cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Development of an Enhanced Multi-Objective Robust Genetic Algorithm for Groundwater Remediation Design under Uncertainty

This work enhances the multi-objective robust genetic algorithm (MRGA) for groundwater remediation design under uncertainty presented by Chan Hilton and Beckford. A new genetic algorithm (GA) is developed, which couples the MRGA for optimization under parameter uncertainty with a fast elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm for multi-objective optimization (NSGA-II). This work is significant due to the innate uncertainty involved in ascertaining aquifer parameter values and the multi-objective nature of groundwater management problems. This parameter uncertainty makes it difficult to identify an optimal remediation design based on a deterministic description of the aquifer. The overall MRGA simulation-optimization approach unites a GA with a contaminant fate and transport simulation model and a spatially correlated random field generator for hydraulic conductivity values to determine tradeoffs between expected remediation design cost and reliability. The GA is a stochastic search method that mimics survival of the fittest through the selection, crossover, and mutation operators. One advantage of the enhanced MRGA (EMRGA) over other GA optimization approaches is its ability to efficiently solve optimization problems that are both multi-objective and include parameter uncertainty.
Digital Simulation Study on Some Issues of Extra-High Voltage and Ultra-Long Span Transmission Line

The ultra-long span means thousand kilometers and even six thousand kilometers transmission distance.In this paper,a preliminary experimental study is made of some cases in the RTDS.they are open-end in ultra-long transmission lines,3 000 kilometers transmission lines(50 cycles per sec,half-wave length)are transmitted natural power,semi-natural power and 1.5 times natural power,and small changes in frequency when the power is running and so on.At the last,the validation results and preliminary analysis are summarized.The purpose of this paper is to share the results of the experiment,but the relevant issues how to achieve for 3 000 kilometers transmission lines are not involved.
Risk assessment Approach Based on Data Fusion Technology and HMMs Model

In the field of information security,information systems risk assessment is very important to guide decision-makers"investment costs" and"security level" to find a balance between the developments of protection strategies for the grading of asset risk and mitigation plans. With the rapid development of information security risk assessment methodology,the data processing using by traditional risk assessment methods are relatively simple,the overall risk assessment of system is relatively weak. The paper proposes a probabilistic risk assessment method based on data fusion and hidden Markov models. Using data fusion technology,the information provided by a variety of security tools to be intelligent analysis,synthesis,and the generated data is more accurate,complete and reliable than single source of information,and we introduce an effective risk assessment using hidden Markov models(HMMs) in order to predict future security states and to quantify dynamically changing enterprise information system assets by exploring possible security states from an insider user's perspective. Using data from different sources and the probability information given by the expert,enterprise critical assets could be assessed for their risk levels to determine the future risk level of each dynamically changing asset due to internally or externally induced threats.
Principles underlying selection of outcomes in Alzheimer disease research.

The purpose of this study was to measure resource consumption associated with the provision of nonmedical care to noninstitutionalized patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) residing in the Lombardy Region of Italy. A questionnaire was mailed to 1,501 caregivers who sought advice from the "Federation Alzheimer Italia" in 1995. On the basis of 616 returned questionnaires, the authors estimated that a patient with AD requires 18 hours per week of paid nonmedical services and 45 hours per week of personal care provided by a primary caregiver. Primary caregivers are more likely to be women, spouses, and retired. Almost 7 of 10 patients are supported by at least a second caregiver. Annual expenditure for nonmedical cost per patient with AD is estimated to be L 13,388,000 (U.S. $8,218). Using the replacement cost approach, the authors estimated the economic cost of informal (unpaid) care to be L 72,877,000 (U.S. $44,736). Despite some limitations in the design of the survey, this first Italian study on primary data highlights the impressive economic burden of AD on families. It also shows that AD puts many Italian families at great financial risk. Adequate and timely funding arrangements should be urgently found to make resources available to future generations of patients.
Pharmacologic treatment of acute congestive heart failure resulting from left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction.

Patients presenting in acute congestive heart failure demonstrate severe dyspnea, rales, hypoxia, and chest radiograph findings of acute pulmonary vascular congestion. Not all patients, however, have systolic left ventricular dysfunction. While initial stabilization of an acute episode in decompensated heart failure may follow a common pathway, understanding the nature of the dysfunction is important in selecting both short-term and long-term pharmacologic interventions required in the patient’s management.
Indonesia: Vast geothermal potential, modest but growing exploitation

