cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Disengaged and indistinct: The subcultural identity of the Emerging Church Movement:

Drawing on participant observation, pastor interviews, congregant focus groups, and the website content of an emerging congregation in Seattle, this article explores the ECM (Emerging Church Movement) as a religious subcultural movement utilizing Smith et al.’s (1998) subcultural identity theory. The study views the ECM movement as a unique religious subculture and locates it along the two dimensions of distinctiveness and engagement. The results of the field research indicate that the ECM as a subcultural religious movement is both disengaged from the dominant society and indistinct from other religious subcultures. The implications of these findings for the future directions of the movement are discussed.
Prothrombin in the newborn infant. V. Further observations on the nature of prothrombin in the newborn infant: comparative effect of storage on prothrombin of the newborn infant and normal adult.

W ITH the discovery of vitamin K and its relationship to prothrombin, increased interest has centered about the mechanism of clotting. Vitamin K is necessary for the formation of prothrombin. The latter is produced through the intermediary action of the liver and is necessary for the formation of a clot. Vitamin K is fat-soluble and is found in many foods, particularly the green, leafy vegetables. It is also produced in the gastrointestinal tract as a result of bacterial metabolism. Vitamin K has been isolated anff found to contain a quinoid structure. A number of synthetic water-soluble naphthoquinone compounds having" antihemorrhagie vitamin K activity are now available for oral or parenteral administration. A hypoprothrombinemia may be produced as a result of failure of absorption of vitamin K through the gastrointestinal tract or as a result of liver damage. The simple classical theory that two steps are involved in clot formation, namely, (1) prothrombin + calcium + thromboplastin ---> thrombin (2) thrombin + fibrinogen ---> fibrin (clot) is undergoing re-evaluation. Recently, Quick 1-a suggested that prothrombin is not a single substance but is composed of three factors. One factor he has named the "labile factor," which deteriorates on storage. The remaining two, prothrombin component A and prothrembin component B, are diminished by Dicumarol and are absorbed by agents such as aluminmn hydroxide and triealeium phosphate. The decrease in prothrombin activity of stored plasma is attributed to the decrease in the labile factor of prothrombin. He has demonstrated that the addition of plasma, whieh had been treated with aluminum hydroxide, will restore prothrombin activity to stored plasma. This view has been questioned by other investigators. Seegers, Loomis, and Vandenbelt ~ claim to have isolated prothrombin as a single pure substance which is stable. 4, ~ The apparent decrease in prothrombin activity of stored plasma is attributed by Loomis and Seegers 6 to the effects of storage on plasma fibrinogen activity. The presence of an additional factor in the clotting process was described by Ware and Guest, 7 and Seegers. 8 This factor, designated Ac-g'lobulin (Accelerator-globulin), is present in plasma. It is stable and accelerates the formation of a clot. The liberation of thromboplastin from platelets and tissue juices
WE-AB-BRA-05: PET-Guided Delivery Quality Evaluation of Yttrium-90 Microsphere Radioembolizaton for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: The Optimal Sequence of Radioembolizaton and Chemoembolization Treatments

Purpose: Selective-internal-radiation-therapy (SIRT) and transarterial-chemoembolization (TACE) are commonly used for treatment of liver tumors. The use of TACE, which is macroembolic, prior to SIRT may cause hemodynamic changes in tumor vasculature that impair yttrium-90 (90Y) microsphere delivery to the targeted lesions. This work aims to quantify dosimetric tumor coverage using 90Y positron emission tomography (PET) dosimetry after SIRT alone compared to TACE followed by SIRT. Methods: A total of 40 consecutive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SIRT patients who had a post-SIRT 90Y PET/CT scan were evaluated. The patient-specific-3D-dose was reconstructed from the PET images. Patients were categorized into two groups: patients received TACE prior SIRT procedure (n=18) and patient received SIRT alone (n=22). The lesions and liver were delineated by a senior radiologist. We evaluated both the lesion-specific dose-volume-histogram (DVH) and the selectivity index (SI) defined as the ratio of the average dose inside the total lesion(s) and the average dose of the normal liver. The SI values of patients were compared based on whether TACE was previously used. Results: A wide spectrum was observed in the lesion-specific DVH-evaluation and SI appeared to be suitable of evaluating the quality of each SIRT infusion. The average SI of the entire patient group was 3.0, i.e. targeted lesion receiving three times higher dose than normal liver. The average SI was 1.8 for patients who had prior TACE and 3.9 for patients who did not have prior TACE (p=0.008). 85% of the patients with prior TACE demonstrated poor 90Y-microsphere delivery (SI 4). On the other hand, the incidence SI >4 among patients with no prior TACE was 37%. Conclusion: 3D dose evaluation using post-SIRT PET suggests that 90Y microsphere delivery to liver tumors is impaired among patients who received prior TACE compared to those who receive SIRT alone.
Limitations of Binding Potential as a Measure of Receptor Function: A Two-Point Correction for the Effects of Mass

