cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Upper spectrum use boundary on the move [Spectrum Policy and Regulatory Issues]

In the June 2013 issue of this magazine, this column asked "Where Does Radio Spectrum End?" [1]. At the time we pointed out that International Telecommunication Union (ITU) spectrum allocations ended at 275 GHz, although ITU has other rules that refer to spectrum as high as 3 THz [2]. By comparison, various discussions of infrared technology have it beginning as low as 300 GHz (λ = 1 mm) or as high as 3 THz (λ = 100 μm). The IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society publishes a journal, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, specifically aimed at the frequency range between 300 GHz and 10 THz with the motto: "Expanding the Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum."
The Establishment of the Quality Control System of Resistance Spot Welding of Car Body Thin Plate Casting

The welding quality of body in white has important in fluence on the whole vehicle safety and the structure strength.According to the analysis of equipment states and welding parameter like welding time,welding current,welding press,referring to the welding quality control ways of some mini car company,a set of welding quality control method was developed. In succession,the specific step and requirement were brought up to realize the welding quality control method.Lasdy, sustaining assessment is used to maintain the system in a reasonable status.
Dwelling and creative imagination in Gaston Bachelard’s phenomenology: Returning to the poetic space of education and learning

AbstractIn response to the so-called crisis in contemporary education in the institutions of higher learning (USA)—the encroachment of corporatism and pervasion of standardization—there is a move to offset this dominance by reconceiving the university in terms of an intimate space of dwelling in learning and education. In light of this moribund condition in education, I address the following concerns: How should educators approach the ‘space’ of learning in the new millennium with respect to the supposed ‘new face’ of education in higher learning? What implication will such changes to curriculum have on the ‘context’ of learning? Will the context of learning now need to be reconceptualized, and if it is, what effects will this have on students and educators? Herein I consider the contributions that the philosopher Gaston Bachelard’s phenomenological ontology of space, dwelling, and the creative imagination might make to the formulation of rejoinders to these crucial questions and concerns, which offer the...
Sparse approximations of directed information graphs

Given a network of agents interacting over time, which few interactions best characterize the dynamics of the whole network? We propose an algorithm that finds the optimal sparse approximation of a network. The user controls the level of sparsity by specifying the total number of edges. The networks are represented using directed information graphs, a graphical model that depicts causal influences between agents in a network. Goodness of approximation is measured with Kullback-Leibler divergence. The algorithm finds the best approximation with no assumptions on the topology or the class of the joint distribution.
Wideband Adaptive Beamforming Using Linear Phase Filterbanks

This paper describes the use of linear phase filter banks to perform wideband adaptive beamforming. The application of two types of filter banks is investigated. First, a simple discrete Fourier transform filter bank (DFTFB) is examined, and second a linear phase paraunitary filter bank (LPPUFB) designed using nonlinear optimization techniques is reviewed. For both filter banks, it is shown that computing and applying the optimal beamformer weights independently for different frequency bands yields better performance than a narrowband beamformer.
Newton’s Beam: Repetition

A cubical box, each of whose sides is 1 meter long, is placed on the floor against a wall. A beam 4 meters long is leaned against the edge of the box so that one end touches the wall and the other end touches the floor. There are two different ways to position the beam so that these constraints are satisfied, one of which is illustrated in Figure 14.1. What is the distance along the floor from the base of the wall to the bottom of the beam in each of these two configurations?
Unexpected Harmful Side Effects Triggered by Immune Modulation.

A 66 year old man was referred urgently to Hematology for severe, spontaneous bruising, bleeding and acute onset anemia. His Past History revealed long standing, poorly controlled rheumatoid arthritis, ischemic cardiac disease with a prior MI, hypertension and elevated Homocystein. Medications included: Leflunomide, Hydroxychloroquine, Ramipril, Bisoprolol, vitamins B12 and B6 and the recently initiated Adalimumab (Humira), an anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) immune modulator. On examination he was covered by extensive ecchymoses, large hematomas and had a knee effusion, feeling tired and light headed. He denied any injury. Hemostatic screening showed a normal PT and a markedly prolonged PTT, first 71, later over 100 seconds. A mix of patient and control plasma did not correct the PTT. An inhibitor was detected. Factors XI and IX were normal, Factor VIII was less than 1%. Factor VIII inhibitor was 60 Units Bethesda. White cell and Platelet counts were normal. Hemoglobin was 91 g/l from a previous 120. He was treated with Prednisone and Cyclophosphamide as well as Hexacapron. Activated Factor VIIa was on standby and was used on one occasion for a huge lower lip hematoma oozing intractably, that required also topical Aprotinin. Investigations for an underlying lympho-proliferative disorder or solid tumor neoplasia were negative. His complete response to chemotherapy took several months. Factor VIII inhibitors in non-hemophiliacs are the commonest autoantibodies against clotting factors. Their incidence is 0.2 to 1.0 case per million per year and mostly associated with hematological neoplasias, solid tumors and post-partum. This appears to be first occurrence of Anti-Factor VIII triggered by this type of immune modulation. Since Monocyte-Macrophages are a major source of TNF, it is possible, that by the interaction of Adalimumab, as Anti-TNF and the TNF receptor, the antigen presenting cell becomes altered, permitting in a patient with underlying autoimmune disease, a monoclonal B-Lymphocyte expansion with anti-Factor VIII properties.
Development, Mobilization and War: The Iranian Construction Jehad, Construction Mobilization and Trench Builders Association (1979–2013)

