cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Stochastic modeling of seafloor morphology; Resolution of topographic parameters by sea beam data

The authors explore the resolving power of an inversion algorithm which estimates five parameters of the seafloor covariance function from a single swath of multibeam echosounding data. The resolving power is evaluated as a function of the swath length, the orientation of ship track with respect to topographic grain, and the response width of the sounding system. The analysis is conducted by inverting sets of synthetic data with known statistics. The mean and standard deviation of the inverted parameters can be directly compared with the input parameters and the standard errors output from the inversion. Experiments show that resolution of the covariance parameters is strongly dependent on the number of characteristic lengths which are sampled. Root-mean-square seafloor height can be estimated to within approximately 15%, and anisotropic orientation to within approximately 5% (for a strong lineation), using track lengths as short as three characteristic lengths. >
Review of Water Flow in Soils, 2nd Ed., by Tsuyoshi Miyazaki

This book is composed of nine chapters. The first six chapters and the last chapter are written by Miyazaki; Chapter 7 is co-authored with K. Seki, and Chapter 8 with S. Hasegawa and T. Kasubuchi. For an authored book this seems an unusual arrangement. Introducing the system of units employed in the book, Chapter 1 discusses the structure of soils and the retentivity of water therein. The structure includes both solid phase and soil pores, as well as liquid phase and gas phase in soil pores. Matric potential, soil moisture characteristic curves, osmotic effect on retentitivity, and hysteresis encompass the material on the retentivity of water in soils. Chapter 2, containing five parts, discusses physical laws of water flow in soils. Introducing Darcy’s law for water flux in one, two, and three dimensions, the first part goes on to present basic equations governing the flow of water in soils, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and empirical relations thereof, and soil water diffusivity without any mathematical relations. The second part discusses the gas-phase configuration in unsaturated flow, including free and entrapped air in soils, forced-closed system, water flow in open systems, and significance of gas-phase configuration in fields. The discussion is comprehensive and has a lot of significance in irrigated agriculture and hydrologic modeling, as well as solute transport. The third part is on infiltration and discusses basic aspects of infiltration and infiltration into dry soils and wet soils. Mathematical equations of infiltration included are Horton, Holtan, Green–Ampt, and Philip. There are other useful empirical and conceptual equations, such as Kostyakov, SCS-CN, Singh-Yu, Smith, Parlange, and others, that have been found to be useful in irrigation engineering and watershed modeling, but have not been included. Steady flows, both upward and downward, are discussed in Part IV. The last part deals with transient flow in soils, including evaporation, redistribution, and water flow in deep soils. The chapter is quite good but would have been stronger if it had a discussion on stochasticity and reliability of different formulations. A discussion of errors and limitations of different formulations is helpful to the reader. Refraction of water flow in soils is the subject matter of Chapter 3. It encompasses refraction of flux, theory of refraction, jump condition, visualization of refraction in layered soils, and verification of refraction theory experimentally as well as numerically. Refraction and anisotropy coefficient in saturated layered and unsaturated layered soils, and refractive anisotropy coefficient in two-layered and multilayered models, are also treated in the chapter. This provides a comprehensive treatment of refraction theory. Chapter 4 deals with preferential flow. Beginning with a classification of flow, it goes on to discuss general features; vertical and lateral bypassing flow; criteria and hydrodynamics of fingering flow; and nature, experimental observation, qualitative features, and modeling of funneled flow. Both saturated and
Impact of Disease Risk on Efficacy of Matched Related Bone Marrow Transplantation for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The Children's Oncology Group

Purpose There is considerable variation in the use of HLA-matched related bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for the treatment of pediatric patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Some oncologists have argued that BMT should be offered to most patients in first complete remission (CR). Others have maintained that transplantation in first remission should be reserved for patients with high-risk disease. We performed this study to determine how disease risk influences the efficacy of BMT. Methods We combined data from four cooperative group clinical trials: Pediatric Oncology Group 8821, Children's Cancer Group (CCG) 2891, CCG 2961, and Medical Research Council 10. Using cytogenetics and the percentage of marrow blasts after the first course of chemotherapy, patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor-risk disease groups. Patients who could not be risk classified were analyzed separately. Outcomes for patients assigned to BMT and for patients assigned to chemotherapy a...
Clinical outcomes using a flexible regimen of GnRH-antagonists and a 'step-up' of additional gonadotropins in donor oocyte cycles.

