cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Creating a Clinical Systems Integration Strategy to Drive Improvement

Health care as an industry has lagged behind other industries in leveraging its data for improvement. Nevertheless, exemplary health care organizations have demonstrated substantial improvements for their patients by integrating data across their clinical, operational, and financial systems. We believe that all providers can use their data to drive improvements within the systems in which they practice. Here we explain the strides that Texas Children’s Hospital has taken to improve care through the power of data. The foundation of clinical systems integration is converting the plethora of data acquired during the daily operations of an entire enterprise into analytics for meaningful interpretations of disease spectrums across the enterprise. Texas Children’s Hospital focused on three domains of this foundation: (1) science- and evidence-based practice, (2) quality improvement education and implementation, and (3) data analytics and predictive analytics. As a result, we have seen improvements in the care for populations of children—which will be described at length for asthma, appendicitis, and cross-cutting payment reform models. Clinical systems integration requires investments in technical resources (i.e., software and hardware), re-engineering workflows, and human capital. The investments must be matched with leadership that understands and participates in the transformation—along with a governance structure that can help prevent fragmentation and inefficiencies that can occur in complex systems. Finally, the system should also be nimble enough to respond to changing internal and external quality demands.
Evolution of the methyl directed mismatch repair system in Escherichia coli

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) repairs mispaired bases in DNA generated by replication errors. MutS or MutS homologs recognize mispairs and coordinate with MutL or MutL homologs to direct excision of the newly synthesized DNA strand. In most organisms, the signal that discriminates between the newly synthesized and template DNA strands has not been definitively identified. In contrast, Escherichia coli and some related gammaproteobacteria use a highly elaborated methyl-directed MMR system that recognizes Dam methyltransferase modification sites that are transiently unmethylated on the newly synthesized strand after DNA replication. Evolution of methyl-directed MMR is characterized by the acquisition of Dam and the MutH nuclease and by the loss of the MutL endonuclease activity. Methyl-directed MMR is present in a subset of Gammaproteobacteria belonging to the orders Enterobacteriales, Pasteurellales, Vibrionales, Aeromonadales, and a subset of the Alteromonadales (the EPVAA group) as well as in gammaproteobacteria that have obtained these genes by horizontal gene transfer, including the medically relevant bacteria Fluoribacter, Legionella, and Tatlockia and the marine bacteria Methylophaga and Nitrosococcus.
Mechanisms of Membrane-Mediated Cytotoxicity by Adriamycin

The principal objective of cancer chemotherapy has been to acquire chemical agents which are cytotoxic to tumor cells. To a very significant degree, this quest has been successful, at least as attested to by the existence of scores of drugs which have been useful in the management of neoplasia. A case can be made, however, that at least with respect to the choice of cellular targets for drug action, the strategy for obtaining new drugs has had a rather narrowly defined focus. When one considers a cell as a collection of organs and subcellular systems, it seems reasonable that any of these targets could be susceptible to poisoning by cytotoxic agents. Despite this apparent richness of molecular targets, one site, DNA, has held the pre-eminent position as the major target for anticancer drug action. Most of the available drugs act at this target either by direct chemical interaction (e.g. alkylating agents) or by interference with DNA biosynthesis (e.g. anti-metabolites). The major limitation of this approach is lack of selectivity because normal, non-cancer cells also have DNA, and this DNA and its synthesis are only imperceptibly (to a drug) different than the DNA of tumor cells. As a result, all of the existing antineoplastics have undesirable toxic effects on normal cells. There are at least two ways around this dilemma.
Winged scapula in a man with new neck pain and shoulder weakness.

No abstract available. (Published: 17 February 2016) Citation: Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives 2016, 6 : 29918 -http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/jchimp.v6.29918
Stenichnus lackneri sp. n. of Japan (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae).

Stenichnus Thomson, 1859 is a species-rich and common genus in the western Palaearctic, but only a few species are known from the Far East. Six species have been so far recorded from Japan (Sharp 1886; Jaloszynski 2004, 2006; Jaloszynski, Arai 2009). Interestingly, the Japanese species occur in the temperate or cool climate of Hokkaido in the north-east ( Stenichnus minipollens Jaloszynski, 2004) and in subtropical forests of the south-western Yaeyama Archipelago ( St. bellulus Jaloszynski, 2004 and St. totoro Jaloszynski, 2004), showing a broader range of ecological plasticity than their western Palaearctic congeners. Two more species are known to occur in the Japan mainland, i.e., St. pollens (Sharp, 1886) in Kyushu and St. sakurayamanus Jaloszynski & Arai, 2009 in the central part of Honshu, and one species, St. mitai Jaloszynski, 2006, was discovered on the small Nakanoshima Island of the Tokara Archipelago. Only the species that occur in the Yaeyama Islands are relatively common, all remaining species are known from holotypes only. Interestingly, St. pollens and St. minipollens , which occur on different islands separated by nearly 1500 km, share very similar aedeagi with a unique long ventral projection (Jaloszynski 2004).
Relearning to See in Cortical Blindness