AbstractBased on ethnographic and archival research in Iran, this article examines the intersection of war making, rural development and popular mobilization in the state formation of the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI). To this end, the article profiles three organizations that were instrumental to this process: The Construction Jehad, the Construction Mobilization and the Trench Builders Association. During the last three decades, these organizations have helped the IRI and its factionalized elites in their attempts to promote rural development, mobilize and socialize constituents, gain popular support and electoral votes, and demobilize and marginalize domestic and foreign opponents. These organizations also produced and addressed the unintended consequences of cognitive dissonance, deep-seated disillusionment and ideological detachment among activists, veterans, students and youth. By organizing a critical mass of constituents and aggregating popular claims from below, these organizations exerted botto...
Social Support and Feelings of Personal Control in Later Life

The purpose of this chapter is to explore the interface between feelings of personal control and social support in later life. As a number of researchers have pointed out (e.g., Rodin, 1990; Turner & Roszell, 1994), the construct of control has been operationalized in many different ways. Among the specific variables subsumed under this broad rubric are mastery (Pearlin & Schooler, 1978), fatalism (Wheaton, 1983), and locus-of-control orientation (Rotter, 1966). Although there are differences in the way these variables have been defined and measured, they nevertheless share a common conceptual core. Embedded within each measure is the notion that individuals with a strong sense of control believe that changes in their social environment are responsive to and contingent upon their own choices, efforts, and actions. In contrast, people with a weak sense of control believe that the events in their lives are shaped by forces outside their influence, and that they have little ability to affect the things that happen to them.
Adaptive Control System for the Total Artificial Heart

Abstract The development of an adaptive controller for the total artificial heart and circulatory system is discussed. The control variables for the system are the left and right stroke volumes; the outputs of the system are the left atrial and the right atrial pressures. Our objective is to hold the atrial pressures at desired levels, to maintain a balance in flow between the left and right sides of the circulatory system, and to have the system respond to demand for cardiac output. The timing of the onset of the systolic period is synchronized with the natural P-wave. The computer based adaptive control algorithm contains a PID controller, which updates the values of the control variables each heart beat.
The Oral Health Needs of the Incarcerated Population: Steps Toward Equal Access.

The author discusses the oral health needs of incarcerated individuals. Topics include a report on the oral health of Americans issued by the Assistant Secretary of Health and Surgeon General David Satcher in 2000, the lack of national data sets and surveys on institutionalized populations, and the impact of oral health on overall health.
Correlation of Atrial Septal Defect Size as Measured by Intracardiac Echocardiography and Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound in Children and Young Adults (P02.102)

OBJECTIVE: Correlation of TCD and ICE is poorly described and no data has been shown that describes the anatomic size of the ASD and the degree of TCD shunt, which we aim to reveal in this study. BACKGROUND: Right to left shunts (RLS) found with patent foramen ovale are implicated in the pathophysiology of cryptogenic stroke, migraine headaches as well as decompression illness. Our dysautonomia clinic has studied a syndrome of neurocardiogenic syncope, migraine headaches and positive tilt table testing associated with atrial septal defects (ASD). RLS are typically diagnosed non-invasively using echocardiography ± transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). However, intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) provides a superior image of the cardiac septum. DESIGN/METHODS: We performed a restrospective analysis of a prospectively obtained registry of patients that underwent simultaneous TCD and ICE shunt testing ± endovascular ASD closure. All patients underwent general anesthesia and bilateral TCD monitoring of the middle cerebral artery. Valsalva was manually produced by the anesthesiologist at 40mm Hg. Simultaneous assessment of RLS was performed using ICE and TCD monitoring after injection of agitated saline into the femoral vein sheath. If negative, a direct right atrial injection was performed. The size of ASD was measured by ICE independent of TCD results. RESULTS: Between 9/2010 and 7/2012, 112 patients underwent testing. RLS was found in 81.1 and 71.4 percent by ICE and TCD, respectively. Curtain (too many bubbles to count) TCD shunts had larger physical ASDs compared to non-curtain (2.8mm ± 1.7 vs 1.7mm ± 0.9, p=0.004). Additional cardiac abnormalities, such as Atrial Septal Aneurysm and/or Multifenestrated ASD, had larger ASD sizes compared to those without (3.5mm ± 1.7 vs 1.9 ± 1.3, p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Curtain result on TCD bubble studies is associated with significantly larger ASDs and other cardiac abnormalities in children and young adults. Disclosure: Dr. Doan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Barreto has nothing to disclose. Dr. Fulep has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bui has nothing to disclose. Dr. Butler has nothing to disclose.
Effect of LIM-kinase 1 on cancer invasion and metastasis

