cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Introduction of a Pre-Admission Psychosocial Assessment Process for Pediatric Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Patients and Families

s / Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 21 (2015) S355eS373 S361 17% response rate to date. By one year post implementation we hope to offer a pre-admission psychosocial evaluation to the entire pediatric SCT population.
Effects of β-adrenergic blockade on training-induced structural adaptations in rat left ventricle

The study was designed to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of exercise training or training-β-adrenergic blockade combination on gross and microscopic alterations of rat cardiac muscle and microvascular bed. Rats were randomly assigned to either sedentary control (C), trained (T), metoprolol-trained (MT), or propranolol-trained (pT) groups. The training protocol involved treadmill running for 8 weeks at 0.5 m s−1, 20% grade. Earlier experiments by us showed this training protocol to be effective in producing significant changes in selected skeletal muscle enzyme activities in all trained groups. In the current study an absolute reduction in left ventricular (LV) weight was observed in the PT compared to the C group (0.91±0.02 vs. 1.04±0.04 g,P<0.05). LV weight in the T and MT groups was no different from C so that LV to BW ratio (mg·g−1) was significantly increased (P<0.05) due to a similar reduction in body weight (BW) in all three training groups. Morphometric analysis of LV myocardium revealed no significant differences in myocyte mean cross-sectional area (μm2) in any of the groups (289±16-C, 332±20-T, 281±44-MT, and 273±12-PT). Capillary density independently calculated by light and electron microscopy was unchanged by training or trainings-blockade combination. It was concluded that training of sufficient intensity and duration to produce skeletal muscle enzyme adaptations does not necessarily produce myocyte hypertrophy or alter LV capillarity. Additionally functioningβ-adrenergic receptors appear to play a role in both the central and peripheral adaptations to endurance exercise training.
EFFECT OF O,P'-DDD ON HEPATIC METABOLISM OF PENTOBARBITAL IN RATS.

SummaryBoth subcutaneous (100 mg/kg day) and oral (300 mg/kg day) treatment of rats for 2 days with the compound, o,p′-DDD, shortened pentobarbital sleeping time. Hepatic metabolism of pentobarbital was measured in liver slices taken from these animals after 3 days of treatment and found to be significantly increased. Concomitant treatment with ethionine (150 mg/kg), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, blocked the effects of o,p′-DDD on both sleeping time and in vitro hepatic metabolism of pentobarbital. On the basis of these criteria it is suggested that o,p′-DDD induces hepatic enzymes which metabolize pentobarbital.
Plastic Microfluid Devices for Clinical Measurements

Industrial interest in microfluidics has grown rapidly in recent years with much effort focusing on the development of plastic microfluid devices presumably because of cost-related issues. Several methods have been recently reported for the fabrication of microfluid channels in plastics including mechanical milling [1], laser-ablation [2], injection-molding [3], and LIGA or X-ray photolithography [4]. The casting of images in soft plastics such as PDMS [5] has recently become popular due to the ease with which these devices may be sealed. We recently introduced an alternative method for device fabrication in plastics by imprinting techniques using low temperatures to soften the plastic substrates during the imprinting process [6]. Imprinting of channels is performed using small diameter wires to press the channels into substrates to create microfluid devices with simple channel designs. Fabrication of devices with more complicated layouts requires a more complex imprinting structure. We have achieved this by using three-dimentional silicon micromachined templates to imprint channels in plastic. Devices prepared by these methos may be easily fabricated in any analytical laboratory.
Study on health education level and nuisance perception among urban population before and after mosquito management

Objective To analyze the change of health education level and nuisance perception among urban population before and after mosquito management. Methods The 2011 people chosen from 20 communities of the test district and control district in Nanjing by two-stage sampling were surveyed in home.Results The rates of mosquito-related knowledge and mosquito-controlling faith among urban population were much higher in the test district than in the control district after one-year mosquito integrated management(P0.05).In the test district,79% of respondents thought there were very few mosquitoes,85% thought there was very little nuisance of mosquito,and 5.8% often used the deet outdoors.There was the significant difference between the two districts(P0.05).Conclusion Integrated mosquito management including health education would efficaciously heighten the health education level of urban population,and decrease the threat of mosquito bloodsucking and nuisance.It should become the important preventing measure on urban mosquito control.
Marrow Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Remission, First Relapse or Second Remission*

Allogeneic marrow transplantation from HLA-identical siblings for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first remission results in approximately 50% survival. Data reported by the Seattle team and the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry indicate that most transplant regimens are associated with a 30% probability of transplant-related deaths, a 20% probability of relapse and 50% long-term survival [1, 2]. Most patients with AML in first remission have received unmodified allogeneic marrow after preparation with a regimen of cyclophosphamide (CY) plus total body irradiation (TBI). Many approaches have been investigated in an attempt to improve these results.
The Impact of Surgery and Complications on Form and Function Following Autologous Breast Reconstruction

