cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Clinical Pharmacodynamics of Cardiovascular Agents: Focus on Sudden Cardiac Death

Sudden death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias is common in patients with advanced coronary artery disease. Three strategies might be useful: slowing progression of coronary atherosclerosis (e.g. antihypertensive or lipid-lowering agents); antiarrhythmic therapy; or elimination of transient factors which trigger fatal arrhythmias (e.g. antiplatelet drugs or s-blockers). For each of these classes of compounds, an easily measured response variable, such as heart rate, blood pressure, ECG interval, frequency of ambient arrhythmia, or bleeding time, is available and the links between drug concentrations and response are readily determined. However, the common extrapolation that these responses are necessarily accompanied by a decrease in sudden death is unfounded. In addition, patients who are at risk for sudden death have an underlying cardiac substrate which can fluctuate over seconds to years, resulting in both loss of drug efficacy and increased drug toxicity. Thus evaluation of interventions designed to reduce sudden death must be performed in patients at risk, using death as the study end-point. This approach also permits assessment of compounds whose only therapeutic action might be to reduce sudden death.
Forearc strike-slip displacement as an alternative to subduction erosion, with examples from Mexico and California (sinistral Nacimiento fault)

Slip on the Nacimiento fault of the central Coast Ranges of California has been variably interpreted as dextral, sinistral, or reverse. The currently prevailing interpretation is that the Nacimient...
The Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium combustion modeling of n-butane/oxygen/diluent mixtures

Abstract Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium (RCCE) is a model order reduction method which assumes that the non-equilibrium states of a system can be described by a sequence of constrained-equilibrium states subject to a small number of constraints. It can be used to predict ignition delay time with good accuracy and low computational cost. In this paper RCCE approach has been further developed for applying to the oxidation of n-butane for ignition study and prediction of a constant volume, constant internal energy system over a wide range of initial temperatures, pressures and equivalence ratios. The USC-Mech II (109 species and 781 reactions, without nitrogen chemistry) is chosen as chemical kinetic mechanism for n-butane oxidation for Detailed Kinetic Model (DKM). The constraint selection for n-butane/oxygen mixture starts from the eight universal constraints for carbon-fuel oxidation. Additional species constraints are selected based on researchers’ experience to have the best performance with the minimum number of constraints. The selected 17 constraints have been used to predict ignition delay times for butane combustion. The results of RCCE method are compared with those of detailed kinetic model and experimental data to verify the effectiveness of constraints and the efficiency of RCCE. Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium results show good agreements with DKM results under different initial temperatures, pressures and equivalence ratios. Even better performance than DKM has been achieved by the selected 17 constraints when the results are compared with shock tube experimental data from literature with initial temperatures 1200–1500 K and initial pressures 2–20 atm. It has been applied to predict the ignition delay time of butane/air mixture over a wide range of initial temperatures, initial pressures and equivalence ratios.
Abstract P159: Relationships Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Exercise Performance, and Quality of Life in Older Obese HFpEF Patients

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the most rapidly increasing type of heart failure. Markedly reduced exercise capacity (peak VO2) is the primary manifestation...
Library services for unaffiliated patrons at Association of Public and Land-grant Universities (APLU)

Abstract This study reviewed library websites at Association of Public and Land-grant Universities (APLU) to learn more about the services they provide to unaffiliated patrons and how they share this information. This review demonstrated that websites at land-grant libraries affirmed unaffiliated patrons' building access privileges at slightly higher rates and circulation privileges at lower rates than non-land-grant APLUs. Data also revealed that requirements and fees for library privileges varied across APLU libraries as a whole. This research is a first step in identifying how libraries at land-grants and non-land-grant APLUs compare to one another and to different types of institutions in the services they provide to unaffiliated patrons. It also continues the discussion of whether libraries, especially those at land-grant colleges and universities, have an obligation to open their spaces and collections to unaffiliated patrons.
Labeling images with facial emotion and the potential for pediatric healthcare

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive behaviors, narrow interests, and deficits in social interaction and communication ability. An increasing emphasis is being placed on the development of innovative digital and mobile systems for their potential in therapeutic applications outside of clinical environments. Due to recent advances in the field of computer vision, various emotion classifiers have been developed, which have potential to play a significant role in mobile screening and therapy for developmental delays that impair emotion recognition and expression. However, these classifiers are trained on datasets of predominantly neurotypical adults and can sometimes fail to generalize to children with autism. The need to improve existing classifiers and develop new systems that overcome these limitations necessitates novel methods to crowdsource labeled emotion data from children. In this paper, we present a mobile charades-style game, Guess What?, from which we derive egocentric video with a high density of varied emotion from a 90-second game session. We then present a framework for semi-automatic labeled frame extraction from these videos using meta information from the game session coupled with classification confidence scores. Results show that 94%, 81%, 92%, and 56% of frames were automatically labeled correctly for categories disgust, neutral, surprise, and scared respectively, though performance for angry and happy did not improve significantly from the baseline.
The Fox site (5WL8848): a Clovis occupation on the Kersey Terrace, northern Colorado

