cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An investigation of real-time dynamic data driven transportation simulation

Widespread deployment of sensors in roadways and vehicles is creating new challenges in effectively exploiting the wealth of real-time transportation system data. However, the precision of the real-time data varies depending on the level of data aggregation. For example, minute-by-minute data are more precise than hourly average data. This paper explores the ability to create an accurate estimate of the evolving state of transportation systems using real-time roadway data aggregated at various update intervals. It is found that simulation based on inflow data aggregated over a short time interval is capable of providing a superior representation of the real world over longer aggregate intervals. However, the perceived improvements are minimal under congested conditions and most pronounced under un-congested conditions. In addition, outflow constraints should be considered during congested flow periods, otherwise significant deviation from the real world performance may arise.
Improving the convergence rate of the conjugate gradient FFT method using subdomain basis functions

A technique to improve the convergence rate of the conjugate gradient-fast Fourier transform (CG-FFT) method is presented. The procedure involves the incorporation of subdomain basis functions associated with the current representation of linear and planar radiating elements. It is shown that significant improvements are achieved in the convergence of the CG-FFT when using sinusoidal basis functions. Numerical results are presented for thin cylindrical dipoles, conducting strips, and material plates of various sizes. In all cases, an increase in the rate of convergence by a factor of two or better was observed. >
On the generic polynomial of degree two algebras

Let fl be a finite dimensional algebra over a field .F of characteristic not 2 or 3. We say that 67 is powerassociative if for every element JI of C! we have that. F[ yl: the algebra of polynomials in y over ..F: is associative. This provides, in particular, a well-defined notion of nilpotency of elements. If powerassociativity is preserved under scalar extensions of CI wc say that C’i is strictly powerassociative [ 11. We assume C’I is commutative. An algebra Cl is said to be of degree 2 if the maximal set of pairwise orthogonal, nonzero idempotents in any scalar extension of L7 is of cardinality 2. If M has an identity element 1 and e is an idempotent then so also is i e. If e # 0, 1 then (e, 1 --. e} is a maxima! set of pairwise orthogonal, nonzero idempotents in an algebra of degree 2. Let U, ,.“., II,, be a basis of the vector space CZ over .Y and di ~ “.., 6,:. E [ )...) E, and ,u. i )...) ,uu, be algebraically independent elements over ~ 7. in some extension field of.9. Let .F’=.F(6 ,,..., d,;cr ,..., ~,~,,u~:...,~ti,~) and
Effect of the Sialylation State of α1-Acid Glycoprotein on Propranolol Binding

α1-Acid glycoprotein (AAG) exists in a variety of sialylated states which can be influenced by certain disease states. The purpose of the present study was to establish the effect of the sialylation state of AAG on the binding of a model cationic drug (propranolol). Extensive in vitro enzymatic desialylation of isolated human AAG was achieved utilizing neuraminidase bonded to agarose beads. Propranolol binding to native and desialylated AAG was determined by equilibrium dialysis. Desialylated AAG exhibited a modest increase in propranolol free fraction due to a decrease in the affinity constant (Ka) compared to untreated AAG (3.3 × 105 M−1 versus 4.0 × 105 M−1, respectively). A modest 15% increase was predicted for the free fraction of propranolol in serum containing desialylated AAG at therapeutic propranolol concentrations (<0.1 μg/ml). Therefore, the clinical significance of desialylated AAG appears to be minor with respect to propranolol binding.
Potassium flux and leaf movement in Samanea saman. II. Phytochrome controlled movement.

Phytochrome, a membrane-localized biliprotein whose conformation is shifted reversibly by brief red or far-red light treatments, interacts with the rhythmic oscillator to regulate leaflet movement and potassium flux in pulvinal motor cells of Samanea. Darkened pinnae exposed briefly to red light (high Pfr level) have less potassium in motor cells in the extensor region, more potassium in motor cells in the flexor region, and smaller angles than those exposed to far-red light (low Pfr level). Increase in temperature from 24° to 37° increases the differential effect of the light treatments during opening (the energetic phase) but not during closure, implying that phytochrome controls an energetic process. It seems likely that phytochrome interacts with rhythmically controlled potassium pumps in flexor and extensor cells. During nyctinastic closure of white-illuminated pinnae, exposure to far-red light before darkening results in larger angles than does exposure to red. As in rhythmic opening, the angles of all pinnae and the differential effect of the light treatments increases with increasing temperature.
DQN photoresist with tetrahydroxydiphenylmethane as ballasting group in PAC

A new photoactive compound (PAC) has been developed for a DQN (Diazonaphtho Quinone Novolak) resist system. The PAC is an esterification product of 1,2-naphthoquinone diazide-5-sulfonyl chloride and 2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydiphenylmethane (2344-THDM), which is a hydrogenation product of 2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (2344-THBP). The resist formulated from the cresol novolak and PAC exhibited fairly good light absorption and bleaching characteristics in the region of 300-45 nm. The resist performances such as resolution, photospeed, and exposure and defocus latitude in the g-line and i-line steppers are shown, respectively.
Arthritis of dislocation

