cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Yeast NPI46 encodes a novel prolyl cis-trans isomerase that is located in the nucleolus

We have identified a gene (NPI46) encoding a new prolyl cis-trans isomerase within the nucleolus of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein encoded by NPI46 was originally found by us in a search for proteins that recognize nuclear localization sequences (NLSs) in vitro. Thus, NPI46 binds to affinity columns that contain a wild-type histone H2B NLS but not a mutant H2B NLS that is incompetent for nuclear localization in vivo. NPI46 has two domains, a highly charged NH2 terminus similar to two other mammalian nucleolar proteins, nucleolin and Nopp140, and a COOH terminus with 45% homology to a family of mammalian and yeast proline isomerases. NPI46 is capable of catalyzing the prolyl cis-trans isomerization of two small synthetic peptides, succinyl-Ala-Leu-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide and succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide, as measured by a chymotrypsin-coupled spectrophotometric assay. By indirect immunofluorescence we have shown that NPI46 is a nucleolar protein. NPI46 is not essential for cell viability.
Breeding for adaptation to drought and heat in cowpea

Accomplishments in breeding for adaptation to drought and heat are reviewed based upon work with the indeterminate grain legume species cowpea. Plant traits and some crop management methods are examined that influence adaptation to rainfed production in the drought-prone, semiarid tropical Sahelian zone of Africa. Drought escape, drought resistance, delayed-leaf-senescence, and varietal intercrops are examined. In addition, adaptation to the heat that can detrimentally impact irrigated production in the hot, subtropical arid zone of California is evaluated. Heat tolerance during reproductive development, electrolyte leakage, membrane thermostability, some aspects of crop management including date of sowing, and chilling tolerance during emergence including the beneficial effects of a dehydrin protein are considered. Methods for breeding cowpeas with adaptation to drought and heat are described that have been effective.
Preschoolers with Developmental Disabilities: A Comparison of an ADHD and a NonADHD Group

Background To compare a group of preschoolers with developmental disabilities at-risk for ADHD (ADHD/DD) with a group of preschoolers with DD and no ADHD behaviors (nonADHD/DD).
Monte Carlo Simulations of Wind Speed Data

A new Monte Carlo simulation procedure and nearby regional weather station data are used to predict wind speed and turbine energy. The evaluation of the predication values used cumulative distribution function (CDF) graphs. The predication process employed Weibull shape and scale values developed from 1, 12, 20 and 24 years of record for each weather station. Simulation using one year of wind speed data of a weather station located downwind of the wind turbine site resulted in the greatest match of simulation results to the measured values[ED1]. Most simulations of energy values were a closer match to the measured values than those of wind speed. A closer match was defined as simulated values in the CDF central range of 10 to 75 percent which is also a 25 to 75 percent probability factor.
Re-classification of mixed-type IPMNs allows for better definition of epidemiology, biology and outcomes after surgical resection

s / Pancreatolog S4 Aims: To evaluate the long-term outcome after surgical resection of sporadic, asymptomatic NF-pNET < 2 cm, stratifying the results by resection type and histopathologic features. Patients & methods: Patients resected between June 1997 and November 2008 at our institution (minimum follow-up of 60months) were retrieved from a prospectively maintained electronic database and analyzed retrospectively. Results: Study population consisted of 49 patients (27 females and 22 males), with amedian age of 59 years (range 38-61). 31 patients underwent parenchyma-sparing resections (15 enucleations, 15 middle pancreatectomies, 1 spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomies), while 18 patients underwent formal resections (8 pancreaticoduodenectomies, 10 distal pancreactomies with splenectomy). Mean lymph node yielding was 1.35 (0-9) in atypical resections and 19 (7-32) in formal resections (p1⁄40.0001). Lymph node metastases were found in only one patient undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. The median tumor size was 16 mm. 48 tumors were G1, one was G2, none was G3 (2010 WHO classification). The final pathologic report showed microscopic local invasion (perineural invasion, lymph vascular invasion or fat invasion) in 8 patients. At a median followup of 80 months (60-193), 4 patients died of other causes, 4 were lost to follow-up the remaining 37 patients did not develop recurrence and are alive and disease-free. Conclusion: Long-term outcome of surgically resected asymptomatic sporadic NF-pNET < 2 cm is excellent. Atypical resections with limited lymph node dissection may be oncologically adequate. Microscopic local invasion did not impact on the natural history of the disease.
Web Usage Mining to Evaluate the Transfer of Learning in a Web-Based Learning Environment

Application of data mining for web log analysis has received significant attention in finding customers' behavioral pattern in e-commerce and learners' behavioral pattern in e- learning. While hit-counts indicate customers' interest in the product or purchasing behavior, a student's visits to a Learning Management System (LMS) do not necessarily involve transfer of learning. Addressing such complexity in e-learning, this study analyzed students' log of a Learning Management System (LMS) of two subjects at a university in Bangladesh, taught over six weeks duration. Data mining and statistical tools have been used to find relationships between students' LMS access behavior and overall performances. Results show that students having 'Low' access obtained poor grade, on campus access was higher than access from home. Background of students is very important for effective usage of web resources. Majority of the student considered LMS to be a quite helpful tool as teaching-learning method. Preparation and cleaning of the web-log files as well as application of data mining algorithms is important for learners' web usage analysis.
Oligomerization and phase transitions in aqueous solutions of native and truncated human beta B1-crystallin.

