cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Creating mixed-income developments in Chicago: developer and service provider perspectives

Mixed-income development has been embraced by policymakers across the country as a promising means of deconcentrating poverty and revitalizing inner-city neighborhoods. The unprecedented scale of Chicago's effort at mixed-income development provides an important opportunity to learn about the possibilities and challenges of this approach. Most of the new developments have completed at least one pre-occupancy phase of construction, marketing, and resident outreach. This paper explores the perspectives of two key actors in the mixed-income development process: private developers and social service providers. In-depth interviews were conducted with 26 individuals working on nine of Chicago's major new mixed-income developments. This qualitative analysis uses the perspectives of these key actors to identify some of the major early challenges of the mixed-income development process in Chicago. Implications for the future of mixed-income development and public housing transformation in Chicago and across the co...
Sensitivity of agricultural ecological system models and implications for vulnerability to toxic chemicals

Published results of sensitivity experiments on agricultural models by international authors are analyzed with a simple univariate sensitivity index. Values for system parameter and response-effects at ratios greater than 2.0 or 3.0 are presented for different crop plants, ecosystem components and processes. Responses are ranked according to their level of sensitivity to direct and indirect changes that conceivably could be imposed by manufactured chemicals. Of several hundred agricultural modeling publications, only 8.5% was found to contain results from sensitivity analysis experiments performed by their original authors. This low proportion means that environmental interactions and biological species other than those for which such results are published might be of equal or greater sensitivity and importance if comprehensive sensitivity analyses were available across all crops and ecological processes. Results imply that hydrological flows, soil nutrient losses, and pesticide losses might all be quite vulnerable to disruption if indirect effects could be transferred through ecosystems by changes in weather and climate. Below-ground primary production processes in agroecosystems such as cotton, semiarid range pastureland, perennial ryegrass and sugar yield of sugar beets might be vulnerable to potential, direct, sublethal effects of chemical substances. If climatic processes were changed, indirect effects could be expected in cotton and pasture root growth, and potato yields. Results also indicate that vegetative growth of corn, alfalfa, soybean and perennial ryegrass might all be extremely vulnerable to any indirect effects from chemically induced climatic changes. Reproductive parts that could be especially vulnerable to possible potential direct effects from chemical substances include seed yield of annual semiarid pastures, fruit quality of hardwood trees and, specifically, apple fruit production. If any indirect effects are possible, it appears that grain sorghum and grain corn yields, and apple fruit yields might be very vulnerable. All these results are limited to the particular designs of the models used and the response variables on which data are available from simulations.
A Model of Late Long-Term Potentiation Simulates Aspects of Memory Maintenance

Late long-term potentiation (L-LTP) denotes long-lasting strengthening of synapses between neurons. L-LTP appears essential for the formation of long-term memory, with memories at least partly encoded by patterns of strengthened synapses. How memories are preserved for months or years, despite molecular turnover, is not well understood. Ongoing recurrent neuronal activity, during memory recall or during sleep, has been hypothesized to preferentially potentiate strong synapses, preserving memories. This hypothesis has not been evaluated in the context of a mathematical model representing ongoing activity and biochemical pathways important for L-LTP. In this study, ongoing activity was incorporated into two such models – a reduced model that represents some of the essential biochemical processes, and a more detailed published model. The reduced model represents synaptic tagging and gene induction simply and intuitively, and the detailed model adds activation of essential kinases by Ca2+. Ongoing activity was modeled as continual brief elevations of Ca2+. In each model, two stable states of synaptic strength/weight resulted. Positive feedback between synaptic weight and the amplitude of ongoing Ca2+ transients underlies this bistability. A tetanic or theta-burst stimulus switches a model synapse from a low basal weight to a high weight that is stabilized by ongoing activity. Bistability was robust to parameter variations in both models. Simulations illustrated that prolonged periods of decreased activity reset synaptic strengths to low values, suggesting a plausible forgetting mechanism. However, episodic activity with shorter inactive intervals maintained strong synapses. Both models support experimental predictions. Tests of these predictions are expected to further understanding of how neuronal activity is coupled to maintenance of synaptic strength. Further investigations that examine the dynamics of activity and synaptic maintenance can be expected to help in understanding how memories are preserved for up to a lifetime in animals including humans.
PMD-PDL Emulator Designs for Low Interchannel Correlation

We report the design of limited sections of polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss (PMD-PDL) emulators that lead to the lowest averaged frequency interchannel correlation in the wavelength-division-multiplexed systems. We show that emulators with the elements with the minimum PMD and PDL values at the end of the emulator setting with respect to the light propagation have the lowest averaged frequency autocorrelation in the neighboring channels, therefore, the lowest averaged frequency interchannel correlation. Both experiments and simulations are performed to confirm the design principle
Genotyping short tandem repeats using flow injection and electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

Characterizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons has been accomplished for the first time using flow injection analysis coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The PCR amplicons were amplified at the human tyrosine hydroxylase short tandem repeat locus from an individual homozygotic for the 9.3 allele. One product was amplified using Pfu polymerase and yielded a blunt-ended amplicon of 82 base-pairs (bp) in length. The second PCR product was amplified using Taq polymerase that resulted in an amplicon with cohesive termini of 82 bp plus either mono- or diadenylation. The two PCR amplicons were alternatively injected using a 0.5-microL loop at 2 microM for the Pfu amplicon and 1 microM for the Taq amplicon with a flow rate of 200 nL/min during data acquisition. Both PCR amplicons were accurately identified using mass measurements illustrating the compatibility of ESI-MS for genotyping short tandem repeat sequences and the potential for high-throughput genotyping of large PCR amplicons.
Self-regulation of model order in feedforward neural networks

Despite the presence of theoretical results, the application of feedforward neural networks is hampered by the lack of systematic procedural methods for determining the number of hidden neurons to use. The number of hidden layer neurons determine the order of the neural network model and consequently the generalization performance of the network. This paper puts into perspective the approaches used to address this problem and presents a new paradigm which uses dependent evolution of hidden layer neurons to self-regulate the model order. We show through simulations that despite an abundance of free-parameters (i.e. starting with a larger than necessary network), the proposed paradigm allows for localization of specializing hidden layer neurons with the unspecialized hidden layer neurons behaving similarly. These similarly behaving neurons reduce the model order and allow for the benefits of a smaller sized network. Hints on analytically understanding the behavior are also noted.
Balancing the benefits and risks of blood transfusions in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a propensity-matched analysis

OBJECTIVES Prior studies have found that cardiac surgery patients receiving blood transfusions are at risk for increased mortality and morbidity following surgery. It is not clear whether this increased risk occurs across all haematocrit (HCT) levels. The goal of this study was to compare operative mortality in propensity-matched cardiac surgery patients based on stratification of the preoperative HCT levels.
Repeated amphetamine administration alters the expression of mRNA for AMPA receptor subunits in rat nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex

Recent evidence suggests that behavioral sensitization to amphetamine is associated with alterations in excitatory amino acid (EAA) transmission in perikarya (ventral tegmental area) and terminal regions (nucleus accumbens [NAc]) of the mesoaccumbens dopamine system. The present study determined whether repeated amphetamine administration alters expression of mRNAs for AMPA receptor subunits. We studied the NAc, because it is the site of expression of amphetamine sensitization, and the prefrontal cortex (PFC), because it is the origin of EAA projections that regulate the mesoaccumbens dopamine system. Rats were treated for 5 days with 5 mg/kg/day amphetamine sulfate or vehicle (controls) and perfused 3 or 14 days after the last injection. We used a novel in situ hybridization method that allows quantification of mRNA levels [Lu et al. (1996) J. Neurosci. Methods, 65:69-76]. Repeated amphetamine administration decreased levels of GluR1 and GluR2 but not GluR3 mRNAs in both core and shell subregions of the NAc at the 14 day withdrawal time; no changes were observed after 3 days of withdrawal. In contrast, levels of GluR1 mRNA in the PFC were increased at 3 but not 14 days of withdrawal, while GluR2 and 3 mRNAs were unchanged. Levels of GluR4 mRNA were very low in both NAc and PFC. Functional properties of heteromeric AMPA receptors are determined by subunit composition. Thus, the observed changes in mRNAs for AMPA receptor subunits may result in altered AMPA transmission in NAc and PFC. This, in turn, may influence the responsiveness of the mesoaccumbens DA system to psychomotor stimulants and potentially contribute to behavioral sensitization.
Lost in Translation Modulation of the Metabolic-Functional Relation in the Diabetic Human Heart

In the United States, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased dramatically over the past 30 years with most cases being attributed to type-2 diabetes (T2DM).1, 2 Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in these patients, with atherosclerosis accounting for approximately 80% of the cases.3, 4 The cluster of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypercoagubility, obesity and hypertension typically that track with T2DM is largely responsible for the increase in coronary atherosclerosis. 1 However, the presence of T2DM also increases the manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis with larger infarct size and greater post-infarction remodeling in T2DM patients compared with their non-diabetic counterparts being prime examples. Even in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis, the presence of T2DM potentiates the manifestations of a variety of cardiovascular disease processes such as left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy.5-7 Indeed, there is increasing evidence for a true diabetic cardiomyopathy -- the presence of LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction that occurs in the absence of concomitant coronary artery disease and hypertension.8 The mechanisms by which these cardiovascular complications become manifest in T2DM are multifactorial and include an increased prevalence of hyperlipidemia and hypertension, impaired fibrinolysis, abnormal myocardial endothelial function and reduced sympathetic neuronal function.
A hierarchical classification of the Timpanoginae (Ephemeroptera : Ephemerellidae) and description of a new species from Québec