Arthritis of dislocation is a unique form of degenerative joint disease involving the shoulder. It seems that a larger number of patients who develop arthritis of dislocation have had prior instability repairs. In studying large numbers of patients, several factors seem to recur. Careful, repeated examinations of both symptomatic and asymptomatic shoulders may uncover subtle subluxations; examination of other peripheral joints may reveal evidence of hyperlaxity and multidirectional instability. With understanding of the nature, direction, and extent of the instability patterns, more appropriate stabilization procedures may diminish the incidence of arthritis of dislocation. Today's techniques and the surgical management of instabilities obviate the need for hardware, which has been shown to have a significant impact on the occurrence of this arthritis. Surgeons should realize the potentials and risks of arthroscopic stabilization procedures, and only after satisfactory analysis should these procedures be done by orthopedic surgeons in general. Many new techniques for shoulder stabilization are now in the armementarium of the arthroscopist, but more time is needed to see if they will influence the development of arthritis of instability. When arthritis of dislocation does develop, shoulder arthroplasty is reasonable, despite the young age of patients. In the technique of joint replacement for this condition, specific surgical principles must be kept in mind. Preservation of deltoid function is paramount. Restoration of muscle length and tension relationships are critical for successful functional outcomes. Component positioning and orientation must account for the bone loss and alterations in soft tissue tension and quality. No shoulder replacement, no matter how well performed, will be successful without adequate physician-directed rehabilitation.
Paraneoplastic neuromuscular disorders-part 2.

Paraneoplastic disorders ace uncommon but clinically important complications of a large number of neoplasms. Most paraneoplastic syndromes are thought to have an autoimmune etiology, although the weight of evidence supporting autoimmunity vanes among syndromes. Prompt diagnosis of a paraneoplastic disorder can increase the likelihood of a favorable neurologic and oncologic outcome. This article reviews the; clinical features, autoimmune aspects, diagnostic approach, and treatment options for patients with paraneoplastic disorders affecting the spinal cord, motor neurons, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. Part 2 of this review, to be published in the next issue, will discuss the paraneoplastic neuropathies.
A Simplified Approach to Bridge Substructure Design

Strut-and-tie modeling is an analysis and design tool for reinforced concrete elements in which it may be assumed that internal stresses are transferred through a truss mechanism. The tensile ties and compressive struts serve as truss members connected by nodal zones. The internal truss idealized by the strut-and-tie model implicitly account for the distribution of both flexure and shear. In 1998, the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Specifications (1998) incorporated the strut-and-tie modeling procedure for the analysis and design of deep reinforced concrete members where sectional design approaches are not valid. In most instances, hammerhead piers can be defined as deep reinforced concrete members and therefore, should be designed using the strut-and-tie modeling approach. However, most bridge designers have not embraced the strut-and-tie model due to the unfamiliarity with the design procedure, the inability to check the truss model’s validity (without laboratory tests or a finite element model), and the time it takes to complete the strut-and-tie model analysis and design. Therefore, with the formulation of a well-defined strut-and-tie modeling procedure, practicing engineers will become more comfortable with the design method and employ the method more often and more consistently. This paper presents a uniform design procedure for employing strut-and-tie modeling for hammerhead piers that can be readily utilized by practicing engineers. Additionally, a comparison between the strut-and-tie method and standard sectional design practices will be performed for a typical hammerhead pier.
Disseminated aspergillosis presenting as a skin abscess

An immunocompromised patient presented with chronic low back pain as the initial symptom and a subcutaneous abscess as the initial sign of disseminated aspergillosis. With the rising incidence of immunocompromised patients, cutaneous manifestation of aspergillosis may become more common.
Photochemical processes induced by vibrational overtone excitations: dynamics simulations for cis-HONO, trans-HONO, HNO3, and HNO3-H2O.

Photochemical processes in HNO3, HNO3−H2O, and cis- and trans-HONO following overtone excitation of the OH stretching mode are studied by classical trajectory simulations. Initial conditions for the trajectories are sampled according to the initially prepared vibrational wave function. Semiempirical potential energy surfaces are used in “on-the-fly” simulations. Several tests indicate at least semiquantitative validity of the potential surfaces employed. A number of interesting new processes and intermediate species are found. The main results include the following: (1) In excitation of HNO3 to the fifth and sixth OH-stretch overtone, hopping of the H atom between the oxygen atoms is found to take place in nearly all trajectories, and can persist for many picoseconds. H-atom hopping events have a higher yield and a faster time scale than the photodissociation of HNO3 into OH and NO2. (2) A fraction of the trajectories for HNO3 show isomerization into HOONO, which in a few cases dissociates into HOO and N...
Complications of long-term steroid therapy for asthma.

