cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Supported nanocomposite catalysts for high-temperature partial oxidation of methane

In order to utilize the vast potential of nanoparticles for industrial catalysis, it is necessary to develop methods to stabilize these particles at realistic technical conditions and to formulate nanoparticle-based catalysts in a way that facilitates handling and reduces health and safety concerns. We have previously demonstrated that metal nanoparticles can be efficiently stabilized by embedding them into a high-temperature stable nanocomposite structure. Building onto these results, we report here on the next step towards a simple, hierarchically structured catalyst via supporting platinum barium-hexaaluminate (Pt-BHA) nanocomposites onto a range of different conventional and novel support structures (monoliths, foams, and felts). The catalysts were characterized via SEM, TEM, XRD, porosimetry, chemisorption, and reactive tests in catalytic partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas (CPOM), and compared to conventionally prepared Pt-catalysts. In particular silica felt supported Pt-BHA showed excellent activity and selectivity combined with good stability and very low noble metal requirement at the demanding high-temperature conditions of short-contact time CPOM. Overall, we see great potential for these supported nanocomposite catalysts for use in demanding environments, such as high-temperature, high-throughput conditions in fuel processing and similar energy-related applications.
Overview of the BioSense 2.0 System Architecture

BioSense 2.0 protects the health of the American people by providing timely insight into the health of communities, regions, and the nation by offering a variety of features to improve data collection, standardization, storage, analysis, and collaboration. This presentation will highlight the architecture of the BioSense 2.0 system, covering the interfaces that data providers use to send data to BioSense and the many methods of viewing the critical public health data contained in the BioSense 2.0 system.
PROCESS OF ANALYSES OF DATA: BENEFITS AND COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH COLLABORATIVE STUDIES

The goal of this paper is to explore benefits and costs for theanalyses of data from collaborative studies, using the MaternalPhenylketonuria (PKU) Collaborative Study as a backdrop. Thebenefits discussed included the augmented theoretical context forthe research, the complementary skills and knowledge of theinvestigators, the nature of the variables included in the study,aspects of the samples of participants, and the comparability ofproceduresacrossstudysites.Costsidentifiedconcernedbothmoneyand time as well as costs that arise as a result of conflict betweenfactions in the study. One set of analyses of data from the MaternalPKU Collaborative Study was presented, and the utility of collaborativestudiesforscientificadvance was considered. r
Multi-chip modules: a comparative study-phase I: system design and substrate selection

Harris Corporation has undertaken a multichip module (MCM) project that will develop a four-channel digital RF receiver as a very dense, lightweight system. A single-channel system has been implemented with its supporting logic chips in a 6"*7" PCB (printed circuit board). The four-channel module was fabricated on a 2.5"*2.5" substrate that will be assembled in a 2.75"*2.75" metal package with 200 leads. The module contains a total of 41 chips, twelve being VLSI. To test currently available substrate technologies, the substrate was fabricated in two different varieties: a low-temperature cofired ceramic, the DuPont Green Tape, and a high-density copper/polyimide. Bonding to the top level of the system was done by both TAB (tape automated bonding) and gold wire bonding. An important feature of this MCM is that it exploits design-for-testability concepts which allow defective die or interconnects to be easily identified, thus facilitating module rework. This approach does not require boundary scan to be incorporated into chip design, or test registers to be added to the module. >
Rough set theory of pattern classification in the brain

Humans effortlessly classify and recognize complex patterns even if their attributes are imprecise and often inconsistent. It is not clear how the brain processes uncertain visual information. We have recorded single cell responses to various visual stimuli in area V4 of the monkey's visual cortex. Different visual patterns are described by their attributes (condition attributes) and placed, together with the decision attributes, in a decision table. Decision attributes are divided into several classes determined by the strength of the neural responses. Small cell responses are classified as class 0, medium to strong responses are classified as classes 1 to n-1 (min(n)=3), and the strongest cell responses are classified as class n. The higher the class of the decision attribute the more preferred is the stimulus. Therefore each cell divides stimuli into its own family of equivalent objects. By comparing responses of different cells we have found related concept classes. However, many different cells show inconsistency between their decision rules, which may suggest that parallel different decision logics may be implemented in the brain.
Reflecting on Therapist Narratives Regarding “Clients” and “Therapists”

Abstract This is a summary of, and a reflection on, a supervision exercise involving six therapists and a supervisor, each involved in an act of creation that engages therapists in training and beyond: the storying of what it is to be a client in a therapy conversation, and in that storying, what it may mean to be a therapist in relationship to that client. The narratives therapists use to make sense of their clients play a key role in how they make sense of themselves as therapists. Emergent themes are summarized from the two occasions this exercise was employed. In addition, this exercise could be used to invite reflection in (and about) the supervisor-therapist relationship.
NERVOUS AND MENTAL PHENOMENA ASSOCIATED WITH PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA

The syndrome of paroxysmal tachycardia is one that has long been recognized by general physicians, but that has been given little consideration by neurologists and psychiatrists. There seems little doubt that nervous and mental phenomena are frequently associated symptoms and that they may so dominate the picture as to lead to incorrect diagnoses. Although emotional elements may play a part in the syndrome they may be entirely absent, and the symptoms are then directly the result of a cerebral vascular change. It is therefore advisable, in the presence of any recurring paroxysmal type of attack, to bear in mind the possibility of paroxysmal tachycardia and its associated phenomena.
Lockean Switching: Imagination and the Production of Principles of Toleration

liberals typically assume that group identification stimulates passions beyond our ability to reason, Lockean switching reveals that the emotive qualities of group interest can actually help reinforce our commitment to and understanding of liberal principles. Locke thus insists that imagination and emotional response can encourage reason and increase impartiality. Locke's carefully crafted scenarios force readers to consider hard political questions, something underscored by comparing Locke's rhetorical strategies with those of two other important liberals, Montesquieu and Rawls. Second, Locke's invocation of remote "outsiders" such as Jews and pagans humanizes the hated minorities of his time and place. But it also risks reifying the majority group and inflaming prejudice. Finally, Lockean switching reminds us that liberals must be alert to the dangers of pushing readers to accept principles that are reasonable but impossible to implement. By exploring Locke's method of shifting perspectives, and connecting it to a broader liberal tradition of "switching," I argue that contemporary liberals can use imagination and group identification to help reinforce the commitment of individuals and groups to liberal principles with which they might not otherwise identify. I conclude by illustrating this with regard to controversies surrounding the toleration of gays, lesbians and transgendered individuals in the US.
ExplaNet: A Collaborative Learning Tool and Hybrid Recommender System for Student-Authored Explanations

ExplaNet is a web-based, anonymous, asynchronous explana tion-sharing network. Instructors post questions to the network and students submit explanatory answers. Students then view and rank the explanations submitted by their peers before optionally resubmitting a final and revised answer. Three classroom evaluations of ExplaNet showed that by using ExplaNet students improved comprehension and retention of difficult concepts. Students who viewed peer-authored expla nations between submitting explanations showed greater improvement in submission scores and scores on individual final exam questions than students who did not. In addition, ExplaNet recommends a small subset of explanations to each individual student based on student characteristics and prefer ences. The recommendation algorithm successfully predicted preferences for student explanations in two classroom trials.
Informed consent, the placebo effect, and the revenge of Thomas Percival.

(2001). INFORMED CONSENT, THE PLACEBO EFFECT, AND THE REVENGE OF THOMAS PERCIVAL. Journal of Legal Medicine: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 313-348.
Sex Differences in Perceptions of Infidelity: Men Often Assume the Worst

Given that the costs of underperceiving (i.e., failing to detect) a partner's sexual infidelity would have been greater for men than for women, we hypothesized that men may possess evolved psychological mechanisms designed to overperceive the likelihood of their partner's sexual infidelity. We found support for this hypothesis using two different response formats, a Likert-type scale (Study 1) and a visual analog scale (Study 2). In both studies, men were more likely than women to judge that their partners would commit sexual infidelity in the future. Discussion addresses additional design features of the infidelity detection system.
Facile Preparation of (S)-N-[(1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-2,3-dimethoxy-5-(tributyltin)benzamide from Isoremoxipride: The Precursor of [125I]- and [123I]Epidepride

Abstract [125I]Epidepride, (S)-(−)-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-[125I]iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzamide ([125I]NCQ 219), is a new, extremly potent radioligand, useful in the study of the distribution of the dopamine D-2 receptors in the brain. Its synthesis requires radioiodination of the corresponding 5-(tributyltin) derivative. The aryltin precursor (TDP 526) can be conveniently prepared in high yield from isoremoxipride (FLB 457) by tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)-catalyzed stannylation using bis(tri-n-butyltin) in triethylamine. An improved method for the preparation of isoremoxipride from o-vanillin was developed.
A Recent Worldwide Sinking of Ocean-level

LOCAL uplift and local sinking of the earth's surface have been fully demonstrated for past geological epochs. The amounts of these movements have generally been stated with reference to the present sea-level, and for the greater movements the statements of magnitudes are not seriously impaired by the fact that general sea-level itself has been shifting, upwards and downwards, through geological time. Among the causes for general or “eustatic” shifts of sea-level are: appropriate crustal movements whereby the volume of the ocean basin has been changed; delta-building and volcanic eruption on the sea-floor, the displacement of sea-water not being compensated by crustal sinking; volcanic addition of new water to the ocean; subtraction of water which becomes chemically bound during the alteration of rocks; glaciation on land, lowering sea-level by the abstraction of water from the ocean; deglaciation on land, raising sea-level; changes in the earth's centre of gravity and in her speed of rotation.
Nationalism and revolution: friends or foes?

