cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Virginia Wildrye Evaluated as a Potential Native Cool-Season Forage in the Northeast USA

Most forage grasses grown in the northeastern USA are introduced species. Interest in native plant species for conservation and production has increased because of new federal policies. We evaluated northeastern accessions of the native cool-season grass Virginia wildrye (Elymus virginicus L.) for yield, persistence, and plant morphological traits. Thirteen accessions, one cultivar (Omaha), and one commercial ecotype of Elymus were transplanted into single-row field plots in late summer of 2000 at Beltsville, MD, Rock Springs, PA, and Big Flats, NY. Two orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars were the checks. Yield and morphology (leaf width, length, mass, area, and tillers per plant) data were collected during 2001 and 2002. The Elymus accessions produced as much dry matter (28-57 g per plant) as the cultivar and commercial ecotype. Orchardgrass yielded more than twice as much dry matter than the mean of all Elymus entries (94 vs. 34 g per plant averaged for years and locations). The difference in productivity was related to reduced tillering in Elymus especially during regrowth. Yield per plant was strongly correlated (r = 0.62-0.81, P < 0.01) with the number of tillers per plant. Differences in productivity were also reflected in leaf blade traits, with Elymus having a lower leaf area and mass than orchardgrass. Leaf traits were positively correlated (r = 0.35-0.56, P < 0.05) with plant yield. Some northeastern Elymus accessions would probably perform as well as the commercial sources of Elymus in conservation plantings.
Suicidal Behavior in Elders

Suicide is a major public health concern for older adults, who have higher rates of completed suicide than any other age group in most countries of the world. Older men are at greatest risk. Reduction of suicide-related morbidity and mortality in this age group hinges on systematic study at each point in the suicide preventive intervention research cycle. Improvements in systems for surveillance of late-life suicidal behavior, particularly attempted suicide, are needed to further develop the foundation on which to evaluate differences in the elderly subgroup, over time, and in different locations, and to better assess changes in response to interventions. This article provides an overview of suicide in later life and a foundation on which to base decisions about the design and implementation of preventive interventions.
Synthesis and x-ray crystal structures of poly-adamantane molecular rods

Abstract End-functionalized molecular rods composed of apically repeating adamantane units linked by double bonds are easily prepared in one step by a mixed McMurry coupling
Effect of Surface Freezing on Meniscus Relaxation in Side Chain Comb Polymers

We have observed a sharp slowing down of the relaxation of the liquid meniscus for poly(n-alkyl acrylate) at temperatures where there are no abrupt changes in bulk viscosity or surface tension. This slowing down is due to the formation of a surface-ordered monolayer above the bulk melting temperatures. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy measurements reveal that the surface capillary fluctuations are also significantly slower due to the formation of the ordered monolayer for film thicknesses comparable to that of the precursor films. The slowing down of the precursor film dynamics is responsible for slower meniscus relaxation below the surface ordering transition temperature.
Spiral Formation on Natural Crystalline Sulphur

RECENTLY, observations of the growth spirals suggested by Frank's theory1 have been reported on many different substances.
Methadone for the induction of anesthesia: plasma histamine concentration, arterial blood pressure, and heart rate.

Despite the widespread use of methadone for the treatment of acute and chronic pain, the hemodynamic effects of methadone administered by IV bolus have not been studied. We compared the hemodynamic effects of an IV bolus of methadone 20 mg with those of fentanyl 10 μg/kg for the induction of anesthe
Predicting Renal Outcomes in Children With Anterior Urethral Valves: A Systematic Review

Purpose: Prognostic information is limited on children with congenital anterior urethral valves or a diverticulum. We reviewed the literature and examined our clinical database to identify clinical features predicting a poor renal outcome, defined as azotemia, renal failure or death.Materials and Methods: We reviewed 97 English language studies of patients 18 years old or younger. Seven patients from our institutions were also included in analysis. After data abstraction we used multivariate models to define factors associated with outcomes of interest.Results: We identified 239 male patients with anterior urethral valves, of whom 139 had adequate data available for study inclusion. Of these patients 108 (78%) had normal renal function after treatment. On bivariate analysis vesicoureteral reflux (OR 22.4, p <0.0001), pretreatment azotemia (OR 17.1, p <0.0001), urinary tract infection (OR 3.3, p = 0.006), hydronephrosis (OR 10.0, p = 0.0004) and bladder trabeculation (OR 7.3, p = 0.01) were associated with...
Fever in Haemophilus ihfluenzae Type B Meningitis

