cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Supporting complex queries on multiversion XML documents

Managing multiple versions of XML documents represents a critical requirement for many applications. Recently, there has been much work on supporting complex queries on XML data (e.g., regular path expressions, structural projections, etc.). In this article, we examine the problem of implementing efficiently such complex queries on multiversion XML documents. Our approach relies on a numbering scheme, whereby durable node numbers (DNNs) are used to preserve the order among the nodes of the XML tree while remaining invariant with respect to updates. Using the document's DNNs, we show that many complex queries are reduced to combinations of range version retrieval queries. We thus examine three alternative storage organizations/indexing schemes to efficiently evaluate range version retrieval queries in this environment. A thorough performance analysis is then presented to reveal the advantages of each scheme.
Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Very Thin Pzt Films Deposited by In-Situ Ion Beam Sputtering.

PZT films < 700A have been synthesized by in-situ ion beam sputter deposition on Pt/Ti/MgO and RuO2/SiO2/Si substrates using deposition temperatures ≤ 500°C. Films on Pt/Ti/MgO had a highly preferred (001) orientation, whereas, the films on RuO2/SiO2/Si were randomly oriented. The formation of perovskite vs. pyrochlore phases has been studied. In the case of heavily Sn doped samples, it appeared that the doping promoted the nucleation of pyrochlore. We believe this effect was caused by a substantial reduction in the A:B cation ratio which was the result of Sn contaminated Pb targets. Electrical characterization was performed using parallel-plate electrodes. Hysteresis measurements showed high polarization values and coercive fields for the highly oriented films, whereas, the randomly oriented films showed much lower values of polarization. Fatigue measurements on the highly oriented films showed a sharp drop in polarization at 105 or 106 cycles. A decrease in Pr with time has been observed and is discussed.
A synthesis procedure for Hopfield's continuous-time associative memory

A new technique is presented for designing associative memories to be implemented by Hopfield neural networks. This technique guarantees that each desired memory is stored and is attractive. The procedure also guarantees that the resulting network can be implemented, a requirement often overlooked by other methods. This synthetic procedure does not require a symmetric interconnection matrix; instead, stability is guaranteed by use of the results presented by A.N. Michel et al. (1989). Two examples are presented that demonstrate the synthesis procedure's storage ability and flexibility. >
PP03.11 – 2507: Cerebral MRI changes in patients with Niemann Pick type C

Objective Niemann Pick Type C (NPC) is a rare autosomal-recessive, lysosomal disorder. The diagnosis is often delayed because of non-specific first clinical symptoms and the lack of easily accessible biomarkers. There are no systematic descriptions of MRI in NPC of infantile and juvenile onset. Methods We collected 30 MRI-brain-scans from 18 patients with NPC. We established a scoring-system for MRI in NPC which addresses white-matter-changes (4 points for periventricular and central involvement in the frontal and par.-occ. lobes) and supra- (3 points for enlargement of internal, external spaces and thin corpus callosum) as well as infratentorial atrophy (3 points for mild, severe vermis atrophy and hemispheric atrophy). MRIs were evaluated in 4 age groups: early infantile ≤2 yrs, infantile 2–6 yrs, juvenile 6–15 yrs, adult >15 yrs. Results White-matter-changes were found in nearly every patient. Localization was occipital and central early in the disease which then extended to more periventricular and frontal changes. Atrophy was the characteristic feature in all patients. In both infantile groups (10 scans) supratentorial atrophy was predominant, also during disease course of up to 6 years. Whereas juvenile patients (8 scans) were more characterized by infratentorial atrophy and the adult group (12 scans) showed a combination of infratentorial and supratentorial atrophy even early during disease course. Conclusion For the first time we show systematic descriptions of MRI in infantile and juvenile patients with NPC in comparison to patients with adult onset. Subtle white-matter-changes were a common and early finding, but atrophy seems to be the more distinct feature. It was seen early during disease course clearly differing between the age groups. Early onset (
The Vaporization Threshold: Hypervelocity Impacts of Ice Grains into a Titanium Cassini Spacecraft Instrument Chamber

Abstract The Cassini spacecraft, currently in orbit around Saturn, has an Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) on board as part of the scientific payload. There have been some unexpected readings of the instrument in flybys of the moon Enceladus. In relative encounter velocity, these flybys range from 7 to 18 km/s, and it has been suggested that ice grain impacts in the instrument could have a velocity-dependent response that influences the materials that the instrument records. To explore the physics of the impacts, computations were performed with CTH. Small ice grains (1 micron across) were impacted into a titanium alloy at a range of speeds of interest. Results are that the formation of a titanium vapor plume begins at impact velocities of 16 km/s. The transition to the formation of vapor of target material is fairly sharp. We explore the transition to determine the influence of ice grain geometry on the vapor formation transition. Efforts have been made to quantify the titanium vapor and titanium solid and liquid ejecta at various impact speeds, as all of these may influence chemistry in the instrument's antechamber and thus affect what ions or molecules are seen by the INMS.
Impact of Childhood Abuse on Physical and Mental Health Status and Health Care Utilization Among Female Veterans

