cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Internet In Global Settings: A New Look At International Marketing

The growing use of e-commerce has opened up a new territory of ongoing communication between consumers and manufacturers around the World. Both parties are now able to target each other regardless of their national boundaries. Accordingly, more and more companies are getting into the international arena and hoping that they can get nicer shares of the potential business volume. Many firms are trying to identify and target specific market segments globally by building a network of Internet sites around the World. While creating a network may just be the beginning, it appears to be a rather successful venture. These businesses are finding out that e-commerce may be a very effective way to reach those markets with similar attributes globally. Considering the continuously increasing speed of technology in the information highway, one can only assume that there will be even more markets attainable in the near future. The question is who will be there first to cover these markets, and more importantly, who will be better prepared to cover them properly.
Using Interactive Video to Develop Preservice Teachers' Classroom Awareness.

This study investigates the use of interactive video in teacher education as a way of laying the cognitive groundwork for developing teacher selfreflection. Two interactive video approaches were designed to help early preservice teachers (novices) align what they observed in classroom teaching videos of other preservice teachers with what experienced teacher-educators (experts) observed in the same videos. The first approach of video coding, based on qualitative research methods, required preservice teachers to write their own observations when viewing short video clips before being shown the observations written by experts who had viewed the same clips. The novices then compared their observations to those of the experts before viewing and coding the next video clip. Both experts and novices coded the video clips, which came from a middle-school language arts class and an elementary mathematics class, for instances of classroom management and student questioning. The second approach of guided video viewing involved preservice teachers reading experts' written observations while viewing the same video clips used in video coding but not writing their own observations. On a written classroom observation posttest, the video viewing group performed better than the video coding group and significantly better than a no-video control group.
Response to Michael Gross: Between Reality and Restraint

Michael Gross's The Ethics of Insurgency (Gross 2015), and the accompanying debate here in the Journal of Military Ethics, grapples with an issue that has generally been overlooked by just war theo...
AMHB: (Anti)aromaticity-Modulated Hydrogen Bonding

This in silico survey shows that changes in the (anti)aromatic character of π-conjugated heterocycles can be used to fine-tune their hydrogen (H-)bond strengths. Upon H-bonding dimerization, the π-electrons of these rings can be polarized to reinforce or disrupt their (anti)aromatic π-conjugated circuits (πCCs) and stabilize or destabilize the resulting H-bonded complexes. H-bonding interactions that enhance aromaticity or relieve antiaromaticity are fortified, whereas those that intensify antiaromaticity or disrupt aromaticity are weakened, relative to analogues lacking full π-circuits. Computed dissected nucleus-independent chemical shifts, NICS(1)(zz), reveal a uniform pattern and document changes in the magnetic (anti)aromatic character of the heterocycles considered. Recognition of this (anti)aromaticity-modulated H-bonding (AMHB) phenomenon offers insights into a range of fields from organocatalysis and self-assembly to pharmaceutical chemistry and molecular biology.
Inter-tissue coexpression network analysis reveals DPP4 as an important gene in heart to blood communication

Inter-tissue molecular interactions are critical to the function and behavior of biological systems in multicellular organisms, but systematic studies of interactions between tissues are lacking. Also, existing studies of inter-tissue interactions are based on direct gene expression correlations, which can’t distinguish correlations due to common genetic architectures versus biochemical or molecular signal exchange between tissues. We developed a novel strategy to study inter-tissue interaction by removing effects of genetic regulation of gene expression (genetic decorrelation). We applied our method to the comprehensive atlas of gene expression across nine human tissues in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to generate novel genetically decorrelated inter-tissue networks. From this we derived modules of genes important in inter-tissue interactions that are likely driven by biological signal exchange instead of their common genetic basis. Importantly we highlighted communication between tissues and elucidated gene activities in one tissue inducing gene expression changes in others. We reveal global unidirectional inter-tissue coordination of specific biological pathways such as protein synthesis. Using our data, we highlighted a clinically relevant example whereby heart expression of DPP4 was coordinated with a gene expression signature characteristic for whole blood proliferation, potentially impacting peripheral stem cell mobilization. We also showed that expression of the poorly characterized FOCAD in heart correlated with protein biosynthetic processes in the lung. In summary, this is the first resource of human multi-tissue networks enabling the investigation of molecular inter-tissue interactions. With the networks in hand, we may systematically design combination therapies that simultaneously target multiple tissues or pinpoint potential side effects of a drug in other tissues.
Mapping Monoclonal Antibody Structure by 2D 13C NMR at Natural Abundance