Ninety-nine cases of Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) meningitis were analyzed to assess the causes of secondary and persistent fever and outcome of treatment. Secondary fever developed in 47 patients, 11 had persistent fever and 4 patients died. Secondary fevers were associated with intercurrent illness in 30 per cent, drug fever in 15 per cent, and neurologic complications in 13 per cent. Serious neurologic or other complications were no more common in patients with than in those without secondary fever. However, patients with persistent fever demonstrated a higher rate of neurologic complications. Neither persistent nor secondary fever are markers of bacteriologic relapse or inadequate therapy.
Using fluorescent labeling of bacteria instead of the Filter membrane culture method to monitor bacteria in semiconductor equipment

This paper describes the sampling methodology, the benefits and lessons learned converting a semiconductor fab's ultrapure water (UPW) bacteria testing procedure to a process with a faster turn-around time. The fab went from using a Filter membrane culture method (FMC) for monitoring the bacteria in the ultrapure water (UPW) of process equipment to using the fluorescent labeling method using laser scanning cytometry (LSC). The new procedure was as good or better than the previous procedure although at a slightly higher cost. Several examples illustrate its use in releasing newly installed equipment to production and in troubleshooting bacteria contamination problems.
Lung Transplant Outcomes for High-Risk Patients (LAS≥50) with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

Purpose To evaluate our institutional experience in lung transplantation for high-risk IPF patients as defined by high LAS scores. Methods and Materials We retrospectively reviewed 91 consecutive IPF patients who underwent lung transplantation (LTX) at our institution between May 2005 and October 2012. High risk IPF patients with LAS≥50 (high-LAS, n =17) were compared to patients with LAS n =74). Results High-risk IPF patients had more severe pulmonary dysfunction (%FVC; 37 [high-LAS] vs. 52 [low-LAS], and %FEV1; 42 vs. 55%, p Conclusions Lung transplantation in high-risk IPF patients is associated with increased post-LTX pulmonary complications versus IPF patients who are less ill (as reflected by lower LAS values). However, long-term, post-LTX survival for carefully selected, high-risk patients was equivalent to that for lower-risk recipients transplanted at our center. However, management of high-risk IPF patients is quite challenging both before and after LTX. [ figure 1 ]
Laser-induced fluorescence technique for the quantification of mixing in impinging jets

A laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique is implemented to measure concentration profiles and mixing performance in two impinging jet geometries. Experimental results are reported for steady and unsteady (transitional) mixing of initially segregated miscible fluids. Flow structures are visualized by imaging concentration distributions at five vertical planes throughout the mixers. Mixing is quantified for each Reynolds number examined by calculating the overall intensity of segregation. Mixing performance varies substantially as a function of Reynolds number. Optimum operating conditions are identified for both impinging jet geometries. The results demonstrate the ability of laser-induced fluorescence to quantitatively capture small- and large-scale flow structures and accurately and reproducibly quantify mixing performance in real time for industrially-relevant mixing devices. The LIF technique proves to be an accurate and versatile method to quantify mixing performance of miscible fluids.
Effects of Cooling Procedures on Shear Values, Instron Measurements, Protein Solubility and pH of Turkey

Abstract INTRODUCTION THE procedures by which meat is cooled affect the postmortem changes in meat, and may affect its ultimate tenderness. Cold shortening at 0–2°C. results in toughening of excised muscle (deFremery and Pool, 1960; Locker and Haggard, 1963; Marsh and Leet, 1966). Thus, the normal procedure for chilling poultry by placing freshly slaughtered birds in slush ice may result in cold shortening and toughening of the muscle tissue. The chilling temperature has a marked effect on postmortem reaction in muscle. Lower temperature in the 35°C. to 5°C. range slows completion of rigor (Bate-Smith and Bendall, 1949; and Briskey et al., 1962) retards the rate of pH decline and results in significantly higher ultimate pH (Cassens and Newbold, 1966, 1967; Wismer-Pedersen and Briskey, 1961). The effect of cooling procedures on protein solubility has not been well documented. Most research has been primarily concerned with the effect of pH on…
The effects of stimulants and depressants on cocaine self-administration behavior in the Rhesus monkey

The effects of acute intramuscular pretreatment with several dosages of a variety of centrally acting compounds on intravenous cocaine self-administra- tion behavior were ascertained. Pretreatment with morphine and pentobarbital produced no change in this behavior until dosages (2.0 mg/kg and 15.0 mg/kg respectively) were administered which grossly depressed grooming, exploratory, and locomotor activity behaviors, d-amphetamine (0.5--4.0 mg/kg) and phenmetra- zine (2.0--12.0 mg/kg) pretreatment produced a dose-related decrease in cocaine self-administration. Trifluoperazine in dosages of 0.01--0.1 mg/kg increased the frequency of this behavior; whereas, higher dosages (0,2, 0.4mg/kg) grossly depressed behavior. Imipramine (10--50 mg/kg) produced a dose-related decrease in cocaine self-administration. Potential mechanisms of these drug--behavior and drug--drug interactions are discussed.
Sensorless parts orienting with a one-joint manipulator