Abstract Fifty asthmatic patients on long-term prednisone therapy were evaluated for complications associated with steroid administration. The incidence of these complications was compared with the incidence of similar complaints in an age- and sex-matched group of asthmatic patients not taking corticosteroids. Results indicate that there is an increase in weight gain, fluid retention, appetite, easy bruisability, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, epigastric complaints, and electrolyte disturbances in the steroid group. However, most of these complications were of a benign nature and were easily managed. There was no significant increase in documented peptic ulcer, tuberculosis, cataracts, or psychosis. Frequency of complications increased with the age of the patient and the dose of steroids but was not correlated with the duration of therapy.
Expectation values in the Aharonov-Bohm effect

It has been well established that, as predicted by Aharonov and Bohm, electron interference patterns can be shifted by the introduction of electromagnetic potentials, even if the electrons never enter the region in which the fields are nonzero. In this paper we prove that, even though the interference pattern shifts, none of the moments of the electron’s positionr, nor of its kinetic momentumπ, are affected. On the other hand, we prove that the expectation value of the operator sina·π (witha a certain fixed vector), which was first introduced by Aharonov, Pendleton and Peterson,does shift.
Thymus-derived lymphocytes in patients with solid malignancies.

Abstract A spontaneous lymphocyte rosette assay revealed subnormal peripheral blood levels of T cells in 94 patients with clinically operable solid malignancies when compared with 240 normal controls. Subnormal levels occurred in patients with melanomas, sarcomas, and squamous carcinomas, and even lower levels were found in patients with inoperable or recurrent malignancies. Forty-six patients clinically cured of adenocarcinomas, melanomas, and sarcomas had normal levels, but 79 patients cured of squamous carcinomas had subnormal levels. These findings in tumor-bearing and cured cancer patients, including the persisting defects in cured squamous cancer patients, parallel the findings with other assays and indicate that the spontaneous lymphocyte rosette assay is a clinically useful in vitro correlate of cell-mediated immunity in cancer patients.
Angular momentum decomposition of k = 0 Bloch functions in group IV and zincblende crystals

Abstract The angular momentum contents of k = 0 Bloch functions for a number of group IV and zincblende crystals are examined using a pseudopotential approach. The large amplitudes for d and f character functions found even for valence electron wave functions are related to the overlap of p and s symmetry states on different atoms. In zincblende crystals the strength of the d and f components increases around cations and decreases around anions for the valence bands. The f-like component is appreciable for the Γ1 conduction band particularly around a cation.
Two by Two Matrices with Both Eigenvalues in Z/pZ

1. Titu Andreescu and Kiran Kedlaya, Mathematical Contests 1995-1996: Olympiad Problems and Solutions, MAA, 1997. 2. Mircea Becheanu, Probleme din Olimpiade Matematice (Mathematics Olympiad Problems), GIL, 1995. 3. Andrei Jorza, Math Archive, Balkan Mathematical Olympiad, 1993, http://ajorza.tripod.com/mathfiles/balkan/ balkanl0.pdf. 4. Andrei Jorza, Math Archive, IMO Romanian Selection Tests, 2002, http://ajorza.tripod.com/mathfiles/ selection2002.pdf. 5. Andrei Jorza, Math Archive, IMO Shortlist, 1991, http://ajorza.tripod.com/mathfiles/imol991.pdf. 6. Andrei Jorza, Math Archive, IMO Shortlist, 1997, http://ajorza.tripod.com/mathfiles/imol997.pdf. 7. Mihai Manea, Regandind o Problema de la OIM 2000 (Rethinking a problem proposed for IMO 2000), Revista Matem?tica din Timisoara, No. 2/2001. 8. Laurentiu Panaitopol, IMO Training Problems, Gazeta Matem?tica., No. 1/2000.
Mothers' perspectives on qualities of care in their relationships with health care professionals: the influence of relational and communicative competencies.

ABSTRACT Research suggests that parents of seriously ill children place significant value on the relational context of their children's health care. This psychological phenomenological study explored mothers' perspectives on qualities that they found to be either helpful or unhelpful to their experiences of caregiving. Relational and communicative competencies were identified as most influential in mothers' assessments of provider care. Practitioners experienced in end-of-life care were viewed as highly supportive by the mothers in the study. Training for professionals in principles of palliative and end-of-life care is recommended for those who work with these children and families.
Endocrine therapy for breast cancer

Abstract An understanding of the mechanism of action, pharmacology and clinical indications for various classes of endocrine agent is critical for the management of breast cancer. Three major classes of therapeutic intervention are classically considered: agents that directly target estrogen receptor through molecules that bind ER and alter ER function; estrogen deprivation through aromatase inhibition or ovarian ablation or suppression; and sex steroid therapies, including estrogen, progestins and androgens. In both the advanced disease and the adjuvant setting these differing mechanisms of action allow these approaches to be used in sequence, recapturing tumor control with each class switch. In addition the side effects of each approach are very distinct, with very important consequences for women's health when considering long-term adjuvant therapy. In this review we have attempted to accurately summarize the latest information on these approaches, with an emphasis on evidence-based approaches to management.
Ambulatory continuous posterior lumbar plexus blocks following hip arthroscopy: a review of 213 cases