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent an important and rapidly growing class of biotherapeutics. Correct folding of a mAb is critical for drug efficacy, while misfolding can impact safety by eliciting unwanted immune or other off-target responses. Robust methods are therefore needed for the precise measurement of mAb structure for drug quality assessment and comparability. To date, the perception in the field has been that NMR could not be applied practically to mAbs due to the size (∼150 kDa) and complexity of these molecules, as well as the insensitivity of the method. The feasibility of applying NMR methods to stable isotope-labeled, protease-cleaved, mAb domains (Fab and Fc) has been demonstrated from both E. coli and Chinese hamster ovaries (CHO) cell expression platforms; however, isotopic labeling is not typically available when analyzing drug products. Here, we address the issue of feasibility of NMR-based mapping of mAb structure by demonstrating for the first time the application of a 2D 13C NM...
Citrus Tree Snail and Suppression of Citrus Microbiota

Snail fecal content studies were conducted on the citrus tree snail, Drymaeus dormani (Binney). The fecal content consisted primarily of sooty mold and other mycelia, all stages of Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead), including its spermatophore, Dialeurodes citri Ashmead pupae, and other unidentifiable arthropod body parts. Daily activity coincided with environmental conditions of 100% relative humidity. Seasonal activity was quantified from hygrographic records. The distribution of D. dormani was clumped. Population density was related to cultural practices and environmental factors. Control areas on citrus fruit not affected by the citrus tree snail were covered with microbiota. The ambulatory, nongrazed areas covered by Drymaeus were encrusted with pedal secretions. Drymaeus pressed citrus rust mite spermatophores to the fruit surface and ruptured the sperm sacs, Mycelia were covered and encrusted with mucilage. Grazed areas, 1 cm wide, were void of microbiota and covered with a thin mucilage veil.
Generalizations of a Mathematical Olympiad Problem

(1996). Generalizations of a Mathematical Olympiad Problem. The College Mathematics Journal: Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 296-297.
Immune response following surgical trauma.

Patients undergoing major surgery are known to be predisposed to infections. This is in part due to decline in both cellular and antibody-mediated immune responses. In this review phenotypic and functional characteristics of various subsets of lymphocytes in normal subjects are discussed. Both quantitative and qualitative changes in T, B, and third population lymphoid cells following surgical trauma are reviewed. Future areas of research in immune response following surgical trauma are suggested.
Review: cholesterol-lowering treatment with statins reduces all-cause mortality in persons at risk.

Source Citation Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90, 056 participants in 14 randomised trials of ...
Illuminating Fire-Feature Variability in the Grasshopper Region of Arizona

ABSTRACTVariability in prehistoric Pueblo fire features is poorly understood, yet often these features are virtually all that remain on occupation surfaces. This article addresses this problem by analyzing the proveniences and associated artifacts of 78 fire features from Chodistaas and Grasshopper Spring pueblos, located in the Grasshopper region of Arizona. The results indicate that circular clay-lined hearths were for cooking, serving, and numerous other activities; rectangular slab-lined hearths were for cooking with much grinding around them; circular unlined hearths were for warmth and light; and roasting pits were for specialized cooking. The patterning of these fire features suggests that Chodistaas was a year-round village and Grasshopper Spring was a seasonal village. Fire features may also provide information on the functional use of space, social organization, gender, ethnic or family preference, and change over time.
Engaging Learners Through Modules in Quality Improvement and Patient Safety

Abstract Introduction Residents are on the front lines of medical care in academic institutions. Their daily interactions are crucial to the quality of care received by patients in these settings, ...
Reactions of the Zn Proteome with Cd2+ and Other Xenobiotics: Trafficking and Toxicity

Understanding the molecular basis of inorganic chemical toxicity has lagged behind the proliferation of detailed mechanisms that explain the biochemical toxicology of many organic xenobiotics. In this perspective, general barriers to explicating the bioinorganic chemistry of toxic metals are considered, followed by a detailed examination of these issues in relation to the toxicology of Cd2+. The hypothesis is evaluated that Cd2+ damages cells by replacing Zn2+ in key Zn proteins. An emerging methodology to assess the speciation of metals among cell proteins is described. Then, a more general hypothesis is suggested, namely, that the Zn proteome is also the toxicological target of other metals such as Pb2+ as well as NO and reactive oxygen species. The latter may damage cells by altering the structure and function of Zn2+ binding sites that include thiol ligands. In the process, labilized Zn2+ may also perturb cell biochemistry. Lastly, reactions of metal chelating ligands with the Zn proteome, including formation of ligand-Zn protein adducts, provide other potential avenues of biochemical toxicity.
Hybrid position observer for brushless DC motor drives with improved noise immunity

A noise immunity improvement for hybrid position observers for brushless dc motor drives is proposed. A finite state machine is used to detect Hall-effect sensor transitions to determine if these transitions are true transitions or the result of momentary glitches. This filter causes a delay in the detection of the Hall-effect sensors that is compensated in the proposed observer. The proposed observer is compared in simulations with the original hybrid position observer under both non-noisy and noisy conditions for both constant and variable speed operation, and it has good performance even under high noise and variable speed conditions.
Uptake and intracellular fate of multifunctional nanoparticles: a comparison between lipoplexes and polyplexes via quantum dot mediated Förster resonance energy transfer.