Nationalism and revolution have generally been held to go together. Many nation-states have had their origins in revolution, from the Americans in the 18th century to a host of Third World nation-states in the 20th century. Generally, both modern revolutions and modern nationalism have the same origins, in 18th century Enlightenment thought. But this paper argues that, despite this common origin, the principles of revolution and nationalism are divergent, and can set one against the other. Revolutions emphasise freedom and equality; nationalism emphasises integration and unification. These principles can clash, though not inevitably and not always. The paper examines the 1789 French Revolution, the 1848 revolutions and the 1917 Russian revolution. It shows that in the first two cases, revolutionary aspirations came up against and were eventually displaced by nationalist aims. In the case of 1917, revolution paradoxically, and unintentionally, institutionalised nationalism. These examples show that, though linked at some high level of modern thought, revolution and nationalism express different and at times divergent strands of modernity.
Prenatal development of the microphthalmic eye in the golden hamster

Prenatal development of the eye in a microphthalmic hamster strain (“anophthalmic white”) is compared with established normal developmental periods. The mutant eye primordium is first distinguished at an average of ten gestational days (Period 6) by an incompletely invaginated optic cup, uniformly pseudostratified outer neuroepithelial layer and widely separated margins of the optic fissure. The outer layer of the mutant cup subsequently becomes abnormally thickened, especially posteriorly and midventrally, and, except in a few eyes with localized imperfect fusion, the optic fissure is unfused at twelve days (Period 9), by which time fusion is normally complete. At 13 to 15 days (Periods 10–11) the fissure is unfused or irregularly fused in regions of variable location and extent. The occurrence of fissure fusion with concomitant loss of continuity between inner and outer epithelial layers is generally restricted to expanded anterior regions in 14–16 day (Periods 11–12) eyes. The presence of presumptive neural retina in the outer layer of the cup characterizes the mutant eye; and to varying degrees, in day 13–16 eyes, the presumptive neural retina (1) provides persistent continuity between the two cup layers, (2) forms both fused and unfused margins of the optic fissure, and (3) extends into an outer position of the optic cup. As early as 13 days (Period 10), nerve fibers are present in the outer layer of the cup, and by the last prenatal and first postnatal days (Period 12), ectopic nerve fiber bundles are widely distributed.
Interleukin-18/WNT1-Inducible Signaling Pathway Protein-1 signaling mediates human saphenous vein smooth muscle cell proliferation

We demonstrate for the first time that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-18 stimulates rapid and significant proliferation of SMC derived from human saphenous vein (VSMC), but not coronary artery. IL-18 also stimulates VSMC growth. Further investigations revealed that IL-18-induced VSMC proliferation was Wnt inducible secreted protein-1 (WISP1) dependent. In addition to inducing its own expression via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent IKK/NF-κB activation, IL-18 stimulated glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation and degradation, β-catenin nuclear translocation and stabilization, T-cell factor-lymphoid enhancer binding factor (TCF-LEF) activation, and WISP1 induction. Moreover, WISP1 induced its own expression, and that of survivin and multiple matrix metalloproteinases via β-catenin/TCF-LEF interaction. WISP1 also activated AP-1, but not NF-κB, and induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 transcription in part via AP-1. Interestingly, WISP1 failed to regulate tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP) expression. These novel findings indicate that IL-18 induces a series of signaling events that result in WISP1-mediated VSMC proliferation, survival and MMP induction that are key components of vein graft stenosis and this may be amplified by IL-18 and WISP1 autoregulation and cross-regulation.
Dynamically Consistent Formulations in Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Multiscale Atmospheric Studies. Part I: Governing Equations in a Generalized Coordinate System

In recent years, the popularity of the fully compressible nonhydrostatic atmospheric models has increased due to the need for simulating multiscale dynamics from convective to synoptic weather phenomena. These recent advances in meteorological modeling techniques present a new set of implementation difficulties and challenges for air quality models and others that are dependent on prognostic meteorological models because some of the scalar quantities are not conserved adequately due to the nature of numerical formulations in these models. To provide a foundation for conservative discrete formulations in atmospheric models, this paper proposes a set of governing equations for a fully compressible atmosphere in a generalized coordinate system. The idealized set of governing equations for atmospheric studies includes conservative equations for the thermodynamic variables and trace species as well as equations for wind components. For the thermodynamic parameters, a continuity equation for air density and a conservation equation for entropy are preferred to the prognostic equations for pressure and temperature. The proposed set of governing equations allows for a unified description of atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics, and air quality problems. Alternative prognostic and diagnostic formulations of the governing equations and their characteristics are studied for different coordinate systems. The companion paper addresses the mass conservation issues in multiscale air quality applications.
Satellite Remote Sensing of the Liquid Water Sensitivity in Water Clouds