2528 Guanine-rich strands of DNA can form four-stranded structures termed G-quadruplexes, which are built up from stacks of hydrogen bonded guanine quartets. Quadruplexes can adopt a variety of folds, dependent on, in particular the nature and length of the loop sequences. The extreme 5’ ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which consists of G-rich single stranded DNA repeats, such as T2AG3 in humans, is capable of forming G-quadruplexes, some of which have been characterised by X-ray crystallography and NMR. There is increasing interest in quadruplexes occurring in other regions of the genome containing G-rich sequences, where they might be involved in the regulation of transcription or translation, especially where their stability is enhanced by specific ligand binding. The putative quadruplex sequences that have been identified have varying numbers of guanine bases and different loop compositions, suggesting wide variability in overall fold and detailed structure. We have embarked on a programme of computational and crystallographic studies to determine the rules governing quadruplex folding (Hazel et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc, in press). We present crystallographic and modeling data that investigate the role of loop composition in determining G-quadruplex structures. Single crystals have been obtained on both G4T3G4 and G4T2AG4 sequences, and X-ray diffraction data has been collected to high resolution (1.5 and 1.8 A respectively). The crystal structures are currently being solved. Unit cell dimensions are consistent with G-quadruplex formation ((a, b, c (A),alpha, beta, gamma(°))=30, 37, 44, 90, 90, 90 and 101, 26, 81, 90, 97, 90, for G4T3G4 and G4T2AG4 respectively). The G4T3G4 structure has exact crystallographic symmetry, with a two-fold axis through the centre of the molecule, indicating that the structure does not adopt the diagonal loop structure of the Oxytricha G4T4G4 structure. Preliminary analysis of the crystallographic data on these two G-quadruplexes with T3 and T2A loops indicates that they do not fold in the same way as quadruplexes with a T4 loop. These new structures will broaden our understanding of the influence of loop size and composition on the folding of quadruplexes, in conjunction with simulations of their flexibility using molecular dynamics simulations. The derivation of rules guiding the folding of quadruplexes will enable the design of ligands targeted specifically to potential G-quadruplex forming sequences.
Virtual retractor: An interactive data exploration system using physically based deformation

Interactive data exploration plays a fundamental role in analyzing three dimensional scientific data. Occlusion management and context preservation are among the key factors to ensure effective identification and extraction of three-dimensional features. In this paper, we present an interactive data exploration system that utilizes a physically based deformation method to investigate hidden structures of data in three dimensional data sets. While non-physically based methods are popular for visual analytic applications due to their lower computational cost, physically based deformation methods can often better preserve features and their context. Our physically based deformation method preserves data features by setting the mesh properties according to interesting data attributes. We design effective and intuitive interfaces by using a metaphor of virtual retractor, which reflects the cutting and splitting of data that our system is simulating. We demonstrate case studies on multiple particle datasets and volume datasets, and present feedback from a domain user.
CHAPTER 9 – CURVES IN THE PLANE

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses curves in the plane. It presents some situations in which, given a real number t, two numbers x and y may be determined from some parametric equations. This could be viewed as a description of a single function that takes real numbers t as raw material and produces points in the plane as a finished product. The function R is called, if R accepts all t in some given interval [a, b]. Motion at a constant speed along a circular path illustrates the situation in which all acceleration takes the form of normal acceleration. Motion along a straight line illustrates the situation in which all the acceleration is tangential. Typically, the acceleration of a particle moving in the plane will be a combination of normal and tangential acceleration.
On meeting students where they are: Teacher judgment and the use of data in higher education:

It is treated as a truism that teaching well requires ‘meeting students where they are’. Data enable us to know better where that is. Data can improve instructional practice by informing prediction...
Anabolic Reactions Involving Sialic Acids

The sialic acids are a family of ubiquitous aminosugars found in some bacteria and invertebrates, and in all vertebrate tissues. They are normally found as nonreducing termini of complex heteropolymers such as glycoproteins, glycopeptide hormones, and glycolipids. The chemistry and structural features of these compounds are described in Chapter 1 of this volume.
Parametric investigation of the multi-frequency recirculating planar magnetron

The Multi-Frequency Recirculating Planar Magnetron is a prototype crossed-field, dual-frequency, highpower microwave oscillator. The anode consists of two planar cavity arrays with design frequencies of 1- and 2-GHz. Several experimental configurations have been tested using a −300 kV, 200-300 ns voltage pulse and a 0.1-0.3 T axial magnetic field. Shots examined the impact of magnetic field non-uniformity, power generated at harmonic frequencies, and isolated oscillator operation (wherein one of the two oscillators is replaced with a smooth-bore drift region). Results are presently being analyzed.
Long-Term Effects of the Communities That Care Trial on Substance Use, Antisocial Behavior, and Violence Through Age 21 Years