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the impact of serum estradiol upon oocyte donor cycle stimulation characteristics and clinical outcomes using flexible GnRH-antagonist (GnRH‑ant) with additional FSH supplementation.Research design and methods: A retrospective chart review of 99 oocyte donor cycles using ovarian hyperstimulation with recombinant FSH (rFSH) and GnRH‑ant was analyzed. Following discontinuation of oral contraceptives, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was begun using rFSH (150–300 IU daily). GnRH‑ant (ganirelix, Organon) and an additional 75 IU of FSH/day were begun when lead follicles were 13–14 mm in greatest diameter. Cycles were analyzed based on serum estradiol response following administration of GnRH‑ant (Group 1: progressive rise and Group 2: no rise or a decline). Primary endpoints were cycle stimulation characteristics based on serum estradiol following GnRH‑ant, clinical pregnancy and implantation rates.Results: A decline in serum estradiol was seen after GnRH‑ant administration in 4...
The MetJ regulon in gammaproteobacteria determined by comparative genomics methods

Whole-genome sequencing of bacteria has proceeded at an exponential pace but annotation validation has lagged behind. For instance, the MetJ regulon, which controls methionine biosynthesis and transport, has been studied almost exclusively in E. coli and Salmonella, but homologs of MetJ exist in a variety of other species. These include some that are pathogenic (e.g. Yersinia) and some that are important for environmental remediation (e.g. Shewanella) but many of which have not been extensively characterized in the literature. We have determined the likely composition of the MetJ regulon in all species which have MetJ homologs using bioinformatics techniques. We show that the core genes known from E. coli are consistently regulated in other species, and we identify previously unknown members of the regulon. These include the cobalamin transporter, btuB; all the genes involved in the methionine salvage pathway; as well as several enzymes and transporters of unknown specificity. The MetJ regulon is present and functional in five orders of gammaproteobacteria: Enterobacteriales, Pasteurellales, Vibrionales, Aeromonadales and Alteromonadales. New regulatory activity for MetJ was identified in the genomic data and verified experimentally. This strategy should be applicable for the elucidation of regulatory pathways in other systems by using the extensive sequencing data currently being generated.
Time of Recombination in the DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Oocyte. III. Selection and Characterization of Temperature-Sensitive and -Insensitive, Recombination-Deficient Alleles in Drosophila.

ABSTRACT The procedure for the selection of a temperature-sensitive recombination mutant in Drosophila is described. Use of this procedure has led to the recovery of three alleles at a new recombination locus called rec-1 , located within the region of chromosome 3 circumscribed by Deficiency (3R)sbd 105 . One allele, rec-1 26 , is temperature sensitive, and the other two alleles, rec-1 6 and rec-1 16 , are temperature insensitive. Gene dosage studies reveal rec-1 26 to be a leaky mutant with greater recombination activity in two doses than in one. The other two alleles show no dose response, implying that they may be null mutants. The temperature response curves of rec-1 26 as a homozygote and in heteroallelic combination with rec-1 16 suggest that the sharp decrease in recombination between 28° and 31° indicates temperature denaturation of an enzyme or other protein specified by the mutant and associated with the recombination process. The ability of small changes in temperature to reverse or abolish polarity in recombination along the X chromosome arm in rec-1 26 / rec-1 16 females brings into question the use of the "polarity" criterion to partition mutants into two functional types, i.e. , precondition mutants that display polarity and exchange mutants that do not. Evidence that rec-1 may be part of a complex locus residing in a chromosome segment harboring a variety of recombination-related genes is presented.
Soft-linked quadtree: a cascaded ring structure using flexible linkage concept

The quadtree is a variant of the maximal block representation scheme. The author introduces the concept of flexible linkage and a modular ring structure. A soft-linked quadtree can be put together by various admissable permutations of three rings. Each ring consists of two nodes with uniform and/or mixed label. Each node, in contrast to a conventional quadtree, has only a probabilistic affiliation to various segments of an image. Moreover, the links between father and son nodes are soft and characterized by a branch strength. All nodes have children; the degree of mutual attachment is the variable. The presence of soft links gives rise to an up projection effect whereby the classification of children impacts the ancestor's original label. This impact is modeled as a recursive relationship between all nodal state probabilities, branch strengths and tree depth. The implication of this approach for some existing quadtree-based algorithm is discussed. >
FastForward for Efficient Pipeline Parallelism

High-rate core-to-core communication is critical for efficient pipeline-parallel software architectures. This paper introduces FastForward, a software-only low-overhead high-rate queue algorithm for pipeline parallelism on multicore architectures. FastForward uses an architecturally- tuned domain-specific adaptation of concurrent lock-free queues to provide low-latency and low-overhead core-to- core communication. Enqueue and dequeue times on a 2 GHz Opteron 270 based system are as low as 36 ns, up to 4x faster than Lamport's solution.
The Climate Visualizer: Sense-Making through Scientific Visualization