Lipoplexes and polyplexes represent the two major nanocarrier systems for nucleic acid delivery. Previous studies examining their uptake and intracellular unpacking rely on organic fluorophores fraught with low signal intensity and photobleaching. In this work quantum dots-mediated Forster resonance energy transfer (QD-FRET) was first used to study and compare the cellular uptake and the intracellular fate of oligodeoxynucelotide (ODN)-based lipoplexes and polyplexes. QD605-Amine and Cy5-labeled ODN (Cy5-GTI2040) were chosen as the FRET pair. By adjusting the lipids/ODN ratio of lipoplexes and the nitrogen/phosphate (N/P) ratio of polyplexes, lipoplexes and polyplexes with comparable physical properties were produced. The biological activities of dual-labeled lipoplexes and polyplexes remained unaltered compared to their unlabeled counterparts as evidenced by their comparable antisense activities against protein R2 in KB cells. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy revealed similar pattern of uptake for these two types of nanoparticles, although polyplexes had a higher dissociation rate than lipoplexes in KB cells. We demonstrate that QD-FRET is a sensitive tool to study the uptake and intracellular unpacking of lipoplexes and polyplexes, which may help optimize their formulations for various theranostics applications.
Sexual Assault on College Hookups: The Role of Alcohol and Acquaintances†

This article takes a new approach to the study of college sexual assault by conducting an analysis of female students’ most recent “hookup.” By isolating a particular hookup event and examining the features of that event, I am able to examine predictors of sexual assault during hookups. My analysis focuses on the implications of alcohol consumption and knowing a male partner before a hookup, while controlling for multiple individual, school, and situational characteristics, using data from the Online College Social Life Survey collected 2005–2011. In my sample, 2.4% of women experienced sexual assault during their most recent hookup. Results show women do not experience an increased risk of physically forced intercourse until they have consumed nine or more drinks. In addition, women were more likely to report sexual assault during a hookup with a man they did not know well. Together, these findings suggest that men are more likely to assault women who are drunk, possibly because the double standard has made them respect such women less, or because they target women who are likely unable to resist or recall what happened. It also appears that the “in-network stranger” may be the individual most dangerous to women in college hookups.
Swallowing problems after stroke were common and associated with continued swallowing problems, chest infection, and aspiration

Source Citation Mann G, Hankey GJ, Cameron D. Swallowing function after stroke. Prognosis and prognostic factors at 6 months. Stroke. 1999 Apr;30:744-8. 99205325
Design of tunable digital delay cells

This work discusses design considerations for implementing widely tunable delay cells with good matching properties, low jitter, and robust communication to adjacent circuits. Previously unreported effects that result in signal-dependent delay are discussed and eliminated. A 1.2 V 65 nm CMOS prototype achieves a tunability range from 5 ns to 10 μs, with a matching standard deviation of 2.3% and a jitter standard deviation of 0.065%.
Mapping the Intricate Reactivity of Nanojars toward Molecules of Varying Acidity and Their Conjugate Bases Leading To Exchange of Pyrazolate Ligands

A comprehensive reactivity study of nanojars toward 18 different acidic compounds with varying pKa, including 12 different carboxylic acids (both aliphatic and aromatic mono- and dicarboxylic acids), p-toluenesulfonic acid, hydrogen sulfate, hydrogen carbonate, carbonic acid, 1-decanethiol, and methanol, as well as four different conjugate bases (formate, acetate, benzoate, 2-bromoethanesulfonate) is carried out with the aid of electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry. Thus, the effect on nanojar substitution and breakdown pattern of a number of variables, such as concentration of reagent (acid or conjugate base), acidity of reagent (pKa), effect of acid vs conjugate base, steric effects, aromaticity, incarcerated anion and size of the nanojar, is evaluated. Of the substitution and breakdown products identified by mass spectrometry, acetate-substituted nanojars (Bu4N)2[CO3⊂{Cu27(μ-OH)27(μ-pz)27–x(μ-CH3COO)x}] (x = 1 and 2), as well as dimeric complexes (Bu4N)2[Cu2(μ-pz)2A2] (A = CO32– and SO42–) have bee...
β-Nickel hydroxide cathode material for nano-suspension redox flow batteries