Using simulated time–activity curves, significant effects of mass of ligand on estimates of binding potential (BP) at reasonable mass doses for nonhuman primates have been demonstrated. Compartmental model theory predicts the dependence of BP on mass but this possibility is usually ignored—with justification. However, BP values for non-human primates may be more susceptible to artifacts because a typical mass dose per body weight of animal is higher than in a human. Time–activity curves were simulated for [11C]raclopride in rhesus monkeys in order to gauge the likelihood of mass effects in positron emission tomography (PET) studies in which small (e.g., 10%) differences in BP between primate groups who may not have the same average body weight are detected. PET data and simulations in this study are in agreement that small procedural biases in ligand administration between groups could masquerade as changes in BP as large as those being sought. A two-point extrapolation technique based on the observations of Hume et al. (1995) to correct for mass artifacts is introduced and evaluated. Tests of the extrapolation with simulated data show that mass correlation can be reduced or eliminated without adding variability to data. The sensitivity of this correction method to noisy BP estimates favors the use of graphical rather than kinetic calculation of BP. Finally, a discrepancy between the Hume model and predictions regarding the impact of nonspecific binding on estimated BP is explored.
Simulation Study on Effects of Order and Step Size of Runge-Kutta Methods that Solve Contagious Disease and Tumor Models

Biological processes such as contagious disease spread patterns and tumor growth dynamics are modelled using a set of coupled differential equations. Experimental data is usually used to calibrate models so they can be used to make future predictions. In this study, numerical methods were implemented to approximate solutions to mathematical models that were not solvable analytically, such as a SARS model. More complex models such as a tumor growth model involve high-dimensional parameter spaces; efficient numerical simulation techniques were used to search for optimal or close-to-optimal parameter values in the equations. Runge-Kutta methods are a group of explicit and implicit numerical methods that effectively solve the ordinary differential equations in these models. Effects of the order and the step size of Runge-Kutta methods were studied in order to maximize the search accuracy and efficiency in parameter spaces of the models. Numerical simulation results showed that an order of four gave the best balance between truncation errors and the simulation speed for SIR, SARS, and tumormodels studied in the project. The optimal step size for differential equation solvers was found to be model-dependent.
Grit and first-year retention in engineering

Recently “grit” has been defined by psychologists as a personal attribute that correlates with persistence through difficulties. We present our preliminary findings on grit and engineering students in this work-in-progress paper. We administered the Grit Scale in a first-year engineering design project course in a large public university in Fall 2014 and Spring 2015 (n = 475). Using binary logistic regression, we showed that grit alone was not a significant predictor of retention in engineering. For future work, we will include two-year retention data and also consider moderating variables such as gender and ethnicity to determine whether their interaction with grit tells a different story. If the moderating variables reveal that grit is more important in retaining students with certain attributes, the Grit Scale may be useful in identifying at-risk students. If not, however, we will need to reconsider the Grit Scale when it is applied to engineering students.
A Comparison of Two Brief Present Moment Awareness Training Paradigms in High Worriers

High levels of worry are a common phenomenon in undergraduate populations, with 28 to 40% of undergraduates in introductory psychology courses classified as “high worriers.” Worry is characterized by a pervasive neglect of the present moment and persistent thoughts about the future. Various methods of increasing present moment focus have been devised. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two brief present moment awareness training paradigms—Mindfulness Meditation and Present Moment Joy—in high worriers. Although both paradigms seek to increase present moment awareness, the processes by which each does so are different and potentially contradictory. Prior studies have not compared these two paradigms, and the field has yet to examine Present Moment Joy as an independent technique. Ninety-seven high worriers completed two, 20-minute training sessions across 2 days of either Mindfulness Meditation or Present Moment Joy. Participants rated levels of state mindfulness (curiosity and decentering), affect, and anxiety before and after each session. Both conditions increased curiosity and decentering, but Mindfulness Meditation led to greater decentering changes on day 2 than did Present Moment Joy. Both conditions decreased anxiety and negative affect. Only Present Moment Joy increased positive affect. Results suggest that, although Mindfulness Meditation and Present Moment Joy operate via different mechanisms, both increase present moment awareness and reduce anxiety and negative affect; however, when one’s goal is also to increase positive affect, Present Moment Joy may be the more effective intervention.
TGFβ1 expression in normal-appearing rectal mucosa in individuals with and without sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyps.

