cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Citizens’ Perspectives of Access to the Decision-Making Process as a Factor in Acceptance of Brownfields Redevelopment Projects in Passaic County New Jersey

Public controversy concerning public and environmental health risk issues and community access to the decision-making process surrounds brownfields redevelopment in the United States. Brownfields redevelopment is a smart growth urban policy program initiative mainly intended to revitalize blighted urban cores and produce beneficial outcomes that ultimately enhance citizens’ quality of life. Traditionally, brownfields projects successes have been highlighted mainly from developers and municipal authorities’ perspectives and exclude “grass roots” peoples’ perspectives. One hundred and twenty nine citizens residing near three redevelopment projects in three municipalities, responses were analyzed from a survey conducted to determine the relationship between their perspectives of access to the decision-making processes and project acceptance. Statistical results revealed differences in respondents’ a) perception of access to the decision-making process; b) their acceptance of the projects. Mostly, respondents did not feel empowered in the decision-making processes. This affected their support of the outcomes. Interviews with local public officials revealed differing perspectives of success from those of the citizens.
Lawrence W. Saylor, Coleopterist Extraordinaire

Abstract Lawrence Saylor was a preeminent scarab beetle taxonomist during the 1930s and 1940s who produced a large and significant body of taxonomic work in a relatively short period of time. We know very little about him due, in some measure, to the fact that insect taxonomy was a sideline to his many other professional employments. A review of Saylor's life is provided here based upon new information recently acquired as well as a brief review of his scientific publications.
Rethinking monogamy's nature: From the truth of non/monogamy to a dyke ethics of "antimonogamy".

ABSTRACTFollowing Lynne Huffer's work on queer feminism, this abridged essay centers the figure of the lesbian in order to develop a dyke ethics that engenders nuanced thinking about both monogamy and embodiment. The essay reads Alison Bechdel's comic strip, Dykes to Watch Out For, to elaborate a “dyke ethics of anti-monogamy.” Grounded in notions of friendship, community, and social justice, this ethics decenters the sexual dyad in a way that polyamory does not. It also insists upon a theoretical and ethical disposition of respect for the simultaneously political and embodied nature of desire. In so doing, it offers first a way of re-thinking the story of monogamy's nature as a naturecultural tale about mononormative desire and further places that desire in a field of relationality that renders its significance as a feature of humanness and an object of scientific inquiry strange.
A suggestion for intracorporeal anastomosis - a video vignette.

Intracorporeal anastomosis has become popular only in the last 15 years. The technical difficulties have been overcome by the increasing technical ability of dedicated laparoscopic surgeons. The procedure may have a favourable effect on recovery of bowel function and postoperative ileus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Comparison of two educational music therapy interventions on recovery knowledge and affect: a cluster-randomized study

ABSTRACTAlthough illness management and recovery is an established evidence-based treatment for adult mental health consumers, there is a dearth of music therapy research in this critical area. The purpose of this cluster-randomized effectiveness study was to determine the effects of different levels of structure within educational music therapy interventions on knowledge of illness management and recovery and affect in adult acute care mental health inpatients. Participants (N = 115) were randomly assigned by cluster to one of three single-session group-based conditions: high-structure educational music therapy (HS-EMT), low-structure educational music therapy (LS-EMT), or wait-list control (WLC). Significant between-group differences were found in knowledge of illness management and recovery between the HS-EMT condition and both the LS-EMT and WLC condition, with the HS-EMT condition having more favorable means. Significant between-group differences were also found in positive affect between the LS-EMT ...
Impaired Function of Fancc-/- Immune Cells.

Abstract 1494 Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow (BM) failure, developmental defects and cancer predisposition. Previous studies suggest that FA patients exhibit alterations in immunologic function including high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections. However, it is unclear whether the immune defects observed in FA patients are immune cell autonomous or secondary to leukopenia from evolving BM failure. The aim of the current study was to determine whether FA type C deficient ( Fancc-/- ) macrophage exhibit impaired function and contribute to an altered inflammatory response. In this study, primary macrophage function and the inflammatory response of Fancc-/- immune cells after in vivo intraperitoneal (IP) administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was assessed. Adhesion of Fancc-/- peritoneal macrophages to LPS stimulated endothelial cells was reduced compared to WT (n=3, p Fancc-/- peritoneal macrophages compared to WT. Given these in vitro data, we next assessed whether Fancc-/- macrophage would exhibit altered function after in vivo stimulation with LPS. A low dose of LPS (1mg/kg) was injected IP into Fancc-/- and WT mice to induce a local inflammatory response. Fancc-/- mice exhibited normal neutrophil recruitment to the peritoneum, though had decreased monocyte/macrophage recruitment during the resolution phase of inflammation (n=6, p Fancc-/- mice. Two hours after LPS treatment, peritoneal cells from Fancc-/- mice had reduced TNF-α (n=3, p Fancc-/- cells, though was not statistically significant. Given the overall decrease in chemokine and cytokine production in Fancc-/- mice, we evaluated the peripheral blood for altered numbers of inflammatory monocytes (CD11b + F4/80 + Ly-6C high ) mobilized from the BM. LPS challenged Fancc-/- mice had a significant reduction in peripheral blood inflammatory monocytes 24 hours post LPS injection compared to WT (n=3, p Fancc-/- BM cells exhibit altered expansion of monocyte/macrophage progenitors after in vivo LPS challenge. Colony formation in response to macrophage-colony stimulating factor (n=3, p Fancc-/- BM compared to WT after IP administration of LPS. Taken together these data suggest that the reduced replenishment of monocyte/macrophage in the local inflammatory site may be due to reduced chemokine/cytokine production, reduced mobilization of inflammatory monocytes in the peripheral blood, and decreased expansion of myeloid progenitors in the BM. Collectively, these data suggest that Fancc-/- macrophage exhibit cell autonomous immune defects. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Helping Children and Caregivers Cope with Repeated Invasive Procedures: How Are We Doing?

