cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An 18-month clinical evaluation of semiprecious and nonprecious alloy restorations

SEM studies indicate that the control alloy, Minigold, WLW, and Litecast metals presented similar results in relation to marginal fit when proper techniques are followed. Clinical evaluation based on the criteria of gingival irritation, patient sensitivity, and abrasion demonstrated no statistically significant differences between the casting alloys tested and the control. The control alloy had significantly fewer restorations with tarnish and corrosion than either WLW or Litecast. There was no significant difference between the control alloy and Minigold in terms of tarnish and corrosion.
Chinese Teachers' Perceptions of Students' Classroom Misbehaviour.

This study focuses on Chinese teachers' perceptions of students' classroom misbehaviour. A questionnaire was designed to assess teachers' general concerns about classroom management, teachers' perceptions of the most frequent and troublesome types of misbehaviour, and teachers' perceived needs for help with improving classroom management. A total of 244 responses were collected, from lower elementary to high school teachers in two provinces in mainland China. In general, the majority of Chinese teachers (65.6%) do not think that classroom management is a great concern. They perceive ‘daydreaming’ to be the most frequent and troublesome misbehaviour. This contrasts with many prior studies in Western settings where ‘talking out of turn’ has been reported as the biggest concern. In addition, Chinese teachers are eager to understand the psychological reasons behind student misbehaviour. They also suggest that the Chinese system of ‘teaching for testing’ should be reformed.
CUSP: a modular framework for high speed network applications on FPGAs

For several years now, modern FPGAs have included onchip network related hard cores. These cores include Xilinx's RocketIO and Altera's RapidIO serial transceivers. However, to use these cores in a complete networking application may be a daunting task to a non-networking expert. In addition to the complicated use of these components, the high performance needs of modern networking applications require designs that are optimized for low latency and a moderately high clock rate. Therefore to meet these challenges, we present CUSP (Click Utilizing Speculation and Parallelism)for reconfigurable hardware platforms.Click is an accepted software network router framework that is similar to CUSP, but specifically built for a Linux platform and software network routers. CUSP, while also having a modular design of reusable components, additionally provides automated speculation and parallelism to gain better performance on FPGAs. An accompanying scripting language allows quick creation of these routers from a body of existing components. We have implemented an example network application through the CUSP design flow and its performance will be compared against alternative network design methods.
Copulatory behavior of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

Three experiments were conducted to provide a quantitative description of copulation in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The overall copulatory pattern of gerbils may be characterized as containing multiple intromissions, multiple ejaculations, no intravaginal thrusting, and no lock. Mean intromission frequencies failed to approach the exceptionally high values reported by previous workers. As the present data indicate that gerbils lie within rather than outside the range of performance of other muroid rodents, it is suggested that earlier hypotheses regarding unusual insensitivity of gerbil reproductive systems are unnecessary. Sexual satiety (30 min with no intromissions) was attained following a mean of 4.8–6.9 ejaculations. In contrast to most other species, males typically failed to complete the final ejaculatory series, even after many intromissions. Implications of this unusual mode of development of satiety are discussed.
Interactions between Natural Organic Matter and Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized with Different Organic Capping Agents

The adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) to the surfaces of natural colloids and engineered nanoparticles is known to strongly influence, and in some cases control, their surface properties and aggregation behavior. As a result, the understanding of nanoparticle fate, transport, and toxicity in natural systems must include a fundamental framework for predicting such behavior. Using a suite of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different capping agents, the impact of surface functionality, presence of natural organic matter, and aqueous chemical composition (pH, ionic strength, and background electrolytes) on the surface charge and colloidal stability of each AuNP type was investigated. Capping agents used in this study were as follows: anionic (citrate and tannic acid), neutral (2,2,2-[mercaptoethoxy(ethoxy)]ethanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone), and cationic (mercaptopentyl(trimethylammonium)). Each AuNP type appeared to adsorb Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA) as evidenced by measurable decreases in zeta potential in the presence of 5 mg C L(-1) SRHA. It was found that 5 mg C L(-1) SRHA provided a stabilizing effect at low ionic strength and in the presence of only monovalent ions while elevated concentrations of divalent cations lead to enhanced aggregation. The colloidal stability of the NPs in the absence of NOM is a function of capping agent, pH, ionic strength, and electrolyte valence. In the presence of NOM at the conditions examined in this study, the capping agent is a less important determinant of stability, and the adsorption of NOM is a controlling factor.
Photorefractivity and storage of holograhic gratings in dye- and fullerene-doped nematic liquid crystal film