It is well known that geothermal potential of Indonesia is very vast. Indonesia is associated with volcanoes that lie along Sumatra, Java, Bali, and the islands of eastern part of Indonesia. Directorate General of New, Renewable Energy & Energy Conservation of Indonesia reported that the geothermal potential is about 29 GWe, composed of 312 geothermal potential locations. The current geothermal fields are operated from 11 locations with a significant increase of four new geothermal fields in four locations compared to seven locations in the last 5 years in 2010. The total installed electrical capacity is 1438.5 MW, consisting of Darajat geothermal field (270 MW), Dieng (60 MW), Kamojang (235 MW), Gunung Salak (377 MW), Sibayak (12 MW), Lahendong (80 MW), Wayang Windu (227 MW), Lumut Balai – South Sumatra (110 MW), Ulumbu – Flores (10 MW), Mataloko – (2.5 MW), and Patuha – West Java (55 MW). In the last 5 years, the Government of Indonesia (GOI) was committed to use the biggest geothermal energy resources to become the largest geothermal producer in the world as a leading alternative energy. To attract investors to develop and use the geothermal resources, GOI has issued the general policy on tariff, business attractiveness, and other fiscal incentive as well as the new Geothermal Law No. 21 in 2014. However, the progress of geothermal development is behind the expectation toward 9500 MW by 2025. But, the exploitation is growing, although slowly, and it is expected that the installed capacity of geothermal in 2025 will be more than 6000 MW.
Experimental framework for injecting logic errors in a virtual machine to profile applications for soft error resilience

As the high performance computing (HPC) community continues to push for ever larger machines, reliability remains a serious obstacle. Further, as feature size and voltages decrease, the rate of transient soft errors is on the rise. HPC programmers of today have to deal with these faults to a small degree and it is expected this will only be a larger problem as systems continue to scale. In this paper we present SEFI, the Soft Error Fault Injection framework, a tool for profiling software for its susceptibility to soft errors. In particular, we focus in this paper on logic soft error injection. Using the open source virtual machine and processor emulator (QEMU), we demonstrate modifying emulated machine instructions to introduce soft errors. We conduct experiments by modifying the virtual machine itself in a way that does not require intimate knowledge of the tested application. With this technique, we show that we are able to inject simulated soft errors in the logic operations of a target application without affecting other applications or the operating system sharing the VM. We present some initial results and discuss where we think this work will be useful in next generation hardware/software co-design.
The Prediction of the Transport Properties of Pure Gaseous and Liquid Substances

ABSTRACT A review is made of the work conducted in recent years at Northwestern University concerning the transport properties of individual substances and groups of substances existing in the gaseous and liquid states. The individual substances investigated are argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, ethylene, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, and water. The information obtained from experimental data for the viscosity and thermal conductivity behavior at moderate pressures for these substances was utilized in conjunction with the Abas-zade relationship to establish these transport properties at high pressures in both the gaseous and liquid states. Reduced state correlations of the transport properties investigated for each substance were then developed. The Abas-zade relationship was verified by obtaining experimental data for ammonia at pressures up to 5000 psia. The transport properties of the monatomic and diatomic substances were correlated by use of previous results. The low pressure viscosity and thermal conductivity behavior of these groups was first established. This was then used with the Abas-zade relationship to develop reduced state correlations for each family for the entire range of temperature and pressure. A dimensional analysis approach was applied to the correlation of the viscosity and thermal conductivity of gases at moderate pressures with their molecular weights and critical properties. Experimental data were utilized to establish relationships for the viscosity of polar and nonpolar gases and the thermal conductivity of hydrocarbon gases. In addition, dimensional analysis and experimental data have been used to relate the Lennard-Jones-force constants to the critical properties of the substance. The results of these investigations were compared with the corresponding experimental values. They have proved to be of a high degree of accuracy in establishing the transport properties of gases and liquids.
Capital Requirements and Financing Practices for Restructuring Southern Agriculture

faced by agriculture in its attempts to adjust its resources. While agriculture has been a major contributor to our economic growth and development, it has not shared in the resultant prosperity to the extent of other sectors, in large part because of its inability to make the needed adjustments. If one examines the elements of this industry, he will surely conclude, in plain and simple terms, that a relatively small portion of the farms is responsible for the rapid increases in productivity attributed to the industry. Tweeten [7] found that operators of Class V and VI commercial farms (annual sales of $50 to $4,999) comprised over one-fourth of all operators and over 36 percent of commercial farmers, but contributed less than 8 percent of gross farm output in 1960. At the same time, operators of Class I and II farms (sales of $20,000 and over annually) comprised one-tenth of all operators but contributed over one-half of gross farm output. While the distribution of farm incomes is wide in almost all areas, the South has long been known for its preponderance of small, lowincome farms.' To improve his income position, the low-income farmer must choose among (a) leaving the farm for nonfarm employment, (b) obtaining parttime employment to supplement his farm income, and (c) acquiring the use of adequate capital and land resources to complement fully his management and labor in farming. Other alternatives which may provide improvement within limits are those of reorganizing the enterprise mix and/or use of improved production techniques. However, since this consideration typically requires additional capital [6], we prefer to consider it to be included in (c). Crucial terms referent to each course of action vary drastically among in.. dividuals. Full-time nonfarm work is probably considered by most to be the extreme of the three. Age, education, experience, and physical characteristics of the individual are prime determinants of the type of employ
c-MYC mRNA tail tale about glutamine control of transcription

