cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Training technologists for the genomic age.

1. Tootie Tatum, PhD CLSp(MB) MP(ASCP)[⇑][1] 1. is Assistant Professor and Assistant Program Director, Department of Laboratory Sciences and Primary Care, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock TX 2. Ericka Hendrix, MS CLSp(MB) 1. is Clinical Coordinator and Academic Instructor, Department of Laboratory Sciences and Primary Care, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock TX 1. Address for correspondence: Tootie Tatum PhD CLSp(MB) MP(ASCP), Department of Laboratory Sciences and Primary Care, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Stop 6281, Lubbock TX 79430. (806) 743-4138, (806)-743-3249 (fax). tootie.tatum{at}ttuhsc.edu Molecular techniques are playing an ever-increasing role in all areas of anatomic and clinical pathology. The field is currently in need of well-trained technologists in this area of the clinical laboratory who are situated to bridge the current state of practice and the continuing developments in high complexity testing. For the close term, use of “home-brew” and analyte specific reagents (ASR)-based tests will require well-trained personnel with strong biomedical science backgrounds and a thorough understanding of technologies used in assay development. Here, we discuss the selection and evaluation of molecular diagnostic training preceptor sites and tasks indicated for trainees that most meet the needs of the newest facet of the laboratory. We present evaluation tools developed over the course of four years of clinical education used to assess practical performance of trainees in a molecular diagnostic pathology laboratory and conclude with considerations for future training of laboratory technologists. Over the past few years, the clinical laboratory has seen an explosion in the number of tests based upon DNA and RNA analysis. For the first time in the history of the diagnostic laboratory, molecular pathology is extending the range of information available to physicians, research scientists, and other health professionals. The completion of a draft sequence of the human genome and the wealth of technology to arise out of that effort has moved from the research bench to the clinical laboratory bench with swift success. It is now commonplace for a molecular diagnostics laboratory to have the capability to provide diagnostic… ABBREVIATIONS: ASR = analyte specific reagents; BMC = below minimum competency; DMS = diagnostic molecular scientist; MSMP = Master of Science Program in Molecular Pathology; NAACLS = National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences; PAS = performs above standards; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; TTUHSC = Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. [1]: #corresp-1
Comparison of Reasons for Nurse Turnover in Magnet® and Non-Magnet Hospitals

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to compare rates and reasons for registered nurse (RN) turnover by Magnet® status.BACKGROUND:Although lower RN turnover rates in Magnet hospitals have been documented well in the literature, little is known about specific separation reasons for RN turnover and whet
Comparison of Interleukin-1 with Endogenous B-Cell Factors for Effects on Lymphoma Cell Growth After EBV Conversion

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) transforms human B lymphocytes so that they grow as continuous cell lines. B lymphocyte lines transformed in vitro by EBV (LCL) and B lymphocyte lines derived from EBV positive and EBV negative Burkitt’s lymphomas (BL) release a 15–25 K growth enhancing supernatant (GE-S) factor(s) which functions similarly to macrophage derived Interleukin-1 (IL-1). GES and purified IL-1 were compared and both enhanced growth of LCL and BL similarly. Preliminary data show growth of Ramos, an EBV negative BL, is not changed by GE-S or 1L-1, whereas growth of EBV-converted Ramos sublines is enhanced by the addition of either. These initial findings suggest that EBV infection induces the development of growth factor sensitivity in lymphoma cells.
Effects of Nicotinic Acid on Serum and Tissue Cholesterol in Rabbits

Studies reported in this communication showed that under the experimental conditions, nicotinic acid partially prevented a rise in serum cholesterol but effectively prevented cholesterol deposition in the aorta and, to a lesser extent, cholesterol storage in the liver.
Extracellular calcium does not contribute to cryopreservation-induced cytotoxicity

The possible role of extracellular calcium ([Ca+2]e) in cryopreservation-induced cytotoxicity was tested using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and a fluorescent multiple endpoint assay. MDCK cells maintained in 2 mM [Ca+2]e and treated with the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, increased their intracellular calcium ([Ca+2]i) as revealed by the calcium indicator dye, Fluo3 and the bottom-reading spectrofluorometer, CytoFluor 2300. The addition of 10 mM [ethylene bis (oxyethylenenitrilo)]-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) to the extracellular medium before treatment with ionomycin blocked this ionomycin-dependent increase in [Ca+2]i. A number of site and activity-specific fluorescent probes were surveyed to determine which indicator dye might best reveal the ionomycin-induced cytotoxic events during this increase in [Ca+2]i. Although most dyes changed their emission profiles in response to calcium, neutral red was found to best reflect the loss of [Ca+2]i homeostasis. The NR50 for a 15-min exposure to ionomycin in the presence of 2 mM [Ca+2]e was approximately 2μM ionomycin, but ionomycin had little apparent effect on neutral red retention when 10 mM EGTA was added to the extracellular medium. Thus it was clear that an increase in [Ca+2]i could be cytotoxic to MDCK cells and that neutral red could monitor this cytotoxic episode. To test if [Ca+2]e was similarly cytotoxic during cryopreservation, MDCK cells were subjected to cryopreservation in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). In contrast to previous studies, plasma membrane integrity, not lysosomal function, seemed to best correlate with cell survival subsequent to cryopreservation. In addition, decreasing [Ca+2]e had no discernable effect on the retention of plasma membrane indicator dyes, neutral red, or cell survival. It is concluded that a) plasma membrane indicator dyes, not neutral red, might be better indicators of cytotoxicity occurring during cryopreservation; b) DMSO might be toxic to lysosomes during cryopreservation of cultured cells; and c) although [Ca+2]e can contribute to cytotoxicity, the presence of [Ca+2]e might not influence cryopreservation-induced cytotoxicity.
Fault diagnosis of three phase squirrel cage induction motor due to bearing by using artificial intelligence

