cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
P02.147. Emotions matter: sustained reductions in chronic non-structural pain after a brief, manualized emotional processing program

Methods An initial individual session was conducted by one of the authors (HS) to assess medical conditions and review life stressors and symptom progression in order to identify linkages between stressors and symptoms. The treatment program consisted of 4 weekly small group 2-hour sessions. Components included readings, writing about emotions, mindfulness and emotional awareness exercises (on CD), and other techniques to help people identify and process emotions related to stress and pain. Homework (e.g., writing, mindfulness exercises) was assigned daily. Patients were assessed at baseline by a research team and at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Included instruments were the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ).
Comparison of information content of structured and narrative text data sources on the example of medication intensification.

Objective: To compare information obtained from narrative and structured electronic sources using anti-hypertensive medication intensification as an example clinical issue of interest. Design: A retrospective cohort study of 5,634 hypertensive patients with diabetes from 2000 to 2005. Measurements: The authors determined the fraction of medication intensification events documented in both narrative and structured data in the electronic medical record. The authors analyzed the relationship between provider characteristics and concordance between intensifications in narrative and structured data. As there is no gold standard data source for medication information, the authors clinically validated medication intensification information by assessing the relationship between documented medication intensification and the patients' blood pressure in univariate and multivariate models. Results: Overall, 5,627 (30.9%) of 18,185 medication intensification events were documented in both sources. For a medication intensification event documented in narrative notes the probability of a concordant entry in structured records increased by 11% for each study year (p 0.0001) and decreased by 19% for each decade of provider age (p 0.035). In a multivariate model that adjusted for patient demographics and intraphysician correlations, an increase of one medication intensification per month documented in either narrative or structured data were associated with a 5-8 mm Hg monthly decrease in systolic and 1.5-4 mm Hg decrease in diastolic blood pressure (p 0.0001 for all). Conclusion: Narrative and structured electronic data sources provide complementary information on anti- hypertensive medication intensification. Clinical validity of information in both sources was demonstrated by correlation with changes in blood pressure.
Lithium-ion storage properties of titanium oxide nanosheets

A detailed kinetic analysis is used to determine the fundamental energy storage properties and rate capabilities of TiO2 nanosheets. These materials exhibit different properties compared to anatase nanocrystals including a shift to lower redox potentials for Li+ storage and the reversible charge storage of Na+. Nanosheets are intriguing for energy storage applications due to the fact that nearly the entire surface of the material, including specific crystal facets, can be exposed to the electrolyte.
Effects of proteins on the growth of cadmium sulfide sols

Abstract The effects of various proteins (ovalbumin, γ-globulin, and lysozyme) on the growth of uniform spherical colloidal cadmium sulfide particles from “seeds” in aqueous media at 26°C are reported. The type and the amount of added protein influenced the size and the morphology of the resulting solids. Particles prepared in the presence of low amounts ( 10 ppm) and those of lysozyme (>10 −3 ppm) or γ-globulin (>10 −4 ppm) were larger, as compared to the same dispersion precipitated in the absence of the biopolymers. In the latter samples a roughening of the particle surface was observed.
Viscosity of mixtures of diatomic fluids using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics

Etude des variations de la longueur de la liaison et de la taille moleculaire sur la viscosite de melanges binaires equimolaires.
Integrating VBM into the General Linear Model with Voxelwise Anatomical Covariates

A current limitation for imaging of brain function is the potential confound of anatomical differences or registration error, which may manifest via apparent functional “activation” for between-subject analyses. With respect to functional activations, underlying tissue mismatches can be regarded as a nuisance variable. We propose adding the probability of gray matter at a given voxel as a covariate (nuisance variable) in the analysis of voxelwise multisubject functional data using standard statistical techniques. A method is presented to assess the extent to which a functional activation can reliably be explained by underlying anatomical differences, and simultaneously, to assess the component of the functional activation which cannot be attributed to anatomical difference and thus is likely due to functional difference alone. Extension of the method to other intermodal imaging applications is discussed. Two exemplary data sets, one PET and one fMRI, are used to demonstrate the implementation and utility of this method, which apportions the relative contributions of anatomy and function for an apparent functional activation. The examples show two distinct types of results. First, a so-called functional activation may actually be caused by a systematic anatomical difference which, when modeled, diminishes the functional effect. In the second result type, including the anatomical differences in the model can account for a large component of otherwise unmodeled variance, yielding an increase in the functional effect cluster size and/or magnitude. In either case, ignoring the readily available structural information can lead to misinterpretation of functional results.
Pre and Post Least Squares: The Emergence of Robust Estimation

The paper traces the history of estimation of unknown parameters when measurements are subject to error from the time of Ptolemy to Gauss and Laplace, the inventors of the method of least squares estimation (LSE). The modern theory of LSE started with the papers by Markoff and Aitken and later contributions by Bose and the author. The LSE’s have some nice properties. However, they are found to be sensitive to outliers and contamination in the data. To overcome this defect, robust methods are introduced using measures of discrepancy between a measurement and its expected value which have a slower rate of growth than the squared value. A unified theory of robust estimation is described using the difference of two convex functions as the measure of discrepancy.
Within-tree variation of monoterpene hydrocarbon composition of Slash Pine oleoresin.

