cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
China and India: Competition, Collaboration, or Compromising?

As the two most populous countries in the world and two of the four BRIC countries with a growing economy, China and India have become formidable forces on the world stage. While China and India are forging ahead with economic development domestically and exhibiting political influence internationally, the relationship between the two countries is less understood or straightforward. This paper attempts to study the Sino-Indian relations with a focus on the public opinion of each other in the two countries. The authors hypothesize that Chinese and Indians do not have favorable opinions of each other and they see China and India more as competitors than collaborators. We argue that there is much room for improvement in Sino-India relations in order to achieve better cooperation between the two countries.
18F-FDG PET/CT Is an Immediate Imaging Biomarker of Treatment Success After Liver Metastasis Ablation.

1052 Objectives Because of their extended differentiation capacity, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained great interest in the field of regenerative medicine. For the development of therapeutic strategies, more knowledge on their in vivo fate is required. So far, MSCs were mainly labeled for that purpose with iron particles for MR imaging or with [18F]FDG for PET imaging. In case of brain applications, however, [18F]FDG is critical as a MSC label. This is due to the risk of image contrast lost in case of instability of the labeling. 3’-deoxy-3’-18F-fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT) might be an alternative. Thus, this project was initiated to, prior to testing [18F]FLT-labeled MSCs in a large animal stroke model, investigating the cellular uptake, vitality and binding of [18F]FLT by MSCs in vitro. Methods Adult ovine mononuclear MSCs were used to investigate [18F]FLT uptake kinetics and cell toxicity over time (0-120 min) in relation to tracer dose (0.1-100 MBq). 200,000 cells were seeded over time in 2 ml 37°C PBS per well in a 12-well plate. Cell viability and the amount of tracer uptake after labeling were evaluated using Trypan Blue reagent and Gammacounter, respectively. Results [18F]FLT uptake by the MSCs increased up to 60min incubation time to 0.34%ID/10,000 cells, followed by a plateau of the labeling signal up to 120min incubation time. 60 min after [18F]FLT labeling, approximately 70% of the cells had good cellular vitality. Increasing the concentration of [18F]FLT decreased cell vitality from 85% at 0.1 MBq to 59% at 100 MBq, which was accompanied by higher tracer elution from the cells. After 60min labeling, ~85% of the initially incorporated [18F]FLT was retained inside the MSCs, while this was the case for only 47% after 3hrs. Conclusions In conclusion, [18F]FLT labeling of sheep MSCs is feasible. 60min incubation time with the tracer does not perturb the biologic and functional properties of adult sheep MSCs in vitro. This labeling method and optimization strategy has led to pilot studies investigating the biodistribution of [18F]FLT-labeled MSCs in mice using small-animal PET/MRI. Future studies will also determine whether [18F]FLT-labeled MSCs can be tracked over time in a large animal model to assess the therapeutic potential of MSCs after stroke.
Anatomy of the Photochemical Reaction: Excited-State Dynamics Reveals the C-H Acidity Mechanism of Methoxy Photo-oxidation on Titania.

Light-driven chemical reactions on semiconductor surfaces have potential for addressing energy and pollution needs through efficient chemical synthesis; however, little is known about the time evolution of excited states that determine reaction pathways. Here, we study the photo-oxidation of methoxy (CH3O) derived from methanol on the rutile TiO2(110) surface using ab initio simulations to create a molecular movie of the process. The movie sequence reveals a wealth of information on the reaction intermediates, time scales, and energetics. The reaction is broken in three stages, described by Lewis structures directly derived from the “hole” wave functions that lead to the concept of “photoinduced C–H acidity”. The insights gained from this work can be generalized to a set of simple rules that can predict the efficiency of photo-oxidation reactions in reactant–catalyst pairs.
De cómo Moisés Banquett y Orlando Fals Borda hablan de la ANUC

Between 1967 and 1981, Colombia experienced the development of the largest peasant movement in its own history, was led by the National Asociation of Peasant...
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: Intraoperative Photography as a Quality Metric for Axillary Dissection

The adequacy of an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is frequently assessed by the number of LNs pathologically identified. We hypothesized that intraoperative photographs facilitate objective measurement of the surgical quality of an ALND. Intraoperative photographs of the axilla were obtained prospectively following ALND by four surgeons. An objective scoring system was created based on the visibility of anatomic landmarks, with a maximum score of 7. Photographs of each case were scored independently by the other three surgeons. Factors thought to influence LN count were evaluated for correlation. Interrater variability was calculated. A total of 115 cases were evaluated: 98 breast and 17 melanoma. Mean LN count was 25.1 (SD 10.5): 23.2 (SD 7.9) for breast and 36.5 (SD 15.8) for melanoma. Ninety percent of cases had a LN count ≥15. Factors associated with a higher number of LNs were melanoma (p < 0.001), visualization of the axillary vein (p = 0.03), and long thoracic nerve (p = 0.04). There was no association with age, body mass index, number of positive LNs, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, or matted LNs. Mean ALND photograph score was 4.8 (SD 1.3). A 1-point change in total score increased the mean LN count by 2.4 (p = 0.002). Correlations for interrater reliability varied from 0.27 to 0.62. Photographic visualization of axillary anatomic structures correlates with the number of LNs identified on pathology. These findings support initiating a larger study with more surgeons to define the optimal photo metrics of an adequate ALND.
STUDIES OF ACID-BASE DISTURBANCES: E. Mead Johnson Award Address, October 1966