In this paper, we describe the basic mechanisms and dynamics of photorefractivity, and holographic grating formations in dye- and fullerene C60-doped nematic liquid crystal films. The effects are attributed to photo induced molecular axis reorientation in these nematic films. A nonlinear index coefficient n2 of 10-2 cm2/watt can be obtained in a 25 micrometer thick film, with an applied dc-voltage of approximately 1 volt. In fullerene C60-doped films, these laser induced gratings can be made permanent and electronically modulated; they can be turned off and on by an ac voltage with response times of approximately 100 microsecond(s) and a few ms, respectively.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Targeting intracellular bacteria with an extended cationic amphiphilic polyproline helix

An extended cationic and amphiphilic polyproline helix (CAPH) is described with a dual mode of action: effective cell penetration of human macrophages, and potent antimicrobial activity in vitro against both Gram-positive and negative pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli O157 and Bacillus anthracis. This dual action was successfully combined to clear pathogenic bacteria (Brucella and Salmonella) residing within macrophages.
Finite element analysis of thermal residual stress and temperature changes in cartilage during laser radiation

In this study, the rheological and phase behavior of porcine nasal cartilage were determined using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis and the principles of thermal analysis (TA). The results were then incorporated in a finite element analysis used to estimate thermal residual stress and temperature distributions during laser irradiation. The finite element analysis was conducted by using a commercially available code ABAQUS (Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen, Inc, USA) to solve the fully coupled thermo-mechanical equations. Arrhenius kinetics were used to obtain the activation energy associated with the phase transition as determined using DMTA and the results were compared with the energy of the phase transformation calculated using DSC. Laser-induced stress relaxation produced an increase in the von Mises stress within the simulation. The values generated during photo thermal heating were calculated assuming cartilage as an isotropic linear visoelastic material. The advantages and limitations of this approach technique are discussed, in particular with relevance to optimizing this procedure for use in clinical settings.
H0+N2 collisions at low-kilo-electron-volt energies.

Direct scattering ({r_arrow}H{sup 0}), stripping ({r_arrow}H{sup +}), and electron capture ({r_arrow}H{sup {minus}}) are studied at energies of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 keV in small-angle H{sup 0}+N{sub 2} collisions. Time-of-flight and electrostatic-energy analysis are used to identify the dominant collision processes. The electronically elastic channel is found to be weak beyond the very smallest scattering angles. As an example, at 1.0 keV, electronically inelastic processes dominate the collision for scattering angles larger than 0.2{degree}. Beyond the smallest angles, both the stripping and electron-capture processes can also result in electronic excitation of the N{sub 2} or N{sub 2}{sup +}. The reduced cross sections, when plotted as a function of reduced scattering angle, are shown to scale reasonably well for each of the three processes studied. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
Schistosoma haematobium: analysis of eggshell protein genes and their expression.

Abstract Eggshell protein genes of Schistosoma mansoni that encode a 14 kDa protein have been shown to be highly conserved and expressed in a sex-, tissue-, and temporal-specific manner. To initiate studies on the eggshell protein genes of S. haematobium, a cDNA probe, pSMf 61-46, representing a S. mansoni eggshell protein mRNA was used to screen a S. haematobium genomic library. Of the seven independent recombinant clones isolated, two (λSH 2-1 and λSH 6-1) were analyzed and compared to those of S. mansoni. λSH 2-1 and λSH 6-1 each contain a different genomic copy of the gene encoding a 19.8 and 17.6 kDa protein, respectively. This is due to an additional 78 bp present in the coding region of λSH 2-1 relative to λSH 6-1. The rest of the coding sequences are identical, and the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions are nearly identical. The deduced amino acid sequences of S. haematobium eggshell proteins are very rich in glycine (47 and 50%) when compared to 43.5% glycine in the protein encoded by S. mansoni. Long stretches of glycines, as many as 15 in a row, occur in the S. haematobium sequence. DNA comparison of the eggshell protein genes of the two schistosome species yielded an overall homology of 83.1%. The homology is much higher in the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions than in the protein-coding regions. Genomic clones of both species contained second open reading frames, which appeared to be kept open as a consequence of the amino acid composition of the other. There are no introns in S. haematobium or S. mansoni eggshell protein genes, and the genomic Southern data indicated a similar arrangement of these genes in the genome of both species. Primer extension experiments and dideoxynucleotide sequencing of the RNA determined the mRNA cap site sequence as ATCAT and ATCAC in λSH 2-1 and λSH 6-1, respectively. Northern blot analysis determined the size of the mRNA to be about 1.0 kp. Expression of the RNA from these genes appears to be regulated in a manner similar to the corresponding genes in S. mansoni. mRNA is found only in mature females and first appears at 70 days after infection of hamsters. DNA sequence comparisons of the 5′ flanking regions of S. haematobium and S. mansoni eggshell protein genes to each other and to those of silkmoth and Drosophila revealed several short sequence elements that are shared. Particularly interesting is a hexanucleotide, TCACGT, found to be an essential cis-acting regulatory element for chorion gene expression of both silkmoth and Drosophila and now found in all S. haematobium and S. mansoni eggshell protein genes sequenced to date.
Use of Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain: Case Series and Review of the Literature

