cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Methods for Representing and Aggregating Uncertainties involving Sparsely Sampled Random Variables ? More Results.

This paper discusses the treatment of uncertainties corresponding to relatively few samples of random-variable quantities. The importance of this topic extends beyond experimental data uncertainty to situations involving uncertainty in model calibration, validation, and prediction. With very sparse samples it is not practical to have a goal of accurately estimating the underlying variability distribution (probability density function, PDF). Rather, a pragmatic goal is that the uncertainty representation should be conservative so as to bound a desired percentage of the actual PDF, say 95% included probability, with reasonable reliability. A second, opposing objective is that the representation not be overly conservative; that it minimally over-estimate the random-variable range corresponding to the desired percentage of the actual PDF. The presence of the two opposing objectives makes the sparse-data uncertainty representation problem an interesting and difficult one. In this paper the performance of five uncertainty representation techniques is characterized on twenty-one test problems (over thousands of trials for each problem) according to these two opposing objectives and other performance measures. Two of the methods exhibit significantly better overall performance than the others according to the objectives and performance measures emphasized.
Structural modeling for digitally controlled large orbiting platforms with colocated actuators and sensors

Abstract The modal frequencies and shape functions for a thin square orbiting free-free platform are calculated in this paper. The platform is assumed to be a composite graphite/epoxy—homogeneous and laminate type—material. The mathematical modeling of the system is comprised of matrices that are heavily populated and dependent on these modal values. Application of the integrated linear quadratic Gaussian/loop transfer recovery technique in a stochastic, discretized environment provides digital shape and attitude control for this platform structure.
Relationships among child abuse, date abuse, and psychological problems

Data on child abuse, date abuse and psychological problems were gathered from the same participants, 133 female undergraduates, in order to better examine possible relationships among the variables. Verbal abuse in childhood or on dates was examined as well as physical and sexual abuse. Factors influencing whether people remain in or leave abusive relationships were examined, along with possible mediators of the relationships between child abuse, date abuse, and psychological problems. Verbal, physical, and sexual child abuse were all associated with an increased risk of later date abuse or psychological problems. Abuse by a date was also associated with psychological problems. Low self-esteem and anger may have played mediating roles.
Solvent extraction of aflatoxins from contaminated agricultural products

Solvent extraction of agricultural products has been suggested as an effective means of removing aflatoxins from mold-damaged commodities. The use of various polar solvents such as the azeotrope of acetone-hexane-water and of 2-propanol-water, aqueous acetone, and aqueous ethanol has been reported in the literature. This paper examines the overall aspects of solvent extraction, in particular the use of the azeotrope of 2-propanol-water, to remove aflatoxins from prepress solvent extracted cottonseed meal.
Feeling the archives: Domestic queer space and the vitality affects

Abstract This essay is concerned with the archived correspondence between two gay men, Jack Strouss and Bill Wilson, in Atlanta, Georgia (southeastern U.S.) in the 1950s. Its focus is mostly on one letter that describes a social triad in a domestic space and the author’s enthusiasm about it. The attunement of vitality affects creates a sense of belonging for Bill, and this particular domestic space enables a present moment of queer intersubjectivity. Archival practices are informed by such moments, and, in fact, practice might aim at affect attunement across spheres of human activity. If the past holds untapped potential for the present, our practices might seek to dwell on some of these past moments. This is the work of the everyday, low-level affects, and weak theory.
Dynamic Vulcanization of Thermoplastic Copolyester Elastomer/Nitrile Rubber Alloys I. Various Mixing Methods

New thermoplastic elastomers, copolyester (CPET)/nitrile rubber (NBR) alloys, were developed by using various dynamic vulcanization tech niques, such as internal mixing, open mill mixing, and twin screw extrusion, or their combinations. The effects of the various manufacturing techniques on rheological and mechanical properties were compared. The study showed that the dynamic vulcanization method by a twin screw extruder is most suitable for the manufacture of CPET/NBR elastomeric alloys.
Abused Conservative Christian Wives: Treatment Considerations for Practitioners

Through narrative, the authors explore the faith-based challenges of a physically and emotionally abused Conservative Christian wife to illustrate her ideological assessment of agency in a violent marriage and her concerns about the religious consequences of escape. To offset religious teachings that obstruct the safety and self-assertion of abused Conservative Christian wives, the authors offer practitioners practical, idiomatic recommendations through which clients can reassess the limitations of common religious schemas, including conceptions of wifely submission, marital permanence, infinite forgiveness, and pious suffering. The religious community's responses to abused wives, particularly those of the clergy, are also discussed.
The Influence of Preretirement Planning and Transferability of Skills on Naval Officers' Retirement Satisfaction and Adjustment

