cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ribosomal protein S19 binding domain provides insights into hantavirus nucleocapsid protein-mediated translation initiation mechanism

The hantaviral zoonotic diseases pose a significant threat to human health due to the lack of potential antiviral therapeutics or a vaccine against hantaviruses. N (Sin Nombre hantavirus nucleocapsid protein) augments mRNA translation. N binds to both the mRNA 5' cap and 40S ribosomal subunit via RPS19 (ribosomal protein S19). N with the assistance of the viral mRNA 5'-UTR preferentially favours the translation of a downstream ORF. We identified and characterized the RPS19-binding domain at the N-terminus of N. Its deletion did not influence the secondary structure, but affected the conformation of trimeric N molecules. The N variant lacking the RPS19-binding region was able to bind both the mRNA 5' cap and panhandle-like structure, formed by the termini of viral genomic RNA. In addition, the N variant formed stable trimers similar to wild-type N. Use of this variant in multiple experiments provided insights into the mechanism of ribosome loading during N-mediated translation strategy. The present study suggests that N molecules individually associated with the mRNA 5' cap and RPS19 of the 40S ribosomal subunit undergo N-N interaction to facilitate the engagement of N-associated ribosomes at the mRNA 5' cap. This has revealed new targets for therapeutic intervention of hantavirus infection.
The Effect of Intrauterine Progesterone Treatment on the Endometrial Prostaglandin F Content in the Rabbit

The effect on rabbit endometrial prostaglandin F caused by progesterone delivered directly to the uterus was investigated. Four groups of animals were used in the experiment: (1) no treatment (control); (2) an empty Silastic capsule (as an intrauterine device [IUD]) was inserted in one horn and the other horn was sham-operated; (3) a Silastic capsule releasing 150μg of progesterone/day was placed in one horn and the other horn was sham-operated; (4) a Silastic capsule releasing progesterone was placed in one horn and the opposite horn received an empty Silastic capsule. In group 1, which received no treatment, no difference was noted. In group 2, the prostaglandin content of the horn containing an empty IUD was significantly higher than that of the sham-operated horn. In group 3, the same significant difference was noted between the prostaglandin content of the IUD-containing, progesterone-treated horn and the sham-operated horn. In group 4, no significant difference was observed between the horn containing an inert IUD and that containing a progesterone-releasing device. The addition of progesterone to an IUD does not significantly affect the elevated prostaglandin content of the endometrium caused by an inert IUD.
Physical mapping of the transfer RNA genes on λh80dglyTsu+36☆

Abstract The three Escherichia coli transfer RNA genes of the DNA of the transducing phage λ80cI857S−t68dglyTsu+36tyrTthrT (abbreviated λh80T), which specify the structures of tRNAGly2(su+36), tRNATyr2 and tRNAThr3, have been mapped by hybridizing ferritin-labeled E. coli tRNA to heteroduplexes of λh80T DNA with the DNA of the parental phage (λh80cI857S−t68) and examining the product in the electron microscope. The DNA of λh80T contains a piece of bacterial DNA of length 0·43 λ unit ‡ that replaces a piece of phage DNA of length 0·46 λ unit, proceeding left from B · P′ (the junction of bacterial DNA and phage DNA) (i.e. att80). A cluster of three ferritin binding sites, and thus of tRNA genes, is seen at a position of 0·24 λ unit (1·1 × 104 nucleotides) to the left of B· P′. The three tRNA genes of the cluster are separated by the unequal spacings of 260 (±30) and 140 (± 30) nucleotides, proceeding left from B·P′. The specific map positions have been identified by hybridization competition between ferritin-labeled whole E. coli tRNA with unlabeled purified tRNATyr2 and with unlabeled partially purified tRNAGly2. The central gene of the cluster is tRNATyr2. The tRNAGly 2gene is probably the one furthest from B·P′. Thus, the gene order and spacings, proceeding left from B·P′, are: tRNAThr3, 260 nucleotides, tRNATry2, 140 nucleotides, tRNAGly2.
EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX | Basement Membranes

Basement membranes (BMs) are thin sheets of specialized extracellular matrix that underlie endothelial and epithelial cells and surround all muscle cells, fat cells, and peripheral nerves. They play important roles in filtration, in compartmentalization within tissues, and in maintenance of epithelial integrity, and they influence cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival. In the lung, BMs are associated with bronchial and vascular smooth muscle cells, bronchial epithelium, nerve, and pleura, and they are part of the air–blood barrier between microvascular endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells. Collagen IV and laminin are the major components of all BMs which also contain entactin/nidogen and various heparan sulfate proteoglycans, including perlecan. Two collagen IV heterotrimeric protomers, (α1)2α2 and α3α4α5, are found in alveolar basement membranes, but the latter does not appear to have an important function in the lung. However, the α3 chain contains the epitope that is attacked in Goodpasture's syndrome, an autoimmune disease characterized by pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis. Laminins containing the α5 chain are widespread in both developing and adult lung. Preventing expression of laminin α5 via targeted mutagenesis interferes with lung lobe septation and maturation of the lung parenchyma.
Management of Hepatitis C/HIV Coinfection in the Era of Highly Effective Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy

The increased life expectancy of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in renewed attention to non-HIV-related diseases exacerbated by HIV infection. Coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a particular area of concern, as the global prevalence has been estimated at 2.5-5 million people. In this article, we discuss the epidemiology of HCV infection and reinfection, HCV-related liver disease progression in the era of effective ART, and the efficacy of emerging HCV treatment strategies in persons with HIV/HCV coinfection. New data regarding treatment of persons with HIV/HCV coinfection suggest that HCV treatment should be a priority in those with HIV. Results from recent studies using all-oral HCV regimens have shown high rates of sustained virologic response in both clinical trials and real-world settings. A multidisciplinary approach to HCV treatment in those with HIV is recommended for optimal patient management. Following HCV cure, practitioners also need to be mindful of the risks for HCV reinfection and educate patients on protective measures.
Referenzmodelle als Ordnungsschemata

Zur Herleitung der einzelnen Teilaufgaben, die fur die visuelle Prasentation von Produktinformationen notwendig sind, werden in einer vom allgemeinen zum speziellen fortschreitenden (top-down) Vorgehensweise zunachst Referenzmodelle der beiden betroffenen Disziplinen vorgestellt Dabei werden die Referenzmodelle daraufhin untersucht, wie neben einer umfassenden globalen Beschreibung des eigenen Gebietes, die Beziehungen zum jeweils anderen Gebiet gesehen oder gewunscht werden. Diese Schnittstellen werden den Ausgangspunkt fur die Entwicklung des Prasentationsmodells bilden.
Picosecond Transient Phase Grating Studies of the Energetics and Structure Dynamics of Heme Proteins

Large amplitude motions in proteins and biopolymers is a fundamental feature of the biological function of these systems. The mechanism of energy transduction from a stimulus, such as ligand binding or dissociation, to a specific protein motion associated with biological function remains a controversial issue. Large amplitude motions often involve the correlated action of a vast number of vibrational modes and energy must be directed along specific channels in order to displace a sizable number of atoms. This motion must involve energy delocalization, either over a specific vibrational coordinate as postulated by the soliton model [1], or as delocalized potential energy gradients, such as in the strain model [2]. These two possible mechanisms can be distinguished by the spatial dispersion of vibrational energy and the lifetimes of the vibrational modes that couple to the correlated motions. This problem can be ideally studied using phase grating spectroscopy by taking advantage of the high sensitivity to density changes and time resolution of this technique.
Breeding Better Peas, Pumpkins, and Peasants: The Practical Mendelism of Erich Tschermak

This chapter follows the career of Erich Tschermak (1871–1962, aka Erich von Tschermak-Seysenegg), one of the three “co-rediscoverers” of Mendel’s laws. It considers the practical ramifications, in agriculture, eugenics, and politics, of Tschermak’s reading of Mendel’s theory, and examines how Tschermak promoted his theories and practices—and himself—in the shifting contexts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austrian First Republic, and Nazi period. Special attention is given to the hybridization work on peas that led him to Mendel’s paper; to the development of the “Tschermak Pumpkin” in the 1930s, as an illustration of the practical side of his Mendelism; and to his wartime consultations with the German Minister of Agriculture on selecting and crossing strains of crops, animals, and even the peasants to go with them to planned settlements in occupied Poland and Ukraine.
Nanomechanical motion transduction with a scalable localized gap plasmon architecture.

Plasmonic structures couple oscillating electromagnetic fields to conduction electrons in noble metals and thereby can confine optical-frequency excitations at nanometre scales. This confinement both facilitates miniaturization of nanophotonic devices and makes their response highly sensitive to mechanical motion. Mechanically coupled plasmonic devices thus hold great promise as building blocks for next-generation reconfigurable optics and metasurfaces. However, a flexible approach for accurately batch-fabricating high-performance plasmomechanical devices is currently lacking. Here we introduce an architecture integrating individual plasmonic structures with precise, nanometre features into tunable mechanical resonators. The localized gap plasmon resonators strongly couple light and mechanical motion within a three-dimensional, sub-diffraction volume, yielding large quality factors and record optomechanical coupling strength of 2 THz·nm−1. Utilizing these features, we demonstrate sensitive and spatially localized optical transduction of mechanical motion with a noise floor of 6 fm·Hz−1/2, representing a 1.5 orders of magnitude improvement over existing localized plasmomechanical systems. Flexible approaches are required for building plasmomechanical devices for tunable optical devices. Here, Roxworthyet al. introduce a plasmonic-nanoelectromechanical systems device where gap plasmon resonators are embedded into arrays of moving silicon nitride nanostructures, yielding thousands of devices per chip.
Logic Controller Design for Multivariable Nonllnear Systems

Abstract A logic controller with free design parameters is proposed for the control of nonlinear, and poorly modeled plants. The proposed logic controller structure is a result of a polar partitioning of the output space of dimension m equal to the number of controls. The essential features of this class of logic controllers are (i) an overlapping polar partition of the m-dimensional output space into m+1 regions, (ii)an efficient parameterization of these regions, and (iii) the systematic construction of the output space to guarantee stability and performance.
Molecular Imprinted Silica with West Nile Antibody Templates show Specific and Selective Binding in Immunoassays.