Une classification strictement phylogenetique des taxons supergeneriques a l'interieur de la sous-famille des Timpanoginae inclut : les Attenellini, n. tribu, consistant en Attenella Edmunds ; les Eurylophellini, n. tribu, comprenant Dentatella Allen, n. stat., et Eurylophella Tiensuu ; et les Timpanogini, n. tribu, comprenant Timpanoga Needham et Dannella Edmunds, n. stat. Dentatella danutae McCafferty, n. sp. est decrite a partir de larves provenant d'un cours d'eau du Sud Quebec, Canada. L'espece nouvelle differe de la tres voisine D. bartoni (Allen) par de possibles differences frappantes sur la coloration, ainsi que par de nombreuses legeres differences de structure.
Wireless-LAN Based Distributed Digital Lighting System for Digital Home

The wireless-LAN-based distributed digital lighting system has been implemented for digital home. Effectiveness and reality of such a system that is composed of hardware system, software system and wireless LAN has been demonstrated in this paper. Although the digital lighting is distributed in the digital home, latency-free color-changing have become possible through Internet due to the server-client's flexible architecture. The efficiency of system is improved by applying Field Programming Gate Array (FPGA) is studied. How integrate the Software system, hardware system and Bluetooth to work effectively is also discussed. A wireless LAN based application through Internet for digital lighting is also realized and demonstrated.
An evaluation of the effect of filtering in 3-D OSEM reconstruction by using data from a high-resolution PET scanner

We evaluated the effect of filtering in the three-dimensional (3-D) ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm for reconstruction of projection data obtained with a high-resolution 3-D positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. For this study, we used the inter-update Metz filtered OSEM (IMF-OSEM) algorithm, which was developed by the PARAPET project. IMF-OSEM is an implementation of the OSEM algorithm with some additional capabilities such as inter-update filtering. The projection data were acquired using the high-resolution PET camera developed at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (MDAPET). This prototype camera, which is a multiring scanner without any septa, has a transaxial resolution of 2.8 mm, which allows better evaluation of the algorithm. We scanned three phantoms: a cylindrical uniform phantom, a cylindrical phantom containing four small lesion phantoms, and the Hoffman brain phantom. The effect of inter-filtering in OSEM reconstruction was evaluated by computing the noise level of the reconstructed images of the uniform phantom, studying the contrast recovery for the hot lesions in a warm background, and visually inspecting images especially those of the Hoffman brain phantom. In addition, the effect of post-filtering on the reconstructed images was evaluated. For the high statistics data, a good compromise between contrast recovery and noise level was achieved using 20-50 iterations for the plain OSEM algorithm. By visually inspecting the images of the Hoffman brain phantom and hot lesions, we observed that the plain OSEM algorithm, especially when followed by post-filtering, and the inter-update filtering with Metz power of 1 could reasonably reproduce the phantom's structure. We also found that inter-update filtering has the potential to produce a noise level and contrast recovery comparable with that using the plain OSEM algorithm at a lower iteration number; however, it also has a greater tendency to develop noise artifacts.
Effects of pH on human bone marrow stromal cells in vitro: Implications for tissue engineering of bone

The objective of this study was to address the hypothesis that changes in extracellular pH alter collagen gene expression, collagen synthesis, and alkaline phospha- tase activity in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Poten- tial effects of pH on cell function are of particular impor- tance for tissue engineering because considerable effort is being placed on engineering biodegradable polymers that may generate a local acidic microenvironment on degrada- tion. Human and murine single-cell marrow suspensions were plated at a density o f2×1 0 4 cells/cm 2 . After 7 days in culture, the pH of the culture medium was adjusted to one of six ranges: 7.8, 7.5.-7.7, 7.2-7.4, 6.9-7.1, 6.6-6.8, or 6.5. After 48 h of exposure to an altered pH, alkaline phospha- tase activity and collagen synthesis decreased significantly with decreasing pH. This decrease was two-to threefold as pH decreased from 7.5 to 6.6. In contrast, 1(I) procollagen mRNA levels increased two- to threefold as pH was de- creased. The trend in osteocalcin mRNA expression was op- posite to that of collagen. Small shifts in extracellular pH led to significant changes in the ability of BMSCs to express markers of the osteoblast phenotype. These pH effects po- tentially relate to the microenvironment supplied by a tis- sue-engineering scaffold and suggest that degrading poly- mer scaffolds may influence the biologic activity of the cells in the immediate environment. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 60: 292-299, 2002; DOI 10.1002/ jbm.10050
Palaeomagnetism and magnetostratigraphy of uppermost Permian strata, southeast New Mexico, USA: correlation of the Permian–Triassic boundary in non-marine environments

