cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous conception in the presence of stage IIIC endometrioid ovarian cancer.

Abstract Objective: To describe a rare case of spontaneous conception in a patient with a preexisting metastatic ovarian cancer. Design: Case report. Setting: University hospital. Patient(s): A 39-year-old Asian woman who conceived while undergoing an evaluation for primary infertility and newly detected bilateral adnexal masses. Intervention(s): Staging laparotomy and total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy. Main Outcome Measure(s): Anatomic pathology diagnosis. Result(s): Blighted ovum and stage IIIC endometrioid adenocarcinoma of ovary. Conclusion(s): Metastatic ovarian cancer does not prevent either spontaneous ovulation or spontaneous conception.
Discrepancy in Diagnosis and Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Treatment for the Wrong Reason

In primary care (PC), patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are often undiagnosed. To determine variables associated with treatment, this cross-sectional study assessed 592 adult patients for PTSD. Electronic medical record (EMR) review of the prior 12 months assessed mental health (MH) diagnoses and MH treatments [selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and/or ≥1 visit with MH professional]. Of 133 adults with PTSD, half (49%; 66/133) received an SSRI (18%), a visit with MH professional (14%), or both (17%). Of those treated, 88% (58/66) had an EMR MH diagnosis, the majority (71%; 47/66) depression and (18%; 12/66) PTSD. The odds of receiving MH treatment were increased 8.2 times (95% CI 3.1–21.5) for patients with an EMR MH diagnosis. Nearly 50% of patients with PTSD received MH treatment, yet few had this diagnosis documented. Treatment was likely due to overlap in the management of PTSD and other mental illnesses.
Molecular Dynamics Study of Water Adsorption on TiO2 Nanoparticles

This study uses molecular dynamics simulations performed in a parallel computing environment to investigate the adsorption of water molecules on the surface of anatase and rutile nanoparticles ranging from 2.5 to 4 nm at room temperature and at hydrothermal conditions. Phase enhancement occurs when these nanoparticles are immersed in water and the coverage per unit area of the nanoparticles increases with increase in size. The residence time of water molecules at the nanoparticle surface is 5-6 times longer at room temperature than that under hydrothermal conditions. Examining the oxygen and hydrogen atom distribution from the nanoparticle surfaces, it is found that there are two hydration layers around all the nanoparticles under consideration at all conditions. In the first hydration layer, water molecules have two different simultaneously existing orientational preferences depending on their local environment.
Electronic Conduction In Insulating Crystals Under Very High Field Strength

After a short discussion of electronic conduction in insulators with the main emphasis placed on the electrostatic coupling between electron and lattice, new experimental results are given: Current-voltage characteristics and photoelectric response have been measured in single crystals up to the breakdown point. Ten million volts per centimeter have been reached in mica, and phenomena have been observed acoustically, making a crystalline type of light-counter feasible. The dark-currents and photocurrents observed give information about the mechanism of electric conduction under very high field strength.
Temporal and Cross-Subject Probabilistic Models for fMRI Prediction Tasks

We present a probabilistic model applied to the fMRI video rating prediction task of the Pittsburgh Brain Activity Interpretation Competition (PBAIC) [2]. Our goal is to predict a time series of subjective, semantic ratings of a movie given functional MRI data acquired during viewing by three subjects. Our method uses conditionally trained Gaussian Markov random fields, which model both the relationships between the subjects' fMRI voxel measurements and the ratings, as well as the dependencies of the ratings across time steps and between subjects. We also employed non-traditional methods for feature selection and regularization that exploit the spatial structure of voxel activity in the brain. The model displayed good performance in predicting the scored ratings for the three subjects in test data sets, and a variant of this model was the third place entrant to the 2006 PBAIC.
Hybrid Citizenship: Latina Youth and the Politics of Belonging

Drawing from interview data collected from high school students in Broward County, Florida, this article explores how eight adolescent Latinas understand citizenship and belonging vis-a-vis circulating images and discourses on Latina/o immigration, immigrant, and Latina. The author examines Latina youths’ citizenship identities and belonging using the conceptual frameworks of transnationalism, cultural citizenship, and hyphenated selves. The author demonstrates how first-, second-, and third-generation Latina youths’ citizenship identities and belonging are continuously shaped by dominant discourses and stereotypical images while at the same time are responses that modify, resist, or echo these discourses and images. The insights of the adolescent Latinas point to theoretical and practical implications that could improve citizenship education in the context of globalization and transnational migration.
Principles for Language Tests within the Discourse Domains' Theory of Interlanguage: Research, Test Construction and Interpretation.