Abstract Within-tree variation of monoterpene hydrocarbons in oleoresin from four 19-year-old slash pine trees( Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii ) was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Oleoresins from needles, branch cortex, branch xylem, trunk xylem, and root xylem all different from one another in composition. Needle and branch cortex oleoresins resembled each other more than either resembled the xylem oleoresins. The percentages of certain xylem oleoresin components varied with height of sampling point above the ground. Significant differences in oleoresin composition also occurred among annual rings of the same tree.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP): Predictors of Recurrence and the Use of Systemic Therapy

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon soft tissue malignancy that typically presents with local invasion but rarely metastasizes. We examine clinicopathologic factors associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with primary and recurrent DFSP and evaluate responses to multimodality therapy. Patients treated for DFSP were identified in a prospectively maintained database. Clinicopathologic factors associated with DFS were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 244 patients with DFSP were identified. Median follow-up was 50 months. A total of 14 patients had local recurrence (LR), and 2 patients had distant recurrence (DR), with a median time to recurrence of 35 months. At time of last follow-up, 70% and 47% of patients showed no evidence of disease (NED) in the primary (n = 197) and recurrent groups (n = 47), respectively. On univariate analysis, tumor location and depth were associated with DFS in the primary group, while margin status (R1 vs. R0) was associated with DFS in the LR group. On multivariate analysis, only depth (primary group) and margin status (LR group), remained significant. Also, 22 patients had therapy other than surgical resection: 14 radiotherapy, 4 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) only, 2 conventional chemotherapy only, and 2 chemotherapy plus TKI. Responses to other therapies were variable. DFS after treatment for DFSP is strongly predicted by tumor depth in the primary setting and margin status in recurrent tumors. The treatment for DFSP in the primary or recurrent setting is excision with negative margins, resulting in low recurrence rates and infrequent metastatic spread. Multimodality treatment, especially TKI use, can be effective, but is not curative.
Distributed LMS for Consensus-Based In-Network Adaptive Processing

Adaptive algorithms based on in-network processing of distributed observations are well-motivated for online parameter estimation and tracking of (non)stationary signals using ad hoc wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To this end, a fully distributed least mean-square (D-LMS) algorithm is developed in this paper, offering simplicity and flexibility while solely requiring single-hop communications among sensors. The resultant estimator minimizes a pertinent squared-error cost by resorting to i) the alternating-direction method of multipliers so as to gain the desired degree of parallelization and ii) a stochastic approximation iteration to cope with the time-varying statistics of the process under consideration. Information is efficiently percolated across the WSN using a subset of ldquobridgerdquo sensors, which further tradeoff communication cost for robustness to sensor failures. For a linear data model and under mild assumptions aligned with those considered in the centralized LMS, stability of the novel D-LMS algorithm is established to guarantee that local sensor estimation error norms remain bounded most of the time. Interestingly, this weak stochastic stability result extends to the pragmatic setup where intersensor communications are corrupted by additive noise. In the absence of observation and communication noise, consensus is achieved almost surely as local estimates are shown exponentially convergent to the parameter of interest with probability one. Mean-square error performance of D-LMS is also assessed. Numerical simulations: i) illustrate that D-LMS outperforms existing alternatives that rely either on information diffusion among neighboring sensors, or, local sensor filtering; ii) highlight its tracking capabilities; and iii) corroborate the stability and performance analysis results.
Effects of projected climate change on the hydrology in the Mono Lake Basin, California

The Californian Mono Lake Basin (MLB) is a fragile ecosystem, for which a 1983 ruling carefully balanced water diversions with ecological needs without the consideration of global climate change. The hydroclimatologic response to the impact of projected climatic changes in the MLB has not been comprehensively assessed and is the focus of this study. Downscaled temperature and precipitation projections from 16 Global Climate Models (GCMs), using two emission scenarios (B1 and A2), were used to drive a calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model to assess the effects on streamflow on the two significant inflows to the MLB, Lee Vining and Rush Creeks. For the MLB, the GCM ensemble output suggests significant increases in annual temperature, averaging 2.5 and 4.1 °C for the B1 and A2 emission scenarios, respectively, with concurrent small (1–3 %) decreases in annual precipitation by the end of the century. Annual total evapotranspiration is projected to increase by 10 mm by the end of the century for both emission scenarios. SWAT modeling results suggest a significant hydrologic response in the MLB by the end of the century that includes a) decreases in annual streamflow by 15 % compared to historical conditions b) an advance of the peak snowmelt runoff to 1 month earlier (June to May), c) a decreased (10–15 %) occurrence of ‘wet’ hydrologic years, and d) and more frequent (7–22 %) drought conditions. Ecosystem health and water diversions may be affected by reduced water availability in the MLB by the end of the century.
Analysis of derivative binding isotherms. Theoretical considerations

