cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
On Being a Psycho-Oncologist: A Counseling Psychology Perspective

This special issue of TCP focuses on the psychological and psychosocial components of coping with cancer and its aftermath. Psycho-oncology, a subspecialty within professional psychology, is a multidisciplinary field emphasizing the psychological and social aspects of cancer. In this introductory article, I show the congruence between counseling psychology and psycho-oncology, indicate how counseling psychologists can expand their parameters of practice to include cancer patients and families, and explain what evidence-based resources are needed to acquire relevant background knowledge. Health care reform changes—in general and oncology-specific—are explained as they currently open new opportunities for counseling psychologists in psycho-oncology. Finally, the five articles that make up this special issue are previewed. Psycho-oncology is a challenging yet rewarding subspecialty within counseling psychology, congruent with its values and parameters of practice, and now is an opportune time to expand one’s...
Desirability Of Electro-Optic Materials For Guided-Wave Optics

An illustrative, device-systems-level desirability optimization analysis is performed for a number of important electro-optic materials that are candidates for use in high-speed guided-wave optical devices. Ferroelectric materials with high and low transition temperatures, cubic crystals, organic crystals, and alloy semiconductors are considered. The simple bulk (lumped-type) guided-wave phase modulator is taken as the initial screening device. Performance measures such as electrical power supply constraints and the device's maximum operating speed are analyzed as a function of system variables that include material properties and electrode architectures. A desirability analysis is presented as a composite mathematical function that describes two or more indepen-dent performance measures in terms of all relevant system variables. This function is displayed graphically to identify those sets of system variables that jointly optimize the performance measures of greatest interest. The initial screening analysis ignores propagation loss and less-than-ideal overlap between electrical and optical fields. Potassium niobate, barium titanate, and lithium niobate are found to be among the more desirable electro-optic materials. The use of dielectric buffer layers, several thousand angstroms thick, is found necessary to isolate the modulator electrodes from materials of high dielectric constant, high electro-optic strength such as potassium niobate. Buffer layers, however, are generally unnecessary when the lower permittivity and lower electro-optic strength materials such as lithium niobate are used.
Trust and customer willingness to provide information in database-driven relationship marketing

Abstract As organizations continue to embrace the concept of building customer relationships as a way of creating a competitive advantage, they seek to understand what makes a customer relationship successful. This article reports the results of a survey of consumers that explores one construct—trust in the organization—and its role in customers’ perception of their relationship with an organization. In addition, trust in the organization and its influence on customers’ willingness to provide the information necessary to help build a strong relationship is examined. The findings provide some support for the role of trust in building relationships, as well as identifying which factors are important in building that trust.
Vapor pressure of solid polybrominated diphenyl ethers determined via Knudsen effusion method

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants used in a variety of consumer products. The solid vapor pressures of BDE 15 and BDE 209 were determined by using the Knudsen effusion method, and the values measured extrapolated to 298.15 K are 3.12 × 10−3 and 9.02 × 10−13 Pa, respectively. The enthalpies of sublimation for these compounds have also been estimated by using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and are 102.0 ± 3.5 and 157.1 ± 3.5 kJ/mol, respectively. In addition, the melting points and enthalpies of fusion were measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2216–2219. © 2011 SETAC
Statistical data reduction for efficient application performance monitoring

There is a growing need for systems that can monitor and analyze application performance data automatically in order to deliver reliable and sustained performance to applications. However, the continuously growing complexity of high performance computer systems and applications makes this process difficult. We introduce a statistical data reduction method that can be used to guide the selection of system metrics that are both necessary and sufficient to describe observed application behavior, thus reducing the instrumentation perturbation and data volume to be managed. To evaluate our strategy, we applied it to one CPU-bound grid application using cluster machines and GridFTP data transfer in a wide area testbed. A comparative study shows that our strategy produces better results than other techniques. It can reduce the number of system metrics to be managed by about 80%, while still capturing enough information for performance predictions.
Subways and Land Use

This paper develops a general equilibrium model of a city with two transportation modes. One mode is land intensive, that is, roads, while the second is land economizing, that is, subways. The effects of subway construction on land values and land uses in a metropolitan area are discussed. An important implication is that, if a subway system is worth constructing, it will have a suburbanizing effect on the city. In addition there will be considerable impact on housing prices and land values, but these changes will not totally offset each other.
Left Atrial Wall Hematoma/Dissection After Mitral Valve Replacement

A 63-year-old woman with a significant history of rheumatic mitral stenosis/regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, and giant left atrium (LA; 90 mm in diameter) underwent mitral valve replacement with a mechanical valve, tricuspid annuloplasty, and LA appendage closure. The mitral valve was approached by a conventional left atriotomy from the right side of the LA. The postoperative course was uneventful initially, and the patient was extubated on postoperative day 1. On postoperative day 2, however, acute hemodynamic deterioration occurred that required reintubation and a high dose of inotropes. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large mass in the LA that occupied almost the entire LA cavity (Figure …
Theory of a synchronously pumped mode-locked dye laser in the short pump pulse limit

