cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Primary Substituted Hydrocarbons onto Solid Gallium Substrates

Adsorption of a series of primary substituted hydrocarbons (RX; C18H37PO(OH)2 (ODPA), C17H35COOH, C18H37OH, C18H37NH2, and C18H37SH) onto solid gallium substrates with and without UV/ozone treatment was studied using contact angle goniometry, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). UV/ozone treatment offered a hydrophilic surface (water contact angle (θwater) less than 10°), reflecting the formation of a surface oxide layer with the maximum thickness of ca. 1 nm and possibly the removal of surface contaminants. Upon immersion in a toluene solution of a RX, θwater increased due to adsorption of the RX onto gallium substrates. In particular, UV/ozone-treated gallium substrates (UV–Ga) immersed in an ODPA solution exhibited θwater close to 105°. The ellipsometric thickness of the adsorbed ODPA layer was ca. 2.4 nm, and CV data measured in an acetonitrile solution showed significant inhibition of redox reaction on the substrate surface. These results indicate the formation of a densely packed...
Outcomes Following the Conservative Management of Patients With Non-Radicular Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Study design: Prospective cohort. Introduction: There is limited evidence for conservative management of patients with non-radicular peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP). Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of a comprehensive treatment approach on pain and disability in patients with noneradicular PNP and to determine if improvements are maintained following the discontinuation of therapy. Methods: Patients received a multi-modal therapeutic intervention. Outcome measures were the shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (QDASH), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and grip strength. Follow-up data were collected 5 � 2 months post-discharge. Results: There was a significant improvement in the QDASH and mean pain (p .13). Follow-up data suggest that pain and disability scores are maintained (p < .001). Conclusion: A comprehensive, conservative treatment program has a positive and lasting effect on pain and disability scores in patients with non-radicular PNP. Level of evidence: IIIa
Active transient voltage compensator for VR transient improvement at high slew rate load

To meet the stringent transient response requirements of voltage regulator under high slew rate load current while keeping high efficiency, this paper proposes a new topology, active transient voltage compensator (ATVC). ATVC only engages in transient periods operating in several MHz and main voltage regulator (VR) operates in low switching frequency for better efficiency. ATVC injects very high slew rate current in step up load and recovers energy in step down load. With introduction of a transformer, ATVC strongly reduces its conduction and switching loss. Also, the new topology reduces the count of VR bulk capacitors while keeping same output impedance. Pspice simulation results are given to verify theoretical analysis.
Using a Fast-Scanning Electrical Nanoparticle Sizer to Characterize Nanoparticles from Laser Ablation

A Fast-Scanning Electrical Nanoparticle Sizer (FSENS) consisting of a Po^210 bipolar charger, a Nano-DMA, and an aerosol electrometer was used to characterize nanoparticles generated by laser ablating the surfaces of cement, chromium-embedded cement, stainless steel, and alumina samples. Different from previous studies, bimodal size distributions, with the nucleation mode having a geometric mean diameter ranging from 5.7-6.6 nm and a geometric standard deviation varying from 1.225-1.379, were observed for all the experimental runs. The curve fitting shows that the bimodal size distribution produced in the laser ablation can be best fitted by a lognormal distribution for the nucleation mode and a Rosin-Rammler distribution for the coagulation mode. At steady state the geometric mean diameter of the coagulation mode was affected by the laser wavelength and target material, but was less influenced by laser energy for a given wavelength. The total particle number concentrations of the two modes appear to be parabolic with respect to the laser fluence. At a given fluence, the stainless-steel sample produced the highest particle number concentration with 532- and 1064-nm lasers; the alumina sample produced the lowest particle number concentration with 266- and 1064-nm lasers. The chromium-embedded cement sample produced fewer particles with 532- and 1064 nm lasers than the pure cement sample. This study also demonstrated that FSENS can provide snapshots of the nanoparticle dynamics during laser ablation in cases of low laser fluence.
A Dynamic Technique for Power System Oscillations Monitoring

This paper presents a novel technique for analyzing the poorly damped low frequency oscillations in power system dynamic swings. The proposed technique is an application of a discrete dynamic estimator based on stochastic estimation theory, which is suitable for estimating parameters on-line. The method uses digital set of measurement for power system dynamic swings to perform the analysis process digitally. The goal is to estimate the amount of damping in the swing curve as well as the oscillation frequency. The problem is formulated and presented as a stochastic dynamic estimation problem. The proposed technique is used to perform the estimation process. The algorithm is tested using different study cases. Results are evaluated and compared to other conventional methods results to show the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method.
Directive Evidence for the Creation of Micropores in UV-Irradiated Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)