In summary, the work which I have described here represents a quantitative approach to answering certain questions in the acid-base field which are physiologically important and practically useful as well. Encouraged by the results we have thus far obtained, we hope to pursue this general approach in answering other similar questions in this general area.
AIDS and human immunodeficiency virus infections: update 1990

We will consider several important topics, including the viruses, their clinical manifestation and staging, prevention and therapy, epidemiology, specific urologic aspects, and emerging and cautious optimism among researchers
Sorting Out Presenilins in Alzheimer's Disease

Mutations in the presenilins that cause familial Alzheimer's disease alter the activity of these proteases to increase generation of an aggregation-prone isoform of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). How these mutations do so has been unclear. Sannerud et al. now show that regulation of subcellular localization plays a central role, advancing our understanding of the cell biology of Alzheimer's disease.
Role of Posttranslational Modifications in Replication Initiation

DNA replication must occur precisely once per cell cycle to maintain a stable genome. An important means to achieve this is through multilayered regulation of replication initiation at both local and global levels. Recent genetic and biochemical studies in several organisms have revealed critical roles of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in these regulations. While the best-demonstrated class of PTMs is kinase-mediated phosphorylation, additional forms of PTMs including ubiquitylation, methylation, and acetylation also contribute to the control of replication initiation. Here we survey the current understanding of how different types of modifications govern and fine-tune several aspects of replication initiation, including origin licensing, firing, and global replication timing.
Scalable Equals Asynchronous and Asynchronous Equals Boring. Or Does It

ABSTRACTThis article reports on recent work to introduce a model of scalable, asynchronous library instruction into the First-Year Writing Program at James Madison University inspired by the premise: Scalable equals asynchronous and asynchronous equals boring. Or does it? The authors describe how a small team from Libraries & Educational Technologies at James Madison University planned and built an asynchronous, modular tutorial series, primarily designed to motivate students to engage with the library instruction contained within it. Information literacy instruction was provided using a tool called “Guide on the Side” and employed short scenario videos and additional content, followed by activities and assessment, in order to improve student outcomes and engagement. In this foundational program, the new and engaging asynchronous materials became the first step of a library instruction model that aimed to reach as many students as possible, while still being sustained by one librarian.
Al/TiO2/p-Si heterojunction as an ideal minority carrier electron injector for silicon photovoltaics

Amorphous titanium dioxide (TiO2) several nm thick deposited on crystalline silicon at 100°C has been shown to block holes due to a large valence band offset and be transparent to electrons. In this work, using a combination of temperature-dependent I-V measurements and multiple p-type substrate types (CZ, FZ), we demonstrate that the dominant current mechanism in an Al/TiO 2 /p-Si heterojunction is the injection of electrons into the quasi-neutral silicon, implying a highly effective electron-selective contact.
Myelopathy Due To Gorham’s Disease

Gorham’s disease (GD) is extremely rare and a mysterious bone pathology with unknown etiology. Jackson first described it in 1838; in 1955 Gorham and Stout presented 24 cases with an overview and described it as progressive osteolysis associated with angiomatosis of the blood or lymphatic vessels. GD may originate in virtually any osseous structure. Other terms were introduced, such as: the disappearing bone, the phantom bone, primary lymphangioma, acute absorption of bone; Gorham and Stout called it massive osteolysis.
Phytochemicals for the Prevention of Photocarcinogenesis

Ultraviolet (UV) exposure has an array of damaging effects and is the main cause of skin cancer in humans. Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common type of cancer. Incidence of NMSC has increased due to greater UV radiation, increased life expectancy and other changes in lifestyle; the annual cost of skin cancer treatment in the United States has increased concurrently to around eight billion dollars. Because of these trends, novel approaches to skin cancer prevention have become an important area of research to decrease skin cancer morbidity and defray the costs associated with treatment. Chemoprevention aims to prevent or delay the development of skin cancer through the use of phytochemicals. Use of phytochemicals as chemopreventive agents has gained attention due to their low toxicity and anticarcinogenic properties. Phytochemicals also exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects which support their use as chemopreventive agents, particularly for skin cancer. Preclinical and human studies have shown that phytochemicals decrease UV-induced skin damage and photocarcinogenesis. In this review article, we discuss the selected phytochemicals that may prevent or delay UV-induced carcinogenesis and highlight their potential use for skin protection.
Predicting outcomes in patients with advanced malignancies treated on Phase 1 clinical trials.