The incidence of cortically induced blindness is increasing as our population ages. The major cause of cortically induced blindness is stroke affecting the primary visual cortex. While the impact of this form of vision loss is devastating to quality of life, the development of principled, effective rehabilitation strategies for this condition lags far behind those used to treat motor stroke victims. Here we summarize recent developments in the still emerging field of visual restitution therapy, and compare the relative effectiveness of different approaches. We also draw insights into the properties of recovered vision, its limitations and likely neural substrates. We hope that these insights will guide future research and bring us closer to the goal of providing much-needed rehabilitation solutions for this patient population.
Propeller Performance Optimization Using Vortex Lattice Theory and a Genetic Algorithm

This paper describes the methodology for propeller performance optimization which uses the vortex lattice method as the performance prediction algorithm and a genetic algorithm (GA) for optimization. The performance optimization investigates thin airfoil propellers which can be simulated with a single lifting surface layer of vortex elements. The propeller wake is simulated by constant pitch and constant radius horseshoe elements, which extend from the last cordwise panel two blade revolutions downstream. The design space considered by the GA is defined by, the number of blades, airfoil shape, twist angle, sweep and cord length for a given free stream velocity and blade revolution rate. The optimization results include minimum power for given thrust and max thrust for given power at one specific advance ratio. Also the thrust was maximized for a given power setting with respect to two advance ratios.
Discovery of rare variants for complex phenotypes

With the rise of sequencing technologies, it is now feasible to assess the role rare variants play in the genetic contribution to complex trait variation. While some of the earlier targeted sequencing studies successfully identified rare variants of large effect, unbiased gene discovery using exome sequencing has experienced limited success for complex traits. Nevertheless, rare variant association studies have demonstrated that rare variants do contribute to phenotypic variability, but sample sizes will likely have to be even larger than those of common variant association studies to be powered for the detection of genes and loci. Large-scale sequencing efforts of tens of thousands of individuals, such as the UK10K Project and aggregation efforts such as the Exome Aggregation Consortium, have made great strides in advancing our knowledge of the landscape of rare variation, but there remain many considerations when studying rare variation in the context of complex traits. We discuss these considerations in this review, presenting a broad range of topics at a high level as an introduction to rare variant analysis in complex traits including the issues of power, study design, sample ascertainment, de novo variation, and statistical testing approaches. Ultimately, as sequencing costs continue to decline, larger sequencing studies will yield clearer insights into the biological consequence of rare mutations and may reveal which genes play a role in the etiology of complex traits.
Carabocrinid crinoids from the Ordovician of northern Iowa and southern Minnesota

Plicodendrocrinus n. gen. is erected for dendrocrinids with solid pentalobate columns, strong stellate ridges on the aboral cup plates, and highly plicate anal sac plates. Five species are assigned: Middle Ordovician; P. proboscidiatus (E. Billings, not W. R. Billings) n. comb., from the Trenton of Canada and the Dunleith of Iowa and Minnesota. Upper Ordovician; P. casei (Meek) n. comb., from the Richmond and Gamachian of the midcontinent; P. rugocyathus (Ramsbottom) n. comb., from the Ashgill of England; P. collapsus (Donovan) n. comb.; and P. granditubus (Ramsbottom) n. comb., from the Ashgill of Scotland. The Middle Ordovician dendrocrinids from the Dunleith Formation (Trentonian) of northern Iowa and southern Minnesota are P. proboscidiatus (E. Billings), Dendrocrinus acutidactylus E. Billings, and Quienquecaudex springeri (Kolata). All species are also known from the Middle Ordovician of Ontario and Quebec. In addition, O. springeri (Kolata) is recorded from the Platteville Group of Illinois. Biogeographically, the Dunleith dendrocrinids are most similar to those of the northern Appalachians. Plicodendrocrinus casei (Meek) ranges widely in the midcontinent and has been obtained from the Maysvillian and Richmondian Maquoketa Formation of Iowa and Minnesota, several Richmondian units in the Cincinnati area, and the Gamachian Girardeau Limestone of Illinois and Missouri. A quantitative cladistic analysis of Ordovician cladid and flexible crinoids produces five groups: primitive forms including Aethocrinus, Compagicrinus, Ottawacrinus, and Grenprisia; cyathocrinids with Carabocrinus, Palaeocrinus, Illemocrinus, and Porocrinus; merocrinids with Archaetaxocrinus, Merocrinus, Praecupulocrinus, Polycrinus, and Aithriocrinus; dendrocrinids with Esthonocrinus, Eoparisocrinus, Dendrocrinus, Quienquecaudex, Plicodendrocrinus and perhaps Eopinnacrinus; and Cupulocrinus and the flexibles, Protaxocrinus, Clidochirus, and Proanisocrinus. These groups are not consistent with the present taxonomy and several suggestions for restructuring are presented, notably grouping flexibles with cladids and adjusting the taxonomic level of cyathocrinids. The cladograms for early cladids and flexibles are poorly correlated with stratigraphic position because of numerous unfilled range zones for the taxa or their ancestors. Thus, the cladograms generate predictions that can be tested by later finds in the Lower and the lower part of the Middle Ordovician. The overall evolutionary trends are highly mosaic with numerous parallelisms and reversals.
Time Dependent Kinetic Equations: Method of Characteristics