Introduction: Despite technical advances in spinal cord stimulation (SCS), there is a paucity of recent literature regarding SCS for phantom limb pain. Methods: Between January 2003 and May 2008, four patients at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center underwent SCS for intractable phantom limb pain. A retrospective chart review was performed to assess outcomes and complications. A PubMed search was performed to review previously published series regarding the efficacy of SCS for phantom limb pain. Results: Postoperatively, all patients subjectively reported excellent pain relief (>80%). Patients were all followed with the Brief Pain Inventory. Patients 1 to 3 each reported a two-point decrease in their usual amount of pain using the numerical rating scale. Patient 4's numerical pain scale was unchanged. When using an 11-point scale to assess other symptomology along 10 dimensions, patients 1 to 3 demonstrated a decrease in their total symptom score by 13, 14, and 4 points, respectively. Patient 4 reported an increase by 5 points in his total symptom score. With regard to complications, patient 2 developed an allergic dermatitis to the generator requiring revision with a polyfluoroethylene (GorTex) pouch. Patient 3 developed a surgical site infection after an implantable pulse generator change. Patients 2 to 4 were very satisfied with their stimulator and would choose to undergo implantation again, with patient 1 having an equivocal response. Conclusions: For selected patients who have not obtained adequate relief with medical management, SCS for phantom limb pain can prove an effective intervention. ▪
Linking brain behavior to underlying cellular mechanisms via large-scale brain modeling and simulation

To understand brain behaviors, it is important to directly associate the network level activities to the underlying biophysical mechanisms, which require large-scale simulations with biophysically realistic neural models like Hodgkin-Huxley models. However, when simulations are conducted on models with sufficient biophysical details, great challenges arise from limited computer power, thereby restricting most existing computational works with biophysical models only to small-scale networks. On the other hand, with the emergence of powerful computing platforms, many recent works are geared to performing large-scale simulations with simple spiking models. However, the applicability of those works is limited by the nature of the underlying phenomenological model. To bridge the gap, an intermediate step is taken to construct a scalable brain model with sufficient biophysical details. In this work, great efforts are devoted to taking into account not only local cortical microcircuits but also the global brain architecture, and efficient techniques are proposed and adopted to address the associated computational challenges in simulation of networks of such complexity. With the customized simulator developed, we are able to simulate the brain model to generate not only sleep spindle and delta waves but also the spike-and-wave pattern of absence seizures, and directly link those behaviors to underlying biophysical mechanism. Those initial results are interesting because they show the possibility to determine underlying causes of diseases by simulating the biologically realistic brain model. With further development, the work is geared to assisting the clinicians in selecting the optimal treatment on an individual basis in the future.
SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TRANSFER THEORY: A THEORETICAL ASSESSMENT1

Extrapolation from laboratory experiments to real life learning situations is not a scientifically rigorous process. Nevertheless, it is possible to be systematic without at the same time being rigid about the manner in which additions to knowledge are made. The analysis of transfer effects in second language learning should be molecular and have a systematic character that could potentially organize the knowledge language teachers have developed through their experience in the classroom. The analysis presented in the paper outlines some specific transfer expectations under four different conditions of second language acquisition: coordinate and compound training for related and unrelated languages. Some unexpected predictions are generated; for example, with related languages a compound setting will yield more positive transfer (hence be more facilitative) than a coordinate setting. Similarities between two languages in terms of their surface features are more relevant to the operation of transfer effects than deep structure relations. A distinction must be made between structural factors based on contrastive analyses and non-structural factors pertaining to the learner's attitudes and the sociolinguistic context of the learning situation. Transfer effects operate at various levels of language functioning (e.g., mechanical skills, semantic sensitivity, communicative competence) and measures to assess these effects are suggested.
Blind calibration of sensor networks

This paper considers the problem of blindly calibrating sensor response using routine sensor network measurements. We show that as long as the sensors slightly oversample the signals of interest, then unknown sensor gains can be perfectly recovered. Remarkably, neither a controlled stimulus nor a dense deployment is required. We also characterize necessary and sufficient conditions for the identification of unknown sensor offsets. Our results exploit incoherence conditions between the basis for the signals and the canonical or natural basis for the sensor measurements. Practical algorithms for gain and offset identification are proposed based on the singular value decomposition and standard least squares techniques. We investigate the robustness of the proposed algorithms to model mismatch and noise on both simulated data and on data from current sensor network deployments.
Enhancers and suppressors of testicular cancer susceptibility in single- and double-mutant mice.