The Fox site (5WL8848) is a collection of Clovis artifacts from the Kersey Terrace in northern Colorado. In the early 1970s, land-leveling for the construction of a large turkey farm near the town ...
Experiencing Work: Broadening our Sight Using Humanistic Management Perspectives

This symposium presents ongoing research on how organizational members experience work using humanistic management perspectives. Humanistic management perspectives require a broader vision, grounde...
Incidence, Characteristics and Outcomes of Cardiac Tamponade in Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for the Treatment of Refractory Cardiogenic Shock

Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) for the treatment of refractory cardiogenic shock has gained popularity over the last decade. Cardiac tamponade(CT), a life threatening condition, has been reported to occur in patients after the initiation of ECMO therapy. However, there is a scarcity of data pertaining to the incidence, characteristics and outcomes of pericardial tamponade in non-cardiac surgery patients undergoing ECMO for the treatment of refractory cardiogenic shock. Methodology This is a single center retrospective review of all patients developing CT post ECMO for refractory cardiogenic shock presenting between January 1999-January 2020. Patients were excluded if they were on ECMO post cardiac surgery, aged less than 18 years or had a moderate to large pericardial effusion prior to ECMO initiation. Results Out of 220 patients presenting with cardiogenic shock, 8(3.6%) patients developed CT after being treated with ECMO. Patients were mostly male (7,78%) and 66±12.8 years old. 7(77.5%) patients were on VA ECMO, 1(12.5%) patient on VAV ECMO, all of which were accessed peripherally . 5(62.5%) patients were on additional mechanical support devices: Impella(2,25%), IABP(2,25%) and tandem heart with impella(1,12.5%). 6(75%) patients were supratherapeutic whilst on systemic anticoagulation preceding CT. Initial ECMO pump flow rates were 4±0.68ml/min, mean sheath size of 22±3.1 F. 5(62.5%) patients developed CT 24 hours after ECMO initiation, 3(37.5%) patients before 24 hours. Average size of pericardial effusion was 2.1±0.1cm. None of the patients had any evidence of myocardial/great vessel perforation. 4(50%) patients were treated with pericardiocentesis, 2(25%) patients required pericardial window, and 2(25%) required both. Fluid analysis in 6(87.5%) patients revealed hemorrhagic pericardial fluid, 1(12.5%) with serosanguinous fluid and 1(12.5%) with serous fluid .6(75%) of patients died during hospitalization, but not directly from CT. Conclusion 3.6% of patients on ECMO for refractory cardiogenic shock develop CT, with most cases occurring after 24 hours of therapy initiation. Most patients who develop this are coagulopathic and are on additional mechanical support devices. CT can occur in patients without evidence of cardiac/great vessel perforation. CT should be considered in all patients on ECMO with unexplained reductions in flow rates, and this should immediately be addressed to optimize cardio-pulmonary support. Although treatable, CT in this subset of patients is reflective of an overall grave prognosis.
Unmasking Mutual Fund Derivative Use

Utilizing new SEC data enabling us to compute performance of mutual funds' derivative positions, we study how funds use derivatives and how derivatives contribution to performance. In contrast to prior research concluding derivatives are used for hedging, we find most active equity funds use derivatives to amplify market exposure by buying index derivatives, underperform, yet receive more flows. Hedging funds, the minority, in contrast utilize single stock derivatives. Despite small portfolio weights, derivatives significantly impact funds' leverage and contribute largely to returns and cross-sectional differences in returns. Swaps, ignored by prior studies, are especially important in explaining cross-sectional differences in derivative contributions. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, funds trade more heavily on short derivative positions, a pattern driven by managers for which the risk of recession is likely more salient. Amplifying funds suffer a double whammy. While they shift strategies, they are slow to react and experience similarly large losses to nonusers in the outbreak. By the time they shift, the market has already started to rebound, and they lose on their short positions.
Short Nighttime Sleep Duration and High Number of Nighttime Awakenings Explain Increases in Gestational Weight Gain and Decreases in Physical Activity but Not Energy Intake among Pregnant Women with Overweight/Obesity