SUMMARY Continental red sandstone and siltstone rocks of the Dewey Lake (Quartermaster) Formation at Maroon Cliffs, near Carlsbad, New Mexico, are characterized by two components of magnetization with partially overlapping laboratory unblocking temperature spectra. Both magnetizations display high coercivities (>100 mT), probably residing in haematite. A north-directed magnetization with steep positive inclination unblocks between 100 and 650 °C, isolating a predominantly northwest-directed magnetization, with shallow inclination, of near uniform normal polarity and maximum unblocking temperatures of 680 °C. We collected samples from 24 palaeomagnetic sites (i.e. individual beds) from a ~60 m thick section of flat-lying strata disconformably overlying carbonate and evaporite rocks of the Rustler Formation. The upper member of the Rustler Formation contains a Late Permian (early Changxingian) marine invertebrate and conodont fauna. Of the sampled sites, four yield only steep magnetizations, interpreted to be recent overprints. Eight sites did not yield well-grouped site means and were excluded from the final calculations. The formation mean (dec=337.7°, inc=9.2°; k=31.6, a 95 =7.8°, N=12 sites) defines a palaeomagnetic pole located at 55.2°N, 117.5°E, in good agreement with other Late Permian North American cratonic poles. Correlation of the short polarity sequence of this section of Dewey Lake strata is unambiguous. Compared with the polarity stratigraphy of marine sections in Asia, and supported by isotopic age determinations on a widespread bentonite bed in Dewey Lake strata in west Texas (approximately 251 Ma) and fossil data for the underlying Rustler Formation, the magnetostratigraphy is consistent with deposition of the Dewey Lake Formation during the latest Changxingian (Late Permian) stage.
Multitemperature Stability and Degradation Characteristics of Pergolide Mesylate Oral Liquid

The stability of pergolide mesylate in an oral aqueous liquid was studied. Stability and solubility data were used to determine the degradation characteristics of the drug in this formulation. Samples were stored in the dark at 35°C, 45°C, and 60°C. At 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, samples were removed and stored in a -80°C freezer for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay at a later date. The initial drug concentration of 0.30 mg/mL was determined by assay after storage at -80°C. A solubility of 6.9 mg/mL was found for pergolide mesylate in the oral liquid at room temperature with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.0%. The degradation process is considered first-order at 25°C and 35°C. At higher temperatures (45°C and 60°C), a color change and curvature at the latter time points in degradation profiles are ascribed to the presence of methylcellulose. The activation energy calculated for degradation of pergolide mesylate in the oral liquid was 21.3 kcal/mol. The time to reach 90% potency (t90) values were calculated to be 43 days and 3 days, respectively, for storage at 25°C and 35°C. Drug concentrations up to ~6 mg/mL can be maintained as a solution at room temperature with this formulation.
A study of the behavior of morphine on ion exchange resins

The behavior of morphine on several ion exchange resins was determined primarily with the objective of selecting resins which might be suitable for quantitative work with morphine. The choice of resins was tentatively evaluated by applying them in the separation of morphine from known alkaloidal mixtures and opium tincture. A comparison of the ultraviolet spectra of the material isolated from the mixtures with the spectrum of pure morphine indicated that small amounts of nonalkaloidal impurities were present in the morphine fraction.
Haplotypes of estrogen receptor-beta and risk of non-small cell lung cancer in women.

Epidemiologic and biologic evidence suggests that lung cancer has different clinical and biological characteristics in women, and that estrogen may contribute to the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated whether germline variation in the estrogen receptor-beta gene (ESR2) is associated with lung cancer risk among 1021 female cases and 826 female controls enrolled in the Lung Cancer Susceptibility Study at the Massachusetts General Hospital from 1992 to 2004. Four haplotype-tagging polymorphisms (htSNPs) (rs3020450, rs1256031, rs1256049, rs4986938) captured the common genetic variation across the ESR2 locus from a set of markers culled from healthy controls from a public database and sequencing the coding regions of 95 breast cancer cases. Using the expectation-maximization algorithm, five common haplotypes were resolved (CCGC (43%), TCAT (287%), TCAC (11%), CCAC (9%) and CCAT (6%)). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for individual htSNPs and haplotype scores. Neither the four individual htSNPs nor their resolved haplotypes were associated with lung cancer risk in the entire population, nor in strata defined by parity (yes versus no), age (<50 years versus ≥50 years) or smoking history (current-, former-, never-smokers). Our findings indicate that ESR2 is not associated with risk of lung cancer in women.
Simultaneous Measurements of Analyzing Powers and Differential Cross Sections for n+28Si