We study the operation of a synchronously pumped mode-locked dye laser when the pump pulse is taken as a Dirac delta function, a limit that is sometimes experimentally reasonable. We find that in this limit the model simplifies considerably and that with further assumptions the physical interpretation of synchronously pumped mode-locked operation becomes apparent. Specifically, our nonlinear dynamical model reduces to the same set of equations that govern a prepumped Q-switched laser, and from this simple picture we are able to derive approximate analytic formulas for the synchronously pumped mode-locked laser pulse width and peak intensity. Additionally, we present a closed-form solution for the output pulse in the limit of zero-cavity-length mismatch between the pump laser and the dye laser.
Statistical models for the induction and use of selectional preferences

Selectional preferences have a long history in both generative and computational linguistics. However, since the publication of Resnik's dissertation in 1993, a new approach has surfaced in the computational linguistics community. This new line of research combines knowledge represented in a pre-defined semantic class hierarchy with statistical tools including information theory, statistical modeling, and Bayesian inference. These tools are used to learn selectional preferences from examples in a corpus. Instead of simple sets of semantic classes, selectional preferences are viewed as probability distributions over various entities. We survey research that extends Resnik's initial work, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, and show how they together form a cohesive line of research.
Changes in pH, acids, sugars and other quality parameters during extended vine holding of ripe processing tomatoes.

BACKGROUND: Two important quality attributes of processing tomatoes are pH and titratable acidity. These and other quality attributes can be affected by tomato fruit maturity and over-maturity. We have determined the magnitude of these maturity effects in four processing tomato cultivars commonly grown in California. RESULTS:Allowingtomatoestoremainonthevineforupto4weeksafterripeningresultedinanincreaseinfruitpHofbetween 0.01 and 0.02 unit per day for the four cultivars examined. The increase in pH was paralleled by a decrease in titratable acidity, due to a loss of citric acid. Glucose and fructose concentrations also declined with increasing maturity after ripening. Other quality parameters (color, lycopene, total pectin, pectin solubility, and Bostwick consistency) all showed little change. CONCLUSION: Vine holding of ripe fruit adversely affects quality, especially pH and titratable acidity. Recent problems with high tomato juice pH encountered by tomato processors in California could be the result of increased average fruit maturity at harvest. c � 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
A multimedia document filing system

This multimedia document filing system employs a dual modeling approach. The dual model consists of a document type hierarchy and a folder organization. Document type hierarchy is used to specify document types based on the analysis of layout, conceptual and content structures, and users define their own folder organization, which is used to store frame instances and the high level conceptual information of documents. A storage architecture is presented to integrate the document type hierarchy, the folder organization and the original document storage as a three level storage system, which in turn supports effective document searches. Document retrieval can be conceptual-based or content-based. Users are allowed to specify criteria for governing the document filing. An agent-based architecture for implementing the folder organization and the basic operations for constructing and reorganizing a folder organization are proposed.
Calculation of electron propagation in heterostructures

Abstract Analytical and numerical methods in the theory of quantum-mechanical propagation of electrons in parallel-geometry heterostructures, allowing for inhomogeneous effective mass and including interfaces, are presented: An algorithm for numerical computation of transmission probability, a treatment of the residual reflection probability in a graded structure, a discussion of resonant tunneling, and a general quantum-mechanical formulation of tunneling theory.
Complications of digital and lesser metatarsal surgery.

Deformity of the digits and lesser metatarsals is a common surgical problem presenting to the foot and ankle surgeon. Although elective operative management is usually straightforward, even the most routine cases carry the risk of surgical complication, spanning from the simple to the devastating. Numerous complications associated with many of the common forefoot procedures have been well documented in the literature, as well as from observations by individual surgeons in the course of thousands of operative procedures. Although frequently defined as iatrogenic, complications may more often be related to systemic medical, structural, biologic, or biomechanical causes. Although sound clinical judgment and surgical skills can help prevent many intraoperative complications, a thorough preoperative evaluation of the patient is critical for a successful surgical outcome. This article discusses preventative measures through the preoperative evaluation of the patient, and examines the subsets of complications that may occur after lesser ray surgery that pose a particular management challenge, as well as special complications specific to particular operative techniques.
Identification of Mistuning Characteristics of Bladed Disks From Free Response Data — Part II

