cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structure of ATP-Bound Human ATP:Cobalamin Adenosyltransferase†

Mutations in the gene encoding human ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase (hATR) can result in the metabolic disorder known as methylmalonic aciduria (MMA). This enzyme catalyzes the final step in the conversion of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) to the essential human cofactor adenosylcobalamin. Here we present the 2.5 A crystal structure of ATP bound to hATR refined to an Rfree value of 25.2%. The enzyme forms a tightly associated trimer, where the monomer comprises a five-helix bundle and the active sites lie on the subunit interfaces. Only two of the three active sites within the trimer contain the bound ATP substrate, thereby providing examples of apo- and substrate-bound-active sites within the same crystal structure. Comparison of the empty and occupied sites indicates that twenty residues at the enzyme's N-terminus become ordered upon binding of ATP to form a novel ATP-binding site and an extended cleft that likely binds cobalamin. The structure explains the role of 20 invariant residues; six are involved in ATP binding, including Arg190, which hydrogen bonds to ATP atoms on both sides of the scissile bond. Ten of the hydrogen bonds are required for structural stability, and four are in positions to interact with cobalamin. The structure also reveals how the point mutations that cause MMA are deficient in these functions.
Mathematical modeling of nucleation and growth of particles formed by the rapid expansion of a supercritical solution under subsonic conditions

Abstract The size distribution of fine powders formed during the rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) depends on the operating conditions, as well as on the geometry of the expansion device. In order to meet product specifications and improve process control, a fundamental understanding of the interplay between nucleation, condensation, and coagulation during this type of expansion is needed. In this work, we model the particle dynamics resulting from homogeneous nucleation, condensation and coagulation during the subsonic expansion of a non-volatile solute in a supercritical fluid inside a cylindrical capillary. The calculations show that subsonic RESS is a very effective technique for producing particles in the 10–50 nm diameter range. The particle formation process is characterized by delayed nucleation, low particle number concentrations, precipitation of a comparatively small fraction of the total solute mass, and by a narrow size distribution. In a few cases where the expansion trajectory enters the fluid's vapor–liquid coexistence region, the particle formation exhibits early nucleation, strong coagulation, and higher particle number concentrations. In order to explain and describe quantitatively the much larger particle diameters found in actual RESS experiments, additional condensation and coagulation processes that occur in the transonic flow field outside the expansion device, and their interaction with this complex flow field, would also need to be incorporated.
Antarctic observations of stratospheric aerosol and high altitude condensation nuclei following the El Chichon eruption

A balloon sounding to 32 km altitude was conducted at the U. S. station on McMurdo Sound in Antarctica in October 1983. The purpose of the sounding was twofold. First, to determine the extent to which sulfuric acid aerosol from the April 1982 eruption of the Mexican volcano El Chichon had affected the Antarctic stratospheric aerosol layer and, second, to determine if sulfuric acid condensation nuclei are produced at high altitude in the Antarctic stratosphere as had been observed in the northern hemisphere during the late winter - early spring period. The results indicate that stratospheric transport to the south polar region was very effective with aerosol mixing ratios observed to be similar to those in the northern hemisphere for the same time period. Observation of relatively high concentrations of condensation nuclei at high altitude and associated temperature variations tend to support the validity of an aerosol production process proposed to explain earlier northern hemisphere results.
Effects of hemodialysis and dimercaprol in acute dichromate poisoning.

AbstractA 22-month-old infant died after ingesting sodium dichromate his father had brought from work. Treatment included folic acid and dimercaprol administration, hemodialysis, and exchange transfusion. To evaluate this treatment, four dogs were hemodialyzed after receiving intravenous sodium dichromate: their dialyzer chromate clearance was similar to their renal chromate clearance and their dialyzer chromate clearance was not sibmificantly different before or after dimercaprol administration. This and other cases in the literature indicate that although chromate poisoning is often fatal, supportive care, forced diuresis, and chelating agents may be helpful. Hernodialysis may be required if renal failure occurs. Awareness of toxicity and prevention remain the most important approaches.
Adenophostin A and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate differentially activate Cl- currents in Xenopus oocytes because of disparate Ca2+ release kinetics.