This article considers an alternative framework for handling the language testing enterprise and proposes some tentative theoretical hypotheses concerning principles of language testing. It is the writers' view that taking account of the perspective of interlanguage domain engagement and contextualization in testing research, production and interpretation allows for a richer conceptualization of the language testing process.
Zearalenones: Characterization of the Estrogenic Potencies and Receptor Interactions of a Series of Fungal β-Resorcylic Acid Lactones*

This study investigates the direct estrogen receptor interactions and the character of the biological activities of three estrogenic resorcylic acid lactones in the immature rat uterus. These compounds are fungal metabolites (P-1492; zearalenone) or derivatives thereof (P-1496 and P-1560; epimeric zearalanols) that have been associated with estrogenizing syndromes in cattle fed mold-infected grain. The compounds compete with estradiol for binding to the cytoplasmic receptor (P- 1496, 13.6%; P-1492, 1.8%; P-1560, 0.8% that of estradiol), and they translocate estrogen receptor sites to the nucleus, with P- 1496 showing the most prolonged nuclear receptor interaction. The three compounds induce the synthesis of the uterine induced protein (P-1496 > P-1560 > P-1492) and increase uterine weight. Direct binding studies with the most potent compound P-1496, in tritium-labeled form indicates a Kd of 1.8 nM (compared to 0.12 nM for estradiol) for interaction with uterine cytoplasmic receptor. Cytoplasmic receptor ...
Securing Ad Hoc Networks with "Asymmetric" Probabilistic Key Predistribution Schemes

We present two "asymmetric" probabilistic key predistribution schemes to cater for mutual authentication and broadcast authentication respectively. The schemes however employ only symmetric cryptographic primitives - the asymmetry is due to the use of different secrets for encryption/authentication and decryption/verification, which are however related through a one-way function. Both schemes try to take advantage of an abundant and inexpensive resource, storage, to improve their security. While both schemes can have a wide range of applications, we limit ourselves to their utility in securing multi-hop ad hoc networks
Financing Food Assistance: Options for the World Food Programme to Save Lives and Dollars

The World Food Programme has world-class logistics, but its ability to manage financial risk is extremely limited. The WFP procures 100 percent of its food through spot markets, which subjects it to substantial commodity and transport price risks and significant delays delivering food. Relying on reactive emergency appeals and on donors that tend to earmark contributions and make commitments one year at a time only adds to operational inflexibility and uncertainty. On the other hand, much of the WFP’s operations are fairly predictable, especially the countries served and the volume of food delivered. The Programme should consider implementing a targeted hedging pilot strategy focused on several chronically food vulnerable countries. Several risk-management instruments are available, such as physical call options, forward contracts, and futures contracts. Key benefits of such hedging strategies would include greater financial predictability, the potential for improved delivery times, and increased local and regional trade that could build on the WFP’s Purchase for Progress initiative. Changes from donors would also help the WFP shore up its operations. Greater commitments of untied cash donations from the United States and other major donors can provide the WFP significant operational flexibility to execute prudent financial management operations. Donor contributions to the proposed Food Security Trust Fund at the World Bank would further support WFP hedging operations. This fund could provide a financial guarantee or modest credit line which would enable the WFP to enter into commodity derivative contracts for up to one year in the future.
Towards robust space-time coding

Summary form only given. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of space-time codes in line of sight and correlated Rayleigh fading channels. We develop the design criteria that govern the performance of space-time codes in these environments. Our analysis demonstrates that full diversity space-time codes are essential to achieving satisfactory performance in line of sight channels. We further show that a simple phase randomization approach achieves significant performance gains in the line of sight case without affecting the performance in Rayleigh fading channels. In the correlated fading environments, we characterize the achievable diversity order based on the number of diversity degrees of freedom in the channel. This characterization supports the recent experimental observations which suggest that the quasi-static model is not a worst case scenario, and establishes the necessary tradeoff between the transmission rate and performance robustness. Finally, we consider the design of space-time codes using some prior knowledge about the channel spatio-temporal correlation function.
Histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid induces apoptosis through both mitochondrial and Fas (Cd95) signaling in head and neck squamous carcinoma cells

Alterations in histone acetylation status have been implicated in carcinogenesis. Histone deacetylase inhibitors, such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), can potentially reactivate aberrantly silenced genes by restoring histone acetylation and allowing gene transcription. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of SAHA on cell growth, differentiation, and death remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the activity of SAHA in modulating cell growth and apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells compared with premalignant leukoplakia and normal oral cells. SAHA induced growth inhibition, cell cycle changes, and apoptosis in HNSCC cell lines but had limited effects on premalignant and normal cells. Although SAHA triggered the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, including cytochrome c release, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in HNSCC cells, specific inhibition of caspase-9 only partially blocked the induction of apoptosis induction. SAHA also activated the extrinsic apoptosis pathway, including increased Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) expression, activation of caspase-8, and cleavage of Bid. Interfering with Fas signaling blocked apoptosis induction and blunted growth inhibition by SAHA. Our results show for the first time that SAHA induces apoptosis in HNSCC cells through activation of the Fas/FasL death pathway in addition to the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway although having comparatively little activity against precancerous and normal oral cells with intrinsic Fas and FasL expression.
The UCSC Genome Browser Database