The basic theoretical groundwork for the use of derivative binding isotherms in the analysis of ligand binding is presented. The derivative binding isotherm is defined as Γ (Y) = df/dy where f = fractional degree of saturation and y = natural logarithm of the free ligand concentration. Since Γ (y) is a positive function, which goes to zero as y ±∞, the mean value of y, 〈y〉, and the second and third moments, μ2 and μ3 about 〈y〉 are well defined. For a macromolecular system consisting of N equivalent and independent binding sites, Γ (y) is a symmetrical bell-shaped function with one maximum. The maximum occurs when y = −ln Kassoc; μ2 = π2/3, and μ3 = 0. For multiple sets of independent binding sites, Γ (y) is a superposition of Γ-type functions. If the sets are sufficiently well separated in binding free energy, multiple extrema may be seen at positions corresponding to the logarithms of the dissociation constants for the individual sets. In any case, 〈y〉 is equal to the mean value of the logarithms of the dissociation constants for the sets; μ2 > π2/3 and equal to π2/3 plus the variance of the logarithms of the dissociation constants about their mean value; and μ3 is, except by coincidence, not equal to zero and equals the third moment of the distribution of logarithms of the dissociation constants about their mean value. Analysis of Γ(y) for the case of cooperative interactions within a set of binding sites was investigated by examining (1) the Hill model (whose mathematical representation is equivalent to that used to describe antibody heterogeneity except that in the latter case the parameter a, the Sips, constant, is constrained (0 < a ≤1);(2) a common model for cooperativity in which the cooperative free energy is a linear function of the fraction bound; and (3) a general representation of cooperative interactions within a set of sites in terms of ϕ(f), a smooth function that gives the interaction free energy in units of RT. For the Hill model (or Sips model) Γ(y) is a symmetrical function with one maximum at y = (−1)/a)lnK, μ2 = π2/3a2; and μ3 = 0. For the case in which the cooperative free energy is a linear function of f [ϕ(f) = cf], 〈y〉 = −ln K0 + (c/2); μ2 = (π2/3) + c[(c/12) + 1] where c > −4; and μ3 = 0. General expressions for the moments in terms of ϕ(f) are derived. In general, μ2 (π2/3) for negative for negative cooperativity. Γ(y) will be symmetrical if and only if the cooperative free energy is introduced symmetrically about f = 0.5.
Solution structure of the N‐terminal A domain of the human voltage‐gated Ca2+channel β4a subunit

Ca2+ channel β subunits regulate trafficking and gating (opening and closing) of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel α 1 subunits. Based on primary sequence comparisons, they are thought to be modular structures composed of five domains (A–E) that are related to the large family of membrane associated guanylate-kinase (MAGUK) proteins. The crystal structures of the β subunit core, B–D, domains have recently been reported; however, very little is known about the structures of the A and E domains. The N-terminal A domain is a hypervariable region that differs among the four subtypes of Ca2+ channel β subunits (β1–β4). Furthermore, this domain undergoes alternative splicing to create multiple N-terminal structures within a given gene class that have distinct effects on gating. We have solved the solution structure of the A domain of the human β4a subunit, a splice variant that we have shown previously to have α 1 subunit subtype-specific effects on Ca2+ channel trafficking and gating.
Coral-based climate variability in the Western Pacific Warm Pool since 1867

[1] We have generated monthly resolved, stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C) and Sr/Ca time series from a massive Porites coral from Rabaul (4°S, 152°E): a site located in the warmest sector of the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). The coral δ18O and Sr/Ca time series are well correlated to each other and positive excursions in both records coincide with times of ENSO warm phase events. These time series contain abundant interannual variability that exhibits the well-recognized pattern of low amplitude ENSO variation between ∼1920–1960 and high amplitude ENSO variation between 1880–1920 and 1960–1997. The ENSO-filtered coral δ18O and Sr/Ca time series are well matched to each other (r = 0.73) and to similarly filtered coral δ18O records from Papua New Guinea (r > 0.56). There is no long-term trend in the coral δ18O record, but there is a long-term trend of increasing coral Sr/Ca from 1867 to 1997. This trend in coral Sr/Ca suggests a cooling of ∼0.7°C, which is rather unlikely and implies that factors other than SST may be influencing the coral Sr/Ca record. The trend in coral Sr/Ca is not an analytical artifact, nor a product of time varying riverine input, nor a product of skeletal diagenesis, nor the results of kinetic effects, but may reflect surface-water variability in Sr/Ca. Despite the presence of a nonclimatic trend in coral Sr/Ca, the Rabaul coral records contain abundant interannual- to multidecadal-scale variability, much of which is coherent with other proxy records from the WPWP and with instrumental records of ENSO variability.
Fixed-Dose Combination Antihypertensive Drugs Do They Have a Role in Rational Therapy?