Abstract Study Objective To evaluate complications associated with ambulatory continuous lumbar plexus blocks. Design Retrospective review of all patients who received a continuous lumbar plexus block for analgesia following arthroscopic hip surgery from January 2004 to July 2009. Setting Academic medical center. Measurements Data from 213 patients who were discharged home with a continuous lumbar plexus block following hip arthroscopy were studied. Side effects and complications, including impaired ambulation, systemic local anesthetic toxicity, abnormal local anesthetic spread, and neurologic injury, were recorded. Main Results Of the 281 patients who received a continuous lumbar plexus block following hip arthroscopy, 213 were discharged home with the continuous lumbar plexus block. Significant complications occurred in 3.8% of patients (8/213). Twenty of 213 patients (9.4%) reported prolonged sensory or motor deficits after the continuous lumbar plexus block was removed. Most of these deficits were minor and resolved spontaneously, but 4 patients (1.9%) experienced persistent neurologic symptoms. One patient had a fall, one patient was readmitted for possible bilateral spread from the continuous lumbar plexus block, and two patients experienced symptoms of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). Conclusions While complications associated with hip arthroscopy with ambulatory continuous lumbar plexus blocks do occur, significant complications are uncommon. Most complications are managed easily on an outpatient basis. However, nearly 1% of patients presented with symptoms concerning for LAST and were treated without any hemodynamic compromise.
Epithelioid sarcoma: one institution's experience with a rare sarcoma

Background Epithelioid sarcomas (ES) are extremely rare soft tissue sarcomas. As such, their clinical behavior and response to treatment are poorly described in the literature.
On measuring the horizontal electric field just above the Earth's surface

An analysis is given for the open-circuit voltage in a linear wire antenna located above a flat ground, with homogeneous electrical properties, for a distant vertically polarized source. The receiving wire antenna is allowed to be tilted at a fixed angle relative to the ground surface. In one case, the ends of the antenna are terminated in ground stakes while, in another ease, the antenna is unterminated. It is shown that the staked antenna is less influenced by the asymmetry. >
A Note on the Historical Development of the Economic Law of Market Areas

I. Introduction, 563. — II. The determination of market areas for competing firms, 565. — III. The determination of market areas for competing modes of transport, 567. — IV. Conclusion, 569. — Mathematical appendix, 570.
Whose Faith? What Feeling? Whose Identity?

Faith, feeling and identity look to be essential ingredients in personal growth, but what do they mean ‘on the ground’? Drawing on the results of a survey of teachers and school chaplains, and on her own experiences as a student, teacher and chaplain in Catholic education, Maureen Glackin explores some of the questions which face schools seeking to promote spiritual development and personal identity. Contrasting a model which emphasizes received doctrine and traditional authority with one which sees the spiritual journey as an open-ended, shared encounter, she argues that teachers must be spiritually aware and open to possibilities for their own spiritual growth if they are to be able to help their students develop in these ways.
Estimating Causal Effects Using School-Level Data Sets

Education researchers, practitioners, and policymakers alike are committed to identifying interventions that teach students more effectively. Increased emphasis on evaluation and accountability has increased desire for sound evaluations of these interventions; and at the same time, school-level data have become increasingly available. This article shows researchers how to bridge these two trends through careful use of school-level data to estimate the effectiveness of particular interventions. The author provides an overview of common methods for estimating causal effects with school-level data, including randomized experiments, regression analysis, pre–post studies, and nonexperimental comparison group designs. She stresses the importance of careful design of nonexperimental studies, particularly the need to compare units that were similar before treatment assignment. She gives examples of analyses that use school-level data and concludes with advice for researchers.
An e-Learning Intervention to Enhance Medical Student’s Competence in Oxygen Delivery Methods

Purpose Student performance in a comprehensive clinical simulation exercise at the end of the 3rd year had demonstrated some deficiencies in oxygen delivery methods. A tutorial exercise was developed to remedy this issue. This study assessed if an e-learning intervention improved the student’s competence in oxygen delivery methods during the comprehensive clinical simulation lab.
An improved method for rapid generation of unmarked Pseudomonas aeruginosa deletion mutants

Background Traditional gene replacement procedures are still time-consuming. They usually necessitate cloning of the gene to be mutated, insertional inactivation of the gene with an antibiotic resistance cassette and exchange of the plasmid-borne mutant allele with the bacterial chromosome. PCR and recombinational technologies can be exploited to substantially accelerate virtually all steps involved in the gene replacement process.
Portfolio Substitutability, Regulations, and Monetary Policy

I. Introduction, 197. — II. Substitutability: theoretical arguments, 198. — III. Empirical tests: general approach, 200. — IV. Conclusions regarding regulations and monetary policy, 213. — Appendix, 213.
Into the Big League: Conventions, Football, and the Color Line in New Orleans