This paper discusses recent developments in the medical and psychological management of child behavioral distress during invasive (i.e., needle stick) procedures for diagnosis and treatment of chronic pediatric disorders. Along with a review of relevant studies from the medical, pediatric psychology and behavior analysis literatures, representative data are presented from recent research on pediatric procedural pain management. The impact of increasing use of implanted subcutaneous intravenous catheters (ports) and decreased reliance on intravenous cannulation is discussed. Similarly, the effects (and limitations) of more frequent use of topical anesthesia to prepare needle sites also are presented. The continuing need for adjunctive, nonpharmacological (i.e., cognitive and behavioral) interventions for procedural pain is emphasized, and recent studies on distraction and counter-conditioning-based treatments are described. Future research is encouraged on (1) behavioral interventions in relation to day-to-day contextual variables that modulate treatment effects and (2) the development of efficient screening measures to identify children and families who are least likely to cope effectively with repeated procedures, allowing them to be given greater priority for allocation of limited resources for psychosocial intervention.
Scalable Synthesis of Single-Chain Nanoparticles under Mild Conditions

We present a scalable route to single-chain nanoparticles (SCNP) under mild conditions using intramolecular atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC). Typical methods to SCNP, a class of soft nanomaterials in the sub-10 nm size regime, rely on complicated synthetic techniques, high temperatures unsuitable to fragile functional groups, or ultradilute conditions (solutions less than 1 wt %), all of which greatly complicate scale-up. Our method uses a minimal number of synthetic steps and mild reaction conditions amenable to a wide array of solvents and tolerant to a variety of functional groups. Using this scalable method, gram quantities of nanoparticles in the 5–10 nm size regime are accessible.
Plenary II: Energy-efficient and ultra low voltage design pf sub-14nm SoCs and microprocessors: Challenges and opportunities

This talk presents some of the prominent barriers to designing energy-efficient circuits in the sub-14nm CMOS technology regime and outlines new paradigm shifts necessary in next-generation multi-core microprocessors and systems-on-chip. Emerging trends and key challenges in sub-14nm design are outlined, including (i) device and on-chip interconnect technology projections, (ii) performance, leakage and voltage scalability, (iii) special-purpose hardware accelerators and reconfigurable co-processors for compute-intensive signal processing algorithms, (iv) fine-grain power management with integrated voltage regulators, and (v) resilient circuit design to enable robust variation-tolerant operation. Energy-efficient arithmetic and logic circuit techniques, static/dynamic supply scaling, on-die interconnect fabric circuits, ultra-low-voltage and near-threshold logic and memory circuit techniques, and multi-supply/multi-clock domain design for switching and leakage energy reduction are described. Special purpose hardware accelerators and data-path building blocks for enabling high GOPS/Watt on specialized DSP tasks such as encryption, graphics and media processing are presented. Power efficient optimization of microprocessors to span a wide operating range across high performance servers to ultra mobile SoCs, dynamic on-the fly configurability and adaptation, and circuit techniques for active/standby-mode leakage reduction with robust low-voltage operability are reviewed. Specific chip design examples and case studies supported by silicon measurements and trade-offs will be discussed.
Gas-phase Reactivity of meta-Benzyne Analogs Toward Small Oligonucleotides of Differing Lengths

