cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Integrating commercial ambulatory electronic health records with hospital systems: An evolutionary process

Abstract Objective The increase in electronic health record implementation in all treatment venues has led to greater demands for integration within and across practice settings with different work cultures. We study the evolution of coordination processes when integrating ambulatory-specific electronic health records with hospital systems. Materials and methods Longitudinal qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and archival documentation throughout a 5-year implementation and integration of obstetrical ambulatory and hospital records with a goal of achieving a perinatal continuum of care. Results As users implement and integrate electronic health records, there is an evolution in their focus from technology acceptance to structural adaptation to coordination. The users’ perspective on standardization evolves from initial concern about the unintended consequences of standardization to recognition of its importance and then finally to more active acceptance. The system itself cannot drive all reengineering; the organization must impose specific work process changes and as the user's perspective evolves, more individually adapted and aligned change will occur. Computer integration alone does not result in coordination; users must value integrated information and incorporate this information within their workflows. Discussion Users initially view electronic health records as a documentation tool, but over time they come to recognize the benefits of the system for clinical information retrieval, and finally, for care coordination after the integrated information provided through electronic health records becomes more complete, accessible and adapted to meet user needs. As this occurs, coordination mechanisms move beyond pooled standardization through sequential plans coordinated by the organization to reciprocal mutual adjustments for clinical decision making by individuals. Trust in the information source, not software interoperability, is critical for information sharing. Conclusions Organizations implementing commercial electronic health records cannot simply assume that reciprocal coordination will immediately occur. It takes time for users to adjust, and enculturate coordination goals, during which time there are adaptive structurations that require organizational response, and changes in mechanisms for achieving coordination.
Google Scholar Could Be Used as a Stand-Alone Resource for Systematic Reviews

A Review of: Gehanno, J. F., Rollin, L., & Darmoni, S. (2013). Is the coverage of Google Scholar enough to be used alone for systematic reviews. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 13(1): 7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6947-13-7 Abstract Objective – To determine if Google Scholar (GS) is sensitive enough to be used as the sole search tool for systematic reviews. Design – Citation analysis. Setting – Biomedical literature. Subjects – Original studies included in 29 systematic reviews published in the Cochrane Library or JAMA. Methods – The authors searched MEDLINE for any systematic reviews published in the 2008 and 2009 issues of JAMA or in the July 8, 2009 issue of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. They chose 29 systematic reviews for the study and included these reviews in a gold standard database created specifically for this project. The authors searched GS for the title of each of the original references for the 29 reviews. They computed and noted the recall of GS for each reference. Main Results – The authors searched GS for 738 original studies with a 100% recall rate. They also made a side discovery of a number of major errors in the bibliographic references. Conclusion – Researchers could use GS as a stand-alone database for systematic reviews or meta-analyses. With a couple improvements to the rate of positive predictive values and advanced search features, GS could become the leading medical bibliographic database. Conclusion – Researchers could use GS as a stand-alone database for systematic reviews or meta-analyses. With a couple improvements to the rate of positive predictive values and advanced search features, GS could become the leading medical bibliographic database.
The Bahamas’ Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) fishery – two assessment methods applied to a data – deficient coastal population

The Nassau grouper is an important fish species in the reef ecosystem of the Bahamas. It is subjected to intense exploitation by small-scale fisheries and is harvested with different fishing gears, primarily during the winter spawning season. The piecemeal nature of the fishing operations precludes an economically feasible way to compile data to assess the status of exploitation of the resource. There is public and governmental concern regarding over-exploitation of the Nassau grouper due to the numerous extinctions of spawning aggregations in the greater Caribbean. Due to the large size of the Bahamas archipelago, where many Nassau grouper spawning aggregations still occur, the collection of appropriate data for stock assessments is very difficult. In addition, stock assessment algorithms that are applicable to tropical, seasonally aggregating species are noticeably lacking. In this paper we present applications of analytical and hydroacoustic assessment algorithms to the Nassau grouper fishery in the Bahamas that could be implemented under data-limited conditions. The results of the analyses indicate that the methods generate consistent abundance and mortality rate estimates that are commensurable with a stock subjected to full exploitation.
Attempts to Demonstrate Vasopressor Properties in the Serum of Hypertensive Dogs

SummaryParticular pressor properties could not be demonstrated in serum of the renal venous blood of hypertensive dogs by use of the Lawen-Trendelenberg per fusion technic with bullfrogs, frogs, and toads as test objects.
RNA polymerase II transcribes all of the heat shock induced genes of Drosophila melanogaster.