This paper describes the design of a learning environment, called the Climate Visualizer, intended to facilitate scientific sense-making in high school classrooms by providing students the ability to craft, inspect, and annotate scientific visualizations. The theoretical back-ground for our design presents a view of learning as acquiring and critiquing cultural practices and stresses the need for students to appropriate the social and material aspects of practice when learning an area. This is followed by a description of the design of the Climate Visualizer, including detailed accounts of its provision of spatial and temporal context and the quantitative and visual representations it employs. A broader context is then explored by describing its integration into the high school science classroom. This discussion explores how visualizations can promote the creation of scientific theories, especially in conjunction with the Collaboratory Notebook, an embedded environment for creating and critiquing scientific theories and visualizations. Finally, we discuss the design trade-offs we have made in light of our theoretical orientation, and our hopes for further progress.
Temperature of vortex systems at high energy

Abstract The temperature of a system of two-dimensional point vortices is shown to be bounded away from zero at high energy. The proof makes use of a novel formula for temperature.
Dual Signals: How Competition Makes or Breaks Interfirm Social Ties

Research has documented the benefits of social ties across boundaries of competing firms but has not specified when competition enables such ties or when it damages them. Ninety semistructured interviews sought to elicit answers to this question from leaders of drug development companies in the San Francisco Bay Area. The informants reported withholding social ties from counterparts in competing companies if these companies affirmed to them the goal conflict aspect of the competition relation; they reported social connectedness to individuals in competing companies if these companies affirmed to them joint professional affiliation, the other necessary aspect of competition. Unique quantitative data on competition and social relations in the Bay Area's drug development industry confirmed this pattern for weak social ties acquaintance. Strong social ties friendship were not affected by any examined organizational or interorganizational factors.
Model-based sensor fault detection and isolation in gas turbine

This paper studies an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Multi-Model Hypothesis Testing (MMHT) based sensor fault detection and isolation (FDI) scheme. The discussion is focused on fault signature generation and MMHT rather than EKF design. The proposed FDI logic is designed in the model parameter space that works for both input sensors, (i.e. sensing instruments of ambient and actuators), and output sensors from a model standpoint. A Filter bank is designed for robustness to separate the disturbances from sensor faults by utilizing their differences in dynamics. The proposed algorithm is verified throughout the entire gas turbine operation envelope with Monte Carlo simulation including measurement noise and bias, transients, heat soak dynamic inaccuracy and parameter variations. Numerical simulation results show that the technique can produce acceptable performance in terms of fault detection, false alarm and isolation.
Social Work Students' Perceptions of Team-Based Learning.

This study sought to examine social work students’ perceptions of Team-Based Learning (N = 154). Aside from looking at overall student perceptions, comparative analyses examined differences in perceptions between BSW and MSW students, and between Caucasian students and students of color. Findings for the overall sample revealed favorable perceptions. The majority of students felt that Team-Based Learning effectively relayed content while teaching higher order cognitive skills. No differences emerged between MSW and BSW students; however, there were significant differences between students of color and Caucasian students, with the former feeling more isolated and singled out. Implications for practice are discussed.
Utilization of a Cloud-Based Diabetes Management Program for Insulin Initiation and Titration Enables Collaborative Decision Making Between Healthcare Providers and Patients

Abstract Background: Overseeing proper insulin initiation and titration remains a challenging task in diabetes care. Recent advances in mobile technology have enabled new models of collaborative care between patients and healthcare providers (HCPs). We hypothesized that the adoption of such technology could help individuals starting basal insulin achieve better glycemic control compared with standard clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This was a 12 ± 2-week randomized controlled study with 40 individuals with type 2 diabetes who were starting basal insulin due to poor glycemic control. The control group (n = 20) received standard face-to-face care and phone follow-up as needed in a tertiary center, whereas the intervention group (n = 20) received care through the cloud-based diabetes management program where regular communications about glycemic control and insulin doses were conducted via patient self-tracking tools, shared decision-making interfaces, secure text messages, and virtual visits (audi...
“Eine Aufgekratztheit im Theater”: Acting the Agon at the Volksbühne am Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz

When the Berlin Wall came down, Berlin had no fewer than sixteen public theatres, five in the West, and eleven in the East. It would be the task of the municipal government to integrate these into some kind of unified cultural program for the new German capital. My article investigates the implementation of this governmental agenda through the lens of its arguably greatest success: the Volksbuhne am Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz. Led by Frank Castorf – whose term as artistic director will conclude in 2017 – this theatre quickly became the hotspot of artistic experimentation and political contestation in unified Berlin. Through a close-reading of Castorf’s Clockwork Orange (1993), I demonstrate how the Volksbuhne ensemble’s theatre practice made visible social antagonisms both on the stage and within the audience. This contestative or – to borrow Chantal Mouffe’s term – agonistic mode of theatre earned the Volksbuhne a unique position in the Berlin public sphere, which it has struggled to maintain through Berlin’s ...
Whose responsibility? A call for active participation. 1989 American Academy of Neurology presidential address.