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether childhood abuse predicts health symptoms and health care use among female veterans. Methods: Participants were 369 female patients at Veterans Affairs hospitals in New England who completed a mail survey. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the differential impact of childhood physical abuse and childhood sexual abuse on health symptoms and health care use, while accounting for age, race, military branch, and military sexual trauma (MST). Results: In our sample, 109 (29%) female veterans reported experiencing childhood abuse. After adjusting for age, race, military branch, childhood sexual abuse, and MST, childhood physical abuse was predictive of poorer physical health, and greater depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. No significant association was found between childhood sexual abuse and poor physical or mental health status. After adjusting for other factors, childhood physical abuse was associated with more frequent use o...
Alterations in the cardiac mechanism after administration of quinidine to patients with auricular fibrillation

Sufficient evidence is now at hand to indicate that in a certain number of patients suffering from fibrillation of the auricles (about 50 per cent.), oral administration of quinidine sulphate serves to restore the normal rhythm. It is the purpose of this communication to record the mechanism of the heart's action which has been observed in the first eleven patients who have received quinidine in this hospital.Five hundred and seven electrocardiograms taken on eleven patients have been measured and analyzed. After a preliminary dose of .2 to .4 gm. of quinidine to test for the presence of an idiosyncrasy to members of the cinchona group, .4 gm. of the drug has been given by mouth, in gelatin capsules, either three times daily or every two hours, until either the establishment of normal rhythm or the appearance of untoward symptoms indicated cessation of therapy. No more than 2.0 gm. of quinidine were administered in twenty-four hours, though treatment has been continued daily for as long as ten days.Electr...
The Relationship of Structure to Properties in Electrodeposited Films

The recent development of a more systematic, scientific basis for knowledge in electrodeposition technology is discussed, focussing on the influence of microstructure on deposit properties. Internal stresses, tensile strength, ductility, preferred orientation and the ability to electrodeposit amorphous materials are considered. In particular the unique influence on these properties of small quantities of chemical additives is discussed. The application of current modulation techniques during electrodeposition is described as an alternative means of controlling structure and properties.
Placental pathology in systemic lupus erythematosus and phospholipid antibody syndrome

Clinicians have long appreciated that there is increased risk of poor pregnancy outcome in women with clinical or subclinical (i.e., serological) evidence of autoimmunity. The first report of medical complications related to a circulating anticoagulant was in 195217; its presence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) gave rise to the term lupus anticoagulant, which is in fact a misnomer, as this phenomenon is found in patients who may not have SLE. Additionally, it is not associated with an increased predisposition to bleeding but rather a prothrombotic diathesis. Since that time, investigators have attempted to unravel the relationship between SLE, phospholipid antibodies (aPL), (which include the lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies [aCL], and a biologically false-positive test for syphilis [Venereal Disease Research Laboratories] and pregnancy compromise. Numerous studies show that much of the pregnancy compromise associated with SLE appears to result from disease activityZ6, 28, 72 plus or minus the presence of phospholipid antibodies.", 20, 21, 39. 41, 43, 47, 49 Preterm birth is more common in lupus pregnancie~.~~ Conversely, the presence of phospholipid antibodies and antiphospholipid antibody-related pregnancy loss may also be the herald of future maternal clinical disea~e.'~, 18, 29, 3n, 5n, 51 Bagger et a1 observed while investigating the degree of association between aCL and recurrent abortion or late fetal death with other signs of autoimmune disease (particularly SLE) that aCL-positive women with recurrent abortion or late fetal death have an increased occurrence of clinical
Performance analysis for laser radars based on Geiger-mode APD

This paper introduces a method for analyzing the performance of laser radar based on Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode(APD)array.The detection probability,false-alarm probability and miss alarm probability are researched by analyzing the creation of primary photon electronics and dark count rate noise.Further more,the method of threshold detection with multiple-pulses are proposed,of which the detection probability and false probability are researched and simulated.For a target at a distance of 2 km to 10 km and the 128×128 Geiger-mode APD array,the detection probability of the ladar system can be improved as the pulse energy increasing,while the pulse energy should less than 200 mJ.When the pulse energy is above 200 mJ,the detection probability is constant.For the threshold detection with multiple-pulses,the detection probability of the ladar system can be improved as the pulse energy increasing,and the false-alarm probability can be reduced as the pulse energy increasing.
A complex game of hide and seek: the search for new antifungals

Fungal infections directly affect millions of people each year. In addition to the invasive fungal infections of humans, the plants and animals that comprise our primary food source are also susceptible to diseases caused by these eukaryotic microbes. The need for antifungals, not only for our medical needs, but also for use in agriculture and livestock causes a high demand for novel antimycotics. Herein, we provide an overview of the most commonly used antifungals in medicine and agriculture. We also present a summary of the recent progress (from 2010–2016) in the discovery/development of new agents against fungal strains of medical/agricultural relevance, as well as information related to their biological activity, their mode(s) of action, and their mechanism(s) of resistance.
Physician recommendations for diet and physical activity: which patients get advised to change?