A23 Introduction: TGFβ1, an autocrine/paracrine growth factor that inhibits cell growth and proliferation, may be an important modulator of an individual9s risk of colorectal cancer. We hypothesized that TGFβ1 expression in normal-appearing rectal mucosa is lower in persons with sporadic adenomas than in those without, and may serve as a treatable biomarker of risk of colorectal neoplasms. Methods: We conducted a colonoscopy-based case-control study comprised of 49 cases and 152 controls. We measured TGFβ1 expression in biopsies of normal-appearing rectal mucosa in a randomly selected subset of 28 cases and 37 controls using automated immunohistochemical methods and quantitative image analysis software. TGFβ1 values were log transformed to improve normality, and analysis of covariance and graphical methods were used to compare overall mean levels and distributions of TGFβ1 expression in the colorectal crypts between cases and controls. Results: The mean, overall expression level of TGFβ1 in colon crypts did not substantially differ between cases and controls (p = 0.74). However, a graphical analysis revealed that the crypt distribution of TGFβ1 differed between cases and controls, with expression in the upper 40% of the crypt (the non-proliferative zone) higher in cases than in controls, and expression in the lower 60% of the crypt (the proliferative zone) higher in controls than in cases. TGFβ1 expression was 17% lower in persons who where obese (p = 0.01). Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that, although the overall TGFβ1 expression in normal-appearing rectal tissue may not substantially differ between persons at higher or lower risk for colorectal neoplasms, there may be a shift in the distribution of the expression in the crypts with increased risk. The results also suggest that colon crypt TGFβ1 expression may be associated with obesity, raising the possibility that weight reduction could modify TGFβ1 and thus risk for colorectal neoplasms. Analyses of specimens from the remaining participants are underway.
Open Label Maintenance Following Milk Oral Immunotherapy (MOIT) for IgE Mediated Cow's Milk Allergy

MOIT can be effective in desensitizing children with severe IgE-mediated CMA, with most tolerating markedly increased amounts of cow’s milk protein over time and demonstrating changes in serologic markers.
Nagorno-Karabakh and the Minsk Group: The Imperfect Appeal of Soft Law in an Overlapping Neighborhood

For more than two decades, the Minsk Group, co-chaired by Russia, the United States, and France, has served as a steward over the dispute resolution process involving Nagorno-Karabakh, a tiny enclave of ethnic Armenians belonging to Azerbaijan. Although described as a frozen conflict, the conflict is fluid, dangerous, and increasingly complicated by overlapping interests and spheres of influence. This Article concentrates on the power-shifting attempts to facilitate a solution via use of the soft law forum of the Minsk Group, problematizing the perceived theoretical advantages found in the literature that instantiate soft law's superior potential for solutions. That powerful countries may utilize informal processes and forums to pursue parochial interests while forestalling peaceful settlement suggests a need to examine critically efforts to use soft law as an expedient to norm development.
Efficacy of a Behavioral Activation Teletherapy Intervention to Treat Depression and Anxiety in Primary Care VitalSign6 Program.

Objective Research analyzing behavioral activation (BA) teletherapy outcomes is limited. Among low-income real-world primary care patients receiving a brief BA teletherapy program for depression and anxiety, we analyzed descriptive statistics and changes in depression and anxiety scores throughout treatment. Methods One hundred thirty patients completed an intake assessment from June 2015 to August 2016; outcomes included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Data from 74 low-income, primary care patients completing at least one therapy session were analyzed to characterize the demographics of therapy patients, to describe their depression and anxiety symptoms throughout treatment, and to examine whether patients who completed 4 or more sessions had statistically lower exit scores than those completing fewer than 4. Results Patients were moderately depressed (PHQ-9 score: mean = 14.46) and anxious (GAD-7 score: mean = 11.91) at intake. Patients were predominantly Latino/Latina (68.9%), Spanish-speaking (54.0%), and female (79.7%). The majority of patients who received at least one therapy session achieved and sustained depression remission. Patients who completed ≥ 4 therapy sessions demonstrated lower final session depression (PHQ-9: mean = 5.13, SD = 4.75) and anxiety (GAD-7: mean = 4.77, SD = 4.21) scores compared to those completing < 4 sessions (PHQ-9: mean = 8.04, SD = 6.20, P = .029; GAD-7: mean = 8.00, SD = 6.02, P = .011). Conclusions Primary care patients demonstrated improvements in depressive and anxious symptoms throughout BA-based teletherapy. BA teletherapy is feasible and associated with improved outcomes as an adjunct or alternative intervention for primary care providers and in low-income, charity populations.​.
Organocatalytic nitrenoid transfer: metal-free selective intermolecular C(sp3)–H amination catalyzed by an iminium salt

This report details the first organocatalytic method for nitrenoid transfer and its application to intermolecular, site-selective C(sp3)–H amination. The method utilizes a trifluoromethyl iminium salt as the catalyst, iminoiodinanes as the nitrogen source, and substrate as the limiting reagent. Activated, benzylic, and aliphatic substrates can all be selectively functionalized in yields up to 87%. A mechanistic proposal for the observed reactivity supported by experimental evidence invokes the intermediacy of a diaziridinium salt or related organic nitrenoid, species that have not been previously explored for the purpose of C–H amination. Finally, examples of late-stage functionalization of complex molecules highlight the selectivity and potential utility of this catalytic method in synthesis.
Robotomata: A framework for approximate pattern matching of big data on an automata processor