Fixed-dose combination antihypertensive therapy has been available for over 25 years. During that time, considerable progress has been made in the development of physiologically appropriate combinations. The inherent advantage of fixed-dose combination therapy resides in its improving compliance because fewer pills are required. Alternatively, fixed-dose combination therapy limits dosage flexibility and dose titration of a single component of the combination to complement ongoing treatment of a concomitant non-hypertensive illness. The most frequently employed fixed-dose combinations include some form of a thiazide diuretic together with either a potassium-sparing diuretic, beta-blocker or an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. Newer combinations using a calcium channel blocker and beta-blocker, or a calcium channel blocker and an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor are either in development or soon to be available. Such developments, if combined with appropriate cost reductions will ultimately increase the popularity of these combination drug administration strategies.
Stereo/motion cues in pre-attentive vision processing-some experiments with random-dot stereographic image sequences

Exploration of human, low-level, pre-attentive vision processing is facilitated using stroboscopic presentation of sequences of random dot stereograms, which contain only local spatial and temporal information thereby limiting the processing of these images to low level. The paper describes four demonstrations that utilize these sequences to explore the relationships of various cues, i.e. optical flow, stereo disparity, and occlusion, at the low level. To better study these relationships, especially the resolution of conflicting information among the cues, some of the image sequences present information not generally encountered in 'natural' scenes. Dominance of the stereo cue and the complex relationship between optical flow cues and disparity cues are well demonstrated. >
MODULATION OF TENSION PRODUCTION BY OCTOPAMINE IN THE METATHORACIC DORSAL LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE OF THE CRICKET TELEOGRYLLUS OCEANICUS

1. Application of octopamine to the metathoracic dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) of the cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus produced dose-dependent increases twitch amplitude, contraction rate and relaxation rate. The threshold for octopamine effects was between 10 −8 and 10 −7 moll −1 , while maximal effects were seen at approximately 10 −5 moll −1 2. The octopamine receptors were classified as octopamine 2 receptors on the basis of the differential responsiveness of the muscle to the octopamine agonists naphazoline, tolazoline, clonidine and the octopamine antagonists metoclopramide and chlorpromazine. It was not possible to distinguish between octopamine 2A or octopamine 2B receptors in this preparation. 3. Octopamine had both presynaptic and postsynaptic effects, since it increased both miniature end-plate potential (mEPP) frequency and muscle relaxation rate 4. At a calcium concentration of 11 mmoll −1 , octopamine did not affect muscle membrane potential, input resistance or EJP amplitude, but the EJP duration at half amplitude ( T ½ ) was slightly increased. In low-calcium saline (1.8 mmol −1 ), octopamine did not affect membrane potential or T ½ , but EJP amplitude was increased 5. Stimulation of the octopaminergic dorsal unpaired median neuron (DUMDL), which innervates the metathoracic DLM, increased twitch amplitude about 25% of the preparations. Failure in the other preparations wasapparently due to spike conduction failure within the metathoracic ganglion.6. These results show that octopamine can be an important modulator of metathoracic DLM tension production
Ultrahigh surface area carbon from carbonated beverages: Combining self-templating process and in situ activation

Abstract Ultrahigh surface area carbons (USACs, e.g., >2000 m2/g) are attracting tremendous attention due to their outstanding performance in energy-related applications. The state-of-art approaches to USACs involve templating or activation methods and all these techniques show certain drawbacks. In this work, a series of USACs with specific surface areas up to 3633 m2/g were prepared in two steps: hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C) of carbonated beverages (CBs) and further thermal treatment in nitrogen (600–1000 °C). The rich inner porosity is formed by a self-templated process during which acids and polyelectrolyte sodium salts in the beverage formulas make some contribution. This strategy covers various CBs such as Coca Cola®, Pepsi Cola®, Dr. Pepper®, and Fanta® and it enables an acceptable product yield (based on sugars), for example: 21 wt% for carbon (2940 m2/g) from Coca Cola®. Being potential electrode materials for supercapacitors, those carbon materials possessed a good specific capacitance (57.2–185.7 F g−1) even at a scan rate of 1000 mV s−1. Thus, a simple and efficient strategy to USACs has been presented.
Prototypes of self‐powered radiation detectors employing intrinsic high‐energy current