The focus of the present investigation is on the estimation of the dynamic properties, i.e. masses, stiffnesses, natural frequencies, mode shapes and their statistical distributions, of turbomachine blades to be used in the accurate prediction of the forced response of mistuned bladed disks. As input to this process, it is assumed that the lowest natural frequencies of the blades alone have been experimentally measured, for example in a broach block test.Since the number of measurements is always less than the number of unknowns, this problem is indeterminate in nature. Three distinct approaches will be investigated to resolve the shortfall of data. The first one relies on the imposition of as many constraints as needed to insure a unique solution to this identification problem. Specifically, the mode shapes and modal masses of the blades are set to their design/tuned counterparts while the modal stiffnesses are varied from blade-to-blade to match the measured natural frequencies. The second approach, based on the maximum likelihood principle, yields estimates of all the structural parameters of the blades through the minimization of a specified “cost function”. Finally, the third approach provides a bridge between the first two methods being based on the second but yielding a mistuning model similar to that of the first approach. The accuracy of these three techniques in predicting the forced response of mistuned bladed disks will be assessed on simple dynamic models of the blades.Copyright © 1999 by ASME
Blowing Snow as a Natural Glaciogenic Cloud Seeding Mechanism

AbstractWinter storms are often accompanied by strong winds, especially over complex terrain. Under such conditions freshly fallen snow can be readily suspended. Most of that snow will be redistributed across the landscape (e.g., behind obstacles), but some may be lofted into the turbulent boundary layer, and even into the free atmosphere in areas of boundary layer separation near terrain crests, or in hydraulic jumps. Blowing snow ice crystals, mostly small fractured particles, thus may enhance snow growth in clouds. This may explain why shallow orographic clouds, with cloud-top temperatures too high for significant ice initiation, may produce (usually light) snowfall with remarkable persistence. While drifting snow has been studied extensively, the impact of blowing snow on precipitation on snowfall itself has not.Airborne radar and lidar data are presented to demonstrate the presence of blowing snow, boundary layer separation, and the glaciation of shallow supercooled orographic clouds. Further evidenc...
Nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase interactions in cartilage and meniscus : Relationships to joint physiology, arthritis, and tissue repair

Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are painful and debilitating diseases with complex pathophysiology. There is growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha) and mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and nitric oxide) play critical roles in the development and perpetuation of tissue inflammation and damage in joint tissues such as articular cartilage and meniscus. While earlier studies have generally focused on cells of the synovium (especially macrophages), there is increasing evidence that chondrocytes and meniscal cells actively contribute to inflammatory processes. In particular, it is now apparent that mechanical forces engendered by joint loading are transduced to biological signals at the cellular level and that these signals modulate gene expression and biochemical processes. Here we give an overview of the interplay of cytokines and mechanical stress in the production of cyclooxygenases and prostaglandins; lipoxygenases and leukotrienes; and nitric oxide synthases and nitric oxide in arthritis, with particular focus on the interactions of these pathways in articular cartilage and meniscus.
The Experience of Several Cities in Implementing a Commuter Tax

The author looks at the experiences of the state of New Hampshire, New York City, San Francisco, and the District of Columbia with commuter taxes on nonresidents.
Computational methods for ubiquitination site prediction using physicochemical properties of protein sequences.

Ubiquitination is a very important process in protein post-translational modification, which has been widely investigated by biology scientists and researchers. Different experimental and computational methods have been developed to identify the ubiquitination sites in protein sequences. This paper aims at exploring computational machine learning methods for the prediction of ubiquitination sites using the physicochemical properties (PCPs) of amino acids in the protein sequences. We first establish six different ubiquitination data sets, whose records contain both ubiquitination sites and non-ubiquitination sites in variant numbers of protein sequence segments. In particular, to establish such data sets, protein sequence segments are extracted from the original protein sequences used in four published papers on ubiquitination, while 531 PCP features of each extracted protein sequence segment are calculated based on PCP values from AAindex (Amino Acid index database) by averaging PCP values of all amino acids on each segment. Various computational machine-learning methods, including four Bayesian network methods (i.e., Naive Bayes (NB), Feature Selection NB (FSNB), Model Averaged NB (MANB), and Efficient Bayesian Multivariate Classifier (EBMC)) and three regression methods (i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)), are then applied to the six established segment-PCP data sets. Five-fold cross-validation and the Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) are employed to evaluate the ubiquitination prediction performance of each method. Results demonstrate that the PCP data of protein sequences contain information that could be mined by machine learning methods for ubiquitination site prediction. The comparative results show that EBMC, SVM and LR perform better than other methods, and EBMC is the only method that can get AUCs greater than or equal to 0.6 for the six established data sets. Results also show EBMC tends to perform better for larger data. Machine learning methods have been employed for the ubiquitination site prediction based on physicochemical properties of amino acids on protein sequences. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of using machine learning methodology to mine information from PCP data concerning protein sequences, as well as the superiority of EBMC, SVM and LR (especially EBMC) for the ubiquitination prediction compared to other methods.
Application of Over Lap PCR to Construction of Expression Vector for sodAP Gene

