cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Drilled Shaft Bents with Soil-Structure Interaction

The Direct Displacement-Based Design method is implemented for performance based seismic engineering of drilled shaft bents with consideration of soil-structure interaction effects. This was accomplished by defining an equivalent model that allows the prediction of yield displacement, displacement ductility and equivalent viscous damping for the in-plane and out-of-plane response of bents embedded in soft clay and sand. The utilization of the model is simple and requires the input of geometry, basic soil properties, target performance in terms of top displacement, ductility or strain limits and seismic demand in the form of displacement response spectra. Examples are presented to demonstrate the application of the procedure.
Sequences within the conserved cyclin box of human cyclin A are sufficient for binding to and activation of cdc2 kinase.

Abstract Cyclins are pivotal in the coordinate regulation of the cell cycle. By physical association, they are able to activate at least one of the cyclin-dependent kinases, cdc2. How this association between the catalytic moiety and cyclins leads to subsequent activation of the kinase remains unclear. In this report, we describe experiments to investigate this event at a physical level. Our approach was to map the regions required on the cyclin A molecule for interaction with cdc2. We have mapped the contact regions to two small noncontiguous stretches of amino acids, residues 189 to 241 and 275 to 320, both located within the conserved cyclin box domain of the protein. We have further shown that this region not only represents a contact site for cdc2 but apparently represents an intact functional domain with respect to cdc2 activation. This region alone is sufficient to stimulate maturation when injected into immature Xenopus laevis oocytes. This observation implies that events leading to the activation of cdc2 kinase can be mediated through small regions of the cyclin molecule that are located in the cyclin box. These regions contain some of the most highly conserved residues found between all the cyclin members so far identified. This suggests that the cyclin family members may have conserved a similar mechanism to bind and activate cyclin-dependent kinases.
Sampling of Fresh Pork for Nutrient Analysis

Paired loins from 18 barrow and gilt carcasses were randomly selected to evaluate the effect of marketing on the nutrient composition of fresh pork loins. The paired loin from one side was shipped through a predetermined marketing system, while the control loin was transported immediately back to Beltsville, MD. Rib chops from each loin were analyzed for key nutrients. The overall results from this study indicate that pork loins subjected to extreme marketing conditions have weights, appearance and quality traits and nutritional composition similar to loins shipped from a slaughter plant directly to the research facility. Thus, pork samples handled by a controlled research technique and sampled at the point of slaughter are basically equivalent to what the consumer purchases at the retail level.
Correlating summarization of a pair of multilingual documents

With the emergence of enormous amount of documents in multiple languages, it is desirable to construct text mining methods that can compare and highlight similarities of them. In this paper, we explore the research issue of comparative summarization for a pair of multilingual documents. A bipartite graph based algorithm is proposed to correlate textual content against sources in various languages. The algorithm aligns the (sub)topics of a pair of multilingual documents and summarizes their correlation by sentence extraction. A pair of documents in different languages is modeled with a weighted bipartite graph. A mutual reinforcement principle is applied to identify a dense subgraph of the weighted bipartite graph. Sentences corresponding to the subgraph are correlated well in textual content and convey the dominant shared topic of the pair of documents. As a further enhancement, a bi-clustering algorithm can first be used to partition the bipartite graph into several clusters, each containing sentences from the two documents. These clusters correspond to shared subtopics, and the above mutual reinforcement principle can be applied to extract topic sentences within each subtopic group.
Detecting duplicate web documents using clickthrough data

The web contains many duplicate and near-duplicate documents. Given that user satisfaction is negatively affected by redundant information in search results, a significant amount of research has been devoted to developing duplicate detection algorithms. However, most such algorithms rely solely on document content to detect duplication, ignoring the fact that a primary goal of duplicate detection is to identify documents that contain redundant information with respect to a particular user query. Similarly, although query-dependent result diversification algorithms compute a query-dependent ranking, they tend to do so on the basis of a query-independent content similarity score.In this paper, we bridge the gap between query-dependent redundancy and query-independent duplication by showing how user click behavior following a query provides evidence about the relative novelty of web documents. While most previous work on interpreting user clicks on search results has assumed that they reflect just result relevance, we show that clicks also provide information about duplication between web documents since users consider search results in the context of previously seen documents. Moreover, we find that duplication explains a substantial amount of presentation bias observed in clicking behavior. We identify three distinct types of redundancy that commonly occur on the web and show how click data can be used to detect these different types.
Multiple-Choice and Short-Answer Exam Performance in a College Classroom:

The authors experimentally investigated the effects of multiple-choice and short-answer format exam items on exam performance in a college classroom. They randomly assigned 50 students to take a 10...
Damage assessment and repair in attack resilient distributed database systems

Preventive measures sometimes fail to defect malicious attacks. With attacks on data-intensive applications becoming an ever more serious threat, intrusion tolerant database systems are a significant concern. The main objective of such systems is to detect attacks, and to assess and repair the damage in a timely manner. This paper focuses on efficient damage assessment and repair in distributed database systems. The complexity caused by data partition, distributed transaction processing, and failures makes intrusion recovery much more challenging than in centralized database systems. This paper identifies the key challenges and presents an efficient algorithm for distributed damage assessment and repair.
Selection and endpoint distribution of bacterial inversion mutations.