Time dependent linear kinetic equations arise in a number of diverse applications in biology, chemistry and physics, as well as in various other modeling problems. Due to a tradition deeply rooted in classical mathematical physics and reinforced by the successes of quantum mechanics, such time dependent problems were initially attacked using the eigenfunction method. Yet, this method met with a relative lack of success, due to the nonnormal nature of the operators occurring in these kinetic problems, and it was supplanted by the semigroup approach, which for decades became the dominant method of time dependent kinetic theory. Despite its virtues, the semigroup approach is somewhat indirect, and is not naturally suited for treating linear evolution problems with time dependent operators, phase spaces and boundary conditions. This chapter will be devoted to an approach to these problems based on the method of characteristics.
Further Additional Biface Production Failures

(1981). Further Additional Biface Production Failures. Lithic Technology: Vol. 10, No. 2-3, pp. 26-28.
Reflections on a giant of brain science: How lucky we are having Walter J. Freeman as our beacon in cognitive neurodynamics research.

Walter J. Freeman was a giant of the field of neuroscience whose visionary work contributed various experimental and theoretical breakthroughs to brain research in the past 60 years. He has pioneered a number of Electroencephalogram and Electrocorticogram tools and approaches that shaped the field, while “Freeman Neurodynamics” is a theoretical concept that is widely known, used, and respected among neuroscientists all over the world. His recent death is a profound loss to neuroscience and biomedical engineering. Many of his revolutionary ideas on brain dynamics have been ahead of their time by decades. We summarize his following groundbreaking achievements: (1) Mass Action in the Nervous System, from microscopic (single cell) recordings, through mesoscopic populations, to large-scale collective brain patterns underlying cognition; (2) Freeman–Kachalsky model of multi-scale, modular brain dynamics; (3) cinematic theory of cognitive dynamics; (4) phase transitions in cortical dynamics modeled with random graphs and quantum field theory; (5) philosophical aspects of intentionality, consciousness, and the unity of brain–mind–body. His work has been admired by many of his neuroscientist colleagues and followers. At the same time, his multidisciplinary approach combining advanced concepts of control theory and the mathematics of nonlinear systems and chaos, poses significant challenges to those who wish to thoroughly understand his message. The goal of this commemorative paper is to review key aspects of Freeman’s neurodynamics and to provide some handles to gain better understanding about Freeman’s extraordinary intellectual achievement.
Hepatitis B virus X protein: TRIMming antiviral defences in hepatocytes.

Humans and viruses have coevolved over thousands of years; however, very few viruses are able to manifest as chronic infections with most being cleared after an acute course. Consequently, success of the human species has relied on a functional immune system that is capable of fighting off most viral pathogens. The heptatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most successful viruses to establish chronic infection in man with over 300 million individuals currently infected worldwide and over 2 billion humans having been infected by this virus.1 These numbers underscore the tremendous ability of HBV to thwart the human immune system and establish chronic infection. In this issue of Gut , Lim et al 2 have provided evidence for a new mechanism through which HBV is able to establish and maintain chronic infection. They specifically examine the role of the enigmatic HBx protein3 in the regulation of TRIM22, a protein that has increasingly become associated with innate antiviral responses.4 5 Previous studies have demonstrated that HBx, a virally encoded protein that plays unusual roles in its life cycle, can block the antiviral response in addition …
On the Physiology of Amoeboid Movement: III.--The Action of Calcium