Scattering experiments conducted with beams of polarized neutrons give special information about the spin sensitive part of the neutron-nucleus interaction. Carefully controlled measurements of the analyzing power A(?) for the scattering of polarized neutron beams can also give accurate values for the more conventional observable, the differential cross section ?(?). The present paper focuses on an attempt to obtain ?(?) values for 28Si(n,n) from an experiment originally intended to determine only the function A(?). As a test the data are compared to cross sections measured in a conventional neutron scattering experiment.
CORTISM: a complex dynamical model of the cortisol regulation system

The concept of complex dynamical systems is an outgrowth of the mathematical theory of nonlinear dynamical systems, devel oped in the context of physiological modeling. This paper de scribes an exemplary application of this new modeling strategy to the cortisol regulation system, along with some preliminary results of its simulation. The eventual intent of this project is the creation of a research tool for endocrine physiology.
Locomotion monitoring using body sensor networks

Research indicates that various disorders in aging ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia and Alzheimer's could be diagnosed early based on the study of locomotion. Sensor platforms integrated into clothing provide the possibility of reliable locomotion monitoring. In this work, we describe a system using inexpensive, off-the-shelf inertial sensors to analyze locomotion. We present our measurements for coordination and consistency and discuss the preliminary results of our efforts to establish a baseline for these measurements for normal adult locomotion.
“Drawing is a Frame of Mind”: An Evaluation of Students' Perceptions About Reading Instruction Within a Response to Intervention Model

This investigation is part of a larger study examining the effects of a school-wide literacy reform effort through a multi-leveled system of instructional delivery. The research question addressed was, “How do students perceive reading instruction within their elementary language arts classroom?” Students' perceptions were analyzed through drawings of students (n = 210) that attend an urban elementary school. As part of the implementation of a multi-tiered reform effort, a response to intervention model, student perceptions support small group and one-on-one instructional delivery, rather than the traditional whole-group instruction. Students depict themselves as “readers” and see books as part of their classroom environments. Positive student affect is evident in their perceptions of reading instruction.
Teaching Family Systems Theory through Service-Learning

The authors present a rationale for incorporating service-learning projects into courses that teach family systems theory. A model program is presented to provide an example of the objectives, practical considerations, and student responses to such a project. Recommendations for counselor educators are made based on experience with the model program and student feedback.
Establishment of Deep Ocean Circulation Driven by Deep-Water Production

Abstract A linear, two-layer baroclinic model of deep circulation driven by deep water production is formulated. In distinction to the Stommel-Arons model where a uniform middepth upwelling is prescribed, the present model determines upwelling internally by inclusion of a Newtonian damping term in the continuity equation. Analytical solutions for the steady state are derived using the equatorial beta-plane approximation, which show that the coefficient of damping in the upwelling term determines the nature of the flow. With a large damping coefficient, the deep western boundary current from the deep-water source region does not cross the equator, but rather separates along it. The current reaches the eastern boundary and then flows poleward in both hemispheres as an eastern boundary current. In the limit of very weak damping, the flow spins up to the Stommel-Arons state, with the western boundary current crossing the equator and with poleward flows in the interior. Numerical experiments on the spherical c...
Canonical bases for the Brauer centralizer algebra

In this paper we construct canonical bases for the Birman-Wenzl algebra BWn, the q-analogue of the Brauer centralizer algebra, and so define left, right and two-sided cells. We describe these objects combinatorially (generalizing the Robinson-Schensted algorithm for the symmetric group) and show that each left cell carries an irreducible representation of BWn. In particular, we obtain canonical bases for each representation, defined over Z. The same technique generalizes to an arbitrary tangle algebra and Rmatrix [R]; in particular to centralizers of the quantum group action on V ⊗r, for V a finite dimensional representation of a quantum group. BWn occurs for particular values of the parameters (q, r, x) as the centralizers of the action of Uqsp2k or Uqok on the n-th tensor power of its standard representation V . One may presumably transfer the bases of the BWn modules to give a basis of representations occurring in V ⊗n (as in [GL]), and it is natural to conjecture that the basis so obtained coincides with that of [L,§27]. Of the Weyl groups, only in the symmetric group are the cell representations irreducible. In this respect BWn is similar to Sn. One would expect this because of the relation with quantum groups, which also behave like Hecke algebras of type A [L]. Moreover, our main new insight into the structure of BWn is precisely of this form—we show that every representation is induced from a representation of a symmetric group in a precise way (see §6.5). This paper is essentially self-contained, except for an appeal to the solution of the corresponding problem for Sn in [KL,1.4]. In particular, we make no further mention of quantum groups and use no previous work on the structure of BWn (e.g. [BW,HR,W]) except for its description as a
EMPIRICAL EFFECTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CHINESE LOCAL PERSPECTIVE