Objective To construct an recombinant plasmid for expression of sodAP gene of Arthrobacter pascens DMDC12 in E. coli BL21(DE3) by over lap PCR. Methods Promoter P121 and sodAP gene were amplified using two pairs of designed primers respectively, then linked by over lap PCR, identified by sequencing and inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b(+). Transform the constructed recombinant plasmid pET-PsodAP to E. coli BL21(DE3) and identify the expressed product by SDS-PAGE. Determine the expression level of target protein by quantitative photodensitometry. Results The linked P121 promoter and sodAP gene showed a band of about 800 bp on gel electrophoretic profile, and its sequence was consistent with that respected. Restriction analysis proved that recombinant plasmid pET-PsodAP was constructed correctly. The expressed product contained 19% of total somatic protein. Conclusion The recombinant expression vector for sodAP gene was successfully constructed by over lap PCR technique and expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3), which laid a foundation of industrial production of Mn-SOD.
Syphilis in Yunxian County,2005-2011

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of Syphilis in Yunxian county,Hubei province,for developing control strategies.Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted on the data of syphilis epidemic in Yunxian from 2005 to 2011 and statistical analysis was carried out with Excel and SPSS 19.0.Results A total of 257 cases of syphilis were reported in Yunxian,the annual incidence was 5.86/105 with a yearly increasing trend(χ2trend=76.512,P=0.000),and the average annual increase rate was 46.80%.A considerable proportion were latent syphilis(50.97%),showed an increasing trend(χ2 trend =6.80,P=0.009).The proportion of female cases increased significantly(χ2 trend =10.664,P=0.001);the occupation composition were mainly farmers(35.80%),the unemployed(24.90%)and migrant workers(10.51%).The cases were mainly between 20-44 years old(67.70%).Conclusion The syphilis epidemic in Yunxian showed a rapid increasing trend,calling for strengthened yet pertinent measures.
Convergence Analysis for Extended Iterative Algorithms and Fractional and Vector Calculus

We give local and semilocal convergence results for some iterative algorithms in order to approximate a locally unique solution of a nonlinear equation in a Banach space setting.
Immune response in rams experimentally infected with Brucella ovis.

Cellular as well as humoral immune responses were detected in six rams experimentally infected with Brucella ovis. Specific antibodies were detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by day 11 after infection in all the rams. The levels of IgM antibodies and total antibodies in the serum rose until 33 and 41 days after infection respectively, then levelled off. Antigen-induced blastogenic responses by lymphocytes developed as early as five days after infection in all rams but had decreased to low levels by day 63 in most. Blastogenesis induced by phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A varied among infected rams and did not differ significantly (P>0·05) from control rams. All rams had developed delayed-type skin hypersensitivity by day 63 after infection. One ram which did not become infected as a result of exposure had low levels of B ovis serum antibodies and a detectable antigen-induced lymphocyte blastogenic response before infection, suggesting the involvement of cell-mediated immunity in protection against B ovis.
Geostationary Carbon Process Mapper (GCPM)

Geostationary Carbon Process Mapper (GCPM) is an earth science mission to measure key atmospheric trace gases related to climate change and human activity.Understanding of sources and sinks of CO2 is currently limited by frequency of observations and uncertainty in vertical transport. GCPM improves this situation by making simultaneous high resolution measurements of CO2, CH4, CF, and CO in near-IR, many times per day. GCPM is able to investigate processes with time scales of minutes to hours. CO2, CH4, CF, Co selected because their combination provides information needed to disentangle natural and anthropogenic sources/sinks. Quasi-continuous monitoring effectively eliminates atmospheric transport uncertainties from source/sink inversion modeling. will have one instrument (GeoFTS), hosted on a commercial communications satellite, planned for two years operation. GCPM will affordably advance the understanding of observed cycle variability improving future climate projections.
Überblick über die durchgeführten Studien

Um die im vorherigen Kapitel formulierten Forschungsfragen und Hypothesen bezuglich Struktur, Eigenschaften sowie Effekten und Bedingungsfaktoren selbstbezogener Ziele von Wissenschaftler(inne)n zu untersuchen, wurden drei aufeinander aufbauende, quantitativ-empirische Studien mit quer- und langsschnittlichen Designs durchgefuhrt (vgl. Tabelle 6). Im vorliegenden Kapitel wird Design und Ziel dieser Studien skizziert, um einen Uberblick uber den empirischen Teil dieser Arbeit zu geben. Zugleich wird auf methodische Aspekte eingegangen, die fur alle drei Studien grundlegend sind und zu ihrem Verstandnis benotigt werden.
A Review of Variational and Optimization Methods in Meteorology