Abstract : Films of Poly-Methyl Methacrylate including azobenzene were prepared by casting polymer solutions containing the probe or by exposing pre-irradiation films to the vapor of azobenzene. Under similar conditions, films which had been irradiated imbided more azobenzene than annealed, unirradiated films or irradiated films which had been annealed above glass transition temperature. These materials were irradiated at 335 nanometers and the amount of trans azobenzene which had been formed was monitored spectrophotometrically. The largest amount of photoisomerization was observed for the pre-irradiated samples which has been penetrated by azobenzene from the vapor, indicating that the created free volume allowed the isomerization to proceed more easily. (JG)
A statistical model of ionospheric signals in low-frequency SAR data

This paper focuses on deriving a realistic statistical model for ionospheric effects in low-frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The approach used to develop this statistical model is based on the assumption that, for a certain range of scales, ionospheric plasma turbulence can be considered a scale-invariant process that can be described by power-law functions or fractal statistics. Based on the parameters of a power law model, covariance functions and ionospheric variance-covariance matrices are derived. An ionospheric phase statistics simulator (IP-STATS) is presented that is capable of calculating a variety of statistical descriptors and is able to predict representative ionospheric phase screens. To demonstrate its functionality and performance, the IP-STATS system is used to derive statistical models for a 10 year time series of L-band SAR data over the area of Alaska. The developed theory has potential applications in statistical modeling of SAR data, sensitivity analysis of spaceborne SAR systems, and signal simulation. IP-STATS may also be a useful tool in mission design especially in selecting favorable system center frequencies and orbit parameters.
The Experimental Study of Physical Mechanisms

This paper is concerned with the dual problem of generating and analyzing data in experimental investigations in which the goal is to develop a suitable mechanistic model. The problem is first distinguished from that of response surface methodology. With regard to the analysis of data, topics that are discussed include the behavior of estimated constants with an inadequate model, a diagnostic technique for modelbuilding, and the importance of visual scrutiny of data. With regard to the generation of data, the concept of placing a model in jeopardy is discussed. Designs for model discrimination and for parameter estimation are considered.
Self-Efficacy and Latina Leaders in Higher Education.

In 2008, minorities represented only 16% of all senior administrators at institutions of higher learning and very few Hispanic women have made it to the “executive suites” of academia (Bridges et a...
Mercury and methylmercury cycling in sediments of the mid‐Atlantic continental shelf and slope

We present a detailed study of the biogeochemical factors controlling mercury (Hg) distribution, methylmercury (MeHg) production, and MeHg efflux in sediments of the mid-Atlantic continental shelf and slope. The mildly reduced surface sediments of the shelf and slope provide ideal conditions for MeHg production. They are sufficiently reduced to support microbial sulfate reduction, but contain very low dissolved sulfide concentrations. The redox zonation of sediments determined the depth distribution of MeHg production, whereas the bioavailability of inorganic Hg for methylation appeared to be the dominant driver of spatial patterns across the shelf and slope. Sediment total Hg concentrations were well predicted by sediment organic matter (SOM) content, with the highest concentrations of Hg and MeHg in the fine-grained organic clays of the slope. However, SOM-normalized Hg concentrations decreased with distance from shore. The changing character of organic matter with distance from shore appeared to affect Hg partitioning and bioavailability for methylation. The percentage of Hg in sediments as MeHg was well predicted by measured methylation rates, but not by demethylation rates. On the basis of measured concentrations in bottom waters and surficial pore waters, the average diffusive efflux of Hg(II) and MeHg from sediments to coastal waters was estimated to be 26 and 0.8 pmol m -2 d -1 , respectively. Extrapolated globally, the diffusive input of MeHg from shelf and slope sediments is estimated to be 0.01 Mmol per year. As the actual fluxes can be substantially higher than diffusive fluxes, we suggest that shelf and upper slope sediments are a major source of MeHg to the coastal ocean.
Ab initio calculations on large molecules using molecular fragments. SCF-MO-CI Studies on low-lying singlet and triplet states of pyrazine

Wave functions for the ground state and low-lying 1,3(n→*) and 1,3(π→π*) excited states of pyrazine are obtained from a configuration interaction procedure based on molecular orbitals from a ground-state SCF calculation. A detailed comparison is made between the present results and both experimental data and more extensive calculations, indicating that the qualitative ordering of excited states predicted here is substantially correct. Expansion coefficients of the principal configurations for most excited states resemble closely those of more accurate calculations, and for excited states where Franck-Condon transition energies are known, a linear relationship between experimental and computed transition energy values is obtained. These observations, as well as the favorable computational characteristics of the molecular fragment approach, indicate that the techniques used on pyrazine are well suited for studies of the spectra of large molecules.
Si doping effects on the electrical and structural properties of high Al composition AlxGa1−xN films grown by MOCVD