This paper describes the isolation and characterization of spontaneous inversion mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. The mutants are selected by demanding that an unexpressed hisD gene acquire a new promoter. Chromosome rearrangements that juxtapose the hisD gene and a foreign promoter are obtained by this selection. Although a number of inversions are found, the frequency was lower than expected. The breakpoints of these inversions are not distributed randomly either in the his operon or on the chromosome. The his breakpoint lies in the hisG-hisD intercistronic region, a sequence known to occur at several places on the bacterial chromosome. In most of the inversions, the "non-his" breakpoint lies across the chromosome, so that the inverted region includes the origin or terminus of DNA replication. The significance of these results is discussed.
Reduction of Interleukin 8 and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Levels by Topical Ketorolac, 0.45%, in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy

Importance Inhibition of inflammatory cytokines may have therapeutic effects in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Objective To compare aqueous and vitreous levels of 17 inflammatory cytokines in patients treated preoperatively with topical ketorolac tromethamine, 0.45%, or placebo before pars plana vitrectomy for complications related to proliferative DR (PDR). Design, Setting, and Participants A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, patient-masked interventional study performed in a university academic hospital included 20 eyes from 20 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for complications of PDR. Interventions Eyes were randomized to ketorolac tromethamine, 0.45% (Acuvail), or placebo 4 times daily for 3 days before pars plana vitrectomy. Undiluted aqueous and vitreous samples were taken at the time of surgery and immediately frozen at −80°C. Main Outcomes and Measures Aqueous and vitreous levels of prostaglandin E 2 and 16 other inflammatory cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of DR. Results Prostaglandin E 2 , platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) AA, eotaxin, vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon γ–inducible protein of 10 kDa, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, growth-related oncogene, interleukin 6, interleukin 8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor were detectable in the aqueous and vitreous of at least half of the eyes, and these cytokines were analyzed further. Aqueous levels were lower in the ketorolac group for all cytokines detected, but only the difference in IL-8 was statistically significant (52% reduction; P = .04). Levels of IL-8 (41% reduction; P = .002) and PDGF-AA (21% reduction; P = .009) were significantly lower in the vitreous of patients treated with ketorolac. Conclusions and Relevance Topical ketorolac tromethamine, 0.45%, significantly lowered aqueous IL-8 levels and vitreous IL-8 and PDGF-AA levels in this series of eyes, suggesting that it may cause meaningful inhibition of inflammatory cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of DR. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01609881
Automated performance control in a virtual distributed storage system

Storage demand in large organizations has grown rapidly in the last few decades. In this paper, we describe Storage@desk, a new virtual distributed storage system that utilizes a large number of distributed machines to provide storage services with quality of service guarantees. We present the Storage@desk architecture and core components. The machines on which Storage@desk relies exist in an environment that is unreliable and dynamic. We utilize replication to provide high levels of availability and reliability. Our evaluation reveals that Storage@desk achieves better read and write performance compared to CIFS. As Storage@desk serves clients and applications on shared storage resources, it is crucial to ensure predictable storage access even when the workloads are unknown a priori. To this end, we take a control theoretic approach for automated performance control in Storage@desk. Given a reference value, the feedback controller is able to effectively regulate service requests to virtual storage resources under various scenarios.
Large holographically corrected space telescopes

The next generation optical space telescopes with apertures > 10 m for imaging, lidar, communications and directed energy focusing will be unable to use conventional technologies which are impractical or too costly. Our solution is to construct a telescope from a lightweight, low-quality primary, which is holographically corrected for surface distortions, in situ. This scheme makes it possible to correct for apertures of virtually unlimited size, over a narrow bandwidth, at optical and UV wavelengths. In this talk we present the first holographically corrected telescope ever constructed for astronomical imaging. We present evidence that a distant beacon, combined with a static holographic recording may be the most inexpensive and simplest approach. The design of the telescope also makes it possible to incorporate an adaptive optics correction system for compensation of longer-term mirror deformation/sag and thermal distortions.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Local anesthetics as effectors of allosteric gating. Lidocaine effects on inactivation-deficient rat skeletal muscle Na channels.