Reflexions sur le systeme de sante americain. Evolution depuis 1910. Des suggestions sont apportees
Five centuries of U.S. West Coast drought: Occurrence, spatial distribution, and associated atmospheric circulation patterns

The U.S. West Coast drought commencing in 2012 developed in association with a large, persistent high-pressure ridge linked to internal atmospheric variability. This study places the occurrence, spatial patterns, and associated circulation features of West Coast drought into a paleoclimate context through a synoptic dendroclimatology approach linking atmospheric circulation to surface hydroclimate patterns. Spatial reconstructions of upper atmosphere pressure patterns and cool-season drought show that West Coast-wide drought, although relatively rare compared to north-south dipole drought, has occurred periodically since 1500 Common Era and is consistently associated with a strong ridge centered along the Pacific Northwest coast. Atmospheric blocking is also linked to north-dry dipole droughts, while south-dry and wider Western droughts indicate La Nina-type patterns. The transition latitude between the northern and southern sides of the western precipitation dipole, important for California hydroclimate patterns, has had frequent year-to-year fluctuations but remained centered on 40°N over the past five centuries.
On non-binomial structure of cyclic 8-roots

Following pioneering works of Bjorck and Froberg for identification of the solution set of cyclic 8-roots (\(IC_8\)), with sole usage of computer algebra system, we present another application of our heuristic numerical-symbolic method to identify solution set of cyclic 8-roots, a system with non-binomial prime ideals in the prime decomposition of \(\sqrt{IC_8}\) which consists of 1152 isolated zeros, eight ideals of second degree and eight of degree sixteen all of dimension one. We use a fact in the theory of algebraic curves to solve the problem of primality and dimensionality of the presented ideals. As a theme for future research, we propose typical prime ideals in the prime decompositions of \(\sqrt{IC_{16}}\) and \(\sqrt{IC_{18}}\) (two largest unknown systems) for future research and application of the method.
Survey on the Knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Criminal Suspects

Objective To investigate the background knowledge of the criminal suspects on HIV/AIDS,and provide the basis for the health education and intervention to the high risk population mentioned above. Methods A questionnaire survey on the knowledge of HIV/AIDS was conducted amongst 376 suspects in a jail. The background on their education, history of drug abuse, and the nature of the criminal case were also recorded. Results The awareness of the HIV/AIDS in these suspects was significantly correlated with the gender, background education and types of suspects(P0.05). Suspects with college education had a highest ranking of awareness (e.g.route of transmission) of AIDS, and the ranking was lowest for non-educated suspects. The awareness of the AIDS between drug addicts and non-drug addicts was similar (P 0.05).Suspects who were involved in both prostitution and drug abuse had the lowest rate of awareness about the risk of contact with AIDS through multisexual partner behavior (62.83%). Conclusion For the prevention and control of AIDS, emphasis should be made on the high risk populations and special criminal suspects. These include a close monitoring and providing education to these high risk groups.
ID: 26: EXPLORING THE LONGITUDINAL TRANSCRIPTOMIC LANDSCAPE OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR TREATMENT RESPONSE IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS

The interpretation and implementation of large-scale genetic profiles into clinical practice remains a challenge despite substantial growth in our understanding of genetic contributors to drug response. Most current omic studies focus on identifying genetic features that are distinct between normal and tumor samples, but fail to capture the dynamics of association between omic profiles, treatment response and disease progression over time. The focus of this research is to analyze the longitudinal transcriptomic profile of chronic myeloid leukemia patients (CML) in context of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment and clinical status. The main objectives were to compare a series of post-TKI treatment transcriptome profiles to their baseline levels, and characterize the impact of TKI treatment and CML disease status on the individual9s transcriptome over time. Our ultimate goal is to develop TKI response predictors using the longitudinal expression data collected over the treatment course. Peripheral blood samples, buccal swabs and detailed clinical data were collected from each study participant (screened for BCR-ABL1 translocation) for a period of 6 months, in addition to pre-therapy baseline. RNA was extracted from granulocytes isolated from peripheral blood samples, and profiled using RNA sequencing. RNAseq profiles over TKI treatment course were compared to baseline, as well as against hematologic response (complete blood count), cytogenetic response (FISH), and clinical disease progression. We investigated dynamic trends in RNAseq profiles associated TKI response, as well as with the clinical status of the patient over time. We identified genetic features that were either 1) Differentially expressed between baseline and post-TKI time points; 2) Showed non-random spikes in expression levels at specific time points; 3) Associated with hematological and clinical phenotypes, including white blood cell count, percentage granulocytes and percentage cells with BCR-ABL1 translocation; 4) Demonstrated highly correlated patterns of expression over time. Through clustering and enrichment analysis of the selected transcripts, we identified several pathways and molecular features associated with TKI-response, and altered disease state. Of note, we found mTOR signaling, and pro-apoptotic pathways to be significantly altered between baseline and TKI-responding individuals. In addition, we observed significant changes in transcription regulatory network of several transcription factors, notably AP-1, over the treatment time course. To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish the utility of comprehensive longitudinal multiple transcriptome profile analysis of TKI-response in CML. We believe this study will pave way for future large-scale longitudinal omic profiling of CML and other cancer-types.
Synthesis of super water-condensing agent and its moisture-absorbing and swelling mechanism

