cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract A67: Cancer rate estimates for the metropolitan Detroit Arab American population

Objective: Arab Americans (ArA) are classified racially as white by many federal agencies and thus few statistics are kept on this group, but local and regional studies have shown this group is not only culturally different but may face unique health challenges. Because of racial classification as white, both numerator and denominator data are lacking. In addition, as with other minority/immigrant groups, ArA are subject to undercounting, thus rendering population estimates suspect. Therefore, little is known about cancer in this population because incidence and mortality rates cannot be calculated due to lack of numerator and denominator data. We assessed different population numbers for estimating Detroit-area ArA cancer incidence and mortality rates, while using a name list and algorithm for numerator data. Methods: Age-adjusted rates were calculated following the National Cancer Institute9s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) methodology. Numerator data (new cancers and cancer-related fatalities, 5-year average from 2000–2004) were obtained by linking the Detroit SEER database with an Arab/Chaldean surname database and algorithm previously developed and validated. For the denominator data, we used the Public-Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) from the U.S. 2000 decennial census to calculate two different population estimates. The first population estimate (ArA Pop1) used self-report of Arab or Chaldean ancestry. The second population estimate (ArA Pop2) was a combined value of Arab/Chaldean ancestry, birthplace in an Arab League country, or Arabic/Syriac language spoken at home. These responses are from the U.S. Census Bureau long form questionnaire. To assess the feasibility of calculated rates, we compared incidence and mortality rates to those published by SEER for Detroit black and white population groups. Results: Both cancer incidence and mortality rates calculated using ArA Pop2 as the denominator were comparable to published rates for Detroit black and white subpopulations. We also calculated incidence rates for the 4 most common cancers (breast, prostate, lung, colorectal), as well as overall mortality, cancer mortality and heart disease mortality. ArA Pop2 again provided comparable estimates. Confidence intervals are fairly large due to small numbers. The published rates for Detroit black and white cancers are included within the confidence intervals for ArA rates; the rates for the 3 sub-populations are similar for all sites combined and the most common cancers. Conclusions: Using a surname matching system for numerator estimates and several indicators of ArA ethnicity from a publicly available dataset to estimate the denominator provides a reasonable approximation of the cancer burden in the Detroit ArA population. This approach may work for other common chronic diseases and is useful for public health surveillance activities. It also will be helpful for health planning in geographic areas with large ArA sub-populations, such as metropolitan Detroit.
Headroom and legroom in the 80960 architecture

Designing with a 32-bit processor requires a major investment of both hardware and software resources. Companies today rarely introduce successful 'one size fits all' products, but rather must design several products with varying degrees of features, performance and cost, to satisfy the marketplace. Once a decision is made on a 32-bit processor, it is highly desirable that this processor fit the needs of these end products across the price/feature/cost range. The Intel 80960 architecture satisfies this need by providing products which are code compatible and span a wide range of performance needs. >
Random Signal Processing

Providing detailed coverage of Wiener filtering and Kalman filtering, this book presents a coherent treatment of estimation theory and an in-depth look at detection theory for communication and pattern recognition.
Assessing the Effect of Pharmacist Care on Diabetes-Related Outcomes in a Rural Outpatient Clinic: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Background: The care of diabetic patients in rural areas is complicated by factors such as poor health literacy, cultural barriers, and primary care provider (PCP) shortages. Integrating pharmacist...
Controlling Feather Pecking and Cannibalism in Egg Laying Flocks

Abstract Globally, feather pecking and cannibalism create economic challenges for the producer and welfare challenges to poultry. Cannibalism may be an unfortunate side effect of uncontrolled feather pecking rather than a result of an aggressive encounter. Two primary types of feather pecking (gentle feather pecking and severe feather pecking) have been characterized in the scientific literature, both of which differ from aggressive pecking. Individual variations in brain morphology, stress responsivity, and genetics influence the development and perseverance of feather pecking. However, providing a consistent supply of quality litter, giving hens adequate access to perches, providing mashed food and nipple drinkers, and ensuring environmentally stable temperature, lighting, and air quality conditions may safeguard against the development of feather pecking. Once feather pecking begins, this behavior can be difficult to stop, so increasing our understanding of hen perception will identify strategies to prevent the development of this detrimental behavior.
The Beautiful Brain: The Drawings of Santiago Ramón y Cajal by Eric A. Newman, et. al.

Book review of The Beautiful Brain: The Drawings of Santiago Ramon y Cajal by Eric A. Newman, et. al.
Radiobiological issues in proton therapy.

