cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Two new species of the genus Chlopsis (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Chlopsidae) from the Southwestern Pacific

Chlopsis slusserorum , from Fiji and the Solomon Islands, and Chlopsis bidentatus , from Fiji and New Caledonia, two new deepwater species of false moray eels belonging to the family Chlopsidae, are described and illustrated. Chlopsis slusserorum is distinguished from all other chlopsids by its combination of high vertebral count and distinctive pigmentation. Chlopsis bidentatus is distinguished by the combination of bicolored pigmentation, dorsal origin slightly behind gill opening and anteriorly biserial vomerine dentition.
Toxicity of Selected Insecticides Applied to Two Defoliators of Western Hemlock

Thirteen insecticides were tested in a laboratory spray chamber on 4th and 5th instar hemlock sawfly, Neodriprion tsugae Middleton. Twelve exceeded DDT in toxicity at both LD50 and LD90. At LD50 the descending order of toxicity to combined groups of 4th and 5th instars was tetrachlorvinphos, resmethrin, fenitrothion, naled, mexacarbate, malathion, pyrethrins, dimethoate, propoxur, carbaryl, methomyl, trichlorfon, and DDT. Of 6 insecticides applied topically to 4th- and 5th-instar western hemlock looper, Lambina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), 5 exceeded DDT in toxicity at both LD50 and LD90. At LD50 the descending order of toxicity was pyrethrins, phoxim, mexacarbate, Dowco 217 (dimethyl-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphate), fenitrothion, and DDT.
Absorptive Capacity: Exploring the Implications of Team and Organizational Context

In a multi-source, team-based field study of 71 in tact teams from an automobile parts manufacturer, we examine the relationship between team-level helping and team performance, in teams characterized by different levels of internal and external interdependence. Results reveal that in teams with complimentary levels of interdependence there is a positive relationship between team level helping and team performance. In contrast, in teams with congruent levels of interdependence there is a negative relationship between helping and team performance. Using social information processing theory as a conceptual framework, our results indicate that both internal and external factors may affect relations between helping and team performance. The implications for research for the management of teams are discussed.
On the Quantitative Potential of Viscoelastic Response (VisR) Ultrasound Using the One-Dimensional Mass-Spring-Damper Model

Viscoelastic response (VisR) ultrasound is an acoustic radiation force (ARF)-based imaging method that fits induced displacements to a one-dimensional (1-D) mass-spring-damper (MSD) model to estimate the ratio of viscous to elastic moduli, $\tau$ , in viscoelastic materials. Error in VisR $\tau$ estimation arises from inertia and acoustic displacement underestimation. These error sources are herein evaluated using finite-element method (FEM) simulations, error correction methods are developed, and corrected VisR $\tau$ estimates are compared with true simulated $\tau$ values to assess VisR’s relevance to quantifying viscoelasticity. With regard to inertia, adding a mass term in series with the Voigt model, to achieve the MSD model, accounts for inertia due to tissue mass when ideal point force excitations are used. However, when volumetric ARF excitations are applied, the induced complex system inertia is not described by the single-degree-of-freedom MSD model, causing VisR to overestimate $\tau$ . Regarding acoustic displacement underestimation, associated deformation of ARF-induced displacement profiles further distorts VisR $\tau$ estimates. However, median error in VisR $\tau$ is reduced to approximately $-10\%$ using empirically derived error correction functions applied to simulated viscoelastic materials with viscous and elastic properties representative of tissue. The feasibility of corrected VisR imaging is then demonstrated in vivo in the rectus femoris muscle of an adult with no known neuromuscular disorders. These results suggest VisR’s potential relevance to quantifying viscoelastic properties clinically.
An Interview with John Cage and Lejaren Hiller

Silence. John Cage died on Wednesday, 12 August 1992. Silence. For me, as for so many, John was a beloved friend, sponsor, and mentor. My personal and professional associations with John spanned three decades and two continents of not infrequent meetings, his affectionate greetings with hugs and kisses remembered so fondly by me, my wife Edna, and our five children, who grew up knowing John as "Dad's friend." Memories. Silence.
Can Intraoperative Sensors Determine the "Target" Ligament Balance? Early Outcomes in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Abstract Background The optimal "target" ligament balance for each patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains unknown. The study purpose was to determine if patient outcomes are affected by intraoperative ligament balance measured with force-sensing implant trials and if an optimal "target" balance exists. Methods A multicenter, retrospective study reviewed consecutive TKAs performed by 3 surgeons. TKA's were performed with standard surgical techniques and ligament releases. After final implants were made, sensor-embedded smart tibial trials were inserted, and compartment forces recorded throughout the range of motion. Clinical outcome measures were obtained preoperatively and at 4 months. Statistical analysis correlated ligament balance with clinical outcomes. Results One hundred eighty-nine consecutive TKAs were analyzed. Patients were grouped by average medial and lateral compartment force differences. Twenty-nine TKAs (15%) were balanced within 15 lbs and 53 (28%) were "balanced" greater than 75 lbs. Greater improvement in University of California Los Angeles activity level was associated with a mediolateral force difference P = .006). Knee Society objective, function, and satisfaction scores, and self-reported health state were unrelated to mediolateral balance in the knee. Conclusion Intraoperative force-sensing has potential in providing real-time objective data to optimize TKA outcomes. These data support some early outcomes may improve by balancing TKAs within 60 lbs difference. Close follow-up is warranted to determine if gait pattern adaptations affect longer term outcomes with greater or less ligament "imbalance."
Clinical applications of flow cytometry.