In estimation of the aerosol indirect effect, cloud liquid water path is considered either constant (Twomey effect) or increasing with enhanced droplet number concentrations (drizzle-suppression effect, or Albrecht effect) if cloud microphysics is the prevailing mechanism during the aerosol-cloud interactions. On the other hand, if cloud thermodynamics and dynamics are considered, the cloud liquid water path may be decreased with increasing droplet number concentration, which is predicted by model calculations and observed in ship-track and urban influence studies. This study is to examine the different responses of cloud liquid water path to changes of cloud droplet number concentration. Satellite data (January, April, July and October 1987) are used to retrieve the cloud liquid water sensitivity, defined as the changes of liquid water path versus changes of column droplet number concentrations. The results of a global survey reveal that (1) at least one third of the cases the cloud liquid water sensitivity is negative, the regional and seasonal variations of the negative liquid water sensitivity are consistent with other observations; (2) cloud droplet sizes are always inversely proportional to column droplet number concentrations.
Spread of Electrical Activity Through the Wall of the Ventricle

Multipolar recording technics have been employed to record the spread of excitation through the wall of the ventricle. The construction of isochronous planes in a block of tissue aids in visualizing the direction of spread. The results give direct support to the idea of fast endocardial spread followed by syncytial spread through the wall at a slower rate. No evidence is found that the impulse spreads through the individual cardiac muscle bundles.
Random access protocols for high-speed interprocessor communication based on an optical passive star topology

A multiple-instruction multiple-data (MIMD) distributed memory parallel computer system environment is considered. Media access control protocols that maintain good performance with high capacity optical channels are investigated. Three examples of star-coupled structures are introduced, one of which exhibits optical self-routing. Self-routing single-step optically interconnected communication structures can be designed through the incorporation of agile laser diode sources and wavelength tunable optical filters in a wavelength-division multiple-access environment. Intermediary latencies typical of MIMD distributed memory systems are eliminated. The degree and diameter of the resulting structures are dramatically reduced, and the complexity of the communication subsystem is reduced since intermediate buffering and routing of packets are eliminated. >
Update in Hematology and Oncology: Evidence Published in 2012

This Update summarizes studies published in 2012 that the authors consider highly relevant to the practice of hematology and oncology.
Primary structure and functional characterization of a human 5-HT1D-type serotonin receptor.

We describe the nucleic acid sequence encoding a human 5-hydroxytryptamine1D (5-HT1D) serotonin receptor and some of the functional characteristics of the gene product. The receptor gene was isolated by hybridization to a probe based on a canine thyroid cDNA (called RDC4) previously isolated by others and believed to encode a heretofore undetermined member of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-linked receptor family. The human clone we isolated, called MA6A, contains an apparently intronless open reading frame encoding a 377-amino acid polypeptide with the seven hydrophobic domains characteristic of G protein-linked receptors. The MA6A deduced amino acid sequence is 88% identical to that for RDC4 and 43% identical to that for the human 5-HT1A receptor. Expression of the human gene product in transfected cell lines results in the appearance of saturable high affinity 5-HT1D-type [3H]5-HT binding. The expressed receptor exhibits features indicative of coupling to Gi proteins, i.e., robust inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation and formation of a pertussis toxin-sensitive high agonist affinity binding state. These findings may help clarify several ambiguities in the classification and action of serotonin receptor subtypes.
A novel tropomyosin isoform functions at the mitotic spindle and Golgi in Drosophila

Most eukaryotic cells express multiple isoforms of the actin-binding protein tropomyosin that help construct a variety of cytoskeletal networks. Only one nonmuscle tropomyosin (Tm1A) has previously been described in Drosophila, but developmental defects caused by insertion of P-elements near tropomyosin genes imply the existence of additional, nonmuscle isoforms. Using biochemical and molecular genetic approaches, we identified three tropomyosins expressed in Drosophila S2 cells: Tm1A, Tm1J, and Tm2A. The Tm1A isoform localizes to the cell cortex, lamellar actin networks, and the cleavage furrow of dividing cells--always together with myosin-II. Isoforms Tm1J and Tm2A colocalize around the Golgi apparatus with the formin-family protein Diaphanous, and loss of either isoform perturbs cell cycle progression. During mitosis, Tm1J localizes to the mitotic spindle, where it promotes chromosome segregation. Using chimeras, we identified the determinants of tropomyosin localization near the C-terminus. This work 1) identifies and characterizes previously unknown nonmuscle tropomyosins in Drosophila, 2) reveals a function for tropomyosin in the mitotic spindle, and 3) uncovers sequence elements that specify isoform-specific localizations and functions of tropomyosin.
Food Consumption, Attitude, and Behavioral Change Among CSA Members: A Northern Utah Case Study

This study examines the impacts of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) program participation on consumer attitudes and behaviors related to food consumption and preparation, among CSA members in Utah. Data were collected through a series of pre, post, and monthly program surveys, along with food purchase receipts and CSA basket contents. Results show a shift in participant dietary intake and food preparation attitudes and behaviors, namely increased consumption of fresh produce, decreased grain intake, and fewer meals consumed away from home. Participants also became more interested in cooking and canning/preserving. Increases in Vitamin C, Vitamin B, and folic acid availability among participants also resulted.
Diagnosis of X-disease phytoplasma in stone fruits by a monoclonal antibody developed directly from a woody plant.