Background: The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for particle therapy is a complex function of particle type, radiation dose, linear energy transfer (LET), cell type, endpoint, etc. In the c...
Pediatric orbital floor fracture : direct extraocular muscle involvement

Abstract Objective To study the clinical presentation, operative findings, and postoperative results of a surgical series of isolated orbital floor fractures in children. Design Noncomparative, retrospective, consecutive case series. Participants Thirty-four patients (34 orbits) less than 18 years of age with isolated orbital floor fractures. Indications for surgery were severe limitation of extraocular ductions, 22 of 34; enophthalmos, 8 of 34: or both, 4 of 34. Intervention Surgical repair. Main outcome measures Cause of fracture, symptoms, clinical signs, radiographic data, operative findings, postoperative results, and complications. Results Children older than 12 years of age were more likely to sustain an orbital floor fracture as a result of interpersonal violence than were children less than 12 years of age ( P = 0.020). Sixty-two percent of patients (21 of 34) exhibited pain with eye movements and/or nausea and vomiting. Most had a trapdoor type fracture (21 of 34). The inferior rectus muscle was entrapped in the orbital floor fracture in 69% (18 of 26) of patients with a severe limitation of ocular ductions. Preoperative nausea and vomiting were immediately relieved after surgery. The median time for improvement of preoperative duction deficits and diplopia was 4 days for patients receiving surgery within 7 days and 10.5 days for those undergoing surgery after 14 days ( P = 0.030). Resolution of duction deficits or diplopia was not dependent on time of surgery if performed within 1 month of injury. Loss of vision, worsening of motility, or implant complications did not occur. Conclusions Pediatric patients with isolated orbital floor fractures who had pain, nausea, vomiting, and severe limitation of extraocular motility often have direct entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle into the fracture site. Surgical repair rapidly relieved preoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. For patients with severe limitation of ductions, early surgical repair within 7 days of injury resulted in more rapid improvement of ductions and diplopia than surgery performed later.
Major Molecular Response in CML Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: The Paradigm for Monitoring Targeted Cancer Therapy

This article examines the role of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing of BCR-ABL transcript levels to assess minimal residual disease and outcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.
Student veterans' construction and enactment of resilience: A constructivist grounded theory study.

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject? Resilience is an ability and a process that allows an individual to develop positive adaptation despite challenges and adversities. Many military veterans returning to college after their military service have difficulty transitioning to civilian life. Although some research exists that explores factors related to the resilience of college student veterans, limited theoretical descriptions exist that explain how student veterans construct resilience, and how resilience is enacted and enhanced in their academic and personal (non-academic) lives. What this paper adds to existing knowledge? The resilience of student veterans involves a complex process of transitioning from military to civilian life and an iterative journey between positive adaptation and transient perturbations. Student veterans’ resilience is a result of integrating and resolving various aspects of their academic and personal challenges. What are the implications for practice? Nurses can apply this grounded theory as a practical framework for equipping student veterans with effective strategies to develop and enhance resilience. Nurses can employ a holistic approach of care in their interactions with military veterans and student veterans that includes fostering psychological resilience, helping to manage their multiple non-academic responsibilities and supporting their academic success. AbstractIntroduction Adjusting to college life is one of the most difficult experiences in a military veteran's transition to civilian life. Many military veterans returning to college not only encounter academic challenges, but also deal with physical and psychiatric disabilities, loss of military camaraderie and social disconnect. These often negatively affect their personal and academic lives. Hence, it is important to explore resilience to best support student veterans as they transition from military to civilian life. Aim The aim of this study was to explore how student veterans construct and enact resilience within their personal and academic lives. Method Using constructivist grounded theory methodology, in-depth individual interviews were conducted with 20 military veterans enrolled as undergraduate students at a U.S. university. Results The process of “integrating,” which represents student veterans’ construction and enactment of resilience, was the core category. This category has three subcategories: (1) the aspects; (2) the expressions; and (3) the enactments of resilience. Implications for practice Nurses can use this grounded theory as the practical framework for their interactions with military veterans, and more particularly with supporting student veterans in their academic lives, in their personal lives and in the transition from military to civilian life.
Neutralization Techniques for High-Frequency Amplifiers: An Overview

Neutralization techniques to mitigate the oscillatory currents/voltages in amplifiers due to instability goes as far back as the era of vacuum tube amplifiers. For instan ce, in U.S. patent 1,334,118, granted on 16 March 1920 to C.W. Rice, it was observed that "under certain conditions, a device employing an incandescent cathode, an anode, and a grid produces oscillatory currents in the circuits associated therewith and in some cases the oscillatory currents so produced interfere with the efficient reception, amplification and detection of the signals to be received." It then goes on by stating that "in order to compensate for the coupling due to the natural capacity between the grid 10 and anode 11 in Figure 1(a), which is represented by the dotted condenser 12, an electromotive force, equal and opposite to that impressed, is applied to the grid circuit through the condenser 13, upon the grid from the anode 11 across the capacity 12." [See Figure 1(a).]
The Antecedents of E-Grocery Store Continuance