Time- and voltage-dependent local anesthetic effects on sodium (Na) currents are generally interpreted using modu- lated receptor models that require formation of drug-asso- ciated nonconducting states with high affinity for the inacti- vated channel. The availability of inactivation-deficient Na channels has enabled us to test this traditional view of the drug-channel interaction. Rat skeletal muscle Na channels were mutated in the III-IV linker to disable fast inactivation (F1304Q: FQ). Lidocaine accelerated the decay of whole-cell FQ currents in Xenopus oocytes, reestablishing the wild- type phenotype; peak inward current at 2 20 mV was blocked with an IC 50 of 513 m M, while plateau current was blocked with an IC 50 of only 74 m M ( P , 0.005 vs. peak). In single-channel experiments, mean open time was unaltered and unitary current was only reduced at higher drug con- centrations, suggesting that open-channel block does not ex- plain the effect of lidocaine on FQ plateau current. We con- sidered a simple model in which lidocaine reduced the free energy for inactivation, causing altered coupling between activation and inactivation. This model readily simulated macroscopic Na current kinetics over a range of lidocaine concentrations. Traditional modulated receptor models which did not modify coupling between gating processes could not reproduce the effects of lidocaine with rate constants con- strained by single-channel data. Our results support a rein- terpretation of local anesthetic action whereby lidocaine functions as an allosteric effector to enhance Na channel in- activation. ( J. Clin. Invest. 1996. 98:2874-2886.) Key words: lidocainemodulated receptorsingle-channel recording • site-directed mutagenesisNa channels
A Coast Mountains provenance for the Valdez and Orca groups, southern Alaska, based on Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence

Abstract Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic data were obtained for fourteen fine- to coarse-grained samples of accreted flysch of the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary Valdez and Orca Groups in southern Alaska to determine the flysch provenance. Argillites and greywackes from the Orca Group, as well as compositionally similar but higher metamorphic grade rocks from the Valdez Group, show a restricted range of correlated eNd ( −0.6 to −3.8) and 87Sr/86Sr (0.7060–0.7080) at the time of sediment deposition ( ∼ 50 Ma). Pb isotopic compositions also vary over a narrow range ( 206Pb/204Pb= 19.138–19.395, 207Pb/204Pb= 15.593–15.703, 208Pb/204Pb= 38.677–39.209), and in the Orca Group the samples generally become more radiogenic with decreasing eNd and increasing 87Sr/86Sr. All samples have similar trace element compositions characterized by moderate light rare earth element enrichments, and low ratios of high field strength elements to large ion lithophile elements. Based on petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic data the sedimentary rocks are interpreted to have been derived largely from a Phanerozoic continental margin arc complex characterized by igneous rocks with eNd values between 0 and −5. The latter conclusion is supported by the eNd values of a tonalite clast and a rhyodacite clast in the Orca Group (eNd = −4.9and−0.9, respectively). However, trondjemitic clasts in the Orca Group have significantly lower eNd ( ∼ −10) and require a derivation of a portion of the flysch from Precambrian crustal sources. The Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic compositions of both the Valdez and Orca Groups overlap the values determined for intrusive igneous rocks exposed within the northern portion of the Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary Coast Mountains Plutonic Complex in western British Columbia and equivalent rocks in southeastern Alaska. The isotopic data support previous conclusions based on geologic studies which suggest that the flysch was shed from this portion of the batholith, and from overlying continental margin arc-related volcanic rocks, following its rapid uplift in the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary. The Precambrian crustal material present in the flysch may have been derived from Late Proterozoic or older metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks now exposed along the western margin of the Coast Mountains Plutonic Complex.
NHANES Monitoring of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D: A Roundtable Summary

A roundtable to discuss monitoring of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in the NHANES was held in late July 2009. Topics included the following: 1) options for dealing with assay fluctuations in serum 25(OH)D in the NHANES conducted between 1988 and 2006; 2) approaches for transitioning between the RIA used in the NHANES between 1988 and 2006 to the liquid chromatography tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) measurement procedure to be used in NHANES 2007 and later; 3) approaches for integrating the recently available standard reference material for vitamin D in human serum (SRM 972) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) into the NHANES; 4) questions regarding whether the C-3 epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3] should be measured in NHANES 2007 and later; and 5) identification of research and educational needs. The roundtable experts agreed that the NHANES data needed to be adjusted to control for assay fluctuations and offered several options for addressing this issue. The experts suggested that the LC-MS/MS measurement procedure developed by NIST could serve as a higher order reference measurement procedure. They noted the need for a commutability study for the recently released NIST SRM 972 across a range of measurement procedures. They suggested that federal agencies and professional organizations work with manufacturers to improve the quality and comparability of measurement procedures across all laboratories. The experts noted the preliminary nature of the evidence of the 3-epi-25(OH)D3 but felt that it should be measured in 2007 NHANES and later.
Diversity gain for cooperating nodes in multi-hop wireless networks

This paper presents a cooperative multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) diversity scheme for CDMA wireless multihop networks. None of the nodes have multiple antennas, allowing them to be small and lightweight. Using cooperative clusters of network nodes to relay information to its destination, the scheme both increases the effective rates and extends the nodes' service lives. The latter is because the diversity gain reduces the total required effective radiated power. These proposed systems strive for MIMO-type performance in a distributed way due to the use of coarse transmitter synchronization schemes complemented by RAKE receivers.
An Observational Study of Atmospheric Bore Formation from Colliding Density Currents