The University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Genome Browser Database is an up to date source for genome sequence data integrated with a large collection of related annotations. The database is optimized to support fast interactive performance with the web-based UCSC Genome Browser, a tool built on top of the database for rapid visualization and querying of the data at many levels. The annotations for a given genome are displayed in the browser as a series of tracks aligned with the genomic sequence. Sequence data and annotations may also be viewed in a text-based tabular format or downloaded as tab-delimited flat files. The Genome Browser Database, browsing tools and downloadable data files can all be found on the UCSC Genome Bioinformatics website (http://genome.ucsc.edu), which also contains links to documentation and related technical information.
Modeling and Optimizing the Performance of Experiential Events

Although experiential events (e.g., product demos, product sampling) have been shown to have a positive impact on both short-term sales and the overall consumer experience, little is known about the factors that drive their success or how the effect of these events evolves over time. In this paper, we deepen our understanding of the impact of experiential events on product performance using store-level scanner data. We propose a model that captures a variety of salient features of these types of promotions (e.g., short and long-term effects, the discrete nature of the event, spatial dependence). We apply our model to data from an in-store sampling event and find evidence of a significant long-term effect of sampling on product sales. We also find that the success of the event is moderated by the size of the store conducting the event and the type and number of proximal competitors. These results are used to provide guidance to manufacturers and retailers that can help them better design and implement these types of promotions, including the task of optimally selecting the set of stores in which to conduct an event.
Index of Suspicion in the NurseryCase 1: New-Onset Rash in a 5-day-old Term InfantCase 2: Term Newborn Female Infant Who Has Respiratory Distress 1 Hour After Delivery

A 5-day-old girl is brought to the emergency department for evaluation of a new rash. The mother describes multiple small red lesions that started on the chest on the second day after birth and are progressing to become fluid-filled bumps involving the face, trunk, arms, and genitalia. The infant is eating and sleeping well, has adequate stool and urine output and has no fever or irritability. She was born at 38 weeks’ gestation via a spontaneous vaginal delivery to a mother with a previously treated chlamydia infection during early pregnancy. There are no other prenatal or perinatal complications. There is no documented rash in the newborn’s brief nursery records and no family history of any dermatologic conditions. Her initial physical examination reveals a well-appearing, afebrile infant with vital signs and weight within normal limits. A complete physical examination is within normal limits except for her skin examination. There are multiple discrete 1- to 3-mm pinpoint amber vesicles without underlying erythema present over the trunk, face, and genitalia and a 1-cm isolated bulla on her chest. The vesicles are nontender and do not rupture easily when touched. Many of the amber-colored vesicles on the face have eroded, leaving honey-colored crusts surrounding them (Fig 1). Additionally, there are several erythematous 1-cm round plaques on her trunk and upper extremities. Figure 1. Initial presentation of honey-colored small vesicles and superficial erosions with honey-colored crusts. Due to the presence of bullae and honey-colored crusting on many of the lesions, the patient is diagnosed with bullous impetigo and is discharged from the emergency department on a 10-day course of …
Computer-based inpatient medical record in colorectal surgery: pilot study.

PURPOSE: Clinical guidelines and care maps are important tools for improving quality of care and reducing costs. However, problems of quantity, quality, and accessibility of data recorded in the inpatient medical record have not been solved by the implementation of clinical pathways. Variance or “charting by exception” improves legibility, in part. The aim of the present study was to design a computer-based medical record on a database platform to provide legible notes within a clinical guideline and variance charting framework. METHODS: A computerized database program was written, integrating pre-established clinical guidelines into a user-friendly interface according to modification of the charting by exception principles. Patient care guidelines were provided for each postoperative day. After an initial debugging process by entering data from old charts of patients, the software was installed and its function was evaluated on selected patients. The charting time was compared with the standard charting method. Functionality and user friendliness were assessed. RESULTS: After a brief introduction of ten minutes, all users were able to use the software without difficulties. It was found to be functional and user friendly. The charting time was shorter for the computer-based inpatient medical record compared with the charting time of the standard charts. Because all daily notes were printed on standardized forms on a laser printer, legibility was excellent. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study suggest that the idea of computer-based inpatient medical record integrating an on-line inpatient medical record in a database platform is feasible. Further development and integration with other hospital information systems and the other health-care providers is required.
Comparison of two- and three-way rotational crossing, Beef X Beef and Beef X Brown Swiss composite breed production: postweaning growth and carcass traits