A new molecular imprinting technique was developed for molecularly imprinted polymer particles (MIPs). Particles were synthesized using organic silane chemistries by a sol-gel process, where the relative amount of active monomers was complementary matched to the relative amount of surface charges of the West Nile antibody template. Synthesized MIPs showed specific binding to affinity purified polyclonal West Nile antibodies (WNA) with a loading capacity of 80 μg/mg, while MIPs absorbed non-specific proteins at a loading capacity of 28 μg/mg. A dissociation constant of Kd=57.45 μM was measured from the binding isotherms. MIPs selectively absorbed 27 times more WNA than either albumin or immunoglobulin, while MIPs absorbed 16 times more WNA than nonimprinted particles (NIPs). Finally, fluorescently labeled MIPs were incubated in a high bind 96 well plate previously loaded with template, albumin, or immunoglobulin as an immunoassay test. Fluorescent MIPs significantly bound more to wells with WNA than any other control. Thus, the development of new affordable and robust immunoassays with MIPs would be possible in the future.
Umbilical Cord Oxygen Content and Neonatal Morbidity at Term.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between umbilical cord partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) at delivery and neonatal morbidity. Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of term deliveries with universal cord gas collection between 2010 and 2014. The primary composite outcome of neonatal morbidity included neonatal death, meconium aspiration syndrome, intubation, mechanical ventilation, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and hypothermia treatment. Umbilical artery (UA), vein (UV), UV minus UA (Δ) pO2, and hypoxemia (pO2 ≤ fifth percentile) were compared between patients with and without neonatal morbidity. Areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves were used to assess the predictive ability of pO2. Results Of 7,789 patients with paired umbilical cord pO2, 106 (1.4%) had the composite neonatal morbidity. UA pO2 was significantly lower in patients with neonatal morbidity compared with those without (median [interquartile range]: 16 (12, 21) vs. 19 (15, 24) mm Hg, p Conclusion Although UA pO2 is significantly lower in patients with neonatal morbidity, it is a poor predictor of neonatal morbidity at term.
Status of the Vibrational Theory of Olfaction

The vibrational theory of olfaction is an attempt to describe a possible mechanism for olfaction which is explanatory and provides researchers with a set of principles which permit predictions allowing for structure-odor relations. Similar theories have occurred several times throughout olfactory science; this theory has again recently come to prominence by Luca Turin who suggested that inelastic electron tunneling is the method by which vibrations are detected by the olfactory receptors within the hose. This work is intended to convey to the reader the an up-to-date account of the vibrational theory of olfaction, both the historical iterations as well as the present iteration. This text is designed to give a chronological account of both theoretical and experimental studies on the topic, while providing context, comments and background where they were found to be needed.
Current Landscape of Telemedicine Practice in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprised of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, affects 1.6 million people in the United States. Although effective medical treatments exist to treat the disease, outcomes are still suboptimal. The reasons for poor outcomes vary but include nonadherence to therapy, inadequate monitoring of patients, limited access to IBD specialty care, concurrent psychiatric disease, limited patient knowledge of the disease and treatments, and patient provider discordance. Telemedicine is a candidate intervention that can be used to improve patient outcomes through more frequent monitoring, patient self-management, delivery of education (patient and provider), and to increase access to multidisciplinary IBD care. Telemedicine includes remote monitoring, telehealth, teleconsultation, and teleconferencing. Telemedicine systems have been used in patients with IBD with widespread patient acceptance of the technology. However, early clinical trials demonstrated high attrition rates among intervention patients. In general, use of telemedicine systems have been associated with improved quality of life, improved patient knowledge, and decreased utilization of health care resources. Early studies evaluating telehealth visits report high patient satisfaction, decreased indirect costs to patients, and no decrease in quality of care delivered. Due to widespread access to computers and smart phones among patients, telemedicine will continue to expand in the care of patients with IBD. To optimize use and effectiveness of telemedicine, barriers for use including concerns over increased liability, need for informed consent, licensure restrictions to providing interstate telehealth visits, and cybersecurity need to be addressed.
Stigmatizing Attitudes Toward People Living with HIV Among Adults and Adolescents in the United States

Stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV (PLWH) cause psychological distress for PLWH and hinder HIV prevention efforts. We estimated the prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes among 6809 adults and 885 adolescents who responded to online surveys in 2015. Fear of casual contact with PLWH was reported by 17.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.3-18.6%] of adults and 31.6% (CI 27.8-35.4%) of adolescents. Among adults, 12.5% (CI 11.6-13.5%) endorsed a measure of moral judgment toward PLWH. Stigmatizing attitudes toward PLWH persist in the United States. Continued monitoring of these attitudes and efforts to reduce associated stigma are warranted.
Reaction Times for Recognition of Degraded Facial Images

We report data from experiments measuring reaction times necessary to discriminate human faces from non-faces. The study is a continuation of our previous work [1] to establish a benchmark in human face recognition using degraded images. A two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) experiment is used. Both stimulus images (face/non-face) are uniformly degraded in terms of the number of pixels (using a modification of the Haar wavelet) and the number of gray scales.
The Clinical Sociologist in Medical Settings

As medicine has come to recognize the importance of psychological and sociological variables in the role of health and disease, the demand for clinical sociologists in medical settings has increased. In this chapter, the history of medical sociology will be reviewed, the special roles of clinical sociologists in medical settings will be discussed, and the usefulness of sociological theory in delivering health care services will be noted. Fertile areas of development for clinical sociologists, including medical ethics, chronic disease, and the establishment of personal and social Wellness, will be outlined. In order for clinical sociologists to deliver services, they must gain professional acceptance, so some discussion of credibility for clinical sociologists in medical settings is included. This chapter should provide the reader with an understanding of the special needs of patients and providers in the health care professions. More important, it will demonstrate how the unique skills of clinical sociologists can be used in medical settings and show that clinicians working within a medical framework may find the opportunities to help bring about monumental social change.
Core Manufacturing Competencies

A clear understanding of manufacturing competencies improves the formulation and implementation of manufacturing strategy for competitive advantage. Manufacturing competencies play three key roles in the formulation of strategy: (1) they clarify the differences between manufacturing means and manufacturing outcomes; (2) manufacturing competencies help maintain a strategic direction over time; and (3) they provide deeper insights for translating manufacturing policies into product attributes that produce competitive advantages. The following companies are discussed here: Allegheny Ludlum Corp; GM; Hitachi Seiki; John Crane Limited; Nummi; Toyota.
Catalyzing Youth Civic Engagement Through Innovations in Social Computing

Social computing platforms (e.g., Facebook and Twitter) offer ways for youth activist groups to engage in civic action. However, it is challenging for youth activists to collaboratively leverage their networks and strategically engage in collective action online. Therefore, tools are needed to help these groups to better understand and leverage the resources available to them online for creating public engagement around issues of their interest. In my thesis, I want to explore how interactive social network visualizations can help youth activist groups to identify as a group online and to enhance their collective efficacy at engaging in collective action online.
Perioperative Management of the Heart Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory Support Device Patient

The care of patients with end-stage, decompensated heart failure involves a unique mix of medical and surgical interventions designed to prolong life and alleviate symptoms. Currently, heart transplantation and placement of durable mechanical support devices are the treatments of choice for those with end-stage heart failure. As the prevalence of these interventions increases, intensivists need to become more familiar with the core concepts and challenges involved in providing optimal care to these challenging patients. Although by no means comprehensive, the following case-based report is designed to illustrate the most important concepts and most common pitfalls of the perioperative management of the patient with a mechanical circulatory support device or heart transplant.
Forgiveness, Addiction, and Suicide

The role of the positive psychological and spiritual construct of forgiveness in the context of addiction and suicidal behavior has begun to receive attention in the empirical literature. Although in the early stages of development, theoretical modeling and data-driven studies have begun to examine these relationships. Initial studies in each area, 33 in the context of addiction and 21 in the context of suicidal behavior, overwhelmingly suggest a salubrious effect of multiple dimensions of forgiveness in the treatment and prevention of addiction and suicidal behavior. An overview of the psychology of forgiveness as it relates to addiction and suicidal behavior is provided, including an updated literature review, theoretical modeling, and a first study examining the association of forgiveness with suicidal behavior among college student problematic drinkers, as mediated by alcohol problems, depressive symptoms, and psychache. The chapter concludes with a discussion of clinical implications for treatment and prevention. In sum, forgiveness, implementable through a variety of individual-level treatment modalities and public health-oriented outreach and education, may be a powerful antidote to the ruminative stress, resentment-building, and self-condemning effects of addictive and suicidal behavior.
Forced convection steam-water experimental database in a vertical annulus with local measurements