As part of an effort to build a prototype flow battery system using a nano-suspension containing β-Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles as the cathode material, nanosized β-Ni(OH)2 particles with well-controlled particle size and morphology were synthesized via the one-step precipitation of a NiCl2 precursor. The composition and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns confirmed that β-Ni(OH)2 was successfully synthesized, while SEM results showed that the particle sizes range from 70 to 150 nm. To ensure that Ni(OH)2 could be employed in the nano-suspension flow battery, the electrochemical performance of the synthesized β-Ni(OH)2 was initially tested in pouch cells through charge/discharge cycling. The phase transformations occurring during charge/discharge were investigated using in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy to obtain the shift in the oxidation state of Ni (X-ray adsorption near edge structure, XANES) and the distances between Ni and surrounding atoms in charged and discharged states (extended X-ray absorption fine structure, EXAFS). XANES results indicated that the electrode in the discharged state was a mixture of phases because the edge position did not shift back completely. XAFS results further proved that the discharge capacity was provided by β-NiOOH and the ratio between β-Ni(OH)2 and γ-NiOOH in the electrode in the discharged state was 71:29. Preliminary nano-suspension tests in a lab-scale cell were conducted to understand the behavior of the nanosuspension during charge/discharge cycling and to optimize the operating conditions.
P2Y12 antibody inhibits platelet activity and protects against thrombogenesis

Abstract Given that platelet hyperactivity is known to give rise to thrombotic disorders, new and/or novel antiplatelet therapies are constantly being developed to add to, or to complement the current arsenal of agents. To this end, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is an important platelet activator that acts by binding to the G-protein coupled P2Y 1 and P2Y 12 receptors. Although the contribution of the P2Y 12 receptor to the genesis of thrombosis is well established, the parenteral arsenal of drugs targeting this receptor in clinical use is limited to cangrelor. In this study, we investigated the potential antiplatelet activity of an antibody targeting the ligand-binding domain of the P2Y 12 receptor (abbreviated P2Y 12 Ab). Our in vitro studies revealed that the P2Y 12 Ab could effectively inhibit aggregation induced by ADP, as well as that triggered by the thromboxane receptor agonist U46619. Additionally, using FACS analysis, we observed reduced P-selectin, phosphatidylserine exposure and integrin activation in the presence of P2Y 12 Ab. As for its in vivo effects, the P2Y 12 Ab also demonstrated protection against thrombus formation; albeit this was accompanied with a bleeding diathesis (longer bleeding time). Notably, this inhibitory profile is consistent with that observed with oral anti-P2Y 12 agents. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the P2Y 12 Ab functionally blocks platelet activity in vitro and in vivo , and support the notion that it can be purposed as a parenteral antiplatelet agent, to be used in conjunction with and/or as a complement to current antiplatelet therapies.
Adverse Outcomes in Pediatric Hypertension.

See related article, pp 1142–1147 It has been clear for decades that elevated blood pressure in adults is strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes,1 including myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and congestive heart failure. It has been harder to establish a direct association between elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. This has, in part, led the United States Preventive Services Task Force to report an I statement,2 indicating that there is insufficient evidence for or against blood pressure screening in pediatric patients. Such direct evidence would be valuable to have in hand; however, because these relationships develop longitudinally, this evidence is difficult, if not impossible, to obtain. To evaluate the direct link between childhood risk factors such as hypertension and adult cardiovascular outcomes requires studies with a high level of follow-up that take place over many decades. Despite this lack of direct long-term evidence, there are many important other lines of evidence that contribute to our understanding of how elevated blood pressure may adversely affect the cardiovascular system in the short term for children and adolescents. First, it has been shown that while blood pressure levels are variable over time, in general, blood pressure levels track. This means that individuals who have high blood pressure at one time are more likely to have elevated blood pressure at subsequent …
Bound states and the classical double copy

We extend the perturbative classical double copy to the analysis of bound systems. We first obtain the leading order perturbative gluon radiation field sourced by a system of interacting color charges in arbitrary time dependent orbits, and test its validity by taking relativistic bremsstrahlung and nonrelativistic bound state limits. By generalizing the color to kinematic replacement rules recently used in the context of classical bremsstrahlung, we map the gluon emission amplitude to the radiation fields of dilaton gravity sourced by interacting particles in generic (self-consistent) orbits. As an application, we reproduce the leading post-Newtonian radiation fields and energy flux for point masses in nonrelativistic orbits from the double copy of gauge theory.
Foreign Language Anxiety among Counseling Students Speaking English as a Second Language: A Rationale for Future Research

Research on foreign language anxiety has focused primarily on students in language training programs. The lack of attention to foreign language anxiety among counseling students speaking English as a second language has led to supervision issues among this growing student population in counseling programs. This article identifies areas such as self-efficacy and microskills that are affected by foreign language anxiety and recommends training strategies and the potential value of qualitative research methods to address the situation.
Advanced Practice Registered Nurses on Therapeutic Hypothermia Response Teams.