It is a common belief that entrepreneurship active regions tend to have better economic development. This paper aims to examine what changes have occurred on a region’s social, physical (e.g. air, water, soil or health that can affect human physical survival) and economic conditions during a large scale regional entrepreneurial development. Focusing on the entrepreneurially active region, Zhejiang Province of China, the study finds mixed results based on the published statistics by the Chinese Government and information from the U.S. satellite data during the 1980–2010 timeframe. The findings may have policy implications for China’s further progress, as well as for the progress of other developing countries.
Construction and application of magnetic bead-based protein microarray for ABO blood typing

Objective To construct a visual blood typing protein microarray based on magnetic bead.Methods The optimal experiment conditions,such as agarose concentration,temperature,immobilization concentration and time,were explored on glass-slide with human IgG and anti-human IgG antibody coated magnetic bead.Based on the optimal conditions,an ABO blood typing protein microarray was established by coating,printing,immobilizing and blocking.Then the blood samples were added to the microarrays,and detected with antibody-conjugated magnetic beads.Results When the class slide was coated with 1%agarose,and spotted with the protein probes(100mg/mL in printing buffer)on the fabricated substrates and incubated in a humid chamber at 24℃for 8h,better results could be obtained.The forward test titer was up to 1∶819 2,and the reverse test was 1∶409 6by detecting different dilution rate of samples with the arrays.14clinical specimens were tested with the arrays and tube methods,and the results were same.Each positive spot on the arrays was strong and visible easily to the naked eye.Conclusion A system of magnetic bead-based protein array for ABO blood group was successfully constructed.
Synthetic oxytocin; critical evaluation in labor and post partum.

Abstract 1. 1. A critical quantitative in vivo evaluation of synthetic oxytocin has been undertaken and is herein reported. 2. 2. Effective action as a postpartum uterotonic agent is demonstrated. 3. 3. When used to induce labor, a failure rate of 13.5 per cent is encountered. 4. 4. In dysfunctional labors, 97.3 per cent effectiveness is noted. 5. 5. The effect of synthetic oxytocin upon the progress of cervical dilatation is determined by graphicostatistical cervimetric analysis. 6. 6. In primiparas, all phases of the first stage of labor are significantly shortened and the maximum slope steepened, the pattern approaching a theoretical ideal. 7. 7. The same changes are seen when the drug is used in multiparas, except for the deceleration phase. 8. 8. No untoward effects are evidenced either in labor or post partum, to mother or infant, when utilized in the cautious manner described.
Geometrical Interpretation of the Schmidt Decomposition

Consider a quantum system consisting of two subsystems A and B with Hilbert spaces of dimensionalities NA and NB.
Information leverage in interconnected ecosystems: Overcoming the curse of dimensionality

In ecological analysis, complexity has been regarded as an obstacle to overcome. Here we present a straightforward approach for addressing complexity in dynamic interconnected systems. We show that complexity, in the form of multiple interacting components, can actually be an asset for studying natural systems from temporal data. The central idea is that multidimensional time series enable system dynamics to be reconstructed from multiple viewpoints, and these viewpoints can be combined into a single model. We show how our approach, multiview embedding (MVE), can improve forecasts for simulated ecosystems and a mesocosm experiment. By leveraging complexity, MVE is particularly effective for overcoming the limitations of short and noisy time series and should be highly relevant for many areas of science.
Chapter 2 Managing Tumor Angiogenesis. Lessons from VEGF-Resistant Tumors and Wounds

It is now well established both experimentally and clinically, that new blood vessel growth is required for tumors to grow beyond a few millimeters and metastasize [Folkman, J. (1995). In: Mendelsohn, L., Howley, P., Israel, A. (Eds.), The Molecular Basis of Cancer, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp. 206-225]. Angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels from preexisting vessels, provides the tumor with additional oxygen and nutrients for its continued growth. In addition, the proximity and increase in vascular density enhance the likelihood of tumor cells entering the bloodstream to eventually metastasize. Since the initial observations of Dr. Folkman in the late 1970s, research over the past 30 years has focused intensely on identifying points in which the angiogenic cycle can be disrupted and has become an important component of current therapies to limit tumor progression.
A Modulation Compensation Scheme to Reduce Input Current Distortion in GaN-Based High Switching Frequency Three-Phase Three-Level Vienna-Type Rectifiers