1. The action of certain ions on a marine amoeba has been studied. Movement takes place between the limits p H 6 and pH 10: it is reversibly inhibited at the acid limit but alkaline inhibition is reversible only after a brief immersion. 2. Of the four chief cations of sea-water Ca alone is essential for movement. Movement takes place in balanced solutions of Ca with any alkali metal, with no other cation present. NH 4 is toxic. The optimum alkali-metal/Ca ratio for movement, and the velocity attained, increase with the atomic weight of the alkali metal. Viability in these solutions follows a different law : Na > K > Cs > Li and Rb. 3. Ca can be replaced by Sr but not by Mg or Ba. For the optimum movement, Na/Sr 4. Although movement occurs in either NaCl or KC1 alone Ca is present, yet it is maintained much longer when K is added to an (NaCl + CaCl 2 ) solution. The effect is most marked where Na/K≑ 50, as in sea-water. This specific action of K on viability is shared by Rb. 5. In a solution of (NaCl + CaCl 2 ) with excess Ca, movement is immediately inhibited, apparently owing to an increased ectoplasmic viscosity. The inhibition is reversible and resembles that caused by acid. 6. Inhibition from lack of Ca differs from that caused by excess. Movement is at first normal, but sooner or later falls to zero: the time required for this is less the lower the Ca concentration. This inhibition is not readily reversible. 7. In the effect of Ca deficiency amoeba resembles contractile tissues. In both cases the effect is counteracted by increased alkalinity. In amoeba the action is complicated because above pH 8 alkali tends to inhibit all movement if Mg is absent. 8. There is a general similarity between the action of ions on amoeba and on contractile tissues. The differences observed seem to be related to the long time required for effects to occurin amoeba. This is probably connected with adaptation to the variable external environment, in-shore sea-water.
Assessment of depression in epilepsy: the utility of common and disease-specific self-report depression measures.

Objectives: Depression is common in epilepsy, with rates ranging from 20 to 55% in most samples and reports as high as 70% in patients with intractable epilepsy. However, some contend that depressi...
Ashes against the Grain: Black Metal and the Grim Rebirth of Romanticism

“Black Metal is a werewolf culture, a werewolf romanticism … Black Metal is Oskorei romanticism.” In his essay “Oskorei,” the Austrian writer and musician Kadmon compellingly links the musical and subcultural phenomenon that is black metal with the Norse tradition of the “wild hunt” and notably describes this conjunction as a “Romantic” one. This chapter argues that black metal challenges and expands the current grasp of Romanticism by regarding it neither as wispy nostalgia nor as a distinct historical period within the nineteenth century, but rather as a radical hermeneutic that expressly elides distinctions among the aesthetic, the political, and the spiritual en route to an overarching rejection of normativized concepts of temporality and history.
Vulnerability analysis of GPU computing

In the past decade Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have advanced from simple fixedfunction graphics accelerators to fully-programmable multi-core architectures capable of supporting thousand of concurrent threads. Their use has spread from the specialized field of graphics into more general processing domains ranging from biomedical imaging to stock market prediction. Despite their increased computational power and range of applications, the security implications of GPUs have not been carefully studied. It has been assumed that the use of a GPU as a coprocessor with physically separate memory space, minimal support for multi-user programming, and limited I/O capability inherently guarantees security. This research challenges this assumption by demonstrating multiple security vulnerabilities in the current GPU computing infrastructure. Specifically, it focuses on the following three areas: 1. Denial-of-Service by overwhelming the capabilities of the GPU so it is unable to provide responsiveness to the host operating system. 2. Information leakage due to the way that modern GPUs fail to randomize pointers and zero out memory. 3. The use of GPUs to assist CPU-resident malware through obfuscation and unpacking or acceleration of computational intensive tasks such as password cracking or encryption. Through the use of WebGL and CUDA, we successfully developed a proof of concept attack for the first two vulnerabilities listed above. For the third, we considered several different types of attacks and their implications. In all cases we also suggest possible security measures to fix these vulnerabilities. While the impact of each of these particular exploits is currently hardware and OS specific, current trends in GPU architecture indicate that these problems are only going to rise in importance going forward.
Nd: YAG laser thermocoagulation of the prostate: the barbecue effect.

Objective To determine systematically the depth of coagulation necrosis induced during Nd: YAG laser irradiation in the canine prostate model, and to define the correlation of laser dose with depth of the lesions. Methods We investigated the effect of various dosimetries on prostatic tissue of 17 mongrel canines using laser power in the range of 8 to 60 watts (W) at varying exposure times, from 20 to 300 seconds (S). Applied energy ranged from 1,000 to 5,500 Joules (J). Results Three distinct features were observed. First, deep coagulation necrosis was induced only with laser regimens of > or = 2,100J, suggesting that there is a threshold of energy that must be overcome in order to achieve significant coagulation depth. Second, the deepest coagulation necrosis was achieved with a low power slow-heating regimen (15W X 180S). Tissue surface changes appeared to be responsible for the reduced depth of coagulation necrosis seen with higher power regimens (> 20 W). Third, increasing the energy above 3,600J did not augment the depth of coagulation, suggesting that a steady state for temperature distribution is reached at that rate of heating. Conclusions Our study suggests that in the canine prostate, a low power slow-heating regimen of 15W X 180S may yield larger volumes of coagulation necrosis than other regimens.
Chain Dimensions and Entanglement Spacings

25.1 Chain Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 25.2 Chain Entanglement and Tube Diameter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 25.3 Critical Molecular Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 25.4 Temperature Dependence of Chain Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
Supporting health system transformation through an interprofessional education experience focused on population health

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of an interprofessional education (IPE) experience on first year students across all schools of a health sciences center on the topic of pediatr...
Blue band reflectance uncertainties in coastal waters and their impact on retrieval algorithms

