cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Survival of Coryneform Bacteria during Periods of Prolonged Nutrient Starvation

Summary: Cultures of 16 coryneform bacteria were grown to late-exponential stage in nutrient media, washed, and starved in 30 mm-potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.0, with no external energy or carbon source. After 4 weeks starvation, 20 to 98% of each culture was still viable; after 8 weeks, 5 to 70% of each culture was still viable. Little change in cell shape or size was detected in Arthrobacter globiformis, A. nicotianae, Brevibacterium linens, Corynebacterium fascians, Mycobacterium rhodochrous and Nocardia roseum when studied by electron microscopy for up to 56 d, although there was a gradual disappearance of intracellular material. No resting structures were discernible. All organisms showed an immediate decrease in endogenous respiration to less than 1% of that observed during growth. A low basal level of endogenous metabolism equivalent to 0.01 to 0.03% of cellular carbon oxidized to CO2 h−1 was maintained for 56 d. Carbohydrate, intracellular pools, protein, ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid were utilized at varying rates by different organisms during this period. All species were effective in maintaining 20 to 70% of their Mg2+ content during a 28 d starvation period in the absence of any external Mg2+. It would appear that the soil coryneform bacteria possess similar survival characteristics in laboratory studies which could explain, in part, their ecological success in natural environments.
Too hot, too cold: issues with vaccine storage.

In the United States, infants, children, and adolescents receive ∼130 million immunizations annually as part of the recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule.1,2 In addition, recommendations for annual influenza immunization have become more inclusive,1,2 and new pediatric vaccines continue to be licensed.3 Each recommended vaccine has specific storage requirements that must be maintained during transport and after receipt until administration. To guide immunization programs and health care professionals, information on vaccine administration and storage is provided in the Red Book from the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases; in the “General Recommendations on Immunization” statement from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)4,5; and in the CDC publication “Vaccine Management: Recommendations for Storage and Handling of Selected Biologicals.”6 Vaccine susceptibility to loss of potency from out-of range temperatures depends on … Address correspondence to Larry K. Pickering, MD, FAAP, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, NE, Mailstop E05, Atlanta, GA 30333. E-mail: lpickering{at}cdc.gov
cGMP mediates the desensitization to bradykinin in isolated canine coronary arteries

The relaxation to bradykinin in canine coronary arteries is mediated by endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) and hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Desensitization to the kinin was induced by incubation of canine coronary arteries with endothelium with 10(-8) M bradykinin for 30 min. After washout, tissues were contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha, and concentration-relaxation curves to bradykinin were obtained in control and desensitized arteries treated with indomethacin. After desensitization, there was a shift to the right of the concentration-relaxation curves to bradykinin. However, the elevation in guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels evoked by bradykinin was similar in both groups of tissues. The curves to bradykinin obtained in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine (an NO synthase inhibitor) were depressed, whereas those obtained in arteries contracted with potassium (to eliminate the EDHF-mediated relaxation) were not affected by the desensitization. Addition of NG-nitro-L-arginine, oxyhemoglobin, or methylene blue before the desensitization procedure preserved, whereas 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, a donor of NO) and 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate impaired, the EDHF-mediated relaxation to bradykinin. Thus the selective impairment of the EDHF-dependent relaxation to bradykinin may be mediated by NO, acting mainly through increased production of cGMP.
Finders Keepers

In the darkness of space, a territorial war ensues. This comical battle is futile. Two species compete to plant the first flag, and the competition escalates to a contest to place the greatest number of flags on a planet and claim it for their home world.
Who uses flexible spending accounts: effects of employee characteristics and employer strategies.

BACKGROUND Many large employers offer flexible spending accounts (FSAs) to shelter their employees' out-of-pocket medical expenses from taxes and thereby to encourage the purchase of health insurance policies with higher cost sharing. However, very little empirical research has examined the individual employee's decision to contribute to an FSA. OBJECTIVES To estimate equations for the probability that single employees with no dependents and employees with family health insurance coverage will contribute to FSAs, and the amounts contributed by those with FSAs. RESEARCH DESIGN An observational study of randomly-selected employees in 15 Minnesota firms matched with information on the strategies those firms use to promote FSAs. Measures of FSA participation were regressed on expected health care spending, employee socio-demographics, and employer strategies. SUBJECTS 779 single employees with no dependents and 679 employees with family coverage. RESULTS Education beyond high school increases the probability that both types of subjects will contribute to FSAs, with marginal effects ranging from 16 to 48 percent. The FSA contribution rate for families doubles when the family's marginal federal income tax rate increases from 15 to 28 percent. Employer strategies to encourage participation are also effective in promoting FSAs. CONCLUSIONS FSAs are used mainly by high-income and highly-educated workers. We question whether this is an equitable use of the income tax code.
Retrieval of microbiological specimens through the fiberoptic bronchoscope.