We analyzed the electrical and structural properties of 200 nm thick AlxGa1−xN:Si samples, grown at 1150 °C on 1 μm thick Al0.62Ga0.38N-on-sapphire buffer layers. The electrical activity of Si donors was found to decrease with increasing Al composition in the films. A large improvement in the Si electrical activity was achieved on 100 nm thick Al0.65Ga0.35N films grown at 920 °C using In–Si codoping. These samples exhibited n-type carrier concentrations as high as n = 2.5 × 1019 cm−3. High resolution X-ray analysis of Al0.49Ga0.51N films grown at 1150 °C with different Si doping levels revealed that Si doping promoted the strain relaxation of the Al0.49Ga0.51N films with respect to the buffer layers. Si doping also induced increased surface roughness, through pit formation, as evaluated by atomic force microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy images linked the strain relaxation of the Al0.49Ga0.51N layers to the inclination of edge threading dislocations in the film. (© 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The November 1999 High Maturity Workshop

Abstract : A workshop for high maturity organizations was held on November 16-18, 1999, at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) in Pittsburgh. The purpose of this workshop was to better Understand practices that characterize Level 4 and 5 organizations. Topics of discussion included both practices described in the CMM and other practices that have a significant impact in mature organizations. Two themes were anticipated to be important to the workshop participants: statistical process control for software and the reliability and credibility of Level 4 and 5 assessments. Additional topics were solicited from the participants on CMM integration, measurement, technology, human issues, and quality assurance. This report contains brief summaries of the high maturity organizations participating in the workshop and the various working group reports.
Spatial neglect and attention networks

Unilateral spatial neglect is a common neurological syndrome following predominantly right hemisphere injuries and is characterized by both spatial and non-spatial deficits. Core spatial deficits involve mechanisms for saliency coding, spatial attention, and short-term memory and occur in conjunction with nonspatial deficits that involve reorienting, target detection, and arousal/vigilance. We argue that neglect is better explained by the dysfunction of distributed cortical networks for the control of attention than by structural damage of specific brain regions. Ventral lesions in right parietal, temporal, and frontal cortex that cause neglect directly impair nonspatial functions partly mediated by a ventral frontoparietal attention network. Structural damage in ventral cortex also induces physiological abnormalities of task-evoked activity and functional connectivity in a dorsal frontoparietal network that controls spatial attention. The anatomy and right hemisphere dominance of neglect follow from the anatomy and laterality of the ventral regions that interact with the dorsal attention network.
Dispute Initiation and Alliance Obligations in Regional Economic Institutions

States increasingly incorporate alliance obligations into the design of multilateral trade agreements to deter aggression. Regional economic institutions (REIs) are such an example. This policy activity raises the question of whether REI military alliance obligations send signals and function as institutional constraints that deter aggression. Hypotheses regarding the influence of (1) shared REI military alliance obligations on dispute initiation and (2) REI military alliance obligations on whether a potential challenger will initiate a militarized dispute against a potential target are tested. African REIs, states, and their dispute initiations from 1950 to 2000 compose the sample. Logit analysis of time-series, cross-section data is the method employed. African REI military alliances are an example of African international relations' exceptionalism and innovation in institutional design. Findings suggest African REI military alliance obligations reduce the propensity for aggression between member-states and reduce the likelihood that a potential challenger will attack a potential target and a potential target will be the object of attack. The evidence in this article indicates that such commitments reduce dispute initiation among African states.
Research, teaching, and service: the miniconference as a model for CS graduate seminar courses

Rarely are the three pillars of academia---research, teaching, and service---addressed together, within one intellectually cohesive context in the graduate curriculum. Such a context is important for exposing students to the inter-relationships among these facets.This paper presents our experience with structuring graduate research seminar courses around the model of a "miniconference". Throughout the quarter, students pursue original research projects in the discipline of the seminar course. At the end of the quarter, students write their findings as technical conference papers, then act as the miniconference program committee in reviewing each other's submissions. Finally, the selected papers are presented at the miniconference. In addition to the model itself, we describe some variations in instantiation and an assessment of the benefits of this general approach.
Polysomnographic respiratory abnormalities in asymptomatic individuals.

OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA-HYPOPNEA SYNDROME (OSAHS) IS COMMON,1–4 INCREASES WITH ADVANCED AGE,4 IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF EXCESSIVE DAYTIME sleepiness,3,5 is associated with serious cardiovascular events,6–8 and is a considerable cost to our healthcare system.9 In our research group, as part of a study on aging, it was necessary to recruit healthy young and elderly individuals. These volunteers underwent extensive health screening. The most expensive screening test was a clinical polysomnography, so this was performed last and in only those volunteers who passed all other tests. We were surprised that the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among the elderly volunteers in this group of currently completely healthy individuals was larger than in any other reported study. We assumed that the recent developments of more-sensitive measurement techniques10 and scoring criteria11 could explain our observations. Thus, the aims of the current study were to (1) report the frequency of respiratory disturbances during sleep in otherwise completely healthy individuals measured in a typical clinical sleep laboratory accredited by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine while using current measurement techniques and recently established scoring criteria and (2) report how the frequency of respiratory disturbances during sleep changes with age and sex in these asymptomatic individuals.
Theory Development in Enterprise Systems and Organizational Learning