Abstract Background. National objectives and guidelines call upon physicians to help reduce the population burden of chronic diseases by advising patients to eat less fat and get more physical activity. However, studies show physicians are most likely to provide behavioral recommendations to patients who are already sick. Understanding factors that influence physicians' advising decisions can help broaden the reach of these activities. Methods. Subjects were 915 adult patients and 27 physicians from four community-based family medicine clinics in southeastern Missouri. To participate, patients completed a self-administered behavioral and health questionnaire while waiting to see their doctor. Results. Having a high body mass index was the strongest predictor of receiving advice to increase physical activity (OR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.3, 2.0), and having a high cholesterol level was the strongest predictor of receiving advice to eat less fat (OR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.5, 2.4). Neither the actual content of patients' diets nor their levels of physical activity were associated with receiving advice. Conclusions. Physicians' advising may be guided by quick but fallible heuristics that systematically exclude patients whose needs are not easily visible. This pattern misses the opportunity to reduce future needs for therapeutic counseling by taking preventive action now.
Modeling fatigue failure using the variational multiscale method

Abstract In this paper, we study fatigue failure using the variational multiscale method (VMM). In the VMM, displacement jumps are represented using finite elements with specially constructed discontinuous shape functions. These elements are progressively added along the crack path during fatigue failure. The stiffness of these elements changes non-linearly in response to the accumulation of damage during cyclic loading. The evolution law for stiffness is represented as a function of traction and the number of loading cycles since the initial onset of failure. Numerical examples illustrate the use of this new methodology for modeling macroscopic crack growth under Mode I loading as well as microscopic crack growth under mixed mode loading within the elastic regime. We find that the discontinuous elements can consistently predict the Mode I stress intensity factor (SIF) and the micro-structurally short crack growth paths, and that the computed Paris law for steady crack growth is controlled primarily by two parameters in the decohesion law.
Investigating the Role of Top Management and Institutional Pressures in Cloud Computing Adoption

ABSTRACT While cloud computing adoption is on the rise, barriers continue to play a critical role in delaying the progress of some cloud computing adoption efforts. In 2010 the United States federal government launched the "Cloud First" policy which requires government agencies to consider the adoption of cloud computing when the solution is secure, reliable and cost effective (Kundra, 2010). Unfortunately, cloud computing adoption among federal agencies has been sluggish. This study investigates pressures asserted to facilitate cloud computing adoption. Although a vast amount of literature exists, very few studies empirically investigate cloud computing adoption from an institutional perspective in concert with top management support. This study aims to fill the gap where the literature is lacking concerning the adoption of cloud computing by federal agencies.
Localization of angiotensin II type 1 receptor subtype mRNA in rat kidney

The physiological effects of angiotensin II (ANG II) on the kidney are mediated primarily by the ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor. Two highly similar AT1 receptor subtypes have been identified in the rat by molecular cloning techniques, namely AT1A and AT1B. The intrarenal localization of the AT1A and AT1B receptor subtypes has not been studied by hybridization methods with subtype-specific receptor probes. Using radiolabeled probes from the 3' noncoding region of the AT1A and AT1B cDNAs, we localized AT1 mRNA in rat kidney by in situ hybridization. Specificity of the 3' noncoding region probes was tested by Northern blot and solution hybridization methods. AT1A mRNA levels were highest in the liver, kidney, and adrenal. In contrast, AT1B mRNA levels were highest in the adrenal and pituitary and low in kidney. Autoradiographic localization of 125I-[Sar1,Ile8]ANG II binding indicated that the highest levels of AT1 receptors were found in glomeruli and vascular elements. In situ hybridization with a nonselectiv...
Root Growth Patterns and Morphometric Change Based on the Growth Media

