cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A semantic analysis of the annotations of the human genome

The correct interpretation of any biological experiment depends in an essential way on the accuracy and consistency of the existing annotation databases. Such databases are ubiquitous and used by all life scientists in most experiments. However, it is well known that such databases are incomplete and many annotations may also be incorrect. In this paper we describe a technique that can be used to analyze the semantic content of such annotation databases. Our approach is able to extract implicit semantic relationships between genes and functions. This ability allows us to discover novel functions for known genes. This approach is able to identify missing and inaccurate annotations in existing annotation databases, and thus help improve their accuracy. We used our technique to analyze the current annotations of the human genome. From this body of annotations, we were able to predict 212 additional gene--function assignments. A subsequent literature search found that 138 of these gene--functions assignments are supported by existing peer-reviewed papers. An additional 23 assignments have been confirmed in the meantime by the addition of the respective annotations in later releases of the Gene Ontology database. Overall, the 161 confirmed assignments represent 75.95% of the proposed gene--function assignments. Only one of our predictions (0.4%) was contradicted by the existing literature. We could not find any relevant articles for 50 of our predictions (23.58%). The method is independent of the organism and can be used to analyze and improve the quality of the data of any public or private annotation database. Availability: http://vortex.cs.wayne.edu/papers/semantic_analysis_bioinfo.pdf Contact: [email protected]
Visual Diagnosis: An Adolescent Male With Severe Facial Swelling and Scalp Infection

Scalp eruptions are common in infants, children, and adolescents and the etiology can be broad. Allergic contact dermatitis can result after multiple non eventful uses of a hair care product, including shampoo, relaxers, and coloring agents. Symptoms of allergic contact dermatitis include intense pruritus with weeping, pain, and stinging sensations. Signs on physical examination include swelling with scaly erythematous plaques as well as bullae with vesicles and pustules in severe cases. The forehead, eyelids, and postauricular areas also are subject to swelling. Definitive diagnosis of allergic dermatitis involves patch testing to determine the specific allergen. Education about avoidance of the allergen and recommendations for allergen-free products are the most important aspects of managing patients with allergic contact dermatitis. Treatment depends on the severity and extent of involvement. First-line treatment is topical corticosteroids, followed by topical calcineurin inhibitors. For more extensive dermatitis, systemic corticosteroids are beneficial.
Financialized methods for market-based multi-sensor fusion

Autonomous systems rely on an increasing number of input sensors of various modalities, and the problem of sensor fusion has received attention for many years. Autonomous system architectures are becoming more complex with time, and the number and placement of sensors will be modified regularly, sensors will fail for many reasons, information will arrive asynchronously, and the system will need to adjust to rapidly changing environments. To address these issues we propose a new paradigm for fusing information from multiple sources that draws from the rich of field pertaining to financial markets, particularly recent research on prediction market design. Among the many benefits of this financialized approach is that, both in theory and in practice, markets are well-equipped to robustly synthesize information from diverse sources in a decentralized fashion. Our framework poses sensor processing algorithms as profit-seeking market participants, data is incorporated via financial transactions, and the joint estimation is represented as a price equilibrium. We use pedestrian detection as a motivating application. Pedestrian detection is a well studied field and essential to autonomous driving. Real world fusion results are presented on RGB and LIDAR data from the KITTI Vision Benchmark Suite. We demonstrate we can achieve comparable performance to state-of-the-art hand designed fusion techniques using the proposed approach.
Intraoperative Cortical Stimulation and the Value of Negative Mapping

Direct cortical stimulation has been employed in neurosurgery since 1930, first by Foerster [1], and then later, by Penfield [2–4]. In recent years, the technique of intraoperative cortical stimulation has been adopted for the identification and preservation of language function and motor pathways. Stimulation depolarizes a very focal area of cortex which, in turn, evokes certain responses. Although the mechanism of stimulation effects on language are poorly understood, the principle is based upon the depolarization of local neurons and also of passing pathways, inducing local excitation or inhibition, as well as possible diffusion to more distant areas by way of orthodromic or antidromic propagation [5]. Studies employing optical imaging of bipolar cortical stimulation in monkey and human cortex have shown precise local changes, within 2–3 mm, after the activation of cortical tissue [6, 7]. With the advent of the bipolar probe, avoidance of local diffusion and more precise mapping have been enabled with an accuracy estimated to be approximately 5 mm [6].
Exploring Service-Learning Outcomes and Experiences for Low-Income, First-Generation College Students: A Mixed-Methods Approach