The gas-phase reactivity of two aromatic carbon-centered σ,σ-biradicals (meta-benzyne analogs) and a related monoradical towards small oligonucleotides of differing lengths was investigated in a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer coupled with laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD). The mono- and biradicals were positively charged to allow for manipulation in the mass spectrometer. The oligonucleotides were evaporated into the gas phase as intact neutral molecules by using LIAD. One of the biradicals was found to be unreactive. The reactive biradical reacts with dinucleoside phosphates and trinucleoside diphosphates mainly by addition to a nucleobase moiety followed by cleavage of the glycosidic bond, leading to a nucleobase radical (e.g., base-H) abstraction. In some instances, after the initial cleavage, the unquenched radical site of the biradical abstracts a hydrogen atom from the neutral fragment, which results in a net nucleobase abstraction. In sharp contrast, the related monoradical mainly undergoes facile hydrogen atom abstraction from the sugar moiety. As the size of the oligonucleotides increases, the rate of hydrogen atom abstraction from the sugar moiety by the monoradical was found to increase due to the presence of more hydrogen atom donor sites, and it is the only reaction observed for tetranucleoside triphosphates. Hence, the monoradical only attacks sugar moieties in these substrates. The biradical also shows significant attack at the sugar moiety for tetranucleoside triphosphates. This drastic change in reactivity indicates that the size of the oligonucleotides plays a key role in the outcome of these reactions. This finding is attributed to more compact conformations in the gas phase for the tetranucleoside triphosphates than for the smaller oligonucleotides, which result from stronger stabilizing interactions between the nucleobases.
Analysis of the first Taraxacum kok-saghyz transcriptome reveals potential rubber yield related SNPs

Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TK) is a potential alternative crop for natural rubber (NR) production, due to its high molecular weight rubber, short breeding cycle, and diverse environmental adaptation. However, improvements in rubber yield and agronomically relevant traits are still required before it can become a commercially-viable crop. An RNA-Seq based transcriptome was developed from a pool of roots from genotypes with high and low rubber yield. A total of 55,532 transcripts with lengths over 200 bp were de novo assembled. As many as 472 transcripts were significantly homologous to 49 out of 50 known plant putative rubber biosynthesis related genes. 158 transcripts were significantly differentially expressed between high rubber and low rubber genotypes. 21,036 SNPs were different in high and low rubber TK genotypes. Among these, 50 SNPs were found within 39 transcripts highly homologous to 49 publically-searched rubber biosynthesis related genes. 117 SNPs were located within 36 of the differentially expressed gene sequences. This comprehensive TK transcriptomic reference, and large set of SNPs including putative exonic markers associated with rubber related gene homologues and differentially expressed genes, provides a solid foundation for further genetic dissection of rubber related traits, comparative genomics and marker-assisted selection for the breeding of TK.
Experience with Event Timing Does not Alter Emergent Timing: Further Evidence for Robustness of Event and Emergent Timing

Although, event and emergent timings are thought of as mutually exclusive, significant correlations between tapping and circle drawing (Baer, Thibodeau, Gralnick, Li, & Penhune, 2013; Studenka, Zel...
The effect of facility characteristics on patient safety, patient experience, and service availability for procedures in non-hospital-affiliated outpatient settings: A systematic review.

Author(s): Berglas, Nancy F; Battistelli, Molly F; Nicholson, Wanda K; Sobota, Mindy; Urman, Richard D; Roberts, Sarah CM | Abstract: BackgroundOver recent decades, numerous medical procedures have migrated out of hospitals and into freestanding ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) and physician offices, with possible implications for patient outcomes. In response, states have passed regulations for office-based surgeries, private organizations have established standards for facility accreditation, and professional associations have developed clinical guidelines. While abortions have been performed in office setting for decades, states have also enacted laws requiring that facilities that perform abortions meet specific requirements. The extent to which facility requirements have an impact on patient outcomes-for any procedure-is unclear.Methods and findingsWe conducted a systematic review to examine the effect of outpatient facility type (ASC vs. office) and specific facility characteristics (e.g., facility accreditation, emergency response protocols, clinician qualifications, physical plant characteristics, other policies) on patient safety, patient experience and service availability in non-hospital-affiliated outpatient settings. To identify relevant research, we searched databases of the published academic literature (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science) and websites of governmental and non-governmental organizations. Two investigators reviewed 3049 abstracts and full-text articles against inclusion/exclusion criteria and assessed the quality of 22 identified articles. Most studies were hampered by methodological challenges, with 12 of 22 not meeting minimum quality criteria. Of 10 studies included in the review, most (6) examined the effect of facility type on patient safety. Existing research appears to indicate no difference in patient safety for outpatient procedures performed in ASCs vs. physician offices. Research about specific facility characteristics is insufficient to draw conclusions.ConclusionsMore and higher quality research is needed to determine if there is a public health problem to be addressed through facility regulation and, if so, which facility characteristics may result in consistent improvements to patient safety while not adversely affecting patient experience or service availability.
Morphological paradox of disparid crinoids (Echinodermata): phylogenetic analysis of a Paleozoic clade