To make a new-type super water-condensing agent and to research its moistureabsorbing and swelling mechanism,cross-linking poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide),a super water-condensing agent was synthesized.Its structure was characterized by using FTIR and SEM,its moisture-absorbing and water-condensing property was tested,and a three-dimensional network cross-linking structure of the super water-condensing agent was proved.Results show that there are a lot of micro-holes on the surface of the super water-condensing agent.Moreover,all the micro-holes of different sizes are perforated with each other in the interior.Moisture-absorbing and swelling mechanism of the super water-condensing agent was analyzed,including the surface absorption potential of the super water-condensing agent,water-molecule diffusion pressure and swelling principle.The direct connection between the micro-structure of the super water-condensing agent and the moisture-absorbing and water-condensing property was showed.
Abstract B031: Heat-inactivated modified vaccinia virus ankara induces type I IFN and antitumor immunity via the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway

Type I interferon (IFN), well known for its antiviral activity, is a critical component of cancer immune surveillance through its direct actions on cancer cells as well as on tumor microenvironment. Advanced melanoma remains a therapeutic challenge despite recent progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Novel approaches are needed to alter the tumor immune suppressive microenvironment and to facilitate the recognition of tumor antigens that leads to antitumor immunity. Poxviruses are cytosolic DNA viruses that have been investigated as oncolytic and immunotherapeutic agents. We recently reported that the highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a safe vaccine for smallpox, triggers type I IFN production in conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) via the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS and its adaptor STING, and that it requires transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7. Here we show that infection of cDCs with heat-inactivated MVA leads to higher levels of IFN induction than MVA. This induction is also mediated by the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway cGAS/STING/IRF3/IRF7. In addition, we found that intratumoral injection of Heat-MVA caused tumor eradication in a murine B16 melanoma model as well as the generation of adaptive anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, Heat-MVA-induced anti-tumor therapy is less effective in STING, IRF7, or Batf3-deficient mice than in wild-type mice, indicating that both the innate immune-sensing pathway and CD8α+DCs are essential for Heat-MVA-based immunotherapy. Lastly, the combination of intratumoral delivery of Heat-MVA with systemic delivery of anti-CTLA-4, PD-1 or PD-L1 antibodies achieved enhanced efficacy in tumor eradication and survival than Heat-MVA alone. Our results have strong implications for the development of poxvirus-based cancer immunotherapeutics as well novel strategies to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Citation Format: Peihong Dai, Weiyi Wang, Cristian Serna-Tamayo, Dimitriy Zamarin, Stewart Shuman, Taha Merghoub, Jedd D. Wolchok, Liang Deng. Heat-inactivated modified vaccinia virus ankara induces type I IFN and antitumor immunity via the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B031.
5 – Plasma Etch Equipment and Technology

This title has been withdrawn: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal ( http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy ). This Book/Chapter has been withdrawn as Elsevier no longer has the publishing rights.
Flight Crew Decision-Making

Publisher Summary Flight crews make decisions all the time, from the captain's acceptance of the aircraft and flight plan prior to departure to docking at the gate after landing. Unfortunately, the decisions that get the most attention are those that result in disasters. Because decision-making takes mental energy and because a large body of research suggests that people do not always make optimal decisions, aircraft designers, carriers, and the FAA try to simplify crew decision-making by establishing standard procedures and checklists to cover anticipated failures or emergencies, and through crew training and automated systems. This chapter discusses the processes by which flight crews make decisions and addresses factors that contribute to decision difficulty and poor decisions, followed by factors that provide crew resilience in the face of high-risk challenges. Finally, it explores strategies for improving crew decision-making. Designing information displays to support good situation awareness and accurate problem diagnosis is a theme of current research and development efforts. Providing information on risks is more problematic. Mutual trust, respect, and a positive crew climate will continue to be the foundation for effective crew decision- making in future automated systems.
Induction of Bcl11b during T cell commitment through a tripartite mechanism

Induction of the transcription factor Bcl11b in early T cell precursors is supported by three positive forces: signaling via the transmembrane receptor Notch1 provides stochastic permissivity; the transcription factors TCF-1 and GATA-3 poise the locus for expression; and the transcription factor Runx1 steps in to raise expression.
Future Cytometric Technologies and Applications