Human βB1-crystallin is a major eye-lens protein that undergoes in vivo truncation at the N-terminus with aging. By studying native βB1 and truncated βB1ΔN41, which mimics an age-related in vivo truncation, we have determined quantitatively the effect of truncation on the oligomerization and phase transition properties of βB1 aqueous solutions. The oligomerization studies show that the energy of attraction between the βB1ΔN41 proteins is about 10% greater than that of the βB1 proteins. We have found that βB1ΔN41 aqueous solutions undergo two distinct types of phase transitions. The first phase transition involves an initial formation of thin rodlike assemblies, which then evolve to form crystals. The induction time for the formation of rodlike assemblies is sensitive to oligomerization. The second phase transition can be described as liquid−liquid phase separation (LLPS) accompanied by gelation within the protein-rich phase. We refer to this process as heterogeneous gelation. These two phase transitions a...
Propagation models for 900 MHz cellular systems using portables and mobiles

This paper first deals with available 900 mhz. propagation models as found in the literature. These are mean path loss estimates for street coverage in rural, suburban and urban areas. Effects of log-normal variations are taken into account in estimating total coverage around a cell site. Irregular terrain is considered by estimates of added mean loss as a function of delta H, the height between 10% and 90% of the terrain variations. Path loss estimates using discrete terrain data are next considered. Model variations providing changes in mean level that follow building density variations from urban to rural are given. Calculated values are compared to measured data taken in the Washington Baltimore area. Available map data is used to apply mixed urban and suburban models to the calculation of mean path loss to illustrate improvements in accuracy of prediction. The additional mobility of the portable relative to a mobile is taken into account by estimates of in-building losses. These losses are taken relative to outside street or sidewalk mean levels. Recent results of measurements are given in which provisions are made for both first floor doorways and for penetration into the building. Estimated margins for the two cases are given and compared to existing literature. A set of criteria suitable for subjective evaluation of portable performance is given in the form of a rating table. Results of using this rating system in the Washington Baltimore area are given for nearly 50 locations using three base sites as sources.
Canonical transformations of local functionals and sh-Lie structures

Abstract In many Lagrangian field theories, there is a Poisson bracket on the space of local functionals. One may identify the fields of such theories as sections of a vector bundle. It is known that the Poisson bracket induces an sh-Lie structure on the graded space of horizontal forms on the jet bundle of the relevant vector bundle. We consider those automorphisms of the vector bundle which induce mappings on the space of functionals preserving the Poisson bracket and refer to such automorphisms as canonical automorphisms. We determine how such automorphisms relate to the corresponding sh-Lie structure. If a Lie group acts on the bundle via canonical automorphisms, there are induced actions on the space of local functionals and consequently on the corresponding sh-Lie algebra. We determine conditions under which the sh-Lie structure induces an sh-Lie structure on a corresponding reduced space where the reduction is determined by the action of the group. These results are not directly a consequence of the corresponding theorems on Poisson manifolds as none of the algebraic structures are Poisson algebras.
Molecular weight distribution of RNA fractionated on aqueous and 70% formamide surose gradients.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses that sucrose gradient centrifugation has been used for many years to fractionate RNA according to size. It has also been known for many years that, under nondenaturing conditions, there is no simple relation between RNA sedimentation constants and molecular weights. This observation has been confirmed more recently in studies of eukaryotic mRNAs, which exhibit anomalous sedimentation rates relative to ribosomal RNA on aqueous sucrose gradients. The chapter reviews that aqueous sucrose gradients are still being used to analyze the size distribution of nuclear RNA. The MW distribution of pulse-labeled RNA is also analyzed and found that RNA with MW's equal to and greater than 2 × l06 sediment as low as 20S on both aqueous and 70% formamide sucrose gradients. Thus, it is quite contrary to the observation that large nuclear RNA sediments too slowly relative to rRNA on fully denaturing Me2SO gradients, the former actually sediments too slowly on nondenaturing or partially denaturing sucrose gradients.
Shaping EU-Mercosur Relations

EU policy due to deeply embedded norms of liberalism and protectionism as well as external policies focused on development and promoting regional integration has shaped EU-Mercosur relations and marks a stark contrast to US policy toward the region as the historic hegemon. The following utilizes historical institutionalism to understand how liberal tenants of EU competition policy as well as the protectionism of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) have shaped EU-Mercosur relations. In particular, we shall examine Spain’s role spearheading efforts to promote EU-Latin American relations and how EU competition policy’s breaking up of monopolies in Europe spurred increased investment in Latin America, especially the Southern Cone, prompting the EU to forge closer ties with Mercosur utilizing cooperation and development programs as well as promoting regional integration and liberal trade in Latin America.
SERS-based hydrogel sensors for pH and enzymatic substrates

