cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
O.J.'s defense: A reductio ad absurdum of the economics of Coase and Posner

A reductio ad absurdum takes the principles of a doctrine, applies them exactly as their creators did only to an entirely different subject and with horrendous results, and thus shows what absurd conclusions are logically compatible with the original thesis. This article applies the tenets of the Chicago law and economics tradition, as adumbrated by two of its most distinguished practitioners, Coase and Posner. It shows that on the basis of this canon a case can be made out for freeing O.J. Simpson—even if he did indeed kill his wife. The article is an attempt to show that the libertarian reliance on personal and private property rights is a much more robust thesis than the Chicago precept of wealth maximization.
Response of the very early mouse embryo to low levels of ionizing radiations.

The mouse embryo from fertilization of the egg through the second or third eleavages (1.5 days) has been exposed to from 5 to 25 r x rays, and the gross consequences in terms of embryoric death and anormalies have been determined. Any x irradiation used to the 0.5 day embryo (prior to the first cleavage) was deleterious in terms of increased embrvonic death. An exposure of 5 r raused 11% mons deaths than among the controls, and 25 r caused 38% more deaths. X irradiation exencephalia occurred in a few instances following 15 or 20 r at 0.5 day and also at 1.5 days. Thus this cerebral anomaly can be caused by x irradiation even prior to the first cleavage. Mouse embryos exposed at these very early stages are often fragmented, or the entire egg is broken up into globules; one of these conditions may show the zygotic nucleus. Funther development of . such fragmented embryos is doubtful. The ovaries of x- irradiated pregnant mice show growing follicles with a higher preponderance of degenerating bocytes, pyknotic nuclei, congealed chroruain, and vacuolated nucleoli. On the basis of this study, the question is raised as to whether any extraneous or avoidable xmore » irradiation of the human ovary should be allowed except where life is otherwise endangered- (auth)« less
Isoaccepting trna's in mouse plasma cell tumors that synthesize different myeloma protein.

Abstract Different mouse plasma cell tumors have been shown to produce different homogenous species of myeloma immunoglobulin in large amounts and are currently thought to consist of monoclonal cells ( Potter et al. , 1965 ; Lennox and Cohn, 1967 ). We have previously observed multiple isoaccepting tRNA's in a tumor of this type, MOPC 31C ( Yang and Novelli, 1968a ). In the present work, comparative studies of isoaccepting tRNA's by co-chromatography on a reversed-phase chromatographic column have been performed on cell lines of transplantable mouse plasma cell tumors that produce different kinds of myeloma immunoglobulin. Similar chromatographic patterns were observed for most of the aminoacyl-tRNA's examined in these tumors. A marked difference, however, was found between the seryl-tRNA's of an immunoglobulin-A producer (MPC 62) and those of immunoglobulin-G producers (MPC 47 and MOPC 31C).
Clinical and financial issues for intensity-modulated radiation therapy delivery

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a term applied to a new technology that uses nonuniform radiation beams to achieve conformal dose distributions. This article reviews the use of a commercial system, the Peacock system, which uses a special multileaf collimator (MIMiC) to deliver the dose distribution using arc therapy and segmented fields, similar to a moving strip. Although initially designed for stereotactic radiosurgery, this system has been employed to treat various body sites. More than 300 patients have been treated at our institution in the past 4 years, mainly for cranial, head-and-neck, and prostate tumors. Presently, we treat 40 to 45 patients per day with this technology using two linear accelerators operating with 10 MV and 15 MV x-rays, as Peacock has become a standard therapy procedure. Cases are presented that show the unique ability of IMRT to deliver conformal dose distributions. Why this type of technology can become a standard procedure and why it is cost-effective therapy for both the institution and the patient are discussed.
Proxy-Assisted Power-Friendly Streaming to Mobile Devices

Since multimedia applications are known to be resource-hungry and mobile devices are resource-poor, in this paper, we propose techniques to reduce the energy consumption of streaming media applications running on mobile hosts. Our proposed techniques are proxy-based and involve power-friendly transformations on the requested streams so as to limit the energy required for receiving and decoding this data. Additionally, our proxy employs intelligent network transmission techniques to reduce the energy needs for network reception of streaming data. We implement our techniques into a prototype proxy and client and demonstrate their efficacy via an experimental evaluations. Our results show that our power-friendly transformations are effective over a range of bit rates and stream resolutions, while our intelligent transmission techniques can reduce the potential energy wastage during network reception by 65-98%.© (2003) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Degradation modeling and monitoring of truncated degradation signals

Advancements in condition monitoring techniques have facilitated the utilization of sensor technology for predicting failures of engineering systems. Within this context, failure is defined as the point where a sensor-based degradation signal reaches a pre-specified failure threshold. Parametric degradation models rely on complete signals to estimate the parametric functional form and do not perform well with sparse historical data. On the other hand, non-parametric models that address the challenges of data sparsity usually assume that signal observations can be made beyond the failure threshold. Unfortunately, in most applications, degradation signals can only be observed up to the failure threshold resulting in what this article refers to as truncated degradation signals. This article combines a non-parametric degradation modeling framework with a signal transformation procedure, allowing different types of truncated degradation signals to be characterized. This article considers (i) complete signals t...
Computational models of hair cell bundle mechanics: III. 3-D utricular bundles