This paper explores a sensorless technique for orienting planar parts. We follow an approach described in the ours earlier papers (1995), called one joint over conveyor (1JOC), which can perform planar manipulation using a single controlled joint in combination with a constant-velocity conveyor. Our previous work demonstrated that the IJOC approach can orient and feed planar polygonal parts, given a singulated part in a known initial location. This paper shows that a variation called the sensorless IJOC can orient and feed polygonal parts up to symmetries in the underlying mechanics, without knowing the initial location and without sensors.
Sexual selection in a simultaneous hermaphrodite with hypodermic insemination: body size, allocation to sexual roles and paternity

Theory predicts that variation in body size within a population of simultaneous hermaphrodites should affect sex allocation, leading to individual differences in mating strategies and increased investment in female function with size. Small animals with fewer resources should invest proportionally more of their resources in male function than large animals, resulting in sperm displacement and paternity patterns that are independent of body size. This study investigated the effect of body size on mating patterns, egg production (an indirect measure of sperm transfer) and paternity in Alderia modesta, a sperm-storing, hermaphroditic sea slug with hypodermic insemination. The relative sizes of two hermaphrodites affected the probability and duration of inseminations; smaller animals inseminated larger mates for longer than vice versa. Sperm transfer began at a smaller size and age than egg production, and estimates of both sperm transfer and egg production increased with body size. Paternity patterns varied widely; in this species, unpredictable sperm precedence patterns may be a consequence of hypodermic insemination and the lack of a well-defined sperm storage organ. Hypodermic injections across all sections of the body successfully transferred sperm and fertilized eggs. The function and consequences of hypodermic insemination are discussed. Copyright 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Periprosthetic Fractures About the Hip: A Case-Matched Retrospective Analysis of Functional Outcomes Postrehabilitation

Introduction:Little research has examined postrehabilitation functional outcomes of periprosthetic hip fractures. Predicted functional deficits and acceptable rehabilitation outcomes for these pati...
Social media and pediatric hospital medicine: how our discipline benefits from a virtual community and why it matters for our future.

Social media, defined as Internet-based applications that support the collaborative creation and exchange of user-generated content,1 is now part of our culture. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Doximity, blogs, and wikis are pervasive means of communication and information dissemination in our society. For physicians, this transparent way of communicating affects patient expectations, engagement, and education.2,3 Whether these methods are being used to network professionally, advocate for public health, or to provide patient outreach and education, physician use and awareness of social media influence their clinical practice and professional engagement. At the Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM) conference in 2012, the planning committee and conference attendees dedicated resources to social media. The primary objective for the use of Facebook was to publicize conference events and content. The primary objective for the use of Twitter was to increase conference participants’ engagement and satisfaction, as well as reach a larger audience on topics pertinent to PHM. At the PHM conference in 2013, social media faculty again supported Twitter and Facebook activity. In addition, the conference hashtag (#PHM2013) was registered with the Symplur (Upland, CA) Healthcare Hashtags Project (http://www.symplur.com/healthcare-hashtags/). Between 2012 and 2013, participants using social media on both platforms increased (Fig 1). The overall number of impressions for Tweets tagged #PHM2013 was 903 797, nearly 10 times higher than the smaller sampling of #PHM2012 the previous year. FIGURE 1 Social media activity on Facebook and Twitter for PHM conferences. Objectives in 2012, the first year of a dedicated social media presence at the PHM conference, were to enhance conference attendees’ experiences and to share the ideas at PHM with an audience beyond the actual conference attendees. Given the positive qualitative responses by those participating actively in social media platforms and the fact that …
Epigenetic and inflammatory marker profiles associated with depression in a community-based epidemiologic sample

Background Recent work suggests that epigenetic differences may be associated with psychiatric disorders. Here we investigate, in a community-based sample, whether methylation profiles distinguish between individuals with and without lifetime depression. We also investigate the physiologic consequences that may be associated with these profiles. Method Using whole blood-derived genomic DNA from a subset of participants in the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study (DNHS), we applied methylation microarrays to assess genome-wide methylation profiles for over 14 000 genes in 33 persons who reported a lifetime history of depression and 67 non-depressed adults. Bioinformatic functional analyses were performed on the genes uniquely methylated and unmethylated in each group, and inflammatory biomarkers [interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were measured to investigate the possible functional significance of the methylation profiles observed. Results Uniquely unmethylated gene sets distinguished between those with versus without lifetime depression. In particular, some processes (e.g. brain development, tryptophan metabolism) showed patterns suggestive of increased methylation among individuals with depression whereas others (e.g. lipoprotein) showed patterns suggestive of decreased methylation among individuals with depression. IL-6 and CRP levels were elevated among those with lifetime depression and, among those with depression only, IL-6 methylation showed an inverse correlation with circulating IL-6 and CRP. Conclusions Genome-wide methylation profiles distinguish individuals with versus without lifetime depression in a community-based setting, and show coordinated signals with pathophysiological mechanisms previously implicated in the etiology of this disorder. Examining epigenetic mechanisms in concert with other dynamic markers of physiologic functioning should improve our understanding of the neurobiology of depression.
Transplant renal artery stenosis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapy.

Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a well-recognized vascular complication after kidney transplant. It occurs most frequently in the first 6 months after kidney transplant, and is one of the major causes of graft loss and premature death in transplant recipients. Renal hypoperfusion occurring in TRAS results in activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; patients usually present with worsening or refractory hypertension, fluid retention and often allograft dysfunction. Flash pulmonary edema can develop in patients with critical bilateral renal artery stenosis or renal artery stenosis in a solitary kidney, and this unique clinical entity has been named Pickering Syndrome. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of TRAS can prevent allograft damage and systemic sequelae. Duplex sonography is the most commonly used screening tool, whereas angiography provides the definitive diagnosis. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stent placement can be performed during angiography if a lesion is identified, and it is generally the first-line therapy for TRAS. However, there is no randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty compared with medical therapy alone or surgical intervention.
Stochastic Modeling and Design of Vehicular and Pedestrian Networks

One of the most important problems in today's engineering, planning, and design community is the performance modeling and design of vehicular and pedestrian traffic networks. Although there are many deterministic models for these problems, few stochastic models other than simulation have been developed. State-dependent queues and finite queuing network models are crucial tools for the topological network design of traffic networks, routing of occupants, and the capacitated allocation and design of resources to accommodate occupant traffic. The latter network design and analysis problems are the focus of the present effort.
An object tracking algorithm based on multi-model and multi-measurement cues

In this paper, we present a new visual object tracking algorithm for video surveillance systems. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a new particle filter (PF) that incorporates multiple dynamic models and multiple measurement cues to achieve reliable and accurate tracking in different tracking scenarios. More specifically, this algorithm utilizes a discretized proposal distribution to obtain more support from the system posterior distribution. In addition, a new likelihood model is designed to take advantage of multiple measurement cues to achieve reliable estimation. Also, this algorithm is implemented in the multiple model framework to further improve the robustness. Experimental results have demonstrated that this new algorithm is capable to provide effective and reliable tracking results in different tests.
Instructed smoking expectancy modulates cue-elicited neural activity: A preliminary study

In recent years, research applying functional neuroimaging to the study of cue-elicited drug craving has emerged. This research has begun to identify a distributed system of brain activity during drug craving. A review of this literature suggested that expectations regarding the opportunity to use a drug affected the pattern of neural responses elicited by drug cues. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined the effects of smoking expectancy on the neural response to neutral (e.g., roll of tape) and smoking-related (a cigarette) stimuli in male cigarette smokers deprived of nicotine for 8 hr. As predicted, several brain regions (e.g., the anterior cingulate cortex) exhibited differential activation during cigarette versus neutral cue exposure. Moreover, we found that subregions of the prefrontal cortex (i.e., ventromedial, ventrolateral, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices) showed cue-elicited activation that was modulated by smoking expectancy. These results highlight the importance of perceived drug use opportunity in the neurobiological response to drug cues.
Comparing crystal-melt interfacial free energies through homogeneous nucleation rates.

In this work, we compared several available crystal‐melt interfacial free energies via homogeneous nucleation rates in a pure Lennard-Jones model system using both model fitting and numerical methods. We examined the homogeneous nucleation temperature obtained from the classical nucleation theory using the available interfacial free energies from three different methods as inputs, i.e. the free energy integration method, the interface fluctuation method and the classical nucleation theory based method. We found that the critical temperature obtained by using the interfacial free energy calculated recently (Bai and Li 2006 J. Chem. Phys. 124 124707) is in better agreement with that obtained from spontaneous crystallization in an independent molecular dynamics simulation. The discrepancies among the interface energies are discussed in light of these results. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
Synthesis and investigation of the metal-metal interactions in early/late heterobimetallic complexes linking group 5 imido fragments to Co(I).