Phylogenetic relationships within the parvclass Disparida are evaluated using parsimony-based phylogenetic methods. The Disparida is a combination of forms with simplified morphologies and forms with highly specialized morphologies. The latter, e.g., Acolocrinidae, Calceocrinidae, Catillocrinidae, and Myelodactylidae, are consistently identified as clades, as are some simplified forms, such as the Allagecrinidae, Eustenocrinidae, and Tetragonocrinidae. The Iocrinidae is typically recovered as a paraphyletic grade between the outgroup the oldest disparid, Alphacrinus, and more tipward disparids. The primary aspects of disparid phylogeny that remain ambiguous using parsimony analysis are the Cincinnaticrinidae and Homocrinidae, each of which is broadly paraphyletic with taxa in basal and/or derived positions, the status of several monogeneric families, and the phylogenetic position of disparids too poorly known to include in phylogenetic analysis.
What Do You See in the Cloud? Understanding the Cloud-Based User Experience through Practices

End users have begun to incorporate cloud-based services into their collaborative practices. What spurs and constrains this adoption? Are the cloud services understood adequately and used effectively? How might we intervene to promote a better connection between user practices and cloud services? In this study, we focus on collaborative practices that surround the adoption, use, and understanding of two popular, but sometimes contrasting, cloud services for creating and sharing content: Dropbox and Google Docs. We conducted 22 in-depth interviews with people who used these services, including collaborators who used the services together, and people who had migrated from Google Docs to Google Drive. We found that users thought of the cloud in terms of the practices it helped them accomplish. Their understanding of the cloud was often shaped by the particular file storage and sharing technologies the cloud was replacing (remediation). Furthermore, collaborating with others through the cloud sometimes revealed different assumptions about how the cloud worked, leading users to develop socially negotiated practices around their use of the cloud. We use this analysis to identify some specific opportunities for designers to help users build more accurate conceptual models of the cloud and use its capabilities more fully: (1) when users are adopting the cloud to enact a practice; (2) when users are replacing an existing technology with the cloud; and (3) when users are encountering others’ practices through collaboration.
Integrative Therapies for People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory illness distinguished by irreversible airflow limitation. It includes a spectrum of obstructive lung diseases, especially chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and despite optimal medical and pharmacological therapy, most people with COPD continue to suffer from symptoms of chronic, progressive dyspnea, cough, and fatigue. Patients must manage these symptoms themselves or with the support of caregivers on a day-to-day basis. Therefore, many patients turn to complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) for symptom relief. The purpose of this chapter is to review a wide variety of CAM therapies that have been described or tested in patients with COPD, including body-based practices such as massage, mind–body and movement practices such as acupuncture/acupressure or yoga, natural products such as aromatics and supplements, and whole medical systems such as Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine. The current state of the science concerning most CAM therapies for patients with COPD consists of awareness of therapies that patients anecdotally report to be beneficial, and exploratory pilot studies to document safety and efficacy. Many patients choose to use CAM therapies without consulting their medical doctor. Consequently, it is important for conventional medical providers to educate themselves about CAM options and inquire about each patient’s CAM practices to ensure safety of the treatment regimen.
Lonely Trailblazers: Examining the Early Implementation of Geospatial Technologies in Science Classrooms

Before widespread professional development programs were created to support classroom adoption of GIS technology and methods, a small but influential handful of science teachers not only learned how to use GIS but found ways of using it to drive deep scientific inquiry in the classroom. Because these educators were few in number, largely working on their own, and were innovators, they can be thought of as “lonely trailblazers.” This chapter explores the technical and pedagogical commonalities, implementation patterns, strategies of success, and habits of mind that these isolated yet pioneering teachers share. The challenges and triumphs of these educators are identified, providing parallels to today’s educators.
Modulation of Learning and Memory: Effects of Drugs Influencing Neurotransmitters

Drugs have been utilized for many years as experimental tools in the analysis of the biological mechanisms underlying behavior. An assumption implicit in this approach is that an assessment of the actions of various drugs on behavior, coupled with knowledge of mechanisms of drug action, will provide important information concerning the neurobiological bases of behavior.
Rethinking Conditional Federal Grants and the Independent Constitutional Bar Test

The Spending Clause has been interpreted to grant extremely broad discretion for Congress to offer conditional grants to the states - most recently in South Dakota v. Dole. Criticism of the deferential Dole standard abounds. Once the Rehnquist Court began reasserting federalism limits, however, most thought it was only a matter of time until the spending power was similarly limited. Those predictions never came to fruition.This Note argues that the Spending Clause should be limited by reinterpreting the independent constitutional bar test described in Dole. Many have argued for limiting the spending power, but the possibility of using the independent constitutional bar test for this purpose has been almost completely ignored. The current test tautologically bars only grants with facially unconstitutional conditions. The new interpretation of the independent constitutional bar test proposed in this Note would invalidate any condition that could not be pursued directly by the federal government.This new interpretation is supported by United States v. Butler, the authoritative case on the scope of the spending power according to the Dole Court. It also makes more sense in light of the New Federalism cases that reasserted limits on federal power. Federalism is not adequately protected by the political process, contrary to the claims of some, and this new interpretation of the independent constitutional bar test would help to preserve it. This is worthwhile since federalism tends to increase both individual liberty and overall well-being.This Note will proceed as follows. Part II will briefly summarize the spending power and Dole. It will then contrast current Spending Clause doctrine with the unconstitutional conditions doctrine, and argue against the second-class treatment afforded federalism interests. Part III will analyze the legal origins of the independent constitutional bar test, as well as Dole‘s interpretation of it. Part III will continue by critiquing the Court‘s current interpretation of the independent constitutional bar test. Part IV will propose a new independent constitutional bar test that is both constitutionally and normatively superior to the current test. Part IV will also explain why political safeguards cannot be relied on to protect federalism interests, and why extremely broad interpretations of the spending power are unconvincing. Part V will conclude the Note.
Corrosion evaluation of stainless steel root weld shielding