Recently, research concerning condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical machines. The increasing importance of these energy conversion devices and their widespread use in uncountable applications has motivated significant research efforts. Various faults are occurring in the stator as well as in the rotor of 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor such as bearing fault, broken rotor bar fault, etc. This paper presents an analysis of fault occurring in the bearing of 3-phase squirrel cage induction motor by using artificial intelligence method. Bearings are critical components in induction motor. Bearing fault is the most common fault in induction motor. Motor bearing data with single point faults and generalised roughness faults are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for fault diagnosis.
Pathways to Promotion: Redesigning a Community College Faculty Promotion Process

ABSTRACTThis article reports on a design-based research project that is situated in a medium-size community college in Maryland. The project focused on exploring why the majority of full-time faculty was ranked as Assistant Professor or below, which did not reflect ranking at similar institutions. Under the leadership of the Provost, a task force analyzed the problem before designing a solution. The analysis phase of the project involved data collection and analysis through a faculty survey, a literature review, and a scan of other community colleges’ promotion practices. The design phase used the findings from the analysis stage to redesign the promotion system and construct evaluation and promotion tools. The article gives insight into how the interests of diverse stakeholders can be taken into account when creating accessible, alternative pathways to promotion for faculty while also supporting the institution’s mission and goals. For other community colleges looking at faculty promotion and evaluation,...
Emergence of mania in two middle-aged patients with a history of unipolar treatment-refractory depression receiving vagus nerve stimulation.

Objectives We report on two patients who experienced emergence of full manic symptoms while receiving vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). Methods Two patients, both with a well-documented and verified history of longstanding unipolar depression, were initiated on VNS for treatment of their severe major depressive episodes. Results The two patients had emergence of full manic symptoms after 8 and 9 months of VNS, respectively. Manic symptoms were adequately managed with standard treatments (mood stabilizer and electroconvulsive therapy) and VNS was continued in the two subjects for up to 5 years without any further occurrences of manic/hypomanic episodes. Conclusions These cases suggest that some patients with treatment-resistant depression may have a previously unrecognized bipolar disorder, triggered only by VNS. This report also provides evidence that VNS-induced manic switches, however serious and troubling to patients, can be managed safely, and that VNS maintenance can be continued for an extended period of time without manic relapses. Although the mechanism of action of VNS is not known, emerging evidence supports central nervous system dopaminergic and possibly cholinergic system involvement.
Updated Priorities Among Effective Clinical Preventive Services

PURPOSE The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act’s provisions for first-dollar coverage of evidence-based preventive services have reduced an important barrier to receipt of preventive care. Safety-net providers, however, still serve a substantial uninsured population, and clinician and patient time remain limited in all primary care settings. As a consequence, decision makers continue to set priorities to help focus their efforts. This report updates estimates of relative health impact and cost-effectiveness for evidence-based preventive services. METHODS We assessed the potential impact of 28 evidence-based clinical preventive services in terms of their cost-effectiveness and clinically preventable burden, as measured by quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) saved. Each service received 1 to 5 points on each of the 2 measures—cost-effectiveness and clinically preventable burden—for a total score ranging from 2 to 10. New microsimulation models were used to provide updated estimates of 12 of these services. Priorities for improving delivery rates were established by comparing the ranking with what is known of current delivery rates nationally. RESULTS The 3 highest-ranking services, each with a total score of 10, are immunizing children, counseling to prevent tobacco initiation among youth, and tobacco-use screening and brief intervention to encourage cessation among adults. Greatest population health improvement could be obtained from increasing utilization of clinical preventive services that address tobacco use, obesity-related behaviors, and alcohol misuse, as well as colorectal cancer screening and influenza vaccinations. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies high-priority preventive services and should help decision makers select which services to emphasize in quality-improvement initiatives.
Subjective Crepitus as a Risk Factor for Incident Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