A sensing hydrogel for potential implantation was demonstrated using pH-sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) reporters. The gold nanoparticle-based pH probes were encapsulated within polyelectrolyte multilayer microcapsules and embedded in a hydrogel matrix. These sensors were fully characterized for pH sensitivity and reproducibility. They were further combined with glucose oxidase (co-encapsulated with the nanoparticles) to generate a glucose-sensitive response, and the Raman signals of the system were recorded in the physiological glucose range (0–400 mg/dL). The results demonstrate SERS based sensing via pH sensitive Raman molecule modified gold nanoparticles (MBA-AuNPs) encapsulated within hydrogels. Further, upon incorporation of GOx, a pH decrease was observed due to glucose oxidization. However, the diffusion-reaction system will need to be better balanced to achieve a more glucose-proportional change for steady-state pH.
Geography and Local (Dis)Advantage: Evidence from Muni Bond Funds

We use the geographically-constrained holdings of single-state municipal-bond mutual funds in order to compare the performance of local and non-local mutual fund managers. In general, we find that local managers display worse performance and significantly different risk profiles than non-local fund managers. Despite their lower returns overall, locally-managed muni bond funds display a relative advantage in markets that are financially illiquid, spatially compact, and with more population. Overall, locally-managed muni bond funds may survive in a competitive market for investment management because they provide a product that is relatively low-cost, more financially stable, and with distinct benefits in certain regional markets.
An efficient modular algorithm for coupled nonlinear systems

We present an efficient modular algorithm for solving the coupled system G(u,t)=0 and N(u,t)=0 where u∈Rn, t∈Rm, G:Rn×Rm→Rn and N: Rn×Rm→Rm. The algorithm is modular in the sense that it only makes use of the basic iteration S of a general solver for the equation G(u,t)=0 with t fixed. It is therefore well-suited for problems for which such a solver already exists or can be implemented more efficiently than a solver for the coupled system. Local convergence results are given. Basically, if S is sufficiently contractive for G, then convergence for the coupled system is guaranteed. The algorithm is applied to two applications: (1) numerical continuation methods and (2) constrained optimization. Numerical results are given for the case where G represents a nonlinear elliptic operator. Three choices of S are considered: Newton's method, a two-level nonlinear multi-grid solver and a supported Picard iteration.
Can results-based payments reduce corruption?

A common objection to results-based programs is that they are somehow more vulnerable to corruption. This paper explains why results-based approaches to foreign aid may be less vulnerable to corruption than the traditional approaches which monitor and track the purchase and delivery of inputs and activities. The paper begins by classifying different corruption costs and specifically distinguishes the problem of diverted funds from the costs associated with failing to generate benefits. It then characterizes the key differences between traditional input-tracking programs and results-based approaches in terms of how they are supposed to work the implicit risks that preoccupy designers how they function in practice and what this means both for the scale of corruption and the realization of benefits. It then considers the conditions under which one approach or another might be more appropriate. The paper concludes that input-tracking approaches are vulnerable to corruption because they have high failure costs and a weak track record for controlling diverted funds. By contrast results-based approaches are less prone to failure costs and limit the capacity of dishonest agents to divert funds unless those agents first improve efficiency and outputs.
Nanopore Event-Transduction Signal Stabilization for Wide pH Range under Extreme Chaotrope Conditions

Operation of an α-hemolysin nanopore transduction detector is found to be surprisingly robust over a critical range of pH (6-9), including physiological pH = 7.4 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) pH = 8.4, and extreme chaotrope concentration, including 5 M urea. The engineered transducer molecule that is captured in the standard α-hemolysin nanopore detector, to transform it into a transduction detector, appears to play a central role in this stabilization process by stabilizing the channel against gating during its capture. This enables the nanopore transduction detector to operate as a single molecule "nanoscope" in a wide range of conditions, where tracking on molecular state is possible in a variety of different environmental conditions. In the case of streptavidin biosensing, results are shown for detector operation when in the presence of extreme (5 M) urea concentration. Complications involving degenerate states are encountered at higher chaotrope concentrations, but since the degeneracy is only of order two, this is easily absorbed into the classification task as in prior work. This allows useful detector operation over a wide range of conditions relevant to biochemistry, biomedical engineering, and biotechnology.
Retrieval of solid models based on assembly similarity

ABSTRACTThe research objective is to (re)use geometric part information to mine databases for process design information. Specifically, this research investigates an approach to use assembly solid model similarity to mine databases for assembly work instructions from the perspective of an automotive original equipment manufacturer. Results from this research will allow generation of assembly work instructions based on input of a solid model. This research presents an approach to determine similarity between query assembly solid model and database assembly solid models. In this method, similarity scores for the overall assembly solid model are used in conjunction with the similarity score of individual components. These similarity scores are obtained by computing histogram-based similarity scores, surface area differences and tessellation area distribution differences. A multi-index sort of the computed values for each (query-database) pair of assembly solid models results in a list of similar assembly sol...
An Aboriginal Hematite Quarry in Oakland, California

