communicative posts people of different ages have seen and considered offensive on Facebook. Content analysis identified twenty unique themes of online inappropriateness, many of whichare similar across age groups butdo not appear in previous research. Common top themes include racist comments, sex / nudity, political references, and offending visuals. Age differences emerge in the rankings of these four themes and in the identified fifth theme, which is “other social issues” among college students and foul language for adults. Findings also indicate that students were statistically more likely than adults to consider posts involving traditional social issues (racism, sexism, LGBT issues, and alcohol / drugs) or aggression to be offensive; and, adults were more likely to consider foul language or the discussion of politics or religion to be offensive. Symbolic interaction theory is used to link perceptions of offensive posts to judgments of others, and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Dismantling the Trusts and Estates Canon

This article steps back and reflects on how new perspectives from gender, race, class, and sexual orientation have challenged existing trusts and estates canonical narratives on a number of different levels, both in terms of deepening trusts and estates but also expanding it—that is, challenging core concepts of the field. Part I celebrates how new perspectives have challenged the core trusts and estates canonical narratives. These new perspectives challenge basic concepts of wealth and do the following: 1) bring in alternative conceptions of wealth and of inheritance; 2) question the biases of inheritance law as they reflect conventional social norms; and 3) contextualize the whole field so that it encompasses elder law, history, sociology, socioeconomics, and other areas. The second Part turns to the structure of wealth and its intergenerational transmission, drawing on sociological and demographic data to show just who is wealthy and how wealth transmission perpetuates inequality, Finally, based on asking what I call “the wealth question,” I suggest future directions that might lead to reexamination of some of the core tenets of trusts and estates: for example, wills may not be appropriate for everyone, and class differences in families show the need to include (or be more deliberate in excluding) alternative families.
Online and Offline Communication and Political Knowledge and Participation in Presidential Campaigns: Effects of Geographical Context

Political campaigns employ segmenting and targeting strategies to reach voters, which result in a differential distribution of campaign resources across the whole nation. This study investigates how the resulting differences in information availability influence an individual’s political learning and behaviors in relation to geographical locality. Data for this study come from three separate studies conducted during the 2004 U.S. presidential election. The results from a series of multilevel modeling analyses show that newspaper use had a greater impact on political knowledge and participation in localities with more political advertising or more candidate appearances than in localities where these were less frequent. The impact of offline political discussion did not follow the same pattern. The findings relating to Internet use were mixed. This study demonstrates the importance of geographical contexts in understanding communication effects. Also, the Internet functions to both extend and diminish unequal information availability in the offline world.
Demonstrating competence within one’s group or in relation to other groups: A person-oriented approach to studying achievement goals in small groups

Abstract Two studies investigated students’ adopted mastery and performance goals for group work, with an interest in exploring whether performance-approach goals functioned differently in small groups depending on whether the social comparison target resides outside the group (i.e., between-group comparison; performance-approach between group goals) or within the group (i.e., within-group comparison; performance-approach within goals). Using a person-oriented approach, six achievement goal profiles for group work were identified for middle school students in science (NStudy1 = 309) and upper elementary school students in mathematics (NStudy2 = 218). Some profiles included varying patterns of goal endorsement (e.g., high mastery goals, low performance-approach goals) while others reflected similar levels (high, medium, low) of goals. Across both studies, the six goal profiles were associated with varying patterns of group processes, cognitive engagement, and achievement. Most notably, students in profiles with high performance-approach within group goals had more detrimental outcomes, even when mastery goals were also strongly endorsed. In contrast, students in profiles with high mastery alone or in combination with high performance-approach between group goals had adaptive group process, cognitive engagement, and achievement outcomes. Implications for the conceptualization of performance-approach goals in small groups and cautions for fostering normative standards and intergroup competition when structuring group activities are discussed.
EPITHELIOID HEMANGIOENDOTHELIOMA OCCURRING IN THE PAROTID GLAND: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) is an intermediate grade vascular malignancy. EH often exhibits aggressive biologic behavior, frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and rarely, to distant sites. EH most commonly occurs in deep soft tissue, viscera, and bone. Several cases of EH have been reported in the head and neck region; however, development of EH within the parotid gland is extremely rare. To our knowledge, only four cases of EH in the parotid have been reported in the English literature. We present a case of EH of the left parotid gland in a 45-year-old Caucasian woman. The patient had a history of a painless swelling on the left side of her face for several years and imaging studies indicated a neoplasm originated from the left parotid gland. A percutaneous biopsy demonstrated a concern for sarcoma. Therefore, the patient underwent a left parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation and left neck dissection. Histologic examination revealed a well-circumscribed proliferation of epithelioid tumor cells in a hyalinized stroma. Intracytoplasmic vacuoles were noted in some cells. Lymphovascular invasion was present, and a small metastatic tumor focus was identified in one regional lymph node in the ipsilateral neck. Immunohistochemical studies were performed. CD31 and Fli-1 were diffusely positive in tumor cells, while they were negative for AE1/AE3, S-100, SMA and p63. The Ki-67 proliferative index was estimated at 2%. A diagnosis of EH was established based on histological and immunohistochemical findings. No recurrence of the patient's disease has been noted in the 6 months following her surgery.
Time-evolution of magnetic field in hot nuclear matter with fluctuating topological charge