Arabidopsis thaliana roots skew with minimal waving in the microgravity environment of the International Space Station. Root skewing and root waving have been studied on the ground as well as in spaceflight, but often using different media types. In this study, Arabidopsis seedlings were grown on nutrient media plates that were comprised of various gelling agents with varied hardness in order to better assess these media for spaceflight research experiments. ImageJ was used to quantify the root morphology of 8-dayold seedlings, while R was used to perform statistical analyses. Root growth was drastically different between Difco agar, agarose, and Phytagel. Additionally, root waving masked skewing in certain media. Regression analysis revealed overall patterns when organized by hardness but also revealed that differences in media type had more of an impact on root growth than hardness itself. Different arrangements of media around the root tip revealed that roots grown on the media surface were longer and had fewer waves per millimeter than roots grown embedded in media. The implications for spaceflight research are discussed.
Abstract 3680: Loss of ARID1A expression leads to sensitivity to ROS-inducing agents in ovarian cancer cells

AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) is frequently inactivated by mutations in a broad spectrum of cancer types, including ovarian and endometrial cancers. However, therapeutic strategies targeting ARID1A-mutant cancers remain limited. In this study, we aimed to identify drugs that selectively target ARID1A-mutant ovarian cancer cells. To this end, we compared the drug sensitivities of ARID1A-mutant and ARID1A-wildtype cancer cell lines using the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database. We found that ARID1A-mutant cancer cell lines were more sensitive to treatment with the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing agent elesclomol compared to ARID1A-wildtype cancer cell lines. We validated this finding in a panel of ovarian and endometrial cancer cell lines, observing that treatment with elesclomol inhibited growth and induced apoptosis more potently in ARID1A-mutant cells than in ARID1A-wildtype cells. Knockdown of ARID1A expression in ARID1A-wildtype cells resulted in increased sensitivity to ROS-inducing agents, whereas re-expression of ARID1A in ARID1A-mutant cells resulted in decreased sensitivity. Finally, we found that knockdown of ARID1A expression resulted in increased intracellular ROS levels and subsequently promoted cell growth. In summary, we identified a novel role for ARID1A in protecting cells from oxidative stress and that ROS-inducing agents may be used to target ARID1A-mutant ovarian cancer cells. Citation Format: Suet-Yan Kwan, Kwong-Kwok Wong. Loss of ARID1A expression leads to sensitivity to ROS-inducing agents in ovarian cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3680.
Educator perceptions of dance/movement therapy in the special education classroom

AbstractThis qualitative study examined educator perspectives of the influence of group dance/movement therapy (DMT) sessions on their students’ behaviours, symptoms, and academic engagement within their special education classroom. Audio-recorded and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 educators who had observed and/or participated in their students’ group DMT sessions at one public school in an urban region in the United States. Results of the interviews revealed four overarching themes: (a) The process of a DMT session is perceived to improve regulatory behaviour; (b) DMT can meet individual needs as a part of a group experience; (c) DMT techniques and tools utilised can influence sensory systems (d) limitations in time, duration, and space may influence long-term benefits. While more research is necessary, results suggest that educators value the use of DMT within school settings to assist the children in gaining focus, modulating energy, and supporting healthy social engagement skills.
The Role of Acidosis in Fatigue: Pro Perspective.

The etiology of muscle fatigue defined as a loss of force, velocity, and power in response to contractile activity has been studied and debated for over a hundred years, yet important questions remain either unresolved or controversial (2,7,10). As clearly shown in published reviews by Fitts (7) and
Computer-Aided Diagnosis

Publisher Summary This chapter explains the role of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for the detection and diagnosis of diseases, with illustrations on breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer. Development and implementation of computer-aided detection and diagnosis involves the application of computer technology in medical image interpretation. Radiologists can use the output from a computerized analysis of medical images as a ‘‘second opinion’’ in detecting and characterizing lesions as well as in making diagnostic decisions. Thus, the computer output needs to be at a sufficient performance level in terms of sensitivity and specificity, and the computer interface should have a user-friendly format for effective and efficient use by the radiologist. Two general types of systems for CAD are being developed: CADe for computer-aided detection and CADx for computer-aided diagnosis. CADe involves the use of computer analyses to indicate locations of suspect regions in a medical image. CADx involves the use of computer analyses to characterize a region or lesion. clinical usefulness of computer-aided detection for screening mammography is being tested by actual prospective clinical usage of commercial systems. For thoracic CT and CT colonography for the early detection of lung cancer and colon cancer, respectively, effective and efficient displays are also needed to help the radiologist incorporate the computer output into the three-dimensional image data.
Rocky Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews (Abridged)