2543 Background: Appropriate selection of patients fit for Phase 1 trials is critical to avoid harm and maximize the potential for benefit, yet this can be challenging. Previous studies of prognost...
Historical and Recent Demography of the Algonkians of Northern Ontario

If a woman begins to bear live-born offspring at the age of 20 years and continues to bear fully viable children at the rate of one every 4 years until she ceases to ovulate, say at the age of 45 years, she will have a completed fertility of seven offspring. If the woman has children every 3 years, all else being the same, she would have nine children; if every 2 years, then 13 children; and so on. Many factors in addition to birth spacing influence human fertility rates. Anthropological demographers attempt to determine what these factors are for specific populations and how their influence may change over time. For example, factors that influence human fertility in the subarctic and elsewhere include: (1) age at marriage, and the relationship between marriage and pregnancy; (2) sufficiency of food intake in order to provide for a normal pregnancy, delivery, and lactation; (3) disease conditions normally encountered; (4) practice of techniques to either abort a pregnancy or kill a new-born; (5) factors influencing spacing between successive pregnancies and deliveries; (6) relationship between a particular subsistence pattern, such as the hunting of migratory game species in the subarctic, and an infant’s chances for survival; (7) social value placed on having a particular number of offspring and/or offspring of a particular sex; (8) employment.
Job satisfaction versus job engagement: A comparative analysis on perceptions of accountability and turnover

Job satisfaction assesses extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, leading to productivity. Job engagement internalizes an organizationʼs mission. Job engagement focuses an individualʼs efforts towards achieving meaningful results. Conceptually, job engagement must (1) establish the link between job engagement and organizational outcomes and (2) offer substantially more than currently provided by job satisfaction. Job engagement must be better than a common placebo or only a marginal improvement over job satisfaction. The Federal Employee View Survey (2013) includes global satisfaction and Job engagement indexes. Job satisfaction and job engagement are used as independent variables linked to productivity outcomes (accountability) and exit (intent to leave). Global satisfaction clearly provides a useful measure for productivity outcomes and exit. Job engagement adds usefully with regard to the accountability productivity outcome. However, using both constructs introduces redundancy.
Broadband monolithically tunable quantum cascade lasers

Mid-infrared lasers, emitting in the spectral region of 3-12 μm that contain strong characteristic vibrational transitions of many important molecules, are highly desirable for spectroscopy sensing applications. High efficiency quantum cascade lasers have been demonstrated with up to watt-level output power in the mid-infrared region. However, the wide wavelength tuning, which is critical for spectroscopy applications, is still largely relying on incorporating external gratings, which have stability issues. Here, we demonstrate the development a monolithic, widely tunable quantum cascade laser source emitting between 6.1 and 9.2 μm through an on-chip integration of a sampled grating distributed feedback tunable laser array with a beam combiner. A compact tunable laser system was built to drive the individual lasers within the array and coordinate the driving of the laser array to produce desired wavelength. A broadband spectral measurement (520cm-1) of methane shows excellent agreement with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer measurement. Further optimizations have led to high performance monolithic tunable QCLs with up to 65 mW output while delivering fundamental mode outputs.
Emerging drugs for primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: The identification of effective therapies for progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) has remains a priority and challenge for the global MS community. Despite a few proposed mec...
Seismic performance of steel moment frame office buildings with square concrete-filled steel tube gravity columns

Abstract A dual lateral-force resisting system consisting of a primary lateral-force resisting system and secondary concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns placed in the gravity framing is presented in this paper. The dual CFT system concept relies on the primary lateral-force resisting system to supply the main lateral strength, while additional lateral strength and robustness is provided by the CFT columns. To explore the viability of the concept, the predicted seismic performance of 1-story, 2-story, and 4-story office conventional buildings, with perimeter steel moment frames and wide-flange gravity columns, was compared to the performance of the same buildings but employing square HSS columns filled with unreinforced concrete. The analyses predicted that, compared to conventional buildings, buildings with the dual CFT system were 20–83% less susceptible to seismic collapse, depending on the strength and ductility of the primary moment frame, the orientation of the wide-flange columns in the conventional building, and the number of stories. Using high-strength, thick, or slightly larger CFT columns did not significantly improve collapse safety. Buildings with the dual CFT system generally had improved seismic performance, depending on the moment frame design, the number of stories, and the intensity of the ground shaking. Buildings with the dual CFT system had up 45% lower repair costs, up to 64% shorter repair time, and a lower probability that the building would be deemed unsafe.
In vitro formation of amyloid fibrils from intact β2-microglobulin