Abstract Observations from east-central Florida during the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification (CaPE) experiment are used to investigate the factors that influence atmospheric bore formation from colliding density currents. Ten cases involving the collision of a gust front with a sea-breeze front are analyzed with Doppler radar and sounding and surface mesonet data. The gust fronts in these collisions were generally deeper, denser, and faster propagating than their sea-breeze-front counterparts. Seven of the 10 cases produced dual boundaries that moved away from each other in a relative sense after the collision. Post-collision boundaries moving in the same direction and oriented similarly to the pre-collision gust front occurred in all 10 cases. They transported mass in the manner of a density current in six cases, while the others behaved more like bores or bore–density current hybrids, as they were characterized by little or no mass transport. Similarity of gust-front and sea-breeze-front prop...
Matrix management for aerospace 2000

The martix management approach to program management is an organized effort for attaining program objectives by defining and structuring all elements so as to form a single system whose parts are united by interaction. The objective of the systems approach is uncompromisingly complete coverage of the program management endeavor. Starting with an analysis of the functions necessary to carry out a given program, a model must be defined; a matrix of responsibility assignment must be prepared; and each operational process must be examined to establish how it is to be carried out and how it relates to all other processes.
Improving pneumococcal vaccination rates in an elderly population by patient education in an outpatient clinic.

Background: Invasive pneumococcal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. This study investigated the impact of a patient education intervention on the pneumococcal vaccination rate in elders. Methods: Charts of all patients aged 65 years or older who visited a university ambulatory care clinic during a 3-month period were reviewed for pneumococcal vaccination status before the patients9 arrival for an office visit. Those who did not have the vaccination were provided patient education in the waiting room. Data were collected on age, sex, race, and immunization status. The reasons for refusing the vaccination before or during this intervention also were obtained. The charts of patients who consented were flagged for the attending physician to order the vaccination if appropriate. Results: Charts of 535 patients were reviewed for pneumococcal vaccination status. Of these patients, 291 had had a pneumococcal vaccination before the study. The cumulative vaccination rate increased significantly from 54 percent to 79 percent after the study intervention. The rate of pneumococcal vaccination was significantly lower among African-Americans than whites both before and after the patient education intervention. Conclusion: This study reports a substantial impact of patient education on improving pneumococcal vaccination rates in an elderly population. Most elders accept vaccination, and it can be delivered effectively without an additional visit.
Energy challenges in optical access and aggregation networks.

Scalability is a critical issue for access and aggregation networks as they must support the growth in both the size of data capacity demands and the multiplicity of access points. The number of co...
The Emigrant and New York City: A Consideration of Four Puerto Rican Writers

In 1973 Adalberto Lopez published an article entitled "Literature for the Puerto Rican Diaspora" in Caribbean Review.' The application of the term "diaspora" to yet another ethnic minority was appropriate in view of the extraordinary increase in the Puerto Rican population on the Mainland, from 70,000 in 1940 to a number in 1970 between one and a half million and two million (depending on whether or not third-generation Puerto Ricans in the United States were counted as still being Puerto Rican).2 The tremendous significance of this emigration was studied throughout these three decades by many authors, most of them non-Puerto Rican, in works that present a combination of anthropological, sociological, and psychological or pseudo-psychological elements. The most representative authors are Chenault, Handlin, Lewis, Mills, Padilla, Rand, Senior, Sexton, and Wakefield.3 There are also two autobiographies in English dealing either with the emigration or its effects on the children of emigrants. The first of these was written by Jesus Colon who, in A Puerto Rican in New York (1960), reflects the urban emigrant experience of a mature individual cultural conflict.4 The other, Down These Mean Streets by Piri Thomas (1967),5 presents the author's life from birth and childhood in El Barrio, as a gang member, then as a schoolboy on Long Island, and finally as a youthful dope addict and petty criminal who found himself only when he was in jail. A wellwritten account, this book owes much of its popularity to its insights into a little-known way of life-and also to its happy ending when a reformed, religious Piri returns to El Barrio to help his people. In 1972, as part of a study which examines the linguistic and cultural interference of English in Puerto Rican language, particularly in daily vocabulary usage, the researchers listed a number of characteristic behaviors apparent among these transplanted people: 1) growing attitude of insecurity; 2) attitude of uncertainty and anxiety, an existential impotence, a passivity and disgust, particularly as a characteristic feeling of collective inferiority; 3) a state of psychological and existential dependency; 4) a negative valuation of self-image; and 5) spiritual frustration and solitude.6 Often
Effect of Surfactants, Bacillus thuringiensis Formulations, and Plant Damage on Oviposition by Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted 1993–1994 to investigate the effects of 2 surfactants, 2 insecticides containing toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, and plant damage on oviposition by the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). Greenhouse studies showed no significant difference between the number of eggs laid by moths on broccoli plants treated with B. thuringiensis plus surfactant relative to plants treated with surfactant alone. All greenhouse tests, however, showed that 4-8 times as many eggs were laid on plants treated with the surfactants Latron CS-7 or Ortho X-77 compared with control plants. A positive linear relationship was observed between the number of eggs deposited on a plant and the extent to which that plant had been damaged by herbivory before oviposition occurred. Field tests showed that for plants with equal herbivore damage, moths laid significantly more eggs on plants treated with a tank mix of B. thuringiensis plus the surfactant Latron CS-7 compared with nontreated plants. These data indicate that diamondback moths prefer to lay eggs on plants treated with certain surfactants and also show preference for plants with feeding damage.
Impact disruption of gravity-dominated bodies: New simulation data and scaling