Despite the wide-spread attention focused on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems by both researchers and practitioners, there remain gaps in understanding their implementation and impacts. The majority of ERP research concerns either critical success factors or ERP effects. Very little has been done with regard to the relationship between ERP and organizational learning (OL). Much of the existing literature in this area focuses on learning during system implementation with a small amount of additional literature focusing on learning resulting from or connected to ERP use. The work of integrating research on ERP implementation and post-implementation effects is begun by identifying the use of OL as a lens for understanding these two phenomena. The paper makes two unique contributions to the existing literature. First, a case is built for ERP support of OL by emphasizing ERP decision-support capabilities. Second, a set of existing theoretical constructs is put forward as a possible basis for investig...
Development of a solid hexahedron finite dynamic element

This paper presents the pertinent details of a newly developed solid rectangular hexahedron finite dynamic element, involving the derivation of the higher order stiffness and inertia dynamic correction matrices. Numerical results of a test case are also presented which indicate that adoption of the dynamic elements significantly improves the solution convergence, when compared with the related performance of the corresponding finite elements.
Chemical Composition and Potential Environmental Impacts of Water-Soluble Polar Crude Oil Components Inferred from ESI FT-ICR MS

Polar petroleum components enter marine environments through oil spills and natural seepages each year. Lately, they are receiving increased attention due to their potential toxicity to marine organisms and persistence in the environment. We conducted a laboratory experiment and employed state-of-the-art Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) to characterize the polar petroleum components within two operationally-defined seawater fractions: the water-soluble fraction (WSF), which includes only water-soluble molecules, and the water-accommodated fraction (WAF), which includes WSF and microscopic oil droplets. Our results show that compounds with higher heteroatom (N, S, O) to carbon ratios (NSO:C) than the parent oil were selectively partitioned into seawater in both fractions, reflecting the influence of polarity on aqueous solubility. WAF and WSF were compositionally distinct, with unique distributions of compounds across a range of hydrophobicity. These compositional differences will likely result in disparate impacts on environmental health and organismal toxicity, and thus highlight the need to distinguish between these often-interchangeable terminologies in toxicology studies. We use an empirical model to estimate hydrophobicity character for individual molecules within these complex mixtures and provide an estimate of the potential environmental impacts of different crude oil components.
Petri net based shop floor controller and recovery analysis

The author develops a Petri-net-based shop-floor controller with a modular structure. This structure is made possible through the use of adaptive Petri nets. The controller is then analyzed using the theory of Petri nets. The issue of automatic recovery of the controller from failures is discussed. It is shown that in the presence of conflicts, the recovery scheme depends on the scheduling policies. >
Inferring cellular user demographic information using homophily on call graphs

Homophily refers to the phenomenon where people who are socially-connected share many characteristics including demographic and behavioral properties. The goal of this paper is to see whether homophily exists in call networks and if so, to what degree we can infer a cellphone user's demographic properties by knowing the demographic information of the people that s/he talks to. We focus on three types of demographic information: a) home location, b) age group, and c) income level. The novelty is two-folds. First, we use both communication metrics and structural properties of call graphs to identify those “important” friends for each user with whom (s)he is most likely to be in homophily. Second, we assess the importance of different time slices such as weekdays, or nights and weekends for capturing different user relationships. We conduct our study on a real data trace with 20M subscribers during one month from a nationwide cellular carrier. Our first contribution is that we quantify the extent of homophily on the call graph and identify the correlations between homophily and communication and structural features. As a second contribution, we develop effective methods to infer demographic information for a cellular user using linear regression to select the most homophily-like friend of her/him. We find that we can predict home location within 20km radius with 80% accuracy, and age group and income level with 78% and 72% accuracy, respectively.
Reliable medical recommendation systems with patient privacy

One of the concerns patients have when confronted with a medical condition is which physician to trust. Any recommendation system that seeks to answer this question must ensure that any sensitive medical information collected by the system is properly secured. In this article, we codify these privacy concerns in a privacy-friendly framework and present two architectures that realize it: the Secure Processing Architecture (SPA) and the Anonymous Contributions Architecture (ACA). In SPA, patients submit their ratings in a protected form without revealing any information about their data and the computation of recommendations proceeds over the protected data using secure multiparty computation techniques. In ACA, patients submit their ratings in the clear, but no link between a submission and patient data can be made. We discuss various aspects of both architectures, including techniques for ensuring reliability of computed recommendations and system performance, and provide their comparison.
The Impact of Immigrant Mobilization on Immigration Policy Making