Objectives. To evaluate whether the effects of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system, implemented in early adolescence to promote positive youth development and reduce health-risking behavior, endured through age 21 years.Methods. We analyzed 9 waves of prospective data collected between 2004 and 2014 from a panel of 4407 participants (grade 5 through age 21 years) in the community-randomized trial of the CTC system in Colorado, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Oregon, Utah, and Washington State. We used multilevel models to evaluate intervention effects on sustained abstinence, lifetime incidence, and prevalence of past-year substance use, antisocial behavior, and violence.Results. The CTC system increased the likelihood of sustained abstinence from gateway drug use by 49% and antisocial behavior by 18%, and reduced lifetime incidence of violence by 11% through age 21 years. In male participants, the CTC system also increased the likelihood of sustained abstinence from tobacco use by 30% and marijuan...
Coal Storage and Transportation

Coal preparation, storage, and transportation are essential to coal use. Preparation plants, located near to the mine, remove some inorganic minerals associated with raw coal. Coal is transported from the mines to the point of consumption, often an electric generating plant, by rail, barge and trucks. Railroads are the predominant form of coal transportation within a country. Global coal trade, movement by large ocean-going vessels, continues to increase. At the end use site, the coal is crushed, ground, and the moisture content reduced to the proper specifications for end use. Coal is stored at various points in the supply chain. Processed coal will weather and oxidize, changing its properties; it can self-ignite, unless precautions are taken. Technology in use today is similar to that used in previous decades. Performance improvements have come from improved software and instruments that deliver real-time data. These improve management of sub-processes in the coal supply chain and reduce costs along the supply chain.
Variational Problems and Modeling of Ferroelectricity in Chiral Smectic C Liquid Crystals

This article deals with modeling and analysis of chiral smectic C liquid crystals and their ferroelectric phases. The polarization field plays an important role in the problem. The total energy of the smectic C* contains the Oseen-Frank free energy of the nematic, together with smectic terms quadratic in the second order gradients of the complex wave function describing smectic layering, and expression for the surface energy. In addition, the polar self-interaction is taken into account, together with the electrostatic energy associated with an external electric field. The case of spatial variable electric fields is also addressed. Stability properties of the solutions are discussed to determine the interplay between the surface and electric energy terms. The physically relevant boundary conditions of the admissible fields bring out analogies to the problems of vortex tubes and vortex sheets in fluid mechanics.
Mechanism and Prevention of Cardiomyopathy Due to Chemotherapy

The emergence of new oncological therapies has seen a great success in attenuating cancer and its metastases. However, the undesirable side-effect of cardiotoxicity has prevented utilization of anticancer therapies to its full potential. This chapter will elucidate some of the mechanisms behind the chemotherapy induced cardiomyopathy and will highlight the potential preventative and therapeutic measures to curb the cardiotoxic effect of anticancer agents. The aim of this chapter is to arm our clinicians with necessary knowledge and guidance as to how to treat chemotherapy related cardiomyopathy in our oncological patients.
Implications of blood group on lung transplantation rates: A propensity-matched registry analysis.

BACKGROUND Blood type O lung allografts may be allocated to blood type identical (type O) or compatible (non-O) candidates. We tested the hypothesis that the current organ allocation schema in the United States—based on the Lung Allocation Score—prejudices against the allocation of allografts to type O candidates, given that the pool of potential donors is smaller. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort review of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network of Organ Sharing registry from May 2005 to March 2017 for adult candidates on the waiting list for first-time isolated lung transplantation. Demographic data were compiled and described, and 1:1 nearest-neighbor propensity score matching was used to adjust for age and Lung Allocation Score at listing. RESULTS A total of 26,396 candidates met inclusion criteria: 14,329 type non-O and candidates and 12,068 type O candidates. After matching, 11,951 candidates were included in each group. Of these, 77.0% of type non-O underwent lung transplantation vs 73.1% type O (p CONCLUSIONS Type O candidates experience lower rates of transplantation and higher rates of waiting list mortality compared with matched type non-O candidates. Further evaluation of regional sharing of allografts to increase transplantation rates for type O candidates may be warranted to optimize equity in access to transplants.
Enriching Indigenous Ureolytic Bacteria in Coastal Beach Sand

In this study, a series of enrichment tests were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of two enriching media on the indigenous ureolytic bacteria in Hawaiian coastal beach sand. Sand collected from the intertidal zone of the Kailua Beach was used in the study, which was subjected to the erosion action of wave and tide periodically. Two media applied were YE (yeast extract only) and YEU medium (yeast extract with urea). Shaking incubation test was conducted up to 72 h to stimulate the indigenous ureolytic bacteria. The pH, ammonium concentration, ureolytic activity, and viable bacterial colony number of the enriched bacterial solution were measured at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively. Results show that the primary stimulation occurred within the first 48 h. The concentration of ammonium ions and ureolytic activity were significantly increased and the viable bacterial colony number was slightly decreased at the end of the enrichment. These observations indicate that the ureolytic bacteria resided in the intertidal zone can be enriched effectively.
The δ18O of primary and secondary waters in hydrous volcanic glass