The effect of five shielding methods for gas tungsten arc root pass welds, on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel was evaluated in two laboratory solutions. The first experiment was performed in 6% ferric chloride solution, a test designed to corrode stainless steel. The second experiment was performed in a simulated paper machine white water solution that contained hydrogen peroxide. Argon shielding produced excellent results by maintaining corrosion resistance in both solutions. Nitrogen purging and flux coated TIG rod techniques produced variable results. Paste fluxes and welding without shielding are not recommended for root protection. They performed very poorly with the welds corroding in both tests.
Multispecialty surgical management of carotid body tumors in the modern era.

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to assess the perioperative and long-term outcomes of carotid body tumor (CBT) resection with a multispecialty (head and neck surgery/vascular surgery) approach. Methods Our institutional data registry was queried for Current Procedural Terminology codes (60600, 60605) pertaining to CBT excision. These patient records and operative reports were individually reviewed to determine laterality, preoperative tumor embolization, operative time, estimated blood loss, need for intraoperative transfusion, intraoperative electroencephalogram changes, intraoperative division of the external carotid artery, carotid artery repair, resection of the carotid bifurcation, tumor volume, final pathology, cranial nerve injury, stroke, death, and clinical or radiographic evidence of recurrence. Results From 1996 to 2018, 74 CBT resections were identified in 68 patients (41 [60%] females; mean age, 50.83 years). The mean tumor volume was 9.92 ± 14.26 cm3 (range, 0.0250-71.0627 cm3). Embolization was performed by a neurointerventional specialist in 27 CBT resections (36%) based on size (embolization 14.27 ± 16.84 cm3 vs 7.17 ± 11.86 cm3; P = .063) and superior extension. This practice resulted in one asymptomatic vertebral dissection, which postponed the surgery. There was a trend toward greater blood loss in the embolization group (embolization 437 ± 545 mL vs 262 ± 222 mL; P = .17); however, no transfusions were required in any patient. The mean operative time was also significantly longer in the embolization group (198.33 ± 61.13 minutes vs 161.5 ± 55.56 minutes; P = .03). Three resections had reversible intraoperative electroencephalogram changes, one of which occurred during carotid clamping. These changes resolved with shunting. Eight external carotid resections (11%) and 6 carotid reconstructions (8.1%; two primary, two patch, and two primary anastomosis) were required. Malignancy was identified in four tumors (5.4%), accounting for four of the six carotid reconstructions. There were no postoperative cranial nerve injuries, no strokes, no reexplorations, and no deaths. One patient developed transient dysphagia from pharyngeal tumor infiltration. Long-term follow-up (mean, 43 ± 54 months), available in 61 of the 68 patients (89.7%), revealed three (4.4%) recurrences. Conclusions This large, single-institution series demonstrates that a multispecialty team combining two surgical skill sets for the treatment of this rare, challenging condition yields unparalleled low complication rates with short operative times. This approach, including long-term surveillance for recurrent disease, should be considered to optimize outcomes of CBT resection.
Microalgal cultivation for biofertilization in rice plants using a vertical semi-closed airlift photobioreactor

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important limiting factors in conventional rice (Oryza sativa) production, which heavily relies on synthetic fertilizers. In this study, we researched on the development and use of a vertical semi-closed airlift photobioreactor (PBR) for microalgal cultivation and subsequently determined the efficacy of microalgae-based fertilizers to rice plant growth. The PBR system was developed to produce two strains of N2-fixing cyanobacteria (Anabaena sp. UTEX 2576, Nostoc muscorum UTEX 2209S), and a polyculture of Chlorella vulgaris (UTEX 2714) and Scenedesmus dimorphus (UTEX 1237). When these biofertilizers were evaluated for rice under the greenhouse conditions, results showed that the rice plant heights treated with polyculture-based microalgal biomass were similar to or better than the urea treatment. The effects of the inoculation of the N2-fixing cyanobacterial inoculation on seedling growth was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the vertical semi-closed system PBR cultivation method developed in this study proved to be a simple and effective method for cultivating microalgae. Demonstration of the reliable production system for N2-fixing cyanobacteria and chlorophytes at a medium scale could potentially open the future application of microalgal biofertilizers in rice production.
Bioinspired structural color sensors based on responsive soft materials