Background Therapeutic hypothermia can improve neurological recovery after cardiac arrest when implemented quickly. Objective To determine whether outcomes are improved among patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia by adding advanced practice registered nurses to a therapeutic hypothermia response team. Methods A pilot quality improvement project was conducted in a Midwest community teaching hospital using a retrospective chart review of all adult patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia before and after the addition of advanced practice registered nurses to the therapeutic hypothermia response team. Outcomes evaluated included time to target core body temperature, therapeutic hypothermia protocol initiation, discharge status, and hospital length of stay. Results A total of 14 adult patients (preintervention n = 8, postintervention n = 6) comprised the sample. Length of stay decreased in the postintervention group (median 2.5 vs 6 days for the preintervention group; P = .05), but other outcomes did not differ. Conclusions This quality improvement project provides foundational data to evaluate advanced practice registered nurses specific metrics and to compare with future data using a larger longitudinal sample.
Reply to Comments by Tsurutani et al. on “Modeling Extreme ‘Carrington‐Type’ Space Weather Events Using Three‐Dimensional Global MHD Simulations”

In this response, we address the three main comments by Tsurutani et al. (2018, http://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024779) namely, unusually high plasma density, interplanetary magnetic field intensity, and fast storm recovery phase. The authors agree that there is room to improve the modeling by taking into account these comments and other aspects that were not fully explored during our initial work. We are already in the process of undertaking a more comprehensive modeling project.
Cartografías de violencia: centros, provincias y circulación transnacional en El ruido de las cosas al caer, de Juan Gabriel Vásquez

El ruido de las cosas al caer (2011), Juan Gabriel Vasquez’s commercially successful novel, reproduces a discursive cartography that has historically shaped Colombia according to the relationship between its center and peripheries. This cartography goes back to the 19th century liberal discourses about population and territory. Following current tendencies in translation, this novel reproduces the imaginary of Latin America as a region that oscillates between paradise and wilderness, and between beauty and violence, not far removed from the Magical Realism Imperative that Vasquez supposedly leaves behind.
Real-time energy-efficient traffic control via convex optimization

Abstract This article proposes a macroscopic traffic control strategy to reduce fuel consumption of vehicles on highways. By implementing Greenshields fundamental diagram, the solution to Moskowitz equations is expressed as linear functions with respect to vehicle inflow and outflow, which leads to generation of a linear traffic flow model. In addition, we build a quadratic cost function in terms of vehicle volume to estimate fuel consumption rate based on COPERT model. A convex quadratic optimization problem is then formulated to generate energy-efficient traffic control decisions in real-time. Simulation results demonstrate significant reduction of fuel consumption on testing highway sections under peak traffic demands of busy hours.
End-of-life decision making by family caregivers of persons with advanced dementia: A literature review of decision aids:

Objectives:To investigate existing knowledge in the literature about end-of-life decision making by family caregivers of persons with dementia, focusing on decision aids for caregivers of persons w...
Military hospital closure and local retirees.

Purpose: We assessed the demographics of the retiree population in the catchment area of a military hospital scheduled for closure under base realignments and closures (BRAC) round II. The purpose was to define their health care needs and their perceptions on health care after hospitaI closure. Methods: A randomized mail survey was done of 9.5% of the retiree households in the catchment area of Hays Army Hospital at Fort Ord, California. Areas assessed were sociodemographics, activities of daily living, general health status, and perceptions of medical services. Response rate was 75%. Results: This population is predominantly young, married, and in relatively good health. However, they perceive that they are not in good health and future prospects are that they will have higher health needs. Conclusions: This population appears to be poorly informed on their options for health care and how to pay for it outside the military system. The Department of Defense should address these issues at the system level rather than at the local hospital level
Metabolic Changes in Isolated Myocytes Following Hypoxia

Ischemia and hypoxia severely impair cardiac metabolism and contractility. These two aspects of myocardial function are also sensitive to catecholamine support. The inotropic and metabolic effects of beta-adrenergic agonists in the heart are mediated by changes in the concentration of cyclic AMP (1), particularly during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle (1), followed by phosphorylation of specific proteins (2). The effects of longterm oxygen deprivation on myocardial metabolism and function have been the subject of numerous investigations. Such insult may lead to either reversible or irreversible myocardial cell damage. On the other hand, relatively little information concerning the effects of short-term O2 deprivation, as might occur with short-lasting coronary vasospasm, is available. The studies described here were designed to determine the influence of relatively brief periods of O2 deprivation and reoxygenation on isolated adult rat heart cell metabolism (3). Isolated cells were used in these studies, as well as in studies by other investigators (4–7), in order to dissociate the direct effects of O2 deprivation and reoxygenation on metabolism from the indirect effects mediated via alterations in myocardial work (8,9). In addition, the use of isolated myocytes can dissociate effects of oxygen deprivation by itself from the effects which might be seen when oxygen deprivation is compounded by catecholamine release, as occurs in vivo and possibly also in the isolated perfused heart.
Birth Cohort Variations Across Functional Knowledge of HIV Prevention Strategies, Perceived Risk, and HIV-Associated Behaviors Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States.