Abstract We present analyses of phyllosilicates, volcanic glass, and a series of experiments and observations on the δ18O of water extracted by rapid thermal pyrolysis at 1450 °C using the TCEA (Thermal Conversion Elemental Analyzer). The study includes the same hydrous glasses that were previously analyzed for their δD values of extracted water (Seligman et al., 2016). We utilize natural phyllosilicates (where water is present as OH– only), natural magmatic and experimentally quenched glasses, (in which water occurs as H2Om and OH−), and glasses that underwent low-temperature secondary hydration by meteoric water (almost completely as H2Om). Our study documents that: 1) thermal extraction and simultaneous pyrolysis of H2Ot into CO and H2 produces little or no exchange (
Anchor-based routing protocol with dynamic clustering for Internet of Things WSNs

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have many applications in climate monitoring, fire detection, smart homes, and smart cities, as well as detecting and monitoring dynamic, spatio-temporal events such as storms, traffic, and animal movement. WSNs are an important component of the Internet of Things (IoT), and they play an important role in monitoring and collecting surrounding context and reporting the sensed data. In this paper, we consider a WSN deployed to monitor spatio-temporal events and a mobile sink which acts as the gateway between the IoT and the WSN. Data gathering is a challenging problem in WSNs and IoT since the algorithms have to be energy-efficient and the information has to be available to the end user in a timely manner and without redundancies. In this paper, we propose an improvement of the reactive, anchor-based routing protocol with constrained flooding and dynamic clustering from Aranzazu-Suescun and Cardei (Spatio-temporal event detection and reporting in mobile-sink wireless sensors networks, 2017). We propose a new event-based clustering mechanism and a new dynamic clustering technique. This improvement results in reduced energy consumption and a higher number of packets processed successfully by the sink compared to Aranzazu-Suescun and Cardei (Spatio-temporal event detection and reporting in mobile-sink wireless sensors networks, 2017). Data collected by the mobile sink are shared to the end users through the IoT infrastructure. We conducted simulations using WSNet, an event-driven simulator for WSNs. We measured various performance metrics, such as the average residual energy, the number of active clusters, and the percentage of events processed successfully by the sink.
Urohidrosis and tarsal color in Cathartes vultures (Aves: Cathartidae)

Abstract Heat-stressed New World vultures (Cathartidae) practice urohidrosis by excreting urate-rich urine on their tarsi and feet to decrease body temperature through evaporative cooling. Soft par...
Optimal Therapy for Barrett High Grade Dysplasia

The management of Barrett’s esophagus with high-grade dysplasia has undergone an evolution from prophylactic esophagectomy to an organ sparing approach based on endoscopic therapies that have emerged over the recent years. Esophagectomy is now reserved only for selected cases of patients with high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma in Barrett’s esophagus. This chapter outlines terminology, the appropriate assessment, the management strategy, and the options of therapy for patients with Barrett’s esophagus with high-grade dysplasia.
Beyond the Livelong Workday: Is There a New Face of Retirement?

It is often said that the baby boom cohort has changed every institution that it has confronted across the life course, from hospitals during the boom years, to schools that had to expand to accommodate them, to different ideas about marriage, family, and work (Achenbaum, The Gerontologist 52:283–287, 2012; Hughes ME, O’Rand AM, The lives and times of the baby boomers. In Carnevale E, et al. (eds), The American people: Census 2000. Russell Sage Foundation, New York, p 1–32, 2004). Generally, it is thought that in one way or another this cohort will change the face of retirement. As a cohort, the baby boom is widely considered to be more interested in growth and development than in satisfaction and security, as were the cohorts that preceded them (Lesthaeghe, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:18112–18115, 2014). They are also still seen as “the me generation” (Hughes ME, O’Rand AM, The lives and times of the baby boomers. In Carnevale E, et al. (eds), The American people: Census 2000. Russell Sage Foundation, New York, p 1–32, 2004). Since the front row of this age group is well into the conventional retirement years, here we ask—how much are they changing the work and retirement scene? Is theirs just a new retirement with more years added? Or are they actively creating a retirement very different from the cohort that preceded them? This chapter addresses these questions. Generally, findings reveal that ideas about retirement have been changing for some time, but that the baby boom cohort is definitely working longer, and differently, than previous cohorts. We discuss these trends and also present strategies for making it possible for greater numbers of older adults to use the retirement years for the betterment of society and retired individuals.
Broccoli, cabbage, squash and watermelon response to halosulfuron preplant over plastic mulch