Data collected from steer and bull progeny, fed to a constant final feedlot weight over 11 yr, were used to estimate heterosis in post-weaning feedlot growth and carcass traits in two-way and three-way rotational crossing systems and a breed composite from crossing Hereford, Angus and Charolais breeds. Steer and bull progeny from matings of beef x Brown Swiss-cross sires and dams also were compared with the straight beef breeds and beef crosses. Growth traits evaluated were initial weight on test, 112-d weight, total feedlot average daily gain and total days from initial to final weight. Carcass traits included hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib eye area, 12th-rib fat thickness, kidney, pelvic and heart fat, yield grade and marbling score. Heterosis estimates for calves of all crossing systems were significant for initial and 112-d weight and for saving of days in the feedlot, but not for average daily feedlot gain. Heterosis estimates were small and nonsignificant for most carcass traits except for fat traits in specific crosses. Males from Hereford and Angus sires mated to Angus x Hereford dams had higher (P less than .10) backfat than did the parental average. Male progeny from Charolais ranked higher (P less than .10 to P less than .01) than calves from Hereford and Angus sires for most growth traits. Progeny from Charolais sires were more desirable (P less than .10 to P less than .01) for traits related to cutability, but they had less (P less than .05 to P less than .01) marbling than calves of Angus sires.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Groundwater Remediation Using an Enricher Reactor—Permeable Reactive Biobarrier for Periodically Absent Contaminants

A combined enricher reactor (ER)-permeable reactive biobarrier (PRBB) system was developed to treat groundwater with contaminants that appear in batches. An enricher reactor is an offline reactor used to enrich contaminant degraders by supplying necessary growth materials, and the enriched degraders are used to augment PRBB to increase its performance after a period of contaminant absence. Bench-scale experiments on PRBBs with and without bacterial supply from the enricher reactor were conducted to evaluate PRBB removal performances for benzene, which was used as a model contaminant. Benzene absence periods of 10 and 25 days were tested in the presence and absence of ethanol. The PRBBs without the bioaugmentation from the enricher reactor experienced a decrease in performance from approximately 65% to 30% after benzene reappeared. The presence of ethanol accelerated the benzene removal performance recovery of PRBBs. The 25-day benzene absence period caused greater changes in the bacterial community structure, regardless of the ethanol availability.
THE t DISTRIBUTION

The sample estimates of standard deviations are used to obtain the estimates of standard errors. When an estimated standard deviation is used to obtain an estimated standard error of the mean, a distribution other than the normal distribution results is used. This new distribution is called the t distribution and the scores that form this distribution are called t scores instead of z scores. The variability from sample estimates of the standard deviation adds to the sample-to-sample variability otherwise expected when sampling means. This additional source of variability increases the expected variability in a distribution of t scores. The t distribution has greater expected variability than is found in the normal distribution. The greater variability implies that the t distribution is a little flatter in the center and higher at the tails than the normal distribution. The matched-pair t test always involves a test of a set of observed differences against a null hypothesis that assumes that the average of the differences is zero.
Acquired Infectious and Autoimmune Diseases of the Pediatric Central Nervous System

Encephalitis generally refers to inflammation of the brain and is therefore a generic term, devoid of etiological significance. Under this generic denomination, both infectious and inflammatory diseases are gathered. Infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are categorized into congenital and acquired, depending on whether the process occurs before or after birth. The focus of this workshop is on acquired infectious CNS diseases. Furthermore, the CNS may also be involved by immunemediate inflammatory conditions that typically, although not exclusively, occur in the aftermath of infection. These processes mainly comprise acute disseminated encephalo-myelitis (ADEM). Other, rarer, forms of immune-mediate CNS disorders, such as acute necrotizing encephalo-pathy (ANE), limbic and Rasmussen encephalitis (RE), neuromyelitis optica (NO), and vasculitis, are also described. On the other hand, primary demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and its variants, are beyond the scope of this paper.
Cancer preventive services, socioeconomic status, and the Affordable Care Act.

BACKGROUND Out-of-pocket expenditures are thought to be an important barrier to the receipt of cancer preventive services, especially for those of a lower socioeconomic status (SES). The Affordable Care Act (ACA) eliminated out-of-pocket expenditures for recommended services, including mammography and colonoscopy. The objective of this study was to determine changes in the uptake of mammography and colonoscopy among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries before and after ACA implementation. METHODS Using Medicare claims data, this study identified women who were 70 years old or older and had not undergone mammography in the previous 2 years and men and women who were 70 years old or older, were at increased risk for colorectal cancer, and had not undergone colonoscopy in the past 5 years. The receipt of procedures in the 2-year period before the ACA's implementation (2009-2010) and after its implementation (2011 to September 2012) was also identified. Multivariate generalized estimating equation models were used to determine the independent association and county-level quartile of median income and education with the receipt of testing. RESULTS For mammography, a lower SES quartile was associated with less uptake, but the post-ACA disparities were smaller than those in the pre-ACA period. In addition, mammography rates increased from the pre-ACA period to the post-ACA period in all SES quartiles. For colonoscopy, in both the pre- and post-ACA periods, there was an association between uptake and educational level and, to some extent, income. However, there were no appreciable changes in colonoscopy and SES after implementation of the ACA. CONCLUSIONS The removal of out-of-pocket expenditures may overcome a barrier to the receipt of recommended preventive services, but for colonoscopy, other procedural factors may remain as deterrents. Cancer 2017;123:1585–1589. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Phenylethylamine, Phenylacetic Acid and Methionine Enkephalin Levels in Humans Following Profound Acute Stress