This abridged version of "Rocky Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews" (UVA-QA-0686) retains the essential elements of the full case but reduces the detail of the golf course and the usage of golf jargon. It is a negotiation case and is meant to be paired with "Rocky Shore Golf Links: Douglas Peterson (Abridged)" (UVA-QA-0791).For Douglas Peterson and his two 10-year-old golf partners, it had been a memorable round at a world-class course with a caddie who contributed greatly to their enjoyment. For caddie Donald Andrews, the round was among the most challenging, physically and mentally, in which he had participated. As the group walked up the 18th fairway, Peterson reflected on the size of an appropriate tip for the caddie while Andrews wondered how he might influence the size of the tip. Excerpt UVA-QA-0790 Rev. Jul. 13, 2012 Rocky Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews (Abridged) Even though Donald Andrews did not feel motivated, the summer was coming to a close and he had not worked for the past three days. Knowing that he really should caddie if he got the chance, he arrived at Rocky Shore Golf Links at 10:00 a.m. By 1:30 p.m., Andrews was still available when the caddie master told him there might be an after-revenue loop (18 holes) at 3:30 p.m. After five hours of sitting around, caddying for six hours on the extremely slow and demanding golf course was the last thing Andrews wanted to do. Nonetheless, the caddie request had to be covered in order to avoid any embarrassment for Rocky Shore management. Andrews was coerced into waiting for a job that might or might not take place and for which he would not be reimbursed if the request fell through. A Summer of Learning Caddying had seemed like a great summer job. Who could ask for more than getting paid to participate in a game you dearly loved, particularly at the beautiful oceanside Rocky Shore Golf Links, which had hosted several U.S. Opens? At $ 50 per bag plus tip for a double (carrying bags for two golfers), the money could add up quickly. In the beginning, Andrews had been bullied by the older caddies and often felt he was either being ignored or mistreated by the course's management. The job was losing its glamour, but with each loop, Andrews felt more at ease. . . .
Numerical Prediction of Abrasion for Francis Turbine Guide Vanes

Three-dimensional numerical simulations of the hydro-abrasive wear of Francis turbine guide vanes are reported. The calculations discussed in this paper are based on recently performed investigations for a three-dimensional guide vane configuration including gap clearance effects. Three-dimensional simulations have been carried out following the promising results obtained in previously performed 2D calculations [1]. The present numerical simulations use the calculated turbulent 3D flow field to predict the trajectories of sand particles in the flow. Particle-wall interactions result in abrasive wear which is calculated by applying a simple wear model. Comparisons with the observed wear pattern obtained from a long duration field test show very good agreement.
Analysis of N X M Waveguide Splitters and Couplers with Multimode Guiding Sections

Highly multimode waveguides in which multiple images of the input excitation are formed at different distances along the guide can be used for splitting and switching applications. These devices are often analyzed with a paraxial approximation. In the analysis presented here the actual shapes and propagation constants of the modes were considered. The analysis was performed on splitters with one input guide, centered on a multimode region, and N output guides; uniformity and sensitivity of the outputs to changes in the length and width of the multimode section for 1×2 and 1×8 splitters at a variety of positions along the multimode region were predicted. 2×2 couplers with off-centered inputs were also analyzed. A modification to the input/output guide positions of the couplers was made to reduce the length of the guide while achieving the same absolute sensitivity to variations in the length of the multimode region.
An (almost) instant brain atlas segmentation for large-scale studies

Large scale studies of group differences in healthy controls and patients and screenings for early stage disease prevention programs require processing and analysis of extensive multisubject datasets. Complexity of the task increases even further when segmenting structural MRI of the brain into an atlas with more than 50 regions. Current automatic approaches are time-consuming and hardly scalable; they often involve many error prone intermediate steps and don't utilize other available modalities. To alleviate these problems, we propose a feedforward fully convolutional neural network trained on the output produced by the state of the art models. Incredible speed due to available powerful GPUs neural network makes this analysis much easier and faster (from $>10$ hours to a minute). The proposed model is more than two orders of magnitudes faster than the state of the art and yet as accurate. We have evaluated the network's performance by comparing it with the state of the art in the task of differentiating region volumes of healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia on a dataset with 311 subjects. This comparison provides a strong evidence that speed did not harm the accuracy. The overall quality may also be increased by utilizing multi-modal datasets (not an easy task for other models) by simple adding more modalities as an input. Our model will be useful in large-scale studies as well as in clinical care solutions, where it can significantly reduce delay between the patient screening and the result.
Challenges and Opportunities in the Area of Environmental Biotechnology

The explosive growth of biotechnology over the past decade has been fueled by ever expanding development of the tools of molecular biology, permitting unpredicted ability to analyze, manipulate and apply living organisms and biological processes across the spectrum of health, industrial and environmental challenges facing society. Biomedical applications in particular have been driven by major federal initiatives such as whole genome sequencing, as well as potential multibillion dollar human and animal health markets for the products and knowledge resulting from biotechnical research. Environmentally, biotechnology continues to grow and develop but it is apparent that the driving forces behind these applications wll be changing in the coming decades.
Class III treatment by combining facemask (FM) and maxillary skeletal expander (MSE)