Pregnant women are at a high risk for experiencing sleep disturbances, excess energy intake, low physical activity, and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). Scant research has examined how sleep behaviors influence energy intake, physical activity, and GWG over the course of pregnancy. This study conducted secondary analyses from the Healthy Mom Zone Study to examine between- and within-person effects of weekly sleep behaviors on energy intake, physical activity, and GWG in pregnant women with overweight/obesity (PW-OW/OB) participating in an adaptive intervention to manage GWG. The overall sample of N = 24 (M age = 30.6 years, SD = 3.2) had an average nighttime sleep duration of 7.2 h/night. In the total sample, there was a significant between-person effect of nighttime awakenings on physical activity; women with >1 weekly nighttime awakening expended 167.56 less physical activity kcals than women with <1 nighttime awakening. A significant within-person effect was also found for GWG such that for every increase in one weekly nighttime awakening there was a 0.76 pound increase in GWG. There was also a significant within-person effect for study group assignment; study group appeared to moderate the effect of nighttime awakenings on GWG such that for every one increase in weekly nighttime awakening, the control group gained 0.20 pounds more than the intervention group. There were no significant between- or within-person effects of sleep behaviors on energy intake. These findings illustrate an important need to consider the influence of sleep behaviors on prenatal physical activity and GWG in PW-OW/OB. Future studies may consider intervention strategies to reduce prenatal nighttime awakenings.
Incorporation of Telemedicine in Disaster Management: Beyond the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Disasters present a worldwide problem that requires systematic, careful, and methodological preparation, but above all requires response by multiple teams, working in partnership. In other words, disaster management cycle includes mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery. To effectively respond to major disaster crises and engage in the management of disasters, often a multinational coordinated system must be implemented. Telemedicine should be part of this response and management in all phases.
Culturally Responsive Pedagogical/Andragogical Context Knowledge: A Conceptual Model for Music Education:

To better suit the needs of all learners, music teacher educators must develop a mindset of culturally responsive practice in preservice educators. In this interest article, we present a conceptual...
Persons With Debt Burden Are More Likely to Report Suicide Attempt Than Those Without: A National Study of US Adults.

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between debt burden and self-reported suicide attempt among US adults. METHODS Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (2012-2013) were used to estimate the association between self-reported past-year debt burden and past-year and lifetime suicide attempt with logistic regression, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics with known associations with debt burden and suicide attempt. RESULTS Among 36,278 adults aged ≥ 18 years, 13.03% reported past-year debt burden, 0.37% reported past-year suicide attempt, and 5.16% reported lifetime suicide attempt. Self-reported attempt was more likely for persons reporting debt burden than for those without (eg, for past-year suicide attempt: odds ratio [OR] = 7.96 [95% CI, 5.45-11.64; P < .001] when unadjusted; OR = 3.39 [95% CI, 2.15-5.34; P < .001] when adjusted for sociodemographic variables and mood disorders). The adjusted prevalence of past-year suicide attempt for those with and without debt burden was 0.75% (95% CI, 0.50%-1.00%) and 0.23% (95% CI, 0.17%-0.29%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Debt burden is strongly associated with increased likelihood of suicide attempt. The strength of the identified association is comparable to or greater than that for other major predictors of suicide (eg, sex) and other mortality risk factors (eg, smoking, obesity). Findings highlight debt burden as a strong social determinant of suicide risk and intervention target.
Who Buys Portion-Controlled Sizes of Full Calorie Soda? Evidence from Scanner Data

I investigate what characteristics of households, if any, that predict purchase of portion-controlled sizes of full calorie carbonated beverages (i.e., soda sold in less than 12 oz containers) and whether this behavior is associated with other healthy dietary habits. I find that household demographics including income, education, and presence of children or elderly are not associated with the purchasing behavior of full calorie carbonated beverages that are less than 12 oz. However, this behavior is negatively associated with the share of carbonated beverages that are diet and positively associated with the share of food expenditure dedicated to fresh produce, which are proxies used to capture healthy dietary habits. Overall, the findings suggest that there is an association between purchases of less than 12 oz of regular carbonated beverages (i.e., the portion-controlled sizes) and portion control behavior.
Enhancing Equity for English Learners Through the Seal of Biliteracy: Policy/Practice Pitfalls and Possibilities

The multilingual turn in TESOL (May in The multilingual turn: implications for SLA, TESOL, and bilingual education. Routledge, New York, 2014) is overdue with the field still viewing languages as separate entities that exist in individuals (Deroo et al. in Envisioning TESOL through a translanguaging lens. Springer, New York, pp. 111–134, 2020). By contrast, bilingual education, which has embraced the notion of translanguaging (Flores and Aneja in Res Teach Engl 51:441–463, 2017; Henderson and Palmer in Dual language bilingual education: teacher cases and perspectives on large-scale implementation. Multilingual Matters, Bristol, 2020), and critical sociolinguistics (e.g., Canagarajah in Reclaiming the local in language policy and practice. Routledge, New York, 2005; De Costa in J Multiling Multicult Dev 40(5):453–460, 2019) have long called for a recognition of suppressed local and indigenous languages and the need to help minoritized language users reclaim their home languages. The education system in the United States has been complicit (De Costa and Qin in English language education in a global world: practices, issues and challenges. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, 2016) in not providing adequate space for local and indigenous languages to develop in schools. Following a brief trace of how such inequalities characterized U.S. language education, we review recent English language redesign attempts to prepare linguistically responsive teachers (Lucas and Villegas in Theory Pract 52:98–109, 2013) to serve emerging bilinguals, focusing on the most recent bottom-up language policy initiative—the Seal of Biliteracy (SoBL). Although SoBL acknowledges multilingualism as a resource on a wide scale by providing opportunities to develop the home languages of emergent bilinguals, we discuss the challenges associated with the implementation of this initiative in the U.S. Following a critical evaluation of SOBL, we provide exemplars for TESOL practitioner-policymakers and join a growing body of educational linguists who view TESOL and multilingualism as collaborative endeavors in order to make this initiative a sustainable endeavor for TESOL professionals (Dorner and Cervantes-Soon in TESOL Q 54:535–547, 2020).
The potential role of DEK over-expression in the radiation response of head and neck cancer