Objective: To describe the basics of three clinical applications of the flow cytometer. Data Sources: Recent articles and books on flow cytometry and laboratory diagnosis. Study Selection: Not applicable. Data Extraction: Performed by the author. Data Synthesis: Immunophenotyping is the classification of cells based on antigens present on their surfaces. These antigens can be detected and quantified by a flow cytometer using monoclonal antibodies conjugated to fluorescent dyes. Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells that contain varying amounts of RNA and DNA. They can be stained with a fluorescent dye and enumerated by a flow cytometer. DNA ploidy analysis of solid tumors involves staining the nuclei of cells with a fluorescent dye
Computational analysis of chemomechanical behaviors of composite electrodes in Li-ion batteries

Mechanical reliability is a critical issue in all forms of energy conversion, storage, and harvesting. In Li-ion batteries, mechanical degradation caused by the repetitive swelling and shrinking of electrodes upon lithiation cycles is now well recognized; however, the impact of mechanical stresses on Li transport and hence the capacity of batteries is less obvious and underestimated. In particular, the stress field within the heterogeneous electrodes is complex, making the characterization of the chemomechanical behaviors of electrodes a challenging task. We develop a finite element program that computes the coupled Li diffusion and stresses in three-dimensional composite electrodes. We employ the reconstructed models of both cathode and anode materials to investigate the mechanical interactions of the constituents and their influence on the accessible capacity. The state of charge in the percolated particles is highly inhomogeneous regulated by the stress field. An ample space of design is open for the optimization of the capacity and mechanical performance of electrodes by tuning the size, shape, and pattern of active particles, as well as the properties of the inactive matrix.
Laser Treatment for Vascular Malformations and Hemangiomas in the Head and Neck

Laser therapy for the treatment of head and neck vascular anomalies has constantly improved over the last several decades. Many superficial cutaneous and mucosal vascular anomalies, as well as some deep soft tissue vascular anomalies, may be good candidates in select cases for laser therapy. Such lesions that may be amenable to laser therapy include capillary malformations, venous malformations, lymphatic malformations, and infantile hemangiomas. Lasers used include the PDL, Nd:YAG, Alexandrite, and CO2 lasers. Significant complications are rare, and good patient outcomes/satisfaction support the continued use of laser therapy for these lesions. Further research in this area is imperative to continue progress and innovation in the field.
REMEMBERING FROM THE MARGINS: THE RHIZOME AND COLLECTIVE MEMORY IN EL CARRER DE LES CAMÈLIES

El carrer de les Camelies, which largely takes place in postwar Barcelona, is concerned with the relationship of memory to community. The postwar Catalan community needs to preserve its cultural memory in order to continue to survive, yet memory can make it impossible to live in the present. Rodoreda proposes a model of memory that does not gesture towards a paralyzing past, but rather towards a collective memory created in the present through the bonds between living members of the community. To show how Rodoreda’s hermetic symbolic language leads, perhaps counterintuitively, to a concern for the cohesion of the Catalan community, I employ the work of Maurice Halbwachs together with Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s concept of the “rhizome.” Rodoreda creates a rhizomatic symbolic language that establishes on the formal level her response to the difficulty of Catalan cultural cohesion in a time when official memory was dominated by Franco’s regime and many Catalans had fled to exile. Rodoreda’s model of...
Decision Support and Voting Systems Case Study

This chapter describes practical information relevant to simulation projects. In general, the inspiration for system changes can come from many sources including from competitors. Also, the creativity involved with identifying alternative systems is generally critical to project success. Simulation is usually only useful for evaluating hypothetical changes. Without inspired alternatives, the value is limited. Dogmas like theory of constraints (Sect. 7.1) and lean production (Sect. 7.2) can provide the needed inspiration.
Pedestrian Collision Responses Using Legform Impactor Subsystem and Full-Sized Pedestrian Model on Different Workbenches