Approximate pattern matching (APM) has been widely used in big data applications, e.g., genome data analysis, speech recognition, fraud detection, computer vision, etc. Although an automata-based approach is an efficient way to realize APM, the inherent sequentiality of automata deters its implementation on general-purpose parallel platforms, e.g., multicore CPUs and many-core GPUs. Recently, however, Micron has proposed its Automata Processor (AP), a processing-in-memory (PIM) architecture dedicated for non-deterministic automata (NFA) simulation. It has nominally achieved thousands-fold speedup over a multicore CPU for many big data applications. Alas, the AP ecosystem suffers from two major problems. First, the current APIs of AP require manual manipulations of all computational elements. Second, multiple rounds of time-consuming compilation are needed for large datasets. Both problems hinder programmer productivity and end-to-end performance. Therefore, we propose a paradigm-based approach to hierarchically generate automata on AP and use this approach to create Robotomata, a framework for APM on AP. By taking in the following inputs — the types of APM paradigms, desired pattern length, and allowed number of errors as input — our framework can generate the optimized APM-automata codes on AP, so as to improve programmer productivity. The generated codes can also maximize the reuse of pre-compiled macros and significantly reduce the time for reconfiguration. We evaluate Robotomata by comparing it to two state-of-the-art APM implementations on AP with real-world datasets. Our experimental results show that our generated codes can achieve up to 30.5x and 12.8x speedup with respect to configuration while maintaining the computational performance. Compared to the counterparts on CPU, our codes achieve up to 393x overall speedup, even when including the reconfiguration costs. We highlight the importance of counting the configuration time towards the overall performance on AP, which would provide better insight in identifying essential hardware features, specifically for large-scale problem sizes.
Studies on the mechanism of general anesthesia

Inhaled anesthetics are a chemically diverse collection of hydrophobic molecules that robustly activate TWIK related K+ channels (TREK-1) and reversibly induce loss of consciousness. For a hundred years anesthetics were speculated to target cellular membranes, yet no plausible mechanism emerged to explain a membrane effect on ion channels. Here we show that inhaled anesthetics (chloroform and isoflurane) activate TREK-1 channels through disruption of ordered lipid domains (rafts). Super resolution imaging shows anesthetic raft disruption expels the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2), activating TREK-1. Catalytically dead PLD2 robustly blocks anesthetic specific TREK-1 currents in whole cell patch-clamp. Addition of a PLD2 binding-site renders the anesthetic-insensitive TRAAK channel sensitive. General anesthetics chloroform, isoflurane, diethyl ether, xenon, and propofol all activate PLD2 in cellular membranes. Our results suggest a two-step model of anesthetic TREK-1 activation. First, inhaled anesthetics disrupt lipid rafts. Second, translocation and PLD2-dependent production of anionic lipid activates TREK-1.
25. Design of Non-Metallocene Single-Site Olefin Polymerization Catalysts

Abstract Cationic group 4 metal alkyl complexes containing tetraaza macrocycle or tetradentate Schiff base ligands, e.g. (Meg-taa)Zr(R)+, (Me4-taen)Zr(R)+, and (F6-acen)Zr(R)+, are prepared by protonolysis of suitable neutral dialkyl precursors. These complexes display electrophilic behavior, but are less active for ethylene polymerization than Cp2Zr(R)+cations.
Empirically Based Mean Effect Size Distributions for Universal Prevention Programs Targeting School-Aged Youth: A Review of Meta-Analyses

This review of reviews presents an empirically based set of mean effect size distributions for judging the relative impact of the effects of universal mental health promotion and prevention programs for school-age youth (ages 5 through 18) across a range of program targets and types of outcomes. Mean effect size distributions were established by examining the findings from 74 meta-analyses of universal prevention and promotion programs that included more than 1100 controlled outcome studies involving over 490,000 school-age youth. The distributions of mean effect sizes from these meta-analyses indicated considerable variability across program targets and outcomes that differed substantially from Cohen’s (1988, Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.)) widely used set of conventions for assessing if effects are small, medium, or large. These updated mean effect size distributions will provide researchers, practitioners, and funders with more appropriate evidence-based standards for judging the relative effects of universal prevention programs for youth. Limitations in current data and directions for future work are also discussed.
Ultrafast nonthermal terahertz electrodynamics and possible quantum energy transfer in the Nb 3 Sn superconductor