This study presents a respecification of the DeLone and McLean IS success model and empirically assesses it to predict customers’ future purchases in the context of the online grocery store. Survey data were collected from 376 customers of one online grocery store. Structural equation modeling was conducted to validate the research model. The results indicate that service quality, product quality, and perceived ease of use are significant predictors of user satisfaction with the online grocery store. Additionally, user satisfaction, service quality, product quality, and perceived ease of use are significant predictors of customer future intentions to repurchase groceries from the online grocery store. The results may be of importance in explaining factors that measure success of the online grocery store, as well as in providing operators of the online grocery service with a better understanding of how to maintain customer loyalty.
Repurposing Vacant Land through Landscape Connectivity

Storm surge protection systems have proven effective in protecting populations in developed areas and can allow for development in otherwise potentially flood-prone areas. Resultant intensification of land conversion can result in large scale habitat fragmentation. Simultaneously, urbanized areas worldwide are increasingly accumulating large amounts of vacant land, creating an unprecedented opportunity to improve green space networks and natural systems. This article describes creation of a regional growth framework that balances the need to repurpose vacant lots with the provision of ecosystem services. The analysis seeks to maximize the structural connectivity of the landscape by using high ecological potential of vacant lands as a device for linking existing habitat patches, wildlife conservation areas, wetlands, riparian corridors, and small-scale green spaces. The research uses raster-based suitability models generated in ArcGIS to determine development potential and ecological values of vacant land parcels. Vacant lands having low development potential and high ecological value are linked spatially to create ecological corridors among patch areas using a least cost path connectivity model generated with Linkage Mapper software. Results indicate that vacant land can connect existing ecological patch and core areas with relatively minimal negative impact on development potential while simultaneously enhancing provision of ecological services. The approach provides a model for an ecological based solution to repurposing vacant urban land.
Geopolitics and Social Resistance: Flows of Latin America’s Natural Resources

This review essay looks at Christopher Boyer’s Political landscapes: forests, conservation and community in Mexico, (Duke University Press, Durham, 2015), Thomas Miller Klubock’s La Frontera: forests and ecological conflict in Chile’s Frontier Territory (Duke University Press, Durham, 2014), Pablo Lapegna’s Soybeans and power: genetically modified crops, environmental politics and social movements in Argentina (Oxford University Press, New York, 2016) and Elspeth Probyn’s Eating the ocean (Duke University Press, Durham, 2016) as each provide a holistic study of how political ecology and marginalized peoples engage the issue of natural resources in Latin America. Through they deal with different regions and a wide range of approaches to management, collectively they shine light on the social interactions that accompany changes in the land and how local communities engage issues surrounding nature’s use. On a larger level, they offer readers more insight into the field of the environmental humanities and what it means to live with the land.
Case 6: Just a Simple Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) Case

It is at the end of a long day in the OR. You are scheduled to do an emergency BROVIAC® catheter placement under MAC. The scheduler promises you that this is your last case of the day. The patient is an 83-year-old female, who has been in the hospital for 3 days for a work-up of her severe aortic stenosis for a possible aortic valve replacement. During the work-up, she has developed acute renal failure, and hence the BROVIAC® catheter placement. The patient is admitted to the OR from the ICU and her consent is signed by her son. Neither he nor any other relative is available prior to surgery. You meet the patient outside your operating room and the surgeon is anxious to get going. You say that you would like to speak to the patient and examine her. The patient is partially orientated for time and place. She says she understands that she needs the BROVIAC® catheter for a “problem with her kidneys.” She is a small lady, weighing 59 kg and 5’6” tall. She has edema of her legs and sacrum. Her vital signs are HR 110 regular with a BP of 130/90. Room air oxygen saturation is 91%. The patient is receiving 10 l/min oxygen via a face mask. Chest auscultation reveals decreased air entry at both bases with crepitations and rales all over her chest. She has shallow breathing at a rate of 34. Her neck veins are distended. You diagnose congestive cardiac failure, and the surgeon concurs with your assessment but wishes to proceed. You elect not to give her any sedation or narcotics except for more furosemide 40 mg IV. The patient is placed on the operating table, and you reassure her and place noninvasive monitors. An oxygen mask is placed with a strap on her head and 8 l of oxygen is provided. The surgeon injects 20 ml of lidocaine 1% into the surgical site. The junior intern has several attempts at finding the left subclavian vein. Suddenly there is a major drop in the end-tidal CO2 from 38 mm Hg to 15 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation falls to 83%. You diagnose a pneumothorax and provide mask ventilation with 100% oxygen. The patient’s saturation goes up to 94%, the highest it has been since you took over her care. You are about to intubate the patient’s trachea when the circulating nurse shouts: “The patient is a DNR/DNI (do not resuscitate/do not intubate).” You elect not to intubate the patient but to treat her pneumothorax with an emergency chest drain. With the help of the nurse, you assemble the drain in less than a minute [1]. With a functioning chest drain and more furosemide, the patient almost returns to her baseline over a period of 10–20 min. The surgeon aborts the catheter placement, and the patient is taken back to the ICU. Unfortunately, she dies within 2 h of arriving in the ICU without any heroic attempts to save her life as per her DNR/DNI.
(Invited) Nanoporous Membranes By Self-Assembly of “Hairy” Nanoparticles