Abstract Six utricular hair bundles from a red-eared turtle are modeled using 3-D finite element analysis. The mechanical model includes shear deformable stereocilia, realignment of all forces during force load increments, and tip and lateral link inter-stereocilia connections. Results show that there are two distinct bundle types that can be separated by mechanical bundle stiffness. The more compliant group has fewer total stereocilia and short stereocilia relative to kinocilium height; these cells are located in the medial and lateral extrastriola. The stiff group are located in the striola. They have more stereocilia and long stereocilia relative to kinocilia heights. Tip link tensions show parallel behavior in peripheral columns of the bundle and serial behavior in central columns when the tip link modulus is near or above that of collagen (1 × 10 9 N/m 2 ). This analysis shows that lumped parameter models of single stereocilia columns can show some aspects of bundle mechanics; however, a distributed, 3-D model is needed to explore overall bundle behavior.
Synthesis, Structure, and Characterization of [FeIIILCl3] (L = 1, 4, 8‐Triazacycloundecane, 1, 4, 7‐Triazacyclononane)

The structures of [FeIII(tacud)Cl3] (1) and [FeIII(tacn)Cl3] (2) (tacud = 1, 4, 8-triazacycloundecane, tacn = 1, 4, 7-triazacyclononane) are reported. Both compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with a = 12.5570(9), b = 12.0028(9), c = 8.2577(6) A, V = 1244.59(16) A3, and Z = 4 for 1 and a = 12.095(4), b = 11.125(4), c = 7.963(3) A, V = 1071.5(6) A3, and Z = 4 for 2. The structures of 1 and 2 feature iron(III) in distorted octahedral arrangement with three facially coordinated nitrogen ligands and three chlorides. Bidirectional intermolecular hydrogen bonding between N–H groups and coordinated chlorides is seen for 1 and 2. Compound 1 is the first example of iron(III) bonded to tacud and compound 2 is only the second structure reported of a 1:1 complex between iron and tacn. The Fe3+/2+ redox couple for 1 is observed at E1/2 = 0.25 V (ΔEp = 99 mV), and for 2 at E1/2 = 0.09 V (ΔEp = 108 mV) versus NHE in DMF at 298 K. Comparison of structural, magnetic, and electrochemical properties for 1 and 2 reveal subtle differences consistent with the stronger coordinating properties of tacn relative to tacud.
Non-local optical topological transitions and critical points in metamaterials

We demonstrate that non-locality can induce a new type of optical topological transition in photonic metamaterials. We describe the corresponding critical state and analyze the optical properties of such media.
Average error in the central limit theorem for the cumulative processes

A central limit theorem with a remainder term for a cumulative process W(t) was proved by the author in an earlier paper. Here we show that the average of maximum errors taken over all values of t is actually smaller than what one would expect if a formula for the worst possible case for each t were used. This improvement is in line with what Heyde and Leslie (1972) obtained in a case of central limit theorems for the sequences of independent random variables.
Trends and Characteristics of Preventive Care Visits among Commercially Insured Adolescents, 2003-2010

Objective To examine preventive care visit patterns among commercially insured adolescents during 2003-2010. In 2005-2007, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended 3 vaccines targeted at adolescents. We also investigate the relationship between preventive care visits and immunization. Study design Data were drawn from the MarketScan database. Adolescents aged 11-21 continuously enrolled in the same insurance plan during the calendar year were included. We calculated the annual proportion of adolescents with at least 1 preventive and 1 vaccination-related visit. Longitudinal analyses were conducted by following the 1992 birth cohort for 8 consecutive years. Results The proportion of adolescents making at least 1 preventive visit increased from 24.6%-41.1% during 2003-2010. The rate of vaccination-related visits increased from 12.9%-26.3%. The magnitude of the increase in preventive and vaccination-related visits was greater during the years in which ACIP issued recommendations. The rates of preventive and vaccination-related visits were considerably higher among female and early adolescents and adolescents in managed care plans. Longitudinal analyses indicated that only 2.4% of adolescents had an annual preventive visit during the 8 years. Conclusions Yearly improvements in preventive care visits by adolescents were substantial. ACIP recommendations may be associated with this improvement. However, ongoing efforts are needed to improve the use and delivery of preventive care services.
Multidimensional BIFORE transform

The BIFORE transform is generalised to r dimensions. The corresponding power spectrum consists of Πi = 1r(1+ki) spectral points (Nt = 2ki), which are invariant under cyclic shifts of the r-dimensional input data. A physical interpretation of the BIFORE power spectrum is presented.
ENDOR, the F-Center Ground State, and Conduction Bands in Alkali Halide Crystals