The blood concentration of catecholamines reflects the balance between the basal sympathetic neuronal activity and adrenomedullary amine output, as influenced by a number of factors including age, stress (type and level) as well as drug effects and disease states, and the activity of the several enzymatic systems responsible for catecholamines degradation(1, 2). Amine uptake by erythrocytes, platelets and other blood cells and binding to hemoglobin and plasma proteins further regulate the levels of free, circulating catecholamines (3). As could be expected from their similarities in chemical structure, neuroanatomical di stribution, metaboli c pathways of biosynthesis and degradation, physiological role and pharmacological effects, the circulating levels and blood distribution of the parent noncatecholic phenylethylamines, phenylethylamine (PEA), phenylethanolamine, p-octopamine and p-tyramine, share common regulatory mechanisms with the catecholamines(3–5).
The Functional Amyloid Orb2A Binds to Lipid Membranes

Abstract Lipid membranes interact with and influence the aggregation of many amyloid-forming proteins. Orb2 is a cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein homolog in Drosophila melanogaster that forms functional amyloids necessary for long-term memory. One isoform, Orb2A, has a unique N-terminus that has been shown to be important for the formation of amyloid-like aggregates and long-term memory in vivo. Orb2A is also found enriched in the synaptic membrane fraction. Our sequence and hydropathy analysis suggests that it can form an amphipathic helix, which is ideal for lipid membrane interaction. We used circular dichroism and site-directed spin labeling coupled with electron paramagnetic resonance to test the first 88 amino acids of Orb2A for lipid interaction. We show that Orb2A1-88 interacts with anionic lipid membranes using an amphipathic helix at its unique N-terminus. This interaction depends on the charge of the lipid membrane and the degree of membrane curvature. We used transmission electron microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance to show that the presence of anionic small unilamellar vesicles inhibits amyloid fibril formation by Orb2A. This inhibition by anionic membranes could be a potential mechanism regulating Orb2A amyloid formation in vivo.
Manganese-calcium intermixing facilitates heteroepitaxial growth at the 101¯4 calcite-water interface

Abstract In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements were performed to probe surface precipitates that formed on the 10 1 ¯ 4 surface of calcite (CaCO3) single crystals following reaction with Mn2+-bearing aqueous solutions. Three-dimensional epitaxial islands were observed to precipitate and grow on the surfaces. In situ time-sequenced measurements demonstrated that the growth rates were commensurate with those obtained for epitaxial islands formed on calcite crystals reacted with Cd2+-bearing aqueous solutions of the same range in supersaturation with respect to the pure metal carbonate phase. This finding was unexpected as rhodochrosite (MnCO3) and calcite display a 10% lattice mismatch, based on the area of their 10 1 ¯ 4 surface unit cells, whereas the lattice mismatch is only 4% for otavite (CdCO3) and calcite. Coatings of varying thicknesses were therefore synthesized by reacting calcite single crystals in calcite-equilibrated aqueous solutions with up to 250 μM MnCl2. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray reflectivity (XRR), and AFM measurements of the reacted crystals demonstrated the formation of an epitaxial (Mn,Ca)CO3 solid solution. The epitaxial solid solution had a spatially complex composition, whereby the first few nanometers were rich in Ca and the Mn content increased with distance from the original calcite surface, culminating in a topmost region of almost pure MnCO3 for the thickest coatings. The effective lattice mismatch was therefore much smaller than the nominal mismatch thus explaining the measured growth rates. These findings highlight the strong influence played by the substrate on the composition of surface precipitates in aqueous conditions.
Multi-drug resistant gram negative bacteria colonization and infection in burned children: Lessons learned from a 20-year experience