We developed a novel approach to the preparation of nanoporous membranes by the assembly of polymer brush-modified colloidal nanoparticles. Membranes made of uncharged HNPs carrying PHEMA brushes were stable in water, disassembled in organic solvents and could withstand multiple cycles of assembly-disassembly. Their filtration cut-off could be controlled by varying the silica sphere diameter and depends on the polymer brush structure. These membranes can also be recycled and washed from contaminants. Charged HNP membranes containing PSPM-r-PEEMA brushes can be prepared through layered deposition of bare silica and hairy particles. The flux through these membranes responds to the changes in electrolyte concentration. The salt rejection by these membranes is in the moderate to high range (65-80%) and depends on the composition of the polymer brushes and salt concentration.
GSK3β Regulates Brain Energy Metabolism.

Summary GSK3β is a serine threonine kinase implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Although the role of GSK3β in growth and pathology has been extensively studied, little is known about the metabolic consequences of GSK3β manipulation, particularly in the brain. Here, we show that GSK3β regulates mitochondrial energy metabolism in human H4 neuroglioma cells and rat PC12-derived neuronal cells and that inhibition of GSK3β in mice in vivo alters metabolism in the hippocampus in a region-specific manner. We demonstrate that GSK3β inhibition increases mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential and alters NAD(P)H metabolism. These metabolic effects are associated with increased PGC-1α protein stabilization, enhanced nuclear localization, and increased transcriptional co-activation. In mice treated with the GSK3β inhibitor lithium carbonate, changes in hippocampal energy metabolism are linked to increased PGC-1α. These data highlight a metabolic role for brain GSK3β and suggest that the GSK3β/PGC-1α axis may be important in neuronal metabolic integrity.
Individualizing Intervention to Teach Joint Attention, Requesting, and Social Referencing to Children with Autism

Social communication skills such as joint attention (JA), requesting, and social referencing (SR) are deficits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Shifting gaze is a common response across these skills. In many studies, children respond variably to intervention, resulting in modifications to planned intervention procedures. In this study, we attempted to replicate the procedures of Krstovska-Guerrero and Jones (Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 28; 289–316, 2016) and Muzammal and Jones (Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 29; 203–221, 2017) to teach JA, requesting, and SR. In general, intervention procedures consisting of prompting and reinforcement were effective in teaching requesting, SR, and JA skills to children with ASD. However, not all children acquired each skill, and all children required individualized procedures to acquire some skills. We report the process of deciding how to modify intervention and discuss considerations for practitioners when planning intervention that may improve children’s performance.
The Raman Line Shape of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Most properties of micro/nanocrystals are different from those of bulk crystals. Because of their size, it is often difficult to characterize these objects. In recent years, microcrystalline silicon and other types of semiconductor microcrystals have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Analysis of the optic phonon line shape has been used to deduce the object size. In this review, our current understanding of the optic phonon line shape is presented with emphasis on objects of ~10 nm size. In the simplest model, the peak position, width and symmetry of the optic phonon lines are modified in a way that is a direct measure of size for spherical crystals. Although the model has been especially successful for spherical silicon grains, it can also be applied to other semiconductors and generalized to non-spherical shapes. A discussion of several significant factors that may complicate the interpretation of the spectrum is given, with emphasis on stress/strain, electromagnetic resonances for isolated grains, absorption effects in mixed phase films, surface or interface vibrations, and crystallinity of the film.
Concurrency in proof normalization and logic programming

Proof normalization manipulates formal proofs. It also provides a computation mechanism which belongs to the logic programming family. Although proof normalization can treat full predicate calculus, it is less practical than the well-known programming language, Prolog. In this paper, we propose a new technique of attaching proofs to Skolem functions. This technique enables one to nomalize a proof eagerly; that is, one can get a partial answer before the proof is totally normalized. This improves the usability of proof normalization. Partial answers are also useful in normalizing proofs concurrently. We compare our method with computation in Concurrent Prolog.
The Structure and Kinematics of Cold Molecular Gas in NGC 1068