Although both experiment and theory indicate that the lowest conduction-band minimum in most alkali halides is at k = 0, recent theoretical analysis by Grachev, Deigen, and Pekar of ENDOR data on the F-center ground state suggests that in KCl and NaF the lowest minima may be away from k = 0, along the (100) direction. In this paper we discuss the problem of precise calculation of the F-center ground state and interpretation of ENDOR data. We present the result of a calculation, based on a new local-orbital approximation to the Hartree-Fock equations, of the F-center ground state in KCl. This calculation does not agree in all respects with experimental results. We present a critical analysis of the technique of Grachev et al., and show that if one uses different ENDOR data and a slightly different approach, the case for (100) minima in KCl is considerably weakened. Obwohl experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchungen zeigen, das das tiefste Leitungsbandminimum in den meisten Alkalihalogeniden bei k = 0 liegt, weisen kurzliche theoretische Analysen von ENDOR-Werten des Grundzustands des F-Zentrums von Grachev, Deigen und Pekar darauf hin, das in NaCl und NaF das tiefste Minimum von k = 0 aus in (100)-Richtung verschoben sein kann. In dieser Arbeit wird das Problem einer genauen Berechnung des Grundzustands des F-Zentrums und die Interpretation der ENDOR-Werte diskutiert. Ergebnisse einer Berechnung, die auf einer neuen Naherung der Bahnfunktion der Hartree-Fock-Gleichungen beruhen, werden fur den Grundzustand des F-Zentrums in KCl angegeben. Diese Berechnungen stimmen nicht in jeder Hinsicht mit experimentellen Ergebnissen uberein. Eine kritische Analyse der Methode von Grachev et al. wird vorgenommen und gezeigt, das bei Benutzung verschiedener ENDOR-Werte und einer geringfugig verschiedenen Behandlungsmethode die Hinweise auf (100)-Minima in KCl betrachtlich abgeschwacht werden.
A Discriminative Approach to Predicting Assessor Accuracy

Modeling changes in individual relevance assessor performance over time offers new ways to improve the quality of relevance judgments, such as by dynamically routing judging tasks to assessors more likely to produce reliable judgments. Whereas prior assessor models have typically adopted a single generative approach, we formulate a discriminative, flexible feature-based model. This allows us to combine multiple generative models and integrate additional behavioral evidence, enabling better adaptation to temporal variance in assessor accuracy. Experiments using crowd assessor data from the NIST TREC 2011 Crowdsourcing Track show our model improves prediction accuracy by 26-36% across assessors, enabling 29-47% improved quality of relevance judgments to be collected at 17-45% lower cost.
Enuresis : Its Pathogenesis and Management

This paper discusses the common theories on the cause of enuresis and reviews current approaches to its manage ment in the light of a suggested pathogenetic mechanism.
Conepatus leuconotus (Carnivora: Mephitidae)

Conepatus leuconotus (Lichtenstein, 1832) is a mephitid commonly called the white-backed or American hog- nosed skunk. It is a sexually dimorphic species with a single white stripe along the back, and is 1 of 4 species in the genus Conepatus. It has been reported as far north as Colorado and throughout the southwestern United States including southern Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. The species occurs throughout Mexico and as far south as northern Costa Rica. It has been reported in a variety of habitats from canyons, stream sides, rocky terrain, various grasslands, tropical areas, mountains, and coastal plains. Several populations have been extirpated and others may be declining throughout the range. DOI: 10.1644/ 827.1.
Mining large graphs: Algorithms, inference, and discoveries

How do we find patterns and anomalies, on graphs with billions of nodes and edges, which do not fit in memory? How to use parallelism for such terabyte-scale graphs? In this work, we focus on inference, which often corresponds, intuitively, to “guilt by association” scenarios. For example, if a person is a drug-abuser, probably its friends are so, too; if a node in a social network is of male gender, his dates are probably females. We show how to do inference on such huge graphs through our proposed HAdoop Line graph Fixed Point (Ha-Lfp), an efficient parallel algorithm for sparse billion-scale graphs, using the Hadoop platform. Our contributions include (a) the design of Ha-Lfp, observing that it corresponds to a fixed point on a line graph induced from the original graph; (b) scalability analysis, showing that our algorithm scales up well with the number of edges, as well as with the number of machines; and (c) experimental results on two private, as well as two of the largest publicly available graphs — the Web Graphs from Yahoo! (6.6 billion edges and 0.24 Tera bytes), and the Twitter graph (3.7 billion edges and 0.13 Tera bytes). We evaluated our algorithm using M45, one of the top 50 fastest supercomputers in the world, and we report patterns and anomalies discovered by our algorithm, which would be invisible otherwise.
Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET metabolic parameters in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Objective To evaluate whether pretreatment metabolic parameters obtained from positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) can improve risk prediction for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) treated with definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
Is phencyclidine (PCP) abuse associated with organic mental impairment