We report terahertz (THz) electrodynamics of a moderately clean A15 superconductor (SC) following ultrafast excitation to manipulate quasiparticle (QP) transport. In the Martensitic normal state, we observe a photo enhancement in the THz conductivity using optical pulses, while the opposite is observed for the THz pump. This demonstrates wavelength-selective nonthermal control of conductivity distinct from sample heating. The photo enhancement persists up to an additional critical temperature, above the SC one, from a competing electronic order. In the SC state, the fluence dependence of pair-breaking kinetics together with an analytic model provides an implication for a ``one photon to one Cooper pair'' nonresonant energy transfer during the 35-fs laser pulse; i.e., the fitted photon energy $\ensuremath{\hbar}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{}$ absorption to create QPs set by $2{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{SC}/\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}=0.33%$. This is more than one order of magnitude smaller than in previously studied BCS SCs, which we attribute to strong electron-phonon coupling and possible influence of phonon condensation.
Screening and Referral for Childhood Obesity: Adherence to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation.

Introduction The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends clinicians screen children aged 6 years or older for obesity and offer or refer children with obesity to intensive weight management programs. This study explores clinician awareness of weight management programs meeting the recommendation, adherence to the recommendation of screening and referral, and associations between provider and practice characteristics and weight management program referrals. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the DocStyles survey 2017, a web-based panel survey, analyzed in 2017. Among 1,023 clinicians who see pediatric patients, this study examined clinician awareness of weight management programs in their communities that met the recommendation, practice of screening for childhood obesity, and referral to weight management programs. Multivariable logistic regression estimated associations between the demographic and practice characteristics of clinicians and weight management program referrals. Results Only 24.6% of surveyed clinicians were aware of a weight management program that met the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation in their community; of those aware, 88.9% referred patients to these weight management programs. Most (83.6%) clinicians screened children for obesity in ≥75% of visits. Overall, 53.5% of clinicians provided referrals to weight management programs. Referral was higher among female clinicians and clinicians serving mostly middle-income patients. Providers without teaching hospital privileges had lower odds of referral. Conclusions Adherence to clinical recommendations is essential to curbing the childhood obesity epidemic. Only one in four surveyed clinicians were aware of weight management programs in their community meeting U.S. Preventive Services Task Force criteria. Half of clinicians referred pediatric patients with obesity to a weight management program. Results suggest efforts are needed to increase awareness of, and referral to, weight management programs meeting the recommendation.
Are Co-users of Alcohol and Marijuana More Willing to Experience Consequences From Drinking? A Longitudinal Examination Among First-Year College Students.

Background Alcohol and marijuana co-users are at heightened vulnerability for experiencing a variety of negative alcohol use outcomes including heavier alcohol use and driving under the influence. The current study explored willingness to experience negative consequences as a potential factor underlying the association between co-user status and negative consequences in an effort to guide future intervention work. From a longitudinal study of first-year college students, we examined willingness to experience consequences at Time 2 as a mediator of co-user status at Time 1 and experience of negative consequences at Time 3. Methods First-year college student drinkers (n = 1,914) at a large university completed surveys in the fall and spring of their freshman year and the fall of their sophomore year. Results Alcohol and marijuana co-users reported higher willingness to experience consequences than alcohol-only users. Willingness to experience consequences partially explained the association between alcohol and marijuana couse and consequences. Conclusions The current study was the first to compare co-users of alcohol and marijuana to alcohol-only users on willingness to experience consequences, and examine the role of willingness as a mediator between co-user status and consequences experienced. Co-users were more willing to experience adverse effects from drinking, in turn predicting more consequences. Intervention work targeting consequences may be less effective for co-users; thus, additional work is needed to identify other potential mechanisms for change for this at-risk group.
A Glycoconjugated SIRT2 inhibitor with aqueous solubility allows structure-based design of SIRT2 inhibitors.

Small molecule inhibitors for SIRT2, a member of the sirtuin family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent protein lysine deacylases, have shown promise in treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Developing SIRT2-selective inhibitors with better pharmacological properties is key to further realize the therapeutic potential of targeting SIRT2. One of the best SIRT2-selective inhibitors reported is a thiomyristoyl lysine compound called TM, which showed promising anticancer activity in mouse models without much toxicity to normal cells. The main limitations of TM, however, are the low aqueous solubility and lack of X-ray crystal structures to aid future drug design. Here, we designed and synthesized a glucose-conjugated TM (glucose-TM) analog with superior aqueous solubility. Although glucose-TM is not cell permeable, the excellent aqueous solubility allowed us to obtain a crystal structure of SIRT2 in complex with it. The structure enabled us to design several new TM analogs, one of which, NH4-6, showed superior water solubility and better anticancer activity in cell culture. The results of these studies provided important insights that will further fuel the future development of improved SIRT2 inhibitors as promising therapeutics for treating cancer and neurodegeneration.
Film-théâtre, intermédialité et nouveaux enjeux esthétiques