Lower respiratory tract infections in the immunocompromised host and hospitalized patient are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The methods of determining the causative agent range from sputum Gram staining to open lung biopsy. Because of the inadequacy of the former and the invasiveness of the latter, the fiberoptic bronchoscope is being used more frequently as a diagnostic tool. This paper reviews its utility in diagnosing infectious pneumonias and concentrates on the use of the microbiology specimen brush and bronchoalveolar lavage.
White Men Playing a Black Man's Game: Basketball's "Great White Hopes" of the 1970s

Since the retirement of Larry Bird in 1992 as perhaps the most celebrated white basketball player in the history of the sport, basketball fans and the media have dubbed countless white-skinned players as “the next Larry Bird.” Yet this search for a fair-skinned basketball savior was not a phenomenon unique to the nineties or even one that originated in 1979 when Bird entered the National Basketball Association. In fact, Bird’s arrival merely positioned him next in a long line of “Great White Hopes” from the 1970s, an era characterized by the contest between African Americans empowered by the civil rights movement and whites threatened by a perceived rise in black cultural awareness. From Bill Bradley to Bill Walton, white NBA fans sought fair-skinned heroes. But many of these “Great White Hopes” failed to live up to the lofty expectations as white men playing a black man’s game.
V3A takes over a job of MT+ after training on a visual task.

A person’s performance on a perceptual task can be significantly improved by repetitive training on the task. This improvement is termed perceptual learning and is regarded as a manifestation of adult plasticity in perceptual and brain processing (1). To date, detailed neural mechanisms of perceptual learning have yet to be completely understood. The recent study by Chen et al. in PNAS (2) advances the understanding by showing that transfer of perceptual learning of 100% coherent motion to noisy motion is associated with dramatic changes in involved neural sites.
Long-term follow-up of aortic valve replacement with the fresh aortic homograft.

The long-term results of aortic valve replacement with the fresh aortic homograft, performed in 114 patients at Stanford University Medical Center from 1967 to 1971, were evaluated. There were 10 operative deaths (8.8 per cent), only 3 (5 per cent) in the period from 1968 to 1971. There were 6 late deaths in the first year (5.8 per cent) and 8 in later years (1.5 per cent per year); 12 late deaths were due to cardicc causes, 6 of them to valve dysfunction. The homograft was replaced later with a prosthetic valve or heterograft in 22 patients (3.2 per cent per year): for regurgitation in 20 and for calcific stenosis in only one. Infective endocarditis occurred in 5 cases, accounting for one operative death, 2 late deaths, and 2 reoperations with survival. Systemic thromboembolism occurred in 6 patients, 3 with mitral valve disease, one with atrial fibrillation, and one with infective endocarditis; none was a proved instance of embolism from bland thrombus on the aortic homograft valve. Of 53 patients followed for 5 years or more with the homograft intact, 47 have minimal or no disability, despite aortic diastolic murmurs in many. We conclude that long-term results are good in the majority of patients, with aortic regurgitation requiring reoperation being the leading complication. These results may serve as a basis for comparison of more recently introduced methods of aortic valve replacement.
Exact-Permutation-Based Sign Tests for Clustered Binary Data Via Weighted and Unweighted Test Statistics

Clustered binary data occur frequently in many application areas. When analyzing data of this form, ignoring key features, such as the intracluster correlation, may lead to inaccurate inference, e.g., inflated Type I error rates. For clustered binary data, Gerard and Schucany (Comput Stat Data Anal 51:4622–4632, 2007) proposed an exact test for examining whether the marginal probability of a response differs from 0.5, which is the null hypothesis considered in the classic sign test. This new test maintains the specified Type I error rate and has more power, when compared to both the classic sign and permutation tests. The test statistic proposed by these authors equally weights the observed data from each cluster, regardless of whether the clusters are of equal size. To further improve the performance of the Gerard and Schucany test, a weighted test statistic is proposed and two weighting schemes are investigated. Seeking to further improve the performance of the proposed test, empirical Bayes estimates of the cluster-level success probabilities are utilized. These adaptations lead to 5 new tests, each of which are shown through simulation studies to be superior to the Gerard and Schucany (Comput Stat Data Anal 51:4622–4632, 2007) test. The proposed tests are further illustrated using data from a chemical repellency trial.
Vergleichende mikroanalytische Untersuchungen an Mehrstoffgleitlagern mittels Atomabsorption, Röntgendiffraktion und Elektronenstrahl-Mikrosonde