Form and function are principles which are integrally related and at the focus of the plastic surgeon. Studies have suggested that autologous reconstruction may provide the optimal form and aesthetic appearance of a reconstructed breast over the long term. With regards to physical function, differences between forms of reconstruction and function also exist. The authors discuss function following autologous reconstruction, systematic review of abdominal wall function, prospective examination of form and function, unilateral reconstructions, bilateral reconstructions, impact of complications, objective abdominal function, and patient satisfaction.
A Passive Brace to Improve Activities of Daily Living Utilizing Compliant Parallel Mechanisms

Idiopathic scoliosis is a deformity of the spine that affects 2–3% of adolescents. The treatment of scoliosis often requires the use of a rigid brace to align the spine and prevent progression of the deformation. The most common brace, referred to as the Boston brace, has a high success rate in preventing progression of the scoliotic curve. The common root failure is lack of patient compliance in wearing the brace for the prescribed time. This lack in compliance is due to patient discomfort, both physically and emotional, and the patients’ limited ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) when wearing the brace. The likelihood of needing surgery increases dramatically when bracing is unsuccessful.We seek to improve patients’ comfort by designing a brace that improves range of motion, while remaining stiff in the corrective direction. Primary ranges of motion were acquired using a motion capture system. A kinematic analysis was performed using homogeneous transformations and screw theory to determine primary screw axes of the motions. The required lateral stiffness for the brace was found in literature.Compliant mechanisms are used because they can apply the corrective force, but also allow the patients some range of motion. The mechanism implementation was characterized using finite element analysis and compared to a physical model test.Initial findings confirm that compliant mechanisms are suitable for the application of a scoliosis brace. We have found that the proposed brace can apply the necessary forces at reasonable displacements. The proposed brace will not allow the patient a full range of motion, but we believe that it will achieve an improved range of motion that will increase a patient’s ability to perform activities of daily living.Copyright © 2016 by ASME
Marine Resource Intensification and the Reorganization of Lithic Technologies during the Middle-Late Holocene in Northwest Alaska

ABSTRACTThis study uses lithic technological organization from two successive Middle–Late Holocene archaeological cultures in northwest Alaska to test hypotheses about marine resource intensification through time. Researchers argue that maritime adaptations in northwest Alaska progressed from supplementary seasonal exploitation towards a highly complex, year-round reliance on marine resources. Robust faunal assemblages and organic technologies necessary to demonstrate this developmental transformation are generally lacking in sites from this time period. Instead, our primary sources of data are site locations, features, and lithic technology. Theorists have shown that technological organization, including lithic components, is greatly influenced by subsistence strategy and residential mobility. In theory, an increased reliance on marine resources should result in increased technological complexity, greater use of local raw materials, and overall less concern with optimizing size and weight of tools. I tes...
Enhanced resistance of nanocellular silica to dynamic indentation

Abstract Compared with solids, cellular materials are more lightweight yet usually weaker due to their large porosities. In the current study, it is discovered that the dynamic penetration resistance of nanocellular silica could be effectively higher than that of solid silica when the cell size is smaller than ~100 nm. This phenomenon is attributed to the local hardening that happens when the cell size is sufficiently small and the cell collapse is sufficiently fast. The finding paves a road to the development of strong and lightweight cellular materials.
The Numbers Count

Numbers Skeptics deny that when faced with a choice between saving some innocent people from harm and saving a larger number of different, though equally innocent, people from suffering a similar harm you ought to save the larger number. In this article, I aim to put pressure on Numbers Skepticism.
Major chemical compounds in the Ignitable Liquids Reference Collection and Substrate databases

Abstract Major peaks identified in samples within the Ignitable Liquids Reference Collection (ILRC) and Substrate databases were tabulated to ascertain information on the chemical compound types present in ignitable liquids and pyrolytic decomposition products from substrate materials. There were 221 major compounds identified in the ignitable liquid and substrate records in the databases. Thirty-six of these major compounds were identified in both. The major compounds were grouped by compound type to provide a general characterization of ignitable liquids and substrates within the databases. ASTM E1618-14 designated classes were characterized by how often particular types of compounds were identified within each class. Identification of major compounds and how often they occur within a specified ASTM E1618-14 class and as substrate decomposition products may provide useful chemical characterization information.
Role of intracellular Ca 2+ signaling in the antinociceptive and discriminative stimulus effects of the imidazoline I 2 receptor agonist 2-BFI in rats