Dejure et al (2017) demonstrates an intriguing link between glutamine, c‐MYC protein levels, and c‐MYC‐dependent transcription. Glutamine‐dependent c‐MYC protein level, which is sensed through the c‐MYC mRNA 3′‐UTR, determines global transcriptional response to glutamine deprivation in HCT116 colon cancer cells. These findings add another layer of complexity to c‐MYC9s role as a nexus in metabolic regulation.
An Embryonic Stem Cell-Specific NuRD Complex Functions through Interaction with WDR5

The Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex is a chromatin regulatory complex that functions as a transcriptional co-repressor in metazoans. The NuRD subunit MBD3 is essential for targeting and assembly of a functional NuRD complex as well as embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. Three MBD3 isoforms (MBD3A, MBD3B, and MBD3C) are expressed in mouse. Here, we find that the MBD3C isoform contains a unique 50-amino-acid N-terminal region that is necessary for MBD3C to specifically interact with the histone H3 binding protein WDR5. Domain analyses of WDR5 reveal that the H3 binding pocket is required for interaction with MBD3C. We find that while Mbd3c knockout ESCs differentiate normally, MBD3C is redundant with the MBD3A and MBD3B isoforms in regulation of gene expression, with the unique MBD3C N terminus required for this redundancy. Together, our data characterize a unique NuRD complex variant that functions specifically in ESCs.
Gene set creation algorithm for microarray studies with low sample size

This study aims to validate a novel approach for discovering cell-specific gene sets based on gene expression profiles. More than a billion people suffer from neurological disorders, and understanding how cells interact in the context of different pathologies could lead to viable medical interventions. To this end, the field requires reliable biological markers to discriminate distinct cell types present in a heterogeneous population. Distilling these markers is complex, hampered by problems such as the curse of dimensionality when relating large counts of genes to few cell type observations. This research presents a method for overcoming these challenges in a dataset of microarray gene expression values. A bootstrapped LDA algorithm was used to construct new gene sets and validated using GSVA. Gene sets from a non-bootstrapped LDA process provided a baseline to compare gene set performance in the face of genetic noise. Results showed a marked improvement in half of the validation examples, while the other sets were not significantly enriched.
Metal-selective coordination and enhanced fluorescence of a self-assembling ligand scaffold

A fluorescent hydroxyiminonicotinonitile (HINT) coordinating group can be incorporated into self-assembling ligand scaffolds, and shows metal-selective assembly and enhanced fluorescence. The assem...
GlidePath: Eco-Friendly Automated Approach and Departure at Signalized Intersections

Recently, there has been significant research on environment-focused connected vehicle (CV) applications that involve determining optimal speed profiles for vehicles traveling through signalized intersections and conveying this information to drivers via driver-vehicle interfaces (DVI's). However, findings from previous studies indicate that drivers may not be able to precisely follow the recommended speed profiles, resulting in degraded effectiveness of the applications. Moreover, the DVI could be distracting, which may compromise safety. As an alternative, partial automation can play an important role in ensuring that the benefits of these CV applications are fully realized. In this study, a partially automated vehicle system with an eco-approach and departure feature (called the GlidePath Prototype), which can receive dedicated short range communication message sets from the intersection and automatically follow recommended speed profiles, was developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. The results revealed that compared to manually following the recommended speed profiles, the GlidePath Prototype reduced fuel consumption by 17% on average. In some cases, the fuel savings are greater than 40% while the travel time is shortened by up to 64%. Furthermore, the system potentially improved the driving comfort since it would smooth out the speed profiles.
Abstract 19720: Ketogenic Diet is Cardioprotective Against Pressure-overload-induced Heart Failure

Introduction: Ketone metabolism is upregulated during heart failure (HF) in mice and humans. However, the functional significance of the upregulated ketone metabolism in the failing heart is poorly understood. Objective: To determine whether a ketogenic diet is protective against pressure-overload-induced heart failure and to demonstrate the underlying mechanism. Methods and Results: C57BL/6J wild-type mice were fed a ketogenic diet (90% Fat (Keto-Fat) or 90% Protein (Keto-Pro)) or isocaloric control diet (Con) for 4 weeks, starting 2 days after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. There was no difference in the pressure gradient among the 3 groups (Con 66, Keto-Fat 73, and Keto-Pro 68 mmHg, p = 0.9). Both Keto-Fat and Keto-Pro diets ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy (LV weight/TL ratio: 12.5 ± 0.6, 9.7 ± 1.8* and 11.0± 0.4* mg/mm, *P Conclusion: These results suggest that ketogenic diets are cardioprotective against pressure-overload-induced heart failure, and that reversal of GSK-3b inactivation is involved in low-carbohydrate/high-protein-diet-mediated cardioprotection.
Floer cohomology of Lagrangian intersections and pseudo-holomorphic disks, III: Arnold-Givental Conjecture