Objective Subjective crepitus is the complaint of hearing grating, cracking or popping sounds in and/or around a joint. We aimed to evaluate whether there is an association between crepitus and incident symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (SOA) in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a multicenter longitudinal U.S. cohort. Methods Knees without baseline SOA were included. Crepitus frequency was assessed using a question from the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at baseline, 12-, 24-, and 36-month visits. Frequent knee pain and radiographs were assessed at baseline and annual visits up to 48-months. Radiographic OA (ROA) was tibiofemoral Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade ≥ 2. SOA was a knee with both frequent symptoms and ROA. We performed a repeated measures analysis with a predictor of crepitus and outcome of incident SOA, adjusting for age, sex, and BMI where never complaining of crepitus was the referent group. Results 3495 participants (42.2% male) with mean age of 61.1 (9.2) years, mean BMI of 28.2 (4.7) kg/m2. Odds of incident SOA was higher with greater frequency of crepitus (never, rarely, sometimes, often, always); adjusted odds ratios were (referent), 1.5, 1.8, 2.2, 3.0 (p for trend < 0.0001). The group at OAI baseline with ROA but without symptoms contributed 26% of the observations, but over 75% of the incident SOA cases. Conclusion Among those without SOA, subjective knee crepitus predicts incident SOA longitudinally, with most cases occurring in those with pre-existing tibiofemoral ROA but without frequent knee pain. An important limitation is that patellofemoral OA was not systematically evaluated within the OAI. Subjective crepitus offers utility for identification of at-risk individuals, predictive modeling, and future research. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Hurricane Kinetic Energy Spectra from In Situ Aircraft Observations

AbstractSince the pioneering paper by Nastrom and Gage on aircraft-derived power spectra, significant progress has been made in understanding the wavenumber distribution of energy in Earth’s atmosp...
Thinking About Cognitive Function: Perceptions of Cognitive Changes in People With Type 2 Diabetes:

Purpose The purpose of this study is 2-fold: (1) to explore how people with diabetes view diabetes-related cognitive problems and (2) to examine participants' ideas on a cognitive rehabilitation intervention to adapt it for persons diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods A qualitative descriptive study based on narrative interviews was conducted with adults (n = 10) with T2DM. The interview data were analyzed using content analysis. Results The interviews reflected 4 major themes: search for advice regarding cognitive complaints, cognitive symptoms, impact of perceived cognitive dysfunction on diabetes self-management, and maintenance of cognitive health. Specific areas of interest for an intervention included the following: understanding how cognitive function relates to diabetes, dealing with cognitive barriers to self-management, and learning how to incorporate a "brain healthy" lifestyle into daily activities. Conclusions Findings showed that perceived cognitive impairment impacted self-management and suggested that cognitive rehabilitation interventions have potential utility for people with T2DM. Existing successful interventions can be tailored to meet the needs of those whose diabetes self-management is impacted by cognitive problems.
Targeting Nuclear Gene Products into Chloroplasts

Plant cells contain several distinct subcellular compartments or organelles that perform specialized functions within the cell. Two of these organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria, exist in a semi-autonomous state within the cell containing their own genetic system and protein synthesis machinery. However, the majority of chloroplast and mitochondrial proteins are nuclear encoded, synthesized on free cytosolic ribosomes and then imported into their respective organelles. Many of these proteins are synthesized as higher molecular weight precursors that are processed to their mature forms either during or shortly after import. The proper targeting and import of these polypeptides depends on a transit peptide located at the amino-terminus of the precursor (for recent reviews see Ellis, 1981; Cashmore et al., 1985; Schmidt and Mishkind, 1986; Hay et al., 1984 and Hurt and van Loon, 1986).
Building an On-Demand Avatar-Based Health Intervention for Behavior Change

We discuss the design and implementation of the pro- totype of an avatar-based health system aimed at pro- viding people access to an effective behavior change intervention which can help them to find and cultivate motivation to change unhealthy lifestyles. An empathic Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) delivers the in- tervention. The health dialog is directed by a compu- tational model of Motivational Interviewing, a novel effective face-to-face patient-centered counseling style which respects an individual’s pace toward behavior change. Although conducted on a small sample size, re- sults of a preliminary user study to asses users’ accep- tance of the avatar counselor indicate that the current early version of the system prototype is well accepted by 75% of users.
Synthesis of Alstoscholarisines A-E, Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids with Modulating Effects on Neural Stem Cells.

A divergent synthetic strategy has been developed for stereoselective total syntheses of alstoscholarisines A–E, monoterpenoid indole alkaloids which are modulators of adult neuronal stem cells. A pivotal step includes an intermolecular Michael addition of an indole-2-acetic acid methyl ester enolate to an α,β-unsaturated N-sulfonyllactam to form the C15, C16 bond of the alkaloids. Other features of the strategy involve a selective partial reduction of an intermediate N-sulfonyllactam followed by cyclization to a bridged aminal system that serves as a key precursor for all five of the alkaloids as well as the use of an allyl group as a masked aldehyde equivalent.
“Eavesdropping on Happiness” Revisited: A Pooled, Multisample Replication of the Association Between Life Satisfaction and Observed Daily Conversation Quantity and Quality:

In the present study, we aimed to replicate and extend findings by Mehl, Vazire, Holleran, and Clark (2010) that individuals with higher well-being tend to spend less time alone and more time interacting with others (e.g., greater conversation quantity) and engage in less small talk and more substantive conversations (e.g., greater conversation quality). To test the robustness of these effects in a larger and more diverse sample, we used Bayesian integrative data analysis to pool data on subjective life satisfaction and observed daily conversations from three heterogeneous adult samples, in addition to the original sample ( N = 486). We found moderate associations between life satisfaction and amount of alone time, conversation time, and substantive conversations, but no reliable association with small talk. Personality did not substantially moderate these associations. The failure to replicate the original small-talk effect is theoretically and practically important, as it has garnered considerable scientific and lay interest.
Finding Fibrosis Genes

Many people are exposed to environmental risk factors for fibrosis, yet only a subset go on to develop disease. It is likely that a number of tissue-specific disease genes determine the path an individual will follow upon exposure to an environmental agent, and that individuals who carry certain combinations of these genes are most susceptible. Diseases which have multiple genetic and environmental determinants, known as "complex traits," present a formidable challenge for gene discovery as the combined influence of more than one gene and one or more environmental factors decrease power to isolate the effect of any single gene. Nevertheless, the identification of the genetic differences that underlie susceptibility to fibrotic disease is crucial to understanding the disease process and to the development of effective screening tests and treatments. No single strategy or method will likely be sufficient to link a candidate disease gene to a fibrosis phenotype. Therefore, we present techniques and resources that can be used in combination to dissect the genetics of complex traits and yield viable candidate genes. Testing of candidate genes and standards for formal proof of gene discovery are discussed.
Evaluating Intra-metropolitan Accessibility in the Information Age: Operational Issues, Objectives, and Implementation

Suburbanization, economic restructuring, globalization, and rapid developments in transportation and telecommunications technologies have had dramatic impacts on the urban landscape, fundamentally altering the spatial and organizational composition of where we work and where we live. How have these broad spatial processes impacted intra-metropolitan accessibility? How are these impacts expressed physically on the urban landscape? Who, in terms of both geographic location and socioeconomic groups, is affected? How? What are the implications for urban development and planning policy?
The Wiretap Channel with a Cache

We consider the wiretap channel when a (secure) cache memory is added to the legitimate receiver. With the goal of utilizing coded caching for improving secrecy, during the cache placement phase, the receiver caches a function of the files, and the secret key shared with the transmitter subject to the memory constraint. The signals transmitted to serve the receiver's request during the delivery phase are observed by an eavesdropper over a wiretap channel. We characterize the secrecy capacity of the wiretap channel with a cache, i.e., the maximum achievable file size while keeping the overall database secure, for both the discrete memoryless and the Gaussian channels. The optimal caching scheme maximizes the utilization from the transmission over the delivery phase by sharing sufficient amount of keys between the legitimate communication nodes during the placement phase. Interestingly, we demonstrate that the existence of cache memory is an enabler of secure communication, i.e., the secrecy capacity remains positive, even when the main channel is degraded with respect to the eavesdropper channel.
Deep structure and geodynamic peculiarities of the earth crust of the western coast of the Caspian sea

The article presents 2D gravity model of the geodynamic profile of Samur—Baku, located on the western coast of the Caspian Sea and the geodynamic characteristics of the earth crust in the profile region are studied. 2D gravity model is made by the matching method of density boundaries. The boundaries of the lower layer of crust (28—32 km) and the Moho surface (47—57 km) are specified. Along the profile, the velocity curves of modern vertical and horizontal motions are analyzed. On the curve of velocities of modern vertical motions on the boundary of the rise and fall of the earth’s crust, places of stress accumulation zones along the profile were identified. Modern vertical motions of the earth’s crust show that along the profile the main stress accumulation zones are located in the immediate vicinity of the points Khudat, Charkhi, Siazan and Baku. The average deformation velocity between two GPS points was calculated by dividing the velocities difference to the distance between these points. It is established that the zone of the highest deformation velocity (97,5 nanostrain/year) coincides with the zone of the Siazan fault, the zone of the Gusar-Shabran edge trough is characterized by a velocity of 22,3 nanostrain/year. The low deformation velocity (8,9 nanostrain/year) coincides with the zone of the Shamakhi-Gobustan synclinorium. These zones of stress accumulation in the gravity model coincide with the protrusions along the surface of the upper and lower layers of the consolidated crust and marked by hypocenters of earthquakes. The values of the radii of foci of earthquakes that create additional perceptible stresses that affect the geodynamic conditions of the earth crust in the profile region are determined.
Towards An Adaptable System-based Classification Design for Cyber Identity