Class III malocclusion can be treated dentally as well as skeletally depending on the nature of the problems and the skeletal maturity of the patients. When young patients present skeletal discrepancy, use of a facemask (FM), with or without palatal expansion, is one of the traditional approaches. This treatment modality involves utilization of maxillary dentition as an anchorage unit, often resulting in excessive flaring of the upper incisors by forward movement of maxillary dentition, and an increase in the vertical dimension of the lower face by buccal tipping and extrusion of maxillary posterior dentition, especially in high-angle cases. In recent years, incorporating micro-implants (MI) with expansion and protraction devices in various ways, in order to avoid the unwanted dental side effects, resulted in significantly better outcomes. One popular application is the use of a micro-implant-assisted rapid palatal expander (MARPE), by incorporating the MI with an expansion device, in order to promote bone anchored expansion, and by applying FM force against MARPE, in order to promote bone anchored protraction. Among countless designs of MARPE, the Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) has unique features that produce unique treatment results. MSE causes expansion of the entire midface, disrupting all perimaxillary structures. When MSE is applied in combination with FM, almost negligible vertical side effects are observed, the existing antero-posterior dental compensation can be reversed, the maxilla advances efficiently in large magnitude, and the skeletal protraction is possible even in older growing patients. Combining FM and MSE has also resulted in some skeletal protraction even in mature patients, simulating distraction-like movement, which gives hope of discovering a novel non-surgical orthopedic treatment modality for Class III adult patients.
Clifford Bundles and Clifford Algebras

In view of General Relativity, it is necessary to study physical fields, including solutions of the Dirac equation, in curved spacetimes. It is generally believed that the study of Riemannian (positive definite) metrics (infinitesimal distance functions) will ultimately be relevant to the more directly physical problem of Lorentz signature metrics, via principles of analytic continuation in signature. This adds impetus to the natural mathematical pursuit of studying spin structure, the Dirac operator, and other related operators on Riemannian manifolds. This lecture is a biased attempt at an introduction to this subject, with an emphasis on fundamental ideas likely to be important in future work, for example, Stein-Weiss gradients, Bochner-Weitzenbock formulas, the Hijazi inequality, and the Penrose local twistor idea. This provides at least a framework for the study of advanced topics such as spectral invariants and conformal anomalies, which are not treated here.
Stroke Imaging/Diffusion-Perfusion MRI

Diffusion–perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (D–P MRI) refers to the use of a pair of different MRI techniques to assess the status of brain tissue in patients with acute ischemic stroke and to guide subsequent therapy. Currently, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) has been shown to be effective in improving the clinical outcome up to 4.5 h. A method for selecting a subgroup of patients with ischemic stroke more than 4.5 h from onset in whom the overall benefit from instituting reperfusion therapy outweighs the risk would be valuable. The rationale behind D–P MRI is that the combination of the two different images can be used to identify the ischemic brain tissue in which the cells will die if untreated, but will live and regain function if quickly reperfused. The diffusion image is used to identify the tissue that is irreversibly infarcted. The perfusion image is used to identify an area of critically low perfusion that corresponds to the tissue that is still at risk. The D–P mismatch is the region of critically low perfusion that does not have restricted diffusion. Theoretically, this mismatch region corresponds to the cells will die if untreated, but will live and regain function if quickly reperfused. Until now, there have been only a few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have evaluated D–P MRI mismatch in acute ischemic stroke. They have failed to support the hypothesis that D–P MRI can be useful to identify patients who will benefit from instituting reperfusion therapy beyond the 4.5 h IV-tPA window. However, these studies are not sufficient to conclusively disprove the hypothesis. Nevertheless, as there are no RCT data to support the hypothesis, the clinical value of MRI D–P imaging in this setting remains only a theory worthy of further investigation.
A problem of Erdos on Abelian groups

The following theorem is proved. Ifa 1,a 2, ...a n are nonzero elements inZ n , and are not all equal, then e1 a 1+e2 a 2+...+e n a n =0 has at leastn solutions with e i =0 or 1.
The Life of Lifers: Wolfgang’s Inquiry into the Prison Adjustment of Homicide Offenders

In 1958, Marvin Wolfgang published his monumental first book, Patterns in Criminal Homicide. The study reported in the book focused on offenders who had been arrested for acts of homicide in Philadelphia between 1948 and 1952. Three hundred and eighty-seven of these offenders were slated for follow-up, and 44 were studied after they had spent nine years as inmates of the Eastern State Penitentiary. Almost all of the offenders in the prison were serving life sentences.
Correlation of stepwise fatigue and creep slow crack growth in high density polyethylene