Immigration is one of the most contested and divisive political issues in the United States. Recent research on the determinants of immigration policy has drawn attention to the role of media framing, demographic change, and partisanship (Hopkins 2010, Ramakrishnan and Wong 2010). Existing studies, however, tend to neglect the agency that immigrant communities have in the arena of immigration policymaking. This paper seeks to fill this gap by examining the impact of immigrant mobilization on congressional voting behavior on immigration legislation from 2001-2010. We argue that immigrant mobilization is a key factor in the creation of immigration policy. We hypothesize that immigration policy is less restrictive in areas with higher levels of immigrant mobilization. Using new data on immigrant mobilization at the state and local level, we find some evidence supporting our hypothesis. The analysis shows that immigrant mobilization has uneven effects. In areas with small foreign-born populations, immigrant mobilization is not significantly related to congressional voting on immigration legislation. However, in areas with large, established foreign-born populations, immigration mobilization tends to be more intense and is negatively, significantly related to congressional voting on restrictive immigration legislation.
Did Backdating Options Lead to Firms Systematically Overpaying CEOs

Option backdating is the practice of retroactively setting the grant date of a stock option, allowing effectively “in the money” options to appear as “at the money” options. This practice was prevalent among firms in the 1990s and early 2000s due to the tax advantages of granting “at the money” or “out of the money” options. While many assume that this practice would increase executive compensation, the alternative to backdating options may have been to grant more options. We take a probabilistic approach to identifying option backdating, and present empirical tests for whether firms which backdated options systematically overpaid their CEOs. We find that firms with a greater than 95% probability of having backdated options are associated with a ceteris paribus 88% increase in realized CEO compensation, though our results are only preliminary as we are still working through empirical issues.
Strategies to Address Clinical Bias in the Child Custody Evaluation Process

ABSTRACT Researchers have explored the existence and effects of bias on decision making for decades. Studies indicate that mental health professionals are not immune from unintentional bias in judgments, including those in forensic situations. Custody evaluators should be aware of the pitfalls that exist in clinical decision-making as well as strategies to address them. This article connects existing insights from therapeutic and forensic literature to the field of custody evaluations. An overview of clinical bias in custody evaluation is offered to familiarize practitioners with the range of possible problems. Examples, such as biases inherent in the scientific process and the clinical relationship, are followed with specific recommendations regarding how to address issues of clinical bias during evaluation. Insights are offered for judges and attorneys to improve the quality of reports they receive.
Impaired natural killer activity in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with a deficiency of azurophilic cytoplasmic granules in putative NK cells

This study was undertaken to gain further insight into the severely impaired natural killer (NK) activity we and others have previously observed in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Normal individuals' NK cells are large granular lymphocytes (LGL) that (A) bind to and lyse NK-sensitive cells, including K562, (B) express receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (FcR+ cells), and (C) express cell surface antigens reactive with monoclonal antibodies OKM1, 9.6, and OKT11A. We thus examined lymphocytes depleted of monocytes and B cells, from 6 CLL patients and 6 normal individuals, that were identified on the basis of binding to K562, expressing OKM1, or expressing receptors for the Fc portion of IgG. In the CLL patients studied, lymphocytes that bind to K562 cells, as well as OKM1+ cells isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting, were morphologically similar to LGL of normal individuals, with the exception that more than 75% of the patients' cells were deficient in azurophilic cytoplasmic granules, which typify normal individuals' LGL. Furthermore, although the percentages of the patients' FcR+ cells reactive with OKT11A, 9.6 and OKM1 were very similar to those of normals, the majority of the patients' FcR+ cells were deficient in azurophilic granules and lacked NK activity. These findings indicate that the impaired NK activity in CLL patients is associated with cells that are phenotypically and morphologically NK cells, but which lack azurophilic granules that are thought to play a role in NK-mediated lysis.
The Effect of Task Based Automation for the Control of Unmanned Systems on Operator Performance

Robotic technology will be a vital component of future combat. However, the combination of robotic operational tasks with other traditional military tasks will create high workload peaks during military operations. The objective of this research is to develop and evaluate flexible automation strategies to aid the operator in this complex military environment. In this experiment we evaluated the effect of an automation that was invoked based on task load. Participants conducted a military reconnaissance mission using a simulation that required them to: use an unmanned air vehicle sensor for target detection, monitor an unmanned ground vehicle, and respond to multi-level communications. Participants completed sixteen missions in the environment, during which task load and automation were manipulated. The results of this experiment showed that operator performance did improve when the automation, an aided target recognition for the unmanned air vehicle, was invoked relative to when it was not invoked. Furthe...
INTRA-ISLAND VARIATION IN THE 'ELEPAIO ON THE ISLAND OF HAWAI'I