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in the United States remain heavily impacted by HIV. The purpose of this study was to describe intergenerational differences in functional...
Preserving and Accessing the Howard D. Beach Photography Studio Glass Plate Negative Collection

In 2011, the Buffalo & Erie County Historical Society (now The Buffalo History Museum), acquired a significant but environmentally challenged collection of dry gelatin glass-plate negatives from th...
Diagnosis and clinical delineation of mosaic tetrasomy 5p

Abstract Objective Our objective was to review the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of tetrasomy 5p from the fetal period until adulthood including prenatal diagnostic evaluations. Background Tetrasomy 5p is a rare chromosomal abnormality. Of the 14 reports, most document mosaic tetrasomy 5p resulting from a supernumerary marker chromosome or isochromosome. There is a wide range of phenotypic manifestations with severity related to more proximal breakpoints and the degree of mosaicism. Design We conducted a systematic review using Scopus, PubMed Central® and Ovid MEDLINE® from inception through July 1, 2018 for all articles describing tetrasomy 5p. All articles describing the syndrome of tetrasomy 5p were included. Results Of the 15 included cases, 13 exhibited mosaic tetrasomy and two had complete tetrasomy identified by amniocentesis. The most common features include seizures (8/11 live births, 73%), hypotonia (7/11 live births, 64%), developmental delay (7/9 cases that reached childhood, 78%), abnormal external ears (6/11 live births, 55%), short stature (6/11 live births, 55%), ventriculomegaly (5/11 live births, 45.5%) and congenital heart defect (6/15 cases, 40%). The clinical phenotype ranged in severity from mild with no defining characteristics to severe with seizures, developmental delay, and multiple congenital anomalies, resulting in early death. Of these 15 cases, only 6 were diagnosed prenatally by prenatal genetic testing (40%) with prenatal ultrasound identifying abnormalities in 4/6 (67%). Confined placental mosaicism (CPM) was diagnosed in six additional cases due to discordance between CVS and amniocentesis results. Four of the five live births returned for evaluation and each showed normal development. Conclusions Fourteen out of 15 (93%) cases of tetrasomy 5p were associated with an abnormal phenotype. Once a diagnosis is made prenatally, a detailed anatomy ultrasound and fetal echocardiogram must be performed to further characterize any structural abnormalities of the fetus and potentially estimate the clinical severity. Caution should be exercised when prenatal diagnosis of mosaic tetrasomy 5p is found by chorionic villus sampling. CVS alone is insufficient to diagnose tetrasomy 5p and needs to be confirmed with amniocentesis. Our review seeks to inform clinicians on the current literature regarding tetrasomy 5p so that they may better counsel patients when this syndrome is diagnosed.
Two species previously placed in Euconnus s. str. belong in the endemic Madagascan subgenus Glabriconnus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)

The Madagascan species Euconnus andringitrae Franz, 1986 and E. berentyensis Franz, 1986 are redescribed and transferred from Euconnus s. str. to the subgenus Glabriconnus Jaloszynski, 2016. They share with E. (Glabriconnus) aterrimus Franz, 1986 the evenly convex frons and vertex, and lack of a pair of diffuse longitudinal carinae (present in all remaining species of Glabriconnus), and with E. (Glabriconnus) andranomenaus Jaloszynski, 2016 the presence of two distinct hypomeral grooves (one variously distinct groove in remaining Glabriconnus species). The unique character for Euconnus andringitrae and E. berentyensis is the transverse antebasal groove connecting a pair of lateral pits, which was not previously known in any other Glabriconnus. Consequently, the diagnosis of Glabriconnus is here emended to include a considerable variability in pronotal structures. The distribution of Glabriconnus in Madagascar is summarized.
Classical Conditioning Methods in Psychotherapy

Classical conditioning describes associative learning where stimuli are sometimes paired to produce clinical problems including most anxiety disorders. Extinguishing problematic responses that arise through classical conditioning is the focus of many psychotherapy procedures. This article describes the basic principles of classical conditioning, how understanding these principles helped clarify our understanding of the etiology of clinical problems, and how exposure-based treatments were developed to reduce or eliminate these problems. Recent cognitive explanations regarding the change process in humans are described. Finally, some attempts to add pharmacological adjuncts to improve the efficacy of exposure are reviewed.
3D bioprinting of anisotropic engineered tissue constructs with ultrasonically induced cell patterning

Abstract As 3D bioprinting continues to evolve as a promising alternative to engineer complex human tissues in-vitro, there is a need to augment bioprinting processes to achieve the requisite cellular and extracellular organizational characteristics found in the original tissues. While the cell distribution within bioinks is typically homogeneous, incorporating appropriate cellular patterning within the bioprinted constructs is an essential first step towards the eventual formation of anisotropically organized tissue matrix essential to its biomechanical form and function. This study describes a new bioprinting technique that uses ultrasonic standing bulk acoustic waves (SBAW) to organize cells into controllable anisotropic patterns within viscous bioinks while maintaining high cell viability. First, we develop a 3D computational model to discern the SBAW pressure pattern in response to multiple ultrasonic frequencies (0.71–2 MHz). We then experimentally analyze the patterns and viabilities of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) and human osteosarcoma cells (MG63) in alginate as a function of the SBAW frequency. Computational results indicate the formation of parallel pressure strands with higher pressure amplitudes near the bottom of the deposited layer, which is corroborated by experimental images of cell patterning. The inter-strand spacing is found to be affected by the frequency (p
Cuántas comidas debo comer cada día