In hochtourigen Dieselmotoren sind die Anforderungen an Gleitlager in bezug auf Ermudungsfestigkeit, Verschleiswiderstand und Korrosionsbestandigkeit besonders hoch1. Fur den Einsatz eignen sich Mehrstoffgleitlager mit Sn- bzw. In-haltigen Bleibasislaufschichten und Diffusionssperrschichten auf dem darunterliegenden Bleibronze-Lageraus-gus, der sich in einer Stahlstutzschale befindet.
Node-Pair Feature Extraction for Link Prediction

In social networks, one of the most essential problems is predicting existence or formation of a link between nodes. Traditional structure based link predicting algorithms leverage node properties such as degree and centrality and relation between nodes such as common neighbors and paths. Most of these algorithms rely on visibility of the entire or significant portion of the network structure, node centrality and shortest distance between nodes often require global knowledge. This work uses a back propagation neural network to predict existence or emergence of a link between pairs of nodes using node pair properties such as reciprocity, transitivity and shared neighbors. A limited network visibility by individual nodes is assumed, hence the size of the node pair feature vector varies with the given visibility range. This approach is tested on a large social object centered trust network where visibility is limited to two hops, 828 accurate predictions out of 1000 pair of nodes is achieved.
CHEMICAL NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION AT THE CENTER FOR PROCESS ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

The chemical discipline of Process Analytical Chemistry focuses on new sensors and analyzers capable of acquiring quantitative chemical information from a process via online, in-line and non-invasive approaches. This is opposed to off-line or at-line methods that lead to sampling problems, time delays, and in general, an inability to control and optimize chemical processes. The Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC) at the University of Washington has long recognized that the preferred approach to process analysis is non-invasive and has pioneered a variety of process analyzers and associated multivariate data analysis tools to exploit the relatively few physical and chemical phenomena available to the non-invasive approach. This work is similar to research at the Center for Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) except that the CPAC emphasis is on quantitative chemical information. Both centers are Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers initiated by grants from the National Science Foundation. This report will include topics on non-invasive analysis, or chemical NDE, selected from the CPAC research program. Additionally, the chosen topics represent a progression from the standard spectral measurements to more complex combinations of both spectral and spatial information. The combination of spectral and spatial domains has been, in part, facilitated by the development of chemometric techniques geared towards handling complex multidimensional data sets. The first topic involves extracting both chemical and physical information from infrared emission (IRE) spectra using multivariate methods from the field of chemometrics.
Correlation between optical return loss and transmission fringe amplitude in high-index-contrast waveguides

We present a phenomenological model correlating optical return loss and amplitude of fringes in transmission spectrum due to distributed backscattering in high-index-contrast waveguides. The model is validated experimentally using four different waveguide cross sections.
Medical Complications of Spinal Cord Injury: Bone, Metabolic, Pressure Ulcers, and Sexuality and Fertility

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in significant bony, metabolic, skin, and sexual/fertility alterations. Rapid bone loss occurs after injury increasing the risk of fracture. In addition, individuals with SCI are also predisposed to extra-osseous bone formation, or heterotopic ossification, below the level of injury. Changes in basal metabolism and body composition after SCI often result in metabolic syndrome and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Sensory and mobility impairments predispose individuals with SCI to pressure ulcer formation. Finally, SCI impacts both sexual function and fertility. Singularly or in combination, these changes result in significant morbidity and have the potential to negatively impact the quality of life in this population. For each of these complications, appropriate awareness, vigilance in prevention, and early intervention, when possible, are extremely important to improve the medical condition as well as the patient’s overall quality of life.
Active identification of patients who are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonized is not associated with longer duration of vancomycin therapy.

Background Excessive prescribing of vancomycin among patients admitted to inpatient wards is a challenge for antimicrobial stewardship programs, especially in the setting of expanded screening programs for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Studies examining factors associated with longer duration of vancomycin use are limited. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the impact of universal MRSA admission screening on duration of vancomycin use at the VA Boston Healthcare System during the period from January 2013-November 2015. Results A total of 2,910 patients were administered intravenous vancomycin during the study period. A clinical culture positive for MRSA was strongly associated with vancomycin administration lasting >72 hours (odds ratio [OR], 2.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-3.97; P Conclusions Admission surveillance for MRSA nasal colonization is not a major driver of prolonged vancomycin use. A negative admission MRSA nasal screen may be a useful tool for antimicrobial stewardship programs to limit vancomycin use, particularly in noncritically ill patients.
Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and nutritional status: Implications for vitamin D assessment and dietary supplementation in oncology

9638 Background: There is emerging evidence in the literature to suggest a protective role of vitamin D in cancer survival. Vitamin D status is not routinely assessed, despite the high prevalence o...
General mean velocity distribution law for smooth-wall plane couette flow

AbstractPlane Couette flow between two parallel smooth walls is one of the classic wall-bounded shear flows. Analytical description of this flow is still limited to the linear law for laminar flow,...
A 26-Year-Old Man From Mexico With Headaches, Dysuria, and a Right Scrotal Mass.