Recent research has established the imidazoline I2 receptor as a promising target for the development of novel analgesics. However, despite an increasing understanding of imidazoline I2 receptor-mediated behavioral effects, little is known about post-I2-receptor signaling mechanisms. This study examined the effects of several inhibitors of Ca2+ signaling mechanisms on two behavioral effects of the prototypical imidazoline I2 receptor ligand 2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline (2-BFI). The von Frey filament test was used to examine the antinociceptive effects of 2-BFI in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain in rats. A two-lever drug discrimination paradigm in which rats were trained to discriminate 5.6 mg/kg (intraperitoneally) 2-BFI from its vehicle was used to examine the discriminative stimulus effects of 2-BFI. The L-type Ca2+ channel blockers verapamil and nimodipine, the calmodulin antagonist W-7, and the internal Ca2+ release inhibitor ryanodine all attenuated the antinociceptive effects of 2-BFI. Oxycodone- and acetaminophen-induced antinociception was unaffected by pretreatment with the Ca2+ channel blockers. Rats learned to reliably discriminate 5.6 mg/kg 2-BFI from saline. The I2 receptor agonists BU224, RS45041, tracizoline, and CR4056 all fully substituted for 5.6 mg/kg 2-BFI while idazoxan, S22687, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), and phenyzoline produced partial or no substitution. Verapamil, nimodipine, and W-7 did not alter the discriminative stimulus effects of 2-BFI. These results indicate that the antinociceptive effects of 2-BFI involve intracellular Ca2+ elevation and/or downstream Ca2+/calmodulin signaling, whereas the discriminative stimulus effects of 2-BFI are mediated by a distinct, independent mechanism.
The Effect of Optimal Penalties for Organizations Convicted of Price Fixing in the Presence of Criminal Sanctions for Individuals

This chapter examines the nature of optimal price fixing penalties on organizations in the presence of criminal sanctions for individuals employed by convicted firms. In other work, we examined the nature of optimal penalties for firms convicted for price fixing when the only sanction is the one placed on the firm. This chapter expands the economic analysis to examine how optimal organizational sanctions function when individuals employed by the firm are subject to criminal penalties, including incarceration. Our analysis demonstrates how sanctions on individuals can serve to complement firm level expenditures on monitoring and compliance, resulting in better deterrence and lower compliance costs.
Neonatal Care in the Delivery Room: Initial Management

Ancient accounts of neonatal resuscitation strategies may be found in the Old Testament, the Talmud, and early writings of Hippocrates [1]. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation of newborns was described as early as 1472 in a textbook on childhood diseases written by Bagellardeus [2]. While, some of these early resuscitation practices were truly revolutionary, the vast majority reflected a limited understanding of the dramatic physiologic changes that take place during birth. Techniques including swinging the infant upside down, immersion in cold water, electric shock, shaking, yelling, slapping and even insufflation of tobacco smoke into the rectum were widely practiced as recently as the early 20th century [1, 2, 3]. In 1953, Virginia Apgar wrote the following regarding the resuscitation of newborn infants: Seldom have there been such imaginative ideas, such enthusiasm, and dislikes, and such unscientific observations and study about one clinical picture. There are outstanding exceptions to these statements, but the poor quality and lack of precise data of the majority of papers concerned with infant resuscitation are interesting. [4]
Complete local search for propositional satisfiability

Algorithms based on following local gradient information are surprisingly effective for certain classes of constraint satisfaction problems. Unfortunately, previous local search algorithms are notoriously incomplete: They are not guaranteed to find a feasible solution if one exists and they cannot be used to determine unsatisfiability. We present an algorithmic framework for complete local search and discuss in detail an instantiation for the propositional satisfiability problem (SAT). The fundamental idea is to use constraint learning in combination with a novel objective function that converges during search to a surface without local minima. Although the algorithm has worst-case exponential space complexity, we present empirical resulls on challenging SAT competition benchmarks that suggest that our implementation can perform as well as state-of-the-art solvers based on more mature techniques. Our framework suggests a range of possible algorithms lying between tree-based search and local search.
Radiation Safety Criteria for Maintenance and Waste Management in the Mirror Advanced Reactor Study

The Mirror Advanced Reactor Study (MARS) was a 2-yr study of designs for a commercial tandem mirror fusion reactor. Two of the goals of the MARS program were to exploit the full potential of fusion for occupational and environmental safety during operation and maintenance and to realize safe long-term disposal of radioactive wastes. Two numerical ratings devised to characterize materials with respect to impacts of induced radioactivity on these two goals are described. The ratings devised for these purposes are the remote maintenance rating and the waste disposal rating. The MARS reactor designers had these ratings available and used them as guidelines in making configuration and materials choices. Significant differences in meeting these goals were identified, depending on the materials chosen. The final MARS design fully utilized the technology available today and, in large measure, achieved the stated goals of the program.
Latency Analysis for Matched Filter Based Detection of Weak Signals