Phosphinoamide ligands have been utilized to link a CoI center to a Nb or Ta imido fragment. The resulting heterobimetallic complexes, ICo(Ph2PNiPr)3MNtBu, have weakened dative metal–metal interactions as a result of the strongly donating imido ligand. These complexes can be reduced by 2 electrons to generate dinitrogen-bound complexes.
Optimization of droplet routing for an n-plex bioassay on a digital microfluidic lab-on-chip

The multiplexed in-vitro measurement of glucose and other metabolites in human physiological fluids is of great importance for the clinical diagnosis of metabolic disorders. We present a design technique for optimizing an n-plex bioassay on an electrowetting-based digital microfluidic lab-on-chip. The n product droplets of the n-plex bioassay are detected using a photomultiplier tube located at the transport bus of the lab-on-chip. We optimize the routing of the droplets and prove that this approach minimizes the assay completion time. The effectiveness of the proposed droplet-routing schedule is shown via an on-chip experiment for a 3-plex assay. We compare the completion time of the proposed routing schedule to an unoptimized baseline schedule for the n-plex assay.
Modeling, design, fabrication, and performance of bi-layer, mode 2, four-arm, cavity-backed, vertically fed, spiral antennas

Spiral antennas are used quite frequently for applications that require broadband operation with a high purity of circular polarization and consistent, azimuthally symmetric radiation patterns. Typically a complex feeding network is required to achieve the proper phase progression between adjacent spiral arms. This network must also be capable of performing well over the same or greater bandwidth as the antenna itself. The design of such modeforming network is challenging, expensive with the complexity depending upon the total number of spiral arms on the structure and the desired mode of operation. In this paper a simple, well performing, vertical coaxial feed able to generate a mode 2, conical pattern from a four-arm spiral antenna is introduced. The modeformer is much simpler than that introduced recently. A requirement for this novel feed configuration is a two-level metallization of the spiral structure. That is, two opposite spiral arms in one plane and the remaining set of opposite spiral arms in an offset plane. Numerical modeling of the proposed design is presented and validated with measured results.
Off-line LED driver with bidirectional second stage for reducing energy storage

This paper presents a technique for reducing energy storage capacitance and achieving high efficiency in off-line LED drivers. A bidirectional second stage is utilized to reduce the required energy storage, allowing use of high quality, long lifetime capacitors without significantly increasing cost. The bidirectional structure reduces losses when compared to traditional cascaded stages since less than one third of the total input energy is processed by the bidirectional stage. A two-stage LED driver is designed and tested, with a boost converter operating at critical conduction mode (CRM) as power factor correction (PFC) first stage and a synchronous boost converter with soft switching operating at 400 kHz switching frequency as the bidirectional second stage. Experimental results are presented for a 100-W off-line LED system. The total losses from the bidirectional second stage are less than 3% of the input power, and the overall efficiency including the PFC stage is greater than 94%.
High resolution structure, stability, and synaptotagmin binding of a truncated neuronal SNARE complex

The structure of a truncated SNARE complex has been solved to 1.4-A resolution revealing a stabilizing salt bridge, sites of hydration, and conformational variability of the ionic central layer that were not observed in a previously published structure at 2.4-A resolution (Sutton, R. B., Fasshauer, D., Jahn, R., and Brunger, A. T. (1998) Nature 395, 347–353). The truncated complex lacks residues involved in phospholipid binding and denatures at a lower temperature than longer complexes as assessed by SDS and circular dichroism thermal melts. The truncated SNARE complex is monomeric, and it retains binding to synaptotagmin I.
A taxonomy of inheritance semantics

One of the fundamental concepts of the object-oriented paradigm is inheritance. Unfortunately, though, there is not just one semantic definition of inheritance in the object-oriented world; instead, it is used in various languages to represent a number of different kinds of class relationships. This creates several difficulties. One is that language-independent references to inheritance, in specifications for example, are not well-defined. Another is that we cannot apply our understanding of inheritance from one language to another. In some languages, we cannot even apply the same understanding of inheritance from one class to another. This paper identifies three different ways in which inheritance is used, describes the conceptual distinctions among them, and identifies what information we can infer from each. >
Control of Junctional Hemorrhage in a Consensus Swine Model With Hemostatic Gauze Products Following Minimal Training

ABSTRACT Objective: Uncontrolled hemorrhage from junctional wounds that cannot be controlled by traditional tourniquets accounts for one in five preventable battlefield exsanguination deaths. Products for treating these wounds are costly and require special training. However, chemically treated gauze products are inexpensive, potentially effective, and require only minimal training. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of three hemostatic gauze products following brief training, using a consensus swine groin injury model. Methods: After viewing a 15-minute PowerPoint presentation, without demonstration or practice, 24 U.S. Navy Corpsmen, most with little to no live tissue or hemostatic agent experience, applied one of three hemostatic agents: QuikClot Combat Gauze, Celox Trauma Gauze, or Hemcon ChitoGauze. Animals were resuscitated and monitored for 150 minutes to assess initial hemostasis, blood loss, rebleeding, and survival. Participants completed a survey before training and following testin...
Current Perspectives in Health Literacy Research

We are pleased to present our sixth annual special issue on health literacy for the Journal of Health Communication. The 2015 special issue seeks to advance our understanding of health literacy, ad...
Supplemental Selenium Source in Holstein Steers Challenged with Intranasal Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis Virus: Blood Metabolites, Hormones, and Cytokines