Abstract A new database of steam water flow in a vertical annulus is developed in the Multiphase Thermo-fluid Dynamics Laboratory (MTDL) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The focus of the dataset is on the two-phase phenomena of condensing, flashing, and saturated flow in a vertical channel. The 2 m annular channel with inner and outer diameter of 19.1 mm and 38.1 mm respectively is located downstream of an internally heated annular section. Five measurement ports in this unheated section provide measurement of pressure and local measurements of void fraction, interfacial area concentration, gas velocity, Sauter mean diameter, and liquid temperature. The dataset was designed for validation of one-dimensional system codes and multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics codes. Detailed local measurements of three representative cases are shown to highlight the complexity of local two-phase flow phenomena observed along the test section. A parametric analysis is also conducted to show the sensitivity of system parameters on the axially evolving two-phase flow. The focus of the adiabatic steam-water flow fills an important gap in validation data between the simplified hydro-dynamic data of air-water flow and the complex thermo-fluid dynamic data of boiling flows.
Lacasa, P. (coord.) (2006). Aprendiendo periodismo digital: Historias de pequeñas escritoras. Madrid: Antonio Machado Libros. Pp. 287. ISBN 84- 7774-176-X

Resena del libro Aprendiendo periodismo digital: Historias de pequenas escritoras, de Lacasa, P. (2006)
“Like a Half-Crushed Worm”: Affliction, Negative Capability, and Apophatic Aesthetics in the Work of Nuclear Death

This paper turns to Arizona-based band Nuclear Death (1985-2000) as a case of apophatic aesthetics in extreme metal. Amador Vega’s “apophatic aesthetics” offers a framework for theorizing formlessness as preamble to form’s emergence. Emergent forms of “love” and “justice” in Nuclear Death’s work are discussed in reference to Michele Toscan’s biographical sketch of the band. Invoking the concepts of affliction and negative capability, and their respective elaboration by philosopher-mystic Simone Weil and psychoanalyst Wilfred Bion, I argue Nuclear Death do not praise or curse God, but dwell in God’s absence, suffering a state of affliction that leaves the listener “struggling on the ground like a half-crushed worm.” Bion’s negative capability and Weil’s emphasis on self-annihilation are cast as ascending and descending views of desire, and together accent different aspects of Nuclear Death’s first two albums, Bride of Insect (1990) and Carrion for Worm (1991). Lastly, I suggest that Nuclear Death invite a tragicomic response to the absurdity of affliction, which contrasts with the solemnity found in Weil’s and Bion’s works.
Standing Against Silence: Czeslaw Milosz and The Poetry of Witness

This paper explores what light an examination of the poetry of witness to trauma can shed on the treatment of trauma victims. In particular it looks at how the cultural act of writing poetry can re...
Connected and automated vehicle research and development in the United States

Connected and Automated Vehicle (CAV) is one of the most revolutionary technologies of transportation in this century. From the initial concept of automated vehicle, "American Wonder" in the 1920s to the self -driving car companies that burst onto the scene in recent year, the United States emerges as the global leader in CAV research and development. In this chapter, we will review the history and current status of CAV technology in the United States.
Robot-assisted laparoscopic placement of extravascular stent for nutcracker syndrome.

Abstract A 20-year-old man complained of debilitating left flank pain for 6 months with an episode of gross hematuria. Computed tomography showed compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery with an aortomesenteric angle of 25 degrees. Venography showed a gradient of 3 mm Hg across the compression and 94.4% luminal compression of the left renal vein. After discussion of all surgical and endovascular options, robot-assisted laparoscopic placement of an extravascular cuff around the left renal vein was performed using the da Vinci X Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, Calif). The patient did well with full resolution of the left flank pain.
Constraints on Women’s Political Agency

In local politics, women’s behavior is constantly policed due to their day-to-day proximity to the electorate. Women negotiate with the constraints imposed on their female identity by the conservative social order but these negotiations don’t start with their entry into politics. On the contrary, the political field displays important continuities with gendered patterns of socialization which female politicians experienced during childhood. The concrete impact of conservative norms depends on the use political parties make of these norms: some parties enhance them, others defy them. While political party affiliation is key to understanding the constraints on women’s political agency, each local configuration offers different opportunities for female organizing and political action which also need to be taken into account.
Criminal Justice Contacts and Psychophysiological Functioning in Early Adulthood: Health Inequality in the Carceral State:

Despite increased attention to the links between the criminal justice system and health, how criminal justice contacts shape health and contribute to racial health disparities remains to be better understood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 5,488) and several analytic techniques-including a quasi-treatment-control design, treatment-weighting procedures, and mediation analyses-this study examines how criminal justice contacts shape inflammatory and depressive risk and contribute to black-white health gaps. Findings revealed that incarceration is associated with increased C-reactive protein and depressive risk, particularly for individuals who experienced long durations of incarceration. Arrests are also associated with mental health, and mediation analyses showed that racial disparities in arrests and incarceration were drivers of black-white gaps in depressive symptoms. Together, this study provides new evidence of the role of the criminal justice system in shaping health and patterning black-white health gaps from adolescence through early adulthood.
Impact of self-assessed health status and physical and functional limitations on healthcare utilization and mortality among older cancer survivors in US.