Blue bands on the satellite sensors are widely used in algorithms for the estimation of chlorophyll-a concentration and CDOM absorption. Recent studies showed that high uncertainties in these bands in coastal waters are not only due to inaccurate aerosol retrievals during atmospheric correction but also due to variable sky and sun glint that is reflected from the wind-roughened ocean surface, and which is especially pronounced in waters with low blue-band reflectance. These uncertainties are estimated for the 2019 VIIRS calibration/validation cruise by the comparison of data from several satellite sensors and in situ data. Results are compared with satellite – in situ matchups at the Long Island Sound Coastal Observatory (LISCO) and other AERONET-OC sites, showing significant vulnerability of blue bands reflectance to surface effects. It is shown that uncertainties in satellite Rrs retrievals can be explained predominantly with surface reflectance and in-water variability. Propagation of these increased uncertainty levels can be mitigated by avoiding blue bands in the retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentrations in coastal waters.
Linking Environmental Exposures to Molecular Pathogenesis in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, with about 60 subtypes that arise via various pathogenetic mechanisms. Although establishing etiology for specific NHL subtypes has been historically difficult given their relative rarity, environmental exposures have been repeatedly implicated as risk factors across many subtypes. Large-scale epidemiologic investigations have pinpointed chemical exposures in particular, but causality has not been established, and the exact biologic mechanisms underpinning these associations are unclear. Here we review chemical exposures that have been associated with development of NHL subtypes and discuss their biologic plausibility, based on current research.
Domesticated and wild fathead minnows differ in growth and thermal tolerance

Abstract Many populations have evolved in response to laboratory environments (lack of predators, continual food availability, etc.). Another potential agent of selection in the lab is exposure to constant thermal environments. Here, we examined changes in growth, critical thermal maximum (CTmax), and food consumption under constant (25 °C) and fluctuating (22–28 °C and 19–31 °C) conditions in two populations of fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: one that has been kept in a laboratory setting for over 120 generations (~40 years) and a corresponding wild one. We found that under thermal fluctuations, domesticated fathead minnows grew faster than their wild counterparts, but also exhibited lower thermal tolerance. Food consumption was significantly higher in the lab population under the constant and large fluctuation thermal treatments. Our results suggest that the lab population has adjusted to the stable conditions in the laboratory and that we should carefully apply lessons learned in the lab to wild populations.
Resolving Disputed Financial Reporting Issues: Effects of Auditor Experience and Engagement Risk on Negotiation Process and Outcome

Using an experimental task that involves a dyadic negotiation between a computer-simulated client and 60 experienced audit managers and partners, this paper examines the effects of engagement risk and auditor experience resolving complex financial reporting issues on the process and outcome of client-auditor negotiation. The results show that the level of engagement risk affects the negotiation process for auditors with less negotiation experience, revealing that these auditors use a more concessionary negotiation strategy and alter their bidding position more often when engagement risk is high. In contrast, auditors with more negotiation experience use a more contending strategy and do not alter their bidding position regardless of the level of engagement risk. The results also show that auditor experience affects the negotiation outcome, with auditors having more negotiation experience negotiating more conservative final bids and being more confident that those bids are acceptable under GAAP than auditors with less experience.
Γ–structures and symmetric spaces

$\Gamma$–structures are weak forms of multiplications on closed oriented manifolds. As was shown by Hopf the rational cohomology algebras of manifolds admitting $\Gamma$–structures are free over odd-degree generators. We prove that this condition is also sufficient for the existence of $\Gamma$–structures on manifolds which are nilpotent in the sense of homotopy theory. This includes homogeneous spaces with connected isotropy groups. Passing to a more geometric perspective we show that on compact oriented Riemannian symmetric spaces with connected isotropy groups and free rational cohomology algebras the canonical products given by geodesic symmetries define $\Gamma$–structures. This extends work of Albers, Frauenfelder and Solomon on $\Gamma$–structures on Lagrangian Grassmannians.
1T Phase Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Metallic (1T) phases of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising alternatives for Pt as efficient and practically applicable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. Group 6 1T TMDs are the most widely studied due to their impressively higher HER activity than that of their 2H counterparts. However, the mediocre electrochemical and thermal stability of these TMDs has limited their widespread application. Over the last decade, while immense attempts have been made to enhance the stability of group 6 1T TMDs, 1T TMDs based on other transition metals have gained increasing attention. To address the great potential of the 1T TMD family for industry-scale HER and inspire future breakthroughs in realizing their scalable utilization, a critical overview of 1T TMDs for application in HER is presented in this work. With an emphasis on the recent progress, the main contents include the elucidation of the “structure–performance” relationship in 1T TMD-based HER, the approaches for the synthesis and morphology control of 1T TMDs, and the types of 1T TMD-based materials that have been explored for efficient and long-term water splitting. Before the main discussions, the reaction mechanism of HER and the evaluation indexes for HER catalysts are introduced. Moreover, future perspectives on overcoming the primary challenges that hinder the practical application of 1T TMDs for HER are provided.
Decoding Estimates of Curvilinear Self-Motion from Neural Signals in a Model of Primate MSTd