Case Presentation A 26-year-old man with no medical history was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of his change in mental status. He was noted to be agitated at work and had difficulty walking for 2 days before being brought in to the ED by his family. According to his uncle, the patient had been complaining of a headache and pain with urination for approximately 1 week. He was born in Guerrero, Mexico (a small farm town), and moved to Los Angeles, California, in 2008.
Incorporating Magazine Project to Teach Fashion Styling Course

When college students first enter a fashion apparel/textiles design and merchandising program, they seldom know the exact career path they either wish to enter or would excel in. Partially due to the vast career opportunities available in apparel merchandising, retailing and promotions within the greater fashion industry, fashion students are often left confused of their career path as they matriculate through their academic program. Although most fashionrelated programs offer some form of curricula structure to allow undergraduate students the opportunity to explore various sectors within the courses offered at the institution (often referred as “elective”, “specialization” or “emphasis” courses), some career topics are still left untapped.
Brain changes after spinal cord injury, a quantitative meta-analysis and review

Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) lead to alterations in brain structure and brain function by direct effects of nerve damage, by secondary mechanisms, and also by longer term injury consequences such as paralysis and neuropathic pain. Here, we review neuroimaging studies of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries, perform a quantitative meta-analysis of motor and motor imagery studies, summarize structural studies, evidence of cortical reorganization, and provide an overview of diffusion and spectroscopy studies. The meta-analysis showed significantly altered motor cortex, as well as cerebellar and parietal lobe changes, and qualitatively consistent reports of alterations in somatosensory brain structure, cortical reorganization, white matter diffusion and thalamic metabolites. Larger samples in combination with standardized imaging protocols and data sharing will further our understanding of brain changes after SCI and help in defining short and long-term changes in brain systems in SCI patients. Such data would provide a basis for clinical trials, treatment outcomes, and guide novel interventions.
Energy, Green Bonds, bubbles and torrents

So what's stopping an economic shift to new energy forms? Quite simply, vested interests. Mineral fuels, including oil, coal, gas, and refined products make up 14.8% of all global trade and the companies who control these commodities have successful captured the UNFCCC process to arrest climate change with talk of a 'green economy' where dirty industry itself orchestrates a too slow response to climate change that diverts public money into their own balance sheets for less than impressive little projects in greenness.
Botox for Axillary Hyperhydrosis

I have treated a number of patients with axillary hyperhydrosis. I have tried the various methods and doses and have found that 100 units (50 units per side) is very effective for about 8 months. This is consistent with what I found with facial hyperhydrosis in Frey’s syndrome.
Parasitic Stress and Self-Medication in Wild Animals

Publisher Summary Along with competition and predation, parasitism is one of the main sources of biotic stress facing all organisms. Recently, it has become recognized that animal diets may also be shaped by the need for protection from parasites. Foraging behavior evolves primarily to meet the need of a nutritionally adequate diet. However, just as foraging behavior can be affected by predators and competitors, some features of diet selection seem to have evolved to stave off or reduce parasitism. These adaptations can include the avoidance of foods that are also potential sources of parasitic infection, the use of prophylactic substances, and the consumption of therapeutic substances. This chapter incorporates self-medication into the broader phenomena—namely, the effects of plant chemicals across several trophic levels—and categorizes self-medicating behavior into two basic forms: prophylactic and therapeutic. It reviews evidence in the published literature for the occurrence of self-medication in nonhuman vertebrates. The chapter also discusses behavioral mechanisms that may play a role in self-medication and highlights potential implications for other areas of research.
Religious Education in United States’ State Schools

Using the experience of the United States and its experiment of banning religion in public schools, this essay explores the impact of such separation on interreligious dialogue. The ramifications of such a split are highlighted and critiqued. The author proposed that the United States, given its religious diversity and its commitment to schools, should be a leading participant in discussion about emerging meanings of “religious education” but it is absent. He asserts that if it is to confront its political, ecological, and economic problems, the academic examination of religion is a needed part of education.
Author Correction: High-rate electroreduction of carbon monoxide to multi-carbon products

The original Supplementary Information file published with this Article had the diffusion coefficient values of carbonate and hydrogen carbonate ions switched in the table below equation (21). A new Supplementary Information file has been uploaded with the correct values.
Molecular characterization of Bathymodiolus mussels and gill symbionts associated with chemosynthetic habitats from the U.S. Atlantic margin

Mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus are among the most widespread colonizers of hydrothermal vent and cold seep environments, sustained by endosymbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria. Presumed species of Bathymodiolus are abundant at newly discovered cold seeps on the Mid-Atlantic continental slope, however morphological taxonomy is challenging, and their phylogenetic affinities remain unestablished. Here we used mitochondrial sequence to classify species found at three seep sites (Baltimore Canyon seep (BCS; ~400m); Norfolk Canyon seep (NCS; ~1520m); and Chincoteague Island seep (CTS; ~1000m)). Mitochondrial COI (N = 162) and ND4 (N = 39) data suggest that Bathymodiolus childressi predominates at these sites, although single B. mauritanicus and B. heckerae individuals were detected. As previous work had suggested that methanotrophic and thiotrophic interactions can both occur at a site, and within an individual mussel, we investigated the symbiont communities in gill tissues of a subset of mussels from BCS and NCS. We constructed metabarcode libraries with four different primer sets spanning the 16S gene. A methanotrophic phylotype dominated all gill microbial samples from BCS, but sulfur-oxidizing Campylobacterota were represented by a notable minority of sequences from NCS. The methanotroph phylotype shared a clade with globally distributed Bathymodiolus spp. symbionts from methane seeps and hydrothermal vents. Two distinct Campylobacterota phylotypes were prevalent in NCS samples, one of which shares a clade with Campylobacterota associated with B. childressi from the Gulf of Mexico and the other with Campylobacterota associated with other deep-sea fauna. Variation in chemosynthetic symbiont communities among sites and individuals has important ecological and geochemical implications and suggests shifting reliance on methanotrophy. Continued characterization of symbionts from cold seeps will provide a greater understanding of the ecology of these unique environments as well and their geochemical footprint in elemental cycling and energy flux.
Laser velocimeter measurements of the flow fields around single- and counter-rotation propeller models

A two-component LV system was used to make detailed measurements of the flow field around both a single-rotation and a counter-rotation propeller/nacelle. The conditions measured for the single-rotation tractor configuration include two different blade angles and two propeller advance ratios, and for the counter-rotation propeller configuration include both pusher and tractor mounts. The measurements show the increasing slipstream velocities and contraction with increasing blade angle and with decreasing advance ratios. Data for the counter-rotation system show that the aft propeller turns the flow in the opposite direction from the front propeller. Additionally, the LV system was used as a diagnostic tool to provide data to explain the large side force measured on the propeller/nacelle at angle-of-attack.
Role of miR-214 in regulation of β-catenin and the malignant phenotype of melanoma

Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in melanocyte biology, especially in the early stages of melanocyte transformation and melanomagenesis. β-catenin, encoded by the gene CTNNB1, is an intracellular signal transducer of Wnt signaling and activates transcription of genes important for cell proliferation and survival. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is frequently activated in melanoma through oncogenic mutations of β-catenin and elevated β-catenin levels are positively correlated with melanoma aggressiveness. Molecular mechanisms that regulate β-catenin expression in melanoma are not fully understood. MicroRNA-214 is known to function as a tumor suppressor by targeting β-catenin in several types of cancer cells. Here, we investigated the regulation of β-catenin by miR-214 and its role in melanoma. We show that β-catenin mRNA levels are negatively correlated with miR-214 in melanoma. However, overexpression of miR-214 paradoxically increased β-catenin protein levels and promoted malignant properties of melanoma cells including resistance to mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKi). RNA-seq analysis revealed that melanoma cells predominantly express a β-catenin mRNA isoform lacking miR-214 target site. Using matched miRNA and mRNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis, we identified novel miR-214 targets, ankyrin repeat domain 6 (ANKRD6) and C-terminal binding protein 1 (CTBP1), that are involved in negative regulation of Wnt signaling. Overexpression of miR-214 or knockdown of the novel miR-214 targets, ANKRD6 or CTBP1, increased melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and decreased sensitivity to MAPKi. Our data suggest that in melanoma cells β-catenin is not regulated by miR-214 and the functions of miR-214 in melanoma are mediated partly by regulating proteins involved in attenuation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Busy Period Analysis of \(\textit{GI/G/c}\) and \(\textit{MAP/G/c}\) Queues

The busy period analysis of queueing systems, in general, is very involved and complicated. Even for the simplest queueing model, namely M / M / 1, the probability density function of the busy period is obtained in terms of modified Bessel function. A number of approaches using complex analysis, combinatorics, lattice path, and matrix-analytic methods have been applied to study some selected queueing models. While the steady-state analysis involving queue length and waiting times of queueing models, in general, has been receiving considerable and significant attention in the literature from both analytical and algorithmic points of view, the same cannot be said (relatively speaking) about busy period analysis. This is inherent in the nature of the busy period more than by choice. In this paper, after establishing the complexity involved in the study of the busy period, we record some interesting observations on the busy period under a wide variety of scenarios through simulation approach. The main purpose is to help researchers to look for novel theoretical and/or numerical approach to solving functional equations which naturally arise in the study of busy periods and use the simulated results here as one of the ways to confirm/validate their results.
Dynamics of crowdfunding and FinTech challenges