ABSTRACT A condensed overview of variational and optimization methods in Meteorology is presented. It is aimed at giving the reader a short concise perspective of the developments in the discipline in the last thirty years and to present briefly recent developments in the application of optimization and optimal control theory in Meteorology.
Excessive daytime sleepiness associated with insufficient sleep

Chronic insufficient sleep as an identifiable cause of excessive daytime sleepiness was investigated post hoc by comparing a series of patients with this diagnosis with patients with narcolepsy. Among the prominent features differentiating patients with insufficient sleep from patients with narcolepsy was the report, obtained on the sleep history, of a disparity between the reported amount of sleep obtained on weekdays versus weekends. On evaluation in the laboratory, patients with insufficient sleep showed atypically high sleep efficiency at night and a prolonged sleep time (longer than they report sleeping on a weekday night at home). Compared with patients with narcolepsy, they show a somewhat elevated percentage of stage 3-4 and REM sleep, although this is probably not higher than that of age-matched controls. On the Multiple Sleep Latency Test they displayed moderate sleepiness and no sleep onset REM periods. A mental status examination and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory did not suggest a primary psychiatric disorder.
Numbers Have Life: A Commentary on "Predictors of Survival in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Malignancies Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit"

The commentary remarks on a recently published article on a study that examined predictors of poor outcomes in cancer patients using the SOFA score, answering to the question of whether the results of the study can completely inform decisions about terminal care management.
Adjuvant radiation therapy for T4 non-rectal colon adenocarcinoma provides a cause-specific survival advantage: A SEER database analysis

Abstract Purpose While there is no level 1 evidence supporting the use of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for non-rectal colon cancer in the modern chemotherapy era, there are studies that suggest a local control benefit. This treatment modality is not part of standard treatment recommendations, and we hypothesized that adjuvant RT provides a benefit in locally advanced disease. Due to the limited number who receive post-operative RT, a national database was searched to provide sufficient power. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was performed. Inclusion criteria were: non-rectal colon cancer, AJCC 6th or 7th edition T4 and M0, oncologic resection, and 1st cancer site. Patients were excluded for RT prior to or during surgery, or if the sequence of RT was unknown. Using a Cox proportional hazard model, the relative risk of cause-specific mortality for “RT after surgery” versus “No RT” was calculated. Results 21,789 patients were identified who met the inclusion criteria. Of these, only 1001 received adjuvant RT, and 64% were node-positive (53% RT vs. 65% no RT). When comparing RT vs. no RT, after adjusting for sex, age, N stage, and grade, we determined the relative risk of death from cancer was 0.8849 (95% CI: 0.8008–0.9779; p = 0.0165), suggesting that only 14 patients with T4 disease need receive adjuvant radiation to spare a cancer-related death. Conclusions Adjuvant RT is not routinely utilized for definitive treatment of T4 non-rectal colon cancer, but this analysis shows a significant cause-specific survival benefit.
Auditing Race and Gender Discrimination in Online Housing Markets

While researchers have developed rigorous practices for offline housing audits to enforce the US Fair Housing Act, the online world lacks similar practices. In this work we lay out principles for developing and performing online fairness audits. We demonstrate a controlled sock-puppet audit technique for building online profiles associated with a specific demographic profile or intersection of profiles, and describe the requirements to train and verify profiles of other demographics. We also present two audits using these sock-puppet profiles. The first audit explores the number and content of housing-related ads served to a user. The second compares the ordering of personalized recommendations on major housing and real-estate sites. We examine whether the results of each of these audits exhibit indirect discrimination: whether there is correlation between the content served and users' protected features, even if the system does not know or use these features explicitly. Our results show differential treatment in the number and type of housing ads served based on the user's race, as well as bias in property recommendations based on the user's gender. We believe this framework provides a compelling foundation for further exploration of housing fairness online.
My guardian angel: patients’ fears and desires related to discussing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator deactivation

Once the focus of medical treatment transitions away from life-prolonging care, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shocks no longer serve their intended purpose. In this situation, device deactivation may be appropriate. The potential unwanted consequences of having an ICD at the end of life are rarely addressed, although their life-saving benefits until that point are widely recognised. In their Heart paper, Stoevelaar and colleagues1 share insight from patients’ expressions of their thoughts and experiences related to advance care planning surrounding ICD deactivation. Five focus groups were held with 41 participants, exploring patient attitudes towards ICD deactivation and delivery of information and communication about ICDs towards the end of life. Using thematic analysis, the authors present results centred about three major themes: (1) reflection on wishes and preferences, (2) discussing preferences, and (3) recording and reviewing preferences. Participants had widely differing opinions about ICD deactivation, ranging from equating deactivation with euthanasia to fearing shocks more than death. One was even unaware of the option to deactivate their ICD. Living with compromised quality of life was deemed undesirable, and several participants cited suffering from non-cardiac disease as a reason to deactivate the ICD. Others felt no need to even think about future ICD deactivation, instead preferring to focus on life. While some participants desired conversations about ICD deactivation with healthcare providers, few had done so, and this served as a source of discontent for some. Strikingly, there was no consensus as to the optimal timing for …
A Confluence of Ideas and Experiments—A Tribute to Professor Walter Greiner