As cybercrime activity continues to increase with significant data growth and the Internet of Things (IoT’s), this research introduces a new proactive methodically designed approach vs. current reactive and specialized methods. A novel holistic identity classification scheme and information architecture is proposed. This approach has an adaptive, common cybernetic trait design to support a changing technological landscape and human behavior. Common cyber identity base trait dimensions for context, physical, cyber, and human aspects allow for systematic analysis of temporal evidence to help resolve a physical person’s identity in a cybercrime. This research platform supports both broad and targeted identity analytics utilizing advanced machine learning methods with mixed media visualizations to facilitate Cyber Situational Awareness (SA). Early PhD experimentation with real-world use cases shows promise with regard to providing salient attributes and patterns of cyber activity that are unique to a person.
Chapter 39 – C1q Receptors

C1q, the recognition component of the classical complement pathway, also regulates numerous cellular processes independent of its role in complement activation. Among these processes is myeloid cell activation leading to enhanced engulfment of apoptotic cells and the regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production which is thought to be important in the prevention of autoimmunity. C1q deficiency results in a lupus-like autoimmune disease in humans, and there has been a significant effort to identify C1q receptors that might be effective targets for the manipulation of C1q-dependent cellular functions such as phagocytosis and cytokine regulation. C1q is a 460-kD hexamer containing a globular head region and collagen-like tail. Receptors for both the collagen like tail and globular head regions have been proposed and are described below. The described receptors are heterogeneous; two lack cytoplasmic tails and are found both intracellularly and extracellularly (gC1qR and calreticulin), two are Ig superfamily members (LAIR-1 and RAGE), one is a heterodimeric integrin (α2β1), two are scavenger receptors (SCARF1 and Megf10), one is a receptor for multiple complement components (CR1). In addition, two of the receptors have been previously described as receptors for collagen (α2β1 and LAIR-1), consistent with their ability to bind to the collagen-like tail of C1q. C1q is a soluble pattern-recognition receptor with a highly basic charge, it binds to multiple molecules and may regulate cell activation through multiple different receptors and/or receptor complexes. The putative C1q receptors are listed below in order of their identification.
Memristive Accelerators for Dense and Sparse Linear Algebra: From Machine Learning to High-Performance Scientific Computing

Initial research shows that in situ accelerators can be architected to meet the requirements of applications beyond machine learning while still preserving the performance and energy benefits of in situ acceleration. However, challenges remain to improve the efficiency of these techniques. Although memristive accelerators significantly reduce data movement, coordinating computation, and marshaling data within a large accelerator, or between systems of multiple accelerators, remains largely unexplored. Additionally, many proposed in situ accelerators rely on the matrix being written infrequently such that writes can be amortized over a large number of MVM operations, limiting the applicability to workloads with infrequent matrix updates. If these challenges are addressed, in situ memristive computation can provide benefits to an enormous number of applications with linear algebra at their core.
Alterosa, a new caddisfly genus from Brazil (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae)

The subgenera of Dolophilodes (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae), as recognized by Ross (1956), are reconsidered. Sortosa Navas 1918, Thylakion Barnard 1934, Fumonta Ross 1956, and Sisko Ross 1956 are elevated to generic status, and an additional genus, Alterosa, is established to include 2 described species, Dolophilodes (Sortosa) sanctipauli Flint 1971 and Dolophilodes (Sortosa) marinonii Almeida & Duarte 2003, and 20 new species, all from southern or southeastern Brazil. New species described in Alterosa include: Alterosa beckeri, A. bocainae, A. boraceiae, A. caparaonensis, A. escova, A. falcata, A. fimbriata, A. fluminensis, A. flinti, A. guapimirim, A. holzenthali, A. intervales, A. itatiaiae, A. jordaensis, A. orgaosensis, A. paprockii, A. sanctaeteresae, A. schadrackorum, A. tripuiensis, and A. truncata. Alterosa bocainae is designated the type species for the genus. Species recognized as belonging to Sortosa include, in their original combinations: Dolophilodes angulatus Schmid 1964, D. appendiculatus Flint 1967, D. bifidus Flint 1970, D. bispinosus Flint 1967, Sortosa chilensis Navas 1918, D. duplex Schmid 1964, D. dupliplex Flint 1983, S. edwardi Ross 1956, D. elongatus Schmid 1964, D. elongatoides Flint 1967, S. flavipunctatus Schmid 1955, S. michelbacheri Ross 1956, D paxilliferus Flint 1970, S. pectinifera Schmid 1958, D. prolixus Flint 1983, D. scopulus Flint 1983, D. spectabilis Flint 1983, S. spinifera Schmid 1958, D. spinosellus Flint 1970, and D. ventricostus Flint 1983. Species recognized as belonging to Thylakion include, in their original combinations: Dolophilodes crenophilus Jacquemart and Statzner 1981, Thylakion forcipatus Barnard 1934, D. natalensis Morse 1974, and T. urceolus Barnard 1934. Species recognized as belonging to Sisko include, in their original combinations: Sortosa oregona Denning 1966 and Wormaldia sisko Ross 1949. The genus Fumonta is monotypic and includes, in its original combination, Dolophilus major Banks 1914.
Strongly Nonlinear Hyperbolic Waves