At the junction of Redwood Road and Mountain Boulevard in Oakland, California is an outcrop of rock containing hematite which shows signs of having been worked aboriginally. The exposed stratum measures 30 by 20 feet by 6.5 feet at its highest point. Hematite occurs in almost pure form as thin layers in the main body of rock. Sizeable cavities can be seen at the base of the deposit, indicating where the hematite was chipped out. Fire may have been used as an aid in getting out the ore, this being suggested by the presence of charcoal and smoke blackening. No quarrying tools were found.
COMPARISONS OF LAPLACE SPECTRA, LENGTH SPECTRA AND GEODESIC FLOWS OF SOME RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS

The goal of this article is to discuss relationships between the Laplace spectrum, the length spectrum and the geodesic flow of compact Riemannian manifolds. We will say two compact Riemannian manifolds M1 and M2 are Laplace isospectral if the associated Laplace-Beltrami operators, acting on smooth functions, have the same eigenvalue spectrum. We will say they have C k -conjugate geodesic flows if there exists a C k -diffeomorphism F : S(M1) → S(M2) between the unit tangent bundles which interwines the geodesic flows of M1 and M2. Since the Laplacian may be viewed as the quantum analogue of the classical dynamics, i.e., the geodesic flow, one might expect that Laplace isospectral manifolds would have conjugate geodesic flows. However, this is not the case. For example, flat tori with C 0 -conjugate geodesic flows
L-NNA-sensitive regional cerebral blood flow augmentation during hypercapnia in type III NOS mutant mice

The effect of NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) response to hypercapnia (5% CO2 inhalation) was studied in urethan-anesthetized wild-type (SV-129) and type III nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS)-deficient mice, using laser-Doppler flowmetry and the closed cranial window technique. Resting rCBF during normocapnia decreased by approximately 25% after L-NNA superfusion in wild-type mice only (n = 18), suggesting a role for type III NOS in baseline blood flow. Hypercapnia augmented rCBF approximately 50% in both wild-type and type III NOS mutant mice. L-NNA superfusion (1 mM) inhibited this increase by approximately 60% in both strains. Hence, synthesis of NO by the constitutively expressed type I NOS contributes to blood flow augmentation during hypercapnia.
Impact of a western diet on the ovarian and serum metabolome

Abstract Objective The objective of this investigation was to determine differences in the profiles of endogenous metabolites (metabolomics) among ovaries and serum derived from Old World nonhuman primates fed prudent or Western diets. Design A retrospective, observational study was done using archived ovarian tissue and serum from midlife cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasicularis). Targeted and broad spectrum metabolomics analysis was used to compare ovarian tissue and serum from monkeys that had been exposed to a prudent diet or a Western diet. Monkeys in the prudent diet group (n = 13) were research naive and had been exposed only to a commercial monkey chow diet (low in cholesterol and saturated fats, high in complex carbohydrates). Western diet monkeys (n = 8) had consumed a diet that was high in cholesterol, saturated animal fats and soluble carbohydrates for 2 years prior to ovarian tissue and serum collection. Outcome measures Metabolomic analyses were done on extracts of homogenized ovary tissue samples, and extracts of serum. Targeted analysis was conducted using the Biocrates p180 kit and broad spectrum analysis was conducted using UPLC-TOF-MS, resulting in the detection of 3500 compound ions. Results Using metabolomics methods, which capture thousands of signals for metabolites, 64 metabolites were identified in serum and 47 metabolites were identified in ovarian tissue that differed by diet. Quantitative targeted analysis revealed 13 amino acids, 6 acrylcarnitines, and 2 biogenic amines that were significantly (p Conclusions These data demonstrate that dietary exposure had a significant impact on the serum and ovarian metabolome, and demonstrated perturbation in carnitine, lipids/fatty acid, and amino acid metabolic pathways.
How do we actually put smarter snacks in schools? NOURISH (Nutrition Opportunities to Understand Reforms Involving Student Health) conversations with food-service directors.

Objective In autumn 2012, Massachusetts schools implemented comprehensive competitive food and beverage standards similar to the US Department of Agriculture's Smart Snacks in School standards. We explored major themes raised by food-service directors (FSD) regarding their school-district-wide implementation of the standards. Design For this qualitative study, part of a larger mixed-methods study, compliance was measured via direct observation of foods and beverages during school site visits in spring 2013 and 2014, calculated to ascertain the percentage of compliant products available to students. Semi-structured interviews with school FSD conducted in each year were analysed for major implementation themes; those raised by more than two-thirds of participating school districts were explored in relationship to compliance. Setting Massachusetts school districts (2013: n 26; 2014: n 21). Subjects Data collected from FSD. Results Seven major themes were raised by more than two-thirds of participating school districts (range 69-100 %): taking measures for successful transition; communicating with vendors/manufacturers; using tools to identify compliant foods and beverages; receiving support from leadership; grappling with issues not covered by the law; anticipating changes in sales of competitive foods and beverages; and anticipating changes in sales of school meals. Each theme was mentioned by the majority of more-compliant school districts (65-81 %), with themes being raised more frequently after the second year of implementation (range increase 4-14 %). Conclusions FSD in more-compliant districts were more likely to talk about themes than those in less-compliant districts. Identified themes suggest best-practice recommendations likely useful for school districts implementing the final Smart Snacks in School standards, effective July 2016.
Preliminary study on phylogenetic position and delimitation of the ciliate arthrodontous genera of the moss family Mniaceae