Abstract A monoclonal antibody was produced by using enriched antigen from an infected chokecherry plant, and was used to detect the X-disease phytoplasma using both ELISA and immunofluorescence staining. The monoclonal antibody reacted with five of seven tested phytoplasmas in the X-disease phytoplasma cluster, and one of four phytoplasmas (pigeon pea witches'-broom phytoplasma) outside that cluster. The efficiency of the monoclonal antibody for detection of X-disease phytoplasmas was verified through assays of infected stone fruit plants. The efficacy of the monoclonal antibody was confirmed by X-disease phytoplasma-specific nested-polymerase chain reaction. Development of the monoclonal antibody represents a substantial improvement in the potential for commercial diagnosis of X-disease phytoplasma infection in nurseries and orchards and for screening large numbers of stone fruit plants for X-disease phytoplasma infection in breeding programs.
MSVN-Juno

The Juno spacecraft is planned to launch in August of 2011 and would arrive at Jupiter five years later. The spacecraft would spend more than one year orbiting the planet and investigating the internal structure; determining the amount of global water and ammonia present in the atmosphere, studying convection and deep-wind profiles in the atmosphere; investigating the origin of the Jovian magnetic field, and exploring the polar magnetosphere. Juno mission system management is responsible for mission and navigation design, mission operation planning, and ground-data-system development. In order to ensure successful mission management from initial check-out to final de-orbit, it is critical to establish clear mission objectives for all project teams to comprehend and contribute. This paper presents MSVN-Juno, a suite of simulation systems developed on the MSVN-framework to establish the project-wide shared vision. The MSVN-framework is composed of three functional layers, mission information modeling, virtual prototyping, and virtual operation, to achieve responsiveness and effectiveness of mission simulation product development. MSVN-Juno simulations have focused on critical mission phases including the Earth-gravity-assist maneuvers, the Jupiter-orbit insertion, and the 32 science orbits.
Karel Slavíček, SJ and His Correspondence from China with European Astronomers and Scholars

Karel Slavicek, SJ (1678–1735) was a Jesuit missionary to Chinese Empire, and in the same time the mathematician, astronomer and musician, coming from the Czech Crown lands. He was one of the eight Jesuits of the old Bohemian province who reached China. His letters from China are an ample source of his observation of life and customs in China, as well as of Chinese science. These letters in Czech translation, together with their originals (mostly in Latin), were published, for the first time, in 1995. This edition was later translated into Chinese and published in 2002 in Beijing. This article aims to acquaint the readers with the scientific contribution of Karel Slavicek, which we can found primarily in his letters to European scholars published so far.
A nicotinic cholinergic agonist (GTS-21) and eyeblink classical conditioning : Acquisition, retention, and relearning in older rabbits

Previously we demonstrated that GTS-21, a nicotinic cholinergic agonist, ameliorated eyeblink classical conditioning deficits in older rabbits. The present experiment was undertaken to replicate and extend these results by examining the effects of GTS-21 on retention and relearning. Retired breeder rabbits received 15 daily injections of 0.5 mg/kg GTS 21 (n = 8) or sterile saline vehicle (n = 8) during acquisition training, and no further injections occurred. Acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs) was significantly better in GTS-21-treated rabbits. During the first tone-alone retention session in week 6 of the experiment, rabbits initially treated with GTS-21 produced significantly more CRs than vehicle-treated rabbits. There were no group differences in retention at the 13-week retest. Differences in relearning were in the predicted direction but did not attain statistical significance. Results indicate that treatment with GTS-21 ameliorates learning beyond the period when the drug is actually administered.
Heterogeneous OH oxidation of motor oil particles causes selective depletion of branched and less cyclic hydrocarbons.

Motor oil serves as a useful model system for atmospheric oxidation of hydrocarbon mixtures typical of anthropogenic atmospheric particulate matter, but its complexity often prevents comprehensive chemical speciation. In this work we fully characterize this formerly “unresolved complex mixture” at the molecular level using recently developed soft ionization gas chromatography techniques. Nucleated motor oil particles are oxidized in a flow tube reactor to investigate the relative reaction rates of observed hydrocarbon classes: alkanes, cycloalkanes, bicycloalkanes, tricycloalkanes, and steranes. Oxidation of hydrocarbons in a complex aerosol is found to be efficient, with approximately three-quarters (0.72 ± 0.06) of OH collisions yielding a reaction. Reaction rates of individual hydrocarbons are structurally dependent: compared to normal alkanes, reaction rates increased by 20–50% with branching, while rates decreased ∼20% per nonaromatic ring present. These differences in rates are expected to alter par...
Establishing the UCB graft potentiality.