As an integral constituent of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), Se is a vital antioxidant during stress. Calves are exposed to multiple factors that can lead to oxidative stress, including viral infection. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Se and Se source on immune function of Holstein steer calves challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV). Twentyfour Holstein steers (initial BW = 170 ± 0.6 kg) were assigned randomly to 3 treatments: 1) no supplemental Se (control); 2) 1 mg/steer daily of Se from Se yeast (Sel-Plex, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY); or 3) 5 mg/steer daily of Se from sodium selenite. Treatments were fed for 35 d before intranasal inoculation with IBRV (d 0) and were continued through 21 d after the challenge. Whole blood Se was greater (P 0.80) was not affected by treatment. Serum interleukin-1β concentrations tended to be greater (P = 0.09) in steers fed selenite compared with control steers, and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations 12 h after the challenge tended (P = 0.09) to be greater in steers fed Sel-Plex compared with control steers. Steers in the selenite group had decreased (P ≤ 0.02) serum urea N at 4 and 72 h after the challenge compared with control steers, and steers receiving Sel-Plex had increased serum urea N at 72 h (P = 0.008) after the IBRV challenge compared with control steers. Serum glucose concentrations tended (P = 0.06) to be
Holistic analysis of emerging contaminant removal using advanced oxidation processes

The presence of pollutants known as emerging contaminants in water and wastewater is a topic of growing interest. Emerging contaminants, which include endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), are compounds that remain relatively unknown, although their adverse effects have been proven. Emerging contaminants are not satisfactorily removed by traditional treatment methods; therefore, there is a need for innovative techniques. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been recognized as successful removal methods for these problematic pollutants. However, technical success is not the only factor that must be considered. Process engineering, environmental, and economic and social parameters were considered. A holistic analysis was completed using a ranking system to determine the performance of several AOPs (ozonation, UV, photocatalysis, the Fenton reaction, and integrated processes). Ultimately, H2O2/O3 presented the highest average ranking (3.45), with the other processes showing similar performance, with the exception of TiO2 photocatalysis (2.11).
Analyses of the Roles of R.Meliloti Exopolysaccharides in Nodulation

Genetic experiments have indicated that succinoglycan (EPS I), the acidic Calcofluor-binding exopolysaccharide, of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobium meliloti strain Rm1021 is required for nodule invasion and possibly for later events in nodule development on alfalfa and other hosts. Thirteenn exo loci on the second megaplasmid have been identified that are required for, or affect, the synthesis of EPS I. Mutations in certain of these loci completely abolish the production of EPS I and result in mutants that form empty Fix- nodules. We have identified two loci, exoR and exoS, that are involved in the regulation of EPS I synthesis in the free-living state. Certain exo mutations which completely abolish EPS I production are lethal in an exoR95 or exoS96 background. Histochemical analyses of the expression of exo genes during nodulation using exo::TnphoA fusions have indicated that the exo genes are expressed most strongly in the invasion zone. In addition, we have discovered that R. meliloti has a latent capacity to synthesize a second exopolysaccharide (EPS II) that can substitute for the role(s) of EPS I in nodulation of alfalfa but not of other hosts. Possible roles for exopolysaccharides in symbiosis are discussed. Evidence indicating that the R. meliloti exoD gene encodes a novel function needed for nodule invasion is summarized.
Clinical associations of immature breathing in preterm infants: part 1-central apnea

Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is nearly universal among very preterm infants, but neither the apnea burden nor its clinical associations have been systematically studied in a large consecutive cohort. We analyzed continuous bedside monitor chest impedance and electrocardiographic waveforms and oxygen saturation data collected on all neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients 50 infant-years of data). Apneas, with bradycardia and desaturation (ABDs), defined as central apnea ≥10 s associated with both bradycardia <100 bpm and oxygen desaturation <80%, were identified using a validated automated algorithm. Number and duration of apnea events decreased with increasing gestational age (GA) and postmenstrual age (PMA). ABDs were more frequent in infants <31 wk GA at birth but were not more frequent in those with severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), or severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) after accounting for GA. In the day before diagnosis of late-onset septicemia and necrotizing enterocolitis, ABD events were increased in some infants. Many infants continued to experience short ABD events in the week prior to discharge home. Frequency of apnea events is a function of GA and PMA in infants born preterm, and increased apnea is associated with acute but not with chronic pathologic conditions.
ON THE ANIONS OF DIPHENYL 1-(4-NITROPHENYLAMINO)-1-ARYLMETHANE PHOSPHONATES1

Abstract By means of UV spectroscopy it is shown that the anions derived of diphenyl 1-(4-nitrophenylamino)-1-arylmethane phosphonates are carbanions and not nitranions. This spectroscopical finding is corroborated by alkylation of the anions to give almost quantitatively the C-alkylated products.
Construction Management Research: A Comparison of Perceived Value by General Contractors, Prevalence of Publication, and Funding