Abstract Objective To determine if DEK over-expression is associated with radiation resistance in HPV positive head and neck cancer cells. Methods Control and DEK over-expressing keratinocytes and an HPV positive head and neck cancer cell line respectively were irradiated with 2–10 ​Gy and the impact on cell survival, γ-H2AX (a marker of DNA damage) and RAD51 (homologous recombination) were analyzed via clonogenic assays, and immunofluorescence measurements respectively. Results Upon exposure to increasing doses of radiation, DEK over-expression in keratinocytes at 2, 4 (P ​ Conclusion These results suggest DEK over-expression contributes to radio-resistance in HPV positive head and neck cancer cells, potentially by improving repair of DNA double strand breaks through homologous recombination. The molecular mechanisms and relevance to in vivo responses needs further investigation.
“Because I'm Blasian”: Tiger Woods, Scandal, and Protecting the Blasian Brand

This article deconstructs the rhetoric around Tiger Woods after his extramarital affairs became public. Woods had been able to use his mixed-race identity to market himself broadly though the scandal effectively removed any postracial claims afforded by his multiraciality. His self-identification as mixed-race Black and Asian to a mistress brought Blasians under scrutiny, resulting in moves to protect his commodifiability. Woods offers an interesting case study of the way Blasians, and by extension non-White racially mixed people, are discussed in media. This article splits the coverage of Woods into 3 categories of racialization—pathological, comical, and recuperative. The multiple ways in which Blackness and Asianness were deployed offer an extended glimpse into the way Blasians trouble U.S. constructions of race.
Humor y autodestrucción: la construcción de la indefinición identitaria en la narrativa breve de de Ena Lucía Portela

Con el establecimiento del “Periodo especial en tiempos de paz” se produce una paulatina apertura tematica enfocada en la desidealizacion de la realidad sociopolitica, lograndose el replanteamiento de las distintas caracterizaciones de los personajes femeninos. Como se observa en los relatos de Portela, la conformacion de las protagonistas y de su discurso reunen componentes tematicos y estilisticos en torno a nuevas representaciones femeninas, logrando con ello respuestas y modos de convivencia que cuestionan la relacion femenina respecto al concepto de nacion, lo cual nos permitiria revelar las distintas maneras de leer el mundo de una generacion actual.
Genetic Control of Body Segment Differentiation in Drosophila

Drosophila, like many other higher organisms, begins development as a tandem array of more or less identical body segments. During later development, these gradually diverge in morphology until the extensive differentiation of body segments seen in the adult is achieved. The genetic control of this divergence is, by now, moderately well understood. The differentiation of the third thoracic and of all abdominal segments appears to be under the control of a cluster of genes known as the bithorax complex (BX-C) [Lewis, 1978]. As reviewed below, the genes of this complex appear to be differentially regulated along the body axis so that each body segment is characterized by a unique subset of active BX-C genes. The activities of these genes are thought to directly determine segmental identity. Recently, it has been proposed that more anteriorly located segments, including those in the head as well as the first and second thoracic segments, are under the control of another gene cluster that has been named the Antennapedia complex (ANT-C) by Kaufman et al [1980]. These authors suggest that the ANT-C genes may function in a manner analogous to that of the BX-C genes.
Nuclear Multifragmentation and the Equation of State

This lecture reviews the essential elements in the theoretical description of nuclear multifragment systems within the framework of statistical mechanics and summarizes recent progress on formulating a transition-state treatment of nuclear multifragmentation.
Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Japan. II. Tanaidomorpha from the East China Sea, the West Pacific Ocean and the Nansei Islands

The Japanese shallow water fauna of tanaidomorphan Tanaidacea are examined. Seven new species Tumidochelia knighti, Mesotanais birdi, Leptognathia bamberi, Typhlotanais magdalensis, Typhlotanais ohtsukae, Tanaella kommritzia and Chauliopleona hansknechti are described. Chauliopleona dentata Dojiri & Sieg, 1997, from the type locality (California) is re-described. Leptognathia dentifera and L. unicinata are transferred to Tumidochelia. The genus Leptognathia is redefined and a number of species removed from the genus. The new leptognathid genera Biarticulata and Forcipatia are erected. A key to the Tumidochelia, Mesotanais, Leptognathia sensus stricto, and Forcipatia is given.
Transient stress characterization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs due to electrical and thermal effects