Abstract Objectives Our objective is to highlight the growing problem of multi-drug resistant gram negative bacterial (MDRGNB) species in burn units and demonstrate strategies for successful management. Methods Using a concurrent data collection, a 20-year experience with MDRGNB in a pediatric burn unit was reviewed. Results 220 (6.5%) of 3,359 children admitted for management of acute burns or open wounds had MDRGNB recovered. The children had an average age of 8.8 ± 0.3 years and average burn size of 42.9 ± 22.8 percent. The incidence of MDRGNB increased over the 20 years of the study from 2.5% of admissions in the first decade to 8.6% in the second. 90% (198) were found colonized with MDRGNB on admission on transfer from other facilities. MDRGNB sepsis (blood recovery) occurred in 80 (36.4%), MDRGNB invasive wound infection in 46 (20.9%), MDRGNB pneumonia in 19 (8.6%), and MDRGNB UTI in 46 (20.9%) of the children. There were 14 (6.4%) fatalities, the cause of death being MDRGNB sepsis in all 14 children. However the large majority of the children 206 (93.6%) survived despite their MDRGNB infection. Conclusions MDRGNB may be transferred into burn units during transfers of patients with complex wounds and can be the cause of life threatening infections. The number of children arriving with MDRGNB organisms has steadily increased over time. MDRGNB infected patients can be successfully managed with wound excision and closure supported by topical mafenide acetate and administration of the limited antibiotics to which the organisms are sensitive, particularly Colistin. Strict infection control practices will limit cross infection with these difficult organisms.
Gene Recombination in Plant Breeding

Plants differ in many ways. It may be safely generalized that no two plants are exactly alike, even though we may limit our observations to a single species. For an example, let us look at a field of corn. Upon casual examination we may be impressed with the similarity of the plants within the field. There is a certain constancy of features among the corn plants: the development of the stalk; the size, shape, and arrangement of the leaves on the stalk; the termination of the stalk in a tassel; the formation of ear shoots at nodes midway of the stalk; and many other developmental features. By these and other characteristics we recognize the corn plant and distinguish it from a plant of wheat, soybeans, or cotton. However, if we should compare two plants of corn in minute detail and make careful observations and quantitative measurements of the separate plant parts, we would find that individual plants differ in many respects. This would be the case even though the field was planted to a single-cross hybrid, which would be as nearly uniform genetically as we could obtain within a commercial field of corn. If we were to examine plants from a wide range of varieties of corn, we would expect to find even greater variations. There would be differences in maturity, height, seed coat color, endosperm color, sugar content of the kernel, presence of plant pigments, disease resistance, and many more features. Some of the differences could be observed visually; others would require comparisons of quantitative measurements. A correspondingly wide range of variability may be found within other species of cultivated crops.
Being a “Prepared Seller” and Identifying the “Right Buyer”

Many organizations are wired to buy assets, not sell them, because most fail to develop an effective internal sell-side capability. An effective organization will focus on core businesses in order to maximize its return to shareholders, which means identifying underperforming business units for divestiture. An effective divestiture strategy requires establishing boundaries for unraveling businesses, selecting the optimal buyer after appropriate due diligence, and developing a plan to meet the challenges of a divestiture. Divestitures require significant time and effort; hence, being a prepared seller helps identify risks and issues along with feasible solutions and mitigation steps. Ability to identify the pitfalls beforehand and being prepared to handle challenges are a testimony to the fact that seller has done the required due diligence and thought through the strategy to execute the deal to completion. This readiness of seller becomes a great confidence booster for the buyer company to go forward with the deal, eventually leading to maximization of the deal value.
Normal Laboratory Values and Drug Therapeutic and Toxic Ranges

Albumina 3.5–5.5 g/dL 35–55 g/L Alkaline phosphatasea 30–120 U/L 0.5–2.0 nkat/L Aluminuma 290 mOsm/kg ≤2.2 ng/L with serum osmolality 290 mOsm/kg Anti-DNA antibody (double stranded)a Negative at 1:10 dilution
Cultural Patterns Explain the Worldwide Perception/Performance Paradox in Student Self-Assessments of Math and Science Skill

Having skill does not necessarily mean more self-confidence in that skill, as shown in four panels, from 2003 to 2015 (n ≈ 983,934), of self-assessments by eighth graders in the Trends in Internati...
Integration of In-Situ, Laboratory and Computer Models for Coastal Risk Assessment, Planning and Development

Using data from a coastal site on Oahu, we analyze hazards and risks to support long-term understanding, planning and decision-making regarding infrastructure, hazard mitigation, and adaptation strategies for reducing risks from sea level rise, storms, erosion, and flooding. Integration of different approaches help in validating data sources and provide benefits not available if the tools were used in isolation. After covering the different approaches and methods, the implications for risk assessment and adaptation planning are described.
As if by Magic: An Abrupt Change in Motion Direction Induces Change Blindness:

Magicians claim that an abrupt change in the direction of movement can attract attention, allowing them to hide their method for a trick in plain sight. In three experiments involving 43 total subjects, we tested this claim by examining whether a sudden directional change can induce change blindness. Subjects were asked to detect an instantaneous orientation change of a single item in an array of Gabor patches; this change occurred as the entire array moved across the display. Subjects consistently spotted the change if it occurred while the array moved along a straight path but missed it when it occurred as the array changed direction. This method of inducing change blindness leaves the object in full view during the change; requires no additional distractions, visual occlusion, or global transients; and worked in every subject tested here. This phenomenon joins a body of magic-inspired work that yields insights into perception and attention.
Constraint-Based Systems of Triads and Seventh Chords, and Parsimonious Voice-Leading