Purpose: The authors experimentally investigate the effect of direct energy conversion of x-rays via selfpowered Auger- and photocurrent, potentially suitable to practical radiationdetection and dosimetry in medical applications. Experimental results are compared to computational predictions. The detector the authors consider is a thin-film multilayer device, composed of alternating disparate electrically conductive and insulating layers. This paper focuses on the experiments while a companion paper introduces the fundamental concepts of high-energy current (HEC) detectors. Methods: The energy of ionizing radiation is directly converted to detector signal via electric current induced by high-energy secondary electrons generated in the detector material by the incident primary radiation. The HEC electrons also ionize the dielectric and the resultant charge carriers are selfcollected due to the contact potential of the disparate electrodes. Thus, an electric current is induced in the conductors in two different ways without the need for externally applied bias voltage or amplification. Thus, generated signal in turn is digitized by a data acquisition system. To determine the fundamental properties of the HEC detector and to demonstrate its feasibility for medical applications, the authors used a planar geometry composed of multilayer microstructures. Various detectors with up to seven conducting layers with different combinations of materials (250 μm Al, 35 μm Cu, 100 μm Pb) and air gaps (100 μm) were exposed to nearly plane-parallel 60–120 kVp x-ray beams. For the experimental design and verification, the authors performed coupled electron–photon radiation transport computations. The detector signal was measured using a commercial data acquisition system with 24 bits dynamic range, 0.4 fC sensitivity, and 0.9 ms sampling time. Results: Measured signals for the prototype detector varied depending on the number of layers, material type, and incident photon energy, and it was in the range of 30–150 nA/cm2 for unit air kerma (1 Gy), which is viable for practical applications. The experiments had an excellent agreement with the computations. Within the examined range of 60–120 kVp, the energy dependence of the HEC (normalized to the x-ray tube output) was relatively small. Conclusions: Based on the experimental results for 100 ms sampling time, it would be possible to measure the time dependence of x-ray beams for x-ray tube current of 0.1 mA or higher. Significant advantages of the HEC device are that generation of its signal does not require external power supply, it can be made in any size and shape, including flexible curvilinear forms, and it is inexpensive. It remains to be determined, which of the potential applications in medical dosimetry (both in vivo and external), or radiation protection would benefit from such selfpowered detectors.
Feasibility Studies of Alpha-Particle Channeling in Mirror Machines

AbstractThe linear magnetic trap is an attractive concept both for fusion reactors and for other plasma applications because of its relative engineering simplicity and high-beta operation. Applying...
Shared values, new vision: Collaboration and communities of practice in virtual reference and SQA

This investigation of new approaches to improving collaboration, user/librarian experiences, and sustainability for virtual reference services VRS reports findings from a grant project titled "Cyber Synergy: Seeking Sustainability between Virtual Reference and Social QA Davies, framework was found to be a useful conceptualization for understanding VRS professionals' approaches to their work. Findings indicate that participants usually refer questions from outside of their area of expertise to other librarians, but occasionally refer them to nonlibrarian experts. These referrals are made possible because participants believe that other VRS librarians are qualified and willing collaborators. Barriers to collaboration include not knowing appropriate librarians/experts for referral, inability to verify credentials, and perceived unwillingness to collaborate. Facilitators to collaboration include knowledge of appropriate collaborators who are qualified and willingness to refer. Answers from SQA services were perceived as less objective and authoritative, but participants were open to collaborating with nonlibrarian experts with confirmation of professional expertise or extensive knowledge.
Medusa Recapit(ul)ated: Freud, Female Genitalia and the “Cunt-roversy” at CU

This paper revisits Freud's famous posthumous essay on "Medusa's Head" in light of a recent "cunt-roversy" at the University of Colorado, Boulder, where a scandal erupted involving the remark made in deposition by the female President of the University (during an allegation against the university) that defended the "c-word" as neither "vile" nor "disgusting." In exploring the reasons behind this "most offensive" word the essay returns to Freud's essay in arguing that the dreaded, decapitated "c-word" replays the drama of the dreaded, decapitated Medusa as a symbol of female sexuality.
Characterization of Carbonaceous Aerosols Emitted from Outdoor Wood Boilers

This study examines the chemical properties of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from different outdoor wood-fired boiler (OWB) technologies including two cord wood heaters, a pellet heater, and a multistage gasifier/combustor. The effect of fuel type [red oak wood (Quercus rubra), white pine wood (Pinus strobes), and red oak with supplementary refuse] on aerosol composition was examined using a classic boiler unit. Aerosol particle emissions were captured using established filter-based sampling methodology and subsequently analyzed using thermal-optical analysis and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. GC-MS was coupled with a novel reduced-volume solvent extraction technique for semivolatile organic compound (SVOC) analysis. GC-MS identified 9% w/w of the aerosol mass emitted from the OWBs on average. The OWB aerosols comprised 1–5% w/w levoglucosan, an important molecular marker of cellulose pyrolysis. Organic acid and methoxyphenol SVOC classes showed the highest average concentrations...
The fern genus Adenoderris (family incertae sedis) is artificial