We describe geometrical optics theories for nonlinear waves and derive a theory for hyperbolic waves with large-amplitude, rapidly varying initial data. We consider initial data which is either compactly supported or periodic in a phase variable. We also analyze the decay of periodic solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws and the resonant interaction of weakly nonlinear sawtooth waves.
Sequential Monitoring of Circular Processes Related to the von Mises Distribution

The sequential monitoring of circular processes related to the von Mises distribution are considered. More specifically, methods for detecting changes in location and/or scale are considered when a process has in-control and out-of-control behavior following a von Mises distribution. Results on existing cumulative sum (cusum) charts are reviewed, and new sequential changepoint methods are developed. These are compared using Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the sequential monitoring of a process with in-control distribution that is circular uniform is considered. An existing nonparametric cusum is reviewed and is compared to a new sequential changepoint method designed for a von Mises alternative.
Can Business Accelerators Level the Playing Field for First-time Founders and Female Entrepreneurs?

The unequal access to venture financing and business expertise increases inequality and hinders innovation. With a focus on assistance and training for entrepreneurs, business accelerators have become an increasingly important part of entrepreneurial ecosystems. This paper examines whether and to what extent a business accelerator can level the playing field for first-time startup founders and female entrepreneurs, who face acute challenges in acquiring venture financing or inadequate human capital. With a novel dataset covering the universe of U.S. accelerators from 2008 to 2011, I estimate the value created by accelerators for different groups of entrepreneurs by exploiting preferences revealed during the admission process of for-profit accelerators. I develop a two-sided matching framework to control for sorting and selection. I find accelerators, to a certain extent, can close the gap due to founders’ prior experience, but not so much for the gender differences in general. Women tend to benefit more from top accelerators but are worse-off in large cohorts.
Genomic Characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains from 2016 U.S. Sentinel Surveillance Displaying Reduced Susceptibility to Azithromycin.

In 2016, the proportion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with reduced susceptibility to azithromycin rose to 3.6%. A phylogenetic analysis of 334 N. gonorrhoeae isolates collected in 2016 revealed a single, geographically diverse lineage of isolates with MICs of 2 to 16 μg/ml that carried a mosaic-like mtr locus, whereas the majority of isolates with MICs of ≥16 μg/ml appeared sporadically and carried 23S rRNA mutations. Continued molecular surveillance of N. gonorrhoeae isolates will identify new resistance mechanisms.
Transgender and gender-expansive youth: Assisting the nurse in providing culturally competent care for our clients and their families.

Topic Society's blue and pink concept of gender has been under a dramatic and controversial shift over the last 10 years. While the general population has been given some latitude in slowly coming to terms with this new understanding, health care providers, specifically nurses, have been under the microscope to demonstrate a perfect blend of competency and compassion when caring for clients who present outside the gender binary. Purpose To clarify the areas of potential impact in the nurse's role and to discuss ways in which they can better equip themselves to promote effective communication and culturally competent care. Thus, we envision heightened empowerment for the nurse to take a more active role in decreasing risks for negative health outcomes such as psychological stress, depression, self-harm, and suicidal ideation in our transgender and gender-expansive youth. Sources used Utilizing PubMed, nationally recognized websites, and current textbooks/pamphlets, a literature review was conducted to ascertain pertinent information related to transgender, gender-expansive youth, and nursing education. Included references were from 2012 to the present. Conclusions Nurses have a unique and dynamic opportunity to provide support and education for our transgender youth and their families, yet often play a minimal role due to inexperience or lack of resources.
Patient-Reported Quality of Life Before and After Chemoradiation for Intact Pancreas Cancer: A Prospective Registry Study.

Abstract Purpose Our purpose was to determine the effect of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on patient-reported quality of life (QOL) for patients with intact pancreas cancer. Methods and Materials We reviewed a prospective QOL registry for patients with intact, clinically localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with CRT between June 2015 and November 2018. QOL was assessed pre-CRT (immediately before CRT, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and at the completion of CRT with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) and its component parts: FACT-General (FACT-G) and hepatobiliary cancer subscore (HCS). A minimally important difference from pre-CRT was defined as ≥ 6, 5, and 8 points for FACT-G, HCS, and FACT-Hep, respectively. Results Of 157 patients who underwent CRT, 100 completed both pre- and post-CRT surveys and were included in the primary analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 65 years (range, 23-90). National Comprehensive Cancer Network resectability status was resectable (3%), borderline resectable (40%), or locally advanced (57%). Folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) (75%) or gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (42%) were given for a median of 6 cycles (range, 0-42) before CRT. Radiation therapy techniques included 3-dimensional conformal (22%), intensity modulated photon (55%), and intensity modulated proton (23%) radiation therapy to a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 36-62.5). Concurrent chemotherapy was most commonly capecitabine (82%). Sixty-three patients (63%) had surgery after CRT. The mean decline in FACT-G, HCS subscale, and FACT-Hep from pre- to post-CRT was 3.5 (standard deviation [SD], 13.7), 1.7 (SD 7.8), and 5.2 (SD 19.4), respectively. Each of these changes were statistically significant, but did not meet the minimally important difference threshold. Pancreatic head tumor location was associated with decline in FACT-Hep. Nausea was the toxicity with the greatest increase from pre- to post-CRT by both physician-assessment and patient-reported QOL. Conclusions For patients with intact pancreatic adenocarcinoma, modern CRT is well tolerated with minimal decline in QOL during treatment.
Kinetic Evidence That the Solvent Barrier for Electron Transfer Is Absent in the Electric Double Layer.