Abstract We present results from a suite of 169 hydrocode simulations of collisions between planetary bodies with radii from 100 to 1000 km. The simulation data are used to derive a simple scaling law for the threshold for catastrophic disruption, defined as a collision that leads to half the total colliding mass escaping the system post impact. For a target radius 100 ≤ R T ≤ 1000km and a mass M T and a projectile radius r p ≤ R T and mass m p we find that a head-on impact with velocity magnitude v is catastrophic if the kinetic energy of the system in the center of mass frame, K = 0.5 M T m p v 2 / ( M T + m p ) , exceeds a threshold value K * that is a few times U = ( 3 / 5 ) G M T 2 / R T + ( 3 / 5 ) G m p 2 / r p + G M T m p / ( R T + r p ) , the gravitational binding energy of the system at the moment of impact; G is the gravitational constant. In all head-on collision runs we find K * = ( 5.5 ± 2.9 ) U . Oblique impacts are catastrophic when the fraction of kinetic energy contained in the volume of the projectile intersecting the target during impact exceeds ∼2 K * for 30° impacts and ∼3.5 K * for 45° impacts. We compare predictions made with this scaling to those made with existing scaling laws in the literature extrapolated from numerical studies on smaller targets. We find significant divergence between predictions where in general our results suggest a lower threshold for disruption except for highly oblique impacts with r p ≪ R T . This has implications for the efficiency of collisional grinding in the asteroid belt (Morbidelli et al., [2009] Icarus, 204, 558–573), Kuiper belt (Greenstreet et al., [2015] Icarus, 258, 267–288), and early Solar System accretion (Chambers [2013], Icarus, 224, 43–56).
Improving the Review Policy and Process for Authors and Reviewers

Excerpt] In this issue’s “From the Editor,” I describe a new review policy and process for both authors and reviewers. Authors should find that this new policy and process provides them with faster editorial decisions, higher quality feedback, and greater clarity about required revisions, as well as greater freedom to disagree with reviewers and to write the papers they (the authors) want. Reviewers should find that this new policy and process saves them from having to review obviously flawed papers and from having to review different versions of the same paper over and over again.
Bis(μ-diethyl sulfide-κ2S:S)bis­[(biphenyl-2,2′-di­yl)platinum(ll)]

The C4S2 donor set in the title compound, [Pt(C12H8){(C2H5)2S}]2, defines a distorted square-planar geometry about the two PtII atoms, with very small deviations from planarity. The bidentate nature of the biphenyl dianionic ligand results in C—Pt—C bond angles of 80.9 (2) and 81.2 (2)°; the S—Pt—S bond angles are 78.08 (5) and 78.09 (5)°. The average Pt—C bond length is 2.023 A [range 2.016 (5)–2.028 (6) A] and the average of Pt—S bond length is 2.3790 A [range 2.3742 (14)–2.3837 (14) A].
Corrigendum: Barriers, Benefits, and Beliefs of Brain Training Smartphone Apps: An Internet Survey of Younger US Consumers

Reason for Corrigendum: Addition of conflict of interest statement by Dr. Matcheri Keshavam. Clearly state the mistake being fixed. After publication, Dr. Matcheri Keshavan noted the paper should include this statement “MK has a contract to purchase Lumosity services for one of his studies, and has provided consultant services to Forum Pharmaceuticals.”
Ulnar Styloid Fracture with Distal Radioulnar Joint Instability

A distal radius fracture with associated ulnar styloid fracture may place the patient at higher risk for distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. With anatomical reduction and volar plate fixation of the distal radius fracture, the ulnar styloid fracture is often indirectly reduced and the DRUJ remains stable. It has been shown that ulnar styloid fractures or its nonunion does not affect the outcome with adequate reduction and fixation of the distal radius fracture. However, large ulnar styloid base fractures or displacement over 2 mm may require open reduction and fixation of the ulnar styloid fracture to achieve DRUJ stability due to proximity of major DRUJ stabilizing ligaments. DRUJ instability may lead to chronic pain, decreased range of motion, and need for further salvage procedures for relief. The most important guiding principle is to evaluate DRUJ stability following distal radius fixation routinely to determine whether or not to address concomitant ulnar styloid fracture. If the DRUJ remains stable after anatomical fixation of the distal radius, ulnar styloid fixation is rarely required. If the DRUJ remains unstable, we would recommend open reduction and internal fixation of ulnar styloid fracture to achieve stability and reduce the risk of long-term problems.
Emotion -and area- driven topic shift analysis in social media discussions