Abstract Self-motion produces characteristic patterns of optic flow on the eye of the mobile observer. Movement along linear, straight paths without eye movements yields motion that radiates from the direction of travel (heading). The observer experiences more complex motion patterns while moving along more general curvilinear (e.g. circular) paths, the appearance of which depends on the radius of the curved path (path curvature) and the direction of gaze. Neurons in brain area MSTd of primate visual cortex exhibit tuning to radial motion patterns and have been linked with linear heading perception. MSTd also contains neurons that exhibit tuning to spirals, but their function is not well understood. We investigated in a computational model whether MSTd, through its diverse pattern tuning, could support estimation of a broader range of self-motion parameters from optic flow than has been previously demonstrated. We used deep learning to decode these parameters from signals produced by neurons tuned to radial expansion, spiral, ground flow, and other patterns in a mechanistic neural model of MSTd. Specifically, we found that we could accurately decode the clockwise/counterclockwise sign of curvilinear path and the gaze direction relative to the path tangent from spiral cells; heading from radial cells; and the curvature (radius) of the curvilinear path from activation produced by both radial and spiral populations. We demonstrate accurate decoding of these linear and curvilinear self-motion parameters in both synthetic and naturalistic videos of simulated self-motion. Estimates remained stable over time, while also rapidly adapting to dynamic changes in the observer’s curvilinear self-motion. Our findings suggest that specific populations of neurons in MSTd could effectively signal important aspects of the observer’s linear and curvilinear self-motion. Author Summary How do we perceive our self-motion as we move through the world? Substantial evidence indicates that brain area MSTd contains neurons that signal the direction of travel during movement along straight paths. We wondered whether MSTd neurons could also estimate more general self-motion along curved paths. We tested this idea by using deep learning to decode signals produced by a neural model of MSTd. The system accurately decoded parameters that specify the observer’s self-motion along straight and curved paths in videos of synthetic and naturalistic scenes rendered in the Unreal game engine. Our findings suggest that MSTd could jointly signal self-motion along straight and curved paths.
Relationship of withdrawn, anxious/depressed and attention problems to cognitive performance in preterm children at 18 months and 36 months of age.

Abstract Objective A positive significant association has been found between behavior problems and lower cognition in very low birthweight (VLBW) preterm children at school age, but there is relatively little information about whether such an association exists in toddlers and on the continuity of this association. The aim of this study was to assess if there is a relationship between behavior problems and cognitive performance in VLBW preterm children at 18 months post conception and 3 years old, independent of socioeconomic status and sex. Method Parents of 124 preterm children completed a behavior rating questionnaire (Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5) to measure behavior problems characteristic of preterm children (Withdrawn, Anxious/Depressed, and Attention Problems). Children completed the Cognitive Scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III at 18 months and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale (III or IV) at 36 months old. Socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at 3 years were recorded for each child. Results Withdrawn problems at 18 months were associated with lower cognitive scores at 18 months and both Withdrawn problems at 18 months and 36 months were associated with lower cognitive scores at 36 months. Increases in Attention Problems scores from 18 to 36 months were associated with decreases in cognitive scores over that period. Lower SES was associated with lower cognitive scores at 36 months and decreases in cognitive scores between 18 and 36 months. Sex was not related to behavior problems or cognition. Diagnoses of ASD and ADHD were significantly associated with increased Withdrawn behavior and Attention Problems, respectively. Conclusions The early association of Withdrawn behaviors with less favorable cognitive performance at 18 months and 36 months and the relationship between increases in Attention Problems with decreases in cognitive scores between the toddler and preschool period indicate the need for early assessment of and intervention for behavior problems, as well as concurrent cognitive delays, in VLBW preterm children.
Dispatchable Virtual-oscillator-controlled Inverters with Current-limiting and MPPT Capabilities

Photovoltaic (PV) inverters typically have a multiloop control architecture to facilitate extraction of maximum possible dc-side power and its transfer to an ac-side grid interconnection. In this paper, we integrate dc-side controls that modulate the dc-link voltage for peak PV power harvest with an ac-side dispatchable virtual oscillator controller (dVOC) that synchronizes to the grid. In particular, maximum power point tracking is realized via integral control which then generates a dc-link voltage command. From there, dc-side voltage regulation is achieved by modulating the power reference sent to the ac-side dVOC. The dVOC yields an ac voltage command which is tracked with nested voltage- and current-control loops in the synchronous reference frame. Ac-side functions are topped off with an ac-side current limiter to ensure proper operation during large grid transients. We then analyze the eigenvalues of this interconnected system and its participation factors to demonstrate timescale separation of the various control loops. The proposed framework is substantiated via simulations and experiments.
Self-Esteem and Positive Psychology: Research, Theory, and Practice