Nutsedge species are problematic in plastic-mulched vegetable production because of the weed's rapid reproduction and ability to penetrate the mulch. Vegetable growers rely heavily on halosulfuron to manage nutsedge species; however, the herbicide cannot be applied over mulch before vegetable transplanting due to potential crop injury. This can be problematic when multiple crops are produced on a single mulch installation. Field experiments were conducted to determine the response of broccoli, cabbage, squash, and watermelon to halosulfuron applied on top of mulch prior to transplanting. Halosulfuron at 80 g ai ha–¹ was applied 21, 14, 7, and 1 d before planting (DBP), and 160 g ai ha–¹ was applied 21 DBP. In all experiments, extending the interval between halosulfuron application and planting reduced crop injury. For squash and watermelon, visual injury, plant diameters/vine runner lengths, marketable fruit weights, and postharvest plant biomass resulted in similar values when applying 80 g ha–¹ 21 DBP and with the nontreated weed-free control. Reducing this interval increased injury for both crops. Visual crop injury and yield reductions up to 40% occurred, with halosulfuron applied 14, 7, or 1 DBP in squash and 1 DBP in watermelon. Broccoli and cabbage showed greater sensitivity, with injury and plant diameter reductions greater than 15%, even with halosulfuron applied at 80 g ha–¹ 21 DBP. Experimental results confirm that halosulfuron binds to plastic mulch, remains active, and is slowly released from the mulch over a substantial period, during rainfall or overhead irrigation events. Extending the plant-back interval to at least 21 d before transplanting did overcome squash and watermelon injury concerns with halosulfuron at 80 g ha–¹, but not broccoli and cabbage. Applying halosulfuron over mulch to control emerged nutsedge before planting squash and watermelon would be beneficial if adequate rainfall or irrigation and appropriate intervals between application and planting are implemented. Nomenclature: Halosulfuron; purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L.; yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L.; broccoli, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L. ‘Emerald crown'; cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. ‘Cheers'; squash, Cucurbita pepo L. ‘Enterprise'; watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai ‘Sangria'
Sharing stories: An exploration of genres in storytimes:

Exposure to a variety of stories can support many early literacy skills for young children. Using video recordings from a previous study that examined early literacy in public library storytimes, t...
Abstract A80: The effects of CCL3 on dendritic cell migration and immune cell activation

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains uniformly lethal and current therapy is ineffective and incapacitating. Standard therapies are limited by nonspecific toxicity, and the median overall survival for patients with GBM remains Citation Format: Teilo H. Schaller, Kristen A. Batich, Kelly Hotchkiss, Xiuyu Cui, Luis Sanchez-Perez, John H. Sampson. The effects of CCL3 on dendritic cell migration and immune cell activation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A80.
Machine Learning Outperforms Logistic Regression Analysis to Predict Next-Season NHL Player Injury: An Analysis of 2322 Players From 2007 to 2017:

Background:The opportunity to quantitatively predict next-season injury risk in the National Hockey League (NHL) has become a reality with the advent of advanced computational processors and machin...
Three-dimensional evaluation of microvascular networks using contrast-enhanced ultrasound and microbubble tracking

Evaluating tumor microvascular networks with use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging and one-dimensional (1D) linear array transducers have inherit limitations as tumors exist in volume space. The use of a mechanical sweep allows users to overcome this limitation. To that end, we have developed a new method by which a 1D linear array transducer can be mechanically scanned over a region-of-interest to capture a volume of data allowing for the evaluation of microvasculature structures in 3D space. After intravascular injection of a microbubble (MB) contrast agent into a developing chicken embryo, a sequence of CEUS images were acquired using a Vevo 3100 scanner (VisualSonics Inc) and taken at multiple tissue cross-sections. The CEUS images were processed with a singular value filter (SVF) to help remove any clutter signal. MB localization was performed, and frame-to-frame MB movement was analyzed to produce spatial maps depicting blood flow and velocity at each tissue cross-section. Reconstruction of all images allowed visualization of microvascular networks and blood velocity distribution in volume space.
Testing Clinical Intuitions About Barriers to Improvement in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder.

Abstract Although clinical intuitions influence psychotherapeutic practice and are a rich source of novel hypotheses for research, many remain to be empirically tested. This study evaluates whether clinicians’ beliefs about barriers to progress in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for panic disorder are supported by data. Data from a randomized-controlled trial comparing CBT to panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy (PFPP) for adults with primary panic disorder (N = 161) were used to evaluate 15 factors endorsed by clinicians as impediments to CBT in a recent survey. Panic severity was assessed before, during (at Weeks 1, 5, and 9), and at termination of treatment (Week 12) using the Panic Disorder Severity Scale. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that none of the perceived barriers were predictive of poor outcome. Contrary to clinicians’ intuitions, dissociation during panic attacks was associated with greater symptomatic improvement in both treatment arms (β = −0.69, p
From Screening to Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