The financial technology or FinTech has received worldwide attention as the technology having the potential to disrupt various industries including the financial services industry. This study explores the dynamics of crowdfunding and FinTech challenges of Thailand. The paper specifically analyses FinTech crowdfunding, the latest peer-to-peer (P2P) platform for fund transfer under digital transformation. The empirical analyses of Thailand 4.0 policy, based on the national innovation system (NIS) approach, have shown that the Thai Government plays a key role in building a crowdfunding platform to promote entrepreneurship. The Thai Government attempts to endorse Thailand 4.0 policy to drive the nation towards the value-based economy and innovation driven economy. The findings point out the barriers both at the policy and operation levels underlying the Thai entrepreneurial innovation system. The study offers insightful lessons and implications to strengthen the crowdfunding platform for promoting knowledge-intensive economic growth.
Cooling publication fever in under-represented graduate students.

Graduate students suffer from publication fever, the all-encompassing feeling that they need to publish at all costs, argues Michel Landgrave. This single-minded focus puts them at risk of exploitation and increases hostility among peers. But great mentorship offers a way out.
A collective elastic fluctuation mechanism for decoupling and stretched relaxation in glassy colloidal and molecular liquids.

We propose a microscopic theory for the decoupling of self-diffusion and structural relaxation in glass-forming liquids within the Elastically Collective Nonlinear Langevin Equation (ECNLE) activated dynamics framework. Our central hypothesis is that the heterogeneity relevant to this problem is static fluctuations of local density on the scale of 3–4 particle diameters and how this changes local packing correlations. These fluctuations modify the degree of dynamical cage expansion that mechanistically couples intracage large amplitude hopping and longer range collective elasticity in ECNLE theory. Decoupling only emerges in the deeply supercooled regime where the strongly temperature dependent elastic barrier becomes non-negligible relative to its noncooperative local analog. The theory makes predictions for various aspects of the decoupling phenomenon, including apparent fractional power law Stokes-Einstein behavior, that appear to be consistent with experiments and simulations on hard sphere fluids and molecular liquids. Of central importance is a microscopic connection between the barrier fluctuation variance and most probable barrier height. Sensible results are also obtained for the nonexponential stretching of a generic relaxation time correlation function and its temperature evolution. Nonuniversality can arise from the relative importance of the local and collective barriers (related to fragility) and the precise magnitude of the length scale that defines the transition from local cage to elastic physics. Comparison is made with a traplike model based on a Gaussian distribution of barriers.
Knowledge Guided Named Entity Recognition for BioMedical Text.

In this work, we formulate the NER task as a multi-answer knowledge guided QA task (KGQA) which helps to predict entities only by assigning B, I and O tags without associating entity types with the tags. We provide different knowledge contexts, such as, entity types, questions, definitions and examples along with the text and train on a combined dataset of 18 biomedical corpora. This formulation (a) enables systems to jointly learn NER specific features from varied NER datasets, (b) can use knowledge-text attention to identify words having higher similarity to provided knowledge, improving performance, (c) reduces system confusion by reducing the prediction classes to B, I, O only, and (d) makes detection of nested entities easier. We perform extensive experiments of this KGQA formulation on 18 biomedical NER datasets, and through experiments we note that knowledge helps in achieving better performance. Our problem formulation is able to achieve state-of-the-art results in 12 datasets.
V Conferencia General del Episcopado (Aparecida 2007): en búsqueda de una propuesta comunicacional

El presente articulo contempla un analisis del documento conclusivo de la ultima Conferencia General del Episcopado de la Iglesia Catolica Latinoamericana, realizada en Brasil (2007). En esta investigacion, se planteo identificar la propuesta comunicacional presente en el discurso evangelizador de dicha conferencia, respondiendo preguntas como: ?Cual es el concepto de comunicacion y evangelizacion?, ?como se relacionan?, ?que valor tiene esta propuesta en America Latina? Como resultado se logro identificar una forma alternativa de comprender la comunicacion, basada en una vision cristiana latinoamericana.
Planar 2-D Beam Steering Antenna Using Liquid Metal Parasitics