The kinetics and mechanism of slow crack growth in fatigue and creep of high density polyethylene were studied. The relationship between fatigue and creep was examined by varying the R-ratio (the minimum/maximum loads in the fatigue loading cycle) in the tensile mode such that loading ranged from mainly dynamic (R = 0.1) to static (R = 1.0, creep test). The stepwise crack propagation mechanism characteristic of long-term failures in polyethylene was observed for all loading conditions studied. Fatigue fracture kinetics allowed for extrapolation to the case of creep failure, which suggested that short-term fatigue testing can be used to predict long-term creep fracture properties. The size of the craze damage zone ahead of the arrested crack tip was controlled only by the mean stress, however the lifetime of the zone was determined by both the maximum stress and the mean stress. Crack growth rate was related to the maximum stress and the mean stress by a power law relationship, which described crack growth over the entire range of loading conditions studied.
Metal Dust Explosion Hazards: A Technical Review

Metal dust deflagrations continue to pose a critical threat toward safety in the metal processing industry. This paper begins with introduction of the fundamental requirements for an explosion and reviews the modern developments in explosion prevention techniques, while describing the challenges confronted with applying these techniques to nonstandard metal dust applications. Variability in several intrinsic properties associated with bulk solids conveyance (such as propagation behavior, degree of turbulence, particle size, and moisture content) contributes to metallic fuels having the increased potential to act as highly reactive explosion hazards. Upon ignition in a contained enclosure volume and propagation to interconnected vessels, metal dusts exhibit augmented explosion severity and sensitivity because of their large heats of combustion, higher burning temperatures, radiative heat transfer effects, and abnormally reactive interactions with water. These characteristics are specific to metal dust fuel...
Food Insecurity and Healthy Behavior Counseling in Primary Care.

Objective While food insecurity (FI) has been associated with obesity in some studies, few have examined the relationship between FI and health attitudes and behaviors. We hypothesized that families who experienced FI would report lower importance of discussing health-related behavior change, report lower physical activity (PA) and have children who were more likely to be obese. Design/Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data collected from 2012 - 2015 from three clinics serving primarily low-income, Latino patients. Parents of 6 to 12 year old children presenting for well child care were surveyed about their experience of food insecurity, the importance of discussing behavior change with a health care provider and their children's physical activity. We calculated children's BMI z scores from the height and weight measured at that visit. We used path analysis to test our hypotheses. Results Among 1048 families in the study sample, 610 reported experiencing FI (56%). Experiencing FI was positively related to importance of discussing health behavior (p < 0.001) and negatively related to PA (p=0.008). The relationship between FI and BMI was not significant. Conclusion We found FI was associated with greater perceived importance of discussing health related behavior change, but lower amounts of PA, indicating contrasting attitudes and behaviors. Families facing food insecurity are likely experiencing financial and other barriers to PA, as evidenced by lower reported PA. Providers counseling low-income populations should not presume that food insecure families are unwilling to discuss weight related health behavior changes.
Operando Spectroscopic and Kinetic Characterization of Aerobic Allylic C-H Acetoxylation Catalyzed by Pd(OAc)2/4,5-Diazafluoren-9-one.

Allylic C–H acetoxylations are among the most widely studied palladium(II)-catalyzed C–H oxidation reactions. While the principal reaction steps are well established, key features of the catalytic mechanisms are poorly characterized, including the identity of the turnover-limiting step and the catalyst resting state. Here, we report a mechanistic study of aerobic allylic acetoxylation of allylbenzene with a catalyst system composed of Pd(OAc)2 and 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (DAF). The DAF ligand is unique in its ability to support aerobic catalytic turnover, even in the absence of benzoquinone or other co-catalysts. Herein, we describe operando spectroscopic analysis of the catalytic reaction using X-ray absorption and NMR spectroscopic methods that allow direct observation of the formation and decay of a palladium(I) species during the reaction. Kinetic studies reveal the presence of two distinct kinetic phases: (1) a burst phase, involving rapid formation of the allylic acetoxylation product and formation o...
Cryogenic behavior of NbO2 based threshold switching devices as oscillation neurons

This Letter investigates the cryogenic behavior of NbO2 threshold switching devices. Pt/NbO2/Pt devices are demonstrated to be well functional as threshold switching devices at ultra-low temperature (4 K). When the temperature decreases, the OFF-state resistance of NbO2 increases and the switching voltage increases. With the extracted characteristics of NbO2 ranging from 4 K to 300 K, we continue to study the neuromorphic system using the crossbar array with resistive memories as resistive synapses and NbO2 as oscillation neurons at different temperatures through SPICE simulation. The simulation results show that the oscillation systems could still work properly at 4 K. The oscillation amplitude decreases as temperature increases. The oscillation frequency depends on both the temperature and the input voltage.
A pilot study to determine the feasibility of a customized low glycemic load diet in patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer.