Prompted by the identification of hemodialysis-associated amyloid protein as beta 2-microglobulin, we attempted to create in vitro amyloid fibrils from the native protein. Beta 2-microglobulin in PBS was slowly dialyzed free of salt and then concentrated. The residue showed Congophilia with green birefringence by light microscopy and polarization, and non-branching fibrils of indeterminate length, measuring 8 to 10 nm in diameter by electron microscopy, thus meeting the morphologic criteria for amyloid. The present study demonstrates the first successful in vitro creation of amyloid fibrils with intact precursor protein molecules and provides supporting evidence that hemodialysis-associated amyloid is constituted from beta 2-microglobulin.
Constructive Induction: Covering Attribute Spectrum

Inductive algorithms rely strongly on their representational biases. Representational inadequacy can be mitigated by constructive induction. This chapter introduces several important issues for constructive induction and describes a new multi-strategy constructive induction algorithm (GALA2.0) which is independent of the learning algorithm. Unlike most previous research on constructive induction, our methods are designed as a preprocessing step before standard machine learning algorithms are applied. We present the results which demonstrate the effectiveness of GALA2.0 on real domains for two different learners: C4.5 and backpropagation.
Real Time Architecture

This chapter presents a brief summary of the texplore algorithm before fully describing and presenting the real time RL architecture. First, I present a typical example of a sequential model-based RL architecture. Then I present details on using Monte Carlo Tree Search for planning, including a description of the modified version of the uct algorithm (Kocsis and Szepesvari, 2006) that we use for planning. In Section 3.2, I present the parallel architecture for real time action, which puts model learning, planning, and acting on three parallel threads, such that actions can be taken as fast as required without being constrained by how long model updates or planning take. Finally, I summarize the chapter in Section 3.3.
Stage A Versus Stage B Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate: Morphological Comparison and Biological Significance

Morphological features in radical prostatectomy specimens from 11 stage A and 73 stage B prostatic carcinomas were compared by mapping of tumor locations, and determinations of cancer volumes and histological patterns. Small stage A cancers were located anteromedially, while small stage B carcinomas were concentrated against the posterior capsule at the rectal surface. Small stage A carcinomas commonly invaded the anterior fibromuscular stroma and benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules, features that were uncommon even in large stage B tumors. Stage A cancers often appeared to arise within benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules and had a distinctive histological appearance. Even when large, stage A carcinomas tended not to spread close to the rectal surface of the gland. Stages A and B cancers spanned a roughly comparable volume range, and both showed progressive dedifferentiation with increasing volume. It is proposed that stages A and B cancers are biologically similar malignancies, distinguished only by their site of origin. Prognosis for patients with stage A carcinoma probably is closely related to tumor volume and dedifferentiation, features that are not reliably estimated in tissue samples removed at operation for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Evaluating the Prediction of Breast Cancer Survival Using Lymph Node Ratio.

Purpose Previous oncological studies showed that lymph node ratio (LNR) (ratio of number of lymph nodes that tested positive for metastasis to the total number of lymph nodes examined) is a negative indicator of cancer survival. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system incorporates tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis in a comprehensive model of cancer progression, but LNR alone has been shown to outperform the AJCC system in prognostic and survival predictions for various types of cancer. The effectiveness of LNR has not been evaluated in breast cancer staging. Evaluating LNR for predicting cancer staging in breast cancer has the potential to improve treatment recommendations. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset was used to identify 10,655 breast cancer patients who underwent nodal evaluation from 2010 to 2013, and their LNRs were calculated. Descriptive statistics of lymph node evaluation in the patients are provided. Logistic regression with LNR as the continuous independent variable was conducted to determine whether LNR could predict cancer progression, coded as regional or distant. Analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24. Results Patient's mean age was 59.43±18.62. Logistic regression analysis revealed that for every 1.3% increase in LNR, the odds of falling into the distant stage of the TNM staging system increased by 13.7% (odds ratio, 14.73; 95% confidence interval, 12.00-18.08). Conclusion LNR, while correlated with breast cancer staging, serves as a better predictor of survival. Precision staging can influence treatment modality, and improved treatments can significantly improve quality of life. Additional research and diagnostic examinations using LNR as a potential tool for accurate staging in breast cancer patients are warranted.
Similarity-Aware Kanerva Coding for On-Line Reinforcement Learning

A major challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is use of a tabular representation to represent learned policies with a large number of states or state-action pairs. Function approximation is a promising tool to overcome this deficiency. This approach uses parameterized functions instead of a table to represent learned knowledge and enables generalization. However, existing schemes cannot solve realistic RL problems, with their rapidly increasing demands for approximating accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we extend the architecture of Sparse Distributed Memories (SDMs) and propose a novel on-line methodology, similarity-aware Kanerva coding (SAK), that closely represents the learned knowledge for very large-scale problems with significantly fewer parameterized components. SAK directly measures the state variables' real distances in all dimensions and reformulates a new state similarity metric with an improved definition of state closeness. As a result, our scheme accurately distributes and generalizes knowledge among related states. We further enhance SAK's efficiency by allowing a limited number of prototype states that have certain similarities to be activated for value approximation so that the risk of over-generalization is hindered. In addition, SAK eliminates size tuning and prototype reallocation for the prototype set, resulting in not only broadened scalability but also significant savings in the amount of necessary prototypes and computational overhead needed for RL. Our extensive experimental results show that SAK achieves more than 48% improvements over existing schemes in learning quality, and reveal that SAK is able to consistently learn good policies for RL with small overhead and short training times, even given roughly tuned scheme parameters.
Windows in George Herbert and Philip Larkin: A Study of Poetic Metaphor

ABSTRACTIn ‘Bridge and Door,’ Simmel makes a comment regarding the function of the window. He argues that the window acts as ‘a connection of inner space with the external world.’ He argues that ‘t...
Resta, C. (Ed.). (2017). Valuing music in education: A Charles Fowler reader. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 312 pp.