Internet-based social media platforms allow individuals to discuss/comment on the "topic" of an article in an interactive manner. The topic of a comment/reply in these discussions occasionally shifts, sometimes drastically and abruptly, other times slightly, away from the topic of the article. In this paper we study the phenomena of topic shifts in article-originated social media comments, and identify quantitatively the effects on topic shifts of comments (i) emotion levels (of various emotion dimensions), (ii) topic areas, and (iii) the structure of the discussion tree. We show that, with a better understanding of the topic shift phenomena in comments, automated systems can easily be built to personalize and cater to the comment-browsing and comment-viewing needs of different users.
Who Wears the Pants: The Implications of Gender and Power for Youth Heterosexual Relationships

Relationships in which power is equally distributed are consistently associated with greater quality (e.g., deeper intimacy, less turmoil, more pleasure), but it can be difficult to strike such a balance. Furthermore, dominant gender scripts and norms are complexly intertwined with power in heterosexual relationships. We studied the joint implications of power and gender for relationship quality using 114 U.S. emerging adults’ quantitative and qualitative assessments of 395 heterosexual relationships. Linear mixed method analyses indicated that participants found relationships in which they shared power or were dominant to be more intimate and stable than those in which they felt subordinate, but we found no link between power and pleasure. Gender acted as a moderator such that women rated relationships in which they felt subordinate as less intimate and more tumultuous than those in which they felt dominant, whereas men’s ratings did not vary by whether they felt subordinate or dominant. Qualitative data...
The utility of feature construction for back-propagation

The ease of learning concepts from examples in empirical machine learning depends on the attributes used for describing the training data. We show that decision-tree based feature construction can be used to improve the performance of back-propagation (BP), an artificial neural network algorithm, both in terms of the convergence speed and the number of epochs taken by the BP algorithm to converge. We use disjunctive concepts to illustrate feature construction, and describe a measure of feature quality and concept difficulty. We show that a reduction in the difficulty of the concepts to be learned by constructing better representations increases the performance of BP considerably.
Recurrent Priapism Gone Wrong: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock After Penile Corporal Phenylephrine Irrigation.

Abstract Background Recurrent priapism secondary to sickle cell trait in an African-American male has been reported in the literature. A common treatment for these low-flow priapism cases is aspiration and injection of the corpus cavernosum with a sympathomimetic agent. We report a rare complication not described previously in the literature of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and cardiogenic shock in a 29-year-old male with sickle cell trait undergoing a routine detumescence procedure. Case Report A 29-year-old African-American male with a history of sickle cell trait and recurrent low-flow/ischemic priapism presented with a painful erection for 8 h. Corporal aspiration and irrigation with phenylephrine was performed. After phenylephrine injection, the patient experienced hypertensive emergency, flash pulmonary edema, STEMI, and subsequent cardiogenic shock. He required intubation, ionotropic support, cardiac catheterization, and admission to the cardiac care unit. History taken from the patient's wife on the following day revealed that he was taking high doses of pseudoephedrine at home to treat symptoms. The patient was subsequently discharged after 3 days with normalization of ejection fraction and negative troponin. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? Intracavernosal injection of phenylephrine is a common emergency department treatment utilized in management of priapism, but emergency physicians should be aware of the potential severe systemic complications resulting from this procedure. Providers should take a careful history, including over-the-counter medication use; consider comorbid medical history; standardize phenylephrine mixing instructions with pharmacy; and perform the procedure in a monitored setting with a brief observation after complete detumescence.
“Singing Alone is Not Enough:” A Response to Reviewers1

Let me begin by thanking these colleagues, Bruce Baum, Ange-Marie Hancock, Maria Pia Lara, and Timothy W. Luke, for their responses to my argument in Trendy Fascism: White Power Music and the Futur...
Shock-related effects on aero-optical environment for hemisphere-on-cylinder turrets at transonic speeds.