In this work we consider the problem of quantifying the detection latency of weak signals-a signal whose energy is much lower than the noise floor. We define detection latency as the total number of samples needed to correctly detect the weak signal. We characterize the latency by considering a single-input, single-output (SISO) wireless communications scenario where the receiver is tasked with detecting the transition from a channel probing waveform to a 500 kHz signaling tone. We consider constant modulus linear frequency modulated (LFM) chirp and the GPS L2C (M) pseudorandom noise waveforms for channel probing. We also introduce the notion of hypothesis tracking built on the sequential detection framework to reduce detection latency at the receiver. We compare the performance between two hypothesis tracking methods.
The promise of bioimpedance for volume management in American dialysis patients: An unfulfilled opportunity

Evidence from both observational and randomized controlled studies indicates that the use of bioimpedance in the care of chronic hemodialysis patients is associated with improved outcomes, in particular better volume and blood pressure control. Bioimpedance as a means to assess fluid status in dialysis patients has been approved by numerous regulatory agencies and is being used in dozens of countries around the globe. The most notable exception to the worldwide acceptance of this technique is the US where no BIA device has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in dialysis patients. The reasons for this unfortunate situation are manifold and mostly flawed. They include the view that bioimpedance is inaccurate and not sufficiently validated, that clinical judgment is good enough to assess fluid status, that interdialytic changes in weight are satisfactory indicators of fluid status (overload, depletion, and euvolemia), costs, and regulatory and marketing barriers. Easing the path to approval and modifying the dialysis payment structure are necessary to bring dialysis care closer to the levels that will optimize patient outcomes.
X-ray fluorescence analysis of wear metals in used lubricating oils

Used oils from several aircraft at NASA's Langley Research Center were analyzed over a three year period using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and atomic emission spectrometry. The results of both analyses are presented and comparisons are made. Fe and Cu data for oil from four internal combustion engines are provided and XRF and atomic emission spectrometry measurements were found to be in perfect agreement. However, distributions were found in the case of oil from a jet aircraft engine whereby the latter method gave values for total iron concentration in the oil and did not distinguish between suspended particles and oil additives. XRF does not have these particle-size limitations; moreover, it is a faster process. It is concluded that XRF is the preferred method in the construction of a man-portable oil wear analysis instrument.
Radiation Effects in Silicate Glasses Pertinent to Their Application as a Radioactive Waste Storage Medium

A variety of radiation effects are delineated in complex silicate glasses: formation of centers, expansion, two kinds of contraction, surface alkali activation, and enhanced leaching. The intense energy deposition in the last fraction of the ranges of the actinide recoils appears to produce other effects than those from the diffuse energy deposition associated with the light ions and with ionization. Although there are other serious gaps in our knowledge of the radiation behavior of these materials, and the data available are rather limited, the most serious deficiency for waste management is the lack of adequate temporal and thermal data.
Students and Corporate Social Media: Do College Students Care about Social Media Usernames?

Young adults were the first adopters of social media and are still the prominent age group that uses social networking. Businesses have started to capitalize on this by creating a presence on many platforms, including Instagram and Twitter. As college students interact with these businesses on social media, how does the business’s social media username affect how college students perceive the business? Prior research from social media marketing articles, like Zarrello (2018), has inferred that the shorter, more attractive usernames are perceived as more professional for companies. A sample of college students were asked to rate the professionalism of a hypothetical company based on various usernames. Respondents preferred usernames containing the company’s name with no numbers or symbols, but not necessarily the shortest username.
RESPONSE OF LINEAR AND NONLINEAR CONTINUOUS STRUCTURES SUBJECT TO RANDOM EXCITATION AND THE PROBLEM OF HIGH-LEVEL EXCURSIONS

The state of the art for the analysis of the response of continuous linear and nonlinear structures subject to random excitation is reviewed. Various techniques based on known results from the theory of stochastic processes are discussed, in particular the mean-square calculus, the random pulse trains and the Markov processes. It is shown that the ability of obtaining an exact solution in the form of probability density of a certain order for a nonlinear structure is far more limited; it usually depends on restrictions on the nature of loading and the type of structure. Such restrictions and solutions are given. Finally, the probability for a structural response to remain within high level safety bounds is expressed in two equivalent series expansions, and approximate solutions to this probability are discussed.
Common Sense and Compassion: A Judicial Biography of Ronald Longstaff

For over four decades Ronald Earl Longstaff served the United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa, first as a federal magistrate and then as an Article III federal judge. Longstaff’s professional life provides a unique window into the Iowa bench and bar from the 1960s to the 2000s. Over the course of his career, Longstaff heard a remarkably diverse range of cases, from civil rights actions to commercial disputes to murder trials. A highly respected and admired judge, Longstaff exemplified the two qualities he viewed as central to judicial service: compassion and common sense. Judge Longstaff’s life is also a story of perseverance and triumph over adversity. As a child in Pittsburg, Kansas, he was diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The treating physicians advised Longstaff’s parents to institutionalize him, a common practice in the 1940s for children with cerebral palsy. But to Ronald Longstaff’s good fortune, his parents ignored the doctors’ advice. The Longstaffs’ decision to keep their son in school made it possible for him to achieve his full potential, which eventually included decades of service as a distinguished federal judge.
Longitudinal Changes in Adult Bony Orbital Volume.