Although there is a plethora of research regarding civilian retirees' satisfaction and adjustment, there has been very little systematic research on the same issues for military retirees. Therefore...
Tracking nutrient changes for trends analysis in the United States

Abstract Knowledge of food and nutrient consumption patterns over time is important to various types of research related to the health and well-being of the population. To ensure that food consumption trend analyses are meaningful, food databases must be updated frequently to incorporate the latest information. Systems should also be in place to categorize and track the types of changes that occur as food databases are updated. The Food Surveys Research Group at USDA has implemented a Survey Nutrient Database for Trends Analysis for use with food consumption surveys in the United States. Within this system, items may be added, or existing items may be revised. “Data Improvements”, such as new nutrient values representing improved analytical methods, replace existing values and may be applied retroactively to previous nutrient analyses. Revisions classified as actual “Food Changes” are inserted into the database, with older values remaining to represent the food items as they previously existed. Dates accompany each database value to indicate the time period for which it is valid. Since 1985, over 30 000 revisions have been made to the database nutrient values. Package sizes, portion weights, food names, and recipes used for nutrient calculations are also tracked within the system.
An enhanced representation of time series which allows fast and accurate classification, clustering and relevance feedback

We introduce an extended representation of time series that allows fast, accurate classification and clustering in addition to the ability to explore time series data in a relevance feedback framework. The representation consists of piece-wise linear segments to represent shape and a weight vector that contains the relative importance of each individual linear segment. In the classification context, the weights are learned automatically as part of the training cycle. In the relevance feedback context, the weights are determined by an interactive and iterative process in which users rate various choices presented to them. Our representation allows a user to define a variety of similarity measures that can be tailored to specific domains. We demonstrate our approach on space telemetry, medical and synthetic data.
PH207x: Health in Numbers and PH278x: Human Health and Global Environmental Change: 2012-2013 Course Report

In the 2012-2013 academic year, the first two Harvard School of Public Health courses were offered through HarvardX on the edX platform: PH207x: Health in Numbers and PH278x: Human Health and Global Environmental Change. They were taught by Professors Earl Francis Cook and Marcello Pagano, and Aaron Bernstein and Jack Spengler, respectively. This report describes the structure of these two courses, the demographic characteristics of registrants, and the activity of students. This report was prepared by researchers external to the course teams and is based on examination of the courseware, analyses of the data collected by the edX platform, and interviews and consultations with the course faculty and team members.
Aerial Pose Detection of 3-D Objects Using Hemispherical Harmonics

In this paper, we consider pose estimation of 3-D objects from an aerial perspective using eigendecomposition. We first outline a sampling method to acquire images of the object from an aerial view by sampling the upper unit hemisphere. Using this hemispherical sampling pattern, the computational burden of computing the eigendecomposition can be reduced by using the Hemispherical Harmonic Transform (HSHT) to "condense" information due to the hemispherical correlation. We then propose a computationally efficient algorithm for approximating the eigendecomposition based on the HSHT analysis.
Auditory signal processing as a basis for speaker recognition

We exploit models of auditory signal processing at different levels along the auditory pathway for use in speaker recognition. A low-level nonlinear model, at the cochlea, provides accentuated signal dynamics, while a high-level model, at the inferior colliculus, provides frequency analysis of modulation components that reveals an additional temporal structure. A variety of features are derived from the low-level dynamic and high-level modulation signals. Fusion of likelihood scores from feature sets at different auditory levels with scores from standard Mel-cepstral features provides an encouraging speaker recognition performance gain over use of the Mel-cepstrum alone with corpora from land-line and cellular telephone communications.
Estimation of VDL mode 2 with hidden transmitters

The VDL Mode 2 aeronautical data link uses a p-persistent Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) channel access protocol that, like all CSMA systems, is susceptible to the hidden transmitter condition. Simulations have shown that the impact of hidden transmitters in the aeronautical environment can be significant. In this paper, a method of estimating channel performance with hidden transmitters is derived on a radio by radio basis. This method proves to be faster than the VDL Mode 2 simulations, allowing scenarios to be evaluated quickly. The process is applied to a large dynamic data set that demonstrates the usefulness of this approach.
An exercise in formal reasoning about mobile communications

With recent advances in wireless communication and the ubiquity of laptops, mobile computing has become an important research area. An essential problem in mobile computing is the delivery of a message from a source (stationary or mobile) to a desired mobile unit. Standard solutions used in Mobile IP and cellular phones rely on tracking the mobile unit. Tracking solutions scale badly when mobile units move frequently. Our paper proposes a new message delivery algorithm and includes a proof outline using the UNITY logic. Our algorithm requires no tracking and provides stronger guarantees than existing protocols.
X-ray lithography: overview and outlook