Car-pedestrian collision fatalities have been reported for a significant number of roadside accidents around the world. Protection of pedestrians is taking on an increasingly significant role to car manufactures in developing new designs. The dynamic responses of the pedestrians in vehicle crashes can better be evaluated by examining the biomechanical responses. In order to reduce the lower extremity injuries in car-pedestrian collisions, it is important to determine the impact forces on the pedestrian and conditions that the car frontal side impacts on the lower extremities of the pedestrian. The Working Group 17 (WG17) of the European Enhanced Vehiclesafety Committee (EEVC) has developed a legform subsystem impactor and procedure for assessing pedestrian collisions and potential injuries. This study describes a methodology for the evaluation of the legform impactor kinematics after a collision utilizing finite element (FE) models of the legform and cars, and comparing the simulation results with the ones from a multi-body legform model as well as a 50th percentile male human pedestrian model responses. Two approaches are carried out in the process. First, the collision strike simulations with the FE model using an FE lower legform is considered and validated against the EVVC/WG17 regulation criteria. Secondly, the collision strike simulations with a multi-body legform and an ellipsoidal multi-body car model are conducted to compare the responses from the FE model and the multibody model. The results from the impact simulations of FE legform and the multi-body legform are also compared with the ones from a full-size pedestrian model at different speeds. All the FE models of the legform impactor and the car model are developed and evaluated using the LSDYNA nonlinear FE code, while the multibody legform, car, and full-sized pedestrian models are developed and evaluated in MADYMO. The results from this study demonstrate the differences between the subsystem legform and the full-size pedestrian responses as well as suitability of various FE and multibody models related to pedestrian impact responses.
Behavioral Health and Risk Perception: Factors in Strengthening Community Resiliency and Emergency Preparedness

This chapter examines the relationship between people’s general sense of psychosocial well-being and their capacity to respond to climate change and extreme weather events. Many people, while aware and concerned about climate change, are preoccupied with more immediate worries such as financial and health concerns as well as crime and other neighborhood conditions. Should environmental and emergency preparedness programming be effective in promoting adaptive behavior, it is important that these programs take into account how people’s daily needs, priorities, attitudes, and values influence their motivation to prepare for climate change impacts. As such, there must be flexibility in the delivery of information and programming. This cannot be effectively achieved without greater emphasis on a participatory and consultative approach aimed at identifying those individual and community needs and priorities that shape people’s responsiveness to public messaging and programs. This in turn increases the likelihood that people will not only perceive greater relevance in community activities aimed at enhancing climate change awareness and personal emergency preparedness, but will allow people to see themselves as part of the solution to climate change and other risks.
Assessing Patient Preferences for Delivery of Reminders on Scheduled Visits in a Psychiatry Ambulatory Service

Reminder systems can improve compliance with care standards, yet the reminder delivery parameters and associations with other success factors have not been fully understood. In this study, we assessed patient preferences for reminder delivery in a psychiatry ambulatory service, using both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Results from a survey showed that most patients had a positive attitude to reminders for both scheduled (76%) and missed (89%) visits. Phone call (61%) delivered two days before an appointment (47%) was the most preferred type and time of reminder delivery. Logistic regressions on survey data showed that preferences of reminder delivery parameters were associated with service types and patient populations, which was cross-validated by the follow-up interviews with the staff at two ambulatory sites. A single-mode reminder delivering method cannot satisfy different types of patients. Intervention designs that involve building a system with a variety of methods customized to patient needs and balanced with administrative simplicity need to be further studied.
Linear Distributed Algorithms For Localization In Mobile Networks

This paper studies the problem of distributed self-localization in noisy networks of mobile agents. Agent mobility is captured by means of a stochastic motion model and the goal of each agent is to dynamically track its (location) state using noisy inter-agent relative distance measurements and communication with a subset of neighboring agents. The Bayesian tracking formulation thus obtained is highly non-standard, in that the distance measurements relate to the location in a non-linear way; and in a mobile setting, it is not clear how connectivity can be maintained for the localization process to provide unambiguous location results. To make the collaborative filtering problem tractable, the paper first presents a barycentric-coordinate based reparametrization of the state-space model; the transformed formulation leads to a bilinear state-space. Under mild network connectivity assumptions, specifically, the inter-agent communication network stays connected on an average, and a structural convexity condition, specifically, infinitely often the agents lie in the convex hull of a set of $m+1$ neighboring agents, where m denotes the dimension of the space, a distributed filtering scheme is proposed that enables each agent to track its location with bounded mean-squared error as long as there is at least one anchor in the network (agent with known location). Simulations are presented to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed distributed filtering procedure and the theoretical results.
Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy versus conventionally fractionated radiation therapy for stage I small cell lung cancer.