We demonstrate a single-feed planar antenna capable of 2-D beam-steering using pumped liquid metal (LM) parasitics. Instead of relying on phase shifters for beam-steering, the proposed antenna employs LM plugs acting as parasitic elements to achieve up to ±48° steering in the H-plane and ±54° steering in the E-plane. The antenna can also steer in diagonal and OFF-diagonal planes using a combination of the E and H plane steering techniques. Simultaneously, the antenna maintains a 2:1 VSWR for all the states. By creating a composite realized gain plot for all these states, it is seen that the antenna can cover as much as 23% of the spherical area with at least 5 dBi of realized gain, compared to 4.5% in the absence of LM parasitic elements for beam-steering. We also quantify the pattern diversity (PD) and illustrate that the antenna achieves a greater PD than an electrically scanned $2 \times 2$ phased array occupying an equivalent aperture ( $0.55\lambda _{0} \times 0.66\lambda _{0}$ ).
Mood disorders, childhood maltreatment, and medical morbidity in US adults: An observational study.

Abstract Objective Mood disorders, child maltreatment, and medical morbidity are associated with enormous public health burden and individual suffering. The effect of mood disorders on medical morbidity, accounting for child maltreatment, has not been studied prospectively in a large, representative sample of community-dwelling US adults. This study tested the effects of mood disorders and child maltreatment on medical morbidity, and variation by subtypes. Methods Participants were noninstitutionalized US adults in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (N = 43,093 wave 1, N = 34,653 wave 2). Mood disorders included lifetime DSM-IV episodes of depression, dysthymia, mania, or hypomania. Child maltreatment was defined as sexual, physical, or emotional abuse, or physical or emotional neglect before age 18. Survey-weighted zero-inflated poisson regression was used to study effects on medical morbidity, a summary score of 11 self-reported medical conditions. Results were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity/race, income, substance use disorders, smoking, and obesity. Results Mood disorders and child maltreatment additively associated with medical morbidity at study entry and three years later, with similar magnitude as obesity and smoking. Mania/hypomania (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.10) and child sexual (IRR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04–1.11) and emotional (IRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.10) abuse were associated with higher medical morbidity longitudinally. Conclusions Child maltreatment is common, and its long-range negative effect on medical morbidity underscores the importance of trauma-informed care, and consideration of early life exposures. History of mania/hypomania should be considered in medical practice, and physical health must be emphasized in mental health care.
Attentional bias to threat and gray mater volume morphology in high anxious individuals

Abstract In a sample of highly anxious individuals, the relationship between gray matter volume brain morphology and attentional bias to threat was assessed. Participants performed a dot-probe task of attentional bias to threat and gray matter volume was acquired from whole brain structural T1-weighted MRI scans. The results replicate previous findings in unselected samples that elevated attentional bias to threat is linked to greater gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate cortex, middle frontal gyrus, and striatum. In addition, we provide novel evidence that elevated attentional bias to threat is associated with greater gray matter volume in the right posterior parietal cortex, cerebellum, and other distributed regions. Lastly, exploratory analyses provide initial evidence that distinct sub-regions of the right posterior parietal cortex may contribute to attentional bias in a sex-specific manner. Our results illuminate how differences in gray matter volume morphology relate to attentional bias to threat in anxious individuals. This knowledge could inform neurocognitive models of anxiety-related attentional bias to threat and targets of neuroplasticity in anxiety interventions such as attention bias modification.
A Pre-Research Field Work Partnership Agreement Will Benefit Literacy Research Project Partnerships

Challenges exist between the university course professors, pre-service teachers, and field work partnerships in literacy education programs. This article discusses a need to create and implement a pre-research field work agreement to increase the efficiency of literacy research projects conducted between the university and the practicum school partnership. Based on collected formal and informal research, disconnects are hindering the overall literacy research project goals from being accomplished. Specific challenging issues that are identified include ensuring placement diversity, geographical issues, researcher access to records, and adequate placement opportunities within the needed content focus supported by a highly qualified mentor. Resolutions to the challenges can be better addressed if a systematic, organized pre-research field work partnership agreement is in place.
A consideration of factors affecting palliative oral appliance effectiveness for obstructive sleep apnea: a scoping review.

Study Objectives:This scoping review allows physicians, researchers, and others interested in obstructive sleep apnea to consider effectiveness of oral appliances (OAs). The intent is to improve un...
Job creation and job destruction: The effect of trade shocks on U.S. manufacturing employment

This paper studies the effect of export expansion on the US labour market over the last two decades. Exploiting foreign emerging markets’ unilateral liberalisation, this paper provides new empirical evidence for the importance of export expansion to the US labour market at the industry level. Using a novel instrumental variable strategy, the result confirms that US exports played a critical role in supporting manufacturing employment. Reduced‐form estimates imply that US exports to different markets created more than 1.6 million manufacturing jobs between 1991 and 2007, which is comparable to the estimated job losses attributed to the import competition from China. Meanwhile, there is substantial heterogeneity in this positive employment effect across export destinations and industries. Industries not only respond differently to various export shocks, but could also experience differential employment growth facing the same export shock. I find that the job creation effect is larger for industries with a higher initial share of workers who are older, less‐educated or non‐white, and performing routine‐based tasks. In addition, the effect is more pronounced for industries that had higher labour market concentration.
An Ecohydrological Assessment of Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Herpetofauna