Summary form only given. The authors describes X-ray lithography (XRL) and current results from various laboratories around the world. The status and challenges associated with the various technology elements (the source, the optics, the aligner, the mask, and the photoresist) are discussed. Finally, the outlook for successfully inserting XRL into semiconductor manufacturing are assessed.
Supercritical carbon dioxide assisted dispersion and distribution of silica nanoparticles in polymers

Abstract Creating well-dispersed polymer nanocomposites is an important part of controlling composite properties. Nanoparticles have been shown to improve among others electrical, thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of polymers if they can be dispersed and distributed within the polymer matrix effectively. In the current study, supercritical carbon dioxide is used to disperse and distribute silica nanoparticles in poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA. It was found that processing silica/PMMA nanocomposite system with supercritical carbon dioxide led to drastic improvement of the dispersion and distribution of silica nanoparticles in PMMA. The state of dispersion and distribution was found to strongly depend on the carbon dioxide saturation pressure – the greater the saturation pressure was, the better the dispersion and distribution became. The dispersion and distribution of silica nanoparticles were quantified via radial distribution function (RDF), which was constructed from transmission electron micrographs. In addition, the non-bonded attraction and cohesive energy between almost-touching nanoparticles were calculated using the Hamaker theory and results were compared with the internal pressure of expanding pores.
Life cycle water use for electricity generation: a review and harmonization of literature estimates

This article provides consolidated estimates of water withdrawal and water consumption for the full life cycle of selected electricity generating technologies, which includes component manufacturing, fuel acquisition, processing, and transport, and power plant operation and decommissioning. Estimates were gathered through a broad search of publicly available sources, screened for quality and relevance, and harmonized for methodological differences. Published estimates vary substantially, due in part to differences in production pathways, in defined boundaries, and in performance parameters. Despite limitations to available data, we find that: water used for cooling of thermoelectric power plants dominates the life cycle water use in most cases; the coal, natural gas, and nuclear fuel cycles require substantial water per megawatt-hour in most cases; and, a substantial proportion of life cycle water use per megawatt-hour is required for the manufacturing and construction of concentrating solar, geothermal, photovoltaic, and wind power facilities. On the basis of the best available evidence for the evaluated technologies, total life cycle water use appears lowest for electricity generated by photovoltaics and wind, and highest for thermoelectric generation technologies. This report provides the foundation for conducting water use impact assessments of the power sector while also identifying gaps in data that could guide future research.
Using the Family School in the Treatment of Learning Disabilities

The premises of this paper are that the family is a school, that the family school plays a significant and often decisive part in the etiology of a learning disability, that children do what parents expect of them, and that parents are primary agents of positive change in the treatment process.
Detection of organic vapors and NH3(g) using thin-film carbon black–metallophthalocyanine composite chemiresistors

Thin-film chemiresistive vapor sensors have been fabricated using composites of carbon black (CB) and metallophthalocyanines. The resulting sensors exhibited large, rapid, and reversible relative differential resistance changes upon exposure to a series of test organic vapors. The individual sensor responses, and collective sensor array properties for classification of a series of test organic vapors, were comparable to those of chemiresistor arrays made from composites of conductors and insulating organic polymers. In addition to displaying resistance responses to volatile organic compounds, the CB/metallophthalocyanine composite sensors exhibited a high sensitivity towards trace levels of NH_3(g) under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. No degradation in sensor response was observed after nearly 12 h of repeated exposure to 30 parts per million of NH_3(g) in air. Chemiresistors formed from composites of CB and zinc phthalocyanines demonstrated responses that were comparable to those of commercial NH_3(g) sensors. The CB/metallophthalocyanine composites thus broaden the types of materials that can be used for this type of low-power chemiresistive gas sensing, and broaden the types of analytes that can be sensitively detected to include inorganic gases as well as organic vapors.
Better Stories, Not Better Constructs, To Generate Better Theory: A Rejoinder to Eisenhardt

In this article the authors discuss an article published in a pervious issue that presented an approach to building better theory through the use of case studies. The authors suggest that the paper does not do enough to support the claim that the methods used surpass pervious methods for conducting case studies. They compare the author's approach with various case studies and discuss the limitations of the author's work. Their main concerns fall into three areas; the in-depth study of a single case, deep vs. surface description and the telling of good stories vs. the creation of good constructs. They assert that by not conducting the in-depth research applied in a traditional case study the author is depriving the research of the insight one receives from that depth of study.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Activation in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells as Substrate for Adaptive Timing of the Classically Conditioned Eye-Blink Response