The past several years have seen a rapid evolution of flow cytometry technology, moving toward more parameters with the development of instruments containing smaller and less expensive lasers and with the discovery of new dyes that extend the range of emissions that can be detected by those lasers. This is exemplified by the emergence of violet diode lasers (1) and associated quantum dot nanocrystals (2) and brilliant violet dyes (3) that are excited by violet (and most recently by UV) lasers. These developments make flow cytometry in the range of 15 or so parameters more practical than ever.
High Surface Area Electrodes Derived from Polymer Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes for Enhanced Energy Storage Devices

Electrical double layer capacitors store energy on two adjacent layers, resulting in fast charging and discharging, but their energy density is limited by the available surface area. In this study, using poly(methyl methacrylate) assisted sonication, carbon nanotube buckypapers with specific surface area as high as 950 m2/g have been processed. Performance of these high surface area buckypapers have been evaluated as supercapacitor electrodes. The energy density of these high surface area electrodes at low power density of 0.68 kW/kg was 22.3 Wh/kg, and at high power density of 84 kW/kg was 3.13 Wh/kg using the ionic liquid electrolyte.
The Impact of Obesity on Stem Cell Transplant

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a high-risk procedure of curative potential for patients with various malignant and nonmalignant hematological diseases. Because the procedure carries considerable risks of treatment-related morbidity and mortality and has variable results in improving disease-free survival, patient selection plays an important role in its success. One patient factor that has received attention in the last 20 years has been the concern that obese patients may not have outcomes similar to normal weight individuals because of (1) altered pharmacokinetics of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents [1, 2], (2) presence of other medical comorbidities with obesity [3], and (3) higher morbidity associated with obesity itself [4], which may result in higher post-HCT morbidity/mortality. Because obesity has become a pandemic affecting both children and adults in the United States and worldwide [5–8], the body of literature evaluating the relationship between obesity and clinical outcomes in the setting of HCT has grown as well. This chapter explores the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical outcomes of HCT in the setting of obesity.
WiFi localization on the International Space Station

This paper explores the possibility of using WiFi localization techniques for autonomous free-flying robots on the International Space Station (ISS). We have collected signal strength samples from the ISS, built the WiFi map using Gaussian processes, implemented a localizer based on particle filters, and evaluated the performance. Our results show the average error of 1.59 meters, which is accurate enough to identify which ISS module the robot is currently in. However, we found that most errors occurred in some specific modules under the current WiFi settings. This paper describes the challenges of applying WiFi localization techniques to the ISS and suggests several approaches to achieve better performance.
NMR Spectroscopy, 31 P

The parameters (chemical shifts, spin–spin coupling constants and relaxation times) obtained from 31 P NMR spectroscopy are summarised and reviewed in terms of their molecular structural and dynamic information. The practical aspects of 31 P NMR spectroscopy are also given. Some selected applications mainly from oligonucleotide and protein studies are shown.
Use of Al2O3 layers for higher laser damage threshold at 22.5° incidence, S polarization of a 527 nm/1054 nm dichroic coating

We have designed and reported on a dichroic beam combiner coating consisting of HfO2/SiO2 layer pairs to provide high transmission at 527 nm and high reflection at 1054 nm for 22.5° angle of incidence (AOI) in S polarization (Spol). The laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of this first coating at the use AOI and polarization with 3.5 nanosecond (ns) pulses at 532 nm is 7 J/cm2, and only marginally adequate for our beam combining application. In this paper, we describe the use of a combination of Al2O3 and HfO2 high index layers to modify the first as well as a second dichroic coating in two different ways, which results in a higher LIDT of 10 J/cm2 for 3.5 ns pulses at 532 nm and 22.5° AOI, Spol for the second dichroic coating, and in the same 7 J/cm2 LIDT for the first dichroic coating.
'Let Justice Be Done Though the Heavens May Fall': The Right to Judicial Independence

Due to the increased incursions upon state judge independence by other actors within a state, this essay establishes the right to judicial independence for state court judges construing federal law. After locating a duty for state judges to exercise judicial independence in the U.S. Constitution’s State Judges and Guarantee Clauses, the conferral of the duty provides the foundation for recognizing the right to judicial independence as inferred from the structural, federal-state relationships established by the clauses. The right to judicial independence for state judges also makes sense pragmatically when one considers the implications of the agent-principal relationship created by the State Judges Clause. As suggested by the essay, Congress may protect state judges’ right to judicial independence by allowing them to certify federal issues to federal court; giving state judges discretion to send appeals of cases containing substantial federal issues to federal court; or granting state judges a cause of action against actors who interfere with the state judges’ duty to enforce federal law.
De novo transcriptome assemblies of four xylem sap-feeding insects.