I summarize fully-sampled observations of the 3 mm emission from CO and HCN in the inner arcminute of NGC 1068. The CO emission is distributed in the form of a molecular bar, coincident with the infrared bar, from which emanate two spiral arms. A relatively weak concentration of CO line emission is found at the nucleus. By contrast, the HCN emission is strongly concentrated at the center, with relatively weak emission in the region of the star-forming arms. The ratio of HCN to CO integrated intensities is about 0.6 over the central r ≉ 175 pc and is the highest ratio measured in the center of any galaxy; the ratio reflects the high thermal pressure (TK ~ 50 K, n[H2] ~ 4 × 106 cm-3) in the few hundred parsecs surrounding the nucleus.
Abstract 568: Deletion of AMP-activated Protein Kinase-alpha Triggers Mitochondrial Fission and Endothelial Dysfunction

Introduction: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been reported to regulate mitochondrial biogenesis, function, and turnover. However, the molecular mechanisms by which AMPK regulates mitochond...
Neurologic Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract Neurologic outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are pervasive. The most common are cognitive impairment, stroke, seizures, and peripheral neuropathies. Despite a strong graded association between measures of renal function and cognitive function, cognitive impairment in CKD patients is largely undiagnosed. Annual and predialysis cognitive screening is critical to avoid adverse outcomes of missed diagnoses of cognitive impairment: medication noncompliance and inability to make informed decisions regarding initiating dialysis. Cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and inflammation contribute to a CKD model of accelerated vascular cognitive impairment. Risk of stroke increases significantly in CKD and ESRD patients, up to sevenfold during the month of dialysis initiation. Aggressive treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents increases stroke risk appreciably. For stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, warfarin and dose-adjusted newer anticoagulants appear effective in stage 3 CKD patients but are unproven or contraindicated in CKD stage 4 or higher. Management of uremic polyneuropathy, mononeuropathies, and uremic pruritus is described in this chapter.
Healthcare expenditures of older patients with AML are similar between HMA and intensive induction chemotherapy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder of hematopoiesis with an aggressive clinical course. In 2017, there were an estimated 21,380 AML diagnoses, at a median age of 68 years [1]. Patien...
Bridging Warfarin Before Colonoscopy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

A limited number of trials that examined the risk of temporary interruption of anticoagulation before a variety of procedures did not find a reduction in the risk of stroke, but they did show an increased risk of bleeding events and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients who were bridged during warfarin interruption.
Planning for a War in Paradise: The 1966 Honolulu Conference and the Shape of the Vietnam War

This article explores the impact of one of the key non-military events in the U.S. war in Vietnam, at least in the crucial years from 1964 to 1968. During a two-day U.S.–South Vietnamese conference...
On the usefulness of gradient information in surrogate modeling: Application to uncertainty propagation in composite material models

Abstract In this work, the performance of non-gradient as well as gradient-enhanced versions of two different classes of surrogate modeling approaches, polynomial least squares regression and kernel based radial basis function interpolation, are compared in the context of a composite mechanics problem. Sequential space filling random designs are used for selecting the training points. The primary goal is to investigate whether additional gradient information obtained at a relatively small cost helps in generating surrogates of better quality compared to those obtained without any gradient information. It is found from the study that if the gradient and/or function evaluations are noisy, then the quality of the surrogate approximation is similar for both the gradient enhanced and the non-gradient based surrogate models. However, if the gradient and function evaluations are accurate, the gradient-enhanced surrogate models consistently perform better than the non-gradient based surrogate models, indicating that the gradient information enhances the quality of the surrogates. Low dimensional analytical test functions are used to demonstrate this behavior. As an application problem, we consider a multi-fiber reinforced composite model with a different interfacial damage parameter assigned to each fiber ∕ matrix interface. In particular, the surrogate describes the variation of the homogenized stress at a given input strain as a function of the interface damage parameters. The Interface-Enriched Generalized Finite Element Method (IGFEM) is used in this case to solve for the stress as well as the gradients of the stress with respect to the damage parameters. Thus the goal of this study is two-fold: (1) to compare the error convergence properties in surrogate modeling using different sequential random space filled designs, with and without gradient information; (2) to identify the circumstances in which additional gradient information is beneficial for surrogate modeling.
THE TICK THAT INFECTED THE TICKER: A CASE OF ANAPLASMA MYOPERICARDITIS IN A VERMONT VETERAN

Myocarditis is a rare but serious complication of tick-borne infections. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) can facilitate early diagnoses of suspected myocardial involvement in tick-borne illnesses. A 62 year-old healthy male veteran presented with a three week history of persistent
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patency and Survival in Patients on Dialysis