Wide bandgap semiconductors are gradually being adopted in high power-density high efficiency applications, providing faster switching and lower loss, and at the same time imposing new challenges in control and hardware design. In this paper, a gallium nitride-based Vienna-type rectifier with SiC diodes is proposed to serve as the power factor correction stage in a high-density battery charger system targeting for aircraft applications with 800 Hz ac system and 600 V level dc link, where power quality is required according to DO160E standard. To meet the current harmonic requirement, PWM voltage distortion during the turn-off transient, is studied as the main harmonics contributor. The distortion mechanism caused by different junction capacitances of the switching devices is presented. A mitigation scheme considering the nonlinear voltage-dependent characteristics of these capacitances is proposed and then simplified from a pulse-based turn-off compensation method to a general modulation scheme. Simulation and experimental results with a 450 kHz Vienna-type rectifier demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach, showing a THD reduction from 10% to 3% with a relatively low-speed controller.
Genetics, Behavioral Intervention, and Human Development

The use of genetics to inform behavioral interventions began no later than 1932 when Asbjorn Folling discovered the metabolic basis of PKU. This discovery clarified the role of genetics in selecting targets for environmental intervention for heritable disorders. Ten years later, Arnold Gesell was the first to use the co-twin control method demonstrating the role of genetics in explaining individual responses to treatment. In subsequent decades, the classical twin and adoption methods along with newer developments in molecular genetics and in mechanisms of gene expression promise to help define groups of individuals at risk for disease, to delineate malleable mechanisms of gene expression, to clarify sensitive periods in development when interventions may be most successful, and to distinguish those who be responsive to behavioral interventions from those who are not. There is now a prospect of improving public behavioral health through the use of genetic tools to enhance behavioral preventive and therapeutic interventions. However, this will require adequately powered, prospective studies of the role of measured genes in the outcome of interventions and twin and adoption studies that include intervention components.
Interactive Concert Programs for Live Performances: A Presentation Software Integrating Slideshow and Hypertext Concepts

Concerts and live shows are usually better appreciated when additional information about the exhibition and the performers are provided. For centuries, printed pamphlets or booklets have been the common way to provide the audiences with this information. Unfortunately, printed programs are not always the most efficient solution: they typically contain too much data to be read in a few minutes preceding the show, and after the performance they are usually thrown away. More crucial, printed information cannot be synchronized with the ongoing show, and the spectator has to constantly connect the data on the paper with what is happening on the stage. Technology can overcome this problem. Interactive Concert Programs (ICP) is a software that allows the streaming of digital information (such as text, images, or links) to the mobile devices of an audience in real time. Data can be triggered at a specific moment, according to what is performed. Moreover, any spectator can autonomously navigate the information streamed, using his/her device. ICP combines the characteristics of a slideshow software such as PowerPoint, and of a hypertext, such as HTML pages. There are several advantages of using ICP instead of printed programs. The listening experience can be guided with relevant information through all the duration of the show. Multilingual translations can be easily provided, as well as explaining texts for the Deaf. Users can save and share on social media the most interesting information, thus engaging new potential public. Lastly, the editing process of concert programs would be drastically simplified, and with a remarkable saving of printed paper. In this historical moment when performing arts can be difficult to understand and be appreciated, ICP can easily and inexpensively turn any theater or stage into a big lecture room, providing a new effective way for artists to tell the audience their artistic vision and the story behind the artwork performed. The audience would assimilate information more easily, with a better understanding and appreciation of the shows.
Should We Eliminate Fresh Embryo Transfer from ART

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) affects the transcriptional program of the mid-secretory endometrium, rendering it less receptive to embryo implantation. It is postulated that the supraphysiologic hormonal milieu at the time of fresh embryo transfer (ET) may impair trophoblast invasion and placental angiogenesis. One approach that circumvents this problem is to uncouple COH from ET by cryopreserving all embryos with subsequent replacement in a natural or programmed cycle. There is emerging evidence that pregnancy rates and obstetric and neonatal outcomes are all improved following delayed cryopreserved embryo transfer (CET). Before such an elective cryopreservation program is adopted, though, the existing observational evidence must be validated by adequately powered randomized controlled trials.
Handwaving: Gesture Recognition for Participatory Mobile Music

This paper describes handwaving, a system for participatory mobile music based on accelerometer gesture recognition. The core of the system is a library that can be used to recognize and map arbitrary gestures to sound synthesizers. Such gestures can be quickly learnt by mobile phone users in order to produce sounds in a musical context. The system is implemented using web standards, so it can be used with most current smartphones without the need of installing specific software.
Effect of animal density on endocrine development in gilts.