For over a century the relationships of the rare fern genus Adenoderris J. Sm. have been confused. Here, we (1) present a molecular analysis of the genus based on multiple chloroplast markers with the goal of placing its species phylogenetically, (2) provide insights into its morphology and complex taxonomy, and (3) make relevant nomenclatural changes. In seeking a resolution of the problems with Adenoderris, we investigated the morphological, historical, ecological, and biogeographical factors that have made Adenoderris so difficult to place with certainty. The key findings are that (1) Adenoderris comprises two species that were included in the genus on the basis of convergent and symplesiomorphic morphological features, and (2) though the two species both lie in the Dryopteridaceae, they belong to different genera. The correct names for these two spe - cies are Polystichum glandulosum C. Presl and Dryopteris sororia (Maxon) M. McHenry, Sundue & Barrington, comb. nov.
Design of serial communication interface with absolute optoelectronic encoder based on DSP

In order to achieve the motor position detection by using the optical absolute encoder of SSI interface in the motor servo control system,the general I/O port of the DSP chip TMS320F2812 was adopted to simulate the communication between SSI interface and absolute encoder,the communication time-sequence program of SSI interface was compiled,and the position detection experiment of the absolute encoder was done.The full range output value of the absolute encoder was obtained.The value after single turn is 0~25536,and after 4096 turns is 0~268435456.The research achieved the following conclusions: the absolute encoder can realize accurate position acquisition and control,and the general I/O port can realize SSI interface communication.The system has the advantages of the simple design,low cost,easy maintenance and accurate position detection,and can replace the special decoding chip.
On Asymptotic Analysis for Some Numerical Integral Formulas

This paper gives asymptotic properties of some numerical integral formulas, these formulas include rectangle rule, trapezoid rule and parabolic rule. The location of medium point to contain within remainder term is determined when the length of integral interval tends to zero. The correct formulas with respect to the rules are presented, they have higher algebraic accuracy. We carry out some numerical experiments and obtain fairly good numerical results.
Clinically Significant Interactions with Antidepressants

Depression is one of the most frequent and severe mental disorders, and concurrent medical conditions commonly coexist in depressed patients. This presents numerous potentials for interactions between antidepressants and other non-psychotropics prescribed for the same patient. Many selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors possess various extent of inhibition towards different cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes, which constitute the primary mechanism of reported antidepressant drug interactions in the literature. Most of the antidepressants are also metabolized by the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system. As such, modulation of their hepatic elimination can occur with concurrently administered substrates, inhibitors, or inducers of the same cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme. In addition, the basal enzyme activity and genetic polymorphism affecting specific cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme can affect the magnitude and clinical significance of the cytochrome P-450-mediated drug-antidepressant interaction. In addition to drug-metabolizing enzymes, uptake and efflux drug transporters that are present at many biological membranes, including the blood-brain barrier, the intestinal epithelial cells, the hepatocytes, and the renal tubular cells, can also affect systemic exposure and central nervous system penetration of most antidepressants, and hence pharmacological response. Although cytochrome P-450-mediated drug interactions still constitute the majority of the reported literature data, more recent studies have focused on these drug transporters in mediating drug interactions, including the antidepressants. In contrast to pharmacokinetic interactions, pharmacodynamic drug interactions involving the antidepressants mostly are derived from case reports and less well documented. Nevertheless, the more relevant and clinically significant pharmacodynamic interactions will also be reviewed.
Stigma and Prejudice Against Individuals Experiencing Homelessness

More than two million people experience homelessness annually in the United States, with point-in-time estimates indicating the presence of greater than 500,000 homeless individuals nationwide in a single night in January 2014. Despite these numbers, homeless individuals struggle every day under the weight of anti-homeless stigma and oppression that render them seemingly invisible yet vulnerable to acts of violence, restrictions on the activities related to homelessness, sexual assault, exploitation, and human trafficking. This stigma, reflected in general society, city legislation, law enforcement, and even the health care system, dramatically decreases the quality of life of homeless individuals and further marginalizes a population that already struggles with meeting the basic human needs of food, clothing, and shelter. These anti-homeless sentiments date back centuries in America to before the birth of the nation, and vestiges of historical anti-homeless ideologies dating back to colonial times can be found in modern iterations of legislation and societal attitudes toward individuals experiencing homelessness today. Individuals experiencing homelessness are three to four times more likely to die prematurely than the general population, reflecting marked disparities in health outcomes for this population compared to the general population. Eliminating stigmatization of homeless individuals will require multi-disciplinary, concerted efforts involving the legislative, social services, law enforcement, and health care fields.
The Use of Peptones as Medium Additives for High-Density Perfusion Cultures of Animal Cells

This paper describes the test of several new vegetarian hydrolysates (peptones of soy, rice, wheat gluten etc.) as protein-free medium supplements for the production of a recombinant therapeutic protein. Multiple peptone-supplemented, continuous perfusion bioreactor experiments were conducted. Cell specific rates and product quality studies were obtained for the various peptones and compared with peptone-free medium. It was found that peptones confer a nutritional benefit, especially at low dilution rates, for a recombinant BHK cell line used in this investigation. The specific productivity increased 20–30% compared to the peptone-free controls. However, this benefit was also fully delivered by using fortified medium in place of the peptone-enriched media.
Impact of Changing Human Resource Practices on Job Satisfaction – A Comparative Study