Charles Fowler (1931–1995) was a prominent American music educator and advocate for arts education who believed in the importance and power of music in school and society. His contributions to arts...
Neurological autoimmune disorders with prominent gastrointestinal manifestations: A review of presentation, evaluation, and treatment.

Background The identification of autoantibodies directed against neuronal antigens has led to the recognition of a wide spectrum of neurological autoimmune disorders (NAD). With timely recognition and treatment, many patients with NAD see rapid improvement. Symptoms associated with NAD can be diverse and are determined by the regions of the nervous system affected. In addition to neurological symptoms, a number of these disorders present with prominent gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations such as nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, and gastroparesis prompting an initial evaluation by gastroenterologists. Purpose This review provides a general overview of autoantibodies within the nervous system, focusing on three scenarios in which nervous system autoimmunity may initially present with gut symptoms. A general approach to evaluation and treatment, including antibody testing, will be reviewed.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN GIZI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA KOMIK TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN GIZI SEIMBANG ANAK KELAS 5 SEKOLAH DASAR DI SDN CIRIUNG 02 CIBINONG TAHUN 2017

Pedoman gizi seimbang mulai diperkenalkan dan disosialisasikan lebih dari 15 tahun lalu. Pedoman gizi seimbang berlaku untuk setiap tahapan usia termasuk anak usia sekolah. Edukasi gizi seimbang masih sedikit diberikan pada anak usia sekolah. Menurut beberapa penelitian masih banyak prevalensi pengetahuan gizi seimbang yang kurang. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan Zulaekah (2012) menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 57,7% anak sekolah dasar mempunyai pengetahuan gizi yang kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh pendidikan gizi dengan menggunakan media Komik terhadap pengetahuan gizi seimbang. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian quasy experimental dengan rancangan time series design. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan media cetak berupa Komik yang berisi mengenai 4 pesan gizi seimbang, yaitu variasi makanan, pentingnya hidup bersih, pentingnya pola hidup aktif dan olahraga, serta pentingnya memantau berat badan yang divisualisasikan dalam tumpeng gizi seimbang (TGS). Analisis statistik data menggunakan uji t-dependen. Hasil uji t-dependen menunjukkan bahwa adanya kenaikan rata-rata nilai pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian komik sebesar 36,36. Pada penelitian ini pemberian media komik gizi seimbang dapat meningkatkan rata-rata pengetahuan anak sekolah sebesar 34,36 atau 72,15%.
Converter Analysis Using Discrete Time State-Space Modeling

Modeling plays a vital role in the design of advanced power converters. Commonly, modeling is completed using either dedicated hand analysis, which must be completed individually for each topology, or time-stepping circuit simulations, which are insufficiently rapid for broad analysis considering a wide range of potential designs or operating points. Discrete time state-space modeling of switching converters has shown merits in rapid analysis and generality to arbitrary circuit topologies but is hampered by difficulty incorporating nonlinear elements. In this work, we investigate methods for the incorporation of nonlinear elements into a generalized discrete time state-space modeling framework and showcase the utility of the approach for use in the converter design process.
Demand Aware Deployment and Expansion Method for an Electric Vehicles Fast Charging Network

The rising awareness for maintaining a clean environment, reducing pollutant emissions, breaking dependencies on oil, as well as tapping into cleaner sources of energies and the remarkable initiatives taken by many countries are nurturing the enormous potential of Electric Vehicles (EV) of being our principal mode of transportation. EVs acceptance, however, is hindered by several challenges, among them is their shorter driving range, slower charging rate, and the lack of ubiquitous availability of charging locations, collectively contributing to higher anxieties for EVs drivers. Meanwhile, the expected immense EV load onto the power distribution sector may compromise the power quality. In this paper, we present a two stage solution to provision and dimension a DC fast charging network that minimizes the deployment cost while ensuring a certain quality of experience for charging (e.g., acceptable waiting time, shorter travel distance to charge, etc.). Further, we pay particular attention to maintain the voltage stability by adding a minimum number of voltage stabilizers upon the need to the power distribution network. We propose, evaluate and compare two CS (charging station) network expansion models to determine a cost effective and adaptive CSs provisioning solution that can efficiently expand the CS network to accommodate future charging demands. Finally, a custom built PYTHON-based discrete event simulator is developed to test our outcomes.
Quantifying Acetaldehyde in Astronomical Ices and Laboratory Analogues: IR Spectra, Intensities, 13C Shifts, and Radiation Chemistry