Climate change has implications for wildlife survival worldwide. Changing precipitation and temperature patterns increase the frequency and severity of storms with significant impacts on watershed ...
Child Development Knowledge and Father Engagement: The Mediating Role of Parenting Self-efficacy:

Early father engagement is associated with numerous positive child outcomes including cognitive development, emotional regulation, and fewer problem behaviors. Various fathering programs attempt to...
Robotic Fabrication in Conservation: Digital Workflows and Skills Evaluation

The paper describes a laboratory experiment carried out at Lawrence Technological University - College of Architecture and Design. The project assumes that the ubiquity of digital technologies in the framework of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has an important potential for the conservation of Cultural Heritage. The enhancement of digital resources, the possibility to access data simulation, and the availability of new construction tools such as robots allow for restoration methods to be augmented by digital data. In the current technological ecosystem, Cultural Heritage can benefit from digital information and digital fabrication, to achieve both digital and tangible conservation. The experiment simulates an on-site robotic fabrication process by imagining an integration of machines in the conservation building site. An industrial robot was used to operate within vertical and horizontal constraints on irregular surfaces to fabricate the missing volume of a wall gap. An abandoned church in Detroit downtown was used as a test case. A methodological workflow emerged from the research process and was evaluated as a proof of concept.
Novel case of Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia: challenges in the management

Coexistence of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) and schizophrenia can pose great diagnostic and therapeutic challenges because of their pathophysiology. Our case highlights such challenges in management. We present a case of 73-year-old man who had parkinsonism for last several years and was also diagnosed with schizophrenia. Due to lack of collateral information about the onset of symptoms and clinical course, it was difficult to distinguish iPD from neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. Even though, certain clinical findings may help to differentiate between the two conditions, single positron emission computerized tomography/DatScan was used to confirm the diagnosis of iPD. Treatment of coexisting iPD and schizophrenia can be challenging, and a delicate pharmacologic balance must be maintained to ensure adequate symptomatic control. Current evidence suggests that clozapine is a better choice for managing psychosis in these patients due to its unique receptor profile and better safety data.
Examining Service-Learning Pedagogical Practice Through Centering BIPOC Student Voices

This study centers BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) students’ experiences in service-learning courses at a predominantly White college. Researchers conducted eight semi-structured interviews using qualitative case study methods and analyzed the data through a critical conscious-ness framework. Data illuminated tensions in predominantly White spaces, perils and promises of preparation, and relationality with community partners demonstrating how Whiteness is often center-ed unintentionally. Based on the data collected, the authors suggest recommendations for implement-ing pedagogy that addresses the lived experiences of BIPOC students in service-learning courses.
A Biopsychosocial and Interprofessional Approach to the Treatment of Family and Intimate Partner Violence: It Takes a Village

Family and intimate partner violence and abuse (FIPV) is a critical public health problem with repercussions for mental and physical health. FIPV exposure also is associated with social difficulties such as low socioeconomic status, legal issues, poor access to employment and education, housing instability, and difficulty meeting other basic needs. As a biopsychosocial problem, one discipline alone cannot adequately address FIPV. While individuals who experience FIPV traditionally seek respite, care and safety through domestic violence shelters, social services or courts, they also often present to health care settings. Building on the medical-legal partnership model with critical input from a community advisory board of individuals with lived experiences of FIPV, we implemented a person-centered approach in the health care context to cohesively integrate legal, safety, social, psychological and physical health needs and concerns. The purpose of this paper is to describe the Healing through Health, Education, Advocacy and Law (HEAL) Collaborative for individuals who have experienced psychological abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect related to child maltreatment, intimate partner violence, and/or elder abuse, and review our real-world challenges and successes. We describe our interprofessional team collaboration and our pragmatic biopsychosocial framework for bringing together: professional and stakeholder perspectives; psychological, medical, legal, and personal perspectives; and clinical, evidence-based, and educational perspectives. There is no doubt that creating a program with biopsychosocial components like HEAL requires professionals appreciating each other’s contributions and the need to begin working from a common goal. Furthermore, such a program could not be successful without the contributions of individuals with the lived experience we seek to treat, coupled with the external health care clinicians’ input. We describe lessons learned to date in an effort to ease the burden for those seeking to implement such a program. Lessons include HEAL’s more recent clinical adaptions to serve patients both in-person and via telehealth in the wake of COVID-19.