ABSTRACTThis study identifies areas of research where future investigation can make the highest impact and contribute to the expansion of knowledge in the field of construction management. A disconnect between academia and the construction management [CM] industry often results in research that lacks value for the industry. The purpose of this research is to explore that disconnect and to identify research topics to guide CM faculty and graduate students towards research that is of the greatest value to the industry. A comprehensive review and a funding analysis of published research were conducted and the resulting data used to develop an in-depth questionnaire to guide interviews with members of the Texas A&M University Construction Industry Advisory Council (CIAC). Interviews were conducted as focus groups with CIAC members in Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Austin, and surrounding areas. Topic rankings and specific themes emerged from the interviews. The results of the interviews were then compared to C...
Detoxication of Borneo1 by Glucuronic Acid in Humans

Summary(1) The ingestion of 2 g of borneol by 8 normal subjects resulted in the excretion, within 24 hours, of an average of 94% in the form of its glucuronide, the range being from 79 to 104%. (2) The ingestion of 1 g of borneol by 26 normal subjects resulted in the excretion, within 24 hours, of an average of 81%, the range being from 60 to 100%. (3) Fifty percent of the subjects, on ingesting 1 g of borneol, gave a maximum excretion in 3 to 6 hours, while 35% gave it in 6 to 9 hours. (4) The detoxication of 1 g of borneol by the 26 subjects was almost complete in 15 hours, the average value at that time being about 96% of that obtained in 24 hours.
The Kinematic Rotating Hinge: Biomechanics and Clinical Application

The Kinematic rotating hinge offers a solution as a salvage procedure for severely deformed and unstable "end-stage" knees. Excellent short-term results in terms of pain relief can be achieved, and motion up to 130 degrees is possible, depending on the condition of the quadriceps mechanism and the extent of scarring from previous operations. Care must be taken to avoid cortical penetration, especially in cases of hinge revisions, osteoporosis, thin-walled bones, and the presence of old cement. As with any total knee arthroplasty, care must be taken to achieve optimal rotatory alignment of the tibia beneath the femur to guarantee good patellar tracking.
Producer T cells: Using genetically engineered T cells as vehicles to generate and deliver therapeutics to tumors

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is an emerging anticancer therapy that has shown promise in various malignancies. Redirecting antigen specificity by genetically engineering T cells to stably express receptors has become an effective variant of ACT. A novel extension of this approach is to utilize engineered T cells to produce and deliver anticancer therapeutics that enhance cytotoxic T cell function and simultaneously inhibit immunosuppressive processes. Here, we review the potential of using T cells as therapeutic-secreting vehicles for immunotherapies and present theoretical and established arguments in support of further development of this unique cell-based immunotherapy.
The experimental study and application of PPG pile in transmission line

Recommended as a new type of pile foundation by building specification published in 2008,pile post grounding(PPG) pile has characteristics of high reliability,large bearing capacity increase and economic efficiency.However,it is not used widely in transmission line building due to lack of related parameters.The PPG pile field pulling and horizontal bearing test were described in detail in order to get calculation formula and parameters.Experimental data show that PPG pile can improve bearing capacity by 30%～50% and reduce construction cost by 15%～35% compared with common pile under condition mainly dominated by uplift force.Parameters under various conditions,including bearing pressure,uplift and horizontal affect,are recommended to facilitate later project application.
Basic principles for nonclinical safety evaluation of the novel drug

The novel drug includes the new chemicals or biotechnology-derived pharmaceuticals with the new clinical values.They have been driven by improving the currently available medical treatment and meeting the unmet clinical need.Nonclinical safety evaluation is one of the primary factors of controlling the safety risk to subjects in clinical trails by integrated with clinical trail protocols.The main goal is to protect the patient benefits and to meet the clinical needs in comply with ethical principle.The value of nonclinical safety is to support the conduct of related clinical trail.For the strategy of nonclinical safety study(content and timing),study design and result analysis for each drug,researchers should consider nature of indications,clinical needs,the stage of clinical development and study protocols,characteristics of pharmaceuticals and requirement of regulation and guidance,real condition and clinical practice in China.Thus,it should be sure that the objective for nonclinical is met,and safety risk to the subject is reasonably controlled.As a technical reviewer,the ethical principle for protecting subject benefits in clinical studies and patients in clinical practice is the priority of standards to conduct nonclinical evaluation of novel drugs,by using the science and regulatory requirements as supporting standards.
Skeletal manifestations of renal disease in childhood.