It is an immediate corollary from the classical Morse inequality that on any compact manifold M, any Morse function, i.e., a nondegenerate smooth function has at least SB(M, ℤ) number of critical points where $$ {\text{SB}}\left( {{\text{M}},\mathbb{Z}} \right): = { \dim }{{\text{H}}^{*}}\left( {{\text{M}},\mathbb{Z}} \right) $$
What Is So Unique About CO2

Considering that the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is extremely low: only 400 ppm or 0.04 vol.%, it is surprising how much impact this gas exerts on life on our planet. What is so unique about CO2? In this chapter, Greenhouse effect, radiative forcing, global warming potential, global carbon cycle, and other phenomena that control the livability of our planet are linked to unique optical and physicochemical properties of CO2. An increasing body of scientific evidence suggests that humans are affecting the Earth’s radiative and carbon balances mainly through increased emissions of greenhouse gases originating from industrial activities, land-use change, deforestation, and other practices that became prevalent during the rapid industrial development of the last two and half centuries.
Asymmetric independence modeling identifies novel gene-environment interactions

Most genetic or environmental factors work together in determining complex disease risk. Detecting gene-environment interactions may allow us to elucidate novel and targetable molecular mechanisms on how environmental exposures modify genetic effects. Unfortunately, standard logistic regression (LR) assumes a convenient mathematical structure for the null hypothesis that however results in both poor detection power and type 1 error, and is also susceptible to missing factor, imperfect surrogate, and disease heterogeneity confounding effects. Here we describe a new baseline framework, the asymmetric independence model (AIM) in case-control studies, and provide mathematical proofs and simulation studies verifying its validity across a wide range of conditions. We show that AIM mathematically preserves the asymmetric nature of maintaining health versus acquiring a disease, unlike LR, and thus is more powerful and robust to detect synergistic interactions. We present examples from four clinically discrete domains where AIM identified interactions that were previously either inconsistent or recognized with less statistical certainty.
LATE ONSET HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: UNUSUAL CAUSE OF SYNCOPE IN ELDERLY

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disorder in which there is left ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of other systemic disease. It carries a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Patients usually presents in second to third decade of age An 81-year-old female with a
When Marxists do research

Professor Vaillancourt has written an unique introductory volume designed to assist non-Marxist scholars and students to understand and evaluate Marxist inquiry. In clear, straightforward language, the author identifies and examines the research of four of the most important contemporary Marxist currents--structuralists, philosophics, materialists, and deductivists. Marxist research-relevant assumptions about epistemology, methodology, and science are scrutinized along with how each of the various Marxist groups goes about conducting research in terms of contemporary social science norms. Examples are offered of how the respective groups' epistemology and methodological assumptions influence their choice of a research strategy and its associated research techniques. The value and utility of the results of Marxist inquiry for defending knowledge claims and producing reasoned policy are also explained.
Decreasing delinquency through assessment reductions: Evidence from Detroit

Detroit recently decreased assessments for 3 consecutive years, 2014–2016, with 2 possible types of reduction: a decrease in assessment without a decrease in property tax bill or a decrease in both...
A process model for slot coating of narrow stripes

Selective deposition of patterned films, without masks or subtractive postprocessing steps, can potentially be achieved by extending the capabilities of traditional slot coating. Realization of a fully additive-only approach of this nature will elevate the viability of slot coating for numerous emerging technologies such as flexible optoelectronic devices, sensors, and wearables. In this study, we develop a process model for slot coating of variable-width narrow stripes, as a fundamental and representative pattern feature for patterned slot coating. Our process model addresses the sensitivity of stripe output to fluid deposition rate, substrate speed, and coating gap for a given coating material. To explain the observed process behavior, we distinguish between separate configurations of contact line pinning of the liquid bridge at the coating tool surface and show experimentally how these configurations relate to regimes in the process model that must be characterized separately. We also demonstrate how the geometry of the liquid bridge and range of intermediate contact angles along its contact line correspond to observed hysteresis of the coated stripe width.
The Impact of Scavenging Versus Predation on Weight Change and Survival of the Brown Recluse Spider Loxosceles reclusa (Araneae: Sicariidae)