This paper presents a generalization of the neo-Riemannian PLR group to the set of triads with inversions (major, minor, diminished and augmented). A second generalization is proposed, using an extended system of seventh chords with inversions. Both the sets of triads and seventh chords are defined with constraints on semitone separation of voices. In the case of triads, the set of parsimonious transformations is shown to have the structure of a semi-direct product of groups of the form \(S_{n} \ltimes \mathbb {Z}_{12}^{n-1}\), where n is the number of chord types in the set.
Thrombolysis Following Heparin Reversal With Protamine Sulfate in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Case Series and Literature Review

Abstract Introduction Administering intravenous IV tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the recommended standard of care in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), although it is not recommended to administer intravenous thrombolysis with tPA following heparin reversal with protamine sulfate in patients with AIS. Methods We describe a case series of three patients and the most comprehensive literature review published to date in this specific subset of AIS patients undergoing thrombolysis following heparin reversal with protamine sulfate. The literature review was based on a scoping review methodology performed on four databases; PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. All sources were searched from the inauguration of the database until February 2019. A total of six articles involving eight patients were identified. Results The primary safety outcome of no symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) was met in all eleven patients, although only seven cases had a good functional outcome at 3 months. Conclusions In appropriately selected AIS patients, coagulopathy correction appears to be safe from an sICH standpoint and may be beneficial. However, given the potential for bias with observational databases, case reports and case series, extreme caution is warranted in applying these results to routine clinical practice.
No Free Lunch under Transaction Costs for Continuous Processes

We present a version of a No Free Lunch and Hedging Theorem for security markets under transaction costs for continuous processes. We show that the (RNFL) condition, which requires that the absence of free lunches is preserved under a smaller bid-ask spread, is equivalent to the existence of a uniformly strictly consistent price system. We also characterize the super-replication price of bounded contingent claims as the supremum of expected values under all uniformly consistent price systems.
The Desire for Social Status and Economic Conservatism among Affluent Americans

Affluent Americans have disproportionate influence over policymaking and often use their power to advance conservative economic policies that increase inequality. I show that this behavior is partially driven by affluent Americans’ desire for social status. First, I use a new survey scale to show that affluent Americans’ desire for social status strongly predicts their level of economic conservatism. Second, I test my theory experimentally in the context of social media. On sites like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, affluent Americans compete for social status by sharing curated versions of their lives that highlight their upper-class lifestyle. When I randomly assign affluent Americans to experience this status competition, it causes them to become more economically conservative. The results help us understand the social and psychological origins of economic conservatism among affluent Americans, and provide the first evidence that social media encourages political behaviors that are conducive to inequality.
To investigate the effectiveness of computer simulation versus laboratory experience, and the sequencing of instruction, in teaching logic circuits

Conceptualization (AC) Learning in this stage involves using logic and ideas, rather than feelings, to understand problems and situations. Reliance is on systematic planning and developing theories and ideas to solve problems. "Thinkers" learn by logical analysis of ideas, systematic planning, and acting on intellectual understanding of a situation. Active Experimentation (AE) In this stage learners actively experiment with influencing situations. They have a practical approach and a concern for what really works. They value getting things done and seeing the results. This kind of learner has an ability to get things done, a willingness to take risks, and can influence people and events through action.
Point-of-care Ultrasound for Long Head of the Biceps Tendon Rupture

Author(s): Wayman, Browning S.; Joseph, Ryan | Abstract: Case Presentation: We present a case of a 59-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with left upper arm pain that started suddenly after lifting some plywood a few days prior. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) was performed, which revealed a rupture of the long head of the biceps tendon.Discussion: Biceps tendon rupture is a relatively rare occurrence; however, rupture of the long head is more common than the short head. Being competent in bedside musculoskeletal POCUS is important for the emergency physician and can help expedite care in cases such as the one presented here.
New Directions in Public Policy, Clinical Education, and Dispute Resolution: Introduction

This is an introduction to volume 51 of the Washington University Journal of Law & Policy entitled New Directions in Public Policy, Clinical Education, and Dispute Resolution. This volume continues a growing tradition of cutting-edge scholarship in the field of dispute resolution published by the Journal of Law & Policy, in collaboration with the Washington University School of Law Negotiation & Dispute Resolution Program. The authors in this volume explore new and exciting developments in the realm of public policy, clinical education, and dispute resolution and are at the forefront of innovative teaching, practice, and scholarship in public policy, clinical education, and dispute resolution.
Standard Treatment Modality for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