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of physical limitations, functional limitations and self-assessed health status on mortality and healthcare utilization among older cancer survivors. National Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) cost and use data from 2008 to 2013 were used for analysis. Physical limitations, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were assessed on multiple questions, and self-assessed health was measured on a five-point scale (1–5: Excellent–Poor). Multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression models were used for hospitalization, re-hospitalization and mortality rates based on three follow up years. This study included 17,715 cancer patients with a mean age of 75 years and 57% females. Cancer survivors with poor self-assessed health had a higher rate of hospitalizations (adjusted Odds Ratio: aOR: 1.60, 95% Confidence Interval: CI: 1.47–1.72, p < 0.001) relative to non-cancer participants. Compared to participants with no history of cancer, cancer survivors with IADL (aOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.25–1.58, p < 0.001) or with poor self-assessed health (aOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.21–1.60, p < 0.001) were more likely to have a higher number of hospital readmissions within 30 days of a prior hospitalization. Three-year mortality rate was significantly higher among cancer survivors with poor self-assessed health (Hazard Ratio: 2.81, 95% CI: 2.81–2.82, p < 0.001). Self-assessed health and physical and functional limitations significantly and independently impact healthcare utilization and mortality among older cancer survivors. Healthcare providers should incorporate formal assessments of both self-assessed health and functional status among older cancer survivors in their clinical practice. Self-reported health status is a valuable and independent predictor of healthcare utilization and mortality among cancer survivors.
Unusually strong hydrogen bond cooperativity in particular (H2O)20 clusters

Drawing upon an intuitive charge-transfer-based picture of hydrogen bonding, we demonstrate that cooperativity effects acting in concert can lead to unusually strong hydrogen bonds in neutral water clusters. The structure, vibrational, and NMR properties of a (H2O)20 pentagonal dodecahedron cluster containing such a strong hydrogen bond were studied using second-order perturbation theory and density functional theory. The hydrogen bond length was found to be shorter than 2.50 A. A large redshift of over 2000 cm−1 with respect to the isolated water molecule was predicted for the OH stretching frequency of the donor water molecule. A large downfield shift to 13.5 ppm of the isotropic part of the 1H magnetic shielding tensor together with an unusually large shielding anisotropy of 49.9 ppm was obtained. The hydrogen bond energy was calculated using symmetry-adapted perturbation theory and was found to be more than three times stronger than a typical hydrogen bond in liquid water.
A Disentangled Latent Space for Cross-Site MRI Harmonization

Accurate interpretation and quantification of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is vital to medical research and clinical practice. However, lack of MRI standardization and differences in acquisition protocols often lead to measurement inconsistencies across sites. Image harmonization techniques have been shown to improve qualitative and quantitative consistency between differently acquired scans. Unfortunately, these methods typically require paired training data from traveling subjects (for supervised methods) or assumptions about anatomical similarities between the populations (for unsupervised methods). We propose a deep learning-based harmonization technique with limited supervision for use in standardization across scanners and sites. By leveraging a disentangled latent space represented by a high-resolution anatomical information component (\(\beta \)) and a low-dimensional contrast component (\(\theta \)), the proposed method trains a cross-site harmonization model using databases of multi-modal image pairs acquired separately from each of the scanners to be harmonized. In this manuscript, we show that by using T\(_1\)-weighted and T\(_2\)-weighted images acquired from different subjects at three different sites, we can achieve a stable extraction of \(\beta \) with a continuous representation of \(\theta \). We also demonstrate that this allows cross-site harmonization without the need for paired data between sites.
Osseous Pathology on Wrist Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Advanced imaging of the osseous structures of the wrist by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yields powerful information regarding marrow composition and overall bone structure. Various forms of pathology, both benign and malignant, have unique marrow signal abnormalities that can be easily detected by MRI given its high sensitivity to radiographically occult processes. In particular, osseous pathology can be seen in the setting of traumatic, degenerative, congenital, infectious, and neoplastic conditions. The acuity or chronicity of these conditions can often be determined by imaging to aid in appropriate therapy. A thorough understanding of the breadth of pathology and corresponding MRI appearances can allow the interpreting radiologist to formulate a concise and accurate assessment of an examination.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of subscapularis management techniques in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND Controversy exists regarding the optimal subscapularis management technique in patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical, radiographic, and functional outcomes between subscapularis tenotomy (ST), lesser tuberosity osteotomy (LTO), and subscapularis peel (SP) techniques. METHODS We performed a level III systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing ST, LTO, and SP in patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty. Our primary collection endpoints included range of motion, subscapularis function, subscapularis healing, functional patient-reported outcomes, complications, and revision surgery. Data were pooled and network meta-analysis was performed owing to the comparison of 3 groups. RESULTS Eight studies met our inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. There was no difference in sex or primary diagnosis between the 3 cohorts. No significant difference was found in postoperative external rotation or forward flexion between the groups. Meta-analysis found the SP cohort to have significantly greater internal rotation strength than the ST cohort. The belly-press test results were negative most commonly in the LTO group, and there was a significant difference compared with the ST or SP group (P < .0001). The weighted-mean healing rate for the LTO site was 98.9% on radiographic imaging. There was a significantly higher ultrasound healing rate in the LTO cohort than in the ST and SP cohorts. All groups had good postoperative patient-reported outcome scores (average American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score range, 78.6-87) and a relatively low rate of complications (3%). CONCLUSION This network meta-analysis demonstrates that the LTO group has superior healing and postoperative subscapularis-specific physical examination test results compared with the ST and SP groups. However, no difference in postoperative range of motion was found between the groups, and all techniques demonstrated good functional patient-reported outcomes, with a low rate of postoperative complications. These findings provide evidence-based support that ST, SP, and LTO all demonstrate similar outcomes; therefore, selection should be based on surgeon experience and comfort.
Effects of pathogen reduction technology and storage duration on the ability of cryoprecipitate to rescue induced coagulopathies in vitro.