To understand how the cerebellum adaptively times the classically conditioned nictitating membrane response (NMR), a model of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) second messenger system in cerebellar Purkinje cells is constructed. In the model, slow responses, generated postsynaptically by mGluR-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and calcium release from intracellular stores, bridge the interstimulus interval (ISI) between the onset of parallel fiber activity associated with the conditioned stimulus (CS) and climbing fiber activity associated with unconditioned stimulus (US) onset. Temporal correlation of metabotropic responses and climbing fiber signals produces persistent phosphorylation of both AMPA receptors and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels. This is responsible for long-term depression (LTD) of AMPA receptors. The phosphorylation of Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels leads to a reduction in baseline membrane potential and a reduction of Purkinje cell population firing during the CS-US interval. The Purkinje cell firing decrease disinhibits cerebellar nuclear cells, which then produce an excitatory response corresponding to the learned movement. Purkinje cell learning times the response, whereas nuclear cell learning can calibrate it. The model reproduces key features of the conditioned rabbit NMR: Purkinje cell population response is timed properly; delay conditioning occurs for ISIs of up to 4 sec, whereas trace conditioning occurs only at shorter ISIs; mixed training at two different ISIs produces a double-peaked response; and ISIs of 200-400 msec produce maximal responding. Biochemical similarities between timed cerebellar learning and photoreceptor transduction, and circuit similarities between the timed cerebellar circuit and a timed dentate-CA3 hippocampal circuit, are noted.
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator: Physical Basis for Lyotropic Anion Selectivity Patterns

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl channel exhibits lyotropic anion selectivity. Anions that are more readily dehydrated than Cl exhibit permeability ratios (PS/PCl) greater than unity and also bind more tightly in the channel. We compared the selectivity of CFTR to that of a synthetic anion-selective membrane [poly(vinyl chloride)–tridodecylmethylammonium chloride; PVC-TDMAC] for which the nature of the physical process that governs the anion-selective response is more readily apparent. The permeability and binding selectivity patterns of CFTR differed only by a multiplicative constant from that of the PVC-TDMAC membrane; and a continuum electrostatic model suggested that both patterns could be understood in terms of the differences in the relative stabilization of anions by water and the polarizable interior of the channel or synthetic membrane. The calculated energies of anion–channel interaction, derived from measurements of either permeability or binding, varied as a linear function of inverse ionic radius (1/r), as expected from a Born-type model of ion charging in a medium characterized by an effective dielectric constant of 19. The model predicts that large anions, like SCN, although they experience weaker interactions (relative to Cl) with water and also with the channel, are more permeant than Cl because anion–water energy is a steeper function of 1/r than is the anion–channel energy. These large anions also bind more tightly for the same reason: the reduced energy of hydration allows the net transfer energy (the well depth) to be more negative. This simple selectivity mechanism that governs permeability and binding acts to optimize the function of CFTR as a Cl filter. Anions that are smaller (more difficult to dehydrate) than Cl are energetically retarded from entering the channel, while the larger (more readily dehydrated) anions are retarded in their passage by “sticking” within the channel.
Dental applications of nanostructured bioactive glass and its composites

To improve treatments of bone or dental trauma and diseases such as osteoporosis, cancer, and infections, scientists who perform basic research are collaborating with clinicians to design and test new biomaterials for the regeneration of lost or injured tissue. Developed some 40 years ago, bioactive glass (BG) has recently become one of the most promising biomaterials, a consequence of discoveries that its unusual properties elicit specific biological responses inside the body. Among these important properties are the capability of BG to form strong interfaces with both hard and soft tissues, and its release of ions upon dissolution. Recent developments in nanotechnology have introduced opportunities for materials sciences to advance dental and bone therapies. For example, the applications for BG expand as it becomes possible to finely control structures and physicochemical properties of materials at the molecular level. Here, we review how the properties of these materials have been enhanced by the advent of nanotechnology, and how these developments are producing promising results in hard-tissue regeneration and development of innovative BG-based drug delivery systems.
Receipt of appropriate surgical care for Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.

Objective To investigate receipt of appropriate surgical care in Medicare beneficiaries with cancer. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting National Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry linked to Medicare claims data. Patients Fee-for-service Medicare patients aged 65 years or older who underwent a definitive surgical resection for breast, colon, gastric, rectal, or thyroid cancer diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2005. Claims data were available from January 1999 through December 2007. Main Outcome Measures Receipt of care concordant with established practice guidelines in surgical oncology in the aggregate and by hospital. Results Concordance with guidelines was greater than 90% for 7 of 11 measures. All guidelines regarding adjuvant therapy had concordance rates greater than 90%. Only 2 of 5 measures for nodal management had concordance rates greater than 90%. At least 50% of hospitals provided guideline-concordant care to 100% of their patients for 6 of 11 guidelines. Patients receiving appropriate care tended to be younger, healthier, white, and more affluent, to have less advanced disease, and to live in the Midwest. Conclusions We found a high level of concordance with guidelines in some domains of surgical oncology care but far less so in others, particularly for gastric and colon nodal management. Given the current national focus on improving the quality of health care, surgeons must focus on generating data to define appropriate care and translating those data into everyday practice.
Harvard Report on Cancer Prevention Volume 4: Harvard Cancer Risk Index