Classical capacitance studies have revealed that the first layer of water present at an aqueous metal-electrolyte interface has a dielectric constant less than 1/10th of that of bulk water. Modern theory indicates that the barrier for electron transfer will decrease substantially in this layer; yet, this important prediction has not been tested experimentally. Here, we report the interfacial electron transfer kinetics for molecules positioned at variable distances within the electric double layer of a transparent conductive oxide as a function of the Gibbs free energy change. The data indicate that the solvent reorganization is indeed near zero and increases to bulk values only when the molecules are positioned greater than 15 A from the conductive electrode. Consistent with this conclusion, lateral intermolecular electron transfer, parallel to a semiconducting oxide electrode, was shown to be more rapid when the molecules were within the electric double layer. The results provide much needed feedback for theoretical studies and also indicate a huge kinetic advantage for aqueous electron transfer and redox catalysis that takes place proximate to a solid interface.
Evaluation of knowledge and comfort with opioid prescribing among pediatric hematology/oncology fellows.

Background Deficits in knowledge and comfort related to pain management have been demonstrated in adult hematology/oncology fellows. No such evaluation has been undertaken in pediatric hematology/oncology (PHO) trainees. Procedure An IRB-approved survey was administered to PHO fellows throughout the United States (US) to assess comfort with opioid dosing, attitudes related to the use of opioids, and knowledge of basic concepts including weight-based dosing, incomplete cross-tolerance, and management of side effects. Results Email addresses were obtained for 132 fellows from 37 programs. Seventy-eight (59%) fellows participated. No significant difference was demonstrated between training level and comfort with dosing opioids in an opioid-naive patient, though a smaller proportion of first-year fellows (65%) reported comfort compared to more senior fellows (85.2% of second-year fellows, 80.6% of third- and fourth-year fellows). First-year fellows correctly answered a mean of 5.05 ± 0.43 out of 10 objective knowledge questions; second-year fellows answered 5.74 ± 0.35 correctly, and third- and fourth-year fellows 5.58 ± 0.30. The majority of respondents chose an appropriate dose of intravenous morphine based on weight (92%), and identified a low-dose naloxone drip as an appropriate intervention for opioid-induced pruritis (91%). However, the remainder of the questions had a correct response rate of 15-68%. Conclusion This study characterizes PHO fellows' knowledge and comfort with prescribing opioids. Despite high levels of reported comfort, PHO fellows in all levels of training demonstrated knowledge gaps. PHO fellows may benefit from further education in pain management.
Detailing Racialized and Gendered Mechanisms of Undergraduate Precalculus and Calculus Classroom Instruction.

Undergraduate mathematics education can be experienced in discouraging and marginalizing ways among Black students, Latin* students, and white women. Precalculus and calculus courses, in particular...
Mineralokortikoidhochdruck

In der Aufklarung der Pathogenese des Mineralokortikoidhochdrucks sind in jungster Zeit Fortschritte erzielt worden. Als Ursache des familiaren glukokortikoidsupprimierbaren Hyperaldosteronismus (GSH) konnte eine Fusion der Gene fur die 11-β-Hydroxylase und fur die Aldosteronsynthase mit Bildung von charakteristischen Hybridsteroiden, namlich 18-Hydroxycortisol und 18-Oxocortisol, verantwortlich gemacht werden. Die Hybridsteroide lassen sich auch beim aldosteronproduzierenden Adenom, nicht aber bei der bilateralen Hyperplasie der Zona glomerulosa nachweisen und differentialdiagnostisch nutzen. Klinisch hinweisend ist besonders die positive Familienanamnese, nicht die sonst sehr haufige Hypokaliamie. Beim sehr seltenen „apparenten Mineralokortikoidexzes” (AME) ist die mineralokortikoide Wirkung von Cortisol am renalen Mineralokortikoidrezeptor durch Wegfall der Inaktivierung von Cortisol durch die renale 11-β-Hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase Typ II (11-β-HSD II) erhoht. Im Urin ist das Verhaltnis von (5-β-Tetrahydrocortisol [THF] und 5-α-Tetrahydrocortisol [allo-THF]) zu Tetrahydrocortison [THE] erhoht. Glyzyrretinsaure (zum Beispiel in Lakritze) induziert ahnliche Veranderungen. Beim Cushing-Syndrom (beispielsweise bei ektoper ACTH-Produktion) kann die 11-β-HSD II mit Cortisol uberladen sein („cortisol inactivation overload syndrome”). Beim Liddle-Syndrom konnte gezeigt werden, das der normalerweise durch ein aldosteronabhangiges Protein gesteuerte amiloridsensitive Natriumkanal in der luminalen Membran der renalen Sammelrohrepithelien konstitutiv aktiviert ist. Hieraus resultiert eine hypokaliamische Hypertonie mit erniedrigtem Renin und Aldosteron
Knox homologs shoot meristemless (STM) and KNAT6 are epistatic to CLAVATA3 (CLV3) during shoot meristem development in Arabidopsis thaliana