In this issue of Blood, Shoulars et al demonstrate the validity and reliability of a novel potency assay based on multiparameter flow cytometric enumeration of cells expressing aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), CD45, and CD34 in tubing segments attached to cryopreserved cord blood units (CBUs) and its relevance to clinical practice.1
Structuring programming labs to support an equitable classroom environment

An environment in which some students feel like outsiders, are afraid to make mistakes, or are intimidated by their peers is unlikely to provide all students reasonable access to learn. Research has shown that some computer science classrooms create a defensive environment (Garvin-Doxas & Barker, 2004), which is not conducive to the type of risk taking necessary for learning (Dweck, 2007). This workshop will present teaching techniques we have used to create an equitable classroom environment that can develop students' competence and confidence. We will present the principles on which these techniques were developed and will encourage educators to reflect on their own teaching practice in relation to these principles.
Neuroglial Heterotopia and Nasopharyngeal Obstruction in a Neonate

The clinical presentation, imaging, treatment, and pathology of a case of neuroglial heterotopia in the nasopharynx causing airway obstruction in a newborn are reported from Columbus Children’s Hospital, OH.
Cellular immune responses in pigs fed a vitamin E- and selenium-deficient diet.

The effects of dietary restriction of vitamin E (Vit E) and selenium (Se) on lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and on burst respiratory response of stimulated granulocytes as measured by chemiluminescence (CL) were studied in pigs. Six male weanling pigs were maintained for 25 d on a torula yeast-based diet containing no measurable amount of alpha-tocopherol and less than .02 mg of Se per kilogram of feed. Six others received the same basal diet supplemented with 33 IU of DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate and .2 mg of Se per kilogram of feed. All pigs were inoculated with Salmonella typhisuis on d 21 of the feeding period and killed on d 25. Tests to measure cellular immune functions were performed on cells isolated from blood samples taken on d 21 and 25. After 21 d of feeding, lymphocyte blastogenesis responses to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen in pigs fed the Vit E- and Se-deficient diet were normal compared with the response in pigs fed the supplemented diet. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of NK cells, the ADCC response, and the CL response of granulocytes were not affected. After 25 d, a marked suppression of lymphocyte response to mitogens occurred in pigs fed the Vit E- and Se-deficient diet when the cells were cultured in the presence of autologous serum. When fetal bovine serum replaced autologous serum in the cultures, no suppression was observed. No effect on NK activity and ADCC was observed, whereas the CL peak response of granulocytes tended to be higher in pigs fed the deficient diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nitric oxide and nitrosothiols in cerebrovascular and neuronal regulation.

Background: Currently prevailing concepts concerning the endothelium-dependent relaxant effect of acetylcholine and other endothelium-dependent agonists are that it is mediated by the generation from arginine of nitric oxide, which is then released into the extracellular space, diffuses to the vascular smooth muscle, and activates soluble guanylate cyclase by combining with the iron of the heme component of the enzyme. Results and Conclusions: Recent studies show that in the cerebral circulation these traditional concept need to be modified in two major areas. First, the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase by nitric oxide, nitroglycerin, or nitroprusside is indirectly mediated via release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory nerve fibers. This peptide then activates soluble guanylate cyclase by an unknown mechanism
Introduction to Christian Servant Leader Spiritual Intelligence (CSLSI)

This chapter provides the reader with an introduction to the definition, nature, and importance of CSLSI and to the growth of Christian sanctification. A summary of the academic literature on spiritual intelligence from a conceptual and empirical focus illustrates the diversity of thought in the field and the absence of mainstream Christian worldview research. The chapter discusses the appropriate perspective and ethos for completing the diagnostic instruments and the journaling process. The underlying orientation is to recognize our inherent dependency on God to supply the power, wisdom, and motivation for genuine transformation. Christians are all works in progress and can improve in all CSLSI dimensions. It is important to reject comparison to others and embrace transparency and honesty to avoid “stealing truth from ourselves.” The chapter concludes with two instruments that measure burnout and work attitudes. The goal is to complete a baseline measure of key indicators of our spiritual health to gauge reader progress.
Shaken Baby Syndrome

Non-accidental head injury, with particular reference to whiplash shaking injury, is reviewed by paediatric neurologists at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh.
The Industrial Food System and the Vicious Cycle of Hunger and Inequality in the US

This paper focuses on the role that the industrial food system as part of the "plutocratic insurgency" (Gilman, 2014) of the past 10 years is playing in the vicious and worsening cycle of hunger an...
Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (CYBORD) Treatment for Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