Objective: Prediction of cancer risk is a minor component of current health risk appraisals. Perception of individual cancer risk is poor. A Cancer Risk Index was developed to predict individual cancer risk for cancers accounting for 80% of the cancer burden in the United States.
Effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition on Blood Acid-Base Balance in the Chicken Embryo

The role of carbonic anhydrase in chicken embryo blood acid-base balance was examined using the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide during the second half of incubation. Day 13, 16, and 17 embryos of treated eggs had significant increases in blood PCO2 and decreases in blood pH when compared with controls.
Geometry and Moments of Bent Tape Springs

Tape springs feature a transverse curve with a long, straight axial direction and are used for satellite booms. Flattening the curve allows the boom to be rolled up or folded, providing compact storage prior to deployment. The flattening of the curve dramatically alters the stiffness, which creates sensitivity issues in finite element analysis. This paper presents a method for modeling the bent geometry of a folded tape spring, which can be used to predict the restoring moment. Results are compared to high resolution laser scans and show good agreement. The goal is validating a simplified simplified model of 3D stiffness, which can be integrated to predict boom deployment dynamics.
Is the Irrigated Subsector of the Developing World Ready for the Shock Waves of Coming Globalization

Irrigation has been considered the hope for economic recovery in many agriculturally-based developing countries. However, irrigation has not satisfied the economic and social needs of these countries. Why hasn't irrigation, despite many development projects and its status as a priority in these societies, been able to significantly improve living conditions and decrease poverty? There are external reasons, internal reasons, and the element of human capital involved in each. In order to make irrigation a true key to development and reduction of poverty in the Third World, an understanding of underlying factors, with corresponding substantial changes, is necessary. An integrated approach to the situation should address both internal and external problems that impede the benefits that irrigation should bring. External factors are related to the market. Are developed nations really sincere in their desire to help the developing world? Two suggestions—reduction of tariffs and reduction of farm subsidies in developed nations seem to be the main avenues to open markets to farmers in the developing world. In fact, these possible solutions have been discussed in WTO meetings in Doha and were on the decision-making agenda for the WTO meeting in Cancun, where agricultural trade was discussed. Indications were that globalization would be implemented as of 2005. Globalization will come as an economic shock to the developing world. However, the next question is: Is the developing world ready and flexible to meet the demands of and rapid response required by globalization, when and if it happens? The answer is that it generally is not. In this article, strategies to prepare the agricultural sector in the developing world for this coming shock wave are discussed. Structural and nonstructural alternatives are prioritized.
Flight Control of a UAV with Inflatable Wings with Wing Warping

The paper presents work on testing of inflatable wings for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Design and construction of inflatable wings is discussed, along with bench, tunnel and flight testing. The focus is on characterizing the deformation of the wings and development of a system to deform the wings in flight. A lifting line code was used to predict the potential benefits of wing twisting for roll control of the vehicle. Predictions and correlations of the forces required to warp the wings to a particular shape were conducted in the laboratory. These deformations were characterized through the use of photogrammetry. The photogrammetry results were then used to generate models of the wings in their deformed shape. The models were then placed in the wind tunnel for analysis of the aeroelastic effects. These results are presented and discussed. These results were then compared with the predicted benefits from the lifting line code. Mechanical manipulation of the wing shape on a test vehicle is shown to be an effective means of roll control through full scale flight testing. Finally, damage resistance of the inflatable wings is shown from results of flight tests.
A case of familial frontotemporal dementia presenting with malignant catatonia

Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) may present with atypical features of disinhibition, cognitive decline, and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. We present a case of bvFTD presenting with malignant catatonia and later revealing repeat expansion of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 ( C9ORF72 ) alleles. We describe the clinical course, physical and mental examination findings, and diagnostic features; a brief and cursory literature review is also offered.
Optimal Selection Method of Real-time Correction Model in Flood Forecasting System

The real-time correction model(RTCM) has its applicable range in real-time flood forecasting system(RTFFS),but the model is hard to do on-line optimal selection.For this problem,first the theory and applicability of three traditional RTCMs,including adaptive filtering model,Muskingum matrix model and feedback simulation model are analyzed in the paper.And algorithm flowchart is completed and base for code compiling of each model is provided.Secondary,optimal selection method(OSM) of RTCM is proposed,which is suitable to use RTFFS in large river basin with several correction profiles and to have capability of on-line selecting the optimal RTCM for each correction profile.Application results shows in the WDS9002 Three Gorges RTFFS,the OSM has higher best frequency than other traditional RTCM in correction successful rate and the best accuracy assessment indexes,and rarely emerges the worst accuracy assessment indexes.In addition,OSM can reduce probability of overcorrection.
392 CULTURAL PERCEPTIONS OF ILLNESS, TREATMENT, AND ACCESS TO CARE IN LATINO CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE.