Introduction:Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a devastating malignancy, associated with a grim prognosis, due to its silent presentation and lack of diagnostic tests. In addition, treatment options are limited to few agents, such as 5-FU, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. Methods: We performed a literature search for relevant published clinical trials, abstracts of trials in progress and ongoing or planned trials for the treatment of APC using Pubmed.com, ClinicalTrials.gov and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) abstract search as sources. We present an in-depth analysis of the phase I-III clinical trials determining the role and efficacy of different modalities. We also describe rationale for future investigation. Discussion: Despite advances in first-line and second-line therapies for APC, median OS remains short of a year. We need collaborative efforts between the cooperative groups, institutions, community practices and industry to work together in enrolling these patients in clinical trials. In addition to use new technologies, such as organoids, we must pay attention to the palliative aspect of care for these patients from the beginning including nutritionist, social worker and supportive care health providers to assist with goals of care, symptom management and end of life discussions.
Maritime Courts in the Middle Kingdom: China's Great Leap Seaward

The article begins with a review of the legislation which established the courts. From there, the article reviews the organization of the courts and discusses a number of their recent decisions. The article next examines the relationship between these new courts and the long-established Maritime Arbitration Commission (MAC) in Beijing. Finally, the article speculates on the likely future of these courts.
The Dangers of Risk Prediction in the Criminal Justice System

Courts across the United States are using computer software to predict whether a person will commit a crime, the results of which are incorporated into bail and sentencing decisions. It is imperative that such tools be accurate and fair, but critics have charged that the software can be racially biased, favoring white defendants over Black defendants. We evaluate the claim that computer software is more accurate and fairer than people tasked with making similar decisions. We also evaluate, and explain, the presence of racial bias in these predictive algorithms.
Shake table testing of perforated steel plate shear wall having light gauge bolted infill panels

Abstract This paper presents the results of an exploratory study performed to examine the potential of using bolted connections between perforated infill panels and the boundary elements of steel plate shear walls. Perforated infill panels have the advantage over solid infills in that these panels can be detailed to minimize the forces imposed to the panel connections and surrounding boundary members. Furthermore, addition of perforations will accommodate the use of thicker perforated infill panels where solid infill thinner panels may not be practical. For such applications, bolted connections can be used to improve the replaceability of the web panels after a strong earthquake to facilitate rapid repairability. Hence, the combination of bolted connections with perforated infill panels could lead to an overall effective design solution for steel plate shear walls. This paper presents the results of a shake table test program on one-third scale three-story specimens as a proof of concept on the use of bolted perforated infill panels. The experimental results are compared to those obtained with conventional solid infill panels welded to the boundary elements. The results demonstrated that perforated SPSWs with slip-resistant bolted infill panels of thin cold-formed steel can provide a hysteretic behavior and seismic performance comparable to SPSWs having with conventional solid infill panels with welded connections.
Modeling surface soil and phosphorus transport using DSSAT models

Computer simulation models are regarded as important tools to address concerns about the environmental impact of agricultural activities and have increasingly been used to complement field research. The CERES-Maize and CROPGRO-Soybean, two of the main crop growth models incorporated into the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT), were developed to simulate the effects of environmental conditions, different management strategies, and genetics on crop growth and development. These models currently do not have an option for calculating erosion and phosphorus (P) dynamics. In this study, the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) and sediment-bound P model were incorporated into CERES-Maize and CROPGRO-Soybean models. The evapotranspiration component of the CERES-Maize model was also evaluated to test the ability of the model to simulate the effects of shelterbelts on com transpiration. Two years of sap flow data collected from corn plants in a sheltered (3H) and unsheltered (25H) areas in a field near Ogden, Iowa, were used for model testing. Results showed that the CERES-Maize model simulated daily plant transpiration well in both sheltered and unsheltered areas with RMSE of 0.53 mm d"1 (3H) and 0.75 mm (25H) in 2001, and 0.85 mm d"1 (3H) and 0.59 mm d"1 (25H) in 2002. Average coefficient of determination (r2) for 2001 and 2002 was 0.90 and 0.73, respectively, indicating good correlation between simulated and observed transpiration. After erosion and sediment-bound P subroutines were incorporated into CERES-Maize and CROPGRO-Soybean, the models were calibrated and tested using five years of data collected from two field sites in a watershed in Tama County, Iowa. Results showed that generally both models tended to over or underpredict daily sediment and sediment bound P losses from
The “Arteries and Veins” of the Imperial Body: The Nature of the Relay and Post Station Systems in the Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644

The “arteries and veins” of the Ming Empire were the relay (驛 yi) and post station (急遞鋪 jidipu) systems, two networks that worked together to circulate people, information, and goods throughout the realm. The relay system was an infrastructure of stations, horses, carts, and other facilities provided at government expense for the transportation, accommodation, and provision of a select group of imperial officials, tribute-bearing foreign envoys, and messengers from other government offices on their journeys to the capital. The express post station network with its foot posts and mail handling procedures was the communications system of the Ming Empire. Together, the two systems helped the state consolidate control over the empire, allowed the emperor to manage his officials, supported the conduct of diplomatic relations, and facilitated the movement of people, goods, and information across the empire.
How Generic is a Generic Black End? Using MLRISC as a Black End for the TIL Compiler