This article is a tribute to Professor Walter Greiner that describes, from my personal perspective and experience, the profound influence of his ideas in two specific subfields of experimental nuclear physics: “nuclear molecules” and relativistic heavy-ion physics. In relating the former, I use the close relationship between Walter as the theorist and D. Allan Bromley the experimentalist who together pioneered that field. I then describe the richness of exciting physics and the tremendous growth of the field of relativistic heavy-ion physics as a result of Walter and the “Greiner School”.
Shibboleths in the studio: Informal demarcation practices among audio engineers:

Recording engineers have an interest in maintaining their roles as skilled professionals as compared to external competitors, which increasingly include unpaid amateurs and automated software tools...
Isolated Left Atrial Cardiac Tamponade Caused by Pleural Effusion.

A localized left atrial tamponade caused by left side pleural effusion is a rare finding that leads to hemodynamic instability. Here, we describe left atrial systolic and diastolic collapse resulting from left pleural effusion. An increase in intrapleural pressure by a pleural effusion can compress the pericardial space and lead to impaired cardiac filling and tamponade physiology. Here, we present a case of a 79-year old African American female who presented with shortness of breath and dry cough for a duration of one week. Chest radiograph and CT scan of the chest showed left pleural effusion. The echocardiogram revealed left atrial systolic and diastolic collapse due to pleural effusion, which triggered cardiac tamponade physiology. With the guidance of a bedside thoracic ultrasound, she underwent a diagnostic and therapeutic thoracentesis which resolved her symptoms. Repeat echocardiogram revealed resolution of the cardiac tamponade with no further indication of left atrial diastolic collapse. In conclusion, pleural effusions can cause tamponade physiology and can be resolved by thoracentesis. Early recognition by a bedside point-of-care ultrasound may help provide prompt relief of tamponade.
Mapping the combustion modes of a dual-fuel compression ignition engine:

Compression-ignition (CI) engines can produce higher thermal efficiency (TE) and thus lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions than spark-ignition (SI) engines. Unfortunately, the overall fuel economy ...
Artificial Intelligence–Enabled POCUS in the COVID-19 ICU: A New Spin on Cardiac Ultrasound

Abstract We present the novel use of a deep learning–derived technology trained on the skilled hand movements of cardiac sonographers that guides novice users to acquire high-quality bedside cardia...
CAFOs, novel influenza, and the need for One Health approaches.

Abstract Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) present highly efficient means of meeting food demands. CAFOs create unique conditions that can affect the health and environment of animals and humans within and outside operations, leading to potential epidemiological concerns that scale with operational size. One such arena meriting further investigation is their possible contribution to novel influenzas. CAFOs present opportunities for cross-species transmission of influenza as demonstrated by reports of swine flu and avian influenza outbreaks. Conditions and pathways leading to novel influenza strains are complex and require varied prevention and intervention approaches. Current challenges for prevention of respiratory viruses entering or leaving swine and poultry CAFOs are multifaceted and include adherence of personal safety measures, lack of training and safety provisions for personnel, and incomplete standardized federal, state, and/or county regulation and enforcement coverage across agricultural systems. This report acknowledges that any proposed CAFO-associated influenza intervention should be cross-organizational, and no single intervention should be expected to provide full resolution. Proposed interventions affect multiple components of the One Health triad, and include seasonal human influenza immunization, PPE regulation and adherence, alternative waste management, general biosecurity standardization and an industry best practices incentive program. Due to the complexity of this problem, multiple anticipated communication, enforcement, and logistical challenges may hinder the full implementation of proposed solutions. General and operation-specific (swine and poultry) biosecurity practices may mitigate some of the risks associated with influenza virus reassortment across species. Education and advocacy can help protect workers, communities, veterinarians and consumers from CAFO-associated influenza virus. To achieve this, there must be more complete communication between CAFOs, governing agencies, health services, animal services, researchers, and consumers to better explore the potential health outcomes associated with CAFOs.
Toward a (Re)Integrated Application of Bordieuan Theory

Bourdieu’s critical analysis of capital (BCAC) is a useful tool for unmasking how schools legitimate class structure and identifying the institutional, societal, and cultural forces that structure ...
Composite binder, processing, and particle size effects on mechanical properties of non-hazardous high explosive surrogates