The performance of sober (average length of abstinence = 27 months) phencyclidine (PCP) abusers on neuropsychological measures of organicity was compared to that of polydrug users who were not experienced with PCP, and to controls who were not alcohol or drug abusers. Six of 12 PCP users, five of 12 polydrug users, and none of the controls showed neuropsychological impairments. The deficits in PCP users occurred despite negative medical-neurological history, and even though the PCP group abused othei drugs previously associated with neuropsychological impairment less than the polydrug group. Deficiencies in abstracting and in perceptual-motor integrative abilities were noted. The results suggest the possibility that PCP abuse might be associated with neuropsychological disturbance which persists for considerable time after PCP use ceases.
Sex differences and correlations in a virtual Morris water task, a virtual radial arm maze, and mental rotation

Different tasks are often used to assess spatial memory in humans compared to nonhumans. In order to bridge this paradigmatic gap, we used a within-subject design to test 61 undergraduates on three spatial memory tasks. One of these tasks, the Vanderberg 3D mental rotation task, is classically used to assess spatial memory in humans. The other two tests are virtual analogues of two tasks used classically to assess spatial memory in rodents: the Morris water task and an eight-arm radial maze. We find that males perform significantly better than females on the mental rotation task and in finding a hidden platform in the virtual Morris water task. Moreover, during a probe trial, males spend significantly more distance of their swim in the training quadrant, but males and females do not differ in navigating to a visible platform. However, for the virtual eight-arm radial maze, there is no sex difference in working memory errors, reference memory errors, or distance to find the rewards. Surprisingly, an examination of the correlations among the three tasks indicates that only mental rotation ability and Morris water task probe trial performance correlate significantly among the three tasks (i.e. there are no significant correlations with traditional measures the tasks, e.g. time or distance to completion). Hence, the Morris water task and the eight-arm radial maze do not assess spatial memory in the same manner, and even after equating factors such as motivation, stress, and motor demands, there still are procedural demands of the tasks that reinforce differential strategy selection during spatial memory. This suggests that caution should be taken when utilizing these two tasks interchangeable as tests of spatial memory.
Walsh function method of harmonic elimination

An analytic method for harmonic elimination using the Walsh function harmonic analysis method is proposed. This algorithm simplifies the computation and produces accurate results in order to eliminate selected harmonics. The new algorithm, which also makes online fundamental amplitude modulation feasible, is proposed for general linear time invariant systems. >
Ash Behavior During Combustion and Deposition in Coal-Fueled Gas Turbines

Comportement des cendres pendant la combustion et encrassement dans une turbine a gaz fonctionnant au charbon
A wide-band low-sidelobe disc-o-cone antenna

The electrical characteristics of a combined horn/cigar antenna are described. The antenna consists of a disc-on-rod (cigar) housed in a conical horn. This antenna combination produces broad-band radiation characteristics with very low sidelobes. Measured voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR), gain, and pattern characteristics are presented.
Using Per-Loop CPU Clock Modulation for Energy Efficiency in OpenMP Applications

As the HPC community moves into the exascale computing era, application energy is becoming as large of a concern as performance. Optimizing for energy will be essential in the effort to overcome the limited power envelope. Existing efforts to optimize energy in applications employ Dynamic Frequency and Voltage Scaling (DVFS) to maximize energy savings in less compute-intensive regions or non-critical execution paths. However, we found that DVFS has high power state switching overhead, preventing its use when a more fine-grained technique is necessary. In this work, we take advantage of the low transition overhead of CPU clock modulation and apply it to fine-grained Open MP parallel loops. The energy behavior of Open MP parallel regions is first characterized by changing the effective frequency using clock modulation. The clock modulation setting that achieves the best energy efficiency is then determined for each region. Finally, different CPU clock modulation settings are applied to the different loops within the same application. The resulting multi-frequency execution of Open MP applications achieves better energy-delay trade-off than any single frequency setting. In the best case scenario, the multi-frequency approach achieved 8.6% energy savings with less than 1.5% execution time increase. Concurrency throttling (i.e., Reducing the number of hardware threads used by an application) saves more energy and can be combined with CPU clock modulation. Using both, we see savings of 21% energy and improvement of energy-delay product (EDP) by 16%.
Energy Flow from Highly Excited CH Overtones in Benzene and Alkanes

Simple classical and quantal models of the ultrarapid (50 to 250 fs) flow of energy from CH (CD) overtones in benzene (perdeuterobenzene) and in terminal alkyl methyl groups are shown to account for experimental variation in line widths, including isotopic effects.
Prothrombin complex concentrate: an effective therapy in reversing the coagulopathy of traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Coagulopathy in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a well-studied concept. Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) has been shown to be an effective treatment modality for correction of TBI coagulopathy. However, its use and effectiveness compared with recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) in TBI has not been established. The purpose of this study was to compare PCC and rFVIIa for the correction of TBI coagulopathy. METHODS: All patients with a TBI and an induced or acquired coagulopathy whom received rFVIIa or PCC at our Level I trauma center during a 4-year period were reviewed. Data collected included demographics, changes in international normalized ratio and blood products transfusion, craniotomy rates, and time to neurosurgical intervention, thromboembolic complications, and mortality differences. RESULTS: The study was composed of 85 TBI patients, of whom 64 patients received PCC while 21 patients received rFVIIa. PCC group were more likely to be on coumadin (44% vs. 14%, p = 0.01). There was a significant decline in packed red blood cell transfusion and fresh frozen plasma after PCC administration (p < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the craniotomy rate (28% vs. 10 %, p = 0.1) or the mean time to intervention between the two groups (201 [33] vs. 230 [10], p = 0.9). Mortality rates were lower in the PCC group compared with rFVIIa (67% vs. 47%, p = 0.02). Subsequent thromboembolic event was seen in one patient on rFVIIa. Mean cost of treatment per patient on PCC was $1,007 compared with $5,757 for rFVIIa (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: PCC is safe and effective for treating coagulopathy in TBI patients, while reducing costs and resource use. PCC should be considered as an effective therapy to treat both acquired and induced coagulopathy in TBI with or without prehospital coumadin use. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level IV.
Horn flies: control with dichlorvos-impregnated resin blocks attached to bands on the rear legs of cattle.