PURPOSE To our knowledge, no prior study has measured bony orbital volume in a group of subjects over time. This study evaluates longitudinal changes in bony orbital volume with age. METHODS A search was created for patients with digitized CT imaging studies of the orbit at least 8 years apart. Charts with a history of prior head trauma, head and neck tumors, sinus disease, head surgery, elevated intracranial pressure, thyroid eye disease, or conditions that could affect bone metabolism were excluded. Three outcome measures were used: orbital volume, medial orbital wall length, and lateral orbital wall length. Categorical data were summarized with frequency (%); normally distributed continuous data are summarized with mean (standard deviation), and non-normally distributed data were summarized with median. Normality was verified with Shapiro-Wilk Test. Paired t-tests were used to analyze the differences in the 3 outcome variables. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-two subjects, 91 males and 91 females, were included. The median time between CT scans was 9.4 years. Orbital volume was significantly larger at the second scan than the first (p < 0.001). The average difference in orbital volume was 0.91 ml, an increase of 4.1%. Lateral orbital length was significantly shorter in the second scan than in the first (p = 0.046) though the difference was only 0.4 mm. There was no statistically significant change in medial orbital wall length. CONCLUSIONS Bony orbital volume increases in individuals with age. This increase in orbital volume occurs in the context of soft tissue changes to contribute to the aging appearance of the periorbital region.
Can We Eliminate Opioid Medications for Postoperative Pain Control? A Prospective, Surgeon-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial in Knee Arthroscopic Surgery.

Background:Orthopaedic surgeons have a responsibility to develop responsible opioid practices. Growing evidence has helped define an optimal number of opioids to prescribe after surgical procedures...
Guest Column: Approximate Degree in Classical and Quantum Computing

The approximate degree of a Boolean function f captures how well f can be approximated pointwise by low-degree polynomials. This article surveys what we know about approximate degree and illustrates some of its applications in theoretical computer science.
Effect of soluble fiber dextrin on postprandial appetite and subsequent food intake in healthy adults

The effect of a newly developed soluble fiber dextrin on subjective appetite, satiety hormone response and food intake was investigated using a double blind, randomized cross-over study. 41 healthy...
Control and Optimization of Air Traffic Networks

The air transportation system connects the world through the transport of goods and people. However, operational inefficiencies such as flight delays and cancellations are prevalent, resulting in e...
Inversion of T Waves on Admission is Associated with Mortality in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Abstract Introduction Cardiac dysfunction directly caused by spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a poorly understood phenomenon, and its impact on outcome is still uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between electrocardiographic (EKG) abnormalities and mortality in ICH. Methods This is a retrospective study analyzing EKG patterns on admission in patients admitted with ICH at a tertiary care center over an eight-year period. For each patient, demographics, medical history, clinical presentation, EKG on admission and during hospitalization, and head CT at presentation were reviewed. Mortality was noted. Results A total of 301 ICH patients were included in the study. The most prevalent EKG abnormalities were QTc prolongation in 56% of patients (n = 168) followed by inversion of T waves (TWI) in 37% of patients (n = 110). QTc prolongation was associated with ganglionic location (p = 0.03) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (p = 0.01), TWIs were associated with ganglionic location (p = 0.02), and PR prolongation was associated with IVH (p = 0.01), while QRS prolongation was associated with lobar location (p Conclusion Presence of TWI on admission is an independent and unmodifiable factor associated with mortality in ICH. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying electrocardiographic changes after primary intracerebral hemorrhage.
Cycad Biology and Conservation: The 9th International Conference on Cycad Biology

Nan Li, Dennis Wm. Stevenson, and M. Patrick Griffith, eds. 2019. Cycad Biology and Conservation: The 9th International Conference on Cycad Biology. (ISSN: 0077-8931; ISBN-13: 978-0-89327-538-9, hbk). Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, Volume 117. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York 10458-5126, U.S.A. (Orders: www.nybgpress.org). Price not given, 608 pp., line drawings, graphs, b&w photos, 7" × 10".
Y2k Options and the Liquidity Premium in Treasury Bond Markets

Financial institutions around the world expected the millennium date change (Y2K) to cause an aggregate liquidity shortage. Responding to concerns about this liquidity shortage, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York auctioned Y2K options to primary dealers. The options gave the dealers the right to borrow from the Fed at a predetermined interest rate. The implied volatilities of Y2K options and the aggressiveness of demand for these instruments reveal that the Fed's action eased the fears of bond dealers, contributing to a drop in the liquidity premium of Treasury securities. Our analysis shows the link between the microstructure of government debt prices and the central bank's provision of liquidity. The use of Y2K options and their effect on the liquidity premium broadly conform to the economic theory and practice of the public provision of private liquidity.
Integrating social determinants of health screening and referral during routine emergency department care: evaluation of reach and implementation challenges.