Abstract Background The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recently revised recommendations for inoperable stage I small cell lung cancer (SCLC), having added stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR)/chemotherapy to the historical paradigm of concurrent conventionally-fractionated radiation therapy (CFRT)/chemotherapy. Despite the conformality, convenience, and cost-effectiveness of SABR, the NCCN continues to recommend both CFRT/chemotherapy and SABR/chemotherapy primarily because these approaches have not been comparatively analyzed to date. Methods The National Cancer Database was queried for histologically-confirmed T1-2N0M0 SCLC; all patients received chemotherapy. Multivariable logistic regression ascertained factors associated with SABR/chemotherapy. Kaplan–Meier analysis assessed overall survival (OS); multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling examined factors associated with OS. Survival was also calculated following propensity matching. Results Of 2,107 patients, 7.1% underwent SABR/chemotherapy, and 92.9% received CFRT/chemotherapy. The median (interquartile range) dose of SABR was 50 (48–54) Gy in 4 (3–5) fractions, and 55.8 (45–60) Gy in 30 (30–33) fractions for CFRT. Patients receiving SABR/chemotherapy were more often older, had T1 disease, treated at academic/integrated network facilities, and managed in more recent years (p Conclusions For stage I SCLC, SABR/chemotherapy affords statistically equivalent outcomes to CFRT/chemotherapy. Because randomized studies addressing this uncommon scenario would almost certainly suffer from inadequate accrual, these retrospective data should be strongly considered in efforts to institute SABR/chemotherapy as the preferred option for this population.
Iterating Transducers

We discuss simple functional transductions defined by invertible Mealy automata under iteration and in particular the question when the orbit relation defined by iteration is rational. We identify a class of these automata that has relatively complicated orbits, yet some of them are still orbit rational and discuss a number of decision problems associated with these devices.
Dealing with complexity and comorbidity: Opportunity for transdiagnostic treatment for PTSD.

This review synthesizes literature on transdiagnostic treatments for PTSD and trauma-related psychopathology over the last 3 years and discusses their application across diverse contexts. Global and domestic studies suggest that a transdiagnostic approach has the potential to address many challenges providers encounter when treating traumatized populations. Existing research shows that transdiagnostic approaches (including the Unified Protocol, Common Elements Treatment Approach, and Modular Approach to Therapy for Children) are effective across low- and high-resourced settings, populations, and with comorbid mental health symptoms. Moreover, transdiagnostic approaches offer flexibility in treatment delivery, adaptability across contexts, and parsimonious training to treatment providers. They also provide a standalone alternative for unable or unwilling individuals to engage in traditional single diagnosis trauma-focused treatment, or those presenting with complex presentations that might otherwise require sequential courses of targeted interventions. The promise of transdiagnostic treatment for trauma populations is strong. Research is needed to examine patient and therapist perceptions of these approaches for optimally addressing PTSD and related symptoms, the extent to which they offer comparable, or perhaps better, outcomes than existing single diagnosis PTSD treatments, and their sustainability over time. Considerations of adaptations to transdiagnostic treatment manuals across settings are also needed.
The Opioid Epidemic

The opioid epidemic in the United States has been declared a public health emergency, with opioid overdose deaths tragically claiming hundreds of lives daily. While this issue is faced across the globe, the United States has the highest rates of opioid use and associated overdose deaths in the world. There are several interrelated explanations for the present-day opioid epidemic. Initiatives to aggressively treat pain, in tandem with persuasive marketing of highly effective analgesic pharmaceuticals, have led to a unimodel approach for managing pain centered solely around prescription opioid analgesics. In the last two decades, unprecedented access to prescription opioids has contributed to a nationwide epidemic of drug-related mortality. Interventions to mitigate this problem coming from the government, pharmaceutical companies, and physicians have caused reflexive surges in overdose deaths related to heroin and illicit synthetic opioids, which are now cheaper and more readily available. Overdose deaths continue to spread at unprecedented rates across the country. The severity of this problem is enormous and has proven difficult to resolve. Without an answer, the crisis is predicted to accelerate. A better understanding of how this problem evolved is imperative to identifying a viable solution.
Motivation for Formal Learning of Multiple Languages

This chapter is an overview of motivation and multilingualism, as it pertains to the field of Applied Linguistics. Using the L2 motivational self system (L2MSS) as the motivational framework, several key issues related to the intersection of multilingualism and motivation are discussed. For example, dynamicity, cultural interest, order of acquisition, English versus languages other than English, number of selves, the importance of context, and pedagogical implications are all themes covered in this chapter. Additionally, new directions for research in this area, such as the anti-ought-to self, Perceived Positive Language Interaction, and the multilingual self, are also introduced. The chapter concludes with a call for further research in the area of motivation and multilingualism in order to more fully understand the language acquisition process.
The Association of Osteoarthritis and Related Pain Burden to Incident Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: A Retrospective Cohort Study of U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries.