Heat shock of Drosophila melanogaster induces the transcription of a small number of RNAs. Some of these encode protein products, but not all. We have investigated whether the several induced RNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II or by some other RNA polymerase. Immunochemical staining of polytene chromosomes indicates that, on heat shock, RNA polymerase II is relocalized; it “migrates” from previously-active transcription sites to the heat shock induced loci. All heat shock induced puffs show immunochemical staining. Such staining correlates with RNA polymerase II activity as judged by the sensitivity of RNA synthesis at these sites to low concentrations of a-amanitin. Thus the protein-coding and non-protein-coding heat shock-induced RNAs are transcribed by this polymerase specifically. We have also identified several non-puffed chromosomal sites at which RNA synthesis is induced by heat shock.
A Model of Self-Determination

ABSTRACT Social work literature and practice are replete with reference to the concepts of self-determination, choice, empowerment, and self-advocacy. These concepts take on particular importance when considered in relation to individuals with disabilities and to the work of social work professionals with disabled individuals. However, despite a common perception that general understanding and agreement on the meaning and actualization of these concepts exists, there is significant variation among individuals and groups in how the concepts are defined and used. In this discussion we clarify the terms and place them in a contextual model comprised of three axes: foundation, thinking, and action.
Misalignment of V and J gene segments resulting in a nonfunctional immunoglobulin gene

The myeloma variant NS-1n has lost the functional immunoglobulin kappa gene which is present in its parent, myeloma MOPC-21. The variant retains a nonfunctional rearranged gene, M.21N, which undergoes RNA transcription and processing to yield a mature size kmRNA. This kRNA, however, is not translated into kappa polypeptide chains. The nonfunctional gene was cloned into Charon 4A to determine the basis for its inactivity. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a DNA fragment overlapping the V-J recombination site in the M.21N gene indicated that a misalignment had taken place during somatic recombination. This misalignment results in a deletion of four nucleotides at the 3' end of the V gene and, thus, a translational reading frame shift. In other respects the M.21n V gene, which corresponds to a different VK subgroup than the functional gene of MOPC-21, appears normal.
Tetralogy of Fallot with Unilateral Pulmonary Atresia: A Clinically Diagnosable and Surgically Significant Variant

Four patients with tetralogy of Fallot syndrome, whose physical and x-ray findings were distinctly unusual, are presented in this report. All these patients were demonstrated to have functional or anatomic atresia of one of the main pulmonary arteries, in addition to the characteristic features of the tetralogy of Fallot. Diagnostic criteria, including angiocardiograms, are presented, and the therapeutic implications are discussed.
Consumer durables replacement decision-making: An overview and research agenda

This paper reviews recent scholarship on the topic of consumer durables replacement behavior. Much of this research demonstrates the value of expanding a rational consumer decision-making perspective on replacement decisions to accommodate insights from consumer behavior. These insights are especially relevant for understanding voluntary replacement decisions that are not motivated strictly by economic trade-offs. Unfortunately, while broad in scope, this scholarship is limited in depth, and lacks a comprehensive model for portraying the relationships among the constructs that have been examined. This paper attempts to integrate the existing research base by offering a framework for conceptualizing the replacement decision process. Additionally, a suggested research agenda for validating and clarifying the hypothesized relationships in the framework is presented.
Expected outcome loss to evaluate medical diagnosis and treatments.

Abstract A model is developed to help evaluate the effect of a treatment on various defined outcomes when the diagnosis can be one of several classes . Loss factors are defined for a particular outcome using one treatment when there is a specific diagnosis (class). After defining appropriate multidimensional probability densities, Expected outcome loss is defined. Clinical examples are presented where the differential diagnosis is foreign body airway obstruction vs cardiac arrest.
Phantom kidney: a CT correlation.

The phantom kidney is a “kidney-like” apparition which may be seen in dynamic renal scintigraphy typically in post-nephrectomy patients or in patients with unilateral renal agenesis. We report a case of a phantom kidney demonstrated in the angiographic phase of renal scintigraphy with99mTc-dimercaputosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) in a patient who was nephrectomyzed 14 years previously. After comparison with the CT images, we conclude that our patient’s finding was caused by an increased mesenteric vascularity, possibly postprandial. Several conditions which may cause the phantom kidney effect, have been reported, but increased mesenteric vascularity seems to be the most common cause.
Activities of H2O, D2O, CH3OH and CH3OD in hexane, decane and hexadecane

Abstract Activity coefficients of the title solutions were determined in a continuous dilution vapor pressure apparatus. The results are in reasonable agreement with estimates made from solubility measurements taken from the literature or determined in separate experiments.
Remodeling of chromatin under low intensity diffuse ultrasound