Abstract Structural colors in nature have inspired the design of diverse photonic structures, which can interact with light via interference, diffraction or scattering. Among them, responsive soft material-involved photonic structures uniquely feature large volumetric changes upon external stimuli. The volumetric changes result in peak/valley shift of reflection spectra and perceptible color changes, providing responsive soft material-based structural color systems capability of serving as sensors for detecting chemical and biological analytes. Synthetic polymers and some natural materials are the most studied and utilized responsive soft materials for constructing structural color sensors, by tuning the thickness and morphology of formed films, or incorporating them into template structures, or their self-assembling. In this review article, structural colors in nature are firstly introduced, followed by discussing recent developments of promising responsive soft material-based structural color sensors, including the design of structural color sensors based on synthetic polymers and natural materials, as well as their applications for chemical sensing, biosensing, and multi-analyte sensing with sensor arrays. For specific sensing of chemicals and biomolecules, the sensing performance is evaluated in terms of detection range, sensitivity, response time, and selectivity. For multi-analyte sensing, cross-reactive structural sensor arrays based on simply a single soft material will be shown capable of discriminating various series of similar compounds. The future development of structural color sensors is also proposed and discussed.
Spreadsheet computations of a symmetric double wedge airfoil in supersonic flow

In this paper, the virtues of spreadsheet computation are demonstrated by determining the well-known lift and drag characteristics of a symmetric double wedge airfoil in supersonic flow. The comput...
Semantics-aware scheduling policies for synchronization determinism

A common task for all deterministic multithreading (DMT) systems is to enforce synchronization determinism. However, synchronization determinism has not been the focus of existing DMT research. Instead, most DMT systems focused on how to order data races remained after synchronization determinism is enforced. Consequently, existing scheduling policies for synchronization determinism all have limitations. They may either require performance annotations to achieve good performance or fail to provide schedule stability. In this paper, we argue that synchronization determinism is more fundamental to DMT systems than existing research suggests and propose efficient and effective scheduling policies. Our key insight is that synchronization operations actually encode programmers' intention on how inter-thread communication should be done and can be used as hints while scheduling synchronization operations. Based on this insight, we have built QiThread, a synchronization-determinism system with semantics-aware scheduling policies. Results of a diverse set of 108 programs show that QiThread is able to achieve comparable low overhead as state-of-the-art synchronization-determinism systems without the limitations associated with them.
Integrating a brain into a bat robot

The sophisticated biosonar systems of horseshoe bats have enabled these animals to navigate and pursue prey in complex environments. A conspicuous peripheral dynamics in which the animals' noseleaves and pinnae change during biosonar behaviors could play an important role in enabling these capabilities. It may be hypothesized that for the integration between peripheral dynamics and neural signal processing/estimation to be maximally effective, the periphery should be controlled by feedback from the output of the subsequent neural echo processing. In the way, the specifics of sensory information encoding in the periphery could be controlled based on the needs of the neural signal processing. As a first step towards such an integration in a biomimetic sonar head, a computational model for the inner ear and the auditory nerve's spike code has been integrated with a dynamic periphery that—like the computational models—mimics horseshoe bats. For each model stage, alternative versions with different levels of complexity have been implemented to test how module complexity and the values of the associated parameters affect the capacity of the echo representation to encode sensory information. These effects have been tested based on a large dataset of 220 000 echoes collected in natural forest environments.
Gaseous and particle emissions in low-temperature combustion diesel–HCNG dual-fuel operation with double pilot injection

Abstract Alternative fuels and energy vectors are becoming increasingly important in terms of technical, geopolitical, economic, and environmental aspects. In particular, gaseous fuels and vectors, such as fossil or synthetic natural gas (NG) blended with hydrogen, commonly help provide optimal strategies to reduce global and toxic emissions of internal combustion engines, owing to their adaptability, anti-knock capacity, lower toxicity of pollutants, reduced CO2 emissions, and cost-effectiveness. However, diesel engines still represent the reference category among internal combustion engines in terms of maximum thermodynamic efficiency. The possibility offered by dual-fuel (DF) systems to combine the efficiency and performance of diesel engines with the environmental advantages of gaseous fuels has been the subject of extensive investigations. However, the simple replacement of diesel fuel with gaseous fuel does not allow for optimising the engine performance, owing to the high percentage of unburned gaseous fuel, which compromises the potential reduction of CO2; therefore, more complex combustion strategies should be realised. In this study, with the aim of improving the DF combustion process, an experimental investigation was performed to analyse low-temperature combustion (LTC), using NG and two enriched hydrogen-compressed NG blends as primary fuels. The LTC mode was activated by means of a very early advanced pilot injection and carried out in two close steps. The double pilot injection was used to control the energy release rate in the first combustion stage, thereby minimizing the increase of the rate of pressure and allowing the extension of the operation range under LTC. The experimental activity was also focused on analysing the particle emissions, as it is well known that these emissions, together with those of nitrogen oxide, constitute the main pollutants resulting from diesel fuel combustion. The results demonstrated the potential to reduce the unburned fuel, NOx, and particle emissions simultaneously, while maintaining equivalent CO2 emissions to a diesel-only engine. Both the timing and pressure of the pilot injection proved to be critical parameters for optimising the emissions and performance.
Move Me a Story: Augmenting Story Genres with Creative Movement