BACKGROUND Fibrinogen concentrates and cryoprecipitate are currently used for fibrinogen supplementation in bleeding patients with dysfibrinogenemia. Both products provide an abundant source of fibrinogen but take greater than 10 min to prepare for administration. Fibrinogen concentrates lack coagulation factors (i.e., factor VIII [FVIII], factor XIII [FXIII], von Willebrand factor [VWF]) important for robust hemostatic function. Cryoprecipitate products contain these factors but have short shelf lives (<6 h). Pathogen reduction (PR) of cryoprecipitate would provide a shelf-stable immediately available adjunct containing factors important for rescuing hemostatic dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Hemostatic adjunct study products were psoralen-treated PR-cryoprecipitated fibrinogen complex (PR-Cryo FC), cryoprecipitate (Cryo), and fibrinogen concentrates (FibCon). PR-Cryo FC and Cryo were stored for 10 days at 20-24°C. Adjuncts were added to coagulopathies (dilutional, 3:7 whole blood [WB]:normal saline; or lytic, WB + 75 ng/ml tissue plasminogen activator), and hemostatic function was assessed by rotational thromboelastometry and thrombin generation. RESULTS PR of cryoprecipitate did not reduce levels of FVIII, FXIII, or VWF. PR-Cryo FC rescued dilutional coagulopathy similarly to Cryo, while generating significantly more thrombin than FibCon, which also rescued dilutional coagulopathy. Storage out to 10 days at 20-24°C did not diminish the hemostatic function of PR-Cryo FC. DISCUSSION PR-Cryo FC provides similar and/or improved hemostatic rescue compared to FibCon in dilutional coagulopathies, and this rescue ability is stable over 10 days of storage. In hemorrhaging patients, where every minute delay is associated with a 5% increase in mortality, the immediate availability of PR-Cryo FC has the potential to improve outcomes.
Correspondence on 'Severity of COVID-19 and survival in patients with rheumatic and inflammatory diseases: data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort of 694 patients'.

The article of interest entitled ‘Severity of COVID-19 and survival in patients with rheumatic and inflammatory diseases: data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort of 694 patients’, is an important study with the largest cohort of patients with systemic vasculitis (65 patients, 9%).1 Furthermore, 17 patients (26% all vasculitis) had antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.1 The study has many important findings. While risk factors for severe COVID-19 in this large study were similar to those observed in patients with non-rheumatic diseases, vasculitis was found to be an independent risk factor for severe infection and mortality.1 This is in contrast to another large cohort of 600 patients with rheumatological conditions (7% vasculitis) from the Global Rheumatology Alliance, where the underlying rheumatological condition was not associated with increased risk of hospitalisation from COVID-19.2 The other important finding from the study by the multicentre French study is that while only 2.5% of the cohort had ANCA-associated vasculitis, this diagnosis was present in 12% (7/58) of the total deaths observed in the study.1 …
What To Do With the Sheep in Wolf's Clothing: The Role of Rhetoric and Reality About Youth Offenders in the Constructive Dismantling of the Juvenile Justice System

Why is it notjust and proper to treat these juvenile offenders, as we deal with the neglected children, as a wise and merciful father handles his own child whose errors are not discovered by the authorities? Why is it not the duty of the state, instead of asking merely whether a boy or a girl has committed a specific offense, to find out what he is, physically, mentally, morally, and then if it learns that he is treading the path that leads to criminality, to take him in charge, not so much to punish as to reform, not to degrade but to uplift, not to crush but to develop, not to make him a criminal but a worthy citizen.
Chapter 20 Mutations That Affect Nuclear Organization in Yeast