Abstract Plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) are polymer matrix composites that are highly loaded with micron-scale explosive crystals. The thermal and mechanical properties of these materials must be well-understood so that appropriate engineering models can be developed, but testing such properties under many scenarios can be hazardous and expensive. A non-hazardous PBX surrogate (“mock”) may be used in place of a PBX in many experiments if the thermomechanical properties are well-matched. Our previous research has shown that 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine (IDOX) is a promising crystalline filler material for the explosive cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX). Here, we investigate how the binder composition, variations in the IDOX particle size distribution, and pressing temperature affect the compressive strength and elastic modulus. We observe that while the binder system used in the composite dominates the mechanical response, the particle size distribution and pressing conditions do have a measurable effect on the material compliance and strength.
Role of anisotropy in the ballistic response of rolled magnesium

Abstract Rolled magnesium alloys exhibit pronounced tension-compression asymmetry as well as anisotropy in yield and strain-hardening behavior. Although differences in the mechanical response are reasonably well-understood, it is not clear to what extent anisotropy alters the deformation and failure of plates subjected to ballistic loading conditions. In this work, the role of texture and anisotropy in the ballistic response is investigated using a combined experimental–computational approach. Sphere impact experiments are performed on rolled magnesium plates cut from orientations that exhibit differing mechanical responses. The complex failure process is characterized by in situ diagnostics, including ultra-high-speed Digital Image Correlation and Photonic Doppler Velocimetry, and compared with simulations performed on polycrystalline aggregates using a polycrystal plasticity model for hcp metals. The anisotropic deformation behavior arises from deformation mechanisms with disparate strength and strain hardening behavior, which is well captured in the model. The occurrence of low-strength extension twinning is shown to govern the initial anisotropic deformation and bulging of the plate. When compared with post-mortem 3D X-ray microscopy, regions that experience intense basal slip are shown to be sites for damage initiation that leads to eventual fracture. The combination of experiments and simulations suggest that at low to intermediate ballistic loading rates, material orientation plays a crucial role in dictating eventual fracture and failure in strongly anisotropic metals such as in rolled magnesium alloys.
Long-term reproductive outcomes in patients with unexplained infertility: follow-up of the Fast Track and Standard Treatment Trial participants

Objective To evaluate long-term reproductive outcomes in couples who were enrolled in a large randomized controlled trial that studied optimal treatment for unexplained infertility. Design Telephone survey, administered between March 2019 and February 2020. Setting Large urban university-affiliated fertility center. Patient(s) Couples who enrolled in the Fast Track and Standard Treatment Trial (FASTT). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcomes Measure(s) Number of live births, methods of conception, adoption, and satisfaction regarding family size. Result(s) Of the 503 couples enrolled in FASTT, 311 (61.8%) were contacted and 286 (56.9%) consented to participate. The mean age and follicle-stimulating hormone level at the time of enrollment in FASTT were 33.1 ± 3.2 years and 6.8 ± 2.2 mIU/mL, respectively, for those who participated in this study. The mean age at follow-up was 49.5 ± 3.4 years. Of the 286 women, 194 (67.8%) had a live birth during the trial and 225 (78.7%) continued to try to conceive after FASTT. Of those who tried to conceive without treatment, 101 of 157 (64.3%) had a successful live birth, whereas 12 (5.3%) women had a live birth via intrauterine insemination and 82 (36.4%) via autologous oocyte in vitro fertilization. Overall, 182 (80.9%) women achieved a live birth after FASTT. Conclusion(s) The majority of couples were able to achieve a live birth after FASTT. Only 19 (6.6%) never achieved a live birth during their reproductive years. Moving to treatment sooner allows the opportunity to achieve >1 live birth, which is associated with increased satisfaction regarding family size. This further supports access to care and insurance coverage for infertility treatment.
Isolation and identification of adrenocortical steroids in human peripheral blood

Abstract Cortisol acetate and corticosterone acetate were isolated from large quantities of normal human peripheral blood and identified by infrared spectroscopy. It has been demonstrated that 50% or more of the “Porter-Silber chromogens” present in circulating whole blood are cortisol acetate. Heparinized whole blood, when collected in glass containers and allowed to stand for 30 minutes at room temperature, contains only 15–30% of the cortisol acetate present in whole blood shed directly into a protein precipitating solvent mixture. Results are presented which indicate that free cortisol is present only in plasma, while cortisol acetate and 17-deoxycorticosteroids are distributed between red cells and plasma.
Translation of Liver Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in a Messenger-dependent Reticulocyte Cell-free System PROPERTIES OF THE SYSTEM AND IDENTIFICATION OF FERRITIN IN THE PRODUCT