This article examines the relationship between the struggle for African American civil rights and efforts to expand tourism, conventions, and spectator sports in New Orleans, Louisiana, between 1954 and 1969. Drawing on previously neglected archival sources and personal interviews, it considers how the pressure to maintain New Orleans's progressive image as an urbane tourist destination required abandoning Jim Crow customs and embracing the growing national commitment to racial progress. It argues that an unlikely coalition of civil rights activists, tourism interests, municipal officials, and a small segment of New Orleans's old-line social establishment adopted a tourism-related rhetoric to counter the city's dominant discourses of racist resistance to change. By the late 1960s, New Orleans's white leaders agreed that they could no longer countenance overt racial discrimination if New Orleans was to maintain a favorable tourist image.
Health Status of Incarcerated Adolescents: Implications for Juvenile Justice Decision Making

Adolescents arriving in detention often bring with them significant medical, dental, and psychological problems. These issues have important implications for courts that must decide the best disposition for offending youths. Appropriate treatment benefits the individual by enhancing his/her wellbeing and improving his/her chances of successful rehabilitation. Society also benefits by avoiding the higher cost of caring for neglected conditions later in life. A comprehensive health care program for detention facilities involves establishing standardized procedures that address both common adolescent problems plus those more peculiar to detainees. Health care professionals working in a correctional setting have unique duties such as clearing youths for boot camp, monitoring injuries, dealing with resistant patients, monitoring for safe activities, and planning aftercare for youths who may face impediments to accessing care such as poor motivation and poverty. Research concerning issues specific to the needs of incarcerated youths remains infrequent and should be undertaken by health care providers. This article provides an overview of medical issues confronting juvenile offenders that should be considered when a juvenile becomes involved in the juvenile justice system.
Classifying Factored Genres with Part-of-Speech Histograms

This work addresses the problem of genre classification of text and speech transcripts, with the goal of handling genres not seen in training. Two frameworks employing different statistics on word/POS histograms with a PCA transform are examined: a single model for each genre and a factored representation of genre. The impact of the two frameworks on the classification of training-matched and new genres is discussed. Results show that the factored models allow for a finer-grained representation of genre and can more accurately characterize genres not seen in training.
Competing Theories of Binocular Rivalry: A Possible Resolution

The neural basis of binocular rivalry has beenthe subject of vigorous debate. Do discrepantmonocular patterns rival for awareness becauseof neural competition among patternrepresentations or monocular channels? In thisarticle, I briefly review psychophysical andneurophysiological evidence pertaining to boththeories and discuss important new neuroimagingdata which reveal that rivalry is fullyresolved in monocular visual cortex. These newfindings strongly suggest that interocularcompetition mediates binocular rivalry and thatV1 plays an important role in the selection ofconscious visual information. They furthersuggest that rivalry is not a unitaryphenomenon. Interocular competition may fullyaccount for binocular rivalry whereas aseparate mechanism involving patterncompetition likely accounts for monocular andstimulus rivalry.
2—Sector interference channel communication for sum rates and minimum rate maximization

This paper applies recent advances in communicating over the interference channel while treating the interference as noise. Two maximization utilities are considered: maximizing the sum rates and maximizing the minimum rate. The channel model is based on a 2—sector interference channel within a single cell. The utilities maximization is presented from the perspective of the interference channel's achievable rates region. Maximizing the minimum rate parts from the traditional problem formulation of casting it as a pure power control problem. Instead, the problem is presented as maximization over the convex hull of the rates region, therefore employing both power control and time-sharing strategies. For maximizing the minimum rate, it is shown that optimal communication over a 2—sector channel is not homogenous, and an interplay of different time-sharing types and/or power control is required to achieve optimality. Systems results are presented together with the gains achieved by using the proposed techniques over the traditional paradigms used in communicating over the 2—sector channel. Finally, insights and the contextualization of the aforementioned techniques within an information theoretic perspective are discussed.
Effective suppression of Dengue virus using a novel group-I intron that induces apoptotic cell death upon infection through conditional expression of the Bax C-terminal domain

Introduction Approximately 100 million confirmed infections and 20,000 deaths are caused by Dengue virus (DENV) outbreaks annually. Global warming and rapid dispersal have resulted in DENV epidemics in formally non-endemic regions. Currently no consistently effective preventive measures for DENV exist, prompting development of transgenic and paratransgenic vector control approaches. Production of transgenic mosquitoes refractory for virus infection and/or transmission is contingent upon defining antiviral genes that have low probability for allowing escape mutations, and are equally effective against multiple serotypes. Previously we demonstrated the effectiveness of an anti-viral group I intron targeting U143 of the DENV genome in mediating trans-splicing and expression of a marker gene with the capsid coding domain. In this report we examine the effectiveness of coupling expression of ΔN Bax to trans-splicing U143 intron activity as a means of suppressing DENV infection of mosquito cells.
The National Cancer Institute-American Society of Clinical Oncology Cancer Trial Accrual Symposium: Summary and recommendations