A study was conducted to determine the effect of social crowding on the development of endocrine organs involved in the reproductive process in growing and finishing gilts. One hundred four littermate gilts weighing approximately 30 kg were randomly assigned to treatment groups of either 8 or 16 pigs/pen. Gilts raised in pens of eight were allotted 1.06 m2 per pig from 30 to 65 kg and 1.25 m2 from 65 to 100 kg; whereas, one-half the area was provided for gilts raised in pens of 16. Littermate gilts raised in pens of 8 and 16 were slaughtered on the same day when the average weight of pigs reached 100 kg. At slaughter, the brain, adrenals, pituitary, uterus and ovaries were removed and weighted. The brain was lyophilyzed and reweighed to yield dry brain weight. Gilts raised in the low-density groups had heavier adrenal (P less than .01), pituitary (P less than .08), brain (P less than .11), dry-brain (P less than .02), uterine (P less than .09) and ovarian (P less than .07) tissues. Furthermore, significantly more gilts in the low-density, compared with the high-density groups, had ovulated at slaughter. In a second study, eight littermate gilts raised in pens of 8 or 16 and weighing approximately 100 kg were moved to individual pens and fitted with a jugular vein catheter. Following blood sample collection at 15-min intervals for 2 h, 200 IU of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) were infused into the cannula. Blood samples were collected at 15-min intervals for an additional 2 h. There were no differences between basal or ACTH-stimulated concentrations of plasma cortisol between treatment groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Improving speech intelligibility for bilateral cochlear implant users using Weiner filters and its impact on cognitive load

While cochlear implants have improved speech understanding for patients who are profoundly deaf, performance in noisy environments is still far from that of normal hearing listeners. It has been common to suggest that performance improvements can be obtained using speech enhancement/noise reduction algorithms. These algorithms are often evaluated using theoretical measures only, or via speech intelligibility tests that measure percent correct scores. However, many of these algorithms are also known to introduce undesirable distortions which may negate the theoretical signal-to-noise ratio benefits because of an increase in cognitive load required to understand the enhanced, but distorted, speech signal. In this work, we evaluate a simple noise reduction algorithm based on Wiener filtering principles with cochlear implant users, and show that improvements in speech understanding performance can be seen with percent correct scores overall, but at the cost of increased cognitive load in some listeners.
Bauhaus scenography for virtual environments

To achieve Sense of Presence (SOP), 1920's Bauhaus scenography is presented as inspiration for a design language for immersion in virtual environments (VE). The discipline's tradition of immersion, raumempfindung, is the construction of space to facilitate a tangible experience. It is mapped into five categories for VR: movement, externals, tone, time, and topology. This language informed the design of Ares, a room-scale VR experience. A user study assessed the approach and results indicated that the Bauhaus methodology benefits immersion to support SOP.
Poster: Evaluating Project Compliance During EA Planning: A Model-Based Semi Automatic Method for Enterprise Architecture Planning

New business and technology demands as well as Merger & Acquisitions force organizations to adapt their business models and IT infrastructure in order to stay competitive. Ensuring the compliance of new projects with the current goals and principles is an essential task. The discipline of Enterprise Architecture Planning provides methods for the structured development of the business and IT of an organization. The established models of the current and target architecture are used to provide the respective information for decision making at a sufficient aggregation level. We propose a model-based and tool-supported method for EA planning and in specific for the evaluation of project compliance. We utilize gap and impact analysis to ensure change consistency as well as view generation and metric calculation for evaluation purposes. The analyses are executed within a generic analysis architecture execution environment (A2E), that supports the customization of the analyses as well as different EA meta models. The method and the proposed analyses are evaluated within a case study from a medium-sized software product company.
Sodium-Calcium Exchange in Platelet Plasma Membrane Vesicles

Unstimulated platelets maintain submicromolar concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ (~100 μM) and a steep plasma membrane Ca2+ gradient. Since passive inward diffusion of Ca2+ will cause platelet activation, mechanisms in addition to Ca2+ sequestration by endoplasmic reticulum must exist to remove Ca2+ from cytosol. In other tissues low cytosolic Ca2+ is achieved, in part, by plasma membrane ATP-dependent Ca2+ efflux1,2 and Na+-Ca2+ exchange3,4. Although platelets possess Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity, the available evidence suggests that this enzyme is present only in the inner membranes5,6. Whether Na+-Ca2+ exchange activity occurs in platelets is not known. We investigated the involvement of Na+-Ca2+ exchange in this process. This study establishes that platelet membranes enriched in plasma membrane markers exhibited Na+-Ca2+ exchange activity.
Motivation in Foreign Language Learning: The Relationship between Classroom Activities, Motivation, and Outcomes in a University Language-Learning Environment

In the study of academic motivation in a language-learning setting, motivation has traditionally been considered an independent variable. The present study treats it as both a dependent function of classroom activities and an independent predictor of study time, expected grade, and whether a student will continue to study the language. Six distinct motivational types are discussed: motivation about the language, motivation about the class, confidence, external motivation, whether the class feels required, and self-reported motivation. Motivation about the language is found to be of particular importance in predicting outcomes, along with fun activities and activities that promote language use about students’ own lives and interests.