Acetaldehyde is of interest to astrochemists for its relevance to both interstellar and cometary chemistry, but little infrared (IR) spectral data have been published for the solid phases of this compound. Here we present IR spectra of three forms of solid acetaldehyde, with spectra for one form being published for the first time. Direct measurements of band strengths and absorption coefficients also are reported for the first time for amorphous aldehyde, the form of greatest interest for astrochemical work. An acetaldehyde band strength at 1350 cm1 that has been used as a reference for about 20 yr is seen to be in error by about 80 per cent when compared to the direct measurements presented here. Spectra and peak positions also are presented for H13C(O)13CH3, and then used for the first identification of ketene as a radiation product of solid acetaldehyde.
ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY: DISPLACED AND DYSFUNCTIONAL

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a rare cardiomyopathy associated with sudden cardiac arrest. It has been attributed to over a dozen mutations, principally in desmosomes, characterized by progressive fibrous-fatty tissue displacement of ventricular myocardium. Right
Factors influencing efficacy of an area-wide pest management program in three urban forests

Abstract Managing exotic invasive pests like emerald ash borer can strain budgets and the capacity of cities to protect their urban forest. Area-wide management approaches, like SLAM (SL.ow A.sh M.ortality), can potentially protect trees at a greatly reduced cost. We tested this strategy in three urban forests in Indiana by treating 40 % of the ash trees with insecticides. While the urban SLAM approach reduced overall mortality of untreated ash trees, survivorship varied considerably between sites. SLAM was most successful (54 % survival) where initially > 30 %) and 40 % of all trees were treated with emamectin benzoate every two years. The approach was less successful (38 % survival) in a site with similar initial ash morbidity but where 15 % of trees were treated with emamectin benzoate and 25 % with annual applications of imidacloprid. In the third site, where 51 % of ash forest were initially moribund and 40 % of the ash trees were treated, only 23 % survived. Overall survival of treated ash trees declined by 18–22 %, and trees that were not moribund were most likely to survive. Although many treated trees that were initially moribund regained their health by the end of the project, this was not the case for untreated ash trees. Where SLAM was most successful, both untreated and treated white ash were more likely to survive than green ash trees. Untreated ash trees at all three sites were more likely to survive when closer to trees treated with emamectin benzoate, but not to those treated with imidacloprid. Our findings suggest that the SLAM approach can protect urban ash trees, but its success is strongly influenced by initial tree condition, species composition and proximity to treated ash trees.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity of Vascular Cells in Early Stage Murine Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm—Brief Report

Objective: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease characterized by smooth muscle cell depletion, ECM (extracellular matrix) degradation, and infiltration of immune c...
Forecasting Revenue Impacts from COVID-19: The Case of Florida Municipalities

Early in the pandemic, Florida municipal managers indicated that forecasting the impact on local revenues was one of their top priorities in responding to the pandemic, yet such a tool has not been...
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan glypican-1 and PECAM-1 cooperate in shear-induced endothelial nitric oxide production

This study aimed to clarify the role of glypican-1 and PECAM-1 in shear-induced nitric oxide production in endothelial cells. Atomic force microscopy pulling was used to apply force to glypican-1 and PECAM-1 on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and nitric oxide was measured using a fluorescent reporter dye. Glypican-1 pulling for 30 min stimulated nitric oxide production while PECAM-1 pulling did not. However, PECAM-1 downstream activation was necessary for the glypican-1 force-induced response. Glypican-1 knockout mice exhibited impaired flow-induced phosphorylation of eNOS without changes to PECAM-1 expression. A cooperation mechanism for the mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress to nitric oxide production was elucidated in which glypican-1 senses flow and phosphorylates PECAM-1 leading to endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and nitric oxide production.
BCR-ABL1 p210 screening for chronic myeloid leukemia in patients with peripheral blood cytoses

INTRODUCTION Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) usually presents with leukocytosis with neutrophilia, left shift, and basophilia. Documentation of the BCR-ABL1 fusion is required for diagnosis, and this is often achieved via p210 BCR-ABL1 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). METHODS Patients undergoing first-time testing for p210 BCR-ABL1 at our institution were retrospectively identified. The medical record was reviewed, and the patient age, sex, clinical indication for testing, and concurrent CBC with differential were identified for 518 patients. BCR-ABL1 p210 testing had been performed using a laboratory-developed quantitative RT-PCR assay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using an unpaired t test, and P values of <.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Twenty-four patients received a new diagnosis of CML (4.6%). As compared to patients with a negative PCR, these patients were more likely to have a markedly elevated white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophilia, and a mild anemia. Ninety-two percent (22/24) of new CML patients had a WBC ≥20 × 109 /L, and the two new CML patients with WBC <20 × 109 /L had basophilia in the peripheral blood. By contrast, 92% (449/490) of non-CML patients had a WBC <20 × 109 /L. CONCLUSION The peripheral blood parameters of total WBC ≥20 × 109 /L and absolute basophil count can help guide the need for BCR-ABL1 PCR testing, which can lead to more judicious test utilization, decreased healthcare costs, and decreased false positives, while keeping a high sensitivity for CML. This study also underscores the importance of obtaining a complete differential in patients for whom CML is suspected.
The Rich and the Rest of Us: A Poverty Manifesto by T. Smiley and C. West