In 2010, the National Cancer Institute and the American Society of Clinical Oncology cosponsored a symposium to examine the state of clinical trial accrual science and identify opportunities to facilitate trial enrollment. The authors provide recommendations for best practices and for future research developed from the symposium.
Understanding the Mechanism of Late Sorafenib Failure in Metastatic Thyroid Cancer

Results – pAkt Conclusions Thyroid cancer: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm, accounting for approximately 2.5% of all new noncutaneous malignancies. Approximately 90% of thyroid cancers are well differentiated, with most of these having favorable prognosis. A subset of patients have aggressive malignancies refractory to surgical and iodine therapy; in these patients clinical trials are underway evaluating targeted molecular therapy. Sorafenib: Sorafenib specifically inhibits the serine/threonine kinases RAF-1 and BRAF, the tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFRβ, Flt-3, KIT, in addition to RET kinase activity. Sorafenib has been shown to abrogate tumor progression in renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Our group has previously shown clinical response with sorafenib in unresectable thyroid cancer, although there were no patients with complete oncologic response. As part of an ongoing study, we used immunohistochemistry to investigate the mechanisms of sorafenib resistance in a patient with unresectable, tall cell variant of papillary thyroid cancer.
On the Boundaries of randomization for throughput-optimal scheduling in switches

Numerous Queue-Length-Based (QLB) schedulers, both deterministic and randomized, can achieve the maximum possible throughput region of wireless networks. While randomization is useful in allowing flexibilities in the design and implementation of the schedulers, it may lead to throughput loss if it is not within limits. In this work, we focus on the N×N input-queued switch topology to identify the boundaries of randomization in QLB scheduling for achieving throughput-optimality. To that end, we introduce a class of randomized QLB schedulers that are characterized by a wide range of functions. Then, we identify necessary and sufficient conditions on the number of switch ports N and the class of functions that can guarantee throughput-optimality of these randomized schedulers.We show that while our randomized QLB schedulers are throughput-optimal when N = 2, they cease to be so when N ≥ 3 for a large set of functional forms. For N ≥ 3, we further characterize an achievable rate region described via l 2 and l ∞ norms in an N2 dimensional space that extends the existing achievable rate region descriptions. For N = 2, we also study the delay performance of various throughput-optimal randomized QLB schedulers through simulations. This preliminary work reveals the sensitivity of throughput-optimal scheduling to the topological characteristics of the network and the functional characteristics of the randomization.
Social Capital Impact On Service Supply Chains

Purpose This study explores the impact of social capital on service firm supply chains. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical underpinnings of social capital is reviewed from various disciplines, including sociology, management, and operations management. This is used to develop a conceptual model of the use of social capital in a service supply chain setting. Findings - Social capital is proposed to improve the operational performance of service firms as a source of both physical and information resources. The impact of social capital is projected to vary by firm size and service type. Small firms have limited resources and thus a need for resources obtained through social capital. Service firms that have high customization and customer contact are subject to process variations which can be mitigated by social capital. A conceptual model is presented to test several propositions related to social capital. Originality/value The impact of social capital has not been widely studied in an operational setting. This is the first known study to specifically analyze the impact of social capital in service supply chains.
Investigation into the Role of Different Substrate Ni Compositions and Plating Methods on Die Attach Reliability

Nickel is a commonly used diffusion barrier for direct bond copper (DBC) substrates used in high temperature, high power applications. The Ni can be deposited by electroless or electrolytic plating and may be pure Ni, Ni:P, Ni:B or Ni:Co. The reactivity of these different Ni layers with AuGe and BiAgX® solder is explored. Specifically the reaction to form Ni-Ge intermetallics and NiBi3 during high temperature storage and the impact on die shear strength and failure mode are discussed.
Application of similarity-weighted stacking to post-stack quality factor estimation

The estimation of quality factor, Q, can affect several stages in the whole hydrocarbon exploration process including seismic imaging, interpretation, and reservoir characterization. The most widely used approach for estimating Q is the spectral ratio method (SRM). However, the spectral division in SRMmay not be stable due to the spectral nulls. The shaping regularized inversion that treats the spectral division as a regularized least-squares inversion problem can help solve the spectralnulls problem and make the spectral division stable. In the case of very noisy seismic data, the time-frequency maps can not be optimally obtained and thus the Q estimation performance will be strongly affected even with regularized inversion. I propose a post-stack Q estimation approach that applies the regularized spectral ratio method (RSRM) on the stacked trace using a similarity-weighted stacking technique. Both synthetic and field data examples show that the pre-stack data is not reliable for estimating Q while the stacked data using similarityweighted stacking can obtain a reasonable result.
Celecoxib-induced growth inhibiton in SW480 colon cancer cells is associated with activation of protein kinase G