Background Emerging evidence suggests osteoarthritis (OA) and related symptom burden may increase risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, longitudinal studies are sparse, and none have examined the potential mediating effects of mood or sleep disorders. Objective To determine the association of OA and related pain to incident ADRD in U.S. elders. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we used baseline and two-year follow-up data from linked Medicare claims and Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey files (11 pooled cohorts, 2001-2013). The study sample comprised 16,934 community-dwelling adults≥65 years, ADRD-free at baseline and enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of OA and related pain (back, neck, joint, neuropathic) to incident ADRD, explore the mediating inlfuence of mood and insomnia-related sleep disorders, and (sensitivity analyses) account for potential survival bias. Results Overall, 25.5% of beneficiaries had OA at baseline (21.0% with OA and pain); 1149 elders (5.7%) were subsequently diagnosed with ADRD. Compared to beneficiaries without OA, those with OA were significantly more likely to receive a diagnosis of incident ADRD after adjustment for sociodemographics, lifestyle characteristics, comorbidities, and medications (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.23 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06, 1.42). Elders with OA and pain at baseline were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with incident ADRD than were those without OA or pain (AOR = 1.31, CI 1.08, 1.58). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar findings. Inclusion of depression/anxiety, but not sleep disorders, substantially attenuated these associations. Conclusion Findings of this study suggest that: OA is associated with elevated ADRD risk, this association is particularly pronounced in those with OA and pain, and mood disorders may partially mediate this relationship.
QTL mapping of post-processing color retention in two black bean populations.

Several QTL governing color retention in processed black beans were identified by traditional and novel phenotyping methods applied to two black bean mapping populations. When black beans are hydrothermally processed prior to consumption, water-soluble anthocyanins are released from the seed coat, resulting in an undesirable faded brown color in the cooked product. The aim of this research was to develop mapping populations with different genetic sources of color retention in order to identify regions of the bean genome associated with canning quality traits. Two half-sibling black bean recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations segregating for post-processing color retention were developed. These RIL populations were phenotyped for canning quality traits over two years and genotyped using the BARCBean6k_3 BeadChip. In addition to traditional phenotyping by trained panelists, cooked beans were also phenotyped using a novel digital image analysis pipeline. Measurements of post-processing seed coat color from both phenotyping methods were compared, and the digital image analysis was shown to outperform the trained panelists. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for post-processing color retention were detected on six chromosomes, with QTL on Pv08 and Pv11 consistently detected across phenotyping methods, populations, and years. Color retention QTL on Pv08 explained up to 32% of phenotypic variation but were significant over a large physical interval due to low SNP marker coverage. However, color retention QTL on Pv11 also explained a substantial amount of phenotypic variation (r2 ≈ 25%) and mapped to a small genomic region near 52.5 Mbp. The QTL and methods described in this study will be useful for dry bean breeders and food scientists to produce high quality black beans that meet consumer needs.
A physically meaningful relationship between R50% and PTV surface area in lung SBRT.

Purpose We propose a novel understanding of two characteristics of the planning target volume (PTV) that affect the intermediate-dose spill in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as measured by R50%. This phantom model research investigates two characteristics of the PTV that have a marked effect on the value of R50%: the mean dose deposited within the PTV (Dav ) and the surface area of the PTV (SAPTV ). Methods Using a phantom model provided by a CT of the IROC Thorax-Lung Phantom® (IROC Houston QA Center, Houston, TX) and Eclipse® Treatment Planning System (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA), we investigate the two characteristics for spherical and cylindrical PTVs. A total of 135 plans with tightly controlled PTV characteristics are employed. A lower bound for R50% (R50%min∆r ) is derived and clearly establishes a relationship between R50% and SAPTV that has not been fully appreciated previously. Results The study of PTV Dav revealed a local minimum for R50% as a function of the PTV Dav at Dav ≈ 110% of Rx dose. As PTV Dav increases above this local minimum, R50% increases; while for PTV Dav less than this local minimum, the R50% value also increases. The study of PTV surface area (SAPTV ) demonstrated that as the SAPTV increases, the R50% increases if the PTV volume stays the same. The SAPTV result is predicted by the theoretical investigation that yields the R50% lower bound, R50%min∆r . Conclusions This research has identified two characteristics of the PTV that have a marked influence on R50%: PTV Dav and SAPTV . These characteristics have not been clearly articulated in the vast body of previous research in SBRT. These results could help explain plans that cannot meet the RTOG criteria for R50%. With further development, these concepts could be extended to provide additional guidance for creating acceptable SBRT plans.
Simplified two-step, cross-sectional approach for coupled heat and moisture transfer modeling of shallow, horizontal, ground-based heat Exchangers

This study evaluates a two-step, cross-sectional approach for designing shallow, unsaturated, horizontal, ground-based heat exchangers (GHXs). Numerical modeling was conducted for coupled heat and moisture transfer around GHXs under transient climatological conditions through a cooling season. Soil samples were collected in Texas and Wisconsin to measure thermal conductivity dry-out curves and soil-water characteristic curves for use in the modeling. Average daily meteorological data from central Texas was applied for the top boundary condition. Heat generation from the GHX was calculated by total condenser heat rejection from an environmental control unit based on ambient temperatures and unit specifications. In the first step of the modeling, results showed that the fluid temperature through the GHX loop was approximately 43 oC, and rapid heat and moisture fluxes were observed around the GHX loops. High moisture flux along the upper surface was also observed due to high ambient temperatures that occur during the summer season. Using these results, exiting temperature of the GHX was estimated for the second cross-sectional modeling step. This two-step, cross-sectional modeling approach provides a systematic analysis of coupled heat and moisture transfer around shallow, horizontal, unsaturated GHX loops, thus simplifying high computational effort needed for full three-dimensional modeling of shallow GHX systems.
Comparing multidimensional facets of stress with social, emotional, and physical well-being using ecological momentary assessment among a Hispanic sample.