Studies were conducted to determine if predation versus scavenging versus scavenging on insecticide-killed prey affected brown recluse spiders, Loxosceles reclusa. Indicators of possible effects were measured by weight change and survival. Live house crickets, Acheta domesticus, used as prey, were exposed to one of four treatments: live (untreated control), Spinosad or pyrethroid insecticide treated surface, or freeze-killed (scavenging control) and made available to spiders for twenty-four hours once/week for eight weeks. Spiders fed pyrethroid-killed crickets had significantly lower survival than did spiders utilizing crickets exposed to all other treatments. L. reclusa had significantly greater weight gain feeding as predators than as scavengers.
SYMBOLIC METHODS FOR MODELLING RAIL VEHICLE SYSTEMS

In developing and analysing mathematical models for complex systems such as railway vehicles, the analyst is faced with a number of challenges. The derivation of the equations themselves can be a tedious and error–prone task. The selection of analysis techniques suited to the nature of the problem is a big factor in being able to obtain meaningful results. Computerized symbolic tools such as MAPLE offer great possibilities. These tools are easily integrable with powerful numerical software packages that can be used to provide numerical solutions if necessary. Algorithms to derive symbolic equations of motion for dynamic systems have progressed greatly in recent times. For a model with several degrees of freedom, a computer can formulate the equations of motion and transcribe them into a numeric integration program much more rapidly and accurately than a person can. Because the equations are in symbolic form, it is possible to perform parametric studies without modifying the simulation code, and the simulation can easily be linearized about a given datum. This paper presents the use of symbolic tools for the analysis of railway–vehicle systems. An algorithm that automates the development of equations of motion for railway vehicles in MAPLE is presented. A series of examples are presented which include applications to a non–linear model of a wheelset, a conventional vehicle and a series of articulated trainsets. Numerical simulation and linear stability analysis of these models are conducted in the commercial simulation package MATLAB and the results presented for the different examples.
‘I am my own person,’ women's agency inside and outside the home in rural Pakistan

AbstractThis paper brings forth cases of women in rural South Punjab, Pakistan who are exercising agency in even the most patriarchal areas in a Muslim country. Central to this paper is two groups ...
Utilizing multiparametric flow cytometry in the diagnosis of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia

The diagnosis of primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) has been made by quantifying circulating plasma cells (cPCs) morphologically on a peripheral blood (PB) smear. However, this technique is not sufficiently sensitive. Multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) provides a readily available and highly sensitive method to identify and quantify cPCs that could complement PB smear assessment. However, an optimal quantitative cutoff for cPCs by MFC to identify pPCL has not been established. Thus, a total of 591 patients newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients who had their PB samples evaluated morphologically by PB smear, and immunophenotypically by MFC prior to beginning therapy were evaluated. The presence of ≥200 cPCs/μL by MFC (N = 25 or 5% of the total population) was chosen to identify patients with ≥5% cPCs by PB smear with a specificity of 99% and a sensitivity of 77%. For patients with ≥200 cPCs/μL by MFC compared to the remainder of the cohort, the median Time to next therapy (TTNT) was 18 vs 30 months and the median OS was 38 vs 70 months respectively. Thus, MFC assessment of PB can be utilized in conjunction with the morphological assessment of a PB smear to aid in improving the identification of pPCL among NDMM patients.
Insomnia During Pregnancy

Although some sleep disturbance is normal during pregnancy, a subset of women experience sleep disturbances that are associated with clinically significant distress or impairment that warrants further evaluation and treatment. This chapter provides a broad overview of the epidemiology, etiological factors, and consequences of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, and insomnia disorder during pregnancy. The nascent body of research on interventions to improve sleep during pregnancy is reviewed, and practical suggestions for clinical assessment and treatment are provided.
Predictors of hernia after loop ileostomy closure: a single-center retrospective review

Our aims were to determine the rate of incisional hernia after closure of a loop ileostomy (LI) and to identify any perioperative risk factors that may be associated with hernia development. We performed an IRB-approved retrospective review that included consecutive patients who underwent LI closure from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2014. The primary outcome was identification of hernia on physical exam or by abdominal imaging. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of ileostomy site hernia. A total of 243 consecutive patients had LI closure during the study timeframe. The overall rate of hernia formation was 11.9% (29/243). The median time to discovery of the hernia was 16.4 (range, 2.2–55.9) months with a median follow-up time of 49 months. Although LI performed in conjunction with sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis consisted of only 19% of ileostomy cases, 62% of hernias were (18/29) identified in this cohort. Rates of hernia formation increased with respect to body mass index (underweight 0%; normal 4.6%; overweight 13.8%; obese 21%). The multivariable model identified increased BMI (underweight/normal weight versus overweight: OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.06–16.04; underweight/normal weight versus obese: OR 8.74, 95% CI 2.17–35.23) and surgical indication (reference variable: diverticulitis; rectal cancer: OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.06–0.76; Crohn’s/ulcerative colitis: OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01–0.53; other: OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.04–0.64) as significant predictors of ileostomy site hernia. The development of a hernia at the site of LI closure was influenced mostly by BMI, surgical indication, and operative time.
The optical emission from the supernova remnant HB 3