The history of the generic and sectional concepts in the traditional moss family Mniaceae is summarised. The division of the Mniaceae into nine genera has been generally accepted. A phylogenetic analysis, based on 35 Mniaceae samples as ingroup and one Leptostomataceae and three Bryaceae samples as outgroups was completed. A total of 113 new sequences were obtained and 4139 aligned characters were included in the combined dataset. Bayesian inferences based on the combined data set showed five well supported clades, which, as a whole, form the monophyletic family Mniaceae. The number of genera in the traditional Mniaceae is 9 and the number of species is 74. All the genera appear monophyletic except Plagiomnium; accepting Orthomnion at the generic level makes Plagiomnium paraphyletic. The principle that only monophyletic taxa are allowed and may be named necessitates the uniting of Plagiomnium and Orthomnion. The necessary combinations are made. The taxonomy of the genera and sections is discussed. Rhizomn...
“Just one bad high:” considering synthetic cannabinoid outcome expectancies in adolescents

Background/Objectives Certain medical consequences seem unique to synthetic cannabinoid (SC) and not cannabis use. We report the case of an adolescent, whose drug expectancies appear to minimize the severity of SC-related adverse events. Methods/Results An 18-year-old male presented with altered mental status and seizure, complicated by respiratory failure. He was stabilized and on discharge, despite counseling on the harms of SC usage, the patient planned to resume use, insisting that the hospitalization was “just one bad high”. Discussion/Conclusions/Scientific Significance Diminished negative expectancies related to SC use among adolescents may reflect generalizations from cannabis. Effective interventions should counter cannabis-related expectancies of minimal harm. (Am J Addict 2016;XX:1–3)
Vascular access placement in patients with chronic kidney disease Stages 4 and 5 attending an inner city nephrology clinic: a cohort study and survey of providers

The majority of incident hemodialysis (HD) patients initiate dialysis via catheters. We sought to identify factors associated with initiating hemodialysis with a functioning arterio-venous (AV) access. We conducted a retrospective chart review of all adult patients, age >18 years seeing a nephrologist with a diagnosis of CKD stage 4 or 5 during the study period between 06/01/2011 and 08/31/2013 to evaluate the placement of an AV access, initiation of dialysis and we conducted a survey of providers about the process. The 221 patients (56% female) in the study had median age of 66 years (interquartile range (IQR), 57–75) and were followed for a median of 1.26 years (IQR 0.6–1.68). At study entry, 81%had CKD stage 4 and 19% had CKD stage 5. By the end of study, 48 patients had initiated dialysis. Thirty-four of the patients started dialysis with a catheter (1 failed and 10 maturing AVFs), 9 with an AVF and 5 with an AVG. During the study period, 61 total AV accesses were placed (54 AVF and 7 AVG). A higher urinary protein/ creatinine ratio and a lower eGFR were associated with AV access placement and dialysis initiation. A greater number of nephrology visits were associated with AV access creation but not dialysis initiation. Hospitalizations and hospitalizations with an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) were strongly associated with dialysis initiation (odds ratio (OR) 13.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3 to 73.3, p-value = 0.004) and OR 6.6 (95% CI 1.9 to 22.8, p-value = 0.003)). More frequent nephrology clinic visits for patients with a recent hospitalization may improve rates of placement of an AV access. A hospitalization with AKI is strongly associated with the need for dialysis initiation. Nephrologists may not be referring the correct patients to get an AV access surgery.
Multi-functional photonic crystal sensors enabled by biological silica (Conference Presentation)

Diatoms are microalgae found in every habitat where water is present. They produce 40% of the ocean’s yearly production of organic carbon and 20% of the oxygen that we breathe. Their abundance and wide distribution make them ideal materials for a wide range of applications as living organisms. In our previous work, we have demonstrated that diatom biosilica with self-assembled silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can be used as ultra-sensitive, low-cost substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing. The enhancement comes from the photonic crystal enhancement of diatom frustules that could improve the hot-spots of Ag NPs. In this work, we report the unique micro-fluidic flow, analyte concentration effect, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) on diatom biosilica, which enables selection, separation, detection, and analysis of complex chemical and biological samples. Particularly, we show that the microscopic fluidic flow induced by the evaporation of liquid droplet can concentrate the analyte and achieve label-free sensing of single molecule detection of R6G and label-free sensing of 4.5×10-17g trinitrotoluene (TNT) from only 200 nano-liter solution. We also demonstrated a facile method for instant on-site separation and detection of analytes by TLC in tandem with SERS spectroscopy using high density diatom thin film. This lab-on-chip technology has been successfully applied for label-free detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from human plasma and histamine from salmon fish. Our research suggests that such cost-effective, multi-functional photonic crystal sensors enabled by diatom biosilica opens a new route for lab-on-chip systems and possess significant engineering potentials for chemical and biological sensing.
Colorful Disclosures: Identifying Identity-Based Differences and Enhancing Critical Consciousness in Supervision