The 'Elepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis) exhibits great vari- ation in plumage color on the Island of Hawai'i. Analysis of specimens from localities throughout the island reveals that the variation is geographically based, and that three subspecies can be distinguished: C. s. bryani, a pale form found at high elevation on the southwestern slopes of Mauna Kea; C. s. ridgwayi, a dark form found in wet windward forests; and C. s. sandwich- ensis, an intermediate form found in forests of the Kona region. Several zones of primary intergradation and one of possibly secondary intergradation occur, but appear to be narrow. The forms C. s. sclateri of Kaua'i and C. s. gayi of O'ahu exhibit no similar intra-island variation. Variation among the Hawai'i subspecies probably evolved in response to local variation in rainfall, and follows the predictions of Gloger's Rule, but the selective forces involved are obscure. The 'Elepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis) is a monarchine flycatcher that comprises a genus endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. 'Elepaios occur on Kaua'i, O'ahu, and Ha- wai'i, but are enigmatically absent from oth- er seemingly suitable islands. Great plum-
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Detection of Lattice Distortion in Mn + + -Doped II-VI Compounds

Kikuchi and Azarbayejani explained the differences in the crystalline field parameter $a$ and the hyperfine parameter $A$ for ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{++}$-doped ZnTe and CdTe on the basis of a model which assumed lattice distortions caused by the different ionic radii of ${\mathrm{Zn}}^{++}$, ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{++}$, and ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{++}$. Measurements are reported for Mn-doped ZnSe and CdSe which are in agreement with the model. A comparison of the paramagnetic data for ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{++}$ in the zinc and cadmium compounds of tellurium, selenium, and sulfur gives additional confirmation of the model.
Managing Electronic Resource Workflows Using Ticketing System Software

ABSTRACTFor the second installment of the new column Problem Solved!, Kelly Smith explores how libraries have tackled the problem of electronic resource (e-resource) workflow management by implementing ticketing systems in addition to their existing integrated library system (ILS) and electronic resource management (ERM) tools. Most libraries employing ticket tracking to manage e-resources have chosen one of a variety of commercial and open source software designed for customer relations management (CRM). Alternatively, some libraries are developing homegrown systems, or kludging together freely available collaboration software to track issues.
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 33-2011. A 56-year-old man with hypophosphatemia.

A 56-year-old man presented with recurrent bone pain, stress fractures, and hypophosphatemia. A tumor of the jaw had been resected in the past, with resolution of symptoms. Studies of the jaw revealed no recurrent tumor. Diagnostic tests were performed.
AF4 encodes a ubiquitous protein that in both native and MLL-AF4 fusion types localizes to subnuclear compartments

Acute leukemia with t(4;11)(q21,q23) translocation results from the in-frame fusion of the MLL to the AF4/FEL gene. In previous studies, we and others demonstrated that AF4 transcripts are present in a variety of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic human cells. To further study the wild-type and leukemia fusion AF4, we used glutathione S-transferase (GST)-fusion proteins as immunogens to produce rabbit polyclonal antibodies that were specific for normal and chimeric AF4 proteins. Using Western blotting analysis, we demonstrated that the AF4 gene encodes proteins with apparent molecular weight of 125 and 145 kD. A 45-kD protein coprecipitated with AF4 protein in immunoprecipitation. Also, the anticipated MLL-AF4–encoded 240-kD protein was detected in all cell lines with t(4;11) translocations; fusion proteins were present in lesser quantity than the wild-type AF4. The proteins recognized by the antibodies are of the predicted sizes of the AF4 and MLL-AF4–encoded proteins based on previous DNA sequencing analysis. The MLL-AF4 fusion protein had a similar subcellular distribution as AF4. Both t(4;11) and non-t(4;11) leukemic cells showed a similar pattern of punctate nuclear staining in all cell lines tested using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. AF4 antibodies should be useful for further elucidation of the function of AF4 in normal cellular physiology, as well as the function of MLL-AF4 in leukemogenesis. The antibodies should also be helpful for the diagnosis of the MLL-AF4 fusion proteins in t(4;11) leukemias.
Detection of Harmonic Current in Oilfield Power Network Based on Immune Neural Network

The use of power electronic devices had made the oilfield power network's harmonic pollution seriously and endangered the safe operation of power network.But the key problem of harmonic suppression was harmonic detection.The immune algorithm was combined with neural network,and a new type of harmonic current detection method was proposed in power network based on immune neural network.The results of simulation experiments show that this method has the characteristics of high convergence rate and accuracy,and the power network's harmonic current can be detected in real-time.
Sootblowing Prediction Model Based on Time Series Clustering

Ash deposition on heat transfer surfaces is a primary cause of reducing operating efficiency and safety in coal-fired boilers.Among all available means for managing ash deposition,sootblowing is the primary controllable factor in practice.A new time series clustering based method is set forth for predicting when to sootblow.In this method,sootblowing patterns,which represent the characteristics of sootblowing,are picked out by time series clustering from historical data that are preprocessed,then a model is built to predict when to sootblow.The performance of this method on a 900 MW supercritical boiler is good.
In the wake of Hurricane Isabel: a prospective study of postevent trauma and injury control strategies.