The aero-optical environment around a hemisphere-on-cylinder turret with both flat and conformal windows was studied experimentally in flight using the Airborne Aero-Optical Laboratory-Transonic for a range of subsonic and transonic Mach numbers between 0.5 and 0.8. Above M=0.6, the local shock appeared near the top of the turret, causing additional aero-optical distortions at side-looking angles. Using time-resolved wavefronts, instantaneous shock locations were extracted and analyzed. The mean shock location was found to be near a viewing angle, α=80 deg for both window types at M=0.7 and 0.8. For M=0.8, the shock has a single frequency peak at StD=0.15, the same as for the unsteady separation line, indicating a lock-in mechanism between the shock and the separated wake region. Analysis of aero-optical distortions in the wake indicated that the wake dynamics were beginning to be affected by the shock only at high transonic speed of M=0.8 for the conformal-window turret.
Measurement and Description of Human Hand Movement

The actual movement and the coupled relationship of human fingers are very important for the analysis of human hand grasp, but there are very few effective ways to detect it. The paper introduces a method with wearable measuring sensors to realize the real time measurement and description of human fingers’ movement during hand grasping. A data glove for real-time measuring the movement of each joint of all the fingers was designed. The finger movements of three typical human hand grasps were measured, and the coupled relationship and the complete motion trajectory of all five fingers were got and described.
Identification of neuroprotective compounds of Caenorhabditis elegans dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe debilitating disorder, characterized by progressive and selective dopaminergic (DAergic) neuron degeneration within the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although current pharmacological treatments are effective in early stages of the disease, with time, most patients fail to respond to medications and develop serious motor complications. Therefore, devising novel and efficacious therapeutics that address not only the symptoms of PD, but also the cause, are of great importance. Unfortunately, many obstacles are associated with current PD research in mammalian-based systems, which limit the rate of progress. One solution is to investigate mechanisms of PD in model genetic organisms like Caenorhabditis elegans. In general, striking and profound similarities underlie the basic cellular and molecular processes between the worm and humans. The use of C. elegans over traditional mammalian-based systems holds the promise of an enhanced rate of discovery with lower associated costs. Here, we have utilized C. elegans to screen a variety of compounds, including specific dopamine (DA), GABA, and NMDA receptor agonists, as well as antagonists to identify those that protect against 6-OHDA-induced DAergic toxicity. Two DA D2 receptor agonists, bromocriptine and quinpirole, were found to protect against 6-OHDA toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Surprisingly, these protective effects appear to involve receptor-independent mechanisms. Given the high degree of conservation of cellular processes between the worm and mammalian systems, these results are likely relevant and important toward understanding potentially novel mechanisms leading to DAergic neuroprotection in mammalian systems and, ultimately, new therapeutics for PD.
Functional significance of C-terminal mobile domain of cardiac troponin I.

Abstract Ca 2+ -regulation of cardiac contractility is mediated through the troponin complex, which comprises three subunits: cTnC, cTnI, and cTnT. As intracellular [Ca 2+ ] increases, cTnI reduces its binding interactions with actin to primarily interact with cTnC, thereby enabling contraction. A portion of this regulatory switching involves the mobile domain of cTnI (cTnI-MD), the role of which in muscle contractility is still elusive. To study the functional significance of cTnI-MD, we engineered two cTnI constructs in which the MD was truncated to various extents: cTnI(1–167) and cTnI(1–193). These truncations were exchanged for endogenous cTnI in skinned rat papillary muscle fibers, and their influence on Ca 2+ -activated contraction and cross-bridge cycling kinetics was assessed at short (1.9 μm) and long (2.2 μm) sarcomere lengths (SLs). Our results show that the cTnI(1–167) truncation diminished the SL-induced increase in Ca 2+ -sensitivity of contraction, but not the SL-dependent increase in maximal tension, suggesting an uncoupling between the thin and thick filament contributions to length dependent activation. Compared to cTnI(WT), both truncations displayed greater Ca 2+ -sensitivity and faster cross-bridge attachment rates at both SLs. Furthermore, cTnI(1–167) slowed MgADP release rate and enhanced cross-bridge binding. Our findings imply that cTnI-MD truncations affect the blocked-to closed-state transition(s) and destabilize the closed-state position of tropomyosin.
Glucose Gel in Infants at Risk for Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia.

Objective To evaluate whether glucose gel as a supplement to feedings in infants admitted to the newborn nursery at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) reduces the frequency of transfer to a higher level of care for intravenous dextrose treatment. Study Design We revised our newborn nursery protocol for management of infants at risk for NH to include use of 40% glucose gel (200 mg/kg). Study population included late preterm, small and large for gestational age infants, and infants of diabetic mothers. We compared outcomes before (4/1/14–3/31/15: Year 1) and after (4/1/15–3/31/16: Year 2) initiation of the revised protocol. Our prospective primary outcome was transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for treatment with a continuous infusion of dextrose. Results NICU transfer for management of NH fell from 8.1% in Year 1 (34 of 421 at-risk infants screened) to 3.7% in Year 2 (14 of 383 at-risk infants screened). Rate of exclusive breastfeeding increased from 6% in Year 1 to 19% in Year 2. Hospital charges for the study population decreased from 801,276 USD to 387,688 USD in Year 1 and Year 2, respectively. Conclusion Our study supports the adjunctive use of glucose gel to reduce NICU admissions and total hospitalization expense.
Strange Science: Investigating the Limits of Knowledge in the Victorian Age

Did you know that the ravenous talking plant of Little Shop of Horrors (“FEED ME, Seymour!”) has an extensive Victorian genealogy? That nugget of information is but one of the byproducts of reading...
Glycoproteins of the Arenaviruses