Providing job satisfaction is one of the challenging tasks in human resource management. In recent years,many innovations are happening in human resource practices. Organizations are changing from traditional human resource practices to modern human resource practices. Aim of this study is to compare the modern human resource practices with traditional human resource practices in order to job satisfaction.Result of this study shoes that flexible work place arrangement like flexible working hours, flexible working place and fun at work place provide job satisfaction. Promotion in terms of employee empowerment in decision making and responsibility is an innovative human resource practice leads to job satisfaction and organizational commitment.Fixed salary and increment is the evergreen human resource practice gives more impact on job satisfaction.
A low-power SiGe D-band total power radiometer with NEPmin of 1.4 fW/Hz½ and NETD of 0.25K

This paper presents a low-noise SiGe radiometer at 136 GHz developed in an IBM 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The radiometer chip consumes 45 mW and results in a minimum NEP of 1.4 fW/Hz½ with a peak responsivity of 52 MV/W at 136 GHz and a noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of 0.25K (τ = 3.125 mS). To the best of our knowledge, this is the lowest temperature resolution in silicon technologies at D-band.
chapter 14 – The Conversation Board

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the conversion board (CB) in an attempt to acquire language training in a different normal environment. The CB was designed to serve chiefly as a language training adjunct, it may prove valuable as a device for conversation between subject and experimenter or perhaps even between one subject and another after elementary and intermediate language training with the stationary facility. During operation of the CB, both parties in the conversation use the same row of projectors. When the CB is employed indoors, a separate power supply connected to the building mains is used. One hopes that the CB communication will serve as a reinforcer in such a way that it will foster language usage in many different situations. An increase in preference for the CB over time should indicate an increase in the subject's preference for communication via the route provided by the CB. Thus, the CB should provide a means to take advantage of the desire for communication potential so that the gap from language facility in the computer environment to language facility in the subject's regular environment can be bridged.
New Regio- and Stereoselective Cascades via Unstabilized Azomethine Ylide Cycloadditions for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Tropane and Indolizidine Frameworks

Multisubstituted tropanes and indolizidines have been prepared with high regio- and stereoselectivity by the [3+2] cycloaddition of unstabilized azomethine ylides generated from readily prepared trimethylsilyl-substituted 1,2-dihydropyridines via protonation or alkylation followed by desilylation. Starting from 1,2-dihydropyridines bearing a ring trimethylsilyl substituent at the 6-position, an intermolecular alkylation/desilylation provides endocyclic unstabilized ylides that successfully undergo cycloaddition with a range of symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkyne and alkene dipolarophiles to afford densely substituted tropanes incorporating quaternary carbons in good yields and with high regio- and stereoselectivity. Additionally, an intramolecular alkylation/desilylation/cycloaddition sequence provides convenient and rapid entry to bridged tricyclic tropane skeletons, allowing for five contiguous carbon stereocenters to be set in a single experimental operation and under mild conditions. Starting from 1,...
Fabrication of ceramic structures for MM-wave traveling wave tubes

We present the results of our investigations of fabrication technologies for ceramic photonic band gap (PBG) structures for mm-wave traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). There is a need for a high-bandwidth, high output power TWT operating at relatively low electron-beam voltages (20 keV). The key advance needed for this technology is the development of a novel high-frequency TWT structure. We proposed to put together a TWT with a sheet electron beam in an elliptical wide-bandwidth dielectric RF structure. PBG structures can be designed to be mode-selective and enable the required wide bandwidth and output power for the TWT. We conducted a feasibility study on fabrication of dielectric PBG structures in a high-epsilon ceramic material, designed suitable RF structure, drilled holes in high-dielectric ceramic blanks, measured them and studied the effect of hole's size variations and misalignments on the RF mode.
Terahertz Metasurfaces for Antireflection and Polarization Manipulation

We show novel functionalities and improved device performance can be accomplished by stacking a few layers of metasurfaces. This was validated by the demonstrations of terahertz antireflection coatings and linear polarization conversion.
11 – Failure mechanisms in joint replacement*

: Total joint replacement (TJR) is one of the most successful, cost-effective interventions in all of surgery. TJR of the lower extremity has been shown to decrease pain, and improve ambulation, function, and psychosocial wellbeing. However, in some cases, the expected outcome is not realized because of complications including wear of the bearing surfaces and periprosthetic osteolysis, periprosthetic fracture, implant fracture, joint dislocation, adverse stress remodeling around the artificial joint, technical failures, and infection. These failure mechanisms limit the longevity of TJRs. Future basic research and clinical outcome studies will hopefully improve the durability of TJRs, so that they might function without failure for the lifetime of the patient.
Effectiveness of cattail ( Typha spp.) management techniques depends on exogenous nitrogen inputs