Preventing hurricane-related injuries (HRI) has historically centered on the pre-event and event phases of the disaster. To date, no study has focused on injuries occurring during the postevent pha...
Development of Core–Shell Nanostructures by In Situ Assembly of Pyridine-Grafted Diblock Copolymer and Transferrin for Drug Delivery Applications

We previously reported the coassembly of various proteins with poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) to form core–shell nanoparticles (CSNPs). However, P4VP suffers from its cytotoxicity and in vivo toxicity, which prohibit it from many potential biomedical applications. Here, pyridine-grafted diblock copolymer poly(caprolactone-graft-pyridine)-block-poly(caprolactone) [P(CL-g-Py)-b-PCL] was prepared through a combination of ring-opening polymerization and Cu(I) catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction. CSNPs could be readily constructed by the self-assembly of transferrin (Tf) and P(CL-g-Py)-b-PCL, which showed a narrower range of particle sizes, improved stability, and higher loading capacity for anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX), compared with similar particles prepared from the coassembly of Tf and P4VP. Additionally, the drug-loaded Tf/P(CL-g-Py)-b-PCL CSNPs could effectively target MCF7 cancer cells via the binding of Tf to transferrin receptors (TfR).
Periodic Motions to Chaos in Duffing Oscillator

This chapter will present periodic motions in the Duffing oscillator investigated through the mapping structures of discrete implicit maps. The discrete implicit maps will be obtained from the differential equation of the Duffing oscillator. From mapping structures, bifurcation trees of periodic motions in such a nonlinear oscillator will be predicted analytically through nonlinear algebraic equations of implicit maps, and the corresponding stability and bifurcation analysis of periodic motion in the bifurcation trees will be carried out. The bifurcation trees of periodic motions will also be presented through the harmonic amplitudes of the discrete Fourier series. Finally, from the analytical prediction, numerical simulation results of periodic motions will be presented for the verification of the analytical prediction. The harmonic amplitude spectrums will also be presented, and the corresponding analytical expressions of periodic motions can be obtained approximately.
A Health to our Distressed King

King Charles I awoke at 5 a.m. on the morning of his execution and declared to his page, Sir Thomas Herbert, that today would be his second marriage, the first being to his beloved wife, Queen Henrietta Maria, and the second to Jesus Christ, whom Charles had every certainty he was about to meet. The king then famously put on two shirts; it was a bitter-cold January morning and he did not want to shiver lest people think he was scared to die. He then received the Blessed Sacrament from Bishop Juxon, and asserted that he would have no more food or drink that day; the nourishment of Christ was enough. But as the morning wore on Juxon implored the king to eat a piece of bread and drink a glass of wine, lest he should faint from hunger prior to his execution. Charles ate the bread and washed it down with a glass of claret while surrounded by guards at Whitehall, and that, not the Eucharist, was the last thing he had to eat and drink. By mid-afternoon he was dead, his head severed from his body for being “a Tyrant, Traitor, Murtherer, and a Public Enemy,” according to the people who had tried and convicted him.1 And who were they? They were less than one quarter of the members of the House of Commons who had been elected in 1641, who claimed that they—not the king, nor the aristocracy, nor even the other three-quarters of the members of the House of Commons whom they had evicted—represented “the People of England.”
Resolving Structural Dynamics of the SERCA-PLB Complex by Merging MD Simulation and Orientation-Sensitive EPR Measurement

We are using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to resolve the structural dynamics of the membrane protein phospholamban (PLB), a binding inhibitor to the protein pump sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (SERCA). Increase of cytosolic calcium concentration drives cell contraction via the actin-myosin mechanism, while subsequent uptake of calcium into the SR by SERCA allows cell relaxation. Over-inhibition of SERCA by PLB has been correlated with dysfunctional contractility and heart disease, but the structural basis of this mechanism is not fully understood. We combine MD simulation with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to elucidate the structural mechanism of the PLB-SERCA complex. Previously, we have used MD simulation to determine the dynamic model of the spin label, TOAC, rigidly attached to PLB at residues 24, 36, and 46. Based on these results, which provided a bimodal structural model for TOAC at each attachment position, we have refined analysis of EPR measurement to determine PLB's orientation relative to the bilayer normal. We now extend this combined MD and EPR approach to study the structural changes of PLB in the presence and absence of SERCA. Furthermore, we have used EPR measurements on the SERCA-PLB complex to constrain MD simulation of the system, thus extending spatial and temporal resolution of membrane-bound PLB in the presence and absence of SERCA. Computations were carried out at the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute and experiments were performed in the Biophysical Technology Center. This work was funded by grants from NIH to DDT (R01 GM27906 and T32 AR007612).
Signatures of prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF) in cancer