This study explored the service-learning experiences of low-income, first-generation college students using a mixed-methods design that drew upon a national longitudinal dataset and in-depth, face-to-face interviews conducted over the course of a year and a half at three institutions in three states. The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the outcomes related to service-learning participation for low-income, first-generation college students. Findings indicated that participation in service-learning courses was significantly positively related to the development of several academic and affective outcomes related to increased academic success. The presence of divergent findings from the two data streams also indicated particular complexity in measuring development for low-income and first-generation students—a complexity not found in the overall student population. The author discusses specific implications of this study for practitioners, college and university administrators, researchers, and policy makers.
Laser assisted CVD and MOCVD growth of semiconductor films

The use of photochemistry in the gas phase in the growth of elemental and III–V compound semiconductor films by CVD and MOCVD is a rapidly growing field, and recent experiments involving the laser-assisted growth of GaAs and the demonstration of ammonia as a photosensitizer are described. (Invited paper, 25 min)
Characterization of the antiferromagnetism in Ag(pyz)2(S2O8) (pyz = pyrazine) with a two-dimensional square lattice of Ag2+ ions.

X-ray powder diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements show that Ag(pyz)2(S2O8) consists of 2D square nets of Ag2+ ions resulting from the corner-sharing of axially elongated AgN4O2 octahedra and exhibits characteristic 2D antiferromagnetism. Nevertheless, μ+SR measurements indicate that Ag(pyz)2(S2O8) undergoes 3D magnetic ordering below 7.8(3) K.
α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone protects against mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury

Mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury to the intestine is a common and often devastating clinical occurrence for which there are few therapeutic options. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-...
Penetration By Adult Lesser Grain Borers Through Multiwall Kraft Bags

Segregated virgin males and segregated virgin females of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) showed a much greater propensity to penetrate out of food-filled 5-ply kraft bags than did males and females confined together. The number of holes made by females was highest the 1st week of the test (when they were 2 weeks old); more holes were made by males the 2nd week of the test (when they were 3 weeks old). In 7 weeks, only 25% of bags containing both sexes were penetrated, but all bags containing only males or females were penetrated. About 24% of all holes chewed in the innermost ply by females were completed through all plies; males alone and both sexes together completed only 13.5 and 5.9% of their holes, respectively. In the outer ply, 80.5% of all holes were 0–10 mm from the bottom, perhaps because the insects were placed in the bottom of the bags.
EVOLUTION OF MASTICATION IN THE ELEPHANTIDAE.

The value of any individual morphological trait derives from its adaptive significance to the total biology of the animals in which it is found. The difficulty arises in determining the adaptive value of isolated characters. Paleontologists can partially overcome this difficulty by analyzing characters as components of functional complexes. These complexes may more easily be related to the probable way of life of a species than can individual features and therefore, may be more readily interpreted in terms of adaptive value (e.g., Davis, 1955; Ostrom, 1964; Szalay, 1969). Also, the analysis of functional significance, far from being irrelevant to the determination of propinquity (Maynard Smith and Savage, 1959) has been shown to be an important approach to the study of interrelationships between various vertebrate groups (Crompton and Sita-Lumsden, 1970; Crompton and Jenkins, 1968; Maglio, in press). The individual components of a functional complex are intimately related in evolution. Together they contribute to the total response of an organism to particular pressures and thus to the relative adaptive advantage of each individual in its environment. As a result, the functional system evolves more or less as a unit, although all components of any functional complex do not necessarily evolve in the same direction or at the same rate. As the function of integrated character suites evolves, the relationships between components may be modified. Hence, the nearly universal phenomenon of mosaic evolution, not only between, but also within functionally integrated systems. In this paper the relationships between features of the masticatorv complex in elephants is discussed as an example of structural and functional interdependence within an evolving functional system. Elephants are well suited to this type of structural and functional analysis. Because of their large size and late appearance in the geological record, they are well represented as fossils. As a group, the elephants evolved at a rapid rate (although not as rapidly as is commonly believed). This rapid rate of change, coupled with an extraordinary ability to expand into new geographical areas and to adapt to diverse environmental situations, makes the Elephantidae potentially valuable both for stratigraphic correlations (Maglio, 1970a) and for study of important evolutionary phenomena (Maglio, in press).
Simulating research of working behavior for down-hole packer

This paper presents the packer system linear and non-liner contact finite element we set up analyze model and simulate model by the packer system.And on the bases of that,we develop the simulating analyzing software of the packer system working behavior by modularized program means.By the way,we simulate the packer system under different working condition.The check for the simulating model and simulating software has been done by use of obtained experiment and testing on the field.In fact,the simulating result conforms to the production practice with value.
Effect of Song Writing Versus Recreational Music on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms and Abuse Attribution in Abused Children

The purpose of this study was to develop a song-writing technique which would reduce PTSD symptoms in abused children. Participants were patients of an inpatient psychiatric child/adolescent unit in the State of Florida. The participants were between the ages of 9 and 17 and had been physically and/or sexually abused. This research project was of a within-subjects, pre-/posttest design. The experimental condition (song writing) followed the control condition (recreational music). The dependent measures were a self-report questionnaire about selected PTSD symptoms, using a 4-point response scale, and a measure of off-task behavior. Results showed no significant change in overall scores due to treatment condition. However, a significant difference occurred between African-American and Caucasian scores, and a significant interaction occurred between age of participants and test conditions. Possible reasons for these results are explored.
Informed consent for anesthesia: a review of practice and strategies for optimizing the consent process.