Abstract Background Little is known about graft patency after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed in patients on dialysis. Our aim was to assess patency of internal thoracic artery (ITA) grafts and saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) in these patients. Methods From 1/1997 to 1/2018, 500 patients on dialysis underwent primary CABG with or without concomitant procedures at Cleveland Clinic, 40 of whom had 48 postoperative angiograms for recurrent ischemic symptoms. Complete follow-up was obtained on all but 1 patient lost to follow-up 1 y after CABG. Thirty-six ITA grafts and 65 SVGs were evaluable for stenosis and occlusion. Results Two of 40 patients (5%) had emergency CABG; 3 (7.5%) with calcified aortas had a change in operative strategy to avoid ascending aortic manipulation, 2 (5%) had poor conduit quality, and 12 (30%) had severe diffuse atherosclerotic disease with calcification of the coronary targets causing technical difficulties. Thirty-three patients (82%) were bypassed with an in situ ITA and 3 (7.5%) had a free ITA graft. Three of 36 ITA grafts were occluded at 0.78, 1.8, and 9.4 y (too few to model). SVG patency was 52% and 37% at 1 and 2 y, respectively. Conclusions Among patients on dialysis who underwent CABG, coronary angiography for ischemic symptoms in a select subset revealed that SVG patency was lower than expected from published reports in the general CABG population and may contribute to the poor prognosis of this cohort. Further work is needed to guide graft selection and improve graft patency in dialysis patients.
Erythropoietin-induced hemoglobin subunit beta may stimulate innate immune RNA virus pattern recognition, suppress reactive oxygen species, reduce ACE2 viral doorway opening, and neutrophil extracellular traps against COVID-19.

Abstract Erythropoietin may stimulate innate immunity against RNA viruses, such as Covid-19, through hemoglobin sub-unit Beta acting on the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-1) and melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) viral pattern recognition receptors, causing interferon production and also maintains the vascular endothelium, a major target of SARS-CoV-2, possibly reducing thrombotic events which are becoming increasingly recognized complications of COVID19 This article is protected by copyright All rights reserved
The mitochondrial DNA variant m.9032T > C in MT-ATP6 encoding p.(Leu169Pro) causes a complex mitochondrial neurological syndrome.

Abstract Diagnosing complex V deficiencies caused by new variants in mitochondrial DNA is challenging due to the rarity, phenotypic diversity, and limited functional assessments. We describe a child with the m.9032T > C variant in MT-ATP6 encoding p.(Leu169Pro), with primary presentation of microcephaly, ataxia, hearing loss, and lactic acidosis. Functional studies reveal abnormal fragment F1 of complex V on blue native gel electrophoresis. Respirometry showed excessively tight coupling through complex V depressing oxygen consumption upon ADP stimulation and an excessive increase following uncoupling, in the presence of upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. These data add evidence about pathogenicity and functional impact of this variant.
Mostly Work and Some Play: Assessing the Associative Behaviors of the Roman Municipal familia publica

The municipal slaves and ex-slaves of Roman towns occupied a liminal socioeconomic status. Although scholarship has emphasized how this group’s links to municipal authority could confer social capital and foster access to lucrative civic institutions, a comprehensive analysis of the evidence indicates that few members ever advanced in existing social and economic structures. This article on the associative behaviors of current and former municipal slaves suggests that they instead relied on their official organization, the familia publica, for their civic identity and as an outlet for the meaningful engagement in local socioeconomic life that was so important for subaltern Romans.
CrossFlux: a method for hybridizing Xpatch and other codes

In electromagnetics, there is a class of problems that have two distinct parts. An example is computing scattering from a car next to a tower. The tower part is suitable for a high-frequency solver such as Xpatch. The car, with its small features and material, is best handled by a full-wave solver. The question is how to hybridize two isolated solutions with interactions. In this paper, we demonstrate a method for doing this type of hybridization. Our method is based on a "CrossFlux" formulation We have implemented the CrossFlux in the following three codes: (i) Xpatch from DEMACO, a high frequency shooting and bouncing ray code for scattering; (ii) SAF from DEMACO, a MoM code for PEC and bulk material with acceleration by the multilevel fast multipole algorithm; and (iii) PowerCavity from the University of Illinois, a FEM code specialized for solving cavity problems
AMP: authentication of media via provenance

Advances in graphics and machine learning have led to the general availability of easy-to-use tools for modifying and synthesizing media. The proliferation of these tools threatens to cast doubt on the veracity of all media. One approach to thwarting the flow of fake media is to detect modified or synthesized media through machine learning methods. While detection may help in the short term, we believe that it is destined to fail as the quality of fake media generation continues to improve. Soon, neither humans nor algorithms will be able to reliably distinguish fake versus real content. Thus, pipelines for assuring the source and integrity of media will be required---and increasingly relied upon. We present AMP, a system that ensures the authentication of media via certifying provenance. AMP creates one or more publisher-signed manifests for a media instance uploaded by a content provider. These manifests are stored in a database allowing fast lookup from applications such as browsers. For reference, the manifests are also registered and signed by a permissioned ledger, implemented using the Confidential Consortium Framework (CCF). CCF employs both software and hardware techniques to ensure the integrity and transparency of all registered manifests. AMP, through its use of CCF, enables a consortium of media providers to govern the service while making all its operations auditable. The authenticity of the media can be communicated to the user via visual elements in the browser, indicating that an AMP manifest has been successfully located and verified.
Case 19: A Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