Abstract In this paper, we present finite element simulation results of the transient stress response of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). The modeling technique involves a small-scale electro-thermal model coupled to a large-scale mechanics model to determine the resulting stress distribution within a device operated under radio frequency (RF) conditions. The electrical characteristics of the modeled device were compared to experimental measurements and existing simulation data from literature for validation. The results show critical regions around the gate Schottky contact undergo drastically different transient stresses during pulsed operation. Specifically, stress profiles within the AlGaN layer around the gate foot print (GFP) undergo highly tensile electro-thermal stresses while stresses within the AlGaN outside the gate connected field plate (GCFP) towards the drain contact undergo highly tensile electrical stress and compressive thermoelastic stress. It is shown AlGaN/GaN HEMTs undergo large amounts of cyclic loading during typical transient operation. Based on these findings, transient failure mechanisms may differ from those previously studied under DC operation due to large amount of cyclic loading of a device around the gate structure.
Perceived Barriers to Treatment for Alcohol Problems: A Latent Class Analysis

Objective:Low rates of alcohol treatment seeking have been shown to be associated with perceived barriers to treatment, but heterogeneity in patterns of perceived barriers has not been explored. The study analyzed data from a population-based sample of adults with alcohol abuse and dependence in order to describe latent classes of individuals who reported one or more of 15 perceived barriers to seeking alcohol treatment and to identify characteristics associated with class membership.Methods:Data were from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (2001–2002). Analyses were restricted to treatment-naive adults with alcohol abuse or dependence who reported a perceived treatment need (N=1,053). Latent class analysis was performed to identify subgroups with respect to barriers to treatment. Latent class regression identified variables associated with each subgroup.Results:Two subgroups emerged: the low-barriers class (87%), characterized primarily by attitudinal barriers, and the hi...
Modeling belief and action in a multi-agent system

Saso, a rule-based shell for multiagent problems involving actions, beliefs and communication, is described. Saso is a Prolog-based forward-chaining system. Conventions for clear representations of actions, beliefs and goals are discussed. Saso has been applied in research aimed at developing robust, naturalistic coordination of autonomous agents. In particular, the control acts of simple conversations have been simulated. The system has also been applied to cooperative problem solving in a blocks world. >
QTAIM analysis of ligand properties and mechanisms of tuning of 6-membered ring N-heterocyclic carbenes in transition metal complexes through ring-substituent variation.

Tuning of the ligand properties of a series of N-heterocyclic carbenes has previously been achieved through the variation of substituents at the ring boron sites. Analysis of the topology of the el...
Who Can Buy Happiness?: Personality Traits Moderate the Effects of Stable Income Differences and Income Fluctuations on Life Satisfaction

The present research tested whether the Big Five personality dimensions—extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience—moderate the effects of income on life satisfaction. The authors analyzed data from three large-sample, nationally representative, longitudinal studies: the British Household Panel Survey, the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, and the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. Neuroticism consistently moderated the effects of both stable between-person income differences and within-person income fluctuations on life satisfaction. Specifically, income predicted satisfaction more strongly for highly neurotic individuals than for their emotionally stable peers. These findings illustrate that the effects of life circumstances on subjective well-being can vary considerably across individuals, depending on their basic personality traits.
1437 A research priorities survey of the dutch oncology nursing society

Oncology nurses are more and more aware of the need for nursing research. Research areas in oncology nursing are very diverse and may differ between practice setting or patient population. To provide direction for needed research, the Special Interest Group Nursing Research of the DONS surveyed members of the society about research priorities. The questionnaire, adapted from the research priority survey of the American ONS 1991, was sent to all 1400 members in June 1995. The nurses were asked about the importance of nursing research in several areas: physical symptom management, psychosocial aspects of care, care delivery issues, special populations, continuum of care, health promotion behaviors and treatment decision making. They were asked to rate the items on a five-point scale and to rank the top 10 priorities for research. By means of open questions the members were asked to identify additional areas for research which were not mentioned in the list and to put in their own words what the most important research question in oncology nursing is to their opinion. The results of this survey will be presented. The findings provide direction for the focus of oncology nursing research and identify areas that require research funding based on ideas of nurses in the different settings of oncology nursing practice.
What the peritrichs have taught us.