Background Despite the importance of social determinants in health outcomes, little is known about the best practices for screening and referral during clinical encounters. This study aimed to implement universal social needs screening and community service referrals in an academic emergency department (ED), evaluating for feasibility, reach, and stakeholder perspectives. Methods Between January 2019 and February 2020, ED registration staff screened patients for social needs using a 10-item, low-literacy, English-Spanish screener on touchscreens that generated automatic referrals to community service outreach specialists and data linkages. The RE-AIM framework, specifically the constructs of reach and adoption, guided the evaluation. Reach was estimated through a number of approaches, completed screenings, and receipt of community service referrals. Adoption was addressed qualitatively via content analysis and qualitative coding techniques from (1) meetings, clinical interactions, and semi-structured interviews with ED staff and (2) an iterative "engagement studio" with an advisory group composed of ED patients representing diverse communities. Results Overall, 4608 participants were approached, and 61% completed the screener. The most common reason for non-completion was patient refusal (43%). Forty-seven percent of patients with completed screeners communicated one or more needs, 34% of whom agreed to follow-up by resource specialists. Of the 482 participants referred, 20% were reached by outreach specialists and referred to community agencies. Only 7% of patients completed the full process from screening to community service referral; older, male, non-White, and Hispanic patients were more likely to complete the referral process. Iterative staff (n = 8) observations and interviews demonstrated that, despite instruction for universal screening, patient presentation (e.g., appearance, insurance status) drove screening decisions. The staff communicated discomfort with, and questioned the usefulness of, screening. Patients (n = 10) communicated a desire for improved understanding of their unmet needs, but had concerns about stigmatization and privacy, and communicated how receptivity of screenings and outreach are influenced by the perceived sincerity of screening staff. Conclusions Despite the limited time and technical barriers, few patients with social needs ultimately received service referrals. Perspectives of staff and patients suggest that social needs screening during clinical encounters should incorporate structure for facilitating patient-staff relatedness and competence, and address patient vulnerability by ensuring universal, private screenings with clear intent. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04630041 .
Stem Cells in Regenerative Therapy

This chapter will teach you about origin, classification, features of stem cells and fundaments of stem cell therapy as the segment of cellular–based therapy. Generally, the Stem Cell (SC)—compartment is divided into embryonic and tissue specific or adult SCs. Paul Niehans, M.D., (1882–1971), the originator of cell therapy, wrote: “Cellular therapy is a method of treating the whole organism on a biological basis, capable of revitalizing the human organism with its trillions of cells by bringing to it those embryonic or young cells which it needs. Cells from all organs are at our disposal; the doctor’s art is to choose the right cells. Selective cellular therapy offers new life to the ailing or diseased organism”.
Detecting Abnormal Performance in Event Studies

In this project, the researcher conducted specification and power analyses on four matched-firm (MF) and three portfolio-based (PM) matching strategies used to detect abnormal performance in event studies of securities' performance. The researcher conducted these tests on 180 non-repeating random draws of 50 companies; the study ran from January 1, 1985 to December 31, 2002. The PM strategies generated poorly specified test statistics in all tests. Contrarily, all of the MF approaches produced well-specified and powerful test statistics. In this study, the researcher provides empirical evidence showing that techniques, sometimes overlooked by researchers, namely the matched firm approach based on industry affiliation, seem to have better specification and power outcomes than competing models and that the adjustments to PM strategies seem unnecessary. In this project, the researcher has also highlighted the extreme differences in performance of these seven methods used to detect abnormal performance in event studies.
Windows XP kernel crash analysis

PC users have started viewing crashes as a fact of life rather than a problem. To improve operating system dependability, systems designers and programmers must analyze and understand failure data. In this paper, we analyze Windows XP kernel crash data collected from a population of volunteers who contribute to the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) project. We found that OS crashes are predominantly caused by poorly-written device driver code. Users as well as product developers will benefit from understanding the crash behaviors elaborated in this paper.
Synthesis of vitamin K-dependent proteins.