Purpose Patients must receive information in a manner that promotes understanding so they can make informed decisions about anesthesia and other medical interventions. Unfortunately, history is replete with examples of the negative consequences of inadequate disclosure of information and lack of patient understanding. While obtaining consent for anesthesia poses unique challenges, the ability of the anesthesiologist to engage the patient in meaningful discussion is critical as a means to ensure that the patient is truly informed. This narrative review aims to: 1) discuss the process of informed consent as it applies to anesthesia practice; 2) describe the salient issues related to patient capacity, disclosure, understanding, decision-making, and documentation of the informed consent process; and 3) discuss current strategies to improve the presentation and understanding of consent information.
The Obama Years: Tepid Palliation for America's Health Scourges.

The authors reflect on various changes involving America's public health during U.S. President Barack Obama's tenure as the nation's leader, and it mentions the passage of the country's Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as well as the claim that the gap between America's wealthy and poor people has widened during Obama's presidential administration. Environmental regulations and the threat of climate change are addressed, along with health inequality in America.
Oncologists' Use of Genomic Sequencing Data to Inform Clinical Management.

PurposeTo determine whether oncologists intended to change treatment as a result of tumor sequencing, and subsequently, whether patients experienced an alteration of clinical management or derived clinical benefit.Patients and MethodsA prospective survey of oncologists referring adult patients with rare, advanced, or refractory cancer to the Michigan Oncology Sequencing program was conducted from June 2014 to March 2015 to assess the use of and intent to disclose sequencing findings. Oncologists’ responses were compared with the referred patients’ self-reported survey responses, and a content analysis of disclosure documented in the medical record was performed. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to determine if clinical management was informed or changed by sequencing results.ResultsOncologists (response rate, 93%) referring 112 consecutive patients were surveyed. Medical records of patients were reviewed for changes in clinical management on the basis of sequencing findings. Oncologists inten...
Converging Trades and New Technologies: The Emergence of Kanga Textiles on the Swahili Coast in the Late Nineteenth Century

Kanga, a factory-woven cloth printed with colourful designs, emerged from a complex history of global trade networks responding to local east African consumer demands in the late nineteenth century. This chapter presents the first art historical analysis of the cloth genre, drawing on a wide variety of European texts, local accounts, photographs and surviving objects. It demonstrates that kanga grew out of earlier demands for unbleached and indigo-dyed cottons from the United States and India, the impact of newly invented synthetic dyes, advances in printing technologies, and the design influence of square printed handkerchiefs. The kanga emerged by 1886, drawing on both global textile production revolutions and enduring east African aesthetic preferences for printed cloths with crisp, bold and symmetrical designs within a bordered composition.
Sexually Transmitted Disease Control in the Armed Forces, Past and Present

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) present a challenge for military medical personnel in their efforts to maintain a ready and healthy force. Many tactics have been used in military STD control programs. This paper is a review of the literature outlining some past strategies used in the United States military and how they have shaped current STD policy. These efforts have included financial and administrative penalties, stigmatization and shame, screening programs, and sharing of resources with other government agencies. Punishments and stigmatization have not proven to be useful strategies and have been eliminated from current policy. Cooperation with other government agencies and screening programs are examined as tactics that have been found useful and are part of the program used by the military today to control not only the traditional STDs, but also the more recently discovered human immunodeficiency virus.
Systolic Murmurs and Innocent Murmurs

Cardiac murmurs are produced by turbulent blood flow. Turbulence is determined by the Reynolds number, which is the ratio of inertial to viscous forces in a fluid. The Reynolds number (NR) may be determined from the following formula: NR = (σ/η) \(bar V\)D where σ is the fluid density in gm/ml, η = fluid viscosity (poise), \(bar V\) = average velocity of fluid flow (cm/sec), D = tube diameter in cm. When the Reynolds number exceeds a critical value, that is, approximately 2000 in large blood vessels and approximately 200 in small vessels, turbulence occurs. When fluid turbulence results in vibration of adjacent structures, a murmur is produced (Shepherd and Vanhoutte, 1979).
THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF MAR-M ALLOY 509.