ABSTRACTManaging microaggressions and marginalizing experiences while negotiating the ongoing oppression that occurs in micro, mezzo, and macro settings can be particularly challenging for clinicians of color. Thus, supervision with clinicians of color must include affirmation, empowerment, and exploration of the intracultural/intercultural dynamics inherent in the treatment-providing process and clinical supervision. Through case studies, autoethnographic studies of our supervision experiences, and interviews with supervisors and supervisees, we reflect on how axes of identity, including race, power, and privilege, inform practitioners’ clinical lenses and affect their vulnerability in treatment and the clinical supervision dyad. Special attention is placed on the clinical supervisor–clinician–client triad (the triple process) and the interpersonal dynamics of cultural sensitivity, cultural humility, and authentic responsiveness that supervisors aim to model and cultivate in the supervisory relationship....
Real-time fault isolation in multiphase multilevel NPC converters using active semi-supervised fuzzy clustering algorithm with pairwise constraints

A new methodology to improve the performance of real-time open switch fault isolation scheme in multilevel multiphase converters has been proposed in this paper. Within the presented framework, the fault is detected by a model-based method using self-recurrent wavelet neural network. Afterward, a semi-supervised fuzzy clustering technique is applied to locate the failed switch while multiresolution wavelet analysis is used for feature extraction. Presented method offers the ability to detect the fault online and minimizes the isolation time without deploying extra hardware. In comparison with supervised classifiers to locate the failed switches, the proposed scheme requires significantly fewer data collected under fault operation to train the clustering model. The developed scheme has been validated by different fault scenarios on MATLAB simulations as well as on a lab prototype including a five-phase induction motor fed by a 3-level 5-phase neutral point clamped inverter. The results have demonstrated that the method is a promising fault diagnosis scheme for multilevel multiphase drives in less than 500 microsecond isolation time which is about 1% of the fundamental period of currents.
How the Word Gap Argument Negatively Impacts Young Children of Latinx Immigrants' Conceptualizations of Learning.

Early childhood education in grades preK–3 continues to contribute to future school success. Discrimination, however, can still be an obstacle for many children of Latinx immigrants because they often receive less sophisticated and dynamic learning experiences than their white, native-born peers. In this article, Jennifer Keys Adair, Kiyomi Sanchez-Suzuki Colegrove, and Molly E. McManus detail how this type of educational discrimination is perpetuated by educators' acceptance of the “word gap” discourse. Drawing on empirical work with more than two hundred superintendents, administrators, teachers, parents, and young children, they recount how caring, experienced educators explained that Latinx immigrant students could not handle dynamic, agentic learning experiences because they lacked vocabulary and how the children in those classrooms said that learning required still, obedient, and quiet bodies. Rather than blaming educators, the authors share this empirical evidence to demonstrate the harm that can c...
Rip current literacy of beachgoers at Miami Beach, Florida

Rip currents are fast moving, offshore flows that have the ability to move even the strongest swimmers into deeper waters. Miami Beach, Florida is one of the most visited beaches in the USA and a sought after destination for citizens and international tourists alike. It is also known to be a rip current “hot spot.” These factors greatly increase the risk of drowning; however, no previous research has focused on beachgoer perception of rip-related risks in South Florida. Over a 12-month period, 203 public surveys were collected to determine the rip current knowledge of beachgoers at Miami Beach based on factors such as swimming ability and frequency of beach visits. The responses were analyzed by constructing a normalized component factor to determine the respondent’s comprehensive knowledge of rips, and multiple regression models were used to assess the net influences of sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics on the responses. A significant proportion of the survey respondents showed insufficient knowledge, indicating they are at risk of drowning in a rip current. Frequent beachgoer’s exposure to the beach environment, maturation, and nativity is identified as the main contributors to knowledge net of other sociodemographic compositions. The most at-risk groups were determined to be young adults, foreign tourists, poor swimmers, and those who infrequently visited the beach. Miami Beach needs to initiate a rip current safety campaign to target these at-risk beachgoers, where interventions beyond familial and educational institutions should be introduced.
Mechanical and Biochemical Role of Fibrin Within a Venous Thrombus