Susceptibility to spontaneous testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), a common cancer affecting young men, shows unusual genetic complexity. Despite remarkable progress in the genetics analysis of susceptibility to many cancers, TGCT susceptibility genes have not yet been identified. Various mutations that are inherited as Mendelian traits in laboratory mice affect susceptibility to spontaneous TGCTs on the 129/Sv inbred genetic background. We compared the frequency of spontaneous TGCTs in single- and double-mutant mice to identify combinations that show evidence of enhancer or suppressor effects. The lower-than-expected TGCT frequencies in mice with partial deficiencies of TRP53 and MGF-SLJ and in 129.MOLF-Chr19 (M19) consomic mice that were heterozygous for the A y mutation suggest that either these genes complement each other to restore normal functionality in TGCT stem cells or together these genes activate mechanisms that suppress incipient TGCTs. By contrast, the higher-than-expected TGCT frequencies in Mgf Sl-J -M19 compound heterozygous mice suggest that these mutations exacerbate each other’s effects. Together, these results provide clues to the genetic and molecular basis for susceptibility to TGCTs in mice and perhaps in humans.
Cell-Oriented Modeling of In Vitro Capillary Development

We introduce a Cellular Potts model (a cellular-automaton-based Monte-Carlo model) of in vitro capillary development, or angiogenesis. Our model derives from a recent continuum model, which assumes that vascular endothelial cells chemotactically attract each other. Our discrete model is “cell based.” Modeling the cells individually allows us to assign different physicochemical properties to each cell and to study how these properties affect the vascular pattern. Using the model, we assess the roles of intercellular adhesion, cell shape and chemoattractant saturation in in vitro capillary development. We discuss how our computational model can serve as a tool for experimental biologists to “pre-test” hypotheses and to suggest new experiments.
High-level library mapping for arithmetic components

We describe high-level library mapping (HLLM), a technique that permits reuse of complex RT-level databook components (specifically ALUs). HLLM can be used to couple existing databook libraries, module generators and custom-designed components with the output of architectural or behavioral synthesis. In this paper, we define the problem of high-level library mapping, present some algorithmic formulations for HLLM of ALUs, and demonstrate the versatility of our approach on a variety of libraries. We also compare HLLM against the traditional mapping approach using logic synthesis. Our experiments show that HLLM for ALUs outperforms logic synthesis in area, delay, and runtime, indicating that HLLM is a promising approach for reuse of datapath components in architectural design and high-level synthesis.
What Do Physicians Know and Say about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: A Survey of Obstetricians, Pediatricians, and Family Medicine Physicians

Pediatricians, obstetricians, and family practice physicians in Michigan were surveyed by mail for their knowledge and opinions about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE). Physicians said that about 67% of their patients raised questions about drinking during pregnancy but only 2% specifically referred to FAS or FAE. Most physicians were uncertain about whether their colleagues were sufficiently aware of FAS, whether FAS could be diagnosed at birth, or if physicians were acquainted with the syndrome's major criteria. However, most believed FAS was not being overdiagnosed and believed that making a diagnosis of FAS at birth could lead to improved treatment of an affected child. Physicians also believed that physician counseling was a more effective way of reducing the incidence of FAS/FAE than warning labels. Forty-one percent of the physicians placed the threshold for FAS at one to three drinks per day and 38% placed the threshold at one or fewer drinks a day. Thirty-five percent placed the estimated incidence of FAS at 1 to 2 per 1000 in the United States. We conclude that physicians are in relative agreement about the effects of drinking during pregnancy and the value of physician counseling but are misguided as to what constitutes a true risk level of drinking as far as the etiology of FAS is concerned.
CB: Exploring neuroscience with a humanoid research platform

In this video presentation we introduce a 50 degrees of freedom humanoid robot, CB - Computational Brain [1]. CB is a humanoid robot created for exploring the underlying processing of the human brain while dealing with the real world. We place our investigations within real world contexts, as humans do. In so doing, we focus on utilising a system that is closer to humans - in sensing, kinematics configuration and performance. We present a full-body compliance controller that was developed for the motion control of our humanoid robot [2]. Our initial experimentation on our system includes: 1) full-body compliant control - physical interactions/balancing/motion control; 2) the integrated visual ocular-motor responses; 3) perception and control - reaching, foveation, and active object recognition; 4) our studies of Central Pattern Generator for walking.
Multiclass Real-Time Intent Recognition of a Powered Lower Limb Prosthesis