Mar-M alloy 509 is a contemporary Co-base alloy intended for constructional use in a corrosive environment at high temperature. This paper is the result of a continuing investigation to evaluate mechanical, process and physical parameters of this alloy system. The alloy exhibits low room-temperature ductility; heat treatments can improve ductility but will reduce rupture life at moderate stress and temperature (25ksi, 1600°F.) Mar-M alloy 509 exhibits good oxidation resistance to 1900°F and excellent hot-corrosion resistance at 1600°F. The flat negative slope of the Mar-M alloy 509 stress-rupture curve also indicates a high degree of phase stability.
Motion Pictures of Nucleation and Growth of Solid Phases in Supercooled Molecular Clusters

Publisher Summary Motion pictures constructed from molecular dynamics simulations show the behavior of molecules during phase changes in molecular clusters of chalcogen hexafluorides. Two kinds of motion pictures are generated, the first being of images of molecules executing thermal motions in the cores of clusters, initially in the bcc phase, that eventually transforms to the monoclinic phase. In these movies, clusters are cooled by 10 K every 50 ps, or every 40 seconds of viewing time. Cooling is accomplished by periodic 10 ps immersions in a heat bath to extract the required amount of heat. The second kind of movie is of Pawley projections. Such projections are arrays of dots representing projections of bond directions of all the molecules in a cluster on a hemisphere over the cluster. In the Pawley movie, a cluster begins in the liquid phase, freezes to a single bee crystal, and finally, becomes monoclinic. Cooling is slower to give the molten clusters enough time to freeze. Pawley projections give a different point of view, vividly illustrating the kinetic turmoil of the molecules as they collide with each other and clearly displaying the substantial orientation disorder characteristic of the plastically crystalline bee phase.
Visual equivalence: a new standard of image fidelity for computer graphics

Determining the visual fidelity of an image is a fundamental problem in computer graphics. When is an image good enough; i.e. when does it convey a convincing representation of a scene? Most graphics algorithms either aim to compute a physically accurate solution matching the real world, or they leave judgments of fidelity entirely up to the end user. The former is often computationally intractable, and the latter is ad-hoc since it cannot be generalized or predicted. In this dissertation, we chart a new course between these two approaches. We propose visual equivalence, a new standard of image fidelity that focuses on what is visually important to the observer: the appearance of the scene, consisting of impressions of shapes, materials, and lighting. Under visual equivalence, an image with noticeable, pixel-by-pixel differences from a perfect reference can still be a high fidelity representation of the same scene, provided it conveys the same impression of scene appearance. This appearance-preserving standard is, to our knowledge, the first approach to image fidelity that permits judgments of this kind. We present an end-to-end psychophysical and algorithmic investigation of visual equivalence, and its impact on scene modeling and rendering in computer graphics. For natural illumination, we measure the degree to which representations of lighting can be approximated or manipulated without affecting object appearance, and demonstrate how the resulting metrics can motivate new algorithms resulting in improved speedup and compression for rendering. For complex aggregate geometry, we investigate how different combinations of object shapes and colors affect appearance, and derive thresholds that can be used to reduce scene complexity. Finally, for texture, we describe how texture synthesis can be characterized in terms of visual equivalence, and present an efficient synthesis algorithm for a range of constrained synthesis applications, including the synthesis of visually equivalent detail to enhance low-resolution images. This research takes some important first steps into a large new space in perceptually based rendering and modeling, which can address the challenges of future complex scenes in computer graphics.
Bandwidth-Hard Functions: Reductions and Lower Bounds

Memory Hard Functions (MHFs) have been proposed as an answer to the growing inequality between the computational speed of general purpose CPUs and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs). MHFs have seen widespread applications including password hashing, key stretching and proofs of work. Several metrics have been proposed to quantify the "memory hardness" of a function. Cumulative memory complexity (CMC) (or amortized Area × Time complexity ) attempts to quantify the cost to acquire/build the hardware to evaluate the function - after normalizing the time it takes to evaluate the function. By contrast, bandwidth hardness attempts to quantify the amortized energy costs of evaluating this function on hardware - which in turn is largely dominated by the number of cache misses. Ideally, a good MHF would be both bandwidth hard and have high cumulative memory complexity. While the cumulative memory complexity of leading MHF candidates is well understood, little is known about the bandwidth hardness of many prominent MHF candidates. Our contributions are as follows: First, we provide the first reduction proving that, in the parallel random oracle model, the bandwidth hardness of a Data-Independent Memory Hard Function (iMHF) is described by the red-blue pebbling cost of the directed acyclic graph (DAG) associated with that iMHF. Second, we show that the goals of designing an MHF with high CMC/bandwidth hardness are well aligned. In particular, we prove that any function with high CMC also has relatively high energy costs. This result leads to the first unconditional lower bound on the energy cost of scrypt in the parallel random oracle model. Third, we analyze the bandwidth hardness of several prominent iMHF candidates such as Argon2i, winner of the password hashing competition, aATSample and DRSample - the first practical iMHF with essentially asymptotically optimal CMC. We show Argon2i, aATSample and DRSample are maximally bandwidth hard under appropriate cache size. Finally, we show that the problem of finding a red-blue pebbling with minimum energy cost is NP-hard.
Suppressing Ambient Degradation of Exfoliated InSe Nanosheet Devices via Seeded Atomic Layer Deposition Encapsulation