Introduction Despite access to services, clinical outcomes for Latino pediatric patients with chronic disease have been reported to be less favorable than outcomes of non-Latino patients. Understanding cultural factors that contribute to disease perception and subsequent response to treatment is important for improving care in Latino children with chronic renal disease. Objective To elucidate in Latino children with chronic renal disease and their families (1) inherent conceptions about the disease process, expression, and treatment; (2) perceived barriers to access to care and treatment; (3) reasons for potential nonadherence with treatment. Methods Using Kleinman9s questions to elicit health beliefs as a guide, semistructured interviews were conducted with 42 individuals representing 27 family units treated for chronic renal disease at Children9s Hospital and Health Center in San Diego. Parents and children were interviewed separately, and demographic information was obtained. Interview transcripts were analyzed by coding consensus, co-occurrence, and comparison, using N-VIVO qualitative analysis software. Results Distinctive patterns of disease perception and response to treatment were identified among Latino patients and their families as compared with their non-Latino counterparts. Explanatory model of disease, coping strategies, and the impact of the illness on family relationships, schooling, and physical activity were different across the two groups. Conclusion Efforts to improve outcomes in Latino pediatric nephrology patients and families should take into account distinctive patterns disease understanding and response to illness observed in this population.
Application of LIDAR Technology to Monitoring and Management of Interior Water System

Light detection and ranging(LIDAR)is an innovative and high technology developed in 1990s.LIDAR which is a survey system with light sensor,inertial navigation(INU)of aircraft and global position system is capable to derive a high resolution three dimensional data of objects rapidly.Basic principles of LIDAR technology was described,application of LIDAR system to interior rivers monitoring was introduced including rivers survey,floodplain monitoring and management,river bank erosion monitoring,flood monitoring and management.Digital elevation model was established based on filter and classification of point cloud data of river basin,or combined geographic information system,remote sense images and global position system for the applications of LIDAR technology.Advantage of LIDAR technology as well as technology on monitoring and management of inland water in China were reviewed.Application prospect of LIDAR technology on monitoring and management of inland waters in China was proposed through analysis of typical cases of abroad.
DNA, RNA and Immunohistochemical Characterization of the HER-2/neu Oncogene in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

Abstract HER-2/neu overexpression appears to play a role in determining the malignant potential of some human cancers. To date, no urothelial malignancies appear to have been evaluated for HER-2/neu DNA amplification, mRNA expression and protein overproduction. By Southern hybridization we detected DNA amplification and a possible structural rearrangement of the HER-2/neu oncogene in one of 12 bladder tumors. A 14kb DNA fragment in addition to the expected 12.5Kb fragment was found. Additionally, the HER-2/neu oncogene was amplified sixfold in the tumor compared to placental DNA. Five of 14 (36%) bladder tumors overexpressed HER-2/neu mRNA three to 38-fold compared to normal urothelium. HER-2/neu overexpression occurred in superficial and invasive tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on the one tumor with DNA amplification and the 14 tumors evaluated for mRNA expression. The tumor with DNA amplification and three of the five tumors with HER-2/neu mRNA overexpression stained positively for the p185HER-2/neu protein. These findings suggest that DNA amplification occurs infrequently in bladder cancer. Thirty-six percent of bladder cancers overexpress HER-2/neu mRNA. Immunohistochemical analysis with a p185HER-2/neu polyclonal antibody, on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue, was specific for HER-2/neu overexpression but not as sensitive as Northern analysis.
Late Development of Colonic Adenocarcinoma 49 Years After Ureterosigmoidostomy for Exstrophy of the Bladder

AbstractAn unusual case is presented of adenocarcinoma developing at a ureterosigmoidostomy site 49 years after repair of a congenital exstrophic bladder. This is the longest latent period for tumor development in such a site reported to date.
Overview of Formation Damage

A comprehensive review of the various types of formation damage problems encountered in petroleum reservoirs is presented. The factors and processes causing these problems are described in detail. The design of a team effort necessary for understanding and controlling of the formation damage problems in the field is explained. The motivation for the writing of this book and the specific objectives are stated. The approach taken in the presentation of the materials in this book is explained. A brief executive summary of the topics covered in the book is given. The roles played by different professionals, such as the petroleum and chemical engineers, chemists, physicist, geologists, and geochemists, are described.
Neuropeptide Co-storage and Exocytosis by Neuronal Large Dense-cored Vesicles: How Good is the Evidence?