C255 Although it is often assumed that the antitumor effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are due to inhibition of cyclooxgenase (COX) activity, specifically COX-2, there is accumulating evidence that COX-2 independent mechanisms can also play an important role. Studies with sulindac sulfone (Aptosyn) and related derivatives have revealed a novel pathway of tumor growth inhibition and apoptosis mediated by activation of the guanosine 39,59 monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent enzyme protein kinase G (PKG). The present study indicates that concentrations of the NSAIDS celecoxib, indomethacin and meclofenamic acid that inhibit growth of SW480 human colon cancer cells inhibit subcellular cGMP- phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymatic activity and in intact cells induce a 2-3 fold increase in intracellular levels of cGMP. This is associated with phosphorylation of the protein VASP, a marker of PKG activation, activation of JNK1 and a decrease in cellular levels of cyclin D1; effects seen with other agents that cause activation of PKG in these cells. On the other hand even a high concentration of the COX-2 specific inhibitor rofecoxib (500 μM) did not inhibit growth of SW480 cells. Nor did rofecoxib inhibit cGMP-PDE activity or cause other changes related to PKG activation in these cells. Since activation of the PKG pathways by celecoxib, indomethacin and meclofenamic acid in this cell culture system required high concentrations of these compounds, it remains to be determined whether activation of this pathway contributes to the in vivo antitumor effects of specific NSAIDS.
Improving the Convergence Rate of Full Wavefield Inversion Using Spectral Shaping

The number of iterations required for convergence of Full Wavefield Inversion (FWI) can often be dramatically reduced by appropriately shaping the spectrum of the seismic data and the source wavelet. This shaping is designed such that the inversion generates subsurface models having a desired frequency spectrum, representative of the subsurface. This subsurface spectrum can be estimated by averaging the spectra of log curves (e.g., impedance) recorded in local wells. The spectral shaping method is particularly effective when the wavefield is dominated by primary reflections. In addition to speeding up convergence, spectral shaping preferentially increases the weight of the lower-frequency part of the spectrum, stabilizing the inversion in the presence of local minima. It can thus be used to bypass the need for the commonly-used multi-scale approach.
The Brazilian Negro

An adequate comprehension of Brazilian institutions, history, economics, and other aspects of national life could be but with great difficulty acquired without a consideration of the role played by the Negro in the development of the Brazilian nation. His influence has been far-reaching, encompassing the major social institutions; and his impress is to be found in virtually every phase of the culture. Although originating from a wide diversity of African nations with distinctive cultural backgrounds, he has received as well as given culturally, and is distinctively Brazilian. In this paper the Negro in Brazil will be discussed from three different points of view: the demographic; the historical; and the social.
Putting Policy Into Practice Examining School Districts’ Implementation of Teen Dating Violence Legislation

Texas was the first state to pass a law requiring school districts to develop and adopt a dating violence policy. However, very little attention has been paid to whether and how school districts implemented the policy. The current study examines the implementation efforts of a sample of Texas school districts to gain insight as to how the policy has been carried out. Content analysis was used to examine district handbooks, codes of conduct, and websites. Our findings indicate that a majority of the districts included in the study have developed and adopted the basic parts of the policy (the definition and a general set of consequences) while neglecting to implement specific parts of the policy beneficial to victims. Based on our findings we concluded that as districts move forward in implementing the dating violence policy, emphasis must be placed on providing services to victims and increasing awareness.
An Evaluation Framework for Nanotransfer Printing-Based Feature-Level Heterogeneous Integration in VLSI Circuits

We develop an evaluation framework to assess the potential benefits of feature-level heterogeneous integration (HGI) in nanoscale VLSI circuits. We study, for the first time, the impact of HGI on circuit delay, layout area, and power by comparing the integration of 15-nm InGaAs and Ge FinFETs via nanotransfer printing with the baseline Si-only FinFET technology. To properly account for the performance, power, and area tradeoffs, we perform comprehensive evaluations, including synthesis, placement, and routing of digital circuit benchmarks. We show the circuits designed with an HGI exhibit lower delay and power due to improved device performance at the cost of larger area induced by misalignment errors. We also demonstrate that the HGI misalignment area penalties can be drastically reduced using posttransfer fin trimming. Our findings provide substantial motivation for industry to explore HGI as a technology route for the post-Si era.
Prediction on peak vibration acceleration value of mediumdeep-hole blasting using genetic BP network

To accurately predict the peak vibration acceleration value of blasting and ensure the blasting security,genetic BP algorithm was proposed.This algorithm was superior to the empirical formula method which considered fewer factors,and the BP algorithm with slow convergeve,local minimum and high computation complexity.Based on the test data in Tianwan Nuclear Power Station,a relevant forecasting model with the maximal charge,horizontal distance,total charge,height difference,blasting bench height and scale as its input elements,was established to predict the peak vibration acceleration value.The prediction accuracy achieves 96.97%,which verifies its feasibility and validity.
The estimation of clinical significance about concentration serum of carbamazepine in children