The supernova remnant HB 3 was first detected as a radio source by Brown and Hazard (1953). On the basis of subsequent radio studies, it was concluded that the object was a supernova remnant (SNR). HB 3 is located at the far western edge of the H II region/molecular cloud complex W3-W4-W5 (IC 1795-1805-1848). However, a physical association of HB 3 with this complex is uncertain. In the present investigation, attention is called to the probability that HB 3 exhibits a more extensive optical emission structure than previously realized, and one which agrees well with both the position and morphology of the radio emission. It is found that narrow-passband optical images strongly suggest an almost complete optical emission shell for HB 3. Spectroscopic observations are, however, required to confirm that this emission is characteristic of a SNR.
Use of fluorescent light energy for the management of bacterial skin infection associated with canine calcinosis cutis lesions

A 15-year-old male golden retriever who had been receiving prednisolone for orthopaedic problems for the past 2 years was presented for multifocal symmetrical alopecia, skin nodules and plaques on the dorsal aspect of the body. Cytology was compatible with calcinosis cutis due to suspected iatrogenic hypercortisolism, with secondary pyoderma. The Phovia system, a device that emits fluorescent light energy (FLE), was used as an adjunct to systemic antimicrobial and topical (spray and shampoo) therapies. Part of the lesions were covered with a towel and not exposed to Phovia, to evaluate efficacy. Cytology confirmed accelerated improvement of the Phovia-illuminated lesions compared with unexposed lesions. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of FLE being used to manage bacterial skin infection associated with canine calcinosis cutis. It highlights the importance of this type of topical management against bacterial skin infections.
What Is Distinctive About Artistically Gifted Children

We argue for a wide range of innate differences in ability in any domain, and that children with high levels of ability in a particular domain share three characteristics: they learn rapidly (precocity), they are intensely driven to learn (a rage to master), and they learn differently from typical children (they march to their own drummer). In the visual arts, high levels of ability have been most often noted in the ability to draw realistically. We show that this ability is independent of IQ and present some evidence that this ability is related to local processing skill. We also note one case study of a child who showed all three characteristics of giftedness but whose drawings were abstract rather than realistic. Thus it is possible that there are two routes that gifted child artists follow―one the early representational/realism route and the other the early abstraction route. We conclude the chapter by discussing our recommendations for how artistically gifted children should be taught and present the Reggio Emila approach in Italy as an excellent approach to the education of both typical and gifted children.
New geographies of the biennial: networks for the globalization of art

In order to explore global biennials of contemporary art, this study provides a geospatial analysis of eleven global biennials to examine where artists are drawn from in these international exhibitions. The project aims to cut across a broad scope of biennials held in multiple regions to examine how artists are circulating in the contemporary world, where they are showing and, most importantly, how biennials are defining international contemporary art in the era of globalization. By mapping a series of biennials held around the globe over several iterations in the 2010s, this study provides unprecedented evidence of the geography of biennial selection among major exhibitions, how this has changed over time and whether patterns emerge for participation in global art world events. More than half of these biennials are held in countries that are in the Global South; this means that most of these locations are emerging art centers responding to new economic patterns under globalization. The use of maps to show the geographic distribution of biennial participants will point to various, competing models of the geography of global contemporary art and will allow reflection upon how new biennials are changing the geospatial dynamics of international art exhibitions today.
Systemic Transplantation of Adult Multipotent Stem Cells Functionally Rejuvenates Aged Articular Cartilage

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common and debilitating joint disease of advanced age and has no universally effective therapy. Here, we demonstrate that systemic transplantation of adult multipotent muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs)-isolated from young mice-rejuvenates the knee articular cartilage (AC) of naturally aged mice. This intervention reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Tnf and Il1a) and catabolic matrix-degrading proteinases (Mmp3 and Mmp13) in aged cartilage. Treatment with young MDSPCs also increased expression of pro-regenerative (Col2a1 and Acan) and prolongevity genes (Pot1b), including those associated with chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, cartilage growth, and telomere protection. Indeed, the AC of MDSPC-treated mice exhibited reduced age-related histological pathologies. Importantly, the reduced mobility and arthritis-related gait dysfunctions of aged mice were also ameliorated by this treatment. Together, our findings demonstrate the rejuvenating effects of systemic transplantation of young MDSPCs on aging AC-at the molecular, tissue, and functional levels. This suggests that MDSPCs, or their secreted factors, may represent a novel therapy that can increase mobility and function in aged or OA patients.
Are gratitude and forgiveness symmetrical