The discovery of bioactive peptides and amino acids in the central and peripheral nervous systems, aided by improved visualization methods, has led to numerous reports on co-localization. Less is proven about subcellular co-storage and the mechanism for differential release of neuropeptides. We will emphasize evidence which favours the ‘functional’ variance in exocytosis of a classical transmitter and one or more neuropeptides. This includes the stimulus characteristics governing the engagement of different proportions of small synaptic vesicles (SVs) and large dense-cored vesicles (LDVs) in the same neuron. Subject coverage is limited primarily to those systems which come closest to satisfying ideal criteria set forth in section 2. References stress timely reviews and key papers.
An Assessment of Rehabilitation Protocols Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

The present study provided a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials involving the effectiveness of various rehabilitation methods that have been implemented for the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The review of the literature revealed the following as evidence for effective ACLR rehabilitation: early intervention strategy focused on restoring range of motion, muscle strength, and ligament stability with the utilization of closed kinetic chain exercises. The literature supports the use of dynamic intraligamentary stabilization, which should also be implemented in the rehabilitation protocol within the first three months after surgery. The research suggests that the patient should undergo at least 30–90 minutes of cryotherapy immediately following ACLR surgery. There is also some evidence regarding the effectiveness of neuromuscular rehabilitation training programs, but further investigations are needed. Future research should consider the timing of rehabilitation as well as supplemental rehabilitation exercises to continue to improve the quality of care delivered to patients following ACLR.
Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma: Impact of Response Failure in the Era of Novel Therapies.

Abstract 1878 Poster Board I-900 Autologous stem cell transplant as a platform for multiple myeloma treatment is the standard of care for patients who can safely withstand the procedure. Before novel agents were introduced, one-third to one-half of patients did not achieve partial response at transplant. Previously published medical literature has showed that in this past era, absence of initial response to induction therapy had no impact on progression-free survival and overall survival after high-dose therapy. Lack of response to initial induction did not preclude a good response after stem cell transplant. With the introduction of novel agents—immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors—response rates with initial therapy are now between 70% and 100%. This retrospective study analyzes progression-free survival and overall survival in patients who do not have a partial response after induction therapy with a regimen that contains a novel agent. Unlike patients in reports published previously—before novel agents—patients who do not achieve partial remission have a significantly shorter overall survival from transplant (74.0 vs 43.5 months) and a shorter progression-free survival (22.6 vs 13.1 months; P<.001). Absence of a response to induction therapy with a novel agent predicts a poorer outcome after high-dose therapy.{abstabft}.b CR+VGPR for plateau, P<.001 compared with other 3 categories. Failure to respond to novel-agent induction leads to shorter posttransplant progression-free survival (PFS). Failure to respond to novel-agent induction leads to shorter posttransplant overall survivalDisclosures: Gertz: celgene: Honoraria; millenium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Kumar: celgene: Honoraria; millenium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Lacy: celgene: Honoraria; millenium: Honoraria. | Variable | P Value | |:------------------------------:| ------- | | Plateau vs relapsed-refractory | .003 | | Albumin | .86 | | Sex | .94 | | b2-Microglobulin | .89 | | Bone marrow plasma cells | .18 | | Age | .75 | | Abnormal cytogenetics | .002 | | CTX mobilization | .51 | | Labeling index | .002 | Table Multivariable Analysis of Posttransplant Progression-Free Survival ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] [1]: pending:yes
Without Place, Is It Real?

This article reviews Matthews’ (2014) Realist Criminology as an opportunity to address larger shortcomings within critical criminology, which is the failure to develop an alternative theory of crime and place to the mainstream theories of social disorganisation and collective efficacy. It uses rural criminological work related to violence against women and substance use, production and trafficking to illustrate the importance of place for development of a realist criminology that can consider localised expressions of power and inequality, and the multiplicity of networks and roles by which people can simultaneously be involved in both conforming and deviant/criminal behaviours. The article also suggests that a critical theory of crime and place would be useful to the synthesis and re-interpretation of criminological literature that is either theory-less or lacks a critical perspective.
Palladium-Catalyzed, Enantioselective α-Arylation of α-Fluorooxindoles.

Transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric α-arylation of carbonyl compounds is a widely studied method for C–C bond formation. Recently, the α-arylation of α-fluoro ketones has been reported, including enantioselective α-arylation of α-fluoro ketones. However, the asymmetric α-arylation of α-fluoro carbonyl compounds in the carboxylic acid oxidation state has not been reported. We report the enantioselective α-arylation of α-fluorooxindoles with aryl triflates. The reaction occurs in high yield and with high enantioselectivity when catalyzed by a Pd–Segphos complex. This general class of product serves as an enantioenriched, nonenolizable version of α-aryl oxindoles.
Remote strain sensing of CFRP using microwave frequency domain reflectometry

NASA's Advanced Composites Project is investigating technologies that increase automated remote inspection of aircraft composite structures. Therefore, microwave Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR) is being investigated as a method of enabling rapid remote measurement of strain occurring at the first ply of a composite fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) structure using Radio Frequency (RF) Electro-Magnetic (EM) radiation. While microwave reflectometry has been used to detect disbonds in CFRP structures, its use in detecting strain has been limited. This work will present data demonstrating the measurement of the reactance changes due to loading conditions that are indicative of strain in a CFRP structure. In addition, the basic EM signature will be presented along with an analysis of temperature and humidity effects.
Studies on the Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer

Since this report will deal exclusively with work from this laboratory we would like at the onset to acknowledge the previous work from the laboratories of Jensen, Bresciani, King, Mobbs , Korenman, Sander, and Terenius and their contributions to our understanding of estrogen action in breast tumors.
Sentences in Texts: A Valediction for Sentence Topic

This paper considers the role of sentence topics in the information structure of text segments. In particular, I ask whether structural sentence topics contribute systematically to the local information structure of a text segment. I will state and test the hypothesis of local aboutness. According to this hypothesis sentences in text segments are “about” the referents of their topic NP’s. The hypothesis is an interesting one because it would entail that structurally identifiable sentence constituents have a consistent role in text structure. However, the hypothesis cannot be maintained: paraphrase and other tests show that topics do not play a consistent role in the information structure of text segments. Indeed, there is an indeterminate relation between structurally determined topics and local aboutness. Therefore I conclude that grammatically determined sentence topics are not consistently relevant in the information structure of text segments.1
Pressure-based alkaline lysis with immunocapture, a method for enhanced recovery in differential extraction.

A pressure based protocol for differential extraction has been optimized to provide a rapid and selective alternative to conventional differential extraction techniques with the advantage of an increased recovery of genomic DNA. The protocol involves treating cotton swabs containing mixtures of sperm and vaginal epithelial cells with 2 sets of pressure treatment using a Barocycler® NEP 2320 in alkaline conditions. This first step quantitatively and selectively removes female epithelial cells. The cotton swab is removed and further treated with alkali at 95°C for the removal of sperm cell DNA. The resultant solution provides a clean male profile at a 20:1 cell ratio. Furthermore, the inclusion of a pretreatment step involving immunomagnetic cell capture of the female cells, permits nearly complete isolation of male sperm cells at cell ratios of up to 200:1 female to male cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
(Dis)engagement matters: identifying efficacious learning practices with multimodal learning analytics

Video analysis is a staple of the education research community. For many contemporary education researchers, participation in the video coding process serves as a rite of passage. However, recent developments in multimodal learning analytics may help to accelerate and enhance this process by providing researchers with a more nuanced glimpse into a set of learning experiences. As an example of how to use multimodal learning analytics towards these ends, this paper includes a preliminary analysis from 54 college students, who completed two engineering design tasks in pairs. Gesture, speech and electro-dermal activation data were collected as students completed these tasks. The gesture data was used to learn a set of canonical clusters (N=4). A decision tree was trained based on individual students' cluster frequencies, and pre-post learning gains. The nodes in the decision tree were then used to identify a subset of video segments that were human coded based on prior work in learning analytics and engineering design. The combination of machine learning and human inference helps elucidate the practices that seem to correlate with student learning. In particular, both engagement and disengagement seem to correlate with student learning, albeit in a somewhat nuanced fashion.
Genital Alteration and Intersex: a Critical Analysis

The purpose of this review is to survey current discussions of genital alteration on intersex infants, and children. Intersex is a term used to describe an individual with a less common combination of genetic, hormonal, gonadal, and genital features that are used in assigning sex at birth. This language is frequently replaced by disorders of sexual development (DSD). This article critically examines medical publications, legal and governmental documents, and statements by intersex activists regarding medically unnecessary genital surgery, seeking to place a wide variety of literature in conversation and attending to social and ethical issues related to DSD treatment. It is vital that there be a robust patient-centered research agenda on non-surgical and surgical outcomes for DSD treatment. We offer open-ended questions inspired by this literature review, with the hope and intention that future treatment of DSDs will continue to be informed by critical engagement.