Background Spittle bugs and sharpshooters are well-known xylem sap-feeding insects and vectors of the phytopathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Wells), a causal agent of Pierce's disease of grapevines and other crop diseases. Specialized feeding on nutrient-deficient xylem sap is relatively rare among insect herbivores, and only limited genomic and transcriptomic information has been generated for xylem-sap feeders. To develop a more comprehensive understanding of biochemical adaptations and symbiotic relationships that support survival on a nutritionally austere dietary source, transcriptome assemblies for three sharpshooter species and one spittlebug species were produced. Findings Trinity-based de novo transcriptome assemblies were generated for all four xylem-sap feeders using raw sequencing data originating from whole-insect preps. Total transcripts for each species ranged from 91 384 for Cuerna arida to 106 998 for Homalodisca liturata with transcript totals for Graphocephala atropunctata and the spittlebug Clastoptera arizonana falling in between. The percentage of transcripts comprising complete open reading frames ranged from 60% for H. liturata to 82% for C. arizonana. Bench-marking universal single-copy orthologs analyses for each dataset indicated quality assemblies and a high degree of completeness for all four species. Conclusions These four transcriptomes represent a significant expansion of data for insect herbivores that feed exclusively on xylem sap, a nutritionally deficient dietary source relative to other plant tissues and fluids. Comparison of transcriptome data with insect herbivores that utilize other dietary sources may illuminate fundamental differences in the biochemistry of dietary specialization.
NucAmino: a nucleotide to amino acid alignment optimized for virus gene sequences.

Current nucleotide-to-amino acid alignment software programs were developed primarily for detecting gene exons within eukaryotic genomes and were therefore optimized for speed across long genetic sequences. We developed a nucleotide-to-amino acid alignment program NucAmino optimized for virus sequencing. NucAmino is an open source program written in the high-level language Go. NucAmino is more likely to align codons flush with a reference sequence’s amino acids and can be modified to facilitate the placement of insertions and deletions at specific positions. We compared NucAmino to the nucleotide to amino acid alignment program Local Alignment Program (LAP) using 115,118 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase sequences—three genes that are commonly sequenced in clinical laboratories. Discordances between NucAmino and LAP occurred in 512 (16.9%) of the 3,029 sequences containing gaps but in none of 112,910 sequences without gaps. For 242 of the sequences with discordances, NucAmino produced an alignment that was preferable to that found by LAP in that it was more likely to codon align insertions and deletions and to facilitate the placement of an important drug-resistance associated insertion at the position at which most laboratories expect it to occur. NucAmino is a nucleotide-to-amino acid alignment program with several advantages for clinical laboratories performing virus sequencing compared with older programs designed for gene finding.
HEART-FEMORAL PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IS A STRONGER MARKER OF ARTERIAL AGING THAN CAROTID-FEMORAL PULSE WAVE VELOCITY

Background: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is considered one of the standard methods to estimate aortic stiffness. Its requirement of a technically-skilled operator has motivated development of automated systems to measure PWV. Heart-femoral PWV (hfPWV) can be automatically measured in
School wellness team best practices to promote wellness policy implementation

Schools with wellness teams are more likely to implement federally mandated Local Wellness Policies (LWPs, Local Education Agency-level policies for healthy eating/physical activity). Best practices have been developed for wellness teams based on minimal empirical evidence. The purpose of this study is to determine, among schools with wellness teams, associations between LWP implementation and six wellness team best practices (individually and as a sum score). An online survey targeting Maryland school wellness leaders/administrators (52.4% response rate, 2012-2013 school year) was administered that included LWP implementation (17-item scale: categorized as no, low, and high implementation) and six wellness team best practices. Analyses included multi-level multinomial logistic regression. Wellness teams were present in 311/707 (44.0%) schools, with no (19.6%), low (36.0%), and high (44.4%) LWP implementation. A sum score representing active wellness teams (mean=2.6) included: setting healthy eating/physical activity goals (66.9%), informing the public of LWP activities (71.4%), meeting ≥4times/year (45.8%), and having school staff (46.9%), parent (25.4%), or student (14.8%) representation. In adjusted models, goal setting, meeting ≥4times/year, and student representation were associated with high LWP implementation. For every one-unit increase in active wellness team sum score, schools were 41% more likely to be in high versus no implementation (Likelihood Ratio=1.41, 95% C.I.=1.13, 1.76). In conclusion, wellness teams meeting best practices are more likely to implement LWPs. Interventions should focus on the formation of wellness teams with recommended composition/activities. Study findings provide support for wellness team recommendations stemming from the 2016 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act final rule.
Ectopic implantation of juvenile osteochondral tissues recapitulates endochondral ossification.