report a series of 55 patients with relapsed/refractory MM and their response to CYBORD. Methods: 55 patients with relapsed/refractory MM were treated with CYBORD on a 28 day cycle. Dosing was cyclophosphamide 300 mg/ m 2 PO once weekly; bortezomib 1 (2%), 1.3 (22%) or 1.5 mg/ m 2 (76%), IV (89%) or SQ (11%), once (87%) or twice weekly (13%); and dexamethasone 40 mg PO once weekly. We report response using the IMWG criteria 3 , and new onset neuropathy based on NCI CTCAE 4 . Results: Mean age was 65.6 years and 56% were male. Of the 55 patients, 64% had progressed while on therapy and 56% had a previous ASCT. Mean number of previous treatment lines was 3.3, and 36% and 82% were proteasome inhibitor (PI) and CYBORD naive. Median follow up time was 24.1 months and mean number of cycles was 5 (±4.4). ORR was 71%, 26% had ≥VGPR, and 13% CR. PI naive patients had an ORR of 95% while patients who had previously received a PI had an ORR of 57%. Median PFS and OS were 9.2 and 29 months, respectively. After a mean of 6 cycles, 22% of patients underwent subsequent ASCT. New onset grade 1 neuropathy was present in 16% of patients, while only 2% had grade 2 and none had grade 3 or greater neuropathy. We found an increase in PFS in PI naive patients (14.8 v 5.2 months, HR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.7), patients that underwent a subsequent ASCT (19.7 v 6.3 months, HR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2-0.7) and patients that had ≤3 prior treatment lines (12 v 6.1 months, HR 0.5, 95%CI 0.2-0.8); no difference was found by mSMART 5 risk or prior ASCT. An increase in OS was found only in PI naive patients (35.4 v 21.2 months, HR 0.5, 95%CI: 0.3-0.98) and patients that underwent a subsequent ASCT (53.1 v 26.7 months, HR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2-0.8); no difference was found by number of previous treatment lines, mSMART risk or prior ASCT. Conclusions: CYBORD is an effective treatment regimen without significant increase in side effect profile for patients with relapsed/ refractory MM, achieving better outcomes in PI naive patients and those who undergo a subsequent ASCT, regardless of mSMART risk.
Toward accessible course content: challenges and opportunities for libraries and information systems

The population of students with disabilities in post-secondary institutions is significant and rising. The U.S. Department of Education reports that 11% of students, or more than two million students, in post-secondary education report having a disability. Providing accessible versions of materials for courses is a core service of disability-services offices in schools. Finding, obtaining, or generating accessible course content is a challenging process for disability-services providers at institutions ranging from community colleges to research universities, many of which receive hundreds of individualized requests for content each semester. Although a range of sources and services to assist in this process have emerged, they are insufficient and inefficient because they keep people from working together on a complex, shared problem. In the summer of 2015, we conducted a qualitative study of the challenges facing disability services providers in U.S. post-secondary institutions, in order to design and implement information systems that would enable large-scale sharing of locally improved, accessible course content with qualified students in the U.S. This paper reports on the subset of our findings that addresses challenges to providing, sharing, and reusing accessible digital content. Our findings suggest that there are substantial opportunities for the LIS and library communities to apply our expertise to this gap in information services for an expanding population of students.
The Nomenclature and Classification of Sporadic Spinocerebellar Degeneration

Spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia. SCD has a wide range of clinical, pathological, and genetic features, including whether the disease is sporadic or hereditary, and whether it manifests as purely cerebellar or affects multiple systems. Therefore, the classification of SCD has been complicated and has changed over time. Recent advances in genetic testing have shed light on the classification of hereditary SCD. In contrast, the classification of sporadic SCD remains chaotic and there exist nomenclature discrepancies in sporadic SCD between Japanese and English literature. Sporadic SCD is usually divided into multiple system atrophy and cortical cerebellar atrophy in Japanese literature, but the latter nomenclature seems to be uncommon in English literature. The aim of this review is to reconsider the nomenclature and classification of sporadic SCD. At this time, sporadic adult-onset ataxia of unknown etiology is an acceptable term to describe a case of sporadic SCD that does not fit the multiple system atrophy classification.
Investigation on iodine nourishment and growth of children before and after the implementation of iodine in Qiannan,Gulzhou Province

Objective To explore the relationship of dynamic changes between the iodine nutritional condition and growth of children born before and after the implementation of universal iodine.Methods By means of sampling investigation,urinary iodine and goiter,height,weight,intelligence quotient(IQ)were comprehensively evahated in children aged 7～14 years old born before and after the implementation of iodine in 10 counties and 2 cities of Qiannan.Results The median of urinary iodine of children Was 91.88μg/L in 1984,133.33μg/L in 1994,316.00μg/L in 2006;goiter rate was 21.40%(122/570)in 1984,12.86%(107/832)in 1994,5.28%(45/851)in 2006;the average IQ was 89.18±4.10 in 1994,94.26±0.94 in 2006;children in each age group in 2006 has a higher height and a heavier weight compared with those in 1984.Conclusion The physical development and intelligence of children in the areas of iodine deficiency have improved along with the correction of iodine deficiency. Key words: Iodine; Urine; Goiter; Body size; Intelligence
Black Women’s Recommendations for Developing Effective Type 2 Diabetes Programming:

The purpose of this study was to learn from 29 Black women how to develop effective Type 2 diabetes programming. Three focus groups were held in Des Moines, Iowa, during fall 2012. Results highlighted themes related to diabetes knowledge, diabetes management and prevention, physical activity, diet, and diabetes management programming. Opinions were shared as to whether family members should be included in programs for supporting those diagnosed with diabetes. These results provided guidance and ideas to scholars and health care professionals aiming to improve effectiveness of diabetes programs for Black women and families.
An Electronic Call Market: Its Design and Desirability

This paper is motivated by the events of October 1987, the weaknesses in market structure that these events have underscored, and the following question: Has the potential of electronic trading been sufficiently exploited or even adequately recognized?
Accounting Quality under U.S. GAAP versus IFRS: The Case of Germany

ABSTRACT This study examines whether accounting quality changed for a diverse set of German firms that were required to switch accounting standards from U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principle...
Advancing Simulation-Based Education in Pain Medicine.

Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has recently implemented milestones and competencies as a framework for training fellows in Pain Medicine, but individual programs are left to create educational platforms and assessment tools that meet ACGME standards. Objectives In this article, we discuss the concept of milestone-based competencies and the inherent challenges for implementation in pain medicine. We consider simulation-based education (SBE) as a potential tool for the field to meet ACGME goals through advancing novel learning opportunities, engaging in clinically relevant scenarios, and mastering technical and nontechnical skills. Results The sparse literature on SBE in pain medicine is highlighted, and we describe our pilot experience, which exemplifies a nascent effort that encountered early difficulties in implementing and refining an SBE program. Conclusions The many complexities in offering a sophisticated simulated pain curriculum that is valid, reliable, feasible, and acceptable to learners and teachers may only be overcome with coordinated and collaborative efforts among pain medicine training programs and governing institutions.
Revisiting Classroom Practices in East Asian Countries: Examination of Within-Country Variations and Effects of Classroom Instruction:

Background/ContextEast Asian schools receive much attention for the comparatively high achievement of their students. To account for this success, scholars and commentators advance broad claims abo...
Comparison of cavity enhanced Faraday rotation techniques for oxygen detection

Two cavity enhanced Faraday rotation spectroscopic techniques are compared by detection of oxygen around 762 nm. Both techniques demonstrate sensitivities in the 10−9 range and inherent advantages of the two techniques are discussed.
Investigations of low temperature co-fired ceramic heat spreading interposer for the thermal management of three-dimensional packages

The heat density in three-dimensional (3D) power module packages is significantly increased because of the stacked structure and the small footprints of devices, making thermal management a key issue to maintain the performance of these power modules. This paper proposes a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) heat spreading interposer as a novel cooling solution for 3D packages, and investigates the effects of various high thermally conductive materials on the thermal performance of the interposer, including graphene and pyrolytic graphite sheet (PGS). A two-chip face-to-face stacked configuration was used as the model for analysis and thermal simulations. Steady state temperature tests were performed on the LTCC interposers of different structures and integrated with different thermal spreading materials, and their thermal performance were compared.
Nurse Practitioner residents' perceptions of competency development during a year-long immersion in Veterans Affairs primary care

Abstract Background Nurse Practitioner (NP) Postgraduate Residency programs are rapidly expanding. Currently, little is known about trainees' self-perceptions during these experiences. Purpose Describe NP residents' perceptions of their strengths, areas for improvement, and goals while participating in the Veterans Affairs Centers of Excellence in Primary Care Education NP Residency program. Methods NP residents responded to open-ended questions at three time points across their training year. Responses were analyzed using inductive and deductive approaches. Findings NP residents self-reported strengths in patient-centered care and interprofessional teamwork. They identified clinical skill acquisition as the major area for improvement. Their short- and long-term goals focused on personal and professional growth. Discussion These results suggest NPs prioritize clinical skill acquisition during a primary care residency. In contrast, leadership and performance improvement skills did not capture their attention. When aggregated at the programmatic level, assessments identified opportunities to improve the NP Residency program curriculum.
Structure and Function of RNase H Enzymes

RNase H enzymes are endonucleases that specifically cleave ribonucleotides within an RNA:DNA duplex. RNase H proteins are divided into type 1 and type 2 enzymes based on amino acid sequence similarities, substrate specificity, and structure. Both RNase H1 and RNase H2 enzymes play important roles in DNA replication, repair and transcription, and at least one type of RNase H is found in most organisms. Both RNase H1 and RNase H2 enzymes share a common structural fold of mixed β-sheets surrounded by several helices at their catalytic core. The enzymes utilize a two-metal-ion mechanism of phosphoryl hydrolysis mediated by divalent Mg2+ ions. RNase H1 enzymes are single polypeptide proteins with eukaryotic members containing an additional hybrid-binding domain (HBD). Eukaryotic RNase H2 is a heterotrimeric complex of the RNase H2A, RNase H2B, and RNase H2C proteins that are all necessary for enzymatic activity. Mutations in the human RNase H2 complex result in immune dysfunction.
How to cope with anomalies in parallel approximate branch-and-bound algorithms

A general technique for solving a wide variety of search problems is the branch-and-bound (BB however, they are frequent in approximate B&B algorithms. Theoretical analysis and simulations show that a best-first search is robust for parallel processing.