In addition to exploring gratitude and forgiveness individually, recent work in psychology has also examined the relations between them. For example, Toussaint and Friedman found ‘an important connection between forgiveness, gratitude, and well-being’ (2009, 640; cf. Breen et al. 2010, Bono and McCullough 2006). McCullough, Emmons, and Tsang found that ‘grateful people … are more … forgiving … than are their less grateful counterparts’ (2002, 124), and Neto found that ‘gratitude predicts forgiveness’ (2007, 2314). Despite the growing philosophical interest in gratitude and forgiveness, there has been little if any philosophical work on their relations; philosophers have tended to treat them severally rather than jointly, when they treat them at all. My aim here is to play some philosophical catch-up and explore the relations between forgiveness and gratitude. In particular, I explore what I dub the symmetry thesis, which holds that departures from or variations on the paradigms of forgiveness and gratitude are conceptually and evaluatively symmetrical or parallel.
Applying social psychology to a global crisis: Student engagement in a laboratory class during the COVID-19 pandemic

The present research examines the attitudes and perspectives of undergraduate students in an advanced social psychology laboratory class upon engaging in pandemic-related research during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this class, the students designed and conducted online studies on pandemic-related racism, stigma related to age and mask wearing, and persuasive techniques to encourage social distancing. At the end of the semester, the students responded to a survey about their experiences engaging in pandemic-related research while the pandemic was occurring. Quantitative and qualitative analyses indicated that students learned about the applicability of social psychology to real-world phenomena and felt high levels of engagement in the research process. However, students also noted some discomfort and the emotional challenges of conducting highly relevant research during a global crisis. Thus, instructors should carefully consider whether engaging in timely and potentially emotional research is appropriate for the students in the class. Furthermore, the present study was conducted with a small undergraduate class in which a majority of the students were White women, and their experiences may not generalize to larger classes or broader populations. Taken together, the present research points to the potential promises and pitfalls of engaging in timely research on an emergency situation within a classroom setting. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
Trade-offs between cost of ingestion and rate of intake drive defensive toxin use

Animals that ingest toxins can become unpalatable and even toxic to predators and parasites through toxin sequestration. Because most animals rapidly eliminate toxins to survive their ingestion, it is unclear how populations transition from susceptibility and toxin elimination to tolerance and accumulation as chemical defense emerges. Studies of chemical defense have generally focused on species with active toxin sequestration and target-site insensitivity mutations or toxin-binding proteins that permit survival without necessitating toxin elimination. Here, we investigate whether animals that presumably rely on toxin elimination for survival can utilize ingested toxins for defense. We use the A4 and A3 Drosophila melanogaster fly strains from the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource (DSPR), which respectively possess elevated and reduced metabolic nicotine resistance amongst DSPR fly lines. We find that ingesting nicotine increased A4 but not A3 fly survival against Leptopilina heterotoma wasp parasitism. Further, we find that despite possessing genetic variants that enhance toxin elimination, A4 flies accrued more nicotine than A3 individuals likely by consuming more media. Our results suggest that enhanced toxin metabolism can allow for greater toxin intake by offsetting the cost of toxin ingestion. Passive toxin accumulation that accompanies increased toxin intake may underlie the early origins of chemical defense.
Legal Ethics in an Adversary System: The Persistent Questions

It is a particular pleasure to be among so many friends and distinguished colleagues, and to have an occasion to honor one of the founding fathers of our field. As many of you doubtless noted, my title is a variation on two of Professor Freedman’s earliest and widely influential works. This event is a fitting occasion for reflection on what has changed and what has remained the same during the last four decades since the first of these works appeared. A brief keynote address cannot, of course, chronicle the evolution of the entire field of legal ethics. But it does provide an opportunity to trace several themes that have been central to contemporary debates and to Professor Freedman’s own contributions: autonomy, access, and accountability. First, what is the role of client autonomy in the adversary system, and how does it compare with other values? Second, what are the challenges of practicing in a system that enshrines equal access to justice in principle, but violates it routinely in practice? And finally, how do we ensure an appropriate measure of public accountability for professional conduct? Let me begin with a personal reminiscence, which may cheer some who toil in this specialty and occasionally wonder whether it ever makes a difference. When I was in law school at Yale in the late 1970s, Professor Freedman came to debate Geoffrey Hazard on the subject of much of his early work: the tension between lawyers’ responsibilities to their clients and to the pursuit of truth. Even at this distance of three decades, I can still recall this dialogue as a pivotal moment in my own career. I remember thinking: “This is really interesting. Why haven’t we been talking about it in law school?” Yale at the time taught legal ethics by the pervasive method, and as in so many institutions, this kind of extracurricular event was as pervasive as it got. That debate helped steer me down the path that ends up here. I have no doubt that Professor
Importance of the bacterial dynamics in model simulations of seasonal hypoxia