Smiley and West have put together a manifesto in which they intend to “make the case for radical social transformation … and demonstrate how the elimination of poverty is possible” (p. 11). Social ...
Surgical revascularization after acute myocardial infarction. Does timing make a difference

At present no consensus exists regarding the timing of surgical revascularization after acute myocardial infarction. Patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction between January 1990 and April 1993 underwent early cardiac catheterization if they had postinfarction ischemia or positive results on a low-level exercise stress test. If indications for surgical intervention were found at the time of catheterization, patients were operated on within 1 or 2 days or were discharged and returned for the operation within 2 to 3 weeks. During this period, we performed 2175 isolated coronary artery bypass graft procedures; 23 patients were operated on within 24 hours of acute myocardial infarction with an operative mortality of 4.4 %, 30 patients underwent surgery between 24 and 72 hours after infarction with no deaths, 193 patients were operated on between 3 and 7 days after infarction with an operative mortality of 2.1%, 284 patients underwent revascularization between 1 week and 1 month after infarction with an operative mortality of 1.4%, and the 1645 patients without a recent infarction had a mortality rate of 1.9%. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to evaluate mortality with these independent variables: reoperative surgery, sex, age, diabetes, timing of infarction, location of infarction, and type (transmural versus subendocardial). Myocardial infarction at any time interval less than 1 month before the operation was not associated with mortality when adjusted by these other risk factors. In addition, no differences were noted in length of stay, stroke rate, or prevalence of renal failure or pulmonary insufficiency. We conclude that nonemergency surgical revascularization can be done safely at any time interval after acute myocardial infarction,, certainly after 72 hours, with no increase in operative mortality and acceptable morbidity.
Integrated Security Context Management of Web Components and Services in Federated Identity Environments

The problem of providing unified web security management in an environment with multiple autonomous security domains is considered. Security vendors provide separate security management solutions for cross-domain browser based and web service based interactions. This is partly due to the fact that different web standards dominate in each space. E.g. Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) which is an important standard in cross domain single sign on (SSO) specializes in browser based access while WS-* standards focus on security needs of web services. However, cross domain web services are often invoked in context of a secure browser session. Considering these interactions in isolation will lead to a fractured security solution. This paper proposes a solution that provides seamless transfer of security context across various types of cross-domain web interactions.
Isolation of the JMH antigen on a novel phosphatidylinositol-linked human membrane protein

JMH is a high-frequency human erythrocyte blood group antigen. Previous work has shown that JMH is absent from complement-sensitive erythrocytes of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH); such cells have a broad defect in expression of phosphatidylinositol (PI)-linked proteins. Using both human JMH antisera and a JMH-like murine monoclonal antibody, we have identified a 76-Kd membrane protein present in JMH-positive but not JMH-negative erythrocytes. A similar 76-Kd JMH protein was also identified on a human lymphoid T-cell line, HSB-2. Using PI-specific phospholipase C, a small amount of JMH antigen could be cleaved from intact erythrocytes and immunoprecipitated from the supernate of treated erythrocytes, thus confirming that the protein bearing the JMH antigen is anchored by a PI-linkage to the erythrocyte membrane. This protein was further shown not to be identical to decay accelerating factor (70 Kd), a previously identified PI-anchored protein of somewhat similar molecular weight.
The P22 bacteriophage DNA molecule. II. Circular intracellular forms.

Abstract A study has been made of intracellular P22 DNA under conditions that favor lysogeny. After infection with radioactively labeled phage, a large fraction of the linear parental DNA is converted into a fast-sedimenting form that exhibits the properties of a covalently closed circular duplex or superhelix. These properties include an elevated sedimentation rate in strand-separating solvents and the production of a slower-sedimenting circular molecule after treatment with pancreatic DNase. The closed circular molecules were purified on the basis of their ability to renature spontaneously following alkaline denaturation. The superhelical nature of this DNA was confirmed by subsequent examination in the electron microscope and the screw-sense of the tertiary turns was shown to be right-handed. A second, less abundant form of P22 DNA appeared to consist of two inter-locked superhelical molecules. The kinetics of the incorporation of [3H]thymidine reveal that DNA synthesis precedes the formation of superhelical DNA molecules; most of these molecules are formed after DNA synthesis ceases. Superhelical molecules seem to be efficiently formed from both parental and newly made DNA. The number of phage equivalents of newly synthesized, superhelical DNA was estimated as 10 to 20 per cell under the conditions used.
Crossing Tables and Queering Deification