4643Background: Observational evidence associates energy balance factors, particularly diet, with survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Consumption of a diet with high glycemic indices...
Chemorefractory liver metastasis from cervical cancer successfully treated with a combination of yttrium-90 and immunotherapy

Liver metastases in cervical cancer is rare and can be difficult-to-treat. The current guidelines established by the Gynecologic Oncology Group recommend platinum-based systemic chemotherapy in combination with an anti-angiogenic agent such as bevacizumab, however, overall survival remains poor following diagnosis and options for patients who fail chemotherapy are limited. Yttrium-90 (Y90) radioembolization (RE) has shown great promise in the treatment of chemo-refractory colorectal liver metastases. We describe a 30-year-old female with a history of stage IB endocervical adenocarcinoma who later developed metastases to the liver, that were unresponsive to multiple chemotherapeutics and chemoembolization, and was successfully treated with Y90 RE with concurrent systemic Pembrolizumab. The Y90 RE treatment resulted in positive clinical and imaging responses with improvement in her quality of life, all of which continue to persist at the time of writing this manuscript about 8-months into her RE treatment.
Mathematical Representation of Voltage Regulation Impact on Distribution Feeder Voltages

Accurate representation of the impact of voltage regulation equipment (VRE) on distribution feeders is fundamental for assessing photovoltaic (PV) impacts and for many other applications in distribution planning and operations. VRE are frequently controlled based on the voltage observed at the VRE terminals. Conventionally, the operation of VRE is assessed by solving three-phase unbalanced power flows. Using conventional modeling approaches for applications such as PV hosting capacity can require solving prohibitively large number of power flows in order to capture the impact that VRE have on the network. In this paper, we explore the applicability of sensitivitybased modelling to estimate the controller voltages of tap changing transformers, line voltage regulators and capacitor banks on large-scale, complex three-phase unbalanced, radial distribution systems. The sensitivity-based model can estimate the VRE controller voltage based on the load and current state of discrete controllable elements in the circuit. The proposed model is shown to accurately estimate VRE controller voltages on both a modified IEEE-123 bus test feeder with 3 voltage regulating devices and on a realistic large-scale utility feeder with 12 voltage regulating devices. The proposed mathematical representation can be leveraged for fast determination of voltage in distribution application such as PV hosting capacity.
A Case of Diabetic Hemichorea Hemiballismus Exacerbated by Hypoglycemia.

Abstract Objective We describe an unusual case of diabetic hemichorea hemiballismus (diabetic HCHB) with symptoms resistant to traditional therapy and exacerbated by hypoglycemia. Case Presentation A 62-year-old woman with a 3-year history of noninsulin dependent type 2 diabetes presented with left-sided, involuntary, "jerking" movements. History included inconsistent metformin use, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Physical exam was documented as chorea of the left upper and lower extremity. Blood glucose was 776 mg/dL (82-115 mg/dL), and head computed tomography scan was read as asymmetric hyperattenuation of the right lentiform nucleus. The chorea dissipated within 48 hours of basal, bolus insulin and maintenance of blood glucose from 140 to 180 mg/dL. Hyperintensities were not documented on magnetic resonance imaging 4 days later. The patient presented twice in the following weeks for increasing frequency of chorea and hypoglycemia of 62 mg/dL and 40 mg/dL. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging was read as right-sided basal ganglia hyperintensities. Short courses of haloperidol, alprazolam, and tizanidine and a 2-week course of olanzapine yielded no improvement in chorea. Two weeks of tetrabenazine did improve the chorea; however, residual weakness and gait dysfunction persisted. Discussion The differential diagnosis for chorea includes hereditary and acquired forms. Diabetic HCHB is a rare, acquired, metabolic form that occurs in older, female, type 2 diabetics with poor glucose control. The patient experienced exacerbations of chorea in the setting of hypoglycemia. Conclusion Glycemic control is important in the long-term management of diabetic HCHB, and this case demonstrates hypoglycemia as a potential cause for resistant cases.
Multi-Level Conditional Transit Signal Priority in Connected Vehicle Environments

Connected Vehicles (CV) are an emerging technology with a large potential to improve traffic operations and safety. This paper develops and tests advanced CV-based multi-level conditional Transit Signal Priority (TSP). The algorithms are using the latitude/longitude (lat/lon) coordinates of CV vehicles and intersections to establish communication, share information and request priority. The TSP strategies are implemented through controllers’ built-in features and logic processor, using Econolite ASC/3 as a representative traffic signal controller. The tests were performed in VISSIM microsimulation with the ASC/3 Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) controller emulator. State Street in Salt Lake City, UT, is selected as a test-case corridor. The paper shows that the developed signal control priority (SCP) algorithms are successful in reducing delays for target vehicles in excess of 6%, without significant impacts on other traffic. The information obtained from CV vehicles can be used to further enhance control algorithms and create adaptive SCP programs.