SYNOPSIS. The peritrichs have taught naturalists, biologists, zoologists, and other kinds of scientists many of their secrets. Consequently, we know many details regarding their gross structure, ultrastructure, ecology, and life history. Their sexual phenomena are rather clearly understood. While general agreement has been attained as regards the forementioned topics, the taxonomic position of peritrichs is still vigorously debated. In this address representative examples of advances in our knowledge of peritrichs will be reviewed … representative instead of all-inclusive examples. A plea for the restoration of peritrichs to a taxonomic position above spirotrichs will be made. The Society's members will be assured that all protozoologists will have the opportunity to help design a completely International Commission on Protozoology in the International Union of Biological Sciences and they will be assured that such a Commission can and should be planned at the 1969 International Conference in Leningrad.
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)trihydridoruthenium(II) cation,(Pø3)4RuH+3, its formation, spectroscopic characterization and chemical reactivity

Abstract Treatment of (o 3 P) 4 RuH 2 with 1,4-Cl 2 Si 4 o 8 , under specific reaction conditions, affords [(o 3 P) 3 RuHCl] 2 , H 2 and 1,8-Cl 2 Si 8 o 16 , whereas slightly different conditions (varying the amount of NEt 3 present in the system) affords a solution which is stable towards H 2 evolution. 31 P and 1 H NMR data have been obtained on the latter solution and are interpreted to indicate the presence of (o 3 P) 4 RuH + 3 and [(o 3 P) 3 RuHCl] 2 . A possible reaction sequence is discussed which is consistent with the necessity for the presence of Net 3 in the reaction system, and also explains the formation and subsequent decomposition of several reaction intermediates.
Microtubule-Associated Protein Interactions with Actin Filaments: Evidence for Differential Behavior of Neuronal MAP-2 and Tau in the Presence of Phosphatidylinositol

Abstract Microtubule-associated protein (MAP) interactions with actin were investigated by falling-ball viscometry. At 1-2 μM MAP-2 or tau, we obtained a critical gelation concentration for actin of 0.1 mg/ml. In the presence of phosphatidyl inositol, actin filament bundling was completely disrupted only when MAP-2 served as the cross-linker, whereas tau-induced bundling of actin was unaffected by phosphatidyl-inositol. This represents the first clear indication that MAP-2 and tau exhibit differential behavior in their interaction with cytoskeletal components.
Evidence for central site of action to explain the negative chronotropic effect atropine: Studies on the human transplanted heart

The chronotropic response to atropine is biphasic; low doses cause slowing of the sinus rate and high doses cause acceleration. Although it is accepted that atropine functions as a competitive antagonist at high doses, the mechanism of the negative chronotropic response at low doses is controversial. Specifically, it is unclear whether the effect is mediated centrally or peripherally. Since at the time of cardiac replacement all central nervous system connections to the heart are severed, the transplanted heart is a unique model for separating these effects. Graded doses of atropine sulfate (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 40.0 micrograms/kg body weight) were administered to 12 human heart transplant recipients to test the hypothesis that the bradycardiac effect of low dose atropine is centrally mediated. The baseline sinus cycle lengths of the decentralized donor and innervated native sinus nodes were 694 +/- 20 and 733 +/- 27 ms, respectively. At the 0.5 and 1.0 microgram/kg doses, the cycle lengths of the native sinus node increased by 29.1 +/- 13.5 and 23.1 +/- 14.2 ms, respectively. At the 2.0 micrograms/kg dose the sinus cycle length again shortened to control. At the maximal dose of atropine the sinus cycle length shortened by 138.3 +/- 29.7 ms compared with control. In contrast, the decentralized donor sinus node exhibited a flat dose response to atropine. High dose atropine (40 micrograms/kg) caused no change in the donor heart's atrial effective refractory period, corrected sinus node recovery time, or sinoatrial conduction time measured by either the Strauss or the Narula method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
On the general band shape of photodetachment spectra of trapped electrons

Abstract Photodetachment cross sections of trapped electrons are expressed analytically by a one-parameter model with an initial 1s bound state and a final plane-wave state. The theoretical cross-section curve, location of the peak maximum, and band width are discussed. Calculated photoabsorption profiles compare fairly well with experimental data. Comment is made concerning the ω−8/3 photon-energy dependence for the bound-continuum band shape previously proposed in resolution of the absorption spectrum of trapped electrons into bound-bound and bound-continuum bands.
Online forum messages posted by adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

PURPOSE Messages posted by adolescents with diabetes at public Web-based forums were assessed using content analysis. METHODS Messages (n = 340) from adolescents self-identified as having diabetes were collected from public online discussion and question/answer forums and coded with respect to age, gender, duration of illness, and purpose of the post. Request messages were analyzed using a constant comparative method to generate descriptive categories. Nonparametric tests assessed for differences among groups and between forum types and request topics. RESULTS Most messages were from females who more often posted at discussion forums. Males posted more information requests. Six categories emerged from the analysis: life tasks, social support, medical care, factual information, management, and intrapsychic. Social support messages accounted for half of discussion forum requests; information/management requests were common in question/answer forums. CONCLUSIONS Data suggest that adolescents with diabetes visit online forums for social support, information, advice, and shared experience. Females used discussion forums more frequently and males requested more information.
Orthogonal Polynomials for the Analysis of Trend