We describe the integration of MLRISC, a “generic” compiler back end, with TIL, a type-directed compiler for Standard ML. The TIL run-time system uses a form of type information to enable partially tag-free garbage collection. We show how we propagate this information through the final phases of the compiler, even though the back end is unaware of the existence of this information. Additionally, we identify the characteristics of MLRISC that enable us to use it with TIL and suggest ways in which it might better support our compiler. Preliminary performance measurements show that we pay a significant cost for using MLRISC, relative to a custom back end.
A Review of “Geography in America's Schools, Libraries, and Homes”: Donald C. Dahmann Washington, D.C.: National Council for Geographic Education, 2010. 219 pages. Hardcover ($75.00). ISBN: 13: 9780981832401.

In his introduction to this comprehensive annotated bibliography of (essentially) nineteenth century books, atlases, globes, and manuals, Dahmann invites the reader to discover (or perhaps rediscov...
American Indian Education: Counternarratives in Racism, Struggle, and the Law

1.Commodifying Indian Students and Sport Mascots: The Lake Matchimanitou Warriors 2. Burying Indian Histories in the Curriculum: The American History Teacher 3.Criminal Injustice and Demonizing Indian Students: The American Indian Student 4.Intergenerational Character of Indian Experiences in Education: Niko Roberts on the Ice 5.Indian Academic Fraud: The Terrible Tribe 6.Indian Literary Fraud: Vann Logan's Novel 7. Indian Cultural Restoration: Toledo Marks' Return 8. Indian Political Resurgence and Affirmative Action: The Lake Matchimanitou Indian School
Liquid ion exchangers in paper chromatography of steroidal glucosiduronic acids, glucosiduronic esters and free steroids. Influence of concentration of exchanger and counterion.

Abstract The chromatographic mobility of steroidal glucosiduronic acids on paper in chloroform-formamide increases as the concentration of ion exchanger in the chloroform phase increases; mobility decreases as the concentration of counterior in formamide increases. Mobility of glucosiduronic esters and of hydroxylated free steroids increases with an increase in concentration of exchanger; small changes in concentration of counterion in the stationary phase do not alter the migration of these nonionizable compounds. Data are presented which suggest that partition of the glucosiduronic acids between the two phases occurs predominantly by an ion-exchange process and that hydrogen bonding plays a secondary role. Partition of the glucosiduronic esters and hydroxylated free steroids appears to occur primarily by a hydrogen-bonding process.
Testosterone administration suppresses adiponectin levels in men

Testosterone (T) administration to men increases lean body mass and decreases fat mass. Adiponectin is produced by adipocytes and is thought to influence insulin sensitivity. In this study, we sought to determine whether experimental alterations in serum T change adiponectin levels in normal men. We measured adiponectin levels in 28 healthy men ages 18-35 years before and during treatment with a potent gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH) antagonist, acyline. Decreased T levels led to increased serum adiponectin within 7 days; maximal adiponectin levels were reached on day 21 (baseline 8.6 +/- 0.9 compared with 12.2 +/- 1.0 microg/mL on day 21, P <.05) and persisted through day 30, despite no significant changes in body mass index (BMI) and an increase in leptin. The addition of T to acyline, maintaining serum T levels within the normal range, prevented the increase in adiponectin following acyline alone. In a second study, 25 men aged 55-85 years were treated with 3 weeks of high-dose T (testosterone enanthate [TE], 600 mg/wk intramuscularly). With high serum T levels, adiponectin levels decreased significantly by day 21 of treatment (baseline 14.3 +/- 1.9 compared with 10.8 +/- 1.5 microg/mL, P <.05 vs baseline and placebo), BMI slightly increased, and leptin levels were decreased. We conclude that adiponectin levels increase within days of experimental T deficiency in normal men, and the increase in adiponectin is prevented by T replacement. Furthermore, supraphysiologic T administration results in decreased adiponectin levels. Our data support the hypothesis that T, its metabolites, or both directly suppress adipocyte production of adiponectin.
Solar Wind and Interplanetary Magnetic Field: A Tutorial

The convection layer completes the transport of energy from the nuclear furnace at the center of the sun to its radiation into space by the photosphere, but most importantly for the solar wind it sets the temporal and spatial scales for the structure of the coronal magnetic field that in turn controls the properties of the solar wind. In this tutorial review we examine the properties of the fields and particles that constitute the solar wind and ultimately affect space weather and the underlying physical processes. In particular we discuss the role of the coronal magnetic field; the effect of the rotation of the sun; and the properties of the principal solar wind disturbance at 1 Astronomical Unit, the interplanetary coronal mass ejection.