Background The physical properties of a venous thrombus are derived from molecular characteristics, including fibrin polymer diameter, density, branching, and cross-linking. Dense thrombi with thin, highly branched fibrin fibres and small pores in the meshwork have been observed to be more rigid, less permeable, and more resistant to lysis. The three dimensional fibrin meshwork acts as the main structure to entrap and capture erythrocytes, platelets and plasma components. Attached factors become integrated into the developing thrombus, co-localise with fibrin deposition and act in either a pro- or anticoagulant capacity. Similarly, factors including blood flow, osmolarity and pH, oxidative stress, platelet and leukocyte recruitment, and thrombin concentration alter thrombus composition, architecture, and its mechanical properties. Conclusions Over time, an increase in thrombus cellular composition and a linear decrease in fibrin content as a function of thrombus age is observed. However, little else is known regarding the evolution of fibrin based clots. The role of fibrin in mediating cellular coordination, thrombus maturation, and changes of the venous wall also requires further research. This review discusses the current impact of fibrin on thrombus remodeling and addresses the limitations of the work done in this area.
Using Ultrasonic Telemetry to Determine Home Range of a Coral-Reef Fish

Recent advances in telemetry allow the tracking of larger numbers of individuals over longer periods of time to reveal information about home range, spawning distribution, movement patterns, and habitat preference. Identifying and defining specific research objectives and parameters prior to initiating a telemetry study is critical. This paper outlines a series of topics that, when answered systematically, will assist in identifying a telemetry system appropriate to investigate and determine the home range of a coral-reef fish. An investigation of the home range of Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) in the Bahamas is presented as a case study with points considered important to the success of the study. The materials and methods section directly applies elements of the case study. Results include a summary of the twenty two adult (>40 cm TL) Nassau grouper tracked by a radio-linked acoustic positioning buoy system. Mean number of position fixes was 3420 ± 1795 (SE) per fish ranging from 1032–7493. Data were analyzed using the Animal Movement Analysis Extension for Arcview®. Total cumulative home range increased less than 2% daily on tracking days 14–18 and less than 1% daily on tracking days 18–21. The mean home range area as determined by 95% minimum convex polygon (MCP) method for the Nassau grouper was 18305 m2 ± 5806 (SE); the smallest home range was 1565 m2 and the largest was 131805 m2.
The Treasure Hunt: A New Look at the Capstone Course

(1996). The Treasure Hunt: A New Look at the Capstone Course. Hospitality & Tourism Educator: Vol. 8, No. 2-3, pp. 85-89.
Computer-aided dosage form design. III. Feasibility assessment for an oral prolonged-release phenytoin product.

Previous publications described computer-aided methodology for assessing the feasibility of designing prolonged release oral dosage forms containing linear-disposition drugs. Those methods determined all useful release rates and examined those rates to decide whether product development was warranted. The present study developed software to obtain similar information for phenytoin, which exhibits Michaelis–Menten disposition. The values for V max, K m, and V d in 27 patients were employed to assess the ability of prolonged absorption to maintain steady-state plasma concentrations between 10 and 20 mg/liter following oral administration at 8-, 12-, and 24-hr intervals. Phenytoin steady-state plasma concentrations in this range were controlled by elimination and were not extended by prolonged absorption. Furthermore, single i.v. bolus doses resulting in an initial plasma level of 20 mg/liter provided concentrations above 10 mg/liter for ~1 to 3 days. When an oral multiple-dose regimen was found to maintain steady-state concentrations between 10 and 20 mg/liter, that dose and interval produced concentrations within that range regardless of the absorption rate. While absorption rate was not important, each patient’s dose ranges were extremely narrow, emphasizing that dose size was the dominant factor in the control of phenytoin levels.
Internet use is associated with utilization of genetic counseling for BRCA 1/2 mutations in women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer

10654 Background: Women obtain breast cancer risk information from a variety of sources including mass media, the internet and personal and professional sources. Little is know about how internet u...
Infrared spectroscopy of coordination and solvation in Cu+(C2H4)n (n = 1-9) complexes

Abstract Copper-ethylene ion-molecule complexes are produced by laser vaporization of a copper rod in a pulsed supersonic expansion of ethylene and argon. The ions are mass selected and studied via infrared laser photodissociation spectroscopy in the C H stretching region (2600–3400 cm−1). Argon tagging is employed to study the spectra of the n = 1–3 complexes. Spectra of complexes containing four to nine ligands are measured by the elimination of ethylene. Density functional theory calculations are carried out in support of the experimental spectroscopy. The symmetric C H stretches of a free ethylene were found to red shift by about 30 cm−1 in the spectra of Cu+(C2H4) and Cu+(C2H4)2. Cu+(C2H4)3 is found to represent a fully- coordinated copper cation. Its C H stretches are found to blue shift by 10 to 20 cm−1 as a result of steric crowding. In larger complexes, the three-coordinate core ion incorporates additional ethylene "solvent" molecules through cation-π and CH-π interactions. These weak interactions only slightly perturb the vibrations of the external ligands.
Autophagosome immunoisolation from GFP-LC3B mouse tissue

We describe a protocol for rapid and efficient enrichment of autophagosomes from various tissues of the GFP-LC3 mouse. In order to increase the number of autophagosomes, we block autophagy flux in ...
High-rate discharge of poly 3-methylthiophene cathodes in inorganic electrolytes