Praise for the Previous Edition: "This book attempts to clarify misunderstandings about self-esteem and offer a rationale for the legitimacy of including the construct as an important variable for mental health The author writes fluently and clearly. He is also considerate in his explanations by organizing chapters appropriately so that his narrative follows well-articulated empirical findings. " -PsycCritiques "Why another book on self-esteem? As Mruk points out to begin his own, there are already 7,337 articles and books on this topic. What Mruk also makes clear early on is just how little we really do understand of the complexity of this topic. Most have settled for overly simplistic, popularized truisms, and most scientific studies reveal ambiguous or insignificant consequences Mruk's solution is to supplement these traditionally scientific studies with findings from qualitative, specifically phenomenological research The approach allows Mruk a very close access to the lived dimensions of self-esteem, and an astute basis for his concrete suggestions for enhancing self-esteem." - Chris Aanstoos Editor, The Humanistic Psychologist This new edition of the most comprehensive text available on the theories, research findings, and practice implications of self-esteem represents a major shift in our contemporary understanding of self-esteem and positive psychology. The book has been thoroughly updated to integrate positive psychology themes throughout and explain how self-esteem enhancement interventions fit into evidence-based practice. This insightful work provides scholars, clinicians, and students with both an extensive overview of research and with Mruk's often-cited theoretical framework for self-esteem. Featuring the author's noted Competence and Worthiness Training program for enhancing self-esteem, this fourth edition reflects changes in the field by also including expanded coverage of: Self-esteem in relationships Validity issues in researching self-esteem The concept of authenticity in the self Self-esteem as a function of motivation and well-being Existentially oriented theory Key Features: Offers the most comprehensive and thorough overview of self-esteem theory and research available Considers self-esteem from personality, human development, and clinical perspectives Contains updated and more integrated coverage of self-esteem as a major element of positive psychology Places clinical practices that enhance self-esteem in the context of evidence-based practice Features expanded coverage of personal relationships, research issues, and well-being in self
Optical spectra of compact objects.

On the basis of their optical spectra, compact objects are divided into three classes: (1) nonthermal objects including Seyfert nuclei, most N-type radio galaxies, and luminous Zwicky objects; (2) hot massive stars, and (3) stellar objects including some compact galaxies having only absorption line spectra. A variety of morphological forms exist among class (1) and (2) objects. Emission line spectra of quasars are reviewed and related to the physical conditions in the emitting regions.
Finite Deformation of Elastic Rods and Shells

The objective of this paper is to present an account of recent developments in the direct formation of theories of rods and shells based on 1- and 2-dimensional continuum models originating in the works of Duhem and E. and F. Cosserat. Following some preliminaries and description of (3-dimensional) shell-like and rod-like bodies, the rest of the paper is arranged in two parts namely Part A (for shells) and Part B (for rods) and can be read independently of each other. In each part, after providing the main ingredients of the direct model and a statement of the conservation laws, a rapid outline is given of the derivation of the basic equations and nonlinear constitutive equations for elastic materials. Each part also includes a discussion of constrained theories and an account of recent developments on the subject.
Teacher education students and computers: Gender, major, prior computer experience, occurrence, and anxiety

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify patterns of computer experience and attitudes of teacher education students. During a mandatory computer awareness course, the students provided information on their major, gender, and prior computer use. They also responded to a 20-item computer anxiety instrument. This information was collected from 914 teacher education undergraduates over a four-year period. Some of the findings include that over the course of four years, an increasing number of students entered the mandatory course with more experience—during Year 1 more than 50% had no prior computer experience whereas during Year 4 only 33% had no prior experience. Although programming experience remained relatively high throughout the four years, there was a trend of a decrease in computer use—from 33.5% in Year 1 to 28.2% in Year 4. The major areas of increase were CAI (from 6% in Year 1 to 21.6% in Year 4) and CMI, or applications software (from 10.2% in Year 1 to 17.4% in Year 4). A significant ...
Static analysis for web service security - Tools & techniques for a secure development life cycle