A daily pattern of reinfestation and kill of Haematobia irritans (L.) was observed during the 10 wk after resin blocks containing ca. 10 g dichlorvos were attached to leg bands fastened to the lower rear legs of range cattle. Fly kill occurred within 30 min after leg bands were placed on the cattle, but a few flies were still alive 4 h later. Control of the flies was > 90% for ca. 10 wk, and no flies emerged from manure pats in the treated pastures. Since only 4 of 1214 female flies recovered from treated cattle contained mature eggs, the reinfestation resulted entirely from newly emerged flies seeking a 1st host. The period of control was ca. 5× longer than with conventional dermal applications.
Reticulocyte size and erythropoietic stimulation.

SummaryThe size distribution of peripheral red blood cells of rats recovering from phenylhydrazine anemia is reported. Reticulocytes produced during the first burst of active erythroid regeneration are as much as twice the normal size; degree of macrocytosis is related to the severity of the anemia. The initial crop of oversized cells is replaced by successive crops of reticulocytes of more normal size. It is suggested that separation of reticulocytes by centrifugation depends on their density, which is determined primarily by the MCHC.
Snack Provisions by 21st-Century Community Learning Center–Based Afterschool Programs

Overweight and obesity prevalence is especially high among children from racial/ethnic minority and lower income populations. These populations are also more likely to rely on afterschool programs. This pilot study examined snacks provided in 21st Century Community Learning Center-based afterschool programs. Snacks were analyzed for energy and selected nutrient contents and for their contributions to a healthy diet. Findings from this study illuminate practical implications in the areas of educational opportunities, the need for partnerships with local businesses and community organizations, and advocacy for healthier environments where children and families are dependent on food offerings.
Signature Pedagogy in Theatre Arts.

Critique in undergraduate theatre programs is at the heart of training actors at all levels. It is accepted as the signature pedagogy and is practiced in multiple ways. This essay defines critique and presents the case for why it is used as the single most important way that performers come to understand the language, values, and discourse of the discipline. In actor training, critique is used in the studio, classroom, and rehearsal hall as the way that students learn to take theory and practical skills and apply them through choices that are clear and justifiable, demonstrating an understanding of text and dramatic style. The focus is on where and how critique is used, who is doing the critique in what setting, and how students learn and grow through this process. This is discussed in relationship to the development of self and community and preparation for the professional world.
THE FIVE FEATURE SITE (AZ CC:7:55 (ASM)): EVIDENCE FOR A PREHISTORIC RABBIT DRIVE IN SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA

Ethnographic data from the Great Basin and the greater Southwest have shown that the rabbit drive was a communal hunting technique providing many animals to groups in a single episode. Archaeologists have inferred that rabbit drives occurred prehistorically as well, though evidence from the archaeological record is based primarily on ethnographic analogy, the recovery of game nets and associated tools (e.g., rabbit sticks), and ceramic motifs. Faunal remains have been largely omitted from evidence used to argue for prehistoric rabbit drives. The leporid (jackrabbit and cottontail) remains from a small logistical locale in southeastern Arizona are used to argue for the presence of a prehistoric rabbit drive based on butchering patterns, burning intensity, element representation, and the number of individuals present.
Remembering Louis C. Gapenski

In the field of health care finance, one need not look far to see the impact of Louis “Lou” C. Gapenski, PhD. When he passed away on April 20, 2016, we all lost a gifted scholar, writer, teacher, mentor, and friend. After retiring from the Marine Corps as a Lieutenant Colonel in 1979, Lou earned both an MBA and a PhD in Finance and Economics from the University of Florida. He spent his academic career as a faculty member in the College of Public Health and Health Professions’ Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy at the University of Florida. If Lou had not decided to embark on this second career, the field of health care finance would not be the same.
What's Tramadol Got to Do with It? A Case Report of Rebound Hypoglycemia, a Reappraisal and Review of Potential Mechanisms