Abstract Depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores induces Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space by a process termed “store-operated Ca2+ entry” (SOCE). It has been suggested that the novel fungal metabolite adenophostin-A may be able to stimulate Ca2+ entry without stimulating Ca2+ release from stores. To test this idea further, we compared Ca2+release, SOCE, and the stimulation of Ca2+-activated Cl− currents in Xenopus oocytes in response to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and adenophostin-A injection. IP3 stimulated an outward Cl−current, I Cl1-S, in response to Ca2+ release from stores followed by an inward current,I Cl2, in response to SOCE. In contrast, low concentrations of adenophostins (AdAs) activatedI Cl2 without activatingI Cl1-S, consistent with the suggestion that AdA can activate Ca2+ entry without stimulating Ca2+ release. However, when Ca2+ entry has been stimulated by AdA, Ca2+ stores are largely depleted of Ca2+, as assessed by the inability of ionomycin to release additional Ca2+. The Ca2+ release stimulated by AdA, however, was 7 times slower than the release stimulated by IP3, which could explain the minimal activation ofI Cl1-S; when Ca2+ is released slowly, the threshold level required for I Cl1-Sactivation is not attained.
Monitoring viscosity changes from time‐lapse seismic attenuation: case study from a heavy oil reservoir

Heating heavy oil reservoirs is a common method for reducing the high viscosity of heavy oil and thus increasing the recovery factor. Monitoring of these viscosity changes in the reservoir is essential for delineating the heated region and controlling production. In this study, we present an approach for estimating viscosity changes in a heavy oil reservoir. The approach consists of three steps: measuring seismic wave attenuation between reflections from above and below the reservoir, constructing time-lapse Q and Q−1 factor maps, and interpreting these maps using Kelvin–Voigt and Maxwell viscoelastic models. We use a 4D relative spectrum method to measure changes in attenuation. The method is tested with synthetic seismic data that are noise free and data with additive Gaussian noise to show the robustness and the accuracy of the estimates of the Q-factor. The results of the application of the method to a field data set exhibit alignment of high attenuation zones along the steam-injection wells, and indicate that temperature dependent viscosity changes in the heavy oil reservoir can be explained by the Kelvin–Voigt model.
Change detection in the flicker paradigm: the role of fixation position within the scene.

Eye movements were monitored while participants performed a change detection task with images of natural scenes. An initial and a modified scene image were displayed in alternation, separated by a blank interval (flicker paradigm). In the modified image, a single target object was changed either by deleting that object from the scene or by rotating that object 90° in depth. In Experiment 1, fixation position at detection was more likely to be in the target object region than in any other region of the scene. In Experiment 2, participants detected scene changes more accurately, with fewer false alarms, and more quickly when allowed to move their eyes in the scene than when required to maintain central fixation. These data suggest a major role for fixation position in the detection of changes to natural scenes across discrete views.
Advanced generation adenoviral virotherapy agents embody enhanced potency based upon CAR-independent tropism.

In this current issue of Clinical Cancer Research , Reddy et al. ([1][1]) constructed an adenoviral virotherapy agent that uses the human E2F-1 gene promoter to regulate the adenoviral E1A gene. The E2F transcription factor plays an important role in cell proliferation and is repressed by the
Practice with Mentally Retarded Adults as an Adjunct to Vocational Training

Mentally retarded individuals, as well as most developmentally disabled persons, have been an unattractive population to most social workers. Where as the desired client is young, attractive, verbal, intelligent, and success oriented, the mentally retarded person may lack several of these qualities. Thus, if a men tally retarded person is assigned to a social worker's caseload, the worker's response is likely to be negative. In all fairness, however, social work edu cators and professionals have demonstrated some responsiveness to this population. Several schools of social work (for exam ple, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the University of Washington, Seattle) offer one or more courses on practice with the developmentally disabled. In addition, a growing number of social work practi tioners have accepted developmentally dis abled clients in their caseload. But these
Criteria in anaerobic fermentation tests

The most fundamental premise in the differentiation and identification of micro-organisms through determination of their metabolic functions rests in the unquestioned purity of the culture under study; a mixture of species gives, as a rule, a result that represents the sum of the properties possessed by the individual strains represented. On account of the confusions growing out of fermentation and other cultural tests conducted with impure cultures, little headway was made previous to the war in the taxonomy of the obligate anaerobes. Impurity of culture need no longer be considered an insurmountable difficulty in the taxonomy of the anaerobes, for, while an almost meticulous anxiety must be exercised in order to avoid contaminations, both deep and surface culture methods exist which suffice for isolation if repeatedly and conscientiously applied. Except in rare instances the purification problem is a solved problem.1 Assuming the problem of purity to be settled, one is justified, in view of the great utility of the fermentation reactions in aerobic bacteriology, in inquiring to what extent they may be applied in the differentiation and identification of obligate anaerobes. There has been until recently a widespread impression that the usual (i. e., aerobic) criteria of fermentation, namely, acid and gas production, encounter serious limitations in the interpretation of fermentation tests of anaerobes. It is the purpose of this paper to formulate these limitations in the belief that the taxonomic utility of the fermentation reactions is no less for the obligate anaerobes than for the aerobes, providing certain conditions are met. The constricted fermentation tube with mechanical seal2 has been of considerable aid in this study.
Adsorption of Dibenzothiophene and Fluorene on TiO2(110) and Supported Ag Clusters