Abstract An RNA fraction with messenger activity has been isolated from free polysomes of rabbit liver. This liver RNA was translated in a reticulocyte cell-free system, which had been rendered dependent on exogenous messenger RNA by mild ribonuclease treatment. After ribonuclease was removed from the ribosomes, protein synthesis was almost totally dependent on 0.5 m KCl ribosomal wash protein and exogenous RNA isolated from either reticulocyte or liver polysomes. In contrast to reticulocyte RNA, which directed the synthesis of α and β globin chains almost exclusively, liver RNA directed synthesis of polypeptides over a broad range of molecular weights. Little globin chain synthesis was detected with liver RNA. Evidence for the specific synthesis of ferritin was obtained by chemical purification and crystallization of this protein from the cell-free reaction product, by immunoprecipitation of the purified material with a monospecific antibody to rabbit liver ferritin, and by coincident migration of radioactivity with purified ferritin in both polyacrylamide and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Since this highly active, fractionated, reticulocyte cell-free system is capable of translating mRNA fractions from both the liver and the reticulocyte into specific natural proteins, it may be useful in future studies dealing with the regulation of protein synthesis with messenger RNA from various animal sources.
Abstract 3015: Annexin A3 is selectively expressed in MET-like as compared to EMT-like breast cancer stem cells

Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA Increasing evidence has demonstrated that breast cancers are driven by a cellular subset that displays stem cell properties. These cells mediate tumor metastasis and contribute to therapeutic resistance. We recently reported that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are capable of inter-converting between two cellular states in a process regulated by the tumor microenvironment. CD44+/CD24- CSCs are characterized by expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes, invasive and largely quiescent, whereas mesenchymal-epithelial-like (MET) stem cells are characterized by expression of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), epithelial morphology and self-renewal. In order to further characterize these two alternative populations of BCSCs, we carried out gene expression analysis of sorted ALDH+ and CD44+/24- populations from a series of primary human breast cancers and established cell lines. We used the CSC markers to fractionate MCF7 cells and performed proteomic analysis utilizing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed proteins were identified using t-test and ANOVA based on spectra counts. Both microarray and proteomic analysis identified Annexin A3 (ANXA3) to be consistently upregulated in ALDH/MET stem cell populations compared to matched CD44+/24-/EMT-like CSCs. These results were validated through qPCR and western blotting in utilizing the luminal cell line MCF7 as well as the claudinlow cell line SUM 159. In the latter, ANXA3 was upregulated 2-5 fold at both the mRNA and protein levels in ALDH+ compared to ALDH- populations. Further, immunofluorescence studies using confocal microscopy demonstrated co-expression of ANXA3 and ALDH in MCF7 and SUM 159 cells. To determine the clinical significance of ANXA3 in breast cancer, we performed immunohistochemical analyses on tissue microarrays of breast cancer patients. ANXA3 expression was found to be significantly higher in breast cancers compared to normal breast tissue with over 75% of primary human tumors demonstrating ANXA3 staining. ANXA3 was expressed at significantly higher levels in luminal compared to basal and claudinlow tumors. Furthermore, 42% of HER2+ tumors also showed moderate to high expression of ANXA3. These results suggest that ANXA3 is predominantly expressed in luminal breast cancers, where it marks the ALDH+ epithelial-like CSC populations. The functional role of ANXA3 in breast CSCs is currently under investigation. Citation Format: Deol S. Yadwinder, Sean McDermott, David M. Lubman, Jenny C. Chang, Song Nie, Yang Cong, Alice Turdo, Ebrahim Azizi, Tahra K. Luther, Shawn G. Clouthier, Max Wicha. Annexin A3 is selectively expressed in MET-like as compared to EMT-like breast cancer stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3015. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3015
The impact of shifts in marine biodiversity hotspots on patterns of range evolution: Evidence from the Holocentridae (squirrelfishes and soldierfishes)

One of the most striking biodiversity patterns is the uneven distribution of marine species richness, with species diversity in the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) exceeding all other areas. However, the IAA formed fairly recently, and marine biodiversity hotspots have shifted across nearly half the globe since the Paleogene. Understanding how lineages have responded to shifting biodiversity hotspots represents a necessary historic perspective on the formation and maintenance of global marine biodiversity. Such evolutionary inferences are often challenged by a lack of fossil evidence that provide insights into historic patterns of abundance and diversity. The greatest diversity of squirrelfishes and soldierfishes (Holocentridae) is in the IAA, yet these fishes also represent some of the most numerous fossil taxa in deposits of the former West Tethyan biodiversity hotspot. We reconstruct the pattern of holocentrid range evolution using time-calibrated phylogenies that include most living species and several fossil lineages, demonstrating the importance of including fossil species as terminal taxa in ancestral area reconstructions. Holocentrids exhibit increased range fragmentation following the West Tethyan hotspot collapse. However, rather than originating within the emerging IAA hotspot, the IAA has acted as a reservoir for holocentrid diversity that originated in adjacent regions over deep evolutionary time scales.