Stress is multidimensional, including exposure, subjective appraisals, perceived coping, rumination, and worry. Although research has shown each dimension can predict poor social, emotional, and subjective well-being, rarely have these dimensions of stress been compared as one is experiencing stress. This paper used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to repeatedly measure stress dimensions and self-reported health to test whether each stress dimension has a unique relationship with well-being over time at the between-person and within-person levels. Participants (n = 165, 79.6% female) were Hispanic undergraduates, who completed EMAs twice a day for 14 consecutive days, resulting in 3,436 EMAs and 1,987 morning sleep observations. At each EMA, participants reported on the dimensions of stress, feelings of loneliness and belongingness (social well-being), levels of sadness, happiness, and anxiety (emotional well-being), and how healthy they felt (subjective well-being). Sleep quality and duration (subjective well-being) were assessed each morning. Multilevel models revealed few relationships at the between-person level. At the within-person level, appraisals, coping, rumination, and worry consistently predicted social, emotional, and subjective well-being. Lagged analyses suggested some relationships for appraisal, coping, and worry. Results suggest the importance of measuring stress in a multidimensional capacity and examining associations with well-being across multiple health facets.
Sustainable Compassionate Education Leadership in a Global Society

Transformative leadership as practice, is exemplified in teachers/leaders that not only know how to navigate dissonant and adverse waters, but can connect navigation for their students/peoples with arriving at a safe destination. The safe destination is here described as a life lived in compassionate action with a sustainability mindset. Life, compassion, and an authentic sustainability mindset are how one grows, learn, and continue to tell one’s tale in a world full of mystery, hardship, sorrow, and joy. This chapter will look at Mezirow’s transformative learning, a sustainability mindset, and compassion as a means for teachers/leaders to develop a compassionate pedagogy that is beneficial for students/peoples outcomes in alignment with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The life examples of the Dalai Lama and Thich Nhat Hahn will illustrate compassionate pedagogy in action and how they influenced my life as a college educator.
Experimental Studies of Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa: Apidae) Thorax Mechanics During Defensive Buzzing

Bees and other Hymenoptera utilize thorax vibration to realize an extensive range of behaviors ranging from flight to pollination. Strong indirect flight muscles contract to deform the thoracic walls and the resulting oscillation is sustained through a mechanism called stretch activation. While the mechanics of the insect thorax and muscles have been studied extensively during flight, relatively little is known about the thorax mechanics during non-flight behaviors. In this work, we investigate the thorax mechanics of the carpenter bee Xylocopa californica during defensive buzzing. During defensive buzzing, the insect folds its wings over its abdomen and rapidly fires it flight muscles, resulting in a loud audible buzz and large forces intended to deter predators. We devised a novel experiment to measure thorax oscillation and directional force production from a defensively buzzing carpenter bee. The largest peak forces were on average 175 mN and were oriented with the insect9s dorsal-ventral muscle group. Peak forces oriented with the insect9s dorsal-longitudinal muscle group averaged 117 mN. Thorax velocities were about 90 mm s^-1 p-p and velocity amplitude was positively correlated to peak force. Thorax oscillation frequency averaged 132 Hz but was highly variable both within individuals and across the tested population. From our measurements, we estimated the peak mechanical power required by defensive buzzing at 8.7 mW, which we hypothesize is greater than the power required during flight. Overall, this study provides insight into the function and capabilities of the Hymenopteran indirect flight muscle during non-flight behaviors.
Atlantic Creoles in the Age of Revolutions

* Introduction *1. African Choices in the Revolutionary South: Becoming Atlantic Creoles *2. Slave Rebels and Defenders of Kings: The Counter-Revolution in Saint Domingue *3. Maroons, Loyalist Intrigues, and Ephemeral States in the Contested Lower South *4. Atlantic Creoles, African Rebels, and Spain's Liberal Constitution of 1812 in Havana *5. Atlantic Creoles among the Seminoles: A Nation Besieged *6. Atlantic Creoles in Matanzas: Becoming Black * Epilogue: Failed Promises of the Atlantic Revolutions * Appendix 1: Chronology * Appendix 2: Prince's Black Company * Notes * Index
Hypercytokinemia Induced Encephalopathy Following Melphalan Administration (P5.102)