In Arabidopsis, the genes SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) and CLAVATA3 (CLV3) antagonistically regulate shoot meristem development. STM is essential for both development and maintenance of the meristem, as stm mutants fail to develop a shoot meristem. CLV3, on the other hand, negatively regulates meristem proliferation, and clv3 mutants possess an enlarged shoot meristem. Genetic interaction studies revealed that stm and clv3 dominantly suppress each other’s phenotypes. STM works in conjunction with its closely related homologue KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX GENE 6 (KNAT6) to promote meristem development and organ separation, as stm knat6 double mutants fail to form shoot meristem and produce a fused cotyledon. In this study, we show that clv3 fails to promote shoot meristem formation in stm-1 background if we also remove KNAT6. stm-1 knat6 clv3 triple mutants result in shoot meristem termination and produce fused cotyledons similar to stm knat6 double mutant. Notably, the stm-1 knat6 and stm-1 knat6 clv3 alleles lack tissue in the presumed region of SAM that is a novel phenotype reported in Arabidopsis mutants. stm-1 knat6 clv3 also showed reduced inflorescence size as compared to clv3 single or stm clv3 double mutants. In contrast to previously published data, these data suggest that STM and KNAT6 are redundantly required for the vegetative SAM, but insufficient for the inflorescence meristem.
Pneumocephalus from brachial plexus avulsion: A case report

Abstract Brachial plexus injury and pneumocephalus are both commonly encountered by neurosurgeons when consulted on victims of polytrauma. Historically there was no direct connection between these two conditions, however, the patient in this report demonstrates a potential link. An 18-year-old sustained a brachial plexus avulsion injury and a concurrent chest wall injury causing air to leak into his mediastinum which was treated with a chest tube. The patient developed pneumocephalus without an associated skull base fracture or other common cause. We describe a pathway where air in the mediastinum can enter the cerebrospinal fluid space through a tear in the dura caused by the nerve root avulsion. The air can then travel from the spine to the cranial vault causing pneumocephalus. Although this is likely to be a rare occurrence, the relationship between brachial plexus injury and pneumocephalus provides yet another neurologic condition to be aware of when caring for patients with brachial plexus injuries.
Transport near the chiral critical point

The evolution of a heavy ion collision passes close to the O(4) critical point of QCD, where fluctuations of the order parameter are expected to be enhanced. Using the appropriate stochastic hydrodynamic equations in mean field near the the pseudo-critical point, we compute how these enhanced fluctuations modify the transport coefficients of QCD. Finally, we estimate the expected critical enhancement of soft pion yields, which provides a plausible explanation for the excess seen in experiment relative to ordinary hydrodynamic computations.
A Psychodynamic Analysis of Discourse Theory: Understanding the Influence of Emotions, Regression, and Change

Although several public administration discourse theorists consider the effect of the unconscious in constructing one's discourse, most neglect the influence of emotions such as fear, envy, and aggression on the discursive process. Positing discourse theory as a theory of engagement, this article uses Wilfred Bion's psychoanalytic theory to argue that individual and group unconscious dynamics can result in an unwillingness to develop relationships and engage in discourse. The article concludes by considering the positive and negative side effects that a psychoanalytic approach raises about the practice of public administration discourse theory.
Interaction between the Synthesis of α and β Globin

We have examined the relationship between α and β globin chain syntheses by utilizing the distribution of isoleucyl residues in rabbit hemoglobin. The α globin chain contains three isoleucyl residues while the β chain of certain rabbits contains no isoleucine. O-Methyl-L-threonine, an isoleucine isostere, inhibits incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids into α chains in rabbit reticulocytes. When α chain synthesis is inhibited by 50–85%, β synthesis is stimulated by 15–50%. The excess labeled β chains are not distinguishable from authentic β chains by any of the following criteria: (a) carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography in sodium phosphate-urea buffers, (b) electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and (c) electrophoresis of methionine-containing tryptic peptides. The stimulation of β synthesis continues after the pool of excess α chains has been exhausted by preincubation with O-methyl-L-threonine. The stimulation does not occur, however, when 1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol is added to the incubation medium or when the cells are excessively diluted in the incubation mixture. The rates of β chain initiation and elongation during stimulation have been compared to the rates during normal synthesis. Although both rates are increased, the rate of elongation increases more than initiation, suggesting that initiation is the rate-limiting step in increased β chain production. The stimulation of β synthesis when α synthesis is inhibited is interpreted as resulting from relief of competition between α and β mRNAs for limiting components of the protein synthetic apparatus.