The unique and characteristic feature of vitamin K-dependent proteins is the presence of gamma-carboxyglutamyl (Gla) residues formed during the posttranslational processing of these proteins. The energy needed to drive this microsomal carboxylation event comes from the reoxidation of the reduced, hydronaphthoquinone form of vitamin K to its 2,3-epoxide. Recent studies have suggested that an intermediate epoxide alkoxide is the strong base needed to abstract a proton from the relatively unreactive methylene carbon of the glutamyl residue. The primary gene product of the vitamin K-dependent proteins contains a homologous propeptide extension between the amino terminus of the mature protein and signal peptide. This region, which is cleaved before secretion of these proteins, serves to dock the protein substrate to the enzyme catalyzing the carboxylation event, and to also alter the apparent Km of the Glu binding site of the enzyme. The order in which the multiple Glu sites on the substrate proteins are carbo...
Transference Love from the Couch to the Classroom: A Psychoanalytic Perspective on the Ethics of Teacher-Student Romance

INTRODUCTION In this essay, I will try to convince you that a question often thought to be more or less easy to answer, and therefore uninteresting, is actually more complicated than we tend to think and deserves a closer look. I am hoping to begin, then, by giving you a philosophical itch where you might not have had one before, but as soon as I have accomplished this, I will go on to offer you a conceptual tool with which to scratch it. In writing this, one might say, I am not unlike a salesman who arrives at your door bearing a poison-ivy plant in one hand and a bottle of Calamine lotion in the other. If you will forgive me this contradiction, there is a question I would like us to take up together, one, as I said, which should perplex us more than it does currently, and that is: “is it wrong for teachers and students to become romantically involved?”
Pharmacological Considerations in the Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the pharmacological considerations in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis is a disease manifested by a progressive development of muscular weakness, often in specific muscle groups, in association with activity. The illness has a wide-spread age distribution and certain close associations with possible endocrine factors, especially in relation to the thymus and thyroid. Structural lesions have been demonstrated not only in the muscle fibers, but also in the terminal portions of the motor nerves and at the motor end plates themselves. The mechanism producing these lesions is not known, but there have been suggestions that an auto-immune disturbance may be at least in part related. The nature of the neuromuscular block in myasthenia gravis also is complex: There are indications not only of a nondepolarizing acetylcholine-inhibitory competitive block, but also of a noncompetitive block possibly related to defective synthesis or release of acetylcholine at the terminal innervation region.
Enhancement of the greenhouse air ventilation rate under climate conditions of central Mexico

Los invernaderos mexicanos con cobertura plastica usan la ventilacion natural como el metodo principal para controlar la temperatura y la humedad. Sin embargo, no hay estudios sobre el comportamiento dinamico del flujo del aire y las tasas de ventilacion. En el presente estudio se analizaron las tasas de intercambio de aire en un invernadero con ventilacion natural en Mexico, utilizando Dinamica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD). Para mejorar el enfriamiento del invernadero se examinaron las areas de ventilacion cenital y las caracteristicas de la malla bajo varios escenarios, para cuantificar las tasas de ventilacion. Las tasas de intercambio de aire a traves de malla anti insectos mas densa (modelo S) fueron alrededor de 50 % de las alcanzadas con malla anti insectos real y menos densa para insectos (modelo SF), con la misma velocidad del viento exterior. Aumentar el tamano de la ventila cenital de 6 % (actual) a 15 % del area de piso del invernadero aumento la tasa de ventilacion en 20–40 % con velocidades del viento entre 0 y 4 m s-1. Sin embargo, ampliaciones del area de malla anti insectos en las paredes laterales no produjeron cambios significativos en la tasa de ventilacion. Tambien se considero la orientacion del invernadero para maximizar los efectos de enfriamiento en las condiciones climaticas locales, y la tasa de ventilacion podria mejorar al colocar el area de ventilacion cenital en una direccion sugerida con base en la velocidad promedio del viento
Surface recombination velocity and lifetime in InP measured by transient microwave reflectance

Minority carrier lifetime and surface recombination velocity are determined in organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy (OMVPE)-grown InP by a contactless microwave technique. For lightly doped n-type InP, a surface recombination velocity of 5000 cm/s is measured. However, in solar cells with a heavily doped n-type emitter a surface recombination velocity of 1*10/sup 6/ cm/s is observed. Possible reasons for this due to surface pinning are discussed. The effects of various chemical treatments and SiO on the surface recombination velocity are measured. >
Changing Perspectives on the Archaeology of the Central Mississippi Valley.

Changing Perspectives on the Archaeology of the Central Mississippi Valley. Michael J. O'Brien and Robert C. Dunnell. eds. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998. 386 pp.
Exchange of Na+ and K+ between water vapor and feldspar phases at high temperature and low vapor pressure