This paper describes a control architecture and intent recognition approach for the real-time supervisory control of a powered lower limb prosthesis. The approach infers user intent to stand, sit, or walk, by recognizing patterns in prosthesis sensor data in real time, without the need for instrumentation of the sound-side leg. Specifically, the intent recognizer utilizes time-based features extracted from frames of prosthesis signals, which are subsequently reduced to a lower dimensionality (for computational efficiency). These data are initially used to train intent models, which classify the patterns as standing, sitting, or walking. The trained models are subsequently used to infer the user's intent in real time. In addition to describing the generalized control approach, this paper describes the implementation of this approach on a single unilateral transfemoral amputee subject and demonstrates via experiments the effectiveness of the approach. In the real-time supervisory control experiments, the intent recognizer identified all 90 activity-mode transitions, switching the underlying middle-level controllers without any perceivable delay by the user. The intent recognizer also identified six activity-mode transitions, which were not intended by the user. Due to the intentional overlapping functionality of the middle-level controllers, the incorrect classifications neither caused problems in functionality, nor were perceived by the user.
Prediction of NBTI degradation for circuit under AC operation

A model predicting the negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) reliability of high performance nitrided oxides is developed from discrete p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (PMOSFET) data and verified with ring oscillator degradation in various frequencies for up to 1GHz. Based on the experimental data and the simulation results, hole traps generation is considered to be major factor for AC NBTI degradation. An AC/DC NBTI improvement factor of around 10 has been observed at low frequency of 0.01Hz while it is significantly larger (∼10000) at 1GHz frequency range. It is established that the measurement techniques are very crucial for accurate NBTI reliability estimation.
Structural and biochemical studies of the distinct activity profiles of Rai1 enzymes

Recent studies showed that Rai1 and its homologs are a crucial component of the mRNA 5′-end capping quality control mechanism. They can possess RNA 5′-end pyrophosphohydrolase (PPH), decapping, and 5′-3′ exonuclease (toward 5′ monophosphate RNA) activities, which help to degrade mRNAs with incomplete 5′-end capping. A single active site in the enzyme supports these apparently distinct activities. However, each Rai1 protein studied so far has a unique set of activities, and the molecular basis for these differences are not known. Here, we have characterized the highly diverse activity profiles of Rai1 homologs from a collection of fungal organisms and identified a new activity for these enzymes, 5′-end triphosphonucleotide hydrolase (TPH) instead of PPH activity. Crystal structures of two of these enzymes bound to RNA oligonucleotides reveal differences in the RNA binding modes. Structure-based mutations of these enzymes, changing residues that contact the RNA but are poorly conserved, have substantial effects on their activity, providing a framework to begin to understand the molecular basis for the different activity profiles.
In person versus telephone treatment for obesity

Abstract This study examines the delivery of group treatment for obesity to 68 subjects on a university campus. Treatment conditions consisted of a pre-professional led group, groups led by trained or untrained paraprofessionals, and a telephone contact group. Results indicated significant decreases in weight and percent obesity for all four treatment groups vs controls, with no between-group differences. It is of particular interest that there were no differences between the combined in-person groups and the telephone contact group.
Outcomes of patients with malignant melanoma treated with immunotherapy prior to or after vemurafenib.

8569 Background: Treatment of patients (pts) with BRAF mutant malignant melanoma (MM) with vemurafenib (vem), a BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi), is associated with a high response rate (RR) and improvement in progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to standard chemotherapy. Responses to vem are typically not durable and most pts require additional therapy. However, there is little data to guide sequencing of vem with other standard therapies such as ipilimumab (ipi) or interleukin 2 (IL-2). Methods: 43 pts treated with vem as part of clinical trials from 2009-2012 were retrospectively identified. RR of vem was calculated for all pts as well as for pts treated with immunotherapy (IT) prior to vem. The OS from first systemic and vem treatment, duration of vem therapy, OS from when pts came off vem, and PFS and OS for post-vem ipi was determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results: Of the 43 pts, 11 remain on vem and 32 are off vem (19 deceased) with a median follow up of 19 mo. Pre-vem L...
Collisional redistribution of radiation. II. The effects of degeneracy on the equations of motion for the density matrix

We apply the analysis of paper I to degenerate atomic systems and calculate the effect of correlations between an atom (the absorber) and perturbers in the binary-collision approximation. The result of our calculation is a generalized absorption profile that specifies the final state of the atom an absorption event. This profile is then related to the total intensities of Rayleigh scattering and fluorescence (redistributed radiation) from the atom. The profile is expressed in terms of collision operators that depend on the index of the multipole of the atom that is created. Some of the operators represent correlations between radiative and collisional events and cannot, except in certain limits, be expressed in terms of the usual line-broadening operators. This, of course, implies that one needs extra dynamical information, on top of that obtainable from ordinary absorption experiments, to be able to describe redistribution. Conversely, redistribution offers a probe of collisional dynamics, not given by absorption experiments, via the polarization of fluorescent light. We give practical expressions for the calculation of these operators and discuss their implications.
Explicitly Correlated Methods within the ccCA Methodology.