Background Tramadol has gained traction as an analgesic of choice among pain practicing physicians. However some concerns regarding a previously unlabeled adverse reaction - hypoglycemia - have cast it in a dim light. Prior reports have noted an associated risk of hospitalization for hypoglycemia after tramadol use, but whether tramadol is the main causal agent is poorly understood and the underlying mechanisms are not well delineated. We present a unique case of rebound hypoglycemia as a variation of the theme of tramadol's adverse effect profile in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and reappraise potential mechanisms underlying this underappreciated phenomenon. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman presented with right buttock pain and right lateral leg discomfort of 9-month duration. Her physical exam suggested sacroiliac joint (SIJ) etiology, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). She was scheduled for an SIJ-diagnostic and therapeutic block and started on tramadol 50 mg 3 times daily on as needed basis. The patient subsequently developed severe hypoglycemia initially resistant to euglycemia restorative interventions with a rebound episode. Hypoglycemia resolved with oral ingestion of high levels of glucose and the patient was taken off tramadol. Fortunately, she did not require hospitalization. Discussion The clinical scenario described is a case of rebound hypoglycemia after tramadol use in a patient with type-1 diabetes naive to opioid analgesics. The episodes of hypoglycemia aligned perfectly with the anticipated pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of tramadol. The specificity and temporality of events after tramadol use in this patient fulfilled causality criteria. Tramadol may cause rebound hypoglycemia in patients via interference of the intrinsic euglycemia-restoration pathways and a blunted autonomic counter-regulatory response to antecedent hypoglycemia. Its use must be tempered by this underappreciated adverse effect profile.Key words: Tramadol, hypoglycemia, sacroiliac joint arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, serotonin uptake inhibitors, glutamate receptor 4.
Preoperative PARPi and irradiation (POPI) for women with an incomplete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer: A phase I trial.

TPS1142 Background: Fifty to seventy percent of breast cancer patients treated with NAC will have an incomplete response and ultimately worse outcomes than those with a pathologically complete resp...
The Role of CREB, SRF, and MEF2 in Activity-Dependent Neuronal Plasticity in the Visual Cortex.

The transcription factors CREB (cAMP response element binding factor), SRF (serum response factor), and MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2) play critical roles in the mechanisms underlying neuronal plasticity. However, the role of the activation of these transcription factors in the different components of plasticity in vivo is not well known. In this study, we tested the role of CREB, SRF, and MEF2 in ocular dominance plasticity (ODP), a paradigm of activity-dependent neuronal plasticity in the visual cortex. These three proteins bind to the synaptic activity response element (SARE), an enhancer sequence found upstream of many plasticity-related genes (Kawashima et al., 2009; Rodriguez-Tornos et al., 2013), and can act cooperatively to express Arc, a gene required for ODP (McCurry et al., 2010). We used viral-mediated gene transfer to block the transcription function of CREB, SRF, and MEF2 in the visual cortex, and measured visually evoked potentials in awake male and female mice before and after a 7 d monocular deprivation, which allowed us to examine both the depression component (Dc-ODP) and potentiation component (Pc-ODP) of plasticity independently. We found that CREB, SRF, and MEF2 are all required for ODP, but have differential effects on Dc-ODP and Pc-ODP. CREB is necessary for both Dc-ODP and Pc-ODP, whereas SRF and MEF2 are only needed for Dc-ODP. This finding supports previous reports implicating SRF and MEF2 in long-term depression (required for Dc-ODP), and CREB in long-term potentiation (required for Pc-ODP).SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Activity-dependent neuronal plasticity is the cellular basis for learning and memory, and it is crucial for the refinement of neuronal circuits during development. Identifying the mechanisms of activity-dependent neuronal plasticity is crucial to finding therapeutic interventions in the myriad of disorders where it is disrupted, such as Fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome, epilepsy, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. Transcription factors are essential nuclear proteins that trigger the expression of gene programs required for long-term functional and structural plasticity changes. Our results elucidate the specific role of the transcription factors CREB, SRF, and MEF2 in the depression and potentiation components of ODP in vivo, therefore better informing future attempts to find therapeutic targets for diseases where activity-dependent plasticity is disrupted.
Potential biases influencing interpretation of data from worldwide spontaneous ADR reports

The collection, tabulation, interpretation and reporting of safety data on marketed drugs constitute a major function for any phar­maceutical company. This activity is particularly challenging for a multinational organization when widely used therapies such as NSAIDs are involved. While spontaneous adverse reaction report­ing systems managed by companies and regulators alike might act as an alerting mechanism for unusual findings, especially rare but serious events, attempts are often made to use the same data to compare side-effect incidences between drugs. The diverse and complex medical, regulatory and socio-economic environments operating in different parts of the world often severely limit the validity of intercountry comparisons even on the same drug. For example, the relative rates of spontaneous ADR reporting based on estimated usage of piroxicam over comparable periods following in­troduction in Germany, the US, the UK and Sweden was 1 : 3 : 6 : 10, respectively.
The Impact of Primary Tumor Location on Long-Term Survival in Patients Undergoing Hepatic Resection for Metastatic Colon Cancer.