Comment l’analyse intermediale permet-elle de souligner l’interpenetration mediatique a l’oeuvre entre la performance scenique et les modes d’ecriture de l’enregistrement audiovisuel du spectacle vivant ? Cet article evalue les manieres dont la rhetorique filmique agit sur le dispositif scenique, puis comment, a son tour, la scene influence l’esthetique inedite du film-theâtre, lui conferant un statut autotelique.
The Politics of Misinformation

The Politics of Misinformation is an examination of how concentrations of social and economic power result in public languages of politics that are necessarily image-based, vague, and misleading in their denial of undemocratic tendencies. As a result, public discourses of democracy tend to be populistic, emotional, and likely to emphasize images of progress rather than structural inequalities in their formulations of public problems. Similarly, discourses of policy solutions to public problems emphasize assumptions about rationality in policy processes that are equally poor descriptions of most political outcomes. In short, neither typical problem definitions nor solutions invite critical popular understanding or involvement in democratic politics.
Optically Resolved Fuel Regression of a Clear Polymethylmethacrylate Hybrid Rocket Motor

A novel fuel regression measurement technique was developed using a single-port, clear polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) grain and a high-resolution camera, providing temporally and spatially resolved ...
'Lawyering Beyond' Without Leaving Individual Clients Behind

The call to "lawyer beyond the individual client" inspires clinical teachers to explore ways that clinical legal education can continue to build on the traditional one client, one law student, one supervisor model. In the context of renewed calls for legal education to integrate more experiential learning throughout law school curricula, this exploration takes on a new dimension, providing an opportunity to envision how legal education, within and beyond the clinic, can be transformed. But as we answer the important call to move forward and envision new experiential and service learning opportunities, we must not leave behind the concerns, voices, faces, and invaluable teachings of our individual clients. The role that clients, as individuals, play in law school education, and in the identification of solutions to the issues facing their communities, must be respected, valued, and maintained as we develop new approaches to legal education.
Understanding loneliness among older populations in context of depression.

Commentary on : Martin-Maria N, Caballero FF, Lara E, et al . Effects of transient and chronic loneliness on major depression in older adults: A longitudinal study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry . 2021;36(1):76-85. doi: 10.1002/gps.5397. With a growing number of ageing populations across the world, prevalence of loneliness in older population ranges from 20% to 34% in Europe, USA and Asia.1 Understanding and addressing the social, psychological and healthcare use-related effects of loneliness is vital to general well-being in older populations. Transient loneliness refers to short and infrequent feelings of loneliness, whereas chronic loneliness alludes to feelings that last longer than 2 years.2 Martin-Maria et al …
Healthcare disparities in cardio oncology: patients receive same level of surveillance regardless of race at a safety net hospital

Cardiotoxicity remains a dreaded complication for patients undergoing chemotherapy with human epidermal growth factor (HER)-2 receptor antagonists and anthracyclines. Though many studies have looked at racial disparities in heart failure patients, minimal data is present for the cardio-oncology population. We queried the echocardiogram database at a safety net hospital, defined by a high proportion of patients with Medicaid or no insurance, for patients who received HER2 receptor antagonists and/or anthracyclines from January 2016 to December 2018. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were collected. Based on US census data in 2019, home ZIP codes were used to group patients into quartiles based on median annual household income. The primary end point studied was referral rate to cardiology for patients undergoing chemotherapy. We identified 149 patients who had echocardiograms and also underwent treatment with HER2 receptor antagonists and/or anthracyclines, of which 70 (47.0%) were referred to the cardio-oncology program at our institution. Basic demographics were similar, but white patients were more likely to live in ZIP codes with higher income quartiles (p 65), procedures (coronary stents, cardiac surgery), medications pre-chemotherapy, cancer type, cancer stage, and chemotherapy. This model found that there was an increased referral rate among patients from higher income quartiles (p = 0.017 for quartile 3, p = 0.049 for quartile 4), patients with a history of hypertension (p < 0.0001), and patients with breast cancer (p = 0.02). The results of this study suggest that patients of our cardio-oncology population at a safety net hospital receive the same level of surveillance and treatment, and develop drop in ejection fraction at similar rates regardless of their race. However, patients that reside in ZIP codes associated with higher income quartiles, with hypertension, and with breast cancer, are associated with increased rate of referral.
Intrinsic Gravitational Modes Sustained by Black Hole Collapsing Binaries