New adsorbent materials, many of which rely on supported Ag nanoclusters or exchanged Ag+ ions, have recently been employed in petroleum processing to further reduce sulfur content in fuels followi...
Clindamycin and Carbenicillin in Treatment of Patients with Intraabdominal and Female Genital Tract Infections

Clindamycin alone and with an aminoglycoside or carbenicillin alone and with an aminoglycoside were used in therapy for 173 patients with intraabdominal or genital tract infections. Excellent or good results were obtained in 115 of 131 patients treated with clindamycin and 33 of 42 patients treated with carbenicillin. Few serious side effects were observed in patients who received either drug. The data indicate that clindamycin is an effective drug in these conditions and suggest that carbenicillin may be equally effective.
Epidemiological investigation and analysis of 45 human rabies cases in Hanzhong city

Objective To master the rabies epidemic regularity,this paper discusses the reasons and influencing factors of the disease,provide the basis for effective prevention and control. Methods To conduct epidemiological case investigation and analysis of 45 rabies cases diagnosis reported by Hanzhong medical institutions. Results The onset age 50- take 46. 67%,5- take 4. 44%,mainly farmers( 91. 11%). The longest incubation period is 180 d,the shortest is 11 d,the average is 64. 41 d; ordinary stray,domesticate dogs are absolute advantage exposed animals. The 45 cases including 3 cases( 6. 67%) specification to deal with the wound and vaccinated rabies vaccine,4 cases( 8. 89%) only disinfected the wound,but not washing standardly,vaccination is not timely,38 cases( 84. 44%) without specification of wound disposal and vaccination. Conclusions High numbers of dogs raised,lack of management and healthy teaching work,insufficient cognition to the harm of rabies,untimely and inaccurate wound treatment after exposure,untimely vaccinated with rabies,injection of rabies virus immune globulin or anti- rabies serum are the main cause of rabies incidence.
Pharmacy and freedom.

The development of pharmacy in Western civilization has been influenced by ideas of individual liberty; the impact of these ideas is traced. For a short time during the French Revolution, individuals without qualifications could practice pharmacy, but abuses prompted return of regulation; from 1803, pharmacy was closely regulated by the state. Liberal thinking in 19th-century Britain left control of pharmacy mainly within the profession; regulation was definitive rather than restrictive. With the influence of Jacksonian Democracy and freedom of trade in the United States, there were no effective pharmacy regulations until the late 19th century and few educational requirements for licensure until the 1920s. In Germany, the old system of concessions and privileges was upset after World War II when any qualified pharmacist was allowed to open a shop wherever desired in the American-occupied zone; the courts upheld this policy as the basis for establishment of pharmacies in West Germany. Liberty in dispensing drugs has been limited out of concern for the well-being of individuals and of society as a whole. In Great Britain and the U.S., restrictions on dispensing antedated laws establishing qualifications for pharmacists. The history of pharmacy demonstrates that there are moral and social barriers to realization of the ideals of liberty. History also suggests that if pharmacists assume responsibilities that use their specialized training, they can defend against inroads by nonpharmacists.
VerilogTown: cars, crashes and hardware design

VerilogTown is a game about cars, crashes and hardware design. The game is designed to help teach and practice the hardware description language, Verilog. The game uses the metaphor of traffic signals to help players understand and practice the code needed to implement combinational and sequential logic in digital circuits. Borrowing from the emerging space of human computation games, player solutions in the games can be directly transferred to embedded system for real world use.
Basics of Spacetime Algebra (STA)

The spacetime algebra (STA) is the Clifford algebra based on the real 4-dimensional Minkowski space. Basic concepts of the STA are introduced in this chapter.
Derivations of the Greater-Good Defence

It has been contended that the GGD gets its meaning and is derivable from basic or essential tenets of theism.1 As far as I am aware, the only significant account of how such a derivation might go is offered by Keith Yandell.2 Though it is only a rough draft, it might be helpful to carefully review and examine that effort to see what use it might have, and look at alternatives open to the theist.
Community-based geospatial tag estimation