The prediction of energetic properties within “chemical accuracy” (1 kcal mol–1 from well-established experiment) can be a major challenge in computational quantum chemistry due to the computational requirements (computer time, memory, and disk space) needed to achieve this level of accuracy. Methodologies such as coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T)) combined with very large basis sets are often required to reach this level of accuracy. Unfortunately, such calculations quickly become cost prohibitive as system size increases. Our group has developed an ab initio composite method, the correlation consistent Composite Approach (ccCA), which enables such accuracy to be possible, on average, but at reduced computational cost as compared with CCSD(T) in combination with a large basis set. While ccCA has proven quite useful, computational bottlenecks still occur. In this study, the means to reduce the computational cost of ccCA without compromising accuracy by utili...
Development and Research of Automobile Diagnosis System Communication

For the Major and difficult issues of Automotive diagnostic systems software development process——Serial Communication and Introduced the design method that the Serial Communication of the diagnose trouble.With the modularization design actualized the Communication of the SCM,the computer and the ECU,so that diagnose the car trouble.
Pulse shaping in dispersive transmission lines

A technique for generating monotonically increasing electrical waveforms with high-voltage amplitude in the nanosecond and subnanosecond time scale has been developed. This method employs the dispersive properties of transmission lines near their cutoff frequency to generate useful pulse shapes. These properties have been predicted by Hasnain et al.1 and observed by Valdmanis et al.2 in the picosecond range. This works extends the concept to the nanosecond and subnanosecond time scale.
A full life-cycle methodology for structured use-centered quantitative usability requirements specification and usability evaluation of websites

World Wide Web has gained its dominant status in the cyber information and services delivery world in recent years. But how to specify website usability requirements and how to evaluate and improve website usability according to its usability requirements specification are still big issues to all the stakeholders. To help solve this problem, we propose a website usability requirements specification and usability evaluation methodology that features a structured use-centered quantitative full life-cycle method. A validation experiment has been designed and conducted to prove the validity of the proposed methodology, QUEST (Quantitative Usability Equations SeT). Its principle is to prove that QUEST has stronger website usability evaluation capability than the most typical existing usability evaluation methods. Apparently, if QUEST’s website usability evaluation capability is established, then its usability metrics can be used to quantitatively specify upfront user usability requirements for websites. In the validation experiment, 7 usability experts and 20 student subjects were recruited to perform 4 tasks on 2 open source calendar websites, WebCalendar 1.0.5 and VCalendar 1.5.3.1; 4 sets of usability data had been collected, which were corresponding to the following 4 usability evaluation methods respectively: expert usability review, traditional user usability testing, SUS (System Usability Scale), and QUEST. According to the experiment results: both the expert usability review and the traditional user usability testing were inconclusive on which of the 2 target websites had better usability; although SUS rated the overall usability of WebCalendar 1.0.5 at 66.00 and VCalendar 1.5.3.1 at 61.75, it was subjective and vague on usability problems; in contrast, QUEST not only rated the overall usability of WebCalendar 1.0.5 at 56.59 and VCalendar 1.5.3.1 at 35.97, but also revealed where the usability problems were and how severe each usability problem was in a quantitative manner. In conclusion, it clearly can be stated that QUEST has stronger website usability evaluation capability than all other 3 most typical existing usability evaluation methods. So, the proposed methodology has been validated by the experiment results.
Environmental flows in the context of unconventional natural gas development in the Marcellus Shale.

Quantitative flow-ecology relationships are needed to evaluate how water withdrawals for unconventional natural gas development may impact aquatic ecosystems. Addressing this need, we studied current patterns of hydrologic alteration in the Marcellus Shale region and related the estimated flow alteration to fish community measures. We then used these empirical flow-ecology relationships to evaluate alternative surface water withdrawals and environmental flow rules. Reduced high-flow magnitude, dampened rates of change, and increased low-flow magnitudes were apparent regionally, but changes in many of the flow metrics likely to be sensitive to withdrawals also showed substantial regional variation. Fish community measures were significantly related to flow alteration, including declines in species richness with diminished annual runoff, winter low-flow, and summer median-flow. In addition, the relative abundance of intolerant taxa decreased with reduced winter high-flow and increased flow constancy, while fluvial specialist species decreased with reduced winter and annual flows. Stream size strongly mediated both the impact of withdrawal scenarios and the protection afforded by environmental flow standards. Under the most intense withdrawal scenario, 75% of reference headwaters and creeks (drainage areas <99 km2) experienced at least 78% reduction in summer flow, whereas little change was predicted for larger rivers. Moreover, the least intense withdrawal scenario still reduced summer flows by at least 21% for 50% of headwaters and creeks. The observed 90th quantile flow-ecology relationships indicate that such alteration could reduce species richness by 23% or more. Seasonally varying environmental flow standards and high fixed minimum flows protected the most streams from hydrologic alteration, but common minimum flow standards left numerous locations vulnerable to substantial flow alteration. This study clarifies how additional water demands in the region may adversely affect freshwater biological integrity. The results make clear that policies to limit or prevent water withdrawals from smaller streams can reduce the risk of ecosystem impairment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Nanoprobing on the SRAM static noise margin (SNM) soft fail analysis