With exceptional charge carrier mobilities and a direct bandgap at most thicknesses, indium selenide (InSe) is an emerging layered semiconductor that has generated significant interest for electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, exfoliated InSe nanosheets are susceptible to rapid degradation in ambient conditions, thus limiting their technological potential. In addition to morphological changes upon ambient exposure, the mobilities and current modulation on/off ratios of InSe transistors, as well as the responsivities of InSe photodetectors, decrease by over 3 orders of magnitude within 12 h of ambient exposure. In an effort to mitigate these deleterious effects, here we present an encapsulation scheme based on seeded atomic layer deposition that provides pinhole-free growth of alumina without compromising the intrinsic electronic properties of the underlying InSe. In particular, this encapsulation provides reproducible InSe field-effect transistor characteristics and InSe photodetector responsivities in excess of 107 A/W following ambient exposure for time periods on the order of months. Because atomic layer deposition is a highly scalable and manufacturable process, this work will accelerate ongoing efforts to integrate InSe nanosheets into electronic and optoelectronic technologies.
Experimental Verification of a GaN-Based Double-Input Soft-Switched DC/DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application

Double-input converter is recognized as being the critical part of power conversion system of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). As the power sources, such as battery and solar panel, have unregulated low voltage, this application requires a high gain double-input DC/DC converter. In this paper, a three-port three-level converter composed of Buck-Boost-Half-Bridge (BBHB) modules using gallium nitride (GaN) switch is proposed for HEV application. The proposed converter can supply the load in absence of PV or battery. The converter take the advantage of active clamp configuration, in terms of providing soft-switching performance and simple control technique, to enhance both power density and efficiency. To address the main challenge of employing GaN switches, their capability to withstand high voltage, the BBHB modules are connected in the stacked configuration. Finally, a 1 kW, 50 kHz prototype is implemented to validate the proposed concept.
Calculated Oxygen-Isotope Fractionations among Brucite, Portlandite, and Water

The oxygen-isotope fractionations between brucite and water, portlandite and water, and brucite and portlandite have been calculated over the temperature range of 0 to 450 °C using quantum-chemical...
Autologous Tracheal Cartilage Composite Graft for a Subglottic Defect after Laryngotracheal Resection for Invasive Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Objective: To present a function-preserving surgical technique of post-laryngotracheal resection reconstruction of the subglottic airway using autologous tracheal cartilage composite graft. Methods: Design: Case Report Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital Participants: One Results: A 77-year-old woman diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma with laryngotracheal invasion underwent total thyroidectomy with laryngotracheal resection. The tracheal defect was reconstructed using end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea to the remaining cricoid. The cricoid (subglottic) defect was repaired using the harvested tracheal cartilage with mucosa. Post-operatively, the patient was maintained on nasogastric tube feeding and tracheostomy tube for 2 weeks. Subsequently, the nasogastric tube and tracheostomy tube were removed and the patient tolerated oral feeding without any airway problem. The last follow-up of the patient was 6 months post-operatively without complications. Conclusion: Autologous tracheal cartilage may be a potentially promising composite graft for reconstruction of the cricoid (subglottic) defect in a patient following laryngotracheal resection for invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma of the larynx and trachea. Keywords: tracheal composite graft; laryngotracheal resection; crico-tracheal anastomosis; papillary thyroid carcinoma; subglottic defect
Translating CAMEO verbs for automated coding of event data

ABSTRACTThe Conflict and Mediation Event Observations (CAMEO) framework is the industry standard for computerized event coding that produces massive data on political conflict at a global scale. Ho...
Long-term impact of poultry manure on crop yield, soil and water quality, and crop revenue.