This paper tackles the geospatial tag estimation problem, which is of critical importance for location-based search, retrieval, and mining applications. However, tag estimation is challenging due to massive sparsity, uncertainty in the tags actually used, as well as diversity across locations and times. Toward overcoming these challenges, we propose a community-based smoothing approach that seeks to uncover hidden conceptual communities which link multiple related locations by their common interests in addition to their proximity. Through extensive experiments over a sample of millions of geo-tagged Twitter posts, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the smoothing approach and validate the intuition that geo-locations have the tendency to share similar "ideas" in the formation of conceptual communities.
Characterization of functional brain activity and connectivity using EEG and fMRI in patients with sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a red blood cell disorder that causes many complications including life-long pain. Treatment of pain remains challenging due to a poor understanding of the mechanisms and limitations to characterize and quantify pain. In the present study, we examined simultaneously recording functional MRI (fMRI) and electroencephalogram (EEG) to better understand neural connectivity as a consequence of chronic pain in SCD patients. We performed independent component analysis and seed-based connectivity on fMRI data. Spontaneous power and microstate analysis was performed on EEG-fMRI data. ICA analysis showed that patients lacked activity in the default mode network (DMN) and executive control network compared to controls. EEG-fMRI data revealed that the insula cortex's role in salience increases with age in patients. EEG microstate analysis showed patients had increased activity in pain processing regions. The cerebellum in patients showed a stronger connection to the periaqueductal gray matter (involved in pain inhibition), and negative connections to pain processing areas. These results suggest that patients have reduced activity of DMN and increased activity in pain processing regions during rest. The present findings suggest resting state connectivity differences between patients and controls can be used as novel biomarkers of SCD pain.
Improved block copolymer domain dispersity on chemical patterns via homopolymer-blending and molecular transfer printing

Abstract Herein we have investigated the domain width distributions of block copolymers and their ternary blends after directed assembly on chemically patterned surfaces with and without density multiplication. On chemical patterns with density multiplication, the width of the interpolated block copolymer domains was bimodal. Once blended with the corresponding homopolymers, the block copolymers exhibited unimodal distributions of domain width due to the redistribution of homopolymers in the block copolymer domains. When the block copolymers were blended with hydroxyl-terminated homopolymers, the homopolymers with functional end-groups healed the chemical patterns and facilitated the formation of nanostructures with further improved domain width distributions. Lastly, it is demonstrated that the block copolymers achieved the most improved domain width distributions when directed to assemble without density multiplication on one-to-one chemical patterns generated by molecular transfer printing.
Stromal and antitumor effects of BIBF 1120 (nintedanib) in a preclinical lung cancer model.

e13563 Background: BIBF 1120 is an angiogenic receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that potently inhibits VEGFR, PDGFR and FGFR kinase activity in in vitro enzymatic assays. This study investigated t...
Child safety wearable device

This paper discusses the concept of a smart wearable device for little children. The major advantage of this wearable over other wearable is that it can be used in any cellphone and doesn't necessarily require an expensive smartphone and not a very tech savvy individual to operate. The purpose of this device is to help parents locate their children with ease. At the moment there are many wearables in the market which help track the daily activity of children and also help find the child using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth services present on the device. But Wi-Fi and Bluetooth appear to be an unreliable medium of communication between the parent and child. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to have an SMS text enabled communication medium between the child's wearable and the parent as the environment for GSM mobile communication is almost present everywhere. The parent can send a text with specific keywords such as “LOCATION” “TEMPERATURE” “UV” “SOS” “BUZZ”, etc., the wearable device will reply back with a text containing the real time accurate location of the child which upon tapping will provide directions to the child's location on google maps app and will also provide the surrounding temperature, UV radiation index so that the parents can keep track if the temperature or UV radiation is not suitable for the child. The prime motivation behind this paper is that we know how important technology is in our lives but it can sometimes can't be trusted, and we always need to have a secondary measure at hand. The secondary measure used in this project is the people present in the surrounding of the child who could instantly react for the child's safety till the parents arrive or they could contact the parents and help locate them. The secondary measure implemented was using a bright SOS Light and distress alarm buzzer present on the wearable device which when activated by the parents via SMS text should display the SOS signal brightly and sound an alarm which a bystander can easily spot as a sign of distress. Hence this paper aims at providing parents with a sense of security for their child in today's time.
Constructing the Antichrist as Superstar: Marilyn Manson and the Mechanics of Eschatological Narrative

This article examines the moral crusade against Marilyn Manson’s Antichrist Superstar, the various sign-vehicles that contributed to his persona, and the social construction of a folk devil. By fashioning his persona using previous claims concerning Satan’s influence in society - primarily, those employed during the 1980s Satanism scare - Manson ensured that Antichrist Superstar would incite panic as moral crusaders interpreted his pseudo-ostensive actions using collective memories and explanatory millenarianism. He achieved this aim by attacking middle-class Christian ideologies and connecting his persona to previous social problems and cultural scripts to delineate his deviant character. The pseudo-ostensive characteristics of Manson’s stage performances and blasphemous lyrics grant creditability to traditional folk beliefs concerning Satan’s influence in rock music therefore allowing conservative groups to interpret his persona using pre-existing rumours and narratives. By presenting himself as the Antichrist, Manson became a social problem for fundamentalist Christianity: a reiterated moral panic greatly blown out of proportion, and produced using traditional exaggerations and deviant stereotypes in a collective attempt to construct a folk devil. Because Manson’s image and lyrics are meticulously fashioned from various cultural symbols concerning evil and the Antichrist, he encourages his own demonization by enticing his audience to employ explanatory millenarianism and the knowledge of previous cultural scripts to interpret the traditional representations of evil he dangles before them.
A Sepsis-related Diagnosis Impacts Interventions and Predicts Outcomes for Emergency Patients with Severe Sepsis.