Wetlands occupy a position in the landscape that makes them vulnerable to the effects of current land use and the legacies of past land use. Many wetlands in agricultural regions like the North American Midwest are strongly affected by elevated nutrient inputs as well as high rates of invasion by the hybrid cattail Typha x glauca. These two stressors also exacerbate each other: increased nutrients increase invasion success, and invasions increase nutrient retention and nutrient loads in the wetland. This interaction could create a positive feedback that would inhibit efforts to manage and control invasions, but little is known about the effects of past or present nutrient inputs on wetland invasive plant management. We augmented a previously-published community-ecosystem model (MONDRIAN) to simulate the most common invasive plant management tools: burning, mowing, and herbicide application. We then simulated different management strategies and 3 different durations in low and high nutrient input conditions, and found that the most effective management strategy and duration depends strongly on the amount of nutrients entering the wetland. In high-nutrient wetlands where invasions were most successful, a combination of herbicide and fire was most effective at reducing invasion. However, in low-nutrient wetlands this approach did little to reduce invasion. A longer treatment duration (6 years) was generally better than a 1-year treatment in high-nutrient wetlands, but was generally worse than the 1-year treatment in low-nutrient wetlands. At the ecosystem level, we found that management effects were relatively modest: there was little effect of management on ecosystem C storage, and while some management strategies decreased wetland nitrogen retention, this effect was transient and disappeared shortly after management ceased. Our results suggest that considering nutrient inputs in invaded wetlands can inform and improve management, and reducing nutrient inputs is an important component of an effective management strategy.
Effect of Active Control on Closely Spaced Natural Frequencies

Current problems in structural control involve structures with closely spaced natural frequencies (M.J. Balas, 1983). The purpose of this paper is to show how control affects a structure with closely spaced natural frequencies. To develop clear and concrete results, the fundamental case of a structure with only two modes with a single, scalar control input is examined. This demonstrates the effectiveness and limitations of using a single control for two nodes. The following three control algorithms are used: velocity feedback, pole allocation, and optimal control.
Evaluating the effects of stress reduction techniques and Fitzmaurice Voicework® on physiologic markers and mental states related to performance anxiety in student actors

This preliminary study investigated the effects of training in Fitzmaurice Voicework® (FV) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Techniques on the physiological stress markers and mental st...
Reduced Intercarotid Artery Distance in Syndromic and Isolated Brachycephaly.

Abstract Introduction The morphology of the skull base can be altered in craniosynostoses. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reduced intercarotid artery distance in the lacerum segment in patients with syndromic and isolated brachycephaly. Materials and Methods The distances between the inner walls of the carotid canal at the lacerum segment were measured on high-resolution CT scans in children with Crouzon (25), Pfeiffer (21), Apert (26), Saethre-Chotzen (7) syndromes, isolated bicoronal synostosis (9), and compared to an age-matched control group (30). Results A significantly smaller mean distance between carotid canal walls was observed in Crouzon (11.1 ± 4.9 mm), Pfeiffer (9.6 ± 5.1 mm), Apert (12.3 ± 4.3 mm), Saethre-Chotzen (14.8 ± 3.0 mm) syndromes, and isolated bicoronal synostosis (14.9 ± 3.7 mm) as compared to the control group (19.7 ± 2.4 mm, P P P P = 0.005, and P = 0.002, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in intercarotid canal distance among the Apert, Saethre-Chotzen and isolated bicoronal synostosis groups. Overall, the brachycephalic group showed reduced intercarotid canal distance comparing to controls ( P Discussion and Conclusions There is significant reduction of the distance between carotid canals in brachycephalic patients. This distance is more significantly altered in FGFR -related brachycephaly syndromes (especially Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndromes), than Saethre-Chotzen syndrome ( TWIST1 mutation) and isolated non-syndromic bicoronal synostosis. This study highlights the importance of FGFR s in shaping the skull base. Altered vascular course of the internal carotid arteries can have important implications in planning skull base surgery in brachycephalic patients.
Evolution of 2016 drought in the Southeastern United States from a Land surface modeling perspective

Abstract The Southeastern United States (SEUS) climate region experienced a marked transition from excessively wet conditions early in 2016 to an exceptional drought during the Autumn. The unusually warm and dry conditions led to numerous wildfires, including the devastating Gatlinburg, Tennessee (TN) firestorm on 28–29 November. The evolution of soil wetness anomalies are highlighted through soil moisture percentiles derived from an instance of NASA’s Land Information System (LIS). A 33-year soil moisture climatology simulation combined with daily, real-time county-based distributions illustrate how soil moisture began above the 96th percentile early in 2016, and declined to below the 2nd percentile in many locales by late November.