BACKGROUND: Melphalan toxicity has been reported but its mechanism and management remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of encephalopathy following melphalan administration. PRESENTATION: 59 year-old woman with history of multiple myeloma (stage III) was admitted due to worsening renal function, attributed primarily to progression of her multiple myeloma. Oncology team recommended autologous bone marrow transplantation. As part of her conditioning regimen she received Melphalan (200 mg/m2, CrCl = 25.0 ml/min). She began experiencing symptoms of severe nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping and diarrhea within 24 hours. She was found to have melphalan-induced mucositis and gastrointestinal toxicity. Over the next 2 weeks she was noted to be more lethargic and somnolent. She was also started on hemodialysis to manage renal failure. She continued to clinically deteriorate and became comatose and had to be intubated. Extended electroencephalography showed non-localizing encephalopathy. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) studies including extensive infectious work up, paraneoplastic antibodies, cytology, and flowcytometry were unremarkable. MRI Brain with contrast was also normal. Hypercytokinemia induced metabolic encephalopathy was proposed as a possible etiology. Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) level was found to be significantly elevated (28.4 pg /ml, normal level 1.2-15.3 pg/ml). She was initiated on plasmapheresis with serial TNF-α level after each cycle. Following the first plasmapheresis session, the patient was noted to exhibit an increased level of arousal and she was extubated. TNF-α levels reduced with each cycles and she continued to show clinical improvement. After sixth session her GCS score improved to 15, and TNF-α level was found to be 4.4 pg/ml. Her neurological improvement continued and she was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation facility. CONCLUSIONS: Melphalan administration, especially in renally impaired patients, may lead to development of encephalopathy. We suggest that elevated levels of cytokines could be the underlying mechanism of worsening mental status. Disclosure: Dr. Freeman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dubey has nothing to disclose. Dr. Neeley has nothing to disclose. Dr. Carter has nothing to disclose.
A low frequency stable surface integral equation solver for dielectrics and conductors

A low frequency stable, surface integral equation method is proposed to solve dielectric and conductor problems. To alleviate the low frequency breakdown, the augmented electric field integral equation (A-EFIE) technique is adopted. We propose the use of Buffa-Christiansen (BC) basis function to represent the magnetic current to eliminate the testing problem. For good conductors, a novel integration scheme is used to accurately capture the coupling of sources and fields for the internal part.
Toward authentic audiences : blogging in a high school English classroom

Though researchers have discussed adolescents' uses of social media and Web 2.0 texts outside school, little research has analyzed how such texts are used in classrooms. This study examines various perspectives on a group of high school students engaged in blogging as part of two language arts courses over an eight-month period. Research questions focused on how students conceived of and interacted with their readers, how they used structural features of the blogging platform to connect their blogs to one another, and how discourses of freedom of speech online led a few students to transgress school norms. To answer these questions, I studied examples of eighty classroom blogs from my own high school students, conducted interviews with eight students, and maintained researcher field notes. I analyzed this data using a combination of discourse analysis, multimodal analysis, while applying social network analysis to understand how the blogs were connected through the key feature known as Following. My findings suggest that the connectivity offered by Web 2.0 enabled students to reach and communicate with authentic audiences who could recognize and validate their identity performances. Further, I argue that though certain features of Web 2.0 media are incongruous with many conventional classroom norms, teachers should work to bridge those gaps. Abstract Approved: Thesis Supervisor Title and Department
Zusammenfassung der sechs Vorträge in sechzehn Leitsätzen

Die Aussagen der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung lassen sich nicht richtig erfassen, wenn man die Bedeutung des Wortes „Wahrscheinlichkeit“ dem allgemeinen Sprachgebrauch entnimmt; sie gelten vielmehr nur fur einen bestimmten, kunstlich abgegrenzten, rationellen Wahrscheinlichkeitsbegriff.
The Synthesis and Photoluminescence of M II M 2 III ( S , Se ) 4

The compositions , In were prepared by reaction of the elements in evacuated silica tubes with iodine as a mineralizer. All members except , which is cubic, exhibit the pseudo‐orthorhombic type structure. They are high resistivity p‐type semiconductors; they exhibit Eu+2‐activated fluorescence which varies from red to blue as the electropositive character of the cations increase. Fluorescence activated by Yb+2 is seen at low temperature. Studies were made of the fluorescence decay lifetimes, temperature dependence, excitation spectra, and optical adsorption of : Eu in order to relate the Eu+2‐activated fluorescence to the host bandgap. It is concluded that the most efficient phosphors are those in which the Eu+2 excited states lie farthest from the fundamental edge.
Negative Binomial Distribution