A variety of mechanotransduction pathways mediate the response of fibroblasts or chondrocytes to ultrasound stimulation. In addition, regulatory pathways that co-ordinate stimulus-specific cellular responses are likely to exist. In this study, analysis was confined to the hypothesis that ultrasound stimulation (US) influences the chromatin structure, and that these changes may reflect a regulatory pathway that connects nuclear architecture, chromatin structure and gene expression. Murine fibroblasts seeded on tissue culture plates were stimulated with US (5.0 MHz (14 kPa), 51-s per application) and the thermal denaturation profiles of nuclei isolated from fibroblasts were assessed by dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC). When compared to the thermal profiles obtained from the nuclei of non-stimulated cells, the nuclei obtained from stimulated cells showed a change in peak profiles and peak areas, which is indicative of chromatin remodeling. Independently, US was also observed to impact the histone (H1):chromatin association as measured indirectly by DAPI staining. Based on our work, it appears plausible that US can produce a remodeling of chromatin, thus triggering signal cascade and other intracellular mechanisms.
Experimental evidence on the importance of competing for profits on forecasting accuracy

Abstract Subjects' forecasts of the price of a stock were compared across two experiment conditions. Payments were determined by a tournament based on forecasting accuracy, with the conditions differing in the number of subjects earning positive profits. The results suggest that subjects who consistently lost money learned to form more accurate forecasts than others who consistently made positive profits. The implications of these results for learning in markets are discussed in terms of previous research in which competition for profits was seen as continually driving participants in markets toward making better decisions.
The Influence of Exemplar Versus Prototype‐Based Media Primes on Racial/Ethnic Evaluations

This study examined the individual and combined effects of exposure to positive Latino exemplars and prototypes in the media on White audience members' attitudes about and judgments regarding Latinos in society. Although it was expected that exposure to these favorable models would promote positive evaluations of Latinos among White consumers, the extent to which one mode of presentation could be privileged in the production of more beneficial outcomes was uncertain based on existing research. These results cautiously indicate that while prototypes may offer some advantages in terms of reducing stereotyping, both exemplar- and prototype-based characterizations of positive race-related media content (alone and in combination) can positively influence consumers' perceptions of target racial/ethnic groups.
2E → 4A2 luminescence properties of the hydration isomers of Cr3+ doped K3Al(ox)3

Abstract The 2 E → 4 A 2 phosphorescence of Cr(III) doped K 3 [Al(ox) 3 ] · 3H 2 O and partially dehydrated species has been measured between 77 and 4.2°K. Emission in the partially dehydrated crystals is observed from Cr(III) ions in several different sites. In 1% crystals the quantum yield and lifetime both increase on dehydration. Evidence against energy transfer between different sites is offered by the lack of thermalization at 4°K between R lines arising from different sites even at high Cr(III) concentrations, although there is evidence for excitation energy transfer to nonemitting traps.
An algorithm for the single commodity spatial price equilibrium problem

Abstract This paper presents a serial decomposition algorithm for the solution of the static single commodity spatial price equilibrium problem. The computational performance of this algorithm on randomly generated examples suggests that this method is more efficient and requires no more computer storage than other algorithms previously suggested for this problem.
Surgical Removal of Guidewire Fragment Following Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty

Following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, wire fragments retained within the patient usually can be removed without an operation. We report a case requiring surgical removal of a guidewire fragment from the distal circumflex coronary artery.
NON-HOMOTHETIC COMMUNITY PREFERENCES AND THE N-FACTOR THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Horiba, Y.,‘Non-Homothetic Community Preferences and the N-Factor Theory of International Trace'. Andress: Department of Economics, Tulane University, New Orleans, La. 70118 U.S.A. The Heckscher-Ohlin theorem is formulated in this paper in terms of the factoral composition of trade under the general structure of demand admitting non-unitary income elasticities. The relationship that exists among the factor proportions of production, consumption, and trade under non-homothetic demand is clarified in the two-factor, many-commodity context. The analysis is then extended to the many-factor endowments by means of a set of appropriately transformed production coefficients that are weighted by the proportions of commodity consumption on the demand side. A set of conditions under which the theorem continues to hold in general is investigated.
Creating and curating a pediatric radiology digital library to make the internet a useful reference tool for the radiologist.

Background. To practice pediatric radiology optimally, radiologists need convenient access to organized and authoritative pediatric radiology information. The Internet has the potential for offering such convenient access, but the majority of information on it is poorly organized and of questionable authority. Objective. The goal of this project was to create and curate a pediatric radiology digital library that will make the Internet a useful reference tool for the radiologist at the point-of-care. Materials and Methods. A pediatric radiology digital library containing organized and authoritative pediatric radiology information from the Internet was created and has three components : (1) PediatricRadiology.com (http://pediatricradiology.com) – a catalog of pediatric radiology Web sites; (2) The MetaTextbook of Pediatric Radiology (http://www.vh.org/Providers/TeachingFiles/MetatextbookPedRad/MetaTBPedRad.html) – a catalog of pediatric radiology teaching file cases on the Internet; and (3) Paediapedia (http://www.vh.org/Providers/TeachingFiles/PAP/PAPHome.html) – an imaging encyclopedia of pediatric disease. The pediatric radiology digital library is curated regularly. Results. Over 7 months, 223,689 pages of information were read and 26,972 images were viewed in the pediatric radiology digital library by 69,866 individual users, with 20 % of the users from outside the United States. Conclusion. Creating a pediatric radiology digital library that identifies and organizes authoritative pediatric radiology information and makes it conveniently available can allow radiologists to use the Internet productively as a reference tool.
Nitrogen cycling in Louisiana Gulf Coast brackish marshes

Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen accumulation were measured in a Louisiana Spartina patens brackish marsh. Using the acetylene reduction technique calibrated with direct 15N2 assimilation, an equivalent of 90.0 µ g N g−1 yr−1 was fixed. Fixation was greater in the summer months and in the upper portion of the soil profile. Extractable ammonium increased with depth and was negatively correlated with ethylene production. Average ammonium concentration in the sediment was 39 µg NH4+-N g−1 sediment. Cesium-137 dating of the soil profile showed the marsh was vertically accreting at a rate of 0.60 cm yr−1. Calculations using vertical accretion rate, bulk density, and total nitrogen content of sediment indicate that the marshes are accumumating 7.2 g Nm−2 yr−1 thus serving as a major nitrogen sink. Measured nitrogen fluxes were incorporated with existing flux measurement in developing a nitrogen budget for the marsh.
iSRD: Spam review detection with imbalanced data distributions

Internet is playing an essential role for modern information systems. Applications, such as e-commerce websites, are becoming popularly available for people to purchase different types of products online. During such an online shopping process, users often rely on online review reports from previous customers to make the final decision. Because online reviews are playing essential roles for the selling of online products (or services), some vendors (or customers) are providing fake/spam reviews to mislead the customers. Any false reviews of the products may result in unfair market competition and financial loss for the customers or vendors. In this research, we aim to distinguish between spam and non-spam reviews by using supervised classification methods. When training a classifier to identify spam vs. non-spam reviews, a challenging issue is that spam reviews are only a very small portion of the online review reports. This naturally leads to a data imbalance issue for training classifiers for spam review detection, where learning methods without emphasizing on minority samples (i.e., spams) may result in poor performance in detecting spam reviews (although the overall accuracy of the algorithm might be relatively high). In order to tackle the challenge, we employ a bagging based approach to build a number of balanced datasets, through which we can train a set of spam classifiers and use their ensemble to detect review spams. Experiments and comparisons demonstrate that our method, iSRD, outperforms baseline methods for review spam detection.
A note on real tunnelling geometries

In the Hartle–Hawking 'no boundary' approach to quantum cosmology, a real tunnelling geometry is a configuration that represents a transition from a compact Riemannian spacetime to a Lorentzian universe. I complete an earlier proof that in three spacetime dimensions, such a transition is 'probable', in the sense that the required Riemannian geometry yields a genuine maximum of the semiclassical wavefunction.
Clearing the Air: Using Scientific Information to Regulate Reformulated Fuels

The gasoline oxygenate MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) was widely adopted across the United States in the 1990s as a key component of federally mandated oxygenated and reformulated fuels. The regulations implementing statutory mandates for oxygenated fuels were promulgated without a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental or health consequences of using MTBE or other oxygenates in such large quantities. Policymakers only belatedly realized the environmental ramifications of increased levels of MTBE in gasoline, especially groundwater contamination resulting from leaking fuel tanks. The policy process that led to MTBE's predominance was flawed, since no systematic attempt was made a priori to evaluate multimedia implications of MTBE's widespread use. The history of MTBE in the United States illustrates several typical, but problematic, features of environmental policymaking. It reveals how the scale of chemical usage directly impacts actual and perceived environmental effects. It highlights how instit...
Environmental responses and phage susceptibility in foodborne pathogens: implications for improving applications in food safety.

Bacterial foodborne pathogens can rapidly respond to changes in their environment, granting them the ability to survive under a broad range of conditions. In doing so, they undergo physiological alterations that can influence the efficacy of detection and interventions used in the food industry. As bacteriophage-based applications in food safety are gaining traction, it is crucial that we consider the effect the environment can have on phage-host interactions. This review aims to bridge knowledge of the responses of bacterial foodborne pathogens to changing environmental conditions with our understanding of phage-host interactions. An improved understanding of these intersections will aid in the development of bacteriophage-based products for the detection, biocontrol and biosanitation of foodborne pathogens.
A Study of Matrix Effects on a Graphite Base Semi-Quantitative Procedure

This paper will report an investigation of the procedure routinely used for the analysis of electromagnetically separated isotopes and in particular the variations in analytical results due to matrix effects. Analytical samples are mixed in a ratio of 1 to 9 parts graphite by weight and arced at 5 amperes, 2400 volts a.c. in a 3/16-inch pedestal type electrode. Inconsistencies in analytical results for certain samples prompted the authors to study some common impurities; namely, Al, Fe, Ca, Ba, and Si in matrices involving fluorides, chlorides, carbonates, and sulfates of several alkaline and alkaline earth elements which from experience have shown the greatest variations. Quantitative data showing enhancement and suppression effects are given.
Naturally emerging self-regulated practice behaviors among highly successful beginning recorder students:

The purpose of this research study was to extend current scholarship on self-regulated practice behaviors of young instrumentalists to the general music recorder classroom. This qualitative study explored the reflections of successful beginning recorder players in relation to the self-regulated practice model. Interviews were conducted with three high-achieving third-grade recorder players and responses were coded for themes relating to self-regulated practice. Results support the notion that self-regulation is an important component of effective practice and implications for music educators are explored. The study represents an unprecedented examination of the practice behaviors of children just beginning recorder study, and provides music educators with practical, research-based strategies for improving group recorder instruction in the elementary grades.
The inhibition of neutrophil elastase ameliorates mouse liver damage due to ischemia and reperfusion

Neutrophils are considered crucial effector cells in the pathophysiology of organ ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Although neutrophil elastase (NE) accounts for a substantial portion of the neutrophil activity, the function of NE in liver IRI remains unclear. This study focuses on the role of NE in the mechanism of liver IRI. Partial warm ischemia was produced in the left and middle hepatic lobes of C57BL/6 mice for 90 min, followed by 6-24 h of reperfusion. Mice were treated with NE inhibitor (NEI; 2 mg/kg p.o.) at 60 min prior to the ischemia insult. NEI treatment significantly reduced serum ALT levels, as compared with controls. Histological examination of liver sections has revealed that unlike in controls, NEI treatment ameliorated hepatocellular damage and decreased local neutrophil infiltration, as assessed by MPO assay, naphtol AS-D chloroacetate esterase stains and immunohistochemistry (anti-Ly-6G). The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, IL-6), and chemokines (CXCL-1, CXCL-2, CXCL-10) was significantly reduced in the NEI treatment group, along with diminished apoptosis by TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activity. In addition, TLR4 expression was diminished in NEI pretreated livers, which implies putative role of NE in the TLR4 signal transduction pathway. Thus, targeting NE represents a useful approach to prevent liver IRI, and hence to expand the organ donor pool and improve the overall success of liver transplantation.
Biochemical and behavioral responses of the Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum to crude oil: the effect of oil layer on water surface.

The largest Brazilian terrestrial province of petroleum mining is located at the margins of Urucu River, Amazonas. Mined crude oil is transported along 400 km across Solimoes River to be refined in Manaus. Thus, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of crude oil exposure on biochemical, physiological and behavioral parameters of juveniles of the Amazonian fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). The toxicity of water-soluble and insoluble oil fractions and the influence of a layer formed by the oil on the water surface from low and high concentrations of crude oil were analyzed. The results showed a strong physical effect of oil at the water surface and a significant effect on fish behavior. Swimming time and response to alarm substance decreased when fish was exposed for just one day to water insoluble fraction, and remain lower after 30 days of exposure, compared to control. Chronic exposure to water insoluble fraction of the inert oil also affected these two parameters. Critical swimming velocity decreased in fish exposed to both crude and inert oil water insoluble fraction. These reductions are possibly related to a decrease in aerobic capacity. Only exposure to high concentrations of petroleum water-soluble fractions induced transient alterations of the analyzed parameters. The exposure of fish to low and high concentrations of water insoluble fraction of Urucu oil caused a reduction of responses to alarm substance, spontaneous swimming activity and swimming capacity (Ucrit), decreased activity of acetylcholinesterase, and increased activity of alkaline phosphatase. Severe hypertrophy of lamellar epithelium and extensive lamellar fusion of the gills were also observed. Overall, these results show significant behavioral and physiological changes caused by the oil layer on the water surface, which means that toxicity of petroleum produced by its chemical components is, in fact, in this fish species, enhanced by the presence of an oil phase as a physical barrier.
Comparing Learning of Cooking in Home and Clinic for People With Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare learning of a functional living skill in two contexts for individuals with long-term schizophrenia. METHOD: Forty-four people with schizophrenia were matched on cognitive level. One of each pair was randomly designated to either a clinic or home cooking group, with the other assigned to the remaining group. Cooking skill was assessed using the Kitchen Task Assessment-Modified (KTA-M) both before and after the intervention. Learning for each group was analyzed using t tests. A multiple regression analysis to control for baseline differences was used to compare the learning of the two groups. RESULTS: Participants in both groups scored significantly higher on the KTA-M after cooking lessons (t = 5.57, df = 21, p < .0001--clinic; t = 7.81. df = 21, p < .0002--home) reflecting learning of cooking skill; there was no statistically significant difference in scores on the KTA-M between the two groups based on where the learning took place (beta = -1.8, df = 42, p < 0.23). Qualitative differences between the learning environments provide suggestions for teaching functional living skills to this population. CONCLUSIONS: Learning new skills in the home was not better than learning in the clinic for people with schizophrenia in this study. Further research on the effect of context on learning for people with cognitive dysfunction and schizophrenia is recommended.
The Preclose Technique in Percutaneous Endovascular Aortic Repair: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis

To establish the efficacy and safety of the preclose technique in total percutaneous endovascular aortic repair (PEVAR). A systematic literature search of Medline database was conducted for series on PEVAR published between January 1999 and January 2012. Thirty-six articles comprising 2,257 patients and 3,606 arterial accesses were included. Anatomical criteria used to exclude patients from undergoing PEVAR were not uniform across all series. The technical success rate was 94 % per arterial access. Failure was unilateral in the majority (93 %) of the 133 failed PEVAR cases. The groin complication rate in PEVAR was 3.6 %; a minority (1.6 %) of these groin complications required open surgery. The groin complication rate in failed PEVAR cases converted to groin cutdown was 6.1 %. A significantly higher technical success rate was achieved when arterial access was performed via ultrasound guidance. Technical failure rate was significantly higher with larger sheath size (≥20F). The preclose technique in PEVAR has a high technical success rate and a low groin complication rate. Technical success tends to increase with ultrasound-guided arterial access and decrease with larger access. When failure occurs, it is unilateral in the majority of cases, and conversion to surgical cutdown does not appear to increase the operative risk.
Visit from the doctor--a serious case.

tremely popular in the late 1 9th century. Largely forgotten dunng most of the first half of this century, when modernism prevailed, this style has seen a revival of interest in recent years. One of the most successful, prolific, and unusual genre painters was the Brooklynborn artist Harry Roseland. Roseland, who was born in 1 867, was largely self-taught, studying briefly in Brooklyn and then with the noted portrait artist J. Carroll Beckwith, in New York. He began to exhibit at the National Academy at the age of 16 and four years later, in 1 887, won a gold medal from the Brooklyn Art Association. For more than 20 years, spanning the end of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th, Roseland’s genre subjects were widely exhibited, earning him many prizes, until changing tastes left his paintings out of fashion in the years just before World War I. What is most unusual about Roseland is that this New Yorker, who never strayed far from his native Brooklyn, spent most of his career painting interior scenes of Afro-Americans. His early paintings, done while he was in his teens and early twenties, cover a wide range of conventional genre subjects. However, in his late twenties, Roseland began to devote himself almost entirely to subjects relating to poorer Afro-Americans. These colorful paintings portray his subjects sympathetically and present cheerful messages. Roseland’s paintings fall largely into two related categories. The best, most true to life, and most effective works are those that insightfully depict the interactions between blacks. Each painting skillfully demonstrates activities that largely occurred in or about the home and capture a way of life that has now vanished. The titles of these works, such as “The Rent Day-A Penny Short,” ‘An Interesting Game of Chess,’ “A Difference of Opinion,’ and “Wake Up, Dad,’ suggest the everyday stories told by Roseland’s paintings. The second category includes a large number of paintings that depict the interactions between poor blacks and elegantly dressed, young white women. These works, which primarily show palm readers, fortune tellers, or tea-leaf readings, are more stereotyped, less realistic, and less interesting. In 1 900, Roseland exhibited ‘Visit from the Doctor-A Serious Case’ at the National Academy of Design. This unusual and delightful painting is remarkable because the entire cast of the picture, the child patient, her mother or grandmother, and the doctor, are all AfroAmericans. The charming, seemingly happy child bridges the space
Plant Regeneration from Friable Embryogenic Callus and Cell Suspension Cultures of Zea mays L.

Summary Sectors of a soft, friable, mucilaginous and highly embryogenic callus appeared in embryogenic callus cultures obtained from the scutella of Zea mays L. (maize, commercial hybrid Dekalb XL82) immature embryos. This callus produced globular somatic embryos in very large numbers on the callus maintenance medium and its various modifications. However, the degree of organization in the callus could not be reduced by media alterations, without affecting its embryogenic potential. Stable, rapidly growing and well dispersed cell suspension cultures were obtained from the established friable embryogenic callus. The suspension cultures were comprised of small groups of embryogenic cells, some of which elongated, developed thick walls and ceased to divide. Somatic embryos up to the early scutellar stage were obtained when the suspension cultures were plated on agar-solidified N6 medium containing low concentrations of 2,4-D (0.1−0.2 mg · 1−1). Upon transfer to appropriate agar media somatic embryos in the friable callus, as well as those formed in plated suspension cultures, developed to maturity, and germinated to produce green plants which were successfully transferred to soil.
Partisan Consequences of the Post-1990 Redistricting for the U.S. House of Representatives

Following each recent round of redistricting, scholars have tried to determine whether that round worked to one party's advantage and whether control of the redistricting process by members of one party led to gerrymandering. They have reached mixed conclusions. Here, we examine the partisan consequences of the post-1990 redistricting for the U.S. House of Representatives. We create two sets of projections of partisan support levels for the 1990 and 1992 districts based on district-level 1988 presidential election data. One set of projections assumes an incumbency advantage, and one set assumes the hypothetical situation of all open seats, i.e., no incumbency advantage. We ask whether either party benefited and whether gerrymandering occurred. When we take incumbency into account, we find that our projections show that the two parties came out just about even in redistricting, with an increase in the number of districts evenly split between them. However, when we assume all open seats, our projections sho...
Identification of the direct lytic factor from cobra venom as cardiotoxin.