A FORTRAN program for generating orthogonal polynomials for the analysis of trend is presented. The program computes orthogonal polynomials when sample sizes are unequal and/or treatment intervals are unequal.
Taurine binding by rat retinal membranes

Abstract Retinal membrane preparations contain endogenous taurine which is difficult to remove. By repeatedly washing the membranes in buffer the taurine content was reduced from 11·7±2·5 to 2·5±0·5 nmol/mg protein. However, complete elimination of the endogenous taurine from the membrane preparation was not achieved. Binding of [ 3 H]-taurine to rat retinal membrane preparations revealed both high and low affinity binding sites. A Hill coefficient of 0·71 suggested that cooperativity may be involved in the taurine binding process. Taurine binding was sodium dependent with maximum binding achieved at 118 m m . At suboptimal concentrations of sodium ions (30 m m ) only one binding site was observed which appears to be the high affinity binding site. Analogues of taurine were tested for their effectiveness in displacing taurine from its binding site. Hypotaurine, β-alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and guanidinoethanesulfonic acid were the most potent displacers.
Services and Programming for Older Abused Women: The Ohio Experience

Over the last ten years, a growing body of literature has examined services for older women who are abused. This article describes the results from a statewide survey of Ohio's domestic violence (DV) centers' programs and services for older women. Surveys were mailed to all Ohio DV centers in spring 2002, with a follow-up mailing and phone calls, yielding a 73% response rate. Seventy-eight percent had sheltered as least one woman over 55 years old during 2001. Other programs were serving some older women as well. While less than half of the centers educated their staff and volunteers about the needs of older women, 57% had provided training to aging agencies about DV. More collaboration and cross training with aging agencies was recommended to better meet the needs of older women.
SU-E-T-369: Evaluation of Dose Control System Performance on a TomoTherapy Hi-Art System

Purpose: TomoTherapy Hi'¢Art systems may exhibit rotational dose fluctuation and dose drift during treatment delivery. A dose servo system has been developed by Accuray, Inc. to monitor and control the dose output on TomoTherapy Hi'‐Art systems. The Dose Control System (DCS) provides continuous control of the linear accelerator output through a closed loop control system to maintain a constant dose output. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical performance of the DCS and to quantify the stability of the dose output after the installation of DCS on our Hi'¢Art unit. Methods: Daily ion chamber measurements in a solid water phantom for static and IMRT deliveries were compared for a time period of two months before and after the DCS installation. Weekly beam measurements using onboard MVCT detector and ion chamber data acquired by field service engineers were also analyzed. Dose stability and intra‐procedure dose drift were assessed from data before and after the DCS installation. Results: Both the range and standard deviations of daily static and IMRT ion chambermeasurements improved with the DCS. The standard deviation of the daily IMRT measurements improved from 0.96% to 0.5%. The dose drift also improved significantly with the DCS. The intra‐dose dose drift during a 200 second rotating procedure decreased from an average of 1.02% to 0.02% based on on‐board ion chamber data. The data show that the dose output is much more stable overall and more consistent from day to day. Conclusions: Based on dosimetric QA endpoints, the DCS has shown a marked improvement in machine dose stability and intra‐procedure dose drift when compared to data from before DCS was installed. MD Anderson Cancer Center Orlando holds a research grant from Accuray, Inc.
Phase equilibria in a system of "breathing" molecules

It is now well known that details in the intermolecular potential can significantly affect the qualitative features of a phase diagram where temperature is plotted against density for the coexistence curves among fluid and solid phases. While previous calculations of phase diagrams have assumed a time-invariant potential function, this report concerns the phase diagram for ''breathing'' molecules, i.e., molecules whose strength of intermolecular attraction fluctuates in time. Such fluctuations can occur in biomacromolecules where an active site can switch between ''on'' and ''off'' positions. Phase-equilibrium calculations were performed for molecules that have a periodic (breathing) attractive force in addition to the conventional intermolecular forces. The phase diagram for such molecules is as expected when the ''breathing'' properties are independent of density. However, when (more realistically), the ''breathing'' properties are density dependent, the phase diagram exhibits dramatic changes. These calculations may be useful for interpreting experimental data for protein precipitation, for plaque formation in blood vessels and for scaffold-supported tissue formation.
Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Accidental Communities: Race, Emergency Medicine, and the Problem of PolyHeme”: The “R” Word: Bioethics and a (Dis)Regard of Race

I have read with appreciation and some curiosity the responses to my essay “Accidental Communities: Race, Emergency Medicine, and the Problem of PolyHeme®.” My appreciation extends from the thought...
Wilson coefficients for parton decay at order αs

Abstract We calculate, at order αs, certain Wilson coefficients that relate to the PT spread of quark jets in QCD. Also included is a calculation of the quark decay function d(z) in a spacelike axial gauge.
COMPACTIFICATIONS OF HOMOGENEOUS SPACES AND CONTRACTIONS OF LIE GROUPS.