Stories, movement, and play contribute to children’s cognitive, physical, social, and emotional well-being. In this chapter, two artists-in-residence describe how educators and families can use stories to promote children’s innate physicality through creative movement. Building on Laban Movement Analysis, the Move BEST framework provides a structure for building children’s movement capacities. This framework includes five dimensions of movement that are accessible for non-dance teachers and young children including locomotor and non-locomotor movement, body, efforts, space and time. Educators follow an instructional sequence of imitation, exploration, and creation as they use elements from this framework with various story genres. These genres include the literary genres of poetry, fairytales, folktales, and fables; musical genres of cumulative songs and orchestral music; and visual genres of pictograms and tableaux. Throughout these movement and play-based activities, young learners employ a repertoire of increasingly complex movement elements, and their movement sequences become more abstract, nonliteral, and varied. Creative movement and stories are complementary processes in helping children grow as artists, creative problem solvers, community members, and kinesthetic beings.
Characterization of Kummer hypergeometric Bernoulli polynomials and applications

Abstract In this paper, we present two characterizations of the sequences of Kummer hypergeometric polynomials B a , b , n ( x ) and Kummer hypergeometric polynomials of the second kind K a , b , n ( x ) , which are respectively defined by the exponential generating functions: e x t M ( a , a + b ; t ) = ∑ n = 0 ∞ B a , b , n ( x ) t n n ! and e x t U ( a , a + b ; t ) = ∑ n = 0 ∞ K a , b , n ( x ) t n n ! with M ( a , b ; t ) = ∑ n = 0 ∞ ( a ) n ( b ) n t n n ! , where U ( a , a + b ; t ) is the Kummer hypergeometric function of the second kind. First we construct Gauss–Weierstrass-type convolution operators T w a , b with a well-chosen kernel (density) function for each sequence of Kummer hypergeometric polynomials and for Kummer hypergeometric polynomials of the second kind. Then we characterize Kummer hypergeometric polynomials as the only Appell polynomials having a weighted-integral mean equal to zero. Our approach is inspired by the Gauss–Weierstrass convolution transform for Hermite polynomials and the Kummer integral representation for confluent hypergeometric functions.
An endpoint Balian-Low theorem for Schauder bases

Abstract We prove two new results on the validity of the Balian-Low theorem in the setting of Schauder bases. Our first main result proves an endpoint Balian-Low theorem for Gabor systems that form Schauder bases for L 2 ( R ) : if g ∈ L 2 ( R ) is compactly supported and ∫ | ξ | 2 | g ˆ ( ξ ) | 2 d ξ ∞ then the Gabor system G ( g , 1 , 1 ) cannot be a Schauder basis of so-called type Λ. Our second main result proves that the classical Balian-Low theorem for orthonormal bases and Riesz bases fails in the setting of Schauder bases. In particular, given ϵ > 0 , there exists g ∈ L 2 ( R ) such that G ( g , 1 , 1 ) is a Schauder basis for L 2 ( R ) and such that ∫ | t | 3 − ϵ | g ( t ) | 2 d t ∞ and ∫ | ξ | 3 − ϵ | g ˆ ( ξ ) | 2 d ξ ∞ .
A phase I dose escalation study of pharmacobiologically based scheduling of capecitabine and mitomycin C (MMC) in patients with gastrointestinal solid malignancies

15154 Background: A principal determinant of the therapeutic index of capecitabine-based treatment is the grade of thymidine phosphorylase(dThdPase) activity in malignant tissues. MMC, an agent tha...
Factors Influencing Exercise Following Pancreatic Tumor Resection.

We previously demonstrated associations between exercise during pancreatic cancer treatment and quality of life and physical fitness prior to pancreatectomy. In this study, we quantified exercise among survivors following pancreatic tumor resection and characterized concordance with established guidelines. We quantified exercise frequency, duration, and intensity among survivors who underwent pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma or a neuroendocrine tumor at our center from 2000 to 2017 and compared them with American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines for Cancer Survivors. Additional surveys measured motivation to exercise, barrier self-efficacy, quality of life, and fatigue. Multivariable models were constructed to evaluate associations between clinicodemographic and psychosocial variables and guideline concordance, and between guideline concordance and quality of life and fatigue. Of 504 eligible survivors, 262 (52%) returned surveys. Only 62 participants (24%) reported meeting both aerobic and strengthening guidelines; 103 (39%) reported meeting neither. Adjusted analyses demonstrated that higher autonomous motivation was associated with higher aerobic and strengthening guideline concordance (both p 0.05). We found favorable associations between aerobic guideline concordance and both quality of life and fatigue (both p < 0.001). Less than one-quarter of participants exercised sufficiently to meet national exercise guidelines following pancreatectomy. To maximize exercise and related benefits, interventions should help survivors increase intrinsic motivation and overcome barriers to exercise.
Characteristics and limitations of a secondary dose check software for VMAT plan calculation.