Publisher Summary This chapter describes a genetic approach to investigate the nuclear order in yeast and discusses the development of a screen for mutations that disrupt nuclear organization. This approach relies on the observation that loop attachment complexes are evolutionarily conserved. The matrix associated region (MAR), initially characterized in the mouse κ-immunoglobulin gene, binds specifically to isolated yeast nuclear matrices. When inserted into a yeast promoter, the mouse κ-MAR interferes with transcription in vivo by interaction with yeast proteins. These observations were used to develop a genetic screen based on alleviation of the inhibitory effect of the MAR. This method is also applicable to the identification and/or characterization of other DNA/protein complexes. The method can be adopted to investigate the interaction between any DNA-binding protein and its recognition sequence, provided the protein is found in or can be expressed in yeast cells. The technique can also be used to clone DNA-binding proteins from mammalian cells. Yeast containing an assay plasmid with the relevant sequence inserted into the GAL1 promoter test site is transformed with the mammalian cDNA expression library and β-galactosidase activity of the transformants assayed on X-gal indicator plates.
Time resolved magnetic imaging at 10Ghz and beyond

Understanding magnetic properties at ultrafast timescales is crucial for the development of new generations of magnetic devices. Such devices will employ the spin torque or spin Hall effect, whose manifestation at the nanoscale is not yet sufficiently understood, which is why studies addressing these effects are of great fundamental significance as well. The samples of interest are often thin film magnetic multilayers with thicknesses in the range of a atomic layers. This fact alone presents a sensitivity challenge in STXM microscopy, which is more suited toward studying thicker samples. In addition the relevant time scale is of the order of 10 ps, which is well below the typical x-ray pulse length of 50–100 ps. Altogether this means that pushing the time resolution of a synchrotron x-ray microscopy experiment is synonymous with improving the signal to noise ratio on the detector and providing stable, low jitter excitation to not further dilute the already small magnetic signals. To achieve the required stability and sensitivity the SSRL STXM is equipped with a single photon counting electronics that effectively allows us to use a double lock-in detection at 476MHz (the x-ray pulse frequency) and 1.28MHz (the synchrotron revelation frequency). The pulsed or continuous sample excitation source is synchronized with the synchrotron source with a few picosecond drift over 24 hours (see figure). This setup currently allows us to achieve a signal to noise ratio of better than 10000, enabling us to detect miniscule variations of the x-ray absorption cross section.
Reaction Mechanism of 17β-Estradiol Dehydrogenase Determined by Equilibrium Rate Exchange

Abstract The reaction mechanism of human placental estradiol dehydrogenase (17β-estradiol:NAD-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.62) has been investigated by measuring the rate of isotopic exchange between substrate-product pairs while varying concentrations of unlabeled reactants. The results show that the reaction is random with respect to order of substrate addition and that binary complex formation involving either cosubstrate or steroid may occur. Substitution of NADP:NADPH for NAD:NADH produces a marked increase in steroid exchange rates suggesting a decrease in steroid Michaelis constants. Inequality of cosubstrate and steroid exchange rates indicates that chemical transformation is not a rate-limiting step in the over-all reaction. No abortive complex formation was detected.
Peripheral Aneurysms in Children—A Link to Trauma

Evaluation of soft tissue masses is a common component of pediatric practice and usually includes adenopathy v soft tissue neoplasia in the differential diagnosis. Recent experience with a young child referred for an enlarging axillary mass, which was found to be an aneurysm of the axillary artery, illustrates the natural history ofthis uncommon lesion and its frequent association with trauma in the pediatric population. CASE REPORT A 45/12-year-old boy had a 3-month history of an enlarging right axillary mass. Although the child remained asymptomatic, gradual enlargement of the mass was described. The parents could recall no history of injury to the affected extremity (including arterial puncture for blood gas analysis) but, when questioned further, did describe transient discomfort several months previously when an adolescent sibling had grabbed him suddenly by the upper arm while running alongside and lifted him from the ground when he tripped and fell.
Decoding of Reed-Muller codes with polylogarithmic complexity

Code transmission is considered over a binary symmetric (BS) channel whose bit error probability is arbitrarily close to 1/2. New recursive decoding algorithms are designed for Reed-Muller (RM) codes of growing length 2m and fixed order r. The algorithms retrieve all information with a vanishing error probability and polylogarithmic complexity of order mr+1.
Analysis of design requirements for electronic tags from a business viewpoint

The significance, which businesses and governments have placed on the RFID and NFC technologies in electronic article surveillance, the cashless payment systems from credit cards and public transportation tickets to the consumer devices, healthcare, and e-government, involves reviewing requirements for the electronic tags. This paper defines the electronic tag life cycle that follows the product life cycle, considers representative business processes and interacting business entities, classifies the electronic tag usage methods, identifies the electronic tag risks, and summarizes the design requirements for the electronic tags from a business viewpoint to be considered by the RFID and NFC developers.