Comer de manera saludable no se trata tanto de la cantidad de comidas y meriendas consumidas, sino de los tipos y las cantidades de alimentos totales consumidos en un dia. Tratar de cumplir con las porciones recomendadas de los cinco grupos de alimentos, es decir, frutas, verduras, granos, proteinas y productos lacteos ayudara a promover la buena salud y prevenir enfermedades. This new 2-page publication of the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department is the Spanish translation of FSHN18-10/FS313, How many meals should I eat each day? Written by Zainab Alyousif and Wendy Dahl, and translated by Daniela Rivero Mendoza. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs319
β-Arrestin-Biased Allosteric Modulator of NTSR1 Selectively Attenuates Addictive Behaviors

Summary Small molecule neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) agonists have been pursued for more than 40 years as potential therapeutics for psychiatric disorders, including drug addiction. Clinical development of NTSR1 agonists has, however, been precluded by their severe side effects. NTSR1, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), signals through the canonical activation of G proteins and engages β-arrestins to mediate distinct cellular signaling events. Here, we characterize the allosteric NTSR1 modulator SBI-553. This small molecule not only acts as a β-arrestin-biased agonist but also extends profound β-arrestin bias to the endogenous ligand by selectively antagonizing G protein signaling. SBI-553 shows efficacy in animal models of psychostimulant abuse, including cocaine self-administration, without the side effects characteristic of balanced NTSR1 agonism. These findings indicate that NTSR1 G protein and β-arrestin activation produce discrete and separable physiological effects, thus providing a strategy to develop safer GPCR-targeting therapeutics with more directed pharmacological action.
Nanoscale Stick-Slip Behavior of Na-Montmorillonite Clay

AbstractClay minerals are platelike particles that play a critical role in problems involving swelling, deformation, and failure. Fundamental understanding of these phenomena and the parameters tha...
The impact of stereotactic body radiation therapy on the overall survival of patients diagnosed with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Abstract Background and purpose Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a standard treatment for inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with remarkable local control. However, it is not clear if this local control translates to overall survival (OS). The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of SBRT on the OS of early-stage NSCLC patients and examine if the extent of this impact changes with the era of diagnosis, T stage, age, and comorbidity status. Materials and methods Using the National Cancer Database, we compared the OS of cT1–3 cN0 cM0 NSCLC patients with SBRT or observation. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, race, sex, income, education, place of living, hospital type, insurance status, comorbidity score, histology types, and diagnosis year. Results Among 50,819 patients, 27,027 (53.18%) received SBRT and 23,792 (46.82%) were observed. Multivariable Cox Proportional-Hazards analysis demonstrated SBRT was associated with an improved OS compared to observation (HR:0.56, p Conclusion SBRT was associated with improved OS compared to no treatment in early-stage NSCLC. The magnitude of the impact of SBRT on OS increases in patients with advanced age, higher T stages, higher comorbidity scores and more recent treatment eras.
Serum antioxidant vitamin concentrations and oxidative stress markers associated with symptoms and severity of premenstrual syndrome: a prospective cohort study.

It has been suggested that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) may derive from either elevated oxidative stress or reduced antioxidant vitamin levels in the body; however, these relationships have been minimally studied in a large cohort of healthy women. Our objective was to estimate the association between serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins (A, C, and E) and markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostane) with symptoms and severity of PMS. The BioCycle study was a prospective cohort study following 259 healthy premenopausal women aged 18–44 years for up to 2 menstrual cycles. Frequency/severity of 20 PMS symptoms were assessed via questionnaires 4 times/cycle, and antioxidant vitamins and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured up to 8 times/cycle to correspond with specific cycle phases. Generalized linear models were used to estimate associations between mean antioxidant concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers with PMS symptoms and severity; linear mixed models were used to evaluate associations with symptom severity scores within groups (e.g. depression, cravings, pain). Higher concentrations of serum antioxidant vitamins were largely not associated with prevalence or severity of PMS symptoms. Though a few associations were observed, only associations between mean γ-tocopherol and decreased odds of swelling of the hands/feet survived adjustment for multiple comparisons (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16, 0.65, per ug/dL). However, F2-isoprostanes were associated with prevalence and severity of several symptoms specifically related to depression and cravings (depression score β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02, 0.12, per 10 ug/dL; cravings score β = 0.16, 95% CI 0.10, 0.22, per 10 ug/dL), as well as with classification of PMS severity (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.14, per 10 pg/dL), with these associations surviving adjustment for false discovery rate. F2-isoprostanes, but not antioxidant vitamins, were associated with select PMS symptoms, as well as symptom and severity categories. Specific symptom relationships merit further research.
Material Information Model across Product Lifecycle for Sustainability Assessment