The impact of primary tumor location on overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and long-term outcomes has not been well established in patients undergoing potentially curative resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). A single-institution database was queried for initial resections for CRLM 1992–2004. Primary tumor location determined by chart review (right = cecum to transverse; left = splenic flexure to sigmoid). Rectal cancer (distal 16 cm), multiple primaries, and unknown location were excluded. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods were used. Cure was defined as actual 10-year survival with either no recurrence or resected recurrence with at least 3 years of disease-free follow-up. A total of 907 patients were included with a median follow-up of 11 years; 578 patients (64%) had left-sided and 329 (36%) right-sided primaries. Median OS for patients with a left-sided primary was 5.2 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.6–6.0) versus 3.6 years (95% CI 3.2–4.2) for right-sided (p = 0.004). On multivariable analysis, the hazard ratio for right-sided tumors was 1.22 (95% CI 1.02–1.45, p = 0.028) after adjusting for common clinicopathologic factors. Median RFS was marginally different stratified by primary location (1.3 vs. 1.7 years; p = 0.065). On multivariable analysis, location of primary was not significantly associated with RFS (p = 0.105). Observed cure rates were 22% for left-sided and 20% for right-sided tumors. Among patients undergoing resection of CRLM, left-sided primary tumors were associated with improved median OS. However, long-term survival and recurrence-free survival were not significantly different stratified by primary location. Patients with left-sided primary tumors displayed a prolonged clinical course suggestive of more indolent biology.
Wind-Driven Circulation in a Shelf Valley. Part II: Dynamics of the Along-Valley Velocity and Transport

AbstractThe dynamics controlling the along-valley (cross shelf) flow in idealized shallow shelf valleys with small to moderate Burger number are investigated, and analytical scales of the along-val...
Generation of Alternative Solutions in the Redundancy Management Problem for Hardware Complexes

We consider the problem of finding a set of alternative configurations of redundant complexes for onboard equipment and give an analytic solution. The redundancy problem is solved by finding admissible values of the “integration” matrix that contains the connections between input and output interfaces of individual components of the complex. For the case of a structured set of “integration” matrices, the set of nominal matrices and additions to them yields a complete set of solutions. We also give an illustrative example.
A Parallel Overset Adaptive Cartesian/Prism Grid Method for Moving Boundary Flows

The use of overset grids in CFD started more than two decades ago, and has achieved tremendous success in handling complex geometries[6]. In particular, overset grids have the advantage of avoiding grid remeshing when dealing with moving boundary flow problems. In this paper, two particular unstructured grids are advocated for moving boundary flow simulation, i.e., the use of overset adaptive Cartesian/prism grids. Semi-structured prism grids are generated around solid walls. These prism grids then overlap a single adaptive Cartesian background grid. With the adaptive Cartesian grid, the mesh resolution of the prism grid near the outer boundary can easily match that of the oversetting Cartesian grid cells. In addition, the tree-based data structure of the Cartesian grid can be used efficiently in hole-cutting and donor cell identification. In order to expedite the simulations, the entire solver was made capable of running in parallel. The overset adaptive Cartesian/prism grid method is tested for both steady and unsteady flow computation. It is demonstrated that moving boundary flow computations can be automated with minimum user interferences.
Batch Matrix Exponentiation

Matrix–matrix multiplication can be considered a linchpin of applied numerical dense linear algebra as the performance of many common dense linear algebra packages is closely tied to the performance of matrix–matrix multiplication. Batch matrix–matrix multiplication, the matrix–matrix multiplication of a large number of relatively small matrices, is a developing area within dense linear algebra and is relevant to various application areas such as phylogenetics, finite element modeling, image processing, fluid dynamics, and hydrodynamics. Using batch matrix–matrix multiplication as the foundation, we have developed an optimized batch matrix exponentiation algorithm in CUDA that outperforms cublasXgemmBatched for small square matrices. After introducing the original motivation for our problem, matrix exponentiation from the phylogenetics domain, we discuss our algorithm in the context of both cublasXgemmBatched, and two alternative GPU methods for the numerical computation of matrix exponentiation: Lagrange interpolation, and Newton interpolation. All comparisons are done on both the Fermi and the Kepler architectures.
Pulmonary stenosis with intact interventricular septum; report of 11 cases.

Abstract 1. 1. Eleven cases are reported herein of stenosis of the pulmonary valve in which the interventricular septum has been intact. In five of the patients there was associated patency of the foramen ovale of variable size. In ten of the cases the pulmonary stenosis was of sufficient degree to result in moderate to marked hypertrophy of the right ventricle. 2. 2. Electrocardiographic and roentgenographic data are presented and discussed. A high degree of right axis deviation in the electrocardiogram is characteristic. 3. 3. Heart failure was the cause of death in five of the patients, while causes unrelated to the heart accounted for the other deaths, including that of the three infants. Hepatic cirrhosis was observed in three of the five patients dying of heart failure. 4. 4. The etiology of pulmonary stenosis and congenital heart disease is discussed.
Social Perception and Stereotyping: An Interpersonal and Intercultural Approach