Intrinsic Gravitational Modes (IGM) involving electromagnetic field fluctuations are found that are sustained by the time-dependent tridimensional gravitational field of Black Hole binaries as their collapse is approached. These “disk-rippling” modes, emerging from a plasma disk structure surrounding a binary, have ballooning amplitude profiles in the “vertical” direction (referring to the binary angular momentum vector) and rotate mainly with a frequency of twice the binary rotation frequency in the limit where their phase velocity does not exceed the speed of light. Relevant mode–particle resonances (B. Coppi, Plasma Phys. Rep. 45, 438 (2019)) can provide a means to transfer energy from high to low energy populations (a process evidenced by laboratory experiments) and offer an explanation for the absence of detectable high-energy radiation emission as the observed collapse of Black Hole binaries is approached. When the disk structure is immersed in a (stationary) magnetic field (B. Coppi, Plasma Phys. Reports. 45, 438 (2019)), another class of modes, affected by gravity-sustained disk structures, has to be considered.
Paper by Carroll and Weil: A comment

I enjoyed reading this thought-provoking paper by Chris Carroll and David Weil. In particular, I liked their approach of searching for a unified explanation of the macroand micro-economic data. Carroll and Weil claim that among countries, income growth precedes increases in savings, and that among households, those with high predictable income-growth save more. They argue that these two empirical regularities are difficult to reconcile with a neoclassical model, and that habit formation can go part of the way towards explaining them. They conjecture that a model combining precautionary savings and habit formation may be able to explain the data. This seems a worthwhile line of research. I will argue, however, that the data could also be reconciled with a neoclassical model. The first part of the paper argues that the neoclassical model is difficult to reconcile with the finding that increases in growth precede increases in savings. Since income growth over a short period is not an exogenous variable in the neoclassical model, it is impossible to directly determine the effect of a change in growth on the savings rate. The question is whether plausible shocks to exogenous variables can cause increases in growth to precede increases in savings. Carroll and Weil examine two types of shocks changes in the discount rate and changes in the growth-rate of technology and argue that neither produces this effect. However, they examine each disturbance as a one-time event in a deterministic model. It seems possible that different results would obtain in a fully stochastic model. More fundamentally, neither of these types of shocks can be taken literally. It does not seem likely that individual countries receive permanent shocks to the growth rate of technology or the discount rate. A more plausible experiment might be shocks to taxes, regulation, the terms of trade, or the level of technology. With these shocks, growth could
WINCKELMANN AND CASANOVA IN ROME: A Case Study of Religion and Sexual Politics in Eighteenth‐Century Rome

There are three “scandals” that appear in most discussions of Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768), the so-called father of modern Art History: his allegedly careerist conversion to Catholicism in 1754; his semi-secret homoerotic discourse while under Vatican employ in the early-to-mid 1760s; and his shocking murder in Trieste in 1768. Of the three, Winckelmann's sexuality has garnered the most attention in recent scholarship. A little-known story reported by Casanova during his second visit to Rome in 1761 has something to do with that. In this essay, I argue that we make too much of sexuality these days and, in so doing, fail to register the far more radical religious activities in which Winckelmann was involved, most notably the creation and curation of the Vatican Museums, with their almost casual display of naked statues of pagan divinities. Winckelmann's “profanity,” not his sexuality, constitutes the revolutionary core of his life's work and enduring influence. The statues he discussed so passionately were not simply naked; they were pagan.
To Move Telepractice Toward the Future, We Should Look to the Past

Recent advances in technology have made communication and information access faster, less expensive, and more accessible than ever. These technologies afford a tremendous opportunity to grow telepr...
Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS)

The authors provide an overview of the NASA Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) and discuss the value of the technology for future communication systems. The high-risk technologies selected for ACTS were those having the potential to dramatically enhance the capabilities of the satellite communications industry. This experimental satellite, which is scheduled to be launched in 1992, will furnish very small aperture terminal digital networks which provide on-demand full mesh connectivity, 1.544 Mb/s services with only a single hop. Utilizing on-board switching and processing, each individual voice or data circuit can be separately routed to any location in the network. >
Complex Binding Phenomena

The methods for acquisition and initial analysis of radioligand binding phenomena were summarized in chapter 3. It was demonstrated that equations for linear transformations of binding data were derived assuming that a reversible bimolecular reaction occurred between ligand and receptor and that this interaction obeyed mass action law, namely *D + R ⇌ *DR. Consequently, when data transformations such as the Scatchard plot are nonlinear, when Hill coefficients (nH) do not equal 1.0, or when competition binding curves are not of normal steepness, additional complexities are suggested. Chapter 3 also provided guidelines for evaluating whether or not technical artifacts were responsible for departure of the data from that expected for a simple bimolecular reaction. Once technical artifacts have been excluded, complex binding phenomena suggest the existence of biological complexities which may provide insights into the molecular basis of receptor function.
Multiparameter Conformal Solution Theory — Application to Hydrocarbon Pure Fluid and Mixture Thermodynamic Properties