In this ubiquitous IoT (Internet of Things) era, web services have become a vital part of today's critical national and public sector infrastructure.With the industry wide adaptation of service-oriented architecture (SOA), web services have become an integral component of enterprise software eco-system, resulting in new security challenges. Web services are strategic components used by wide variety of organizations for information exchange on the internet scale. The public deployments of mission critical APIs opens up possibility of software bugs to be maliciously exploited. Therefore, vulnerability identification in web services through static as well as dynamic analysis is a thriving and interesting area of research in academia, national security and industry.
A statewide analysis of specialized care for pediatric appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common operative disease in children, yet few data exist to support specialized care for childhood appendicitis. We hypothesized that children treated with specialized care are younger, have more severe disease, and experience equal or better outcomes. Methods Texas Blue Cross/Blue Shield claims data were reviewed for all children 2 , Fisher exact test, Student t test, and multivariate regression were performed. Results Of the 3,886 pediatric appendectomies, 894 (23%) were performed by pediatric surgeons and 1,558 (40%) were performed in children's hospitals. Children treated by pediatric surgeons were younger, had more severe disease, underwent fewer computed tomography (CT) examinations, and were hospitalized longer (all P P P Conclusion Privately insured children in Texas treated for appendicitis by pediatric surgeons or in children's hospitals were younger, had more severe disease, and were hospitalized longer but were less likely to undergo preoperative CT.
Abstract W P277: 30 Day Readmission Rates are Higher at Primary Stroke Centers than at Comprehensive Stroke Centers

Objective: To compare readmission rates between The Joint Commission designated Primary and Comprehensive Stroke Centers. Background: The Joint Commission (TJC) designations of Primary Stroke Center (PSC) and Comprehensive Stroke Center (CSC) certification recognize best practices in stroke patient care. TJC introduced the CSC designation to recognize programs that provide a higher level of care than PSCs, including 24-hour MRI, specialized neuro-intensive care units, and 24-hour endovascular treatment. It is unknown whether clinical outcomes, such as readmission rates and length of stay, differ between PSCs and CSCs. Methods: The University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) is made up of 120 member academic medical centers who share hospital level data. Using UHC’s Clinical Database, we assessed 30 day readmission rates at PSCs and CSCs for ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients for 2013, along with length of stay (LOS), ICU admission, and overall mortality rate. UHC’s expected mortality rate was derived using an algorithm based on clinical factors including severity of illness, co-morbidities, and patient demographics; this expected mortality rate was used as a measure of patient acuity. Ischemic stroke patients’ 30 day readmission rates, LOS, ICU admission, overall mortality rate, and expected mortality rate were also compared between PSCs and CSCs. Results: There were a total of 54,962 patients admitted to 75 PSCs and 38 CSCs. 30 day readmission rates were 2.70% for PSCs and 2.39% for CSCs (p=0.03). LOS was longer at CSCs than at PSCs (8.07 vs. 7.51 days, p<0.001). PSCs had a lower proportion of ICU cases (43.34% vs 58.57%), a lower mortality rate (9.20% vs. 11.05%), and a lower expected mortality rate than CSCs (p<0.001 for all). When analyzing only ischemic strokes, the 30 day readmission rate remained higher at PSCs (2.65% vs 2.13%, p=0.001) with shorter LOS (5.63 vs. 5.97 days, p<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, CSCs had statistically significant lower 30 day readmission rates than PSCs. However, stroke patients at CSCs had longer hospital stays and required a higher acuity of care. Future research is needed to define aspects of hospital care at designated CSCs that could lead towards reduced readmissions.
An Anxiolytic Response Exerted by β3-Adrenoreceptor Activation: Correlation with an Enhanced Subset of Gabaergic Synaptic Responses

An Anxiolytic Response Exerted by β3-Adrenoreceptor Activation: Correlation with an Enhanced Subset of Gabaergic Synaptic Responses
Assembling a revolution: Graffiti, Cairo and the Arab spring

This essay examines the ways revolutionary desire was articulated and interpreted through graffiti in Cairo, Egypt during the Arab Spring and its immediate aftermath. For writers in Cairo, graffiti was one of many in a constellation of resistances that undermined everyday life in Hosni Mubarak’s Egypt and the SCAF-controlled interim government. Ordinary surfaces of the city were illegally marked, displaying revolutionary potentiality by allowing the seemingly powerless rhetorical openings of engagement. Far from being a monolithic discourse, graffiti created geographies of material protest that were locally enacted but globally contextualized. Political graffiti, like the overall protests of the Arab Spring, emerged in large numbers at particular moments, but its numerous roots spread distinctly into the past. First contextualizing Cairo graffiti as a tool for revolutionary protest, the article then examines specific writers (Mahmoud Graffiti, Ganzeer), particular ‘battleground' spaces (Tahrir Square, Mohamed Mahmoud Street), different graffiti mutations (tags, pieces, murals) and contrary aesthetic manipulations of the form (‘No Walls’ campaign, graffiti advertisements by multinational corporations) in order to assemble a graffiti scene in Cairo as it follows the ebbs and flows of revolutionary desire.
What’s in a word: on the politics of language in landscape architecture

In 1899, the founding year of the American Association of Landscape Architects, a note in the British horticultural journal The Garden ridiculed the new American denomination ‘landscape architect’:...
The Music of Joni Mitchell

Lloyd Whitesell, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008, ISBN: 0195307992, 288 pp, $99.00 (hb), $21.95 (pb) Proclaimed by Rolling Stone as one of the “greatest songwriters,” Canadian-born Joni Mit...