A method (imbedding G/H in a Grassman manifold) of compactification of homogeneous spaces is described for which H is a closed subgroup of a connected Lie group G and G/H is a noncompact irreducible Riemannian symmetric space. (R.E.U.)
Measuring spine fracture outcomes: Common scales and checklists

Abstract Introduction Although outcome instruments have been used extensively in spine surgical research, few studies at present specifically address their use in investigations regarding spine trauma. In this review we provide a summary of the outcome instruments used most frequently in spine trauma research, identify the unique challenges of studying outcomes of spine trauma patients, and propose an integrated approach that may be beneficial for future studies. Methods We reviewed the use of outcome instruments applicable to spine trauma research, including generic health measures, inventories of back-specific function, pain scales, health related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments, and radiographic determinants of outcome. Results Several inventories have been utilised to measure clinical outcomes following spinal trauma. Excluding measures of neurological function (e.g. ASIA motor score), none have been specifically validated for use with spine fractures. The SF-36, RMDQ, and ODI are amongst the most commonly used instruments. Importantly, the use of validated functional outcome measures in spine trauma research is hampered by the fact that the pre-morbid state of patients who sustain spine trauma may not be accurately represented by normative values established for the general population. The VAS is used most frequently to assess degree of neck and back pain. Most studies have relied on non-validated measures to determine radiographic results of treatment, although more elegant radiographic metrics exist. Conclusions Functional outcome measurement of traumatically injured spine patients is challenging because available generic and spine-specific instruments were not designed for or validated in this population. Furthermore, no single inventory is capable of capturing global data necessary to evaluate results following these injuries. Investigations seeking to quantify outcomes following spine trauma should consider the use of a combination of existing surveys in a complementary fashion that should include a generic health survey, a measure of back-specific function, and determinants of bodily pain and work-related disability.
Central Limit Theorems for Markov‐Connected Random Variables

The paper provides some central limit theorems for triangular arrays of Markov-connected random variables. It is assumed the Markov chain to satisfy condition (D1) which is an generalization of strong Doeblin's condition (Do). One result represents a central limit theorem without the assumption of finite variances.
A farewell and thanks.

It is with quite some sadness that I step down as Consulting Editor for Elsevier’s Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice (VCNA). I have been in this position for 26 years and I have seen it gain a lot of popularity with busy practicing veterinarians. The other VCNA series from Elsevier are also gaining in popularity for the same reasons as the Equine Practice issues. I have thoroughly enjoyed thinking up what topics would be attractive to veterinarians that have devoted a lot of their lives caring for horses. Many veterinarians who have had a very busy day dealing with ailing pets and their demanding owners may be simply too exhausted to sift through a pile of veterinary journals that have accumulated in their office. With the VCNA they can pick the subject they are interested in simply by reading the titles on the spines. They can then turn to the table of contents and go straight to the article on exactly what they need to focus in on. This saves them from thumbing through piles of journals and their necessary advertisements looking for that specific topic. Time is money for these people and they cannot waste it. What also attracts the busy equine veterinarian is that the material presented is so fresh compared with a textbook that has taken several years to get on their shelves. A large comprehensive textbook may take several years to complete and as many as 20 authors may be involved. Such textbooks are perfect to teach new veterinary students what’s what in that subject. But for the busy veterinarian who wants the latest information, and has to make a quick decision so the animal gets the correct diagnosis and treatment, these textbooks may not be the best way to go. This, I think, is one of the key advantages of the VCNA. The material is as current as it could be. The cost to readers compared with a big, fat, heavy textbook is much lower too. I chose the guest editors by reading who had recently chaired a local, national, or international symposium on a particular subject. They were chosen to do that because they knew the key issues and the experts in a particular subject. Finally, I am very grateful for John Vassallo at Elsevier for working with me on these issues. He certainly taught me what publishing and printing issues I could not ignore.
An integrated industry model of petroleum refining, electric power, and chemicals industries for costing pollution control and estimating energy prices

Abstract National policy is currently placing increasingly restrictive limitations on discharges of both air and water pollutants which will have widespread impact on the industries involved as well as the national economy. Because government policies affect the fundamental structure of markets, historical data are not sufficient to forecast the cost, market, and ripple effects of major changes in government policy. Historical data must be augmented with a synthesis of technical information into an economic framework to deal intelligently with the problem on a policy level. This paper reviews detailed work presented in three monographs [1,2,3] and gives key examples of how technical information may be synthesized into a comprehensive economic model to evaluate the industry cost, market price, and economic impact of restrictive waste discharge standards for the petroleum refining, electric power, and important chemical industries. Results are presented showing the industry costs, where price inflation is ignored, of increasingly restrictive standards for major water and air pollutants. A brief description is provided of how this keystone industry model has been interfaced with resource supply and end product demand models to estimate market price effects; and in turn, these market results have been used to determine the economic impact of different effluent standards.