The Arenaviridae are characterized by spherical to pleomorphic particles, 50–300 nm in diameter, with club-shaped projections extending outward 5–10 nm from the virion surface. The viral genome contains two segments of single-stranded RNA transcribed in an ambisense manner. Each of the genome segments, designated L and S, encodes two primary translation products, which in most cases give rise to a total of five structural proteins. The prototype arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), contains a 200-kDa polymerase, L, a nucleocapsid protein, NP (63 kDa), two structural glycoproteins, GP-1 (44 kDa) and GP-2 (35 kDa), which are derived by cleavage of the glycoprotein precursor, GP-C (70–75 kDa), and an 11- to 14-kDa nonglycosylated protein, Z, of unknown function. Equivalent proteins have been reported for most of the other arenaviruses.
A phase I trial of the oral platinum analogue JM216 with concomitant radiotherapy in advanced malignancies of the chest.

JM216 is an orally administered platinumanalogue. We undertook this study todetermine the maximally tolerated dose(MTD) of JM216 when administered withconcomitant radiotherapy to the chest(200 cGy daily, 5×/week) in patients withlocoregionally advanced non-small cell lung(NSCLC) or esophageal cancer. Patientswere excluded for inadequate bone marrowreserve, prior radiotherapy to the primarytumor or previous treatment with platinumdrugs. A dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) wasdefined using the National Cancer Institute(NCI) Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC) andconsisted of grade ≥2 renal, hepatic,cardiac, or pulmonary toxicity or grade ≥3hematologic, neurological, orgastrointestinal toxicity. A total of 23patients were registered; two neverreceived treatment and are excluded fromanalyses. Six patients were treated at adose of 30 mg/m2/day for 5 days withtwo grade 2 DLT's: cough (1 pt) andelevated trans-aminases (1 pt). Sevenevaluable patients were treated at60 mg/m2/day and seven experiencedgrade 3 or 4 toxicity, five related tomyelosuppression. The dose was thenreduced to 45 mg/m2/d. Eight patientswere evaluable for toxicity, of which 5experienced DLT: myelosuppression (3 pts),esophagitis (2 pts), dyspnea (1 pt), andelevated creatinine (1 pt). Fourteenpatients were evaluable for efficacy, ofwhich 6 had an objective response,including one complete response. Therecommended phase II dose of JM216 withconcurrent radiation therapy is30 mg/m2/d for 5 days. The major DLTis myelosuppression with only limitedincreased toxicity within the field ofradiation. This conceivably may limit theuse of JM216 as a radiation sensitizer.
A hydrodynamic limit for a lattice caricature of dynamic routing in circuit switched networks

In simulations circuit switched networks with dynamic alternate routing exhibit hysteresis phenomena, which suggest that under dynamic routing there may be more than one stable regime of operation for the same offered traffic. This possibility also shows up in some analytical models of dynamic routing: one can write ODE limits for network occupancy probabilities which admit multiple equilibrium points for certain ranges of parameters. These ODE limits average out the spatial variation of the network. We attempt to preserve the spatial characteristics by considering a lattice model of dynamic routing. We derive a hydrodynamic equation for this lattice model. This is an integro-differential equation which describes how the spatial occupancy profile of the network evolves over time, and it admits multiple spatially homogeneous equilibrium solutions for certain ranges of the parameters. These solutions may be loosely thought of as the different operating regimes. Using this equation one can study questions like “for what parameter values is a hot spot of heavy loading in the system likely to take over the whole network by knock-on effects?”
Going visible: high-resolution coherent Raman imaging of cells and tissues

A simple change of light source might prove what is needed for high-resolution label-free mapping of thin biological samples.
Building Praise: Augustan Rome and Epideictic

ABSTRACTIn this essay, I examine two epideictic artifacts from the Roman Principate, The Res Gestae Divi Augusti and the summi viri, arguing Augustus used them to reshape the model of a good leader...
Abstract 713: Engineering Complex Tissue Mechanical Environment for Cardiac Microtissues Derived From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Previous studies of hiPSC-based cardiac tissue models mainly focused on uniform tissue mechanical environment, which is not sufficient to recapitulate the complex and heterogeneous tissue mechanica...
Distortions in oil contract allocation and environmental damage in the presence of corruption

This article investigates how distortions in oil contract allocation can alter a government official’s decisions and shows that corruption enlarges the parameter space over which multinational oil companies win the contract against the smaller companies. It is found that corruption superficially creates an equilibrium outcome that looks efficient even when it is not, and diminishes the official’s concern for environmental damage by weighing damage to the public less and oil revenues more. Sensitivity analyses show that for all levels of environmental damage and corruptibility, multinational oil companies always win the contract. An important policy implication is that corruption distorts optimal decisions and causes oil contract allocation decisions to be based primarily on monetary benefit than social welfare.