Abstract The most basic polypeptide in cobra ( Naja naja ) venom was isolated by chromatography on CM Sephadex columns as a chromatographically and electrophoretically uniform substance. This polypeptide comprises the total, rather low, direct lytic activity and also the total, very strong, cardiotoxic activity of the cobra venom. It should, therefore, be named ‘cardiotoxin’ rather than ‘direct lytic factor’ (DLF). Cardiotoxin and phospholipase A display a synergistic action in vitro . To determine whether this is also true in vivo , cardiotoxin was injected into dogs and monkeys by itself and together with phospholipase A. Furthermore, because of the interesting parallelisms of cobra and bee venom, analogous experiments with the polypeptides from bee venom were undertaken. The results showed that the lethality of cardiotoxin from cobra venom as well as that of melittin from bee venom increases strongly by additional injection of phospholipase A either before or after that of cardiotoxin or melittin. The second injection is the decisive one in the mechanism of death; if it consists of phospholipase A, the animals die due to respiratory failure, otherwise death is due to ventricular fibrillation.
The unspoken is being undone: The market's impact on higher education's public purpose

Competition is eroding the compact between higher education and the public, pushing higher education toward institutional self-interest and away from serving public needs.
Do panel surveys really make people sick? A commentary on Wilson and Howell (60:11, 2005, 2623-2627).

In a recent article in this journal, Wilson and Howell [2005. Do panel surveys make people sick? US arthritis trends in the Health and Retirement Survey. Social Science & Medicine, 60(11), 2623–2627.] argue that the sharp trend of rising age-specific arthritis prevalence from 1992 to 2000 in the USA among those in their 50s based on the original Health and Retirement Study (HRS) cohort of respondents is “almost surely spurious.” Their reasons are that no such trend is found in the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) over this same time period, and that an introduction of a new birth cohort into HRS in 1998 also indicates no trend. They also claim that there may be an inherent bias in panel surveys leading respondents to report greater levels of disease as the duration of their participation in the panel increases. This bias, which they call “panel conditioning,” suggests a tendency for participants in a longitudinal survey to seek out medical care and diagnosis of symptoms asked about in previous waves. In this paper, we show that the evidence presented and the conclusions reached by Wilson and Howell are incorrect. Properly analyzed, three national health surveys—the NHIS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and HRS—all show increases in age-specific arthritis prevalence during the 1990s. Since the new HRS sample cohort introduced in 1998 represents only a part of that birth cohort, we also demonstrate that Wilson and Howell's evidence in favor of panel conditioning was flawed. We find little indication of panel conditioning among existing participants in a panel survey.
Arriving-on-time problem : Discrete algorithm that ensures convergence

Finding optimal paths in stochastic networks is an important topic in many scientific and engineering fields. To cope with uncertainty, various performance measures, including expected travel time, reliability, value at risk, and expectation with chance constraint, have been introduced. The literature has shown that adaptive strategies that incorporate both anticipation and real-time information are more efficient than a preplanned strategy in a stochastic environment. Most adaptive optimal-path algorithms focus on least-expected travel time. Recently, an adaptive path-finding strategy, named the stochastic on-time arrival (SOTA) algorithm, was proposed to maximize the travel time reliability for any given time threshold. However, the originally proposed SOTA algorithm is based on the classic successive approximation. Whether this algorithm converges within a finite number of successive approximation steps is an open question. In this study, the proposed discrete SOTA algorithm runs in an optimal polynomial time and thus improves the computational efficiency significantly. Numerical examples are provided, and future extensions are proposed.
PREDICTING ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS FROM COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES: A MULTIPLE INDICATOR MODEL

This study examines the effects of certain communication variables (member integration, boundary communication, environmental uncertainty, and system autonomy) on organizational effectiveness. While often discussed in the literature, these variables have not been precisely defined. As a result, a multiple indicator model using maximum likelihood estimates for each variable was created. Interviews with managers from 82 different organizations from a variety of industries are used to test the model. The results suggest that member integration and environmental uncertainty, when the latter is mediated by boundary communication, provide an excellent predictor of organizational effectiveness (R= .64). The results are discussed in light of the proposed theory along with implications for future research using intertypical sampling methods and LISREL analysis.
Analysis of the volatile combustion products of polyphenylene oxide plastics.