The Ets proteins are a family of transcription factors characterized by an evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding domain and have diverse biological functions including tumor suppressor as well as tumor promoter functions. They are regulated via a complex and diverse number of mechanisms and control key cellular processes. Prostate-derived Ets transcription factor (PDEF), a unique member of the ETS family, is present in tissues with high epithelial content are hormone-regulated, such as prostate, breast, salivary glands, ovaries, colon, airways, and stomach tissues. PDEF (prostate-derived Ets factor) is also referred to as SPDEF (SAM pointed domain containing Ets transcription factor), PSE (mouse homolog), or hPSE (human PSE) in the literature and is the sole member of the PDEF ETS sub-family. The role of PDEF in cancer development is still not fully elucidated though. The present article focuses on the key findings about the PDEF's biological functions, interacting proteins, and its target genes. There is a strong urge to focus on the clinical studies in larger cohort, which elucidate the regulation of PDEF and its target genes, to determine the potential of PDEF as biomarker. Based on the studies discussed in the present article, one can anticipate that PDEF offers a great potential for developing therapeutics against cancer.
A2: Analog Malicious Hardware

While the move to smaller transistors has been a boon for performance it has dramatically increased the cost to fabricate chips using those smaller transistors. This forces the vast majority of chip design companies to trust a third party -- often overseas -- to fabricate their design. To guard against shipping chips with errors (intentional or otherwise) chip design companies rely on post-fabrication testing. Unfortunately, this type of testing leaves the door open to malicious modifications since attackers can craft attack triggers requiring a sequence of unlikely events, which will never be encountered by even the most diligent tester. In this paper, we show how a fabrication-time attacker can leverage analog circuits to create a hardware attack that is small (i.e., requires as little as one gate) and stealthy (i.e., requires an unlikely trigger sequence before effecting a chip's functionality). In the open spaces of an already placed and routed design, we construct a circuit that uses capacitors to siphon charge from nearby wires as they transition between digital values. When the capacitors fully charge, they deploy an attack that forces a victim flip-flop to a desired value. We weaponize this attack into a remotely-controllable privilege escalation by attaching the capacitor to a wire controllable and by selecting a victim flip-flop that holds the privilege bit for our processor. We implement this attack in an OR1200 processor and fabricate a chip. Experimental results show that our attacks work, show that our attacks elude activation by a diverse set of benchmarks, and suggest that our attacks evade known defenses.
Characterization of transcription factor response kinetics in parallel

Transcription factors (TFs) are effectors of cell signaling pathways that regulate gene expression. TF networks are highly interconnected; one signal can lead to changes in many TF levels, and one TF level can be changed by many different signals. TF regulation is central to normal cell function, with altered TF function being implicated in many disease conditions. Thus, measuring TF levels in parallel, and over time, is crucial for understanding the impact of stimuli on regulatory networks and on diseases. Here, we report the parallel analysis of temporal TF level changes due to multiple stimuli in distinct cell types. We have analyzed short-term dynamic changes in the levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and TATA binding protein (TBP), in breast and liver cancer cells after tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and palmitic acid (PA) exposure. In response to both stimuli, NF-kB and CREB levels were increased, Stat3 decreased, and TBP was constant. GR levels were unchanged in response to TNF-α stimulation and increased in response to PA treatment. Our results show significant overlap in signaling initiated by TNF-α and by PA, with the exception that the events leading to PA-mediated cytotoxicity likely also include induction of GR signaling. These results further illuminate the dynamics of TF responses to cytokine and fatty acid exposure, while concomitantly demonstrating the utility of parallel TF measurement approaches in the analysis of biological phenomena.
The enigma of news media development with multi-pronged ‘capture’: The Afghanistan case:

This qualitative study of influences on a purposive sample of Afghan journalists was carried out in the year after the US military mission was declared over. After more than a hundred million dolla...
Thermal challenges in 3-D stacked packaging

Emerging Trends in electronics industry has led to the rapid development of 3-D stacked packaging technology. 3-D packages offer compactness in form factors with significant benefits in performance. The present talk will define key thermal challenges in enabling 3-D stacked packaging technology. Both component-level and system-level challenges will be discussed for the computing platform. Potential research opportunities/directions in the field of heat transfer for 3-D technologies will be presented. Results from on-going heat transfer research on 3-D stacks (P-O-P) at Intel will be presented.
‘Submission’ to the rule of excellence: Ordinary affect and precarious resistance in the labor of organization and management studies:

In an unusually direct style of address, the article moves toward a novel critical practice stimulated by affect theory: inhabited criticism. This more-than-representational approach enacts vigilan...