Abstract The occurrence and spread of hypoxia in coastal waters is known to depend strongly on nutrients, primary production, water column structure, wind and tidal mixing. Accurate prediction of the onset, intensity and areal extent of hypoxia remains a challenge. Previous modeling efforts have needed to “tune” vertical mixing or phytoplankton respiration in order to obtain results that agree with field observations of dissolved oxygen (DO). In this study, we use a one-dimensional physical model coupled with a biogeochemical model to establish mechanistic links between factors involved in the evolution of seasonal hypoxia in western Long Island Sound. The coupled model includes bacterial dynamics, which allows accurate prediction of the onset of late summer hypoxia and subsequent recovery. Model results indicate that a hyperbolic temperature response function represents temperature control on bacterial community growth rate better than the traditional Q 10 function. We also find that onset of hypoxia's late summer relaxation is sensitive to factors beyond wind mixing alone. Wind mixing contributes at most 30% to the late summer DO variability. The cost of not including the bacterial dynamics in the model is an overestimation of bottom DO by as much as 700% in summer. By including bacterial dynamics, we eliminate the need to distort vertical mixing or phytoplankton respiration rate to simulate observed seasonal variability in DO. In order to accurately model DO dynamics under normal wind forcing, therefore, coastal ecosystem models need to explicitly include terms for major components of the microbial loop.
TCRP A-40 Manual to Improve Rail Transit Safety at Platform/Train Interfaces: Summary of Platform-Train Interface Incidents

The overall goal of the project is to develop a manual for the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) that will allow practitioners to improve safety at rail public transportation platform/train and platform/guideway interfaces. Specific objectives include expanding upon previous safety studies and providing recommendations for mitigation strategies. Key factors that affect safety in relation to the platform-vehicle interface (PTI) have been identified through data collection. For the purpose of this study PTI refers to incidents related to the interface between the train and platform also known as gap incidents. Factors were analyzed to determine appropriate measures that would allow transit agencies to both prevent and minimize consequences of these incidents. This paper focuses primarily on platform vehicle interface incident data that were collected from four large transit operators in the United States.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Development and validation of atmospheric gene flow model for assessing environmental risks from transgenic corn crops.

Pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified plants to non-target plants is a concern of crop growers, seed companies, the general public, and the scientific communities. Although there have been descriptive and mechanistic models to describe pollen dispersion, there has rarely been a comprehensive mechanistic model to dynamically simulate pollen release, dispersion, and deposition and to finally relate them to the gene flow (outcrossing). This research developed and validated such a comprehensive mechanistic model for corn crop gene flow risk management. Dynamic pollen dispersion and deposition were predicted by a 3-D random walk model according to inputs of weather data and plant and domain characteristics. Actual gene flow (outcrossing ratio) was obtained according to predicted grand total deposition flux at silk height during the whole pollination season. The model was validated by experimental data and was appropriate to predict gene flow with acceptable accuracy under different atmospheric and environmental conditions; on average, the ratios of measured and simulated values ranged from 0.82 to 1.21, while R 2 ranged from 0.56 to 0.68. The model can be easily adapted
Evaluation of the rates of biological processes from tracer kinetic data. III. The net synthesis lemma and exchangeable pools

Abstract Equations are developed for total isotope incorporation into the sum of all species of RNA in growing bacterial cultures. The model is approximate in that it considers only one intermediate pool, only one messenger fraction and only one intermediate on the path of the biosynthesis of the ribosome. However, there is no mathematical approximation involved in the treatment as there was in the previous paper. With the aid of a computer, the conditions necessary to observe linear uptake with no lag were determined. It is concluded that exchange of exogenous isotopic precursor across the cell membrane, together with the existence of a turning over class of RNA, accounts for the observed smaller lag in isotope incorporation than that predicted from the size of the intermediate pool. The effect of amino acid starvation and turnover of precursors of ribosomal and transfer RNA is discussed. With the computer program, data from the literature are used to estimate the turnover rate of messenger RNA.
On the Global Dynamics of a Controlled Viscous Burgers' Equation

In this paper we consider a boundary control problem for a forced Burgers' equation in a Hilbert state space consisting of square integrable functions on a finite interval. Our first main result consists in proving the global in time existence of solutions of the closed loop boundary control system for arbitrary L2 initial data and quite general forcing terms (disturbances). For the unforced problem, our main interest is in stability of equilibria, while for the forced problem we are interested in steady state behavior of solutions. We note that the uncontrolled (open loop), unforced problem is not asymptotically stable on L2. However, for positive gains we show that the unforced closed loop system is globally Lyapunov stable and locally exponentially stable. In addition, for nonzero stationary forcing, we show that there is a local absorbing ball and that the corresponding nonlinear semigroup is compact for all t > 0. Using this fact, we are able to deduce several consequences regarding the existence and properties of local attractors. Our method of proof is based on a systematic investigation of the smoothing properties of the controlled dynamics. In particular we establish various regularity results for the dynamics of the closed loop system.