The standard treatment of ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction has radically changed. Whereas definitive management of UPJ obstruction previously required open surgery, endourologic and laparoscopic advances have increased the therapeutic possibilities. As new minimally invasive techniques have been introduced, the choice of therapy has become more complex and the preoperative evaluation has become more important. Indeed, the most appropriate treatment today must cater to characteristics of the individual patient. Open surgical procedures remain the gold standard of care; the other treatment options should strive for equivalent clinical success while improving quality of life and limiting disability. This chapter describes the clinical evaluation, treatment options, therapeutic concerns, and controversies regarding management of UPJ obstruction.
A kinetic approach to crystallization from ionic solution

Abstract A general theoretical framework for crystal growth is presented. Some important features of this framework are (i) unlike previous theories, different adsorption isotherms are considered, including the isotherm obtained from electrical double-layer theory; (ii) several surface reaction mechanisms can be compared with experimental results; (ii) new equations that not only fit experimental results but also provide a logical explanation for crystallization phenomena are formulated; and (iv) a dimensionless ratio which characterizes the transition from surface-reaction-controlled growth to diffusion-controlled growth is presented.
A phase I trial combining decitabine/dendritic cell vaccine targeting MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 for children with relapsed or therapy-refractory neuroblastoma and sarcoma

Antigen-specific immunotherapy was studied in a multi-institutional phase 1/2 study by combining decitabine (DAC) followed by an autologous dendritic cell (DC)/MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine in children with relapsed/refractory solid tumors. Patients aged 2.5-15 years with relapsed neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were eligible to receive DAC followed by DC pulsed with overlapping peptides derived from full-length MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1. The primary endpoints were to assess the feasibility and tolerability of this regimen. Each of four cycles consisted of week 1: DAC 10 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days and weeks 2 and 3: DC vaccine once weekly. Fifteen patients were enrolled in the study, of which 10 were evaluable. Generation of DC was highly feasible for all enrolled patients. The treatment regimen was generally well tolerated, with the major toxicity being DAC-related myelosuppression in 5/10 patients. Six of nine patients developed a response to MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or NY-ESO-1 peptides post-vaccine. Due to limitations in number of cells available for analysis, controls infected with a virus encoding relevant genes have not been performed. Objective responses were documented in 1/10 patients who had a complete response. Of the two patients who had no evidence of disease at the time of treatment, one remains disease-free 2 years post-therapy, while the other experienced a relapse 10 months post-therapy. The chemoimmunotherapy approach using DAC/DC-CT vaccine is feasible, well tolerated and results in antitumor activity in some patients. Future trials to maximize the likelihood of T cell responses post-vaccine are warranted.
Benchmarks for designing two-stage studies using modified mini-mental state examinations: experience from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study

Background Themostefficient approach forstudies examining theincidence of dementia involves abrief screening instrument toidentify participants formore extensive testing toidentify cognitive impairment. Themodified mini-mental state examination (3MS)iscommonly usedasthis initial screen insuchtwo-stage designs, however its properties forthis role require further study. Purpose WeusedatafromtheWomen's Health Initiative MemoryStudy tocontrast design options intwo-stage designs. Methods This trial enrolled 7251participants withnineormoreyears ofeducation whowereaged65-79andfollowed anaverage offour tofive years. Logistic regression wasusedtoexamine thecaseyields atvarying two-stage 3MScutpoints. The efficiency ofusing different examination schedules andrestricting enrollment to higher risk womenwasexamined. Results Probable dementia isassociated withmarkeddecline in3MSscores. Thepercentages ofwomenclassified withprobable dementia ranged from 7.95%(3MS85-88) to50.0%(3MS< 70).Thenumbers [95%confidence interval] ofenrolled womennecessary todetect onecaseofprobable dementia (four-year follow-up) forbaseline 3MSscores of100,95,90and85were estimated as1477[389, 5618], 253[134, 481], 53[34, 85],and14[9,23], respectively. Cornpared toannual testing, administration everytwoyears increased thenum1ber ofrequired enrollees by11%,butdecreased thenumber oftestadministrationis by46%. Limitations Ourfindings areinfluenced bythecharacteristics ofourstudy group, its rates ofretention, andthestudy protocol, andmaynotfully generalize toother settings. The3MScanserve asanefficient basis fortwo-stage study designs and acutpoint of=88isreasonable forpopulations withsimilar characteristics. Studies mayimprove efficiency byusing the3MSduring screening toeliminate women withlowrisk fordementia andbyconducting testing every twoyears. Clinical Trials 2006; 3:99-106. www.SCTjournal.com
Locally Soluble-by-Finite Groups with the Weak Minimal Condition on Non-Nilpotent Subgroups

Abstract The authors investigate the structure of locally soluble-by-finite groups that satisfy the weak minimal condition on non-nilpotent subgroups. They show, among other things, that every such group is minimax or locally nilpotent.