Social perception and stereotyping have been important issues in social and cross-cultural psychology for most of the 20th century. After briefly reviewing its history, the current article discusses social perception and stereotyping from the interpersonal and the cross-cultural perspective. Specifically, these issues are presented along a dimension ranging from intraindividual, to intragroup, to intergroup perception. First, the discussion of interpersonal perception emphasizes social perception in a face-to-face context. Though this section may appear to be technical and complicated to some readers, this level of detail is necessary to elaborate a most basic version of the componential approach to interpersonal perception. Second, the section on social stereotypes discusses social identity theory and the ingroup and outgroup homogeneity effects. Finally, the article concludes with a discussion of lingering concerns in research on social perception and stereotypes.
Migration and Social Capital

Migration social capital is referred to the tangible and/or intangible benefits acquired by international migrants as a result of having contacts (or social networks) at the place of origin and/or at the place of destination of the migrant. Those benefits can be acquired at any time during the migratory process, such as, during the first migration trip and later trips, while crossing international borders, and during and after the settling process. It reduces the cost and risk associated with international movement. Social capital is often provided by paisanos (or countryman), friends, or by family members.
The Impact of Pavement Albedo on Radiative Forcing and Building Energy Demand: Comparative Analysis of Urban Neighborhoods:

Albedo is the measure of the ratio of solar radiation reflected by the Earth’s surface. High-albedo reflective surfaces absorb less energy and reflect more shortwave radiation. The change in radiat...
Self-assembled porous metal-intermetallic nanocomposites via liquid metal dealloying

Abstract A major challenge in the synthesis of high surface area metals via subtractive processes such as dealloying is maintaining the mechanical integrity of the resulting porous materials. This problem is especially apparent in liquid metal dealloying, in which high-temperature selective dissolution in a molten metal bath leads to bicontinuous porosity formation. In liquid metal dealloying of polycrystalline alloys, grain boundary separation leads to the detachment of individual grains. In this work, we show that addition of small amounts of silicon to Nb Ti or Ta Ti parent alloys leads to the generation of self-assembled arrays of intermetallic (niobium silicide or tantalum silicide) plates that are structurally merged with the usual bicontinuous porosity seen in dealloying. These silicide plates pass through grain boundaries and hold the niobium or tantalum network intact without strongly affecting the microstructural evolution during dealloying. Our approach yields a mechanically robust porous metal-intermetallic composite, which can be further processed to form tertiary materials via re-impregnation by a new third phase. The materials design strategy introduced here can be generalized to serve as a platform to form dense multiphase nanocomposites.
Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Hydrochloride with Lidocaine during Midurethral Sling Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT Study Objective To study the effects of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) compared with bupivacaine hydrochloride with lidocaine on postoperative day 1 pain scores. Design A randomized controlled trial (Canadian Task Force classification 1). Setting An academic medical center within the department of female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery. Patients Fifty-seven patients undergoing midurethral sling placement by a fellowship-trained urogynecologic surgeon and a fellow in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery. Interventions Fifty-seven patients were enrolled to participate in this study. There were 24 patients randomized to receive liposomal bupivacaine and 33 to receive a mixture of bupivacaine and lidocaine during the placement of a retropubic midurethral sling. Measurements and Main Results Patients were given a diary of pain scales and asked to record their level of pain using the provided visual analog scale scored on a 100-mm Likert scale. Patients recorded their pain 4 hours after hospital discharge and on the night of surgery and their most intense pain each day thereafter for 7 days postoperatively. In addition, patients recorded total opioid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug consumption daily for 1 week postoperatively. Finally, the quality of recovery was assessed using the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) questionnaire scores. The median pain score in the experimental group was 20 mm (range, 0–80 mm) versus 30 mm (range, 0–60 mm) in the comparative group (p = .046). The postoperative day 1 QoR-15 scores were significantly lower in the LB group (124 [range, 54–150] vs 144 [range, 68–150], p = .007). There were no significant differences in opioid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug consumption, the remaining pain scores, or postoperative day 7 QoR-15 scores. Conclusion The results suggest the use of liposomal bupivacaine during retropubic midurethral sling placement does not provide a clinically significant difference in postoperative day 1 pain scores when compared with immediate-acting bupivacaine hydrochloride and lidocaine.
Identifying and Treating the Metabolic Syndrome

A 45-year-old male presents to an obesity medicine specialist for evaluation. His body mass index (BMI) is 40 kg/m2. His past medical history is significant for hypertension (HTN) and dyslipidemia. Medications include hydrochlorothiazide, losartan, rosuvastatin, and a daily aspirin. Blood pressure has been difficult to control despite his medications, and his cardiologist is considering adding a third agent. Family history is notable for both parents with obesity and HTN; his father had bariatric surgery. One of his sisters is overweight and has type 2 diabetes. He works as the manager of a construction company and is on his feet most of the day. He denies any use of tobacco and drinks one to two beers every night. His typical diet consists of a breakfast of eggs and toast, and then he will typically eat out for lunch and dinner, often stopping for dinner at fast-food restaurants on his way home.