Author(s): Kim, Mitchell; Watase, Taketo; Jablonowski, Karl D.; Gatewood, Medley O.; Henning, Daniel J. | Abstract: Introduction: Many patients meeting criteria for severe sepsis are not given a sepsis-relateddiagnosis by emergency physicians (EP). This study 1) compares emergency department (ED)interventions and in-hospital outcomes among patients with severe sepsis, based on the presenceor absence of sepsis-related diagnosis, and 2) assesses how adverse outcomes relate to three-hoursepsis bundle completion among patients fulfilling severe sepsis criteria but not given a sepsisrelateddiagnosis.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using patients meeting criteria for severesepsis at two urban, academic tertiary care centers from March 2015 through May 2015. Weincluded all ED patients with the following: 1) the 1992 Consensus definition of severe sepsis,including two or more systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria and evidence of organdysfunction; or 2) physician diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock. We excluded patientstransferred to or from another hospital and those l18 years old. Patients with an EP-assignedsepsis diagnosis created the “Physician Diagnosis” group; the remaining patients composed the“Consensus Criteria” group. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomesincluded completed elements of the current three-hour sepsis bundle; non-elective intubation;vasopressor administration; intensive care unit (ICU) admission from the ED; and transfer to theICU in l 24 hours. We compared proportions of each outcome between groups using the chi-squaretest, and we also performed a stratified analysis using chi square to assess the association betweenfailure to complete the three-hour bundle and adverse outcomes in each group.Results: Of 418 patients identified with severe sepsis we excluded 54, leaving 364 patients foranalysis: 121 “Physician Diagnosis” and 243 “Consensus Criteria.” The “Physician Diagnosis” grouphad a higher in-hospital mortality (12.4% vs 3.3%, P l 0.01) and compliance with the three-hour sepsisbundle (52.1% vs 20.2%, P l 0.01) compared with the “Consensus Criteria” group. An incompletethree-hour sepsis bundle was not associated with a higher incidence of death, intubation, vasopressoruse, ICU admission or transfer to the ICU in l24 hours in patients without a sepsis diagnosis.Conclusion: “Physician Diagnosis” patients more frequently received sepsis-specific interventionsand had a higher incidence of mortality. “Consensus Criteria” patients had infrequent adverseoutcomes regardless of three-hour bundle compliance. EPs’ sepsis diagnoses reflect riskstratificationbeyond the severe sepsis criteria.
The Nonvitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants and Atrial Fibrillation: Challenges and Considerations.

The nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban are used for the reduction of the risk of stroke or systemic embolism (SEE) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The purpose of this review is to highlight the safety and efficacy results of the pivotal NOAC clinical trials for use in NVAF, discuss some of the unique management challenges in the use of NOACs in special populations, summarize data on emerging and novel indications, and address potential future directions. Methods A literature search was conducted and to identify relevant clinical trials and studies regarding the use of NOACs for the prevention of stroke or SEE in patients with atrial fibrillation. Results Relative to warfarin, NOACs are as effective or superior in the prevention of stroke or SEE, and are associated with similar or lower rates of major bleeding and significantly decreased rates of intracranial bleeding, but may be associated with a slightly increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with AF. The NOACs are not indicated for use and have not been widely tested in AF patients with other cardiovascular conditions. Additional ongoing and planned clinical trials will provide additional information regarding the use of NOACs in these patients. In situations requiring rapid reversal of anticoagulation, the availability of specific antidotes will improve safety and facilitate NOAC use. Conclusions Use of NOACs in clinical practice requires consideration of patient characteristics as well as potentially required procedures.
The Demand for Special Education Teachers in Rural Schools Revisited: An Update on Progress.