Subcutaneous implantation in a mouse can be used to investigate tissue maturation in vivo. Here we demonstrate that this simple model can recapitulate endochondral ossification associated with native skeletal development. By histological and micro-computed tomography analysis we investigated morphological changes of immature bovine osteochondral tissues over the course of subcutaneous implantation in immunocompromised mice for up to 10 weeks. We observed multiple similarities between the ectopic process and native endochondral ossification: (i) permanent cartilage retention in the upper zones; (ii) progressive loss of transient cartilage accompanied by bone formation at the interface; and (iii) remodelling of nascent endochondral bone into mature cancellous bone. Importantly, these processes were mediated by osteoclastogenesis and vascularization. Taken together, these findings advance our understanding of how the simple ectopic model can be used to study phenotypic changes associated with endochondral ossification of native and engineered osteochondral tissues in vivo.
“I don’t think that word means what you think it means”: A proposed framework for defining learning communities

In this paper we address the obfuscation surrounding the concept of learning communities by operationalizing community according to four characteristics that serve as boundaries for defining a community: access, relationships, vision, and function. Although these community boundaries sometimes overlap, they represent distinctive features of possible community structures. In addition to defining and discussing learning community boundaries, we share insights for researching learning communities. We believe a clearer understanding of how to define learning communities can assist scholars and practitioners in cultivating and studying these communities.
Confident Pluralism: Surviving and Thriving Through Deep Difference

Confident Pluralism: Surviving and Thriving through Deep Difference by John Inazu (2016) is an informative and engaging examination of many first amendment questions and issues common to student af...
Use of a Structured Approach to Assessment Within Child Welfare: Applications of the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths-Trauma Comprehensive (CANS-Trauma)

Providing a comprehensive assessment is a key step in identifying how to best address the needs of traumatized children and families, and delivering trauma-informed services and interventions within child welfare settings. A comprehensive and trauma-informed approach to assessment gathers information across several key domains; gathers information from multiple perspectives or informants; utilizes a range of assessment techniques; assesses child and caregiver needs and strengths over time; and translates and integrates assessment findings for use in practice. The CANS-Trauma Comprehensive is a multi-purpose assessment tool designed to be applicable in a range of service settings, with an emphasis on assessing a broad range of trauma experiences and areas of need exhibited by traumatized children and their caregiving systems; assessing strengths or contextual factors and systems that can support a child’s adaptation from trauma; and supporting and guiding trauma-informed and strengths-based treatment and service planning for children and adolescents with exposure to trauma. The CANS approach is designed to address some of the existing challenges of assessment within child welfare through supporting clinical decision making, including level of care and placement decisions; linking assessment findings directly to individualized service and treatment plans; engaging family members in the assessment process; and facilitating the planning and evaluation of service, systems. This chapter overviews the use of the CANS-Trauma in the context of trauma-informed, child welfare practice, including how its use aligns with the key child welfare outcomes of safety, permanency and well-being.
Severe BK polyomavirus-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in a kidney transplant recipient with the absence of renal allograft involvement.

BK polyomavirus mostly manifests as polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PyVAN) in kidney transplant patients and polyoma virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (PyVHC) in bone marrow transplant patients. PyVHC in kidney transplant patients is only reported in four cases in the literature. Our patient had severe hemorrhagic cystitis without renal involvement. We postulate that our patient's exposure to ifosfamide and radiation 8 years prior transplantation might predispose him to this disease.
Conspiracy theories and populist narratives: On the ruling techniques of Egyptian generals

Soon after the 2013 military coup, state-sponsored violence and human rights abuses have begun to shake Egyptian society. The regime of president Abdel Fattah al-Sisi has attempted to rationalize t...
Lead-related quantum emitters in diamond

We report on quantum emission from Pb-related color centers in diamond following ion implantation and high-temperature vacuum annealing. First-principles calculations predict a negatively charged Pb-vacancy (PbV) center in a split-vacancy configuration, with a zero-phonon transition around 2.4 eV. Cryogenic photoluminescence measurements performed on emitters in nanofabricated pillars reveal several transitions, including a prominent doublet near 520 nm. The splitting of this doublet, 5.7 THz, exceeds that reported for other group-IV centers. These observations are consistent with the PbV center, which is expected to have a combination of narrow optical transitions and stable spin states, making it a promising system for quantum network nodes.
Description and initial evaluation of a values-based campus sexual assault prevention programme for first-year college students

ABSTRACTPreventing sexual assault in college and university settings is an important public health priority. The college campus is a high-risk setting for experiencing sexual assault while at university. Many campuses utilise brief educational programmes to prevent sexual assault, but these programmes are rarely evaluated. In this paper, we provide a programme description and evaluation data from a sexual assault prevention programme administered to first-year students during their first semester at a large public university. Relationship Remix was a theoretically-informed upstream prevention programme collaboratively developed by campus stakeholders to focus on healthy relationship skills and sexual assault prevention. Students (N = 2,305; 55% female, 71% White) completed web-based surveys immediately before and after attending the 1.5-hour group-based programme. On 8 of 10 items assessing programme-related knowledge and attitudes, findings suggest that the programme positively impacted students’ beliefs...