Lithium cells with thin film electrodes of poly 3-methylthiophene were discharged at high current densities in electrolytes containing either sulphur dioxide, thionyl chloride, or sulphuryl chloride. Highest capactiy was obtained with thionyl chloride electrolyte for current densities as high as 30 mA cm−2 (up to 600 W cm−3). Cells containing sulphur dioxide electrolyte were rechargeable, but constant current discharge performance was less than in either thionyl chloride or sulphuryl chloride. However, pulse discharge in sulphur dioxide permitted comparable power densities to be achieved, and reproducible results were obtained over many cycles.
Quantum Reality, Spiritual Concepts, and Modern Optics Experiments

Truth is One; wise men call it by various names. Both religious/spiritual philosophers and modern scientists have the same goal – pursuit of the ultimate truth. Science looks at “objective reality” independent of the human observer, whereas old Indian mystics adopted a holistic approach involving the observer and the observed – isolating the two is arbitrary. In terms of basic concepts, quantum theory contains some parallels to Hindu scriptures – the fuzzy and nebulous world of atoms sharpens into the world of reality only when an observation is made, similar to the Hindu concept of Aham Brahmasmi (I am Brahman). The well-known Schrodinger’s cat is a thought experiment illustrating this bizarre concept. The famous physicist John Wheeler’s thought experiment about the observer creating even retroactive reality is spectacularly confirmed by recent experiments on helium atoms scattered by laser light. Abstract concepts in Hindu scriptures are getting translated to real-world objective demonstrations in modern science and technology. For example, the Sanskrit sloka “Om Pūrṇamadaḥ, Pūrṇamidam, Pūrṇāt Pūrṇamudacyate, Pūrṇasya Pūrṇamādāya, Pūrṇamev āvaśiṣyate” can be illustrated by a hologram (Pūrṇa or Whole) recorded by coherent light generated by lasers. The śloka implies: That (pure universal consciousness) is full (perfect); this (manifest universe of matter, individual consciousness) is full. This fullness has been projected from that fullness; what remains is fullness. When the hologram is illuminated by light, the whole event is displayed as virtual reality, close to the concept of Māyā. One can cut the hologram into any number of small pieces; each piece contains the whole information and displays the event sharply.
Biomarker of Collagen Turnover (C-Terminal Telopeptide) and Prognosis in Patients With Non- ST -Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes.

Background Small studies have suggested an association between markers of collagen turnover and adverse outcomes in heart failure (HF). We examined C‐terminal telopeptide (beta‐CTx) and the risk of...
Minimally Invasive Tubular Tethered Cord Release in the Pediatric Population

Background Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) refers to a clinical constellation of signs and symptoms associated with tension in the spinal cord and associated with pathologies related to abnormally low-lying conus medullaris. As minimally invasive spinal operations have become more prevalent in the past decade, we applied expanding indications to selected intradural procedures, such as tethered cord release (TCR). We present the first series of minimally invasive muscle-sparing TCR in the pediatric population. Methods A retrospective review of the Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, neurosurgical database was conducted for patients who underwent TCR between 2010 and 2017. Charts were reviewed to determine the source of TCS and whether surgery was conducted in a minimally invasive fashion. To establish a cohort of control population, age-matched cases of open TCR were selected in the same. Exclusion criterion was non-fatty filum sources of TCS. The length of stay, operative time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative complications were recorded. Results Eleven patients underwent minimally invasive TCR. Mean age of the patients was 10.1 years. All patients underwent L4-5 tubular laminotomy and cord detethering by 2 pediatric neurosurgeons at Texas Children's Hospital. The average length of stay in the hospital was 2.6 days. The average operative time was 167 minutes and average estimated blood loss was 8.2 mL. Ten patients reported clinical improvement and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. Conclusions Minimally invasive TCR is a safe and represents a viable alternative to the open approach with advantages such as minimal estimated blood loss, shortened length of stay, and postoperative pain control.
Educational Networking: A Novel Discipline for Improved K-12 Learning Based on Social Networks

Based on a systematic review of over a decade (2004–2019) of educational research on K-12 teaching and teacher learning with social media, this chapter reports on the state-of-the-art of social networking in education. Through analyzing 56 research articles, we address the following questions: (1) What social networking platforms are used by K-12 educators? (2) What specific features of those platforms are used by teachers and/or their students? (3) For what educational purposes do teachers adopt social networking? (4) What does learning look like in these spaces? This work contributes insights towards defining how educational networking benefits teachers both in the classroom and as a part of their professional development and challenges our perceptions of the role of educational networking in teachers’ informal learning. Few platforms are covered in depth in the literature (i.e., Twitter, Facebook, Edmodo) with inconsistent exploration of specific features (e.g., liking, retweeting). We describe trends in depictions of teacher and student learning, noting the high reliance on self-reported changes in practice, motivation, and attitude. Further research is needed to explore the application of specific social networking features in educational contexts and to expand our understanding of meaningful learning and participation in educational networking spaces.