In order to determine whether gas (steam) containing a small amount of dissolved alkali chloride is effective in promoting base exchange of Na+ and K+ among alkali feldspars and coexisting brine or brine plus solid salt, experiments were carried out at 400–700°C and steam densities ranging down to less than 0.05. For bulk compositions rich in potassium, the low pressure results are close to previous high-pressure results in composition of the fluid and coexisting solid phase. However, when the bulk composition is more sodic, alkali feldspars are relatively richer in potassium at low pressure than at high pressure. This behaviour corresponds to enrichment of potassium in the gas phase relative to coexisting brine and precipitation of solid NaCl when the brine plus gas composition becomes moderately sodic. The gas phase is very effective in promoting base exchange between coexisting alkali feldspars at high temperature and low water pressure. This suggests that those igneous rocks which contain coexisting alkali feldspars out of chemical equilibrium either remained very dry during the high-temperature part of their cooling history or that the pore fluid was a gas containing very little potassium relative to sodium.
A flightpath overshoot flying qualities metric for the landing task

An analysis was conducted of the attitude and flightpath angle response of configurations used in the Total In-Flight Simulator (TIFS) pitch-rate command systems program. The results show poor correlation between pilot ratings and attitude response and indicate that attitude was not a major influence in the results. A strong correlation was found to exist, however, between the amount of flightpath angle peak overshoot and the pilot ratings. This correlation is similar to the best correlations that have been obtained in recent closed-loop and time-domain analyses but has the advantage of greatly simplified implementation and interpretation.
Carbon nanotube formation catalyzed by Ni nanoparticles in carbonaceous solid

Thermal decomposition of a Ni-containing organometallic compound or Ni salt in the presence of an excess amount of a multi(ethynyl)aromatic compound results in the formation of CNTs during the carbonization process. The uniqueness of the process is the formation of MWNTs in high yield within the solid carbonaceous domain upon heat treatment to elevated temperature under ambient pressure. The formation of MWNTs in a shaped, solid configuration readily occurred when the precursor mixture was heated above 600 °C. 1,2,4,5-Tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene was reacted with varying amounts of a Ni-containing compound in an organic solvent to produce the Ni adduct of the ethynyl unit. Other mixtures were formulated by physical mixing of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene and a Ni salt. Heat treatment of the various mixtures to temperatures up to 1300 °C under atmospheric pressure resulted in the decomposition of the Ni-containing compound or salt and the formation of Ni atoms, clusters, and/or nanoparticles in the polymeric-to-carbon nanoparticle-to-carbon nanotube compositions. The Ni atoms, clusters, and/or nanoparticles are the key to the formation of the carbon nanotubes. The resulting Ni nanoparticle–CNT compositions show magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy studies show the presence of a large quantity of MWNTs in the carbonaceous solid residue. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Translation/Secretion Coupling by Type III Secretion Systems

Type III secretion systems mediate export of virulence proteins and flagellar assembly subunits in Gram-negative bacteria. Chaperones specific to each class of secreted protein are believed to prevent degradation of the secreted substrates. We show that an additional role of chaperones may be to regulate translation of secreted proteins. We show that the chaperone FIgN is required for translation of the flgM gene transcribed from one mRNA transcript (a flagellar class 3 transcript), but not from another (a flagellar class 2 transcript). FIgM translated from the class 3 transcript is primarily secreted whereas FIgM translated from the class 2 transcript is primarily retained in the cytoplasm. These results suggest FIgM and other type III secretion substrates possess both mRNA and amino acid secretion signals, and supports a new role for type III chaperones in translation/secretion coupling.
Some aspects of inbreeding in haploids of tetraploid Solanum tuberosum L.

Inbreeding depression occurs in haploid (2n = 2X = 24) potatoes (Solarium tuberosum L.) extracted from tetraploid (2n = 4X = 48) potatoes. This depression has been postulated to occur due to the loss of intralocus interactions, the loss of favorable epistatic combinations in normal meiosis, inbreeding depression, or the exposure of deleterious genes. The inbreeding coefficient of haploids extracted from tetraploids is derived in this paper. This inbreeding coefficient is a function of the inbreeding levels in the parents, the coefficient of coancestry of the parents, and the coefficient of double reduction. When the coefficient of double reduction is greater than zero, the inbreeding coefficient of the haploid is greater than the inbreeding coefficient of the tetraploid from which it was extracted. The implications of these results on breeding strategies employing haploids is discussed.
Opening the Door: Women Candidates and California's Primary Elections

This article examines how gender interacts with primary electoral institutions to affect electoral outcomes in California's Assembly primaries from 1992 to 2006. The hypothesized relationship between candidate success and election type utilizes theories of candidate gender stereotyping and voter behavior. Therefore, women are expected to become advantaged as the primary changes from closed to more open rules due to cross-over voting and independent voters. The results show that both Republican and Democratic women enjoy greater success under the more open rules. These findings have important implications for theories about gender and politics. Institutions, namely primary election structures, matter.
Convergence of iterated boolean sums of simultaneous approximants

Explicit error estimates are given for the iterated Boolean sum of a sequence of simultaneous approximants; the rate of convergence is shown to be improved for smooth functions. The general results are applied in the case of the Bernstein, Durrmeyer and Stancu operators.