Abstract A long-term poultry manure fertilizer study was initiated in 1998 and continued until 2009 under corn-soybean (CS) rotation. To match changing landscape trends, the plots were switched to continuous corn (CC) from 2010 to 2017. In both CS and CC phases, poultry manure (PM) was applied at the crop rotation recommended agronomic N rate and either half (CC phase) or double (CS phase) the recommended rate. Urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) was applied to comparison plots at the crop recommended application rate (168 kg N ha−1 and 224 kg N ha−1 for the CS and CC phases, respectively) throughout the study. The objectives of this study include evaluation of the economic benefits of long-term PM application at various rates (PM2, PM, and PM0.5), and the impact of poultry manure application on soil health and nutrient levels, crop yield, and drainage water quality. Lower NO3–N concentrations were reported in drainage from PM treated plots when compared to UAN fertilizer applied at the same agronomic rate. Of the parameters tested for soil health analysis after twenty years of repeat application, particulate organic matter (POM) present was significantly greater in the PM treated soils (6.1–6.7 g kg soil−1) when compared to UAN plots (4.6 g kg soil−1), showing potential for stabilized soil particles, increased infiltration and water-holding capacity. The results show a consistent positive impact of manure application on corn and soybean yields when compared to yields observed in UAN treated plots. During the CS phase, we estimated the same average revenue per dollar spent for PM and UAN treatments, while the average return rate for PM2 was 1% lower; during CC phase,15% increased return rates were observed when PM0.5 and PM were compared against the UAN treatment. When managed properly, PM application to cropland is a sustainable option for diversifying agroecosystems, improving soil health and improving farm economics.
Neuroendocrine and carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: Epidemiology and outcomes from the National Cancer Database.

609Background: While carcinoid and neuroendocrine tumors (NET) can manifest throughout the human body, approximately 2/3 of these tumors arise in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Methods: The 2019 ...
Understanding the role of organizational personality and social identity concerns on initial recruitment outcomes

Abstract For many job seekers, organizational affiliation can act as a signal of their values and goals. According to theory of symbolic attraction (TSA), job seekers are attracted to organizations with symbolic images (i.e., organizational personality) that help them portray a certain type of social identity. However, studies have found mixed support for TSA and this may be attributed to a lack of a broad and theoretically-based taxonomy of organizational personality. As such, we drew on multiple theoretical perspectives from the social judgment literature to develop an alternative two-factor organizational personality taxonomy. Across three studies, we first created and validated a scale to reliably and validly measure organizational personality. Then, we showed that active job seekers with different social identity needs are indeed attracted to companies that differ along the two dimensions of the new taxonomy (i.e., warmth and competence) using LinkedIn job advertisements. Finally, we used computer-aided text analysis (CATA) to index organizational personality from company mission statements but found only partial support for TSA in a sample of engineering job seekers. We contribute to the recruitment literature by exploring why certain job seekers are initially attracted to different types of organizations and discuss how TSA can be further developed and refined. Practically, our results highlight the potential utility of organizations signaling images that resonate with job seekers' social identity concerns early on in the recruitment process.
People and the Propensity to Adapt

Adaptation is evolution, sometimes natural and sometimes unnatural, that reduces vulnerability to change, e.g., climate change. The concept of “adaptation” requires that people work collectively towards a transformational change in the usual actions they undertake. “Adaptation is a dynamic social process: the ability of societies to adapt is determined, in part, by the ability to act collectively” (Adger, 2003). To act collectively is counter to acting individually. To act long-term is counter to acting short-term. To act with masculine overtures is counter to acting with feminine overtures. These are the rubs. For instance, the cultural dimension of “collectivism” (versus individualism) stems back to the work of Geert Hofstede. As well, cultural attributes can be influenced by ethnicity, upbringing, attitudes toward risk, attitudes towards temporal concerns, power distance, masculinity and femininity, so in other words, all of these differences in people indicate deep-seated cultural differences, and they all “harken us back to Hofstede” (Hofstede, 1984).
Healthism, Intersectionality, and Health Insurance: The Compounded Problems of Healthist Discrimination

Healthism can identify situations where a person is subject to a particular form of bigotry based on their individual health status. In health insurance, some forms of healthism are unavoidable due to the very nature of health insurance structures. However, when analyzing health insurance programs, particularly those that are funded through government, it is possible to utilize a healthism framework to, first, recognize and minimize the worst effects of outright bigotry and, second, minimize and potentially ameliorate the worst effects of healthism combined with intersectionality. This Essay analyzes these issue as they relate to health insurance and Medicare.
Adding Value: Online Student Engagement