As the semiconductor technology continues to scale, the stability and performance of embedded SRAM are growing concerns during the design and analysis stages. Maintaining an acceptable Static Noise Margin (SNM) in the embedded SRAM while scaling the minimum feature size and supply voltage of the integrated circuit (IC) becomes increasingly challenging. As a result, the manufacturing process window continues to shrink. This increases the difficulty for the failure analysis as many soft failures are induced by the reducing process margin. In this paper, a case study on an advanced technology node embedded SRAM soft fail was analyzed. Nanoprobing was employed at the room temperature to do SNM analysis at Metal 1 on the suspected location. Abnormal SNM window was observed at the room temperature analysis. Further analysis at high temperature on the same bit confirmed the soft failure bit. This correlates to the testing failure mode result. This case study is a good example for others who encounter same kind of the embedded SRAM soft failure.
Hospital Volume and Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Lobectomies

Background The positive impact of hospital operative volume on outcomes following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been established. The goal of this study was to determine whether or not this volume/outcome relationship translates to robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RobATS) lobectomy. Methods Patients who underwent RobATS lobectomy were identified between 2008 and 2013 in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample database. Hospital volume, as well as demographic, clinical, and health-care system-related factors were selected as potential predictors of outcomes. Outcome variables included length of stay (LOS), inpatient mortality, and complications. Hospitals were designated by quartiles according to annual case volume, with very low-volume defined as the first quartile and high-volume defined as the fourth quartile. Regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of the outcomes of interest. Results A total of 8,253 RobATS lobectomies were identified. Compared with very low-volume centers, patients at high-volume hospitals had a shorter mean LOS (5.8 vs 6.5 days; P = .001) and decreased mortality rate (0.5% vs 1.9%; P P = .025). In multivariable analysis, high hospital volume was prognostic for decreased mortality (OR, 0.134; P .001) and shorter LOS (0.2 days; SE, 0.05; P .001). Hospital volume was not prognostic for any complications, including pulmonary, cardiovascular, intraoperative, or infectious complications. Conclusions Undergoing lobectomy at high-volume RobATS centers confers favorable mortality and LOS outcomes compared with very low-volume centers. In this relatively early phase of adoption of RobATS, the long-term clinical impact of differences in LOS as well as the lack of clinical impact on the incidence of complications remain to be determined more definitively. However, the beneficial effect of volume on mortality suggests a need for the careful adoption of this promising technology.
MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL LANGUAGES

This paper describes the design of a system for parsing ancient Greek morphologically, taking into account the distinctive requirements of studying a historical language. Sets of stems and inflectional patterns identified by URNs are expressed in a specified orthography, and are loaded dynamically when the parser is built. Analytical results are also expressed with URN values for lexical entity and form, so that replies identify both the result of the analysis and the logic leading to the result. The underlying engine uses finite transducers to collect possible analyses of Greek words stripped of accents. A wrapper program implements an ‘analysis by synthesis’ algorithm by adding appropriate accents for each candidate analysis, and comparing the result to the originally submitted form. Parsers can be built or tailored to specific corpora without programming, by editing tables of stems and inflectional patterns.
Sexual and Behavioral Health Disparities Among Sexual Minority Hispanics/Latinos: Findings From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2014.