The basis for a multiparameter conformal solution theory which offers potential for applications to wide classes of fluid mixtures is discussed. The concept of conformality is invoked for functionals which are dimensionless integrals over the reference fluid radial distribution function in the Pople type of perturbation expansion rather than the usual requirement of conformality of reduced properties. For mixtures, a van der Waals one fluid type model is used to express mixture properties as hypothetical pure fluid properties with intermolecular potential parameters expressed as functions of the component potential parameters and composition. In addition to the usual separation and energy parameters, the intermolecular potential can include dipole, quadrupole, octupole and overlap potential parameters. A simplified version of the method yields accurate predictions for light hydrocarbon thermodynamic properties. Die Grundlagen fur eine konformale Multiparameter-Theorie der Losungen, die die Moglichkeit zur Anwendung auf eine grose Klasse von fluiden Mischungen anbietet. werden diskutiert. Das Konzept der Konformalitat wird fur Funktionale in Anspruch genommen, die in der Storungsentwicklung vom Pople-Typ dimensionslose Integrale uber die radiale Verteilungsfunktion der Referenzflussigkeit sind, anstatt die ubliche Forderung nach Konformalitat der reduzierten Eigenschaften zu stellen. Fur Mischungen wird ein van der Waals-Flussigkeitsmodell benutzt, um Eigenschaften von Mischungen durch Eigenschaften von hypothetischen reinen Flussigkeiten auszudrucken, die ihrerseits durch intermolekulare Potentialparameter definiert sind, welche als Funktion der Potentialparameter der Komponenten sowie der Zusammensetzung dargestellt werden. Zusatzlich zu den ublichen Abstands- und Energieparametern kann das intermolekulare Potential Dipol-, Quadrupol-, Oktupol- und Uberlappungspotentialparameter enthalten. Eine vereinfachte Form der Methode ermoglicht genaue Voraussagen uber die thermodynamischen Eigenschaften niedermolekularer Kohlenwasserstoffe.
From Picture Collection to Picture Collection Online

This article provides a historical overview of the creation of the New York Public Library's Picture Collection and its evolution from a physical collection to a virtual collection – Picture Collection Online. The Library built a unique Picture Collection 90 years ago to answer the users' needs for searching pictures from the subject point of view, a venture that resulted in a rich New York cultural resource. Today, the Library has once again risen to the challenge of a new information age to break the boundary of physical walls in order to expand its service via the World Wide Web to a global audience. From Picture Collection to Picture Collection Online, this article provides an account on what and how decisions were made to provide users with online access to a digitized version of the Picture Collection.
Lactational events related to glucocorticoid binding in bovine mammary tissue.

Abstract Various synthetic glucocorticoids reduced binding of tritiated Cortisol and tritiated dexamethasone to 700× g supernatant and precipitate fractions of mammary tissue slices from lactating cows. Unlabeled progesterone, testosterone, and 17 β -estradiol had no effect on tritiated glucocorticoid binding in mammary tissue slices. Cortexelone, Cortisol, triamcinolone, and dexamethasone inhibited [carbon-14] glucose incorporation into mammary tissue slices from lactating cows in a dose response relationship. Glucocorticoid binding to 700× g supernatant and precipitate fractions of mammary tissue was correlated with the ability of glucocorticoids to reduce [carbon-14] glucose uptake into 700× g supernatant fractions of mammary tissue slices from lactating cows. In experiments designed to measure mammary uptake of glucocorticoids, the differences in concentration of total glucocorticoids between external pudic artery and mammary vein were greatest at 6 (5.8ng/ml) and 12 (2.9ng/ml) min after the start of milking. These intervals correspond to the times when glucocorticoid concentrations in serum were maximal after application of the milking stimulus. We conclude that glucocorticoid uptake and binding are associated with lactational events.
Geometric Modeling Using Both Active And Passive Sensing

In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for modeling the structure of 3-D objects from multiple viewing directions using an integration of active and passive sensing. Construction of the structural description of a 3-D object is composed of two stages: (i) The surface orientation and partial structure are first inferred from a set of single views, and (ii) the visible surface structures inferred from different viewpoints are integrated to complete the description of the 3-D object. In the first stage, an active stripe coding technique is used for recovering visible surface orientation and partial structure. In the second stage, an iterative construction/refinement scheme is used which exploits both passive and active sensing for representing the object surfaces. The active sensing technique projects spatially modulated light patterns to encode the object surfaces for analysis. The visible surface orientation is inferred using a constraint satisfaction process based upon the observed orientation of the projected patterns. The visible surface structure is recovered by integrating a dense orientation map. For multiple view integration, the bounding volume description of the imaged object is first constructed using multiple occluding contours which are acquired through passive sensing. The bounding volume description is then refined using the partial surface structures inferred from active sensing. The final surface structure is recorded in a data structure where the surface contours in a set of parallel planar cross sections are stored. The system construction is inexpensive and the algorithms introduced are adaptive, versatile and suitable for applications in dynamic environments. We expect this approach to be widely applicable in the field of robotics, geometric modeling and factory automation.