The volatile combustion products of four polyphenylene oxide samples have been qualitatively and quantitatively determined under various conditions of temperature and air supply. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are the major volatile products, accounting for about 40% of the plastic. Methane, toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene each account for 10 to 40 mg/gm of plastic. Benzene, straight-chain saturated and unsaturated aliphatics through hexane, methanol, and acetaldehyde are present in small amounts ranging from 4 to 0.1 mg/gm. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are the only products whose concentrations vary significantly with combustion conditions. A considerable quantity (∼500 mg/gm) of higher-boiling products condenses in the combustion tube. Some of these products are identified.
Preparation of oligoamide-ended poly(ethylene glycol) and hydrogen-bonding-assisted formation of aggregates and nanoscale fibers

An oligoamide-ended poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with a PEG weight-average molecular weight of 5000 (PEG-5000-oligoamide), with 3,5-bis-[2-(5-acetylamino-2-isobutoxy-benzoylamino)-acetylamino]-benzoyl as the oligoamide, was synthesized. PEG-5000-oligoamide aggregated in chloroform or toluene via hydrogen-bonding interactions among the oligoamide strands as a core and PEG, which was soluble in the solvents, as a shell. When a chloroform solution of PEG-5000-oligoamide at a concentration of approximately 0.06 g/L was cast onto a silicon wafer or a mica plate, rapid solvent evaporation induced its self reassembly as nanofibers.
An Efficient Layerwise Shear-Deformation Theory and Finite Element Implementation

A computationally efficient, layerwise shear-deformation theory for improving the accuracy of stress and strain predictions in the analysis of laminated shells with arbitrary thickness is presented. The theory is two-dimensional and displacement-based. The in-plane displacement field is modeled using the superposition of overall first-order shear deformation and layerwise functions that accommodate the complexity of zigzag-like in-plane deformation through the laminate thickness. By imposing the inter-laminar shear traction continuity, which is ignored by most conventional laminate theories, the accuracy of stress and strain predictions is improved. Moreover, the relations between structural variables that are defined for each layer are obtained through the use of inter-laminar continuity of stress and displacement. The relations are used to reduce the number of independent variables such that the number of structural variables is independent of the number of layer, which makes the model computationally a...
Invisible rendezvous: Mapping the music and community of computer‐mediated communication through performance (point and counterpoint)

(1996). Invisible rendezvous: Mapping the music and community of computer‐mediated communication through performance (point and counterpoint) Text and Performance Quarterly: Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 172-188.
Characterizing internal tides near the Luzon Strait

In the Luzon Strait, which lies between the Philippines and Taiwan and connects the western Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, ridges extending along the ocean bottom generate large internal tides—waves with a tidal frequency within the ocean, not on its surface—that propagate into the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean.
Clinical consequences of infected arteriovenous grafts in hemodialysis patients

Arteriovenous (AV) graft infection is a serious adverse event in hemodialysis patients; however, there is little published literature describing its consequences. We identified prospectively all AV graft infections occurring at our institution during a 4.5-year period. We analyzed immediate complications, as well as long-term consequences, including the need for subsequent vascular-access procedures and duration of catheter-dependent dialysis therapy. Ninety graft infections were identified in 78 patients, yielding a rate of 8.2 infections/100 graft-years. Patients with graft infection were much more likely to have a low serum albumin level (<3.5 g/dL) in the month preceding the infection compared with noninfected controls (73% versus 18%; P < 0.001). Infections occurred within 1 month of graft placement in 15%, at 1 to 12 months in 44%, and longer than 1 year from surgery in 41%. The pathogen was a gram-positive coccus in 97% of cases, particularly Staphylococcus aureus (60%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (22%). The initial graft infection entailed hospitalization for a mean of 7.5 days. Eleven patients (12%) developed a total of 17 major complications, including death (5 patients), clinical sepsis requiring vasopressors (4 patients), septic arthritis (3 patients), epidural abscess (1 patient), endocarditis (1 patient), osteomyelitis (1 patient), myocardial infarction (1 patient), and cerebrovascular accident (1 patient). After removal of an infected graft, patients were catheter dependent for a median of 3.8 months. The duration of catheter dependence was less than 3 months in 36%, 3 to 6 months in 38%, 6 to 12 months in 14%, and greater than 1 year in 12%. During the period of catheter dependence, patients required a mean of 9.7 access procedures, including graft removal (1.0 procedure), nontunneled dialysis catheters (4.4 procedures), tunneled dialysis catheters (3.0 procedures), and new permanent accesses (1.4 procedures). In addition, patients averaged 0.85 episodes of bacteremia while they were catheter dependent. In conclusion, graft infection results in substantial morbidity, prolonged dependence on dialysis catheters, and multiple vascular-access procedures.