In this commentary, we revisit “NCLB and the Demand for Highly Qualified Teachers: Challenges and Solutions for Rural Schools,” an article we published in this journal in 2005. We consider the pred...
MÜNSTER: The Zoological Collections of the LWL-Museum of Natural History in Münster

The zoological collections of the LWL-Museum of Natural History in Munster date back to the mid-nineteenth century. Since then, the focus on collecting objects of importance to the natural history of the region “Westphalia” remains. The collection contains more than one million specimens of insects; the majority belongs to the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera. Among the different kinds of invertebrate collections, there is a collection of 100,000 spiders. The vertebrate collections, for example, contain more than 26,000 objects within the bird collection and 13,000 objects within the mammalian collection.
Conventional DCs from Male and Female Lupus-Prone B6.NZM Sle1/Sle2/Sle3 Mice Express an IFN Signature and Have a Higher Immunometabolism That Are Enhanced by Estrogen

Type I interferons (IFN) are pathogenic in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and were proposed to control the immunometabolism of dendritic cells (DCs). We previously reported that DCs from female lupus-prone mice constitutively overexpress IFN-responsive genes resembling the IFN signature found in SLE patients. As SLE has higher incidence in women than men, more so in women of reproductive age, estrogens are suggested to affect lupus pathogenesis. We investigated the effects of sex and estrogens on the IFN signature in conventional GM-CSF-bone marrow-derived DCs (cDCs), from male and female Triple Congenic B6.NZM.Sle1/Sle2/Sle3 (TCSle) lupus-prone mice or from wild-type C57BL/6 mice, generated with titrations of 17-beta-estradiol (E2). We found that cDCs from prediseased TCSle male mice express the IFN signature as female TCSle cDCs do. Estrogens are necessary but not sufficient to express this IFN signature, but high doses of E2 can compensate for other steroidal components. E2 stimulation, regardless of sex, modulates type I IFN-dependent and type I IFN-independent activation of cDCs in response to TLR stimulation. Finally, we found that TCSle cDCs from both sexes have elevated markers of immunometabolism and estrogens enhance the metabolic pathways in cDCs, suggesting a mechanistic link between estrogens, immunometabolism, and the IFN signature in lupus.
LEAP Works! Outcomes of a Family-based Nutrition Education and Physical Activity Promotion Program

Overweight is an endemic public health concern for children, adolescents, and adults. Reducing the prevalence of childhood overweight is a national health objective and nine million U.S. children, currently classified as overweight, require effective nutrition education and physical activity promotion services. The intent of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a family-based nutrition education and physical activity promotion program, Lifelong Eating and Activity Patterns (LEAP), as an effective approach for the prevention and treatment of child overweight. The study design was an eight-week intervention and participant files were analyzed retrospectively to ascertain information for the study variables. The main outcome measures were changes in body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, fitness level, and eating and activity behaviors for child and parent participants. Qualitative data gathered from an exit survey for both children and parents were used to assess perceived benefits, value, and effectiveness of the program. Participants included 107 boys (n=48) and girls (n=59) ages 7-14, mean age 10.6 years, and their accompanying parents. The child participants were either “at risk for overweight” (3%) or “overweight” (97%). The results showed a significant decrease in BMI for both child and parent participants and percent body fat for child participants. There was a significant increase in reported fruit and vegetable consumption, regular physical activity, and in fitness parameters for both child and parent participants. The qualitative exit survey results indicated that the LEAP program resulted in significant improvements in knowledge, attitude, and behavior. In conclusion, this family-based nutrition education and physical activity promotion program was effective in decreasing BMI and body fat, increasing fitness level, and eliciting positive changes in eating and activity attitudes and behavior in both child and parent participants.
Surface area controls gas hydrate dissociation kinetics in porous media

Abstract This study integrates X-ray radiography and 3D computed tomography (CT) to measure xenon hydrate dissociation kinetics in a porous medium (sand) through depressurization at the quasi-isothermal condition. Before dissociation, we use X-ray CT to measure hydrate volume and surface area in the sand and find [hydrate volume]2/3 is a linear approximation of hydrate surface area regardless of differences in hydrate specific area. During dissociation, we use X-ray radiography to quantify the evolutions of hydrate volume and dissociation rate. We find [hydrate volume]2/3 (i.e., hydrate surface area) is a linear metric of hydrate dissociation rate. Additionally we observe two circumstances when dissociate rate is not linear with [hydrate volume]2/3. First, above a critical hydrate saturation of 35–45%, hydrate dissociation rate initially stays constant and then decreases with [volume]2/3. Second, the dissociation rates of patchy hydrates in large pores initially stay constant and are significantly slower than hydrates in small pores with the same sizes. Since methane hydrates in nature are patchy and heterogeneously distributed, the new knowledge will facilitate modeling of hydrates production with a simple metric of dissociation rate (i.e., [volume]2/3) and constraints of hydrate saturation and pore size.
Aviation Connectivity Impacts on Regional Economies in the United States

This paper uses applied microeconomics techniques to investigate the impact of aviation connectivity on 548 regional economies in the United States. Using lagged socioeconomic variables to instrume...
Power plant performance modeling with concept drift

Power plant is a complex and nonstationary system for which the traditional machine learning modeling approaches fall short of expectations. The ensemble-based online learning methods provide an effective way to continuously learn from the dynamic environment and autonomously update models to respond to environmental changes. This paper proposes such an online ensemble regression approach to model power plant performance, which is critically important for operation optimization. The experimental results on both simulated and real data show that the proposed method can achieve performance with less than 1% mean average percentage error, which meets the general expectations in field operations.
Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy as measured by PET predicts outcome after liver resection for colorectal metastases