The time-evolution of the magnetic field in hot homogeneous nuclear matter has two qualitatively different stages separated by the sphaleron transition time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{c}$. At early times, when the chiral conductivity ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}}$ is a slow function of time, the soft chiral modes $kl{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}}$ of the magnetic field grow exponentially with time, which is known as the chiral instability. At later times ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\ensuremath{\chi}}$ fluctuates due to the sphaleron transitions and can be regarded as a random process. It is argued that the average magnetic field is exponentially damped at later times. The time-evolution of the average field energy is more complicated and depends on the electrical conductivity of the chiral matter but does not depend on chirality. It exhibits instability only if the matter is a poor electrical conductor, such as the quark-gluon plasma near the critical temperature. The precise conditions for the instability and the growth rate of the unstable modes are derived.
Analysis of Facial Expressions Explain Affective State and Trust-Based Decisions During Interaction with Autonomy

Trust is a critical factor in the development and maintenance of effective human-autonomy teams. As such, new processes are needed to classify affective state change that could be related to either an accurate or a misaligned change in trust that occurs during collaboration. The task for the current study was a leader-follower, simulated driving task with two different types of driving autonomy, and two different levels of reliability. Facial expression was evaluated to gauge group differences in affect-based trust. Results indicated that the participant sample was best described by four distinct group clusters who varied in their level of subjective trust and facial expressivity.
Effect of Lubricin Mimetics on the Inhibition of Osteoarthritis in a Rat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Model

Background:Lubricin, a mucinous glycoprotein, plays a chondroprotective role as a constituent of synovial fluid. Structural analogs have been synthesized to mimic the structure and function of nati...
Sodium Fluorescein for Identification of Intraoperative Urine Leaks During Partial Nephrectomy.

Abstract Background Rates of persistent urine leak after partial nephrectomy are reported in the range of 2-13%, of which many are technically preventable by intra-operative identification and repair of collective system injuries. We describe our technique and institutional experience utilizing intravenous sodium fluorescein, a xanthene die with rapid urinary excretion, at the time of tumor resection during partial nephrectomy for identification of collecting system injury. Methods Here, we present a video illustrating the utilization of sodium fluorescein for the intra-operative identification of collecting system injury. We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy with sodium fluorescein between 10/2017 and 5/2019 by a single surgeon (KC), and report clinicodemographic and tumor characteristics, as well as rates of post-operative urine leak. Results Over the study period, 48 patients underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy with intraoperative sodium fluorescein, of which 44 had follow-up data. Patients were 66.7% male, had a median age of 65 (IQR 54–72) years and median body mass index of 27.5 (IQR 24.4– 35.5) kg/m2. Mean tumor nephrometry score was 7.8 (±1.45), with a mean distance of 3.3mm (±4.0) from the collecting system. In cases performed with arterial clamping, 5mL of sodium fluorescein (100mg/mL) was injected intravenously by anesthesia as the clamp was removed following tumor resection. In cases performed off-clamp, sodium fluorescein was delivered after tumor resection. The video demonstrates three cases where sodium fluorescein aided in the identification and repair of a collecting system leak. There were no recorded urine leaks at time of final follow-up (median 198.6, IQR 20–289 days). Conclusions Sodium fluorescein is a simple technique for identification of collecting system injuries at time of partial nephrectomy. With the aid of sodium fluorescein, intra-operative collecting system leaks can be identified and repaired, potentially mitigating post-operative urine leaks and urinomas.
Coating adhesion of a chromate-containing epoxy primer on Al2024-T3 surface processed by laser-interference

Abstract In this study, the coating adhesion test results are presented for a primer that was coated on laser-interference structured surfaces of as-received Al2024-T3 specimens, i.e., without employing any polishing, cleaning, or any other surface alteration techniques. All of the laser-interference processing was performed by splitting the primary beam of a Q-switched Nd:YAG pulsed nanosecond laser into two beams and focused them to the same spot. The specimens were spray painted with a chromate-containing epoxy primer, CA7233, compliant to MIL-PRF-23377 Type I Class C2 specification. The adhesion of primer on Al surface with different treatments was assessed using the ASTM D3359 X-cut and cross-hatch tests. It was found that the laser processed specimens meet the performance requirements in the coating adhesion specifications by having a higher or identical ranking for coating adhesion specimens than those prepared with current state-of-the-art chemical conversion or sulfuric acid anodizing. The rastering with either 4 mm/s or 6 mm/s with a laser fluence of 1.78 J/cm2 is recommended to attain acceptable coating adhesion, even higher than that with the anodizing surface treatment. These results indicate that laser-interference shows significant potential as a non-chemical surface preparation technique for these coatings.