You, the only anesthesiologist, are in a mission hospital in Sudan and are called urgently to the operating room (OR). A stat Cesarean section is scheduled. You arrive in the OR and find a 31-year-old woman, gravida 7, para 4, abortion 1, at 37 weeks’ gestation. She has regular labor pain and a bloody show. When her cervix was dilated to 10 cm, an artificial rupture of the membranes was performed. She had a non-vertex presentation. Shortly thereafter, a prolapsed cord was seen. The patient was put in a knee-chest position and a first-year nursing student was instructed to push the cord back in the vagina with her hand. The patient is transported in this manner to the OR. When you arrive, the patient is placed on the operating table with a left tilt. The same nurse has kept her hand on the umbilical cord throughout. The nurse tells you, through an interpreter, that she can feel a pulse which is about 100 beats per minute.
Principal Component Pursuit for Pattern Identification in Environmental Mixtures

Environmental health researchers often aim to identify sources/behaviors that give rise to potentially harmful exposures. We adapted principal component pursuit (PCP)-a robust technique for dimensionality reduction in computer vision and signal processing-to identify patterns in environmental mixtures. PCP decomposes the exposure mixture into a low-rank matrix containing consistent exposure patterns across pollutants and a sparse matrix isolating unique exposure events. We adapted PCP to accommodate non-negative and missing data, and values below a given limit of detection (LOD). We simulated data to represent environmental mixtures of two sizes with increasing proportions <LOD and three noise structures. We compared PCP-LOD to principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate performance. We next applied PCP-LOD to a mixture of 21 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) measured in 1,000 U.S. adults from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We applied singular value decomposition to the estimated low-rank matrix to characterize the patterns. PCP-LOD recovered the true number of patterns through cross-validation for all simulations; based on an a priori specified criterion, PCA recovered the true number of patterns in 32% of simulations. PCP-LOD achieved lower relative predictive error than PCA for all simulated datasets with up to 50% of the data <LOD. When 75% of values were <LOD, PCP-LOD outperformed PCA only when noise was low. In the POP mixture, PCP-LOD identified a rank-three underlying structure and separated 6% of values as unique events. One pattern represented comprehensive exposure to all POPs. The other patterns grouped chemicals based on known structure and toxicity. PCP-LOD serves as a useful tool to express multi-dimensional exposures as consistent patterns that, if found to be related to adverse health, are amenable to targeted interventions.
Coal gasification studies: Part I. Single stage complete gasification of coal using water as the hydrogen source

Abstract The complete gasification of coal to low molecular weight hydrocarbons has been achieved in a single stage process using water as the source of hydrogen. Reaction times of one hour, and a temperature of 600°C were required. The reactions were carried out in a stainless steel reactor with iodine or FeI 2 as a catalyst. It is shown that FeI 2 is a catalyst for the reaction Stainless Steel + H 2 O → H 2 + Metal Oxide and also for the coal hydrogenation reaction. The apparent excellent reduction efficiency is probably a consequence of the good contact between the coal sample and the catalyst, which at the reaction temperature has a significant vapor pressure.
Production of erythrogenin by organ cultures of rat kidney.

Organ cultures of rat kidney produce a factor capable of stimulating erythropoiesis in exhypoxic polycythemic mice. This material appears to be renal erythropoietic factor or erythrogenin, since biologic activity was observed only after incubation of the culture media with rat serum. Production of this material was similar in cultures prepared from four different anatomic regions of the kidney, suggesting that erythrogenin may be produced diffusely throughout this organ. Production of erythrogenin was usually insignificant during the first 3½ days in culture but became significant in all four anatomic regions during the second 3½ days. Histologic evaluation of the explants revealed primarily autolysis in the early period followed by the development of epithelial elements, many of which comprised renal tubular structures, during the later culture interval. The newly developed cells had a markedly hypertrophic Golgi apparatus, extensive rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and numerous polyribosomes, findings consistent with active protein synthesis. This organ culture technique provides direct evidence that the kidney produces an erythropoietic factor and represents a promising model for future studies of this problem.
Savings, Investment, and Growth in Mexico: Five Years After the Crisis

Despite Mexico`s recent remarkable progress in adjusting its fiscal and external accounts and in restructuring its economy, the recovery of growth has remained elusive. This paper reviews some aspects of Mexico`s recent performance and suggests that systemic adjustment uncertainty, and policy conflicts between stabilization and real depreciation objectives, are among the factors that have contributed most to delaying the private sector`s investment response and preventing a sustainable recovery. The paper also assesses future growth prospects and resource mobilization needs, based on a growth model that fully incorporates the internal transfer problem and emphasizes solvency requirements.
Compact Visibility Representation and Straight-Line Grid Embedding of Plane Graphs