Material Information Model (MIM) is central to evaluating the impact of material properties on sustainability in the product life cycle. It is almost imperative that we need standardized distributed material information models to address the needs from different perspectives in the product life cycle (manufacturing, quality and testing perspectives etc.). This paper is an attempt to understand the complexity of material information model, the requirements for defining a high level material information model and explore the possibility of formalizing “a language” for defining material information model that can capture this information across different life cycle stages. It is possible that MIM may be both structured and unstructured (heterogeneous as well as unstructured which is common in web data). Therefore, it is necessary to go beyond the existing relational database formalisms to build real-time MIM information models. This paper develops conceptual ideas to address the above with recommendations for a distributed cloud-based architecture.
Enzymatic synthesis of - and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and ido-heptulose 7-phosphate

Abstract The enzymatic synthesis of isotopically labeled d -sedoheptulose 7-phosphate from either labeled d -glucose or labeled l -serine is described. [7- 14 C , 7- 3 H ] Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate is prepared with transketolase from xylulose 5-phosphate, as C 2 donor, and d - [5- 14 C , 5- 3 H ] ribose 5-phosphate, which in turn is generated from d - [6- 14 C , 6- 3 H ] glucose with the glycolytic enzymes. [1- 13 C ] Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate is obtained in a one-pot reaction in 69% yield from unlabeled ribose 5-phosphate and l - [3- 13 C ] serine via hydroxypyruvate as the C 2 donor using the enzymes alanine racemase, d -amino acid oxidase, catalase and transketolase. By the latter route labeled [1- 13 C ] ido -heptulose 7-phosphate was also prepared when xylose 5-phosphate was substituted for the ribose 5-phosphate.
TRANSVALUATIONISM ABOUT VAGUENESS: A PROGRESS REPORT

The philosophical account of vagueness I call “transvaluationism” makes three fundamental claims. First, vagueness is logically incoherent in a certain way: it essentially involves mutually unsatisfiable requirements that govern vague language, vague thought-content, and putative vague objects and properties. Second, vagueness in language and thought (i.e., semantic vagueness) is a genuine phenomenon despite possessing this form of incoherence—and is viable, legitimate, and indeed indispensable. Third, vagueness as a feature of objects, properties, or relations (i.e., ontological vagueness) is impossible, because of the mutually unsatisfiable conditions that such putative items would have to meet. In this paper I set forth the core claims of transvaluationism in a way that acknowledges and explicitly addresses a challenging critique by Timothy Williamson of my prior attempts to articulate and defend this approach to vagueness. I sketch my favored approach to truth and ontological commitment, and I explain how it accommodates the impossibility of ontological vagueness. I argue that any approach to the logic and semantics of vagueness that both (i) eschews epistemicism and (ii) thoroughly avoids positing any arbitrary sharp boundaries (either first-order or higher-order) will have to be not an alternative to transvaluationism but an implementation of it. I sketch my reasons for repudiating epistemicism. I briefly describe my current thinking about how to accommodate intentional mental properties with vague content within an ontology that eschews ontological vagueness. And I revisit the idea, which played a key role in my earlier articulations of transvaluationism, that moral conflicts provide an illuminating model for understanding vagueness.
The taxation and pricing of agricultural and industrial goods in developing economies

This chapter presents an analysis of pricing (and taxation) of agricultural and industrial goods in LDCs. We identify and explain the central tradeoffs involved in changing prices, in reforming prices, and in setting optimal prices. Our analysis is based on a general equilibrium model of a dual (agricultural-industrial) economy in which there is a multitude of goods and income groups in each sector. We present a number of results on price reforms and optimal pricing. For instance, we show how Pareto improving price reforms (which do not hurt anyone in the society, and make the society better off) can be conducted for cash crops and production inputs, based on extremely limited information. Our analysis also leads us to argue that there is a case against taxing some cash crops or agricultural inputs, while subsidizing others, no matter what the society's aversion to inequality is. Our framework of analysis is not only consistent with a variety of alternative institutional features of LDCs, but it also shows that these features have a marked influence on what the prices should be. An understanding of these influences is important because there is enormous diversity among LDCs in their institutional structures, and in the set of policy instruments they can use. For the same reason, some of the basic prescriptions of the standard tax theory (which is based on special assumptions reflecting the structure of developed economies) turn out to be misleading in the context of LDCs. We also discuss in this chapter some of the issues of political economy from which the standard tax theory has abstracted but which, we believe, may be central in the analysis of taxation and pricing policies.