Introduction Hispanics/Latinos (henceforth, Latinos) are the largest minority group in the U.S. With growing health disparities among this group, the highest burden remains among sexual and gender minority Latinos. Differences regarding sexual orientation have not been fully explored within this group using national representative samples. This study analyzed sexual and behavioral health disparities associated with sexual minority status among Latinos in the U.S. Methods The study included data from 5,598 Latino adults who participated in the 2001–2014 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data analysis was conducted in 2016. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses examined the prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, mental health problems, cigarette smoking, and alcohol/illicit drug use among sexual minorities and heterosexual Latino adults. Sexual minorities were defined as “gay, lesbian, and bisexual” (GLB) and “other” non-heterosexual groups. Results GLB Latinos reported higher prevalence of mental health problems and cigarette smoking compared with heterosexuals. After adjusting for covariates, GLB Latinos had greater odds of testing positive for HIV, lifetime diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections, poor mental health outcomes, cigarette smoking (including lifetime and current smoking status), and illicit drug use than heterosexuals. Conclusions The disproportionate impact of health disparities among Latinos varies significantly by sexual orientation, with GLB individuals facing elevated prevalence. In particular, elevated odds for HIV/sexually transmitted infections, mental health problems, smoking, and illicit substance use were found. Further research, including longitudinal studies to understand the trajectories of risks, is needed to identify intervention opportunities in this population.
Complete Pathway Elucidation and Heterologous Reconstitution of Rhodiola Salidroside Biosynthesis

Salidroside is a bioactive tyrosine-derived phenolic natural product found in medicinal plants under the Rhodiola genus. In addition to their anti-fatigue and anti-anoxia roles in traditional medicine, Rhodiola total extract and salidroside have also displayed medicinal properties as anti-cardiovascular diseases and anti-cancer agents. The resulting surge in global demand of Rhodiola plants and salidroside has driven some species close to extinction. Here, we report the full elucidation of the Rhodiola salidroside biosynthetic pathway utilizing the first comprehensive transcriptomics and metabolomics datasets for Rhodiola rosea. Unlike the previously proposed pathway involving separate decarboxylation and deamination enzymatic steps from tyrosine to the key intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (4-HPAA), Rhodiola contains a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent 4-HPAA synthase that directly converts tyrosine to 4-HPAA. We further identified genes encoding the subsequent 4-HPAA reductase and tyrosol:UDP-glucose 8-O-glucosyltransferase, respectively, to complete salidroside biosynthesis in Rhodiola. We show that heterologous production of salidroside can be achieved in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as the plant Nicotiana benthamiana through transgenic expression of Rhodiola salidroside biosynthetic genes. This study provides new tools for engineering sustainable production of salidroside in heterologous hosts.
A Critical Review of Recent Literature on Populism

This is a review article of the following five recent studies on populism: 1) Ruth Wodak’s The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean (Sage, 2015); 2) Benjamin Moffitt’s The Global Rise of Populism: Performance, Political Style and Representation (Stanford University Press, 2016); 3) Cas Mudde and Cristobal Rovira Kaltwasser’s Populism: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2017); 4) Jan-Werner Muller’s What is Populism? (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016); and 5) John B. Judis’ The Populist Explosion: How the Great Recession Transformed American and European Politics (Columbia Global Reports, 2016). The review argues for a return to early Frankfurt School Critical Theory to address some of the shortcomings of these studies.
Ischemic Strokes and Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke causes 9% of all deaths worldwide and is the second most common cause of death after ischemic heart disease. In over 75% of cases the stroke is ischemic in nature. However, unlike acute myocardial infarction, therapeutic interventions which attempt to limit infarct size have been of limited success. Indeed, apart from thrombolytic therapy in a highly selected group of patients (probably less than 5% of “stroke” patients) and aspirin, no therapeutic intervention has been demonstrated to impact on the course of this illness. Considering these data, the rationale for admitting patients to an ICU needs to be evaluated. In addition, aspects of medical care which maximize the potential for recovery and limit complications need to be explored. In most instances, such treatment is best provided by specialized “low-technology” stroke units.
TCT-813 Assessing Relative Importance for Attributes of Radial and Femoral Artery PCI Amongst Healthy Online-Recruited Volunteers

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is typically performed with vascular access provided by the radial or femoral artery. The choice of vascular access for coronary angiography should be patient-centered and sensitive to the patient’s perspective. However, little is known about how
Pierre Robin Sequence, from conception to realization

Abstract Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) comprises a combination of craniofacial defects, including micro/retrognathia, glossoptosis, and respiratory obstruction. Cleft palate is often associated with PRS, however it is not required for diagnosis. The diagnostic criteria for PRS is poorly defined with a large variation in phenotypic presentation. Multiple theories exist regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of PRS, including mechanical, neurological maturation, and rhombencephalic dysneurulation. PRS can be classified into isolated PRS, syndromic PRS, and associated PRS. Defining the classification can aid in determining a treatment plan. Management is largely dependent upon the infant's phenotypic presentation and may require respiratory support with possible surgical intervention to maintain airway patency. Implications for the caregiver focus on identifying the PRS phenotype, obtaining a thorough prenatal history, developing a multidisciplinary approach to care, and ensuring growth and development are supported. Through thorough management positive outcomes are achievable in the infant with PRS.