This paper seeks to add to the literature related to student engagement in the online learning environment with the added suggestions for instructional strategies. Student engagement is one of the tenets of effective online instruction; as such, particular attention to how it adds value to student learning is crucial and worth the time and effort to enhance learning outcomes. What strategies and technology enhance student engagement and add value to student learning? Continuing research into online student engagement strategies is needed to add value to student learning.
Effect of Ionizing Radiation on the Physical Biology of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer worldwide. Although there are numerous treatment options for HNSCC, such as surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy, molecularly targeted systemic therapeutics, and radiotherapy, overall survival has not significantly improved in the last 50 years. This suggests a need for a better understanding of how these cancer cells respond to current treatments in order to improve treatment paradigms. Ionizing radiation (IR) promotes cancer cell death through the creation of cytotoxic DNA lesions, including single strand breaks, base damage, crosslinks, and double strand breaks (DSBs). As unrepaired DSBs are the most cytotoxic DNA lesion, defining the downstream cellular responses to DSBs are critical for understanding the mechanisms of tumor cell responses to IR. The effects of experimental IR on HNSCC cells beyond DNA damage in vitro are ill-defined. Here we combined label-free, quantitative phase and fluorescent microscopy to define the effects of IR on the dry mass and volume of the HNSCC cell line, UM-SCC-22A. We quantified nuclear and cytoplasmic subcellular density alterations resulting from 8 Gy X-ray IR and correlated these signatures with DNA and γ-H2AX expression patterns. This study utilizes a synergistic imaging approach to study both biophysical and biochemical alterations in cells following radiation damage and will aid in future understanding of cellular responses to radiation therapy.
Field Oriented Control of Induction Motors

Induction motors have always been known for their simple rugged construction, but until lately were not suitable for variable speed or servo drives due to the inherent complexity of the controls. With the advent of field oriented control (FOC), however, the induction motor has become an attractive option for these types of drive systems. At NASA Lewis Research Center, we are currently working with an FOC system which utilizes the pulse population modulation method to synthesize the motor drive frequencies. This system allows for a variable voltage to frequency ratio and enables the user to have independent control of both the speed and torque of an induction motor. A second generation of the control boards have been developed and tested at NASA with the next point of focus being the minimization of the size and complexity of these controls. Many options have been considered with the best approach being the use of a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) due to its inherent ability to quickly evaluate control algorithms. This paper will discuss the present test results of the system and the status of the optimization process using a DSP.
A retrieval model using feature selection

ABSTRACT Most case-based memory models assume retrieval is an automatic process where an input is matched to the contents of memory and an episode is activated based on similarity; however, there are many instances where overall similarity alone is not sufficient to identify a single prior instance that corresponds to an input instance. Instead, goal context appears to affect the process of retrieving cases from memory: the same information, in the presence of different processing goals such as explanation or planning, will result in retrieval of different prior cases from memory. The evidence for this claim consists of a series of experiments demonstrating that activation of cases does not occur automatically, but is dependent on strategic processing goals. (Seifert, McKoon, Abelson, and Ratcliff, 1985). A hybrid model of retrieval is proposed that incorporates the content-addressable character of distributed memory models with goals as a controlling mechanism to focus attention on features that will produce relevant remindings. A weighting scheme is designed to help the network override features that prevent a match by focusing on features that are related to the goals of the model. This general notion of feature selection appears useful in incorporating expectations about the usefulness of features with the general learning approach in distributed models of learning where the input features are given equal weight as the model learns various associations within the task domain. In this paper, I propose that such systems may be able to speed the learning process by using a scheme to weight features before learning, based on prior expectations of the relevance of particular features within the task domain.
The effects of inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase, lipoxygenase and nitric oxide synthase pathways on the toxicity of hydroxyurea in adrenalectomized rats.

Our previous observations on the toxic effects of hydroxyurea (HU) in adrenalectomized (ADX) rats prompted us to suggest that these effects might be mediated by an increased synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, which display similar toxicological profiles (e.g. increased lethality in adrenal-ablated animals). The present study was aimed at investigating whether some of the mediators of the biological effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. prostaglandins, leukotrienes and nitric oxide) are involved in the severe HU toxicity seen in ADX rats. The latter were treated over a 5-day period with HU alone or HU plus specific inhibitors of prostaglandin, leukotriene and nitric oxide synthetic pathways. Mortality was recorded throughout the experiments. Results showed that, while corticosterone and dexamethasone afford significant protection against HU toxicity, the latter is not reduced and may even be aggravated by treatments with specific inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase, lipoxygenase or nitric oxide synthase.
WomenPreneurs: 21st Century Success Strategies by Dorothy Perrin Moore

Entrepreneurship is our last great hope to overcome the pitfalls of the global recession and slow economy, and women are leading the way. Maybe you have read More magazine's profiles of women's “se...
Strategy in research design and hypothesis testing