Purpose of reviewThis review summarizes recent findings on musculoskeletal health in three chronic renal conditions of childhood: chronic kidney disease stages 2–5D, nephrotic syndrome, and urolithiasis. Findings with important clinical implications warranting further investigation are highlighted.R
Tracing the Source of Native Copper Mineral Specimens with Copper Isotope Values

A common problem in many collections is one of mislabeled or unlabeled specimens. The practice of correcting errors and restoring lost species and locality and historical data is known as the reass...
The effect of nitrogen sources and iron levels on the growth and composition of Sitka spruce and Scots pine

Nitrate-N was an inferior source of N for both Sitka spruce and Scots pine, resulting in lower dry weights and moderate chlorosis of newly developing needles. The NO3-N source resulted in a greater cation concentration in the tissues and a greater organic anion content as measured by the difference in inorganic cations and inorganic anions. Chlorosis was partially alleviated when additional Fe was supplied as FeEDDHA and there was a slight decrease in organic anions (C-A). It is suggested that the chlorosis might be explained by the competitive chelation hypothesis which states that the activity of the Fe is reduced by metals or various ligands, in this case by the excess organic anions produced by NO3-N nutrition.
Long Series in Mechanics: Janzen–Rayleigh Expansion for a Circle

We reconsider the transonic controversy – whether a given airfoil can exhibit a continuous range of shock-free supersonic flow. We employ the circle as our ‘airfoil’, and examine the Janzen–Rayleigh expansion in even powers of the free-stream Mach number, which we previously carried to 29 terms. In addition to expressing doubt about our previous conclusions, we introduce a promising modification of the graphical ratio test of Domb and Sykes.
Brava Gente and the Counter (Re)public of Italy: Constructing the Foibe as a National Symbol

This article analyses the symbolic function of the foibe in Italian popular culture. The foibe are the deep caves found in the Istrian peninsula and in the vicinity of Trieste and the Julian March, areas that were alternately ruled by Yugoslavia and Italy throughout the twentieth century and that now comprise parts of Italy, Slovenia and Croatia. The foibe caves are now widely known as the sites of systematic killings of Italians by Yugoslavian Communist troops during World War Two. The article argues that the word foibe and all the accompanying connotations constructed in popular literature, film and digital sites function as a national symbol in Italy. It confronts the phenomenon of the symbolic weight garnered by foibe rhetoric in recent years and shows how specific visual and narrative iterations of the foibe, contextualized in cultural, national and international circumstances, have facilitated their conceptual transformation from a historical and political issue to an epideictic term that operates a...
Sensitivity of numerical parameters on DEM predictions of sediment transport

The current work presents a sensitivity study of selected numerical parameters on the large-eddy simulation–discrete element method predictions of sediment transport in a unidirectional open turbul...
EnGendering the State: Women's Work and Peru's 2012 Agrarian Census

This paper analyzes rural women's work in the 2012 agrarian census in Ayacucho, Peru to demonstrate the effects of gendered labor on political subjectivities and processes of statecraft. Census work is an example of the temporary, low-income jobs increasingly the mainstay of poor and landless women in semirural areas. Alongside short-term jobs for NGOs or municipalities, however, such work provided its employees—in this case, low-income, mestiza women—with channels for limited influence over local politics and development. At the same time, census work highlighted gendered attitudes toward the state and tensions over shifting patterns of gendered labor and political engagement. As both formal and illicit economies expand in Ayacucho, along with government interest in controlling the region, an analysis of the intersection of gendered labor trends and political attitudes provides a unique understanding of sovereignty and alterity that foregrounds local influence. Using the example of the census, I examine how women enacted governmental procedures through the limited, precarious work available to them, demonstrating both that the production of data used in policy is a negotiated process and that gendered relationships with the state reflect and are affected by local divisions of labor.
Characterization of calbindin D28k expressing interneurons in the ventral horn of the mouse spinal cord.

Background Expression of the calcium binding protein, calbindin (CB), is well established as a hallmark of Renshaw cells, a class of interneurons found in spatially restricted areas in the ventral spinal cord that directly modulate motor neuron activity. CB expression, however, is not restricted only to Renshaw cells in the ventral horn, and within this population other interneuron subtypes may be identifiable on the basis of cell position and the potential for coexpression of other calcium binding proteins. Results Here we have quantified the changing CB expression pattern in the ventral spinal cord across postnatal development in the mouse. Fewer neurons express CB as postnatal development progresses, and those neurons frequently coexpress other calcium binding proteins (calretinin and parvalbumin) in subpopulations with distinct spatial distributions. We also found a significant portion of CB-expressing interneurons receive putative synaptic contacts from primary sensory afferents. Conclusions These findings suggest CB labels a heterogeneous group of interneurons in the ventral horn, some of which may process sensory information. Based on cellular position, CB expression may be a shared feature of subsets of interneurons arising from multiple ventral progenitor domains. Developmental Dynamics 247:185-193, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.