3056 Background: Patients with hepatic colorectal metastases are often treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to liver resection. FDG PET is a standard imaging modality for such patients. We h...
Model Adequacy Checking/Goodness-of-fit Testing for Behavior in Joint Dynamic Network/Behavior Models, with an Extension to Two-mode Networks:

The recent popularity of models that capture the dynamic coevolution of both network structure and behavior has driven the need for summary indices to assess the adequacy of these models to reprodu...
Interview with Ming Scholars

Q1: To what extent do you see yourself as a Ming scholar? How would you describe yourself?WP: I have thought of myself, almost from the beginning, more as a seventeenth-century historian rather tha...
On the interaction of a compliant wall with a turbulent boundary layer

This study examines the interactions of a compliant wall with a turbulent boundary layer as the deformation scale increases from submicron to several wall units (δν). The friction velocity Reynolds number ranges between 1435 and 5179, and , with the direct numerical simulation results of Rosti and Brandt (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 830, 2017, pp. 708–735).
Shear banding in unsaturated geomaterials through a strong nonlocal hydromechanical model

We present a strong nonlocal hydromechanical model formulated based on state-based peridynamics for simulating strain localisation in unsaturated geomaterials. The governing equations are integro-d...
Undocumented Latinx life-writing: refusing worth and meritocracy

This article analyzes undocumented Latinx nonfiction life-writing as creative resistance to dehumanization and as a vehicle for new conceptions of Latinx subjectivities and experiences. It investig...
Approach to Genital Lesions

Genital lesions are a commonly encountered problem, especially in clinic. This teaching script leads the learner through an approach to thinking about genital lesions. We emphasize how to organize them into different infectious causes, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and diagnostic testing for each. We also discuss some of the more common causes of noninfectious genital lesions.
Stacy Wolf. Beyond Broadway: The Pleasure and Promise of Musical Theatre across America.

Musical theatre in the United States flourishes in local environments including schools and camps, community and dinner theatres, and outdoor summer performances. While varying widely in economic s...
Counselors as organizational leaders: Exploring parallels of servant leadership and professional counseling

The aim of this article is to encourage professional counselors to consider using their counseling competencies outside of the counseling field as servant leaders in organizational settings. The au...
Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering Calculations of Transition Metal Complexes Within a Simplified Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Framework.

We present a time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) approach to compute the light-matter couplings between two different manifolds of excited states relative to a common ground state in t...
A Statistical (Process Monitoring) Perspective on Human Performance Modeling in the Age of Cyber-Physical Systems

With the continued technological advancements in mobile computing, sensors, and artificial intelligence methodologies, computer acquisition of human and physical data, often called cyber-physical convergence, is becoming more pervasive. Consequently, personal device data can be used as a proxy for human operators, creating a digital signature of their typical usage. Examples of such data sources include: wearable sensors, motion capture devices, and sensors embedded in work stations. Our motivation behind this paper is to encourage the quality community to investigate relevant research problems that pertain to human operators. To frame our discussion, we examine three application areas (with distinct data sources and characteristics) for human performance modeling: (a) identification of physical human fatigue using wearable sensors/accelerometers; (b) capturing changes in a driver’s safety performance based on fusing on-board sensor data with online API data; and (c) human authentication for cybersecurity applications. Through three case studies, we identify opportunities for applying industrial statistics methodologies and present directions for future work. To encourage future examination by the quality community, we host our data, Code, and analysis on an online repository.
The older worker: gender and age discrimination in the workplace

Abstract Facing the growing costs of an aging population, authorities of industrialized nations are increasingly pushing workers to retire later in life. In practice, however, older workers face significant barriers due to their age—or rather, due to organizational members’ perception of their age. After reviewing how discrimination against older workers permeates all stages of organizational life—from recruitment to retirement—we examine the psychological mechanisms that contribute to sustain and sometimes reinforce these discriminations. We also provide a special focus on the conditions of older female workers, and conclude with practical solutions and opportunities for future research.
Constitutional Constraints on the Conduct of Foreign and Defense Policy: A Nonjudicial Model

But in the exercise of such a prerogative, as declaring war, dispatch, secrecy, and vigor are often indispensable, and always useful towards success. On the other hand, it may be urged in reply, that the power of declaring war is not only the highest sovereign prerogative; but that it is in its own nature and effects so critical and calamitous, that it requires the utmost deliberation, and the successive review of all the councils of the nation. War, in its best estate, never fails to impose upon the people the most burthensome taxes and personal sufferings. . . . It is sometimes fatal to public liberty itself, by introducing a spirit of military glory, which is ready to follow, wherever a successful commander will lead; and in a republic, whose institutions are essentially founded on the basis of peace, there is infinite danger, that war will find it both imbecile in defence, and eager for contest. . . . The cooperation of all the branches of the legislative power ought, upon principle, to be required in this the highest act of legislation, as it is in all others.
Numerical construction of the Poincare map, with application to accelerators