The negative binomial distribution is widely used to analyze count data. In environmentrics, one is frequently interested in summarizing the changes in the abundance of particular organisms in the environment either for protection or impact assessment. For example, monitoring the safety of a drinking water source is based on the estimation of the density of an indicator bacteria from the number of organisms found in several water samples. Another example is the estimation of the abundance of threatened species and the impact of habitat changes on their numbers in ecological conservation.
Multi‐hop localization system for environmental monitoring in wireless sensor and actor networks

SUMMARY Location estimation of sensor nodes is an essential part of most applications for wireless sensor and actor networks. The ambiguous location information often makes the collected data useless in these applications. Environmental monitoring relies on an accurate position estimation to process or evaluate the collected data. In this paper, we present a novel and scalable approach for positioning of mobile sensor nodes with the goal of monitoring the Amazon river. The actors in the scenario are stationary and positioned at reachable spots on the land alongside the river whereas sensor nodes are thrown into the river to collect data such as water temperature, depth, and geographical features. The actors are not equipped with positioning adaptors, and they are only aware of their distances from the other actors. The sensor nodes collect data and forward it to the actors. While floating in the river, sensor nodes are often multiple hops away from the actors, which makes it challenging to apply traditional positioning techniques. Through extensive simulations, we show that the nodes can be efficiently positioned using a multi-hop approach with local information exchange only. The introduced approach is also applied to a scenario, where monkey swarm monitoring is simulated, to test the generalizability of the algorithm. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integration of the product realization process into engineering curricula

Summary form only given. One of the major reasons which has been given for the U.S. loss of global economic competitiveness is a perceived weakness in the design and manufacturing of competitive products. One significant step to rectify this problem is to effectively educate engineering graduates in the product realization process (PRP). For the purpose of this paper, PRP encompasses the full product life cycle, from customer needs, design and manufacturing, to eventual disposal or recycling of the product. The specific objective of this NSF project is to develop resource materials for engineering educators which will assist them to effectively integrate all aspects of PRP into appropriate engineering curricula. The project team consists of nationally recognized industry and university leaders in design education and practice.
Investigation of the beam impedance of a slowly varying waveguide

A perturbation method is used to obtain analytic expressions for the multipole longitudinal and transverse beam impedance for an arbitrary waveguide whose radius is slowly varying and for the specific case of a symmetric small-angle taper. This method is also applicable for a particle in a wiggler undergoing periodic motion.
Multisensor fusion and unknown statistics

Traditional data interpretation methods do not prescribe a well-defined methodology for sensors which are difficult to characterize by well-defined statistical uncertainty models. We describe a minimal representation approach that characterizes the "information" in observed data by its coding complexity; this "information" is well-defined for sensors with known and unknown statistics. For statistical data, this information-based approach subsumes classical approaches, while for sensors with unknown statistics it provides a new paradigm for uncertainty modeling based on accuracy and precision (AP), and allows fusion with statistical data. An abstract multisensor data interpretation problem is described and formulated using the minimal representation approach. Monte-Carlo simulations comparing the use of an AP-coding uncertainty model with a Gaussian uncertainty model for a two-dimensional pose estimation problem are presented.
Study on Combustion Characteristics of Lignite in a CFB Boiler

The shortage of coal promotes the lignite utility in power plant because of the rapid economy development recently. However, lignite is high in moisture content as well as volatile content and low in calorific value. It is very difficult to burn in traditional pulverized coal fired boiler. Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler is an alternative with low pollutant emission. Some CFB boilers are built and put into commercial operation in Northeast China and East Inner Mongolia where lignite is abundant. The operation experiences of these boilers are introduced in this paper. The effect of coal particle size on bottom ash ratio, combustion efficiency, thermal efficiency, pollution emission, and ash deposits in convective heating surface were investigated. It was found that for the lignite fired CFB boiler, the largest coal particle size should be 20 to 40mm to maintain bed material balance. But the bottom ash only shares less than 10% of the total ash. Due to high volatile content in the lignite, the combustion efficiency could achieve more than 99%. Meanwhile, NOx emission was relative low and satisfied national environment protection requirement. It is suggested that flue gas velocity in convective heating surface should be ranged in a certain scope to prevent ash deposit and erosion.
Predator‐Prey Interaction in a Tropical Lacustrine Ecosystem

Two distinct morphs of the freshwater zooplankter Ceriodaphnia cornuta are distributed heterogeneously within the same tropical lake. One form, having a relative superior reproductive potential, is the numerically dominant morph in the open—water areas of the lake. The second form is found commonly only in the near—shore areas along with a nearly equal percentage of the first form. The second morph has a large advantage in terms of avoiding predation and its distribution coincides with that of the important lake predator, the planktivorous fish Melaniris chagresi. Complementary field and laboratory studies support the conclusion that the stable polymorphism of Ceriodaphnia cornuta, found only in the near—shore waters is maintained by predation pressure from melaniris chagresi. The relationship found in the study among predation, competition, and the primary productivity of the ecosystem is discussed in terms of how these factors interact to determine the final species diversity. See full-text article at JSTOR