We study the properties of Schnyder’s realizers and canonical ordering trees of plane graphs. Based on these newly discovered properties, we obtain compact drawings of two styles for any plane graph G with n vertices. First we show that G has a visibility representation with height at most \(\lceil \frac{15n}{16} \rceil\). This improves the previous best bound of n-1. The drawing can be obtained in linear time. Second, we show that every plane graph G has a straight-line grid embedding on an (n − Δ0 − 1) × (n − Δ0 − 1) grid, where Δ0 is the number of cyclic faces of G with respect to its minimum realizer. This improves the previous best bound of (n-1) × (n-1). This embedding can also be found in O(n) time.
A Novel, Nonbinary Evaluation of Success and Failure Reveals Bupropion Efficacy Versus Methamphetamine Dependence: Reanalysis of a Multisite Trial

A multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of bupropion for methamphetamine dependence was reanalyzed using a novel, nonbinary method of evaluating success and failure. The original analysis focused on a group response endpoint (the change in percentage of participants with methamphetamine-free urines each week over the course of the trial) and no significant bupropion effect was observed in the total population of study participants. In this reanalysis, individual participants were regarded as treatment success if they achieved multiple weeks of abstinence lasting through the end of the study, and their degree of success was quantified by calculating the number of beyond-threshold weeks of success (NOBWOS). Thus, setting the threshold at 1 week of end-of-study abstinence (EOSA), treatment successes were assigned NOBWOS values ranging from 1 to 11, with 1 corresponding to 2 weeks EOSA and 11 corresponding to abstinence throughput the entire 12-week trial. Treatment failures were assigned a value of 0. Comparison of NOBWOS values revealed a significant effect of bupropion to facilitate abstinence (P= 0.0176). In the bupropion group, 20% of participants achieved 2 or more weeks EOSA, 14% achieved 6 or more weeks EOSA, and 6% were abstinent throughout the trial; this compares with 7%, 4%, and 1% in the placebo group, respectively. On the basis of the NOBWOS analysis, bupropion seems to effectively facilitate the achievement of abstinence in methamphetamine-dependent individuals.
Neurobiology. Background inhibition to the fore.

Investigations of a neurotransmitter receptor required for 'background' neuronal inhibition in mice show the importance of such inhibition in keeping neuronal excitability under control.
Exact controllability of a system of coupled strings in parallel

We consider a system of parallel identical strings coupled by distributed springs and dampers. It is shown that despite the distributed damping, there exists a branch of eigenvalues that is purely imaginary leading to sustained oscillations. It is also proved that when Dirichlet boundary controls are applied and the control time is greater than or equal to , where c is the wave speed, the system is exactly controllable in an appropriate state space.
Chapter III - Fluid Absorption in High Bulk Nonwovens

Publisher Summary The component which is central to all absorbent products and which has been the subject of detailed studies for several years is the absorbent core. This chapter focuses on the fluid imbibing and holding behavior of the absorbent core. The chapter discusses the methodology used in conducting tests, the models employed in predicting behavior, and the results obtained in a number of experimental studies. The key requirement for absorbent core is the ability to imbibe rapidly and hold large amount of fluid under pressure. The total volume absorbed and held under pressure is largely determined by the interstitial space among the fibers, the absorbing and swelling characteristics of the material, and the resiliency of the web in the wet state. The chapter also discusses two parameters of major interest in characterizing absorbency—the absorbent capacity and the rate of absorbency.
Routing Information Protocol in HOL/SPIN

We provide a proof using HOL and SPIN of convergence for the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), an internet protocol based on distance vector routing. We also calculate a sharp realtime bound for this convergence. This extends existing results to deal with the RIP standard itself, which has complexities not accounted for in theorems about abstract versions of the protocol. Our work also provides a case study in the combined use of a higher-order theorem prover and a model checker. The former is used to express abstraction properties and inductions, and structure the high-level proof, while the latter deals efficiently with case analysis of finitary properties.
Heterochromatic Recombination in Germ Cells of DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Females

Heterochromatic recombination in germ cells was found to occur in females of Drosophila melanogaster having a specific genotype. Results of the present study can be summarized as follows: (1) The frequency of heterochromatic recombination descreases consistently and markedly as the female ages. (2) The female that induces heterochromatic recombination is associated with reduced number of progeny when she is young, but as she gets older, the number of progeny increases, approaching that of the normal female. The reduction in the number of progeny is due to unhatchability of eggs produced, not to reduced egg laying. (3) Cytoplasmic factors affect the above two traits. These traits seem to be due to interaction between chromosomal and cytoplasmic elements. (4) These traits are not expressed in males. (5) The increase in recombination frequency seems to be limited to the centric heterochromatin.—It is suggested that heterochromatic recombination is one of the traits associated with the I-R system of hybrid dysgenesis in D. melanogaster.