We show how to construct a symplectic approximation to the Poincar{prime}e map, using data from a symplectic integrator. We illustrate by producing a full-turn map for a realistic model of the Large Hadron Collider. Mapping of one turn is typically faster by a factor of 60 than direct integration. This allows one to follow orbits over times comparable to the required storage time of the beam, on a workstation computer. Fast mapping also allows the construction of quasi-invariant actions, which aid in estimates of long-term stability.
America's Battle for Media Democracy: The Triumph of Corporate Libertarianism and the Future of Media Reform

This contribution is a recording of the CAMRI research seminar held at the University of Westminster on November 19, 2014, in which Victor Pickard presented his book "America’s Battle for Media Democracy: The Triumph of Corporate Libertarianism and the Future of Media Reform": http://www.cambridge.org/gb/academic/subjects/politics-international-relations/american-government-politics-and-policy/americas-battle-media-democracy-triumph-corporate-libertarianism-and-future-media-reform Why do American media have so few public interest regulations? How did the American media system become dominated by a few corporations, and why are structural problems like market failures routinely avoided in media policy discourse? By tracing the answers to many of these questions back to media policy battles in the 1940s, Victor Pickard explains how this happened and why it matters today. Drawing from extensive archival research, the book uncovers the American media system’s historical roots and normative foundations. His book charts the rise and fall of a forgotten media reform movement to recover alternatives and paths not taken. As much about the present and future as it is about the past, the book proposes policies for remaking media based on democratic values for the digital age. Victor Pickard is an assistant professor at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania. Previously he taught media studies at NYU and the University of Virginia, and he worked on media policy in Washington, D.C. as a Senior Research Fellow at the media reform organization Free Press, the public policy think tank the New America Foundation, and Congresswoman Diane Watson’s office. He has published numerous journal articles and book chapters on the history and political economy of media institutions and media reform activism. His op-eds on media policy debates and the future of journalism have appeared in news outlets like The Guardian, The Seattle Times, The Huffington Post, and The Philadelphia Inquirer. He is the editor (with Robert McChesney) of Will the Last Reporter Please Turn out the Lights, and the author of America’s Battle for Media Democracy. He tweets at @VWPickard.
Alteration of the major phosphorylation site of eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4E prevents its association with the 48 S initiation complex.

Site-directed mutagenesis was used to replace the serine residue at the primary phosphorylation site of human eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E with an alanine residue. The mutated cDNA was transcribed in vitro, and the transcript was used to direct protein synthesis in a reticulocyte lysate system. The variant protein (eIF-4EAla) was retained on a 7-methylguanosine 5'-triphosphate (m7GTP)-Sepharose affinity column and was specifically eluted by m7GTP. Examination of eIF-4EAla by isoelectric focusing revealed two species which had the same pI values as the phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of unaltered eIF-4E (here designated eIF-4ESer). However, conversion of unphosphorylated eIF-4EAla to the putative phosphorylated eIF-4EAla in the reticulocyte lysate system was slower than the corresponding conversion of eIF-4ESer. The possibility that the more acidic form of eIF-4EAla was due to NH2-terminal acetylation was ruled out by an experiment in which the acetyl-CoA pool of the reticulocyte lysate system was depleted with oxaloacetate and citrate synthase. The more acidic form of eIF-4EAla was, however, eliminated by treatment with calf intestine alkaline phosphatase, suggesting that it results from a second-site phosphorylation. When translation reaction mixtures were resolved on sucrose density gradients, the 35S-labeled eIF-4ESer was found on the 48 S initiation complex in the presence of guanylyl imidodiphosphate, as reported earlier (Hiremath, L.S., Hiremath, S.T., Rychlik, W., Joshi, S., Domier, L.L., and Rhoads, R.E. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 1132-1138). eIF-4EAla, by contrast, was not found on the 48 S complex, suggesting that phosphorylation of eIF-4E is necessary for it to carry out its role of transferring mRNA to the 48 S complex. Supporting this interpretation was the finding that eIF-4ESer isolated from 48 S initiation complexes consisted predominantly of the phosphorylated form.
Dust Around Solar Mass Stars

The DEBRIS project is a search for infrared excess around Sun-like main sequence stars, and other types of stellar targets, using the Infrared Space Observatory. Some results, calibration issues, and changes to our original program are presented. Future platforms for advancing this project after the conclusion of the ISO mission are indicated.