To respond to the dominating force of religio-cultural salvation in the U.S., this article analyzes two disparate tables and the bodies associated with them: the Unsung Founders memorial at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Eucharistic table in the work of seventh century Christian monk Maximus the Confessor. Drawing on Sara Ahmed's methodological exploration of how tables orient bodies, I constructively "cross" the racial, gendered, and economically marginalized bodies represented by the monument and the body of Christ on the Eucharistic table. The product of this crossing queers Maximus's doctrine of deification, or union with God, which opens a site of resistance to contemporary notions of this specific privatized and personally responsible salvation. Further, this combination betrays Maximus's theological assumptions that only normative bodies have access to God.
Chemical synthesis of phosphorylated retinoids. Their mannosyl acceptor activity in rat liver membranes.

Phosphorylated retinoids were synthesized by a modification of the procedure that Popjak et al. (Popjak, G., Cornforth, J. W., Cornforth, R. H., Ryhage, R., and Goodman, D. S. (1962) J. Biol. Chem. 237, 56-61) used to synthesize farnesylpyrophosphate. The all-trans-beta-retinyl phosphate; all-trans-9-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,6,8-nonatetraene-1-yl phosphate; perhydromonoeneretinyl phosphate; all-trans-beta-retinoyl phosphate; 13-cis-beta-retinoyl phosphate derivatives were tested as acceptors of [14C]mannose from GDP-[14C]mannose in a reaction catalyzed by rat liver membranes. The phosphate esters all functioned as acceptors of mannose to give a product chromatographically indistinguishable from endogenous mannosylretinyl phosphate. The mixed anhydrides, however, did not function as mannosyl acceptors. Neither class of compounds had any effect on the biosynthesis of dolichylmannosyl phosphate. Rat liver membranes did not catalyze the transfer of [14C]galactose from UDP-[14C]galactose to retinyl phosphate even at a concentration of retinyl phosphate (0.73 mM) which stimulated formation o mannosylretinyl phosphate by more than 50-fold...
Microtubule Stability Decreases Axon Elongation but Not Axoplasm Production

Microtubules are a primary cytoskeletal constituent of axons and growth cones. In addition to serving as a scaffolding for axon assembly, they also provide a means of transport of organelles that are essential for outgrowth and maintenance of synaptic function. Pharmacological manipulations that disrupt net assembly of microtubules also interfere with growth cone advance and axon extension. Less is known after the effects of disrupting microtubule dynamics without affecting net assembly. To investigate this, we studied the effects of low doses of nocodazole on axon extension and microtubule organization in rat superior cervical ganglion neurons. We report that 165-330 nM nocodazole significantly reduces axon extension rate and increases axon diameter without affecting the rate of production of axoplasm or microtubule polymer, and without decreasing the average length or number of microtubules. Two observations suggested that microtubule dynamics were depressed by this dose of nocodazole. First, this treatment eliminated the highly divergent lengths and positions of microtubules characteristic of normal growth cones, inducing an array in which each microtubule terminated at roughly the same position in the proximal regions of the growth cone. Second, there was a decrease in the proportion of microtubule length containing mostly tyrosinated (newly assembled) alpha-tubulin and an increase in the proportion of microtubule length containing mostly acetylated (older, more stable) alpha-tubulin. Together, these data suggest that a decrease in dynamic instability of microtubules is sufficient to disrupt axon extension but does not interfere with axoplasm production.
Water Absorption Capacity of Flax and Pine Horse Beddings and Gaseous Concentrations in Bedded Stalls

Abstract It can be a challenge to find suitable horse bedding materials that provide higher moisture absorption, better animal comfort, greater fertilizer values, and improved indoor environment. Our first objective was to determine the water absorption capacity (WAC) of two bedding materials, flax shive (FS) and pine wood shavings (PWS), commonly used by equine facilities. The second objective was to measure ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), and greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations emitted from these bedded stall surfaces. In this study, the WAC of bedding materials were measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours in the laboratory. A total of eight horses were used for a 14-day study period. Of these, four horses (group-1) were bedded with FS and the other four (group-2) were bedded with PWS for week-1. In week-2, bedding materials were switched between the two groups. Ammonia and H 2 S were measured in situ. For GHG measurement, air samples (methane [CH 4 ], carbon dioxide [CO 2 ], and nitrous oxide [N 2 O]) were collected 152 mm above the bedded stall surface in Tedlar bags using a vacuum chamber and analyzed for GHG using a gas chromatograph. The WAC of FS was 56% greater than the PWS. There were no significant differences in NH 3 , H 2 S, CH 4 , CO 2 , and N 2 O concentrations between the two bedding materials ( P > .05). Nutrient contents between fresh and soiled bedded samples for each bedding type were different ( P P > .05).