The efficiency of a research design may be measured in terms of the degree to which knowledge is enhanced within given resource constraints. Thus, two different types of research design, even though they contain the same number of expected observations, may differ considerably in the amount of information provided. An example is the number N of 32 observations obtained with an analysis of variance witheither 2 factors, 2 levels per factor and a replication of 8or 4 factors, 4 levels per factor and a replication of 2. We analyze and compare the relative efficiencies of regression and variance analysis models and their implications to research strategy development. Three major considerations are evaluated: (1) short versus long time horizon (interval until effects of a decision are realized), (2) small versus large cost of erroneous rejection of the Null Hypothesis and (3) gross versus refined stage of development of the research study. A set of general guidelines towards improved designs is developed.
Vaccines and inflammatory bowel disease.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are at increased risk for infection due to both their underlying disease and the immunosuppressive the
Dissolved phosphorus retention of light-weight expanded shale and masonry sand used in subsurface flow treatment wetlands

Using surface flow constructed wetlands for long-term phosphorus (P) retention presents a challenge due to the fact that P is stored primarily in the sediments. Subsurface flow wetlands have the po...
Aeroelastic stability analyses of two counter rotating propfan designs for a cruise missile model

Aeroelastic stability analyses were performed to insure structural integrity of two counterrotating propfan blade designs for a NAVY/Air Force/NASA cruise missile model wind tunnel test. This analysis predicted if the propfan designs would be flutter free at the operating conditions of the wind tunnel test. Calculated stability results are presented for the two blade designs with rotational speed and Mach number as the parameters. A aeroelastic analysis code ASTROP2 (Aeroelastic Stability and Response of Propulsion Systems - 2 Dimensional Analysis), developed at LeRC, was used in this project. The aeroelastic analysis is a modal method and uses the combination of a finite element structural model and two dimensional steady and unsteady cascade aerodynamic models. This code was developed to analyze single rotation propfans but was modified and applied to counterrotating propfans for the present work. Modifications were made to transform the geometry and rotation of the aft rotor to the same reference frame as the forward rotor, to input a non-uniform inflow into the rotor being analyzed, and to automatically converge to the least stable aeroelastic mode.
The Spin-Label Approach to Labeling Membrane Protein Sulfhydryl Groups

Labeling experiments with viable membrane preparations are optimally undertaken where conditions are extremely mild (minimal excess of modification reagent, very short reaction times) in order to reduce the possibilities of introducing artifacts (cell aging and death, denaturation, etc.). Furthermore, specificity of labeling is a critical requirement where the system is complex and contains many proteins. The spin label IV described above offers several advantages over previously employed reagents. By virtue of its reversibility and ease of quantitation, one may repetitively label and remove label from the same membrane preparation in order to check reproducibility while using the same sample as a control.
Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure in COPD Patients: Response To Therapy

Introduction The clinical course of patients withacute exacerbations of underlying COPD presenting with hypercapnicrespiratory failure was reviewed. Methods This was aretrospective review of 138 episodes of hypercapnic respiratory failure(Pa co 2 ≥ 50 mm Hg and pH ≤ 7.35). Patientswere admitted to the West Los Angeles VAMC Medical Intensive Care Unitbetween 1990 and 1994. Results Of the 138 hypercapnicepisodes, 74 (54%) required intubation. Comparison was made with the64 cases in which patients responded to medical therapy. Patientsrequiring intubation had a greater severity of illness, with a higherAPACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) score(18 ± 5 vs 16 ± 4; p Conclusions This study provides a better characterizationof the response to therapy of COPD patients with hypercapnicrespiratory failure. This should be useful in limiting or omittingmedical therapy in high-risk patients, thereby avoiding delays inintubation as well as providing a framework for continued therapy inthose more likely to improve.
Understanding and interrupting hegemonic projects in education: learning from Stuart Hall

Stuart Hall had a significant impact on critical analyses of rightist mobilizations in education. This is very visible in my own work, for example, in such volumes as Official Knowledge (2014) and Educating the ‘Right’ Way (2006). After describing an important series of lectures that Stuart Hall gave at the Havens Center for Social Structure and Social Change at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, I detail the nonessentialist position that served as the grounding of Hall's own discussion of race, ideology, and conjuncture, and how it affected so much of the critical examination of neoliberal and neoconservative reconstructions of education. In the context of laying out the tasks of the ‘critical scholar/activist in education,’ I then portray what we can learn from Hall about the role of the organic intellectual.
Studies of effects of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate in regulation of human hemopoiesis in vitro

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), high concentrations of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP), and theophylline were strikingly inhibitory both to tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation into bone marrow deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in vitro and to granulocytic colony growth. Autoradiography revealed that lower concentrations of dbcAMP were stimulatory to red blood cell precursors.