PURPOSE To assess the implementation, accuracy, and validity of the dosimetric leaf gap correction (DLGC) in Mobius3D VMAT plan calculations. METHODS The optimal Mobius3D DLGC was determined for both a TrueBeam with a Millennium multi-leaf collimator and a TrueBeamSTx with a high-definition multi-leaf collimator. By analyzing a broad series of seven VMAT plans and comparing the calculated to the measured dose delivered to a cylindrical phantom, optimal DLGC values were determined by minimizing the dose difference for both the collection of all plans, as well as for each plan individually. The effects of plan removal from the optimization of the collective DLGC value, as well as plan-specific DLGC values, were explored to determine the impact of plan suite design on the final DLGC determination. RESULTS Optimal collective DLGC values across all energies were between -0.71 and 0.89 mm for the TrueBeam, and between 0.35 and 1.85 mm for the TrueBeamSTx. The dose differences ranged between -6.1% and 2.6% across all plans when the optimal collective DLGC values were used. On a per-plan basis, the plan-specific optimal DLGC values ranged from -4.36 to 2.35 mm for the TrueBeam, and between -1.83 and 2.62 mm for the TrueBeamSTx. Comparing the plan-specific optimal DLGC to the average absolute leaf position from the central axis for each plan, a negative correlation was observed. CONCLUSIONS The optimal DLGC determination depends on the plans investigated, making it essential for users to utilize a suite of test plans that encompasses the full range of expected clinical plans when determining the optimal DLGC value. Validation of the secondary dose calculation should always be based on measurements, and not a comparison with the primary TPS. Varying disagreement with measurements across plans for a single DLGC value indicates potential limitations in the Mobius3D MLC model.
Ceteris Paribusiness: On the Power of Salient Exceptions

For over four decades feminist linguists and philosophers of language have addressed the semantic, cognitive, and political factors associated with gender asymmetries in nominal and pronominal choice (see Miller & Swift, 1977 for an early survey and Saul, 2017 for a recent overview). The sociolinguistic spotlight has focused on the history, extent, and implications of the prescriptively sanctioned use of man and he for sex-neutral reference—he/man language in Martyna (1980)’s term. Bare singular and simple indefinite man in (1a, b) exemplify this use, while the bare singulars in (2) yield the male-specific meaning exhibited by the man or that man.
Experimental investigation of cavitation in elastomeric seismic isolation bearings

Abstract Design standards for seismic isolation of nuclear power plants in USA will consider the effects of beyond design basis loadings, including extreme earthquakes. Seismic isolation is being considered for new build nuclear power plant construction and design of isolation systems will have to consider these extreme loadings, which includes the possibility of net tensile force in bearings under beyond design basis shaking. A series of experiments were conducted at University at Buffalo to characterize the behavior of elastomeric bearings in tension. Sixteen low damping rubber bearings from two manufacturers, with similar geometric properties but different shear moduli, were tested under various loading conditions to determine factors that affect cavitation in an elastomeric bearing. The effect of cavitation on the shear and axial properties of elastomeric bearings was investigated by performing post-cavitation tests. The test data were used to validate a phenomenological model of an elastomeric bearing in tension, which is implemented in OpenSees, ABAQUS and LS-DYNA.
Using ant colony optimization for loss minimization in distribution networks

Distribution systems have to bear different loading patterns at different times. This change in load causes distribution feeders to be overloaded at sometimes and lightly loaded at others. With this load variation, operating conditions of distribution system also vary. If not compensated well, voltage at different buses goes out of nominal range and real loss on the feeders also increases, leading to high operating cost of the system. However, with the advancement in automation of distribution networks, systems like SCADA have made possible to change the topology of the distribution network in real time for minimizing real loss in the system and for improving voltage profile at the buses. The configuration of the system is changed by changing the status of switches such that load is transferred from heavily loaded feeders to lightly loaded feeders. This paper proposes using ant colony optimization (ACO) for solving reconfiguration problem for loss minimization. Ant system, one of the ACO algorithms, has been implemented in a novel hypercube framework on a 33-bus test system and the results obtained show that ACO performs as well as any other proposed method for loss minimization. In fact, this ACO algorithm found the most optimum solution found so far by any other method proposed in the literature for the 33-bus test system considered.