Objective:To analyze the relations of carbamazepine concentration in serum with dosage, age, effect in epileptic children. Methods:With the measurement of serum carbamazepine concentrations in 1547 children cases/times by using fluorescence polarization immunoassay and data of drug administration being put into data base, the assistant analysis with SPSS 10.0 was applied to all of them. Results: There was a certain difference in serum carbamazepine concentration with dosage of various age groups, the individual difference in the disposition of carbamazepine within an individual patient was obvious. Conclusions: Therapeutic drug monitoring was helpful for individualization of drug therapy, differential diagnosis and comprehension of patients’ compliance with the prescribed drug regimen and gave a more rational basis for optimizing drug therapy.It was not necessary to controll suboptimal serum concentration of drug in antiepileptic therapentic.
Realization of De-icing Device Based on 12-pulse Rectification for 500kV Transmission Line

Because of the multi-splitting of the 500kV lines,conventional AC de-icing techniques can not provide enough current for de-icing.For the deicing of 500kV transmission lines,we presented a high-voltage and highcurrent DC de-icing method based on 12-pulse rectification by multilevel voltage regulation.Moreover,a combinable DC output voltage method was used according to the variety of transmission line length.Mathematical theory analysis and the system simulation indicated that the method could fulfill de-icing demands of different lengths of 500 kV line.According to the parameters of 500kV lines of a transformer substation in Hunan,a high-power DC deicing device based on the proposed method for de-icing 15～50km of 500kV line was developed and tested in-field on 500kV transmission lines.The test results show that the test waveforms are in accordance with the simulation waveforms,validating that the model simulation and theory analysis are correct;the conductor temperature obviously rises from 31.3°C to 42.9°C,and the operation of DC de-icing device is normal.Thus the presented method and device can provide high current for ice melting of 500kV multi-splitting lines which have obvious a thermal effect of current,and provide a solution for icing UHV lines.
What to Look for in Psychodynamic Inquiry

This chapter aims to help the reader to understand how the psychological processes of empathy and mentalization are actually applied in psychodynamic inquiry. By setting forth a protocol, that is, a specified set of procedures, we can clarify the interpretive process for those skeptical of the enterprise. We can also create a frame of reference for the researcher. What I propose here will be incomplete but others can revise and improve it.
The influence of soy oligosaccharides on apparent and true ileal amino acid digestibilities and fecal consistency in growing pigs.

Fourteen ileally cannulated pigs (BW = 35 +/- 2 kg) were randomly allotted to a replicated 7 x 7 Latin square design experiment to evaluate the influence of the soybean oligosaccharides (OS), raffinose and stachyose, on ileal nutrient digestibility and fecal consistency. Semipurified diets containing soy protein concentrate (SPC) or soybean meal (SBM) as the sole protein sources were fed. Soy solubles (SS), a by-product of SBM processing containing 3.5% raffinose and 11.5% stachyose, were used to increase dietary raffinose and stachyose concentrations. The seven dietary treatments were SPC, SPC + 9% SS, SBM, SBM + 9% SS, SBM + 18% SS, SBM + 24,000 U alpha-galactosidase enzyme preparation/kg diet, and a low-protein casein (LPC) diet used to calculate true digestibility. Diets, with the exception of the LPC diet, were formulated to contain 17% CP. All diets contained 0.5% chromic oxide as a marker for ileal digestibility determination. The experimental periods were divided into a 5-d diet adaptation followed by 2-d of ileal digesta collection. Diets and digesta were analyzed for DM, N, Cr, amino acids (AA), raffinose, and stachyose. Fecal consistency was determined on d 6 and 7 of each experimental period. The apparent and true ileal AA digestibilities were not different (P 0.05) between the SBM control and SBM + 9% SS diets with the exception of Glu. There was a linear decrease (P 0.58) by treatment. Fecal consistency likewise was not affected (P > 0.36) by dietary treatment. In conclusion, soy OS reduced nutrient digestibilities, but the reductions were small, ranging from approximately 1.1 to 7.4 percentage units. This suggests that other factors may be negatively impacting SBM digestibility.
Response to "The Availability of Conscious Knowledge: A Comment on Lindseth (2016)".

My study (Lindseth, The Effects of Form-Focused Instruction on the Acquisition of Subject-Verb Inversion in German) that was published in the Volume 49, No. 1 issue of Foreign Language Annals suggested that form-focused instruction that targets a specific structure may help learners progress faster toward accurate use of this structure in spontaneous speech, i.e., a situation that does not appear to allow monitoring or consciously applying rules. In his letter to the editor in this issue, Dr. Krashen questioned whether participants were, indeed, using language in a spontaneous way. He framed his concerns in terms of his 1982 hypothesis, which states that second language performers can access and apply conscious knowledge when all three of the following conditions are met: (1) speakers consciously know the rule, (2) they are thinking about correctness, and (3) they have time to apply the rule. I do not agree that all three conditions were met in my study